T THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LIBRARY 338.6 L843h OAK ST. HDSF * 'I ^ cj, '3 ^ '^^\> ^■-^- J^r ilonlion. HISTORICAL MEMORANDA, CHARTERS, DOCUMENTS, AND EXTRACTS, FROM THE RECORDS OF THE CORPORATION AND THE BOOKS OF THE COMPANY. 1396 1848 . LONDON 1848 . Printed by Arthur Taylor, 39, Coleman Street, Printer to the Honourable City of London. 33S'.&> DEDICATED TO THE WARDENS, COURT OF ASSISTANTS, AND LIVERY OF THE WORSHIPFUL COMPANY OF COOPERS LONDON BY THEIR OBLIGED FRIEND AND BROTHER JAMES F. FIRTH. (jUILOilAI-L, June, 1848. 51054J Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2017 with funding from University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Alternates https://archive.org/details/historicalmemoraOOcoop COOPERS COMPANY. It is difficult to assign a correct date to the origin of the mistery or fellowship of Coopers : there is, however, no doubt but that at a very early period the occupiers of trades generally united themselves, according to their respective callings, into associations for their protection and support ; and that in course of time they became incorporated into gilds or fraternities, in many instances originally by the au- thority of the City of London, in others by grants and char- ters from the crown. It is evident from the following memoranda that the Coo- pers were one of the early misteries of the City of London. In 1396, the "" good men of the mistery of Coopers” ap- plied to the mayor and aldermen of London for an ordinance restraining those of the mistery from making vessels for beer or other liquors out of oil or soap tuns. In 1409, they made a further application to the mayor and aldermen ; upon which it was ordained that no one of the mistery of Coopers, living within the liberty of the city, should make any wooden vessels in which any liquor ought to be put, unless of pure and entire wood. In 1420, an ordinance was made requiring each Cooper to have his own mark or sign, made of iron, to mark all the barrels or kilderkins he made, a copy of which mark or figure was to be entered of record at the Guildhall. In 1422, their wardens were sworn into office before the mayor and aldermen. In 1428, the “ wardens and good men of the mistery” pre- sented a petition to the mayor, aldermen, and commons for a further ordinance for the regulation of the trade ; which was agreed to and passed. ( 6 ) In 1440, they applied for further powers for the regulation of the trade and punishment of offenders ; which was in like manner complied with. In 1457, the mayor and aldermen ordered defective casks to be burnt ; and passed an ordinance that all vessels of un- clean and sappy timber, or lacking their just measure, should be burnt. In 1488, the wardens and other good men of the mistery applied to the mayor and aldermen for extended rules and orders for the better government of the trade and the regu- lation of their members ; which were confirmed and granted. And in 1 50 1 , by charter of King Henry VII. dated the 29th of April in the I6th year of his reign, under writ of privy seal and by the authority of Parliament, the Company was incorporated a fraternity or gild for ever ; the charter de- scribing them at that time as Citizens and Coopers of the art and mistery of Coopers of the City of London.’" By this charter the master, wardens, and commonalty of the freemen were yearly, on Sunday next before Pentecost, to elect and make from amongst themselves one master and two wardens or keepers, to superintend, rule, and govern the mistery and commonalty. It also gave them power to make laws and statutes for the scrutiny, correction, and governance of all freemen of the city using the trade, as well as for amend- ing defects, so as to be of the greatest use to the common people. In a subsequent charter of the 30th August, 1662, 13th of Charles II., being the governing charter, the above is recited, and all the powers and privileges therein contained are rati- fied and confirmed, save and except such parts as were then otherwise granted, altered, added, or supplied ; and by this the election for master and wardens is appointed to take place yearly on the Monday next before the Feast of Pentecost. As the documents on which the foregoing statement is founded supply some curious information, they will now be given at length in their original form. ( 7 ) I. 6 April, 1396, 19 Rich. 11. Ordinance by the Mayor and Aldermen. Ordinacio facta pro Coupers, qils de dit mister’ ne facent vesselx dez tonelx doyle, sope, & autres choses. Sexto die Aprilis anno regni regis Ricardi secundi decimo nono ; probi hoies mister’ de Coupers, London, porrexerunt Maiori & Aldermannis quandam billam tenorem infrascrip -< turn continentem. A tres honurables & sages seignurs Maire Recordour & Aldermans de la Citee de Londres supplient tres humble- ment les bones gentz del mistier des Coupers de Londres, qe come diverses persones du dit mistier achatent tonelx doyle sope bareir & tonelx, pur wood des queux ils fount barell’ pur cervoise & autres licours, les queux sount de tiel odour q; le cervoise ou licour mys dedeins est perduz & corrupt, as guntz damages auxi bien de braceours come autres comuners du d’ce citee & tres gunt esclaundre des bones gentz du dit mistier : Et auxi facent tonelx vates kemelynes & autres vesseux appurtenantz a braceours de meresme qest faux & deceyvable, par queux sovent les braceours sount descieux & ount gunt perde & damage, et sovent ount pleynes en le court de viscountz v’s gentz du dite mistier, a gunt desclaundre de mesme mistier ; et ascuns du dite mistier qant ils sount trovez en defaute ne voilent estre justifieez, mes usent faire ves- seux de tiel faux meresme de jour en autre a gunt disceit & damage del coe poeple : Qe plese as voz treshonurables & tressages sies de gunter as gardeyns du dite mistier & lour successours qils puissent visiter les shoppes & mesons des gentz du dite mistier & surveier lo^ meresme & vesselx, qils soient bones & covenables, & ceux qe sount faux & descey- vablement faite amesner a Guyhall pur profit del chambre & la estre condempneez : et q; celuy q; soit trove en defaute qil paie al primer defaute vjs viijd, sterling, nother penny more nor less for ever. 1547. An order was made that every young man, after his ability, should either bring in or give to the craft, beyond cus- tomary charges, a noble, or a silver spoon of the price of 65. This was carried out for many years on all occasions of presenting or binding apprentices, and admissions to the freedom. The Company in consequence became possessed of a considerable number and variety of spoons, which were sold and disposed of from time to time to meet their exigen- cies, not one now remaining with them. The following, amongst a variety of others, is adduced as an instance in illustration of the foregoing statement : 1589. Received for twenty-seven gilt spoons, weighing 50J oz., at 55. Ad, the ounce, which spoons were sold by con- sent of court, 13/. 95. ; more for nine white silver spoons, weighing 10| oz., at 45. 8c?. per ounce, 21. II 5 .; and paid to the goldsmith for weighing the spoons 6c?. 1596, June 22. The accounts of the master and wardens being delivered to certain persons for audit, under an order of court of this day, the auditors found divers defects in them ; whereupon the master and wardens, calling to them fourteen of the antients of the Company according to an order, for goods misspent in the time of the upper warden’s office, fined him, of favour, 5/. 1603, Feb. 21. The court passed the following order : “ Forasmuch as notice hath been already given by precept directed to the master and wardens of this Companye, from the right honourable the lord mayor of this cittye, that the ( 53 ) King’s most excellent majesty doth purpose to ryde from the Tower of London through this cittye in state, which he for- bare at His Majesty’s coronation, in respect of God’s visita- tion then in this cittye ; and therefore the several companies of this cittye, in places in the streets appointed, are to sett up the rails or standings belonging unto them, together with their banners and other ornaments, within which rails them- selves are to stand, against His Majesty’s ryding by, for the better creditt of this cittye : It is therefore this day ordered and agreed, that a newe banner with the King’s Majesty’s armes shall be forthwith newe made for this Company (against His Majesty’s ryding through this cittye as aforesaid) at the charges of this Company. Whereupon George Knight, painter steyner in Fenchurch street, being called into this court, hath undertaken, for the sum of Al. 135. Ad., to make the same well and workmanlye, that no man can mend it, and to painte the staff belonging to it and all other stafFes belonging to the banners of this Company. And further, for the sum of 55. more to fringe the same. All which shall be readye and workmanlye performed and delivered unto this Company, soe finished, at the least one week before anye occasion to use the same.” 1609--1612. The several companies being assessed for the establishment of the Plantation in Ireland (Irish Society), the Coopers took measures for raising their portion from and amongst their members ; and in 1609 received 60/. 55. from them, and paid to the chamberlain 50/. for their first and second quota or instalment ; and in the following year they collected from their members 24/. 55., and paid 90/. towards the plantation ; but in the year 1612, feeling them- selves unable to continue the further advances then required, they certified the same to the court of Aldermen, and also that they were willing to lose all such monies as they had formerly contributed, and to pass over their right to such as would undertake the payment for them and free them of all future payments for the said plantation. The court of Aider- men upon this agreed that the chamberlain should disburse the assessments on the Coopers, and also the Brownbakers ( 54 ) Company, and tlie city receive all the benefit and profit then due and thereafter growing due to those companies from the plantation. Under this arrangement the city receives the Coopers Company’s proportion, through the Ironmongers Company, with whom they were associated. 1632, January 29. The Company being assessed at 7/. towards the payment of 1000/. to the king for the murder of Dr. Lambe in the city, and no man attached for the same, that being their rateable portion, the younger warden, for his love to the Company, and for easing the members from any assessment for the same, agreed to pay the said 11 ., so that he be no more chosen younger warden. 1636, June 16. Twenty shillings given for setting up the Company’s arms in the glass window of the parish church of St. Alban, Wood street. 