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 Samuel Stanhope Smith. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF 
 HAMPDEN-SIDNEY 
 
 CALENDAR OF 
 BOARD MINUTES 
 
 $14 
 
 1776-1876 
 
 By ALFRED J. MORRISON 
 
 RICHMOND, VA. 
 
 THE HERMITAGE PRESS 
 
 1912 
 
TO 
 
 THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES 
 
 IN THEIR CORPORATE 
 
 CAPACITY 
 
JOHN HAMPDEN 
 
 i 594-1643. 
 
 Vestigia Nulla Retrorsum. 
 
 ALGERNON SIDNEY 
 
 1 622- 1 683. 
 
 Sanctus Amor Patriae Dat Animutn. 
 
PREFACE 
 
 What are the origins and the fortunes of any idea that has 
 taken shape? These must be interesting questions always, and 
 not least so in the case of an academic institution in a new 
 country. Southside Virginia has been a tobacco country from 
 the first. Who have been those of the region that have been 
 formally identified with efforts looking to the maintenance of the 
 academic tradition? The following pages give an answer for 
 Hampden Sidney College, which, with William and Mary and 
 Washington and Lee, has survived in Virginia from a colonial 
 foundation. Hampden Sidney and Washington and Lee, repre- 
 senting the south and the west in the State, mark the beginnings of 
 the positive Revolution ; the history of William and Mary, stand- 
 ing for the colony, is now dim with the circumstances of age. 
 How have the three fared since the establishment of the Uni- 
 versity, and what have been the well-devised plans for collegiate 
 education in the State? What have been the vicissitudes? 
 
 This Calendar is no brief. In it may be found the facts for a 
 hundred years of the management by Trustees of one of the old- 
 est colleges in the country. Very few of these men are now 
 living, but the College exists no one can say how much because 
 they gave it their oversight. The history of an institution, even 
 if complete as histories go, would be but a partial record: the 
 forces making to that result are so numerous and involved that 
 a state of mind may easily be brought about. quite antagonistic 
 to the drawing up of any rational account of past conditions. 
 Action is the thing, and if a register of current acts is kept, little 
 more can be expected. And yet acts are related, often springing 
 one out of another, and it is desirable to trace the process. It is 
 not certain that historical tastes and aptitudes mean decadence in 
 the community — it is possible that the community is taking on 
 new life in several ways including the historical. At no time 
 has there been any lack of subjects for research in history, but 
 it is interesting to observe the forming of solidarities out of 
 which grows the historical feeling in specific directions. 
 
 This is a Calendar covering fifty years of the Old College and 
 fifty years of the New College of Hampden Sidney. 
 
PORTRAITS OF TRUSTEES 
 
 1. Samuel Stanhope Smith. Portrait by C. Lawrence. 
 
 2. John Blair Smith. Portrait owned by Union College, N. Y. '* * ^. 
 
 3. James Madison. Medallion by Ceracchi, 1793. 
 
 4. Thomas Read. Portrait reproduced by courtesy of Miss Eliza- 
 
 beth Venable, Jacksonville, Florida. 
 
 5. Patrick Henry. Engraving by Woodcock. 
 
 6. Samuel W. Venable. Portrait owned by Mrs. Charles Martin, 
 
 Rivermont, Lynchburg, Va. 
 
 7. Abram B. Venable. Portrait, supposed to be by Rembrandt Peale, 
 
 owned by W. H. Venable, Norfolk, Va. 
 
 8. Richard N. Venable. Portrait owned by W. H. Venable, Norfolk, Va. 
 
 9. Archibald Alexander. 
 
 10. Paul Carrington, Jr. Photograph of a portrait, by courtesy of Major 
 
 A. R. Venable, Hampden Sidney, Va. 
 
 11. John Holt Rice. Portrait by W. J. Hubard. 
 
 12. William L. Venable. Portrait owned by William G. Venable, Sher- 
 
 man, Texas. 
 
 13. Moses Hoge. Portrait, reproduced in General Catalogue, Union 
 
 Theological Seminary, Va., (whereabouts of original, unknown) 
 
 14. William H. Cabell. Engraving by St. Memin. 
 
 15. William S. Morton. Photograph, by courtesy of W. S. Morton, Rich- 
 
 mond, Va. 
 
 16. Jonathan P. Cushing. Portrait, owned by Philanthropic Society, pre- 
 
 sented to the Society by Richard N. Venable. 
 
 17. Henry E. Watkins. Photograph, by courtesy of Mrs. Charles 
 
 Martin, Rivermont, Lynchburg, Va. 
 
 18. Daniel L. Carroll. Drawing by A. Newsam, engraved by P. S. Duval. 
 
 19. William Maxwell. Portrait owned by Virginia Historical Society. 
 
 20. William S. Plumer. Engraving by A. H. Ritchie. 
 
 21. James P. Marshall. Photograph of a portrait, by courtesy of Mrs. 
 
 William Wirt Henry, Richmond, Va. 
 
 22. David Comfort. Photograph, by courtesy of Dr. A. J. McKelway, 
 
 Washington, D. C. 
 
 23. A. D. Dickinson. Photograph, by Courtesy of Thomas H. Dickinson, 
 
 Prince Edward Co., Va. 
 
 24. Lewis W. Green. Plate by courtesy of the Rev. Dr. Richard Mc- 
 
 Ilwaine, Richmond, Va. 
 
 25. Travis H. Epes. Photograph of a portrait, by courtesy of Mrs. J. S. 
 
 Hardaway, Sr., Nottoway Co., Va. 
 
 26. Archibald G. Mcllwaine. Photograph, by courtesy of the Rev. Dr. 
 
 Richard Mcllwaine, Richmond, Va. 
 
 27. Moses D. Hoge. Photograph. 
 
 28. John M. P. Atkinson. Photograph. 
 
 29. William Wirt Henry. Photograph. 
 
 30. Richard Mcllwaine. Photograph. 
 
NARRATIVE ORDERED BY THE 
 BOARD OF TRUSTEES 1 
 
 1774 
 
 Introduction. The cultivation of Science is ever esteemed 
 
 an object of great importance by the wise and 
 good. They who have turned their attention 
 to it with the most success are always the most 
 anxious to promote it amongst others. That 
 liberality of sentiment, that refinement of soul, 
 that capacity for public usefulness, and that 
 unaffected morality and religion, which usually 
 accompany real knowledge, are strong induce- 
 ments to the judicious, to desire an extensive 
 diffusion of its salutary influence. 
 
 The Presbyterian Clergy in Virginia have 
 uniformly aimed at this from their first settle- 
 ment in the country. In their collective capa- 
 city they are known by the name of the Pres- 
 ThePby. of Hanover bytery of Hanover: they have in general [a 
 anxious to promote good] share of learning, and have the pro- 
 [morality and reli- motion of morality and religion much at heart. 
 slon *' Engaged by such motives, they have repeatedly 
 
 instituted and patronized Seminaries of learn- 
 ing in their different circles. But the small de- 
 gree of influence which they possessed in the 
 older country under the establishment of an 
 But impeded by the Episcopal Church, and the. narrowness of their 
 old Episcopal estab- private fortunes, rendered their efforts of that 
 sort very feeble and no remarkable advantage 
 was derived from their small, local schools. 
 Convinced of the necessity of something 
 The design of erect- more extensive and popular, they endeavoured 
 ing an Acad' y enter- to erect and promote by subscription, a public 
 tained, with the rea- Academy; in which the various parts of Science 
 son lt " should be taught, and which should render edu- 
 
 cation more conveniently attainable, in coun- 
 ties remote from the seat of Government, where 
 
 ^his fragment was preserved by the late Dr. Dame, Rector of 
 Camden Parish, Danville, whose executors deposited it some years ago in 
 the College Library. Dr. Dame was a member of the Faculty of the 
 College about 1834. ' ' * 
 
CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 1774 
 
 The firit attempt in 
 1772 — but unsuccess- 
 ful. The next in the 
 year 1774 successful. 
 
 Mr. SamM S. Smith 
 a principal in the af- 
 fair. 
 
 His capacity. 
 
 The succesi of sub- 
 scriptions very great. 
 
 Reflexion upon the 
 preceding account. 
 Name of the Acad*y 
 
 Journal of these mat- 
 ters ordered to be 
 kept. 
 
 the College of William and Mary had been long 
 before established. In the year 1772 an attempt 
 of this kind was made, but thro' some fatality, 
 the benevolent design miscarried. Two years 
 afterwards when they had recovered a little 
 from their discouragement, [2] it was repeated 
 with greater success. 
 
 At this time the Rev. Samuel Stanhope 
 Smith arrived in Virginia: a man well quali- 
 fied in many respects for conducting such a 
 design. He had been for some years employed 
 as a Professor in the College of Nassau Hall, 
 New Jersey, with much credit, both on account 
 of his abilities and conduct. Tho' a young man, 
 he was fully equal to the task of superintend- 
 ing the scheme in contemplation. The Pres- 
 bytery, therefore, immediately turned their at- 
 tention to him as a principal in the affair. And 
 through their solicitation and the earnest de- 
 sire of many respectable characters amongst 
 the people, who had become acquainted with 
 his merit, Mr. Smith consented to take upon 
 him the direction of such an Institution as has 
 been mentioned; provided the expedient of a 
 subscription, in case it be tried, should succeed. 
 This measure was no sooner resolved on than 
 it was put into execution, and the success of 
 it was as great as it was unexpected. In a few 
 months several hundred pounds were sub- 
 scribed; with which, considerable buildings 
 were erected and a valuable collection of books 
 was procured for a Library to the Academy; 
 all which will more plainly appear in the 
 Journals which follow. Such was the original 
 of the Academy since distinguished by the name 
 Hampden-Sidney, expressive of those Ideas of 
 liberty, both civil and religious, which the In- 
 stitution was designed to cherish; and such 
 were the principles upon which it was erected. 
 The records of the Presbytery, as far as they 
 relate to this business are copied and subjoined 
 to this account, agreeable to an order of the 
 Trustees, for collecting, arranging, and insert- 
 ing all matters of consequence relating to the 
 Academy in this book. 1 
 
 ^ee Minutes, Board of Trustees, Dec. 19, 
 
 1712 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 
 
 1774 
 October 13. 
 
 The Pby. enter upon 
 the business of an 
 Academy. 
 
 Recommendation of 
 Mr. Smith, & 
 
 A request addressed 
 more particularly to 
 Pr. Edward [and 
 Cumberland Congre- 
 gations to collect] 
 subscriptions. 
 
 The effect of the re- 
 quest. 
 
 1775 
 
 Feb. 1st. 
 
 1300;£ subscribed in 
 less than 4 months. 
 
 400;£ applied to the 
 purchase of books, 
 &c. 
 
 [3] Extract from the minutes of the Pres- 
 bytery of Hanover, Cubb Creek. October 13, 
 
 1774. 
 
 "The Presbytery resumed the consideration 
 of a School for the liberal education of youth, 
 which we unanimously judge to be of great 
 and immediate importance. As we have been 
 favoured with the company of Mr. Saml. Stan : 
 Smith, a gentleman, who, we are well informed, 
 has taught a considerable time with approba- 
 tion in New Jersey College, and with pleasure 
 find that he is inclinable to take the charge of 
 such a Seminary if he is properly encouraged: 
 we think it expedient therefore to recommend to 
 our Congregations of Cumberland and Prince 
 Edward in particular, and to all others in gen- 
 eral, to set subscriptions on foot, for the pur- 
 pose of procuring a Library, with a Philosophi- 
 cal and Mathematical apparatus, and other 
 things necessary in such an undertaking. And 
 whenever there shall be proper encouragement 
 of this sort, and Mr. Smith or any other proper 
 person can be engaged; we shall gladly concur 
 to establish a Seminary in Prince Edward, or 
 the upper end of Cumberland County and take 
 it under our care." Caleb Wallace, Clerk. 
 
 In consequence of the recommendation of 
 the Presbytery a large and generous subscrip- 
 tion was speedily obtained, chiefly in the coun- 
 ties of Charlotte, Prince Edward, and Cumber- 
 land, so that in the month of Feb: following, 
 we find them actually applying the money to the 
 original design ; as appears from the following 
 Extract. 
 
 At a session of the Presbytery of Hanover 
 in Prince Edward County, February 1, 1775: 
 
 "The Presbytery, upon enquiry, find, that 
 above 1300:6 is already subscribed towards 
 erecting an Academy, etc., and that consider- 
 able additions are expected. 
 
 They then proceeded to consider how it 
 would be most proper to lay out the money, and 
 where to establish the Institution. 
 
 Ordered that 400^ be applied to purchase 
 such books and Mathematical and Philosophi- 
 cal apparatus as are more immediately neces- 
 
10 
 
 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 1775 
 
 Feb. 1st. 
 
 Agents appointed to 
 purchase books, &c. 
 
 2d. 
 
 A place chosen by 
 the Pby. to erect the 
 Academy upon. 
 
 Persons appointed to 
 draw plans of houses, 
 &c, &c. 
 
 Others to secure the 
 d o n at e d land by 
 Deed. 
 
 Reason for appoint- 
 ing Trustees. 
 
 The names of the 
 Trustees appointed. 
 
 sary. [4] And considering that the non-im- 
 portation agreement may continue a consider- 
 able timp, we entrust Mr. Saml. Stan: Smith 
 to purchase such books and apparatus, in the 
 Northern Provinces, by and with the advice 
 and concurrence of the Revd. Robert Smith 
 of Pequea, in Pennsylvania, the Revd. Robert 
 Davidson, and Mr. John Bayard, Merchant, 
 both of the city of Philadelphia ; and the Revd. 
 Doctor John Rodgers and Mr. Samuel Broome 
 of the city of New York, or any two of them. 
 And we also request that the Trustees here- 
 after nominated, and Messrs. Joseph Morton, 
 James Allen, William Smith, Warren Walker, 
 William Morton, and Robert Goode, collect the 
 said 40o£ or borrow it upon interest and trans- 
 mit it to Philadelphia, to the said Saml. Stan: 
 Smith, before the first day of next May." 
 Feb: 2d 
 
 "The Presbytery after viewing several places 
 shewn them by the Gentlemen here, agree to 
 build an academy, [with a] dwelling house for 
 the Rector, and other necessary houses to the 
 amount of the subscriptions, at the head of 
 Hudson's branch in this County (Pr: Edwd.), 
 upon an hundred acres of land, given for that 
 purpose by Mr. Peter Johnson — and we en- 
 trust the said P. Johnston, Col. John Nash, 
 Junr, Mr. James Allen, Sr, Capt. John Morton, 
 and Capt. Nathl. Venable, or any three of them, 
 to draw plans of these houses and let them: to 
 the lowest bidder, after giving proper notice to 
 the public. And we also entrust Col. Jno. Nash, 
 Jr., Mr. Jas. Allen Sr., Capt. Jno. Morton, and 
 Capt. Nathl. Venable, or any three of them,, to 
 have the above named 100 acres of land meas- 
 ured and bounded, and the title secured for 
 the purposes for which it was given. 
 
 And as several members of this Presbytery 
 live at too great a distance from each other, to 
 meet together frequently to consult the af- 
 fairs of the Academy: We appoint the Revd. 
 Messrs. Richard Sankey, John Todd, Caleb 
 Wallace and Samuel Leake; and Mr. Peter 
 Johnson, Colo. Paul Carrington, Col. John 
 Nash Jr., Cap : John Morton, Cap : Nathl. Ven- 
 able, Col: Thomas Read, Mr. James Venable, 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 
 
 ii 
 
 1775 
 
 Seven a Quorum. 
 Their powers. 
 
 Reservation of the 
 Pby. 
 
 Feb. 3d. 
 
 Mr. S. S. Smith 
 chosen the Rector, 
 and appointed with 
 others to procure as- 
 sistants. 
 
 The original [ 
 Tuition. 
 
 ]of 
 
 The mode of its ap- 
 pointment. 
 
 Declaration of the 
 Pby. of Catholicism 
 and liberality in their 
 design. 
 
 Mr. Francis Watkins, and the Rector ex efficio, 
 Trustees of the Academy — Seven of these 
 Trustees shall be a Quorum : they are to col- 
 lect the subscriptions, [5] expend the monies, 
 and conduct all the affairs of the Academy in 
 behalf of the Presbytery ; they are also to keep 
 a fair book of accounts, and all the transac- 
 tions relating to the Academy : The Presbytery 
 reserving to themselves forever, the privilege of 
 choosing the Trustees and the Rector with his 
 assistants. The Clerk is ordered to send a 
 copy of this minute to the above named Gen- 
 tlemen, and in behalf of the Presbytery, to 
 solicit their acceptance." 
 
 Feb : 3d. 
 
 "The Presbytery choose Mr. Saml. St : Smith 
 Rector of the Pr: Edward Academy, and we 
 entrust the said Smith, and the Revd. Robert 
 Smith of Pennsylvania, and Mr. William 
 Churchill Houston, Professor in New Jersey 
 College, or any two of them, to choose assis- 
 tants. And we also agree that tuition be fixed 
 at 4£ pr. annum, for each scholar; 20 shillings 
 of which shall be paid on the day of entrance ; 
 and we also agree that all the tuition monies 
 shall be divided between the Rector and his 
 assistants, at the discretion of the Trustees, 
 until they shall think proper to regulate the 
 matter otherwise. 
 
 The Presbytery having for a long time had 
 the Education of youth in these upper Counties 
 much at heart, and having succeeded so far 
 in our endeavours to promote [it as to] do 
 something very considerable towards erecting 
 an academy in Prince-Edward County, where 
 we expect every branch of learning will be 
 taught to advantage on the most Catholic plan ; 
 and whereas some Gentlemen who are unac- 
 quainted with our sentiments, may encourage 
 this Seminary with reluctance because it is to 
 be under the protection and patronage of this 
 Presbytery ; we take this opportunity to declare, 
 that tho' the strictest regard shall be paid to 
 the morals of the youth, and divine worship 
 conducted evening and morning in the Pres- 
 byterian mode, [on] the other hand, all pos- 
 sible care shall be taken that no [ | in- 
 
12 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 fluence be used by any member of this Pres- 
 bytery, [the Rector] of the Academy or his 
 assistants to bias the [judgment of any of] 
 the students; but that all of every denomina- 
 tion [shall fully] [6] enjoy their own religious 
 sentiments, and be at liberty to attend that 
 mode of public worship, that either custom or 
 conscience makes the most convenient to them." 
 
 Thus we have seen the foundation of the 
 future work very happily laid. The commence- 
 ment of the dispute between Great Britain and 
 America at this time formed in some measure 
 a coalition of religious parties. At least all 
 orders of men who were determined to defend 
 the liberties of their Country found that they 
 needed each other's assistance, and this grad- 
 ually introduced liberal sentiments, which were 
 favourable to the promotion of the academy; 
 and we find amlbngst the subscribers a great 
 number of names, which belonged to different 
 religious denominations. The subscription 
 papers were generally in one form, with the 
 extract of the minutes of the Pby. at Cubb- 
 Creek for their Preamble. For the satisfaction 
 of the curious, an abbreviated copy of one of 
 these papers differing a little from the rest in 
 its form is here subjoined. 
 
 Nov:r 12, 1774. 
 "In the Academy which Mr. Smith has the 
 prospect of conducting in Pr: Edwd. county, 
 according to the request and appointment of 
 the Presbytery of Hanover, if he meets with 
 the encouragement he expects; shall be taught 
 the Greek and Latin languages to their great- 
 est extent; and all the sciences which are 
 usually studied, at any College, or Academy, 
 on the Continent. He proposes to teach 
 Geography in greater perfection, than, he is 
 well assured, it is done in the major parts of 
 our Institutions of learning ; and so as to render 
 it an excellent handmaid to the extensive and 
 useful study of History ; which with the science 
 of Chronology shall be attended to. Mathe- 
 matical learning he has made himself master 
 of; and designs to teach those who choose, 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 13 
 
 Arithmetic and Algebra; and Geometry applied 
 particularly to surveying. This will prepare 
 the way for the study of Natural Philosophy 
 in all its branches ; after which he will instruct 
 them in the important studies of Eloquence, 
 Criticism, and the science of Morals. He does 
 not propose to undertake the superintendency 
 of this Academy till he is enabled to procure 
 one or two Gentlemen of approved abilities, 
 whom he has in his view, from the Northward, 
 to assist [ ] will readily perceive 
 
 the necessity of a large Library [ J Philo- 
 sophical and Mathematical apparatus in order 
 
i 4 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 From the Virginia Gazette, issues for October and December 
 
 1775: 
 
 AN ACADEMY. 
 
 Prince Edward, September 1st, 1775. 
 
 By the generous exertion of several gentlemen in this and 
 some of the neighboring counties, very large contributions have 
 lately been made for erecting and supporting a public Academy, 
 near the Courthouse, in this county. Their zeal for the interests 
 of learning and virtue has met with such success that they were 
 enabled to let the buildings in March last to several undertakers, 
 who are proceeding in their work with the greatest expedition, 
 A very valuable library of the best writers, both ancient and 
 modern, on most parts of science and polite literature, is already 
 procured, with part of an apparatus to facilitate the studies of 
 the Mathematics and Natural Philosophy. The Academy will 
 certainly be opened on the 10th of next November. It is to 
 be distinguished by the name of Hampden Sidney, and will be 
 subject to the visitation of twelve gentlemen of character and 
 influence in their respective counties, the immediate and acting 
 merrtbers being chiefly of the Church of England. The number 
 of visitors and trustees will probably be increased as soon as 
 the distraction of the times shall so far cease as to enable its 
 patrons to enlarge its foundations. The students will all board 
 and study under the same roof, provided for by a common 
 steward, except such as choose to take their boarding in the 
 country. The rates, at the utmost, will not exceed £10 currency 
 per annum to the steward, and £4 tuition money, 20 shillings 
 of this being always paid at entrance. 
 
 The system of education will resemble that which is adopted 
 in the College of New Jersey, save that a more particular atten- 
 tion shall be paid to the cultivation of the English language than 
 is usually done in places of public education. Three Masters 
 and Professors are ready to enter in November, and as many 
 more may be easily procured as the increased number of students 
 may at any time hereafter require. And our prospects at present 
 are so extremely flattering that it is probable we shall be obliged 
 to procure two Professors more before the expiration of the 
 year. 
 
 The public may rest assured that the whole shall be conducted 
 on the most catholic plan. Parents of every denomination may 
 be at full liberty to require their children to attend on any mode 
 of worship which either custom or conscience has rendered most 
 agreeable to them'. For our fidelity, in every respect, we are 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 15 
 
 cheerfully willing to pledge our reputation to the public, which 
 may be the more relied on, because our whole success depends 
 upon their favorable opinion. Our character and interest, there- 
 fore being both at stake, furnish a strong security for our 
 avoiding all party instigations, for our care to form good men 
 and good citizens on the common and universal principles of 
 morality, distinguished from the narrow tenets which form the 
 complexion of any sect, and for our assiduity in the whole circle 
 of education. 
 
 Samuel S. Smith. 
 
 P. S. — The principal building of the Academy not being yet 
 completed, those gentlemen who desire their children to enter im- 
 mediately will be obliged to take lodgings for them in the 
 neighborhood, during the winter session, which may be done in 
 houses sufficiently convenient, on very reasonable terms. 
 
 TO THE PRINTERS. 
 
 Gentlemen — I have read in your Gazette, for some weeks 
 past, an advertisement from Prince Edward county, intimating 
 that an Academy will certainly be opened in that county on the 
 10th of November next, for the instruction of youth, which, as 
 it is a laudable design, ought to be encouraged. For certain 
 it is, that public schools, under proper regulations, might prove 
 extremely advantageous. But as I am sensible that some worthy 
 gentlemen, who, by their generous contributions, endeavoring 
 to promote this undertaking, have not been sufficiently aware of 
 the evil consequences that might arise from the way and manner 
 in which it is intended to be conducted, I think it my duty, as 
 a member of society, to point out some of them, and appeal 
 to the impartial public, whether it is not every man's duty to 
 prevent all probable future, as well as present, evils by all 
 lawful means in his power. 
 
 And in compliance with my duty, though unwilling to offend 
 any man, I must observe, that I think it inconsistent with 
 prudence or good policy to suffer a dissenter to teach in any 
 of our public schools, much less to act as President, both which 
 are intended to take place in the Prince Edward Academy. 
 
 Mr. Smith's character as a man, (as far as I know) may be 
 unexceptionable, but still, as a Presbyterian, his confessions of 
 faith show that he believes and professes doctrines which are 
 not only repugnant to the doctrines of the Church of England, 
 but, in my opinion, even subversive of morality. * * * 
 
 Whether it is proper, then, that the education of our youth' 
 should be entrusted to those who believe such doctrines, or profess 
 
i6 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 to believe them, let every parent who has the spiritual interest 
 of his child at heart determine. Among the different sciences 
 proposed to be taught at this school, the study of divinity is 
 mentioned as one, and can it be supposed that a dissenting 
 clergyman, acting under the direction and subject to the control 
 of a Presbytery of Dissenters, who are visitors of this school, 
 viz., the Presbytery of Hanover, is a proper person to bring up 
 students for the Church of England? Can the most extensive 
 charity suppose that he will approve of the doctrines of a church 
 with which he will not hold communion? The probable conse- 
 quence of employing dissenting ministers would be that we 
 should see dissenters in a short time in gowns and cassocks, 
 eating the bread of a church to which they are no friends. Of 
 which, it is said, there are some instances in the country at this 
 time, who prove by their conduct that an increase of their number 
 would be no blessing. No dissenter can complain as long as 
 they are permitted the free exercise of their religion without 
 molestation, but where their strides evidently tend to secure the 
 establishment in their favor, they need not wonder if they are 
 opposed by all who prefer the present establishment to them. 
 
 If gentlemen of fortune in the lower parts of the country, 
 should remove their families to the back counties during the 
 continuance of the civil war, it is more than probable that several 
 of their children would be sent to the Prince Edward School, 
 for want of a better opportunity, and it is an universal remark 
 that youth are generally prejudiced in favor of the school in which 
 they are educated, and are very apt to imbibe and defend their 
 master's sentiments. If this school should meet with that en- 
 couragement which Mr. Smith seems to intimate in his advertise- 
 ment, we might reasonably expect, in a few years, to see our 
 Senate-house, as well as pulpits, filled with dissenters; and thus 
 they might, by an easy transition, secure the establishment in 
 their own favor. To those that think this hardly possible, let 
 me observe, that small evils, long neglected, have often proved 
 fatal. Therefore, I would advise, not as a dictator, but as a 
 friend to mankind in general, and to this colony in particular, 
 that every member of the Church of England, who is a subscriber 
 to this school, would withhold his contribution till the school 
 is put under the care of masters who are all members of the 
 Church of England. For to suppose that a dissenter is a proper 
 tutor to bring up members for the Church of England, is full 
 as absurd as it would be to assert that to establish Popery in 
 Quebec is the most effectual method to proselyte the inhabitants 
 to the Protestant faith. I am gentlemen, 
 
 Your very humble servant, 
 
 Luther. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 17 
 
 TO THE PRINTERS. 
 
 Gentlemen — I ami not under the least apprehension that I shall 
 suffer any injury by the production of a certain Luther, in your 
 Gazette of the 18th instant, which carries upon it the visible 
 features of malice and disappointment. Unless the honesty of 
 the man's principles, in piously exhorting "the subscribers to 
 the Academy to withhold their contributions," should merit a 
 little encomium, there is but one insinuation in his performance 
 to which I shall pay the least regard. He supposes that the 
 Presbytery of Hanover are to be "visitors" of the Academy, 
 directly contrary to the assurance which I gave to the public 
 in my advertisement. Although I might rely upon my credit 
 with the world, at least as much as a man who seems afraid 
 to acknowledge his name ; yet, because the insinuation is plausible, 
 I shall explain that matter. It is true the Presbyterian clergy 
 first concerted the measure, as friends to the interests of learning 
 and virtue, which had lain neglected long enough, and under 
 their auspices it acquired considerable maturity. But, far from 
 being governed by contracted notions, that they might extend 
 the utility of the institution, they have now yielded the power 
 of visitation and of managing the general concern of the 
 Academy, into the hands of trustees, who are chiefly members 
 of the Church of England. Let him produce an instance of 
 equal candor from; those of any other church. On his narrow 
 principles we could form no very flattering hopes, who will not 
 suffer a dissenter, though ever so well qualified, to have any 
 connection with the management of a place of education. And 
 so great is his zeal upon this head, that he makes no scruples to 
 recommend the grossest iniquity to rob them even of the smallest 
 share in an institution which they have the .merit of erecting, 
 and the still greater merit of establishing on a Catholic plan. 
 I hope I have already given assurances to the public of the candor 
 of my intentions, and of the Catholicism of the principles I shall 
 inculcate in the course of education. If there yet remains a 
 scruple in the minds of any of the good people of this colony, 
 I shall not attempt to remove it by replying to anonymous 
 scribblers, but by my practice and the reputation of my scholars. 
 And if any man hereafter shall think proper to vent his slanders 
 under the concealment of a feigned name, he shall enjoy the 
 glory of the combat and the victory to himself. He merits 
 no attention from the public, nor from m<e. 
 
 Samuel S. Smith. 
 
18 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 Hampden Sidney, November 23, 1775. 
 
 At a meeting of the trustees of this Academy, held on the 
 10th instant, Captain Phil: Holcombe was elected steward. The 
 steward is appointed to furnish wholesome diet to the students^ 
 one-half of the meat at least to be fresh, and one-half of the 
 bread to be made of the fine flour of wheat. And he obliges 
 himself to furnish servants to keep their rooms clean and in 
 good order, for which services he is to receive at the rate of 
 eight pounds currency per annum, forty shillings of this always 
 to be paid at the beginning of the year, to enable him to procure 
 good provisions and at a cheap rate. 
 
 The students will be obliged to provide their own beds, or to 
 pay a moderate hire for them, and to buy their own candles* 
 and washing, which they may do at a small expense. For some 
 years they will be permitted to take their wood off the land 
 belonging to the Academy gratis. I have the pleasure to inform 
 the public that, notwithstanding the principal building of the 
 Academy is at present so incomplete, the steward will remove 
 his family thither immediately, and before the 1st of January 
 he Will be able, with the assistance of a few neighbors, who 
 live well, and are within less than two miles of Hampden Sidney, 
 to accommodate all the young gentlemen who may be put under 
 my care. I presume we shall not need the assistance of the 
 neighborhood longer than till next summer, when the buildings 
 will be chiefly erected. 
 
 Samuel Stan : Smith. 
 
 N. B. — I have taken care to furnish the library with all the 
 school books that are necessary in the course of education, which 
 the students may make use of at a very moderate annual rate* 
 and save themselves a great expense in buying books. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 19 
 
 "A petition of sundry inhabitants of the County of Prince Ed- 
 ward, whose names are thereunto subscribed [the first petition 
 of dissenters to the House of Delegates] was presented to the 
 House and read, setting forth, that they heartily approve and 
 cheerfully submit themselves to the form of government adopted 
 for this State, and hope that the United American States will 
 long continue free and independent; * * * that justice to 
 themselves and posterity makes it their indispensable duty in 
 particular to entreat, that, without delay, all church establish- 
 ments might be pulled down, and every tax upon conscience and 
 private judgment abolished, and each individual left to rise or sink 
 by his own merit, and the general laws of the land." — Journal of 
 the House of Delegates of Virginia, October 11, 1776. 
 
CALENDAR. 
 
 At a Board of Trustees Sept. 26th, 1776. 
 
 Present, the Revd. Messrs. Samuel S. Smith, Archd. Mc- 
 Robert, Caleb Wallace, Colo. Paul Carrington, Mr. Natl. Vena- 
 ble, Mr. Jas. Venable, and Frs. Watkins. 
 
 Messrs. McRobert, Smith, Venable, and Watkins, a committee 
 to draw up a Memorial of the present state of Hampden Sidney 
 College to be laid before the next Convention, General Assembly, 
 and to solicit their countenance for help. Nathaniel Venable 
 and Paul Carrington have leave to build an house on the Academy 
 land — for their sons or others as students (for the use of the 
 Academy). 
 
 Treasurer's acc't read. Bal. to Debit, £36.7.10^. 
 
 t Journal of the House of Delegates of Virginia. 
 Williamsburg: Alexander Purdie. p. 79. 
 
 Saturday, November 16, 1776, 
 . A memorial of the trustees of the Academy of Hamp- 
 den-Sidney, in the County of Prince Edward, was presented to 
 the House, and read; setting forth, that a considerable number 
 of gentlemen in that and the neighboring counties, convinced of 
 the importance of polite literature to their children and their 
 country, and of the difficulty of acquiring it in their remote situa- 
 tion, have by their own efforts, and the private contributions they 
 were able to collect, erected an academy for that purpose, which 
 is distinguished by the name of Hamlpden-Sidney, in memory of 
 those great patrons of liberty and letters; that the rapid growth, 
 and the general reputation into which it hath risen, in a short 
 time, have rendered it, they hope, an object not unworthy the 
 attention of the Legislature of Virginia; that literature, at all 
 times ornamental, is now justly considered as necessary to the 
 existence and stability of this rising Commonwealth, and may 
 therefore claim the encouragement as well as the protection of 
 her laws. 
 
 That they are aware of the expenses that attend a war in the 
 infancy of a government, and commenced under every disadvant- 
 age, wherein we were involved by the security into which our 
 innocence had misled us; but that, even under the growing load 
 
John Blair Smith. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 21 
 
 of publick debt, there are reasons which seemed to them to 
 justify and render necessary the present application. That in the 
 course of human life, and during the ravages of a destructive 
 war, it is very uncertain how many of those who now fill our 
 civil and military departments may survive the calamities of their 
 country ; and that it is a fact well known, and regretted in many 
 counties, that few remain behind capable of supplying the places 
 of those who shall be torn from the Commonwealth by death 
 or by war. That our resources for education from Britain are 
 cut off. That the prospect of leaving an extensive republick 
 young and unexperienced, before it hath acquired stability, to be 
 guided by the councils and defended by the arms of unskilful and 
 unlettered men, is too unfavorable to be indulged by any lover 
 of his country. That it may be too late to seek a remedy for the 
 evil at the termination of the war, an event that is uncertain, 
 and may be remote. That they do not forget there is already 
 a college amply endowed, but it is at present, and for a long 
 time may be, too near the seat of danger, and too much in the 
 midst of camps, to render its country that service it would other- 
 wise be capable of doing. That if every circumstance of situa- 
 tion and of common opinion were united in its favour, wise 
 politicians will remember that it is dangerous to entrust so im- 
 portant a power as learning in the hands of a single person, or 
 only a few. That those who are acquainted with the history of 
 England well know that the rivalship of Cambridge and Oxford 
 hath more than once preserved the liberties of that kingdom, 
 which might have fallen a sacrifice if one of them had possessed 
 the sole prerogative of education. That besides, they conceive 
 knowledge should be diffused as equally and as extensively as 
 possible among the people. That their designs carry in them no 
 opposition to any place, or party of men ; their system is catholick, 
 and calculated to banish those insidious distinctions, which, how- 
 ever little they may have been felt under a monarchical govern- 
 ment, are improper and injurious in a republick State. That 
 they do not claim to be set on a footing that will rival the publick 
 seminary which is already established, their publick services not 
 having yet merited it ; they only pray the Legislature will enable 
 them to erect such buildings as are necessary to accommodate the 
 great number of students who daily apply for admission into the 
 academy, and whose hopes of an education are likely to be frus- 
 trated through the want of room for their reception ; and that they 
 may be placed on such a stage where they may have an oppor- 
 tunity of convincing the publick whether the interests of educa- 
 tion are likely to suffer in their management, or whether their 
 industry and success in the service of their country will be such 
 as to deserve their future favour and indulgence. That con- 
 siderably more than one hundred students have already applied 
 
22 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 to be received at the commencement of the next session, and that 
 they have the greatest reason to believe that number might be 
 doubled, in a few months, if it were in the power of the Board to 
 furnish them with proper accommodations. That it is their 
 opinion they could serve the institution better, if the Legislature 
 should be pleased to erect the Board into a corporate body, and to 
 grant the masters such usual exemptions as are deemed necessary 
 to large literary societies. That they do not however urge these 
 matters, trusting that the wisdom and zeal of the House for the 
 publick welfare will perform! whatever is consistent with good 
 government, and the more important exigencies of the Common- 
 wealth.] 
 
 At a Board of Trustees Deer. 18th 1776. 
 
 Present, the Revd. Messrs. David Rice and Samuel S. Smith, 
 Colo. Nash, Mr. Peter Johnson, Mr. Nathl. Venable, Mr. Jas. 
 Venable, and Frans. Watkins. 
 
 Mr. President and his assistant teachers have divided the 
 money for the present year for schooling. 
 
 Application made by Capt. Holcombe, Steward; for the Academy, 
 'that this Board should consider his allowance for boarding the 
 students, and moved that such further allowance may be made 
 for the ensuing year as from the advanced price of provisions 
 and other necessaries for their Diet they may think reasonable/ 
 Allowance, £g, not increased, and diet strictly prescribed — diets 
 as heretofore for breakfast and supper, 'not suitable but very 
 unfit for students/ 
 
 At a Board of Trustees at H. Sidney Academy March nth, 
 1777, in consequence of the Steward's notice. 
 Colo. John Nash, President. 
 
 Present, Revd. Richd. Synkey, Revd. Caleb Wallace, Peter 
 Johnson, Jas. Venable, Rev. David Rice, Revd. S. S. Smith, Natl. 
 Venable, Frans. Watkins. 
 
 Capt. Wm. Bibb, the lowest bidder, appointed Steward from 
 the 1st of July next. 
 
 At a Board of Trustees at Hampden Sidney Academy, April 
 nth 1777. 
 
 Present, Revd. Messrs. David Rice and Caleb Wallace, Mr. 
 Peter Johnson, Mr. Jno. Morton, Mr. Natl. Venable, Mr. Jas. 
 Venable, and Frans. Watkins. 
 
 Capt. John Morton chosen President pro tempore in the room 
 of Colo. John Nash, absent. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 23 
 
 Memorial to last General Assembly withdrawn. Committee 
 (Paul Carrington, John Morton, James Madison, Jr., Natl. Vena- 
 t>le, Fran. Watkins) to draw scheme for a Lottery, for addi- 
 tional buildings. Members of Board to solicit donations from the 
 publick for the finishing a chapel, and paying Steward [Capt. 
 Philemon Holcombe] for improvements made. Mr. Venable 
 appointed to agree with some workman for building a chapel. 
 
 [Broadside, printed in supplement to Virginia Gazette, July 25, 
 1777. 
 
 HAMPDEN SIDNEY 
 LOTTERY. 
 
 1 Prize of 2000 Dollars, 2000 Dollars 
 
 2 
 
 
 1000 
 
 2000 
 
 4 
 
 
 500 
 
 2000 
 
 6 
 
 
 200 
 
 1200 
 
 10 
 
 
 100 
 
 1000 
 
 20 
 
 
 50 
 
 1000 
 
 30 
 
 
 25 
 
 75o 
 
 100 
 
 
 15 
 
 1500 
 
 1000 
 
 
 10 
 
 1 0000 
 
 1310 
 
 Prizes 
 
 5 
 
 6550 
 
 2483 
 
 28000 
 
 3ii7 
 
 Blanks 
 
 
 
 5600 Tickets 5 Dollars each 
 
 Deduction 4200 Dollars £1260 
 
 The Lottery is permitted by an act of the 'General Assembly 
 of Virginia for the purpose of raising i26o£ to be laid out in 
 erecting additional buildings to the academy of H amp den-Sidney, 
 in the county of Prince Edward. That academy was set on foot 
 by the private donations of a number of gentlemen, who consid- 
 ered the importance of polite literature to their children and 
 their country, and the difficulty of acquiring it. Their efforts, 
 and the faithful discharge of duty in the teachers and professors, 
 have been attended with such success, that this seminary hath 
 gained general credit and reputation. Nothing remains necessary 
 to complete the work, so as to be of general utility, but sufficient 
 additional buildings for the reception and entertainment of a 
 great number of students who wish to be admitted. As every 
 person must be convinced of the importance and necessity of 
 education and literary improvement, it is not doubted that this 
 scheme will meet with the approbation of all well-wishers to 
 
24 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 society, and that they will forward this generous design by be- 
 coming adventurers. 
 
 The managers appointed are, Paul Carrington, William Cabell, 
 James Madison, Junr., John Morton, Thomas Read, Nathaniel 
 V enable, and Francis Watkins, gentlemen, or any four of them, 
 who are to give bond with security, and take an oath, well ancf 
 faithfully to discharge their trust, and for paying to the fortunate 
 adventurers the prizes that may be drawn, deducting 15 per cent. 
 for the money intended to be raised by the scheme. The draw- 
 ing will be at the courthouse of Prince Edward county, and so 
 soon as the tickets are disposed of, notice of the time will be 
 published in the Virginia Gazette. 
 
 Tickets are to be had of any of the managers, and at the 
 Post Office in Williamsburg. 
 
 N. B. All prizes not demanded within four months after 
 publication will be deemed generous donations for the purpose 
 of the scheme.] 
 
 At a Board of Trustees of Hampden S. Academy (at the particu- 
 lar request of Mr. Jno. Springer) May 17th 1777. 
 
 Present, Colo. Nash, President, the Revd. Messrs. Archd. Mc- 
 Robert and Caleb Wallace, Mr. Peter Johnson, Mr. Natl. Venable, 
 Mr. James Venable, and Frans. Watkins. 
 
 Mr. Springer's candour in giving information against himself 
 regarding his indiscretion at a tavern in New London on the 
 1 8th day of last month. Mr. Springer, after suspension, to be 
 restored to his office of assistant teacher. 
 
 At a session of the Board at Hampden Sidney, July 22d, 1777. 
 
 Present, Colo. John Nash, President, Revd. Archd. McRobert, 
 and Saml S. Smith, Colo. Thos. Read, Capt. Jno. Morton, Mr. 
 Natl. Venable, and Frans. Watkins. 
 
 Capt. Wm. Bibb hath leave to put two additional rooms to the 
 house Capt. Holcombe resided in, and to add 16 ft. to the dining 
 room. Work to be valued by arbitration. 
 
 At a session of a Board of Trustees at Hampden Sidney, Deer, 
 nth, 1777. Present, Colo. John Nash, President, the Revd. 
 Messrs. Rice, Synkey, Caleb Wallace, and Saml. S. Smith, Capt. 
 Jno. Morton, Mr. Natl. Venable, Mr. Jas. Venable, and Frans. 
 Watkins. 
 
 Another Steward to be employed. The present Steward's re- 
 fusal to comply with his agreement in every part, makes it neces- 
 sary to discontinue him in the midst of the year for which he 
 had engaged. Increased cost of provisions. Price of boarding 
 
James Madison. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 25 
 
 advanced to £20 per scholar per annum. Diet prescribed. 
 Breakfast at 8 o'clock. Dinner at 1 o'clock. Supper at 8 o'clock. 
 Three of the teachers to be boarded free from charges. Steward 
 exempt from dieting for 9 weeks in the year (the vacation). If 
 students depart this life or enter the service, advanced money to 
 be refunded. Trustees to visit the diets. 1 
 
 1 Of the first staff of instructors were several recent graduates of the 
 College of New Jersey — David Witherspoon (a son of Dr. Witherspoon, 
 of Scotland and Princeton), Samuel Doak, and John Springer, besides 
 the brothers Samuel Stanhope and John Blair Smith. The first Presi- 
 dent, Samuel Stanhope Smith, remained in charge of the Academy four 
 years, returning in 1779 to Princeton, of which he became President in 
 1795. He was succeeded at Hampden Sidney by John Blair Smith, a 
 man of great courage and force of charactei, during whose administra- 
 tion the Academy was chartered as a College. There was no earlier 
 distinctively college charter still in force granted by any legislative body 
 in the Southern States, at least south of Maryland. 
 
 In the vacation of 1777 John Blair Smith, with a company of students 
 of which he was captain, marched to Williamsburg to defend the coun- 
 try. As the event was, their services were not needed [See Virginia 
 Magazine of History and Biography, XVII, 442]. The Academy seems 
 never to have been closed, during a whole session, on account of the 
 war. The records of the Board of Trustees, as shown, are incomplete 
 for the years 1777-1782. But Dr. Foote, in the first volume of his 
 Sketches, p. 400, adduces evidence for the continuity of the exercises of 
 the Academy during that period. 
 
 With the exception of John Blair Smith the first staff of instructors 
 had disappeared by 1779. It is possible that James Mitchell and Charles 
 Wingfield, appointed Tutors in 1776 and 1778, may have assisted Presi- 
 dent Smith after 1779. It is possible that President Smith was the sole 
 instructor, or that his assistants from 1780 to 1784 have been forgotten. 
 Of the first group, John Springer became a teacher and preacher in 
 South Carolina and Georgia — very much of a pioneer in those activities 
 in the up country south of the Savannah river. Of Samuel Doak, 
 founder of the first literary institution in the Mississippi Valley, it is 
 stated : "No man of his generation perhaps did so much for the education 
 of Tennessee or exercised such a beneficent influence." [Merriam, 
 Higher Education in Tennessee.. Bulletin, Bureau of Eudcation, 1893, 
 p. 227.] 
 
 This lacuna in the Board Minutes during the war was due in part 
 to the great difficulty of the question of 'Diets.' Where Diets are a 
 vanishing quantity there cannot well be a number of consumers, of the 
 student class. Thus early the matter of Commons was vexed. It con- 
 tinued to be so during times of peace as well as of war. The whole 
 subject is an instance of how natural laws may not be disregarded: eat- 
 ing in commons is no business for boys. Long ago the celebrated Dr. 
 Cooper said to the Board of Trustees of South Carolina College — 
 "the College is in yearly jeopardy of being destroyed by the disputes 
 about eating." As for the period, 1 777-1 782, it is to be remembered that 
 the students of Yale College were dispersed in 1776 and in 1777, because 
 the Steward was quite unable to provide rations; and in 1779 the begin- 
 ning of the winter term at Yale was delayed several weeks for the 
 same reason. 
 
26 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 At a meeting of a Board of Trustees, Deer. 19th 1782. 
 
 Present, the Revd. Jno. B. Smith and Archd. McRobert, 
 Messrs. Jno. Morton, Jos. Parks, Charles Allen, Wm. Booker, 
 and Saml. W. Venable. 
 
 Archd. McRobert, Chairman, and Saml. W. Venable, Clerk, 
 pro tempore. 
 
 Ordered, that a resolution of the Presbytery of Hanover [dated 
 New Providence, Oct. 24th, 1782] be read and entered on the 
 Minutes — 'The Presbytery agreeable to the original institution of 
 that Academy appoint [as Trustees] Messrs. James Allen, 
 Charles Allen, Saml. W. Venable, William Booker, Wm Morton, 
 of Charlotte, Joseph Parks, and Colo. Thos. Scott, in addition 
 to those who already act in that capacity.' 
 
 Ordered, that every proceeding relative to the Academy be 
 entered in a blank book belonging to the Academy, 1 and that 
 Mr. Charles Allen, the Revd. Jno. B. Smith, and Saml. W. 
 Venable have the care of this business as a Committee for the 
 ensuing year. 
 
 Ordered, that there be four stated quarterly meetings, the first 
 Thursday in March, June, September, and December. 
 
 Committee to report on appointment of Mr. Jno. Overstreet as 
 Steward to the Academy. 
 
 Committee [McRobert, Jno. B. Smith, and Colo. Nash] to 
 have the care of the rooms of the Academy — these to be left 
 by occupants in repair. Rjbom rent, £3 per room. 
 
 At a Board of Trustees, March 6th, 1783. 
 
 Present, Jno. B. Smith, McRobert, Jno Morton, Chas. Allen, 
 James Allen, John Nash, Thos. Scott, Sam : W. Venable. 
 McRobert, Chairman ; Venable, Clerk, pro. temp. / Committee 
 for entering papers in a blank book having found it necessary to 
 consult Mr. Francis Watkins' book of accounts, Mr. Watkins 
 is added to the Committee. John Holcombe Overstreet confirmed 
 as Steward. Room rent to be 10 shillings for every student. 
 Managers of the Lottery to be notified that the state of the 
 Academy makes a settlement of their accounts necessary. Mc- 
 Robert, John Blair Smith, Charles Allen, and Sam: W. Venable 
 to petition the General Assembly for the incorporation of the 
 Board. 2 Same committee to petition for the withdrawal of the 
 Academy's funds from the Loan Office. 
 
 ^he few pages of this book that have been preserved appear in the 
 Introduction. 
 
 2 Where was the institution about to be incorporated? See Advertise- 
 ment of General Lawson in the Virginia Gazette or American Ad- 
 vertiser (Richmond), Feb. 1, 1783.— Good dwelling house, &c, 'on the 
 main road leading from Philadelphia to Charleston'— suitable for either 
 public or private purposes — near College. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 27 
 
 Letter read from Nathaniel Venable, requesting payment of 
 money advanced for purchase of Library. 
 
 At a meeting of a Board of Trustees, April 226., 1783. 
 
 Present, the Revd. Mr. Smith, Col. Nash, Col. Scott, Mr. 
 
 Nathaniel Venable, Mr. Morton, Mr. Booker, Mr. James 
 
 Allen, Mr. Charles Allen, Mr. Thomas Watkins, [?] Mr. 
 
 James Venable, and Mr. Parks. 
 
 The Revd. Mr. Smith empowered to charge students using 
 
 Library books for school purposes % the value of such books, the 
 
 money to be appropriated for purchasing new books. 
 
 Committee petitioning for incorporation to add to the names 
 of the Trustees entered in the petition, Colo. Joel Watkins, Colo. 
 Evrd. Meade, and Mr. Richd. Foster. 
 
 On application, Capt. James Morton to be Steward, at the 
 expiration of the time Mr. Overstreet engaged for. 
 
 At a Board of Trustees June 5th, 1783. 
 Present, the Revd. Messrs. Synkey, McRobert, and John B. 
 Smith, Col. Nash, Mr. Jas. Allen, Jno. Morton, Wra. Booker, 
 Jo. Parks, Chas. Allen, and Sam : W. Venable. 
 
 Revd. Mr. Synkey, Chairman. 
 Peter Hales to be paid £15 for repairs to Academy. Revd. Mr. 
 Smith continued in appointment to give notice to the Managers 
 of the Hampden Sidney Lottery to make a speedy settlement of 
 their acc'ts. 
 
 The Committee for petitioning the Assembly for the incor- 
 porating this Academy report that they have done the business 
 agreeable to the order of this Board, and have obtained an act 
 of incorporation for this Board. 
 
 1783. Nov. 18. Mr. McRobert. l 
 
 Students not boarding with the steward to pay to him 20 
 shillings for room-attendance. 
 
 1784. Mar. 4. Col. Nash. 
 
 A letter received from the Revd. David Rice, setting forth 
 his resignation as a Trustee of the College. Ordered, that in 
 future the steward collect the rent of rooms from the students. 
 
 Genl. Lawson, the Revd. John B. Smith, and Charles Allen 
 a Committee for further application to the Assembly for aid. 
 
 beginning here, the chairman of each meeting is indicated after the 
 date. 
 
28 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 [Calendar, Virginia State Papers, edited by Dr. W. P. Palmer 
 and Sherwin McRae (Hampden Sidney, class of 1822), Vol. V, 
 p. 50: 
 
 Memorial from John B. Smith & Ro. Lawson to the Governor 
 and Members of the Council, in Behalf of Hampden Sidney 
 College. 
 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 As you are not less distingunished for your abilities and taste 
 in polite learning than for your high rank in the State, we are- 
 encouraged to address you in behalf of the College of Hampden 
 Sidney. It has been instituted and carried on to a considerable 
 degree of usefulness by the generous donations of individuals, 
 neither connected by particular favour nor interest From the 
 same benevolent source alone, we derive a supply to answer the 
 various exigences which arise in such an institution. As we are 
 now engaged in building a Common Hall for the public academi- 
 cal exercise of the students, and have no funds for defraying 
 the expence, we are obliged to solicit aid from the Patrons of 
 Science for this purpose. Our principal design in the erection 
 of this building is to promote the useful and ornamental practice 
 of speaking with ease in public. And as your experience in the 
 business of the State undoubtedly convinces you gentlemen of 
 the importance of an early habit and address in oratory, we pre- 
 sume you will cheerfully encourage any useful plan for the cul- 
 tivation of it in this Government. And as the public periodical 
 exhibitions of the Students at the College have been attended 
 with the best effects this way, though they have laboured under 
 many disadvantages for the want of a proper building for the 
 purpose, we flatter ourselves that you will grant us such assist- 
 ance as you may judge to be convenient and necessary upon the 
 present occasion. 
 
 We are Gentlemen, 
 Your very humble servts.] 
 
 1784. June 23. Mr. McRobert. 
 
 Primary intention that room rents be used 'to preserve the 
 College and its buildings in repair.' Gifts received : 2 vols, of 
 Chambers' dictionary very elegantly executed — from Colo. 
 Everard Meade of Amelia; 3 vols, of Sir Isaac Newton's Prin- 
 cipia — from Genl. Robert Lawson ; and 2 vols, of Dr. Wither- 
 spoon's Essays — from Colo. John Nash. Also a Wilson's pocket 
 microscope given by Colo. David Stokes of Lunenburg. 
 
