The University Bulletins Fourteenth Series No. 3— Part 1 PENNSYLVANIA Founded 1740 A GLIMPSE OF THE UNIVERSITY ITS HISTORY, EQUIPMENT, AND ADVANTAGES WITH SOME ACCOUNT OF ITS REQUIREMENTS PHILADELPHIA Published by the University February, 1914 Bi-Monthly Entered at the Philadelphia, Pa., Poet Office a§ Second-Clase Matter PENNSYLVANIA Founded 1740 A GLIMPSE OF THE, UNIVERSITY ITS HISTORY, EQUIPMENT, AND ADVANTAGES WITH SOME ACCOUNT OF ITS REQUIREMENTS PUBLISHED IN 1914 BY THE GENERAL ALUMNI SOCIETY AND EDITED BY HORACE MATHER LIPPINCOTT, '97, SECRETARY, AT PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA. SOLD FOR TWENTY-FIVE CENTS Hi \i\MiN Franklin BEN FRANKLIN By Charles I. Junkix, '77 (Music by Edward G. McCollin, '78.) H'rah! H'rah! H'rah! Penn-syl-van-i-a ! In days of old as we are told There lived a man named Ben; A friend was he, and so are we, To Pennsylvania men. A ready blade, he often made Ingenious little toys; He built a kite with great delight, And shocked the little boys. This ancient squire did then aspire A public school to found; And with a dash he raised the cash And bought a lot of ground. And now we raise our song of praise To good old Father Ben; A friend was he, and so are we, To Pennsylvania men. Chorus. Ben Franklin was his name, And not unknown to fame; The founder first was he Of the U-ni-ver-si-tee. CONTENTS The Spirit of Pennsylvania, by Provost Edgar F. Smith .... 7 The University's History 9 Pennsylvania's Contribution to the Nation — Science, Law, Literature, Religion, and Education 21 Equipment 25 Environment 55 Life in the Classroom 56 Student Life and Organizations 57 Religion 74 Paying One's Way 76 Athletics 81 The Alumni 86 Corporation and Faculties 91 Entrance Requirements 94 Calendar 97 Scholarships 97 The University's Finances 99 Student Statistics 100 Alumni Officers 102 The General Alumni Society acknowledges with gratitude the assistance of the Provost; Vice Provost Penniman; Dean Quinn; Dr. Weygandt; Bursar Miller; Recorder Nitzsche; L. B. Schofleld, '13; Dana G. How, '12; G. W. Pepper, '87; The Red and Blue; The Class Record ; The Athletic Association ; and the Alumni Register in the preparation of this book. THE SPIRIT OF PENNSYLVANIA By The Provost OUR University began its career as a Charity School, under the guidance of godly, self-sacrificing men and women. Its earliest lesson was in the field of service. It developed into an Academy and College during the years when the Colonies were beginning to feel the free and inspiring influences of a young, vigorous, and growing civilization, so that when resistance to the parent country became the dominant thought of the colonists, its graduates were in the fore- front of the movement. They were heard in the protesting town meetings, and when recourse to arms was had, they were again present and were participants, not only in the struggles on the field, but also in the halls of legislation. The part they bore in the establishment of independence and in the upbuilding of the Republic will never be forgotten. It was a lesson in loyalty. This lesson, so notable, became a subject of common remark. Like the first lesson, it has come down through many decades, and, with that first lesson, con- stitutes a part of that intangible thing known as the Pennsylvania spirit. In our earliest documents, we can discern plainly, as dis- tinguishing characteristics of the University, service and loyalty, with which are linked scholarship and character. In the matter of scholarship, it is known that the college curriculum, adopted in the post-revolutionary period by all our institutions of learning, had its birth in Pennsylvania. That curriculum, strictly adhered to, gave magnificent results. It is not necessary to enumerate examples. But character-building was regarded as of greater import- ance. This is obvious from our motto " Litterae sine moribus vanae." Recognizing the sterner qualities as essential — that life is real and earnest, and that preparation for it should be made with care and earnestness — there is seen in our earliest documents a proper consid- eration for those things which appeal so strongly to the young of every age and station. Thus, our present day activities in athletics were foreshadowed in the track of 1761, which reached about the four 8 Pennsylvania sides of a city block; and the modern Mask and Wig — indeed, all our Dramatic Clubs — were preceded by a perfectly similar organiza- tion existing about 1762. It attracted large crowds. It was a fea- ture in the educational system. The cosmopolitan caste of our student body was to be observed in the very earliest student groups — for there were many from sister colonies and from the isles of the sea. To me, our University has always been distinguished for a deep interest in the happy life of the student body, for the inculcation of a spirit of service to others, for loyalty to tradition, to all that is noblest and best in our family, state, and nation, with marked emphasis upon learning or scholarship, culminating in that highest and best feature — character-making. To develop these is then the aim of our venerable University, upon whose sons the sun never sets. Edgar F. Smith. Aftek Chapel SKETCH OF THE HISTORY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA ONE of the strongest of the cords which bind these later days to colonial times is the continuous life of a half-dozen American colleges or universities, as they have ultimately become. It was the day of small things; and the institution at Philadelphia, like the others, had quite as much of the school as the college about it. On November 13, 1749, soon after the publication of a pamphlet written by Benjamin Franklin, and entitled "Proposals relating to the Education of Youth in Pensilvania, " twenty-four public- spirited citizens of Philadelphia associated themselves for the pur- pose of establishing an Academy, and "laying a Foundation for Posterity to erect a Seminary of Learning more extensive and suit- able to their future Circumstances." One of their first acts was to negotiate for the possession of a building constructed under a trust established in 1740, and intended to be used for a "Charity School" and as a "House of Publick Worship." This building had been used for the second purpose as early as November, 1740, when the cele- brated Whitefield first preached in it; but the charity school had never been set in operation. The Trustees, recognizing the oppor- tunity to have the full purpose of their trust carried out, and "in order that said building may at length be applyed to the good and pious uses orginally intended," conveyed it on February 1, 1750, to the Trustees of the Academy by an Indenture, which bound the latter to place, erect, found, establish, or keep a "House of Publick Worship" and also "one free school for the instruction, teaching, and education of poor children or scholars within two years from the date of these presents"; and which further provided that they "shall have full power to found, erect, establish, and continue in and upon the said house and premises such another school, Academy, college, or other seminary of learning" as should not conflict with the original objects of the elder trust. Under these agreements — which in due time were faithfully fulfilled — the Trustees of the Academy took possession of the "New Building," as it was then called, fitted it 9 The University's History 11 up for its enlarged uses, engaged a rector and subordinate instruc- tors, and formally opened the Academy in the presence of a dis- tinguished company on January 7, 1751. So successful was the undertaking that in 1753 the Trustees secured a charter for the Academy from Thomas Penn and Richard Penn, proprietaries and governors-in-chief of the Province of Pennsylvania. This was the beginning of the first university in America. The Academy Becomes a College Under the skillful training of the learned Rev. William Smith, M.A., the highest class in this Academy attained that proficiency which, in a college course, would entitle it to a degree. Accordingly, two years later, the Proprietaries were again successfully petitioned to convert the Academy into a College with the power of conferring col- legiate degrees. Dr. Smith was appointed the first Provost of the College and Academy, and the Reverend Francis Alison, M.A., the first Vice Provost. Some of the habits of the students can be inferred from an early order of the trustees "that a small ladder be bought to be always at hand for the convenience of mending windows"; and "chastizement" appears as a form of discipline for offenses midway between those for which there were fines of fourpence and other sums, and those for which the penalty was expulsion. The first Commencement was held May 17, 1757, when Paul Jack- son, Jacob Duche, Francis Hopkinson, Samuel Magaw, Hugh William- son, James Latta, and John Morgan received the degree of Bachelor of Arts. In the agitated times that followed, during the wars with the French, the Provost, Dr. Smith, opposed so vehemently the non- resistance policy of the Legislature of Pennsylvania that by an arbi- trary stretch of power he was thrown into prison. In faithfulness to his duties as Provost, however, he received his classes in gaol, and continued his instructions to them there while still a prisoner. Fin- ally he was set at liberty, for the purpose of going to England to make a personal appeal to the king, and his kindly reception there was not lessened by the strain to which his loyalty at home had been put. Oxford conferred on him the degree of Doctor of Divinity. On his return home so highly did his fellow-citizens rate his influence abroad that, when in 1761 the Trustees were hard bestead, they sent him 12 Pennsylvania back to England to raise funds for an endowment. It happened that King's College (now Columbia) in New York was in similar straits, and had resolved on similar efforts. The two commissioners met in England and amicably resolved to "divide the land between them" and share the proceeds. Through the influence of the Archbishop of Canterbury they received a circular letter from the king to all the churches, and succeeded in raising a very considerable endowment for each college. Its Early Non-Sectarian Character On Dr. Smith's return as it appears on the minutes of the 14th of June, 1764, a letter was received from the Archbishop of Canter- bury, Thomas and Richard Penn, and the Rev. Samuel Chandler, D.D., addressed to the Trustees, in which the Trustees are congrat- ulated on the success of Dr. Smith's collection in England, and ad- vised of what would be further necessary to the due improvement of the collection and the future prosperity of the institution: "That the institution was originally founded and carried on for the general benefit of a mixed body of people. That, at the time of making the collection, the Provost was a clergyman of the Church of England; the Vice Provost, a Presbyterian; a principal professor, a Baptist; with other useful professors and tutors, all carrying on the education of youth with great harmony, and people of various denominations have heretofore contributed liberally and fully. That jealousies had arisen lest the foundation should be narrowed, and some party exclude the rest, or put them on a worse footing than they have been or were at the time of the collection, which would be unjust and productive of contentions unfriendly to religion." It was, there- fore, recommended to the Trustees, by the writers of the letter (who had a principal share in procuring the collection), to make a funda- mental rule or declaration, to prevent inconvenience of this kind, and in doing which they were advised that the more closely they kept in view the plan on which the seminary was at the time of the royal brief, and on which it was carried on from the beginning, so much the less cause would any party have to be dissatisfied. A committee having been appointed to frame a fundamental resolve or declaration, in consequence of the letter, the following was reported and adopted: "The Trustees, being ever desirous to promote the peace and The University's History 13 prosperity of this seminary, declare that they will keep this plan closely in their view, and use their utmost endeavors that the same be not narrowed, nor the members of the Church of England, or those dissenting from them, (in any future election to the principal offices mentioned in the aforesaid letter) be put on any worse foot- ing in this seminary than they were at the time of obtaining the royal brief." Stormy Days of the Revolution Perhaps no more striking instance can be given of the distortion to which men's minds were subject in those days of political comrao- Medical Building, 1765 tion than the fact that in 1779 this resolution was construed by the Legislature into a "narrowing of the foundation," and seized as a pretext for confiscating all the rights and properties of the College, which were bestowed upon a new organization called in its charter the "Trustees of the University of the State of Pennsylvania." Ten years later these rights and properties were all restored, and in 1791 an act was passed amalgamating the old College with the new Uni- versity. The name of the institution was then changed to "The University of Pennsylvania." 14 Pennsylvania During the Revolution, the College fell upon troublous days. The gathering patriot troops used the college yard and buildings for temporary barracks; the attention of the students was diverted by more stirring interests; and finally the British troops came to occupy the city. As a result, the college building was closed for more than a year and a half, as far as its legitimate uses were concerned, though it served various purposes in the meantime, including that of the meeting place for Congress for several days in July, 1778. Even after its reopening, the events of the time were echoed in the life of the College. At the Commencement of 1781, when a certain student in his graduation oration made some allusion, whether sympathetic Presidential Mansion, University's Home, 1802-29 or hostile is not recorded, to Major Andre, who had just been hanged, the ceremonies were stopped; and the Board of Trustees retired, held a meeting, and deprived the young man of his degree. Just After the Revolution The years following the Revolution and the early part of the suc- ceeding century wore not a period conducive to the prosperity of a non-sectarian institute of higher education in a community as much devoted to material interests as was Pennsylvania. The Medical Department, which had been founded in L765, and which appealed to tangible professional interests, like those colleges which prepared The University's History 15 students especially for the ministry, grew and flourished. It soon became by far the best-known medical school in America, drawing students by the hundreds from all parts of the country, especially from the Southern States. The founding of the Law School in 1790 was also an important step in the enlargement of the functions of the University. The old buildings at Fourth and Arch Streets eventually became too contracted and too badly situated for further usefulness, and the minds of the Trustees were turned toward the securing of a new location. On Ninth Street, between Market and Chestnut, there was a large and handsome building erected at the expense of the state as a dwelling place for the President of the United States, when it was expected that Philadelphia would remain the national capital. College Hall, 1829-73 But destiny chose a far different spot for the White House, and the Philadelphia Presidential Mansion remained untenanted. In 1802 this building was secured for the College, which immediately emi- grated thither from its old Fourth Street home. Alterations and additions were made from time to time, till in 1829 it was torn down and two buildings were put up on the same site, one for the Depart- ment of Arts, one for the Medical School. In 18"2o the college course was raised from three to four years, entrance requirements made more rigorous, and then, or not long previously, a rule was made that students should not be admitted