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 LIBRARY 
 
 OF THE 
 
 U N I VERS ITY 
 
 OF 1LLI NO 15 
 
 From the Library of 
 
 Professor Henry F. Wickham 
 
 University of Iowa 
 
 presented in 1942 
 
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Digitized by the Internet Archive 
 
 in 2011 with funding from 
 
 University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign 
 
 http://www.archive.org/details/revisionoftenebrOOhor 
 

 REVISION OF THE TENEBRMIM OF AMERICA. 
 
 NORTH OF MEXICO. 
 
 By GEO. H. HORN, M. D. 
 
 The object of the following- pages is two-fold — first, to afford a proper means of making 
 known to science the results of four years field work in California and adjacent regions; 
 and secondly, to bring before the student of our fauna as nearly a correct list with syno- 
 nymy of all our species as possible, with short descriptions and synoptic tables, whereby 
 all our known species can be readily recognised, rendering it necessary to refer only 
 doubtful or new ones to those having typical collections for proper comparison. 
 
 The Tenebrionida? commence a large series of coleopterous insects, of which the he- 
 teromerous tarsi constitute the most important as well as the most constant character; 
 and although occupying such an important position in this Section of the great Order 
 Coleoptera, it is neither peculiar, nor without exception. 
 
 In the family Trictenotomida?, as well as in Silphidae Staphylinidae and Colydiidae, 
 we have instances of heteromerous tarsi, although in some instances the character is re- 
 versed, that is, the anterior tarsi are four jointed instead of the hind tarsi. Two species 
 of Heteromera are said to have pentamerous tarsi (Tanyrhinus singularis Mann., and Se- 
 pidium pradieri Guerin.) and one genus, Heterotarsus, has the number of joints reduced 
 by one in each tarsus, so that the anterior and middle tarsi are tetramerous, while the 
 hind tarsi are trimerous. 
 
 The following characters are those which define all the genera and species known to 
 me of the family Tenebrionidas. 
 
 Presternum ((Hunting the hind margin of the thorax, epimera never contiguous on the 
 median line. Anterior coxed cavities closed behind. Tarsi heteromerous, penidtimate joint 
 never spongy beneath. Tarsal elates simple. First three joints of the abdomen connate. 
 Elytra with distinct epipleuraz. 
 
 Any heteromerous Coleopteron not possessing all of the above characters, must be re- 
 ferred to some other family. Cossyphus has the epimera of the prostcrnum contiguous 
 along the median line, and the prostcrnum not attaining the hind margin of the prothorax, 
 and must constitute a family apart and be placed at the head of that large primary division 
 of the Order in which this peculiar formation of prostcrnum is always found, called by Dr. 
 Leconte the Khynchophora. 
 
 Even to the present time, many European entomologists persist in retaining Boros and 
 
 AMERI. PH1LOSO. SOC. — VOL. XIV. — G4 - , 
 
 ! Oi'9QA 
 
254 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONID.E OF AMERICA, 
 
 its allies among- the Tenebrionidse. Mr. Pascoe (Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. Ser. IV, 
 Vol. III. p. 153,) renews the opinion, and while noting the fact that the anterior coxal 
 cavities are open behind in Pytho, Boros, et al., appears to lay greater stress on the promi- 
 nence of the coxae themselves. I fear the more prominent, or rather more visible, char- 
 acter has engaged the attention of Mr. Pascoe, at the expense of trie more important ones. 
 In the above cited paper of Mr. Pascoe, as well as in others by Mr. Pates, on the Tene- 
 brionide Fauna of Australia, etc., it is to be regretted that too little attention has been 
 paid to some of our own genera, with which it is probable some of theirs are closely allied 
 and perhaps identical. Many have been founded on characters of entirely too trifling 
 moment, and genera have been multiplied to an extent only exceeded by late publications 
 on tin 1 genera of C'erambycida? and Curculionidse. From their standpoint Eleodes in our 
 fauna alone may be divided into a dozen, while each Asida might with equal propriety be 
 called by a surname of its own. 
 
 Although the coxal cavities are never continent, they are sometimes so narrowly sep- 
 arated by the presternum as to allow the coxa 1 to become contiguous, as in Dacoderus 
 and a new genus.* 
 
 The classification adopted in the body of this paper is substantially that of Dr. l,e- 
 conte, with such alterations as the further study of the family seems to indicate 1 , and while 
 the systems adopted by Leconte and Lacordaire are so widely and fundamentally differ- 
 ent, the arrangement of the genera is very strikingly similar. In this arrangement one 
 fad may be noticed more especially; the mentum in the leading genera of each sub-family 
 attains a maximum, gradually diminishing in size as the more inferior types are reached, 
 and while this is the case in each sub-family, the mentum in its greatest development in 
 the three sub-families is gradually smaller. To illustrate; in the first sub-family the men- 
 tum is very large in the Gnathosiini, and minimum in Dacoderini; second sub-family, 
 maximum in Asidini, minimum in Coniontini ; third sub-family, maximum in Blaptini 
 (and Coelocnemis), minimum in Apocryphini and Ilelopini; and while we have a maxi- 
 mum and minimum in each sub-family, so the Tentyriidae have the mentum of maximum 
 development, while the Tenebrionkhe of minimum. In a study of the family, I have 
 often been struck with the remarkable parallelism which appears to exist between indi- 
 vidual genera of many widely separated tribes. As 1 have been unable to consult scarcely 
 a fifth part of the genera described, I cannot venture further than the mere hint above 
 given. 
 
 Before entering on the details of the paper, I cannot omit mention ol the many kind 
 friends who have assisted me in the loan of specimens, &c; firstly. Dr. Leconte, for the 
 very free use of his cabinet and library; secondly, of Dr. Lewis, for many specimens, the 
 
 * This genus is in the cabinet of my friend, Mr. Ulke, and in Washington, D. ('., ami. as Mi-. U. is now abroad, 
 i. have nut been permitted to study many of the species in his cabinet. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 255 
 
 result of a Summer's trip to New Mexico; and of the members of the American Entomo- 
 logical Society, of Philadelphia, as well as the Society itself, for the kind access granted 
 to their collections. 
 
 I have received valuable assistance from many kind friends, who have made collections 
 in alcohol in various parts of our country, and kindly placed them at my disposal. To 
 such I return sincere thanks. 
 
 1st. To Mr. Wm. M. Gabb, of the California Geological Survey, who made abundant 
 and valuable collections in all parts of California, Oregon, Nevada, and Lower California, 
 from Cape San Lucas to San Diego. 
 
 2d. To Dr. Cronkhite for valuable collections in Owens' Valley, California. 
 
 3d. To Capt. Jno. E. Hill, of California, for several interesting lots from Fort Yuma. 
 
 4th. To Dr. J. G. Cooper, for collections in the Sacramento Valley. 
 
 My own collections in the Vest w T ere made principally in California, and extend 
 throughout the whole length of the State, principally in the Sacramento and Owens' Val- 
 leys, Tejon, Yuma, Fort Crook, Surprise Valley, and in the Territories of Arizona and 
 New Mexico, and at all places along the road and at any camps that may have been 
 made on the journey. 
 
 This paper having been written with the view of aiding the American student of his 
 own fauna, it has been the author's endeavor to be as explicit, as so intricate a subject can 
 be made. Wherever it was possible, synoptic tables of species have been added, many of 
 them prepared with considerable outlay of time and trouble. If this paper can in the 
 least aid those whose collections are in disorder, in properly systematising their species 
 and appreciating the difference between the genera and species, and above all, if it will 
 succeed in preventing them, should they ever aspire to authorship, from creating genera 
 and species unnecessarily, I will feel that I am amply repaid. And to those wdiose posi- 
 tion will enable them to study the paper critically, it ma}' be said that, if any errors either 
 original or copied, be the means of stimulating any one to eliminate them, I think all will 
 have abundant reason for rejoicing, and to these readers I respectfully request the perusal 
 of Duval's Tenebrionides, p. 242, and Lacordaire, Genera, V, pp. 1 2 and 289. 
 
 In the following pages each species known in our fauna will be at least briefly noticed, 
 and not merely references given, although the species may be well known. Some species 
 of Say and Beauvois remain unrecognised, while all are probably known to us under other 
 names. It is to be regretted that Mr. Walker, (Naturalist in Brit. Col. App.), has seen 
 fit to publish a large number of our Oregon species, among them some Tenebrionida?, as 
 new. The descriptions are for the most part totally valueless, and, were it not for the in- 
 timate acquaintance all American students have with the fauna of that region, the species 
 would have remained unrecognised until others, better appreciating specific characters 
 
'256 REVISION OF THE TEXEBUIOXID.E OF AMERICA, 
 
 among Coleoptera, might have been induced to review his work and so describe the spe- 
 cies that their correct synonymy could be properly ascertained. From the repeated study 
 of his descriptions, I am fully satisfied that all the Tenebrionida?, at least, are old species, 
 some of them having been described for ten or twenty years. 
 
 In regard to the classification of the family but little need here be said. After a very 
 careful review of all systems heretofore published, I am inclined to adopt that of Dr. Le- 
 conte, as giving in a more satisfactory manner the relations the tribes should occupy to 
 each other. In a review of the succeeding pages, the reader will find the tribes numbered 
 continuously, although in a fauna limited as is our own, these tribes must not always be 
 considered as of equal value among themselves, nor even equivalents of those of similar 
 designation in the work of Lacordaire. As the classification of the family on anything; 
 like a natural method has been the result of the labor of few students, and in compara- 
 tively recent times, it can hardly bo supposed to be as firmly fixed as that of the Carabi- 
 d;e and Staphylinidae ; therefore, the author has at times varied from any systems yet 
 proposed, with the view of lessening the number of exceptional cases that must inevitably 
 occur where any strict line of division is allowed to conflict with natural affinities. 
 
 The family Tenebrionidse may be divided into three sub-families. 
 Hind margins oi'all the ventral segments corneous. 
 
 Meso-eoxa? enclosed by the sterna; trochantin not visible. tentyriid.e. 
 
 Meso-coxa? open externally; trochantin visible. asidid.e. 
 
 Hind margins of the third and fourth ventral segments partly coria- 
 ceous; trochantin visible or not. texebrioxid.e. 
 
 Sub-Family TENTYRIID.E. 
 
 This sub-family comprises all those genera in which the ventral segments are entirely 
 corneous, and the meso-coxae enclosed by the meso- and meta-sterna, and witli the tro- 
 chantin consequently invisible. The mentum here attains its greatest development, and 
 in many of the genera entirely hiding all the other parts of the mouth. The sides of the 
 gula are usually prominent and applied directly against the sides of the mentum, so that 
 no gular peduncle can exist. The tarsal vestiture is somewhat variable, in most of the 
 genera the tarsi have very coarse, almost spinous hairs, and much more rarely silky pu- 
 bescent. 
 
 The following table will serve to distinguish the tribes in our fauna. 
 Mentum large, concealing both maxillae and ligula. 
 
 Fpisterna of metathorax very wide; front trilobed. ErirHYSixi. 
 
 Episterna of metathorax narrow. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 
 
 257 
 
 Front uni or trilobed. 
 
 Body apterous ; metasternum short. gnathosiini. 
 
 Body winged; metasternum long. 
 
 Anterior tibiae slender, with two spurs. epitragini. 
 
 Anterior tibia? with the outer apical angle prolonged 
 
 and with a single spur. cnemodini. 
 
 Front broadly rounded. thinobatini. 
 
 Mentum large, concealing either ligula or maxilla 1 , never both; 
 
 Tibial spurs distinct. batuliini. 
 
 Tibial spurs very minute. 
 
 Anterior coxa? widely separated. 
 
 Eyes transverse, finely granulated. zopherini. 
 
 Eyes rounded, coarsely granulated. useciiini. 
 
 Anterior coxa 1 narrowly separated; 
 
 antenna? 11-jointed. stenosiini. 
 
 Anterior coxa- continguous; 
 
 antenna? 10-jointod. daooderini. 
 
 TRIBE I — EPIPHYSINT. 
 
 Body short, convex, apterous; epistoma trilobed, labrum prominent; mentum very 
 large, entirely filling the gular cavity; ligula and maxillae concealed; thorax very short, 
 anterior angles prominent, acute; elytra globose, sides embracing widely the flanks, epi- 
 pleura? narrowing ; coxa 1 widely separated, the posterior transverse ; prosternum closely 
 fitting to the mesostemum. Tarsi slender, sparsely ciliate with long hairs. 
 
 This tribe contains in our fauna but one genus. 
 
 ED ROTES, Lee. 
 Edrotes, Lee, Aim. Lye. V, 141. 
 E. rotundus, Say, (Pimelia) Journ. Acad., 3,251; Lee. (Edrotes) Ann. Lye. V, 141. Lae. Genera, PI. 48, fig. 2. 
 
 Sub-opaque, coarsely but sparsely punctured and sparsely clothed with reddish hairs. 
 Length .25-30 inch. 
 
 Occurs rather abundantly on the Plains of Kansas and Nebraska. 
 
 E. ventrioosus, Lee., Ann. Lye. V, 141; Lac. Genera, PI. 48, fig. 3; Thomson, Arcana Naturae, Vol. I, PI. 
 XII, fig. 8. 
 
 Shilling, more finely and sparsely punctured and sparsely clothed with greyish hair. 
 Length .41 inch. 
 
 Occurs in the Desert region of California east of the Sierra Nevada, and in similar re- 
 gions of Arizona and Nevada. 
 
 AMERI. PIIILOSO. SOC. — VOL. XIV. — 65 
 
258 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONID.E OF AMERICA, 
 
 TRIBE II — GNATH0SIINI. 
 
 Body variable in form, apterous; epistoma in our genera with at least a prominent 
 middle lobe, labrum prominent; mentum large; ligula and maxillae concealed; pro- and 
 mesosternum not contiguous. Tarsi variable in vestiture. 
 Our genera may be arranged — 
 Iutercoxal process of abdomen broad, truncate. 
 
 Prouotum continuous with the flanks; middle lobe of epistoma short, broadly emarginate, 
 
 lateral lobes very prominent. craniotus. 
 
 Marginal line of thorax distinct. 
 
 Mandibles toothed above. triorophus. 
 
 Mandibles not toothed above. 
 
 Hind tarsi with first joint equal to 3 — 4. stibia. 
 
 " tarsi with first and last joints equal. triphalus. 
 
 Intercoxal process of abdomen narrow, acute. 
 
 Middle lobe of epistoma rounded; eyes with superciliary ridge. trimytis. 
 
 Middle lobe of epistoma truncate; eyes with superciliary ridge. crtptadius. 
 
 Middle lobe of epistoma emarginate; eyes without " " auchmobius. 
 
 The List three genera may be distinguished from the preceding genera by their robust 
 form. The body is convex, and in two genera quite globose. The sides of the thorax 
 are regularly rounded and narrow gradually from the basal angles. The base of thorax 
 is as wide as the base of the elytra. The form of the body is therefore regularly oval. 
 The head is also less prominent and more transverse than in the preceding genera of the 
 tribe. 
 
 CRANIOTUS, Lee. 
 
 Craniotus, Lee, Ann. Lye. V, 143. 
 
 ('. pubescens, Lee, Ann. Lye. 5, 142, the only species of the genus known. 
 
 The genus may be readily distinguished from till others of the tribe by the very prominent 
 triangular lateral lobes of the head. The median lobe is very short and broadly emarginate, 
 labrum prominent, feebly emarginate, anterior angles rounded. The epipleurae and the 
 elytra are connate without trace of suture. The metasternal parapleura? are broad and 
 without epimera. The antenna? are longer than the head and thorax, third joint equal to 
 fourth and fifth. The last joint is small, conical and connate with the preceding, so that 
 the antenme appear to have but ten joints. The last joint of the maxillary palpi is 
 broadly triangular, the apical side larger in the male, and much more narrow in the fe- 
 male. Craniotus is not rare on the Maricopa desert of Arizona under fallen trunks oi 
 Cereus giganteus, from March to November. 
 
 Length .45-50 inch. 
 
 TRIOROPHUS, Lee. 
 
 Triorophus, Lee, Ann. Lye V, 141. 
 
 In Triorophus the mandibles have a superior tooth which clasps the sides of the promi- 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 259 
 
 nent middle lobe of the epistorna. This lobe is rounded in front, more acute at its mid- 
 dle, emarginate at the sides, and with a very convex surface, so that the front is umbonatc. 
 The labrum is not visible. The maxillary palpi have nearly equal joints, the last being 
 feebly triangular. They are alike in both sexes. The metasternal parapleural are nar- 
 row, the elytral epipleurae narrow, but separated by a distinct line. 
 The species of this genus may be tabulated — 
 Head smooth, thorax transverse, frontal umbone large. nodiceps. 
 
 Head coarsely punctured, thorax transverse, frontal umbone moderate, p u n c t a t u s . 
 Head punctured or sulcate, thorax quadrate, narrower behind. 
 
 Elytra shining. la vis. 
 
 Elytra opaque, pubescent, subpubesc e n s . 
 
 T. nodiceps, Leo., Proc. Acad. G, 447; Thomson, Arcana, Vol. I, PI. XIII, fig. 7. 
 
 This is our largest species, and may be distinguished by the almost entirely smooth 
 head, the transverse and finely and densely punctured thorax. The frontal umbone is 
 more convex than in any of our other species. Found in Texas. 
 
 Length .30 inch. 
 
 T. punctatus, Lee, Ann. Lye. 5, 143. 
 
 But one specimen of this species is known, a single dead individual having been 
 found at Vallecito, Cal. It is stouter and more robust than the other species. The head 
 is coarsely punctured, and the thorax transverse coarsely and confluently punctured. 
 
 Length .25 inch. 
 
 T. Levis, Lee., Ann. Lye. 5, 141; rugiceps, Lee., loc. cit.; Lac, Genera, pi. 48, fig. 4. 
 
 This is the most abundant of our species. Specimens occur from Tejon, Cal., to the 
 western base of the Rocky Mountains in Arizona. The thorax is nearly as long as broad 
 and notably narrower behind, and has its upper surface finely but distantly punctured. 
 The head varies in sculpture ; in some the punctures are very fine and distant, in others 
 the head is sulcate by the confluence of coarse punctures. These two forms constitute re- 
 spectively Icevis and rugiceps. I have had opportunity of examining many specimens, and 
 find every shade of variation from one to the other. 
 
 Length .25 inch. 
 
 T. subpubescens, brownish black, sub-opaque. Head coarsely and densely punctured and longitudinally finely 
 sulcate; umbone moderately prominent, finely punctured. Thorax slightly broader than long, sides moderately 
 rounded. Surface convex, coarsely and densely but not confluently punctured. Head and thorax with sparsely 
 placed short yellow hairs. Elytra oval, moderately convex, faintly striato-punctate with the interstices with two rows 
 of very faint punctures, sparsely pubescent with the short hairs arranged between the rows of larger punctures. Body 
 beneath paler. Thorax coarsely and densely punctured, meso and metasterna very coarsely punctured, abdomen finely 
 and sparsely punctured. Length .30 inch. 
 
260 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONID.E OF AMERICA, 
 
 Diners from all other preceding species by its opaque surface, sparsely clothed with 
 pubescence. Our other blaclc and shining species are covered with a white dust or pul- 
 verulesccnce easily removed by handling. This same dust-like coat may be noticed on 
 many of our smooth Tenel>rionida\ and the more especially among those of the higher 
 tribes. 
 
 STIBIA, n. g. 
 
 This genus differs from Triorophus by the following characters : Front trilobed, mid- 
 dle lobe triangular slightly deticxed, lateral lobes broadly rounded. Tarsi pubescent and 
 spinous beneath. Eyes with distinct superciliary ridge, rounded and feebly emarginate. 
 Mandibles without tooth on upper surface. 
 
 The form of the front in the unique species of this genus is entirely different from any- 
 thing seen in the tribe. The lateral lobes are broadly rounded, the middle slightly de- 
 flexed, forming an angle with the rest of the front, the ridge being continous with the 
 sides of the front, so that when the front is viewed from above it appears broadly rounded 
 as in the next tribe, and thus approaches the form seen in foreign genera, allied to Tentyria. 
 
 S. puncticollis, black shining, la-ad coarsely and conflueutly punctured, thorax moderately convex, coarsely 
 and densely punctured, one-half broader than long. Sides broadly rounded, margin acute; angles distinct: anteriorly 
 feebly emarginate, posteriorly feebly sinuate. Elytra convex, elongate, oval, with nine rows of strong punctures on 
 
 the disc, one marginal row and a short scutellar row of '.i or 4 punctures. Beneath coarsely and densely punctured. 
 Legs ferruginous, brown. Length .32-38 inch. 
 
 Peninsula of California. Collected by Mr. \\ "m. M. Gabb, to whom I must again ac- 
 knowledge indebtedness for collections, made in all parts of California, kindly placed at 
 my disposal. 
 
 TRIPHALUS, Lee. 
 
 Triphalus, Lee, New Species, 104. 
 
 Triphalus differs abundantly from any of the other genera already noted. The form 
 of front approaches that seen in Trimytis. The middle lobe is rather triangular with the 
 greatest dimension transverse, the sides are broadly rounded ; the lateral lobes are very 
 distinct and separted from the median by a well defined incisure. The mandibles are not 
 toothed above. The tarsi tire very distinctly pubescent beneath, more so than in any 
 other genera of this tribe, and with the first joint of the hind tarsi rather shorter than the 
 last, 
 
 T. punctatus, Lee., New Species, 104. 
 
 The only species known, is brownish in color, with head and thorax strongly punc- 
 tured. The elytra have rows of large punctures in lines arranged in eight discoidal and 
 one marginal series, with a short scutellar row. 
 
 Lower California. Collected by Mr. Xantus. 
 
 Length .26-33. 
 
NORTH OK MEXICO. '261 
 
 TRIMYTIS, Leo. 
 Trimytis, Lee, Ann. Lye. V, 141. 
 
 With this genus commences a series of an oval, rather rohust form. In them the 
 thorax is as wide at hase as the base of the elytra. The intercoxal process of the abdo- 
 men is triangular and acute. The form of front in Trimytis is nearly that seen in the 
 preceding genus. The middle lobe is broader with sides less convergent, and truncate, 
 the lateral lobes are small, rounded and separated from the middle lobe anteriorly by a 
 fissure or incisure, as in Triphalus. The eyes have slight superciliary ridges, more de- 
 veloped in front of the eyes than above them. 
 
 T. pruinosa, Lee., Ann. Lye. V, 141. Form elongate oval, convex, glossy black. Head and thorax densely 
 bnt not very coarsely punctured. Thorax one-half broader than long, sides slightly rounded, gradually narrowing from 
 hind angles, which are rectangular, apex emarginate, base truncate, anterior angles prominent acute. Elytra oval 
 truncate at base, scarcely wider than the thorax at base, with eight discoidal and one marginal row of rather fine 
 punctures becoming obsolete at the apex; the interstices have a single row of very fine punctures. Thorax beneath 
 rather coarsely but not densely punctured, abdomen finely and very distantly punctured. Length .25 inch. 
 
 Found at times rather abundantly under stones on the plains west of Missouri. When recent the individuals 
 have a pruinose appearance, or as if covered with a fine dust-like efflorescence. 
 
 Length .20-24 inch. 
 
 T. pulverea, n. sp. Piceous, sub-opaque, elongate, oval, moderately convex. Head finely suleate from the lon- 
 gitudinal confluence of punctures. Thorax one-half broader than long, convex, moderately, coarsely and densely 
 punctured, sides moderately rounded. Base faintly sinuous, angles rectangular. Anteriorly slightly emarginate; an- 
 terior angles not very prominent. Elytra oval truncate at base, with eight discoidal rows of rather large punctures 
 and one marginal; interstices slightly convex with a faint series of punctures. Thorax beneath very coarsely and 
 densely punctured. 4bdomen less coarsely and not densely punctured. Length .20 inch. 
 
 This species differs considerably from the preceding, notably in the form of the thorax. 
 The thorax is rather narrower at base than at its middle, the sides are therefore more 
 rounded than in pruinosa and the anterior angles are much less prominent. 
 
 As compared with pruinosa, this species has more elongate and less convex elytra. 
 The rows of punctures are better defined and the punctures more closely placed, 
 so that the elytra are almost striate. When recent, this species is covered with a hue 
 dust, as in pruinosa. I found but few specimens of this species at Camp Grant, Arizona, 
 during the Winter, under stones, etc. 
 
 T. ab nor mis, chestnut brown, sub-opaque; head rather densely and coarsely punctured; thorax broader than 
 long, narrower at base than the elytra; disc moderately convex, coarsely and moderately densely punctured, especially 
 toward the margins; apex feebly emarginate, base slightly sinuate, sides rounded in front, gradually narrowed to the 
 hind angles, which are rectangular. Elytra elongate oval, subparallel in front, moderately convex with stria; of finely 
 muricate punctures, confused at base and less distinct at apex. Body beneath coarsely but not densely punctured; 
 abdomen paler, more shining, and scarcely at all punctured. 
 
 Length .20 inch. 
 
 This species differs not only from all its congeners, but from the group of genera, in 
 reproducing a form of thorax more nearly allied to Stibia; all the other species of the 
 
 AMERI. PH1LOSO. SOC. — VOL. XIV. — 66 
 
262 REVISION' OF THE TENEBRIONIDJE OF AMERICA, 
 
 genera of this group have the thorax broadest at base and equal to the elytra, while the 
 thorax in the present species is narrower at base than at apex. It cannot be referred to 
 any other genus, and this one character alone appears really too trifling to admit of the 
 formation of a new one. A single specimen collected by the expedition in Nevada, under 
 Clarence King. 
 
 CRYPTADITJS, Lee. 
 Cryptadius, Lee, Ann. Lye. V, 140. 
 
 Epistoma with the middle lobe produced truncate, labrum slightly prominent, entire. 
 Maxillary palpi slender, eyes subemarginate, with a distinct superciliary ridge. Mentum 
 large, transverse, entirely filling the buccal cavity. Antenna' 11-jointed, slender, slightly 
 thickened externally ; 3d joint larger. Legs slender, bicalcarate. Anterior tibiae with the 
 outer angle prolonged. Posterior coxa? approximate. 
 
 C. inflatus, Lee., Ann. Lye. V, 140. Black, very convex bead and thorax, finely punctured. Thorax short, 
 narrower anteriorly, sides rounded, slightly margined. Elytra finely rauricato-punctate. Base of antennae and feet 
 brownish. Length .23 inch. 
 
 A single specimen was found at San Diego, and subsequently lost while being sent 
 abroad for study. No other specimens have since been found. 
 
 AUCHMOBIUS, Lee. 
 A uch mohin s. Lee., Ann. Lye. V, 140. 
 
 Epistoma with the middle lobe produced, deeply emarginate, and with convergent 
 sides, lateral lobes broadly rounded. Labrum moderately prominent, feebly emarginate. 
 Maxillary palpi slender, last joint broader oval. Eyes feebly emarginate and without su- 
 perciliary ridge. Antenna' with the first three joints nearly equal and longer than the 
 others; joints 4-10, gradually increasing in breadth, slightly flattened, last joint oval, 
 acute and smaller than the preceding. Anterior tibia- with the outer angle prolonged. 
 Tarsi with spinous hairs beneath. 
 
 This genus and the preceding have been removed "from the group Thinobatini. in 
 which they were placed by Dr. Leconte, on account of the prominence of the middle lobe 
 of the epistoma. In the tribe named, the epistoma is very broadly rounded and without 
 any undue prominence of either of the lobes, which are faintly indicated by obsolete 
 sutures. 
 
 A. sub he vis, Lee., Ann. Lye. ~i. 140. 
 
 This insect is of very robust form, broadly oval, and very convex, nearly smooth and 
 shining, with few hue punctures on the head and thorax, and rather coarse ones on 
 the elytra. It appears to occur in many parts of California, though rare everywhere. 
 Specimens occurred most abundantly in Owens' Valley, one at Tejon, another in the 
 Southern Coast Range. It varies in size from .3-4 inch; and one from the latter locality 
 is smoother and of a longer oval. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. '263 
 
 TRIBE III EPITRAGINI. 
 
 Body generally elongate oval, winged ; epistoma with at least a prominent middle 
 lobe in our species ; labrum prominent; mention large, entirely rilling the gnlar cavity; 
 elytra with narrow epipleurae ; metasternum long ; parapleural narrow ; middle coxa? en- 
 tirely enclosed by the sterna, hind coxa; approximate, intercoxal process of abdomen 
 acute ; tarsi usually pubescent beneath. 
 
 Than this tribe there is probably no other more difficult of position ; each genus pos- 
 sessing characters peculiarly its own, yet all are connected by many points of structure, 
 rendering the tribe at least as natural as any of those which precede. Composed origin- 
 ally in our fauna of but one well defined genus, with characters unknown in any other 
 preceding or following it in the Tentyriidoe, it was not a matter of any great trouble to 
 assign it to a position in an analytical table. The addition of one other genus renders its 
 study no less difficult in our fauna than Lacordaire found it in the genera of the whole 
 world. 
 
 Two genera alone compose this tribe in our fauna, and may be readily distinguished 
 from each other as follows : — 
 
 Mesosternum divided, receiving the presternum. epitragus. 
 
 " not divided, presternum not prolonged. SCHoenicus. 
 
 EPITRAGUS, Lair. 
 Epitragus, Latr., Hist. Nat. Crust, et Ins. X, p. 322. 
 
 The characters of this genus have been so thoroughly exposed by Lacordaire (Genera 
 des Coleopteres V.) that it is unnecessary to repeat, while any characters peculiar to our 
 species, or not heretofore noted, will be developed either in the table which follows or in 
 the description of each species. For a long time but one species was known in our 
 fauna; our collections now contain eight, either described within a very few years or now 
 for the first time made known. The epistoma varies considerably in outline and to the 
 same extent in our species as has been already noticed in foreign ones. 
 Our species may be arranged as follows : — 
 Thorax narrower than elytra ; supra-orbital ridge distinct. submetallicus. 
 
 Thorax as wide at base as elytra, 
 Thorax dissimilar in % and 9. 
 
 Anterior angles of thorax very acute and more or acutus, 
 
 less prominent. a r u n d i n i s . 
 
 c a n a 1 i c u 1 a t u s . 
 Thorax similar in both sexes. 
 
 Eyes with supra-orbital ridge ; elytra not pubescent. pruinosus. 
 
 Eyes without " " ; elytra pubescent. 
 
264 REVISION" OF THE TENEBKIOXID.E UK AMERICA, 
 
 Elytra emarginate at apex. d en ti g e r. 
 
 Elytra entire at apex. t o m e n t o s u s . 
 
 p 1 u in b ens. 
 E. submetallicus, Lee, Proc. Acad. 7, 224. 
 
 This is the largest as well as the most aberrant of our species. The thorax 
 is narrower at base than the elytra, the sides parallel behind the middle, anteriorly 
 broadly rounded, anterior angles not prominent, but obtuse. The head is sub-quad- 
 rate. The epistoma strongly trilobed, middle lobe rounded and prominent, lateral 
 lobes very prominent and acute with an emargination between them and the middle 
 lobe. The sides of the epistoma in front of the eyes do not converge, and the head 
 thus assumes a more nearly sub-quadrate form than in any other of the species. The 
 eyes are very convex and have a strong supra-orbital ridge. The characters above given 
 seem to l»e sufficient for generic separation. Genera among Tenebrionidae threaten to be- 
 come very numerous, according to the value at present assigned to characters, and I there- 
 fore prefer to indicate as tew as possible consistent with anatomical variations. 
 
 E. acutus, Lee, New Species, :!7:i, p. 108. Texas, Kansas and Mexico, 
 Length .4li-.."i0 inch. 
 
 E. arundinis, Lee, New Species, :!74, p, 108. Middle States, near the coast. 
 Length .4(1 inch. 
 
 E. c anali culat us, Say, Long's Exped. 2, 281. Colorado, New Mexico and Arizona. 
 Length .40-.45 inch. 
 
 These three species have been so thoroughly described and compared, (Lee. loc. cit.) 
 
 that nothing further need be said. The form of epistoma varies sufficiently to enable 
 
 each species to be recognised by it. The middle lobe is most prominent in the first two. 
 
 broadly rounded in the third. The lateral lobes are more prominent in the second and 
 
 least evident in the first ; in all the sides of trout are slightly convergent. The thorax is 
 
 dissimilar in the sexes. In the male the thorax is slightly flattened at the middle of the 
 
 disc, bounded by two slightly elevated ridges, between the ends of which the anterior 
 
 margin of the thorax is emarginate. The anterior angles in all three species are very 
 
 acute and prominent. 
 
 E. pruinosus, rufo-piceous, shining, with scarcely any metallic lustre, elongate oval convex, surface moderately, 
 coarsely ami not densely punctured, elytra! punctures not in stria'. Eyes with supra-orbital ridge limited within by a 
 distinct longitudinal groove. Thorax broader than long; anteriorly, feebly emarginate, angles rectangular, sides 
 feebly rounded from the base, marginal line slightly convex downwards, base feebly sinuate, angles scarcely acute. 
 Beneath, very coarsely and sparsely, abdomen finely and densely punctured, and with a very sparse and short pubes- 
 cence. Length .4S inch. When recent, covered with a line cinereous efflorescence. 
 
 Collected by myself in Owens" Valley, C'al.; Arizona. Coll. Lee. 
 
 A\ ith this species commences a series in which the thorax is similar in both sexes, and 
 
NORTH OF .MEXICO. 265 
 
 the anterior angles of the thorax are less acute and prominent than in the three preceding 
 species. From canaliculatus, with the female of which it may be confounded, it may be 
 readily distinguished by its coarser and less dense punctures, by its color and by the 
 strong supra-orbital ridges with the longitudinal groove within. 
 
 E. dentiger, dark ameous. elongate oval convex, surface not coarsely and very sparsely punctured. Thorax 
 broader than long, narrowed in front, feebly emarginate anteriorly, sides feebly rounded from the base, angles acute, 
 base strongly sinuate. Elytra with cinereous pubescence arranged in irregular patches, apex apparently emarginate, 
 marginal line of elytra not extending to apex, but terminating in a small tooth near it. Base of elytra emarginate 
 and with a faint impression within the humeri. Beneath, finely punctured and sparsely covered with cinereous pu- 
 bescence. Length .40-. 48 inch. 
 
 Not rare at Camp Grant, Arizona, under the bark of mesquit. May readily be dis- 
 tinguished from all the species by the peculiar arrangement of the pubescence, as well as 
 by the apparent eniargination of the elytra (when viewed from above) caused by the ab- 
 rupt termination of the marginal line of the elytra in a small tooth near the apex. 
 
 E. tomentosus, Lee, X. S. 376, p. 100. Florida. Length .40 inch. 
 E. plumb eus, Lee, X. S., 375, p. 109. 
 
 These two species have the thorax much more transverse and with less evident ante- 
 rior angles, than any of the preceding species. From each other they may be readily dis- 
 tinguished by the characters in the table, as well as by those given by their author. 
 E. plumbeus has more rugose elytra than any other species. 
 
 Length .-AG inch. 
 
 Occurs in the Trans-Mississippi region. 
 
 The Epitragi of the whole Western Continent appear to need a thorough revision, no 
 monograph to my knowledge having ever been published. From the small amount of 
 study given to the species foreign to our fauna, the groups appear sufficiently well marked 
 and the species so abundantly distinct, that the task would prove by no means a difficult 
 one to any student with large series of specimens. 
 
 SCHOENICUS, Lee. 
 Sehoenicus, Lee, New Species, p. 109. 
 
 S. puberulus, Lee, loe cit. p. 110. 
 
 The description of this insect has been so recently published, that further comments 
 are unnecessary. 
 Length .34 inch. 
 
 Found in Georgia, Florida, and New Jersey (Cab. Ent. Soc). 
 
 AMERI. PHILOSO. SOC VOL. XIV 61 
 
266 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONID^E OF AMERICA, 
 
 TRIBE IV CNEMODINI. 
 
 Mentum large, completely filling the gular space, lateral processes of gula triangular, 
 applied against sides of mentum. Front with a prominent middle lobe completely con- 
 cealing the labrum. Presternum not produced. Mesosternum short, not prominent be- 
 tween the coxae; coxae entirely enclosed by sterna, trochantin visible. Metasternum long, 
 (body winged) parapleural parallel. Intercoxal process of abdomen acute. Tarsi with 
 two rows of short spine-like hairs. Legs slender, anterior with the apical angle produced 
 and with a single short spur. Antennae 11-jointed, last joint oval acuminate. 
 
 CXEMODTJS, Horn. 
 
 Mentum large, transverse, concealing maxillae and ligula, hexagonal, rounded in front. 
 Labrum concealed. Mandibles deeply cmarginate and with an acute. tooth at tip, and 
 deeply grooved on their outer face. Maxillary palpi short, first joint obconical and larger, 
 second shortest, last oval. Front with a prominent middle lobe, with a reflexed margin 
 and emarginate, sides of front broadly rounded; head short, broader than long, eyes 
 prominent and coarsely granulated. Antennae equalling half the length of body, rather 
 slender, slightly thicker at tip, glabrous; joints nearly equal in length, except eleventh, 
 which is shorter, oval and acuminate at tip ; joints thickened at distal extremity. Thorax 
 slisrhtlv transverse, somewhat narrower than the elytra. Scutelhrm triangular, longer 
 than wide. Epipleurae extending to the tips of elytra, narrow, anteriorly badly defined. 
 Legs slender, tarsi long, slender, exceeding in length their respective tibiae; joints slender, 
 cylindrical, last joint longer. Anterior tibiae flattened, external apical angle prolonged, 
 and with an acute tooth at middle of external edge, and with a single spur. 
 
 With the above characters I define a tribe and genus having nothing known to me, 
 allied to them. In form the unique species resembles Hypselops, Sol., and it is possible 
 that this South American genus should be associated with the one now under considera- 
 tion. So many curious characters are found blended in this insect, that it is really diffi- 
 cult to tell to which most prominence should be given. The legs bear a striking resem- 
 blance to those of some of our Lamellicornia, as Macrodactylus or Dichelonycha. 
 
 C. test a c ens, yellowish testaceous, head obtuse, as long as broad, moderately coarsely punctured between and 
 in front of the eyes. Thorax wider than long, convex, sides broadly rounded, anteriorly feebly emarginate. angles 
 obtuse, posteriorly truncate angles distinct, disc nearly smooth, moderately shining, more coarsely punctured toward 
 the lateral margins. Marginal line scarcely distinct, pronotum almost continuous with the flank. Elytra elongate. 
 subparallel, twice as long as head and thorax, surface shining, and densely aciculately punctured, humeral angles dis- 
 tinct, obtuse. Beneath faintly and sparsely punctured and sparsely clothed with yellowish hairs. Length .32, 
 width .11 inch. 
 
 The whole surface of the body appears to have been, when recent, covered with very 
 short, sparsely placed, sub-erect hairs. Those on the under surface of the body are short. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 267 
 
 sparse and recumbent, except upon the presternum, where they are much longer and 
 erect. For the unique of this interesting species I am indebted to Capt. John E. Hill, of 
 the California Volunteers, to whose industry, exercised under the excessive heat of the 
 Summer at Fort Yuma, I owe many fine species. 
 
 TRIBE V THINOBATINI. 
 
 Body more or less elongate oval, with or without wings. Epistoma broadly rounded, 
 without prominent middle lobe. Mentum large, concealing the parts above. Middle 
 coxa? without trochantin, coxa? enclosed by sterna. Intercoxal process of abdomen acute. 
 Tarsi ciliate beneath. 
 
 As here recognised but two genera constitute the tribe, as ibllows : 
 Anterior tibiae with outer angle prolonged. eurymetopon. 
 
 " u truncate at tip. emmenastus. 
 
 The character made use of by Lacordaire for denning the groups of genera of the tribe, 
 appears to be of no value whatever, species occuring in both our genera with and with- 
 out wings. 
 
 EURYMETOPON, Esch. 
 
 Eurymetopon, Esch., Zool. Atl. IV, p. 8. 
 
 In this genus the apical angle of the anterior tibiae is prolonged and acute, and the 
 eyes have a well defined supra-orbital ridge. 
 Our species are as follows : 
 Margin of front continuous. Winged. rufipes. 
 
 Not winged. c o n v e x i c o 1 le . 
 
 b i c o 1 o r . 
 Margin of front with a slight notch on each side. 
 
 Anterior tibia? scarcely serrate, winged. p u n c t u 1 a t u m . 
 
 s o d a 1 i s . 
 Anterior tibia? distinctly serrate, winged. serratum. 
 
 E. rufipes, Esch., Atlas IV, p. 8; pi. 18, fig. 1; abnorme Lee. Ann. Lye. 5, 138. 
 
 Not rare under mesquit bark, Arizona. 
 
 The synonymy is determined from a duplicate of Eschscholtz's type in the cabinet of 
 Dr. Leconte, who described his species under the impression that rufipes was apterous. 
 Length .30-.35 inch. 
 
 E. convexicolle, Lee. loe. cit. 
 
 Very distinct by its much more robust form, shorter, and apterous. Is not rare under 
 stones everywhere in California. 
 Length .30 inch. 
 
268 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONID.E OF AMERICA, 
 
 E. hi color, elongate oval, convex, head and thorax brownish ferruginous, remainder of body black. Head 
 densely and coarsely punctured, more sparsely near the occiput. Thorax transverse, one-half broader than long', 
 slightly narrower in front, densely and coarsely and at the sides continently punctured; anteriorly feebly emarginate 
 angles not prominent; posteriorly Insinuate angles acute, moderately prominent; sides broadly rounded from the base 
 to apex. Elytra black, oval, closely aciculately punctured in stria;, interstices more finely punctured. Presternum 
 very coarsely and continently punctured, pectus and abdomen coarsely and moderately densely punctured, legs and 
 antenna' ferruginous. Length .26 inch. 
 
 Quite distinct from convexicolle by the characters above given. The hind angles are 
 more acute and prominent than in any other of our species. Specimens rarely occur in 
 which the entire color is black. It is also more robust than the species already referred to. 
 
 E. punctulatum, Lee, N. Spec, 300, p. 105. 
 
 One of the most singular species of the genus in several characters. The penultimate 
 abdominal segment in the male is short and broadly emarginate, as in the other species. 
 The same segment in the female has a deep emargination each side of the middle, leaving 
 a central acute tooth or lobe extending to the middle of the last segment. In this and 
 the following species the line of the front is not continuous. On each side of the front at 
 the termination of the supraorbital ridge, is a slight notch, being in this genus the last 
 trace of the trilobed front seen in all the preceding genera. 
 
 Length .27 inch. 
 
 E. s o d al i s , alate, brown, scarcely shining, elongate oval, head coarsely and densely, thorax less densely punc- 
 tured. Thorax broader than long, sides broadly rounded, scarcely narrower in front, angles obtuse. Elytra aciculately 
 punctured in distinct striae. Beneath very sparsely punctured. Feet, palpi, antenna- and margin of front paler. 
 Length .22-.24 inch. 
 
 Not rare in Owens' Valley, and occasionally found at Fort Yuma, California. 
 
 Differs from the preceding in having the sides of the thorax regularly rounded, scarcely 
 rounded anteriorly, and by the anterior angles being obtuse, as well as in the absence of 
 the peculiar sexual characters of the preceding. 
 
 E. sen- a turn, Lee, N. S. 367, p. 106. 
 
 This species has the anterior tibia? distinctly and, for its size, strongly serrate. 
 Length .12 inch. 
 
 E. o c h r a c e u m , Eseh., loc. cit. 
 
 Is unknown to me. I suspect it to be an immature specimen of convexicolle, Lee. 
 
 EMMENASTUS, Motsch, (emend. Lee.) 
 Emmenastus, Motsch., Bull. Mose. 1845, 1, 75. 
 
 Regarding this genus there may yet be room for some doubt. Mannerheim states 
 that E. rugosus, Motsch., the type of the genus, is merely a specimen of Blapstinus pul- 
 verulentus, while in the cabinet of Dr. Lecontc a specimen of Goniontis subpubescens bears 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 2()9 
 
 the name of E. rugosus, from the hand of Motschulsky. While rejecting the typical 
 
 species to the doubtful list, the genus must be retained, an illustration of the prediction of 
 
 a genus by an author who at the same time commits a specific blunder in doing it. 
 
 Our species thus far known, are as follows : 
 
 "U 'inged species — metasternum long. tcxanns. 
 
 1 o n gulu s. 
 Apterous species — metasternum short. 
 
 Larger species ; fuscous or ferruginous. p u n c t a t u s . 
 
 subopacus. 
 
 p i n g u i s . 
 Small species; black, with paler legs. 
 
 Margin of thorax sub-parallel behind middle; angles 
 
 rectangular. a tor. 
 
 Margin of thorax sinuate near hind angle, angle acute. acutus. 
 " " " rounded and gradually narrowing to 
 
 apex. obesus. 
 
 Margin of thorax rounded, wider at middle, angles 
 
 obtuse. o b t u s u s . 
 
 E. texanus, Lee, N. Spec. 372, p. 108. Texas. Length .30 inch. 
 
 E. longulus, Lee.. Ann. Lye. 5, 138. (Eurymetopon) Southern Cal. and Arizona. 
 
 This species differs from the preceding in having the base of the thorax much less dis- 
 tinctly sinuate, angles more obtuse. The surface of thorax at middle is very sparsely 
 and at the sides continently punctured, while in texanus the surface is densely and very 
 evenly punctured. 
 
 E. punetatus, Lee., N. Spec. 308, p. 106. Lower California. 
 
 Recalls the form of Eurymetopon rufipes. Length .30—37. 
 
 E. subopacus. Elongate oval, subopaque, moderately convex, head densely and coarsely punctured; thorax 
 coarsely and moderately densely punctured, punctures more dense at the sides; wider than long, narrowed in front, 
 anteriorly emarginate, posteriorly truncate, sides feebly rounding from the base, angles obtuse. Elytra distinctly 
 punctured in strke, interstices flat, subopaque and smooth. Beneath paler, prothorax and pectus densely and coarsely 
 punctured, abdomen not coarsely and moderately punctured. Length .35 inch. 
 
 Found at Fort Grant, Arizona, under stones. Third much more convex than punetatus 
 and more elongate and less obese than pinguis. 
 
 E. pinguis. Lee, X. Spec, p. 107. Lower Cal. 
 
 A very robust Coniontis-like form. 
 Length .30 inch. 
 
 E. ater, Lee, Ann. Lye. .">, 130. (Eurymetopon.) California. 
 
 Black, with brownish or ferruginous legs, regularly oval and convex. Thorax with 
 the sides parallel behind the middle and with the angles rectangular. Length .20 inch. 
 
 AMERI. PHILOSO. SOC VOL. XIV. — 08 
 
270 REVISION OF THE TENEBKIONID^E OF AMERICA, 
 
 E. aeutus. Black, subopaipie, elongate oval, convex. Head and thorax densely and coarsely punctured. 
 Thorax broader than lung, narrower at apex, base truncate, sides broadly rounded anteriorly, sinuate near hind angles, 
 which are acute. Elytra oval, punctured in irregular stria;, truncate at base, humeral angles acute and prominent. 
 Beneath coarsely and not densely punctured. Length .19 inch. 
 
 Nebraska, collec. Leconte. Can with difficulty be distinguished from ater except by 
 the margin and angles of thorax. 
 
 E. obesus, Lee, Ann. Lye. .">, p. LJS (Eurymetopoti); cemvexus, Lee, N. Spec. 3, p. 107. 
 
 I unite the above two species, being unable to discover any difference save a little 
 more rounding of the sides of thorax. 
 
 From California, New Mexico and Nebraska. Length .20- 26 inch. 
 
 E. obtusus, Lee, X. Spec, p. 107. 
 
 This is much flatter than any of the smaller species, more elongate and with the sides 
 of the thorax more strongly rounded and narrower at base than middle. 
 Middle California. Length .30 inch. 
 
 E. rugosus, Motsch,, Bull. Mosc. 1 84.">. 1, p. 75. 
 
 Is unknown and the description unrecognisable. 
 
 From Sitkha. 
 
 TRIBE VI BATULIINT. 
 
 Mentum large, concealing ligula but exposing the bases of the maxilla?, and with a 
 broad gular peduncle. Middle coxa? entirely enclosed by sterna, trochantin invisible. In- 
 tercoxal process of abdomen triangular. Legs short, tibial spurs distinct, Tarsi short, 
 spinose beneath. 
 
 I have removed Anepsius from the tribe, as it has the middle coxa? open externally 
 and the trochantin visible. It will lie found in the next sub-family. The single genus 
 Batulius constitutes this tribe, containing but two species. 
 
 BATTJLIUS, Lev. 
 
 Batulius, Lee. Ann. Lye. V. 14S. 
 
 B. set os us. Lee, Ann. Lye. 5. 14S. 
 
 Length .14 inch. 
 
 Occurs in the Deserts of the Gila. 
 
 B. rotundicollis, Lee., Ann. Lye. ."i. 14S. 
 
 These are both small testaceous insects. The former is the larger, more robust and 
 sparsely covered with yellowish hairs. The sides of the thorax are broadly rounded and 
 the disc more convex. In rotundicollis the thorax is shorter, somewhat narrower behind, 
 and less strongly rounded on the sides. 
 
 Length .10 inch. 
 
 Occurs with the preceding. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 271 
 
 TRIBE VII ZOPHERINI. 
 
 Mentum large, barely concealing ligula and maxilla?, inserted on a broad short gular 
 process. Middle coxa? entirely enclosed by sterna, without trochantin. Anterior coxa? 
 widely separated. Tibial spurs very minute. Eyes very finely granulate. Body elon- 
 gate, apterous and covered with asperities. 
 Four genera are comprised in this tribe: — 
 Tarsi sulcate ; ligula concealed. 
 
 Antenna? received in deep grooves. 
 
 Joints 9-11, connate, truncate at tip. zopherus. 
 
 " 10-11, " , pointed " " phlceodes. 
 
 Antennal cavities obsolete behind, antenna? as in Phlceodes. noserus. 
 
 Tarsi not sulcate ; eyes prominent, antenna? not received in grooves. 
 
 Antenna? with joint 10 broader than 9 and 11, and free. phellopsis. 
 
 ZOPHERUS, Be Cast. 
 Zopherus. Cast,. Hist. Nat, Ins., Col. II, p. 205. 
 
 The Zopheri are much more convex than the species of the other genera of this sub- 
 family, and present well defined specific differences among themselves. 
 Six species are known to inhabit our Territories — 
 Elytra quadrituberculate at apex. nodulosus. 
 
 Elytra bituberculate at apex. 
 
 Body above with narrow white marginal band from anterior 
 
 angle of thorax to apex of elytra. e 1 e g a n s . 
 
 Body above entirely black. 
 
 Elytra with smooth elevated tubercles. 
 
 Tubercles round, very convex, approximate and shining, con color. 
 Tubercles round, flattened, distant and subopacpie. guttulatus. 
 
 Tubercles elongate, flattened, moderately shining. t r i s t i s . 
 
 Elytra finely granulate, opaque. o p a c u s . 
 
 Elytra finely punctured, moderately shining. gracilis. 
 
 Z. nodulosus, Sol.,* Ann. Ent. Soc France V— 42. Texas. 
 
 * Since this paper has been placed in the hands of the Society for publication, I have been informed by letter 
 from M. A. Salle, of Paris, that our common Texan species quoted in all American authors as Z. nodulosus, Sol., is 
 not that species, and should receive another name. In a monograph of all the species of Zopherus, prepared but still 
 unpublished, Salle proposes to call it Haldemani. A true specimen of nodulosus, Sol., is now before me, having 
 been sent me by Salle, to whom the type was accessible. Nodulosus is more elongate, less robust and rather less con- 
 vex. The black spots of the thorax are more numerous and cover a larger space without becoming confluent into a 
 large patch, as in haldemani. The black spots of the sutural row are small, elongate oval, distant and not confluent 
 
272 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONID/E OF AMERICA, 
 
 This very beautiful little species may be readily known by the characters above given. 
 The narrow white margin of the elytra is equal to about a third of the width of each ely- 
 tron. The rounded elevated black tubercles contained in this white space are much more 
 distinct than on any other portion of the elytral surface. Toward the suture they become 
 more flattened, their arrangement more confused and their boundaries very poorly defined, 
 so that they appear to range from one unto the other. 
 
 A single specimen collected by D. rainier, in the Canon de Chelly, New Mexico, and 
 kindly placed at my disposal, through the Agricultural Bureau at Washington. 
 
 Occurs in eastern New Mexico, at the base of Rocky Mts. 
 
