LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN 366.1 T34r I.H.S. THE RISE AND PROGRESS OF FREEMASONRY IN ILLINOIS 1783-1952 By EVERETT R. TURNBULL Past Master, Mt. Nebo Lodge, No. 76 1952 The Most Worshipful Chanel Lodge of Ancient Free and Accepted Masons of the State of Ilhnois COPYRIGHT 1952 THE MOST WORSHIPFUL GRAND LODGE OF ANCIENT FREE AND ACCEPTED MASONS OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS Printed in the United States of America by Pantagraph Printing and Stationery Co. FURTHER LIGHT Hale, brothers of the Rule and Line, who work by Truth and Honor's laws; Still striving toward the Light divine, the dayspring of our righteous cause. The cause our ancient seers upbore, in lonely lands through darkest night; Still keeping in their mystic Lore, the prophecy of "Further Light." And further light spread Truth and Love, 'till now the world begins to know The Fatherhood of God, above, the Brotherhood of Man, below. And we, who caught their thought in part — how oft we met, in former time To search for truths their "Royal Art," had woven in the "work" sublime. And oft within the dimmest lore, of ancient writ, we sought and found Some Jewel from their secret store — concealed of old in Holy ground; Concealed for those who sought aright, as that Foundation Stone of yore, "First seen in Heaven" by Holy Light, then centre of the Master's floor. And oft we met in concourse glad, and hail our chosen rulers all. And oft with spirits O how sad, to hear for some the funeral pall, And oft must be, 'till all go, and none shall know that we were here, For what is lost on earth below, is treasured in that higher sphere. So one by one they passed the bourne, whence none returns to earthly light — While we await the hastening morn, which ushers each to "Further Light." H. P. H. Bromwell Grand Master, 1865. Chap. 1 Chap. 2 Chap. 3 Chap. 4 Chap. 5 Chap. 6 Chap. 7 Chap. 8 Chap. 9 Chap. 10 Chap. 11 Chap. 12 Chap. 13 Chap. 14 Chap. 15 Chap. 16 Chap. 17 Chap. 18 Chap. 19 Chap. 20 Chap. 21 Chap. 22 Chap. 23 Chap. 24 Chap. 25 Chap. 26 Chap. 27 Chap. 28 Chap. 29 Chap. 30 Chap. 31 Chap. 32 Chap. 33 Chap. 34 Chap. 35 Chap. 36 CONTENTS Explanatory 1 Kaskaskia 4 Western Star Lodge 8 Other Early Lodges 38 The First Grand Lodge 63 Lodges Chartered by First Grand Lodge 74 Lodges 1835-1840 84 The Second Grand Lodge 108 Illinois Lodges under Missouri 115 Title of the Grand Lodge 122 Mormon Lodges 129 Ritual 134 The Conservators' Association 141 The Negro Question 149 The Mexican War Years 154 California Lodges 159 Lodges Outside the State 163 Military Lodges 165 Peace Celebrations 170 General U. S. Grant and Masonry 171 Education 173 Regalia and Paraphernalia 180 The Chicago Fire 183 Cornerstones 189 Charity and Benevolence 225 Funeral of Stephen A. Douglas 236 Funeral of Abraham Lincoln 241 John F. Burrill Defalcation 247 Fiftieth Anniversary of the Grand Lodge 250 Seventy-fifth Anniversary of the Grand Lodge 253 Centennial Anniversary of the Grand Lodge 254 Masonic Convention 256 Masonic Congress 260 Declaration of Principles 265 The Rook of the Law 267 The Crum Case 269 V Chap. 37 Rite of Memphis 272 Chap. 38 Lotteries and Gift Enterprises 275 Chap. 39 Grand Lodge Hall 280 Chap. 40 Honorary Members 282 Chap. 41 Veteran Association 284 Chap. 42 King Kaulakana visits Oriental Lodge No. 33 290 Chap. 43 An Old Apron 292 Chap. 44 War Relief Service 294 Chap. 45 Miscellaneous 296 Chap. 46 Membership Statistics 303 Authorities consulted 305 Grand Masters, First Grand Lodge, 1822-1826 307 Grand Masters of Present Grand Lodge, 1840-1951. . . 317 Index 397 List of Illustrations Facing Page First State House, Kaskaskia 4 Kaskaskia in 1797 8 Last Building in Kaskaskia, 1906 8 First Return of Western Star Lodge, 1806 24 Sword and 1828 Minute Book of Western Star Lodge 32 Desk of Shadrach Bond and Gavel of Western Star Lodge 36 Where Grand Lodge was Organized, 1840 112 Cornerstone at Shawneetown, 1838 190 Royal Arch Memorial Hospital 222 Illinois Masonic Orphans' Home 226-228-230 Illinois Masonic Home 232-234 Stephen A. Douglas Petition for Degrees 240 Apron of Oliver Wolcott 292 Shadrach Bond 309 Shadrach Bond Monument 310 James Hall 311 Rawlins Hotel Where Hall Received Gen. LaFayette 312 Guy William Smith 313 Abraham Jonas 319 Abraham Jonas Monument 320 Creiger Jewel 352 Chapter 1 EXPLANATORY From a lake in Minnesota a small stream starts on its long journey to the sea; so small that a child can cross it. It is joined by others and gradually increases in size as it continues its movement to the south. As it flows onward it absorbs other streams, both great and small until, finally, it becomes the "Mighty Mississippi"— the "Father of Waters" and is perpetuated in song as "Ol' Man River." In like manner Freemasonry came to the Illinois Country. At an early day a lone Mason arrived in Cahokia at a time when he was one of the only two white men who were not French. The French had a few small settlements along the river, five in number, extending from Cahokia to Kaskaskia, a distance of about sixty miles. At no place did these settlements extend more than five miles from the river. All the remainder of what is now Illinois was a primeval wilderness, the habitat of Indians and wild beasts. Tlie noise and bustle of civilization were yet hundreds of miles to the east. The people were busy through the day but the silence of the night was disturbed only by the hoot of the owl and the howl of tlie wolf. Returning soldiers of the Clark army told of the wonderful fertility of the soil and soon bands of emigrants were wending their way to the new Eldorado. Among them were members of the mystic craft. These soon became known to each other by well-known tests. They remem- bered the social enjoyments and fraternal welcome at their lodges and determined to form a lodge to help relieve the hardships of their new life. Only six were found but it was known that a Mason lived at St. Louis. At that time the journey to St. Louis was long and dangerous, but the needed signature was secured, and in due time a lodge was founded at Kaskaskia. For ten years it was the only lodge in the Illinois country, but Shawneetown had become the most important point on the Ohio river below Louisville, Kentucky, and when the requisite number of Masons had arrived another lodge was established. Other lodges soon followed as the stream of Masonry continued to flow 1 2 Freemasonry in Illinois into the country. Finally a Grand Lodge was formed, but this was no "Mighty Mississippi." It was a very small and unimportant organiza- tion but the individuals who composed it were very prominent in the government of the state. On its membership rolls were present and future Governors, United States Senators, Supreme Court Judges and many other state officials. The course of the first Grand Lodge was not like that of the river. There were pitfalls, log jams and stagnant pools to interfere with its steady progress; finally outside influences, together with the necessity of many of its members to find suitable locations where they would have food and clothing, caused the Grand Lodge to close its doors and the little lodges that composed it gradually ceased to exist. But the spirit of Masonry still lived in the hearts and minds of the brethren. Thousands of new settlers were coming into the country; larger and more permanent towns were built. Other lodges came into existence and these have continued to the present time. They organized the second Grand Lodge which grew rapidly until today the mighty Grand Lodge of Illinois sheds its influence over every village and hamlet in the state. The need for preserving the records of the early lodges in the state was recognized in 1858 by the adoption of two resolutions: Resolved, That the materials for a complete history of Masonry in the Territory and State of Illinois, from the organization of the first Lodge therein, together with such biographical sketches and personal incidents as may be worth preserving, ought to be gathered up, and placed in our archives, so that a historical volume may be issued. Resolved, That the Grand Master appoint a suitable person for that service, to be styled the Illinois Masonic Historian, who shall be fully authorized to gather such materials together, and to call to his aid the service of such Masters, Wardens and Secretaries, as may be able to render him any service. All the reasonable expenses of said Historian to be paid by this Grand Lodge. There is no record of the appointment of any such historian, neither is there anything to show that an attempt was made to collect the old records, until in 1868 Grand Master Gorin called attention to the little knowledge that was had of the early lodges and appointed John C. Reynolds to write the history of the first Grand Lodge and "rescue it from oblivion." Right well did he do his work. His history is not written in flowery language with well rounded sentences but consists almost entirely of extracts from the early records which he, fortunately, was able to find. Explanatory 3 Without his history the story of early Masonry in Illinois would have been lost. This is the most valuable book the Grand Lodge ever pub- lished. To Brother Reynolds should go great praise. The Grand Master said: Bro. Reynolds is entitled to the grateful thanks of the Fraternity for his indefatigable and successful labors, in bringing to light much of the history of the old Grand Lodge of Illinois which has been covered with the accumulated rubbish of many years. Enough copies were printed to supply every lodge with one but those books are lu'nety years old, the paper is tender and the binding easily broken. They are not available to the average member so it was thought best to begin this history with the earliest time of Masonic activity in Illinois. The Reynolds history ends with 1850. Nothing has been written since that date. True, John C. Smith published a history in 1903 but it consists only of the proceedings of the first Grand Lodge 1822-27 and a few minutes of the Western Star Lodge in 1828-29. This book is an attempt to cover the many important Masonic events since 1S50 together with what has gone before. Extensive research has been made and many new facts about Western Star Lodge have been foimd together with some other new history. The writer is under lasting obligation to several Masonic students in other jurisdictions for valuable information, especially to Brother W. J. Paterson, Librarian of the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania, who has spent many tedious hours searching through tlie old records of that Grand Lodge. A. E. Orton, Grand Secretan,' of Kentucky, has also sent many new and valuable records of the activity of that Grand Lodge in establish- ing lodges in Illinois. The Grand Secretaries of several other Grand Lodges have fur- nished copies of their records. With this explanation the history is offered to the craft of Illinois in the hope that it will be found of some value. Everett R. Turnbi^ll Committee on History Chapter 2 KASKASKIA First Town in Illinois, First State Capitol, Home of the First Masonic Lodge From aboriginal times Kaskaskia was a meeting place for the Indian tribes. The first white man known to have stopped there was Lieutenant Tonti, an Italian explorer with La Salle. In 1690 a catholic mission was established by the name of "The Village of the Immacu- late Conception of the Holy Virgin." A chapel was built; this in turn was succeeded by others and in 1712 a Jesuit mission was started. More French came and gradually the country was covered with farms. Ex-Governor John Reynolds said: In olden times, Kaskaskia was to Illinois, what Paris is at this day to France. Both were at their respective days the great emporium of fashion, gaiety, and I must say, happiness also. In the year 1721 the Jesuits erected a monastery and college in Kaskaskia which, a few years afterward, were chartered by the government. Kaskaskia for many years was the largest town west of the Alleghaney mountains. It was a toler- able place before the existence of Pittsburg, Cincinnati or New Orleans. The Jesuits erected water and wind mills near the village. Kaskaskia was agricultural and extended its commerce to New Orleans and Mobile, but not north. 1732 to 1754 were the palmiest days of the French occupation. The country exhibited a scene of flourishing prosperity. From the hostihty of the French and Indians no Briton ever saw the upper Mississippi until the treaty of Paris in 1763. A great portion of the American Bottom was under cultivation; grain and stock farming principally. There were no factories or other industries, except the water mills built by the Jesuits for grinding grain. In 1763 France ceded the country to England. About one third of the French crossed the river to St. Genevieve, preferring to live under Spanish rule rather than that of England. There were no courts until the British established them in 1763. The British made little effort to colonize the country, being interested 4 Kaskaskia 5 only in trade. When the British took possession there was an immense exchange of goods with New Orleans. Dr. Snyder said (111. Hist. See. Vol. 6, No. 1): The rich alluvial plain of the American Bottom about Kaskaskia had become in a great measure, the main source of food supply for New Orleans and its dependent military posts. Wheat and com were of luxuriant and almost spontaneous growth. Thousands of pounds of flour, ground by the water mills along the Kaskaskia river and neighboring streams, together with quantities of bacon, venison, buffalo meat, and other local products annually floated down the great river in large home- made bateaux to the lower Mississippi metropolis. In 1770 Kaskaskia contained only 65 resident families yet, at that time one man furnished the King's stores from his crop — 86,000 pounds of flour ( Aux lUinois — Vivier. ) In 1774 the British Parliament made the Cahokia comitry part of the Province of Quebec. In 1766 Captain Harry Gordon of the British Army came to Illinois to study the best means for permanently holding the country. In his journal he wrote: The Kaskaskia village is on the plain. It consists of 80 houses, well built, mostly of stone, with gardens and large lots to each, whose in- habitants hve generally well, & some have large stocks of cattle & hogs. Other houses were of logs set upright with clay and straw between the posts. Nearly all the houses had wide porches on three sides. The most momentous event in the life of Kaskaskia was when the Virginians under George Rogers Clark captured the town on July 4, 1778. Under British rule the great mercantile firms of Philadelphia es- tablished trading headquarters at Kaskaskia and shipped immense quantities of goods of all kinds there for distribution from St. Louis to Memphis. George Rogers Clark, in a letter to Patrick Henry, Governor of Virginia, said: It is situated 30 leagues above the mouth of the Ohio, on a river of its own name, five miles from its mouth and two miles east of the Mississippi. On the west side of the Mississippi 3 miles from "Kus- kuskies" is a village of (St. Genevieve) belonging to the Spaniards. The town of "Kuskuskies" contains about one hundred families of French and English; they have a considerable number of negroes. The houses are framed and very good, with a small but elegant stone fort situated but a little distance from the center of the town. 6 Freemasonry in Illinois A description of the town written in 1810 said it was: A port town, and the chief one in Randolph county, contains 45 houses, many of them well built, several of stone, with gardens and large lots adjoining. It now contains 467 inhabitants, of whom 47 are slaves. When the soldiers of the Clark army returned home they gave such glowing accounts of the fertility of the soil that soon large contingents of colonists were on the way to make new homes. The first brick building was erected in 1792. It served as the Terri- torial and State Capitols until the removal of the capitol to Vandalia. The supreme court also used it. After the removal of the state govern- ment to Vandalia it was the Randolph county court house until 1848, when the county seat was moved to Chester. The greatest social event in the life of Kaskaskia was the visit of General LaFayette on April 30, 1825. On the 29th the General visited the Grand Lodge of Missouri then in session at St. Louis. The next day, in company with Governor Coles of Illinois, Governor Dodge of Missouri and delegations representing the states of Louisiana, Miss- issippi and Tennessee, he boarded the steamer Natchez and departed at eight o'clock in the morning. The boat arrived at Kaskaskia at one in the afternoon, landing at the ferry. The company was taken to the house of General John Edgar where Governor Coles delivered an ad- dress of welcome and a reception was held. The General Assembly made no appropriation for LaFayette's visit but did appoint a com- mittee consisting of Representatives Hamilton, Moore and Webb and Senators Smith and Widen to draft an address of welcome. This was adopted and the committee was authorized to forward the address through the Executive. The entire party of twenty-four visitors and the local committee of thirteen went to the tavern of Colonel Sweet where a banquet was served, followed by a few speeches. The party then went to the stone house of William Morrison where another reception and ball was held. After the ball the ladies who danced with the General decided to preserve their slippers as mementos of the occasion. One of those fortunate enough to dance with him was the widow of John Guy. She spent her last years in Carlinville and told about the reception and displayed her slippers. After her death the slippers were put in a glass case and deposited in the office of the sheriff of Macoupin County where they remained for several years. They have long since dis- appeared. Kaskaskia 7 An order of nuns started a large convent in 1833 but the building was not finished until 1836. Gallahar and Harson were the contractors. It was 110 by 32 feet and four stories high; there was a wing 150 feet long and two stories high. The cost was about $30,000. Here the nuns conducted a flourishing school until 1844. That year the nuns and girls had to be taken from the second-story windows into the steam- boat Indiana and the water damaged the building so much it had to be abandoned. In 1844 the water was seven feet deep in the town. Many houses were carried away by the flood. The water commenced to rise June 12 and began falling June 28 at five in the afternoon. All the people were taken across the Kaskaskia river to the high ground on the east side. This information is from the official report of the flood by Ferdinand Maxwell, Clerk. Floods of 1851 and 1857 still further damaged the town and many people were forced to leave. The doomed town continued to exist but that was about all. In 1882 the Mississippi broke through into the Kaskaskia and took tracts of land as large as a quarter of an acre at a time with the houses and washed them completely away. Three weeks after the break-through the steamboats used the new channel. Kaskaskia never was a large settlement. Old French records show that in 1723 there were 196 white inhabitants; a British census in 1767 showed 600 white men, women and children. It has been claimed that there was a large population when General LaFayette visited there in 1825. The population in 1825 as taken by Brother T. J. V. Owen, census commissioner, showed 477 white and 140 black people. The township outside of the town had forty-one families. The United States census report shows 513 people in 1850; 326 in 1880; 177 in 1900; in 1910, 142. There was only one house standing in 1906. Chapter 3 WESTERN STAR LODGE The Seven Signers to the Petition for the Dispensation William Arundel was born in Ireland, and received a liberal educa- tion there before sailing for Quebec. He was at Little Niagara in 1778. In 1782, he was in business under the firm name of Arundel and Dawson at Sandusky, but this evidently did not prove satisfactory, as we find him the next year in a partnership in Detroit under the name of Arundel and May. Ex-Governor John Reynolds, who was personally acquainted with Arundel, said he was in Cahokia in 1783, about sixty miles north of Kaskaskia. He was an Indian trader and fur buyer. A few years later he moved to Kaskaskia, where he became a large land owner. He received the degrees of Masonry in Saint Andrew's Lodge No. 2, Quebec, under the Provincial Grand Lodge of Quebec. Entered Apprentice February 1, 1777; Fellowcraft February 27, 1777; Master Mason March 15, 1777. He was Master of Union Lodge in Detroit sometime between 1778 and 1783. He was the first secretary of West- em Star Lodge at Kaskaskia. He dimitted in 1812, but affiliated in 1814. He was a justice of the peace, and one of the three judges that held the first county court. From 1809 to 1815, he was clerk of die cir- cuit court. His dimit is very different from those now in use. SUMMA LAUS DEO. In the East arose a light, and the light shineth in the darkness, and the darkness comprehendeth it not. We, the Master and Wardens of Western Star Lodge No. 107, Ancient York Masons, held in the town of Kaskaskia, in the lUinois Terri- tory, under a regular charter from the Worshipful Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania, do hereby certify that Brother William Anmdel, who has signed his name in the margin, and unto whom we grant these letters, is a regular and duly Registered Master Mason, and has perfomied all his works amongst us to the entire satisfaction of his brethren. We tliere- fore pray all the Worshipful Lodges and all Free and Accepted Masons 8 Western Star Lodge 9 to receive him into Fellowship wherever Providence may allow his abode on earth. In testimony whereof, we have hereto set our hands, countersigned by our said Brother and Secretary (no seal for our lodge being yet pro- vided), this twenty-second day of June, Anno Lucis, 5812. P. Fouke, Master, Wm. C. Greenup, S. Warden, James Edgar, J. Warden. Mich'l Jones, Sec'y. P-T. Brother Arundel died in 1816. Robert M'Mahon, a member of Staunton Lodge No. 13, Virginia, came to the IlHnois country with his wife and six children in 1794, and located southeast of New Design. The next year he and two daughters were captured by Indians, bound, and forced to witness them kill his wife and four otlier children. He and his daughters were carried away captives, but he escaped and, after incredible hard- ships, reached his friends. The daughters were ransomed later. He was a justice of the peace, and judge of the Randolph county court, 1795 to 1803. His last years were spent on a farm south of Troy, where he died and was buried. James Edgar was a native of Philadelphia and was initiated in Lodge No. 9, Philadelphia, January 4, 1784; was installed Master June 24, 1792 and served until December 27, 1793. He resigned in 1795. It is probable that he removed to Kaskaskia about that year. He was sheriff of Randolph County 1803-05. He was the moving spirit in organizing Western Star Lodge as is shown by his letter to Jonathan Byrd Smith who was Grand Master of Masons in Pennsylvania 1791-2. Kaskaskia, 11th March, 1805. Dear Sir: I herewith take the liberty of inclosing to >ou a supplication made to our Grand Lodge joined by some of the Fraternity here to endeavor for the good purposes therein contained to meet as we ought to do here — in hopes of creating a number of the Elect, and will now give you the knowledge of my acquaintance with them, Robert McMahon is one of our Justices and resides at about 20 miles from this — Wm. Arundel is an acquaintance made on my arrival in this Countrv- and has been M. of a Lodge at Detroit known by Union Lodge — Myself your acquainted with — M. Jones is here Commissioner & Register of the land office — J. Gilbreath is an Inhabitant here, M. Easton is Atty General of Louisi- ana — M. Robinson is Clk to the Commissioner on land Claims all tried and have been entered, passed and raised to Sublimity. And therefore must request the indulgent favor of you to endeavor to Give every aid 10 Freemasonry in Illinois in your power to have this business forwarded as soon as Possible and oblige most Loving and Sincere Brother. James Edgar Jonathan Byrd Smith. As no envelopes were used at that time there was endorsed on the back of the letter: Kaskaskia 19 March Paid 50. Jonathan Byrd Smith, Esquire. Mail Philadelphia. Kaskaskia, 111., 1805. Letter from Brother James Edgar respecting application for a Warrant or Dispensation. The dispensation bears the date of September 24, 1805 and names James Edgar first master. December 11, 1805 he took to his assistance Rufus Easton as Senior Warden and M. Jones as Junior Warden and duly instituted the lodge. The charter was dated June 18, 1806 and the lodge was constituted September 13 with James Edgar as Master. He was again installed Master June 24 and December 27, 1806. A dis- pensation was granted for Louisiana Lodge No. 109 at St. Genevieve, Louisiana Territory, and the lodge was constituted by Brother Edgar November 14, same year. June 23, 1816 he dimitted but re-afRliated July 5, 1817. The lodge was informed of his death November 1, 1817 and it was Resolved, That the members of this lodge will meet at the lodge- room on the morrow at one o'clock, and proceed therefrom to the house of their deceased brother, James Edgar, long a member, and one of the founders of the Lodge, and attend the funeral, and pay him Masonic honors; and that the members of Louisiana Lodge No. 109 at St. Gene- vieve be invited to attend at Kaskaskia at three o'clock on tomorrow evening, and that a special messenger be engaged by the treasurer to carry the notice and infonnation to the Louisiana Lodge in such way as the Worshipful Master may direct. Ten members and five visitors from St. Genevieve attended the funeral. Michael Jones was initiated June 24, 1793 in Lodge No. 45 at Pitts- burg. He came to Kaskaskia in 1804 as Commissioner and Register of the Land Office. He acted as Junior Warden at the institution of the lodge and was elected first Senior Warden and second Master of the lodge. He served a total of eight terms as Master; these were for six months each. Western Star Lodge 11 February 7, 1818 the lodge record reads: Bro. Jones on his way to the Eastern States [was authorized to pro- cure jewels for the lodge, and was particularly exhorted, in the discharge of his duty,] to have regard to the funds of the Lodge. March 6, 1819: Bro. Michael Jones was allowed fifty dollars for a set of jewels and a carpet. That year he removed to Shawneetown and on October 2, 1819 The lodge passed resolutions of regret at losing so old and active a member as Bro. Jones, and appointed a committee to prepare an address to Bro. Jones setting forth this feeling. June 23, 1820 he dehvered the oration at the installation of officers. Several other times he delivered the "Annual Oration." In 1810 he was appointed Colonel of the land militia of Randolph County. He died November 26, 1822. Robert Robinson was a member of Staunton Lodge No. 13 at Staunton, Virginia. He received the degree of Entered Apprentice on January 4, 1803; Fellowcraft on January 22, 1803; Master Mason on February 9, 1803. He was in Kaskaskia in 1805 and was clerk in the office of the Commissioner and Registrar of the land office. The peti- tion for the charter asked that Brother Robinson be appointed to constitute the lodge. We do certify that Bro. Robinson has proved himself to us, a W.M. of a warranted lodge of Ancient Y. M. Jas. Edgar Jas. Gilbreath. The charter was accompanied by the following letter: WE, James Milnor, R.W. Grand Master of Masons in and for the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, and the Masonic Jurisdiction thereunto belonging: To Bro. Robt. Robinson, a Past Master Mason— Greeting: Reposing the greatest confidence in your zeal, fervor, and constancy in the Craft, We do, by virtue of the Powers and Authorities in Us vested, hereby authorize and empower you to call to your assistance a sufficient number of known and approved Masons to open and con- stitute a new Lodge at Kaskaskia, in the Indiana Territory, in the U.S., and there to proceed to the installation of our worthy Bro. James Edgar, Master-elect, and other officers of a new Lodge there to be established and constituted, to be called the "Western Star Lodge" number one liimdred and seven, according to the most ancient and honorable custom of the Royal Craft in all ages and amongst all nations throughout the 12 Freemasonry in Illinois known world, and not contrarywise, and make report to US hereon endorsed of your proceedings. This dispensation to remain in force three months from tlie date thereof. Given under our hand and the seal of the R.W. Grand Lodge [seal] of Pennsylvania, at the city of Philadelphia, this 18th day of June, in the year of our Lord, 1806, and of Masonry 5806. James Milnor, Grand Master attest Geo. A. Baker, Grand Secretary. On the back of the commission of Brother Robinson was written: Agreeably to the within Dispensation to me directed to open and constitute a new Lodge of Ancient York Masons, at Kaskaskia, and to in- stall the W. Master, Brother James Edgar, and other, the officers thereof, on the 13th day of September, 1806, I took to my assistance a sufficient number of known and approved Past Master Masons, and proceeded to open and constitute a new Lodge under the warrant of the R.W. Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania, bearing date of the second day of June, 1806, to the brethren here granted. Whereupon the W. Master, Brother James Edgar, and the other officers of this Lodge in the said warrant mentioned, were duly installed and invested with the ensigns of their respective offices, and the Lodge closed in due form. Robert Robinson, Appointed to constitute Lodge No. 107 Kaskaskia, October 20th. 1806 Brother Robinson was Master of Western Star Lodge from June 24, 1808 to December 27, 1808. October 16th, 1811: The Lodge was called for the purpose of attending the funeral of - Bro. Robert Robinson, deceased — When a M. Mason's lodge was opened in ample form, and proceeded to the place of interment, and after the usual solemnities returned and closed in hannony. This was the first Masonic funeral in Ilhnois. James Gilbreath is hsted in the return of Western Star Lodge for 1806 as a Past Master. He was a member of Lodge No. 79 at Cham- bersburg, Pennsylvania. The records of Western Star Lodge show him installed as Master, December 27, 1808 and again June 24, 1809. He was sheri£F of Randolph County 1805-09. May 7, 1812: Bro. Gilbreath stated his reasons for not attending the meetings of the Lodge, which were deemed reasonable, and he granted a dimit. August 15, 1815: [Jas. Gilbreath was summoned] to appear in open Western Star Lodge 13 lodge — [reason not stated. The record continues] that having gone through the business before them [the Lodge was closed.] September 1, 1815: [The charges against James Gilbreath] were taken as confessed, he not having appeared or made any defense [and he was accordingly] unanimously expelled by a unanimous vote. Rufus Easton never lived in Kaskaskia. He was a member of Roman Lodge No. 82, New York. He was the first Senior Warden of Western Star Lodge — was one of a committee to select a name for the lodge. Living in St. Louis it was not convenient for him to attend the lodge meetings. August 2, 1808 he signed the application for St. Louis Lodge No. 111. From that date his connection with Western Star ended. Easton was bom in Litchfield, Connecticut, May 4, 1774, studied law under Ephraim Kirby, first General Grand High Priest, and was admitted to the bar in Litchfield but soon after moved to western New York. Here he gained recognition as a lawyer and politician. He spent the winter of 1803-4 in Washington, D.C. He then came to St. Louis and was one of the first judges in Louisiana Territory. Dur- ing the same year he was appointed postmaster at St. Louis and served ten years. He had to rent his own office and the government allowed him two dollars to purchase furniture for the office. He was a terri- torial delegate to Congress 1814-16 and was the second Attorney General of the State of Missouri. He became wealthy but lost most of his propert>' through speculation. He retired to St. Charles where he died July 5, 1834. The Beginning St. John's Day, Philadelphia, Monday 25th June (St. John's Day having fallen on Sunday, 24 inst. ) A.D., 1804. Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania, Grand General Communication. A letter from Brother James Edgar, dated Kaskaskia, 7th May last, directed to James or Thomas Wilkins, was read. Brother Edgar thereby intimated a desire of obtaining a Dispensation for holding a Lodge in Kaskaskia, until a society should be formed, when application might be made for a warrant. Ordered, To lie o\'cr for consideration until the next Quarterly Communication. October 15th 1804: The letter from Brother James Edgar respect- ing a Dispensation for holding a lodge at Kaskaskia, read on St. John's Day last, and ordered to lie over for consideration, was again read and referred to the R.W. Grand Master to take such measures thereon as he may deem most expedient. 14 Freemasonry m Illinois Petition for the Dispensation for the Western Star Lodge No. 107 To the Grand Master and members of the Right Worshipful Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania — Bretheren: The subscribers and many others of our Bretheren in the counties of St. Clair and Randolph, beg leave to approach your Worshipful body and state to you; that they are far removed from those social enjoyments which they once as Masons have experienced; that from the growth of population many worthy and respectable brethren have settled, and many more will soon come to this country; and that your suppliants, from a sense of duty incumbent on them as Masons and as men, to promote their mutual happiness, the happiness of their neighbours, and as far as in their power lies, harmonize society — and furthermore to impress on their memory what has long been written on their hearts. Wherefore your supplients thus presume to approach your worship- ful body and request that, if in your councils you think it expedient, your worshipful body will grant to your supplients a Warrant or if that can't be obtained a Dispensation authorizing them to hold a regular Lodge in the town of Kaskaskia, appointing such of your supplients to preside therein as may seem proper to your Worshipful body, sending with the said warrant — your constitution, all other necessary instructions and the amount of the expenses attending the same which will be duly remitted by your supplients, etc., etc. Rob' M'Mahon, Staunton No. 13 William Anmdel, St. Andrews Lodge No. 2, Quebec James Edgar, No. 9, Philadelphia Mich' Jones, No. 45, Pittsburg Ja^ Gilbreath, No. 79, Chambersburg Rufus Easton, Roman Lodge No. 82, New York Robert Robinson, Staunton No. 13 Indiana Territory, Kaskaskia, March 9th, 1805. The Dispensation We, Israel Israel, Esquire, Right Worshipful Grand Master of Masons in and for the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, and Masonic Jurisdiction thereunto belonging: To all Free and Accepted Masons wherever dispersed.— Reposing the greatest Confidence in the Zeal, Fervor and Constancy in the Craft of our Worthy and beloved Brother James Edgar, a Past Master Ancient York Mason, residing at Kaskaskia in the Indiana Territory in the United States And by Virtue of the Powers and authorities Vested in US, WE DO hereby Authorize and Empower and Request him to call to his Assistance a sufficient number of known and Approved Master Masons to open a Lodge at the Town of Kaskaskia aforesaid and then and there Initiate, Pass, and Raise Free Masons according to the most Ancient and Honourable Custom of the Craft in all Ages and Nations Western Star Lodge 15 throughout the Known World, and not contrar>\vise and to make Report to US hereon endorsed of their proceedings. This Dispensation to remain in force SIX Months from the date hereof and no longer. Given under Our Hand and The Seal of our Grand Lodge at the City of Philadelphia this Twenty-Fourth Day of September in the Year of our LORD 1805 and in the Year of Masonry 5805. [seal] Israel Israel, Grand Master. attest George A. Baker Grand Secretary. Organization of the Lodge Indiana Territory, Randolph County, Kaskaskia, Saturday, 14th December, 1805, A.L. 5805. In compliance with petition from sundry members addressed to the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania, a dispensation was forwarded by the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania, 24th September, directed to Brother James Edgar, authorizing him to take to his assistance a sufficient number of members for the purpose of holding a Lodge in the town of Kaskaskia and vicinity, and initiate such as may be approved by the members thereof into the mysteries of Masonry, according to the Most Ancient and Honorable Custom of the Craft. Upon which the Worshipful Master, the said James Edgar, called to his assistance Bros. Rufus Easton as Senior Warden, Michael Jones as Junior Warden, Robert Robinson as Senior Deacon, Alexander Anderson as Junior Deacon, and William Arundel as Secretary, all of whom he found on due trial to be Master Masons. Whereupon, the Worshipful Master, and others above named, took their seats, and an Entered Apprentice's Lodge was opened in due form. On motion, Ordered, That the naming of the Lodge be submitted to Bros. M. Jones and Rufus Easton, whereupon it was agreed that this Lodge be styled and known by the name of 'Western Star Lodge,' Kaskaskia. On motion and seconded, Ordered, That a subscription be opened for the purpose of raising a sum sufficient to enable the brethren to obtain a warrant and dispensation to institute a Lodge of Ancient York Masons at Kaskaskia, to be styled the Western Star Lodge. The sums that may be subscribed by the breth- ren to be placed to their respective accounts on the credit side of the same, and the Lodge to be debtor, which sums so subscribed to be dis- charged in due proportion out of the first moneys that may be paid into the treasury from initiation fees or otherwise. The said subscription to be presented in open Lodge only, and to none except such as now are or may become members of this Lodge. On motion, Requested, That Bros. M. Jones and R. Robinson be a committee to pre- pare rules or regulations for the government of this Lodge, and to report the same from time to time for the approbation thereof. 16 Freemasonry in Illinois Whereupon, the Lodge closed in harmony, vintil the first Saturday in January next, unless otherwise found necessary by the Worshipful Master. The first petitions were received January 4, 1806. They were from Andrew Henry, Walter Fenwick and George Bullett, all residents of St. Genevieve, Louisiana Territory. By-laws were adopted January 16, 1806. A more complete set of by-laws was adopted on June 24, 1808. These had twenty-six sections. First came a condensed copy of the Ancient Charges. The first section provided that meetings should be held from seven to ten p.m. March 25 to September 25 and from six to nine from September 25 to March 25. Elective officers were the master, wardens and treasurer and, with the consent of the lodge, the master may appoint two deacons, a secretary and steward; "if any shall refuse to serve he shall pay one dollar, unless he had served in a similar office before." Section 8 provided that a brother may call for the previous question, and the question put, if the motion is seconded and thirded. Section 10 provided that No brother shall rise to speak or interrupt another addressing the Master, unless to call to order; or if any shall mock, deride or endeavor to ridicule any brother whilst speaking, or while the Lodge is sitting, he shall, on conviction by a majority of the members present, forfeit and pay for the first offense five dollars, and ask pardon of the Lodge and of the ofiFended brother; for the second offense he shall forfeit and pay ten dollars, and ask pardon of the Lodge and the offended brother; for the third oflFense he shall forfeit and pay fifteen dollars, and ask pardon of the Lodge and the offended brother, and for the fourth offense shall be expelled, and not re-admitted without the unanimous consent of the Lodge, to be given either by ballot or otherwise, as the Lodge shall de- tenuine, and shall pay twenty dollars to the charity fund. Section 12 provided that a brother cursing or swearing, or holding an angry dispute, shall be subject to the same penalties as prescribed in section 10. This section governed conduct outside of the lodge and in public as well as in the lodge room. Section 14 provided that any brother revealing any of the transactions of the Lodge, shall be fined fifteen dollars, or be expelled, and if expelled, should not be re- admitted at all. Western Star Lodge 17 Section 15 provided that a Tyler shall be appointed and if absent, the youngest brother present shall act and shall be fined five dollars for refusal except for good reasons. Section 17 fixed the annual dues at $1.84 of which one dollar went to the Charity Fund and eighty-four cents to the Grand Lodge. Section 18 provided that every brother and visitor to pay twenty- five cents for refreshments; and every absent brother was liable for the same charge. Section 20 provided fees for aflBliation: four dollars for Master Masons; eight for Fellowcrafts and ten for Entered Apprentices. The latter fees probably paid for remaining degrees. Section 21 provided that every initiate pay eight dollars to the charit}^ fund, eight dollars to the contingent fund, one dollar to the Secretary and one dollar to the Tyler. Section 26 provided for trial procedure and penalties. Eighty-four names were signed to these by-laws. So many petitions were received that special meetings were held; these were called "Extra Lodge." Petition for Charter Kaskaskia, April 13, 1806. To the R.W. Grand Master and brethren of the R.W. Grand Lodge of Pa. Brethren — We the subscribers, members of a Lodge holdcn at Kas- kaskia under a dispensation granted by order of your worshipful body, in pursuance of our former petition, beg to soHcit a fulfilhnent of your promise contained in your letter accompanied by your said dispensation, directed to Brother James Edgar, of granting a warrant and dispensation to constitute a Lodge at Kaskaskia, to be styled the Western Star Lodge. Brothers James Edgar, Michael Jones and James Gilbreath, M.M. and formerly members of Lodges constituted under the authority of the Grand Lodge of Penns\ Ivania ( as will more fully appear by a reference to the communications made to your worshipful body, by the several Lodges of which they have been members) have been elected officers of this Lodge, for the time being, to whom the warrant may issue. Assur- ances having been given by Bro. James Edgar, that Bro. Robert Robinson has regularly passed the chair, we do therefore desire that the dispensa- tion for constituting the Lodge may be directed to him. Your dispensation with our proceedings endorsed thereon, as also the amount of your fees, you will find herewith enclosed. We are R.W. Sir and Brethren, jours fraternally, Jas. Edgar, W.M. Michael Jones, S.W. Jas Gilbreath, J.W. Robt. Robinson, Treasurer. Wm Anmdel, Secretary. 18 Freemasonry in Illinois Accompanying this was the following: We the subscribers, formerly members of lodges constituted under the authority of the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania, and present members of Western Star Lodge at Kaskaskia, do recommend the prayer of the foregoing petition to the consideration of the W.M. and members of the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania. Jas Edgar, Michael Jones Jas. Gilbreath. Recommended by Andrew Nilson P.M. No. 9 John Boyd P.M. No. 2 Jas. Wilkins P.M. No. 9 John Boyd was Senior Warden of No. 2 in 1796 and probably Worshipful Master the next year. Andrew Nilson was Worshipful Master of No. 9 from 1797 to June 1801 and resigned on July 3, 1807. James Wilkins was Past Master of No. 9, was admitted January 4, 1784; died September, 1819. The following action was taken by the Grand Lodge on June 3, 1806: The return of a dispensation granted by the late R.W. Grand Master on the 24th of September last, directed to Bro. James Edgar, authorizing him to open and hold a Lodge at Kaskaskia, in the Indiana Territory, in the United States, for the term of six months from the date of said dis- pensation, was read; also, a letter from Bro. Edgar, dated 14th April last, respecting their proceedings under said dispensation, and also a petition from Bro. Edgar and several other brethren who had been members of said Lodge held under the aforesaid dispensation, praying for a warrant for holding a Lodge at Kaskaskia aforesaid, to be called the Western Star Lodge, and that Bro. James Edgar might be named Master, Bro. Michael Jones, Senior Warden and Bro. James Gilbreath, Junior Warden of the same. Which petition being duly recommended according to the regula- tions of this Grand Lodge, on motion made and seconded. Resolved, That the prayer of the petitioners be granted, and that the Grand Secretary make out a warrant accordingly, and the same be num- bered 107. Western Star Lodge 19 The Charter James Milnor, Grand Master Fred J. Walbert, Deputy Grand Master Robert Lewis, Senior Grand Warden Robert Poalk, Junior Grand Warden The Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania and Masonic Jurisdiction There- unto Belonging in Ample Form assembled at Philadelphia in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. Wisdom Strength Fraternity KNOW YE, that WE the said GRAND LODGE of the most Ancient and Honorable Fraternity of Free and Accepted Masons (according to the Old Constitutions, revived by his Royal Highness Prince Edwin, at York, in the Kingdom of England, in the Year of the Christian Aera Nine Hundred Twenty and Six, and in the Year of Masonr>' Four Thousand Nine Hundred Twenty and Six) by virtue of the Powers and Authorities vested in US, DO hereby constitute and appoint our trust>- and well be- loved Brothren James Edgar Master, Michael Jones Senior Warden and James Galbraith, Junior Warden of a Lodge to be called "The Western Star Lodge" Number One Hundred and Seven to be held at Kaskaskia in the Indiana Territory in the United States or within Five Miles of the same. AND WE DO FUR- THER authorize and impower our said trusty and well beloved Brethren James Edgar, Michael Jones and James Galbraith to admit and make Free Masons according to the Most Ancient and Honorable Custom of the Royal Craft in all Ages and Nations throughout the known \\'orld and not contrar>Avise. AND WE DO FURTHER impower and appoint the said James Edgar, Michael Jones and James Galbraith and their Successors to hear all and singular matters and things relating to the Craft within the Jurisdiction of the said Lodge with the assistance of the Members of said Lodge. AND LASTLY, WE DO hereby author- ize and impower our said trtisty and well beloved Brethren James Edgar, Michael Jones and James Galbraith — to instal their Successors, being first duly elected and chosen, to whom thc>- shall deli\er this Warrant, and to invest them with all the Powers and Dignities to their Offices respectively belonging, and such Successors shall in like manner, from time to time, instal their Successors &c, &c &c. Such installation to be upon or near ST. JOHN THE EVANGELIST DAY during the continu- ance of this Lodge for ever. PROVIDED ALWAYS that the said above named Brethren, and their Successors, pay due respect to this RIGHT WORSHIPFUL GRAND LODGE and the Ordinances thereof, other- wise this Warrant to be of no Force or Effect. Given in open GRAND LODGE under the hands of our Right Worshipful Grand Officers and the Seal of our Grand Lodge, 20 Freemasonry in Illinois [seal] at Philadelphia this Second — Day of June A.C. One Thousand Eight Hundred and Six and of Masonry Five Thou- sand Eight Hundred and Six. Attest George A. Baker, Grand Secretary' Tho-^ Armstrong, Grand Treasurer With the charter was a letter to Robert Robinson authorizing him to constitute the lodge. The letter is given as part of Brother Robin- son's sketch. He took to his assistance James Gilbreath as Senior War- den and William Arundel as Junior Warden and opened a Past Master's Lodge and installed James Edgar as Master. The Past Master's Lodge was then closed and a Master Mason's Lodge opened. Brother Edgar installed the remaining oflBcers and the lodge closed. The constituting ceremony was carried out on September 13, 1806. On October 4 there was a notable visitor who was to have much to do with the pros- perity of the lodge and Masonry in Illinois. The record reads: Shadrach Bond Jr. of Temple Lodge No. 26 Reisters Town, Balti- more Co. Maryland. That night he petitioned for aflBliation and was elected to member- ship. December 27, 1806: At the first election under the charter Andrew Henry was elected Junior Warden and George Bullitt appointed Junior Deacon. They were both residents of St. Genevieve, and two of the first petitioners. The same night the petition of several Masons in St. Genevieve for a dispensation to organize a lodge was recommended. The officers named in the petition were Dr. A. Elliot, Master; Andrew Henry, Senior Warden; George Bullitt, Junior Warden. Western Star Lodge lost four members and two Entered Apprentices. The reply of Western Star Lodge to this application was: At a meeting of the Western Star Lodge held at Kaskaskia in the Terri- tory of Indiana, on St. John's Day, the 27th December A.L. 1806, James Edgar, Worshipful Master, in the chair. A petition having been presented to this Lodge signed by a number of ancient York Masons (to us known as such) residing at St. Genevieve and its vicinity in the territory of Louisiana together with some members of this Lodge, praying this Lodge to recommend to the Right Worship- ful Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania Brother Doctor Aaron Elliot as Wor- shipful Master, Brother Andrew Henry, as Senior Warden, and Brother George Bullitt as Junior Warden, of a lodge to be constituted in the Town of St. Genevieve in the Territory aforesaid, to be called the "Louisiana Lodge" — This lodge having had said petition under consid- eration Do hereby recommend the said Aaron Elliot, Andrew Henry and Western Star Lodge 21 George Bullitt, aU Master Masons, as proper characters to fill the offices aforesaid, agreeable to the prayer of the petition hereto annexed. In testimony whereof we, as the W. Master and Wardens of the said Western Star Lodge No. 107, held under the jurisdiction of the R.W. Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania at Kaskaskia aforesaid, have hereunto set our hands and seals the day and year above written. James Edgar W.M. [seal] Mich'l Jones S. W. [seal] Jas. Gilbreath J.W. [seal] N.B. Nine of the foregoing petitioners are known to us as Master Masons No seal being procured the Private Seal is substituted. Attest. William Arundel, Secretary. At the second election, June 24, the Wardens were installed in the Past Masters' lodge. At the next installation all officers were installed while the lodge was opened on the third degree, no Past Masters' lodge having been previously opened. Notifying members to attend meetings was somewhat of a prob- lem. June 4, 1808: "Distant members" were ordered notified to attend on the 27th of June. The secretary's record shows that notification to four were sent "by Bro. Rector's son," June 13th and to six others were sent "under cover" to John Hays, Cahokia, by "Mr. Joseph Charless, printer, on his way to St. Louis to purchase material." December 17, 1808: An invitation was received from Louisiana Lodge No. 109 inviting the members to participate in the St. John's Day celebration and installation of officers and was accepted. At the same meeting a petition was received from "Sundry brethren at Ca- hokia asking a recommendation for a new Lodge, laid over." The petition was signed by five brethren but no action was taken owing to some irregularity in the payment of dues. June 16, 1809: Invitations were received from the lodges at St. Louis and St. Genevieve to attend their St. John's Day celebrations; the latter was accepted. At this meeting the "Tyler" appears for the first time. When the lodge at St. Louis was organized Western Star lost three members; Rufus Easton who lived in St. Louis and John Hay and John Hays, both residents of Cahokia. June 24, 1810: Brother Andrew McCormick of Lodge No. 137, of Loughbrickland, Ireland, Orange Body, was introduced as a Fellow- craft. June 15, 1811: 'Stated Lodge night dues" were reduced from 25c to 12y2C. Bills to the amount of $150.07% were allowed, with reason not stated except that $8 was for a sword. 22 Freemasonry in Illinois March 6, 1812: An unusual incident prevented the meeting of the lodge: The minutes of the last meeting being called for, it was found that no lodge was held — that the earthquakes, so frequent and alanning at the time, rendered an assemblage of the members almost impossible, and indeed unsafe. The stone house in which the lodge was held was considerably shattered by the frequent concussions, and was on that evening abandoned by its proprietor, Bro. Greenup, who from the hurry of the moment, in moving his family, forgot to make any arrangements. The books and furniture then became inaccessible to those who had met, and consequently the dehnquency on the part of the Lodge in not meet- ing was unavoidable. April 4, 1812: A record that has been generally misunderstood was entered: "Brother Aaron Burr, Master Mason, member of Union Lodge No. 40, Connecticut, visiting." This was not the ex- Vice-President as he was on a ship returning from Europe at that date. February 5, 1813 is the first record of the examination of a candi- date: The Lodge was opened in the first step in Masonry, according to ancient custom. When on examination of Bro. Conway, who prayed to take the step of a Fellowcraft, it was moved the said brother withdraw. He was then passed, June 24, 18 13,: A record showing the lax way in which members were examined is given: Wharton Rector, a member of the Lodge, having been reported by the Grand Lodge of Virginia as suspended in December 1805 by Win- chester Lodge No. 14, Virginia, a committee was appointed to investigate the matter. August 6, 1813: The record reads: "Wharton Rector was unani- mously expelled." July 1, 1814: An account of $26 for aprons and sashes was allowed. A committee appointed at a previous meeting to procure a room, re- ported and was granted further time. Jan. 6, 1815 A subscription was ordered to be taken, for the pur- pose of building a lodge-room. June 24, 1815 Breth. Edgar, Walker and Swearingen were ap- pointed a committee to instruct the younger brethren. July 7th Charges were preferred against a brother, alleging having in his possession, making, and altering forged bank notes, and associating with counterfeiters. [The charges were referred to a committee to] collect testimony for and against the charges. Western Star Lodge 23 Oct. 6th The lodge-room being occupied by a sick person, the Lodge moved to the house ot Bro. Jones, by consent. A candidate was raised and the lodge closed at 12 midnight. This was two hours later than provided in the by-laws for closing. Nov. 4th Bro. Greenup ( secy ) was allowed one dollar twelve and a half cents, postage on one communication from the Grand Lodge. Dec. 2nd. [The election was held and a committee appointed to make arrangements for a] Masonic dinner and ball on St. John's Day and it was ordered that every brother who attended should pay two dollars. Dec. 27th. The petition of Thomas C. Browne was received, referred, and reported on instanter, and the candidate initiated. This was the brother that presided when the Grand Lodge was or- ganized in 1822. January 23, 1816: In memory of a departed brother the treasurer was ordered to procure crape and blue ribbon for the members, the crape to be worn on the hats and the blue ribbon at the third button hole of the vest; to be worn thirty days. March 2: The finance committee reported $535.65 delinquent dues. Phillip Rocheblave was granted a dimit. The text is inserted to show the curious wording: Western Star Lodge No. 107. To all Free and Accepted Masons, Union, Health and Happiness: We the Master and Wardens of Western Star Lodge No. 107, held at Kaskaskia, in the county of Randolph, under the Grand Warrant of Pennsylvania, assembled in due form adorned with all our honors, do hereby declare and attest to all men enlightened on the face of the earth, that our beloved Bro. Phillip Rocheblave, who hath signed his name in the margin, hath been received as an entered apprentice, passed as a fellowcraft; and after having sustained with finiiness, strength and courage, the most painful works and wonderful trials, we have given to him as a recompense, due to his zeal, diligence, and capacity, the sub- lime degree of Master, and have admitted and initiated him as such into our misteries and secret works in which he has helped us witli his talents, skill and knowledge. In testimony whereof, we have granted to him this present certificate, signed by our Master and Wardens, and attested by our Secretary, with the private seal of the said Lodge, the twenty-fifth day of April, in the year of Masonry 5816 and of Salvation 1816, S. Bond, W.M., P. Fouke, S.W., Samuel Walker, J.W. Attest D. S. Swearingen, Secretary. 24 Freemasonry in Illinois October 5: The lodge passed a resolution preventing the Worship- ful Master from drawing orders on tlie Treasurer until the next stated meeting. The reason for this action was that the Master and Secretary wished to pay the Grand Lodge dues amounting to $60. The objection was made that it would reduce the finances of the lodge to a danger- ously low position. December 7: It was voted to have the notice of the installation "in the public newspaper at Kaskaskia." In the Western Intelligencer of December 19th appeared NOTICE The Members of the Western Star Lodge No. 107 are requested to meet on the 27th of this month at their lodge room in Kaskaskia for the purpose of celebrating the day, it being the anniversary of St. John tlie Evangelist. All transient brethren are solicited to attend. D. S. Swearingen, Secy. Fourteen brethren were present for the installation. The lodge, after the installation, went to the house of Brother William Bennett and "partook of dinner and other refreshments provided by the com- mittee." There is no mention of what the "other refreshments" were but our olden time brethren were firm believers in "the glass that cheers." Sep. 6, 1817 Resolved, That the members of this Lodge will, as a token of their grief for the death of their deceased brother N. G. R. Rhea, wear a piece of black ribbon through the second and third button holes of their coats for three months. At a preceding funeral they wore blue ribbon and crape. The installation of officers on June 24, 1819 found thirty-five breth- ren present, seventeen being from Louisiana Lodge No. 109 at St. Genevieve. This was a notable representation as they had to cross the Mississippi river. Numbers present did not in any way interfere with necessary busi- ness. December 27, 1819 the record reads: At 8 o'clock in the morning brethren Bond, Fouke, and Walker, assembled, and Bro. Roberts, Master-elect, was installed in a Lodge of Past Masters, and that Lodge closed, and a Lodge of Master Masons opened, and called ofiF until 10 o'clock, at which time ten brethren were present, and the remainder of the elective officers installed. The record dated December 9, 1820 is the last minutes now rn (if Weslcrn Star Lodge No. 107—1806. yy^/3y Oy'?7i£^ Ma*^ V oL^'tui o^-^^fi^t n ^^xmb//^ /S^^./gai /^Jfs^,Mi /a0.^*rei/i)6. ^i^uA<. ^i-r^i/^ ^^§:^ . ^Ide^a^ //^^ :. 0&aa«?Uf(a^}i'gg£ ^''2»Oo^%e-^r#^i%A^«^?a.*^ /0*.^^iC^/'/^^.*^^rt^^„:,^ ^^ja^e.,^a/,;)f,jza^/!k£^i£Xa^ Western Star Lodge 25 known until those of June 24, 1828, on which date the lodge was opened by Thomas Reynolds, Deputy Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Illinois; the lodge was consecrated and officers installed under a warrant from the Grand Lodge dated February 14, 1827. Thirteen brethren were present. The lodge was given the number One by the Grand Lodge of Illinois. The oration was delivered by Richard M. Young, member of Union Lodge No. 6, later United States Senator and Supreme Court Judge. Nine meetings were held after the consecration. The largest num- ber present at any meeting was eight; most of the time only four and once three were all that attended. September 6, 1828 by-laws were adopted. These consisted of twenty-four sections and were similar to original ones adopted when the lodge was first organized. The record of this lodge up to 1820 is taken from tlie "History of Masonry in Illinois" by John C. Reynolds. Brother Reynolds copied from the minutes of each meeting and his work is a most valuable story of our first lodge. A perusal of that history will furnish the interested brother with a wealth of information about that lodge. The minutes of 1828 and the consecration meeting are from the original records. The Reynolds history was printed in 1869. Financial Trouble During tlie years when the lodg e_minutes are mi'^^ino; Hip Igclge experienced much difficulty on account of financial trouble. In 1823 and the years following all banks were closed and there was very little money of any kind in tlie country, making it impossible for the mem- bers to pay dues. James Hall owned newspapers in Shawneetown and Vandalia. He received payment for advertising etc. "in bacon, tallow, beeswax and feathers." So the owner and editor managed a general store as an adjunct to his newspaper business. Here follows copies of the record of the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania. KASKASKIA LODGE No. 107 Under date of June 16, 1823 a communication was received from Kaskaskia Lodge No. 107 Containing a statement of the past and present situation of the Lodge, the pecuniary embarrasments under wliich it labors, their desire that the Grand Lodge would give them a credit for $192.21 dues of dehnquent members which they have actually never received nor can expect, as appears by the above mentioned statement, their intention to close all accoimts with the Grand Lodge up to St. John the Evangelist's Day last and to remit the same as early as possible. They also inform of 26 Freemasonry in Illinois the establishment of a Grand Lodge in the State of lUinois and ask for permission to surrender their present Charter when tliey may deem it expedient to take a new one under the Grand Lodge of lUinois and to retain all their Jewels and Furniture for the use of the new Lodge. On motion and seconded, the said Communication together with the statement of the delinquent members were referred to the Committee on Finance. WESTERN STAR LODGE No. 107 Adjourned Stated meeting Western Star Lodge No. 107. Kaskaskia Monday May 12th, A.D. ^823, A.L. 5823 The Secretary with the assistance of the Worshipful Master having in pursuance of an order of the Lodge made out and laid before tlie Lodge a return to the Grand Lodge, of the admissions, Enterings, pass- ings, raisings. Expulsions, demissions, deaths &c with a Statement of the annual dues of each member from the 27th December A.D. 1813 to the 27th Dec. A.D. 1822, Together with an account current with the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania, It appears to this Lodge proper to express freely its Sentiments to the Grand Lodge. In submitting the report and account current to the Grand Lodge it will appear that a balance of $393.63 remains due from the Western Star Lodge. Whilst the Lodge has to regret that it is at the present time unable to pay the amount due to the Grand Lodge, it cannot reproach itself with having received and expended the funds which has come to their hands from its members. The only regret which is felt, is that of too liberal indulgence to its members, and to that Source alone is to be ascribed their present embarrassment. But few indeed of the members have discharged the amount of tlieir accounts with the Lodge, and by continued indulgence many have removed so distantly from the Lodge that it is next to impossible to obtain their annual dues, in fact some have removed to places unknown to the Lodge without having paid their dues. By a Statement accompanying this report it will be seen that a con- siderable amount has been actually paid by this Lodge to the Grand Lodge from its commencement up to the 27th December 1813, which in fact never was received by this Lodge nor never will. The same State- ment also shows the amount which has accrued from that time up to the 27th December 1822 which this Lodge conceives to be irrecoverably lost. This Lodge has a much greater account charged against these delin- quents. The Consequence of which has been that the funds of tliis Lodge has been advanced in making payments to the Grand Lodge of dues which never has nor never will be received by them. And it would, this Lodge conceives, be very hard indeed for it to incur not only the loss of that amount, but of their own demands which are of a much larger amount. It would in fact be throwing the burden of all these delinquents entirely on the more upright few. The expenditure of the funds of this Lodge in completing the pay- ments heretofore made agreeably to the return of 1813 and the amount Western Star Lodge 27 required for House rent and the sums lately required to meet the en- gagements entered into to finish a room for the Lodge has exhausted all the funds received, and in fact this Lodge is now somewhat in debt for the room it has now provided. It is therefore evidently out of the power of this Lodge until it can make collections, to make remittances to the Grand Lodge. Some loss has been Sustained by this Lodge by the depreciation of the value of the paper of the State Bank of Illinois which has been re- ceived. The depreciation of the value of that paper has caused this Lodge to expend about double the sum it would otherwise have required in pay- ing oflF its expenses. In addition to this circumstance, it is a fact that its members are residing in almost every part of the State. Many have not been in the Lodge for the last seven years. To make collections is attended with much difficulty. Orders have been repeatedly made requesting payments, but no determinate effectual measures have been resorted to except in only two or three instances. Indulgence has been the general course pursued, and the result must be that of great loss to the Lodge. Measures however have lately been entered into which if effected, and we have every reason to believe tliey will, that must result in the close of this protracted business. The remote situation of this Lodge from the Grand Lodge is at- tended with much inconvenience. The benefits derivable from a Grand Lodge Communication are not here enjoyed. We are sensible that irregu- larities in our workings exist, it must be expected to exist, differences are known to exist under diflFerent Grand Lodges, and the members of the Lodge are from various parts of the United States and differently in- structed. Consequently when called to officiate in our Lodge their methods must be different. Yet we are satisfied that no material devia- tion exists from the Substantial ancient Land Marks of the Order. But we need, greatly need, a regular System, which we cannot well obtain without a visit from the Grand Communication. We pleasingly anticipate the organization shortly of a Grand Lodge in the State. The constitution of which is now before this Lodge for its approbation or rejection. Notwithstanding our high regard and attach- ment and our Conception of the liberality and justice of the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania that must always claim our regard and gratitude, yet we are persuaded that the vicinity of a Grand Lodge Communication must afford us a means of pursuing our work with more regularity and advance our instructions in Masonic lights and virtues. Having thus taken a brief view of the condition and affairs of this Lodge at the present time, we deem it proper to remark to the Grand Lodge that it is the sincere detemiination of this Lodge now to close all the accounts with its members up to the last St. John the Evangelists Day and endeavor as far as possible to effect the Collections by the next St. John the Baptist's Day and to remit to the Grand Lodge as early as may be thereafter. But we declare that we believe that the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania should feel some little charity and forebearance for our situation and give us a credit in our accounts for the Sum of One 28 Freemasonry in Illinois hundred ninety-two dollars and twenty-one cents, which sum we have actually never received nor can expect as will appear by the Statement herewith transmitted. This Lodge deems it proper also to ask permission of the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania to surrender its present Charter when it may deem it expedient to take a new one under the Grand Lodge of Illinois, and that it may retain all its jewels and furniture for the use of the new Lodge. A true copy from the Record Attest Wm. C. Greenup. F. W. Owen, Secty. Master of Western Star Lodge No. 107 To the R.W. Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania: The Committee of Finance to whom was referred the petition of Lodge No. 107, considering the doubtful power of this Grand Lodge to enforce a coercive course against a Lodge situate within the jurisdiction of another Grand Lodge, beg leave to offer the following Resolutions: Resolved that the Grand Treasurer be authorized and is hereby authorized and directed to close the account of Lodge No. 107 up to and including 27 Dec. 1822 on receiving the sum of Two hundred Dollars. Resolved that on the payment together with such dues as shall have accrued subsequently to Dec. 1822 of the aforesaid Two hundred Dol- lars Lodge No. 107 may surrender its Warrant to the Grand Secretary whenever it shall deem it expedient. Respectfully submitted, Bernard Dahlgren, William Page, Philad\ 16 July 1823 Wm. Mayweg. 12 May 1823 Commimication from Lodge No. 107 read in G. L. 16th June 1823, and referred to the Committee on Finance. Report made thereon 2 August 1823 and adopted. June 7, 1824. On motion and seconded: Resolved, That the Warrant of Lodge No. 107 be vacated for delinquency and tliat the Grand Secretary be directed to communicate the same to them. Dec. 20, 1824, On motion and seconded: Resolved, that the Grand Secretary write the late master of late Lodge No. 107, requesting him to deliver the Jewels, Books, etc, of the Western Star Lodge 29 Lodge and inform him that the members individually remain suspended from the benefits of this institution until the request be complied with. Kaskaskia, Illinois, Oct. 20, 1825. Sir and Brother:— Your letter of the 22nd ult. is now before me. The sohcitude which I feel, to have the perplexing business of the late Western Star Lodge closed with the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania, prompt me to use every endeavor to felicitate its accomplishment. I am satisfied that the misunderstanding has not been sought or in- tended. The Western Star Lodge found itself much cmbarrased by circumstances which it could not well control. The deranged state of the currency of the Country, about the year 1823, arising from a mistaken policy of State legislation, based as was alleged, upon the general depres- sion of the country, paralyzed everything, the enforcement of contracts was suspended, and nothing but a depreciated paper system was transacted. The Lodge had previously made contracts, and payments from it became due, and in consequence of the general embarrasment, its means of collection were limited, and what was effected, was so far depreciated that it had to sacrifice considerable to meet the engagements. When the proposition was made to the Grand Lodge to close the ac- counts, it was calculated that it could be eflFected, but in that it was dis- appointed. Coercive measures were adopted (Which, although painful under the peculiar circumstances of the times) and put into a train of operation, which were arrested by the recall of the charter, leaving no means for their completion. A little before that time, The Grand Lodge of Illinois was constituted, and a general solicitude felt to become a branch of it, a resolution was adopted by that institution, to solicit the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania to permit the Western Star Lodge to with- draw its funds and furniture, and work under the Illinois jurisdiction, but the unfortunate destruction of the books and archives of the Illinois Grand Lodge shortly after, by the conflagration of the capitol where they were deposited, prevented as I am informed, its being communicated to the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania. In reference to that proposal were based the remarks contained in communication from W.S.L., in April, 1824, and was not a proposition originating from the Western Star Lodge. In my communication of 28th August last, I suggested the ex- pediancy of a special agency to close the business, it was the only method I could then devise, but since that time another expedient has occured to me. Let a resolution be adopted by the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania to restore the warrant of W.S.L. until it can complete the collection of the outstanding dues from its members, and take measures against the delinquents by suspension or expulsion according to its bye-laws; and to make its remittances and returns to the Grand Lodge, and upon its being made satisfactory to appear to the R.W. G.M., that the same has been done as far as practicable, that he grant the privilege for the W.S. Lodge, to surrender its charter and retain its jewels, furniture, &c., and be at liberty to unite with such Grand Lodge as it may deem expedient. 30 Freemasonry in Illinois It is evident from the books of the Lodge that a much larger sum is due to it from its members than is sufficient to pay the balance due the Grand Lodge, but no authority is now vested to collect it, and unless it be soon attended to, the dues will be in all probability lost, some of which, I am satisfied, has already become so. I am fully pursuaded that considerable collections can be effected if authorized either by agency or the restoration of the charter. I wish it to be fully imderstood that I feel no disposition to dictate a course for the Grand Lodge, but my solicitude for the adjustment of the aflFairs, in the present deranged and embarrased condition, induces me to offer for the consideration of the Grand Lodge and its officers, such projects as seem to me best cal- culated to bring about the accomplishment of the desired object. The subject is an unfortunate and unpleasant one, and I heartily desire its termination in the most cordial and satisfactory manner, believing as I do that it has not been wantonly sought or intended, but growing solely out of circumstances misunderstood. Fraternally yours, Wm C. Greenup. Nov. 21, 1825 Two letters to the Grand Secretary from C. C. Conway, late W.M, of late Lodge No. 107, Kaskaskia, dated at that place on 28th August and 20, October last respectively were read, explaining the peculiar diffi- culties under which the members of that Lodge laboured in consequence of the vacation of their Warrant and requesting that sucli measures might be adopted by the Grand Lodge as will secure the collection of the sums due by the members of the Lodge individually, and the dis- charge of such as have paid or may pay their arrearages. Whereupon, On Motion and seconded: Resolved, That the Warrant of Lodge No. 107, Kaskaskia, be and it is hereby revived in favour of the officers elected in December 1823. Resolved, That as soon as it shall satisfactorily appear to the R.W. Grand Master that the debts of Lodge No. 107 are collected and remit- tances thereof are made to the Grand Treasurer as far as practicable, he shall be and he is hereby authorized to grant permission to said Lodge to surrender its Warrant, retain its Jewels and Furniture and apply for a new Warrant to the Grand Lodge of Illinois. Grand Lodge of Illinois, January 3, 1826 a petition was received for a new lodge at Kaskaskia. The committee to which this petition was referred have had under consideration a communication from the Worship- ful Master of Western Star Lodge No. 107, together with a petition from a number of Master Masons residing in and near the town of Kaskaskia, praying for letters of dispensation; and beg leave to make tlie following report: Western Star Lodge 31 The object of the communication is, to ask from this Grand Lodge a charter of constitution. It appears from documents in possession of your committee, that T. J. V. Owen, is an officer of Western Star Lodge No. 107; and that he is also recommended as one of the officers of the proposed Lodge. Conceiving it incompatible with the general regulations of our institution, and contrary to the principles inculcated in the book of constitutions, that a Mason should be a member of more than one Lodge at the same time; your committee beg leave to oflFer the following resolution : "Resolved, That the prayer of the petitioners from Kaskaskia pray- ing for a dispensation or charter, ought not to be granted." At the time this petition was filed Western Star Lodge No. 107 was under sentence of suspension by the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania and this was evidently an attempt to preserve their Masonic life by working under a new charter. However, the sentence had been re- moved but the long time required to receive mail (35 days Philadelphia to Kaskaskia) was the reason the information had not been received. Nov. 30, 1826: In pursuance of the power vested in us, by virture of a resolution of the R.W. Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania, adopted on the 21st day of November A.D. 1825, A.L. 5825, we do hereby authorize and empower the W.M. and brethren of Lodge No. 107 to surrender the warrant thereof to us and to apply to the R.W. Grand Lodge of Illinois to hold a Lodge under warrant from that Grand Lodge. At a communication of the Grand Lodge of Illinois, December 3, 1826 a resolution was introduced by Thomas Reynolds: Resolved, That the M.W. Grand Master, when he shall be satisfied that the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania has consented for Western Star Lodge to surrender its warrant, and become a subordinate of the Grand Lodge of Illinois, shall direct a warrant to be issued authorizing such brethren as shall be recommended by Western Star Lodge to be in- stalled as officers and open and hold a Lodge under the authority of the Grand Lodge of Illinois; and that such warrant be issued gratis, except the G. Secretary's fee for making out the same. The resolution was adopted. The next record is : Extra meeting of the Western Star Lodge No. 107. Kaskaskia, Saturday, Jan. 27th, A.D. 1827, A.L. 5827. Present: C. C. Conway, W.M.; L. W. Cooper, S.W.; Th. J. V. Owen, J.W.; and Tyler p.t., and J.D., p.t.; Wm. C. Greenup, Secretary; P. Fouke, Tr. p.t.; Jacob Feaman, S.D.; Shadrach Bond P. Master. John 32 Freemasonry in Illinois Atkins, visiting brother M.M. The Lodge was solemnly opened in the first step of Masonry, according to ancient fonn. No business appearing in the first (degree) of Masonry, it was closed, and a Fellow Crafts Lodge was opened, and no business appear- ing before the Lodge in the Fellow Crafts Lodge, it was closed, and a Master Masons Lodge was opened. The Worshipful Master laid before the Lodge a copy of the resolu- tions of the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania, adopted on the 21st, Novem- ber, A.D. 1825, authorizing the Right Worshipful Grand Master to grant permission to this Lodge to surrender its warrant and procure another under the Right Worshipful Grand Lodge of Illinois, when he shall be satisfied that all practicable collections and payments shall be made, accompanied by the assent of the R.W. Grand Master, bearing date the 30th November last, and a letter from the Grand Secretary of the 10th of December last, which were severally read. On motion of Bro. Wm. C. Greenup, and seconded by Bro. Bond, it was unanimously Resolved, That application be immediately made by the Worshipful Master of this Lodge, to the Right Worshipful Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Illinois, for a warrant or charter under that Grand Lodge, and that when attained, that the present warrant of this Lodge, under the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania be surrendered to the Right Worshipful Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Illinois, with a request that he transmit the same to the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania, and inform that Grand Lodge of the new installation this Lodge. Resolved, That it be recommended to the Right Worshipful Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Ilhnois, that the name of this Lodge be called in the new warrant "The Western Star Lodge." Resolved, As the opinion of this Lodge that the warrant now asked from the Grand Lodge of Illinois, ought to be given gratis, except the Grand Secretaries fees for making out tlie warrant, which this Lodge will cause to be paid at the time of installation. Resolved, That this Lodge will state by ballot at the present meet- ing, suitable members to be named in the new warrant, and recom- mends them to be named as Master and Wardens. Resolved, That a copy of the proceedings of this meeting be made out and certified by the Secretary and transmitted by the Worshipful Master, together with copies of the last communication from the Secre- tary of the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania, to the Right Worshipful Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Illinois. The Lodge then proceeded to the election of ofRcers under the fourth resohition which resulted in the election of Shadrach Bond, Worshipful Master; William C. Greenup, Senior Warden; and Thomas J. V. Owen, Junior Warden. Accompanying these resolutions was the following letter: Western Star Lodge 33 Kaskaskia, Feb. 5th, 1827. Right Worshipful Sir and Brother: You will perceive by the preceeding copies of the minutes of the late special meeting of the Western Star Lodge No. 107, and the copies of the resolutions of the R.W. Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania, the declara- tion of the R.W. Grand Master of that Grand Lodge, and the letter of the Grand Secretary, I am directed to transmit them to you and apply for a new warrant from the R.W. Grand Lodge of Illinois. In November a memorial was transmitted by the Master and Wardens of this Lodge and laid before the R.W. Grand Lodge of Illinois, at the last Grand Communication, requesting a resolution to be passed authorizing the issue of a warrant to this Lodge gratis. Secretaries fees excepted, which resolution was passed as I am informed by a member (by letter) authorizing you to grant the same upon being satisfied that the R.W. Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania consented thereto. That consent we now have, and the foregoing is a true copy. The resolutions of this Lodge contain, as far as occurs to me, the views and desires of the Lodge, except a request of the members ex- pressed to me of having an early installation, and if consistent, as public a manner as the case will pennit. It would afford us particular pleasure if you could find it convenient to be personally present, and that we could have certain previous information of the time, so that some prepa- rations may be made to afford time to invite as many of the craft to be present as circumstances may permit. I shall esteem it a particular favor to receive from you as early as you can find it convenient, an answer containing your determinations. I am with due respect, your obedient servant and brother, R.W. Bro. H. H. Snow. Wm. C. Greenup. The Lodge was consecrated June 24th, 1828. Pursuant to a previous notice to the members to The Western Star Lodge No. 107, by the Rt. Worshipful Tliomas Reynolds, Deputy Grand Master of the Rt. Worshipful Grand Lodge of the State of Illinois, assigning this day for the consecration of the Western Star Lodge, No. , and installing of the officers imder a warrant obtained from the said Rt. Worshipful Grand Lodge, bearing date the 14th day of February, A.L. 5827, A.D. 1827. The following named members and visiting brethren assembled at the Lodge Room at 9 A.M.: Members:— Shadrach Bond P.M. Wm. C. Greenup P.M. Thos. J. V. Owens, M.M. Jesse W. Cooper M.M. Saml, Walker P.M. 34 Freemasonry in Illinois Visiting brethren— Rich'd S. Dorsey M.M. Ed. Roberts P.M. Ferdinand Onger M.M. Hypolite Menard M.M. John Atkins M.M. C. C. Conway P.M. Tho. Reynolds P.M. Jacob Feaman M.M. Wherupon the Lodge was opened in due form, according to ancient custom, in the first step in Masonry. OfRced as follows, to-wit: Shadrach Bond W.M. Wm. C. Greenup S.W. Tho. J. V. Owens, J.W. Sam'l Walker, Secretary, Tho. Reynolds, Treasurer, Jacob Feaman, S.D. Ed. Roberts J.D. C. C. Conway, Tyler. No business appearing in this step, a Fellow Crafts Lodge was opened in due form, and, no business in this step, a Master Mason's Lodge was opened in due form. No business appearing in this step of Masonry, after those who were not Past Masters having retired, a Past Masters' Lodge was opened in due form. Officered as follows, to-wit: William C. Greenup, W.M. pro tem, Edmund Roberts S.W. pro tem, Samuel Walker J.W. pro tem, Shadrach Bond Secy, pro tem, Thomas Reynolds, Treas. pro tem, Clement C. Conway, Tyler pro tem. Whereupon Shadrach Bond, W.M., named in the warrant aforesaid, was duly installed by the Rt. Worshipful Deputy Grand Master as Master of this Lodge, in due form, according to ancient usage. No further busi- ness appearing in tlie Past Masters Lodge, the Past Masters Lodge was closed and a Master Masons Lodge was opened, when the bretliren above named who were not Past Masters were again admitted and whereupon William C. Greenup was duly installed Senior Warden, and Thomas J. V. Owens, Junior Warden, of this Lodge in due form. The Worshipful Master was pleased to appoint Jesse W. Cooper, Secretary, and Samuel Walker, Treasurer, and Clement C. Conway, Tyler, of this Lodge, and Jacob Feaman, Senior Deacon pro tem, and Hypolite Menard, Junior Deacon pro tem, who severally took their places and stations accordingly. Whereupon the Lodge walked in procession from the Lodge Room to Brother Fredrick Holden's and partook of some refreshment, and at High meridian returned again in like order to the COURT HOUSE AND LODGE, when they were joined by the following named visiting brethren: Western Star Lodge 35 Joseph Grafton P.M. Richard M. Young, P.M. Samuel Smith, P.M., John Oaklass M.M., James Clark, M.M. Geo. E. Jackson, M.M. The Lodge was then consecrated and the officers installed by the Rt. ^^'orshipfuI Grand Master in due form. An appropriate address was delivered by Brother Richard M. Young, in presence of the Lodge and a respectable audience of citizens, after which the Lodge walked in procession to Brother Fredrick Holden's and partook of a dinner and other refreshments, and then returned in like order to the Lodge Room. The Lodge was then closed in due order and harmony at 4 p.m. Shadrach Bond Jesse W. Cooper W.M. Secretary'. The last reference to tliis lodge is in a letter dated at Kaskaskia April 10, 1829. Sir: The Grand Lodge of Illinois having granted a warrant to the mem- bers of Western Star Lodge No. 107 formerly held under the Grand Lodge of Pa., and the Lodge having been installed on the 24th June last, I herewith enclose you the warrant for Lodge No. 107. There is due to the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania from No. 107 the sum of $25.00. The funds to meet it are notes of the State Bank of Illinois which are at a discount of 37, 1/3 per cent. Should the Grand Lodge agree to take that kind of funds (for there is no other) I can transmit it, if not I cannot say when the paper will be at par. Fraternally, The Right W.G.M. Your Obd Servant Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania. C. C. Conway WM Western Star Lodge No. 107. Thus ended an existence of nearly a quarter of a century by the pioneer lodge of Illinois. The records of organization are complete with the exception of where the meetings were held. It is commonly belie\'ed that the lodge held its first meeting in the two story brick building erected in 1792. Brother John C. Smith, Past Grand Master, whose wife was a native of Kaskaskia, said it was the first brick build- ing in the Mississippi valley. The bricks were 9 by 4 by 3^2 inches in size. Some writers claim this building was stone but Brother Smith said he had one of the bricks which he took from the ruins of the building. This building was the meeting place of the Territory and 36 Freemasonry in Illinois afterwards of the State Legislature. The Supreme Court also used it and after the state capitol was removed to Vandalia it was the court house of Randolph County until 1848. During its last years there was a grocery and dry goods store in the first floor while the second story was a residence. The lodge met at the houses of some of the members. In 1812 it was at the stone house of W. C. Greenup, for a time with Michael Jones and in 1816 with Enoch Paine. In 1826 the return showed fifty-five members, however, many of these members had moved away and their addresses were unknown. The faithful few upheld the banner of Masonry until the last. St. John's Day was always celebrated with the installation of officers, a dinner and an oration. From the primitive conditions under which the lodge labored it is evident that the rule of seven to constitute a lodge was either unknown or ignored. There are many records where meetings were held by four or five, business transacted and candidates raised. Local rules were neglected but the fundamental principles of Ma- sonry prevailed; the destitute brother was helped and the appeal of the widow was not unheard. The history of Western Star Lodge is, in a measure, the history of the state. On the roll of membership were the names of the first Gov- ernor, two United States Senators, one Secretary of State, two Supreme Court Justices, four state senators, twelve representatives besides several state and national appointive officers. One member was Terri- torial Delegate from Missouri and the second Attorney General of that state. Another was Territorial Governor and afterwards United States Senator from Wisconsin. The removal of the state capitol to Vandalia and the encroachments of the river brought the lodge to its end. With its light extinguished, its altar overturned and its doors closed it yet remains the bright ex- ample to encourage us of today to continue under all conditions and carry aloft the torch of Masonry that fell so many years ago from other hands. The faithful few continued to hold meetings but the end was in sight. December 20, 1828. Only three were present. A resolution was introduced by Brother Greenup which reads: Whereas, The Grand Lodge of lUinois has not convened in the years A.D. 1827 and 1828 A.L. 5827 and 5828, And that Western Star Lodge No. 1, held at Kaskaskia, under a warrant from said Grand Lodge, was Desk of Sliadracli Boiul and gavel used by Western Star Lodge. Both used by Chester Lodge No. 72. Western Star Lodse 37 duly installed on the 24th day of June last, and no intelligence having reached the Western Star Lodge that any report of that installation has been made according to usual custom, and approved or disapproved by said Grand Lodge and therefore Resolved, By the Western Star Lodge No. ( 1 ) in this their ad- journed stated meeting, until a report of their installation and approba- tion of the same shall be communicated to them by the Grand Lodge aforesaid, that all meetings of the same after the 27th inst, be and the same are hereby postponed. However, no action was taken on the date specified in the resolu- tion but on February 7, 1829 another resolution was adopted, reading: Resolved, That the resolution proposed for adoption at an adjourned meeting of this Lodge, on the 20th of December last, be now adopted to take effect from and after this meeting. This was the last meeting of Western Star Lodge. Other lodges continued to exist for a time in a feeble way, but the hfe was gone from Masonry for several years. During its existence up to December, 1820 the lodge had 125 mem- bers registered; also 100 visitors attended one or more meetings. MASTERS OF WESTERN STAR LODGE No. 107 Name James Edgar U.D, James Edgar Michael Jones Michael Jones Robert Robinson James Gilbreath James Gilbreath George Fisher William C. Greenup James Kinney W. C. Greenup Phillip Fouke Michael Jones Michael Jones W. C. Greenup W. C. Greenup Michael Jones Michael Jones Installed Sept. 24, 1805 June 24, 1806 June 24, 1807 Dec. 27, 1807 June 24, 1808 Dec. 27, 1808 June 24, 1809 Dec. 27, 1809 June 24, 1810 Dec. 27, 1810 June 24, 1811 Dec. 27, 1811 June 24, 1812 Dec. 27, 1812 June 24, 1813 Dec. 27, 1813 June 24, 1814 Dec. 27, 1814 Name Shadrach Bond Shadrach Bond Phillip Fouke Michael Jones No election in Samuel Walker Shadrach Bond Edmund Roberts Phillip Fouke W. C. Greenup W. C. Greenup C. C. Conway C. C. Conway C. C. Conway Shadrach Bond Shadrach Bond Shadrach Bond Installed June 24, 1815 Dec. 24, 1815 June 24, 1816 Dec. 27, 1816 1817 June Dec. 27, 1817 Dec. 27, 1818 Dec. 27, 1819 Dec. 27, 1820 Dec. 27, 1821 Dec. 27, 1822 Dec. 27, 1823 Dec. 27, 1824 Dec. 27, 1825 Dec. 27, 1826 Dec. 27, 1827 Dec. 27, 1828 The early masters were elected for a six months' term; beginning with 1817 the term was extended to twelve months. Chapter 4 OTHER EARLY LODGES Lawrence Lodge No. 34 The Kentucky record reads: Sep. 2, 1815:- A petition from a number of brethren, residing in or near Shawnee- town, Illinois Territory, principally members of Jerusalem Lodge No. 9, praying that a charter or letters of Dispensation be granted them, author- izing them to work together as a regular lodge of Masons was received and read; whereupon, Ordered, that a dispensation issue for a lodge to be held in Shawneetown, Illinois Territory, to be known by the name and title of Lawrence Lodge, and that Meredith W. Fisher be the master, William C. Vaught, Senior Warden and Benjamin Talbot, Junior Warden. Aug. 28, 1816:- Ordered, that a charter issue, authorizing a lodge to be held at Shawnee Town, Territory of Illinois, to be known by the name of Law- rence Lodge No. 34; and that John Caldwell be the first Master, Wm. C. Vaught, first Senior Warden and Wilham E. Ashby, first Junior Warden. Return of Lawrence Lodge, held under Dispensation at Shawnee Town, Illinois Territory, from May 1816 to August 1816, Officers Meredith W. Fisher, Master, William C. Vaught, Senior Warden Benjamin Talbot, Junior Warden John Hull, Secretary John Caldwell, Treasurer James Latham, Senior Deacon Thomas Shannon, Junior Deacon James Blue, Steward Leonard White, Tyler Master Masons David Apperson Leonard White Nathan Sloe Harrison Wilson Josiah Ramsey Thomas C. Brown Henry Oldham James Ratcliffe John Marshall William R. Ashby 38 Other Early Lodges 39 Walter White Nathan Sloe James Blue David Apperson John Marshall Entered Apprentices William Harding Initiated May 13th, 5816 Walter White May 16th 5816 " Josiah Ramsey " " Henry Oldham " Wilham Harding David Apperson David Apperson Nathan Sloe Josiah Ramsey James Blue Henry Oldham John Marshall Passed Nathan Sloe May 16th, 5816 James Blue May 20th, 5816 Josiah Ramsey Henry Oldham John Marshall June 1st, Raised May 16th, 5816 June 1st, 5816 June 17th, 5816 John Caldwell Leonard White Thomas Shannon Harrison Wilson Thomas C. Browne Admitted M. M's. May 16th, 5816 Ephraim Sellers Rejected July 26th, 5816 There were no returns for the years 1818, 1819, 1820. The return for Aug. 1816 to Aug. 1821 show stated meetings — 1st Monday. James Hall, Master Harrison Wilson, Senior Warden James Marshall, Junior Warden William T. Shepard, Secretary Russel F. Wilson, treasurer William Hardin, Senior Deacon Thomas C. Browne, Junior Deacon 40 Freemasonry in Illinois Past Masters James Hall Thomas Shannon Meredith W. Fisher John Caldwell Wm. C. Vaught Sergeant Hall. The 1822, Aug. return shows the same officers except Robert Martin, Senior Deacon and Morrison D. Wilcox, Junior Deacon. It also shows "No steward or tyler." Aug 1824 past masters Meredith W. Fisher and William C. Vaught are not listed. Aug. 1824:- Your committee on the Examination of Returns, have also had before them a letter from W.M. of Lawrence Lodge No. 34, to the Grand Secre- tary, enclosing the dues for the years 1823 and 1824, Stating the reasons why the returns for those years have not been made, which letter we beg leave to lay before the Grand Lodge, as part of our report. On motion of brother Daniel Radford : Resolved, that the explanation of Lawrence Lodge No. 34, for its delinquincy last year, is satisfactory to this Grand Lodge, and the said Lodge stands fully acquitted of neglect of duty. The return for 1824 shows several diff^erent officers: — Thomas L. Pasey, Master William Siddall, Senior Warden Robert Enders, Junior Warden Calvin Gold, Secretary John Marshall, Treasurer William Hardin, Sr. Deacon Arnold B. Dake, Jr. Deacon Harrison Wilson, Tyler, (no return of past masters, members or initiations.) No further record is found in the Kentucky proceedings, as this lodge became a member of the Grand Lodge of Ilhnois in 1824. Libanus Lodge No. 29 Proceedings of Grand Lodge of Tennessee, 1819. The M.W. Grand Master reported that since the last Grand Annual Communication he had issued a dispensation to sundry brethren residing at or near Edwardsville, Illinois, by the name of Libanus Lodge No. 29. Ordered that a charter issue to Libanus Lodge No. 29, upon receipt of their proceedings, provided it shall appear to the satisfaction of the M.W. Grand Master that their work has been in conformity with the principles of Masonry. The charter was issued Oct. 6, 1820. Other Early Lodges 41 Proceedings of Grand Lodge of Missouri, 1822, page 59. Whereas, It has been made known to some members of this Grand Lodge, that a member of Mount Libanus Lodge No. 29, at Edwards- ville, State of lUinois, has been guilty of conduct grossly immoral and immasonic, and whereas, it is believed, the proceedings had in his case, have been irregular, and whereas, it is understood, that said lodge is not in the habit of corresponding with the Grand Lodge under which it works, Resolved, That a committee be appointed to enquire into the facts and proceedings aforesaid, and report to the Grand Lodge, at its next Semi- Annual Communication. The proceedings of the semi-annual mentioned above contain no reference to this resolution. In the Illinois proceedings for December 7, 1824 appears the fol- lowing: Resolved, That Jacob C. Brunner, who has been expelled by Libanus Lodge, be restored to his membership in the same, and to the privileges of Masonry, but that nothing herein contained shall be so construed as to prevent the said Lodge from again proceeding to the trial of the charges exhibited against him. This was laid on the table and the next day the question was taken up when it was: Resolved, That as Libanus Lodge is working under the Grand Lodge of Tennessee, this Grand Lodge can take no cognizance of said petition. In 1887 the printed by-laws of this lodge, together with the treas- urer's book, the original account book, a number of receipts, etc. were found in the effects of Mrs. John Guy, a widow 87 years of age, living in Carlinville. She was a sister of Alexander Miller, Treasurer, 1823-24. The bills were signed by John Todd, Worshipful Master; James D. Henry, Senior Warden; D. Prickett, Junior Warden; Alexander Miller, Treasurer and I. G. A. McKinney, Secretary. The Treasurer's book is a home-made afiFair but splendidly executed, both as to penmanship and arrangement, and is excellently preserved. It contains the follow- ing entries : CR. 1823, July 1, By one hundred and tuenty-three dollars of the paper of the S.B. of Illinois, received from David Prickett, Secretary as per receipt bearing this date $123.00 42 Freemasonry in Illinois DR. 1823 July 1. To this sum paid to the W.M'S order in favor of Bro. John Diamond S.P. $5.00 July 5. To this sum paid am't of Bro. A. Prickett's acc't dated the 3rd inst, per order of W.M. S.P. $18. Aug. 8, To this sum state paper paid Bro. Byron Patterson, the am't dated the 3rd inst. per order of W.M. S.P. $18.00 Aug. 24, This sum state paper paid on acc't of the W.M'S order in favor of Charles Stoker for $15. it being all the money in the treasury. $40.00 $123.00 Alex'r Miller treas'r. CR 1824, April 16. By eleven 50-100 dollars of Illinois State paper, from I. G. A. McKinney, Secretary, as per cer't of the present date $11.50 The value of state paper in those days is shown by the tyler's bill, which was for $27.00 but it took $60.00 of state paper to settle it. These papers were sent to Edwards ville Lodge No. 99 in whose possession they now are. This lodge recommended the petitions of Olive Branch, Sangamo and Vandalia Lodges to the Grand Lodge of Missouri. It started the movement to organize the Grand Lodge by its letter to Western Star Lodge. It is not known how long it lasted. It sent six members to par- ticipate in the organization of the Grand Lodge and was represented at every session after its organization. Temple Lodge No. 35 Proceedings of Grand Lodge of Tennessee, 1820: The Grand Secretary reported that on the 28th of June 1820, a dispensation was granted to Bros. David Blackwell of Solomon's lodge no. 5, Ky and others to open a nevs^ lodge in the town of Belleville, Illi- nois, by the name of Temple Lodge No. 35. Aug. 5, 1820 Temple Lodge No. 35 was opened in form with eight brethren present, among them being Charles Marini of St. John's Lodge No. 7, Ancona, Italy, a visitor. Oct. 1, 1821 The Grand Secretary reports, that Temple Lodge No. 35 surrendered its dispensation without working under it. Reason, not known. Other Early Lodges 43 Olive Branch Lodge No. 5 June 2, 1821 a number of brethren residing at Alton prepared a petition for a lodge at that town and submitted it to Libanus Lodge for its recommendation. The petition reads: To the Most Worshipful Grand Nhister of the Grand Lodge of the State of Missouri: The petitioners hereof humhly show that they arc Ancient, Free, and Accepted Master Nhisons. Having the prosperity of the Fraternity at heart, they are willing to exert their best endeavors to promote and diffuse the genuine principles of Freemasonry. For the convenience of their respective dwellings, and for other good reasons, they are desirous of forming a new lodge in the town of Alton, county of Madison, and State of Illinois, to be named Olive Branch Lodge No. — , in consequence of this desire, and the good of the Craft, they pray for a dispensation empowering them to assemble as a legal Lodge, to discharge the duties of Freemasonry in the several degrees of Entered Apprentice, Fellow Craft and Master Mason in a regular and constitutional manner, according to the ancient forms of the Fraternity and the laws and regulations of your Grand Lodge. That they have nominated and do recommend Erastus Brown to be the first Master, Hezekiah H. Gear to be the first Senior Warden; and Henry H. Snow to be the first Junior Warden of said Lodge; that if the prayer of the petition should be granted, they promise a strict con- fonnity to all the constitutional laws, rules, and regulations of the Grand Lodge and that if the proceedings of their lodge shall meet the appro- bation of the said Grand Lodge, at the next regular meeting of that Most Worshipful body, they, your petitioners, will apply for a charter or warrant. And as in duty bound will ever pray. State of lUinois, Madison County, June 2, 182L The petition was signed by Erastus Brovvn, Master Mason, Chad. Brown, Master Mason, Henry H. Snow, Master Mason, Nelson Aldrich, Master Mason, Joel Finch, Master Mason, Daniel Mauross, Master Mason, Hezekiah H. Gear. The recommendation of Libanus Lodge reads: To the Most Worshipful Grand Master of the Most Worshipful Grand Lodge of the State of Missouri — Showeth: That this petition has for a long time been under consideration of Mount Libanus Lodge, opened and held at Edwardsville, Illinois; that said Lodge have made all and every necessary inquiries respecting the qualifications and respectability of the petitioners, as also the locality of the place petitioned for; and, after calling a vote on the subject it was carried in favor of the petition being granted unanimously. attest. Nicholas Hanson, Sec'y of s'd lodge. Edwardsville 19th September, 1821. 44 Freemasonry in Illinois The dispensation reads: SIT LUX ET LUX FUIT. By the Most Worshipful Nathaniel B. Tucker, Grand Master. To all and every our Right Worshipful and loving brethren greeting: Know ye, that the Most Worshipful Nathaniel B. Tucker, Grand Master, at the humble petition of our Right Worshipful and well be- loved brothers, Erastus Brown, Hazekiah H. Gear, Henry H. Snow, and several other brethren residing at and near the town of Alton, Madison county, State of Illinois, of the Ancient and Honorable Frater- nity of York Masons, and for certain other reasons moving our Worship- ful Grand Master, do hereby constitute the said brethren into a regular Lodge of Free and Accepted Masons, to be opened in the Town of Alton, by the name of Olive Branch Lodge No. 5. At their said request and of the great trust and confidence reposed in every of the said brethren, the Most Worshipful Grand Master doth hereby appoint Bro. Erastus Brown, Worshipful Master, Bro. Hezekiah H. Gear, Senior Warden and Bro. Henry H. Snow, Junior Warden for opening — the said Lodge and gov- erning the same. It is required of our friend and brother the Worshipful Erastus Brown, to take special care that all and every of the said brethren of your Lodge, as well those hereafter to be admitted, into our body by your Lodge regularly made Masons; and that they do observe, perform, and keep all the rules and orders contained in our book of Constitutions, and the ancient landmarks be strictly attended to; and furtlier, that you cause to be entered in a book kept for tliat purpose, an account of your proceedings; which, when done you are required to transmit herewith to the Grand — Master ( with a list of those initiated, passed and raised, or otherwise managed) at our next Grand Semi-Annual Communication. Given at St. Louis under the hand seal of the Most Worshipful Grand Master, this 30th day of October, A.L. 5821 and A.D. 1821. N. B. Tucker, G.M. Wm Renshaw, G. Secy. Resolved, That the act of the M.W. G. Master, in granting a letter of Dispensation to Olive Branch Lodge, No. 5, is approved by this Grand Lodge. The record was received and referred to the committee on Pro- ceedings and Work of lodges under dispensation. The committee report reads: That they have had under consideration the work and proceedings of Olive Branch No. 5, and after a careful examination of the same, your committee find that the records of said lodge have not been kept with the exact regularity and precision which is desirable in all lodges, but they do not find any essential error, or departure from the ancient usages of the order. Other Early Lodges 45 Resolved, That a Charter of Constitution be granted to the mem- bers of Olive Branch Lodge No. 5, according to the prayer of the petition, The charter was issued accordingly. Proceedings of Grand Lodge of Missouri, October 8, 1822: Brother Geo. H. C. Melody, who had been deputed to install the officers of Olive Branch Lodge No. 5, presented his report on that sub- ject, which was read and adopted. Committees were appointed by the Grand Lodge to sohcit sub- scriptions for the purpose of erecting a Masonic Hall in St. Louis. The report of the committee from Olive Branch Lodge reads: The undersigned, who by a resolution of the Most Worshipful Grand Lodge, adopted at the last Grand Semi-Annual Communication, was constituted a committee to procure subscriptions and donations for the purpose of erecting a Masonic Hall in the to-wn of St. Louis, beg leave to report, that they have attended to the duty assigned them, as far as practicable, but have not been able to obtain anything for the contem- plated object; which is respectfully submitted. II. 11. Snow Nelson Aldrich. Proceedings of Grand Lodge of Missouri, October 9, 1822: The committee to whom was referred the Proceedings of Olive Branch Lodge No. 5, beg leave to report, that they have carefully ex- amined the By-laws of said lodge, as well as proceedings, and find nothing therein contained contrary to the Constitution of the Grand Lodge, or the ancient land-marks of Masonry. Your committee beg leave to offer the following resolutions, viz. Resolved, That this Grand Lodge approve of the Proceedings of Olive Branch Lodge No. 5. The first meeting was held November 7, 1821. J. W. Whitney, a Fellowcraft petitioned to receive the third degree. November 8. A committee on by-laws reported. One section was amended by striking out six as the hour of meeting and substituting "four of the clock." The first election was held in May and the by-laws provided that "forever after that, semi-annually, in the months of May and Sep." Visitors were required to pay twenty-five cents after the first visit "in any one year." The Tyler was paid fifty cents per meeting and he was permitted to collect twenty-five cents for his own use from every candidate initiated, passed or raised and from every brother who affiliates. Entered Apprentices had to wait three months 46 Freemasonry in Illinois before being passed, Fellowcrafts had to wait two months. Pro- vided, that a brother who became thoroughly acquainted with all the informa- tion belonging to his degree, he might, at the discretion of the lodge, be advanced in less time. Every candidate was presented with an apron and a copy of the by-laws. On January 10, 1823 a resolution to prohibit smoking in the Lodge was introduced and laid over until the next regular meeting. On Feb- ruary 14 said resolution "was negatived." Olive Branch Lodge No. 5, Upper Alton, for 1823, the officers were: Nelson Aldrich, Worshipful Master; Emmanuel J. West, Senior War- den; Southard Shaw, Junior Warden; Henry P. Rundle, Treasurer; Alexander Hart, Secretary; Benjamin Spencer, Senior Deacon; Ben- jamin Harwood, Junior Deacon; Culver Woodburn, Steward; William Heath, Tyler. In 1822 a contract for rent of hall was made at "twelve dollars per annum in specie, or thirty dollars in State paper." The lodge sent three delegates to the convention that organized the Grand Lodge. In 1824 it was represented by David Coons. That year the return of the lodge showed twenty-five members, being the largest membership of any lodge shown. On January 6, 1826 the committee on reports of subordinate lodges reported that the returns of Olive Branch Lodge had been received and appeared satisfactory so far as a disposition to conform to our regulations and the rules of Masonry were manifest. At the same meeting of the Grand Lodge we note the following: Resolved, That this Grand Lodge disapproves of a resolution adopted in Olive Branch Lodge No. 5 on the day of their last election, allowing visiting brethren to vote in said election. Nothing has been found to show when the lodge severed its con- nection with the Grand Lodge of Missouri. Neither is there anything to show when it ceased to exist. There are a few records of minor transactions as late as October 14, 1826. To show the difficulties under which some lodges labored: Rev. J. M. Peck said that in 1828 there were 32 families with 132 members in "lower Alton." Six years later there were 2,500 inhabitants. HirajuXodge No. 8 The origin of this lodge is a mystery. Every Grand Lodge in exist- ence in 1824 has been contacted and none of them has any record of Other Early Lodges 47 such a lodge. Evidently the Grand Lodge issued that charter in 1823 but all records for that year were burned when the State House was destroyed December 9th. The first record of it is when Richard J. Ham- ilton, Worshipful Master was registered as a delegate to the Grand Lodge in 1824. That year the return showed twenty-four members. This is the only year that the lodge was officially represented. The com- mittee on returns of lodges in 1S26 reported that the returns from Hiram Lodge No. 8 were satisfactory. January 1, 1827 Richard J. Hamilton was reported as a visitor. Hamilton was Master of Union Lodge No. 10 in 1822. The onl>' other known member of this lodge was Joseph Duncan^ the father of the free school s\stem and several years a member of the legislature. In 1834 he was elected governor and served four years. He was bom in Paris, Kentucky, on August 31, 1 795 and died at Spring- field on March 25, 1846^ The lodge was supposed to have been located at BrownsWlle, the first county seat of Jackson County. It was situated on the north bank of the Big Muddy ri\er about five miles west of Murphysboro. In 1834 it was said to have a population of between four hundred and five hundred people. The court house burned on January 10, 1843 and because many people had settled around the immediate territory, there was a demand for a more centrally located county seat. Doctor Logan, father of General John A. Loean, offered twenty acres of his farm as a site for the court house. His offer was accepted and in a few years all trace of Brownsville was gone. Albion Lodge No. 9 The first mention of this lodge reads: Vincenncs Lodge Xo. 1, March 1st, A.L. 5822, A.D. 1822. This being a called Lodge by order of the W. Master, for the pur- pose of taking into consideration a petition from a number of brothers residing in and near Albion, in Edwards county, Ilh'nois, and after having properly examined Brothers Jas. O. \\'attlcs and A. B. Dake, who at- tended with said petition, and finding them well skilled, and they having vouched for the remainder of the signers; On motion. Resolved, That this Lodge do recommend the brothers named in the vdthin petition to the Most Worshipful the Grand Lodge of Indiana, agreeably to the prayer of the petition. I, Elihu Stout, Secretary of Vincennes Lodge No. 1, do hereby certif>' the above to be a true copy of the proceedings of said Lodge on said petition. 48 Freemasonry in Illinois In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and affixed the seal of Vincennes Lodge No. 1 this 2nd day of March, A.L. 5822, A.D. 1822. E. Stout, Sec'y V. L. The petition was endorsed "Albion Lodge, 12th March, 1822. Re- ceived $5.00 Lawrenceburgh paper," and was accompanied by the following letter: Vincennes, 5th March, 1822. Dear Sir:— At the request of Judge Wattles, I forward you the petition of a number of the brethren residing in Albion, Illinois, and recommended by the Vincennes Lodge No. 1. They are desirous of having a letter of dispensation forwarded to me immediately, unless some business might induce you to visit this section of country. The officers mentioned in the petition are very expert workmen, and their prospects of success quite flattering. I was not properly aware of the amount of funds necessary to accompany the petition, but believing it to be five dollars, they left that sum in my hands, which I now enclose to you. Please forward the dispensation without delay, as they have a room prepared, and are very anxious to be installed as soon as possible. James T. Moffatt. P.S. Be so good as to advise me of any arrangements which arc or may be made for the organization of a Grand Chapter in this state. With respect, your fraternally, James T. Moffatt. The dispensation was issued on March 12, 1822: To the Most Worshipful Grand Lodge of Indiana: A dispensation from the Most Worshipful John Sheets, Esq. Grand Master, was granted on March 12th, 1822, to a number of petitioners residing in Albion, Illinois, authorizing them to open and hold a Lodge of Free and Accepted Ancient York Masons at Albion, to be known and designated by the name of Albion Lodge, and naming Bro. James O. Wattles, Master; John B. Johnson, Senior Warden; and Arnold B. Dake, Junior Warden, which being enclosed to me, with direction to organize the Lodge, I proceeded on the 13th of April to install the officers named in the dispensation, with the other subordinate officers which had been chosen for that purpose. The good effect produced by the solemnities of a public installation were so visible in the vicinity of Carlisle Lodge, (Ind. ) that the brethren of Albion were very desirous to have their's in public. As it was only a dispensation, I had some doubts as to propriety of the measure, but upon consulting with the brethren of this place, we concluded there would be no impropriety in it. Mr. Twigg, the brother appointed by the Albion Lodge to attend the Grand Lodge with the Other Early Lodges 49 dispensation and a copy of the proceedings of the Lodge, will be able to give any information that may be thought necessary as to the installation. Respectfully, James T. MofFatt. Note— as these are the only returns I have ever made, you will please to excuse informality, and should they not be sufficiently explicit, you will give me notice of the same. Vinccnnes, Sept. 30, 1822. Dear Sir— The bearer of this, Mr. Tvvigg, is a member of Albion Lodge, has a copy of proceedings, and wishes to get their dispensation renewed. Anything you can do for him will be reciprocated by your friend. J. T. Moffatt. Grand Lodge of Illinois committee report, 1824: The committee to whom was referred the examination of credentials, report that the credentials of all the Lodges represented here are in form, with the exception of Albion Lodge, which has appointed dele- gates instead of their being appointed by the officers of the Lodge as proxies, your committee, therefore, beg leave to introduce the follow- ing resolution: Resolved, That the delegates from Albion Lodge be allowed to take their seats in this Grand Lodge. James O. Wattles was elected Grand Treasurer in 1824 and again in January 1826. The lodge did not prosper during its latter days. On December 12, 1826 a statement regarding the lodge was presented by Brother George Webb, Senior Warden, which resulted in the following action: Resolved, That Bro. Henr>' L Mills take charge of the furniture of Albion Lodge; that the Secretary of said Lodge is required to deliver all records and papers into his hands, and he is hereby authorized to settle with the former Treasurer, and collect all moneys due said Lodge, and pay them over to the order of the M.W. G. Master. Resolved, That the operations of Albion Lodge No. 9, be, and they are hereby suspended. The return for 1822 shows the following officers: James O. Wattles, M. John B. Johnson S.W. Jesse B. Brown J.W. John M. Robinson Secy. Henry I. Mills, Treas, William A. Crowell S.D. David Dundas J.D. Henry Bowman Ty. 50 Freemasonry in Illinois Ten candidates were raised. In 1823 four were raised, four dimit- ted and one dismissed. The return for 1824 showed twenty-two mem- bers. Sangamo Lodge No. 9 On April 4, 1822 the following petition was sent to Libanus Lodge No. 29: To the Worshipful Grand Master, Deputy Grand Master, Grand Wardens, and brethren of the Grand Lodge of Free and Accepted Ma- sons of the State of Missouri: Your petitioners respectfully beg leave to represent that they are Free and Accepted Master Masons, that they have been members of regular Lodges, and having the prosperity of the Fraternity at heart, are willing to exert their best endeavors to promote and diffuse the genuine principles of Masonry. That for the conveniency of their respective dwellings, and for other good reasons, are desirous of forming a new Lodge in the town of Springfield, county of Sangamon, and State of Illinois, to be called Sangamo Lodge No. — ; and that in consequence of this desire, they pray for letters of dispensation from your honorable body (there being no Grand Lodge in the State of Illinois), to empower them to assemble as a legal Lodge, to discharge the duties of Masonry in a regular and constitutional manner, according to the original fomis of the Order, and the regulations of your Grand Lodge. That they have nominated Stephen Stillman to be the first Master; Gershom Jayne to be the first Senior Warden, and John Moore to be the first Junior Warden of the said Lodge. That if the prayer of your petitioners should be granted, they promise a strict confonnity to all the constitutional laws and regula- tions of the Grand Lodge. Jas. Latham Stephen Phelps Stephen S'illman Gershom Jayne Thos. Constant Charles Wright Oramel Clark John Moore. Libanus Lodge No. 29, April 4th, 1822, A.L. 5822. The within petition from sundry brother Masons of Sangamon County, praying to be recommended by this Lodge to the Grand Lodge of Missouri for letters of dispensation, was presented and read, and each petitioner being properly vouched for, it is ordered that this Lodge do recommend said petitioners as prayed for. John Todd, Secretary A true copy of record. John Y. Sawyer, Master John Todd, Secretary. Other Early Lodges 51 On April 5 the following dispensation was issued: SIT LUX ET LUX FUIT. By the Most \\'orshipful Nathaniel B. Tucker, Grand Master. To all and e\en', our right Worshipful and Loving Brethren — Greeting: Know ye, that the Most Worshipful Nathaniel B. Tucker, Grand Master, at the humble petition of our Right Worshipful and well beloved brethren, Stephen StiUman, Gershom Jayne, John Moore and several others residing at and near the town of Springfield, county of Sangamon, State of lUinois, of the Ancient and Honorable Fraternity of York Masons, and for certain other reasons moving our Worshipful Grand Master do hereby constitute the said brothers into a regular Lodge of Free and Accepted Masons to be opened in the town of Springfield, by the name of Sangamo No. 9. At their said request and of the great trust and confi- dence reposed in every of the said brethren, the Most Worshipful Grand Master doth hereby appoint Bro. Stephen Stillman Master, Bro. Gershom Jayne Senior Warden, and Bro. John Moore, Junior Warden, for opening the said Lodge and governing the same. It is required of our friend and brotlier, the W'orshipful Stephen Stillman, to take special care that all and every of the said brethren of your Lodge, as well as those hereafter to be admitted into our body by your Lodge, be regularly made Masons, and that they do observe, perform, and keep all the rules and orders contained in the Book of Constitutions, and the ancient landmarks be attended to; and further, that you cause to be entered in a book kept for that purpose, an account of your proceedings, which when done, you are required to transmit herewith to the Grand Master (with a list of those initiated, passed and raised, or otherwise managed), at our next Grand Annual Communication. Given at St. Louis, under the hand and seal of the Most Worshipful Grand Master, this 5th day of April A.L. 5822, A.D. 1822. Th Douglas D.G.M. and G.M. pro tern, attest Wm. Renshaw, G. Sec'y- The first meeting was held on August 31, A.L. 5822: Lodge met pursuant to notice being given, at the lodge-room in Springfield. Brethren present: Stephen Stillman, W.M.; Gershom Jayne, S.W.; John Moore, J.W.; Moses Broadwell, Treas.; James C. Stephenson, Secy.; Oramel Clark, S. D.; Thomas Constant, J.D. Lodge opened on the first degree of Masonry in due form; no busi- ness before this. Lodge closed, and that of a fellow craft opened; no business being presented, the Lodge closed, and that of a Master Mason opened. A form of by-laws was presented, which were adopted and signed by the brethren. Moved and seconded that Brother John Moore furnish three small 52 Freemasonry in Illinois stand tables, pedestals, rods, &c., for the use of the Lodge. No further business being before the Lodge, it was closed in harmony. James C. Stephenson, Secretary. Stephen Stillman, W.M. These minutes were sent to the Grand Lodge accompanied by the following letter: To the Grand Lodge of Ancient, Free, and Accepted Masons of the State of Missouri: The Sangamon Lodge, through their Secretary, most respectfully report that on the 31st day of August, A.D. 1822, A.L. 5822, the Lodge convened agreeable to previous notice, at Springfield, and formed their by-laws, rules and regulations for the government and conduct of the said Lodge, which are herewith transmitted for the examination and appro- bation of your ancient and honorable body. Your brethren at Sangamon most respectfully offer an extenuation of their apparent paralytic feelings for the advancement of Masonry, the following excuses, viz: 1st. Springfield being in its infancy, there was no convenient and safe place for them to convene. 