mE NORMAL 
 
 October, 
 
 Number 8 
 
 y^%ries--2 
 
 e F orniation and Care of 
 School Libraries 
 
 ANGE. V. MILNER 
 
 August 1 8, 1904, Normal, Illinois, as second class matter, 
 under Act of Congress of July i6, 1894 
 
 B S;H!£ P B Y T H E I L L I N O I S STATE 
 ■S ^ O R ife Af L O N I V E R S I T Y, NORMAL, ILLINOIS 
 

 Accession No. 
 
 ^tarniitg anb f^abor. 
 
 LIBRARY 
 
 OF THE 
 
 University of Illinois. 
 
 CLASS. BOOK. VOLUME. 
 
 O'^.T.S NV<b59f C- 0 ^ z 
 
NORMAL SCHOOL QUARTERLY 
 
 Published by the Illinois State Normal University, Normal, Illinois 
 
 Series 2 OCTOBER, 1903 No. 8 
 
 The Formation and Care of School Libraries. 
 
 The aims of a school library are two, and each of these is two- 
 fold. They are (1) to develop a taste for good literature and the 
 habit of reading it; and ( 2 ) to broaden the pupils^ comprehension 
 of their lessons and teach them to use books as tools. In selecting^ 
 purchasing, and using th^ library these aims should be equally con- 
 sidered. It is easy to form a habit of re^;:^ worthless books, and 
 the ability to use books as tools requirdi practice in finding and 
 selecting, as well as in reading articles of information. 
 
 Great advancement has been made in Illinois in the last ten 
 years in the number and value of the school libraries and in the 
 advantage to which they are used ; and the state and county super- 
 intendents give much credit to the teachers for this progress. In 
 some states a school library is required and provided by the state. 
 In Illinois the teachers usually have the responsibility of either 
 persuading the auiliorities to furnish funds for books, or else of 
 raising the money themselves. Besides this they must know what 
 books they need to purchase and how to use them. 
 
 HELPS FOR TEACHERS. 
 
 In 3899 a committee from the Library Section of the National 
 Educational Association published a Beport on the Eelations of 
 Public Libraries to Public Schools. This contains information 
 about the selection of books, the use of a school library, and the co- 
 operation of schools and public libraries. It is the most helpful 
 work published on this branch of the subject. 
 
 The name, publisher, and price of this and of all other 
 publications mentioned and addresses referred to in this pamphlet 
 Avill be found in the appendix. 
 
2 
 
 The Normal School Quarterly, 
 
 The technical information necessary for buying and managing 
 a small library is given completely and clearly in Dana's Librar}^ 
 Primer. The use of these two works will save time^ money,, and 
 effort. 
 
 Besides the book lists in those publications^ many others of 
 high value are accessible. Among the best^ annotated and classi- 
 fied by grade or age, are those published by the Superintendent 
 of Education, Wisconsin, the New York State Library School, and 
 the Evanston Public Library. The books of the Illinois Pupils’ 
 Heading Circle are well selected. 
 
 Many of the leading publishing houses make a specialty of 
 books for school libraries. They publish both standard literature 
 and books of information in substantial, attractive form, at low 
 prices; and some of them also furnish booklets on children’s read- 
 ing and the formation of school libraries. See names and addresses 
 in the appendix under ^^Publishers.” Their circulars may be had 
 upon application. 
 
 Kroeger’s ‘^Guide to the Study and Use of Reference Books” 
 is the most useful vmrk on that subject. It contains annotated lists 
 and other information, and is up to date. Helpful lists of refer- 
 ence books are to be found in the Library Primer, the Wisconsin 
 Library Lists, and the Course of Study for Common Schools of 
 Illinois. 
 
 The Library Primer contains a select list of periodicals. 
 
 SELECTION OF BOOKS. 
 
 A teacher can gain the best results by making his own selection 
 of both ^Tooks of inspiration and books of information,” being 
 guided by good lists, his knowledge of the books, and his acquaint- 
 ance with the children. By working carefully he can make a good 
 beginning even if he has but little knowledge on the subject and 
 a very small sum of money. 
 
 It is better to select nothing that is not included in a standard 
 list, unless it is recommended by some one of equal judgment and 
 experience with those who made the lists, or unless the teacher 
 knows it will meet a specific need. This rule should be applied 
 even to selecting the edition, when choosing from publishers’ cir- 
 culars. Some editions of standard literature are cut or edited 
 until they are considerably changed ; old publications are occasion- 
 ally re-issued under new titles, and books of information are some- 
 times out of date or otherwise unreliable. 
 