 Z. concolor, Lee, Ann. Lye. V. 130. 
 
 Z. guttulatus, Horn, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1867-160. 
 
 Southwestern Texas. Coll. Am. Ent. Soc. 
 
 Z. ti'istis, Lee, Ann. Lye. V. 130. Colorado and Gila Deserts. 
 
 Not rare at Fort Grant, Arizona, under loose bark of mesquit. 
 
 Z. niiac us, Horn, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1807-1(11. 
 
 Specimens from Nevada, in my cabinet and that of H. Ulke. 
 
 Z. gracilis, Horn, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1867-161. 
 
 Unique specimen from Fort Whipple, Arizona, in cabinet of Dr. Leconte. 
 
 A monograph of our species may he found in Trans. Ent. Soc. of Philadelphia, l!S(>7, 
 
 pp. 159 if Se(J, 
 
 PHLCEODES, Lee. 
 
 Placodes, Lee, Class. Col. N. A. p. 216. 
 Ageonoma, Pascoe, Journ. Ent. II, p. is?. 
 
 Two species from California belong here. Both are moderately elongate, depressed 
 insects, with surface very coarsely sculptured. 
 
 into a long black stripe, as in haldemani. In the former species the elytra have the black spots between the suture 
 and sides much larger and more numerous, while the similar region not only of the elytra but also of thorax in halde- 
 mani, is in major part white. The white patches of the under surface are larger in nodulosus and occur on each 
 side of the head, presternum, meso and metasternum, and first, second and third abdominal segments. In all cabinets 
 the name Z. haldemani, Salic, should be substituted for that of Z. nodulosus, } Ilald. 
 
 Z. elegans, similar in form to tristis or concolor, but rather more slender; black, subopacpie; thorax longer than 
 broad, broader in front, sides moderately rounded and gradually narrowing to base, surface moderately convex, with 
 sparsely placed distinctly muricate punctures, each bearing a scale-like hair; margins with a narrow white space, in 
 which are included moderately elevated, smooth round black tubercles. Elytra elongate oval, narrower than the 
 thorax, moderately convex and with nine rows of tubercles more confused and less distinct at the suture, and becom- 
 ing more rounded, distinct and distant toward the sides, where there is a narrow band of white containing three of 
 the rows of tubercles. Body beneath black and opaque, very sparsely punctured, each puncture with a scale. 
 
 Length .Oil inch. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 273 
 
 P. diabolicus, (Nosoderma) Ann. Lye. 5-130, and Pacif. R. R. Reports and Surveys IX, Append. 1. pi. 1. fig. 2. 
 
 From California. Abundant at San Jose. Length .6-.8 inch. 
 
 T. pustulosus, Lee., Class. Col. X. A. 216, (Xosoderma); Proc. Acad. 1859-77. 
 
 Differs from the preceding in the much finer granulation of the surface, and by the 
 total absence of the white patches at the humeri and apices of elytra. Both species occur 
 under dead oak bark, pustulosus being very abundant at Tejon. 
 
 Length .60—85 inch. 
 
 NOSERTJS, Lee, 
 
 Xoserus, Lee., Class. Coll. N. Am. 216. 
 
 X. plicatus, Lee, loc. cit. (Nosoderma) Lee, Proc. Acad. 1859-77. 
 
 Xot rare at Fort Tejon, under oak bark. 
 Length .55— .72 inch. 
 
 PHELLOPSIS, Lee. 
 Phellopsis, Lee.. Class. Coll. X. Am. 210. 
 P. porcata, Lee., loc. cit. (Nosoderma) Lee., Proc. Acad. 6-235. 
 
 Occurs abundantly in Oregon. 
 Length .55-62 inch. 
 
 P. obcordata. Lee., Class. Coll. X. Am. 216; (Boletophagns) Kirby, X. Z. 236. Eastern and Middle States 
 and Canada. 
 
 These two species are closely allied and not easy to describe as distinct. Porcata is. 
 however, dark brown, while obcordata is ferruginous brown. Both species may be described 
 as having the following elytral sculpture: 1st. A sutural elevated ridge. 2d. A ridge ex- 
 tending from the base of elytra more or less continuous, terminating in a tubercle. 3d. A 
 short ridge. These are separated from each other by a row of deep perforations. In por- 
 cata the second ridge is continuous and the third not very prominent ; in obcordata, the 
 second ridge is interrupted at its lower half, and consequently not reaching the tubercle, 
 and the third very prominent. .Similar in length to the preceding. 
 
 TRIBE VIII USECHIXI. 
 
 Mentum moderately large, broadly rounded in front and barely concealing the ligula. 
 
 Middle coxa? enclosed by sterna, trochantin not visible. Coxae widely separated. Tarsi 
 
 not sulcate beneath. Antennas eleven jointed ; joints free, last rounded and larger than 
 
 preceding. Antenna! groove marginal, visible from above. Eyes rounded, coarsely 
 
 granulated. 
 
 USECHTJS, Motsch. 
 
 Useclius, Motsch., Bull. Mosc. 1845-1, p. 79. 
 
 U. lacerta, Motsch., loc. cit. Rhagodera tuberculata, Motsch., (nee Mannerheim) Etudes Entom. Ann. V. 
 p. 22. 
 
 Found near Santa Cruz, Cal. Length .20 inch. 
 
 For a fuller account of this insect see Proc. Ent. Soc. 1867-1293. 
 
 AMERI. PHILOSO. SOC. — VOL. XIV 69 
 
'274 REVISION* OF THE TENEBRIONID.E OF AMERICA, 
 
 TRIBE IX STENOSIINI. 
 
 Mentum large, inserted on a gular peduncle, maxillae exposed, ligula partly visible. 
 Trochantin not visible. Coxae moderately separated. Legs feeble, tibial spurs obsolete. 
 Tarsi ciliate. Antennae eleven jointed. Elytra feebly embracing body. Head strongly 
 constricted behind. Eyes divided (in our species), coarsely granulated. 
 
 One genus in our territory belongs to this tribe. 
 
 AR.EOSt'HIZrS, Leo. 
 Arseoschizus, Lee, Ann. Lye. V. 138. 
 
 It is incorrect that the eyes have been said to be entire. They are divided by the 
 side of the head, the larger portion being enclosed between the margin and another lon- 
 gitudinal elevation, while a smaller portion, sometimes of only three or four lenses (in 
 costipennis), is visible beneath. Attention was directed to this by the discovery of a 
 second species in which one-third of the eye is below the margin of the head. 
 
 A. costipennis, Lee.. Ann. Lye. V. 138; Lac. Genera, PI. 40. fig. 4; Thomson, Arcana, PI. XIII. fig. 11. 
 
 Occurs from Vallecito, Cal., to near Fort Cummings, New Mexico. 
 Figured by Lacordaire, Gen. des Coleop., pi. 49, fig. 4 (poor figure). 
 
 A. sulci col lis, light brown, head elongate oval, gradually narrowing behind the eyes, coarsely punctured, 
 each puncture bearing a yellowish scale-like hair, epistoma smoother; thorax longer than broad, smaller and narrower 
 than head, disc coarsely punctured and with yellowish scale-like hairs; slightly channelled longitudinally and with 
 two obtuse elevated ridges bounding the groove; thorax narrower behind, sides anteriorly strongly rounded, poste- 
 riorly sinuate with distinct angles, apex and base truncate; elytra elongate oval, humeral angles not distinct, with 
 four acute costa? on each elytron, interstices flat, with a double row of very coarse punctures; body beneath rather 
 finely punctured and with sparsely placed yellowish scales. Legs with yellowish scale-like hairs. Length .10 inch. 
 
 Collected in Owens' Valley, California, under stones in very dry places, and very fre- 
 quently, though probably merely accidentally, with ants. Very abundant during Spring 
 and Summer. 
 
 Differs from all our other species by the very narrow thorax. Anteriorly the sides 
 are broadly rounded, posteriorly becoming sinuate and narrowing so that the base is one- 
 half smaller than the broadest part of the thorax. The elytra are elongate oval as in cos- 
 tipennis, the costae have a row of recumbent scale-like hairs, the interstices are usually 
 flat, though at times faintly carinate. The elytral costav are four in number (including 
 the sutural), the first and second do not extend to the tip and are unequal in length, the 
 first being longer, the third extends from within the humeri to the apex, the fourth is 
 marginal and unites with the third near the apex. 
 
 A. regularis, dark brown, head rotundate-oval, broadly rounded behind the eyes; thorax longer than broad, 
 scarcely narrower or smaller than the head, disc feebly channelled, anteriorly and posteriorly truncate, sides ante- 
 riorly rounded, gradually narrowing posteriorly. Elytra elongate oval, costate, interspaces Hat with a double row of 
 very coarse punctures. Length .IS inch. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 275 
 
 Fort Grant, Arizona, under stones, not common. In sculpture and the arrangement 
 of the scale-like hairs this species resembles the last, but differs in color and form of head 
 and thorax. 
 
 A. arm at us, dark brown, head oval, rounded and narrowing behind the eyes, and suddenly narrowing to form 
 the neck, with its hind angles moderately distinct; thorax subquadrate, feebly channelled, sides feebly rounded an- 
 teriorly and slightly narrowing behind. Elytra oval, cosUe less distinct, interstices slightly earinated and with two 
 rows of coarse punctures. Anterior femora armed at middle with a small acute tooth, middle femora with a tubercle, 
 posterior femora mutic, Length .10 inch. 
 
 One specimen, Owens' Valley, collected during October, 1862. 
 
 As in the preceding species, the head, thorax, edges of costa?, under surface of body 
 and legs are sparsely covered with the yellowish scale-like hairs. 
 
 The species of this genus seem to be becoming numerous. Doubtless others remain 
 in the unexplored desert regions of the West, to reward any one who has sufficient pa- 
 tience to find stones under which they can find lodgment, and endurance to withstand 
 the heat that has been as high as 125° Fahr. in as protected a place as possible, and 
 during the season too, when Tenebrionida? are most abundant. 
 
 To facilitate the recognition of these species, I add the following table: 
 Femora mutic, unarmed. 
 
 Thorax not channelled on disc. costipennis. 
 
 Thorax with disc grooved. 
 
 Head elongate oval, thorax much narrower behind. sulcicollis. 
 Head rotundate-oval, thorax feebly narrowed. regularis. 
 
 Femora (anterior and middle) armed with a small acute tooth or 
 
 tubercle at middle. a r m a t u s . 
 
 Costipennis, Lee, differs besides by having the hairs on the surface of the body darker 
 in color, and on the edges of the costa? almost erect. The thorax regularly convex and 
 all the angles more distinct. The species are all nearly uniform in size, varying only 
 from .15-18 inch. 
 
 TRIBE X DACODERIXI. 
 
 Mentum large lunate, concealing base of maxillae, ligula exposed. Middle coxa? en- 
 closed by sterna, anterior coxa? contiguous. Antenna? ten-jointed, eyes oval, coarsely granu- 
 lated. Head suddenly constricted behind. Tibial spurs very small, tarsi pubescent. 
 
 DACODERTJS, Lee. 
 
 Dacoderus, Lee, Proc. Acad. 18.58, 74. 
 
 D. striaticeps, Lee, Proc. Acad. 1858-74; Thomson, Arcana, 1, pi. XII, fig. 0. 
 
 A single genus and species constitutes this tribe, remarkable for the contiguity of the 
 
2H) REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONID.E OF AMERICA, 
 
 anterior coxa?. Tlie head is suddenly constricted behind the eyes, partly forming the an- 
 gle. The eves are oval, longitudinal and bounded beneath by the margin of the head. 
 The thorax is strongly constricted at its middle, with a tubercle on each side bridging 
 the constriction and uniting above the parts before and behind it. The elytra are elongate 
 oval, flattened above, emarginate at base, with the angles very distinct; epipleurae narrow. 
 
 Length .18-.20 inch. 
 
 This insect, recalling remarkably the Rhyssodes, is found over a large extent of 
 country, and is probably not rare, specimens being found from Vallecito, Cal., to Fort 
 Grant, Arizona. It usually occurs in small colonies of three or four, under stones in very 
 dry places, and when captured feigns death so persistently that I have never seen one 
 walking. 
 
 There remains but one insect described in this sub-family whose position has been un- 
 accounted for, Dysmathes Sahlbergii, Mann. From the measurements and characters as- 
 signed to this insect, I am inclined to believe it identical with the Amphizoa insolens. 
 Lee., and so stated some months since in a verbal communication to the American Ent. 
 Society. 
 
 Sub-Family II.— ASIDIILL. 
 
 The essential character of this sub-family is, — the middle coxae are not entirely en- 
 closed by the sterna, but are open externally and completed by the parapleune. The 
 The trochantin is here always more or less visible. The tarsi are for the most part spinose, 
 in but one genus silky pubescent (Nyctoporis). 
 
 This sub-family consists in our fauna of six tribes, which may be arranged in the fol- 
 lowing order : 
 
 Labium scarcely visible; 
 
 Anterior tibia' broadly dilated. anepsiini. 
 
 Anterior tibiae slender. 
 
 Tarsi pubescent, spurs minute, gense prominent, nyctoforini. 
 
 Tarsi setose, spurs large, gena; not prominent. cryptoglossini. 
 
 Labrum prominent, in great part visible; 
 
 Intercoxal process of abdomen broad, truncate; 
 
 Mentum large, ligula scarcely visible. ASiniNi. 
 
 Mentum small, ligula lunate exposed. branchini. 
 
 Intercoxal process acute, triangular. coniontini. 
 
 TRIBE XI — ANEPSIINI. 
 Mentum moderate, supported by a short broad gular peduncle, ligula concealed, max- 
 illa' visible. Epistoma rounded in front, labrum entirely concealed. Middle coxa? open 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. '277 
 
 externally. Anterior tibia? broadly dilated with stout spurs, tarsi with spinose hairs be- 
 neath. Antenna? slightly thicker externally. 
 
 ANEPSIUS, Lee. 
 Anepsius, Lee, Ann. Lye. V. i>- 147. 
 A. delioatulus, Lee, Ann. Lye. 5, 147-148. 
 
 A small (.17 inch) insect, with brownish head and thorax and black elytra. The 
 thorax and head are continently punctured, the elytra punctured in stria?. The eyes are 
 almost entirely divided. The under surface and legs are ferruginous. Occurs at Valle- 
 cito (Leconte), and in Owens' Valley, where many specimens were found under stones. 
 
 TRIBE XII XYCTOPORIXI. 
 
 Mentum moderate, supported by a short broad gular peduncle, iigula hardly visible, 
 base of maxilla? exposed, gena? very prominent. Anterior tibise slender, spurs small on 
 all the legs, tarsi silky pubescent beneath. 
 
 NTCTOPORIS, Esch. 
 Nyctoporis, Esch., Zool. Atl. IV, p. 11. 
 
 This genus, only one of the tribe, is remarkable for the vestiture of its tarsi. Its spe- 
 cies appear to be confined exclusively to maritime California, and to the region of the 
 Coast Range. 
 
 Our species are four in number, as follows : 
 Head strongly carinate. 
 
 Thorax with two deep fovea?. c r i s t a t a . 
 
 g a 1 e a t a . 
 Thorax not foveate. carina t a . 
 
 Head not carinate ; thorax not foveate. a? quicollis. 
 
 N. oristata, Esch., Atlas Heft. IV, p. 11, a very rare species. Length .."iO inch. 
 
 N. galeata, Lee, Pacif. R. R. Rep. IX. Append. I, p. 40, pi. 2. fig. 1. 
 
 This species is closely allied to the preceding, and it is very doubtful whether they are 
 distinct. A typical specimen of cristata is in the collection of Dr. Leconte. and we are 
 thus enabled to make perfect comparisons. In both species the elytra are ornamented 
 with acute ridges interrupted, forming rather a series of short elevations or catenulations. 
 The only essential difference between the two species appears to be in these ridges. In 
 cristata they are rather longer, less acute on top and higher than in galeata. The two 
 forms thus appear to differ strikingly at first sight, but an analysis shows but little of spe- 
 cific value, and it is highly probable that other forms from the northern portion of Cali- 
 fornia will unite the two. Found abundantly near San Francisco. 
 Length .50 inch. 
 
 AMERI. PHILOSO. SOC. — VOL. XIV. 70 
 
278 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONID.E OF AMERICA, 
 
 X. carinata, Lee, Ann. Lye. 5-138. 
 
 Differs from the two preceding in the absence of thoracic fovea? and in the elytral 
 sculpture. In this species the elytral costae are alternately continuous and interrupted, 
 the former being higher and crenulate, the latter merely rows of small elevations between 
 the higher costae. 
 
 Not rare in Southern California (Tejon, San Pedro and San Diego). 
 
 Length .50— .62 inch. 
 
 X. sequicollis, Eseh., loc. oit. 
 
 The head is not cristate, the thorax not fuveate, and the elytra ornamented with rows 
 of elongated tubercles less prominent than in any of the preceding species. Not rare at 
 San Francisco and Tejon. 
 
 Length .50 inch. 
 
 TRIHE XIII CRYPTOGLOSSIXI. 
 
 Labrum almost entirely concealed. Lyes reniform. not coarsely granulated. Mentum 
 moderately large, supported by a broad gular peduncle, exposing maxilla? and concealing 
 ligula. Elytra with narrow epipleune and moderately embracing the body. Body apter- 
 ous. Tibia? with moderately long, slender spurs. Tarsi spinous beneath. 
 The genera of this tribe are two in number, and differ as follows : 
 Last joint of antennas oval, acute, scarcely smaller than preceding joint ; 
 
 antenna? scarcely flattened. centrioptera. 
 
 Last joint of antenna? truncate, much smaller than preceding joint ; 
 
 antenna' strongly flattened. CRYPTOGLOSSA. 
 
 I have found it necessary, owing to the discovery of new species, to annex the genus 
 Oochila, Lee, to Centrioptera, the form of mesosternum being a character of scarcely any 
 value in this genus, and the denticulation of the hind thighs of still less; specimens un- 
 doubtedly C. spiculifera, are in my cabinet, with almost entirely smooth thighs, while spe- 
 cimens of Oochila have thighs with rather coarse granules. The degree of rugosity or 
 spiculation of the elytra at its sides, appears to determine the presence or absence of the 
 femoral denticulations, and is consequently not even of specific value. 
 
 CENTRIOPTERA, Mann. 
 Mann. Bull. Mosc. 1843, p. 0-10. Oochila, Lee, Class. Col. N. A., p. 220. Asbolus (part) Lee 
 
 For convenience in recognising our species I add the following table: 
 Elytra with series of more 1 or less evident tubercles becoming spiculate at the sides near 
 apex. Hind thighs within more or less denticulate or granulate. 
 Presternum produced behind the coxa?. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 279 
 
 Head and thorax smooth. 
 
 Mesosternum slightly declivous. 
 
 Mentuin very coarsely punctured, convex at middle, spiculifera. 
 Mentum nearly smooth, with a longitudinal median 
 
 ridge. m uric a t a . 
 
 Mesosternum and metasternum exactly on same plane. asperata. 
 Head and thorax very coarsely punctured. variolosa. 
 
 Prosternum not produced, truncate ; elytra scarcely spiculiferous. s e r i a t a . 
 Elytra striato-punctate, not at all spiculiferous, prosternum produced, 
 hind thighs distinctly granulate within. (Thorax broader than 
 long.) i n f au s t a . 
 
 O. spiculifera, Lee, Proc. Acad. 1861-337. 
 
 Our largest species, distinguished from muricata by the greater development of the 
 spicula? at the sides of the elytra near the apex, and by the difference in sculpture ot 
 mentum. The mentum is very coarsely and even continently punctured, and broadly 
 convex along the median line, bounded on each side by an oblique shallow groove. This 
 sculpture of mentuin seems to distinguish from the succeeding species, individuals as small 
 and as smooth as that species usually presents. 
 
 I believe this species to be identical with that of Mannerheim (caraboides), but cannot 
 settle the question definitely without a type of that species or some fuller description. 
 
 Not rare on the peninsula of Lower California. 
 
 Length 1.08 inch. 
 
 C. muricata, Lee, Ann. Lye. 5-142. 
 
 Resembles the preceding, but is smaller and with much less developed spicula?. The 
 mentuin is smooth and with but k\v very distant large punctures, and with a longitudinal, 
 more or less acute, median ridge. 
 
 Occurs not very commonly on the Deserts of the Colorado and Gila rivers. One spe- 
 cimen from Lower California. 
 
 Length .55—95 inch. 
 
 C. asperata, black, moderately shining, elongate; head coarsely but not densely punctured. Thorax longer 
 than broad, emarginate anteriorly, truncate posteriorly, sides broadly rounded, slightly narrowed behind, angles sub- 
 acute, disc moderately convex, smooth and a few coarse punctures near the sides; elytra elongate oval, flattened on 
 the disc, very declivous posteriorly, base truncate, humeral angles not prominent, ornamented with series of elevated 
 tubercles, more or less acute on the disc, becoming more acute but scarcely separate posteriorly. Mentum evenly 
 convex, very coarsely punctured. Hind thighs with a few coarse granules. Prosternum produced, broadly rounded 
 at tip. Mesosternum flat beneath, vertical and emarginate in front. 
 
 Length .70 inch. 
 
 Collected by Mr. Wm. M. Gabb, on the peninsula of Lower California, but one speci- 
 men obtained. 
 
'280 REVISION OF THE TEXEBRK t.VID.K OF AMERICA, 
 
 This species and the succeeding hear a remarkable resemblance to the figure of Cryp- 
 toglossa bicostata, Ann. Sue. Entom. \ .. pi. 24, fig. 13, less the two costre of that species. 
 
 C. variolosa, black, sub-opaque. Head very coarsely and in front densely punctured. Thorax as broad as 
 long, emarginate in front, truncate behind, sides broadly rounded, slightly narrowed behind, angles rectangular, disc 
 feebly convex, very coarsely punctured, becoming' more dense at the sides and base. Elytra elongate oval, truncate 
 at base, moderately convex above, declivous behind, surface with regular series of elevated smooth tubercles, becom- 
 ing rather more acute posteriorly, but not spiculate. Hind femora feebly granulate and coarsely punctured within. 
 Mentum convex at middle with an oblique groove each side, and very coarsely and continently punctured. Fro- and 
 mesosternum as in the preceding species. Length ..SO inch. 
 
 Rather common at Fort Grant. Arizona. Numerous specimens were collected by my- 
 self during the Winter of 1<S65. 
 
 C. seriata, Lee, (Cryptoglossa) Pine. Acad. 1861, 337. OocJiila seritrta, Lee. List. Col. N. Am. Smith- 
 sonian Collec. 140, p. 59. 
 
 Differs from our other species by the truncate presternum and the nearly smooth fem- 
 ora. Mentum coarsely but not densely punctured. It cannot be separated from Centri- 
 optera, and is but one link of the chain that will at no very distant day unite this genus 
 with ( 'ryptoo'lossa. 
 
 Not rare in bower California. Collected abundantly by Mr. Wm. M. Gabb. 
 
 Length .75— .86 inch. 
 
 C. infa usta. Lee. (Asbolus) Proc. Acad. VII, H4. Oochila infamta, Lee. List. p. 159. 
 
 The most robust and least convex of the species of the genus, resembling strongly our 
 species of Cryptoglossa, particularly Icevis, bee. The elytra are not tuberculate, the hind 
 femora are very coarsely granulate within, the presternum produced. The mentum is 
 coarsely and sparsely punctured, with a slight depression in front. 
 
 A single specimen from Texas. Length .80 inch. 
 
 C. caraboides, Mann., Bull. Mosc. 1843-280, figured in (iucrin Mcnev. Magaz. d. Zool. Ins. 1843, pi. 126. 
 
 This species is unknown to us. It is very probable that spiculifera, bee. is identical 
 with it. 
 
 CRYPTOGLOSSA, Sol. 
 Cryptoglossa, Sol, Ann. So,'. Entom. V.. 680. 
 C. verrucosa. Lee, (Asbolus) Ann. Lye 5-129; Lae (Crypt.) Gen. Col. V., 138. 
 
 Opaque, elytra with series of elevated tubercles. 
 Abundant along the Gila, under dead Yucca. 
 Length .05-.90 inch. 
 
 C. lae vis, Lee, (Asbolus) loe cit.; Lae (Crypt.) loe cit. 
 
 Smooth, shining. Elytra entirely smooth. Not rare at Fort Yuma, Cal, under logs 
 and stones. 
 
 •Length .65-.70 inch. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 281 
 
 At no very distant day this genus and the preceding will have to be united. The 
 only character separating- them having proven to be of trifling value among the Asidini. 
 C'entrioptera infausta has already afforded a link uniting the forms of the species of both 
 genera 
 
 TRIBE XIV ASIDINI. 
 
 Mentum large, more or less completely hiding the parts above it, supported or not by 
 a gular process. Epistoma short, mandibles and labrnm exposed. Last joint of maxillary 
 palpi triangular and securiform. Antenna? eleven-jointed, with the last joint smaller than 
 the preceding. Middle cox;c usually with distinct trochantin. Intercoxal process of ab- 
 men obtuse, not triangular. Legs moderate, tarsi setose but not sulcate beneath. 
 
 The genera of our fauna may be considered as representing two distinct sub-tribes, as 
 follows : 
 
 Middle coxae not enclosed by the sterna, angulate externally, and with a 
 
 very distinct trochantin. ASIDI. 
 
 Middle coxa? closed by the sterna, rounded, trochantin very small or 
 
 wanting. astroti. 
 
 A third sub-tribe is noticed by Lacordaire, containing the genus Macula, differing 
 abundantly from either of the above tribes in the presence of grooves on the under surface 
 of the thorax for the reception of the antenna?. 
 
 SUB-TRIBE I ASIDI. 
 
 Two genera constitute this tribe in our fauna : 
 Indexed portion of elytra narrow, composed entirely of epipleura. microschatia. 
 
 Indexed portion of elytra wide; epipleura? very narrow and indistinct, asida. 
 
 In Asida the epipleura? are generally very indistinctly defined, while in Microschatia 
 the suture is indicated by a well defined ridge forming the elytra! margin. 
 
 MICROSCHATIA, Sol. 
 Microschatia, Sol., Ann. Soc. Ent. V., 774. 
 
 Three species compose this genus and are defined as follows : 
 Thorax narrower at base than at middle, and with median basal im- 
 pression ; elytra oval. 
 Elytra with series of coarse punctures, thorax smooth. punctata. 
 
 Elytra rugose, thorax coarsely and confluently punctured. ina?qualis. 
 
 Thorax as broad at base as at middle, sides of elytra parallel in front, 
 humeral angles distinct. 
 Elytra sulcate, thorax smooth. sulcipennis. 
 
 AMERI. PHILOSO. SOC. — VOL. XIV. — 71 
 
282 REVISION OF THE TEXEBRIOXID.E OF AMERICA, 
 
 M. punctata, Sol., Ann. Six-. Entom. V., p. 475; pi. 11, fig. 32. 
 
 Fur several specimens of this species I must acknowledge my indebtedness to Mr. 
 Win. M. Gabb, by whom they were collected on the peninsula of Lower California. 
 Length .62—82 inch. 
 
 II, insequalis, Lee, Ann. Lye. V., p. 129. Lacord. Gen., pi, 51, fig. ."i. Puncticollis, Lee, (loc. cit.-) 
 
 I unite the two species of Dr. Leconte, there being no characters on which to separate 
 them. The latter form is, however, smoother, the rugosities of the elytra less defined, a 
 character of but little value, as may be seen by examining other genera of the family 
 (Phlceodes and Centrioptera), where age and locality cause the same species to vary 
 greatly in this respect. M. inaequalis is not rare at San Diego, and occurs at Tejon and 
 various places along the coast range. Puncticollis is from AVarner's ranche, near the bor- 
 ders of the Colorado desert. 
 
 Length .60—65 inch. 
 
 M. sulcipennis, Lee, Journ. Acad., Scries IT. vol. IV. p. 18. 
 
 Differs notably from the preceding species, and might with great propriety, according 
 to the hitherto received rules, form a new genus. I prefer, however, to retain it in the 
 genus in which it was placed by its author. The hind angles of the elytra are acute and 
 overlap the rectangular humeral angles of the elytra. Its form is consequently near that 
 of Asida opaca. From Llano Estacado, Texas. 
 
 Length .60 inch. 
 
 ASIDA, Latr. 
 
 Asida, Latreille, Hist. Nat. Crust, et Ins. X., p. 269. 
 Pelecyphorus, Sol., Ann. Soc. Entom. V., p. 467. 
 Euschides, Lee, Ann. Lye V.. p. 1'37. 
 Philolithus, Lac, Genera des Coleop. V.. 157. 
 
 Under the older name of Latreille, it is proposed to assemble all the species of Asidini 
 in which the trochantin of the middle coxae is plainly visible, the antennae not received 
 in thoracic grooves, and eleven-jointed. 
 
 After a very careful study of our own and all the foreign species accessible to me, the 
 differences between the genera as given by Lacordaire and Sober, have vanished com- 
 pletely, so that while we have among typical Asides a very distinct prolongation of the ex- 
 ternal apical angle of the anterior tibiae, and among the species referred to Philolithus a 
 total want of such prolongation, numerous intermediate forms occur in our fauna to which 
 it would be difficult to assign a place in either genus. Instead, therefore, of erecting 
 these into genera as numerous as the species, (as has been too often done already) the 
 more conservative plan of uniting all with one genus has been pursued. The presence or 
 absence of prominent hind thoracic angles has also had undue importance assigned to it. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 283 
 
 The genus Asida must, according to the view here adopted, be considered as one of. 
 those polymorphous genera, many of which are already known in the family, with species 
 differing among themselves in characters of vastly less moment than those found among 
 our species of Eleodes, as will be seen hereafter. 
 
 A. opaca, Say, Journ. Acad. Ill, 254. (Euschidss) Lee, Ann. Lye. V., 127; Smithson. Contrib. 4to, 1859. 
 PI. 1, fig. 9. 
 
 Abundant along the eastern base of Rocky Mts. 
 
 Oval, opaque, humeral angles of elytra prominent, hind angles of thorax acute. Elytra 
 with very indistinct, irregularly confluent elevations. 
 Length .50-68 inch. 
 
 A. lirata, (Lee.) Proe Acad. 7, 223. (Asida) Lee., List Col. N. A. Arizona. 
 
 Same form as opaca. Each elytron with 6 longitudinal costee on the disc, one sutural, 
 and each with a marginal ridge. 
 Length .60 inch. 
 
 A. polita, Say, Joum. Acad. Ill, 255. 
 
 Found with opaca. Form as in cjpaca, hind angles of thorax rectangular. Elytra 
 smooth, shining. Length .60 inch. 
 
 A. sordid a, (Pelecyph.) Lee., Proe. Acad. G-446. Smithson. Contrib. 4to, 1859, pi. 1, fig. 11. 
 
 The figure cited represents rather a robust form of the species. The hind angles of 
 the thorax are acute and prominent, the disc very coarsely punctured. The elytra have a 
 marginal acute ridge, and two on each elytron becoming confluent a short distance from 
 the apex, the interstices being transversely wrinkled. As varieties of the species I add the 
 following : 
 
 P. c o s t i p e n n i s, Lee, Journ. Acad. 2d Ser. 4-20. 
 
 Differs from the preceding only in having the costa? of the elytra better defined and 
 the hind angles of the thorax rather more acute. 
 
 P. insBq.ua lis, Lee, Journ. Acad. 2d Ser. 4-19. 
 P. seger, Lee, " " " " 
 
 These two are smoother than the typical sordida. They cannot be regarded as spe- 
 cifically distinct. Sordida and its varieties are all from eastern New Mexico and the ad- 
 jacent regions to the eastward. 
 
 A. se grot a, (Pelecyph.) Lee, Proe Acad. 18G1-337. 
 
 Thorax as long as broad, narrower behind, sides sinuate posteriorly, base emarginatc, 
 angles acute, prominent. Elytra similar in form to sordida, but more attenuate at apex, 
 and more suddenly declivous, sides margined, disc with but one costa on each elytron, 
 extending from near middle of base to two-thirds length of elytron and ending in an 
 acute spine. The interstices between are as in sordida. Abundant in Lower California. 
 
 Length .90 inch. 
 
OS4 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONID.E OF AMERICA. 
 
 A. m orb ill os a, (Pelecyph.) Lee, Proc. Acad. 1858, p. 74. 
 Philolithus id., Lac. Genres. Vol. V., p. 725. 
 
 Resembles the preceding. The humeri of the elytra are toothed. The thorax is 
 truncate behind with rectangular angles. The elytra are sculptured as in the preceding. 
 The costa does not, however, end in a spine. Some specimens from Lower California 
 differ from this type in the form of the thorax, being loss convex along the middle and 
 more nearly resembling the outline of cegrota. The humeral angles are dentiform as in 
 morUUosa. I do not feel warranted in describing it as distinct, but think it points to a 
 union of a'grota and morhlllosa, and when the desert regions of the California peninsula 
 shall have been more thoroughly explored, intermediate firms will doubtless be found. 
 
 Length .75 inch. 
 
 A. actuosa, black opaque, head opaque, finely granulate; thorax quadrate, broader than long, sides moder- 
 ately rounded, margin finely crenulate, anteriorly emarginate, angles acute, posteriorly nearly truncate, angles rec- 
 tangular, above coarsely punctured along the margin, finely granulate on the disc. Elytra, rounded, oval, very convex 
 above, opaque finely and sparsely granulate, humeri denticulate, sides margined, disc with one costa near the middle 
 of each elytron, concave externally and extending two-thirds the length of elytra, frequently with another obsolete 
 eosta. within and between it and the suture. Beneath opaque finely punctured. Length .58-.9S inch. 
 
 From Owens' Valley, California. Collected by myself ami Dr. Cronkhite. 
 
 This species, like all the others 'A' the genus, is variable. In females or those much 
 inflated, the denticulation of the humeri of elytra is lost. Others collected at Fort Tejon, 
 have perfectly smooth and shining elytra, though preserving the characteristic costa' and 
 losing the opacity as well as the granules of the elytra. Those collected by myself in 
 Owens 1 Valley were found in the Winter months, while the weather was very cold. 
 Those of Tejon are Summer specimens, and the weather excessively warm. Until re- 
 cently, 1 have considered both varieties as distinct species. 
 
 A. seiu i lie vis, black opaque, elongate oval. Head coarsely and sparsely puncture. 1. Thorax sub-quadrate, 
 moderately convex, coarsely, sparsely and unevenly punctured, sides moderately rounded, posteriorly feebly sinuate. 
 anteriorly emarginate, angles not prominent, l>asc truncate, angles rectangular. Elytra elongate oval, convex, with a 
 distinct marginal costa. base truncate, angles distinct, disc with six parallel moderately elevated costae, surface between 
 suture and first costa sinning, between first costa and margin opaque. Beneath opaque, coarsely and sparsely punc- 
 tured. Length .90 inch. 
 
 Collected by Mr. Win, M, Gabb, in western Nevada. The arrangement of the coshe 
 of this species is very peculiar. They tire moderately elevated, perfectly parallel to the 
 suture and extend three-fourths of the length of the elytra. The first costa arises from 
 the base slightly within the angles of the thorax; the second on a line of the humeri of 
 the elytra, but at some little distance from it ; the third arises from the marginal costa at 
 about one-fifth from the humeral angle. This species commences the divergence from the 
 robust form resembling somewhat that of confluens (infra). 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 285 
 
 A. carinata, (Pelecyph.) Leo., Ann. Lye. 5-128; Thomson, Arcana 1, pi. XII, fig. 1. 
 Philolithus carinatus, Lac. Genres Vol. V., p. 158, pi. 51, fig- 4. 
 
 Collected by Dr. Leconte at San Felipe, Cal. The figure given by Lacordaire seems 
 to give an idea of the form of this species. 
 Length .65-80 inch. 
 
 A. bifurca, (Pelecyph.) Lee.. Proc. Acad. 1861-337. 
 
 From Cape San Lucas, Lower California, The elytra are very feebly transversely 
 convex, and have on each a triple series of very short hairs arranged in the interspaces of 
 series of confusedly placed punctures. Length .73 inch. 
 
 A. connivens, (Pelecyph.) Lee, New Species, p. 140. 
 
 Closely related to the preceding species. It is doubtful whether it is really distinct, 
 though I retain it as such until a full series shows its identity beyond doubt. Cape San 
 Lucas. Cabinet of Mr. H. Like. Length .40 inch. 
 
 A. conflnens, (Pelecyph.) Lee, Ann. Lye. 5-128. Philolithus confluens, Lac. Genres 5, 158. 
 
 Thorax with a distinct slightly reflexcd thick margin. Marginal costa of elytra dis- 
 tinct, another starting from near the humerus and extending three-fourths the length of 
 the elytra. Humeral angles distinct. Length .75-.90 inch. Colorado desert and 
 eastward. 
 
 A. parallela, (Pelecyph.) Lee., Ann. Lye. 5, 128. Philolithus parallelus, Lac. Genres 5-158. 
 
 Similar in form to the preceding. Light brown, shining. Humeral angles of elytra 
 rounded, marginal costa acute, nearly reaching the apex; another short costa parallel 
 with the margin, and a short distance from it extending through the middle two-thirds of 
 the length of the elytra. The sides of the elytra are very feebly rounded. Thorax with 
 distinct slightly reflexed margin. Vallccito, California. Length .60 inch. 
 
 A. sexcostata, (Pelecyph.) Lee, Proc. Acad. 1801, 337. 
 
 Similar in form to the preceding; the elytra are, however, more nearly oval and the 
 side of thorax more strongly rounded, and with the hind angles more evident. The elytra 
 have an acute margin and two costa? on the disc of each, of which the inner is much the 
 longer. From Cape San Lucas. 
 
 Length .50 inch. 
 
 A. obsoleta, (Pelecyph.) Lee, Ann. Lye 5-128. Philolithus obsoletus, Lac. Genres 5-158. 
 
 Similar in outline to bifurca. The thorax is, however, nearly flattened above, rather 
 declivous in front, and with a transverse impression at base. The elytral margin is very 
 distinct, There is a second short costa parallel with the margin and very close to it, and 
 occupying the middle third of the length of the elytra. 
 
 Collected at Warner's ranche, California, (borders of Colorado desert). 
 
 Length .70 inch. 
 
 AMERI. PIIILOSO. SOC. — VOL. XIV. — 72 
 
?86 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONIDJE OF AMERICA, 
 
 A. muricatula, (Pelecypli.) Leo., Ann. Lye. 5-129. Philolitlius muricatulus, Lao. Genres V., 158. 
 
 Closely resembling the preceding in outline and structure of thorax, both have the 
 margin rather acute and slightly rerlexed. There is no other than the marginal costa. 
 The elytra are covered rather sparsely with erect short yellow hairs. The legs are not 
 hairy. Found at San Uiego by Dr. Leconte, and at Los Angelos by Mr. Gabb. 
 
 Length .45 inch. 
 
 A. hi r sut a, (Pelecypk.) Lee., Ann. Lye. 5-127. Philolitlius hirsutus, Lac. Genres V., 158. 
 
 Similar in outline to parallela. Thorax with an acute margin. Sides of elytra rounded, 
 without marginal costa. The whole surface is clothed with erect yellowish-white pubes- 
 cence. The legs are also hairy. 
 
 Found in the Colorado desert, Length .(!0 inch. 
 
 A. kispidula, (Pelecypli.) Lee.. Ann. Lye. 5-127. 
 
 Philolitlius hispidulus, Lac. Genres V., 158. 
 
 Marginal line of elytra obtuse, elytra regularly oval, humeri rounded. Thorax broader 
 than long, sides rounded ; anteriorly emarginate with acute angles, base truncate, angles 
 distinct, not prominent. Surface sparsely clothed with very short hairs. Color usually 
 dark brown. Found in Colorado and Maricopa deserts. 
 
 Length .50 inch. 
 
 A. luctata, black, opaque, elongate oval. Head very sparsely punctured. Thorax one-third broader than 
 long, rather widely and acutely margined, disc very feebly convex, sparsely punctured at middle, more coarsely and 
 densely at the margin, sides strongly rounded, sub-annulate at middle, apex deeply emarginate, angles acute and 
 prominent, base Insinuate, angles obtuse. Elytra elongate oval, without marginal costa, humeral angles rounded, 
 surface very faintly sub-tricostate. Prosternum truncate. Length .68 inch. 
 
 I place this species near angulatus, from the similarity in outline, particularly of the 
 thorax, and from the absence of any elvtral marginal ridge. It is, however, very distinct 
 from any of our species, by the characters given. 
 
 Occurs very rarely in Owens' Valley, Cal. 
 
 A. angulata, (Pelecypli.) Lee.. Ann. Lye. 5-127. Philolitlius angulatus, Lac. Genres 5-158, pi. 50, fig. 3. 
 
 Found heretofore only at San Diego, Cal. 
 Length 1.1 inch. 
 
 A. lecontei, Horn, Proe. Ent. Soc. Sept. 10th, 1866, verbal remarks. 
 Pelecypli. costipennis || Lee, Proc. Acad. 1859, p. 76. 
 
 The thorax of this species is much broader than long, with the sides evenly rounded 
 and with acute margins. The elytra are elongate oval, frequently (especially in %) sub- 
 parallel and witli the sides nearly vertical. Each elytron has two distinct costa? between 
 the marginal and sutural. In some broadly oval 9 ? there is a third costa between the 
 marginal ridge and the first dorsal costa. The species is, however, very variable. A va- 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 287 
 
 riety occurs in Tulare Valley, Cal., at the base of the hills on which the typical form is 
 found, in which the thorax and elytra are much more smooth and the costa? of the elytra 
 represented by very faint longitudinal ridges ; as a variety it may be known as A. com- 
 pressa, though, as in the rough and smooth forms of costi pennis, I prefer to consider 
 it merely a local variety. I have seen specimens evidently belonging to this species, much 
 more robust and with the sculpture even more strongly marked. These are from Arizona 
 and in the cabinet of Mr. H . Ulke. 
 Length .60-.90 inch. 
 
 A. captiosa, black, shining, similar in form to A. lecontei, and differing as follows: 
 
 Head very finely and sparsely punctured, thorax more convex, less margined and scarcely punctured. Elytra 
 elongate oval, margin broadly rounded, disc entirely smooth and without trace of cosfae. Length .00-.80 inch. 
 
 I have doubts whether this should be considered distinct from Lecontei. It appears to 
 be merely a variety, the result of a still further continuance of that obliteration of sculpture 
 seen in the variety of tin 1 preceding species called compressa. Doubtless intermediate 
 forms will some day be discovered warranting the union of this species with lecontei. 
 
 Specimens in my cabinet are from both sides (East and Vest) of the Tulare, several 
 hundred miles northward of Fort Tejon. 
 
 A. punc ti colli s, (Euschides) Lee, New Spec. p. Ill, No. 379. 
 
 A very robust species, with elongate oval, very convex, smooth elytra, with a faint 
 marginal ridge. The thorax is broader than long, very convex, coarsely and densely 
 punctured, and sides strongly rounded and the margin distinct, sub-acute. 
 
 Specimens have been collected in Oregon. 
 
 Leno-th .78 inch. 
 
 b' 
 
 A. conso b l'ina, black, opaque, very robust, head coarsely punctured, thorax one-half broader than long, 
 feebly convex, coarsely and densely punctured, and the disc confluently punctured at the margin, sides broadly 
 rounded, margin moderately broad; anteriorly emarginate, angles acute, posteriorly feebly rounded, angles distinct, 
 not prominent. Elytra broadly obovate, very convex, margin scarcely evident, humeral angles distinct, not promi- 
 nent, base feebly emarginate; surface faintly and obscurely rugose. Length .00 inch. 
 
 This is one of our most robust species, resembling the preceding somewhat in general 
 appearance. As compared with pwicticollis, it is very much shorter and more robust, the 
 thorax less convex and punctured, and with sides more broadly rounded, and with margin 
 much broader. The elytra are very broadly oval, convex, and suddenly declivous behind, 
 and very obtuse at apex. The base of the thorax is broadly rounded, the rounding start- 
 ing within the hind angles and not from the angles themselves. 
 
 A. convexa, (Euschides) Lee., Smithson. Contr. Col. Ks. & N. M., p. 14, pi. 1, fig. 10. 
 
 In this species the marginal line of the elytra is obsolete, except a very short carina at 
 the humerus. The thorax is broader than long, moderately convex, very feebly punctured, 
 margin distinct though narrow, side moderately and base feebly rounded. Elytra elongate 
 
288 REVISION OF THE TEXEBRIONID.E OF AMERICA, 
 
 oval, broader behind the middle, moderately convex and gradually declivous behind, the 
 base is feebly emarginate, angles not prominent. From Arizona and New Mexico. 
 Length .85 inch. 
 
 A. obovata, (Euschides) Leo., Ann. Lye. V. 127. 
 
 Differs from the preceding in having the elytra much more broadly expanded behind 
 the middle, with acute rather prominent angles. The margin of the elytra is rounded and 
 indistinct. It is probable that future discoveries will unite the preceding species with 
 this one. 
 
 Length .85 inch. 
 
 A. convexioollis, (Euschidjs) Lee, Proc. Acad. 7, 334. 
 
 Differs from both the preceding species in the very narrow thoracic margin, and by 
 the greater convexity of the thorax, as well as the less breadth, as compared with the 
 length. The elytra are similar to those of convexa, and has distinct though not prominent 
 humeral angles. 
 
 Rather common in Arizona. 
 
 A. marginata, (Pelecypli.) Lee., Ami. Lye V. 128; rimutus, Lee, Proc. Acad. 7, 22:1; PlrilolitJius rimatus, 
 Lac. Genera V. 158. 
 
 One of our largest and at the same time a very variable species. 
 
 Three varieties may lie more especially noticed : 
 
 Marginata, surface sparsely and rather finely punctured, thoracic margin less strongly 
 punctured and crenulate. Elytra with an acute margin not extending to the apex. 
 
 Rimata, surface of elytra very coarsely and deeply punctured, thoracic margin very 
 strongly punctured and crenulate, disc convex. Marginal line of elytra acute and extend- 
 ing usually beyond three-fourths of their length. As compared with marginatus this spe- 
 cies is broader, and the elytra broader and less convex. 
 
 Subcylindrica, thorax as in rimata; elytra elongate, strongly rounded on the sides, 
 sub-cylindrical and with a very short humeral carina ; surface smooth, very finely 
 punctured. 
 
 In all these forms the thorax is broader than long, sides strongly rounded and with a 
 flattened margin more or less crenulate. The disc is convex. The base is broadly lobed 
 at middle and with a broad impression opposite the scutcllum. 
 
 All these forms inhabit the desert regions bordering the Gila River of Arizona. 
 
 Length 1.00-1. '20 inch. 
 
 A. gibbieollis, black, sub-opaque. Thorax broader than long, strongly gibbous, margin bread, thickened 
 ami reflexed in front, gradually narrowing to base, apex deeply emarginate, angles acute, base rounded, and with 
 three deep impressions, one scutellar and one on each side; elytra broadly oval, marginal carina distinct, base trun- 
 cate, angles distinct. Length .S5-1.00 inch. 
 
 A \ery distinct species, recalling the form of some of the Microschatia? by the strong 
 
NORTH OF .MEXICO. 289 
 
 impressions along the basal margin of the thorax. The median impression is rather deep 
 and rounded on each side by an elevation. The margin of thorax is slightly turned up- 
 ward, more distinctly so near the anterior angles. The base of elytra is truncate and 
 the angles distinct, not prominent. 
 
 Collected by Mr. Gabb it) the peninsula of Lower California. 
 
 A. elata, (Pelecyph.) Lee, Proc. Acad. 0, 445; (Philolithus) Lac. Genera V.. p. 158; Pelecyph. difformis, 
 Leo., Proc. Acad. 7, 723; (Philolithus) Lac, loc. cit.: Thomson, Arcana 1. pi. XII, fig. 7. 
 
 This species is remarkable in the curious form of its thorax. Sides of thorax strongly 
 angulate and margined, margin broadest at the angulation, rapidly narrowing to the an- 
 terior angles, which are dentiform ; behind the angulation the margin is very feeble and 
 the sides are rather feebly sinuate to the hind angles ; apex of thorax feebly emarginate, 
 base nearly truncate, with angles rectangular. The margin of the thorax is in some specimens 
 rather strongly reflexed, so that the disc becomes concave. The disc is nearly smooth, 
 the margin very strongly and densely punctured. The elytra are elongate oval, nearly 
 twice as long as broad, not acutely margined, feebly convex and with shallow longitudinal 
 grooves. Along- the suture the elvtra are reddish brown, recalling the color seen in many 
 Eleodes. 
 
 This species is distributed from Oregon to Texas. 
 
 Length 1.00-1.25 inch. 
 
 SUB-TRIBE II ASTROTI. 
 
 The two genera constituting this sub-tribe have been separated from the other genera 
 of Asidini on account of the form of the middle coxa?. In the species of the preceding 
 sub-tribe, the middle coxa? are strongly angulate, externally closed by the parapleural and 
 allowing the trochantin to become very distinctly visible. In these genera, on the con- 
 trary, the coxal cavities are nearly rounded, closed by the sterna, and the trochantin if at 
 all visible is very minute. The buccal cavity is also more completely closed by the men- 
 turn, against which the sides of the gula tit accurately, not allowing the maxillae to be- 
 come visible. The ligula is completely hidden. Two genera constitute this sub-tribe, as 
 follows : 
 
 Antenna? slender, joints longer than broad, apex of presternum deflexed; 
 
 trochantin very small. ologlyptus. 
 
 Antenna? with joints broader than long, apex of presternum prominent ; 
 
 trochantin not visible. ASTROTUS. 
 
 OLOGLYPTUS, Lac. 
 Ologlyptus, Lacordaire, Genera V., p. 158. 
 Pactostoma, Lee, Journ. Acad. X'. P. IV., p. 19. 
 
 (Without any other characters than those given in a table.) 
 
 AMERI. PHILOSO. SOC VOL. XIV. — 73 
 
290 REVISION OF THE TEXEliKIOXID.E OF AMERICA, 
 
 0. anastomosis, Say. (Asida) Journ. Acid. III. 236; Lie. (Ologlyptus) loc. '-it., pi. 52, fig. 0; Lee, (Pactos- 
 
 t'HKI I 1 • > L- . fit. 
 
 The figure given by Lacordaire, though inaccurate in many respects, will serve to give 
 the student a tolerably exact representation of the species, and with the generic descrip- 
 tion given leaves nothing to he desired. 
 
 Not abundant. Occurs in Colorado and Kansas. 
 
 Length .50-60 inch. 
 
 ASTROTTJS, Lee. 
 
 Astrotus, Lee, Class. Col. X. A.. \>. 001. 
 
 Abundantly distinct from any of our Asidini. in the total absence of trochantin to the 
 middle coxa?. In this ganus there appear many points of structure recalling those Molu- 
 rini allied to Sspitlium, where we also find genera witli the same structure of middle 
 coxal cavities, and it is probable that in these genera must be sought the links uniting 
 the now isolated Zopherini with the neighboring tribes. 
 
 A. eontortus, Lee., Class. Col. X. A., p. 001; Lee., (Microschatia) Proc. Acad. II, 44G. 
 
 Color, dark brown, densely clothed with strongly adherent dark gray scaly coating. 
 Head deeply inserted, lateral sutures between clypeus and front deeply impressed. Thorax 
 broader than long, feebly convex, with two feeble longitudinal ridges separated by a me- 
 dian shallow groove ; apex emarginate, base feebly emarginate ; sides strongly angulate 
 at middle, converging in front of and deeply sinuate behind the angulation, hind angles 
 rectangular and covering the humeral angles of the elytra. Elytra oval, broader behind 
 the middle, rather suddenly declivous behind, sides rather strongly rounded and with an 
 acute and strongly serrate marginal ridge extending nearly three-fourths of their length, 
 disc feebly convex and with an irregular elevated line on each elytron extending from 
 within the humerus to near the apex, and the two thus enclosing an elongate oval space; 
 several short more or less oblique ridges extend from the main ridge to the elevated su- 
 tural margin; base of elytra truncate, angles rectangular. 
 
 Length .40-44 inch. 
 
 The entire surface of the body is sparsely clothed with scale-like hairs, and the entire 
 vestiture and sculpture strikingly recall that ol Sepidkun. 
 
 All the specimens in our cabinets have been reported from Western Central Texas. 
 