2nd. Our Worshipful Master, S. Stillman, undertook to erect a build- ing that would temporarily answer our purpose, but the wet season kept the Sangamon river high until a late period, which embarrassed his pro- ceeding so as to enable them to commence work until the sickly season came on, since which the necessary absence of some, and sickness of others, has rendered it out of our power, with one exception, to convene the requisite number to transact business. Your brethren at Sangamon feel desirous to obtain a charter, and humbly ask your honorable body to look on their past neglect, as not wholly faults wilfully resting in them, but with so many grains of allow- ance as to authorize your feelings to grant us a charter, which we deem essential in this place for the advancement of Freemasonry and the good of mankind; and in case your honorable body cannot grant us a charter we respectfully ask a renewal of our dispensation. By order of the W.M., Wardens, and brethren. James C. Stephenson, Secretary. The by-laws accompanied the letter; also $15.68 and $3 state paper equal to $1.50. The regular meetings were on Saturday preceding the full moon in each month at two o'clock P.M. unless the full moon came on Saturday, in which case the Lodge was to meet on that day. The fee for each degree was five dollars. Investigating committees were required to report in writing. Candidates were required to be examined in open Lodge before advancement. Each member was re- quired to pay twenty-five cents at every meeting. No member was permitted to vote at election of ofiicers who had not "paid all dues, fines, and arrearages." Other Early Lodges 53 Other by-laws similar to those now in use. ( Proceedings of Grand Lodge of Missouri, October 9, 1822 ) : The committee to whom was referred the By-Laws and Proceedings of Sangamo Lodge No. 9, have examined the same, and beg leave to report, that they find the By-Laws and Proceedings of said lodge in strict conformity with the Constitution and By-Laws of this Grand Lodge, but perceive the said lodge unintentially omitted to require a certificate of the good standing of brothers applying for membership in this lodge. Your committee beg leave to recommend the following resolution, viz; Resolved, That it be recommended to Sangamo Lodge No. 9, so to amend their By-Laws as to require a certificate of good standing (with the lodges of which the applicant was last a member), of any brother applying for membership. Resolved, That the Grand Lodge approve of the Work and Pro- ceedings of Sangamo Lodge No. 9. Resolved, That a Charter issue to said lodge. Then followed the constitution of the lodge and the installation of officers : Pursuant to a charter granted by the Grand Lodge of Missouri, and by authority of the Deputy Grand Master (the Grand Master being absent) to George H. C. Melody, to consecrate, dedicate and install Sangamo Lodge No. 9, and in pursuance of said authority, on the 24th day of June, A.D. 1823, A.L. 5823, the Grand Lodge was opened in Springfield, Sangamon county, Illinois. Present: George H. C. Melody, Dep. G.M.; Asa S. Shaw, S. Warden p.t.; James Adams, G. Secy, p.t.; and Grand Chaplain, p.t. Whereupon, Lodge No. 9 was consecrated and dedicated to the Holy St. Johns, and the following officers installed, to-wit: Bro. Stephen Stillman being absent, Bro. John Moore, being a Past Master, and one of the officers named in the charter, was installed Master, proxy; Bro. Gershom Jayne, Senior Warden; Bro. John Moore, Junior Warden, being the same brother who was enstallcd Master, proxy. G. H. C. Melody, attested, J. Adams, G. Secy. p.t. The Deputy Grand Master (of Missouri) was appointed in Octo- ber, 1824 to visit Springfield in October, 1825 and settle the accounts of Sangamo Lodge but he found the Master had failed to keep his promise. A summons was issued requiring the Master to convene the lodge but no attention was paid to it. He, therefore, proceeded to open the lodge and finding the minutes badly kept, a great want of punctuality in their meetings and attendance to the business of the lodge, and that their conduct, if they were suffered to act any longer, would inflict indelible disgrace upon the fraternity, your committee deemed it his duty, for the credit of Masonry, to arrest their charter, which was accordingly done. 54 Freeinasonnj in Illinois The report of the committee to whom the report of the Deputy Grand Master was referred said: That they find no communication has been made from Sangamo Lodge, to this Grand Lodge, and none of its dues have been paid for so great a length of time, that your committee can view that lodge in no other light than as utterly careless of her duties owing from a subordinate to a superior lodge, and entirely, regardless of the true interests of Masonry. The committee concluded by this resolution: Resolved, That the charter heretofore granted to Sangamo Lodge No. 9 be, and the same is hereby declared, null and void; and that the name of the said lodge be stricken from the books of this Grand Lodge. Thus ended the career of the first lodge in the present State Capitol. Union Lodge No. 10 The following petition was sent to Unity Lodge No. 6 at Jackson, Missouri on May 29, 1822: To the Most Worshipful Grand Lodge of Missouri: We the undersigned free and Accepted Master Masons, being at present and having been members of regular Lodges, and having the prosperity of the Fraternity at heart, are willing to exert our best endeav- ors to promote and diffuse the genuine principles of Masonry. And for conveniency of our respective dwellings and for other good reasons, we are desirous of fomiing a new lodge in the town of Jonesborough, Union county and State of Illinois, to be named "Union Lodge," and in con- sequence of this desire we pray for letters of dispensation or a warrant of constitution to empower us to assemble as a legal Lodge, to dis- charge the duties of Masonry in a regular and constitutional manner according to the original forms of the Order and the regulations of the Grand Lodge. And we have nominated, and do recommend Richard J. Hamilton to be the first Master, James Finney to be the first Senior War- den, and William M. Alexander to be the first Junior Warden of the said Lodge. And if the prayer of the petition should be granted, we promise a strict conformity to all the constitutional laws and regulations of the Grand Lodge. Richard J. Hamilton James Finney James S. Smith Ben W. Brooks Wm. M. Alexander Abner Field George Wolf Jeptha Sweet At a special meeting of Unity Lodge No. 6, held in the town of Jackson, State of Missouri, on Wednesday the 29th of May, 5822— On application of sundry Masons of Jonesborough, Union county. State of Other Early Lodges 55 Illinois, to be admitted to form a Lodge in the above town. Ordered that the brothers named in the said petition be recommended to the Grand Lodge of Missouri, for a dispensation. C. Buckncr, W.M. Edward S. Gantt, S.W. J. Frizel, J.W. The dispensation reads: SIT LUX ET LUX FUIT. By the Most Worsliipful, Nathaniel Beverly Tucker, Grand Master. To all and every our Right Worshipful and loving Brethren, Greeting- Know ye, that the Most Worshipful Nathaniel Beverly Tucker, Grand Master at the humble petition of our Right Worshipful and well beloved Brothers R. J. Hamilton, James Finney, William M. Alexander, and several other brethren residing at and near Jonesborough, Union county. State of Illinois, of the ancient and honorable Fraternity of York Masons, and for other reasons moving our Worshipful Grand Master, do hereby constitute the said brethren into a regular Lodge of Free and Accepted Masons, to be opened in the town of Jonesborough, county and state aforesaid, by the name of "Union Lodge No. 10." At their said request and of the great trust and confidence reposed in every of the said brethren, the Most Worshipful Grand Master doth hereby appoint Bro. Richard J. Hamilton, Worshipful Master, Bro. James Finney, Senior Warden and Bro. William M. Alexander, Junior Warden for opening the said Lodge and go\erning the same. It is required of our friend and brother the Worshipful Richard J. Hamilton, to take special care that all and evcr\' of the said brethren of your Lodge, as well those hereafter to be admitted into our body by >'our Lodge, be regularly made Masons, and that they do observe, perfonn and keep all the rules and orders contained in our book of Constitutions and the ancient land- marks be strictly attended to; and further, that you cause to be entered in a book kept for that purpose, an account of your proceedings, which when done you are required to transmit herewith to the Grand Master (with a list of those initiated, passed and raised, or otherwise managed), at our next Annual Communication. Given at St. Louis under the hand and seal of the Most Worshipful Grand Master this fourth day of May A.L. 5822, A.D. 1822. N. B. Tucker, G.M. Attest, Wm Renshaw, G. Secretary. The date on this dispensation is a mistake inasmuch as the peti- tion was not filed until May 29. The date evidently should read June 4. The committee to enquire into and report on this lodge said: It does not appear to your committee that Union Lodge No. 10, has complied with the conditions expressed in their Letter of Dispensation. But, on the contrary, that said lodge has wholly failed to make any 56 Freemasonry in Illinois returns whatever. That the Letter of Dispensation must necessarily expire by its own Hmitations with the close of the present Grand Annual Communicaion. Your committee would charitably hope that this failure on the part of Union Lodge No. 10, to comply with their Letter of Dispensation, has been rather the result of some untoward circumstance than of wilful neglect. Your committee would therefore recommend the adoption of the fol- lowing resolutions: viz. Resolved, That this Grand Lodge do highly disapprove of the con- duct of Union Lodge No. 10, in faihng to make returns. Resolved, That the Grand Secretary inform Union Lodge No. 10, that unless they shall transmit a copy of their proceedings, as required by their Letters of Dispensation, duly certified, to the M.W. Grand Master, on or before the first day of December next, said Lodge will be stricken from the list of lodges under this jurisdiction. Resolved, That in the event of Union Lodge No. 10 certifying to the M.W. G. Master, on or before the first day of December next, a trans- cript of their proceedings, that he be authorized to grant to the brethren composing said lodge a renewal of their dispensation until our next Semi- Annual Communication. The lodge profited by the action of the Grand Lodge and filed the necessary papers and the committee reported: The standing committee for the examination of returns from subordi- nate lodges working under this jurisdiction, and to whom was referred the By-laws and Proceedings of Union Lodge No. 10, at Jonesborough, Illinois, beg leave to report: That they have examined tlie same, and find them conformable to the Constitution and By-Laws of this Grand Lodge. Your committee overlook some imperfections in the By-Laws and work of said Lodge, from the conviction that they are inadvertencies that will be readily corrected, on the suggestion of the Grand Lecturer, who will shortly visit said Lodge. Your committee therefore recommend the following resolution, viz: Resolved, That this Grand Lodge approve of the By-Laws and Pro- ceedings of Union Lodge No. 10. Resolved, That a charter issue to Union Lodge No. 10. The report and resolutions were adopted. Jonesborough, III. 4th Nov. 1S24. To the Most Worshipful Grand Lodge of Missouri: Whereas, a Grand Lodge has been recently established in the State of Illinois, and our Lodge, formerly "Union Lodge No. 10," having at- tached itself to it under the title of "Union Lodge No. 8" b)' said Grand Lodge. Wherefore, we the members of Union Lodge are desirous of withdrawing ourselves from the jurisdiction of your Grand Lodge, if agreeably to your will and pleasure, and request that the Grand Secre- Other Early Lodges 57 tar>', would have the goodness to transmit us by mail, the amount of the balance of our fees, &c, remaining due and unpaid to your Grand Lodge, and the money shall be remitted as soon as possible. Yours very affectionately and fraternally, B. W. Brooks, Secretary Union Lodge No. 8. In 1824 the lodge reported seventeen members. The lodge was represented at all the known meetings of the Grand Lodge but no further information about its existence is available. .Vandalia L odge No. 11 On February 7, J,S22 the following petition was presented to Li- banus Lodge No. 29: To the Grand Lodge of Missouri: Your petitioners, Master Masons, being domiciled in \''andalia (the seat of Government) in the State of Illinois, respectfully showeth, that they are free and accepted Master Masons; that they have been mem- bers of regular Lodges; that having the prosperity of the Fraternity at heart, they are willing to exert their best endeavors to promote and dif- fuse the genuine principles of Masonry-; that for the conveniency of their respective dwellings (there being no Lodge within fifty miles) and for other good reasons, they are desirous of fonning a new Lodge in the Town of Vandalia, to be named "Vandalia Lodge," that, in conse- quence of this desire, they pray for Letters of dispensation, or a warrant of constitution, to empower them to assemble as a legal Lodge, to dis- charge the duties of Masonry in a regular and constitutional manner, according to the original forms of the order and the regulations of the Grand Lodge. That they have nominated and recommend James M. Duncan to be the first Master; John Wamock to be the first Senior Warden; and William L. D. Ewing to be the first Junior Warden of the said Lodge; that if the prayer of the petition should be granted, they promise a strict conformity to all the constitutional laws and regulations of the Grand Lodge. > ^as. M. Duncan. John Waniock, Wm. Lee D. Ewing, John C. Kellog, Moses K. Botsford, Joseph Enos, Green P. Rice, E. C. Berr\ '. Edwardsville Februar>' 7th, A.L. 5822. At a regular meeting of Libanus Lodge No. 29, the foregoing Peti- tion was presented. It was unanimously agreed to reconmiend the same 58 Freemasonry in Illinois to the Grand Lodge of Missouri, and pray that a Dispensation or charter be granted. John Y. Sawyer, Master. April 2, 1822 the Grand Lodge of Missouri; Resolved, That a Letter of Dispensation be granted to the following brethren, petitioners from Vandalia, viz; James M. Duncan . John Wamock, William Lee D. Ewing, John C. Kellogg, Moses K. Bottsford, Joseph Enos and E. C. Berry . Oct. 8, 1822— The committee to whom was referred the Proceed- ings and By-Laws of Vandalia Lodge No. 11, Under Dispensation, re- ported. That they find the same in strict conformity with the Constitution and By-Laws of this Grand Lodge and with the ancient charges of Ma- sonry, and submit the following resolutions to wit: Resolved, That this Grand Lodge approves of the By-Laws and Proceedings of Vandalia Lodge No. 8. Resolved, That a Charter issue to Vandalia Lodge No. 8. Which report was adopted. The by-laws provided that every candidate initiated should be presented with a white apron and a copy of the by-laws. Another provided that every candidate should be examined before advance- ment. Another was Be it further ordained, that no member of this Lodge below the degree of Master Mason shall be permitted to vote on any question which may come before the Lodge. This appears to be the first lodge to adopt such a resolution. On April 27, 1822 the petition of Willia m H. Brown was received, referred and reported on instanter, and he was initiated. Brother Brown was the Grand Secretary of the first Grand Lodge. On June 25, 1822 the lodge voted to purchase Five Lodge tables, three gavels, two pillars, three benches, and a ballot box. Proceedings of Grand Lodge of Missouri, April 5, 1824: A communication was received from the Secretary of Vandalia Lodge No. 8, stating that a Grand Lodge had been fonned in the State of Illinois, and that Vandalia Lodge No. 8, having attached itself to said Grand Lodge, was desirous of withdrawing itself from this juris- diction. The return of this lodge for the year 1823 shows Suspended — William L. D. Ewing and Elijah C. Berry. The Grand Lodge of Missouri having received an appeal from the Other Early Lodges 59 decision of Vandalia Lodge No. 8 in the case of Elijah C. Berry, made the following report: Report:— That they have no additional evidence before them upon which to form their opinion. The records of the Vandalia Lodge are said to have been destroyed by the conflagration of the State House and there- fore we are not furnished with a regular transcript of the charges against the brethren accused, as acted upon by the Vandalia Lodge. We, how- ever, from the documents before us, have been enabled to fomi an opinion and with real Masonic sincerity, offer it to the Grand Lodge. We think, from the communication of E. C. Berry to this Grand Lodge, under date of October 3rd, 1823 it may fairly be inferred, and, in fact, no other judgment can be fonned than that Brother Berr>' connived at, and was accessory' to, the corporal punishment inflicted upon Brother Bottsford, as he is charged; also with having been called upon in vain by Brother Bottsford for assistance and protection, and Berry not having denied or in any manner extenuated the charge, we are forced to believe he had no defence to make, and hence we take occasion to remark, in answer to a communication from the Worshipful Master of Vandalia Lodge, that the rule of evidence in Masonic proceedings is not fixed, and that any proof an honest man would be wiUing to act upon ought to be received in this High Court of equity. We offer the following resolu- tions, viz: Resolved, That the Grand Lodge disapprove of the proceedings of Vandalia Lodge No. 8, in the case of E. C. Berry and Wm. L. D. Ewing. Resolved, That from the statement of the case, as submitted to the Grand Lodge, it is their opinion that the said brethren, in the matters charged upon them, and estabUshed to the satisfaction of the Grand Lodge, entirely lost sight of the principles of Masonry. Resolved, That Elijah C. Berrv be expelled the Masonic fraternity. The action taken by the Grand Lodge was: The first of said resolutions was amended by adding thereto the words, "in inflicting so slight a punishment for so flagrant a breach of Masonic duty, and in rescinding the order made by tlie lodge for a new trial of the charges against said brethren, at a special or called meeting of the lodge, without any notice of such meeting or proceedings being given to the brethren." The amended resolutions were then agreed to. On April 7, 1825 a communication was received from the Grand Lodge of Illinois to the effect that the lodges formerly subordinate to the Grand Lodge of Missouri had placed themselves under the juris- diction of said Grand Lodge. The case of E. C. Berry was still a matter of contention. A com- munication was received from the Grand Lodge of Illinois on the subject of the expulsion of Berry and 60 Freemasonry in Illinois Report:— That Wm. Lee D. Ewing was implicated with Berry in the same offence, (namely, that of permitting the person of a brother to be violated, notwithstanding his appeal for protection and relief), has frankly confessed that the charge is true; yet, from the pertinacity of Berry in denying the legality of his conviction, and in resting his defence upon technical objections to evidence, (not denying the truth of the charge ) , your committee are of the opinion tliat no cause has been shown which would entitle Berry to a reconsideration of his case, but the high source from whence the communication emanates entitles it to considera- tion. Your committee, therefore, recommend the adoption of the following resolution, to wit: Resolved, That the Grand Secretary be and he is hereby instructed to transmit to the Grand Lodge of Illinois a transcript of the Proceedings in the case of E. C. Berry, and inform said Grand Lodge that, in the opinion of this Grand Lodge, the case of E. C. Berry does not merit con- sideration. The Grand Lodge of Missouri reinstated William Lee D. Ewing but declined similar action regarding E. C. Berry. Correspondence was continued between the two Grand Lodges but in the meantime Vandalia Lodge had affiliated with the Grand Lodge of Illinois which gave that body authority over the case. On December 12, 1826 Berry was reinstated by the Grand Lodge of Illinois by a vote of ten to five. Thus we have him in good standing in Illinois and under sentence of expulsion in Missouri. The importance of this case is the prominence of the brethern. E. C. Berry_ was Auditor of Public Ac- counts 1818-31 and Ewing was a prominent legislator, later Governor of the State and United States Senator. Eden Lodge No. 11 June 26 1822: The following petition was prepared and sent to Missouri Lodge No. 1 for its recommendation. To the Most Worshipful Grand Master and brethren of the Most Wor- shipful Grand Lodge of Missouri: Your petitioners, inhabitants of the town of Covington and its vicinity, all have been regularly entered, passed, and raised to the degree of Master Mason in regular constituted Lodges, and at present reside at so great a distance from any Lodge, that they are cut off from most of the advantages of this ancient Order, and being desirous of diffusing the genuine principles of the Order, and rendering themselves useful to the Craft, do pray for a warrant of dispensation or charter constitut- ing them a new Lodge, at the town of Covington, in the State of lUinois, by the name of "Eden Lodge," authorizing them to assemble and work Other Early Lodges 61 as Ancient York Masons, and tliey do nominate John Smith for their first Master, Charles Mullikin for their first Senior Warden and Thomas G. Gazley as their first Junior Warden of said new Lodge, and your petitioners, as in duty bound, will ever pray, &c. John Smith Charles Mullikin Thos. G. Gazley Jos. Phillips Daniel S. Swearingcn Isaac riughson Jr Addison Philleo James Tumey Philo Beers. The dispensation was issued June 30, 1822. SIT LUX ET LUX FUIT. By the Most Worshipful Nathaniel B. Tucker, Grand Master. To all and every our Right Worshipful and Loving brethren Greeting: Know ye, That the Most Worshipful Nathaniel B. Tucker, Grand Master, at the humble petition of our right worshipful and well Ijclovcd brothers, John Smith, Charles Mullikin, Thomas G. Gazley, and several other brethren residing at and near the town of Covington, State of Illinois, of the Ancient and Honorable Fraternity of York Masons, and for certain other reasons moving, our Worshipful Grand Master do hereby constitute the said brethren into a regular Lodge of Free and Accepted Masons, to be opened in the town of Covington, by the name of Eden Lodge No. 11. at their said request, and of the great trust and confidence reposed in every of the said brethren, the Most Worshipful Grand Master doth hereby appoint Bro. John Smith, Worshipful Master; Bro. Charles Mullikin, Senior Warden; and Bro. Thomas G. Gazley, Junior Warden, for opening the said Lodge and governing the same. It is required of our friend and brother, the Worshipful John Smith, to take special care that all and every of the said brethren of your Lodge, as well as those hereafter to be admitted into our body by your Lodge, be regularly made Masons, and that they do observe, perfonu, and keep all the rules and orders contained in our Book of Constitutions, and the ancient landmarks be strictly attended to; and further, that you cause to be entered in a book kept for that purpose, an account of your pro- ceedings, which, when done, you are required to transmit to the Grand Master herewith (with a list of those initiated, passed and raised, or otherwise managed), at our ne.xt Grand Annual Communication. Given at St. Louis, under the hand and seal of the Most Worshipful Grand Master this thirtieth day of June A.L. 5822, A.D. 1822. Th. Douglas D.G.M. in the absence of the M.W.G.M. attest Wm. Rcnshaw, G. Secy. 62 Freemasonry in Illinois Proceedings of Grand Lodge of Missouri, October 5, 1822: The committee to whom was referred the By-Laws and Proceedings of Eden Lodge No. 11, Under Dispensation, reported. That they have carefully examined the same, and find them generally correct, with one exception, viz: That they are in practice of receiving petitions for initiations on the First Degree. Your committee are of opinion that all petitions should be received in a Master Mason's Lodge, as none but Master Masons are permitted to vote on them. Your committee beg leave to offer the following resolutions, to wit: Resolved, That this Grand Lodge disapprove of the Proceedings of Eden Lodge, No. 11, in receiving petitions on the first degree, and ap- prove of all their other proceedings. Resolved, That a Charter issue to Eden Lodge, No. 11, and that the Grand Secretary forward them a copy of this report and resolutions annexed thereto. Which report was adopted. Proceedings of Grand Lodge of Missouri, October 7, 1823: Resolved, That the 8th section of the By-Laws in the present instance be dispensed with so far as the representative of Eden Lodge No. 11 is concerned, having lost on his way thither the proceedings of said lodge, and that he shall have all the privileges of any other repre- sentative in this Grand Lodge during its present session. The lodge was represented at the organization of the Grand Lodge by James Tumey but not again until 1826. In 1824 the Grand Lodge published the returns of the lodges but Eden made no return. How- ever, a return was made to tlie Grand Lodge of Missouri that year. Three candidates were raised and one member admitted. Chapter 5 THE FIRST GRAND LODGE With more lodges being organized it is not surprising that the thought of forming a Grand Lodge was in the minds of members. The first suggestion was in a letter from Libanus Lodge to Western Star Lodge which was read November 16, 1820. It was brought by N. Hanson, Secretary of Libanus Lodge. The record reads: A letter from our brethren at Libanus Lodge No. 29 at Edwards- ville, requesting that there should be measures taken with the several Lodges of this State to fonn a Grand Lodge. Motion was made and carried that we coincide with the Libanus Lodge to confer with the several Lodges of this State, that there may be measures taken to estab- lish a Grand Lodge. Resolved, That this Lodge concur with Libanus Lodge No. 29 in the propriety and expediency of establishing a Grand Lodge in this State and that a committee be appointed to confer with that and the other Lodges on the subject, and in case of general concurrence in the estab- lishment of such Grand Lodge, with power to fix upon a certain number of delegates from each of the several Lodges in this State, to meet in con- vention, as also upon the time and place of such meeting of such Lodges, and forming a constitution thereunder. The members of the committee were Henry S. Dodge, Thomas Reynolds and Shadrach Bond, who were gi\'en authority to corres- pond with the other Lodges in the State and to make necessary arrangements for said convention. Vandalia Lodge September 24, 1822: A communication from Libanus Lodge No. 29, of Edwardsville, was received and read, on the subject of forming a Grand Lodge at Vandalia, proposing a meeting of delegates from the different lodges in this State, in this place, during the sitting of the next General Assembly. On motion of Bro. Browne, it was ordered, that the Secretar>' of this Lodge reply to the communication from Libanus Lodge No. 29, inform- ing them that their proposition would be met by this Lodge so soon as it received its charter. Olive Branch Lodge No. 5, November 14, 1822: ^^^ N. Aldrich, Master, presented a circular letter from the \'andalia 63 64 Freemasonry in Illinois Lodge requesting the concurrence of this Lodge to certain resolutions of Vandaha Lodge, soHciting this Lodge to send delegates to meet delegates from the several Lodges in this State, at Vandalia, on the second Monday of December next, for the purpose of fonning a Grand Lodge in this State. The few available records of other lodges do not furnish any re- port on this question but delegates from eight lodges attended the meeting. The record of the meeting to form the Grand Lodge is: Vandalia, Illinois. Masonic Convention December 9, 1822. At a meeting of the breth- ren, consisting of delegates of the different Lodges in the State of Illinois, on Monday, December 9 A.L. 5822 Brother Thomas C. Browne was appointed Chairman, and Brother ^m. H. Browru Secretary. The following brethren produced their certificates and were recognized as delegates, viz. Libanus Lodge No. 29,— Richard J. McKinney, Dennis Rockwell, John Y. Sawyer, Nathaniel Buckmaster, William H. Hopkins, David Prickett. The Western Star Lodge No. 107,— Thomas Reynolds, Shadrach Bond. Olive Branch Lodge No. 5,— James W. Whitney, Charles Gear, Charles W. Hunter. Albion Lodge No. 9,-Benjamin J. Mills, Gilbert T. Pell. Eden Lodge No. 11,— James Tumey. Union Lodge No. 10,— Abner Field, Charles Dunn. Vandalia Lodge No. 8,— William H. Brown, James M. Duncan, John S. Duncan , Russell Botsford, F CI ]^prr\/^ John VVamock. ~~ Lawrence Lodge No. 34— Thomas C. Browne, James Hall. On motion: Resolved, That a committee be appointed to fonn a Constitution for a Grand Lodge in the State of Illinois, and that the committee report to-morrow at 4 o'clock. Bros. T. Reynolds, C. W. Hunter, G. T. Pell, James Tumey, Abner Field, Wm H Rrnwn^ Ja nies Hall, and John Y. Sawyer were appointed that committee. On motion: Resolved, That the Grand Lodge be located at Vandalia. The Convention then adjourned until tomorrow at 4 o'clock P.M. December 10, 5822. The Convention again assembled. Bro. Sawyer, from the committee appointed to draft a Constitution for a Grand Lodge, reported the fol- lowing Constitution, which was read section by section and adopted. The First Grand Lodge 65 The constitution had ten sections and tlie by-laws twenty-one. They are much the same as are in use today. The same delegates were present as on the proceeding day, and all agreed to the report of the committee. On motion of Bro. Dunn: Resolved, That the delegates from each Lodge take a copy of the Constitution and transmit the same to their respective Lodges. Adjourned until to-morrow at 4 o'clock P.M. The Convention met pursuant to adjournment. On motion of Bro. Hall, the following resolution was adopted: Resolved, That we proceed forthwith to the nomination of persons to fill the offices of Grand Master, Grand Wardens, Grand Secretary and Grand Treasurer, which nominations shall be presented to the several Lodges, with the Constitution recommended for their adoption; and if a majority of the Lodges approve of said nominations, the persons so nominated shall be considered as duly elected. Resolved, That it shall be the duty of the several Lodges, im- mediately upon the ratification or disapproval by them of the pro- ceedings of this Convention, to transmit notice of same to the Grand Master-elect, and if it appear that a majority of the Lodges concur in the proceedings of the Convention, then the Grand Lodge shall be con- sidered as duly organized, and the Grand Master shall order the first meeting of the same at such time as he shall think proper. Whereupon, the Convention proceeded to ballot for officers, when upon counting the ballots it appeared that Shadrach Bond was elected Grand Master; John Y. Sawyer, Grand Senior Warden; Wm M. Alex- ander, Grand Junior Warden; Richard T. McKinney, Grand Secretary; James O. Wattles, Grand Treasurer. On motion: Resolved, that a copy of the minutes of the Convention be made out by the Secretary, and countersigned by the Chairman, and that a copy of the Constitution now formed be deposited in Vandalia Lodge until the Grand Lodgc> is organized. The Convention then adjourned sine die. Thomas C. Browne Chaimian. William H. Brown Secretary. This was a notable gathering of citizens. Thomas C. Browne, chairman, was chief justice of the Supreme Court, serving on that body from 1818 to 1848. After finishing his work as a judge he went to Cahfoniia where he died in 1856. Wilha m ri. Brow n, Secretary of the convention, was bom in Con- . ^ ^ ^ — \ necticiu about the beginning of the 19th century. He settled in Kas- 66 Freemasonry in Illinois kaskia in 1818 and was appointed Clerk of the United States court in 1819, which ofRce he held for sixteen years. He moved to Chicago in 1835 and was cashier of the State Bank of Illinois. In 1840 he became school agent for the city and upon retiring was given a vote of thanks by the mayor and aldermen for the efficient way in which he had con- ducted the business. He became President and was the principal agent in building the Galena and Chicago Union railroad in 1846-47. He was President of the Chicago Historical Society for seven years. He died in Amsterdam, Holland in 1867. Shadrach Bond had left the office of Governor only four days before the convention was held. Thomas Reynolds became a member of the Supreme Court three years later. Others held positions as fol- lows : JamesHall^_circuit^^ John Y. Sawyer, circuit judge; Elijah -C ^Berrv, Auditor of Public Accounts; Charles Dunn, Clerk of the House of Representatives; Nathaniel Buckmaster and Gilbert T. Pell, House of Representatives. From the Historical Encyclopedia of Illinois and History of Fay- ette County we learn that The first State House was a two-story log structure, on the corner of Fifth and Johnson Streets, on the present site of the Union " hotel (1910). This building was destroyed by fire during the Third Sesssion of the Legislature, held at Vandalia, December, 1833. The Presbyterian church and the residence of Pnlnnpl BnJTPij^ V AtnJ .a^^ah]\J^^hal^ to be utilized for State purposes, 'until another Capitol Building could be erected. The new one was pretentious, being a two-story brick structure, put up in the summer of 1824, at the cost of $15,000, of which the people of Vandalia contributed $3,000. Additional material in the possession of the Illinois State His- torical Library describes the first State Capitol as follows: a plain two story wooden structure, the lower floor of which was devoted to one room for the House of Representatives and a passage and stairway to the second floor. The second story consisted of two rooms— the larger for the Senate Chamber and the smaller for the Council of Revision. It was in the senate chamber that the Grand Lodge was organized. The site of the building and the town was surveyed by,WjC^_and Beal Greenup , both members of Western Star Lodge. They also contracted to erect a building 40 feet by 30 feet; two stories of which were to be used as the State Capitol. The cost of the survey was $496.00 and that for the building was $4,732.00 The First Grand Lodge 67 This building was large enough for the puii:)osc at that time. When the state records were moved from Kaskaskia to Vandalia they were all hauled in one wagon at a cost of $25.00 dollars. 1823 No printed record of the meeting for tliis year has been found for the following reason: ILLINOIS CAPITOL (VANDALIA). Illinois Intelligencer (Vandalia). 13, Dec. 1823, p/2, col. 4. "FIRE FIRE" About 2 o'clock, on the night of the 9th, instant, the STATE HOUSE, in this place, was discovered to be on fire, and in a very short time, it was entirely consumed. So rapid was the progress of the flames that not a single article belonging, or attached to the STATE- HOUSE was saved, All the tables, chairs, and benches, except a few which were in the public offices, were consumed by the fire. The receiver's office for this land district was kept in one of the rooms of the STATE-HOUSE, and the books, papers, and ever\' other article belonging to his office, were entirely destroyed. It is difficult to conjecture how it took fire. The house was occupied by the Auditor of the state during the preceeding day in selling non-residents' land for taxes, and he adjourned the sale at noon until the next day. Several gentlemen were in the STATE-HOUSE late in the evening, and there were scarcely enough of brands in the fire place to warm their hands. A letter from W. C. Greenup to the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania in 1825 states that all the books amd archives of the Illinois Grand Lodge were destroyed shortly after the meeting by the conflagration of the capitol where they were deposited. 1824 The annual session was opened on December 6 by the Deputy Grand Master the Grand Master being absent. Representatives from eight lodges were present. Fourteen visitors were present. It was resolved: That a committee of five be appointed to enquire how far the subordinate Lodges within this state are affected by the resolution de- claring that Lodges which assisted in the formation of this Grand Lodge shall be considered as within our jurisdiction, and what is the operation of said resolution in regard to such Lodges. The record said the committee made a report "which was con- 68 Freemasonry in Illinois curred in." The nature of the report was not published. In connection with this question a petition was received from Jacob C. Brunner for reinstatement to good standing, he being under sentence of expulsion by Libanus Lodge. The decision was given that the Grand Lodge had no authority over the action of Libanus Lodge, since that was under the authority of the Grand Lodge of Tennessee. Details of the Brun- ner matter will be found under "Libanus Lodge No. 29." Financial troubles were serious. The Grand Treasurer had received five dollars toward paying for the dispensation for Palestine Lodge; that amount with one more dollar was all the money in the treasury. The fee for a dispensation was fifteen dollars and a charter was ten dollars addi- tional. A committee was appointed to correspond with the Grand Lodge of Permsylvania to ascertain why that Grand Lodge had suspended Western Star Lodge. The financial troubles of this lodge have been explained under its history. The Grand Lodge was determined to get control over the lodges. Resolved, That the subordinate Lodges, who assisted at the forma- tion of this Grand Lodge, and have neglected to surrender their charters from other Grand Lodges, and take charters from this Grand Lodge, be allowed a further time of six months to perform that duty. Resolved, That those Lodges neglecting the requisitions of the pre- ceeding resolution, be stricken from the roll of this Grand Lodge, and that those Lodges be immediately furnished with a copy of these resolu- tions. James Hall was elected Grand Master, John Y. Sawyer, G.S. Warden Richard J. Hamilton, G.J. Warden, James O. Wattles, G. Treas., William H. Brown, G. Secy. A Lodge of Past Masters was opened with George H. C. Melody, Deputy Grand Master of Missouri presiding and After some business done therein, the Lodge was closed, and a Lodge of Master Masons opened. The Grand Officers were then installed by Brother Melody. This is the only time that the Grand Master was not installed in a Lodge of Past Masters. Brother Melody was given twenty dollars "to discharge the expenses of his visit to us." A reminder of the fire that destroyed the first State House in 1823 is seen in the following resolution: The First Grand Lodge 69 ^^'hereas, Vandalia Lodge has paid to Col. \\'illiam Berry the sum of forty dollars, as a compensation for the loss of his Sword, destroyed in the conflagration of the state house, after the meeting of this Grand Lodge in 1823; therefore. Resolved, That the dues owing by said Lodge to this M.W. Grand Lodge for the present year be remitted. Another resolution shows the difference between the methods of transacting business in those days and those of the present time: Resolved, That it be recommended by this Grand Lodge to each of the Lodges subordinate thereto, to transact the ordinary business of a Lodge in an Entered Apprentice's Lodge; and to receive and act upon all petitions for membership, or for any degree in Masonry, in a Master's Lodge only, and that the Grand Secretary transmit a copy of this resolu- tion to each of the subordinate Lodges. The lack of cash is shown by the action of the Grand Lodge in granting a charter to Palestine Lodge: and time was given them till the next Grand Communication to pay the fees due for said charter. A charter was granted to Albion Lodge and a dispensation for Greene Lodge at Carrollton was granted to Hart Fellows and others. The only other member of this lodge that has, thus far, been found is Samuel C. Pierce who represented the lodge in 1826. This dispensa- tion was continued until the next annual communication. The result of the action concerning lodges taking charters from the Grand Lodge bore fruit in that charters were issued to Union as No. 7 and Vandalia as No. 8. Guy W. Smith was installed as Master of Palestine Lodge in a Lodge of Past Masters. The first attempt to bring about uniformity in ritual is shown by the following: Resolved, the R.W. Deputy Grand Master of this Grand Lodge be, and he is hereby authorized and required, to visit each and every Lodge, under the jurisdiction of this Grand Lodge once in each year. Henry H. Snow was the Deputy and he was continued as ritualistic instructor and inspector during the life of the Grand Lodge. The thanks of the Grand Lodge was presented to the Honorable Senate for their polite ofler of the use of the Senate Chamber, for the use of this Grand Lodge. 70 Freemasonry in Illinois However, the Grand Lodge evidently used another room, at least part of the time: Resolved, That the sum ot lour dollars be appropriated for the pay- ment of John Bullard, for the use of his chamber. It was also ordered That upon presentation of their work, constitution and by-laws to the M.W. Grand Master, or his Deputy, a charter be granted in vacation to Greene Lodge as Lodge No. 11. The Grand Tyler was allowed seven dollars for his service, same to be paid out of any money not otherwise appropriated. The returns for the year 1824 were published as follows: Olive Branch no. 4 25 members Vandalia no. 5 12 Union no. 6 17 Eden no. 7 report made to GL of Mo. Hiram no. 8 24 Albion no. 9 22 Palestine no. 10 17 Greene no. 11 11 Kaskaskia, Shawneetown, Edwardsville and Springfield lodges, not being affiliated, were not included. 1825 For some reason now unknown this session was not held until Janu- ary, 1826. The session was opened on January 3, 1826 in the State House with James Hall, Grand Master, presiding. Nine Grand Officers and eleven members of five Illinois lodges were present. Five out-of- state visitors were present. A dispensation had been granted for Illion Lodge No. 12. Phillip Aylesworth was present with a copy of the proceedings of that lodge and the return of tlie dispensation. Frontier Lodge No. 13 also pre- sented its record and asked for a charter. The report of the committee shows that both lodges acted for the first time under their dispensa- tions on December 3, 1825; that their by-laws and proceedings were correct, with one exception. Both lodges were criticised for advanc- ing candidates with too little time, either to become acquainted with the lectures of the preceeding degree, or for a strict enquiry into the character of the ap- plicants. The First Grand Lodge 71 The committee offered two resolutions which were adopted: Resolved, That this Grand Lodge disapproves of the praetiec of advancing candidates to any degree until they shall have acquired a competent knowledge of the proceeding degree. Resolved, That a charter be granted to Frontier Lodge No. 13 and to Illion Lodge No. 12. An apphcation was made for a charter for a lodge at Kaskaskia but this was refused. This was during the time that said lodge was in trouble with the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania over non-payment of dues. To legalize the failure to meet in 1825 the following resolution was adopted: Whereas, the Grand Annual Communication of this R. Worshipful Grand Lodge, was not held in conformity with the provisions of its by-laws; and whereas, an election of Grand Officers has not been held as by tliem contemplated : Therefore, Resolved, That the by-laws of this Grand Lodge be dispensed with, and that this Grand Lodge proceed to the election of Grand Officers for the ensuing year to-morrow evening. A petition was received from "certain brethren residing in Pike, Adams and Calhoun counties" asking for a charter for a lodge to be located at Atlas in Pike County. This petition was granted January 7, 1826. The second day two more lodges were represented and fifteen more members and visitors attended. Some of them were busy during the day attending the legislature. Transactions had been received from other jurisdictions but the first to officially recognize the Grand Lodge was by the Grand Lodge of Kentucky: Your Committee on Foreign Commimications, beg leave to report, that they find a communication, giving information of the fomiation of a Grand Lodge for the State of Illinois, located at Vandalia, requesting a recognition and interchange of Brotherly Communications, and re- questing from this Grand Lodge a transfer of its dues from lodges in that State, for reason stated in their Communications, but at the same time assuring this Grand Lodge that their claims shall be sacredly respected. Your Committee recommends the recognition of and the interchange of Brotherly and friendly offices with said Grand Lodge; and submit to the Grand Lodge, the determination of the question of the remission of the dues. 72 Freemasonry in Illinois On motion: Resolved, that this Grand Lodge recognize the M.W. Grand Lodge of IlHnois and that Brother Grand Secretary correspond with the said M.W. Grand Lodge and transmit regularly an abstract of the proceedings of this Grand Lodge. A letter was reported from the Grand Lodge of New York express- ing surprise that no communication had been received stating the causes and events that led to the organization of the Grand Lodge of Illinois, and requesting such information. Reports from other jurisdictions showed that active exertions are in operation among the craft, to obtain sub- scriptions for the erection of a Masonic Monument to the memory of Washington, and that several of the Grand Lodges of the U.S., have adopted measures to effect this object. Your committee noticing tliis sub- ject, cannot withhold the expression of their entire approbation of any measure which may evince our respect for the virtues, and affection for the name of the illustrious chief, whom we have been proud to number among our brothers, and submit the further consideration thereof to the Grand Lodge. The Grand Lodge disapproved the resolution adopted by Olive Branch Lodge which allowed visitors to vote during the election of officers. The Constitution and By-Laws was ordered printed and a copy sent to each Grand Lodge in tlie United States and the British Prov- inces in North America, to each of our subordinate lodges, and to each of our Grand Officers. Again the thanks of the Grand Lodge were given to the Honorable Senate for the use of the senate chamber. 1826 This session was held in the State House beginning Monday, December 3. James Hall, Grand Master, presided. Six lodges were represented. Eleven visitors were present, all from Illinois lodges. The Grand Secretary was directed to purchase one hundred diplo- mas to be issued to individuals requesting same A petition from Western Star Lodge was taken up and the Grand Master directed to issue a charter when he shall be assured that the lodge has made satisfactory arrangements with the Grand Lodge of Pa. and has been released by that body. The committee to which was referred the communications from The First Grand Lodge 73 other Grand Lodges made an extensive report. This was the fore- runner of the present committee on correspondence. Guy W. Smith was elected Grand Master. The Grand Lodge was then closed on the third degree and Phillip Aylesworth was installed Master of Illion Lodge by the Grand Master. On December 20 a petition was received asking for a dispensation to organize a lodge at Fever River ( Galena ) . The petition was recom- mended by Frontier Lodge. The Grand Lodge was then closed to meet the following Monday evening. On January 1, 1827 the session was opened by Benjamin Mills, Grand Master, Pro Tem, and four other Grand Officers pro tem. Only two regular officers were present. Brother Henry H. Snow was authorized to install the first officers of the Lodge at Fever River. This was Strangers Union No. 14. A charter was also granted to Cincinnatus Lodge No. 16. Here ends the known record of the first Grand Lodge. It was a very small organization in numbers but the influence of its individual members had much to do with the state business. The list of names includes those of two governors, Bond and Ewing; four United States Senators, Elias Kent Kan e, Richard M. Young, Samuel McRoberts, and Ewing; Ewing was also Lieutenant Governor; Secretary of State, Elias Kent Kane, David Blackwell ; A uditor of Public Accounts, E. C. Berry ; State Treasure r , lames HalJ ; Attorney General, James Turney; Su- preme Court, Thomas C. Browne, Thomas Reynolds; Circuit Court of 1824, John Y. Sawyer, Samuel McRoberts, Richard M. Young, James Hall, James O. Wattles. Some of the above named members did not hold office during the life of the Grand Lodge but they were prominent in the affairs of state. This list does not include state senators and representatives of which there were several. Of the lodges subordinate to tlie Grand Lodge some are little known while others have records that are known today. Chapter 6 LODGES CHARTERED BY THE FIRST GRAND LODGE Palestine Lodge No. 10 The Government Land Office was established in Palestine on May 11, 1820. This made it one of the most important towns in the state with, perhaps, the state capitol excepted. The minute book of tliis lodge has been found and is in the Grand Secretary's office. The book is in poor condition having been used as a scrap book with newspaper clippings pasted over the record. The Grand Lodge record (1824) reads: Brother Guy W. Smith presented the dispensation granted in vaca- tion to certain brethren residing in Palestine, also a return from said lodge which was received. On motion of Bro. Hart, Grand Treasurer, a charter was granted to Palestine Lodge and time was given them until the next Grand Communication to pay the fees due for said charter. The Grand Lodge was then adjourned "till the first day of January next" and a lodge of Past Masters opened when brother Guy W. Smith was introduced and duly installed Master of Palestine Lodge in ample form. The first minutes of the old book are dated September 2, 1824. Brother Isaac Edwards acted as Master pro tem and Brother Robert Smith as Secretary. The record reads: The petition of David W. Tuttle was presented by the Secretary without the usual fee required by our by-laws. On motion the following resolution was adopted— Resolved, in-as-much as we have a very favor- able opinion of David W. Tuttle who has applied to become a member of this lodge, we will dispense with the by-laws and receive said Tuttle as a member by his pledging himself to make use of all proper exer- tions to pay to the lodge the usual fees for initiation. On motion it was unanimously adopted that in consequence of the death of the Worshipful Charles E. Whittlesy each member shall wear black crape on the left arm and a 74 Lodges Chartered by First Grand Lodge 75 piece of blue ribbon in the buttonhole on the left breast for thirty days, and the lodge adjounu'd until their next regular meeting. At the next meeting Tuttle was elected and: That in consequence of the infancy of the lodge the petitions of Alexander M. Houston and John Houston being such, that every mem- ber must have an intimate knowledge of their character and qualificii- tions to become Masons, that the usual order of inquiry shall be dispensed with and these petitions be immediately acted upon. Both petitioners and Tuttle received the first degree. also Resolved, That a committee of two be appointed to return thanks to Brother Davis for his eulogy and to William Babson for his address at the funeral of our late Worshipful Master Charles E. Whit- tlesy. J. T. Moffat presided as Master on October 11, 1824 Nov. 4: Ordered that the Secretary draw from the funds of the treasury $10.00 to pay for publishing the oration delivered at the installa- tion of this lodge by Brother L. S. Shuler and other expenses, after which the meeting was closed. On December 2, 1824, Guy W. Smith was elected Master. That night Bro. Smith was duly appointed to transact all or any business for this Lodge at the ne.xt meeting of the Grand Lodge at Vandalia and to have all reasonable expenses paid to him by the lodge. The next meeting was held on December 27, 1824. There is no mention of the attendance of Brother Smith at the Grand Lodge when he was installed and the charter granted unless it is covered by the following: After the benefit of a lecture in the first degree, the lodge closed in due form. Dec. 30, On motion the lodge assumed to pay brother J. P. Moffat's Expenses in travelling to and from this lodge. Could this have been the Master of Vincennes Lodge No. 1? On February 3, 1825 a committee was appointed to obtain the best terms for a room to hold lodge. On April 2, 1825 the sum of $5 was paid to Mrs. Hannah Wilson, evidently for hall rent. In 1826 the lodge contracted to pay Mrs. Hannah Wilson for the 76 Freemasonry in Illinois current year at $12 per annum, to be paid quarterly, which no doubt was for rent of the hall. On June 17, 1826 Isaac Edwards was again elected Master and Guy W. Smith, Secretary. On June 24 the lodge called to refreshment to Hsten to a sermon for two hours when a Masonic sermon was preached by Brother Job M. Baker. On October 16, 1826 Arnold B. Dake visited. On December 9, 1826 Edwards was again elected Master and Guy W. Smith, Secretary. The last record in the old book is February 14, 1829. A partial list of members is Jesse Barlow, Secy. Wheeler Mallet John W. Barlow Isaac Meeks E. Boudmoth James F. Moffat G. W. Bratton Joel Phelps John Cochran David Porter Elijah O. Dodson A. M. Robertson Isaac Edwards, P.M. Robert Smith, Secy. Phillip Edwards Peleg Spencer Peter Harrison, Secy. Pendleton Strothers Alexander Grant Guy W. Smith, P.M. also Secy. Andrew Harris David K. Tuttle, P.M. Alexander M. Houston, Secy. Jacob Weaver John Houston, Secy. Charles E. Whittlesy, P.M. Edward Yegg Guy W. Smith was the third Grand Master of the Grand Lodge, being elected on December 11, 1826. The by-laws were found with the record book. They were adopted on August 7, 1824. There are five articles containing sixteen sections. A fee of five dollars was required with each petition and the same amount for each degree. Quarterly dues were 75c. A petition only needed the recommendation of one member but candidates to be passed or raised required the avouchment of two Master Masons or to be examined by a committee appointed by the Master, when the propriety of his being passed or raised shall be decided as in case of initiation. Petitioners for affiliation were required to present a dimit or other evidence of good standing. Visitors not members of any lodge were required to pay twenty-five cents for each meeting after the first. Lodges Chartered by First Grand Lodge 77 Greene Lodge No. 1 1 On December 7, 1824 the record shows a dispensation was issued to Hart Fellows and others to form and open a lodge at Carrollton, in the county of Greene, during vacation, with orders to return it to the Grand Communication. Ordered, That the dispensation heretofore granted to brethren resid- ing at Carrollton be renewed, and continued in force until the next Annual Communication of this Grand Lodge. Charter granted January 1, 1826. The lodge made a return showing eleven members but no work had been done. The only known members of this lodge were Hart Fellows, to whom the dispensation was issued, and Samuel C. Pierce, who repre- sented the lodge at the 1826 communication of the Grand Lodge. A few years ago the by-laws of tliis lodge were found among the papers of Henry G. Griswold who lived a few miles from Whitehall. There are thirteen sections, some different from those of today. The lodge met on the Saturday preceding the full moon at twelve o'clock. The Master, Wardens, Treasurer and Secretary, Steward and Tyler were elected. The Senior Deacon was appointed by the Master and the Junior Deacon by the Senior Warden. The fee for the degrees was two dollars to accompany the petition as deposit money, and five dollars when the degree was conferred; Fellowcraft fee was two dollars and that for the third degree three dollars. Fee for affiliation was one dol- lar. Each member was required to pay the Secretary twelve and one half cents at each meeting and visitors (after the first visit) the same amount. The by-laws were very strict about drinking intoxicating liquor: for the first offense, reprimand in open lodge; for the second suspension; for the third expulsion. Every candidate was required to pass an examination to be conducted "as the master may direct." A member three months in arrears could not vote at the election of officers and no member in arrears could participate in the St. John's Day celebrations. The only record of membership was in 1824 when the eleven mem- bers were reported to the Grand Lodge. Illion Lodge No. 12 The first record of this lodge is in the proceedings of the Grand Lodge, January 3, 1826: 78 Freemasonry in Illinois A communication from brother Phillip Aylesworth, Worshipful Master of Illion Lodge No. 12, with a copy of the proceedings of said Lodge, and a return of their dispensation. There is no record of when the dispensation was issued. The Grand Lodge of January 10, 1826, in the report of the committee on sub- ordinate Lodges, said the return of their proceedings was satisfactory and directed that charter be issued to Ilhon Lodge No. 12. This was adopted. On December 3, 1826 Brother Aylesworth represented Ilhon Lodge No. 12. Again the committee on returns approved the records of this lodge. At this session Brother Aylesworth was elected Junior Grand Warden. The Grand Master and Senior Grand Warden were installed but there is nothing to show that Brother Aylesworth was installed. This was the last known session of the Grand Lodge. Illion Lodge No. 12 was located in Jacksonville. In 1826 Moses Atwood wrote that he assisted in a Masonic Lodge which met at the northwest corner of the square in Jacksonville. William Sewall, in his diary under date of June 15, 1830, mentions an interment "according to the notions of Masonry." George Hackett a Mason, kept a store along the Mauvaise Terre northwest of tlie site of Jacksonville before the town was founded. When Jacksonville was laid out on April 26, 1825, Hackett moved his store to the northwest corner of the square and in it Moses Atwood attended the Masonic Lodge. Diligent search has revealed no record of where and when Brother Aylesworth received his degrees. The records of Morgan County were burned on December 7, 1827 and it is possible that the lodge records were kept in the court house by some officer and were lost with the building. Frontier Lodge No. 13 In the year 1822 the town of Lewistown was laid out by Ossian M. Ross. One year later it was commissioned a county seat. Fulton County at that time took in nearly all the territory from near Pike County to Chicago. When Ross laid out the town he specified where certain buildings were to be located and the first building erected was on the spot where now stands the Presbyterian church. Ross designated the top floor for a Masonic Lodge hall and the first floor for a school. He did not succeed in getting a lodge established until the Grand Lodge granted a dispensation some time in 1825. The first meeting was held on December 3, 1825. The committee on returns of the Grand Lodge on January 10, 1826 reported: Lodges Chartered by First Grand Lodge 79 That the dispensation granted Illion Lodge No. 12 and Frontier Lodge No. 13, in the reci^ss, ha\c Ixn-n rcliirned, together with their by-laws, and copies of their proceedings under that dispensation; that their by-laws and proceedings appear to have been correct, with one exception. It is the opinion of your committee, that the brethren of that lodge, have advanced candidates from one degree to anotlier, and even for initiation with too much rapidity; thereby leaving too little time, either to become acquainted with the lectures in the precceding degree, or for a strict inquiry into the character of the applicants. They there- fore, beg leave to offer the following resolution: Resolved, That this Grand Lodge disapproves of the practice of ad- vancing candidates to any degree until they shall have acquired a compe- tent knowledge of the preceeding degree. Resolved, That a charter be granted to Frontier Lodge No. 13. A charter was granted on January 10, 1826 upon payment of the sum due for the charter. On December 20, 1826 the lodge recommended the formation of Stranger's Union Lodge at Galena. At the 1826 communication of the Grand Lodge in January, S. Dewey and Ossian M. Ross were present as delegates from Frontier Lodge. On January 1, 1827 the committee on returns found the records of this lodge in accordance with the Constitution and By-Laws of the Grand Lodge and the Principles of Masonry. At the session of December, 1826 the lodge was represented by Ossian M. Ross who was appointed one of a committee to examine the books and accounts of the Grand Secretary and Grand Treasurer. No further reference to this lodge has been found. Harmon G. Rey- nolds said it became defunct in 1827. Strangers Union Lodge No. 14 On December 20, 1826 the Grand Lodge Proceedings show that: The petition of sundry brethren residing at Fever River (Galena) for a charter for a lodge at that place, recommended by Frontier Lodge, was received, and, on motion of Bro. Mills, referred to a select com- mittee. On January 1, 1827 it was Ordered, That the committee to which was referred the petition of sundry brethren on Fever River be discharged from further considera- tion thereof, and that a charter be issued by this Grand Lodge agreeable to the prayer of said petitioners. The record of the organization meeting is not in existence but an- other dated April 21 reads: 80 Freemasonry in Illinois Galena, April 21st, A.L. 5827 Strangers Union Lodge No. 14 met pursuant to adjournment. Members present, Chas. Gear, W.M.; James Harris, S.W., pt.; Benson Hunt, J.W.; L. P. Vansburg, Treas.; G. W. Brittin, Sec; M. Meeker, S.D.; M. Faucette, J.D.; W. Spear, Tyler; and Daniel Moore. On motion of Bro. Harris: Resolved, That the sum of ten dollars be paid for the first or Entered Apprentice degree, five dollars for the Fellow Craft degree, and ten dollars for the Master Mason degree. Bro. Sec. presented the petition of John D. Chandler, which was read and referred to a Committee of Bros. Meeker, Morris and Vansburg. On motion of Bro. Harris: Resolved, That Bro. Meeker be authorized to procure a suitable Lodge room. On motion of Bro. Harris: Resolved, That the regular communication of this Lodge be held on the Thursday of or preceeding the full moon in each month. On motion of Bro. Harris: Resolved, that Bro. Sec. be authorized to procure necessarj- station- ery for the Lodge. On motion of Bro. Britton: Resolved, That a committee of three be appointed to examine petitions and applications for membership. Bros. Harris, Hunt and Vansburg were api^ointed the committee. On motion of Bro. Britton: Resolved, That a committee of three be appointed to revise our By-Laws and report amendments at our next regular communication. Bros. C. Gear, M. Meeker and G. W. Britton were appointed to the committee. Lodge closed in harmony. Brother H. H. Gear said: "we had no regular place of meeting; the Lodge was poor and rents high." On May 28, 1828 Moses Meeker was elected Master and a committee appointed "to procure a suitable room for our next regular communication." This committee failed to report and another was appointed on July 24 to rent a room for "four months or a year." Another record reads: Monday, Dec. 2d, A.L. 5828, 9 o'clock. Lodge met pursuant to adjournment. The Lodge then proceeded to take charge of the funeral of Bro. Thos. H. January, who was buried according to the Ancient Masonic custom. Lodges Chartered by First Grand Lodge 81 Visiting brethren: Abner Fields, A. T. Crow, H. II. Gear, Jas. Douglas, of Davis Lodge No. 22, Lexington ( Ky ) — Woodbridge, L. Franklin, Union Lodge No. 7, Mo. and Morris Holmes of Morning Lodge, Albany. Moved and seconded, that a committee of five be appointed to re- move the body of our deceased brother's wife to the place of his inter- ment. The following were the committee: Bros. A. T. Crow, A. Philleo, Jas. Harris, Abner Fields and M. Faucette. Lodge closed in harmony. J. J. Chandler Sec. M. Meeker, Master. This was the first Masonic funeral in the northwestern part of the State. On December 12 the Master read an address relative to surrender- ing the charter. However, it was "Resolved, that the charter be re- tained and G.L. dues paid for 1827-28" and another committee was appointed to procure a suitable lodge room. On December 20th a committee was appointed to make arrangements for celebrating the twent>'-seventh by providing a "dinner, and obliging some brother to deliver an address." On the twenty-seventh Lodge met pursuant to adjournment, when the brethren proceeded to celebrate this day in due and ancient form. On motion of Bro. Chandler and seconded by Bro. Hunt, that Bros A — B be not pemiitted to walk in procession to-day. Carried by a unanimous vote of the Lodge. Why these two were not permitted to join the procession has ne\'er been made kno\\^l. Dec. 27th On motion Bros. Chandler, Holmes and Faucette were appointed a committee to get Bro. Chas Gear to lecture from day to day, until the brethren had made such ad\ance as would enable them to work. March 22, 1829 two candidates were examined in open Lodge as to their profiency in the first two degrees of Masonry, which proved satisfactory. This is the first record of a candidate's examination. On April 18 the committee appointed to procure a Tyler reported: The committee appointed to procure a Tyler, reported that Bro. James Harris would accept the station and perform the duties on the following terms: One dollar for each meeting, 50 cents for summoning members in town to special meetings and serving process from the Lodge, the same fees as the sheriff is allowed for serving summons. His duties will be to tile the Lodge, keep the room in order, have wood and candles 82 Freemasonry in Illinois supplied at tlic expense of tlie Lodge, and when the clothing wants wash- ing, he is to procure it done the Lodge to pay on his order for the same. On June 11, 1829 it was voted to postpone the election of officers. This resolution was offered : Resolved, That we return our charter to the G.M. or D.G.M. of Illinois, and apply to the G.L. of Mo. for a new one. Here ends the record of the first lodge in the northwestern part of the State. The lodge had thirty-five members. Sixty visitors were recorded. Galena Lodge U.D. This lodge worked under a dispensation from the Grand Lodge of Missouri. The first meeting was held on July 17, A.L. 5830. Officers and members present, Bro. Benjamin Mills, W.M.; Daniel Wann, S.W.; Moses Meeker, J.W. pt; Wm. Hempstead, S.D.; Samuel Smoker, Sec. Visitors:— Bros. Jas. A. Clark, Jas. Bums and Lewis M. Morse. Lodge opened in the third Degree. Committee on by-laws reported, and report recommitted. The next meeting was held on the 22nd and was entirely taken up with considering the by-laws. Only one other is recorded, the 29th. These three meetings close the record of Galena Lodge U.D. LaFayette Lodge No. 15 The first mention of this lodge is in the proceedings of January 3, 1825. A petition from certain brethren residing in Pike, Adams and Cal- houn, for a charter for a Lodge, to be located at Atlas, was read and referred to the committee on reports from Lodges. For January 7 we read from the report of the committee on subor- dinate lodges: The application of brethren residing in and near the county of Pike, for a charter, made a report that the prayer of the petitioners ought to be granted; which report was concurred in. No names were given in the proceedings as members of this lodge, but from the Chapman and Massie Histories of Pike County we learn that The first Masonic Lodge was held up-stairs, at the house of Col. Ross, in Atlas, between 1830 and 1834. The desk used on the occasion Lodges Chartered by First Grand Lodge 83 is still in the possession of Marcellus Ross. It is a plain box, strongly built, fifteen inches square and two and one-half feet high, and contains two shelves. In one side is a door swung on hinges. William Ross had the title of Colonel by appointment in the Illinois militia. It is on record that Nicholas Hanson, Levi Roberts, James W. Whitney, Ossian N. Ross, Belus Jones and Hampton Wade were mem- bers of this lodge. In the minutes of Bodley Lodge U.D. under date of November 3, 1835 we find: Meeting was held Nov. 3rd, at which J. W. Whitney was intro- duced as a member of LaFayette Lodge and appointed S. W. pt. A fire destroyed the earhj county records in 1829. Possibly the lodge records were in that building. No early records have ever been found. Cincinnatus Lodge No. 16 All that is known of this lodge is the short record in the 1826 pro- ceedings of the Grand Lodge: A petition was received from a number of brethren asking for a dispensation to organize a new lodge at Shawneetown but permission was granted to withdraw the petition as the petitioners had not settled their accounts with the Grand Lodge of Kentucky, to which they had formerly been a subordinate body, and that they were not recommended by a lodge subordinate to this Grand Lodge. The vote on the petition of the brethren of Shawneetown was recon- sidered and a charter ordered issued on January 1, 1827. It was re- solved : That Bro. James Hall be, and is hereby, authorized to install the first officers of Cinciimalns Lodge. This completes the known information about this lodge. No names were mentioned. The Kentucky record shows that Lawrence Lodge was dropped from their list of member lodges in 1824. The reference in 1826 about dues owed to the Grand Lodge of Kentucky is not understood. Chapter 7 LODGES 1835-1840 Bodley Lodge No. 97 On December 6, 1834 Daniel Harrison, Daniel Whipple, Henry King, Samuel W. Rogers, J. N. Ralston, Joshua Streeter, John Wood, Hiram Rogers, H. L. Montandon, A. Miller, Henry Asbury, J. T. Holmes, Nathaniel Pease, Michael Most, Salmon Cogswell, Richard M. Young, and Samuel Alexander met at Quincy to consider the ad- visability of establishing a lodge. It was resolved: That a petition be sent to the Grand Lodge of Kentucky, praying the grant of a Dispensation, or a Charter for a Lodge, and that Brother Daniel Harrison be recommended as Master, Bros. Daniel Whipple and H. King as Wardens. It was decided to name the lodge "Bodley," after Thomas Bodley who was one of the clerks of the convention which met on December 13, 1793. This convention recommended to the United States govern- ment the seizure and control of the Mississippi river alleging that as Spain was then engaged in a war which taxed all her energies, the seizure of the Spanish country might be easily made, and easily held. He was one of the three representatives of Lexington Lodge No. 1 in the convention of September 8, 1800 which organized the Grand Lodge of Kentucky and was clerk of the convention. He was Grand Secretary of the Grand Lodge in 1800-01-02. In connection with the filing of the petition for the dispensation it was resolved: That each Brother^ pay to Daniel Harrison the sum of two dollars, to be appropriated towards paying the expenses of said Dispensation or Charter. Nothing further was done until October 19, 1835. That day the record reads: Notice having been given that the Grand Lodge of Kentucky had at their annual communication, held in Louisville, on the 31st day of 84 Lodges 1835-1840 85 August, A.L. 5835, granted a Dispensation for a Lodge to be held in Quincy, 111., to be styled Bodley Lodge U.D., to continue one year, and that the R. W. Richard Apperson G.M. G.L. Ky, had deputised Bro. H. H. Snow to install the several officers named in the said warrant of Dis- pensation, to set the craft to work, &c; and that October 19th A.L. 5835, had been appointed for that purpose, the brethren met agreeably to appointment. On July 2, 1836 Harrison Dills petitioned for the degrees. Brother Dills became Grand Master in 1857 and then served as Grand Treas- urer from 1863 to 1875. May 1, 1837 Resolved, That the members of this lodge celebrate the anniver- sary of St. John the Baptist, and that Bros. James Murphy, James McClain, S. W. Rogers, J. N. Ralston, and Thomas Carter be the committee on arrangements, with full power to provide a dinner, an orator and a preacher to ofBciate on said occasion; to invite our brothers of Palmyra ( Mo. ) and elsewhere to attend, and most respectfully to invite the ladies, to partake of the festivities of the occasion; in short, all acts for the comfort, convenience and good order of the occasion. This year was the first reference to forming a Grand Lodge when a committee was appointed to ascertain how many lodges there were in the state. On October 3, 1838 a committee was appointed to procure a "lot of ground" for the purpose of building a lodge room thereon; and it was resolved that they should immediately build a hall. On November 3 a petition for a lodge at Columbus was recom- mended. That year some of the members became discouraged and a resolution was introduced that it was expedient to return the charter to the Grand Lodge of Kentucky. Fortunately it was not adopted. On December 1 three members were expelled from the lodge "for taking leave without notifying their creditors of their intention to do so." One was described as being by occupation "a blacksmith and a Metliodist." On December 27 the building committee reported that a building 20 by 35 feet, two stories high, would cost $1,600.00. The committee reported subscriptions amounting to $600.00. Nothing further was done about constructing the building. On April 2, 1839 the question of a building was again brought up and an adverse report was made. However, twenty dollars was voted to the Trustees of the Methodist church which evidently was for permission to use the "garret" of the 86 Freemasonry in Illinois church. On June 4 the committee reported suitable arrangements with Brother Most to use his two story building on the square for $60. Here ends the history of this lodge while under dispensation. The Grand Lodge of Illinois was organized in 1840 and No. 97 became No. 1. Equality Lodge No. 102 Kaskaskia raised grain and stock; Equality made salt. We are told that as early as 1685 an expedition came to establish a traffic in salt in order that the subjects of His Majesty King Louis XIV might have a regular supply of aforesaid commodity. In 1810 the Post Office Department established a post office at Saline; in 1827 the name was changed to Equality from the French word "Egalite" meaning Equality. Ten years later the Grand Lodge of Kentucky issued a dispensation for Equality Lodge U.D. The first meeting was held on April 7, 1837. The date of the petition for the dispensation is unknown. The first meeting was in charge of James C. Weller, of Clinton Lodge No. 82, Kentucky, who acted as Master, assisted by the following officers: H. P. Williams, Senior Warden; Arnold B. Dake, Junior Warden; Absolom Ashby, Secretary; Willis Hargrave, Treasurer; Israel D. Towles, Senior Deacon; C. C. Lockett, Junior Deacon; Thomas Pruett, Steward; and Edward Jones, Tyler. The lodge was opened on the third degree after which it moved in procession to the court house in Equality where the following officers were installed: Arnold B. Dake, Worshipful Master; William Siddall, Senior Warden; Edward Levell, Junior Warden; Absolom Ashby, Sec- retary; Willis Hargrave, Treasurer; Israel D. Towles, Senior Deacon; William Burnett, Junior Deacon; S. D. Hawke, Steward and Tyler. The first business was to conduct the funeral of a brother. The record reads: The Rev James Alexander, by previous appointment and request, proceeded to pronounce the funeral service of our departed and much lamented worthy brother, Tyler D. Hewitt, after which a procession was formed and proceeded to the grave, where the usual ceremonies observed on such occasions were performed by the Worshipful Master. The Lodge from thence proceeded to Mr. Lane's to partake of a collation prepared for the occasion, and then proceeded to the lodge room. The next meeting was held April 11th, at which time six petitions were read. June 24th with twenty-one members present the Lodge Lodges 1835-1840 87 elected officers for a six months term. The officers were installed, lodge called from labor to refreshment and the brethren repaired to the house of Mr. S. R. Rowan where they were again called on and a procession formed according to ancient usage. The lodge then proceeded to the court house and heard a sennon by Rev. James Alexander and prayer by Rev. Benjamin Bruce, after which they proceeded to the house of Mr. Lewis Reed, joined by the clergy and ladies where they partook of an excellent collation prepared for the occasion. The dispensation was returned to the Grand Lodge of Kentucky accompanied by the following letter: Equality Lodge U.D. Saturday, August 5, A.D. 1837, A.L. 5837. Phillip Swigert, Gd. Secy, of Kentucky: Sir: Accompanying this communication please receive the return of Equality Lodge U.D. held in Equality, Gallatin county, State of Illinois. It will be perceived from the return that since the 7th of April last, the date of the installation of this Lodge, many new members have been made, and much business done, and that with almost unprecedented rapidity; but I am instructed to say that this appearance will not, it is hoped, prejudice the application of this Lodge to the G.L. of Kentucky for a charter. The long suspension of almost all Lodges in the western country from labor, occasioned by a circumstance occuring several years since in one of the eastern States, and well known to Masons, has just so long left many friendly to Masonry without the means of becoming members until the opening of this Lodge; and it is believed that this will furnish sufficient apolog>', if any be needed, for the celerity with which work has been done here. I am instructed also to state that in ever>' instance of a de\iation from the bye-laws, tliey have been formally and by unanimous vote dis- pensed with, and, also, that in all cases of new members, they have long been intimately acquainted with the elders; and, further, that in almost every instance, when the bye-laws have been dispensed with, it has appeared to be a case of some emergency. Not knowing whether it be necessary to send with this return a copy of the bye-laws of this lodge, it is not sent; but this Lodge works under a literal copy of the bye-laws of Clinton Lodge No. 82, Kentuck>'. Please also receive enclosed fifteen dollars for the dispensation, and balance remitted for charter of this Lodge. I am also instructed to make direct application to the G.L. of Ken- tucky, in this mode, for a charter to this Lodge, by the name of Equality Lodge No.