 In choosing reference books, be careful not only to select works 
 that are well recommended, but to get the latest editions. Cyclopedias 
 
The Formation and Care of School Libraries, 
 
 3 
 
 written and published in this country are more useful than English 
 ones to pupils in the United States. Next in value to the ex- 
 pensive reference books^, and suitable for elementary schools^ are 
 Champlin^s Cyclopaedias. Good work can be done with geograph- 
 ical readers and some first-class textbooks on the various subjects. 
 Add a newspaper almanac^ the Statistical Abstract of the U. S.^, the 
 Blue Book of Illinois, and the Campaign Books of each leading 
 political party. Ad vertising circulars and clippings from magazines 
 are valuable additions to the reference department if carefully 
 chosen. One of the weeklies treating of current history and pre- 
 pared especially for school use will be helpful. 
 
 In choosing books for children's reading remember that chil- 
 dren have different tastes at different ages, and also that they can- 
 not enjoy books that are too difficult for them to read or too 
 tedious to interest them. The one thing for which they care is 
 that a book shall be interesting; they have no prejudices against its 
 being also well written. On the other hand the best written books 
 in the world will be of little use here if they do not appeal to the 
 children, for the children simply do not read them. Information 
 on good literature for young people is to be found in the Eeport 
 of the Library Section of the N. E. A. ; Adler’s Moral Instruction 
 of Children; Arnold’s Eeading: How to teach it; Baldwin’s Book 
 Lover; Burt’s Literary Landmarks; and a host of other books. 
 
 BOOK BUYING. 
 
 In apportioning the funds it will usually be found best to 
 divide them equally between books for reference and books for 
 reading. Books for supplementary reading frequently meet both 
 needs. Much good reference material may be secured free of ex- 
 pense, but reference books in general are more expensive than the 
 same number of volumes of first-class literature. 
 
 Don’t buy ‘^‘^bargains” in C3"clopedias, dictionaries, or other, 
 reference books ; they are usually out of date. Don’t buy a stock 
 lot of books because they are cheap. Don’t buy subscription books 
 unless they are well-known, standard works, and remember that 
 these may often be purchased to better advantage from regular 
 dealers. ^Don’t buv any books not recommended by a reliable 
 authority. By following these suggestions strictly something use- 
 ful may possibly be missed. By not following them many things 
 of very little use will surely be purchased and money wasted. 
 
 Cloth bindings are usually the most economical. Boards and 
 
4 
 
 The Normal School Quarterly, 
 
 paper are not durable^ and the durability of leather trade binding 
 is rarely proportional to its additional cost. Discounts are often 
 given for prompt payment. By subscribing for all periodicals 
 thru one agents the best club rates are secured. 
 
 in making book lists use slips, taking a separate one for each 
 book. Begin in the upper left hand corner with the author’s 
 name, surname first, then title, followed by edition, series or other 
 information necessary to identify the book, publisher and price. 
 For the order list arrange these slips alphabetically by author, and 
 copy on sheets. Be careful to keep an exact copy of the order 
 finally sent. 
 
 It is desirable to order eYer 3 dhing from one house. Get prices 
 from the home dealer first, remembering that even if he is a little 
 more expensive he will save time in correspondence and other de- 
 tails. Next to that, order from the nearest large city and have 
 the packages sent by freight. Copies of the list may be first sent 
 to several reliable dealers for prices. After choosing one buy en- 
 tirely of him as long as he gives satisfaction. A purchaser is bene- 
 fited by being a regular instead of a transient customer. If edi- 
 tions have been specified there cannot be much difference in the 
 prices made by the difterent dealers. If much freedom is left in 
 selecting editions the lowest bid will include inferior and cheaper 
 copies. 
 
 A reduction of from 20 to 30 per cent will usually be made 
 from the retail price of fiction and other popular books that have 
 been published more than a year and are still in print. Most books 
 published within a year are net, with no reductions to individuals, 
 but with a 10 per cent reduction to libraries, including the smallest 
 school libraries. These books are likely to be sold at lower rates 
 after they have been out more than a year. Most textbooks and 
 technical books are net with a discount of from 2 to 12 per cent to 
 libraries, while a few net books admit of no reduction. Libraries 
 making large purchases get larger reductions in some lines than 
 those buying only a few books at a time. 
 
 On receipt of the packages, the books, order, and bill should be 
 carefully compared Good dealers will readily correct their mis- 
 takes and replace imperfect copies. 
 
