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 LECEXT EXP AX SIGN OF THE CHURCH OF ENGLAND. 
 
 THE 
 
 RAMSDEN SERMON 
 
 FOR 18G4. 
 
 PREACHED BEFORE THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD, 
 OX THIN FFY SUNDAY. 
 
 BY 
 
 ERNEST HAWKINS, B.D. 
 
 I.ATE FKLLOW OF F.XKTER COLLEGE. 
 
 WITH AN APPENDIX OF DATES AND STATISTICS. 
 
 LONDON : 
 
 BELL AND DALDY, 186, FLEET STKEET. 
 
 J. H. & J. PARKER, OXFORD AND LONDON. 
 
 1861
 
 TO 
 THE PRESIDENT, VICE-PRESIDENTS, 
 
 COMMITTEE, 
 AND OTHER MEMBERS 
 
 <>K THE 
 
 Socictn for f be propagation of the 6ospc 
 
 THE FOLLOWING SERMON 
 IS RESPECTFULLY AND GRATEFULLY DEDICATED 
 
 BY THEIR OLD AND DEVOTED SERVANT, 
 THE AUTHOR.

 
 RAMSDEN, SERMON, 
 
 1864. 
 
 Acts i. 8. 
 
 '' Ye shall be witnesses unto vie both in Jerusalem, and in all 
 Judaa, and in Samaria, and unto the uttermost part of tin 
 earth." 
 
 Such was the "wonderful announcement made by 
 the risen Saviour to His Apostles on the Mount 
 of Ascension. To them at the time, and for ten 
 days afterwards, those parting words must have 
 been truly a dark saying. Its meaning was first 
 unfolded to them on the Day of Pentecost. The 
 cloven tongues which then sat upon the head of 
 each, and the marvellous gift thus instantaneously 
 conferred, must have been to them a manifest 
 token of the part which they were to take in the 
 fulfilment of their Lord's promise. If they were 
 to be His witnesses in all lands, they had tin- 
 most convincing assurance that they would be 
 enabled to deliver their testimony. For already 
 the peasants and fishermen of Galilee had openly, 
 
 B
 
 2 RECENT EXPANSION OF 
 
 before strangers of every race and language, exer- 
 cised their new gift, They had, in point of fact, 
 been made witnesses to their Lord — to Bis resur- 
 rection — to His ascension — before multitudes of 
 ,: men out of every nation under heaven," pro- 
 claiming in the language of each "the wonderful 
 works of God." 
 
 Let us, then, consider what the Commission 
 was that the twelve Apostles were called and 
 empowered to execute. It was in its terms the 
 most comprehensive, and in its object the most 
 important, that had ever been confided to human 
 agents. The charge given to them was nothing 
 less than to bear the message of the Gospel to the 
 whole world. "Ye shall be witnesses unto Me 
 " both in Jerusalem, and in all Judaea, and in 
 " Samaria, and unto the uttermost part of the 
 " earth." 
 
 In these ever-memorable words we have clearly 
 set forth, not only the extent to which the com- 
 mission ran, but the order in which it was to be 
 executed. God, in His own wise counsels, had 
 made choice of a single nation — the family of 
 Abraham — to be the depository of His truth, and 
 the guardian of His law. To the Israelites be- 
 longed "the adoption, and the covenants, and the 
 promises." 1 To them first, as a nation, was revealed 
 the knowledge of the One living and true God ; and 
 
 1 Horn. ix. 4.
 
 THE CHURCH OF ENGLAND. 3 
 
 from among their tribes, in the fulness of time,, 
 was to arise the Messiah, of whom Moses and the 
 prophets spake — the Seed of Abraham, in whom 
 all the families of the earth should he Messed — the 
 Son of David, who should establish a universal 
 kingdom, and reign for ever and ever. And thus, as 
 God in His inscrutable wisdom had, \'<>r well-nigh 
 two thousand years, confined the revelation of Hi^ 
 will to the people of Israel, as to tin an alone of 
 all the nations of the earth He had sent His 
 priests, and messengers, and prophets; so, when 
 a fuller revelation was to be made, and a better 
 covenant established, this new dispensation was 
 to be made known to the Jew before all others. 
 During the season of His own earthly ministry, in- 
 deed, our Blessed Lord had said, " I am not sent, 
 but unto the lost sheep of the house of Israel ; " l 
 and in His mysterious conversation with the two 
 disciples, on their way to Emmaus, the very day 
 of His resurrection, He declared it to be in the 
 order of the Divine decrees that " Repentance 
 u and remission of sins should be preached in His 
 " name among all nations, beginning at Jerusalem" 2 
 Twice, therefore, in the plainest and most em- 
 phatic manner — once in the words just cited, and 
 then again at the very moment of His ascension — 
 did our Lord, "to whom all power in heaven and 
 in earth was given," leave it in charge to the 
 1 Mutt. xv. 21, ami <f. Malt. x. 6. - Luke xxiv. 47. 
 
 b2
 
 4 ftBOBNT KXPAN8ION OF 
 
 Apostles to preach Bis Gospel everywhere, but 
 to preach it first to the Jews. 
 
 How, and to what extent that great commission 
 lias been fulfilled, it is the province of ecclesiasti- 
 cal history to show. The Acta of the Apostles, 
 indeed, record the hold and successful testimony 
 which St. Peter and St. John delivered to the 
 its and people in the Temple, and in the 
 streets of Jerusalem. We are told, too, as the 
 result of their faithful preaching, that "the word 
 " of God increased; and the number of the dis- 
 " ciples multiplied in Jerusalem greatly, and a 
 " great company of the priests were obedient to 
 " the faith." l Well, therefore, had the Lord's 
 command been obeyed in the preaching of " re- 
 pentance and remission of sins" in His name 
 at Jerusalem. But when, and by what means 
 the second, but far more important, part of 
 His commission fulfilled? 
 
 The extension of the true Kingdom of the 
 Messiah, as it began now to be understood, was 
 brought about, in the first instance, in a way 
 plainly providential The rapid triumphs of the 
 new Faith in the Holy City were too much for 
 the jealous tempers and deep-seated prejudices of 
 the Priests and Scribes. They had failed to silence 
 the Apostles by stripes and imprisonment. They 
 seemed resolved to persecute them to the death, 
 
 1 Acts vi. 7.
 
 THE CIHTiCH OF ENGLAND. 5 
 
 and to deal with the servants as they had deall 
 with their Lord. St. Stephen was the first to * 
 his testimony with his blood; and so successfully 
 had the passions of the people been excited, that, 
 as we read, " there was a great persecution against 
 " the Church that Mas at Jerusalem, and they 
 ■• were all scattered abroad throughout the regions 
 " of Judaea and Samaria . . . and they that were 
 " scattered abroad went everywhere preaching 
 
 " the word." 1 The Apostles, indeed, remained for 
 a time at the post of danger, but, as soon as 
 they heard that Samaria had received the word 
 of God, they sent Peter and John to impart to 
 them the gift of the Holy Ghost. Thus, then, 
 was the command of the Lord observed, in the 
 witness which was given to Him in Jerusalem, 
 and "in all Judaea, and in Samaria." 
 