under fourteen years of age. With the middle of the century, a number of scientific courses in the College were successively established, additional members were 1 6 Pennsylvania added to the faculty, and several professors of strong personality and influence were teaching simultaneously. The Move to West Philadelphia A few years later, in 1872, a great break with the past was made by the removal from the center of the city to West Philadelphia. This proved to be the beginning of a new life, especially as it coin- cided with the administration of a new Provost, Dr. Stille. What the Fourth Street location had become by 1802, the Ninth Street site had become by 1872. It had come to be surrounded and hemmed in by the world of business. In West Philadelphia the University had elbow-room, and it began promptly to take advantage of its op- portunity for expansion. In the years immediately succeeding was erected the original group of four buildings, consisting of College Hall, Medical Hall, the Medical Laboratory, and the University Hospital. All these buildings were of green serpentine stone. Between 1880 and 1890, during Dr. Pepper's provostship, several more buildings were erected, among these the Library, the present Botanical Building, and the old Veterinary buildings, which have since given way to the new Medical laboratories erected in 1904. Between 1890 and 1900, the additions to the University group of buildings included the Observatory, the beginning of the Dormitory system, the Harrison Laboratory of Chemistry, the Museum, Wist a r Institute, Houston Hall, Dental Hall, and the Law School. During this period the direction of the University passed from Dr. Pepper to Charles Custis Harrison, LL. D., whose term of office as Provost dated from 1894 to 1910, Vice Provost Edgar F. Smith, Sc. D., LL. D., succeeding him in office. Since 1900 the physical equipment of the University has been materially augmented, the erection of the following buildings attest- ing a period of remarkable development and extension: the new Medical laboratories, already referred to; the Engineering Building; the Veterinary Hall and Hospital; the Gymnasium; the Training House and Franklin Field; the remodeling of the University Hospital; enlargement of the Museum of Science and Art; additions to the Dormitories; the Thomas W. Evans Museum and the School of Den- tistry; the Women's Dormitory; the Henry \Y. Phipps Institute for the Study, Prevention and Treatment of Tuberculosis; and the University Settlement House. The new building for the Graduate The University's History 17 School will shortly be constructed, and a site for the Wharton School building has been chosen. In addition, the University has acquired, by grant from the city, a neighboring tract of about fifty acres, which extends the campus to the western edge of the Schuylkill River, and gives it a total acreage of one hundred and seventeen, exclusive of streets and sidewalks. But, after all, the campus and buildings are only the shell of the University. It is the history of the life within them which is im- portant. During the period from 1870 to 1913, a number of new departments of study were established, in the scientific courses, in Biology, in Finance and Economy, in Architecture, in Dentistry, in Music, in Veterinary Medicine, and in the Graduate School, in addi- tion to corresponding extensions of the old departments, the College, and the Medical and Law Schools; the separation of the Wharton School and the Towne Scientific School from the College in 1912 was an important administrative change. The number of students in all departments had risen from less than a thousand in 1870 to 5,323 in 1912-1913, and the number of instructors from less than fifty to more than five hundred and fifty. Representatives from forty-six states of the Union and forty-one foreign countries are included in the student enrollment. The College and the Community A parallel movement has been the growth of a series of connections between the University and the community at large. For instance, between 1883 and 1887, a commission of members of the Faculty and of the Board of Trustees carried out a series of investigations in modern spiritualism and published their results. During the same period, Mr. Eadweard Muybridge anticipated the invention of the commercialized moving picture by performing, under the supervision of the University, a system of experiments on the photography of animals in motion. The publication of the results of his experiments furnishes a valuable and interesting document in the history of the development of the motion picture. The Babylonian explorations, which have since made valuable contributions to the world's knowl- edge of ancient history, were begun at about the same time. The Museum of Art and Science, in which the Babylonian collection and other valuable collections are exhibited, is now the mecca of week- end pilgrimages of school children and others throughout the year. 18 Pennsylvania The free clinics in the Medical, Dental, and Veterinary Schools an- nually provide treatment for thousands of the city's sufferers. The Phipps Institute for the Study, Prevention, and Treatment of Tuber- culosis is also a splendid instance of the double function of the Uni- versity. The work of the Psychological Clinic, in studying and treat- ing backward and defective children, is rapidly becoming recognized as an important adjunct to the community. Instances multiply in which the various laboratories of Medicine, Botany, Zoology, Physics, and Engineering have been drawn upon by national, state, or munic- ipal bureaus for expert assistance. Each year one or more commis- sions, such as the Chestnut Blight Commission, make the University a headquarters for research work. In a similar way, the various departments of the Wharton School of Finance and Commerce have given practical and valuable assistance in the solving of problems affecting national and municipal finances and administration. The solution of many of the perplexing questions of policy, arising out of the construction of the Panama Canal, was achieved by members of the Wharton School faculty. The Department of Architecture also, through its students and faculty, has rendered efficient aid to many municipalities. In many other ways does the University respond to requests for expert assistance. The Growth of Athletics College athletics have formed such a large part of the interests of students, alumni, and outsiders in recent years, and Pennsylvania has won so prominent an intercollegiate position, that it is hard to realize how short their period of development has been. Rowing and cricket run far back in the last century, but in other branches there was little done before 1875. Contests in baseball were begun in that year, in football in 1876, and in track athletics in 1877. The Athletic Association was formed in 1873, and has guided and con- trolled athletics ever since. The first regular athletic field, now the site of the Dormitories, was obtained in 1885, and the present Frank- lin Field in 189.5. From the later eighties onward, Pennsylvania began to develop winning teams in various athletic lines, and her recent triumphs are a familiar mailer. 20 Pennsylvania Social Organizations in the Past The more purely social side of university life goes further back, and has been less changed of recent years, than the intellectual or the athletic sides. Fraternities, musical and dramatic clubs, college literary societies, and such organizations have their roots well back in the early part of the century. However, the custom of keeping up fraternity houses in which members live while at college has sprung up within the last twenty years. Many attractive houses have recently been built by local chapters of national societies. But of all the changes that have taken place in the life of students of the University since 1872, when the removal to West Philadelphia was made, the most important, if not the most conspicuous, is the greater closeness of connection of the students with the University, the large part of their life which centers in it. This has resulted partly from the erection of the Dormitories, partly from the estab- lishment of Houston Hall, in which practically all the students meet one another and spend much of their time, partly also from the policy of the University authorities, and the growth of a habit among the students of looking upon the University as the center of all their interests. Twenty-five years ago the greater number of the students had but little more connection than that involved in attendance during lecture or recitation hours. It has since then become more and more general for a student to feel during the three or four years of his course that all his interests, material, intellectual, social, and religious, gather around his university. There he spends almost all of his time, and there he finds enough to satisfy all his normal instincts and interests. HAIL! PENNSYLVANIA By Edgar M. Dilley, '97 Hail! Pennsylvania, noble and strong; To thee with loyal hearts we raise our song. Swelling to Heaven loud our praises ring; Hail! Pennsylvania, of thee we sing! Majesty, as a crown, rests on thy brow; Pride, Honor, Glory, hove, before thee bow. Ne'er can thy spiril die, thy walls decay; Hail! Pennsylvania, for thee we pray. Pennsylvania's Contribution to the Nation 21 Hail! Pennsylvania! guide of our youth; Lead thou thy children on to light and truth; Thee, when death summons us, others shall praise, Hail! Pennsylvania, through endless days. PENNSYLVANIA HAS GIVEN TO THE NATION: In the Continental Congress — Allen, Mifflin, John and Lambert Cadwalader, Peters, Bingham, and Smith, of Pennsylvania; Hopkinson, Neilson, and Sergeant, of New Jersey; Paca, Seney, and Hindman, of Maryland; Williamson and Hill, of North Carolina; Dickinson, of Delaware; Marchant, of Rhode Island; Grayson, of Virginia; and Ramsay, of South Carolina. Signers of the Declaration of Independence — Benjamin Franklin, Robert Morris, George Clymer, James Wilson, Benjamin Rush, Thomas McKean, John Penn, Francis Hopkinson, William Paca, and James Smith. In the Continental Army (dating from 1774) and during the War of Independence — Dickinson, Commander-in-chief of the New Jersey troops at the Battle of Monmouth; Morris, Captain of the First City Troop, Philadelphia City Cavalry, present at the Battles of Princeton and Trenton; Cadwalader, Commander of the Philadelphia Brigade in the memorable winter campaign of 1776, who fought a duel with Conway, the leader of the conspiracy against Washington; Mifflin, A.D.C. to Washington in 1776 and Major- general in 1777; Grayson, A.D.C. to Washington; Peters, Captain in 1775, later Speaker of the Pennsylvania Assembly, then of the Senate, then Judge of the United States Dis- trict Court; Tilghman, chosen by Washington to bear his dispatch to Congress announcing the surrender of Cornwallis, for which service he received a vote of thanks from that body; Neilson, Brigadier-general New Jersey militia, 1777 (presented with a sword by Lafayette in 1824); Hooper, Captain of New Jersey militia; Cooke, Colonel of the Rhode Island State troops, 1776, 1780; Muhlenberg, a clergyman at Woodstock, Va., until 1775, then a Colonel in the Continental Army (1775), a Brigadier-general (1777), a Major-general (1783); Johnston, Commander of Second Pennsylvania Brigade, 1776-81; Allison, Lieu- tenant-colonel First Pennsylvania Battalion, 1776-77; Duncan, Captain of the Fifth Pennsylvania Battalion, 1776-77; Clopton, Captain of Virginia Company of militia through the whole Revolutionary War; Allston, Captain Second South Carolina Regiment, 1779, 1781; Waites, Captain of a volunteer company, midshipman, member of General Marion's corps in South Carolina; James Biddle, Captain of the "Wasp"; and George Simpson, Commissary General; three Commanders-in-chief of the American Army, Anthony Wayne, Jacob Brown, and George B. McClellan. In the Constitutional Convention — Wilson, Franklin, Morris, Mifflin, Clymer, and Ingersoll. Attorneys-general have been Smith, Meredith, Read, Sergent, Morris, Brewster, McKean, Allen, Reed, Kittera, Carson, and Bell, of Pennsylvania; Bozman, of Maryland; Marchant, of Rhode Island; Rodney, Gilpin, Brewster, and Wickersham, of the Linked States. United States Senators have been Dickinson, of New Jersey; Mason and Grayson, of Virginia; Muhlenberg and Bingham, of Pennsylvania; Clayton, Latimer, and Rodney, of Delaware; Whitesides and Cooke, of Tennessee; and Walker, of Mississippi. 22 'Pennsylvania Governors have been Mifflin and Pennypacker, of Pennsylvania; Clayton and Miller, of Delaware; Paca, Goldsborough, Carroll, Thomas, and Loundes, of Maryland; Izard, of x\rkansas; Dickerson, of New Jersey; Carey, of Wyoming; Barber, of Montana; Bibb, of Alabama; McCullough, of Vermont; Walker, of Kansas; Hulbert, of Maine; Floyd, of Virginia; and Gilpin, of Colorado. Justices of Supreme Courts have been Paca, Seney, and Ridgeley, of Maryland; Read, Tilghman, Sharswood, Smith, Gordon, Yeates, and Mitchell, of Pennsylvania; and Wilson, of the United States. Further, there have been Borie and Stoddert, Secretaries of the Navy; Peters and Garrison, Secretaries of War; Meredith and Dallas, Secretaries of the Treasury; William T. Otto, Secretary of the Interior; Joseph Beale, Surgeon-general, U. S. N ; and Robert M. O'Reilly, Surgeon-general, U. S. A. The machinery and dies for making the coin of the young republic were devised and made by Rittenhouse when appointed Director of the Mint by Washington. To Literature and Art — Francis Hopkinson, Henry Reed, Benjamin West, Joseph Hopkinson, Thomas Dunn English, Charles Dudley Warner, John McClintock, John M. MacCauley, Robert M. Patterson, S. Weir Mitchell, Francis 0. Ticknor, Robert M. Bird, Charles Henry Luders, and Rene Gregory. To Science — Ebenezer Kinnersley, Robert Hare, Alexander Dallas Bache, Edward D. Cope, F. A. Genth, Daniel G. Brinton, Caspar Wistar, James I. Biederman, Elisha Kent Kane, John Morgan, Benjamin Rush, Philip Syng Physick, Crawford Long, H. C. Wood, D. Hayes Agnew, William Pepper, William Sellers, J. Peter Lesley. Joseph Leidy, Benjamin Smith Barton, John Ryder, Henry D. Rogers, Robert E. Rogers, Thomas Cooper, James Woodhouse, and Alfred Stille. To the Law besides those already mentioned — George Sharswood, John I. C. Hare, George Tucker Bispham, and James Parsons. To Religion — The three chaplains of the Continental Congress, Jacob Duche, Patrick Allison, the founder of the Presbyterian Church in Baltimore, and William White, who was the first chaplain of the Congress of the United States, the first Bishop of Pennsylvania, and for the last forty years of his life the presiding Bishop of the United States and a Trustee of the University; Austin Phelps; John Henry Hobart, Bishop Western New York; W. H. DeLancey, Bishop Western New York; William II. Odenheimer, Bishop of New Jersey; S. S. Schmueker, founder Lutheran Seminary of Gettysburg; W. A. Muh- lenberg, writer of hymns; Samuel Miller, founder Princeton Theological Seminary. To Education — Samuel Jones, founder Brown University; Charles Nassau, President of Lafayette; S. B. How and Robert Davidson, Presidents of Dickinson; Jacob Hall, President of Cokesbury College, Ind.; Richard S. Nassau, President of Ilohart and Del- aware Colleges; William Smith, founder Washington College, Maryland; Edward D. Neille, Chancellor University of Minnesota; Josiah Clarke Nbtt, founder of Mobile Medical College; Joseph Wright Taylor, founder of Bryn Mawr College; Henry Morton, founder of the Stevens Institute of Technology; and Lyman Pierson Powell, President of Hobart College, N. Y.; J. A. W. Haas, President of Muhlenberg College. Diplomats — E. S. Sayres, Minister !