Instruction Book 86503A Supersedes 86503 RECORDING AND INTEGRATING FLOW METERS . ' e - * m V' i kK' v % fi ~ .• \ ,>'V * * • / Type F Type FA-4 Type FS-4 Type FW-4 : Nozzle Plugs Orifice Tubes Reducers Flow Tables GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY SCHENECTADY, N. Y. MAY, 1915 Instruction Book 86503A Supersedes 86503 UNfVK. ' IHAKV kOV 2 3 1915 RECORDING AND INTEGRATING FLOW METERS Type F Type FA-4 Type FS-4 Type FW-4 Nozzle Plugs Reducers Orifice Tubes Flow Tables GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY SCHENECTADY, N. Y. MAY, 1915 1 Fig. 1 4 INDEX 4 2 /■ 3 7 1. Installation of Nozzle Plug. ............ Illustration of example installation. Point of location. Space required for plug. Length of main required. Drilling and tapping. Obtaining exact pipe diameter. Setting the nozzle plug. Inspection of plug installation. 2. Location of Meter. ................... Distance and direction from nozzle plug. Special piping for elevated steam meter. 3. Piping Between Plug and Meter. ....... Size and kind of pipe. The proper connections to make. Pipe joints and cement. Pipe hangers. Cleaning the pipes. 4. Installing the Meter Description of the meter. To assemble the meter. Filling with water and mercury. Zero setting. Connecting and priming piping. Inspection of complete installation. 5. Operating, Adjustment and Reading. . . . To cut in the meter. To cut out the meter. Checking zero. Reading the meter. The radial flow planimeter. The integrating attachment. Changing charts. The clock. 6. General Information and Suggestions. . . Measurement of intermittent flow. Basis of calibration. Pipe reducers. Pipe reducer installation. Advantage of reducers. PAGE 8 14 14 15 28 39 INDEX (Continued) PAGE . 39 6. General Information and Suggestions Pipe bends. Water priming method. Extra valves. Elevated meter piping. Support for reservoirs. Nozzle plug marking. Effect of bad water. To clean piping. Water column test. Cleaning meter. Shipment. 7. Special Equipment and Supplies 56 Nozzle plug sizes. Nozzle plug dimensions. Reducer sizes. Reducer dimensions. Charts. .T Extra parts, tubes, floats, pinions, etc., etc. 8. Steam, Air and Water Flow Tables. 68 Orifice tubes. Main Fig. 3. LOCATION OF NOZZLE PLUG WHEN INSERTED NEAR ELBOW Note. — For water flow meters, always insert plug in the plane of a preceding elbow, as shown in lower view. For water the nozzle plug need not necessarily be horizontal. FLOW METERS FOR STEAM, AIR OR WATER TYPES F, FS-4, FA-4 AND FW-4 Introductory Carefully read this entire book before installing the nozzle plug and piping, or starting the meter. Some of the principal operations are illustrated by small marginal cuts and each view is marked with the paragraph number to which it refers. The rules are arranged in the working sequence suggested for the operations that are necessary to install the meter and adjust it to service. The meter connected to nozzle plug and calibrated for steam flow is referred to in these instructions. Reference notes regarding other meters and apparatus are introduced where necessary. Additional instructions for installing meters for air or water flow will be found in their proper sections. Definitions The Type F flow meter may be used for measuring for either steam, air or water. The meter does not have an indicating scale. The Types FS-4, FA-4 and FW-4 are steam, air and water meters with recording chart and indicating scale calibrated as desired. This meter can not be used interchangeably on steam, water and air. 86503 A-8 Recording and Integrating Flow Meters 1. INSTALLATION OF THE NOZZLE PLUG Example Installation Fig. 1 shows a front view of the Type FS-4 meter connected to nozzle plug in a vertical pipe. A close view of the nozzle plug is shown in Fig. 2. A part of the pipe is cut away to show the tube of the nozzle plug extending across the inside diameter. Location of Nozzle Plug (1) In selecting a location for nozzle plug in any line of pipe, allow space for the piping, valves and reservoirs at the plug. Note. — -For dimensions see Fig. 29.' : (2) The nozzle plug should be inserted in either a vertical or hori- zontal pipe. (3) The pipe should have a straight run of at least 8 pipe diam- eters preceding the leading side of the nozzle plug. That is, if the inside pipe diameter is 6 in., the pipe should be straight for at least 48 in. See Fig. 3. It is evident that a straight run greater than 8 pipe diameters will be satisfactory. (l) (2) (3) Note. — For exception as to boiler outlets and reducers near elbows, see Figs. 14, 15 and 17. For water meters, Fig. 16. Recording and Integrating Flow Meters 86503 A— 9 ) Drilling and Tapping (4) Drill and tap the main hori- zontally for air or steam, and in line with the pipe diameter for a 3^-in., in., or 1-in. pipe thread, depend- ing upon the size of nozzle plug to be used. See Figs. 29 and 30. With a nozzle plug screwed in tightly the distance from the outside of the pipe to the first flange on the plug should be approximately yq in. Drill and tap the main for a pressure gauge and a thermometer well, if necessary. The pressure gauge may be tapped into the main ahead of the nozzle plug but the thermometer well must be inserted beyond the nozzle plug. When drilling and tapping the main for the insertion of the nozzle plug, pressure gauge or thermometer well, care should be taken that no chips get inside of the main and thence into an engine or turbine, or other apparatus. A slight pressure inside the pipe will often prevent this from occurring. In certain cases it may be advantageous to remove the section of pipe before drilling and tapping. For a vertical pipe, the flanges below the point of , drilling may be slightly spread and the chips caught on a thin sheet of metal inserted between the flanges. Obtaining Exact Diameter of Pipe (5) After the hole in the main is drilled and tapped to receive the plug, the inner diameter of the pipe should be carefully measured, as pipes vary considerably from the rated diameters. 86503A-10 Recording and Integrating Flow Meters Fig. 3 shows a convenient form of gauge for measuring the internal diameter of the pipe. It is made from a piece of brass about % in. wide and ye in* thick. Its length will depend upon the diameter of the pipe to be measured. Make the distance marked “pipe diameter” a little longer than the internal diameter of the pipe and then file off the N L-shaped projection until the gauge just fits the pipe when inserted in the hole drilled for the nozzle plug. This eliminates any effect of the burr caused by drilling. (6) Mains are often not exactly circular and if very accurate results are desired from the meter, and it is not possible to measure the average internal diameter at the nozzle plug, measure several external diameters of the pipe where the nozzle plug is inserted. Compare these measurements with the external diameter in line with the nozzle plug. If these outside diameters vary, calculate their respective internal diameters and take the mean as the actual internal diameter. Setting the Plug (7) Screw the nozzle plug into the main, noting that when the plug is made tight the arrow on the plug must point in the direction of flow. Fig. 4 shows the four possible posi- tions for plug. < i Recording and Integrating Flow Meters 86508 A-ll 86503 A-12 Recording and Integrating Flow Meters Connecting the Nipples and Valves (8) Screw the two bent sections of pipe into the two holes marked L and T which lie in the same hori- zontal plane and which.; are marked X in Fig. 4. ^ .. (9) Close the other holes L and T on the nozzle plug with the two long plugs. (10) Screw the two valves on to the two bent sections of pipe. (11) Screw the nipple! into the valves. (12) And lastly screw the reser- voirs on to the nipples. (13) Cylindrical reservoirs must be located with the ends marked “TOP” at the top. (14) Take care that the bent pipes and reservoirs for air or steam meters are level in all directions. Determine this by using a straight edge and spirit level. For water flow meters the leveling of these pipes is unnecessary. Inspection of Plug Installation (15) Be sure the arrow on the head of the plug points in the direction of flow in the main. I I Recording and Integrating Flow Meters 86503 A-13 ( 17 ) (16) The correct size of pipe or reducer, for which a nozzle plug is designed, is stamped upon the head of the plug. (17) For steam flow the nozzle plug and valve stems must be level. See that the reservoirs are level, one with the other across their tops. (18) The extra holes L and T must be plugged. (19) The reservoirs, used for steam flow, must have the ends marked “TOP” at the top. (20) Valve stems must be packed, glands secure and allow absolutely no leaks at joints, valve stems, or valves. ( 20 ) 86503 A~H Recording and Integrating Flow Meters 2. LOCATION OF METER (21) The meter may be located in any convenient place not subject to severe vibration and where it can be protected from damage and from freezing. The distance between the meter and nozzle plug is immaterial. Meters 800 feet from plug are in operation. The air and the water meter may be located either above or below the nozzle plug. For locating the steam meter above nozzle plug, special rules for piping must be followed. Refer to Fig. 19. The horizontal piping between plug and meter must* slope toward the meter to prevent pocketing. 3. PIPING BETWEEN NOZZLE PLUG AND METER (22) Standard iron pipe is recommended. (23) Provide piping that will connect the sides L and T at the nozzle plug to the respective sides L and T of the meter. (24) Use pipe cement sparingly and on male threads only. (25) Cut all thread joints long and clean. (26) Make up all thread joints extra tight. (27) Do not lag the pipes L and T but locate them where freezing temperature cannot reach them. (28) Properly support the piping by pipe hangers where necessary, for protection against displacement or sagging. Recording and Integrating Flow Meters 86503 A-15 (29) Blow out the pipes thor- oughly by opening wide the valves L and T under full pressure. (30) Do this before connecting the pipes to the meter. (31) Let the steam blow for three minutes during which time rap the pipes to dislodge all loose scale or dirt. 4. INSTALLING THE METER (32) Provide a rigid table, shelf or bracket, with top surface level, for the meter. (33) A universal wall bracket can be supplied for mounting meters on boiler fronts or other places. Description of the Meter The body of the meter is of cast iron. The form illustrated in Fig. 5 is used for all types here described. Fig. 8 shows an interior view of the meter body, with the internal mech- anism in place and part of the casting cut away. The internal mechanism is shown removed from the meter in Fig. 9. Refer to sectional view Fig. 7. The base of the meter is about half filled with mercury, which supports the iron float in the tube. In meters for steam or water, it is necessary to fill the meter and pipes above the mercury surface with water. The water priming must not be done in the case of air meters. The pressure dif- ferential, due to the flow of the stream being metered, displaces the mercury 86503 A-16 Recording and Integrating Flow Meters Fig. 5. INDICATING-RECORDING, INTEGRATING FLOW METER Recording and Integrating Flow Meters 86503 A— 17 0/OW off Va/i/es To Nozz/e P/uq or Or/ffce Tuihe. Fig. 6 REAR VIEW 86503 A-l 8 Recording and Integrating Flow Meters Fig. 7. CROSS SECTION, INDICATING-RECORDING FLOW METER A Boss for attaching bracket lamp B Indicating scale plate C Indicating pointer D Plate holding chart E Copper plug F Pinion G Clock H U magnet I Sector J Glass in door K Recording pen L Shaft connecting recording pen to sector M Case containing external mech- anism N Mercury well * O Float P Rack Q Pinion engaging rack R Bearings S U magnet T Bracket supporting internal mechanism U Dome for rack when float is raised Recording and Integrating Flow Meters 86503 A— 19 Fig. 8. G-E FLOW METER, CASTING SPLIT TO SHOW MECHANISM 86503 A-20 Recording and Integrating Flow Meters Pinion RacK Fig. 9 INTERNAL MECHANISM Recording and Integrating Flow Meters 86503 A-21 and thereby the internal float mech- anism which constitutes the prime moving element of the meter. This pressure difference is conveyed from the nozzle plug to the meter by the two pipes L and T. For a given rate of flow, the mercury and the float will be deflected a definite distance up the tube. The float is geared by rack and pinion to a cross shaft which carries a permanent .U-shaped mag- net as shown. The magnet poles face toward the copper cap bolted over the opening in the meter body. It is well to see that all bolts holding the copper cap and the meter base are tight so there will be no leakage at either place. The external mech- anism of the meter has a shaft in axial alignment with the inner shaft and carrying a similar magnet. Thus, magnetism is used to trans- mit the motion from interior to exterior of meter body. The outer shaft turns synchronously with the inner shaft, moving the indicating needle, recording pen and integrat- ing cam. The outer case of the meter contains the record chart and driving clock, also the indicating scale, the indicating needle, the recording pen and integrating attach- ment. To Assemble the Meter (34) Remove the meter body from the packing case and set it up- right with the cover plate removed. Carefully remove the external mechanism, complete with recording pens and brass jigs from its box. Place it inside the meter case over 86503A-22 Recording and Integrating Flow Meters the two dowel pins and fasten it firmly with the three cap screws. Carefully remove the pieces of felt from under the indicating needle, and the felt and string from the integrating attachment, if the meter is equipped with such a device. Mount one of the glass pens on the pen arm. Mercury Priming (35) Remove the cover plate, open crossover valve and fill the meter with clean water. (36) Then pour into the casting the 10 pounds of mercury shipped with the meter. Remove the internal mechanism and sleeve from its box, and lower the sleeve into position in the meter body so that the hole in the bottom of the sleeve fits over the correspond- ing pin in the base of the meter. Then fasten sleeve in position by the small screw and washer at the top of the sleeve rod. (37) . Examine internal mecha- nism, see that the magnet clears the frame ^ in. and that it will rotate freely when float is lifted. Recording and Integrating Flow Meters 86503 A— 23 (38) Lower the float of the inter- nal mechanism carefully into the hole in the sleeve so that the float rests on the mercury, and then fasten the internal bracket in position with the two screws. (39) To change the internal mechanism, proceed as follows: Re- move cover plate from meter. Take out the two screws and lift out the internal mechanism. Remove water from the meter until the screw hold- ing the sleeve is exposed. This screw is about 6 in. below the cover plate. Remove this screw and pull out the sleeve. Install new sleeve, taking care that the hole engages with the pin at the bottom of the meter. This will bring the rod pro- jecting above the sleeve opposite the screw hole. Rotate the swivel handle at the top of this rod until it lies flat against the inside of the meter. Fasten the sleeve in position with the screw. To change the shaft of internal mechanism, loosen screws holding the rods supporting idler pulley frame, and move this frame away from the rack. Remove pivot support, being very careful not to damage pivot points. Remove shaft and magnet. Install magnet on new shaft and then install the new shaft in the frame. Pull out the small pin at the top of the circular rack. Replace rack and float by new ones having the same number as the new sleeve and gear. Adjust idler pulley frame so that the circular rack will not bind with the pinion at any point of its travel. Install internal mech- anism in meter and note position of recording pen or indicating needle. 