nf\ New Jersey Ship Canal Commission Reports It is the opinion of the Commission that a sea-level canal connecting Delaware and New York Bays, and capable of accommodating barges of iooo to 3000 tons burden, would be actively used by companies now oper- ating barges by the outside route between Philadelphia and New England points. An ideal route for such barges between Chesapeake Bay and Boston would be afforded by an enlarged Chesapeake and Delaware Canal, the proposed waterway between the Delaware and New York Bays, and canals connecting Long Island Sound with the port of Boston. An inside waterway between North Carolina and New England would increase the volume of coastwise commerce, and, what is hardly less important, would minimize the losses of property and human lives caused by shipwrecks. This safe inside route would be used by a type of craft that can be operated with econ- omy and with certain profit to the owners. One of the strongest arguments in favor of an inside route is the fact that in the single decade from 1900 to 1909 there were over 5700 disasters to shipping on our Atlantic sea- board. Not all losses are reported, but these accidents are known to have destroyed $40,500,000 worth of ves- sels and cargo, and to have caused the loss of over 2200 human lives. Army Engineers estimate that the cost of a sea-level canal between New York and Philadelphia, with a bottom width of 125 feet and a depth of 25 feet, will be $45,000,000. This is but little more than the value of the property lost along the Atlantic seaboard by shipwrecks during the last ten years. This annual toll of lives and property still continues to be levied. Within a few months past three barges laden with coal and seventeen men were lost in a storm off the coast of Massachusetts. 3 A canal connecting the New York and Delaware Bays is a most important part of the intracoastal waterway. The New Jersey Ship Canal, Philadelphia to New York, will benefit the eastern part of the United States. The project has been recommended by the U. S. Government engineers, and should receive the support of the States and municipalities most directly interested. FREDK. W. DONNELLY, President. WALTER WOOD. JAMES M. REILLY. CHAS. A. McCORMICK. WORTHINGTON M. JACOBUS, Secretary. Proposed Intra Coastal Waterway Project Across New Jersey Compiled by W. F. R. Griffith, Consulting Engineer. Distance from deep water in Delaware River to deep water in New York Bay, 75.7 miles. Distance from deep water in Delaware River to Bor- dentown, N. J., 26 miles. Distance from Bordentown to Lalor Street, Trenton, N. J., 3.9 miles. Distance from Bordentown to Morgan, N. J., across New Jersey, 33.7 miles. Distance from Morgan to deep water in New York Bay, 12. 1 miles. Distance from wharves in Philadelphia to the Battery in New York City (via canal), about 87 miles. Distance from wharves in Philadelphia to the Battery in New York City (via outside route), about 274 miles. Speed in the canal, 8 miles per hour. Speed in Delaware River and New York Bay for largest ships, about 20 per cent, less than in open sea. 4 Assuming that the speed of the largest boat using the canal would be about 15 miles per hour in the open sea, the time of transit from the wharves at Philadelphia to the Battery in New York City (via canal) would be about 8 hours and 40 minutes ; between the same points (via outside route), about 20 hours, or over twice as long as it would take via canal. Size of canal section: Bottom width, 125 feet; depth, 25 feet at lowest low water. Size of Delaware River and New York Bay section: 100 feet bottom width; depth, 25 feet at lowest low water, and 300 feet bottom width ; depth, 18 feet at lowest low water. Maximum deflection in any single intersection angle on canal section, 36 degrees, 51 minutes, 15.3 seconds. Total deflection on canal section, 246 degrees, 26 min- utes, 58.4 seconds. Resultant deflection to the east, 13 degrees, 39 minutes, 49.4 seconds. Number of locks, 1. Number of movable dams, 1. Usable length of lock, 600 feet. Usable width of lock, 75 feet. Depth on miter sill at lowest low water, 25 feet. Number of railroad draw spans, 3. Number of combination trolley and highway, 3. Number of highway draw spans, 15. Number of syphons, 6. Number of miles of double-track railroad to be re- constructed, 7.52. Number of miles of single-track railroad to be re- constructed, 1.6. Number of miles of trolley to be reconstructed, .63. Number of miles of highway to be reconstructed, 10.8. 