Natural History Surv«y Library BIOLOGICAL REPORT 88(26.7) MAY 1988 NATIONAL LIST OF PLANT SPECIES THAT OCCUR IN WETLANDS: SOUTHWEST (REGION 7) Fish and Wildlife Service In Cooperation with the National and Regional Interagency Review Panels U.S. Department of the Interior UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LIBRARY AT UPBAIMA CMAMPAIGN NAT. HIST. SURV. UNIVERSITY LIBRARY UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN The person charging this material is responsible for its renewal or return to the library on or before the due date. The minimum fee for a lost item is $125.00, $300.00 for bound journals. Theft, mutilation, and underlining of books are reasons for disciplinary action and may result in dismissal from the University. Please note: self-stick notes may result in torn pages and lift some inks. Renew via the Telephone Center at 217-333-8400, 846-262-1510 (toll-free) orcirclib@uiuc.edu. Renew online by choosing the My Account option at: http://www.library.uiuc.edu/catalog/ Biological Report 88(26.7) May 1988 Supersedes WELUT-86/W13.02 NATIONAL LIST OF PLANT SPECIES THAT OCCUR IN WETLANDS: SOUTHWEST (REGION 7) by Porter B. Reed, Jr. National Ecology Research Center U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Suite 101, Monroe Building 9720 Executive Center Drive St. Petersburg, FL 33702 for National Wetlands Inventory U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service In cooperation with the National and Regional Interagency Review Panels: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service U.S. Army Corps of Engineers U.S. Environmental Protection Agency U.S. Soil Conservation Service U.S. Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service Research and Development Washington, DC 20240 DEDICATION The National List of Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands is respectfully dedicated to Neil Hotchkiss and Francis M. Uhler, who made this work possible by their contributions to wetland botany and ecology. These two scientists focused their long and productive careers on the study of wetlands long before our current emphasis on wetland systems began. They aided in producing the Fish and Wildlife Service's first wetland classification system, developed initial lists and guidebooks to the wetland plants of the United States, and produced many studies on the ecology and management of wetlands and their value to wildlife. It is my sincere pleasure and humble gratitude to acknowledge the dependence of this current work on their long and untiring efforts. Suggested citation: Reed, P.B., Jr. 1988. National list of plant species that occur in wetlands: Southwest (Region 7). U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 88(26.7). 71 pp. CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS i v INTRODUCTION 1 DEVELOPMENT OF THE CURRENT LIST 2 REVIEW PANELS AND REVIEW PROCESS 4 COMPOSITION OF THE LISTS 7 DIGITAL DATA BASE AVAILABILITY 13 REGIONAL INDICATORS 14 TRINOMIALS 41 SYNONYMY 43 LITERATURE CITED 63 APPENDIXES A. Review Procedure 64 B. Instructions for Completing the Review Sheet for Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands 65 C. Review Sheet for Plant Species That Occur in Wetl ands 66 D. Interagency Review Panel Members and Regional Revi ewers 67 in ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The National List of Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands (hereafter referred to as the National List ) is the result of the collective efforts of a large number of dedicated biologists. Special recognition and thanks are extended to the many people who contributed to the successful completion of this project. The National Wetlands Inventory, especially John Montanari and William Wilen, provided the funding and administrative support necessary for the development of the National List and coordination of the review effort. The other Federal agencies, especially William Sipple, John Meagher, and Dave Davis of the Environmental Protection Agency, Robert Pierce, Richard Macomber, and Dana Sanders of the Corps of Engineers, and Billy Teels and Carl Thomas of the Soil Conservation Service, provided much needed funding to aid development of the Annotated National Wetland Plant Species Data Base and technical support through their agency biologists' participation in the review effort. Special recognition and appreciation is extended to Lewis Cowardin who conceived the need for the National List , supervised the compilation of the initial draft list, and provided invaluable advice and direction during the initial phase of the project. The contribution of the authors of the almost 300 regional and State floras and regional wetland manuals used in compiling the Annotated National Wetland Plant Species Data Base is gratefully acknowledged. The development of the National List was greatly facilitated by the dedicated staff who contributed over 50 person years to compile the Annotated National Wetland Plant Species Data Base. This data base provided a solid information base from which the National List was derived. This staff included Karen E. Amidei, James G. Armstrong, Sheryl A. Brenner, Steven I. Candileri, Mark A. Charneski, Diana Fry, Thomas B. Gunter, Lillian A. Gustafson, Iris A. Kendall, Mary E. Klee, Annie L. Kosvanec, David R. Lindsey, Stephen Mortellaro, Kent A. Moyer, Laura E. Pittman, Donald R. Richardson, Richard N. Rowse, Angela F. Salem, Deana Ulmer, Sheri A. Ulrich, Sandra M. Upchurch, Diane Wallace, Debora L. Wegner, August M. Wooten and Kevin R. Youngberg. This landmark effort to collect much of the taxonomic and ecological information about wetland plants into a textual computer data base was a protracted and extremely tedious task. It was truly a pleasure to work with such a productive and conscientious group. A special debt is owed to the regional ecologists who so generously gave of their time and experience in reviewing the lists. Their review helped to refine the information presented in the botanical manuals and in many cases provided the only and often best description of the ecology of many plant species. The iv Nationa l List would not be as accurate and complete if it were not for the enormous amount of review so generously provided by the regional reviewers. State distributions and common names provided by John Kartesz from unpublished data bases allowed the production of accurate State lists and common name assignments for almost