86503A-84 Recording and Integrating Flow Meters If necessary, remove the internal mechanism and adjust the magnet so that the needle and pen can be brought to zero and yet travel over the full scale. Put in the screws holding the internal mechanism and fill the meter with water. Put on cover plate, and fasten tightly. (40) The outer magnet, gear and clock can be inspected if plate D (Fig. 7) is removed by unscrewing the three supporting screws. Zero Setting Unpack the indicating scale plate and place it in position in the meter case, passing the large slot carefully over the indicating needle. Then rotate the scale to its proper position. (41) With meter level and full of water but still disconnected from piping, the cross over valve open and cover plate off, the indicator needle and recording pen can be adjusted to zero. (43) Move the indicating scale so that the nut which holds the pen is visible. (44) Loosen this nut and adjust recording pen to read zero on the chart. (45) Tighten the nut. (46) Then adjust the indicating scale slightly so that the indicator reads zero. (47) If the indicator cannot be brought to zero by shifting the dial slightly, remove the internal mecha- nism and rotate the magnet to the right or left as necessary. Recording and Integrating Flow Meters 86503 A-25 (48) In making adjustments, avoid shifting the magnet endwise on shaft. The magnet must have ^ in. clearance on all sides. If the pen and indicating needle do not come back to zero, there may be excessive pen pressure on the paper chart, too great pressure between the integrating record wheel and the paper, or there may be excessive bearing friction in the pivot bearings supporting the integrating mechanism. (49) When the magnet is ad- justed so that the indicating scale and pen rest at zero' and can also be given their full range of movement by raising and lowering the float rack with the fingers, the meter is ready to close. (50) Before replacing the cover plate, completely fill the meter with water. (51) Then replace cover plate and fasten pressure tight. Remove the plug from top of cap on cover plate, and completely fill this cap with water. Then replace this plug. Note. — Air meters are not primed with water. Connecting and Priming the Meter Pipes (52) Connect the meter to the two pipes leading to the reservoirs. 86503 A-26 Recording and Integrating Flow Meters Be sure that the pipe L of the meter is connected to the L side of the plug, and the other side T to T. See Fig. 63. (53) When filling with water all air must be removed from the pipes L and T without overdeflecting the mercury. (54) This is easily done by watching the recording pen. Proceed as follows for steam: (55) With pressure in the main pipe open cross over valve. (57) Open the two blow off valves and the meter valves, Fig. 6. (58) Carefully open the valves L and T at the nozzle plug, about turn of the stems, so that steam will slowly drive all air out of both pipes and flow out of the blow off valves, thus preventing re-entrance of air. (59) While the steam is flowing out, close both blow off valves. (60) Close valve T and wait until the pipes cool sufficiently to show that the steam flowing in slowly through valve L has con- densed and filled both pipes with water. (61) Then open wide valve L. Recording and Integrating Flow Meters 86503 A-27 - — 1 T l|L|f ‘Wl 1 M \&/Tj 1 J TTlffl (62) Then close cross over valve. (63) And finally open valve T. (64) The meter will then register the flow. (65) It is essential for accurate operation of either the steam or water meter, that all pipes up to and including the reservoirs be com- pletely full of water. Any air which may have been trapped in either the meter or piping by improper filling will cause the meter to indicate incorrectly. (66) All joints in the meter pipes, nozzle plug, valves, etc., must be absolutely tight. If there are any leaks, no matter how small, the meter will not indicate correctly. SPECIAL INFORMATION FURNISHED If it is not possible to locate the nozzle plug or meter according to the rules given, a sketch showing the plan and elevation with dimen- sions of the particular piping should be forwarded to nearest office of the General Electric Company (see list on last page) who will advise the best location for the nozzle plug and meter. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED METER INSTALLATION With pressure on the meter and no flow in the main, valves L and T open and cross over valve closed, the following must be true if the meter is in proper condition: 1. Absolutely no leaks. 2. The meter level. 3. The proper pipe connections. 4. The meter registering zero as first adjusted. 5. The meter piping cold. 86503 A-28 Recording and Integrating Flow Meters 5. OPERATING, ADJUSTMENT AND READING To Cut in the Meter Always operate the valves in the following order when starting a meter: First open the cross over valve. Then open the valve L. Then close the cross over valve and open tho valve T. The meter will then register the flow. To Cut Out the Meter Close valves L and T and open cross over valve in the order given. To Check Zero Cut out the meter by closing valves L and T and opening cross over valve. The indicating needle will then read zero. Caution When steam is off the main line, the meter will not necessarily read zero unless the cross over valve is open. To Read the Indicating-Recording Meters, Types FS-4, FA-4 and FW-4 The conditions for which the meter is calibrated will be found on the name plate. In addition to the serial number, type, etc., the name plate gives the pipe diameter, pressure, the kind and the quality of the fluid for which the indicating scale is calibrated. It shows in what units the meter is calibrated. It also gives the multiplying constant to be applied to all readings of ' indicating scale, recording chart and integrating attachment. As an example, one of the numerous plates is illustrated in Fig. 10. Fig. 10. FLOW METER NAME PLATE It will be seen that this plate is for a Type FS-4 meter, calibrated to measure steam at 150 pounds gauge superheated 5 deg. F., when flowing through a pipe in. in diameter. The calibration is in boiler horse power, the basis being 30 pounds per hour. The reading of the Recording and Integrating Flow Meters 86503 A-29 indicating scale is to be multiplied by 10 to obtain the boiler horse power. The recording scale reading is to be multiplied by 119 to obtain the boiler horse power. Now if the indicating needle registers 50, this figure multiplied by the constant 10 for the indicator, gives 500 as the boiler h.p. and if the pen registers 4.2 this figure, multiplied by the constant 119 also gives 500 as the boiler h.p. To Read the Recording Meter, Type F To read the Type F meter, the operator must determine the multiplying constants from the general instructions here furnished. The charts are ruled either for the nozzle plug, or for the orifice tube and are marked accordingly. The meter can be equipped with any one of seven sizes of internal mechanisms, floats and sleeves. The various sizes have been provided to secure a good location on the chart for the pen line, and thereby obtain accurate measure- ments under widely varying conditions. To illustrate, when the velocity of flow is low, mechanism No. 1, which has a large diameter float and small diameter gear, should be used. If the velocity of flow is high use mechanism No. 7, which has a float small in diameter and a large diameter gear. For intermediate conditions use the most suit- able mechanism. To enable the user of Type F meters to select the mechanism most suitable for any given conditions, the following multipliers can be used to determine the range limit of the meter when equipped with any one of the several mechanisms. These multipliers must be used in connection with the flow tables in the back of this book as the maximum flow figures in the flow tables are for meters equipped with internal mechanism No. 7. Mechanism Number Multiplier for Maximum Figures in Flow Tables 7 1.00 6 0.90 5 0.75 4 0.65 3 0.55 2 0.46 1 0.40 Note that it is necessary to reduce the float tube diameter by inserting the proper sleeve when using any one of mechanisms 1 to 7 inclusive. The multiplying constant for the pen readings is derived from the following factors: 8650SA-30 Recording and Integrating Flow Meters 1. The internal diameter of the pipe, pipe reducer, or the orifice tube dimensions. 2. The pressure of the fluid. 3. The quality of the fluid. 4. The internal mechanism, according to number of same. 5. The type of nozzle plug, normal or high velocity. To enable the operator to obtain the constant for a given com- bination of these variable factors, the diagrams No. 11-B, 12-B and 13-B for nozzle plugs, for steam, air and water have been prepared. Diagrams No. 14, 15 and 16 have been prepared for orifice tubes. It will be noted that the constants are such that the readings obtained will be in the units most appropriate for the fluid being metered. Factors for certain other fluids than the above can be furnished. To use the diagrams, assume for the purpose of illustration that it is desired to find the constant for the following combination: 1. 83^8 in. internal diameter of main. 2. 170 lb. G. steam pressure. 3. 100 deg. F. superheat. 4. Internal mechanism No. 6. 5. Normal velocity nozzle plug. Refer to diagram 11-B (for steam). Read up from 83d* in. measured internal pipe diameter to intersection with curve 1. From this point read to the scale of curve 1 and determine the value of Ki —7350. Read upward from the quality scale at 100 deg. F. superheat to curve 2, and thence to the left to obtain K 2 =0.927. Read upward from 170 on the pressure scale to curve 3, and thence to the left to obtain K 3 = 1.055. From the tabulation obtain Kcp = 1.00 for mechanism^ No. 6. For the normal velocity nozzle plug K 4 = 1. (For the high velocity nozzle plug K 4 = 1.5.) Multiply Ki, K- 2 , K 3 , K 4 and Kcp together and obtain the multi- plying constant, thus: 7350X0.927X1.055X1X1=7298. To use the constant assume the pen is registering with line 6 of the chart. Then the constant 7298X6=43,788 — the rate of flow in pounds of steam per hour. Recording and Integrating Flow Meters 86503 A-31 Pipe reducers for water flow require special values of K\. Throat Diameter of Reducer for Water in Inches Ki for Diagram No. 13-B 2 10.1 2M 13.25 2^ 17.2 2 M 21.45 3 25.2 3K 34.4 4 45.2 4fY 57.4 5 71.2 5/dj 86.4 6 103.0 7 140.4 8 184.4 8^ 210.4 10 292.0 The Flow Meter Planimeter Since the chart divisions are not uniformly spaced, an ordinary polar planimeter is not satisfactory for the determination of the average pen reading. To obtain from the recording chart curve the total quantity of fluid delivered during an interval of time, the flow line must be inte- grated with a flow meter planimeter unless the meter is provided with an integrating attachment. (See Fig. 11.) The planimeter for the charts is a special form of instrument. The instrument has separate cams for planimetering charts made with nozzle plug and with orifice tube. The integrating device has separate cams for nozzle plug and orifice tube service. Complete instructions for using the planimeter are furnished herewith. RADIAL FLOW METER PLANIMETER, TYPE P-2 The radial flow meter planimeter, which includes a planimeter, case and base plate, is a device manufactured by the General Electric Company, Schenectady, N. Y., to integrate the flow line on the charts taken by G-E recording flow meters, Types FS-4, FA-4, FW-4 and F. Chart Place the chart on the base plate. Replace the circular weight for holding the paper down. Cams Different cams are used depending upon whether the chart is from a meter connected to a nozzle plug or orifice tube. 86503 A-32 Recording and Integrating Flow Meters When two cams are supplied, care must be taken that the correct cam is used. Each cam is complete with a tracing arm and point. The one for use with nozzle plug is marked N2 and