STATEMENT 
 
 -BY- 
 
 JUL 1 4 1931 
 DR. A. F. WOODS ., _ jV 0F |U|| 
 
 PRESIDENT MARYLAND STATE COLLEGE 
 
 IN REGARD TO 
 
 THE DEVELOPMENT OF MARYLAND'S 
 
 tGBICIJLTURAL AND INDUSTRIAL RESOURCES 
 
 BY MEANS OF APPROPRIATIONS 
 
 -TO 
 
 THE STATE BOAR!) OF AGRICULTURE 
 
 THE MARYLAND STATE COLLEGE 
 
 THE EXPERIMENT STATION 
 
 THE EXTENSION SERVICE 
 
 THE INSPECTION AND CONTROL WORK 
 
 JANUARY, 1920 
 

 What the State College Is Asking For. 
 
 The General Assembly of Maryland at its present session is 
 .asked to provide for work under the direction of the Trustees of the 
 Maryland State College of Agriculture and the State Board of Agri- 
 culture the sura of $1,687,286 lor maintenance, and the further sum 
 of $1,519,900 for land, buildings and equipment, etc., a total of 
 $3,207,186 for the years of 1921 and 1922. This total represents an 
 increase of $2,649,823 over the amount of $557,358 appropriated for 
 the years L919 and L920. 
 
 The tax payers of the State have a legitimate righl to inquire 
 why such an amount is requested at the present time 1 . Following are 
 reasons why tin 1 appropriation is deemed necessary: 
 
 Will Develop the State's Resources. 
 
 The fundamental reason for the appropriation is that it will be 
 expended primarily for the development of the agricultural and 
 industrial resources of the State. The fact must be borne in mind 
 that Maryland is an- agricultural State. Nearly one-half of our 
 population is engaged in agricultural pursuits. Many of the other 
 half are dependent upon agricultural development for the prosperity 
 of their business. Most of the towns have been built and are sup- 
 ported by agriculture. A large volume of the business of Baltimore 
 City is directly dependent upon the farm. A large proportion of 
 the raw material used in her factories conies from the farm. Tt is. 
 therefore, evident that the well-being and development of agriculture 
 is of vital importance to all of our people, urban as well as rural. 
 And that which is true of agriculture also is true of the State's 
 water and mining industries, though, perhaps, in a somewhat less 
 measure. 
 
 Possibilities of Agricultural Development in Maryland 
 Practically Unlimited. 
 
 Of the 5,000,000 acres included in Maryland farms, only about 
 3,000,000 acres are now under cultivation. Hundreds of thousands 
 of acres of unfilled land in this State could be made productive, with 
 the result that every phase of our industrial life should be more 
 prosperous. 
 
 The soil is Maryland's greatest undeveloped resource. lis 
 development can be accomplished only through a broad, thoroughly 
 organized and far-reaching system of agricultural instruction, in- 
 vestigation and demonstration. The net returns from Maryland's 
 50,000 farms can be doubled. For instance, an increase of one 
 bushel of corn per acre from the 00:1,000 acres devoted to this crop in 
 1919 would return more than $1,000,000 increased income to Mary- 
 land farmers. An increase of one bushel of wheat per acre from the 
 790,000 acres devoted to this crop in 1010 would yield over $1,500,000 
 in increased income to our farmers. 
 
 788450 
 
One pint increase of milk per cow per day would yield the dairy- 
 men of this Stale over a million dollars of additional income from 
 their labor. Unused land could be turned into pastures that would 
 easily feed half a million more sheep than are now in the State. 
 
 Although Maryland is a greal fruit State, she can be made the 
 greatesl fruit State in the East, and the value of thousands of acres 
 of unused lands can be multiplied manyfold. 
 
 There are within 200 miles of Maryland, 10,000,000 people 
 to consume the products of the 1 farm, including small fruits, truck 
 and vegetable crops. 
 
 At a time when the cost of living has reached unheard of alti- 
 tudes, every citizen is vitally interested in any measure that may 
 increase production of food crops. The State College is the agency, 
 established by authority of the State, to accomplish this end. 
 
 Money Appropriated for Agricultural Development 
 Is a Safe and Profitable Investment. 
 
 Actual experience has demonstrated that the possibilities of 
 Maryland's agriculture can be realized. Wheat growers under the 
 direction of the State College, by using improved seed and following 
 approved methods, have increased their yields of wheat as much as 
 six bushels per acre over the yield from other unimproved varieties. 
 On the basis of the State's total acreage in 1911), such an increase 
 would have netted the wheat growers of the State more than $9,000,- 
 000 in one year. 
 
 In 1919, nine fruit growers, by the expenditure of .$4253.65 in 
 properly spraying their peach and apple trees under the direction 
 of specialists from the State College, received from their crops 
 148,818.83 over and above the cost of spraying the trees. The per- 
 centage of perfect fruit from these trees was 88%, while the un 
 sprayed trees yielded only 21%. 
 
 In 1919 a strawberry grower in Somerset county who conducted 
 demonstrations in dusting his plants received $508 more for the 
 fruit from the acre that was dusted than from an acre that was not 
 dusted. The cost of dusting, including all charges, was $20.50, mak- 
 ing a net return of $488.25 in favor of dusting. 
 
 A similar demonstration in Caroline county yielded a net return 
 in favor dusting of $379.50. 
 
 Another grower in Somerset county who had 12 acres in straw 
 berries sold 1800 crates for $15,300. He estimates an increase in 
 yield of 30 per cent, due to dusting. Counting the cost of dusting 
 at $200, he estimates his net returns from his dusting operations 
 at $4300. 
 
 A score of other growers, carrying on demonstrations under the 
 direction of county agents and State College specialists, reported 
 increases in crop yield, due to dusting, of from 30 per cent, to 100 
 per cent. 
 