<> Brazil; E. J. Morris, Minister to Turkey; Torbeu Bille, Danish Minister i<> Ave materna! Loving and wise, The light of the Ages Is bright in thine eyes. Hugh A. Clarke, Mus. Doc, '86) Though peaceful thy mission And gentle thy hand, If ever the war cloud Shall darken the land. Ave triumphans! Proud heiress of him Whose fame writ in lightning Shall time never dim. Mater amata! Mother adored Of men who were noble By pen and by sword, The earth and the ocean Have taken thy sons Where fluttered the star flag, And thundered the guns. Or living, or dying, Thy trust we shall greet With harvests of honor To lay at thy feet. Laurels unfading Forever are thine, But fresh are the roses We lovingly twine. Mater dilecta! Lo! from above Heaven smiles down on thee, Take thou our love. T\\ [LIGHT Tow i RS Equipment 25 THE UNIVERSITY— ITS BUILDINGS AND EQUIPMENT The seventy buildings of the University are nearly all situated on rising ground west of the Schuylkill River, and within ten minutes' ride of City Hall, in the heart of Philadelphia. They are grouped on one tract of one hundred and seventeen acres, as shown on the accompanying map, and thus secure the advantages of college life and fellowship for the students of all departments, an unique feature. College Hall The building which dominates the University group is College Hall, whose twin towers are held in affectionate remembrance by all College Hall Pennsylvania men. The architecture is Italian Gothic, the work of the late Professor Thomas Richards, of the Faculty. The building is situated in what approximates the geographical center of the Campus, having a fine sweep of green sward between 34th and 36th Streets, on the Woodland Avenue side. College Hall is one of the 26 Pennsylvania four buildings of green serpentine stone erected in 1871, when the University moved to West Philadelphia. In its two-score and two years it has sheltered the infant life of many departments, which have since left the maternal roof and established themselves in homes more extensive and better equipped than the ivy-grown and venerated structure, so reminiscent of other days and other men. Among the departments of the University, the exercise of whose functions now demands entire buildings, which formerly were embraced within a The Library few rooms, are the Law School, the laboratories of Physics and Chem- istry, the Wharton School, the departments of Chemical, Civil, Mechanical, and Electrical Engineering, the Library, the Gymnasium, and the Museum. The exodus of the Graduate School to its new building and the Architecture School to the building now occupied by the Dental School will take place (luring the coming year. The other departments at present located in College Hall are English, Mathematics, History, and the Languages, as well as the laboratories Equipment c Z7 of Psychology and Mineralogy. The rooms of the two literary societies, Philomathean and Zelosophic, founded in the early part of the nineteenth century, are located on the fourth floor. Until 1909, the College Chapel exercises were held daily in the "old chapel" on the second floor, when they were transferred to Houston Hall. The "ivy-stones," commemorating the graduating classes, are imbedded in many places on the front wall of the College Building. A scion of the "Penn Treaty Elm" occupies a position of honor in the main approach to College Hall. The Library Flanking College Hall on the left is the University Library, a large building of brick, red sandstone, and terra-cotta, in which there are housed more than 325,000 volumes. The main section, having a massive tower ninety-five feet high, embraces the reference and read- ing rooms and general offices on the first floor, while the upper floors are devoted to seminar uses. The fire-proof "stack," with its in- valuable store of books and documents, comprises the other part of the Library Building. Reference libraries in various departments contain about 55,000 volumes more. Logan Hall Supporting College Hall on the right, and facing 36th Street, is Logan Hall, for many years devoted to the uses of the Medical School. At present it quarters the Wharton School of Finance and Commerce. The building is one of the original group of four. The Wharton School of Finance and Commerce was founded by Joseph Wharton, Sc.D., LL.D., of Philadelphia, in 1881, to provide instruction and special training in commercial pursuits. The founder expressed the desire that the School should offer facilities for obtain- ing: (1) "An adequate education in the principles underlying success- ful civil government"; (2) "a training suitable for those who intend to engage in business or to undertake the management of property." The general purpose of the Wharton School is primarily that of affording a good general education of the type that we regard as most satisfactory by way of preparation for business and citizenship. We are endeavoring to conform to the ideals laid down by Mr. Wharton in his Deed of Gift. Equipment 29 Houston Hall The construction in 1895 of Howard Houston Hall on the University Campus, directly back of College Hall, was watched with peculiar interest in American university circles. The uses to which its donors wished the building to be devoted represented an unique and distinctly progressive step in the direction of centralizing and unifying the social life of the student body. Hitherto, no college or university had attempted to provide a common club or recreation hall of such Houston Hall proportions for its students, and the outcome of the venture at Penn- sylvania, it was felt, would more or less affect the policy of other institutions. That the ends sought have long since been achieved is common knowledge. Houston Hall was dedicated on January 2, 1896, the gift of Mr. and Mrs. Henry Howard Houston, as a memorial to their son, Henry Howard Houston, Jr., of the class of '78, College. Designed by its 30 Pennsylvania Intebiob of Houston Cli b Equipment 31 Interior of Houston Club 32 Pennsylvania donors "for the daily welfare of the students of the University of Pennsylvania," it followed happily that its architects should be Pennsylvania men. Two young graduates — one not yet of age — won the competition, and designed a building both harmonized to its surroundings and adapted to its purpose as a place for student recreation. Houston Hall is of that transition type of English archi- tecture when Gothic was passing into Renaissance; a staunch-looking and beautiful structure of characteristic Philadelphia gray stone, with broad mullioned windows that amply light every part of it. The reception room, which occupies a large part of the first floor, is paneled high up the walls with dark oak, and the ceiling is timbered. Auditorium, Houston Halt. Big easy chairs are scattered about, for this is lounging room, smoking room, talking room — whatever you choose to make it. At the western end of the reception room is located a billiard, pool, and chess room. At the eastern end of the first floor is the correspondence and reading room. From the central reception room, two broad oak stairways rise to the second floor, leading into a hallway almost as large as the recep- tion room itself. To the eastward is an auditorium, which will hold six hundred people. It is finished in quartered white oak, with a high wainscot and heavily timbered ceiling, adapted from that of Eltham Palace. At the north end of the auditorium is a proscenium Equipment 33 arch and stage, at the back of which is a two-manual pipe organ. The daily chapel exercises are now held in the auditorium, which is also the scene of many social functions, including the fraternity dances. The Christian Association has its room at the western end of the second floor, where is also the club cafe. The most interesting room in the building, to student and visitor, is the trophy room, south of the second-story hall. Here are to be seen the football, baseball, track, and rowing trophies, in fact the proofs of many victories of Pennsylvania athletes. The offices of the Recorder of the University and of "Old Penn," the University weekly, and of the Student Employment Bureau, of the Christian Association, and the Camera Club room, are on the third floor. The feature of the third floor, however, is the music room, which departs somewhat from the general character of the decoration. It was designed to catch the interior effect of an old Tyrolese Inn. The rest of this floor is taken up with rooms of various University societies, such as the surgical, medical, and dental. In the basement are located the book and cigar stands, barber shop, bowling alley, additional pool and billiard room, and lavatory. The Houston Club has unquestionably accomplished its object as stated in Article II of its Constitution, in that it has drawn together the students "in a wholesome social life," and provided them with "suitable amusements and recreations." Nor is its function social alone. The men, a part of whose lives it has been for four years, will own to the truth of that saying of Lowell's that "nothing is so great a quickener of the faculties, or so likely to prevent their being narrowed to a single groove, as the frequent social commingling of men who are aiming at one goal by different paths." At the Houston Club you may rub shoulders with men that bring with them from Europe or the South Seas, Spanish America or Japan, ways of looking at things new to you, broadening your outlook on life. The Technical Buildings When the School of xArchitecture, which at present occupies a part of College Hall, takes possession of the building shortly to be vacated by the School of Dentistry, all of the buildings of the Towne Scientific School, as well as the laboratories of Physics and Chemistry, will be located in the plot between Chancellor, Spruce, 33rd, and 34th Streets. The most conspicuous of these is the Engineering 34 Pennsylvania Building, drawing rooms, and class-rooms of the Departments of Civil, Mechanical, and Electrical Engineering. The School owes its foundation, in 1874, to the bequest of John Henry Towne, a Trustee of the University. The building is of structural steel fire-proof construction, with an exterior of dark brick with limestone trimmings, the general architectural treatment being in the English Georgian style. The total available floor area is about 128,000 square feet. The building is divided into two sections, the western being devoted to the needs of the students in Mechanical, Electrical, and Chemical ^9 Engineering Building Engineering, and the eastern section being assigned to the students in Civil Engineering. The John Harrison Laboratory of Chemistry is the gift of former Provost Charles C. Harrison, A. C. Harrison, and W. W. Harrison, and is named for their grandfather, John Harrison. The building shows the broad projecting eaves and other characteristics of brick architecture in the Italian Renaissance style. It is one of the best equipped chemical laboratories in America. The Randal Morgan Laboratory of Physics consists of two build- Equipment 35 Room in Engineering Building Interior Engineering Room 36 Pennsylvania ings of red brick, three stories high, also in the brick architecture of the Italian Renaissance. The laboratory is fully equipped with valuable physical apparatus, including several valuable pieces for work of research in heat, radiation, and in electricity and magnetism. Students of the Architectural Department have won 12 out of 19 awards in the Inter-scholastic Competition in 1912, and 9 out of 17 in 1913, the T Square prize in 1906 and 1907, the Paris prize of 1911, 1912, and 1913, the Rome prize of 1911, the Warren and the Pupin prize of 1913, the John Stewardson Memorial Scholarship, 11 out of the 16 awards, and many firsts in the Beaux Arts competitions. Interior in Engineering Building The Biological Group Another group of buildings devoted to a particular department of the University, to which a recent addition has been made, consists of the botanical and zoological laboratories, with the adjoining Vivar- ium, greenhouses, and Botanic Gardens. These are located on a plot of ground embracing several acres, west of the Medical Labora- tories, and on the south side of Hamilton Walk. Equipment 37 The new Zoological Laboratory provides opportunity and material for study and research work such as is probably available nowhere else in the world. The architecture is early English Renaissance, thus being in harmony with the buildings in the immediate vicinity. The laboratory is three stories high, with a wing of two hundred and sixteen feet facing Hamilton Walk, and a shorter wing connecting Zoological Building with the Vivarium, which contains both salt-water and fresh-water aquaria; connecting it with the new laboratory is a wing with special breeding rooms. The Botanical Hall, which is beautifully overgrown with vines, contains class-rooms, a herbarium room with forty-two thousand sheets of plants, the museum, containing the Pennock-Wheatly col- lection of shells and the Leidy collection of parasites, the Botanical 38 Pennsylvania Law School Building Staircase in Law School BUILDING Equipment 39 Library with about three thousand volumes, and also the Bartram Memorial Botanical Library. The Botanic Gardens have eleven greenhouses and a physiological plant laboratory. The beautiful lily and lotus ponds and the wind- ing paths are among the most attractive features of the University Campus. Law School The building occupied by the Law School is situated at the south- west corner of Thirty-fourth and Chestnut Streets, adjacent to the other University buildings. The class-rooms, executive offices, quiz, and student club-rooms are on the ground floor. The entire second floor is devoted to the library and reading-rooms. The two reading-rooms for undergraduate students contain nearly six hundred separate desks or reading tables. Each registered student has one of these desks assigned to him, and is thus enabled to enjoy an un- disturbed place of study. The graduate reading-room contains twenty-six large tables for the use of advanced students, members of the bar, or others engaged in legal research. The Library of the Law School, founded by the family of George W. Biddle, as a memorial to his three sons, George Algernon, Sydney, and Arthur Biddle, with an original gift of five thousand volumes, was supplemented in 1897 by the presentation by Mrs. Arthur Biddle of more than four thousand volumes, which had formed the library of the late Arthur Biddle, Esq. The family of the late Richard C. McMurtrie presented his law library to the University in 1906. Many other valuable gifts have been received from families and indi- vidual donors. About six thousand dollars is expended annually in the purchase of books. The number of volumes at present is 51,000. Buildings of the Medical School The buildings connected with the Medical School are the Medical Laboratory, Wistar Institute of Anatomy, the Laboratory of Hy- giene, Hare Laboratory of Chemistry, Pepper Clinical Laboratory, Phipps Institute, and the Hospital system, in which are included the Agnew Surgical Pavilion, the Gibson Wing for Chronic Diseases, Clinical Building, the Maternity, and the main Hospital Building; it also includes the Nurses' Dormitories, Laundry, Mortuary, and the Chapel, and Isolation Building. Equipment 41 The Medical Laboratory Building is unsurpassed in facilities for graduate and undergraduate work. It has a frontage along Hamilton Walk of 337 feet and a depth of 192 feet, is constructed of fire-proof material, and is two stories in height above a high basement. It is quadrangular in shape, and so constructed around a courtyard as to give all the main laboratories and research rooms a north light. The architecture is in the English Collegiate style of the middle Medical Laboratories Seventeenth Century, and is in harmony with other recent University buildings. The Laboratory of Hygiene is the gift of the late Henry Charles Lea, and the equipment of the late Henry C. Gibson, both of Phila- delphia. It is devoted to graduate work in bacteriology and hygiene. Opportunities for research work in advanced hygiene and bacteri- ology are offered to those having the requisite preliminary training, all work coming under this head being done under the direct super- vision of the laboratory staff. The Wistar Institute, incorporated in 1892 by the University of Pennsylvania and General Isaac J. Wistar, is the first American. 