the one for use with orifice tube is marked 02 . To Change Cams To remove a cam, loosen the set screw at the bottom of the tracing arm and then disconnect the spring. To insert a cam, first place the spring on the post, then place the cam in position, adjust the pivot, and tighten the set screw. To Integrate Mount the planimeter upon the bed plate. Set the tracing pointer on the zero flow line of the chart. Move the tracing pointer from the zero flow line on a constant time line to the flow line to be integrated. Move this tracing pointer over the flow line as far as it is desired to integrate and lastly move the tracing pointer back to the zero flow line on a constant time line. Planimeter Reading The difference between the initial and final readings of the dials is the net planimeter reading. To Read the Planimeter One complete revolution of the friction wheel or 1/10 revolution of the large wheel is equivalent to 10 . Therefore, if the pointer on the large wheel registers between 4 and 5, and the pointer on the friction wheel registers midway between 2 and 3, the planimeter reading is 42.5. If the initial reading was 11.3 and the final reading is 42.5, the net planimeter reading is 42.5 — 11.3 or 31.2. To Calculate the Total Flow during a Given Interval For Types FS-4, FA-4, FW-4 and F Meters with Nozzle Plug Chart (a) For Steam: Total flow in lb. = Net planimeter reading X4.1 XKi K 2 K 3 K 4 K. c p Revolutions of chart in 24 hours Use diagram No. 11 -B for values of Ki K 2 K 3 and K c p K 4 = 1 for normal velocity nozzle plug. K 4 = 1.5 for high velocity nozzle plug. Recording and Integrating Flow Meters 86503 A— 33 For total flow in boiler h.p. hr., divide above result by the number of lb. in 1 boiler h.p. hr. 30 lb. is usually taken equal to 1 boiler h.p. hr. ( b ) For Air: Total flow in cu. ft. at 14.7 lb. abs., 70 deg. F. = Net planimeter reading X 4.1 X Ki K 2 K 3 K 3 K C ^X60 Revolutions of chart in 24 hours Use diagram No. 12-B for values of Ki K 2 K 4 and K c p K4 = 1 for normal velocity nozzle plug. K4 = 1.5 for high velocity nozzle plug. (c) For Water: Total flow in U.S. gallons, 39 deg. F. = Net planimeter reading X4.1 XKi K 2 K 4 K^X60 Revolutions of chart in 24 hours Fig. 11. RADIAL PLANIMETER FOR G-E RECORDING METER Use diagram No. 13-B for values of Ki K 2 and ¥L c p K4 = 1 for normal velocity nozzle plug. K4 = 1.5 for high velocity nozzle plug. For total flow in lb. multiply above result by 8.34. For total flow in boiler h.p. hr. divide flow in lb. by the number of lb. in 1 boiler h.p. hr. 30 lb. is usually taken equal to 1 boiler h.p. hr. Pipe reducers for water flow require special values of K\. 86503 A-34 Recording and Integrating Flow Meters For Types FS-4, FA-4, FW-4 and F Meter with Orifice Tube Chart ( d ) For Steam: Total flow in lb. = Net dial reading X4.1 XK XK x XK 2 XK^ Revolutions in 24 hours Use diagram No. 14 for values for K Ki K 2 and K c p For total flow in bbiler h.p. hr. divide above results by the number of lb. in 1 boiler h.p. hr. 30 lb. is usually taken equal to 1 boiler h.p. hr. (e) For Air: Total flow in cu. ft. at 14.7 lb. abs., 70 deg. F. = Net dial reading X4.1 XKXKiXK 2 X K c p X 60 Revolutions of chart in 24 hours Use diagram No. 15 for values of K Ki K 2 K c p (/) For Water: Total flow in U.S. gallons, 39 deg. F. = Net dial reading X 4.1 X K X Ki X W c p X 60 Revolutions in 24 hours Use diagram No. 16 for values of K Ki and K c p For total flow in lb. multiply above results by 8.34. For total flow in boiler h.p. hr. divide flow in lb. by the number of lb. in 1 boiler h.p. hr. 30 lb. is usually taken equal to 1 boiler h.p. hr. The planimeter equipment comprises a circular plate for holding the chart and pivoting the instrument. Separate cams, which are interchangeable, are necessary for using the meter on nozzle plug and orifice tube charts. A jig is furnished with each planimeter for checking up the instru- ment. The following table shows the net planimeter readings which should be obtained from the various chart lines or by using this jig. Position of Tracing Point on Chart Correct Net Planimeter Reading for One Revolution of Chart 9 52.65 6 35.1 3 17.55 0 0 The Integrating Attachment The integrating attachment can be applied to any of these record- ing meters. The mechanism comprises figured dials, having indicating needles that are operated by a planimeter wheel, which in turn is driven by the chart. The planimeter wheel is shifted for changing flow values by a cam attached to the pen shaft. (See Fig. 12.) Recording and Integrating Flow Meters 86503 A-35 To Assemble the Integrating Attachment First, rotate the indicating scale so that the nut at the lower left-hand side is visible. Loosen this nut. Place the sector supporting the cam and recording pen on this shaft, then tighten nut so that the recording pen reads zero at the same time the indicating pointer reads zero. Next, mount the integrating device on the pivot points at the lower right-hand side of the chart. This device should be in perfect balance about these pivot points. The friction wheel on the dial mechanism should now rest firmly against the paper with the knife edge between the two cams. When in this position, the angle of the record wheel will be changed relative to the paper travel whenever the flow, as indicated by the recording pen and indicating needle, is changed. A spring is provided with an adjustable Fig. 12. G-E INDICATING-RECORDING, INTEGRATING FLOW METER WITH LAMP nut so as to vary the tension of the friction wheel on the paper. If there is any vibration of the meter, the spring should be adjusted so as to hold the friction wheel firmly against the paper. With the indicating needle and recording pen on zero, the integrating device should also read zero. This can readily be tried out by revolving the paper chart by hand. The friction wheel should not rotate at zero flow. 86503A-36 Recording and Integrating Flow Meters If it is necessary to increase the readings of the integrating device, move the lever carrying the small knife edge either down, to the left, or both. To Read the Dials One complete revolution of right-hand pointer or 1/10 revolution of middle pointer is equivalent to 10. Therefore, if the pointer on the middle dial registers between 4 and 5, and the pointer on the right-hand dial registers midway between 2 and 3, the integrating dial reading is 42.5. If the initial reading was 11.3 and the final reading is 42.5, the net dial reading is 42.5 — 11.3 or 31.2. Read the dials from right to left. To Check Integrating Attachment If it is desired to check the accuracy at any time fasten the meter mechanism in position so that the recording pen reads at the 3, 6 or 9 line, using the brass jig. Then, by revolving the paper chart, the dial reading can be observed. The following table gives the correct net dial reading of the dials for one complete revolution of the paper chart. Correct net dial reading for one revolution of paper chart Position of recording pen on chart From To 0 0 0 15.0 15.6 3 30.3 30.9 6 45.6 46.2 9 A jig is furnished for setting the pivot points on which the inte- grating mechanism swings. This will be needed if, for any reason, this arm has been removed. To use this jig, remove the sector supporting the cam and recording pen. Remove the paper chart, also the 54-in. center piece on which it rests. Place the Y^-'vn. hole of the jig on the clock shaft and the 34-in. hole on the pen shaft. The jig must rest securely and firmly against the chart plate. Adjust the arm carrying the integrating attachment until the pivot point rests exactly at the center of the post on the jig. At the same time check setting of pen as follows: Without removing jig, place the sector supporting cam and recording pen on pen shaft. With the pen point registering with the center punch mark in the jig, the pin on the jig should lie between the two cams and against the lower cam. In other words: Raise the cam sector so that there is no clearance between the pin and the lower cam. Recording and Integrating Flow Meters 86503 A-37 The pen point should then register with the center punch mark in the jig. If the pen arm has been twisted so the pen point does not register, it should be straightened. It is seldom necessary to loosen the screw holding the pen arm to the sector. Then reassemble meter. If the clock is removed for cleaning, it should be relocated as follows: Remove the chart plate. Place one 3d* -in. hole i n the jig over the pen shaft. Fasten the jig in position, by a screw through the other 3^-in. hole in the jig, to the upper post which supports the chart plate. The clock shaft must register with the %-in. hole in the jig. Tighten the four screws supporting the clock frame and remove the jig. These devices are carefully adjusted and tested at the factory and should operate correctly without further tests or adjustment. The jig spoken of above is merely for the purpose of checking up and testing these devices, if this is desired. To Obtain the Total Flow During a Given Interval: For Types FS-4, FA-4 and FW-4 Meters Multiply the net dial reading by the integrating dial constant given on the name plate. For the above example: Total flow = constant from name plate X31.2. Special Note: The name plates state whether the integrating dial readings are in pounds, cubic feet, U.S. gallons or boiler h.p. hours. For Type F Meter with Nozzle Plug Chart (a) For Steam: Total flow in lb. = Net dial reading X 4.7 X Ki K 2 K 3 K 4 I Qp Revolutions of chart in 24 hours Use diagram No. 11-B for values of Ki K 2 K 4 and K c p K4 = 1 for normal velocity nozzle plug. K4 = 1.5 for high velocity nozzle plug. For total flow in boiler h.p. hours divide above result by the number of pounds in 1 boiler h.p. hour. 30 pounds is usually taken equal to 1 boiler h.p. hour. (b) For Air: Total flow in cu. ft. at 14.7 lb. abs., 70 deg. F. = Net dial reading X4. 7 X Ki K 2 K 3 K 4 K C ^X60 Revolutions of chart in 24 hours Use diagram No. 12-B for values of Ki K 2 K 3 and ¥L c p K4 = 1 for normal velocity nozzle plug. K4 = 1.5 for high velocity nozzle plug. 86503 A-38 Recording and Integrating Flow Meters (c) For Water: Total flow in U.S. gallons, 39 deg. F. =" Net dial reading X 4.7 XK a K 2 K 4 K c pX60 Revolutions of chart in 24 hours Use diagram No. 13-B for values of. Ki K 2 and K c p K4 = 1 for normal velocity nozzle plug. K4 = 1.5 for high velocity nozzle plug Pipe reducers for water flow require special values of K\. For total flow in pounds multiply this result by 8.34. For total flow in boiler h.p. hours divide flow in pounds by the number of pounds in 1 boiler h.p. hour. 30 pounds is usually taken equal to 1 boiler h.p. hour. For Type F Meter with Orifice Tube (d) For Steam: Total flow in lb. = Net dial readme X4. 7 XKXKiX K^X'Kcp Revolutions in 24 hours Use diagram No. 14 for values of K Ki K 2 and K c p For total flow in boiler h.p. hours divide above result by the number of pounds in 1 boiler h.p. hour. 30 pounds is usually taken equal to 1 boiler h.p. hour. ( e ) For Air: Total flow in cu. ft. at 14.7 lb. abs., 70 deg. F. = Net dial reading X4.7 XK XKi XK? XK^ X60 Revolutions in 24 hours Use diagram No. 15 for values of K Ki K 2 K c p (/) For Water: Total flow in U. S. gallons, 39 deg. F. = Net dial reading X4.7 XKXKi XK c p X60 Revolutions in 24 hours Use diagram No. 16 for values of K Ki and K c p For total flow in pounds multiply above results by 8.34. For total flow in boiler h.p. hours divide flow in pounds by the number of pounds in 1 boiler h.p. hour. 30 pounds is usually taken equal to 1 boiler h.p. hour. Note: The friction wheel must be directly in line with the pivot points. To check this, rotate the integrating mechanism about the pivot points. The friction wheel must not turn. Changing Charts When fastening the chart in place, see that it is gripped centrally and that its edge is under the several clips around the circumference. Do not strain the clock shafts by tightening the knurled nut too much. Recording and Integrating Flow Meters 86503 A-39 The Clock The clock should be wound every 24 hours. Charts can be fur- nished with time lines suitable for a speed of one revolution in either 1,8, 12 or 24 hours. Separate clocks can be furnished for the several chart speeds. 