1638, May 24. Given to William Clutton, a captive, 40^. November 12. Received of Thomas Bretton, for a fine for several gross abuses against the whole court of the Com- pany in very reproachful words ; as also for an affront offered to us before Sir Richard Fenn, knt., lord mayor of London, in this hall, only, in favour, 50^. 1639, March 12. Richard Mills, under warden, being negligent and remiss in attendance in the execution of his office, fined 20/. 1643, August 22. The Company’s plate, w^orth between 150/. and 200/., ordered to be sold towards defraying the Company’s proportion of 350/., part of 50,000/. to be raised by the companies. 1649, January 24. Twenty dozen of spoons, weighing 349^ oz., ordered to be sold towards the expense of enlarg- ing the court parlour ; there then remained four dozen and four spoons in the warden’s custody, besides the spoons re- ceived that year. ( 55 ) 1652, May 6. On numbering the spoons received in the time of the master that year, they were found to be twenty- three, which were delivered to the warden, together with a beer barrel. 1653, June 9. The order of 1649 for enlarging the court parlour being read, a committee was appointed, with power to carry the same into effect at the costs of the Company. The monthly courts were appointed to be held on the first Tuesday instead of the first Thursday. June 23. The parlour of the hall contracted for, to be en- larged. October 4. The arms of the Company, and of several mem- bers, to be artificially drawn and coloured in glass, and put up in the windows of the court parlour. 1 654, October 10. It was agreed that consideration should be had as to altering the election day from the Sabbath, as formerly, to some other day. 1656, May 18. Election day : two parties being elected wardens, and declining to serve but agreeing to fine, two others were immediately chosen in their stead. 1657, January 12. One third of the livery yearly to at- tend the master and wardens on lord mayor’s day. 1658, April 20. Consideration being had for the alteration of election day from the Sabbath to the following Monday, and the manner of observance of the same, it was ordered that the choice be made in the hall about nine o’clock, at which time all the livery are to be summoned ; and after such choice the livery should go from thence, in their gowns and hoods, to the parish church, to hear a sermon, and return again to the hall, where a dinner (not in the way of a feast) is to be provided, the same to be in lieu of the potation or drinking with cakes, formerly used ; and the master and war- dens then chosen should each pay 405. towards the charges of the dinner, and be excused from giving entertainments to ( 56 ) the livery at their own houses, on their return from the hall, as formerly. 1659, October 13. The livery fine was fixed at 15/. 1660, July 17. The Brasil staff was ordered to be fitted with a silver top and the Company’s arms, and a cloth gown to be provided for the beadle, to be worn and carried by him at such times as the livery appear at public meetings ; and each liveryman to pay 2s. 6c/. towards the charges of the same. January 17. A committee was appointed for enlarging the charter and ordinances of the Company, and to report to a general court of the livery. 1661 , April 1 1 . The committee reported on the foregoing reference ; and a petition to His Majesty for renewing the charter was read and approved. 1662, June 3. The new charter was brought into court by the clerk, and twelve assistants named therein were sworn into office. 1663, October 6. The names of the members who sub- scribed towards the charges of the Company’s barge, with the amount from each, were ordered to be entered. 154/. 10s. was the total sum received. February 9. An abstract of the Company’s ordinances was ordered to be put up in the hall, that the commonalty might have knowledge of the same. In 1664, an ordinance was made that the seals for sealing of casks should only remain in the custody of the wardens or their deputies. On a precept from the lord mayor, for voluntary subscrip- tions towards building a ship or frigate for His Majesty’s service, the master, wardens, and assistants subscribed, and ordered the livery and other members to be specially sum- moned to appear for that purpose ; in consequence of which. ( 57 ) most of the livery attended at a court with their subscriptions, but the commonalty, not attending, were ordered to be sum- moned again, when several attended and subscribed. Forty-eight liverymen were present at the election of mas- ter and w'ardens this year. November 17. Upon occasion of a special court of assis- tants to consult for raising and paying to the chamberlain of London this Company's proportion of 1000/. towards a loan of 100,000/. unto His Majesty, upon a letter sent from the right honourable the lord mayor, it was resolved that the Company shall and will provide, and have in readiness in some short time, the sum of 600/., to be carried into the Chamber of London as the whole of their portion which they can well raise. And in order thereto, it was voted and ordered that 200/. thereof be had out of the stock of this Company, and by the sale of several dozens of spoons and five silver wine-cups. And the remainder of the said 600/. be borrowed of such of the assistants and others that will lend the same upon security thereof, with interest to be given them respec- tively under the corporation seal. Whereupon there was sold 251 spoons and four wine-cups, weighing 316 ounces and 18 pennyweights, at 5s. 2^d. per ounce, for 97/. 15s. 2d. ; and eight dozen and seven spoons and one wine-cup, which ac- cording to the weight thereof amounted to 44/. 19s. Id. And warden Driver received for all the said spoons, being twenty- nine dozen spoons (two dozen whereof were silver gilt), and for the said five wine cups, 142/. 14s. 3d., to which sum he is to add so much money belonging to the Company as to make up the full sum of 200/., as is above ordered. November 24. Eight of the court, and the clerk, lent 50/. each to the Company towards the same. Tuesday the 4th September, 1666, was appointed to be a monthly court ; but, in respect of the dreadful devouring fire in the city, and near unto the hall, the same was deferred ; and the two wardens took care for removing and preserving the writings, plate, linen, pewter, and what other goods could be saved in that time of amazement and distraction, the clerk assisting in collecting and conveying away the register-books ( 58 ) and other writings and papers belonging to the Company. The expense attendant upon their removal amounted to 5/. I9s. 2d. Tuesday, September 11, 1666. At a court held at the Queen’s Head, Bishopsgate street. Inasmuch as the late sad and wasting fire in London hath consumed (amongst multi- tudes of other fair houses) the common hall of this Com- pany, it is unanimously voted and ordered by the persons now present, that the writings, plate, books, linen, and other goods which were lately removed thence and preserved from the flames be speedily conveyed unto and kept in the house and custody of Mr. Morris, the upper warden, till further order. October. In consequence of the loss the Company had sustained in their London rents for their houses, burnt at the Fire, the quarterly payments to the London pensioners were suspended ; and the Company’s plate, except special gifts, ordered to be sold towards the discharge of their debt. It produced 195/. I Os. November 6. The court ordered the ground where the late hall stood to be cleared, in order to its rebuilding. The Company’s meetings were held at Bricklayers’ hall. The Company this year paid 70/. for their proportion to- wards the expense of building the ship “ London.” On the 5th March, 1666, the court resolved to forbear subscriptions from the members of the Company, towards their necessary charges, till subscriptions were taken from them for rebuilding the common hall. 1667, July 4. An order was passed that the plate and writings, ^c., be continued in the custody of Mr. Morris, then master, till the new wardens demand the same. 167L June 6. An order was passed for fining every livery- man not attending an election day 25. 6d., unless absent by leave or showing a reasonable excuse. July 1 1. A member was removed from being an assistant, in respect of his continual residence in the country, and his unserviceablcness to the Company. ( 59 ) October 11. An order was passed for all the livery to meet at the hall on lord mayor's day, by seven o'clock in the morning, when eight trumpeters were to be provided, the court resolving to have no other music ; and the erecting of standings in the streets, with banners and ornaments, was ordered to be forborne, the Company only attending (in the memory of man) in their barge on the water on that day. December 19. An order was passed for discontinuing the sermon under Mr. Cloker's will till St. Michael’s church was rebuilt ; but the other requirements under the will were directed to be performed. 1672, April 2. It was agreed that the hall should be used as a meeting-place on Sundays for public worship, ac- cording to the king’s proclamation, on condition it was not let for less than 40/. ‘per annum. April 12. An order was passed, that on letting or using the hall for the entertainment of persons at weddings, fune- rals, or such like assemblies, 40^. should be reserved for the use of the Company’s poor, beside what the clerk and beadle might receive, except where it immediately concerned any of the livery. August 6. The kitchen chimney ordered to be mended, and the cellar under the little parlour paved. September 3. The New-River water ordered to be taken in for the use of the house, and 4/. assessed upon a member refusing to subscribe towards the new building. September 10. A vote was passed for suspending the calling of any person to be upon the livery this year. October 8. An order was passed for the Company’s own barge only to be used on lord mayor’s day ; and that such of the livery as could not be received on board were to be enter- tained at a victualling-house on Three-Cranes wharf, till the return of the barge from Westminster, and then to follow in order with the rest to Coopers Hall. The following is the order for disposing of 160 dozen of cakes and 18 gallons of wine provided for the occasion; viz., 90 dozen cakes and 10 gallons of wine on hoard the barge; 60 dozen cakes and 8 gallons of wine at the victualling-house. ( 60 ) and the remaining 10 dozen of cakes sent to the hall for tlie stewards and others there ; each person to have 8 cakes de- livered him, and to every number of four a bottle of wine. January 16. An order was passed, as the number of livery had much increased, that one fourth part, and no more, at- tend the master and wardens on lord mayor's day. March 4. The pictures formerly hanging up in the old hall, which were preserved from the fire, ordered to be cleaned, framed, and hung up. 1673, April 24. At the election of a clerk, the king's let- ter on behalf of one of the candidates, and the lord mayor's on behalf of another, were read, and ordered to be kept. June 3. The cellar under the hall parlour was agreed to be let for 5Z. per annum. March 10. Seven liverymen were fined 405. each for not dining on lord mayor’s day. At election day, 1st June, 1674, great offence was taken at the livery not appearing in their gowns. 