The college records show many examples of increased yields 
 from farm crops, control of disease in plants and livestock, and 
 larger net returns from dairying and other branches of animal hus- 
 bandry by following scientific methods of agriculture recommended 
 by the State College. 
 
 The State Can Well Afford to Build Up 
 Its State College. 
 
 The State 1 College is the logical leader in the agricultural de- 
 velopment of the State. The State can well afford to appropriate 
 funds for the upbuilding of an institution capable of such effective 
 Leadership. It will prove a safe and profitable investment. 
 
 It was through the efforts of the University of Wisconsin that 
 Wisconsin developed into the great dairying State 1 that it is. Aftefl 
 New York soil became depleted through mismanagement, Cornell 
 University, through its College of Agriculture, made the horticul- 
 tural interests of the Empire State what they are. Ohio and Towa 
 became leaders in livestock production largely through the efforts 
 of their Colleges of Agriculture. The millions appropriated by these 
 States to their State Colleges have been returned a hundredfold in 
 inreased return from their agriculture and in enhanced value of their 
 farms. 
 
 State Roads Are Profitable Investment. 
 
 Within ten years the Maryland Legislature has authorized the 
 expenditure of $34,000,000 upon our State road system. It is a 
 fine system, and the pride of every Marylander. It has proved to be 
 an exceedingly profitable investment for the State. 
 
 But in the past 63 years, the State of Maryland has spent but 
 little over $1,000,000 for the advancement of agriculture through 
 appropriations to the State College. Other States have built up 
 their State Colleges along with or in advance of the development 
 of their State roads. Let Maryland build up a great State College 
 to compare with her great road system. It will prove just as good 
 an investment. 
 
 The Appropriations Requested Have Already Been Earned. 
 
 As a matter of record, the appropriations asked for have already 
 been earned as is shown by the following figures: 
 
 The average yield of corn per acre from 1880-1889 in Maryland 
 was 24.2 bushels; the average yield in 1010-1910 was 36.5 bushels, an 
 increase of L2.3 bushels. On the basis of 693,000 acres of corn grown 
 in Maryland in 1919, this means an increase of $11,933,000 this year 
 over the yield for t lie same acreage in 1880-1889. 
 
 The increase in the average yield of wheat in the same period 
 was 3.8 bushels per acre. On a basis of 790,000 acres of the 1010 
 crop, this would result in an increase of $ 6,454,000 to the wheat 
 growers of the State for this year over the yield for 1880-1889. 
 
Taking pats, rye, barley, buckwheat, potatoes, hay and tobacco 
 together with corn and wheat, the total increase of these nine prin- 
 cipal crops of the State on our 11)1!) acreage amounts to 122,361,480 
 per year more than they averaged in 1880-1889. 
 
 State College Responsible for Crop Improvement. 
 
 If only one-tenth of the improvement in the nine principal crops 
 grown in this State could be ascribed to the influence of the State 
 College since the establishment of the Experiment Station in 1889, 
 and the receipt by the College of the grants of funds under the 
 Second Morril Act in 1892, it would represent over $2,000,000 in one 
 year, or more than the entire amount that has been granted to the 
 College and Experiment Station since the foundation of the College 
 63 years ago. 
 
 It is, therefore, evident that on the basis of dollars and cents 
 the State College has already proved that it is a good investment for 
 the State, and has already returned to the State more than the 
 State has spent for its support and much more than is now being 
 asked for to place it on a plane of efficiency, which it is not possible 
 to attain with the present meager support. 
 
 Development of Water Resources. 
 
 Work has been initiated at the college looking toward the devel 
 opment of the State's water resources, and results of investigation 
 and research in this fertile field should be just as productive as 
 investigation and research in agriculture already have proved. 
 Maryland's water resources constitute a vast asset, and money ex- 
 pended by the Legislature to carry out a policy of conservation and 
 development of them should be returned dollars for dimes. 
 
 In eo-operation with the Maryland Conservation Commission the 
 State College has been conducting investigations and surveys, and 
 is at present offering a seiies of lectures covering the general field 
 of aquiculture. The United States Fish Commission is at present 
 considering the establishment of experimental fish hatcheries at the 
 College, and such a project should present invaluable data concern- 
 ing the development of the water areas. The State College is co- 
 operating with State and Federal agencies in their attempts to 
 arouse active interest in the development of the vast resources of the 
 bay and its tributaries. 
 
 And it seems not amiss to state here that the College has been 
 unable to meet demands for aid from one of the State's greatest 
 industries — mining — because it has had no funds with which to 
 develop such work. Not a home, not a business, not another industry 
 in the State that is not directly affected by the production of coal, 
 and the people have a right to demand that their State College, 
 especially charged under the Morrill Act with the development of 
 
the State's resources, be in a position to render whatever aid may l>c 
 required in the attempl to solve some of the greal problems incidem 
 thereto. 
 
 Money Invested for the Scientific and Technical Training 
 
 of Maryland Young Men and Women Produces 
 
 Large Returns. 
 
 Maryland is East becoming .an industrial center. Large indus- 
 tries are constantly being added to the great Dumber thai already 
 flourish in Baltimore and other towns. In addition, Cumberland, 
 Hagerstown, Frederick, Eastoti, Cambridge and Salisbury and other 
 towns are rapidly expanding the scope of their industrial horizon. 
 As a result, the demand for technically trained men and women is 
 growing daily. 
 
 Maryland hoys and girls are receiving at the State College the 
 training that fits them for service in the industrial field, and the 
 graduates of the State College are to be found almost everywhere 
 and in all professions. 
 