 How the glad tidings were carried forward from 
 city to city, especially by the persecutor-convert, 
 St. Paul, it would be beyond my present subject 
 to relate. Before, however, that great ambassador 
 of Christ had finished his course, he had carried 
 the Gospel to the Jew first, and then to the Gentile, 
 through the chief towns of Asia Minor, Macedonia, 
 and Greece — nay, he had carried it to imperial 
 Kome, and made it known even in the. household 
 of Caisar. By St. Peter, and others of the Holy 
 Brotherhood, it was published in Cappadocia, 
 
 1 Acts viii. 1, 4.
 
 RECENT EXPANSION OJ 
 
 Pontus, and Bithynia, in Assyria, Ethiopia, and 
 I pt. So thai it may be Bald, without 
 ration, that there was hardly a country of the 
 then known world where the voice of the witnesses 
 hrist had not been heard "Their sound had 
 gone out into all lands, and their words into the 
 ends of the world." ■ 
 
 It would be interesting to trace the gradual 
 triumphs of the I 1 in the early and the 
 
 mediaeval agi s, hut time and space forbid the 
 attempt. I must come down at once to modern 
 -. My especial subject on this day is not 
 the growth and spread of the Church universal, 
 hut " the extension of the Church of England 
 " over the colonies and dependencies of the 
 • British empire " (A) — a subject limited, indeed, 
 hut still one of prodigious reach and extent. 
 What, then, is the territory comprised within 
 the colonies and dependencies of Great Britain? 
 han a sixth part of the entire surface 
 of the earth. And what is the total population 
 of that r empire with which the Mission- 
 
 aries of our Church have by a more special 
 obligation to deal ? It is, indeed, a vast multi- 
 tude which defies any very precise reckoning, 
 hut is set clown by the best authorities at little 
 short of 200,000,000, or about ont-fifih of the 
 
 1 Psalm xix. 4. 
 
 A The Letters throughout refer to the A
 
 THE CHURCH OF ENGLAND. 
 
 inhabitants of the world. lB) Now, brethren, the 
 first and appalling thought suggested by these 
 facts is, that the great bulk of the people with 
 whom we are thus brought into a Providential 
 relation are heathen still, living and dying without 
 even the faintest knowledge of Christ or His law. 
 By a marvellous dispensation of the Divine Will, 
 one of the largest, most populous, and must civi- 
 lized divisions of the eastern world has ; 
 committed to our trust. We have in the vast 
 Peninsula of India the guardianship and govern 
 ment of many nations of various origin, and 
 speaking different languages. They are subject 
 to our sovereign; their laws are administered 
 by magistrates sent out from this country ; an 
 enormous revenue is raised from their land and 
 their industry; nor can it be doubted that the 
 wealth, power, and political influence of Great 
 Britain are largely increased by her connexion 
 with India. The foundations of our empire there 
 were laid more than a century ago. CC) What then, 
 from a religious point of view, has been the 
 result of this long intercourse of Christian con- 
 querors with a subject heathen } While 
 a former invasion lias left its permanent mark 
 upon the country, not only in solid and mag- 
 nificent mosques, but in many millions of convert- 
 to the faith of the victorious Mussulman, some- 
 where about sixty or seventy thousand native
 
 8 i:;:< BHT EXPANSION OF 
 
 Christians make up the whole number that tlio 
 united exertions of both of out great Missionary 
 Societies have, np to the present time, "been 
 enabled to gather into the fold of Christ. This, 
 indeed, is not the whole, nor nearly the whole, 
 number of those who have been converted to 
 Christianity, in one form or other; but I confine 
 myself as my subject confines me, to the opera- 
 tions and extension of the Church of England. (Dj 
 
 us trust, however, as we well may, that the 
 progress of the Gospel in heathen India for the 
 past century is no measure of the advance which, 
 under God's blessing, it is likely to make for the 
 time to come. Just fifty years ago, under protest 
 from many distinguished men, and with very real 
 apprehensions of the results which might follow 
 a measure, in their view, so rash and quixotic, a 
 single bishop was (though almost surreptitiously) 
 introduced into India. (E) More than twenty years 
 
 : wards, the experiment having proved a safe 
 one, a second and a third were added, making, in 
 all, one for each of the Presidencies. Since that 
 date province after province has been annexed 
 to the Central Government ; but, except that the 
 Bishop of Madras has been relieved of the spiritual 
 oversight of Ceylox, by the erection of the See of 
 Colombo, in 1845, the organization of the Church 
 
 remained as it was then fixed. 
 At this moment the Bishop of Calcutta presides
 
 THE CIirUCH OF ENGLAND. 
 
 over a diocese which stretches over thirty-three 
 
 degrees of latitude and sixteen of longitude, which 
 is inhabited by nations speaking many different 
 languages, and which it requires four years at the 
 least to visit. These being the bare facts of the 
 case, are we not constrained to ask whether, if it 
 were right to send a bishop to Calcutta at all, it is 
 not the very climax of unreason to leave him sole 
 spiritual overseer of so enormous a territory — a 
 territory extending from the Irawaddy to the 
 Indus, and from Peshawur to Singapore ? Surely 
 such a glaring disproportion between the duty 
 imposed, and the means of discharging it, cannot 
 be much longer permitted to continue. (F) A 
 fuller sense of Christian obligation on the part 
 of the public, and a wiser and more enlightened 
 principle of government on the part of the rulers 
 of that great empire, must surely ere long lead 
 to some great extension and improvement of its 
 ecclesiastical organization. Eecent experience has 
 abundantly proved that the danger to British 
 supremacy did not arise, as so often faithlessly 
 predicted, from the introduction of Christianity; 
 for when, seven years ago, the great bulk of the 
 Hindoo and Mussulman populations were leagued 
 together against the rule of the foreigner, the 
 native Christians to a man stood true. 
 
 The empire of India has been committed by God 
 to the keeping of a Christian people. Away, then
 
 10 REGENT EXPANSION Of 
 
 with the infidel thought that He will suffer us to 
 
 be dis}" of the land, if we venture to impart 
 
 a knowledge of His law, and the truths of His 
 
 salvation, to its millions of heathen idolaters. 
 Should we not rather feel that as we hold that 
 vast dependency in trust for Him, we shall hold 
 it only so long as we give proof of an earnest 
 desire to honour His name among the Gentiles, 
 and build up the Church of His blessed Son on 
 the ruins of their idol temples? Most assuredly 
 the Lord did not choose us for this high steward- 
 ship * because we were more in number than 
 any people," 1 but (we must believe) that we might 
 exercise it in His name, and for the accomplish- 
 ment of His gracious purposes. The history of 
 the world furnishes no similar instance of a 
 Christian people brought into such close relations 
 with a vast Pagan empire. If ever the hand of 
 God was visible in the government of the world, 
 in the English occupation of India. Surely, 
 then, it can be no presumption to believe that "a 
 dispensation of the Gospel is committed to us ;" 2 
 and if this be admitted, we can hardly refuse to 
 accept the solemn conclusion of the Apostle — 
 " Woe unto us if we preach not the Gospel." 3 
 
 The facilities offered to us for the proclamation 
 of Christ's religion over one great division of 
 heathendom are greater than were ever afforded 
 
 1 Dent vii. 7. - Geu. ix. 27. 3 1 Cor. is. 16.
 
 THE CHURCH OF ENGLAND. 11 
 
 to any other Christian nation. Fur the messes 
 of His word in India. God may be said to have 
 exalted the valleys and brought low the mountains, 
 fchna preparing a highway for them to pass over. 
 Nothing is wanting hut more faith and courage, 
 — to go over in reliance upon His promise, — to 
 conquer and possess the land. 
 