1674, December 1. The court refused to pay tithes to the parson of Bassishaw, for uncharitable words spoken by him. February 17. An order was passed that 205. only be re- ceived for the use of the Company for every wedding or burial out of the hall. The long gallery at the hall, with the entrance through the back door, agreed to be let to the incumbent of Bassishaw parish, for the parishioners to meet on Sundays and other public days for worship, at a rent of 20/. per annum. 1675, May 12. An order was passed that three persons be continued in future to be put in nomination for master. September 5. George Jefferies, esquire, common serjeant, chosen standing counsel to the Company. 1676, September 5. Agreed that Mr. Stump, sheriff elect, should have the conveniences of the Company's hall on all occasions during his shrievalty. ( 61 ) 1682, October 31. Order that no stranger sit at the first or upper table in the hall, on lord mayor’s day, with the master, wardens, and assistants, and their wives. February 6. An assistant put out and removed from his place for uselessness and unserviceableness therein, he not having appeared on any summons, nor given any attendance on the duty of his place, for above a year past. 1684. A fine of 2s. was imposed upon every member not attending the court at the time when summoned, or depart- ing therefrom without leave. 1687. The Company had a bargemaster, mate, and four- teen watermen. 1717. The London pensioners were ordered to be thirty ; and in 1727 their allowances were advanced to 405. yearly. 1738. Five were added to their number. 1741. Five more were added. 1743. Up to this time, according to the custom and usage of the city of London, no gentleman served the office of lord mayor unless he was a member of one of the twelve principal companies ; and those who did not belong to one of the twelve was translated from his original company to such of them as he pleased previous to taking office, as was the case in 1557, when Sir Thomas Curteis was translated from the Pewterers to the Fishmongers ; 1578, Sir Richard Pipe, from the Leathersellers to the Drapers; and 1598, Sir Stephen Soame, from the Girdlers to the Grocers. This year, how- ever, Robert Willimott, esq., alderman of the ward of Lime street, and a member of the Company, who served sheriff in the year 1741, being elected lord mayor, broke through this practice for the first time, and declined being translated to any other. The Company are now in possession of a waiter presented by him, with the following inscription engraven thereon : ( 62 ) ROBERT WILLIMOTT, Esa., “Alderman op the Ward of Lime Street, “ At the unanimous request of the Master, Wardens, and Court of Assistants of The Worshipfull Company of Coopers, did without tlie least hesitation promise that he would not, in conformity to the practice of others, translate him- self from them to any one of the twelve first companies when he should be elected Lord Mayor of the City of London : and having accordingly remained one of their body at the time of his being sworn into that high office, which was on the 28th of October, 1742, the Company, conscious of the honour resulting to them from this compliance, of being the only company (except the twelve first) that ever had a lord mayor one of their number, made all the acknowledgments in their power to his lordship for it ; they appeared in a grand and splendid manner on the Lord Mayor’s day, both by land and water; unanimously elected him their Master, May 16, 1743 ; and would not pennit him to pay the usual fines for any of the offices he had not passed through. Ilis lordship, to shew his gratefull sense of these their repeated favours, prayed and prevailed with the Wardens and Court of Assistants, to accept this and one other silver waiter like it, to be added to the Company’s plate.” 1762. Ten additional pensioners appointed. 1775. The sealing of casks was ordered to be dropped, unless the Brewers Company would undertake to pay the expenses. 1814. The corporation of London gave a grand enter- tainment at Guildhall to H.R.H. the Prince Regent and his illustrious guests the Emperor of Russia and the King of Prussia; upon this occasion the Company granted the loan of their plate with the use of their hall, and the dinner served upon the royal table was cooked in their kitchen. 1824. Previous to this time, the elections for master and wardens for several years were little attended to by the livery, although duly summoned, and scarcely any interest taken in those elections ; but public attention having been drawn to proceedings instituted against the Company in the court of Chancery for improperly administering the charity at Egham, in which a decree had been obtained against them, and a desire having been manifested on the part of some members of the livery to obtain information as to the mode of conducting the Company’s affairs and the administration of its funds and finances, Mr. Abraham Algar, a freeman and ( 63 ) liveryman of several years standing, who had paid his fine for steward, was put in nomination for under warden, in ad- dition to two gentlemen nominated by the court for that office ; and on the election day this year, Mr, Algar was chosen by a considerable majority, and subsequently admitted and sw'orn into office, the court having previously taken the opi- nion of counsel as to the right of the livery to nominate. On the following and two successive years he was in like manner nominated and chosen upper warden ; and another member of the livery nominated and chosen under warden; and from that time to the present, the wardens have been elected out of the livery, whereby that body is fairly represented in the court, and have the means of knowing how the Company's affairs are conducted. The accounts are also annually re- ported to the common hall or livery on election day ; and it is highly satisfactory to be enabled to state that the utmost good will exists between all the members of the community. The wardens, at the expiration of their office, return to their standing in the livery. In the year 1828 a poll took place for the election of under warden, and was continued for three days. In 1827, a society of members of the livery was instituted, who meet yearly, and contribute their good offices towards the advancement and prosperity of the Company. In 1834, a Commission was established to enquire into municipal corporations in England and Wales. Their inquiry into the corporation of London occupied a considerable pe- riod, and when their labours on that head were concluded they proceeded with the companies. The Coopers Company came under their revision on the 18th November in that year, when the court and several of the livery attended and were heard fully on the management of the Company's affairs ; and the commissioners say in their Report, We are in- formed that much good has been effected by the restoration of the rights of the livery, and that the election of the annual wardens to the permanent court has been productive of ge- neral benefit to the Company.” ( 64 ) The legislature having passed an Act authorizing the ad- mission of members into corporations, upon the parties taking the oath of office agreeably to the forms of their own reli- gion, many members of the Hebrew nation who were anxi- ous to become freemen of London availed themselves of the opportunity thus afforded of so doing, and amongst others Mr. David Salomons was an early applicant. He was admitted a freeman and liveryman of the Company on the fifth day of July, 1831 ; and having, in the year 183,5, been elected sheriff of London and Middlesex, was attended and supported during the year of office with every mark of respect by his Company, and chosen a member of the court of assistants. He served the office of master in the year 1841 ; and shortly after his election as alderman of the ward of Cordwainer, in December, 1847, he was entertained by the court in com- memoration of the event. They were favoured upon that oc- casion with the presence of the right honourable John Kin- nersley Hooper, lord mayor, John Masterman, esq. M.P., John Johnson, esq. and Thomas Farncomb, esq. aldermen; Sir Felix Booth, hart. ; Henry Alworth Merewether, D.C.L., serjeant-at-law, town clerk ; David Williams Wire, esq., one of the under-sheriffs ; Philip Salomons, esq., Aaron Asher Goldsmid, esq., Philip Joseph Salomons, esq., Simon Samuel, esq. ; the deputy and common council of the ward of Cord- wainer; J. B. Bunning, esq., architect to the corporation, and several distinguished persons, when a confident hope was expressed that, as the Company had been the first to break through the custom of the lord mayor being translated to one of the twelve companies, so they also, at no distant period,' would be the first to have one of their members, in the per- son of Mr. Alderman Salomons, a gentleman of the Hebrew nation, filling the dignified and important station of lord mayor of this great city. 9^ m dd -f^KtryviCiK ^ ., y' rit.9 '■%(ns • ,q^-e^^^^k^'^()i^^ ^ Hi •♦'\)tx^y^ C^f4i:^^C^t>mt^x>\j(~ ■f" ' rQpTVHrtfy A d. Received at two searches made amongst the beer and ale brewers within the City and without ; viz., Westminster, St. Giles's, Islington, Stratford, and Ratcliff, and among the brethren of the fellowship, for and towards the charges of the dinners of the Master, Wardens, and their associates, and for the officers’ duties and other payments, viz., in four days in August, 485. 2d., and three days in April, 425. Id. . . 4 The following members contributed to- wards the charge of providing the site for the Royal Exchange : Mr. John Heath ..500 Mr. Stephen Heath . . 1 10 0 Mr. Wilsone . . 10 0 Mr. Edmond Birde . . 10 0 5 . d. 0 0 17 8 0 0 2 10 17 11 4 6 3 6 10 9 8 10 0 1569. £ s. d. ( 95 ) Paid sundry members the rest and re- mainder of monies put into the lot- tery . . . . 8 1570. Paid for an Act of Common Council made against the setting awork of foreigners Paid for nine gallons one quart sack, 1 5s. 5d., a gallon of Rhenish wine, 2^., and a runlet, \2d. 1574. Money received of the fellowship, for the provision of gunpowder . . 