all species. The high quality and completeness of the Nationa l List is in large part due to the data provided by John Kartesz from the Biota of North America Program. The composition and pleasing format of the lists is largely due to the computer skills of Jill Muhlenbruck and Gregor Auble of the National Ecology Research Center. The contributions of the many National and regional review panel members is gratefully acknowledged. These biologists represented their agencies in a technically competent and thoroughly professional manner. The strength of the Regional lists and Indicator assignments is largely due to the diverse background of the review panel members and a firm desire by all to make the process work. The unswerving resolve and determination displayed by all the review panels to complete each phase of the task during the itiarathon regional review panel meetings was truly inspiring. Well over 200 weeks of staff time was contributed by the review panel members. It has been a pleasure to coordinate this effort and to work so closely with so many dedicated and professional biologists. The credit and recognition for the completion of this task applies equally to all who contributed so much. As compiler, I must necessarily take the responsibility for any transcription errors which may have occurred during the production of this report. The extensive use of the National List has made the entire effort professionally satisfying for all who have contributed. Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2013 http://archive.org/details/nationallistofpl07reed INTRODUCTION The National List of Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands (hereafter referred to as the National List ) represents the combined efforts of many biologists over the last decade to define the wetland flora of the United States. The National List has undergone a number of revisions based on intensive review by regional ecologists. National, regional, and State lists are being distributed to provide users with the most current information. We welcome and encourage modification and improvement of the National List . Refinement of the National List will occur continually, reflecting increased knowledge in Indicator assignments, taxonomy, and geographic distribution. We anticipate that further refinement of the National List will lead to additional infra-specific and subregional Indicator assignments. Review documents and procedures are included with the National List to aid and encourage additional review (Appendix A). The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service initially developed the National List in order to provide an appendix to the Classification of Wetlands and Deepwater Habitats of the United States (Cowardin et al . 1979) to assist in the field identification of wetlands. Plant species that occur in wetlands as used in the National List are defined as species that have demonstrated an ability (presumably because of morphological and/or physiological adaptations and/or reproductive strategies) to achieve maturity and reproduce in an environment where all or portions of the soil within the root zone become, periodically or continuously, saturated or inundated during the growing season (adapted from Huffman 1981). The development of the National List changed significantly when a cooperative review effort was established by the major Federal agencies involved in wetland identification and management. The utility of the National List goes far beyond a simple catalog of wetland plants. The Fish and Wildlife Service, in cooperation with North Carolina State University, has produced a weighted average procedure for using the wetland Indicator assignments of individual species to assist in determining the probability that a community is a wetland (Wentworth and Johnson 1986). This procedure is used by the Soil Conservation Service to aid in the determination of wetlands included under the conservation provisions of the Food Security Act of 1985. The Fish and Wildlife Service, Army Corps of Engineers, Environmental Protection Agency, and Soil Conservation Service use the National List to aid in identifying wetlands falling under their various wetland program responsibilities. Wetland identification manuals which incorporate the National List have recently been produced by the Corps of Engineers (Environmental Laboratory 1987) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (Sipple 1988). DEVELOPMENT OF CURRENT LIST The Fish and Wildlife Service recognized that accessory lists of hydrophytes {plant species that occur in wetlands) and hydric soils would need to be developed to apply the wetland classification system accurately and consistently in the field. The scientific names of the plant species included in the major wetland plant lists and manuals were collected and merged into a single computerized list with those species on the National List of Scientific Plant Names (U.S. Department of Agriculture 1971) that had emergent, floating, or submergent life forms. This initial list of 1,626 species, completed in March 1976, was obviously incomplete, and was especially deficient in plant species from the western United States and the Alaska, Caribbean, and Hawaii regions. Dr. Donovan Correll, Fairchild Tropical Garden, Miami, Florida, reviewed this initial list in 1977 and suggested many additional species for inclusion. Dr. Correll 's additions were combined with the initial list, and a draft list of 4,235 species was developed in 1977. This draft list, although plagued by problems of plant nomenclature and synonymy, was remarkably complete, considering the small amount of time which had been spent on its development. Review and refinement of this draft list has continued since 1977. Initial tasks were to maintain and improve computer storage and retrieval of the draft list information, align the listed species with a national taxonomic treatment, and subdivide the species according to their fidelity to wetlands. The importance of the development of an accurate National List of Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands to the Federal community and the need to substantiate the occurrence of these plant species in wetlands from the botanical literature led the Fish and Wildlife Service to begin development of the Annotated National Wetland Plant Species Data Base. This textual data base documents the taxonomy, distribution, and ecology of each species