5 PROPOSED SEA-LEVEL CANAL ACCORDINC.TO SURVEY OF ENGINEER CORPS U,S ARMY OLD LOCK CANALS NEW JERSEY THE NEW JERSEY SEA-LEVEL CANAL AND ITS RELATION TO EXISTING WATERWAYS. New Jersey HE first sight of land to greet the ocean voyager from the old world upon the broad Atlantic when ap- proaching the gateway of the new world, is the lofty summit of the Highlands of Navesink on the New Jersey shore. The State of New Jersey is noted for its magnificent stretch of ocean coast, its rich and fertile farming lands, its immensely valuable clay deposits, its beauti- ful lakes and magnificent moun- tain scenery. It takes rank in the states of the Union as the sixth in the number of its industrial establish- ments, as well as in the number of operatives employed, and for the diversity of the products of its workshops. It ranks sixth in the annual value of the product turned out by its factories and workshops. It has an area of 7,514 square miles ; it is forty-fifth in area. It ranks eleventh in population, third in density of population, and eleventh in the total number of inhabitants. In historical annals it is noted as one of the great fighting grounds during the Revolutionary War, the battles of Monmouth, Trenton, Morristown, Bergen Hook, Springfield and other points materially helping on to final victory, which resulted in independence being established. New Jersey is rich in resources, in agricultural wealth, fruit growing, oyster cultivation, mineral depos- its, clay products ; it is noted also for its manufacturing and shipbuilding, and as the Garden State, where men of wealth are creating beautiful park lands and erecting magnificent mansions on its sloping hills and in its verd- ant valleys. 7 Leading Cities of New Jersey It may be of interest to note the particular leading features of the principal cities in New Jersey according to their rank in population and wealth. Newark The chief city of the State in industry, population, taxable wealth, banking capital, railway and river ton- nage, and in all lines of material and municipal public works. BIRD’S-EYE VIEW OF NEWARK Newark is noted as having the largest park area per square mile of any city in the United States. Newark is located on Newark Bay eight miles west of New York. Newark ranks eleventh in manufactures, fourteenth in population, and third as a centre for insurance among the cities of the United States. Newark is equipped with the most scientific fire alarm system in the country. Newark has 252 distinct lines of industry, fifty or more turning out values annually from $1,000,000 to $30,000,000. Newark, per capita to its population, leads all other cities of the United States in the variety of its manu- factures. 8 Agricultural Statistics Total population of the State, urban and suburban, 1910 2,537,167 Increase between 1900 and 191C, 34 per cent 653,498 Total rural population, 1910 629,957 Per cent, of increase in rural population, 1900-1910 21$ Total number of farms 33,487 Total land area in acres 4,808,960 Area of land under cultivation 2,573,857 Total value of all farm property in New Jersey, 1910 $254,832,665 Farm value increase in decade from 1900. 34 65,299.005 Value of live stock on New Jersey farms 24,588.639 Increase in value during decade from Imoo, 39 6,976,019 Average number of acres per farm in New Jersey 76.9 Average value per farm $7 610 BIRD’S-EYE VIEW OF NEW BRUNSWICK Manufacturing Statistics For variety of manufacture the State is noted throughout the industrial world by reason of the con- tributions made to the world of commerce through the many inventions perfected by its mechanics, scientists and artisans. Statement Showing Totals of Manufactures of New Jersey 1900-1910 INDUSTRIES 1910 1900 Increase Number of establishments 8,817 6,415 2,402 Wage earners employed 326,223 213,975 112,248 Salaried employees 36,838 15,361 21,477 Capital invested $977,172,000 $477,302,000 $499,870,000 Salaries 48,366,000 19,058,000 29,308,000 Wages 169,710.000 95,165.000 74,545,000 Cost of material 720,033,000 334,726,000 385,307,000 Value of product 1,145,529,000 553,006,000 592,523,000 Value added by manufacture. . 425,496,000 218,280,000 207,216,000 9 VIEW Newark The Record of a Decade in Figures and Percentage 1900 1910 Per Cent, of Increase Population 246,070 347,469 41 Taxable Valuations $148,834,805 $344,821,700 131 Bank and Trust Co. Resources 29,322,562 103.779,521 253 Savings Bank Resources Building and Loan Resources 15,467,213 40,396,313 161 8,025,138 29,244,196 264 Aggregate Resources Banks and Build iug and Loan Associations. . 52,814,915 173,420,020 228 Capital invested in Manufacturing. 103,191,403 149,691,105 45 Value of Raw Materials 67,105,944 120,907,766 80 Value of Manufactured Product 129,954,049 271,970,342 71 Life Insurance Companys’ Assets... Fire Insurance Companys’ Assets.. 