12 Paid for 180 lbs. of gunpowder . . 10 1578. Paid for a vizor Paid for rods Paid two men that whipped the two that did offend 1580. Received for press-money for seven fo- reigners and Flemings which Mr. Mere pressed in his wardenship to the Queen's work on Tower hill Received for certain parcels of plate by this Company sold, appertaining to the house . . , . 5 1587. Paid to the Chamberlain, by virtue of a precept from my Lord Mayor to the Company, for lands concealed from His Majesty . . . . 5 1590. Paid to Mr. Chester, deputy to Mr. Cla- renceux King of Arms, for registering the Company's arms 1591. Paid for a chain for the Bible 1592. Paid for a new Bible and a new Service- book for the chapel . . 1 1593. Paid to a painter, for painting the Com- pany’s arms in books given by Master Swaine 2 0 0 2 18 5 10 0 13 6 2 0 0 2 1 0 7 0 2 6 2 6 10 0 0 6 2 4 12 0 < “ ' £ W, Pa(/ea7its. 1529. Paid for 16 yds. of white cotton for Mid- summer, for the watch, with making 10 0 1533. Paid to the goodman Hall, carpenter, for the scaffold whereon the clothing stood at the ordination of the Queen 0 1 1 Paid for meat and drink spent in the barge when we went to fetch the Queen at Greenwich, to the Tower . . 13 1539. Paid for 20 yards of white cotton, at Id. a yard . . . . 118 Paid for scouring of the harness, and for canvas, for making and sewing of it 110 Paid for the making of the four coats 2 0 Paid for three sheaf of arrows . . 7 6 Paid to old Asplyn for lend of his harness 1 2 Paid for new feathering of eighteen shafts and six arrows . . . . 13 Paid for two pair of splints . . 3 10 Paid for four bows . . . . 6 9 Paid for red cloth for the crosses and arms . . . . 10 Paid for bow-strings . . 0 4 Paid for the scouring of Asplyn’s harness 0 4 Paid for faggot, drink, and bread . . 0 5 Paid to a man that was admitted to shoot 0 8 Paid for fire, bread, and drink . . 0 3 Paid for a gorget to Mr. Clarke . . 0 10 Paid for four shooting-gloves . . 14 Paid for four brassers . . 0 6 Paid for buckles, nails, leathers, and for canvas for the saletts . . 4 0 Paid for three dozen of arming-points 0 9 Paid to the armourer for new scouring of the harness . . . . 4 0 Paid to the fletcher for setting on heads on the arrows . . . . 0 6 £ s. d. ( 97 ) 1539. Paid for two bills making, for the chang- ing of bows to morris-pikes . . 0 3 Paid for four white caps . . 2 0 Paid for another bow . . 18 Paid for breakfast for the four men . . 0 9 Paid to the four men for prest-money 2 8 Paid for eight cresset-staves . . 0 8 Paid to John Dyar, to shave the same 0 8 Paid for eight new cressets . . 16 10 Paid for a harness, splints, and a salett 13 8 1540. Paid, against the receiving of my Lady Ann, to John Creke carpenter, for four- teen scutcheons working, and for set- ting on the leathers . . 7 2 For mending of the two blue cloths that hung about the barge, which was rent at her coming into Greenwich . . 2 0 Paid to Master Alysander, painter, for the painting of the fourteen targets 14 0 And given to his servant to drink . . 0 4 Paid to him that played on the instru- ment in the barge . . 3 4 The charges of bread, meat, and drink for the Company in the barge : To the goodwife Swayne, for half a dozen bread . . . . 0 6 More to her, for a gallon and a pottle of beer, and for a gallon of good ale 0 4 For a jolle of fresh salmon, and a jolle of salt salmon, and for two gurnards 2 10 At the grocer’s, for cloves, mace, and 1 lb. of small raisins . . 14 For 3 lbs. of great raisins, and for 2 lbs. of prunes . . . . 0 6 For eight white cups, to drink in the barge 0 4 For 14 lbs. of shafte eels . . 19 To the cook for the baking of the pies 1 0 Paid for ten badges for the cresset-bearers and bag-bearers . . 18 H £ s. d. ( 98 ) 1547. Payments against Midsummer night, to- wards the cresset-lights : For 16 yards of white cotton, for four coats, at 7 c?. a yard . . 9 4 For J red cloth, for crosses with the arms of the city . . 10 For making of the same coats . . 2 0 For 10 stone of cresset-lights, at Sd. a stone . . . . 2 8 For eight straw hats . . 0 8 For badges to set on them . . 18 For ells of canvas | broad, for a bag to bear the cresset-lights in . . 0 6 For new feathering and dressing of two sheaf of arrows . . 10 To Master Williamson, for one sheaf of arrows . . . . 18 To eight cresset-bearers and two bag- bearers, for their wages for both the nights . . . . 10 0 For bread, ale, and beer for them, for both nights . . . . 0 8 To the clerk for his attendance, for both nights . . . . 0 8 For four shooting-gloves and four brassers . . . . 18 To the armourer, for scouring all the harness . . . . 3 4 1 556. Paid in prest to six men, 6s . ; for two bows, 5s . ; for three bills, 45. Id. ; and for a sheaf of arrows, 25. .. 17 1 1558. Paid, when Queen Elizabeth came to take possession of the Tower, for the loan of a broad cloth for our standing, 2d. ; for the carriage of our standing from the hall and home again, l5. ; to the carpen- ter for setting up and taking down and mending our frame, 35. ; for nails, 4c?. ; and for the beadle's dinner, 6d. . . 5 0 ( 99 ) ^ 1558. Paid in January when theQueen came from Westminster to the Tower by water 2 Paid, 14th January, when the Queen came from the Tower to her coronation, for setting up our standing, 2s. ; for cord for the banner-staves, 2d. ; for carriage and recarriage of our standing, I6d. ; for silk for mending our streamers, 4d. ; for car- riage and recarriage of a broad cloth, 46?. ; for dinner for me and the beadle, 1^. 1 559. Costs and charges of 1 6 men to muster be- fore the Queen's majesty at Greenwich, with the rest of the companies appointed for the city, in the month of July 4 1564. Costs and charges for two new streamers and a banner : For crimson sarsnet 2 0 0 6 ells green sarsnet 2 8 0 2 ells black taffeta 14 0 21 J oz. silk fringe 2 3 0 3 yds. buckram 2 6 The painter, for his workman- ship . . 4 14 4 For two poles for the ban- ner-staves 2 0 The joiner, for making them 1 8 The turner, for staves to roll the banners on 3 4 For three poles to hang the banners upon 0 9 For making them 0 8 For iron to hang the ban- ners upon 1 0 1570. Paid for our standing when the Queen’s majesty went to Sir Thomas Gresham’s house ; that is to say, for the cloth, 25. ; to the carpenter, 35. 4d. ; for 2 quar- 5 . d. 1 6 5 2 6 9 1 10 9 5 £ s. d. ( 100 ) ters, 18t/. ; for 200 nails, \2d. ; for five white staves for the whifflcrs, 10c?.; for drink for the beadle, 4c?. ; and for four deal boards, 3s. 4c?. . . 12 10 1571. Received of certain strangers, and others of the fellowship, for and towards the charges in mustering thirty-four sol- diers, set out by the Company to make a show before the Queen's majesty at Greenwich, on May-day . . 18 4 Paid, for furnishing the said soldiers, for calivers, flasks, touchboxes, gunpowder, meat, drink, and other necessaries 19 2 4 Paid for cruell for the flasks and touch- boxes for the calivers . . 8 8 1584. Charges laid out, for training up and mus- tering of fifty men before the Queen’s majesty at Greenwich : For gunpowder .. .. 4 14 10 Match . . . . 12 0 Silk ribbon for their head-pieces 16 4 Victuals for the soldiers before they went to Greenwich .. 1 17 11 For drinking for the Wardens and Com- pany, at sundry times when they went into the fields with the soldiers 17 11 For a dinner for the Wardens at Green- wich . . . . 18 0 For a boat to carry down their match, powder, and victuals . . 2 0 For a dinner for certain of the Com- pany, the captain, and his officers 2 4 5 To the captain for his wages . . 5 6 7 For training up twenty-five of the same soldiers, being shot, the first day, at 6c?. the man .. .. 12 6 Paid the second day, for training up twenty-five shot and twenty-six pikes and halberts . . . . 15 0 ( 10 . ) ^ 1584. Paid the third day, for the like . . 1 Paid the l7th and 18 th of May, to the soldiers for their wages . . 2 Paid for trimming up the calivers and corslets . . . . 2 Paid for an Act of Common Council Paid to the Lord Mayor's officer . . Paid to Mr. Smith, for a recognizance Paid for ten torches and ten links 1588. Paid for white staves, when the Queen came to Paul’s cross Paid for three deal boards for our standing, when the Queen came to Paul’s cross, and for nails For hire of a blue cloth, and carriage For a link and three staff- torches For packthread For carriage of our standing from Ludgate to our hall Monies received of members, for gilding Her Majesty’s arms in the hall, and for making our own ensign . . 11 Sundry payments to goldsmith, for graving the rod of iron for guaging, and other matters connected therewith. Payments for painting the Queen’s arms and for a new ensign : To the painter, for painting the Queen's arms in the hall, and the Company’s arms in the ensign . . 4 For a curtain-rod, for the arms in our hall To the painter, more, for painting the arms in our hall For 13 ells of silk, to make the ensign, at 8s. 2t?. the ell . . 5 For making the ensign For a staff for the ensign To him that bought the silk s. d. 5 6 3 0 10 0 6 8 2 0 2 0 13 4 4 0 7 10 2 6 3 4 0 1 0 8 8 2 10 0 0 7 6 8 7 2 8 0 2 0 0 6 1588. 1591. 1602. 1603. 1605. 1606. 1607. ( 102 ) For fustian for the same ensign . . For an iron to hang the same ensign upon Paid for our forms at Paul’s cross on the coronation day . . Received of divers of the Company, as money collected for and towards the King’s coronation Paid towards the King’s coronation Paid the Chamberlain, for the monies as- sessed on the Company towards the pageants and other shows, against the King’s riding through London, 15th 23 17 s. d. 1 10 1 3 1 0 16 1 10 0 March 5 16 8 Two further payments of 565. each . . 5 12 0 Paid for new banners, ^c. 6 10 4 Paid for lengthening the new rails or standings in Fleet street 7 13 0 Ten white staves for the whifflers 3 4 Ribbons for them . . 12 0 Paid for a dinner for the Company that day 3 13 0 Paid for forms at Paul’s, on the coronation day 2 6 Paid for a new banner 4 2 0 Paid the assessment for shows, against His Majesty and the king of Denmark riding through the city, 21st July 7 0 0 Charges about the standing, including 3/. 95. Id. for a dinner . . 5 16 10 Paid, 24th March, being the beginning of His Majesty’s reign, when we came from Paul’s cross, for dinner at the Boar’s Head in Old Fish street . . 2 5 11 Paid for forms at Paul's cross, three times, 95. ; and for forms in Paul’s church, 2s.e>d. .. .. 11 6 Paid, the 5th day of November, being the King’s day for the Parliament cause, for d. ( 103 ) a dinner at the Queen's Arms in St. Martin's 1609. Paid, 31st May, for barge-hire, to attend the Prince to Whitehall from Chelsea, against his creating Prince of Wales Bread, beer, and cakes For wine in the barge, 8^. 