based on a synthesis of almost 300 National and regional wetland plant and botanical manuals representing the major State and regional floras. Computer storage of the Annotated National Wetland Plant Species Data Base allowed for the efficient maintenance of the initial National List and creation of early draft regional subdivisions of the National List . Data collection for the Annotated National Wetland Plant Species Data Base for all plant species was completed in 1987, but incorporation of this information into a single data base on the National Wetlands Inventory minicomputer remains to be accomplished. The species data base is presently stored on a microcomputer. Information on the data base and preliminary species listings or data reports from the Annotated National Wetland Plant Species Data Base can be obtained from the National Wetlands Inventory, St. Petersburg, Florida. The Soil Conservation Service, through a contract to the Smithsonian Institution, produced a revised National List of Scientific Plant Names in 1982 (U.S. Department of Agriculture 1982.) This national treatment provided a standard nomenclature for the National List of Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands , supplied a listing of synonyms linked to the accepted names, and updated the regional distribution of each species. The Soil Conservation Service list was selected as the taxonomic standard in order to facilitate the eventual correlation of the National List of Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands with the Hvdric Soils of the United States (U.S. Department of Agriculture 1987). Copies of the National List of Scientific Plant Names (1982) are available from the State offices of the Soil Conservation Service. A wetland fidelity rating system was created during the initial development of the Annotated National Wetland Plant Species Data Base. Early coding of verbatim habitat from the botanical manuals for a wide variety of plant species indicated that an obvious separation of obligate (restricted to wetlands) and facultative (not restricted to wetlands) species could be made. Further refinement led to subdivision of the facultative category into three subcategories, with a range of percent occurrences in wetland versus nonwetland applied to each subcategory to enhance user understanding and consistent application. The ecological information obtained from the botanical manuals during data collection for the development of the Annotated National Wetland Plant Species Data Base led to the identification and addition to the National List of many additional species for which at least one manual reported the species occurring in an obvious wetland site. The National List had increased as a result of this process to 5,244 species in 1982, 6,042 species in 1986, and presently is composed of 6,728 plant species. REVIEW PANELS AND REVIEW PROCESS The desire of the Federal agencies involved in wetland identification and delineation for a Federal list of plant species that Occur in Wetlands led to the suggestion by the Fish and Wildlife Service that a review process be established similar to that developed to review the Hvdric Soils of the United States (U.S. Department of Agriculture 1987). In early 1983, the Fish and Wildlife Service formally requested that the Army Corps of Engineers, Environmental Protection Agency, and Soil Conservation Service participate cooperatively in an interagency review and development of a National List of Plant Species that Occur in Wetlands. Each agency nominated staff wetland ecologists with a strong background in wetland botany to a National Interagency Review Panel. Two organizational meetings were held in the summer of 1983 to determine the responsibilities and goals of the National and Regional Interagency Review Panels and the structure of the review process. The four Federal agencies also nominated staff wetland ecologists to represent them on each of the Regional Review Panels. Selection and appointment of the Regional Interagency Review Panel representatives was completed by each agency by the spring of 1984. All four agencies have been represented on most Review Panels, with some change in agency representatives occurring through the years. Initial organizational meetings for all the conterminous United States Regional Interagency Review Panels were held in 1984. The regional review process was discussed, and review materials were developed. Potential reviewers, principally field botanists and ecologists associated with State and Federal agencies and universities, were identified for each region, and the responsibility for contacting the potential regional reviewers was partitioned among the Review Panel members. Regional reviewers were contacted during the summer and fall of 1984 to determine if they could review the list and return their review comments by the winter of 1984-85. Regional reviewers were sent the most current copy of the regional list (dated September 1982) during the summer and fall of 1984. The Regional review lists contained, for many species, a tentative Indicator assignment developed from the data collected for the Annotated National Wetland Plant Species Data Base. All the Regional Review Panels met during the spring of 1985 to consider the review provided by the regional ecologists. A total of 142 ecologists and botanists from across the country initially reviewed the 1982 lists. The number of reviewers varied from 10 to 30 per region. Regional reviewers assigned a wetland Indicator to as many species as possible, based upon their field experience, using Cowardin et al . (1979) for the definition of a wetland. The Regional Interagency Review Panels examined the Indicator assignments suggested by each reviewer and any additional supporting documentation which reviewers provided. Each of the Regional Review Panel members independently synthesized the review received and developed a regional Indicator assignment for each species based upon all the regional review and information gathered about the species. The tentative Indicator assignment developed from the Annotated National Wetland Plant Species Data Base often was regarded as the equivalent of a regional reviewer's assignment and was given the same status or weight in Review Panel deliberations. The Regional Review Panel collectively considered Indicator assignments for each species made by each agency panel member and, with each agency having one