42 Pennsylvania university institute devoted to advanced study and research in anatomy and biology. Through the munificence of General Wistar, the Institute was established and endowed, not only for the advancement of research in anatomy, but also for the preservation and increase of the ana- tomical museum originally known as the Wistar or Wistar and Horner Museum. The original museum, founded in 1808 by Professor Caspar W 7 istar, was used as a teaching museum for students of medicine in the University of Pennsylvania. wmm Interiob of Medical Laboratories and Students' Ward The Institute publishes the five principal independent anatomical journals of the United States, namely: The Journal of Morphology, The Journal of Comparative Neurology, The American Journal of Anatomy, The Anatomical Record, and The Journal of Experimental Zoology. The University Hospital System consists of a number of buildings, bounded by 34th, 86th, Spruce, and Pine Streets. In these build- ings are six amphitheaters, and fourteen wards, with a total of more (ban S90 beds. The medical slall* of the Hospital consists of more Equipment 43 than 130 physicians and 86 nurses. Extensive improvements are being made to the Hospital buildings, which, when completed, will give a total capacity of about 600 beds. A cheerful and comfortably furnished students' ward has been set aside in the hospital. There students receive the best medical treatment free, only a nominal charge being made for board. The William Pepper Clinical Laboratory was erected by former Provost William Pepper as a memorial to his father. It adjoins the University Hospital. The Laboratory is devoted entirely to graduate work, its purpose being to promote the interest of patients in provid- ing the facilities for the prosecution of minute clinical studies and original researches, and to advance the interests of science by the publication of the results of such work. The Gibson Wing for Chronic Diseases, while originally erected for the treatment of heart and lung diseases, now contains the Chil- dren's Medical Ward of twenty beds, the Ward for Chronic Surgical Cases, of twenty beds, the Students' Medical Ward, of ten beds, and a number of private rooms. To the front of the Gibson W T ing has been added the Medical Clinical Laboratory Building, which contains the laboratories of Clinical Pathology for the use of the Hospital staff and for the fourth year students in medicine. The D. Hayes Agnew Memorial Pavilion was named in honor of the great American surgeon who had such a long and important career at the University. The building contains four wards and three amphitheaters for clinical instruction. To the east of the Agnew Pavilion is the new Surgical Building. In the Hospital yard is an isolation building for contagious diseases. The Maternity Pavilion is located along Hamilton Walk, and has accommodations for about fifty patients, and an amphitheater seat- ing two hundred. It also contains several wards and nurseries, and a sun parlor. The Henry Phipps Institute for the study, treatment, and pre- vention of tuberculosis was established in 1903 by Mr. Henry Phipps, of New York, at Third and Pine Streets, Philadelphia. The situa- tion was chosen as being in a section of the city in which tuberculosis was most prevalent, and was made possible by a special law permit- ting the establishment of the hospital within the city limits. In February, 1910, Mr. Phipps transferred the Institute to the University of Pennsylvania, having previously engaged to erect a permanent building for its accommodation at Seventh and Lombard 44 Pennsylvania Streets. By this generous gift to the University, this becomes the first fully organized and equipped institution of the kind with uni- versity connection. An entire reorganization of the plan of work has been undertaken by the University. This includes a broaden- ing of its efforts and division of the work into three distinct fields of activity, to be represented by two corresponding departments, the Laboratory of Research Department, and the Clinical Depart- ment and Sociological Department, each under its special director. An Advisory Council of twelve members has been selected, com- The New Dental School posed of the most distinguished men of the country in the lines of work carried on by this Institute, who will visit the institution at leas! once each year. The Dental Buildings The Denial School expects to vacate its present building at the close of the session of 1918 I'M 1, and to occupy the new structure at the northwest corner of Spruce and 40th Streets. By agreement of the Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania and The Thomas \Y. Evans Museum and Institute Society, a cooperative affiliation is now established between the respective corporations whereby the Equipment 45 resources of both will be utilized in carrying out the intent and pur- poses expressed in the will of the late Dr. Thomas W. Evans. The style of architecture is Collegiate Gothic of the time of Henry VIII, and in keeping with other recently constructed buildings of the University. The Evans Museum, which occupies the east hall of the Spruce Street wing, is as nearly fire- and burglar-proof as modern science can make it. Another of the important features of the building is the large operative clinic in the north wing on the second floor. This will occupy the entire wing, and will contain one hundred and thirty-five specially designed operating chairs with instrument cabinets and gas, electricity, hot and cold water, and compressed air service at Veterinary Building each chair. On the north side will be a wall of glass, so far as pos- sible in keeping with the strength of the building. The clinic will be two stories high, thirty feet in all, and the glass in the wall will be turned over the roof a distance of about ten feet, giving all the day- light possible. The Veterinary School and Hospital The importance of establishing a School of Veterinary Medicine in connection with the University was originally urged by Dr. Benja- min Rush in 1807, in an address before the Philadelphia Society for the Promotion of Agriculture, but no definite steps were taken to found such a school until the academic year of 1883-84, when a suit- able site was procured, the necessary buildings erected, and a dean 46 Pennsylvania and faculty appointed. An important step in the development of the School was taken in 1903, when the Trustees of the University purchased for its use a plot of ground on Thirty-ninth Street ex- tending from Woodland Avenue to De Lancey Street, and compris- ing 55,000 square feet, and with the assistance of the State provided for the erection thereon of modern, fully equipped, fire-proof build- ings, to accommodate the various divisions of the work of the school. The Observatory The Flower Astronomical Observatory is situated on the "Flower Farm," on the West Chester Pike, two miles from 63d and Market Part of University Museum. Streets. The Observatory buildings, three in number, were con- structed in 1895 — the equatorial building of brick, the meridian building of wood, and the residence of the Director and the Astro- nomical Library. Among the principal instruments are an equa- torial telescope of eighteen inches' aperture, meridian circle, transit instrument reflex zenith, tube chronometers, and chronograph. The fund for building and maintenance was provided by the late Reese Wall Flower, of Philadelphia. The University Museum The northwestern section of (he Museum of Science and Art was begun in 1 si)7 and dedicated December L 20, IS!)!). The completed plana provide for an extensive group of buildings to be constructed Equipment 47 by sections, which will cover almost twelve acres of ground and cost approximately $"2,250,000. The section now erected will form about one-seventh of the building when completed. The plans provide for a massive dome which will dominate the entire composition. From this dome broad galleries are to extend eastward and west- ward to two secondary domes, with each of which are connected two groups of buildings, one facing north and the other facing south. Museum Court Yard. The portion at present erected is a part of the western group, and consists of a series of buildings facing three sides of a courtyard in which there is a large pool containing aquatic plants. The style of the building is inspired by the round arched brick architecture of Northern Italy. The material is rough brick of a somewhat unusual color, laid with wide mortar joints, the only exterior ornamentation The Provosts' Toweb at Sunrise Equipment 49 being rough mosaic fragments of brick and marble. The roof, of Spanish tiles, adds greatly to the beauty of the structure. The Museum contains notable archaeological collections in the American, Babylonian, Egyptian, and Mediterranean sections, and valuable material for the illustration and study of archaeology and ethnology. The Dormitory Group The University Dormitories, with present accommodations for almost a thousand students, provide college homes under most de- Entrance to "Triangle" from "Big Quad." lightful and attractive conditions. The Dormitories consist of a group of twenty-nine adjoining houses and are constructed on the ""separate staircase" system, all houses' entrances opening on one of the enclosed courts, known as the "Triangle," "Little Quad," and the "Big Quad." With the addition of houses still in contem- plation, two more courts, the "South Quad" and the "East Quad," will result. Access to all the enclosures is had through two main entrances, "Memorial Tower" opening into the Triangle, and "Pro- vosts' Tower" into the Big Quad. The former tower is dedicated to the memory of University men who fought in the Spanish-American 50 Pennsylvania The "Little Quad." War, and the Provosts' Tower commemorates the service of a long line of eminent University executives. The various houses bear the names of distinguished persons or organizations associated with the University at some period in its history. The average cost of rooms in the Dormitories, including light, is about $2.25 a week. Rents in the Dormitories are for the full col- lege year, and rooms may be thus occupied for thirty-nine weeks. The average cost of a room per week in a boarding house near the University is $2.00. There are accommodations for 95 students in the Dormitories at $1.50 per week or less, and places for 268 at $2.00 or under. ( #£W J Be? ^ ^ifc I'.Ml; \\« EC T<> II \MI!.T(>\ \\ \I.K Equipment 51 Cost of Living at Pennsylvania For his board, lodging, tuition, and text-books it will cost the stu- dent from $345 to $500 a college year. The figures given below are based upon the cost of living either in the Dormitories and dining hall, or in a boarding house: Minimum Maximum Board and lodging— thirty -seven weeks $185. 00 $250. 00 Tuition (according to the character and year of the course) 150. 00 200. 00 Text-books 10.00 50.00 $345.00 $500.00 Students' Rooms in Dormitories The University aims to impose few restrictions upon Dormitory residents. These are rules with regard to charges and payments, leases and terms of occupation of rooms, and damage to property. Beyond this, the regulation of the life in the Dormitories is left in large measure to the students themselves. The Athletics and Physical Education Group The University Gymnasium, Franklin Field, and the Training House form a solid mass at the southeastern end of the University campus. The Gymnasium fronts 33d Street and the Towne Scien- tific School buildings. At its back lies the athletic field, with its horse-shoe rim of 20,000 seats, upon permanent stands. East of the Gymnasium is the Training House, devoted to the use of the ath- letic teams during the open season of intercollegiate competition. Equipment 53 The Gymnasium was erected in 1904, architecturally being Eng- lish Collegiate Gothic. A swimming pool, one hundred feet long and thirty feet wide, is located on the ground floor, as are also rooms for fencing, boxing, and rowing. Weightman Hall, in which the courses in physical education are given to all undergraduates, is on the second floor. The towers and wings contain tier upon tier of lookers. The Training House furnishes sleeping quarters for twenty-six men, while at least seventy men may be served at the training table. Football at Franklin Field. A fine open hall connects the lounging and dining rooms on the first floor, while the two upper floors are given over to bedrooms and studies. Franklin Field in 1895 superseded the ''Old Field," now the site of the Dormitory "Big Quad," as the meeting-ground for athletic contests. In 1904 the new stadium and brick grandstands were constructed, providing ideal facilities, from the viewpoint of both contestant and spectator. Under the grandstands are indoor run- ning tracks, squash courts, and suitable quarters for winter training., 54 Pennsylvania ALMA MATER By Isaac H. Jones, 'OG Old Alma Mater, great and grand, Renowned from sea to sea. Where'er thy loyal sons shall stand, They'll e'er be true to thee. The sight of thy majestic halls, With ivy overgrown, The fondest memory recalls That we have ever known. Ah! Pennsylvania! Dear Pennsylvania! We'll e'er be true To Red and Blue Of Pennsylvania! Twilight To* era Environment 55 ENVIRONMENT The advantages of the University's location in Philadelphia are manifold. The city is one of the oldest and largest on the continent, and is well described as the "City of Homes." The privileges which the student obtains toward a liberal education are very valuable. In music he can attend the performances of Grand Opera by the Metropolitan Opera Company and the Symphony Concerts of the Path in Botanical Gardens Philadelphia Orchestra. In art the advantages of the Academy of the Fine Arts and of Memorial Hall are open to him, as well as many other features valuable to students of architecture. The situation of the various engineering departments in the principal manufactur- ing city of the nation is obvious, as well as the advantage to the Wharton School of such an industrial center where the problems of business management can be shown in a practical way. The various institutions for the care of the dependent classes are also valuable 56 Pennsylvania The Lily Pond sion and monastic quiet with- in the limits of the University, situated as it is on the west bank of the Schuylkill, and so just re- moved from the city's turmoil. One has but to retire within the enclosures of the Dormitories, the bosky limits of the Botanical Gar- dens, or stroll along Hamilton Walk, with its ample shrubbery and poplar sentinels, to find the blessings of solitude. to the study of' social and econom- ic problems. The Courts and the Hospitals are in- dispensable to the thorough work of the Law and Med- ical Schools. And yet the scholar or lover of literature who would seek to step aside from the immediate can readily find seclu- Botanical, Gardens IN THE CLASS-ROOM If there is any characteristic of the class-room at Pennsylvania that distinguishes it from the class-room of any other American university, it is its intimacy. The instructor, whatever his subject may be, talks to the student as man to man, with very little of the formality of the set lecture. Even a Large class knows something of that give and lake of conversation thai is SO great an asset of the small class of the small college 1 . And as it is in the class-room, so it is in the laboratory and office. 