 PKEPAKING BOOKS FOR SHELVING. 
 
 Write or stamp the name of the school on the back of the title 
 page and in one or two other places in the volume. Title pages 
 
The Formation and Care of School Libraries, 
 
 5 
 
 and illustrations should never be defaced with marks of identifica- 
 tion. 
 
 Get an ordinary square blankbook for an accession book. Rule 
 it in columns for Accession number; Classification number; 
 Author; Title; Place and Publisher; Date; Binding; Source; 
 Cost; Eem.arks. These columns are to extend over two opposite 
 pages. Take a line across the two pages for each volume and write 
 the items describing it in their respective columns. Number the 
 lines consecutively, beginning with 1. The number of the line 
 is the accession number of the volume entered there. Write the 
 accession number in the volume on the second page after the title 
 page. This information is given more fully and is illustrated in 
 Dana's Library Primer. That work also gives simple directions 
 for classifying, shelf-listing, cataloging, book-binding, and other 
 such points. Consemiently these items are omitted or only par- 
 tially treated here. 
 
 It is now practicable to buy printed catalog cards for recent 
 publications from the Library of Congress at l-2c for each card in 
 a set except the first card which costs 2 l-2c. By a ^^seP^ is meant 
 all the cards for one work that are ordered at one time. For full 
 information write to the Library of Congress. 
 
 BOOKCASES. 
 
 The following are standard measurements : 
 
 Hight, 7 feetj 8 inches. 
 
 Four upper shelves, each 3 feet by 7 1-2 inches. 
 
 Two lower shelves, counter ledge, and floor of case, each 3 feet by 
 15 1-2 inches. 
 
 Hight from floor to top of counter ledge, 38 inches. 
 
 Thickness of counter ledge, 1 inch. 
 
 Hight of finish across upper part of case, 4 inches. 
 
 Hight of finish across lower part of case, 4 inches. 
 
 Thickness of boards closing in back of case, 1-2 inch. 
 
 Shelves to be made of inch stuff dressed to 7-8 of an inch. 
 
 Uprights of 1 1-8 to 1 1-2 inch stuff. 
 
 Have the upper shelves fixed. Give 10 inches of space between them. 
 The floor of the case makes the lowest shelf and is four inches from the 
 floor of the room. 
 
6 
 
 The Normal School Quarterly 
 
 Make peg holes 1-2 inch in diameter^ 3-4 inch deep, and 2 inches 
 aparh, between the floor-shelf and the counter ledge. Have w'ooden 
 pegs 2 inches long and 1-2 inch in diameter, made of very strong wood to 
 support the adjustable lower shelves. These may be placed far apart for 
 the larger books, or near together so as to shelve folios on their sides. 
 Including the floor of the case and the counter ledge, this gives 8 shelves. 
 
 Do not allow any finish or ornamentation to overlap any part of the 
 inside spaces. This is always a vexatious thing, catching or concealing 
 books. 
 
 Two or three sections of these measurements make a good wall 
 case, accommodating about 170 books to the section. If doors are needed 
 for locking up the case at night they should be made of wood. 
 
 CHARGING SYSTEM. 
 
 The following is a simple charging system: Make pockets 
 of medium sized manila envelopes. Cut a curved line from end 
 to end of the top- of each envelope. This removes the flap and 
 gives a place for taking hold of the book card easily. Paste the 
 pocket upon the inside of the front cover of the book, face up. 
 Book cards should measure 3x5 inches and may be made of stiff 
 manila. 
 
 Write classification number at the top and accession number 
 at the bottom of both pocket and card. When the book is circu- 
 lated date the book card and let the person drawing out the book 
 sign it. Cards of books in circulation should be filed in a box by 
 the classification numlier. When the book is brought back, cancel 
 the signature with the date of return and replace the card in the 
 pocket. If the signatures follow each other closely the card can 
 be used at least twenty-five times. 
 
 CARE OF BOOKS. 
 
 Do not crowd the books on the shelves or allow them to lean 
 over; both methods injure them. Never hold a book tight when 
 opening it, and never bend the covers backward; either is likely 
 to break the back. The following are the directions for opening 
 a new book or a newly bound one: ^^Hold the book with its back 
 on a smooth table ; let the front board down, then the other, hold- 
 ing the leaves in one hand while you open a few leaves at the back, 
 then a few at the front, and so on, alternately opening back and 
 front, gently pressing open the sections till you reach the middle 
 of the volume. Do this two or three times and you will obtain the 
 best results.^^ Cut the leaves with a flat paper-knife having a 
 smooth, blunt edge, being careful to cut well into the joint. 
 