 A. regular is. 
 
 Similar in form and sculpture, differing from eontortus in the following points: 
 Sides of thorax not suddenly angulate at middle, but rounded and gradually sinuate to 
 the hind angles. Median discal sulcus very faint. Elytra more broadly oval, marginal 
 rido-e moderately acute, not coarsely serrate, median costa moderately elevated, not ser- 
 rate at summit, enclosing a regular elongate oval space. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 291 
 
 This species has been for a long time considered as the female of contorlus, but the 
 very marked difference in the form of thorax, and the very feebly elevated elytral ridges 
 not serrate at the summits, have caused me to place it as distinct. In all the specimens 
 of contortus before me, the median costa does not extend so far forward as to touch the 
 thoracic base, while in reyiil<i,ri* this is the case. 
 
 Specimens sent from Texas by G. W. Belfrage, do not differ in size from the preced- 
 ing species. 
 
 TRIBE XV BRANCIIINI. 
 
 Body oval, apterous. Middle coxee with distinct trochantin. Antenna? slender, outer 
 joints gradually broader. Mentum moderate, trapeziform emarginate in front, inserted on 
 a gular peduncle, which is emarginate and fissured, and not covering the maxilla?. Palpi 
 slightly dilated. Intercoxal process of abdomen triangular, rounded at tip. 
 
 BRANCHUS, Lee. 
 Branehus, Lee, Class. Col. N. Am. 222. 
 
 B. florid anus, Leo., New Spec. p. 3. Florida.* 
 Length .60 inch. 
 
 B. woodi, Lee., New Species, p. Ill, (note) Island of New Providence. 
 B. obscurus, Horn, Proc. Acad. 1866, p. 398. Nicaragua. 
 Anectus vestitus, Horn, Proc. Acad. 1800, p. 399. Honduras. 
 
 Aneetus differs from Branehus in the ahsence of any prolongation of the external apical angle of the anterior 
 tibia?, and other characters derived from the antennae and mentum. 
 
 TRIBE XVI — CONIONTINI. 
 
 Body elongate oval or sub-globose, apterous. Labrum very prominent. Mentum 
 small, trapeziform, emarginate in front, ligula transverse lunate. Gular peduncle very 
 short. Anterior coxa? sub-transverse, middle coxa? with distinct trochantin, hind coxa? 
 narrowly separated, inter-coxal process acute. First joint of hind tarsi very long. Our 
 genera are three in number, and may be arranged as follows : 
 Antenna? short. 
 
 First joint of anterior tarsi prolonged into a spine. CffiLUS. 
 
 Antenna? long. 
 
 Anterior tibia? with outer angle prolonged. eusattus. 
 
 Anterior tibia? truncate at tip. CONiONTiS. 
 
 The last two genera differ also in their form, Fusattus being broadly oval, Coniontis 
 elongate oval, with sides more or less parallel. 
 
 * In addition to the species above indicated, two other species are known, and also another genus with a single 
 species. 
 
292 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONID/E OF AMERICA, 
 
 CCELTJS, Esch. 
 Ccelus, Esch., Zool. All. III. p. 5. 
 ('. ciliatus, Esch., Zool. Atlas Heft. Ill, p. 5, pi. 14, fig. 1. 
 
 ('. globosus, Lee, Ann. Lye. 5, 133. 
 
 This species differs from the preceding in being more broadly oval and more convex. 
 The sides of the thorax arc also more strongly rounded. These differences appear to be 
 very feeble, and in a larger series may vanish. Both species are found on the sea shore 
 of California. 
 
 EUSATTUS, Lee. 
 Eusattus, Lee, Aim. Lye. V.. p. 131. 
 Diseoclemus, Lee., Class. Col. N. A., p. 223. 
 Conipinus, Lee., ibid. 
 
 The last two genera indicated by Dr. Leconte in bis Class, of the Coleoptera of North 
 America, and subsequently reunited under Eusattus (List, p. 60), cannot be retained as 
 distinct, affording an illustration of the little value a character may have in a tribe after 
 having been found to he of great importance in tribes not remotely separated. Instances 
 of this kind are by no means of rare occurrence in Tenebrionida?. In this instance the 
 relative width of epipleura and elytra] fold have been assumed as the points of separation, 
 and with species so closely allied in all other important generic characters, I have deemed 
 it more prudent to adopt the later view of Dr. Leconte, rather than establish two other 
 genera in addition to the above-mentioned. From an inspection of the following table it 
 will lie seen that but one species is needed to complete a series uniting all the forms of 
 epipleura?, viz : a species between rohuetns and i-eticulatus, in which the epipleura? shall 
 occupy nearly the entire indexed portion of the elytra by being gradually wider from apex 
 to base. The presence or absence of a prominent elytral margin appears to me rather of 
 specific than generic value. When scientific zeal shall cause northern Mexico to be more 
 thorougly explored, species will be found which will without any doubt fully confirm the 
 view here adopted. With the present illustration before us, it is to be hoped that stu- 
 dents of local fauna? will give the subject of genera due consideration. It must be borne 
 in mind that in Tenebrionida? a want of stability of characters is one of the most marked 
 peculiarities of the family, and in the present paper, nearly a hundred new genera could 
 have been described from characters for which abundant precedents could have been found. 
 
 Our species may be arranged as follows: 
 Elytra with a distinct, more or less acute 1 margin. 
 
 Epipleura occupying entirely the indexed portion of elytra. robust u s . 
 
 Epipleura 1 narrow, suddenly dilated at base. 
 Epipleura? and elytral Ibid nearly smooth. 
 
 Elytra faintlv sub-costate with interstitial reticulations, r e ti c ula tus. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 293 
 
 Epipleura? and elytra! fold roughly sculptured. 
 
 Elytra costate, with interstitial smooth granules. costatus. 
 
 Elytra with coarse erosions and elevated smooth patches, e r o s u s . 
 Elytra rounded on the sides, not margined. 
 
 Epipleura? narrow, suddenly dilated at base, elytra smooth. 1 se v i s . 
 
 Epipleura? gradually dilated at base. 
 
 Body rounded, oval. difficilis. 
 
 Body inflated, nearly globose. 
 Elytra not pubescent. 
 
 Epipleura? distinctly defined, nearly smooth. m u r i c a t u s . 
 
 Epipleura? not distinctly defined, very densely punc- 
 
 tulate. dilatatus. 
 
 Elytra sparsely pubescent. 
 
 Epipleuree distinctly defined, nearly smooth. puberulu s. 
 
 Body elongate oval. 
 
 Sub-opaque, elytra granulate. p r o d u c t u s . 
 
 Shining, elytra smooth or faintly punctured. d u b i u s . 
 
 E. robustus, Lee, X. Spec, page 112. 
 
 From the Island of San Clernente, on the coast of California. 
 
 Length .70 inch. 
 
 E. re t iculatus, Lee., Ann. Lye 5-132. 
 ZopUosis reticulata, Say, Journ. Acad. 3, 250. 
 Diseodemus reticulatus, Lee., Class. Coll. N. A., p. 223. 
 
 Not rare in Arizona and New Mexico. This species varies considerably in sculpture 
 and outline. The typical form is elongate oval ; many, however, are in my cabinet col- 
 lected by myself in Arizona, in which the form is oboval. with the elytra somewhat in- 
 flated. In the inflated specimen the thorax is much narrowed in front, being scarcely 
 wider between the anterior angles than that between the hind angles. Specimens from 
 western Kansas or Colorado are comparatively smooth, and the reticulations delicate ; 
 those from Arizona are sub-costate, though never coarsely punctured and granulose, as in 
 the following species. Length .50— .62 inch. 
 
 E. eostatus, rounded, oval, convex, black, sub-opaque, thorax being finely and sparsely punctured on the disc, 
 densely but very faintly granulate on the sides, margin not thickened; elytra sub-costate, interstices coarsely punc- 
 tured, and with smooth, small, rounded tubercles; indexed portion of elytra densely and coarsely punctured. Length 
 .136, breadth .40 inch. 
 
 The humeral angle of the epipleura may be easily discovered from above, being 
 more prominent in this and the succeeding than in any other of our species. 
 Collected by Mr. Wm. M. Gabb on the peninsula of Lower California. 
 
 AMERI. PF1ILOSO. SOC VOL. XIV. — 74 
 
'294 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONTDjE OF AMERICA, 
 
 E. crosus, rounded oval, convex, black, moderately sliming. Thorax scarcely punctured, except neai the mar- 
 gin; margin slightly thickened; elytra with irregular shallow fovea 1 , interstices elevated, convex, smooth; indexed 
 portion of elytra coarsely punctured. Length ,71, breadth .44 inch. 
 
 Our largest and one of oar most distinct species, by tin* peculiar sculpture of the 
 elytra. Tins sculpture appears to result from an irregular coarse puncturing in series, 
 the interstices between the scries and the punctures being elevated, rounded and smooth. 
 The elytra, therefore, have a somewhat coarsely eroded appearance. 
 
 Collected by Mr. Win. M. Gabb, with the preceding species. 
 
 E. 1 a' v i s . Lee., New Species, p. 113. 
 
 From Cape St. Lucas, Lower California. In my cabinet art' specimens collected by 
 Mr. Gabb in the same region, differing from the typical forms in the same manner that 
 the Arizona specimens of reticttlatus flitter from those of Colorado, that is by being oboval 
 and with the elytra more convex anil inflated. With this degree of variation demon- 
 strated by a lull series of our species, I am unwilling to separate a similar variation in 
 another as distinct, even though not possessing the intermediate forms. 
 
 Length .52—64 inch. 
 
 E, difficilis, Lee.. Ann. Lye. 5-132. E. convexus, Lee, id. 
 
 I have in my cabinet a very good series of this species, sufficient indeed to render the 
 feeble characters separating difficilis and convexus evanescent. 1 have others again 
 scarcely less smooth than nitidiyennis, Lee, from Jalapa, Mexico. It seems probable 
 that some further collections in regions between Arizona and Chihuahua would afford 
 specimens warranting the union of this species also. This species is not rare from San 
 Dioo'o to ((wens' Valley, and from Arizona to New Mexico and Colorado. 
 
 o 
 
 Length .35— .45 inch. 
 E. muricatus, Lee.. Ann. Lye. V., 132. 
 
 From Oregon, New Mexico, and Owens' Valley, Cal. 
 Length .45 inch. 
 
 E. dilatatns. Lee.. Ann. Lye. V.. 132. 
 
 From the deserts of the Colorado River. I am unable to sec any difference between 
 this species and the preceding, except in the very dense hue punctulation of the epipleura\ 
 Length .30 inch. 
 
 ]■'.. pulieiulus. Lee., Proc. Aead. T. S4. Texas. 
 
 Differs from muricatus by the sparse scale-like hairs of the elytra. 
 Length .30 inch. 
 
 K. dubius, Lee., Ann. Lye. V.. 132. 
 Compinus dubius, Lee., ('lass. Col. N. A., 223. 
 from the deserts of the Colorado and Gila. 
 Leno-th .31) inch. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 29-3 
 
 E. productus, Lec.j Joum. Acad., 2d ser., 4, 20. Conipinus prodactus, Lee, Class. Col. N. A., 12?,. 
 From Arizona and Lower California. The specimens from the latter region have 
 elytra sculptured, as in reticulatus. 
 Length .54 inch. 
 
 CO-\I()NTIS. Each. 
 
 Coniontis, Esch., Zool. At.l. Ill, p. 7. 
 
 Species of this genus are found rather abundantly in California and Oregon, under 
 stones or running over the surface of the ground. Two species extend eastward and are 
 found on the plains at the eastern base of the Rocky Mountains. There are very slight 
 differences to be observed even between the most widely differing species, the form vary- 
 ing at times from true semi-cylindrical to that of conic-cylindrical, in which the thorax 
 will be found wider than the elytra. Some species arc pubescent, or rather with punc- 
 tures bearing very short scale-like hairs, while others are almost entirely smooth. This 
 character alone appears thus far to have but little value in separating species, as these 
 hairs are lost after the insect has passed its maturity, or at least, at the end of the season. 
 However, as specimens affording an actual illustration of this fact are not in our cabinets, 
 I allow the species to stand as already enumerated, separating them from each other by 
 the characters assigned. 
 
 In order to facilitate the study of them, the following table has been prepared. 
 Eyes reniform, entire. 
 
 Elongate oval, sides of elytra parallel, or converging toward apex. 
 
 Abdomen rugose, very coarsely and densely punctured. abdominalis. 
 
 Abdomen smooth, very finely and sparsely punctured. 
 
 Elytra usually finely punctured, never coarsely punc- 
 tured and rugose together, and never pubescent. 
 Species of robust facies, length never greater than 
 twice the width. 
 ] ,arge species, robusta. 
 
 Small species, o p a c a . 
 
 Species elongate, length always notably greater than 
 twice the width. 
 Large species. viatica. 
 
 Small species. puncticollis. 
 
 Elytra coarsely punctured or rugose, or irregular and 
 pubescent. 
 Very convex species, larger. 
 
 Thoracic and elytral punctures not setigerous. eschscholtzii. 
 
296 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIOXIIVE OF AMERICA, 
 
 Thoracic and elytral punctures with a short 
 
 scale-like hair. a ffi n i s . 
 Depressed smaller species. 
 
 Elytra] punctures with a distinct hair. subpubescens. 
 
 " '• " short scale. 1i em oral is. 
 Rounded oval, sides rounded, never parallel. 
 
 Thorax and elytra dissimilarly punctured, elytra rugose. oralis. 
 
 Thorax and elytra similarly punctured, elytra smooth. 1 a ta. 
 
 Eves divided, species broadly oval. o b e s a . 
 
 ('. abdominalis, Lee, Proc. Acad. 1839, p. 77. 
 
 Not very common at Fort Tejon, Cal. May be readily known by the peculiar punc- 
 tation of the abdomen. It is our largest species. 
 Length .6(5 inch. 
 
 ('. robusta, elongate oval, convex, sides parallel; obtuse before and behind. Length .62 inch. 
 
 From Fort Tejon, southward, and one from San Francisco. 
 
 The above rather indefinite description is really till that can be said directly of this 
 species. T have in my cabinet a long series, the sculpture and punctation varying to an 
 extent rendering it impossible to fix even a standard. Specimen 1 is sub-opaque, thorax 
 and elytra very densely and rather coarsely aciculately punctured, the elytra are obscurely 
 tricostate, with the interstices obsoletely reticulate, from this point the sculpture be- 
 comes gradually less defined, and finally the species becomes as smooth and shining as 
 any specimens of viatica. As compared with viatica, it is more robust and obtuse. The 
 leo-s are also stouter and the tarsal joints less slender. Notwithstanding the rather coarse 
 punctation of the elytra, the sculpture is very different from that seen in the next group, 
 where the spaces between the punctures are notably elevated and rounded. The larger 
 proportion of the specimens of rohmta are entirely smooth. The width of the species 
 between the humeri is equal to half the length. 
 
 C. opaca, elongate oval, blaek, sub-opaque, sides sub-parallel, head finely punctured, thorax finely and 
 rather densely punctured, interspaces very finely alutaceous, sides rounded, gradually narrowing from the hind angles: 
 elytra finely but less densely punctured; less frequently ferruginous brown. Length .yt!-.4'3 inch. 
 
 Not rare in Owens' Valley and at Fort Tejon, California. 
 
 Similar in form to the preceding, hut much smaller. The legs and tarsi are more 
 slender and resemble those of viatica and j)\mctic r Al is. Very distinct from any of our spe- 
 cies, though hardly separable from the preceding by description. 
 
 C. viatica, Esch., Zool. Atl. 3. 7, tab. 14, fig. 3. 
 
 Rather elongate in form, being at least two-and-a-half times as long as broad between 
 the humeri. The sides of the elytra are frequently convergent toward the apex. In this 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 297 
 
 case the thorax is wider at base than the elytra. The surface is smooth and sinning, 
 thorax very finely and sparsely and the elytron rather more coarsely and very sparsely 
 punctured. The legs are always black. The under surface of the anterior tibia is densely 
 spinose, the spines being rather more evident than in any other species. Maritime 
 California. Length .55— .60 inch. 
 
 C. puncticollis, Lee, Ann. Lye. V., p. 131. 
 
 Similar in form to the preceding and bearing the same relation to it that opaca does 
 to robvsta. The thorax is very densely and finely punctured. The legs arc brownish or 
 ferruginous in color and rather slender, and with slender tarsi. It is about one-half or 
 two-thirds the length of viatica. Specimens are not rare along the valleys of the Sacra- 
 mento and San Joaquin rivers. 
 
 Length .35 inch. 
 
 C. eschscholtzii, Mann., Rev. Zool. 1840-138. Bull. Mosc. 1843-275. Lae. Genres, pi. 52, fig. 5 (not a good 
 figure). 
 
 The punctures of the elytra are very large and rather dense, the interspaces convex 
 The punctures are not setigerous. Abundant near San Francisco. 
 Length .50—55 inch. 
 
 C. affinis, Lee., Ann. Lye. V., 131. 
 
 It is doubtful whether the characters separating this from the preceding are sufficient. 
 I am unable to see any other difference than the presence of short scale-like hairs in the 
 elytral punctures. They are, however, retained as distinct until further collections show 
 their complete identity. 
 
 Length .50 inch. 
 
 C. subpube s cen s, Lee., Ann. Lye. V.. 131. 
 
 Differs from all our other species in being rather sparsely clothed with short recum- 
 bent hairs, giving the elytra a silken appearance. Two specimens of the species are in 
 the cabinet of Dr. Leconte, labelled Emmenastus rugosus, the name having been given by 
 Col. Motschulsky while in this city. Length .37 inch. 
 
 C. nem oralis, Escb., Zool. Atl. 3-7. ■ 
 
 This and the preceding are much more depressed than any other of our species. It is 
 abo subpubescent, the hairs being very short and scale-like, and almost completely buried 
 within the punctures. The elytra are not rugose, however, in the same manner as in 
 eschsclidltzii, but are irregularly corrjlgated and coarsely punctured. The preceding spe- 
 cies differ from this only in having longer hairs intermixed with the short scale-like ones. 
 
 Length .40 inch. 
 
 C. oralis, Lee., Ann. Lye. V., 131. 
 
 With this commences a small series of regularly oval species. The sides are always 
 
 AMERI. PHILOSO. SOC. — VOL. XIV. — 75 
 
O'JS REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONID^E OF AMERICA, 
 
 broadly rounded, never parallel. The thorax is smooth, very finely and sparsely punc- 
 tured, the elytra are coarsely and rather densely punctured and resemble those of esch- 
 pclioltzil. This species extends its range from Oregon to the plains cast of the Rocky 
 Mountains. Length .41 inch. 
 
 ('. lata, Lee, New Species, p. 113. 
 
 Similar in form to the preceding, but more broadly oval. The thorax and elytra are 
 densely and finely punctured, from the Island of San Clemente, coast of California. 
 Length .40-.4b' inch. 
 
 ('. obesa, Lee, Ann. Lye. V., 131. 
 
 Our smallest species, differing from every other in having the eyes entirely divided. 
 1 do not find the last two joints of the antennae suddenly larger, as recorded by Lacor- 
 daire, although the antennae arc rather shorter and the joints more compact. I do not 
 consider the division of the eyes sufficient for generic separation, more especially in a 
 family already burdened with genera established on slight characters. 
 
 Length .25 inch. 
 
 Sub-Family III.— TEXLBltfOXIILE. 
 
 This sub-family contains those species in which the hind margins of the third and 
 fourth ventral segments are coriaceous. The last two segments are consequently capable 
 of a. greater degree of motion than is seen in the genera of the preceding sub-families; the 
 middle coxa^ are usually provided with a distinct trochantin, the cavities being closed ex- 
 teniallv by the mesosternal parapleuroe; in some genera the trochantin is not visible, 
 although the cavities are never so thoroughly enclosed by the sterna as in the Tentyriidic, 
 and the presence or absence of this piece, although of so great value in the preceding 
 sub-families, here loses to a great extent its significance, and genera may occur with and 
 without trochantin in the same tribe; the body is here more frequently winged than ap- 
 terous; the anterior coxa' are frequently sub-cylindrical or transverse in this sub-family 
 and never in the preceding; genera with entire mandibles appear for the first time, and 
 the trilobed front is never seen. 
 
 This sub-family corresponds with Cohort II. of Section II. of Lacordaire, with the ad- 
 dition of tribes and parts of tribes of Cohort I., as follows: Tribes XVI part, XVII, XX, 
 XXIV part, XXV, XXVI, XXVII, and comprises a series of genera presenting almost 
 insurmountable obstacles to the formation of higher groups. Owing to the great insta- 
 bility of the characters among these genera, it is extremely difficult to form a synoptic 
 table of tribes not filled with exceptional cases. Lacordaire admits that table given by 
 him will answer only for a small majority of the genera, and where his list is increased by 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 299 
 
 the addition of other tribes the trouble is by no means lessened. In those tribes contain- 
 ing large series of genera, the tendency to a rapid degradation of form is seen, analagous 
 to the same general degradation of the entire family from the Tentyriida? to the Otido- 
 geua?. Thus, among the genera of the tribe Tenebrionini forms occur pointing strongly 
 toward an affinity with Helops, and it is here among what might be termed the peripher- 
 ial genera that doubt may arise as to their true position. 
 
 The separation of the sub-family into Platygenae and Otidogense has not been followed, 
 as the character seems not to deserve the importance assigned to it by Lacordaire, and 
 Mr. Pascoe (Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. IV, Vol. Ill, p. 36,) objects to the placing 
 of the latter section among the Tenebrionida?, evidently not fully appreciating the fact 
 that this sub-family as defined by Leconte has a much greater systematic value than any 
 of the "Cohorts" of Lacordaire. 
 
 A careful revision of foreign tribes, on the basis of the sub-division of the Family into 
 three sub-families, would result in the union of several. From the limited amount of study 
 I have been able to give them, the Heleides appear to replace in Australia the Blaptini 
 of Europe and America, and should probably form a sub-tribe of Blaptini, in which their 
 peculiar form would be fully balanced by our species of Embaphion. 
 
 Many changes might be suggested, but as such discussion is altogether irrelevant to 
 the objects of the present paper, further space will not be occupied here, although it is my 
 desire at some future time to develop the results of study in a paper less encumbered with 
 species. 
 
 The following table of tribes is offered for the assistance of the student, although well 
 aware that it may often fail on the application of the test of several genera and of many 
 species. 
 
 Front entirely corneous, anterior margin free, not articulating with a 
 coriaceous clypcus. 
 First joint of tarsi elongate or moderate, never very short, tarsi not 
 compressed; geme not sulcate. 
 Eyes less prominent, than the sides of front, more or less transverse, 
 always emarginate in front. 
 Anterior tibia? alone or none dilated. 
 Penultimate joint of tarsi entire. 
 
 Anterior coxae rounded; middle coxa? always with dis- 
 tinct trochantin; antenna? never perfoliate, third 
 joint usually larger than the following. 
 Hind coxa 5 transverse, never oblique. 
 Front feebly dilated at the sides. 
 
300 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONID^E OF AMERICA, 
 
 Tarsi spinous or setose beneath. 
 
 Elytra widely embracing abdomen. blaptint. 
 
 Elytra narrowly embracing abdomen. SCAURINI. 
 
 Tarsi with coarse, almost spinous hairs. AMPHIDORINI. 
 
 Tarsi finely pubescent beneath. tenebrionini. 
 
 Front broadly dilated at the sides, emarginate ante- 
 riorly. 
 Anterior tarsi of l dilated. pedinini. 
 
 Anterior tarsi oi £ not dilated. OPATRINI. 
 
 Hind coxa' oblique; tarsi spinous. crypticini. 
 
 Anterior coxae sub-transverse; middle coxae without tro- 
 chantin ; third joint of antenna? always short, outer 
 joints more or less perfoliate 
 Tarsi pubescent. Last joint always long. ulomini. 
 
 Penultimate joint of tarsi bilobed. heterotarsini. 
 
 Tibia" all more or less dilated and fossorial. TRACHYSCELINI. 
 
 Eyes more prominent than the sides of the front, usually rounded, 
 
 feebly or not at all emarginate. DIAPERINI. 
 
 First joint of tarsi very small, outer joints gradually thicker, longer 
 
 and compressed, Gena? transversely sulcatc. boletopiiagixi. 
 
 Front either with a broad coriaceous band or articulating directly with 
 a coriaceous clypeus. Elytra never widely embracing abdo- 
 men. Third joint of antenna? Ions;. 
 Sides of front not obliquely elevated. 
 
 Midomen pedunculate; antenna? slender. apocryphini. 
 
 Abdomen not pedunculate; antenna' with the outer joints 
 
 usually compressed. HEi.orixi. 
 
 Sides of front obliquely elevated. 
 
 Metasternum very short; body apterous. meracanthini. 
 
 Metasternum Ions:; body slender and winged. strongyliini. 
 
 TRIBE XVII — blaptini. 
 
 This tribe contains not only a larger number of species, but also species oi' a greater 
 size than any others of our fauna. Genera from every part of the globe are found here, 
 and the species in each portion are usually among the largest of the Tenebrionida? found 
 there. All are black or dark brownish, and variously though -never very roughly sculp- 
 tured, and a few speeies are pubescent or pilose. All are apterous. ( \nv species are 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 301 
 
 either strictly nocturnal in their habits or arc found walking- in sandy places either in 
 early morning or late in the day, and during cloudy days. The larger and more cylindri- 
 cal of our species will, when disturbed, place their bodies nearly vertically, the head near 
 the ground and the tail erect, and will emit when handled a dark oleaginous offensive 
 fluid, staining the hands brownish and remaining for a long time and apparently fixed by 
 the action of alkaline material. In the warm regions of California the larger species at- 
 tain the age of several years. Their tenacity of life is very great, as specimens have been 
 kept pinned for two months without food or water. 
 Our genera are three in number. 
 
 Epipleurae broader at base, attaining the humeri. 
 
 Mentum trilobed, lateral lobes more or less inflexed. eleodes. 
 
 Mentum flat, discoidal. discogenia. 
 
 Epipleurae narrow at base, not attaining the humeri. 
 
 Mentum trilobed, lateral lobes inflexed. embaphion. 
 
 ELEODES, Esch. 
 
 Eleodes, Esch., Zool. Atl. III., p. 9. 
 
 Xysta, Esch., (ut supra.) 
 
 Promus, Lee., Class. Col. N. A., p. 226. 
 
 Species have been described by Say as Blaps, by Kirby as Pimelia. 
 
 Mentum somewhat variable in form, usually trilobed, the middle lobe larger and more 
 convex ; lateral lobes frequently inflexed, scarcely visible. Last joint of labial palpi trian- 
 gular, narrower than the maxillary, which are broadly triangular or securiform. Head 
 not deeply inserted, suture between epistoma and front frequently distinct, epistoma trun- 
 cate or feebly emarginate, sides sometimes sinuate. Eyes narrow sub-reniform. Antenna? 
 eleven-jointed, the last three or four usually notably depressed, the last joint frequently 
 though not always smaller than the preceding. 
 
 Prothorax variable in form, usually applied against bases of the elytra. Scutellum 
 always distinct and equilateral. Elytra of variable form and sculpture, in many species 
 prolonged behind. Epipleurse always distinct, broader at base and always visible at the 
 humeral angle, gradually narrowing toward the apex. Legs moderately long. Femora 
 never strongly clavate, the anterior frequently armed in the male, sometimes in both 
 sexes, with a tooth of variable form, rarely all the femora toothed. Tarsi usually chan- 
 nelled and setose beneath ; occasionally the first two joints are dilated and spongy pubes- 
 cent, or not dilated and densely covered with silken hairs. 
 
 The characters above given are those applicable to the whole genus, characters pecu- 
 liar to any group will be given under its heading or in the remarks on the various species. 
 
 The genus Eleodes is our largest and, with the exception of Asida, as previously de- 
 fined, the most polymorphous, and is without doubt the most difficult to sub-divide of any 
 
 AMERI. PH1LOSO. SOC— VOL. XIV. — 7fi 
 
302 REVISION Of THE TENEBRIONID/E OF AMERICA. 
 
 in our fauna. The wide distribution of many of the species lias given rise to local varie- 
 ties, on which specific names have been fixed, as each new region furnished an unique 
 specimen. Species of Eleodes are found distributed over a wide extent of our western 
 territories, tin* Mississippi River beiug the extreme eastern limit. From this point not 
 only species but individuals become more and more numerous, until on some of the arid 
 regions of California they can be found in immense numbers. Species are found to the 
 extreme northwest, inhabiting the rather warm belt of country westward of the Rocky 
 Mountains and between them and the coast. Their southern limit is indefinite. In South 
 America, Xycterinus replaces Eleodes. i must confess my inability to detect any impor- 
 tant differences between these genera, and most authors seem to assume that any species 
 north of the Isthmus of Panama is Eleodes. and south of it Xycterinus. It is probable 
 that the latter genus should constitute a division of the former, equivalent in value to the 
 groups into which I am about to sub-divide it. With Apocrypha and Amphidora on both 
 continents, I see no reason why we should not rind Eleodes also. 
 
 In tlie following synoptic table it will be found that no use whatever has been made 
 of the form of presternum, in the definition cither of groups or species. The character is 
 actually of no value, as specimens undistinguishable by any other characters may have a 
 different tonn of presternum, and on this and similar characters species might be indefi- 
 nitely multiplied. 
 
 For convenience of study. Eleodes may be divided into three sub-genera: 
 
 Anterior tarsi of both sexes entirely spinous beneath. (ELEODES). 
 
 Anterior tarsi of males with the first two or three joints either with 
 silken hairs or spongy pubescence beneath. 
 Anterior tarsi of males not dilated. (BLAPYLIS.) 
 
 Anterior tarsi of males with at least the basal joint dilated. (PROMUS.) 
 
 Group 
 
 Eleodes. 
 spins uf anterior tibiae unequal, and dissimilar in the sexes. 
 Spurs of anterior tibise equal, and similar in the sexes. Orottp ii. 
 
 < limrr i. 
 Section A. 
 
 Hind spur of anterior tibia broader and thinker in 9- 
 Thorax convex, smooth. 
 
 Elytra] margin rounded. obsc n r;i . 
 
 Elytral margin acute at humerus. .1 c 11 1 a . 
 
 Thorax flat or concave. 
 
 Sides of elytra rounded. suturalis. 
 
 Sides of elytra parallel. texana. 
 
 Section B. 
 
 Ulterior spur of anterior tibia broader, thicker and more strongly curved in 9 • 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 303 
 
 Elytra broad, flattened, truncate at base, angles rectangular; thorax broad at base, angles 
 rectangular, overlapping tbe humeral angles of elytra. (Pediniform species). 
 Elytra with alternate interspaces more elevated, (each elytron sub-tricostate). tricostata. 
 
 Elytra glabrous, with regular stria of moderately large punctures, interstices equally 
 
 and very feebly convex. ,,,.,!; ,, oides. 
 
 Elytra elongate oval, convex, narrower and feebly eniarginate at base, angles not rectangu- 
 lar; thorax narrower at base, angles obtuse, not overlapping basal angles of elytra. 
 Anterior femora mutic in both sexes. 
 
 Elytra shining; with striae of punctures. ,- :) r bou a r i a 
 
 Elytra sulcate or striate, stria; punctured, interstices convex, with muricatc 
 
 punctures. obsole t a . 
 
 Elytra diffusely punctured. 
 
 Elytra shining, punctures simple. <j u a dricollis. 
 
 Elytra opaque, densely muricately punctured, becoming granulate. h u m e ral i s . 
 
 Anterior femora armed in the male. 
 
 Tooth very obtuse, elytral sculpture of smooth tubercles. g r a n u 1 a t a . 
 
 Tooth very acute, elytra with striae of fine punctures. e x t r i c a t a . 
 
 Group ii. 
 
 The spurs of the anterior tibiae are similar to each other in both sexes. Occasionally the anterior spur is some- 
 what longer than the other; never, however, presenting anything similar to that seen in the preceding group, in which 
 it is nearly double the size and width of the other, and very strongly curved backward, especially in the Q . 
 
 Thorax smooth, finely and sparsely punctured. Section A. 
 
 Thorax rugous, coarsely and continently punctured. Section B. 
 
 Section A. 
 
 All the femora toothed in both sexes. 
 
 Teeth of femora acute. a r m a t a . 
 
 militaris. 
 
 Teeth of femora obtuse. leva ora t a . 
 
 Anterior femora alone armed with a tooth, or all the femora mutic. 
 
 Thorax sub-quadrate, frequently narrower in front, base very rarely narrowed, sides feebly 
 rounded. 
 Elongate species, elytra never ventricose. nor striate, femora mutic. 
 
 Thorax elongate. lo ngicoll i s . 
 
 Thorax square. gentilis. 
 
 Species usually ventricose, elytra striate, femora of % either acutely toothed or sinuate 
 near the tip. 
 Anterior femora with a strong curved tooth in ^ only. v e n t r i c o s a . 
 
 " straight acute tooth in % and 9- 
 Thorax deeply emarginate in front, angles not everted. 1 u c a' . 
 
 feebly " " " angles acute, everted. gracilis. 
 
 " " sinuate near the tip in % and 9- innocens. 
 
 Sides of thorax strongly rounded, always narrower at base. 
 Thorax very convex, humeral angles of elytra indistinct or wanting. 
 
 Anterior femora armed in both sexes. g ra ndicolli s. 
 
 Anterior femora mutic in both sexes. g i gantea . 
 
 Thorax moderately convex, humeral angles of elytra always evident. 
 
 Ant. femora mutic in both sexes. 11 i g r i n a . 
 
 Ant. femora armed at least in 9 ■ 
 
:3(I4 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONID.E OF AMERICA, 
 
 Thorax with sides gradually narrowing' to base. 
 
 Elytra snlcate, interstices convex, inipunctured. hispilabris. 
 
 Elytra sub-striate, interstices with muricate punctures. s pons a. 
 
 c a u d i f e r a . 
 Thorax strongly constricted at base. a c u t i c a u d a . 
 
 d eutipes. 
 Section B. 
 
 Here are placed some small species with a very strongly punctured, moderately convex, sub-quadrate thorax, and 
 with inal elytra with indistinct humeri. 
 
 Elytra granulate or rugose and frequently hairy. 
 
 Elytra not hairy, opaque, with rows of elevated rounded tubercles. granosa. 
 
 Elytra hairy, surface very coarsely and continently punctured, shining. hirsuta. 
 
 Elytra opaque, sub-striate, with strongly muricate punctures, each bearing an erect black 
 
 hair. pilosa. 
 
 Blaptlis. 
 
 This name is proposed for a sub-generic division of Eleodes, in which the basal joints 
 (usually three) of the anterior tarsi of the male arc clothed with a dense silken pubes- 
 cence, obliterating entirely the median groove, evident in the remaining joints and in the 
 entire tarsus of the female. 
 
 Thorax feebly constricted at base: lateral margin entire, extending to base. 
 
 Base of thorax rounded. scab ri p e unis. 
 
 Ease of thorax truncate. 
 
 Elytra convex, humeral angles very obtuse. 
 
 Terminal joints of antenna' not compressed, antenna' apparently clavate. c la vi c orri is . 
 
 Terminal joints of antenna? flattened. 
 
 Hind angles of thorax obtuse. 1 c c o n t c i . 
 
 Hind angles of thorax rectangular. 
 
 Elytra more or less shining, muricately punctured. cousobrina. 
 
 Elytra very opaque, with small rounded granules densely but irregu- 
 larly placed. ten ebrosa . 
 Elytra depressed, humeral angles distinct. p la n i p ennis, 
 Thorax very strongly constricted at base, lateral margin obsolete at constriction. 
 
 Thorax smooth, coarsely and sparsely punctured. p a r vi colli s . 
 
 Thorax rugose, very coarsely and continently punctured. 
 
 Elytral sculpture of coarse punctures with the interstitial elevations more or less con- 
 fluent into transverse plications. c o r d a t a . 
 Elytral sculpture of elevated, distinct, smooth tubercles, in longitudinal series. pi melioides. 
 
 Promcs. 
 
 The sub-genus Promus contains species more or less fusiform and with, at least, the 
 basal joint of the anterior tarsi dilated and thickened and spongy pubescent beneath. 
 
 Base of elytra emarginate, angles produced, embracing the basal angles of thorax. Femora mutic. 
 
 Elytral margin acute, surface opaque and sparsely pubescent. opaca. 
 
 Elytral margin rounded, surface glabrous. f u s i fo r mis. 
 
 Base of elytra very feebly emarginate. or truncate, angles acute, not prolonged, basal angles of 
 thorax distinct. Anterior femora armed in the males. 
 
 Tooth of femur very acute in {, ; elytra opaque, with distinct series of tine punctures. subni tens. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 305 
 
 Tooth of femur broad in £ ; elytra sub-opaque and with distant series of large punctures; 
 
 punctures distant from each other. ser i a t a . 
 
 Male unknown. Elytra striate, stria? approximate and with very closely placed punctures, s t r i o 1 a t a . 
 
 Sub-Genus Eleodes. 
 
 This division contains all the large species, and the smallest is scarcely below the me- 
 dium size. It may be distinguished from the other divisions by having the tarsi entirely 
 setose beneath, never silken or spongy pubescent. The first joint of the anterior tarsus 
 of the male is somewhat thickened in the first few species; this would never be mistaken 
 for the marked expansion and peculiar vestiture of the Promus group. The form of men- 
 turn is also subject to some slight variation; this will be alluded to under the species 
 themselves. 
 
 Group I. is characterized by the marked inequality between the spurs of the anterior 
 tibiae, notably in the females, and in accordance with this variation we may again sub- 
 divide the group into two parts. Section I. contains the large sulcate species. With 
 them the anterior spur of the anterior tibia is much smaller than the posterior, the latter 
 though scarcely longer is much broader and more robust and obtuse at the tip. Here, 
 also, occurs the thickening of the first joint of the anterior tarsus of the male. 
 
 C. obsoura, Say, (Blaps) .Tourn. Acad. 3, 2">9. Am. Ent. tab. 1G. (Eleodes) Esch. 
 
 I cannot accept the feeble differences between the five species described, as indicative 
 of specific distinction. With very large series it would be difficult indeed to define even 
 races. The three principal variations have been selected as centres, and may for conve- 
 nience be called "races," each may receive separate notice, and the student be thereby 
 the better enabled to determine either their validity as species, separation as races, or 
 complete union as mere varieties. 
 
 dispersa, Lee; deleta, Lee. Proc. Acad. lsr>S, p. 182. 
 
 Variations of sculpture alone form the differences between the three races. The mid- 
 dle lobe of the mentum is large, obtuse in front, coarsely punctured and elevated more or 
 less along the median line, the lateral lobes are small, strongly indexed, scarcely evident 
 without careful examination. The head is often coarsely punctured, and the clypeo- 
 frontal suture by no means rarely visible. Thorax broader than long, moderately convex 
 and shining, and sparsely punctured, anteriorly truncate with obtuse angles. The sides 
 are rather broadly rounded in front, slightly sinuate behind, margin fine, slightly refiexed, 
 base feebly sinuate and one-fourth narrower than at the widest portion ; the hind angles 
 are never acute, though distinct, generally rectangular. The elytra vary in shape even in 
 individuals of the same sex. Their form is, however, elongate oval, generally twice longer 
 than broad, sides more or less rounded, occasionally sub-parallel in some males. The 
 margin is newer acute even at humerus, always rounded. The sculpture consists of very 
 
 AMERI. PIIILOSO. SOC VOL. XIV. — 7 7 
 
306 REVISION OF THE TEXEBRIOXID.E OF AMERICA, 
 
 indistinct stria*, with the whole surface rather densely and very irregularly muricately 
 punctured. The anterior femora arc armed in both sexes with a tooth, strong and acute 
 in tin 1 male, very obtuse in the female and occasionally reduced to a mere sinuation. 
 This form occurs in New Mexico. Length 1.25 inch. 
 
 nip sc n r a . Say (references already given). 
 
 Differs from the preceding as follows :" Elytra feebly sulcate, interstices convex and 
 rather sparsely muricately punctured, the more densely in the stria". This race is also 
 smaller and shows more tendency in the elytra to become reddish brown than the others. 
 It agrees in every respect with dispersa excepting the elytral sculpture. Its habitat is 
 more northern than the preceding, occurring in Nebraska and Colorado. 
 
 Length 1.05 inch. 
 
 sulcipennis, Mann.. Beitrag. 226; Mag. Zool. 1843, pi. 128; arata, Lee, Proc. Acad. 1858, p. 182. 
 
 This form is still mure deeply sulcate than the preceding and has smoother interstices 
 with fewer murieate punctures. 
 
 Specimens occur very abundantly in Oregon, northern California, and through Nevada 
 and Colorado to New Mexico and Arizona. 
 
 Length hardly varying from 1.25-1.30 inch. 
 
 E. a rut a, Say. (Blaps) Journ. Acad. 3, p. 238. Am. Fait. tab. 16. Esch. (Eleodes). 
 
 The form of this species is not greatly different from the preceding. The only con- 
 stant character being in the greater acuteness of the elytral margin, especially near the 
 humeral angle. The dorsum of elytra is more or less flattened, and in proportion to the 
 extent of this depression the margin is more extended from the humeral angle until it is 
 almost as evident, though never so acute as in the following species. The thorax is simi- 
 lar in form to obscura and lacks entirely the flattening and very acute margin of sutured 'is. 
 'l'he anterior femora are toothed, the female the more obtuse. The species occurs from 
 Kansas to Texas and varies in length from 1.-1.40 inch. 
 
 E. .s u t n ial is. Say. (Blaps) Joum. Acad. 3, p. 257; Am. Ent. talc 1(1: Esch. (Eleodes). 
 
 The general form of this species agrees with the two already mentioned, differing, 
 however, in having both the thorax and elytra with a very acute margin, generally slightly 
 reflexed in the latter, always so in the former, so that the dorsum appears either flattened 
 or concave, in accordance with the degree to which they are upturned. The sides of the 
 elytra are rounded, never parallel, the dorsum is always flat. The anterior femora are not 
 very acutely toothed, frequently merely sinuate. Occurs abundantly in Kansas and Ne- 
 braska, and varies in length from .8 to 1.2 inch. 
 
 Many specimens have a broad red hand along the suture of the elytra. 
 
 E. texa mis, Lee, Proc. Acad. 18t8, p. 182; Thomson, Arcana, 1, pi. XII. fig. 3. 
 
 Acutely margined as in the preceding. The thoracic margin is much wider and more 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 307 
 
 reflexed. The thorax is broader, sides more strongly rounded, apex deeply ernarginate 
 with acute angles, base trisinuate also with acute angles. The elytra are also more 
 acutely margined than suturalis, the dorsum slightly concave, longer and more parallel 
 and in the males slightly produced, their surface is also feebly sulcate with stria? of coarse, 
 closely placed punctures. The anterior femora of the male are armed with a rather small 
 acute tooth. 
 
 This species has thus far occurred in Texas alone. Length 1.25—1.50 inch. 
 
 Section TI. of Group I. contains all those species of the sub-genus Eleodes in which 
 the anterior spur of the anterior tibia is notably longer, broader, thicker and more strongly 
 curved than the posterior spur, in the females. 
 
 E. pedinoides, Lee, Proc. Acad. 1858, p. 183. tisperata, Lee, (loe. cit.) 
 
 The peculiar form of the elytra distinguishes this and the next from the others of the 
 section which follow. The sides are sub-parallel, very feebly rounded and scarcely nar- 
 rower (frequently broader) at base than at any other portion. The base is also truncate 
 and the angles rectangular, extending 1 under the basal angles of the thorax. In both 
 species the middle lobe of the mentum is smaller, rather more acute and more prominent 
 in front than the species in the preceding section. The form of the thorax of E. pedi- 
 noides is similar to that of acuta. The anterior angles are not acute and the posterior are 
 rectangular. The hase feebly emarginate and with an impression near each hind angle. 
 The sides are rounded anteriorly, slightly sinuate posteriorly. The elytra are oval, not 
 narrowed at base, black, glabrous, and never pubescent, feebly sulcate with moderately 
 convex interstices. The stria? are rather coarsely punctured in some specimens, less evi- 
 dently in others. In the variety asperata the punctures become slightly muricate at the 
 sides near the apex. The elytra are also moderately convex, margin rounded, the humeri 
 are occasionally slightly carinate. The femora are mutic in both sexes. 
 
 Occurs in southwestern Texas. Length .75-95 inch. 
 
 E. tricostata. Say. (Blaps) Journ. Acad. 3, 262; Lee. (Eleodes-: alternata, Kirov. (Pimelia) X. Z.,232; pian- 
 ola 1 Sol., (Eleodesl Baudi e Truqui, p. 266, indicated by error as from Spain); robusta, Lee. Proc. Acad., 1858, 
 p. 183. 
 
 Similar in form to pedinoides, differing in the iollowing characters: Elytra usually 
 flattened, margin more acute, alternate interspaces more elevated, the shallow sulci are 
 rather strongly muricately punctured, each puncture with a short robust hair in recent 
 specimens. The elytra are never shining as in pedinoides, and the peculiar sub-trieosta- 
 tion will readily distinguish it. The variety robusta, as the name indicates, is larger, 
 stouter and rather more coarsely muricate. 
 
 The species is abundant on the plains of Kansas and Nebraska and southward into 
 Texas. Length .50-.90 inch. 
 
308 REVISION" OF THE TENEBRIONID^E OF AMERICA, 
 
 Following the Pediniform species, we have another sub-section still having the ante- 
 rior spur of the anterior tibia larger than the posterior, but (littering especially in the form 
 of the elytra. In these the humeral angles of the elytra are but feebly prominent, and 
 the base feebly emarginate ; the elytra themselves are always convex, never flattened and 
 sub-acute on the margin. The thorax is usually narrowed at base-, the angles never 
 prominent nor overlapping the elytral base. 
 
 E. carbonaria, Say, (Blaps) Journ. Acad. 3. 200; Leo. (Eleodes); soror, Lee., Proc. Acad. lS,"jS. ls" >; immunu, 
 Lee, il'., 186; deliiis, Lee, lb., 183. 
 
 This species as above defined may lie known from all the others of the sub-section by 
 the smooth polished elytra, with rows of large punctures rather distantly placed, the in- 
 terstices of the rows are flat. In some specimens the punctures are small, though in 
 other respects the characteristics of the species, such as the polish, the distance between 
 the rows, are still present. In some specimens of quadricollis there is an evident ten- 
 dency to the arrangement of the punctures in rows; in these, however, the interstices 
 will be seen to be very distinctly diffusely punctured, besides lacking the peculiar appear- 
 ance of carbonaria, readily remembered after sight. 
 
 I have united several other species with carbonaria, as ma}' he seen above. Of these, 
 I am absolutely unable to distinguish even as faint varieties, soror and immunis. Debilis 
 is a very small form from the mountainous region around Santa Fe, and differs from the 
 typical form only in having the thorax slightly more transverse and widest at the middle, 
 while the others have the thorax widest in front of the middle. From the known degree 
 of variation of other species and from the fact that this possesses all the other characters 
 of the species, I am unwilling to retain it as distinct. 
 
 The species is rather abundant in southern Colorado, New Mexico and eastern Ari- 
 zona and Texas. 
 
 Length .65-1.00 inch. 
 
 K. obsoleta, Say. (Blaps) Journ. Acad. ::, 001. (Eleodes) Lee. 
 
 This species has mutic femora also, and maybe known by the silicate or striate elytra. 
 The suture is frequently reddened, the strne are marked with coarse punctures and the 
 interpaces coarsely muricately punctured. The form is usually robust, occasionally elon- 
 gate in the males, elytra rather broadly oval and feebly convex on the disc. As in car- 
 bonaria, the thorax is sub-quadrate, sides and base feebly rounded, anteriorly very feebly 
 emarginate. 
 
 Occurs abundantly on the plains of Kansas and southward to New Mexico. 
 
 Length .50-80 inch. 
 
 E. quadi icollis, Esch., Zool. Atl. III., p. 10, tab. 14. fig. •"">. Mann.. Beitrag, 268; omissa, Lee. Proc. Acad. 
 1838, ISO: vicina, Lee.. Ann. Lye. •"">. 133. 
 
 Very similar in form to obsoleta. The elytra are more convex, totally black, with 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 309 
 
 sculpture consisting of punctures sometimes fine, at others rather coarse, rather densely 
 but irregularly placed and never muricate, never arranged in rows. The femora are 
 mutic in both sexes. The thorax is also narrower at base than in the two preceding spe- 
 cies. The elytra of the female are always broadly oval, those of the male elongate, 
 scarcely broader than the thorax. 
 
 Occurs in California, from San Francisco to San Diego on the coast, and inland from 
 San Jose to Tejon. Specimens have been sent from Sonora. 
 
 Length .60-.80 inch. 
 
 E. humeralis, Lee, Pacif. R. R. Surv. 47 parallel, App. 1, p. ."i0. 
 
 Differs from the preceding in the rather deeper emargination of the base of the elytra, 
 and by the humeral angles a little more prominent. The elytra are always opaque to a 
 greater or less extent, and very densely muricately punctured or almost granulate. The 
 femora are mutic. 
 
 Occurs in northern California and Oregon, where it replaces quadricollis of the south- 
 ern regions. 
 
 Length .54-.6S inch. 
 
 E. granulata, Lee, f; obtusa, Lee., Proc. Acad. 1861, p. 332, % ; aspera, Lee, New Species. 115; ? subaspera, 
 Sol., Stud. Ent. 24G. 
 
 From all the other species this may be readily distinguished by the elvtral sculpture, 
 consisting of rows of moderately elevated, rather smooth tubercles with opaque interspaces. 
 Its form is similar to the male of quadricollis. I have placed it in association with extri- 
 cata, a species with armed anterior femora, although its femora are scarcely toothed, but 
 strongly sinuate near the tip. The other preceding species have the femora of both sexes 
 entirely without either a tooth or the suspicion of a sinuation. The specimens in our col- 
 lections appear to be rather poorly developed, and from what occurs in other species it is 
 inferable that fully developed forms may have a very distinct tooth in the males. I have 
 united aspera as a synonym, although the specimen is not before me. I believe it to lie 
 merely a more roughly sculptured form, bearing the same relation to granulata that aspe- 
 rata does to pedinoides. 
 
 Occurs as follows ; granulata, Oregon; obtusa, California; aspera, Xew Mexico. 
 
 The three specimens scarcely vary from .60 inch. The last synonym is placed here 
 doubtfully. Should it prove to be identical with granulata, this name must be suppressed 
 and the name of Solier used instead. 
 
 E. extricata, Say, (Blaps) Journ. Acad. 3, 261. Lee. (Eleodes); cognata, Hald., Stansb. Rep.. App. C, p. 370. 
 
 Readily distinguished from all others of the sub-section by the very evident tooth of 
 
 the anterior femur of the male, as well as by the rather more slender form of that sex. 
 
 AMERI. PHILOSO. SOC VOL. XIV. 78 
 
:jlO REVISION OF THE TENEISRIONID.E OF AMERICA, 
 
 The thorax is finely and very sparsely punctured, the elytra coarsely and densely, with a 
 taint tendency to the arrangement of the punctures in lines, more evident in the smoother 
 varieties of the species. Cognata, Hald., is merely a more rohust and rather smoother 
 form of ( xtricata. 
 
 Occurs abundantly on the plains of Kansas and Nebraska, and some few have been 
 obtained in Utah and eastern Oregon. 
 
 Length .42— .56 inch. 
 
 Group II. 
 
 This group is distinguished readily from the preceding, by having the spurs of the an- 
 terior tibia' very nearly equal in size and in no way differing from each other in thickness 
 and shape. 
 
 Section 1. contains the bulk of the species of the group, and may be recognised by the 
 smooth, sparsely punctured thorax. 
 
 The three following species differ from all the others, by having all the femora of each 
 sex armed with a very distinct tooth, large and strong in the first two, small in the last. 
 The tibia? are also more strongly curved than in any others of the genus. 
 
 E. militiiris, n. sp., black, moderately shining, elongate, similar in form to fenioi\tta. Thorax 5 sub-quadrate, 
 moderately convex, sides rounded, feebly converging at base; apex rather deeply emarginate, angles acute, not denti- 
 form; lia.se feebly rounded, angles not prominent; J thorax one-third broader than long, more convex at sides, moder- 
 ately rounded, not converging at base; apex as in male, base truncate or feebly rounded, notably broader than apex, 
 ingles not prominent. Elytra elongate oval, strongly attenuate behind, very convex above, with distant rows of rather 
 tine and distant punctures. Leys coarsely punctured. Presternum prolonged, horizontally mucronate. Mesosternum 
 slightly concave. Length .86-1.00 inch. 
 
 Lower California. Mr. Wm. M. Gabb. 
 