 The Board undertook the business and thought proper to 
 adopt the following: 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 29 
 
 LAWS & ORDINANCES FOR THE REGULATION OF 
 THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SYDNEY. 
 
 I. Of Classes. 
 
 1. The students shall be arranged by the President and Masters 
 into three distinct forms or classes, the lowest of which shall 
 be called the Sophomore Class, the second the Junior Class, and 
 the highest the Senior Class. 
 
 2. In order to admission into the Sophomore Class the stu- 
 dents shall be acquainted with the English Grammar, Caesar's 
 Commentaries, Sallust, Virgil, and the Roman Antiquities. 
 
 3. In order to admission into the Junior Class the students 
 shall be acquainted with Cicero's Orations, Geography, Horace, 
 the Greek Testament, and Arithmetic. 
 
 4. In order to admission into the Senior Class, the students 
 shall be acquainted with Lucian, Xenophon, Euclid's Elements of 
 Geometry, Trigonometry, Mensuration, and Algebra. 
 
 5. Those students who are candidates for Literary Degrees 
 shall be acquainted with all the studies before recited, as well 
 as Longinus, Philosophy, History, Cronology, and Criticism. 
 
 6. The last examination shall be held in the presence of the 
 President and Trustees ; and those who pass with approbation 
 shall have four weeks recess from business, before their degrees 
 are conferred, to prepare for their publick exhibition and then 
 if no impediment further be in the way, they shall commence 
 Bachelors of the Liberal Arts and Sciences. 
 
 7. None shall be admitted to degrees, however in other respects 
 qualified unless he first produce a certificate from the President 
 .and Steward of having discharged his College expences. 
 
 8. The first Tuesday in May annually shall be the time for 
 conferring degrees upon the candidates, the order of which 
 together with the different exercises is hereby left to the direc- 
 tion of the President and Masters. 
 
 9. Each candidate for degrees shall pay the sum of . four 
 Dollars to the President upon signing his diploma. 
 
 10. After a space of two years, they who have taken their 
 first degree in the arts, may be admitted to the degree of 
 Masters. — 
 
 The members of College in the three Classes shall be required 
 to wear Distinguishing habits of black at publick prayers and at 
 church. 
 
 11. All other students who come for instruction to the College, 
 and do not choose to go through a regular course of education 
 may be permitted to join any of the Classes in the study of 
 
30 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 those parts of science which they wish to obtain the knowledge 
 of, and during such connexion they shall also be required to 
 wear the College habit as other students do, and be under the 
 same regulations as other students are. Any other description 
 of students shall be considered as in the Grammar school, subject 
 however to the general laws and orders of the College. 
 
 2. Of Teachers. 
 
 i. There shall be in the College at present, besides the Presi- 
 dent, one Tutor of the Sophomore and Junior Classes, one French 
 Master and one English Master. 
 
 4. The President and Masters shall as soon as it can be made 
 convenient, wear College Habits, distinguishable in form from 
 those of the students. 
 
 3. Of Studies. 
 
 1. The students shall be obliged to attend to business in the 
 hours appointed by the president and masters; and none shall 
 absent themselves from their rooms after 9 o'clock at night. 
 
 4. Of Religion & Morality. 
 
 1. Publick prayers shall be held every morning at 6 o'clock 
 in some convenient place, and every evening at 5 o'clock, by 
 the President or one of the Masters, when all the students shall 
 attend with gravity and decency ; whoever shall violate this law 
 shall be reprimanded by the president or master officiating and 
 fined not exceeding 4 d., and upon a repetition of the offence 
 be punished at discretion. 
 
 2. All the students shall be required to attend publick worship 
 on the Lord's-day whenever it shall be convenient ; that is when- 
 ever it shall be within three miles of the College, and when 
 there, shall behave seriously and devotedly — any student violat- 
 ing this article shall be punished as above, except that he may 
 be fined not exceeding 8 d. 
 
 7. Neither shall any student be found in any ordinary nor 
 even on any pretences unless at stated meals, nor drink any 
 strong liquors or mixtures of them, in the company of others, 
 during the different sessions of business in the College. 
 
 5. Of Decency & Propriety. 
 
 2. Any student that disfigures or injures any of the buildings 
 or their furniture he shall repair the damage double. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 31 
 
 6. Of Authority. 
 
 2. Every student upon meeting the President or any of the 
 Tutors shall salute him respectfully, and during the time of 
 recitation, or when beginning to address them upon any occasion, 
 shall stand upright with the head uncovered. 
 
 7. Of Sundries. 
 
 1. Every student shall upon entrance pay for six months' 
 tuition and boarding and the same in advance at the expiration 
 of every six months * * 
 
 2. Each student shall write out and keep by him a coppy 
 of such a part of these Laws as the President shall direct. 
 
 8. Of Graduates. 
 
 Whenever it shall happen that any persons who have received 
 degrees here or elsewhere shall desire to spend some further 
 time in studying at this place, they shall have the privilege of 
 using the books in the Library upon conforming to the Laws 
 of the College as far as they can with propriety be apply'd to 
 them. 
 
 9. Of A Steward. 
 
 1. The office of a Steward is to furnish proper provisions to 
 the students three times every day, at such times as shall suit 
 the hours of study, to have their beds made up and to keep the 
 houses in proper neatness. 
 
 3. The Steward shall be allowed the privilege of keeping a 
 house of private entertainment and retailing such articles of 
 merchandize as may not interfere with the discharge of his 
 duty. 
 
 4. He shall be allowed the exclusive boarding of such students 
 as cannot come from their homes, except when any particularly 
 requests to live with the President and he consents to take 
 them. 
 
 As our funds are too small to build an house sufficiently large 
 for the publick exercises of the College, upon motion, Resolved, 
 that Messrs. McRobert, Chas. Allen, and Smith be a committee 
 to wait on the vestry of the Episcopal Church or whatever 
 body may have the direction of the property secured by law 
 to that church and treat with them for the removal of French's 
 Church to this place. 1 
 
 'French's Church stood about a mile and a half from the College, near 
 French's Store, later King's Tavern, later Kingsville. French soldiers 
 were quartered there after 1781, and it is supposed that seventy of 
 them, dying of smallpox, are buried in the churchyard. The name was 
 due to Andrew French, a Scotch factor. 
 
32 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 Upon motion, Ordered that the Chairman wait on Genl. 
 Lawson with the thanks of this Board for his assiduous atten- 
 tion to the interest of the College. 
 
 Resolved, that Mr. Wm. Mahon be appointed the Tutor of 
 the Sophomore and Junior Class, and that Mr. Drury Lacy be 
 appointed English Master. 
 
 Ordered, that in the future our quarterly meetings shall be 
 held in the' College dining-room, and that the Steward have 
 previous notice to prepare a dinner for the President and 
 Trustees. 
 
 A form for diplomas to be prepared and a seal secured. 
 
 1784. July 19. Mr. McRobert. 
 
 Submission of agreement with church wardens [Philemon 
 Holcombe and Richard Foster] relative to the removal of 
 French's Church — 'i. That the property remain forever in the 
 Episcopal Church. 2. That the Trustees make such repairs in 
 it as they judge necessary at their own expense, and shall have 
 the privilege of making use of it forever as a Common Hall.' 1 
 
 Committee appointed to superintend the removal. 
 
 1784. Sept. 2. Capt. Jno. Morton. 
 
 Ratification of agreement with Church-wardens. Removal of 
 church postponed until further orders. Capt. John Morton and 
 Charles Allen a committee to let the building a Common Hall 
 40 feet by 30 and 15 feet pitch [changed to 52x34, June 15, 
 1785]. 
 
 1784. Dec. 22. Col. Nash. 
 
 The committee appointed for superintending the building a 
 Common Hall made their report. 
 
 Mr. Francis Watkins to give such orders as he shall think 
 necessary for the collecting of the subscriptions. 
 
 1785. Apr. 18. Mr. McRobert. 
 
 State of a dispute between Mr. Mahon, one of the Tutors 
 of the College, and Mr. Crawford, one of the students, which 
 ended in the expulsion of Mr. Crawford by sentence of the 
 president and tutors. Upon mature deliberation, sentence re- 
 versed. 
 
 Mr. Mahon to occupy the house built on College land by 
 Overstreet. 
 
 ; ^his transaction is typical of the fortunes of the Episcopal Church 
 after the Revolution. Richard Foster, church-warden, was a Trustee 
 of the College. 
 
Thomas Read. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 33 
 
 Damages to College property inflicted by unknown perpetrators 
 shall be equally levied upon all the students. 
 
 1785. June 15. Mr. Nash. 
 
 Rules adopted 'respecting the Meeting and duty of the Presi- 
 dent and Trustees in their corporate capacity/ 1 with a form of 
 diploma prescribed. 
 
 Acc't settled with Mr. Venable — still due him £109. 8. 
 
 Martin Smith directed to pay rents of French's store due 
 prior to acquisition by Board. Resolved, that Mr. Watkins con- 
 tinue to give such orders respecting the subscriptions as he think 
 proper. 
 
 1785. Sept. 7. The Revd. Mr. Synkey. 
 
 Acc't allowed for repairs done to the houses at French's store 
 to the amount of £54. 10. 
 
 Gen. Lawson, McRobert, and Chas. Allen, committee to petition 
 General Assembly for back rents of French's Store; also to 
 show state of surplus land of Speirs & Co. adjoining said 
 store. 
 
 Capt. Jno. Morton to collect due subscriptions at 5$. If good 
 flour can be bought at 30/ or 32/ per barrel, and delivered, price 
 of board with the Steward to continue the same. 
 
 'Resolved, that when any of the students of this College shall 
 upon examination appear to be as well acquainted with the 
 French language as it is usual to expect that candidates for 
 Literary Degrees should be acquainted with Greek, that such 
 students passing the usual examination in other branches of 
 science shall be admitted to a degree without being acquainted 
 with Greek.' 
 
 1785. Sept. 27. Mr. McRobert. 
 
 Mr. Wm. Mahon, one of the Tutors, appeared and complained 
 to the board that he has been repeatedly insulted by the students 
 of the College by their throwing stones &c at his person and 
 house in the night. 
 
 1785. Dec. 1. Mr. McRobert. 
 
 Resolved, as the opinion of this Board that Mr. Overstreet 
 had not any right to transfer the house in question at the time 
 when Mr. Mahon made the purchase. 
 
 In regard to the disorders complained of by Mr. Mahon, the 
 Board can do nothing in the case at present. 
 
 i" * * * Every member of the Board shall use his influence in 
 recommending the College upon proper occasions, and obviating any 
 unreasonable prejudices against it which they may have an opportunity 
 of observing." 
 
34 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 1786. Mar. 9. The Revd. Richd. Sankey. 
 
 President to give publick notice in the Virginia Gazette that 
 no student will be rec'd in future without first paying room, 
 rent in advance and all arrearages. 
 
 Committee to give immediate and particular attention to the 
 small red house at French's Store 1 — either sell it or secure it 
 from the weather. 
 
 Capt. Jno. Morton to purchase a ticket in the Mason's Lottery 
 for the use of the College. 
 
 1786. Apr. 28. Mr. McRobert. 
 
 The President laid before the Board a petition from about. 
 30 of the students praying for a dismission of Mr. Mahon. 
 Mr. Mahon also appeared before the board and informed them 
 that he could act no longer in the capacity of Tutor. The Board 
 agreed to accept of his resignation, and referred the form of 
 his dismission wholly to the President's discretion. 2 
 
 1786. June 22. Mr. McRobert. 
 
 Capt. Jno. Morton has purchased ticket No. 113 in the Free 
 Mason's lottery. Another ticket 231 was presented to the Col- 
 lege by Mr. John Mason. Three other tickets No. 1292, 1293, 
 and 1294 were presented by Mr. Martin Smith under the follow- 
 ing conditions, viz. if these tickets draw prises the money or 
 so much of it as may be sufficient be layed out in the purchase 
 of a good sett of scenes and dresses for the use of the students, 
 in their public exhibitions. 
 
 The Board are dissatisfied with Capt. Richard Allen, the under- 
 taker of the Common Hall, for not having complyed with his. 
 contract as undertaker. 
 
 The President informed the Board that he had agreed with 
 an engraver to execute a seal for this corporation. 
 
 1786. Sept. 22. Mr. McRobert. 
 
 Degrees conferred [eight candidates]. 3 Upon motion re- 
 
 lr rhe French's Store tract, 412 acres with appurtenances, had been 
 granted to the College in 1784 — See Hening's Statutes at Large, XI, 392, 
 This was property of Alexander Speirs, John Bowman & Company, 
 merchants in Glasgow, escheated to the Commonwealth. It was fairly 
 valuable property, the rents of which were very useful for many years. 
 
 2 William Mahon, of the Class of 1782 (Princeton), removed to 
 Kentucky; he seems to have been in trouble most of his life. See Alex- 
 ander, Princeton College in the Eighteenth Century. 
 
 3 Of this first graduating class, three were lawyers and two ministers. 
 One of the lawyers was John W. Eppes, who beat John Randolph for 
 Congress in 1813. Mr. Eppes was for a year of two in the Senate. He? 
 was a relative and son-in-law of Thomas Jefferson. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 35 
 
 solved that Mr. Wml P. Hunt on recommendation from Doer. 
 Weatherspoon and Doer. Smith of Princetown be admitted to 
 a degree of Batchelor of the liberal arts, honoris gratia. 
 
 1787. Mar. 9. Mr. Sankey. 
 
 Substitution of French for Greek 'has been found to produce 
 an unfavorable effect upon the students with respect to their 
 improvement in science.' Regulation rescinded, 'except that they 
 shall not be examined upon more Greek than the Greek Testa- 
 ment, Lucian, and the first book of Xenophon, provided they 
 shall be tolerably acquainted with the French tongue/ 
 
 1787. June 28. Mr. Sankey. 
 
 Degrees conferred : candidates 'members of the late class which 
 was admitted to degrees last fall/ The Revd. Henry Pattillp 
 of North Carolina, Master of Arts, honoris gratia — 'proposed 
 to the Board as a gentleman upon whom it would be proper 
 to confer the degree/ 1 
 
 1787. June 28. Mr. McRobert. 
 
 Mr. Drury Lacy to take the inspection of the College build- 
 ings ; that he inspect them at least once in every week, and 
 cause the students in the rooms when he finds any damage com- 
 mitted to pay for the repairs immediately. Capt. Jas. Morton 
 to have the care of the College buildings in vacancy. Five 
 shillings to be deposited with the Steward by entering students 
 as a fund to pay for damages. 
 
 The Board no longer look to Capt. Richard Allen for the 
 finishing the Common Hall. 
 
 Capt. Jno. Morton to purchase a box of glass 9x11 (sub- 
 scriptions for this particular purpose) for repair of windows. 
 
 1788. June 5. Mr. McRobert. 
 
 Common Hall not finished. Committee of arbitration appointed 
 to value Captain Allen's work. Capt. Jno. Morton, collector for 
 the College, to render his account of all monies received, with 
 vouchers. 
 
 ^atillo's Sermons, printed at Wilmington [Del.] in 1788, contain this 
 acknowledgment — "I cannot allow the foregoing little treatise to see the 
 light without acquainting the public how greatly I am obliged to my 
 learned and pious friend President Smith, of Hampden Sydney, for the 
 careful perusal he has given my manuscripts, amidst his numerous and 
 important avocations." 
 
36 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 Mr. James Blythe, a member of the Senior Class, 1 being under 
 an absolute necessity of visiting Carolina his native state in 
 the course of the summer and of being absent at the examina- 
 tion and commencement of his class in September applied to 
 the Board for a diploma. Degree conferred, 'provided he review 
 geography.' 
 
 1788. July 3. Col. Nash. 
 
 The Revd. Mr. Smith gave notice to the board that he had 
 determined to remove from College about the month of November 
 next to his plantation in the neighbourhood ; intending to devote 
 much less of his time to College business than he has hereto- 
 fore done, he proposes to resign his office should the Board 
 prefer. 
 
 The Revd. Mr. Smith repeated his proposal of continuing to 
 act as president while residing at his plantation in the neigh- 
 bourhood; he agrees to attend College three times a week and 
 take immediate charge of the Senior Class. The Board there- 
 fore determine to appoint Mr. Drury Lacy vice president and 
 vest him with the authority of president in the absence of the 
 Revd. Mr. Smith. Tuition money to be divided: 2/5 to Mr. 
 Lacy, 2/5 to an assistant; the remainder to the President. 
 
 1788. Sept. 28-29. Colo. Nash— Mr. Sankey. 
 Degrees conferred, [six candidates]. 
 
 Drury Lacy, A. B., causa meriti 'having gone through a 
 course of liberal education and acted as Tutor several years 
 in the College.' 
 
 1789. July 2. Mr. McRobert. 
 
 The Revd. Mr. Smith informed the Board that he had em- 
 ployed Mr. David Wiley, a graduate from New Jersey College 2 
 to act as one of the Masters in the College, since the beginning 
 of last November, but that he had not been regularly initiated 
 iinto office by taking the oath. 
 
 The Revd. Mr. Smith, president of the College, gives notice 
 
 ,lT ames Blythe (d. 1842), with David Rice, (a Charter Trustee of the 
 College), was active in educational affairs in the west. Dr. Blythe was 
 from 1798 Professor of Mathematics, Natural Philosophy, &c, in Tran- 
 sylvania University, Kentucky, of which he was for some fifteen years 
 acting President. Towards the end of his life he was President of 
 South Hanover College, Indiana. 
 
 2 David Wiley was the founder of the Union Society at Hampden 
 Sidney College. He became a minister and died in Pennsylvania in 181 3. 
 
 The Union Society was, so far as appears, the earliest Literary Society 
 in the Southern States, which has had a continuous existence. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 37 
 
 to the Board that he shall discontinue the office of president 
 the first day of October next. 
 
 1789. July 21. Mr. Nash. 
 
 Members present, the Honbl. Paul Carrington, Esqr., Mr. 
 Henry &c &c. 
 
 Resolved, that the Revd. Mr. Smith, Mr. McRobert, Patrick 
 Henry, and Francis Watkins, esqr., or any two of them, be 
 a committee to correspond by letters or otherwise with the 
 members of Congress or any other literary characters to procure 
 a fit person to act as president for the College. 
 
 Resolved, that the Delegates from this county to the General 
 Assembly be requested to use their influence with the Legislature 
 at their next session in order to procure surveyor's fees formerly 
 appropriated to the university of William and Mary for the use 
 of the College. That the same committee endeavor to secure 
 for the College escheated lands, and a grant of money formerly 
 in the hands of the vestry of the parish of St. Patrick. Mr. 
 Lacy continued as vice president. 
 
 1789. Sept. Mr. McRobert. 
 
 Degrees conferred. [Three candidates] 1 . Tuition money to be 
 divided between the Revd. Mr. Drury Lacy, Mr. David Wiley, 
 and an assistant if employed. 
 
 1790. Jan. 19. Capt. Jno. Morton. 
 
 Colo. Henry recited to the Board the contents of a Bill brought 
 forw.d. in the General Assembly at the last session by himself, 
 which was designed to give a certain proportion of the surveyors' 
 fees in certain districts with some other advantages to this col- 
 lege. Objection was made in the Assembly to the Bill that the 
 intention of the Board had not been advertised agreeable to 
 an order of the House. 
 
 No answers received from letters to members of Congress 
 and Drs. Witherspoon and Smith relative to securing a Presi- 
 dent. 
 
 Subscriptions to be methodized. 
 
 1790. Mar. 1. Mr. McRobert. 
 
 Mr. Smith represented that a report had been circulated charg- 
 ing the officers of College with taking unfair and underhanded 
 methods to proselite the students to a particular sect. 
 
 Mr. David Wiley to resign as Tutor at the end of April. 
 
 'Of the class of 1789 were William H. Cabell, Governor of Virginia, 
 &c, and the Rev. Dr. William Hill, an able minister and polemical 
 author. 
 
38 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. - 
 
 The Revd. Mr. Smith and Mr. Lacy to take the earliest oppor- 
 tunity of procuring some fit person to act as a tutor in his 
 room. 
 
 1790. Mar. 16. Mr. McRobert. 
 
 Inquiry regarding the charge of unfair methods to influence 
 the students in their religious principles and to attach them to 
 a party. Five students examined, from different regions, 
 'whether they had ever observed any attempts in the president 
 and masters to proselyte the students to a religious party or 
 any thing like influencing their minds in favour of any particular 
 denomination ; when they universally agreed that no such attempts 
 have ever come under their observations, but that an enlarged 
 and liberal policy respecting religious parties had invariably been 
 observed in conducting the seminary of Hampden Sidney during 
 their residence at that place.' 
 
 Ordered, that the Revd. Mr. Smith be requested to publish 
 the result of this inquiry. 
 
 1790. Sept. 2. Col. Thomas Scott. 
 
 John B. Scott to advertise in the public Gazette that the Board 
 design to petition for the surveyors' fees in counties on the 
 south side of James River and below the mountains. 
 
 The Revd. Drury Lacy to have possession of the President's 
 house and lands. 
 
 The Revd. John B. Smith to preside at the examination of 
 the candidates for literary degrees in October next, and at the 
 Commencement. 
 
 1790. Oct. 19. 
 
 Degrees conferred. [Three candidates] 
 
 1790. Nov. 2. Col. Nash. 
 
 Col. Charles Allen appointed Commissioner to confer with 
 the Revd. William Graham, 1 whether he will accept the office 
 of President. 
 
 1790. Dec. 14. Col. Nash. 
 
 Inquiry. Examination of ten of the students, and one of the 
 masters, respecting a complaint of the diet, particularly in the 
 article of coffee. 
 
 Mr. John Campbell, one of the Tutors, gave notice that he 
 should not act as Tutor longer than the spring vacancy. 
 
 1 William Graham, a class mate (i773) of John Blair Smith's at Prince- 
 ton was at this time Rector of Liberty Hall Academy in Rockbridge 
 County. 
 
Patrick Henry. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 39 
 
 1791. Mar. 22. Mr. McRobert. 
 
 Subscriptions due. Mr. Joseph Venable appointed Collector 
 at 5$ on the amount of all monies collected or bonded. 
 The Revd. Drury Lacy to take the care of the library. 
 
 1791. Apr. 28. The Revd. John B. Smith. 
 
 Mr. John Campbell, 1 a Tutor in College having produced a 
 testimonial from the Revd. Archibald Scott, a respectable and 
 learned minister of the gospel in Augusta, of his having finished 
 a course of academical education under his charge and that he 
 had stood an honorable public examination upon the Latin and 
 Greek languages and the liberal arts and sciences. Mr. Smith 
 having also assured the board that the Revd. Mr. Patillo of 
 North Carolina whose school Mr. Campbell had the care of for 
 a considerable time, had given him a high character as a scholar 
 and a teacher, with which Mr. Lacy also concurred; the board 
 thought proper under these circumstances and for these reasons 
 to confer on him the degree of Batchelor of Arts, honoris 
 gratia. 
 
 1791. Sept. 29. Mr. McRobert. 
 
 Degrees conferred [seven candidates] 2 — Mr. McRobert having 
 been appointed at a former meeting to preside for conferring 
 degrees at this commencement. 
 
 1791. Oct. 18. Mr. McRobert. 
 
 Meeting held at Prince Edward Court House. — present, the 
 Honble. Paul Carrington, Esqr., Patrick Henry, Esqr., the Revd. 
 John B. Smith &c &c. 
 
 ^ohn Poage Campbell, M. D., was a minister in Kentucky and Ohio, 
 and a rather prolific author. He died in 1814. "In the year 1812, while 
 I was a member of Yale College, Dr. Campbell visited Connecticut and 
 passed a few days in New Haven. Dr. Dwight, contrary to his ordinary 
 practice, asked him to preach in the College Chapel. Dr. Dwight ex- 
 pressed great satisfaction in making Dr. Campbell's acquaintance, and 
 spoke of him as a remarkably accomplished scholar and divine." 
 Sprague, Annals of the American Pulpit, III, 628. Dr. Campbell's 
 Letters to a Gentleman at the Bar was a searching criticism of Erasmus 
 Darwin's theories, showing how Democritus and others had held similar 
 views. Dr. Campbell was an anti-slavery man. See Thomas Marshall 
 Green, Historic Families of Kentucky. Cincinnati, 1889, pp. 50-60. 
 
 2 This was a distinguished class, among the graduates, the Hon. Geo. 
 M. Bibb (Secretary of War, &c. ), the Hon. James Jones, member of 
 Congress, &c, and Dr. Waddell, President of the University of Georgia. 
 William Henry Harrison, President of the United States, was of this 
 class, not a graduate. 
 
40 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 It was unanimously agreed that the office of President should 
 be offered to the Revd. William Graham of Rockbridge. John 
 B. Smith and Samuel W. Venable to write to him on the subject. 
 
 The congregations of Cumberland, Briery, and Cub Creek to 
 be requested to unite their interest with the Board in securing 
 Mr. Graham as President, 1 and collegiate minister with Mr. 
 Lacy. 
 
 1792. Apr. 2. Mr. McRobert. 
 
 Members of the Board to make enquiry in the counties of 
 Halifax, Charlotte, Lunenburg, Mecklenburg, Prince Edward, 
 Campbell, Henry, Pittsylvania, and Franklin, for such estates 
 as may be subject to the law of escheat and forfeiture. 2 
 
 Ordered, that Colo. Joel Watkins and Colo. Wm. Morton do 
 inform the Revd. Wm. Graham that this Board had a meeting 
 to consider their prospect of raising a sum of money for 
 the use of the colledge to purchase an apparatus and to put it 
 in a situation to promise usefulness, that they determined they 
 could be safe to engage that two hundred pounds shall be raised, 
 and that they have hopes of raising much more if they could 
 have any assurance that he would take the charge of the College. 
 
 Every member of the Board to take subscription papers and 
 endeavor to raise by subscription what money they can for the 
 use of the Colledge. 
 
 Committee to petition the General Assembly for a sum of 
 money now lying in the county in private hands which was 
 made by the sale of the glebe lands of the Parish of Saint 
 Patrick some years ago. 
 
 *An excellent choice — William Graham was a very able man. He 
 might have come to Hampden Sidney but for a complication of cir- 
 cumstances. The Synod of Virginia, recently formed, was already 
 looking to the establishment of a theological school. Mr. Graham, al- 
 though he must have been a good deal attached to Rockbridge county, 
 was influenced by this opportunity to do more in the way of training 
 theological students. The Synod did not prescribe his action, but 
 when the theological school was to go to Lexington, Mr. Graham pre- 
 ferred not to leave his post there. See Henry Ruffner, Washington and 
 Lee University Historical Papers, I, 44-45. 
 
 "Escheats, which the Board of Trustees often had in its eye, became 
 a few years afterwards (1810) one of the sources of the State Literary 
 Fund — "certain escheats, forfeitures, and penalties appropriated to the 
 encouragement of learning." 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 41 
 
 1792. Aug. 21. Jas. Allen, Sr. 
 
 [Patrick Henry present] 
 
 Mr. Waddell, a Tutor at Colledge, 1 gave notice to the Board 
 that he wished to resign his office at the end of this term. 
 
 Capt. John Morton and Col. Charles Allen appointed com- 
 missioners to attend the Synod of Virginia at Winchester on 
 behalf of the Board, and that they state to Synod and to Mr. 
 Graham our situation and our prospect of corrfplying with the 
 conditions proposed by Mr. Graham. 
 
 Damages on the part of students to be chargeable on the 
 officers of college if they neglect to carry into execution the 
 laws of college. 
 
 y 
 
 1792. Oct. 22. Mr. McRobert. 
 
 James Morton qualifies as Trustee. Commissioners appointed 
 to attend the Synod of Virginia, on the business of a president 
 to the Colledge, reported that they had fulfilled their appointment 
 and that the Revd. William Graham had returned his answer 
 
 Fort Hill, May 19, 1849. 
 
 *I comply with pleasure with your request to give you a brief statement 
 containing a summary of the character of the late Rev. Dr. Moses 
 Waddel. I knew him well. Under his tuition I prepared myself for 
 College. 
 
 It was as a teacher that he was the most distinguished. In that char- 
 acter, he stands almost unrivalled. Indeed, he may be justly considered 
 as the father of classical education, in the upper country of South 
 Carolina and Georgia. His excellence in that character depended not 
 so much on extensive or profound learning, as a felicitous combination 
 of qualities for the government of boys, and communicating to them 
 what he knew. He was particularly successful in exciting emulation 
 among them, and in obtaining the good will of all but the worthless. 
 The best evidence of his high qualities as a teacher is his success. Among 
 his pupils are to be found a large portion of the eminent men of the 
 State of Georgia. In this State it is sufficient to name McDuffie, Legare, 
 Pettigrew, and my colleague in the Senate, Butler. To these many others 
 of distinction might be added. His pupils in Georgia who have dis- 
 tinguished themselves are numerous. In this list are to be found the 
 names of W. H. Crawford, Longstreet, &c. It is in the character of a 
 teacher especially that he will long be remembered as a benefactor of 
 the country. 
 
 With great respect, 
 
 I am your obedient servant, 
 
 John C. Calhoun. 
 
 [Sprague, Annals of the American Pulpit, IV, 67.] 
 
42 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 that he conceived it his duty to remain in his present charge, 
 which was read by the Clerk. 
 
 1792. Nov. 1. Mr. McRobert. 
 
 The Clerk to endeavor by every means in his power to get 
 information how far the late subscriptions were unconditional 
 and how far they depended on Mr. Graham's acceptance of the 
 presidency of the College. 
 
 The office of vice president secured to the Revd. Drury Lacy 
 for the term of four years from the present time. 
 
 Colo. Charles Allen unanimously appointed Treasurer in the 
 room' of Mr. Francis Watkins. 
 
 1792. Nov. 12. Col. Thomas Scott. 
 
 The Revd. Drury Lacy, who has at present the charge of the 
 Colledge with office of vice president, attended the Board and 
 desired that the Board would think of some suitable person who 
 should be associated with him in the charge of the Colledge with 
 equal authority, to take an equal share of the labour, and have 
 an equal share of the emoluments. 
 
 Mr. Archibald Alexander being proposed as a proper person, 
 ordered, that a committee write to Mr. Alexander; and that 
 the same committee lay the matter before the different congrega- 
 tions about now to be associated. 
 
 1793. Apr. 9. Col. Thomas Scott. 
 
 No resolution taken on Mr. Alexander's letter stating his ob- 
 jections to accepting the invitation of the Board. 
 
 As it is judged that gunning and keeping dogs are amusements 
 at all times inconvenient for students while they are at College, 
 resolved, that from and after the end of next vacancy no student 
 shall be allowed to keep either guns or dogs. 
 
 Whereas it is represented to this Board that the servants 
 who are allowed to attend the students at College very often 
 commit great abuses by going from room to room and stealing 
 or taking the property of the students ; ordered that no such 
 servant on any pretence whatever be allowed to go into any of 
 the rooms of college but that in which his master lives. 
 
 Complaint of George Moore, a student, against Mr. James H. 
 Rice, one of the teachers at College, for exercising over him 
 
 ^he delay had been very disadvantageous to Hampden Sidney College. 
 And Mr. Graham gained very little by staying in Lexington. The scheme 
 for a theological school not only came to nothing, but was a positive 
 injury to Liberty Hall Academy. "This gave the first impulse to those 
 charges of sectarianism against the institution which continued long to 
 pursue its career, and to operate injuriously upon its interests." 
 
 Dr. Henry Ruffner, W. and L. Historical Papers, No. i, p. 46. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 43 
 
 unreasonable authority and beating him without cause : decision — 
 George Moore, much to blame. Mr. Rice imprudent. 
 
 1793. Apr. 25. Mr. McRobert. 
 
 A letter read from Mr. Archd. Alexander to the Board, in 
 which he declines to accept their invitation. Mr. Lacy advised 
 and requested to procure some other suitable person to join 
 with him. It is the wish of the Board that Mr. Lacy would 
 take the advice of the Revd. Doctor Samuel Stanhope Smith, 
 and the Revd. John Blair Smith, who he expects to see shortly, 
 on this subject. Mr. Lacy being acquainted with the funds of 
 the College will be left to his own prudence in making his pro- 
 posals. 
 
 1793. May 21. Mr. McRobert. 
 
 It being represented to the Board that the buildings of College 
 were in a ruinous situation, in a great measure owing to injuries 
 done to them with design by the students or some other person, 
 ordered therefore, that Col. Charles Allen and the Revd. Archd. 
 McRobert be appointed to wait on the officers of College, to state 
 to them the sense of this Board on this subject, and seriously 
 to expostulate with them on the necessity of attending to this 
 most necessary part of their duty, they are also desired to refer 
 them to the laws of College relating to this matter. 
 
 1793. Oct. 1. Col. Thomas Scott. 
 
 The Treasurer to collect thirty pounds which is due in Novem- 
 ber next for the rent of French's Store, and that he pay it to 
 Nathaniel Venable in part of a debt due him from the College. 1 
 
 1793. Oct. 17. Thomas Scott. 
 
 The Board taking into consideration the declining state of the 
 College, and thinking it may be partly owing to Mr. Lacy's being 
 obliged to be much absent from the College in order to fulfil his 
 engagements to the several congregations with which he is con- 
 nected, have thought proper to appoint Charles Allen, Joseph 
 Venable, Richard N. Venable, and Samuel W. Venable, or any 
 two of them, a committee to wait on Mr. Lacy, and to converse 
 freely with him on the subject, and to inform him that this 
 board is decidedly of opinion that under present circumstances 
 his engagements with the College and the Congregations are 
 incompatible. 
 
 x This considerable debt to Nathaniel Venable must be the chief ground 
 for the statement that he was the "real founder of Hampden Sidney 
 College." Alexander Brown, The Cabells and their Kin. p. 269. 
 
44 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 1794. Apr. 2. Col. William Morton. 
 
 Mr. Lacy attended the Board. The Board on mature delib- 
 eration determined that if he will engage no more than half his 
 time to preach from College on Sabbath days, and can as he has 
 proposed get an able assistant, if he can avoid these weekly 
 calls from the College that have lately been so frequent in these 
 congregations; that then they are satisfied with his continuance 
 and that he may promise himself success. 
 
 Committee to finish the plaistering of the first and second 
 story and the passage in the upper story, to paint the outdoors, 
 windows and cornice. 
 
 The Board having observed that the College buildings have 
 been much injured by playing fives or ball against the walls have 
 thought proper to forbid this practice. 
 
 1795. Jan. 7. Thomas Scott. 
 
 Colo. Charles Allen produced and read to the Board the tran- 
 script of a law passed by the General Assembly at their last ses- 
 sion, vesting in the Board for the use of the College the lands 
 whereof Robert Rutledge died seized in Prince Edward County, 
 and which had escheated to the Commonwealth, [about 1200 
 acres]. 
 
 Committee to get the President's house at College put in good 
 repair, and permitted to collect from the late subscriptions to 
 the College. 
 
 1795. Apr. 1. Thomas Scott. 
 
 The Revd. Archd. Alexander elected Trustee. Resignation of 
 the Revd. Archd. McRobert. 1 
 
 1795. Oct. 20. Thomas Scott. 
 
 Ordered that the Steward be at liberty during the ensuing 
 session, on account of the present high price of wheat, to furnish 
 the students with only one third of the bread of wheat, in lieu of 
 one half mentioned in his agreement. 
 
 1795. Nov. 14. Colo. Thomas Scott. 
 
 On hearing the complaints lodged against the Steward, Mr. 
 Charles Jones, by the students, it is the opinion of this board that 
 
 J Mr. McRobert lived until 1807. He had come over from Scotland 
 under the Establishment; was minister of Dale Parish, Chesterfield 
 (where at the beginning of the Revolution he proved himself a stout 
 American), settling in St. Patrick's Parish (Prince Edward Co.) about 
 the time of the founding of the College. What with the loosening of 
 the old ties, he gradually became a Presbyterian, but not until 1787. 
 
 See, Meade, Old Churches and Families, I, 448; II, 24. 
 
Samuel W. Venable. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 45 
 
 the conduct of the said Jones has not been agreeable to his con- 
 tract, and that it will be for the benefit of the College that the 
 said Charles Jones be removed from the office of Steward. It 
 is therefore ordered that the said Jones no longer remain as 
 Steward. Ordered, that the students be at liberty to contract 
 with any one to board them until a Steward can be had. 1 
 
 1795. Dec. 22. John Morton. 
 
 On motion to take the sense of the Board on the subject of 
 the vice president's being continued in his office after the expira- 
 tion of the term for which he is at present engaged; Resolved, 
 that the Board are of opinion that it will not be for the interest 
 of the College to employ him after the end of the term aforesaid, 
 and it is ordered that the Clerk furnish him with a copy of this 
 Resolution. 
 
 Ordered, that Paul Carrington, Senr., Esqr., Francis Watkins, 
 Samuel W. Venable, and Abraham B. Venable be a committee 
 to make inquiry for some suitable person to take charge of the 
 College as Tutor when the term for which Mr. Lacy is engaged 
 has expired, and also to make enquiries for a suitable person who 
 will be disposed to undertake the office of President. 
 
 1796. Apr. 5. John Nash. 
 
 As it has appeared to this board that the President of the 
 United States has the appropriation of a number of shares in 
 the James River Navigation Company, and that the General 
 Assembly of this State, when consulted by the President, have 
 recommended it to him to appropriate them- to the support of 
 some College in the upper parts of the State, it is thought best to 
 address the President on this subject and to solicit him in behalf 
 of the College. 2 
 
 Ordered that William Cowan, Richard N. Venable, and Samuel 
 W. Venable be a Committee to draw up and forward the address 
 to the President and that they solicit the assistance of any gen- 
 tleman of their acquaintance who they suppose can render the 
 College service in this business. 
 
 1 How important was the office of Steward. The College, it may be 
 imagined, would not have become so nearly extinct at this period, had 
 the Steward been unexceptionable. 
 
 a This stock went to Liberty Hall Academy which thus became Wash- 
 ington Academy. The Legislature of Virginia, in retiring this stock, 
 agreed to pay to the holders six per cent interest on the sum of fifty 
 thousand dollars, annually forever. Catalogue of Alumni, Washington 
 and Lee University, 1888. p. 15. 
 
46 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 1796. June 1. Thomas Scott. 
 
 Richard N. Venable appointed to wait on the Revd. John Blair 
 of Richmond, 1 as the Board are anxious to engage him to take 
 Charge of the College when Mr. Lacy gives it up. 
 
 1796. Aug. 13. Thomas Scott. 
 
 The College may shortly be left without any person to manage 
 or take care of it. The Board have determined to offer to the 
 Revd. Archibald Alexander the presidency of the College. The 
 Board will engage to him £50 per annum from the funds of the 
 College, and the tuition until it shall amount with this to 
 £100 shall be divided between him and one assistant; any overplus 
 to be appropriated as to the Board shall seem best either in 
 employing other assistants, or for other necessary purposes. 
 
 1796. Sept. 1. Thomas Scott. 
 
 Committee appointed to procure some suitable person to take 
 charge of the College during the winter session, Mr. Alexander 
 having expressed a wish to decline giving a final answer till 
 November. 
 
 1796. Oct. 27. Thomas Scott. 
 
 At a Board of Trustees for the College of Hampden Sydney 
 held at the College. Present, Colo. Thomas Scott, Messrs. Charles 
 Allen, Francis Watkins, Joseph Venable, Richard N. Venable,, 
 Jacob Morton, and Samuel W. Venable. 
 
 Mr. Hugh Dixon appeared as a candidate for the first degree 
 in the arts, and having stood an examination before the Board 
 on a variety of subjects, it is agreed to admit him to the degree 
 of Bachelor of Arts. 
 
 1796. Nov. 21. John Nash. 
 
 The Revd. Archibald Alexander met the Board this day accord- 
 ing to his own appointment to give them his answer to their invi- 
 tation to take charge of the College as President, and he gave 
 them for answer that he would accept their invitation, provided 
 the Board would be satisfied that he should defer taking the 
 actual charge of the College until the month of April next. The 
 Board determined to accept of his proposal, and to wait till that 
 
 ^ohn Durborrow Blair (Princeton,. 1775), — son of the Rev. John 
 Blair, uncle of John Blair Smith. John D. Blair's memory is preserved 
 in a very unusual book, The Two Parsons, by George Wythe Munford, 
 Richmond, 1884. 
 
 Mr. Blair was the great grandfather of Professor Walter Blair of 
 the College. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 47 
 
 time, when they will expect him to take charge of the College, 
 but they wish and expect that if he can find it convenient he 
 will come at an earlier period. And in case they get a teacher 
 to carry on the business of College this winter they will expect 
 him to give it such occasional supervision as he shall find con- 
 venient with his other engagements. 
 
 1796. Dec. 19. Thomas Scott. 
 
 Agreed on the motion of Mr. Jarney, the Steward, to raise 
 the rate of boarding, that it shall be raised to twenty pounds in- 
 stead of sixteen pounds, until the first of November next. 
 
 Samuel W. Venable, from the Committee to employ a teacher, 
 reported that he and Mr. Francis Watkins, part of that Com- 
 mittee, had contracted on the part of the Board with Mr. John 
 Rice 1 to act as a teacher in College till the last of April next, 
 for which they have engaged that he shall receive twenty five 
 pounds. 
 
 1797. May 31. Thomas Scott. 
 
 Agreement with Mr. John H. Rice for the next term to act 
 in the office of Tutor at twenty five pounds for the term. 
 
 Richard N. Venable and Charles Scott a Committee to get a 
 law passed at the next session of the General Assembly authoriz- 
 ing a Lottery to raise a sum not exceeding £4000, in order to 
 increase the funds of the College. 
 
 Present, the Rev. Archibald Alexander, President, who this 
 day appeared and entered on his office. 
 
 On motion by Mr. Alexander, Maj. James Morton is appointed 
 in future to receive the tuition, room rent, and deposit trom such 
 students as shall wish to enter College, and grant them receipts 
 for the same. 
 
 Room rent three dollars pr. annum. 
 
 1797. Sept. 25. The Revd. Matthew Lyle. 
 
 Price of boarding continued at £20. On a representation that 
 gaming is permitted and carried on at the tenement of the Col- 
 lege commonly called the Old Stores contrary to agreement, re- 
 solved that the tenant be informed that the Trustees cannot but 
 hear such reports with great concern, and that they earnestly 
 request him to silence and do away the force of these reports if 
 
 ^ohn Holt Rice began his connection with Hampden Sidney College at 
 the beginning of the winter session of 1796, and was officially con- 
 nected with it for more than thirty years thereafter. He was for the 
 rest of his life greatly interested in the College, the good of which was 
 furthered by him in many ways. The College may count him among its 
 founders and authors. 
 
48 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 they are false, and if they are true, they beg he will prevent the 
 occasion of them in future. 
 
 Ordered, that an advertisement be published in one of the 
 Richmond and one of the Petersburg papers for a few weeks, 
 informing the public of the time when the next term begins, the 
 price of boarding, tuition &c. 
 
 1797. Nov. 27. Thomas Scott. 
 
 Letter received from the Trustees of Liberty Hall, asking as- 
 sistance. Commjittee appointed to draw up a remonstrance to 
 the next General Assembly to repeal an act passed at the last 
 session of Assembly, transforming the Academy of Liberty 
 Hall into a College, known by the name of Washington College 
 in Virginia, and appointing a set of visitors to the displacing 
 the former Trustees of the Academy. 1 The above remonstrance 
 to be used by the members to the Assembly from Prince Edward 
 or not at their pleasure. 
 
 1798. Apr. 26. Thomas Scott. 
 
 Price of tuition in future to be twenty dollars instead of five 
 pounds. Notice of this alteration to be given to the students 
 before their departure from College, and to be advertised in 
 the Virginia Gazette as early as possible. 
 
 Plaistering of the upper story of the College to be finished 
 and the roof repaired. 
 
 The sum received by Mr. Alexander for the use of the books 
 of the Library, or so much thereof as is necessary, to be appro- 
 priated for the payment of the price of the premiums that have 
 been distributed to< the students. 
 
 1798. Sept. 18. Thomas Scott. 
 
 A very great inconveniency has arisen from the irregular 
 attendance of the students after vacancy, and a law which was 
 made to remedy that evil has not been attended to. 
 
 Ordered, that the law be strictly executed. It is recommended 
 to the president to explain this matter particularly to the students 
 before they leave College. 
 
 Fifteen pounds allowed Mr. Alexander for salary paid Mr. 
 James Aiken as an assistant teacher the last session. The Presi- 
 dent having found it necessary to employ Mr. James Aiken as 
 an assistant teacher it is agreed by the board that twenty four 
 
 ^he Legislature was complaisant and a Dartmouth College case was 
 avoided. These are interesting matters. The question presents itself, 
 how much of an advantage was it educationally for a State to be ad- 
 mitted into the Union after 1800? Also, what exactly is Conservatism? 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 49 
 
 pounds be allowed to him as a salary for the next session at Col- 
 lege, and that this sum be paid out of the money arising from 
 tuition after the payment of his, the president's, and Mr. Rice's 
 salary. 
 
 Ordered, that Mr. William Cowan 1 cause an advertisement to 
 be published in some of the Richmond Gazettes, and in the 
 Petersburg Gazette informing the public that the College is in 
 suitable repair to receive students, and of the time when the 
 next term will commence. 
 
 1798. Dec. 29. Col. Charles Allen. 
 
 Agreed, that the Board will again attempt to raise some 
 money by subscription for the purpose of repairing the College 
 buildings, and for purchasing a Philosophical and Mathematical 
 apparatus. It is therefore ordered, that Richard N. Venable, the 
 Revd. Archibald Alexander, and Samuel W. Venable be a com- 
 mittee to draw a proper form of subscription and to have copies 
 made out and distributed to the different Trustees, and to such 
 other friends of the College as they suppose will interest them- 
 selves to procure contributions for its use. 
 
 1799. Apr. 20. Col. Thomas Scott. 
 
 Mr. Nathaniel Jarney, the present Steward, gives notice that 
 he shall resign his office at the end of the present year. 
 
 Mr. James Aiken, for reasons appearing to the Board, is al- 
 lowed thirty six pounds for the present session, instead of 
 twenty four pounds, and in the same proportion for the next 
 session. 
 
 Mr. Alexander mentioned to the board that it would be for 
 the interest of the College to have one more, assistant than he 
 has at present, and it is supposed that the money arising from 
 tuition will be sufficient to pay the salaries of the present number 
 and one in addition. 
 
 1799. Aug. 17. Francis Watkins. 
 
 Meeting called at the request of Mr. Martin Smith of this 
 neighborhood who charged several students with going to his 
 
 1 William Cowan, of Lunenburg, a lawyer, "was no orator, but in cases 
 requiring legal acumen and judgment, he was by many preferred to 
 Patrick Henry, with whom he practiced in the same courts for many 
 years, living in habits of intimacy with that great man. When the war 
 was ended, he was almost entirely occupied in collecting moneys due 
 to the Scotch merchants, who had generally gone off at the commence- 
 ment of the Revolution. He was deeply sensible of the evils of slavery, 
 and one day said to me that there was a secret policy in the minds of 
 some leading men in the State, to tax slaves very heavily, so as by 
 degrees to render them unprofitable." The Life of Archibald Alexander, 
 Ed. 1855, 139-141. 
 
50 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 peach orchard on Thursday night, and there shooting his dog 
 and shooting at his overseer. 1 The students were called before 
 the Board, and Mr. Smith was called upon to produce his testi- 
 mony, and after hearing the evidence produced by him, the 
 board were unanimously of opinion that no part of the charge 
 was supported. 
 
 1799. Sept. 23. Col. Thomas Scott. 
 
 The students of the College prohibited from attending, Or by 
 any means being seen at any fives battery or any other place 
 where sporting or games are carried on. 
 
 On motion of Mr. Alexander, it is ordered that the College 
 house be enclosed by a good post and rail fence. 
 
 Comfriittee appointed to draw a memorial and get it presented 
 to the General Assembly, stating the true situation of the Col- 
 lege and soliciting assistance. 
 
 1799. Sept. 26. Francis Watkins. 
 
 Degrees conferred — 
 
 Robert Dobbins and Benjamin Montgomery. 2 
 
 [This valedictory address was probably spoken by Mont- 
 gomery. It appears in Vol. II (1806) of the Virginia Religious 
 Magazine, p. 284 fL, edited by Conrad Speece, for a year or two 
 Tutor at Hampden Sidney College. It is evident from this ad- 
 dress that the College had been thoroughly revived by President 
 Alexander — 
 
 To the Editors of the Virginia Religious Magazine: 
 Gentlemen, 
 
 Looking over my papers I found the following address, com- 
 posed for, and delivered by a young gentleman of South Caro- 
 lina, several years ago, at his leaving the College of Hampden 
 Sidney. Its object is to inculcate good morals, and a diligent 
 pursuit of useful knowledge. Should you think it deserving, 
 please to give it a place in the Magazine. 
 
 Philander [CONRAD SPEECE] 
 
 *A fragment of narrative verse about Martin Smith — very ancient, 
 since the subject went West to Kentucky before 1816— has come down. 
 The comedy and topical farce were early in vogue at Hampden Sidney 
 as part of the exercises on public occasions. 
 
 2 Professor of Philosophy and Logic, College of South Carolina, d. 1823. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 51 
 
 A Valedictory Address 
 
 The days of my academical studies are completed. The period 
 is arrived when I must bid a final adieu to friends whom I 
 love, and to scenes, the remembrance of which will never be 
 erased from my mind. The task is painful, but it must be 
 attempted; and I request the indulgence of my audience while 
 I address myself more particularly to those with whom I have 
 been so lately and so intimately connected. 
 
 My Dear Fellow Students, 
 
 The bonds which have united us are now about to be dissolved ; 
 the curtain is now to be dropped which will separate us, perhaps 
 forever. Permit me on this interesting occasion to leave with 
 you a few reflections, the truth and importance of which are 
 deeply impressed on my own mind. Accept this last proof of 
 attachment, the greatest of which I am capable. * * * 
 
 To the President 
 
 Honoured and Dear Sir, 
 
 When I am about to leave this place, no longer to enjoy the 
 benefit of your instructions, it is a pleasing duty to express in this 
 publick manner my grateful sense of the many obligations you 
 have conferred upon me. Your mildness and condescension in 
 the execution of the duties of your office, as President of this in- 
 stitution, your unwearied attention to the improvement of the 
 students here in knowledge and good morals, merit the highest 
 affection and respect from them and from the publick. The wise 
 and the virtuous will not withhold the tribute so justly due. But 
 I will spare your sensibility the pain of a particular detail on 
 this subject. The approbation of your own heart is infinitely 
 more pleasing to you than the highest praise of others, though 
 most deservedly bestowed. With the warmest wishes that you 
 may continue to enjoy the blessings of health and repose, and 
 that you may be eminently useful in the work, so delightful to 
 yourself and so important to mankind, of training up youth in 
 the way in which they should go, I bid you, honored and dear sir 
 adieu. 
 
 To the Trustees. 
 
 Permit me, gentlemen, on this occasion to congratulate you as 
 trustees of Hampden Sidney, on the flourishing state of this 
 seminary under your care. Your diligent attention to the duties 
 attached to your office does not fail to attract the notice, and 
 gain you the approbation of your fellow citizens. Convinced that 
 
52 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 the diffusion of knowledge is essentially connected with the 
 welfare of your country, these are the objects of your benevolent 
 efforts. The intelligent and the good appreciate their merit. 
 Their gratitude and best wishes attend you. Go on, gentlemen, 
 in your patriotick labours ; and may they continue to be crowned 
 by an indulgent Providence with abundant success. 
 
 To the Tutors 
 
 At my removal from this seminary the tutors have a just claim 
 to my acknowledgments; and I shall be inexcusable were I to 
 pass them by in silence. You do not, gentlemen, expect from me 
 the strains of panegyrick. Give me leave simply to observe, that 
 your faithful performance of the duties of your station does 
 you honour; and that by your manner of doing it you justly 
 possess the attachment as well as the respect of the students. I 
 know you have the promotion of useful learning much at heart ; 
 and it cannot but afford you much satisfaction to see the work of 
 your hands prosper. With all the respect of the pupil and the 
 affection of the friend, I bid you farewell. 
 
 Conclusion 
 
 But lest I should put the patience of my audience to too great 
 a trial, I hasten to a conclusion. Farewell then to this beloved 
 retreat, the seat of science, and of peace; where, amidst the 
 pleasures of literary exercises, and the intercourse of friendship, 
 I have spent so many days. Farewell to this respectable collec- 
 tion of ladies and gentlemen, who have so repeatedly honoured 
 us with their presence, and animated us by the smiles of their 
 approbation. And lastly, with the sincerest interest for your suc- 
 cess in your studies, and your general prosperity through life, 
 I bid you, my dear fellow students, most cordially farewell] 
 
 1800. Jan. 4. Col. Charles Allen. 
 
 The President gave notice to the Board of his intention to 
 resign his office after the end of the next summer session. 
 
 1800. Mar. 28. Col. Thomas Scott. 
 
 Conrad Speece, junr., one of the teachers in College, to re- 
 ceive a salary of one hundred pounds pr. annum, which is twenty 
 pounds pr. annum more than was formerly directed to be paid 
 him. 
 