The Formation and Care of School Libraries, 
 
 7 
 
 Never turn the leaves with moist or soiled fingers. Do not 
 turn them in any way that might tear^ soil, or crumple them. Be 
 careful not to close the hook in such a way as to crease the leaves. 
 The injury to the leaves of large dictionaries and atlases is entirely 
 from clumsy and careless handling. Keep them on tables from 
 which they are not to be moved, and then make a point of teaching 
 the children how to handle them properly. 
 
 Never pile open books, or lay them face downward, or write 
 on them. 
 
 DonT turn down leaves, use bookmarks. 
 
 Never close a book on anything thicker than a thin card. 
 
 DojTt mark any book that you do not personally own. 
 
 Heaw books should never be rested on the fore edges for any 
 length of time, and very large ones should always be shelved on 
 their sides. 
 
 Never let books fall, it injures the covers and loosens the bind- 
 ings. 
 
 Heat is injurious to bindings and sunlight fades them. 
 
 In mending books never use mucilage or glue, and use paste 
 sparingly. Sew in loose leaves instead of pasting them whenever 
 it can be ^lone. Much mending spoils a book for rebinding. First- 
 class rebinding lasts much longer than the original trade binding 
 usually does. 
 
 The librarv should be cleaned once a year. Carrv the books 
 to the open window where the air draws outward, take a book 
 firmly in each hand, strike the two together two or three times 
 and finish by dusting lightly all over with a soft feather or wool 
 brush. Holding the books firmly during the process prevents the 
 blows from loosening the binding. Always dust away from the 
 hinge and do nothing that might brush the dust in between the 
 leaves. Taking care of the books according to these directions pre- 
 serves them longer. 
 
 It should be clearh^ understood that an)^ person losing a book, 
 or damaging one beyond natural wear and tea]-, must promptly 
 make good the loss; otherwise the library may dwindle away or 
 go to pieces. The Illinois law, authorizing the establishment of 
 public libraries, contains the following clause : The city council 
 of said city shall have power to pass ordinances imposing suitable 
 penalties . . . for injury to or failure to return any book be- 
 
 longing to such library. 
 
8 
 
 The Normal School Quarterly, 
 
 PUBLIC DOCUMENTS. 
 
 These publications include nian}^ that are useful to the 
 smallest school. Every Senator, Kepresentative, and Delegate is 
 entitled to designate the recipients of a certain number of copies 
 of each public document intended for distribution. Application 
 should be made to the Eepresentative of the congressional district. 
 There is a surplus of most of the publications. Some of these are 
 for free distribution by the Department issuing them, but most of 
 them are sold either by the Department itself or by the Superin- 
 tendent of Documents. In order to keep informed of the publica- 
 tions useful for a school, examine those recently received by a 
 library entitled to receive all as fast as published; ask the Depart- 
 ment of Agriculture to send regularly its monthly list of publica- 
 tions; and write to the Superintendent of Documents and to each 
 U. S. Department and Bureau given in the appendix of this 
 pamphlet for their lists of publications available for free distribu- 
 tion and for sale. For information up to date about all these pub- 
 lications consult a little monthly periodical entitled Government 
 Publications, and write to the Superintendent of Documents for 
 his first and last reports. 
 
 It is to the advantage of large schools to be on the regular 
 mailing list of the Geological Survey. Some of these works are 
 useful for any school. Other publications of general interest are: 
 The Year Book and many other documents from the Bureau of 
 Agriculture; the Keport of the Commissioner of Education; The 
 Statistical Abstract; the Congressional Directory; the illustrated 
 reports of our foreign dependencies issued by the War Department; 
 some of the handbooks of the Bureau of American Eepublics, and 
 a few of the publications of the Smithsonian Institution. The 
 Congressional Eecord and some of the publications of the Bureau 
 of Labor are useful in large high schools. The Library of Con- 
 gress publishes select lists of references upon a variety of subjects, 
 many of them useful to schools. In writing to any branch of the 
 IT. S. Government for information never inclose stamps for a reply. 
 When money is to be sent in payment for books a postal money 
 order is best. All departments accept this. 
 