 But, leaving n« >w tin.-, great Asiatic dependency, 
 let us ask what has been the course pursued by 
 the Church towards the various colonies of the 
 British Crown. A short retrospect seems indis- 
 It was not till full half a century after 
 the Reformation that England came into possession 
 of her first colony;''" and when Sir Walter Raleigh 
 landed on the shores of Virginia, it was his tutor, 
 the celebrated Oxford mathematician, Harriot, who 
 was the first to read the Word of God to the won- 
 dering lied Indians who flocked round them. It is 
 worth notice, as evidence of the spirit which 
 entered into our earliest colonial enterprises, that 
 when a charter was given by James I. to the Vir- 
 ginia Company, it contained a special provision 
 " that the true word and service oft rod be preached, 
 " planted, and used, not only in the colonies, but 
 " also among the savages bordering upon them," 
 
 Passing on to the period of the Restoration, we 
 find two names dear to history and science — names 
 among the most distinguished that have gn 
 the annals of this University — Clarendon and
 
 RECENT EXPANSION 
 
 Robert Boyle — at the head of a corporation called 
 "The Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in 
 New England.' These facts and nam.- are 
 
 cited rather in proof of the zeal for the diffusion of 
 Christianity which animated the early promoters 
 of colonization, than for any remarkable Bnc 
 which attended their efforts. 
 
 It was not, indeed, till the first year of the 18th 
 century thai any systematic plan for the extension 
 of the Church in the Coloni organized It 
 
 then — at the instance of some of the d 
 distil ed Churchmen of the day — that "the 
 
 for the Propagation of the Gospel in 
 ; Parte " received a charter from the hands 
 
 King William III.® Its ohjects, as therein 
 defined, are in strict harmony with the spirit of 
 our Lord's prophetic injunction recorded in the 
 mely, first to provide the ministrations of 
 the Church for the emigrant settlers from our 
 own shores, and, secondly, to preach Christ and His 
 salvation to the heathen nations or tribes among 
 which our countrymen had made their home. 
 
 The first and principal field in which the new 
 Society commenced its labours were the colonies 
 and plantations on the eastern seaboard of North 
 America. Thither were its first missionaries, Keith 
 and Gordon and Talbot, sent, (K) and there, over 
 thai vast extent of country stretching southwards 
 from Massachusetts to Georgia, a country at that
 
 THE CHURCH OF ENGLAND. 13 
 
 time presenting to the eye of the set tier little 
 else than forest, wilderness, and swamp, the first 
 pioneers of the Gospel laboured in their obscure 
 Bpheres of duty, unheard of by the world, and, 
 for the most part, cut off from intercourse with 
 each other. Others of like Bpiril were commis- 
 sioned from time to time to fill up posts that 
 death had made vacant, or to occupy new ground ; 
 till at the end <>i' finrscore years a political revo- 
 lution swept them from the country, and sent 
 them, like the early disciples at the time of St. 
 Stephen's martyrdom, to preach the Gospel in other 
 lands. Was, then, the seed scattered so widely. 
 and at such a cost, over the rebellious colonies of 
 America, followed by no harvest ? Let the inde- 
 pendent and flourishing Church of the United 
 States, with its 40 bishops and 2,000 clergy, 
 answer. (L) Let the foundation of the Episcopate — 
 long and fruitlessly demanded, but at last esta- 
 blished in the person of one of the Society's most 
 honoured missionaries, — answer. (M) Or, better still, 
 let the answer lie sought in that grateful ackimw- 
 .uient, recorded for all time in the preface to 
 the Book of Common Prayer, wherein the Church 
 of America, while preparing to enter upon her 
 own independent course, confesses herself to be 
 "indebted under God to the Church of England 
 "for her first foundation and a long continuance 
 "of nursing care and ' protection." °° To some,
 
 14 RECENT EXPANSION OF 
 
 indeed, it may seem like a want of faith to seek 
 for evidence to prove that "any labour in the 
 
 Lord has not been in vain." Still, it is a comfort 
 and a support to be permitted to see its results; 
 and on this account we look for our encouragement 
 to what was accomplished, several generations 
 since, by the zeal and devotion of a few Church- 
 men meeting and combining together for the 
 purpose of extending the Church over the colonies 
 which had been planted in distant lands, and the 
 heathen who could be approached through them. 
 Well may a Church, never left without its cham- 
 pions and confessors, bless God for His servants, 
 such as Bray and Wilson and Beveridge and 
 Patrick and Robert Nelson, who with others 
 like-minded, in a season of religious apathy and 
 indifference, laid the foundation of a Society 
 pledged by its very charter to carry the Gospel 
 beyond the limits of " Judaea and Samaria, to the 
 uttermost part of the earth." That Society, though 
 happy in its standard-bearers, was at the date of 
 its foundation little known or heeded by the 
 world at large. Yet it went forth upon its mission 
 in faith, content to plant and water, as knowing 
 that God alone could give "the increase." And 
 so it was that for a whole century that Society 
 laboured single-handed in the great mission-field 
 of the Church. For a whole century it was the 
 solitary witness to the Church's duty of acting
 
 THE CHURCH OF ENGLAND. 15 
 
 upon her Lord's solemn commission, by goic- 
 forth in His name and preaching His Gospel in 
 other lands. 
 
 But not only was that Society, during the whole 
 of the IStli century, left to struggle on in its arduous 
 work, without any support from slate patronage or 
 popular sympathy, it was not even permitted to 
 avail itself of those means of self-government and 
 extension which are the inalienable right, and, 
 indeed, an essential element, of every branch of 
 the Church of Christ. For fourscore years and 
 more, our North American missions, in spite of 
 frequent and urgent remonstrances, were left 
 without a single bishop. For fourscore years 
 every candidate had to come to this country for 
 ordination ; for fourscore years no church was 
 consecrated, and no catechumen confirmed. The 
 Church was prevented, by the jealousy of the 
 colonists and the timidity and indifference of the 
 Home Government, from completing her organi- 
 zation ; and in this crippled and mutilated con- 
 dition she remained, till at last a political revolu- 
 tion came to set her free. The close of the last 
 century saw one bishop at Halifax, and another at 
 Quebec. 
 