'There is fellowship everywhere and thai kinship of spirit that comes from a common interest in intel- lectual things. Whether directing the student's work at the micro- Life in the Class-room 57 scope or discussing with him the question of life or art that the lec- ture has provoked, the instructor follows the Pennsylvania tradition of getting to know personally his men. It is this relation as of friend with friend between teacher and student that all visitors note as the outstanding feature of the Pennsylvania college hour. STUDENT LIFE AND ORGANIZATIONS Pennsylvania's rich horde of traditions, many of which have their root in the very foundations upon which the University rests, and all of which have been handed down from year to year until they have become a very part of the atmosphere the student breathes, '93 Gate and College Tower. make the life of the undergraduate peculiarly fascinating. With the growth of the college, there has grown up about it a vast number of customs, which have become so permanently established that they now form the basis of the lighter side of the student's four years at Pennsylvania. Various organizations exist, many of them dating back in their origin to the earliest days of the University, which, although in no way a part of the official institution, are recognized by all as an in- tegral part of Pennsylvania, whose rules are as sacred and whose regulations are as inviolable as the very fundamental principles of •58 Pennsylvania Back to the Dormitories After a Game BoNFIRl \i i i i; \ ( . \m Student Life and Organizations 59 the University. It is these "undergraduate activities," as they are popularly termed, which go to make up the real student life and spirit, and which serve as a necessary complement to the more serious side of a university education. In every college and university such things are a necessity. The very fact that their origin has been spontaneous and their perpetua- tion voluntary proves that they have their place. Though not es- sential to a college education, they are so nearly so that without them there is a tendency for the student to become narrow and single-purposed, for him to become blinded to the larger and more humanitarian interests of the world, and for his mental horizon to become clouded with academic ideas and intricacies. The danger that the importance of such things will be overempha- sized by the student is minimized at Pennsylvania by a carefully conducted system of faculty control and supervision, so that the condition that exists is close to the ideal. In fact it is these activities, in one form or another, that make life at Pennsylvania so pleasant and which, in supplement to the regular curriculum routine, make going to college really worth while. Foremost among these student organizations and institutions are the various forms of athletics, which in one form or another afford one of the most interesting channels of student activity, and one that tends to promote, possibly more than any other, what is known as "College Spirit" — that spirit which must be felt to be realized and which has been the underlying cause for Pennsylvania's numerous victories. No matter how great one's supposed infirmities may be there is usually some branch of sport at Pennsylvania, be it a major or a minor one, that will attract the student to a participation. With this comes the competition for managerships of the various teams, which ranks as one of the greatest honors in the Senior year. It is usually in the Sophomore class that this competition starts and is continued through the remaining years, the student being given more responsibility as he slowly loses his first coat of "greenness." One of these responsibilities is a participation in one or more of the various college publications. Positions on the staffs of the "Pennsyl- vanian," the daily newspaper, the "Red and Blue," a monthly literary magazine, and the "Punch Bowl" are the coveted prizes of the Senior year. The last publication takes the place in the Uni- versity that "Life" does to the outside world, the jesters of the campus confining their efforts to it and making it a convenient an- tidote to the other more serious publications. 60 Pennsylvania Celebrating a Victory Grill I{«'<>m of Mask and Wig Club Student Life and Organizations 61 The Senior class of almost every college publishes a Year Book, which at Pennsylvania is known as the "Record," and includes the portraits of each member of the class, his honors, and what he has accomplished during the four years, conveniently leaving out what he has not, so that no matter how lazy a student may be, it always turns out that when the "Record" is printed he will find a list of titles or organizations tacked after his name in the book, which with much pride he shows to the fair one at home who usually comes to see him graduate. All the work incidental to the issue of these publications, ex- cept the actual printing, is done by students. Those who have dramatic inclina- tions, and they are usually many, find a convenient out- let in the various dramatic organiza- tions. Chief among these is the "Mask and Wig Club," whose ambition is to be funny rather than serious, leav- ing the latter inten- tion to the Priest- ley Chemical Club, Philomathean So- ciety, Deutscher Verein, and the Cercle Francais. But in its own line the Mask and Wig Club, with its an- nual production, attains a signal success and a widespread popularity. The fortunate one making a position in the cast or chorus is taken with the Club on its annual trip, some time after the Easter Week run in Philadelphia, to such cities as Washington, Architectural Players 62 Pennsylvania 1 SJ ** * %. i/^m It'- 1! r JBe. ;,;/■■■::■:■■■:■ , fW^yfr'- f \ -^-i*> Mask and Wig Club's Cast Baltimore, Pittsburgh, Buffalo, and New York. In the same line is the Architectural Society's annual play, written by its own members, and ranking in popularity second only to the Mask and Wig. The A (lllK.KK Pi. AY Student Life and Organizations 63 production is always brilliant and witty, the scenery being painted by the department daubers. For those who find the English language inadequate for their needs, a part in the productions of the Deutscher Verein and the Cercle Francais is offered. Weather permitting, the Philomathean Society gives its annual production, some Elizabethan comedy, in the open air, usually a well chosen spot in the Botanical Gardens. Among all these activities the "songsters" are not forgotten, but are gathered together in the Combined Musical Clubs, composed of the Glee and Mandolin Clubs. These Clubs have a tuneful career,. The Deutscher Verein and appear to some advantage in the different concerts given through- out the winter. Not being satisfied with Philadelphia alone, these Clubs make trips to nearby cities, and usually an extended tour is taken during the Christmas holidays, generally in the South or West. Of course, the student must cheer his team to victory on the gridiron, and to help him out a University Band is provided, composed entirely of students, clad in distinctive uniforms. If a man can't sing he can at least talk, and for this purpose the Zelo and Philomathean Societies have been organized. Although liter- ary, their activities tend mostly toward debates, and many are the forensic contests that take place in the societies' rooms on the top 64 Pennsylvania floor of College Hall. Zelo has celebrated its Centenary and is probably the oldest of College literary societies. The University also offers ample facilities for training in debate and public speaking. In addition to several courses, always popular, the Department of English offers six prizes to be annually competed for by students. A 'Varsity Debate Team, which competes with other colleges and universities throughout the country, affords interesting trips for the participants. For fear that a student may become so interested in all these allur- ing activities as to entirely forget his home, numerous school and sectional, state or county clubs have been formed, composed of men Cercle Francais hailing from certain localities, or who come to Pennsylvania from certain preparatory schools. There are also various other organiza- tions which are composed of men who have common interests along certain lines and who have combined to pursue their interests to- gether. Modernity has crept in in the form of the Wireless Club with its wireless apparatus in the Physics Building. Any student may be- come a, member of this club and learn to talk in dots and dashes. Those with soaring ambitions may join the Aero Club, and the pho- tographers, the Camera Club. Students who find they have no in- clinations for the above find the Walking Club affords a convenient Zeta Psi, 1910 Delta Psi, 1909 66 Pennsylvania Psi Upsilon, 1898 pastime, especially in the spring. This does not mean walking back and forth to the class-room, but extended tramps into the country surrounding Philadelphia. If, after several attempts, the Walking Club is found to be not sufficiently energetic, a student may com- pete for the Golf Team or even become a member of the Chess Club,. Phi Delta Thsta, 1899 Student Life and Organizations 67 providing he is sufficiently expert in this line of activity, and com- pete in contests with rival colleges. In every Senior class there are always those men who are known as the "Big Men" of the class, not in physique, but in ability — men who have come to be recognized as leaders. From this group the two Senior societies, Frairs and Sphinx, are formed. Fraternities, at Pennsylvania, occupy an important place in undergraduate life. Thirty-one college fraternities maintain active Chapters at the Uni- versity, all of which occupy houses on or near the Campus. They have always had the constant countenance of the authorities and Phi Kappa Sigma have never been subjected to censure or restriction. To alleviate some of the objectional characteristics which are claimed against fraternities in general, an Inter-Fraternity Agreement has been formed by those having Pennsylvania's interests most at heart, pro- hibiting all "rushing" prior to matriculation and setting aside a certain period during the Freshman's first year in which he is not allowed to receive an invitation to join a fraternity. This agree- ment is strongly endorsed by the Provost, as tending toward a greater fairness and better results both for the Freshmen and the fraternities. Those students who are termed "high-brows" by their less fortu- nate classmates are elected into the honorary societies of Phi Beta Pin Katpa Psi, 1905 Delta Phi, 1899 Student Life and Organizations 69 Kappa and Sigma Xi, each of which selects about twelve men every year, basing their election upon scholarship. The former draws men from the Arts Course, the latter from the Scientific Schools. In addition to the various student organizations which comprise such a large part of the life at Pennsylvania, there are a host of local customs which are carried out every year and which are a dominating factor in undergraduate life. Among these are social functions like the Ivy Ball, a dance given by the Senior class and one very popular among the debutantes. Class Day Class Day, although a joyful occasion, has yet a certain sense of sadness about it, as it is the final parting from the active life of the University. This is the day that all the terrible threats against the professor or professors who found it their duty to "flunk" a student are redeemed, and although the "Mock Presentations" lend a lighter tone to the proceedings, they are mostly of a more serious nature. On this occasion, the four "Honor Men," chosen each year by the class on a basis of popularity, are presented with handsome trophies as the gift of the class. The "Spoon Men," the most popular, Student Life and Organizations 71 receives a hand-carved ebony and silver spoon, and in order follow the " Bowl Man, " the " Cane Man, " and the " Spade Man. " To the last falls the duty immediately afterwards to plant the class ivy at the base of the class stone in some University building, a custom which has existed at Pennsylvania since her early classes passed out into the world. Class Day in the "Triangle" Among other customs which have long existed at Pennsylvania are the class fights or "rushes" which occur every year between the Freshmen and Sophomores. For years the "Poster Fight" has happened on the night before college opens. The Sophomores de- fend a huge poster which they have placed upon the back door of College Hall and which derides the "greenness" of the Freshmen and sets forth instructions in the matter of conduct which they are com- manded to follow. If the Freshmen can tear down this insulting 72 Pennsylvania placard, which to them is as a red rag to a bull, they are accorded the victory. The next morning after chapel the "Campus Fight" takes place, and thereafter the two belligerent classes declare a truce until spring, when the ancient "Bowl Fight," a classic among college "class scraps." is held on Franklin Field. It is fifty years old and started as a piece of mock courtesy by the Sophomores in presenting a large wooden bowl to the lowest honor man of the Freshman class, immediately after he was announced in chapel. He was put in the bowl and Breaking up Classes carried aboul the streets, as the University was then at 9th and Chest mil Streets in the city. Soon the Freshmen began to resist on behalf of their classmate, and since the contention has become an organized one it is divided into two halves, during the first of which the Freshmen try to gel their "bowl man" out of the field and away, while the Sophomores try to put him in the bowl as of old. The class accomplishing its object wins the half. In the second half I he Freshmen t ry to capture the bowl, and at the call of time tin 1 hands Upon it are coiinled in order to determine the winner of the half. Student Life and Organizations The Bowl Fight This is a development from the old days when the Freshmen tried to get the bowl and break it, as a resentment of the indignity put upon their classmate. The fights are supervised by upperclassmen, and no injuries, other than minor bruises, are ever reported. They are in no way brutal or dangerous, and, on the other hand, tend to develop manliness and courage. Watching the Bowl Fioiit 74 Pennsylvania On the evening of the first of May, in celebration of Admiral Dew- ey's victory at Manila, a final struggle occurs between the two classes, but this, unlike the others, is more in the way of individual combat. In a large ring, roped off in the center of Franklin Field and lighted by calcium lights, the members of the two classes battle for suprem- acy in exciting boxing and wrestling matches, enthusiastically cheered on by their cohorts in the stands. A Sophomore Cremation comes in May, also. It is at this time that the members of the class wreak vengeance upon unpopular class- room task-masters. An election is held, and the three professors who prove to be the most disliked are burned in effigy on Franklin Field, but only after long speeches have been made by the class spokesman, stating why these three professors should be condemned and finally placing their fate in the hands of the audience, who exercise the right to "recall" and whose reply is always a blood curdling shriek for vengeance, and every thumb is turned down in the true Roman style. There never has been a great deal of hazing at Pennsylvania, and what once obtained was definitely abolished by the Undergraduate Committee several years ago. The Freshmen are now required to wear small black caps, conveniently known among the upperclass- men as "Ink Spots," while on the Campus. They are not allowed to smoke on the streets near the University, and the front door of College Hall is denied them. These are the "regulations" laid down by the Sophomores. They are obeyed in a more or less exact degree, according to the interest of the Freshman for the custom, or the absence of a Sophomore at the time being. University Day, each year, is an important event on the under- graduate calendar. It is conducted by the authorities, and for more than a century has been held on Washington's Birthday. At this time the students and the guests of the University gather in the Academy of Music to participate in the celebration, which consists of addresses by prominent men in national affairs, and other appro- priate exercises. RELIGION The most Interesting and important phenomenon in student life in the United Stales is the religious awakening. Perhaps in no American university is I he new spirit more potent than in Pennsyl- vania. The University Christian Association is recognized by the Religion 75 Trustees of the University as the organization charged with the duty of stimulating and directing the religious interest. The Association is an incorporated body managed by twenty-one directors, includ- ing students and graduates of the several University departments. The Association recognizes itself as the agent and ally of the several Christian communions, and aims to relate each student more closely to