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THE UNIVERSITY 
 
 OF ILLINOIS 
 
 LIBRARY 
 
 ^^^ISS? 
 
^^^ 
 
 'iK. 
 
OF THE 
 IVEr.SiT7 OF ILUNOiS 
 
'^*-^^v. 
 
 The art Of 
 
 MAKING 
 
 DEVISES, 
 
 TRSATITiJ} OF 
 
 Hicroglyphicks, Symboles, EmbJemes, 
 
 ^Enigma's, Sentences, Parables, Revcrfes of Medals, 
 Armes, Blazons, Cimicrs, Cyphers and Rebus. 
 
 Written in French byHENRYEsriENNE Efquire, 
 Interpreter to the French King for the 
 Latine and Greeks Tongues : 
 
 Tranpted into Englijh, andembeUjhedmh divers Sra(fe 
 Figures by T. B, of the Inner Temple, Gent, 
 
 Whereunto is added 
 
 A Catalogue of Coronet-D e v i s e s 
 
 both on the Kin^s^ and the Parliaments fide 
 ia the late Warre. 
 
 ^m 
 
 
 LONDON. 
 
 Printed iot Richard Rojfton^ and are to be fold at the 
 Angell in Ivie Lane^ i ^4 8. 
 
 \ 
 
w 
 
TO THE 
 
 N O B I L I T I E 
 
 AND 
 
 GENTRY oi EH^LA^Nip. 
 
 His Piece (being fent me out of 
 France ^^.s a double rarity, both in 
 relped: of the fubjed: and the qua- 
 lity of the Author)! had no fooner 
 read, then (taken with its ingenuity) I was 
 moved to cloathe it in an Englifh habit, part- 
 ly out of envy;, that, other Nations fliould glo- 
 ry to have out-knowne us in any Art, efpeci 
 ally ingenious, as is this ofT>eVtfes , which be- 
 ing the proper badges of Gentlemen, Com- 
 manders, and perfons of Honour, mayjuftly 
 
 A 2 chal- 
 
 00 [ 604 
 
challenge their countenance and favour, 
 whereunto tis lacred. 
 
 My Author affirmes himfelfe to be the firft 
 hath written of this li-bjed: in his Mother- 
 tongue • and I might fay the like here, were it 
 not that I find a fmall parcell of it in Cam- 
 dens Remaines , under the title oi Imprejes ^ 
 which are in efFed: the fame with 'DeVtfes, 
 ThencC;, you may gather , that the Kings of 
 England, with the Nobility and Gentry, have 
 for fome hundreds of yeeres {xkou^VcVifes 
 are yet of far greater Antiquity) both efteemed 
 and made ufe ofthem '• onely in former times 
 they arrived not (as now) to that height of 
 perfedion • for they fometimes did (as the 
 unshiifull ftill doe) make ufe of Mottoes w/th- 
 out fip-ures , and figures without Mottoes. We 
 read that Hen. the 3. (as liking well of Remu- 
 neration) commanded to be written (by way 
 o^VcVtfe) in his Chamber at Woodftock, 
 
 Qui non dat qiiodarr.at.. non accipit tile quod opt at. 
 
 Edw. the 3. bore for his Vevtfe the rayes of the 
 Sunne fi:reaming from a cloud without any 
 Motto. Edmond oiLangley, Duke of York , bore 
 
 a 
 
T)e(iicatO}y. 
 aFaulcon in a Fetter-lock^ implying, that he 
 was locked up from all hope and pofsibility 
 of the Kingdome. He?2. the 5. carryed a burn- 
 ing Crcjjfty lometimes a Beacon , and for Motto 
 (but not appropriate thereunto) Une Sans 
 Plu s, one and no more. Edw.xht 4. bore the Sun, 
 after the Battel! of Mortimer s-Ci:oRc^ where 
 three Sunnes wereieene immediately conjoy- 
 ninginone. Hcn.tht 7. in re(pe(5t of theuni- 
 on of the two Houfes of York and Lancafler^ 
 by his marriage, ufed the White Rofe united 
 with the Red, fometimes placed in the Sunne. 
 But in the raigne of Hew. the 8. Devifes grew 
 more familiar, and fomewhat more pcrfed:, 
 by adding Mottoes unto them, in imitation of 
 the Italians and French (amongfl: whom there 
 is hardly a private Gentleman^but hath his par= 
 ticular DeVf/e ) For Hen. the 8. at the inter- 
 view betweene him and King Fra?icis the 
 fir ft, whereat Charles the fift was alio prefent, 
 uled for his Delnfe an Englifh Archer in a 
 greene Coat drawing his Arrow to the head, 
 with ihis Motto, Cui Adh.-ereo, PR.rEST. 
 when as at that time thofe m ghty Princes 
 banding one againftanoLher,wrought him for 
 their owne particular. 
 
 A 3 To 
 
TheEpiJlle 
 To the honouivof Queene lane^ (who dyed 
 wiUingly to fave her child King Edward) a 
 Phenix was reprefented in his Funerall fire 
 with this Motto , Nascatur U t Alter. 
 Qvieene Miry bore winged Time, drawing 
 Truth out of a pit, with Veritas Temporis 
 FiLiA. Queene Eli:^abetJ? upon feverall occafi- 
 ons ufed many Heroicall l)eVifes , fometimes 
 a Sive without a Motto,Cas Camden relates) and 
 at other times thefe words without figure. Vi- 
 deo , Taceo , and Semper Eadem. King 
 lames ufed a Thiftle and a Rofe united , and a 
 Crown over them, with this M/rfo,HENRicus 
 Rosas, Regna Jacobus. Pr. Hewry (befides 
 that Devi/e which is appropriate to the Princes 
 of Wales) made ufc of this Motto, without fi- 
 gure, Fas Est Aliorum Qu^rere Regna. 
 And His Majeftie that now is ^ that other of 
 Christo Auspice Regno. Our Prince 
 beares (as all the Princes of Wales have done 
 fince the black Prince) for his Dervife (which 
 Tofo' we commonly ,though corruptly call the Prin- 
 trnT/tfEkh ^^^ ^^^^^) ^ Coronet beautified with three 
 dyn,i.f. your Oftrich fcathers, and for Motto, * Ich Dien, 
 "sritlijhtongue, i.c, I ferVe^ in the Saxon tongue, alluding to 
 
 that 
 
 * A learned 
 Brittan 
 
'< Dedicatory, 
 
 tliatofthc Apoftlc;, Tl?e heire labile he k ach'dde^ 
 dijfereth nothing from aferVant. 
 
 The late Earle of EfTex, when he was caft 
 downe with forrow, and yet to be employed 
 in Armes, bore a fable Shield without any fi 
 gure, but infcribed , Par Nulla Figura 
 DoLORi. Sir Thilip Sidney (to trouble you with 
 no more) denoting that he perfifted alwayes 
 one, depainted out the Cafj^ian Sea, furrounded 
 with its flioares, which neither ebbeth nor 
 floweth, and for Motto, Sine Refluxu. 
 
 Some may objed:, that in regard Tikings, 
 Tournaments, and Mafqucs, ( where Devffes 
 were much in requeft) are for the prefent laid 
 afide, therefore Vevifes are of lefle ufe. 
 
 Whereto I anfwer, that as thofe Jufting or 
 jelling Wars are difufed, fo have we now an 
 earneft, though much to be lamented Warre, 
 which renders them more ufefuU then ever, I 
 mtane for Cornets and Enftgnes • And of 
 thefc^ let mc alfo give yoG fome examples out 
 of the prefent times. On the Kings party, one 
 blares for his Cornet-Devife Saint Michael kil- 
 ling the Dragon for the figure , and for Motto^ 
 Quis Ur Deus ? Another is fo bold as to 
 
 bearc 
 
TheEfiJile 
 beare the pidure of a King Crowned and Ar- 
 med^vvith his Sword drawne, and thi3 Motta, 
 
 Melius est moiii in be llo , qjli am v i- 
 
 D E R E MALA G E N T I s N o s T R^. A third bcars 
 
 onely a Dye, with U t c u n q^li e q^uad ra t u s. 
 
 * The Natnra- ^ f^urth figures the beafi: called an ^ Ermyne ^ 
 
 lilts fay that yvith this Moffo, Mallem Mori Quam Fcc- 
 
 th/sbeaflwll a rr r r i i r^*^ i • 
 
 rather choofe to DA Ri. A hit reprelents hve hands Inatching at 
 It/:;?*^!''^ a Crown, defended by an armed hand and 
 fword from a Cloud, with this A/bffo, Red- 
 DiTE CiiesARi. A fixt figures a Landskip of a 
 pleafant Country, with houfes , corne , &c. 
 invaded by beggerly people, and for Motto , 
 Barbarus Has Segetes ? Sec. 
 
 On the Parliaments party we find one bea- 
 ring in his Cornet,the Sun breaking through a 
 Cloud with E X u R G A r e t d i s s i p a b u n t u r. 
 Another reprefents a Deaths -head,and a Law- 
 rell-Crown, with Mors vel victoria. 
 " A third figures an armed man, prefenting a 
 fword to a Biflhops breaft, withViSHE Epi- 
 scoPARE ? the Bifliop anfwering, N olo. 
 Nolo Nolo. A fourth fayes onely (with- 
 out any figure) Tandem bona causa trulmphat. 
 A fift reprefents the Sunne, difsipating a clou- 
 dy 
 
Dedicatory » 
 dy ftormej with Post nubila p hoe bus. 
 A fixt, figures an armed man ^ hewing off the 
 corners of an Univerfity Cap with his fword, 
 and this Motto ;, M n t o q_li a d r a t a roth n- 
 
 Now though thefe Deyifcs for the mofl: part 
 argue wit in the Compofers^yet many of them 
 are either imperfed or defedive, which may 
 be attributed to the want of the prefcribed 
 rules of this Art^ which this Treatile doth af- 
 ford you^together with a Synopjis or fliort view 
 ofHieroglyphtcksj Emblemes ^ ^yerjes of Medalls, 
 and all other inventions of vvit^ which any 
 vvayes relate thereunto. I might alfo fliew you 
 here how many feveral waies DeVtfes are ufeful 
 (efpecially for Seals, being drawn from fome 
 effentiall part of the bearers Armes) but that I 
 hold it not fit to foreftall the Reader in a Pre- 
 face. I am onely to beg pardon for my leflTe po- 
 liflit ftyle;,(which I flial the rather hope to ob- 
 tain^ fince things of this nature require a plain 
 delivery.rather the elegancy or affed:ed phrafe) 
 not doubting but that the difcovery of this 
 Art will yeeld fo great contentment to you, 
 whofc wits are elevate as fane above the vul- 
 
 gai^, 
 
The Epljlle^ ^c^. 
 
 gar, as are your rankes and qualities,that in 
 fome Academicall Sesfion, you- will decree 
 the Author tp be your Prefident, the Art your 
 Exercife. 
 
 Ex^dib. Interioris 
 Templi zy. Mart. T. % 
 
4 
 
 THE AUTHORS 
 
 R E F A C E 
 
 Ufcelli (an Italian Author) Jdkh, 
 that It helongeth onely to the m^ofl ex- 
 cellent ^Uts and heji refined' Iiulg- 
 ments to undertake the makinz of 
 DevileS;, and that it is a quality 
 li?hicl? hath beenjought and defired by many ^ but ojery 
 few haye been able to put it in execution. Paulus 
 Jovius (one of the choiceft "^its of his time , and the 
 firfl that enriched U4 Ipith this Art) confejfeth ingenu- 
 ouflyy that of himjelfe he could neyer make any one 
 f^hereof he could be entirely jatisfyed. Johannes 
 Andreas Palazzi inferrs from thence, that if it be 
 a difficult matter to frame a Devife;, compleated l^ith 
 all its properties, That a Fortiori it is a hard thing to 
 frefcribe precepts^ and fore out the ^ay to attaine to 
 that perfeSiion, As for my Jelfe I confeffe freely, that 
 being mo'Ved unto and inflruBed by my late Vncle Ro- 
 bert Eftienne in making Devifes, eight and twenty 
 yeares agoe, J made a greater quantity then and found 
 it alejje labor, then now, that I know the e^alkncy and 
 at fub- 
 
The Preface. 
 
 fuhtility of the Artfiphemn rcenly Ihaye taken Jog/eat 
 delight y that the exercife of Arms ^ could never divert 
 ynefromfo noble an employment^ lohkh hath alwaies 
 been to me a ipelUj^leajtng recreation amidft the fa- 
 tigues of li^ar. And as I endeavoured (a^s neer as pofft- 
 ble) to attaine to the perfection of this Art^ I applied 
 my felfe {ypith ecpuall care) fo r^*^ J ^/;e Greek;, Latin e^ 
 Italian ;, and French Authors , li?ho haVe treated of 
 Hieroglyphicks^ Symboles, EmblemeS;, ^Enig- 
 maes. Armories^, CimierS;, Blazons^, Reveries 
 of McdzWs, DtviCtSyandJuchlike inventions of Wit , 
 ivhich haVefome relation to each other ^ I dijiinguijhed 
 them the one from the other ^ for 7ny own particular ufe^ 
 and collected thence all thatfeerncd jnoft notable unto 
 me. At length being (oil! cited by my friends {^vho had 
 a great opinion of my ability for thcje Effaies^) I have, 
 adventured to publifh this little Tractate^ devoid of all 
 (Traces and embellijlomentSj contenting my fife onely to 
 difcoVer to others the light ""ivhich 1 could receive from 
 famous Authors . To the end that thofe who haVe lejfe 
 experience herein then ?ny felfe ^ may reap jome profit 
 thence. Snd that J may excite .jome better Genius 
 (wherewith this age isinuch more enriched then the pre- 
 cedent) to improve . my defgn andfupply ??iy defeBs - 
 Fromfuch Ihope happily to gaine fome favour {though 
 otherwife my labours Jucceed noty according to ?}iy aime) 
 
 fince 
 
The Preface. 
 
 Jmcelam the firft that hath treated ofthisfuhjecim 
 our mother tongue. In a tvord^ there's ho hegmnmgy hut 
 is difficulty nor is there any Tefant (though never fo 
 fimple) that merits not fome kmdof reco?n[)e?ice ;in 
 having been a guide andjhewed the way to a great num- 
 her ofCaptaimSy l^ho following ity haVe atcheiyed their 
 nohle defignes. 
 
 lam then refolved to entreat of Hieroglyphicks, 
 SymboleSj ^y reverfes of Medalls^ of the Anci- 
 ents (and ofthofe hut fummarily y hecaufe many haye 
 already heaten the fame TraEl) fnce mofl Writers 
 draw the origin of them from our Devifes ^ Kor will 
 J loje the opportunity to fay Jo}?iethingof'^nigi'nz'Sy 
 EmblemeS;, Gryphes, and Parables, As alfoof 
 ArmeS;, CimierS;, Blazons^ Cyphers^ and Re- 
 bus^ ivhich the un-knowing confound with Devifes^ 
 according to the neceffity of the dijcourfe^ which f?all 
 oblige us to unfold their differences. Wejlmll ohfer\c 
 the definition andEti??iologieofDc\iCcSy their origin 
 and antiquity y their utility and finall end. WeJJ?all {to 
 render them perfcFt) recite the rule; of their bodies^ 
 which fome call figures ^and cftheirWiottOQS tvhich aye 
 termed Souks and ivords^ with the relation they haVe 
 each to other y the places from ivhcnce they ought to be 
 drawne^and generally all that is to be obferVed tn bring- 
 ing a Devife topcrfcElion j yet Without undertakiji^ to 
 
 a 3 fla^ 
 
ThePreface: 
 ejlahlijh fuel? inVwlable ^les, either hy my owm par- 
 ticulctr opinion^ or in the name of the Italians , but that 
 I wtllfubmk my Judgment to the more learned in this 
 Art. Nor will it he held reafonable that we altogether 
 fuhjeSi ourfelves to the Italian Laws in this occurrence 
 offofmall concernment^ fince in all things elje they are 
 accujiomed to receive Law from our Jrmes. 
 
 Henry EJlienne 
 S' des Foflez. 
 
 AParis, 
 
 . Acheve dlmprimer pour la premiere foi^ 
 le 10. Mars, 164J. 
 
To my !I^l?le Friend^ 
 
 M' Thomas Blount, 
 
 upon his Tranjlation. 
 
 HOw could I ftyle, or thinke my fclfe a Friend 
 To thcc or Learning, fhould I not commend 
 This curious Piece of thine < So full of wit 
 As not to praife it, fliews a want of it. 
 Well may I termc it thine, fo many things 
 Added by thee, with rare Embelcfhings. 
 The fubje(5l lauds it felfc ; the heavenly fpheare 
 The Elements, and works of Nature bearc 
 The matter of this Art ; from whence toxir^aw 
 The life- conferring forme thou giv'ft the Law. 
 What Enftgne^ Armts^ or AWon that afpires. 
 But, to com pleat it, an Jmfrefe requires ? 
 What generous Soule will in a noble way 
 His MiflrefTe Comt, and not his wit difplay 
 In fome Devife f Let chofe who have but foule 
 Enough to cate and dririkc this work controule : 
 Wits will applaud it. anH the moft rcfin'd 
 Difclofc moft Entertaiumcnts for the Minde. 
 
 f . m Ar. 
 
The Names of the Greek, Latine, 
 
 Italian, and French Authors 
 
 ckcd in this Treatife» 
 
 Attltis GetUtii, 
 
 Alexander. 
 
 Alciat, 
 
 Atheneus, 
 
 ArijiotU, 
 
 Alexandra Farra, 
 
 Antipater. 
 
 Arvigio. 
 
 Academice Reu9vato. 
 
 Bihle, 
 
 Bttdaus, 
 
 Bargagli. 
 
 Barthohmy Ta'egio. 
 
 CAuJfinas* 
 
 Cicero, 
 
 Clearehus, 
 
 Clemens AlexAndrintis. 
 
 Charles E^iennies hiftory. 
 
 oiLorrsine, 
 Diomedes, 
 J>onntiis, 
 
 Demetrim Phahrius, 
 T>u Belly. 
 '^Cchylpu. 
 Bufehifts^ 
 BfkvetHS, 
 
 Traflaglatd lntronat9» 
 Gabriel Simeoni. 
 Hannibal Care, 
 HervdQtHS, 
 
 Hipparcbn4, 
 
 Horace, 
 
 Johannes Bodinus. 
 
 laqnes Tereliy Fane. 
 
 Ifih'innes Andreas FaUz^. 
 
 Lucan, 
 
 Luaovico Dominici, 
 
 Aiofcopnlds. 
 
 OUns Magnns. 
 
 Origen, 
 
 Orus ApoUo, 
 
 Ovid. 
 
 Pattliu lovius, 
 
 Phil0thc]i:W» 
 
 Pythagoras. 
 
 Pitriusx 
 
 Porphiritis, 
 
 PindarHS, 
 
 Paufanias, 
 
 Petrarch, - - 
 
 Plutarch, 
 
 P. Critus. 
 
 Ruffitpss Aquilienfts, 
 
 Rufcellk 
 
 Stacius, 
 
 SalmasJus. 
 
 Scipione Ammiratf, 
 
 Tipotihs. 
 
 nrgil. 
 
 Valla. 
 
 Faltriui Prohus. 
 
 THE 
 
THE ART 
 
 Ofmal/^ng 
 
 DEVISES: 
 
 r RE AT IN G OF 
 
 Hieroglyph icks, SymboleS;, Emblemes, 
 
 >fiiiigma s, Sentences, Parables^ Reverfes 
 of Medalls, Armcs, Blazons, Cimiers, 
 Cyphrcs and Rebus. 
 
 Chap. I. 
 
 Of Hieroglyphic^ 
 
 Here is no doubt, but that after the Hebrewes, the 
 Egyptians were the firft that did moft precifcly 
 addift themft'lves to all manner of Sciences ; nor 
 did they profcfle any on»?, which they cftccmed 
 more commendable, then that of Hiero^lyphick/, 
 which held the firft rank among their (ecret Di- 
 kipiints, whereof -^^yi" J had without doubt a perfed: Idea, as the 
 holy Scriptures teftific : From whence we gather, that he was ab- 
 (blutely perfcfl in all the learning of the Egyptians. 
 
 B Phil$ 
 
2 of Hiero^lyphicks* 
 
 Philo the Jew confirmes this more cleerly in the life ofMofex 
 which he hath written ; where it is obfcrved , that Mefes had 
 learned from the Doftors of Egypt, Arithmetic^. , Geometry ^ and 
 Mtifiqui, as well pr»<5lick as Theorick, together with this hidd«n 
 Phyiofophie,exprcfled byCharafters, which they term Hiiroglj'^ 
 pkicks, that is to fay, fome nasrks and figures of living creatures , 
 which they adored as Gods; Whence we prove the Antiqaity of 
 this Science, which had Mtfesiot her moft renowned I>ifciple. 
 And Pythagoras ( whofe Mafter in this Science was ^ntpheus 
 of Heliopolu) transferred it into Greece,w here he cnrich'd it with 
 many Symboltsthat bearchis name. 
 
 Nev(rthtlefrc it is not probable, that the Egyptians were abfo- 
 
 ^ Eufebiui lutely the firfl Authors of this Learning, fincc * Alexander (m the 
 
 makes mention Hiftorie ot the Jewes which he compiled; faith, that Abraham 
 
 of this Aiuhor. jj^^ J ^^^^ certaine time in the City ot Heliopolis with the Egy p- 
 
 tian Pritfts, to whom he taught ^y?ro/<>^«, which he gloried to 
 
 hare rcceiyedbyTraditionfrom£Kffc/5>, A;. d truly, the Principles 
 
 of other Sciences could not be mfufed by A!;raham into the minds 
 
 of Pofteriiy, without thcfe kinds of Symboles and •Enigma*/, 
 
 whichfetveasaRmdorBarktoconfcrve all the myfleries of our 
 
 Anceftors wifdome. 
 
 Befides, Gcd framing this world with fuch varieties of living 
 creatures,fet before the eyes of our firft Parents fome draughts and 
 refemblanccs, whence men might perceive, as through the tra- 
 verfeof aCloudjtheinfupponable rayesof his Divine Ma;efty. 
 Therefore E pi l^etM to good purpofe hath noted, that men have 
 within tht:irfoulcs -J^ ©sS wi^/So^*, fome Symboles and marks of 
 his Divinity ,whicf.God imprints in us.by the Species ofallthofe 
 obi ds which he ftts bs ftreour eyes. 'Twas for the farae reafon 
 that fo many obj ids which prefcnted themfelves to the view of 
 Adam^ Enoch, Mofes^ nnd Tht- other Patriarchs, were as fo maiqp 
 Charaders illuminated by vheDivine fplendour,fey means wh«rt* 
 oftheEcernall Wifdome did configne his name into the heart of 
 man. And I am the rather ot this opinion, becaufe I fee, that all 
 thofe, who (moved by the fame fpirit) have treated of themyflc- 
 fies of ©ur Rv ligion, have fhrowded them under the veiles of Fi- 
 gures and Symboles; We fee nothing more frequent in the one 
 and the other Tt fta ment. And truly the Hebrewes did fo efteemc 
 tfeis way of fpeaking and writing by Charafters , that all their 
 ~ ' difcourfes 
 
of Himglypkkks, 
 difcGurfcs which were fubtile and ingenious, tnd h«d in them 
 much grace and acuteneflc,they called M a s c h a l, which word 
 is properly und::rftood of Parables and Sirailitudcs. 
 
 But that which begot credulity that the Egyptians were the 
 firft inventors of this Science, wasthegrcat eftceme they had of 
 it, tnd the multitude of Figures which are «ngravcn by theoj in 
 all Monuments of Antiquity. 
 
 Pbile the Jew faith. That the Science of the Egyptians is two- 
 fold ; The one vulgar, plaine and expofcd to all the world, to wit, 
 Geometry » Aftrelogicy Arithmetick^^ and Mujiqne : The other ob- 
 ftrufe and facrcd, called H*Vr<7^^;y^/7/<r/{;/, which by themeanes of 
 fomc Sjmboles and Enigma's, did containe the grave and ferious 
 niyfterits as well of the faculty ofTheologie as of Phifiologieand 
 Policy : And this was onely common amongft the moft learned 
 Priefts. Therefore Origen calleth this Science ©f Symbolcs, 
 UpJii)&-)^-^l^tM.Ttt^ holy Utters. 
 
 Moreover, the Egyptians were wont to fay, that there was a cer- 
 tainc divine power that prefidcd in thefcienceof Hieroglyphicks 
 and illuminated the underftandings of ihofe who ftudyed it , bj 
 expelling thofc fhades of darkm fle occurring in the Meanders anc 
 ambiguities of fo great divcrfity of things, tocondud them to ; 
 perfcd and true knowledge of their Charafters. 
 
 The places whereon they incifed thefe Figure$,toconferve their 
 memory, were their laborious Obelifques, the well- wrought 
 Frontirpieces of their Temples, and the huge bulk of their Pyra- 
 mides, whereof i»c^» makes mention in thefe Verfes : 
 X^ondunt flumineos Memphis contexere Ubres 
 Noverat^ infaxistantum volMrefc^JerAq-^ 
 Scnlptatjii fervahant magic m animalid tingUM. 
 Nor yet knew Memphis (now grand Cairo nam'd) 
 With fluid Inke to write what they'd have fam'd : 
 Bird$„Beaflsofftone, engraven fliapes they us'd, 
 Asfignes, and bookes, of what they deeply mus'd. 
 Ammianus MarcekinHs myVci ample mention of the Figures 
 engraven upon thofe Pyramides, and faith, that they did not make 
 ufe of Lctters,as we doe, but that one onely Letter did fometimes 
 (ignifie a word, and one fole word a fentence, and did alfo expreffe 
 their minds by certain Charaders ; A$ by the Bee making Honey, 
 B 2 they 
 
of Hieroglyf hicks , 
 
 they meant a King that ought to obfttTe moderation md clemen- 
 cie amid the rigour of his Lawes : and fo of other Examples, 
 which I omit, to avoid prolixity. 
 
 Nor did the Egyptians onely make ufe of thefe Hicroglyphicks, 
 for that Science did extend to other Nations, even to the S^pten- 
 trionalls,asO/<«w^<<^««* witnefies. Wchave the eximple of 
 i<i/^»fW^,Kingof the Scythians, in Clemens Alexandrines ;^j ho 
 threatningWarre againll Dariw , infteadof a Letter , fent him a 
 Moufe, a Frog, a Bird, a Dart, and a Plough , giving him to under- 
 ftandjthathewouldconftrainehimto deliver up his Empire to 
 him: By the Moufe meaning t he Houfes; by the Frog, the Wa- 
 ters i by the Bird, the Ay re j by the Dart, the Armes ; and by the 
 Plough, the Soyls. 
 
 Others expound it thus : That if they did not fly like Birds, or 
 hide themfelves like Mice in the ground, or like Frogs in the wa- 
 ter, that they (hould not avoid the power of his Armes, denoted 
 by the Dart. 
 
 ThcSymbole, Enigma, Embleme, Fable and Parable dep.-nd 
 upon, and have affinity with this Science, yet they differ in iomc 
 refpeds. 
 
 Chap. II. 
 of Symhles, 
 
 THis word Sjmhole hath a large extent, according to the num- 
 ber of its fignifications : for being derived ■^^ to ox/w,S<«^^ot«« 
 t) (rvi/^a'f^a^ this word SjmbolHm muft of ncceflity have many In- 
 terpretations, which the Grammarians as well Greeks as Latines 
 have noted : For fometimes it fignifieth that which any one 
 brings for his part by way of contribution to a Feafl, other whiles 
 it is taken for the Feafl: it felfe ; fometimes for a Scale for Let- 
 ters, and fometimes it fignifieth the order, watch- word, or field- 
 word, given to Captalnes and Souldiets, and divers other things, 
 which draw their origin from thence. Befides, it importeth a 
 kind ofprefage or token offome future event; fuch as defire to 
 know more of it may confult Mofcofttlui. But that which is for 
 our purpofe above all this, it alfo fignifies the Armes of a To wnc, 
 or the Medal of a Princci And as the Greeks made ufe of Sy mboles 
 for their Cities and Lawes, fo alfo for intricate fentcnccs and my- 
 
 fticaU 
 
of Sjmholes, 5 
 
 fticall ir.attcrs. Therefore Ruffinm AqHtlienfis faith , that for this 
 reafon, the Apoftles publifhtd thcit Symbok-, by which :luy de- 
 clared thirbeleefe concerning Religion. Even (o the Pythago- 
 reans in a myfticali and abArelc fenfc, did by Symbolcs briefly de- 
 monftrate that which they would have to be obferved. In a 
 Word, the property of Symboles is to be concealed and enve- 
 loped in Labyrinths of obfcure fentcnces, which hath beenfo 
 muchobferved by P ythagor at ^x\iit thereby we know thofe which 
 are his. 
 
 lAortostr^Demetrius PhaUriw doth note one thing in Sym- 
 bolcs worthy obfervatioD, That a great fenfe ought to be compri- 
 fed undcrthe gravity and brevity of Symbolcs , whereof he gives 
 an example, when we fay, that the * Cigalesftng nfon thegrourjj \^'^^^^J p'^, ^ 
 as much as to fay, the trees are felled. Therefore brevity mixt with b"oaa-teadS' 
 a ccrtaine gravity, comprehending many things und^r one and the and moiuhlilc 
 fame fignificatior, is the property of a Sy mbole. flyes^ which 
 
 There are fome Symboles which are of the nature of Proverbs, ordincnlyiuon 
 and Pythagoras himfdfe made ufe of them, as when he faith , Ex l'"^^'^ Jhei/'"^ 
 cmni Ugnt ngnfit Mercurim, giving to underftand, That all wits faeaking^' fa- 
 arc not capable of Learning. ihion^both day 
 
 It is alfo to be noted,thatthcy are of three kinds, Morall, Natu- ^^^ "'g'lc • 
 rail, and Theologicall. Andthat whichispropofcd to us i" ^^efe Jj^^J"J^^f,y °^ 
 Symboles, by mcanesof the Corporeallfcnfes, doth penetrate our ven^whid ichey 
 undcrftanding. dravv into ihcm 
 
 The learned Caujfinm ('from whom I have borrewed the moft by cercaine 
 of that which I have fpoken concerningHieroglyphicks) faith in a ^o"gue-likc 
 Book he compiled thereof. That Symboles fin thefignification onchdXeafts 
 we treat oi) are no other, then the figncs of fome intricate thing r 
 or (as Bttdaui would have it) they are but fimilitudes and rcfem ■ 
 blinces of things naturall. 
 