 There, at last, was planted an off-shoot of the 
 heavenly Vine. From that time the Church, no 
 longer an exotic in those regions, began, though 
 slowly, "to take root downward and bear fruit
 
 16 RECENT EXPANSION OF 
 
 upward." 1 Yet how preposterous was even then 
 the disproportion between t he work committed to 
 the Church, and the instruments with which she 
 
 had to execute it ! To two "bishops were assigned 
 the oversight and government of our Church, acting 
 through its feeble and isolated missions, from New- 
 foundland to Lake Huron: and more than one 
 generation passed by before any addition was made 
 to their number. 
 
 But at last a time of refreshing arrived. We 
 may not here trace the successive steps in that 
 great movement for the full organization of the 
 colonial Church, to which the first impulse was 
 given by Bishop Blomfield. (0) Before, however, 
 his trumpet-call to the Church, some few of the 
 more glaring deficiencies had been supplied by the 
 nomination of two bishops for the AVest Indies, one 
 for Australia, and two more for North America. 
 But including these, comparatively recent, additions 
 to the Episcopate, there were, at the time referred 
 to, only eight bishops in all for the superintendence 
 of the Anglican Church in the whole of the colonies 
 and dependencies of Great Britain.** 1 
 
 Come down now, at once, to our own times. 
 Less than a quarter of a century has elapsed, and 
 what is the wonderful contrast which is presented 
 to our sight \ The bishops have been multiplied 
 
 1 I*aiah xxxvii. 31.
 
 THE CHURCH OF ENGLAND. 1 7 
 
 all but six-fol<l. Instead of eight there are now 
 forty-seven ; w the addition to their number within 
 
 little more than twenty years, being exactly i qua! 
 to the entire bench of the united ( 'hurch of England 
 and Ireland put together. Bui Let us endeavour to 
 realize the vastness of the change by a few particular 
 
 cases. 
 
 At the time in question, the whole of Ausl ralasia, 
 including Tasmania and New Zealand, was under 
 the spiritual jurisdiction of a single bishop. It is 
 now governed by two metropolitans and eleven 
 suffragan bishops; the several dioceses being, 
 for the most part, fully organized, and all orders 
 in the Church being represented in synods duly 
 convened.' I: ' 
 
 At the same date, the Cape of Good Hope was 
 nominally under the episcopal superintendence of 
 the Bishop of Calcutta. It has since become an 
 ecclesiastical province, with its Metropolitan and 
 suffragan bishops, its synods and missionary con- 
 ferences. The church has become a living body, 
 and manifold and wonderful are the tokens of life 
 which its Divine Head has enabled it to manifest 
 to the world. 
 
 Must it not, indeed, be regarded as a signal 
 instance of His providential care of the Church, 
 that He has breathed into it this new life just 
 at the moment of our greatest colonial expansion 1 
 Profiting by the lessons of a most sad experience 
 
 c
 
 18 URGENT EXPANSION OF 
 
 in America, the Church, at the epoch more than 
 once alluded to, Bet herself, for the first time, to 
 accompany hei emigrant children to their new 
 homes. Take, as the sufficient examples of tins 
 
 r and more consistent course, the two great 
 colonies which have, within our memory, been 
 planted od the Southern Coasts of Australia The 
 Church may be, almost literally, said to have pre- 
 sided at their inundations. A bishop was -sent to 
 MELBOURNE when it was little more than a village, 
 with but three clergymen in the whole province. 
 There are now 100, stationed in all the more im- 
 portant centres of that extensive and prosperous 
 colony, whose population, at present, considerably 
 
 eds half a million, and is increasing by tens 
 of thousands every year. Very similar is the brief 
 history, both of the colony and of the Church, in 
 the neighbouring province of South Australia, 
 One other insti deserving of especial notice. 
 
 In the newest British colony — that which only five 
 years ago was planted on the shores of the Pacific 
 — the Church of England accompanied the first 
 settlers, and richly has she been rewarded for her 
 faithfulness by the return to her fold of many 
 who had been estranged, perhaps, by her coldness 
 in times past. (S) 
 
 In all these cases, from the very foundation of 
 the new settlements, the Church was present with 
 the earliest colonists, to direct and sanctify their
 
 THE CHURCH OF ENGLAND. 19 
 
 labours, and to remind them "that except the 
 " Lord build the house, their labour is hut lost 
 " that build it." 1 But I must abstain from further 
 
 details, ami ask your attention for what remains 
 to some of the more important results of that 
 wonderful extension and organization of the Colo- 
 nial Church which have distinguished the last 
 quarter of a century. First, then, the foundation 
 of forty new sees, for the most part endowed 
 from private resources, has removed from us the 
 reproach thai the Church of England was pro- 
 perly nothing but a child of the State, a mere 
 parliamentary establishment, which had been 
 create'! and could be abolished by the law; that 
 it was ■•an institution as purely local as the Court 
 of Common Pleas;" well enough adapted to 
 peculiar habits, but not calculated to bear trans- 
 plantation, nor vigorous enough to live and flourish 
 under less favourable conditions.^ It is needless 
 to remind you how triumphantly and for ever 
 this, once popular, objection has been met and 
 answered. But, secondly, the same wonderful ex- 
 tension of the Church, by the settlement of the 
 Episcopate in every quarter of the world, has put 
 to silence the taunt of the Romanist, who had, 
 not so very long since, some plausible grounds 
 for questioning the catholicity of a Church which 
 had never established itself anywhere beyond the 
 
 1 Psalm cxxvii. 
 
 2
 
 RECENT EXPANSION OF 
 
 shores of its own island ln»me. To use any a 
 arguments 01 objections a1 the present day, would 
 <urt the readiest refutation. For it would 
 be only necessary to point to the map of the 
 world, and show that tl hardly a country 
 
 which has been opened to us, by colonization or 
 commerce, where the Church of England is not 
 to be found in the lull into gxity of it- apostolical 
 constitution. Never, then, again shall the taunt 
 of insularity or barrenness be cast agains 
 Church which has her bishops exercising the 
 office and authority, which have descended to 
 them from the Apostles, in India and China, in 
 Ceylon and Borneo, in South and West Africa, in 
 Xorth America from Quebec to Columbia, in the 
 W st Indies, in the Islands of the North and 
 South Pacific — a Church, moreover, which, in 
 obedience to her Lord's command, is, at this time, 
 sending out her Missionary Bishops and Priests 
 " to the uttermost part of the earth.'' 
 
 Surely, brethren, a feeling of thankfulness must 
 arise in our hearts as we contemplate the late 
 marvellous growth, and the future altogether 
 unlimited prospects, of our Church ; and good 
 reason have we to say, in the words of the 
 Psalmist, "Thou hast not shut me up into the 
 " hand of the enemy, but hast set my feet in 
 
 a larcre room." 1 
 
 m xxxi. 9.
 