 The sexes of this species differ from each other, in the form of the elytra, the female 
 as usual being the broader and more robust, and also in the form of the thorax. In the 
 o there is scarcely any difference between the thoraces of fenwrata and militaris, while 
 that of the female of the latter species is much broader, the sides regular!)' rounded to the 
 basal angles and the base broader near the apex. In both sexes all the femora are armed 
 with a very strong triangular tooth, broader but less acute than armata. This species 
 differs from armata in the character last given, and also in its much less prominent and 
 never dentiform apical thoracic angles. The elytra approach the form of femurata, and 
 ere more attenuate behind than in a rmata . The peculiar form of thorax causes the []■. 
 nude to appear more obtuse in front. 
 
 K. armata, lac, Ann. Lye. 13, 134; Thomson, Arcana 1, PI. XII, fig. 2. 
 
 The elytra of this species are less attenuate, rather more suddenly declivous behind 
 than either of the others 0!' the group. The anterior angles of the prothorax are acute, 
 usually prominent and dentiform. Further comparison between this and the preceding 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 311 
 
 species is unnecessary, while from the following it may be distinguished by having very 
 much more prominent femoral spurs and by the form of the elytra already mentioned. 
 
 Occurs abundantly on the Colorado Desert (Leconte) ; those in my cabinet are from 
 central Arizona, where it exceeds all other insects in abundance except E. liispilabris, 
 Say, (sulcata, Lee.) Length .58-1.30 inch. The greater number are over one inch in length. 
 
 E. femorata, Lee, Ann. Lye. 5, 134. 
 
 The teeth of the femora are all very obtuse. 
 Occurs at San Diego, California. 
 Length .68-1.00 inch. 
 
 The species of the section hereafter noted differ from the three preceding, in having 
 only the anterior femur (if any) toothed. 
 
 In accordance with the form of thorax the species may be again sub-divided, those 
 with a sub-quadrate thorax with very feebly rounded sides, and with the base rarely nar- 
 rower will be mentioned first. 
 
 L. longicollis, Lee, Ann. Lye. ■"",, 1:;4. Eaydenii, Lee.. Proc. Acad. 1858, p. 1st;. 
 
 Frequently elongated fusiform in shape, thorax generally longer than broad, sides 
 feebly rounded, base always broader than apex. Femora mutic in both sexes. The elytra. 
 are smooth or feebly punctured, never striate. 
 
 Occurs abundantly in New Mexico and Arizona, and occasionally in Kansas and 
 Colorado. 
 
 Length .90-1.25 inch. 
 
 E gentilis, Lee., Proc. Acad. 18*>8, p. 1ST. 
 
 The femora are mutic as in longicollis, from which it differs in its smaller size, more 
 quadrate thorax with more rounded sides and rather more prominent anterior angles. 
 Occurs at San Diego, Cal. 
 Length .75 inch. 
 
 E. ventricosa, Lee., Proe. Acad. 1858. \>. 108. 
 
 With this species commences a series with the anterior femora of the % (and fre- 
 quently ?) armed with an acute tooth or sinuate. The elytra are also feebly sulcate and 
 rows of rather coarse punctures. In this the elytra are strongly ventricose in both sexes, 
 and also caudate in the male. The anterior femora of the male are armed with a robust 
 tooth, strongly curved. The thorax is broader than long, with sides and base moderately 
 rounded, anteriorly feebly emarginate, angles distinct, not dentiform. 
 
 Occurs in Texas, near the Rio Grande. 
 
 Length 1.05-1.40 inch. 
 
312 REVISION OF THE TEXEBRIOXImE OF AMERICA, 
 
 E. Iuceb, Lee., New Species, p. 114. 
 
 The species is more elongate than the preceding, and very feehly ventricose in the fe- 
 male. The elytra are more deeply striate and also caudate in the male. The thorax lias 
 feebly rounded sides, an almost truncate base, apex emarginate, angles distinct, never 
 dentiform. Both sexes have the anterior femora armed with an acute 'straight tooth. 
 
 Abundant near Cape St. Lucas. Lower California, where it replaces gracilis of Arizona 
 and the northern end of the Peninsula. 
 
 Length .70-1.04 inch. 
 
 E. gracilis, Lee, Proc. Acad. 1858, p. 184. 
 
 As in liini. the anterior femora of both sexes are armed with an acute tooth. It dif- 
 fers by its more elongate form, the dentiform anterior angles of the thorax, as well as by 
 the thorax being narrower behind and the sides more strongly rounded. The male is 
 never caudate. 
 
 From New Mexico. Arizona, and the upper end of the Peninsula of Lower California. 
 
 Length .78-94 inch. 
 
 E. innocens, Lee, New Species, p. 114. 
 
 The femora of this species are feebly sinuate. The elytra are rather strongly striate. 
 as in lucce. The thorax is slightly longer than broad, with feebly rounded sides and trun- 
 cate base. The apex is very feebly emarginate, the angles prominent, not dentiform. 
 
 From Cape St. Lucas. 
 
 Length .54 inch. 
 
 The following species have the thorax rounded on the sides and with the sides more 
 strongly convergent at base, frequently rather suddenly constricted. 
 
 The first two species have the thorax very convex, hind angles obtuse, humeral angles 
 of elytra wanting. In both the elytra arc smooth or faintly punctured, never striate or 
 sidcate. 
 
 E. grandicollis, Mann.. Beitrag. p. 26G; Mag. Zool. 1844. pi. 130. talidn, Boheman, Eugen. Resa, Ins. p. 00. 
 
 The elytra are rather broadly oval in outline. The anterior femora are toothed in 
 both sexes. Dr. Leconte mentions the synonym in Proc. Ac. Xat. Sci. 1859, p. 290, bur 
 it has been accidentally omitted in his List of Coleoptera, 
 
 Occurs near San Francisco, Cal. 
 
 Length 1.-1.20 inch. 
 
 E. gigantea, Mann., Beitr., p. 267; Mag. Zool. 1843, pi. 127. 
 
 More elongate and attenuate than the preceding. The femora are mutie in both sexes. 
 Occurs at San Francisco, and in the Sacramento Valley around the bay. 
 Length 1.10-1.40 inch. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 3 1 I 3 
 
 E. nigrina, Lee, Proc. Acad. 1858, p. 186. 
 
 With this species commences a series in which the humeral angles of the elytra are 
 much more distinct than in the two preceding. The thorax is also much less convex. 
 From the species following, this one may he readily known by the femora being merely 
 feebly sinuate in both sexes. The elytra are feebly striate, with muricate punctures not 
 very densely but very irregularly placed. The males are rather more slender than the 
 females. The elytra of both are sub-opaque, a character otherwise unknown in the group. 
 More decidedly Upiform than any other species. 
 
 Occurs in Oregon, thence eastward to Dacota, and southward into Colorado and 
 western Kansas. 
 
 Length .60— .Sf! inch. 
 
 E. hispilabris, Say, (Blaps) Journ. Acad. :!. 2(30; Am. Ent. pi. 10. sulcata || Lee, Proc. Acad. G, 07; con- 
 vexa, Lee, Pacif. P.. P. Repts., App. 1, p. 4f>; nupta, Lee, Proc. Acad. 1858, p. 183. 
 
 I have no hesitation in applying the name of Say to one of our species, better known 
 under the pre-occupiod designation sulcata, Lee. The description and figure of Say ap- 
 pear to me perfectly applicable to this and not to one of the larger species of Group I. 
 The prominent dentiform anterior thoracic angles, so well described and figured, are not 
 found in any species of the oiscnra series. I am unable to find characters warranting the 
 division of the species into three others, the forms so completely passing from one to the 
 other without a break in the series. The species may be readily distinguished from all 
 those having the same form of thorax, by the more or less deeply sulcate elytra, with con- 
 vex interstices. The striae arc 1 punctured and the interstices smooth. In the variety 
 nupta, the elytra are rather more convex and broader, and the sidci less deep, and the 
 interstices consequently much less convex. 
 
 Occurs abundantly in Oregon and Arizona, Kansas, Colorado and Texas. Say's spe- 
 cimens came from "Missouri," a very badly defined geographical region in his day. 
 
 Length .70-1.05 inch. 
 
 E. sponsa, Lee, Proc. Acad. 1858, p. 184. 
 
 In general form this species resembles the preceding. The thorax is, however, less 
 rounded on the sides and more nearly quadrate. The anterior angles arc acute and fre- 
 quently prominent. The elytra are elongate oval, slightly flattened, feebly sub-striate 
 and with the interstices rather coarsely muricately punctured. The apex is moderately 
 acute in the male, never prolonged or caudate. The anterior femora of the males are fur- 
 nished with an acute tooth, the females with one more obtuse. 
 
 Occurs in southern Colorado and eastern New Mexico. 
 
 Length .80-.9G inch. 
 
 AMERI. PHILOSO. SOC VOL. XIV 7!) 
 
ol4 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONlDyE OF AMERICA, 
 
 E. caudifera, Lee, Proc. A.cad. 1858, p. 184. 
 
 Differs from the preceding as follows: Males with the apex of elytra prolonged or 
 caudate; anterior femora armed with an obtuse tooth in the males, mutic in females. 
 
 Occurs with the preceding. 
 
 Length .70— .90 inch, exclusive of elytral prolongation. 
 
 E. acutica uda, Lee, Ann. Lye. 5, 135; laticoUis, Lee. lb. 
 
 In this species the thorax is at least one-half broader than long, sides very strongly 
 rounded, base strongly constricted; anterior angles very acute, prominent and dentiform. 
 The elytra are elongate and strongly produced in the male, not suddenly caudate. The 
 sculpture consists of stria' of tine punctures. The anterior femora of both sexes are acutely 
 toothed, tooth rather small. 
 
 Occurs only in extreme southern California. The synonym belongs to a larger and 
 narrower form. 
 
 Length .90-1.30 inch. 
 
 E. dentipes, Esch., Zool. Atl. :'.. in, pi. 14. tig. 4; Mann. Beitrag. 267; Guerin. Mag. Zool. 4. 31, pi. 117. 
 
 The thorax is much less broad than acioticanda, the sides less rounded and the an- 
 terior angles less prominent, and the elytra are never as produced. Both sexes have the 
 anterior femora armed, though the tooth is less prominent and broader than in the prece- 
 ding species. 
 
 The most abundant species in California south of the latitude of San Francisco, and 
 very variable both in sculpture and general form. 
 
 Length .62—1.05 inch. 
 
 Section 15. 
 
 E. granosa, Lee., New Species, p. 116. 
 
 The elytral sculpture of this species is peculiar and without any parallel in the genus. 
 One specimen in the cabinet of Dr. Lcconte, from California, another in my own. from 
 Nevada, collected by Mr. Wm. M. Gabb. 
 Length .65-.T5 inch. 
 
 E. pilosa, n. sji., black obaque. Head coarsely and densely punctured, sparsely clothed with short, black. 
 sub-erect hairs. Thorax sub-quadrate, feebly narrowed behind, sides moderately rounded, margin hardly evident: 
 apex and base truncate, angles nut prominent; above very eoarsel) ami confluently puuetured with erect black hairs. 
 Elytra oval, moderately convex, humeri indistinct, surface faintly sub-striate with densely and irregularly placed mu- 
 ricate punctures, each bearing a rather long black hair. Beneath muricately punctured and setose, abdomen more 
 shining, less densely punctured. Femora mutic in both sexes. 
 
 Occurs abundantly in Owens' Valley, California, and in western Nevada (Gabb). 
 Length .46-60 inch. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 
 
 315 
 
 E. hirsuta, Loo., Proc. Acad. 1801, p. 352. 
 
 Readily known from the two preceding, by the shining, densely punctured and pubes- 
 cent elytra. Its form is more robust and the elytra more broadly oval. 
 From the same regions with pilosa. 
 
 Length .40-44 inch. 
 
 Occurs in Owens' Valley, California, (Horn), and western Nevada (Gabb). 
 
 Sub-Genus Blaptlis. 
 
 This sub-generic name is proposed for some small species in which the males have 
 two (sometimes three) basal joints of the anterior tarsi clothed with a rather dense silken 
 pubescence, obliterating entirely the groove. These joints are never dilated nor thick- 
 ened. The femora arc all unarmed. The thorax has rather strongly rounded sides, and 
 always greatly narrowed at base, frequently constricted, appearing to be almost peduncu- 
 late. The elytra are oval, strongly rounded on the sides, humeral angles usually obtuse. 
 The tibial spurs are usually short, stout and sub-equal. 
 
 This assemblage of characters will readily distinguish the species of this sub-genus, of 
 which cordata may be considered the central form. The peculiar tarsal vestiture is seen 
 also in the following sub-genus, where it becomes more spongy, and in ventricosa, where 
 the anterior tarsi of some males are more hairy than spinous. 
 
 Two sections are found in the sub-genus. The first contains species with a less 
 strongly constricted thorax, and with the lateral margin extending to the basal margin. 
 
 E. scabripennis, Leo., Proc. Acad. 1859, p. 77, 9; ineulta, Lee, Proe. Acad. 1861, p. 352, %. 
 
 The base of thorax is rather more strongly rounded, the disc much less convex, and 
 the sides much less rounded than any of the species of the sub-genns. The elytra are 
 very densely and irregularly muricately punctured. 
 
 From Santa Barbara and Ft. Tcjon, California. 
 
 Length .5S-.65 inch. 
 
 E. clavicornis, Exch., Zool. Atl. 0, p. 11 Mann. Beitrag. 270; impressicollis, Bohemann, Eugen. Tiesn. Ins.. 
 p. 90. 
 
 The impressicollis of Bohemann, is merely a specimen of this species with two thoracic fovea?. Accidental varie- 
 ties of this kind frequently occur in many of the species, especially in small individuals. 
 
 This species is among the smallest of the genus, and may be easily recognised from 
 the characters given in the table. The middle lobe of the mentuin is much more acute 
 and prominent than in its allies, resembling somewhat that of the larger species previously 
 
316 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONID.E OF AMERICA, 
 
 cited. The elytra are rather coarsely and densely punctured in scarcely evident lines, 
 each puncture bearing a short hair. 
 
 Occurs in California from San Francisco to the head of Sacramento Valley. 
 
 Length .36-50 inch. 
 
 E. lecontei, Horn; subrispera || Lee, New Species, p. 115. 
 
 I change the name given it by Leconte, Sober having used the name many years be- 
 fore. Closely allied to consohrina. The sides of the thorax are regularly rounded to the 
 basal angles, and the angles scarcely evident. The elytra! sculpture consists of irregularly 
 but closely placed granules. 
 
 Found in Colorado. 
 
 Length .60 inch. 
 
 E. co 11 so brin a, Lee, Ann. Lye. 5, ]>. 135; vcseyi, Lee, Proc. Acad. 1838, p. 187. 
 
 This species begins a series with the thorax more strongly constricted at base; in this 
 and the two following, however, the lateral line still extends to the base. The elytra! 
 sculpture consists of muricate punctures rather irregularly placed on the disc, he coming- 
 tubercles on the sides. 
 
 Abundant at Fort Tejon, California. 
 
 Length .60-. 14 inch. 
 
 E. tenebrosa, Mink, opaque. Head rather coarsely punctured; thorax one-third broader than long, very 
 coarsely punctured, becoming granular at the sides; sides strongly rounded, margin entire, basal angles moderately 
 prominent, rectangular; elytra elongate oval, moderately convex, sides moderately rounded, basal angles obtuse, sur- 
 face rather densely and irregularly covered with small, rounded, shining tubercles, arising from a very opaque base. 
 Under surface and legs coarsely and densely punctured. 
 
 From Owens' Valley, California, (collected by myself), and from western Nevada (by 
 Mr. Gabb). 
 
 Length .54k — .65? inch. 
 
 The elytra are scarcely broader at their broadest part than the thorax, and much less 
 rounded on the sides than any species of this section of the sub-genus. 
 
 E. planipenuis, Lee.. New Species, p. 116. 
 
 The elytra of this species are quite flat on the disc, and the margin less obtuse than 
 the other species. The thorax is also more deeply emarginate in front, and the anterior 
 femora rather more strongly sinuate. The elytra are also more finely and less densely 
 muricately punctured. 
 
 From eastern New Mexico. 
 Length .04 inch. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 317 
 
 The second section of the sub-genus contains those species in which the thorax is 
 strongly constricted at base, almost pedunculate, and the lateral marginal line not attain- 
 in"' the basal margin. On account of the extreme variation of which the species are sus- 
 ceptible, many more names have been applied to the varieties than we can draw lines to 
 separate. On account of the difficulty of ascertaining accurately the forms to which Esch- 
 scholtz's names were applicable, Dr. Leconte obtained types from Europe, some of which 
 were carefully compared by the late Dr. Schauta, while others were furnished by Mene- 
 tries and Motschulslcy from the original collection of Eschscholtz, and with this assistance 
 and the large numbers of specimens in Dr. Leconte's cabinet and my own, I can safely as- 
 sert that but three species should be recognized in the fourteen varieties already known to us. 
 
 E. par vi colli s, Esch., Zool. Atl. 3, p. 12; Mann. Beitrag. 2T1; planaia, Esch.., et Mann. loo. cit. ; produota, 
 Mann., loc. cit.; parvicollis, Esch., et Mann. loc. cit.; scabrosa, Esch., et Mann., loc. cit.; constricts, Lee, Proc. 
 Acad. 1858, p. 187. 
 
 This species has the thorax comparatively smooth. The punctures, though rather 
 coarse, are never confluent, and the thorax has never the scabrous appearance of the two 
 succeeding species. The elytra are also rather coarsely punctured than intricately rugose, 
 as in the next. The form of elytra varies greatly, and on this alone have been founded 
 the numerous names cited above as synonyms. 
 
 E. prod acta has the humeral angles very distinct and the disc of the elytra more flat- 
 tened, approaching in this respect planipennis. The humeral angles, however, become 
 less distinct, and at the same time the disc more convex, and the transition is very grad- 
 ual and easy through planata and parvicollis to scabrosa. Typical specimens of all the 
 species are before me, and it is easy to complete series leading gradually from one form to 
 the other, all preserving, however, the common characters given in the synoptic table. 
 
 This species is abundant at San Francisco and around the hay in a southerly direction. 
 
 Length .42—64 inch. 
 
 E. cordata, Esch., Zool. Atl. 3, p. 12; Mann. Beitr., p. 273; tuberculala, Esch., et. Mann loc cit.; intricate!,, 
 Mann., Beitr., p. 273; rotundipennis, Lee, striata, Lee, Pacif. R. R. Reports, App. 1. p. 50. 
 
 Differs from the preceding in having the thorax densely and continently punctured. 
 The sides of the thorax are more strongly rounded in front, behind the middle nar- 
 rowing rather suddenly, causing them to appear somewhat sub-angulate. This character is 
 seen in the next species, but never in the previous one. The elytra are also more rugose, 
 the spaces between the punctures are elevated and convex, and more or less continent 
 transversely. 
 
 The species is abundant in the region of San Francisco, extending its range to the 
 southward through the Sacramento Valley and into Oregon, where it is replaced by the 
 next species. 
 
 Length .40-.62 inch. 
 
 AMERI. PHILOSO. SOC. — VOX,. XIV. — 80 
 
318 REVISION OF THE TENEBRION1D.E OF AMERICA, 
 
 E. piraelioides, Mann., Beitrag. 274; Mag. Zool. 1843, pi. 129; viator, Leo., Proc. Acad. 1858, p. 188; suhli- 
 rjula, Lea, Pacif. R. R. Rep., App. 1, p. 50. 
 
 The elytra of this species are more opaque than either of the preceding, and have rows 
 of small rounded tubercles placed in rather regular series, less distinct along the suture. 
 The form of thorax is similar to the preceding, and is coarsely and continently punctured. 
 
 Abundant in Oregon and Montana, and is distributed in the same manner as nigrina^ 
 except that it does not extend into New Mexico. 
 
 Length .38-54 inch. 
 
 In all the species of this sub-genus the middle lobe of the mentum is rather broader, 
 more obtuse in front (except clavicomis), and the lateral lobes much less evident than in 
 the normal Eleodes (sub-gen.) In clavicomis the middle lobe is rather prominent and 
 more produced. 
 
 Sub-Genus Promvs. 
 
 The first and second joints of the anterior tarsi of the male are thickened and flat- 
 tened beneath, and densely clothed with a very hue almost spongy pubesence. Combined 
 with these there is a peculiar more or less fusiform outline to the species. The sides of 
 the thorax always converge anteriorly, and the elytra become gradually broader in the 
 same line with the sides of the thorax. 
 
 E. opaca, Say, (Blaps) Joura. Acad. ". p. 202; (Eleodes) Lee; (Promusj Lee, Class. Col. X. Am., p. 226. 
 
 In this species the dorsum of elytra is quite flat, the margin rather acute, the surface 
 is opaque and sparsely covered with short recumbent setose hairs. The base of elytra is 
 deeply emarginate, the angles clasping the obtuse basal angles of the thorax. The first 
 two joints of the anterior tarsus of the male are distinctly broader. The femora are un- 
 armed. 
 
 Occurs abundantly on the plains of Kansas and Colorado. 
 
 Length .42— .50 inch. 
 
 E. fusiformis, Lee. Proc. Acad. 1858, p. 184. 
 
 Similar in form to the preceding. The dorsum is, however, much less flattened and 
 the margin not acute. The surface is black and shining, neither opaque nor pubescent, 
 but rather finely and closely sub-seriately punctured. The elytral humeral angles clasp 
 the angles of the thorax. The femora are mutic. The joints of the anterior tarsi can 
 hardly be called dilated, still their vertical measurement is greater than that of the female, 
 in which the joints are nearly cylindrical. There need be no doubt as to the position oi 
 the species, its peculiar form and produced humeral angles show its relationship with 
 fi/Hica. 
 
 Occurs rarely, on the plains of Nebraska, southward through New Mexico, and is 
 more abundant, though by no means common, in Texas. 
 Length .50-60 inch. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 319 
 
 E. seriata, Lee, Proo. Acad. 1858, p. 185. 
 
 The elytra of this species are frequently inflated in the female, always very convex 
 and without any semblance of even an obtuse margin. Their sculpture consists of distant 
 rows of large and rather distant punctures. The anterior femora of the male are armed 
 with an obtuse tooth, and the two basal joints distinctly thickened and dilated. 
 
 Occurs in New Mexico and Texas. 
 
 Length .66-80 inch. 
 
 E. subnitens, Lee, Ann. Lye. 5, 134. 
 
 Similar in form to seviata, but less robust and more fusiform. The elytral margin is 
 regularly rounded, as in the preceding species. The surface is sub-opaque and the sculp- 
 ture of distant stria? of fine punctures. The male has an acute tooth to the anterior fe- 
 mur, and the two basal joints very distinctly thickened. 
 
 The unique specimen came from the region of Arizona traversed by the Gila River. 
 
 Length .70 inch. 
 
 E. striolata, Lee, Proc. Acad. ls."is, p. 185. 
 
 It is not without some misgivings that I place this species in the present sub-genus. 
 Three specimens are known to me, all females. The anterior spurs of the anterior tibia? 
 in all the species of Promus, are similar in structure to that seen in Section B, Group I. 
 Eleodes, thus increasing the difficulty of assigning places in the genus to females when 
 the male is unknown. The anterior femora of the specimen before me are very feebly 
 sinuate, and should the male prove to have simple tarsi and a toothed femur, the species 
 should be placed near extricata. As in the two preceding species, the basis of elytra are 
 very feebly emarginate, the angles acute, neither prolonged nor clasping the thoracic base. 
 The surface is marked with approximate stria? of rather hue punctures. The apex of 
 elytra is faintly prolonged, with the tips of the elytra slightly separated. 
 
 Occurs in southwestern Texas and adjoining regions of Mexico. 
 
 Length .65-.7T inch. 
 
 DISCOGEXIA, Lee. 
 Discogenia, Lee, New Spec. 117. 
 
 This genus differs from Eleodes by very feeble characters, the value of which may be 
 at any time lessened by the discovery of intermediate forms. The " mentum is quite flat, 
 not at all trilobed, but transverse, widened from the base to the middle, then rounded, 
 both at the front and sides, the lateral angles being also rounded at tip; the surface is 
 punctured and is foveate on each side near the angle." The epipleura? of the elytra, as in 
 Eleodes, are rather suddenly dilated at base and are slightly visible from above. The 
 tarsi are similar in both sexes and rather coarsely spinous beneath. The tibial spurs are 
 similar in the sexes and nearly equal. 
 
320 REVISION' OF THE TEXEBRIONID.E OF AMERICA, 
 
 D. marginata, Escli., (Eleodes) Zool. Atl. 3, 10; Mann. Beitrag. 209. FiscJieri, Mann., Rev. Zool. 1840, p. 
 137; Beitrag. 260. Lee. (Discogenia) New Species, 117. 
 
 The thorax is broader than long, strongly rounded on the sides and finely margined, 
 and with the hind angles not prominent; anteriorly feebly emarginate angles obtuse. 
 The elytra are oval, rather pointed behind, and scarcely wider than the thorax, the hu- 
 meral angles are obtuse. The anterior femora of the male arc armed with an obtuse 
 tooth, the femora of the female are mutic. 
 
 Occurs not abundantly in the region surrounding the Bay of San Francisco. 
 
 Length .56— .82 inch. 
 
 D. scabricula, Lee., (Eleodes) Prue. Acad. 1858, p. 1ST; (Discogenia) New Species, p. 117. 
 
 This species is more robust, much more rugosely sculptured, and differs especially in 
 the anterior femora of the female being armed with an obtuse tooth. 
 Length .76 inch, 
 
 EMBAPHIOX, Say. 
 
 Embaphion, Say, Journ. Acad. 3, p. 2."i3; Lacordaire Genera V., p. 152. 
 
 This genus is separated from Eleodes by rather feeble characters. The epipleurse are 
 alwavs narrow, the suture rarely visible except at apex, at base scarcely and not suddenly 
 wider, never attaining the humoral angles of elytra. The anterior tibiae at base are very 
 distinctly sinuate in the males, less in the females. The thorax and elytra are always 
 acutely, sometimes broadly, margined; the elytral margin more or less distinctly refiexed. 
 The mentum is trilobed, the middle lobe broad, rounded in front, the lateral lobes small 
 
 and indexed. 
 
 E. muricatum, Say. Journ. Acad. 3, 251; con /•arum, Lee.. Proc. Acad. VI, p. 44(1; Thomson, Arcana 1. pi. 
 xii, fig. 10. 
 
 This species may be readily distinguished from the others of the genus by the very 
 broad foliaceous margin of the thorax and elytra, very strongly refiexed. The elytral 
 margin extends beyond the apex and the two meet on a line with the suture. The thor- 
 acic margin is broad and widens behind, so that the hind angles are prominent, sub-acute, 
 and project backwards over the basal angles of the elytra. The thorax itself (less the 
 margins) is narrow, longer than broad, and about equal to half the width of the elytra 
 (without margin). The disc of elytra (without margin) is elongate oval, the humeral 
 angles not prominent and are rounded. The angles formed by the margin arc nearly 
 right. The base of the thorax is strongly Insinuate ; the base of the thorax proper be- 
 ing rounded, that of the margin on each side emarginate. The base of elytra is emargin- 
 ate at middle, and on each side broadly rounded. Concavwn, Lee. is merely a large 
 form with more strongly refiexed margins. The elytra of both forms are sculptured with 
 approximate scries of fine punctures, each bearing a short hair. 
 
 Occurs rather abundantly from Kansas to Texas. 
 
 Length .50-76 inch. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 3"21 
 
 E. con tu sum, Lee, .Tourn. Acad., Ser. '2, 4, p. 40; Smithson. Cent. 1839; Col., Kans. and New Hex. 15, 
 pi. 1. fig. 8. 
 
 This species may be known by the broader thorax (proper), with narrower, less re- 
 flexed margins. The margin is. however, thin, as in the preceding, and formed by the 
 sudden attenuation of the sides of the thorax. The sides of the margin are rounded from 
 apex and not broader at base. The basal angles are broadly rounded. The base of 
 thorax has the hind angles more prominent than the middle of the base, the middle very 
 squarely truncate. The elytra are elongate oval, and the humeral angles (without margin) 
 distinct, though obtuse, the margin is acute, slightly reflexed, and always attaining flic 
 apex of the elytra. The males are always provided with an apical prolongation of the 
 elytra, rather abrupt and with the tips slightly separated. The epipleura? are always 
 poorly defined except near the apex. The sculpture above is similar to the preceding 
 species; specimens from Arizona are more opaque. 
 
 Occurs from Kansas to Arizona, 
 
 Length .50—78 inch. 
 
 E. elongatum . This is the most elongate of our species, the elytra being fully twice longer than broad. The 
 thorax is less margined than the preceding, and the disc moderately convex above, evidently narrower behind. The 
 thorax is emarginate in front, less deeply than the preceding. The middle of the base is slightly prolonged, and the 
 angles formed by the margin very obtusely rounded. The elytra are elongate, feebly rounded on the sides, gradually 
 narrowing to apex and attenuate, margin acute, not foliaceous, extending to apex. Humeral angles distinct, Epi- 
 pleura indistinctly defined except at apex. The legs are long and slender, the hind femur longer than the first four 
 abdominal segments. The head is sparsely muricately punctured, the thorax is sparsely punctured on the disc, granu- 
 lar on the margins, the elytra are sculptured as in the preceding species. 
 
 Occurs in western Nevada. For the only specimen in my cabinet I am indebted to Mr. Win. M. Gabb, of the 
 Geological Survey of California. 
 
 Length .CO, width .20 inch. 
 
 E. planum. Thorax one-half broader than long, feebly convex above and slightly narrower behind, anteriorly 
 not deeply emarginate, posteriorly with the middle of base truncate, not prolonged, margin acute, not foliaceous nor 
 suddenly formed. Margin gradually rounded, slightly broader behind, hind angles obtuse, rounded and slightly pro- 
 jecting beyond the middle of the base. Elytra elongate oval, sides rounded, gradually narrowing to apex and acute 
 behind, not caudate. Margin acute, feebly reflexed. not attaining the apex. Disc flattened, never concave, angles 
 distinct, rounded, middle of base prolonged. Epipleural limits distinctly defined. The sculpture is similar in all re- 
 spects to conlusum. 
 
 In this species the thorax is broader than one elytron and nearly equals the breadth 
 of one-and-a-halt. It may be readily distinguished from contusum by the width of the 
 disc of the thorax, by the males being never caudate or having suddenly acute elytra, by 
 the greater distinctness of the epipleural limits and by the margin of the elytra never at- 
 taining the apex. 
 
 Occurs in Kansas and Colorado. 
 
 Length .26-.70 inch. 
 
 AMEKI. PII1L0S0. SOC. — VOL. XIV. — 81 
 
3"3"J REVISION OF THE TENEBRIOXID..E OF AMERICA, 
 
 E. deprossum, Leo.. (Eleodes) Ann. Lye. 5, 136; (Embaphion) List of Col. N. A., p. 60. 
 
 In this species the thin margin is almost totally wanting. The thorax is moderately 
 convex, one-third broader than long, very coarsely punctured, slightly narrower behind. 
 The sides are moderately rounded. Anteriorly rather feebly emarginate, posteriorly with 
 the middle of the base slightly prominent, angles obtuse. Elytra broadly oval, base 
 emarginate, angles prominent, sides strongly rounded, gradually narrowing to apex. Mar- 
 ginal line attaining the apex. Epipleunc limited by a very distinct elevated line. Third 
 abdominal segment placed obliquely to the second, especially evident in the males. The 
 antenna', legs, parts of mouth and last two abdominal segments, are ferruginous brown in 
 color. The elytra have rows of moderately coarse punctures, bearing short hairs, and are 
 generally more rugose than any of the preceding species. 
 
 This is the most robust species of the genus, and is especially noticeable in having the 
 thorax and elytra more distant. The antennae are also shorter and stouter, and with the 
 basal joints more pubescent. 
 
 Occurs rarely at Vallecito (Leconte), Maricopa Desert (Horn). 
 
 Length .38-41 inch. 
 
 In a review ol the species of Embaphion, it will lie particularly noticed that there is a 
 gradual lessening of the foliaceous margin from muricatum to depress urn. In consequence 
 of this, the anterior emargination of the thorax diminishes from the deep notch with al- 
 most parallel sides, almost equalling in depth the length of the head, {muricatum') to the 
 simple broad shallow emargination so frequently seen in Eleodes. In the broadly mar- 
 gined species the thorax proper is narrow, sometimes longer than wide, and with a dimi- 
 nution of the margin the thorax gradually widens, until, in depressum, the thorax is much 
 broader than long, and the margin almost entirely absent. The epipleural line follows 
 the same rule; almost entirely absent except at apex in the margined species, it becomes 
 more distinct until va. planum and depressum the whole course is marked either by a faint 
 groove in the one and a distinctly elevated line in the other. In all the species except 
 planum the lateral margin of the elytra extends to the apsx. The humeral angles of the 
 elytra proper (without the margin) are the more distinct as the acute margin is less so, 
 and in depressum the rather deep emargination of the elytral base causes them to become 
 quite prominent. 
 
 Following these characters our species may be tabulated; 
 
 Hind angles of thorax acute and overlapping the humeral angles of elytra. 
 
 Body broadly margined. muricatum. 
 
 Hind angles of thorax obtuse, not overlapping basal angles of elytra ; 
 body acutely, not broadly, margined. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 323 
 
 Thorax sparsely and not coarsely punctured, distinctly margined; not 
 distant from elytra ; legs black ; abdominal segments on same 
 plane. 
 Elytral margin attaining apex of elytra. 
 
 Broadly oval; males distinctly caudate. contusum. 
 
 Elongate oval; elytra gradually narrowed. elongatum. 
 
 Elytral margin not attaining the apex. 
 
 Males not caudate. plan u m . 
 
 Thorax very coarsely punctured ; elytra broadly oval, sub-rugose ; 
 
 legs ferruginous brown ; third abdominal segment oblique. depres s u m . 
 
 TRIBE XVIII SCAURINI. 
 
 Body elongate, apterous ; head prolonged behind the eyes, which are narrow, trans- 
 verse, reniform and moderately coarsely granulate ; front prolonged, concealing the labrum, 
 sides dilated and slightly reflexed ; mentum small, distinctly trilobed, lateral lobes in- 
 flexed, ligula prominent, gular peduncle distinct; palpi with the last joint dilated; gular 
 peduncle distinct ; antenna? eleven-jointed, outer joints rounded, transverse. Elytra feebly 
 embracing the abdomen, with narrow epipleura? attaining the tip ; mesostcrnum short, 
 side pieces narrow, epimcra distinct. Anterior coxa? rounded, middle coxa? with distinct 
 trochantin ; hind coxa? distant ; scutellum broad, not penetrating between the elytra. 
 Tarsi coarsely spinous beneath. 
 
 The scutellum occupies almost entirely the mesonotum. In addition to the very minute 
 punctures, almost entirely hidden in tine pubescence, the antennae have the outer joints 
 coarsely punctured. This same peculiarity is less distinctly reproduced among the Tene- 
 brionini, between which tribe and Blaptini the Scanrini naturally occupy an intermediate 
 position. 
 
 The tribe is divisible into two groups. 
 
 Third joint of antennae long; joints four to eleven gradually diminishing, terminal joint acute. Intercoxal pro- 
 cess of first abdominal segment broader than long, the segment equal to the second and third; third and fourth seg- 
 ments very short and deeply emarginate. Femora of male toothed, strongly olavate. cerenofi. 
 
 Third joint of antennae not elongate; joints four to eleven sub-equal; last joint rounded; intercoxal process longer 
 than broad; first segment of abdomen not longer than the two succeeding; third and fourth segments feebly emar- 
 ginate; femora never suddenly clavate and always mutic. eulabes. 
 
 GROUP I — EULABES. 
 
 ETJLABIS, Esch. 
 
 Eulabis, Esch., Zool. Atl. Ill, p. 14. 
 Epantius, Lee, Ann. Lye. V., p. 144. 
 Apsena, Lee., Glass. Col. X. A., p. 228. 
 
 Tins genus alone constitutes the group, and may be readily recognized by the charac- 
 
;p24 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONID/E OF AMERICA, 
 
 tors already <nven. The mentum as in Eleodes varies in form without affording reliable 
 data on winch to divide the genus. Our species may be arranged as follows: 
 Thorax bicostate, gradually narrowing behind, sides slightly sinuous 
 
 near the land angles, margin acute, rerlexed. bicarinata. 
 
 Thorax not costate, margin not reflexed, sides regularly rounded. 
 
 Legs black ; species large. g r o s s a . 
 
 Legs ferruginous; species smaller. 
 Elvtra finely costate. 
 
 Thorax as wide at base as base of elytra ; elytra not 
 
 pubescent. rufipes. 
 
 Thorax narrower at base than elytra ; elytra pubescent, p u b e s c en s . 
 Elytra with series of large, distant, shallow punctures, inter- 
 stices not elevated. 
 Thorax narrower at base than elytra; elytra glabrous. obscura. 
 
 E. bicarinata, Esch., Zool. Atl. Ill, p. 15, pi. 13, fig. 8. Figured also by Solier, Baudi e Truqui Stiuli. 
 Entom. pi. 11, fig. 1. 
 
 Occurs not rarely at San Francisco and Sacramento, California, under stones, etc. 
 
 Length .30-.40 inch. 
 
 E. gross a, Lee, New Species, p. 118. 
 
 Entirely black, sub-opaque. 
 
 Occurs on the Island of San Clemente, coast of California. 
 
 Length .47-55 inch. 
 
 E. rufipes, Eseli., Zool. Atl. Ill, p. 15. 
 
 Readily distinguished by the characters given in the table. The humeral angles are 
 more acute than in any species excepting bicarinata. 
 
 Occurs abundantly at San Francisco and in the San Joaquin A alley. 
 Length .25-28 inch. 
 
 E. pubescens, Lee, Ann. Lye V.. p. 1 14; (Apsena Class. Col. X. A., p. 228. 
 The pubescence of the elytra is very short, erect, and of a yellow color. 
 Occurs at San Diego, San Clemente, and in the Peninsula of California. 
 Length .30-38 inch. 
 
 E. obscura, Luc, (Epantius) Ann. Lye V.. p. 144; (Eulabis) Clnss. Col. N. A., p. 228. 
 
 Differs from the other species in the sculpture ot the elytra. The generic character: 
 are of too feeble value to allow the genus to be retained, as stated in Class. Col. N. A. 
 p. 228. 
 
 Occurs in the southern part of California. 
 
 Length .30 inch. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 325 
 
 GROUP II CERENOn. 
 
 Two genera are very clearly indicated among the species heretofore considered as con- 
 stituting but one. 
 
 External apical angle of anterior tibiae not prolonged. argoporis. 
 
 " " prolonged. cerenopus. 
 
 U CC u 
 
 ARGOPORIS, n. gen. 
 
 The species of this genus differ from those of Cerenopus, in having the anterior tibiae 
 curved and the outer angle rounded. The epistoma is also rounded in front, never emar- 
 ginate or squarely truncate. The labium is more prominent. The tibise of the males are 
 all denticulate within. The anterior and posterior femora are equally clavate. 
 
 Two species in our own fauna and one from Mexico (probably undescribed) constitute 
 this genus, as follows : 
 Elytra finely sulcate, interstices elevated. 
 
 Hind femora % with an acute tooth, with denticulate edges. sulcipennis. 
 
 Elytra with rows of large punctures, interstices flat. 
 Legs ferruginous. 
 
 Hind femora i with a bifid tooth. bi color. 
 
 (Legs black ; male not seen. Mexico. a t r i p e s .) 
 
 A. sulcipennis, Lee, (Cerenopus) Ann. Lye. V., p. 143. 
 
 Differs from bicolor in the elytral sculpture and the form of tooth of hind femur of 
 male. The legs are ferruginous. The upper surface of body is rather more opaque than 
 either of the other species, and the thorax more densely and coarsely punctured. 
 
 Occurs in Oregon, California and Arizona. 
 
 Length .44-.54 inch. 
 
 A. bicolor, Lee., (Cerenopus) Ann. Lye. V., p. 143. 
 
 The thorax of this species is finely and sparsely punctured, and the entire upper sur- 
 face of bodv glabrous. 
 
 Occurs very abundantly in Arizona, Specimens arc also found in Sonora and the 
 Colorado Desert. 
 
 Length .L2-.58 inch. 
 
 CERENOPUS, Lee. 
 Cerenopus, Lee., Ann. Lye. V., p. 143. 
 
 The external apical angle of the anterior tibiae is always prolonged, though rather ob- 
 tuse at apex, and the tibiae feebly arcuate. The anterior femora are always very suddenly 
 clavate in the male, the thickened portion being quadrangular in section, and notably 
 ameri. rniLoso. soc. — vor,. xiv. — 82 
 
326 REVISION OF THE TENEBKIONID^E OF AMERICA, 
 
 more enlarged than the posterior femora. The anterior tibiae are alone denticulate on the 
 inner margin. The species have black legs, are three in number, and may be distin- 
 guished as follows : 
 
 Hind femora % denticulate, one tooth slightly longer. 
 
 Epistoma prolonged, excavate beneath. c o n c o 1 o r . 
 
 Hind femora i armed with a long acute tooth. 
 
 Elytra with rows of large punctures, interstices flat. cribra tus . 
 
 Elytra with rows of small punctures, interstices alternately 
 
 more elevated. cost u 1 a t u s . 
 
 E. con color. Lee, Ann. Lye. V.. p. 143; Thomson, Annua 1. pi. xii, fig. 3. 
 
 The largest species of the genus. It may he known by the armature of the hind 
 femora of the male, the more prolonged and excavated epistoma. The elytra are oval, 
 broader at or behind the middle, and the surface marked with rows of large faintly im- 
 pressed punctures, of which the interstices are scarcely convex. The outer joints of the 
 antennae are less transverse than in the following species. The thorax is also more deeply 
 emarginate at base. 
 
 Occurs on the borders of the Colorado Desert, and in the northern end of the Penin- 
 sula of Lower California. 
 
 Length .70-.94 inch. 
 
 C. cribratus, Lee, Proc. Acad. 1861, p. 337. 
 
 With the same general form of the preceding species, this one has the thorax less 
 narrowed behind and less emarginate at base. The elytra are oval, broader in front of the 
 middle. The rows of large punctures are arranged in pairs. Near the apex of the elytra 
 the interspaces between the second and third, and sixth and seventh rows are elevated 
 and confluent, and form on each elytron a very prominent tubercle. The outer joints of 
 the antennae are more transverse than in concolor. The hind femora of the males are 
 armed with a. rather long acute tooth, the females are unarmed. 
 
 Occurs at the extremity of the Peninsula of Lower California. 
 
 Length .50— .70 inch. 
 
 C. costulatus. Black, sub-opaque; thorax sub-quadrate, slightly longer than broad and somewhat narrower 
 behind; apex truncate, base feebly emarginate, hind angles rectangular; sides rounded in front, straight behind the 
 middle. Elytra elongate oval, wider in front of middle; surface striate, strise with coarse feebly impressed punctures, 
 interstices elevated, sub-acute, alternately larger, the first and third of the larger costaj confluent near the apex, form- 
 ing a slight elevation. 
 
 Hind femora of males with an acute tooth. 
 
 Tins species bears a very close relationship to the preceding, though abundantly dis- 
 tinct. The thorax is more quadrate and much more distinctly punctured. The antennae 
 have the last five joints very transverse, more than twice broader than long. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 327 
 
 Two male specimens only were collected by Mr. Wm, M. Gabb, near the centre of 
 the Peninsula of Lower California. 
 Length .64 inch. 
 
 TRIBE XIX — AMPHIDORINT. 
 
 Mentum transverse, trapeziform, and sub-trilobed ; ligula moderately prominent, 
 small, truncate in front; last joint of palpi oval, last joint of maxillary palpi securiform or 
 triangular. Head short, deeply inserted ; eyes not prominent and deeply emarginate by 
 the sides of the front. Epistoma emarginate. Labrum moderately prominent, transverse, 
 basal membrane not visible. Antennae moderately robust, third joint equalling the two 
 succeeding, joints four to eight obconical, equal, last three joints broader and thicker, the 
 terminal being oval, more or less pointed. Intercoxal process of abdomen usually broad, 
 truncate. Tarsi clothed with long, coarse hairs. Body clothed with erect hairs. 
 
 The group of genera forming this tribe has been a source of trouble to all investiga- 
 tors who have undertaken its study, and as many different opinions prevail as attempts 
 made to place it. While the group exhibits undoubted tendencies in its lower forms 
 towards the Helopini. as a whole the affinities toward the Blaptini and Tenebrionini are 
 more evident. The form of head is rather that of Upis or even Eleodcs than Helops. 
 The eyes are here very feebly convex and distinctly emarginate anteriorly by a prolonga- 
 tion backward of the sides of the front. In Helops the eyes are almost entirely free in 
 front, and the margin of the head directly in front of the eyes very distinctly angulate. 
 Lacordaire indicates affinities in the direction of Praocis, but any discussion of this subject 
 beyond the genera of our own fauna is foreign to the objects of the present paper. 
 
 Our sjenera may be distinguished from each other by the following table : 
 
 Epipleura? broad. 
 
 Outer joints of antenna? sub-globose ; first joint of hind tarsi elongate, 
 longer than the second; intercoxal process of abdomen broad trun- 
 cate; presternum produced behind the coxa?; hind tibia? of male 
 with a tooth near apex. CRATIDUS. 
 
 Epipleura? narrow. 
 
 Outer joints of antenna? sub-globose ; first joint of hind tarsi as long 
 as the two following ; intercoxal process broad truncate ; presternum 
 produced ; mesosternuin prominent. AMPHIDORA. 
 
 Outer joints of antenna? sub-triangular; first joint of hind tarsi 
 longer than the second ; intercoxal process narrow, oval at tip ; pro- 
 sternum not produced behind the coxa?; mesosternum not promi- 
 nent. STEXOTRICIIUS. 
 
328 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONIILE OF AMERICA, 
 
 CRATIDUS, Lee. 
 Cratidus, Lcc, Class. Col. N. A., p. 230. 
 
 After the characters given defining the tribe, and those above in the table of genera, 
 it is unnecessary to add anything further here. 
 Two species constitute this genus. 
 
 Hind angles of thorax distinct, osculans. 
 
 1 Iind angles of thorax rounded. rotundicollis. 
 
 E. osculans, Lee., (AmpMdora) Ann. Lye. V., p. Kill; (Cratidus) Class. Col. N. A., p. 2:19; Thomson, Ar- 
 cana 1. pi. xii, tig. 4. 
 
 The sides of the .thorax an 1 strongly rounded, and the hind angles distinct. The elytra 
 are rather densely punctured, with an obscure tendency in larger punctures to form strife. 
 Tic hairs are long, yellow, and erect, The sexes do not differ greatly in the shape of 
 the body ; the males are, however, slightly narrower and more attenuate behind. 
 
 Length .50-.70 inch. 
 
 Abundant in California, at and south of Fort Tejon. 
 
 C. rotundicollis, similar in form to the preceding, hut differing in the following particulars: 
 
 Sides of thorax strongly rounded from the anterior to the hind margins, hind angles not prominent. Surface of 
 
 thorax more shining, less densely and coarsely punctured. Elytra with distinct stri;e of large punctures, intervals 
 
 flat, very finely and sparsely punctured. Surface less densely pilose with shorter hairs. 
 
 Length .66-74: inch. 
 
 The males here differ more notably in form from the other sex than in the preceding 
 species. The elytra of male are more elongate and are gradually narrowed from a point 
 slightly behind the humeri ; their dimensions in length and greatest breadth in the two 
 sexes are as follows : male length .50, breadth .3!), female length .44, breadth .33 inch. 
 
 The figure given by Lacordaire (Genera, pi. 77, fig. 3). although a rather inferior illus- 
 tration, will serve to give an idea of the form of the hind angles ot the thorax of C oscu- 
 lans, and the two species can at a glance be distinguished by this character as well as by 
 the distinct rows of punctures of the elytra of rotundicolUs, and the denser ami more irre- 
 gular puncturing of the other species. 
 
 For my series of this species I must acknowledge indebtedness to Mr. Gabh, by whom 
 they were collected during tin exploration of the Peninsula of Lower California. 
 
 AM Till DOR A, Esch. 
 
 Amphidora. Esch., Zool. Atl. III. p. 0. 
 
 This genus may be known at once by the first joint of the hind tarsi being at least as 
 long as the two following united. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 329 
 
 Our species are four in number and may be known by the characters of the following- 
 table : 
 
 Elytra oval, not produced at apex in % ; hairs shorter. 
 
 Hairs yellow. littoralis. 
 
 Hairs black. 
 
 Elytra densely muricately punctured. nigropilosa. 
 
 Elytra less densely, and simply punctured. teneb rosa. 
 
 Elvtra elongate oval, caudate in % ; hairs longer, yellowish ; an- 
 terior femur of l armed. c a u d a t a . 
 
 A. littoralis, Eseh., Zool. Atl. IV, p. 13, pi. 18, fig. 0. 
 
 This species may be known by its smaller eye and by the yellowish hairs with which 
 it is clothed. The sides of the thorax are strongly rounded from the front to the hind 
 angles, the latter being very obtuse. The thorax is also nearly as broad as the elytra. 
 The sculpture of the elytra consists of rather densely placed coarse punctures, the larger 
 of which are arranged in indistinct striae. 
 
 Length .26-.34 inch. 
 
 Abundant around the Bay of San Francisco. 
 
 A. nigropilosa, Lee, Ann. Lye-. V, 136. 
 
 A pretty species, resembling, when deprived of its hair, Eleodes cordata. The sides of 
 the thorax are very convex, but the hind angles are quite distinct, the surface being rather 
 densely and coarsely punctured. The elytra are very broadly oval, slightly depressed, 
 and sculpture consists of dense muricate punctures without any tendency to their arrange- 
 ment in stria 5 . The hairs which everywhere rather sparsely clothe the body arc black 
 and nearly erect. 
 
 Length .36-48 inch. 
 
 Less abundant than the preceding, occurring in southern California, from Tejon to 
 to San Uiego. 
 
 A. tenebrosa, black, less shining, and sparsely clothed with black erect hairs. Head rather coarsely and 
 densely but not confluently punctured. Thorax broader than long, coarsely and moderately densely punctured; sides 
 strongly rounded, slightly narrowing behind; hind angles distinct. Elytra elongate oval, regularly convex with striee 
 of large punctures closely placed, of which the interstices are less coarsely and irregularly punctured. Beneath black, 
 shining, coarsely but sparsely punctured. 
 
 Length .40-46 inch. 
 
 Easily distinguishable from the preceding species, by its more elongate form and the 
 distinct stria? of punctures of the elytra. The thorax is nearly as broad as the elytra, 
 while in the preceding species the elytra are always more broadly oval, depressed above 
 and notably broader than the thorax. 
 
 Two specimens collected by Mr. Gabb, in Lower California. 
 ameri. miloso. sue. — vol. xiv. — 83 
 
330 
 
 REVISION OF THE TEXElililoXID.E OF AMERICA, 
 
 A. caudata, black, elongate, clothed with rather long brownish yellow hairs. Head rather coarsely but not 
 densely punctured. Thorax broader than long, narrower at base, convex, coarsely but not sparsely punctured; apex 
 feebly emarginate, angles rounded, base feebly rounded, angles marly rectangular; sides rounded, in front of middle 
 gradually narrowing to base. Elytra elongate oval, humeri moderately prominent, surface with stria- of rather coarse 
 punctures distantly placed; interstices sparsely punctured. Beneath coarsely and sparsely punctured. 
 
 Male. Elytra caudate, prolongation equal to the last abdominal segment; anterior femora with a small acute 
 tooth between the middle and apex. 
 
 Female. Elytra more broadly oval, not caudate; femora not toothed. 
 
 Length .5G i J, including Cauda) — .48 y inch. 
 
 Two specimens from the Maricopa Desert. Arizona. 
 
 Easily known by the several characters. The thorax is less punctured along the me- 
 dian line and more densely along the sides. 15v the characters already given this species 
 might, according to the usually received rules, be separated under a distinct generic name, 
 although here the variation from the type is no greater than that seen among the species 
 ofEleodes. The first joint of the hind tarsi does net here exceed the length of the two 
 following. 
 
 STEXOTRICHUS, Lee. 
 Stenotrichus, Lee., class. Col. X. A., p. 230. 
 
 S. ru li pes, Lee., (Amphidora) Ann. Lye. V., p. 1311. 
 
 litis species differs from all our other Amphidora?, by the under surface of the body 
 being pale brownish or ferruginous, with the le^'N of the same color. The generic differ- 
 ences have already been sufficiently adverted to in the preceding tables. 
 