 Hereunto I will adde, That the Ancients themfelvcs made ufe 
 of Symboles inftcad of Epitaphs, upon the tombes of the dead, 
 without any other Infcription, as it is to be feene in one of Anti- 
 pdters Epigrammes of a woman,on whofe U rne were engraven a 
 Bridle.aHcad-ftall, andaCcck; The Ccck fignifitd Vigilance; 
 the Bridle,that ftie was the Modcratrix of the houfejand the Head- 
 ftall, that (he was very retentive in words. There is another ex- 
 ample hereof in the learned Salma^iw his Exercitations upon 
 Plhy. 
 
 B 3 Chap. 
 
Chap. III. 
 of the J^nigmA, 
 
 ip Nigmals a Greek word, which fignifieth an obfcureand in- 
 tricate fpecch or fentence, fo that in holy Scripture it is often 
 taken for a myfticall andabftrufe matter, and Philofophers them- 
 (elves, with other famous Authors, have attributed the name of 
 Sjmbole to Enigma's. Gellim faithjthat '^nigm^'s are alfo cal- 
 led Gryphes^ from the name of a c<:rtain Net, forafmuch as at Ban- 
 quets (where Enigma's arc much in requeft J the underftandings 
 oftheFcaftcrs are caught (as it were in netsj by obfcure qucfti- 
 ons. Amongft the Greeks they alfo took their denomination 
 from Cups and Goblets, for that they are ufed amongft fuch in- 
 ftruments. But let us leave this Difcourfe to Grammarians, as al- 
 fo the difference between Gryphc and EKigma,tocomcto the de- 
 finition. 
 
 The <yf.nigma (according to Biemedes znd Donatm) is an cb- 
 fcurefentence,exprcfledbyanoccultfimiiitudeof things, or it is 
 afpeechhard to be underftood in refpeft oftheobfcurity of the 
 Allegory : And for this reafon Fabius hath written,that the <^ntg' 
 ma was called a very obfcure Allegory ^^ re cdn^n 70 (uv\<sf^i 
 which (ignifies to fpeak obfcurely and ambiguoufly. 
 
 The Grj'p/jr (according to Ciearchm) is a fportivc queftion, 
 
 which exadls an information of the matter, contained in the fen- 
 
 tence propofed, be it for honour or reprehenfion. Cicero doth not 
 
 approve the ufe of it in Orations, bectuleobfcurity therein is a 
 
 great defeft : But it may very well be ufed at merryments and in 
 
 Princes Courts , for as much as fuch queftions dee whet mens 
 
 wits, and hold them in fufpence, to the great contentment of the 
 
 hearers. No w of c^»»^w<»V,fome are obfcure in words only,fome 
 
 in their fenfc and meaning, and others both in the one and other. 
 
 Thefe are commonly derived from Similitude, Diffimilitude, 
 
 Contrariety, Accidents, Hiftory, Eqaivocall termes, and other 
 
 figures of Rhaorick, according to the variety of Languiges. 
 
 Clearchus and Atheneni (whofe opinions AhIhs Geliitit folio w- 
 
 eth) doe allowofth.^m in ferious matters, and in other fubjedls 
 
 of Philefophic. In times paft rewards were afTigned to thofe 
 
 that could explicate t/C»»|f»<»'/ , when contrary wife, thofe that 
 
 were Non-plus'd by them, were condemned in a ccrtaine Fine. 
 
 Chap* 
 
of Bfnbkmes, 
 
 Chap. IV. 
 
 of MmbUmes, 
 
 T Hough m Embleme hath fome affinity with the Enigma, 
 it differs notwithftanding in this, that drawing (« it were) 
 the Curtaine from before the Enigma , it declares the matter 
 more plainly : Tor the Embleme is properly a fwcet and morall 
 Symbole, which confifts of pidare and words, by which fome 
 weighty fentence is declared. See an Example. 
 
 Emblemes are reduced unto thcee principall kinds , x/i-c, of 
 Manners,ofNature,ofHiftory or Fable. Thechicfc aime of the 
 BmblemeiSjtoinftmauSjbyfub/cding the figure to our view, 
 
 and 
 
of PAr Abies. 
 
 and the fen fe to ouc undetftandin^ : therefore they muh be fome* 
 thing coverr-fubtile, pleafanta idfignificative. Sothar,ifthe pi- 
 duR-scfitbetoocoEDmonjitoughttohave a myliicali fenfe ; ii 
 they befoaiethingobrcure,they muftmore clearly informe us by 
 the words, provided they b^ an:)lcgick and correi'pondent. Thus 
 much for the <-/£mgma, may fufficc, fince Alciat , and many other 
 Authors have entreated thereof more at Isrge. 
 
 Chap. V. 
 of parables And Apkgues. 
 
 THe Parable is a (imilitude taken from the forme to the forme, 
 according to ^r//?(?r/^;thatistofay, a Comparilon in one 
 or many affections of things, otherwife much unlike. Thof- 
 Grammarians are miftakcn, that affirme , that a Parable cannot be 
 taken but from things feigned, for it may bedrawne from any 
 Hiil:ory,as well Naturail as Morally and fometimcsfrom Fables, 
 but in fuch cafe Parables are properly called A^oUgnes^ luch are 
 thoie of ^fop. 
 
 There are two kinds of Parables, the one vulgar, which com- 
 orehends the common and triviall fimilitiades; the other facred, 
 which is drawnefrom amore holy and myfticallduArine. 
 
 I have fpokcnofallthefe things in the firfl: place, to the end, 
 that viewing the definition and naturcsof them, we benothtnce- 
 forth troubled to difcerne them from Dtvifes^ whereof we are a- 
 boHt to commence our Difcourfe. 
 
 Chap. VI. 
 
 of the EtimoUgie and vefnition ef Devifes, 
 
 IN this point, Scarcity rcflrainesmeontheonefide, and Super- 
 fluity diftra(fls me on the other. I find not any man that fhews 
 me the Etimologieofthis word, I>tfi'»/> .-And in its definition the 
 Italians have fo many different opinions, that it is a hard matter 
 to difcovct which of them is the bclV. 
 Thofe that have written oiDevifes in Latine, as TifottHs, (who 
 
 hath 
 
of Devpfes. 
 
 h»th mtde an ample coUcAion of them^ calls it Hierogra^hie ; be- 
 . caufe C faith he ) it is a more facred fignification of the thing, or of 
 thcpcrfon, which is not onely exprcfled, but alfo impreffed with 
 Characters and Letters. He calls it facred, not onely becaufc the 
 invention in it fclfe is facred, if yoa attribute it to the Egyptians ; 
 or for that almoft every thing was by the Pagans tfteemcdholy, 
 and to be honoured with Divine Worftiip j But alfo, becaufc that 
 after the manner of royfteries,it conceales more then it difcovers. 
 
 Heobferves, that the Charadlers were painted,carvcd,or engra- 
 ven, and the Letters written, either to forme fiHables, words, or 
 fentences i Therefore that Author divides Hierogrdphj into Hie- 
 roglyphick and Symbole: whereof the firft is taken for tbc^idure, 
 as the other for the infcription. 
 
 The Italians call a Devife an Imfrefcy deriving it from the vcrbe 
 Imprendere, which (ignifies, to undertake; becaufc the ancient 
 Knights did beare upon their Shcilds a BeviCe^ difcovering thcde- 
 figne of their enter prize^ which is called in Italian y»/»r^/<r, and 
 that doth alfo fignifie a gallant and heroicke aftion. Pa/azzi con- 
 founds this word Deviff(vfh\ch he fo cals in Italian) with that of 
 Liftre'e , but wee take it not according to that fignification : For 
 Liurees are Badges, Liveries, or Cognizances, and a Devife is no- 
 thing elfe with us,but the Imprefeof the Italians,and in that fence 
 Gfihriel Simeonittkcs it.Thereforc I am of opinion, that the De- 
 vife, hiving the fame end and fcope, ought alfo to have the fame 
 originall ; And it is vt^ry probable, that this French word is taken 
 from ArchiteElure ; For when a Matter Mafon.or Archite(ft,un- 
 dertakcs a building, he layes the Plat-forme and Devife of it, to 
 make the agreement j infomuch,as from this word I>fw/r( which 
 is the difcourfe made upon the Strudure of the whole edifice) 
 comes the term of devijing a worl^^or devijing a ifuildiftg-^thit is fo 
 fay, to lay the plot or dcfign of it,and from thcncc,without doubt, 
 Cometh this word Devife^ which is, as in Image of our inclinati- 
 ons or afieftions. Beiides, w« have a more particular definirion of 
 it,in this French werd Devifer^ whereof Du Belief makes ufe, 
 when he faith Devifer ^Melqu'vn^in ftead of delcribinj^ or difplay- 
 ing peoples manners : And truly > a man cannot birtter drp tint the 
 humour or palHon of any perfon, then by making h's Deviie. his 
 by it (isPala^i^iitith) that wcrcprclcntanddifcovi.r httmantf 
 palfions, hopes, feates, doubts, diidaine, anger, pltafurw, /oy,<ad- 
 C ncfle. 
 
lo oftht Btimologie And Vefinitien 
 
 neffe, care, hatred, fricncl(hip,love, defires, and all other motions 
 ofthefoule. This I take to be the true Etimologie of the word, 
 which relates more to the purpofe, and hath a more proper fignifi- 
 cation then the Imfrefe of the Italians, fince they doe not cnly ex- 
 preffc generous delignes by their Imprefes ( as Bargagly faith ) but 
 alfo all kinds of fancies, and other afifedtions, which nevcrthelefle 
 the Terb Imfreniere doth not include in the Italian fignification. 
 
 As for the definition of a Dtvife ( according to the Trad which 
 Ammirato hath compiled on this fubjed, and entituled, 11 Rota) 
 the true Devife is that which beareth the pifture of feme living 
 creatur^. Plant, Root, Sun, Moon, Starrcs, or of any other corpc- 
 realfubjedjwith fome words,fentence,or proverb, which fervtas 
 it were foritsfoule. Moreover, this Author adds, that a Devife is 
 no other thing,then an expreflion of our mind, or a d;:claration of 
 our thoughts,veyled neverthekflfe under a knotty conceit of words 
 and figures: fo that being too obfcure, and therefore unintelligible, 
 it rather merits the name of an ^mgrna^thcn that of a Devifff i He 
 faith f urther,that as fome define Poetry to be a Philofophy of Phi- 
 lofophers: that is to fay, a delightful meditation of the learned : (o 
 we may call a Devife the Philofophie of Cavaliers. 
 
 But Bargagli (who is one of the lift Authors that hath ferieufly 
 handled this Art) checks this definition oi AmmiratOy and proves 
 it infufficientjand not particular enough for a Devife ; for that the 
 Embleme and Reverfe of Medals may be comprized in it : There- 
 fore he defines it thus particularly ; faying, Tisat a Devife ii an a-t 
 mafsing or connexitn of figures and vfords/oftriEily Hftited together , 
 that being confidered apart , thej cannot explicate themfelves di' 
 fiinStly the one without the other. 
 
 But to give you a definition, which may be effcntiall, and more 
 appofite for the Devife, it is needfuU to know the fubflance, true 
 forme and propriety of it ; Let us therefore fearch out thefe three 
 parts of the Devife in other Authors. 
 
 The fecret Acadcmicks of Breffe hold that a Devife is a 
 myfticall medley of picture and words, reprefenting in a narrow 
 roome to all thofe, whofe fancies are not altogether blunted with 
 want of knowledge , lome fecret meaning,in favour of one or 
 more perfons. 
 
 Contiie is of opinion, that a Devife is a thing compounded of fi- 
 gures and word$,which difcover fome gallant and heroick defign: 
 
 And 
 
of Devifes. j j 
 
 And (to explain hiffifclf) faith,that the term oiComfofitien holds 
 the place of » GenHt ^Predicament in this dtfinitionjThat that re- 
 femblarxe or relation which difcovers the Authors intention is to 
 be found in the figure, That the words reprefent a ftiort difcourfe 
 infomefortobfcure, the fence whereof relates to the particular 
 quality of the figure, whereto it fcrvcs in lie w of a foule : And that 
 the hcroickdcfign holds the rank of D(jf^rtf«c^, being here, as the 
 form that fpecifies the true propriety o\ the BeviCe, 
 
 Bargagli doth not altogether approve of this definftion,having 
 obferved, that an effentiail part of the Devife is therein wanting, 
 which is the Ctmfarifeny and upon the word Similitude (he faith) 
 that Author doth not fufficiently explicate himfelf ; befides that, 
 Devifes are not alwayes framed for noble and magnanimous Dc- 
 figneSjbut indifferently to reprefent any paflion of the mind. 
 
 And according to FaUz.z,iy^ Devife is a nacans to expreflc fomc 
 one of our more particular conceptions, by the Pourtraid of fomo 
 thingjWhich of it felfe hath fome relation to our fancy, and by the 
 ufc of fome words, which are proper to thefubjed. This Author 
 unfolds alfothe parts of thisD^j5»>>w«,putting for the Ge»fu,thtt 
 a Devife u a me arte s to exfreffejome Conceptions ^ and for the Dif^^ 
 ferencCyhe tidtSfXhtt the conceit of our famieii expreffed^jtheFi" 
 gnre, and that this Figure is nece^arily accompanied with a concife 
 Motto3y the terme ^ourfancie, he (he wes that 'tis in this,that ■ 
 Devife differs from Sin£ml;leme,y/hkh isput for a general precept, 
 and not for any one particular perfon.-ff/ the\figure of one thing and 
 not of divers, for that one onely thing (ufficeth to make a perfcd: 
 Devife, though we may make ufe of two or three ; Co that this 
 number, ought never to be exceeded : ncverthcleffe, we may fay 
 that by thofc two or threc,one onely thing isreprelented.Hc addes 
 thereto, this terme (of it felfe) to the end,that all helpe of colours 
 ( which we ufc in Blazons ) may be excluded. He addes further, 
 that it hath fome relation j that is to fay, it is not to be ufed withoat 
 reafon;to the end,that Cyphers in particuler be re jcfted, whereof 
 the figures fcrve to no other end then to reprefent the nimcs of 
 the perfons for whom they are made. And laflly he faith,that the 
 Figure mufi be accompanied with a Motto, to flic w the difference 
 between a Devife, sind other reprefentation$,where words arc not 
 rcquirite,as in Devifes,v/hete the Motto is an eflfentiall part,giving 
 the formc,ind as it were thi foule to the body. The Commentator 
 C * upon 
 
u of the Defiftftm 
 
 upon PanlM lovitu faith , That 4 Devife it a praper Badge of any 
 9ne, taken tofcrve as an ornament or declaration of fame thing^which 
 he hath done, u to do,or uftiBin doing.'&nt this (according to Bar- 
 gagU is proper to theReverfe of Medals, where matters ofFad are 
 rcprcfented.Butamongft allthe definitions,that ofBargagly is the 
 moftexad, where he (ailh, Th^itt Devi/eu no other things hut a 
 particular and rare coneeipt ofwitywhich u made by means of a fimi- 
 litude or comparifon^havingfor that pur pofe the figure offome thing 
 either naturaU (/« it be not bumane ) or artificial/, accompanied of 
 neceffitj with acute fubtile^andeonctfe -words. 
 
 The firft part of this definition is taken for the Cenui : For as 
 much as we may expreflethofe conceptions by other meanes, by 
 gefturesoraftions, words, charadtrs, and letters. Therefore hs 
 immtdiatly faith.that 'tis by vfay ofComparifon^ and therein is the 
 principall and cffentiall difference of the definition ; fince he doth 
 not allow that to be called a Devife, which hath no fimilitude or 
 comparifon , with the figure of fome natural or artificial thing, 
 Thefctermes giye us better to underftand the difference of the do' 
 finition, in explaining the way of the comparifon,which is drawn 
 from the nature or propriety of the thing figured; from whence, 
 ( as from their proper place) fimilitudcs may be drawn, fit for our 
 purpofe.Nevcrtheleffe,hedoth not allow us to makeufe of the hu- 
 mane figure therein : But addes farther, that the figure mufi be ac' 
 companiedwith a cencife andfubtile Motto ; to the end,wc may di- 
 ftinguifla a pcrfedt Devife, horn that which hath no words ( and 
 which for that reafon merits not that namej) as alfo to diftinguifli 
 it from EmblcmeSjReYcrfes of Medalls^and fuch like inventions. 
 
 This luft definition feemeth to me the moft exad ahd rigorous 
 of all : For to fay t he trulh,to kt forth or defend a perfcd Devife, 
 if ought to hive all thofc conditions,according to the gcnerall opi- 
 nion of the moft learned Authors, And Taulus lovias f though hee 
 hath not al wayes been fo exad an obferver of that Law, which in 
 Devifcs prohibits the ufe of any figure of humane body) is furely as 
 well excu{abletherein,as thofe Authors,who to good purpofe,tnd 
 gracefully have made ufe of the Images of fomc falfe Divinities : 
 And as for the comparifon,! am clcer of opinion, that in it confifts 
 the greatcft flight and fubtilty of this Art j Not but that very hand- 
 fome Devifes may be compofed by ether means : but they cannot 
 be pcrfc<l ip all points, unlcffe they be formed upon fomc coflBpi** 
 rifon. " "As 
 
ofDtvifes. 1 3 
 
 As for the Connexion of the words with the body of the Bevife^ 
 I am of his opinion, that there is no invention thai merits the title 
 ofDevife^iiit be deprived of a Motto. 
 
 Chap. VII. 
 of the ExceUenciemdVulity 9f Devifes. 
 
 ONeoftheadrantagcs which raifcs us above all other living 
 Creatures, is the principle and faculty which enables us to 
 communicate and under ftand each others will. Hoc enim uho fre- 
 fiamui velmaximefirii^uod collo^uimur inter »os, & ^uodcxpri- 
 mcre dicendofenfafoffumusy faith CiV^ro : But amongft all exter- 
 nal! wayes of cxprefling our conceptions, be it by word, fentence, 
 or geflurc; there is one which we c^\\DevifeJ by meanes whereof 
 the moft pregnant wits difcover to their like, all the motions of 
 their foule ; their hopes, feares, doubts, difdaincs, affrights, anger, 
 pleafurc and j oye$,anguiflies and forrowes,hatred andlovc,defires 
 and other hcart-pofleffing pafTions. And by how much this way of 
 expreflion islcfle ufuall with the common people, by fo much is it 
 the more excellent t For it is cleane another thing to exprefle our 
 conceptions by a foule and a body, or (if you will) by figures and 
 words,thento manifcft them by way of Difcourfe. Bargagliiiith. 
 withgoodreafon,That aD*v»/^is nothing elfe,but a rare and par- 
 ticular way of expreffing ones felf j the mofl compendious, mod 
 noble,»mofl plea(ing, and mofl efficacious of all other that humane 
 wit can invent. It is indeed moft compendious, (incebytwoor 
 three words it furpafleth that which is contained in the greatefl 
 Volumes. And as a fmall beame of the Sun is able to illuminate and 
 replenifh a Cavern (be it never fo vaft) with the rayes of its fplen- 
 dor:So zDevife enlightens our whole underftanding,& by difpel- 
 ling the darkneffe of Errour, fills it with a true Piety, tnd folid 
 Vertue.It is in thefe Devifes as in a Mirrour,where without large 
 Tomes of Philofophy and Hiftory,wc may in a ftiorttraft of time, 
 and with much cafe, plainly behold and imprint in our minds,all 
 the rules both of Morall and Civill life ; tending alfo much to the 
 benefit of Hidory, by reviving the memory of fuch men^ who have 
 C 3 rendred 
 
34 of tk EKcelleme 4fid ytiUty 
 
 rendred themfelves illuftriousin all forts of conditions, and in the 
 prafticc of all kinds of Vertae. 
 
 It is the moft noble way, fince the petfons, for whom Devi/es 
 oBght lawfully to bee compofed, ought to be of a very eminent 
 quality, or of an extraordinary vertue ; fuch as all Soveraignes or 
 Minifters of State, Empcrours, Kings, Princes, Generals of Ar- 
 mies, Perfons of Honour, and the moft renowned Profeflburs of 
 Arts and Sciences. And to fay truth,Princes and their chicfe Mini- 
 fters are the perfons that doe moft earneftly defirc them, as if 
 thofe noble minded Soules (created by God to command and 
 rule ) had received from him a particular inclination to whatfoe- 
 ■ver is Divine, or Auguft, as well on earth, as in the minds of men. 
 There are alfo fome Princes, that have addidled themfelves to the 
 invention oiDevifes ; of which there is no fmall number amongft 
 the Italians. And with the French, we find the grca« King Frttncu^ 
 who (beiidcs the glorious Title of Conqaerourj deferved that of 
 Learnings Rcftaurator ; and to whom the Family of the EfiUnn(s 
 hath fuch particular obligations : I meane Francis the firft, who 
 daigncd himfelf to become the Author of his own Devife, where 
 hecaufed a Salamander to be put into a fire with this Italian Mot- 
 to, NuTRisco Et 'ExTlHG0yi.e,laf»n9firiJhedhyitjand 
 ferijhbjit. As F^»/w J^<?f /;«^ doth affure us. 
 
 Moreover, the invention is pleafing and efficaciou$,'fince to the 
 contentment of the fight, it addes a ravifhing of the mind, and that 
 tothefatisfaftionbothoftheone and the other ; it brings alfo 
 fome profit and utility ,which is theperfeftion of a work : where- 
 fore it furpafleth not onely all other Arts, but alfo Painting, fince 
 this onely reprefcnteth the body and exquifite features of the face, 
 when as a Devife expofeth the rare conceipts, and gallant refolu- 
 tions of its Aathor,far more perfpicuoufly ,and wit h more certain- 
 ty, then Phy fiognomy can, by the proportions and lineaments of 
 the face. It alfo much excelleth Poetry, in that it joyncth profit 
 with pleafure ; for as much as the moft part of Poeticall inventi- 
 ons tend onely to adminifter delight, when as none merit the Title 
 of true and perfect Demfes , unlefte they beget content with their 
 gentilleffe , and yeeld profit by their Doftrine. For they not onely 
 cxprefTe our beft farcies, but alfo render them in a more delightfull 
 and vigorous manner, then that which is ufed either in (peaking or 
 writing. By the conceipts of the Devife,you declare ths humour or 
 
 inclination 
 
of Vevifes, ij 
 
 inclination of him that beares it , during the whole courfc of his 
 life, and in refpeft the invention ohhe Devife is grounded upon 
 fome good defign, the bearer is obliged* ever to appear to all tha 
 world, fuch, as he hath declared himfelfe by it ; as if it were an 
 obligation figncd with his hand, and fealcd with his feale, which 
 fhould conftraine him never to depart from the exercife of Vertue, 
 or as if it were a continuall renewing of the Proteftation he hath 
 made,is well by the Figure, as by the Motto of his Devife, not to 
 commit any unwotthineffc , nor any thingcontrary to that con- 
 ception of mind. 
 
 The effieacie ofa Devife fp reads it felfe yet further externally, 
 ferving as an example to others; infomuch, as by its quaint con- 
 ceptions and fimilitudes, the Beholders ara excited and cnflamcd 
 to the fcarch of Vertue, and to propofe to thcmfelves fomc fuch 
 gallant defignes. It is not onely ufetuU to thofe that are neere us, 
 but alfo to thofe that are further off; yea to thofe that {hall come 
 after U5,by leaving them a perpctuall remembrance of the excel- 
 lencie ©f wit,& comendable qualities of him that did compofe or 
 bear it : Befides, it is a mean$,much more proper then either profe 
 or verfCjto make his friends or confidents underfland his fecret in- 
 tention : a Lover may ufe it , as the Spokefman of his afFcdlion to 
 his Miftreflie ; a Matter to his Servitor ; a Prince to his Officers, or 
 Subjefts : for the length of Poems , and prolixity of great Dif- 
 courfes in bookcs,often foyle the Readers, when as the whole mea- 
 ning of aDevife is no fooner looked upon,but conceived by the in- 
 telligent Reader. Moreover, a Devife ptefents it^ felfe to the 
 eyes of all the world,in being placed upon Frontice-pieces of hou- 
 fes,in GallcrieSjUpon Armes, and a thoufand other places, whence 
 it becomes a delightfuUobjedtothe fight, e\en whether we will 
 or no, and by that meanes we are in a manner obliged to Icarne the 
 Conception of him that bears the Devife. 
 
 'Tis true, this Art is one of the moft difficult, that any wit that 
 is acut«, and rich in invention can pradife Caccording to the judg- 
 mtT^^oi Pauluf Joviui) and doth onelyappeare facile to thofe that 
 never did exercife it ; or though they have made fome Effayes of it, 
 I do affurc my felfe , their Bevifts were not legitimate, nor their 
 Rules obfcrvcd : For Bevifes are not like thofe VefTels of 
 Earth , which are made as foon as thePotter hath cad them in 
 the Mould. Rcade HMnmkdl Curo upon this fubje<^ , who 
 
 writes 
 
1 5 of the Origin dnd Antiquity 
 
 writes his opinion to the DutchefTe of VrlfaiH in thefe very terms. 
 Vevifes are net things which are wetrvith in bo»ks^ or which are 
 made accorMng t9 the/nddenfancie tf an Author ; they often require 
 leng meditation, and itfeldome happens that they are created by a 
 Caprichio,«r an extravagant [ally of wit ; 'tu true^fueh are feme- 
 times better then thofe, that have made tu pumpe a longer time ; 
 but it belongs onely to the expert Profefors of that Art^ to be thus 
 happy intheproduElionofDevifes, 
 
 My defign in propofing all thefe difficulties hath not beenc to 
 withdraw good wits from the(e neat EfTayes ;»* but onely to Qie w 
 that this Art hath this common property with the beft andmoft 
 excellent things of this world, that it is difficult, and not acquired 
 but by a long ftudy. 
 
 Chap. VIII. 
 of the Origin and Antiquity ofDevifes, 
 
 THofcCwhofe fcrutiny into the Origin of Dcvifes foares high- 
 eft) doe derive it from God himfeUe,and affirmc that he is the 
 firft Author of thcm,fince he planted the Tree of Life.or rather the 
 Tree of Knowledg of Good and Evil in the terreftrial Paradifccx- 
 plaining himfelf by thefe words,N B Come das. Bcfides,intbc 
 old Teftament in building the Tabernacle ic thcArkyhc appointed 
 the Figures which he would have to be engraven, with his o wnc 
 Hiouth,asthc CherubinsoiGo\dyBe/lsyCandlefiick^,theTable and 
 Altar of Cedar ( which is fubj ed to no corrupt ion ) the Brajfe 
 Grates about the Altar , the Pomegranets upon the Borders of the 
 High Priefts Veftment/o fignifie Concord and Union,and feveral 
 forts of Vcflels, Inftrumcnts, precious Stones, Figures, Colours, 
 Veftraents, and other things.In the New Teftament, the Pafchall 
 £itnb with this Motto!, Ecce Q^i Tollit Pbccata 
 M u N D I : The Lyoa,Ox€, Eagle, and Man, to fignifie the tout 
 Evangelifts. It is there alfo where we fee the Holy Ghoft deno- 
 ted by the Dove, and our Saviour Jefus ChriftbythcPellican, 
 who hath (hed his precious blood for his young ones: we may alfo 
 fee him reprefented there by the Sun, the Rock and the Lilly. 
 If the fourfe of Devifes have not fo noble and ancient an Origin 
 
 it 
 
of Devifes. J - 
 
 itmuftbce at leaft derived from the Hieroglyphicks of the Egyp- 
 tians, who by the formes and figures of divers Animals, feverall 
 Inftruinents,Flowers,Hearbe$,Trees, and fuch like things accou- 
 plcd and compofcd together in (lead of letters did deliv r their 
 minds and conceptions. As when they would fignifie a vigilant 
 man.they would figure the head of a Lyon; becaufe (acco d.ng 
 to theNaturalifls ) that Beaft lleepes with his eyes open : When 
 they would expreffe an acknowledgment ©f fome good turn, they 
 ipainted a Stork, and fo of others ; whereof many examples are to 
 be feen in Orns y^/>oZ^#(cariou{ly tranflated and commented on by 
 CaufttiHs ) P terms,? or fbir'iHSy in the Fourth Book of Abftincnce 
 from Meat,and elfe- where. And that which Potts faign oiProteus 
 to have tran$%medhimfelffometimes into a Lyon; fometimcs 
 into a Bull ; fomctimes into a Serpent, fire, water, and into a 
 thoufand other fliapes, proceeded without doubt from this, that 
 he was learned in the Science of the Hieroglyphicks : This King 
 (the moft at;c ent of theEgyptians)did beare upon his head fome- 
 timei the head of a Lyon ; fometimcs of an Oxe, or of fome other 
 living Creature, to lignific the conception of his mind, and the 
 defigncs which he had in hand. 
 