 THE CHTTECH OF ENGLAND. 21 
 
 But this great outburst of missionary life has 
 
 done more than shame into silence the taunts 
 
 and cavils of jealous rivals on the right hand and 
 on the left. It has quickened our own vital action. 
 It has enlarged our own heart It has brought 
 into clearer light the true spiritual character of 
 the Church of Christ It has been the best com- 
 mentary on the A<ts of the Apostles, It has made 
 us feel that we are joined with the first preachers 
 of the Gospel in the commission of our common 
 Lord. It has served to give life and reality to 
 an article of our Creed which was too long, witb 
 many, a mere form of words, "I believe in one 
 Catholic and Apostolic Church"by making us feel, 
 that not only in the privileges, but also in the 
 obligations and the responsibilities of " the faith " 
 we are one with the first disciples. 
 
 The same great movement has been fruitful of 
 other blessings still. It has exhibited to us the 
 action of our Church under every variety of new 
 circumstances, and so given proof that it is not 
 dependent on things external. 
 
 1 1 a- the Church of England been represented 
 as dependent on endowments, and supported by 
 courts of law? Look how firmly she stands, and 
 how freely she moves in Canada and Australia 
 where she has no foundation but the Kock on 
 which she was originally built, and little provision
 
 i;r.< EPAN8I0N OF 
 
 but what is offered by the love and gratitude of 
 her children. 
 
 Save the bishops in this country been assailed 
 by slanderous tongues as owing much of their 
 influence to the peerage and the palace e the 
 
 same apostolic order of men in Newfoundland and 
 New Zealand exercising the same spiritual pow 
 and regarded with no less reverence, though their 
 houses and establishments are of the humblest 
 character. Again, is it asked how the Church 
 can exist at a distance from ecclesiastical tribu- 
 nals? She seems to have found a very tolerable 
 substitute in her own synods, and it may yet be 
 her privilege to show us, by her varied experience. 
 in the different colonies, the way to Church-dis- 
 cipline and self-government. 
 
 But the glorious onward march of our Church 
 during the last quarter of a century has won 
 for us, and for the true Catholic faith, a more 
 notable triumph than any hitherto named. It 
 has set our "house of defence very high ;" it has, 
 by God's blessing, secured for us a fortress of 
 strength in not fewer than forty commanding 
 positions in every part of the w« aid. These, surely, 
 if any, are buildings of solid and enduring masonry 
 — not " a mere thin coating of Anglicanism," as 
 our work was once somewhat flippantly described. 
 
 And goodly, indeed, is the prospect which we are
 
 THE CHUB ENGLAND. 23 
 
 permitted to contemplate. "lift up now thine • 
 11 and look from the place where thou art, north- 
 " ward and southward, and eastward and v, 
 '• ward." 1 Everywhere may be seen the Church 
 in the perfection of her three-fold ministry, and 
 firmly baaed as "a pillar of the truth ;" the centre 
 of unity to her own children, an abiding witi 
 for Him who came to be a "light to lighten the 
 
 o o 
 
 Gentil Thus, then, while contemplating the 
 
 solid strength of her foundation, and the breadth 
 of her extended platform, we may humbly, yet 
 
 thankfully, rejoice in the assurance that the Church 
 which God has long so highly favoured, and of 
 so wonderfully extended, is safe under His 
 protection against the assaults of any foe that may 
 approach her bulwarks. 
 
 Should our own dear Mother be distracted by 
 heresies, or weakened by fallings-away at home ; 
 should faith falter, and love grow cold, in this or 
 that quarter of her horizon, she may re-assure her 
 h.art by casting her eyes abroad, and watching 
 the heavenly fire burning brightly, as in the first 
 days of the Church, on the altars which she herself 
 set up. Let us, then, be no more disturbed by un- 
 manly and unfaithful fears about the security of our 
 mother Church. Let us remember it is no longer 
 the Church of England and Ireland alon< — hut the 
 Church of^l merica, the Church of India, the Church 
 
 1 Gen. xiii. 14.
 
 _' I RECENT EXPANSION OF 
 
 ! ustralia, the Church of Africa, But, brethren, 
 if this reflection Bhould even for a moment awaken 
 in any breasl a feeling of national pride, or of self- 
 complacency, lei such feeling be at once followed 
 and overpowered by a sense of the fearful respon- 
 sibility which is thus casi upon as a- a nation and 
 a Church. Let us sec what it is we are called to, 
 by our unequalled opportunities, by our conqn 
 our colonization, and our commerce. Let us, 
 brethren <>f tin' University of Oxford, lay to heart 
 and ponder wel] the obligation that is laid upon 
 ourseh i 
 
 Tlie sermon delivered on the annual recurrence 
 of this holy festival, is proof sufficient that we 
 acknowledge our duty to the colonies and depen- 
 dencies of our empire ; and, if we he sincere, each 
 year ought to find us more zealous and diligent in 
 the discharge of it. But, let us pause to ask, is 
 this really the case? Dov.r adequately appreciate 
 the value of the ten talents which have been 
 entrusted to us? Do we seriously consider the 
 account we shall have to render of their use ? The 
 three bishops of India have recently made a united 
 appeal to the universities of England and Ireland. 
 "We call," say they, "in the name of 180 mil- 
 " lions of Hindoos and Mahometans .... We 
 " call on Oxford, Cambridge, and Dublin, to send 
 " us more men for Missionary work." — p. 11. Let 
 Oxford be the first to answer that stirring call.
 
 THE CHUBCH OP ENGLAND. 25 
 
 Oxford has piety and learning and wealth. Oxford 
 is a foster-mother of the ( Smirch. May not, there- 
 fore, Oxford be invited and expceted to lead the 
 way in sonic new and holy league against tlie 
 Principalities and Powers of Heathendom \ Except 
 in some few favoured spots, our greal dependency 
 of India is Pagan or Mahometan still. China is 
 all but untouched. Africa has yielded here and 
 there a tribe to the faith of the Gospel, but still 
 remains almost exclusively heathen. Will all 
 these countless millions of our fellow-creatures 
 (some two-thirds of the entire human race) ever 
 be converted to the faith of Christ? We know 
 not. But we know that He who purchased to Him- 
 self a universal I !hurch by His own precious blood, 
 gave commandment to His Apostles, and through 
 them to succeeding general ions of bishops and 
 pastors, " To go into all the world and preach the 
 Gospel to 'Very creature." We know that, before 
 the end come, " This Gospel of the kingdom shall 
 "be preached in all the world for a witness unto 
 " all nations." 1 We know that all who go forth 
 to teach and baptize in the name of the Holy 
 Trinity. Whom we on this day adore with more 
 especial praise and service, have the promise of their 
 Lord's abiding presence — " Lo, I am with you 
 alway. even onto the end of the world." 
 
 Who, then, is ready for the work ? Who, when 
 1 Matt xxiv. 14.
 