 Noting only those holding official positions based on technical 
 training, graduates of the institution are rendering service in Mary- 
 land as follows : 
 
 State Forester, Chief Engineer State Highway Commission, En- 
 gineer for Baltimore City Sewerage Commission, Engineers for the 
 Baltimore City Paving Commission, County Engineers, State Ento- 
 mologist. State Horticulturist, Director of Extension Service, Teach 
 ers of Manual Training and Agriculture in Public High Schools, 
 Members of the Faculty of the State College, County Agents, Spe- 
 cialists in the Extension Service, Principals and Instructors in gen- 
 eral subjects in High Schools and Academies of the State, Officers 
 of the National Guard, etc. 
 
 In the United States Department of Agriculture, Maryland 
 State graduates occupy positions as follows: Three chiefs of divi- 
 sion in the Bureau of Chemistry, Chemist in Charge of Meat Inspec- 
 tion and Assistant Chemists in same division. Specialists in Bureau 
 (»f Entomology, Chief Inspector for the United States Horticultural 
 Board, Chemists in Charge of Cereal Investigations, citrus by-prod- 
 ucts, etc.. Specialists in Bureau of Animal [ndustry. 
 
 In the nation at large Maryland State graduates occupy posi- 
 tions on the faculties of such institutions as follow: West Virginia 
 University, Columbia University, University of Georgia, North Caro- 
 lina State College, New York University, University of Maryland. 
 Iowa State College, University of Wisconsin, University of Porto 
 Rico, Christian Brothers College of California, University of Arkan- 
 sas, George Washington University, Oregon Agricultural College, 
 University of Pennsylvania, Cornell University, Albright College 
 Roanoke College, etc., and nil technical positions such as State Ento- 
 mologist, North Carolina; State Bighway Engineer of Wisconsin 
 State Entomologist of Arkansas, Secretary Bureau of Irrigation of 
 
New Mexico. Surveyor of the District of Columbia, Chemist for the 
 State of Virginia, Engineer United States Geological Survey, while 
 scores of Maryland State men were commissioned officers of the 
 United States Army, Navy, Coast Guard and Marine Corps. 
 
 No mention is made here of the many who are scattered through- 
 out the world as employees in the Engineering or Chemical Depart- 
 ments of greal industrial organizations and as specialists in various 
 lines of agriculture. 
 
 What Other States Have Done for the Support of Their 
 State Colleges, Including the Experiment Stations 
 and Extension Service. 
 
 When the support given to the Maryland State College, includ- 
 ing the Experiment Station and Extension Service, is compared with 
 that granted to the State colleges of other States, the ultra-con- 
 servative policy of Maryland is evident, as is shown by the following 
 figures, supplied by the United States Bureau of Education: 
 
 Colleges 
 
 Value of 
 
 College 
 
 Plant and 
 
 Equipment 
 
 Annual 
 
 Appropriation 
 
 Since 1909 
 
 (average) 
 
 Total 
 
 Appropriations 
 
 Since 1909 
 
 Per 
 Capita 
 
 1910 
 Census 
 
 West Virginia | $1,516,000 
 
 Massachusetts | 2.075,943 
 
 Kansas | 2,648,317 
 
 Pennsylvania | 3,541,569 
 
 Nebraska | 4,886,012 
 
 Ohio | 7,813,121 
 
 Wisconsin | 9,503,693 
 
 Maryland | 820,665 
 
 $263,774.44 
 363,105.44 
 516,260.00 
 427,766.00 
 794.925.00 
 1,055,394.00 
 1,627,094.00 
 102,108.43* 
 
 $2,373,970.00 
 3,267,949.00 
 4,646.342.00 
 3,849,896.00 
 7,154,328.00 
 9,498,550.00 
 
 14,643,853.00 
 1,021,084.00* 
 
 $1.94 
 
 .98 
 2.63 
 
 .50 
 6.00 
 1.99 
 6.27 
 
 .78 
 
 *These figures include about $35,000 per year for the work of the Live Stock 
 Sanitary Division. In the other States this work is carried on by Boards 
 separate from the State College, and funds for it are not included in figures 
 furnished above for other States. 
 
 Brief Outline of the Work of the College. 
 
 The Maryland State College of Agriculture is the successor of 
 the Maryland Agriculture College, the second in the United States 
 t<> be chartered. Although from the beginning it received some 
 State aid, it was not a State institution, being under the control 
 of a Board of Trustees independent of the State. It has always 
 served, however, in the same relation to the State of Maryland as 
 have the State colleges of other States, such as Iowa, Kansas, Wis- 
 consin, Michigan, etc. By designation of the Legislative Assembly 
 the College received the Government grants for agricultural educa- 
 tion, known as the Morril-Nelson Acts and the grants for research, 
 known as the Hatch and Adams Acts. However, the small grants 
 limited from year to year the scope of the work compared to the 
 field covered by the more adequately supported institutions in 
 other States. 
 
State Takes Over the College. 
 
 To remedy this condition with a view to establishing a thor- 
 oughly efficient State agency of agricultural and industrial educa- 
 tion and research, in association with the other phases of education, 
 tht 4 State look over the Maryland Agricultural College and reor- 
 ganized it under a new charter, which makes ii possible, with ade- 
 quate support, to develop the Maryland State College of Agriculture 
 into an institution comparable to the higher educational institutions 
 of the other States. Considerable progress has been made in this 
 direction. 
 
 Scope of Work Demands Liberal Support. 
 
 The State College conducts three distinct lines of educational 
 work — resident instruction, investigation, and extension and demon- 
 stration. A fourth division is that of regulatory work, which is con- 
 ducted in part by the College and in part by the Live Stock Sanitary 
 Section of the State Board. 
 