 The room in the west end of the common hall to be fitted up as 
 a common school room. 
 
 Appears to the Board from the representation of the Presi- 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 53 
 
 dent that it is necessary that the Students be formed into a cer- 
 tain fixed number of classes, and that it will be proper to depart 
 from the original plan laid down in the Laws and Regulations 
 of the College. 1 
 
 A student to be considered expelled if he does not return to 
 College and take his trial for offences : viz, that he has absented 
 himself from the College in hours of study without permission 
 several times ; he has gone several times to an ordinary or tavern 
 after night, he has engaged there in revelling and drinking; he 
 has absented himself several times from College after nine o'clock 
 at night; he has absented himself altogether when expressly 
 forbidden so to do. 
 
 1800. Apr. 10. Thomas Scott. 
 
 The Spring vacation to be extended to the 15th instead of the 
 first of June next, in order that there may be time to repair the 
 College. 
 
 1800. Apr. 23. Thomas Scott. \ 
 Degrees conferred [2] 2 
 
 1801. Feb. 17. Francis Watkins. 
 
 Ordered, that no person in future be permitted to play the 
 game called fives against the College building. 3 
 
 Every student who returns to College by nine o'clock in the 
 morning on the first day of a session shall be entitled to occupy 
 the room he occupied the session before. 
 
 ^rhis is not clear. The Laws and Regulations of 1784 provide for a 
 certain fixed number of classes. It is quite possible that in the dis- 
 organization setting in after John Blair Smith's term of office, class 
 alignments may have become obscure. Individualism in education was 
 something of an overdone fad in this country from time to time during 
 the first third of the nineteenth century. About 1830 Dr. Louis Mar- 
 shall gave Washington College a severe dose of the schools and no- 
 class system. 
 
 2 Joseph Carrington Cabell was for a year a member of this class. He 
 was removed to William and Mary where he graduated. Mr. Cabell, as 
 appears in his correspondence with Jefferson, was a friend to Hampden 
 Sidney College. He was a student there when the College was at 
 its feeblest. 
 
 "Fives — A kind of play with a ball against the side of a building, 
 resembling tennis; so named because three fives or fifteen are counted 
 to the game.' 
 
 Collection of College Words and Customs. By B. H. Hall. Cambridge 
 1856. 
 
 Apparently, Fives (like plays at Commencement and the celebration 
 of Feb. 22) was a peculiarly southern institution after 1800. 
 
54 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 1801. Apr. 23. Francis Watkins. 
 
 Degrees conferred [2] 1 
 
 The charge of the College to be committed for the next session 
 to Mr. Speece and Mr. Rice, the present Tutors in College; 
 some suitable person to be procured as an assistant teacher. 
 
 1802. Jan. 18. Thomas Scott. 
 
 Samuel W. Venable, Richard N. Venable, and James Morton 
 are appointed a committee to procure to be imported for the use 
 of the College such a Philosophical and Mathematical apparatus 
 as they may judge most suitable at present for the College, and 
 that they be allowed to appropriate of the funds of the College 
 in the hands of James Morton & Co, Venable & Venable, and 
 Richard N. Venable as much as shall amount to one hundred 
 or one hundred and ten pounds sterling. 
 
 The Board appoint Mr. Alexander president of the College in 
 conformity to the agreement made with him by committee. 2 
 [Terms: £50 current money and proportion of tuition money, 
 out of which Tutor to be paid. When tuition shall amount to 
 two hundred pounds and less than three hundred, such assistance 
 to be procured as may appear to be necessary. When tuition 
 amounts to £300 one other good and suitable Tutor to be 
 engaged. Board to direct appropriation of last hundred pounds 
 when tuition shall amount to four hundred pounds.] 
 
 a The Rev. William H. Barr, D. D. (d. 1843) of South Carolina was 
 one of the two graduates. 
 
 2 President Alexander resigned at the end of the winter session of 
 1801 ; and entered upon his duties a second time as president at the end 
 of the winter session of 1802. That is, he was out of office from May 
 1801 to May 1802. During the year he made a journey to New Eng- 
 land and was married. The account of the New England journey, (given 
 in his Life, Ch. X) is extremely interesting. He was at Harvard for 
 the Commencement — "Dr. Morse took charge of me for the most part. 
 He conducted me to the Commencement, and introduced me as the 
 President of a College in Virginia. At my first arrival there was a 
 laughable mistake about this presidency. I had never intended to men- 
 tion my connection with a college, and I knew that Hampden Sidney 
 was perfectly unknown. But Coffin had told Dr. Burnet that I had 
 been President of Hampden Sidney, and Burnet in introducing me to 
 Dr. Eckley, had written it Camden Sidney. This letter Dr. E. showed 
 to Dr. Morse, and the American geographer was nonplussed; he had 
 never heard of the College. There was no way to clear up the diffi- 
 culty but by applying to me. But by this, the matter was little mended, 
 for Dr. Morse in his Geography had represented Hampden Sidney as 
 nearly extinct; my honour as a President was not therefore very flat- 
 tering. All titles of this sort, however, go for much in New England, 
 and I was often placed before my seniors and betters." 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 55 
 
 1803. Jan. 1. At Major James Morton's Store. Col. Thomas 
 Scott. 
 
 Samuel W. Venable reported, that part of the Philosophical 
 and Mathematical apparatus, which he was desired to import 
 for the College was come to hand, amounting to £72 sterling, and 
 that he had sent it to the College to be deposited in the room 
 where the Library is kept, and that the balance expected from 
 London will probably arrive shortly. 
 
 £14. 19. 3 allowed Major Morton, hire of negro David, em- 
 ployed in the service of the College. 
 
 It appearing to the Board that a house is necessary at College 
 for the purpose of depositing the Library and apparatus, it is 
 ordered that James Morton, Samuel W. Venable, and Richard 
 N. Venable be a Committee to draw the plan and to engage 
 workmen to build the house. The same committee are also 
 authorized to agree with the Library Company 1 on such terms 
 as they may think just and reasonable, to allow them the use 
 of a suitable room in the said house for the purpose of keeping 
 their Library. 
 
 1803. Apr. 5. Revd. Mr. Alexander. 
 
 It appearing to the Board that four of the Trustees have 
 deceased since the last election, viz. Colo. William Cabell of 
 Amherst, Patrick Henry, Esqr., Genl. Everard Meade, and Colo. 
 John Nash, and that Doctor Robert L. Smith has removed from 
 the State; it was determined to proceed to the choice of five 
 members to supply these vacancies, 2 and the following persons 
 were chosen accordingly, viz : Doer. Goodridge Wilson, Paul 
 Carrington, Junr., Esqr., the Revd. Drury Lacy, Wm. M. Wat- 
 kins, and Isaac Read. 
 
 1 The Library Company of Prince Edward was incorporated in 1804. 
 There were numerous such Library Companies in Virginia about this 
 time. See, Hening's Statutes. 
 
 2 The memory of Col. William Cabell has been well preserved in Alex- 
 ander Brown's Cabell's and Their Kin, (Houghton, Mifflin and Co. 
 1895), to be praised among genealogies for containing a vast amount of 
 interesting historical material. — Everard Meade, aide to General Lincoln 
 and afterwards raised to the rank of General, was the uncle of Bishop 
 Meade, author of Old Churches, Ministers and Families of Virginia. 
 Everard Meade, with two brothers, was at Harrow School under Dr. 
 Thackeray, grandfather of the novelist; fellow pupils were Sir William 
 Jones, the Orientalist, and Sir Joseph Banks, President of the Royal 
 Society. — Having died in Charlotte county, Patrick Henry has been more 
 or less appropriated by that county. He lived a good deal longer in 
 Prince Edward County, at a plantation on Appomattox river, than in 
 Charlotte county. — Col. Nash was a brother of Gen. Francis Nash, who 
 fell at Germantown, and of Abner Nash, first Governor of North Caro- 
 lina under the Constitution. 
 
56 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 1803. July 20. The Revd. Drury Lacy. 
 
 Degrees conferred [2] 
 
 Ordered, that Abraham B. Venable, Richard N. Venable, Paul 
 Carrington, junr., Genl. John B. Scott, Major Clement Carring- 
 ton, be a Committee to petition the next General Assembly for 
 the lands which shall hereafter be escheated, in this and some 
 of the neighboring counties ; it is likewise ordered that the same 
 committee take any measures that they may deem proper to 
 procure part or the whole of the funds which the Cincinnati 
 Society are about to give to some Seminary of learning. 
 
 1803. Nov. 21. The Revd. Matthew Lyle. 
 
 The College buildings to be insured in the office of the Mutual 
 Assurance Society. 1 
 
 The Revd. Archibald Alexander added to the Committee to 
 make application to the Cincinnati Society. It is also the wish 
 of the Board that he should attend in Richmond at the meet- 
 ing of the Society, if his other occupations will permit him to 
 do so. 
 
 Ordered, that the Committee appointed to transact the business 
 with the Cincinnati Society be authorized to change the name 
 of the College to any name that the Society shall wish, and to 
 agree to any other reasonable condition that the Society might 
 wish to make in case they should wish to give their funds to 
 this College. 
 
 Ordered that a respectful address from this Board to the 
 Cincinnati Society be presented by such of the above mentioned 
 committee as may attend the meeting in Richmond, and that 
 the Revd. Archibald Alexander and Maj. Clement Carrington 
 draw an address for this purpose, agreeing in substance with one 
 read by Mr. Alexander today. 
 
 Ordered, that a copy of the address to be made to the Cincinnati 
 Society from this Board be deposited with the papers of College. 2 
 
 x "At the head of this establishment was Wm. F. Ast, the projector of 
 the system of Mutual Assurance in this country. Mr. Ast was a 
 Prussian." Richmond in By-gone Days, p. 253. 
 
 2 An analysis of the vote makes it appear that this was a political 
 matter: Federalist and Republican. 
 
 'At a meeting of the Society of Cincinnati of Virginia, at the Capitol, 
 in the City of Richmond, on Monday, the 13th of December, 1802. Re- 
 solved, That the next General Meeting shall be on the second Monday in 
 December next, at the Capitol. * * * * Members of the Cincinnati 
 who voted in favor of the Washington Academy [Dec. 1803] 
 
 1. Gen. James Wood, Prest. pro tern Frederick 
 
 2. Col. Wm. Heth Henrico 
 
 3. Col. Ed. Carrington Richmond 
 
 4. Mayo Carrington Cumberland 
 
i 
 
 i 
 
 \ 
 
 
 
 &Jk 
 
 j 
 
 ■ jm " \^jL*»k EM '; or'* 
 
 A.BRAHAM B. VENABLE. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 57 
 
 1804. Jan. 4. The Revd. Drury Lacy. 
 
 Doctr. Joseph Mettauer attended the Board and complained 
 that his son Peter had been improperly and passionately cor- 
 rected by Mr. Leak, the Teacher of the Grammar School. After 
 hearing the complaint, and after mature deliberation, it is deter- 
 mined that it will be best, and most for the peace of College not 
 to enter into a particular investigation of this matter. But to 
 prevent all complaint of this kind, and all cause of complaint in 
 future, it is ordered that no boy above fourteen years old shall 
 receive corporal punishment from the teacher of the Grammar 
 School except in the presence of the President and Teachers 
 of College [Rescinded, Apr. 25, 1805.] 
 
 1804. Mar. 22. Colo. Charles Allen. 
 
 The Board having received information that a flagrant tres- 
 pass had lately been committed on the property of two persons 
 
 5. John Woods Bedford 
 
 6. Churchill Jones Orange 
 
 7. Robert Gamble Richmond 
 
 8. John White Richmond 
 
 9. John Pryor Richmond 
 
 10. Gen. James Williams Orange 
 
 1 1. Gen. Blackwell Fauquier 
 
 12. Col. John Jamison Culpeper 
 
 13. Collin Cook Prince George 
 
 14. John Stith Brunswick 
 
 15. Gen. Robert Porterfield Augusta 
 
 16. Dr. Middleton Surry 
 
 17. Henry Bowyer Botetourt 
 
 18. One other whose name I cannot recollect. 
 
 Votes for Hampden-Sidney 
 
 1. William Bentley Powhatan 
 
 2. William Moseley Richmond 
 
 3. Marks Vandewall Richmond 
 
 4. Geo. Carrington Halifax 
 
 5. Clem't Carrington Charlotte 
 
 6. John Scott Halifax 
 
 7. Charles Scott Kentucky 
 
 8. John Harris Powhatan 
 
 9. Jordan Harris Powhatan 
 
 10. Willis Wilson Cumberland 
 
 11. John Crute Prince Edward 
 
 12. Matt Clay Pittsylvania 
 
 13. Wm. B. Wallace Stafford 
 
 14. Larkin Smith King and Queen 
 
 15. Samuel Coleman Richmond 
 
 l6 - Tribue Chesterfield' 
 
 See, Washington and Lee Historical Papers, No. 4, pp. 75-78. 
 
58 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 in the neighborhood, viz: Benjamin Scott and Henry Jones, by- 
 destroying for each of them a number of fruit trees, and having 
 also been informed that the offence was charged on a small 
 number of students, proceeded to enter into an enquiry to ascer- 
 tain whether this was true, and if possible to fix the charge on the 
 particular guilty persons. 
 
 Mr. John H. Rice gave notice to the Board that he would 
 probably leave College at the end of the next session. 
 
 1804. Aug. 24. Francis Watkins. 
 
 The rate of boarding for the ensuing year to be twenty four 
 pounds instead of twenty pounds, to be paid as usual ; provided 
 Mr. Moses Tredway, the present Steward, continues at College 
 for the ensuing year. 
 
 1805. Feb. 18. Charles Allen. 
 
 Major James Morton to employ some person to put the house 
 commonly called Overstreet's house in such repair as conveniently 
 to accommodate students. 
 
 Samuel W. Venable permitted to finish the room over the 
 Library room in the house lately built at College, at his own 
 expense, as well as the room adjoining the same, and to occupy 
 them by his sons and such other students as he shall choose, 
 till the expence is refunded to him at the customary rate of 
 room rent. 
 
 Richard N. Venable and Doctor Goodridge Wilson appointed 
 to have the College roof new shingled, and put in good repair. 
 
 Richard N. Venable appointed to collect the monies lately sub- 
 scribed to establish a permanent fund for the use of the Col- 
 lege, and to invest the same in the stock of the Bank of Virginia, 
 or such other stock as he may judge best, or in shares in any of 
 the canal or turnpike companies 1 if he should think them better 
 property than Bank Stock. 
 
 1805. Apr. 25. The Revd. Drury Lacy. 
 
 On a representation to the board that a fund had been estab- 
 lished in the neighborhood for the purpose of supporting the 
 
 'Mr. Venable was early interested in internal improvements, and con- 
 tinued so to the end of his life. About 1820 he published a pamphlet 
 showing the feasibility of the canalization of the Appomattox and Roa- 
 noke rivers, making the two one system for navigation. When railroads 
 came in he was active in attempting to get a North and South railroad 
 through Prince Edward County [cf. Farmers' Register, IV (1836) 309, 
 369.] The earliest record of Mr. Venable's navigation schemes is to be 
 found in the Journal of Benjamin Henry Latrobe (New York, 1905) 
 p. I4ff. Latrobe's first important work in this country was a survey of 
 the Appomattox river, from Prince Edward down. 
 
Richard N. Venable. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 59 
 
 Gospel at the College Hall; 1 that this fund is in the hands of 
 Trustees who agreeably to the wish of the donors desire to con- 
 vey the same to the trustees of the College in trust to be em- 
 ployed for the purpose mentioned above. It is therefore ordered 
 that Richard N. Vienable be appointed on behalf of this board 
 to treat with the trustees of this fund, and if he shall judge best 
 to receive the said fund in trust for the board. 
 
 1805. July 25. The Revd. Drury Lacy. 
 
 No student permitted to keep pistols, or by any means to be 
 engaged in shooting or practising with pistols. 
 
 Any student who shall be engaged in a duel, or in any wise 
 concerned in promoting the same shall be subject to the punish- 
 ment of expulsion for the first offence. 
 
 The obligation of students to give evidence when called upon 
 to do so by the President and Teachers, or by the Trustees : it is 
 declared that they now are, and always have been bound to do so. 
 
 Whereas it appears that a general combination has taken place 
 amongst the students to resist and treat with disrespect the 
 authority of College, 2 and in particular that all except William 
 Morton &c have entered into an agreement to refuse to give 
 evidence to the Trustees concerning certain disorders which took 
 place in the College on the evening of Sunday last, and as it 
 seems highly probable that many have entered into this compact 
 without consideration or information, it is determined not to 
 come to a final determination at this time, but to order that all 
 the students except those named above shall be suspended from 
 the privileges of College until Monday the 29th instant, when 
 the board will meet again, for the purpose of- making their final 
 order as to this matter. 
 
 1805. July 29-30. The Revd. Drury Lacy. 
 
 Inquiry. 
 
 Three students expelled, refusing to give evidence. Seven sus- 
 pended, for different periods of time; Benjamin Cook suspended 
 until the officers of College shall be satisfied to receive him, 
 charged with creating disorders in the night of Sunday the 21st, 
 
 lr rhe record is not clear as to whether this fund was identical with 
 that for a theological library and department. 
 
 One of the Chief donors to the first local fund for a theological de- 
 partment was Andrew Baker (called General Baker) who lived very near 
 the College. See his will, probated 1805, Prince Edward County Will 
 Books. General Baker was the grandfather of the Rev. Andrew B. 
 Davidson, for more than forty years a Trustee of Washington College. 
 
 'Under Dr. Alexander, as under Dr. Green, the increase in the num- 
 ber of students brought in a few disreputable subjects. See, Foote's 
 Sketches, II, 280. 
 
60 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 by ringing the bell, 'placing pieces of timbers against the doors of 
 the teachers to fall on them when the door should be opened, 
 and moreover by throwing a brick through a window of Mr. 
 Crawford, one of the teachers, by which the window was broiken 
 and the persons in the room put in danger of considerable 
 injury.' 
 
 As a great proportion of the students who combined to resist 
 the authority of College have manifested a sense of their errors, 
 and promised obedience and regular conduct in future, it is 
 determined that they shall receive an admonition in the presence 
 of the Board and be restored to their privileges in College. 1 
 
 1805. Sept. 25. The Revd. Drury Lacy. 
 
 Money arising from the use of the Library to be applied to the 
 purchase of books. 
 
 Ordered, that no student be admitted in future at this College 
 from other seminaries of learning without producing a certificate 
 from the principal of such seminary, that he has been dismissed 
 from the same without censure. 
 
 1805. Dec. 13. Mr. Lacy. 
 
 Francis Watkins, Abraham B. Venable, and Richard N. Ven- 
 able, or any one of them, a committee to represent the President 
 and Trustees of Hampden Sidney College in voting for directors 
 in the Bank of Virginia at their next election. 
 
 1806. April 27. Francis Watkins. 
 
 Degree conferred: James W. Womack the only candidate at 
 this time. 
 
 1806. Aug. 26. Colo. Charles Allen. 
 
 Committee appointed to superintend the repairing of the Col- 
 lege and the Hall, reported that they had conceived the building 
 of a dining room of great importance to the College in its present 
 state ; and that subscriptions had been taken to some considerable 
 amount for that purpose. Committee authorized, and they are 
 hereby authorized, to proceed in the repairs necessary to be done 
 
 Georgetown, Jan. 31, 1806. 
 'Would you prefer being at Hamp. Sid. College to staying at Bizarre?' 
 
 Georgetown, Feb. 15, 1806. 
 
 'I have determined to settle you at school at Winchester unless (of 
 which I have no expectation) I shall find Hampden Sidney very greatly 
 altered for the better/ 
 
 Letters of John Randolph to a Young Relative [Theodore Bland Dud- 
 ley! 
 
 Philadelphia: 1834. pp 10, 13. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 61 
 
 to the College, and also in building a dining room, as far as the 
 funds of the College and the subscriptions will allow them. 
 
 A student of the Grammar School expelled, who being ques- 
 tioned on the subject of shooting a pistol near the College, 
 showed the utmost contempt of the Board, by leaving their 
 presence in an abrupt manner, and telling them they might do 
 what they could. 
 
 1806. Sept. 25. Mr. Lacy. 
 
 Committee appointed to confer with the Revd. John H. Rice 
 and Mr. James Daniel (on the part of a Committee appointed 
 by the Presbytery of Hanover) on the subject of receiving in 
 trust for the said Presbytery funds for establishing a Theological 
 Library and School of Divinity at the College. 
 
 Committee appointed to make sale of the tract of land lying 
 in the upper end of Prince Edward County on the waters of 
 Appomattox. 
 
 1806. Nov. 7. Mr. Lacy. 
 
 The Revd. Archibald Alexander laid his resignation of the 
 office of President of the College on the table for the considera- 
 tion of the Board 1 [accepted Nov. 13th] ; whereupon Wm. S. 
 Reid is appointed to superintend and take charge of the College 
 for the present session, and Andrew Shannon, Thomas Lump- 
 kin, and James Wilson are appointed as assistant teachers. Mr. 
 Reid to be paid one hundred dollars in addition to salary arising 
 from tuition money. 
 
 1806. Nov. 13. Mr. Lacy. 
 
 Samuel W. Venable resigned his office as the Standing Clerk of 
 this Board, the Revd. Drury Lacy appointed to succeed him. 
 
 Committee to receive con^munications from the congregations 
 of Briery and Cumberland, relative to the supplying of the place 
 of a President. The reason of this order is that the President 
 has been generally minister of those Congregations. 
 
 1807. Jan. 15. The Revd. Matthew Lyle. 
 
 Committee appointed to make sale of some of the College 
 lands, lying in the upper end of Prince Edward county, report 
 
 11 ' About this time the conduct of the students became very irregular. 
 and I grew weary of governing them." Life of Archibald Alexander, Ed. 
 1855. p. 258. Going to Philadelphia in November 1806. Dr. Alexander 
 became pastor of the Pine Street Presbyterian Church (of which John 
 Blair Smith had been pastor for a few years). In 1812 he removed 
 to Princeton where he spent the rest of his long life. Author of innum- 
 erable books he had produced not one before going to Princeton in his 
 fortieth year. 
 
62 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 that they have sold to John Ferguson of the county of Bucking- 
 ham the tract commonly called Grey's Tract containing three 
 hundred and eighty one acres, at thirty four shillings p. acre, 
 payable in three equal and annual payments with interest. And 
 also to Josiah Legrand three other tracts, containing nine hun- 
 dred and twelve and one half acres, for the sum of twelve hun- 
 dred pounds, at four equal and annual payments, with interest. 
 
 1807. May 1. Major James Morton. 
 
 Degrees Conferred: Henry N. Watkins and Thomas W. 
 Lumpkin, 'who had been for some years a Tutor in College/ 
 The Revd. Drury Lacy, President pro tempore for the purpose 
 of signing the degrees of the above young gentlemen. 
 
 1807. May 6. The Revd. Matthew Lyle. 
 
 The Revd. John H. Rice elected a Trustee. 
 The Revd. Moses Hoge unanimously elected President: 1 £ioo 
 and such proportion of the tuition money as has usually been 
 appropriated to the President. 
 
 Committee to confer with Cumberland Congregation to know 
 whether Mr. Hoge would be acceptable to them as a minister. 
 
 1807. Oct. 30. Mr. Lyle. 
 
 The Revd. Moses Hoge appeared before the Board and for- 
 mally accepted the office of President of the College, and hav- 
 ing taken the oath required by law took his seat as a member 
 of the Board. 
 
 1807. Dec. 21. Mr. Hoge. 
 
 A communication was laid before the Board from the Rev. 
 Bishop Madison, President of William and Mary College, and 
 another from the Rev. Geo. A. Baxter, Principal of Washington 
 Academy, requesting that this Board would concur with the re- 
 spective Boards of those Seminaries, in a petition to the Legis- 
 lature of the State : 'To grant to them the power of summoning 
 and compelling the attendance of witnesses, and of administering 
 an oath to any person, other than a student, to answer all ques- 
 tions respecting students as to the violation of any of the rules 
 and statutes of their respective Seminaries.' 
 
 After deliberation: 
 
 Resolved that it is the opinion of this Board, that it would be 
 
 1 The President-elect was in his fifty sixth year. This fact had its 
 influence. John Blair Smith was twenty three when he was placed in 
 charge; Samuel Stanhope Smith and Archibald Alexander were twenty 
 five. Youth is a fine possession, but middle-age for many purposes is 
 no disadvantage. 
 

 
 
 \B? 
 
 Archibald Alexander. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 63 
 
 beneficial for seminaries of learning to have the right of calling 
 on the civil authority to administer oaths to persons other than 
 students * * * and they are willing to join with the Col- 
 lege of William and Mary, and the Washington Academy in 
 petitioning the Assembly to pass an Act, making it the duty of all 
 civil magistrates to administer oaths in all such cases. 
 
 1808. June 20. Mr. Hoge. 
 
 Degree conferred : John B. Hoge 1 
 
 Agreement respecting the transferring of certain books and 
 funds belonging to the Presbytery of Hanover to the President 
 and Trustees in trust: "* * * 3rdly, when the funds given 
 by the said Presbytery shall be sufficient to employ a Teacher of 
 Theology for the instruction of such poor and pious youth, their 
 Teacher shall be such person as shall be recommended by the 
 Presbytery and approved of by the Trustees of the College." 
 
 The degree of Bachelor of Arts conferred on Andrew A. 
 Shannon speciali gratia et causa honoris. 
 
 1808. Sept. 29. Mr. Lyle. 
 
 Degrees conferred : James C. Wilson, Bachelor of Arts causa 
 honoris, 'for some time a teacher in the seminary, in considera- 
 tion of his literary qualifications. ' Master of Arts: the Revd. 
 Conrad Speece, the Revd. John H. Rice, and Mr. William S. 
 Reid, V. D. M. 
 
 Committee to revise the laws respecting the division of the 
 students into classes, and prescribing their respective studies dur- 
 ing each session. 
 
 1808. Nov. 10. Mr. Hoge. 
 
 Degree conferred: Nathaniel [E.] Venable. 
 
 1809. Aug. 14. The Hon. Paul Carrington, Jr. 
 
 Ordered, that a resort of the students of this seminary to pub- 
 lic meetings at the Court house on court days, musters &c is a 
 loss of time, generates vice, and a corruption of morals, and 
 ought not to be tolerated. It is therefore ordered, that after 
 the commencement of the next session, no student shall be per- 
 mitted to go to the Court house on court days, or on days of 
 muster, unless when compelled to attend by legal authority. 
 
 The Board took into consideration a Law passed on the 23rd 
 of June, 1784, subjecting the students who should not attend 
 
 *For a sketch of the life of John Blair Hoge, See Foote's Sketches 
 of Virginia, II, 593-594. 
 
64 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 public prayers in the College to a fine of 4 d. and agreed that the 
 same ought to be and is hereby rescinded. 
 
 Committee reports that it is necessary to do a number of re- 
 pairs to the College buildings; and it appearing that it is an 
 object of great importance to erect a house for a Grammar 
 School distinct from College, ordered, that a subscription be 
 opened for raising money for the aforesaid purposes. 
 
 1809. Sept. 29. Major James Morton. 
 
 Misrepresentations having been circulated and many misappre- 
 hensions entertained by the public respecting a regulation lately 
 adopted, prohibiting the students of this seminary from attend- 
 ing at the Court House on court days and other public days, 
 ordered that the said Law be published in one of the Gazettes 
 printed in the city of Richmond. 
 
 1810. Mar. 19. Mr. Hoge. 
 
 Degree conferred: John D. Ewing. 1 
 
 1810. Apr. 17. Mr. Hoge. 
 
 Degrees conferred: Jesse H. Turner and Charles H. Kennon. 
 Resolved, that the price of tuition hereafter at this seminary 
 shall be thirty dollars per annum, to be paid in advance. 
 
 1810. Apr. 25. Richard N. Venable. 
 
 Degrees conferred: Samuel D. Hoge, 2 Joseph M. Venable, 
 and James W. Hunt. 
 
 1810. Aug. 10-11. Major James Morton. 
 
 Inquiry respecting divers disorders that have taken place 
 in College. Offender expelled ('unless he appear and give satis- 
 factory evidence to the Board that they ought to reverse the 
 sentence'), particularly for having broken open the teacher's 
 door, and taken the bell, and for having left the College without 
 permission. Twelve offenders subpended, as proved guilty of 
 violating the laws of College in various instances; one, for re- 
 
 x Mr. Ewing was at this time a Tutor in the College. He became a 
 Presbyterian minister and head of a Classical School. He was for 
 twenty five years a Trustee of Washington College, Virginia, dying in 
 1877, at the age of eighty nine. 
 
 2 Samuel D. Hoge, (a son of Dr. Moses Hoge and father of the late 
 Moses D. Hoge, D. D., of Richmond,) died in 1826. Professor of Mathe- 
 matics and Natural Philosophy in the University of Ohio. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 65 
 
 moving the steps of the Hall. Those Suspended not to come 
 'within less than two miles of the College.' 1 
 
 1810. Sept. 26. Major James Morton. 
 
 Committee to petition for escheated lands in the County of 
 Prince Edward. 
 
 Committee to hire or purchase a servant for the use of the 
 College, as they may judge most expedient. 
 
 1810. Nov. 10. Major James Morton. 
 
 Degree conferred: Samuel McNutt. 
 
 1812. Mar. 10. Doctor Hoge. 2 
 
 Money to be raised if possible by subscription for repairs of 
 the College. 
 
 The Board having reconsidered the Law relative to the stu- 
 
 *May 18, 1810. Hampden Sidney College, Prince Edward Co., Va. — 
 L have this day arrived at this place, invited by Dr. Moses Hoge to 
 assist him in teaching. My chief inducement in coming is the theological 
 school, and the assistance in theology expected from Dr. Hoge. 
 
 June 11, 1810. — Have begun the Hebrew and French languages, with 
 a view to acquiring such knowledge of them as may enable me to read 
 quotations and examine criticisms. Made some agreeable acquaintances 
 with young men, and a number of very pleasant familiars in the vicinity. 
 
 Oct. 10, 1810 — The first part of last session at H. S. C. was extremely 
 turbulent. Many of the students were disposed to interrupt the peace 
 of college. A number were dismissed. 
 
 July 7, 181 1 — Last winter session very trying. Much disorder. 
 
 At the close of two years I resigned my place in College. I found 
 many excellent families in the vicinity, a good state of morals, much 
 intelligence, considerable wealth, and a much larger colored population 
 than I had been accustomed to above the mountains. The effect of the 
 college in creating an intelligent population was very manifest. This 
 was the case at Lexington, but hardly so manifest at that time as it was 
 at Hampden-Sidney. Both institutions had times of prosperity and 
 adversity. Neither had a full complement of professors while I was con- 
 nected with them. 
 
 Dr. M. Hoge was President. He taught one or two classes beside the 
 instruction given to the students of theology. The other departments 
 were not filled with regularly appointed professors, but with young 
 men who were graduates — usually two, assisted by one or more in the 
 grammar School. The funds of the College did not admit of much com- 
 pensation. This arrangement may not have been the best, but I doubt 
 whether a regularly appointed faculty would have turned out much 
 better scholars than were thus made. 
 
 A Memoir of J. D. Paxton, D. D., of Princeton, Ind., Philadelphia 
 1870, p. 37 ff. Dr. Paxton was a native of Rockbridge Co., Va., a gradu- 
 ate of Washington Academy, 1810. For a few years he was a mis- 
 sionary in Syria. 
 
 'President Hoge had received the degree of D. D. from the College 
 of New Jersey in 1810. 
 
66 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 dents going to the Court house on court days ; ordered, that the 
 President may give leave to the students on particular occasions, 
 to go there on such days, provided that such privilege shall not 
 be granted more than two days in one session. 
 
 Degree conferred : William S. Lacy. 
 
 Ordered that every student who shall hereafter apply for a 
 diploma, shall before it be granted, deliver an oration of his own 
 composition publicly, and submit a manuscript copy of it to a 
 Board of Trustees. 
 
 1812. May 29. Doctor Hoge. 
 
 Report of Committee to revise the laws and regulations of 
 College : 
 
 i. All the students at College shall be arranged into five divi- 
 sions, to be denominated the Grammar School, the Freshman, 
 Sophomore, Junior, and Senior classes. 
 
 2. Every student in the Grammar School shall read the whole 
 of Corderius's Colloquies ; 3 dialogues in Erasmus ; Selectae e 
 veteris, part 1st; the whole of selectae e profanis; Mair's Intro- 
 duction; Caesar's Commentaries, 6 books of the Gallic, and 2 of 
 the civil war; such parts of the Roman Antiquities as shall be 
 prescribed by the President; the whole of Sallust; Virgil to the 
 end of the 6th Aeneid; Horace (the indelicate parts excepted) ; 
 commit the Greek Grammar; and read in Greek Testament St. 
 John's Gospel, the Acts of the Apostles, the Epistle to the 
 Romans, the Epistle to the Hebrews, and 33 dialogues of Lucian. 
 
 He shall then enter the Freshman Class. 
 
 3. The studies of the Freshman Class shall be during the win- 
 ter session, the 9 following orations of Cicero, viz : against Q. 
 Caecilius, for the Manilian Law, 4 against Cataline, for Archias 
 the Poet, for Milo, and for Marcellus ; 4 books of Xenophon ; 
 and common Arithmetic, — and during the summer session, the 
 5th and 6th books of Xenophon; the remainder of Arithmetick; 
 and 4 books of Homer. They shall then join the Sophomore 
 Class. 
 
 4. The studies of the Sophomore Class in the winter session 
 shall be Geography; Algebra; and Cicero de officiis, and in the 
 Summer session, 6 books of Euclid's Elements, and Trigonom- 
 etry. They shall then join the Junior Class. 
 
 5. The Studies of the Junior Class in the winter session shall 
 be Conic sections; Surveying; Navigation; and Chemistry; — and 
 in the summer session Natural Philosophy; Astronomy; and 
 English Grammar. They shall then join the Senior Class. 
 
 6. The studies of the Senior Class in the winter session shall 
 be Logic; a review of Geography; Moral Philosophy; and 
 Criticism — and in the summer the Philosophy of the human 
 
Paul Carrington, Jr. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 67 
 
 mind ; the Law of nature and nations ; and the Elements of Gen- 
 eral History. 
 
 7. The President and Teachers shall introduce the course of 
 studies above prescribed into this seminary at the commence- 
 ment of this winter's session. 
 
 8. Should any person from another school, who has not pur- 
 sued this course precisely, apply for admission into any of the 
 Classes in College, and shall be able to stand an examination 
 which shall be satisfactory to the President and Teachers, he shall 
 be admitted; and such student having afterwards finished the 
 course above prescribed, and conformed to the laws of the institu- 
 tion in other respects, shall be entitled to a Degree as if the whole 
 of his literary acquirements had been obtained at this place. 
 
 9. There shall be a public examination of the students at the 
 end of each session, before the President, Teachers and as many 
 of the Trustees as shall attend. And if any student shall be 
 judged materially deficient at the Spring examination, he shall 
 nevertheless proceed in the studies of his Class until the close of 
 the summer session ; and if it then appears after an examination 
 on the studies of the whole year that he ought to be admitted 
 into the next class, he shall be admitted accordingly; otherwise 
 he shall be turned back for one year. And no student shall ad- 
 vance into a higher class until the President, Teachers &c are 
 satisfied that he is prepared for such advancement. 
 
 Degrees conferred: James Paxton, Paul Venable, and Henry 
 Carrington. 1 
 
 William Berkeley elected Trustee in the room of A. B. Vena- 
 ble, deceased. 2 
 
 Committee (Richard N. V/enable, James Bruce, William M. 
 Watkins, and Henry E. Watkins) to petition General Assembly 
 for lands escheated in the county of Prince Edward, and for 
 other funds in the said county now appropriated by law to the 
 literary fund. 
 
 1812. Sept. 24. Major James Morton. 
 
 Degrees conferred: John Kirkpatrick, 3 Isaac Burns, Walter 
 L. Pharr. 
 
 1 Henry Carrington's diploma has been preserved, a parchment about 
 8x10. He was also a graduate of Princeton, and lived to old age on 
 his estate in Charlotte Co., "Ingleside." 
 
 2 Mr. Venable, at the time President of the Bank of Virginia, lost 
 his life at the burning of the Richmond Theatre, Dec 26, 181 1. 
 
 3 John Kirkpatrick, while studying theology under Dr. Hoge, was 
 drafted in 1814 among the recruits from Prince Edward. He had 
 from boyhood had a fondness for military tactics, and did not secure 
 a substitute. He saw service for several months around Norfolk as 
 Secretary to Gen. M. Porter. After the war he spent a few years in 
 
68 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 1813. Jan. 19-20-21. Colo. Samuel W. Venable. 
 
 Investigation of certain disorders which had for some time 
 past been carrying on: examination of lall the students indi- 
 vidually. Offences — throwing logs of wood from the upper 
 stories to the great injury of the house, and evidently endanger- 
 ing the life of individuals ; taking the bell out of the teacher's 
 room, secreting it, and ringing it at an unseasonable hour of the 
 night. Two expelled, unless they make concessions and acknowl- 
 edgements and such promises of future obedience as shall be 
 satisfactory. Nine expelled, who confessed that they knew of 
 students who had been guilty of one or the other of those irregu- 
 lar proceedings, but refused to give testimony. Three sus- 
 pended. 
 
 Agreeably to a request fromi the Presbytery of Hanover, 
 $168.96 to be paid to the Rev. Doctor Hoge, on account of ex- 
 pences incurred for the Theological students. 
 
 1813. Mar. 19. Francis Watkins, Sr. 
 
 Committee to revise the Laws. 
 
 Ordered that each student upon his entering College shall sign 
 the following acknowledgment, in the presence of the President 
 and officers of College, and of his fellow students, "I have read, 
 or heard read, the Laws of College; I understand them, and 
 acknowledge my obligation to obey them." 
 
 During the hours of study every student to keep his room, 
 unless called from it to recite, or by some urgent necessity of 
 which he shall always be ready to give an account to any officer 
 of College who may observe his absence. 
 
 Students permitted to attend Court one day in each term after 
 the forenoon recitation. 1 
 
 Students required to attend until twelve o'clock on each Sat- 
 urday to such exercises as shall be prescribed by the President. 
 
 Doer. Hoge signified to the Board his determination to re- 
 sign his office. 
 
 Mr. Moses Tredway gave notice of his intention to resign 
 his office as Steward. 
 
 Chesterfield county, as pastor and teacher, and there conducted with 
 great skill and success a school of deaf mutes. One of the celebrated 
 family of Braidwoods had been in the neighborhood, but had not had 
 much success in teaching the dumb to speak. Mr. Kirkpatrick ob- 
 served his methods, and formed his own. After 1819, until his death 
 in 1842, he was pastor of the old Cumberland Church. 
 
 x The records do not clearly substantiate the tradition that Dr. Hoge 
 encouraged the students of the College to attend Court so as to learn 
 the mechanism of local government. 
 
John Holt Rice. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 69 
 
 1813. May 13. Major James Morton. 
 
 The Board resumed the consideration of the sentence of ex- 
 pulsion passed against several students at this place in Jan- 
 uary last, and after a full and deliberate discussion, the question 
 was put, "Shall there be any mitigation of the sentence?/' which 
 passed in the negative. 
 
 On motion, resolved that the Rev. Charles H. Kennon be and 
 is hereby appointed. Vice President in the College. 1 
 
 1813. Aug. 16. Doctor Hoge. 
 
 Committee to present to the Legislature of Virginia at its next 
 meeting a petition to repeal the law subjecting students to bear 
 arms. Concurrence of other literary institutions in the State to 
 be solicited. 
 
 1813. Sept. 30. Colo. Samuel W. Venable. 
 
 Degrees conferred: Abner W. Kirkpatrick, Edward Baptist, 
 Samuel D. Morton, Thomas P. Hunt. 2 
 
 1814. July 18. Col. Charles Allen. 
 
 Instead of four quarterly meetings of the Board, to be here- 
 after two meetings annually, at the Spring and Fall examina- 
 tions of the students. 
 
 The most effectual measures to be adopted to obtain a perma- 
 nent Teacher or Teachers of the Junior and other classes in 
 College, in order to exempt the President after the termination 
 of the present session from teaching any other than the Senior 
 Class. 3 
 
 1815. May 8. Dr. Hoge. 
 
 Committee to manage the property of College known by the 
 name of French's Store. 
 
 Messrs. Henry E. Watkins, Thomas A. Morton, Wm. L. Vena- 
 
 *Mr. Kennon died shortly afterwards, in 1816. There is a brief 
 account of his life given in Dr. Rice's Christian Monitor, II (1816), 
 83-86. 
 
 2 Thomas P. Hunt was a step-son of Dr. Moses Hoge. He became a 
 famous temperance lecturer. His Autobiography has been published 
 by his daughter (Wilkes-Barre, Pa: 1901). In these pages there are 
 several interesting anecdotes of Dr. Hoge, who was a man of a very 
 impressive personality. John Randolph is credited with the remark 
 that there were only two men who could quiet the crowd on the 
 green at Prince Edward Court — 'Patrick Henry by his eloquence and 
 Dr. Hoge by simply passing through.' [Patrick Henry died before 
 Dr. Hoge came to Prince Edward, so that the crowd must have 
 been often irrepressible] 
 
 "In October 181 5 Dr. Hoge wrote — 'Mr. Kennon in the character of 
 Vice President will begin the next session with us. I shall there- 
 fore only have to attend to the Senior Class, and take the general 
 superintendence of the seminary.' [MS Life. Library of Congress] 
 
70 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 ble, Isaac Read, Doctr. James Jones, John H. Rice, and Paul 
 Carrington, Jr., appointed a Committee to solicit donations for 
 the purpose of providing for the accommodation of a Vice Presi- 
 dent and of establishing a permanent fund for his support. 
 
 1815. Nov. 1. Dr. Hoge. 
 
 Committee to superintend the building of a house for the Vice 
 President [June 19 — 'the house called the "Grammar House" to 
 be repaired for the temporary accommodation of the Vice Presi- 
 dent.'] 
 
 Degrees conferred : Abraham Venable 1 and William Walton. 2 
 
 1816. July 4. Dr. Hoge. 
 
 William S. Morton and Carter Page elected Trustees. 
 
 Committee to employ a First Professor and such other 
 Teachers as may be necessary for the College. 
 
 Committee to make a representation of the condition of the 
 College to the Legislature of this state, and solicit public aid for 
 the institution. 
 
 1816. Dec. 23. Dr. Hoge. 
 
 The price of board with the steward of this College to be ten 
 dollars per month until further order. 
 
 The price of tuition at this College to be forty dollars per 
 annum. 
 
 Committee to agree with Henry E. Watkins, Treasurer of the 
 Theological School, upon the terms upon which any money of- 
 fered by the Trustees of that school for the education (at the 
 College) of poor and pious youth for the ministry shall be re- 
 ceived by the Trustees of Hampden Sidney College. 3 
 
 1817. Apr. 24. Dr. Hoge. 
 
 Ordered, that all candidates for Diplomas shall be subject to 
 examination on so much of the Languages and Sciences as may 
 be required by the Board of Trustees. 
 
 x Abraham Woodson Venable, Member of Congress; Member Pro- 
 visional Congress, C. S. A. 
 
 2 The Rev. William C. Walton, cf., Memoir by Joshua Danforth. 
 Hartford, 1837. 
 
 3 In 1812 the Synod of Virginia declared for a synodical school 
 of theology, Lexington (as in 1791) to be the permanent seat, and 
 Hampden Sidney the temporary seat of the institution. In 181 5 it was 
 decided that Hampden Sidney should be the site of the Theological 
 Seminary, Synod reserving the power of removing the institution. 
 In 1816 the Legislature refused to grant the School a charter. Its 
 Trustees placed their funds in trust with the Trustees of Hampden 
 Sidney College. See Foote, Sketches of Virginia, II, 366-369. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 71 
 
 Committee which superintends the building of the Vice Presi* 
 dent's house to lay off such lots as they may think proper to 
 attach to it. 
 
 Committee of Repairs to make such alterations and repairs in 
 the garret-room of the Library-house as will accommodate the 
 Philanthropic Society, which shall be permitted to meet in the 
 room until further order. 
 
 1817. July 28. Dr. Hoge. 
 
 Edward Dillon having entered into a combination with seven 
 other students to resist the authority of the teachers by leaving 
 the dining room during a meal contrary to an order of the 
 teachers (the others having made such acknowledgments as 
 are satisfactory to the President) and being brought before the 
 Board, admitted the charge and justified his conduct, resolved 
 that he be suspended until the end of the session. 
 
 1817. Dec. 25. Dr. Hoge. 
 
 Ordered, that the Clerk write to Doctr. John Redman Coxe, 
 Professor of Chemistry in the University of Pennsylvania, re- 
 questing information in relation to the probable price of such a 
 Chemical Apparatus as might suit the College. 1 
 
 1818. Mar. 13. Dr. Hoge. 
 
 Committee to vest the nett proceeds of the judgment against 
 Josiah Legrand in such stock as shall to them appear most con- 
 ducive to the interest of the College, except that the sum of eight 
 hundred dollars be retained until further orders. 
 
 The teachers of College to be required to assess fines for dam- 
 ages as soon as they are committed by the students. Committee 
 to visit the College once in two months and examine whether 
 fines for damages have been regularly and properly assessed, and 
 apply to repairs out of the deposit money the amount of dam- 
 ages assessed by the teachers. 
 
 Committee to sell the old Store house, and certain lands adja- 
 cent, reserving two hundred acres at the lower end of the tract. 
 
 Ordered, that Mr. Cushing be the Librarian of this College. 
 
 a Mr. dishing had arrived. However, progressive movements were 
 a-foot before his coming. — At this period, wrote Amos Eaton, "a thirst 
 for the natural sciences seemed already to pervade the United States 
 like the progress of an epidemic. Such was the zeal at Williams Col- 
 lege [in 181 7] that an uncontrolable enthusiasm for Natural History- 
 took possession of every mind, and other departments of learning 
 were for a time crowded out of College. The College authorities 
 allowed twelve students each day, 72 per week, to devote their whole 
 time to the collection of minerals, plants etc, in lieu of all other 
 exercises." 
 
 Goode, Beginnings of American Science. Smithsonian report, 1897, 
 II. 437- 
 
72 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 1818. Sept. 25. Dr. Hoge. 
 
 Ordered, that each student of Chemistry be required to pay- 
 five dollars per annum extra of tuition for the purpose of de- 
 fraying the expenses of chemical experiments and keeping up 
 the apparatus. 
 
 H. E. Watkins and Richd. N. Venable or either of them to re- 
 ceive the dividends on the shares belonging to the Trustees of 
 this College in the Bank of the United States. 
 
 Mr. Jonathan P. Cushing added to the Committee to revise the 
 laws of College. 
 
 1818. Nov. 12. Dr. Hoge. 
 
 It having been represented to the Board that Mr. Samuel D. 
 Hoge wished to resign his office as teacher in this College under 
 circumstances which rendered it inconvenient to him to suffer 
 delay — the Board consented to his immediate removal without 
 the ordinary form of notice. 
 
 Ordered, that Henry E. Watkins be authorized to settle with 
 Mr. Cushing on account of the expenses incurred on his late trip 
 to Philadelphia for the purpose of purchasing a chemical appara- 
 tus and some additions to the Philosophical apparatus. 
 
 1818. Dec. 21. Dr. Hoge. 
 
 Ordered, that Dr. Hoge be permitted to admit a few students 
 to occupy the new brick house lately occupied by the Rev. Saml. 
 D. Hoge, 1 until a further order of the Board — and that the house, 
 be occupied on the same terms as the other College buildings. 
 
 The Commissioners for building a church at College permitted 
 to procure timber for this purpose on the College lands. 
 
 1819. Jan. 29. Dr. Hoge. 
 
 Mr. Jonathan P. Cushing was elected Professor of Natural 
 Philosophy and Chemistry. 
 
 Committee appointed to revise the course of College studies 
 made their report. 
 
 1819. Feb. 5. Dr. Hoge. 
 
 After the first day of next session each student to pay one dol- 
 lar per month for servant's hire and room rent. 
 
 Salary adjustments: The President to teach the Senior Class 
 and receive in lieu of his present salary seven hundred dollars. 
 The Professor to teach the Junior and Sophomore classes and re- 
 
 lr niis new brick house was the house now joined to the old Steward's 
 hall ('Alamo') — the west wing of the present establishment. This house 
 therefore is the oldest brick structure of the College plant — a link be- 
 tween the Old and the New College group of buildings. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 73 
 
 ceive nine hundred dollars. The Grammar Teacher to teach the 
 Freshman Class and Grammar School and receive his board and 
 five hundred dollars. 
 
 Should the number of students exceed forty, the President 
 to receive the tuition fees until his salary amounts to one thou- 
 sand dollars. When the tuition fees, together with $500 to be 
 paid from the proceeds of the permanent fund, exceed $2,400, 
 the surplus to be applied at the discretion of the faculty, in 
 obtaining aid for teaching the College classes or divided among 
 themselves according to their labours until the trustees shall 
 appoint an assistant teacher. 
 
 Should the number of students be less than forty, $500 to 
 be paid from the proceeds of the permanent fund, and the 
 tuition fees to be divided in the proportion of seven — nine — five. 
 
 Mr. Gilbert Morgan is appointed Teacher of the Grammar 
 School. 
 
 1819. Apr. 24. Dr. Hoge. 
 
 The Rev. J. H. Rice added to the Committed authorised to 
 appoint agents for soliciting donations, and that an increase of 
 the College buildings be considered and represented by the com- 
 mittee as the primary object of raising funds in this way. 
 
 Course of studies adopted for the students of this College 
 [course arranged in four classes for the College, each class 
 having two studies and a daily recitation in each study; grammar 
 school work much the same as in 1812]. 
 
 Junior" Class — 
 
 Winter Session: 1st Recitation — 
 
 Chemistry with experiments and agri- 
 culture. 
 2nd Do. — Trigonometry, Mensuration, 
 Surveying, Navigation, and Conic 
 Sections. 
 Summer Session: 1st Recitation — Natural Philosophy and 
 
 Astronomy, with Experiments. 
 2nd Do. — Horace and composition in 
 English every two weeks through- 
 out the year. 
 Senior Class — 
 
 Winter Session: 1st Recitation — Philosophy of the mind, 
 
 Rhetoric, Moral Philosophy, and 
 Dissertations in English every 
 two weeks, and Declamations 
 through the year of their own 
 composition. 
 
74 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 Summer Session: ist Recitation — Law of Nature and Na- 
 tions, and Chronology, and the 
 elements of General History. 
 
 These studies are to succeed each other as they are arranged. 
 
 There are in each class two recitations each year except the 
 Senior, in which there will be only one, that the Seniors may 
 have an opportunity to pay more attention to composing, and 
 review the studies required. 1 
 
 Ordered, that the following gentlemen be appointed as solici- 
 tors of donations for this institution — Jonathan P. Cushing, 
 Gilbert Morgan, Colo. Geo. W. Camp of Norfolk, Benjamin 
 Harrison of Prince George, Rev. Robert Anderson, Rev. John 
 H. Rice, W. S. Lacy, Rev. Dr. Hill, and the Rev. J. B. Hoge. 
 
 These to be remunerated out of monies raised by themselves, 
 and from that source only. 2 
 
 1819. Nov. 8-9. Dr. Hoge. 
 
 James Madison of Prince Edward elected a Trustee. 
 
 The Professor of Chemistry to occupy the new brick house so 
 long as appears advisable to the President. 
 
 The Rjev. Matthew Lyle, Doct. G. Wilson, and R. N. Venable 
 a committee to draft a memorial representing the situation of 
 the College and asking aid of the Legislature of Virginia, and 
 that they offer the said memorial to the Legislature or withhold 
 it as they think advisable. 
 
 lr rhis course of studies was published in full in the Virginia Literary 
 and Evangelical Magazine (Edited by John Holt Rice) Vol. II, 237-38. 
 Dr. Rice remarks, "We have more than once attempted to turn the 
 attention of our readers to the literary institutions of the State. Our 
 success has hitherto been very limited. The communication which 
 follows is the only one which has been received. * * The follow- 
 ing seems to be judicious, inasmuch as it is well calculated to exer- 
 cise the mind and give it expansion and vigor. We are much pleased 
 to see the subject of Agriculture introduced. It falls in with our 
 views and wishes as to general improvement." 
 
 Commencement of Hampden Sidney College, Sept 29TH, 1819 
 
 Music — 
 
 ist. An Eulogy in Lattin on the Character of Marcus Portius Cato — 
 
 by Jesse B. Harrison. 
 2nd. An Oration in English on Genius — by James H. Brooks elected 
 
 by the Union Society. 
 
 Music — 
 
 3. A conversation on fashionable amusements — by Edward L. Scruggs 
 
 and Daniel A. Penick elected by the Sophomore Class — 
 
 4. A Dialogue on the good and bad effects of Emulation in Public 
 
 Education — by Henry N. Pharr and Thos. Davis. 
 
 5. An Eulogy in Greek on the character of Pericles by John B. 
 
 Clauselle. 
 