 State Publications are furnished free in their own state, and 
 are sent to other states at the price of transportation or sold at 
 prices that are low in proportion to their value. A list may usually 
 be had from the Secretary of State. The Superintendent of Edu- 
 cation furnishes the School Eeports, Arbor Day and Memorial Da}^ 
 
The Formation and Care of School Libraries, 
 
 9 
 
 Programs and other educational literature useful to teachers and 
 schools. These works, the Blue Book, publications of the Colleges 
 of Agriculture, and other scientific publications of a state are gen- 
 erally useful to schools. In Illinois some of the publications of 
 the State ISTaturalist are suited to school use. The Keport of the 
 Illinois Board of World's Fair Commissioners contains informa- 
 tion about the physical geography, forestry, and state institutions 
 of Illinois. The Report of the Illinois Farmers^ Institute will be 
 useful in rural districts. The Cornell College of Agriculture pub- 
 lishes valuable leaflets for school use. The Uniyersity of Minne- 
 sota has recently published an excellent book, ^^Eural School Agri- 
 culture, Bulletin No. 1.^^ The Geological Surveys of New Jersey, 
 Michigan, and Wisconsin issue valuable publications. Labor Re- 
 ports and other state publications are useful in advanced schools. 
 
 PICTURES FOR REFERENCE USE. 
 
 Pictures have now become a necessary part of the school outfit. 
 They can be purchased in great variety at from half a cent to $3 
 each. The well-known series at from l-2c to 5c auiece include his- 
 torical subjects, copies of noted paintings, architecture and statu- 
 ary, and a limited amount of animals and scenery. The colored 
 pictures at 2c each include birds, flowers, fruit, and a few geograph- 
 ical and miscellaneous subjects. Unmounted photographs of the 
 plates of the U. S. Geological Survey are for sale at from 8c to 
 25c each, according to size. Beautiful photographs of scenery and 
 architecture, both plain and colored, are sold at from 15c to 35c 
 each, unmounted. 
 
 Excellent pictures of scenery and architecture are to be found 
 in railroad publications and other advertising pamphlets. Some- 
 times the information they contain is also useful. They can be 
 found by referring to the advertising pages of magazines. They 
 usually cost from 2c to 6c postage and often include pictures that 
 cannot be secured so cheaply, if at all, in any other way. Pictures 
 that cannot be found anywhere else can often be clipped from mag- 
 azines. Housekeepers are often glad to give away the accumula- 
 tion of magazines that they otherwise store or destroy, but larely 
 use. 
 
 Mounting board in various colors comes in sheets 30x40 inches, 
 and costs from 10c to 40c a sheet according to quality, quantity, 
 and dealer. It may be purchased at any art store. Woodpnlp 
 board comes in sheets 26x38 inches, in creamy white and costs 4c 
 
10 
 
 The Normal School Quarterly, 
 
 or 5c a sheet according to quantity. These can all be cut by the 
 dealer at slight additional expense. The following sizes are all 
 useful, the measurement being in inches: ta8; 7 1-2x10; 
 10x13 1-3; 15x20 : 20x30. These measurements are for the col- 
 ored mounting board and can be varied slightly so as to cut the 
 woodpulp board to good advantage. The large sizes are for post- 
 ers made of groups of pictures illustrating a single subject^ an 
 arrangement particularly useful for historical subjects. 
 
 The best paste is some one of those sold for library paste or 
 for mounting photographs. Flour is good but spoils soon even 
 with oil of cloves in it. A roller such as is used for mounting 
 photos costs 25c. A bottle may be used instead. It is easiest to 
 paste only the corners or edges of a picture, but neither method 
 is sufficiently durable for much handling. With practice one can 
 learn to paste the picture all over; put it squarely on the card; rub 
 it smoothly with a cloth, wiping from the middle; roll it; press 
 it under a heavy weight, and get good results. 
 
 Lettering may be done upon the colored mounting board with 
 wdiite ink or white w^ater color paint, applied with a fine cameFs 
 hair brush. 
 
 The pictures are best kept on shelves enclosed by doors. Good 
 depths for the shelves are 10 1-2 inches for the upper ones and 
 20 1-2 inches for the lower ones, inside measurements. Classify 
 the pictures closely and put under each package a sheet of manila 
 paper the depth of the shelf. On this sheet should be w^ritten the 
 subject or class number of the pictures belonging to it. To keep 
 unmounted pictures classify them closely; fold paper into port- 
 folios of about the size of an ordinary magazine, folding the top 
 edge over several inches; put the pictures in these, writing the 
 subject on the part folded over, and file the portfolios on edge in 
 a deep box or drawer. A separate but similar arrangement may 
 be made for the larger pictures. 
 