 It must be assumed that the State, in taking over the College, 
 intended to have the institution develop to meet the growing needs oi 
 the time. 
 
 How the Work of the College Is Organized. 
 
 One of the necessary functions of the College is to provide ade 
 quate means for the proper education of the young men and women 
 of the State. In order to carry out systematically this fundamental 
 duty, the College has been organized into the following groups: 
 School of Agriculture, School of Chemistry, School of Education. 
 School of Engineering, School of Home Economics, School of Liberal 
 Arts, Graduate School; and there is in process of organization a 
 School of Veterinary Science and Medicine and other schools cov- 
 ering fields of importance to technical education and research. 
 
 The School of Agriculture. 
 
 This group includes the Divisions of Plant Industry and Animal 
 Industry. The Plant Industry Division covers the works in Agron- 
 omy, Horticulture, Plant Morphology, Physiology and Pathology 
 and Forestry. The Division of Animal Industry includes work in 
 Animal Husbandly, Dairy Husbandy, Poultry Husbandly, Farm 
 Management, Animal Pathology, Veterinary Medicine, Zoology, 
 Entomology, etc. 
 
 The teaching of a rational, practical system of farming is the 
 primary aim of the School of Agriculture. The curricula are planned 
 to give the student a general knowledge of all phases of agriculture 
 and related sciences, but at the same time to afford an opportunity 
 to specialize along the line in which he is particularly interested. 
 The plan provides for those who wish to take up some professional 
 line, such as teaching, research, county agent work, as well as 
 farming. 
 
The School of Chemistry. 
 
 The School of Chemistry includes the Departments of General 
 Chemistry, Industrial Chemistry, Biological Chemistry and the 
 Department of Fertilizer and Food Analysis and Inspection. 
 
 It is the aim of the School of Chemistry to prepare students for 
 practical work as research, general analytical and manufacturing 
 chemists, or to be teachers. 
 
 The School of Education. 
 
 This school consists of an organization of the various activities 
 of the College which are concerned with the professional prepara 
 tion of teachers. Its courses are planned to serve three classes of 
 students — first, those preparing to teach Agriculture, Home Eco- 
 nomics, industrial and general subjects in secondary schools; sec- 
 ond, prospective principals of High Schools, Educational Super- 
 visors, County Agents, Home Demonstration Agents, Boys' and 
 Girls' Club Leaders and other Extension Workers; third, those 
 majoring in other lines who desire courses in Education and 
 Psychology. 
 
 In addition to courses in General Education, Vocational courses 
 are offered in Agricultural Education. Home Economics Education 
 and Industrial Education. 
 
 The State College is designated by the State Board of Education 
 and the Federal Vocational Board as the official agency charged with 
 the conduct of teacher training in Maryland under the Smith-Hughes 
 Act. 
 
 The School of Engineering. 
 
 The Engineering group includes Civil, Electrical, Mechanical 
 and Rural Engineering and Mathematics and Physics. The State 
 College was the first institution in the State of Maryland to organize 
 a course in Engineering, having inaugurated the work in 1894 to 
 comply with requirements of the Federal Government under the 
 second Morrill Land Grant Act. 
 
 The Engineering courses are arranged with a view to preparing 
 the students for immediate usefulness in the technical world. The 
 school is organized to instruct students who desire to practice Engi- 
 neering as a profession; and, second, to teach students interested in 
 agriculture and applied science such branches of mechanic arts and 
 engineering as will promote their individual interests. Instruction 
 is given in certain subjects required under the provisions of the 
 Smith-Hughes Act for the training of teachers in the industrial arts. 
 
 An opportunity is afforded each year for practicing road engi- 
 neers to take an intensive course at the College in road building and 
 maintenance. 
 
 Four-year courses are offered in Civil, Mechanical, Electrical 
 and Rural Engineering. Option is offered in Civil Engineering to 
 specialize in either highway or sanitary engineering. 
 
 10 
 
The School of Home Economics. 
 
 This school includes the Departments of Poods and Cookery, 
 Textiles and Clothing, Eygiene and Bealth and Institutional and 
 Home Management. 
 
 The courses of instruction are planned to meet the needs oi 
 three classes of students : (1) )Those who desire a knowledge of the 
 general facts and principle of home economics. (2) Those students 
 who wish to specialize in Home 1 Economics. (3) Those interested in 
 certain phases of home economics which deal with the work of the 
 dietitian or institutional manager. 
 
 The School of Liberal Arts. 
 
 This group includes the Departments of Languages and Philos- 
 ophy, English Language and Literature, History and Political 
 Science, Economics, Journalism. Public Speaking, Library Science 
 and Music. 
 
 The courses given in this school have for their prime object the 
 offering of fundamental and specialized instinct ion in language, 
 literature and social science. It aims to establish a foundation upon 
 which to build technical and scientific education; to provide the 
 basic preparation for business, law, journalism, administration, civil 
 service or higher teaching positions, and to afford the opportunity 
 for general cultivation and refinement of the mind. The curricula 
 in this group are largely arranged according to the group elective 
 system. 
 
 The Graduate School. 
 
 Graduate work is offered to graduates of this or other standard 
 colleges who, in the judgment of the Dean of the Graduate School. 
 are qualified to undertake that work. Advanced degrees conferred 
 are Master of Science, Master of Arts and Doctor of Philosophy. 
 
 College Organized on a Broad Basis. 
 
 The organization of the academic work is thus planned upon a 
 broad basis in accordance with the law creating the Land Grant 
 Colleges by the Federal Government. The young nam and women 
 of Maryland have a light to expect their State College to be so 
 organized, equipped and manned as to meet their needs for higher 
 education in all its branches, such as is furnished by other States. 
 