William L. Venable. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 75 
 
 The faculty at every commencement to inform by printed circu- 
 lar letters the parents or guardians of the students belonging to 
 College of their standing in relation to conduct and scholarship. 
 
 Resolved: There shall be a Professorship of Mathematics in 
 this institution. 
 
 A committee to confer with a Committee of the Union Society 
 on the subject of their claim in books and other property belong- 
 ing to the late Library Company of Prince Edward. 
 
 1819. Dec. 21. Dr. Hoge. 
 
 Resolved: That there shall be a Professorship of Languages 
 in this institution. 
 
 The President and first Professor presented a fair transcript of 
 the Laws and regulations recently adopted. John H. Rice, D. D., 
 and Henry E. Watkins a committee to superintend the printing 
 of five hundred copies of the laws. 
 
 1820. Apr. 26. Dr. Hoge. 
 
 Clerk to write to the members of the late Library Company 
 of Prince Edward that provided the Library Company should not 
 meet on next Prince Edward court day, the Trustees will then 
 consider the said company as being dissolved, and will proceed 
 to take possession of the property of the Company agreeably to 
 the constitution of the said Library Company of Prince Edward. 
 
 1820. July 20. Colo. Samuel W. Venable. 
 
 The office of President having become vacant by the death of 
 Doct. Hoge, 1 ordered, that the first Professor discharge the 
 duties of President during the vacancy. William A. Carrington 
 was elected a member of the board in the room of James Madi- 
 son, late President of the United States, resigned. Doctr. Alex- 
 Music — 
 
 6. An Oration on national Avarice by Abram S. Hoggatt. 
 
 7th. An Oration on the Superiority of Genius and Learning over 
 
 Military Prowess in exalting national Glory — by Charles W. 
 
 Friend — elected by the Philanthropic Society. 
 8. A Poem — review of British reviewers, by Hugh Caldwell elected 
 
 by the Sophomore Class. 
 (,. An Oration on Literary Prospects in the United States by Josiah 
 
 Harris elected b> the Philosophical Society. 
 
 [MS programme preserved in the College Library] 
 x John Randolph to Francis Scott Key: "I consider Dr. Hoge as the 
 ablest and most interesting speaker that I ever heard, in the pulpit or 
 out of it; and the most perfect pattern of a Christian teacher I ever 
 saw." Life of John Randolph of Roanoke, by Hugh A. Garland. 
 II, 64. 
 
76 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 ander of Princeton was unanimously elected President of the 
 College in the room of Doct. Hoge, deceased. 
 
 1820. July 22. Colo. Venable. 
 
 Committee to communicate to Doctr. Alexander his appoint- 
 ment as president &c, authorised to offer him the same salary and 
 emoluments appropriated to the President under the order of 
 February 5th, 1819. 
 
 The trustees to take a copy of the subscription paper to erect 
 »a new college edifice, and by themselves or their friends to en- 
 deavor to obtain donations. 
 
 Richard N. Venable, Thomas A. Morton, and Rev. Matthew 
 Lyle a committee to draw up and cause to be published a state- 
 ment of the condition — wants — designs — prospects and public 
 utility of this institution. 
 
 Mr. William S. Archer of Amelia elected a Trustee. Mr. 
 Samuel Branch of Buckingham was elected a trustee — it appear- 
 ing from an examination of the College Charter that the insti- 
 tution is entitled to twenty six trustees, and Mr. Branch's elec- 
 tion is intended to complete that number. 
 
 [Richmond Enquirer, Tuesday, Sept. 12, 1820 
 
 For the Enquirer 
 To The Public 
 
 At a time when the feelings of our citizens are so laudably ex- 
 cited towards the promotion of knowledge, it has been thought 
 to be the duty of the guardians of one of the oldest seminaries 
 in the state, by a brief relation of facts relative to that institu- 
 tion, to present to the public view, its origin, its funds, the source 
 from whence they have been drawn, the application which has 
 been made of them, some of the principal difficulties which the 
 trustees have had to encounter, and also their present plans and 
 designs for the enlargement of the seminary, so as to keep pace 
 with the growing population of this district, and the wants of 
 the country. 
 
 Hampden Sidney College is situated in Prince Edward county, 
 near the middle ground, between James River and the southern 
 boundary of Virginia — between tide water and the mountains. 
 It was founded in the year 1776, and was then called Hampden 
 Sidney Academy. The only funds which it possessed for many 
 years arose from private donations, made by the people of the 
 district before mentioned. With these donations, a small brick 
 building was erected for the students, a President's, professor's 
 and steward's house, — a house for a library, for the philosophical 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 77 
 
 and chemical apparatus — a dining room, &c. The only funds 
 which came to the hands of the trustees for the support of the 
 president and teachers, was the money arising from tuition. 
 
 In the year 1783, this seminary was erected into a college, by 
 an act of the General Assembly of Virginia. And in the years 
 1784 and 1794, donations were made to the College by the state, 
 of two small tracts of land that had escheated to the common- 
 wealth in the county of Prince Edward. These lands produced 
 an annual rent, which did not much exceed the sum requisite 
 to keep the college house, and the appurtenant buildings in re- 
 pair. The college lands except a small tract, have been sold, and 
 recently vested in bank Stock, principally of the United States. 
 About the year 1805, a voluntary contribution was made by the 
 people residing in the adjacent counties, for the establishment of 
 a permanent fund for the College, the proceeds only of which 
 were to be annually expended. This contribution was vested in 
 bank stock, and has enabled the trustees to give to the President 
 of the College, a salary of one hundred pounds in addition to the 
 funds arising from tuition, which have been divided between 
 the president and teachers. 
 
 The funds of the College have been gradually improving. The 
 principal of such donations as have been made since the buildings 
 were erected, has been retained, and the annual proceeds only 
 have been expended. And the trustees now think themselves 
 justified in contracting to pay to the president and professors 
 $500 p. annum, in addition to the sum arising from tuition. This 
 sum, small as it is, is the highest the trustees have ever been able 
 to give to the president and professors. 
 
 Without undertaking to assign the ruling motive, we find in the 
 poverty of the institution, sufficient reason, why some of the 
 most distinguished men who have ever presided at this College, 
 should remove and take charge of other seminaries to the north, 
 where they might have a better prospect of support, for a rising 
 family. The same difficulty has ever presented itself to the 
 trustees, in their attempts to procure or retain able professors 
 and teachers. If we have a president or professor, who rises to 
 any degree of eminence, and promises usefulness to the institu- 
 tion, he has generally considered it his interest to leave us, and 
 go to some part of the United States, where talents and learning 
 are more in demand, and better rewarded. What we are able 
 to offer is below the market price. How humiliating is this fact 
 to those who are labouring to improve the state of literature in 
 our country! How different from that laudable national pride 
 which they would rejoice to feel, on seeing their efforts crowned 
 with success ! But there are other difficulties arising from the 
 want of funds, that forbid the progress of this institution to 
 eminence, and limlit its usefulness. The entire building is very 
 
78 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 small, entirely insufficient for the public demands. The rooms 
 of college, together with all the rooms that can be obtained in 
 the buildings appurtenant thereto, are insufficient for the accom- 
 modation of students now at college. Four or five students 
 occupy one room, when perhaps, there should not be more than 
 two to a room, were the college buildings sufficiently extensive. 
 Crowding them together in this manner, tends greatly to interrupt 
 their studies, and promote disorder. 
 
 Again, should the professors and teachers be willing to rely 
 for their support on the tuition money alone, and calculate on 
 their own talents and exertions, to secure the public patronage 
 and give celebrity to the institution; yet the future prospects of 
 public usefulness, and private advancement must be very limited, 
 until additional buildings shall be erected for the accommodation 
 of the students. 
 
 Influenced by these considerations, the trustees have thought 
 it expedient to propose to the friends of the institution, the erec- 
 tion of a new college building; and in order to effect it, they 
 will address themselves to the liberality of those who feel an in- 
 terest in the college, who have supported it thus far, and calcu- 
 late on this as the most convenient place to educate their sons. 
 
 The public are apprised of the loss we have recently sustained 
 in the death of our much lamented president the Rev. Dr. Moses 
 Hoge. The efforts we may make to improve the condition of the 
 college funds, may have much influence in procuring some one 
 to fill this vacancy, who may equal the wants and expectations 
 of the public. 
 
 Thus have we, acting in obedience to an order of the board 
 of trustees, given a brief history of the institution. We have 
 endeavored to give a general view of the buildings and funds of 
 college, their origin, their application, and present condition. We 
 have also pointed out some of the principal difficulties which 
 this institution has had to contend with, and lastly, we have 
 shown the present views and designs of the trustees to enlarge 
 the college buildings, so as to afford the students better and more 
 extensive accommodations. 
 
 To this we shall add some reflections which the occasion has 
 suggested. And in the first place we would address ourselves 
 to those who are in middle life, and whose children are at the 
 proper age to receive an education. When an application for 
 aid to enlarge the college buildings shall be mjade, will any who 
 profess to be the advocates of learning, be content to say, "These 
 are difficult times to embark in such an undertaking, and that 
 we had better postpone it for the present?" If this is not a favor- 
 able time, when will one more favorable occur? — We live but in 
 the present time. — Our children are now on our hands, and our 
 obligations to them as parents, demand of us, that we instruct 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 79 
 
 them in the best manner we can. Before what may be called 
 a favorable time shall arrive, the period of instruction will be 
 past, and we shall have fulfilled or omitted, the duty of parents, 
 and they will have obtained or lost the opportunity of educa- 
 tion. Are times as difficult now as when our fathers erected the 
 present college building? It was then the commencement of the 
 revolutionary war. There was something in the manly charac- 
 ter of those days, that made practicable, whatever was desired. 
 This spirit is well worthy of our imitation. 
 
 Whether the influence of this institution has compensated this 
 district of country, for the donations that have been made to 
 it — what has been the influence on the morals, manners, and 
 intelligence of the people, is a question which every one must 
 decide according to his own observations. But its effects are 
 not confined to this limited district of country. — The sons of 
 Hampden Sidney may be found scattered through the remotest 
 parts of the Union, occupying some of the most important sta- 
 tions in their country. 
 
 Of the original benefactors of this institution scarcely one re- 
 mains. And time has considerably thinned the ranks of those 
 who were first educated there. Yet some of these remain scat- 
 tered throughout the country to bear it honorable testimony. 
 Permit us to address ourselves to such and ask, what were the 
 expenses and sacrifices which your fathers made, under the pres- 
 sure of those times, to erect this seminary and procure your 
 education ? Do you disapprove of the course they took ? Or do 
 you not rather consider it the most valuable part of your paternal 
 estate ? Has it not greatly contributed to enable you to take that 
 rank in society which you have maintained? Is not the taste 
 for literature which you there acquired, one of the greatest 
 amusements and comforts in your retirement and decline of life? 
 We are persuaded there are but few, very few, who will not an- 
 swer these questions in the affirmative. It is not long since you 
 heard of the death of that polite and amiable man, that zealous 
 friend of science, who so greatly contributed to establish, and 
 first presided at Hampden Sidney. When the death of Samuel 
 Stanhope Smith was announced, many of you in private, wiped 
 from your cheek the tear of love and gratitude and lamented that 
 an opportunity had never offered to manifest your obligations to 
 him. Here is the early object of his affections — the child of his 
 youth — assist her, she stands in need of your aid — now bereaved, 
 she looks to you, and calls you her eldest sons — will you deny it ? 
 
 The erection of this seminary was a favorite object of our 
 fathers. "We will," said they, "begin it, our children will carry 
 it on. It will be in vain to purchase at the price of our blood, the 
 blessings of freedom for our descendants, if we do not give with 
 it, that mental improvement which will enable them to estimate 
 
8o CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 its value, and preserve the inheritance." Shall we fulfil these 
 just expectations, or have such reflections lost their influence on 
 the community ? 
 
 Matthew Lyle, 
 Thos. A. Morton, 
 Rich'd N. Venable. 
 
 The Anniversary of Hampden Sidney College. 
 
 The public examination of the Acadmy and of the College, will 
 commence on the last Monday in September. The trustees who 
 may attend, and the faculty of College, form the board of exami- 
 nation. 
 
 The examination of the candidates for diplomas of the Bache- 
 lor's degree will be on Wednesday A. M. 
 
 The annual meeting of the board of trustees will be on Wed- 
 nesday. 
 
 The public exercises of the Commencement will begin at n 
 o'clock on Thursday. 
 
 As business of unusual importance will come before the board, 
 the presence of every member is important. 
 
 The counsel and influence of the members from distant coun- 
 ties are solicited on this occasion; and their attendance as early 
 as on Tuesday will be gratifying to the trustees in the vicinity 
 of the College, and serviceable in preparing the business for the 
 annual meeting.] 
 
 1820. Sept. 28. Mr. Lyle. 
 
 Th. Miller, the Rev. Dr. Rice, W. S. Archer, and Henry E. 
 Watkins a committee to make application to the next Legislature 
 for aid to the funds of this institution. 
 
 Degrees conferred: 1 John B. Clauselle, Josiah Harris, Thomas 
 Davis. — Rev. A. W. Kilpatrick, Rev. Edward Baptist, Henry 
 Carrington, and John Dabney, admitted to the second degree 
 in the arts. 
 
 1 In this Calendar, the times for conferring degrees, the number of 
 degree men &c, have been carefully noted thus far. Hence forward 
 such items will be omitted, making the era of the Old College termi- 
 nate with the year of Dr. H'oge's death. The publication of Cata- 
 logues began in 1822, (for the session 1821-22) about the time when 
 the Yale catalogues begin, and several years before the University of 
 Pennsylvania began to issue catalogues. 
 
 Sixty seven A. B. degrees were conferred in course between 1786 
 and 1820. Of these, twenty four seem to have been ministers, four- 
 teen what might be called public men, four educators, and four physi- 
 cians. This is not a strict classification and the records are meagre. 
 No doubt most of the unaccounted for were masters of plantations. 
 
 In the circumstances a preponderance of ministers during this period 
 is to be expected. The General Catalogue [1776-1906] shows that of 
 

 2Ll 
 
 
 y? 
 
 
 i^V </\JgR 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 81 
 
 {To the Speakers and Members of the General Assembly of 
 Virginia : 
 
 The undersigned having been appointed a Committee by the 
 trustees of Hampden Sydney College to present a petition to the 
 General Assembly for pecuniary assistance, on behalf of said 
 College, beg leave respectfully to represent. 
 
 That the College aforesaid has been founded about fifty years, 
 that during all that period it has been supported almost exclu- 
 sively by the munificence of private individuals, that it has 
 reared a number of men of eminent usefulness in the country, 
 and some of distinguished abilities. That it is situated in the 
 centre of a section of the state important on account of the num- 
 bers, wealth, and general intelligence of its inhabitants ; that it 
 is favoured with a Charter, characterized by liberal views and 
 sound principles — that it is governed by a code of laws matured 
 T}y experience of half a century — that an enlarged course of 
 study is pursued by its members ; and that it is growing in repu- 
 tation. 
 
 The institution suffers however greatly in its highest interests, 
 for want of better accommodations for the students — at present 
 they are subjected to the great inconvenience of being crowded 
 together to the number of 4 or 5 in a single room in a small 
 building, much impaired by time — nevertheless, such is the esti- 
 mation in which the college is held, that with all these disad- 
 vantages it is still crowded, and would be frequented by much 
 greater numbers, could they by any possibility find accommoda- 
 tions — On this account it has appeared indispensable that new 
 college buildings should be erected. The present fund of the 
 institution (consisting of an income of five hundred dollars only) 
 
 the 940 degree men listed, half exactly have been ministers. Before 
 1820 there was a special impulse in that direction, due to the fact that 
 the President after 1807 was also Professor of Theology, acting either 
 for the Presbytery of Hanover or the Synod of Virginia. As tn 
 Paxtcn's case, Tutors in the College were at times employed on the 
 footing of post-graduate students in Theology, or it might be that the 
 theological student was assigned tutorial duties and at the end of his 
 studies in Theology was given a Bachelor's degree: presumably, hav- 
 ing followed the required curriculum. 
 
 The number of students in 1819 was sixty-three, in 1820, eighty 
 [MS records]. In 1835 President Cushing stated that the average 
 attendance from the foundation of the College had been about sixty. 
 Therefore, from estimates, the average before 1821 was about fifty. 
 It is interesting to observe that the average attendance at the three 
 Virginia Colleges was about the same from 1800 to 1821. See, His- 
 torical Papers, Washington and Lee University: Decades 1799-1829; 
 and History and General Catalogue College of William and Mary, p. 
 117— Total attendance at William and Mary, 1786-1823, 1645 students, 
 "average about forty five.' 
 
82 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 is so small that if the whole were exhausted the necessary build- 
 ings could scarcely be even put under cover. In this situation, 
 and under these circumstances, the trustees have determined to 
 apply to the Legislature for a part of the proceeds of the Literary 
 fund — and they hope the application will not be disregarded, 
 when it is considered, that Hampden Sidney is the only College 
 on the South side of James River, and perhaps the only Literary 
 Institution in that whole important and enlightened section of 
 country, that can present because of its celebrity, any very strong 
 claim at the present time, to public favour. — The undersigned 
 beg permission farther to suggest, that this large section of the 
 state, has never yet had a due share in the disbursements from 
 that fund, the object of which is to bring education in its best 
 forms as near as possible to every family in Virginia. The 
 undersigned herewith lay before the General Assembly a copy 
 of the Charter of Hampden Sydney College, framed by some of 
 the most virtuous and enlightened statesmen, who ever adorned 
 the country, together with a copy of the laws of the College as 
 they at present exist, the course of studies pursued in the insti- 
 tution, and a list of the Trustees under whose guardianship the 
 whole operations of the College are placed. 
 
 The undersigned conclude, by order of the Board of Trustees, 
 in praying the General Assembly to grant to the College afore- 
 said, from the proceeds of the Literary fund, such assistance 
 as in their wisdom may seem meet — and — as in duty bound they 
 will ever pray — 
 
 Wm. S. Archer of Amelia 
 Henry E. Watkins of Pr. Edward 
 Th. Miller of Powhatan 
 John H. Rice of Richmond. 
 
 From Copy preserved by Richard N. VenableJ] 
 
 1820. Sept. 29. Samuel W. Venable. 
 
 Whereas it is highly desirable that the various branches of 
 science and learning should be taught as perfectly as possible; 
 and inasmuch as this is most effectually accomplished by dividing 
 the business of instruction among a number of Professors, who 
 shall give their whole time and talents to the particular de- 
 partments committed to their care; and whereas there may be 
 public-spirited individuals or associations of individuals who, 
 for the promotion of sound and good learning in our country, 
 may be induced to establish professorships in the College: or- 
 dained, 
 
 1. That twenty thousand dollars shall be sufficient to estab- 
 lish a professorship in Hampden Sidney College. 
 
 2. That it shall be lawful for any person or association of 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 83 
 
 persons to endow a profesorship, and to designate the name by 
 which such professorship shall forever be distinguished. 
 
 3. That such persons or associations may erect buildings on 
 College lands assigned, for the accommodation of the professor 
 and of the pupils who may attend his lectures ; provided that the 
 whole of such institution be under the general laws of College. 
 
 4. That should a professorship of Theology be thus endowed, 
 the founders to have the privilege of nominating and the Trustees 
 of Hampden Sidney College that of appointing the professor; 
 in case of disagreement, those endowing such professorship to 
 receive and dispose of the proceeds of the funds during the 
 vacancy. 
 
 5. Provided, however, that a professor of Theology thus ap- 
 pointed and supported, shall not have a seat at the board of the 
 faculty of College, unless such professor should be president of 
 College. And provided also, that the students in College shall 
 not be required to attend the lectures of such professor in order 
 to obtain a diploma. 1 
 
 Revised Course of Studies adopted for Grammar School and 
 College. 
 
 Committee, J. H. Rice, R. N. Venable, John P. Wilson, Thomas 
 A. Morton, and Thomas Miller to draw up a subscription paper 
 containing a plan of the buildings necessary at Hampden Sidney 
 College, according to the views of this Board, and to appoint 
 fit and special agents to solicit donations upon the terms which 
 shall be stated in such subscription paper. 
 
 Messrs. Lyle, James Morton, Berkeley, Miller, and J. P. Wil- 
 son appointed a Committee of College for one year, or until an- 
 other Committee shall be appointed. Duty of • this committee 
 to examine the Students of the Academy and the classes of 
 College, at the Spring and Fall examinations, and the Senior 
 Class at their examinations for degrees of Bachelor of Arts, 
 and recommend such to the Board as they shall deem worthy of 
 diplomas — To devise and recommend practical means of en- 
 larging the Library and the Chemical and Philosophical appa- 
 ratus — To consult for the general improvement in the instruction 
 and government of College, audit the accounts of their own 
 expenditures for improvement, and to lay before the Board at 
 their annual meeting a written report, embracing everything on 
 which it concerns the Trustees of the institution to be informed. 
 
 The Faculty of College authorised and directed to publish 
 annually an account of the Corrrmencement, with the order of 
 the exercises and the names of the persons who have received 
 the honours of College. 
 
 ^hese are careful clauses, which must not have seemed very allur- 
 ing to those interested in the establishment of a department of theology. 
 
84 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 Resolved, that this Board considers it to be the bounden duty 
 of every member to attend the annual meetings at Commence- 
 ment. 
 
 1820. Nov. 10. Samuel W. Venable. 
 
 Form of the subscription paper to be circulated to obtain sub- 
 scriptions for building a new College — 
 
 'The local situation of Hampden Sidney College about midway 
 between James River and the line of North Carolina, the Blue 
 Ridge and tidewater, is such as to make it very convenient, and 
 therefore an important institution, to a large section of the 
 State. It has moreover a charter as ample and liberal as could 
 be wished, a code of laws approved by experience, a course of 
 studies sufficient for education, a good philosophical and chemi- 
 cal apparatus, and Teachers of known abilities and fidelity. Sur- 
 rounded as it is by an enlightened and moral population, it would 
 furnish the facilities of a liberal education to a very large and 
 respectable part of the citizens of Virginia much cheaper than 
 could be obtained at a greater distance, but for the want of suf- 
 ficiently large buildings. 
 
 At present it is necessary to crowd four or five students into a 
 single room, to their great inconvenience and the serious interrup- 
 tion of their studies. It is with difficulty that in this way fifty 
 or sixty young men can be accommodated. 
 
 The Trustees under the influence of these considerations have 
 determined to attempt the erection of a new building upon the 
 plan of Princeton College, which they think suited to the wants 
 and convenience of the public, and which as to size and general 
 appearance they mean to pursue, reserving to themselves the dis- 
 cretion of making such alterations as further reflection and ob- 
 servation may induce them to believe best, and which when com- 
 pleted will accommodate upwards of one hundred students. The 
 plan is such that the building may commence at one end and 
 progress according to the funds which may be commanded until 
 the whole shall be completed. 
 
 This institution was founded and has been supported by the 
 liberality and public spirit of an enlightened and generous peo- 
 ple. Appeals to that public spirit and liberality have never been 
 made altogether in vain. At this period, when a powerful im- 
 pulse has been given to the great subject of education, and its 
 importance is more fully understood and more deeply felt than 
 ever, the Trustees are confident that they shall not apply in 
 vain to the people of the southern section of the state for the 
 means of erecting a College, which will afford the opportunity 
 of giving their sons a complete education among themselves.' 
 
 Richard N. Venable, James Madison, Isaac Read, Henry A. 
 Watkins, James H. Fitzgerald, John P. Wilson, Samuel Branch, 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 85 
 
 Thomas Miller, W. S. Archer, James Bruce, William Carring- 
 ton, James Jones, and John H. Rice to obtain subscriptions in 
 their respective counties. Special agents also to be appointed. 
 
 1821. Jan. 15. Samuel W. Venable. 
 
 Instrument of writing adopted regarding a deed for four 
 acres of land made to the President and Trustees of Hampden 
 Sidney College by the Rev. Dr. Moses Hoge, in trust. — '* * 
 This lot and house was intended in the first place as the meet- 
 ing house or place for divine worship for that part of Cumber- 
 land congregation residing in Prince Edward County. But it 
 was also specially intended to benefit the College of Hampden 
 Sidney by affording a convenient and comfortable house for 
 divine worship to all belonging to said College and by affording 
 to the President, who has always hitherto been the minister of 
 the congregation, an opportunity of preaching to and meeting 
 with the congregation without leaving the care of the College. 
 This Board knowing the facts to be as here stated, and believing 
 that the interest of the College will be promoted by the accept- 
 ance of the transfer of the four acres of land aforesaid, for the 
 uses and purposes hereinbefore expressed in this statement more 
 fully and truly than in the deed itself, do hereby for ourselves 
 and for our successors on the terms aforesaid accept the same/ 1 
 
 /Before the building of this Church, (a brick structure which stood 
 for about forty years on the site of the present church), services at the 
 College had been held in the old Common Hall. A layman being 
 elected President of the College in 1821, conditions became much changed, 
 particularly when the theological seminary was established in 1823 and 
 the President of the College was conventionally to have nothing to do 
 with the training of theological students as such. After the new 
 church was built, President Cushing employed a chaplain (the Rev. 
 James Wharey) for a few months. In 1823 the Rev. J. D. Paxton, 
 who had been a Tutor in the College from 1810 to 1812, was installed 
 as Pastor of the College Church, or rather of the Cumberland congre- 
 gation, that part including the College Church. In his Reminiscences Dr. 
 Paxton says — 
 
 "In the autumn of the same year [1823] Dr. Rice moved to Prince 
 Edward and opened the theological school. A new state of things 
 was taking place. A large college building had been erected under the 
 general supervision of President Cushing; a new brick church had 
 been built, the old Hall removed, and preparations were being made to 
 put up buildings for the theological seminary * * * In a conver- 
 sation which I had with Mr. Jefferson, on an occasional visit to Char- 
 lottesville, he took pains to state and explain [his plan for chaplains] 
 to me, and expressed a wish that the Presbyterians, who up to that 
 time had done more to promote education than any other branch of 
 the Church in the south, would avail themselves of the opportunity. 
 
 The congregation owned a number of slaves, who were hired out 
 annually, and the proceeds applied to pay the salary of their pastor. On 
 finding that my support was drawn almost entirely from these slaves, 
 for whose instruction very little was done, I felt more and more uneasy. 
 
86 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 Samuel W. Venable at the same time presented to the Board 
 a deed for eleven acres, one rood, and thirty seven poles of 
 land made by himiself to the President and Trustees of the Col- 
 lege in trust for the use of the congregation aforementioned. 
 
 1821. Apr. 26. Dr. Rice. 
 
 Clement Carrington, W. M. Watkins, Thomas A. Morton, 
 Henry A. Watkins, and Isaac Read appointed a Committee to 
 receive proposals and to contract for the building of a College 
 edifice of brick, size and description specified. 
 
 The Treasurer directed to withdraw from the Fire Insurance 
 Company, when he shall have paid the instalments now due from 
 the College. 
 
 1821. Sept. 26-27. Dr. Rice. 
 
 The College Librarian to take charge of the books and prop- 
 erty of the Prince Edward Library Company which has ceased 
 to act. Union Society permitted to withdraw from the said 
 Library such books as they may have deposited as a contribution 
 for shares &c. 
 
 Death of Colo. Samuel W. Venable — 'Hampden Sidney Col- 
 lege has lost one of her firmest supporters, and her board of 
 Trustees one of its most efficient members.' 1 
 
 The report of the Committee of College was received by the 
 Board [14 pp.] — 
 
 'Your committee will remark in the first place that such have 
 been the order and discipline in College, and the attention of 
 the students to their studies during the last twelve months that 
 they have never been convened by the Faculty for the purpose 
 of correcting any irregularity in the deportment of the students 
 of the institution, nor have they been informed of any which 
 would have rendered their being convened either necessary or 
 proper. This fact is alike creditable to the officers of College and 
 
 and desired much to do something for them. A good many slaves 
 attended church, and occasionally I preached specially to them. My 
 father owned a family of slaves and I had grown up with them. My 
 wife's father, who was a slave holder, gave and sent to her [on coming 
 to Prince Edward] a family of house servants, seven or eight in num- 
 ber, most of them small. These we sent to Liberia. * * * I sold 
 my house and small tract of land at a great sacrifice, and left for the 
 free states with my family. 
 
 [cf. Paxton's Letters on Slavery Addressed to the Cumberland Congre- 
 gation, Lexington, Kentucky 1833] 
 
 x "During the whole of his life Dr. Alexander was accustomed to 
 speak of Mr. Venable as the most remarkable instance of wisdom 
 matured by experience and observation that he had ever known." 
 
 Life of Archibald Alexander, p. 130. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 87 
 
 the young gentlemen attached thereto' — Detailed report regarding 
 the studies and the examinations in Academy and College — 'With 
 regard to the Philosophical and Chemical Apparatus belonging 
 to the institution, your Committee report, that it has been some- 
 what increased and put into a state of complete preservation 
 since the last meeting of the Trustees. It is sufficient for an 
 enlarged course of experiments in those departments of science, 
 and although it would be very desirable to have more additions 
 made to it, with the present restricted funds of College your 
 committee decline recommending any immediate appropriation 
 for that purpose. The Library of College is very deficient, con- 
 sisting only of five hundred volumes, which are however in a 
 good state of preservation, and are the production of the most 
 useful and approved authors. * * A Committee has been ap- 
 pointed specially for the purpose of ascertaining whether the 
 Library of the Prince Edward Company has not reverted to the 
 College. If such should be found to be the fact here would arise 
 at once a very considerable and valuable addition to the College 
 Library. 1 — The next subject to which your committee would 
 call attention of the Board of Trustees relates to the 
 Steward's department as connected with College. The import- 
 ance of having a Steward who will provide wholesome and com- 
 fortable diet, and a sufficiency of it too, for the students, must 
 be obvious to every one — without such constant supply the Col- 
 lege cannot prosper for any length of time * * It may be 
 proper to remark that the Steward should likewise be a man, 
 moral, kind, and affectionate, one whose example would never 
 prove detrimental, whose advice might often be beneficial.' — 
 Recommendations regarding a new house for the President — ■ 
 'Finally your Committee will observe that during their last ses- 
 sion the General Assembly of Virginia pledged themselves by 
 a solemn act that the next money in the way of income which 
 arose to the Literary Fund above the present appropriation from 
 its revenue should be appropriated as far as twenty thousand 
 dollars annually to such Colleges, academies, and intermediate 
 schools as the Legislature might deem fit objects of endowment. 
 To a respectable portion of this appropriation, whensoever such 
 pledge shall be redeemed, from its antiquity, the character of 
 its founders as illustrated by its liberal and patriotic Charter, 
 from the fact that it has been almost exclusvely sustained by 
 the efforts of private individuals, from its hitherto extensive use- 
 fulness as evinced by the number of distinguished men and 
 
 ^oth Literary Societies, (the Union established in 1789, the Philan- 
 thropic in 1805) had been purchasing books for a good many years. 
 It has been estimated that the two Societies spent, before 1890, as 
 much as $20,000 for books. These libraries have been for some twenty 
 years made over to the College. 
 
88 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 worthy citizens whom it has sent forth to benefit and enlighten 
 their country, from its present enlarged course of studies and 
 plan of operation now going into effect, from the zeal, ability, and. 
 benevolence of its patrons, and from its local situation, it is be- 
 lieved the College of Hampden Sidney is fully and justly entitled; 
 and your Committee have too much confidence in the wisdom,, 
 justice, and magnanimity of their representatives to think for a. 
 moment that it will be much longer withheld.' — Recommended 
 that a committee be appointed to act jointly with the Faculty in 
 corresponding on this subject with the Directors of William and 
 Mary and of Washington College. 1 
 
 Mr. Peter McViccar of Maryland, a graduate of Union Col- 
 lege in New York, to be Preceptor of the Academy, in the place 
 of Mr. Harris, who has resigned that station — having spent one 
 year of laborious exertions in the service of the College, merits 
 for his conduct the thanks of the Board of Trustees. 
 
 Jonathan P. Cushing, Professor of Chemistry and Natural 
 Philosophy was elected President of the institution. 
 
 Colo. Armistead Burwell elected Steward. 
 
 1 The following extracts are of interest, as showing the status of this, 
 matter. Mr. Jefferson's idea was distinct, and he was not to be drawn 
 aside. The material is taken from the very interesting Early History 
 of the University of Virginia, as contained in the letters of Thomas 
 Jefferson and Joseph C. Cabell [edited by N. F. Cabell, Hampden 
 Sidney, 1825]. Richmond, 1856. 
 Cabell to Jefferson, Richmond, Jan 14, 1822 [p. 233-34] — 
 'I have had a very long interview with Mr. Rice. He and myself 
 differed on some points; but agreed in the propriety of a firm union 
 between the friends of the University and the Colleges, as to measures 
 of common interest, and of postponing for future discussion and settle- 
 ment points on which we differ * * Mr. Rice assured me that he 
 was a warm friend of the University/ 
 
 Note by the Editor, regarding Dr. Rice [p 236] — 
 
 'It is believed that Virginia did not contain within her broad limits 
 and among her most enlightened sons, one who was more truly attached' 
 to her soil and people, or who more ardently desired both the diffusion 
 of knowledge among the masses and the improvement of education in its- 
 higher grades.' 
 
 Cabell to Jefferson, Richmond, Jan 23, 1823 — 
 
 'As to colleges and academies I differ from some of our friends. I 
 would vote for an appropriation to Hampden Sidney, and not wait 
 till the funds shall be sufficient for the whole corps of colleges. I 
 think some aid to that college would now be useful and well timed.*" 
 
 Jefferson to Cabell, Monticello, Jan 28, 1823, [p. 271.] — 
 
 'I still differ from you as to giving a dollar to Hampden Sidney. 
 Let this, with all the other intermediate academies, be taken up in* 
 their turn and provided for systematically and proportionally. To give 
 to that singly will be a departure from principle, will make the others 
 
William H. Cabell. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 89 
 
 Committee to furnish to the President and Directors of the 
 Literary fund the information for which they ask in their adver- 
 tisement published in the Richmond Enquirer. 
 
 Mr. Gilbert Morgan shall for the ensuing year teach the 
 Mathematical classes in College, and shall also teach such other 
 branches of science as may be assigned him by the President of 
 College and the Committee for instructors. Mr. Jacob T. B„ 
 Skillman for the ensuing year to teach the Languages in College 
 together with such other branches of science as may in like 
 manner be assigned to him. 
 
 [To the President and Directors of the Literary Fund — Nov. 
 25, 1821 : 
 
 The College building is an old brick house containing twelve 
 rooms, — we have also a house for the library, philosophical and 
 chemical apparatus, a President's and steward's establishment, 
 a house designed for the assembling of the students on public 
 occasions, and a small brick house intended for the residence of a 
 professor. 
 
 our enemies, and is not necessary. The University is advanced to that 
 point, from which it must and will carry itself through.' 
 
 Cabell to Jefferson, [During a session of the Legislature] Feb II, 1823, 
 [p. 277]— 
 'The Hampden Sidney interest was opposed to us. The influence of 
 William and Mary, as usual, was adverse' [regarding a loan for erecting 
 the buildings of the University] 
 
 Jefferson to Cabell, Monticello, Dec 22, 1824 [p. 322] — 
 
 'Divide the state into college districts of about eighty miles square 
 each * * * The districts might be so laid off that the principal 
 towns and the academies now existing, might form convenient sites 
 for their colleges, as for example, Williamsburg, Richmond, Fredericks- 
 burg, Hampden Sidney, Lynchburg, or Lexington, Staunton, Winches- 
 ter &c. * * You will remember, that of the three bills I originally 
 gave you, one was for these district colleges, and going into the neces- 
 sary details.' 
 
 Jefferson to Cabell, Mbnticello, Jan. 22, 1825. [p. 335] — 
 
 T have not meddled with the Lexington academy, because it is a 
 mere private institution, founded by Gen. Washington with property 
 made completely his own. Its case is therefore totally different from the 
 public institution of William & Mary. Foreseeing that Hampden Sidney 
 will not consent to accept of the new character proposed for her, I have 
 provided for a substitute in Nottoway, as more equally distant from the 
 Colleges of Richmond and Lynchburg, and reasonably so from Hamp- 
 den Sidney.' 
 
 [See Bill, which was never brought up, Appendix, p. 499.] 
 
 Cabell to Jefferson, Richmond, Feb 10, 1826. [p. 370-371] 
 
 M would fix in the bill the maximum appropriation to each and all the 
 
90 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 The property held by the College consists of 120 acres of 
 land on which the College stands, and a small tract in the vicinity 
 which rents for $120 — We have twenty eight shares in the Bank 
 of the U. States and 48 in the Bank of Virginia. There are a 
 few more shares standing in the name of the Trustees, but they 
 have been given for special and not the general purposes of 
 College [for the theological school]. The income of the College 
 exclusive of tuition for the year 1820 was $246, for the year 
 182 1 it is $308. Two tracts of escheated land given by the Com- 
 monwealth in 1784 and 1794 were sold in the year 1807 (except 
 a small tract near the College) for $4000 | $6159, vested in 
 
 2159 ) 
 bank stock. [Cf. Minutes, Jan 15, 1807] A lottery authorized 
 was very little profitable. 
 
 During the last year we have received by private donation 
 $13,400 which it is estimated will be sufficient to erect one wing 
 and the centre building of the College contemplated by the 
 Trustees, who have accordingly contracted for so much of the 
 work. 
 
 From papers preserved by Richard N. V enable — not a copy.] 
 
 colleges; I think $1000 each, or $9000 to all, per annum, would be 
 enough. This would give two salaries of $500 to two professors ; these, 
 with the fees, would be competent, I should suppose. * * * The Col- 
 lege of Hampden Sidney might apply for the location in the district where 
 it is situated. Or, perhaps it would be better to legislate specially, by 
 separate bill, as to that college, giving it an annuity revocable at the will 
 of the Legislature, and leaving its Charter as it is. The other two col- 
 leges want nothing. I think we ought to take no notice of them in our 
 bill ; and their open avowal not to come under the control of the State, is 
 a sufficient justification. If the friends of Hampden Sidney should be 
 strong enough to force it into the bill, we must make the best terms we 
 can. I would wish to do something for that institution; it has been and 
 will be useful; and is supported by a most respectable population. But 
 we should never lose sight of the whole State.' 
 
 Editor's Note. [p. 236] 
 
 'The friends of Hampden Sidney College may also learn, from this 
 correspondence, that there was no particular desire on the part of the 
 Visitors of the University to depress that institution. They did not deny 
 its former usefulness or capacity for future service. Believing that a 
 general system of education for the whole State should embrace primary 
 schools, colleges, and a single university; and thinking it but just that 
 all of the second class which received aid from the State, should, like 
 the University, come under State control ; when the condition was 
 rejected they acquiesced in an arrangement which appears to be better 
 suited to our peculiar circumstances and which has certainly succeeded 
 beyond all prior expectations — that of leaving each sect to establish its 
 own college and academies, and using the funds of the State princi- 
 pally for the maintenance of a University * * * and for the tuition 
 of the poor.' 
 
William S. Morton. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 91 
 
 1822. Mar. 18. Mr. Lyle. 
 
 Committee appointed to inquire what accommodation should 
 be made for the Steward by way of enlarging the dining room, 
 reported that it would be more expedient to build a brick house 
 two stories high 60x22 feet in the clear for a kitchen and dining 
 room. Bank stock to be sold for the purpose, if sufficient dona- 
 tions cannot be obtained. 
 
 President Cushing, R. N. Venable, and W. S. Morton a com- 
 mittee to fix on the site of the new College building. 
 
 1822. Apr. 25. William M. Watkins. 
 
 Thomas A. Morton authorised to sell and transfer eighteen 
 shares of the stock of the Bank of the United States belonging 
 to the College. [Stock in Bank of Virginia to be sold. Apr. 24, 
 
 1823.] 
 
 Committee to inquire into the expediency of changing the ses- 
 sions and vacations of Academy and College into three instead 
 of two, and of enlarging the studies of the Academy so as to 
 lessen those of College, and of making any change in the studies 
 of the Classes of College so as to render them more suitable to 
 the capacities of the students. 
 
 Mr. William Blauvelt elected Tutor of Languages in the place 
 of Mr. Skillman who has left the institution. 1 
 
 Committee to employ teachers to make no contract with the 
 President and Teachers for the next year, for any payment from 
 the funds, until debts and expenses be paid. 
 
 1822. Oct. 31. Richard N. Venable. 
 
 The third story of the centre building of the. new College edi- 
 fice to be appropriated to the use of the two Societies of Col- 
 lege (the Union and the Philanthropic), to be laid off into rooms 
 and finished (under the control of the Building Committee) as 
 the said Societies may think proper, the President and Trustees 
 not being liable for a greater expense than they are subject to 
 under their agreement with the contractors. Rents of rooms in 
 the new College building, for the large rooms $36 and for the 
 small $24. 
 
 Graduates of this institution or of any other, in regular stand- 
 ing, who rriay resort here to study any of the Learned Profes- 
 sions or to make further advancement in literature or science to 
 
 Gilbert Morgan, J. T. B. Skillman, and Peter McViccar, appointed 
 Tutors from 1819 to 1821, were graduates of Union College. Gilbert 
 Morgan was for some ten years President of the Western University of 
 Pennsylvania at Pittsburg [1836-1845]. 
 
 Mr. Blauvelt (a graduate of Rutgers College) died in 1888, having 
 been pastor and pastor-emeritus of the Presbyterian Church at Laming- 
 ton, New Jersey for more than sixty years. 
 
92 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 enjoy such advantages as the institution can afford, but during 
 their residence here to be subject to all the laws relating to order 
 and morality. 
 
 Every species of noise or disturbance within or near the Col- 
 lege buildings and all games or sports against or near their walls 
 are prohibited. 
 
 No student to enter or approach the Commons Hall, or any 
 of the Steward's apartments, before the usual signal for meals is 
 given; nor shall any student abuse or molest any servant who 
 shall wait on the table in the hall. 
 
 1823. Sept. 26. Colo. C. Carrington. 
 
 Hereafter there shall be no recess from studies in this institu- 
 tion at Christmas except on Christmas-day, and on that day there 
 shall only be a cessation from study, but no relaxation in the 
 other discipline of College. 
 
 Salaries of officers after Nov. I, 1824 — Should the number of 
 students be 100, the President (who is also Professor of Natural 
 Philosophy and Chemistry) to receive $1600; the two College 
 teachers $900 each and one half board; the Grammar teacher 
 $600 and board. If number of students should be more than 100,. 
 one fourth the surplus to be divided between the President and 
 the two College teachers, balance to be at the disposal of the 
 Board. If number of Students less than 100, tuition fees to be 
 divided in the proportion of the above salaries. 
 
 1823. Oct. 31. William Berkeley. 
 
 Committee to rent out the Tavern and other tenements be- 
 longing to the College at the place called French's Old Store, 
 to submit a plan for the improvement of the property. 1 
 
 Each student occupying a room in the new College building 
 to pay $12 for the two sessions, room rent and servant's hire. 
 
 Committee appointed to solicit aid to this institution of the 
 Legislature. 
 
 Faculty to have the power of requiring three recitations a day 
 of such College classes as they may think proper. 
 
 Another teacher to be employed, 'provided the present Faculty 
 appropriate a part of their salaries as a compensation for his; 
 services.' 
 
 1824. July 2. Colo. Carrington. 
 
 Building Committee to settle the accounts of workmen for 
 work done on the new College building, and to receive the work 
 if they think proper [Messrs. Phaup and Perry, Contractors]. 
 
 1 French's Store — French's Old Store — King's Tavern — Kingsville. In 
 the development of our place names, how fortunate if the compound in 
 -ville has been avoided. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 93 
 
 John H. Rice and Henry E. Watkins added to the Committee 
 to secure officers of College — such characters to be secured as 
 will be qualified to fill the office of Professors should the Board 
 at their general meeting in September next appoint Professors. 
 
 1824. Sept. 23-24. Colo. Carrington. 
 
 Committee to sell the houses called French's Old Store, and 
 land adjacent not to exceed 150 acres. 
 
 Report of Committee to revise and arrange the course of 
 studies : — 
 
 Academy attached to College 
 
 Adam's Latin Grammar ; Corderius ; Epitome Historiae Sacrae ; 
 Latin Tutor; Caesar's Commentaries; Virgil and Latin Prosody; 
 Sallust; Cicero's Orations. 
 
 Hackenberg's Greek Grammar, by Goodrich ; Greek Delectus ; 
 Jacob's Greek Reader; Dalzel's Collectanea Graeca Minora, and 
 Greek Prosody ; Neilson's Greek Exercises, and Knappius' Greek 
 Testament. 
 
 Lempriere's Classical Dictionary, Tooke's Pantheon, and 
 Adam's Roman Antiquities to be consulted and studied so that 
 the student may explain all Classic allusions. 
 
 Murray's English Grammar, Webber's Arithmetic, Elements 
 of Geography and Ancient History. 
 
 The Students are to perform such exercises in elocution and 
 composition as the Preceptor may direct. 
 
 College. 
 
 Each class has two studies and a daily recitation in each study, 
 except the Senior Class. 
 
 Fresh. Class — Winter Session 
 
 1. Cambridge Course of Mathematics, — Lacroix's Arithmetic, 
 
 Euler's Algebra, Legendre's Geometry commenced. 
 
 2. Cicero's orations reviewed, Livy, Graeca Majora Vol. 1st, — 
 the historians Herodotus and Xenophon. Composition and Dec- 
 lamation. 
 
 Summer Session. 
 
 1. Legendre's Geometry completed; Graeca Majora, 2nd vol. 
 — Homer and the Minor Poets; Horace's Odes, and Greek and 
 Latin Prosody. 
 
 2. English Grammar, Murray's 8 vo. vol ; Blair's Lectures on 
 Rhetoric ; and Exercises in elocution. Latin and Greek Exer- 
 cises, and Roman Antiquities continued through the year. 
 
94 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 Sophomore Class — Winter Session. 
 
 i. Hedge's Logic, Morses's Geography 8vo. Vol., Ty tier's 
 Elements of History and Chronology. 
 
 2. Graeca Majora, — Thucidydes, Lysias, Isocrates, and Demos- 
 thenes; Tacitus. Declamation and Composition. 
 
 Summer Session. 
 
 1. Lacroix's Algebra; Analytical Geometry commenced; Plane 
 and Spherical Trigonometry and Algebra applied to Geometry. 
 
 2. Excerpta Latina — Quinctilian and Cicero, Graeca Majora — 
 Dionysius, Longinus, and Aristotle. 
 
 Translations from English into Latin and Greek through the 
 year. 
 
 Declamation; compositions every four weeks through the year. 
 
 Junior Class — Winter Session. 
 
 1. Chemistry with experiments and illustrations. Graeca 
 Majora — Aristotle, Sophocles, and Euripides ; Horace. 
 
 2. Algebra applied to Conic Sections; Topography, or the ap- 
 plication of Geometry to Projections; Dialling; Mensuration of 
 Heights and Distances ; Navigation ; Nautical Astronomy ; Sur- 
 veying; Levelling &c; Fluxions. 
 
 Composition and Declamation. 
 Summer Session. 
 
 i. Enfield's Natural Philosophy — Mechanics; Pneumatics; 
 Hydrostatics ; Magnetism ; Electricity ; and Optics. 
 
 2. Cicero's Philosophical Works; Graeca Majora — Xenophon's 
 Memorabilia, Plato and Aristotle. Compositions in Latin and 
 Greek. 
 
 Declamation; Composition in English every three weeks 
 through the year. 
 
 Senior Class — Winter Session. 
 
 i. Stewart's Philosophy of the Mind, 1st Vol., Campbell's 
 Philosophy of Rhetoric ; Paley's Moral and Political Philosophy ; 
 Astronomy. 
 
 2. Reviews — Mathematics and the Latin and Greek Classics. 
 
 Summer Session. 
 
 i. Stewart's Philosophy of the Mind, 2nd Vol.; Chemistry 
 and its applications ; Mineralogy ; Geology ; Laws of Nature and 
 Nations, by Vattel. 
 
 2. Reviews — Natural Philosophy and Astronomy. Paley's 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 95 
 
 Evidences once a week through the year. Lectures are given 
 on the most important subjects of the course. 
 
 Dissertations every two weeks; orations every four weeks; 
 and forensics every eight weeks through the year. 
 
 The members of each class are required to declaim in public 
 once a month ; the Senior Class to pronounce orations of their 
 own composition. 
 
 Private instruction will be given in the Oriental and Modern 
 Languages. 1 
 
 The Rev. James Marsh was elected the Professor of Lan- 
 guages and Belles Letters. 2 
 
 W. H. Cabell, Henry E. Watkins, and Thomas Miller a Com- 
 mittee to solicit aid, to this institution, of the Legislature. 
 
 1824. Dec. 20. Dr. Rice. 
 
 Respectful petition of the Students regarding a Christmas 
 recess. Faculty authorised to grant a recess not exceeding ten 
 days — 'in the opinion of the Board the custom of Virginia makes 
 it proper that students should have some short recess at Christ- 
 mas.' 
 
 1 History, among other things, is a good deal vanity. Granted its im- 
 portance, a history of a College might well be a sort of Browning affair 
 — a series of narratives (or calendars) from different points of view. 
 For instance, that of the Trustees, the Treasurer, the Faculty, the Lit- 
 erary Societies, the Alumni as on record in their reminiscences. For 
 Hampden Sidney College, when the turn of the Literary Societies came 
 to speak through their records, a very remarkable showing would be 
 made, and emphatically during the period when the curriculum given 
 above was in force. The vigorous English of the Society records for 
 that period is a matter of wonder to the reader, grown accustomed to 
 the species of shabby shorthand which has been waxing as a habit ever 
 since 1840 — not only in these records. What was it that brought about 
 the change? The Mexican war? The railroads? The Associated 
 Press? Nobody can say. Whatever the reason, it is a fact that when 
 College boys were grilled more or less by the Schoolman's recipe the 
 results intellectually were nothing despicable. 
 
 2 Dr. Rice, pastor of a church in Richmond for ten years before return- 
 ing to Hampden Sidney in 1823, was instrumental in furthering the for- 
 tunes of a good many New Englanders in the South. One of his ser- 
 vants in Richmond got into the habit of thinking that any strange looking 
 man who came to the door was possibly a New Englander. Dr. Rice 
 introduced both President Cushing and Professor Marsh to Hampden 
 Sidney. Marsh said of Dr. Rice in 1823, "taking him all in all I value 
 his character more than that of any man I have yet known, decidedly." 
 James Marsh came first to Hampden Sidney in the winter of 1823. He 
 stayed a few months, and returned in December. He was an all round 
 linguist, and his services were retained both by the College and the 
 Theological School. While at Hampden Sidney he began his transla- 
 tion of Herder's Spirit of Hebrew Poetry, and he was active in the 
 organization of the Literary and Philosophical Society. See, Memoir by 
 J. Torrey [Prefixed to Remains] Boston, 1843, pp. 56-76. 
 
96 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 1825. Apr. 29. William Berkeley. 
 
 The Board to wear crape for one month — 'fully sensible of the 
 public services and private virtues of the late Carter Page of 
 Cumberland County and duly appreciating the loss which this 
 Institution has sustained in the death of so valuable a member 
 of their body.' 1 
 
 1825. Sept. 28-29-30. Col. Carrington. 
 
 Degree of LL.D. conferred upon Benjamin Watkins Leigh, 
 Esqr. of Richmond — 'evidence of high consideration for his 
 character and attainments.' 
 
 Committee reported that they had sold a part of the College 
 lands called French's Old Store. 
 
 Mr. Peter McViccar elected Professor of Mathematics. 
 
 Hereafter an examination of the Students of the College to 
 be on the 2ist, 226., and 23d of December, on the previous studies 
 of that session. 
 
 Subscriptions to be solicited to be applied to the erection of 
 another wing to the College edifice. 
 
 1826. July 1. Col. Carrington. 
 
 No student to be required to board in Commons. Committee 
 authorized to rent out the present Commons establishment and 
 the old Steward's establishment. 
 
 No student permitted to board at any tavern, or at any house 
 not licensed by the Board of Trustees; license to be annually 
 renewed, and such boarding houses to be under the control of 
 the College authorities. Price nowhere to exceed $9 per month. 
 In renting the present Steward's establishment the two east rooms 
 and the south room in the second story to be reserved for the use 
 of officers. Tenant to board two officers and two servants as 
 heretofore. 
 
 1826. Sept. 29. James Jones. 
 
 Treasurer's report — balance due him seventeen pounds two 
 shillings and one half penny. 
 
 Committee of repairs to make such repairs in the old College 
 building as they may think expedient. 
 
 *In the Revolutionary war Major Carter Page had been a member 
 of Lafayette's staff. He was President Cushing's father in law. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 97 
 
 Mr. James Marsh tendered his resignation as Professor of 
 Languages. 1 
 
 Six hundred dollars appropriated to the Faculty as a salary 
 in addition to the tuition fees, to be distributed in the same man- 
 ner as the money derived from that source. 
 
 1826. Oct. 12. Dr. Rice. 
 
 Committee to sell four or six acres of the land given to the 
 College by Martin Saylors, to any officer of College for a house- 
 lot upon terms and conditions to be approved. 
 