 Various arrangements can be contrived for displaying pictures 
 in the room. Burlap mounted as a panel, screen or wall banner 
 is one of the most effective. Picture wares stretched in lines ten 
 or twelve inches apart horizontally across a w^all space are con- 
 venient. The Dennison company furnish various clips and pins 
 for hanging small pictures. 
 
 Interest the children in collecting pictures illustrating their 
 lessons, and mounting them either for themselves or for the school. 
 They may not be as skilful as the teacher, but they wall learn more 
 than if it is all done for them. 
 
The Formation and Care of School Libraries, 
 
 11 
 
 PRESERVATION OP CLIPPINGS. 
 
 Clippings of one or more pages may be made into pamphlets. 
 Make manila covers and sew in the leaves or fasten them in with 
 McGill fasteners. Clippings of one page or less may be kept con- 
 veniently in any of the following ways : (1) Put them in a Mark 
 
 Twain scrap book; this has gummed pages and only needs water 
 to fasten in the clippings. (2) Fasten them with paste, not 
 mucilage> into an ordinary scrap book or blank book; if the latter 
 is used first remove two out of every three leaves, cutting them 
 out about half an inch from the hinge. (3) Have sheets of ma- 
 nila paper about 8x9 3-4 inches; paste the clippings on these, 
 leaving a margin at the side by which the sheets may be fastened 
 together into a cover if necessary; keep all the sheets on one sub- 
 ject in a cover or portfolio cut and folded from manila paper. (4) 
 Paste the clippings in small piles on manila sheets, 7 3-4x9 3-4 
 inches, securing them by the upper edge only, and file. (5) Paste 
 the clippings on strips of manila paper 3 1-2x9 inches, and keep 
 them in manila envelopes 4x9 1-2 inches. Clippings for personal 
 use only may be kept in these envelopes without mounting them. 
 The envelope<=i should be filed on edge in the boxes in which envel- 
 opes of that size come. 
 
 Clippings and pamphlets should be closely classified. Write 
 subject or class number on the cover or envelope, and arrange 
 alphabetically by subject or numerically by class number. The 
 Library Bureau furnishes several kinds of files for pamphlets. 
 The Challenge or Evergreen City file is another good kind. 
 
 INDEX RERUM. 
 
 Make this on cards measuring 3x5 inches. Write the subject 
 of a card in red ink on the upper line and arrange the cards alpha- 
 betically by subject. Outfits for this purpose are sold by the 
 Globe-Wernicke Co., the Library Bureau and other firms. An 
 inexpensive outfit may be made of manila cards and an envelope 
 box. 
 
 TRAVELING LIBRARIES. 
 
 These consist of about fifty volumes, put up in a strong case, 
 accompanied by a catalog and a charging system, and shipped 
 from place to place for temporary use. Some county superin- 
 tendents and some public libraries send traveling libraries to the 
 schools dependent upon them. Outside of these the most extensive 
 
12 
 
 The Normal School Quarterly, 
 
 circulation of free traveling libraries in this state is due to the 
 Illinois Federation of Women’s Clubs and to the Illinois Farmers’ 
 Institute. Both institutions loan their libraries for a period of 
 six months at the cost of transportation. Full information may 
 be had from each upon application. There are also institutions 
 furnishing traveling libraries as a business. Prominent among 
 them is the Booklovers’ Librar}"^ giving excellent service. 
 
 USE OF BOOKS. 
 
 After all, the value of a school library lies in its usefulness, 
 and this depends upon the teacher. As much freedom as possible 
 should be given in the use of books at school, but a strict record 
 should be kept of every volume taken out of the room either by 
 pupils or teachers. Some of the pupils will make excellent library 
 assistants. Choose intelligent, wide-awake, active, kindly ones ; 
 never those who are slow or over-bearing. Help the children to 
 enjoy good literature suited to their ages. Teach them to respect 
 books and to handle them without injuring them, just as they 
 should be taught to handle and respect any other valuable or beau- 
 tiful things; and do this by example even more than by precept. 
 To teach them how to use books as tools, send them to the reference 
 books for things that they really want to know. Send them also 
 to look up subjects connected with their lessons, being careful to 
 give them problems within their power. Teach them to become 
 self-helpful among the books. Then the end and aim of a school 
 library will be attained. 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 ADDRESSES, BOOKS MENTIONED, ETC. 
 
 Abridged Decimal Classilication. Library Bureau, $1. 
 