 Length .2S-.44 inch. 
 
 Collected at San Diego, California. 
 
 TRIBE X X — TENEBRIONINI. 
 
 Mentum moderate or small, frequently trilobed in front, middle lobe sometimes promi- 
 nent. Ligula in general slightly visible, rarely very prominent. Mandibles bifid at tip. 
 [lead somewhat variable in form, always free. Eyes reniform, transverse. Epistoma 
 prominent, more or less rhomboidal. Labrum not prominent. Antenna? usually thicker 
 toward the tip (rarely slender), outer joints frequently perfoliate, third joint longer than 
 the following. Prothorax and elytra contiguous, the former feebly emarginate in front. 
 Scutellum small. Elytra feebly embracing the abdomen. Body winged or not. Tibial 
 spurs very small or scarcely visible. Tarsi pubescent beneath. Middle coxa? with dis- 
 tinct trochantin. 
 
 The tribe as above defined includes the Coelomctopides and Tenebrionides of Lacor- 
 daire, as united by Leconte, as well as Sitophagus and several new genera. The vestiture 
 of the tarsi is by no means uniform, and affords a means of dividing the tribe into two 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 331 
 
 sections. From the Scaurini this tribe may be distinguished by the absence of spines in 
 the vestiture of the tarsi, from the Amphidorini by the rather dense, long, coarse' hairs 
 forming- the vestiture in that tribe. The Ulomini are nearly all deprived of trochantin to 
 the middle coxa?, the third joint of antenna? usually short, the head deeply inserted in a 
 prothorax more deeply emarginate in front. 
 
 The tribe here defined has undoubtedly more complex relationships and affinities than 
 are found in any other tribe. The genus Polypleurus points strongly toward the Scaurini, 
 Tenebrio towards the Ulomini, Glyptotus in the direction of Helops, and Xylopinus 
 (a?nescens) toward the Strongyliini. A careful revision of the genera of the world would 
 undoubtedly cause an entire rearrangement of the genera, especially in those of the second 
 sub-tribe, and their apportionment in new tribes. 
 
 Two sub-tribes are here recognised. 
 
 Tarsi densely clothed with line, short, silken pubescence. upes. 
 
 Tarsi rather sparsely clothed with coarse pubescence. teneisiuones. 
 
 SUB-TRIBE I UPES. 
 
 The species of this group are all of moderate or large size, and are comprised in genera 
 containing but few species. Among the Upes we find genera varying greatly from the 
 type, showing strong affinities toward tribes of lower grades in their general organization. 
 These degradations of structure are the more evident among the last four genera, where 
 the antenna? assume a form closely allied to that of Helops, while in two of the genera 
 the anterior tarsi are slightly though very distinctly dilated in the males. The pubes- 
 cence of the tarsi loses that fine silken or velvet-like appearance and approximates that 
 seen among the species of the second sub-tribe. The mentum varies greatly in all the 
 genera, in some being flat and round, in others trilobed or convex at middle. The epi- 
 pleura? are usually abbreviated, in some few genera entire. The metasternum is long or 
 short, in accordance with the presence or absence of wings. The hind coxa? are some- 
 times widely, usually narrowly, separated by a triangular or oval intcrcoxal process. 
 
 In accordance with the variations of structure thus indicated briefly, our genera may 
 be tabulated as follows : 
 
 Antenna? with the outer joints transverse, perfoliate ; last joint sub-quadrate, rounded at 
 
 tip and larger than the preceding ; antenna? shorter than the head and thorax. 
 Epipleura? entire. 
 
 Epiplcura? not narrower at apex. polypleurus. 
 
 Epipleura? gradually narrowing to apex. 
 
 Mentum with small lateral indexed lobes. nyctobates. 
 
 Mentum without lateral lobes. iphtiiimus. 
 
332 REVISION OF THE TENEBUIONID.E OF AMERICA, 
 
 Epipleurse not attaining the tip of elytra. 
 
 Intercoxal process of abdomen broad, quadrangular, truncate. coelocnemis. 
 
 Interooxal process oval or acute, narrow. 
 Eyes feebly emarginate (broad at middle). 
 Femora strongly clavate. 
 
 Mentum prominent at middle. merinus. 
 
 Mention emarginate in front. PACHYURGUS, 
 
 Femora slender. 
 
 Hind tarsi long. upis. 
 
 Hind tarsi short. HAPLANDRUS. 
 
 Eves deeply emarginate (narrow at middle). 
 
 Mentum trilobed, middle lobe prominent and truncate. SCOTOB.ENUS. 
 
 Mentum flat, rounded in front. cibdelis. 
 
 Antenme slender, longer than head and thorax, outer joints triangular, 
 last joint oval, more or less acute. 
 Epipleurre attaining tip of elytra. glyptotus. 
 
 Epipleuwe not attaining the tip of elytra. 
 
 Anterior tarsi of male not dilated. riiixaxdrus. 
 
 Anterior tarsi of male feebly dilated. 
 
 Anterior margin of front reflexed. cextroxopus. 
 
 Anterior margin of front not reflexed. xylopixus. 
 
 POLYPLETTRUS, Each. 
 Polypleurus, Escli., Zool. All. IV, p. II. 
 The species of this genus are but three in number, and may be easily distinguished. 
 
 P. geminatus, Sol., Ann. Soc. Entom. France VII, p. 190; pi. 8, fig. 14. 
 
 Black and opaque. Elytra with double rows of large deep punctures, the interstices 
 between the double rows not elevated. The hind angles of the pro thorax are rectangular 
 and the base feebly sinuate. 
 
 Length .42- 50 inch. 
 
 Occurs in the southeastern Atlantic States. 
 
 P. perforates, Germar, (Upis) In. Spec. Xov., p. 148. 
 
 Black and opaque. The elytra are sculptured as in the preceding, the perforations 
 being rather deeper and the interpaces more distinctly costiform. The thorax is more 
 strongly sinuate behind and the angles more acute. The -.ides of the thorax are also 
 more rounded. 
 
 Length .42-.52 inch. 
 
 Occurs in the Gulf States. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 333 
 
 P. nitidus, Lee, New Species, p. 118. 
 
 Black, shining. The punctures of the elytra are smaller than in the preceding species. 
 This species is the largest as well as the least convex of the genus. 
 
 Length .65-1.02 inch. 
 
 Occurs in Florida. Hare in cabinets. The largest specimen I have seen is in the 
 collection of Mr. F. G. Sanborn, of Boston. 
 
 N YCTOB ATES, Guerin. 
 Nyctobates, Guerin, Mag. Zool. Ins. 1834; Melasomes, p. 33. 
 
 Notwithstanding the fact, that four species have been until the present recognised in 
 catalogues, it is impossible to define but two. 
 
 N. pensylvanica, DeGeer, (Tenebrio) Mem. V., p. 52, pi. 13, fig. 10; ehrysops, Ilerbst, (Upis) Col. 7, 23G; 
 sublavis, Beauv., (Tenebrio^ Insectes, pi. 31, fig. 4; inermis, Mann., Bull. Mosc. 1843, p. 284. 
 
 The species of this genus have almost entirely the form of Upis, but may be readily 
 known by the epipleune extending entirely to the apex of the elytra, although becoming 
 very narrow. 
 
 In the above synonymical list I have united our common eastern species and that from 
 California. There are absolutely no differences between them that cannot be shown to be 
 merely individual variations. The mentum in both has the disc or central portion rhom- 
 boidal, broader in front and slightly emarginate. The anterior angles, though rounded, 
 are distinct. The surface is coarsely punctured. The thorax is usually nearly square or 
 slightly narrowing in front. The elytra have faint stria 1 of fine punctures. 
 
 Length .80-.90 inch. 
 
 Occurs in every region of our country between the Atlantic and Pacific, from the 
 Northern and Middle States westward to California, where it occurs more abundantly in 
 moderately elevated regions, or where the climate is not hot. 
 
 N. barbata, Knoeh, (Tenebrio) N. Beitrag. 100, tab. 7, fig. 1; glabra, Herbst, (Upis) Col. 8, 32, tab. 119, fig. 
 8; intermedia, Haiti., Stansb. Exped. 376. 
 
 This species differs from the preceding in having the under surface of the mentum 
 rather densely clothed with hair. The disc of the mentum is also more rounded, and the 
 anterior angles are very obtuse and rounded. The thorax is usually broader than lomj, 
 always broader than the preceding species, and the sides in front more strongly rounded. 
 The punctured stria? of the elytra are also more defined, and their surfaces smoother and 
 at times glabrous or shining. The specimen called intermedia by Ilaldeman, differs only 
 in having the elytral punctures much less defined. 
 
 Length .66— .8!) inch. 
 
 This species occurs more especially in the Southern and Gulf States, where it is not 
 rare; it is very rarely met with in the Northern States. 
 
 A.MERI. PHILOSO. SOC. — VOT,. XIV. 84 
 
334 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONID.E OF AMERICA, 
 
 [PHTHIMUS, Truqui. 
 
 Iphthimus, Truqui, Stettin Ent. Zeitschrift 18:7, p. 93. 
 
 The species of this genus arc more depressed than those of any ether in the sub-tribe 
 excepting Scotobrenus. From our other genera with entire epipleurae this may be easily 
 distinguished (from Polypleurus) by the epipleura becoming very narrow behind, and 
 (from Nyctobates) by the thorax narrowing behind and becoming crenulate on the sides. 
 The men turn lias no lateral lobes. 
 
 Two species are found in our fauna, one from New England and Canada, the other 
 Western, ranging from Xew Mexico to Oregon and northern California. 
 
 I. opacus, Lee, New Species, 121. 
 
 Differs from the following in its smaller size, more robust form, as well as by its entire 
 absence of any lustre and by its very rugose sculpture. The thorax and head are very 
 coarsely and continently punctured. The former is less narrowed behind than in the next 
 species, tin 1 sides less rounded and more strongly crenulate. The anterior angles are also 
 more prominent. The elytral sculpture consists of deep stria 1 frequently interrupted, 
 forming thus series of short dashes, of which the interspaces are convex. 
 
 Length .60-.80 inch. 
 
 Occurs not uncommonly in Xew England and Canada. 
 
 I. serratus, Mum, {Nyctobates) Bull. Mjsc. 1843, p. 234. Lee, P.icit". R. R. Hep, IX. App. 1, pi. 2, fig. 5. 
 Lacord. (Iplithimus) Genera, Vol. V.. p. '671, note. 
 
 This species is larger than tin 1 preceding, and differs in tire characters given above, 
 and while these are apparently of but small moment, the appearances of the two species 
 are so different that one cannot be mistaken for tin 1 other. This species is distributed 
 over a large region of country, and suffers some variation in each, so that three types or 
 races may be distinguished as follows: 
 
 se v ratus, Lee. 
 
 This is the more opaque and rugose form. The head and thorax are both coarsely and 
 densely but not continently punctured. The elytra are sculptured witli series of inter- 
 rupted stria?, of which the interstices are flat and densely punctured. This form occurs 
 abundantly in Oregon and British Columbia. The forms described as Tpthinus servilis, 
 servator, and subligatus by Walker, in " The Naturalist in British Columbia," Vol. II. 
 pp. 3'2(> and 327, are probably merely individual variations of this one form. 
 Length .6S-.96 inch. 
 
 sublsevis, Lee,., List, (Nyctobates) Bland, Fine. Ent. Soc. 
 
 Differs from the preceding in its smoother sculpture. The head and thorax are mod- 
 erately smooth, being rather finely and sparsely punctured. The elytra are sculptured 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 335 
 
 with striee of punctures, with flat interstices finely and very sparsely punctured. The un- 
 der surface of the body is smoother and more shining. 
 
 Length .80-.96 inch. 
 
 The type specimens were from ('(dorado, others have since been found along the Sier- 
 ras of California. 
 
 Lcwisi i, Horn. 
 
 In this form the whole surface is still more shining than in the preceding two. The 
 stria? of the elytra are scarcely interrupted, the interstices convex, impunctured and finely 
 transversely wrinkled. 
 
 Length .80-.96 inch. 
 
 Collected rather abundantly by Dr. Lewis, in the region of the Raton Mountains of 
 eastern New Mexico. 
 
 COELOCNEMIS, Mann. 
 
 Coelocnemis, Mann., null. Mosc. 1843, p. 280. 
 
 The mentum is here broader than long, supported on a short, rather broad gular pe- 
 duncle, rounded on the sides, slightly emarginate in front and with the margins not in- 
 flexed. The sculpture of its surface varies. The tibia? of the male are apparently slightly 
 thickened in their lower half, somewhat flattened on the inner face, with line of fine pu- 
 bescence on each edge extending half way up, so that the tibia appears grooved on the 
 inner face. The intcrcoxal process of the abdomen is very broad and truncate at tip. The 
 first joint of the hind tarsi equals the second and third together, and very nearly equals 
 the last joint. The tibial spurs are here very short. The elytra are connate and the 
 body is apterous. 
 
 The species of this genus resemble Eleodes very closely in form, but may be at once 
 known by the tarsal vestiture and by the elytra feebly embracing the abdomen. The un- 
 der surface of the head of all the species is very rugose, by the confluence of rather deep 
 coarse punctures. All are shining, black. They are found rather abundantly in Califor- 
 nia, Oregon and Nevada, under stones or fallen bark, and are rarely found walking in 
 daylight, except when the day is dark and cloudy. They may then be found feeding on 
 growing plants, principally Saxifragea?. 
 
 Our four species may be distinguished as follows : 
 
 Thorax broader than long ; strongly rounded or sub-angulate at the sides. 
 Elytra broader behind the middle, suddenly declivous behind; thorax 
 narrower at base than long, always sub-angulate on the sides, 
 which are rounded anteriorly, sinuate posteriorly. dilaticollis 
 
336 REVISION OF THE TENEBEIOXID.E OF AMERICA, 
 
 Elytra broadly oval, broader in front of middle; gradually declivous 
 behind; thorax as broad at base as long, sides sub-angulate, 
 anteriorly rounded, posteriorly feebly sinuous or gradually 
 converging. o b e s a . 
 
 Elvtra elongate oval, more prolonged at apex; thorax as broad -at 
 base as long, never sub-angulate on the sides, which are regu- 
 larly rounded from apex to base. magna. 
 Thorax longer than broad, sides feebly rounded. 
 
 Elytra elongate oval, sides more nearly parallel ; rather suddenly de- 
 clivous behind. punctata. 
 
 C. dilaticollis, Mann., Bull. Mosc. 1843, p. 380; califomica, Mann., lor. cit.: redescribed and the latter 
 figured in Mag. Zool. 1844, pi. 133. 
 
 The differences mentioned by Mannerheim between these two species seem not to 
 warrant their being retained as distinct. The sculpture of the elytra is subject to varia- 
 tion, as will be seen, and the presence or absence of one stria may be owing to accidental 
 obliteration rather than a permanent absence from specific causes. The peculiar sculpture 
 of mentum £>'iven of califomica is also that of dilaticollis, and while each species has a 
 sculpture peculiar to itself, the differences are so slight as not to warrant any mention in 
 the synoptic table already given. The characters given will suffice to distinguish this 
 species from any which follows. The surface sculpture varies greatly. The Oregon spe- 
 cimens have the thorax sub-opaque, and densely finely punctured; the elytra arc also sub- 
 opaque, still more densely punctured and finely rugose. From this, gradual variations 
 may fie noted until the surface is smooth and shining, with rows (more or less distinct) of 
 small distant punctures. 
 
 Length . 6(3-1. 0(i inch. 
 
 Abundant in Oregon and California north of San Francisco. 
 
 C. obesa, Lee., Ann. Lye. V., 150. 
 
 The thorax is similar in outline to the preceding species, being, however, broader be- 
 hind and more convex above-. The elytra arc also more pointed behind and are gradually 
 declivous from the scutellum to the apex. 
 
 Length .90-1.12 inch. 
 
 This is the species of southern California and the Peninsula of Lower California. 
 
 C. magna, Lee., Ann. Lye. V., 150. 
 
 The sides of the thorax are in this species rounded and not sub-angulate, as in the 
 two preceding species, and the surface is more convex. The elytra are more elongate 
 and pointed behind. In form it resembles Eleocles gigantea. 
 
 Len-ith .90-1. IS inch. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 337 
 
 Abundant in California from San Francisco southward in the Sacramento and Tulare 
 Valleys, also at Fort Tejon. 
 
 C. punctata, Lee, Proc. Acad. VII. 225. 
 
 Differs in the proportions of the thorax. The elytra are also broader in proportion to 
 their length, and less rounded on the sides, and rather suddenly declivous behind. This 
 species was described from an unique specimen from an unknown locality. Since that 
 time three others were collected by Mr. Wm. M. Gabb, which I refer to the same species, 
 although differing from the type as well as from each other, very slightly however, in 
 form, but considerably in sculpture. 
 
 The typical specimen is rather densely but finely punctured on the thorax as well as 
 elytra. There is a faint indication of an arrangement of larger punctures in indistinct 
 stria?. 
 
 A specimen in my own cabinet is smooth, almost entirely impunctured. The elytra 
 exhibit very distinct stria? of large punctures, faintly impressed, becoming obsolete on the 
 sides and apex. 
 
 Another specimen has the tine punctation quite evident. The elytra are less feebly 
 striate, the stria? punctured and the interstices feebly convex and finely wrinkled. 
 
 The fourth specimen reproduces the dense puncturing of the type, but the elytra are 
 deeply striate, the interstices convex. The stria? are coarsely and the interstices densely 
 and finely punctured and feebly transversely wrinkled. The under surface is more evi- 
 dently punctured than the two preceding species, less, however, than in the typical form. 
 
 Notwithstanding these variations of sculpture, these four specimens are considered as 
 representatives of but one species, similar variations occurring in Eleodes and Iphthimus 
 to such an extent as to render it almost impossible to define varieties. 
 
 Length .80 (type)-l.lO (2nd specimen) inch. 
 
 This species occurs in Utah and Nevada. 
 
 The species of this genus appear to be confined, each within its own limits, as follows: 
 
 dilaticollis, Oregon and northern California, in and to the westward of the Coast 
 Range, southward to the Bay of San Francisco. 
 
 magna, central California and the great valley of the Sacramento River and Tulare 
 Lake, between the Sierras and Coast Range. 
 
 obesa, Peninsula of California and that portion of upper California southwest of the 
 Coast Range, forming part of the fauna of Arizona. 
 
 punctata, the deserts of Nevada and western Utah, and southward to New Mexico. 
 
 MERINUS, Lee. 
 Merinus, Lee, Class. Col. N. Amer., p. 230. 
 In this genus the middle lobe of the mentum is rather small, the lateral lobes or ala? 
 
 AMEHI. PHILOSO. SOC. — VOL. XIV. 85 
 
:>:>S REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONIDiE OF AMERICA, 
 
 well developed. The middle lobe is also prominent along- the middle and in front, the 
 lateral lobes with acute angles. The epipleurse extend beyond the last ventral suture. 
 The hind coxa' though rather widely separated, have the intercoxal process oval, rounded 
 in front. The males have the tibia' more strongly arcuate than the other sex, the hinder 
 tibia' being armed near the tip with an acute tooth. The femora in both sexes are 
 strongly clavate and slightly flattened. The only species known is winged. 
 
 JL Levis, Oliv., (Tenebrio) Ent. 3, 10. (Merinus) Lee, loc. cit., p. 2:11. 
 
 A large, elongate, sub-opaque, black insect, found not uncommonly under bark in the 
 Eastern and Middle States, and more rarely in Canada. Easily known by its clavate 
 femora and the peculiar armature of the hinder tibia 1 of male. 
 
 Length .70-1.04 inch. 
 
 PACHYTJRGTJS, Lee. 
 
 Pachyurgus, Lei-., Class. Col. X. Aiuer., p. 230. 
 
 Differs from the preceding genus, in the mentum being nearly flat in the middle and 
 emarginate in front, with acute angles. The femora are also clavate. The only specimen 
 known to me is a female; the males may have the posterior tibia' armed in Merinus. It 
 is doubtful whether these two genera should be retained as distinct. The genera of Tene- 
 brionini differ generally so slightly from each other that these may be retained as distinct 
 until the male shall become known to us. 
 
 P. aereus, Mels., {IpMhimits) Proc. Acad. :>, 65. Lee, {PacJiyurgua) loc. cit., p. 231. 
 
 This species is similar in form to M. Icevis. It has a metallic bronzed, shining surface. 
 The elytra have stria' with hue punctures, becoming rather less evident on the sides and 
 at the apex. 
 
 Length .(>'i inch. 
 
 The specimen in the cabinet of Dr. Leconte is the type of Melsheimer, and the only 
 one known. It is probable with this, as has already been discovered with other species, 
 that the insect is a foreign (South American I) form introduced by mistake, and described 
 as North American. 
 
 UPIS, F<ihr. 
 Epis, Fabi'., Ent. Syst. II, p. 7."i. 
 
 In this genus the mentum is oval, prominent in front, with a median longitudinal ele- 
 vation and a groove on each side. The femora, though thickened, are not so suddenly 
 nor so strongly clavate as in the two preceding genera. The epipleura? are not complete 
 behind, though reaching beyond the last ventral suture. 
 
 U. ceramboides, Linn., (Attelabus) Syst. Nat. II. p. 621. Fab., (Upis) loc. cit. reticulata, Say, Long's Ex- 
 pert. 2, 279. 
 
 This species common in Europe, is also found abundantly in the northern portion of 
 iir own Continent, occurring as fir south as Canada. 
 Length .54-75 inch. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 339 
 
 HAPLAXDRUS, Lee. 
 Haplandrus, Lee, Class. Col. X. A., p. 230: New Species, p. 121. 
 
 In this genus the mentum is trapezoidal, narrower behind, convex along the median 
 line, truncate in front, with the angles prominent or rounded ; inserted upon a narrow 
 peduncle. The presternum is slightly prolonged in all the species, the mesosternum con- 
 cave, receiving the presternum. The epipleura? extend beyond the last ventral suture, 
 hut not to the tip of the elytra. The femora are slender and the tarsi short. The head is 
 always more strongly detiexed than in any of the other genera of the sub-tribe. 
 
 The species resemble each other closely in outline, differing in the form of the men- 
 turn and front. All are winged. They may be known by the following characters : 
 
 Third joint of antenna? longer than fourth, twice as long as second. 
 
 Femora rufous, tibiae black ; surface opaque. f e m o r a t u s . 
 
 Le<}-s entirely black ; surface shining. a t e r . 
 
 Third joint of antenna? short. 
 
 Legs black ; surface opaque. con color. 
 
 H. fe mo rat us. Fab., (Trogosita) Syst. El. 1. 154; (Tenebrio) Beauv. Ins., p. 1G3. tab. 31. fig. 5; falvipes, 
 Hbst., (Upis) Col. 7, 238. 
 
 In this species the mentum has the anterior angles prominent. The front is herni- 
 hexagonal. with the angles rounded. The eyes are scarcely emarginate by the sides of 
 the front, and are rather more prominent than in the two succeeding species. The thorax 
 is nearly square, slightly emarginate in front with prominent angles, sides nearly parallel, 
 base strongly bisinuate with prominent angles. The lateral margin is acute, hut not com- 
 pressed. The elytra are opaque, with eight entire rows of elongate deeply impressed 
 punctures, and one short scutellar row. 
 
 Length .30-44 inch. 
 
 Occurs abundantly in the Middle and Eastern States, under bark, etc. 
 
 II. ater, Lee, (Metaclisa) New Species, p. 127. 
 
 The reference of this species to the present genus is made not without some misgiv- 
 ings that it should in all probability constitute a new one. It cannot in my opinion re- 
 main associated with Metaclisa, in which the hind tarsi are rather long and slender and 
 the body depressed, while in this the form is robust. It differs from the other species of 
 the present genus, in having the mentum rather more convex along the median line and 
 the middle lobe more prominent. The lateral lobes are also more prominent, and the 
 mentum thus resembles that of Metaclisa. The front is also more broadly rounded. The 
 mesosternum is more prominent, more deeply emarginate, and the angles very prominent 
 and acute. The hind tarsi are short, the first joint scarcely equalling the second and 
 third together, while the last joint is equal to the first three. As in the other species, the 
 
340 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONID^E OF AMERICA, 
 
 head is deflexed and the front nearly vortical. The thorax is feebly omarginate in front 
 and the eyes entirely free. The elytra are rather deeply eight striate, the stria? punctured, 
 the interstices convex and very finely punctured. The under surface is smooth, being 
 finely punctured. The legs are dark brown or black. 
 
 Length .30—35 inch. 
 
 Occurs not rarely in the extreme Southern States. Numerous specimens collected in 
 Florida were given me by Mr. Levi Taylor. 
 
 II. concolor, Lee, New Species, \>. 121. 
 
 This species is similar in form to femoratus, differing by the greater width of thorax, 
 deeper elytral striae, and black legs. The third joint of the antenna? is scarcely longer 
 than the fourth, and the outer joints are broader than in either of the preceding species. 
 The mentum is here somewhat different in form from either of the others, being broader 
 than long, rounded on the sides, the lateral lobes not distinct, The middle is slightly 
 elevated, with a groove on each side. This form appears to be an intermediate one be- 
 tween the trapezoidal mentum of femoratus and the distinctly trilobed one of ater. The 
 short third antennal joint exists in the three specimens before me. 
 
 I ,ength .34— .36 inch. 
 
 This insect occurs, very rarely however, in Canada and the Lake Michigan region. 
 
 SCOTOBJENUS, Lee. 
 
 ScotobiEinis, Lee., Proc. Acad. 1859, \>. 88. 
 
 The species of this genus is somewhat similar in form to Iphthimus, being, however, 
 more depressed. The mentum is distinctly trilobed. The middle lobe prominent in front, 
 convex along the middle, with a groove on each side, lateral lobes rather small, indexed 
 and with the angles acute. The gular peduncle moderate. The front is hemi-hexagonal, 
 with the suture of the epistoma rather strongly impressed. Thorax emarginate in front 
 and at base, with the hind angles acute and moderately prominent. The epipleurse are 
 not entire. The femora are slightly clavate and compressed. 
 
 S. parallelus, Lee., Prof. Acad. 1859, p. 88. 
 
 Black, sub-opaque. Thorax broader than long, narrower behind. Elytra truncate at 
 base, humeri prominent. Sculpture consists of rather coarse punctures, the interstices be- 
 ing more finely and densely punctured, as in Iphthimus serratus. The general form is 
 similar to the species indicated, but the sides are nearly parallel. 
 Length .74-.S2 inch. 
 
 From the region of the western base of the Sierra Nevada Mts. of California, from 
 Sacramento to Visalia. Not common. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. oil 
 
 CIBDELIS, Mann. 
 Cibdelis, Mann., Beitrag. 284. 
 
 The mentum is trapezoidal, narrower behind, strongly (blaschkii) or feebly (bachei) 
 rounded in front, convex at middle, with a faint groove on each side, supported by a gular 
 peduncle. Head rounded in front, truncate (blaschkii) or emarginate (bachei) at middle 
 of epistoma. Thorax truncate in front, rounded behind, hind angles distinct, not promi- 
 nent, anterior angles obtuse. The metasternum is short and the body apterous. The 
 mandibles of both species are very feebly emarginate. 
 
 Two species from California are known. 
 
 G. blaschkii, Mann., Beitr. 284. 
 
 The thorax is densely and rather coarsely punctured. The elytra have faint stria? of 
 punctures, and small rounded tubercles placed in more or less regular rows. This 
 species is more convex and elongate than the next, and differs also in the form of the 
 front and the greater prominence of the front of the mentum. 
 
 Length .52— .56 inch. 
 
 Occurs from San Francisco southward, under bark and stones. 
 
 C. bachei, Lee, Proc. Acad. 1861, p. 353. 
 
 The thorax is here granulose, less convex and proportionately broader than blaschkii. 
 The thorax and elytra are also more opaque, and the tubercles of the latter rather smaller 
 and more closely and regularly placed. The elytra are rather more depressed and more 
 broadly oval than the preceding species, and differs also in the characters mentioned 
 above. 
 
 Length .56 inch. 
 
 Occurs only at Santa Barbara and on the Island of San Clemente. 
 
 GLYPTOTUS, Lee. 
 Glyptotus, Lee, Proc. Acad. IX, p. ?.">. 
 
 With this genus commences a series of genera in which the antenna 1 are longer than 
 the head and thorax, the outer joints not being transverse but more or less triangular and 
 closely articulated. This form is somewhat similar to that seen in many llelopides, and 
 it may be considered doubtful whether these genera (excepting llhinandrus) should not 
 enter that tribe or form a new one closely allied to it. The vestiture of the tarsi of these 
 genera, with the exception noted, is intermediate between the previous group of genera 
 and the Tenebriones which follow. In two genera the males have the anterior tarsi 
 slightly dilated. 
 
 The mentum of Glyptotus is small, rhomboidal, narrowing behind, Aery prominent at 
 middle, and with prominent angles ; supported on a very narrow gular peduncle. The 
 eyes are larger on the front than other of our genera. On each side of the head above 
 
 AMERI. PHILOSO. SOC. — VOL. XIV. — 86 
 
;U - 3 KEVJSIOX OF THE TENEBRIONID^E OF AMERICA, 
 
 the eves is a deep groove, extending from the anterior margin of the eyes backward, then 
 down upon the side of the head at some distance behind the eyes, losing itself gradually 
 as it approaches the gula. The antenna' are rather long, equalling the head and thorax. 
 The outer joints are sub-quadrate, not transverse nor sub-perfoliate, the terminal joint be- 
 ing longer than the preceding and obtuse at tip, as in Polypleurus. The epipleune are 
 entire. 
 
 The appearance of this insect is that of Helops, especially in the form of the he.nl. 
 
 G. cri brains, Lee. Pioc. Acad. IX, p. 75. 
 
 Black, moderately shining. Thorax broader than long, sides rounded in front, very 
 feebly narrowed behind, hind angles rectangular, base feebly Insinuate. Elytra twice 
 longer than broad, sub-parallel, moderately convex, with eight rows of rather large punc- 
 tures feebly impressed. The body is winged. 
 
 Length .5H inch. 
 
 Hare in Texas. 
 
 Another species is in the Zimmerman cabinet, from Guinea. 
 
 RHIXANDRTJS, Lee. 
 
 Rhinandrus, Lee, New Species, p. 119. 
 
 The differences between this genus and Zophobas are slight, and a study of the Mexi- 
 can species may render it probable that these points may have merely specific value. . 
 
 R. gracilis, Lee. New Species, p. 120. 
 
 Length .T2-.75 inch. 
 
 From Cape St. Lucas, Lower California. 
 
 CENTRONOPTJS, Solie.r. 
 
 Centronopus, Sol., Baudi e Truqui Btudi Entom., p. 958. 
 
 The antennae of this genus are longer than the head and thorax, the outer joints tri- 
 angular, the last oval and pointed. The cpipleura? do not reach the apex of the elytra. 
 The anterior tarsi of the males are feebly dilated or thickened.. The anterior tibiae of the 
 same sex are armed near the middle with a short tooth, and the tips of these and the 
 middle tibia- are thickened. The metasternum is long and the body winged. Mentum 
 small, rhomboidal, narrower behind, middle prominent, angles acute. The anterior mar- 
 gin of front is thickened and slightly reflexed. 
 
 C. calearatus, Fab., (Helops) Svst. El. 1, 119. eoracinus, Enoch, (Tenebrio) Beitr,, 173; reflexus, Say, 
 Teneb. ) Journ, Acad. V., p. 103. 
 
 This rather abundant insect may be known by the peculiar thickening of the anterior 
 margin of the front, as well as by the sexual characters of the male. The thorax is some- 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 343 
 
 what broader than long, feebly emarginate in front and at base, sides feebly rounded and 
 slightly margined, anterior angles obtuse, bind angles nearly rectangular. The surface is 
 coarsely but not densely punctured. The elytra are elongate sub-parallel, moderately 
 convex, with eight entire and a short scutellar strife. The striae are punctured, interstices 
 slightly convex and very feebly punctured. The legs are black and the under surface 
 nearly smooth. In addition to the generic characters given above, it may be stated that 
 the males have the under surface of the anterior femora near the base clothed with rather 
 coarse hairs. 
 
 Rather common in the Atlantic region, under fallen logs or stones. 
 
 C. opaeus, Lcc, Smithson. Cont. 4to, Col., Kansas and New Mexico, p. 15. 
 
 The entire surface is opaque in this species, while in the preceding the surface is shin- 
 ing and of a sub-metallic lustre. The elytra are not striate, but have rows of fine, closely 
 placed punctures, the intervals being flat and impunctured. The general form is similar 
 to calcaratus, with the elytra, less parallel. The thorax is much less distinctly margined, 
 and the under surface less shining. The sexual characters are similar in both species. 
 
 Length .67 inch. 
 
 A single specimen from the Black Hills, Dacotah, is known. 
 
 XYLOPINUS, Lee. 
 Xylopinus, Lee., Col. N. Am., 231. 
 
 This genus differs from the preceding notably in the form of the front. The anterior 
 margin is truncate or feebly emarginate, not thickened. The labrum is also more promi- 
 nent and is occasionally so protruded as to allow the basal membrane to become visible. 
 The males have the same sexual characters in the front tibia? as in Centronopus. The 
 anterior femora have not the basal hairy spot, nor are the middle tibia? thickened at tip. 
 The front and middle tarsi are more distinctly dilated, and the whole appearance more 
 decidedly like the Helopides. All the specimens are winged. 
 Our species may be distinguished as follows : 
 Body black, not metallic. 
 
 Legs black. saperdoides. 
 
 Legs red. rufipes, 
 
 Body sub-metallic. anescens. 
 
 X. saperdoides, Oliv., (Tenebrio) Ent. 8, 11. saperdoides et calcaratus, (Helops) Beauv. Ins., 162, pi. 31, 
 fig. 2; spinipes, Fab., El. 1, 162; anthraciiuis, Knocli, (Tenebrio) Neue. Beitrag., p. 169. 
 
 The thorax of this species is nearly square, feebly emarginate in front, truncate behind, 
 sides very feebly rounded, anterior angles rounded, hind angles acute with a slight im- 
 pression within. The elytra are elongate, parallel, feebly convex, usually somewhat flat- 
 
:344 REVISION OF THE TEXEIUUOXID.E OF AMERICA, 
 
 trued on the disc. The elytra are striate, the- striae punctured. The interstices are mod- 
 erately convex and finely punctured. The leys are black and the under surface of the 
 body smooth. 
 
 Length .44— .64 inch. 
 
 Common in nearly the entire region east of the Mississippi River, under loose bark. 
 
 X. rati pes. Say, (Tenebrio) Joura. Acad. V., 203. 
 
 Scarcely different from the preceding. The leys are red except the bases of the tibiae. 
 It does not differ in size and sculpture from the preceding, and though common, is less so 
 than saperdoides, and occurs in the same region. 
 
 X. sen esc ens, Lee, N. Species, p. 120. 
 
 Differs from the preceding two species, by its broader thorax and by the elytra being 
 more dilated behind the middle. The color is pale brown, with a brassy tinge. The leys 
 are slender, and the tooth of the anterior tibia of the male is less prominent and the emar- 
 gination below it less deep. 
 
 Length .50— .51 inch. 
 
 Middle and Western States, not common, though more abundant in the latter region. 
 
 SUB-TRIBE 11 — TENEBRIONES. 
 
 In this group the tarsi are clothed with a coarser, less dense, and more rigid pubes- 
 cence than in the preceding. The body is always elongate, never robust, usually de- 
 pressed. The mentum is trapezoidal, generally flattened. The tibial spurs are always 
 conspicuous. The epipleuras are variable in length. 
 
 Our genera are as follows : 
 
 Antenna' gradually thicker toward the tip. palpi and tarsi short. 
 
 Epipleurse entire. texebrio. 
 
 Epipleurse abbreviated. 
 
 Head sub-quadrate ; similar in the sexes. bius. 
 
 Head transverse; dissimilar in the sexes. Sitophaous. 
 
 Antenna? elongate, slender, last joint fusiform ; palpi long ; tarsi slender. 
 Epipleurse entire. 
 
 Mentum emarginate in front. al.ephus. 
 
 Mentum truncate in front. EUPSOl'HUS. 
 
 The genera of this sub-tribe are much less homogeneous than the Upes, although 
 lower in number, and this dissimilarity seems to indicate that, by the division of the Ten- 
 ebrionidse and their apportionment in tribes by the discovery of better characters than 
 those now known, these genera would not be found associated. The genus Sitophagus 
 has been placed here (as done by Mulsant), the form of the anterior coxa' indicating but 
 little affinitv with the genera allied to Ulonia. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 345 
 
 TENEBRIO, Linn. 
 Tenebrio, Linn., Syst. Nat. Ed. VI; Neatus, Lee, Col. N. A., p. 233. 
 
 The characters of this genus are too well known to need special comment. 
 Our species are four in number, and may be distinguished as follows : 
 Trochantin of middle coxae very distinct. 
 
 Surface dull, opaque. obscurus. 
 
 Surface more or less shining. 
 
 Thorax broader than long. m o 1 i t o r . 
 
 Thorax sub-quadrate. castaneus. 
 
 Trochantin of middle coxae small. tenebrioides. 
 
 T. obscurus, Fab. El. 1. 140. 
 
 Easily distinguished from our other species by its opaque surface. 
 
 Length .58— .62 inch. 
 
 Abundant in the Atlantic region, where it has been introduced from Europe. 
 
 T. molitor, Linn., Fab. El. 1. 145. 
 
 Similar in form to the preceding. The thorax is, however, more transverse and tbe 
 margin broader and more distinctly reflexed. 
 Length .50-65 inch. 
 Abundant in the same regions with obscurus. Also introduced. 
 
 T. castaneus, Knocb, Neue Beitr., 171; interstitialis, Say, J. Ac. 3, 206. 
 
 Differs notably in form and sculpture from the preceding species. Tbe thorax is here 
 nearly square, truncate at base, and more distinctly emarginate in front. The sides are 
 more broadly margined and the margin more reflexed. The surface is more coarsely 
 punctured. The elytra are narrower and more elongate, their surface more deeply 
 striate and the striae more strongly punctured. 
 
 Length .40 inch. 
 
 Specimens have been found in every region of our country, though not abundant. 
 
 T. tenebrioides, Beauv. (Helops) Ins., p. 121, pi. 30, fig. 1; badius. Say, (Tenebrio) Journ. Aead. 3, 230. 
 
 Similar in form to molitor. The trochantin of the middle coxae is very small, and in 
 some specimens scarcely visible. Length .4S-.52 inch. 
 
 Abundant over our whole territory ; specimens have occurred in California. 
 
 BIUS, Muls. 
 
 Bins, Muls., Col. France; Latigeues, p. 206. 
 
 B. estriatus, Lee, (Tenebrio) Ann. Lye. 5, 149. 
 
 Similar in form to the European tlwracicus, but shorter, and with a more distinctly 
 margined thorax, with less prominent hind angles. Length .22 inch. 
 
 Rare. Specimens have been found in California, and at Fort Simpson, Brit. Amcr. 
 
 AMERI. PIIILOSO. SOC. — VOL. XIV. ST 
 
:j-±t> REVISION' OF THE TENE15KIONI0.E OF AMERICA, 
 
 SIT 01 'HAUL'S. Mv.U. 
 Sitophagus, Muls., Col. France; Latigenes, p. 204. 
 
 Easily known from our other genera by its depressed form, being almost perfectly flat 
 above. The epipleurse are abbreviated. The antennae, though gradually thickening to- 
 ward the tip, are less compact than in Bins, in which also the epipleurse do not attain the 
 tip ol the elytra. The sexes differ from each other by the presence of horns on the male, 
 formed by the sides of the genre and the sides of the epistoma. 
 
 Two species are known in our fauna. 
 
 S. pallidas. Say, (Pytho) Journ. Acad. :!, p. 271; Lee, (Adelina) Ann. Lye. ■">, 140: eomplanata, Dej. Cat. 
 This is the larger of our two species, and has the side of the head in front of the eyes 
 prolonged into a horn on each side of the head of the male. 
 Length ."20 inch. 
 Rare in the Middle and Southern States. 
 
 S. lecontei, Horn; planus J Lee, (Adelina) Ann. Lye. V.. 149. 
 
 Differs from (he preceding in size and by the head of the male having a second horn 
 on each side, concealed from above by the larger horn formed by the prominence of the 
 -ides of the front. 
 
 Length .18 inch. 
 
 Occurs rather abundantly in the Colorado Desert of California, in Owens' Valley, and 
 in Arizona. 
 
 AI,.KriIL"S, n. </. 
 
 Meiitum trapezoidal, narrowed toward base, emarginate in front, anterior angles prominent; ligula free, basal 
 membrane visible; gular peduncle short, narrow. Maxillary palpi long, second joint longer than third or fourth, 
 slender at base, thickened toward tip, last joint, longer than the preceding, conical, flattened and obliquely truncate. 
 Head strongly exsert, very slightly narrower behind the eyes, which are distant from the prothorax, reniform and not 
 prominent. Head prolonged in front of eye.-, frontal suture indistinct. Epistoma hemi-hcxagonal, emarginate in 
 front, almost entirely concealing the labrum. Lateral ^nargins of front slightly reflexed. Antenna! as long as head 
 and thorax, slender; first joint thicker, second small, third long, equal the two following; joints four to eleven suli- 
 cqual, last joint fusiform. Presternum not prominent behind the coxse, mesosternum oblique, middle coxa: with dis- 
 tinct tiochantin. Metasternal parapleural simple, moderate, slightly narrower behind. Metasternum long, body 
 « inged. Intercoxal process of abdomen acute. Epipleurffi entire. Tibial spurs distinct ; tarsi slender; the first joint 
 of hind tarsi longer thin the two succeeding together. Scutelluiu broader than long, sub-quadrate. 
 
 The male lias the anterior tarsi very slightly dilated, and a slight brush of hairs mar the tip of the penultimate 
 abdominal segment. 
 
 This genus is proposed lor tin insect to which 1 base seen nothing similar. The head 
 
 recalls the form seen in Cerenopus and other Scaurini, though' differing from them in the 
 
 tarsal vestiture, the firm of the antenna?, and the distribution of the antenna! pores. 
 
 A. pallidus, pale brownish testaceous, sub-opaque, elongate oval. Head moderately but not coarsely punc- 
 
 icd. Thorax broader than long, nam wer in front, apex feebly emarginate, base feebly Insinuate, sides moderately 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 347 
 
 rounded, margined, margin slightly reflexed, hind angles distinct, disc moderately convex. Elytra elongate oval, 
 slightly emargiuate at base, humeri distinct, elytra! margin distinct, slightly reflexed. Surface finely and sparsely 
 punctured. 
 
 The head and thorax are much more opaque than the elytra. The thorax is narrower 
 than the elytra, and has a slight median depression near the base. The sides of the elytra 
 are very feebly rounded and are almost sub-parallel, the apex is not prolonged. The up- 
 per surface of the bod}' is feebly convex, the under surface paler in color and more shining. 
 
 Length .33 inch. 
 
 One male, from Fort Tejon, California. 
 
 EUPSOPHUS. n. <j. 
 
 Mentum flat, transverse, slightly narrower behind, anterior angles not prominent, anterior margin truncate, sup- 
 ported on a very short broad gular peduncle. Ligula transverse, slightly emargiuate in front, basal membrane not 
 visible, palpi short, last joint flattened, conical, longer than the preceding. Maxillary palpi long, last three joints 
 sub-equal, conical, the terminal slightly flattened. Labium transverse, partly concealed. Head elongate, eyes broad, 
 feebly emargiuate and distant from the thorax. Front hemi-hexagoual, feebly converging in front, anteriorly broadly 
 emargiuate, suture indistinct. Antennae longer than the head and thorax, slender; first two joints short, third longer, 
 scarcely equalling the third and fourth together, joints four to ten gradually decreasing, last joint longer and pointed 
 at tip. Scutellum oval. Elytra broader at base than the thorax, humeri distinct. Epiplcura? entire, narrow and 
 horizontal. Troehantiu of middle coxa; distinct. Metastenuuu long, body winged, iutercoxal process of abdomen tri- 
 angular. Legs slender, tarsi long, sparsely clothed with short spinous hairs. First joint of hind tarsi lunger than the 
 second and third, last joint nearly equal to the two preceding. Tibial spurs distinct. 
 
 This genus has proved the most troublesome of any of the genera to which I have 
 been required to assign a place. 
 
 The hind margins of the third and fourth ventral segments do not exhibit in so marked 
 a degree the coriaceous margin, which has been taken as the character dividing; the family 
 into two sections, and it is only witli some difficulty, or by the undue protrusion of the 
 terminal segments, that the membrane connecting them becomes visible. In outline the 
 insect resembles some species of llimatismus, or our own Epitragus submetalUcus, Lee. 
 There are, however, no other affinities between this insect and the Lpitragini. as will be 
 seen by the smaller mentum, the middle troehantiu and the form of the head. The pro- 
 sternum is defiexed behind, and the mesosternum oblique. This genus and the preceding, 
 in an arrangement of the genera at large, should in all probability constitute a tribe by 
 themselves, near the Goniaderides of South America, though abundantly distinct by many 
 characters. From Ala?phus this genus ma}" be known by the form of mentum and gular 
 peduncle, by the margins of the front not being reflexed and by the form of the antenna?. 
 
 E. eastaneus, castaneous, moderately shining, head rather densely punctured in front of eyes, sparsely on the 
 vertex. Thorax sub-quadrate, moderately convex, slightly broader than long, truncate in front, feebly rounded at 
 base, sides feebly rounded anteriorly, very slightly sinuous behind, hind angles rectangular. Surface sparsely punc- 
 tured. Elytra elongate oval, more than twice longer than broad, moderately e mvex, sparsely punctured and faintly 
 rugose, near the base. Beneath castaneous, shining, very sparsely and finely punctured. 
 
 Length .54— .60 inch. 
 
348 REVISION OF THE TEXEBRIOXID.E OF AMERICA, 
 
 The male is smaller and more slender than the female. The outline of this species is 
 almost exactly that of Himatismus occidentalis, as figured by Lacordaire (Genera, pi. 49, 
 tig-. 1.) excepting that this insect lias the thorax shorter, with the anterior angles rounded. 
 
 This insect occurs rather abundantly in Owens 1 Valley, California, flies at night, and 
 is attracted by candle light. When recent it is somewhat paler in color. 
 
 TRIBE XXI — PEDININI. 
 
 This tribe differs from those which precede, in having the front very short and broadly 
 dilated on the sides. The body is usually short, oval, not very convex, epistoma cmargi- 
 nate, sometimes very deeply, allowing the basal membrane to become visible; labrum 
 prominent ; mentum small, frequently trilobed in front, with a distinct gular peduncle ; 
 middle coxa? with distinct trochantin ; anterior tarsi of male dilated and spongy beneath, 
 hind tarsi either pubescent or spinous. 
 
 The anterior coxa' are more transverse than in the preceding tribes and tend toward 
 the sub-cylindrical form so strongly marked in most of the genera of the Ulomini. The 
 head is usually deeply inserted, and the terminal joints of both pairs of palpi either trian- 
 gular or securiform. 
 
 Our genera form two groups: 
 
 Eyes not entirely divided. PLATYNOTi. 
 
 Eyes completely divided. BLAPSTINI. 
 
 One species, described by Say as Pedinus suturalis, remains unknown and cannot be 
 assigned a place. It may possibly lie a larger species of Blapstinus or Opatrinus. 
 
 GROUP I PLATYNOTI. 
 
 One genus alone in our fauna constitutes our representation of this group. From our 
 other genera it may be easily known, by the eyes not being divided and the anterior 
 tibia 1 slender and not notably different in the sexes. 
 
 OPATRINUS, Lair. 
 Regne Animal, cd. 2, V. \>. 10. 
 
 o. notus, Say, (Opatrum) Journ. Acad. 5, 237; Bost. Journ. 1, 1ST. Lee, (Opatrinus) Say's Eat. II, 304; 
 Tenebrio minimus, Beauv. Ins. 163, pi. 31, ivj;. 7. 
 
 The elytra] sculpture of this species consists of rows of large punctures, usually round, 
 sometimes more or less elongate. There arc no stria 1 , and the rows of punctures are at 
 times interrupted. The sides of the thorax are gradually convergent anteriorly, very 
 feebly rounded and with the margin slightly thickened. 
 Occurs abundantly in the whole Atlantic district. 
 Length .3-2-.41 inch. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 349 
 
 0. aciculatus, Lee., Proc. Acad. 1858, 75, 
 
 Differs from the preceding in having the elytra distinctly striate, stria- with large punc- 
 tures, interstices moderately convex. Thorax more strongly rounded than the preceding, 
 with the sides distinctly reflexed, and with the disc more convex. 
 
 Occurs abundantly in Texas. 
 
 Length .40 inch. 
 
 0. sayi, oblong, parallel, brownish opaque. Head finely and densely punctured; elypens rather deeply emargi- 
 nate. Thorax feebly convex, one-fifth broader than long, sides moderately rounded in front, nearly straight and 
 slightly divergent toward the base; apex feebly emarginate, base bisinuate; surface opaque, very finely and densely 
 punctured, lateral margin slightly thickened. Elytra sub-parallel, feebly convex, opaque, not deeply striate, anil 
 with punctures neither approximate nor deeply impressed; interstices slightly convex ami very minutely punctured. 
 Body beneath ferruginous, shining. Length .4(5 inch; 11.5 mm. 
 
 One specimen from Kansas, kindly given me by Mr. P. S. Sprague, of Boston. 
 Our species of Opatrinus may he known as follows : 
 Thorax very finely punctured; inner side of male anterior tibise distinctly 
 
 sinuate. s a y i . 
 
 Thorax coarsely punctured ; anterior tibise of male slightly arcuate only. 
 
 Elvtra not striate, but with rows of large deeply impressed punctures, n o t u s . 
 Elytra striate ; sides of thorax slightly reflexed. a cieulatus. 
 
 GROUP II — BLAPSTINI. 
 This group differs from the preceding in having the eyes entirely divided. As in the 
 previous group, the anterior and sometimes the middle- tarsi are dilated in the male, and 
 the anterior tibia? are also somewhat curved in the same sex; in some of the genera, how- 
 ever, the dilatation is but little apparent. The tibia? and femora of both sexes in all the 
 genera are entirely unarmed. Notwithstanding the number of genera proposed by Mul- 
 sant in this group, it has been found necessary to add several new ones. 
 
 The following table will give their differences: 
 Anterior tibiae with the outer angle obliquely truncate. 
 
 Intercoxal process of abdomen triangular, acute or oval at tip. 
 
 Antenna? long, slender. mecysmus. 
 
 Antenna? stout, joints 4-8 broader than long. conibius. 
 
 Antennas stout, joints 4-8 longer than broad. blapstinus. 
 
 Intercoxal process broad truncate at tip. notibius. 
 
 Anterior tibise with the apex emarginate, outer angles prolonged. 
 
 Tibiae broad, not linear. ulus. 
 
 MECYSMUS, n. g. 
 This name is proposed for a species differing from the other Blapstini by its elongate 
 depressed form, thorax sub-quadrate, narrower at base than the elytra. The antenna 1 are 
 
 AMEEI, 1TIILOS0. SOC. — VOL. XIV 8X 
 
350 REVISION OF THE TENEBRION11LK OF AMERICA, 
 
 slightly longer than the head and thorax, slender and with the joints longer than broad. 
 The last three joints are scarcely thicker than those which precede, although compara 
 tivelv shorter, the third joint is one-and-a-half times the length of the fourth. The legs 
 are slender and longer than usual, the anterior tibia? slender and the tarsi dilated in the 
 males. 
 
 M. an gust us, Lee., (Blapstinus) Ann. Lye. V., p. 146. 
 
 The thorax is sub-quadrate, the sides moderately rounded and broadest at middle, the 
 anterior and posterior angles are not prominent, the surface feebly convex towards the 
 sides, flattened on the disc. The elytra are twice as long as broad at base, the base emar- 
 ginate, sides feebly rounded, apex obtuse. The elytra have regular striae o( fine punc- 
 tures, the interstices being flat and finely but sparsely pubescent. 
 
 Length .26 inch. 
 
 Found rather abundantly flying at night, at Fort Yuma, California. 
 
 CON II! ITS, Lee. 
 Conibius, Lee, Ann. Lye. V.. \>. 145. 
 