vote, attempted to achieve unanimous agreement on a Regional Indicator assignment. The plus (+) and minus (-) designations, specifying respectively the higher or lower part of the frequency range for a particular Indicator, were used by some Review Panels as a means of achieving interagency agreement. The number of reviewers for each species varied considerably, and each reviewer was generally given the same weight by a Review Panel. The number of reviewers commenting on individual species varied, depending on the distribution of the species across the region. Particular species ranged from 20 review comments to only a single review, and in some cases received no review. Review reflecting a wide range of suggested Indicators was received for some species. This broad range of suggested Indicators for these species was difficult to synthesize and blend into a single Indicator status. These species were given an NA (no agreement) assignment if the Review Panel could not reach a unanimous decision. Unreviewed species were assigned an NI (no indicator) assignment if the Review Panel had little or no information on which to base an Indicator status. The National Review Panel met in July 1985 to review progress, to examine the Indicator assignments for consistency across regions, and to develop a procedure for the assignment of an Indicator to as many unassigned species as possible. National, regional, and State lists of plant species that Occur in Wetlands were produced in the spring of 1986, and were distributed widely. The Regional Review Panels met during the summer and fall of 1986 to apply an Indicator assignment to as many remaining unassigned species as possible. The Review Panels principally relied on additional review received from former and new reviewers, the habitat information recorded in the Annotated National Wetland Plant Species Data Base, or examination of the habitat given in selected regional manuals if the Species Data Base information was not available, to assign a regional Indicator status. An asterisk {*) was assigned by the Regional Review Panels to Indicators derived from limited ecological information. The asterisk reflected a tentative assignment made with less confidence and data than the other Indicator assignments. Usually no review was received from regional ecologists for these asterisked species. A question mark (?) following a National Indicator denoted a tentative Indicator assignment assigned by the compiler and not confirmed by Regional Interagency Review Panel concurrence. The 1986 National Wetland Plant List - Regional Indicator Compilation (Reed 1986) reported the status of the review process. The National Review Panel reexamined the review process and current list in 1986 and directed the Regional Panels to complete the review of the regional lists. The Regional Review Panels met during the spring and summer of 1987 to complete the initial assignment of as many unassigned species remaining on the regional lists as possible. The Review Panels also considered species suggested for addition by reviewers. Additional Regional Indicator assignments and changes to previous assignments were made based on new review received from reviewers, ecological information from the Annotated National Wetland Plant Species Data Base, or information from botanical manuals. The task of the Regional Interagency Review Panels was to interpret and synthesize reviewers' comments and the range of habitat descriptions given for each species by the various authors of the botanical manuals into a single wetland Indicator category for their regions. There was an overwhelming similarity of independent Indicator assignments made by both the reviewers, based on their field experience, and the Regional Review Panel members, based on the habitat expressed in the botanical literature. This repeatability of Indicator assignments derived in a variety of ways by ecologists with a wide variety of backgrounds confirmed that the Indicators were both reproducible and defensible. The Regional Review Panels were able to assign, with the highest degree of confidence. Indicators to those species which had been reviewed by a number of regional reviewers and also had a large literature base. The comparability of the Indicator designations is also demonstrated by the large number of species (6,114 species, 91% of the species assigned an Indicator) that were assigned only a single Indicator or a narrow range of Indicators by the independently functioning Regional Review Panels. An analysis of the National Indicator range shows that 483 species (7%) were assigned an NI (no indicator), and 675 species (10%) have a question mark following the Indicator. The question mark signifies a tentative assignment. An analysis of the Regional Indicators for all regions shows that an * was added to 729 Regional Indicators and an NA was assigned to 28 species. The National List of Plant Species that Occur in Wetlands represents our progress to date and is provided both for current use and as a base for future revisions. COMPOSITION OF THE LISTS The National, regional, and State lists are reported in a variety of formats. All of the lists are initially arranged alphabetically by scientific name followed by a second list, also alphabetical by scientific name, of those species with infra-specific (subspecies, variety, or form) Indicator assignments. A third list, alphabetic by scientific name, provides a list of synonyms related to the equivalent accepted name shown in the alphabetical scientific name list. The State lists also contain a fourth compilation, following the synonymy report, of the species found in each State, alphabetized by common name and subdivided into eight separate lists by life form (trees, shrubs, vines, forbs, grasses, grasslikes [sedges and rushes], ferns and allies, and aquatics). Nomenclature and distribution follow the National List of Scientific Plant Names (1982) except as modified by State distribution data from an unpublished plant species geographic data base (Kartesz). Epiphytic (e.g., mistletoes and some orchids) and nonrooted species (e.g., dodder) were excluded from the National List because their roots were respectively either never exposed to ground-level soil conditions or were not in existence during all or part of the plant's life span. The current National List contains only vascular plants, but a companion list of Bryophytes (mosses and liverworts) that occur in