 Maryland cannot afford to send her sons and daughters to other 
 States because her own State 1 College cannot accept them or is not 
 equipped to give 1 them tin 1 training they desire .and yet nearly 200 
 young nam of Maryland were turned away from the Stale College 
 last fall on account of limited accommodations. 
 
 A detailed discussion of needs for equipment and buildings will 
 be presented later. 
 
Investigation. 
 
 Investigation in all fields of applied science is essential to edu- 
 cation. The work of the Experiment Stations of the country was 
 pre-eminent in developing modern scientific agriculture in both the- 
 ory and practice. The Maryland Experiment Station, established in 
 1888, has produced results from its investigations of untold value to 
 the farmers of the State. The investigational work in progress 
 includes a study of the soils of the State and their adaptability to 
 various crops; the use of lime, fertility investigations, methods for 
 the control of insect pests and plant diseases, feeding animals for 
 meat and dairy production, selection of varieties and cultural prac- 
 tice in raising fruit, vegetables and flowers, variety tests in wheat, 
 soy beans and other crops. Agricultural research must be ahead of 
 demands of the time. 
 
 While splendid results have been accomplished by our Station, 
 there are innumerable agricultural problems that need solving. A 
 study of many of these problems would extend over a period of years. 
 The agricultural industry cannot afford to neglect agricultural re- 
 search in these times w T hen new methods in production, distribution 
 and marketing are so important. Other fields of investigation in 
 science, engineering, farm machinery, mining, agriculture, etc., pre- 
 sent great possibilities for assisting these industries in the State. 
 
 Extension and Demonstration. 
 
 The aim of the extension and demonstration work is to carry 
 the available information in agricultural science and home eco- 
 nomics to farmers and home-makers by practical demonstrations on 
 their farms and in their homes. This work is conducted in co-opera- 
 tion with the United States Department of Agriculture, and is accom- 
 plishing wonderful results in this State. It was through this well 
 organized division that the institution was able to carry the large 
 amount of extra work thrust upon us by the State during the war 
 period, and which has continued since the armistice. With a trained 
 man and woman agent in each county we were able to conduct the 
 special campaigns for production, and, with the generous response by 
 the farmers, to make such a splendid agricultural war record for the 
 State. Since the close of the war, on account of the reduction of 
 Federal Emergency funds and State funds from the Council of 
 Defense, the Extension Service has had great difficulty in meeting 
 the demands of the people. 
 
 It is impossible to cite the magnitude of this work in the State. 
 Suffice it to say that the people are demanding well-trained and 
 experienced men and women, and all sections have come to realize 
 the immense value of county agent work in promoting the develop- 
 ment of agriculture and bettering rural life in the counties. 
 
 In addition, the Extension Service is furnishing facilities for 
 presenting favorably to prospective settlers information concerning 
 Maryland's agricultural possibilities and the advantages of locating 
 in this State. 
 
 12 
 
To inert the needs in different communities it lias been accessary 
 to emphasize extension in general education. The purpose of this 
 work is to give information and assistance in subjects other than 
 agriculture and home economics. 
 
 Through the Extension Service the College campus extends to 
 every community of the State; through it the College is able to ren- 
 der service to the State at large. 
 
 Inspection and Control Work. 
 
 In the United States the annual toll by insects and diseases 
 taken from farm crops, fruits, vegetables, etc., and, in addition, the 
 loss due to diseases affecting livestock, amounts to millions. A con- 
 servative estimate of the loss due to these causes is 10 per cent. For 
 Maryland farm crops, this would be f 13,274,000; for livestock, it 
 would amount to $5,070,000. Our annual loss to the dairy industry 
 from disease, such as tuberculosis, amounts to $1,560,000, while our 
 loss in the swine industry, due to hog cholera, etc., is approximately 
 $850,000. 
 
 Much progress is being made in the control of diseases affecting 
 both farm crops and animals. No argument is necessary to point 
 out the necessity of the State doing everything in its power to prevent 
 these enormous losses. 
 
 The control work of insects and diseases is conducted through 
 the State Horticultural Department, while the control of animal 
 diseases is conducted by the Livestock Sanitary Section of the State 
 Board of Agriculture. 
 
 The fertilizer inspection work conducted by the School of Chem- 
 istry is of untold value to the farmers of the State. Likewise, the 
 seed inspection means much to the State in protecting the quality 
 of seed offered for sale. All phases of this regulatory work should 
 be adequately provided for in order to protect the agricultural indus- 
 try as far as possible from unnecessary losses. 
 
 The Present Condition of Buildings and Equipment 
 Makes Appropriations Necessary. 
 
 A total of |1,519,900 is requested for buildings, equipment 
 and land at the State College. This seems a rather large sum, but 
 when one considers the absolute needs existing at present, the request 
 is more than justified. In the first place, it will be remembered that 
 a request for a building program was submitted to the last Legis- 
 lature, but in view of war conditions, the Board of Trustees volun- 
 tarily requested that such a building program be postponed. 
 
 The time has now arrived that additional buildings are an abso- 
 lute necessity if the institution is to grow or even accommodate 
 properly the students now attending the College. Moreover, the 
 request for buildings is large by virtue of the inadequate provision 
 made in previous years for the needs of the institution. The com- 
 
 13 
 
parisons previously shown in the total amounts appropriated by this 
 State with thai of other States for this purpose explain the abnormal 
 needs at this time. 
 
 Dormitories for Men Inadequate. 
 