 Againft this opinion oi Andreas PdUz^s:.*, Bargagii 3 ffirmes, 
 that Devifes have no more refemblance with the Hieroglyphicks 
 of the Egyptians, then with thofc of the holy Scriptures , which 
 expreflc unto us the myfteries of Religion, and of ail things facred,- 
 nor doth he allow , their Origin to be derivded from Reverfes ef 
 Medals ; forafmuch as they did onely ferve to reprefent fome me- 
 morable thing , happening at that time, and had no defigne to 
 manifcft any a^c'ftions or humane paflions; whereas the Df- 
 vife ferveth to difcovcr to our friends or eqaalls the conceipts 
 of our mindes , which wee would not have knowne to o- 
 thers. 
 
 As for my fclfc, I am of opinion, that as all Arts and Sciences 
 were not perfcfted in their Infancy,but were compleated by little 
 an^littU: fo theft Hieroglyphic' sand Symbols were a Species 
 of that, v/hichweciMDcvtfe: For it is certain, that under thefa 
 veiles lye hid Ibmc rare mcanmg, and that thofe who firft framed 
 Devifes had no oxhcr Idea then onely that. 
 
 But ( fctting afide the Hieroglyphicks ) doe we not fee a great 
 refemblance of Devifes, even from the time of the Theban Warrc 
 
 D Cwhich 
 
I $ of the origin and Amiquit'j 
 
 (which was 1 300. yeares before the Incarnation of our Saviour^ 
 as cyffchjlM noteth, in his Tragedy, entituled , Thtfevett befare 
 Thebes ^ where (fpeakingof C^;?4«<r«*^ he faith,that in his Shisld 
 he had a naked man painted with a flaming Torch in his hand,und 
 thefc words written in Letters of Gold,] eBruslerayLa 
 CiT'gy I will burn the City. The fame Author (fpeikingot Etee-^ 
 iles){i\x\iy That he bore upon his Buckler or Shi^jld the pidure of 
 an arnsed man,placing a Ladder againft a wall, with thefe words. 
 Mars Mesme Ne Mk Pourra Repoussir De 
 La M u R a I l l b , /. ^. M^rs himfelf fballmt refnlfe me from 
 the wnU. We fee in Pindarw, that in tiic fame Warrc, Am^hiaraw 
 bore a Dragon on his Shield. Stacitu like wife writetb, that CapA- 
 ntui and Polyniees borc,the one an Hydra, the 01 her a Spy nx. The 
 Ancients ^or the moft part madeufeofthcfekindof D^-z/j/r/in 
 their Shields, and Cimlsrs, or habiliments for the head, which is 
 plainly fcen in Virgily^neid. 8. when he numbers the people that 
 came in the behalf of Z«r»»«f, againft the Trojans. Therefore in 
 this I approve the opinion ofPalazzi, and rejc<3: that oiBargagli, 
 though it be true, that all the rules ofDevlfes are not there obler- 
 ved ; for in fom«,y0U may fee humane figures and bodies without 
 foulcs or words : But thefc Cenfurtrs flaould have lived before 
 thofe Ancients to have prefcribed them the Law. I am eafily per- 
 fwadedjthatifthofc inventions ofwit merit not the name ofDe- 
 vifesy that they have at leaft a great affinity with them, and that 
 they were the Pattern by which ours were contrived. But ( I be- 
 feech yeu) (hall we not approve of :hat which we read in Pdufa- 
 niof concerning AgamemngH, who going to the Trojan Warres, 
 bore the head of a Lyon carved upon his Shiela ( to intimidate the 
 gnemy) with theie words. 
 
 Hic Payor. Est Hominum, Manibus Gerit 
 HuNC Agamemnon. 
 
 This Agamemnon i» hk hands dath bedr, '" 
 To(trikey$H mtrtaUs mth 4 f/i»mck^feare, 
 
 Tot we may perceive in it fomeeflentiall parts of a Devife j the 
 figUKC t»l{cp from nature, and without humane face, accompanied 
 
 with 
 
ofDivifes. ip 
 
 with worcIs,and a fit comparifon, propofing s gallant df figncand 
 a particular conceipt oi wit. That alio which Cafar fixed on the 
 Gates of his Palace , cannot be altogether rcjcAed by BargagU^ 
 though he approve it not : 'TwasanOken Crewn, which tha 
 Romanes called Civiqutyio fignifie, that his aft'^dionto war ds the 
 people was fo tender, that he rxiade more account of the prefrva- 
 tion of one Citizens lifc,then ©f the deftru(5li©n of flsany Enemies; 
 That was at leaft intelligible in thofe times, when all the world 
 knew that the Civlque Crown was given for a Guerdon co him 
 that had faved a Citizen : do we not fee that it declares a conce- 
 ption, and propofcs that which he dcfireS to execute? Is not this 
 defign commendablc,and doth it nor favour of Gallantry? 
 
 As couching the Hieroglyphicks , and the Symboles of holy 
 Scripture, which BargagU affirms to have no refemblance with 
 our Devifes ; becaufe by them facred myfteries and points of Re- 
 ligion were onely propofed : will he banifli Piety from the Dc- 
 vife ? will he that fo noble and fo excellent an invention (hall 
 ferve to no other end,but to exprefle our amoroas conceptions,our 
 hatred, joyes, forrowes, friendQiip, ambition, and other humant 
 pafliQn$?How mSinyDevifes of Kiags,Princes,&Perfon$ of qua- 
 lity, do we fee wholy replenifhed with devotion ? We have a 
 number of Examples in Tipotius his colle<5liGn ofDeviftSt which 
 he hath fo learnedly and pioufly expounded. How many my fti- 
 eall and facred ones are there in his firft Tome, as well of the H«ly 
 Ctofle, «s of the bkfTed Sacrament ? 
 I confcfTe Medals are fo. . what more different, in that their fcopc 
 was but to immortalize th*^ mf mory of Emperours, Confuls, and 
 Republicksjfetting fort! , as in a Tablef,their moft heroick adions 
 andhopes, as being found th'st i^* e memory of them would conti- 
 nue longer in bra(fe,filver,aHd golid,then inHiftories written upon 
 paper ; yet there are fomc of them that rcfemble our Devifes, as 
 that oiVejfatian, where there \% a Daulphin about an Anchor, as 
 whofhouldfay, Propera Tardb. It is true, this wants 
 words, which are antflcntiaii pirtof a Dcivife (according to the 
 opinion of Bargagli) but as I have already laid, nothing is pcrfe- 
 ftcd at its firll birth ; belide??, fomt Italian Authors of no mean 
 effeem, do admit in Devifes a figure without words, and words 
 without a figure. Then fttrching ncerer hand for the Origin of 
 D^v»7tf/,let us obfcrve with?<»«/w7*^>w,that theaocifntKnights 
 D 2 and 
 
20 Rules 
 
 and Paladins of France ( the memory of whom is not altogether 
 fabulous) had each one a particular Badg, whereby to exprefle his 
 humour or dcfign. Reaaldut of Montafthan bore a Lyon barrtd : 
 Ogier the Dane a {caling Ladder .- Salomon of Betaign a Chequsr 
 board: 0/mr, aGnffin: j4Jf eiphus, zLtopttd i tnA Cannes 3. 
 Faulcon, and fo of other*: : A$ alio the Knights of the Round Ta- 
 ble of -^rr^»r Kingof £riftainey2ind many others, whereof exam- 
 ples are to be found in all ages,as we may read in Pala^i:,i's Trea- 
 tife of Devifes ; NeverthelcfTcj I muft not omit the ancient Devife 
 of a Prince ifprung from the race of the French Kings, which is of 
 Charles, brother to Lotharms King ot France, the firft Duke of 
 Lorraine ,x\i%.t en/oycd that Djkcdome ind .pendent,and m refpeft 
 of that freedome and immunity, took for Devife an arme armed ; 
 iiTuingoutofacloudj intheyeere5?83. iS Charles Eflienne reci- 
 teth in his Hiftory of Lor rain. 
 
 Furthermore, wee may finde in Hiftorics , that all Kings 
 have had fuch like Devifes y ever fince the raign of Barha^ 
 rtf/<«, under whom it was ordained, that all Sovcraignes iTiould 
 dillribute marks of noble Families (which wee call Armse) 
 to thofe gallant Spirits , which fhould render thcmlelves fa- 
 mous, by their heroick afVions in the time of warre ; But fince in 
 thi$latterage,that the ufe of Blazons hath been in vogue,thcphan- 
 tafticall inventions of Cimiers , and^thofe diverfified pictures 
 wherewith Efcotcheons are bcautificd,areairo introduced, ai we 
 maj^fee in many places,efpecially in antient Churches. And Pastr- 
 Ihs fovifts faith, that above all Nations, the French are moft cu- 
 rious in thefe kinds of Devifes^md that at the time of Charles the 
 8. and Leives the 1 1, paffing into Italy, all the French Captaines 
 made ufe of them t'> adorne their Efcotcheons, and to enrich their 
 Eni^gnes,Banners,Guidons,and Corn'fts, whereby their Troopes 
 and Companies were diftingulQied. And from h;nce the Italians 
 leamMtheufcotD^-y^/l?/, in the compofurc of which at this day 
 they appear to be the moO; ingenious. 
 
 w 
 
 Ch a p. IX. 
 
 Rules for Devtfes. 
 EE arenowentringintoaSea, little known to thofc of 
 our Nation, where the Sands are imperceptible,thefhelv$ 
 
 levell 
 
fcr Dcvifes, 21 
 
 Ifvell with the water,the current troublcfome, the tide incertain^ 
 andtheCoaftinfrequented : Tfaerefcre tis rcquifite, weftrikca 
 part of our Sailes, an d fteer on with a gentle gale, till fuch time as 
 we ftiall confult our guides , and take ad vife of the muft expert 
 Pilots, indMafter oTour Ship, who hath much more then we 
 frequented this Ocean. 
 
 Our guide fhali be FaulHs fevius, who firft enterprized this 
 voyage ; Rufce/H.Palazsji, Centile, AmmiratSy and other Italians 
 {hall be the Mariners I moft confult in this Navigation : But B/tr- 
 gagli Cwholalt went this paflage, and who hath with moft dili- 
 gence fought out the Coafts of this Sea, who made the Card, moft 
 carefully obfervtd all the dangerous paflages, and hath made a 
 great return by his imbarqment ) (hall be ac^ino wledged for the 
 moft expert Pilotjand fure Condu(^or of our Navigation. 
 
 We will therefore propofe the tenents of the ftift, and compare 
 their opinions with the laft,to conclude at l«ngth upon all matters, 
 circumftances,and conditions of 7)*z'»y<rj-. 
 
 Paulus j^of/'w propounds five Conditions rcquifite inaperfe<S: 
 Devife, 
 
 I. Firft, a juft proportion or relation ef the Soule to the 
 Body. 
 
 1. That it be not fo obfcure, as to need a Sybill to mterprete it ; 
 nor yet fo plai n,as the coq^on people may comprehend it. 
 
 3. That above all things, it have a fwcct appearance, which 
 (hall fuccetd, by inlcrthig therein either Scars, Sun, Moon, Fire, 
 Wafer, erecu Trees, mechanicall Inftrumcnts, diverfificd,and fan- 
 tafticall Beafts and Birds : Howbeit, I am of opinion, that co- 
 loured figures are not rccciveablc in the bodies of Devifes, 
 
 4. That it muft not have any humane figure. 
 
 5. And th.it the Mot to (which is the foule oft he Z)tfv»y^) be in 
 aftiangc'languigt ,or other then thatwhich is ulcd intheCountry, 
 where the Devife is made, to the end, that the intention of it bee a 
 little rrmovea from common capacities. 
 
 A Z><rz'»ytf requires five Conditions more j whereof the firft 
 
 I . That the Motto be concife or britfe,but not doubtf ull ; info- 
 muchjthat the foult (hull be the more pcrfed:, when it exceeds not 
 the number of two or three words, unlelle it be of an HwUiiftickc 
 or wliule vcrfe. 
 
 D 3 a.It 
 
22 
 
 Rules 
 
 2. It muft be obferved,that the body and foule(beiBg very com- 
 plcat) do not produce too tmbitious a conceipt,leaft hc(for whom 
 it is made) be iccufed of vanity and prcfumption . 
 
 3. A Z)tff»ytf ought to reliftifomewhat of magnanimity, gene- 
 rofity,andfabtilty. 
 
 4. It muft fatisfie the eye by the body, and yeeld content to the 
 mind by the f©ule. 
 
 5 . Thofe Devifes^ which have but one onely word or one filla- 
 ble,ire held by this Author very abfurd. 
 
 Chap. X. 
 
 the ifmisn »f Hierommy KufieUi, 
 
 RVfceB (contrary to the opinion of P<<»//w Joviw) faith, that 
 theMotteoftheD^-v//^ ought not to be called the Soulc, 
 though the figure reprefent the body. As in all other fub/eds 
 where there is a body, it doth not follow that there is al wayes s 
 foule,as in Mufick we may fay, the Notes reprefent the body, and 
 the words ire correfpondent to the Soule : But if the Devife muft 
 have a Soule, it would rather be the intention or fignification then 
 the words. # 
 
 Hediftinguifhcth Devifes intotwo kind$,the one with,and the 
 other without words. 
 
 Figures were heretofore mere commonly joyncd to Devifes 
 then Mottoes^ becaufethe figures were known to every one, but 
 the Mottoes were not fo generally underftood. 
 
 As for the opinion of thofe, who affirme, that the Motto ought 
 not to be called SQyjXQyRufce&i confirms it ; forthat,(aith he, other- 
 wife it were to admit of Bodies without Soulcs, there being De- 
 vifes which have no Motto's, and arc neverthelcffe approved of. 
 Netwithftanding, he concludes, that it would be a very difficult 
 thing to abolifh the ufe of thefe two termes, or that ancient man- 
 ner of Ipeaking of Body and Soal,eupon thcfubjVftofD^t/*/?/; 
 though in truth the Moftebe leflc then the foulc of a Devife, then 
 is the intention or defigneof an Author. 
 
 According to the judgment of this Author.a Devife (to be true 
 and perted) ought to have all the conditions following. It muft 
 
 be 
 
for Divifes. 
 
 fee invented and cempofed with conveniencie,quaintnefre, fecuri- 
 ty,and to th« glory ot its Author. Befides, he addeSjthat the Figure 
 and the Motto are its neceflary parts, the one to allure the eye, the 
 other to invadethe mirdjThis is alfo Panlns fovifu his opinion in 
 his Fourth Confideration : But befidts thcfe Conditions, and ef- 
 fentiall parts, it mofthive fome qualities, which are proper unto 
 itjCleernefle and brevity, and above all,thislaflisofncceflityre- 
 ^uifiteaswellintheBodyasintheSoule : For the parts of the 
 Body, or the fubHantiall Figures of the Devife^ muft not be more 
 then two,nor mult the words exceed the namber of three, unkfle 
 it be to make ufc of an halFvcrfe, or at the moft to accoaiplifti the 
 whole one : However fome Authors are not fo fcrupulous,a$ not 
 to admit of a verfe and a half for their Motto, but furely thofeare 
 net commended, nor dothey fuccecd well; forafmuch, as the 
 great number of words doth confound the Motto with the Figure 
 in fuch fort that thofe Devifes which arc expofed and born ordina- 
 rily at Tournaments or Mafqaes, would not be difiindly known 
 in this form by the Spectators. Wee may fay the like of thole that 
 are afed upon Standards,En(ignes,Cornets,and Coynes,in refpeft 
 ofthe little roome wherein thty are comprized. Therefore when 
 the Motto Is fhort, the figure doth difcover it felf more eafily, and 
 the words are better retained in the memory j But if at firft fight, 
 they be not underftood , the knowledge of them is found out by 
 meditation: And by refled^ig the eyes of the aind upon the Idea, 
 which we there retaine,wc come at iaCl to penetrate the meaning 
 of the Author. 
 
 For the precife numberofone,two,or three figure$,itmufl:be un- 
 derftood of different kinds or Spccics,& not of individuals :& for a 
 pt rftft example, Ik propofe to you the Devife of Card: Z)tf Me- 
 iiVftr, where he hath many little Stars and a Comet, which we ne- 
 ▼etthclcfiettke but for two figures, bccaufc thofe Stars without 
 Bumbcrrfpeftntbutonc onely Species; As alfo in that of the 
 Dukeof yW«)!«r«rf,thctwo Swans which fight againft an Etslcare 
 taken but for the nature of the Swan. It may happen n«t withiUn- 
 ding that in ikQ {tlf-fame Dez/*]^, there be four Figures of feverall 
 Species, fo wtUdifpokd and with fuch relation each to other, 
 that they may feeme tflentiall to the fubj-.d, and by confcquence 
 equally nect fliry to the body of the Devile ; And lb wc may re- 
 preleot a Diamond upon an Anvile,with two hammers, beating 
 
 upon 
 
^4 
 
 RuUs 
 
 upon it in the mid'ft of the fire » for fo much as then the number 
 of all thofeinftruments is determined by the unity oftheadion, 
 which is equally common unto them, and which only intends the 
 breaking of the Diamond. 
 
 We are fometimes obliged ( as well for ornament as tor better 
 expreflion Jto adde to the Figures a Land&ip, Sky, Earth, other 
 Elcment,or fHch like thing, yet without being faid to exceed their 
 precife number, As you may fee in the Z)^^'«/r, where there are two 
 ColumneSjthe one of a Cloud,the other of Fire, with this Motto, 
 EsTE Duces tBeye the Condu^ors ^\\2i\\v\% over all a Heaven 
 whofe Sun reftcd on the Column of the Cloud, and the Moon up- 
 on that of Fire, to demonftrate more plainly, that two Columnes 
 ferved as a condud to the people of Ifraely the one in the d»y time, 
 the other in the night.This licence is permitted to Authors, which 
 abufe it not , but ufe it with difcretion ; without which, there is 
 neither rule,nor Maxime lo certain,that can fuccecd happily. 
 
 Againft the particular opinion of Paulta Jovius in his Fifth 
 Confidcration,excellent Devifes may be met with,that refult from 
 the conjundion ©f one Figure with one fole wordjfo that they fort 
 well together, and doe not fignifie one and the fame thing; As 
 in that known BevifeokFefiinaUnt'e : For that were,to take two 
 fervants, to the end, that one might ferve the other, and not that 
 both fliouldferve the Mafter: For the Author of a Deviff makes 
 choice oft wo fubjeds for his defign : to wit, the figures and 
 word$,that they may ferve to convey to the eyes, eares,and thence 
 to the mind, the fancy or conception of him that compofed or 
 heiKS the Devife. 
 
 Thofe figures that require a diverfify ing with colours,are not to 
 be ufed,nor things that are hard to be diftiriguiOicdiin which rank, 
 we place certain hearbes which rcfcmble one another, as Paifley 
 and Hemlock,and fomc Birds,a$ the Linnet and the Sparrow. 
 
 Thofe figures o^ Devifes are excellent,which are taken from the 
 Armes of fomc Family ; to which, fomething is either addtd, di- 
 miniflied or changed, according to the fub;cd that is in hand, and 
 inpurfuanceofthedefignewe have, in favour of the perfon that 
 bears that kind of Blazon. 
 
 RufceHi condcmr)S Paulfts io-z/tw of ignorance in matter of 2)r- 
 •vifes (though he be otherwifc a learned Hiflori3n)and principally 
 for that he altogether re/edcih from Devifes,thc figure of hu Jianc 
 
 body 
 
for Devffef, 15 
 
 body, though elfe where he pracfliccth the contrary, by approving 
 fomc of that fort infcrted in his owne Tri^atife, and (amongft o- 
 thers) thitoi Letvu S fore ff, where there is a Blackamore, who 
 withaPiftoUkillsaLidy; That which he himfelfe made for a 
 Lord, his particular friend, where there is an Emperour upon a 
 Triumphant Chariot with rhis'Motto,SERVus CurruPor- 
 TATUR EODBM , the Slave is carrjed ky the fame Chariot'^ 
 and the D^^^y^of trie Duke o\ Florence, wih miny others, by 
 which we may wi 11 perceive, that that Law,which the Legjflatcr 
 himfclfe Hiakts no fcruple to violate, is inconfiderable. Then is it 
 in vaine to pretend to exclude humane figures by authority, fince 
 the Hierogly phicks of the Egyptians, the Medalls, as well of the 
 Romans as Grecians, and finally all the Memorials of Antiquity, 
 arefuUcf th"m ; There is much lefle reafon to debarre the ufe of 
 them in Bevifes : For why (ball it be lawfuU to make ufe of the 
 Figures of Plants, living creatures , and mcchanicall inftruments, 
 or other things wrought by the hand of man, and (hall yet be pro- 
 hibited to ufe the figure of the manhimfdfe, which is neverthe- 
 leflc the m> ft cxcf Ucnt of all ? It is true, it would not be feemly 
 to infcrt m a Devife, the figure of a manonely clad after the ord- 
 nary fafliion, bccaule that would be too common, but it would be 
 more fit toreprefenthim difguifcd, as they doe in Mafques and 
 Mommeries. Tnis Author approves ot the figure of women in 
 Devifes, whether rhey be reprcfcntcd naked orclothed,as aUothat 
 of NymphSy Satjres, Termes, or iuch like Divinities , which are 
 not uluall in our light, and whereof the reprefentation may hand- 
 foracly makeup thcbodycsof D^v^y^/, as wc fee infome exam- 
 pks, as well Ancient as Modcrne. 
 
 Devifes and Emblemes have this common refemblance with 
 each other, thit they may be indifferently ufed with or without 
 words; And their difference is taken from this, that the words of 
 the£»»^/^»><?may demonlhate things univeifall, and hold the 
 rank of morall precepts, uvhich may as wcl fcrve tor all the word, 
 as for the proper author of the JSw^/fw. This gencrall applicati- 
 on ofthe Motto, is a great error in siDevife, which oughc to be 
 particular, and the words thereof proper and fuc.ible to the perfon 
 onely, in whofcfavour the Devife i$ made. N veithcleff::, this 
 Condition hinders not, but that thi Devife which h%th been by me 
 
 E already 
 
J 5 ^^^^^ 
 
 already ufed, may alfoftrve another day (o expreffii the fime in- 
 clination, defignc or paffionin feme other perfon j yet wc muR: 
 not condudc by this, that xh^Devifes of Fathers ought tt; ferve 
 his Children, unlfcff^ they bflare the fameArmes, have the f«me 
 inclinati©ns, or be continued in the fame offices. So States , and 
 fomcpartict^lar Families, retaine ftill tor their Devifes, the Ctf- 
 lomncs of Hercules ^ the Golden Fleece^ Saint Mkkad, and other 
 badges of honour. 
 
 T -.e fa e Author pretends, that it is neither vice nor theft to 
 appropil...e ' oonesfelfthe Devifed one that is already desd, fo 
 that frereh?romcthing added or changed, according to the dc- 
 fj?n, in hand. Was it not with this licence, that a certain Pedant 
 tooJi'e Uii:D^vife which the deceafed Robert E(lienne made for 
 the Dukeof*J»*"^jf, as then Grand Mafter of the Ait'llery? Ha- 
 ving therein placed an Eagle, holding a Thunderbolt , and tbefe 
 words, Quo JussaJovis, As farre as the commAni of 
 fupiter. This impudent Plagiary could not b^- content to keep 
 the Condition of that Licence, but without changing a tittle, he 
 took the boldnefffi to apply it (as an invention of his ownt) to 
 ihz Marqueffe of Rofny, I'enne of the faid Duke, and in his Fathers 
 life time. 
 
 He obferves alfo another difference betwcenc JEw^/^iwf j and 
 Devifesy which is, that in thoft, we may have many figures, but 
 in thefc, onely three. 
 
 Chap. XI. 
 
 Of Mtttfifs, ^.ccerd'mg to theofinion ofthefaidKukeWu 
 
 MO«*r/requ!ri! the fame qualities, as the Figures, that is to 
 fjiyjClperisntiT-^and Brevity, which muft be obferved, ac- 
 coidingto thecircujjaftancesotfia-seandfubj.d, wher^upen the 
 Devife is made, as if it be «5ne]y to be fetn at one time,at a Jufting 
 tor Maske, then it muft be plalne and intelligible, but it the Devife 
 be for a longer continuance, then wemuft adde fome ornament, 
 grace or ma jedy, to render it leffe common. 
 
 The amor^ius and moraU ones ought not to be foobfcure fas 
 Javim would (jave it) fince they ought to be underftood by the 
 
 generality, 
 
ferVtvifes, 3^ 
 
 generality, otherwife they would be fmitkfle, efpf cfally the amc- 
 rous, unlfcfle the author drfire, that the Devife be not apprehended 
 by any perfon, but his M ftreire, and fo of others. 
 
 I am of opinion withP. Jeviui^ that the Mottoes ofDevifes 
 which are for continuance, ought to (peak in a flrange language, 
 and the amorous ones and fuch as are for Tournaments, Maskes 
 andComedie$,inavulgar,oratlcaftaknowne tongues fincethiy 
 are but for a fhort time, and are cxpofcd to the visw tf the un- 
 learned. 
 
 The plurality of words doth no Icfle incumber the apprehcnfion 
 of the Devife^xhQVi the great number of figur.;S.It is a hard thing to 
 expreflc onts fcU by one ontly word, aK)r 5 . fuffice to render a ve- 
 ry exquifite 7)rz/»yV,ind the more it exceeds that number, ihc kfle 
 gentile is it, unlefle it be to ofe an Hemiftick or whole vcrfe, be it 
 Greek, L '.tine or any other ftrange language, which is in refpetft 
 that verlcsor meafured fentences have a certain grace, harmony 
 and cadencf, w hicii caufe them to be read with facility, and rctti- 
 ned with delight. 
 
 A5 for the c mnexion of the figure with the Motto, we muft take 
 heed that the words d^ e not explicate the figure, but rather that 
 the figure kad ther.adtr totheundcrftandmgofthe words, and 
 that the Motto, diiunitid from the figure.may not have any figni- 
 fication. As in the Drvije of the Dukcof Ferrara,»Ttyf ^W-m, fo a,^ 
 things, Thcfe Wdidsconfidered apart from the figure, which 
 reprcfcnteth Patience, fignifie jaft nothing. 
 
 We mufl alfo take hted, not to make any mention of the figure 
 in the words , as if in the body of a Devife there be the reprefen- 
 tation of a Mountaine, in any cafe fpeak not of Mountaine in the 
 Motto. 
 
 The beft Motto's are thofe which have no verbe exprefled. Pro- 
 vided the verbc be fuch as may cafily be underftood, without cqui- 
 vccation. 
 
 Devifes are made to reprefent our felves or fome other Perfon, 
 deare and confidcrable unto us for a Lady wc love, for our Prince, 
 or for fome fuch particular perfon jthofe which are made for others 
 are more rare ; but I doe not undcrftand it a making for another 
 whclframeaDtft/</<f fora pcrfonof qutlitythatrcqu.fteditof me, 
 for I doe then but give him the invention, and lend him my la- 
 bour : For a Vevife ought not to acknowledge any other Mafter or 
 
 E 2 legi- 
 
28 
 
 Eules 
 
 legitirotte poffcffer^butthcpcrfon in whofe favour it is invented. 
 
 In Devifes which we make for our felve*, the author is figni- 
 fyed, either by the figure alone, or by the Motto alone, and fur- 
 thermore out ot the figure and Motto both, that is to fay,out of the 
 •whole Devife. He is rcprefented by the figure, when he feigneth 
 the figure to fpcake for him, by faying that which he would fay, 
 if he were in it its place j if there be two figures, the Author is rc- 
 prefented by one alone,or by both, whicliis done more rarely. 
 
 An Author cxpttfTLth himfdf quaintly by the Motto, when he 
 feignes it to Tp a^not to the figun ,but to himfelf or to the people, 
 as in ihis, wnere thertsisthe garden of He^erides, the golden 
 apples, and t^e dragon de.^d before the doorr, wichthcfe words, 
 Yo >> Ej~'R Las Guardarb, lie guardthem better :Yot 
 hert h;- ipcakfS not to the figure, bat of the figure to himfdf, by 
 the Motto jfomtimes he declares himlelfeby fp^aking to the 
 figure of thr Devife,^$ in that of the a Columnes alicadged before, 
 EsTE DucE s. 
 
 When the Author himfelf is neither comprehendtd in the 
 Motto nor in the figure, we may then fappofe, that he is excluded 
 ihn Devife, dui Hiat h.rheares another fpcaking to him, or giving 
 him advife : As in the Devi/e, where there is an arrow , which 
 being direAlyinthe middle of the white, cleaves the pin with 
 
 this Motto, B:t>A' «7©-, fijoatthta. 
 
 There be others, by which we can neither conceive whence 
 nor to whom the Author fpe keth, whether within or without 
 the Devife ; Butit fcemes that the whole Devife is indifferently 
 addrcffcd either to the people, or to the Authcr,or to his MiftrefTe, 
 or fome other, as the Temple of /««<» Laci>tia, 'whok Motto is 
 JuNONi Lacinix. 
 