wetlands is being developed to further define the wetland flora of the United States. The Algae have also been excluded from the current list. Listings of the members of the National and appropriate Regional Interagency Review Panels and the regional reviewers are included at the end of each list (Appendix D) . Not all categories listed below are displayed in each National, regional, or State report. The National alphabetical scientific name list is reported by SCI-NAME, NAT-IND, RIIND, R2IND, R3IND, R4IND, R5IND, R6IND, R7IND, R8IND, R9IND, ROIND, RAIND, RCIND, RHIND, and REGION. The National trinomial list is reported by SCI-NAME, TRINOM, RIIND, R2IND, R3IND, R4IND, R5IND, R6IND, R7IND, R8IND, R9IND, ROIND, RAIND, RCIND, RHIND, and REGION. The National, regional, and State synonym lists are reported by SYNONYMY, SCI-NAME, AUTHOR, and REGION. The regional and State alphabetical scientific name lists are reported by SCI -NAME, AUTHOR, COMMON-NAME, RIND, NAT-IND, and HABIT. The regional and State trinomial lists are reported by SCI-NAME, AUTHOR, TRINOM, RIND, NAT-IND, and HABIT. The State alphabetical common-name lists are reported within life forms (HABIT) by COMMON-NAME, R_IND, NAT-IND, SYMBOL, SCI-NAME, and HABIT. The information in these lists is presented in the following categories. A brief definition of the categories reported in the various lists is given below: SCI-NAME (Scientific Name) The genus and species applied to the taxon by the National List of Scientific Plant Names (1982). SYMBOL Symbol assigned in the National List of Scientific Plant Names (1982), consisting of the first two letters of the genus name and the first two letters of the specific epithet, with additional numbers added in numeric sequence to the four-letter symbol to break ties. Tentative plant symbols for species not in the National List of Scientific Plant Names (1982) have been created by taking the first two letters of the genus and specific epithet, adding a numeric tie breaker, if necessary, and ending with a question mark. All species have a unique symbol. AUTHOR The author of the scientific name as cited by the National List of Scientific Plant Names (1982). SYNONYMY Alternate scientific names applied to the species by major regional or State floras. TRINOM (Trinomial) Varieties, subspecies, or forms which differ in Indicator assignment from the species. NAT-IND (National Range Of Indicators) The National Indicators reflect the range of estimated probabilities (expressedas a frequency of occurrence) of a species occurring in wetland versus nonwetland across the entire distribution of the species. A frequency, for example, of 67%-99% (Facultative Wetland) means that 67%-99% of sample plots containing the species randomly selected across the range of the species would be wetland. Aquestion mark (?) following an Indicator denotes a tentative assignment based on the botanical literature and not confirmed by regional review. When two indicators are given, they reflect the range from the lowest to the highest frequency of occurrence in wetlands across the regions in which the species is found. A positive (+) or negative (-) sign was used with the Facultative Indicator categories to more specifically define the regional frequency of occurrence in wetlands. The positive sign indicates a frequency toward the higher end of the category (more frequently found in wetlands), and a negative sign 8 indicates a frequency toward the lower end of the category (less frequently found in wetlands) . Indicator Categories Obligate Wetland (OBL). Occur almost always (estimated probability >99%) under natural conditions in wetlands. Facultative Wetland (FACW). Usually occur in wetlands (estimated probability 67%-99%), but occasionally found in nonwetlands. Facultative (FAC). Equally likely to occur in wetlands or nonwetlands (estimated probability 34%-66%). Facultative Upland (FACU). Usually occur in nonwetlands (estimated probability 67%-99%), but occasionally found in wetlands (estimated probability l%-33%). Obligate Upland (UPL). Occur in wetlands in another region, but occur almost always (estimated probability >99%) under natural conditions in nonwetlands in the region specified. If a species does not occur in wetlands in any region, it is not on the National List . The wetland Indicator categories should not be equated to degrees of wetness. Many obligate wetland species occur in permanently or semipermanently flooded wetlands, but a number of obligates also occur and some are restricted to wetlands which are only temporarily or seasonally flooded. The facultative upland species include a diverse collection of plants which range from weedy species adapted to exist in a number of environmentally stressful or disturbed sites (including wetlands) to species in which a portion of the gene pool (an ecotype) always occurs in wetlands. Both the weedy and ecotype representatives of the facultative upland category occur in seasonally and semipermanently flooded wetlands. RIND (Regional Indicator) The estimated probability (likelihood) of a species occurring in wetlands versus nonwetlands in the region. Regional Indicators reflect the unanimous agreement of the Regional Interagency Review Panel. If a regional panel was not able to reach a unanimous decision on a species, NA (no agreement) was recorded in the regional indicator (R_IND) field. An NI (no indicator) was recorded for those species for which insufficient information was available to determine an indicator status. A nonoccurrence (NO) designation indicates that the species does not occur in that region. An asterisk (*) following a regional Indicator identifies tentative assignments based on limited information from which to determine the indicator status. In the listings for the States divided into two regions (Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado), both regional Indicators are reported. REGION The distribution of the species expressed by the regional codes used in the National List of Scientific Plant Names (1982). These code numbers and regions are displayed in Figure 1. REGION CODE REGION 1 Northeast 2 Southeast 3 North Central 4 North Plains 5 Central Plains 6 South Plains 7 Southwest 8 Intermountain 9 Northwest California A Alaska C Caribbean Hawaii STATE(S) IN REGION ME,NH,VT,MA,CT,RI,WV,KY,NY,PA, NJ,MD,DE,VA,OH NC,SC,GA,FL,TN,AL,MS,LA,AR MO,IA,MN,MI,WI,IL,IN ND,SD,MT(Eastern) ,WY(Eastern) NE,KS,CO(Eastern) TX,OK AZ,NM NV,UT,CO(Western) WA,OR, ID,MT(Western) ,WY(Western) CA AK PR(Puerto Rico), VI(U.S. Virgin Isls.), CZ{Canal Zone), SQ (Swan Isls.) HI(Hawaiian Isls.), AQ(American Samoa), GU(Guam), IQ(U.S. Misc. Pacific Isls.), MQ(Midway Isls.), TQ(Trust territories of the Pacific Isls.), WQ(Wake Isl.), YQ(Ryukyu Isls. Southern) COMMON -NAME HABIT A popular name applied to the species. Common name selection generally follows Common Names for North American Plants (Kartesz and Thieret, in press), but some common names follow the current common name list maintained by the Soil Conservation Service. The plant characteristics and life forms assigned to each species in the National List of Scientific Plant Names (1982) and by the Soil Conservation Service. Family names are listed alphabetically under specific life forms restricted to these families. 