 Adler, Felix, Moral Instruction of Children. Appleton, $1.50. 
 
 Arnold, 8. L., Reading: How to Teach it. Silver, Burdett, $1. 
 
 Baldwin, James, Book Lover; rev. ed. McClurg, $I net. 
 
 Blue Book, Illinois. Secretary of State, Springfield. Free. 
 
 Booklovers' Library. 1323 Walnut St., Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 Bureau of American Republics. Washington, D. C. 
 
 Burt, Mary E., Literary Landmarks. Houghton, Miffln, 75c. 
 
 Campaign Books. Headquarters of the leading political parties. Free. 
 
 Catalog cards. Printed. Library of Congress, Catalog division, Wasliing- 
 ton, D C. 
 
 Challenge or Evergreen City file. Pantagraph Printing & Stationery Co., 
 Bloomington, 111. 
 
The Formation and Care of School Libraries. 
 
 13 
 
 Cliamplin’s Cyclopaedia of Common Things. Holt, $2.50. 
 
 Cyclopaedia of Games and Sports. Holt, $2.50. 
 
 Cyclopaedia of Literature and Art. Holt, $2.50. 
 
 Cyclopaedia of Persons and Places. Holt, $2.50. 
 
 Congressional Directory. Free from Representative. Sold by Superin- 
 tendent of Documents, 
 
 Congressional Record. Free from Representative. Sold by Public Printer 
 and Superintendent of Documents. 
 
 Cornell College of Agriculture. Publications for sale by W. F. Humphrey, 
 Geneva, N. Y. 
 
 Course of Study for the Common Schools of Illinois. C. M. Parker, Tay- 
 lorville. 111., 15c. 
 
 Dana, J. C., Library Primer. Library Bureau, $1 net. 
 
 Dennison Manufacturing Co. 128 Franklin St., Chicago. 
 
 Evanston Free Public Library, Evanston, 111. List of Five Hundred Books 
 in the School Libraries of Evanston. 
 
 Globe- Wernicke, Co., Cincinnati, O. 
 
 Government Publications, monthly. 1608 Prospect St., N. W., Washington, 
 D. C., 50c a year. 
 
 Illinois Board of World’s Fair Commissioners’ Report. Secretary of State, 
 Springfield. 
 
 Farmers’ Institute. State House, Springfield, 111. 
 
 Federation of Women’s Clubs. Mrs. Margaret D. Trimble, Chair- 
 man Library Committee, Princeton, 111. 
 
 Pupils’ Reading Circle. F. A. Kendall, Naperville, 111. 
 
 State Publications. Secretary of State, Springfield. 
 
 Kroeger, Alice B., Guide to the Study and Use of Reference Books. 
 Houghton, Mifflin, $1.25 net. 
 
 Library Bureau. 156 Wabash Ave; Chicago. 
 
 Library of Congress, Division of Bibliography. Washington, D. C. 
 
 National Educational Association, Report of Committee on the Relation 
 of Public Libraries to Public Schools, 1899. Secretary of the N. E. 
 A., Winona, Minn. 15c. 
 
 New York State Library Bibliographies, Class List of a $500 Library 
 Recommended for Schools. University of the State of New York, 
 Albany, N. Y., 15c. 
 
 Fairy Tales for Children. University of the State of New York, 
 
 Albany, N. Y.* 15c. 
 
 Picture Dealers: Art Study Co., 307-321 Dearborn St., Chicago. 
 
 Brown’s Famous Pictures, Thomas Charles Co, 195 Wabash Ave., 
 
 Chicago. 
 
 Cosmos Picture Co., 296 Broadway, New York. 
 
 Detroit Photographic Co., Detroit, Mich. 
 
 Helman-Taylor Art Co., 257 Fifth Ave., New York. 
 
 C. I. Hood & Co., Photo Dept., Lowell, Mass. 
 
14 
 
 The Normal School Quarterly. 
 
 George A. Mosher, 112 E. Fayette St., Syracuse, N. Y. (Blue 
 
 Prints. ) 
 
 A. W. Mumford, Publisher, 203 Michigan Ave., Chicago. 
 
 Perry Pictures Co. Box 300, Malden, Mass. 
 
 Prang Educational Co., Fine Arts Building, Chicago. 
 
 E. R. Shepard, Photographer, Minneapolis, Minn. 
 
 Soule Art Co.^i Boston, Mass. 
 