 RECENT EXPANSION OF 
 
 voice of the Lord Is heard, "saying, Whom 
 shall I Bend, and who will go tor as?" Lb ready 
 to answer, Here T am, send me. For the pastoral 
 charge of our emigrant countrymen, and for the 
 ruction and evangelization of rude, unlettered 
 savages, men of ordinary gifts — if only their hearts 
 bed with the love of Christ, and of the 
 souls which He died to redeem — will be found 
 abundantly qualified. But for India — we are fre- 
 quently told and warned — men of learning and 
 intellectual power, men competent to cope with 
 subtle arguments, and refute the metaphysical 
 fallacies of the more erudite Brahmins, are abso- 
 lutely required. Has Oxford, of which Hebeb and 
 I and Daniel WILSON were the honoured 
 tatives in the last generation, and which 
 in more times has sent forth Malax and 
 
 Street and French and Kay — has Oxford none 
 like minded, and as well qualified, to execute 
 their Lord's commission now ? 
 
 The Belf-devotion of one such man would be 
 more "than thousands of gold and silver;" and 
 that not one BUch only, hut many such may he 
 found on the rolls of this University it would he 
 
 painful to douht. But the responsibility of the 
 Church as a teacher and converter of the Gentiles 
 
 i> ton little in our thoughts, and therefore too 
 seldom tin- >uhject of our prayers. 
 
 This, I has been the admitted fault of our
 
 THE CHrRCH OF ENGLAND. 27 
 
 CI lurch in past times. Let us see that it be so no 
 longer. Let us remember that God has not dealt 
 with any modern nation as with our own. Let us 
 bear consciously in mind that through colonization 
 and commerce, through the empire of the ocean, 
 and the almost universal diffusion of our language, 
 He has given to this nation opportunities and 
 openings never accorded to any other. (U) Let us 
 consider, as Christians, that these manifold privi- 
 leges can have been bestowed upon us for no 
 lower purpose than that of being used for His 
 glory in the extension of the kingdom of His dear 
 Son. Let us seek for faith, that we may rise to 
 the height of His providential designs. Let us 
 desire no honour so much as that of being chosen 
 to be " worke/s together with Him," for the salva- 
 tion of a lost world. Let us, for this truly Godlike 
 purpose, be ready to offer ourselves, and all that 
 we hold most dear. Above all, let us make it the 
 subject of our instant and united prayer; let us 
 be like watchmen upon the walls of Jerusalem, 
 who never hold their peace day nor night, who, 
 emboldened and encouraged to plead with the 
 Lord for the fulfilment of His word of promise to 
 the Church, "keep not silence, and give Him no 
 " rest, till He establish and till He make Jerusalem 
 " a praise in the earth." 1 
 
 1 Isaiah lxii. 7.
 
 APPENDIX 
 
 A. p. 6. 
 THE FOUNDER OF THE RAM8DZH SKRMON. 
 
 It is simply an act of justice to put on record a few facts 
 aud names connected with the endowment of this sermon. 
 
 It will be seen, on reference to the Colonial Church 
 Chronicle, vol. i. p. 238, that in the year 18 17, the neces- 
 sary means for securing the annual delivery of a sermon, 
 in full term, at St. Mary's, on the extension of the Colonial 
 Church, were placed at the disposal of J.H. MARKLAND,Esq. 
 of Bath, for seventeen years Treasurer, and throughout his 
 whole life a warm supporter, of the Society for the Propa- 
 gation of the Gospel. He handsomely acknowledges that 
 his attention was, in the first instance, directed to that 
 particular scheme by the Bishop of Barbados, then a guest 
 in his house. A similar endowment, at the suggestion 
 of the same excellent Churchman, was obtained for the 
 University of Cambridge, 
 
 The benevolent founder was a steady supporter of the 
 same Society — an aged lady, " full of good works and alms- 
 • deeds," who added to them, as one of the last, the endow- 
 ment of this sermon — naturally and appropriately called 
 after her name, the " Ra\*sden .Sermon." 
 
 B. p. 7. 
 
 AREA AND POPULATION OF TI1E BRITISH EMIGRE. 
 
 The land area of the earth is 50,000,000 square miles ; 
 that of the colonies and dependencies of Great Britain 
 between 8,000,000 and The total population is
 
 30 APPENDIX. 
 
 computed variously, but taking ti. . reckoning of four 
 
 of the most distinguished geograph is, it may be set down 
 at l, 1 . while that of our colonics and depen- 
 
 dencies is proximately reckoned a1 200,000,000. 
 
 0. p. 7. 
 
 ENGLISH OCCUPATION OF INDIA. 
 
 The English dominion in India may be dated from 
 the victory of Flassey, obtained by Lord ( ''. r the 
 
 Hindoos, commanded by Surajah Dowlah, June 23, L757. 
 
 A London company of merchants obtained their first 
 charter upwards of a century and a half before— namely, 
 in the year 1600. 
 
 D. p. 8. 
 
 CHRISTIANS AND MAHOMETANS IN INDIA. 
 
 The number of Lap' i zed converts connected with the 
 mi --ions of the Church of England in India (without 
 Ceylon) is somewhat over 60,000, besides a large number 
 under Christian instruction. The native Christians be- 
 longing to the missions of other Protestant Communions 
 may be as many, but the number is variously computed. 
 
 There is no trustworthy report of the number of Roman 
 Catholic Christians. Mr. Marshall, a very questionable 
 authority, reports them at 1,000,000; more cautious in- 
 quirers rate them at about 600,000. It is a striking fact 
 that Queen Victoria has more Mahometan subjects than 
 the Sultan. 
 
 E. p. B. 
 
 BISHOP MIDDLLTON'S ARRIVAL IN INDIA. 
 
 '•' Xo public mark of respect whatever," says Bishop 
 Middleton's biographer, u announced the arrival of the first 
 "Episcopal governor of the Anglo-Indian Church. His 
 ,( appearance in his diocese was as completely unnoticed by 
 " the authorities as the first landing of a civilian or a cadet."
 
 APPENDIX. .".1 
 
 The Bishop himself, writing to his friend, Mr. Ward, 
 
 soon after his arrival in Calcutta, Bays, Deo. 26th, 1814: — 
 " My landing here was without any eclaij for fear, I suppose, 
 of alarming the prejudices of the n.v in, in his 
 
 letter to the Rev. II. 11. Norris, June 3d, 1815, he says: — 
 '•'My pnblio reception was certainly bo arranged as not to 
 u alarm the natives. I believe it might them, as 
 
 "they would naturally suppose, considering the high reve- 
 ''rence which they pay to the heads of their own religion, 
 "that the arrival ol a bishop would make some little stir." 
 — Le Bas y Life ofMiddleton, vol. i. pp. 70, 75, 76. 
 
 P. p. 0. 
 
 SCB -DIVISION OF BISHOPRIC OF CALCUTTA. 
 
 In the preface to his charge to the clergy of the diocese 
 and province of Calcutta (1863), the Bishop most empha- 
 tically records it as his opinion "that the addition of 
 " another member to our Episcopal College would be of the 
 " greatest advantage to the cause of Christianity in India." 
 