 The present dormitory facilities are wholly inadequate. Calvert 
 Hall is a modern dormitory built to accommodate 125 men. It has 
 been necessary to crowd into it over double this number, and as 
 many more have to find rooms at high cost and often long distances 
 from the College. Many were turned away this year because no 
 place to live could be found. The United States Governmenl re- 
 quested us to provide for 200 men wounded in the recent war who 
 desired education in the fields represented by the College. Only 
 about 40 of these could be taken because there was no place for 
 them to live and no funds could be secured either from the State or 
 Federal Government to erect a dormitory. To meet these conditions 
 we are asking for a dormitory for men to accommodate 200 which 
 will afford temporary relief. The cost of such a building and equip- 
 ment will he 1100.000. 
 
 College Open to Women. 
 
 The new charter granted to the institution in 1014 provided 
 that the opportunities given to the young women attending the 
 College be equal to those given to men. A school of Home Economics 
 has been organized. Only about 30 young women are attending the 
 College, as this is all that can be accommodated under present condi- 
 tions, and these are housed partly in a rented building away from 
 the campus. We should have a suitable dormitory for women, and 
 estimates have been prepared for such a building to cost f 108,000. 
 Certainly no argument is necessary to persuade anyone that the 
 State should have suitable accommodations for the large number of 
 young women who are seeking advanced training in all branches of 
 education. The proper education of our young women is unques- 
 tionably one of the primary duties of the State. 
 
 Dining Hall Needed. 
 
 The students must not only be housed, but they must be fed. 
 The original dining hall was destroyed by fire a few years before the 
 State took over the College and since that time a temporary wooden 
 structure has taken its place 1 . This was enlarged during the war by 
 a temporary addition. The structure, however, does not meet the 
 requirements of the situation. It should be replaced immediately 
 by a properly constructed building and modern equipment. This 
 will cost approximately $170,000. 
 
 14 
 
Armory and Gymnasium Required. 
 
 Mention has been made of the fad thai the College rendered 
 assistance to the nation during the war in the training of men for 
 war service. The grants made by i lie general Governmenl to the 
 Siate for education required that the College should provide such 
 training in military science as the War Department niigln demand. 
 Maryland State College has met this requirement as far as possible 
 with inadequate facilities. Recently Congress provided for the en- 
 largement of this military training in tin 1 establishment of t lie Re- 
 servo Officers' Training Corps. Under this plan the students receive 
 considerable assistance^ in the way of free 1 uniforms and other equip- 
 ment, and in the 1 advanced work about 112 per month additional. 
 The military training in no way interferes with the other work of 
 the schools, but it is a distinct help, as careful physical training is 
 required. The War Department has turned over to the College 
 about 87.1, (KM) worth of equipment, which must be carefully guarded 
 and cared for. At the present time there is no place to house prop- 
 erly and use this equipment or to conduct the military and physical 
 training work on a basis satisfactory to the War Department. To 
 provide for this need, an appropriation is requested to build a suit- 
 able gymnasium and armory. This will require $190,000. 
 
 New Chemical Building Necessary. 
 
 The importance of chemistry in the industries has never been 
 so fully recognized as today. It has important relationship to nearly 
 every department of modern life. The demand for mnn trained in 
 chemistry is especially strong from the industries, and many young 
 men desire to prepare themselves to fill these places. The building 
 used by the College for chemical teaching and fertilizer analysis is 
 now altogether too small. It is not fireproof, and is not adapted to 
 the requirements of the enlarged demands in these lines. A new 
 building is urgently necessary, and will cost about .^lfiO.000. 
 
 Farm Machinery Laboratory Required. 
 
 Farm machinery is now a subject that must be given mucli more 
 attention in colleges of agriculture and engineering. It is an impor- 
 tant factor in solving the farm labor problem. Maryland has made a 
 good atari in tins direction, but the College has no suitable building 
 in which the work can be adequately carried on. An estimate of 
 $50,000 to cover the immediate needs has been included in the budget. 
 
 Central Heating Plant a Necessity. 
 
 All of these buildings must be heated. At tin 1 presenl time most 
 of the College buildings are heated by individual plants. As the 
 institution grows it will be desirable to centralize this work at a 
 point where coal can be brought in in carload lots over a spur track 
 from the railroad. Another very important factor is the reduction 
 
 15 
 
of the Are risk. Provision for a central heating plant and conduits, 
 with spur track connections with the railroad, is requested. The 
 estimated cost is $249,400. 
 
 An item is also included for the construction of sewers and for 
 water mains and tank to meet the increased needs of the College, 
 protect the health of the students and furnish additional fire protec- 
 tion. This item calls for f 64,000. 
 
 Buildings and Equipment for Veterinary Science. 
 
 The efficient control of animal diseases depends in a large meas- 
 ure upon the supply and skill of the veterinarians. Maryland lias no 
 college of veterinary medicine at the present lime. The National 
 Departmenl of Agriculture has urged the Board to organize such a 
 school in connection with the State College of Agriculture. The 
 amount requested for this purpose is $35,000 for buildings and equip- 
 ment. The additional staff is included in the college budget. 
 
 Plant and Equipment for Dairy and Animal Husbandry 
 
 Departments. 
 
 The general program also requires an efficient department of 
 dairy and animal hubandry at the College. There is great need for 
 additional livestock for general animal husbandry teaching. Steps 
 have been taken to organize this work. First of all, there must be 
 provided additional land, within easy reach of the classes, for the 
 location of barns, paddocks, j pastures and other necessary equipment, 
 and for growing as much of the feed needed as practicable. This 
 additional land, with the necessary barns and other equipment will 
 cost about $106,000, and a request for this has been included. This 
 is an investment that will grow more valuable from year to year 
 entirely aside from its educational value. 
 
 Summary of Building Program. 
 
 The above program for buildings is conservative, and provides 
 for only the immediate needs of the institution. The new agricul- 
 tural building completed in 1918 at a cost of $174,000, the men's 
 dormitory built from insurance funds following the fire, together 
 with the Engineering Buildings, Science Hall, Library and other 
 structures erected from time to time, including the Experiment Sta- 
 tion buildings, are at present overcrowded and inadequate to meet 
 the needs of a growing institution. 
 