 Besides the antennal characters given in the table, this genus may be known from 
 Blapstinus by the small rounded superior portion of the eye. The anterior tibia- are also 
 broader, slightly more arcuate and finely denticulate on the outer edge. The tarsi of the 
 male are but feebly dilated. The antenna' are much more robust than in Blapstinus, the 
 third joint being, however, longer than the fourth and at least one-half longer than broad. 
 The metasternum is short and the body apterous. 
 
 Our species are three in number. 
 
 Sides of thorax moderately rounded, hind angles obtuse, base feebly sinuate. 
 
 Thoracic margin feeble, equal. seriatus. 
 
 Thoracic margin more distinct, slightly refiexed, broader behind. parallelus. 
 
 Sides ol thorax nearly parallel and straight, base more strongly sinuous, hind 
 
 angles more distinct. e 1 o n gatus. 
 
 ('. seriatus, Lee, Ann. Lye. V., 145. 
 
 This species is more robust, broader and more convex than either of those which fol- 
 low. The thorax is more strongly rounded on the sides, and convex from the margin. 
 The margin is very narrow and equal at apex and base. The base of thorax is ieebly 
 sinuate and the angles obtuse. The surface of the insect is also much less opaque and 
 punctured. 
 
 Length .16 inch. 
 
 Not abundant in the Colorado Desert of California. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 351 
 
 U. parallelus, Lee, loc. cit. 
 
 The sides of the thorax are less rounded, the disc less convex, and the margin more 
 evident, especially near the hind angles. The elytra are more elongate, more nearly par- 
 allel, less convex, and more coarsely punctured and opaque. 
 
 Length .16-.20 inch. 
 
 Occurs at San Jose, Cal. 
 
 C. elongatus, elongate, sub-parallel. Head reddish brown, coarsely and rather closely punctured. Thorax 
 sub-quadrate, somewhat broader than long, sides rounded anteriorly, straight and sub-parallel behind, distinctly mar 
 gined, margin slightly reflexed; apex feebly emarginate, angles obtuse; base strongly sinuous, angles prominent back- 
 wards; disc moderately convex, coarsely but not closely punctured. Elytra elongate, sub-parallel, densely muricately 
 punctured, faintly sub-striate. Under surface and legs brownish or ferruginous. Length .14-.18 inch. 
 
 As in the other species, the body is ferruginous or brownish in color, the elytra alone 
 being black and more or less opaque. The thorax at base is strongly sinuous, especially 
 within each hind angle, the latter being rendered thereby more prominent behind. The 
 sides of the body are also more parallel. The muricate punctures of the elytra are fur- 
 nished each with a very short coarse, curved hair. The elytra of seriatim are entirely de- 
 void of hairs, they are probably found on recent or well preserved specimens a? parallelus, 
 while in this species they are probably permanent and undoubtedly more dense than it is 
 possible for them to be in the latter species. The females are larger and rather more ro- 
 bust than the males, while the latter have the anterior and in less degree the middle tarsi 
 feebly dilated. 
 
 Occurs rather abundantly under stones in Owens' Valley, California. 
 
 BLAPSTIXUS, Loir. 
 Blapstimis, Latr. , Regne Animale ed. 2, V. p. 21. 
 
 The differences between this genus and the preceding have already been adverted to, 
 and need but little additional mention. In this the upper portion of the eye is larger and 
 broader transversely, occasionally sub-angulate within. The antennae are more slender 
 than in Conibius, and gradually thickened toward the tip. 
 
 Our species are numerous and may be distinguished by the characters in the following- 
 table : 
 
 Thorax with a broad flattened margin. 
 
 Alternate interspaces of elytra elevated. s o r d i d u s . 
 
 Interspaces equal, elytra deeply striate. sulcatus. 
 
 Thorax convex from the edge. 
 
 Elytra black or brown, without metallic lustre ; stria? continuous. 
 
 Elytra with golden yellow hairs. auripilis. 
 
 Elytra with greyish hairs. 
 
352 REVISION OF THE TENEr.UlOXID.E OF AMERICA, 
 
 Base el' thorax strongly sinuate. 
 
 Elytra very sparsely pubescent dilatatus. 
 
 Thorax broader in front of middle. brevicollis. 
 
 Thorax gradually narrowing from base. 1 e c o n t ; e i . 
 
 .p r a t e ns i s . 
 Elytra densely clothed with cinereous pubescence, v e s t i t u s . 
 Base of thorax nearly truncate. 
 
 Sides of thorax evenly rounded, not narrowing in front. 1 o n g ulu s . 
 Elytra cither glabrous or with a few black hairs. 
 
 1 lead, thorax and legs ferruginous. di s c o 1 r . 
 
 Body entirely black. 
 
 Base of thorax strongly sinuous, hind angles more pro- 
 longed than the middle of the base. m ce s tus . 
 Base of thorax less sinuate, hind angles less prolonged 
 
 and less acute. pul verulentus. 
 
 Elytra glabrous, aeneous or aeneous black; striae interrupted. 
 
 Thorax densely and coarsely punctured, less shining. into r r u p t u's . 
 
 Thorax sparsely punctured, shining ; elytra aeneous. m c t a 1 1 i c u s . 
 
 B. so nl id us. Lec, Ann. Lye. V., 1-tli. 
 
 This species is easily distinguishable by the flattening of the upper surface of the 
 thorax along the lateral margin, and by the alternate intervals of the elytra being more 
 convex than the others. The thorax is broader than long, moderately rounded on the 
 sides which converge toward the front ; rather deeply emarginate anteriorly, with acute 
 angles. The base is bmadlv lobed at middle with the hind angles rather prominent 
 backwards, and is always closely applied against the base of the elytra. The trout is al- 
 ways deeply emarginate, exposing (when recent) the basal membrane of the labrum. The 
 elvtra are striate, the strife closely punctured. The whole surface is clothed rather 
 densely with coarse, scale-like, recumbent ochreous hairs. The color of the surface is 
 brown. 
 
 Length .32 inch. 
 
 Very abundant under logs, at Camp Grant, Arizona. 
 
 15. sulcatus, Lec, Aim. Lye. V., 147. 
 
 The margin is here also flattened, much less broadly however than in the preceding 
 species. The head and thorax are densely and coarsely punctured. The latter is broader 
 than long, rounded on the sides, scarcely narrower in front, apex emarginate, angles dis- 
 tinct, base sinuate, less lobed at middle than sordklus, and with less prominent hind 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 353 
 
 angles. The elytra are deeply striate, the interstices flat and densely punctured. The sur- 
 face is clothed with a puhescence similar to sordidw, hut coarser and paler. The color of 
 the body is opaque brown. 
 
 Length .23 inch. 
 
 Found at Fort Yuma, California. 
 
 B. auripilis, elongate oval, opaque brown. Head moderately, coarsely and densely punctured. Thorax con- 
 vex from the edge without depressed margin, broader than long, sides gradually converging and moderately rounded. 
 Apex emarginate, basal angles distinct, base sinuate, lobed at middle with angles prominent backwards, surface 
 densely punctured. Elytra feebly striate, stria; punctured, interstices moderately convex and densely and finely punc- 
 tured. Upper surface of body moderately densely clothed with golden yellow scale-like hairs. Beneath finely and 
 densely punctured and clothed with similar but finer pubescence. 
 
 Length .30 inch. 
 
 Easily known from the species which precede, by the absence of a depressed thoracic 
 margin, and from those which follow by the vestiture of the surface of the body. It is 
 the most convex of our species. 
 
 Occurs at Camp Grant, Arizona, in company with sordidus, though less abundant. 
 
 B. dilatatus, Lee, Ann. Lye. V., 140. 
 
 This species is usually black or deep brown in color, sub-opaque. The thorax is feebly 
 convex, slightly flattened behind the head, sides rounded, broader at middle than at base. 
 Apex moderately emarginate, base sinuate, angles not prominent. A slight impression 
 on each side of base opposite the fourth elytra! interval. Surface coarsely and densely 
 punctured, punctures elongate and confluent. Elytra feebly convex, striate, stria? coarsely 
 and closely punctured, intervals flat, flnely but sparsely punctured ; surface sparsely 
 clothed with brownish hairs. 
 
 Length .36 inch. 
 
 Occurs with sordidus, but is still more abundant. 
 
 B. brevicollis, Lee, Ann. Lye V., 147. 
 
 Similar in its characters to the preceding, differing in the shorter thorax, less rounded 
 on the sides, less coarsely and continently punctured. The form is slightly more elongate 
 and more convex. The vestiture and sculpture are similar to dilatatus. The legs paler. 
 
 Length .'26-28 inch. 
 
 Occurs rather abundantly near San Francisco. 
 
 B. lecontei, Muls., Opusc. Entom. Call. 9, p. 128; pubescens || Lee, Ann. Lye V., p. 147. 
 
 More elongate and convex than the two species which precede. The thorax is less 
 rounded on the sides and not broader at middle than at base. The basal margin is less 
 strongly sinuate. The punctures of the thorax are finer, less dense and not elongate, and 
 
 AMERI. PHILOSO. SOC. — VOL. XIV. — 89 
 
o54 REVISION OF THE TENEBKION1D.E OF AMERICA, 
 
 scarcely confluent. The surface is also more densely clothed with an ochreous puhescence, 
 longer and much more distinct than in dilatatus or hrevicoUis. 
 Length .20-30 inch. 
 
 Occurs at Fort Yuma and in Arizona. 
 
 li. pratensis, Lee, Col. Kansas and New Mexico, p. 15. 
 
 Similar in all its more important characters to lecontei; the sides of the thorax are 
 however less rounded, and the apex more deeply emarginate, with more prominent an- 
 gles. The ochreous vestiture is finer and much less evident, the stria? of the elytra shal- 
 lower and more finely punctured. 
 
 Length .24— .26 inch. 
 
 Occurs in Kansas. Specimens probably of the same species are seen, deprived of pu- 
 besence and rather larger, from New Mexico, Texas, and Arizona. 
 
 B. vestitus, Lee, Col. Kansas, and Now Mexico, p. 15. 
 
 Early distinguishable from our other species by the rather dense greyish pubescence. 
 The sides of the thorax are feebly rounded and converge towards the apex. The elytral 
 stri;e are faint and the punctures fine. The body above is also very faintly bronzed, a 
 character found only in the last two species in the table. 
 
 Length .20 inch. 
 
 Specimens reported from Kansas only. 
 
 B. longulus, Lee, Ann. Lye. V, 147. 
 
 The base of the thorax is here so feebly sinuate as compared witli our other species 
 as to merit the distinction of being called nearly truncate. The thorax is as wide at 
 apex as at base, sides feebly rounded, slightly sinuate near the hind angles, which are 
 rectangular. The elytra are moderately striate with coarse punctures, the intervals feebly 
 convex and rather coarsely punctured. The form is rather elongate and the color brownish 
 black, shining. 
 
 Length .28 inch. 
 
 Occurs in Southern Arizona. 
 
 15. discolor, elongate; head, thorax and legs ferruginous, elytra, black, not shining. Head coarsely and 
 densely jmnctured, punctures elongate and confluent. Thorax broader than long', moderately convex, less coarsely 
 and densely punctured than the head ; apex feebly emarginate, angles not prominent ; base feebly sinuate ; sides 
 feebly rounded, converging toward apex. Elytra elongate oval, convex with striae of moderately coarse punctures of 
 which the interstices are feebly convex and finely punctured. Body beneath densely punctured. 
 
 Length .:ili inch. 
 
 Easily known by its peculiar coloring. There are no signs of any pubescence. As in 
 longulus the thorax is feebly sinuate at base. The elytral striae are more faint toward 
 the base, becoming gradually more distinct toward the apex. 
 
 A single specimen irom near Visalia, California. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 355 
 
 B. moestus, Mels., Proc. Acad., 3, 05. 
 
 Found in the Northern and Middle States. 
 
 B. pul verulentus, Mann., Beitrag, 276 ; ealifornicus Motscli. Bull., Mosc, 1845, p. 77. 
 
 The species of Motschulsky is very badly described but it is doubtless the same as 
 that described by Mannerheim. 
 
 Both this and the preceding species are deep shining black and have but few black 
 hairs very sparsely scattered over the elytra, rarely seen except when the specimen is 
 fresh. This species has also, when recent, a coating of whitish efflorescence previously 
 mentioned among the species of Trimytis. Moestus and pulverulentm are closely related 
 and differ only in the base of the thorax of the former being more strongly sinuous and 
 the hind angles rather more prominent than the middle lobe of the base. Both are 
 nearly equal in size. 
 
 Length .20-.23 inch. 
 
 Occurs abundantly everywhere in California. 
 
 B. interruptus, Say, (Opatrum) Jouin. Acad. 3, 2G4 ; luridus, Mills., Opusc. Entom. Cah. 9, p. 129. 
 
 This species is separated from the synonymy in which it has been placed on account 
 of the permanence of certain characters in a considerable series of specimens. The elytra 
 are here black, very rarely with any metallic tinge. The thorax is densely and coarsely 
 punctured, less shining than in metallic us. The species is larger, broader and more convex. 
 
 Length .22 inch. 
 
 Abundant in the Northern States and Canada. 
 
 B. m e t allicu s, Fab. (Blaps), El. 1, 143 ; Beauv. Ins. p. 137, tali. 30b. fig. 2, aeneolus, Mels., Proc. Acad. 3, GO. 
 
 Smaller than interruptus and more distinctly metallic. The thorax is finely and 
 sparsely punctured and shining. The punctures of the elytra are very large and cause 
 them to appear very rugose. In both species there is a depression of the base of the 
 thorax opposite the fourth interspace, more evident in metallicus. 
 
 Length .18-20 inch. 
 
 Abundant with the preceding. 
 
 NOTIBIUS, Lee. 
 
 Notibius, Lee, Ann. Lye. V., 145. 
 
 Differs from Blapstinus in having the upper portion of the eyes smaller and rounder, 
 the intercoxal process of the abdomen quadrangular and truncate, and the scutellum very 
 transverse, scarcely visible between the elytra. Prosternum more or less prolonged 
 behind the coxa?, mesosternum correspondingly concave ; metasternum short, body 
 apterous. 
 
35() REVISION OF THE TENEBRION1D/E OF AMERICA, 
 
 All the species exhibit some sexual peculiarity in the anterior tibia?, especially granu- 
 latus, where the tibia becomes rather suddenly arcuate in its lower half forming thus an 
 angle between the upper and lower portion.* 
 
 Six species of this genus are known, all from the desert regions of California and 
 Arizona. The following table sbows their differences: 
 
 Elytra very broadly oval; disc faintly or not striate and rather densely 
 but finely muricately punctured. 
 Elytra sparsely pubescent. 
 
 Surface uniformly dark brown or black. puberulus. 
 
 Head and thorax ferruginous. pu ncti c oil is . 
 
 Elytra not pubescent, sub-opaque, black. ga gates. 
 
 Elytra elongate oval or sub-parallel ; disc distinctly striate or sulfate. 
 Anterior tibia' similar in the sexes. 
 
 Ant. tibiae neither sub-angnlate nor arcuate. opacus. 
 
 Anterior tibia' dissimilar in the sexes. 
 
 Ant. tibia I sub-angulate at middle, arcuate beneatb. granulatus. 
 
 Ant. tibia £ suddenly narrower at base. sulcatus. 
 
 X. puberulus, Lee, Ann. Lye. V., 145. 
 
 The tibia? of the sexes are similar to each other, but slightly more arcuate in the male. 
 From all the other species this and the following differ in having the anterior tibia:' very 
 broad, outer edge and hind surface finely denticulate. The thorax is broader than long, 
 moderately convex, distinctly margined, sides feebly rounding, not converging, apex 
 emarginate, angles obtuse, base sinuate, angles distinct; disc finely and sparsely punc- 
 tured. Elytra broadly oval, scarcely one-third longer than broad, convex, faintly striate, 
 densely finely muricately punctured, each puncture bearing a short hair. The upper 
 surface is very dark brown in color, the legs dark ferruginous. 
 
 Length .22 inch. 
 
 Occurs in the Colorado Desert and Arizona. 
 
 N. puncticollis, Lee., Ann. Lye. V., 14r>. 
 
 Similar to puberuhis, differs in having the head and thorax ferruginous, the latter 
 more convex, less margined, more densely and coarsely punctured. The elytral striae 
 are more evident, muricate punctures more distinct and abundant. 
 
 Length .20-.22 inch. 
 
 Occurs in the Sacramento Valley, at San Jose and near Visalia. 
 
 * By an error of the pen, evidently, in the use of "last " I'm- "first," this peculiar angulation of the tibia is ac- 
 credited to Conibius. in the Classification of Coleoptera of X. A., p. 827. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 357 
 
 N. g agates, entirely black, sub-opaque. Head densely and finely punctured; margin of epistoma paler. Thorax 
 broader than long, convex, densely and finely punctured, sides feebly rounded, narrowing slightly toward base; apex 
 emarginate, angles distinct; base rounded, angles obtuse. Elytra broad, convex, densely and minutely punctured. 
 Beneath black, shining, sparsely punctured. 
 
 Length .24-.2S inch. 
 
 This species with the table needs but little description; it differs from those with 
 broadly oval elytra in its being totally black, thorax narrower at base, base rounded, apical 
 angles distinct, not obtuse. The elytra are less rounded on the sides, the humeri distinct. 
 There are no clytral striae and the punctures are very minute and irregularly placed. The 
 anterior tibiae also, are narrow, not broad, as in the two preceding species. 
 
 Occurs in moderate abundance at Camp Grant, under stones, and when recent is 
 pruinosc. 
 
 N. opacus, Lee, New Species, p. 118. 
 
 The thorax is less transverse than in the broad species which precede, is more convex 
 and is also narrower at base and narrower than the base of the elytra. The elytra are 
 elongate oval, rounded on the sides, with distinct humeral angles, surface striate, stria? 
 punctured, intervals feebly convex and finely punctured. The head and thorax are very 
 densely and continently punctured with elongate punctures. 
 
 Length .20-.24 inch. 
 
 The measurement given by Leconte (loc. cit.) is probably a mistake, as his type is 
 one-half longer at least than indicated (.12 inch). 
 
 The anterior tibiae are here also similar in the sexes, and are very gradually wider 
 from the base toward the apex. 
 
 Occurs in Arizona and Lower California. 
 
 N. granulatus, Lee., Ann. Lye. V., 145. 
 
 While similar in form to ojpacus, this species has the thorax broader and less narrowed 
 behind, the surface is densely and coarsely punctured. The elytra are deeply striate, the 
 stria? closely punctured, the interstices convex and muricately punctured. The anterior 
 tibia? of the males serve to distinguish this species from any other. From the base to the 
 middle these tibia? are very gradually wider, below the middle the tibiae are suddenly ar- 
 cuate, causing them to appear toothed. The tibiae of the female are gradually expanded 
 toward the apex and are broader than the male. 
 
 Length .18-.25 inch. 
 
 Occurs at Fort Yuma and Arizona. 
 
 N. sulcatus, Lee., Ann. Lye. V., 145. 
 
 The thorax is sub-quadrate, not narrower behind, sides feebly rounded, almost parallel 
 behind the middle. The elytra are elongate oval, sub-parallel, deeply striate, stria' coarsely 
 
 AMERI. PHILOSO. SOC. — VOL. XIV. — 90 
 
3,38 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONID.E OF AMERICA, 
 
 punctured, interstices very convex and sparsely punctured. The males have the anterior 
 tibia' slender at the basal fourth, then suddenly broader and parallel toward the apex. 
 Those of the female are similar to the preceding species. 
 
 Length .19-25 inch. 
 
 Occurs at San Diego, Lower California, and Arizona. 
 
 All the preceding species, excepting gagates, have ferruginous legs. 
 
 TJLUS, n. g. 
 The above generic name is suggested for two species of Blapstinus differing from the 
 typical form in having the anterior tibiae more dilated, emarginate at apex, witli the outer 
 angle prolonged. The species resemble Trichoton. 
 
 Thorax gradually narrowing from base to apex. obliquus. 
 
 Thorax as wide at middle as at base. c r a s s u s . 
 
 IT. obliquus, Leo., (Blapstinus) New Species, p. 117. 
 
 The thorax gradually narrows from base to apex. The surface is sparsely clothed 
 with short brownish hairs. 
 Length .32 inch. 
 From Cape San Lucas, Lower California. 
 
 IT. crassus, Lee, (Blapstinus) Ann. Lye V.. 140. 
 
 The sides of the thorax are more strongly rounded and as wide at middle as at base. 
 The vestiture of the surface consists of ochreous scale-like hairs, rather densely placed. 
 Length .22-. 26 inch. 
 From around San Francisco, California. 
 
 TRIBE XXII — OPATRINI. 
 
 Mentum small, supported by a distinct gular peduncle; head deeply inserted, always 
 more or less emarginate in front; eyes variable, coarsely granulated, rarely divided; 
 labrum visible; antennas gradually clavate or with the last three joints suddenly broader; 
 intercoxal process of abdomen usually broad, truncate ; anterior tibia? (of our genera) broad, 
 triangular, spurs distinct; tarsi of male not dilated. 
 
 There can be no point of difference given between this tribe and the preceding that 
 will not be found subject to some exceptions. The simple tarsi of the male is that one 
 however, most to 1k> relied on, taken in connection with other characters which, though 
 of small value, show this tribe to be abundantly a distinct type from the preceding. 
 Among these may be classed the broader head, very deeply inserted, almost concealing 
 the eves from above, and with a more prominent epistoma. The mentum also, is simple, 
 never sub-trilobed as in main of the genera of Pedinini. The small number of genera in 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 359 
 
 our fauna renders it (inadvisable to enter further into the discussion of this question. To 
 those who desire to pursue it further, the works of Lacordaire and Mulsant afford abund- 
 ant means. 
 
 The following table exhibits our genera. 
 
 Tibial spins small; last joint of maxillary palpi triangular. 
 
 Anterior tibia slightly dilated, outer angle prolonged; antennas with the last four joints 
 
 suddenly broader; intercoxal process acute. ammodoxvs. 
 
 Anterior tibia? broad, triangular; antennas with gradually broader joints; short, clavate. ephalus. 
 Tibial spurs very large; last joint of maxillary palpi oval. 
 
 Intercoxal process triangular, acute; eyes large. cxemepi.atia. 
 
 Intercoxal process very broad, rounded; eyes absent. alacdes. 
 
 Each of the above genera may be considered as the representative of a distinct sub- 
 tribe. The characters of each will be given in more detail as each genus is considered. 
 
 AMMODONUS, Muls. 
 Ammodonus, Muls., Opusc. Ent. Cahier X, p. 143. 
 
 Body oval, moderately convex. Epistoma rather broadly emarginate. Eyes coarsely 
 granulated, emarginate in front by the side of the head. Last joint of maxillary palpi 
 feebly triangular. Antenna? longer than the head, first two joints thicker, third joint 
 larger than the fourth, joints four to seven gradually shorter and more transverse, eight 
 to eleven rather suddenly broader. Prothorax applied against the base of elytra. Scu- 
 tellum small. Elytral epipleura? gradually narrower toward apex, extending slightly be- 
 yond the fourth ventral suture. Anterior tibia? gradually wider, external apical angle 
 much prolonged and acute. Tibial spurs small. Middle and hind tibia? slender. First 
 and last joints of hind tarsi equal and longer than second and third together. Intercoxal 
 process of abdomen triangular, acute. Hind margin of third and fourth ventral segments 
 distinctly sub-coriaceous and feebly arcuate. Bodv winged. 
 
 A. fossor, Lee, (Opatrum) Journ. Acad., id Series, 1, p. 92; Muls. (Ammodonus) Opusc. Ent. Cah. X. p. 144. 
 
 The generic characters are of such a nature as renders any detailed description of the 
 unique species unnecessary. The margin of the body is fringed with short hairs, the sur- 
 face black, but densely clothed with ash-colored scales. On the elytra the vestiture is less 
 dense, and three series of rounded spots are visible on each elytron, in which the scales 
 are paler and more densely placed. The under surface and legs are paler and the scales 
 sparsely scattered. 
 
 Length .18-. 2 2 inch. 
 
 Xot common in collections. It has been found in considerable numbers burrowing in 
 the sand in the neighborhood of Trenton, and at Bath, Long Island. 
 
360 REVISION" OF THE TENEBRIOXID.E OF AMERICA, 
 
 EPHALTIS, Lee. 
 Ephalus, Lee, Class. Col. X. A., p. 227. 
 
 Broadly oval, convex, resembling Ccelus. Epistoma deeply emarginate, sides of front 
 slightly sinuous, forming an angle in front of the eyes, which are feebly emarginate. Last 
 joint of maxillarv palpi feebly triangular, longer than broad. Antenna? -very short clavate, 
 first two joints broader, second and third equal in length, four to eleven very short, trans- 
 verse and perfoliate, the last joint being slightly narrower and longer than the preceding. 
 Thorax applied against the base of elytra. Scutellum small, transverse. Epipleura? broad, 
 concave, incomplete behind. Intcrcoxal process of abdomen short, obtuse in front Hind 
 margins of third and fourth ventral segments distinctly sub-coriaceou-. feebly arcuate. An- 
 terior tibia? flat, triangular, outer apical angle not prolonged. Spurs small. Hind tarsi 
 with the last joint slightly longer than the first, and both longer than the second and 
 third together. Body apterous. 
 
 The form of the anterior tibise and intercoxal process of abdomen, and more especially 
 the structure of the antenna', indicate this genus as the type of a sub-tribe distinct from 
 that represented by the preceding genus, differing also from the Stizopodes of Lacordaire 
 or any of the " Branches" defined by Mulsant. 
 
 E. latimanus, Lee, (Heliopates) Jonrn. Acad. Series 2, 1, p. 00. 
 
 Form similar to Ccelus or Easattm convexios. Black, opaque. Margin of body fringed 
 with yellowish hairs Surface rather densely muricately punctured, each puncture bearing 
 a small yellowish hair. Elytra very faintly sub-striate. 
 
 Length .30-.36, width .20-24 inch. 
 
 Bather rare in the New England States. 
 
 CNEMEPLATIA, CoMa. 
 
 To tins genus I refer a very rare insect collected by myself in Owens' Valley, Califor- 
 nia. Specimens of the rare European species of Cnemeplatia are before me, and I am un- 
 able to detect any differences not within the bounds ot generic limitation. The epistoma 
 is rather more deeply emarginate and the edge slightly more retiexed. The front in Cne- 
 meplatia has a slight impression on either side, not evident in this insect. The epipleurse 
 are entire in both, and the intcrcoxal process triangular and acute. The palpi are rather 
 short, the last joint of maxillary oval. The antenna? are similarly constructed, although 
 the last three joints are in the California species somewhat broader. Both species are 
 winged. The anterior tibia 1 are triangular and the spurs large. 
 
 C. sericea, elongate oval, sub-parallel, moderately convex. Head sub-quadrangular, broader than long, emar- 
 ginate in front and with slightly rcriVxed margin, eyes prominent, feebly emarginate in front, surface feebly convex, 
 densely and finely punctured, and densely clothed with a yellowish, grey, recumbent silken pubescence. Thorax tra- 
 pezoidal, slightly narrower behind and broader than long, moderately convex, densely and finely punctured and densely 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 361 
 
 clothed as the head; anteriorly feebly emarginate, angles obtuse, sides feebly rounded, base rounded, angles nearly 
 rectangular. Elytra elongate oval, sub-parallel, apex obtuse, base feebly emarginate, humeri moderately prominent; 
 moderately convex above with striffl of coarse punctures, and clothed as in the head and thorax. Under surface of 
 body finely punctured and pubescent, the under surface of thorax and prothorax more densely. 
 
 Within each hind angle the base of the prothorax is a rather broad impression, ren- 
 dering the middle of the base more prominent ; there is also a slight impression opposite 
 the scutellum. The pubescence of the upper surface is uniformly distributed on each of 
 the divisions except on the elytra, where a sub-transverse triangular spot more denuded 
 is seen at the middle of the lateral margin and mid-way between this and the apex. Those 
 spots are broadest at the margin and are present on both sides of the two specimens in my 
 possession. As compared with the European species, the thorax is longer, less narrowed 
 behind and feebly emarginate in front ; the base slightly narrower than, and the apex 
 equal to, the width of the elytral base. The ground color of the insect is reddish brown 
 one of the specimens being rather darker. 
 
 Length .12 inch. 
 
 Rare in Owens' Valley, California, under stones. 
 
 ALAUDES, n. g. 
 
 Anterior tibia? broad, triangular, spurs very large. Intcrcoxal process of abdomen 
 short, broad, rounded in front. Head transverse, broader behind, emarginate in front, 
 sinuate on the sides. Eyes absent. Antenna? ten-jointed, first two thicker, intermediate 
 short, broader than long, compactly placed, last three forming an oval compact club, of 
 which the terminal joint is longer. Mentnm very short, transverse ; lignla not promi- 
 nent ; palpi very short. Maxillary palpi short, last joint oval, slightly arcuate. Gular 
 region prominent, peduncle of mentum broad, emarginate, angles prominent forward. 
 Presternum not prominent. Thorax very transverse. Elytra elongate oval, straight on 
 the sides, connate ; body apterous. Scutellum transverse. Hind tarsi with the first joint 
 rather shorter than the last. 
 
 The absence of eyes and the form of the intercoxal process of the abdomen will serve 
 to distinguish this genus from any of those with triangular tibia? and with the last joint of 
 the maxillary palpi oval. The margin of the head is slightly sinuate at the position usu- 
 ally occupied by the eyes, and the anterior and posterior canthi of the eye here are in 
 contact. Beneath the margin of the front the side of the head forms a broad groove, near 
 the anterior limit of which the antenna? as usual, arise. This broad groove may be con- 
 sidered as merely the continuation of that in which the antenna? usually arise, owing to 
 absence of any prominence in the region of the eye. The gular region is flat, suddenly- 
 declivous on the sides; the lateral margins converge to the front, where it is deeply emar- 
 ginate, with the angles prominent. The mentum is situated at the bottom of this semi- 
 
 AMERI. PH1LOSO. SOC. — VOL. XIV. — 91 
 
3()2 REVISION' OF THE TENEBKIONID.E OF AMERICA. 
 
 lunar emargination, short and transverse. The ligula is almost entirely concealed. The 
 mandibles are anteriorly emarginate at tip. The parapleurae of the metathorax appear to 
 be connate with the sternum, at least the sutures "cannot lie detected with such micro- 
 scopic power as can be used. The prothorax is very short, nearly three times as broad 
 as long, broadly emarginate in front, trisinuate at base. At the middle of the base of the 
 thorax, opposite the scutellum, is a very abrupt and deep depression, and between it and 
 each angle a moderate sinuation. The elytra have also a scutellar depression opposite 
 that of the prothorax. The humeri are distinct and the base feebly emarginate. 
 
 A. singulaiis. oval, brownish, sub-depressed. Head-and thorax (?densely and coarsely punctured) densely 
 C-lothed with yellowish scales, of which some air larger and more prominent. Thorax slightly narrower behind, sides 
 feebly rounded, hind angles obtuse. Elytra with nine rows of large punctures, the interspaces bearing short, thick, 
 erect, capitate yellow hairs distantly placed. Head, prothorax and legs beneath clothed with yellowish scales, the 
 rest of the surface coarsely but sparsely punctured, and with a few scattered scales. 
 
 Length .06 inch. 
 
 The head and thorax are so closely covered by scales that it is impossible to tell 
 whether there is any puncturing or not. With the exception of the erect capitate hairs, 
 the elytra are not clothed, and the surface is rather reddish brown and moderately shining. 
 This insect is by far the most interesting and singular of ;my of those discovered by 
 myself in California, and adds another to the list, still very limited, of blind Tenebrionida?, 
 and is the only blind insect known from California. The specimens are very rare and 
 found living with a small black tint under stones. They are difficult to obtain, owing to 
 their rarity, the peculiar conditions demanded as a residence by the ant and by the ex- 
 cessive numbers of the bitter when found, rendering it very troublesome to search care- 
 fully in their neighborhood. 
 
 TRIBE XXIII — CRYPTICINI. 
 
 Hind coxa? moderately distant, oblique. Head inserted as far as eyes, which are small 
 and reniform and not coarsely granulated. Antennae slender, outer joints rounded, 
 slightly thicker. Presternum prolonged, mesosternum concave. Anterior coxa? nearly 
 round, middle coxae with distinct trochantin. Tarsi spinous beneath; first joint of hind' 
 tarsi very long. 
 
 CRYPTICUS, Lair. 
 
 Crypticus, Latr., Regne Anim. ed. 1. Ill, p. 298. 
 
 One genus and species constitute this tribe in our fauna, easily known by its oval de- 
 pressed form, resembling somewhat tin Hydroporus. 
 
 ('. obsoletus, Say, Journ. Ac.id. Ill, 263. 
 Length .14-.16 inch. 
 
 Occurs in the Southern Atlantic region. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 363 
 
 TRIBE XXIV ULOMINI. 
 
 Body elongate oval, usually somewhat depressed. Head deeply inserted in prothorax, 
 short, frequently broad and emarginate in front. Frontal suture always distinct. Labrum 
 usually prominent, transverse. Mentum variable in most of the genera, trilobed, with the 
 middle lobe prominent. Maxillary palpi with the last joint usually triangular, sometimes 
 elongate oval. Antenna? gradually thickened toward apex, (rarely with the terminal 
 joints forming a club) and more or less perfoliate ; third joint not very long. Eyes vari- 
 able, always more or less emarginate by the sides of the front and the sides of the head 
 behind, never entirely divided. Anterior coxa? sub-transverse or sub-cylindrical, middle 
 coxa? without trochantin. Intercoxal process of abdomen acute or oval, never broad. 
 Tarsi pubescent beneath, last joint elongated. Tibial spurs always visible, never very 
 large. Body winged, rarely apterous. 
 
 The tribes of the family Tenebrionida? are all difficult of definition, and no one is pro- 
 bably more troublesome than this one, and it is only on the table of characters given 
 above, taken as a whole, that the tribe must be considered as limited. In the structure 
 of the antenna? and the absence of trochantin to the middle coxa?, we find the only points 
 of difference between the Ulomini and Tenebrionini. The Diaperini are still less distinct, 
 for with a form of antenna not unlike (though at times sub-serrate) we find the structure 
 of the front offering the most striking points of difference. In Diaperini the eyes are 
 always round, prominent, feebly emarginate in front and always more prominent than the 
 gena?. In the course of the study it has seemed advisable to preserve the Diaperini dis- 
 tinct from the Ulomini. in lieu of uniting them, as has been done by Duval. Its compo- 
 sition is here substantially that of Lacordaire, less Hypophlceus and some genera unknown 
 to him by specimens. The tribe Hypophlceini of Leconte appears to me untenable, the 
 character defining it, the invisibility of the clypeal membrane, is not constant and the 
 membrane is frequently visible in some of the genera of Tenebrionini and Pedinini. The 
 genus Pratseus, Lee, is found to have a faintly sub-bilobed penultimate tarsal joint and a 
 sculpture strongly recalling Ana?dus, etc., and has been united with the Heterotarsini. 
 As defined, the tribe has many genera ; some new to our fauna are now added, while 
 others entirely new are indicated. 
 
 The following table exhibits the characters of our genera, as far as can be done in a 
 synoptic table. 
 
 A. Antenna? with the last two or three joints suddenly broader. 
 
 Epipleura? very narrow at tip ; antenna! club three-jointed. tribolium. 
 
 Epipleura? distinct at tip ; antennal club two-jointed. dioedus. 
 
 B. Antenna? gradually broader toward the tip. 
 
3(U REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONID.E OF AMERICA, 
 
 Base of thorax applied against the bases of the elytra, or some- 
 what distant from them ; never overlapping. 
 Head of nude either tubereulate or horned, and last joint of 
 maxillary palpi oval ; mentum small. 
 Head of male tubereulate; mandibles with a horn above. 
 
 Mandibles above broad, recurved, and not toothed. gnathocekus. 
 Mandibles above slender, incurved and toothed. echocerus. 
 Head o[' male with two long horns, arising within and 
 
 above the eyi s, evoplus. 
 
 Head of male not tubereulate; last joint o[" maxillary palpi 
 ingular; mentum moderate. 
 Epipleura? entire. 
 
 Anterior tibia? slender, similar to the middle tibia 5 . 
 Head (if male with two tubercles above; femora 
 
 mutic. rLosoxiA. 
 
 If ad of male simple; femora broad and with a 
 
 broad tooth near ap \ merotemxus. 
 
 interior tibia? more or le>s dilated, broader than 
 the middle tibia?. 
 Presternum prolonged ; mesosternum deeply 
 
 emarginate. m r< otrogus. 
 
 Prosternum not prolonged ; mesosternum very 
 slightly concave. 
 Front tibia? not denticulate; last joint of 
 
 antenna? quadrangular, truncate, aphanotcs. 
 Front tibia? finely denticulate ; last joint 
 
 of antenna? oval. alphitobh/s 
 
 Epipleura? abbreviated. 
 
 Anterior tibia? slender. 
 
 First joint of hind tarsi long. cyx.eus. 
 
 First joint of hind tarsi short. METACLrsA. 
 
 Anterior tibia? broad, serrate. ulo.ma. 
 
 Base of thorax margined, hind angles covering the humeral angles 
 of the elytra : outer joints of antenna? not perfoliate. 
 Anteri til slightly dilated, finely denticulate. Epipleura? 
 abbreviated. Last joint ol' maxillary palpi broadly 
 triangular. eutochia. 
 
^-ORTH OF MEXICO. 365 
 
 TRIBOLITJM, MacLeay. 
 
 Tribolium, MacLeay, Annulos. Javan., p. 47. 
 
 The mentum in this genus is very nearly square, with rounded anterior angles. The 
 last joint of the maxillary palpi elongate oval, truncate at apex. Antenna 1 slender, last 
 three joints suddenly dilated, forming a flattened club, truncate at apex. The epipleura? 
 are entire but extremely narrow at tip. Anterior tibia? very feebly dilated and percepti- 
 bly broader than those of the middle pair. 
 
 Two species are known in our fauna. 
 
 T. fen ugi neum, Fab., (Trogosita); WolListon (Tribolium). 
 T. madeus, Cbarp., Tenebrio : Redteubacber Tribolium). 
 
 The former species is ferruginous, the latter black. Length .16-.20 inch. The latter 
 species is the larger. As these two species are imported and full descriptions and details 
 of synonymy are given in many readily accessible works on European C'oleoptera, it is 
 deemed unnecessary to repeat them. 
 
 Both species are found abundantly wherever meal or grain is stored. 
 
 DICEPFS, Lee. 
 
 Dicedus, Class. Col. ST. A.. 23S. New Species, p. 132. 
 
 Mentum trapezoidal, narrower behind, anterior angles distinct, convex along the me- 
 dian line and coarsely punctured. Last joint of maxillary palpi elongate oval, scarcely 
 compressed. Antenna? with the first joint cylindrical, thick, last two joints suddenly 
 broader, compressed and pilose, the last joint being the larger. Epipleura entire, as broad 
 at apex as at middle. Intercoxal process of abdomen moderate, rounded at tip. Anterior 
 tibia slightly dilated, outer apical angle distinct, external edge with a few small teeth, 
 spurs rather large. 
 
 1). pu net at us. Lee., loc. cit. 
 
 A small, elongate oval, black species, with the head and thorax and elytral stria 
 coarsely punctured. The elytra have eight stria but no scutellar stria. In the specimens 
 in my possession the suture defining the epistoma is quite distinct, the line being darker 
 and smoother than the rest of the front:. The epistoma is narrow, short and semilunar 
 
 Length .10-1,3 inch. Found rather abundantly under pine bark, over our whole 
 country. 
 
 UN ATHOCERUS, Th unb. 
 Gnatbocerus, Thunberg.. Act. Holm. 1814, p. 47. 
 
 Mentum small, trapezoidal. Maxillary palpi elongate oval, very obliquely truncate at 
 tip. Epipleura short. Base of thorax rather distant from base of elytra. Head with 
 
 AMERI. PHILOSO. SOC VOL. XIV. — i»"2 
 
3(i(> REVISION OF THE TEXEBRIONID.E OF AMERICA, 
 
 two short horns between the eyes. Mandibles (i) with a broad ramus ascending- above 
 the head, the inner being simple and the apex curved backward. Side margin of head (i) 
 broadly foliaceous and prominent in front of each eye. Eyes deeply emarginate in front 
 and behind and nearly divided. Middle of epistoma prominent; on each side emarginate 
 lor the ramus of the mandible. Antennae gradually dilated. Anterior ' and middle tibiae 
 similar, not dilated. 
 
 G. covimtus, Fati., (Trogosita); Thunbeig., (Gnathocerus); Lucas, (Cevandria). 
 
 As this insect has been introduced and is by no means common in this country, the 
 student is referred for a fuller description and an excellent figure to Duval, Gen. Col. 
 Europe. 
 
 Length .18-.20 inch. 
 
 The only specimen known to me was found in California, inside of an army biscuit, 
 
 ECHOCERTJS, n. g. 
 
 This generic name is suggested for GnatJiocerus inaxillosus, which (lifters from the 
 type of the genus in which lias been placed, in the following particulars : 
 
 Eyes rounded, prominent, feebly emarginate in front and not all behind. Sides of 
 front less foliaceous and not prominent. Antenna? more or less robust, last joint sub- 
 quadrate. Superior ramus of mandibles more slender, toothed and incurved. First 
 joint of hind tarsi not longer than the second and third. 
 
 E. in ax illosus, Fab.. (Trogosita); Mann., (Cerandria). 
 
 This is also an introduced insect, found principally in the Southern States. 
 Length .12 inch. 
 
 EYOPLUS, Lee. 
 
 Evoplus, Lee, New Species. 128. 
 
 The description of Dr. Leconte (loc. cit.) leaves nothing to lie desired, and is so recent 
 
 as to render it unnecessary to repeat any portion of it alter the table of genera already 
 
 given. 
 
 E. ferruginen s, Lee.. New Species, \>. 128. 
 
 This genus is undoubtedly near that described as Peneta, and probably forms a link 
 
 between it and Gnathocerus. 
 Length .'20 inch. 
 Found heretofore only in Louisiana. 
 
 ULOSONIA, Casteln. 
 LTosonia, Casteln.. Hist. Nat. des Coleopt. II. p. 220. 
 
 Although the head of the male is here (in our species) tuberculate, or in some species 
 horned, the maxillary palpi have the last joint broadly triangular or securiform. Epi- 
 pleurae entire. Anterior tibia' slender. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 3(>7 
 
 U. marginata, Lee, (Uloma) Ann. Lye. V, 140; (Ulosonia) Gen. Col. X. A., p. 233. 
 Similar in form to Uloma, with the margin of the elytra more reflexed. 
 Length .33 inch. 
 Found under Cottonwood bark, along the Gila and Colorado Rivers. 
 
 MEROTEMNTJS, n. g. 
 
 This name is suggested foi an elongate Ulomide with entire epipleura? and slender 
 front tibia?, differing from Ulosonia in the epistoma more prominent, suture not impressed, 
 front not tuberculate. Femora clavate and flattened, emarginate at tip, and with a broad 
 tooth at the emargination, on the middle and hind femora. 
 
 M. elongatus, elongate, sub-parallel, moderately convex shilling, ferruginous brown. Head moderately eon- 
 vex, sparsely and finely punctured, not tuberculate, frontal suture not impressed. Thorax sub-quadrate, one-fifth 
 broader than long, sides nearly parallel, very feebly rounded, margin distinct, slightly reflexed, apex emarginate, an- 
 gles not prominent, base almost truncate, angles rectangular; disc sparsely and finely punctured. Elytra elongate, 
 more than twice longer than broad, sides slightly converging toward apex, base truncate on "each side, emarginate at 
 middle, slightly broader than base of thorax, angles rectangular; nine entire and one short scutellar stria, moderately 
 punctured, interstices convex, smooth. Beneath very finely and sparsely punctured. Body winged. 
 
 Length .24 inch. 
 
 The femora of this insect are much more strongly clavate than any other of our genera 
 of Ulomini. The anterior femur is not emarginate near the apex, but slightly sinuous, 
 the middle and hind pairs distinctly emarginate, the tooth of the latter being quite large 
 and rather acute at tip. 
 
 One specimen is known to me, presented to Dr. Leconte by Mr. Ulke, who received it 
 from California. 
 
 MYCOTROGTJS, n. g. 
 
 This genus differs from all our other genera of Ulomini in Inning the prosternum pro- 
 longed, mucronate and with a deeply emarginate mesosternum. From Erelus, Muls., it 
 differs in the tuberculate head, tin 1 convex mentum with the middle lobe rather promi- 
 nent in front. The third joint of the antennae is longer than the fourth. The epipleura? 
 are entire, nearly as broad at apex as at middle, the anterior tibise dilated, very finely 
 denticulate and slightly arcuate. The hind tarsi have the first joint longer than the 
 second and third. Body winged. 
 
 M. pi ceu s, elongate oval, depressed, piceous, black, shining. Head rather densely punctured, suture of epis- 
 toma impressed, epistoma and sides of front ferruginous. Thorax sparsely punctured, broader than long, feebly con- 
 vex, sides moderately rounded and margined, gradually narrowing to apex, which is rather deeply emarginate, angles 
 prominent, not acute; base strongly sinuate, hind angles rectangular. Elytra oval, one-half longer than broad, feebly 
 rounded on the sides, base emarginate at middle and truncate at sides; apex obtusely rounded. Disc with eight 
 entire and a short scutellar stria of moderate punctures. Stria? feebly impressed. Beneath sparsely and finely punc- 
 tured. Antennae and legs paler. 
 
 Length .24 inch. 
 
368 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONID^E OF AMERICA, 
 
 Above each eve in this insect is a rather small tubercle, similar to that seen in our 
 species of Ulosonia 9. The frontal suture is also similarly impressed and the epistonia 
 convex. One specimen is known, of similar derivation as that of the preceding genus. 
 
 M. angustus, brownish ferruginous, moderately shining, elongate oval, parallel. Head rather coarsely but 
 sparsely punctured. Thorax slightly broader than long, feebly convex, coarsely but sparsely an. 1 irregularly punc- 
 tured; apex emarginate, angles not prominent; base Insinuate, angles rectangular; sides anteriorly rounded, posterior 
 three-fourths straight and parallel, finely margined, margin slightly retlexed. Elytra elongate, parallel, apex obtuse, 
 base emarginate at middle, with eight strife of elongate punctures, one marginal and a very indistinct scutellar stria; 
 interstices Hat, finely and sparsely punctured. Propleuras coarsely but sparsely punctured, pectus and abdomen finely 
 and sparsely punctured, smooth and shining. 
 
 Length .10-20 inch 
 
 Camp Grant, Arizona, under Cottonwood bark. 
 
 The male is narrower hut smaller than the female, and the frontal tubercles distinct, 
 though less prominent than in the preceding species. The base of the thorax has also a 
 distinct impression on each side, scarcely evident in the female. This species (litters from 
 the preceding in its more elongate and less depressed form, its color and the form of the 
 thorax. In picetis the thorax gradually narrows from base to apex, in augtisttis the thorax 
 is rounded only in front, while the posterior three-fourths are straight and parallel. 
 
 A PHANOTUS, Lee. 
 
 Aphanotus, lac. Gen. Col. X. A., p. 233. 
 
 In addition to the characters given in the synoptic table, the following will serve to 
 render this genus more certain of recognition, when till the foreign genera, of the tribe are 
 taken into consideration. 
 
 Epistonia truncate in front, convex at middle, slightly concave on the sides, suture in- 
 distinct. Eyes very deeply emarginate in front, superior portion elongate, oblique. An- 
 tenna? short, rather robust ; first and second joints thicker than the third; second short, 
 nearly globular ; third slightly longer than fourth; joints lour to eleven very gradually 
 broader, last joint larger and truncate at tip. The hind tarsi are short, first joint equal 
 to the two intermediate, and last joint slightly longer than the first. Intercoxal process 
 rounded at tip. 
 
 A. brevicornis. Lee., (Eulabis) Proc. Acad. 1859, p. ?S. 
 
 The head and thorax are coarsely, the latter rather densely punctured. The elytra 
 are sculptured with rows of faintly impressed punctures, the interstices of which are flat 
 except at middle, where they form a moderately elevated fine line. 
 
 Length .25 inch. 
 From California. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 369 
 
 ALPHITOBITTS, Steph. 
 
 Alphitobius, Stephens, Illust. Brit. Ent. V, p. 11. 
 
 A. diaperinus, Panzer, (Tenebrio); Wollaston, (Alphitobius). 
 A. piceus, Oliv., (Helops); Muls., (Alphitobius). 
 
 These two insects are not natives of our country, and therefore require no special men- 
 tion. For full description, both of genus and species, the student is referred to the works 
 on the species of the various European local fauna?. Large numbers are occasionallv 
 brought in vessels from various parts of the world. A few years since a vessel arrived at 
 Philadelphia from Sierra Leone, the cargo of which was plentifully overrun by the latter 
 species. As far as I can discover, all the specimens found are direct importations, and 
 they do not appear to propagate. 
 
 CYX.F.US, Lee. 
 
 Cyiueus, Lee, Gen. Col. N. A., p. 233. 
 
 The eyes are rather large and convex, deeply cmarginate in front, slightly behind ; 
 inferior portion of the eye large. Antenna? with the third joint nearly equal to fourth 
 and fifth ; joints five to ten transverse, last joint oval. Hind tarsi slender, first joint long. 
 
 C. angustus, Lee., <"Plalydema) Ann. Lye. V, 149. 
 
 Thorax broad, equalling one-and-a-half times the length, cmarginate in front, sides 
 strongly rounded, not narrowing in front, as broad as the elytra. Elytra feebly striate, 
 stria? punctured, interstices feebly convex, densely and finely punctured. 
 
 Length .'20-.'22 inch. 
 
 Found in the Colorado Desert of California, probably near Vallecito. 
 
 C. de p ressus, n. sp. 
 
 Differs from the preceding as follows: Thorax less transverse, nearly truncate at apex, 
 sides very feebly rounded, narrowing in front. Base narrower than the base of elytra. 
 Stria? of elytra not deep, more evident at apex, interstices more sparsely punctured. In 
 both species the head and thorax are rather densely, but not coarsely punctured. 
 
 Length .22-.30 inch. 
 
 Occurs in the southern Coast Range of California. 
 
 METACLISA, Duval. 
 Metaclisa, Duval, Gen. Col. Europe. Ill, p. 290. 
 
 In this genus the mentum is distinctly trilobed in front, the middle lobe prominent, 
 lateral lobes inflexed. The anterior tibia? are slender, the epipleura? short and the first 
 joint of the hind tarsi not longer than the two succeeding joints together. 
 
 M. mavginalls, piceous black, shining, elongate oval, sub-parallel. Head slightly broader than long, feebly 
 cmarginate in front, coarsely but not densely punctured, epistoma paler and the more finely and densely punctured. 
 AMEUI. PH1LOSO. SOC. — VOL. XIV. — 93 
 
370 REVISION OF THE TENEBKIONID^E OF AMERICA, 
 
 Thorax one-third broader than long, moderately convex, coarsely but sparsely punctured, anteriorly emarginate, an- 
 gles not prominent, base broadly sinuous, sides moderately rounded, gradually narrowing toward apex, margin 
 slightly reflexed. Elytra elongate oval, parallel, sub-depressed; with eight entire and a short seutellar stria; stria; 
 punctured; interstices tlat, very feebly and rather sparsely punctured. Beneath ferruginous brown, sparsely but 
 coarsely punctured. 
 
 Length .28-.30 inch. 
 
 The upper surface is piceous black and shining, except the basal, sutural and lateral 
 margins of the elytra, the lateral and apical margins of the thorax and the epistoma, which 
 are ferruginous brown ; the under surface and legs are similar in color, but paler. 
 
 Occurs in Northern California and along the high regions of the Southern Sierras, 
 under bark in fungus. 
 
 THARSTJS, Lee. 
 
 Tharsus, Lee, Class. Col. N. A., p. 233. 
 
 For the present this genus is retained as distinct, differing however, by some slight 
 characters which are at present considered valid. The mentum is here trapezoidal, not 
 trilobed in front but rounded, the anterior angles are slightly infiexed and the middle flat, 
 coarsely punctured, not prominent. The last joint of the maxillary palpi is triangular, 
 not securiform. The front tibia 1 as in Mctaclisa, are similar, and the epipleurae short. The 
 hind tarsi are short, the first joint not equalling the second and third together. 
 
 T. seditiosus, Lee, New Species, p. 122. 
 
 Resembles a small Uloma. For a description the student is referred to the rather re- 
 cent description of Dr. Leconte. 
 Length .20-24 inch. 
 Rather abundant in the Gulf States. 
 