 Public Documents. Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C. 
 Publishers of books for school libraries: American Book Co., Chicago; 
 D. Appleton & Co., Chicago; Th. Y. Crowell & Co., New York; Edu- 
 cational Publishing Co., Chicago; Ginn & Co., Chicago; Harper Bros., 
 Chicago; D. C. Heath & Co., Chicago; Henry Holt & Co., Chicago; 
 Houghton, Mifflin & Co., Chicago; Little, Brown & Co., Boston; Long- 
 mans, Green & Co., Chicago. A. C. McClurg & Co., Chicago; Mac- 
 millan Co., Chicago; Public School Publishing Co., Bloomington, 111.; 
 G. P. Putnam’s Sons, New York; Rand, McNally & Co., Chicago; Chas. 
 Scribner’s Sons, Chicago; Werner School Book Co., Chicago. 
 
 Rural School Agriculture, Bulletin No. 1., Exercises in Agriculture and 
 Housekeeping for Rural Schools. University of Minnesota, St. An- 
 thony Park. Minn. 
 
 Secretary of State, any state. Address that title at the capital of the state. 
 Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C. A limited number of publi- 
 cations given away and sold. 
 
 State Superintendent of Education, any state. Address that title at the 
 capital of the state. 
 
 Statistical Abstract of the United States. Bureau of Statistics, Wash- 
 ington, D. C. 
 
 U. S. Bureau of Education. 
 
 Bureau of Statistics. 
 
 Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries. 
 
 Department of Agriculture. 
 
 Geological Survey. 
 
 Superintendent of Documents. 
 
 War Department. 
 
 W^eather Bureau. All in Washington, D. C. 
 
 Wisconsin. List of books for high school libraries. 35e. 
 
 List of books for township libraries. 35c. 
 
 Supplementary list of books for township libraries. All issued by 
 
 the State Superintendent of Education, Madison. 
 
 Woodpulp Board. Pantagraph Printing & Stationery Co., Bloomington, 111. 
 
 Note. — The author of this pamphlet will be glad to give fur- 
 ther assistance along these lines. Address Library of the 111. State 
 Normal University, Normal, 111. 
 
15 
 
 The lorynation and Care of School Libraries, 
 
 The Illinois 
 
 State Normal University 
 
 is maintained by the State for the education of teachers. 
 It affords these advantages: 
 
 A faculty of thirty-two teachers. 
 
 A training department with nine critic teachers and 
 opportunity for work in all grades from the kindergarten 
 thru the high school. 
 
 A library of 13,000 bound volumes and 5,000 pamph- 
 lets, all carefully classified and catalogued. 
 
 Well-furnished laboratories for chemistry, physics, 
 biology, and geography. 
 
 A manual training department with ample equipment. 
 
 A spacious gymnasium and abundant provision for 
 indoor and outdoor athletic games. 
 
 A director of physical training who gives her entire 
 time to the work. 
 
 A school-garden of two and one-fourth acres, with a 
 special teacher of elementary science as related to agri- 
 culture. 
 
 A campus of fifty-seven acres planted with over one 
 hundred species of trees and vines, and affording ample 
 open spaces for athletic sports. 
 
 Free tuition and low cost of living. 
 
 A location in an intellectual community near one of 
 the most prosperous and cultured cities in Illinois. 
 
16 
 
 The Normal School Quarterly, 
 
 Calendar for 1903-1904. 
 
 WINTER TERM^ 1903-1904. 
 
 November 30 — Winter term begins. 
 
 December 16 — Semi-annual meeting of the Board of Education. 
 December 18 — Annual contest of literary societies. 
 
 December 19 — Eecess of two weeks. 
 
 January 4, 1904 — Winter term resumes. 
 
 February 20 — Annual contest in declamation. 
 
 February 27 — Annual contest in oratory. 
 
 March 4 — End of winter term. 
 
 Vacation of nine days. 
 
 SPRING TERM^ 1904. 
 
 March 14 — Spring term begins. 
 
 May 13 — Annual debate with Oshkosh Normal School. 
 
 June 1 — Annual meeting of the Board of Education. 
 
 June 1 — Annual meeting of the Alumni Association. 
 
 June 2 — Annual commencement exercises. 
 
 SUMMER SESSION^ 1904. 
 
 June 6 — First summer term begins. 
 
 July 18 — Second summer term begins. 
 
 August 26 — Second summer term ends. 
 
 September 5 — Beginning of fall term of year 1904-5. 
 
 Address inquiries for catalogs and information concerning 
 courses of study to 
 
 David Felmley^ President, 
 
 Normal, Illinois. 
 
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