6. GENERAL INFORMATION AND SUGGESTIONS Operation of Steam Flow Meters on Steady Flow The meters are carefully calibrated before leaving the factory to operate under steady flow conditions, such as occur when supplying steam to steady flow turbines, heating systems, manufacturing pro- cesses, departments of a factory, etc. Operation of Steam Flow Meters on Reciprocating Engines and Pumps G-E steam flow meters will not accurately measure steam supplied to reciprocating engines and pumps if the flow by the nozzle plug, pipe reducer or orifice tube is periodically intermittent. The flow of steam by the nozzle plug, pipe reducer or orifice tube will be steady and accurate results secured from the meter, if sufficient receiver effect can be secured between the engine and nozzle plug, pipe reducer or orifice tube, either by putting in a receiver or by having a run of steam pipe, the volume of which will act as a receiver, and be sufficient to supply to the apparatus the instantaneous amount of steam needed. Operation of Water Flow Meters on Steady Flow G-E water flow meters are carefully calibrated before leaving the factory to operate under steady flow conditions, such as occur when measuring water flowing by gravity or delivered by centrifugal pumps. Operation of Water Flow Meters on Reciprocating Pumps The meters will give accurate results when measuring water delivered by reciprocating pumps, provided the water flow at the point of installing the nozzle plug, pipe reducer or orifice tube is not peri- odically intermittent. This condition will not occur if the reciprocating pumps are fitted with air chambers which are of sufficient capacity to eliminate pulsations in the water mains. If the pump should not have an air chamber, one must be installed either on the pump itself or on the water main. Operation of Air Flow Meters on Steady Flow All G-E air flow meters are carefully calibrated before leaving the factory to operate under steady flow conditions such as occur when measuring air delivered by rotary compressors. Operation of Air Flow Meters on Reciprocating Compressors The meters will give accurate results when measuring air com- pressed by reciprocating as well as rotary compressors, provided the 86503 A- 1+0 Recording and Integrating Flow Meters flow at the point of installing the nozzle plug, pipe reducer or orifice tube is not periodically intermittent. This condition will not occur if the compressor is fitted with the proper size and kind of receiver. BASIS OF CALIBRATION Steam The indicating scale figures and the recording chart constants are based on a given combination of pipe diameter, quality and pressure. The pressure stamped upon the name plate means actual steam pressure in the main at the nozzle plug, as indicated by gauge when the barometric pressure is 29.92 in. of mercury, or 14.7 lb. absolute pres- sure, unless calibration for some other barometric pressure has been requested. If the steam pressure in the main is appreciably higher than the calibration the instrument will read low and vice versa. For example, assume the meter to be calibrated for 150 lb. gauge at 14.7 lb. baro- metric pressure (164.7 lb. absolute). Now if the pressure in the main is high, say 162.5 lb. gauge and at the same time the barometric pres- sure is low, assume 12.2 lb. (absolute pressure 174.7), the meter will read 3 per cent low. If the steam pressure varies equally above and below the normal calibration pressure, which is not unusual, the plus and minus errors will, of course, balance each other. Air The volumetric basis of calibration for all air flow meters is cubic feet per minute of free air at 14.7 lb. absolute pressure and 70 deg. F. temperature. Water The basis of calibration of all water meters is gallons per minute (U.S. Standard, 231 cu. in.) at a temperature of 39.1 deg. F. PIPE REDUCERS WITH NORMAL VELOCITY REDUCER NOZZLE PLUGS FOR STEAM, AIR OR WATER In cases where the velocity of flow of the steam, water or air is too low to be accurately measured with normal velocity nozzle plugs, pipe reducers are used. This reducer consists of a metal cylinder with rounded approach inserted between and held in place by the two flanges of a pipe. To prevent leakage where the pipe flange surfaces are rough, a thin gasket on each side of the reducer’s flange can be used. A reducer nozzle plug is screwed into the pipe and projects through a hole in the pipe reducer itself. It extends across the throat of the reducer as shown in Fig. 13. Recording and Integrating Flow Meters 86503 A-I^l No appreciable drop in pressure is produced by the use of the pipe reducer because the velocity of flow through the reducer is not raised above a value considered good operating practice for a pipe whose diameter is the same as the diameter of the reducer outlet. It may be installed directly in sweeps or immediately after elbows, valves or tees without introducing any appreciable error in the meter readings. Fig. 13. PIPE REDUCER AND NOZZLE PLUG INSTALLED IN A PIPE The nozzle plugs used with pipe reducers differ in minor respects from both the normal velocity or high velocity nozzle plugs. The same pipe reducers can be used with any type of G-E flow meter for measuring either steam, water or air. Installation of Pipe Reducers The pipe reducer is furnished blank, no flange bolt holes being drilled at the factory. Neither is it necessary to drill the reducer so as to allow the flange bolts to project through unless desired, as it can easily be cut down to any dimension and held in place the same as a 86503 A-J/2 Recording and Integrating Flow Meiers Fig. 16 BELL AND SPIGOT JOINT Recording and Integrating Flow Meters 86503 A-l+3 narrow gasket. It may be used with Van Stone or similar flange joints as well as with ordinary screw flanges. For the insertion of the reducer, a section should be removed and while down drilled for the nozzle plug. After the pipe reducer has been Nozz/e Fig. 18. PRIMING STEAM METER PIPES BY CONDENSATION Directions: Fill piping slowly with steam without overdeflecting the mercury. When all air is expelled close blow off valves while steam is flowing out. drilled or cut to properly fit the flanges, it can be placed, together with the nozzle plug, in the section of pipe removed for this purpose and the whole reassembled in the pipe line. The hole for the nozzle plug is cut in the reducer at the factory. Its location for various sizes is indicated by the distance C, Fig. 39. No new fittings whatever are required when installing pipe reducers. 86503 A— 44 Recording and Integrating Flow Meters Pipe Bends Fig. 14 illustrates a suitable method of installing a reducer in a vertical pipe at a point near the outlet of a steam boiler or other large receiver. Fig. 15 illustrates the correct location “A” for inserting a nozzle plug in a large radius elbow connected to a steam boiler. Fig. 17 illustrates an approved location for reducer and nozzle plug on the discharge side of a short radius elbow. Fig. 19. PRIMING STEAM PIPES OF ELEVATED METER BY CONDENSATION Directions: Fill piping slowly with steam without overdeflecting the mercury. When all air is expelled close blow off valves while steam is flowing out. Priming Meter Piping of Water Flow Meter Have water under pressure in main pipe and cross over valve open. Open the meter blow off valves at the meter. Open valves L and T very carefully about 34 turn of the stems, so that water will slowly drive all air out of the piping and appear at the plug holes and flow out slowly without disturbing the mercury. When the streams flow clear Recording and Integrating Flow Meters 86503 A-^5 without air bubbles, close both blow off valves tightly. Then open wide the valves L and T and afterwards close cross over valve. The meter will then register the flow. Extra Meter Pipe Valves When the meter is located at a considerable distance from the nozzle plug, it is convenient to have an extra valve for each meter pipe located within easy reach. The proper location for such valves is directly above the cross over valve. PIPING INSTRUCTIONS FOR LOCATING METER ABOVE THE NOZZLE PLUG When a steam meter is located above the nozzle plug, the pipes from the bottom of the reservoirs must extend downward for a distance of about six feet before extending upward to the top of the meter. At the high point in the piping above the meter, insert reservoirs and bleeder valves for the purpose of removing any air that may accumu- late. See Fig. 19. Before starting the meter, the piping should be filled by con- densation. Support for Reservoirs If the main pipe vibrates, it is advisable to either secure the main so that it will not vibrate at the point where the nozzle plug is inserted or to anchor the reservoirs by rigidly connecting them to the main with a suitable pipe hanger. Designating Marks on Nozzle Plugs In addition to the arrow mark for setting the plug to flow direc- tion, each nozzle plug has' either the pipe diameter or the pipe and reducer diameter, for which it is intended, stamped in figures on its head. See Fig. 20. The type of plug is stamped in letters. For the purpose of abbre- viation initial letters only are used. Thus, “NV” is used for the normal velocity plug, “HV” for the high velocity and “NVR” for the normal velocity reducer plug. The marking serves to designate the type and size of plug. The location of the marks enables an inspection check of the plug to be made after it is inserted in a main. To Clean Nozzle Plug If a nozzle plug becomes stopped it may be cleaned by blowing out both sides with steam after disconnecting the meter. To do this, 86503 A~46 Recording and Integrating Flow Meters close the reservoir valves L and T. Open the cross over valve, and disconnect the unions, then open the valves to blow steam through the nozzle plug and piping. To Clean the Piping Remove the meter and blow out steam. To Blow Out Piping and Nozzle Plug Because there is a possibility of meter piping or the nozzle plug becoming filled with dirt or scale the meter should be connected as shown in Fig. 22. To blow out pipes and nozzle plug, open the cross Recording and Integrating Flow Meters 86503 A~47 over valve, close the two meter valves and open the two blow off valves. In installations where the water is very bad the meter piping and nozzle plug should be thoroughly blown once every 24 hours, while in the usual installation once every two weeks is sufficient. Fig. 21 86503 A-J+8 Recording and Integrating Flow Meters Blow Off Pipes for Nozzle Plug To provide a ready means for cleaning the nozzle plug of obstruc- tions where the fluid is always impure, blow off pipes can be run from the extra holes L and T in the nozzle plug. Provide valves for these Meter Valves closed while calibratino pipes. By closing the reservoir valves and opening the two blow off valves, the leading and trailing sides of the plug can be blown clean as frequently as necessary. Close the blow off valves before cutting the meter in. Recording and Integrating Flow Meters 86503A J+9 1 1 1 1 n 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 n i| 1 1 1 1| * | > H 1 1 1 1 1 1 n ^ 1 1 1 1 n 1 1 n | n 1 1 1 1 1 1 n 1 1 1 1 ] i) " | n 1 1 1 1 1 " ^ ^ 1 1 1 1 " * 86503 A-50 Recording and Integrating Flow Meters WATER COLUMN TEST TO CHECK THE OPERATION OF FLOW METERS, TYPES FS-4, FW-4 AND F (FOR STEAM OR WATER) Before starting to test a meter note the number of its internal mechanism. When prepared for test the meter must contain the proper amoun of mercury and water, and register zero. If the meter is already in service its piping need not be dis- connected. The illustration, Fig. 22, shows a method of testing with- Fig. 25. ORIFICE TUBE FOR G-E STEAM FLOW METER, FOR PIPES 2 IN. OR LESS IN DIAMETER Recording and Integrating Flow Meters 86503 A-51 out disturbing the pipes between nozzle plug and meter. Close the nozzle valves, open the crossover valve, remove the plugs from the reservoirs and connect the glass water column tube to the hole directly beneath the L pipe on the crossover valve block. Remove the plug from the cap on the meter cover plate to establish zero on the T side. Fill the glass tube with water up to the zero point, and provide a measuring rule to show the height of water. Fig. 26. HORIZONTAL ORIFICE TUBE FOR WATER FLOW METERS ■Va/m T ■ Vertiaaf Or/f/ce75&e wpamtmsmifst fsteve/ V&rtJca/ 'Arrow on Or/nce opM/r? P/rsc&or of How 1 fyW/zmto/ Qr//;oe Tube Va/rei VafveT deporotorl Per f- re sol *. t / Bauge , ?r _ J ercosoreCorrecim P/o/tuj Fig. 27. VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL ORIFICE TUBES SHOWING PIPING FOR AIR FLOW METERS 86503 A-52 Recording and Integrating Flow Meters The figures in the following tabulation are for testing either the steam or water flow meter when calibrated for the nozzle plug at the 3, 6 and 9 lines on the chart. The deflection of the indicator needle can be tested at the same operation, as the scale is provided with three marks corresponding to the 3, 6 and 9 lines of the chart. Fig. 28. VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL ORIFICE TUBES SHOWING PIPING FOR STEAM FLOW METERS TABLE OF WATER COLUMN ELEVATIONS The tabulation gives water column figures for testing meters with the seven internal mechanisms. The different mechanisms are numbered from 1 to 7, the proper number being stamped on the top of the float, on the gear of each internal mechanism and on the top of each of the several float tube bushings. Recording and Integrating Flow Meters 86503 A— 53 The mechanism and bushing numbers of an instrument must correspond. Conducting the Water Column Test The glass tube may be connected by hose to the leading side and then placed alongside a measuring rule arranged to extend vertically from the water level of the trailing side as illustrated in Fig. 22. Close crossover valve. Pour water into the glass tube until the water level rises point by point to the three positions given in the table corresponding to the mechanism number for the meter being tested. The recording pen, or indicating needle as the case may be, will register the corresponding points given as the water level is elevated from point to point. WATER COLUMN TABLE FOR TESTING STEAM AND WATER METERS TYPES F (FOR STEAM OR WATER) FS-4 AND FW-4 When Calibrated for Nozzle Plugs Internal Mechanism No. Float Tube Bushing No. Pitch Dia. of Pinion Inches WATI I 3 CR COLUMN INCHES Scale Marks 5 en Deflection 6 \K 9 7 7 1.875 6.00 22.21 48.06 6 6 1.500 4.88 18.05 39.08 5 5 1.063 3.50 12.96 28.05 4 4 0.766 2.59 9.59 20.75 3 3 0.547 1.88 6.97 15.08 2 2 0.391 1.36 5.03 10.88 1 1 0.281 1.02 3.79 8.19 If it is desired to check the reading for decreasing flow, be sure and preserve the zero by keeping the pipe T full of water. Fill the glass tube full of water and obtain the decreasing readings by carefully opening the cross over valve X. If a glass tube is not available, sub- stitute iron piping, which will give the desired water levels when completely filled with water for each elevation. Water Column Test to Check Operation of the Air Flow Meters, Types F (for Air) and FA-4 The air flow meter is calibrated to operate with air above the mercury. The test is made by isolating the water column in a U tube. One side of the U tube is connected to the leading side of the meter. See Fig. 23. Open the bleeder valve and then carefully crack the air valve to obtain the desired water columns. Due to the absence of water above the mercury, the water column figures, corresponding to the 3, 6 and 9 lines of the meter chart, are 86503 A-oJf. Recording and Integrating Flow Meters different from those given for steam and water and a special tabulation is provided for air. The test is conducted in the same manner as the steam or water