that division of the Church which is the division of his natural allegiance. The Association is accordingly recognized not merely by the University corporation, but by the various religious bodies, and its work has their endorsement and support. The policy of the Association thus makes toward religious unity, and the example and influence of Pennsylvania in directing the course of the entire Christian movement in American universities can hardly be over- stated. Within the University, Sunday services are conducted and the students are addressed by representatives men of the several com- munions. There is daily chapel service, attendance upon which is voluntary. Systematic Bible study and mission study, during the academic year that is closing, engaged the attention of over thirteen hundred students. At the meetings of the various student groups there was an average attendance of over fifty per cent, of the enroll- ment. The meetings were held in fraternity houses, in dormitory rooms, and in class-rooms. From the students whom the Christian Association reaches and influences, workers are recruited for social service work in the Uni- versity Settlement and in connection with the social service depart- ment of the University Hospital, and for personal work in visiting the prisons, instructing foreigners in English and civics, and in teach- ing Sunday-school. One of the activities of the Association is the maintenance of a student employment bureau and of a loan library for the benefit of those unable otherwise to acquire needed books. The Association maintains a farm to which boys, girls, mothers, and babies are sent during the summer. Over four hundred people were cared for in this way last year, and this year the number is larger. The Association maintains the University Settlement House at Twenty-sixth and Lombard Streets, Philadelphia. It also owns and maintains a children's playground, and is enabled to offer to the poor the use of the University's auxiliary athletic field on the bank of the Schuylkill. It is the aim of the Association to make the settle- 7G Pennsylvania ment work a practical manifestation of the Christian spirit. All the work has a definite religious basis. The settlement property and the playground probably have an aggregate value of $65,000. The foreign work of the Asso- ciation is the University Medi- cal School at Honglok, near Canton, in China. Here the Association has built several of the sections of a modern hospital and dispensary. Reviewing the work of the Christian Association as a whole it is not too much to say that it furnishes convincing testimony to the readiness of American college students to respond to the Christian appeal in ways that are wholesome, practical, and sane. The University is directly surrounded by churches of the various denominations to which the students are welcomed, while, of course, the churches in the city proper are always available and afford a wide choice. Settlement House PAYING ONE'S WAY Most of the fellows who come to the University for the first time have enough money to last half the year, at least. They have time to get acquainted, and to learn how to study efficiently, before their needs become pressing. Waiting on table is perhaps the best all- around way for such a Freshman to help himself, because there is a steady income and a change from mental work. Clerking in stores, ushering, and leading boys' clubs arc in the same category. There was a Senior veterinarian who had been a night telephone operator in a large down-town building all through his college course. He had a room furnished him where he slept, and a heavy gong that rang at exasperatingly short intervals to arouse him when needed al the board. His particular drawback was thai he never had an evening Olll . Reporting is one of the gilt-edged opportunities. At this Uni- versity I here arc a I least a dozen amateur reporters who are making Paying One's Way 77 a good check weekly, covering University and Franklin Field news. The latter is a real gold mine, but is chiefly confined to prominent athletes. During the football season such men often make over twenty dollars a week, and baseball, crew, and track are almost as lucrative. One or two men here now write moving-picture scenarios, and rumor has it that another youth with a facile pen and lively imagination made a rich living by writing dime novels. A page would hardly be enough space to enumerate the different occupations in which we find students. One enterprising chap from New Jersey combined revenge and business by exterminating the mosquitoes of his native state during his summer vacations. A whole battalion of Philadelphia men worked as scene-shifters and ushers at the Philadelphia Historical Pageant, and theater-suping is a student's job everywhere. Can- vassing for books, maps, and other articles is also very popular. One man who had, as they say in New England, a remarkable "gift of gab," cleared over five hundred dollars on a book one summer, and so persuasive was he that he actually made sales to women who couldn't read their own names in print. But usually canvassing is overdone. Tutoring is another profitable business at most large universities, but not so much at Pennsylvania. Here there is very little tutoring, and rates are comparatively low. Everyone seems to realize that second-hand studying is expensive and of little real assistance to an earnest student. And in this con- nection it is interesting to note that less than ten per cent, of the students here work during their college career, and only about four per cent, during the term time. Sometimes Pennsylvania is called a "poor man's university," but that is a misnomer. It is expensive to attend Pennsylvania, as compared with many other institutions both East and West, and while there are few of the immensely wealthy here, on the other hand there is not a great number whose '93's Gate 78 Pennsylvania morning prayer ''Give us this day our daily bread," is a very real and urgent supplicntion. The present record for the largest authentic amount earned in one school year here is five hundred dollars. The man apparently had a sinecure, for he acted as a reader for an elderly gentleman in the neighborhood. Another fellow of athletic build last year made three hundred and fifty dollars as a gymnasium leader, and another ran him a close second with three hundred dollars. Once there was a well-biceped and enterprising Senior who made a living acting as an escort. He used to make a busi- ness of accompanying well-to-do young ladies when on their way to evening entertainments and dances unattended, leaving them at the door and returning later when the affair was over. He also had a steady customer in a woman in- terested in the sociological condi- tions of the city, whom he effect- ually protected in all sorts of investigations. Stenography and typewriting is a growing field. The student pub- lic is becoming educated to steno- graphy as a labor saving advant- age, and there is still enough work to go around. Followed closely, typewriting is a winner. One can make three hundred dollars in this manner, mostly on law briefs, and doctors' theses covering every subject from Farming in West Virginia to metaphysics and oriental mysticism. Hut type- writing lias disadvantages. The work comes in waves: some weeks one is swamped, and oilier times then* is positively nothing to do. Typewriting moreover offers no relief after study, and carried to an extreme is nerve-racking and irksome. Hut it is one of the best paid of all college ocenpa t ions, forty and fifty cents an hour being the usual charge. How to gel work is a practical problem. The best thing to do is to gel in touch with the Christian Association's Employment Bureau. The Secretary bag an efficient system of finding openings that a '73's Gate Paying One's Way 79 student could never find unaided. The Bureau aids fully two- thirds of the working students to find employers. Another thing: take anything offered. Don't be fussy or finicky. Then when you have undertaken a job, try to give satisfaction, not only for your own sake, but for the sake of another Pennsylvania man who will follow you. Deal squarely with the men who have em- ployed you, and you will not only get along more easily yourself, but your conduct will recommend another student to take your place when you have passed on. If you are slovenly about your work, not prompt, or untidy, or hold yourself above your position, you do the University a real injury The last word of advice to Freshmen is not to overwork. Up to a certain point working for money absorbs only spare time. More work means less leisure. Going further, you soon come to the point where you sleep and study too little. There was a Fresh- man whose deep-sunk eyes looked like burnt holes in a gray blanket. He was working himself sick on a newspaper, but he survived the final June examinations . Sophomore year matters were worse. He rashly loaded up with a heavy roster, and his outside duties demanded more and more of his time. There was but one logical outcome. His overstrained brain refused to absorb attempted cramming at mid- year's. He couldn't answer the simplest of the questions. The professor was a severe disciplinarian, but when he saw his condition he excused him from the test, took him to his office, and read the riot act on the foolishness of suicide in general, and his method in par- ticular. He said it didn't pay. It doesn't. The men who come to Phila- delphia to work their way through the University of Pennsylvania have ambition, and lots of it. But unfortunately ambition is a power- ful engine that is often unaccountably placed in a light and weak vehicle. Don't drive yourself to pieces. Don't starve yourself. Don't undersleep. Don't go too shabby. Don't narrow your Entrance to "Little Quad." 80 Pennsylvania college life to an unending grind. You will find that numbers of men who have worked their way through have been prominent athletes, debators, and college journalists. Be sane in your work, and be as well-rounded as you can. If you find that you are going "broke" on this system, borrow. If you can't borrow, leave college at the end of the term, and save up enough to come back. Remember that you are here primarily to study, to have stamped indelibly into your mind knowledge that will be your livelihood through life. You are not here primarily to work your way. Three hundred and fifty men have graduated from the Evening School in seven years beginning 1907. The average annual increase in salary over the salary earned by these men at the time of their enrollment, according to the census just completed, is twenty-three per cent. This is not a bad rate of interest on the investment in an education. Is it? Year graduation Average salary on enrollment Average salary 1913 Per cent, increase Per cent, increase per ann. 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 $1040—1904 956—1905 1003—1906 1044—1907 940—1908 807—1909 7.53—1910 $3120 3347 2700 1869 1690 1411 1480 198 250 179 79 79 96 22 31 26 13 16 1912 1913 Average annual increase 19 32 23 SHE^LTHLElR: ^HSSOCIATION. "That to keep them in Health, and to strengthen and render active their Bodies, they be frequently exercis'd in Running, Leap- ing, Wrestling, and Swimming." So wrote the Founder, Benjamin Franklin, in his "Proposals Relating to the Education of Youth in Pennsylvania," printed in the year 1749. This early recognition of the importance of physical exercise for the healthy development of youth has prompted the motto of the athletic association "Mens Sana in Corp'ore Sano" — a sound mind in a sound body — and has caused the University to see its responsi- bility in the proper direction of athletics so that the sport of the stu- , dents may not run to abuse or idleness. If there is one feature in athletic management more distinctive than another at Pennsylvania it is the enthusiastic purpose of both University administration and Athletic Association to get the largest possible number of students to take part in sports — to exercise with their friends in the open air with competitive games as an added incentive. There are sixteen games played at the University — football, base- ball, rowing, track athletics, basketball, cricket, swimming, fencing, wrestling, gymnastics, tennis, golf, shooting, Association football, Rugby football, and lacrosse. There are 'Varsity squads and Class teams in most of these, and they are directed by competent teachers; the active participants are close to a thousand men; and with the development of adjacent land along the river under control of the University, more men will undoubtedly take part. Recognizing the influence which the coach is able to exert upon a boy through his intimate contact, Pennsylvania tries to select men who share her 81 82 Pennsylvania Swimming Pool ideals in this regard and who combine a lofty character of sportsman- ship with their technical ability. These men teach all who come out to play the game for the fun of it, and encourage the graduates to help them and to mingle with the University teams. This is a gen- eral statement of Pennsylvania policy in athletics. We have always been glad to meet any rivals who we think will play a fair and sportsmanlike game with us. The pecidiar feature of the men who have represented Pennsylvania on field or water Si i; \\\ II \ r Dai Athletics 83 has been their ability to finish strong. We have had our share of great football, baseball, and track men, while the regatta of the Inter- collegiate Rowing Association at Poughkeepsie, N. Y., is the aquatic event of the year in this country. Besides this the crews have many opportunities for racing with the boat clubs on the Schuylkill and with visitors. In 1901 the Eight went to Henley and won there from the London Rowing Club and the Thames Rowing Club. We were beaten in the finals, after a hard struggle, by the famous Leander Club. In track athletics the fame of our University has been proclaimed by the winning of the Intercollegiate Championship eight times, by the large number of men we have furnished to the American Olympic The Eight Leaving Boat House teams, and by the Annual Relay Races, in which there were 1,200 college and school boy entries in 1913. The policy of large participation in athletics leads Pennsylvania to pay much attention to minor sports, so called. In most of these wc belong to an intercollegiate league, and we have had our share of success in the championships. Cricket has been played since 1843, and there have been 15 championships won in it by the University since the formation of the Intercollegiate Association in 1881. The Eleven has toured England, Ireland, Canada, and the Bermudas with great success, having the best record in England of any American side. The Director of Physical Education examines all the students and prescribes the exercise needed by each, which is taken both in 84 Pennsylvania the Gymnasium and in the open air. A certain amount of this is required, as is instruction in swimming. The actual supervision and control of athletics is vested in the University Committee on Athletics, composed of a member of the faculty from each department, two Trustees of the University, two representatives of the Athletic Association, and two undergraduates, which is directly responsible to the Trustees of the University, and in an Athletic Association, whose affairs are conducted by a Board jr ]: . ki A .?. Vj jr«>. . .,.. • ; ; ,_,,,i^ri : . / - -f~<- U*f An*. 1 WMX^^V." 1* • ' «*'">■"" . 