 Gait Bequest — The late William Gait of Richmond hath be- 
 queathed, by his last will and testament thirty shares in the 
 [Farmer's] Bank of Virginia to the Trustees of Hampden Syd- 
 ney College in trust for the benefit of the Theological Seminary 
 under the care of the Presbytery of Hanover : Resolved by this 
 Board that they are perfectly willing that executors of the late 
 William Gait should convey the same to James Caskie or to any 
 other person or persons whom the Presbytery of Hanover may 
 elect to receive them. 2 
 
 1827. Apr. 25. Richard N. Venable. 
 
 J., of Nelson County, having been disgracefully dismissed 
 by the Faculty from the institution for firing pistols within the 
 College buildings (during an examination), neglect of studies, 
 insolence to an officer, going to the shops and trading on Sunday, 
 profane swearing, locking a recitation-room door with a class 
 in the room, and general disorder and irregularity, and having 
 refused to leave College at the time specified by the Faculty — 
 resolved, that the said J. be expelled. 
 
 1827. Sept. 25-26-27. Col. Carrington— Dr. Rice. 
 
 Committee which made the loan to the Upper Appomattox 
 Company instructed to require a sufficient security. 
 
 ^'From first to last Mr. Marsh was connected with Hampden Sidney 
 College about three years, a time hardly sufficient to enable him fully to 
 realize any of his plans. But when he was called, as he soon was, into 
 another field, he left behind him an impression of his competency to 
 fulfil the highest expectations of his friends ; and during that short 
 period many young minds took from him a direction which decided 
 their character for life, as was long afterwards, in several cases, grate- 
 fully acknowledged. In October, 1826, Mr. Marsh was appointed Presi- 
 dent of the University in his native State [Vermont]" J. Torrey, 
 Memoir &c p. 76. 
 
 "William Gait was the uncle of John Allan, adoptive father of Edgar 
 Poe. 'Mr. Gait was one of the wealthiest men in the State.' cf. Life and 
 Letters of Edgar Allan Poe, By James A. Harrison, New York, 1902, 
 I, 16. 
 
98 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 Mr. William N. Page was appointed Professor of the Latin 
 Language and Roman Literature. 
 
 Mr. Hugh A. Garland was appointed Professor of the Greek 
 Language and Greek Literature. 1 
 
 William S. Morton appointed Clerk to the Board of Trustees 
 of Hampden Sydney College, to continue in office during the. 
 pleasure of the Board, at an annual Salary not exceeding thirty 
 dollars. 
 
 Committee to draft a memorial setting forth the wants of this 
 institution, to be presented to the Legislature or brought before 
 its consideration through the medium of the Board, of Managers, 
 of the Literary Fund. 
 
 1828. June 7. Richard N. Venable. 
 
 t Committee to take into consideration the expediency of estab- 
 lishing a wood-yard at College, or to devise some means by which 
 the students can be furnished with a constant supply of fuel on 
 reasonable terms. 2 
 
 1828. Sept. 26. Richard N. Venable. 
 
 Course of studies revised, e. g. Lacroix's Algebra transferred 
 from the summer to the winter session of the Sophomore Class,, 
 and Graeca Majora stricken out of the course of studies ; Natural 
 Philosophy commenced in the winter session and Astronomy in 
 the Summer session of the Junior year; Say's Political Economy- 
 introduced in the Summer Session of the Senior Class in the place 
 of the second volume of Stewart's Philosophy of the Mind. A 
 Science Course of Studies for three years for such students as 
 do not. study the ancient languages. On motion, resolved that 
 those students of the Junior Class who wish to obtain a knowl- 
 edge of the pronunciation and idioms of the modern languages 
 may be permitted to omit such portions of the Latin and Greek 
 languages of that class as the Faculty shall think proper, except 
 Horace and Sophocles. 
 
 Mr. Cushing authorised to rent a house for Professor Page,, 
 price not to exceed $ioo. 
 
 ^ugh A. Garland, of the Class of 1825, was Clerk of the House of 
 Representatives during the administration of Van Buren, and has been 
 anathematized by John Quincy Adams for doing no more than his 
 duty in refusing to pass upon the credentials of members at the organi- 
 zation of a House — December 1839. See, Shepard's Martin Van Buren 
 [American Statesmen], pp. 319-322. 
 
 Garland's Life of John Randolph, a most careful work, is still worth 
 a careful reading. 
 
 2 After a century and a third, the price of cord-wood locally is $3 for 
 oak, and $2^ for pine — encouraging to those who may not be absolute- 
 conservationists. Except within the last twenty years little coal has 
 been used. 
 
Jonathan P. Cushing. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 99 
 
 1828. Oct. 31-Nov. 1. Richard N. Venable. 
 
 Two hundred acres of the land belonging to the College to be 
 sold, adjoining the lands heretofore sold to George King and 
 others. 
 
 A Committee to apply to the General Assembly for pecuniary 
 aid to this College. 
 
 Resolved, that the Rev. Dr. Rice, President Cushing, and 
 Richard N. Venable be a committee to prepare a history of the 
 College, and report to a future meeting of the Board. 1 
 
 The revision of the laws was completed, and the laws as re- 
 vised were ordered to be printed. 
 
 1829. Apr. 21. R. N. Venable. 
 
 Authorization of transfer of funds of the Presbytery of Han- 
 
 x Like movements for woman's suffrage, American independence, im- 
 proved agriculture or anything else, the idea of putting together a his- 
 tory of Hampden Sidney College goes back a long time. In 1782 it was 
 proposed to enter in a book every item of historical importance regard- 
 ing the institution. This book was seriously begun, given over, and has 
 disappeared, all but a few pages. Apparently nothing came of the motion 
 of October, 1828. A few years later Dr. G. W. Dame, a nephew of 
 President Cushing and at the time a Professor in the College, was ap- 
 pointed by the alumni to write a history of the College. He went indus- 
 triously about the task, talked with early Trustees and pupils of the first 
 two Presidents, and had collected much material, when objection was 
 made to the enterprise on the ground that the author was not a mem- 
 ber of any church, and should not be allowed to write the history of 
 a Presbyterian College. Professor Dame replied that he had been ap- 
 pointed to write the history of a literary institution and not of a theologi- 
 cal school, for if Dr. Smith the elder spoke truly Hampden Sidney was 
 in no sense a sectarian institution — "but as Mr. W. (a minister) was so 
 much opposed to my writing it — a member of no church and of no 
 church predilections — I would not touch the work and immediately re- 
 signed. I gave my papers to some one, I do not know to whom. I had a 
 catalogue of all the students who have ever been there and gave it to the 
 Trustees, but I understand that was lost by the Secretary whose duty it 
 was to take care of it." The fate of these papers shows how effective a 
 little spleen may be, working together with a little negligence. On the 
 historical side the College has lost greatly because it has had no definite 
 repository, well administered, until within very recent years. 
 
 About 1850 Dr. Foote published his extraordinary volumes, from 
 which a very fair history of the first fifty years of the College may be 
 compiled. Every writer since Dr. Foote has drawn largely upon his 
 narrative— Charles Martin in 1859, (Magazine) ; Col. Fitzgerald in 1871 ; 
 Reid Mcllwaine in 1888 (Appendix, Thomas Jefferson and the Univer- 
 sity of Virginia) ; Dr. Richard Mcllwaine in numerous addresses and 
 circulars; and even the late Dr. Henneman. Dr. Henneman, however, 
 did a vast amount of original research into the history of the College' 
 some of which was published; if he had remained in Virginia (which 
 as a State owes him much) the history of the College would almost 
 certainly have been recorded by him in the most thorough-going fashion 
 
 Mr. Gngsby's Centennial Address of 1876 (MS) contains a great deal 
 of first hand information. 
 
ioo CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 over (including thirty shares bank stock, bequest of William 
 Gait), held in trust by the Board for the support of a Theologicaf 
 Professorship, to the Trustees of the General Assembly of the 
 Presbyterian Church in the United States of America — with 
 proviso fixing liabilities for the amount of the Gait bequest, 
 should the executors or residuary legatees commence process 
 at law. 
 
 Committee to make arrangements for soliciting aid to the Col- 
 lege by way of subscriptions. [An address to the public ordered, 
 June 13, 1829]. 
 
 1829. Sept. 23-24. Colo. Carrington. 
 
 A letter received from William N. Page, tendering a resigna- 
 tion of his Professorship of the Latin Language and Roman 
 Literature. 
 
 The Treasurer authorized to pay the sum of eighteen hundred 
 dollars, in lieu of the six hundred dollars heretofore appropriated 
 for the annual support of the officers of College. 
 
 1830. Feb. 16. Colo. Carrington. 
 
 There being still a deficiency of seven or eight thousand dol- 
 lars proposed to be raised by subscription, President Cushing 
 is requested to continue his exertions to obtain subscriptions. 
 
 Richard N. Venable and Henry N. Watkins a committee to 
 inquire into and report to the next meeting the practicability of 
 purchasing the buildings of the Union Theological Seminary. 
 
 1830. Apr. 28. Colo. Carrington. 
 
 Resolution of the Board of Directors of the Union Theological 
 Seminary, signed J. H. C. Leach, Secretary: — The Board would 
 feel itself bound to submit such a proposition [offer to purchase 
 the site and buildings of the Seminary] to the Synods of Virginia 
 and North Carolina. 'And they are so thoroughly convinced that 
 the ultimate decision of the question involved against the pro- 
 posed measure as injurious to the welfare of the Seminary, and 
 a violation of good faith to its benefactors, that they deem it 
 not expedient to regard it as a subject of future consideration/ 1 
 
 1 These Minutes regarding a purchase of the Theological Seminary's 
 plant are rather unexpected : Dr. Rice, Dean of the Seminary, was will- 
 ing to act as one of the Committee of the Trustees of the College to sub- 
 mit the proposition. In 1827 the Presbytery of Hanover, which had 
 again become sponsor for the Seminary, made over the school to the two 
 Synods (of Virginia and North Carolina). Therefore in 1830 the insti- 
 tution was the Union Seminary. Much of the money which had set it 
 going had been raised in Virginia, especially Southside Virginia ; much 
 of it had come from the North. The group of buildings thus secured 
 was imposing enough — a great dormitory, chapel, and library building 
 flanked by two commodious residences for professors. If there was 
 any opportunity, it must have seemed an excellent one to the Trustees of 
 the College, who at the time had funds in hand. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 101 
 
 1830. May 31-June 1. Colo. Camngton. 
 
 The subscription paper circulated for the benefit of the Col- 
 lege having been returned, and it appearing that the sum of 
 thirty thousand dollars has been subscribed, ordered, that the 
 Clerk give notice through the newspapers of that fact. Com- 
 mittee to superintend the collection of the subscriptions. 
 
 It shall be the duty of the officers of the College, except the 
 President, to remain in the College edifice during the hours of 
 study; at night one of the professors and the tutor or tutors shall 
 always remain. 
 
 $25,000 of the funds of the College to be set apart as a per- 
 manent fund. 
 
 President Cushing, R. N. Venable, and James Madison a Com- 
 mittee to contract for building the west wing of the College edi- 
 fice. 
 
 Price of board to be eight dollars and the steward to be charged 
 no rent. 
 
 1830. Sept. 23-24. Col. Carrington. 
 
 Col. Armistead Burwell having sent in his resignation of the 
 office of Steward of this College, the Board proceeded to the elec- 
 tion of a Steward, and the members having prepared their ballots, 
 it appeared that John J. Flournoy had a majority of votes. 
 
 The Steward to receive the deposit money for fuel, and to re- 
 ceive and distribute the wood which may have been contracted 
 for by the faculty ; and on all occasions, when the Trustees meet 
 to attend to the interests of the College, to provide accommoda- 
 tion for them and for their horses, without charge. The Col- 
 lege bell to be removed to a suitable place in or near the 
 Steward's yard, and to be put under his protection. 
 
 A letter received from Mr. Hugh A. Garland resigning the 
 Professorship of the Greek Language and Literature. 
 
 The Professors of Mathematics and Languages to have their 
 studies in the College buildings, and to be in their studies during 
 all the hours of study, and to preserve order in and about the 
 College. Each officer of the institution, except the President, 
 on every day or night to visit all student's rooms, and to see that 
 the students are in their respective places and attending to their 
 proper duties. 
 
 Col. Madison, Richard N. Venable, and President Cushing to 
 contract for a suitable house &c for the President, total cost 
 with the enclosure, not to exceed four or five thousand dollars — 
 'but the contractor is to have the privilege of using, in building 
 
102 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 such new houses, such part of the materials of the old College 1 
 as the said Committee may think proper.' 
 
 Sum set apart for permanent fund reduced to $20,000. 
 
 The Rev. Stephen Taylor of Richmond elected Professor of 
 Languages, the Rev. Thomas C. Upham of Bowdoin College, 
 alternate. [Both declined: Minute of Apr. 27, 1 831]. 
 
 John Burwell and David Comfort appointed Tutors. 
 
 $1800 over and above tuition fees appropriated as compen- 
 sation to the President, Professors, and Tutors for the ensuing 
 year. 
 
 President Cushing credited with the amount of his own sub- 
 scription, 'in consideration of great and valuable services in ob- 
 taining subscriptions for the College.' 
 
 President Cushing, William M. Thornton, and William M. 
 Atkinson a Committee to apply to the Legislature for an appro- 
 priation from the Literary Fund, in aid of the funds of this 
 College. 
 
 [The petition of Dec. 20, 1830 is signed by J. P. Cushing, Wil- 
 liam M. Thornton and W. M. Atkinson, a committee of the 
 trustees, and requests a grant of aid by the State on account of 
 the lack of support arising from the depression in the prices of 
 farm products. Ten years before an attempt had been made to 
 raise a sufficient fund by subscription to erect a new building, 
 but only a part of the plan was completed. In the last eighteen 
 months, however, enough money had been raised in the south- 
 eastern part of the State to enable the trustees to finish the 
 building, and also to establish a small endowment. Means were 
 needed at the time to increase the accommodations for the faculty, 
 to enlarge the library and the philosophical apparatus, so that 
 the college might be kept up-to-date. The trustees therefore 
 asked for an appropriation from the literary fund. 
 
 Abstract by Dr. Eckenrode, State Archivist.] 
 
 1831. Apr. 27. Mr. Berkeley. 
 
 Conveyance to John H. Rice and others of all right and title 
 which the Trustees of Hampden Sydney College may have to 
 
 x In the American Almanac for 1834 the statement is made of Hamp- 
 den Sidney College that it has two buildings, both of brick, the one 
 190 feet by 50 etc., and the other 45x40 of 3 stories occupied by the 
 academy or preparatory school attached to the College. The building 
 45x40 was the Old College. The statement in the Almanac must be 
 referred to the year 1833 or possibly 1832. The new President's house 
 was finished in 1833, and no doubt that year, or 1832, was the last of 
 the Old College. 
 
Henry E. Watkins. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 103 
 
 four and three eighths acres of land conveyed to them by a deed 
 from Martin Saylors, Dec. 30, 1823. 
 
 Committee to confer with Mr. Binford relative to opening a 
 road from the Lynchburg road to H. S. College. 1 
 
 Mr. Albert L. Holladay unanimously elected Professor of 
 Languages. 
 
 1831. May 5. Mr. Berkeley. 
 
 Committee to contract for erecting a house for the President, 
 have contracted with David Bruce and Reuben Perry. 
 
 1831. July 6. Col. Carrington. 
 
 A letter was read from President Cushing, containing his resig- 
 nation of the office of President. Resignation accepted. A com- 
 mittee to ascertain whether Mr. Cushing will not remain for a 
 year from October next. In a conference Mr. Cushing stated that 
 he had made communications which might produce incompatible 
 engagements. 2 
 
 Committee for building the new wing to contract for a belfry. 
 
 1831. Sept. 28-30. ['At the Philosophical Room']. Major 
 James Morton — Mr. Berkeley. 
 
 Resolutions on the death of Dr. Rice. 
 
 Committee to sell land near King's Tavern. 
 
 Salary appropriation: $1800 of which the President to re- 
 ceive 16-40, each of the Professors 9-40; 6-40 at the disposal of 
 the Committee to employ Tutors. President, Professors, and 
 Tutors to receive the whole of the tuition fees, to be divided in 
 the same manner. 
 
 Order accepting the resignation of President Cushing re- 
 scinded. President Cushing withdrew his resignation and pre- 
 
 *Mr. Binford lived within sight of the College at "Cherry Hill," part 
 of the old Johnston estate, where it has been said that Gen. Joseph E. 
 Johnston was born. In 1831 the Lynchburg road from the Court House 
 bore to the northwest at Morton's Store (now "Wayside") passing very 
 near the house at "Cherry Hill," and continuing across Buffalo Creek. 
 At Morton's Store the Charlotte road, or road to the College, turned 
 to the left, following a course south of the present road across the 
 bog now the baseball field. For many years the Court House was the 
 chief objective near the College. Not until about 1850 were the roads 
 changed to their present bearing — by making the Lynchburg road and the 
 Charlotte road the same to a point on the College lands some distance 
 south of "Cherry Hill," where the Lynchburg road was turned sharply 
 to the northwest, and the Charlotte road kept on, curving to the north 
 instead of to the south as before. 
 
 '"Mr. Cushing of Hampden Sidney was elected professor of Chemistry 
 and natural philosophy" — Richmond Enquirer, July 12, 1831 — account of 
 commencement exercises at William and Mary College, July 4. 
 
104 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 sented a letter resigning the office of President, to take effect 
 Oct. i, 1832. 
 
 Committee to give Mr. E. Root, late an officer in this institu- 
 tion, 1 such a certificate of his qualifications as they may think 
 proper. 
 
 1832. Apr. 25. Col. Carrington. 
 
 Resignation of John J. Flournoy, as Steward of College, ac- 
 cepted. 
 
 The Board proceeded to the election of a President ; whereupon 
 Jonathan P. Cushing, Esqr., was elected. Committee after con- 
 ference with Mr. Cushing reported that he had accepted the 
 appointment. 
 
 The Clerk required to advertise the annual and semi-annual 
 meetings of the Board in due time. 
 
 1832. July 17. Col. Carrington. 
 
 Richard N. Venable to represent the Board in the next election 
 of Trustees for the Upper Appomattox Company. 
 
 For the ensuing year the Steward to pay $200 rent for the 
 establishment. 
 
 Tutor or Tutors required to eat in the dining-hall with the 
 students. [Rescinded, Sept. 28, 1832.] 
 
 1832. Sept. 28. Col. Carrington. 
 
 Treasurer's bond fixed at $20,000. 
 
 Thomas Vernon elected Steward from Oct. 1. Salary appro- 
 priation: $1200 from the funds and tuition fees. 
 
 A memorial to be addressed to the Legislature of Virginia at 
 the next session of that body, asking aid for Hampden Sidney 
 College. 
 
 1833. Apr. 24. Colo. Madison. 
 
 Committee to receive deeds from the representatives of the late 
 John H. Rice and from the Session of the Church near the Col- 
 lege, for two small lots of land within the enclosure surrounding 
 the President's house. 
 
 *Mr. Root of New York was a graduate of Williams College, 182 1. He 
 was one of the Charter trustees of the University of Wisconsin and the 
 first Superintendent of Public Instruction of that State. He died in 
 1887, Rector of Trinity Church, St. Augustine, Florida. 
 
 Mr. Root established a girls' school at Prince Edward Court House, 
 which was celebrated in its time in Virginia. This school contributed 
 much, for some thirty years, to the discipline and the gayety of the 
 community. Mr. Root sold to Daniel Woods, a son of Dr. Leonard 
 Woods of Andover. Professor Branch was the last owner. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 105 
 
 1833. Sept. 27. Colo. Carrington. 
 
 'Resolved, that when an applicant for admission into College 
 shall make it satisfactorily appear that his annual resources are 
 inadequate to pay the price allowed the Steward for board, upon 
 his exhibiting the Steward's refusal to board him for such a 
 sum as he can afford to pay, the faculty be authorized to permit 
 him to board elsewhere.' [No Student compelled to board with 
 the Steward. Sept 23, 1834] 
 
 The resignation of Mr. Albert Holladay of the Professorship 
 of Languages was accepted. 
 
 Professor McViccar acting as Curator, [assigned the old Presi- 
 dent's house, Nov. 19, 1833]. 
 
 Penalties required of the contractors for building the west 
 wing ($50) and the President's house ($175). 
 
 Dr. Socrates Maupin of Albemarle elected Professor of Lan- 
 guages for one year. 
 
 1834. Oct. 3. Capt. H. A. Watkins. 
 
 'As soon as practicable the students of this institution shall be 
 required to wear a college uniform of the following description, 
 viz : a coat, pantaloons, and vest of mixed gray cloth which may 
 be domestic or foreign manufacture ; the cost of the whole suit 
 shall not exceed twenty four dollars.' Until more definite action 
 the style of the uniform to be determined by the faculty. 1 
 
 lr rhe Laws and Regulations of 1784 touch upon the matter of a uniform. 
 In 1828 the students themselves determined to wear Virginia cloth, cut and 
 color prescribed. Just before the outbreak of the Civil War there was a 
 similar movement. [See Magazine, II, 41.] 
 
 The proceedings of 1828 are of interest, viz. — 
 
 Hampden-Sydney College, August 25, 1828. 
 
 In this time of universal and distressing pecuniary embarrassment, 
 whatever has a tendency to mitigate, even in the slightest degree, the evils 
 consequent upon this state of things, must doubtless be considered by all 
 lovers of their country, in the highest degree praiseworthy. 
 
 From this consideration, and impressed with the belief that the present 
 distressed state of agriculture and commerce in Virginia is owing, in a 
 great measure, to the unequal operation of the Tariff Laws — and at the 
 same time, convinced that much may be done by way of alleviation, should 
 proper measures be adopted, the Students of Hampden-Sydney College 
 assembled in their Chapel on the 20th ult., when, upon motion, it was re- 
 solved that a committee of three be appointed to express their sentiments 
 fully upon the subject, and also to recommend a dress, which will, in some 
 degree, lessen the expense of their collegiate course. Whereupon Messrs. 
 Landon C. Garland. Nathan J. Barnett, and Samuel J. Rice, were ap- 
 pointed, who offered the following Preamble and Resolutions, [regarding 
 the Tariff — 'manufactures not merely protected in their infancy but given 
 an entire monopoly' ; 'blighting influence more deeply felt by the agricul- 
 turalists, especially those of the South.'"] 
 
 Our lands are exhausted, our purses emptied — and we are left no other 
 alternative but to act precisely as if our ports were blockaded by an in- 
 
io6 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 Mr. McViccar's resignation of the Professorship of Mathe- 
 matics was handed in to the Board. 
 
 A Professorship of Geology and Mineralogy (and adjunct 
 Professorship of Chemlistry and Natural Philosophy) to be 
 established. It shall be the duty of the person filling this pro- 
 fessorship to instruct the Classes in Mineralogy and Geology, 
 and under the direction of the Professor in those branches to 
 hear the text-books in Natural Philosophy and Chemistry, to 
 keep the Philosophical and Chemical apparatus in good condition, 
 to make all necessary preparations for suitable illustrations of 
 those sciences. Compensation 6/ 40 of tuition fees and of annual 
 appropriation ; salary to be advanced, when circumstances permit, 
 to that of the other Professors. 
 
 Dr. Socrates Maupin elected Professor of Mathematics, one year. 
 Robert G. Branch " " " Languages, " 
 
 Geo. W. Dame " " " Geology &c, " 
 
 vading foe. We must live entirely within ourselves — purchase nothing 
 from foreign or northern markets but what is absolutely necessary. 
 
 Impresed with these sentiments, we would earnestly recommend to our 
 fellow-students of other seminaries, as well as to our fellow-citizens at 
 large, to adopt the most rigid course of economy. But as to ourselves, 
 be it 
 
 Resolved, That we will curtail all unnecessary expense, and adopt a 
 uniform, which shall secure both cheapness, comfort, and neatness. 
 
 2. Resolved, That, in order to effect this, the dress shall consist solely of 
 Virginia cloth. 
 
 3. Resolved, That the coat be of a dark grey cloth — standing collar — 
 pockets upon the outside — single-breasted, with buttons and button-holes 
 black. Also to be represented upon the left breast with black cord, the 
 figure of the celebrated Theorem, in which the square upon the Hypothe- 
 nuse of any right-angled triangle, is shewn to be equal to the sum of the 
 squares upon the other two sides. — Black cravats or stocks — vest as usual, 
 without regard to color or quality. — Pantaloons cut according to the 
 fashion of the day — provided they have no straps. — Shoes, with gaiters, of 
 a black color, without regard to quality. 
 
 4. Resolved, That no other dress be worn either on public occasions, or 
 in vacations, but the one proposed. 
 
 This Preamble and these Resolutions were unanimously agreed to, and 
 ordered to be inserted in The Richmond Enquirer and Constitutional 
 Whig in order to afford to those who intend connecting themselves with 
 the Institution, an opportunity of supplying themselves with the uniform. 
 
 [Richmond Enquirer, Sept 28, 1828. 
 Magazine, IX, 188-190.] 
 
 x The following note, a contribution to the study of a local problem of 
 very long standing (since 1835), has been extracted as of interest (cf. 
 article by Dr. Dame, Magazine, XII, 338-342 : — 
 
 March 23, 1835 — The Committee which had been appointed for the pur- 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 107 
 
 Officers of College to teach private classes in their respective 
 departments when deemed necessary by the Faculty; if these 
 duties in any department become very arduous, other Professors 
 to give assistance. 
 
 Officers, except the President, to reside in the College; those 
 with families not to sleep there unless very necessary from dis- 
 orders. No college tenement to be rented for a boarding house ; 
 that officer of College first becoming head of a family to have 
 first choice of residences available. 
 
 Salary appropriation : $1200 plus tuition fees. 
 
 pose of examining into the conduct of those members engaged in carry- 
 ing off the bell offered the following report which was accepted. 
 
 ""To the Union Society 
 
 "The committee appointed this morning to examine into the reports 
 which have been circulated concerning those members who were engaged 
 in carrying off the bell on Saturday evening last respectfully report, that 
 in pursuance with their instructions they waited on Mr. Root, and subse- 
 quently on Mrs. Jos. Todd, and have ascertained the reports, as we ex- 
 pected were very much exaggerated. The following is the amount of the 
 statement made by Mr. Root. He says that about twelve o'clock on Sat- 
 urday night he was awakened by a considerable noise, which had dis- 
 turbed some of his family, but as soon as he heard the ringing of the bell, 
 he conjectured that it Was some frolic of the students of college, and was 
 not himself at all alarmed, but that he was afterward induced to arise 
 by ascertaining that some of the young ladies were considerably alarmed. 
 He found that the alarmed were the new students who had never heard 
 anything of the kind before, and were at a loss to conjecture what it 
 meant. That during the disturbance there was some knocking at one of 
 his windows, which was answered from within by Mrs. Jordan who was 
 in the room, he (Mr. Root) requesting Mrs. Jordan not to speak as it 
 would do no good. He heard the firing of pistols and blowing of 
 trumpets — Knew nothing of any attempt to get into the window. He 
 heard the names of several persons called, and among others his own name 
 called, but heard no abusive language or swearing used towards himself 
 or others. * * * We may further remark that the conversation of Mr. 
 Root evidently indicated that the noise was a cause of considerable dis- 
 turbance among his family and that he also was somewhat hurt at its 
 occurrence. 
 
 In conclusion your Committee beg leave to remark that the exaggerated 
 accounts which have arisen from this occurrence ought to be a warning to 
 the members of society to deter them from any like conduct in future. 
 For even should they do nothing improper, reports will most probably 
 be circulated, injurious to themselves, to college and to their society — In 
 view of which we offer the following resolution for the consideration of 
 Society. 
 
 "Resolved 
 
 "That Society disapproves of any conduct on the part of its members, 
 directly or indirectly calculated to injure or in any way disturb peaceful 
 and inoffensive citizens." 
 
 Which we respectfully report 
 
 S. O. Southall, ) 
 
 J. Tidball [■ Committee 
 
 H. H. Wood. 
 
108 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 Committee to confer with Mr. Edward Colston, regarding a 
 proposition made by him to the Trustees on the subject of 
 the funds of the Grand Lodge of Virginia; and the education 
 of indigent sons of Master Masons. 
 
 1835. Apr. 24. Mr. Berkeley. 
 
 Report of Committee to sell lands near King's Tavern: Sale 
 Feb. 19, 1833 at $10, $15, $20, and $22.50 an acre. Total real- 
 ized $2670.75. 
 
 Treasurer authorized to employ an assistant agent to collect 
 the dues to the College outstanding. 
 
 Approval of the arrangement with the Rev. Dr. Baxter to in- 
 struct the Senior Class during the next session. 
 
 Resolutions on the death of President Cushing: Mr. Isaac 
 Read to be requested to deliver a commemoration address at the 
 next commencement (Thomas Atkinson, alternate). 1 
 
 1835. June 30. Col. Carrington. 
 
 Major James Morton resigns as Trustee. 
 
 Edward Ruffin, Esqr., of Prince George, presents a copy of 
 the second volume of his Farmers' Register, containing his essay 
 on Calcareous Manures. 
 
 The Rev. Daniel Lynn Carroll of Brooklyn, New York, was 
 elected President. 
 
 1835. July 1. Col. Carrington. 
 
 S. C. Anderson and H. N. Watkins a Committee to respond to 
 the invitation of the Legislature to make known to that body the 
 situation and wants of this institution. 
 
 Mr. Zebulon M. P. Powers of Amelia elected Professor of 
 Mathematics. 
 
 Salary apportionment: 14/40 of appropriation and fees to 
 the President. 
 
 8/40 of appropriation (with proportion of 
 fees) to each Professor. 
 
 1 Mr. Cushing, who did his work notwithstanding a heavy physical handi- 
 cap, had gone South shortly before. He died at Raleigh, North Carolina, 
 towards the end of April. 
 
 Jonathan Peter Cushing, the builder of the New College at Hampden 
 Sidney, was born in New Hampshire in 1793. A graduate of Dartmouth 
 in 1817, his scientific bent must have been somewhat due to Professor 
 Adams (Mathematics and Natural Philosophy), and to James Freeman 
 Dana (Harvard 1813), appointed in 1816 Lecturer in Chemistry at Dart- 
 mouth. The late Benjamin M. Smith, D. D., a man of wide experience, 
 said : "Mr. Cushing was the best teacher, in any department, I have 
 known." Mr. Cushing was Vice President of the first Virginia Historical 
 Society. His address before that body in 1833 is good proof of the range 
 and strength of his opinions. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDjEN-SIDNEY. 109 
 
 [Printed in Virginia Senate Document, 1836. 
 
 HAMPDEN SIDNEY COLLEGE. 
 
 To the President and Directors of the Literary Fund : 
 
 In obedience to a resolution of the president and trustees of 
 Hampden Sydney College, appointing us a committee for the 
 purpose of answering the circular of the president and directors 
 of the literary fund, we beg leave to state, that Hampden Sydney 
 was incorporated in the year 1783 — that in May 1784, the legisla- 
 ture of Virginia made a donation to the college of four hundred 
 and twelve acres of land lying near the college, which had been 
 the property of Spiers & Co. — In December 1794, the legislature 
 made a further donation to this institution of twelve hundred 
 acres of land lying in the upper end of Prince Edward county, 
 which had been the land of Robert Rutledge ; both of these 
 tracts of land had escheated to the commonwealth, and it is be- 
 lieved by the committee they are poor lands and of small value. 
 The value of the first mentioned tract may be ascertained by 
 reference to the records of the general court where by law the 
 valuation was recorded. These tracts of land have been sold 
 except about one hundred and fifty acres. Except the above 
 donations, the college has been entirely supported by private 
 munificence. The funds of the college consist of money at in- 
 terest at six per centum. 
 
 By the report of the treasurer up to 1st September, 1835, the 
 principal is $15,319.84; interest then due $1,547.89. The college 
 is indebted about $1,000. There is, in addition to the foregoing, 
 the balance of a subscription, from which we expect to receive 
 about $2,000, which will make the principal of the funds of this 
 college little upwards of $17,000. The buildings belonging to the 
 institution are — the college building, which has forty-eight rooms 
 for students — a centre building, in which are the chapel, two lec- 
 ture rooms and two society halls. In addition, there are a presi- 
 dent's house, a professor's house and a steward's establishment. 
 The college has a few books, scarcely deserving the name of a 
 library. The two societies have each respectable libraries. There 
 is belonging to this institution a good philosophical and chemical 
 apparatus. The officers in college are a president and three pro- 
 fessors. The annual revenue for the support of these will be 
 the interest on the fund aforesaid, of $17,000, together with the 
 tuition fees. The room rents, it is thought, will keep the college 
 building in repair. The tuition is at the rate of four dollars a 
 month ; board not to exceed nine dollars per month. For the 
 government and course of studies, we refer to a printed pamphlet, 
 which contains the laws and regulations of the institution, which 
 is herewith enclosed. The wants of the college are funds to 
 
no CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 build three houses for professors, and funds to enable us to in- 
 crease the pay of the present professors and maintain two other 
 professors, and a teacher in the preparatory school. This col- 
 lege has contended with difficulties which no other institution of 
 the kind in the state has had to encounter; yet it has sustained 
 itself respectably among them all. The average number of stu- 
 dents at this college, from its foundation, has been, as we have 
 learned from our late president, about sixty. The location of 
 this college is as healthy as any situation between the Blue 
 Ridge and tide water. Which is respectfully submitted. 
 
 Samuel C. Anderson, 
 Henry N. Watkins, 
 Committee of the Presi- 
 dent and Trustees of 
 Hampden Sydney Col- 
 lege. 
 October 28th, 1835. 
 
 COLLEGE CIRCULAR. 
 
 Those who are appointed to direct the education and conduct of 
 youth assembled at a public institution, must feel a degree of 
 responsibility to the parents and guardians of those committed 
 to their care. Parents and guardians are themselves naturally 
 anxious to know the character and proficiency of their sons and 
 wards. It is also important, that parental affection and authority, 
 which governed the child when at home, should not be forgotten 
 when he is removed to college, but cherished as the most hon- 
 ourable motive to industry and virtue. 
 
 These considerations induce the faculty to transmit, at the 
 close of each session, a correct and impartial statement of the 
 conduct and proficiency of each student. In attempting to do 
 exact justice, they may, however, fail in some instances; but it 
 will ever give them pleasure to correct, in a subsequent communi- 
 cation, any mistake. They believe, however, that there is more 
 liability to err, especially in the article of behaviour, on the 
 favourable side. 
 
 It is important to remark, that the character of a student often 
 changes during his continuance at college. Some, who begin 
 well, end ill; but a larger number, who were once culpable, re- 
 form, and reach the highest standing. If parents, then, observe 
 that their sons are doing well, their approbation and advice may 
 preserve them in well-doing. If deficiences or faults are noted, 
 the youth should be exhorted and encouraged to repair them. 
 To reform is perfectly practicable, and often occurs. If dili- 
 gence in study has been greater than success, no fault is at- 
 tributed ; the youth is unfortunate, not blameable. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. in 
 
 That no obscurity may rest on the following report, it may be 
 mentioned, that No. i, No. 2, and No. 3, in scholarship, denote 
 so many degrees of merit — not comparative, but absolute; i. e. 
 the first in his class may not reach the assumed standard of 
 excellence, but be marked No. 2, though no one has a higher 
 grade. No. 1, denotes a high degree of merit; No. 2, a medium 
 share of merit; and No. 3, a standing lower than the medium. 
 When a student is distinguished in either of these grades, the 
 word "distinguished" is added to the number. And as distinc- 
 tions in the article of scholarship are themselves various, this 
 variety is also marked: thus if a student is marked No. 1, dis- 
 tinguished (1), he is considered as holding the highest standing. 
 If he is marked No. 1, distinguished (2), he holds a degree less 
 eminent; and though No. 1, marks more than a medium standing, 
 yet not so high as No. 1, distinguished (3). 
 
 In the articles of behaviour and industry, No. 1, denotes an 
 exemption from censure; Nos. 2 and 3, imply different degrees 
 of censure. Where the conduct of the student has been ex- 
 emplary in either of these articles, he is marked No. 1, dis- 
 tinguished. 
 
 NAME CLASS HEALTH 
 
 Scholarship, No. 
 Behaviour, No. 
 Industry, No. 
 
 Absence from College Duties. 
 Recitations 
 
 times with excuse 
 
 . without excuse 
 Chapel 
 
 times with excuse 
 
 without excuse 
 Sermon 
 
 times with excuse 
 
 without excuse 
 Room 
 
 times with excuse 
 
 without excuse 
 Contingent Expenses. 
 
 Library 
 
 Printing 
 
 Public Damage 
 
 Private Damage 
 
 Wood for Public Rooms 
 
 It is the earnest endeavor of the faculty, in administering the 
 
U2 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 government of college, to avoid all harshness and severity, and 
 to make all suitable allowance for the inconsiderateness of youth. 
 Nothing servile or degrading is wished. The motives of action 
 are all addressed to the student's interest, duty and honour. The 
 great object of the trustees and officers of college, is to render the 
 students happy, and present them to their parents and their 
 country, manly, learned and virtuous. But to the attainment of 
 these ends, correct conduct, cordial compliance with the laws of 
 college, and constant industry, are essential. Experience has 
 fully proved, that great neglect in any of these particulars, 
 speedily influences the whole character, corrupts others, and ren- 
 ders a separation from the institution indispensable. Parents, 
 therefore, will consult their own and their children's happiness 
 by inculcating in the most impressive manner, an attention to 
 these several points. And, if those having sons here, shall be 
 consulted by others, who may think of sending youth to this col- 
 lege, it will be accepted as a favour if the inquirers be informed ; 
 that while the introduction of virtuous, orderly and industrious 
 youth will be an honour to the institution, the introduction of 
 different characters is a misfortune, and, that if such enter, a 
 reformation or a removal is the only alternative. 
 
 By order of the faculty.] 
 Hampden Sydney College. 
 
 1835. Sept. 25. Mr. Berkeley. 
 
 Dr. Maupin was requested to officiate as President in the exer- 
 cises of today's commencement. 
 
 President Carroll after being legally qualified took his seat 
 in the Board. 
 
 Committees : To purchase so much of the Apparatus which 
 belongs to Mr. Cushing as may be of use to the College or just 
 to him; To repair the old' Steward's tenement, and to add a 
 porch to the new Steward's tenement; To sell the remainder of 
 the College lands [near King's Tavern] ; To erect a stone over 
 Mr. Cushing's grave in Raleigh [at the Board's individual ex- 
 pense, Apr 17. 1838.] ; To settle amicably the dispute between 
 the Literary Societies on the subject of College diplomas; [Pro- 
 fessors Dame and Branch] to contract for the College wood ; To 
 ask aid of the Legislature. 
 
 The usual salary appropriation, of $1200, 'to be made from the 
 permanent fund.' 
 
 Mr. Thomas Atkinson asked to deliver his address in com- 
 memoration of Mr. Cushing, Oct. 3, 1836, in the College Church. 
 
 Communications received from the Rev. James Wood, agent 
 of the General Assembly's Board of Education [Presbyterian 
 Church]— Mr. Wood offering to raise $25,000 for the College to 
 be invested as follows : in procuring all necessary fixtures for a 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 113 
 
 manual labour department; in establishing an additional profes- 
 5orship. The College to be under contract to receive, free of 
 tuition, 25 beneficiaries of the Board of Education, 'they eas- 
 ing the privilege of manual labour in both departments.' 
 
 Proposition accepted, and friends of the College urged to sus- 
 tain this important enterprise. 1 
 
 1836. Apr. 27. Mr. Berkeley. 
 
 Resolved, that an effort be made to raise $50,000 for Hampden 
 Sidney College, and that an agent or agents be appointed to make 
 application to the friends of the institution for a subscription 
 payable in five annual instalments. 
 
 The Faculty appointed a Committee to draw up and report to 
 the Board at their annual meeting a course of study for the insti- 
 tution, and to make such regulation of the studies in the interim 
 as they may deem necessary to meet the proposed change in the 
 Mathematical department. 
 
 Professor Powers allowed at the rate of $150 per annum until 
 he receives his house. 
 
 Committee to settle the difficulty between the two Literary 
 Societies in relation to the plate for diplomas, authorised to pur- 
 chase a plate for this purpose. 2 
 
 1836. Sept. 27-29. Mr. Berkeley. 
 
 Dr. Carroll and Mr. Stanton to sell the house called the old 
 Library house and that called the Old Fort; those houses when 
 sold to be removed from the College lands [Rescinded at a later 
 session.] 
 
 a See, Address, "Advantages of Manual Labour Schools" by Benjamin F. 
 Stanton (Trustee of the College and pastor of the College Church) 
 before the Institute of Education of Hampden Sydney College. Farmers' 
 Register, IV, (1836) 271-276 — Copied from the Southern Literary Mes- 
 senger. Mr. Stanton, a Connecticut man, was a practical farmer, and it 
 is likely this attempt to introduce the manual labor system was due to him. 
 
 2 From the records of the Union Society it appears that in 1821 (Mar. 
 20) 'subscriptions were taken for the purchase of a diplomatic 
 stamp of Hampden Sidney College, the profits of which to be at the dis- 
 posal of the Society.' Feb. 21, 1835, a committee reported that there were 
 on hand 'fourteen society diplomas and twenty college diplomas ; stamp 
 for college seal much worn.' July 23, 1836 — 'Seal committee to confer with 
 the Trustees and ascertain what the Trustees will give for the seal.' The 
 bargain was made and authorized. 
 
 The College used its own diploma seal in 1812. From the Minute, it 
 seems that both Literary Societies in 1836 were allowed a stamp revenue, 
 and that conditions governing it became a matter of dispute. 
 
H4 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 Second degree in the arts conferred on Dr. Draper 'of this 
 institution.' 1 
 
 x Dr. Draper, whose home at this time was at Christiansville (now Chase 
 City) in Mecklenburg County, had a few months before graduated in 
 medicine at the University of Pennsylvania. The following extract from 
 the Farmers' Register (IV, 315) will serve to explain Dr. Draper's con- 
 nection with the College before Sept. 1836, the date of his election to a 
 Professorship. — 
 
 Proceedings of the Mineralogical Society of Virginia. 
 
 At a meeting of several gentlemen, held at Prince Edward Court House, 
 on Saturday, July 23d 1836, for the purposes hereinafter mentioned, Dr. 
 W. B. Smith was appointed Chairman, and Dr. B. F. Wilson Secretary. 
 
 The objects of this meeting were, to consider, what measures are most 
 likely to develop an intimate and extensive knowledge of the mineral 
 wealth of the State of Virginia, and to put into operation such means as 
 may tend to render those resources available to the purposes of public 
 good. * * * 
 
 Analytical Chemistry, which is the science furnishing the knowledge 
 necessary, is not taught as a branch of education in any of the public insti- 
 tutions of the United States, and those persons who are acquainted with 
 it, have almost entirely obtained their knowledge of it in foreign coun- 
 tries. The number of such, of course, is very limited, and totally inade- 
 quate to the demand. The meeting therefore was fully impressed with 
 the high importance, to the public, of providing ample instruction, by the 
 immediate establishment of a school of chemical analysis, assaying of 
 metals, and of all those operations which are concerned in the determina- 
 tion of the value of minerals and ores. * * * 
 
 It is hoped by the establishment of a school in which all subjects in any 
 manner connected with mineralogy are taught, and especially practical in- 
 struction afforded in Chemical analysis, that arrangements might shortly 
 be made, for a systematic analysis of the Virginia minerals. Gentlemen 
 residing at a distance, and finding specimens on their estates, might have 
 authentic information of their composition, furnished from the labors of 
 the pupils of this school. 
 
 With reference to the pupils themselves, no one of course, without some 
 previous knowledge of the general principles of scientific Chemistry, would 
 be able to commence in this department. Graduates of respectable col- 
 leges, and those who had attended full courses of lectures, would find 
 their acquirements, in this particular, sufficient as a commencement. To 
 make provision, however, for such as might be desirous of entering the 
 School without any previous preparation, suitable arrangements could be 
 made, by which that amount of preliminary knowledge might be acquired 
 at Hampden Sidney College. * * * 
 
 Being impressed with the importance of this subject, the meeting pro- 
 ceeded to organize itself into society, to be known by the name and title 
 of the Mineralogical Society of Virginia. A constitution was adopted, 
 and the following gentlemen elected officers : — Richard N. Venable, Esq., 
 President; Dr. W. B. Smith, Vice President, and W. S. Morton, Secre- 
 tary. 
 
 The Society then proceeded to engage the services of John W. Draper 
 M. D. as its chemist and mineralogist, an appointment deriving advantage 
 from his knowledge of the geology and mining operations of South 
 America. As a very high assurance of his acquaintance with Analytical 
 Chemistry, the following note is subjoined from the celebrated Dr. Turner, 
 
Daniel Lynn Carroll. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 115 
 
 Faculty empowered to employ a teacher of modern languages, 
 'provided the remuneration for his services do not come from 
 the funds of College.' 
 
 Dr. John W. Draper elected Professor of Chemistry and 
 Natural Philosophy — house allowance $150. 
 
 Salary adjustment: President $1500; Professors $1000 each; 
 if these amounts not made up from tuition fees, Treasurer to 
 pay the deficiency. 
 
 Six hundred dollars appropriated for repairs and additions to 
 the Philosophical apparatus. Dr. Draper to be paid $500 for his 
 past services. 
 
 Tuition fees : Winter term, $30 
 Summer term $20. 
 
 Committee to raise funds, to furnish each member of the Board 
 with a book for subscriptions whenever he can attend to the 
 subject. 
 
 Professor of Chemistry in the University of London, and author of the 
 work which is so extensively used as a text book on Chemistry, in most 
 of the universities and colleges of the United States. 
 
 "I hereby attest that Mr. Draper assiduously attended a complete 
 course of my lectures on Chemistry in this University during the years 
 1830-31, and at the close of the session gave decided proof of the suc- 
 cess of his exertions, by obtaining a high certificate of honors, after a 
 full examination in writing. I know that he had likewise pursued the 
 practical parts of Chemistry, by private study, and that he is well quali- 
 fied for any situation connected with the practical applications of Chem- 
 istry. 
 
 B. Turner, F. R. S.-Lon. & Edin. 
 
 Professor of Chemistry. 
 
 [University of London] 
 
 The Society's Chemist was then directed to proceed at once with the 
 organization of the School ; and at an early opportunity, to announce to 
 the public, the particulars. 
 
 In reference to the forgegoing, we the undersigned, fully and heartily 
 agreeing in the object and determination of this society, recommend it to 
 the cordial encouragement of our fellow citizens. 
 
 D. L. Carroll, Wm. I. B. Bedford, Saml. Branch, 
 
 Geo. H. Matthews, Saml. B. Simpson Geo. A. Baxter, 
 
 Wm. A. Hughes, Noble Snell, Stephen Taylor, 
 
 Thos. S. Flournoy, Saml. C. Anderson, W. Berkeley, 
 
 Chs. Smith, James Madison, Henry N. Watkins. 
 F. N. Watkins, 
 
 [Half of these were Trustees of the College. — Dr. Draper's "Intro- 
 ductory Lecture to a Course of Chemistry and Natural Philosophy, De- 
 livered in Hampden Sidney College, Richmond. T. W. White," was 
 reviewed in the August, 1836, number of the Southern Literary Mes- 
 senger, Vol. II. p. 596.] 
 
n6 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 1836. Oct. 28. Mr. Berkeley. 
 
 Order rescinded, authorising students to board at other places 
 than with the Steward: 'provided, that parents and guardians 
 are permitted to board in their own houses their sons or wards/ 
 The Steward to be rent free. 
 
 1837. Sept. 26-28. Mr. Berkeley. 
 
 Settlement ordered for the hire of Lewis, the property of Mr. 
 Cushing, for part of the year 1836 at the rate of $10 per month. 
 
 The Board of Trustees greatly regretting the resignation of 
 Mr. Pike Powers of the Professorship of Mathematics, as an 
 act of justice to him unanimously declared that he has discharged 
 the duties of his office with an ability and fidelity highly satisfac- 
 tory to them. 1 
 
 The receiver of College to pay over to the Professor of Chem- 
 istry the fees required to be paid over by the class for keeping 
 up the apparatus, disbursements to be accounted for by the Pro- 
 fessor. 
 
 Mr. William Maxwell was duly qualified as a Trustee. 
 
 President Carroll and Messrs. H. E. Watkins and Sam'l C. 
 Anderson a Committee 'to appeal to the General Assembly of 
 our State for such a grant of money to the College, either by 
 way of annual instalments or otherwise, as may enable the insti- 
 tution to continue and increase the services which it has been so 
 long rendering the Comtmonwealth in promoting the cause of 
 virtue, science, and letters in our land/ 
 
 Francis H. Smith, of the Borough of Norfolk, elected Profes- 
 sor of Mathematics ; Francis L. Sampson alternate. 
 
 [To the General Assembly of Virginia. 
 
 The Memorial of the Undersigned Committee of the Trustees 
 of Hampden-Sidney College, respectfully represents. 
 
 That this college, one of the oldest in the Commonwealth, was 
 originally established, by individual contributions, and has been 
 sustained, mainly by the unwearied exertions and liberality of 
 its patrons and its friends. It has received no aid from the State, 
 except a donation of land, of but inconsiderable value, at an 
 
 1 Professor Powers held the Chair of Mathematics at the University of 
 Virginia during the year 1839-40, and again in 1842. He was an alumnus 
 of the University. He died in 1897, Rector of St. Andrew's Church, 
 Richmond. 
 
 Powers was locum tenens at the University, after the death of 
 Bonnycastle and before the arrival of Sylvester. Dr. Dabney, who had 
 been a student under Powers at Hampden Sidney and was a student at 
 the University in 1840, greatly preferred Powers to Sylvester — "Practice, 
 I hope, may give him the facility of imparting his ideas which Mr. 
 Powers possessed in a high degree." Letter of Dec. 15, 1840. Life and 
 Letters of Robert Lewis Dabney, p. 53. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPEXEN-SIDNEY. 117 
 
 early period of its existence. The difficulties with which it has 
 had to contend, from the want of a suitable endowment, at all 
 times great, are now such, as to excite serious apprehensions, 
 that it cannot be long supported without some public aid. De- 
 pending in a great measure upon tuition fees for its resources* 
 its wants, at a time like this must necessarily be urgent. Without 
 a competent endowment, and with a limitted, uncertain, and in- 
 sufficient income, it is now difficult, and may soon be impracti- 
 cable, to secure and retain, suitable instructors and professors, 
 and the College, if sustained at all, must be upon a scale, of 
 greatly diminished usefulness. In this season of peculiar exi- 
 gency, the Trustees of this Institution are constrained by their 
 duty to the public, to appeal for aid, to the General Assembly, 
 who are justly regarded, as the guardians of those great interests 
 which are obviously involved, in the proper training and educa- 
 tion of the youth of Virginia. 
 
 Your Memorialists beg leave to state, that extensive buildings, 
 of durable construction, for the accommodation of its students 
 and the officers of the College, have been erected ; and an un- 
 usually large, and excellent Chemical and Philosophical apparatus 
 has been procured, all at a very considerable expense. The needs 
 of erecting these buildings, and procuring these facilities of in- 
 struction, have all been afforded by private contributions, with 
 the exception of the small donation from the State, already re- 
 ferred to. These provisions for the purposes of education, thus 
 made, require the aid of but a moderate appropriation, to render 
 them efficient, permanent, and greatly useful to the public. With- 
 out such aid, your memorialists fear, that this institution alike 
 venerable for its usefulness and its age, after languishing a little 
 longer, must sink into utter ruin, unless preserved by the private 
 liberality, which has been so long burthened with its support. 
 They therefore respectfully and earnestly pray, that your Hon- 
 orable Body, would grant such aid to this College, as in your 
 estimation, the publick interest may require. — We indulge the 
 hope, that the services which it has long rendered, under the 
 most trying difficulties, to the cause of education, will be regarded 
 as giving it a just claim to your consideration, and that the 
 appeal we now make, in its behalf, to your liberality will not 
 be in vain. 
 
 D. L. Carroll 
 
 Sam'l C. Anderson 
 
 Henry E. Watkins 
 
 Committee of the Trustees 
 
 of Hampden Sydney College. 
 
 Feb. 3rd 1838.] 
 
n8 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 Salary adjustment [in lieu of $800, nett College income, plus 
 tuition fees] : — The Faculty to receive a sum not less than $4000, 
 to be divided by rule heretofore enacted; distribution predicated 
 upon a President and three Professors. But salary of Professor 
 of Chemistry &c to be not less than $1000. 
 
 1837. Nov. 1. Mr. Berkeley. 
 
 Mr. Smith, the Professor-elect, 1 to be put in possession of the 
 four rooms formerly occupied by Professor Draper in the 
 Steward's house. 
 
 1837. Dec. 1. Col. Madison. 
 
 A Resolution was offered to the Board to establish a medical 
 department in the City of Richmond: after much discussion on 
 the subject the following regulations for the management of said 
 department were adopted : 
 
 Regulations for the Medical Department of Hampden Sidney 
 College. 
 