6c?. ; for supper, ll. Os, %d. £ 1 2 0 2 5 0 4 11 1 9 2 Royal Aids, Provision of Soldiers, ^c. 1537. The Company being called upon to pro- vide and set forth four men towards the King's wars in the north country, paid the following charges in respect thereof : For four pair of Almayne rivets, with saletts, gorgets, and splints For 20 yards of white cotton, for coats for our men, at a yard For the making of the said coats, to the tailor For two black bills For four bows . . To Edward Bayne and to Hary Barret, for prest-money For two dozen of long arming-points For four horses for them More for one saddle, and for mending of 3 saddles, and for bridles and girths Paid to Edward Bayne and Hary Barret, for their boots and spurs, and jerkins of russet cotton Paid to John Low and to John But- ler, for their prest-money Paid more, for two swords for them Paid to them for their boots and spurs Paid for shoeing and for nailing of the four horses 40 0 11 8 2 0 2 6 4 0 5 0 0 8 3 118 13 4 8 4 2 0 3 4 6 8 0 12 ( 104 ) 1537. For bow-strings For two shooting-gloves and for two brasers A dozen of arming-points Paid to the said four men, for their con- duct-money . . For the meat of the four horses for a day and a night Paid more for horse-meat Paid more to the said four men, for their own meat and for their horses’ meat for a night Paid and allowed for two daggers for the four men Paid to John Moor and to John Dyar, for their labour for seven days, run- ning and going about at the Wardens’ commandment Paid to three of the same men, for their horses and their harness, by the com- mandment of the Mayor Sum . . 10/. 8s. Id. Mem. Be it known that the same three horses was kept so long at livery that their meat came to the sum of 15s. Id. ; so were they fain to let them have two of the horses for their meat, and besides that paid the sum of And the third horse was sold to a hoope- man for the sum of as much as is writ- ten before in the receipts ; and the fourth horse, and the harness for Ed- ward Bayne’s own body, the said Edward ran quite away with. 0 2 0 G 0 4 20 0 2 3 0 16 3 4 4 8 3 4 30 0 15 1 ] 542. The following charges were paid in setting forth two men, notwithstanding one was after clearly put out and discharged by my lord the Mayor and by the captain : £ s. d. ( 105 ) 1542. First, paid for two swords and for two daggers . . . . 52 For two sword-girdles . . 0 8 For two white caps for them . . 0 10 For one dozen of arming-points . . 0 2 For 3J yards of plain white, for two coats, at 20c?. a yard . . 5 4^ For 2| yards of white fustian, for an arming-doublet, at 8d. a yard . . 1 1C For an ell of canvas for the same doublet 0 6 For two black bills to Sir Richard Gressam . . . . 3 0 For 3 yards of white kersey, that made our man a coat, because the tother coats’ cloth the Mayor nor the cap- tain would not allow, at I6c?. a yard 4 0 Paid for a pair of white upper slippers 1 8 Paid and given to our said man, in a rev/ard, for the honesty of the occu- pation, to drink by the way . . 10 For 6 yards of white cotton, for to make another white coat, against Midsum- mer . . . . 3 0 Paid to the tailor, for the making of two coats of plain cloth . . 10 For red cloth for the crosses set on all the coats . . . . 0 10 For the making of the kersey coat 0 8 For the making of the arming-doublet 1 0 Paid to the armourer, for this year’s making clean the harness . . 2 0 For two coats making, against Mid- summer . . . . 10 1544, Receipts of money of the Company, as- sessed the 28th day of May, for setting out of six men for the King’s majesty’s wars ; thirty-three members, in sums from 135. 4c?. to l5. 8c?. . . 11 12 8 £ s. d. ( 106 ) 1544. Payments for the setting forth of six men, soldiers, to the King's majesty's wars, that is to say, two bow-men and four bill-men : For 18 yards of blue Hampshire kersey, put three yards in a coat, at 2\d. a yard . . . . 1116 For 3 yds. of yellow kersey, for guard- ing the six coats, at 20^?. a yard 5 0 For 3 yards of red and white kersey, and for 1 yard of black kersey, for the sleeves checkers, at 18«?. the yard 6 0 For making the six coats, at 20d, the piece . . . . 10 0 For 15 yards of white Holmes fustian, at Sd. the yard .. 10 0 For 12 yards of white cotton, to line the doublets, at the yard . . 6 0 For 3 ells of canvas, at Ad. the ell, for the doublets . . 10 For making of the six doublets, at 10^?. the piece . . . . 5 0 For six pair of hosen, at As. Sd. the pair 18 0 For their six hats, at \2d. apiece 6 0 For six badges, painted for their hats, at Ad. apiece . . . . 2 0 For six swords, at 25. 2d. apiece, for the soldiers . . . . 13 0 For five daggers, at 14 J. apiece . . 7 0 For four black bills, at \Ad. apiece 4 8 For six sword-girdles . . 12 For a bow and a sheaf of arrows . . 3 4 For another sheaf of new arrows . . 2 8 For arming-points for the soldiers 1 6 For bow-strings, at two sundry times 0 2 Paid to the armourer for mending the harness, and for leathers and new buckets, and other to them . . 3 8 For three new skolls, at I6c?, apiece 4 0 £ 5. d. ( 107 ) 1544. For three pair of Almayne rivets, new bought, at 105. the pair Paid to the six men, at divers times, at Mr. Chamberlain’s commandment, at 20^;?. a man Paid for the dinners of the said six men, at two sundry times Received of Master Chamberlain of Lon- don, for the six coats of the six men that we sent forth to do the King’s business and commandment 1545. Receipts of the Dutchmen, towards the harness buying and finding forth the six soldiers Paid further charges respecting setting forth the six soldiers Paid the third time, of and for setting forth of two men Payments for the second time, towards setting forth the six soldiers The like, second time, for setting forth of other six men, soldiers 1557. Monies received of divers of the Compa- ny, as a loan to and for the provision of harness for soldiers And Costs and charges on the provision of har- ness and other necessaries for war, and for setting out six soldiers For furnishing and setting out of twelve soldiers, the 7th August For furnishing and making forth six more, the 5th January For furnishing twelve more For furnishing six more Necessaries for the said soldiers, as for stores 1559. Costs and charges in the making forth of two soldiers to the sea. May 1560 10 0 6 0 3 0 1 3 0 1 18 4 6 9 9i 18 7 1 12 7 1 14 6i 9 13 4 19 8 3 12 11 7 12 0 1 11 0 9 14 8 1 19 4 3 118 1 2 2 £ s, d. ( 108 ) 1562. Costs and charges for the preparation and setting forth of eight soldiers to New- haven, whereof four were corslets with pikes — two, corslets with bills — and two, arquebusiers or archers . . 22 10 4 1564. Paid expenses on the preparation of five soldiers to Newhaven . . 9 4 7 1566. Received from the late Lord Mayor, for and towards the charges in making the soldiers this Company, upon warrant, made and found to go to Ireland . . 4 0 Charges and provision for and setting out a soldier to go to Ireland . . 2 6 5 1569. Paid charges for setting out twelve sol- diers . . . . 34 10 1 1 Monies received of and among the Com- pany, to and for the charges in setting out twelve soldiers into the north 13 11 6 1577. Received of divers of the Company, to- wards furnishing twenty-five soldiers 9 0 0 Paid for the said soldiers . . 9 18 0^ 1579. Collected amongst the Company, for set- ting forth five soldiers . . 4 5 7 The like, for provision of furniture for the soldiers . . . . 2 7 6 1 580. Various amounts were received from mem- bers towards setting out thirty-eight soldiers that went to the Queen's ships, and divers payments made respecting them. 1585. Paid for the wages of eight soldiers for seventeen days, at 8d, the day . . 4 10 8 For powder, match, bullets, moulds, rib- bons, and purses .. 17 0 For eight coats for them . . 2 0 0 For conduct-money, hose, and shoes, by commandment of the captain . . 14 6 For l |Tb. powder .. 16 For a new Spanish head-piece for Pytts 3 4 £ ( 109 ) 1585. Paid to Pytts, for his wages for three days, conduct-money, and for a ribbon, and waiting of the captain 1586. Paid for 262 lbs. of gunpowder, at \0d. per lb., by virtue of a precept from the Lord Mayor . . ..11 Paid to the Chamberlain of London for and towards transporting two hundred soldiers to the Low Countries, by virtue of a like precept . . . . 2 Paid for apparelling four soldiers, and other charges . . . . 3 1587. Received for three barrels of gunpowder, sold to the Mynion, one of the ships set forth by the City . . 9 Paid, by virtue of a precept from my Lord Mayor, towards setting out twenty sail of ships . . . . 1 Paid towards training 1000 soldiers 1591. Received of the Company, lent for set- ting out ships .. ..41 Paid them for the same . . 41 Paid to Mr. Garrett, for provision of ships 47 1598. Paid to the Chamberlain for so much assessed on the Company by the Lord Mayor, towards setting out great horse to Ireland . . . . 3 Paid to Alderman Thwaites, by virtue of a precept from the Lord Mayor, for money lent the Queen . . 80 This was repaid in 1599. Paid to Alderman Saltonstall, monies dis- bursed by him for interest of 60/. for six months lent to the Queen 4 6 3 8 9 4 8 4 15 0 10 0 7 6 18 4 18 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 BY-LAWS. By-laws for the regulation of the Company were made, and allowed, agreeably to the provisions of the Act of Par- liament of the 19th Henry VII. cap. 7, since the charter of incorporation ; viz. By William Archbishop of Canterbury, lord chancellor, Thomas Earl of Surrey, lord treasurer. Sir John Fyneux, chief justice of the king’s bench, and Sir Robert Rede, chief justice of the common bench; 14th May, 22 Henry VII., 1507. By Sir Nicholas Bacon, knt., lord keeper of the great seal, William Marquess of Winchester, lord treasurer. Sir Robert Catlyn, knt., chief justice, and Sir James Dyer, knt., chief justice of the common bench ; 10th June, 3 Eliz., 1561. By Edward Earl of Clarendon, lord chancellor. Sir Robert Foster, knt., chief justice, and Sir Orlando Bridgeman, knt. and bart., chief justice of the common bench ; 8th May, 14 Chas. II., 1663. By Philip Lord Hardwick, lord chancellor. Sir William Lee, knt., chief justice of the king’s bench, and Sir John Willes, knt., chief justice of the common pleas ; 3d June, 14 Geo. IL, 1741. Which latter are the existing by-laws for the regulation and government of the Company. ( HI ) CHARITIES. The Company have the management and control of the following charities : First, a School and Almshouses at Ratcliff, founded by Nicholas Gibson, citizen and grocer, sheriff A.D. 1538, who by his will, dated 23d September, 1540, left to his wife Avice all his property, on condition she should assure the same for their maintenance and support for ever. She subsequently married Sir Anthony Knyvett, and made a surrender of the property to the Company in 1552, pursuant to the terms of Mr. Gibson's will. The original institution, in addition to the school, was for the maintenance of fourteen poor distressed persons, men and women, according to the discretion of the Company ; of whom seven were to be inhabitants of the parish of Stepney, and the remaining seven of the mistery of Coopers or their wives. This charity was increased and extended by the be- nefactions of Henry Cloker, 1573 ; Toby Wood, 1611 ; and Henry Strode, 1703. The inmates consist of eight widows of Stepney, eight widows of freemen, and six poor men, mem- bers of the Company. They are elected by the court upon vacancies occurring by death or otherwise. Each man, besides the advantages of a residence, now receives a pension of 2\l. yearly, and each woman of 18/. The original pensions were 65. 