 But the molt perfcd Devifrs are tl o**^, whofe bodies and foules 
 are taken as well for other*, as for the Airh^^r. As the Chariot 
 ofF/7<»rrfl» with this Motto, Me DUO Tutissimus Ibis, 
 ThoH /halt gee ftcHrely in the witiJe, mat is to fay, nesthir too high 
 nor too low .' For it ieemes, the Author Speaks to hinifclfc, with 
 a minde enclining to mediocriry, and by way of advife addreffeth 
 himreif e to others. THus we fee th«t f his Devife is very excellent 
 in all her propc> ties,hxving a very r' creative figure, a gentile Mot- 
 to, an intention, whereof the morality is very profitable, and an 
 admirable addreffe as well to the Author as to others. 
 
 When 
 
for Devifes, 2p 
 
 When the Motto is taken out offome approved or wel known 
 Aathor, it requires the fewer words, provided ?he reft be eafieto 
 divine at, ciS in the D^^e/^, where ther« is a Tree, whereof one 
 branch being cat oft', another buds Forth, with this Motto, U n o 
 A V u L $ o, one being fluckt of: which being taken out oF Fir- 
 gil, fufficeth for the declaration of the figure, bccaufe the reft of 
 the Vcrfe, Non Deficit Alter, another u not wanting, 
 is eafily underftood. 
 
 Sec here the moft part ofRufceB's conceptions upon the fubjeft 
 of Devifes, which I coHecfted out of his Book, »iid have tranflu- 
 ted with all pofliblc fidelity. 
 
 Chap. XII. 
 The ppinlon o/Scipionc Ammir»to upon Devifes, 
 
 WHofoever would compofe a work, that may have'the vcr- 
 tueandefficacieofa2)«i'»y^, maft doe it in fuch fort , as 
 the body may have a connexion with the foule, that is to fiy , that 
 the words may relate to the figure. 
 
 This Author accords with /?«/?^i?^ , that it importeth not of 
 what language the words are, fo they be pleafant and acute ; ne- 
 verth: Icfle with /*<««/«/ 'JoviHi^hQ^itfcxx^^thQ'LtViV)^. Tongue a- 
 bove all others, as being that, which is moft generally kno wne,and 
 common to all Nations of the world : And for my owne particu- 
 lar opinion, I think that thofe Mottoes are much more exqujfite, 
 and better accepted, which are taken out ©f fome famous Author, 
 as Ftrgily Heraccy Catullus ^ Ovid, Lucan , or others. And ti$ in 
 that kind of bormwing, wherein the Devifors dexterity and fub- 
 tility bcftappcares, when he diverts the fenfe of an ancient Au- 
 thor, and apply .s it properly to his owne intention. 
 
 tor the Connexion of the Motto with the Figure , he confents 
 with Rufcelliy that we muft takehecd thit the foulcof the Devife 
 doe not Icrve (imply to decipher the body, nor to explicate the 
 Pidlure oncly, as if upon the R eprefentation of the City of Fenice, 
 we ftiould writethis wordVsNETi A. Itisbcftthentoconfi- 
 der the Motto of a Dtf-z/f/r, as tht Major Propofition of a Syllo- 
 gifmc, and the I igure, as the Miner , from the conjunction of 
 E 3 which, 
 
30 
 
 which, will refult the Conclufion, which is nothing clfe, but ths 
 meaning of the Author : So thattha Motto cujht not to be th^ 
 Interpreter of the Body, northit, the Interpreter of thcSoule: 
 onely tii r( qai(ite,that from the con j undtion of the foule wir h th.: 
 body, theReader may draw the myrccillfcnfe, and dsfcovcr the 
 intention of the Author, as by Hieroglyphicks involved in the 
 two cflentiall parts of a Devife. 
 
 He doth not defire we flaouldbefo fuperflitious obfcrvers 
 of the Rules, ts to lofe the true and natural! fubftancc of the 
 thing. 
 
 He agrees in opinion with all the other Authors, that as the 
 foul of theD^'J'/y<foughtto be conceived svitn clioice, (lately and 
 fignificant ternies;fothe body ought to have I'ome fweet appa- 
 rence,andto confiftofafigure, neither too comon or abjVd, nor 
 yet too far fetcht or monflrous i Therefore wc are not to admit of 
 any prodigious things nor unknowne bearts,lefl: wee make an 
 Enigma inftead of a Devife : the Enigma being for the univerfa- 
 lity of people, and not in particular for it fclf. 
 
 For the admiration, which a Bevife ought to beget in the mind 
 ofthtReadtr, doth not depend upon extraordinary figures; but 
 rather upon the connexion of the foule with the body, which 
 ought to be fcperatciy intelligible, in fo much a:i the refult or com- 
 polition of the two things may produce a third, mixt with the one 
 and the other. 
 
 As for the cleernes, which Rnfcelli requires in a Devife . This 
 Author faith, that, asthe Comedy ought to pl^-afc both the eyes 
 and earesofthe comon people, as well as of the learned : So the 
 Dm/Bought not to be (b much removed from the knowledge 
 of the vulgar, but that it may give content to all ; Yet muft we 
 take heed that we ufc? not things too vile and ab/cft, as a Kettle,a 
 Trying-pan, a dripping- pan a Chafing-diOi, pair of bellows, and 
 (iichlikeinftruments. 
 
 The conjunction and copulation of the Body with the Soule is 
 veryhandlome, when it is made- by comparilon, either of its like, 
 greater, lefler, cr contrary. And this Comparifon is Fiot onely 
 made with this Particle (S i c ) or fuch like, but alfo by leaving it 
 out, and to be underftoodjwith far more §r:.ce. Wherctora 
 JBargagti hath reafon to banifh all particles ot Ipeech, which 
 ferveto the reduftion ©fa comparifon. 
 
 But 
 
for Vevifes, ^ i 
 
 But above all, hti commends the encounter of words, alike in 
 (crmination or found, and unlike in fignlFcation, as in this Motto, 
 Defficiam Aht Efficiam. Efferar Aut Re- 
 fer am. There are Devifis conlilbr's; p<rdv milm liti; '^jpiit- 
 ly indiflimilitudfi, as for the ftone * Asbefios, Par Ignis, * Aibejlos is % 
 
 ACCENSIO DispAR, there « like fire, bht diiferent hur. kind of ftone^ 
 
 •* •'•' which being 
 
 They are alio made by contraries, arid thai is, when the Motto cannot be ex- 
 fayes the contrary to what h feene in the I^igure, as for a Tempi? tinguUhed. 
 of Z>/«<»^ burnt, Nos Aliam Ex Aliis, We feek^another 
 fameelfeyvhere, I not onely call that contrary, which is di'-edly 
 oppofite to the nature of any fub/ed, as fweet to bitter , but alfo 
 every thingthat is different, though it be not contrary, as in the 
 precedent example. 
 
 Some maybe invented, by alluding to the proper names of 
 perfonSjfor whom they are made, but certainly fuch are hard to 
 he met with, in io much, that fcr the moft part, a Rebus or fomq 
 idlcfancicismadeinfteadof a good Devife ^ which the Author 
 thought to have falneupon j you may fee many fuch examples 
 in VahIus 'jovim. 
 
 Wtien we put fome figure in the body of a Vevifcy which of it 
 fclfe is not (ufficicntly ftgnificative,we may addc the name,5S up- 
 on the Frcmd^piece of the Temple of ^«»tfX<?d«ii«, wc may put 
 this Motto, J.'N o N 1 La c I N I se, upon that of mount Sion\\x\% 
 other, Mo n s S i o n : fo likewile upon the Temple oiHononr^ 
 and others. Buc if thvffe Mottoes (wfeich are not of the body of 
 the Devife) doe not plcafe, we may diftinguifh the Temples 
 (which are the Siardcit figures to know) by theiaagcof thatgod 
 or goddtfle te whom they arc dedicated : And if we feare to over- 
 charge orperpkxtlie bo«{y of the Devife with the portraits of 
 Deities y we may dt cipher them, by fhecharafters which are at* 
 trib.itcd, or by fuch creatures as were anciently facrificed unto 
 them. T.'ius wc know the Temple of /^<«mw by the kejes, that of 
 fuffher by an £<?^/<r,and that oi Saturate by a Sythe. 
 
 And this is the onely meanes, that I approve tor the diflindion 
 of Temples ; As for the infcrlption of the proper name,this ufage 
 wasnotallowabk, but in thofc times when painting was yet fo 
 groge, that the figures of Animals necdc4 the name of the kind to 
 
 be 
 
32 
 
 Rules 
 
 be knowne by, as is yet to be feene upon fome old Tapeflries «nd 
 Pidures. 
 
 When we life a Motto without a Figure, wc ought not to cull 
 it the foule of a Drt/j/tf , but rather a facetious conceipt, a witty 
 faying, a Proverb, x Sentence j as thofe pretty conccipts, diftions 
 or fentences, which H/;7p<«r(r^«/ , the fcvcnWifem:n of Greece, 
 and many other Morall Philoiophers have delivered. I n like man- 
 ner may we make a Piifture without a M(;ito, as a Veni^ with 
 (hickles at her feet, a f«/?»r<rr with three eyes, a Jamu with two 
 faces, andfuchlike C^prichh's, however (ignifying f^^mcthing j 
 in which cafe we doc not fay we have made a b dy without a foul, • 
 but rather a pifture, a phanfie, or fuch like thing. 
 
 Of ncctflity the Devife muft have one part cleere, and the other 
 obfcure, fo that it be without contr d ftion : For as in Poetry, 
 cfpecially Comicall, which is intended for all forts of people, the 
 The French greater part of the Aaditors doe eafily J adge it to be Verfe , and 
 ailTn Verfc? "^t Profe ; They know very wdl the found and cadence of 
 Rythmes, and the fenfeoffome parts of the Poeme, which plea- 
 feth them mofl : But as for the conceited imaginations of the 
 Poet,the high-towring conceptions of his fancy, the defcription 
 of pafllons, the force of reafoning , the choice of tcrmes, and the 
 fubtility of elocution :thefearenot difcovered, but onely to the 
 eyes and earcs ofthe more learned O ators, and Poets acquainted 
 withthat kind of Dramatick Poeme. In like manner the Author 
 ofar>ff»y<?isnotobligedtoframeitfo, that it be underftood by 
 every one equally ; it (hall luffice thar thf more fimple dee know 
 the body ofthe Devifi, and that they cleerly difcerne it to be the 
 figure of a Fifh, Bird, Horfc, Tree, Tccnple, Bridge, or fuch like 
 thing, cither naturall or artificialljfor that onely is capable of con- 
 tenting their (ight; whilftthc learned feaft their undcrftandings 
 with the confideration of the propriety of the creatures re pre fen- 
 ted, and ofthe ufage ofthe thmgs artificiall, uniill they have found 
 out the true fubjedt ot thecomparifon , and difcovered the Authors 
 defigne, whole invention and fubtility they will doubtlcfle com- 
 mend. 
 
 The body ofaDmr^ is borrowed either from Nature or Art, 
 or from Events : From Naturcyou may take tame or wild beafts, 
 birds and Fifhcs: from Art you may borrow the inllruments o! 
 
 all 
 
for Devifes'i ^^ 
 
 all kinds ©f Aits, Veffells, ObeliYqucs, Triumphant Arcks, Sepul-^ 
 chers, Mechanicall toolcs, and all that depends on the hand of 
 man. The bodies which are taken from Art are not (in this Au- 
 thors opinion) (o beautifuUj nor alwaies and in every part fo in- 
 telligible, as thofc which are borrowed from Nature, who (ro fay 
 truth)is Mother andMiftreflfeof all things,bcfidcs herjurifdidion 
 comprehends all forts offubjefts, andyeelds ns a larger feild of 
 inventions. As for events, they are divided into fabukus and 
 hiftoricall : from the fable we derive all the fidions of Poets, the 
 PegafiiSy Argtu^TantalftSjthQ'R.iyersol Hell^ BeUerofhon^ the 
 garden of Hr^fr»W<r/ , and other imaginations of fabulous anti- 
 quity : And from Hiftory we borrow the figures which depend 
 upon the ordinance or inftitution of man, as the Temple of Ho- 
 »*«r,the Temple of Diana at Ephefm, the Temple of Faith, the 
 headofaflave with his hat on, King Hierons dog, who threw 
 himftlFe into the fire after the death of his Maftcr, and fuchlike 
 figures. Ludovico Dominichi confentsin opinion with PanlM 
 fovifts in every thing. 
 
 See here the precepts which I have learnt fromthefc worthy 
 Seamen j difdaine not to fear alfo the Arguments of our Pilot, and 
 by the way examine the reafons of fome other Authors, as of Fa- 
 iazjzij FrafiagUte Introtmto^ Alexandr§ Farra^ Aruigio, and o- 
 thers, to tlie end that you may the more freely refolve to follow 
 the Rules, which are mofl ncceflary tQthe perfe(5lion of the Art 
 O^Devifes. 
 
 Chap. XIII. 
 The opinion ^/Bargagli. 
 
 f A Devife ought to be almofl: like Pocfie,or rather as a thing 
 XjL nobly vulgar, in fuch fort that it may be underftood without 
 difficulty and with delight,not only by the learned, but alfo by all 
 thofe,who (bcfides a good comon under ftanding) have moreover 
 the knowledge as wellofthings naturallas artificial), and of the 
 languages which we ufe in the Motto; It importcth not much if 
 Idiots or grofT; Jgnoramttjfes doe not at all conceive them , fince 
 fuch dainties are not intended for vulgar appetites. 
 Neverthelefle Devi/a ought not to bo taken out of ihofe Arts or 
 F liberall 
 
34 
 
 Rules 
 
 liberall Sciences, whereof the entire knowledge is refervcd to the 
 Profcflbrs or Artizans thsmfelves,unlefle we be obliged br com- 
 placence, to frame a D^z///^ in the behalf of one that hath a parti- 
 cular knowledge of the Art or Science, from whence the Dm/ir 
 (hould be taken. 
 
 Moreover, the learned 5^rj^^^/>is of opinion, that the Com- 
 parifon or fimilitudeis fo neceflary to a Devije, that the mind can- 
 not joy or take delight therein, if the Similitudes be wanting. 
 
 Rftfcelli in his 6. Article alfo admits the Compatifon as a 
 part, wherein confifts the fubtilty of aperfcft Devife, for que- 
 ftionleffe no feemly ones can be invented without comprehending 
 any Comparifon j But I intend hereto propound the rules and 
 fHodell of a Devife compleated in all points. 
 
 And to that end we firft banifli the humane figure from this re- 
 quifite comparifon,f or as much as we cannot make a proper com- 
 parifon of a man, with a man, but it muft be taken from things 
 different either in the Gg»us or the ff^ecUx. I know it well, that 
 many have made ufe of the figures of Pagatt Gods^ when they have 
 taken the fub/ed of their Devifes out of the Pable, and trucly 
 thofe figures doe reafonable wel to adorne the body of a D w»/^; 
 yet tis better not to ufe them at all, according to the reafons of 
 Bargagli, He faith then that a man of Judgment, will never 
 ground the conceipt of a true and folid thing upon that which is 
 purely feigned and imaginary ; feeing that we pretend withfo 
 much ardour, to eftablifli the conceptions of our braine, and to 
 make them pafle for approved in all mens opinions. 
 
 Hi adds further, that it muft be known and exprefled as wel by 
 figures as by words, and the figures ought to be taken for a proof 
 of the conception, which is formed upon the relation or fimilitude 
 of a certaine and true quality, which they h ^ve in themftlves ; Be- 
 fidf s that the ob js6l: of the Vevlfe is to treat onely of things unfeig- 
 ned, to clear and prove them ; And becaufe themoft noble coa- 
 ceptions of humane wit are ©f that nature, weou^ht tocxclud« 
 all fidions, and never to make ufe of them in Dcvifef. Rm/- 
 ctlli , C entile , Andre PaUz^ai , and Alexandro Farra , admit 
 of no humane figure, unlefle it be fabulous, monftrous or kiflori- 
 call,bccaufe otherwife they beleeve,thatal>^t'/y> would refem- 
 bletheMedall. 
 
 Some other Doflors do not think fit that xheDevi/c be deprived 
 
 of 
 
ffrDevifes, a* 
 
 of fo noble and excellent a thing, as the figure of a manj in favour 
 whereof they urge many feeming reafons,which I omit the more 
 willingly, bscaufeldoe not intend to perfvvadc others to that 
 which I approve not my fclf. 
 
 FrAfiagUto IntronAto permits it in cafeof neceffity, whereto 
 we may anfwer, that things done by neceflity, fddome or never 
 fucceed well, befides it happens rarely, that a Devife receives any 
 conftraint, having a field of fo great extent, as all thofc things 
 which Art and Nature doe afford. 
 
 Tis true, Arifiotle proves , that we may take comparifons from 
 the humane body^ but he doth not affirme them to be equally good 
 with thofe which are borrowed elfewhere. The very Poets take 
 no Comparifons from the fame *$'/?^f*>/,folongas fancy affords 
 themothersof a different. So the Author that frameth a Devife^ 
 ought to ground it upon the moft noble and fure Bajis of Com- 
 parifon, that can be taken from a different Species, 
 
 The Author which compiled a difcourfc at Rome upon the De- 
 vifeoithe Acadcmicks, called Renevati/isyct more rigorous, in 
 not admitting of any part of humane body, nor hands, nor arraes, 
 nor heartjbut furely that is too great afcrupleiFor what grace can 
 a hammer ftriking upon an Anvile have,anleffe a hand be beftow- 
 ed upon it? And how can we rcprefent the windsfwhich ferve for 
 bodies of very excellent Devlfes)i(y^Q be not permitted to adde a 
 head tothem?itwere indeed to incur a great inconvenience,wher- 
 in a csTt3.in Pe^attt vaunting a skil in thatMyftcry,as being profef- 
 for of the 2 befl languages in the world,and reputed to have fo pro- 
 digious a memory, that it confumed all his judgement, as the Epi- 
 taph doth witneffe, which is already prepared for him before his 
 death. This univerfall Doftor then,caufing a Devife to be drawn 
 by an excellent Limmer (who underftood as little the art of ma- 
 king them,as theend whertothcy tended jdifcovered unto him his 
 intent to have the body of a Devife drawn,wherof the Motto was, 
 Qno Flantb CoRUSCANT,&the figure was burning coals 
 upon a Chafing-difh : And becaufc it wanted the blowing of 
 wind, (for the expreffion of which he was much troubled) the 
 Painter propofcdthe adding ofa little face, as it is ufuall in fuch 
 cafes. AfAge, Apage, faid this great Devifor, I will have no hu- 
 mane face ithe Artificer in a merry and joviall humour, anfwered 
 him fmilingly. Sir, I know^ no way more fit to reprcfent youc 
 ' V 2 in- 
 
3^ 
 
 Rules 
 
 intention, unkflcyou apply unto It, the other part of the body 
 that hath no face, and ytt makes windjAtlafthc concluded to 
 fetapaire of bellowes unto it. Is not that (I pray j a figure of a 
 goodly apparcnce and proportionate to a gallant and magnani- 
 mous defignc ? nor is it for that thcfc figares have no relation one 
 with another, nor are derived from the fame art of Kitchinry, 
 (w^ell knownctothe Vniverfities.) I give you this example, to 
 let you fee,that that man is oft-times deluded that ufeth too much 
 fubtilty ; And this paflage is the more credible, in regard I hid it 
 from the feU fame Artificer, who telling me of it, did then com- 
 plaine,that the Doflor had not to that day paid him for his labour, 
 according to his promife. 1 had not mentioned this conceit , if 
 the fubj ed we handle had not engaged me to it. I could reheatfe 
 a prank, no lefTc unjuft, then the other ridiculous, but that I have 
 already infinuated it under the title o'c B~t*fcelii* s opinions, concern- 
 ing the condition that ought to be obfervedin appropriating to 
 ones felfthe Devife of another Author; It is there where I have 
 made mention of the Devifcy which my late Uncle Robert Efiien- 
 ne did invent in honour of the Duke of Rofny^ fince Duke o^SuiSj, 
 grand Mafterofthc Artillery, by whom heehadthc honour to be 
 b.lovtd, it was then received with fo gencrall apphufe, that it 
 was judged worthy to be eternized in Gold and brafle, and to fay 
 rruih, it was ftamped upon all the Ordnance that were caft at that 
 time in the Arcenall, embroydred upon the Officers CafibckSjand 
 upon the ornaments of the fhopsof Artillery : It is not poflible 
 therefore thatthisnew Difi^i/^^^'fhould be ignorant as well of the 
 name of the firft Mafter, as of the comon ufe of this Devife^ ho w- 
 cver by difl'emblingit, he did appropriate to himfcrlf the invention 
 of It, and was fobold, as togive itasan Griginall, wholly and 
 without alteration, to another Lord thathad thefime command 
 among the great Officers of that Crowne, and who in that King- 
 dome held the place of its rightful! pofllflor. 
 
 Motto'j) are abfolutdy ncceffary insi Devife, though fome Au- 
 thors have held the contrary, for according to their opinion the 
 Devife being a kindof Metaphor(which is in a maner nothing elfe 
 but a Comparifon) it needs but one fubjec^ chinged into another ; 
 But thcfe Authors arcdeceived in thispoint, fine* the figure of an 
 Animal, plant, or fuch like fubjed, is of itlclf indifKrent to the 
 fignification of the particular quulities that the thing rcprefented 
 
 may 
 
for Devifes. 37 
 
 may have ; In fo much that it ought to be determined by the Mot- 
 to, to fome one of its qualities, that is to fay, to that, which the 
 Author intends to attribute to the perfon, of whom hec makes the 
 Devife, from thence it commeth that the greatcft confufionot 
 difficulty in underftanding fome Devifes arifethfrom the bodies 
 being altogether naked and dtftitute of words, which fliould 
 «!iftingui{h their different proprieties , whence the concepti- 
 on , fancy and invention of another may be juftly for- 
 med. 
 
 Chap. XIIII. 
 The PriftcipaU Canfes compofing a Devife, 
 
 ADevife (as a fubjcft compoft:d of a body and a foule) ought 
 to have his eflentiall caufes:the materiall is no other, but 
 the figure of the bodies, or the inftruraents of thofc things, which 
 are inferred in the Bevife^ 
 
 The formall caufe, which gives it life, is is the refemblance 
 or comparifon, which (to exprcflfe the Authors meaning j oc- 
 curres in the natuarll or artificial! properties of the figure. 
 
 The final) caufe, is the fignification or Comparifon underftood, 
 by meanes whereof we expreffe more deerly, with more efficacy 
 .and livelineffe, a rare and particular conception of wit. But here 
 we muft obferve, that thefe termes oiSingulcr and rare are due to 
 the definition okDevifcy^oxdiS muchasaD^wT^ought not to be 
 made ufe of for the cxpreflion of triviall or vulgar fancies, the in- 
 vention being onely to declare vertuous thoughts or heroicall dc- 
 fignes with grace and fubtility j And it is to the end that this kind 
 ©f conceptions may be held worthy to fpring and grow in gene- 
 rous fouls by the power and efficacie vjhiohDevifes have to ravifti 
 and excite the moft noble fpirit? , which way foever they compre- 
 hend them ; and with fo much the more eafe^ by how much 
 they fhall difcGver the rarity and gentilleffe of the Devifelnthz 
 conception. 
 The efficient caufe,is the wit or underftanding.difpofed to know 
 the relations, fimilitudes and conformities which meet in the 
 things figured \ there being nothing in this Wpry, but hath a con- 
 pj - - -^ formity, 
 
3 5 "R^*/^^ 
 
 formity,refemblance or relation, with other, though the fubjefts 
 be more or leffe unlike. 
 
 It is not needful! to produce any other rcafon for the formall 
 caufeofaZ)*t/i/^:becaufe we doc not fay that the Motto is the 
 forme, nor have we call'd it the Soule,as Paulus fevins and others 
 have done ; Seeing that as the proper and fubftantiall forme ot a 
 living Creature is the Soul, and not the breath,Gr tone of the voice, 
 which he uttereth in token of his inward meaning, and to exprella 
 his affcdionsor paflions:Sois it very certaine that the rcfem- 
 blance or comparifon is the forme of a Devife, and by confe- 
 quenceits life and foule. And the Motto is but as the breath, or 
 tone of the voice, which declares the nature and propriety of 
 the thing, whence the comparison is taken. Therefore we may 
 fay that the motto (added to thefc foure caufes j is the Inftrumcn- 
 tall caufe, which is made ufe of, todifcovcr (by vertue of the 
 words J the proper quality of the figure, and by difcovering it to 
 diftinguifti the other qualities, that have their being in it; Info 
 much as the Motto (confidered alone by it felfe) by no means 
 makes a Dft'//^, as the Commentatour u^on fovitu would have 
 it, who holds that a DffwyJr maybe framed or a Motto without t 
 body, and of a body without a Motto. 
 
 The end of a Devife (according to Ammirato, Comile, Aruigie^ 
 among the Academicks oiBrefce^ JehartyAndre PaUz^i^ihe Bole- 
 »w»Dod:orand Academico RenovAtd) is nothing elfe but to ex- 
 preffe covertly by meanes of figures and words a conception of 
 humane wit. And fome oh hefe Authors fay that it ought to be 
 expreffed in fuch fort that it be intelligible to the learncd,and hid- 
 den from the illiterate. 
 
 To this purpofe,I amrefolved to make a fmall digreflion ; for 
 itfeemestome,thatallI>^f»/>/ ('as to the facility and underttwi- 
 dingof them) ought not to be handled in that manner. Tnulw 
 Jovitu and fome others doe diftinguifti them into Amorous and 
 Heroick, and v/ill, that under thele two kinds, divers i';>roVj be 
 contained. And truly there is no doubt, but that there are as ma- 
 ny forts ofDevifes,3iS we have pafllons and inclinations. There- 
 fore it is needful! to diftinguiCb them, and to obferve what we 
 have already faid, That onciy fome 2) tffi/i?j ought to be knowne 
 and intelligible to every one, and that others ought to be more ob- 
 fcure or Icffe common , according to the circumftances of time, 
 * place 
 
forDevifes, ^p 
 
 place, and pcrfons for whom they are mad«, as if they be for 
 Tournaments, Mafques, or fuch like, I am ofRufcelU's opinion, 
 that the Z)^z/»/ff ought then to be cleere and intelligible to all, and 
 that the Motto may be in a vulgar tongue , provided the words be 
 well chofen, emphatick, or fignificative and briefe. The like may 
 be faid of Amorous I>evi[es,un\t^& the Author woald have his in- 
 tentions onely difcovered to his Miftreffe or particular friends, in 
 which cafe the Z)^z/*/> may be made obfcure, and he that bears it 
 may refcrve the cxpofition to himfelfe. 
 
 The morall Devifes, which are not made for any particular per- 
 fon, but onely for inftruftion, ought to be fo contrived, that every 
 ©ne may receive fome profit by them : Not that I approve the Mot- 
 toes oft hefe to be in a vulgar language, but I could wifh them to 
 be taken out of fome good well-knowne Author, and the leaft ob- 
 fcure that can be met with; for if they be put in a vulgar tongue, 
 for the forefaid reafon oi Rufcelliy {vizj. ) to the end that every un- 
 lettered perfon may underftand them ; that would deprive us of 
 another benefit^which a moral Dtvife flaould bring with it,which 
 is, to be underftood by the generality of men, and in that cafe, 
 ftrangers (though learned) will not comprehend it. Therefore it 
 is better fome of the unlearned fliould be deprived of theunder- 
 ftandingofyourDft/j/^jCby which alfo they would not be much 
 edified) then that all the learned men offorraigne parts fliould be 
 debarred from the knowledge of it. 1 know well that an Author 
 may compofe Devifes of Love, Morality, or fuch like fubj:.fts, 
 wherewith to adorne thcchimney-peeces, Clofets, or Galleries 
 of bis houfe, with intention to have them underftood by his Com- 
 patriots ; but this reafon hinders not, the Mottoes being in an uni- 
 verfall language, becaufe ftrangers (that (hall vifit you out of a cu- 
 riofity to fee rarities ) will take as much pleafure in contemplating 
 the acutencffe of your wit, as in beholding the magnificence of 
 your buildings, and your countrymen will receive the fame con- 
 tentment, and no Icflc profit, when they (hall be entertained by 
 you with the expofition of the words. 
 
 We may fay as much oiiYiokBevifes which are made for Cor- 
 nets, Enfignes, Standards and Guidons, in regard we doe not wil- 
 lingly beare armes at home, but rather make them known in for- 
 raigne parts, where we ought to be very free in making our cou- 
 rage appcarc, apd to denounce lome kind ofterrour by the gallant 
 
 dtfigns 
 
4<5 
 
 Sules 
 
 dtfigns of our Devlfes. And for that which concerns the Devifes 
 of Kings and all foycraigne Princes, it is of abfolute ncceflity, 
 that the Motto's Cii intended for feemly & profitable) be either in 
 Latine or Greek, to the end that the enterprizes or heroictll de- 
 fignesofthofe Princes Cwhofe vertuesarc very exemplar toall 
 people) maybe underftood by the generality, by making ufe of 
 thofe ancient languages, which cannot receive any fuch alterati- 
 on, as the vulgar ones doe, which ( whilft the Academicks ftrive 
 to reforme) the comon people doc dayly corrupt, by the confufi- 
 on of ftrange Idiomes. And wee may withfo much the leffc 
 difficulty, ufe thefe two Miftrefle tongues, by how much it is 
 mod certaine, that the body of a Devife^ takeneither from nature 
 or art, hath the fame proprieties and ufe in all Countries. I am al- 
 fo of opinion that we ought not to make ufe of any other languag© 
 in {\j,z\J)evifes as are made in thefe daies for the Coins or Stamps 
 of Princes and Communities, (ince they ferve in ftead of reverfes 
 of ancient Mcdalls, and are ftamped in lafting mettall, to ferve as 
 tradition and hiftoricall memory to poflerity . 
 