— It is supposed that the sum remitted will be sufficient, if not, the remainder will be sent on the first notice. It would be acknowledged as a favor if you would inform the Secre- tary of this Lodge what would be the probable cost of jewels, well made and reasonably heavy, for a Master's Lodge. 88 Freemasonry in Illinois With sentiments of great respect, and due consideration, I am, respectfully, your obedient servant. Wm. J. Gatewood, Sec. Equality Lodge U.D. P.S. The Lodge was installed April 7th, 1837. by J. C. Weller, of Clinton Lodge No. 82, Kentucky. Proceedings of Grand Lodge of Kentucky, August 29, 1837: Brother Apperson, from the Committee on Lodges U.D., made the following report, which was read and concurred in, viz.: The Committee on Lodges Under Dispensation, would beg leave to further report that Equality Lodge U. D., at the town of Equality, county of Gallatin, and state of Illinois, has forwarded a letter to the Grand Lodge accompanied by a letter from Brother J. C. Waller, who was the proxy of the Grand Master, in installing the officers of the said Lodge, and setting them to work, which communications are satisfactory. By the return of the said Lodge, it appears that there has been some irregularity in their works, and although their records have not been forwarded, yet one member of your committee has examined the records of the Lodge and found them generally correct, with some slight irregu- larities; but the officers of the Lodge had taken the pains to visit an older Lodge than theirs, to learn more perfectly how to work, and to inspect the proceeding thereof; the dispensation is returned, and a charter prayed for. Your committee would submit the following resolution: Resolved, that the prayer of said Lodge, for a charter, is reason- able, and that it be designated by the name of Equality Lodge No. 102. The committee on Lodges U.D. found the records satisfactory and Resolved, that the prayer of said Lodge, for a charter, is reason- able, and that it be designated by the name Equality Lodge No. 102. The return for the year 1839 reads: Stated meetings— 1st Saturdays Officers A. B. Dake, Master Robert T. Hopper, Treasurer T. Dunn, S. Warden Joseph E. Watkins, S. Dea. Thos H. Leavell, Jr. Warden S. S. Scudder Jr. Dea. E. Jones, Secretary Thos. J. Lindsey, S., & Tyler Past Masters A. B. Dake A. W. Pool Master Masons Lee Hargrave Wm. J. Gatewood WiUis Hargrave Jos Choisser James W. Hamilton Abraham Irvin Israel D. Towle John M. Barnet Hampton Weed B. C. Crow Lodcies 1835-1840 89 E. H. Gatewood Wm. Liddale L. W. Hargrave E. Dobbins E. Leavell Absoloni Ashby Wm. Burnet V. F. Evans Wm. Forrester S. R. Rowan B. Rice John Young A. B. Dake, Master Moses Thompson E.A. Dues $28 not paid. Fellow Crafts Entered Apprentices Dead Expelled 7 initiations. Wm. F. Hewitt Harri.son Wilson B. R. Young Samuel Gairy James H. Bennet S. D. Hawke Jas. Williams Solomon Holt Thomas Pickering John Howard Wm. Chrisser Wm. F. Hewitt, M.M. In 1838 the lodge laid the cornerstone of the Public Works at Shawneetown, a full account of which will be found in another chap- ter. On July 20, 1839 a request was received from the "Bank of Illinois" at Shawneetown, asking the lodge to lay the cornerstone of their "New Banking House," which was done "according to ancient form." In a history written in 1887 the building was thus described: A massive stone structure, four stories high, with five massive corru- gated Doric columns in front, built at a cost of $80,000.00 Aug. 31st, 1842: Brother Secretary submitted to the Grand Lodge two communica- tions from a committee of Equality Lodge No. 102, praying a remission of their dues, and leave to surrender their Charter, with a view to attach themselves to the jurisdiction of the Grand Lodge of Illinois, which com- munication being read: — Brother Swigert offered the following preamble and resolution, which was read and adopted: — Whereas, since the establishment of Ecjuality Lodge, No. 102, in the State of Illinois, by this Grand Lodge, there has been formed, in that State, a Grand Lodge; and, whereas, the members composing said Lodge having expressed a desire (on account of convenience to them), to with- draw from under the jurisdiction of this Grand Lodge, with a \iew to attach themselves to the Grand Lodge of Illinois— therefore. Resolved, that this Grand Lodge will cheerfully surrender their jurisdiction over said Lodge, and accept the surrender of the Charter of the same, whenever tendered, and recommend to the said Lodge to remit the dues of its members so far as their situation will permit. 90 Freemasonry in Illinois Thus was started the lodge that is now No. 2 on the Grand Lodge rolls. It has faithfully made returns and paid per capita tax with one notable exception, which was in 1847: Whereas, This Grand Lodge has been satisfactorily informed that Equahty Lodge No. 2, has been unable to enjoy Masonic privileges during the past year, from the absence of her officers and most of her members in Mexico and elsewhere, therefore, Resolved, That the dues of Equality Lodge No. 2, be remitted for the past year. According to tradition Ai'nold B. Dake, the first Master, was a nephew of Benedict Arnold and reversed his first and middle names because of the stigma attached to his uncle's disgraceful act. He was described as a very retiring man and a "highly respected old gentle- man." He was Junior Deacon in Lawrence Lodge No. 34 in 1824; Junior Warden of Albion Lodge No. 9 in 1822; and Grand Marshall of the Grand Lodge in 1827. In later years Equality Lodge recommended the formation of Eldorado Lodge No. 730, Ridgeway Lodge No. 816 and lola Lodge No. 691. Harmony Lodge No. 24 Proceedings of Grand Lodge of Missouri, October 4, 1837: A petition from sundry brethren Master Masons, praying for a dis- pensation to hold a Lodge at Jacksonville, IlHnois, was read, and on motion, the prayer of the petitioners was granted; whereupon the Most Worshipful Grand Master ordered a dispensation to be issued. The petition was signed by thirteen brethren and had been pre- sented to St. Louis Lodge No. 20 for recommendation, which was granted. The signers were:— John T. Jones, late of Miami No. 45, Ohio; W. B. Warren, late of Mt Vernon No. 14, Ky.; A. Dunlap, late of Murray No. 35, Ky.; Wm. S. Vance, late of Murray No. 35, Ky.; P. Coffman, late of Davis No. 22, Lex., Ky.; James L. James, late of Brearly Lodge No. 9, New Jersey; Samuel M. Prosser late of Mt. Olivet, Va.; George Henry late of Lexington No. 1, Ky.; Mat. Stacy late of Hopkinsville, Ky.; George Hackett, IlUon No. 12; Benj. Harvey, late of Lexington No. 1, Ky.; Richard Henry, late of Lexington No. 1, Ky.; Dennis Rockwell, Illion No. 12, Illinois. John T. Jones was named Master, W. B. Warren, S.W. and Alex- ander Dunlap, J.W., Oct 2, 1838. (G.L. Mo. Pro). The committee on work and credentials reported: Lodges 1835-1840 91 They have also examined the records of the Jacksonville Harmony Lodge, working under a dispensation, and find their work generally cor- rect. It appears, however, that on the 18th August, John Gregor>', a candidate for the Master's degree was balloted for in a Lodge of Entered Apprentices, the candidate himself being present. They have also failed to send a copy of their By-Laws, or a transcript of their Proceedings, but have sent us the Secretary's books in which the committee find their By-Laws, which they have examined, and in which they find nothing inconsistent with the Constitution or the By-Laws of this Grand Lodge. The committee recommended the following resolution: Resolved, That a charter be granted to Jacksonville Harmony Lodge. In 1839 the lodge paid dues in full-$ 14.25 to the Grand Lodge of Missouri. Charity was early recognized by the lodge. February 4, 1839: On motion, it was voted that twenty dollars be appropriated out of the funds of this Lodge for the relief of a Mr. Elder, a poor person, who has had the misfortune to have his legs broken. At a private subscription ten more dollars were raised for his benefit. This lodge took the leading part in organizing the Grand Lodge of Illinois but it did not inform the Grand Lodge of Missouri of that fact. At the 1840 communication of that Grand Lodge, Harmony Lodge No. 24 was not represented. However, Springfield Lodge No. 26 sent a communication announcing its withdrawal to join the Grand Lodge of Illinois. This caused the following resolution: Resolved, That the communication from Springfield Lodge be re- ferred to the Grand Secretary, that he open a correspondence with said Lodge, for the purpose of ascertaining what Lodges working under Charters from this Grand Lodge, have united and formed themselves into a Grand Lodge, and designated the Grand Lodge of Illinois. Franklin Lodge No. 22 Proceedings of Grand Lodge of Missouri, October 3, 1837: The Grand Secretary announced that a dispensation had been granted during recess of the Grand Lodge for Franklin Lodge No. 22 Alton, Illinois, Nov. 9, A.L. 5836. Twenty dollars was received with the petition for the dispensation. The charter was granted Oct. 5, 1838. (Hist, of M. inlll. J.C.R.) Franklin Lodge, Alton lUinois, April 18th, A.D. 1837, A.L. 5837. In open Lodge working on the third degree of Masonr>-. Brother Worshipful Alexander Hart tendered his resignation as 92 Freemasonry in Illinois Master of this Lodge, which was accepted, subject to the consent of the M.W.G. Lodge. Brother Benjamin Walker, Senior Warden, tendered his resignation, which was accepted, subject to the consent of the M.W.G. Lodge. On motion: Resolved, That the Lodge now proceed to the election of Worshipful Master and Senior Warden, to fill the vacancies occasioned by the resignation of Bros. Hart and Walker. Whereupon a ballot was taken and Brother Charles Howard was duly elected Worshipful Master, and brother Henry P. Bundle was duly elected Senior Warden. Resolved, That the Secretary be requested to transmit to the officers of the Most Worshipful Grand Lodge at St. Louis, respectfully soliciting their advice and consent to the appointment of Brother Charles Howard, Worshipful Master, Brother Henry P. Rundel, Senior Warden, and that Brother Jacob C. Brunner be continued Junior Warden of their Lodge. I, Samuel C. Pierce, Secretary of Franklin Lodge, at Alton, Illinois, working under a dispensation from the M.W. Grand Lodge of the State of Missouri, do certify that the foregoing is a true copy from the proceed- ings of said Lodge. Given under my hand and private seal, as Secretary, this 19th day of April, A.D. 1837, A.L. 5837. S. C. Pierce. Secy. Upon receipt of this letter a new dispensation, signed by S. W. B. Carnegy, Grand Master, and Richard B. Dallam, Grand Secretary, was issued bearing date of May 10, 1837, in which Charles Howard was named Master, Henry P. Rundel, Senior Warden and Jacob C. Bruner, Junior Warden. The lodge was represented at the Grand Lodge of Missouri in 1837 by S. C. Pierce. In 1838, at the October communication Henry P. Rundel represented the lodge. Brother Rundel was a member of the committee on "Communications from Grand and Foreign Lodges." Brother Melody, Grand Treasurer, reported that he had installed the officers of Franklin Lodge No. 22. The returns were so full of errors that the committee: Resolved, That Franklin Lodge No. 22, have leave to withdraw their returns with instructions to send up to the Grand Secretary, with as little delay as possible, a more perfect transcript of their proceedings. The lodge held no meetings during 1839-40. On September 1, a petition was forwarded to the Grand Lodge of Missouri: To the Most Worshipful Grand Master, Grand Wardens and brethren of the G. L. of Missouri: Brethren:— The undersigned the only remaining members of Frank- lin Lodge No. 22, now residing in Alton, beg leave to make a plain and Lodges 1835-1840 93 unvarnished statement of the facts in regard to our Lodge, which is now under the censure of the Grand Lodge: We sent a delegate to the Grand Lodge, at its regular communica- tion in October, 1838, with a transcript of our work for the preceeding year. Also the amount of our Grand Lodge dues up to that time. That transcript was made out by an aged and paralytic (but very worthy) brother, hence its illegibility. The dues, it appears, were not paid. As our work was not received, we presume our delegate thought it best to retain the money. We have done no work since Nov. 1838, owing to the death of sev- eral of our most efficient members, the removal of others, and the entire pecuniary prostration of all. We have nothing left to work upon. Nothing but zeal for the cause, and love for the fraternity. And we respectfully ask of the Grand Lodge that they will not hold the few who remain, and who are poor, accountable for the past dues of our Lodge. Brethren, in all frankness and sincerity, we say we are not able to pay you without serious injury to our families. We therefore, beseech you brethren, by your bowels of— charity to forgive the past. We are now ready to go to work again, and under favorable circum- stances and trust that hereafter no just cause of complaint will be found against us. Charles Howard Robert McFarland Jabez Carter J. C. Bruner William Lowe Jr. John A. Maxey Harvey S. Summers William Stein Wesley No) and J. W. Collett. Sep. 1st A.L. 5841, A.D. 1841 The lodge had been ordered to return a transcript of its proceed- ings for the years 1838 and 1839 and show cause why their charter should not be revoked, but, as no report was received it was Resolved, That said lodge be required to transmit to the Grand Secretary, a full and complet(> transcript of her Proceedings for the years 1838, 1839, 1840; also her dues up to this time, by the first day of January, 1841, and in default thereof, that her charter be revoked and she be required to return her charter, together with the jewels, and furniture of her lodge, to the Grand Secretary of this Grand Lodge. On September 7, 1842 the lodge moved to Upper Alton. On October 7, 1843 a communication was sent to the Grand Lodge of Missouri reading: 94 Freemasonry in Illinois Resolved, That our delegation to the grand annual communication of the Grand Lodge of Missouri, to be holden on the second Monday in October next, are hereby instructed to apply to said Grand Lodge for permission for this Lodge to report to, and join the Grand Lodge of Illinois at its grand annual communication in A.L. 5844. Resolved, That we feel grateful to the officers and members of the Grand Lodge of Missouri for the many acts of kindness which they have conferred upon us, and that we tender them our fraternal acknowledge- ments for the same. In 1844 the committee on returns and work reported having ex- amined the records of FrankHn Lodge No. 25 at Upper Alton, and finding said returns correct and the dues paid. This is the beginning of the record of this lodge under the Grand Lodge of Illinois and with this we close the record for this history. Far West Lodge No. 29 On December 28, 1838, pursuant to a public notice, the following Master Masons met in the "Chamber of Commerce": Chas. Gear, H. H. Gear, S. McLean, A. T. Crow, M. Faucette, John Sherman, T. B. Farnsworth, E. W. Turner, John E. Smith, R. Pattison and Jas. A. Clark. A lodge was organized with the following oflBcers: Chas. Gear, Worshipful Master; E. W. Turner, Senior Warden; S. McLean, Junior Warden; T. B. Farnsworth, Treasurer; John E. Smith, Secretary; A. T. Crow, Senior Deacon; H. H. Gear, Junior Deacon; and M. Faucette, Tyler. A petition for a dispensation was drawn up and signed by all those named and three others— Daniel Wann, George M. Mitchell and Samuel Smoker. One well known citizen and member was prevented from signing on account of the following resolution: Resolved, That owing to the atheistical opinions, as publicly ex- pressed by A.B. he is unworthy of being taken by the hand as a Mason. Which was unanimously adopted. A committee reported on January 5, 1839 that a room had been secured and each member contributed five dollars towards fitting up the lodge. A committee to look up the jewels of the old lodge reported that only the Senior and Junior Wardens' columns could be found. The dispensation was received on March 23, 1839. Lodges 1835-1840 95 George M. Mitchell made the long journey from Galena to St. Louis to represent the lodge and get the charter. The committee on work reported: Your committee on work have had submitted to them the work of Far West Lodge, held at Galena, Illinois, working under a dispensation, and respectfully report: That their work conforms generally to the Constitution and By-Laws of this Grand Lodge. They have, however, like many others of the sub- ordinate Lodges, fallen into the erroneous practice of doing most of their work in a lodge of Entered Apprentices. Resolved, That the practice of working in a lodge of Entered Ap- prentices is an innovation on the ancient usage and practice of Masonry. Resolved, That a Charter be granted to Far West Lodge, in accord- ance with their prayer. The officers were installed on November 16, 1839 in the stone building on the east side of Main Street, opposite Diagonally, then used as a Court House, by Past Master Wilham R. Smith of Pennsyl- vania. He delivered an oration on that occasion which was so highly appreciated that 500 copies were ordered printed. The Secretary reported twenty-seven Master Masons and three Entered Apprentices; also cash received, $353.87; paid out $352.75; leaving a balance on hand of $1.12. On May 16 the lodge recommended the petition of "certain Master Masons for a Lodge to be located at Mineral Point, Wisconsin." On August 22 petitions were recommended for lodges at Dubuque, Iowa Territory, and Platteville, Wisconsin. After meeting in the Court House for a year the lodge moved to the commodious stone house on the east side of the river owned by Bro. John P. DeZoya, where they met in regular communication in the years 1843-4. On March 21, 1840 the Secretary was instructed to inquire of the Grand Secretary of Illinois on what terms a charter can be pro- curred. On December 26, 1844 a resolution was adopted that application be made to the Grand Lodge of Wisconsin for a Charter, and, if granted, that the name be Galena Lodge. Action of Grand Lodge of Wisconsin: Jan. 8, 1845— A communication was presented from Far West Lodge 96 Freemasonry in Illinois of Galena, Illinois, and a copy of a resolution making application for a charter from this Grand Lodge. This communication was read and re- ferred to a committee of three members of the Grand Lodge. The report of the committee was: Resolved, That a charter be issued to the Far West Lodge, at Galena, under and by the name of Galena Lodge, as prayed for; that the said Charter be issued with its date and number blank and kept by the Grand Secretary of this Grand Lodge until the said Far West Lodge shall place in his hands the proper legal evidence of its dimission from tlie Grand Lodge of Missouri, when he shall date, number and deliver said Charter to the said Lodge from and after which time, if accepted by Galena Lodge, it shall be taken to remain under the jurisdiction of this Grand Lodge. Resolved, That no other fee shall be demanded for said Charter than the regular fees of the Grand Secretary. At the third annual communication of the Grand Lodge of Wis- consin the Grand Secretary referred to the granting of a dispensation for the lodge at Galena, Illinois as follows: I have, on the 23rd December last, by and under the order of R.W. G.M. Moses Meeker, made out and delivered a dispensation for a Lodge in Galena, Illinois. I was not certain at that time, neither am I now, that this Grand Lodge had the power or authority to do so; or that the R.W.G.M. had the authority to act in the premises. I submit to the G. Lodge the propriety of specifying plainly in whom this authority of M.W. Grand Master is vested, when that person or officer is absent; whether in the Deputy Grand Master or the Senior Grand Warden. There seems to have been some difference of opinion on this subject, which it would seem, proves that there is ambiguity in the constitution on that subject. At the fourth annual communication the Grand Master reported: In regard to Kavanaugh and Galena Lodges, whose dispensations were continued at the last meeting of the Grand Lodge, it is presumed that all controversy is at an end. Soon after the adjournment I com- mimicated to the M.W.G.M. of Illinois the action of this Grand Lodge, and sometime afterwards, I had a personal interview with him during which the subject was at large and fraternally discussed. He deemed the assertion of the jurisdiction of the Grand Lodge of Illinois as essential to the best interests of the craft in that State. But at the same time gave frequent expression to those kind and truly Masonic feelings which so distinguish him, at the same time intimating his intention of visiting the region of country in which those Lodges are situated. In July Kavanaugh Lodge returned her dispensation and announced Lodges 1835-1840 97 the fact that she had taken authority from Illinois, and soon after the Galena Lodge returned her dispensation, but whether to continue her existence under the jurisdiction of Illinois or to go out altogether I am not informed. As these Lodges, therefore, have voluntarily relinquished their claim for protection upon this Grand Lodge and attached them- selves to the Grand Lodge of Illinois, no further action is necessary but to discharge them from the books of the Secretary with our best wishes for their prosperity and happiness. On June 22, 1846 Grand Master W. F. Walker was present and presided. The Lodge was opened in ample form when it was resolved that We accept a Charter from the Grand Lodge of Illinois, and return our present Charter to the Grand Lodge of Missouri. Grand Master Walker reported: In June I had the happiness to terminate the then pending contro- versy between our Grand Lodge and that of Wisconsin on the subject of an infringement by that Grand Lodge of our jurisdiction at Galena and Elizabeth, by granting to Far West Lodge a charter, and to Kavanaugh Lodge, at Elizabeth, a dispensation in place of the authority under which each had before worked. At Galena a second Lodge had been constituted by the Junior Grand Warden of the Grand Lodge of Wisconsin; but this irregular organiza- tion was speedily abandoned, and now all arc united in Far West Lodge No. 5, working under the Grand Lodge of Illinois. The reason for asking a charter from the Grand Lodge of Wis- consin was on account of the great distance to the Grand Lodges of Missouri and Illinois. Then the members were intimately connected with the lead mines in southwestern Wisconsin. In 1846 a charter was issued to Far West Lodge No. 41; and a resolution Resolved, unanimously. That the truly Masonic course of the Grand Lodge of Wisconsin, in relation to the disputed jurisdiction in the cases of Far West and Kavanaugh Lodges, demands the expression of the most cordial approbation of this Grand Lodge. This brings the history of Far West Lodge up to the time it became a member of the Grand Lodge of Illinois. It ceased to exist in 1852. Springfield Lodge No. 26 On January 27, 1839 the following brethren signed a petition to the Grand Lodge of Missouri, asking for a dispensation to open and hold a Lodge at Springfield, namely: J. Adams, late member of the lodge at Skaneatles, New York; James R. Gray, late member of Vesper 98 Freemasonry in Illinois Lodge, Kentucky; Alex'r Lindsay, late member of Star Lodge No. 197, Pennsylvania; Philo Beers, Montgomery Lodge, New York; Henry Colestock, Perseverance Lodge, No. 21, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania; L. S. Cornwell, Bowling Green No. 73, Kentucky; Martin Doyle, Lodge No. 39, Ireland; J. R. Braucher, Lodge No. 33, CircleviUe, Ohio; Bela Webster, Whitesboro Lodge No. 315, New York; James Maxcy, Bowl- ing Green Lodge No. 73, Kentucky. The petition being recommended by Harmony Lodge No. 24, a dispensation, dated February 25, 1839, and signed by S. W. B. Camegy, Grand Master, attested by Richard B. Dallam, Grand Secretary, was issued. Brother Adams was named Master; James R. Gray, Senior Warden; and Alexander Lindsay, Junior Warden. Brother Adams was a visitor at the Grand Lodge of Illinois in 1826, and Brother Beers was a charter member of Eden Lodge No. 11. The minutes of the first meeting read: At a meeting of Master, Wardens and Brethren of Springfield Lodge, No. — held at the "American House," on Saturday evening, April 20th, A.D. 1839, A.L. 5839. Opened on the Master's Degree. Brethren present : James Adams, W.M. James R. gray, S.W. Alexander Lindsay. J.W. M. Doyle, James Maxcy, Samuel L. Hesser, James Zwisler Jr., Joseph Firey, M. A. Kelly, Wm. Cudmore, and Love S. Cornwell. Bro. Adams, M. in chair. On motion of Bro. Lindsay. Resolved, That the members present now organize, so far as to elect their officers for the ensuing year. On motion of Bro. Firey, That the officers be elected viva voce Whereupon the following were elected unanimously: Love S. Cornwell, Secretary, Maurice Doyle, Treasurer, James Maxcy, Tyler. and appointed by W.M. Philo Beers, S.D. Wm Cudmore, J.D. M. Helm, ist M.C. M. A. Kelly, 2d, M.C. On motion of Bro. Lindsay, Resolved, That we invite Bro. Helm to install the officers of this Lodge. Lodges 1835-1840 99 On motion of Bro. Gray, That we meet Thursday evening ( 25tli inst) at half past 6 o'clock, for the purpose of installing the officers. On motion, adjourned. J. Adams, Master L. S. Comwell, Secretary. The report to the Grand Lodge of Missouri reads: From the abstract furnished by the Springfield Lodge of their work, it appears that their proceedings have all been done regularly, and in conformity with the By-Laws and Constitution of the Grand Lodge of this State, except in the practice of taking ballots in a lodge of Entered Apprentices. Oct 28th, the lodge was duly constituted, the following brethren being present: A. B. Chambers, G.M.; Wm. B. Warren, D.G.M.; Wm S. Vance, S.G.W.; M. Helm, J.G.W.; M. J. Kelly, S.G.D.; W. Cudmore, J.G.D.; James Zwisler, G. Tyler; James Adams, James R. Gray; J. B. Braucher, R. C. Webster, S. L. Hesser, J. Wickersham, W. Briggs, J. S. Killaly, and J. F. Reed. Oct. 7, 1840: The committee on petitions and memorials reported: A memorial from Springfield Lodge, 111., has also been laid before them. This memorial respectfully represents that as a Grand Lodge has been formed in the State of Illinois, they wish, for the sake of greater convenience, to Dissolve their connection with this Grand Lodge and attach themselves to that of Illinois. It appears to your committee that the said Lodge has acted in good faith toward this Grand Lodge, and have returned their Charter, together with a transcript of their Proceedings up to the time of their connection with the Grand Lodge of Illinois. Resolved, Therefore, that the said memorial and charter be received, and that they have permission to determine their connection with this Grand Lodge. On April 19, 1841 Brother Helm offered the following resolution: Whereas, In the judgment of this Lodge, circumstances which are incompatible with the peace, harmony, and well-being of the Lodge, and which are otherwise incurable; therefore be it Resolved, That Springfield Lodge No. 4 be and it is hereby dis- solved, and that it cease to exist, work, or act in any manner or form from and after the close of the present meeting. RcsoKcd, 2d. Tliat the Secretary be directed to return to tlie Sec- retary of the Grand Lodge our charter, together with a cop\' of the fore- going resolutions, signed by the Master, and countersigned by the Secretary. The resolution was not adopted and a substitute was offered: Moved, That if the bretliren, members of this Lodge who are willing 100 Freemasonry in Illinois to withdraw and form a new Lodge, shall do so, this Lodge hereby agrees to recommend the petition of said brethren for a dispensation, and to pay them seventy-five dollars out of the funds of this Lodge to assist them in the formation of a new Lodge. This was carried and on April 26 the following brethren asked leave to withdraw: Alexander Lindsay, Morris Lindsay, Alexander Shields, J. R. Braucher, George R. Webber, L. B. Adams, and W. T. Pride. A petition for a dispensation was then presented and, on motion: Resolved, That this Lodge recommend said petition to the favorable consideration of the Grand Master, Resolved, That so much of the first section of the 9th Art. of the by-laws as requires members withdrawing from the Lodge to pay dues for the quarter current, be suspended, and that they, the brethren who have withdrawn tonight, be remitted their dues for the present quarter. Whereupon the Deputy Grand Master (M. Helm) addressed the Lodge, and after having given the Lodge various wholesome advice, concluded by assuring them that in future he would refrain altogether from taking part in the ordinary business of the Lodge. On June 24, Bro. M. Helm resigned as Master and Love S. Cornwell was elected to fill the vacancy. The dispensation for the new lodge was not granted. Columbus Lodge The dispensation was granted on June 3, 1839 and named Abraham Jonas, Master, Daniel Harrison, Senior Warden, and John G. Driskill, Junior Warden. Accompanying the dispensation was the following letter from the Grand Master S. W. B. Carnegy, Missouri: Palmyra, 3d June, 1839. To Bros. Jonas, Harrison, Driskill, Clarkson, Neil, Touzalin, McGorian, and Griffin Gentlemen:— The dispensation for which you have petitioned is here- with enclosed, and I avail myself at the same time of this opportunity to express to you my brothers, and through you to those who may in future be associated with you in the glorious undertaking in which you have embarked, the very heartfelt pleasure which I have in contributing my little aid for the advancement of the ancient fraternity of Masons. Allow me, my brothers, at the same time to express my great solicitude for the honor and happiness of the Craft. Those that bear the high honor of being members among those who have entered into covenant with the fraternity, passed the square, and seen suspended the initial of the name of our celestial G.M., and been raised to the honor of bearing the emblem of power, and of using the trowel— those, permit me to say, should be holy, harmless and undefiled. Having separated themselves Lodges 1835-1840 101 from the common mass of men, and taken tlieir stand in front ranks of those who would be useful, charitable, and moral, let me urge you by every consideration, the honor of the name of Mason— the claims of our fellow-men upon us, for examples of charity, fnigality, temperance, fortitude, justice, and patriotism— by our high and holy origin— our honorable connections here, and our glorious destiny hereafter— to guard well the entering in of the sanctuary, and house of Masonry. Let no one that is immoral, or in the least degree predisposed to intemperance, so much as enter even the outer courts of your glorious temple. There are but very few in the world worthy of a knowledge of our art, and there ought to be but few Masons, therefore, and so long as we are but few in number, and consist of the true, the moral, and temperate, we are safe, and may be happy. The best evidence of speedy ruin to any Lodge, is that they increase very fast— that they are very numerous. Hoping that none but the worthy will ever receive from your Lodge admission into our mysteries, and that you may now in this far western hemisphere and newly settled country, in this favored region, far removed from the storm of anti-Masonry which has with so much bigotry, hatred, and zeal swept over the eastern Lodges, so lay the foundation of the edifice, deep and strong, that in due time we may "bring forth the cape stone with shouting and praise," that we may receive the appellation of "good Master" each for himself, that may at last in that character "lay aside the level and plumbline, the gavel and trowel, the compass and square," and be greeted and welcomed to the Temple of God, not made with hands, eternal in the heavens, is the anxious wish of your friend and brother. S. W. B. Camegy. The lodge continued to exist but never prospered and in 1846 a letter from Past Grand Master Jonas said: The few brethren who live at Columbus intend to surrender their charter, as they nimiber too few to carry on a lodge. The charter was surrendered in 1847. Membership in 1841 was 12; in 1842, 25; in 1843, 19. No further reports. Temp erance Lodge No. 27 On June 30, 1838 a dispensation was issued by the Grand Lodge of Missouri to Wiltiam Hodge, Master, John D. Gorin, Senior Warden, Nathaniel M. McCurdy, Junior Warden and others to open and hold a lodge to be known as Temperance Lodge U.D. in Vandalia. The lodge did no work under this dispensation and at the meetiiTg~6f the Grand Lodge in October stated the reasons why they had not been able to send a copy of their proceedings and asked for a renewal of their dispensation. Whereupon it was 102 Freemasonry in Illinois Resolved, That the Dispensation authorizing the opening of a Lodge at VandaHa be renewed, and that said Lodge be required to send up to the next Grand Annual Communication, a complete copy of their Proceedings, with a copy of their By-Laws, all of which is respectfully submitted. Alex. T. Douglas Thomas Andrews In 1839 the committee on work examined the proceedings of Tem- perance Lodge and found them conforming generally to the Consti- tution and by-laws of the Grand Lodge but some errors were noted: such as receiving petitions and referring them to committees; re- ceiving reports of committees on petitions; and other business of the Lodge by Entered Apprentices; reading the proceedings of previous meetings to Entered Apprentices, even when a part of those proceedings related to the transactions of the lodge as Master Masons; such mode of work having heretofore often met the marked disapprobation of the Grand Lodge, your committee deem further comment unnecessary. Your committee refrain from the expression of any opinion as to the propriety of permitting petitions to be withdrawn after presentation and reference, but before final action had, as has been allowed by that lodge. Your committee submit the following resolution, and recommend its adoption: Resolved, That a Charter be issued to Temperance Lodge, at Van- dalia. 111. P. H. Mcbride W. S. Vance Th. Douglas In 1843 the Grand Master said: I am gratified at being able to inform you that the lodge at Vandalia, availing itself of the invitation extended to it and others by resolution of the last session, and of the permission granted through the courtesy of the Grand Lodge of Missouri, has accepted a charter from this Grand Lodge, and is now working under our authority. This lodge was given the number "16" by the Grand Lodge of Illinois. The action of the Grand Lodge of Missouri reads: Resolved, That Temperance Lodge No. 27, be permitted to with- draw from this Grand Lodge and attach itself to the Grand Lodge of Illinois. 1843: The lodge planned to celebrate St. John's Day and made arrangements with Brother Thomas Bayse to furnish dinner for one hundred persons for forty dollars, which amount they pledged them- selves to raise. They arranged with W. B. Herrick of Mount Moriah Lodges 1835-1840 103 Lodge, who was Grand Master twelve years later, to deliver an oration. The Odd Fellows Lodge of Greenville desired to participate with them and to have one of their members speak. This was agreed to. All the neighboring lodges were invited to be present for the exercises. Among the visitors were W. B. Warren and J. R. Gorin, both future Grand Masters. The lodge formed under the direction of Brother Alexander and "left the hall preceeded by a band of music." At Gallatin Street the procession was joined by Clark Lodge of Odd Fellows and at the residence of "Col. Black" a large number of ladies joined. The proces- sion proceeded to the Methodist Church where J. M. Davis delivered an oration on behalf of the Odd Fellows. Brother Warren then in- stalled the officers, after which Brother Herrick addressed the audience. June 10: A committee appointed at a previous meeting to procure a hall, reported that they had procured from the trustees of the town of Vandaha, the perpetual lease of the old Representatives Hall, rent free. November 12: sundry brethren at Greenville were recommended to the Grand Master for a dispensation for a new lodge. Friendship Lodge No. 7 On August 21, 1840 the Kentucky record reads: Brother Phillip Swigert, Grand Secretary, presented the petition of Sundry Brothers residing on Rock River, State of Illinois, praying for a dispensation to permit them to hold, alternately, a lodge in the towns of Dixon and Harrisburg — recommended by Ottawa Lodge U.D. Also a petition of Sundry Brothers residing in the town of Juliet and State of 111. — praying for a dispensation to permit them to hold a lodge in said town — recommended by Ottawa Lodge U.D. The reading of which petitions being dispensed with, they were severally referred to the Com- mittee on Lodges under Dispensation. Sept. 1, 1840. DISPENSATIONS, ROCK RIVER, (DICKSON'S FERRY) AND JOLIET, ILL. Your committee on Lodges U.D. find two petitions to this Grand Lodge — one from brethren residing on Rock River, III. and another from certain brethren residing in Juliet, State of 111. — pra>'ing for Dispensa- tions to work under the authority of this W. Grand Lodge — tliey would, therefore, offer for consideration of this body, tlie following resolutions: Resolved that this Grand Lodge consider the application of the brethren reasonable and that a dispensation issue, provided the usual customs are complied with by said brethren. Samuel D. McCullough Wm. Caldwell Jas. G. Caldwell. 104 Freemasonry in Illinois The first meeting of the lodge was held with Samuel Johnson, Wor- shipful Master, presiding. The record reads: At a meeting of Ancient York Masons, held in the town of Dixon, on the 6th of November, A.D. 1840, A.L. 5840, in the Phoenix Hotel, nine brethren were present. A committee was appointed to draft by-laws and a resolution was adopted that the Regular Communication of the Lodge shall be held on Thursday, on or before the next full moon, at one o'clock P.M. Another resolution was that if any Brother chose to advance, or loan, money for the purpose of buying indispensable materials, that said money would be returned to the creditors from the first received— if required. Whereupon two brothers advanced seven dollars which money placed the lodge on a solvent basis and the meeting was closed "in Peace and Harmony." The first petition was that of William Wilkin- son on February 11, 1841. On May 8, 1841, $8.00 was sent to the Grand Lodge of Kentucky to pay for the dispensation and $39.87 was voted to purchase silver lodge jewels. Each member was instructed to pro- vide himself with "a neat, white cambric apron," and twelve aprons were purchased to accommodate visiting brothers. These articles were ordered for lodge furniture: "three wood candle- sticks, one wood mallet, one wood altar, one square and level, two wood columns and four rods." This equipment was made by John Dixon, the first settler and founder of the city of Dixon. He was paid $28.87 for his work. On August 29, 1841, a petition was filed with tlie Grand Lodge of Illinois for a charter which was granted on October 6, 1841 to "Friendship Lodge No. 7." The minutes show this lodge as No. 8 until January 4, 1844, when the number was changed to "7." This closes the pre-Grand Lodge record of this lodge. Its record is complete to 1950, when 465 members were reported. Harrisburg mentioned in the above was in Whiteside County and about twelve miles west of Dixon. It is now the east side of Sterling. This information was found after a long and tedious search in a history of Whiteside County written by Charles Bent in 1887. Ottawa Lodge No. 114 Proceedings of Grand Lodge of Kentucky, August 21, 1840: A dispensation was granted to form a new lodge at Ottawa, 111, to be Lodges 1835-1840 105 called "Ottawa"— Henr>' D. Gerbet, Master, Benj. Thurston, S. Warden, and Andrew Kirkpatrick, Jr. Warden, on the 19th day of December 1839. Sep. 1. 1840 Your committee on Lodges U.D. has examined the records of Ottawa Lodge U.D. Illinois, and find the work to be in accordance with ancient usages and would therefore offer for consideration of the Grand Lodge, the following Resolution: Resolved, that a Charter issue to Ottawa Lodge, No. J 1-4, Ottawa, 111. Sep. 2, 1840. Brother Stephens offered the following Resolution, which was read and adopted: Resolved, that the Grand Secretary furnish Ottawa Lodge No. 114. with her Charter, giving time to said Lodge to pay lor the same —together with the remainder of the dues of said Lodge, at the present convocation; said amount to be forwarded to the Grand Secretary within sixty days from this time. The meetings of the lodge were held on Thursday preceding the full moon. Henry J. Reid, who lived on the Dayton road about two miles from Ottawa, rode horseback from Ottawa to Louisville, Kentucky to attend the Grand Lodge in August 1840. He returned with tlie charter which was dated September 1, 1840. The lodge started with a much larger membership than most others, having thirty-one members under the dispensation. The Grand Lodge of Kentucky, September 1, 1841: Resolved, That this Grand Lodge do absolve Ottawa Lodge No. 114 from all allegiance lo this Grand Lodge, and with pleasure reconinu'ud said Lodge to the favorable care and protection of the M.W. Grand Lodge of lUinois; said Ottawa Lodge having conformed to all (he regu- lations of this Grand Lodge while under its jurisdiction. This lodge did not petition for admission to the Grand Lodge of Illinois, but in 1842 the Grand Master issued a dispensation for a lodge at Vermillionville, La Salle County, to Luther Woodward, Master, Andrew K. Patrick, Senior Warden, » « * « » Junior Warden. Both were members of Ottawa Lodge. The reason assigned for revoking the dispensation of Ottawa Lodge was for having justly forfeited its being by non-u.se of its powers and a non-fulfillment of its duties. Here ends the record of Ottawa Lodge. It was succeeded by Occi- 106 Freemasonry in Illinois dental Lodge No. 40 which has been successful and now has 643 members. Juliet Lodge U.D. Proceedings of Grand Lodge of Kentucky, August 21, 1840: Brother Phillip Swigert, Grand Secretary, presented the petition of Sundry Brothers residing in the town of Juliet and State of Illinois praying for a dispensation to permit them to hold a lodge in said town— to work under the authority of this Grand Lodge. The committee on Lodges U.D. reported: Resolved, that this Grand Lodge consider the application of the brethren reasonable and that a dispensation issue, provided the usual customs are complied with by said brethren. The committee also reported that they find some part of their work very irregular, and portions of their by-laws in contravention of the Constitution of the Grand Lodge of Kentucky. That to which your committee more particularly objects, is the violation of the old established usage of admitting candidates to the degrees without the necessary time of enquiry. In a great many instances this has been the case. In some cases the candidate has been received in about one week from the date of the petition, and some dozen brothers admitted on the same day of the presentation of the petition. This matter more particularly belongs to the committee on Returns, but it having been referred to this committee they deem it necessary to notice these innovations. In extenuation of this course, it is proper that the committee should inform this Grand Lodge that the brethren of Juliet Lodge U.D. have never received a copy of the Constitution or By-Laws of the Grand Lodge of Kentucky. Juliet Lodge U.D. ask to be dismissed from the jurisdiction of this Grand Lodge, and recommended to the Grand Lodge of Illinois, lately organized, and ask a specified time to pay the remainder of their dues. All this your committee deem reasonable. Under the circumstances and representations made to this Grand Lodge; they would recommend the adoption of the following resolution: Resolved, That said Lodge (it being their desire), be dismissed from the jurisdiction of this Grand Lodge, so soon as they shall be received and acknowledged by the Grand Lodge of Illinois, to which Grand Lodge they are recommended by this Grand Lodge. In 1841 Joliet Lodge U.D. presented a petition to the Grand Lodge of Illinois asking for a charter. The committee on petitions reported: Resolved, That a Charter be granted to the members of Joliet Lodge, as soon as they shall comply with the 6th section of the By-Laws. Lodges 1835-1840 107 The charter was issued as Juhet Lodge No. 10. After the close of the Grand Lodge in 1845 this charter was revoked and a dis- pensation issued for a new lodge to be known as "Mount Joliet Lodge." Jacob Patrick was the first Master of Joliet Lodge. He was made a Mason in New York State in 1833, and soon after arrived in Joliet. He was instrumental in getting a petition for a dispensation signed and rode horseback to Lexington, Kentucky to present his petition and re- ceive the dispensation. William H. Zarley, who was Deputy Grand Master in 1831-32 was his grandson. The apron presented to Brother Patrick when he was raised is still in possession of the family. The returns for 1841 showed thirty-nine members; one of whom was Joel A. Matteson who was inaugurated Governor of Illinois in 1853. Rock River Lodge U.D. Proceedings of Grand Lodge of Kentucky, August 30, 1841: The Grand Master reported that since the last annual convocation of the Grand Lodge, the following Dispensation for the formation of a new lodge has been granted. To William J. Mix, as Master, James J. Beatty as Sr. Warden, and Emanuel Morrison as Jr. Warden, to form a lodge in the town of Oregon City, County of Ogle and State of Illinois, to be known as Rock River, on the 26th of November, 1840. Diligent search in old coimty histories and inquiries among old residents have failed to furnish any information about this lodge or the names of the Master and Wardens. Jerusalem Lodge No. 62 was chartered in 1846 but the names of officers are different from those in the first dispensation. Chapter 8 THE SECOND GRAND LODGE Preliminary Action Bodley Lodge May 1, 1837. Resolved, That a committee of three be appointed to ascertain how many Lodges in this State are organized, preparatory to organizing a Grand Lodge of IlHnois, to be held in the town of Quincy. It was in the office of Alexander Dunlap that the movement to organize the Grand Lodge was started. In 1854, W. B. Warren said: It was in his room, and in his presence, that the first pen was put to paper towards the organization of the Grand Lodge. It was tlien that the ball was put in motion. Little did the two individuals who started the enterprise anticipate that the Grand Lodge they were then endeavor- ing to establish would, in the short space of fourteen years, number, under its jurisdiction, 148 lodges with 5,500 members. Here is the evidence that Alexander Dunlap and William B. War- ren were the two to whom all honor must be given for founding the Grand Lodge. For June 24, 1839, the minutes of Bodley Lodge No. 97 records the following: Bro. Ralston read a letter from Hannony Lodge No. 24, at Jack- sonville, relative (to) forming a Grand Lodge in this State. The follow- ing resolution was, after some discussion, passed: Resolved, That we deem it expedient to form a Grand Lodge in this State, and Bros. Ralston and Rogers were appointed a committee to answer said letter on the subject of the Grand Lodge. On October 28, 1839, Springfield Lodge No. 26 was constituted. At that session on motion: Bros. Helm, Adams and Lindsay were appointed a committee to represent this Lodge at a convention of the Lodges of this State, to be held in Jacksonville, on the 27th day of December proximo, for the pur- pose of conferring together as to the propriety of establishing a Grand Lodge of the State of Illinois and determining the place of holding the same. 108 The Second Grand Lodge 109 November 19, 1839, Equality Lodge No. 102: Resolved, That a committee of Brothers Wilham J. Gatewood, Ed- mund Jones and Tarlton Dunn, be appointed to correspond with all the subordinate lodges in this State, with a view to reorganizing the Grand Lodge of the State of Illinois. Temp erance Lodge No. 27, Vandalia June 10, 1839: The Worshipful Master laid before the Lodge a communication from a committee of Hamiony Lodge No. 24, at Jacksonville, Illinois, on the subject of forming a Grand Lodge in this State, which was read, and on motion, ordered to be laid on the table. On July 8 the communication was taken from the table, and re- ferred to Brothers Gorin, McCurdy and McLau ghlin. On September 4 the following action was had: Resolved, That a committee of three be appointed to prepare a memorial or address to the several Lodges held in this State, inviting them to send delegates to a Masonic Convention, to be held at Vandalia, on the 27th day of December next, for the purpose of forming a Grand Lodge for the State of Illinois, and report the same to this Lodge, at the adjourned meeting to be held on Friday next. November 11, 1839, Temperance Lodge No. 27: The committee to whom was referred the resolution "to correspond with several Lodges held in this State, inviting them to send delegates to a Masonic Convntion, to be held at Vandalia on the 27th December next for the purpose of forming a Grand Lodge for the State of lUinois," asked to be discharged from further consideration thereof; and the Bro. Worshipful moved that Vandalia be stricken out, and Jacksonville be inserted instead thereof. Agreed to. The chair appointed Bro. Worshipful a committee of one to perform the duties of the above named committee, and he was also appointed a delegate to the convention to be held at Jacksonville, on the 27th December next. June 22, 1839, Columbus Lodge U.D.: A commimication was produced by the \V.M. from the Jacksonville Lodge of Illinois, on the subject of the formation of a Grand Lodge for this State, which having been read, was referred to a committee of the W. Master, Treasurer and Junior Deacon. The committee were Brothers Jonas, W. D. McCann, and J. Ma- gorian. On July 27 the committee reported as follows: The committee on the Jacksonville communication reported that they agree in opinion of their brethren of Harmony Lodge, as to the propriety of forming a Grand Lodge for the State of Illinois, and your 110 Freemasonry in Illinois committee trust that on that subject, so important to the interests of Masonry, there will be no diversity of opinion among the Craft. At the same time your committee would suggest, that the final location of the Grand Lodge should be detennined on by the delegates from different Lodges, after consultation on the subject. Your committee believe that Jacksonville would be a favorable point for the first meeting, and organization of the Grand Lodge, but differ with the members of Har- mony Lodge as to the time of die meeting— the 27th of December is an unpleasant season of the year for travelling, and your committee be- lieve that but few could be induced to attend at Jacksonville at that time, and your committee believe that the meeting should either take place earlier in the fall, or be postponed until next spring. Entertaining those views your committee would recommend the adoption of the following resolution: Resolved, That this lodge approve of the views expressed by their committee, and will co-operate with the other Lodges of this State in the design of forming a Grand Lodge, and will appoint delegates to the same, as soon as the time and place is determined on. Resolved, That the Secretary transmit to Harmony Lodge No. 24, a copy of this report and resolutions. All of which is respectfully submitted, A. Jonas W. D. McCann Jas. Magorian committee. Far West Lodge No. 29 March 21st, 5840.— In answer to a communication from Bodley Lodge No. 1, at Quincy, 111., relative to the fonnation of a new Grand Lodge, Bros. James L. James and Dennis Rockwell were appointed proxies to represent Far West Lodge in the proposed convention to be held at Jacksonville the first Monday in April, and recommended that the G.L. be located at Springfield. From a report made to Springfield Lodge No. 26 we learn that on December 27, 1839, a convention was held at Jacksonville, to take into consideration the subject of the formation of a Grand Lodge. The report is here given: That they attended the sittings of the convention, and participated in the deliberations, at the time and place appointed. There was not a general attendance of delegates from the different Lodges of the State, though letters were read from nearly all not represented, approving the object of the convention. After consultation it was unanimously deter- mined that a Grand Lodge should be formed for the State of Illinois. The first Monday of April next was fixed upon as the day for the assembling of another convention at Jacksonville, when it is expected the Lodges The Second Grand Lodge 111 generally will be represented, the place for the permanent location of the Grand Lodge will be selected, the officers elected, and the Grand Lodge finally constituted, all of which is respectfully submitted, M. Helm A. Lindsay J. Adams. committee For some reason not now apparent another convention was held at Jacksonville on January 20, 1840 and it was unanimously resolved, That it is expedient and proper that a Grand Lodge for the State of Illinois be established upon principles consistent with, and subordinate to, the general regulations and ancient constitutions of Freemasonry, and that Brothers W. B. Warren and W. S. Vance of Jacksonville and J. Adams and M. Helm of Springfield be a Committee to correspond with the several Lodges in this State and ask their co-operation and assistance and request tlieir attendance by representative or proxy at a convention to be holden at Jacksonville on the 6th day of April A.D. 1840, for the purpose of discussing the propriety of establishing a Grand Lodge for the State of Illinois, and detennining the best place for locating the Again Springfield Lodge No. 26: Whereas, at a meeting of delegates from various Lodges of this State, held at Jacksonville in December last, to consider and decide upon the propriety and expediency of fonning a Grand Lodge for the State of Illinois, and to adopt such preliminary measures as might be deemed necessary towards the organization of a Grand Lodge, it is unanimously agreed that the permanent location of said Grand Lodge should be de- termined by a majority of the subordinate Lodges in this State, each Lodge having one vote; and Whereas, At the subsequent meeting of delegates in April last, which constituted the present Grand Lodge, its location was decided upon in a manner different from that agreed upon at the preliminary meeting aforesaid, and giving to some Lodges an undue preponderance over others in said decision; and Whereas, This Lodge believes that the onl>- fair and etiuitable mode of settling that question, involving convenience and interest of all the subordinate Lodges, and of each equally, is by the vote of said Lodges, as such, each Lodge having one vote; and Whereas, This Lodge will never be satisfied with, or silently acquiese in the decision of said question, not procured in this or some similar way; therefore; Resolved, That this Lodge does hereby protest against the decision aforesaid, and instructs its delegates to the approaching annual communi- cation to have said decision annulled, and the question of permanent 112 Freemasonry in Illinois location of the Grand Lodge to be determined by a majority of the votes of all subordinate Lodges, or in some other mode equally calculated to secure to each Lodge its due share of influence. On September 15 the above named preamble and resolutions were passed. The Secretary was directed to write to the Lodges at Hills- boro and Vandalia, and request them to withdraw from the Grand Lodge of Missouri, and unite with the Grand Lodge of Illinois. Grand Lodge Organized A convocation was held at Mason's Hall, in the town of Jackson- ville, on the 6th day of April, A.D. 1840, A.L. 5840. Present. J. T. Jones, W.M. W. B. Warren, S.W. A. Dunlap, J.W. A. V. Putman, Secy. S. W. Lucas, Treasurer W. S. Vance, S.D. J. N. Lucas, J.D. A. C. Dixon, S. & T. Brother Adams appeared as representative of Springfield Lodge No. 26 H. Rogers and H. Dills of Bodley Lodge No. 29 W. D. McCann, Columbus Lodge No. 20 J. T. Jones, proxy. Equality Lodge No. 102 D. Rockwell, proxy. Far West Lodge No. 29 W. B. Warren and A. Dunlap, Harmony Lodge No. 24 A lodge of Master Masons was then opened according to ancient form and usage. The object of the meeting having been fully con- sidered, it was unanimously Resolved, That the several subordinate Lodges of Ancient Free- masonry in tlie State of Illinois here assembled, represented by delegates and proxies properly authorized, consider it as a matter of right and as conducive to the general benefit of Masonry, that a Grand Lodge be established in the State of Illinois, and that they now^ proceed to estab- lish, organize and locate the same accordingly, to be known and desig- nated by the name of the Grand Lodge of Illinois. On motion. Brothers Warren, Jones and McCann were appointed a committee to draft and report a Constitution and By-laws for the govern- ment of the Grand Lodge. On motion, a ballot was held for the purpose of locating the Grand Lodge which resulted in no choice. On motion, the Lodge was then called from labor to refreshment. 3 o'clock P.M. — The Grand Lodge was called from refreshment to labor; present, same officers and brethren as in the morning. W'licic till' ('.rand Lodge was organized in 1840. Masons Hall, Jatkson\ ille. The Second Grand Lodge 113 The committee to draft a Constitution and By-laws reported that they had performed that duty. The Constitution and By-laws having been read and amended, were adopted. A ballot was then had upon the location of the Grand Lodge, which was decided in favor of Jacksonville. On motion, The Grand Lodge then went into a ballot for officers, whereupon the following officers were elected viz; M.W. Abraham Jonas, G.M. R.W. James Adams, D.G.M. W. W. S. Vance, G.S.W. H. Rogers G.J.W. W. B. Warren, G. Secy. A. Dunlap, G. Treas. On motion. Brothers Warren, Vance and Dunlap were appointed a committee to have the Constitution and By-laws printed. On motion, the Grand Sccretaiy was authorized to procure a seal for the Grand Lodge; when On motion, the Grand Lodge was called from labor to refreshment until the last Tuesday in April, 2 o'clock P.M. Tuesday April 28th A.D. 1840, A.L. 58-40 The Grand Lodge \\'as called from refreshment to labor. Tresent R.W. James Adams, D.G.M. W. W. S. Vance, G.S.W. Samuel W. Lucas, G.J.W. W. B. Warren, G.S. A. Dunlap, G.T. P. Coffman, G.S.D. A.V. Putnam, G.J.D. A. S. Dixon, G.S. & T. The following representatives appeared and took their scats, viz: Brothers James Adams, of Springfield Lodge W. B. Warren and A. Dunlap, Harmony Lodge J. T. Jones, Equality Lodge; W. S. Vance and D. Rockwell, proxy Far West Lodge. Visting brethren — J. T. Sigler, C. Ludlum, J. Gregory of Harmony Lodge, and Dawson, Saint Louis Lodge No. 20. On motion, all but Past Masters having retired, a convocation of Past Masters was declared and the M.W. Grand Master was installed by proxy, and the Grand Honors paid him agreeably to Ancient Form and usage. The convocation was then dissolved, and the W. Grand Lodge was called from labor to refreshment until tomorrow morning, 8 o'clock. The installation was by authority of Article 36 of the General Regu- lations of 1722. "But if the Brother whom the present Grand Nh\ster shall nominate as his successor, or whom the Grand Lodge shall choose by ballot, as above, is by sickness, or other necessary occasion, absent, he cannot be t:)roclaimed Grand Master, unless the old Grand Master, or some of the Masters and Wardens of Lodges, can vouch upon the honor of a Brother, 114 Freemasonry in Illinois that the said person so nominated or chosen, will readily accept the office. " The Grand Lodge was called to labor again. Present, the same officers and members as yesterday. The R.W. Grand Master appointed brothers P. Coffman, of Jacksonville, G.S.D. I. R. Gray, of Springfield, G.J.D. Rev. H. W. Osbom, Morgan Co., G.C. M. Helm, of Springfield, G.M. A. C. Dixon, of Jacksonville, G.S. & T. The officers were then installed agreeably to ancient form and usage. Springfield Lodge then surrendered the charter under which she had been working and received one under this Grand Lodge as No. 4. Harmony Lodge surrendered her charter and received one as No. 3. On motion, Resolved, That the Grand Secretary be authorized to issue charters to the following Lodges, Viz: To Bodley as No. 1; Equality Lodge as No. 2; Far West as No. 5; and Columbus as No. 6. Resolved, That brother Grand Secretary be directed to make inquiry of the Officers of the late Grand Lodge of Illinois, what disposition was made of the jewels and furniture of said Lodge. Resolved, That the Grand Secretary be authorized to have the pro- ceedings of this convocation printed, and transmit copies to the several Grand Lodges in the United States, the Canadas and Texas, and request a correspondence with them. No further business appearing the Grand Lodge was closed in form and harmony. Attest W. B. Warren James Adams, D.G.M. Grand Secretary. In addition to the first four Grand Officers, Secretary and Treasurer, the By-laws provided for the election of the Grand Orator, Grand Chaplain and Grand Tyler. Franklin Lodge No. 22, " temperance Lodge No. 27 and Mt. Moriah Lodge No. 33 remained under the jurisdiction of the Grand Lodge of Missouri. Ottawa Lodge No. 114 and Friendship Lodge U.D. were under the jurisdiction of the Grand Lodge of Kentucky. In 1842 the Grand Lodge of Missouri chartered Marion Lodge No. 59 and St. Clair Lodge No. 60. All these lodges have since affiliated with the Grand Lodse of Illinois. Chapter 9 ILLINOIS LODGES UNDER MISSOURI In October 1842 W. B. Warren, Grand Secretary, visited the Grand Lodge of Missouri at St. Louis. He took with him a document to that Grand Lodge reading: Whereas, it has been represented to this Grand Lodge of Illinois that several subordinate Lodges in this State are working under the jurisdiction of the Grand Lodge of Missouri, and, whereas, this Grand Lodge being in a state of infancy, whilst the Grand Lodge of Missouri is in a state of affluence, and not doubting their willingness to extend the hand of friendship and assistance to her sister Grand Lodge, and believ- ing, moreover, that it would be conducive to the interest and well being of Masonry that the Grand Lodges of the several States should govern and control the Masonic family within their bounds. Therefore, Resolved, That Brother G. Secretary be requested to visit the Grand Lodge of Missouri at its next grand annual communication, and respect- fully rec]uest said Grand Lodge (as the Grand Lodge of Kentucky has done) to dissolve their connexion with the subordinate Lodges in this state. And further, that Brother G. Secretary tender to said Grand Lodge the best wishes of the Grand Lodge of Illinois for her Masonic prosperity and success, and the desire of this Grand Lodge for a continuance and interchange of those social relations which characterize our Fraternity for so many ages. W. B. Warren, B. Secretary. The reply to this, after some prehminary remarks was: Resolved, That the Grand Lodge of Missouri, while she will at all times cherish those Lodges which choose to remain imder the jurisdic- tion of this Grand Lodge will at the same time cordially approve the act of any subordinate Lodge working under the jurisdiction of this Grand Lodge within the State of Illinois, that may find it convenient and desirable to withdraw from our jurisdiction and place herself under the jurisdiction of the Grand Lodge of Ilhnois. Yet, your committee cannot see upon what grounds this Grand Lodge would be justifiable in absolving its connexion with those Lodges contrary to their wish, unless they establish the principle that in every case, upon the establishment of a Grand Lodge in a State, the whole of the Lodges in that St;.te would thereby be forced either to surrender their charters or attach themselves to that Grand Lodge. To show, thcre- 115 116 Freemasonry in Illinois fore, how unjust the estabhshment of such a principle would be, it will only be necessary to examine the practical effect it would produce. Suppose, for instance, that there are fifty Lodges in the State of Illinois working under the jurisdiction of this Grand Lodge, and that some three or five of those Lodges determined to form a Grand Lodge, they would, under the above principle, force the whole of the other Lodges into a connexion with them, therel)y making a very small mi- nority rule a very large majority — thereby producing an effect contrary to the spirit and every principle of Masonry. Your committee, with these views, therefore, think this Grand Lodge cannot comply with the petition of the Grand Lodge of Illinois, and can only say to those subordinate Lodges that they affectionately attach themselves to the Grand Lodge in Illinois, at the same time expressing the great regret in severing the ties which have so long bound us together. In 1843 we read in the proceedings of the Grand Lodge of Missouri: We find some resolutions by our brethren in Illinois relative to a withdrawal from this and uniting with the Grand Lodge of lUinois. We would respectfully suggest that this Grand Lodge recommend them to the care and protection of that Grand Lodge, and earnestly hope that their union may be blessed to the prosperity and happiness of all. However, it was some time before all the lodges joined the Grand Lodge of Illinois. In 1845 we find Henderson P. Boyakin as District Deputy for the Seventh District of the Grand Lodge of Missouri in charge of the Illinois lodges. Mount Moriah Lodge No. 33 On July 26, 1839, a petition was signed by C. B. Blockberger, Tem- perance U.D., Illinois; M. P. Nicholson, Mount Moriah No. 27, North Carolina; Martin Kinsley, Union No. 10, Providence, Rhode Island; Hail Kingsley, Washington No. 3, New York; Aaron Knapp, Homer No. 137, New York; M. L. Stinson, Vale of Tempe No. 45, Tennessee; Stephen Abbott, Genessee Union No. 332; Harry Wilton, Eden No. 7, Illinois, last Worshipful Master, asking for a dispensation to open a Lodge at Hillsboro, to be called Mount Moriah. The dispensation was granted on August 17, 1839, and is signed by A. B. Chambers, Grand Senior Warden, and attested by Richard B. Dallam, Grand Secretary. C. B. Blockberger was named Master, Hail Kingsley, Senior Warden, and Martin Kinsley, Junior Warden. Brother Blockberger was raised in Temperance Lodge. Proceedings of Grand Lodge of Missouri, 1840: Whereas, Brother C. B. Blockberger, W.M. of Mount Moriah Lodge, Illinois Lodges under Missouri 117 was, with others recommended to this Grand Lodge, in 1839, by Tem- perance Lodge No. 27, for a letter of Dispensation, to form and open said Mount Moriah Lodge; and Whereas, the name of the said Brother does not appear upon the return of said Temperance Lodge, at the last Annual Communication of tliie Grand Lodge as a member thereof; and. Whereas, also at the present Communication, on the returns of said Temperance Lodge, appears the name of Brother C. B. Blockberger, with the following entn.' annexed, "name was stricken from the roll of membership for non-payment of dues." Therefore, Resolved, That Temperance Lodge be directed to correct said entry by allowing said Brother (upon payment of his dues) regularly to dimit. The lodge raised six candidates between its organization and De- cember 27. The Grand Lodge reported liaving a return from Mount Moriah Lodge, 111.; informally appointing Brother G. H. C. Melody their proxy, and asking a continuance of their Dispensation until the next Grand Annual Communication of the Grand Lodge. On October 7, 1840, A. B. Chambers, Grand Senior Warden, re- ported : I visited Hillsboro in that State (111.) and saw and conversed with the Master and some ot the members of Mount Moriah Lodge. The charter for this lodge was granted on October 8, 1840 but was not received until November 4. The lodge was constituted on the same day. On January 18 the lodge allowed sundry bills and ordered the Master to send to St. Louis for a 'Tdox of candles, if there is suflBcient funds in the treasury to pay for the same." At this meeting it was resolved, to build a hall "over the shop of the W.M." (He was a black- smith. ) An entry indicates that the hall was built, since at the meeting of December 2 the Lodge was not opened "owning to the inclemency of the weather and the unfinished condition of the hall." During the year 1841 the lodge raised twenty candidates. On February 22 the Lodge at the desire of the citizens of Hillsboro and vicinity, joined in the celebration of the birthday of George Washington. Mo. Pro. 1841 — From the transcript of Hillsborough Lodge it ap- pears that they, on various occasions, conferred the first and second degrees in a Master's Lodge, and the third in a Lodge of Apprentices. 