8 per quarter. They are all allowed coals. A surgeon is provided, and a nurse kept to attend those who may be sick. They are required to be sixty years of age at the time of admission. There is a chapel attached to this establishment, and a clergyman of the Church of England appointed for the per- formance of Divine service. The school is sufficiently capacious for one hundred boys. The children are admitted by the court, upon application of the parents, and are selected from inhabitants of Satcliff and the parish of Stepney. This school, originally a grammar school. ( 112 ) will be materially extended and improved, and restored to its original institution in a period of about three years from the present time, the Company then coming into possession of a considerable increase of revenue to enable them to do so, and measures are now in progress towards effecting this ob- ject. The education at present determined upon to be given, commencing Midsummer 1848, consists of reading, writing, arithmetic, book-keeping, the English grammar, geography, and composition. The buildings are situate in School-house lane, Ratcliff ; and were wholly rebuilt in the year 1795, after the great fire. A full-length portrait of Lady Knyvett, Mr. Gibson’s widow, is placed in the chapel, which, from the Company’s records in the year 1567, appears to have cost 2/. Ss. 4d. The Company attend annually on New-year’s day at St. Magnus church, London Bridge, to hear a sermon, and per- form the covenants and conditions in Mr. Cloker’s will, the same being then publicly read. Second. A School and Almshouses at Egham, founded by Henry Strode, esquire, A.D. 1703, for the benefit of the parishioners of Egham. This establishment consists of a chapel, school, and twelve almshouses, which were rebuilt in the year 1828, after an appropriate design by George Smith, esq., F.S.A., Fellow of the Royal Institute of British Architects, a member of the Company. The school is adapted for the accommodation of upwards of one hundred children, and is under the able ma- nagement of the Rev. George Adolphus Hopkins. He is also chaplain to the establishment, and superintends the pension- ers. Their allowance is 6s. per week each, with coals and clothing, and the benefit of medical attendance. The accounts of the revenue of this charity are deposited with the master, yearly, for the information of the inhabitants of the parish. In addition to the above, the Company possesses a free- hold estate at Woodham Mortimer, Essex, left by the late William Alexander, esq., in the year 1725, comprising a 1 !/1 ' -i I I )M I I 1 r A L OtTLIbh WuOI'HlAlvl MuKTllVltK. ( 113 ) residence in the Elizabethan style, with commodious barns and outbuildings, and 308 acres, chiefly of arable land. Under this bequest forty persons, either freemen or livery- men or their widows, receive an allowance of bl. each yearly, and are required to attend the court in the month of July, who elect in all cases of vacancies. It appearing that no testimonial had been adopted to re- cord this benevolent gift, the Company, in the year 1826, directed a monumental obelisk, from a design by Mr. Smith, to be erected for that purpose, at the entrance of the ave- nue facing the residence and adjoining the high road from Chelmsford to Maldon, with the following inscription : IN GRATEFUL REMEMBRANCE OF THE MUNIFICENT BEQUEST BY WILLIAM ALEXANDER, Esq., OF HIS ESTATE AT WOODHAM MORTIMER IN THE COUNTY OF ESSEX, FOR THE BENEFIT, BEHOOF, AND ADVANTAGE OF THE POOR OF THE COMPANY OF COOPERS, LONDON, FOR EVER,” THE MASTER, WARDENS, AND COURT OF ASSISTANTS OF THE COMPANY HAVE ERECTED THIS MEMORIAL, NOT ONLY AS A TRIBUTE OF THEIR RESPECT AND ADMIRATION BUT ALSO WITH A VIEW OF PUBLICLY HANDING DOWN TO FUTURE AGES SO SPLENDID AN ACT OF DISINTERESTED GENEROSITY. M.DCCC.XXV. Robert Carter, Esq., Master. 1 Abraham Algar, Esq., Senior Warden. > 1825, 26, 27 . Jame.s Francis Firth, Esq., Junior Warden. ) In Woodham Mortimer church, which adjoins the resi- dence, a fine-toned organ, well adapted to the size of the edifice, was handsomely presented to the parish in the year 1842, by Mr. James Boyer, the clerk of the Company. I ( 114 ) One hundred pounds •per annum, with the accumulations of interest thereon, has been invested since the year 1844, under an order of court, to be applied either towards the erection of almshouses, an addition to the pensions at pre- sent allowed, or an increase in the number of pensioners, as may be ultimately determined upon. EXHIBITIONS. These were of rare occurrence ; none appearing to have been founded by grant or will, but made and discontinued by the Company at their pleasure. The first appears in 1575, when 21. was granted by the court, and a like sum continued in the years 1585, 1586, and 1587. In 1590, 2l. 3s. 6d. was contributed by the livery towards 5/., given in that year to a scholar at Cambridge, towards his charges in becoming Master of Arts ; and further allowances of 2l. yearly were made, 1591 and 1595. In 1630, an exhibition of 4/. yearly, payable quarterly, was granted during pleasure. In 1663, a similar exhibition was granted, and another in 1664, since which time no further grants have been made by the Company. ( 115 j FREEDOM AND FREEMEN. In 1541, the members composing the Company were. Of the clothing 25 Out of it 86 Dutchmen 13—124 1547, they were Of the clothing 31 Young men on ditto 9 Householders out of the livery 43 English freemen, journeymen 21 Ditto, new made brethren 11 Foreigners, free journeymen 9 Dutchmen, householders 45 Free denizens, journeymen 13 New come-in Dutchmen, journeymen 12 194 In 1553, they had increased to 267. The present number of freemen is estimated to exceed one thousand. The amounts paid respectively for quarterage were. Householders \0d. per quarter, Free journeymen Sd. ,, Dutchmen, householders \0d. ,, Their journeymen ,, The present sum payable is 3^. Ad. per annum. The ancient fine for admission to the free- dom, not by redemption, was 35. Ad. For entrance of apprentices l5. 86?. For entrance of marks Is. Ad. The present fees and charges are. For admission to the freedom by servitude or patrimony 165. For admission by redemption 15/. 135. 6d. ( 116 ) For binding apprentices, where tlie premium is under 30/. 3/. 12.S. When 30/. and upwards, exclusive of stamps 3/. Os. Gd. for six pair of gloves for the carpenters. Raynold Danyell, plumber (in full) 4 Walter Cowper, bricklayer (the like) . . 2 Richard Carpenter, smith (the like) . . 2 Richard Pye, joiner (the like) . . 1 Mr. Heith, painter (the like) . . 4 s. d. 13 4 15 0 0 0 8 4 7 0 19 8 0 0 10 0 5 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 24 3 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 In 1547, the completion of the building was celebrated by a feast, the following payments having been made. It ap- ( 121 ) pears that Mr. Heithe gave the venison towards the supper in the hall.’' s. d. For bringing the venison from Master Heithe’s with a porter . . . . 0 4 1 lb. of pepper .. .. 2 10^ For salt . . . . 0 2 For a barrel of ale . . . . 4 4 For beer, double and single . . 0 7 For three dozen of bread . . 3 6 For flour for the venison . . 3 6 For twelve shoulders of mutton . . 5 8 For 6 lb. of suet . . . . 0 9 For one dozen and a half of coneys . . 4 10 For cucumbers, radish roots, rosemary, and parsley . . . . 0 4 For butter . . . . 16 For two legs of mutton . . 0 10 For two quarters of coals . . 10 For half a bundle of faggots . . 1 10 For vinegar . . . . 0 2 For perry . . . . Oil For five marche paynes . . 7 6 For rushes and sweet herbs that strewed the house . . ' . . 0 4 For trenchers and white cups . . 10 To the minstrels, in reward . . 10 For candle . . . . 0 2 For water . . . . 0 3 To the turn-broches and labourers in the kitchen 0 8 To the cook, for his labour . . 3 4 For wine . . . . 14 6 To the two porters, for fetching of regalls from Mr. Charley’s and Master Heithe’s, to and fro 1 0 To the pewterer, for the hire of a garnish and a hundred of pewter vessels . . 10 In 1589 an addition was made to the building, when SI. 125. bd. was paid in charges for the little parlour ; and ( 122 ) in the next year the following amounts were paid, in respect of the new cellar and house. £ 5. d. Carpenter 49 2 6 Bricklayer 5 0 4 Plaisterer 18 2 4 Bricklayer 31 4 8 Plumber 14 4 10 Smith 9 5 11 i. The hall was destroyed in the Fire of London, the Company's plate and records being previously removed to a place of safety by the wardens, and in the month of November following the site was ordered to be cleared for rebuilding. In September, 1668, several models or draughts for re- building the hall were presented to the court, but were not then considered, there being no decision by the court of judicature on the Company's petition touching the ground contiguous to the site of the old hall. Subsequently 50/. was decreed to be paid by the Company, in recompense for the additional ground taken ; and a draught or model of the hall having been produced and explained, was unanimously approved by the court, who resolved it should be observed in the intended work, and presented Mr. Wildgoose, for his pains and skill in surveying the ground and contriving the model, five pieces in gold. Eleven members subscribed 5/. each towards the new building. On the 9th of February following, Mr. Woodhouse, the carpenter for building the common hall (that day begun), desired the Company to provide their own timber, promising his best skill and assistance, without any benefit to himself, to which the court assented ; and also agreed, the more ef- fectually to promote the building, and to prevent deceit and idleness of workmen and labourers, that a person should be appointed to attend daily to superintend them. The master and wardens for the time being, or any two, taking to their assistance any three or more of the assistants whom they should think meet, were appointed a committee c ( 123 ) to consider of, order, and appoint concerning the effectual carrying on the building of the Company's common hall with its appurtenances, and all things relating to that affair, as well for issuing out and payment of monies as otherwise. In January, 1669> directions were given, in respect of the shortness of the days, that the work at the hall be forborne till the 1st of March; and on that day the first court was held there since its rebuilding, when a day was fixed to consider and conclude about wainscotting the hall. At the same court the assistants proceeded in voluntary subscriptions towards the charges of finishing it, as an example and encouragement to the livery and commonalty ; their contributions, at 10/. each, amounted to 130/. At a court held on the 21st of April, 1670, the list of the voluntary subscriptions of the court being read to the livery, they were desired to add their subscriptions for the further- ance of the work ; and days having been fixed for meetings to receive the subscriptions of the livery, a sum of 185/. 