 A perf eft Bevife Cas we have already (hewed) takes its eflfcnce 
 from the Comparifon or Metaphor: thefe two figures of Rhete- 
 rickareonely employed in difcourfe, to give feme light to thofe 
 things, which of themfelves have none : and if they have any, to 
 render it more perfpicuous and delightful!. Befidcs, they ferve to 
 m^ke themfelves intelligiblc,not onely tothe learned, but to all 
 indifferently, and even to thofe, whofe undcrftandings are not fo 
 cleere-fighted as others, to conceive the nature and eflence of 
 things, and tis bythismeanes, that thofe clouds are diffipated. 
 
 As forthe efficient caufeof the DevifeJ. may fay,that the know- 
 ledge, the attaining of like fub/efts, and the conformity or relati- 
 on which is found amongft divers things , may eafily be tfFeded, 
 by a Wit that hath great lights, as well of nature, as of ftudy or ac- 
 quifition of Arts and Sciences, or that is but meanly cxercifed in 
 the propriety of many works and effedls of nature. 
 
 Now the refemblanccs which meet in things,are either intrinfe- 
 call,occult,naturalland efTentialljOr other wife extrinfecall, mani- 
 feft,artificiall,kno wne and accidentall. 
 
 Barg^igU fconfidering the comparifon, as an effentiall part of a 
 Devije) doth not call thofe that are deprived of it by the name of 
 Z)f^'/,'i'/,but conceits rather, or figuratefentences, in which rank 
 
 he 
 
for Devffes, 
 heplaceththat of Charles the 5. of the two Pillars; with this 
 Motto, Plus Ultra, and that of pens, with thcfe words. 
 His ' Ad ^t her a, as much as to fay, i)^^t hj.the meanes of 
 great Ltarningy rpe acquire an everlafiingfame^ becufc? he doth 
 ' not perceive any comparifon in thefc: But thisistobefomevvhat 
 , too ligorouSjand by f ubjeding our fclvf s wholly to that rule, we 
 lofe many excellent conceptions of wit, which might by fome 0- 
 ther mcanes be efftftcd. For this reafon I grant that Devifes made 
 by Comparifon or Metaphor are thericheft and moft excellent. 
 And accordingly wc fhall treat of them at large , yet without re- 
 jedling or condemning the others, when they are acute, gentile 
 and magnanimous, and when they doe not trefpafll- againft the 
 other gencrall Rules, approved by all Authors. 
 
 As tor the Hieroglyphicks of the Egyptians, (which may be 
 inadeureofinperfedI>f'z///<'j)vvemufthaveacarenot toufethetn 
 as fimply as the Egyptians did, forafmuch as from ihofe fignifi- 
 cations of things, which are not proper or naturall, wee cannot 
 draw any true fimilitude or comparifon; befide$,thcy difcover not 
 any intention or cnrerprife that they had, but onely fomething al- 
 ready done, as by the figure of a Hat, they would (hew, that they 
 had enfranchifed a flave, or fome other perfon, for a reward : Even 
 fo by giving of an Oaken Crowne to a Soldier, they fignifitd that 
 he had faved the life of a Citizen. Moreorer, the greateft part of 
 thefe Hieroglyphicks are grounded upon the ancient Cuftomes 
 andCeremoniesoftheirReligion, which is now fGod be than- 
 ked) altogether abohfhed by the light of faith,or is at leaft known 
 at this time, but to fome few perfons, whereas a Devlfe ought to 
 beunderftood by many. I admit thatfubjeds taken from Hicro«- 
 gly phicks,and confidcred according to their nature,and not accor- 
 ding to the inftitution of men, are proper for Devifes. As if you 
 confider a hat, as it is an inftrument invented to keep off the funne 
 and raine,you confidtr it purely according to its nature j but if you 
 take it for a figure of liberty, you fuppofe then that either God or 
 man have already impofcd this fignihcation upon it. Hence it 
 coDhmethjthat to arrive ('with our Author) to the peife(5lion of 
 Devifes,at]d to expreffe the conceptions of our mind, there is nc' 
 thing fo proper, io gentile, fo powerfull, nor fo fpirituall, as thofe 
 (imihtudes and reUtions,which we difcover, walking 111 the fpa- 
 cious fields of the wonderfuilfecrcts ut nature, and qualities of 
 things,isalfo of the proper cffedsofourintcntionSjto find therein 
 G the 
 
42 
 
 Rules 
 
 the corrcfpondencie of quilities naturall , and ufage of things ar- 
 tificiall,with your own thoughts j and herein confifteth as well all 
 the grace of a Devife,^s the skill of him that makes it. 
 
 Chap. XV. 
 OfReverfes of McdaUs^and the difference heti^een thent ^Devifes, 
 
 IN the Reverfes of Medalls , we may make ufe of Hierogly- 
 phicks,F.!ble$,HiftorieSjand Cuftomes of the Ancients, becaufe 
 Medalls are' only made to eternize, by the means of the metals of 
 Gold, Silver, braffe and copper, the memory of the heroickArts 
 of Emperors, Kings, Commonwealths, States, and fuch iiluftru- 
 ous and praifc- worthy pcrfonSjas well by their (iwn vcrtue, as by 
 theeminencic of their quali;y j Therefore I am of opinion, that 
 fome of thofe things may be penaitt^d in the Devifes of Coincs or 
 ftampes, which have a great affinity with Medals, and wherein 
 wc ought not to be fo fcrupulous, as in other Devifes, norfo 
 much fubje dour fclves to the rules of the Italians, who have not 
 written of the Devifes of Sump^s or Counters, the ufe whereof is 
 elfe where leffe knowre then in France : And tis perhaps for that 
 reafon that my deceafed Uncle Robert Eflienne (who in his time 
 W^s much efteemed for the invention of Devifes) was not al- 
 waies fo ftrid: an obferver of tlieir rules. And yet for the Reverfc 
 of Medalls, iu rej.!(5ling the Fable andfome other inventions of 
 the Ancients, we may make afeofihe things themfclves, and 
 there is no doubt, but they would fuccee d far better. 
 
 A Devife d'Ifers from a Medall or Reverfe, in this, that the Dr- 
 vlfe is a declaration of the thoughts by wsty of Comparifon , taken 
 from the propriety of naturall or anificiall things j whereas a Re- 
 verfe is generally, but a memoriall of things which are done and 
 psft, evidenced by figures, which (imply reprefent thcfad,theugh 
 there be feme, which difcovenhe quality ol tt^e wit : Berides,the 
 Devife is to demenftrate a rare and particular intent , not yet 
 effcded;But the Rcverfeisto preferve the memory of feme hc- 
 roick 2.6: atrhtived by him, whofe pi(51ureis on the other fide: 
 So that the Devife regards onely the future, and the Reverfetfee 
 time pad. And againe, a pcrfed Devife ought not to admit any di- 
 vine or humane figure, be it fiditious or fabulous, but in Reverfes 
 both the one and the other may be received according to ancient 
 cuftcme. Whereof fee Examples. 
 
 ^ Nor 
 
UuoJ ji -inclandum e/l iuj,rcanjindi ^rai:j 
 ficiandum J/ 1 : allij ni rchuj yictcihm colaj. 
 
 J^>xmi iza^ioziJ'c^%i(rrib^?z£^neaL^. 
 
 
 C 
 
LIBRARY 
 . OF THE 
 J:^IVERSiTY OF ILLINOIS 
 
Slomam latcrtkam accem 
 
 
 nux^nnorr^n ri^lAAiqiLO 
 
 mca probe 
 
 Q§^ ihil niaa in naiura mca i: 
 
/ERSITY Oi 
 

 ^Ai on coclcm mocij aPuliCC eh 
 Jcra hcllua caucnclnm en 
 
 1 1 OiJ^uil cicnciere,non em<?rc imlitci 
 
OF THE 
 
J^riamui mint tn inoduin bcaiiis jmi, qiiod pairiani i 
 
 / cum 7'd'dno p<yrji}ciin xjiclxi 
 
 tiuil cum reano P 
 
 iJ Utlto melius, tulhus a, ek, xntu 
 
 niums.qiiam 
 
 ro f}j\Qmulloi,tti}enr 
 
LiSRARY 
 OF THE 
 'DIVERSITY Oi^ ILLINOIS 
 
L/phm<f old ocellus liom%JiC(d mcms 
 
 Non ovorhl micnaiia a con he Shi Jznnciyis 
 
 oyorrct cjiicno 
 
 
 irtjlcm Aiiccdcr<^ 
 
LIBRARY 
 OF THE 
 
 ^!??IVERSIT/ OF ftHNOiS 
 
ucm honiij odor d-xn qua]'ih<;i 
 
 J^aucu noiumeft.quam u-iijcra lil Lruicimn cancliho 
 
LIBRARY 
 
 OF THE 
 
 I'NIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS 
 
A/thu mefuijc Jew, aup mmuj poUciu,aepo ifo 
 Jmuerio, pnt^ahi into inucre . 
 
 q)ic qeihiruj jum impcf-nim, vl jcuvn rem populi 
 else, non meam vrnuifnin . 
 
LIBRARY 
 OF THE 
 
 :^^!VERSiTY OF IL' 
 
Talii vriut^hsJif lmj:><frahr, annates Jtl^i 
 prntahs ovlaf naPerc ■ 
 
 Hcncihus cjf Casein. i^niim cnicm jcruciir. 
 quam mule holfcs occidcrc . 
 
LIBRARY 
 
 OF TME 
 
 UfflVERSlTY OF ftUNOiS 
 
I\cn deed impcraiorcm pvapropcrc 
 
 amcauam aacrc 
 
 A.h incolumi. auannus paulahm, nccjoha peijici 
 
 pojfiintei morhio luhil. 
 
OF [|-iE. 
 Uf^lVERSITY OF fUlNQ! 
 
nLmiins cit,mc hi d \aiuim amicorum connlwm. 
 
 /nuam M iaici mcam^x/wm^ volunlalcm c^cjui 
 
 nanim ciimuiu per Lhicnminu <:ihrdc<.lcconnu ucltiqict 
 
LIBRARY 
 
 OF THE 
 
 ^'^IVERSn7.0f ILLIS^OiS 
 
for Devifes. 45 
 
 Nor doe I think that thefe rules be altogether rieceflkry in the 
 Devifes of Coinej, in rerpe(ftof the refemblance they have with 
 Med jUs,for we fee many wherein the illuftrious Ads of Kings are 
 graven, and many othe r$ wherin ih^ figures of falfe gods are made 
 ufeohogoedpurpofc; as thsDffZ'*''^ which my deccafcd Uncle 
 made, after thclate King Hf^r^ the Great of i^r<«w?, had reduced 
 the Duke of Savoy to reafon: The Duke (who thougiit he had 
 laid hold of a good opportunity to qutrrell with the faid King du- 
 ring the trcublts of France^ thereby topoflcfie himfeUe o\ the 
 Marquifate of Sa/ujfej) caufcd Coynes or money to beflamped, 
 where there was a Centattre trampling a CrowBcRoyall under 
 hisfcrcf, with this Wcrd, Opportune, but foone after, that 
 invincible Monarch made him repent himf Ife of his enterprize, 
 and derided his foolifh prtfumption, when he poured his Forces 
 I.. i'S Country, and in an inlV-int (forcing all his Townes)made 
 himfclf. Miller of ihe whole Province, and conftrained the Duke 
 to tsv',' re courfe to h"s mt rcy . After that dorious vi'flory.to coun- 
 ter- 1 alancc the Z)<?z///f of tne Duke, my Uncle invented this for 
 tlielh ! IS- ft-e King about the yeare 1601. whereon we m'ght 
 fee a Hercules IciiiJuing a Centaure, with this word, Op p o r- 
 T u N I u s : And truly iliiskind of encountring o^ Devifes is 
 handfome ,and I belceve BargagU himfelfe would approve it, for 
 the ditfcrences that follow, theysmay cafily be admitted in the 
 Df-z///^ of Coynes, to wit, that Hiiroglyphicks have no place in 
 Dfz/i/f/jbutinMedalls: that in thefe the figures ought not to be 
 named, as they are in others. And that in Devifes the words are 
 abfolufely neccflary,but not in Medalls. 
 
 Bargagli doth not admit of any figures of Temples,Triumphant 
 Arcks, or Amphitheaters, though they arc eiFed:s of Art. Never- 
 thelefTe I am of opinion with ScifioneAmmiratOy that they are 
 very graceful! in i>(rfj,/i'/ , when they are rightly applyed , and 
 fothat the Temples be tafily knowne of themfelves,without need 
 of bearing their names infcribcd. 
 
 Contrary to the opinion of ^w7w»V<!i/e and Contile, Bargaglif 
 would neither have Df-^/i/ir/ drawn from Hiftory, Events, nor Fa- 
 ble : And FraftagUto concurs with Contile, fo that the applicati- 
 on be made by comparifon or fimilitudc, and that the Hiftory, 
 Event or Fable be generally knowne. Sec Bargagli* s Rea- 
 
 G 2 As 
 
44 
 
 . AsformeCfaith he j lean neitherapproveof the FabIe,Event5, 
 nor Hiftory ; I cannot beleeve that another mans fancie can be 
 pexfeftly cxprcffed by the proofe of a particular aftion, which 
 perhaps hath never happened above once ; Thertfore I hold, that 
 he muft draw it from things univerfall of their owne nature, and 
 from Arts , which are daily renewed , and which continue, even 
 till they become immortall. Rhetoricians hold, that that proofe 
 which is made by examples, is a very weak argument, as procee- 
 ding from particular things ; whereas the Induftlon (which is 
 but a coUedlion, or heap of many like particulars) becomes as an 
 univerfall nature, whereof the power is greater, and the grace 
 morecenfpicuous. In matter alfo of D^i/^T?/, Hiiloricall events 
 hold the place of an Example, but naturall qualities, and the ufage 
 of things artificiall, {hall hold.the place of Indudlion. 
 
 Tistrue, this kind of perfeftD^z/i/f/isthemoft difficult to 
 pradice on,and therefore not a work for every common wit, nor 
 forthofe, who (to avoid trouble) make ufe indifferently of all 
 that comes into their fancie. And for conclufion of thiscontro- 
 verfie, I am of opinion (with our Author) that we may draw ve- 
 ry excellent conceptions, as well from Fables as from Hiftorie ; 
 butthofe that (hall be taken from Nature and Art, Iliillcome 
 neereft to perfe<Sion. 
 
 Chap, XVI. 
 Ohfervations for "Devifes^ taken from natHreand Art. 
 
 HAving already concluded, that themoft proper and fruitful! 
 veyne of the world, from whence Devifes may be drawne,is 
 from Nature and Art ; wemuft obferve,that there are two dange- 
 rous rocks, which (if not avoided^ may cafily fliip- wrack our 
 little vefTell. 
 
 • I . Firft then, in expreffing our thoughts by fignes taken from 
 Nature or Aif, we muft take heed not to intermixe in the fame 
 body of ri Vevife, Naturall works with Artificiall , (incc they have 
 no conforn 1 y at ;iil each with other, nor that we put in the fame 
 body, divtrs Naturall things accumulated one upon another, nor 
 divers Artificiall, which have no relation to each ether. As for 
 "".- "" exam- 
 
for XXvifes, 4J 
 
 example, a Dolphin embracing «n Anchor; with tliefe >vcr<^<f. 
 Pes TINA Lhnte :Thisisa7)?'z///>,whichtrefpa(Tethag3irj{t 
 that firft Maxime, befides other vifible defers that it hath,the Mot- 
 to requiring no figure, it being intelligible enough of it feUc, and 
 making a compleat fentence, it needed no figure to cxprtfle en- 
 tirely the fenfe of the Author. Befides,thofe wot ds are too com- 
 mon, and have been fo hmiliar in the mouth of Augujlm Cefar, 
 that at this day they defcrve not to be made ufe oi in Devifes. But 
 the greateft fault that Bt^rgagU finds therein, is the con/anftion of 
 »Dolphin with an anchor, which have no relation to each other, 
 forasmuchastheAnchor (having noothcr ufe then toftay Ships) 
 cannot have any other refemblance with the Do]phin,or any other 
 fifli, except with the Remora^ which fthey fay) is able to ftop a 
 Ship. Andyettisnotlongfincea recent Author made ufe ot it 
 in a Devife almoft of a like dcfigne ; whether it fucceed welljl re- 
 fer my felfe to thofe, who having feen it, arc able to judge ot the 
 Copy, by the Originall, and of the efFeds of an ill paitei ne. 
 
 "For example, oftheunhindfomenefTd of crowding many na- 
 turall things together, I will onely inftance the Devife ofaTor- 
 toife which hath wings, with this Motto of that mcft excellent 
 Poet, Hannihall Caro, Amor Addidit, Love hath added 
 them. Is not this to compofc a Chymera, and forge to ones felfe a 
 fantafticall monfter, by joyning in one body the natureof abird 
 tothatofabeaft ? Whence you may gather wliat abfurdity fol- 
 loweth the conjunftion of naturall with natural! things, nor need 
 you doubt but that the repugnancy of many artificiall things are 
 noleffeinfufferable. 
 
 2. You muft have a care,that (in pbcing the figures of naturall 
 fubjtA-)youdoenot defliroy their efientiall properties, or that 
 (for exprefling your conceptions) you doe not matre their pro- 
 per quality, by abufing the ufe ef them, and that you dragthetn 
 not as it were by the haire,wrefting or conftraining them to come 
 to your defigne,after the manntr of that Author of a Drz'//?, where 
 there is a Batt that looks ft( adily upon the Sunne, contrary to her 
 nature, with this Motr« , Ad Insueta Feror, i.e. I force 
 my felfe to an unaccufloTwdthlng. Doey<.>u nut tee in this exam- 
 ple, that the compar'fon is taken from a faHv qualify, which this 
 Author attributes to the Batt, whocan by no meanes endure the 
 raycsof the funne?Tis true, this kind of falic fuppofition is per- 
 
 G 3 mittcd 
 
46 R^^^ 
 
 mittcd to Poets, fwho have moreelboW-roome , and whofe pro- 
 feflion is to Feigne and metamorphize at pleafure) but not to the 
 Authors ofZ>tfz/e/^J,v;ho are obliged to be drift obfervsrs of the 
 truth. 
 
 Here we muftalfoobfcrve,thatitis lawful! to u(e the propriety 
 of anaturalirubjcftjbeitanimaljplant, fruit, or other thing, ac- 
 cording to the generall approbation or received rpinion of ancient 
 AuthorSjthoughthe Modernes have lately dicovered it to be falfe, 
 becaufethe comparifon which is grounded upon a quality,reputed 
 true by the generality, though indet d it be talfe, fhail be more uni- 
 verfallyreceived, and better underflocd, then if it were grounded 
 upon a true property, which n&vertheklT^ were htld falfc, and 
 •which were altogether unkno'^ne to the grf atcr part ot the lear- 
 ned. Thus the holy Fathers did ufet he CQnipMifon of the Phenix 
 toprovetheRefurrecflionof Jcfus'Chrift. We miy alto appropri- 
 ate to this fenfe, the quality of the Bear c, who (iccording xo the 
 generall opinion) brings forth her } oung ones like a lu:rp offl ih, 
 * withoutforme ordiftinftion of memberSjUntill with long lickii.g, 
 
 * fbe renders them perfcd and poliQied; x\iO)ig\k']ohannesBodi)tM 
 hath lately proved the contrary in his Hiftoricall Treatife. But for 
 all that, it is not lawfull to make ufe of it, according to the known 
 truth, without citing the Author. 
 
 All that wc have now faid touching figures, borrowed from 
 Nature, ought alfo to be under flood of thofe v/hich are taken from 
 Art; And v/e muft take heed never to alter the proper ufe of in- 
 ftruments,noroffuchlikethings; Ashcthat for 3,Devifecmk<i 
 a yoke to be reprefented with this word S u a v b . For although 
 Jefus Chrirt faid, that his yoke was fwect , Jugum Meum 
 ^ u A V E , it doth not follow that the yoke fignifies Empire or 
 command, unlefle it be in a Parabolicall fcnfe, as that which our 
 Saviourthenufed,andwhereoftheufageismuch different from a 
 Devifcy for that this Comparifon is taken, contrary to the pro- 
 priety of that inflrument, for no beaft that hath born the yoke did 
 ever finde it fweet , but rather foiyre, troublcfome and ponde- 
 rous. 
 
 As for the manner of drawing Comparifons from Arts, to the 
 endtomakeanimpreffion or tryall of fome conception of our 
 wit, we ought to take the fimilitude from fubjedts, by drawing it, 
 not from the accidents or defers which ate in them^ but rather 
 
 from 
 
forTttvlfes, \^ 
 
 from the eflentiall quality, which puts them alwaiesin ufe, or by 
 which theyreceiremoft commendation:wemufl:alfo hare scare, 
 if there be furniry figures of Art, that they relate to each other, and 
 tend to the fame end. 
 
 We muft not ondy avoid the ufing of a figure againft its owne 
 nature, as the Bat looking fteadily upon theSunne, but alfothe 
 attributing unto the figure any quality, but what is proper unto it, 
 though by chance it may fometimesfo happen,and feem probable. 
 Neverthdcfle weruaydraw comparifons from qualities, which 
 are accidentall to naturall fubjcd:s, fo that they discover them - 
 felves by a like naturall, ordinary and known way',a$ the talking 
 or prating of a Pai tot, who ilrives to fpeak in imitation of man, 
 which pre pen y is but an accident, whereof neverthelcflfe we may 
 makeulcin Z)^x'//J'J,a$Gfaknowne and truething. Thelikeis 
 to be pradiccd in making ufe of inftruments , infuch fort as al- 
 waies ro ha v€ regard to thtir proper ufe .* And tis againft this Ma- 
 xime thit Comile hath erred, who inferted a Ship arrived in a ha- 
 ven between Rocl^s with this Motto, Labor e Et Vir- 
 THTE, confidering the Ship, not having power tocomc to the 
 haven ofherfelf, needed fome other meanes to condufl her thi- 
 ther. 
 
 For the cleerncfle of the Comparifon, as the Matsphors ought 
 net to be taken from things too much removed^ or which are Icfle 
 prcceptible, then the fubjedt which we would have to be mads 
 knowne by them : So the Comparifons ought to be dra wne from 
 things that are cleerc and intelligible, bt ciufe the Devife is onely 
 invented todikover & explicate the intention of the Author,orof 
 him for whom it is made, in the bcft and moft efficacious manner 
 that may be. 
 
 Moreover,iti$tobcnoted,ihatthofe things are fomtimesufed, 
 which have no correfpondence with the conceptions of the mind, 
 as if we had a defigne to exprefle the care and aftedion that a Gal- 
 lant Captain fhould havefor the fafetyand confervation of his 
 Prince a Turtle dove would be figured, becaufe naturall love obli- 
 geth that bird never to part from her company. A gentleman that 
 would teftify that he could not live, without being con;oyned to 
 a Lady whom he fued in the way of marriage, made ufe in hisD^- 
 vife of a Snake, with this Motto, Aut Jungi Aut Mori, 
 Beithertobepjnedordie^ becaufe the nature of that Serpent is to 
 
 have 
 
48 Rules 
 
 have every part, fo true a friend to each other, that being cut or 
 divided into feverall pieces, they eafily joyne and re- unite them- 
 felves, fo that her skin may but touch the skin that is cut : in 
 which you perceive wcll,therc is no Coherence, fince tis proba- 
 ble the gentleman was never conjoyned to the Lady becaulc he 
 fought her by the way of honour, whereas the Snake cut in pie- 
 ces had been joy ned and united before (he was cut. 
 
 It we pretend to render a Bevife pcrfcd in all parts, decencie 
 and civility muft be obfervcd , as well in the figures as in the 
 words ; For as the eares of the vertuous are offended at obfcene 
 words, foare»their eyes at an immodeft figure. Many Italians are 
 guilty of this crime, whereof I lift not to bring examples , left by 
 condemning incivilities and indecencies in Devifes^ I become of- 
 fenfive to your eyes or eares. It (hall fuffice to take notice, that 
 that Author did incur a reproach, who caufed a Cat to be repre- 
 fented hiding her ordure, with this word, Tegbndum,*/ mnji 
 he hid. However my meaning is not that it is necelidry to rej^d: 
 or binifti the inftruments of any fervile trades^nor vencmous or ug- 
 ly beafts from Z)rt///fJ,fo that the adion reprefented, or quality 
 employed, be decent in the pidure, and in the compari(« )n, which 
 the Author intends by it.But if the Z^^z^f/tf be to exprcffc it felfein 
 favour of fome renowned perfon, there muft not be any abjeft in- 
 ftruments inferted, fuch as Dripping-pans, Frying-pans,Chafing- 
 difties,andBellowes, which would render the comparifon odi- 
 ous. And Ctellmej would it not be a very ridiculous invention 
 to reprefent the dignity of a Grand Mafter of the Artillery by a 
 Chafing-difti, bccaufe the principall and eflentiall tSzds of that 
 charge depends on the fire; and that the command of the Prince 
 is like the bello wes that kindles that fire, and puts it in adlion a- 
 gainft the enemies of the State ? By the fuppofition of this exam- 
 ple you may judge how much it importeth, the intention or de- 
 figne of an Author to be demonftrated by bodies or figures, which 
 be proper und agreeable to the perfon. 
 
 The Armes of Families may very well be converted into Devi- 
 /<?/,andthe Authors who undertake thefe kind of Bhzons, may 
 give themfelves fome licence , in refpcd of the great difficulty 
 there is in lighting upon fome quaint conccipt of wit, efpecially 
 in thofe, where nothing can be added or diminifbed j but in this 
 point we mull: obfcrve, that whenfoeveraCoat hath many pieces 
 
 alike. 
 
fw Devifes, ^p 
 
 alike, as three ^lower-de-luces,three Rofes, three CreffantSjSf ars 
 without numb ir, and the like ; the Motto may be attributed to one 
 onely, as to a Flower-de-luce, a Rofe, a Creflant, a Starjbccaufe in 
 this cafe the plurall number is not confidered , but in fubftance, 
 and in the reprefentation of the fame naturall quality. 
 
 A DtfT/iy^ may alfo be handfoiiiely. framed from two. diflfsirent 
 Coats of Armes, as of the Hubband and his Wife, of two friends, 
 of two Kings, of two States united and confederate. Will you 
 have an example of it, taken out of our Author Bargagli ? A Hus- 
 band bearing Vnde in his armes, and his Wife Rofes, gave occafion 
 to joyne them together in one Blazon, with thcfe words, I r r i - 
 GATae ViVATiORES, i.e. they are more lively whefj they are 
 Tvatered, 
 
 But if we put Mottoes (imply upon Armes, which fpeake or 
 addreffe themfeivestoGod, to a Prince, or to the world, with- 
 out having any relation to the figure, that cannot by any meanes be 
 called a Devljeyh\xt onely a Cimier. 
 
 By the way, let us obfcrve with Bargagli ^ that his ingenuity 
 muft not be condemned, who from the fame matter (whereof o- 
 thers have made uf>:)feekcth new qualities, which he expreffeth 
 in another manner, and applyesto new defignes. 
 
 As for the bodies o( Devifes, tis good to be advertifed, that 
 there are many things in nature, which neither draught, fculptare, 
 nor painting it fdfe can reprefent, and therefore are of noufe for 
 Deviffs, though we might draw from thence many pretty fan- 
 cies; As from duft, and from the gravell which flyes carry un- 
 der their wings, to the end they may not be carryed away by the 
 wind. 
 
 We mull: fo order it, that things as well naturall as artificiall, 
 be reprefentcd infuch exaft manner,as that they mayrefemble the 
 naturall, as necre as may be,and it is for that reafon, that Bargagli 
 approves oUhe immediate ufe of living things, and reall inrtru- 
 mcnts,without painting, in the combats of Tournaments and at 
 Mafques, which are but of one dayes continuance. 
 
 The Allegory ought to have no place in the Devife ; (ince this 
 is a metaphor continued or amplified , and that hath neither the 
 force, nor luftre of a metaphor. 
 
 Thouj^h the quantity or plurality of figures (which is neceflary 
 in the compoiition of a Dgvife) be no part of its effence,but onely 
 
 H an 
 
©5 
 
 Rttles , 
 
 an accident, it is nevertheleffe expedient to know^ that for the 
 pcrfe(ftion©faDffz/»/^, more then three figures muft not be infer- 
 ted,«nlefleallof them relate to one and theizmejpeciet, and be of 
 the fame nature and quality ; fuch is that Devife where we fee an 
 Elephant and a flock of fheep , with th is Motto , I n f e s t u s 
 lNFE$Tls,i. e. opnfive te the offending : For as much as all 
 the individuals which make up the flock are ondy infcrted to 
 {hew the proper nature ot the whole Species, and to expreflethe 
 naturall fimplicity of that creature. See here my particalar opini- 
 on againft that ot^<<r_^4^/j, who doth not regard the number of 
 figures, fo they have fome relation to each other, and ferve to the 
 comparifon : He holds alfo, that that Devife (whereof the body is 
 compofed of three figures, ncceflary to the comparifon) hath a 
 better apparence,then that where there is oncly one ; betides that^ 
 it is more difficult to appropriate the quality of divers bodies to 
 one onely foule,then to animate one foie body by one Motto. 
 