 Resolved, that the Medical Faculty be authorised to supply 
 any vacancy which may occur in said Faculty until said vacancy 
 shall be filled by the President and Trustees of Hampden Sidney 
 College. 
 
 1838. Apr. 17. Henry E. Watkins. 
 
 On application of two students, Thomas T. Tredway and Wil- 
 liam M. Marshall, these excused from a final examination on the 
 Differential and Integral Calculus — 'while the Board regard this 
 study as important and by no means to be dispensed with in ordi- 
 nary cases.' 
 
 » 
 1 Mr. Smith was at once chosen Clerk of the Faculty and the following 
 is his first entry in the earliest Faculty Book preserved. Afternoon 
 Chapel was not discontinued until some time after the war: 
 
 H|ampden Sidney College, Nov. i, 1837. 
 The Faculty met this morning. All present. Recitations ordered to 
 commence on Monday next in the following order : 
 Senior Class in Metaphysics daily, from 3 to 4 P. M. 
 Chemical Class Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays, 9 to 10 A. M. 
 Junior Mathl. Class Tuesdays and Thursday, 9 to 10 A. M. 
 Sophomore do. do. daily, 10 to 11 A. M. 
 Freshman do. do. daily, 11 to 12 A. M. 
 Junior Language Class Tuesdays and Thursday, 11 to 12 A. M. 
 Sophomore do. do. daily, from 3 to 4 P. M. 
 Freshman do. do. daily, from 2 to 3 P. M. 
 Morning Chapel 30 minutes after sunrise. 
 Afternoon Chapel 4 P. M. 
 
 The Faculty Adj'd, 
 
 By order of the Faculty, 
 F. H. Smith, 
 Secy. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 119 
 
 Colo. Madison offered the following Preamble and Resolution 
 which was unanimously adopted: "Whereas this Board under 
 the hope that by keeping up a well qualified Faculty of the Col- 
 lege the time would come that from the increased number of 
 students, the fees from tuition and room rents would be sufficient 
 to support such Faculty, or that in default of this, aid might be 
 obtained from the State, have for several years appropriated 
 portions of the permanent fund in addition to the whole of the 
 annual income of the institution, by which system the permanent 
 fund has been greatly reduced, and it being obvious that we are 
 likely to be continually disappointed in our hopes of aid, and see- 
 ing that the system heretofore pursued must if continued for a 
 very few years wholly exhaust the permanent fund and leave 
 the institution unable even to keep the buildings in repair ; 
 Therefore, Resolved, as the opinion of this Board, that from and 
 after the expiration of the next session, the Board ought not to 
 appropriate in any way for any purpose any money over and 
 above the actual income of this institution. 
 
 A contingent fund to be raised by subscription. 
 
 The Faculty to be assured of the desire of the Board to sus- 
 tain them in their respective offices and its purpose promptly to 
 make an effort to procure the funds necessary for the support of 
 the institution. 
 
 1838. Sept. 25-26. Mr. Berkeley. 
 
 Henry E. Watkins and Nathaniel E. Venable a committee to 
 sell the Old Library Building. 
 
 The President, at each annual meeting of the Board, to make 
 a written communication to the Board giving an account of the 
 state of the College, the transactions of the current year, and 
 making such suggestions as he may deem expedient. 
 
 The Rev. Dr. Carroll tendered his resignation as President to 
 take place at the end of the present session. 
 
 The Steward readily agreeing, students permitted to board in 
 such houses or families as the Faculty may approve, provided 
 the price of board shall not exceed ten dollars per month. 
 
 William Maxwell, Esqr., was elected President. 
 
 Committee to consult with the County School Commissioners 
 of Prince Edward County with regard to the disposition of the 
 surplus funds in their hands. 
 
 On motion of Mr. Maxwell, the following Resolutions adopted : 
 That the salary of the President be $1400, of each Professor 
 $1000 — if interest from permanent fund, with the tuition fees, 
 should not reach $4400. the Board to pledge themselves to en- 
 deavor to make up tfie deficiency — if said income should be more 
 than $4400, all surplus to be divided as above ; That the perma- 
 nent fund should be $40,000 and kept inviolate — $5000 should 
 
120 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 be raised at once for improvements to buildings and grounds, the 
 President assisted by a Committee to make appeals for subscrip- 
 tions ; That the Library should be increased, especially by works 
 of reference. 
 
 'Mr. Maxwell here stated that he had been duly informed by 
 the Committee that the Board had elected him President of the 
 College, and the Chairman of the Committee being absent, he 
 would say to the Board that after proper reflection he had con- 
 cluded to accept the office and would enter upon the duties of it 
 without delay.' 
 
 Resolutions, on motion of Henry E. Watkins, 'That the thanks 
 of the Board be and they are hereby rendered to the Revd. Doer. 
 Carroll for his past services to the institution, with the assurances 
 of their cordial regard for him and their best wishes for his wel- 
 fare and usefulness.' 1 
 
 1839. June 26. Colo. Madison. 
 
 Communication received from Professor Draper informing the 
 Board that he resigns his office of Professor of Chemistry and 
 Natural Philosophy at and from the end of the present session, 2 
 
 *Dr. Carroll's parents emigrated from Ireland, settling in Pennsylvania. 
 His father was brought up in the Roman Catholic Church; his mother 
 was a Scotch Presbyterian. After graduating at Jefferson College and 
 Princeton Seminary, he was pastor of a church in Litchfield, (Connecticut 
 (the installation sermon being preached by Mr. Stanton, who was doubt- 
 less instrumental in bringing him to Hampden Sidney), and of the 
 First Presbyterian Church of Brooklyn. He came from Brooklyn to 
 Hampden Sidney. Dr. Carroll was 'gifted with a very considerable 
 share of keen Irish wit. He was very apt to be the life of any company 
 into which he was thrown*. 
 
 General Smith, a member of the Faculty during Dr. Carroll's adminis- 
 tration, in his reminiscences of Hampden Sidney (Magazine, XI, 99) 
 says : "An unfortunate controversy between the Old and New Schools 
 of the Presbyterian Church was then at its height and tended very much 
 to diminish the patronage of the college. Dr. Carroll, the President, was 
 a cultivated Christian gentleman, but a great controvertialist. Being of 
 another church I tried, in a kind way, to check his partizanship, telling 
 him that his articles would alienate our Old School patrons, and finally 
 suggested to him that he was trying to run Hampden Sidney upon the 
 Charter of old William and Mary College. 'How is that?' he said. I 
 replied that the cnarter of William and Mary required its President to 
 carry on a controversy with some heretic once in three years. He 
 laughed heartily at the point but did not mend his course." 
 
 2 Dr. Draper left Hampden Sidney in September or October, 1839, be- 
 coming Professor in the University of New York. He was very active 
 in the organization of the medical department of the University of 
 New York. 
 
 His researches on the chemical phenomena of light in both the organic 
 and inorganic world include the most valuable work done by him. 
 Daguerre's announcement of his discovery of the action of sunlight on 
 silver, and its application to the permanent preservation of views, in 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 121 
 
 whereupon Daniel Gardner was appointed to discharge the duties 
 of that office for one year from Sept. 26, and such further 
 time as may be hereafter agreed upon by the parties for the sal- 
 ary and perquisites. 
 
 The Board was informed that Professor Smith, now absent,, 
 intends to resign his office of Professor of Mathematics at and 
 from the end of the present session, whereupon Benjamin S. 
 Ewell was appointed prospectively. 
 
 Resolved, upon a communication from the Faculty laid before 
 the Board by the President, that all pious youths in indigent 
 circumstances wishing to pursue studies looking to the ministry 
 of any evangelical church be admitted free of tuition if properly 
 recommended. 
 
 The President, by and with the advice of J. D. Wood and N. 
 E. Venable, to contract for enclosing the College and the Presi- 
 dent's lot with wall and railing in some decent and tasteful 
 manner. 
 
 Hereafter no student shall be allowed to present himself for 
 graduation in the medical department of H. S. College, unless 
 he has previously attended the full course of lectures in the in- 
 stitution, or one course in some respectable medical School and 
 the second in H. S. College, and has attended the dissecting room, 
 of the College for one session. 
 
 ) 
 1839. Sept. 26. Mr. Berkeley. 
 
 The President as agent to report subscriptions obtained to 
 this date. 
 
 Thanks of this Board tendered to Professor Smith 1 and Pro- 
 fessor Draper for the faithful discharge of their duties while in 
 office. 
 
 Moses D. Hoge appointed Tutor for one year at $400. 
 
 1839, was taken up by Draper. He made it the subject of special study, 
 and was the first person in the world to apply it to individuals. "The 
 first photographic portrait from life was made by me," he says. 
 
 [See article, John W. Draper, Appleton's Cyclopedia of American 
 Biography and Memoir, by George F. Barker, National Academy, 1886.] 
 
 The tradition is that Dr. Draper made his first experiments in pho- 
 tographic portraits from life in the physical laboratory ["philosophical 
 hall"] at Hampden Sidney, and from the dates assigned, the fact seems 
 probable. 
 
 His son, Dr. Henry Draper, specialist in celestial photography, was 
 born at Hampden Sidney in 1837. 
 
 Professor Smith, a graduate of West Point, wished to put Hampden 
 Sidney 'under complete martial law and make it a sort of West Point* 
 [Life of Robert Lewis Dabney, p. 47]. Going to Lexington he became 
 the chief promoter of the Virginia Military Institute, of which he was 
 Superintendent for fifty years. 
 
122 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 Recommendations of the President in his first annual report: 
 A Master for the Preparatory department of the Freshman 
 class, under the direction of the Professor of Ancient Languages 
 and the President — to have his board in the Mess Hall where 
 he shall preside at the table and keep order and decorum — to 
 have apartments in the College which he shall occupy day and 
 night to preserve order and decorum throughout all the College — 
 to be ex officio Curator of the College buildings — salary $400, 
 from the contingent fund; Of the utmost imiportance to raise 
 the permanent fund to $60,000 within five years 'in order to 
 enable the Trustees to enlarge the institution by the addition of 
 a Professor of Modern Languages and a Master or Tutor for 
 the Sophomore Class, and eventually to establish the College 
 upon a sure and permanent basis for the benefit of the present 
 age and of all posterity;' The President to be authorised to em- 
 ploy an agent or agents to assist him in raising subscriptions and 
 donations. 
 
 Certificate (with seal of the College annexed) to Wm. H. 
 Goode, of his having passed through the Science course. 
 
 The sum of $500 subscribed by Col. C. Carrington appropri- 
 ated to enclosing the College, commencing with a blank brick 
 wall 60 feet out according to the plan submitted. Building Com- 
 mittee to contract for the erection of the brick wall to extend 
 from the S. E. and S. western Corners of the College in a line 
 with the front, each 60 feet long and 6 feet 4 inches high accord- 
 ing to the plan submitted ; also authorised to contract for cutting 
 a door in place of the middle window in the S. end of the Chappel 
 and furnish the said door with a flight of white stone steps, 
 made with checks after the Greek fashion ; further authorised to 
 contract for a brick and wood wall and fence in front of the 
 President's House according to the plan submitted, provided the 
 sum of $500 can be raised by subscription. And the said Com- 
 mittee shall also have the pailing of the President's lot well and 
 thoroughly repaired. 1 
 
 1840. Sept. 9. Mr. Berkeley. 
 
 Professors Ewell and Gardner, and Tutor Hoge re-appointed 
 for one year. 
 
 'Murphy, a member of the Junior Class, was appointed assist- 
 ant teacher of the Preparatory Department, and to aid the 
 Faculty in preserving the order of the College and occasionally 
 in instructing the classes as they may order and direct, and 
 
 1<( Mr. Maxwell talks much of putting the place in thorough repair, 
 and making it attractive by having fine fruits, trees, pleasure walks, 
 and so forth *' * * I should have no doubt of Mr. Maxwell's suc- 
 cess if it was not for this lamentable party strife." — Letter of Mrs. John 
 Holt Rice. Life of Robert Lewis Dabney, p. 47-48. 
 
William Maxwell. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 123 
 
 for this service he is to be allowed his tuition fees and one half 
 the price of his board in the Mess Hall, the Steward agreeing 
 to waive the other half.' 
 
 Samuel W. Watkins permitted to teach the Modern Languages 
 under direction of the Faculty, and for such fees only as the 
 Faculty may deem fair and adequate. 1 
 
 'On motion, ordered that an application be made in the name 
 of the Board to all the Churches within the bounds of East. and 
 West Hanover Presbytery, for such regular annual subscriptions 
 to the funds as they may severally agree to afford for the term 
 of five years.' 
 
 1841. July 20. Mr. Berkeley. 
 
 Committee to confer with the President and Professors re- 
 garding salaries : the President and Professors Branch and Ewell 
 agree to accept the income of the permanent fund plus tuition 
 fees, less $500 to Dr. Gardner for services as Professor of Chem- 
 
 ^ee, Advertisement, Watchman of the South, Oct. 1840. 
 
 — The Winter Session of this institution will commence on the 1st 
 day of November next, and terminate on the 4th Wednesday of April 
 lollowing. 
 
 The Faculty of College, and other teachers, with their several depart- 
 ments of instruction, are as follows : 
 
 William Maxwell, President, Professor of Moral Philosophy &c &c. 
 
 Robert G. Branch, Professor of Ancient Languages. 
 
 Benjamin S. Ewell, Professor of Mathematics. 
 
 Daniel P. Gardner, Professor of Natural Philosophy and Chemistry. 
 
 Moses D. Hoge, Tutor, Teacher of the Preparatory Department. 
 
 Samuel W. Watkins, Teacher of Modern Languages. 
 
 The Classical Course of instruction occupies four years, in each of 
 which there are two sessions. 
 
 The studies of the Freshman and Sophomore years are the Latin and 
 Greek languages, with the Classical Literature connected with them ; 
 Arithmetic, Algebra, and Geometry in all its branches. 
 
 Those of the Junior year are the higher Classics and Mathematics, 
 Natural Philosophy and Chemistry, (including notices of various sub 
 jects connected with it), Astronomy, Geology, and Botany. 
 
 And those of the Senior year are Mental Philosophy, Moral Philoso- 
 phy (including the Evidences of Christianity), Civil Polity, Political 
 Economy, the Law of Nations, Logic, Rhetoric, and Belle-Lettres. 
 
 Besides this Classical course, there is also an English course, occupy- 
 ing three years, and embracing all the same studies with the excep- 
 tion of the Ancient Languages. * * * 
 
 Moses D. Hoge, 
 Clerk of the Faculty. 
 
 ["Hampden Sidney adhered closely in those days, as now, to the curri- 
 culum of studies, and although many changes have taken place by the 
 introduction of the elective system into most of the colleges, she has 
 lost nothing by insisting on a thorough ground-work in the Classics 
 and Mathematics." Gen. Francis H. Smith, Reminiscences, Magazine 
 XI, (1893) p. 100.] 
 
124 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 istry during the winter session [Sept. 21, 1841, Dr. Gardner pro- 
 posed that his whole course should extend through the winters 
 of two years]. 
 
 1841. Nov. 5. Mr. Berkeley. 
 
 Mr. Lewis, the Steward, agrees to board the Assistant Tutor 
 (Mr. Hughes) free of Charge, on the condition that the Trustees 
 pay the sum of $40 towards erecting a negro house on the Stew- 
 ard's premises. 
 
 The Union Society having proposed to make application to the 
 Legislature for a Charter, the Trustees consider the books &c 
 of the Society as sufficiently and perfectly safe under the cover of 
 the College Charter and they will always take pleasure in pro- 
 tecting all the interests of so valuable and meritorious a Society. 
 
 Cheap fenders to be procured for the use of the College and 
 the roof to be covered with the best fire-proof paint. 
 
 Preamble and Resolutions unanimously adopted: 
 
 'Whereas the College stands in great need of the renewed and 
 cordial support of all its friends who can be excited and en- 
 gaged to furnish it with students and also with such pecuniary aid 
 as shall enable the Board to maintain it on its actual footing for 
 the present and to establish it on a solid basis for the future; 
 and whereas the Board recall and recognise with great pleasure 
 the interesting fact that this institution was originally founded 
 within the bounds of the Presbytery of Hanover, since divided 
 into East and West Hanover Presbyteries, under the auspices 
 of the said Presbytery by a Licentiate laboring under its care, 
 and was at first and has ever since been mainly supported by 
 the clergy and laity of the Presbyterian Church within those 
 bounds, aided from time to time by the liberal services and con- 
 tributions of others in various parts of the State * * * Re- 
 solved, that the Presbyteries of East and West Hanover be and 
 they are hereby solemnly requested to recognise the College as 
 being under the more immediate patronage of their bodies in such 
 manner as they shall think most proper. 
 
 Resolved, that the said Presbyteries be and they are hereby 
 requested to adopt such measures as they may deem most suitable 
 and convenient to furnish the College with an increased number 
 of students and to supply the Board with funds for its immediate 
 support and for the enlargement of the permanent fund to a 
 proper amount.' 
 
 1842. Apr. 27. Mr. Berkeley. 
 
 The Tutor to receive the deposit money and from it pay out 
 such charges as are properly bound upon it ; the Tutor to super- 
 intend the College servant and see that his time is fully occu- 
 pied. The College servant to receive no fees of students for 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 125 
 
 services rendered in the day time, to fetch water once a day &c, 
 to put in glass in the windows of the College at least once a 
 month (if such repairs are needed) and to occupy himself in 
 such time as he has to spare in rendering other services to the 
 students such as the Tutor may consider proper. 
 
 Professor Ewell proposing to raise by subscription a sum of 
 money not exceeding $600 for mathematical and astronomical in- 
 struments, the Board 'recommend Mr. Ewell to the public confi- 
 dence and support/ 
 
 The Rev. Mr. Sparrow, N. E. Venable, and H. E. Watkins 
 a committee to revise the laws and course of studies, and recom- 
 mend retrenchments. 
 
 1842. June 24. Mr. Berkeley. 
 
 Resolved, that the present and every future meeting of the 
 Board to be opened with prayer. 
 
 The Christmas recess to be reduced to two days. 
 
 Salaries: President $1400, Professors $1000; College not to be 
 bound beyond income (including subscriptions). 
 
 Tuition fees reduced: Winter session $18; summer, $12. 
 
 Fees remitted to sons of ministers. 
 
 President Maxwell, P. J. Sparrow, and James D. Wood a 
 committee to revise the laws and prepare a Catalogue of the 
 Alumni. 1 
 
 x Dr. Dame's alumni catalogue, compiled about 1835, was lost. The 
 circumstances have been mentioned. 
 
 Writing in the Magazine (IV. 37) Joseph McMurran, of the Class of 
 1852, said, — "Some years ago the writer of this, article was engaged 
 for six months in hunting up the records of the College, for the pur- 
 pose of making out an accurate and full list of the alumni, but he was 
 only partially successful, and the result of his labors was the alumni 
 record published in the annual catalogue of 1857, and was the first effort 
 of this kind that was ever published. In the annual catalogue of 1867 
 another alumni record was published, the result of the labors of Pro- 
 fessor Charles Martin, but with the exception of a few more asteriks, 
 and more names of later graduates, there was but little information that 
 the first catalogue did not contain. Since then Mr. [Charles Van] 
 Woodson, by request of the Trustees and Faculty, made an effort to get 
 up a correct and full list of the alumni and the earliest students of the 
 College, but how he succeeded the writer has never learned." This was 
 written in 1885. Joseph McMurran was a lifelong friend of the College 
 and its benefactor. 
 
 The materials collected by Mr. Woodson came into the hands of Presi- 
 dent Mcllwaine and Dr. Hooper. Dr. Mcllwaine especially prosecuted the 
 work with great diligence and system, Dr. Hooper's services being con- 
 siderable also. Finally in 1908 an Alumni Catalogue [1776-1906], as 
 full as it was possible to make it, was issued under the editorship of 
 Professor J. H. C. Bagby, who spent four years on the work. Presi- 
 dent McAllister was much interested in this enterprise and gave his 
 assistance. 
 
126 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 Chair of Natural Philosophy and Chemistry to be discontinued ; 
 Professor of Mathematics to fill that Chair, to be assisted by a 
 Tutor for the Freshman and Sophomore classes. 
 
 'The Board of Trustees of Hampden S. College having found 
 it necessary to discontinue the Chair of Nat. Philosophy and 
 Chemistry — resolved, that the thanks of the Board be tendered 
 to Doct. Daniel P. Gardner for his services in that chair, the 
 duties of which he has discharged with distinguished ability.' 1 
 
 1842. Sept. 27. Mr. Berkeley. 
 
 Nathaniel E. Venable, Revd. P. J. Sparrow, and Revd. Theo- 
 drick Pryor a committee to inquire into the causes of the de- 
 cline of Hampden S. College. 
 
 Mr. Maxwell reported that the overture to the Presbyteries 
 of East and West Hanover had been received by them with great 
 favour. Resolutions adopted by the Presbyteries considered by 
 the Board as evidence of perpetual union between the College 
 and those bodies. 
 
 The President and committee to attend meetings of the Pres- 
 byteries 'for maintaining a friendly correspondence between the 
 Board and those bodies and more particularly for securing the 
 objects of said Resolutions.' The Board will receive a joint 
 visiting committee from the Presbyteries. 
 
 1843. June 8. Dr. W. S. Morton. 
 
 Committee to endeavor to settle the difficulties in the Medical 
 Faculty [petition, April 19, asking for the removal of a Pro- 
 fessor] ; settlement impossible — the Professor should resign. The 
 Professor, present, resigns. 
 
 Benjamin S. Ewell, Professor of Mathematics and Natural 
 Philosophy, authorized to make application to the President of 
 the United States, the Secretary of War, or any other officer 
 having authority, for the loan to the College of a number of 
 
 a Daniel Pereira Gardner, born at Rio de Janeiro, a graduate in medi- 
 cine of the University of Pennsylvania 1838, was the son of Dr. Gard- 
 ner (attending physician to Dom Pedro I, Emperor of Brazil) an Eng- 
 lishman whose wife was a daughter of Senhor de Paiva-Pereira of 
 Portugal. Dr. John W. Draper married a sister of Professor Gardner. 
 Leaving Virginia in 1842, Dr. Gardner lectured for a time at New York 
 University. He then settled in Memphis, Tennessee; returned to New 
 York and practiced medicine at Yonkers and at Dobb's Ferry. He died 
 at Dr. Draper's house at Hastings on Hudson in 1853. 
 
 Dr. Gardner was a member of several agricultural societies. He pub- 
 lished in 1846 (re-issued in 1858) a Farmers' Dictionary, (Harpers) 
 and in 1847 a Medical Dictionary (Harpers), republished in 1855 and in 
 1864. Published at London and at Philadelphia 1848 a Medical Chemistry 
 (listed in Allibone). 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 127 
 
 mathematical instruments at the City of Washington and in no 
 present use. 
 
 Resolutions on the death of William Berkeley — 'an old, true, 
 and faithful friend of Hampden Sidney College, whose interests 
 he has always labored to promote with eminent zeal.' 
 
 1843. Sept. 21. Henry E. Watkins. 
 
 On motion of Mr. Maxwell, Geography added to the present 
 studies of the Freshman Class, and Natural History to those of 
 the Sophomore Class ; said classes to recite three times a day 
 instead of twice. 
 
 James M. Rice (Languages) and Charles S. Venable (Mathe- 
 matics) appointed assistant teachers — board and $50 as com- 
 pensation to each — to reside in College. 
 
 Prof. Benjamin S. Ewell appointed Curator. 
 
 Junior class to be assessed $7 instead of $5 for the purchase 
 of Chemicals. 
 
 1844. Apr. 17. Col. J. P. Marshall. 
 
 N. E. Venable, Henry E. Watkins, and James D. Wood a 
 Committee 'to consider whether any and what measures should 
 be adopted to support the College the ensuing year.' 
 
 1844. Aug. 20-21. Dr. Wm. S. Morton. 
 
 The President, on the part and in the presence of the Faculty, 
 submitted to the Board statements, accompanied by sundry 
 papers, in relation to the existing state of insubordination among 
 the students of the institution. A committee of three appointed 
 to confer with the refractory students, with the view of ascer- 
 aining whether the said students are now actuated by a rebellious 
 or contrite disposition. 
 
 Report: The object which the students had in view in this 
 protest, which they acknowledge was injudiciously and hastily 
 drawn up, was so to express their sympathy with the sus- 
 pended students as to secure a meeting of the Board of Trustees. 
 They became convinced of the impropriety of the step and there- 
 fore sent the second communication to the Faculty, meaning 
 thereby to withdraw the protest unconditionally, and they at that 
 time wished, as they now do, to return to their duties as members 
 of College, as if these disagreeable circumstances had not 
 occurred. 
 
 Regarding a memorial presented by the students : 'The mat- 
 ters set forth in said memorial do not justify any action on the 
 pait of the Board nor tend to impair its confidence in the 
 President.' 
 
128 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 1844. Sept. 30. Dr. Wm. S. Morton. 
 
 Committee to ascertain the balance due the Professors, that 
 the same may be promptly paid to them. 
 
 A letter was received from Mr. Maxwell, tendering his resig- 
 nation of the office of President, which was accepted. It was re- 
 solved, that in accepting the resignation of President Maxwell, 
 the Board of Trustees express their individual confidence in 
 him. 1 
 
 The Revd. W. S. Plumer was elected President of Hampden 
 Sydney College [Declined Nov. 8. 1844]. 
 
 1845. May 1. The Revd. Dr. Reid. 
 
 Professor Robert G. Branch by letter resigned the professor- 
 ship of Ancient Languages. Resolved unanimously, 'that the 
 thanks of this Board are due and hereby tendered to Prof. 
 Branch for the faithful manner in which he has discharged the 
 duties of his Professorship, and he is recommended to the liberal 
 patronage of the public in his new vocation as instructor of 
 young ladies.' 
 
 The Revd. Patrick J. Sparrow was elected President of Hamp- 
 den Sydney College. 
 
 Mr. N. E. Venable reported that John Lee, LL. D., of Hart- 
 well (Eng.) had presented to the College through the Revd. Mr. 
 Leavitt of Boston 2 a medallion bust of John Hampden also a 
 marble copy of a monument erected in Chalgrove field in June 
 1843. Mr. V. also reported the correspondence which had taken 
 place between President Sparrow and Dr. Lee in reference to 
 the same. The thanks of the Board tendered to Dr. Lee for his 
 valuable and interesting present, as also to the Revd. Mr. Leavitt. 
 
 ^'William Maxwell was one of the most eminent men in the State. 
 He had gained a high reputation at the bar. He graduated at Yale Col- 
 lege in 1802, where he was a favorite pupil of Dwight, studied law, and 
 in 1809 made an argument in the case of Wilson and Cunningham vs. 
 the Marine Insurance Company of Norfolk which placed him in the 
 front rank of his profession. From 1809 to 1826, when he withdrew for 
 a short time from the bar, not a year passed in which he did not make 
 a speech that was the talk of the time. From the bar, he passed to the 
 House of Delegates and to the Senate of Virginia. He was the only 
 eminent man that I ever knew, who would ever venture, or who ever 
 ventured, to appear before such a body as the Phi Beta Kappa Society 
 of Yale on one of its formal anniversaries, without a single line of 
 written preparation. Yet Maxwell made the attempt and succeeded. 
 When the Committee of the Society reported its thanks to the speaker 
 and requested a copy of the speech for publication, they could hardly 
 believe their ears when told that the speech was entirely extemporaneous." 
 Hugh Blair Grigsby: Centennial Address (MS). 
 
 2 This was doubtless Dr. Joshua Leavitt, editor of the "Emancipator" 
 and the "Chronicle" (the latter the earliest daily anti-slavery paper) ; 
 tariff reformer, and advocate of cheap postage. 
 
William S. Plumer. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 129 
 
 Messrs. Venable and Francis N. Watkins a committee, with the 
 Faculty to receive and dispose of these memorials, and to make 
 arrangements for a proper public celebration. 
 
 1845. Sept. 16-18. Henry E. Watkins. 
 
 Committee reported that the Hampden Memorials were in the 
 possession of the Faculty of the College, and that the Committee 
 had corresponded with the Hon. Wm. C. Rives who had con- 
 sented to make a public address before the Corporation of this 
 College. 
 
 The President reported that he had received from the Revd. 
 Mr. Leavitt of Boston, the friend of Dr. Jno. Lee of England, 
 a communication expressing the deep interest felt by Dr. Lee in 
 the interests of the College, and his intention to present certain 
 books to the College. 1 
 
 Should a convention in behalf of the College be held in Rich- 
 mond, some member of the Faculty, with Messrs. Plumer and 
 Leyburn, to represent the College. 
 
 Debts to the Faculty previous to Oct. 1, 1844, to be settled by 
 arbitration. 
 
 William T. Richardson appointed assistant teacher of Lan- 
 guages and Mathematics. 
 
 The Treasurer to represent the Corporation stock, in all meet- 
 ings of stockholders of companies or corporations in which this 
 College is interested, personally or by proxy. 
 
 The degree of LL. D. was conferred on John Lee (D. C. L.) 
 of Hartwell, England. 
 
 The committee on conferring with the Faculty reported 
 verbally: that the Faculty had agreed to undertake the instruc- 
 tion of the College next year — that their salaries were to be in the 
 proportion of $1400 to Mr. Sparrow, $1200 to Mr. Ewell, and 
 $800 to Mr. Richardson, payable only out of the incomes of the 
 College — that the said agreement is to be reduced to writing and 
 signed. 
 
 1845. Nov. 12. 
 
 'Memo. On this day the Hon Wm. C. Rives delivered an able 
 
 *In 1851 Dr. Lee presented to the "Library of the Hampden and Sid- 
 ney University in the United States of America" a copy of 'Aedes Hart- 
 ivellianae, Notices of the Manor and Mansion of Hartwell, by Captain 
 W. H. Smyth, R. N. London: Printed for Private Circulation by John 
 Bowyer Nichols and Son, Parliament Street, 1851.' 
 
 The Manor of Hartwell was in possession of a branch of the Hamp- 
 dens for upwards of 180 years before 1617, passing to the Lees on the 
 death of Sir Alexander Hampden, a kinsman of John Hampden. Dr. 
 John Lee, F. R. S. etc, succeeded to the estate in 1827. 
 
i 3 o CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 Discourse on the Character and Services of John Hampden be- 
 fore the Corporation and a large audience. F. N. W.' 1 
 
 [The medallion portrait is placed over the main entrance to the 
 Chapel. The monument stands in the Library. 
 
 Facing the monument, (a truncated pyramid of square base) ? , 
 the order of the inscription is as follows : — 
 
 [i] HERE 
 
 In this Field of Chalgrove 
 
 John Hampden. 
 
 After an able and strenuous 
 
 But unsuccessful resistance 
 
 In Parliament. 
 
 And before the Judges of the Land 
 
 To the measures of an Arbitrary Court 
 
 First took arms. 
 
 Assembling the levies of the associated 
 
 Counties of Buckingham and Oxford 
 
 : In 1642. 
 
 And here 
 
 Within a few paces of this spot 
 
 He received the wound of which he died. 
 
 While fighting in defence 
 
 Of the free monarchy 
 
 And ancient liberties of England 
 
 June 18 1643. 
 
 In the two hundredth year 
 
 From that day 
 
 This stone was raised 
 
 In reverence to his memory. 
 
 [3] RAISED 
 
 By subscription June 18 1843. 
 
 Bedford. Nugent. 
 
 Breadalbane. Brougham. 
 
 Fortescue. Denham. C. J. 
 
 Hampden Buckinghamshire. Sudeley. 
 
 Lovelace. Leigh. 
 
 Francis Burdett. Colborne. 
 
 \ 
 ^'Discourse on the Character and Services of John Hampden and the 
 Great Struggle for Popular Constitutional Liberty in his Time. By W. 
 C. Rives, Esq. Delivered before the Trustees, Faculty and Students of 
 Hampden Sydney College, the 12th November, 1845." Richmond: 
 Printed by Shepherd and Colin. 1845. pp. 68. [Mr. Rives was a student 
 at Hampden Sidney, 1807-1809. In 1849 he was a second time Minister- 
 to France.! 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 131 
 
 Henry Austen. J. Twisselton Fiennes. 
 
 Robert Otway Cave. Charles T D'Eyncourt. 
 
 George Dashwood. John Easthope. 
 
 John Lee. George Stephen. 
 
 John Comley Olive. John Bell. 
 
 James Trevor Senior. John Temple Leader. 
 
 Charles Kemys Tynte. Charles Spencer Ricketts. 
 
 Thomas Bishop Greenwood. Silvanus Seymour. 
 
 Francis Hayward. John Lloyd. 
 
 William Lines. James Jackson. 
 
 John Hampden. Revd. Charles J. Ridley. 
 
 Revd.Renn D. Hampden. D. D. Revd. Frederick Twistleton, 
 
 D. C. L. 
 [2-left] 
 
 Vestigia Nulla Retrorsum 
 
 Bos relief: Hampden 
 
 John Hampden 
 
 [4-right] 
 
 Bas relief: 
 Hampden arms. 
 
 1846. Mar. 17. Henry E. Watkins. 
 
 Mrs. Martha King elected Steward (succeeding W. M. 
 Lewis) : rent — board of one officer and the College servant, and 
 the board of the Trustees and their horses at their meetings. 
 Students, under the direction of the Faculty permitted to board 
 out of the commons hall (except at taverns), price of board 
 in commons $8. 
 
 Faculty and Clerk (F. N'. Watkins) to report a plan for a 
 primary department. 
 
 Committee to devise means for increasing the funds ; Wm. T. 
 Richardson to be agent, if the instruction of College can be 
 otherwise provided for. 
 
 1846. Aug. 21. Dr. W. B. Smith. 
 
 The Clerk reported a letter from Prof. B. S. Ewell, resigning 
 the office he held in this College. 1 Thanks tendered to Prof. 
 
 a The Cincinnati Foundation had at last become available, and Pro- 
 fessor Ewell was invited to Washington College (Va) to be the first 
 occupant of the Chair of Mathematics thus endowed. Twice afterwards 
 he was asked to return to Hampden Sidney, good evidence of his very- 
 valuable services while there. Colonel Ewell was a graduate of West 
 Point, an officer in the Confederate army, and for many years Presi- 
 dent of the College of William and Mary. It was he who, when there 
 were no students at William and Mary, had the college bell rung regu- 
 larly notwithstanding. 
 
132 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 Ewell for the very valuable services he has rendered the Col- 
 lege as instructor and officer. 
 
 Elections : Charles S. Venable, Professor of Mathematics 
 Rev. E. Ballentine " Languages 
 
 (declined Sept. 22. 1846) 
 Francis J. Mettauer, M. D., " " Chemistry 
 
 and Natural Philosophy. 
 
 Salaries : Whole of tuition fees and interest of permanent 
 fund (provided total does not exceed $4200) to be apportioned, 
 12/42 to the President, 10/42 to each Professor. All of the 
 Professors to reside in or near the College, and 120 days' notice 
 of resignation required. 
 
 Committee to confer with the Faculty elect and report any 
 alteration they deem proper in the course of studies of the Col- 
 lege similar to the course and plan at the University. 
 
 Tuition fee to be $40, no student to receive remission unless 
 by order of the Faculty. 
 
 Ordered, that the Faculty be instructed not to suspend here- 
 after the College exercises on the court days of Prince Edward 
 County. 
 
 1846. Sept. 22. D. Comfort. 
 
 President Sparrow was by unanimous vote appointed agent 
 for the College, and by like vote he was requested to act during 
 the ensuing vacation and collect funds for the College. 1 
 
 Committee on repairs to make repairs only absolutely neces- 
 sary. 
 
 Committee to provide for instruction in the Ancient Languages, 
 and if advised, to organise a Primary Department. 
 
 1847. Mar. 3. Dr. W. B. Smith. 
 
 Charles Martin of Ohio Unanimously elected Professor of 
 Ancient Languages from and after 1st June next. 
 
 The Committee on instruction reported that they had em- 
 ployed Dr. Graham and Mr. F. S. Sampson [of the Theological 
 Seminary] as Instructors till June. 
 
 *A petition was sent to the Legislature, dated Jan. 7, 1847, reciting 
 that the College has been sustained almost entirely by private contribu- 
 tion and that it possesses good buildings, but that the funds have fallen 
 so low as to put it out of the power of the trustees to pay competent 
 professors. It would be improper for the college to make further appeals 
 to individuals while the State has such a large fund to be used for edu- 
 cational purposes. The trustees ask for an annuity of $2500 and agree 
 in return to give free tuition to one student from each senatorial dis- 
 trict. 
 
James P. Marshall. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 133 
 
 1847. June 10. Dr. W. B. Smith. 
 
 Minute adopted after being discussed: — viz., 
 
 An Act to endow Hampden Sidney College 1 — Twelve hun- 
 dred scholarships, at one hundred dollars each, to be created 
 and established in Hampden Sidney College; subscriptions pay- 
 able on or before August 1st 1848, provided not less than six 
 hundred nor more than twelve hundred scholarships shall be 
 sold; holder's son or sons to have free tuition during natural 
 life of the purchaser, until youngest son shall have attained 
 the age of twenty one; if holder have no son, right of desig- 
 nation or assignment allowed for twenty years ; students on 
 scholarships to be exempt from tuition only; funds thus raised 
 to be securely invested (State or U. S. stocks) and income ap- 
 plied to salaries. [July 8, — Amendments; and a tenth article 
 added, stipulating that $500 subscribed and paid, is to entitle 
 the scrip-holder to nominate a scholar perpetually] 
 
 1847. Sept. 21. Dr. Graham. 
 
 Alexander Scott appointed Librarian. The Librarian to make 
 an annual report to the Trustees on the condition of the 
 Library. 
 
 Ordered, that the next College session commence with the 
 15th of October 1847; that there shall only be nine weeks vaca- 
 tion in twelve months, viz. one from the 15th Deer, terminat- 
 ing gth January following: the other for six weeks succeeding 
 the Wednesday before the 4th of July (Commencement Day) 
 
 Conditions at this time were discouraging enough. Alexander Scott, 
 who began his duties as Tutor Jan. 1, 1847, stated in a letter published 
 in the Magazine (1906, p. 263) that a few months after his appointment 
 he learned that a Mr. Martin from Ohio had sent in an application for 
 the Chair of Ancient Languages. Finding that this was Charles Martin, 
 his old teacher in Knox County, Ohio, he personally recommended him 
 to the Board, and Mr. Martin was elected. And that on his way to 
 Virginia, the Professor-elect heard of a system of scholarships which 
 had been adopted at 'Alexander Campbell College,' Bethaney, [W] Va. 
 This system Mr. Martin brought to the attention of the Board of 
 Trustees and the scheme met with favor. 
 
 Cf. Howison's History of Virginia. Vol. II. p. 472 [Preface dated Nov. 
 11, 1847 — The author had just before been a student at the Theological 
 Seminary] — 
 
 'Hampden Sydney College, in Prince Edward County, has not flour- 
 ished as its friends had hoped, for a school so unexceptionable in its 
 origin and object. In the last ten years, the number of students has 
 hardly attained an average of sixty, and now it is much less. Difficulties 
 have been experienced in providing an efficient organization of its 
 faculty. Within a very short time past, a change has occurred, which 
 will render a complete reorganization ultimately necessary. Efforts are 
 now in progress to raise a fund, by which permanent scholarships will 
 be attached to this college. With strenuous exertions it will again 
 prosper ; without them, it will^ we fear, become extinct.' 
 
i 3 4 CALENDAR] OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 Leave, without salary, granted to Prof. Charles S. Venable 
 for one year. 
 
 On application of Dr. J. P. Mettauer, leave granted Dr. 
 Francis J. Mettauer to fill the Chair of Chemistry in the Medi- 
 cal department of Randolph Macon College near Hampden 
 Sidney, 1 provided no studies shall be taught by Prof. Mettauer in 
 said medical department which are taught in Hampden Sidney. 
 
 Resolutions on the death of Samuel Branch and Nathaniel 
 E. Venable, members of the Board. 
 
 The President resigned his office — correspondence a part of 
 the records. 
 
 Committee on Instruction to request Dr. Wilson to act as 
 temporary President. 
 
 1847. Oct. 27. Dr. Wilson, Pres. pro tern. 
 
 Faculty requested to report any changes deemed expedient 
 by them in the requisites for graduation — and more particularly 
 on the expediency of requiring graduation in each department 
 or professor's school as at the University of Va. 
 
 1847. Dec. 15. F. S. Sampson, Pres. pro tern. 
 
 Three per cent to be the certain compensation of agents for 
 scholarships, and five per cent if 6oo scholarships are sold. 
 
 Messrs. Graham, Leyburn, and Venable a Committee of this 
 Corporation to appear before the Legislature, or either of its 
 committees, to present the petition and claims of this College 
 for state aid ; and to make any contract with the Legislature for 
 education of a reasonable number of students gratuitously, pro- 
 vided a grant of money is made to this College: and that the 
 
 *Dr. John Peter Mettauer, (a son of a French surgeon of the Revo- 
 lutionary army who had settled in Prince Edward County after the war) 
 was a surgeon of the first order. He spent his life in Prince Edward 
 County. He organized his medical pupils in 1837 into an institute, which 
 about 1847 became the Medical Department of Randolph Macon Col- 
 lege, at that time in the County of Mecklenburg. This Department 
 seems to have had no existence after the removal of Randolph Macon 
 to Hanover County. See, Transactions of the American Surgical Asso- 
 ciation. 1905 — President's Address [Dr. George Ben Johnston]. 
 
 It is of interest to remember that from 1847 to 1853, the Medical De- 
 partment of Hampden Sidney College was at Richmond, and a mile 
 away from Hampden Sidney College, at Prince Edward Court House, 
 was the Medical Department of Randolph Macon College, itself sixty 
 miles distant at Boydton. 
 
 The fancy may be indulged: Suppose Chancellor Taylor's celebrated 
 law school at 'Needham' in Cumberland County had been consolidated 
 with Dr. Mettauer's Medical School — these forming departments of 
 Hampden Sidney College, embracing also the Theological Seminary. 
 Dr. John Lee's gift to the 'University of Hampden and Sidney' would 
 then have been appropriately bestowed. 
 
David Comfort. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 135 
 
 same Committee associate with them Dr. Maupin, or other 
 friends of the College in Richmond or elsewhere. 
 
 1848. Jan. 14. S. C. Anderson. 
 
 Resolutions on the death of Colo. A. Dupuy. 
 
 After a full and free conference, and after hearing from the 
 agents of the College, the Board proceeded to elect a President, 
 whereupon Lewis W. Green of Baltimore was unanimously 
 elected the President of Hampden Sidney College. 
 
 Salary of the President to be two sevenths of the annual in- 
 comes of the College from the nett interest, dividends, and 
 tuition fees, and the remaining five sevenths to be divided among 
 the Professorships, provided that the President's salary shall 
 not exceed $1500 and that of each Professor $1000. 
 
 1848. July 31-Aug. 1. Dr. Wm. B. Smith. D. Comfort. 
 
 Written contract made with Prof. Martin to provide for the 
 instruction and government of the College for the next year. 
 
 Committee on finance restricted in their investments to Vir- 
 ginia and U. S. stocks. 
 
 Prof. Mettauer must reside at the College, when his health 
 permits. 
 
 On an examination by a Committee of the Board it was ascer- 
 tained that the 600 scholarships required by the Act of June and 
 July 1847 na d been subscribed.. Ordered, that Graham, H. E. 
 Watkins and Berkeley report an Address to the public in rela- 
 tion to the success of the scheme of endowing the College. 
 
 Committee on Agency to sell as speedily as possible 200 addi- 
 tional rights of scholarship. 
 
 A vote of thanks unanimously tendered to Agents and all 
 friends who had generously aided in the successful execution 
 of the Scholarship Scheme. 1 A communication from the Presi- 
 dent of Randolph Macon College regarding the action of the 
 Board Sept. 21, 1847, in allowing Prof. Mettauer to hold a con- 
 nection with the medical department of their [R. M.] institution 
 located in this vicinity : resolved, that this arrangement was only 
 intended to be permitted for one year. 
 
 *About 1850 the Board of Education of the Presbyterian Church made 
 great efforts to establish Schools and Colleges in different parts of the 
 country under the auspices and control of the Presbyteries and Synods 
 of the Church. La Fayette and Washington Colleges, in Pennsylvania, 
 were induced to place themselves under the control of the Synods within 
 whose bounds they were situated, and application was made to the 
 Legislature of Pennsylvania to alter their acts of incorporation to 
 enable the Synods to receive under their care these two colleges. 
 No breach of faith was involved in this scheme. Jefferson College re- 
 sisted similar pressure. Dr. Maclean, who became President of Prince- 
 
136 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 1848. Sept. 15. J. P. Marshall. 
 
 Resolved, that the Board adhere to its former orders in rela- 
 tion to the residence of Prof. Mettauer and his connexion with 
 Randolph Macon College. 
 
 Prof. F. J. Mettauer, M. D., resigned the office of Professor 
 of Chemistry and Natural Philosophy. 
 
 Mr. A. G. Mcllwaine of Petersburg was elected a Trustee of 
 Hampden Sidney College. 
 
 1848. Nov. 10. Rev. S. D. Stuart. 
 
 F. N. Watkins appointed Financial Agent, to settle up the 
 scholarship account, at a salary of $200; his subscription of 
 $300 remitted in consideration of services rendered. 
 
 Richard Sterling, Esqr., of Fredericksburg, elected Professor 
 of Chemistry and Natural Philosophy; committee to provide 
 for instruction until the arrival of the Professor. 
 
 Financial Committee to report to the Faculty the names of 
 all persons to whom scrip for scholarships has been issued; 
 Faculty to keep a record of all the incumbents of said scholar- 
 ships and report annually to the Board. 
 
 1849. Jan. 10. S. C. Anderson. 
 
 The President elect, the Rev. Lewis W. Green, D. D., took 
 the oath of office required by the General Assembly of Virginia, 
 and having delivered an address before the Trustees, the stu- 
 dents of the College, and a large audience, he took his seat as 
 a member of the Board. 
 
 Committee to correspond with the other Colleges in Virginia; 
 to take such steps as may seem advisable in preparing and pre- 
 senting memorials to the Legislature of Virginia for pecuniary 
 aid to the Colleges. 
 
 President Green added to the Committee on Agency. 
 
 The Trustees approving the intention of the Faculty to re- 
 quire recitations of the students on Saturday do decline grant- 
 ing the request of a portion of the students this day presented. 
 
 Laid on the table for future consideration: R'esd, that the 
 
 ton about that time, was absolutely opposed to any such direct control 
 of Colleges by the Church [See his, 'Letters on the True Relations of 
 Church and State to Schools and Colleges'] 
 
 Connected with this change from a close and self-perpetuating corpo- 
 ration to one the members of which were to be chosen by one or more 
 synodical bodies was a plan of endowment by means of cheap scholar- 
 ships. About 1852 both Washington and Jefferson Colleges, Pa., se- 
 cured endowments in this way, the one of $60,000, the other of $50,000. 
 The Princeton plan was different, being based on $1000 scholarships. 
 See, Maclean, History of the College of New Jersey, II, 330-335 J Higher 
 Education in Pennsylvania [Bulletin; Bureau of Education] p. 245. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 137 
 
 Trustees will establish, when the funds of the institution admit 
 it, a Chair of Agricultural Chemistry in the College. 
 
 1849. June 13-14. Col. T. H. Epes. 
 
 Ordered, that Prof. Martin be appointed Rector of the Pre- 
 paratory Department, with power to nominate an assistant in- 
 structor whose salary shall be $400 and his board at the Com- 
 mons Hall. 
 
 Committee on relocation of the public road east of the Col- 
 lege buildings to contract for the removal of the rubbish of the 
 building recently burnt. 1 
 
 Report of Committee on Agency — 
 
 Agents: 1) Charles Martin, special contract. 
 
 2) Rev. W. H. Pollard, 3% and expenses; appointed 
 
 the fall of 1847; nas procured 60 scholarships. 
 
 3) Rev. S. D. Stuart, | 
 
 Rev. W. C. Scott, > 5% appointed Apr. 7, 1848. 
 J. A. Scott, ) 
 
 Mr. Stuart has procured 175 scholarships, al- 
 lowing for adjusted deductions from 214. 
 
 4) Rev. J. S. Armistead has procured 38 scholarships, 
 
 commission adjusted. 
 
 Total commissions on all footings, 318 scholarships, $1,485 
 [not including the work of Prof. Martin.] 2 
 
 Agents now appointed: Dr. Green, Rev. S. D. Stuart, Rev. 
 J. S. Armistead, C. Martin, Rev. W. C. Scott, Dr. S. L. Graham, 
 and A. G. Mcllwaine — Rev. William H. Foote [June 14] ; at 
 3% and reasonable expenses. 
 
 The two eastern rooms in the second story of the Steward's 
 house to be converted into a room for the Grammar School, 
 contract payable out of funds subscribed for the purpose. 
 
 Agents to endeavor to raise $1,000, contingent fund, mainly 
 
 *This burnt building was the old President's house, which for some 
 fifteen years had been used as a Professor's house. This house gone, 
 there was little left of the old group of buildings. There was still a 
 remnant, called "Rat Castle," standing on the site of the present brick 
 dwelling north of the College. The old Steward's hall seems to have 
 stood about here, and the frame addition to the brick house on that site 
 is reported to have been a part of the first steward's establishment. 
 Buildings rose and fell near springs in the old times. There were sev- 
 eral good springs within the compass of Johnston's Gift. 
 
 2 Thus, within the two years, Professor Martin must have secured nearly 
 half the six hundred scholarships subscribed. 
 
 Mr. Stuart, (a graduate of Princeton Seminary) at this time pastor 
 of Briery Church, Prince Edward County, about 1866 raised $25,000 for 
 Washington and Lee, particularly in Baltimore and New York. 
 
 See, Catalogue of Alumni, Washington and Lee University, p. 19 
 
138 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 for the purchase of apparatus — on recommendation of Prof. 
 Sterling. 
 
 1849. Aug. 23. [Col. Epes.] 
 
 Committee on sale of lands to continue sales— so much of the 
 lands near Kingsville as may seem expedient. 
 
 Contract of lease with Mrs. King for the Steward's house. 
 
 $500 allowed Prof. Martin, travelling expenses as agent during 
 the vacation while he was agent. 
 
 1849. June 12-13. Col. Epes. 
 
 Thomas C. Miller elected Steward [in the place of Mrs. 
 Martha King, deceased] : — rent, board of two college servants 
 and a Tutor, the Trustees and their horses at their sessions, 
 and $50 to be expended in repairs. 
 
 Committee to sell bricks, posts, house, &c., remaining on the 
 old President's house lot and premises. 
 
 Report of the Committee on the President's Message. Cordial 
 approval expressed of the Act of the General Assembly of Va., 
 forbidding credits to students of Colleges. 
 
 Uniform enforcement ordered of the regulation for payment 
 of board in advance. 
 
 No student in the Preparatory School to attend any Class in 
 College. 
 
 An agent to be employed at a salary of $80 per month to 
 prosecute the scholarship fund scheme. 1 
 
 ^hat the College had taken on new life is evident from the follow- 
 ing Minutes [Records of the Philanthropic Society] — 
 
 Jan. 12, 1850 — The President then postponed the business for the pur- 
 pose of hearing the report of the Committee who had been appointed to 
 see into the expediency of building a new hall. They reported that they 
 had examined the list of members and found that there were 900 hon- 
 orary and graduate members, and that of those they had selected 274 
 names from whom something might be expected, to aid in building a new 
 hall, some they supposed would give nothing, but that an average of 
 10 dollars would be sufficient for the erection of such a building as was 
 contemplated, and that there were 80 regular members from whom 
 something might be expected, they advised that the society proceed with 
 great caution. They also reported that they had formed no plan of a 
 building, or no amount of the cost but that they had written to Prince- 
 ton for the plan of the halls there, and when they receive the desired in- 
 formation they would be able to report with precision what such a hall 
 would cost here. They proposed to let the college occupy the room 
 on the lower floor, it being responsible for all damage, and that it 
 [second floor?] have not less than two rooms, one for debate the other 
 tor library, and as far as they could ascertain, they thought the build- 
 ing would cost from $2 to 3000, not including the furniture of the 
 rooms. * * * Resolved that said Committee [appointed at this meet- 
 ing: Messrs. Graham, Sterling and Branch, honorary, and Messrs. Dick- 
 inson, Goodwyn, sen.; Burwell, and Bass, sen.] confer with a similar 
 

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 Asa D. Dickinson. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 139 
 
 1850. Dec. 18. A. D. Dickinson. 
 
 A resignation of Prof. R. Sterling of his professorship was 
 tendered and accepted. The Rev. Joseph R. Wilson was unani- 
 mously elected to the Professorship made vacant by the resigna- 
 tion of Richard Sterling, Esqr. 
 
 Resolutions on the death of Nelson Page of Cumberland. 
 
 1851. June 11-12. Henry E. Watkins. 
 
 The Rev. Dr. Fbote of Romney elected Trustee. 1 
 
 No dismissed or suspended student to return within 12 miles 
 of the College. 
 
 The Curator's salary to be 5% commission on receipts. 
 
 Claim for medical attendance on the servant Billy to be paid 
 out of monies in the hands of the Curator due for Billy's hire. 
 