10^. was contributed by them. Subscriptions towards rebuilding the hall were continued to be received till the year 1678, and a case occurred of 2/. being assessed upon a member for refusing to subscribe. The payments amounted as under : « , X/ s. cl. 1668 . . . . 1078 17 5 1669 . . . . 2029 12 0 1670 . . . . 1082 2 0 1671 . . . , 998 15 0 The rooms over the great parlour, with convenient cel- larage, were assigned to the clerk ; and, in consideration of these, 20/. per annum, part of his salary, was taken off. This was the first instance in which a residence was allowed to the clerk. 1671. Mr. Mason, the master, presented the king’s arms, carved in wood, which was placed at the upper end of the hall, between the two great windows. ( 124 ) Inventory of the Company’s Property, 1570. A wafer, with a band and a bosse of silver gilt. Three garlands, to choose Master and Wardens, with red ribbon. A bearing-cloth of blue velvet, embroidered with gold and silver and set with pearls, and yellow cloth to lie between it. A box or case to lay the same bearing-cloth in. Two tables, with the pictures of Sir Anthony Knyvett and Dame Avyce his wife. Three calivers and four flasks and touch-boxes. Six black morions. Seven Almain rivets complete, lacking two saletts, and one odd pair of splints. Ten corslets complete. One bill, two swords, and six daggers. Two sheaf of arrows, one sheaf fourteen arrows, and one empty case. Seven jacks, new and old. Two pair of mail sleeves, and one old pair of plate. Three pikes and two armings of fustian, fringed. Two vizards with three whips. Two bows, a drum and two sticks. Harness and other necessaries for war, in the little parlour ; VIZ. Thirteen corslets Nineteen calivers Nineteen flax and touchboxes Seventeen morions Thirty-two swords Twenty-nine daggers Thirty-one girdles Thirteen leathers for the shot Fifteen pikes. Whereof there is 9 swords and daggers delivered, 2 corslets, 7 calivers with flax and touchbox, 9 sword-gir- dles, 9 swords, 9 daggers, 7 leathers ; all which were delivered for Her Majesty’s service into Flanders. ( 125 ) LIVERY. 1725. During the proceedings in Parliament, upon the petition of many citizens for obtaining the Act of the 1 1th of George I. cap. 18, For regulating elections within the city of London, and for preserving the peace, good order, and government of the said city,” which was strenuously opposed by the corporation in both houses of the legislature, the House of Commons required all the companies to make re- turns of the grants or constitutions of their respective liveries, and of the numbers of their members at that time ; in conse- quence of which order the clerk of the Coopers Company made the following returns to that House. “ In obedience to an order of this Honourable House, I do hereby humbly certify that I do not find any particular grant or constitution by which the Company of Coopers was made a livery company, save that it appears to me that the same must have been a livery company time out of mind, their by-laws, confirmed in the 22d Henry VIL, taking notice of their clothing at that time, and which by-laws concerning the livery have, from time to time ever since, been continued and conformed to and practised by them, and that without any limitation of numbers, and have been at all times in all elections allowed as such. J. Hammond, Cl. " Societal del Cowpers.” " In obedience to an order of this Honourable House I do humbly certify that the number of the liverymen of the Com- pany of Coopers is 203 ; but the charter and grants by which they were constituted having always been locked up in the treasury -room of the said Company, I humbly beg leave of this Honourable House to pray a short stay to call a court of assistants, in order to perfect the return required to be made by their precept. J. Hammond, Cl. " Societal del Coopers.” ( 126 ) The following is an abstract of the Companies' returns of the number of their liveries in the years 1699 and 1724. In the year 1699. 1724. Apothecaries . . 130 140 Armourers and Braziers 58 81 Bakers . . 146 189 / Barber-Surgeons 195 299 Blacksmiths 204 225 Bowyers 32 31 Brewers — 103 Broderers 135 116 Butchers 218 230 Carpenters 98 102 Coachmakers 54 111 Cooks 82 78 Coopers 126 203 Cordwainers 100 102 Curriers 104 no Cutlers no 125 Clothworkers 159 149 Dyers 200 202 Distillers 108 121 Drapers 198 202 Farriers — 76 Fletchers 20 28 Founders 90 136 Framework-knitters — 58 Fruiterers 37 57 Fishmongers 231 166 Girdlers 85 85 Glaziers 76 100 Glass-sellers — 40 Grocers — 175 Glovers 120 128 Goldsmiths 330 244 Haberdashers 355 271 Innholders 120 150 139 Barbers 47 No trades. ( 127 ) Joiners 190 286 Ironmongers 100 109 Leathersellers 169 185 Loriners — 79 Masons — 63 Musicians 17 30 Merchant Taylors 600 473 Mercers 272 228 Needlemakers — 44 Painter-stainers . . 159 141 Pattenmakers — 35 Pewterers 108 91 Plaisterers 87 70 Plumbers 54 65 Poulters — 127 Saddlers 69 74 Scrivenors 45 37 Stationers 226 214 Skinners 180 192 Salters 150 206 Turners 112 127 Tallow-chandlers 153 178 Tilers and Bricklayers 73 99 Upholders 121 144 Vintners 249 219 Wax-chandlers . . 71 101 Weavers 180 263 The present number of the livery of the Coopers Company is 318 ; and the charges for admission are, when the freedom is obtained by servitude or patrimony, 2‘2Z. 3^. Qd. ; by re- demption, 28/. 1^. 6d. ( 128 ) OFFICERS. Master, — The Master is elected by the Livery in com- mon hall assembled, on the Monday before Whitsuntide yearly. The fine for not serving the entire office is 20/. ; and in cases of vacancies by death or removal, and the party elected in the room of the master so dying or removing refusing to serve, 15/. In all cases of the party not serving, or of the master dy- ing in the course of the year, the vacancy is filled up by the Court of Assistants. Wardens. — The Upper and Under warden are also elected by the Livery on the Monday before Whitsuntide. The fine for not serving the office of upper-warden is 12/., and of under-warden 6/. The Master and Wardens are required to be sworn into office on the first Tuesday in the month of June, or within eighteen days after. The Renter-warden is chosen by the Court of Assistants yearly, and the fine for not serving this office is 12/. Oath to be administered to the Master and Wardens on taking office. Ye shall swear to be true and faithful to our Sovereign Lady the Queen and to her heirs and successors kings and queens of Great Britain : and you [and every of you] well and truly shall do your endeavour to execute, and as much as in you is cause to be executed, indifferently and justly, all the good ordinances and laudable acts made for the conservation of the said Fellowship of Coopers, without sparing or favouring any person, for affection, reward, dread, or fear of any person, as long as you shall be and continue in the office of Master [or Wardens] ; and of all and every such sum or sums of ( 129 ) money as by reason of your office of Master [or War- dens] shall come to your hands, [or to the hands of any of you] by means of fines, forfeitures, amerciaments, or penalties, you shall give a true and plain account at such time and to such persons as by your ordinances be assigned to take the same accounts of you [and every of you.] You shall not for malice or hate amerce any per- son of the same Fellowship in any more or larger sum than according to your ordinances or after the quality or quantity of his or her trespass or default. So help you God. Assistants. — The Court elect the Assistants from out of the Livery, regard being had to the person chosen having rendered the suit and service required by the Company's ordinances. The fine for admission is 26/. ds., and for not serving the office 5/. Oath on taking the office of Assistant. You shall be true and faithful to our Sovereign Lady the Queen and to her heirs and successors kings and queens of Great Britain : and you and every of you shall, after the best manner you can, justly and indifferently execute or cause to be executed your office and place of an Assistant to the Master and Wardens of this Com- pany ; and all the good rules, orders, and ordinances of the Company, without sparing any person or persons for favour, affection, reward, or promise of reward, during the time you shall execute and continue in the place or office of an Assistant, according to the best of your understanding and ability you sh^ll truly and faithfully endeavour to observe and keep, and as much as in you lieth cause to be observed and kept. All the lawful coun- sels, consultations, and orders of this Company meet to be concealed, you shall, so long as you continue an Assistant of this Society, keep, without disclosing the same or any part thereof to any person or persons, to the hurt or damage of this Society. So help you God. K ( 130 ) The present Court consists of Master. Mr. James Francis Firth. Wardens. Mr. Michael Drew. Mr. William Holloway. Renter-Warden. Mr. William Wild. Assistants. Sir Felix Booth, hart. Mr. John Gillyatt Booth. Mr. Benjamin Parrey. Mr. George Allen Aylwin. Mr. William Pugh. Mr. Richard Eykyn. David Salomons, esq. and alderman. Mr. George Davis. Mr. George Smith. Mr. Thomas Allen Shuter. Mr. Thomas Johnson. Mr. Robert Carter. The Rev. John Frederick Ben well. Mr. Edward Woodbridge. Mr. William Henry Lewer. Mr. John Parr. Stewards. — Three are chosen annually by the Court, who are excused serving upon payment of a fine of 201. each. The fine, although fixed by the by-laws, is not enforced, the payment being voluntary. Clerk. — This office was formerly executed by one person; but in 1840 the duties were divided, when the Court ap- pointed Mr. James Boyer, Clerk- Accountant, and Mr. Archibald Weir, Clerk-Solicitor. Beadle. — Is also in the appointment of the Court, and is held by Mr. George Keene. List of Masters and Wardens since 1823. Masters. 