 Bargaglirejs&s the opinion ofthofe, who would have the bo- 
 dy of a Z)^z///^ not to be other wife reprefcnted then in black and 
 white, and laith, that this pradice is nowhere admittablc, but 
 in Deferts, where we can neither find colours, nor workman of 
 ability to draw them otherwife ; therefore this Author allowes of 
 all forts of colours in Devifes. 
 
 As for my part,I fliould be of his opinion , as to thofe Devifes 
 which are for Tiltings, Tournaments and M.ifques, forEnfigneS 
 and Cornets; but for thofe that are to be applyed io Coines, or 
 other fubjeds of metall or ftone, which are caft, molten, coyned 
 or carved, colours are utterly to be rejedlcd , otherwife we muft 
 make no Devifes, whereof the body can be comprehended or 
 knowne without the help of colours. For to fay truth, anabfo- 
 lutc Prince (who hath been long Mafl:er of a Devife) will not on- 
 ly difpole it upon embroidered Caflaques, upon Ghimney-pieces 
 or Cabinets, but alfo upon his Coynes, Marble-ftoncs, Brafle, and 
 other metals. Moreover, when colours are not rcquifitc , nothing 
 can hinder the infertingof D^i'^yi'x in all convenient places. 
 
 We have already fpoken of thofe ornaments, which we utterly 
 rejedinZ>^v>/«,unleffcthey be hands, that hold fome kmd of 
 thing according to cuftomc , or humane faces, to reprefcnt the 
 winds, which woald otherwife be very hard to decipher. 
 
 Chap. 
 
for T)ivl[es] 5 1 
 
 Chap. XVII. 
 OfMottofs, 
 
 T He Motto fervethforno other thing, but for a kind ofMini- 
 fter, interpreter,or neccflary inftrumcnt, to bring in the Com- 
 parifon and to difcovcr the quality and propriety of the figure, in 
 fo much as the ufe of it, is in rcfpeft of this Art, what Speech is to 
 the nature of man, to expreffe his thoughts. 
 
 Three things are to be confidcrcd in the Motto ; What it ought 
 (imply to be towards the proper figures of the D^^t/?: What it 
 ought to be in cxtrafting the quintefl"ence,and demonftrating the 
 naturall or artificiall proprieties of the figure ; And hftly, what it 
 muft be in regard of it felfe. 
 
 According to the opinion of Rttfcelli and of many others, whom 
 I find to be guided by reafonin this point, no figure of the body 
 ought to bs named in the Motto; yet fomtimes tis lawfuU to name 
 fomc part of the body, as in that Vevife where there is a Ship with 
 Sailes and oares without any gale of wind, with this Motto, 
 Akripi Remos jwhereof the laft term is ncceflary, to give to 
 underftand, that when the one fails,we may make ufe of the other, 
 that is to fay,of the oares. We may alfo name that part of the bo- 
 dy, which is hidden in the figure,& which the Pencill cannot cx- 
 prefle, as the Spring of a Gun, or Watch, the Shaft of aMill- 
 wheel,the Axis upon which the Spheare of the world movcs,and 
 fo of divers others , which we muft ufe with difcretion. 
 
 Alfo we muft not make ufe otthofe termes, which demonftrate 
 or decipher the figures, that induce the readers infpeftion :Itis 
 therefore requifite that we avoid fome certainc ufelefle words, 
 which derogate much from the grace and neatnefle of a Vevife^ 
 in which number are, Hic, Hihc, Hoc Pacto, Qui, 
 Quae, Ho c , Sic, &c. efpecially when they are inferted for the 
 illuftration of the Comparifon, fincethe Reader Cif not blinded 
 with ignorance) may behold the figures, call to mind their ani- 
 ons and difcover their application, without the help ofthefe de- 
 monftrative termes. 
 
 Though a Z)ft/*yff maybe call'd a Metaphor in fome kind, and 
 H2 that 
 
52 of the Mottoes 
 
 that this figure of Phetorickis requifite thereunto, yet is there a 
 difference between fpeaking by Metaphor and fpeakingby meanes 
 Qi2iDevife}otct\x{Q in fpeaking by a Metaphor you demonftrate the 
 thing, which you intend to fignify, by the words onely, when as 
 in difcourling by Devifes, you explicate the matter partly by 
 words and partly by figures. Whereupon have a care that the 
 expreflion of the quality of the figure,which is done by the Motto, 
 retaine nothing Metaphoricall, but that it be altogether proper and 
 pure,tothe cndyoudoenot incurrethe reproach oFheaping M::- 
 taphorupon Metaphor no more in matter of Z)f^'//lr, then in the 
 compofiticn of verfe or Profe. 
 
 Now as MeKaphorick and tranfported termes aUvaies appear to 
 our underftandings with two fignifications, whereof the one is 
 the proper and the other the ftrange, externe and borrowed, by 
 meant s of the Similitude, which it hath in comon with the firft : 
 Even fo may we f!y,thati)tf'Z'//fjprefent thtmfclves to our un- 
 derftandings with two fignifications ; the one is,ihe natursll qua- 
 lity, ©r the ufage of the thing reprefentcd by the figure ; and the o- 
 ther is, the meaning of the Author. Now to come to the appre- 
 henfion ef the Devifc,v/s miift abandon the fiift fignification , and 
 difcover the fecond, by means of therefemblance, which the qua- 
 lity or ufage of the thing figured hath with the conception of the 
 Authors fancie. To prove that the ^ofrooui.ht alvvayestofpcak 
 properly,andtobetaken in its firft fignification , we rhall onely 
 need toinftance tiie example cf him,who caufed a. ball of Chriftall 
 tobertprefemc?dwi;hthI^ Motto, Intus Et In Cute,- 
 i.e.ypiihln^ndupoK the skin, where this vvcid ]N Cute is al- 
 together MctaphorickjCriibll hsving uLichtr skin, nor any thing 
 onihefurfacc anfwtrable to a skin , therefore it had been more 
 propLrio havofaid, Intus Et Extra, wthinani without. 
 Nevertiieklfe, we may with dTcrttion ufe a Metaphoricall word, 
 whcnby longufeitisrendrtdfo familiar, that we receive it no 
 long>f r, astranfported frooi ens feiifeto anoihtfr, but as proper to 
 thefubjt<^ we intend. T-.is is that condition which ciufcth the 
 phrafe of Pffr<?r^ to be approved, when he faith, that he hath 
 ieenetwolightswceping,ViDi Lagrimar Que Due 
 Be Lumi; Forcertainly Lights {bed no tearesjand it would 
 be v/ithcut ground, whofoevcr fhould attribute to a light the capa- 
 city of weeping, if that word C^ighls] were not commonly re- 
 
 ceired 
 
ofDivifes, J J 
 
 ceived to fignifie the two eyes of a man, in fuch like difcourfe. 
 
 We ought to forbearethe ufe of Sy nonima'r , Connotatives, E- 
 pithets, and other AdjuncflSjfor feare left the Motte offend againft 
 that brevity, which is requifite thereto; and for the fame reafon, 
 two Verbs are never to be admitted to difcover the fame concep- 
 tion ofmindjUnkfle one doth not fufficiently exprefle the ufe or 
 natureof the thing. Nor muft we make ufe ofthofe kind of terms 
 which Logicians call ^^7?r«^7j and y^^y^/«/^j-,vertue, vice, envy, 
 mercy, nature,knowU"dge, felicity, art, and fuch like fubftantives, 
 which ought rather to be exprefled and demonftrated by the na- 
 ture and ufageofthofe things which arc figured in the body of the 
 Devifff, and afford matter for the comparifon. 
 
 For expreflionofthe propriety of figures, and the meaning of 
 the D^z'//'^, it much importeth,the Mottoto befubtile, and that 
 the Reader may comprehend it with pleafureand pcrrpicuity,en- 
 deavoring to out-reach the propriety of the figure,and to (cruc into 
 the very meaning of the Author ; For he that ihould onely expreffe 
 the nature or ufage of the figure, would not be capable of touching 
 the fancy ofthe reader fovigoroufl}',as to leave a plefant relifh be- 
 hind it,nor of producing thofc other admirable efted:s,which ought 
 to accompany the undeiftandmg of a perfe<n:Dtfz'«y^. Agiinftihis 
 particular, that Devife would much trefpafTe, which for ns whole 
 body fhould onely have a Diamond, and for Motto thtfe 2 words, 
 Macula Carens, becaufe this Motto would onely ferve to 
 declare livnpiy the prerogative of this precious ftone/or the know- 
 ledge v.'hereof the re^dtr needed not any fubdlity or acuteneffe of 
 wit. 
 
 As for the fcnfe ofthe Motto ^ though it hath been handled be- 
 fore, yet my inttnt is to give you here the opinion of our Author, 
 who holdcth, that the y1</or/<? ought not to be too intelligible, nor 
 yet too obfcureiforas muchasthefirfl cxceffe would diminilli 
 . much of the force, p.race and quaintnefll- ofthe Devifcj and the lat- 
 ter dtfed would in no wife diiccvcrthcdcfigne or meaning ot the 
 Author; As in the Devife oiiho. Sunne and a Sun-dyall, if there 
 were but thefe words, Ni Aspiciatur, the Reader could 
 not conceive, that it is the quality of the Sun, wh^ch leads to th^: 
 intention of the Author, therefore the word which is added unto 
 it , NoN AspiciTr.R, is moft proper and neceffaryt here- 
 unto, beciufc it renders it more intelligible, (viz,) nnlej^e the Snn 
 H3 refill 
 
j^ oftheumns 
 
 refleSl en the D iali^ the Diali is net regarded. 
 
 The words are inferred in the Devife either by ProfepopoeU 
 ( w''' is a certain manner of fpeech ufed by Rhetoritians, very effi- 
 cacious to move and ftrikc the mind, by fuppofing that the words 
 come from the very mouth of the things figured) or by introducing 
 a third perfon to utter the words in forme of a Sentence, difcove- 
 ring with acutenefle of wit , the quality of the figure, Which com- 
 pofcth the body of the Devife. And as for the ufe of the Profop§- 
 pceia,yoa need notfe*re,to caufe all kind of beafts,allmechani- 
 call inftruments and other things as well naturall as artificiall to 
 fpcak, though they have no Principle, faculty or organs proper to 
 forme words j And it is in refpeft that Devifes ought in feme fort 
 to imitate Poetry, which doth not onely introduce brute beads, 
 but alfo frequently caufeth inanimate things to i'peak, for greater 
 delight, to expreffe the fancy b8tter,and to perfwade more power- 
 fully. But for the introdudion of the perfon who beares the 
 Devife^lo fpeak in the Motto, BargagU forbids it , yetfomc o- 
 ther Writers doe approve thereof ; And for my own part, I think 
 that the choice of this introduction depends upon the conceipts 
 and difcretion of the Author. 
 
 The manner ofdrawing the conception out of a Devife, hath 
 never any vigour or grace, when the words declare nothing of the 
 quality of the body ; And this is onely to be underftood of thofc 
 figures which arc cither borrowed from nature or Art : As for 
 thofe Devifes which are drawnefrom Events, they appcrtainenot 
 to this Rule. 
 
 The comparifon derived from the quality of thi figure, ought 
 not to be expreflcd in the Motto, otherwik it is to prove one ob- 
 fcure thing by another,nolefleobcure then that;for as much as the 
 propriety of the figure ought to ferve asameangs to make the 
 proof of a good conceipt. You will comprehend the practice of 
 this Rule more eafily, by the defers of that Devife, where the 
 words are,Sic Divina Lux Mihi, and for body, the 
 figure ofthehearb called Lotos, which hath the property of rifing 
 out of the water,and of elevating it felf meafurably, to the Sunnes 
 afcent above our Horizon , and of finking down with the fame 
 proportion as that Planet declines towards fetting. The firft 
 defe<flthat I difcover in the Motto of this DeviJ^, is, that it doth 
 not ia any fafhian explicate the property of the hearb, which not- 
 
 with- 
 
of Divifts, ^j 
 
 withftinding was ncceflary, fince it could not be demonftrited 
 by the figure, that this Planfisfub/cS to follow the motions and 
 exaltation of the San, rifing and letting. The i errour \i in this 
 terme (Sic) employed to reduce the Comparifon, which is not 
 comprehended, but by the operation of the underftanding,and not 
 by means of the words. Bargagli findsathirddeftdlinit, inthtt 
 the words are uttered by the Authors owne mouth : But for my 
 parti dare not condemn it in this point, fincel have not asyct 
 met with any other Author that hath diCapproved it, but on the 
 contrary , many able ones that have thought it fit to be imitated. 
 After fo exac^ a ccnfure, the Critick was obliged to reforme that 
 example, and to propofe unto us the fame Z)fv»/f without fault, 
 fubftituting in place ot the precedent Motto , thefe words follow- 
 ing,? eb. Te Mergo Et BuiKGOyi.i'ytheeJJink^andiy 
 thee l/wimywhcre you may fee the defeds repaired, md the quali- 
 ties better exprefll'd. 
 
 IhtMotto's ofDevifesarc more facile in the i.& 3.pcrfon,thcn 
 in the a. But thofealfo that can be taken both in the one and in 
 the other, are farre better, becaufeit feemes the 3 perfon hath 
 fomthing more foUid, fententious and grave, as the firft carries 
 with it foonthing of morelife & luftre, which difcovers the defign 
 of the Devife^ and ftrikes the readers underftanding more Ipright- 
 fuUy, in that he feemes tq fee and hear the thing itfdfe, which 
 fpeakcs by Prefofopcsja. But f to jiidgeot this more exadly) the 
 choice of perfons ought to be made rathtr according to the occur- 
 rencss,and the quality and ufageof the things figured, then in pur- 
 fuance of the tenour of our RuIcf. 
 
 Palazziis of opinion that the vcrbemay be hanfomly under- 
 flood in the Moito's of Devtfesy neither isitunfeemly whentis 
 cxprefled, nor likewife when there are two, which frve for a 
 more deer demonflration j the whole d.'pends upon the judgment 
 and dexterity of the Author, and the occafion of it ought to bo 
 taktn from the quality of the figures, and the propriety of the lan- 
 guage ufcd therein. 
 
 Amongfl all the moeds of verbs, which we may nfe indifferent- 
 ly , as well as the tenfes. The Indicative or dcmonftrativc 
 raood is the moft proper for a Devife, tbo Imperative is fomtimes 
 u(ed to very good purpofe : But the Optative, Subjunftive and In- 
 finitive have neither certaipty or conftancy enough to txprclfc our 
 conceptions. ' ~ The 
 
56 of the Mottoes 
 
 ' The Motto's that ate formed byway of interrog5tiGn,have ordi- 
 narily more vigour, then thofe which containe an affirmative pro- 
 pofition. 
 
 As for Adverbs, they may have place therein, to the number of 
 twojbut the negatives are moft becommingi as in the Devife of 
 the Flame, N u N q^u a M D E O R S u M, never downwards, 
 Rtifce/lidoth not approve of the Motto that is (imply negative, as 
 forthefullMoone, NoN Semper Eadem, jbe is never the 
 fame. AMottomayalfo be negative and affirmative both toge- 
 therjas J ACTORjNoN \A^KGOKylnmto^d,hHtnotdrown'dt 
 fpeakjng of a Gourd, or a bof tic made of the emptied rind thereof, 
 which Iwimmes on the water. 
 
 But fetting apart thefetriviall fearchcs into, and conditions of 
 Motto" s,\tx. us refumethe manner ot' drawing with dexterity, by 
 vertueof the Motto the propriety & ufage of the body of a Devifex 
 Alexandre Farra and BartheUmj Ta'egio conftnt , that if the 
 words doe bat fimple expreffe the nature of the thing reprefented 
 in the Devife, they refemble thofe perfons, whofe lives being de- 
 prived of the intelle(5tuall faculty, remaine buried (as it were) in 
 corporeall fences, yet there are many Authors that have not taken 
 notice of that defed: inMetto's^nOtnot P. Jovim himfelf,as Farra 
 obferveth, though other wife, he defervcis to be acknowledged for 
 the Mafter of Bevifes^ (irxe he was the firft that treated of them ; 
 Por amongft other Devifes which he hath made, that oiAlviano 
 hath this great error, where an Uiucorneisfeene, touching the 
 water of afountainc, and about him miny venemousbeafts, with 
 this Motto, Venbna PELLo,i di^ellvenome. And this is 
 that MottOy which hath not the principall condition of a Z><r- 
 vifcy that is to fay, that it (houid have fomething more mifteri- 
 ous. 
 
 In the third place, we confider the Motto of a Devife (imply in 
 itfelfcandforthatrefpedthe words ought to be very brief, fub- 
 tile and energeticall : We are therefore to rejeA thofe words 
 which are long, langui(hing, drayling and vulgar, to the end, that 
 the Motto received by the ear, :.ay give a fmart and pleafing touch 
 to the underftanding of him that heares or fees ic . 
 
 But as to the brevity of the words, the number cannot eafily 
 be prelcribed, becaufe that depends upon the J udgment of the Au- 
 thor, and upon the fubje^ which he treats of, and intends to un- 
 fold 
 
cfDevifes, 57 
 
 fold,yet we may fay that the A^otto may rective" 4. or 5 , words, 
 and likewifea wheie vcrfej according to the o^nnQn of Bar^agli; 
 But according to Rhfcel'l, Devlfes sre fo iiiucli the mere removed 
 From perfc^ion, by how much the Motto exceeds the number of 
 3 words, unlefH^the Authority of a great Poet, or the exccller-cy 
 of a rare and happy ccnctipt give you leave to mske ufe oFan Hc- 
 miftickor whole vcrl'e.The number of the words is therj jufl: and 
 ptecife faccordingtoour Author) vvhtn there is nothing far-a- 
 boundingin the Motto, nor of too much reflraint, cnj vvhenall 
 concurrstotheunderftandingofthe Bevife ; yet fo, as that we are 
 fometimes permitted to eiihrge ic to give 2 greater grsce and 
 quaintnefletothe difccurfe; But ina wofd,thegreatetlfleightand 
 fubtility of this Art ccnfifts in the brevity of the wordf. 
 The order or fcituation of the terms is alfo confiderable, becaufe 
 there are fome that arc more Aitable in one place,thcn in another, 
 as well for the fence, as for the cadence, and thefewer words 
 you employ, the more carcfuUmurt you be to choofe them pure, 
 noble, acute and graccfuil : To bring them to that perfedion, tis 
 good to com n^iUnicate them to your fi:iends, and to make many re- 
 flexions both cf your eyes and mind thereon, and not tobefcrn- 
 pulous in altering that Motto,which you have found to be good at 
 other times, when you meet with a better j This is that reforma- 
 tion which is prafticed by thegreateft Poets,Oratours,and all the 
 Mafters in this Art, who are not Idolaters of their o wne concep- 
 tions. 
 
 Chap. XVIII. 
 Ofwh^t language the Motto's ought to be, 
 
 T He opinion ofAuthors upon the choice of the language w''' we 
 ought to make ufe of in the Motto's cf Devifes are very diffe- 
 rent :for fome hold,that the language mcft proper for that purpofe, 
 is that wiiich is moft ancient, others prefer that which flourilhcth 
 in the greattfl number of Authors,and which hath moft acithority, 
 and fome others attribute that property to the language, which is 
 moft generally underfteodinall Ccuntrics, and is moftinufea- 
 morg rare wittf . Contile commends the «$'^'«»»y& tongue above 
 I ail 
 
58 of the Mottoes 
 
 all others for love matters', the Tufcane for pleafant and concei- 
 ted ^o^/oV, the Germm^ot heroickand grave, ones, theCr^^ 
 for fidlions, and laftly the Latine for all forts oi\Metto*Sj efpecial- 
 ly for the ferious and majcfticall. But the opinion. ot BargAgli 
 (who condemnes not the Judgments of othgrs, though they be 
 not grounded upon ar^y reafon or folid authority) is very particu- 
 lar on this fubjed:, and admitts theufeofallthofe Idiom^sj For 
 faith he, that concife-^^c^/tf which we aime at, is to be taken out 
 oUhat Language, where w/emcet with the bcft v/ ords, the gra- 
 veftfayings,the nobleft proverbes ormoft proper tcrmes to de- 
 clare the quality of the thing reprefented in the figure i (o that the 
 Motto (in whatfoever language it be expreffed) doe immediately 
 ftrikethe mird of him that reads or heares it, provided thatthe 
 words which we borrow from one language be defedivc in ano- 
 ther, and that they have more encrgie and fignification in that 
 language then in any other, which vertuc in words may be found 
 out by the tridudion or veifion of them. Yet I would not have 
 anunknowne language admitted, nor one that is much removed 
 from ordinary ufe, as the Perftnn, Turki/^, MftfcoviaK, Polonian 
 and the like, but rather the Latine which is received through all 
 the world, without adding tiie verfion in any other l.uiguage, be- 
 caufe (according to the opinion oiBargagU) to exprtfleone fancy 
 by a multitude of words inthefame Z^^j'i/i'jisinfupportable. 
 
 But for my part I cannot abfokuely reje A any of thefe opinions, 
 onely I find it mofl: proper to follow the molt common, which 
 is that of the La: ine, (ince that tru. ly is the language which \s molt 
 knowne, mcllpleafantjOK ft energ'q^ap, ard mo{lauthen'ick,of 
 any other in ill Europe. Th's Eiogy which we give the Latine, 
 ought not to leflen ihe ef^eem, which we are to h.,ve cf the Greek, 
 which is much more ancienr, rich, ard fignificative j And indeed 
 we may uk n free Iy,\v hen occific n prtfents itfelfcjaiid yet more 
 rarely, becaufeitisnotfo familiar, nor fo generally und^ritood 
 as the Latineis. Befidcs chat as BurgagU defircsthe bodiesof 
 Vevifes tobedrawne from Nature and Art, b^caufe their quali- 
 ties and ufagesarethe fame every where, and no waiss fubjedto 
 changf ;So I could wifh that the Motto's (hoiM betaken from the 
 Greek or Latine, in regard they are the MiftrdTe -tongues, which 
 are beft underftood by the learned, and generally of all men, 
 and which can hereaftsr receive no more alteration, fmcethey 
 
 arri- 
 
ofvevifes, ^^ 
 
 arrived to the combleoi their perfeftion with the Roman Em- 
 pire. • 
 
 Icoitfmend much ('with our Author j theufeof Rhetcricali 
 figures in M-otto's, as thofe words which Counterpoint one ano- 
 ther, which fall in a like cadence,which end in a like termination, 
 and which carry a like tone, though they have a diffcTen: fi<.^nifica- 
 tion, and fo o'f others ; For all thcfc ornaments oFdifcourfe and 
 waiesoffpeaking, do as much beautifieand illuftrate Bevifes^zs 
 OrationSjib that on the o.h'^rfide they retainethebrevity requi- 
 red, and no metaphoricaUtcime, according to the Rule which 
 we have already prefcribed. 
 
 Thofe Mottoes which are drawne from ancient Authors have 
 more grace, more vertue and authority, then thofe which we our 
 felves invent J And yet there are Ibme modcrne ones, who have 
 made us fee, that the vivacity of their wit hath not been incapable 
 of inventing and producing fome themfelves. 
 ■^ Forborrowing from the Ancients, we muft have a care (hat the 
 ^of/o'/benotfomaimed,astoleavean cflTcntiall part of the fub- 
 jedtobe underftood or divined at, as if all the world were Obli- 
 ged to know punftuallythe whole Author, from whence the 
 Motto is taken -.This defedis noted in that I>tfz'f7^ where there 
 is a Comet in the midftofmany ftars with this Motto, Inter 
 Om N E s . For the Author ofthtDevife who had a Millrefle cal- 
 led ffilia Goriz,aga, pretended that the fubtility of the Devife con- 
 fided in the fequeleof thefe words of Ow^, 
 
 — MicAT IntbrOmnes Julium Sydqs, 
 the Julian fiar out-Jhines the refi, 
 fo that if fome words of the authority muft be omitted, tocon- 
 ferve brevity in the Motto, 'twould be better to cut them ofFin 
 the head then in the taile, that is to fay, that the latter words 
 ftiould be rather inferted then the precedent, here's an exam- 
 ple of it. A gentle gale of wind blowing a fire, with this Motto, 
 (CSrandior Nscat, Which is the end of one of Oz/tVx 
 verfcs, 
 
 Lenis Alit Flammas, Grandior Aura Ne- 
 CAT , yin eajie vinie nouri/heth the fire , but a greater dc' 
 flrojes it, 
 
 Nuw though I commend the dexterity of him that takes his 
 
 Motto from fome famous Author, yet I cannot approve the im- 
 
 Ii pudency 
 
Co 
 
 JRuks. 
 
 pudency of feme Modernes who make ufeof the fame Motto^ 
 which another Author of a D^t///^ hath invented, bccaufe thstis 
 but to propofe alwaies one and the fame thing, though the body 
 oftheD^'z/j/^be changed, whereas in borrowing the Motto horn 
 an ancient Author, you quite change the nature of it, by appropri- 
 ating it to the body of your Devtfe. We mud not likewifeac- 
 cufehimof theft, that uiakes ufeof the fame body, which ano- 
 ther hath heretofore employed, fo that the conception bedifF;.^rent, 
 beciuftjan Animal, plant, inftrument or other thing which isre- 
 prefentedinthebody, may be divercly confidered in their qaali- 
 tiesand {undry ufts, whereof every one miy freely m.ake ufe, and 
 apply them to his intention. 
 
 It is notneceffsry thst the lenfe be altogether compleated in the 
 iJ^<7?;tf,foritoughttogiv; occafionoffome kind of ftudy to the 
 Reader. From thence it conmcth that in the Devife of the fifh, 
 wh'ch the Italians call Mafcaroloj^ht Litines NaHtllHmyZrA the 
 Greeks vcwTr^tcvi'-Hi MottOjTuTi; s F e r Sup r e m a P e r I m a^ 
 i.e. Pf'^j hth,at,top,aHd, bottoms, woulibc more concife and 
 fubiie, if the firft word TutHs were cut cfF. 
 
 C H A P X I X. 
 Frtm whence Devifes are to he drawee. 
 
 AS for the places,from whtrcf a ^-xk^Devife may k^^rivvn, 
 I am ij't B argagh* s viTpm\;v^^ wiio approvj'j ir n ^t to be taken 
 from a like, a gre-jtcr, a kiV?, a c ontrary , a like ar^d unlike together, 
 from a fable, 5iiftory,^vcnts, Hi.'rGgiv-phicks,tod ^^her places re- 
 cited by A/nmiri^to, 9s x:om ihf c^^ufe to the eff;<5l, ^rom the t&iA 
 to the cuif^jfrom the Genm lo tli-Jp^cles, & from^'Jae j^fr«V/ tothe 
 Geniu^Ci'vcQ in a word Natnr:- rrA t doali »id lab/.d'j enow from 
 whence to derive the Comp 'jifon, Similstuieor Metaphor : Now 
 thefe three figures of Rhetoiick lave but the fimeend jn fubft mce, 
 whichistodenifjuftratethc corrdpondcrce, conformiiy and re- 
 fembisncc, which is bet vireen two dsffs^rent fubj\^s, as the forme 
 o^zDez'ife confifts principally in the finding out in th^ whole 
 Univcrle a naturall quality, or the ufage of fome thing,which may 
 correfpond with and relate unto the propriety of our thoughts,and 
 conceptions of mind. But 
 
for Divifas. ^i 
 
 Butifyouaske me in particular a proper place, from whence 
 you may frame a fub/ed of or matter for Devifes,! OkU refer you 
 to good Authors, who hwe written of the nature a. d propriety 
 of Animals, Plants , Mineralls, precious liones, of fbe parrsof 
 heaven and earth, oftheLib?r*ll Sciences, Mechanicall Arts and 
 other fol :j :ds as Wr 11 naturall as artificiall. Tis veriiy t; (.- reading 
 of fach Trcstiks, which will difcover to you fome veri ui;.. or pro- 
 prieties which will cafily relate to the intention of your Devifes, 
 This field is lo ample , and the harvtrc fo great, that of oneoncly 
 fubic;c% be it naturall or artificiall , we may forme not onely one, 
 2, or 3 fancies, but alfo an infinite number o'[ Devifes, as may be 
 proved oy the quantity which are made upon ih^^ fubjed of thofe 
 gttat L'<,iiT)in-.ries,theSunand Moon,and which are many tijies 
 drawnefimply from their proper parts, fometimes from thofe 
 which have a correfpondence o:ie with another, and fometimes 
 from the vertues and influences, which thefe PI tnits doe diverfly 
 difFufeupon all inferiour bodies. The like may be pia(5liccd upon 
 the fub;eds of Arts and mechanicall inftruments. 
 
 For the choice of the -^<?r/tf<?/ drawne from ancient AathorJ, 
 we muft regard the words with great prudence, that they may 
 be sppropriated to our defignc; and that (being added to the body 
 of our Vevife) they may forme a fpirituall and delightfull compo- 
 (ition. 
 