meter test. WATER COLUMN TABLE FOR TESTING AIR FLOW METERS, TYPES F (FOR AIR) AND FA-4 When Calibrated for Nozzle Plug WATER COLUMN INCHES Internal Float Tube Pitch Dia. of Pinion Inches Scale Marks Mechanism Bushing \2/ . No. No. Pen Deflection 3 6 9 7 7 1.875 6.48 23.97 51.89 6 6 1.500 5.27 19.49 42.18 5 5 1.063 3.78 13.99 30.29 4 4 0.766 2.80 10.35 22.42 3 3 0.547 2.03 7.52 16.28 2 2 0.391 1.47 5.43 11.74 1 1 0.281 1.10 4.09 8.84 INSTRUCTIONS FOR OPERATING AND TESTING TYPES F, FS-4, FA-4 AND FW-4 METERS IN CONNECTION WITH THE ORIFICE TUBE Orifice Tubes Orifice tubes are used with certain types of G-E steam, water and air flow meters to measure the flow in pipes 2 in. or less in diameter. The orifice tube illustrated in Fig. 25 is designed to be incorporated in the pipe line to be metered. The piping, valves and reservoirs, or separators used with the tube are arranged in the same manner as with the nozzle plug. Orifice tubes for water flow , as shown by the cuts in this book , are not provided with outside drain piping as is used for the steam and air tubes. The work of priming the piping is conducted in the same manner as described for the various nozzle plug equipments for steam, air and water. The differential pressure obtained with the orifice tube is different for a given flow from that obtained with the nozzle plug. There is a slight difference in the spacing of the lines on charts for recording meters and also a difference in the spacing of the main figures and the three test marks on the indicator scale. This difference in the spacing of the lines necessitates two sets of water column figures for testing respectively the steam or water and the air flow meters that are cali- brated for the orifice tube. The charts of all meters are properly marked to designate either the plug or the tube as the basis of their calibration. Recording and Integrating Flow Meters 86503 A— 55 The following tables give the water column figures for testing. The tests are to be conducted in the same manner as described for meters with nozzle plug equipment. WATER COLUMN TABLE FOR TESTING STEAM AND WATER METERS, TYPES F (FOR STEAM OR WATER), FS-4 AND FW-4 When Calibrated for Orifice Tube Internal Mechanism No. Float Tube Bushing No. Pitch Dia. of Pinion Inches WAT] Pi 3 ER COLUMN IN Scale Marks Nk en Deflection 6 CHES 9 7 7 1.875 5.29 21.15 47.60 6 6 1.500 4.30 17.18 38.70 5 5 1.063 3.08 12.33 27.75 4 4 0.766 2.28 9.13 20.55 3 3 0.547 1.66 6.64 14.93 2 2 0.391 1.20 4.79 10.78 1 1 0.281 0.90 3.61 8.11 WATER COLUMN TABLE FOR TESTING AIR FLOW METERS, TYPES F (FOR AIR) AND FA-4 When Calibrated for Orifice Tube Internal Mechanism No. Float Tube Bushing No. Pitch Dia. of Pinion Inches WATI >3/ ] 3 £R COLUMN INCHES Scale Marks x6/ \g/ Pen Deflection 6 9 7 7 1.875 5.71 22.80 51.40 6 6 1.500 4.64 18.56 41.75 5 5 1.063 3.33 13.32 30.00 4 4 0.766 2.47 9.85 22.18 3 3 0.547 1.79 7.16 16.12 2 2 0.391 1.29 5.17 11.63 1 1 0.281 0.97 3.90 8.76 Cleaning The meter should be inspected and the parts cleaned and oiled once a year. The, mercury can be cleaned by treating with dilute nitric acid and by washing it in running water. Whenever the water is removed from the meter, the interior surface and the mechanism should be coated with oil to prevent rusting. Oil all pivot bearings and clock shafts once every three months. 86503 A-56 Recording and Integrating Flow Meters Shipment of Meter The meter is assembled, tested and inspected at the factory. The movable parts of the external mechanism are secured in place before shipment. The internal mechanism is removed from the meter and separately boxed. The meter and all parts are properly boxed for shipment and should be received in good condition. All finished surfaces are oiled to prevent rusting. 7. SPECIAL EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES NORMAL VELOCITY AND HIGH VELOCITY NOZZLE PLUG SIZES Nozzle plugs for measuring steam flow are made up in the follow- ing pipe diameter sizes: 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28 and 30 inches. For measuring the flow through a pipe of an intermediate size, use the next smaller plug, as listed above. For example, for a pipe of 9.05-in. internal diameter use an 8-in. nozzle plug, as it is only neces- sary that the plug extend approximately across the diameter of the pipe. The following table gives the minimum internal pipe diameter with which each size of nozzle plug can be used: Size of Nozzle Plug in Inches Minimum Internal Diameter of Pipe in Inches 2 1 7 A 3 2M 4 3 5 /8 6 5K 8 7V 2 10 9M . 12 HH 14 13H 16 14H 18 iey 2 20 18 Yt 22 20 y 2 24 22 H 26 24J/2 28 26 H 30 28 H Dimensions of Normal Velocity and High Velocity Nozzle Plugs for Steam, Air or Water Dimensions A, C, D and E are the same for all normal and high velocity nozzle plugs. Recording and Integrating Flow Meters 86503 A-57 Fig. 29. DIMENSION SKETCH OF NORMAL VELOCITY AND HIGH VELOCITY NOZZLE PLUGS For Measuring Steam and Water Flow CAT. NOS. DIMENSIONS IN INCHES Minimum Internal A Normal Velocity High Velocity Pipe Diam. Diameter of the Pipe in which the Nozzle Plug can be Used St’d Pipe Thr’d B C D E 103541 143682 2 IVs y 2 2 15M 12 ey 103542 143683 3 2% y 2 3 15M 12 103543 143684 4 3 H 4 15M 12 6y 2 136598 143685 6 5'A % 6 15X 12 6y 136599 143686 8 7V 2 H 8 15H 12 136600 143687 10 9^ l 10 15H 12 m 136601 143688 12 HM l 12 15H 12 6H 136602 | 143689 14 13 X l 14 15H 12 ey 86503A-58 Recording and Integrating Flow Meters Fig. 30. DIMENSION SKETCH OF NORMAL VELOCITY AND HIGH VELOCITY NOZZLE PLUGS For Measuring Air Flow CAT. NOS. DIMENSIONS IN INCHES Minimum Internal A Normal Velocity High Velocity Pipe Diam. Diameter of the Pipe in which the Nozzle Plug can be Used St’d Pipe Thr’d B C D E 103541 143682 2 lJi y 2 14 12 6H 103542 143683 3 2% X 3 14 12 ey 103543 143684 4 3 Vs X 4 14 12 6K 136598 143685 6 5K X 6 14 12 6H 136599 143686 8 7^ X 8 14 12 6H 136600 143687 10 9M 1 10 14 12 6y 2 136601 143688 12 llfc 1 12 14 12 6M 136602 143689 14 13H 1 14 14 12 ey Recording and Integrating Flow Meters 86503 A— 59 Fig. 31. TYPE FS-4 FLOW METER CONNECTED TO ORIFICE TUBE PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION OF THE G-E STEAM FLOW METER EMPLOYING THE ORIFICE TUBE TO OBTAIN THE VELOCITY HEAD The Types F and FS-4 meters will be furnished with orifice tubes to measure the flow in pipes 2 inches or less in diameter. The orifice tube consists of a pipe tapered internally at both ends to form an orifice near the center of the tube. When steam flows through the tube there is a temporary reduction of pressure in the orifice. The pressure in the pipe T will, therefore, be the static pressure minus a pressure proportional to the velocity while the pressure in the pipe L is the static pressure. Due to this differential pressure the mercury in the U tube of the meter is deflected until the unbalanced column exactly balances the differential pressure. The pipe D acts as a drain, maintaining equal water columns on reservoirs when orifice tube is installed in a vertical pipe. Orifice tubes are not the same for steam, water and air measure- ments. 86503 A-60 Recording and Integrating Flow Meters Fig. 32. ORIFICE TUBE FOR PIPES 1 IN., 1 M IN. AND IX IN. IN DIAMETER For Measuring Steam Flow DIMENSIONS IN INCHES Diam. A B C St’d Pipe Thr’d 1 16 20 in IX 18M 20 ix ix 20X 20 Recording and Integrating Flow Meters 86503 A- 61 For Measuring Steam Flow DIMENSIONS IN INCHES Pipe A Flange Connection B C Diam. 2 sy 2 24% 21 86503 A-62 Recording and Integrating Flow Meters PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION OF THE G-E AIR FLOW METER EMPLOYING THE ORIFICE TUBE TO OBTAIN THE VELOCITY HEAD The Types F and FA-4 meters will be furnished with orifice tubes to measure the flow in pipes 2 inches or less in diameter. The orifice tube consists of a pipe tapered internally at both ends to form an orifice near the center of the tube. When air flows through the tube there is a temporary reduction of pressure in the orifice. The pressure in the pipe T will, therefore, be the static pressure minus a pressure proportional to the velocity while the pressure in the pipe L is the static pressure. Due to this differential pressure the mercury in the U tube of the meter is deflected until the unbalanced column exactly balances the differential pressure. Orifice tubes are not the same for steam, water and air measure- ments. Recording and Integrating Flow Meters 86503 A-63 Fig. 34. DIMENSION SKETCH OF ORIFICE TUBE FOR PIPES 1 IN., IN. AND 1 V 2 IN. IN DIAMETER For Measuring Air Flow DIMENSIONS IN INCHES Pipe A B q Diameter St’d Pipe Thread 1 1 16 18 IU 18 34 18 iy 2 i k 2034 18 i 86503A-64 Recording and Integrating Flow Meters Fig. 35. DIMENSION SKETCH OF ORIFICE TUBE FOR PIPES 2 IN. IN DIAMETER For Measuring Air Flow DIMENSIONS IN INCHES Pipe A Flange Connection B C Diameter 2 6K 24ft ' 19 Recording and Integrating Flow Meters 86503 A— 65 PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION OF THE G-E WATER FLOW METER EMPLOYING THE ORIFICE TUBE TO OBTAIN THE VELOCITY HEAD The Types F and FW-4 meters will be furnished with orifice tubes to measure the flow in pipes 2 inches or less in diameter. The orifice tube consists of a pipe tapered internally at both ends to form an orifice near the center of the tube. When water flows through the tube there is a temporary reduction of pressure in the orifice. The pressure in the pipe T will, therefore, be the static pressure minus a pressure proportional to the velocity while the pressure in the pipe L is the static pressure. Due to this differential pressure the mercury in the U tube of the meter is deflected until the unbalanced column exactly balances the differential pressure. Orifice tubes are not the same for steam, water and air meters. D/rect/on of Ho tv ■» ► Fig. 36. ORIFICE TUBE FOR WATER METER 86503 A— 66 Recording and Integrating Flow Meters Fig. 37. DIMENSION SKETCH OF ORIFICE TUBE FOR PIPES 1 IN., l^IN. AND \y 2 IN. IN DIAMETER For Measuring Water Flow DIMENSIONS IN INCHES Pipe Diameter A St’d Pipe Thread B C 1 1 16 5 IK IK 18 K 5K 1V2 1V2 5K 2 2 25 6 Fig. 38. DIMENSION SKETCH OF ORIFICE TUBE FOR PIPES 2 IN. IN DIAMETER For Measuring Water Flow DIMENSIONS IN INCHES Pipe Diameter A C Flange Connection B 2 634 24 H 8K Recording and Integrating Flow Meters 86503 A-67 PIPE REDUCERS FOR STEAM, AIR OR WATER Cat. No. DIMENSIONS IN INCHES Pipe Diam. A B C D 139660 4 109* 4 y 8 49* 2 143666 4 10 9* 59* 49* 29* 143667 4 109* 59* 5 29* 139661 5 119* 59* 59* 29* 143668 5 119* 6 9* 59* 3 143669 5 119* 79* 69* 39* 139662 6 129* 69* 59* 3 143670 6 129* 79* 69* 39* 143671 6 129* 89* 79* 4 139663 7 149* 7 69* 39* 143672 7 149* 8 9* 79* 4 143673 7 • 14 J* 9 9* 89* 5 139664 8 159* 8 Me 7 Me 4 143674 8 159* 9 9* 89* 49* 143675 8 159* 109* 99* 59* 139665 10 179* 9 Me 8% 5 143676 10 179* 12 9* 11 9* 6 143677 10 179* 13 9* 12 9* 7 139666 12 20 9* 12 9* 119* 6 143678 12 209* 14 9* 13 9* 7 143679 12 20 9* 159* 14 9* 89* 139667 14 229* 13 9* 12 9* 7 143680 14 22 9* 16 9* 159* 8 143681 14 229* 189* 179* 10 CIRCULAR CHARTS FOR RECORDING FLOW METERS Charts that are accurately ruled and cut from the most suitable paper are supplied by the General Electric Company. There is a difference in the spacing of the ten flow lines of charts for nozzle plug service, relative to those for the orifice tube. Charts must be ordered to suit. 86503 A-68 Recording and Integrating Flow Meters Charts for either attachment can be provided which have time lines spaced as desired for either 1, 8, 12 or 24 hours per revolution. Each of the eight different forms of charts is given a designating number which is printed inside the zero circle. When ordering a supply of charts it is sufficient to specify flow meter chart number, in addition to stating the quantity wanted. Ink The best quality of ink for the recording pen is supplied by the General Electric Company. Clocks Unless otherwise specified, all meters are furnished with clocks that rotate the chart one revolution in 24 hours. For speeds of one revolu- tion per hour, or one in eight or twelve hours, special clocks will be furnished. 8. STEAM, AIR AND WATER FLOW TABLES The range of flow to be measured determines whether a normal velocity nozzle plug , high velocity nozzle plug or pipe reducer is required for any given condition of pressure , quality and pipe diameter. In selecting the proper nozzle plug or pipe reducer to be used always choose that one corresponding to the diameter of the pipe in which the steam is to be measured and whose range of flow is nearest to , but not less than that which the meter is to measure. This must be strictly adhered to if accurate results from the meter are desired. If the existing steam pressure is other than that given in the table the range of flow which can be measured with the meter may be closely approxi- mated by interpolation. Examples Nominal pipe diameter, 6 inches. Pressure, 150 lb. gauge. Quality of steam, 1 per cent moisture. Case I. — Flow to be measured by the meter 0 to 33,000 lb. per hr., use Cat. No. 136598, normal velocity nozzle plug. Case II. — Flow to be measured by the meter 0 to 10,000 lb. per hr., use Cat. No. 139662, 6-in. by 3-in. pipe reducer and nozzle plug. Case III. — Flow to be measured by the meter 0 to 12,000 lb. per hr., use Cat. No. 143670, 6-in. by 3 3^-in. pipe reducer and nozzle plug. Case IV. — Flow to be measured by the meter 0 to 15,000 lb. per hr., use Cat. No. 143671, 6-in. by 4-in. pipe reducer and nozzle plug. Case V. — Elow to be measured by the meter 0 to 45,000 lb. per hr., use Cat. No. 143685, high velocity nozzle plug. 30 pounds of steam equal 1 boiler horse power. Recording and Integrating Flow Meters 86503 A-69 NORMAL VELOCITY NOZZLE PLUGS QUALITY OF STEAM 4 PER CENT MOISTURE TO 50 DEG. F. SUPERHEAT Steam Pres- sure 25 Lb. Gauge Steam Pres- sure 50 Lb. Gauge Steam Pres- sure 75 Lb. Gauge Steam Pres- sure 100 Lb. Gauge Steam Pres- sure 125 Lb. Gauge Steam Pres- sure 150 Lb. Gauge Steam Pres- sure 175 Lb. Gauge Steam Pres- sure 200 Lb. Gauge Pipe Diam. in In. Cat. No. Range of Flow in Lb. per Hr. from 0 to Range of Flow in Lb. per Hr. from 0 to Range of Flow in Lb. per Hr. from 0 to Range of Flow in Lb. per Hr. from 0 to Range of Flow in Lb. per Hr. from 0 to Range of Flow in Lb. per Hr. from 0 to Range of Flow in Lb. per Hr. from 0 to Range of Flow in Lb. per Hr. from 0 to 1950 2460 2880 3270 3590 3900 4170 4440 2 103541 5000 6300 7400 8400 9200 10000 10700 . 