1824. J. C. Parker 1825. Robert Carter 1826. Robert Carter 1827. Robert Carter 1828. J. C. Parker 1829. John Sewell 1830. W. H. Betts 1831. Felix Booth 1832. Thomas Coding 1833. J. Saunders 1834. Rich. Dowding 1835. Rich. Dowding 1836. Benj. Parrey 1837. G. A. Aylwin 1838. Charles Rich 1839. William Pugh 1840. Richard Eykyn 1841. D. Salomons Wardens. Richard Day Abraham Algar r Abraham Algar 1 James F. Firth f Abraham Algar I James F. Firth r Abraham Algar [James F. Firth f James F. Firth 1 Thomas Ashton f Thomas Ashton IT. A. Shuter T. A. Shuter W. Chippindale f W. Chippindale L Robert Charles r Robert Charles I Francis Deacon r Francis Deacon 1 Jeremiah Carter Jeremiah Carter W. Woodbridge W. Woodbridge J. R. Wilkinson r J. R. Wilkinson 1 J. B. Gordon r J. B. Gordon W. H. Frisby L William Pugh r William Wild 1 Henry Cap el Henry Capel Benjamin Field Henry Capel Benjamin Field r Benjamin Field [John Lascelles Renter Wardens. I Robert Carter I John Mansir I John Sewell I David Green } W. H. Betts j Felix Booth I Thos. Coding I John Saunders I Rich. Dowding I William Booth I John G. Booth I Benj. Parrey I G. A. Aylwin ^Charles Rich I William Pugh I D. Salomons I George Davis 1 John Bressy and J George Smith Masters. Wardens. Renter Wardens. 1842. Willia. Pugh {S-ChlS 1843. George Smith { PerrJ"'’" 1844. George Smith {w^’H^Le^cr 1845. G. Chadwin and f W. H. Lewer Rich. Dowding 1 G. J. Cliadwin loi/- A Cl 4 . r G. J. Cliadwin 1846. T. A. Shuter | 1847. James F. Firth ( Michael Drew I W. Holloway 1848. James F. Firth { I Michael Drew I T. A. Shuter I Geo. Chadwin I James F. Firth I Robert Carter I J. F. Eenwell I E. Woodbridge j William Wild. The parties in election for master, upper-warden, and under-warden are nominated by the Court and Livery, and chosen in common hall. The renter-warden is elected by the Court. ADDITIONS. 1692. October 18. Sir John Fleet, Lord Mayor elect, translated from the Coopers to the Grocers Company. Sir John Fleet served the office of Master of the Coopers Com- pany A.D. 1689. — See 1743, page 61. 1687. October 4. Two women pensioners added to the almshouses at Ratcliffe ; one to be of the parish of Stepney, and the other a widow of a member of the Company. — See Charities, page 111. ( 133 ) APPENDIX. Extract from The Times Newspaper of Thursday the 2>d of Febru- ary y 1848. On Tuesday the Master and Wardens and Court of Assistants of the Coopers Company gave a splendid entertainment at the London Tavern, as a compliment to their brother, Mr. David Salomons, upon his recent election and admission to the office of alderman of the City of London, Mr. Salomons being the first of the Jewish nation admitted to that situation. Mr. Firth, the master of the company, presided, and was supported by the Lord Mayor and Mr. John Masterman, M.P. Amongst the numerous company were Aldermen Johnson and Farncomb, Sir Felix Booth, bart., Mr. P. J. Salomons, Mr. A. A. Goldsmid, Mr. P. Salomons, Mr. S. Samuel, Serjeant Merewether (the town clerk), Under-sheriff Wire, Mr. Bunning, the City of London Architect, and the Common Council of the ward of Cordwainer, of which Mr. D. Salomons is alderman. The Master, in proposing the health of the Lord Mayor, begged to convey to his lordship the high sense the company entertained for his presence upon the oc- casion, and for the ability, zeal, and integrity which had marked his lordship’s course in the discharge of the arduous and important duties of his lordship’s sta- tion in a manner so highly satisfactory to his fellow-citizens, and so honourable to himself. The Lord Mayor, in highly flattering terms, returned his acknowledgments for the attention he had received from the Company, and expressed his anxiety so to acquit himself in the performance of the duties of his office as to entitle himself to the esteem and approbation of the corporation of London, and all the rest of his fellow-citizens. (Cheers.) The Master proposed the health of Mr. David Salomons, and begged to convey to that gentleman the congratulations of his brethren upon his recent election as an alderman and magistrate of the city. The Coopers Company was, he said, one of the first of the companies of the City of London which received into their com- munity members of the Hebrew faith. Mr. Salomons availed himself of the pri- vilege in the year 1831, when he became a freeman and liveryman of the Company. Upon his elevation to the high office of sheriff he was immediately admitted an Assistant, and in the year 1841, upon the joint nominations of the Court and the great body of the livery, he was unanimously elected their Master. The Company was justly proud in ranking amongst its members so distinguished and honou- rable a gentleman, zealous in all good works of beneficence and charity ; and it yielded to none in the delight and gratification it had witnessed upon his honou- rable career and recent elevation. (Cheers.) It was impossible that more ample justice could be done to the Alderman’s merits than by making him speak for him- self in the terms of his communication upon the foundation of a fellowship of 50/. per annurriy for the benefit of the scholars educated in the City of London School, to the following effect : “ 1 have been long impressed with the desire to manifest to my fellow-citizens, by a lasting testimonial, my grateful recollection of the honour ( 134 ) they conferred on me, when, under new and peculiar clrciimstnuccB, tliey elected me high sheriff of their ancient city. The enlightened principle of religious toleration, assisted by the livery upon that occasion, has since been gaining strength, until it received in Parliament an express and extended legislative sanction. It is to the diffusion of education that the preparation of the public mind for this peaceful triumph is to be ascribed, and I can conceive no better mode of perpetuating my grateful acknowledgments for so great a blessing than by contributing to further the cause which, under the guidance of the Almighty Disposer of events, has led to this great result.” The toast was drunk with enthusiasm. Mr. Salomons returned thanks for the honour, and assured the company that he felt most grateful for the kindness he had experienced from those by whom he was surrounded. He had, by the advancing liberality of the times, obtained another step in civic dignity, and he trusted that his fellow-citizens would have no cause to regret their selection of him to fill the office of one of their magistrates. (Cheers.) It was with the greatest pride he saw religious prejudices fast disappearing from amongst all classes of the people, and he trusted that a glorious proof would soon be given of the strongly expressed opinion that intolerance was at its last gasp. (Loud cheers.) The Lord Mayor, in proposing the health of the Master, said that whatever claims the Company might have upon that gentleman, he (the Lord Mayor) felt that the corporation of London, under whom Mr. Firth had officially served for many years, were highly indebted to the zeal, energy, attention, and integrity of the chairman. The Master returned thanks. He took occasion to allude to the fact that in the year 1743 Alderman Willimott, then a member of the Coopers Company and Lord Majmr, was the first who broke through the custom that every gentleman filling that high station should be a member of one of the twelve principal companies of the city, and retire from his own if he happened to belong to one of the inferior companies. The Company would now feel pride in the well-grounded assurance that it would be the first company that would have a gentleman of the Hebrew nation filling the high and important station of Lord Mayor. (Cheers.) The following toasts were drunk and responded to : “ Mr. Masterman, and the representatives of the city in Parliament,” “ The Aldermen,” “ The Town Clerk,” “ Under-Sheriff Wire, and the visitors who had honoured the Company with their presence.” The company enjoyed all the good things to a late hour. At a Court held at Coopers Hall, on the 7th of JMarch, 1848, the Master laid before the Court a letter from Mr. Alderman Salomons, which was read and ordered to be entered upon the Minutes as follows : 3, Great Cumberland street. My dear Master, 14th February, 1848. I find it impossible to express to you and to the Court of the Coopers Company all I feel for their honourable notice of me on so many occasions, and par- ticularly for the distinction conferred on me in their having provided the recent splendid entertainment, to which so many distinguished citizens were invited, with many friends and connexions of my own, to celebrate my admission as a member of the Court of Aldermen. ( 135 ) As Master of the Company, I beg of you to convey my heartfelt thanks to the members of the Court for this most flattering and distinguished mark of their friendship and esteem. I was truly delighted to see myself surrounded by so many good and worthy men. I know and feel that few can hope, much less expect, to receive so great a compliment ; and I shall ever reflect with pride and with pleasure on this most gratifying instance of the Court’s favour and approbation. Nor can I omit ofiering to you my especial thanks for your very flattering notice of me when proposing my health. As the chairman, you had altogether a very arduous duty to perform ; and, except that you were too kind to me, you admi- rably supported the honour of our Company, Pray assure my colleagues in the Court that, appreciating, as I do most highly, their individual friendship and their aggregate good wishes, I will endeavour, in the new career opened to me, to merit their good opinion by zealously discharging my public duties, and by availing myself of every fitting occasion to prove myself, in all respects, a good and useful citizen. Believe me, Yours truly, James F. Firth, Esq. David Salomons, CONTENTS. Introductory Remarks page 5 Ordinances, 1396 7 1409 8 1420 9 1428 11 1440 12 1457 14 1488 17 Charter op Incorporation (Henry VII.) 23 Governing Charter (Charles II,) 26 Grant op Arms 34 Acts op Parliament affecting the Company 35 Livery Companies 38 General History 39 Accounts ; Dinners and Entertainments 74 Donations 80 Fines 84 Funerals 85 Law and Parliamentary Charges 88 Miscellaneous 93 Pageants 96 Royal Aids, 103 By Laws 110 Charities Ill Exhibitions 114 Freedom and Freemen 115 Hall 117 Livery 125 Ofpicers 128 Appendix 133 ILLUSTRATIONS. Coopers Marks to face page 1 0 Company’s Arms 34 Fac-simile Heading of Account 65 Obelisk, Woodham Mortimer 113 Taylor, Printer, 3!), Coleman Street. V