 This measure had already been pressed upon the attention 
 of Government in a memorial addressed by the Society for 
 the Propagation of the Gospel to the Earl of Aberdeen in 
 1853. The same subject was a second time brought under 
 the notice of the Government by the Archbishop of Can- 
 terbury in 1856. Again, in the year 1857, the Society — 
 having received urgent applications from most of the prin- 
 cipal stations in the North- West Provinces signed by many 
 persons of eminence, in the civil and military services, 
 including the present distinguished Governor-General, 
 Sir John L.vwklxcl — presented a memorial, accompanied 
 by full statistical information, to the Prime Minister, 
 the President of the Board of Control, and the Directors' 
 of the East India Company, humbly praying them 
 "to advise Her Majesty to erect three' new Episcopal 
 " sees in India— one at Lahore for the Punjab, one at
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 AjORA for tl ad one at Palam- 
 
 ' : cotta for the Province of Tinnevelly ; and also to tako 
 lay be reqili] ining from Parlia- 
 
 . authority for erecting I 
 
 '• well Be an - into which Ber Maji y be 
 
 - a»lvis.il. either HOW or hereafter, to divide the ex; 
 M tl i India." 
 
 Th. Jcutta — the venerable Daniel Wilson 
 
 — in writing to the Society npon the subject in 1852. uses 
 these significant words: ''If a return to anything like 
 "primitive hoped for, many more 
 
 " Sees might be advantageously erected, with small allow- 
 u an' 
 
 Although the result of the previous efforts for the 
 increase of the Episcopate in India has been little en- 
 couraging, it is satisfactory to know that another deputa- 
 tion, headed by the Primate of England, has very recently 
 waited upon the Secretary of State for India with 
 object in view, and, let us hope, with better effect. 
 
 G. p. 11. 
 
 OCR FIRST OOLOB 
 
 Newfoundland, indeed, was discovered in 1407 by 
 Sebastian Cabot, who sailed from the port of Bristol under 
 the authority of letters patent, granted by King Henry 
 the Seventh ; but for upwards of a century it was nothing 
 more than a fishing-station. 
 
 Virginia, so named after the virgin Queen Elizabeth, 
 was taken possession of in 15S4 by Sir Walter Raleigh, who, 
 on assigning over his Patent to a company of merchants, 
 gave the sum of 100/. " in especial regard and zeal of plant- 
 " ing the Christian religion in those barbarous countries, 
 " and for the advancement and preferment of the same, 
 k< and the common utility and profit of the inhal 
 — fl . p. 2. <Bell & Daldj
 
 APPENDIX. 33 
 
 H. p. 12. 
 
 SOCIETY FOR THE PROPAGATION OF THE GOSPEL IN NEW 
 
 ENGLAND. 
 
 The object of this Society, as defined in its charter, 
 was "not only to seek the outward welfare and prosperity 
 " of those colonies, but more especially to endeavour the 
 " good and salvation of their immortal souls, and the pub- 
 <k lishing the most glorious Gospel of Christ among them." 
 
 The name of Clarendon appears first on the list of the 
 Corporators, of which the Hon. Robert Boyle was ap- 
 pointed Governor. The Missionaries were, for the most 
 part, deprived clergymen of the Church of England. — 
 Hist. Notices, p. 9. 
 
 I. p. 12. 
 
 INCORPORATION OF SOCIETY FOR THE PROPAGATION OF THE 
 GOSPEL IN FOREIGN PARTS. 
 
 The application for a Royal Charter was strongly sup- 
 ported by the Archbishop of Canterbury (Tenison), and 
 the Bishop of London (Compton). The Charter bears date 
 June 16, 1701. 
 
 & p. 12. 
 
 FIRST MISSIONARIES OF SOCIETY FOR THE PROPAGATION OF 
 THE GOSPEL. 
 
 The Rev. George Keith (who had been a fellow-student 
 at the University of Aberdeen with Bishop Burnet) and 
 the Rev. Patrick Gordon, embarked for their respective 
 spheres of labour in the Centurion on the 24th of April, 
 1702. The Rev. John Talbot, chaplain of the ship, was so 
 struck with Keith's noble undertaking that he volunteered 
 to join the mission. 
 
 D
 
 34 APPENDIX. 
 
 L. p. 13. 
 
 KTJMBKB OF AMERICAN BISHOPS AND CLERGY. 
 
 The total number of American Bishops in 1863 was 
 one, including the Missionary Bishops in China and 
 Siberia, and Bishop Southgate, late of Constantinople. 
 
 The number of clergy is 2,250. — Churchman's Calendar. 
 (New York, 1863.) 
 
 M. p. 13. 
 
 FOUNDATION OF THE AMERICAN EPISCOPATE. 
 
 A few facts may be interesting to the reader. In 1638 
 Archbishop Laud originated a scheme for sending a Bishop 
 to New England. 
 
 A similar proposal was made after the Restoration by 
 Lord Chancellor Clarendon, who actually obtained from 
 Charles II. a patent for the consecration of Dr. Alexander 
 Murray, as Bishop of Virginia. 
 
 Almost immediately after his arrival at New York 
 (1702), the Rev. John Talbot, one of the Society's first 
 Missionaries, strongly urged the necessity of appointing a 
 Bishop for America. 
 
 A memorial to the same effect was signed by fourteen 
 clergymen at Boston, in 1705 ; and one was presented by 
 the Society to Queen Anne, in 1709. 
 
 In 1713, another memorial, specifying the need of four 
 Bishops, — one for Williamsburgh, in Virginia ; another for 
 Burlington, in New Jersey ; and one for each of the islands 
 of Jamaica and Barbados, — was presented to the Queen, 
 and seems to have received the Royal approbation ; but, 
 unhappily, the arrangements were put an end to by the 
 Queen's death. 
 
 Indeed, the paramount importance of Episcopal super- 
 vision was the constant subject of the letters of the 
 Missionaries ; and it was heartily taken up at home
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 by Archbishop Seeker, Bishops Sherlock, Butler, Terrick, 
 and Lowth. 
 
 But the Episcopate was to be demanded by indepen- 
 dent America, before it was conceded to the Colonies of 
 England. For further details the author ventures to refer 
 to a book written by himself nearly twenty years ago — 
 meal Notices of North Amend ons, ch. 17. 
 
 The Rev. Dr. Samuel Seabury, having served as Catechist 
 for some years, was Bent to England for ordination, in 1753. 
 He subsequently occupied different missions of the S.P.G. 
 till 17b4, when, having been elected by the clergy of ( !on- 
 necticut, assembled in a voluntary Convention, to be their 
 Bishop, he came once again to England ; and was, after some 
 delay, consecrated by the Bishops of the Scotch Church at 
 Aberdeen, on the 14th November, 17 
 
 Dr. William White and the Rev. Samuel Provoost were 
 consecrated Bishops of Pennsylvania and New York, at 
 Lambeth, on the 4th Feb., 1787. 
 
 Later in the same year, namely, on the 12th August, Dr. 
 Charles Inglis was consecrated Bishop of Nova Scotia. 
 
 X. p. 13. 
 
 RATIFICATION OP THE AMERICAN PRAYER-BOOK. 
 