 ULOMA, Cast. 
 Uloma, Cast., Hist. Nat. Ins. Col. II, 21!). 
 
 Easily distinguished from all our genera of the tribe, by its short epiple-urse and di- 
 lated, denticulate anterior tibia;. The mentum is variable, frequently trilobed in front, 
 with the lateral lobes infiexed. 
 
 Our species are numerous. From their mode of life some species have become widely 
 diffused and almost cosmopolite. 
 
 The following table will serve to aid in distinguishing our species : 
 
 Lower edge of anterior femora feebly channeled along their entire length. 
 Epistoma feebly emarginate or truncate. 
 Last joint of antenna? rounded at tip. 
 
 Middle plate of mentum elongate oval ; interatrial spaces 
 
 of elytra entirely smooth. imp r e s s a . 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 371 
 
 Middle plate of mentum transversely oval ; interatrial 
 
 spaces of elytra densely punctulate. punc t ula t a . 
 
 Last joint of antennae oblique, pointed. imberbis. 
 
 Epistoma deeply emarginate. longula. 
 
 Lower edge of anterior femora with a broad fossa near the tip, and 
 
 slightly emarginate. men talis. 
 
 The groove of the lower edge of the anterior femora differs but little in the first five 
 species, and is limited anteriorly by a ridge extending from the base to the apex, so that 
 the lower edge of the femur when viewed from the front is very nearly a straight line. In 
 the last species however, the channel is replaced by a broad fossa rather deeper than the 
 groove in the other species, defined anteriorly by a ridge, not extending to the base, which 
 when viewed from the front appears emarginate near the apex of the femur. The remain- 
 ing characters in the table are sufficiently plain to be readily recognised. 
 
 U. impress a, Mels., Proc. Acad. 3, G4. 
 
 Our largest species, and for a long time considered identical with the European culi- 
 naris, from which it differs by its larger size and different sculpture of mentum (See Le- 
 conte, New Species, p. 123). 
 
 Length .46 inch. 
 
 Occurs abundantly everywhere in the Eastern and Middle States, 
 
 U. imberbis, Lee., New Species, p. 123. 
 
 Similar in form and sculpture to the preceding, differing however, in the transverse 
 middle plate of mentum and the form of the last joint of the antennae. 
 Length .3 2-. 3 6 inch. 
 Occurs with the preceding, but less common, more abundant in the Southern States. 
 
 U. men talis, n. sp. 
 
 Similar in form and sculpture to imberbis, but differs in having a rather less robust 
 form and a stouter thorax. The terminal joint of the antenme is rounded at tip, not 
 oblique. The anterior femur has near its apex a rather broad fossa replacing the entire 
 groove of the other species. The edge does not extend from apex to base, and is not a 
 straight line, but sinuous at the position of the fossa. The middle plate of mentum is 
 deeply concave, smooth and shining, with the edge somewhat thickened in the male (fe- 
 male not seen). The epistoma is more nearly truncate than any other" of our species. 
 
 Length .34 inch. 
 
 Two specimens from Texas and Kansas. 
 
 U. longula, Lee., Proc. Acad. 1861, p. 353. 
 
 More elongate and parallel. Epistoma deeply emarginate. Anterior femur grooved, 
 
372 REVISION OF THE TENEBRI0N1D.E OF AMERICA, 
 
 edge entire and straight. Last joint of antennae rounded at tip. Stria? feebly impressed, 
 interstices flat, smooth. The form of mentum is more nearly allied to impressa, being 
 scarcely broader than long, rather strongly punctured, and with a groove on each side, 
 the lateral lobes are not distinct. 
 
 Length .36-42 inch. 
 
 Occurs in Northern California. 
 
 U. punctulata, Lee, New Species, p. 124; cava, Leo., (ibid). 
 
 The two species above cited are united under the name most applicable to them. The 
 differences of sculpture are but light and vanish in the larger series now at my disposal. 
 The form is elongate oval, sub-parallel, as in the last species. Its color is uniformly fer- 
 ruginous. The thorax usually parallel behind the middle. Epistoma very feebly emar- 
 ginate. Last joint of antennae rounded at tip. Femora with entire groove. Interatrial 
 spaces of elytra rather densely punctured and feebly convex. 
 
 Length .28-33 inch. 
 
 Texas, Louisiana, and Florida. 
 
 In the preceding short descriptions only the more important and peculiar characteris- 
 tics of each species noted. The species of Uloma have a remarkable resemblance to each 
 other, and the continuous repetition of similar forms of expression has here, as elsewhere 
 in this paper, been deemed altogether unnecessary. 
 
 EUTOCIIIA, Lee. 
 
 Eutochia, Lee, Class. Col. N. A., p. 238. 
 Delopygus, Lee., New Species, p. 120. 
 
 On renewed examination the differences between these two genera appear to be so 
 slight as to warrant their union. The cpipleura? of the elytra do not extend to the tip in 
 either genus, and the very slight difference in degree of serration of the anterior tibia? is 
 barely specific, and what might be expected to occur in species of different size. 
 
 E. pioea, Mels., (Uloma) Proc. Acad. 3, C4; Loo., (Eutochia) loc. cit. 
 Black and shining, oval, convex. 
 Length .33 inch. 
 Occurs rather abundantly in the Middle States. 
 
 E. crcnata, Lee, (Delopygus) New Species, 120. 
 
 Smaller, more elongate and less convex than the preceding, brownish in color, with 
 the sutural and lateral margins of elytra paler. 
 Length .22 inch. 
 Occurs in Texas. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 373 
 
 TRIBE XXV HETEROTARSINI. 
 
 Head not deeply inserted, eyes large, coarsely granulated. Antenna? gradually thicker. 
 Middle coxa* with distinct trochantin. Tibial spurs small. Penultimate joint of tarsi 
 more or less bilobed. Tarsi with coarse pubescence beneath. 
 
 These lew characters will serve to render the tribe easy of recognition and separation 
 from any of the neighboring tribes. It appears more closely allied to the Tenebrionini 
 than to the tribes immediately preceding or following. The tribe is a small one, and com- 
 posed in our ianna of but three genera, easily known by the very coarse punctures with 
 which they are ornamented, and may be distinguished as follows: 
 
 Antenna? very gradually thicker ; epipleura? entire but narrower at tip ; 
 
 body pubescent. ax.edus. 
 
 Antenna? with the last three joints larger. 
 
 Margin of thorax denticulate ; body pubescent. paratexetus. 
 
 Margin of thorax not denticulate ; body glabrous. PRATiEUS. 
 
 ANJEDUS, Blanch. 
 Ansedus, Blanch., Hist. Xat. Ins. II, p. 33. 
 A. brunneus, Ziog., (Pandaras) Proc. Acad. 2. 4"i. 
 
 The margin of thorax of this species is very distinct and retiexed, and the hind angles 
 prominent. 
 
 Length .'21 inch. 
 
 Abundant under bark, in the Middle States. 
 
 A. rotnndicollis, Lee Ann. Lye. V, p. 150. 
 
 The margin of thorax is very narrow, and the hind angles much less prominent than 
 the preceding species. 
 Length .17 inch. 
 From the Desert of the Gila River of Arizona. 
 
 PARATEXETUs:. Spinola. 
 
 Paratenetus, Spinola, Mouog. Clerites, II, p. US. 
 P. pnnctatus, Solier, loc. eit.. tali. 44. fig. 5. 
 
 Thorax with sides rounded in front, gradually narrowing behind the middle. 
 
 Length .i'2-.16 inch. 
 
 Abundant in the Middle and Eastern States. 
 
 P. fuscus, Lee, Agass. Lake Superior, p. 223. 
 
 Differs from punctatus by smaller size, more robust form, more convex thorax and 
 elytra, the latter shorter and more rounded on the sides. The sides of the thorax are 
 
 AMERI. PHILOSO. SOC. — VOL. XIV. 94 
 
o(4 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONIDiE OF AMERICA, 
 
 strongly rounded from the front to the hind angles, which are also less distinct than in 
 punctatus. 
 
 Length .08-.10 inch. 
 
 Occurs in ('ana la and the States bordering the Great Lakes. 
 
 In Bull. Mose. 1868. p. 192-3, Motschulsky has indicated two species from the South- 
 ern States unknown to me. 
 
 The following table gives the species named by him : 
 
 Sides of thorax five toothed. 
 
 Thorax ami elytra unequally punctured. punctatus, Sol. 
 
 Thorax ami elytra equally punctured. Thorax cordate, hind angles prominent, cribratus, Motsch. 
 Sides of thorax three toothed. 
 
 Elytra gibbous, antennal mass concolorous. gibbipennis, Motsch. 
 
 PRAT.EUS. Lee. 
 
 Pratseus, Lee., Class. Col. N. A., p. 238; New Species, p. 131. 
 
 This genus has been removed from the association in which it was placed by Dr. Le- 
 conte, as on renewed examination with line specimens the penultimate joint of the tarsi is 
 found to resemble that of the other genera of Heterotarsini, although less distinctly lobed, 
 It may readily be known by the sub-quadrate thorax, not denticulate ; epiplcunc broad at 
 tip; body glabrous, strongly punctured. 
 
 P. f us cuius, Lei-., loc. cit. 
 Length .14 inch. 
 
 Specimens are reported from Xew York and South Carolina; it probably occurs every- 
 where in the Atlantic region, though rare. 
 
 T1!I BE XXVI TRACHYSCELIXI. 
 
 Mentum small, supported by a distinct gular peduncle; ligula and maxilla' exposed. 
 Anterior coxae sub-transverse, middle coxae with distinct trochantin. Tibia? all more or 
 less dilated and fossorial. Tarsi short, spinous or setose beneath. 
 
 This tribe is here composed of the same genera included in it by Lacordaire, their 
 partition in two tribes appearing rather unnecessary and hardly warranted by the differ- 
 ences exhibited. 
 
 The following table will aid in distinguishing our genera: 
 
 Antennae slender, longer than the head. piialeria. 
 Antennae very short and clavate. 
 
 Epistoma truncate. traciiyscelis. 
 
 Epistoma deeply emarginate. anemia. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 375 
 
 PHALERIA, Lair. 
 
 Phaleria, Latr., Hist. Nat. cl. Crust, ct. d. Ins. X, p. :;00. 
 
 The antenna? of Phaleria though not absolutely slender, are so compared with those of 
 the other two genera, the first six joints being obconiral and longer than broad ; the outer 
 joints are usually more or less transverse and gradually broader. The epipleura? are entire. 
 
 The species known in our collections may be distinguished by the following table, 
 published by Dr. Lcconte (New Species, p. 125). 
 
 Oval, finely punctulate species ; antennae with the outer joints transverse ; 
 (metasternum normal, body winged). 
 Base of thorax finely margined. 
 
 Elytra not wider than base of thorax. 
 
 Margin of thorax and elytra with long hairs. 
 Robust species ; surface sub-opaque. 
 
 Upper surface and legs testaceous. v o t u n d a t a . 
 
 Body and legs black; margin of elytra testaceous, limbata. 
 Depressed species ; color black, shining. p i 1 i f e r a . 
 
 Margin without hairs; color variable. 
 
 Sides of thorax converging from the base. t e s t a c e a . 
 
 Sides of thorax parallel behind the middle. Ion g u 1 a . 
 
 Elytra wider than base of thorax ; color black. p i c i p e s . 
 
 Base of thorax not margined. d e b i 1 i s . 
 
 Small, rounded, strongly punctured species ; antenna? with the outer joints 
 not testaceous ; (metasternum short, body apterous). 
 Convex, testaceous, with black elytral spots. glo bosa . 
 
 Eess convex, black, with red humeral spots. h u m e r a 1 i s . 
 
 P. rotundata, Leo.. Ann. Lye. V, 143. 
 
 The under surface of this species is occasionally black, the upper surface testaceous. 
 and when examined under a high power the thorax is found to be finely punctured and 
 alutaceous. The interstrial spaces of the elytra, especially those nearest the suture, are 
 finely transversely wrinkled. 
 
 Length .21 inch. 
 
 Found on the sea coast of California. 
 
 P. limbata, robust, sub-opaque, black, sides of thorax, margin and base of elytra dark testaceous. Thorax 
 broader than long, convex, finely punctured, anteriorly emarginate, angles obtuse, sides rounded, base nearly trun- 
 cate, angles obtuse. Elytra broadly oval, convex, strne distinct, interstices finely transversely wrinkled. Body be- 
 neath black, legs piceous, coarsely punctured. Margin of thorax and elytra fringed with long bail's. 
 
 Length .25 inch. 
 
 Similar in form to the preceding, though rather more robust. The surface above is 
 
376 
 
 REVISION OF THE TENEBKIONID/E OF AMERICA, 
 
 entirely black, excepting the margin and base of elytra and an irregular space nearer the 
 apical angle of the thorax, which are dark testaceous. The thorax above has four slight 
 impressions, two basal and two on each side of the middle, the latter are probably acci- 
 dental. The antennae and legs are piceous. 
 One specimen from San Francisco. 
 
 P. pilifera, Lee, New Species, p. 125. 
 
 The thoracic and elytral margin are in this species fringed with hairs. It may be 
 readily known from the preceding by its more elongate and depressed form and by its en- 
 tirely black color. 
 
 Length .23-.2S inch. 
 
 From Cape St. Lucas, Lower California. 
 
 P. testaeea, Say, Long's Expedition 2, 280. 
 
 The margin of the body is not fringed. The surface smooth and shining and testa- 
 ceous in color. The elytra are sometimes ornamented with black spots. One specimen 
 has the disc of the elytra entirely black, with only a narrow space at base and on the 
 margins, testaceous. 
 
 Length .28-.30 inch. 
 
 Lather abundant, on the Eastern coast. 
 
 1'. 1 o n g u 1 a , Lee, New Species, p. 125. 
 
 Length .22 inch. 
 
 From the Gulf coast, Mississippi Island. 
 
 P. picipes, Say. Long's Second Exp, II. p. 3^0; Am. Em. Ed. Leo., I, p. 185. 
 
 Elongate oval, black, shining. Head finely and sparsely punctured. Thorax broader 
 than long, moderately convex, very li ebly and sparsely punctured and with a short linear 
 longitudinal basal Tmpression on each side; anteriorly emarginate, angles obtuse ; sides 
 feebly rounded, gradually narrowing to apex; base feebly sinuate. Elytra oval, moder- 
 ately convex, wider at base than the thorax, with distinct stria? deeper at apex; interstices 
 feebly punctulate. Beneath shining, black. Antenna? brownish. 
 Length .22-.2S inch. 
 From the southern and middle Atlantic coast. 
 
 P. debilis, Lee, New Species, p. 12C. 
 
 Easily known by the pale color, single brown spot on each elytron, and by the absence 
 
 of any marginal line at the base of the thorax. 
 Length .20-.24 inch. 
 Cape St. Lucas, Lower California. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 377 
 
 P. globosa, Lee, P;ioi. K. R. R., App. 1, p. 51, pi. ii, fig. 4. 
 
 This and the following species differ from those which precede, in so many characters, 
 that the establishment of a distinct genus seems almost necessary. They are both broadly 
 oval and convex, rather coarsely punctured; antennas longer than the head and thorax, 
 slender and with the outer joints not transverse, meso- and metasternum short, and the 
 elytra with the first stria parallel with the suture and no scutellar stria. 
 
 P. o-lobosa i s entirely testaceous, with two black marks on each elytron, the front 
 being,- zigzag, the hinder irregularly triangular. 
 
 Length .12-. 14 inch. 
 
 From the sea coast in the neighborhood of San Francisco. 
 
 P. humeral i s , n. sp. 
 
 Similar in form to the preceding, but less convex. The color is black, somewhat 
 bronzed, with a red humeral spot on each elytron. 
 Length .15 inch. 
 California (locality unknown). 
 
 P. picta. Mann., Bull. Mosc. 184:!, 277. Sitkha; is unknown to me in nature. 
 
 TRACHTSCELIS, Latr. 
 
 Tracliyscelis, Latr., Gen. Crust, et Ins. IV. p. :;T!i. 
 
 The form of antenna at once distinguishes Tracliyscelis from Fhaleria, and the trun- 
 cate epistoma from Anaemia. In form the species resemble .Egialia. 
 
 T. flavipes, Mels., Proe. Acad. Ill, p. 01. 
 
 The upper surface is black and shining, the elytra rather deeply striate and without 
 scutellar stria. The under surface is paler and the legs yellowish. 
 Length .L3-.14 inch. 
 From the southwestern Atlantic sea coast. 
 
 A X.E.MIA, Cast. 
 
 Anaemia, Cast., Hist. Nat. Col. II. p. 21s. 
 
 Head broad, deeply cmarginate, sides rather broadly dilated. Eyes deeply emargi- 
 nate, superior portion small. Mention small, trapezoidal. Last joint of maxillary palpi 
 elongate oval. 
 
 Antennae short, robust, gradually thicker toward the tip, outer joints very transverse, 
 last joint slightly longer than the preceding and rounded at tip. Thorax very transverse. 
 Elytra as broad as thorax, and with entire epipleurae. Legs short, robust, tibiae all dilated, 
 ■ outer apical angle of all prolonged. Body winged. 
 
 I refer to Anaemia, an insect from California possessing all the characters assigned to 
 the species of the Eastern Continent, with also a similarity of sculpture. 
 
 AMERI. PHILOSO. SOC VOL. XIV -95 
 
378 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONIO.E OF AMERICA, 
 
 A. californica, oval, robust, piceous. Head broad, moderately convex, very densely and rather coarsely 
 punctured. Thorax transverse, nearly three times as broad as long, convex, densely and coarsely punctured and 
 fringed with Ion- yellowish hairs: anteriorly emarginate, angles not prominent; base rounded, angles obtuse; sides 
 strongly rounded, slightly narrower behind than in front. Elytra broadly oval, scarcely longer than broad, not 
 broader at base than the thorax; base feebly emarginate; sides fringe. 1 with long yellowish hairs; surface rather 
 densely, coarsely and very irregularly punctured. Under surface of body with few scattered punctures. Prosternum 
 and legs with long yellow hairs. Body winged. 
 
 Length .16-.20 inch. 
 
 As compared with the figure of A. sardoa, Gene, in Duval, pi. 70, tig. 350, our spe- 
 cies is more robust, with a shorter thorax and with the sides much more strongly from the 
 apex to base, the hind angles being very obtuse. The punctures are denser and coarser. 
 
 Occurs in Owens' Valley, Cal., and the adjacent regions of Nevada. 
 
 TRIISE XXVII DIAPERINI. 
 
 Body usually oval or rounded, sometimes elongate (Hypophlceus). Eyes prominent, 
 very feebly emarginate in front. Antennae always with the outer joints thicker and per- 
 foliate Mentum small, gular peduncle distinct, Anterior coxae sub-transverse ; middle 
 coxa' with distinct troehantin. Legs slender ; spurs small; tarsi pubescent. 
 
 This tribe may be distinguished from those which precede by the very convex eyes, 
 more prominent than the sides of the front, and from the Bolitophagini by the gula not 
 being transversely sulcate. 
 
 Our genera may be divided into the following groups; 
 Diaperes. Body broadly oval; eyes distinctly emarginate in front; pygidium covered. 
 hirst joint of hind tarsi not longer than the second. DIAPERIS. 
 
 First joint of hind tarsi equal to second and third. hoplocephala. 
 
 First joint of hind tarsi longer than second and third. 
 
 Epipleurae entire; intercoxal process of abdomen acute. 
 Mesosternum concave. 
 
 Last joint of maxillary palpi broadly triangular, plattdema. 
 Last joint of maxillary palpi elongate triangular, 
 
 outer side much longer. ALPHITOPHAGUS. 
 
 Mesosternum prominent, liodema. 
 
 Epipleurae short; intercoxal process of abdomen truncate, scapiiidema. 
 HypOPHIXEI. Body cylindrical ; eyes distinctly emarginate in front; py- 
 gidium exposed. 
 (One genus in this group). HYPOPHUEUS. 
 
 PentAPHYLLI. Body elongate oval; eyes not emarginate in front; py- 
 gidium covered. 
 Last five joints of antennae forming a loose club. pentaphyllus. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 379 
 
 DIAPERIS, Geoff. 
 
 Diaperis, Geoff., Ins. d. Envir. d. Paris, I, p. 337. 
 
 Two species of this well known genus occur in our fauna, 
 
 D. hydni, Fab., El. 2, 585; Lap. Ann. Sc. Nat. 23, 335; maaulata, Oliv., Enc. Meth. 0, 273. 
 
 This species is remarkably uniform in its system of elytral coloration. The elytra are 
 orange color, with a sutural black stripe, not reaching the scutellum, becoming irregularly 
 wider toward the apex; a small black spot at the anterior third, not very distant from the 
 suture, and another smaller, near the margin ; a large irregular spot beginning at the 
 margin behind the middle, extending toward the suture without attaining it, and becom- 
 ing irregularly narrower. The head between the eyes is rufous. The legs entirely black. 
 
 Length .24 inch. 
 
 Abundant in the Middle and Eastern States, under bark or in fungi. 
 
 D. rufipe s, oval, convex, shining; head entirely rufous; antennae black except the three basal joints, which are 
 rufous; thorax black, shining, finely and sparsely punctured. Elytra with distinct striae of moderate punctures, in- 
 terstices finely but very sparsely punctured; color black, with a. basal and median transverse irregular baud of orange, 
 and an oval apical spot of the same color on each elytron; epipleurae black except base. The legs are brownish, ex- 
 cepting the anterior femora and coxa?, which are pale orange. 
 
 Length .20 inch. 
 
 Found in Arizona, at Camp Grant, under Cottonwood bark. 
 
 The differences between this species and the European D. boleti, when viewed from 
 above, are very slight, the system of coloration is identical, the differences being in the 
 entirely rufous head and the pale legs, and by the interstices between the elytral stria? 
 being much more sparsely punctured. The eyes are more closely approximate and the 
 frontal region of the head narrower in our species. 
 
 HOPLOCEPHALA, Cast, et Brulle. 
 
 Iloplocephala, Cast, et Brulle, Ann. d. Sc. Nat. 23, p. 33S. 
 Arrhenoplita, Kirby, Fauna Am. Bor., p. 233. 
 
 This genus differs from Diaperis in having the first joint of the hind tarsi longer than 
 the second ; and from the genera which follow, by the same joint being less than the two 
 following together. The epipleura? are abbreviated. 
 
 Our species are four in number, of which two only are known to American entomolo- 
 
 gists. 
 
 Head of male with two horns. 
 
 Thorax red, elytra green or blue, with metallic lustre. v i r i d i p e n n i s . 
 
 Thorax and elytra similar in color. 
 
 (Color blue ; length 4 lines. chalybea ). 
 
 Color green ; length If lines. bicornis. 
 
 Head of male simply tuberculate. 
 
 (Thorax ferruginous, elytra black. collaris). 
 
380 REVISION OF THE TEXEBRIOXIICK OF AMERICA, 
 
 II. viridipeunis, Fab., (Diaperis) Syst. El. II, 586, 4; Cast et Brullr, (Oplocepbala) Ami. A. So. Nat. 23, 340. 
 
 In this species and the following^ the head of the female is entirely devoid ol tubercles. 
 Length .10-14 inch. 
 
 II. bicornis, Oliv., (Diaperis) Ent. 3, 55; Enc. Meth. i!. 2~'-l; Kirliy. (Arrhenoplita) Fauna Bor. Am. 235; 
 iresci us, Cast, ef Brullc, i tloplocepliala I loc. tit. p. 341; bicornis, Fab., (Hispa) Mant. p. 215. - 
 
 This species differs from the preceding in having the whole surface bluish green. The 
 thorax occasionally becomes brownish. 
 
 Length .10-.14 inch. 
 
 This and the preceding species are found rather abundantly over our entire country, 
 living in fungi. 
 
 II. cbalybea, Cast, et Brulle, Ann. Sc. Nat. 23, p. 341. 
 
 " Elongate, punctured, shining, bluish green ; head of male with two vertical horns, 
 female tuberculate; elytra moderately striate; body beneath blackish; legs brownish. 
 Length 4 lines, width lj lines. 
 From the neighborhood of Philadelphia." 
 Unknown to us. Probably not North American. 
 
 !1. collaris, Cast, et Brulle, loc. cit. p. 347. 
 
 "Elongate, punctured, shining, dark ferruginous; head at middle bituberculate, mouth 
 and antenna' brownish; thorax reddish brown, scutellum red; elytra faintly striate, black; 
 with the base, humeri and anterior portion of suture brownish ; legs pale ferruginous. 
 
 Length 2| lines, width 1 [ lines. 
 
 From the neighborhood of Philadelphia." 
 
 Unknown to us. 
 
 PLATYDEMA, Cant, el Brullr. 
 Platyclema, Cast et Brulk', Ann. He. Nat. 2:'., p. 350. 
 
 First joint of hind tarsi longer than the two following joints ; epipleurse entire; me- 
 sosterlmm concave ; last joint of maxillary palpi broadly triangular, with the inner and 
 outer sides nearly equal; intercoxal process of abdomen triangular, acute. 
 
 These characters will serve to distinguish this genus from all those before mentioned 
 and those which follow. 
 
 Our species are numerous and may be distinguished l>v the following table: 
 
 Head tuberculate or horned; front concave. 
 Polished or shining species. 
 
 Black, broadly oval. excavatum. 
 
 Blue, more elongate. c y a n e s c e n s . 
 
 Opaque species. e r y t h r o c e r u m . 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 381 
 
 Head neither tuberculatc nor horned. 
 
 Thorax rufous, elytra black. ruficolle. 
 
 Thorax and elytra black. 
 Surface opaque. 
 
 Elytra without red spots. 
 
 Antenna? pale. ruficorne. 
 
 Antenna? black, three basal joints pale. flavipes. 
 
 Antenna? black, three basal pale, terminal ferru- 
 ginous, j a n u s . 
 Elytra with an oblique red spot on each. ellipticum. 
 Surface, shining black. 
 
 Presternum horizontal, apex prominent, 
 
 Head with distinct transverse groove and frontal 
 impression. 
 Frontal impression rather deep ; species broader, oregonense. 
 Frontal impression faint ; species less rounded, americ a n u m . 
 Head without transverse impression. 
 
 Thorax very sparsely punctured; surface less 
 
 shining. laevipes. 
 
 Thorax densely punctured ; species small, 
 
 shining, black. m i c a n s . 
 
 Presternum convex between the coxa? ; apex deflexed 
 and obtuse. 
 Smaller species, black, with an a?neous tinge, picilabrum. 
 
 more elongate. 
 Larger species, black, more broadly oval. s u b c o s t a t u m . 
 
 P. excavatum, Say, (Diaperis) Journ. Acad. 3, 267. 
 
 A very abundant species over the entire district East of the Rocky Mountains ; easily 
 recognisable by the black color, shining surface and corniculate head. Specimens occur 
 in the Western States of rather more elongate form and less deeply striate elytra. 
 
 Length .18-.21 inch. 
 
 P. cyanescens, Lap. et Bralle, Ann. Sc. Nat. XXIII, p. 356. 
 
 Differs from the preceding, in its more elongate form, less rounded sides and by its 
 blue color. 
 
 Length .18 inch. 
 
 Occurs in the Gulf States. 
 
 AMERI. PII1LOSO. SOC. — VOL. XIV. — 96 
 
382 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONID.E OF AMERICA, 
 
 ° -. ~ 
 
 P. erytlirocerum, Lap. et. Bridle, Ioc. cit., p. 
 
 Broadly oval, opaque, under surface and antenna? brownish. 
 
 Length .15 inch. 
 
 Occurs in the Gulf States. 
 
 P. ruficolle, Lap. et Brulle, 1"'. cit., p. 375; sanjuinieolle, Mels., Proc. Acad. 3, 61. 
 A small oval sub-opaque species with a rufous thorax, and black elytra with apices 
 paler; the body beneath, legs and antennae brownish ferruginous, the latter being paler. 
 Length .20 inch. 
 Middle States, rare. 
 
 P. nificome, Sturm, i Diaperis) Oatal. ed. 1826, p. OS, tab. 3, fig. 21. rufiuentrc, Lap. et Brulle, (Plat.) p. 378; 
 anale, Hald., .1. Ac. Ser. II. Vol. I, p. 101; rufa, Mels., (Neomida) Proc. Acad. 3, 61. ? p aliens, Lap. et Br., Ioc. cit. 
 
 Very broadly oval, opaque black, under surface and legs dark testaceous, antenna? en- 
 tirely pale. P. rufa, Mels.. is but an immature specimen, as is probably the pollens of 
 Lap. and Brulle. 
 
 Length .16—22 inch. 
 
 A species of wide distribution. 
 
 P. Bavipcs, Fab., (Mycetopliagus) Syst. El. II, 367, 11: Lap. et Brulle, Ioc. cit. 588; basale, Hald., J. Acad. 
 Ser. II, Vol. I. p. 101. 
 
 Similar to the preceding species, but more elongate, and with the antenna? black ex- 
 cept the three basal joints, which are testaceous. The thorax is very feebly and sparsely 
 punctured at middle, while at the sides the punctures are not only denser but coarser, dif- 
 fering in this respect from the preceding species, in which the thorax is scarcely more 
 punctured toward the margin than at the middle. The under side of the body and legs 
 are pale brownish. 
 
 Length .16-.20 inch. 
 
 Middle and Southern States. 
 
 P. janus, Fal... (Mycetopli.) Syst. El. II, 566, 4: Lap. et Brulle, Ioc. cit., p. 372; Zimmerman mscpt. 
 
 At the suggestion of the manuscript of the late Dr. Zimmerman, I refer to this species 
 our largest opaque black species, heretofore considerd flavipes. The description of the 
 latter corresponds exactly with that described by Haldeman some years after as basale. 
 Janus differs from flavipes in having the terminal joint of the antennae ferruginous, and 
 by the thorax being regularly, sparsely and finely punctured. The under surface and legs 
 are pale ferruginous. 
 
 Length .24-.30 inch. 
 
 From the Southern States, California, Arizona, and New Mexico. The types were 
 from Peru. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 383 
 
 P. ellipticum, Fab., (Mycet.) Syst. El. II, 566, 3; (Tenebrio) supplement, 19, 15; (Platydema) Lap. etBrulle, 
 loe. cit. 380. 
 
 The body, antennse and legs are entirely black, and the elytra have an oblique red 
 spot from the humerus backward and inward toward the suture. The margins of the spot 
 are irregular. 
 
 Length .'2'3-.30 inch. 
 
 Abundant in the Southern States, rarely found in Pennsylvania. 
 
 P. oregonense, Lee, Pacif. K. R. Rep. IX, App. I, p. 51. 
 
 This species is very closely allied to the following, and it is doubtful whether they 
 should be retained as distinct. The only differences being in the rather rounder form 
 and deeper frontal impression of this species. Should these two prove to he identical, its 
 distribution would prove nearly as extended in the Northern regions as janus in the 
 Southern. Oregoncse is always brownish in color, never black ; the antenna? are pale ; 
 the presternum horizontal, tip acute and prominent. 
 
 Length .20-.26 inch. 
 
 Distributed from Oregon to Fort Tejon, Cal. 
 
 P. americanum, Lap. et Brulle, loe. eit. 358. 
 
 This species has heretofore borne the name of subcostatum, Lap., in our collections, 
 and has been so distributed. The differences between it and oregonense have already 
 been adverted to. 
 
 Length .20-.26 inch. 
 
 Abundant in the Northern States and Canada. 
 
 P. lsevipes, Hald., J. Acad., Series II. Vol. 1, p. 101. 
 
 Differs from both the preceding, in having the front convex, without any transverse or 
 intra-ocular impression. The presternum is likewise prominent and horizontal. The sur- 
 face is less shining than cither of the preceding, and while the thorax and head are black 
 the elytra are brownish. The antennae are pale brown and the legs ferruginous. 
 
 Length .20-26 inch. 
 
 Middle and Southern States. 
 
 P. mi c a ns , Zimmerman mscpt. 
 
 " Broadly oval, of the form of ruficolle, black, very shining, with a blackish submetal- 
 lic lustre to the elytra, with the sides toward the apex brownish ; antenna?, palpi and legs 
 reddish brown ; head rather densely and coarsely punctured, thorax rather densely but 
 less coarsely punctured, with two feeble impressions along the basal margin ; elytra with 
 stria? of rather large punctures, with the interstices rather densely and finely punctured ; 
 beneath with moderately large punctures." 
 
 Length .12 inch. 
 
 South Carolina. Dr. Chas. Zimmerman. 
 
384 REVISION OF THE TEXEBRIOXID.E OF AMERICA, 
 
 This species resembles in size, color, form and general appearance the female of exca- 
 vatum Say, though readily distinguishable by the absence of horns or tubercles. The 
 scutellar stria is almost totally obliterated and replaced by a single larger and many small 
 irregularly placed punctures. The presternum is horizontal, acute and produced behind, 
 and rather more deeply received in the mesosternum than usual. 
 
 The above description and the substance of the remarks are drawn from the manu- 
 script of the late Dr. Zimmerman, of Columbia, South Carolina. It is greatly to be re- 
 gretted that these were not published in full at the date of their origin, as many valuable 
 suggestions are found, now unfortunately for him forestalled by later students. That Dr. 
 Zimmerman, even with a limited cabinet and library, was fully equal to and in many re- 
 spects in advance of his cotemporaries, there can be no doubt. 
 
 T. picilabrum, Mels., Proc. Ac-ad. 3, 61. 
 
 This species and the next have the presternum between the coxa? very convex, and 
 the apex depressed, obtuse and not prominent. In both the labrum is testaceous and the 
 antenna' and legs ferruginous. This species has more deeply striate elytra with an irneous 
 tinge, the form is also more slender and parallel. 
 
 Length .20 inch. 
 
 Eastern, Middle and Western States. 
 
 P. sub costatum, Lap. et Bralle, loc. cit. p. 302; clypeatum, Hald., Journ. Acad., Ser. II, Vol. 1, p. 101. 
 
 One of our largest and most abundant species in the Eastern and Middle States. Easily 
 known by the characters given in the table. The species has been considered americanum, 
 but the possession of an authentically determined specimen of the present species has 
 enabled me to determine the identity of Haldeman's species, as well as fix the value of 
 those otherwise labelled. 
 Length .22-.26 inch. 
 
 Unknown species. 
 
 P. politum, Lap. et Bralle, loc. cit. p. 361. 
 
 Erom the description this species does not differ from some specimens of americanum, 
 now before me. 
 
 Length 3.5 lines, breadth 2 lines. 
 Erom Philadelphia. 
 
 P. pallens, Lap- et Bralle, loc. cit. p. '■',',!. 
 
 Probably an immature form of ruficorne or possibly of janus. 
 Length 3, breadth 2 lines. 
 Erom North and South America. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 385 
 
 P. cyan en, Lap. et Brulle, loc. cit. p. 392. 
 
 From the description it is fairly inferable that this species is but the female of one be- 
 longing to the group in which the head of male is corniculate. It and the two preceding- 
 species are, however, not known to me, and the matter is left with the few suggestions to 
 future students. 
 
 Length 2, breadth 1 line. 
 
 From North America. 
 
 ALPHITOPHAGUS, Steph. 
 
 Alphitophagus, Steph., Illust. of Brit. Ent. Y, p. 12. 
 
 A genus easily recognisable in the form of the second and last joints of the palpi. The 
 epipleurre are entire, the presternum not produced, (he first joint of the hind tarsi equal 
 to the second and third together, but shorter than the last. 
 
 A. bifasciatus, Say, (Diaperis) Journ. Acad. Ill, 268, 1823; guadripustulatus, Steph., loc. cit., pi. 24, fig. 1, 
 1832. 
 
 Easily known from all our species of Diaperini. by the small size, elongate oval form 
 and system of coloration. The general color is reddish brown, the elytra being darker, 
 The latter have two yellow hands on each, one near the humerus and slightly oblique, 
 another behind the middle and transverse, not reaching the suture, and an elongate oval 
 spot near the apex. 
 
 " The males are remarkable in the curious structure of the head. The epistoma is 
 deeply and bisinuately impressed along its posterior border, slightly impressed in the mid- 
 dle and elevated on each side ; the front has also three deep grooves forming two longitu- 
 dinal ridges, well marked and terminating between the eyes. They are also smaller than 
 the females."— (Duval). 
 
 Length .08-. 10 inch. 
 
 Not rare in the Middle States and Dist. Columbia. Occasionally found in colonies of 
 twenty or more. As this insect is very rare in Europe, it has probably been introduced. 
 
 LIODEMA, Zimm. 
 
 Liodema, Zimra., MS. Tenebrionides. 
 
 Closely allied to Platydema, hut differs in having the mesosternum prominent and not 
 emarginate. Presternum convex between the coxa?, apex deiiexed and received, when 
 the thorax is depressed, beneath the mesosternum. The rest as in Platydema. 
 
 L. lreve, Hald., (Platydema) Journ. Acad., Ser. II, Vol. 1, p. 101 (Liodema) Zimm. MSS. No. 3250. 
 Oval, convex, smooth, moderately shining; color piceous black, with the apex of elytra 
 paler, beneath reddish hrown; mouth, antenna? and legs reddish yellow; head and thorax 
 
 AMERI. PHILOSO. SOC VOL. XIV 97 
 
386 REVISION" OF THE TENEBRION1D.E OF AMERICA, 
 
 regularly convex, with very fine sparsely placed punctures; epistoma and margins of 
 thorax brownish ; elytra with faint striae of very tine punctures; body beneath smooth, 
 shining, very sparsely punctured. 
 
 Length .16 inch. 
 
 North Carolina, Dr. Chas. Zimmerman. 
 
 SCAPHIDEMA, Redt. 
 
 Scapliidema, Redt.. Fauna Austr. rd. 1. p. 591. 
 
 Nelites, Lee, Agass. Lake Super., p. 232. 
 
 This genus may be distinguished from Platydema by its truncate intercoxal process 
 and short epiplcune. The mesosternum is less prominent, less deeply excavated than any 
 of the genera except Alphitophagus. The thorax is narrower at base than the elytra, the 
 sides not rounded except in front, and gradually wider from apex to base. 
 
 S. seneolum, Lcc. (Nelites) loo. cit.; Lac, (Scaph.) Genera V, p. 304. 
 
 As compared with the European species, this one is more elongate, less rounded and 
 with a narrower thorax. 
 Length .14-.18 inch. 
 From the Lake Superior region. 
 
 HYPOPHLCEUS, Fab. 
 
 Hypophloeus, Fab. in Sclmeid. N. Ma<j. Ent., p. 24. 
 
 Easily known by its sub-cylindrical form, thicker antennas and rather broaden- tibia?. 
 The epipleurse are short. 
 
 Three species represent this genus in our fauna. 
 Thorax regularly convex. 
 
 Thorax emarginate in front; angles distinct. parallelus. 
 
 Thorax truncate in front; angles obtuse. thoracic us. 
 
 Thorax depressed, with a broad longitudinal excavation. 
 
 Thorax truncate in front; angles obtuse. cavus. 
 
 II. parallelus, Mels., Proc. Acad. 3, 03. 
 
 Rufous, parallel. Thorax emarginate in front. 
 Occurs from Canada (Pet tit) to Arizona. 
 
 II. thoraeieas, Mels, Proc. Acad. 3, 03. 
 
 Head and thorax rufous, elytra dark brown or black. Thorax anteriorly truncate, 
 angles obtuse. 
 
 Occurs from Canada to Georgia. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 3$7 
 
 II. cavus. Lor.. New Species, p. 129. 
 
 Head and thorax rufous, elytra blackish, with long hairs. Abundantly distinct in the 
 broad thoracic groove. 
 Length .15 inch. 
 Occurs in Kentucky. 
 
 PENTAPHYLLUS, Lair. 
 Pentapliyllus, Latr., Regne Animate ed. 2, p. 30. 
 
 P. pallidas, Lee., New Species, p. 120. 
 
 "Belongs to the same division as the European P. testaceus, having the epistoma 
 broadly rounded, and the anterior tibiae not dilated ; it differs in having the body be- 
 neath testaceous." The color of the body is entirely testaceous above and beneath. 
 
 Lenirth .10 inch. 
 
 Abundant in Canada West; collected by Mr. Johnson Pettit. 
 
 P. calif ornie us, n. sp. 
 
 Similar to pcdlidus in form, color and sculpture, differing in being more depressed and 
 with the centres of the first two abdominal segments brown, almost black. 
 Length .09 inch. 
 Port Crook, C'al. 
 
 Since the publication of the description of the preceding species, I have been enabled 
 to examine a large series of specimens, through the kindness of Mr. Pettit of Grimsby, 
 Ontario. The males of 2>ctllidus are very distinctly bituberculate on the front between the 
 eyes, and are usually larger than their females. The head of the female is very convex in 
 pallidus, but in californicua there is an increase of the convexity in the place of the tuber- 
 cles of the male. The unique in the cabinet of Dr. Leconte at the time of the descrip- 
 tion of pallidas was a female, hence the failure to note the above character, which will 
 serve additionally to separate our species from the European. From the figure given by 
 Duval, P. testaceus is much more acute behind than either of our species, which are very 
 obtuse and alike in both sexes. 
 
 TRIBE XXVIII BOLITOPHAGINI. 
 
 Last joint of palpi not securiform. Head short, deeply inserted. Epistoma semi- 
 circular in front. Antenna? partly received, in repose, in a transverse gular groove 
 between the eyes. Outer joints of antennae perfoliate, rarely pectinate. Scutellum dis- 
 tinct. Anterior coxa? sub-cylindrical. Tibia? simple, spurs small or absent. Tarsi short, 
 feebly pubescent beneath, usually compressed, with the first joint usually very small, last 
 joint long 
 
388 REVISION OF THE TEXEBRIONID.E OF AMERICA, 
 
 Our genera are four in number, as follows: 
 Sides of head in front of eyes prominent. 
 
 Eves partially divided ; antenna? ten-jointed. bolitotiierus. 
 
 Eves entirely divided; antennae eleven-jointed. . bolitopiiagus. 
 
 Sides ol head in front of eyes not prominent. 
 
 Eyes distinctly emarginate ; thorax margined ; margin 
 
 crenulate. eeedona. 
 
 Eves not emarginate ; thorax not margined. biiipidandrus. 
 
 BOLITOTHERTJS, Candeze. 
 Bolitotiierus, Candeze. 
 Phcllidius, Lie. CIa>s. Col. X. A., p. 23G. 
 
 P.. cornutus, Fab.. (Boletophagus) Syst. El. 1, p. 110; Panzer, (Opatrum) Fauna Amer. Bor. Prodroui., pi. 1, 
 fig. 5 and li, J, and f; bifurcum, Fab., (Opatrum) Ent. Syst. Supp. 40, I. 
 
 This insect is easily known. The males have two horns, slightly curved and broader 
 at tin, projecting forward from the thorax. The anterior margin of epistoma has a very 
 short horn, bifid at tip. 
 
 * 
 
 Length .40-.45 inch. 
 
 Occurs abundantly everywhere in the middle belt of States. 
 
 This species appears to be in an unfortunate condition in its synonymy. It appears 
 to base been originally described by Fabricius as Opatrum bifurcum (Ent. Syst. Supp. 
 40, I), subsequently by Panzer as 0. comutum (Prod. Inc. cit.) All subsequent authors 
 appear to have adopted for our insect the name of Fabricius, Trox cornutus, (Ent. p. 88) 
 and repeated verbatim in his Syst. Eleut. I, p. 112, referring to an insect from Ceylon. 
 In Syst. El. 1. lip. 112 and 11:), Fabricius adopts the name of Bolitophagus, and changes 
 without any reason the specific name bifurcus to cornutus, and refers the insect to Caro- 
 lina. In a notice of some coleopterous larvae (1861, p. 13), Candeze at the suggestion of 
 Lacordaire, establishes the genus Bolitotiierus and adopts the specific name cornutus, re- 
 ferring to Syst. El. p. 112, on which are two species of' this name, and although stating 
 that the perfect insect is well known, Candeze does not state whence it comes. To render 
 the matter still move confused, Harold (Cat. p. 1945) refers Opatrum bifurcum, 1'/., (cor- 
 ii nt ii in. Fab.,) to Bolitophagus, and the Trox cornutus, Tali., of Ceylon, to Bolitotherus, 
 The whole truth is that our large species is a Bolitotherus, whether the specific name be 
 bifurcus or cornutus. It is to be desired that this confusion may lie rectified. From my 
 own study I am inclined to adopt the synonymy as givi n by Harold (Catal. 1941 and 5), 
 witli the removal of the />'. bifurcus, Tab., (cornutus, Pan/,.,) from Bolitophagus to Bolito- 
 tiierus. Such a change compels us to drop a very well known specific name, adopting 
 another, almost entirely lost sight of. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 389 
 
 BOLITOPHAGTTS, Illiger. 
 Bolitophagus, Illiger, Die Ka'fer Preuss., p. 100. 
 
 Eyes entirely divided, sides of head prominent. Antennae eleven-jointed. 
 
 B. corticola , Say, Jouvn. Acad. V, 238. 
 
 The margin of thorax is strongly crenulate and deeply notched in front of the hind 
 angles. The surface is covered with numerous tubercles and the elytra ornamented with 
 widely interrupted elevated ridges. 
 
 Length .33 inch. 
 
 Occurs in the Middle and Eastern States. 
 
 B. depressus, Randall, (Eledona) Bost. Jouvn. II, '31; telvaopss, Newman, (Bolet.) Eut. Mag. V, 378. 
 
 Differs from the preceding, in having the thorax simply coarsely punctured, with the 
 sides regularly rounded and margin scarcely crenulate. The elytra arc finely costate, the 
 interstices having a single row of coarse punctures. 
 
 Length .20-.30 inch. 
 
 Middle an 1 Eastern States and Canada. 
 
 ELEDONA, Lair. 
 Eledona, Latr., Precis d. ear. gen. d. Ins., p. 10. 
 
 Differs from the preceding genera, in not having the sides of the head prominent in 
 front of the eyes. The eyes are about half divided. Front rounded, not prominent at 
 middle. Antenna? clavate and compressed. Thorax distinctly margined, margin finely 
 crenulate. 
 
 E. fungicola, brown, opaque, oval, sub-cylindrical. Head densely and coarsely punctured. Thorax broader 
 than long, very rugosely punctured, convex, anteriorly feebly emarginate, base bisinuate, sides feebly rounded, grad- 
 ually wider behind. Elytra convex, broadly rounded at apex, base feebly emarginate, surface finely costulate, inter- 
 stices with a single row of coarse punctures. Beneath dark brown, coarsely punctured, antennae and legs paler. 
 
 Length .14 inch. 
 
 Middle States. Closely resembling E. agaricicola of Europe. 
 
 This insect has been associated in collections with the next as its female, the differ- 
 ences appear to me to warrant its separation as a species of this genus. The characters 
 are all those of Eledona. 
 
 RIIIPIDANDHUS, Lee. 
 
 Rhipidandrus, Lee, Class. Col. N. A., 236. 
 
 llhipidandrus differs from Eledona in having the eyes larger, more convex, more 
 coarsely granulated, and not emarginate by the sides of the front. The front is narrow, 
 epistoma rather prominent, and truncate at middle. The antenna? are pectinate from the 
 fifth to last joints, the fifth joint with a shorter branch than those which follow. The 
 thorax is without flattened and crenulate margin. 
 
 AMERI. PHILOSO. SOO. — VOL. XIV. — 93 
 
390 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONID.E OF AMERICA, 
 
 R. flabellicornis, Sturm, (Xyletinus) Cat. 182G, p. 59, pi. 1, fig. 7. 
 
 T have before me ten specimens of this insect, and find them all agreeing with the 
 characters of the genus as defined by Dr. Leconte, and showing no differences among them- 
 selves in the formation of their antenna'. The species is similar- in sculpture to the 
 Eledona before described. The antennae and legs are pale reddish brown. 
 
 Length .10 inch. 
 
 Middle and Western States and Canada West (Pettit). 
 
 May not this genus be allied to the Eutomides, lately referred to this family ! 
 
 TRIBE XXIX — APOCRYPHINI. 
 
 Body slender, apterous ; head not constricted behind ; labruni prominent, clypeal mem- 
 brane distinctly visible; eves small, emarginate, coarsely granulated; mentum small; last 
 joint of maxillary palpi strongly securiform ; antenna' eleven-jointed, slender, scarcely 
 thicker externally; prothorax globose, marginal ridge rounded or wanting; trunk pedun- 
 culated; elytra embracing widely the flanks of abdomen; epi pleurae narrow; middle coxae 
 without trochantin ; hind coxa' small, widely separated ; legs long, femora elavate ; tibia? 
 --lender, spurs small ; tarsi pubescent with long hairs ; hind margins of third and fourth 
 ventral segments coriaceous. 
 
 The last character alone serves to remove this tribe from the association in which it 
 was placed by Dr. Leconte, to the place assigned it by Lacordaire, preferring, however, 
 to retain it as a distinct tribe. 
 
 APOCRYPHA, Esch. 
 Apocrypha, Esch., Zool. Atl. IV, p. 13. 
 
 Our species, three in number, all small, are found in California, under chips, etc., 
 in very dry places ; they are very agile and difficult to capture. 
 
 A. authicoides, Esch., loc. cit., pi. is, lij;. 7. 
 
 Thorax globoso-oval, broader than long ; broader in front of middle, sides strongly 
 rounded and gradually narrower toward apex. Surface rather coarsely but sparsely punc- 
 tured, and very sparsely clothed with yellowish hairs. Color brownish testaceous, elytra 
 blackish, base broadly brownish testaceous. Beneath colored as above, legs paler. 
 
 Length .11 inch. 
 
 San Francisco and Tejou, Cal. 
 
 A. dyschirioides, Lee, Ann. Lye. V, 137. 
 
 Smaller than the preceding. Head and elytra dark brown or black, thorax rufous, 
 shining. Thorax longer than broad, sides nearly straight ill front, gradually widening 
 beyond the middle, then rapidly narrowing. Under surface blackish, feet rufous. 
 
 Length .08-10 inch. 
 
 Found with the preceding. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 391 
 
 A. oli vino ides, brownish testaceous, sub-opaque. Thorax more densely punctured and more densely pilose, 
 broader than lung-, sub-globose, slightly depressed, sides moderately roundftd from apex to base; base rounded. Elytra 
 elongate oval, sub-depressed, sides feebly rounded, apex obtuse, surface moderately coarsely punctured and sparsely 
 clothed with short yellowish recumbent hairs. Beneath testaceous, rather densely and coarsely punctured and sparsely 
 pilose. 
 
 Length .14 inch. 
 
 Owens' Valley, California, rare. 
 
 Differs from both the preceding species, by its color, more depressed form, and by the 
 shape of the thorax. In this species the sides are gradually rounded from the apex to 
 base, and the base is not prolonged as in the other species, and is comparatively broader. 
 The elytra are less convex, more elongate, sides less rounded, and apex less acute. 
 
 TRIBE XXX HELOP1X1. 
 
 Labrum prominent, clypeal membrane always visible ; last joint of palpi securiform ; 
 head usually more or less prolonged behind the eyes ; antennae with the outer joints flat- 
 tened sub-triangular; last joint usually longer than the preceding; elytra feebly embracing 
 the body ; epipleura? entire ; legs usually long ; anterior coxee globular ; tibial spurs fre- 
 quently very small; tarsi densely pubescent beneath, the anterior and often the middle 
 dilated in the males; intercoxal process broad or oval, never acute at tip; body either 
 apterous or winged. 
 
 HELOPS, Fab. 
 
 llelops, Fab., Ent. Syst,, p. 337. 
 
 One genus represents this tribe in our fauna. Our species are numerous and may be 
 divided in the following manner : 
 
 Group i — Alate Species. 
 
 Thorax sub-quadrate, sides feebly rounded; apex (except in hnpclitus) emarginate; angles all prominent. 
 Thorax emarginate at apex; elytra sub-metallic; shining. 
 
 Sides of thorax not undulated; elytra finely striate, interstices finely and sparsely 
 
 punctured. micans. 
 
 Sides of thorax undulated; elytral strue deeper. undulatus, 
 
 Sides of thorax not undulated; elytral striae deep; interstices convex, almost en- 
 tirely impunctured. veuustus. 
 Thorax truncate in front; angles rectangular; surface sub-opaque; elytra with rows of 
 
 elongate punctures. i m p o 1 i t u s . 
 