 Butbefidcsthc rich matters, v/hich Art and Nature are able 
 everhftingly io furnilli us with, we may yet draw oth^r from ihQ 
 Apologuci and fables oi <^/ep.-, »rom fentenccs, Proverbcs and 
 Maximcs ', f ihe Sages and morall Pailofophers. Yet obferve 
 thatrnym;.a..ingisnof, ihit ue iliauld borrow from fables, the 
 fubjcCtoUhiftblc, as tiic unfeathrK-d CrowofHer^zf^- but that 
 we make ufcof'he proprieties oifthings which are met within 
 many placsof fables, )o like wife for matter of fentenccs, I think 
 it were good we on^-ly u.'cd thofe v/hi.h are enriched with Com- 
 pariious, aijdilslor tiiis advantage that Proverbes defcrve tobe 
 preferred. 
 
 I will not fpeakc httv. of rh(^ places where Devifes ought to be 
 fixed, for t.icugh H**jCeLi hatli treated amply thereof, that choice 
 depends upon ihe tu<V)Vi,c of every Country, and upon the will of 
 thofe f;rwr:oari tlicy aiemidv'. It fhallfufticeforme to obferve, 
 that they icrve gcntilely fori Stale, and (as it fcemes to mc) they 
 1 3 arc 
 
6i Rules 
 
 are much more graceful! then a mans proper Arrties, efpecially 
 whentheZ)ffwy<r is formed and grounded upon the fub/ect of Let- 
 ters mifliveorof a Scale, as that of one named Blind in the Aca- 
 demic of the htronatiy where there is a Dart or Arrp \v,wi(h this 
 Motto, Irrevocabile. Tts true nc vcrthtleffc that Bevifes 
 of Seales are yet much more handfomej v/hen they are framed 
 fromthe Armesof thofe that ufe them, for which purpcle it is 
 not neceCfary to convert the whole Coat into Devifes, but it fuffi- 
 cethtotakeaneffcntiallpartoftheBhzon, or that which may be 
 reduced into a D^i'?/^. 
 
 Devifes may alio be put upon the Reverfc of Princes Coynes, 
 and upon Stamps or Counters, as it is frequently ufed in France, 
 in which cafe they are exempted from fome of the rigour of our 
 Rules, and in refpeft of their affinity with the Medall, there is no 
 doubt but they may as well notifie an Heroick adion of a Prince, 
 as demonftrate a gallant intention to be put in execution. 
 
 They are alfo very feemly on Ladies Pidures, for as that Table 
 reprefentstheexteriourpartofthe body, or the features of the 
 face ; Even fo the Z)tf'z///^rcprefents the inclinations of thepcrfon 
 orvertuesoftheLady. And as the inflruments proper to every 
 profeflion,are the places befitting a Devife^^s the S words,Piftols, 
 and Head-peeccs for men of Warre : So (me thinks j the moft 
 proper place for a Ladies Devife^ is her Looking- ghffc : For tis no 
 kffe neccffary for a Lady to contemplate her interiours, and exa- 
 mine the motions of her foule , then to confider her vifage, and 
 preferve it immaculate ; fince by the mirrour fheonely fees the ex- 
 teriour quality of her face, whereas hyih^Devife fhc difcovers 
 the inclination of her mind, and excites her felfe more often to the 
 exercifc of vertue, or to the execution of fome noble dcfign,whcre- 
 of the Bevife renews the memory, as often as fhe beholds it. And 
 itfeemesthiscuftome may be conformable to the intention of 
 Pythagoras, who ordained that his Schol :rs (hould often behold 
 themklves in a glafle, to the end that confidering the beauty of 
 their bodies , they might be equally caafuU to imbelifh their 
 minds thereby to render them worthy of fo faire an abod j. Ladies 
 .may alfo place their Bevifes on thdr Coaches, Cabinets, Beds, 
 Hangings, Cufhnets, Carcmets, and on other parts of their or- 
 naments and apparell. 
 
 Though we have difapproved all kind of ornaments for the bo- 
 dies 
 
for Devifes, 5j 
 
 dies of D^t'/y^jjbecaufe they may encomber the figure ; and though 
 we admit oFan hand to hold fometbing with greater grace, as wc 
 havealrcady obfetved; yet r.otwithftanding I approve the infm- 
 ing for ornament round about the Bevife , between the body and 
 theedge,fomeGarlands or Coronets, fome Chapkts and Bor- 
 dures.; For example, you aiay ufe a wreathe cf Myrtle for Amo- 
 rouSjof Lawrellfor Heroick, ofCyprefle for mourning Devifes, 
 and fo for ethers j To that within the branches vjc leave a certain^ 
 fpace for a commodious inferrment of the words. 
 
 There are fome kind of Devifes, which can in no wife merit the 
 title of Ptrfe(f^;in which number maybe the caiumnious,which are 
 forged againfl the prindpall end of a legitimate Devife ; thofe that 
 by afimple Metaphor difcovet the conceit of an accident already 
 hapnedjwithout demonftrating any veriuous propofition, or noble 
 defigne to be put in exccutionjand thofe alfo whereof the concep- 
 tion is purely of a thing prefenr.We muft neverthcklTe except the 
 D^x/f/fjof ftampes or Counters, which change every ycare, cither 
 in declaring theheroick defigne, which the Prince intends that 
 prefentycaretoputin execution, or rather prefentin^ to mens 
 eyeSjthac which the fame Prince hath alrea^iy a^cheivedof more 
 glory the yeare precedent. 
 
 As for Devifes of detraflion , though they fhould be formed 
 according to the tenourofour Rules, they ought to bs utterly re- 
 jefted from the nuiiibcr of the perfcd:, fince the Author doth 
 thereby neither propofe a vertuous fubjed to imitate, nor any lau- 
 dable d; figne to execute^bifides they arc oppugnant to the Ecimo- 
 logie of the word Devife, which in Italian figniftes an enterprife, 
 andinFrcncbjadcfigre, without having rtfped to the particular 
 ttr:(nt of Devife y whereof the fignificition is of a greater extent 
 in the Trench tongue, and by confequence affords agreater liberty 
 or licence : For deriving it from this word {Devifer )whichj (ac- 
 cording to the example of Siettr du BelUj) is taken to depaint 
 thenaturall difpofition,or defer be the conditions of any one, it 
 might include the calumnious Devifes , as well as thofe which re- 
 gard the time prefent, pafl, and future. 
 
 Devifes may with equall commodity as WtU relate to the name 
 as to the Armts of the poffcflbr, fo that thofe which allude to the 
 name be not taken from fome fignification too much remote from 
 common fenfc or ordinary ufe ;a$ the names whereof the Eu'mo- 
 
 logie 
 
6^ 
 
 Rules 
 
 logie is drawne from the GrteksorHibrewcs. AndforapVet;- 
 nant example {al<e that ofa nobis Gentleman called Fort-Es- 
 cuji.e. i'^r<?»^y^^'^^'='> whocaufedaSpartane Buckler or (liield to 
 be reprefented alluding to his name with this Motto,?) tk/.h I73 T^t^ 
 an ancient an J famous faying oF a-Laecdeinonian mother to her 
 fonne, when (he delivered him a Shield going tor he warre,and 
 is as much as to fay, Some ^ either bring back, tbi^ JhieU, or be 
 thoH hr ought back^thj felfe {dead) upon if. Again;.', the great 
 Gonilable Coiomabt'w^ rectivedinto the Academic of ihtHw 
 »?oW/?MnRome,ufedfQrhisDtfz/{/£'an egg^with di ops of dew 
 upon it, drawneupbythebeamcsoftheSunne, wi:h this Italian 
 Motto, I L SupERFLuo, exprelTing thereby, that he was a fa- 
 perfluciis member of that great and fati^otjs Academic of the //«^ 
 morip't where you may obfcrre the body of this Bevife to allude 
 well by the humour or moifture of the dew to the name of the 
 Academic. 
 
 Chap. XX. 
 
 which are the be(i Bevifes, either thofe which are taken from 
 Nature ^or thofe which are drawnefrom Art. 
 
 T 
 
 'Hough I approve thole Devifes whch are taken from Art, yet 
 ^ I fet a greater value upon thofe which are drawne from Na- 
 ture, becaufe this is as it were the Miftrefle of the other : Befider, 
 Nature is fukjed to no change, continuing ftill the fame ; where- 
 as the inftruments and effeds of Art depend upon the fancy of 
 men, and have divers ufages, according to times and new inventi- 
 ons, there being fome which are not knowre but in fomecertaine 
 Countries and in particular Townes oncly. I conclude in a word 
 that all the excellence and vertue which we finde in things attifi- 
 ciall receive their origin from Nature, whereunto thenecrerArt 
 approaches, fo much the more prefcd and excellent are its opera- 
 tions. Whence it commeth that the bounty of nature is knowne 
 tobecfl'enti'allandfolid: Contrary wif:? that of Art appeares eve- 
 ry day inconllant and accidcnfalltothefub/cd. Bargagliispki- 
 fed to produce forac reafons to prove, that in matter of Bevifesy 
 things artificial! are more valuable then fubjeds natural). But 
 
 for 
 
forDevifes. 6^ 
 
 for my pirt,Ijuclge tbedecifion of this Problcmc no waiesre- 
 quifitctoaTreatifcof D^v^r^f jfinceall Authors agree, that we 
 fertc our fclves indifferently both from Art and nature, and like- 
 wife from both together cxtreamegentilely, though thofc which 
 arefcveriUy compofcdoftbe one and the other arc the choice^. 
 BargagU will have it, thatlhofe Devifes which we draw from 
 Art and Nature together are to be ranked in the number of artifici«- 
 alljbecaufc that part of nature, which is in the body oith^Devife, 
 wercnotableofitfelfeto produce the efFcd, whereof the Com- 
 parifon is made, by mcines of which wc endeavour to difcover 
 our meaning ; for fo much as things take their denomination either 
 from their end or from their forme. 
 
 Now for as much as Cyphers have fomc affinity with Devifes^ 
 I have (fordiftin(ftionfake,and to preferve the Reader from falling 
 into the inconvenience of mikda^^ Cyf her or a Rebus inflead 
 of a Devife) here trarflited what Palazz^i hath delivered upon 
 this fubj ed. 
 
 Chap. XXl. 
 Of Cyphers according to Andreas PalaK.ici, 
 
 CTphers are principally of 2 kinds, (to wit) of Aftions and of 
 ivords. 
 
 C/^W/ of anions are fuchasthatof Tarquin S/tper^Hs, who 
 made no other Anfwere to the Embaflador fent on the behalfe of 
 hisfonne, but oncly in his prefence whiptoff witha wand the 
 heads of the higheft Poppies in his Garden, giving him to 
 underltand, that the cheifefl Citizens fhould hi fo dealt 
 with. 
 
 Thofe of words : fome are fimply of words, as thofe which 
 compofe a ccrtaine /4r^o», orgibberifh underftoodby none but 
 bythemfelves ;Oihers are made of words written :ofthelefome 
 are called Cyphtrs, in refped of the matter , with which we 
 write, as with Sal-armoniacl^, juice of onions, juice of Lemons, 
 and many other fccrcts, too long to recount, wherewith Letters 
 are written, fome of wh)ch are not legible but by help of the fire, 
 others in water, others in a looking glafle : others are called Cj- 
 K phcrs 
 
66 Rules 
 
 ^hers in refpe<S of the matter upon which they are wrltten,«s Hi- 
 flicw didjWho, hsTing cjufed a Slave to be flaaved,wrote upon the 
 skin of his head, then letting the haire grow till the writing couU 
 be no longer difcerned, fent him to >^r//?4i^<?r/t/,advertifinghim 
 to (have thefaid flave De-nsvo: And that alio which the Spartans 
 made ufc of, which the Greeks call ScitaU , as Plmarqne 
 writes in the life of Lifander, And likewife the invention of 
 DamaratHSy whowrot upon 2 Tablets and then covered them 
 with wax, as Hered«tHs relates in the end of his 7. booke ; fome- 
 times we call thofe things Cyphers, which are fhro wed under the 
 obfcurity of words or mifterious fenfe, fuch are Enigma.' s^ as this 
 of Sampfon, Out of the eater came meat^ and out of the firing if- 
 fued fweetneffe. And that of yaMai We have not loft one of the 
 animals that efcaped our hands ^ and we have lofi thofe we did 
 light Hf on. Hero is K\Qthtzoifacques Torelly Tano* Vulcan 
 begot me ^ Nature brought me into the -world, the Aire andTime 
 have been m J Nurfes, Minerva enfiruHed me, mj force is great ^ 
 and proceeds from afmall fub fiance^ three things furnifh me with 
 body and nourifiment. My Children are deftruiiion^ ire, ruine, 
 andnoife. By this fignifying the Artillery. 
 
 Finally, there are others alfo called Cyphers, in teCpQ6^ of the 
 matter whereof they are written, of which one kind are with fi- 
 gures and the other without. Cyphers without figures are thofe 
 which inthefe dales Minifters ef State, Princes and Kings doe 
 make afe of for writing their fecretsand ncgociations, according 
 to their occafions, but principally in time of war ; And there are 
 Cyphers made by new and unknowoe Chara(fler$,fuch as Cicero 
 ofed, every Charadcr whereof fignified an entire word , as P, 
 Critm and Valerius Probus doe teftify, like thofe ufed by the Ju- 
 rifconfultsjwhen in Aead of digefts theymakc ufe of a double flf.the 
 letter L, for Law, this mark ff. for Paragraph, and fo of others. 
 
 Chap. 
 
fw Dlvifis] ^j 
 
 Chap. XXII. 
 Of Sentences and Rebits* 
 
 ASentenceisiplaioe Conception or faying of fome particu- 
 lar thing or perfon, toexprefl'e his paflion, the ftate wherein 
 he is, hisclefire,or feme certaine propofition, as the Spartan Buck- 
 ler with thefe words, Aut Cum Hoc, Aut In Hoc,i.e. i 
 wiU live with it^ or die on it» 
 
 Thofe Devifes which are deprived of Comparifons are no 
 other but Sentences or figurate Conceptions, As this of Penncs, 
 His Ad ^t h e r a, i. e. Ifhdll by tbtm aajuire an immortAli 
 renowne^ or by them 1 Jhall raife my felfe even to the heavens. 
 
 Behold here the difference between figured Sentences and figu- 
 red Ciphers. The Author makes no other ufe of the figures which 
 he propofes , but to exprefTe one or more names : And the figured 
 fentences and conceptions Icrvc to demonftrate the intention of 
 the Author, by the fignification of things inferted in the figure, 
 and by the words of the Motto, which explaine them, as in the 
 before mentioned examples. Cyphers are but the works of in- 
 feriour wits, unieflfc fome able man doe fomctimcs make of them 
 for his plcafure. Some have been defirous to prefcribe Rules for 
 thcm,f lying, that befides the figure,they (hould have fome words, 
 which were tobcadiftinft thingfrom the figure, and that from 
 them, joyned to the quality of the thing, we fhould draw the con- 
 ception, as inthefe examples. Firft of afalfe Diamant with thefe 
 words, Pour. Quoy M'as Tu Dblaisse ? the meaning 
 thereof being, Dy-Am ANT Faux, Pour Quoy M'as Tu 
 Delaisse? Falfe lover , Tthj hafi thonforfaken mef 2. A Lady 
 called Santa rejcding her fervant,he in a paflion expreffes himfelf 
 with this figure ^d. and thefe Italian words. Per Chb Mi 
 Fai Mori re, which words added to the figure ^6. i.e.Ss 
 Santa S e i , conclude, S b Santa Sii, Per Chi Mi 
 Fai Morirh? that is,ifthoH bee ft bolj(%% thy name imports, 
 and the figure 66) why doft th^n kill me < Thirdly, Mary Queen of 
 Scotland,GrandmothertoHisMajefty that nowifjWasprefented 
 by/M«f^ the fecond of France, (then Sujtor, but afterwards her 
 Ka ~ 'husband) 
 
68 Sfitits 
 
 husband) with a rich Tablet of gold, in which was her pidture cx- 
 quiritely.drtwne,and which (being befides enriched with many 
 prctious ftones) had on the one fide a faire ^^^-^f ^7?, and under it 
 as f aire an^^'^ni''^^^ with this Motto, Amat-i ST A Ad am a n- 
 T E M, i.e. She loves her dearely-beloved, alluding alfo to the names 
 of the ftones. For my part I hold thefe to be thefaqnc things, or 
 but little differing from the Rebtu of Picardy. 
 
 Chap. XXIII. 
 
 The Motto and 
 
 creaft of a Coat OfCitniers of Amies, 
 
 of Aimes being 
 
 g^thel without /^Iwiers derive their name from nothing elfe, bat from t1ie 
 reUtion to each V^oame of the place they are fet, that is to fay, upon the Cimier 
 other ^ make q^ fummet of the Tjmbre ©r Helmet. 
 
 that which we fhere are fome without words, and ethers accompanied with 
 Frlnch) call a words. We may fee plenty of examples upon the Armes of the 
 Cimier: B«£ if frenchLords, Italians, Englifti and other Nations, butparticu- 
 the MottoreUte larly the Germans, whereof few are without them, wherein they 
 to the creafl or ^^^^ ufeofall forts of Animals, and plants, as alfo of humane 
 of both ZffTa figures, as of wild men. Syrens and others. Moft draw them 
 comparlfon, from fome part of their Arraes, which they enrich with a Motto, 
 thtn tis proper- 2>^z;»/<r-like, according to their Fancies. 
 ly a Devife. -* ' 
 
 Apr. 26. 1645. 
 
 Imprimatur , 
 N a:Bre N T. 
 
 FINIS. 
 
69 
 
 To the Reader. 
 
 \Aving in the frccedent Trcatife exhibited 
 ttntojou^ the model and rules obfervahle in 
 the making Devises, and jhervn^ that 
 (for thefuhtilty of their invention^ they are 
 fub\eBs for the bejl of wits^ and are^ for 
 their ufe^the Infignia of Generals and Com- 
 manders in the time of war^ and of Princes^ Nobility and 
 Gentry in the times of Peace y I have in the enftting Cata- 
 logue collected ftich and fo many Coronet-Devises 
 both on the Km^fide and the Parliaments in the late tvar^ 
 as I could with greateft diligence meet with • wherein, by the 
 jvay I may obferve^ that the Commanders on His (JHaj&- 
 flies part (having no fuch Metropolis as London to re- 
 fort unto) were forced to make the befl jhift they could for 
 their Coronet-Devices infeverall Country Towns y no re- 
 cord being kept of many of them ; So that ofthofe (which 
 I have caufe to believe were the happeftfor invention) I 
 could not collet fo many^ as I deftred. 
 
 On the Parliaments /'^r^, by the help of the Heralds, and 
 Herald- painters, in and about London^ / have had my 
 choice of neer ^oo fever all Coron et-Devises, fome of 
 fphich^ that were irregular^ and had no life nor conceipt at 
 dlly I have purpofely omitted ; others not much better^ yet 
 becaufe born by perfons of note , I have not without fomt 
 pain and regret admitted j 'tis true, I find fome on both fides 
 L that 
 
yo To the Reader. 
 
 t^dt did only hear the Creft and Motto of their Armes, 
 vphich I have Ukewife for the mofi part omitted^ being ra- 
 ther CiMiERs then Devises ; ethers, andthofenota 
 few y have born Mottoes without figures i and Colonels 
 oft-times did hear plain Colours for their own Troupe with- 
 cut Motto or figure, though the refl ofthiir Regiments had 
 Jeverall diflinBive Dcvifes, according to each particular 
 Captains fancy. Some on His Majeftics part I met with ^ 
 that had been recorded by a private hand^ but the names vf 
 the particular bearers of them obliterated , Take them 
 (Reader) as they are, and know that as I have neither ad' 
 dedj nor diminijhed^ from the one, or the other ^ hut ten- 
 dredihem naked, as I found them -^fo have I done this much 
 out of a defire to advance this ingenious Art to a greater 
 perfeBion, without thought of admini firing theleaji of' 
 fence '^ And flail conclude with this Prayer, 
 That wee may have no further need by 
 imeftine quarrels to emhelifk Mars 
 his ihield with fuch Imprefcs. 
 
rt 
 
 CATOLOGVE 
 
 O F 
 
 CCB^O^hCEr^DEVl S ES 
 
 On His Majesties part 
 in the late IVarre. 
 
 He Coronet'Devife of His LMajefiief own Troof 
 or Life-guard of Horfe WSiSSiLjtn Pajfant^^'roWi- 
 ned Or, with DiEU Ex MoN Droit for 
 ^ Motto. 
 
 The Marqueffe of Wmhe^er bore, and not 
 
 improperly, only the Motto of his own Armcs, 
 
 whichwasAiME 2 Loyaulte'. 
 
 The Marquejfe ofMontrofe in Scotland bore for figure a Lan^ 
 
 rd of gold, in a feld Argent^zn^. for Motto, M a g n i s, Aut Ex- 
 
 cidamAusis. Intimating that he would either atchieve-fomc 
 
 great defigne, or fall in the Attempt. 
 
 T\iQ Sarle oi Carnmrvan was thus mordacious in his Devife, 
 wherein he had a i>yc?»depainted, and 6 ^o^/baytingorbayi'-ig 
 at him, one of the 6 was bigger then the other 5, from whofe 
 mouth iflued a little fcroul, wherein was written Kimbolton, 
 and from the mouths of the other 5, in a like fcrouhvas written, 
 Pym,Pym,&c. The i/j<w feemcd to utter this ^0^/0, Quousq; 
 Tandem Abuteri s Patientia Nostra*" By the 
 LjonvfdiS intended the Kiagy the rcll needs no interpretation. 
 
 L2 The 
 
*ji Cor N E T-D E V I s E f 
 
 The Lord Qapels Device favour'd more of affection to his King 
 and Monarchical! government, then of ary rare conccipr, bea- 
 ring for figure a Scepter with a Cro^^n Or in afield Aznre, and for 
 
 yl/(?.7tf Pe R F E C T 1 S S I M A GUB E R N A T I 0. 
 
 The Lord MMIwuk figured a Sun obfcurcd by a Cre^ant, the 
 Word from the Su-n war, Qui d Si Refulsero.? from the 
 CreJfaKt (which darted its horns (as they call thofe of a new 
 Moon) toobfcuretheSun) V^ CoRNiBUS Meis. Bythe^»« 
 fnrcly was meant the Kingj and by the corniferous Crejfnyjt the 
 £arle of Effex. 
 
 The Lord Lmas bore a Crown onely for figure, with Dei 
 GRATiAj-n^cribed. 
 
 It fhould fecm the Earle ofCamrvan did ftomack the 5 Mem- 
 bers ; For he had a fecond Devife, wherein was rcprefentcd 
 5 Hands reaching at a Cron>n ; and an armed hand with a fword 
 ifliiing out of a Cloud defending it, wkh this Aioito, Re d d i t e 
 Casari. 
 
 Sir ye/?;? ^fr^/^j depainted in his Devife a Par ergon or Land' 
 skip of a pleafant Country enrich'd with fair Houfcs , Corn- 
 fields, &c. And the Motto interrogatorily Barbarus Has 
 S e G E T e s ? accouating(a8 it fhould feem)the Parliament Forces 
 no better then Barbarians. 
 
 ColHatton reprefcnted the pi(5lure of Fortune with a Crown in 
 her right hand, and 5 ha/ters in the Ieft,and 5 men (its like inten- 
 ded for the 5 Members ) addre0ing themfclves unto her upon 
 their knees, but Oie gives them the left hand, with tliis Motto, 
 CuiquAM Meritum. 
 
 L.Col. Carrill Mollineux figured a Raindeers head (the Raindeer 
 being the EarlofEJfex his Crefi) fupported by 5/hands (alluding 
 to the 5 Members ) and for yJ/o/rp, Ar» Quid Exaltatis 
 
 CORNU? 
 
 Another figured the^^r/Z^w^f-^f Houfe with two dead mens heads 
 upon it ( you may gueffe what was meant ) and the Motte, Ut 
 Ext xA, Sic Intus. 
 
 We may conclude, that L. Col. Henrjy (^onftable had Confian- 
 tine the Great in his thoughts i for his Devife was thus. In Ho c 
 
 SlGNO + ViNCES. 
 
 Another feem'd to point at the Citizens of X^«^«, yet had no 
 
 figure 
 
' OnUls (JHa^eftiespart, 7j 
 
 figure in his Corsnet more then a Scrotd "^feath in fcverall folds, 
 with this Motto^ Qui s Furor O Ci v e s ? 
 
 Sir Marpsdduks Kojdon fli^wed his diflike of the fovem/it, ha- 
 ving figured an£rwjw, with Mallem Mori Quam Foe- 
 jo ari, for J-Zo^^. 
 
 Another fcem'd to exprerte much magnanimity, that had a 
 Tingle Souldier pourtraid:ed with Sword in hand, daring a whole 
 body of enemies, with this Mouo^ Quantumvi s Le gio, 
 
 NOMEN. 
 
 Sir WillUm Compton (Brothet to thtEzrk of Northampton) 
 feem'd to contemn the fordid vulgarity, when without figure his 
 1)evi;e was only embelilhed with this Motto, Od i Pro f a num 
 VuLGUS Et Arced. 
 
 Another depaintcd one ( whom we may believe was intended 
 for a Cavalier) vanquifhing and difarnaing a Roundheadj with En 
 
 Quo Dl SCOi: DIA CiVES ! 
 
 Sir Edward widdrington in faying little implied much in his Co- 
 lours, only thus, Deo Et CiESARI. 
 
 Another reprefents a Rout of rafcally people in a furious po- 
 fture againit Church and State, with this MottOy Qua re Fr e- 
 
 HUERE GenTE S ? 
 
 Sir '}ohn Cafisfie/ds devife favoured of piety ; for he ufed with- 
 out any figure this Motto out of the 121 Pfa/m, Fiat Pax In 
 YirtutbTua. 
 
 Another reprefented a Romd-head on horfe-back, with fhort 
 hair, riding or running away without a hat ( for that is fuppofed 
 to be loft in the fcuflBe)and crying garter, ^ptarter ; purfaed by 
 a Cavalier with a drawn fword, ready to fmite him.and the A/of- 
 /« forfooth, Qui StquiTUR Vincit. 
 
 Col.T/:».-Z)^//o» figured a C/W whence ftreamed forth a Cflorj^ 
 and with it an armed hand and Sword, with this yl/or/^o, Exor- 
 tumEst InTenebkis LumenRegti s Corde. 
 
 Another reprefented a OMjtre pierced by a fword, with a 
 
 CroTvn Imperial! upon the point of it, and the hand of an enemy 
 
 difcharginga PiftoU at both, with thisy^/o/ro,TANTiiM Re li- 
 
 G 10 Pot E RAT Suade re Malorum. 
 
 L,ColRalph Tfid/ejXoon after the Ouecm landing in the 2(orth, 
 
 L 3 uf::d 
 
74 
 
 Coronet-Devises 
 
 ufed this only MottOj without figure, Dux F a c t i Mu l i e r .' 
 Another fccmd to fear fome ill to His Majcfty, who figured a 
 
 Ljo^t Dorma/jt with, N^ii MAJBsr ATE Securus, 
 Another faid only thus, CuckoldsWe €ome. 
 Sir ^hat'les ^ompton ( another of the Earle of Northamptons 
 
 Brothcrs)had this Motto only infcribed on his Cofvnet^ Coxn t r a 
 
 AUDENTIOR ITO. 
 
 Another figured a Crown Impgria// upon a La/iceyZnd the Lance 
 placed on a Mount, the Crown almoft fubverted or thrown off 
 by the horn of the fupporter oi Scotland ; but held up by thtpaw of 
 the Englipj Ljortj with this Mott ^, Rara EstConcordia 
 Fratrum. 
 
 Another, I blufh to tell you, bore for bis Devife, a naked 
 man with fword in hand, and fomething elfe in readineffe, the 
 Mottoy In UTRUMquE Paratus : intimating too grofly, that 
 he was ready to fight at either weapon. 
 
 Another feemd to believe i^o«;^rc^; and Epifcop^j to be in-. 
 confident each without the other ; for having figured an Imperial 
 frown and a Mjtre, the Motto was, S i Co l l i d i mur, Fran- 
 
 GIMUR. 
 
 Major jVorm/ey depainted Religion fitting in an Angelicall po- 
 fture on the ftump of a tree, and a broken Crt^fe fait by, with this 
 Motto.MBi.jo'RA Spero. 
 
 Another reprefented a fwarm of Bees in battle array, with 
 their King in the middle wrard ( for the naturalifts fay that Bees 
 have Kings)and the Motto waSjPao Re ge ExACiiUNT,giving 
 to underftand, that as the Bees did exacuate their ftingsj fo 
 would he and his Troup whet their fwords, for their King. 
 
 Capt. Feter Pudfey depainted a ha^ and fword fmiting off a 
 Hydras head(by which he metaphor d the Se^aries of thefc times) 
 and the J^«»«o was, Trade NTUR InMamus Gladii. 
 
 Another reprefented a hayid ifiuing out of a Cloud holding a 
 green Chaplet or Laurel, with an Imperial Crown over it, and lot 
 ^o/fo, DonaDei UTRAquE Regi. ^ 
 
 Another figured an armed hand holding a hearr,' Sml the ward 
 Pro Rege. 
 
 He fcem'd to abhor the name and property of ^sl- Btrundheady 
 who figured a Die, with this MottOy Ut cuNquE Qua d r a tus. 
 
 Col. 
 
On His Uifajefiiesfart. j^ 
 
 Col. Morgan of iVefion had S. Mtchaei killing the Dragon, for 
 ^figure, and the Mom, Quis Ut Deus/ 
 
 A young ftripling of 1 5 years of age caufed his Devife to fpcak 
 him man ; for he figared a green branch of Oake, with Sua cu- 
 ius Factus Arbor. 
 