11400 3 103542 9000 11350 13300 15100 16500 18000 19250 20500 4 103543 20500 25800 30300 34400 37700 41000 * 43800 46700 6 136598 36900 46500 54700 62000 67900 73800 79000 84200 8 136599 57600 72500 85200 96600 106000 115200 123300 131100 10 136600 83300 105000 123300 140000 153000 166700 178500 190000 12 136601 113000 142300 167000 190000 208000 226000 242000 257000 14 136602 QUALITY OF STEAM 4 PER CENT MOISTURE TO 50 DEG. F. SUPERHEAT 1790 2260 2650 3010 3310 3590 3850 4090 2 103541 4620 5820 6850 7770 8520 9250 9900 10550 3 103542 8300 10470 12300 13900 15200 16600 17700 18900 4 103543 18900 23800 27900 31700 34800 37800 40400 43100 6 136598 34000 42800 50300 57200 62600 68000 72700 77500 8 136599 53100 66800 78500 89200 97600 106200 113500 121000 10 136600 76700 96700 113200 128500 140800 153500 163800 174300 12 136601 104000 131800 154300 175500 192500 209000 224000 238000 14 136602 Normal velocity nozzle plugs can not be furnished for pipes less than 2 inches in diameter but can be furnished for pipes larger than 14 inches if desired. For odd diameter pipes use the next smaller nozzle plug listed; for example, use a 6-inch nozzle plug in a 7-inch pipe. The flows in above table are for meter with the large No. 7 mechanism. To find maximum flows for other sizes of mechanism multiply above figures by constants from page 29. 86503A-70 Recording and Integrating Flow Meters PIPE REDUCERS COMPLETE WITH NOZZLE PLUGS QUALITY OF TURK TO STEAM 4 PER CENT MOIS- 50 DEG. F. SUPERHEAT Diam. of Pipe in Inches in which the Reducer will be Installed Diam. in Inches of the Outlet of the Reducer Inside of Pipe Cat. No. Steam. Pres- sure 25 Lb. Gauge Steam Pres- sure 50 Lb. Gauge Steam Pres- sure 75 Lb. Gauge Steam Pres- sure 100 Lb. Gauge Steam Pres- sure 125 Lb. Gauge Steam Pres- sure 150 Lb. Gauge Steam Pres- sure 175 Lb. Gauge Steam Pres- sure 200 Lb. Gauge Range of Flow in Lb. per Hr. from 0 to Range of Flow in Lb. per Hr. from 0 to Range of Flow in Lb. per Hr. from 0 to Range of Flow in Lb. per Hr. from 0 to Range of Flow in Lb. per Hr. from 0 to Range of Flow in Lb. per Hr. from 0 to Range of Flow in Lb. per Hr. from 0 to Range of Flow in Lb. per Hr. from 0 to 1950 2460 2880 3270 3590 3900 4170 4440 i r 2 139660 2620 3310 3880 4410 4830 5250 5620 5980 4 \ 2M 143666 418.0 5270 6180 7020 7700 8360 8950 9540 J 1/. 2M 143667 3280 4120 4850 5550 6030 6560 7010 7470 U r 2K 139661 5000 6300 7400 8400 9200 10000 10700 11400 \ 5 1 3 143668 6870 8650 10180 11550 12650 13750 14710 15680 J l 3^ 143669 5000 6300 7400 8400 9200 10000 10700 11400 1 f 3 139662 6870 8650 10180 11550 12650 13750 14710 15680 \ 6 \ 3 H 143670 9000 11350 13300 15100 16500 18000 19250 20500 J 1 4 143671 6870 8650 10180 11550 12650 13750 14710 15680 1 f 3 3^ 139663 9000 11350 13300 15100 16500 18000 19250 20500 \ 7 \ 4 143672 14200 17950 21100 23900 26200 28500 30500 32500 J • l 5 143673 9000 11350 13300 15100 16500 18000 19250 20500 i r 4 139664 11500 14480 17000 19300 21100 22950 24500 26100 4 ^ 143674 17250 21700 25500 28900 31700 34500 36900 39300 I i 5/4 143675 14200 17950 21100 23900 26200 28500 30500 32500 i r 5 139665 20500 25800 30300 34400 37700 41000 43800 46700 10 i 6 143676 28250 35600 41800 47400 52000 56500 60500 64400 J l 7 143677 20500 25800 30300 34400 37700 41000 43800 46700 l r 6 139666 28250 35600 41800 47400 52000 56500 60500 64400 7 143678 41150 51800 60900 69200 75700 82300 88200 94000 J 1 sy 2 143679 28250 35600 41800 47400 52000 56500 60500 64400 l r 7 139667 36900 46500 54700 62000 67900 73800 79000 84200 14 1 8 143680 57600 72500 85200 96600 106000 115200 123300 131100 J 1 10 143681 Cat. Nos. include pipe reducer complete with nozzle plug. Pipe reducers can not be furnished for pipes less than 4 inches in diameter, but can be furnished for pipes larger than 14 inches if desired. If it is necessary to reduce the area of a 3-inch pipe a smaller section should be installed. The flows in above table are for meter with the large No. 7 mechanism. To find maximum .flows for other sizes of mechanism multiply above figures by constants from page 29. Recording and Integrating Flow Meters 86503 A— 71 PIPE REDUCERS COMPLETE WITH NOZZLE PLUGS (Cont’d) QUALITY OF STEAM 51 DEG. F. TO 150 DEG. F. SUPERHEAT Steam Pres- sure 25 Lb. Gauge Steam Pres- sure 50 Lb. Gauge Steam Pres- sure 75 Lb. Gauge Steam Pres- sure 100 Lb. Gauge Steam Pres- sure 425 Lb. Gauge Steam Pres- sure 150 Lb. Gauge Steam Pres- sure 175 Lb. Gauge Steam Pres- sure 200 Lb. Gauge Diam. of Pipe in Inches in w. the Reducer will be Install* Diam. in Inches of the Cutle the Reducer Inside of Pip Cat. No. Range of Flow in Lb. per Hr. from 0 to Range of Flow in Lb. per Hr. from 0 to Range of Flow in Lb. per Hr. from 0 to Range of Flow in Lb. per Hr. from 0 to Range of Flow in Lb. per Hr. from 0 to Range of Flow in Lb. per Hr. from 0 to Range of Flow in Lb. per Hr. from 0 to Range of Flow in Lb. per Hr. from 0 to 1790 2260 2650 3010 3310 3590 3850 4090 1 f 2 139660 2410 3040 3570 4060 4450 4830 5180 5520 143666 3850 4760 5700 6470 7100 7710 8250 8800 J 1 2M 143667 3020 3800 4470 5070 5570 6050 6470 6880 1 r 2M 139661 4620 5820 6850 7770 8520 9250 9900 10550 5 ^ 3 143668 6350 8000 9400 10650 11700 12700 13600 14450 1 1 33^ 143669 4620 5820 6850 7770 8520 9250 9900 10550 i r 3 139662 6350 8000 9400 10650 11700 12700 13600 14450 6 i 3 H 143670 8300 10470 12300 13940 15280 16600 17770 18900 J 1 4 143671 6350 8000 9400 10650 11700 12700 13600 14450 l r sy 2 139663 8300 10470 12300 13940 15280 16600 17770 18900 4 143672 13130 16550 19400 22050 24200 26250 28100 29500 j l 5 143673 8300 10470 12300 13940 15280 16600 17770 18900 1 r 4 139664 10570 13300 15650 17800 19450 21150 22650 24100 8 1 4^ 143674 15950 20100 23600 26800 29400 31900 34100 36350 J 1 5V 2 143675 13130 16550 19400 22050 24200 26250 28100 29500 1 r 5 139665 18900 23800 27900 31700 34800 37800 40400 43100 [io ^ 6 143676 26100 32900 38600 43800 48000 52200 55800 59500 J l 7 143677 18900 23800 27900 31700 34800 37800 40400 43100 ] r 6 139666 26100 32900 38600 43800 48000 52200 55800 59500 12 \ 7 143678 35300 48300 56700 64300 70600 76700 82000 87500 J 1 143679 26100 32900 38600 43800 48000 52200 55800 59500 V f 7 * 139667 34000 42800 50300 57200 62600 68000 72700 77500 14 8 143680 53100 66800 78500 89200 97600 106200 113500 121000 J l 10 143681 Cat. Nos. include pipe reducer complete with nozzle plug. Pipe reducers can not be furnished for pipes less than 4 inches in diameter, but can be furnished for pipes larger than 14 inches, if desired. If it is necessary to reduce the area of a 3-inch pipe a smaller section should be installed. The flows in above table are for meter with the large No. 7 mechanism. To find maximum flows for other sizes of mechanism multiply above figures by constants from page 29. 86503A-72 Recording and Integrating Flow Meters HIGH VELOCITY NOZZLE PLUGS QUALITY OF STEAM 4 PER CENT MOISTURE TO 50 DEG. F. SUPERHEAT Steam Steam Steam Steam Steam Steam Steam Steam Pres- Pres- Pres- Pres- Pres- Pres- Pres- Pres- sure sure sure sure sure sure sure sure 25 Lb. 50 Lb. 75 Lb. 100 Lb. 125 Lb. 150 Lb. 175 Lb. 200 Lb. Gauge Gauge Gauge Gauge Gauge Gauge Gauge Gauge Pipe Diam. Cat. No. Range Range Range Range Range Range Range Range in In. of Flow of Flow of Flow of Flow of Flow of Flow of Flow of Flow in Lb. in Lb. in Lb. in Lb. in Lb. in Lb. in Lb. in Lb. per Hr. per Hr. per Hr. per Hr. per Hr. per Hr. per Hr. per Hr. from from from from from from from from 0 to 0 to 0 to 0 to 0 to 0 to 0 to 0 to 2920 3690 4320 4900 5380 5850 6250 6570 2 143682 7500 9460 11100 12600 13800 15000 16000 17100 3 143683 13500 17000 19900 22600 24800 27000 28800 30800 4 143684 30800 38800 45400 51600 56500 61500 65800 70000 6 143685 55300 69800 82000 93100 101000 110000 118200 126000 8 143686 86500 108700 127700 145000 159000 172000 185000 196000 10 143687 125000 157000 185000 210000 229000 250000 268000 287000 12 143688 169000 213000 251000 285000 312000 339000 363000 386000 14 143689 QUALITY OF STEAM 51 ! DEG. F TO 150 DEG. F. SUPERHEAT 2680 3390 3970 4510 4960 5390 5770 6130 2 143682 6940 8740 10300 11600 12800 13800 14800 15800 3 143683 12400 15700 18400 20800 22800 24900 26600 28400 4 143684 28400 35700 41900 47500 52200 56700 60500 64700 6 143685 51000 64100 75500 85800 94000 102000 109200 116500 8 143686 79600 100000 118000 134000 146500 158500 170000 181500 10 143687 115000 145000 170000 193000 211000 230000 245000 262000 12 143688 156000 197500 232000 263000 289000 313000 336000 357000 14 143689 High velocity nozzle plugs can not be furnished for pipes less than 2 inches in diameter, but can be furnished for pipes larger than 14 inches, if desired. For odd diameter pipes use the next smaller nozzle plug listed; for example, use a 6-inch nozzle plug in a 7-inch pipe. The flows in above table are for meter with the large No. 7 mechanism. To find maximum flows for other sizes of mechanism multiply above figures by constants from page 29. Recording and Integrating Flow Meters 86503 A-73 ORIFICE TUBES FOR USE WITH THE G-E RECORDING STEAM FLOW METER TYPES F AND FS-4 In selecting the proper orifice tube to be used always choose that one corresponding to the diameter of the pipe in which the steam is to be measured and whose range of flow is nearest to, but not less than that which the meter is to measure. This must be strictly adhered to if accurate results from the meter are desired. If the existing steam pressure is other than that given in the table the range of flow which can be measured with the meter may be closely approxi- mated by interpolation. Examples Nominal pipe diameter, 13^ inches. Pressure, 150 lb. gauge. Quality of steam, 1 per cent moisture. Case I. — Flow to be measured by the meter 0 to 200 lb. per hr., use Cat. No. 128434, orifice tube. Case II. — Flow to be measured by the meter 0 to 300 lb. per hr., use Cat. No. 128435, orifice tube. Case III. — Flow to be measured by the meter 0 to 600 lb. per hr., use Cat. No. 128436, orifice tube. 30 pounds of steam equal 1 boiler horse power. 86503 A-74- Recording and Integrating Flow Meters ORIFICE TUBES QUALITY OF STEAM TURE TO 50 DEG. 4 PER CENT MOIS- F. SUPERHEAT Pipe Diam. in In. Throat Diam. in In. Cat. No. Steam Pres- sure 25 Lb. Gauge Steam Pres- sure 50 Lb. Gauge Steam Pres- sure 75 Lb. Gauge Steam Pres- sure 100 Lb. Gauge Steam Pres- sure 125 Lb. Gauge Steam Pres- sure 150 Lb. Gauge Steam Pres- sure 175 Lb. Gauge Steam Pres- sure 200 Lb. Gauge Range of Flow in Lb. per Hr. from 0 to Range of Flow in Lb. per Hr. from 0 to Range of Flow in Lb. per Hr. from 0 to Range of Flow in Lb. per Hr. from 0 to Range of Flow in Lb. per Hr. from 0 to Range of Flow in Lb. per Hr. from 0 to Range of Flow in Lb. per Hr. from 0 to Range of Flow in Lb. per Hr. from 0 to 42 52 62 70 77 84 90 95 1 f 0.25 128428 100 126 148 168 184 200 214 228 0.375 128429 175 220 259 294 322 350 374 398 J 1 0.5 128430 68 85 100 114 125 136 145 155 1 f 0.3125 128431 152 191 224 257 279 304 325 346 \lMi 0.4688 128432 272 293 403 458 502 545 583 622 1 1 0.625 128433 100 126 148 168 184 200 214 228 1 f 0.375 128434 220 275 325 369 405 440 471 502 0.5625 128435 405 509 598 630 744 810 867 923 J 1 0.75 128436 175 220 259 294 322 350 374 398 1 | 0.5 136589 405 509 598 630 744 810 867 923 to J 0.75 136590 710 895 1040 1190 1300 1420 1520 1610 1.0 136591 1120 1420 1650 1870 2050 2230 2400 2520 J l 1.25 154321 QUALITY OF STEAM 51 DEG. F. TO 150 DEG. F. SUPERHEAT 38 47 56 63 69 76 81 85 i r 0.25 128428 90 113 133 151 165 180 192 205 n \ 0.375 128429 152 198 232 264 289 315 337 359 j i 0.5 128430 61 76 90 102 112 122 130 139 i r 0.3125 128431 137 172 202 233 252 274 293 312 0.4688 128432 . 245 310 362 410 450 490 524 558 J 1 0.625 128433 90 113 133 151 165 180 192 205 1 r 0.375 128434 197 249 292 332 363 395 422 450 0.5625 128435 365 459 540 612 670 730 780 832 j 1 0.75 128436 152 198 232 264 289 315 337 359 1 r 0.5 136589 365 459 540 612 670 730 780 832 9 J 0.75 136590 639 805 946 1070 1170 1278 1360 1450 1.0 136591 1010 1280 1500 1700 1870 2020 2160 2300 J 1.25 154321 The flows on above table are for meter with the large No. 7 mechanism. To find maximum flows for other sizes of mechanism multiply above figures by constants from page 29. Recording and Integrating Flow Meters 86503 A-75 NOZZLE PLUGS AND PIPE REDUCERS FOR G-E RECORDING AIR FLOW METERS TYPES F AND FA-4 The range of flow to he measured determines whether a normal velocity nozzle plug , high velocity nozzle plug or pipe reducer is required for any given condition of pressure , temperature and pipe diameter. In selecting the proper nozzle plug or pipe reducer to he used always choose that one corresponding to the diameter of the pipe in which the air is to he measured and whose range of flow is nearest to, hut not less than that which the meter is to measure. This must he strictly adhered to if accurate results from the meter are desired. If the existing air pressure is other than that given in the table the range of flow which can he measured with the meter may he closely approxi- mated hy interpolation. Examples Nominal pipe diameter, 6 inches. Pressure, 100 lb. absolute. Temperature of air, 80 deg. F. Case I. — Flow to be measured by the meter, 0 to 8000 cu. ft., use Cat. No. 136598, normal velocity nozzle plug. Case II. — Flow to be measured by the meter, 0 to 2600 cu. ft., use Cat. No. 139662, 6-in. by 3-in. pipe reducer and nozzle plug. Case III.