118 Freemasonry in Illinois The Missouri returns show this lodge had forty members in 1842 and forty-four in 1843. 1842: On August 18, Brother Blockberger, Worshipful Master, tendered his resignation, and asked a dimit. Both the resignation and request were laid on the table until August 25, and a committee was appointed to take the matter into consideration. On August 25, the matter was taken up, when "the charge given the Master at his installation was read," vs^hereupon Brother Blockberger (who had refused to take the East), withdrew his resignation and request for a dimit, and assumed his place. The lodge continued under the juris- diction of the Grand Lodge of Missouri until 1846 when the charter was arrested. Proceedings of Grand Lodge of Missouri, 1846: Resolved, That the Charter of Mount Moriah Lodge No. 33, at Hillsboro, Ills., be, and the same is hereby forfeited; and that what property she may possess be donated to her by the Grand Lodge. In 1848: —The brethren of Mount Moriah Lodge at Hillsboro, hav- ing previously been at work under a charter granted by the M.W. Grand Lodge of Missouri, made application to me for authority to reorganize and work under their old charter, at the suggestion and on the recom- mendation of the aforesaid Grand Lodge, a certified copy of which was presented to me with their application, and is as follows: In Grand Lodge of Missouri, Oct. 12, 1847, A.L. 5847. Whereas, Mount Moriah Lodge No. 33, at Hillsboro, Illinois, was chartered by this Grand Lodge anterior to the forming of the Grand Lodge of Illinois, and for some years faithfully performed the duties of the Craft- and Whereas this Grand Lodge did, at its last annual communication, declare the charter of said Lodge forfeited, granted to said Lodge all the property and effects it then had; and Whereas the members of said Lodge have made known a desire to be reorganized under the jurisdiction of the Grand Lodge of Illinois, without the necessity of again undergoing the usual probation; therefore Resolved, that this Grand Lodge cheerfully recommend the Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Illinois to authorize said members to reorganize under the aforesaid charter and report their work and pro- ceedings to said Grand Lodge at its next annual communication. Fredc, L. Billon, Gr. Sec'y. The report of the Grand Master of Illinois reads: Not being able to understand by what Masonic rule of usage the Grand Master of our Grand Lodge could resuscitate the charter once granted by another Grand Lodge and by it subsequently declared for- feited, and authorize the members of such defunct Lodge to reorganize and work under it; and not feeling disposed to countenance in any man- Illinois Lodges under Missouri 119 ner whatever, the continued infringement upon our territorial jurisdic- tion, as assumed and exercised by the M.W. Grand Lodge of Missouri, in still holding on to other lodges in our State with so much pertinacity as she continues to do, notwithstanding the repeated efforts on the part of this Grand Lodge to have our sister Missouri withdraw her entire jurisdiction from our rightful territory'; after stating by objection to the brethren of Ilillsboro, against granting their request or complying with the reconuuendation of the M.W. Grand Lodge of Missouri, I tendered them the aforesaid dispensation, imder which they might organize, and have a legal existence as a lodge imtil the present meeting of our Grand Lodge, not requiring any fee therefor at the time, which di.spensation they accepted. In this way Mount Moriah Lodge No. 51 became a constituent of the Grand Lodge of IHinois. Clinton Lodge No. 39 This lodge received its dispensation from the Grand Lodge of Missouri in January 1841; which dispensation was continued until 1842. In 1841 there were fourteen Master Masons, six Fellowcraft and five Entered Apprentices; in 1842 there were thirty-one members, having raised eleven. In 1842 the dues of Brother Thos. Moon were remitted, and it was Ordered, That he pay no further dues, owing to his indigent circum- stances, age, and respectability as a worthy ancient Mason. On February 14 the Lodge took early action on the St. John's Day celebration and invited Brother N. M. McCurdy of Vandalia to deliver an oration. May 9 on motion: Resolved, By the Lodge, that we deem the drinking of ardent spirits unmasonic and should not be tolerated among Masons. St. John's Day was celebrated with seventeen members being pres- ent and thirteen visitors from seven other lodges. On July 11 a petition, signed by eight Master Masons asking for a recommendation to form a new lodge at Salem, Illinois, was granted. The only other record of this lodge is in the Missouri Proceedings for 1846: Clinton Lodge No. 39 of Carlyle — it appears from the documents in the office of Brollier Grand Secretar>', that that Lodge has ceased to meet. No returns have been received from her since 1843; nor have her dues been paid for the last three years. This Lodge is in our sister 120 Freemasonry in Illinois State of Illinois, in which a Grand Lodge has been organized. Clinton Lodge existed but a few years under our jurisdiction, and worked faith- fully for a time, until, by removals and other causes, her numbers were very much reduced. St. Clair Lodge No. 60 On November 19, 1841 a petition signed by eleven Master Masons, praying for a dispensation to form and open a Lodge at Belleville, Illinois, was presented to Naphtali Lodge of St. Louis for a recom- mendation. The first signer was John Hay who was one of the early petitioners to Western Star Lodge No. 107 at Kaskaskia. The dis- pensation was granted on February 12, 1842. Joseph Bennett was ap- pointed Worshipful Master; J. C. Theill, Senior Warden; and Herman Cox, Junior Warden. "A committee was appointed to prepare by-laws, and the petition of J. L. D. Morrison, an Entered Apprentice of West- ern Star Lodge was received and referred." On March 9, 1842 Brother C. G. Y. Taylor was raised. He was elected Grand Master in 1850 when tlie Grand Lodge met at Shawnee- town. On October 25 the Lodge was duly constituted as No. 60 by A. T. Douglas, Grand Visitor, Grand Lodge of Missouri, and the officers installed. On February 21, 1843 the following was adopted: Resolved, That no Brother Master Mason ought to sue another brother in a court of law. On September 19 the following preamble and resolutions were adopted : Whereas, St. Clair Lodge No. 60 is located within the limits of the State of Illinois, and the Grand Lodge to which she owes her juris- diction is situated in another State; and, Whereas, Every interest and inducement, as well as fraternal feel- ing, prompts this Lodge to withdraw from the jurisdiction of the Grand Lodge of Missouri and become subject to the Grand Lodge in our own State; therefore, be it Resolved, That St. Clair Lodge No. 60 respectfully intimate to the Grand Lodge of Missouri their wish to withdraw from her jurisdiction for the purpose of becoming subject to the Grand Lodge of Illinois. Proceedings of Grand Lodge of Missouri, 1843: We find some resolutions by our brethren in Illinois, relative to a withdrawal from this and uniting with the Grand Lodge of Illinois. We would respectfully suggest that this Grand Lodge recommend them to Illinois Lodges under Missouri 121 the care and protection of that Grand Lodge, and earnestly hope that their union may be blessed to the prosperity and happiness of all. On December 26, the Master presented a new charter from the M.W. Grand Lodge of Illinois, giving the Lodge authority to work under the name and style of St. Clair Lodge No. 24, which was read. Marion Lodge No. 59 On July " 1842 a petition was prepared by a number of brethren residing in the town of Salem, Illinois, asking for a dispensation to form and open a lodge at that place. This petition was recommended by Clinton Lodge No. 39 at Carlyle. This petition was recommended on July 11 and the dispensation granted on July 14 by Joab Bernard, Deputy Grand ALaster of the Grand Lodge of Missouri, attested by Richard B. Dallam, Grand Secretary. There were eight signers. On October 27 Brother Douglas constituted the Lodge as No. 59 and in- stalled John A. Goudy as Worshipful Master, W. H. H. Barnes, Senior Warden, Alexander H. Barnes, Junior Warden, Matthew W. Hall, Treasurer. August 14, Brother Bradley, District Deputy Grand Master presided. The semi-annual election was held and the record is so un- usual that we give it as recorded. The giivel was placed in the hands of Bro. H. P. Boyakcn. Bro. A. IL B;.ines was commanded to "look well to the West," and Bro. M. W. Hall received a like command to "look well to the South." The keys were intrusted to Bro. W. H. H. Barnes, while Bro. H. S. Mills was condemned to another six months as "cacothes scribendi." Justice R. Ruman was placed between the Master and treasurer, and Ira Potter placed at the elbow of the "Pillar of Strength." J. Cooper was placed outside the door, and A. K. King appointed to conduct the devotional exercises of the Lodge. On November 11 Brothers King, W. H. H. Barnes and Hall, were appointed a committee to inquire into and report to this Lodge on the expediency of this Lodge demitting from the Grand Lodge of Missouri, and joining the Grand Lodge of Illinois. In 1844 the lodge held three elections, March 11, July 8, and No- vember 11. It was unanimously resolved. That we do believe it to be the duty of this Lodge to guard especially the Minor children of deceased Bro. Isaac G. Barr, and to see that they are properly educated. This was the last record of this lodge. Chapter 10 TITLE OF THE GRAND LODGE The Constitution of 1841 designated the title as "The Grand Lodge of Illinois, of Free and Accepted Masons." In 1846 it was Resolved, That a committee be appointed to apply to the next Gen- eral Assembly of the State of Illinois, for a charter of the Most Wor- shipful Grand Lodge of Illinois, giving it a legal existence. The next year the charter from the State was presented: AN ACT TO INCORPORATE THE GRAND LODGE OF ILLINOIS OF ANCIENT FREE AND ACCEPTED MASONS. Be it enacted by the People of the State of Illinois, represented in the General Assembly: Section 1. That the Grand Lodge of Masons of the State of IlH- nois be and the same is hereby declared and constituted a body poHtic and corporate by the name, style and description of the "Grand Lodge of Illinois of Ancient Free and Accepted Masons." Sec. 2. The said corporation, by the name and style aforesaid, shall have full power to sue and be sued, plead and be impleaded, prosecute and defend, in all manner of actions at law, or in equity, in all places whatever, where legal or equitable proceedings are had. The said cor- poration shall have power to make such constitution and by-laws as may be deemed proper. Provided, that such constitution and by-laws shall not conflict with the Constitution and Laws of this State and of the United States. Sec. 3. Said corporation shall have power to loan money belong- ing to the same and take promissory notes or other evidences for the money so loaned, which may be received in their corporate name afore- said in all courts and places whatever where judicial proceedings are had. Sec. 4. The said corporation by the name and style aforesaid shall be capable in law of purchasing, holding and conveying real estate for the benefit of said corporation and for no other use or benefit whatever; Provided, that said corporation shall not at any one time hold property to an amount exceeding fifty thousand dollars nor real estate to an amount exceeding one thousand acres of land. Sec. 5. For the purpose of carrying into eflFect tlie objects of this 122 Title of the Grand Lodge 123 act the members of this corporation shall have power and are hereby authorized to appoint out of their number three trustees to hold their offices for the term of one year and until their successors are elected. Approved February 20, 1847. Aug. French. Newton Cloud, Speaker of the House of Representatives. Joseph B. Wills, Speaker of the Senate. This Act gave the name as GRAND LODGE OF ILLINOIS OF ANCIENT, FREE AND AC- CEPTED MASONS. The Act was not satisfactory in several particulars and an amended Act was passed in 1855. AN ACT TO AMEND AN ACT ENTITLED "aN ACT TO INCORPORATE THE GRAND LODGE OF ILLINOIS OF ANCIENT FREE AND ACCEPTED MASONS." Section 1. Be it enacted by the People of the State of Illinois, represented in the General Assembly, That the Grand Master, deputy grand master, grand wardens, grand secretary, and grand treasurer for the time being, and their successors in office, of the Grand Lodge of the State of Illinois, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, together with the masters and wardens of the several lodges subordinate to [constituents ' of] said Grand Lodge, while holding said offices, shall be and the same are hereby forever declared to be a body politic and corporate, by the name, style, and description of "The Grand Lodge of the State of Illi- nois, Free and Accepted Masons." Sec. 2. The said corporation, by the name and style aforesaid, shall have full power to sue and be sued, plead and be impleaded, prosecute and defend in all manner of actions at law or in equity, in all places where legal or equitable proceedings are had. The said coqDoration shall have power to make such constitution, by-laws, rules and regulations for its own government, and the management of its concerns and govern- - ment of its subordinates [constituents] as shall be decmd advisable, and to alter and amend the same at pleasure. Provided, that such constitu- tion, by-laws, rules, and regulations shall not conflict with the constitution and laws of this State and of the United States. Sec. 3. The said corporation, by name and style aforesaid, shall be capable in law of purchasing, holding and conveying real and per- sonal estate for the benefit of said corporation, to create a charity and educational fund, a representative fund, a librar>' fund, and a Grand Lodge fund, and for no other use or benefits whatever: Provided, that said corporation shall not at any one time hold personal or mixed prop- erty to an amount exceeding one himdred thousand dollars, nor real estate to an amount exceeding two thousand acres of land. 124 Freemasonry in Illinois Sec. 4. The said corporation shall have power to loan money be- longing to the same, and take promissory notes or other evidences of debt for the money so loaned or any property sold, which may be recovered in their corporate name aforesaid, in all courts or places where judicial proceedings are held. Sec. 5. The said corporation is also authorized to borrow money in sums not exceeding one thousand dollars at any one time, and at a rate of interest not exceeding ten per cent per annum. Sec. 6. In the management of its business concerns, said corpora- tion is hereby authorized to appoint such agents, officers, and attorneys for that purpose as from time to time may be deemed proper. Sec. 7. Each subordinate [constituent] lodge under the jurisdiction of the aforesaid Grand Lodge, now in existence or which may hereafter be chartered by the same, is also hereby declared to be a body politic and corporate by and under the name, style, and number set forth in their respective charters, and by such designation they may respectively sue and be sued, plead and be impleaded, prosecute and defend against all suits arising in law or chancery, in all the courts of this state. The said subordinate [constituent] lodges respectively shall be capable in law of purchasing or receiving, by purchase, gift, or otherwise, and of selling and conveying, real and personal estate for the benefit of said subordinate [constituent] lodges respectively: Provided, that neither of said lodges shall at any one time hold real estate exceeding in value thirty thousand dollars. Sec. 8. So far as applicable the provisions of sections four, five, and six of this act shall be applicable to each of said subordinate [con- stituent] lodges. Sec. 9. In case any subordinate [constituent] lodge under the juris- diction of said Grand Lodge shall cease to exist or forfeit its charter, then all the estate, real and personal, together with all the records, books, papers, vouchers, furniture, jewels, seals, and fixtures belonging to such lodge shall immediately vest in said Grand Lodge; and all personal property, books, records, papers, vouchers, jewels, seals, furniture, deeds, money, evidence of debt, leases, or mortgages belonging to said lodge forfeiting its charter or ceasing to exist shall be delivered over by its last secretary or treasurer of the same, or other person having custody of them, to the proper officer or agent of said Grand Lodge, on demand, and on failing to do so each and every member of such delinquent lodge shall be liable to said Grand Lodge in an action of debt for the full value of the same. Sec. 10. This act shall be deemed a public act and shall be liberally construed by all courts for the benefit of the corporation herein created. Sec. 11. So much of the eleventh section of an act entitled "An act to incorporate the Grand Royal Arch Chapter of the State of Illinois and subordinate chapters under its jurisdiction," approved February 9, 1853, as required a printed copy of the proceedings of said Grand Chap- ter, together with a list of its officers, a list of subordinate chapters, their Title of the Grand Lodge 125 officers and members, to be filed amiually with the secretary of state, is hereby repealed. Sec. 12. All acts and parts of acts conflicting with this act are hereby repealed. Sec. 13. This act to take effect and be in force from and after its passage. Approved Febniary 14, 1855. This Act provided for the incorporation of every subordinate lodge with the same power and authority as the Grand Lodge in legal matters. By curious mischance the word "Ancient" was omitted from the title of the Grand Lodge. This caused much trouble in later years when a former Grand Secretary was charged with embezzling the funds of the Grand Lodge. The defense challenged the indictment by saying that the corporate name of the Grand Lodge was "Free and Accepted Masons" while the suit was brought by the Grand Lodge of "Ancient, Free and Accepted Masons." This forced the prosecution to prepare a long brief covering the whole history of the Grand Lodge, in which it was shown that the Grand Lodge charter of 1855 was merely a mistake, that the Grand Lodge had always been known as "Ancient, Free and Accepted Masons," that there was no other organization of that name and could be none. The judge ruled in favor of the prosecu- tion but nothing was done about correcting the charter until 1908 when Alexander H. Bell, Grand Master, took appropriate action. This was done to avoid future questions about tlie correct title in case of dona- tions to the Masonic Homes. The 1871 constitution changed the word- ing of the title to "The Most Worshipful Grand Lodge of Ancient, Free and Accepted Masons of the State of Illinois." The complete transaction is hereby given: The correct corporate name of this Grand Lodge is as follows: The Most Worshipful Grand Lodge of Ancient Free and Accepted Masons of the State of IlUnois ACTION OF THE GRAND LODGE CHANGING THE CORPORATE NAME OF THE GRAND LODGE TO "tHE MOST WORSHIPFUL GRAND LODGE OF ancient free and accepted masons of the state of illinois." State of Illinois, } County of Adams, ) I, the undersigned Isaac Cutter, as R.W. grand secretary of the Grand Lodge of the State of Illinois, Free and Accepted Masons, do hereby certify that at the annual meeting of the said Grand Lodge, 126 Freemasonry in Illinois held in the city of Chicago, in the state of lUinois, on the sixth day of October, A.D. 1908, at ten o'clock a.m. on that date, pursuant to the constitution and by-laws of said corporation, the following resolution was adopted by the unanimous vote of all of the representatives of lodges there present, being the representatives of more than seven hundred lodges out of a total of seven hundred and sixty-one lodges under the jurisdiction of such Grand Lodge. Such resolution there adopted, being as follows: Whereas, By act of the general assembly of the state of Illinois approved February 20, 1847, there was incorporated the "Grand Lodge of Illinois of Ancient Free and Accepted Masons"; and Whereas, Also by an amendatory act of the general assembly of Illinois approved February 14, 1855, the said "Grand Lodge of Illinois of Ancient, Free and Accepted Masons" was in effect reincorporated by the name of "The Grand Lodge of the State of Illinois, Free and Ac- cepted Masons"; and Whereas, This Most Worshipful Grand Lodge has in all of its doings excepting its official corporate acts preserved the use of the word Ancient in its corporate name and desires to so do hereafter; and has declared in its constitution that "This Grand Lodge shall hereafter be known by the name and style of 'The Most Worshipful Grand Lodge of Ancient Free and Accepted Masons of the State of Illinois' "; be it therefore Resolved, That the name of this corporation incorporated by an act of the general assembly of Illinois entitled "An act to amend an act entitled 'An Act to incorporate the Grand Lodge of Illinois of Ancient, Free and Accepted Masons,' " approved February 14, A.D. 1855, be changed from the name of "The Grand Lodge of the State of Illinois, Free and Accepted Masons," as given it in such amendatory act, to the name, style and description of "The Most Worshipful Grand Lodge of Ancient Free and Accepted Masons of the State of Illinois," and that this corporation be now and hereafter known, named and described by the name, style and description of "The Wost Worshipful Grand Lodge of Ancient Free and Accepted Masons of the State of Illinois." Isaac Cutter, Grand Secretary. ( Grand Lodge Seal. ) State of Illinois, ) > ss. Macoupin County, ) I, Alexander H. Bell, being first duly sworn, declare on oath that I am the Most Worshipful Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of the State of Illinois, Free and Accepted Masons, whose name is to be changed as above set forth; that I am the presiding officer of such Grand Lodge and its principal executive officer; and that I was such and was presiding as such at said stated annual meeting of such Grand Lodge held on the sixth day of October, A.D. 1908, mentioned in the foregoing certificate. Title of the Grand Lodge 111 I state that said corporation has no president and no board of trustees and no stockholders, and I further state that the statements in the foregoing certificate made by the R.W. grand secretary of said Grand Lodge, are true in substance and in fact. In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and caused the seal of said corporation to be affixed this 15th day of October, A.D. 1908. Alexander H. Bell, (Seal.) Grand Master. Subscribed and sworn to before me this 15th day of October, A.D. 1908. John Westermeier, (Notarial Seal.) Notary Public. I, James A. Rose, as secretary of state of the state of Illinois, do hereby certify that the foregoing is a true copy of papers showing the action taken changing the name of the corporation above mentioned as therein fully set forth, and of the affidavit of Alexander H. Bell thereto attached as a part thereof. I hereby certify that the original, of which the above is a true copy, was filed in my office on the eleventh day of November, A.D. 1908, and that the name of said corporation is thereby changed as therein set forth from the name and description of "The Grand Lodge of the State of Illinois, Free and Accepted Masons," by which said coriDoration has been heretofore known, to the name, style and description of "The Most Worshipful Grand Lodge of Ancient Free and Accepted Masons of the State of Illinois." Given under my hand and the great seal of state at my office at Springfield, Illinois, on this eleventh day of November, A.D. 1908. James A. Rose, (Great Seal of State.) Secretary of State. The corporate charter placed a hmitation upon the amount of money, securities and land holdings the Grand Lodge might have. In 1900 the Grand Lodge had money in excess of the legal amount. It was voted to return all in excess to the lodges in proportion to their membership, the money to be the nucleus of a Charity Fund. The total returned was $85,344.22. In 1911 the State Legislature passed an Act for the benefit of Fraternal and Benevolent Societies under Special Acts. This took oflF all limitations on the amount of funds. FRATERNAL AND BENEVOLENT SOCIETIES UNDER SPECIAL ACTS. (Senate Bill No. 10. Approved June 2, 1911.) An Act to enable fraternal and benevolent societies incorporated by special acts of the general assembly to take and hold property and 128 Freemasonry in Illinois borrow money needful and proper to serve and accomplish the purposes of their organization to the same extent as similar societies incorporated not for pecuniary profit under the general incorporation laws of this state. Section 1. Be it enacted by the people of the state of Illinois, represented in the General Assembly: That in any case where any fra- ternal or benevolent society or association has been incorporated by any special act of the general assembly of Illinois, and where in the special act under which the same is incorporated or in any amendment thereto there is any limitation as to the amount of value of real estate or personal property which such incorporated body or any of its constituent or sub- ordinate bodies may hold or any limitation as to the amount of money which such fraternal or benevolent society or association may borrow, that notwithstanding any sitch limitation, such incorporated body or any of its constituent or subordinate bodies may hold real or personal prop- erty and may borrow money of whatever amount or value may be need- ful, suitable and proper to serve and accomplish the purpose of its organization, and to provide for them respectively suitable places of meeting and entertainment and accommodations for their officers and members to the same extent that societies for similar purposes and or- ganized not for pecuniary profit under the general incorporation laws of the state may own and hold property, both real and personal. Chapter 11 MORMON LODGES A dispensation was issued on October 15, 1841 to George Miller, Worshipful Master, John D. Parker, Senior Warden and L. N. Scovill, Junior Warden to form a new lodge in the city of Nauvoo, county of Hancock, Ilhnois. In the journal of Joseph Smith, under date of March 15, 1842 he said: I oflBciated as Grand Ghaplain at the installation of the Nauvoo Lodge of Freemasons at the Grove near the Temple. Grand Master Jonas, of Columbus, being present, a large number of people assembled for the occasion. The day was exceedingly fine; all things were done in order. In the evening I received the first degree in Freemasonry in Nauvoo Lodge, assembled in my general business office. The following day, he wrote: I was with the Masonic Lodge and rose to the sublime degree. On May 2 a letter was received by Bodley Lodge from Nauvoo: Inviting Bodley Lodge to participate with them in celebrating the anniversary of St. John, the 24th of June; and on motion it was resolved that tlie Secretary be directed to answer the communication declining to accept the invitation, on account of the great distance, and of our pecuniary exigence, and that the Secretary also say in his letter, that Bodley Lodge regrets that anything extraneous from pure Masonry, should be coupled with this communication, it having been throughout all ages, the peculiar characteristic of Masonry, that she has sent forth her pure flame of living light, before the world, uncontaminated by political doings, and untinged by religious distinctions. On July 15 Bodley Lodge held a special meeting to consider charges against Nauvoo Lodge: Whereas, it has come to the knowledge of Bodley Lodge, No. 1, Quincy, from sources of information which cannot be doubted, That Nauvoo Lodge U.D. have, since the granting of their dispensation, con- ducted in a manner unMasonic, and highly dangerous and injurious to 129 130 Freemasonry in Illinois our beloved institution, to subvert and destroy the great, good, and beneficial influence of Masonic principles; therefore Resolved, That the Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of this State, be requested and is hereby requested, to suspend the authority which has been granted the Nauvoo Lodge by the Grand Master of this State, without delay, and continue said suspension until the Grand Lodge of this State take the subject of said charges into consideration and dis- pose of the same in such manner as they shall deem essential to the ends of justice, and the welfare and prosperity of the institution of Masonry. This was unanimously adopted together with another resolution reading: Resolved, That Bodley Lodge No. 1, of Quincy, request of the Grand Lodge of the State of Illinois, that a committee be appointed at the next meeting of said Lodge, to make inquiry into the manner the officers of Nauvoo Lodge U.D., were installed by the Grand Master of this State, and by what authority the Grand Master initiated, passed and raised Messers Smith and Rigdon to the degree of Entered Appren- tice, Fellow Craft and Master Mason, at one and the same time, and that the proceedings of the committee be reported for the benefit of this Lodge. From the statement made above it is plain that Joseph Smith acted as Grand Chaplain before he was a Mason. The resolution of Bodley Lodge had the desired effect and the Grand Master suspended work of Nauvoo Lodge on August 11. In nearly five months that lodge initiated 256 candidates and raised 243. A special committee was ap- pointed to visit Nauvoo and inspect the records and work. The com- mittee recommended that the lodge be permitted to resume labor. They did so much work that it became necessary to establish two more lodges in Nauvoo— Nye and Helm. A dispensation was issued for a lodge in Montrose, Iowa in 1842. This was chartered as Rising Sun No. 12. Another dispensation was issued for a lodge at Keokuk, Iowa. But complaints continued to be made. The lodges balloted upon several petitions collectively and conferred all the degrees on the same day that candidates were elected. The committee was refused access to the minutes and, after a thorough discussion, the following resolutions were adopted: Resolved, That the charter of Rising Sun Lodge No. 12, be sus- pended, and that the Master and Wardens be cited to appear at the next Grand Annual Communication of this Lodge, to show cause, if they have any, why their charter should not be revoked. Resolved, That in the opinion of this Grand Lodge, it is inexpedient and prejudicial to the interests of Freemasonry, longer to sustain a lodge Mormon Lodges 131 in Nauvoo, and the disrespect and contempt that Nauvoo Lodge and Hehn Lodge have shown in refusing to present the records of their Work to the Grand Lodge. Resolved, That their dispensations be and they are hereby revoked and charters refused. Resolved, That for irregular work and disregard of the resolutions and instructions of this Grand Lodge, the dispensation of Keokuk Lodge and Nye Lodge are hereby revoked and charters refused. To further protect legitimate Masonry from these clandestine mem- bers, the special committee on Grand Lodge certificates reported: 1st Resolved, That this M.W. Grand Lodge recommend to the subordinate lodges working under her jurisdiction, that they acknowl- edge no certificates presented by strange brethren, but such as have emi- nated from the respective Grand Lodges from which they hail; and further that they admit no strange brethren within their Charities or Visitors but such as present certificates as above. 2nd Resolved, That this R.W. Grand Lodge request other Grand and Subordinate Lodges throughout the Globe to pay no attention to Certificates purporting to come from subordinate lodges working under this Grand Lodge, nor permit any Mason hailing from under their juris- diction, to visit their lodges or partake of their Charities, unless they present a certificate from this Grand Lodge, signed by M.W. Grand Master and attested by the Grand Secretary, and the seal of the Grand Lodge. 3rd Resolved, That the Grand Secretary be directed to furnish sub- ordinate lodges with a sufficient number of Blank Certificates as soon as practicable, that the subordinate lodges may be prepared to furnish their members without delay. 4th Resolved, That the Secretaries of the subordinate lodges work- ing under the jurisdiction of this Grand Lodge, be required to register the names of those to whom certificates may be issued, and report same in their annual returns to this Grand Lodge. This was evidently to prevent members of the Mormon lodges from gaining admission to regular lodges. The Mormon lodges paid no attention to the order declaring them clandestine but continued to work, as will be seen by the report of Bodley Lodge: Resolved, That the Secretary be instructed to infomi the Grand Master of this State that the Nauvoo, Keokuk and other Lodges in and about Nauvoo continue to work, and they have given notice in a public paper of their intention to consecrate their Masonic Hall, on the 5th inst., and that the said Masons pretend not to be in possession of official notice that they were deprived of their charter and dispensation. 132 Freemasonry in Illinois The notice of the forthcoming dedication of the Masonic Hall was pubhshed in the Nauvoo Neighbor on March 13, 1844 and following dates until April 5. Masonic Notice. The Officers and brethren of Nauvoo Lodge would hereby make known to the Masonic world that they have fixed on Friday the 5th day of April, for the dedication of their Masonic Hall, to take place at 1 o'clock P.M. All worthy brethren of the Fraternity who feel interested in the cause, are requested to participate vdth us in the ceremonies of dedication. Done by order of the Lodge, Wm. Clayton, Secretary, March 13th, 1844. In the "History of the Church" Joseph Smith said that he attended the ceremonies, that about 550 Masons from various parts of the world were present and took part in a procession that was formed, accom- panied by the Nauvoo brass band, that the exercises were in charge of Hyram Smith, Worshipful Master, that the principal address of the occasion was delivered by Apostle Erastus Snow, that he, Joseph Smith, and Dr. Goforth also addressed the assembly, and that all visit- ing Masons were given dinner in the Masonic Hall at the expense of Nauvoo Lodge. An after effect of the dedication was the trial and convicition of a member of St. Clair Lodge for marching in the procession. The charge was Holding Masonic communion with clandestine Masons, which fact is received from Bro. 's letter to Bro. Helm of Springfield and to G. S. at Jacksonville. His letter reads: With the Masons of Nauvoo I associated in procession (not in work) attended their dedication ceremonies of the Masonic Hall of Nauvoo as a Mason. The lodge held it was not a Masonic procession unless the lodge had been previously opened. If the above reasoning is correct, and we think it is, then it follows that Bro. associated with those individuals in their Lodge capacity, and of course involved himself in their pretended Masonic labor, of whatsoever character it was, and also by his presence and association gave countenance to their illegal and contumelious operations. After a long report in which his action is clearly stated and shown to have been illegal, the report ended by saying: Mormon Lodges 133 The committee do not wish to indulge in mere conjecture, but it does seem that Bro. was determined to participate in the Nauvoo display, though he should do it in contravention of the usages of Ma- sonry, if so he could not escape the expressed condemnation of the Order. We think it is evident from the fact that he stated to several before he left Belleville that he proposed going to Nauvoo to participate in the dedi- cation of the Masonic Hall erecting there, and also from the fact that he took his Masonic regalia with him for the occasion. Your committee are aware that no good end would be answered by inflicting punishment upon an individual who had acted innocently or ignorantly in the prem- ises, yet where there is a flagrant violation of the principles of the insti- tution, it should be met with rigor and severity. We feel, from the facts which have been stated, that Bro. acted knowingly in the case, and most wilfully violated Ancient Masonic usage. In view of the above, your committee feel it their duty to offer the following resolutions: 1st Resolved, That Bro. , by participating with the Nauvoo Lodge, in procession &c., treated the authorities of the G. Lodge with contempt and violated an ancient established principle of the Fraternity. 2nd Resolved, That as Bro. has acted unmasonically as is shown, by the above report, and expressed in the resolution preceeding this, the Lodge deal with him according to Masonic usages in the Fra- ternity. Dated June 14, 1844 C. B. Y. Taylor G. W. Hook J. Mace committee. The sentence as passed, was then carried into execution. As late as 1848 the Grand Master received letters from individuals who joined the Mormon lodges asking about their status. In one case the individual joined before the sentence of suspension was issued; in others the writer was told to present his case to his local lodge for such action as they desired to take. In 1845 the legislature cancelled the charter of the city of Nauvoo and the Mormons then began preparations to leave the state. The Grand Lodge had no further trouble with them. Chapter 12 RITUAL In 1843 Grand Master Helm said concerning the Baltimore Con- vention: It is regretted that owing to the comparatively recent organization of this Grand Lodge, and our consequent inabihty to spare sufBcient funds for that purpose we were unrepresented in that Convention. We should not hesitate, however, to avail ourselves as far as possible, of the benefits to accrue from their valuable labors; particularly such as were directed to the establishing of a uniform mode of work. In no State, perhaps, is some authoritative standard and exposition of the Lectures and Work more needed than in this. Coming as we do from all parts of the United States and of Europe, each bringing with him his pe- culiarity of mode, and a strong predilection in favor of that mode to which he has been accustomed, we necessarily differ among ourselves in many tilings unessential, but in some things materially. Even when these differences are not essential, and refer only to the most trifling minutia, the beauty, regularity and hamiony of the work are marred, and its facihty impeded by the want of uniformity, an inconvenience which will continue to be seen and felt until the defect, shght though it be, shall be remedied. I would, therefore, respectfully recommend that you ap- point at your present session a Grand Lecturer, whose duty it shall be as soon after this convocation as may be, to proceed, at the expense of this Grand Lodge to St. Louis, to confer with the delegates from Missouri to the Baltimore Convention, to become thoroughly instructed by them in the lectures and work as adopted by said Convention, and report the same to this Grand Lodge at its next annual convocation, for their approval or rejection. Levi Lusk was elected Grand Lecturer and a resolution adopted authorizing him to go to St. Louis at the expense of the Grand Lodge and perfect himself in the ritual as above mentioned. The next year Brother Lusk reported that he had carried out the instructions received and had met with Brothers Carnegy and Foster, had obtained the lectures and was now ready to report at the conven- ience of the Grand Lodge. No report appears to have been made that year but in 1845 we find that Brothers Walker and Stuart were in- vited to rehearse the lectures on the first three degrees in Masonry. 134 Ritual 135 The brethren named did rehearse the lectures on the first and second degrees but lack of time prevented the rehearsal of the third degree lecture. Their lectures were unanimously approved by the delegates. No funds were appropriated for the Grand Lecturer as he was only required to visit such lodges as sent for him. Grand Lecturers con- tinued to be appointed but were confined to such lodges as desired their assistance. In 1858 Grand Master Dills divided the state into three districts with a grand lecturer in charge of each and Levi Lusk as Grand Lecturer at large. The first intimation of the impending storm over the ritual was in 1860 when a resolution was introduced reading: Resolved, That section 33 of the By-Laws of this Grand Lodge be amended by adding the words: And the work known as the Webb-Preston work, promulgated by Bros. Samuel Willson and Phillip C. Tucker of Vemiont, and Bro. Rob. Morris, of Kentucky, is hereby recognized as the original and only work of this jurisdiction, and this Grand Lodge hereby afBnns it in every particular as binding upon its subordinate Lodges. The resolution was not adopted but the effect would have been to declare the work of the Conservators' Association the Illinois work. This question caused serious trouble and almost split the Grand Lodge. The history of the Conservators' Association will be treated in a separate chapter. In 1862 Grand Master Blair divided the state into seventeen districts with a Grand Lecturer in charge of each and Harmon G. Reynolds as Grand Lecturer at large. A resolution was adopted unanimously reading: Resolved, That this Grand Lodge has never, either directly or in- directly, authorized the publication of any part of the Work, or pre- tended Key to the same; and that the publication and dispensation of the Work in this fonii, or of the use of C>'phcr, meets with the con- demnation of this Grand Lodge, and therefore is contrary to our obli- gations as Masons. In 1863 a bitter contest was fought in Grand Lodge and the Con- servators' Association outiawed. Grand Master Turner issued an order declaring The manner of opening and closing a Lodge as taught by Bro. Morris and the leading Brethren who taught his Work, is strictly and positively forbidden. Let there be no more calling from labor to refresh- ment in opening up or closing down. Let there be no joining of hands in opening or closing either the second or third degrees. Masters and 136 Freemasonry in Illinois Wardens may exceed the standard opening in no way whatever, except in extending the lectures, which they have a right to do. Let there be no further lecturing of candidates when taking degrees in Lodge, by questions and answers, but let the lectures be given in a clear and narrative fonn. I expect every Master and every Warden upon receiving this ad- dress to conform at once to the above orders and edicts; a failure to do so will probably result in the closing of their lodge until the next Grand Communication. The next year two Masters were cited to appear and explain why they refused to abide by the edict of the Grand Master, The result was that it was Resolved, That Bro. Joseph Robbins W.M. of Quincy Lodge No. 296, be suspended from all the rights and benefits of Freemasonry for the period of twelve months, for contumacy, and disobedience of the resolutions of this Grand Lodge, and the lawful edict of the Grand Master; and tliat Quincy Lodge No. 296 be ordered strictly to con- fonn to said resolution and edict; and that, in case of persistence in disobedience, the Grand Master be directed to demand their charter and records. In the afternoon, by unanimous consent, Brother Joseph Robbins appeared in the presence of the Grand Lodge and made suitable ex- planations and acknowledgement; whereupon, on motion of Past Grand Master Turner, all the portion of the resolution which relates to punishment to be inflicted upon Brother Robbins was stricken out. But the case of James C. Luckey was different. The report on his case was : Bro. James C. Luckey, W.M. of Mystic Tie Lodge No. 187, having in writing, refused to comply with the resolutions of this Grand Lodge and the lawful edict of the Grand Master, is hereby expelled from all the rights, benefits and privileges of Masonry. The M.W. Grand Master is directed to call upon Mystic Tie Lodge No. 187, for the charter, jewels and other records; and in case the said Lodge shall not, within fifteen days thereafter, deliver the same to the Grand Master, or his Deupty, by him appointed, the said Grand Master is directed to declare said Mystic Tie Lodge No. 187 a clandestine Lodge, and all Masons adher- ing to said Lodge, clandestine Masons. Brother Luckey was not present at Grand Lodge, neither was his lodge represented. The following year Brother Luckey requested a hearing on the penalty inflicted upon him at the preceding session and the committee report was : Ritual 137 In regard to the communication of James C. Liickey your com- mittee report that they have had the same under consideration, and after mature dcHberation, having heard his personal explanation of his whole course and his utter disavowal and denial of any refractory dis- position or intentional wrong or contempt towards the ^I.^^^ Grand Lodge or any of its officers, recommend that no further proceedings be had in his case, but that he be recognized as fully restored to all the rights and privileges of Masonry. The report was adopted and all trouble over unauthorized ritual ceased. Further progress was made in ritualistic proficiency by the adop- tion of the following resolution in 1869: Resolved, That a Board of four Examiners, to be nominated by the Most Worshipful Grand Master and confirmed by the Grand Lodge, be appointed, who, with the Grand Master, shall critically examine all applicants for commissions as Grand Lecturers, and appoint none who are not thoroughly conversant with the work of this State. The Grand Master appointed M. D. Chamberlain, T. J. Wade, and T. J. Prickett as Overseers of the Work. This proved satisfactory for several years and ritualistic matters moved along without objection. In 1870 two meetings of a "Grand Lodge of Instruction" were held. Both were highly successful and much interest was manifest. In speak- ing of the school at Odin many years afterwards, Brother Barnard, one of the Grand Examiners, said all they tried to teach was the unwritten work and some floor movements; that Masters were permitted to use any standard monitor. In 1877 when Joseph Bobbins was Grand Master no schools were held. His argument for not holding them was: No schools of instruction have been held by the Grand Examiners during the year, as I could see no warrant in equity for requiring or per- mitting it at the expense of the Grand Lodge, whereby the lodges who have perfected themselves in the work at their own expense, are further taxed for the benefit of those who make no effort for proficiency. Nor is it in my judgment either just or desirable that anytliing which tends to keep an authoritative knowledge of tlie work within a close corpora- tion should be encouraged. Such a knowledge is the birthright of every lodge and ever)' Nhison; and v\hile retaining, in the exercise of my constitutional authority, the Board of Examiners as a standard of ref- erence, and for assistance in determining the competency of those desir- ing to teach, I do not favor a course that shall tend to give the Board what I am sure none of its members desire, — a monopoly of teaching. I have, therefore, in response to inquiries on the subject, unifonnly said that I should be glad, on the recommendation of any one of its members 138 Freemasonry in Illinois in each case, to give authority to teach, to a sufficient number of compe- tent brethren to place a correct knowledge of the work within easy and economical reach of every portion of the jurisdiction. In 1878 and 1879 Grand Master Gurney did not call any schools but Charles F. Tenney held a school at Bement at his own expense in 1880. As time went on there was a demand for a standard ritual ap- proved by the Grand Lodge, one that could not be changed except by action of the Grand Lodge. Grand Master D. D. Darrah appointed a special committee of nine members with himself as chairman to con- sider and report at the session of 1913. The changes were exemplified at tlie schools. The committee recommended that The ritual or "work" as thus exemplified at said schools of instruc- tion be adopted and established as the ritual or "work" of this Grand Jurisdiction, and that the same shall be subject to change hereafter only by formal affirmative action of the Grand Lodge by two-thirds vote at an annual meeting. The report was adopted and all doubt about a correct ritual was ended. In 1913 a committee was appointed to prepare suitable vocal music for use in conferring degrees. This committee reported in 1914 and the list of songs is part of the report. The committee recommended that if vocal music be used that the words above mentioned should be sung with suitable musical setting. Also, that any other set of words appropriate may be used if approved by the Grand Master; that the Grand Lodge publish the report and supply copies to lodges at cost of publication. The committee also recommended that a suitable musical service be prepared for instituting and constituting lodges, cornerstone lay- ings, dedications, installations and funeral services; these arrangements to be used in conjunction with the Book of Ceremonials. During the early days of ritualistic instruction Masters were per- mitted to use any standard monitor that suited them. However, as ritualistic perfection increased it was seen that many monitors did not fit into the Illinois work. Therefore Edward Cook prepared a monitor which was adopted as the standard monitor of the Grand Lodge of Illinois. Brother Cook had his monitor copyrighted and received a commission on all sales. Brother Cook died in 1915. The Grand Lodge then decided to take over the pubhcation of the monitor and ojBFered to buy the plates and rights from the publishing house that controlled Ritual 139 them but was unable to secure the plates. In addition to handling the monitor the publisher sold cypher rituals. Complaints were made that when members wrote for monitors they would be offered a cypher ritual. To dispose of this source of trouble the Grand Lodge deter- mined to print its own monitor. The issue of the monitor of 1876 was free from all copyright protection. This edition the committee took as a basis for writing a new monitor. A few slight changes were made and the committee recommended its adoption, that the monitor be copyrighted by the Grand Lodge and that the printing and distribu- tion be under the control of the Grand Lodge. The complete text of the official monitor was published in the proceedings of 1916. After years of dispute about ritual from 1845 to 1916 the question was finally settled and today no change can be made in wording without formal action by the Grand Lodge. From the first meeting of a lodge in Illinois Masters-elect have been required to take the degree of Past Master before being eligible to have the title of Past Master. This was a general custom in all states. In 1847 (Grand Lodge proceedings page 397) we read: The usages of various Grand Lodges have hitherto been different, some Grand Lodges restricting the degree only to those who had been elected to preside over a regular lodge, others authorizing and some requiring it to be conferred on Wardens-elect, while others permitted or perhaps authorized it to be conferred on any worthy Master Mason who wished it. Your committee deem it unnecessary to discuss the matter at present. The practice of conferring the degree on any but Masters- elect is giving way, and the usage of Grand Lodges is generally settling down upon the original doctrine that the degree belongs of right to none but such as have been elected to preside over a regular lodge, so far as the Grand Lodge is concerned. A Chapter has control of the degree only so far as to confer it on such as have been elected candidates for the Roj'al Arch Degree, and should not confer the degree upon any one as Master of a lodge subordinate to the Grand Lodge. Yet one who has received the degree in a Chapter may be elected and installed to preside over a regular lodge, and be entitled to all the privileges of Past Master of a lodge. Your committee concur in the opinion expressed by the Grand Lodge of Florida, that a Grand Lodge has not the right to confer the degree; and we also concur with the views of the Grand Lodge of Maryland endorsed by the Grand Lodge of New York, that the Master-elect must be qualified to preside by his predecessor or some other who has actually presided as Master. The above quotation expresses the views held by our Grand Lodge until the law which read: 140 Freemasonry in Illinois No brother shall be installed Master of a Lodge until he shall have received tlie degree of Past Master at the hands of at least three actual Past Masters. was declared unnecessary and repealed in 1880. The degree of Past Master had no standing as part of the ofiBcial ritual of the three degrees. The ceremony was left to the inventive genius of those who had charge of the ceremony. Chapter 13 THE CONSERVATORS' ASSOCIATION Robert Morris, Past Grand Master of Kentucky, was the originator of the Conservators' Association. It was designed to institute a uni- form ritual in all the States. Morris was raised at the age of 26 and immediately became interested in the ritual. He determined to dis- cover the "pure and genuine work," and, to that end visited all over the United States, attending about 2,000 lodges in his effort to dis- cover the original Webb-Preston work. With the death of Webb suc- ceeding lecturers began to improve the work by adding expressions of their own. Consequently there came about great confusion and many variations of wording. This was helped by the Anj i-M a sonic exciternent of 18 26-36 which caused many to forget the exact wording that had been in use before that date. Words meaning much the same thing were subjected to scientific scrutiny by Morris. He made use of the writings of Spencer, Bunyan and Shakespeare; the Bible; the oldest Masonic writings and the memory of aged and experienced Masons. For several years Morris travelled and lectured almost constantly in his search for the original ritual. He was a most prolific writer, being the first to publish an American Masonic Jurisprudence; Biographical sketches of prominent Masons; to establish Masonic Schools of Instruction. He was the author of the ritual of the Order of the Eastern Star and on two occa- sions visited the Holy Land to study localities having particular refer- ence to Masonry. In 1884 he was elected Poet-Laureate of Masonry. The result of his study was the printing of what he called "Mne- monics." This book had letters on the left page and figures on the right page. It needed two keys to properly interpret it. Part was read from the top downwards, others from the bottom up and still others from left to right. All monitorial references were taken from Webb's monitor. He wrote a secret ritual for a degree which was to be conferred upon all who accepted his leadership. Each state had a Vice-Chief Conservator with a deputy in each lodge that accepted his leadership. 141 142 Freemasonry in Illinois The fact that he printed a ritual in characters aroused violent oppo- sition in several states, notably Illinois. Harmon G. Reynolds was the leader in the fight to preserve the ritual adopted in 1845. Reynolds' activity caused the Grand Master to feel that his authority was set aside. The result was a bitter feud between the Grand Master and the Grand Secretary. Reynolds based his acts on the words of Section 32 which was adopted in 1858: The delivery or teaching of any Masonic Lectures not author- ized or which have not received the sanction of the Grand Lodge or of its lawful authority, is forbidden. Nor shall any person be permitted to give lectures to the several Lodges of this State, but such as may be duly appointed by the Grand Master. The conservator ritual was promulgated in secret and, therefore, illegal. In 1862 a resolution was adopted reading: In relation to that part of the address, which refers to Work and Ritual your committee most cheerfully endorse the positions taken; and recommend that there be no further legislation upon this subject. This left the whole question of teaching the ritual in the hands of the Grand Master. Reynolds persisted in teaching what he claimed was the original work of Illinois. This brought about several acts by the Grand Master which were extraordinary to say the least. He sent a set of charges to the lodge at Aurora against Past Grand Master Buck and ordered them received and Buck placed on trial. This the lodge refused to do. He did the same thing against Reynolds at Springfield; this lodge also refused to receive them. He then went to Springfield and presided in person over the lodge, ordered the charges read and again the lodge declined to receive them, although the Grand Master was presiding. He then suspended the Springfield Lodge until the Grand Lodge met. He also suspended Jackson Lodge No. 53 and deposed Bromwell as Master of the lodge at Charleston. On July 4 he had notice served on Grand Secretary Reynolds to surrender his office. The text of his order is: Office of the M.W.G.M. of the Gr. L. of Illinois, Chicago, July 4, 1863. Harmon G. Reynolds Esq., Grand Secretary of the G. L. F. and A. M. Springfield, Illinois. Dear Sir: For good and sufficient reasons, as I verily believe, and for the good of the Craft in this jurisdiction, I do, by the authority in me vested, remove you from the office of Grand Secretary of the Grand Lodge of IlHnois, F. and A. Masons, and hereby direct and order you to deliver The Conservators' Association 143 all the books, papers, vouchers, documents and all property belonging to the Grand Lodge of Illinois to Bro. George W. Deering, whom I have appointed to fill such vacancy, and who has filed his bond which has been approved by me. You will take due notice and govern yourself accordingly. Fraternally F. M. Blair, Grand Master [Attest Seal] Now Reynolds tells the story: I at once said to Br. Deering, "I will surrender nothing." He then demanded the records, books, property of the Grand Lodge. Deering then made fonnal demand in the presence of W. E. Owen and B. F. Patrick who were with him. Deering then said he would take the seal, I seized it, and replied he could not have it. Deering seized the seal, I seized it, then Bros. Owen and Patrick seized it. I dragged them to the window and shouted "murder" when Deering said he had done all he wished, I had resisted, and that was all he wanted. Owen quit but Deering and Patrick held on. By this time Capt. Bailhache, Messers. Francis, Shepherd, Speillre and several others thronged the office. In another room I put the seal, closed the door and returned to my office. At this time the City Marshall appeared and at his suggestion I was inclined to have tliem arrested, but reflected a moment that I was in a close place, and sent for Bros. Lavely and Miner. I consulted with them and concluded not to make any complaint. The Marshall cleared the office. In an attempt to vindicate his authority the Grand Master called a special meeting of the Grand Lodge at Chicago on August 12, be- lieving that would prevent many from attending from down state; however, 253 lodges outside of Chicago were represented by 370 delegates. Just before the day set for the meetings Reynolds and several others signed a petition for an injunction to prevent the meet- ing. This petition reads: Harmon G. Reynolds, vs. F. M. Blair, John C. Baker, and the Grand Lodge of Illinois, Free and Accepted Masons. Bill for Injunction. The bill sets forth that the complainant was duly elected Grand Secretary of the Grand Lodge, with a salary of $1,000 and upwards. That the By-Laws require all "regular communications" to be held at the city of Springfield. That such "Grand Lodge" was a corporation created by law. That F. M. Blair as Grand Master, had called a special meeting of the Grand Lodge at Chicago. That it would occasion additional and great expense to members in remote parts of the state, to attend there. That the Secre- 144 Freemasonry in Illinois tary is required by the By-Laws "to be present with the records and hbrary at each session of the Grand Lodge." That they were voluminous and would require great expense to transport them. That he had no authority to appropriate money of the Grand Lodge for such a purpose. That the Grand Master had attempted to depose him from his office, and that by calling such meeting in Chicago a full attendance of members could not be had, and the right of complainant to his said office was in danger of being injured by an attempted recognition of the acts of the Grand Master by a part only of the members, acting as Grand Lodge. Praying the injunction etc. Haines and Story for complainant. From the facts, His Honor, Judge Williams granted an injunction, restraining said Blair and Baker from opening the Grand Lodge, and the Grand Lodge from convening at any other place than Springfield. As no Grand Lodge could be held a convention of Masons was called. After considerable discussion an agreement was reached and the trouble ended. AGREEMENT BETWEEN BLAIR AND REYNOLDS AUG. 12, 1863. 1 — All orders, decrees, edicts and commands contained in any of his circulars of addresses to the Brethren and Lodges in anywise re- lating to lecturers, lectures, work or usages, are hereby revoked, and the whole matter is referred to the Grand Lodge. No brother will be com- missioned, authorized or pennitted to lecture the Craft upon the work and lectures during the remainder of this Masonic year. 2 — All orders, decrees, mandates and commands contained in any of his circulars or addresses to the Brethren and Lodges, and more par- ticularly in those of date June 23, July 4, July 18 and July 28th, 1863, deposing the Grand Secretary, deposing Masters of Lodges, arresting charters, and depriving brethren of their right of visit, are hereby re- voked and considered as never having been made. 3 — The charges now pending against Hannon G. Reynolds, in Tyrian Lodge No. 333 are hereby dismissed. 4 — All offensive expressions in regard to any brother made, either personally or in writing are withdrawn. 