10 UJ oc < z oo so (JU CTi 03 m oc to 0) < F o fO ^ -M c (0 r^ a_ u • ^ 4- +-> c O) o o| +-> CO o fO S- o ^- o •r— +J JD S- 00 ■o 4- O to c o a> 11 CHARACTERISTIC CHARACTERISTIC SYMBOL OR LIFE FORM SYMBOL OR LIFE FORM A Annual G = Grass B Biennial POACEAE C Clubmoss LYCOPODIACEAE SELAGINELLACEAE GL Grasslike CYPERACEAE JUNCACEAE E Emergent H s Partly woody Epiphytic HS = Half shrub F Forb H2 = Horsetail / = Floating EQUISETACEAE F3 = Fern I = Introduced ADIANTACEAE N = Native ASPLENIACEAE P = Perennial BLECHNACEAE + = Parasitic CYATHEACEAE P3 = Pepperwort DAVALLIACEAE MARSILEACEAE DENNSTAEDTIACEAE Q = Quillwort DRYOPTERIDACEAE ISOETACEAE GLEICHENIACEAE S = Shrub GRAMMITIDACEAE - = Saprophytic HYMENOPHYLLACEAE z = Submerged LOMARIOPSIDACEAE $ = Succulent MARATTIACEAE T = Tree OPHIOGLOSSACEAE V s Herbaceous Vine OSMUNDACEAE w s Waterfern PARKERIACEAE AZOLLACEAE POLYPODIACEAE SALVINIACEAE PSILOTACEAE wv = Woody vine PTERIDAC EAE SCHIZAEACEAE The HABIT symbols are combined to describe the life form of the (e.g., ANG means annual native grass, IT means introduced tree). species 12 DIGITAL DATA BASE AVAILABILITY The National List of Plant Species that Occur in Wetlands is maintained in a microcomputer data base. This data base was created to track and document the decisions made by the Regional Interagency Review Panels and to facilitate generation of National, regional and State reports. The data base is organized into 26 fixed-length and 3 variable-length fields and contains information on plant taxonomy, geography, and wetland Indicator status. We expect to make regional subdivisions of the data base and a user's manual available on selected magnetic media. An announcement of the format and ordering procedures will be distributed widely when the data base is available in digital form. 13 REGIONAL INDICATORS 14 L>- 00 L^ u. U. U- Ll. U. Li. Li. Li. U. Li. U O O O O O O O O CS O O U O O LiJ UJ UJ X U. U. 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Q -= ^ ^ T Co <• -< -~: $SS to '^ ^ ce cc ''; ~- ^ C3 a 't: ^35=:£%l^ -^ -J ^ ^ Ct ^J "O 'O ■^ C. tSi (oQ^co-ico^C^Cu-cSioCj'-u^^i-^ ^ ^ Uj Uo i» *;^Coto-, ■^ 'Jt "^ ■^ Cfe Oq "5; (^ Q "^ a; -o -^ 2: 'i: -~ -. -~- C> 'i; Co Co Co ^ 5$^^^^^^^ 'I 'T T 't 'T i^--3*;catoK. *:*;'T'^"=tUjUjUi4 x: oc >- •et Q. _J ZD o oo Q. O IT 1— _J — UlXOOOO-etl— 00 UJ _J =3 UJ z cc _i o o <« Q- =» ■:> r>=»s^s>>>>=>>>>> :> => =» => r>3333XXX rvi hj r^ r-^ 62 LITERATURE CITED Cowardin, L.M., V. Carter, F.C. Golet, and E.T. LaRoe. 1979. Classification of wetlands and deepwater habitats of the United States. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS- 79/31. 103 pp. Environmental Laboratory. 1987. Corps of Engineers wetlands delineation manual. Technical Report 4-87-1. Corps of Engineers, Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS. Huffman, R.T. 1981. Multiple-parameter approach to the field identification and delineation of aquatic and wetland ecosystems. Technical Report EL-81. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS. Kartesz, J.T. Unpublished plant species geographic data base. Biota of North America program. North Carolina Botanical Garden, Chapel Hill. Kartesz, J.T., and J. Thieret. Common names for North American plants. In press. Reed, P.B., Jr. 1986. 1986 National wetland plant list - regional indicator compilation. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. WELUT 86/W17.01. 121 pp. Sipple, W.S. 1988. Wetland identification and delineation manual. Volume I. Rationale, wetland parameters, and overview of jurisdictional approach. Volume II. Field methodology. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. Vol. 1:30 pp., Vol. 2:40 pp. U.S. Department of Agriculture. 1971. National List of scientific plant names. U.S. Soil Conservation Service, Lincoln, NE. 281 pp. U.S. Department of Agriculture. 1982. National List of scientific plant names. Vol. 1. List of plant names. Vol. 2. Synonymy. U.S. Soil Conservation Service, SCS-TP-159, Washington, DC. Vol. 1:416 pp.. Vol. 2:438 pp. U.S. Department of Agriculture. 1987. Hydric soils of the United States. Soil Conservation Service, Washington, DC. np. Wentworth, T.R., and G.P. Johnson. 1986. Use of vegetation for the designation of wetlands. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv., Washington DC. 107 pp. 63 APPENDIX A. REVIEW PROCEDURE The procedure for adding, deleting, or changing the Indicator status of plant species on the National List is given below. We welcome improvement of the National List and encourage the submission of Indicator changes to misclassified, unclassified, or unlisted species. We also encourage any additional suggestions for changes to any of the data contained in the National List , especially improved information on distribution and additional synonyms, or for improvement of the format of data presentation. If certain species should be removed, added, or remain on the National List with a revised Indicator status, gather the information to support your recommendation and submit it on the enclosed review sheet to: Porter B. Reed, Jr. National Ecology Research Center U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Monroe Building - Suite 101 9720 Executive Center Drive St. Petersburg, PL 33702-2440 Proposed changes and supporting information will be presented to the appropriate Regional Review Panel for consideration. The National Review Panel will review all regional Indicator assignments for consistency and accuracy and serve as the final arbitrator for the Regional Review Panels. The National List will be updated as changes to the current list are made, and revised editions will be