95,983,799 365,696,799 280 7,794,503 365,696,796 82 Pieces of Mail Handled 59,523,900 151,902,549 155 Passenger Movement by Trolley 69,282.833 137,066,415 97 Freights Received and Shipped by Rail 1,957,005 4,718,229 141 Freights Received and Shipped by Water 1,370,724 2,778,962 102 Manufactures Capital invested in manufacturing' $154,233,000 Number of operatives employed 59,995 Annual wages paid $44,853,000 Value of raw material 120,907,766 Establishments usiug power employing over ten hands 1,858 Value of finished product, 1910 $202,512,000 Jersey City Directly opposite New York on the west bank of the Hudson River, it is noted as the great terminal city of the Atlantic seaboard, and its progress depends upon its railways and industrial establishments. Noted among its principal industries are tobacco, sugar refining, graph- ite products, soap, and foundry and machine shop prod- ucts. 10 fRENTON Manufactures in Jersey City in 1910 Number of establishments 745 Capital iu vested $79,794,000 Cost of materials used 89,317,000 Salaries and wages 18,263,000 Value of products 128,775,000 Value added by manufacture 39,458,000 Number of salaried officials and clerks 4,785 Average number of wage earners 25,454 Trenton Trenton is the seat of the State Government, and one of its oldest settled cities. It is particularly noted for the production of fine pottery ware which in tech- nique, design and workmanship rivals the best product of the famous workshops of Europe. It is also noted for its steel wire products, rubber goods, terra cotta and fire clay products. Manufactures of Trenton in 1909 Number of establishments 340 Capital invested $46,639,000 Cost of materials used 27,673,000 Salaries and wages 11,958,000 Value of all products 49,009,000 Value of fire clay products 6,996,000 Total population 96,815 Paterson Paterson is located in a natural valley, surrounded on all sides by sloping hills of extraordinary beauty, and is especially noted for the Passaic Falls, which on being viewed by Alexander Hamilton caused him to prophesy that it would be one of the great centers of manufac- ture on account of the value of the water power. It holds the first rank among American cities for the amount of capital invested and the amount of product in the manufacture of silk and silk goods. 11 New Brunswick New Brunswick, with a population of 23,388, is situ- ated at the head of navigation on the Raritan River fif- teen miles from its mouth. Its principal manufactures are hosiery, wall paper, rubber goods, chemicals and foundry products. It has many important institutions, including Rutgers College, the State Agricultural Col- lege, the Chemical College and State Model Farms. Its output of surgical appliances is greater than that of any other city in the United States. Ninety-three manufac- turing establishments produce products annually valued at $10,005,000. Atlantic Coast Cities Nature has endowed the State with a diversity of scenery, and a coast-line with long reaches of sandy and picturesque beach. The commercial interests creating a zone of dense population on the New Jersey and New York shores where the Metropolitan District is located, has caused this territory to be utilized for summer resort purposes. From Sandy Hook to Cape May almost every foot of shore line has been developed. Atlantic City, which was organized sixty-two years ago, has become the most conspicuous example of munici- pal sea shore development in the world. It is the social centre in summer of the whole of the United States ; a gathering place for conventions and the home of the busy urbanite during the warm summer months. Although chiefly a resort there are ninety-four industrial enter- prises producing $2,260,000 worth of goods annually. Asburv Park, Ocean Grove, Long Branch, Cape May, Spring Lake and Sea Girt are also in high stages of development as summer resorts, and to these places are drawn thousands who commute from the commercial centres. 2 Perth Amboy This was the seat of the early Colonial Government of the provinces of East Jersey and the place of record of the Lord Proprietors. It is beautifully located on Raritan Bay, and the progress being made in its com- mercial and industrial life gives promise that it will become a city of great importance as a seaport and as a land terminal. It is the natural shipping point, and the BOARDWALK IN ATLANTIC CITY centre of the great pottery and clay product industry, the clay obtained there being used for fire clay, pot- teries, terra cotta brick, and also in the manufacture of paper. It is also a port of entry, and one of the largest smelting plants in the United States is located within its borders. It has eighty manufacturing plants turning out annually products valued at $73,093,000. The popula- tion numbers 32,121. 