— -Flow to be measured by the meter 0 to 3000 cu. ft., use Cat. No. 143670, 6-in. by 33^2-in. pipe reducer and nozzle plug. Case IV. — Flow to be measured by the meter, 0 to 4200 cu. ft., use Cat. No. 143671, 6-in. by 4-in. pipe reducer and nozzle plug. Case V. — Flow to be measured by the meter 0 to 14,000 cu. ft., use Cat. No. 143685, high velocity nozzle plug. Note. — The flows given in the examples are cubic feet of free air (14.7 lb. absolute pressure) per minute at 70 deg. F. temperature. 86S03A-76 Recording and Integrating Flow Meters NORMAL VELOCITY NOZZLE PLUGS TEMPERATURE RANGE 33 TO 200 DEG. F. Air Air Air Air Air Air Air Pressure Pressure Pressure Pressure Pressure Pressure Pressure Pipe Diam. in In. 2 Lb. 25 Lb. 50 Lb. 75 Lb. 100 Lb. 125 Lb. 150 Lb. Cat. Absolute Absolute Absolute Absolute Absolute Absolute Absolute No. Range Range Range Range Range Range Range of Flow of Flow of Flow of Flow of Flow of Flow of Flow from from from from from from from 0 to 0 to 0 to 0 to 0 to 0 to 0 to 115 475 685 848 980 1110 1180 2 103541 292 1200 1720 2140 2480 2830 2990 3 103542 537 2190 3160 3920 4560 5080 5480 4 103543 1220 5010 7220 8920 10300 11700 12400 6 136598 2180 9000 12900 16000 18600 20900 22400 8 136599 3420 14000 20200 25000 29100 33000 35000 10 136600 4960 20300 29300 36300 42100 48000 50600 12 136601 6750 27600 39800 49300 57200 65200 69100 14 136602 TEMPERATURE RANGE 201 TO 400 DEG. F. 102 421 607 751 867 985 1040 2 103541 259 1060 1530 1890 2200 2500 2650 3 103542 475 1940 2800 3480 4040 4500 4860 4 103543 1080 4430 6380 7900 9170 10300 11000 6 136598 1930 7970 11400 14200 16400 18500 20200 8 136599 3030 12400 17900 22100 25800 29200 31000 10 136600 4380 18000 25900 32100 37200 42500 44800 12 136601 5970 24400 35200 43800 50700 57700 61200 14 136602 Normal velocity nozzle plugs can not be furnished for pipes less than 2 inches in diameter but can be furnished for pipes larger than 14 inches, if desired. The flows given in this table are cubic feet of free air (14.7 lb. pressure) per minute at 70 deg. F. temperature. For odd diameter pipes use the next smaller nozzle plug listed; for example, use a 6-inch nozzle plug in a 7-inch pipe. The flows in above table are for meter with the large No. 7 mechanism. To find maximum flows for other sizes of mechanism multiply above figures by constants from page 29. STEAM Diagram 11-B 86503A-76 Recording and Integrating Flow Meters NORMAL VELOCITY NOZZLE PLUGS TEMPERATURE RANGE 33 TO 200 DEG. F. Air Air Air Air Air Air Air Pressure Pressure Pressure Pressure Pressure Pressure Pressure Pipe Diam. in In. 2 Lb. 25 Lb. 50 Lb. 75 Lb. 100 Lb. 125 Lb. 150 Lb. Cat. Absolute Absolute Absolute Absolute Absolute Absolute Absolute No. Range Range Range Range Range Range Range of Flow of Flow of Flow of Flow of Flow of Flow of Flow from from from from from from from 0 to 0 to 0 to 0 to 0 to 0 to 0 to 115 475 685 848 980 1110 1180 2 103541 292 1200 1720 2140 2480 2830 2990 3 103542 537 2190 3160 3920 4560 5080 5480 4 103543 1220 5010 7220 8920 10300 11700 12400 6 136598 2180 9000 12900 16000 18600 20900 22400 8 136599 3420 14000 20200 25000 29100 33000 35000 10 136600 4960 20300 29300 36300 42100 48000 50600 12 136601 6750 27600 39800 49300 57200 65200 69100 14 136602 TEMPERATURE RANGE 201 TO 400 DEG. F. 102 421 607 751 867 985 1040 2 103541 259 1060 1530 1890 2200 2500 2650 3 103542 475 1940 2800 3480 4040 4500 4860 4 103543 1080 4430 6380 7900 9170 10300 11000 6 136598 1930 7970 11400 14200 16400 18500 20200 8 136599 3030 12400 17900 22100 25800 29200 31000 10 136600 4380 18000 25900 32100 37200 42500 44800 12 136601 5970 24400 35200 43800 50700 57700 61200 14 136602 Normal velocity nozzle plugs can not be furnished for pipes less than 2 inches in diameter but can be furnished for pipes larger than 14 inches, if desired. The flows given in this table are cubic feet of free air (14.7 lb. pressure) per minute at 70 deg. F. temperature. For odd diameter pipes use the next smaller nozzle plug listed; for example, use a 6-inch nozzle plug in a 7-inch pipe. The flows in above table are for meter with the large No. 7 mechanism. To find maximum flows for other sizes of mechanism multiply above figures by constants from page 29. DIAGRAM NO. 11-B Recording and X integrating Flow Meters 86503 A— 7 7 PIPE REDUCERS COMPLETE WITIJ NOZZLE PLUGS TEMPERATURE RANGE 33 TO 200 DEG. F. , \ ‘ -J Air Pres- sure 2 Lb. Abso- lute Air Pres- sure 25 Lb. Abso- lute:;. Air Pres- sure 50 Lb. Abso- lute Air Pres- sure 75 Lb. Absp- lute Air Pres- sure 100 Lb. Abso- lute Ait, Pres^- sure m t Lb.i Abso- lute Air Pnes« sur^ 150 Lb. Abso- lut^ ; Diam. in In. of the Pij in which the Reducer will be Installed Diam. in In. of Outlel of the Reducer In- side of Pipe Cat. No. Range of Flow from 0 to Range of Flow from 0 to Range of Flow from - 0 to Range of Flow from 0 to Range of Flow from 0 to Range of Flow from ; 0 to Range of Flow from 0 to 115 475 685 848 980 1110 1180 1 r 2 139660 155 640 862 1140 1320 1490 1600 4 1 2'A 143666 248 1010 . 1470 1810 2150 2400 2530 J 1 2H 143667 195 800 1150 1420 1660 1870 1990 1 r 2K 139661 292 1200 1720 2140 2480 2830 2990 f 5 ( 3 143668 410 1680 2420 2990 3480 3950 4200 1 l 3K 143669 292 1200 1720 2140 2480 2830 2990 1 r 3 139662 410 1680 2420 2990 3480 3950 4200 } 6 3V 2 143670 537 2190 3160 3920 4560 5080 5480 1 1 4 143671 410 1680 2420 2990 3480 3950 4200 i r 3V 2 139663 537 2190 3160 3920 4560 5080 5480 4 143672 847 2510 5010 6210 7200 8170 8670 J 1 5 143673 537 2190 3160 3920 4560 5080 5480 i r 4 139664 682 2800 3940 5000 5820 6580 6990 4^ 143674 1020 4220 6090 7540 8730 9780 10500 J 1 53^ 143675 847 2510 5010 6210 7200 8170 8670 1 f 5 139665 1220 5010 7220 8920 10300 11700 12400 6 143676 1680 6920 9880 12300 14300 16200 17100 J 1 7 143677 1220 5010 7220 8920 10300 11700 12400 1 r 6 139666 1680 6920 9880 12300 14300 16200 17100 7 143678 2470 10100 14600 18100 21000 23800 25300 J 1 8V 2 143679 1680 6920 9880 12300 14300 16200 17100 I f 7 139667 2180 9000 12900 16000 18600 20900 22400 14 \ 8 143680 3420 14000 20200 25000 29100 33000 35000 J 1 10 143681 Cat. Nos. include pipe reducer complete with nozzle plug. Pipe reducers can riot be furnished for pipes less than 4 inches in diameter but can be furnished for pipes larger than 14 inches, if desired. If it is necessary to reduce the area of a 3-inch pipe a smaller section should be installed. The flows given in this table are cubic feet of free air (14.7 lb. absolute pressure) per minute at 70 deg. F. temperature. The flows. in above table are for meter with the large No. 7 mechanism. To find maximum flows for other sizes of mechanism multiply above figures by constants from page 29. 86503 A-78 Recording and Integrating Flow Meters PIPE REDUCERS COMPLETE WITH NOZZLE PLUGS (Cont’d) TEMPERATURE RANGE 201 TO 400 DEG. F. Diam. in In. of Pipe in which the Reducer j will be Installed Diam. in In. of Outlet of the Reducer Inside of Pipe Cat. No. Air Pres- sure 2 Lb. Abso- lute Air Pres- sure 25 Lb. Abso- lute Air Pres- sure 50 Lb. Abso- lute Air Pres- sure 75 Lb. Abso- lute Air Pres- sure 100 Lb. Abso- lute Air Pres- sure 125 Lb. Abso- lute Air Pres- sure 150 Lb. Abso- lute Range of Flow from 0 to Range of Flow from 0 to Range of Flow from 0 to Range of Flow from 0 to Range ofFlow from 0 to Range of Flow from 0 to Range of Flow from 0 to 102 421 607 751 867 985 1040 1 f 2 139660 137 567 763 1010 1170 1320 1420 4 2M 143666 220 900 1300 1600 1900 2120 2240 J 1 2H 143667 172 709 1020 1250 1470 1650 1760 1 r 2V 2 139661 259 1060 1530 1890 2200 2500 2650 3 143668 362 1480 2140 2650 3070 3500 3710 J 1 3V2 143669 259 1060 1530 1890 2200 2500 2650 1 f 3 139662 362 1480 2140 2650 3070 3500 3710 S'A 143670 475 1940 2800 3480 4040 4500 4860 J 1 4 143671 362 1480 2140 2650 3070 3500 3710 i r 3A 139663 475 1940 2800 3480 4040 4500 4860 4 143672 750 2200 4430 5500 6370 7230 7670 J 1 5 143673 475 1940 2800 3480 4040 4500 4860 1 r 4 139664 603 2480 3570 4420 5140 5830 6180 143674 910 3740 5380 6670 7730 8670 9350 J 1 5H 143675 750 2200 4430 5500 6370 7230 7670 i f 5 139665 1080 4430 6380 7900 9170 10300 11000 no 6 143676 1480 6120 8750 10800 12600 14300 15200 j 1 7 143677 1080 4430 6380 7900 9170 10300 11000 ] r 6 139666 1480 6120 8750 10800 12600 14300 15200 7 143678 2190 9000 12900 15900 18600 21000 22400 J 1 sy 2 143679 1480 6120 8750 10800 12600 14300 15200 1 f 7 139667 1930 7970 11400 14200 16400 18500 20200 8 143680 3030 12400 17900 22100 25800 29200 31000 J 1 10 143681 Cat. Nos. include pipe reducer complete with nozzle plug. Pipe reducers can not be furnished for pipes less than 4 inches in diameter but can be furnished for pipes larger than 14 inches, if desired. If it is necessary to reduce the area of a 3-inch pipe a smaller section should be installed. The flows given in this table are cubic feet of free air (14.7 lb. absolute pressure) per minute at 70 deg. F. temperature. The flows in above table are for meter with the large No. 7 mechanism. To find maximum flows for other sizes of mechanism multiply above figures -by constants from page 29. AIR Diagram 12-B 86503 A-78 Recording and Integrating Flow Meters PIPE REDUCERS COMPLETE WITH NOZZLE PLUGS (Cont’d) TEMPERATURE RANGE 201 TO 400 DEG. F. Air Pres- sure 2 Lb. Abso- lute Air Pres- sure 25 Lb. Abso- lute Air Pres- sure 50 Lb. Abso- lute Air Pres- sure 75 Lb. Abso- lute Air Pres- sure 100 Lb. Abso- lute Air Pres- sure 125 Lb. Abso- lute Air Pres- sure 150 Lb. Abso- lute Diam. in In. of Pipe in which the Reducer will be Installed Diam. in In. of Outlet of the Reducer Inside of Pipe Cat. No. Range of Flow from 0 to Range of Flow from 0 to Range of Flow from 0 to Range of Flow from 0 to Range ofFlow from 0 to Range of Flow from 0 to Range of Flow from 0 to 102 421 607 751 867 985 1040 1 f 2 139660 137 567 763 1010 1170 1320 1420 4 2M 143666 220 900 1300 1600 1900 2120 2240 J 1 2% 143667 172 709 1020 1250 1470 1650 1760 ] f 2V 2 139661 259 1060 1530 1890 2200 2500 2650 3 143668 362 1480 2140 2650 3070 3500 3710 J 1 3 H 143669 259 1060 1530 1890 2200 2500 2650 i r 3 139662 362 1480 2140 2650 3070 3500 3710 sy 2 143670 475 1940 2800 3480 4040 4500 4860 J 1 4 143671 362 1480 2140 2650 3070 3500 3710 1 r 3 3^ 139663 475 1940 2800 3480 4040 4500 4860 7 4 143672 750 2200 4430 5500 6370 7230 7670 J 1 5 143673 475 1940 2800 3480 4040 4500 4860 ] f 4 139664 603 2480 3570 4420 5140 5830 6180 43^ 143674 910 3740 5380 6670 7730 8670 9350 J 1 5H 143675 750 2200 4430 5500 6370 7230 7670 1 f 5 139665 1080 4430 6380 7900 9170 10300 11000 no 6 143676 1480 6120 8750 10800 12600 14300 15200 j 1 7 143677 1080 4430 6380 7900 9170 10300 11000 l r 6 139666 1480 6120 8750 10800 12600 14300 15200 7 143678 2190 9000 12900 15900 18600 21000 22400 J 1 sy 2 143679 1480 6120 8750 10800 12600 14300 15200 1 f 7 139667 1930 7970 11400 14200 16400 18500 20200 8 143680 3030 12400 17900 22100 25800 29200 31000 J l 10 143681 Cat. Nos. include pipe reducer complete with nozzle plug. Pipe reducers can not be furnished for pipes less than 4 inches in diameter but can be furnished for pipes larger than 14 inches, if desired. If it is necessary to reduce the area of a 3-inch pipe a smaller section should be installed. The flows given in this table are cubic feet of free air (14.7 lb. absolute pressure) per minute at 70 deg. F. temperature. The flows in above table are for meter with the large No. 7 mechanism. To find maximum flows for other sizes of mechanism multiply above figures by constants from page 29. Recording and Integrating Flow Meters 86503 A-79 HIGH VELOCITY NOZZLE PLUGS TEMPERATURE RANGE 33 TO 200 DEG. F. Air Air Air Air Air Air Air Pressure Pressure Pressure Pressure Pressure Pressure Pressure 2 Lb. 25 Lb. 50 Lb. 75 Lb. 100 Lb. 125 Lb. 150 Lb. Pipe Cat. Absolute Absolute Absolute Absolute Absolute Absolute Absolute Diam. in In. No. Range Range Range Range Range Range Range of Flow of Flow of Flow of Flow of Flow of Flow of Flow from from from from from from from 0 to 0 to 0 to 0 to 0 to 0 to 0 to 172 712 1020 1260 1460 1660 1770 2 143682 440 1790 2590 3200 3720 4230 4500 3 143683 805 3300 4750 5890 6820 7760 8920 4 143684 1830 7500 10800 13300 15500 17500 18700 6 143685 3280 13400 19400 24000 27900 31600 33700 8 143686 5130 21000 30300 37500 43700 49300 52600 10 143687 7430 30500 43800 54300 63100 71700 76100 12 143688 10000 • 41400 59700 74100 85800 97000 10300 14 143689 TEMPERATURE RANGE 201 TO 400 DEG. F. 153 630 910 1120 1300 1470 1570 2 143682 390 1580 2290 2840 3290 3750 3980 3 143683 712 2920 4210 5220 6040 6870 7900 4 143684 1620 6640 9600 11800 13700 15500 16500 6 143685 2910 11900 17100 21200 24700 28000 29900 8 143686 4540 18600 26800 33200 38600 43700 45700 10 143687 6580 27000 38800 48200 55800 63400 67400 12 143688 8920 36700 52800 66600 76100 85800 91800 14 143689 High velocity nozzle plugs can not be furnished for pipes less than 2 inches in diameter, but can be furnished for pipes larger than 14 inches, if desired. The flows given in this table are cubic feet of free air (14.7 lb. absolute pressure) per minute at 70 deg. F. temperature. For odd diameter pipes use the next Smaller size nozzle plug listed; for example, use a 6-inch nozzle plug in a 7-inch pipe. The flows in above table are for meter with the large No. 7 mechanism. To find maximum flows for other sizes of mechanism multiply above figures by constants from page 29. 