44A-M AW * *-t-#i 7'l,A l ' " Regatta of Intercollegiate Rowing Asset iation of Directors, consisting of eight alumni and seven undergraduates. The University Committee on Athletics confines itself chiefly to de- termining the ethical and scholastic standing of a student who de- sires to represent the University on an athletic team. The Committee also exercises a supervisory power, ratifying the action of the Ath- letic Directors in the engagement of athletic coaches, the election of managers and captains of teams, etc. Except in these particulars, however, the actual conduct of athletics Is left to the alumni and students, acting through their representatives in the Athletic Associa- tion, and it is through them that the carefully guarded "1*" is .se- cured. Pennsylvania 85 MARCHING SONG By Magruder Craighead, '05 Come, all ye sons of Pennsylvania, Join in the glad refrain, We're here to cheer for Pennsylvania, Same old crowd again. The echoes with our cheers are ringing, 'Rahs and hurrahs long, While we're for Pennsylvania singing, Loud and strong. All hail, Alma Mater, Thy sons cheer thee now; To thee, Pennsylvania, all others must bow Victorious forever thy colors dear will be, Forever, forever, they'll wave in victory. Towers 86 Pennsylvania THE ALUMNI Man's craving for association in a common purpose is as old as time, and the first natural feeling of the college man is to get together with his brothers in the mellow influence of the old days. And both of these feelings are increased as we locate distantly from the center. It is the way we can best hear how things are going at the Uni- versity and the way we can hear most about the old and the new days there. It is a comfort and a joy to the newcomer in our com- munity to find such a center, and it is an example to the community of what our University stands for. So we can help our own men in various ways and plan to advance our cause immediately around us. Anything which will bind the alumni to the University by some other tie than athletics is to be acclaimed. Anything that will enable them to know how the currents and cross-currents of uni- versity life are running is of enormous benefit. The one great dis- tinction between the savage and the civilized man is that the savage has no sentiment. Our ideas of flag and country, ideas of home and parents, are the perfect flowering of beautiful sentiments, which, through the centuries of the strivings of the good, have become in- grained sentiments in the hearts of men. When a patriot thinks of his country, he thinks not merely of a vast expanse of real estate, but of its glorious past, of its founders and defenders; and its flag suggests to him the sweep of the past and the hopes of the future. That institution which does not in some way instill into its graduates an abiding love for their Alma Mater which has given them her best, has failed of its purpose, or has had pretty poor material to work upon. The late Provost Pepper founded The General Alumni Society in 1S1).> to weld all Pennsylvania men into one loyal family. It is, therefore, the battery of units by which the University and her sons are most efficiently served. Through it the college head has a valu- able medium by which to make known I lie needs and achievements of I lie instil ill ion; through il I lie alumni may assist the Trustees and I he faculty to solve some of the vexing social and educational problems I hat confront the University. The Genera] Alumni Society is a federation of all alumni of the University. It is the organized effort of Pennsylvania men for their Alma Mater and the way we bring power and efficiency to her service. There are departmental and local groups which have particular The Alumni 87 purposes, but all of the elements and groups are joined together in this Society and send representatives to its Board of Directors, which also includes a majority of Directors-at-large chosen by a mail ballot from all graduates of three years. The local clubs form the Asso- ciated Pennsylvania Clubs, and send twelve directors, while the De- partmental Societies send one for every thousand graduates of the Department. This Board of Directors manages alumni affairs, and has the privilege of nominating candidates for every third vacancy in the Board of Trustees of the University and of acting in an ad- visory capacity to them. It is divided into committees, an Executive Committee, one for each Department, and a Committee on Property and Endowment. It maintains a file of thousands of biographies and photographs of living and dead alumni, arranged alphabetically in envelopes; a card index of all alumni, names and addresses of living alumni arranged alphabetically, by classes, and again geographically. These records include 20,000 living and about 9,000 deceased Pennsylvania men. The Society sends to its members ''The Alumni Register, " a monthly illustrated review of university life, news of classes and local societies, records of athletics, literary productions, honors, and special timely articles by Pennsylvania worthies. Through it the alumni are kept posted about the University, so that they can intelligently answer inquiries and advance her interest. Through the instrumentality of this Society, sons of Pennsylvania in seventy-five localities within the United States and in foreign countries have been organized and made to feel a due sense of obliga- tion toward their Alma Mater. If you have read carefully the dis- tinguished names of those whom Pennsylvania has given to the Re- public you will at once be struck with her early cosmopolitanism, and if you glance at the list of her far-flung groups you will see the char- acteristics confirmed in the present day. Australia, Japan, France, Britain, China, India, are among them. On the Pacific Coast, the West, North, in the Middle West, New England, New York, the South — all are holding Pennsylvania dinners without regard to num- bers, but with much regard to loyal fellowship, and standing up for the Red and Blue. These are The Associated Pennsylvania Clubs which meet in annual conference in different cities of the United States. Alumni Day in the Spring brings a lot of men back, and particularly the five-year classes. The parade preceding the baseball game is 88 Pennsylvania very long, and winds its glistening and resplendent way about Frank- lin Field amid the "tumult and the shoutings" of a large throng. Bands crash and trumpets bray, and joy is unconfined. Class sup- pers, collations, and general reunions occupy the afternoon and evening. The graduate, having fed, sits within the pleasant, ivied, sweet-smelling purlieus of the Triangle, and as twilight yields to torch light, he chats with the old boys again, listens to the music, Alumni Day Parade joins in the chorus of llic old songs, and so yields himself to the senti- mental mood of old college days, and comes again. The whole scheme of affiliation, of being in touch with Alma Mater, of universal love and fellowship, if yon will, is best pn I into existence by group organization, and in this way we best gel the spirit of our University into the hearts and heads of every one of her sons. We who have gone out from Pennsylvania have found, in the larger duties of a wider horizon, thai the things which were sacred to us in college, the friends we made and the little or much education we got, are the vital things now. The things we are striving for are not any The Alumni 89 more worth while, nor are they always sweetened and uplifted by so much devotion, unselfishness, loyalty, and singleness of purpose. An English writer has said, "The idea of a university reaches far beyond a varied supply of professional training, the prodigal grant- ing of degrees, the anxious encouragement of research, and the politic performance of educational contracts. Extend the catalog of such activities as far as we please, we shall discover in the end that a uni- Alumni Day Parade versity is something more than an engine of utility or a product of organization. The essence of a university is a spirit, a principle of life and energy, and influence. And that influence must be impover- ished and robbed of efficiency if, owing to want of means, or want of ideas, or want of freedom, a university falls short of the great end of its being, that of caring for the spirit and mind of man, regardless of considerations of utility." 90 Pennsylvania THE RED AND BLUE By Harry E. Westeryelt. '98 (Music by William J. Goeckel '96) And now thro' all the years to come, In midst of toil and care, We'll get new inspiration From the colors waving there. And when to all our college life We've said our last adieu. We'll never say adieu to thee. Our colors Red and Blue. Hurrah, Hurrah, Pennsylvania, Hurrah for the Red and Blue; Hurrah, Hurrah, Hurrah, Hurrah! Hurrah for the Red and Blue! ■ight Towers Organization and Faculties m ORGANIZATION AND FACULTIES The Corporation at present consists of a board of twenty-four Trustees, with the Governor of the State of Pennsylvania, its Presi- dent, ex officio. The chief executive officer of the University is the Provost, who is charged with the direction of its work of instruction and research. PROVOST: Edgar Fahs Smith, Ph.D., Sc.D., L.H.D., LL.D. President pro tempore of the Trustees. VICE-PROVOST: Josiah Harmar Penniman, Ph.D., LL.D. CORPORATION The Trustees of the L t niversity of Pennsylvania The Governor of Pennsylvania: President ex officio. elected. 1876. Charles Custis Harrison, LL.D. 1880. Wharton Barker. 1881. Samuel Dickson, LL.D. 1886. Hon. Samuel Whitaker Pennypacker, LL.D. 1896. Morris James Lewis, Ph.D., M.D. 1896. Joseph George Rosengarten, LL.D. 1896. Randal Morgan. 1898. Samuel Frederick Houston. 1901. Joseph Levering Jones, LL.D. 1903. Robert Grier Le Conte, M.D. 1903. Joshua Bertram Lippincott. 1905. Arthur Latham Church. 1906. George Harrison Frazier. 1910. John Cadwalader, LL.D. 1910. Charles Louis Borie, Jr. 1910. Louis Childs Madeira. 1911. Edward Townsend Stotesbury. 1911. Effingham Buckley Morris. 1911. George Wharton Pepper, D.C.L., LL.D. 1911. Samuel Gibson Dixon, M.D., LL.D. 1911. Morris Lewis Clothier, LL.D. 1911. Hon. John Cromwell Bell, LL.D. 1911. James William White, M.D., Ph.D., LL.D. 1911. Richard Alex. Fullerton Penrose, Jr., Ph.D. 92 Pennsylvania THE COLLEGE (1740). Dean, Arthur H. Quinn, Ph.D.— This School comprises the following courses: Arts and Science. — Four years; A.B., and B.S. Tuition, $150. Students in the Arts and Science course may combine their course with that of Medicine so that both may be finished in seven years. In a similar way with Architecture, in six years. Music. — Four years, leading to a certificate of proficiency, and after one year to the degree of B.M. Tuition, $30. Biology. — Four years; B.S. in Biology. Two years' special course preparatory to Medicine; also another two years' special course in Biology, embracing Botany, Zoology, and Anatomy, and leading to a certificate of proficiency. Tuition, $150. College Courses for Teachers. — Courses similar to those in Arts and Science leading to degree upon completion of required number of units. Tuition, $10 per year for each hour of instruction. Summer School. — Sessions daily for six weeks, beginning the second week of July. Courses in most College subjects. Tuition, $15 for the first lecture course, and $10 for each additional course. Laboratory courses, $20 to $30. WHARTON SCHOOL OF FINANCE AND COMMERCE (1881). Dean, R. C. McCrea, Ph.D. — Four years. For men entering a business career, public service, law, or social work. B.S. in Economics. Tuition, $150. THE TOWNE SCIENTIFIC SCHOOL (1875). Dean, John Frazer, Ph.D.— Which includes the following courses: Architecture. — Four years; B.S. in Architecture. Also special two-year course for qualified architectural draftsmen; also one graduate year, leading to master's degree. Tuition, $200. Mechanical and Electrical Engineering. — Four years; B.S. in Mechanical or Electrical Engineering. Tuition, $200. Civil Engineering — Four years; B.S. in Civil Engineering. Tuition, $200. Chemistry and Chemical Engineering. — Four years; B.S. in Chemistry or B.S. in Chemical Engineering. Tuition, $200. GRADUATE SCHOOL (1884). Dean, Herman V. Ames, Ph.D.— Offers advanced instruction in the various branches of Literature and Science, leading to the degrees of M.A. and Ph.D. Twenty-six fellowships, for men, awarded annually; free tuition, and a stipend of from $500 to $800. Six fellowships, for women, granting free tuition and stipend of $200 and $225. Eight scholarships, for men, granting free tuition and $100. Also thirty University fellowships and scholarships covering tuition fees. Tuition, $12.50 per standard eourse of one week throughout the year. Maximum, $150 per year. LAW SCHOOL (1700). Dean, William Draper Lewis, Ph.D.— Course of three years, leading to the degree of LL.B. The courses are so conducted that the student may acquire not only a knowledge of the rules of law, but also the ability to deal with Corporation and Faculties 93 legal problems. The "Case System" of instruction is used. Course fits students for practice in any state. Besides the regular curriculum, the student has an opportunity to attend a number of courses on special subjects given by the members of the auxiliary teaching force. Graduates may become candidates for the degree of LL.M. Tuition, $160. MEDICINE (1765). Dean, William Pepper, M.D. — Course of four years, divided into two periods of two years each; the first period devoted to the fundamental medical sciences, Anatomy, Physiological Chemistry, Physiology, Pharmacology, and Pathology; the second period to the clinical subjects, Medicine, Surgery, Obstetrics, and the specialties. The degree of M.D. is conferred upon all graduates. The teaching staff numbers 173. The facilities for instruction both in the laboratory and clinical subjects are unexcelled in point of equipment. Tuition, $200. Courses in Public Health. — Open to graduates of Medicine, extending over one academic session and leading to degree of D.P.H. (Doctor of Public Hygiene). Tuition, $150. Courses in Tropical Medicine. — Open to graduates in Medicine; extend from open- ing of session about February 1; lead to certificate. Tuition, $150. Hospital Facilities. — The University Hospital, in which there are fourteen wards, with a total capacity of 350 beds; the University has special privileges for instruction at the Philadelphia General Hospital, which adjoins the University, and in which there are more than five thousand patients. Students' Ward. — A special ward is maintained for the care of students, only a slight charge being made for board. Training School for Nurses. — The course of instruction covers a period of three years . William Pepper Clinical Laboratory. — Devoted to graduate work for the prose- cution of minute studies in original researches. Wistar Institute. — Devoted to research work on Anatomy, and containing the W^istar and Horner Museums of Biology and Anatomy. Publishes five scientific journals. Laboratory of Hygiene. — Devoted to special research work in Hygiene and Bac- teriology. The Phipps Institute. — For the Study, Prevention, and Treatment of Tuberculosis. Offers exceptional opportunity for observation along special lines. Laboratory of Research Medicine. — Devoted to research in Medicine. DENTISTRY (1878). Dean, Edward C. Kirk, D.D.S., Sc.D— Course of three years. The laboratory method of instruction forms an important part of the training, not only in the practical dental branches, but in the elementary scientific subjects of Chemistry, Anatomy, Physiology, and Bacteriology, etc. The degree of D.D.S. is con- ferred upon graduates. Tuition, $150. A Post-graduate Course in Dentistry, extending over one year, is open to graduates in Dentistry. VETERINARY MEDICINE (1884). Dean, Louis A. Klein, V.M.D.— Three years, and leading to the degrees of Y.M.D.; qualifies graduates for general practice, for Federal, State, and Municipal inspection of meat and milk, and for investigation of Veterinary problems and for teaching. Tuition, $100. 94 Pennsylvania EVENING SCHOOL OF ACCOUNTS AND FINANCE (1903). Three years, leading to a certificate. Tuition, $65. Administrative Officers Edward Robins, A.M., Secretary William H. Hutt, Jr., Treasurer George E. Nitzsche, LL.B., Recorder William O. Miller, A.B., Bursar REQUIREMENTS FOR ADMISSION The College Arts and Science or The College Courses for Teachers, A. B. Degree English 3 units History 1 Math. A 1 " C 1 Greek 3 Latin 3 Electives 1 Arts and Science or The College Courses for Teachers, B. S. Degree English 3 units History 1 Math. A \y 2 " " C 1 " Two Foreign Languages. . . . 