 The location of the College on a commanding hill near the 
 Washington-Baltimore Boulevnrd, Washington Suburban Electric 
 Railway and B. & O. Railroad offers a most favorable center around 
 which to group the proposed new buildings to meet present needs. 
 The institution has made a splendid record, and as already has been 
 pointed out, its alumni can be found in places of great responsibility 
 throughout the State and the Union. Aside from Maryland's duty 
 
 16 
 
to its youth, and aside from the material returns thai will come from 
 money invested, the State's pride alone should prompt her to have 
 equipment adequate to the needs of her citizens and comparable to 
 
 thai of other States. 
 
 The Increase in the Cost of Maintenance, Coupled With the 
 
 Decreased Purchasing Power of Money, Necessitate 
 
 Increased Appropriations. 
 
 The large reduction in the purchasing power of the dollar is 
 felt to no greater degree in any business than in the conduct of a 
 State institution with limited appropriations for certain purposes. 
 Tin 1 previous appropriations for maintenance during the past two 
 years could not Ik 1 increased to meet the largely expanded cost of 
 materials, equipment, travel and general expenses. In order to con 
 tinue the work of the institution in all phases of its activity upon 
 the same basis as hertofore, a 50 per cent, increase in maintenance 
 for the several divisions is necessary. In order- to meet present high 
 costs, the strictest economies have been practiced and vet the in- 
 creased cost of travel, food, coal and every other article entering 
 into the needs of the institution have had to be met. 
 
 Increased Salaries Necessary to Keep Good Men. 
 
 No class of men and women have suffered from the high cost 
 of living to the same degree as teachers and college professors, 
 specialists and others engaged in educational work. The strain upon 
 the men at our institution who are forced to maintain certain si and 
 ards of living, and who are subject to many miscellaneous demands 
 in addition to ordinary living expenses, has been heavy. The average 
 of the salaries paid to our specialists and instructors is below that 
 paid by similar institutions. We must retain the competent men 
 now connected with the College. In order to do so, we must increase 
 our salary average. We have already lost a score of men in all 
 divisions dining the past two years because of salary limitations. 
 
 We believe tin 1 Maryland public demands the best available 
 men to conduct tin 1 work of the institution. The reputation of the 
 College is hugely based upon the character of men who represent it. 
 We cannot afford to be parsimonious or to practice tin 1 false economy 
 of allowing our best men to leave tin 1 institution for w am of a living 
 wage. 
 
 The Expansion of the College and the Increased Demands 
 
 Made Upon All Divisions of the Institution Require 
 
 Larger Grants of Funds. 
 
 In an earlier pari of this statement it was shown that the State 
 of Maryland in the years 1910-1919 granted to the Maryland 
 state College for all purposes the sum of $1,021,084. Vet $705,084. 
 
 17 
 
or b ( .) per cent, of this sum was appropriated during the last three 
 years, and of this latter sum $174,000, or 24 per cent., was appro- 
 priated for an Agricultural Building. Had the policy of flic State 
 in the preceding years been more in accord with the policy of other 
 States in supporting their State College the present congestion and 
 overcrowding of the College in all of its departments would not 
 exist. Our lectin e-i coins and laboratories are filled to overflowing, 
 and any expansion in the number of the students is prevented. 
 Demands are made every day upon the several divisions of the 
 institution which cannot be met because of limited funds. 
 
 The State College is under a mandate 1 from tin 1 State to care 
 for a wide 1 range of work, and yet, unless the funds available for 
 carrying on such work are greatly increased, the institution cannot 
 adequately meet its obligations. The rendering of useful service to 
 the people of the State invariably increases the demands for more 
 and greater service. These demands constitute a valuable criterion 
 by which to measure the usefulness of the College to the State. It 
 is not fair or wise to limit the amount of such service that an insti- 
 tution can perform. 
 
 The People Want a State College Comparable With the 
 
 Resources of the State and of a Rank Similar 
 
 to Those of Other States. 
 
 The people of Maryland want a State College comparable to 
 those of other States, and there is every reason why they should 
 have it. 
 
 The Maryland State College is the only collegiate institution in 
 the State owned by the State and controlled by the State. So long 
 as the College remained a semi-private institution and the State did 
 not own the property there was a natural hesitancy on the part of 
 the members of the General Assembly to grant large sums of money 
 for plant or equipment. 
 
 But when the State took over the College and made it the 
 State College it assumed a responsibility which cannot be evaded. 
 The College as a State-owned institution should logically be the 
 crowning point of the State's public educational system. The people 
 of the State want good public schools, good high schools and good 
 normal schools. They also want the State institution for higher 
 education to be as good in quality and as high in rank as the 
 resources of tin 4 State will justify. 
 
 It has already been pointed out that other States of the Union 
 have found great profit and satisfaction out of the development of 
 their State Colleges. As a conspicuous example Kansas may be 
 noted. The history of the remarkable progress of that State from 
 actual poverty to unbounded prosperity is but the history of its edu- 
 cational development. The legislators of the State of Kansas in- 
 vested millions in their State College. Through the agencies of the 
 
 18 
 
College, tlms made capable and efficient, hundreds of millions of dol- 
 lars have been added to the wealth of the State. And the people 
 of Kansas are proud of their College because it is worthy of t lie best 
 traditions of the Stale. 
 
 Under the liberal and enlightened spirit which animated the 
 policy of the Legislature of Kansas towards its Slate College, Mary 
 land may have, and the people of the State desire her to have, an 
 institution which, in plant, equipment and ability to serve her peo- 
 ple, will rank with Michigan, Pennsylvania, Cornell, Kansas or 
 Wisconsin. 
 