86503 A-80 Recording and Integrating Flow Meters ORIFICR TUBES FOR USE WITH THE G-E RECORDING AIR FLOW METERS TYPES F AND FA-4 In selecting the proper orifice tube to be used always choose that one corresponding to the diameter of the pipe in which the air is to be measured and whose range of flow is nearest to, but not less than that which the meter is to measure. This must be strictly adhered to if accurate results from the meter are desired. If the existing air pressure is other than that given in the table the range of flow which can be measured with the meter may be closely approxi- mated by interpolation. Examples Nominal pipe diameter, 1^ inches. Pressure, 100 lb. absolute. Temperature of air, 80 deg. F. Case I. — Flow to be measured by the meter, 0 to 50 cu. ft., use Cat. No. 128446, orifice tube. Case II. — Flow to be measured by the meter, 0 to 120 cu. ft., use Cat. No. 128447, orifice tube. Case III. — Flow to be measured by the meter, 0 to 200 cu. ft., use Cat. No. 128448, orifice tube. The flows given in the ex*amples are cubic feet of free air (14.7 lb. absolute pressure) per minute at 70 deg. F. temperature. WATER Diagram 13 -B 86503 A-80 Recording and Integrating Flow Meters ORIFICR TUBES FOR USE WITH THE G-E RECORDING AIR FLOW METERS TYPES F AND FA-4 In selecting the proper orifice tube to be used always choose that one corresponding to the diameter of the pipe in which the air is to be measured and whose range of flow is nearest to, but not less than that which the meter is to measure. This must be strictly adhered to if accurate results from the meter are desired. If the existing air pressure is other than that given in the table the range of flow which can be measured with the meter may be closely approxi- mated by interpolation. Examples Nominal pipe diameter, 1^ inches. Pressure, 100 lb. absolute. Temperature of air, 80 deg. F. Case I. — Flow to be measured by the meter, 0 to 50 cu. ft., use Cat. No. 128446, orifice tube. Case II. — Flow to be measured by the meter, 0 to 120 cu. ft., use Cat. No. 128447, orifice tube. Case III. — Flow to be measured by the meter, 0 to 200 cu. ft., use Cat. No. 128448, orifice tube. The flows given in the ex*amples are cubic feet of free air (14.7 lb. absolute pressure) per minute at 70 deg. F. temperature. 865 co\ ar\ is m Recording and Integrating Flow Meters 86503 A-81 ORIFICE TUBES TEMPERATURE RANGE 33 TO 200 DEG. F. Pipe "Diam. in In, Throat Diam. in In. | Cat. No. Air Pres- sure 2 Lb. Abso- lute Air Pres- sure 25 Lb. Abso- lute Aii 3 “ 1 Pres- sure 50 Lb. Abso- lute Air Pres- sure 75 Lb. Abso- lute Air . c v Pres- sure 100 Lb. Abso- . lute Air Pres- sure 125 Lb. Abso- lute Air Pres- sure 150 Lb. Abso- lute Range of Flow from 0 to Range of Flow from 0 to Range of Flow from 0 to Range" of m F low from 0 to Range of Flow from 0 to Range of Flow from 0 to Range' of Flow froip.-. 0 to 2 10 15 20 23 27 29 1 f 0.25 128440 6 24 36 44 52 62 65 1 0.375 128441 10 43 64 78 91 109 117 J 1 0.5 128442 4 17 24 30 36 42 47 ’ 1 f 0.3125 128443 9 37 55 68 80 97 i 104 \iH\ 0.4688 128444 16 68 100 123 143 171 185 J l 0.625 128445 6 \ 24 36 £" ' 44 ! 52 • 62 65 V f 0.375 128446 12 { .56 101 117 139 150 VXK \ 0.5625 128447 26 lio JL T59 197 228 258 ‘ 277 J V 0.75 128448 10 43 64 78 91 109 117 1 f 0.5 136592 26 110 159 197 228 1 258 , 277 2 J 0.75 136593 43 181 263 327 380 467 - 491 1.0 136594 68 285 415 515 600 ! 740 770 J l 1.25 154323 TEMPERATURE RANGE 201 TO 400 DEG. F. 1 8 12 17 19 22 24 1 r 0.25 128440 5 20 30 37 44 52 55 0.375 128441 8 36 54 66 77 94 100 J 1 0.5 128442 3 14 20 25 30 35 40 1 r 0.3125 128443 7 31 46 57 68 82 88 0.4688 128444 13 57 85 104 121 145 157 J 1 0.625 128445 5 20 30 37 44 52 55 i r 0.375 128446 10 47 68 85 100 118 127 IK \ 0.5625 128447 22 93 135 167 193 218 237 J 1 0.75 128448 8 36 54 66 77 94 100 ) r 0.5 136592 22 93 135 167 193 218 237 U 0.75 136593 36 153 222 278 322 396 416 2 1.0 136594 57 240 350 440 510 630 650 1.25 154323 The flows given in this table are cubic feet of free air (14.7 lb. absolute pressure) per minute at 70 deg. F. temperature. The flows in above table are for meter with the large No. 7 mechanism. To find maximum flows for other sizes of mechanism multiply above figures by constants from page 29. 86503 A-82 Recording and Integrating Flow Meters NOZZLE PLUGS AND PIPE REDUCERS FOR G-E RECORDING WATER FLOW METERS TYPES F AND FW-4 The range of flow to be measured determines whether a normal velocity nozzle plug , high velocity nozzle plug or pipe reducer is required for any given pipe diameter. In selecting the nozzle plug or pipe reducer to be used always choose that one corresponding to the diameter of the pipe in which the water is to be measured and whose range of flow is nearest to , but not less than that which the meter is to measure. This must be strictly adhered to if accurate results from the meter are desired. Examples Nominal pipe diameter, 6 inches. Temperature of water, 80 deg. F. Case I. — Flow to be measured by the meter 0 to 800 gallons per minute, use Cat. No. 136598, normal velocity nozzle plug. Case II. — Flow to be measured by the meter 0 to 200 gallons per minute, use Cat. No. 139662, 6-in. by 3-in. pipe reducer and nozzle plug. Case III. — Flow to be measured by the meter 0 to 300 gallons per minute, use Cat. No. 143670, 6-in. by 3J^-in. pipe reducer and nozzle plug. Case IV. — Flow to be measured by the meter 0 to 400 gallons per minute, use Cat. No. 143671, 6-in. by 4-in. pipe reducer and nozzle plug. Case V. — Flow to be measured by the meter 0 to 1000 gallons per minute, use Cat. No. 143685, high velocity nozzle plug. STEAM Diagram 14 86503 A-82 Recording and Integrating Flow Meters NOZZLE PLUGS AND PIPE REDUCERS FOR G-E RECORDING WATER FLOW METERS TYPES F AND FW-4 The range of flow to he measured determines whether a normal velocity nozzle plug , high velocity nozzle plug or pipe reducer is required for any given pipe diameter . In selecting the nozzle plug or pipe reducer to he used always choose that one corresponding to the diameter of the pipe in which the water is to he measured and whose range of flow is nearest to , hut not less than that which the meter is to measure. This must he strictly adhered to if accurate results from the meter are desired. Examples Nominal pipe diameter, 6 inches. Temperature of water, 80 deg. F. Case I. — Flow to be measured by the meter 0 to 800 gallons per minute, use Cat. No. 136598, normal velocity nozzle plug. Case II. — Flow to be measured by the meter 0 to 200 gallons per minute, use Cat. No. 139662, 6-in. by 3-in. pipe reducer and nozzle plug. Case III. — Flow to be measured by the meter 0 to 300 gallons per minute, use Cat. No. 143670, 6-in. by 33^-in. pipe reducer and nozzle plug. Case IV. — Flow to be measured by the meter 0 to 400 gallons per minute, use Cat. No. 143671, 6-in. by 4-in. pipe reducer and nozzle plug. Case V. — Flow to be measured by the meter 0 to 1000 gallons per minute, use Cat. No. 143685, high velocity nozzle plug. Recording and Integrating Flow Meters 86503 A-83 NORMAL VELOCITY NOZZLE PLUGS Range of Flow in Gallons per Minute from 0 to Pipe Diameter in In. Cat. No. NORMAL VELOCITY 87 2 103541 234 3 103542 430 4 103543 977 6 136598 1800 8 136599 2740 10 136600 3980 12 136601 5400 14 136602 HIGH VELOCITY 130 2 143682 351 3 143683 645 4 143684 1460 6 143685 2620 8 143686 4110 10 143687 5970 12 143688 8100 14 143689 Neither normal velocity or high velocity nozzle plugs can be supplied for pipes less than 2 inches in diameter but either can be furnished for pipes larger than 14 inches, if desired. For odd diameter pipes use the next smaller size nozzle plug listed; for example, use a 6-inch nozzle plug in a 7-inch pipe. The flows in above table are for meter with the large No. 7 mechanism. To find maximum flows for other sizes of mechanism multiply above figures by constants from page 29. 86503A-84 Recording and Integrating Flow Meters PIPE REDUCERS AND NOZZLE PLUGS Range of Flow in Gallons per Minute from 0 to Diam. in In. of the Pipe in which the Reducer will be Installed Diam. in In. of the Outlet of the Reducer Inside of the Pipe Cat. No. 87 1 f 2 139660 115 4 2M 143666 195 J l V ! 143667 156 1 f 2 ^ : 139661 234 \ ! 5 \ - 3 ! 143668 328 J -.-l 3K i 143669 234 ] . i 3 139662 328 6 1 33^ 143670 430 J l 4 143671 328 ■1 • r 3 K 139663 430 \ 7 \ 4 143672 678 J i 5 143673 430 i ■ r 4 139664 547 8 < 4p2 143674 824 J ' L 5^ ' 143675 678 ,1 # f 5 139665 977 \ 10 ^ 6 143675 1340 J l 7 143677 977 ] 1 6 139666 1340 \ 12 \ 7 % 143678 1980 J 1 834 143679 1340 ] f 7 139667 1800 !> 14 \ 8 143680 2740 ■ I l 10 143681 Cat. Nos. include the reducer complete with nozzle plug. Pipe reducers can not be furnished for pipes less than 4 inches in diameter, but can be supplied for pipes larger than 14 inches if desired. If it is necessary to reduce the area of a 3-inch pipe a smaller section should be installed. The flows in above table are for meter with the large No. 7 mechanism. To find maximum flows for other sizes of mechanism multiply above figures by constants from, page 29. AIR Diagram 15 86503 A— 81+ Recording and Integrating Flow Meters PIPE REDUCERS AND NOZZLE PLUGS Range of Flow in Gallons per Minute from 0 to Diam. in In. of the Pipe in which the Reducer will be Installed Diam. in Iii. of the Outlet of the Reducer Inside of the Pipe Cat. No. 87 f 2 139660 115 4 2M 143666 195 l 2^ 143667 156 1 r 23^ 139661 234 \ ! 5 - 3 143668 328 J i 3K 1 143669 234 ] . \ 3 139662 328 1 6 i 33^ 143670 430 J i 4 143671 328 1 r 3^ 139663 430 }> 7 \ 4 143672 678 J | 5 143673 430 B ; • r 4 139664 547 ^ 8 1 4^ 143674 824 j • i 5H • 143675 678 i • r 5 139665 977 l 10 ^ 6 143675 1340 J 1 7 143677 977 ] r 6 139666 1340 1 [ 12 1 7}/ 2 143678 1980 j l 83^ 143679 1340 ] f 7 139667 1800 1 14 \ 8 143680 2740 J l 10 143681 Cat. Nos. include the reducer complete with nozzle plug. Pipe reducers can not be furnished for pipes less than 4 inches in diameter, but can be supplied for pipes larger than 14 inches if desired. If it is necessary to reduce the area of a 3-inch pipe a smaller section should be installed. The flows in above table are for meter with the large No. 7 mechanism. To find maximum flows for other sizes of mechanism multiply above figures by constants from, page 29. 8 Recording and Integrating Flow Meters 86503 A-85 ORIFICE TUBES FOR USE WITH THE G-E RECORDING WATER FLOW METER TYPES F AND FW-4 In selecting the proper orifice tube to be used always choose that one corresponding to the diameter of the pipe in which the water is to be measured and whose range of flow is nearest to , but not less than that which the meter is to measure . This must be strictly adhered to if accurate results from the meter are desired. Examples Nominal pipe diameter, 1 Yi inches. Temperature, 100 deg. F. Case I. — Flow to be measured by the meter 0 to 3 gallons per minute, use Cat. No. 128458, orifice tube. Case II. — Flow to be measured by the meter 0 to 8 gallons per minute, use Cat. No. 128459, orifice tube. Case III. — Flow to be measured by the meter 0 to 20 gallons per minute, use Cat. No. 128460, orifice tube. Range of Flow in Gallons per Minute from 0 to Pipe Diameter in In. Throat Diameter in In, Cat. No. 2.5 1 f 0.25 128452 5.5 1 0.375 128453 10.0 J 1 0.5 128454 3.5 I f 0.3125 128455 8.5 0.4688 128456 15.0 J 1 0.625 128457 5.5 1 f 0.375 128458 12.5 0.5625 128459 22.0 J 1 0.75 128460 10.0 1 r 0.5 136595 22.0 l o J 0.75 136596 40.0 f 2 1.0 136597 63.0 J l 1.25 154322 The flows in above table are for meter with the large No. 7 mechanism. To find maximum flows for other sizes of mechanism multiply above figures by constants from page 29, / WATER Diagram 16 GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY PRINCIPAL OFFICES, SCHENECTADY, N. Y. Atlanta, Ga Baltimore, Md Birmingham, Ala. . . . Boston, Mass Buffalo, N. Y.. Butte, Mont. ........ Charleston, W. Va. . . Charlotte, N. C Chattanooga, Tenn. . Chicago, 111 Cincinnati, Ohio Cleveland, Ohio Columbus, Ohio Dayton, Ohio Denver, Colo Des Moines, Iowa. . . Detroit, Mich Duluth, Minn. ...... Elmira, N. Y... Erie, Pa Fort Wayne, Ind. . . . Indianapolis, Ind. . . . Jacksonville, Fla. .... Joplin, Mo.. Kansas City, Mo Knoxville, Tenn Los Angeles, Cal Louisville, Ky Memphis, Tenn.. Milwaukee, Wis Minneapolis, Minn. . . Nashville, Tenn. .... New Haven, Conn.. . New Orleans, La New York, N. Y Niagara Falls, N. Y.. Omaha, Neb Philadelphia, Pa. .... Pittsburg, Pa Portland, Ore Providence, R. I. . . . . Richmond, Va Rochester, N. Y.. . . . . St. Louis, Mo Salt Lake City, Utah San Francisco, Cal.. . Seattle, Wash Spokane, Wash Springfield, Mass Syracuse, N. Y Toledo, Ohio Washington, D. C. . . Youngstown, Ohio . . . SALES OFFICES (Address nearest office) Third National Bank Building Munsey Building Brown-Marx Building 84 State Street Electric Building Electric Building Charleston National Bank Building Commercial National Bank Building James Building Monadnock Building Provident Bank Building Illuminating Building . Columbus Savings & Trust Building Schwind Building First National Bank Buildings Hippee Building . . . Dime Savings Bank Bldg. (Office of Soliciting Agent) . . Fidelity Building Hulett Building Marine National Bank Building .Fort Wayne Electric Works Traction Terminal Building Heard National Bank Building Miners’ Bank Building Dwight Building Bank & Trust Building 124 West Fourth Street Starks Building Randolph Building Public Service Building 410 Third Ave., North Stahlman Building . . . . Second National Bank Building Maison-Blanche Building . . . . 30 Church Street Gluck Building . . . . Union Pacific Building Witherspoon Building Oliver Building Electric Building Turks Head Building Virginia Railway & Power Building Granite Building Pierce Building Newhouse Building Rialto Building Colman Building Paulsen Building Massachusetts Mutual Building Onondaga County Savings Bank Building Spitzer Building Evans Building Wick Building For Texas, Oklahoma and Arizona Business refer to Southwest General Electric Co. (Formerly Hobson Electric Co.) Dallas, Tex. 1701 N. Market Street El Paso, Tex. 500 San Francisco Street Houston, Tex Third and Washington Streets Oklahoma City, Okla Insurance Building Motor Agencies in all large cities and towns. Partial List of General Electric Co., Foreign Dept.. . . General Electric Co., Foreign Dept.. . General Electric Co. of N. Y Australian General Electric Co Companhia General Electric do Brazil Cia. General Electric Sudamericana . . Mexican General Electric Co South African General Electric Co. FOREIGN Sales Offices Schenectady, N. Y. 30 Church St., New York, N. Y. 83 Cannon St., London, E. C., England Melbourne and Sydney Rio de Janeiro Buenos Aires City of Mexico Johannesburg and Cape Town Representatives and Agents in all Countries. For all Canadian Business refer to Canadian General Electric Co., Ltd., Toronto, Ont.