printed as needed. Improvement of the National List is dependent on a strong review by knowledgable botanists and ecologists from across the country. We sincerely appreciate your help in completing this task. 64 APPENDIX B. INSTRUCTIONS FOR COMPLETING THE REVIEW SHEET FOR PLANT SPECIES THAT OCCUR IN WETLANDS Reviewer: Reviewer's name Address: Mailing address and phone number of reviewer Species Symbol: The symbol given in the National List of Scientific Plant Names (1982) Scientific Name: Genus, species, and any additional infraspecific designations as well as the author's name. Geographic area covered by reviewer: The area of your fieldwork and experience from which your review is derived. Be as specific as possible with the regional wetland plant lisi: area. Action: Check appropriate line. Indicator: Complete appropriate lines. Deleted species will not have a recommended Indicator. Added species will not have a current Indicator. Review Comments: This is the primary section for explaining the rationale for any regional or subregional changes, deletions, or additions to the list. Information on the specific habitats, microsites, or soils that the species occurs in should be provided. Use the back of the page if additional space is needed. Site-specific information supporting review comments: This section is for the description of the specific community (or communities) in which the species is found and which support your review comments. Use additional sheets for more community descriptions - staple all sheets for each species together. The soils and hydrology sections are optional, but it will be very useful if you can enter this information. Provide as much information as possible on the composition of the plant communities, soils, and hydrology that contain the species of concern. Include, where possible, community composition, soils, and hydrology data on other sites, drier or wetter, that the species also occurs in, which help support your suggested Indicator status. Include site-specific information, with the locations well specified, to identify the field sites where information has been gathered. Present quantitative data to support your change in a form that can be readily reviewed. If possible, enter the soil series and water regime as described in Cowardin et al . (1979). 65 APPENDIX C. REVIEW SHEET FOR PLANT SPECIES THAT OCCUR IN WETLANDS Rev i ewer Address Species symbol Scientific name Geographic area covered by reviewer Actionlndicator Addition Change of Indicator Current _ Deletion Recommended REVIEW COMMENTS. Including physiographic setting and additional data sources - cite specific reference(s) , other than standard botanical texts, if used. Site-specific information supporting review comments Community composition and dominants: Overstory Shrub Herbaceous Soil Hydrology 66 APPENDIX D. INTERAGENCY REVIEW PANEL MEMBERS AND REGIONAL REVIEWERS National Interagency Review Panel U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service * Joseph Dowhan U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Dept. of the Interior, Rm. 2553 Washington, DC 20240 Russell Kologiski Dept. of Biology Univ. of NC, Charlotte Charlotte, NC 28223 Porter B. Reed, Jr. National Wetlands Inventory U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Monroe Bldg., Suite 101 9720 Executive Center Drive St. Petersburg, FL 33702 Stephen S. Talbot Refuge Division U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 1011 E. Tudor Road Anchorage, AK 99503 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers * Richard Macomber, Chief Environmental Division Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Kingman Building Ft. Belvoir, VA 22060 Charles J. Newling Waterways Experiment Station U.S. Army Corps of Engineers P.O. Box 631 Vicksburg, MS 39180 * Dana Sanders Waterways Experiment Station U.S. Army Corps of Engineers P.O. Box 631 Vicksburg, MS 39180 Fred Weinmann, Chief Estuarine Research Unit U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Seattle District P.O. Box C-3755 Seattle, WA 98124 Robert Pierce U.S. Army Corps of Engineers CECW-OR 20 Mass. Ave., NW Washington, DC 20314-1000 (* - Former Panel Members) 67 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Charles Rhodes U.S. Environ. Protect. Agcy. Environmental Impact & Marine Policy Branch 3ES40 841 Chestnut Bldg. Philadelphia, PA 19107 Ralph Rogers U.S. Environ. Protect. Agcy. Oregon Operations Office 522 Southwest 5th Ave. Yeon Building Portland, OR 97204 William Sipple Office of Wetlands Protection A-104F U.S. Environmental Pr. Agcy. 401 M Street, SW Washington, DC 20460 U.S. Soil Conservation Service * Robert S. Maclauchlan Nat. Plant Materials Special. USDA-Soil Conservation Service P.O. Box 2890 Washington, DC 20013 * Donald Pendleton National Range Conservationist USDA-Soil Conservation Service P.O. Box 2890 Washington, DC 20013 * Thomas N. Shiflet Director of Ecological Sciences USDA-Soil Conservation Service P.O. Box 2890 Washington, DC 20013 Billy Teels, Nat'l Biologist USDA-Soil Conservation Service P.O. Box 2890 Washington, DC 20013 Carl Thomas National Biologist USDA-Soil Conservation Service P.O. Box 2890 Washington, DC 20013 68 Regional Interagency Review Panel : South Plains and Southwest (Regions 6 & 7) U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Warren Hagenbuck Regional Wetland Coordinator U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 500 Gold Ave., SW, Room 4012 P.O. Box 1306 Albuquerque, NM 87103 * Russell Kologiski Dept. of Biology Univ. of NC, Charlotte Charlotte, NC 28223 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Vicki Goodknight U.S. Army Corps of Engineers SW Division (SWDCO-RR) 1114 Commerce Street Dallas, TX 76011 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Tom Nystrom (GE-FT) U.S. EPA Region 6 1201 Elm Street Dallas, TX 75270 U.S. Soil Conservation Service John York USDA-Soil Conservation Service 201 East Indianola Suite 200 Phoenix, AZ 85012 69 Regional Reviewers : South Plains and Southwest (Regions 6 & 7) Geyata Ajilvsqi Herbarium Dept. of Biology Texas A&M University College Station, TX 77843 Terry Johnson Non-game Supervisor Arizona Game & Fish Dept P.O.. Box 9099 Phoenix, AZ 85068 Fred Anthamatten U.S. Army Corps of Engineers P.O. Box 1229 Galveston, TX 77553-1229 Paul Knight Natural Resource Dept Villagra Bldg. Santa Fe, NM 87503 Mary Butterwick U.S. Bureau of Land Management Phoenix District Office 2015 West Deer Valley