 An Act of the Legislature to be procured, if practicable, 
 securing the scholarship fund against loss from claims by any 
 creditor of the College. 
 
 1052 MMPJune 8-10. S. C. Anderson. 
 
 Leave of absence for 18 months granted to Professor Venable 
 to visit and improve himself at the universities of Europe ; his 
 salary continued, the Faculty offering to discharge the duties of 
 his professorship. 
 
 committee from the Union Society in reference to the erection of a hall 
 at the same time; that they confer with the trustees concerning a joint 
 use of the building and a payment of a part of the expenses of erec- 
 tion ; and also that they enter into a correspondence' with the honorary 
 members in order to ascertain the prospect of success in an applica- 
 tion for funds. Proff. Sterling moved that a Committee be appointed 
 to draw off a perfect list of the honorary members and regular mem- 
 bers of this society to be handed in at the first meeting in March, 
 which being carried, Proff. Venable, Meredith, Holladay, Fitzgerald, 
 Carrington, and Morton were appointed. After which the regular 
 exercises were continued. 
 
 [Bill for printing Alumni Catalogue allowed. Aug. 23, 1850] 
 April 26, 1850 — Resolved, 
 
 That we deem it expedient to build a new hall of such a character as 
 the committee for that purpose shall think proper. 
 
 That in order to accomplish our purpose we deem it necessary to pub- 
 lish in the Richmond, Petersburg, Lynchburg, Farmville, and N. Caro- 
 lina papers that the members of the P. Society will meet in their hall 
 at 1 o'clock on the day of the anniversary meeting, for the purpose of 
 transacting important business. 
 
 *Dr. Foote had been a Trustee of the Theological Seminary since 
 1838. His connection with these institutions was a fortunate event, 
 which led him perhaps (in his invaluable Sketches of Virginia) to be- 
 come the chief historian of both. 
 
140 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 On recommendation of the Rector [Preparatory Department] 
 B. C. White elected Tutor, at a salary of $500 with board, to 
 be paid as a first charge on the room rents. 
 
 Motion to insure the College buildings rejected. 
 
 1853. June 14. 1 Col. Epes. 
 
 Letters were read from Dr. S. Maupin with reference to 
 creating a new chair for the Medical Department of H. S. 
 College, and nominating Dr. Martin A. Scott. 
 
 Dr. Green appointed agent, with the Faculty, for securing 
 $30,000 addition to the permanent fund, by subscriptions, dona- 
 tions, and scholarships, subscriptions not to be obligatory unless 
 $30,000 shall be promised within two years from Oct. 1, 1853. 
 Each member of the Faculty acting as agent to be allowed $100 
 a month and travelling expenses during the vacation — after- 
 wards a special agent to be appointed. 
 
 Dr. G. A. Wilson elected to the new chair in the Medical 
 Department. 
 
 Board in the Steward's Hall raised to $10 per month. 
 
 1853. Aug. 24. Col. J. P. Marshall. 
 
 Letters were read from Drs. Maupin and Tucker, calling a 
 meeting of the Board — also a letter from Dr. G. A. Wilson 
 with reference to Dr. Maupin. Adjournment until 2 o'clock. 
 
 2 o'clock : Resolved, that the Medical Faculty and Dr. Wilson 
 be admitted. Counsel for the Faculty granted leave to post- 
 pone his remarks until tomorrow morning at 9 o'clock. 
 
 Aug. 25. 
 
 Hearing of Mr. Raleigh T. Daniel, counsel for the Medical 
 Faculty. Adjournment to 2 o'clock. 
 
 2 o'clock: Personal explanations entered into and made be- 
 tween Dr. Green and Dr. Maupin. Adjournment. 
 
 Aug. 26. 
 
 Resolutions: Right of election to the Medical Faculty is, and 
 always has been, solely with the Board; Dr. G. A. Wilson is 
 the legally elected Professor of Physiology and Medical Juris- 
 prudence in the Medical Department of Hampden Sidney 
 College; the Board will treat (as it always has) with great re- 
 spect all recommendations on the part of the Medical Faculty. 
 
 1 0f the Class of 1853 were President Mcllwaine, Professor Holla- 
 day, and Dr. L. H. Blanton, President of Central University, Kentucky. 
 The student life at Hampden Sidney at that time is most interestingly 
 described in Dr. Mcllwaine's Reminiscences — Memories of Three Score 
 Years and Ten. Washington 1908. Chapter IX. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 141 
 
 1854. Jan. 4. A. G. Mcllwaine. 
 
 Samuel C. Anderson and William G. Flournoy to appear before 
 the Legislature in vindication of the Board's rights — the Medical 
 Faculty having applied to the Legislature for an independent 
 charter. 
 
 1854. June 13-15. A. G. Mcllwaine. 
 
 Thanks tendered to the Rev. Dr. Armistead, who gave an 
 account of his agency for the College. 
 
 The next session to commence Sept. 1st, instead of Aug. 15th. 
 
 Appropriation of $600 to be divided among the four Pro- 
 fessors in addition to their salary. 
 
 Minute adopted in regard to the Medical Faculty : the Board 
 acquiescent though unconvinced; the Medical Department of 
 Hampden Sidney College abolished. 1 
 
 1855. Jan. 25. Dr. Armistead. 
 
 A letter from Prof. Wilson was read resigning his professor- 
 ship. 2 This chair to be entitled the Chair of Physical Science; 
 Prof. Venable to be transferred to it, teaching also the higher 
 mathematics. 
 
 Rev. Dr. Armistead, agent for the College, then made his 
 report: 'That in the recent enterprise more than $30,000 (the 
 sum necessary to make the subscriptions obligatory) has been 
 subscribed.' This amount to be considered as due and bearing 
 interest from Feb. 1, 1855. Dr. Armistead allowed 4 per cent, 
 for collecting and bonding the above named subscriptions. 
 
 1 For a discussion of the whole matter, See: Opinions of G. N. John- 
 son and A. A. Morson, Esqs., upon Questions concerning the Rights of 
 the Faculty of the Medical Department of Hampden Sidney College to- 
 gether with the Reply of the same Faculty to the Memorial of the 
 Twenty-two Physicians, &c. Richmond : Elliot and Nye, 1853, pp. 53. 8 vo. 
 
 Among the documents is a letter from Dr. John W. Draper to Dr. 
 Socrates Maupin, dated University, New York, July 29, 1853: "You are 
 right in supposing that the negotiations for the establishment of your 
 College were for the most part conducted through me. * * * The 
 intention of the parties was that the power should be virtually in the 
 Medical Faculty. * * * My recollection of these arrangements is 
 clear, because at the organization of the medical department of this 
 University, which took place soon after, and in which I was the chief 
 negotiator, the same principles were introduced, the example of the 
 Richmond school being constantly before us." 
 
 2 Dr. Joseph R. Wilson no doubt left Hampden Sidney in the summer 
 of 1855. A few months later his son, Woodrow Wilson (President of 
 Princeton University, Governor of New Jersey, &c), was born, at 
 Staunton, Augusta County. 
 
142 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 1855. June 12-14. Dr. Wm. S. Morton. 
 
 A letter from Prof. Venable, expressing his desire to retain 
 his former position of Professor of Mathematics rather than 
 to be transferred to the Chair of Physical Science. 
 
 Lewis L. Holladay was elected to the Chair of Physical 
 Science. 
 
 Walter Blair elected Tutor for one year. Messrs Stuart and 
 Hoge a committee to consider the improving the College build- 
 ings and grounds. 
 
 Price of board to be $12. 
 
 Messrs. Hoge and Southall and President Green a committee 
 to reorganize the Society of Alumni and procure a speaker who 
 shall represent them at the next commencement. 1 
 
 1855. Dec. 19. Col. Marshall. 
 
 Professor Venable resigns: resignation to take effect Jan. 13th,. 
 1856. 2 Professor Venable offers to return the salary paid him 
 while he was in Europe: Board declines to accept. 
 
 Messrs. S. C. Anderson, Thornton, Southall, and Dickinson a 
 committee to represent this Board in the Legislature on the 
 subject of getting aid to the College. 
 
 Dr. Green to grant the petition offered by the students for 
 1 week's vacation during the Christmas holidays. 
 
 1856. June 24. Col. Marshall. 
 
 Committee to confer with Dr. Green and express their earnest 
 desire that he should remain in his present position; Board re- 
 gards his continuance as vitally important. 
 
 Salaries guaranteed: to the President $1,500; to each of the 
 Professors $1,000. 
 
 1 There was an active Alumni Association in 1840 — See Minutes, Union 
 Society, Aug. 29, 1840 — 'William H. McFarland, Alumni Association 
 orator for the present year, elected to honorary membership' [Mr. Mc- 
 Farland, President of the Farmers Bank of Virginia, had been a member 
 of the Philanthropic Society when a student at the College]. 
 
 The Alumni Associations at both Harvard and Yale were organized 
 about 1840. The earliest Society of the kind seems to have been that 
 at Williams College, 1821. 
 
 2 Charles Scott Venable was born in Prince Edward County, April 
 19, 1827; A. B., Hampden Sidney College, 1842; of the Faculty of the 
 College during a period of fourteen years; Professor of Natural 
 Philosophy, University of Georgia, of Mathematics and Astronomy, 
 University of South Carolina; Colonel, C. S. A., and a. d. c, General 
 Lee; Professor of Mathematics, University of Virginia, 1865-1896; author 
 of a series of mathematical text books; d. Aug. 11, 1900 [See Kaleido- 
 scope, IX, 28-40, article by William M. Thornton]. 
 
Lewis W. Green. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 143 
 
 1856. Aug. 5. Mr. Comfort. 
 
 A letter was read from Dr .Green resigning his seat as 
 President of the College — which resignation was accepted as 
 taking effect from the 1st of September next, and 
 
 On motion, a committee of three, to wit, Messrs. Stuart, 
 Berkeley, and Anderson were appointed to express to Dr. Green 
 the feelings and sentiments of the Board in reference to his 
 leaving the College — 'they feel it due to themselves to express 
 their high appreciation of his able, self-sacrificing, and success- 
 ful administration.' 1 
 
 1856. Aug. 21. Mr. Comfort. 
 
 The order of the day was taken up, which was to elect a 
 President of the College. The following gentlemen were nomi- 
 nated, to wit, Messrs. M. D. Hoge, J. H. Bocock, C. S. Venable, 
 A. L. Holladay, and T. V. Moore, and after ballotings being 
 made, the Rev. A. L. Holladay was declared unanimously 
 elected. 2 
 
 a Dr. Green returned to Kentucky, becoming President of Transyl- 
 vania University (State Normal School), dying in 1863, President of 
 Centre College. 
 
 Dr. Joseph R. Wilson, who had been a student under Dr. Green at 
 Alleghany Seminary and was his colleague at Hampden Sidney, wrote of 
 him : — "Surely there never was a more admirable teacher. His scholar- 
 ship was as profound and as comprehensive as it was minute and exact. 
 His whole method of imparting knowledge, his skill in drawing out the 
 utmost resources of his pupils, his enthusiasm in dealing with truth, the 
 impression he made on his classes of an equal greatness of mind and 
 heart, his flowing geniality, mingled with all the elements of needful 
 authority, rendered the hours of recitation wonderfully pleasant and 
 profitable. * * * No college president ever enjoyed a purer fame. 
 The fact is undeniable that Dr. Green was a really great man, and 
 had his bodily health been as robust as his mental energies were strong, 
 he would have become illustrious. As it was, he left behind him in 
 Virginia a name free from blemish, and for commanding, positive excel- 
 lence well deserving of being held in grateful remembrance. The cause 
 of education in the old Commonwealth will forever remain his debtor. 
 [Memoir, By L. J. Halsey, New York, 1871, pp. 33, 50.] 
 
 2 The Rev. M. D. Hoge, D. D. member of the Board of Trustees; the 
 Rev. John H. Bocock. D. D., a graduate of Amherst College, 1835; in 
 1856 pastor of the Presbyterian Church at Harrisonburg, Va., later 
 pastor of the Bridge Street Church, Georgetown, D. C. ; d. 1872; 
 Professor Venable, recently of the College; the Rev. Albert L. Holladay, 
 sometime a Professor in the College, a missionary in Persia (1836-1849) ; 
 in 1856 pastor of a church near Charlottesville, Va. ; the Rev. T. V. 
 Moore, D. D., a graduate of Dickinson College, 1838; in 1856 pastor of 
 the First Presbyterian Church, Richmond, Va., and Editor of the Central 
 Presbyterian; d. 1871. 
 
144 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 1856. Nov. 7. Dr. Armistead. 
 
 Death of President-elect Holladay — 'Our church in Virginia 
 and Virginia herself has occasion to deplore the loss of one 
 whose simplicity and purity of character, whose gentleness and 
 dignity of manner, whose ripe and elegant scholarship, and 
 whose attractive and mature piety entitled him to the reverential 
 love of all to whom the interests of learning and religion are 
 dear.' 
 
 The Rev. Moses D. Hoge was elected President [Declined 
 Jan. 16, 1857]. 
 
 1857. May 11. Col. Epes. 
 
 The election of President was taken up, and after several 
 nominations were made and four ballotings the Rev. John M. P. 
 Atkinson was declared unanimously elected. 
 
 1857*. June 9. Dr. Morton. 
 
 Dr. Dabney and Prof. Martin were invited to sit with the 
 Board during its present session. 
 
 Rev. Mr. Atkinson appeared in the Board, after some con- 
 ference accepted his appointment and took the oath prescribed 
 by law. 1 
 
 By invitation, Prof. Martin was called on, and gave an account 
 of the state of the College in the interregnum. 
 
 Prof. Martin and Capt. Perkinson to ascertain the rights of 
 persons holding scholarships, and make such a report as will 
 guide the faculty in the admission of students under these 
 rights. 
 
 Dr. Hoge was invited to assist the President-elect in conduct- 
 ing the Commencement exercises. 
 
 On motion of Mr. Mcllwaine the College buildings were in- 
 sured to the amount of $10,000. 
 
 Committee to draw up and present to the Board a report with 
 reference to the late tragedy in the College, to wit, the murder of 
 Charles T. Edie by E. A. Langhorne. 2 
 
 The Rev. Dr. Armistead to continue as agent of the College, 
 
 President Atkinson was born in 1817 in Dinwiddie County; graduated 
 at Hampden Sidney College in 1835, at Union Theological Seminary in 
 1838, and at Princeton Seminary in 1840; was a missionary in Texas for 
 a year, pastor of the Warrenton, Va., Presbyterian Church, and of the 
 Bridge Street Church, Georgetown, D. C; C. S. A.,; died Aug. 28, 1883. 
 [See Memorial Address, by William M. Thornton, Petersburg, 1900]. 
 
 2 Langhorne's mind was perhaps disordered. A trifling dispute, some- 
 thing about a girl's handkerchief, led to the stabbing, which happened 
 just within the entrance to Fourth Passage, Jan. 27, 1857. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 145 
 
 for the increase of the permanent and contingent funds by sub- 
 scriptions and donations. 
 
 1858. June 8. Dr. Morton. 
 
 No student to matriculate until he shall produce satisfactory 
 evidence that he has paid his board for the half session in 
 advance. 
 
 Col. Henry Stokes and T. T. Tredway, Esqr. elected Trustees. 
 
 Drs. Armistead and Atkinson, committee for the purpose of 
 increasing the funds, continued with instructions to suspend 
 applications for $100 scholarships. 
 
 Walter Blair elected Adjunct Professor of Languages, at 
 $600; to be advanced according to the funds to $800. 
 
 1859. June 14-15. Samuel C. Anderson. 
 
 On motion of Mcllwaine a committee was appointed to report 
 to this meeting some scheme for a more enlarged endowment 
 of the College. Messrs. Mcllwaine and Perkinson, and Drs. 
 Atkinson, Hoge, and Watkins were appointed this committee. 1 
 
 'In order to preserve the dignity and decorum becoming in a 
 literary institution, the Board of Trustees have committed to 
 the Faculty and require them to maintain the controul of all 
 assemblages, amusements, and exercises of the College on public 
 days and throughout the session, and that no gathering or 
 pastime be permitted without their consent.' 
 
 Messrs Stuart, Comfort, and Booth, a committee to consider 
 the subject of building rooms on College grounds for the ac- 
 commodation of students. 
 
 Report of Committee of Ways and Means — Believing that 
 the time is approaching when an effort on a larger scale than 
 has heretofore been attempted, must be made to place this 
 College on a foundation demanded by the character and neces- 
 sities of the Presbyterian Church in Virginia — Inasmuch as 
 experience proves that it is easier to raise a sum sufficiently 
 large to accomplish a great end, than a small one which will 
 not meet the exigency, we will adopt a scheme for raising not less 
 than $100,000. 
 
 Scheme: one class of subscribers to give on condition that 
 $50,000 be raised; another class to give $10, or any amount, 
 for each $10,000 secured, subscriptions counting towards the 
 several $10,000. Those who prefer to invest in scholarships may 
 
 'The statement drawn up by this committee has been preserved in the 
 Hampden Sidney Magazine, Vol. II, 329-331 (October, i860). The first 
 number of the Magazine appeared January, 1859. The first two volumes, 
 published by the Literary Societies, were of a very high order of college 
 journalism. The third volume was unfortunately delayed until 1884. 
 
146 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 do so — $500 a perpetual scholarship; $100, tuition of a son, or 
 sons, or of a nominee for twenty years. 
 
 The Chair of Ancient Languages to be divided — Prof. Martin, 
 Greek; Prof. Blair, Latin. 
 
 Petition from Union Society granted — for leave to fit room 
 No. 22 as a room for their Librarian. 
 
 [This circular, published in the Magazine for October, i860,, 
 brings out a few of the difficulties experienced after ten years 
 of the scholarships plan. There is no question that the plan 
 was at the time a necessary one — 
 
 "Whilst the number of our students has increased, there has 
 not been, from the nature of the case there could not be, a 
 corresponding increase in the number of our professors. For 
 years past not a dollar has come into our treasury from tuition 
 fees, and whilst the use of scholarships can be secured at a 
 merely nominal sum, it is evident that nothing can be expected 
 £ from this source. Except from room-rents, the income of the 
 Institution has been about the same with one hundred and 
 thirty-five students as if the matriculates reached only the fifth 
 or the tenth of that number. Indeed, without an addition to our 
 permanent fund, we must look for a reduction instead of an 
 increase of our corps of instructors. The proceeds of the 
 scholarship fund afford a meagre support to only four teachers, 
 while, for a long time past, the services of five have been im- 
 peratively demanded. In these circumstances the only recourse 
 of the trustees was to appropriate the sum derived from room 
 rents to the support of a tutor or an assistant professor. This, 
 therefore, has been done, and a fund, the natural direction of 
 which would be the repair of the buildings of the Institution, 
 has been devoted to increasing the number of its instructors. 
 The consequences of this policy have been such as might have 
 been anticipated. While the students of the College have been 
 the recipients of an amount of professional care and assistance 
 beyond what they had the right to expect, the buildings and en- 
 closures have fallen into disrepair, and the grounds exhibit none 
 of those attractions which the judicious expenditure of a few 
 hundred dollars would secure. Nor is this all. Debts con- 
 tracted for repairs of urgent and immediate necessity have re- 
 mained unpaid until the patience of our creditors has been 
 exhausted, and we have only been saved from a suit at law by 
 the liberaltiy of friends who have advanced the money to meet 
 our most pressing liabilities. But this state of things cannot 
 last long. Either an important addition must very soon be made 
 to our funds or we must consent to lose the services of our 
 fifth professor — a gentleman from whose connection with the 
 College we have expected the most important benefits. We 
 
Travis H. Epe; 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 147 
 
 must continue in debt till the room rents yield a sufficient sum 
 to pay off our liabilities, and meanwhile the real estate of the 
 College must be constantly falling into worse condition. In 
 such circumstances can the Institution continue to advance? 
 * * * Now, to avoid these evils, and to secure on the other 
 hand, as far as they can secure it, a higher prosperity to the 
 college than she has ever enjoyed — the Board of Trustees have 
 resolved to raise one hundred thousand dollars toward the full 
 endowment of the College. Every dollar of the principal of 
 this sum is to be invested in the safest securities and the income 
 is to be devoted to the support of the Institution. By the 
 liberality of a few individuals and with very little effort to 
 obtain their contributions, a considerable part of this sum has 
 already been pledged; but to secure the whole it will evidently 
 be necessary to invoke the aid of the friends of the Institution 
 and of sound learning in every part of the field of our opera- 
 tions. To gain a favorable response we believe that it will only 
 be necessary to bring before the minds of the people the urgency 
 of the case and the greatness of the benefits which may be 
 expected from the success of our effort. Let this one hundred 
 thousand dollars be raised — what consequences may we naturally 
 anticipate? The income of the College more than doubled, the 
 faculty can be greatly enlarged, while the salaries of its individ- 
 ual members may be increased — the College buildings and 
 grounds will be repaired and beautified, and as the result of all 
 this at no distant day our students will reach twice their present 
 number. And to our whole State, especially to that part of the 
 State in which the College is placed, the benefit would be incal- 
 culable. It is to education as a means of State influence and an 
 element of State prosperity, that the attention of Virginia should 
 be most earnestly directed. No man can intelligently consider 
 our peculiar circumstances of local position, climate, health, 
 historic associations, and the multitudinous ties which bind to 
 the old mother of states her daughters of the South and South- 
 west without seeing that it is in the power of Virginia to become 
 the great educational state of the South and of the Union. The 
 influence of her University has tended and is tending powerfully 
 to this result. But the influence of the University is not suffi- 
 cient of itself and alone to secure the wished-for end. It must 
 be supplemented by the influence of colleges — colleges of the 
 highest rank, or Virginia can never perform the whole work 
 to which she is called, informing the minds and the hearts of the 
 young men of America. Do not the past and the present of 
 Hampden Sidney point her out as at least equally, with any 
 of her sisters, the hope of the State in the attainment of this 
 great object? 
 
148 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 Upon the grounds thus far considered, the duty of support- 
 ing Hampden Sidney might be urged with equal force upon 
 any citizen of the Commonwealth, at least of that portion of 
 the State in which she is placed. But upon the Presbyterian 
 Church of Virginia she certainly has peculiar claims. Though 
 not formally, she is and ever has been virtually a Presbyterian 
 College. 
 
 J. M. P. Atkinson, 
 
 M. D. Hoge, 
 
 A. G. Mcllwaine, 
 
 T. E. Perkinson, 
 
 F. B. Watkins, M. D., 
 
 T. T. Tredway, 
 
 Committee.] 
 
 1860. June 12. Dr. Morton. 
 
 A. D. Dickinson authorized to sell a corner of land opposite 
 King's Old Tavern. 
 
 Robert M. Booker elected Steward, on lease. President 
 authorized to borrow $2,000 — demands of contingent fund now 
 pressing. 
 
 Committee of Ways and Means much encouraged — more than 
 $12,000 pledged — expedient to suspend offering scholarships — 
 propriety urged of again seeking aid of the Legislature — Agents 
 allowed 5% and necessary travelling expenses — Dr. Atkinson, 
 acting as agent, to be allowed 5%, and expenses, in addition to 
 salary. The College to be covered with tin, if funds are 
 available. 
 
 1861. Aug. 6. S. C. Anderson. 
 
 'Under the special circumstances in which the last Senior 
 Class of College was placed at the close of the session, it was 
 
 Resolved, That without requiring attendance at the college, 
 we permit the members who failed to stand their examinations, 
 to receive the degree of Bachelor of Arts whenever they shall 
 present certificates from the several Professors that they have 
 passed the examinations in their respective departments.' 
 
 'On motion of Dr. Watkins, 
 
 Resolved, That the Board of Trustees, most heartily approve 
 of the course adopted by the President and Professor Martin 
 in offering their services in the defence of their country. Re- 
 solved further, That the Board highly approve the course of 
 the President in forming and heading a volunteer company of 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 149 
 
 the students, from this institution, and that both he and the 
 students are entitled to our high consideration and approval/ 1 
 
 The Steward granted leave to keep at the Steward's hall a 
 fruit and confectionery store, subject to the supervision of the 
 President and Professors. 
 
 Committee to provide for 'the instruction of the students 
 of the College, during the absence of a part of our Professors 
 in the military defence of the country; with authority to engage 
 any additional aid, upon the application of the remaining Pro- 
 fessors, as in the judgment of the committee may be necessary: 
 and that the compensation therefor be made out of the salary of 
 the President/ 
 
 Dr. Atkinson continued as agent of the College. 
 
 Professor Blair allowed to remain another year in Europe. 
 
 Committee authorized to employ additional instructors was 
 also empowered to procure military instructors for the time 
 being, if practicable. 
 
 [Oct. 1, 1861 — John W. Jackson of Fluvanna Co. 2 appointed 
 military instructor for the session: salary, fees from his classes.] 
 
 H^he services of this company of Hampden Sidney Boys were brief. 
 The company was mustered in early in May, 1861 : Officers, — President 
 Atkinson, captain; John W. Jackson, first lieutenant; Robt. G. Temple, 
 second lieutenant; Tazewell M. McCorkle, third lieutenant; W. W. Page, 
 orderly sergeant. At Richmond, the company was attached to the 
 Twentieth Virginia, Col. John Pegram. Orders were to join the com- 
 mand of General Garnett at Laurel Hill, Pendleton Co. Arriving at 
 Laurel Hill, Col. Pegram's regiment was sent to Rich Mountain, about 
 twenty miles off. Communication between the two posts was cut off. 
 General McClellan attacked both simultaneously, and with an over- 
 whelming force. Col. Pegram surrendered July n, 1861. General 
 McClellan treated Captain Atkinson and his company with great courtesy. 
 Lieutenant McCorkle said, "The Captain possessed the highest qualifica- 
 tions of a soldier, but lacked the thorough military training." See 
 articles in Kaliedoscope, 1894, 1906, 1909, etc., etc. 
 
 Afterwards the students of the College formed another company, of 
 which Dr. Atkinson was again Captain. This company was under the 
 command of General Kemper, along with all the reserve forces of the 
 state, but were not at any time continuously in the field. They 'were 
 ordered out to meet all raiding parties that had in view the destruction 
 of the railroads and in other ways cut off the supplies shipped to Gen. 
 Lee's army from the Southwest. They were sometimes in camp two or 
 three weeks at a time, but never had anything more than skirmishing in 
 the way of fighting.' 
 
 [Statement of George B. Morton, Class of 1867.] 
 
 From the figures given in the General Catalogue, between four and 
 five hundred of the alumni of the College were in the Confederate army; 
 nearly a hundred died in service. 
 
 2 Jackson was first lieutenant of the College Company, which was cap- 
 tured at Rich Mountain; he had had military training before the war, 
 perhaps at the Virginia Military Institute. 
 
150 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 1862. June 11-12. Colin Stokes. Dr. Armistead. 
 
 Mr. Tredway made his report as Chairman of the committee 
 to recommend military instruction, and asked a continuance of 
 the same for another year, which was granted. 
 
 A salary of $750 appropriated to Mr. Wm. Caruthers as 
 Professor of Mathematics, pro tern, [vice Prof. Snyder, re- 
 signed Oct. 1, 1861.] 
 
 On motion of Dr. Watkins, it was Resolved, That the Board 
 of Trustees have a right to change the investment of the College 
 funds from State or United States bonds to Confederate States 
 bonds. (All voting in the affirmative except Dr. Berkeley.) 
 
 On motion, Resolved, That a committee consisting of the 
 Treasurer and Mr. A. G. Mcllwaine be instructed to sell the 
 whole fund of Va. State bonds, and $500 of Southside Railroad 
 stock, and invest the same and other monies that may in a 
 short time be collected, in Confederate States bonds — Provided 
 that on farther examination of the subject, it shall not appear 
 to them inexpedient to change the character of the fund.' 1 
 
 Drs. Atkinson, Foote, and John H. Bocock requested to act 
 as agents — at 5% allowance on amounts collected, and travelling 
 expenses. 
 
 'Whereas the Board of Trustees having been informed that 
 Professor Blair has tendered his resignation as a member of 
 the Faculty with the view of volunteering to fight in the Con- 
 federate army in defence of our liberties — Therefore, Resolved 
 unanimously that in the opinion of this Board the interest of 
 the country will best be promoted by Professor Blair's retaining 
 his connection with Hampden Sidney, and therefore we decline 
 to receive his resignation. 
 
 Resolved further, That in the event of Prof. Blair's decision 
 to decline entering upon his official duties at present, the Board 
 grant him leave of absence during such a period as Mr. Blair 
 may feel his duties and obligations call him in the army.' 2 
 
 ^he statement is made that Treasurer Perkinson got the College 
 bonds together, put them into his saddle-bags, and rode to Petersburg to 
 consult with Mr. Mcllwaine, whose decision was that it appeared inex- 
 pedient to change the character of the fund. Mr. Mcllwaine was a man 
 of large business and his advice was often of great value. 
 
 2 Professor Blair returned from Germany during the war, and served 
 to the end, in Cabell's Battalion, Richmond Howitzers, Army of North-i 
 ern Virginia. Professor Martin, a native of Vermont, entered the war 
 as a member of a Prince Edward Cavalry Company, which became Co. 
 : K, Third Virginia; honorably discharged in 1862 for physical disability, 
 serving in local organizations until the end of the war. Professor Holla- 
 : day for a time was engaged in manufacturing nitrates in North Carolina, 
 'for use in gun-powder. Professor Snyder, born in Frederick Co., 
 Virginia, and educated in Pennsylvania, resigned at the beginning of the 
 Svar, being a Union man. 
 
A. G. McIlwAine. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 151 
 
 1863. June 9-11. Colin Stokes. 
 
 'On motion of Col. Epes it was Resolved, that we the Board 
 of Trustees of Hampden Sydney College will give tuition in the 
 College proper to all young men maimed in the present war, and 
 to the sons of such as are killed in the prosecution of the same/ 
 
 The committee for changing the investment of the College 
 funds, on its application was discontinued. 
 
 The Treasurer empowered at his discretion to change the 
 $5000 call Confederate bond into 7 per cent. Confederate b&nds. 
 
 The President and Trustees will cheerfully accept funds the 
 interest of which to be applied to the fees other than tuition of 
 men maimed during the present war or the sons of men killed in 
 the service of the country; provided that when the specific 
 purposes for which such funds are given shall have been an- 
 swered, the funds shall vest in the Trustees absolutely. 
 
 Fees ordered : Tuition $60. 
 
 Room rent $20. 
 Contingencies $15. 
 Deposit $10. 
 
 A Professorship to be now created 'to be called the Chair of 
 Modern Languages, and the occupant of that chair to be required 
 to teach the military drill i 1 such chair to be filled as soon as 
 the services of the Professor shall be required in the institution/ 
 
 1864. Apr. 16. S. C. Anderson. 
 
 A committee was appointed to memorialize the Confederate 
 Congress on the subject of exempting the funds of the College, 
 and of the Libraries of the Literary Societies connected there- 
 with, from taxation. And that said memorial be forwarded to 
 our Representatives in Congress. 2 
 
 Mr. A. D. Dickinson, Dr. Atkinson, and Dr. Watkins were 
 appointed a committee to present said memorial. 
 
 1864. June 14. Colin Stokes. 
 
 The question of appointing a Professor of Modern Languages 
 was discussed and for the present postponed. 
 
 lr This was an opportunity which Col. Louis Gasperi, Teacher of French, 
 Italian and Spanish in 1826-27, might have seized to advantage. As was 
 becoming in an institution due somewhat to Scotland, there was provision 
 made at Hampden Sidney for French, at least, almost from the first. 
 There was no fixed policy regarding the Modern Languages until 1871, 
 a special tuition fee for each language being charged until 1880. 
 
 2 "The Chair laid before the House the memorial of the president and 
 trustees of Hampden Sidney College, asking a modification of the tax 
 law; which was referred to the Committee on Ways and Means" — 
 Journal, House of Representatives, Confederate Congress, May 19, 1864. 
 [Senate Doc, Vol. 31, p. 79 — 58th Congress, 2d Session]. 
 
i 5 2 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 'On motion, the Board adjourned till Sy 2 o'C tomorrow — 
 and at that hour in consequence of the expected raid of the 
 public enemy, 1 the Board adjourned to meet at the call of the 
 President.' 
 
 1864. July 26-27. Dr. Watkins. 
 
 'On motion of Dr. Atkinson, Resolved, that the Secretary 
 of War be requested to exempt from military service during 
 the ensuing session such students of H. S. College as shall be- 
 come seventeen years of age in the course of the session. 2 
 
 Resolved 2d, that Rev. M. D. Hoge be requested to present 
 this petition to the Secretary of War.' 
 
 The Treasurer empowered to sell or retain the coupons on 
 the cotton bonds belonging to the College. 
 
 The preparatory school to be taught the ensuing year by such 
 members of the Faculty as are willing to engage in it. 
 
 The College servant has made contracts as a freeman. 
 
 The Faculty of the College authorized to employ a Professor 
 of Modern Languages for the ensuing session; the tuition for 
 modern languages to be $100 for each language; in conference 
 with the candidate for Professor of Modern Languages the 
 Faculty distinctly to inform him that he must depend upon the 
 the tuition fees for salary. 
 
 The President directed to publish in at least two newspapers 
 of extensive circulation a full advertisement of the institution 
 for the next collegiate year. 
 
 On motion, the tuition and other fees are increased this year 
 to double of what they were last year. 
 
 Dr. Atkinson to be the sole agent of the College in collecting 
 subscriptions, with the power to appoint sub-agents during the 
 collegiate year ensuing. 
 
 1 This rumor of war no doubt came from Campbell County immediately 
 to the west. — See Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies. 
 'Series I, Vol. XXXVII, Part I, p. 156: 
 ' [Telegram.] 
 
 Lynchburg, June 14, 1864, 8:38 A. M. 
 ' I am here with 2,000 cavalry. Ewing's main column, about 15,000 
 strong. General Duffie, with 4,000 men, is in Amherst. I am arranging 
 to attack him to-day. A marauding party, not over 300, forded James 
 River eight miles below here last night, and burnt Concord Depot, on 
 South Side Railroad, and went on to Campbell Court House. I have sent 
 detachment in pursuit. 
 
 J. D. Imboden, 
 
 ' General Braxton Bragg. [Brigadier-General] 
 
 8 cf. Minutes, Philanthropic Society, June 13, 1813: 'Subject of next 
 'debate, Whether the late act of the legislature of this State repealing the 
 law which exempted students of publick seminaries from mustering is: 
 commendable or not/ 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 155 
 
 1865. July 18. Col. Marshall. 
 
 The agent (Dr. Atkinson) authorized to settle unpaid sub- 
 scriptions as he might think best, and to convert into money any 
 commodities he may receive. 
 
 The President authorized to negotiate a loan sufficient to 
 sustain the Faculty during the suspension of payment of interest 
 on the Virginia State bonds owned by the College; such interest 
 to be pledged as security. 
 
 The scholarship fund being totally unavailable (invested in 
 Virginia State stocks) no student to be received without pay- 
 ment of tuition [Repealed, June 13, 1866]. On payment of 
 accrued interest by the State, holders of scholarship scrip af- 
 fected as above to be indemnified. 
 
 1866. May 15 . Dr. Foote. 
 
 'Henceforth any trustee of this institution who fails to attend 
 the regular meetings of the Board for two consecutive years, 
 and who furnishes no satisfactory excuse for his absence, to be 
 dropped from the rolls, and no longer to be regarded as a 
 trustee of the College.' 
 
 1866. June 12-13. Mr. Comfort. 
 
 Mr. Perkinson and Prof. Martin to prepare a report on the 
 scholarships held in this College, with the dates of sale thereof, 
 the names of the holders, and their duration. 
 
 Committee [A. G. Mcllwaine and Dr. Atkinson] to take into 
 consideration raising funds for the temporary use of the College, 
 urge the appointment of the Revs. R. Mcllwaine, A. Pitzer, and 
 H. C. Alexander as special agents. 
 
 Authorization of sale of perpetual scholarships. 
 
 Steward's hall to be leased — lessee not to retail ardent spirits 
 or wine in the county. 
 
 1866. Aug. 1. J. F. Mcllwaine. 
 
 Board proceeded to the election of a Professor of Mathematics 
 whose salary shall be one thousand dollars payable semi-annually 
 on the 15th July and 15th Jan'y of each year, and that said 
 Professor of Math, shall be entitled to the rent of the Steward's 
 Hall or occupy the premises. 
 
 After reading the recommendations and testimonials of many 
 applicants it was resolved that Col. Delaware Kemper of Alex- 
 andria be elected Professor of Mathematics. 1 
 
 • Professor Kemper had been Lieutenant-Colonel of Artillery in the 
 Confederate army. He was a military engineer of great ability. A good 
 many of his reports are preserved in the Official Records, Union and 
 Confederate Armies. Under President Cleveland he was Consul at 
 Amoy, China. Colonel Kemper was a graduate in schools of the Uni- 
 versity of Virginia, 1849-1851. His term of office at Hampden Sidney 
 was from 1866 to 1883; he died at Alexandria, Va., about 1894. 
 
154 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 1867. June 11-12. T. T. Tredway. 
 
 Dr. Armistead resigns as Trustee ; the Rev. Dr. R. L. Dabney 
 elected Trustee. 
 
 The Faculty of the College to be the committee of buildings 
 and repairs, and to elect the Curator; money received for room 
 rents and servant's hire to be used exclusively for repairs. 
 
 Resignation of Capt. Perkinson as Treasurer — 'the Board ex- 
 press their grateful appreciation of the valuable services ren- 
 dered by Capt. Perkinson as Treasurer of the College.' 
 
 Mr. T. T. Tredway elected Treasurer at 2^ per cent, on 
 all monies received. 
 
 Faculty authorized to organize a department for instruction in 
 Applied Mathematics with such fees as may seem to them ex- 
 pedient — and attendance on the class thus organized to be 
 voluntary. 
 
 Petition of the students with reference to the roof of the 
 College referred to committee on repairs. 
 
 Report submitted by the Faculty, particularly in relation to 
 the excellent conduct of the students, heard with great pleasure. 
 
 \ 
 
 1868. June 9-11. Thos. E. Perkinson. 
 
 Recommendation of the Auditing Committee approved and 
 adopted, "That the Bonds of the Confederate States be pre- 
 served." 
 
 Minute: Very encouraging report of the President — 'Re- 
 solved, ist That in view of these most encouraging facts we 
 regard it as something due to the President and Professors of 
 the College that we place upon record our grateful testimony 
 to the fidelity, zeal, and efficiency with which they have dis- 
 charged their duties. 
 
 Resolved, 2nd That notwithstanding the general impoverish- 
 ment of the people of our Commonwealth, and the necessity 
 which lies upon them to repair their shattered fortunes and 
 develop the material resources of the country, we hail it as a 
 happy omen of the future that parents still regard the education 
 of their sons as an interest of paramount importance, and that 
 a College conducted on the principles which distinguish Hamp- 
 den Sidney should continue to receive a steadily increasing 
 share of public patronage.' 1 
 
 '■ 'The number of students this year was 53; the average from 1868 to 
 1877 was a little over 80. In 1867 Randolph-Macon had 45 students, 
 Richmond 90, and Davidson (North Carolina) 27. The early eighties 
 marked the turning point for colleges in Virginia and North Carolina — 
 the early eighties marked the turning point for most Southern institu- 
 tions, industrial and educational. The Manufacturer's Record was estab- 
 lished in 1882, which is a very good date for reference. Washington and 
 Lee (not typical during General Lee's administration) had 96 students 
 
Moses D. Hoge. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 155 
 
 Students entering on scholarships must produce the scrip; 
 or if the Faculty is satisfied that the scrip has been lost, but 
 the scholarship has been paid for, the party must be referred to 
 the Treasurer for the renewal of his scrip. 
 
 Reports this day presented by members of the Faculty, in 
 relation to the Degree of Master of Arts, recommitted to the 
 Faculty with instructions to report in writing to the next annual 
 meeting some definite and distinct recommendations for adop- 
 tion by the Board. 
 
 Petition from sundry students, asking that the Chapel exer- 
 cises of each evening be dispensed with, was presented and re- 
 ferred to the Faculty. 
 
 Provision for salaries to be made by loan (parties making the 
 loan to be given an order on the State) should the State not pay 
 next July and January interest. 
 
 Matriculation fee of $5 to be charged. 
 
 1868. Nov. 3-4. F. N. Watkins. 
 
 The Revd. Richard Mcllwaine appointed General Agent to 
 solicit funds for the further endowment of the College, and 
 for the sale of scholarships, at a salary of $1500 per annum, 
 and travelling and incidental expenses; authorized to appoint 
 assistant agents on commission; to confer with committee. The 
 railroad authorities of the State to be requested to grant the 
 General Agent a free pass. 1 
 
 'The committee to whom was referred the "Act entitled an 
 Act to establish new scholarships," made a report, which was 
 considered, amended, and adopted.' — $100 and $500 scholar- 
 ships authorized ; conditions and guarantees. 
 
 A room in College to be suitably arranged as a lecture room, 
 and for meetings of the students. 
 
 Committee to investigate and report on the claims of assignees 
 
 in 1881, the University of Virginia 298 students in 1884, Randolph 
 Macon 108 students in 1884, Richmond 113 students in 1880, and David- 
 son 98 students in 1885. The mills of reconstruction were grinding small, 
 on the eve of a different character of operation. 
 
 At Hampden Sidney there was no preparatory department for twenty 
 years after the war. In 1873 the Prince Edward Academy was estab- 
 lished, running thirteen years and serving as a preparatory department, 
 'distinct from the College. The attendance at this excellent school 
 ranged from 20 to more than 40. 
 
 : *Dr. Mclwaine, of the class of 1853, President of the College 1883-1904, 
 was from the time of his first connection with the institution its very 
 active friend. Hampden Sidney College owes a great deal to Dr. Mc- 
 llwaine. The enumeration of his services, before and after his election 
 to the presidency, would fill page after page. 
 
156 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 of the twenty years' scholarships; Faculty instructed to resist 
 'any alleged claim to use any of said scholarships purporting to 
 have been derived by descent, without assignment/ 
 
 1869. June 8. A. G. Mcllwaine. 
 
 Report of Revd. R. Mcllwaine, General Agent. Committee 
 to confer with him, the Presbytery of West Hanover, and the 
 Church at Farmville, to procure if practicable a dissolution of 
 his pastoral relation. 
 
 Report of committee on assignable scholarships — Legal advice 
 of Profs. Minor and Southall and B. R. Welford, Esqr., that 
 Treasurer and Faculty should not yield claim in favor of as- 
 signees. Treasurer to appoint an agent to solicit from all the 
 remaining holders of assignable scholarships the relinquishment 
 to the College of their rights of assignment, leaving them in 
 possession of their rights of nomination. 
 
 From and after this date the sale of $ioo scholarships to be 
 discontinued, and the Financial Agent to solicit from holders of 
 the assignable second issue of scholarships the relinquishment 
 of said scholarships to the College. 
 
 Dr. Atkinson and Prof. Holladay to confer with representa- 
 tives of Union Seminary, to bring about simultaneous com- 
 mencement anniversaries for Seminary and College; same com- 
 mittee, with Dr. Dabney, to endeavor to effect uniform times of 
 sessions and vacations of Virginia seminaries of learning — 
 committee to attend the Education Association at Lexington. 
 
 The degree of A. M. to be conferred on Bachelors of Arts 
 of not less than two years standing, who shall furnish evidence 
 of having engaged in literary, scientific or professional study,, 
 together with a written thesis upon some subject connected with 
 such studies. 
 
 Professor Kemper, until otherwise ordered, appointed Mar- 
 shal for the College Commencements — with authority to adver- 
 tise the public exercises; to arrange, with the advice of the 
 Faculty, the order of exercises ; print and distribute programmes,, 
 and have a general supervision and control of the anniversaries. 
 
 Committee on the President's report 'regret to learn that there 
 has been the slightest diminution in the moral tone of the stu- 
 dents — Renew expressions of grateful confidence in the zeal, 
 fidelity, and efficiency of the President and Faculty of the 
 College/ 
 
 This Board appreciating the importance of the settlement of 
 a Christian colony such as is now located in Amelia County 
 appoint Rev. R. L. Dabney. D. D. a committee to open a cor- 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 157 
 
 respondence with such a colony with a view of inducing them to 
 locate near the College. 1 
 
 1870. Mar. 17. Thos. E. Perkinson. 
 
 Meeting called to consider the expediency of petitioning the 
 Legislature for a portion of the funds to be derived from sale of 
 the Congress lands — for the promotion of agricultural educa- 
 tion. 
 
 Memorial of the Trustees of Hampden Sidney College to the 
 General Assembly of Virginia [drawn by Dr. Dabney], viz. 
 
 Petition for one third of the grant of 300,000 acres; fund to 
 be used under the direction of the Legislature, for the instruc- 
 tion of youths from the tobacco and seaboard country. Pupils 
 to be nominated by the Legislature, to follow work in scientific 
 and practical agriculture; an experiment farm to be maintained. 
 Such students to have free access to all classes in the College, 
 and to occupy the buildings upon the same charges with other 
 students. 
 
 Petition presented on following grounds: 'That the great 
 section of the State we represent is peculiar in soil, climate, and 
 productions, and hence its citizens must be taught a different 
 system and principles of tillage adapted to it. That Hampden 
 Sidney is the only existing College in the Southside, embracing 
 one third of the territory and population of the State. That 
 the Southside has suffered peculiarly by the ravages of war, 
 the loss of property, the taxation of its great staple, and the 
 prostration of its agriculture. That the healthy climate at this 
 College, its position in the heart of the tobacco region, its good 
 order and and healthy moral tone, its long, useful, and patriotic 
 career point it out as eminently fitted to receive this trust, and 
 to administer it in the most beneficial manner.' 
 
 Memorial entrusted to the President of the College, with in- 
 structions to employ such agencies and means as he may think 
 expedient. 
 
 1870. June 14-16. D. Comfort. 
 
 Revd. Richard Mcllwaine of Farmville and Col. J. P. Fitz- 
 gerald of Prince Edward Court House elected Trustees. 
 
 ; x The impression has been that Dr. Dabney was not at all encouraged 
 in this enterprise, [cf. Life and Letters, p. 433]. This Minute, as far 
 as it goes, is evidence to the contrary. The question was, and is, an 
 important one, and throughout a wide extent of territory. It has been 
 *a natural law in our country that what is called the 'old stock,' for 
 •whatever reason, wears out or is dissipated. Individualism is no check 
 to such tendencies, and until we get a council of wise men (a Salomon's 
 •House) to consider such matters, we shall always have more trouble 
 than is good for us. A definition of democracy might be, that form of 
 government which furthers continual, often disagreeable, change with a 
 ■very laudable ultimate purpose. 
 
158 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 Curator to pay Dr. Atkinson and Judge Watkins expenses 
 incurred in prosecuting our claim for a portion of the Land 
 Fund donated to Virginia by Congress. 
 
 Fee for matriculation to be $10. 
 
 Authorized sale of $100 scholarships, conveying privileges until 
 June, 1875. 
 
 Col. J. P. Fitzgerald, Richard Mcllwaine, and L. L. Holladay, 
 committee to solicit the attendance of the Alumni at the next 
 annual Commencement for the purpose of organizing a Society 
 and the inauguration of measures conducive to the prosperity of 
 the institution. 
 
 Committee to make necessary and proper arrangements for an 
 Alumni dinner or supper. 
 
 For the ensuing year $200 to be added if possible to the 
 salary of the President and each of the Professors. 
 
 'Sale of perpetual scholarships to be urged forward, and 
 special attention to be given to introducing them into our abler 
 churches, as the best means at present accessible to us of add- 
 ing to our permanent fund.' 1 
 
 1871. June 13-15. D. Comfort. 
 
 Resolved, That while the Board of Trustees cannot approve 
 Tournaments as an exercise peculiarly suited to young gentle- 
 men of literary tastes and habits, they make no objection to the 
 entertainment proposed by the young men on tomorrow after- 
 noon, as they are persuaded that the preparations therefor have 
 been made under a misapprehension of the views of the 
 Trustees. 2 
 
 ' Regarding the plans for endowment broached at this time Abram 
 Venable ('57) wrote — This noble and venerable institution of learning 
 has ever held a high position in the esteem and affection of the people. 
 Patrick Henry, as one of her earliest friends and first trustees, pro- 
 cured the liberal and powerful charter she now holds, and stood by her 
 while he lived. For well-nigh a century she has educated and trained 
 and turned out many of the very best men of the State, and her sons 
 have filled every seat of honor and occupied every post of distinction 
 or usefulness known to this country. Nor does it appear that her alumni 
 are solely interested in this matter. The people of all Southside Vir- 
 ginia are peculiarly interested. In all our section — the largest and most 
 populous of the State — there is but one College and that is Hampden 
 Sidney.' New Commonwealth (Farmville), Aug. 25, 1870. 
 
 2 This tournament, the only one on record during the century, was held 
 on Wednesday afternoon of the Commencement 'in a field east of the 
 College/ There were fifteen knights. The Knight of Buckingham, 
 Alexander Hall ('72), crowned the queen. The Alumni Banquet was on 
 'Thursday, from 5 to 9 o'clock. Fourteen toasts were responded to; the 
 galleries (of the old chapel) were assigned the ladies who came to hear. 
 At the end, the company rose, joined hands around the table and sang 
 Auld Lang Syne. The commencement surpassed any in interest we have 
 ever attended. — New Commonwealth, June 22, 1871. 
 
J. M. P. Atkinson. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-^SIDNEY. 159 
 
 Salaries from ist January, 1871 — President $1700. Each 
 Professor $1200. 
 
 Code of Laws approved: Faculty authorized to have printed 
 500 copies of the Charter and By-Laws, and to prefix a brief 
 note of the History of the College. 
 
 'On motion, Resolved, That the resolution of the Synod of 
 Virginia of Oct., 1870, in relation to the expediency of mutual 
 and combined instruction to be given by the Professors of Hamp- 
 den Sidney College and Union T. Seminary be referred to the 
 Faculty of H. S. College with instructions to confer with the 
 Faculty of U. T. Seminary, and digest and report any plan of 
 instruction suggested by the Synod, if deemed expedient; this 
 Board add the assurance of their hope that such an arrangement 
 can be consummated at an early period, with common benefit 
 to both institutions.' 1 
 
 1871. July 27. D. Comfort. 
 
 The Secretary directed to return to Mr. A. G. Mcllwaine 
 the thanks of the Board for the release of the obligation of the 
 Board for the sum of $253, the price paid by him in 1858 to Dr. 
 J. M. P. Atkinson for 11^ acres of land, now held by the 
 College, and for many other favors received from him. 
 
 Resolved, that the Honl. Hugh Blair Grigsby be requested to 
 deliver, during the next commencement, or at any time he may 
 designate, a discourse on the lives, characters, and services of 
 the founders and earlier Trustees of Hampden Sidney College, 
 and in case of his complying with this request, the Secretary 
 be directed to give him access to the records of the College. 2 
 
 ■■H Feb. 21. T. T. Tredway. 
 
 Report of committee on instruction in Modern Languages — 
 this course for the present must be outside the established cur- 
 riculum; the Professor of Latin to be Professor of German, 
 and the Professor of Greek, of French; a two year course in 
 each ; certificate of proficiency to be given those persons whether 
 matriculates or not who attend either or both schools, and stand 
 
 J Out of considerations of this general matter (e. g., how much geology- 
 should theological students know, and whether they should be taught 
 geology in theological seminaries) grew the celebrated controversy be- 
 tween Dr. Dabney and Dr. Woodrow, of South Carolina [See Life 
 of Dabney, p. 342, ff]. About this time appeared Dr. Temple's 'Essays 
 and Reviews,' so harmless a book now. 
 
 2 Mr. Grigsby, at this time President of the Virginia Historical Society 
 and Chancellor of William and Mary, was living in Charlotte County, 
 a few miles from Hampden Sidney. He had been prepared for Yale 
 College, before 1815, at the Rev. Drury Lacy's 'Ararat' school, very ne^r 
 Hampden Sidney. 
 
160 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 such examinations as are required of candidates for the degree 
 of B. A. ; tuition fee in each school to be $20 per scholastic year, 
 until otherwise ordered. 
 
 1872. June 11-13. D. Comfort. 
 
 Mr. Addison Hoge elected Professor of Greek. 1 
 
 Resolution that tuition fee be $75 instead of $50 referred to 
 the special Finance Committee. 
 
 The Board returns grateful acknowledgments to Prof. Martin 
 for a gift of land. 
 
 Thanks of the Board returned to Messrs. Stiles and Gilliam, 
 and Judge Watkins, for zealous and efficient exertions in behalf 
 of the claims of Hampden Sidney College to a portion of the 
 Congressional land fund. 
 
 Curator to pay any fees due by the College to Messrs. Thos. 
 S. Bocock, Kirkpatrick, and Blackford for their services in the 
 case Dickinson vs. H. S. College; 2 thanks of the Trustees re- 
 turned to the above named gentlemen for the zeal and ability 
 with which they advocated the cause of the College. Thanks 
 also to Messrs Irving and McKinney, Henry, and Watkins for 
 similar services performed gratuitously at the trial of the same 
 cause in the Court of Prince Edward. 
 