 SPECIAL PROJECTS. 
 
 Livestock Sanitary Service. 
 
 The profitable growing of livestock depends in a large measure 
 upon the control- of such diseases as tuberculosis, glanders, ho^> 
 cholera, etc. The State has organized an efficient service to study 
 and control diseases. It is under the State Board of Agriculture, 
 and is known as the Livestock Sanitary Service. In co-operation 
 with the Bureau of Animal Industry of the United States depart- 
 ment of Agriculture, this service is engaged in eradicating these 
 diseases. Every dollar efficiently devoted to this work comes back 
 in larger and more economical production. The Board of Agricul- 
 ture is asking for the next two years for the conduct of this work, 
 including hog cholera eradication and the indemnities that must be 
 paid where animals are destroyed to prevent the spread of infection, 
 1331,000. 
 
 Dairy Inspection Service. 
 
 The Board of Agriculture has been requested by the Maryland 
 Commission appointed by the Governor to control the cost of neces- 
 saries of lite and prevent profiteering, to co-operate in an 
 attempl to improve the conditions controlling the milk supply. 
 Many phases of this work were already in progress under the direc- 
 tion of the Board in co-operation with the Women's Civic League 
 and other similar agencies, including the Dairymen's Association, 
 the milk distributors and others. One of the most needful things 
 not being attended to properly on account of lack of funds is the 
 dairy inspection work upon which the sanitary qualities of the milk 
 depend. The State Board of Health and Municipal Boards of 
 Bealth, as well as the State Board of Agriculture, are involved in 
 this problem, and their co-operation in working ou1 a Comprehensive 
 and eihVient co-operative inspection service has been requested. The 
 State Board has requested $105,000 to meet its share of this work 
 for the next two years. 
 
 19 
 
Marketing. 
 
 An item of $10,000 is requested in the budgel to provide for 
 marketing investigations and demonstrations. Willi limited funds 
 at its disposal the College lias conducted a number of investigations 
 of the systems of marketing perishable farm crops in several parts 
 of the State and in Baltimore City. Fanners have been assisted in 
 co-operative marketing of farm products and in purchasing farm 
 equipment and supplies to the extent of millions of dollars during 
 the past year. Tt is evident that there is much room for improve- 
 ment in the general marketing of farm products, including produc- 
 tion, grading, packing and distribution of perishable products; and 
 additional investigation is needed in order that hasty and ill-con- 
 sideied action in dealing with this large problem may not be taken. 
 Every legitimate effort should be made to reduce the costs in market 
 ing to both producer and consumer. 
 
 Beekeeping. 
 
 Beekeeping is becoming an important industry in Maryland. 
 At a time when the price of sugar has increased from 200 per cent, 
 to 300 per cent, above pre-war figures, the encouragement of honey 
 production is worthy of consideration. 
 
 Through the State Beekeepers' Association much assistance and 
 encouragement has been extended to the industry. In order that the 
 diseases and pests that threaten the progress of beekeeping may be 
 controlled the Legislature is asked to provide $3000 for adequate 
 inspection of bees and the encouragement of beekeeping in the 
 State. 
 
 The Eastern Branch of the College. 
 
 The Morrill Acts, making grants to the States for agricultural 
 and trade and industrial education, provided that a certain amount 
 of the grants should go for the education of the colored race. A 
 branch of Morgan College, at Princess Anne, Maryland, was early 
 designated to receive the grant and to conduct this work under the 
 supervision of the Maryland State College of Agriculture, and was 
 designated the Eastern Branch of that college. The arrangement 
 was continued under the new charter and steps were taken two years 
 ago to enlarge the work and to make the institution in fact an effi- 
 cient agent 1o provide for the colored people the type of education 
 contemplated by the Morrill Act. While the trustees of Morgan Col- 
 lege have given every possible assistance in developing this school, 
 sufficient funis have not been available to enable it to render the 
 service to the colored people of the State that it designed to render. 
 When the Maryland Agricultural College was reorganized as a State 
 institution, steps were taken to improve the Eastern Branch. Addi- 
 tional land was secured through an appropriation for that purpose 
 
 20 
 
by the last Legislative Assembly, and a plan for the enlargemenl of 
 the agricultural work inaugurated. For the nexl biennium money 
 has been requested to complete a dairy barn, pu1 in some drainage 
 and for additional equipment for (his work. A request lias also been 
 made Tor a building for laboratory and class work in agriculture and 
 mechanic arts. The total amount requested is $80,840. Morgan 
 College already provides the school with a number of school and dor 
 mitory buildings, about 100 acres of land, considerable equipment 
 and co-operates in the conduct of the work. The plan is to develop 
 as rapidly as possible an institution comparable to the l>es! schools 
 of its kind in the country under the strict supervision and control 
 of the State. 
 
 Total Appropriations Required. 
 
 The grand total, including the College, Extension Service, men 
 and women county agents, the Experiment Station, the State Board 
 of Agriculture, the Live Stock Sanitary Service, the Eastern Branch 
 and other lines under the control of the State Board of Trustees of 
 the College and the State Board of Agriculture is, for the first year. 
 General Maintenance, $859,918.39; the second year, General Mainte- 
 nance, $827,3G7.83, and for Land, Buildings, Equipment, etc., 
 $1,519,900, or a grand total for the two years of $3,207,186.22. While 
 this is a large sum, it is an investment that will develop and conserve 
 the State's great agricultural and industrial resources and conse- 
 quently its wealth. More than this, it helps to make efficient citizens 
 able to render the best service. These constitute the greatest asset 
 in any Commonwealth. 
 
 21