4-6 Electives 4-2 " Biology English 3 units History 1 " Math. A \y 2 " " C 1 " Foreign Lan- guages 2 " Electives 6 " Total 14}^ units Total 14>£ units Total 14^ units Towne Scientific School Architecture English History Math. A *« C " D Physics A French A or German A Electives CM., M.E., Ch.E., or Chemistry 3 1 units English History Math. A " C " D " E " F Physics A French A or German A. 3 units 1 IK 1 1 0* Total 14^ units Electives 4>£ Total 14J4 units The Wharton School of Finance and Commerce English 3 units History Math. A 1 " 1 V 2 " " C Foreign Language. . . 1 " 2 " Electives 6 u Total It 1 1 units •Math. E is require) , unless P is offer© , bin no credit is given. Entrance Requirements 95 Evening School of Accounts and Finance Applicants for admission must be at least eighteen years of age. If over eighteen years and less than twenty-one years, they must have pursued a preparatory course equivalent to three years in a recognized high school or preparatory school. For candi- dates over twenty-one years of age who have not pursued such a preparatory course of study, an amount of business experience and general knowledge sufficient in character and extent to satisfy the Committee on Admissions of their fitness to pursue the course will be required. Each application of this class will be given separate consideration. Graduate School Students desiring to enter the Graduate School must present themselves in person to the Dean. Any person holding a baccalaureate degree in Arts, Letters, Philosophy, or in Pure or Applied Science, granted by the University of Pennsylvania, or by any college or university whose degrees are recognized by this University, will be admitted as a regular student by the Dean, provided he be found prepared to undertake the graduate work selected. Degrees in Law, Music, Theology, Medicine, Dentistry, Veterinary Medicine, or Pharmacy are not included. Admission to the Graduate School does not necessarily imply candi- dacy for a degree, but does imply that the student possesses the ability to pursue with profit the work he undertakes. Students already registered as candidates for a degree in other departments of the University are allowed to pursue courses in the Graduate School, and regular students of the Graduate School are allowed to pursue courses in other departments, upon receiving the consent in writing of the Deans of the departments concerned. All candidates for higher degrees are required to spend at least one year in residence at this University. Law School All applications for admission must be made to William Draper Lewis, Dean, south- west corner of Thirty-fourth and Chestnut Streets. The requirements are as follows: Any applicant of twenty years of age or upwards, holding the degree of Bachelor of Arts or its equivalent from a recognized college or university, will be admitted as a regu- lar student. Any applicant of twenty years of age or upwards, who has satisfied the preliminary examination of the State Board of Law Examiners in the State in which he expects to practice, provided said examination is equivalent to the examination for admission into the Freshman class of a college in good standing, will be admitted as a regular student. Applicants who are college graduates, coming from states where the State Board of Law Examiners do not give examinations which are the equivalent of college entrance examinations, in order to be admitted, must be at least twenty years of age, and must satisfy the requirements for admission to the Freshman class of the College of this Uni- versity. Candidates will be furnished by the Dean with a blank form of application for admission. Admission on College Diplomas.— Whether the baccalaureate degree from a particular college will admit depends on the standing of the institution and the course taken by the applicant. Each case is considered separately. 96 Pennsylvania School of Medicine The usual college entrance requirements of 14 Yi units, as explained in detail below. Two years of college work or its equivalent in case of students presenting credentials from a foreign country aggregating not less than 30 units including courses in Physics, Chemistry, and General Biology or Zoology, with appropriate laboratory work. Admission by Certificate. — Certificates from recognized colleges, covering these require- ments, will be accepted in lieu of examinations. All the certificates should be transmitted to the Dean of the Medical Faculty as early as possible in June for decision in early summer. Admissio?i by Examination. — Candidates who are unable to meet these requirements in whole, or in part, by certificate, may apply for examinations in the subjects in which they are deficient. Such applications should be made to the Dean of the College of this University. School of Dentistry The minimum educational standard for unconditioned matriculation is 60 counts, based upon the subjects specified below or upon the equivalent of these counts in high school subjects attested by certificates or diplomas issued by approved high schools or literary colleges. Applicants may be admitted upon a minimum of 45 counts upon the condition that 15 additional counts shall be made up before entrance upon the second year of the course. An applicant whose credentials do not fully meet the requirements outlined above, or who does not pass the entrance examinations with a percentage of 70 in every subject, may be admitted on condition that he make up the required work in any branch or branches (not exceeding 15 counts) as specified below. ENTRANCE SUBJECTS Counts. Counts. 4 First Year English. 2 Trigonometry. 3 Grammar, Rhetoric, and English Read- 5 Physics. ing. 5 Chemistry. 5 First Year Latin. 5 American History and Civics. 5 Latin Grammar, and Caesar (four books). -2 History of Greece and Rome. 5 First Year German, French, or Spanish. 3 European History. 2 Advanced Arithmetic (including Met- 3 English History. ric System and Mensuration). $.14 Elementary Botany. 5 Algebra through Quadratics. 2J^ Elementary Zoology. 2 Intermediate Algebra. S Advanced Drawing. 5 Plane Geometry. --' Shopwork (in Manual Training School); 2 Solid Geometry. second year (2). Veterinary Medicine Candidates who have received a collegiate degree, or who have passed the matricu- late examination of a recognized college, or who hold a certificate covering the require- ments stated below, from a recognized normal or high school, are admitted without ex- amination. Calendar 97 Other candidates for admission are required: (1) to write an essay of about three hun- dred words, as a test of Orthography and Grammar; (2) to pass examinations in Arith- metic, United States History, Geography of the United States and its possessions, and Elementary Physics (Carhart and Chute, or Gage) covering the following topics: (1) Mechanics of Solids (Dynamics); (2) Mechanics of Fluids; (3) Heat, thermometry; (4) Light, nature and propagation, reflection, refraction, lenses, dispersion, color; (5) Metric measures of length, surface, capacity, mass. Graduates of approved Veterinary Schools requiring three years' attendance of not less than eight months each, may enter the third year without examination. Students who have attended one or more sessions in an approved Veterinary School will be al- lowed credit for time, but must pass an examination upon entrance. Graduates of recognized Colleges of Pharmacy are admitted to the first year without entrance examination; and, on passing examinations in General Chemistry, Materia Medica, and Pharmacy, are excused from attending lectures in those branches, and from performing the corresponding practical work in the Chemical and Pharmaceutical laboratories. Beginning with the session of 1914-15, the entrance requirements will be two years of high school work, covering at least eight units, as follows: English at least 2, algebra at least 2, history 1, other subjects 3. Candidates for admission who cannot present high school certificates will be required to pass examinations in English, algebra, history, physics, and one language, French, German, or Latin. THE UNIVERSITY'S CALENDAR Sessions of the University begin by statute on the last Friday of September and last until Commencement, on the third Wednesday of the following June, with the usual recess at Thanksgiving, Christ- mas, and Easter. SCHOLARSHIPS There are 171 scholarships open to undergraduates in the College, the Towne Scientific School, or the Wharton School of Finance and Commerce. All candidates for scholarships must present themselves for the usual entrance examination, excepting those who may be admitted on satisfactory diplomas granted by public high or normal schools. No award of scholarships will be made until after the entrance examinations in June. Only such persons will be eligible for scholar- ships as have been admitted without conditions in June preceding the opening of the year for which the scholarships are sought. Hold- ers of scholarships who incur conditions forfeit their scholarships. All candidates for these scholarships (except those awarded by the City of Philadelphia and the Philadelphia Board of Public Edu- 98 Pennsylvania Thomas Penn House, Dormitories University's Finances 99 cation) must transmit their applications and credentials to the Pro- vost on or before the 15th day of May preceding the opening of the academic year in which they desire to enter. Two scholarships are awarded by the Governor of the Common- wealth, fifty by the Philadelphia Board of Education, seventy-five by the Mayor of the City, and there are forty-four privately endowed. These scholarships are filled as vacancies occur each year. In the Graduate School there are thirty-eight scholarships and forty-four fellowships, for which application is made to the Dean. In the Law School, the faculty grant three scholarships in each class, and there are one hundred and twenty-five publicly endowed as in the College. There are four fellowships. There are three scholarships in Medi- cine. In Dentistry there are two University scholarships and the same one hundred and twenty-five publicly endowed which have been mentioned elsewhere. These city scholarships are also open in the School of Veterinary Medicine in addition to the twelve awarded by the Governor of the Commonwealth. There are two fellowships in Public Hygiene. In all departments there are very many prizes offered by alumni and benefactors. In 1912-13 the University gave 612 scholarships, worth $92,000. THE UNIVERSITY'S FINANCES The report of the Treasurer for 1913 shows that the University grounds and buildings are valued at $ 9,492,329 Books, Collections, Apparatus, and Furniture at 2,515,447 Thus, although the University endowment is. . . . 18,659,896 only a small part yields an income, the remainder being a financial burden for up-keep. The Administration Accounts for this Year Show: The income from tuition $ 541,098 From fees and charges — Dormitories, Gym- nasium, etc 202,729 From invested funds applicable this year 195,820 Making a total income of 939,647 As the expenditures for the year were 1,290,334 it will be readily seen that there is an administration deficit of more than $350,000, which must be made up by state appropriation or private support. 100 Pennsylvania STATEMENT OF COMPARATIVE REGISTRATION Department. 1913-1914 Gain Arts and Science 346 Biology 63 Music 26 College Courses for Teachers 699 Summer School 865 Total College 1999 299 (net) Architecture 259 Chemistry 55 Chemical Engineering 110 Civil Engineering 192 Mechanical and Electrical Engineering 300 Total Towne Scientific School 961 14 (net) Wharton School 780 Evening School 650 Extension courses ( Wilkes- Barre) 185 Extension courses (Scranton) 194 Total Wharton School 1809 637 Graduate School 438 Law School 381 Medical School 283 Hygiene 9 Dental School 584 Dental Graduate School 5 Veterinary 125 6549 110 Less Duplications 202 6347 1060 (net) Student Statistics 101 STUDENT DISTRIBUTION, 1913-14 Alabama 20 Arkansas 1 California 23 Colorado 12 Connecticut 87 Delaware 67 District of Columbia 38 Florida 10 Georgia 20 Idaho 28 Illinois 24 Indiana 41 Iowa 22 Kansas 8 Kentucky 9 Louisiana 5 Maine 20 Maryland 90 Massachusetts 70 Michigan 16 Minnesota 34 Mississippi 3 Missouri 16 Montana 13 Nebraska 11 New Hampshire 9 New Jersey 521 New Mexico 1 New York 383 North Carolina 35 North Dakota 2 Ohio 87 Oklahoma 1 Oregon 6 Rhode Island 11 South Carolina 7 South Dakota 5 Tennessee 10 Texas 11 Utah 10 Vermont 10 Virginia 32 Washington 23 West Virginia 17 Wisconsin 26 Wyoming 1 Pennsylvania : Miscellaneous 19 Adams 16 Allegheny 63 Bedford 4 Berks 76 Blair 18 Bradford 18 Bucks 54 Butler 4 Cambria 19 Cameron 1 Carbon 10 Center 6 Chester 117 Clarion 3 Clearfield 8 Clinton 6 Columbia 7 Crawford 4 Cumberland 6 Dauphin 27 Delaware 230 Elk 7 Erie 20 Fayette 15 Forest 1 Franklin 10 Fulton 2 Greene 7 Huntingdon 4 Indiana 1 Jefferson 6 Juniata 3 Lackawanna 228 Lancaster 33 Lawrence 9 Lebanon 21 Lehigh 19 Luzerne 239 Lycoming 19 McKean 4 Mercer 6 Mifflin 2 Monroe 4 Montgomery 219 102 Pennsylvania Northampton 18 Northumberland 19 Perry 3 Pike 1 Schuylkill 25 Snyder 3 Somerset 2 Sullivan 3 Susquehanna 8 Tioga 8 Union 1 Venango 8 Warren 13 Washington 8 Wayne 3 Westmoreland 20 Wyoming 5 York 18 Australia 16 British Guiana 1 Jamaica, W. 1 9 Trinidad, W. 1 2 Canada 9 England 5 India 3 New Zealand 3 Scotland 2 South Africa 2 Argentine Republic 5 Brazil 24 Colombia 9 Costa Rica 3 Cuba 11 Ecuador 4 Guatamala 7 Honduras 1 Mexico 15 Panama 5 Peru 4 Philippines 3 Porto Rico 10 Salvador 5 Armenia 1 Austria 1 China 18 Egypt 5 France 10 Germany 8 Greece 2 Hawaii 1 Holland 2 Italy 3 Japan 5 Korea 1 Persia 1 Poland 2 Portugal 1 Roumania 4 Russia 1 Spain 3 Sweden 1 Switzerland 8 Syria 1 Turkey 3 THE GENERAL ALUMNI SOCIETY, 1913-14 Organized 12th June, 1895. Telephone " Walnut 109G. " Incorporated 21st June, 1897. Publishers of The Alumni Register. 704 Hale Building, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. PRESIDENT. William A. REDDING, '76 L. VICE-PRESIDENTS. Henri Laussat Geyelin, '77 C, '79 L. Hon. Francis S. McIlhenny, '95 C, '98 I TREASURER. SECRETARY Charles S. W. Packard, 'so < '. Horace M. Lippincott, '!»t (' Alumni Officers 103 THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS At-Large Wm. Campbell Posey, '86 C, '89 M., Murdoch Kendrick, '93 C, '96 L. Isaac A. Penntpacker, '02 C, '08 L. Henry W. Moore, '82 C, '98 L. Harry C. Adams, '80 C. Oborn G. L. Lewis, '04 D. Samuel H. Gilliland, '01 V., '04 M. Henry Laussat Geyelin, '77 C, '79 L. Hon. Francis S. McIlhenny, '95 C, '98 L Horace M. Lippincott, '97 C. Thos. W. Hulme, '89 B.S., '90 C.E. J. Somers Smith, Jr., '87 C. Wm. M. Stewart, Jr., '79 C , '81 L. Wm. S. Ashbrook, '87 C. John Cadwalader, Jr., '93 C, '97 L. Thomas S. Gates, '93 C, '96 L. Louis Foster Kack, '84 M., '85 D. Otto C. Wolf, '76 C. J. Gurney Taylor, '95 M. Samuel T. Wagner, '81 C. Frank P. Prichard, '74 L. Edward L. Duer, '60 M. Wm. J. Serrill, '83 C. Edward G. McCollin, '78 C, '80 L. Henry W. Thorton, '94 C. George M. Coates, '94 C, '97 M. Edward Miller Jefferys, '86 C. J. Norman Henry, '93 C, '95 M. George Clymer Stout, '91 M. Hon. Charles F. Gummey, '84 C, '88 L. H. S. Prentiss Nichols, '79 C. Ewing Jordan, '68 C, '71 M. Lewis H. Adler, Jr., '88 M. Walter E. Rex, '75 L. Hon. Wm. C. Ferguson, '85 L. Arthur Newlin, '95 C, '99 M. Departmental. Thomas B. Prichett, '78 C. John Blakeley, '95 C. William J. Taylor, '82 M. George Morris Piersol, M. M. Howard Fussell, '84 M. Coleman Sellers, Jr., '73 E. George S. Webster, '75 E. John Reichel, '06 V. Walter H. Thomas, '99 A. Joseph W. Lippincott, '08 C. J. Williamson Ziegler, '86 C. George Henderson, '96 L. Lewis L. Smith, '86 L. Luther M. Weaver, '88 D. Elon Kanaga, '03 D. Victor S. Jones, '85 D. P. Frailey Wells, '81 P. John L. Haney, '01 G. Associated Pennsylvania Clubs. Dr. James G. McKay, '95 M. Washington, Hugh Ogden, '90 C, Boston, Mass. D.C. DarrellH. Smith, '11 C, Pittsburgh, Pa. Dr. Charles W. Kollock, '81 M., Charles- ton, S. C. Carl L. Hecht, '14 W., St. Louis, Mo. Park M. French, '14 T., Denver, Col. Dr. Henry LaMotte, 89 M., Seattle, Wash. Harry P. Joslyn, '97 W., '98 L., Wilming- ton, Del. Charles A. Upson, '00 C, Lockpcrt, N. Y Rev. James D. Steele, '84 C, '86 L.. Passaic, N. J. Harry Bowers Mingle, '99 W., New York, N. Y. Percy C. Stuart, '97 T., Rye, N. Y HI 2 l i i i I- if) o < Z a 3 *C U Ij I 3 U Z Z — cvi rO 'j O (0 K If & PRESS OF STEINMAN & FOLTZ LANCASTLR. PA.