 Another depaintcd a Z;c» broken loofe, with Liber Leo 
 Revinciri NESciT,fortheyI/e//o. 
 
 When His Majefly was on His march towixd Leiceffer, a 
 Commander in His Army bore this for Devifey a Spindle or 
 whirle winding up a Botteme ofthrgad,mth this Motto, A c q u I - 
 r 1 T EuN D : which had not been fo proper after the Battle of 
 
 Sir fokn Digbj by his Dsvife feem'd to wifli all his fellow S«b- 
 jeds to repair to His Mt^efiy ; for he figured a Circumference 
 with feverall lines all drawn to the Center^ and the (Jl'Utt^g 
 Illuc Omnes. 
 
 ^ :, Another ( after f©me lofle to His Majefties part) feem'd ftill 
 conftant to that Caufe, who reprefcnted a Dje with a hand ca- 
 ftingit, andthe-Motto, Semper Jactatus, Semper E- 
 
 RECTUS. 
 
 Another thus aflerted Liberty, who figured a Sword with this 
 Verfe infcribed for Motto, 
 
 Alterius NonSit,Qui SuusEsse Potest. 
 
 Another had this ufuall Mvtto only in his Colours, Vive Lb 
 Roy. 
 
 That Commander on His Majefties part feem'd to have fome 
 hopes left, who after Nasjeby Battle, figured for his Devife a tuft 
 oi'BulruJhes growing in a river, and daflied by its waves, with 
 this Mottc, AbluimurNon Obruimur. 
 
 Capt. Hatton figured a CUfe-Committee fitting about a Table, 
 and the Motto in Englifh out of the 57 Pfalm, Until Thi s 
 Tyranny Be Overpast. 
 
 Another it feems unskill'd in the Rules o£ a. Devife, figured a 
 citation of the 1 3 Chapter to the Romans ; and thought it enough 
 both for figure and Motto. 
 
 Another rep refented a 5^^/^ on the one fide of his Coronet, 
 and on the other a hand and fword with a Cro^n over both, and 
 tiie Motto, Sj>iroHis;HisExpira bo. 
 
 Another 
 
y^ C O R O J>^ E T-D B V I S S S 
 
 Another, after the lofle of moft of his Troup, to (hew his con- 
 ftancy, fram'cl a P;r4»3i<i/, weather-beaten with winds and ftorm?, 
 and the -^tf?/o, Et Manet Immota. 
 
 Another reprefented a hand with a fword^and this Motto,Am 
 
 INVENIAM AUT FaC I AM. 
 
 Another bore this c>i/"or?o without figure. Pro Reg e Et 
 NoTis Le GIBUS ANGLiiE; and twas with (wr/k) becaufe 
 both fides profefled to fight for the Laws of the Kingdome. 
 
 He denoted Conftancy, who figured a Diamond, withNEC 
 Eerro,Nec iGNEjfor the^ofro. 
 
 Another faid thus onely without figure, Pour Lb Cause 
 Courage. 
 
 But I cannot omit that Commander wlio in ftead of a Coronet- 
 Vevife would (according to the dictate of his own fancy) make 
 Hfe of this Cdprkhidf which is a kind oiRehm : 
 
 where the ^owtrl {E) in the Centre, bein^ fcverally made ufe of 
 with the Coytfo.mKTs in the Circumference, it makes this fentence, 
 DecetReghmRegere Plebem. 
 
 A 
 
A CATOLOGVE 
 
 CO%O^ET^V EVI S E S 
 
 On the Parliaments fart in the late Way. 
 
 THe Earl o? Ejfex Captain-General I of the ratlUmenu 
 forces bore in his (^oronet the Motto of his own Armes^ 
 without any figure, which was Virtutis Comes 
 In V I D I A, and the field or ground Tamy. 
 
 The Earl of Mmchefter bore this only Motto, without figure. 
 Truth And Peace. 
 
 The Earl o^ Stumford\\2i^ no figure in hi? Coronet, which was 
 infcribed thus, For Re ligion,KinGjAnd Country, and 
 under that Ai ME z Pui s SAN CE. 
 
 The Lord Brooke figured a green Chapkt or Crown of Laurell 
 with this Tentameter Qv^oim'iQxWizdi, Qui NoN Est Hodie, 
 Cras Minus Aptus Erit. 
 
 The LordP/«j>/*u' figured aywW renting a ?ri/?/f Crowyj, with 
 a Cro'^-'n Imperiall on the point of it, and this Motto in Spmijh, 
 VivaElRey : YMuera El Mal Govi erno; wifhing 
 (as it fhould feem)no hurt to the King^ut to his evil Government. 
 
 The Lord Tjrey o'LGrobj reprefented the Parliament houfe guar- 
 ded with many Jrvords in hand, aud the Motto, Pe r Be l lum 
 A© Pacem. 
 
 The Lord fVilloughby of Parham feem'd not to ayme at the 
 King but his evil Counfellours, when for his Devife he dcpainted 
 the Sm enveloped with Clouds, and the Motto, Non So l e m, 
 Sed Nubhos. 
 
 The Lord Hafiings(now Earl of Huntington) fibred sl flame of 
 fire, with Qua siIgnis Cqnf l ator i s for Motto. 
 
 Sir Tho: Fairfax (fucceeding Capt. General of the Parliament 
 forces}and Gtn:Crom\\'el, both bear plain Colours for their own 
 Tioupsj without any 'Vevife. ' ' ' ' 
 
 SirJVill: Belfore Maj. Gen: reprefented the King on horf-back 
 with the Cruwfronhis headjZnd his Scepter in his hand, and many 
 armed wf«( which its like he intended for thofc of his own 
 Troup ) kneeling and laying down their Armes at His Majefties 
 Horfe feet, jnd the Motto, Pa c e m Te Po s c i mu s Om n e s . 
 M Major 
 
 77 
 
yS C O R O N E T-D E V I s E 5 
 
 Ma;. Gencrall Sklppo^t figured a hand and fword with a Me, 
 and this religious U^fone, Or a Et Pugna, Juvat Et Juva- 
 bitJehova. 
 
 Col. Tho:Shtffeild (fecond Son to the Earl oi Alftlgrave) bore 
 this c;^/wfo only without figure, NecTimidus,Nec Tum i- 
 
 DUS. 
 
 Col. i^^W/(fecond Son to the Lord Say) figured the Goddeflc 
 Tallow with a Lance or Spear in one hand^ and a hok or roll of 
 papers in the other, and the Metto^ Ut r Aq ue Pa l l a d e. 
 
 lA2iyGcn.Brown figured iovh\sDevife,zBeathsheadzndi Si-frown 
 of Laurel withy One OrTHESEfor Motto, 
 
 Sir ml/: 'Brereton had this only ^o^e, without figure, Deus 
 Nobis CUM. 
 
 Sir frill: Waller figured a tree full of fruit and a Coat of Armes 
 hanging on it, tht Motto Fructus Virtutis. 
 
 Sir Arthur Haflerig depainted an Anchor fixed in the Clouds, 
 and the Motto in Englifh, Om l y In He av e n. 
 
 Sir Sam: Luke figured a Bil'le and a Map ofLondov, with this 
 Motto, Lex Suprema,Salus Patri^. 
 
 Sir F aithf till Fort efcHy ( before his receffe ) rcprefented an Efcu 
 orjhieldy fuperfcribed La Fort, alluding to his name. 
 
 Sir John Svelin madeufe of this old Motto without any figure, 
 ProRege Et Grege. 
 
 Sir Edw. Hungerford bore only the Motto of his own tArmiSy 
 viz, E T D I E u Me M A P P u Y , i.e. God if my [up fort. 
 
 Col. Sam:She^eild (another of the Earl oi Mulgrave Sons) fi- 
 gured an armed Horfe-raan attempting to clinve upafteep rock, 
 and an Eye i n a cloud, with this Motto^ DeoDuc^,NilDe- 
 
 SPERANDUM. 
 
 Col. Sir Will: Con^able figured an Anchor fixed in the clouds, 
 with this Motto^ So Y E 2 F E R M B , i. e. be ye confimt. 
 
 Sir Sdro: Vetto^, Governour oirVurmck^C^file, reprefented a 
 Map of that Caftle, with Colours flying on the top of it, and the 
 MottOjSi Deus NoBiscuMsQuis Contra Nos.? 
 
 Col. Pfirefoy gave his own Crefl, with this Motto, alluding to 
 hisname,PuRE FoYjMaIoye. 
 
 Sir The: Middleton bore no figiQ:e,.only this Motto, In Ve r i- 
 tateTriumbho. 
 
 Col. 
 
on the Parliaments part. ^ 7P 
 
 Col. Co^k. of Ghftcefierjhire was thus conceited, he figured an 
 armed man cutting off the corners of an Univerfity Cap with his 
 fword, and the A4otto, Muto Qua drat a Rotund is, as 
 much to fay, he would convert the Square-heads or- Cavaliers in- 
 to Round ones. 
 
 Col. Vrrej (afterward Sir Jo: Vrrey) a Scot, whilft he was on 
 the Parliament fide, made bold with the Thifile oi Scotland ioi h- 
 gureandthc^o«o, NemoMe Impune Lace s sit. 
 
 Sir Rich: Grenvile ( before his recelTe ) reprefented a Map of 
 Englandy fuperfcribed, EnglandBleeding. 
 
 Col. Jones of Shropjhir eukd this ^cwo, without figure, Ne c 
 Vi.Nec Ventu. 
 
 Col. Mallevory reprefented a Hand holding a Sword and a 
 Cronvn Imperiall on the top of it, and another Sword ( held by 
 2 hands ) thruft through 2 Book/y the firft fuperfcribed Verhum 
 Deiy the other Lex populi. And this Motto over all, Re x In Po- 
 
 TE STATE SuiPUGNANS. 
 
 Sir Chrifiopher Wray figured a Hand with a drawn Sword, and 
 the^tf«oinEnglifh,THAT WarIs Iust, Which Is Ne- 
 cessary. 
 
 Co\,Allen made afe of this Motto^ without figure, Ma l l e m 
 Mori, Quam Mancipari. 
 
 Col, Lamberts devife of Torkshire, may feem to fpeak no ill to 
 Monarchy, where was figured a regail Crown fet on the top of a 
 Pillary2Lnd a hand out of of a cloudhoidln^ it on, with this Motto, 
 Ut ServatIncolumem. 
 
 Col. Sidnej bore this only Motto, without figure, Sa n c tu s 
 Amor PATRiiC DatAnimum. 
 
 SkTho: Pearfe Knight and Baronet of Scot land ^pyt this only 
 J/orro without any figure, Fin I s Coronat Opus. 
 
 Col. Rainjhorow figured a Bilple, infcribed Ve r bum De i,with 
 a Hand and a flaming Sword over it, and the Motto, Vi n c it 
 Veritas. 
 
 Sir /faac Sedley of Kent bore this only Mot to j without figure, 
 Fugienti Nulla Corona. 
 
 Col. Boding of LancajJjire, when (a^ it fhould feeni) he was in 
 fome diftrcfle, figured a Ship at Sea all on fire, and an Jngel zp- 
 pearing out ofadoudjWith this yJ</o/^o,lN Extremis Appa- 
 hetDeus. M2 Sir 
 
8o Coronet-Devises 
 
 Sir W'M: Sanders figured a Hand and Sword, with Pko De o 
 Et Patria. 
 
 Sir Edw:Hartop o^ Lekefier-fhire reprefentcd in his Coro-^et the 
 waves of the Sea dafymg againft a great Rock^, and the Motto, Ir- 
 RiTus Ingenti ScopuloFlugtlis Assultat. 
 
 Co\. Rldaeiej to fhew his diflike of Papacy, figured a Hand and 
 Sword from heaven, penetrating a triple Crowyj, and the C^lotto, 
 ExurgatDeus Dissi pentur Inimici* 
 
 Major n^hltbj figured a Heart circumfcribedj Pr o D e o Pu c - 
 mamuSjPro Re ge Oramus, Pro Patria Moriamur. 
 
 Mj jor Weldon figured a Pillar half br0ken,and the Mattr^ tat 
 Adhuc. 
 
 Major Benjamin Cayne of 2^5^ England, depainted a Faulcon 
 feizing on a Hemeyyct the Heme with his beak draws bloud from 
 the Fatilcons gorge and the Motto, NonNisiCompul sus. 
 
 Major Temple figured a i?i^/f, with this Motto, Veritas 
 Est Magna Et Pre vale bit. 
 
 The fame Major Benjamin (^ayne had another Coronet-devife, 
 wlerein he figured a (^hirchy on the top whereof was a Hand hol- 
 ding an Anchor, which was fixed in the Clouds, and the Motto^ 
 Pr ^ Mil SjNec Prolix SjSed Pr^c ibus. 
 
 Maj. Thorp reprefented an armed Horfe-man or Cavalier, rea- 
 dy to charge a whole body of enemies, and the Motto, Fe ro, 
 DuM Ferio. 
 
 VayLudlow figured a ^/^/f,infcribed VERBVM D£l, under- 
 neath which, lay a triple (proven with a Pafiorallfiajf and a pair of* 
 beads, with this OlfottOj VeritatiSuccumbo. 
 
 Maj. Gftntier depainted an armed hand holding 3. fword, and the 
 Motto, Ca V E , An SUM. 
 
 Maj. Cdrew figured 2 Hands drawing a bow, (liooting a winged 
 heart, with this infcription, Charls,ThusPeaceFliesTo 
 Tkeb. 
 
 yhyBuet a French-man(whilfl: he was on the Parliaments Cide) 
 figured an armed man cutting a Gordion knot with his fvvord, and 
 
 the^/o.^f(J, SciNDATU'RjQllOD SOLVI NEqUEAT. 
 
 Capt. Hen:Ireton (afterwards Coi.) had in his Devife this only 
 Motte without figure, 
 
 p \DiviNis, Qiii Admittit, Servat» 
 
 ^^^^HUMANIS,VlM,Vl. 
 
Onthe Farliamentspart. 8i 
 
 Capt. Wefl a Chandler in Cambridge, rcprefcnted a Deaths 
 he^f.d, and a Qrown of Lam-ell, with this Motto^ Mo rs Ve l Vi- 
 ctoria. 
 
 Cape. Bdfore ( Ton to Sir Will: Belfore ) figured a Dy:ill, with 
 the iJw/; yZ'iwV;^ on it, and the Motto, A spice UtAspi- 
 
 CIAR. 
 
 Oi^t. Morlejf of Sfijfex, bore this Afotto in Spamjh, without 
 figure, Sper AtJZA Mi Da La Vita. 
 
 Capr. fohn Humond had likewife no figure, but this Motto in 
 French, DansLa Guerre Je Cherche La Patx. 
 
 C^pi. Tinell of ^uckiyighampnre figured an armed horf-man, x\- 
 ding full rpeed into a great /^w!f of ^^^ (I hope he meant not 
 hell fire) an ■ the J/o?ro, Sans Crai nd re, ?>. without fear. 
 
 Capt. Pj/e bore this Motto^vS. no figure. So la SalusSalu- 
 T IS In Domino. 
 
 C^pt. Mafonfigmed unarmed hafidhvt3ik'mgz/\\'ord againft a 
 pillar of marble, with this Oi^fotto^ ConantiaFrangere « 
 Franco. 
 
 Capt. Sidenham GovcrnotM" 0^ Poole, hot t this Motto, without 
 figure, Aus p I c e Chris to. 
 
 Capt. Ridgley figured a Ship at Sea, wheron was infcribed Re^ 
 l}gio, Rejpfdlica ; and above it, Precibus,Viribus. 
 
 Capt. Flemming of E^ex figured an armed man difcharging: 
 a ^ifloly with this MQtto,VKo Deo, Rege Et Re pub- 
 lic a.. 
 
 C2i^t.lVa0orne figured an armed man with a Bible in one hand 
 and 3ifn-ord in the other, and in ftead of Motto^ this rime, 
 My ath and Syvord, 
 Maintain thy Word. 
 
 Captaine Barnard figured a Pellican feeding her young ones 
 with her bloudj& the Motto^V at k ia Po s c e nt.e Pa r a tum.. 
 
 Capt. Harley ( fon to Sir Robert Harley) figured a Srrord^ with 
 this yJ/of^o, Pro F; deSemelTradita. 
 
 C^[>z. A^eddop figured a^^^^^out of a t/ow^, holding a green 
 Chaplet or crown of laurel, and the Motto, Vi c tor i a A Ma- 
 
 NUDOMINI. 
 
 Capt. T/rrf// bore this >1/o^/o, witheut any figure, Groine: 
 Que Voul dr a, i.e. let him repine that will. 
 
 M 3 Capt. 
 
gj C O R O N E T-D B V I S E S 
 
 Capt. Motile oi 2(orthampto;ifiire, figured a Hand expanded, 
 wichGAUDET PatientiaDuris. 
 
 Cape. Hookey figured a writing or Charter with a Seale at it, 
 inftribed aJlIagm {'hart a, and the Motf&y PreservaLegem 
 
 DOMINE. 
 
 Cape. Skinner of Kent figured a hand holding a Coranet, infcri- 
 bcd, AuT HuNC AuT SuperHunc. 
 
 Capt. Moiilfon bore this Motto without figurc'PRO Patria 
 Lacerata Pugno. 
 
 Capt. Ro^er figured a Srvord all bcfmear'd with bloud, and the 
 y^o/^o,RuBRA Sanguine Ut Sanguinbm Sistat. 
 
 Capt. Butler bore this Motto without figure, De c orum Est 
 ProPatria Mori. 
 
 Capt. Dobbins figured a hand and fword, with Dum Sp i ro 
 Spero. 
 
 Capt.C?r^w7/reprcfentcdanHorf-man, with this Mttto, U- 
 NiiM Re STAT Bene Mori. 
 
 Capt. Penny-Father reprefcnted a hand out of a Clond, hol- 
 ding a fword, and the Motto, InHacSpeVivo. 
 
 Cape. Booth ofChesJhlre figured an armed Horf-man, with his 
 fword drawn,and the Motto, Non Sine Caus a. 
 
 Capt. Geo.ivithers the Poet figured z fword and a/f», with Pro 
 RegeEtGrege. 
 
 Q^^t.Norton o£ Ha/r^p/hire figured a/wor^ and a wreath oi Utu 
 reil, With i\(is Motto, Omnis Victoria A Domino. 
 
 Capt. Long had thi? Motto in his Coronet, without any figure. 
 Be llAjBeatorum Be LLA. 
 
 Capt. Berry bore this Motto without figure. Pro Re c e Et 
 Le ge Parati. 
 
 Capt. Lidcoat made ufe of this Motto without figure, E r i p i - 
 endoMalos ARege,Stabilitur Iusti CIA Solium. 
 
 Cant.Thomfon had this Motto witkout figure, Veritas E- 
 
 RIT ViCTRIX. 
 
 Capt. T'/jo: H^wWdcpaintcda Bird with this Motto in his 
 beak in a fcroul wreath; Ne sc it Virtus Stare Loco. 
 Capt. Wood oi Kent bore this Alotto without figure, In g e n s 
 
 LUM NeCE S S ITAS. 
 
 Capt. Cox of Hertfordjhire figured i Angels holding this Mot- 
 
On the Parlidmemsfart. 
 
 to between them, Pro Fide, Vide. 
 
 Capt. Copley the elder figured a Hand and Sword, with this 
 jl4'tf«o, For Re FORMATION. 
 
 Capt. Gold reprefented His Majefly fitting in a Chair of State, 
 with his Crown and Scepter, and an armed man with a S^-ord in 
 one hand, and a paper or Petition in the other, with this Motto, 
 Ut RexNoster,SitNoster Rex. 
 
 Capt. St. George figured Saint George killing the Dragon, with 
 lh\s Motto^ SoYEZ, MonDieu, Ma Garde EtMgnAp- 
 
 PUY. 
 
 C^^t. KelU'^ay figured ^griffin2ini.z. Spread Eagle grapling 
 together, with Vi rtut e m Viol e nt e r Re t i ni, for y^/»^ 
 
 Capt. Reeve depainted a Chwch and a man ftanding by it, with 
 a fword in one hand, and a Trowel in the other ; over the Church 
 was written, Tam Glad ioQuam Trull a, underit San- 
 guis Camentum Facit. 
 
 Capt. C^rr bore this Motto^ without any figure, Pou r L a V e - 
 rite'. 
 
 Capt. Aylwarth figured an Uofi of men vanquilhing their ene- 
 mies, and over their heads an Angelva a cloud with a Syp^rd, and 
 Ihe^tfffo, Glad ins ^EHOV^/E Et GIDEON IS. 
 
 Capt. Cartrvright of GloHcefler bore this Motto, without any 
 figure, Virtus REpuLSit Ne scia Sordid,*. 
 
 Capt. Silver figured a Candle burning, with this Motto, Lu^ 
 cendoAliiSjConsumor. 
 
 Capt. Vivers bore this Mstto only, without figure, Vi t a Ve - 
 
 RITATI OMNIAqUE. 
 
 Capt. chute bore this Motto without figure, Ch r isto Due e 
 Et Auspice ViNC AM. 
 
 Capt. Toung depainted a S'^ord and an open book, infcribed 
 Sacra ScriptHra,mth this Motto, Cau s a Pa t e a t . 
 
 Capt. Jervai* of Hamp/hire figured an Helmet with an Oli-ve 
 brunch in it, and the Motto, I u sTis Pa x Q^iiE r i Tur Ar m is. 
 
 Capt. 2{«ke figured a yJoB'rr of arrows from the skie, and the 
 >l/c«<?, Contra Imp ios. 
 
 Cz^uMarkham of Lincoln/hire figured a hand and fword, witTi 
 this Rime, For the caufe of the Lord 
 
 J draw myf^ord, 
 
 Capt. 
 
$4 Coronet-Devises 
 
 Capr. H^t-wkeridge reprefcnted a Showre ofiioud, and the word, 
 Tbansibit. 
 
 Cape. BUckwell, Captain of the Maiden Troup, figured the 
 Map of a City, ('intended for Sion) and a clufter oi'^'hite Virgin 
 ^f^r/j flaming with zeal, with this Motto, Incendia CukA 
 Sion IS. 
 
 Cz^t. J^ altonho^t t\i\s A^fotto withont any figure, Gaudet 
 Tentamine Virtus. 
 
 Capt. Pedke oi Kent had no figure, only this Motto^ Vi c to- 
 ri a Honok ab it,MorsCoronabit. 
 
 Cape. Fines of Lincohfhire bore on the one fide of his Coronet 
 this y^offo without figure, Sanguine Pro Patri a Offi- 
 cio Fun gar ; and on the other this, Pro Rege Et Gre- 
 GE Amor Mi HI Arm A Mi N 1ST RAT. 
 
 Capt, TWf/Zf/c;? figured 2 /j^Wx, the one holding ^ frrord, the 
 other a trowel^ and the Motto, In Ut RUMq ue Pa r a tus. 
 
 Qz^t.Tho: Jjlojfehovtt\{is Motto, without figure, NEquE 
 Rideo, NEquE Timed. 
 
 C3.pz. fackjen figured a/; Wand /wor^, with this Motto, Fi- 
 NEM Dat Ml hi Virtus. 
 
 C-x^t. mil: '^rrii^^nsRobinfon figured 2i fword Sitid Z piftol^ 
 andtheiT/c^^OjNoNEsTLEx Justior Ulla. 
 
 Cipt. Sauftders of Darify-fhirehore this Cjlf<j/f0,without figure, 
 Ju^tissimum Bellum iNquissiMiE Pa CI Antefe- 
 
 RO. 
 
 Capt. Knights reprefented an armed man on horf-back, with 
 his yw'or^ drawn, and the y^o/^/o, Pro Re formatione Pug- 
 
 NANDUM. 
 
 Ciipt.Marklp^m feem'd to be fomewhat defperate,when with- 
 out any figure he bore this only MottOjSi Pe r e o, Pe r eo. 
 
 Capt. Langrijh of HampJ^jire figured a Deaths head and a Bt- 
 fiops Mjtre, with this Motto, MoRi PoTui Quam Pa pa- 
 ths. 
 
 Capt. ^/.if^^ttV/ figured a /;oo(', infcribed Ltgis Evangdii, and 
 circuni-raurcd witha ^/^c^nW/, alluding to his name, and the 
 yi/o?/.?,Hic Munus Aheneus Est®. 
 
 Capt. Wrl(rht figured a hand and a/lVo>-^, with this A-fotto, Im- 
 medicabIle VuLNus Ense Rescindendum. 
 
 Capt. 
 
On the Farlhmentspnrt, 85 
 
 Capt. Middletm figured an armed mm killing a Taipjon in his 
 Uven ^eeves^ and the ^owo was, Exosus DeoEt Sanctis, 
 and underneath was written. Root And Branch. 
 
 OM^t.GreetKxxvaj Govcrnour of CjAunt houfe in Ox/vrdj7jire, fi- 
 gured a Book, perhaps intended for a Bible, widi this MottOj Ri - 
 1. 1 G ION EM NoN Lucrum. 
 
 Another figured an armed ho'f-mAn trampii'.ie, u ion C!tpid,\^-\i\ 
 this yi/<?f^e>. Ad lEuL' Amour, Vive La Gue rre. 
 
 Capi. foh>t Broyvn h3.d no figure in his (^oroytet, but this long 
 Englifh .l/(j«o, He lp U s In The Da y Of Battle, For 
 Without Thee Mans He lp Is Vain. 
 
 Capt. ivill: packer of GloHcefierJhire had likcvvife no figure^ on-» 
 
 ly this Ul'tottOy SAplENTlAETfORTlTUniNE. 
 
 Capt. Majfii'igberd hgured an armed horf-m.'^n with \i\sfword 
 drawn, and the wor Deus charadei'd in the heavens, with this 
 MottOjln'X^ Defixi Sunt OculiNostrf. 
 
 Capt. Tines figured a wreath of lanrcl and a deaths head, and 
 the A'^otto was, Aut Hoc, Aut I l lud. 
 
 Ca[:r. Butler bore his own Crefi^ with this Afotto^ Decorum 
 Est Pro Pat hi a Mori. 
 
 Another figured the whore of Babylon with all her trinkets, 
 and the Scotijlj Army entring England^ fhc faies by way cii Alotto^ 
 Om n e Ma lum a b Aqui lon r. , the Army returns this, V.£ 
 Ti Bi Baby lon. 
 
 Another figured the Pafchnl Lamb fii^hting with the many-hea- 
 ded ^^.?j? in the Revelation J and the Motto, Innocens Vin- 
 
 CET. 
 
 Another figured a Deaths head and a Crown of laurel, with 
 this Motto, Aut Cita Mors Aut Vi ctor ia L^eta. 
 
 Another figured a Bil^lc with this Afotto, Lo s e Th i s , Lo s e 
 All. 
 
 Another figured a (T^'^-'oWj- with a rope hanging ready upon it, 
 with this Motto, \Vi n It And We ar 1t.^ 
 
 Note that divers of thcfe Q^r^Xd^\r\'> were dftenvdrds prr* 
 moted to higher Offices ^andfor^.e ofthcfe Devifcs were born 
 by other CommMders Mfo on the Parliamer/tsjide. 
 
 N CORONET' 
 
8^ 
 
 FOR 
 
 IRELAND. 
 
 THc Lord fncheqHin figured for his Devife an Irijh Har^y 
 with this yl^e/fo, 
 ConcordesResonemDa Deus Alme Sonos. 
 The reft of the Captains of his Regiment had the faniC 
 Jidotto in their Coronets^ but with feverali diftindions in the num- 
 bers of the harps figured, according to their feniority. 
 
 The Lord Vifcount Ramelaghe bore this Motto, without any 
 fi£ure,NoN iNEqno, Sed Ab iEquo Victoria. 
 
 ^\i James Mongomery figured a houfeonfirey with this ^<?//e. 
 Opes Non An i mum, as much to fay, the Rebels may dcftroy 
 his houfe or lands, but not fubduc his courage. 
 
 He had another Devife wherein was depainted the Skie ftelli- 
 fted , and 2 branches of laurel^ with this Adotto, EritAltera 
 Merges, i.e. in heaven. 
 
 Sir m//: St Leger alias Selenger figured a tree cut down all but 
 a little ypro//? of it, which was frerfi and green, the picture of 
 death (landing by, with a/c/t', and this C^Iotto, In Ta nto Se d 
 Non InToto. 
 
 Licut.Col. Geo: Dundas borc this Motto, without figure, Be l- 
 lA Bfatorum Be lla. 
 
 Captain ^^rg'J^figured .a i^.?«.iholdinga /»'erJ and an Olive 
 hand, with , I n Ut Ruwq ue Pa r a tu s . 
 
 e*pt. 
 
Co R o N » T-D I V I 8 s $ for Irdmd, Sy 
 
 C%^t,John Barne bore this Motto without fignre, In Mont i 
 
 VlDlBlTUR DeUS. 
 
 Cape. Trencktrd figured an Harp with the ftrjng$ broken, and 
 the ^(?//^«,FidesTeme RATA Cob GIT. 
 
 , ERRATA. 
 
 pAg.i5'.1.33.i-caclwe»-/i p.js.l.io.nto&f^w p.4i.I.8.r.A7j. p. (?8.lp.r.place 
 wfcwc.p.jx. I.i.r.R/?c«r/c^.p.78.1.if.r.MONp.8c.I.34.r.Gordian p.Si. 
 1.7.r.in^w//<niancll.2^.r.this p.8i.I.37.r. TELVM. 
 
 FINIS, 
 
ir 
 
N' 
 

 ■>tn.j