 Thorax usually broader than long; sides moderately rounded; apex truncate or rounded, 
 with obtuse angles. 
 Antennae with the outer joints compressed and sub-triangular. (Black, sub-opaque, 
 California species.) 
 Thorax narrowed at basj. o p a c u s . 
 
 p unu tipe nu i s. 
 Thorax wider at base, rugnlosus 
 
 Antennae slender, outer joints not compressed. 
 

 392 REVISION OF THE TEXEBRIONID.E OF AMERICA, 
 
 Thorax obtusely margined, 
 
 Brownish; last joint of antennae shorter. a n gusi u s. 
 
 Brownish; last joint of antennae longer than tenth. gracilis. 
 
 Thorax acutely margined. 
 Margin narrow. 
 
 Propleurse finely longitudinally wrinkled. califoruicus. 
 
 Propleurse coarsely and irregularly wrinkled, e d w ardsii . 
 
 Margin broad, more or less reflexed. 
 
 Thorax broadest at middle. pernitens. 
 
 Thorax broadest at base. lse tus . 
 
 C4noup it — Apterous Species. 
 
 Antenna; short, robust, outer joints compressed. rugicollis, 
 
 Antenna- longer than head and thorax. 
 Sides of thorax rounded. 
 
 Apex of thorax truncate. 
 
 Thorax broader than long. 
 
 Hind angles obtuse or rounded. 
 
 Terminal joints of antennae sub-cylindrical, last joint long; interstrial 
 
 spaces with rounded tubercles, distinct at least at apex. bachei. 
 
 Terminal joints of antennas sub-triangular, last joint short oval; inter- 
 strial spaces Hat. eonvexulus. 
 Hind angles nearly rectangular. 
 
 Elytra with stria' of line punctures. 
 
 Propleurse grooved. sere us. 
 
 Propleurse coarsely punctured, 
 
 Last .joint of antenna' longer than tenth. cisteloides. 
 
 Last joint of antennae shorter than tenth. disc ret us. 
 
 Elytra deeply striate. sulci pen n is. 
 
 Thorax longer than broad. 
 
 Form slender; joints four to eleven of antennsB sub-equal. atte ml a tus. 
 
 Apex of thorax emarginate; angles prominent. 
 
 Form broadly oval: elytra deeply striate, fa r e tus, 
 
 Sides of thorax sub-angulale in front of noddle. 
 
 Apex truncate; antenna' slender; form broadly oval. t u m e s e ens. 
 
 II. mi cans, Fab., Syst. Fl. I, 157; mltalus, Oliv., :t, 4; tanicltus, Beauv. Ins., p. 101, pi. 30, fig. .4. 
 
 Our largest Eastern species. Thorax emarginate in front, angles distinct, broader 
 thnii long, somewhat broader at base, sides feebly sinuate. Antennae slender, outer joints 
 feebly compressed ; last three joints smaller and gradually decreasing. Elytra faintly 
 striate, shining with indistinct metallic stripes. Propleurae coarsely and continently punc- 
 tured. Apex of last ventral segment with a broad hairy depression ; in the females the 
 depression is longitudinal and smaller. 
 
 Length .50-.70 inch. 
 
 A species of wide distribution. 
 
 1!. undulatus. Fee, New Specie-, p. 132. 
 
 Similar to the preceding. Differs in the undulate sides of thorax and the absence oi 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 393 
 
 any depression in the last abdominal segment, The terminal joints of the antenna? are 
 less compressed and not shorter. The antenna?, as in most of the species of the genus, 
 are shorter in the female. 
 
 Length .46-.53 inch. 
 
 Southern States. 
 
 H. veil ust us, Say, Long's Exped. 2, 283. 
 
 Smaller than either of the preceding. The sides of the thorax are nearly straight, the 
 proplenra? coarsely but not continently punctured, and the elytra deeply striate, with con- 
 vex interstices. Antennae slender and as in undulatus. 
 
 Length .36-.3S inch. 
 
 Not abundant in the Middle and Southern States. 
 
 II. i nip ol i tu s, Lee, New Species. 132. 
 
 Thorax nearly square, sides nearly straight, apex very feebly emarginate. Elytra with 
 stria? of coarse punctures. Color black, slightly bronzed, sub-opaque. Antenna? slender. 
 Propleura? rugosely punctured, punctures behind confluent in grooves. Last segment of 
 abdomen concave and hairy at apex. 
 
 Length .50 inch. 
 
 Texas. One male in my own cabinet, and a female in that of Mr. Ulke. 
 
 II. op a cu s, Lee., Proc. Acad. 18">9, 284. 
 
 Thorax truncate in front, angles rounded ; base almost truncate, angles rectangular ; 
 sides rounded in front, slightly sinuate and converging behind ; surface opaque black, 
 rugosely punctured. Three terminal joints of antenna^ shorter, compressed, broader than 
 long. Propleura? coarsely and rugosely punctured. Two forms of this species occur, one 
 apterous, the other winged. In the apterous form the thorax is more convex, the elytra 
 more robust, convex and shorter. The winged species has the elytra depressed, more 
 elongate and less rounded on the sides ; the thorax is also less convex, rather broader and 
 with less rounded sides. I am unwilling at present to assign a distinct name to the latter 
 form, desiring a further accumulation of specimens. 
 
 Length .52-70 inch. 
 
 From San Francisco, Cal. 
 
 H. punctipennis, Lee., New Species, 133. 
 
 Similar in form to the preceding, but more depressed and smaller. Thorax slightly 
 broader than long ; disc densely but not rugosely punctured, sides rounded in front, 
 slightly sinuate behind, base truncate, angles slightly acute, more prominent in any other 
 of our species. The elytra are depressed, slightly broader behind, moderately striate, 
 
 AMERI. PFIILOSO. SOC VOT,. XIV 09 
 
394 REVISION OF THE TEXEBRIONID.E OF AMERICA, 
 
 interstices densely punctured and slightly rugose. Antennae long, with the outer joints 
 compressed, very gradually shorter. 
 
 Length .36 inch. 
 
 California. 
 
 II. rugulosus, Lee, Ann. Lye. V, 151. 
 
 A large sub-opaque black species, differing from all our other alate species in having 
 the outer joints of the antennae compressed and shorter, and the thorax broader behind. 
 The thorax is broader than long, truncate at apex and base, sides rounded, gradually con- 
 verging to the apex. The propleurse are finely grooved near the margin and coarsely 
 punctured near the coxae. The elytra are finely striate, the interspaces transversely 
 wrinkled and finely punctured. 
 
 Length .38.-64 inch. 
 
 California, near San Francisco. 
 
 II. angustus, Lee, Proc. Acad. 1 sr>n, 77. 
 
 Brownish, not metallic. Thorax as long as broad, truncated in front and behind, sides 
 moderately rounded, disc feebly convex. Antenna? elongate, outer joints not compressed, 
 very slightlv shorter. Propleurae coarsely punctured. Thorax without thin margin. 
 
 Length .30-40 inch. 
 
 Fort Tejon, California. 
 
 II. gracilis, Bland, Proc. Ent. So,-. 1803, \>. 310. 
 
 Bronzed, sub-parallel, moderately depressed. Thorax not margined, broader than 
 long, truncate at apex and base, sides feebly rounded, anterior angles broadly rounded, 
 hind angles rectangular. Propleura? coarsely and irregularly grooved. Antenna' slender, 
 last joint longer than the preceding. 
 
 Length .30-35 inch. 
 
 New Jersey, Bland. 
 
 II. californicus, Mann., Bull. Mosc. 1*4:!; Beitrag. p. 2S7. 
 
 Similar in form to gracilis, but rather more depressed and somewhat broader. The 
 surface is brownish or piceous, shining, but rarely sub-metallic. Thorax rather more 
 transverse and with a distinct margin, more evident near the hind angles. The propleurae 
 are very finely wrinkled. The antennae are slender, the outer joints feebly compressed, 
 sub-equal, the last joint broadly oval, equal with the preceding. The elytra arc feebly 
 striate, the interstices tint, smooth and very sparsely punctured. 
 
 Length .26- 42 inch. 
 
 San Jose, California. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 39") 
 
 II. edwardsii, piceous with slight aeneous tinge. Head coarsely and rather densely punctured. Thorax 
 broader than long, moderately convex, rather finely punctured and more densely at the sides; apex sub-truncate, base 
 feebly rounded at middle, sides rounded in front, slightly sinuate and feebly narrower at base, margin acute, not 
 broad, apical angles obtuse, hind angles rectangular. Propleurae coarsely and irregularly wrinkled and punctured, 
 mesosternum coarsely punctured. Elytra oblong; feebly broader behind middle, sides feebly rounded; surface mod- 
 erately convex, rather deeply striate, stria} not punctured, interspaces feebly convex and sparsely punctulate. Body 
 beneath coarsely but not sparsely punctured, abdomen more densely punctured and at. the sides wrinkled. 
 
 Length .02 inch. 
 
 Resembles a large specimen of califomicus, from which it may readily be distinguished 
 by the form of the thorax and the sculpture of the propleurge. The elytra are also much 
 more deeply striate. The antenna? are broken, but they appear to be as in ealifomicus. 
 
 For a single female specimen I am indebted to Mr. II. Edwards, of San Francisco, to 
 whom I with pleasure dedicate it. 
 
 Collected in Oregon. 
 
 II. pemitens, Lee. , Proc. Acad. 1861, p. 353. 
 
 Thorax one-half broader than long, apex and base of equal width, the former truncate, 
 the latter feebly rounded ; sides rounded, very distinctly margined, margin slightly re 
 flexed. Antenme slender, outer joints very feebly decreasing, last joint elongate, some- 
 what longer than the tenth. Elytra rather broadly oval, finely striate, surface smooth and 
 polished. Propleurae finely wrinkled. 
 
 Length .40 inch. 
 
 Oregon. 
 
 H. lsetus, Lee, Proc, Acad., Pacif. R. P. Rep. IX, App. 1, p. 51. 
 
 Thorax as in califoi'nicus, but rather more transverse. Margin broad, slightly reflexed 
 and broader than the hind angles. Antennae with sub-ecpial joints, last joint rounded and 
 smaller than the tenth. Fropleurae finely rugose. Elytra less rounded than in pemitens, 
 more deeply striate, and with the interstices feebly convex. Surface smooth, shining, cu- 
 preous metallic. 
 
 Length .3'?- inch. 
 
 Oregon. 
 
 H. rugicolliS; Lee, New Species, p. 133. 
 
 With this species begins our series of apterous Helops. The very short robust an- 
 tennae serve to distinguish this species from those to which it has most resemblance in 
 form and other characters. The antennae are not longer than the head and thorax, ro- 
 bust, outer joints compressed, last three shorter; joints nine and ten sub-triangular, 
 broader than long, last joint oval and shorter. The head and thorax are rather densely 
 aciculately punctured, and reddish brown. Thorax slightly broader than long, apex trim- 
 
396 REVISION OF TOE TENEBRIONIMI OF AMERICA, 
 
 cate, base feebly rounded, bind angles distinct, not rounded. Elytra elongate oval, humeri 
 rounded, color piceons. Propleurae coarsely punctured. Kegs ferruginous. 
 Length .10-46 inch. 
 
 Specimens in my cabinet from Tejon and Owens' Valley, California. 
 
 II. bacliei, Lee, Proc. Acad. 18G1, 353. 
 
 Thorax slightly broader than long, sides strongly rounded, apex truncate, base slightly 
 rounded, hind angles very obtuse or rounded. Antenna? slender, last joint longer than 
 the preceding. Elytra elongate oval, with striae of punctures faintly marked, interstices 
 sparsely punctured and with slightly elevated rounded tubercles evident at least near the 
 apex. Propleurae with confluent reticulate punctures. Surface sub-opaque, faintly 
 bronzed. 
 
 Length .34— .50 inch. 
 
 Island of Santa Barbara, coast of California. 
 II. convexulus, Lea, Proc. Acad. 1861, p. 353. 
 
 Thorax similar to the preceding, with less rounded hind angles. The surface is 
 shining, not metallic. Elytra elongate oval, convex, faintly striate, interstices flat, very 
 sparsely punctured. Antennae slender, outer joints gradually decreasing, last joint oval. 
 not longer than the preceding. Propleurae finely wrinkled. Easily distinguishable from 
 the preceding species, the only one with which it might be confounded by description, by 
 its more convex form, shining surface and absence of any interatrial tubercles. 
 
 Length .22-.30 inch. 
 
 Bitter Boot Valley, Nebraska. 
 
 II. serous, Germar, s]>. nov. \>. 159; aratua, Say. Jouru. Acad. 5, '240: pullus, Say, .Touvn. Acad. 5, 241. 
 
 A common species in the Eastern States, easily recognisable by the characters given 
 in the table and by the very deeply grooved propleurae. The last three joints of antennae 
 are shorter and sub-equal. 
 
 Length .28-36 inch. 
 
 Abundant in the Middle States. 
 
 II. cist el "ides, Germar, Spec Nov. p. 159. 
 
 The thorax is somewhat broader than long, the hind angles rectangular. I'ropleune 
 coarsely punctured. Elytra elongate oval, bronzed, with striae of fine punctures, inter- 
 stices flat, impnnctured. Antennae slender, last joint longer than the preceding. 
 
 Length .40-.50 inch. 
 
 Gulf States. 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 397 
 
 II. discretus, Lee, New Species, p. 134. 
 
 This species is unknown to me in nature, and is placed near dsteloides in consequence 
 
 of its comparison by Dr. Leconte with that species. 
 Length .44 inch. 
 Texas. Cabinet of Mr. H. Ulke. 
 
 II. sulcipennis, Lee, New Species, p. 133. 
 
 A very distinct species in this section, by its deeply sulcate elytra. The interstices 
 are convex, smooth and shining with metallic reflection. The antennas are slender, the 
 joints nearly equal, the last being as long as the preceding. The propleura? are punctured 
 and wrinkled. The humeri of the elytra are more distinct than in any of our apterous 
 species. 
 
 Length .30 inch. 
 
 Mount Yona, Habersham Co., Georgia. 
 
 H. attenuatus, Lee., (Amphidora) Ann. Lye. V, 137; Class. Col. N, A., p. 240 (Slenotrichws). 
 
 The type of this species is a badly mutilated specimen found by Dr. Leconte in the 
 desert region around Vallecito, California. From the character of the region and the ap- 
 pearance of the specimen, it must have been dead some years, and exposed to the intense 
 heat of the desert region, lias undoubtedly lost to a certain extent its original outline. 
 Several specimens are in my cabinet, from neighboring regions, agreeing in most respects 
 with the type, but having the thorax rather less convex and slightly broader. The speci- 
 mens, however, vary among themselves to a certain extent. 
 
 Thorax longer than broad, truncate at apex and base, sides feebly rounded, margin 
 obtuse. Propleura? and entire under surface densely and coarsely punctured. Elytra 
 elongate oval, almost sub-cylindrical, humeri rounded ; surface with stria? of coarse punc- 
 tures, and interstices more finely punctured. Antenna? with the outer joints feebly com- 
 pressed, not shorter. 
 
 Length .26-. 36 inch. 
 
 Occurs at Vallecito, Owens' Valley, and at Camp Grant, Arizona. 
 
 II. farctus, Lee, Proc. Acad. 1858, p. 74. 
 
 Very distinct from all our apterous species, by its broadly oval form, apex of thorax 
 deeply emarginate, and anterior angles prominent, and by its deeply striate elytra. 
 Thorax twice as broad as long, sides feebly rounded, and wider at base; surface densely 
 but not coarsely punctured. Propleura? and entire under surface coarsely but not sparsely- 
 punctured. Antenna? gradually wider to apex, outer joints not shorter. ( 'olor black, 
 moderately shining. 
 
 Length .20-33 inch. 
 
 Texas. 
 
 AMERI. PHILOSO. SOC— VOL. XIV. — 100 
 
398 REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONID.E OF AMERICA, &C. 
 
 H. t u m e s ce n s, Leo., New Species, 134. 
 
 A species differing abundantly from our only other species of oval convex form, in the 
 sides of the thorax being sub-angulate. It resembles cereus, Germ., in form. The broadest 
 portion of the thorax is in front of the middle, in cereus nearer the base. 
 
 Length .42 inch. 
 
 California. Collection of II. Ulke. 
 
 The following species are described in the books, and from the very short descriptions 
 are not recognisable. 
 
 II. a in e ri c a mi s , Beauv. Ins. 122, pi. 30, fig. 6. 
 II.? tristis, Beauv. Ins. 15?, pi. 30b, fig. 1. 
 
 The former may possibly be H. undulatus, Lee, while the latter does not appear to 
 belong to the genus. 
 
 TRIBE XXXI MERACANTHINI. 
 
 A single genus represents this tribe in our fauna. 
 
 MERACANTHA, Kirby. 
 
 Meracantlia, Kirby, Faun. Bor. Amer. p. 237. 
 
 51. contract a, Beauv. (Helops) Ins.. p. 122, pi. 30, fig. C>; canadensis, Kirby, (Meracantha) 1. c; tumidus, 
 Mels., (Helops) Proe. Acad. 3, 61. 
 
 A common species found over a large part of our eastern regions. Color dark bronze, 
 shining. Head deeply inserted, antenna' long, slender, scarcely thicker at tip. Anterior 
 portion of presternum very short, Anterior femur with an obtuse tooth. 
 
 Length .44— .50 inch. 
 
 TRIBE XXXII STRONGYLIINI. 
 
 STRONGTLITJM, Kirby. 
 
 Strongylium, Kirby, Trans. Linn. Sue. XII, p. 417. 
 
 Two species of this genus are known to American students. 
 
 S. tenuicolle, Say, (Helops) Journ. Acad. III. 07; Lac. (Strong.) Genera V, 487. 
 
 Thorax quadrate or longer than wide. Antennae slender, last joint yellowish. 
 
 Length .56 inch. 
 
 Middle and Western States. 
 
 S. terniina t u m. Say, (Teuebrio) Journ. Acad. V, 241; Lac. (Strong.; Genera V, 487. 
 
 Thorax broader than long, with a shallow longitudinal median groove. Antenna? as 
 in tenuicolle. 
 
 Length .46 inch. 
 Western States. 
 
INDEX 
 
 Names in Italics are synonyms or unknown species. Several unknown species not mentioned in the body of tile paper 
 
 will be found on page 402. 
 
 AGEOXOMA, 
 AL/EPHUS, 
 
 pallidus, 
 ALAUDES, 
 
 singular! s, 
 ALPHITOBIUS, 
 
 diaperinus, 
 
 pieeus, 
 ALPHITOPHAGUS. 
 
 bifasciatns, 
 
 quadripustulatus, 
 AMMODONUS, 
 
 fossor, 
 AMPHIDORA. 
 
 eaudata, 
 
 littoralis, 
 
 nigropilosa, 
 
 tenebrosa, 
 AN.EDUS, 
 
 brunneus, 
 
 rotundicollis, 
 ANAEMIA, 
 
 californica, 
 ANEPSIUS, 
 
 delicatulus, 
 APHANOTUS, 
 
 brevieornis, 
 APOCRYPHA, 
 
 anthieoides, 
 
 elivinoides, 
 
 dyschirioides, 
 AR.EOSCHIZUS, 
 
 armatus, 
 
 costipennis, 
 
 reguiaris, 
 
 sulcicollis, 
 ARGOPORIS, 
 
 atripes, 
 
 bieolor, 
 
 suleipennis, 
 ARRHENOPLITA, 
 ASBOLUS, 
 ASPDA, 
 
 aetuosa, 
 
 ceger (var.) 
 
 iegrota, 
 
 angulata, 
 
 bilurca, 
 
 captiosa, 
 
 earinata. 
 
 coniluens, 
 
 connivens, 
 
 consobrina, 
 
 convexa, 
 
 convexicollis, 
 
 costipennis (var.) 
 
 costipennis || 
 
 difformis, 
 
 elata, 
 
 gibbieollis, 
 
 272 
 
 hirsuta, 
 
 346 
 
 hispidula, 
 
 346 
 
 inmqualis, 
 
 361 
 
 lecontei, 
 
 362 
 
 lirata, 
 
 369 
 
 1 aetata, 
 
 369 
 
 marginata, 
 
 369 
 
 morbillosa, 
 
 385 
 
 muricatula, 
 
 385 
 
 obovata, 
 
 385 
 
 obsoleta, 
 
 359 
 
 opaca, 
 
 359 
 
 parallela, 
 
 328 
 
 polita, 
 
 330 
 
 punetieollis, 
 
 329 
 
 rirnatus (var.) 
 
 329 
 
 semilog vis, 
 
 329 
 
 sexeostata, 
 
 373 
 
 sordida, 
 
 373 
 
 subcylindrica ( var. ) 
 
 373 
 
 ASTROTUS, 
 
 377 
 
 contortus, 
 
 378 
 
 reguiaris, 
 
 277 
 
 AUCHMOBIUS, 
 
 277 
 
 subUevis, 
 
 368 
 
 BATULIUS, 
 
 368 
 
 rotundicollis. 
 
 390 
 
 setosus, 
 
 390 
 
 BIUS, 
 
 391 
 
 estriatus, 
 
 390 
 
 BLAPSTINUS, 
 
 274 
 
 ceneolus, 
 
 275 
 
 auripilis, 
 
 274 
 
 brevicollis, 
 
 274 
 
 califomicus. 
 
 274 
 
 discolor, 
 
 325 
 
 dilatatus, 
 
 325 
 
 interruptus, 
 
 325 
 
 lecontei, 
 
 325 
 
 longulus, 
 
 379 
 
 luridus, 
 
 278 
 
 metallicus, 
 
 282 
 
 mcestus, 
 
 284 
 
 prate nsis, 
 
 283 
 
 pubescens |[ 
 
 283 
 
 pulverulentus, 
 
 286 
 
 sordidus, 
 
 285 
 
 sulcatus, 
 
 287 
 
 vestitus. 
 
 285 
 
 BLAPYLI,% sub. gen.. 
 
 285 
 
 BOLITOPHAGUS, 
 
 285 
 
 corticola, 
 
 287 
 
 depressus, 
 
 287 
 
 tetraopes, 
 
 288 
 
 BOLITOTHERUS, 
 
 283 
 
 bifurcus. 
 
 a?6 
 
 cornutus, 
 
 289 
 
 BRANCHUS, 
 
 289 
 
 florid anus, 
 
 288 
 
 CENTRIOPTERA, 
 
 286 
 
 asperata, 
 
 286 
 
 caraboides, 
 
 283 
 
 infausta, 
 
 286 
 
 mui'icata, 
 
 283 
 
 seriata, 
 
 286 
 
 spiculifera, 
 
 288 
 
 CENTRONOPUS, 
 
 284 
 
 calcaratus, 
 
 286 
 
 coraciuus, 
 
 288 
 
 opacus, 
 
 285 
 
 reflexus, 
 
 283 
 
 CERENOPUSS, 
 
 285 
 
 concolor, 
 
 283 
 
 costulatus, 
 
 287 
 
 cribratus, 
 
 288 
 
 CIBDELIS, 
 
 284 
 
 bachei, 
 
 285 
 
 blaschkii, 
 
 283 
 
 CXEMEPLATIA, 
 
 288 
 
 sericea, 
 
 290 
 
 CNE.MODUS, 
 
 290 
 
 testaceus, 
 
 290 
 
 CCELOCNE.YIIS, 
 
 262 
 
 californica, 
 
 262 
 
 dilaticollis, 
 
 270 
 
 magna, 
 
 270 
 
 obesa, 
 
 270 
 
 punctata, 
 
 345 
 
 (JCELUS, 
 
 345 
 
 ciliatus, 
 
 351 
 
 globosus, ' 
 
 355 
 
 CONIBIUS, 
 
 353 
 
 elongatus, 
 
 353 
 
 seriatus. 
 
 355 
 
 parallelus. 
 
 354 
 
 CONIONTIS, 
 
 353 
 
 abdomlnalis, 
 
 355 
 
 aftinis, 
 
 353 
 
 eschscholtzii, 
 
 354 
 
 lata, 
 
 355 
 
 nemoralis, 
 
 355 
 
 obesa, 
 
 355 
 
 opaca, 
 
 354 
 
 ovalis, 
 
 353 
 
 punetieollis, 
 
 355 
 
 robusta 
 
 352 
 
 subpubescens, 
 
 352 
 
 viatica, 
 
 354 
 
 CONIPIKUS, 
 
 315 
 
 CRANIOTUS, 
 
 389 
 
 pubescens, 
 
 389 
 
 CRATLDUS, 
 
 389 
 
 osculans, 
 
 389 
 
 rotundicollis, 
 
 388 
 
 CRYPTADIUS, 
 
 388 
 
 inflatus, 
 
 388 
 
 CRYPTICUS, 
 
 291 
 
 obsoletus, 
 
 291 
 
 CRYPTOGLOSSA, 
 
 278 
 
 laevis, 
 
 279 
 
 280 
 
 280 
 
 279 
 
 280 
 
 ■279 
 
 342 
 
 342 
 
 342 
 
 343 
 
 342 
 
 325 
 
 326 
 
 326 
 
 326 
 
 341 
 
 341 
 
 341 
 
 360 
 
 360 
 
 ■266' 
 
 2(56 
 
 335 
 
 336 
 
 336 
 
 336 
 
 336 
 
 337 
 
 292 
 
 292 
 
 292 
 
 350 
 
 351 
 
 350 
 
 351 
 
 295 
 
 296 
 
 297 
 
 297 
 
 298 
 
 297 
 
 298 
 
 296 
 
 297 
 
 297 
 
 296 
 
 297 
 
 296 
 
 292 
 
 258 
 
 258 
 
 328 
 
 328 
 
 328 
 
 262 
 
 262 
 
 362 
 
 362 
 
 280 
 
 2S0 
 
400 
 
 REVISION OF THE TKNEBRIONlDiE OF AMERICA, 
 
 verrucosa, 
 
 CYN.F.l S. 
 
 Augustus, 
 
 depressus, 
 DACODEEUS, 
 
 striaticeps, 
 DELOPYGUS, 
 DIAPERIS. 
 
 liyiliil. 
 
 maculata, 
 
 rufipes, 
 DICEDUS, 
 
 pnnctatus, 
 DI8CODEMUS. 
 D1SCOGENIA, 
 
 fischeri, 
 
 marginata. 
 
 scabricula, 
 DYSMASTHES SCllll 
 ECHOCERUS, 
 
 maxillosus, 
 EDROTES, 
 
 rotundas, 
 
 ventricosus, 
 ELEDONA, 
 
 fungicola, 
 ELEODES, 
 ELEODES, sub. gen 
 
 acuta, 
 
 acuticauda, 
 
 alternata, 
 
 arata, 
 
 arniata. 
 
 aspera, 
 
 asperata, 
 
 carbonaria, 
 
 caudifera, 
 
 clavicomis, 
 
 cognata, 
 
 consobrina, 
 constricta, 
 
 convexa, 
 
 coi'data. 
 
 deliilis, 
 
 fleleta, 
 
 dentipes, 
 
 dispersa var., 
 
 extricata, 
 
 femorata, 
 
 fusiformis, 
 
 gentilis, 
 
 gigan tea, 
 
 gracilis, 
 
 grandicollis, 
 
 granosa, 
 
 granulata, 
 
 haydenii, 
 
 hirsuta, 
 
 hispilabris, 
 
 humeralis, 
 
 (minimis, 
 
 iiii pressicoUt* 
 
 inculta, 
 
 innocens, 
 
 intricata, 
 
 latlcollis, 
 
 lecontei, 
 
 longicollis. 
 
 luca;, 
 
 militaris, 
 
 nigrina, 
 
 nupta, 
 
 USD 
 
 obscura, 
 
 360 
 
 obscura var,. 
 
 3C9 
 
 obsoleta, 
 
 369 
 
 obtusa, 
 
 275 
 
 omissa, 
 
 2~5 
 
 opaca, 
 
 : .71! 
 
 parvicollis, 
 
 679 
 
 pedinoides, 
 
 ?i7'.i 
 
 pilosa, 
 
 3711 
 
 pimelioiues, 
 
 379 
 
 planata, 
 
 365 
 
 planata II 
 
 365 
 
 planipennis, 
 
 292 
 
 products. 
 
 319 
 
 quadiicollis, 
 
 320 
 
 robvsta, 
 
 320 
 
 rotundipennif, 
 
 320 
 
 scabripennis, 
 
 276 
 
 scabrosa. 
 
 366 
 
 seriata, 
 
 :-»; 
 
 soror, 
 
 257 
 
 sponsa, 
 
 257 
 
 stricta, 
 
 257 
 
 striolata, 
 
 380 
 
 subaspcra, Sol.. 
 
 360 
 
 subaspera II 
 
 301 
 
 sublif/rtta. 
 
 305 
 
 subniteus, 
 
 306 
 
 sulcata || 
 
 314 
 
 strtcipennis vav 
 
 307 
 
 suturalis, 
 
 306 
 
 tenebrosa, 
 
 307 
 
 texana, 
 
 309 
 
 ti icostata, 
 
 307 
 
 tuberculata, 
 
 308 
 
 ralido, 
 
 314 
 
 ventricosa, 
 
 315 
 
 veseyi, 
 
 3011 
 
 viator. 
 
 316 
 
 vicina, 
 
 317 
 
 EMBAPHION. 
 
 313 
 
 concavwn. 
 
 :;17 
 
 contusuin, 
 
 308 
 
 depressum, 
 
 305 
 
 elongatum, 
 
 314 
 
 muricatum, 
 
 31 5 
 
 planum, 
 
 309 
 
 EMMENASTl'S, 
 
 311 
 
 acutus, 
 
 HIS 
 
 ater. 
 
 311 
 
 convt xus, 
 
 312 
 
 longulus, 
 
 312 
 
 obesus. 
 
 :;12 
 
 olituslls. 
 
 314 
 
 pinguis, 
 
 300 
 
 pnnctatus, 
 
 311 
 
 ruposits, 
 
 315 
 
 subopacus. 
 
 313 
 
 texanus, 
 
 309 
 
 EPAXTIUS, 
 
 .".us 
 
 EPHALUS, 
 
 315 
 
 latiinaiius, 
 
 315 
 
 EPITEAGUS, 
 
 312 
 
 acutus, 
 
 317 
 
 atundinis, 
 
 314 
 
 canaliculatus, 
 
 310 
 
 dentiger, 
 
 Hll 
 
 plunibeus, 
 
 312 
 
 pruinosus, 
 
 .".in 
 
 subnietallicus, 
 
 313 
 
 t MltOSUS, 
 
 313 
 
 EULABIS, 
 
 305 
 
 bicannata, 
 
 306 
 
 grossa, 
 
 308 
 
 obscura, 
 
 309 
 
 pubescens, 
 
 308 
 
 rufipes, 
 
 318 EUPSOPHUS, 
 
 317 
 
 castaneus, 
 
 307 EURYMETOPON, 
 
 314 
 
 abnorme, 
 
 318 
 
 bicolor, 
 
 317 
 
 convexicolle. 
 
 307 
 
 ochraceum, 
 
 316 
 
 punctiilatmn , 
 
 317 
 
 serratum, 
 
 BOS 
 
 sodalis, 
 
 307 : 
 
 EUSATTUK, 
 
 317 
 
 convexus, 
 
 315 
 
 costatus. 
 
 317 
 
 rt'llii'ilis. 
 
 319 
 
 dilatatus, 
 
 308 
 
 ilubius. 
 
 313 
 
 ei'OStls. 
 
 317 
 
 lsevis, 
 
 319 
 
 muricatus, 
 
 309 
 
 productus, 
 
 316 
 
 pubenilus, 
 
 318 
 
 reticularis, 
 
 310 
 
 robustus, 
 
 313 
 
 EVSCHIDES, 
 
 306 
 
 EUTOCHIA, 
 
 306 
 
 crenata, 
 
 Mil', 
 
 picea, 
 
 306 
 
 EVOPLUS, 
 
 307 
 
 ferrugineus. 
 
 317 
 
 GLYPTOTTJS, 
 
 312 
 
 cribratus, 
 
 311 
 
 GNATHOCERUS, 
 
 316 
 
 cornutus, 
 
 318 
 
 HAPLANDRUS, 
 
 308 
 
 ater, 
 
 320 
 
 concolor, 
 
 320 
 
 femoratus, 
 
 321 
 
 fulvipes. 
 
 322 
 
 HELOPS, 
 
 321 
 
 rereus,. 
 
 320 
 
 americamts, 
 
 321 
 
 angustus, 
 
 26S 
 
 aratus, 
 
 270 
 
 attenuatus, 
 
 269 
 
 bachei, 
 
 27o 
 
 caHfomicus, 
 
 269 
 
 cisteloides, 
 
 270 
 
 convexnlus, 
 
 27n 
 
 discretus. 
 
 269 
 
 edwardsii, 
 
 269 
 
 farctus, 
 
 270 
 
 gracilis, 
 
 269 
 
 impolitus, 
 
 269 
 
 hi 1 us. 
 
 323 
 
 micans, 
 
 360 
 
 opacus, 
 
 360 
 
 pernitens, 
 
 263 
 
 pullus, 
 
 264 
 
 punctipennis, 
 
 264 
 
 mgicollis, 
 
 264 
 
 rugulosus, 
 
 265 
 
 sulcipeunis, 
 
 235 
 
 til ill'ltl/X, 
 
 264 
 
 trislis. 
 
 264 
 
 tumescens, 
 
 265 
 
 undulatus, 
 
 32: 
 
 ; veuustus. 
 
 324 
 
 324 
 324 
 
 ".2t 
 324 
 347 
 347 
 267 
 267 
 268 
 267 
 268 
 
 268 
 
 292 
 294 
 293 
 
 294 
 294 
 294 
 294 
 294 
 294 
 295 
 294 
 293 
 293 
 2S2 
 372 
 372 
 .-172 
 366 
 366 
 341 
 342 
 365 
 :;i;o 
 
 339 
 
 ::::m 
 
 340 
 339 
 
 339 
 
 .".91 
 
 396 
 398 
 394 
 
 697 
 
 396 
 
 394 
 696 
 396 
 ,".97 
 395 
 397 
 694 
 393 
 .".95 
 392 
 396 
 695 
 396 
 393 
 
 695 
 394 
 397 
 392 
 398 
 398 
 692 
 
NORTH OF MEXICO. 
 
 401 
 
 vittatus, 
 HOPLOCEPHALA, 
 
 bicornis, 
 
 chalybea, 
 
 collaris, 
 
 virescens, 
 
 viridipennis, 
 HYPOPHLCEUS, 
 
 oavus, 
 
 parallelus, 
 
 tlioracicus, 
 IPHTHIMUS, 
 
 lewisii var., 
 
 opacus, 
 
 serratus, 
 
 servator, 
 
 servitis, 
 
 sublcevis var., 
 
 subligatus, 
 LIODEMA, 
 
 Iseve, 
 MECYSMUS, 
 
 angustus, 
 MEEACANTHA, 
 
 canadensis, 
 
 contractu, 
 
 tumidus, 
 MEEINUS, 
 
 laevis, 
 MEEOTEMNUS, 
 
 elongatus, 
 METACLISA, 
 
 mai'ginalis, 
 MICEOSCHATIA, 
 
 incequalis, 
 
 punctata, 
 
 puncticollis, 
 
 sulcipennis, 
 MYCOTEOGUS, 
 
 piceus. 
 
 angustus, 
 JYEATUS, 
 NELITES, 
 NOSEEUS, 
 
 plicatus, 
 NOT1BIUS, 
 
 gagates, 
 
 granulatus. 
 
 opacus, 
 
 puberulus, 
 
 puncticollis, 
 
 sulcatus, 
 NYCTOBATES, 
 
 barbata, 
 
 chrysops, 
 
 glabra, 
 
 inermis, 
 
 intermedia, 
 
 pensylvanica, 
 
 sublcevis, 
 NYCTOPOJBIS, 
 
 fequicollis, 
 
 earinata, 
 
 cristata, 
 
 galeata, 
 OLOGLYPTUS, 
 
 anastomosis. 
 OOCHILA, 
 OPATEINUS, 
 
 aciculatus, 
 
 minimus, 
 
 notus, 
 
 sayi, 
 
 392 
 
 PACTOSTOMA. 
 
 380 
 
 PACHYURGUS, 
 
 380 
 
 aareus, 
 
 380 
 
 PARATENETUS, 
 
 3S0 
 
 cribratiis, 
 
 380 
 
 fnscus, 
 
 380 
 
 gibbipennis, 
 
 386 
 
 punctatus, 
 
 387 
 
 PELECYPHOR US, 
 
 386 
 
 PENTAPHYLLUS, 
 
 386 
 
 californicus, 
 
 334 
 
 pallidas, 
 
 335 
 
 PHALERIA. 
 
 334 
 
 debilis, 
 
 334 
 
 globosa. 
 
 334 
 
 lmnieralis, 
 
 334 
 
 limbata, 
 
 334 
 
 longula, 
 
 334 
 
 picipes, 
 
 385 
 
 picta. 
 
 385 
 
 pilifera, 
 
 349 
 
 rotundata. 
 
 350 
 
 testacea, 
 
 398 
 
 PHELLIDIUS, 
 
 398 
 
 PHELLOFSIS, 
 
 398 
 
 obcordata, 
 
 39S 
 
 porcata, 
 
 337 
 
 PHILOLITHUS, 
 
 33S 
 
 PHLCEODES, 
 
 367 
 
 diabolicus, 
 
 367 
 
 pustulosus, 
 
 369 
 
 PLATYDEMA, 
 
 369 
 
 americanum. 
 
 281 
 
 anale, 
 
 282 
 
 basale, 
 
 282 
 
 clypeatum. 
 
 282 
 
 cyanea. 
 
 2S2 
 
 cyaneseens, 
 
 367 
 
 ellipticuni, 
 
 367 
 
 erytlu'ocerum. 
 
 36S 
 
 excavatum, 
 
 345 
 
 flavipes, 
 
 3S6 
 
 janus, 
 
 273 
 
 kevipes, 
 
 273 
 
 micans, 
 
 355 
 
 oregonese, 
 
 357 
 
 pattens, 
 
 357 
 
 picilabruin. 
 
 357 
 
 politum, 
 
 356 
 
 ru/a, 
 
 356 
 
 rulicolle, 
 
 357 
 
 ruficorne, 
 
 333 
 
 rufiventre, 
 
 333 
 
 sanijuinieolle. 
 
 333 
 
 subeostatum. 
 
 333 
 
 POLYPLEUEUS, 
 
 333 
 
 geminatus, 
 
 333 
 
 nitidus, 
 
 333 
 
 perforatus, 
 
 333 
 
 PEAT.EUS, 
 
 277 
 
 fusculus, 
 
 27S 
 
 PBOMUS, sub. gen. 
 
 278 
 
 RHINANDRTJS, 
 
 277 
 
 gracilis, 
 
 277 
 
 RHIPIDANDRUS, 
 
 289 
 
 flabellicornis, 
 
 290 
 
 SCAPHIDE.MA. 
 
 278 
 
 ameolum, 
 
 348 
 
 SCHCENICUS, 
 
 349 
 
 puberulus, 
 
 348 
 
 SCOTOB.'ENUS, 
 
 .348 
 
 parallelus, 
 
 349 
 
 
 288 
 
 SITOPHAGUS, 
 
 338 
 
 eomplanata, 
 
 3.38 
 
 lecontoi. 
 
 373 
 
 pallidas, 
 
 374 
 
 planus || 
 
 373 
 
 STENOTRICHUS, 
 
 374 
 
 rutipes, 
 
 373 
 
 STIBIA, 
 
 282 
 
 puncticollis, 
 
 387 
 
 STRONG YLIUM, 
 
 387 
 
 tenuicnlle, 
 
 3S7 
 
 terniinatum, 
 
 375 
 
 TENEBRIO, 
 
 376 
 
 bad/us. 
 
 377 
 
 castaneus, 
 
 377 
 
 interstitialis, 
 
 375 
 
 niolitor, 
 
 376 
 
 obscurus. 
 
 376 
 
 tenebrioidcs, 
 
 377 
 
 THAESVS. 
 
 376 
 
 seditiosus, 
 
 375 
 
 TRACHYSCEL1S. 
 
 376 
 
 flavipes, 
 
 388 
 
 TKIBOLIUM, 
 
 273 
 
 ferrugineum, 
 
 273 
 
 madcns, 
 
 273 
 
 TRIMYTIS, 
 
 282 
 
 abnormis, 
 
 272 
 
 pruinosa, 
 
 273 
 
 pulvcrea, 
 
 273 
 
 TRIOROPHUS, 
 
 380 
 
 ltevis, 
 
 383 
 
 lindiccps, 
 
 382 
 
 punctatus, 
 
 382 
 
 nigiceps, 
 
 384 
 
 subpubeseens, 
 
 385 
 
 TRIPHALUS, 
 
 381 
 
 perforatus, 
 
 383 
 
 ULOMA. 
 
 382 
 
 cava, 
 
 381 
 
 iniberbis, 
 
 382 
 
 impressa, 
 
 382 
 
 longula, 
 
 3S3 
 
 mentalis, 
 
 383 
 
 punctulata, 
 
 383 
 
 ULOSONIA, 
 
 3S4 
 
 marginata, 
 
 384 
 
 ULUS, 
 
 384 
 
 crassus, 
 
 382 
 
 obliquus. 
 
 3S2 
 
 UFIS, 
 
 3S2 
 
 ceraiuboides, 
 
 382 
 
 reticulata. 
 
 382 
 
 USECHUS, 
 
 384 
 
 lacerta, 
 
 332 
 
 XYIOPINUS, 
 
 332 
 
 reneseens, 
 
 333 
 
 anthracinits, 
 
 332 
 
 calcarcttus, 
 
 374 
 
 rulipes, 
 
 374 
 
 saperdoides. 
 
 318 
 
 spin ipes, 
 
 342 
 
 XYSTA, 
 
 342 
 
 ZOl'HEEUS, 
 
 389 
 
 concolor, 
 
 389 
 
 elegans, 
 
 386 
 
 gracilis, 
 
 3S6 
 
 guttulatus, 
 
 265 
 
 haldemani. 
 
 265 
 
 nodulosus t 
 
 340 
 
 opacus, 
 
 340 
 
 tristis, 
 
 346 
 346 
 346 
 346 
 346 
 330 
 330 
 260 
 260 
 39S 
 
 .345 
 345 
 345 
 345 
 
 345 
 345 
 345 
 370 
 370 
 377 
 377 
 365 
 365 
 865 
 261 
 261 
 261 
 261 
 258 
 259 
 259 
 259 
 259 
 259 
 200 
 260 
 370 
 372 
 371 
 371 
 371 
 371 
 372 
 366 
 367 
 3JS 
 358 
 358 
 33S 
 33S 
 338 
 273 
 273 
 343 
 344 
 343 
 343 
 344 
 343 
 343 
 301 
 271 
 272 
 272 
 272 
 272 
 271 
 271 
 272 
 272 
 
 AMERI. PHILOSo. SOC VOL. XIV. — 101 
 
402 REVISION OF THE TENEBKIONlDiE OF AMERICA, 
 
 UNKNOWN SPECIES. 
 Ernmenastus rugosus, Motsch., Bull. Muse TS4T. 1, p. 76. 
 
 Dysmasthes sahlbergi, Mum., Bull. Mosc. 1813, 3, p. 265; probably Amphizoa insolens, Lee. 
 Eurymetopon ochraceum, Escli., Zool. Atl. IV. p. 8, pi. 18, fig. 20; probably immature." 
 Centnoptera caraboides, Maun., Bull. Mosc. 1845, 280; see page 280. 
 Cryptadius inflatus, Lee.. Ann. Lye. V. p. 1 10; type lust. 
 Eleodes binotata, conjuncta, convexicollis, latiuscula and subtuberoulata, Walk., Naturalist in Brit. Col. II, pp. 328 
 
 ami 329; probably well known but not recognisable. 
 Eleodes subaspera, Sol., Studi Ent. II, 248. See page 300. 
 Eleodes rellexicollis, Maun., Beitrag. 270. 
 
 Pedinus suturalis, Say, Joum. Acad. Ill, 203: probably an Opatrinus. 
 Paratenetus cribratus and gibbipennis, Motscli, Bull. Mosc. 1808. 192-3. 
 Phaleria pieta, .Mann.. Bull. Mosc. 1843, 277. 
 
 Hoplocephala chalybea and collaris, Cast, et Brulle, Ann. Se. Nat. 23. 341 and 347. 
 Platydema politum, quadrimaculata, pallens, cyanea, Cast, et Brulle, Ann. Se. Nat. 23. 
 Helops vireseens. Cast. Hist. Nat. II. 235. 
 
 Helops americanus, Beauv. Ins. 122, pi. 30, fig. 0. = ?undulatus, Lee. 
 Helops tristis, Beauv. Ins. 137, pi. 30 b, tie,-. 1. 
 Meracantha rngosa Cast. Hist. Nat, II, p. 233. 
 Strongylium erenatum, Makl. Monog. 199. 
 Tenebrio variolosus, Beauv. Ins. 163, pi. 3,1, fig, 8. 
 Tenebrio elongatus, Beauv. Ins. 1113, pi. 31, fig. 9. 
 Tenebrio rufinasus, Say. Bost. Journ. 1. 187. 
 
 REMARKS. 
 Eleodes lecontei, Harold. Heft. VI. p. 122, proposed for sulcata || Lee.; as the latter is already a synonym no sucli 
 
 change is necessary. 
 P. 1859 Catalogus, Gemm. and Harold, quote by mistake Eleodes armata, Lee., and texana, Lee., in Cerenopus. 
 Stenomorpha blapsoides, Sol., Ann. Ent. Soe. Fr. 1836, p. 491, pi, 12, figs. 9, 11, 12, 14; appears to be Asida riinata, 
 
 Lee., rar., pi. 15, fig. 3, of tins work. 
 Uloma ferruginea. Say, = Tribolium ferrug. See Lee., New Spec., p. 125. 
 Helops punctatns, Gemm. Col. Heft VI, 1870. — punctipennis | Lee. 
 
 CORRECTIONS. 
 
 Page 260. Six lines from bottom, read T. perfora tus, Lee., not punctatus. 
 
 " 264. After the remarks concerning E. submetallicus, add "Length .66 inch. Collected by Major Webb, 
 
 of I . S. and Mex. Bound. Survey." 
 •• 268. In the descriptions of E. bieol or and sodalis, for " aciculately" read "finely muricately." 
 ■• 272. Line 7, for D. read Dr, The paragraph at bottom of page describing Z. elegans, should be at the to].. 
 
 the remarks in I trge type referring to it and not to nodulosus. 
 " 273. Line 3. for T read P. 
 
 " 283. Line 12. for " six longitudinal cost®" read ''three," etc. 
 ■' 291. After B. floridanus, for "p. 3," read "p. 111." All matter in Branchus after and including B. woodi, 
 
 Lee., should be in the foot-note. 
 " 300. For BOLETOPHAGINI read BOLITOPHAGINI. 
 '• 3113. Last line, for J read V 
 
 300. Line before last, for texanus read texana. 
 " 314. Alter E. pilos a . for obaque read opaque. 
 " 319. Line 22, for basis read bases. 
 " 32*. For E. osculans read C. osculans. 
 •• 343. Line from bottom, for aneseens read senesceus. 
 " 309. Line 10, for Plalydema read Platydema. 
 •• 37S. Line 10, after " strongly" add "rounded." 
 
NORTH OF MEXICOv 403 
 
 PLATE XIV. 
 
 Fig. 1. — Craniotus pubescens, Lee. I a, head; 1 b, antenna. 
 
 Fig. 2. — Stibia puncticollis, Horn. 2 a, head. 
 
 pig. 3. — Trimytis pruinosa, Lee. 3 a, head. 
 
 Pig. 4. — Triphahis perforates, Lee. 4 a, head. 
 
 Fig. 5. — Usechus laoerta, Mot.sch. 
 
 Fig. 6. — Head of Triorophus, Lee. 
 
 Fig. 7. — " " Auchmobius, Lee. 
 
 Fig, g. — " and thorax of Edrotes ventrieosus, Lee. 
 
 Fig. 9. — Batulius setosus, Lee. 
 
 Fig. 10.— Cnemodus testaceus, Horn. 10 a, head and antenna; 10 b, anterior leg. 
 
 Fig. 11. — Thorax of Epitragus arundinis, Lee. 
 
 Fig. 12. — Head of " canaliculars, Say. 
 
 Fig. 18. — " " " aeutus, Lee. 
 
 Fig. 14. — " " " arundinis, Lee. 
 
 Fig. 15. — Arseoschizus regularis, Horn. 13 a, thorax of A. costipennis, Lee.; 15 b, thorax of A. sulcicollis, Horn; 
 
 15 c and d, thorax and front leg of A. armatus, Horn. 
 Fig. 16. — Daeoderus striaticeps, Lee. 
 Fig. 17. — Eleodes granosa, Lee. 
 Fig. 18. — Anepsius delicatulus, Lee. 
 Fig. 19. — Glyptotus cribratus, Lee. 
 Fig. 20. — Sitophagus planus, Lee. 
 Fig. 21. — Polypleurus nitidus, Lee. 
 Fig. 22. — Alsephus pallidus, Hum. 
 
 Fig. 23. — Alaudes singularis, Horn. 23 a, underside of head; 23 b, antenna. 
 Fig. 24. — Notibius gagates, Horn. 24 a, anterior tibia of male and female of X. puberulus, Lee; 24 b, ditto N. sul- 
 
 catus, Lee. ; 24 c, ditto N. puncticollis, L?c. ; 24 d, ditto N. granulatus, Lee. 
 Fig. 25. — Anterior tibia of Cerenopus concolor. Lee. 
 Fig. 26.— " " " cribratus, Lee. 
 
 Fig. 27. — " " Argoporis bicolor (Lee. ) 
 
 Fig. 28. — Hind femur of male of Argoporis bicolor (Lee.) 
 Fig. 29. — " " " " " suleipennis (Lee.) 
 
 Fig. 30. — " " '■ " Cerenopus concolor, Lee. 
 
 Fig. 31.— " " " " " cribratus, Lee. 
 
 Fig. 32. — Head of Cerenopus concolor, Lee. 
 
40-i REVISION OF THE TENEBRIONIDJE OF AMERICA. &C. 
 
 PLATE XV. 
 
 Fig. 33. — Head of Argoporis bicolor (Lee.) 
 
 Fig. 34. — Side view of Liodema, Zimm. 
 
 Fig. 35. — Scotobsenus pai-allelus, Lee. 
 
 Fig. 36. — Eupsophus castaneus, Horn; last two joints of antenna near fig. 35. 
 
 Fig. 37. — Thorax of Cratidus oseulans, Lee. 
 
 Fig. 3!-t. — " " " rotuiidicollis, Horn. 
 
 Fig. 39. — Embapliion planum, Horn. 
 
 Fig. 40. — " elongatum, Horn. 
 
 Fig. 41. — " depresssum, Lee. 
 
 Fig. 42.— Rkipidandras flabellieornis (Sturm); 42 a, antenna. 
 
 Fig. 1. — Asida gibbicollis, Horn. 
 
 Fig. 2. — " marginata (Leo.) (liar, sub-cylindrica). 
 
 Fig. 3. — " marginata (Lee.) var. 
 
 Fig. 4. — " " (var. rimata, Lee.) 
 
 Fig. 5. — " segrota (Lee.) 
 
 Fig. ti. — " semikevis, Horn. 
 
 Fig. 7. — " aotuosa, Horn. 
 
 Fig. 8. — " eontluens (Lee.) 
 
 Fig. 0. — '• sexeostata, Lee 
 
 Fig. 10. — " lirata, Lee. 
 
 Fig. 11. — " lecontei, Horn, (costipennis || Lee.) 
 
 Fig. 12. — " " " (var. compressa, Horn). 
 
 Fig. 13. — " captiosa, Horn. 
 
 Fig. 14.— •' parallella (Lee.) 
 
 Fig. 15. — " bifurca (Lee.) 
 
 Fig. 16. — " cousobrina, Horn. 
 
 Fig. 17. — " luctata, Horn. 
 
 Fig. 18. — Microscbatia suleipennis, Lee. 
 
 Fig. 19. — Astrotus contortus, Lee. 
 
 Fig. 20. — " regularis, Horn. 
 
 Fig. 21. — Eusattus erosus, Horn. 
 
 Fig. 22. — " costatus, Horn. 
 
 Fig. 23. — a, anterior tibia Eusattus; b, Ccelus; e, Coniontis. 
 
 Fig. 24. — a, mesosternum Centrioptera muricata, Lee.; b, ditto asperata, Horn: e, terminal antennal joints Centri 
 optera; d, ditto Cryptoglossa. 
 
 Fig. 25. — Centrioptera variolosa, Horn. 
 
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