 In the opinion of the Board it is important that the cause of 
 the College, its needs, its merits, and its claims, be made known 
 as far as possible to the Presbyterian Church South. President 
 Atkinson requested to attend the meetings of Synods and Pres- 
 byteries whenever possible without neglecting other duties ; ex- 
 penses necessarily incurred to be a charge upon the College 
 Treasury. 
 
 Tuition to be $60, to take effect in the session of 1873-74. -, 
 
 1873. Jan. 14. D. Comfort. 
 
 Correspondence recorded, with regard, to the transfer by 
 Major Joseph Cloyd, of Dublin, Pulaski Co., to the Trustees of 
 Hampden Sidney College of the residue of his subscription to 
 
 * 1 Professor Addison Hogue (i$72-i886), now Corcoran Professor of 
 Greek at Washington and Lee University, was a graduate of the College, 
 class of 1869; University of Virginia, 1869-72; on leave of absence in 
 Europe 1883-1885; Professor of Greek and Latin, University of Mis- 
 sissippi, 1886-93; since 1893, Professor at Washington and Lee Univer- 
 sity; author of Irregular Verbs of Attic Prose. 
 
 2 This case came on in Prince Edward County Circuit Court, of which 
 Mr. Dickinson (a Trustee of the College) was Judge. The suit was brought 
 for James M. Booker, and the Judge not feeling at liberty to sit, the 
 case was transferred, March, 1871, to the Circuit Court of the City 
 of Lynchburg. The papers are on file at Lynchburg. 
 
 Thomas S. Bocock, a graduate of the College, 1838, had been Speaker 
 of the Confederate Congress*. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 161 
 
 the Theological Seminary (now defunct) of the United Synod 
 of the Presbyterian Church. Thanks of the Board due and 
 tendered to Major Joseph Cloyd for his generous contribution, 
 and also to the Revd. T. W. Hooper for his zeal and fidelity to 
 the College in securing this donation of funds. 
 
 The Treasurer, with Major C. S. Carrington and F. N. 
 Watkins a committee of the Board to represent the College, 
 if they shall deem it wise, in the February conference of the 
 State and its creditors. 
 
 The Revd. J. D. Mitchell appointed General Agent of the 
 College, with a salary of $1500 and travelling expenses. 1 
 
 The Revd. H. M. White and the Revd. E. H. Barnett requested 
 to act as agents within the bounds of Abingdon Presbytery, at 
 five per cent, commissions and travelling expenses. 
 
 1873. June 10-12. A. G. Mcllwaine. 
 
 Messrs. Moth, Dalby, and Bigelow of Farmville thanked for 
 their generous and gratuitous publication of the prospectus of 
 Hampden Sidney in a publication to be circulated in America and 
 Europe. 2 
 
 Suggestion of Executive Committee approved, for calling a 
 convention of the Elders and Deacons and other friends of the 
 College. 
 
 The Curator directed to insure the College. The committee 
 to whom was referred that part of the President's report, which 
 refers to an additional endowment (of $200,000) to the College, 
 made a report which was read and adopted. 
 
 On motion, Dr. J. M. P. Atkinson, A. G. Mcllwaine, Chas. 
 S. Carrington, S. W. Venable, M. L. Lacy, P. B. Price, D. B. 
 Ewing, and G. W. Finley (3 members to constitute a quorum) 
 were appointed a committee on the endowment fund of $200,000. 
 
 1 The Rev. Jacob Duche Mitchell, D. D., born in Philadelphia, 1806; a 
 graduate of Princeton and of Princeton Seminary; a minister in Bedford 
 County, Va., for many years, and pastor of the Second Presbyterian 
 Church, Lynchburg, 1852-69; died at Alexandria, Va., 1877. 
 
 2 Alfred Moth, who later returned to England, was the Cashier of the 
 English-American Bank established about this time at Farmville. Messrs. 
 Dalby and Bigelow were a firm of real estate agents, whose business lay 
 particularly in bringing in settlers from the British Isles. A great many 
 settlers, very desirable citizens, were brought in, taking up lands in 
 Southside Virginia and throughout the State. It was the first of 
 such movements after the war. Unfortunately not a great number 
 of these settlers stayed in the country south of James River. A detailed 
 account of this movement would form matter of great interest. See 
 Univ. of Va., Alumni Bulletin, IV, 69 — The Second Coming of the 
 English to Virginia.' 
 
162 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 1874. June 9-11. D. Comfort. 
 
 The President made his annual report which was received 
 and referred to a committee, and that portion of the report 
 referring to a connexion with the Synod of Virginia was re- 
 ferred to a committee consisting of M. D. Hoge, F. N. Watkins,, 
 and W. W. Henry. 
 
 All agents authorized to receive Virginia bonds in payment 
 of subscriptions at their par value. 
 
 The committee on that portion of President Atkinson's report 
 referring to a connexion with the Synod of Va., made a report 
 through their chairman, Dr. M. D. Hoge, as follows — 
 
 The Trustees of Hampden Sidney College have been greatly- 
 gratified to learn that such a cordial interest was expressed in. 
 the welfare of their institution by the Synod of Virginia at its 
 last meeting. Appreciating as we do, all the aid, material and 
 moral, which that venerable Court can give to the College, we 
 accept with gratitude the assurance of its readiness not only 
 to continue its favor but to enter upon such new relations as 
 may be consistent with the Constitution of the Church and with 
 the interests of the College. 
 
 This Board would readily consent to the specific proposition, 
 to give to the Synod of Virginia a veto power in the election of 
 Trustees, were our individual feelings of confidence in the Synod 
 and our grateful regard for its kind intentions towards the 
 College alone to be considered. But in view of the fact that 
 many members of the Synod itself were doubtful as to the 
 propriety of assuming any ecclesiastical control of the College, 
 and of the additional fact that not only would the consent of 
 the Legislature of Virginia be required to give sanction to such 
 an arrangement, but that any proposition of the kind would be- 
 certainly met with earnest opposition in that body, the Board" 
 deems it inexpedient at present to encounter the risk of the 
 rejection of such a measure by the Legislature of the State. 
 Now, we hold our Charter by a secure tenure, but any change 
 in its terms and conditions might render it liable to repeal or 
 amendment at any future time, inasmuch as by a general statute 
 in force since 1869, all acts of incorporation such as the one 
 suggested to the Synod of Virginia are liable to be amended, 
 altered, or rejected at the will of the Legislature, and if the 
 College were to refuse to accept such amendment thereafter, it 
 would be liable to forfeit its Charter; and we therefore deem it 
 wisest to seek no changes which might expose us to such a 
 hazard. Moreover, if what the honored Synod of Virginia 
 desired, is some guarantee of the true Presbyterian character of 
 the College, this Board is ready to give pledges, which its Con- 
 stitution will permit, and to the utmost limit of that permission.. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 163 
 
 We do not believe that any education is healthful which is not 
 Christian, that any education is likely to be Christian which is not 
 denominational, and while our College is not sectarian, we do 
 most heartily and unequivocally aver and announce that Hamp- 
 den Sidney College is denominationally Presbyterian in its tradi- 
 tions, in its associations, in its present organization, and that it 
 is the fixed purpose of its Board of Trustees, by the exertion of 
 every legitimate influence, to maintain the distinctively Presby- 
 terian character in all future time. 
 
 We take advantage of this opportunity to express to the 
 venerable Synod of Virginia our heartfelt gratitude for its in- 
 terest in our College, an interest manifested in so many ways 
 and now measured by nearly a century of years, and at the same 
 time with just pride to express the conviction that our College 
 is, because of its past services to the Church, because of its 
 present admirable organization, high standard of scholarship, 
 and the healthful Christian influence which pervades it, an insti- 
 tution every way worthy of the benefits which the powerful 
 patronage of the Synod can confer on it. 
 
 On motion, Resolved, That the Clerk furnish Revd. M. D. 
 Hoge, D. D., with a certified copy of this Minute, and that Dr. 
 Hoge communicate the same to the Synod of Virginia and to 
 the public in such terms and manner as to him may seem 
 expedient. 1 
 
 a It is pertinent to assemble a few opinions on this subject. 
 
 1. Dr. Thornwell [at that time President of the College of South 
 Carolina], 1853: 
 
 A College knows nothing of denominations, except as a feature in the 
 history of the human race; but it does not follow that a College must 
 be necessarily atheistic or unchristian. What is wanted is the pervading 
 influence of religion as a life. * * * Apart from the principle in- 
 volved, I have other objections to sectarian education. I say sectarian 
 education ; for the Church, as catholic and one, in the present condition 
 of things, is not visible and corporate. What she does, can only be 
 done through the agency of one or more of the various fragments into 
 which she has been suffered to split. In the first place, it is evident, 
 from the feebleness of the sects, that these colleges cannot be very 
 largely endowed. In the next place, they are -likely to be numer- 
 ous. From these causes will result a strenuous competition for 
 patronage; and from this, two effects may be expected to follow: 
 first, the depression of the general standard of education, so as 
 to allure students to their halls; and next, the preference of what is 
 ostentatious and attractive in education, to what is solid and substantial. 
 
 * * * I think, too, that the tendency of sectarian Colleges, to per- 
 petuate the strife of sects, to fix whatever is heterogeneous in the ele- 
 ments of national character, and to alienate the citizens from each other, 
 is a consideration not to be overlooked. 
 
 [Life of Thornwell, Richmond, 1875. pp. 335, 337] 
 
 Asked to lend his assistance to a plan for founding a Presbyterian 
 
164 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 Mr. Hugh Blair Grigsby was invited to sit with the Board and 
 confer with them on the subject of the Centenary celebration 
 next year. 
 
 Resolved, that M. D. Hoge, D. D., Chas. S. Carrington, W. 
 W. Henry, and Pres't J. M. P. Atkinson be constituted an 
 Executive Committee on endowment and agencies, with authority 
 to appoint a secretary if necessary, two of whom shall constitute 
 a quorum. 
 
 The following special agents were also appointed, viz. — 
 Revd. D. B. Ewing, Abingdon and Montgomery Presbyteries 
 " P. B. Price, Lexington and Winchester " 
 
 " J. C. Brown and M. L. Lacy, Greenbrier " 
 
 T. T. Tredway, Esqr., Roanoke and West Hanover " 
 
 J. R. Wilson, South of Virginia " 
 
 Revd. B. M. Smith, New York 
 
 " J. D. Mitchell, Pennsylvania. 
 With Salaries of 10 per cent on all collections. 
 
 University for the Confederate States [1861], 'Dr. Thornwell replied, 
 that he would do so cordially, provided it were not made a Church insti- 
 tution, organized and controlled by the Church, through her courts. He 
 thought a University might be created by the Presbyterian people of the 
 land, which should be penetrated by their influence and piety, without 
 contravening the principle, for which he had always contended, that 
 the Church, as such, should not embark in the business of general 
 education.' 
 
 [Ibid., p. 328.] 
 
 2. Dr. William H. Ruffner, 1893: 
 
 : A college backed by the State or backed by the Church, has certain 
 advantages peculiar to itself, but the college that is thrown upon its 
 own merits, and moves on an independent and elevated plane, has some 
 advantages possessed by no other, and if it strikes the right key may 
 surpass all others. 
 
 {.Washington and Lee Historical Papers, No. 4, p. 41.] 
 
 3. Dr. Pritchett, President of the Carnegie Foundation for the Advance- 
 ment of Teaching, 1908: 
 
 No denomination can in the future expect to control a College and 
 at the same time call on the public to support it. * * * It is no part 
 of Christian education to hold control of a college and leave it to starve. 
 No gain in college support can compensate for a loss in college integrity. 
 
 * * * Nor ought this question in my judgment, whether settled in 
 the one way or the other, to disturb the friendly relations between a 
 denomination and a college which has grown up under its nurture and 
 been inspired by its spirit. 
 
 [Relations of Christian Denominations to Colleges, p. 17, etc.] 
 
 4. Cyclopaedia of Education [Macmillan], Vol. II, 191 1 : 
 
 The undenominational small college has a place so secure and so 
 important that all the tendencies to-day in large colleges and in pro- 
 fessional schools are seeming only to strengthen it against its real and 
 supposed dangers. 
 
 [cf. Nation, vol. 93, p. 608 — Dec. 21, 1911.] 
 
 See also, Maclean, History of the College of New Jersey, II, 13-21 ; 
 330-335. 
 
W. W. Henry. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 165 
 
 Appointment of Revd. J. D. Mitchell as General Agent re- 
 voked; his salary of $1500 to be paid from his own future col- 
 lections. 
 
 Committee appointed by the Elders and Deacons Convention 
 recognised by the Board and invited to co-operate with the 
 Executive Committee on endowment and agencies located in 
 Richmond. 
 
 Agents to sell perpetual scholarships. Committee to mature a 
 plan of scholarships for the endowment of the College and to 
 report the condition of scholarships already sold. 
 
 Faculty authorized to allow organization of mess clubs among 
 the students, in such basement rooms as are not otherwise occu- 
 pied. 
 
 1875. Apr. 14. D. Comfort. 
 
 Rlesolved, 1st That hereafter the foundation of the institution 
 shall be dated from the year 1776, when it was first opened for 
 students, rather than from 1775, when the appointment of the 
 first trustees and teachers took place. 
 
 Resolved 2nd, That the Centennial of the College shall be 
 celebrated in June 1876. 
 
 1875. June 7-10. D. Comfort. 
 
 A report of the Superintendent of the Mess was presented 
 and ordered to be filed. 
 
 Prof. L. L. Holladay and F. N. Watkins a Committee to cause 
 a Catalogue of the Alumni and former students, Trustees, 
 Faculty &c &c to be prepared and published, with such brief 
 notices as to them may seem proper, and that the Committee be 
 authorised to employ assistance of clerks and others, and that 
 the Treasurer pay the costs. 
 
 The reports of the Professors approved, and their diligence 
 commended. 
 
 Sections 6. 7. 8. and 9 of the Act for Establishing Scholar- 
 ships of Nov. 4. 1868 [rescinded June 1869] amended and re- 
 enacted regarding perpetual scholarships. 
 
 Committee, under the advice of counsel, to cause some public 
 record to be made of the Trust Fund created by the Ordinance 
 of the Trustees for the establishment of scholarships, so that 
 the fund may not be subject to debts or liabilities of the corpora- 
 tion, securing its future appropriation solely to the ends for 
 which the Trust is created. If this cannot be done by existing 
 law, the committee to secure if practicable the necessary legisla- 
 tion. 
 
i66 CALENDAR) OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 1875. July 5. F. N. Watkins. 
 
 Amendment of the Act of June 9, 1875, establishing scholar- 
 ships: conditions of perpetual scholarships. 
 
 Treasurer authorized to recall certificates of perpetual scholar- 
 ships already issued (by the consent of the holders) and issue 
 new certificates under the Act of this day — Act providing that 
 such scholarships may descend, be bequeathed, or be assigned. 
 
 Thanks of the Board tendered to Mr. John L. Weeks of Bal- 
 timore for his donation to the College. 
 
 1875. Nov. 18. F. D. Irving. 
 
 A letter read from Burwell B. Wilkes, Esqr., of Brunswick 
 Co., enclosing a letter from Revd. T. P. Hunt, D. D., proposing 
 a donation to Hampden Sidney College of $500. The President 
 of the College directed to return the thanks of the College to 
 Revd. T. P. Hunt for his generous donation. 1 
 
 Permission to be asked to use the buildings of the Union 
 Theological Seminary for guests at the next annual Commence- 
 ment. 
 
 This meeting having been informed that a large number of 
 the Trustees concur in the opinion that it is expedient to appoint 
 President Atkinson a General Agent of the College in the effort 
 to increase its endowment, Resolved, that President Atkinson 
 be appointed a General Agent, with authority to appoint sub- 
 agents, who are to settle with and be compensated by him. The 
 President authorized to make all proper arrangements for in- 
 struction in his department during his absence, said instructors 
 to be compensated out of the percentages and allowances here- 
 inafter granted to him as General Agent. The compensation of 
 the General Agent to be: Ten per cent on the amount of all 
 subscriptions, payable on collection, and $20 on each perpetual 
 scholarship sold; salary as President allowed during agency. 
 
 1876. June 12-15. Mr. Comfort. R. C. Anderson. 
 
 A. G. Mcllwaine, Esqr., by letter resigned the office of Trustee 
 which was reluctantly accepted — 'We return him our heartfelt 
 
 J Mr. Hunt's Reminiscences (Wilkes-Barre, Pa., 1901) show in many- 
 passages his affectionate regard for the scenes of his youth — he was a 
 step-son of Dr. Moses Hoge. His life, spent largely as a temperance 
 lecturer, was a very busy one. For some time during the war he was 
 chaplain to the 2nd Pennsylvania Heavy Artillery, being mustered out 
 at Petersburg, not very far from his early home in Prince Edward. 
 When Lafayette College was engaged in the scholarships scheme, Mr. 
 Hunt was one of the agents — "it was the hardest work I was ever 
 engaged in," he said. There is a portrait of him at the Presbyterian 
 Historical Society in Philadelphia. He was a genuine reformer. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 167 
 
 thanks for his genial society, his wise and prudent counsel, his 
 regular annual attendance, his untiring devotion, and his gen- 
 erous liberality to our beloved institution.' 
 
 The committee appointed to consider the reports of the Presi- 
 dent and the Chairman of the Faculty pro tern, have maturely 
 considered these papers. These reports set forth the fact that 
 in the main the students have shewn themselves well disposed, 
 and that as a body they will compare favorably with any other 
 like collection of youths in the country, but there has been some 
 dissipation among them and a few cases of folly inexcusable. 
 
 Committee to take into consideration and digest a plan for the 
 introduction into the curriculum of the College of a course in 
 English, including the Bible as one of the text books ; to report 
 at the next annual meeting of the Board. 1 
 
 Curator to re-lease the College Hotel [late Steward's Hall] 
 upon the same terms as this year. 
 
 For the next year the rent of rooms used for messing purposes 
 to be remitted. 
 
 A house for Professor Blair to be purchased or erected. 
 
 Archives of H. S. College bearing date 1777: 1778: 1785 were 
 presented by N. F. Cabell, Esqr., of Nelson County, Va and the 
 thanks of the Board returned to Mr. Cabell for the same. 
 
 Revd. T. W. Hooper appointed to prepare and record in a 
 suitable book a History of this Commencement. 
 
 Resolved, that the President of the College be requested* to 
 take steps to get for the College an autograph letter and a por- 
 trait of each of the Presidents of the College, from its founda- 
 tion, and any relics of said Presidents which may be of interest. 
 
 Resolved, that the Revd. R. L. Dabney, D. D. be requested to 
 "furnish a copy of the sermon preached on last Sabbath ; and that 
 the Honl. Hugh Blair Grigsby, the Revd. W. U. Murkland, D. D., 
 the Revd. M. D. Hoge, D. D., and the Honl. J. W. Stevenson 
 be requested to furnish each a copy of his address delivered 
 
 President Smith's advertisement of 1775 contains the statement: 
 ""The system of education will resemble that which is adopted in the 
 College of New Jersey, save that a more particular attention shall be 
 paid to the cultivation of the English language than is usually done in 
 places of public education." During the hundred years, what with formal 
 instruction, dissertations, compositions, orations and the work of the 
 literary societies, the English language had not been neglected, and of 
 this there is abundant proof. In the catalogues after 1876 English 
 is mentioned specifically for the first time in 1881 — "the studies in 
 English are for the present conducted by Professors Atkinson, Kemper 
 and Holladay," five hours a week. The next year (1882) Professor 
 Currell (a graduate of Washington and Lee and now Professor there), 
 began work in the department of English. 
 
i68 
 
 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 upon this occasion, 1 for publication in a Centennial volume, and 
 that Richard Mcllwaine, D. D., J. L. Weeks, A. W. Pitzer, and 
 W. U. Murkland, D. D., be appointed a committee to make ar- 
 rangements for its publication. 
 
 The Trustees, after a full consideration of the question of the 
 wisest agency to complete the endowment of the College, feel 
 that the best interests of the institution demand that Dr. Atkin- 
 son should continue as General Agent until it shall seem expe- 
 dient to resume the duties of his Professorship and the Presi- 
 dency, not limiting the result of his agency to securing the sum 
 of $50,000, the terms of compensation for his services to be those 
 presented by the action of the Board in November 1875. 
 
 The committee on the Treasurer's Report made a report which 
 was received, approved, and ordered to be recorded at length : — 
 
 It appears from the report of the Treasurer that the assets of 
 the College, upon which we can rely for an annual income are 
 as follows: 
 
 First old registered Va. bonds, 
 
 bearing 6 pr. cent 
 Virginia Consols. 
 Missouri Coupon bond 
 S. S. Rail Road bonds 
 Farmville Insurance Stock 
 John H. Flood's bonds 
 Planters' Bank certificates, 
 
 bearing 6 pr. cent. 
 Planters' Bank certificates, 
 
 bearing 5% 
 Regd. Bond 3917 
 
 Showing total amount 
 
 Amount 
 
 Income 
 
 $70,550.00 
 
 ir,300.oo 
 
 1,000.00 
 
 600.00 
 
 $4,233.00 
 
 550.00 
 
 60.00 
 
 35.oo 
 
 100.00 
 
 6.00 
 
 400.00 
 
 24.00 
 
 2,267.02 
 
 136.02 
 
 3,531-94 
 3-33 
 
 175-39 
 .19 
 
 $89,192.29 
 
 $5,219.60 
 
 Besides the above, the Treasurer holds certificates No. 6339 
 and 3729 amounting to $7,151.67, which is contingent upon set- 
 tlement of public debt between West Va. and Va. and the mar- 
 ket value of which is about $570. Besides he holds two certifi- 
 cates as of past due interest from the State of Virginia for $103 
 each, making $206, the market value for which is $ also 
 
 *Mr. Grigsby's Address has not yet been published. This was the last 
 of his important papers, and the only one unpublished. A very good 
 summary of Mr. Stevenson's Address is to be found in the manuscript 
 history of this Commencement. Mr. Stevenson (the son of Andrew- 
 Stevenson, minister to England) was a student at the College 1827-29; 
 at this time he was a member of the Senate, from Kentucky. Dr. Murk- 
 land (class of 1862) was later a member of the Board of Trustees. 
 
RlCHAKD MclLWAINE. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 169 
 
 two certificates of perpetual scholarships in La Payette College, 
 Pa., valued at $1000. 
 
 The report of the General Agent shows a subscription on 
 the part of the friends of the College, in Virginia Consols, other 
 securities, and cash, amounting to $41,31 5. 56 1 as follows— 
 
 Subscription in Va. Consols $19,070.00 
 
 To be paid at various times in cash 20,645.56 
 
 In doubtful bonds 1,600.00 
 
 The fidelity and energy of President Atkinson in the discharge 
 of this important duty calls for an expression of our apprecia- 
 tion of his faithfulness, efficiency, and zeal on behalf of the insti- 
 tution over which he presides. Your committee [A. D. Dickin- 
 son, J. P. Fitzgerald, H. S. Reynolds] recommend that Presi- 
 dent Atkinson be requested to go forward in the prosecution of 
 the work which we hope he has but just begun. 
 
 Treasurer to pay $30 to the Committee of Arrangements for 
 music; Curator to pay annually, out of any funds not other- 
 wise appropriated, the sum of $50 to aid in providing music for 
 the Commencement exercises. 
 
 1 Amount raised within seven months. See History of the Centennial 
 Commencement [Manuscript] by Dr. Hooper, p. 6. 
 
TRUSTEES: 1775-1876. 
 
 [If there has been neglect in preserving records of the 
 Trustees as individuals, it is traceable to themselves alone. How- 
 ever, meagre as the records are, in one item (that of their inter- 
 relationships) more has been worked out regarding the Trustees 
 of Hampden Sidney than perhaps for any other similar body of 
 men in this country. In four articles in the Virginia Magazine 
 of History and Biography (vol. VI, 1898-1899) the late Pro- 
 fessor Henneman has put together the results of a very close in- 
 vestigation to show the genealogy of the members of this Board 
 of Trustees, how intimately related these men have been, and 
 particularly during the period ending with 1876. 
 
 The total number of Trustees appointed before 1876 was one 
 hundred and fifty six. Of these certainly one hundred were 
 alumni of some college : ninety two are known to have been, ap- 
 portioned as follows — 
 
 Hampden Sidney 49 
 
 Princeton 17 
 
 Washington and Lee 9 
 
 Yale 3 
 
 University of Virginia 3 
 
 William and Mary 2 
 
 Centre 2 
 
 Union, Dartmouth, Jefferson, Amherst, South 
 Hanover, University of North Carolina, 
 Marion 1 each.] 
 
 1775-1779. SAMUEL STANHOPE SMITH 
 
 PRESIDENT OF THE ACADEMY. 
 
 Princeton, 1769; President of the College of 
 New Jersey, 1 795-1812. 
 
 1775. SAMUEL LEAKE 
 
 Princeton, 1764; Presbyterian minister, Albe- 
 marle County; d. Dec. 2, 1775. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 171 
 
 1775-1782. CALEB WALLACE 
 
 Princeton, 1770; Presbyterian minister, Char- 
 lotte County; Judge, Court of Appeals, Ken- 
 tucky. 
 
 [Cf. Life and Times of Judge Caleb Wallace. 
 By William H. Whitsitt. Louisville. 1888. 
 Filson Club Publications No. 4] 
 
 1775 . JOHN TABB 
 
 Member, House of Burgesses, Amelia County; 
 Member, Convention of 1776; died c. 1798. 1 
 
 1779-1791. JOHN BLAIR SMITH 
 
 PRESIDENT OF THE ACADEMY AND 
 OF THE COLLEGE. 
 
 Princeton, 1773; President of Union College, 
 New York, 1795- 1799. 
 
 1775-1799. PATRICK HENRY 
 
 Governor of Virginia, &c. &c. 
 
 1775-1798. WILLIAM CABELL 
 
 Member, House of Burgesses, Amherst County; 
 
 Member, Convention of 1776 &c. 
 [Cf. The Cab ells and their Kin. By Alexander 
 
 Brown. Boston. 1895. pp. 75-130] 
 
 1775-1818. PAUL CARRINGTON 
 
 Member, House of Burgesses, Charlotte County ; 
 
 Member, Convention of 1776; Judge of the 
 
 General Court &c. 
 [Cf. Discourse on the Virginia Convention of 
 
 1776. By Hugh Blair Grigsby. Richmond. 
 
 1855. PP. 97-io5] 
 
 1783-1805. ROBERT LAWSON 
 
 Colonel, Fourth Virginia, Continental line; 
 Brigadier General, Virginia line; Member, 
 Convention of 1788; Council of State. 
 
 lr These four were Trustees before the Charter. Apparently John Tabb 
 resigned. There is no record of his resignation, but he was not continued 
 as a Charter Trustee. 
 
172 CALENDAR' OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 1775-1820. JAMES MADISON 
 
 President of the United States. Princeton, 1771. 
 
 1775-1802. JOHN NASH 
 
 Member, House of Burgesses, Prince Edward 
 
 County. 
 
 1775-1804. NATHANIEL VENABLE 
 
 Member, House of Burgesses, Prince Edward 
 County. 
 
 1783-1802. EVERARD MEADE 
 
 Harrow School ; Major, Staff of Gen. Benjamin 
 Lincoln; Member of the Senate (Virginia), 
 Amelia County. 
 
 1783-1807. JOEL WATKINS 
 
 Charlotte County; Colonel, Charlotte Militia, 
 1780. 
 
 1775-1795. JAMES VENABLE 
 
 Prince Edward County; removed to Kentucky. 
 
 1775-1815. FRANCIS WATKINS 
 
 Deputy Clerk and Clerk, Prince Edward County 
 Court, 1767-1825. 
 
 1775-1796. JOHN MORTON 
 
 Captain, Fourth Virginia, Continental line. 
 [Cf. Virginia Magazine of History, XVIL 
 305 f .] 
 
 1782-1812, WILLIAM MORTON 
 
 Charlotte County; Captain, Charlotte militia, 
 1780-81. 
 
 1775-1817. THOMAS READ 
 
 Clerk, Charlotte County Court; Member, Con- 
 vention of 1776. 
 
 [Cf. Discourse on the Virginia Convention of 
 1776. By Hugh Blair Grigsby, pp. 105-109] 
 
 1782-1784. WILLIAM BOOKER 
 
 Prince Edward County ; Member, Convention of 
 1776. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 173 
 
 1782-1805. THOMAS SCOTT 
 
 Member, House of Burgesses, Prince Edward 
 County. 
 
 1782-1793. JAMES ALLEN 
 
 Prince Edward County. 
 
 1782-1816. CHARLES ALLEN 
 
 Prince Edward County; Treasurer of the Col- 
 lege. 
 
 1782-1821. SAMUEL WOODSON VENABLE 
 
 Princeton, 1780; War of the Revolution; mer- 
 chant, Prince Edward County. 
 
 1782-1795. JOSEPH PARKS 
 
 Prince Edward County; apparently removed to 
 Georgia. 
 
 1783-1810. RICHARD FOSTER 
 
 Prince Edward County; d. 1818. 
 
 1775-1786. PETER JOHNSTON 
 
 b. Edinburgh, Scotland; member, House of 
 Burgesses, Prince Edward County; donor of 
 the first College land. 
 
 1775-1789. RICHARD SANKEY 
 
 b. in the North of Ireland; Presbyterian minis- 
 ter, Buffalo Church, Prince Edward County. 
 [Cf. Magazine, XVII] 
 
 1775-1793. JOHN TODD 
 
 Princeton, 1749; Presbyterian minister, Louisa 
 
 County. 
 [Cf. Magazine, XVII] 
 
 1775-1783. DAVID RICE 
 
 Princeton, 1761 ; Presbyterian minister; removed 
 
 to Kentucky. 
 [Cf. History of Higher Education in Kentucky. 
 
 Bulletin, Bureau of Education, pp. 38, 39, 46, 
 
 47-] 
 
174 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 1775-1795. ARCHIBALD McROBERT 
 
 b. in Scotland ; minister, Dale Parish, Chesterfield 
 County, and St. Patrick's Parish, Prince Ed- 
 ward County; Independent minister, 1779- 
 1787; Presbyterian minister, 1787-1807. 1 
 
 1784 . RICHARD BIBB 
 
 Prince Edward County. 
 
 1784 . I WILLIAM COWAN 
 
 1790 . ) Lunenburg County. 
 
 c. 1789-1792. JOHN FONTAINE 
 
 Prince Edward County. 
 
 c. 1790-1792. JOSEPH MOORE 
 
 Prince Edward County. 
 
 1790-1811. ABRAHAM B. VENABLE 
 
 Princeton, 1780; United States Senate. 
 
 c. 1791-1806. JOHN B. SCOTT 
 
 Prince Edward County, and Halifax County; 
 Marshal, U. S. District Court, at trial of 
 Aaron Burr. 
 
 1792-1835. JAMES MORTON 
 
 Prince Edward County; officer, Fourth Virginia, 
 War of the Revolution. 
 
 a Of the twenty seven Charter Trustees above listed (given in the 
 sequence of the Charter), Carrington, Nash, the two Venables, Francis 
 Watkins, John Morton, Read, Johnston, Sankey, and Todd were original 
 Academy Trustees appointed by the Presbytery of Hanover Feb. 2, 1775. 
 Henry, Cabell, Madison, Rice, and McRobert were added by the Pres- 
 bytery, Nov. 8, 1775 as were William Morton, Booker, Scott, the 
 
 two Aliens, Samuel W. Venable, and Parks, Dec. 19, 1782. The Board 
 appointed Meade, Joel Watkins, and Foster, April 22, 1783. Smith 
 (Academy Trustee since 1779 ex officio) and Lawson were included at 
 the time of the incorporation, May, 1783. The Presbytery had waived its 
 right of appointment, before the Charter. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 175 
 
 1792-1839. RICHARD N. VENABLE 
 
 Princeton, 1782; Prince Edward County; Mem- 
 ber, Convention of 1829. 
 
 1792-1812. JOSEPH VENABLE 
 
 Princeton, 1783; removed to Kentucky; Judge. 
 
 1795-1806. ARCHIBALD ALEXANDER 
 
 PRESIDENT OF THE COLLEGE. 
 Liberty Hall Academy, 1788. 
 
 1795-1815. JACOB MORTON 
 
 Charlotte County ; officer, Charlotte militia, War 
 of the Revolution. 
 
 1795-1819. CHARLES SCOTT 
 
 Prince Edward County (and Halifax County?) 
 
 1795-1836. CLEMENT CARRINGTON 
 
 Hampden Sidney Academy, 1776; Charlotte 
 
 County. 
 [Cf. Virginia Historical Register. II. 166] 
 
 1796-1803. ROBERT L. SMITH 
 
 (A brother of Samuel Stanhope and John Blair 
 Smith ; Physician, Prince Edward County ; re- 
 moved from the State. 
 
 1796-1827. MATTHEW LYLE 
 
 Liberty Hall Academy, c. 1788; Presbyterian 
 Minister, Prince Edward County (Buffalo 
 and Briery churches). 
 
 1803-1836. GOODRIDGE WILSON 
 
 Physician, Prince Edward County. 
 
 1803-1814. PAUL CARRINGTON, JR. 
 
 Charlotte County; Judge, General Court. 
 
 1803-1816. DRURY LACY 
 
 Acting President of the College, 1789-1796; 
 Presbyterian minister, Prince Edward County. 
 
176 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 1803-1835. WILLIAM MORTON WATKINS 
 
 Hampden Sidney 1791, Princeton 1792; Char- 
 lotte County. 
 
 1803-1823. ISAAC READ 
 
 Charlotte County. 
 
 1805-1830. JAMES BRUCE 
 
 Halifax County. 
 
 1807-1831. JOHN HOLT RICE 
 
 Liberty Hall Academy, c. 1794; Tutor in the 
 College, 1796-1804; organizer of Union Theo- 
 logical Seminary, Virginia. 
 
 1807-1823. WILLIAM L. VENABLE 
 
 Hampden Sidney, 1800; Prince Edward County. 
 
 1807-1831. J HENRY E. WATKINS 
 
 1836-1853. ) Princeton, 1801 ; Prince Edward County. 
 
 1807-1820. MOSES HOGE 
 
 PRESIDENT OF THE COLLEGE. 
 Liberty Hall Academy, c. 1780. 
 
 1809-1830. WILLIAM H. CABELL 
 
 Hampden Sidney, and WUliam and Mary; gov- 
 ernor of Virginia &c. 
 
 1812-1843. WILLIAM BERKELEY 
 
 Prince Edward County; Treasurer of Virginia, 
 c. 1798. 
 
 1812-1840. JAMES JONES 
 
 Hampden Sidney, 1791; University of Edin- 
 burgh (M. D.), 1796; Council of State, and 
 United States Congress; Nottoway County. 
 
 1812-1827. THOMAS A. MORTON 
 
 Prince Edward County and Cumberland County. 
 
 1816-1837. HENRY A. WATKINS 
 
 Hampden Sidney, 1793 ; Charlotte County. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 177 
 
 1816-1820. WILLIAM S. LACY 
 
 Hampden Sidney, 1811; Presbyterian minister, 
 
 Arkansas, 
 [cf . Union Seminary Magazine, IV, 75-83 ; V, 
 
 1-10.] 
 
 1816-1865. WILLIAM S. MORTON 
 
 Hampden Sidney c. 1801 ; Prince Edward 
 County and Cumberland County; Physician. 
 
 1816-1844. JAMES H. FITZGERALD 
 
 Cumberland County, and Fredericksburg, 
 [cf. Fbote's Sketches of Virginia, II, 594-596] 
 
 1816-1824. CARTER PAGE 
 
 William and Mary, 1772; Cumberland County. 
 
 1819-1848. JOHN P. WILSON 
 
 Cumberland County. 
 
 1819 . THOMAS MILLER 
 
 Powhatan County. 
 
 1819-1841. JAMES MADISON 
 
 Prince Edward County. 
 
 1820-1829. WILLIAM A. CARRINGTON 
 
 Charlotte County. 
 
 1820-1839. WILLIAM S. ARCHER 
 
 Hampden Sidney, c. 1805; William and Mary; 
 United States Senate; Amelia County. 
 
 1820-1847. SAMUEL BRANCH 
 
 Buchingham County. 
 
 1821-1850. WILLIAM S. REID 
 
 Princeton, 1802; Tutor in the College and acting 
 President (1806); Presbyterian minister, 
 Lynchburg. 
 
 1821-1835. JONATHAN P. CUSHING 
 
 PRESIDENT OF THE COLLEGE. 
 Dartmouth, 181 7. 
 
178 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 1823-1839. HENRY N. WATKINS 
 
 Hampden Sidney, 1807 ; Prince Edward County. 
 
 1823-1830. JOHN MILLER 
 
 Powhatan County. 
 
 1825-1850. WILLIAM NELSON PAGE 
 
 Hampden Sidney, 1821 ; Cumberland County. 
 
 1827-1847. NATHANIEL E. VENABLE 
 
 Hampden Sidney, 1808; Prince Edward County. 
 
 1827-1846. HENRY CARRINGTON 
 
 Hampden Sidney, 1812; Charlotte County. 
 
 1829-1840. EDWARD CODRINGTON CARRINGTON 
 
 Halifax County. 
 
 1830-1844. WILLIAM MYNN THORNTON 
 
 Cumberland County. 
 
 1830-1847. WILLIAM MAYO ATKINSON 
 
 Princeton, 1814; Lawyer, Petersburg; Presby- 
 terian minister (1833-1849) Winchester. 
 
 1831-1839. BENJAMIN F. STANTON 
 
 Union College, 181 1 ; Presbyterian minister, 
 New York, Connecticut, and Prince Edward 
 County. 
 
 1831-1865. SAMUEL CLOUGH ANDERSON 
 
 Hampden Sidney, 1817; Prince Edward County, 
 [cf . Dabney's Discussions, IV, 476-488] 
 
 1831-1848. ASA DUPUY 
 
 Prince Edward County. 
 
 1835-1841. GEORGE MORTON PAYNE 
 
 Hampden Sidney, 1814; Buckingham County. 
 
 1835-1838. DANIEL LYNN CARROLL 
 
 PRESIDENT OF THE COLLEGE. 
 Jefferson College, 1823. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 179 
 
 1836 Before 1849. PAUL S. CARRINGTON 
 
 Charlotte County. 
 
 1836-1844. WILLIAM MAXWELL 
 
 Yale 1802; Norfolk; PRESIDENT OF THE 
 COLLEGE 1838-1844; Editor, Virginia His- 
 torical Register. 
 
 1837-1844. JAMES D. WOOD 
 
 Hampden Sidney, 181 5; Prince Edward County. 
 
 1839-1844. ISAAC READ 
 
 Hampden Sidney, 1813; Charlotte County. 
 
 i THEODORICK PRYOR 
 
 1839-1847 
 1858-1866 
 
 Hampden Sidney, 1826; Presbyterian minister, 
 Nottoway County. 
 
 1839 . Before 1849. FRANCIS B. DEANE 
 
 Hampden Sidney, 1816; Lynchburg. 
 
 1839-1866. JAMES P. MARSHALL 
 
 Charlotte County. 
 
 1841-1847. PATRICK JONES SPARROW 
 
 Bethel Academy, South Carolina, c. 1819; Pro- 
 fessor, Davidson College, North Carolina, 
 1837-1840; PRESIDENT OF THE COL- 
 LEGE, 1845-1847; Presbyterian minister. 
 
 1841-1877. DAVID COMFORT 
 
 Princeton, 1826; Charlotte County. (Born in 
 New Jersey) 
 
 1841-1847. WILLIAM SWAN PLUMER 
 
 Washington College, 1825; Presbyterian minis- 
 ter, Danville, Charlotte County, Petersburg, 
 Richmond, Maryland, Pennsylvania, and 
 South Carolina. 
 
 1841-1867. JESSE S. ARMISTEAD 
 
 Hampden Sidney, 1823 ; Presbyterian minister, 
 Cumberland County. 
 
180 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 1841-1851. GEORGE FITZGERALD 
 
 Hampden Sidney, 1827; Nottoway County; 
 Physician. 
 
 1842-1847. JOHN ANTHONY SMITH 
 
 Lunenburg County. 
 
 1844-1849. WILLIAM B. SMITH 
 
 [Hampden Sidney, c. 1804?] ; Cumberland 
 County; Physician. 
 
 1844-1867. ISAAC COLES CARRINGTON 
 
 Hampden Sidney, 1830; Charlotte County. 
 
 1844-1866. JOHN B. McPHAIL 
 
 Yale, ; Halifax County. 
 
 1844-1870. PEYTON RANDOLPH BERKELEY 
 
 Hampden Sidney, 1824; Prince Edward County; 
 Physician. 
 
 1844-1853 I FRANCIS NATHANIEL WATKINS 
 
 1866-1885 ) Amherst, 1832; Prince Edward County. 
 
 1844-1849. NATHANIEL A. VENABLE 
 
 Hampden Sidney, 1832; Prince Edward County 
 and Lunenburg County; Physician. 
 
 1844-1865. COLIN STOKES 
 
 Lunenburg County. 
 
 1844-1850. JOHN LEYBURN 
 
 Princeton, 1833; Presbyterian minister; Secre- 
 tary, Board of Publication of the Presbyterian 
 Church. 
 
 1847-1855. WILLIAM H. PATELLO 
 
 Hampden Sidney, 1834; Charlotte County; Phy- 
 sician. 
 
 1847-1851. SAMUEL LYLE GRAHAM 
 
 Washington College, 1814; Professor, Union 
 Theological Seminary. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 181 
 
 1847-1852. RICHARD J. H. HATCHETT 
 
 Hampden Sidney, 1834; Lunenburg County; 
 Physician. 
 
 1847-1906. ROBERT C. ANDERSON 
 
 Hampden Sidney, 1836; Prince Edward County. 
 
 1847-1884. ASA DUPUY DICKINSON 
 
 Hampden Sidney, 1836 ; Prince Edward County. 
 
 1847-1856. THOMAS M. BONDURANT 
 
 Buckingham County. 
 
 1847-1865. SAMUEL DAVIES STUART 
 
 Centre College, Kentucky, 1833; Princeton Semi- 
 nary 1838; Presbyterian minister, Prince Ed- 
 ward County &c. 
 
 1848-1870. TRAVIS H. EPES 
 
 Nottoway County. 
 
 1848-1876. ARCHIBALD GRAHAM McILWAINE 
 
 Born at Londonderry, Ireland ; Petersburg. 
 
 1849-1856. LEWIS WARNER GREEN 
 
 PRESIDENT OF THE COLLEGE. 
 Centre, 1824. 
 
 1849-1872. THOMAS E. PERKINSON 
 
 Prince Edward County. 
 
 1849-1851. S. J. P. ANDERSON 
 
 South Hanover College, Indiana, c. 1834; Pres- 
 byterian minister, Norfolk and St. Louis. 
 
 1850-1866. ALFRED BOYD 
 
 Mecklenburg County. 
 
 1850-1852. SAMUEL M. McCORKLE 
 
 Lynchburg. 
 
 1851-1869. WILLIAM HENRY FOOTE 
 
 Yale, 1816; Presbyterian minister, Romney. 
 Virginia [W. Va]. 
 
i82 CALENDAR 1 OF BOARD MINUTES. " r ~ 1 f 
 
 1851-1859. JOHN THRUSTON THORNTON 
 
 Hampden Sidney, 1842; Prince Edward County; 
 Lt.-Colonel C. S. A. (killed at Antietam— cf. 
 Dabney's Discussions, IV, 453-469] . 
 
 1851-1867. EDWIN G. BOOTH 
 
 Nottoway County. 
 
 1852-1857. HENRY FLOOD BOCOCK 
 
 Washington College, 1841; Appomattox County. 
 
 1852-1899. MOSES DRURY HOGE 
 
 Hampden Sidney, 1839; Presbyterian minister, 
 Richmond. 
 
 1852-1858 THOMAS STANHOPE FLOURNOY 
 
 Hampden Sidney, 183 1 ; Halifax County. 
 
 .1853-1867. STEPHEN O. SOUTHALL 
 
 f^*Bw Hampden Sidney, 1835; Prince Edward 
 
 I ^>^;^ ( County; after 1867, Professor, University of 
 
 I "^SfeP** Virginia. 
 
 1854-1867. GEORGE D. ARMSTRONG 
 
 Princeton, 1832 ; Professor Washington Col- 
 lege; Presbyterian minister, Norfolk. 
 
 1855-1874. ROBERT A. PATTERSON 
 
 Hampden Sidney, 1848; Lunenburg County; 
 Physician. 
 
 1857-1883. JOHN MAYO PLEASANTS ATKINSON 
 
 PRESIDENT OF THE COLLEGE. \\ 
 
 Hampden Sidney, 1835. 
 
 1858-1900. HENRY STOKES 
 
 University of Virginia; Prince Edward County. 
 
 1858-1867. FRANCIS BENJAMIN WATKINS 
 
 Hampden Sidney, 1834; Prince Edward County 
 &c; Physician. 
 
 1858-1885. THOMAS T. TREDWAY 
 
 Hampden Sidney, 1838; Prince Edward County. 
 
THE COLLEGE OF HAMPDEN-SIDNEY. 183 
 
 1866-1870. JOHN FINLEY McILWAINE 
 
 Hampden Sidney, 1858; Petersburg. 
 
 1866-1868. ROBERT A. LANCASTER 
 
 Richmond. 
 
 1866-1868. JOHN W. WILSON 
 
 Washington College, 1848; Pittsylvania County. 
 
 1866-1879. JOHN N. FLOOD 
 
 Lynchburg. 
 
 1866-1885. FRANCIS DEANE IRVING 
 
 Hampden Sidney, 1839; Cumberland County 
 and Prince Edward County. 
 
 1866-1895. HENRY S. REYNOLDS 
 
 Hampden Sidney, 1857; Norfolk. 
 
 1867-1873. ROBERT LEWIS DABNEY 
 
 University of Virginia, 1842; Professor, Union 
 Theological Seminary. 
 
 1867-1904. ALEXANDER W. PITZER 
 
 Hampden Sidney, 1854; Presbyterian minister, 
 Washington, D. C. 
 
 1867-1900. WILLIAM WIRT HENRY 
 
 University of Virginia, 1850; Charlotte County 
 and Richmond; President, American Histori- 
 cal Association &c. 
 
 1867-1905. P. B. PRICE 
 
 Presbyterian minister, Botetourt County. 
 
 1867-1881. WILLIAM L. STAMPS 
 
 University of North Carolina, 1836; Milton, 
 North Carolina ; Physician. 
 
 1867-1897. SAMUEL WOODSON VENABLE 
 
 Hampden Sidney, 1842; Petersburg. 
 
 1868-1869. JAMES McCHAIN 
 
 Presbyterian minister, Abingdon. 
 
184 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 1869-1879. DANIEL B. EWING 
 
 Marion College, Missouri, 1843; Presbyterian 
 minister, Virginia, West Virginia, and Ken- 
 tucky. 
 
 1870-1904. RICHARD McILWAINE 
 
 Hampden Sidney. 1853 ; University of Virginia, 
 and University of Edinburgh; PRESIDENT 
 OF THE COLLEGE, 1883-1904. 
 
 1870-1898. JOHN PATERSON FITZGERALD 
 
 Hampden Sidney, 1857; Lieut. Colonel, C. S. 
 A., Prince Edward County. 
 
 1870-1891. CHARLES SCOTT CARRINGTON 
 
 Hampden Sidney, 1839; Richmond; Major, C. 
 S. A. 
 
 1870 . THOMAS WILLIAMSON HOOPER 
 
 Hampden Sidney, 1855; Presbyterian minister, 
 Christianburg &c. 
 
 1870-1872. ABNER CRUMP HOPKINS 
 
 Hampden Sidney, 1855; C. S. A., Presbyterian 
 minister, Charlestown, West Virginia. 
 
 1871-1903. GEORGE W. FINLEY 
 
 Washington College, 1858; Captain, C. S. A., 
 Presbyterian minister, Romney, West Vir- 
 ginia. 
 
 1873-1874. JOSEPH CLOYD 
 
 Pulaski County. 
 
 1873-1912. MATTHEW LYLE LACY 
 
 4 Hampden Sidney, 1853 ; Presbyterian minister,, 
 
 Lewisburg, West Virginia. 
 
TOPICAL INDEX 
 
 Absenteeism, 43, 44. 
 
 advertisement, 48, 49, 76, 83, 84, 104, 146, 161. 
 
 alumni catalogue, 125, 139, 165. 
 
 alumni society, 142, 158. 
 
 amusements, 42, 49, 50, 53, 58, 63, 92, 158. 
 
 apparatus, 54, 55, 7h 72, 87, 112, 115, 125, 138. 
 
 Appomattox lands, 61, 62. 
 
 Belfry, 103. 
 
 bell, 59, 60, 64, 107. 
 
 Church, 72, 85. 
 
 church affiliations, 123, 124, 126, 160, 162, 164* 
 
 Cincinnati Society, 56, 131. 
 
 civil war, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152. 
 
 Common Hall, 31, 32, 35. 
 
 costume, 29, 105. 
 
 curatorship, 26, 35, 47, 71, 105, 124, 127, 139, 154. 
 
 curriculum, 29, 33, 35, 66, 70, 72, 73, 83, 91, 93, 94, 98, 113, 123, 127, 132, 134- 
 
 Damages, 41, 43, 71 • 
 
 dining room, 24, 32, 91, 92. 
 
 diplomas, 32, 33, 66, 113. 
 
 disorders, 59, 60, 61, 64, 68, 71, 97, 127, 144. 
 
 Escheats, 37, 40 43, 56, 65, 67. 
 
 embellishments, 122. 
 
 endowment (permanent fund), 58, 71, 82, 101, 102, 119, 122, 133, 145, 147, 
 
 148, 150, 155, 161, 164, 165, 166, 168, 169. 
 
 Faculty, 25, 29, 32, 33, 34, 36, 38, 40, 41, 42, 45, 46, 49, 54, 57, 61, 62, 
 69, 72, 75, 88, 89, 95, 96, 98, 101, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 115, 
 116, 119, 120, 122, 123, 126, 128, 132, 134, 136, 139, 141, 143, 144, 145, 
 
 149, 151, 152, 154, 155, 156, 159, 167. 
 fire insurance, 56, 86, 144. 
 
 fives, 50, 53- 
 
 King's Tavern (French's Store), 33, 34, 43, 47, 69, 71, 92, 96, 103, 108, 112, 
 138, 148. 
 
 Gaming, 47. 
 
 grammar school (academy, preparatory department), 64 70, 73, 93, 122, 
 131, 132, 137, 140, 152. 
 
 Hampden Memorial, 128-130. 
 history, 26, 99, 159, 167. 
 
 James River Navigation stock, 45. 
 
 Laws and ordinances, 29 ff., 42, 43, 48, 53, 59, 60, 63, 64, 66, 68, 75, 92, 
 
 99, 101, 121, 132, 138, 139, 153, 156. 
 Library, 27, 28, 39, 48, 55, 60, 71, 75, 86, 87, 113, "9, 133, 148. 
 lottery, 23, 26, 27, 34, 47- 
 
186 CALENDAR OF BOARD MINUTES. 
 
 Manual labour, 113. 
 
 Medical Department, 118, 121, 126, 134, 140, 141. 
 
 memorials to the Legislature, 20, 26, 27, 28, 37, 38, 40, 47, 48, 50, 62, 69, 
 
 70, 74, 81 ff., 88, 98, 99, 102, 109 ff., 116, 132, 134, 136, 139, 142, 157, 
 
 160. 
 Mineralogical Society of Virginia, 114. 
 
 New College, 86, 91, 96, 101. 
 
 Prayers, 30, 155. 
 
 President's house, 38, 101, 103, 137. 
 
 price of boarding, 24, 33, 47, 58, 70, 96, 101, 142, 145- 
 
 Repairs, 35, 43, 48, 49, 53, 58, 60, 64, 65, 96, 105, 124, 132, 146, 154- 
 room rents, 26, 27, 28, 34, 72, 92, 146. 
 
 Salary, 46, 47, 48, 52, 55, 61, 62, 72, 76, 92, 97, 100, 103, 107, 112, 115, 118, 
 
 119, 123, 125, 129, 135, 141, 142, 153, 155, 159. 
 scholarships, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 141, 144, 145, 146, 153, 155. 
 
 156, 158, 165, 166. 
 seal, 32. 
 
 sectarianism, 37, 38, 42. 
 servants, 65, 72, 139, 152. 
 sessions, 91, 133. 
 steward, 22, 24, 25, 26, 27, 31, 38, 44, 47, 49, 68, 87, 88, 96, 101, 104, 105, 
 
 116, 119, 124, 131, 138, 149, 153. 
 subscriptions, 32, 33, 35, 39, 40, 42, 49, 58, 64, 65, 70, 73, 74, 84, 96, 100, 
 
 101, 113, 121, 125. 
 
 Theological School, 61, 62, 68, 70, 83, 97, 100. 
 
 tuition money, 22, 31, 36, 37, 46, 48, 55, 64, 73, 125, 132, 152, 160. 
 
 University and Colleges, 87-90, 147. 
 
 Vice President's house, 70, 71. 
 Valedictory, 50.