1 — It is now also agreed, on the part of Harmon G. Reynolds, and others acting with him, that all offensive expressions, of either a personal or private character, either in the Trowel, by circular or otherwise, in anywise relating to the Grand Master, are withdrawn and retracted. 2 — The said Reynolds and others acting with him, shall discon- tinue all suits in any of the courts, in this State, in anywise relating to the matters now in controversy. And it is mutually agreed that this stipulation shall be signed by the Grand Master, Hannon G. Reynolds as Grand Secretary, be printed. The Conservators' Association 145 and under the seal of the Grand Lodge be sent to every Master, Warden, and Secretary, in this jurisdiction, and that all concerned take due notice and govern themselves accordingly. Wm. Lavely, P.G.M. T. J. Pickett, P.G.M. Jas. L. Anderson, P.G.M. Harrison Dills, P.G.M. Ira A. W. Buck, P.G.M. Allen C. Fuller, P.M., 60 H. W. Hubbard, G.S.D. W. A. Hacker, W.M., Ind. J. D. Park, W.M., 246 O. H. Miner, W.M., 333 Nichols F. Cook, S.W., 308 J. W. Smull, Sec, 111 We, the undersigned, hereby congratulate the Craft of Illinois, upon the happy adjustment of past difficulties, and recommend the same to the favorable endorsement of all good Masons. Wm. Hacker, G.M., Ind. S. D. Bayless, P.G.M., Ind. E. A. Guilbert, G. M., Iowa J. Adams Zullen, P.G.M., Mich. Another statement was printed and sent out to all lodges. Chicago, August 12th, 1863. To the Worshipful Masters, Wardens, and brethren of Free and Ac- cepted Masons in Illinois, we send fraternally love, greeting: Whereas, there has, this day, been a settlement of all personal matters and disputes, of every kind between M.W. F. M. Blair, Grand Master, and R.W. H. G. Reynolds, Grand Secretary, We do therefore earnestly implore you, brethren, to let all partisan feeling cease between you and let us manifest to the world, that notwithstanding all the ebuli- tion of all feeling that has been manifested, yet, guided by the pure prin- ciples of our Order, we yet can and will harmonize and show to each other that no principle shall guide us but that emulation of who best can work and best agree. Therefore, we do recommend to you that from this time forth let all bickering cease, and all unkind feeling toward one another, and let us as in times past, regain that proud eminence as a Grand Lodge that we occupied before these unfortunate difficulties be- came manifest among us. Fraternally yours, F. M. Blair, G. M. Wm. Lavely, P.G.M. T. J. Pickett, P.G.M. James L. Anderson, P.G.M. Harrison Dills, P.G.M. Ira A. W. Buck, P.G.M. Wm. Hacker, G.M., Ind. S. D. Bavless, P.G.M., Ind. E. A. Guilbert, G.M., Iowa. 146 Freemasonry in Illinois The Grand Lodge met on October 6. The printed page is a cold, clear record of what came before the Grand Lodge and the resultant action but it does not show the intense feeling, anxiety, nervousness and worry; it does not show the bitter rivalry between the two fac- tions about the all-absorbing question of the hour— ritual. When Har- mon G. Reynolds presented his report on ritual there was careful attention and all were silent, determined not to miss a word of his report. He told how in 1859 at the meeting of the General Grand Chapter R.A.M. Morris held a "Lodge of Instruction" in Chicago in defiance of the edict of the Grand Lodge that only the original ritual brought from St. Louis in 1845 by Levi Lusk was permitted in Ill- inois. He quoted from a letter from Morris to him dated January 28, 1861: One of my Illinois correspondents says you will oppose the Webb work. I hope not. I want you neutral. Your position would be dam- aged by taking sides against us, and we don't need you for us. In otlier words the battle is to be fought out non-officially — and on its merits. Here is an early adaptation of control by a minority of influential members who intended to force the adoption of the Conservators' ritual regardless of the rulings of the Grand Lodge. Brother Reynolds then followed the action of the Grand Lodge regarding ritual from 1845 to date. Afterwards he explained the organization and purpose of the Conservators' Association. He showed that what Morris claimed was the original Webb-Preston ritual had more than fifty mistakes. This was proved by letters from the living lecturers from whom Morris claimed to have received his ritual. His report was referred to a special committee composed of all the Past Grand Masters present. Their report wholly sustained Brother Reynolds. The report reads: 1 — Resolved, That the acts of Right Worshipful H. G. Reynolds in protecting the rights of the Grand Lodge, and his bold and fearless exposure of the conspiracy which endangered the very existence of this Grand Lodge, and the fundamental principles of Masonry, is en- titled to and will receive the thanks of every loyal Mason in this juris- diction. 2 — Resolved, That the acts of the so-called Conservators in this jurisdiction, by introducing discord and strife among us, and the mer- cenary motives which have governed their chiefs, merits the condem- nation of this Grand Lodge. 3 — Resolved, That the prerogatives, as claimed and exercised by our M.W. Grand Master, during the last Masonic year are not war- The Conservators' Association 147 ranted by the Constitution of this Grand Lodge or the Ancient Consti- tutions of Masonry, and that a new regulation guarding against the usurpation of a Grand Master ought to be incorporated into our Consti- tution. 4 — Resolved, Tliat the old established work of this Grand Lodge, as ordered to be taught by the Grand Lodge, and as taught by Grand Lec- turers John Barney, James H. Luce, Carding Jackson and William A. Dickey, be afRnncd as the regularly established work of this Grand Lodge, and all other fonns of work and lectures are hereby prohibited. These resolutions were signed by seven Past Grand Masters. It must have been a great rehef to Brother Reynolds to know that the Past Grand Masters were solidly behind him in his fight to protect the original ritual. Picynolds, in his anxiety to carry his objective had a bill presented to the legislature to curb the powers of the Grand Master. The bill was that certain able, well-tried Past Grand Masters — men of character among the Craft — should constitute a certain Board of Review — that in case the Grand Master should be guilty of usurpation, oppression, corruption, or bad character, the said board might try and remove him, and that their expenses should be paid. This was done in the heat of passion and being ill-advised was promptly condemned by cooler heads. Past Grand Master Buck introduced a series of resolutions, the sum of which was that no Mason adhering to the Conservators' Asso- ciation be allowed to sit in any lodge until he had renounced his con- nection with said association and that every officer-elect, before in- stallation, should be required to take an obligation that he had no connection with the proscribed association. The committee on that part of the Grand Secretary's report con- cerning his personal character said that during the whole time he was with us, whether as a' citizen or public officer, acted acceptably to us, that he faithfully performed his duties as a citizen and officially we believe him to be an honest, upright man. The report was signed by eighteen members from fifteen lodges. The Conservators were an early adaptation of the principles of rule by a closely bound minority of influential members. The member- ship shows 228 names in Illinois. John C. Baker, the Chief Conserva- tor, was the Deputy Grand Master. Others were two Past Grand Mas- ters, two Past Junior Grand Wardens, some Grand Lecturers and 148 Freemasonry in Illinois several who were prominent in other Grand Bodies. Also four future Grand Masters. At the election of officers Thomas J. Turner was elected Grand Master from the floor. His opponent was John C. Baker. The vote was Turner 644, Baker 253. For Grand Secretary Reynolds received 557 votes; Blakesley, a Conservator, 334. The rout of the Conservators was complete. This was the most serious trouble that ever came before the Grand Lodge and most of those connected with the illegal ritual cheerfully abided by the de- cision of the Grand Lodge but there were two notable exceptions which are given under the heading "RITUAL." Chapter 14 THE NEGRO QUESTION In 1845 a report was circulated that negroes were being admitted to certain Chicago lodges. This caused great excitement and several lodges adopted resolutions on the subject. The first was printed and mailed to the other lodges by Harmony No. 3. The full text is: Whereas, it has been represented to us by a worthy brother, in whom all confidence can be placed, that a negro is admitted to all the privileges of our Fraternity in the Lodges in Chicago; and Whereas, We are also informed that the Lodge in Chicago over which the G. ^L of the G. L. presides as Master, has now before it for action petitions from two or more negros; and Whereas, We have learned that the M.W. G.M. of the G. L. of Illinois is urgent in favor of the admission of negros into our ancient and honorable Fraternity; therefore. Resolved, That it is with deep and unfeigned regret that we have learned these facts, and that we deem it our imperative duty to remonstrate, in the strongest temis, against this innovation on the rules, regulations, and obligations of the Fraternity. Resolved, That we cannot recognize any individual of the African race as being "free-bom," as they are, by the constitution and laws of our country, denied the rights and privileges of citizens. Neither can we extend to them the hand of fellowship and brotherly love, believing that by so acting we would be trampling upon all of the landmarks of the institution. Resolved, That the course pursued by the M.W. G.M. of the G. L. of this State, in this matter, is, in our opinion, unworthy of the high office to which he has been promoted, and, if persisted in, will inevitably lead to the destruction, not only of the haniiony of the G. L. of this State, but will be destructive of the Institution itself; and that unless he desists from the effort to introduce negroes into the Institution, we must, as members of the G. L., solemnly protest against his conduct, as being de- rogatory to and unbecoming the presiding officer of any Lodge, much more so as G. M. Resolved, That we deem it highly derogatory to the Institution for a blue Lodge even to receive a petition from an individual not recog- nized as a "free-man," much more so to entertain and act upon it, and if such course is persisted in, we shall deem it our imperative duty to 149 150 Freemasonry in Illinois disconnect our Lodge from said Lodge, as well as the Grand Lodge, which will permit one of its subordinate Lodges so to act. Resolved, That if negros are admitted into the Lodge at Chicago, or other places under the jurisdiction of our G. L., we shall at the next regular meeting of our Lodge, after learning said fact, tender our char- ter to the G. L., and tlius dissolve our connection with such un- masonic conduct. Resolved, That a copy of these proceedings be forwarded to each Lodge in this State, with the request that they take immediate action thereon, and inform us thereof, and that a copy be sent to the G.M., that he may see the estimation in which his efforts are held by a part of the Fraternity, and also a copy be forwarded to the G. Lodges of Missouri and Kentucky. Bodley No. 1 appointed a committee to ascertain the facts on the subject and report. Springfield No. 4 condemned the action of Harmony No. 3, saying: We are most happy to state that the communication received is satisfactory in the highest degree, establishing beyond all doubt, that the charges preferred against him (G.M.) by our brethren of Hannony Lodge are false in fact, and should not for a moment disturb the peace and harmony of our Order, nor interfere to any extent with the private feeling of any individual brother, whatever may be his feeling of op- position to the admission of "negros" into our ancient and honorable Order. We beg leave to remark that we regret most deeply the course pursued in this matter, by our brethren of Harmony Lodge, as being calculated to produce much mischief — to interfere most seriously with that spirit of charity and Masonic confidence so indispenably necessary to our prosperity as an Order, as well as to our respect and esteem in public consideration. The report closed with a few statements from the Grand Master; The first charge is false, to-wit; "a negro is admitted to all the privileges of the Fraternity in the Lodges at Chicago: to which our G. M. replies: This is false — for that no "negro" is a member of any Lodge in Chicago or is in the enjoyment of any such privileges now, nor ever has been. 2d charge: The Lodge in Chicago over which the Grand Master of the Grand Lodge presides as Master has now before it for action, petitions from two or more negroes. Reply, — This is false — for that, first, I am not now Master of any Lodge in Chicago; and second, in that no Lodge over which I ever did preside as Master ever received, or had offered to it to be received, a petition from any negro or negroes. 3d charge: The M.W. G.M. of Illinois is urgent in favor of the ad- mission of negroes into our ancient and honorable Fraternity. The Negro Question 151 Reply, — This is false — for that I have never in any Lodge what- ever either urged, recommended, or said one word in favor of the ad- mission of negroes into our ancient and honorable Order. Thus brethren, do I plead; is not this sufficient? This report was adopted, ordered printed and distributed generally. St. Clair Lodge No. 24 accepted the statements in the Harmony resolution as being the facts, approved them and: That we respectfully request all the subordinate Lodges (at Peoria) to send one delegate, to meet on tlie first Tuesday in April, 1846, to determine what course it would be most proper to pursue, so that we may be purged from this great evil, and again hold a place in the affections of the Masonic bosom. Friendship No. 7 approved the resolution by St. Clair for a con- vention with the proviso, "if the information received by us is correct." Macon No. 8 expressed itself forcibly on the subject but qualified action by the little word "IF." Only two letters but it stayed action until a fair and complete investigation could be had. The investigation brought forth the following: Resolved, That we deeply regret that Harmony Lodge No. 3 should have taken so hastj' action upon a matter so highly important to the Masonic world, without the highest and most unquestionable authority. While we are happy to find that the charges made by said Lodge are unfounded in fact, and that the Lodge at Chicago and the W.G.M. stand exculpated before the Masonic world. Several other lodges passed resolutions, all opposed to the admis- sion of negroes but all waiting for the facts before committing them- selves further. The report of the Chicago lodges gave the facts which are: A. B. Lewis, a well bred mulatto man, musician by profession, re- putedly of Cherokee aboriginal blood maternally, and paternally of African blood, now, and for a year or two past, a resident of Chicago, is un- doubtedly the individual alluded to. Hailing, as a Master Mason, from within tlie jurisdiction of another Grand Lodge, whose diploma, duly signed, he exhibited, he has been admitted a few times, as a visitor, to the Lodges in this city, but is not a member of either. That this indi- vidual, then, half Indian and half negro, has visited Lodges in Chicago and been admitted to the privileges of a visiting brother, is true; that he is an undoubted brother Mason, a modest, worthy man, and "of good report" is equally true. And how his exclusion from any Lodge where he might apply and exhibit his credentials, would comport with the respect due to the Grand Lodge whose diploma he presented here, one of the most intelligent and respectable bodies of Masons in the 152 Freemasonry in Illinois United States, is a question left to Harmony Lodge, and others adopt- ing her action, to answer, should the brother in question seek admission among them. To the charge that the lodge over which the Grand Master presided as Master received petitions from negroes, the reply was : that the Lodge over which the Grand Master was for a time Master, never received a petition from any negro or negroes; but that Apollo Lodge No. 32 of this city, over which the M.W.G. Master may have oc- casionally presided, as over any other Lodge, but of which he never was Master, did, at a regular communication on the 2d day of May last, W.M. Wm. Stuart presiding, receive and refer the petitions of two men, resi- dents of this city, by name Johnson and Davidson, by trade barbers, of mixed Anglo Saxon and African blood, though the proportion of African blood is evidently small, reputed "freebom," certainly of good report, and one or both entitled to vote by the laws of this State. On the 5th day of May, at a special meeting of said Lodge, a reso- lution was adopted, instructing the committee on said petitions, not to report until after the next meeting of the Grand Lodge in October then following; in order, as was stated, previously to procure an expression of the Grand Lodge on the subject. The committee on the petitions reported favorably but the peti- tioners were asked to withdraw the petitions. So the tempest in a tea- pot, caused by unfounded rumors, ended after stirring up much excit- ment. Grand Master Walker stated: I have never either in any one of your Lodges, or in any other, either urged, recommended, or said one word, in favor of the admission of negroes into our ancient and honorable Fraternity. That statement cleared the Grand Master completely. Harmony Lodge received much unfavorable comment upon its precipitancy of action without first securing the facts. The report of the Grand Lodge investigating committee said: Resolved, That this Grand Lodge have the utmost confidence in the Rev. W. F. Walker, Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Illinois, be- lieving him a true brother at heart, alone actuated by a desire to advance the prosperity of the Craft. However, to make sure there was no doubt as to their attitude, the Grand Lodge, in 1852, adopted resolution No. 44, which later became Sections 81 and 82 of the By-laws: Resolved, That all subordinate Lodges under this jurisdiction be in- The Negro Question 153 structed to admit no negro or mulatto, as visitor or otherwise, under any circumstances whatever. 2 — That if any Lodges under this jurisdiction hereafter violate this expressed will of this Grand Lodge, it shall be the duty of the Most Worshipful Grand Master of this State at once to arrest their charter. In 1865 a motion was made to repeal these sections. No report was made but in the constitution and by-laws printed in 1871 both sections were marked "repealed." Chapter 15 THE MEXICAN WAR YEARS 1847. A petition was presented to the Grand Master: Your petitioners, George C. Lanphere, George W. Palmer, John H. Mitchell, Daniel T. Denman, Wyatt B. Stapp, Ezekiel Kent and James Townsley, would respectfully represent that they are all Ancient, Free and Accepted Masons, and belong to a company of mounted volunteers received into the service of the United States and known as Company B; that they are about to depart for Vera Cruz, in Mexico, to operate against the enemy there; tliat they are desirous of being authorized by dispensation to work under the authority of said Grand Lodge, and do respectfully recommend George C. Lanphere to be Worshipful Master, George W. Palmer to be Senior Warden, and John H. Mitchell to be Junior Warden; and they will, as in duty bound, ever pray, &c. George C. Lanphere George W. Palmer John H. Mitchell Ezekiel Kent Jr. D. T. Denman Wyatt B. Stapp James Townsley ( Vouched for and recommended by Hiram Lodge No. 26. ) This was referred to a special committee which reported: Resolved, That it is inexpedient to grant the prayer of Bro. Lan- phere and others praying for a dispensation to a company of mounted volunteers. The next day another resolution was presented and adopted: Resolved, That the Most Worshipful Grand Master be authorized to grant dispensations for travelling lodges attached to Illinois regiments in Mexico, to work in the territory thereof, to any brethren qualified, who may be engaged in the service of the United States in that country; provided they shall not initiate, pass or raise, any persons but residents of the State of Illinois; that such lodge shall in all cases comply with the requisitions of the constitution and by-laws of the Grand Lodge of Illinois, and shall return such dispensations at the expiration of their tenn of service. 154 The Mexican War Years 155 The vote on the report was 17 for; 11 against. There is no record showing that this dispensation was ever issued. Another resolution was adopted: Whereas, This Grand Lodge has been satisfactorily inforaied that Equahty Lodge No. 2, has been unable to enjoy Masonic privileges dur- ing the past year, from the absence of her officers and most of her members in Mexico and elsewhere; therefore; Resolved, That the dues of Equality Lodge No. 2, be remitted for the past year. In the return of Piasa Lodge No. 27 appears the name of John J. Hardin, raised. In March 27, 1847: The Lodge having received news of the battle fought in Mexico, near Saltillo, (Buena Vista), and that many worthy brethren had fallen therein, closed the Lodge without transacting business. April 2 — The Lodge having received news of the death of John J. Hardin — Col. of the First Regiment passed resolutions appro- priate to the occasion. The Grand Lodge also adopted a preamble and resolutions re- garding the loss of Brother Hardin and it was Resolved, That the members of this Grand Lodge will wear the usual badge of mourning during the present session as a mark of respect for their lamented Brother John J. Hardin. Resolved, That the Grand Secretary be instructed to transmit a copy of this resolution to the family of our late brother. While the Grand Lodge of Illinois did not grant any dispensations for military lodges during the Mexican War, there was a lodge in the First Ilhnois Regiment while it was stationed at Santa Fe, New Mexico. John Ralls, Colonel of the Third Missouri Volunteer Militia was also Grand Master of Masons. There being a number of Masons in his regi- ment he issued a dispensation for Missouri Military Lodge No. 86. The first meeting was held at Independence, Missouri, but no more were held until the 900 miles march to Santa Fe was completed. When the Masons in the First Illinois Regiment learned of this lodge they be- came regular attendants. The first meeting of the lodge in Santa Fe was in the quarters of the Grand Master. Lieutenant Colonel Hender- son P. Boyakins acted as Senior Deacon. Colonel Boyakins was raised in Clinton Lodge U.D. at Carlyle, Illinois, on August 9, 1842. The following year, August 14, he was elected and installed Master of Marion Lodge at Salem, Illinois. At least once he presided over 156 Freemasonry in Illinois Missouri Military Lodge and at other times filled dijfferent stations. About October 1 it became known that the Third Missouri Regiment had been ordered to Mexico. As the lodge had several petitions for action and degrees to be conferred, a meeting was held every night from the third to the nineteenth, inclusive. The Illinois members peti- tioned for a dispensation for a military lodge under the name of Hardin Military Lodge. It was named for Colonel John J. Hardin of the First Illinois Regiment who was killed at the battle of Buena Vista some months previous. The moving spirit in securing the dispensation was Vantrump Turner, Captain of Co. C, First Illinois Regiment. Turner was raised in Clinton Lodge U.D. at Carlyle on August 5, 1843 and was Treasurer of Marion Lodge at Salem in 1844. The Dispensation. THE MOST WORSHIPFUL JOHN RALLS Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Ancient Free and Accepted Ma- sons of the State of Missouri. Whereas, a petition has been presented to me by Vantrump Turner, George W. Hook, James R. Hugunin, Simon Lundry, D. Turner, Henry J. Reed, L B. Donalson, Joseph Wham, all Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, praying that they, with such others as shall hereafter join them, may be erected and constituted into a regular lodge of Free and Ac- cepted Masons, which petition appearing to me as tending to the ad- vancement of Masonry and the good of the Craft;— Know Ye, therefore, that I, the Grand Master of the Grand Lodge aforesaid, reposing special trust and confidence in the prudence and fidelity of our beloved brethren above named, presents the said Van- trump Turner, George W. Hook, James R. Hugunin, Simon Lundry, D. Turner, Henry J. Reed, L B. Donalson, Joseph Wham, a regular lodge of Free and Accepted Masons, under the title and distinction of THE HARDIN LODGE NO. 87 hereby giving and granting unto them and their successors full power and authority to convene as Masons and as a regular travelling lodge at such time and places as may be suitable for the transaction of business in Masonry, within the Regiment of Volunteers from the State of Illi- nois, known as the First Regiment, now lying at Santa Fe in New Mexico, fomied under the requisition of the War Department of the State of Illinois of the 19th April A.D. 1847, and to receive and enter Apprentices, pass Fellow Crafts and raise Master Masons, upon the pay- ment of such moderate sums for the same as may be determined by the said Lodge, also to make choice of a Master, Wardens, and other oflBce bearers, annually or otherwise as they shall see cause, to receive and The Mexican War Years 157 collect funds for relief of the poor and distressed brethren, their widows and children, and in general to transact all matters relating to Masonry which may to them appear to be for the good of the Craft according to ancient usages and customs of Masonry. And we do hereby require the said constituted brethren to keep a fair and regular record of all their proceedings and to lay them before the Grand Lodge when required, and that they in all respects conduct themselves as good Masons. And it is hereby declared that said lodge take precedence in the Grand Lodge and elsewhere to commence on the 9th day of October A.L. 5847, A.D. 1847, and this charter and all the power and authority under the same shall cease and determine within six months after the close of the present war with Mexico, unless the regiment is sooner discharged. In testimony whereof, I, John Ralls, Grand Master aforesaid, by virtue of the power and authority to me committed, have hereunto set my hand and caused a scroll to hereunto be affixed, in place of the seal of the Grand Lodge of the State, the said seal of the Grand Lodge being with the Grand Secretary of the Grand Lodge in his olfcc in the Cit>' of St. Louis. Given at the City of Santa Fe, in the State of New Mexico, this 9th day of October, A.L. 5847, A.D. 1847. [seal] JOHN RALLS, Grd, Master, Grand Lodge of Missouri. Attest JAMES R. HUGUNIN Grand Secretary P.T. The term of the Grand Master expired on October 11. In separating the lodges unfinished business relating to Hardin Lodge was transferred to that lodge. There were three petitions for degrees, one of which was from E. W. B. Newby, Colonel, First Ill- inois Regiment, also five Entered Apprentices. The minutes of this lodge were never turned in so it is impossible to tell how many candi- dates were raised. Neither is there anything to tell how long the lodge functioned. Partial list of members of Hardin Lodge No. 87. Colonel E. W. B. Newby Lieutenant Colonel Henderson P. Boyakins Major Israel B. Donalson Surgeon Daniel Turner Captains Vantrump Turner Co. C George W. Hook Co. F Henry J. Reed Co. G 158 Freemasonry in Illinois Lieutenants Isham N. Haynie Co. C Levi Wright Co. C Simon Lundry Co. G Sergeant Joseph Wham Privates B. Wham Co. C James R. HugimiB, Co. F. Chapter 16 CALIFORNIA LODCxES In 1849 Grand Master William Lavely granted dispensations for two lodges in California: To Bro. N. D. Morse as Master, Bro. Alexander Ewing as Senior \\'arden, Bro. L. D. Montgomery as Junior W'arden, and other brethren to fonn and open a TraveUing Lodge in the Territor>' of CaHfornia by the name of "Pacific Lodge." To Bro. John R. Crandall as Master, Bro. A. O. Garrett as Senior Warden, Bro. J. W. MofRt as Junior Warden, and other brethren to form and open a TraveUing Lodge in the Territory of California by the name of "Lavely Lodge." The Grand Master said: In granting dispensations to the two lodges in California, as the pe- titioners could not designate any particular place in the territory where they might remain while there, I gave them authority to open their lodge and hold their meetings at any place they might sojourn where no G. Lodge was established. And in view of the great distance they would be from us, and the impossibility of their being enabled to make returns of their work, &C, to our present communication, as required in ordinary cases, the dispensations were so granted as to continue in full force until the return of the respective Masters named therein, unless sooner revoked by the Grand Lodge. This act may be considered an assumption of power on my part, as in ordinary cases it is understood that the Grand Master cannot in recess of the Grand Lodge, grant a dispensation for a new lodge to extend be>ond the next annual communication. But all the circumstances in connection with these two lodges and their destina- tion, seemed to justify some deviation from the general rule, and as the dispensations were intrusted to such brethren and members of our Grand Lodge as P.G.M. Morse, and P.D.G.M. Crandall, I could not hesitate in drafting their dispensations to give them such powers as the emer- gency of their cases actually required, being well assured that the trust would not be abused in their hands, wherever their lots might be cast. It is with you, however, to ratify or annul m\' proceedings in the matter, and take such further action as may seem right and proper, as to the continuation of those two lodges. 159 160 Freemasonry in Illinois Pacific Lodge Pacific Lodge was located at Long's Bar, Butte County, about two and one-half miles north of Oroville, and was organized in 1850. Among the distinguished gentlemen who were initiated into the mysteries of Masonry in that Lodge were Charles F. Lott and John Bidwell. Brother Lott, who died on September 4, 1918 at the ripe age of 94, described the Lodge room as being a log house rising about four feet above the ground, with a dirt floor excavated sufficiently to permit one to stand in the room. The altar and pedestals were stumps of trees, the lights were candles, and the jewels cut from tin cans. Primitive, yes, but the "work" was impressive and much good for the community came forth from that rude cabin. Judge Lott received his third degree in Pacific Lodge on December 15, 1850. John Bidwell, in a letter written August 11, 1897, gave a side light on early-day procedure that is interesting. He wrote that You ask me to send the name of the Lodge where I took the degrees. In the winter of 1850-51 a friend persuaded me to take the first degree in San Jose — the name I do not remember. A few years later at Hamil- ton, which was tlien the county seat of Butte County, the two follow- ing degrees. There was no lodge there — no lodge room — but the man who acted as Master had authority, as I understand to confer such degrees. Think his name was Morse or Moss. It might have been Butte Lodge. The exact years I do not recall. The returns of San Jose Lodge No. 10 for November 1, 1851, report the name of John Bidwell as an Entered Apprentice. The Master re- ferred to was Nelson D. Morse, Past Grand Master of Illinois, who had authority to form a Lodge under the dispensation (dated March, 1849) for Pacific Lodge. In Grand Lodge, (California) November 6, 1851, "a communication from Brother J. R. Crandall in reference to Pacific Lodge U.D. was received and referred to a committee of three." And on May 5, 1852, "the committee on the affairs of Pacific Lodge, at Long's Bar, reported that said Lodge had closed and dissolved before the committee had time to communicate with it." It was Resolved, That all Masons made in Pacific Lodge, under dispensa- tion from Illinois, be received and acknowledged by the Lodges under this jurisdiction. Brother Morse was a member of the legislature in 1852 represent- ing Butte County. He died in 1854 and the resolutions of respect said: California Lodges 161 That as agent of this Grand Lodge (IHinois) Brother Morse did much to exemphfy the principles of our time-honored institution in California, and was able to contribute much material aid and comfort to many distressed and suffering brethren. Lavely Lodge Lavely Lodge was organized by Brother Crandall at Marysville in the early months of 1850, with about thirty members, and con- tinued in operation until the formation of Grand Lodge of California in April, when the brethren petitioned for and, in November, 1850, received a charter as Marysville Lodge No. 9. Brother Crandall, who had removed to Trinity River in May 1850, left the Lodge in charge of Brother Garrett, the Senior Warden. For quite a while the Lodge held its meetings in a tent located near the corner of Fourth and East Streets. Brother Crandall was very active in Masonic work. In addition to his labors in establishing the first Lodge at Marysville, he assisted in organizing LaFayette Lodge at Nevada, and was the first Master of Nevada Lodge No. 13. He was Senior Grand Warden in 1853. The above information is from the history of Masonry in California by John Whicher, one time Grand Secretary. The title is "Masonic Beginnings in California and Hawaii." In "Fifty Years of Masonry in California," by Edwin A. Sherman we find: In the spring of 1850, Bro. Crandall, being in Marysville, was de- sirous of locating a lodge there under the Illinois dispensation, and issued a general notice to all Master Masons who were in town, stating his intentions. In pursuance of this notice about thirty Master Masons as- sembled and organized ( Laville ) Lavely ? Lodge, with J. R. Crandall, as W.M., A. O. Garrett, S.W., and W. Moffett, J.W. On May 1, 1850, Bro. Crandall having moved to Trinity River, the Lodge was left in charge of the Senior Warden, and for some time was held in a tent near the comer of Fourth and E. Streets. The Grand Lodge of California hav- ing been organized, this Lodge reported its proceedings under the Ilhnois dispensation, and petitioned for a charter, which was granted November 27, 1850, but it reported its work and transmitted its dues to the Grand Lodge of Ilhnois, under whose jurisdiction it had acted up to that time. Dr. John R. Crandall, the father of Masonry in Yuba county, re- ceived the degrees in 1836 in Pekin Lodge No. 29. In 1842 he was a charter member of Temple Lodge No. 46 at Peoria, 111. Besides estab- lishing Mar>'sville Lodge U.D., he assisted in organizing Lafayette Lodge, afterward Nevada Lodge No. 13, at Nevada City, and was its first master in 1851, and in 1852 he became a charter member and subsequent 162 Freemasonry in Illinois Master of Eureka Lodge No. 15 at Auburn, Placer County, and Senior Grand Warden of the Grand Lodge of California in 1853. In discussing the diflBculty of uniformity in work in the lodges, and naming the persons who gave their versions of the true work he said Every Master Mason and Past Master who came from every other Grand Lodge Jurisdiction claimed to have been made under and to have the only true and perfect work, no matter how much they might differ. Worshipful Brother John R. Crandall taught the Illinois work in California Lodge No. 1, in 1850, and exemplified it as he received it, giving it to the Lodges at Marysville and Nevada City, as well as elsewhere in California. The California history quoted has made a serious mistake in dates when Brother Crandall took his degrees. Pekin Lodge was not chart- ered until 1845 and Brother Crandall's name is shown as Master in 1845 and Junior Grand Warden. He was Senior Deacon in Temple Lodge No. 46 but that lodge was not chartered until 1847. He was Deputy Grand Master of Illinois in 1847. Chapter 17 LODGES OUTSIDE OF THE STATE On June 12, 1843 Grand Master Meredith Helm granted a dispen- sation to Lemuel B. Hull, Worshipful Master; Abram D. Smith, Senior Warden; and David Merrill, Junior Warden, to form and open Mil- waukee Lodge at Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The report from this lodge in 1843 showed fifteen members. When the Grand Lodge of Wisconsin was organized the lodge was transferred to that jurisdiction. On February 8, 1852 a dispensation was issued by Grand Master Pickett for Cataract Lodge at St. Anthony's Falls, Minnesota with Dr. Alfred E. Ames as Master. This lodge was instrumental in forming the Grand Lodge of Minnesota and its Master, A. E. Ames, was elected first Grand Master. On April 3, 1855 a petition was filed with the Deputy Grand Master, T. O. Wilson, for a dispensation to open and hold a lodge at Bellvue, Nebraska. The Deputy Grand Master issued the dispensation and, in a letter to Grand Master Anderson admitted his doubt as to his action. The reply of the Grand Master was I know of no authority for your grunting them either by law or precedent in our Grand Lodge, nor in any other where the power is not expressly delegated. The committee on Lodges U.D. reported: They are of opinion that in granting a dispensation for a Lodge to be called "Nebraska Lodge," the R.W. Dcp. Gr. Master transcended his rights and powers. However the charter was granted to "Nebraska Lodge" No. 184 with I. B. Kinney as Worshipful Master; P. J. McMahon, as Senior Warden; and George Hepner as Junior Warden. Grand Master Hibbard reported in 1857: Last July I received a letter from Bro. Ira A. W. Buck, from Omaha City, N.T., informing me that Nebraska Lodge at Bellvue chartered by this Grand Lodge in 1855, had never been constituted, nor their officers installed. They had done no work, but were anxious to be constituted, 163 164 Freemasonry in Illinois and set to work properly. He suggested the propriety of sending my proxy in the matter to him, as he expected to remain there long enough to receive it, and perform the duty. I acted upon his suggestion, and a few days since I received a letter from Robert C. Jordan, enclosing my proxy sent to Bro. Buck, informing me that he (Bro. Buck) not being able to perform the duty, had deputized him in his place, and that on the 22nd of August last, he perfomied the duty set forth in said proxy. He also enclosed the return of Nebraska Lodge, and the sum of ten ($10) dollars, as Grand Lodge dues, notifying me that in a few days from that time, the Lodges there anticipated forming a Grand Lodge for the Territory of Nebraska. When the lodge participated in forming the Grand Lodge of Ne- braska in 1857 it reported twelve members. This was the first lodge in Nebraska Territory. In 1853 Grand Master Ames issued a dispensation: To R.W. Brother Daniel C. McNeill as Master, Bro. George A. Blakeslee as Senior Warden and Bro. George Bennett as Junior Warden, and the requisite number of additional brethren to form and open a travelling lodge across the plains to Oregon by the name of Pilgrim Lodge. The Grand Master said in his annual report: The dispensation granted to R.W. Bro. McNeill and others for Pil- gram Lodge was returned to me from Iowa — the sickness of the Master prevented him from journeying farther. Not getting out of the jurisdic- tion of the Grand Lodge of Iowa, they never used the dispensation granted them. In 1865 Grand Master Turner reported: I also granted a dispensation, on the twenty-eighth day of August, to the requisite number of brethren, to open a new lodge at Nevada City, in the Territory of Montana. There is no further mention of this dispensation in the Illinois records. Chapter 18 MILITARY LODGES 1862 To Brother W. D. Craig and the requisite number of brethren to form and open a Mihtary Lodge in the Ninth Regiment, IlHnois Vol- unteers, by the name of Dick Oglesby Lodge. To Brother Albion F. Taylor and the requisite number of brethren to form and open a Military Lodge in the Fortieth Ilhnois Regiment by the name of Egyptian Military Lodge. To Brother John N. Niglas and the requisite number of brethren to form and open a Military Lodge in the Sixth Cavalry Regiment, Illinois Volunteers, by the name of Governor Yates Military Lodge. To Brother Silas C. Toler and the requisite number of brethren to form and open a Military Lodge in the Sixtieth Illinois Regiment by the name of Douglas Military Lodge. To Brother Edwin H. Smith and the requisite number of brethren to form and open a Military Lodge in the Second Artillery Regiment, Illinois Volunteers, by the name of Halleck Military Lodge. 1863 To Brother Joseph Fogue and the requisite number of brethren to form and open a Military Lodge in the Sixty-sixth Regiment, Illinois Volunteers, to be named Justice Military Lodge. To Brother W. W. Jackson and the requisite number of brethren to form and open a Military Lodge in the Sixteenth Army Corps, to be named Metamora Lodge. To Brother Stedman Hatch and the requisite number of brethren to form and open a Military Lodge in the Sixteenth Regiment, Illinois Volunteers, to be named Sixteenth Illinois Volunteer Regiment Lodge. To Brother George Broad and the requisite number of brethren to form and open a Military Lodge in the Forty-seventh Regiment, Ill- inois Volunteers, to be named William A. Thrush Military Lodge. To Brother D. D. Irons and the requisite number of brethren to 165 166 Freemasonry in Illinois form and open a Military Lodge in the Eighty-sixth Regiment, Illinois Volunteers, to be named Wallace Military Lodge. To Brother W. S. Post and the requisite number of brethren to form and open a Military Lodge in the Eighty-first Regiment, Illinois Volunteers, to be named Union Lodge. Most of these lodges did little or no work on account of the condi- tions under which they labored but there was one notable exception. This was Halleck Military Lodge, which was located at a division point where soldiers rested before going south and those on the way home rested a few days. This lodge was under the control of Silas O. Vaughn, not a soldier but connected with the Ordnance Department tlirough his friend John A. Ladd who was Master of Transportation. The first officers of the lodge resigned and Brother Vaughn was sent by the Grand Master to take charge of the lodge. This information was fur- nished by his son, William Vaughn, who was at Columbus, Kentucky as a boy and saw the life there. Halleck Military Lodge reported 145 initiated; 137 passed; 123 raised; nine rejected. In 1864 the lodge paid $63 in dues and asked to have the dispensation continued, which was granted. Brother Wil- liam Vaughn is responsible for a statement that his father told him that General U. S. Grant had been elected to receive the degrees and ar- rangements had been made to confer all three the same night but shortly before the date set he received an order to go south to Vicks- burg and never came back so the degrees were not conferred. Another lodge whose record is lost was Justice Military Lodge which in 1864 paid $100 of dues. Evidently this lodge did consider- able work to account for the large remittance for dues. In 1864 the Grand Secretary published a list of Illinois army officers and men who were Masons. It included five Major Generals, eight Brigadier Generals; one Inspector General of the Army of the Cumber- land; forty-one Colonels; forty-two Lieutenant Colonels; thirty-five Majors; three Paymasters; ten Chaplains; twenty-seven Quartermasters; 278 Captains; six Assistant Surgeons; six Adjutants; five Assistant Pay- masters; 264 Lieutenants; nine Hospital Stewards; one Sergeant Major; 135 Sergeants; two Color Bearers; one Ensign; four Musicians; twelve Corporals; 545 Privates; one Second Eng. of gun boat; one Pilot; one Lieutenant Commander; one Farrier; four Teamsters; one Forage Master; one Saddler; four Clerks; twenty-three whose positions were not given. Military Lodges 167 1864 Grand Master Turner issued dispensations for four military lodges: Washington, One hundred-second Regiment, Illinois Infantry; Fuller, Thirty-ninth Regiment, Ilhnois Infantry; Illinois Second Cavalry; Smith D'Atkins Ninety-second Regiment, Illinois Infantry. In 1865 Grand Master Turner said: Previous to my installation several dispensations had been granted, by my predecessor, to open Military' Lodges in the army then in the field. I have never been fully infonned as to the extent of the powers granted by these dispensations; but I suppose they did not confer any authority to invade foreign jurisdictions, and make Masons from the citizen soldiery of other States. In all the dispensations for military lodges granted by me, jurisdiction was limited to the single regiment of Illinois troops to which the dispensation was granted. I am led to believe that some of the military lodges, working under dispensation from our jurisdiction, have greatly abused their privileges and brought reproach upon our Order. Instead of confining their op(>rations to Illi- nois regiments and troops exclusively, as they should have done, they made Masons indiscriminately from soldiers and citizens of other states, with very little regard for the kind of material used. Wisconsin, Minne- sota, Iowa, and Missouri have especial cause to complain in that respect. Grand Masters of those jurisdictions called his attention to the fact that the military lodges were admitting members whose characters wholly disqualified them from becoming Masons. About that time the war ended and these lodges ceased to exist, "having done some good and much mischief." Grand Lodge adopted two resolutions regarding members made in military lodges: Resolved, That all Masons made in Military Lodges, under dispen- sations from this Grand Lodge, should upon tlie best evidence that can be procured of that fact, be acknowledged and received as such, and, if found worthy, should become members of subordinate Lodges where they reside, and be advanced if incomplete. That our sister Grand Lodges are fratcmallj' requested to take into their charge such Masons within their jurisdiction as have been made under these dispensations, and if found worthy, incorporate them into the Fraternity where they reside. The experience of Union Military Lodge was reported in tlie Ma- sonic Trowel on June 17, 1863: Quarterly report of Union Military Lodge with 81st regiment. Our Masonic book with everything taken on expedition to Baldwin, Miss. lune 10th was captured. Records had been left with the books of Co. I, and they are, therefore, gone with them. 168 Freemasonry in Illinois Then follows a list of seventeen names made from memory. In 1916 the Grand Master received some applications for dispensa- tions for military lodges but all were refused. In 1862 Barrington Lodge No. 370 returned its charter because they were unable to hold meetings in consequence of enlistment of members in the army. While the military lodges came in for severe criticism it is well to mention something in their favor. Asboth Military Chapter was es- tablished at Columbus, Kentucky in connection with Halleck Military Lodge. What applies to one equally applies to the other. On October 24, 1863 the Grand High Priest, Hiram W. Hubbard visited Columbus to ascertain its condition. His report reads: I went there strongly prejudiced against Military Lodges or Chap- ters; made the acquaintance of officers and members, examined their work and assisted in conferring degrees; and from the short acquaint- ance and general conduct of its members, the frequent rejection of pe- titions, I was forced to the conclusion that the interest and prosperity of the Royal Craft could be promoted in the armies of our country, as well as in our peaceful and quiet retreats at home. Most of their mem- bers are officers in the army and navy, some high in rank — and where, I ask, could they better spend their lesiure hours ( surrounded as they are, with the vices and allurements which a soldier's life is heir to) than in that sacred retreat where there is not heard the sound of axe, hammer, or any tool of iron? Their hands are ever open; to them no worthy brother need apply in vain; they have fed the hungry, clothed the naked, and bound up the wounds of the afilicted; they have perfonned the last sad office of laying in the grave the remains of some of those dear ones who were bravely fighting for our glorious stars and stripes, and the sprig of acacia marks their last resting place. In July, 1872 the Grand Master reported: I received from our representative near the Grand Lodge of the District of Columbia, M.W. Bro. Charles F. Stanbury, a package of papers, being the records of "Jusice Military Lodge" 66th Regiment, Illinois Volunteers. Said Lodge worked under a dispensation from this juris- diction issued by M.W. F. M. Blair. These papers fell into the hands of Bro. Stanbury by mere accident. He immediately forwarded them to me, and remarked in his letter that the records may be of great value in determining the history of some of the brethren made therein. The only reports of any of these lodges were made by the follow- ing: Governor Yates Military Lodge: initiated 46; passed 42; rejected 7; died 2. Wallace Military Lodge: initiated 16; passed 8; rejected 2; died 1. Metamora Military Lodge: initiated 8; passed 1; raised 1. Military Lodges 169 Halleck Military Lodge was reported above. The names of fifty-four members of this lodge are contained in the record of Asboth Military Chapter. At the beginning of the war of 1917-18 the Grand Master was asked by several members for dispensations to form lodges in the military forces; some to act as regular lodges and perform all the functions of a lodge while others merely were to have special authority to meet so- cially and confer degrees when lodges requested such action. After consultation with Grand Masters in other jurisdictions the Grand Master decided the best way to handle such situations was to have members organize Masonic clubs for social purposes only. No dispen- sations were granted, the experience of the Civil War lodges having caused so much trouble by lodges exceeding their authority over petitions from other states. Chapter 19 PEACE CELEBRATIONS With the close of the Civil War there was general rejoicing over the cessation of hostilities. Grand Master Bromwell, in his address to the Grand Lodge in 1866, said: As the voice of harmony comes to us from every jurisdiction, while in our own a signal degree of concord has taken the place of former di- visions and disturbances, I venture to suggest, respectfully, but earnestly, to this Grand Lodge that a day of special celebration in honor of re- conciliation and harmony be proclaimed throughout this jurisdiction, to be observed by the Grand Lodge and all subordinate lodges — gathered together by districts according to convenience — Math appropriate cere- The Grand Lodge agreed to his recommendation, whereupon the Grand Master issued a proclamation setting aside St. John's Day, June 24, as the day for the celebrations, but this falling on Sunday caused the celebrations to be on the twenty-third. Many large celebrations were held where hundreds of Masons gathered at some central point for a day of good cheer and festivities. A long list of towns where such celebrations were held is recorded. Inspired by the success of these meetings Grand Master Gorin, the next year, called for similar St. John's Day celebrations; several were held but there was not as much interest as in the year before. Perhaps the largest was at Ottawa where the home of every Mason and many store buildings were decorated with some Masonic emblem made of evergreen. At one comer of the public square was a broken column with a young girl standing before it; behind her was an aged man counting her hair. An abundance of food had been prepared and more than a thousand ate at the Masonic hall while other hundreds were entertained at private homes. In the afternoon there was a band concert and speaking; at night, a ball. The end of the war brought prosperity in another way. That year tlie Grand Master issued dispensations for forty-eight new lodges. 170 Chapter 20 GENERAL U. S. GRANT AND MASONRY It will be noted that the General was prepared to receive the three degrees in one night from Halleck Military Lodge at Columbus, Ken- tucky but was prevented by military orders. Here is the account of his attempt to join at Galena as written by Jolin C. Smith, Past Grand Master, a resident of Galena at the time. In July 1865, the writer, who had also been absent from home, re- turned from the military service to Galena, and in August of the same year General Grant was publicly received by the citizens of Galena on his return home "by reason of the close of the war." Following this, and but a few days later. General Grant and a few friends went by steamer to Dubuque, Iowa, where the General was warmly welcomed by the citizens. On that excursion Jesse R. Grant and the writer were of the company. During much of the time going and returning, "Uncle Jesse" and myself were together, and the conversation was of the Gen- eral and Freemasonry. It was then that tlie General's father told me that he would like his son to become a member of the craft, and said "General Smith, I wish that you would present a petition for initiation into your lodge to Ulysses, for I know that he would like to become a mason." To this I said: "Uncle Jesse, I would not like to present a petition to the General, but I will get one and you can give to him, as he will take it more kindly from his father than he would from me." The father re- plied: "I don't think it would be right in me to do so, as I am his father. I would rather > ou should present it, as I know that he would like to become a member of your lodge." Such in substance, was the con- versation between us on the excursion to Dubuque, Iowa, in the autumn of 1865. This matter was the subject of conversation between the Gen- eral's father, his brother Orville and myself, at subsequent times. Galena Commandery No. 40, Knights Templar, was instituted in 1871, with the writer as eminent Commander, General Grant, President of the United States, being then at home. At 9 o'clock p.m. a recess was taken, and by appointment with the writer, President Grant received the Sir Knights, who were fully unifomied, at the house of Mr. L. S. Felt, whose guest he then was. A pleasant hour was spent in conversation with General Grant, after which the Sir Knights returned to their asylum. At that reception the subject of masonry and the General's favorable opinion of it was spoken of, and it was then agreed that at the first favor- able opportunity the General would sign a petition for initiation, and, if 171 172 Freemasonry in Illinois accepted, would become a member of Miners' Lodge No. 273, of which the writer was then the Master. During the pohtical contest for the President's re-election (1872) the General visited his home, in Galena, and the subject was again mentioned. At this time I had a conversation with Brother James A. Hawley (M.W. Grand Master) and informed him of General Grant's intention to petition my Lodge and that for reasons not necessary to men- tion I would like to have the Grand Master visit my Lodge at such time as I should name and exercise his prerogative of "making a Mason at sight" — that is, without his being subject to a ballot, M.W. Bro. Haw- ley said it would give him pleasure to do so. Brothers Dr. N. F. Prentice, Robert Little, Loyal L. Munn and others, of Freeport; Dr. Gen- eral Fred W. Byers of Lena, and other brethren along the line of the Illinois Central Railway, having expressed a desire to be present on such an occasion, and having learned that I could have a special train at any time on a few hovirs' notice to run from Dixon (the home of Grand Master Hawley) to Galena, I felt fully provided for the event. When the General next visited his home, preparations were made, when some affairs of state recalled him to Washington earlier than anticipated and there the matter dropped. My own ill-health and subsequent removal from Galena to Chicago, prevented my ever making any further effort to bring about the accom- plishment of the most ardent wish or desire of "Uncle Jesse" R. Grant, the father of the General. Chapter 21 EDUCATION Education of Children A resolution was adopted in 1844: Resolved, That we esteem the "Masonic College of Missouri," re- cently established in Monroe, County, Missouri, by the Grand Lodge of that State, an institution worthy of our highest regard, and claiming our deep interest and solicitude for its success. Resolved, That we recommend the attention of every brother of the Fraternity, and of the friends of education generally to the facility which the institution affords for the acquisition of a thorough education. Resolved, That a committee of three be appointed by this Grand Lodge to ascertain whether beneficiaries will be received into the institu- tion from this State, and also to recommend what further action, if any, shall be taken by the Grand Lodge of this State for the purpose of advancing the cause and facilitating the means of acquiring an edu- cation, and that said committee make their report to this Grand Lodge at the next Grand Annual Communication. The delegate to the Grand Lodge of Missouri reported in 1847: In compliance with your appointment hereto annexed, I attended the M.W. Grand Lodge of Missouri, held in St. Louis, on the 16th of March last, and as your proxy, in writing presented a request that said Grand Lodge should make such propositions, through me, to the Grand Lodge of Illinois, as they should deem proper, relative to the Grand Lodge of Illinois, acquiring by purchase an interest in the Masonic College of Missouri, and also requesting any communication said Grand Lodge might see fit to make on the subject of education. Shortly after presenting my communication, I deemed it proper to withdraw the same until the question, then pending, of the final location of said college, should be disposed of, fearing that an influence might be produced on that question not intended on my part. The Grand Lodge located the college at Lexington. From 1844 to 1847 the college was located at Philadelphia, Mis- souri, which is near Hannibal and convenient for Illinois students. With the removal to Lexington, which is in the western part of the 173 174 Freemasonry in Illinois State, the location of the school for Illinois students was not so con- venient. After withdrawing the first communication another was presented in which he said: The Grand Lodge of Illinois and the fraternity desire to co-operate with their brethren of Missouri, in any practicable measures consistent with the spirit of Masonry, and tending to the public good. He there- fore requests such action as your Grand Lodge deems proper to take, on the subject of establishing a Masonic and Educational Journal, jointly by the Grand Lodges of Missouri and Illinois. He also suggests, that should your Most Worshipful Grand Lodge see fit to contribute by way of subscription to such journal, the Grand Lodge of Illinois, would in his opinion, provide means to establish the same at her next annual communication. He therefore takes the liberty of presenting the following resolution for such action as your M.W. Grand Lodge may take on the same, at the same time requesting any other action of your Most Worshipful Grand Lodge may feel disposed to take, relating to the subject matter of said resolution, or the subject of education. Resolved, That should the Grand Lodge of Illinois appropriate the sum of one thousand dollars in money, to the establishment and support of a weekly, monthly or semi-monthly Masonic and educational journal, which shall be free to Masonic intelligence from the Grand Lodge of Missouri and the brethren, members of the several lodges in Missouri, and which shall be located and published at some point on the Missis- sippi River, in the State of Illinois, and which shall be devoted 1st, to Masonic intelligence; 2nd, to information and communications concern- ing the Masonic College of Missouri; 3rd, to general intelligence and literature; and 4thly, and principally, to the subject of common schools and common school education, and to the dissemination of intelligence, knowledge and information, the tendency and object of which shall be the establishment of an unifomi and permanent system of common school education in the Western States by the people and several State Governments thereof; said journal to be issued at a price not exceeding $2 per annum; that in such case the Grand Lodge of Missouri will take copies of the same for one year; half of the said subscription the said Grand Lodge will pay to the order of the Grand Lodge of Illinois, on the appearance of the first number of said journal, and the balance in six months thereafter; said copies to be subject to the order of the Grand Lodge of Missouri, and to be distributed, sent, and disposed of in such manner as said Grand Lodge of Missouri shall direct. 1848. The committee was discharged and a new committee ap- pointed to report a plan for three schools, one to be located at the place of holding the Supreme Courts of the State in each grand division, or Education 175 some other more suitable places; said plan to be prepared with reference to economy and the greatest amount of usefulness, and the teaching of such elementar}' branches only as are necessary to an English educa- tion. This committee reported at great length, the saHent points were: A high school or college education would be uncalled for, but that a good academy would be all that is necessary. The committee then recommended that the grand lodge purchase a farm situated at some point con- tiguous to its place of meeting, containing not less than 150 nor more than 200 acres, the cost of which will be from $2,000 to $2,500 with good dwellings. Begin by having one large family house for the re- ception of family boarders. Employ a respectable man with family, to take charge of the entire concern and act as steward. Let it be his business to direct the management so that it shall sustain the school. Begin with a plain school house, sufficient to accommodate fifty scholars which will cost three to five hundred dollars. Employ at first a young man as teacher, who will board in the family and take charge of the school, who can be engaged at a salar>' of $300 per annum, including his board. The school to be at first devoted entirely to English studies. For commencing an establishment of this kind an outlay of $2,500 will be necessary at the beginning. The yearly expense will be as follows: For Steward and family $400. For teacher 300. For family stores 500. For stationery etc. 100. Showing an expenditure of $1,300. Against this it is fair to conclude that there may be realized as follows: Say hay produced on fifty acres of ground, 100 tons, which in case the establishment is properly located will be worth $4 per ton. $400. For fruit produced on premises 100. For paying students 300. $800. From which deduct expenses for field labor, &c., one man the entire year, and another six months in the year $225. $575. Which, against the annual expenses of $1,300, leaves $725 to be raised by the Grand Lodge, 176 Freemasonry in Illinois Your committee are persuaded that a school estabhshed on this plan, and properly conducted, would in a few years support itself. Your committee would further recommend that a Female School be opened at a place to be designated by the Grand Lodge. Employ an efficient instructress, either the wife or daughter of a Master Mason; and let this, as the other, be opened for the reception of destitute orphan children of deceased Master Masons and of such others as may patronize it. A suitable building has already been gratui- tously offered, which will provide for its immediate organization; but in case the Grand Lodge should deem it preferable to build, the ex- pense would not exceed five hundred dollars. The annual expenditure of this school would be about as follows. For salary of instructress $300. For fuel 25. For stationery 50. $375. Against this we may calculate a regular income of from paying scholars of $200. Leaving to be defrayed by the Grand Lodge $175. Your committee doubt not that an institution of this kind would be instrumental of much good in providing for the education of many, having just claims upon the Craft, who would otherwise pine in de- grading ignorance. 