 The Book of Common Prayer was ratified " by the 
 " Bishops, the Clergy, and the Laity of the Protestant 
 " Episcopal Church in the United States of America in 
 mvention/ 7 October lGth, 1789. 
 
 O. p. 10. 
 
 BISHOP BLOMFIELD ON BISHOPRICS FOR THE COLONIES. 
 
 The reader is referred to "A Letter from the late Bishop 
 of London to the Archbishop of Canterbury" (llowley), 
 dated April 24, 1840, which is reprinted in 7 
 
 D 2
 
 36 APPENDIX. 
 
 relative to the Erection and Endo w m en t of Additional Bishoprics 
 in tl, v, S.P.C.K., 1855. That remarkable letter, 
 
 after ably developing Bishop Blomtield's plan, concludes 
 with the following striking, almost prophetic words : — 
 
 • My own deeply-rooted conviction is, that if the Church 
 of England bestir herself in good earnest, and put forth all 
 the resources and energies which she ponnonoco, and for the 
 of which she must give account, she will in due time 
 OMM the reformed Episcopal Church to be recognised, by 
 all the nations of the earth, as the stronghold of pure 
 religion, and the legitimate dispenser of its means of grace ; 
 and will be a chosen instrument in the hands of God for 
 purifying and restoring the other branches of Christ's holy 
 < atholic Church, and of connecting them with herself as 
 members of the same mystical body, in the way of truth, 
 in the unity of the Spirit, and in the bond of peace." 
 
 P. p. 1(5. 
 
 BISHOPRICS ERECTED PRIOR TO 1839. 
 
 3ootia 178? Barbados 18M 
 
 Quebec 1 7*. •-■; Madras 1S35 
 
 tte isi4 Australia 1836 
 
 Jamaica 1891 Bombaj 1837 
 
 Q. p. 17 
 
 BISHOPRICS ERECTED WITHIN THE LAST QUARTER 
 OF A CENTURY. 
 
 1839—1864. 
 
 1 Toronto. .<.... 1 6 Guiana 1849 
 
 •fonndlainl .... 1839 7 Tasmania L84S 
 
 ■ ; Zealand i-ii 8 Vkedericton 
 
 4 Gibraltar 1> '.'Colombo 1S45 
 
 r > Antigua 1S42 10 Capetown 1847
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 i 
 
 11 Newcastle Australia) 
 U Melbourne 
 
 U A>l<'l:ii>l'- 
 
 u Victoria ^ 1 1- ■n^r Kong 
 
 i". Hup.it- Land 
 L0 Montreal . . . 
 it BIm m Leone . 
 is Qrahamatown 
 
 tal .... 
 _•> M Miitinfl . . . 
 
 ■_'l l.aliiinii (Bun 
 
 hriat Church (N.0 
 
 m Australia) 
 •J4 Huron (Canada) . . . . 
 
 !illL'tnll N 
 
 M 
 
 lland) 
 
 (New Zealand 
 
 ■ ti 
 Waiapa .) . 
 
 Australia) 
 
 1847 
 
 l-i: 
 1847 
 1840 
 L848 
 
 L858 
 1 ! ; 
 1855 
 I- r, 
 1817 
 L867 
 Lgfifi 
 
 olnmbia 1859 
 
 11 1. na 
 
 :;i Nassau (Bahamaa) . . . 
 
 . Honolulu (Sandwich Ki IMS 
 
 I Ltario (Canada) . . . 18€8 
 allium 
 
 . \ \k\ BIBHOP8 
 
 bat, at Jeru- 
 
 aalem 184S 
 
 : r . to] M- 
 
 laneala ...... i s,; i 
 
 37 Biaho] a. Africa 
 
 ion '1 m i : 1 1 b, i Grange 
 River, smith Africa 
 
 *ig- 
 
 nate) The Niger . , 1.884 
 
 B. p. 17. 
 
 PROVINCIAL AND DIOCESAN SYNODS. 
 
 In the Colonial and Missionary Church there are at this 
 tune live Metropolitan Provinces— namely, Canada, India, 
 Australia, New Zealand, and Capetown. Synods — con- 
 sisting of the Bishop, the clergy, and lay delegates duly 
 elected — are in full operation in nearly all the dioceses of 
 British North America, of Australasia, and of South Africa. 
 
 S. p. 18. 
 
 THE CHURCH IN NEW DIOCESES. 
 
 The Diocese of Melbourne was founded in 1847. 
 At that time the entire population of the. colony was 
 36,000; by the Census of 1861 it had reached 549,901. 
 The number of clergymen was then 3, it is now LOO. 
 There was 1 unfinished church, and -2 in course of erec- 
 tion ; there were, at the end of 1861, 75 churches, and 3 
 in progress.
 
 38 APPENDIX. 
 
 The Diocese of Adelaide and South Australia was 
 founded in 1847, when there were 5 clergymen ; in 
 December, 1861, there were 28. The population by the 
 last census (18G1) was 126,830. 
 
 The colony of British Columbia was founded in 
 1858, and was erected into a bishopric in 1859. There 
 are now there a Bishop, Archdeacon, and 14 clergymen. 
 
 T. p. 19. 
 
 INSULARITY OF THE CHURCH OF ENGLAND. 
 
 " The Church of England existed for England alone. It 
 was an institution as purely local as the Court of Common 
 Pleas, and was utterly without any machinery for foreign 
 operations." 
 
 " Not a single seminary was established here for the 
 purpose of furnishing a supply of such persons [mission- 
 aries and instructors of youth] to foreign countries." — 
 Macaulay; Art. on Kanke's "History of therYopes." Edin. 
 Ee>\, Oct. 1840. 
 
 "With regard to the latter observation, it is satisfactory 
 to be able to add, that the Church of England is now 
 happily provided with two very efficient and successful 
 Institutions for the education of missionaries and catechists. 
 
 From the Church Missionary Institution, at Islington, 
 founded in 1825, 259 students have been ordained; and 
 from St. Augustine's College, Canterbury, founded in 1848, 
 about 100, who are now labouring in 28 different dioceses. 
 
 U. p. 27. 
 
 ENGLISH-SPEAKING POPULATIONS. 
 
 The population of the 48 Colonies of Great Britain is 
 stated, on Government authority, to be 8,GG6,611 ; from 
 which, if the native races and foreign settlers be deducted,
 
 APPENDIX. 39 
 
 about 5,000,000 will remain who speak the English language 
 — a number equal to the entire population of England in 
 the time of Queen Elizabeth. If this number be added to 
 the population of the United States, estimated in I860 at 
 31,429,891, it will be found to be greater by one-fourth 
 than the entire population of the mother country. More- 
 over, these nations of Englishmen, scattered over every 
 part of the world, are doubling themselves every twenty 
 or twenty-five years ; and will, at a very moderate calcu- 
 lation, before the end of the next century, exceed the 
 whole present population of Europe. 
 
 THE END. 
 
 R. CLAT, SON. AND TAYLOR, PRIKTZB8, LONDON.