Road Phoenix, AZ 85027 William F. Mahler Herbarium Southern Methodist University Dallas, TX 75275 Tom Daniel Herbarium Dept. of Botany & Microbiology Arizona State University Tempe, AZ 85287 Gayle Marrs-Smith 3560 Yosemite Place Reno, NV 89503 Jim Estes Dept. of Botany & Microbiology University of Oklahoma Norman, OK 73019 Bill Martin Dept. of Biology University of New Mexico Albuquerque, NM 87131 Reggie Fletcher U.S. Forest Service Range Management Texas 517 Gold, SW Albuquerque, NM 87102 Steve L. Orzell Staff Botanist Natural Heritage Program Texas Parks and Wldl. Dept Stephen F. Austin Bldg. 1700 North Congress Austin, TX 78701 Brian Hill University of Texas Graduate Program of Environmental Science P.O. Box 688 Richardson, TX 75080 Charles Perino Bureau of Location & Environ, IL Dept. of Transporation 2300 S. Dirkson Parkway Springfield, IL 62764 70 Arthur Phillips Museum of Northern Arizona Rt. 4, Box 720 Flagstaff, AZ 86001 John Taylor Dept. of Biology Southeastern OK State Univ Durant, OK 74701 Barbara Phillips Museum of Northern Arizona Rt. 4, Box 720 Flagstaff, AZ 86001 David A. Tilton Wildlife Biologist USFWS, Ecological Services 819 Taylor St. # 9A33 Ft. Worth, TX 76102 Donald Pinkava Dept. of Botany & Microbiology Arizona State University Tempe, AZ 85287 Roy Tyrl Dept. of Botany & Microbiology Oklahoma State University Stillwater, OK 74078 Jackie Poole Natural Heritage Program General Land Office Stephen F. Austin Bldg. Austin, TX 78701 Milton Weller Dept. of Wildlife & Fisheries Sciences Texas A&M University College Station, TX 77843 Fred Smeins Dept. of Range Science Texas A&M University College Station, TX 77843 Hugh Wilson Dept. of Biology Texas A&M University College Station, TX 77843 Richard Spellenburg Dept. of Biology New Mexico State University Box 3AF Las Cruces, NM 88001 Richard Worthington Dept. of Biological Sciences UTEP El Paso, TX 79968 Frank Sprague, Biologist USDA-Soil Conservation Service 101 South Main Temple, TX 76501-7682 Thomas Van Devender Arizona Sonora-Desert Museum Rt. 9, Box 900 Tucson, AZ 85743 71 222ZLJ2J REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE 1. REPORT NO. Biological Report 88(26.7) 4. TW* and Subtltl* National List of Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands: Southwest (Region 7) 3. Recipient's AccMSion No. S. Report Oat* May 1988 7. AuthoKa) Porter B 8. Parforming Organization Rapt. No. Reed, Jr, 9. Parforminc Organization Nam* and Addraaa National Ecology Research Center U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Creekside One Bldg., 2627 Redwing Rd Fort Collins, CO 80526-2899 10. Projact/Task/Work Unit No. 11. Contract(0 or Grant(G) No. (a (G) 12. Sponsoring Organization Nam* and Address Department of the Interior U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Research and Development Washi ngton, D.C. 20240 13. Type of Report & Period Covered 14. IS. Supplementary Notes IC Abstract (Umit: 200 words) The National List of Plant Species That Occur in^ Wetlands represents the combined efforts of many biologists over the last decade to define the wetland flora of the United States. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service initially developed the list in order to provide an appendix to the Classification of Wetlands and Deepwater Habitats of the United States (FWS/OBS 79/31) to assist in the field identification of wetlands. Plant species that occur in wetlands, as used in the National List , are defined as species that have demonstrated an ability to achieve maturity and reproduce in an environment where all or portions of the soil within the root zone become, periodically or continuously, saturated or inundated during the growing season. The list will facilitate the implementation and management of the wetland regulatory programs of the Federal Government and most State governments. This list for the Southwest (Region 7) is a subset of the National List. 17. Document Analysis a. Descrfptors Plants Plant ecology b. Identiflers/Open'Ended Terms Wetland plant species Southwest (Region 7) c. COSATI Field/Group la. AvailaWllty Statement Release unlimited 19. Security Class (This Report) Unclassified 20. Security Class CThis Pago) Unclassified 21. No. of Pages 71 22. Price (See ANSI-Z39.18) See fnstruct/on* en Reverse OPTIONAL FORM 272 (4-77) (Formerly NTIS-3S) Department of Commerce •a U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE:1988-576-861 ^85240 ••-. ..X Hawaiian Islands " Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands VT Headquarters, Research and Development, Washington, DC ♦ Locations of Regional Offices REGION 1 Regional Director U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Lloyd Five Hundred Building, Suite 1692 500 N.E. Multnomah Street Portland, Oregon 97232 REGION 2 Regional Director U.S. Fish and Wildbfe Service P.O. Box 1306 Albuquerque, New Mexico 87103 REGION 3 Regional Director U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Federal Building, Fort Snelling Twin Cities, Minnesota 55111 REGION 4 Regional Director U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Richard B. Russell Building 75 Spring Street, S.W. Atlanta, Georgia 30303 REGION 5 Regional Director U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service One Gateway Center Newton Comer, Massachusetts 02158 REGION 6 Regional Director U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service P.O. Box 25486 Denver Federal Center Denver, Colorado 80225 REGION 7 Regional Director U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 1011 E. Tudor Road Anchorage, Alaska 99503 UNIVERSITY OF 1LL1N018-URBANA TAKE PMDEIN, AMERICA Preserve Our Natural Resources DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE As the Nation's principal conservation agency, the Department of the Interior has respon- sibility for most of our nationally owned public lands and natural resources. This includes fostering the wisest use of our land and water resources, protecting our fish and wildlife, preserving th» environmental and cultural values of our national parks and historical places, and providing for the enjoyment of life through outdoor recreation. The Department as- sesses our energy and mineral resources and works to assure that their development is in the best interests of all our people. The Department also has a major responsibility for American Indian reservation communities and for people who live in island territories under U.S. administration.