1850 brought forth another proposition for a school. Macomb Lodge No. 17 sent a resolution to the Grand Lodge: Resolved, That if the Grand Lodge of the State of Illinois at the next annual communication shall determine to establish an institution of learning in this State, and the institution is a college, then and in that case, Macomb Lodge will donate to said Grand Lodge, the College Building and grounds known as "McDonough College," on the conditions and terms proposed in the annexed printed circular. The college was a two-story brick house, sixty feet in length and forty in width, located on four acres of ground on a high eminence near the town of Macomb. If the offer were accepted the lodge agreed to repair the building in a substantial manner and without delay. Franklin Lodge No. 25 at Alton had a different idea. That lodge had been running a school for their own children and believed that every lodge should adopt the same plan. We have an excellent school room in the first story of our Masonic Hall; finished oflF, and furnished in superior style, and is capable of accommodating nearly one hundred students, and in it we have had, for the last year a most flourishing female school, where has been taught all the requisite branches of a female English education. Education 1T7 We contemplate ere long, establishing a male school of the same order, and upon the same principles. Piasa Lodge No. 27 concurred in the report and joined with Frank- hn Lodge in the communication to the Grand Lodge. These com- munications appear to have settled the question of Grand Lodge par- ticipating in educational matters. The Committee on Education re- ported : That, in their opinion, it is inexpedient and impolitic in an emi- nent degree, for the Grand Lodge of Illinois, at this time, to hold, establish, endow, or support, any distinctive and specific literary insti- tution whatever — that to do so, would in a great measure, prevent the amiable object intended; and cannot be otherwise, than an unequal and inefficient distribution of the munificence of your most worshipful body. However the question came up again in a communication from the Grand Chapter R.A.M. in 1852. The Most Excellent Grand Chapter of Royal Arch Masons of the State of Illinois, at its late Annual Convocation, held at Jacksonville, ap- pointed Comps. M. J. Noyes; Wm. H. Turner and A. W. Blakesley a Committee on Education, and directed me, on behalf of said Grand Chapter, to request your Most Worshipful Body to appoint a suitable Committee to confer with the above named Brethren, with authority to mature and report some plan to raise an Educational Fund for the benefit of children of deceased and indigent Masons; and, in obedience to that order, I now most respectfully make that request, and would urge that one of the great ends and aims of Masonic Charity may be earnestly and zealously entered upon by your Grand Lodge. The next year the committee reported being greatly interested in the welfare of the children but placed the responsibility of their ed- ucation upon the individual lodges and hoped that each would take necessary steps to provide for the children in its own vicinity. This ended the educational questions until the Grand Lodge took over the Childrens' Home at La Grange, where, after a contest tlirough to the Supreme Court, the children were declared residents of the city of La Grange and entitled to admission to the city schools. The decision of the Supreme Court will be found on page 144, Grand Lodge Proceedings, 1916. Education of Members The Grand Lodge early recognized the need of education for the membership 178 Freemasonry in Illinois In 1843: — Resolved, That the Grand Secretary be instructed to purchase a Library of ancient authority, for the use of the R.W. Grand Lodge. This was done and additions were made from time to time. In 1852 — Resolved, That the sum of $30 be appropriated, to be used by the Grand Master and Grand Secretary in the purchase of standard Masonic v^'orks, for the use of the Grand Master and Com- mittee on Masonic Jurisprudence, and to fonn the commencement of a hbrary. Resolved, That the Grand Secretary be authorized to subscribe for three copies of Moore's Magazine, of Boston, three copies of the Signet and three of the Mirror and Keystone, for the use of the Grand Master, Grand Secretary and Chairman of tlie Committee on Foreign Corre- spondence. In 1856 the Hbrary had increased until it became necessary to have a Hbrarian to look after it. That year it was Resolved, That a Librarian for this Grand Lodge shall be appointed annually by the Grand Master, whose duty it shall be to have charge of the Grand Lodge Library, and who shall have the library at each and every session of the Grand Lodge for the use of the same. The next year the library committee suggested the Masonic Ashlar as a suitable magazine for the patronage of the brethren, and an effi- cient auxiliary for the diffusion of Masonic knowledge. This paper was published in Chicago. Because the library was kept in the office of the Grand Secretary it was found more convenient to have that officer assume the duties of librarian. In 1859 the Grand Secretary valued the library at $752. In 1855 Grand Lodge voted to purchase the Universal Masonic Library published by Robert MoiTis of Kentucky, consisting of thirty volumes. Two sets were ordered and it was recommended that every lodge purchase a set. The library was continued for several years but gradually it was neglected and the fire in the Grand Secretary's office damaged it. On October 26, 1868, Grand Master Reynolds did, upon the recom- mendation of Oriental Lodge No. 33, Garden City No. 141, Waubansia No. 160, Germania No. 182, Wilham B. Warren No. 209, Ashlar No. 308, Dearborn No. 310 and Blair No. 303, issue a dispensation, without fee, to W. Bro. George W. Pettee, P.M. of W. B. Warren Lodge as W.M.; R.W. Gil W. Barnard P.M. of Garden City; as S.W. R.W. D. A. Education 179 Cashman, P.M. Thomas J. Turner as J.W. and to thirty other Worshipful brethren, Masters and Past Masters of various Lodges in Chicago, to form and open a Masters Lodge by the name of Masters, with author- ity to hold Lodges of Instruction, to deliberate on landmarks, laws, usages, ceremonies, etiquette and amenities; to confer the secrets of the Chair upon Masters-elect; to confer degrees for Lodges at request, and to elect Past Masters and Worshipful Masters to membership. Again on July 26th he granted a similar dispensation to M.W. Brother William Lavely, Past Grand Master as W.M.; R.W. Bro. Charles Fisher, Past Deputy Grand Master, as S.W.; R.W. Orlin H. Miner, Grand Secretary, as J.W., and to fourteen other Worshipful Brethren, Masters and Past Masters of Lodges in Springfield, for a Past Master's Lodge, with powers and restrictions similar to those in the case of Master's Lodge. There is no further information about these attempts to start what today are known as research lodges. At times Grand Masters called attention to the need of educating brethren but nothing definite was done until 1948 when Grand Master Mills recommended the appointment of a committee to explore the possibilities of a definite plan of education of those who are not inter- ested in the routine ritual and business transactions. In 1949 that committee made several recommendations. One was the publication of "The Enlightener," others were pamphlets of various kinds calling attention to history, charities of the Grand Lodge, and many other important activities, such as study clubs, and that each lodge should establish a library for the use of the members. It called attention to the library started by the committee and housed in the Evanston Masonic Temple with books to loan and sell. The com- mittee presented a very ambitious program which, if it can be carried out will prove of great benefit to the rank and file of the craft. However, the value of the study clubs will depend entirely upon the ability of the instructors. An active, well informed instructor can conduct a successful club but one who is indifferent and has only average infor- mation will not hold his club very long. The only thing that can be done at present is to wait for the future results. Chapter 22 REGALIA AND PARAPHERNALIA In 1844, when money was available the Grand Lodge authorized the purchase of a set of jewels and collars for the Grand Officers at a cost of not to exceed $100. In 1846 it was Ordered, That a tin case be procured for the Master's carpet, re- cently presented to the Grand Lodge. In 1856 the Grand Stewards were ordered to purchase six appropriate aprons, collars and jewels for the use of the Past Grand Masters. To improve the appearance of the Grand Lodge and make its deliberations more impressive the Grand Masters of 1866 and 1867 recommended: That all Masters, Wardens and their proxies, be ordered to appear in Grand Lodge wearing the respective jewels of their office. To repair some of the damage done by the ravages of the war, in 1867 Grand Master Gorin reported: In the early part of last winter I was informed by a Brother that a certain jeweller was in possession of a very valuable gold Masonic jewel, purchased by him of a soldier who became possessed of it while on duty in the South. This jewel is evidently a relic highly prized by the rightful owners. It was presented to R.W. Charles Jones Colcott by the R.W. Grand Lodge of South Carolina, as appears from the in- scription on one side of it. In behalf of the Grand Lodge of Illinois I purchased it at the price demanded by the possessor, $53.75, and im- mediately wrote to Bro. Mackey, giving him a full description of it, asking him to take some pains to ascertain if any of the family of the distinguished brother to whom it was presented were living, in order that I might return it to them. Bro. Mackey failing to reply a letter was di- rected to the office of the Grand Secretary of the Grand Lodge of South Carolina. He being absent the brother in charge of the office promptly replied saying, that the family of Bro. Colcott resided in Charleston. After procuring a photograph of the jewel, I sent it by express to the Grand Secretary. 180 Regalia and Paraphernalia 181 In 1873 when Brother Cregier retired from the ofiBce of Grand Master he was presented with a soHd gold, diamond studded jewel valued at $1,000. An account of this jewel appears in another chapter. In 1875 a resolution was adopted That the committee on Installation service be instructed to report to this Grand Lodge a suitable fomi of Masonic regalia and jewel for District Deputy Grand Masters. However, there is nothing to show that these instructions were carried out in regard to purchasing the jewels. In 1886 Past Grand Master Buck was unable to leave his home to attend Grand Lodge. He was the only Grand Master to serve three terms and was a very powerful member of the Grand Lodge. In recog- nition of his services and his inability to attend it was voted to present him with a Past Grand Master's jewel. He did not enjoy it because he passed away one week after the beginning of the session. In 1896 the Grand Representative of the Grand Lodge near the Grand Lodge of Arizona presented the Grand Lodge with a gavel. The handle was of Arizona ironwood and the head of onyx stone. The Grand Master and Grand Treasurer were requested to procure a new regalia for the Grand Officers. The next year the Grand Officers appeared in new aprons and jewels. There were twenty jewels with hangers and an equal number of aprons. In 1900 a resolution was adopted: Whereas, This Grand Lodge having established a chart setting forth the symbols of Masonry, and upon which are portrayed characters repre- sented in the ritual, attired in costumes and ornaments appropriate to their rank, therefore be it: Resolved, That such costumes and pharaphemalia as are symbolic of the dress of the characters represented in, and illustrative of the ritual, are appropriate in the exemplification of work, and are in accordance with the ancient traditions of the Craft. Another set of resolutions was presented in which the writer de- clared that the Grand Lodge had never adopted any such chart and asked that the chart mentioned be presented so that the particular robes and paraphernalia named be designated so that uniformity in the work would be had by all lodges. This was sent to the Board of Grand Examiners but those gentlemen declined to commit themselves. In 1909 a resolution to purchase jewels for all Past Grand Masters was adopted with a proviso that Brother Wright be given the sum of 182 Freemasonry in Illinois one hundred dollars in place of a jewel, he having purchased one at his own expense. The following year jewels were presented to twelve Past Grand Masters. Since that date every retiring Grand Master has received a jewel. Presentation of Setting Maul by R. T. Spencer October 8, 1896 M.W. Grand Master and brethren: During the past summer I had the pleasure of visiting some of the Masonic lodges in England, Ireland and Scotland, and at all of them was received in the most cordial manner. I was especially well pleased with my reception at Mother Kilwinning Lodge, situated at Kilwinning, Scotland. This lodge is unique in several particulars. It claims to be the oldest lodge in existence; it is the only constituent lodge in the world that has no number; and its presiding officer has the title of M.W. Grand Master. The lodge room is built within the precincts of the ruined abbey of Kilwinning which was erected in 1140, and which was the handiwork of a body of operative Masons, from whom are descended some of the speculative Masons who now form Mother Kilwinning Lodge. One of the officers kindly gave me this setting maul, an implement which in Scottish Lodges is used by the presiding officer instead of the common gavel. This maul is of historic interest. The oak of which it is made, grew centuries ago, upon the hills of sunny Spain. It formed part of one of the ships of the Spanish Annada, tliat ill-fated squadron which in 1588 sailed across the Bay of Biscay and up the English Channel for the purpose of attacking Great Britain. This ship was wrecked upon tlie coast and dashed to pieces, and its remains were afterwards used in part of the room of the lodge room of Mother Kilwinning. Two years ago, when their new hall was built, those ancient timbers were made into Masonic implements in order that they might be preserved as souvenirs of the oldest lodge room in tlie world. M.W. Grand Master, I take great pleasure in presenting you this maul for the use of the Grand Lodge of Illinois. The Most Worshipful Grand Master: R.W. Brother Spencer, I am sure this Grand Lodge is greatly in- debted to you, not only for the presentation of this handiwork and souvenir but for the valuable infomiation that you have given us con- cerning this matter, and on behalf of tlie Grand Lodge I accept tliis maul, and extend to you the thanks of this Grand Lodge for your thought- fulness in presenting it to us. Chapter 23 THE CHICAGO FIRE The Grand Lodge closed on October 5, 1871. The fire raged on October 8 and 9, night and day. Blackened and bleeding, helpless, panting, prone. On the charred fragments of her shattered throne, Lies she who stood but yesterday alone. The fire covered 2,100 acres and destroyed more than 17,000 build- ings, including principal stores, many private residences, 32 hotels, 41 churches, 10 theaters and halls, and all the national banks but one. The fire was of unusual character; it melted the hardest building, stone considered fireproof. Iron, glass, granite were fused into a mass as if they had been put through a blast-furnace. Huge stone and brick structures melted before the fierceness of the flames as a snow-flake melts and disappears in water, and almost as quickly. Six story build- ings took fire and disappeared in five minutes. The fire was accompanied by the fiercest tornado of wind ever known to blow here. A gale which blew a perfect tornado, and in which no vessel could have lived on the lake. In the yard of one of the largest implement factories was stacked some hundred tons of pig iron. This iron was 200 feet from any build- ing. Yet so great was the heat that this pile of iron melted and run, and is now in one large and nearly solid mass. The above noted quotations were taken from the "History of the Great Fire." Not only Chicago but 400 square miles in northern Wisconsin on the lake front and a large territory in eastern Michigan were destroyed at the same hour, 9:30 P.M., October 8. It is believed that the fire was caused by large amounts of inflammable gas from the tail of a comet. At the same time fire broke out in Iowa, Minnesota, Indiana and Illinois. Also on the Alleghenies, the Sierras of the Pacific Coast, and the Rocky Mountains and in the region of tlie Red River of the North. 183 184 Freemasonry in Illinois Fortunately Illinois had a Grand Master, Dewitt C. Cregier, wholly competent to look after the needs of the craft. His report for 1872 reads : Ere many of you had reached your homes, Chicago was overtaken by one of the most appalling calamities in the history of mankind. More than 2,000 acres were burned and nearly 100,000 people left homeless, including many hundreds of your brethren. It destroyed more than 20,000 buildings. The sufiFering on the part of the community owing to the well-nigh total destruction of the Water Works, was little less than that occasioned by the fire. The turmoil and confusion which ensued immediately subsequent to the fire, can be better imagined than described. Nearly all our brethren were more or less in distress, their families scattered, and their domestic and Masonic homes gone, nevertheless, within a few hours the brethren were engaged in the high and holy cause of charity. A few of them had something left, which they promptly shared with those less fortunate, and those Lodges that escaped the ravages of the fire, held meetings and appointed committees to relieve the distress in their immediate neighborhood. Thus passed the 9th, 10th and 11th of October. Tidings of the great calamity were flashed throughout the land, and the mighty current — without the aid of which, what untold suffering would have been the lot of our people — unlocked the hearts of true humanity and returned to vis laden with the glad tidings of the un- bounded charity and sympathy of a generous world. Soon a little band of faithful Masons formed themselves into a relief committee and secured a room in the West Masonic Temple. They applied to and received supplies from the Louisville ( Kentucky ) Relief Committee, and also from the General Relief and Aid Society. However, aid from these sources was needed but a short time, as the fraternity of our own State and elsewhere, sent an abundance of sup- plies and money to meet the demand. The Grand Master immediately appointed a Board of Relief, the members of which did valiant work and are entitled to have their names written upon the Roll of Honor. They were: H, F. HoLCOMB, Vice-President, W. M. Egan, Treasurer, Harry Dtjvall, Recording Secretary, Ed. J. Hill, Corresponding Secretary, James Morison, Superintendent. The Chicago Fire 185 The other members were: T. T. GuRNEY George R. McClellen D. J. Avery C. J. Franks John Feldcamp J. H. Miles E. Powell John Sutton D. H. Kilmore J. E. Church A. M. Thompson L. W. Congdon E. RUNAYNE The Grand Master said: Of this body I assumed tlie Presidency, and during eight months I was in daily attendance at the Rehef rooms, with some of the above named brethren. Receipts The total amount received in cash was $83,089.06 The value of goods donated was 7,545.44 Total $90,634.50 These contributions came from eight Grand Lodges $16,385.25 696 lodges 58,772.74 One Grand Council R. & S. M 200.00 Two councils 118.75 36 Chapters R.A.M 1,086.00 Craft of 28 cities 9,436.68 Two chapters O.E.S 289.60 One Masonic quartette club 25.00 33 individuals 1,778.30 Ten parties unknown 422.58 R. R. Companies, transportation 2,035.85 * $90,550.75 Disbursements For relief of brethren and their families $35,502.04 Divided among city lodges 25,412.00 For establishment of permanent Board of Relief 6,500.00 Returned to lodges which sent more than one donation. . . . 2,205.89 " There is a mistake in the Grand Lodge report. 186 Freemasonry in Illinois Returned to Grand Charity Fund of those jurisdictions which sent $400 and upwards 18,109.64 Returned to lodges which donated $400 and upwards 1,510.36 Reserved for printing report and expense incident to mail- ing and auditing commissions 1,394.57 $90,634.50 Eighteen lodges were burned out; each was allowed $6 to $12 per their membership list. Thirteen were not burned out, these received half the amount given the others. These donations were conditional on each lodge creating a Charity Fund, This requirement was complied with in every instance. Among the donors outside of the United States was the Grand Lodge of England and the brethren of British India, Panama, Quebec and Newfoundland. The contributions from Illinois bodies were: 222 lodges. Craft of various cities 17, individuals 4, unknown 2, Royal Arch Chapters 3, In order that all the acts and proceedings connected with relief matters might be investigated and reported upon by gentlemen from abroad, entirely free from partiality, I, with the concurrence of my associates, invited Most Worshipful Samuel C, Perkins, Grand Master of Pennsylvania, Most Worshipful Charles F, Stanbury, Grand Master of District of Columbia and Most Worshipful Ozias P, Waters, Grand Master of Iowa, to visit Chicago, and act as a commission for that purpose, and after a thorough and critical investigation gave to the world their opinion of the justice and correctness of the important and delicate work. The commission made a long report and ended by saying: The undersigned find that a careful, exact and clear record has been kept of every transaction, that the money received and disbursed is ac- curately accounted for, and that the disbursements are supported by vouchers, which present, in minutest detail, the exact history of every charity bestowed, and allow every transaction to be reviewed in all its attendant circumstances. Every precaution which prudence could sug- gest has been taken to secure the faithful application of the fund to the beneficiaries for whom it was designed by the donors. It would be impossible to speak too highly of the character of the record which has been preserved of transactions so multifarious and minute, and the undersigned would do injustice to the impression made upon them by the examination, should they fail to express their un- The Chicago Fire 187 qualified approbation of the manner in which the Board have adminis- tered tlie trust confided to them by the Fraternity. Respectfully and Fraternally submitted Sam'l C. Perkins Grand Master of Penn. Chas. F. Stanbury Grand Master District of Columbia O. P. Waters Grand Master of Iowa. Chas. P. Kingston Secretary to G. M. of Penn. Grand Master Cregier said: During the trials and afflctions which the brethren of Chicago were destined to endure, owing to the great fire, I am happy to say that Ma- sonry in our midst has not been permitted to languish; next to their famihes and homes, the welfare of their Lodges held the ne.vt place in the hearts of the brethren. Many of the beautiful halls being destroyed, it was a matter of great difficulty to secure accommodations. Halls that escaped the rav- ages of the fire were freely tendered to the homeless Lodges. Some found shelter in the "West Nhisonic Temple," in rooms temporarily fitted for the purpose. The progress made during the past year in re-building Chicago, created in the minds of those who are cognizant of the magnitude and character a wonder and admiration, equalled only by the extent of the shock and amazement produced by its destruction. One year since you met in Metropolitan Hall, a few hours after adjournment so complete was the destruction tliat it was difficult to de- termine the spot whereon the building had stood. To-day its place is occupied by one of the finest structures in the city. Less than five months since a chaotic waste marked the area on which this magnificent build- ing is erected, in which we are today peniiitted to assemble through the fraternal kindness of its energetic and persevering owner, Bro. J. H. McVicker. Such is the story of the greatest calamity that ever befell the people of Illinois. On October 30, 1872, Dewitt C. Creiger, P.G.M., as proxy for the Grand Master, laid the cornerstone of the "Fire Monument" in the presence of a large number of Masons and citizens of Chicago. Chi- cago Commandery No. 19 acted as escort to the Grand Lodge. This monument was erected as a memorial of the whirlwind of fire that swept over the city the year before and was therefore of unusual in- terest to the citizens of Chicago. 188 Freemasonry in Illinois Upon retiring from oflBce Grand Master Cregier was presented with a jewel made of solid gold and studded with many diamonds. It was valued at $1,000 at the time. In his will he presented the jewel to the Grand Lodge and asked that it be worn by every Grand Master. In 1943 Grand Master Pierson had the jewel appraised and then in- sured it for $1,600. Another Grand Officer that received special mention for services during the fire was the Grand Tyler, when the Grand Lodge adopted the following: Resolved, That the thanks of this Grand Lodge be tendered to Bro. John P. Ferns, Grand Tyler, for preserving the jewels of this Grand Lodge, during the terrible conflagration immediately succeeding its last annual communication. Chapter 24 CORNERSTONES First Cornerstone in Illinois At the time Illinois was admitted as a State and for several years thereafter, Shawneetown was one of the most important points on the Ohio river. It was the most important place below Louisville. The Government maintained an army post there. It was the place where settlers from the Eastern States first came in contact with the soil of Illinois. Owing to the great need of adequate facilities to accomodate the river traflBc, the Government took over the water front and main street and laid a cobblestone pavement from the north-east corner of the town to the river, a distance of several blocks. This was known as the PUBLIC WORK. To commemorate the beginning of this important improvement the members of Equality Lodge No. 102, under the jurisdiction of the Grand Lodge of Kentucky, laid the cornerstone with Masonic cere- monies. Equality Lodge received its dispensation in 1836 and held the first meeting in the Court House, April 7, 1837. The first Master was Arnold B. Dake, a nephew of Benedict Arnold. The first known record of Brother Dake is as Junior Warden of Albion Lodge No. 9 in 1822. Later he was a member of Lawrence Lodge No. 34 at Shawneetown under the jurisdiction of Kentucky. He was a physician and died in Equality where his monument may still be seen. To make arrange- ments for the cornerstone laying the lodge was opened at Equality, on February 19, 1838, on the first degree, closed and then opened on the third degree in regular form; later it was called from labor to refresh- ment until Friday the twenty-third, to meet at Shawneetown at eight o'clock. On the twenty-third the lodge was called from refreshment to labor in the lodge room at Shawneetown and again "called oflF until tomorrow at 11 o'clock." The record of the meeting on the tsventy-fourth shows those present: A. B. Dake, Worshipful Master; A. W. Pool, Senior Warden; visiting Brother Calvin Gold, Junior Warden; W. J. Gatewood, Secre- 189 190 Freemasonry in Illinois tary; R. T. Hopper, Treasurer; William Burnett, Senior Deacon; I. D. Towles, Junior Deacon; visiting Brethren A. Kirkpatrick, John Marshall and Edward Savill, bearers of com, wine and oil; Brother J. Choisser and visiting Brother Anderson of Ohio, Stewards with black rods; Brethren Flanders, Towles and Hewitt, Master Masons, and Bennett, Entered Apprentice, Musicians; E. H. Gatewood, Marshall; White, bearer of Bible; Brother Fellowcrafts Lindsay and Geary; Brothers Entered Apprentices William Choisser, S. Scudder and John M. Burnett. After forming, the procession proceeded to the upper end of the Work, and there laid the cornerstone of the Public Work in due and ancient form, after which they repaired to the hotel of Mr. Wag- goner for the occasion. The lodge then proceeded to the lodge room in Shawneetown and was called from labor to refreshment, to meet at the lodge room in Equality on February 26. Tradition states that Brother Dake acted as proxy for the Grand Master of Kentucky but the records of that time are so incomplete that no record of such a dispensation can be found. A. B. Dak e was installed as Grand Marshal of the first Grand Lodge of Illinois, Jan- uary 1, 1827. Letters from the Librarian of Congress and Librarian of the War Department state that those offices contain nothing to show how or by whom the Public Work was constructed. The cornerstone was removed in the Eighties and placed in the lodge room of Warren Lodge No. 14 where it still reposes as an honored relic of the time when Shawneetown was one of the most important towns in the state. The stone is a rough Ashlar with one smooth face, on which is the following inscription: "C.S. laid by Equality Lodge No, 102, Feb. 21, 1838, A.L. 5838." (Note— the inscription reads February 21, while the record states February 24 as the date the ceremony was performed?) When this writer visited the Shawneetown lodge room some years ago the stone was safely ensconced behind the piano. In 1839 Equality lodge laid the cornerstone of the State Bank of Illinois at Shawneetown. The minutes do not contain an account of the ceremony. Cornerstone of the Water Works at Chicago Among the most prominent cornerstones laid by Grand Master Gorin was that of the Water Works Tower, March 25, 1867. The Water Works consisted of a crib which was sunk 76 feet below Cornerstone of Public,- Works in Sliaw ncetown in ISoS. Cornerstones 191 the level of the lake. The tunnel was five feet high and 2V8 miles long. The tower was 150 feet high, with power to force water to the tops of the highest buildings. The Grand Lodge was invited by the Board of Public Works to lay the cornerstone of the tower. Several lodges were present; the Grand Chapter under command of O. H. Miner and the Grand Council under M. D. Chamberlain were in the line of march. The escort con- sisted of Apollo and Chicago Commanderies under the command of Wiley M. Egan. The account written at the time said: Their magnificent dress and martial bearing made them the pride and admiration of every citizen of Chicago. The civic societies and mu- nicipal authorities were in the procession in full force, and several bands of music gave life to the ceremonies. The streets were hned with thou- sands of men, women and children, from the temple to the tunnel — one mile and a half. Dewitt C. Cregier introduced the Grand Master and the ceremonies were conducted according to ancient custom. In 1913 the attention of Grand Master Darrah was called to the fact that the old water tower was being rehabilited for preservation as one of the historical landmarks of the city and that the inscription on the cornerstone was almost obliterated. It was suggested that a bronze reproduction of the inscription on the stone be prepaied and set in the stone. The committee reported on June 30, 1913: A bronze tablet bearing the inscription "Laid by the Masonic Fra- ternity March 25, 1867, Jerome R. Gorin Most Worshipful Grand Master" was prepared and placed in position on the stone today. Be- hind the tablet a parchment was placed on which was engrossed the following: "To all Ancient, Free and Accepted Masons Greeting: "In the year A.D. 1912 the authorities of the city were seriously considering the question of destroying this water tower, a relic of early Chicago, because it had become useless in the system of waterworks and for the additional reason that the masonry was crumbling under the influence of the elements, when on the earnest appeal of the Chicago Historical Society the sum of twenty-five thousand dollars was voted by the City Council for the purpose of repairing it as one of the his- torical buildings of the city." Worshipful Brother Martin G. Seifert, Past Master of Constantia Lodge No. 783, was assigned as architect for the city to superintend the work, and he discovered the faint outlines of an inscription upon this stone showing that it had been laid by the Masonic fraternity. 192 Freemasonry in Illinois This fact was brought to the attention of Most Worshipful Grand Master Brother Delmar D. Darrah, by Right Worshipful Brother Wil- liam Arens, Past Master of Germania Lodge No. 181, and District Deputy for the German speaking lodges, with a recommendation that in view of the fact that the inscription had become nearly obliterated by the elements, a bronze tablet be prepared and inserted in the stone. The Grand Master referred the matter to Right Worshipful Brother Ralph H. Wheeler, Senior Grand Warden, who upon investigation concurred in the above recommendation. The bronze tablet was prepared and set in place on June 30, 1913 in the presence of a small number of members. The report to the Grand Master said: I would have arranged for a more auspicious occasion, but at the request of the architect for the city, Bro. Martin G. Seifert, all display was omitted, and simply a few of the prominent members of the craft were asked to be present to witness the setting of the tablet. Douglas Monument Cornerstone Laying 1866 BY Harmon G. Reynolds No such display of eminent abilities, worth, distinction, and force, has ever graced the proud metropolitan home, the Empire State of the Mississippi Valley, and the giant Northwest, like that which occurred at the laying of the cornerstone of the monument to the memory of the orator, magistrate, and Freemason— the most heroic and renowned statesman of the age— Stephen Arnold Douglas. If our space and the character of our journal would permit, we would give up all our columns as a tribute to the worth of our first Grand Orator, but we must content ourself with a brief outline of events, and the Masonic portion of the ceremonies. Large preparations were made and numerous invitations given. Andrew Johnson, President of the United States; W. H. Seward, Secre- tary of State; Gideon Welles, Secretary of the Navy; Governor Randall, Post Master General; Ulysses S. Grant, General; Admiral Farragut; Major General Meade; Major General Rosecrans; Henry L. Palmer, Grand Master of Templars; A. B. Alden, Grand Commander of Templars, Wisconsin; Salathiel Coffinberry, Grand Master of Michi- gan; M. L. Youngs, Grand Master of Wisconsin; Thomas J. Pickett, Past Grand Master; L. L. Munn, Grand High Priest of Illinois; D. H. Wright, Grand High Priest of Wisconsin; and O. H. Miner, Deputy Grand High Priest. Cornerstones 193 On the sixth of September, the Grand Lodge convened at the Mer- cantile Association Rooms, and was constituted as follows: H. P. H. Bromwell, Most Worshipful Grand Master; J. R. Gorin, Right Wor- shipful Deptuy Grand Master; N. W. Huntley, Right Worshipful Senior Grand Warden; Charles Fisher, Right Worshipful Junior Grand War- den; M. J. Noyes, Right Worshipful Grand Treasurer; H. G. Reynolds, Right Worshipful Grand Secretary; Rev. O. H. TiJBFany, Doctor of Divi- nity, Right Worshipful Grand Chaplain; Rev. W. M. Willis, Right Wor- shipful Grand Orator; Rev. A. Gross, Worshipful Grand Pursuivant; S. B. Dugger, Worshipful Grand Standard Bearer; M. D. Chamberlain, Worshipful Grand Sword Bearer; D. C. Cregier, Worshipful Grand Marshall; James Lowe, Worshipful Senior Grand Deacon; Rodney Ashley, Worshipful Junior Grand Deacon; John W. Burnett and Paul B. Ring, Grand Stewards; J. P. Ferns, Grand Tyler. Officers of the Day His Honor, Mayor Rice, President; Daniel A. Gage, Chief Marshal; General A. C. Ducat, Grand Marshal, Masonic Division; D. C. Cregier, Grand Marshal, Grand Lodge. The preparations, programmes and arrangements were most ample, and the Committee of Arrangements, C. R. Starkweather, Chairman, with the Chief Marshal and others, had taken every possible pains to have everything in complete order and harmony. About nine o'clock the procession began to form, the Masonic Fraternity forming the first division on the right. COMMANDERIES AND ChIEFS Henry C. Ranney, Grand Commander; Peoria, J. H. Thompson; Joliet, Edmund Wilcox; Sycamore, Daniel Dustin; Dixon, James A. Hawley; Crusader, Rockford, W. D. E. Andrus; Peru Masonic Band; Chicago, W. M. Egan; Michigan of Detroit, T. H. Armstrong, 73 Knights; Wisconsin of Milwaukee, A. V. H. Carpenter, 165 Knights; Janesville, Erastus Lewis, 30 Knights; embracing in all, 274, in full costume, and followed by the Garden City Band. At this point the Craft not appearing as Lodges were formed as follows: Worshipful Masters, Senior Wardens, Junior Wardens, Treas- urers, Secretaries, Senior Deacons, Junior Deacons, Tylers. Lodges and Masters Oriental No. 33, J. W. Clyde, Acting; Garden City No. 141, Ed- 194 Freemasonry in Illinois ward Addy; W. B. Warren No. 209, Ira S. Yoimglove; Blaney No. 271, D. C. Cregier; Blair No. 393, W. D. Stevens; Friendship No. 7, E. B. Baker, Acting; Monmouth No. 37, A. H. Swain; Occidental No. 40, W. S. Easton; Mt. Joliet No. 42, Uri Osgood; Unity No. 48, A. H. Barry; Lacon No. 61, O. J. Cutler; Euclid No. 65, J. J. Hunt; Rockton No. 74, D. Whitney; Vitruvius No. 81, M. Mitchell; Mitchell No. 85, S. M. Carter; Sycamore No. 134, F. Ellwood; Horicon No. 244, John Com- stock; Channahon No. 262, Thomas Willard; Jo Daviess No. 278, A. Bobbins; Forreston No. 413, T. J. Hewett. We have not the means at hand to say that all the above are actual Masters. Such as are not represented them. Then came the North- western Band. At this point came Elwood Commandery, of Springfield, A. J. Dunning, Commander, as escort of Springfield Lodge No. 4, John L. Davis, Master. This is the Lodge in which the lamented Douglas first joined the brethren of the Mystic Tie, having been raised in 1840. Borne at the head of this Lodge, which occupied the place of honor on account of its having numbered amongst its members that great brother, DOUGLAS, was a banner, plain and simple, of white, bound with blue, and inscribed on one side the words: Douglas raised in Springfield Lodge No." 4. And on the other the following appropriate and Masonic language, re- ferring to Douglas as a brother of the Craft, and as a man and a mem- ber of the great brotherhood of the world. He was our brother, the fearless leader, and the ornament of his age. After his labors were done he lay down to rest, fearing no evil; for he knew in whom he trusted and that he should rise up in the morning refreshed and approved. His virtues are enshrined in the hearts of his brethren; so let their praises illumine and become his perpetual memorial. This banner was prepared by Professor George F. Wright, guber- natorial artist, and the inscriptions were all designed by him. After Springfield Lodge followed the oldest and most numerous commandery in the west, Apollo No. 1 of Chicago, commanded by B. F. Patrick, assisted by V. L. Hurlbut, Grand Generalissimo, and Charles L. Brower, Captain General. This fine body of men acted as escort to the Grand Lodge. The remainder of the procession will be found described in the secular papers. Cornerstones 193 Arriving upon the ground, the platform over the base of the monu- ment and near the grave of the lamented Douglas, was occupied by the Presidential party, the Grand Lodge, the two sons and the sister of the immortal dead. The Grand Lodge ceremonies were as follows: After the President and invited guests had ascended the platform the ceremonies of the occasion were commenced. Some little time was occupied in the arrangement and disposition of the company, and when all was in readiness Mayor Rice proceeded to the front of the platform and said: Opening Remarks of Mayor Rice Your Excellency, Fellow-citizens of the United States of America. We have assembled here today to record our appreciation of the life and services of an able and faithful statesman. Under yon slight covering lies the dust of Stephen Arnold Douglas. That his burial place may be known to generations yet to come, we propose to mark the spot with an endearing mark of our remembrance and our affection; and that we may do so the State of Ilhnois, his adopted mother, hath opened her bosom and given forth the material of strength and beauty to aid us in this proper work. Here, on this spot, selected by himself for his home, will we raise a shaft that shall speak to future ages our gratitude and our remembrance of a Hfe devoted to the cause of our common country, and we will indulge the hope that each morning sun, for centuries yet to come, when it shall awaken to life and greatness, yon vast and beau- teous American sea, shall gild with his blessed beams the pile to be erected here, and cast a halo of protection around this spot made sacred by the dust of an American statesman. First, in the order of exercises to-day, will be the laying of the comer-stone, by the Order of Free and Accepted Masons, under the di- rection of the Grand Master of the State of Illinois. Remarks of the Grand Master The Grand Master, Bromwell, followed, with the following re- marks, during which the cornerstone was raised and held above the place: Fellow-citizens, Masters, Wardens and Brethren: Tlirough the great courtesy of the Association having charge of the erection of this struc- ture, we are assembled today, on their invitation to assist in laying the comer-stone according to our ancient ceremonies. This work we enter upon with cordial earnestness, not only as citi- zens desiring to honor the memory of one of the most distinguished statesmen of our country, but as brothers of that ancient craft whose Grand Masters have settled the foundations and set up the cap-stones, according to certain ancient and significent observances, of temples, pal- 196 Freemasonry in Illinois aces and monuments in all ages, in every land, though more especially as brothers of the Grand Lodge of lUinois, who have long been proud to preserve, in the rolls of the most distinguished names of our Fraternity, that of our illustrious late brother, Stephen A. Douglas, Past Grand Orator, and for many years until his death, a prominent and active member of our Grand Lodge, and companion of our Holy Royal Arch. But of his deeds and virtues I will not speak, for that grateful task and the high honor to represent the sentiments of regard for him which swell the hearts of these accumulated thousands, has been justly re- served for a distinguished orator of the state of his boyhood, whose eloquence will recall, in your presence, that ancient spirit which flamed upon your souls in the masterly oratory of our departed brother. Yet I will speak, so far as to acknowledge that this Fraternity have received this day from the orator of the occasion, a mark of courtesy for which I can make no adequate return, nor indeed any, except to assure him of the cordial remembrance of the 25,000 Masons in the State of Illinois. Now, may the enterprise and liberality of those who have under- taken this work be so crowned with success that this monument may rise to bear the chiseled form of DOUGLAS in the sight of voyagers, upon these great inland seas of the Northwest, as long as star-light and sun beam shall love to dance upon the crested billows. Ages and ages upon ages, may the patriot and statesman and lover of American institutions come on holy pilgrimage to the soil of lUinois marked, as it will be, by two such monuments to her distinguished sons as already the magnates of the Nation have twice done, to bow over the ashes of one who was once their Master. But as the ancient Graft faithfully teaches, that no important under- taking should be begun without first invoking the blessing of the Grand Archiect of the Universe and Lord of all; therefore, I request all of you now here assembled, to join with the Grand Lodge and the Grand Chaplain in humble invocation to the throne of Divine Grace. Brother Chaplain, perform your duty. Prayer by Grand Chaplain Almighty Father, we invoke Thy blessings upon us, and upon the people of our land. We give Thee heartfelt thanks for the good ex- ample of Thy servants who have finished their course, and do now rest from their labors; and for the ability Thou hast given us to labor to reproduce their good deeds. We place this comer-stone steadfast and sure on which to raise a monumental tribute to honor our illustrious brother. May the lesson of his life be read aright by us, and all those who shall come after us. May his virtues be held in future remembrance, and his noble deeds be imitated to the latest generation. May this column arise till, crowned with beauty, it shall record the honor and glory of a great life, and be the proud monument of an afi"ectionate and grateful people. May this work be completed without hurt or accident to any Cornerstones 197 person; and may all our lives be dedicated to Thee, and our abilities used for Thy glor>-, so that when all earthly things shall pass away, and these blocks of stone decay, our souls may dwell with Thee forever- more. Amen and amen. Response; So mote it be. Grand Chaplain; Amen. The Grand Master The right worshipful Grand Treasurer of the Grand Lodge will now proceed to deposit in the cavity in the cornerstone the coins and other mementoes there to be placed, first reading the list of articles to be deposited. The Grand Treasurer then read the hst of articles laid in the stone, embracing coins, speeches of DOUGLAS, public documents, etc. The Laying of the Stone The Grand Treasurer then placed in the stone the articles pre- pared for that purpose, and while the guns were fired from a vessel on the lake, and solemn strains of music were played by the band, the stone was lowered gradually into its place. The Grand Master was then presented with the working tools, when, handing the square to his deputy, he said: Brother Deputy Grand Master. You will apply the square to the stone, to see that the workmen have perfonned their duty. The Deputy Grand Master, after applying the square, responded: Most Worshipful Grand Ahister — I find the workmen have per- formed their duty. I have examined the stone and found it true and square. The Grand Master then said: Right Worshipful Grand Senior Warden — You will apply the imple- ment of your office to the stone, and see if it is true and level. After performing this service the Senior Warden replied: Most Worshipful Grand Master — I have applied the level to the stone and I find it true and level. The workmen have faithfully per- formed their duty. The Grand Master then said: Right Worshipful Junior Grand Warden: You will apply the plumb to the stone, and see if the workmen have performed their duty. Having proved the stone the Junior Warden replied: 198 Freemasonry in Illinois Most Worshipful Grand Master — I have applied the plumb to the stone and find it is true and plumb. The workmen have discharged their duty. The Deputy Grand Master then presented the Grand Master with the vessel of corn who scattered it upon the stone. The Senior Grand Warden tlien presented him with the cup of wine, which he poured upon the stone. The Junior Grand Warden then presented him with a vessel of oil, which he poured upon the stone saying: May the Grand Architect of the Universe bless the inhabitants of this place, and provide them with all the necessaries, comforts, and con- veniences of life, and all with the corn of nourishment, the wine of refreshment, and the oil of joy, and may He assist in the erection of this monument, and protect the workmen against accident, and long preserve this monument from decay. Amen. Response — So Mote it Be. The Grand Master — Amen. Conclusion of the Ceremony The Grand Master after striking the stone three times with his hiram, said: The Masonic ceremonies should here conclude with an appropriate ode, but that will be omitted. I beg leave, however, to congratulate those present, and particularly the Craft, upon the fact that no less a personage than the President of the United States, and many other distinguished heads of departments (the President himself being, as I am informed and believe, a member of the ancient Craft), have been present, honoring and participating in the ceremonies of this occasion. A beautiful prayer was then offered by Rev. W. H. Milburn, fol- lowed by an eloquent oration by Major General Dix, and remarks by President Johnson and Secretary Seward. The Grand Lodge and Tem- plars then retired to a large building near by, and partook of refresh- ments, furnished in abundance and good order by Apollo Command- ery. The Grand Lodge returned under their escort to tlie association rooms, when the following resolutions were adopted: Resolved, That the cordial thanks of this Grand Lodge be tendered to Bro. C. R. Starkweather and the Committee of Arrangements for the facilities and accommodations provided for the use of the Grand Lodge. Resolved, That the thanks of this Grand Lodge be tendered to Em. Sir. B. F. Patrick, and the Knights of Apollo Commandery No. 1, for their courtesy shown in performing escort duty and for the refresh- ment provided for our use. Cornerstones 199 After some eloquent remarks by Grand Master Coffinberry and Grand Master Pickett, the Grand Lodge closed. The number of Knights already enumerated with those of Apollo and Elwood Commanderies, exceeded five hundred, and were all in uniform. General Ducat estimates the whole number in the Masonic procession at upwards of 3,500. The number of people who witnessed the ceremonies must have numbered from 25,000 to 50,000. Cornerstone of the Railroad Bridge at Quincy, Illinois A most complete and interesting account of this unusual corner- stone was published in the Daily Quincy Herald. The oration delivered by Joseph Robbins on that occasion is so valuable and such a splendid exposition of the principles of Masonry that it has been thought wise to publish it in its entirety for the information and guidance of the craft in Illinois. The mention of this event is contained in one line in the proceed- ings. Daily Quincy Herald. Quincy, Illinois, September 26, 1867. RAILROAD BRIDGE! LAYING OF THE CORNER STONE IMPOSING CEREMONIES! Address of the Grand Orator. 2,500 People Present. Yesterday was a day long to be remembered by the Masonic fra- ternity of lUinois and Missouri, as well as by the citizens of Quincy. Earl>' in the morning delegations commenced pouring in from Lodges at Palmyra, Hannibal and towns along the line of the Hannibal and St. Joseph R. R. in Missouri, as well as from Chicago, Mt. Sterling, Mound Station, Galesburg, La Prairie, Augusta and towns along the lines of roads leading into Quincy, to witness the imposing ceremonies attendant upon laying the corner stone of the Railroad Bridge across the Mississippi at this place. The delegations from the different commanderies of Sir Knights were under the charge of Sir Knight W. E. Owen, and Sir Knight C. W. Mead, General Superintendent of the H. & St. Jo. R. R., officiating as Grand Marshal. The Sir Knights, numbering about 125, met at the Court House at 2 o'clock, and preceeded by the Quincy brass band and an excellent brass band from Hannibal, marched to the Masonic Hall, comer of 4tli and Hampshire Street, where they were joined by the Grand Lodge officers and members of the fraternity from home and abroad, to the number of about four hundred, making it one of the 200 Freemasonry in Illinois most imposing processions ever seen in our city, who were accompanied by our worthy city officials and invited guests, continued the hne of march down Hampshire Street to Front, then up Front Street to the foot of Maine, where the Bridge Company had, through its energetic General Agent, Capt. Flagg, placed at the disposal of the fraternity the ferry-boat Quincy, and the steamers Huron and Jesse. A short trip and all were landed safely at pier No. 5, of the bridge, already partially crowded with eager ones, who had preceeded us, making full 2,500 present in Mississippi mid-water, of which there were about 1000 Masons, to witness the ceremonies attendant upon the greatest work of the kind entered upon along this magnificent stream. At a quarter past three P.M., the vessels were made fast to the pier and the Sir Knights leading the way followed by the Master Masons, dis- embarked on the barge platforms already arranged, and the ceremonies commenced with a brief and beautiful address by Jerome R. Gorin, Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of the State of Illinois, and an im- pressive prayer from Grand Chaplain S. S. Hunting. Grand Treasiurer H. Dills, then came with the following articles to deposit as archives in the corner stone, prefacing the deposit with "by authority of the Most Worshipful Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of the State of Illinois, I, as Grand Treasurer deposit in this corner stone of the Quincy Railroad Bridge The city charter and ordinances of the city of Quincy, together with a list of the city officers for 1867; also the State officers for the same year. Coins of various denomination. Postal currency — a greenback and a national bank bill. A copy of each paper published in Quincy, as well as Langdon's "State Fair." By-laws of each Masonic Lodge in Quincy, and an inscription plate. During this impressive ceremony the immense audience remained hushed — silent — attentive, at the close of which the Sir Knights at bugle call repaired on board the steamer Quincy, followed by the Master Masons and visitors, and on board their respective boats steamed back again to shore, where the procession was again formed and marched to the depot of the C. B. & Q. Railroad, where Orator Sir Knight Joseph Robbins delivered the following address: Most Worshipful Grand Master, Brethren and Friends : — The occasion which calls us together to-day is one of no common interest. We meet here on the broad bosom of this beautiful river, to lay the foundation stone of a mighty structure, which is to supply a link in the iron chain that binds together the Atlantic and Pacific slopes of a conti- nent. — a structure that is to stand through all coming time, a monu- ment to the sagacity and enterprise of the capitalists of the country in opening a path through this great natural gateway to the mighty West, and giving outlet to the restless energy of a people who build cities in a day, and create an empire in a decade. Cornerstones 201 Almost within the memory of some now before me, the placid sur- face of this upper river was broken only by the canoe of the savage. To-day it is alive with the commerce of States whose unified influence can mould the policy of a nation. The pioneer who then saw here only an Indian village, whose wild- ness scarce broke the solitude of primeval Nature, sees now a beautiful city, alive with the busy hum of labor, and just awakening to the possibilities of an assured and magnificent future. The growing civilization of the far West, with its rapidly increas- ing wants, will tolerate no obstacle to increased facility of supply. This broad river which has so long been a barrier, must be so no longer, and this great structure creeps over it like some huge saurian insect, strik- ing its antennae of timber from the forest and stone from the quarry, deep into its hidden bed. The energies, aroused to intensity by the whirl and tumult of war, are turned into peaceful channels, and engineering skill, sharpened in the same school of destruction, now rears to Peace its most enduring monuments. It is altogether fit and proper that a society, whose ever\- inculca- tion is peace, should participate in the inauguration of this work, this giant stride in the progress of a people toward that facility of communi- cation which secures community of interest, the strongest bond of public tranquillity. It is an auspicious occasion that pennits the Grand Lodges of Illinois and Missouri to join hands in promoting the work which is to span the natural barrier between these two great States, and big with the promise of that coming hour when the whole people shall know in their hearts no dividing lines, remembering only that tlieirs is a common lot, a com- mon interest and a common destiny. The custom of laying foundation stones of public works with ap- propriate ceremonies is an ancient one and the performance of these ceremonies by the Grand Master of Masons is perhaps as ancient as the custom itself. It is therefore proper that we should recur briefly to the nature and design of this institution, venerable with antiquity, and hav- ing its ramifications in every quarter of the civilized world. Institutions grow. They are not made to order, but are slowly evolved out of the needs of humanity, and exist to conserve some tnith — some essential principle — to give it e.xpression and make it a vital force; and just in proportion to their power to meet these needs and con- serve these truths is their permanent existence insured. The highway that leads down to the Present out of the mist>- Past, is strewn with the crumbling debris of wliat were intended for perma- nent institutions by their founders, who had so carefully elaborated them to serve as receptacles for ideas. The error of their protectors was a fundamental one. They attempted to build that which could only grow. Man may build a city, but not a tree. He may plant the seed, and if it contains the living germ and falls in congenial soil, it will grow, taking and appropriating to its own uses from the surrounding earth and 202 Freemasonry in Illinois air, those elements which are essential to its development, but it is in vain that he chisels out the semblance of a tree and commands it to live. So if he possesses those qualities which together make up what we call inspiration — the perception to discern, and the prescience to grasp new truths or truth in new relations — he may found an institution that by the accretion of centuries may assure proportions of colossal grandeur, and encircle the earth with its influence, but it is in vain that he works out — though never so perfectly — the machinery of an institution which after all lacks the animating soul of principle. Having no vitality, it is smitten, even in its first inception, with the eflFacing fingers of decay. History abounds in illustration of the truth of this position. Out of the great central truth that God is, has grown up, as an expression of man's reverential adoration, the institution of the Church, and so long as there exists finite beings to adore an infinite God, so long will the Church — using the word in its large sense — endure. But men have often confounded their own theological dogmas with the essential verities of religion, and from the earliest ages to the present have been projecting institutions for the conservation of their particular opinions. Where are they to-day? Having their foundation in no essential truths, their wrecks lie stranded all along the shores of time. From the necessity of public peace and individual security, has grown up the institution of Government, and so long as man is an im- perfect being, governments must exist. But peculiar governmental forms have been established, whose founders have either lost sight of, or- made secondary to their own selfish purposes, the great primal purpose of all governments, the security of the individual; and these institutions have either disappeared through their inherent tendency to decay, or crumble and go down as in our own day in the blood and flame of Gettysburg and Sadowa. From the affectionate side of man's nature has grown up the Home; an institution comprehending all that we hold most dear, and whose name — whether it brings to us memories of joy or sorrow — is the sweetest word, save mother, that falls from the English tongue. This institution being the natural outgrowtli of that affection which binds togetlier kindred or congenial souls, must continue while love endures. But men have projected institutions which were to supercede this. All were to live in a community, with a community of purpose, for a com- mon good; and so practicable have these plans appeared that many earnest, wise and good men have been full of faith in their success. They were laid with great care, and all supposed sources of error and failure so carefully eliminated that success seemed inevitable. Perhaps there never was a more careful and systematical effort to build an insti- tution, nor a better illustration of the futility of such efforts. The system contained some of the elements of truth, and these are being conserved and made available in the co-operative associations of the present day, but all efforts to organize and erect socialism into a permanent institu- tion have utterly failed, and must ever fail so long as its plan ignores Cornerstones 203 the isolated home, founded as it is on the sanctity of the family relation, and that love which will tolerate no profanation of its Holy of Holies. Having seen that institutions can only exist as they involve some central truth, or answer some human need, let us turn to Masonry and ascertain if we may what warrant it has for existence. It is not my purpose to attempt to solve the question of the origin of Masonry, whether it is indeed a modification of the mysteries of the Ancient Greeks or Egyp- tians, or grew wholly out of the guilds or lodges of operative Masons which existed in Europe from the earlier centuries of our present era, down to a period long subsequent to the earliest written history of the order, but while it still continued to be both a Speculative Science and an Operative Art. We know that these builders whose magnificent archi- tecture is seen in those wonderful ministers of the middle ages, brought Masonry down to us substantially in its present fonn; but we can only say of its origin that it is lost in the obscurity of bygone centuries. That the institution has so long maintained its hold on human hearts, is of itself sufficient evidence that it somehow ministers to their wants and aspirations. What then are its peculiar features, and whence the vitality tliat has preserved it, enabling it to withstand alike the disintegrating in- fluences of time, the anathemas and persecutions of the Romish Church, llie prejudices of the ignorant, and the wiles of kingcraft and statecraft which have vainly souglit to use it for their own selfish ends? The answer is that Masonry is founded on essential truths, whence naturally flow that great moral lesson it inculcates, and that it recognizes and provides for that yeanling desire for human sympathy which is implanted in ever>' heart. The starting point — the Alpha of Masonry — is that God lives and governs the world, at once the Supreme Architect and Universal Father; that all mankind are his children, the objects of his love, and entitled to our consideration as members of the same great family. What wonder then, that in the long weary centuries through which mankind has struggled on toward the goal of a common equality, an institution of which was the central idea, should command the devotion of those who recognize the brotherhood of man as a truth, and felt it as one of the soul's primal needs. Masonry views man separated from his accidents. It looks through the trappings of wealth and luxury, the insignia of rank, and the humble garb of honest poverty, and sees beneath them all the man. Within its charmed circle all are equal. Whether coming from the cottage of the peasant or the palace of the prince, all leave at its portals their worldly distinctions, and meet upon the level of the checkered floor as men and brothers. The humblest and the proudest must travel the same paths to attain Masonic knowledge, are bound to the order and to each other by the same sacred ties, like the equal covenants of all are made in the presence of the same Almighty Father. From this perfect equality of all Masons we naturally deduce those duties which we owe to our fellow-men; all svunmed up in the injunction: "Do unto others, as you would that they should do unto you." At the very top of the Masonic ladder is placed charity or brotherly 204 Freemasonry in Illinois love. That charity which should lead us to seek a brother's welfare equally with our own; to be very tender of his reputation; to be ready to go out of our way to succor him if he be in need; to stretch forth our hands to support him if he be falling; to keep sacred in our own breasts those confidences which he gives us only because we are his brethren; and to whisper tenderly in his ear alone that counsel which his errors and the purpose of his reformation may require. It is the knowledge that a Mason will do all this — and more — for his brother, that hallows his memory in the hearts of his brethren, even when he dies among them a stranger, and they see him, perchance, for the first time as they gather about his newly-made grave. It casts also a halo of sanctity about his widow and orphans, and makes their future care the legacy of his survivors. As the greater includes the less, so this broad charity includes the lesser charity of alms-giving. Thus Masonry recognizes and teaches the claims of every human being upon our sympathies, but particularly those who have taken upon themselves the solemn vows of our order and added another to the ties which bind us together. It has been ob- jected that Masonic charity is exclusive. It is true only in the technical sense that its revenues as an institution are usually applied to Masonic uses within the order. But millions outside its pale may bless the order whose subtle sympathies have first roused the slumbering benevolence of the heart — made it sensitive to the cry of distress, and quick to re- spond, come from what quarter it may. Its own members can never compute the beneficent influence of Masonry in this direction. Still less can those who have never drawn from its fountain of inspiration, fully comprehend it. The sanctity of Truth is one of the essentials of Masonry; a ne- cessity growing out of the nature of the institution, and so indispensable that without it, it would be but a dead fonn, without vitality enough to preserve it from putrefaction. So carefully is this regard for truth incul- cated, and so universally accepted, that where two strangers meet and find each other to be Masons, each relies instinctively on the other's word. Each instinctively trusts to the influence of Masonry on the life of the other. Moreover, each brings to the other the recommendation that some lodge has, by admitting him to its privileges, unanimously en- dorsed him as a man of honor and veracity. Human equality. Charity, Truth, being fundamental principles whose influence on the hearts of men conduces to their highest good, and constituting as they do the very essence of Masonic ethics, we can partially discern what it is that gives it vitality, and comprehend its hold on the afl^ectionate devotion of so many of the great and good whose names shed lustre on the pages of its history. But not the least as an element of strength in Masonry is its mysti- cism. The incorporation of this feature into its body is a practical recog- nition of a metaphysical fact of which all are conscious: That a secret held between two or more persons is a bond of sympathy between them. It brings them nearer together by giving them a point of common in- Cornerstones 205 terest. This aim is apparent in the whole plan of Masonr>'. It seeks attrac- tions and not repulsions. It seeks unity and harmony, by carefully eliminating all causes of diversity and discord. It asks no man to yield his convictions of right, but does demand that he shall not attempt to make Masonry an engine of propagandism. When I speak of the secrecy of the institution, you will not misunderstand me. I allude simply to the forms, the rites, the ceremonial, the apporcta of our order, consti- tuting that universal language, spoken by ever>' tongue and kindred, which enables one brother to recognize another anywhere under the wide arch of Heaven. The grand aim and purpose — the principles of the order, are fully and freely declared. True its charities are not paraded before the world, for it is too tender of the feelings of the recipients of its bounty to add another to the stings of that misfortune which impels them to ask it. It does not give to be seen by men, but clings to the injunction of its own "Great Light," the Bible: "When thou givest alms, give them in secret; let not they right hand know what thy left hand doeth." Another reason why it seeks not the meretricious popularity which follows in the wake of trumpted charities, is that it would attract to its fold a class of minds whose affiliation would prove injurious. Mercenary conceptions are antagonistic to the whole genius of Masonry. The subtle, indefinable influence, the quick, apprehensive sympathy, engendered by the possession of a common secret which the world without knows not of, can never be fully appreciated by those who have not themselves felt its mystic power. It quickens the impulses of Charity; it softens the asperity of political warfare, and tones down the dogmatic acrimony of theological discussion; it mitigates the horrors of war, and prompts to deeds of truest chivalry. Hundreds of tombstones which mark the paths blazed by raging pesti- lence through crowded cities, are but monumental records of its self- sacrificing spirit. A year or two since, in a neighboring town, a Mason fell sick with small pox. Those about him fled in terror from the loathsome presence. A young man, a brother Mason, repaired to his bedside, watched tenderly over him, closed his eyes when Death had claimed his own, and followed him to the grave. A few days after he came to me suffering with the initial fever of the disease and asked me to