13 Elizabeth Elizabeth is one of the ancient settlements of New Jersey, and from 1755 to 1757 was the capital of East Jersey. It is situated on Newark Bay and the Arthur Kill, fourteen miles southwest of New York. It is one of the principal points of shipment in this state for anthracite coal, and has an extensive shipyard where naval vessels have been built. Its principal manufactures include sewing machines, oil cloth, hardware and machine shop products. It has a population of 73,409. Manufactures of Elizabeth in 1909 Number of establishments Capital invested Cost of material used Salaries and wages Value of all products Value of machine shop products 163 $26,774,000 16.429.000 8.565.000 29.147.000 1.877.000 PROPOSED PIER AND TERMINAL FACILITIES FOR THE PORT OF TRENTON 14 VIEW OF ELIZABETH 16 Manufactures of Paterson in 1909 Number of establishments Capital invested Cost of materials used Salaries and wages Value of all products Value of silk products Total population 702 $66,402,000 34.728.000 18.186.000 69.584.000 40.358.000 125,600 Camden The splendid wharf and shipping facilities enjoyed by Camden make it a natural centre for the ship-building industry, and it gives promise of becoming one of the great manufacturing and shipping points in the State. Included in its principal manufactures are foundry prod- ucts, leather, shipbuilding, soap and textiles. VIEW OF PASSAIC RIVER, NEWARK Manufactures of Camden in 1909 Number of establishments Capital invested Cost of materials used Salaries and wages Value of all products Value of ships built Total population $49,158,000 27.384.000 11.013.000 49.138.000 5,626.000 94,538 Total Receipts and Shipments of Domestic Com- merce as Reported by United States Engineers Ports Tons in 1909 Tons in 1906 Anacostia River 450,213 335,000 Arthur Kill 9,504,090 16,574,840 Baltimore 8,415,220 8,277,098 Beverly 196,203 138,862 Boston Harbor 24,478,668 18,549,230 Beaufort 52,396 10,465 Bridgeport 1,117,131 951,244 Cape Charles City, Va 2,355,984 1,723,635 Conn. River (below Hartford) . . 614,780 440,024 Elizabeth River, Va 1,861,402 4,225,179 Greenwich Harbor 79,727 10'8,348 Gloucester 218,165 275,888 Havre De Grace “Asked for but not obtained.” 73,815 Housatonic River 81,485 54,496 Hyannis 8,832 20,100 Lynn 359,195 343,784 Mispillion River, Del 187,356 258,704 Nansemond River, Va 96,251 91,063 Nantucket 28,550 20,100 New Bedford 1,392,802 899,632 New Haven 2,019,198 1,847,633 Newburyport 212,029 169,975 New London 707,768 697,139 Newport News 7,268,585 5,564,086 Newport Harbor 239,923 1,920,380 Newtown Creek 5,113,628 2,803,380 New York 2 5,509-, 733 16,921.976 Norfolk 10,972,999 15,600,000 Norwalk Harbor 222,787 251,759 Passaic River 2,650,809 2,577,188 Pawtucket River 475,255 287,739 Philadelphia 19,402,199 20,577,117 Portland, Me 2,956,011 2,546,625 Providence 3,814,982 3,086,003 Raritan Bay 5,333,676 6,432,245 Rappahannock River 397,210 364.000 Richmond & James River Point. . 476,465 527,818 Roanoke River, N. C 68,113 88.508 Sakonnet Harbor 7,385 not available Stamford Harbor 264,615 249,175 St. Jones River, Del 113,550 55.196 Smyrna River 203,580 207.021 Taunton River 126.509 193.100 Thames River 497,725 427.503 Woods Hole, Mass 43,032 27,875 Washington 1,430,788 907,000 Wilmington. Del 805,447 1,016.696 Wilmington, N. C 872,426 814,291 Total 143,704,877 139,532,935 1 8 New Jersey Intracoastal Waterway Link. The Legislature of New Jersey has enacted and the Governor has approved the legislation providing for a Ship Canal across New Jersey. On April 24, 1911, Joint Resolution Number 5 appro- priated $500,000 for purchase of right of way. On April 24, 1911, Joint Resolution Number 6, providing for a Ship Canal Commission, was approved., and on July 2, 1911, Governor Woodrow Wilson appointed Messrs. Frederick W. Donnelly, of Trenton; Walter Wood, of Camden; James M. Reilly, of Newark; Charles A. McCormick, of New Brunswick; and Worthington M. Jacobus, of Rutherford, as said Commissioners. The Commission organized and elected Honorable Frederick W. Donnelly as President and Worthington M. Jacobus, Esq., as Secretary. The Commission held several sessions and attended a number of waterway conventions during 1911. On February 13, 1912, the Commission made a report to the Legislature asking that an appropriation of $25,000 be made for the Commission to extend the United States Government survey and erect monuments for the permanent location thereof, to ascer- tain a description of the lands and their owners, and for such other necessary expenses which the Commission may order to be incurred. Mr. William F. R. Griffith, formerly connected with the United States Government survey, has been engaged, and he now has the survey and map work well under way. To complete this work it will be necessary to ask for a further appropriation of $55,000. This will place in the hands of the Commission a complete survey from South Amboy to Bordentown, total length 33.7 miles, and 1,000 feet in width, comprising approximately four thousand acres of land. Respectfully submitted, W. M. JACOBUS, Secretary. 19 C P Grav P MAKER A I . .