take him to the pest house where he could remain until he could mingle with his friends with- out danger of communicating the infection. In answer to my (jucstions he told me how he had contracted the disease, remarking, that "the man was a Mason and he couldn't see him lie there and suffer without care." He made no ado about it, and yet it was a noble instance of self sacrificing devotion, requiring a steadier courage than which prompts a man to risk his life amid the excitement of battle, having none of the pomp and circumstance which casts its glamour over the career of the soldier. This young man's surroundings — the atmosphere of his daily life — had not been of an elevating character. More than likely he neg- 206 Freemasonry in Illinois lected the "mint, anise, and cummin" of the law, and perhaps would have been termed a reprobate by those who adhere rather to the letter which killeth, than to the Spirit which giveth life. But this compelling spirit of Masonry had taken root in his heart, and blossomed into deeds redolent of the sweet odors of Charity, and blessed in the sight of Heaven. The influence of this spirit — I might almost say this instinct of Brotherhood, in mitigating the horrors of war is attested by hundreds of well known instances, and thousands more are known only to those who were parties to them. It snatched Putnam from the torturing hands of his captors in the old French war. It more than once un-nerved the ann of the relentless Brandt, when he and his savage followers swept with fire and sword the lovely valley of Wyoming. It ministered to the necessities of our brave defenders who lan- guished in Southern prisons, snatching them from their living death, or, failing in that, smoothing the pathway that leads down the valley of the shadow, for many a brother who offered "The last libation that liberty draws. From the hearts that bleed and break in her cause." It was this spirit that sent the heroic Kane on his crusade against the elements, far up in the regions of eternal ice, in the vain attempt to rescue his brother, Sir John Franklin; a forlorn hope whose sad record shines on the page of history with a brilliancy paling the rays of the Aurora which beckoned him as the crowning chivalry of a century more prolific of noble deeds than any in the annals of recorded time. It is this spirit that makes it possible for Masonry to overcome the antipathies engendered by partisan, sectarian, and national jealousies, and brings men of every country, sect, and opinion, into one common fold. It knits men together as with hooks of steel, and bids them cling to their common mother through evil and through good report. Thus in the days of the Anti-Mason crusade, that anomaly of the century which lacked not the spirit, but only the power that lighted the fires of Smithfield, a persecution the bitterness of which you and I can scarcely conceive. Masonry still claimed the devoted allegiance of thousands of her children. They endured every form of obloquj', ostracism by society and church, and wanton destruction of their property by their insane opponents, yet conscious of their own rectitude, calmly and patiently waited for the dawning of that better day which was sure to follow the dreamy night. From all this I think I am justified in saying that the mysticism of our Institution is one of its strongest elements. I have endeavored to give you some idea — to enable you to apprehend, if you cannot fully understand its potency in developing that instinctive sympathy of Brotherhood — that Love which is the Key Stone of the Masonic Arch. I feel the difficulty of making myself inteUigible, because to be appreci- ated it must be experienced. But if you grasp the idea with sufficient clearness to comprehend, measurably, its vivifying power, you can see how it would vitalize an institution based on the principles I have enu- Cornerstones 207 merated; deeper in the hearts of its votaries that reverence for God, and order and law, which it inculcates; quicken and make real, hving im- pelHng forces, appearing in the Ufe — what would otherwise exist only as a sentiment in the heart — the doctrines of the equality of all of God's children; charity for all mankind and truth, sacred, immutable as the Almighty, whose attribute it is. These then are the great underlying principles, the central idea out of which the institution of Masonry has grown, which have preserved it intact, and made it a gigantic moral lever whose elevating and bene- ficent influence has been felt wherever civilization has given it a fulcrum. It has come down to us from out of the dark womb of the dim, receding past, crowned with the benedictions of the widows and orphans of buried centuries. It has witnessed the rise and fall of dynasties, na- tions, and peoples, and yet is to-day apparently in the full vigor of lusty youth! Whether it shall continue to exist, an aid and a solace to man in ages yet to come, is to be answered by Masons themselves. Already proved to be secure against all assaults from without, its principles eternal, it can only fall into decadence when its individual constituents shall have become hopelessly corrupt. Brethren, the future of Masonry is in our hands. Let us see to it that by no unfaithfulness of ours it is placed in jeopardy. I have alluded to the time scarce forty years since, when, close reefed. Masonry was beating up — holding her own, thank God! — against the storm of ad- versity. Now she has again struck the trade wind of prosperity, and with full canvas holds steadily on, wafted by favoring gales. Let us take heed: lest the sense of security lull the watch on deck into listless- ness, and ere we are aware of it, the cyclone burst upon us. "Remember now thy Creator while the evil days come not." Now, while all is peace, while the popularity of the Institution is attracting so many to our fold let us double the watch lest the evil days come again. So long as the great cardinal principles — the landmarks of Ma- sonry — are faithfully observed, the Institution is secure. It is these that have determined its form and development, and given it its stability, preserving it substantially unchanged through the sweep of centuries. To-day we lay the foundation for a mighty superstructure that we trust is to endure for ages. So these great fundamental principles which we hold sacred, are the broad, deep, immovable foundations on which the superstructure of our Order rests. Nay, more! They are at the same time its Supreme Law, which is above all constitutions and regulations, and against which the united voice of all the Grand Lodges of earth would be but an empty sound. And as against the massive pillars of this monument of engineering skill the waves of this great river shall not prevail, so against the landmarks of Masonry — in the future as in the past — the tide of passion and prejudice shall beat in vain. True, its flood has sometimes obscured them with its blinding spray, but its ebb has again revealed them, standing out clearer for the storm that has 208 Freemasonry in Illinois washed them free from their moss-grown coverings of error, and swept from their firm-set bases the burying sands of Time. They are inscribed now, as in the beginning, with God's holy name; fitly symbolize his immutable Truth and Love; and, as they are the common legacy of us all, remind us ever of that equality of all Masons which, next to Charity, is the crowning glory of our Order. Let us then, my Brothers, ever cherish these great principles as the brightest jewels in the crown of our Alma Mater, remembering ever, that in all our intercourse with each other and with our fellow men, we are to be guided by the plumb-line of Justice, and, that as we meet upon the level, so we should part upon the square. The procession was then re-fonned, and after marching through the principal streets repaired to the Lodge Room, where the Sir Knights adjourned to the Tremont House to partake of a grand banquet. We regret our limited space this morning is inadequate for a full description of one of not only the most impressive ceremonies of this undertaking, but of importance to the Masonic fraternity. Without an accident and with universal kindly feeling the day passed. State House Cornerstone BY Harmon G. Reynolds At an early hour the city was full. The Grand Lodge convened and opened at the State House, the Templars at Elwood Hall, and the Craft in general at the Masonic Hall. Chicago Commandery was re- ceived and entertained by Elwood Commandery, and the Ellsworth Zouaves of Chicago by the Springfield Zouaves, at their respective halls. At twelve o'clock the procession began to form, consisting of the Grand Lodge about four hundred strong, and the Grand Chapter under the charge of Wiley M. Egan, Grand Marshal. The escort duty was performed by Chicago and Elwood Com- manderies, with delegations from several others. Their beautiful cos- tumes elicited universal admiration, and they were full two hundred in number. The Master Masons formed with Springfield Lodge No. 4, in the usual dress, and were estimated at over one thousand. General Cook had charge of the Masonic Fraternity, while Captain John S. Bradford, in beautiful uniform, commanded the line as Chief Marshal. Having arrived at the stand, the Grand Marshal proclaimed silence, the Grand Master briefly addressed the audience, prayer was offered by the Grand Chaplain, and the band discoursed good music. The Grand Treasurer announced that he had made a deposit in the stone, and the list of articles was read by the Grand Secretary. Cornerstones 209 The Grand Master then announced that it was his will and pleasure that the cornerstone be now laid, which was proclaimed to the Masons. The Grand Master then said: R.W. Bro. Deputy Grand Master, Senior and Junior Grand War- dens, you will proceed with me to the stone and assist in laying the stone. They descended, the Grand Sword Bearer and Grand Marshal pre- ceeding; following them, the Deputy Grand Master, Senior and Junior Grand Wardens, then the Grand Master, followed by the Grand Senior and Junior Deacons. The Deputy Grand Master bore the square, the Senior Grand Warden the level, the Junior Grand Warden the plumb, the Senior Grand Deacon the trowel, and the Junior Grand Deacon the gavel. The Grand Master then spread tlie cement, and the stone was low- ered to its bed. The cornerstone is an immense block from the Hamilton quarries, eight feet long, four feet wide, and three feet thick, very handsomely dressed, and bearing the following inscription: Erected under an Act of the General Assembly, approved February 25, 1867. Commissioners. Jacob Bunn, President, John W. Smith, James C. Robinson, James H. Beveridge, Phillip Wadsworth, William L. Ilambleton, William L. Vandeveer, J. C. Webber, Secretary, John C. Cochrane, Architect and Superintendent, William D. Clarke, Assistant Superintendent. State Officers. Richard J. Oglesby, Governor, William Bross, Lieutenant Governor, Sharon T>ndale, Secretary of State, Orhn H. Miner, Auditor, George W. Smith, Treasurer, Robert G. Ingersoll, Attorney General, Newton Bateman, Superintendent of Public Instruction. Laid by the Masonic Fraternity, A.D. 1868, A.L. 5868. Jerome R. Gorin, M.W. G.M. The time of lowering the stone was divided into three parts, repre- 210 Freemasonry in Illinois senting the three degrees of Masonry; the first announced by one gun from the artillery, second by two guns, the third by three guns; the band meanwhile playing "Auld Lang Syne." The stone having reached its proper position, it was, by order of the Grand Master, tried with the plumb, the level and the square, and the Grand Master then said: This comer-stone has been tested by the proper instruments of Masonry; I find that the craftsmen have skillfully and faithfully per- formed their duty; therefore, I pronounce this, the corner-stone of the new State House, tried, true and trusty, plumb, level and square, and as such it is approved; the craftsmen have faithfully performed the duties assigned to them. Then, the ofiicers resuming their proper positions, the Grand Master proclaimed as follows: I, Jerome R. Gorin, Grand Master of Masons of the State of lUinois, declare this stone plumb, level and square, and being so, duly laid ac- cording to the ancient usages, customs and landmarks of Freemasonry; and may the Grand Architect of Heaven and Earth bless the work here begun, and make it memorable to the last generations. After music, the Grand Master then proceeded, according to the ancient usages of Masonry, to pour the vessels of com, wine and oil, emblems each respectively of plenty, refreshment and joy, upon the stone, and concluded by saying: May the All-bounteous Author of Nature, the Supreme and ever Living God, bless the inhabitants of this place with all the necessaries, comforts, and conveniences of life, assist in the erection and completion of this building, protect the workmen against every accident, and long preserve from decay the structure which will here arise. And may He grant to us, in needful supply, the corn of nourishment, the wine of refreshment, and the oil of joy. The Grand Master then presented Mr. J. C. Cochrane, the architect, and W. D. Clarke, the superintendent of the work, with the designs upon the trestle-board and the tools of the workmen. The Grand Marshal then faced the audience and said: Take notice that M.W. Bro. Jerome R. Gorin, Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Illinois, has this day, at this place, laid the comer-stone of the new State House. Wisdom, Strength, Beauty and Fraternity. The procession then proceeded to the Springfield skating rink, corner of Walnut and Market streets, where a magnificent banquet had been arranged by Messrs. Leland. Cornerstones 211 Chicago Custom House and Post Office Cornerstone Laid June 24, 1874 BY George W. Warvelle Soon after ten o'clock the Federal, State, County and Municipal officers, the employees of the custom house and postal departments of the Government, Military, Masonic Fraternity and other civic organi- zations, moved through several of the principal thoroughfares to the place of rendezvous at the northeast corner of Dearborn and Adams Streets; but it was not until one o'clock that the ceremonies com- menced. The display was one of the finest ever witnessed in Chicago and for an occasion of this kind probably the largest in point of num- bers that has ever occurred. The anti-Masonic element were out in force and large placards, borne aloft on poles and containing expres- sions derogatory to the fraternity, were carried after the procession. When the Masonic portion of the procession finally reached the building the officers of the Grand Lodge who were to actively parti- cipate in the ceremonies took their stations around the stone. Grand Master Hawley and Deputy Grand Master Lounsbury in the East, Senior Grand Warden Robbins in the West, and Junior Grand War- den De Lancey in the South. The cornerstone itself was a simple-looking afiFair. It weighed a little over five tons, and a couple of iron shafts were placed in the upper surface, to allow the hooks of the derrick to grapple with the immense weight and lift it into position. The engineer, in order to accomplish this task, put on a pressure of sixty pounds of steam, which raised the mass like a feather. Previous to its elevation three tall candles were laid upon it, and Mr. Edgar Sanders strewed it with a wealth of beautiful flowers, so that it looked like a conquerer crowned with the laurels of victory and the roses of love. Beyond this there was nothing of the romantic in the appearance of the now historic boulder. The principal architect, J. C. Rankin, Esq., stepped toward Grand Master Hawley and said: Most Worshipful Grand Master of Masons in Illinois, in behalf of the National Treasury Department and in the name of the President of the United States of America, I now request you to lay the comer- stone of the building to be erected on this spot in accordance with the formalities of your ancient and honorable institution. 212 Freemasonry in Illinois The Grand Master replied: From time immemorial it has been the custom of the Fraternity of Freemasons, when invited to do so, to lay with ancient ceremonies the cornerstones of buildings erected for the worship of God, for public charity, or for the purpose of administering justice and free govern- ment. By invitation of the United States authorities, I am here on behalf of the Free and Accepted Masons, and on the part of the Grand Lodge of Illinois, to lay with ancient ceremonies this stone, and thereby to attest our patriotism and our respect for the National Government. We will accordingly proceed in conformity with one of the cardinal virtues of our order, which teaches that in all our works, great or small, begun and finished, we should seek the aid and favor of Almighty God. It is our first duty, then, to invoke the blessing of the Great Architect of the Universe upon the work in which we are about to engage. I therefore command the utmost silence, and call upon all to unite with our Grand Chaplain in an address to the Throne of grace. The Grand Chaplain, Rev. J. E. Forrester, offered an appropriate prayer. The Apollo Musical Club then chanted an invocation composed for the occasion. The Grand Master then called upon the Grand Treas- urer to deposit certain articles within the cavity in the stone as mem- orials of the period at which it was erected, so that, if the lapse of ages, the fury of the elements or the slow but certain ravages of time, should lay bare the foundation, an enduring record might be found by succeeding generations, to bear testimony to the energy, industry and culture of the time. The Grand Master then called upon the Grand Secretary to read the list of the contents of the casket. The contents consisted of: 1 — A memorial plate of pure native copper, inscribed with the names of the principal United States, State and municipal officers present, or who had signified their intention to be present on the occasion. A parchment roll, inscribed with the names of the principal officers of the organizations taking part in the ceremonies. 2 — Declaration of Independence, Constitution of the United States, Acts of Congress making appropriations for the purchase of the site and the erection of the building. 3 — Constitution of the State of Illinois, map of the State of Illinois, list of the State Officers, engraving of the new State House. 4 — List of county officers. 4 — Picture of the proposed building. 6 — Proceedings, for 1873, of Grand Lodge of Masons, Grand Chap- ter of Masons, Illinois; Grand Council of Masons, Illinois; Grand Com- mandery of Masons, Illinois; General Grand Chapter of Masons, U.S.; General Grand Encampment of Masons, U.S.; Supreme Council. 7 — Proceedings of the Grand Lodge and Encampment of Odd Fel- lows; Grand Lodge of Knights of Pythias. Cornerstones 213 8 — Directory of Chicago; account of first post office in Chicago; map of Chicago, 1874; map of Chicago 1820; proceedings of the Board of Pubhc Works, Education, PoHcc, Parks, Board of Trade, ReHcf Com- mittee, Comptroller's report. 9 — Copy of the programme, and all papers connected with laying the comer-stone; daily papers of Chicago; list of organizations attend- ing ceremonies. Copies United States Bonds, all denominations unsigned; United States Treasury Notes, all denominations unsigned; United States gold, silver and copper coinage. The Grand Master then took the trowel and spread the cement which covered the box. The Grand Master, addressing Judge Blodgett: On behalf of the Free and Accepted Masons of Illinois, I invite your honor, as one of the Judges of the United States Courts, to assist in these ceremonies by spreading a portion of the cement. The stone was then lowered while the Apollo Musical Club sang another original ode composed for the occasion. When the stone was in place the grand honors were given, amid a salvo of artillery. After the Wardens had tested the stone with their implements the consecration ceremony followed in the usual form. The working tools were then returned to the architect who, in turn, presented the trowel to the Grand Master; the square to the Deputy Grand Master; the level to the Senior Grand Warden and the plumb to the Junior Grand Warden, as mementoes of the occasion. The Grand Master then delivered an appropriate oration, the Grand Marshal proclaimed the stone duly laid according to old customs, three guns were fired; the Apollo Club sang America, and the bene- diction by the Grand Chaplain closed the ceremony. Grand Master James A. Hawley in company with Deputy Grand Master and Grand Wardens laid the cornerstone on June 24, 1874. His report reads (Pto. 1874, page 18): It was an occasion of universal interest, not only to the Craft of this and adjoining States, but also to the public at large, especially to the citizens of Chicago, which was made manifest by their presence in nmnbers unsurpassed by any similar event of our time. In view of the national character of the building, the magnitude, and completeness of the arrangements on the part of the United States officials, as well as the Craft of this city, I may be pardoned for adverting to the event some- what more fully than is customary in an official report. Especially is this proper, since the opportunity was seized upon by the enemies of Free- masonry, and to a great extent, by the press of this city, to misrepre- sent the action and intentions of the Masonic Fraternity, thereby creat- ing in the minds of those outside the Institution, an unwarranted preju- dice towards a society that never seeks, in any manner, to foist its 214 Freemasonry in Illinois ancient and universally respected ceremonies before the public, unless especially invited to do so; but, nothwithstanding this well-known characteristic of our society, the misrepresentations were carried to such an extent that many, even of the Craft, were led to believe that the dignity and honor of our ancient Institution had been, or would be, compromised by yielding to the importunities of a few fanatical bigots who may be well-informed on other subjects, but whose ignorance and misconception of the design and claims of Freemasonry is entitled to pity; yet in the face of this, they have the effrontery to assume the roll of the three men of Hooley street, and represent themselves as "we, the people," by anticipating the occasion by a year to display their venom, by forwarding to the authorities at Washington remonstrances against the Masons being permitted to perform these ceremonies. Notwithstand- ing this action, the National Government, through its proper officers, without any solicitation on the part of the Masonic Fraternity, formally invited the Grand Master of Masons in this State to lay the comer-stone of this national edifice, thereby recognizing the antiquity of our Masonic Institution, perpetuating the customs pertaining tliereto, and acknowledg- ing the appropriateness of its ceremonies. This invitation was accepted in the same courteous spirit in which it was given, and I desire to bear testimony to the fact that the Masonic Fraternity, throughout the entire affair, were treated with the utmost con- sideration and respect by the representatives of the National Govern- ment, and that they did not, at any time or in any manner, interfere with or seek to make any change in the ceremonies of the occasion as prepared by M.W. Bro. Cregier, who represented the Grand Master in arranging the same. Neither was this program thus prepared changed in any particular, except so far as to invite that distinguished gentleman and jurist, Hon. Henry W. Blodgett, Judge of the United States Supreme Court, to represent the National Government, and take such part in the ceremonies as the Grand Master assigned, and originally intended should have been performed by the President of the United States. Masonic Fraternity Temple An emergent communication of the Grand Lodge was convened on November 6, 1890, in the asylum of Apollo Commandery No. 1, for the purpose of laying the cornerstone of the Masonic Fraternity Temple, State and Randolph Streets, Chicago. The Grand Lodge was opened at High Twelve. The Grand Marshal, with the assistance of his Aids, formed the procession, headed by a platoon of fifty policemen. First came the Templars to the number of 600 commanded by George M. Moulton and StafiF. Then came 37 lodges numbering 2,277. Following them were visitors and the Grand Lodge Officers. There were 24 bands in the procession. The grand total was 3,724. Cornerstones 215 As the head of the column reached the Temple site, the Knights Templar formed a hollow square through which the Grand Lodge Officers passed to their places on the platform. There was also in the procession the youngest Entered Apprentice in Illinois, John C. Smith, Jr. He was initiated at an early hour on the morning of the day of laying the cornerstone. Brother John C. Smith, Past Grand Master, Grand Master of Cere- monies, on behalf of the Officers and Trustees of the Temple Associa- tion, requested the Grand Master, John M. Pearson, to place the cornerstone in position in accordance with the customs of the Ancient Craft. The Grand Master then said: It has ever been the custom, on occasions Uke the present, to deposit within the cavity in the stone, placed in the north-east comer of the edifice, certain memorials of the period at which it was erected; so that in the lapse of ages, if the fury of the elements, or the slow but certain ravages of time should lay bare the foimdations, an enduring record may be found by succeeding generations to bear testimony to the energy, industry and culture of our time. The deposit in the stone was very large, containing copies of the Proceedings of the Grand Lodge of Illinois, 1889, 1890; Proceedings of the Grand Chapter of Illinois, 1890; Proceedings of the Grand Council, 1890; Proceedings of the Grand Commandery, 1890; Medal souvenir of the Masonic Temple; silver and nickel coins, 5 cents up to one dollar; Proceedings of the Council of Deliberation of Illinois, 1890; City of Chicago Reports, Board of Public Works, Chief of Police, Finance, Etc.; Semi-centennial Medal of the Grand Lodge of Illinois, 1889; city newspapers; Masonic Veterans' Proceedings, 1888-89; Ma- sonic Veteran Invitations, 1888-89; Masonic Veteran Badge, 1890; Menu Mystic Tie Club Banquet, Roster, etc.; Medinah Temple Mystic Shrine; Proceedings of the Grand Lodge, I.O.O.F. Illinois; Proceed- ings of Grand Encampment of Illinois, I.O.O.F.; Chicago Times, Sun- day morning November 6, 1890; Copy of By-laws and Roster of members of (59) Lodges, four chapters R.A.M., one Council R. & S. M., eight Commanderies and one Consistory. The Grand Master then directed the Grand Treasurer to deposit the casket in the cavity beneath the stone and may the Great Architect of the Universe, in His wisdom, grant that ages on ages shall pass away ere it again be seen of men. Little did the Grand Master and tliose associated with him know 216 Freemasonry in Illinois of the tremendous changes that would take place in Chicago during succeeding years, changes that made it necessary to tear down the immense building to make way for different financial arrangements. However, the ceremony continued by the architect of the building handing the Grand Master the working tools who presented them to the proper Grand OfiBcers to be applied by them to the stone. The Grand Master then spread a portion of the cement. The stone was slowly lowered one-third of the distance, when the stone was stopped and the Grand Honors given. The stone was again lowered as before, when it was stopped and the Grand Honors given twice. The stone was then lowered for the third time. When it was in place the Grand Honors were given thrice. There was appropriate music while the stone was being lowered. The working tools, the square, level and plumb, were then applied to the stone. The Grand Master then struck the stone three times with his gavel and said: This corner-stone has been tested by the proper implements of Masonry, and I find that the craftsmen have skillfully and faithfully done their duty; and I do declare the stone to be well formed and trusty, trvily laid, and correctly proved according to the rules of our Ancient Craft. May the building be conducted and completed amid the blessings of Plenty, Health and Peace. The Grand Master then consecrated the stone with corn, wine and oil; then, extending his hand, pronounced the invocation: May Com, Wine and Oil, and all the necessaries of life, abound among men throughout the world. May the blessings of Almighty God be upon this undertaking. May he protect the workmen from every accident. May the structure here to be erected be planned with Wis- dom, supported by Strength and adorned with Beauty, and may it be preserved to the latest ages, a monument to the energy and liberality of its founders. The working tools were then returned to the architect, the usual proclamation made that the ancient custom had been carried out in full. Brother DeWitt C. Cregier was then introduced as Grand Orator and delivered a short address appropriate to the occasion. After the close of the ceremonies the Grand Lodge returned to the Asylum of Apollo Commandery where the Grand Lodge was closed in ample form. At nine o'clock in the evening the Mystic Tie Club enjoyed a banquet. The menu card bore on the tide page an illustration of the Cornerstones 217 laying of tlie cornerstone; on the back was a cut of the Temple as it would appear when completed. At the conclusion of the banquet several speakers were introduced, all of whom delivered eloquent remarks appropriate to the occasion. Leveling of the Cape-stone of the Masonic Temple On November 6, 1891, exactly one year from the day the corner- stone was laid, the building was finished by the placing of the cape- stone. Brother John C. Smith, acting as proxy for the Grand Master, Monroe C. Crawford, opened the Grand Lodge in the Preceptory of Oriental Consistory at High Twelve. The procession was formed under the direction of Walter A. Stevens, Grand Marshal. It was led by two platoons of police numbering 76; followed by George M. Moulton, Past Grand Commander Knights Templar, Marshal-in-Chief and Aids. First came 65 members of Oriental Consistory, then seven Com- manderies with 470 members, 23 lodges with 1,600 members, 100 visiting brethren and the Grand Lodge Officers. There were nine bands in the procession. A press account of the celebration said: The ceremonies attending the leveHng of the cape-stone of the new Masonic Temple yesterday marked the practical completion of the great building. In one year's time the big building has progressed from the comer-stone to the cape-stone, and it stands today a towering monu- ment to the master minds that conceived it and to that fraternity, almost as old as history itself, which has caused it to be built. Two years ago the plan of building a great temple, to be dedicated to the uses of Freemasonry, originated in the minds of Norman T. Cassette and others, their idea met the approval of their brother Nhisons, and the ground at State and Randolph streets was purchased for that purpose. To Burham and Root was given the work of drawing the plans, a work performed to the satisfaction of all interested. The comer-stone was laid one year from the time the plans were made public, and one year to the day the cape-stone was ready to be put in place. A grander or more brilliant procession of Masons never marched along the streets of Chicago. More than 500 uniformed knights were in line, their white plmnes waving and their highly burnished swords clanking as they marched along. Then the various lodges counter- marched and fell into the ranks, and soon 1,550 more men, ununiformed but bearing the various instruments of their order, were in motion. After traversing several streets they arrived at the Temple Build- ing where the lodge members were formed in open order, when the Grand Lodge Officers proceeded to the front, the lodges closing ranks and following regular order, the oldest lodge immediately after the 218 Freemasonry in Illinois Grand Lodge. The Templars were drawn up in line on the west side of State Street. A force of 200 police held back the great crowd which reached for blocks in every direction. The long procession countermarched and drew up in ranks before the speakers' stand. The officers of the Grand Lodge were assisted from their carriages and escorted to seats on the platform, the princes of Oriental Consistory and the Templars saluted with their swords. The cape-stone rested on a table which had a flag of the United States for covering. A rope extending from a crane at the topmost point of the front wall was fastened to the stone, to be used in drawing it up to place. Past Grand Master John C. Smith sent a basket of flowers which almost hid the stone from view until the ceremonies were completed, when they were distributed among the women present, as mementos of the occasion. The Oriental Quartette sang an anthem composed especially for the occasion by Rev. Henry G. Perry. Vice-president Amos Grannie, of tlie Masonic Fraternity Temple Association, then requested Brother John C. Smith to complete the building by placing the cape-stone ac- cording to the custom of the Most Ancient and Honorable Fraternity of Free and Accepted Masons. The principal architect of the building, D. H. Burnham, presented the working tools necessary to lay the stone. He said: Having been entrusted with the duty of designing this edifice, and of supervising and directing the workmen in its erection, and having been enabled to witness its completion, I now, with due respect, present to you for inspection and approval the last stone that enters into its composition, and with it I now return to you the implements entrusted to me at the laying of the corner-stone, there being no further occasion for their use. The Grand Master then had the working tools used to test the stone and it was found perfect. The Grand Master then said: Mr. Burnham, I accept this work, assuring you of my hearty ap- proval, and will forthwith proceed to consecrate it according to ancient usage. The stone was then consecrated with the ancient elements of the Craft, corn, wine and oil. The stone was then elevated and placed in position and the Grand Honors given three times. The Grand Marshal proclaimed Cornerstones 219 that the cape-stone of the Masonic Fraternity Temple has this day been celebrated according to the old customs of Free and Accepted Masons. A suitable oration was delivered by Rev. Brother H. W. Thomas, after which Oriental Quartette sang a closing anthem, the audience was dismissed, the Templars and lodges returned to their various halls and the Grand Lodge to the Preceptory of Oriental Consistory where it was closed in ample form. Cornerstone of the Illinois Masonic Home June 24, 1903 The most notable ceremony and the one which will appeal to the heart of every Mason of this great Jurisdiction, was that which marked the practical inception of the great and glorious charitable work which you by your votes authorized at our last annual communication. The laying of this cornerstone was most assuredly a memorable event, embodying as it does in the event and the results to follow those excellent tenets of our institution, Brotherly Love, Relief and Truth, in the highest degree. Fully three thousand brethren and as many more of the public, by their presence testified to the deep interest which this work has excited within and without the fraternity, and gives assur- ance of its lasting and generous support. Eight Commanderies of Knights Templar, with bands, combined to make the demonstration unequalled in the annals of our history. All the elective officers of the Grand Lodge were there together with the Grand Orator and Grand Tyler. The interest in the consecration of the stone was enhanced by the fact that a portion of the com, wine and oil that were used was the actual product of the Holy Land, presented for the occasion by Brother John C. Smith, P.G.M. The contents of the casket placed within the stone embraced the following: Proceedings of the Grand Lodge 1901- 1902, Grand Orator's address at the laying of the comer-stone. Certified copy of the last will and testament of Robt. A. Miller and dociunents connected with its probation, Certified copy of the resolutions of the Grand Lodge, A.F. and A.M., of Illinois, and that part of the Grand Master's address pertaining to the bequest, Biography of Robert A. Miller, List of charter members and officers, and present members of the Sullivan lodge, History of the Illinois Masonic Home, Names of officers and Board of Trustees and name of architect, Copy of the Constitution and B>-Laws of the Grand Lodge, Card of W. F. Benson, contractor and builder of Home, Program of exercises, June 18, 1903, Coins of 1903. 220 Freemasonry in Illinois The above is a copy of the address of WilHam B. Wright, Grand Master. Cornerstone of the Orphans' Home On April 30, 1910 the Grand Master laid the cornerstone for the Orphans' Home at La Grange in the presence of several thousand people. The exercises were set for three o'clock in the afternoon. The weather was unpropitious but in every other respect this historic event was conducted to a successful conclusion. The stone was laid with a silver trowel specially made and suitably inscribed for the use of the M.W. Grand Master, the cement was spread whereby the chief stone of the corner found a secure and lasting resting place, marking the climax of more than twenty-five years of constant endeavor to provide a permanent Masonic Home for the orphan children of our deceased brethren whom fate would otherwise cast adrift on the troubled sea of life. All the Masonic organizations of Cook County were invited to attend and participate in the ceremonies. The line of march was com- posed of 21 lodges, two chapters with 200 members and escorted by five Commanderies with 300 Knights in full uniform. The program of exercises and a list of the contents of the stone will be found on page 74-80 of the proceedings of 1910. The children of the Home in Chicago were present to witness the laying of the cornerstone of the building which was to be their future home. The children attracted much attention and made a most favor- able impression. The rain cut short the oration of the Grand Orator which was greatly regretted. However, the event was imposing and wdll long be remembered by those who were present. Cornerstone of the Royal Arch Memorial Hospital October 3, 1914 BY Henry T. Burnap, Grand Master The Grand Lodge function of most importance and general interest to the craft, at which I officiated during my term of office, was the lay- ing of the cornerstone of the Royal Arch Memorial Hospital on the grounds of the Masonic Home at Sullivan which took place on Satur- day, October 3. This ceremony marked the official beginning of a much needed and long desired addition to the facilities for the proper administra- Cornerstones 221 tion of one of the great organized charities which is being conducted under the auspices of this Grand Lodge. All the elective officers of the Grand Lodge, with one exception, were present on this occasion and the ceremonies were witnessed by a large concourse of people from Sullivan and neighboring cities. Sullivan Lodge No. 764 at- tended in a body accompanied by a large delegation from Decatur who brought with them a band which furnished music for the cere- mony. The thanks of the Grand Lodge are due to the brethren of Sullivan for the interest which they manifested in attending to pre- liminary details and in provision made for transportation and enter- tainment of the visitors. Other Cornerstones Laid by Grand Lodge Masonic Temples 125 Schools 109 Hospitals 18 Churches 62 Court Houses 34 City Halls 13 Other buildings 35 Total 396 Dedications The Grand Lodge has dedicated 297 lodge rooms. Dedication of the Illinois Masonic Home The most important dedication of the year as well as the most sig- nificant one in the history of the Grand Lodge occurred at SuUivan, III. where, on the 8th day of September, 1904, I convened an Occasional Grand Lodge and with appropriate ceremonies solemnly dedicated the Ilhnois Masonic Home to the purpose for which it is intended. A large number of Masons, Knights Templar and citizens graced the occasion with their presence. Miss Winnie Titus, of Sullivan, rendered a beautiful and appro- priate solo and a number of songs by the celebrated Lexington Quartette added much to the beauty and dignity of the ceremonies. M.W. Owen Scott delivered an impressive and eloquent dedicatory address, which I believe, should be preserved of record. ( From the report of Grand Master Wright ) . 222 Freemasonry in Illinois Dedication of the Royal Arch Memorial Hospital On April 11, 1915 a meeting of the Board of Managers was held at Sullivan at which Sir Knight Thomas A. Stevens, Grand Commander Knights Templar and Companion Everett R. Turnbull, Grand High Priest, were present. At this meeting a general committee on arrange- ments was selected consisting of Ralph H. Wheeler, president of the Board, the Grand Commander and Grand High Priest. The following were named chairmen of the sub-committees: Thomas H. Stevens, Escort and Marshal, Everett R. Turnbull, Local Arrangements, Louis L. Emmerson, Finance. It was decided to make this a patriotic Fourth of July celebration but, as the fourth came on Sunday, the actual ceremony was on Mon- day the fifth. The day was bright and clear, the rain of the preceeding night had cooled the air and the heat was not uncomfortable. Never before in the history of Masonry in Illinois had Lodge, Chapter and Commandery appeared in public in one procession; never before had the Grand Officers of the three Grand Bodies sat together on one platform. These three great organizations have a common object; to relieve the distressed, care for the sick and comfort poor and weary pilgrims traveling from afar. The attendance far surpassed all expectations. All railroads ran special trains and the crowd was enormous. The procession, by actual count, showed more than 5,000 in line. The distance from the town to the Home is about two miles. When the head of the parade entered the grounds the end had not started from the city. About half the line was taken up by the lodges with members marching eight abreast. The procession was headed by Siloam Commandery band, an organi- zation of Knights Templar only. Many other bands were in the line. The united quartettes numbering forty men under the leadership of George Kurzenknabe assisted materially in making the exercises a success. Nearly half of the lodges in the state were represented; 137 of the 153 lodges in Chicago were represented. Most Excellent Grand High Priest Everett R. Turnbull, in a mas- terly and appropriate address formally presented the hospital to the Grand Lodge. In this he proved that Masons are conscious of and prepared to answer the age-old question that has come down through the ages, "Am I my brother's keeper?" Most Worshipful Grand Master Henry T. Bumap, on behalf of the Grand Lodge, accepted the magnanimous gift in a pleasing and force- Cornerstones 223 fill manner, and his acceptance was supplemented by a short address by Ralph H. Wheeler, of the Board of Managers. Companion Henry H. Montgomery, Past Grand High Priest, delivered an eloquent ora- tion on behalf of the Grand Chapter, which was responded to by George M. Moulton, Past Grand Master and former President of the Board of Managers of the Masonic Homes. The day was enlivened by band concerts and selections by the united quartettes, and all went home feeling that a great advance had been made in the usefulness of the Masonic fraternity in Illinois. The Illinois Masonic Hospital In 1909 a small company of Masons interested in the welfare of needy members organized a hospital association to carry out one of the great teachings of the fraternity. The members of the first Board of Trustees deserve to have their names on permanent record. They were: J. A. Lyons, D. A. Payne, M.D., Howard R. Appleget, Frank A. West, James Hill, Otto F. Dannenberg, Edgar W. Chestermann, Vivian M. Scott, Dan E. Meyer, C. D. Pence, Andrew N. Engle, Robert J. Daly, Thomas J. McGrath, J. B. McFatrich, Henry Steinbeck. They had an abiding faith in the justice of their cause and went before the various Masonic organizations in Chicago asking for funds. At first there were no funds available to furnish and maintain a hospital; extreme cases were farmed out to existing hospitals but this was far from satisfactory. As appeals for assistance grew in number the need for better and more adequate quarters could no longer be ignored. In 1915 a number of prominent Masons in Chicago proceeded to form a corporation and obtained a charter, in which the objectives of the group were specified. Some time prior to the incorporation of what was then known as the Gil. W. Barnard Hospital, various schemes were devised which provided the means for raising funds. In 1921 the charter was amended and the name changed to the Illinois Masonic Hospital. The Chicago Union Hospital with a 60 bed capacity was purchased for $100,000. This was the first institution oper- ated in Illinois where Masonic charity cases could be treated exclu- sively under Masonic management. In three years the terrific demands made upon it for charity entirely outgrew the capacity of the hospital. Following 1921, largely through the cooperation of Medinah Shrine, $200,000 was collected which enabled the directors to com- 224 Freemasonry in Illinois plete a new wing to the hospital. Following the fund raising campaign, immediate steps were taken to build a more modern structure, with facilities tliat were thought to be adequate to meet all charity needs for a long time to come. However, the funds raised were far short of the cost of improve- ment and it became necessary to mortgage the property. Then came the great depression and the association was in a desperate condition for some years but the courageous and unfaltering faith of the directors and officers of the association finally brought the financial trouble to a satisfactory ending. Since 1921 three additions have been built to the original building and five additional parcels of property contiguous to the main institu- tion have been purchased. The second wing was completed free from debt; a new addition was added as a home for student and trained nurses; additional im- proved property was used for housing hospital attendants, including internes and resident physicians. A third addition will be completed this month (November 1951), which will give a total of 400 beds, 40 bassinets, new recovery rooms, new X-ray department which occupies an entire floor, new clinic and examining rooms, pharmacy and many other added facilities. The boiler and laundry rooms occupy a separate building on hospital property. The nurses' homes surround the hospital. The cornerstone of the latest addition to the nurses' home was laid on November 25, 1944. An average year's work is given in the 1947 Proceedings of the Grand Lodge. Patients admitted 11,947, Patients' visits to clinic 30,183, Association cases in hospital 555. Babies bom in hospital 1,750. This property has grown from a very small beginning to its vast proportions. It is valued at more than a million and a quarter dollars and is owned by the Masonic Bodies of Cook County. It is the largest hospital in the country that has the name "Masonic" attached to it. The present officers are: Edgar A. Jonas, President; Charles W. Kaiser, First Vice President; Frank E. Hodek, Jr., Second Vice Presi- dent; Fred P. Kirch, Treasurer; Watson Boyes, Secretary; William Tenney, Superintendent. Chapter 25 CHARITY AND BENEVOLENCE During the early years relief of members was a personal matter. A needy brother would apply directly to the Grand Lodge for help; that body, after investigation, would make a contribution. In those early days the Grand Lodge had no money to support an institution for permanent relief. As the membership grew in numbers and more cases were reported, especially children needing assistance, an attempt was made to have a plan for a Widows' and Orphans' Home adopted. However, the time was not ripe for such action and it was defeated. This was a resolution presented in 1875 and submitted to the lodges for a referendum vote. But there were those who felt that something must be done. Therefore a small band of courageous members decided to act as individuals. Accordingly George M. Moulton, Gorham B. CoflBn and John A. Crawford applied for and received the following: CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, GREETING: WHEREAS, a certificate, duly signed and acknowledged has been filed in the office of the Secretary of State, on the eleventh day of March, A.D. 1885, for the organization of "THE ILLINOIS MASONIC OR- PHANS' HOME," under and in accordance with the provisions of "An Act Concerning Corporations," approved April 18, 1872, and in force July 1, 1872, a copy of which certificate is hereto attached: Now, Therefore, I, Henry D. Dement, Secretary of State of the State of Illinois, by virtue of the powers and duties vested in me by law, do hereby certify that the said "THE ILLINOIS MASONIC OR- PHANS' HOME" is a legally organized corporation under the laws of this State. In testimony, whereof, I hereto set my hand and cause to be affixed the great Seal of State. Done at the City of Springfield, this eleventh day of March, in tlie year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and eighty-five, and of the independence of the United States the one hundred and ninth. HENRY D. DEMENT [Seal] Secretary of State. 225 226 Freemasonry in Illinois The object for which it was formed was to provide and maintain, at or near the City of Chicago, a home for the nurture, and intellectual, moral and physical culture of indigent children of deceased Freema- sons of the State of IHinois; and a temporary shelter and asylum for sick and indigent widows of such deceased Freemasons. George M. Moulton was elected the first president of the Illinois Masonic Orphans' Home; Henry Turner, Vice President; and George W. Warvelle, Counsel. Jno. A. Crawford, Jno. J. Badenoch, Gorham B. Coffin, Chas. A. Moses, Thos. E. Miller, S. T. Gunderson, D. H. McDaneld, Herschel W. Dryer and Henson Robinson, with them composed the twelve original trustees, Gil W. Barnard was their secre- tary and Wiley M. Egan, treasurer. Immediately facing these men was the tremendous task of devising means for raising sufficient funds to acquire a building suitable for use as an orphans' home. Another problem of equal importance was the matter of securing continual financial support to maintain the Home, year after year. It was agreed to accomplish both of these purposes by means of membership dues. Two classes of members were established, "active" and "life," the former paying annual dues of one dollar, the latter paying fifty dollars, either in one payment, or in not more than five annual installments. Twenty-five thousand pamphlets were printed and distributed, containing the by-laws and prospectus of the organization. The first annual report of the president disclosed the fact that over $5,000 had actually been paid into the treasury of the Illinois Masonic Orphans' Home and about half as much more pledged, but not yet paid. It is the judgment of your Board [said the report], that a practical start should be made, as soon as we may be assured of the continuous financial support of the brethren. We do not aspire to a lofty edifice elegantly furnished at first, but propose to make an humble beginning, trusting that our good works may be the means of attracting gradually the united and spontaneous support of the brethren, so that in time, the spacious and lofty edifice may be reared. This first annual report, with its courageous forward look, was presented on March 9, 1886, and with such dispatch did the Board proceed that before three months had passed a suitable building had been found and on June 12 a special meeting of the Association author- ized them to borrow a sum not to exceed $10,000 to purchase "the grounds and buildings situated at the intersection of Carroll Avenue and Sheldon Street in the City of Chicago." Within the next few weeks u u Charity and Benevolence 227 the property was purchased for $15,000. Five brethren, A. B. Ashley, A. M. Eddy, C. H. Tcbbets, J. J. Badenoch and George M. Moulton each advanced $1,000 as temporary loans, which, with the money in the treasury, was sufficient to complete the purchase of the property at Carroll Avenue and Sheldon Street in Chicago. A prospectus was immediately printed, bearing on the front a picture of the Home, and circulated among the Lodges. The following quotations from that circular show what enthusiasm and devotion marked the work of the trustees: The Management of the lUinois Masonic Orphans' Home are much gratified at being able to announce to the Masonic fraternity of this State, that the practical establishment of a "Home" for the helpless and dependent Orphans of our deceased brethren is an assured fact in the near future. The view with which this circular is illustrated is an ac- curate reproduction of the premises lately secured for the purpose men- tioned. By a combination of strangely fortuitous circumstances we have been enabled to secure this beautiful property, admirably adapted for the puq^oses intended, at a price far below its real value. This property is situated at the North-west comer of Carroll Avenue and Sheldon Street, in the West Division of the City of Chicago, on improved streets, in a retired, yet eminently respectable locality. The grounds are 203 x 164 feet. The Home was dedicated by the Most Worshipful Grand Lodge on Thursday, October 7, 1886, the "Order of Exercises" announcing that "The Most Worshipful, the Grand Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons, of the State of Illinois, accompanied by its constituent Lodges, and under an escort tendered by the Chivalric orders of Knights Templar and Sublime Princes of the Royal Secret, 32°, will leave the Grand Lodge Hall on Michigan Avenue at half past two o'clock." The dedi- catory ceremonies included an address by Most Worshipful Brother A. T. Darrah, Grand Master, prayers by the Grand Chaplain, Wor- shipful Brother G. W. Scawthon, and Rt. Rev. Brother Samuel Fallows, and a sermon by Rev. Brother H. W. Thomas. Chicago Council, Princes of Jerusalem, 16°, Ancient Accepted Scottish Rite, presented to the Association the crockery, tableware, and banquet furniture formerly used by the Council. The following resolution appears on the minutes of the meeting of October 29, 1886: Whereas the ladies whose names are embodied in the following resolution did in the year 1885 prepare by their own hands a beauti- fully embroidered Slumber Quilt, which being disposed of by raffle 228 Freemasonry in Illinois March 17, 1885, realizing thereby the sum of $612.40, which sum was donated to the Illinois Masonic Orphans' Home, being the first money that was received by the said organization, and was, in fact, the chief incentive to its organization, therefore, Resolved that the Mesdames George M. Moulton, Jno. J. Badenoch, G. B. Coffin, J. A. Crawford, T. E. Miller, Jno. Woodman, P. M. Bristol, D. H. McDaneld, W. C. Lyman, J. S. Zimmerman, G. W. Marbel, J. E. Dickerson, P. Button, Miss Jessie A. Button, and Miss Grace L. Freeman be elected the first honorary members of this Association in recognition of their charitable efi^orts and the ultimate good that has resulted thereby. By a somewhat similar resolution Mr. and Mrs. Martin Losby, who donated the quilt to the Home, were elected to honorary membership in the Association. The quilt referred to is displayed today, appropriately framed and inscribed, in a prominent location in the Illinois Masonic Orphans' Home, and all who visit the Home are told of its history. For more than twenty years the Home grew, both in the number of children in its care and in the esteem and interest of the brethren. By 1895 it had become necessary to build an addition to the Home to care for the growing number of children. This building cost some- where about $21,000 with its furnishings, and was in fact a new home, the original building being used thereafter as an annex to house the hospital, library, storeroom, and employees' rooms. The first superintendent and matron, Brother and Mrs. E. N. Ed- wards, resigned after some six months of service and were replaced by Brother and Mrs. J. G. Stebbins, who for more than two decades were in charge of the Home. The most difficult problem facing the Trustees throughout all this period was that of enlisting the financial support necessary to meet an annually increasing budget, for while there were only four children in the Home the first year it was opened, the popu- lation increased steadily until there were more than sixty children under its roof at one time. Difficult as was this financial problem, it was met and met splendidly. Annual memberships, life memberships, an annual Knights Templar charity ball, picnics, donations from the Grand Lodge, Grand Chapter and other bodies and individuals, and a few bequests, brought in funds sufficient not only to care for the children in the Home, but to make necessary repairs and additions to the buildings. A finer acceptance of financial responsibility, and a more successful fulfilling of that responsibility by a voluntary Board of Trustees would be difficult to discover. During the early years of the Illinois Masonic Orphans' Home there Charity and Benevolence 229 was growing among the members of the Lodges the feehng that there should be as definite a plan for the care of the aged brethren and their wives and widows as had been estabhshed for the orphans. In fact the question was under discussion twenty years before the orphans' home was founded. Grand Master Thomas J. Turner, in 1865, recom- mended that "steps be taken to found an asylum for aged, decrepit and decayed Masons," but his recommendation was not followed. In 1901 a special committee was appointed by Grand Master Chas. H. Hitchcock to study and report upon the bequest and to this com- mittee was referred the following momentous resolution proposed by Worshipful Brother Ralph H. Wheeler: WHEREAS, The organized Masonic charities of the Jurisdiction of IlHnois are now conducted wholly under private auspices and indepen- dent of Grand Lodge control or supervision, and WHEREAS, It is highly desirable that said Masonic charities should be oflBcially controlled and maintained by the Grand Lodge and under its immediate supervision; therefore be it RESOLVED, That the Grand Lodge of Illinois, A.F. & A.M., upon a proper transfer to it of all the property and efiFects of the Illinois Ma- sonic Orphans' Home and the Illinois Masonic Home for the Aged, will accept the trust of both these institutions and make suitable provisions for their maintenance. A period of rapid growth and development followed for both Homes after they had been taken over by the Grand Lodge. It soon became evident that the Home at Carroll Avenue and Sheldon Street would not be large enough, nor was it designed for the increasing number of children in its care; so it was decided to sell the original home and use the proceeds for the purchase of a new site and the erection of a new building. In 1909 the Grand Lodge approved the action of the special com- mittee which had been authorized to select and purchase a site for the new Orphans' Home. The committee had secured for $11,000 a tract of land comprising nearly four acres in the southeast part of the village of LaGrange, some fourteen miles from downtown Chicago. The building operations were begun and carried on with remark- able dispatch, and the cornerstone was laid with Masonic honors by Grand Master Albert B. Ashley, who convened an Occasional Grand Lodge for that purpose on April 30, 1910. In the words of the annual report made in October, 1910, to the Grand Lodge, The weather conditions were unpropitious, but in every other respect this historic event was conducted to a successful conclusion amid general 230 Freemasonry in Illinois rejoicing and with glad acclaim. With a silver trowel specially made and suitably inscribed for the use of the M.W. Grand Master the cement was spread whereby the chief stone of the comer found a secure and lasting resting place, marking the climax of more than twenty-five years of constant endeavor to provide a pcniianent Masonic Home for the orphan children of our deceased brethren whom fate would otherwise cast adrift on the troubled sea of life. On March 15, 1911, 78 children said their last good-bye to their home at 23 Bishop Court and took up their residence in their beautiful new Home on South Ninth Avenue and Goodman Avenue, LaGrange. Finally, on St. John's Day, June 24, 1911, v^ith stirring music by several Commandery bands, a great parade of Masons from all over Cook County, including Oriental Consistory 32°, Subhme Princes of the Royal Secret, Commanderies of Knights Templar, Councils of Royal and Select Masters, Chapters of Royal Arch Masons and a host of Lodges of Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, the home was appro- priately and impressively dedicated by the Most Worshipful Grand Lodge, and Grand Master Albert B. Ashley. Brother William White Wilson was Right Worshipful Grand Orator and Brother H. V. Holt acted as Grand Chaplain. Almost immediately upon the locating of the Home in LaGrange there arose a problem in connection with the education of the children. LaGrange was a village with a population of under six thousand, and it seemed to the taxpayers scarcely just to require them to pay for the education in the public schools of a large and growing group of child- ren brought to the Village from all parts of the State of Illinois. The trustees of the Home and the Board of Education not being able to reach a satisfactory agreement, the courts were turned to for a solution of the problem. The decision was entirely in favor of the Illinois Ma- sonic Orphans' Home, the court holding that all children are entitled to a public school education in the district where they live. The Grand Lodge having proved its right to use the city public schools gave the school board $6,000 to assist it in paying the expenses of the education of the children. This was continued until 1929 when the legislature provided for the payment from state school funds. The number of children under care in LaGrange grew year by year from 78 in 1911 to 314 in 1931, and the original building was soon filled practically to capacity. In 1919 the Grand Lodge authorized the erec- tion of two dormitories to adjoin the main building as wings on the north and south, and a boiler room on the east end of the property connected with the main building by a tunnel, all for the sum of Charity and Benevolence 231 $250,000. Adjoining the south dormitory and a part of that building, a hospital was erected which was made possible by the bequest of Brother John H. Millen, amounting to $32,406.75. Oriental Consistory, 32° Sublime Princes of the Royal Secret donated $16,000 at this time for the purchase of additional land adjoining the Home property, and three years later the entire block south of the Home was added through the generous donation of $20,000 by Medinah Temple, A.A.O.N.M.S. In 1927 another wing was added at a cost of approximately $100,000, providing living rooms and sleeping accommodations for three groups of younger boys as well as quarters for several employees. There were several other smaller additions during these years of expansion such as the concrete wading pool and pavilion presented by the Grand Chapter of Illinois, Royal Arch Masons, additions to the boiler room, a small brick building for manual training shop, garden implements and garage, and a 100 ton coal storage silo with a spur from the Indiana Harbor Belt Railway. Altogether the propert>^ of the Illinois Masonic Orphans' Home represents a total investment in land and buildings of over $580,000. Today the appraised replacement value of the buildings and equip- ment is $1,645,878.77. The Village of LaGrange most generously vacated parts of two streets which ran through the property of the Home. The number of children in the Illinois Masonic Orphans' Home which had been steadily increasing from the very beginning, after reaching a peak of 314 in 1931, started to decrease. Each year there- after for fourteen years more children graduated, or were removed from the Home for other reasons, than entered the Home until in 1945 only 52 remained. Then the trend turned upward again. The number under care on March 1, 1950 was 103. THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES Benjamin E. Patton President James Green Vice-President Arthur I, Peters Treasurer Richard C. Davenport Secretary Carrol T. Hughes Milton T. Sonntag THE ILLINOIS MASONIC ORPHANS' HOME LaGrange, Illinois 232 Freemasonry in Illinois THE BOARD OF MANAGERS Harry H. Talcott Chairman Carl B. Dunlap Treasurer Siegel C. Oxford Secretary Robert J. Daly Chairman Emeritus Fred S. Lynn Superintendent The Illinois Masonic Home In 1888 Brother Robert A. Miller of Sullivan Lodge No. 764, An- cient Free and Accepted Masons, provided in his will, that, at his death and the death of his wiie, his farm of 264 acres should go to the Most Worshipful Grand Lodge of Illinois to be used as a site for a home for needy, worthy Master Masons, their wives and widows. In 1891 Brother Miller passed to his reward and ten years later Mrs. Miller answered the summons. The will was then probated and the Grand Lodge accepted the farm. In 1903 the cornerstone for the first building, now known as the Men's Building, was laid, and in 1904 this building was dedicated and the first members were admitted. Thus the beginning of what we know as the Illinois Masonic Home. All the facilities of the Home were contained in the first building, the heating plant, light and water system, laundry, kitchen and dining room, office, reception rooms and superintendent's quarters. It did not take long to find that this was inadequate, and in 1907 the cornerstone was laid for the second building, now known as the Administration Building. In this building the first floor was used for offices, dining room, kitchen and the superintendent's quarters and the second floor was used for living quarters. In the basement of this building was the first provision for hospital care of our members. At the same time the present heating plant and power house was erected. In 1914 the cornerstone of the Royal Arch Memorial Hospital was laid and thus, through the generosity of the Grand Royal Arch Chapter, was provided a modern hospital or infirmary with a capacity of fifty beds for the benefit of members of the Home. The hospital was dedi- cated on July 5, 1915, and this was probably the red-letter day in the history of the Home, as it was estimated that more than five thousand Masons visited the Home on that day. In 1917 the cornerstone for the fourth building, the Ladies' Build- ing, was laid. This was completed and occupied in 1918. Ml'iis Building Adininistr.ition 15nil(lin