%. - 

 
 EREATUM. 
 P. 14, note, line 2 from bottom, date should be 1882, not 1872.
 
 THE SALVATION AMY 
 
 IN RELATION TO TUE 
 
 CHURCH AND STATE. 
 
 %n\i otljcr ^.tibnsses. 
 
 Delivered at Cannon Street Hotel, City. 
 
 BY 
 
 MRS. BOOTH. 
 
 WITH AN APPENDIX ON THE SO-CALLED '* SECRET BOOK." 
 
 London : 
 
 S. W. PARTEIDGE AND CO., 9, PATERNOSTER ROW. 
 
 BOOK DEPOT OF THE SALVATION ARMY, 
 
 G.T. HOKN, 8 & 9, Paternosxee Square, E.G.
 
 Butler & Tanner, 
 
 The Selwood Printing Works, 
 
 Fro me, and London.
 
 TO THE READER. 
 
 Having received many expressions of satisfaction 
 from those who listened to the following ad- 
 dresses, as to the information given and the 
 views set forth, I am encouraged to hope that 
 the publication of them, with a few additions, 
 may be useful to all disinterested and intelligent 
 persons desiring to form a correct judgment as 
 to the constitution and aim of the Salvation 
 Army. The views herein expressed, not only 
 convey the earnest convictions of my own mind, 
 but also those of my husband and those most 
 closely associated with him in the direction of 
 the Army; and therefore may be taken, as far 
 as they go, as an exemplification of the principles 
 underlying this great movement. If these pages 
 should serve to counteract the gross misrepre-
 
 iv TO THE BEADEB. 
 
 sentations and monstrous assertions no v being 
 so vigorously circulated by many who should be 
 better employed, I shall be abundantly repaid 
 any trouble they have cost me, seeing that my 
 only object is the salvation and elevation of the 
 people. 
 
 CATHERINE BOOTH. 
 
 101, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.G., 
 A2J>-il Idth, 1883. 
 
 . uiuc I
 
 THE SALVATION ARMY, 
 
 AND ITS RELATION TO THE STATE. 
 
 Cannon Street Hotel, March 13tii, 1883. 
 
 In order to appreciate at all the necessity for the 
 existence of the Salvation Army, and in order to 
 understand its operations, it will be necessary for 
 you to bear in mind all through these Addresses 
 the condition of the masses on whom we propose 
 to operate. The special sphere for the Salvation 
 Army is no doubt what are termed the dangerous 
 classes, and that there is great need for some 
 such agency recent events make but too manifest. 
 The inability of the authorities to cope with the 
 ruffianly element even in the metropolis, the pro- 
 posed addition of 500 to the police force, the 
 attempt to blow up one of the Government offices, 
 and the escape of the offenders, together with the 
 continual discovery of plots, and outbursts of 
 
 B
 
 2 THE SALVATION AEMY, 
 
 ruffianism vented on others, besides the members 
 of the Salvation Army, ought to awake every- 
 body to the necessity for something being done. 
 The fact that there is a vast mass of our popu- 
 lation entirely untouched by any civilizing or 
 Christianizing influences, left to the mercy of 
 socialist and infidel leaders, daily increasing in 
 numbers and lawlessness, and fast learning the 
 power of combination and organization, is enough 
 to alarm all thoughtful people as to the look-out 
 ahead of us. You know as well as I do that 
 in France and Germany the steady advance of 
 socialist opinions threatens all orderly govern- 
 inent, and menaces the existence of any govern- 
 ment at all. The discovery of the Black Hand 
 Associations in Spain, which openly avow the 
 most terrible principles of the socialist theory, 
 may be taken as an indication of the extent to 
 which these opinions must be spreading in coun- 
 tries where there is next to no restriction put on 
 the advocacy of any principles whatsoever. In 
 Switzerland, the reputed home of freedom, the 
 propagation of the Gospel is alone put under 
 close inspection, as our recent experience shows ; 
 while the murder of the rich and the division 
 of their property is allowed to be advocated in 
 public meetings ! In the United States we all
 
 AND ITS BELATION TO THE STATE. 3 
 
 know how the destruction, not only of public 
 property, but of vessels and of life, has been 
 openly advocated and arranged for, for years 
 gone by. It is very questionable now whether 
 even the Nihilists of Russia, with their plans for 
 the destruction of only one family, have produced 
 a state of things as dangerous as that which 
 exists in countries where there is on the surface 
 comparative quiet and but little apprehension of 
 evil. The wonderful thing is, that thoughtful 
 people should not perceive in all this the sapping 
 of society and the prospect of danger to all alike ; 
 that they do not see that those influences, which 
 to-day are brought to bear mainly against the 
 public recognition of God, will pass in a short 
 time (unless met by some stronger influence) into 
 open conflict with the existence of any rights 
 whatsoever which do not suit the convenience of 
 the mob ! The state of the masses in our own 
 country is to me a cause of daily, hourly grief 
 and apprehension. Since coming more in con- 
 tact with them, I have found their condition 
 to be so much worse than anything I had pre- 
 viously conceived, that I have often felt con- 
 founded, disheartened, and almost paralysed. I 
 have seen many hundreds of thousands of the 
 lower classes gathered together during the last
 
 4 THE SALVATION ARMY, 
 
 two or three years, and have often said to 
 myself, Is it possible that these are our fellow- 
 countrymen in this end of the nineteenth century 
 in this so-called Christian country ? Perhaps 
 hundreds of men in one crowd such as one would 
 be afraid to meet on a dark evening, bearing in 
 their persons, in their eyes, in their countenances, 
 in their habiliments and behaviour all the marks 
 of heathenism and debauchery possible to con- 
 ceive, evidently ready for any kind of mischief, 
 and only waiting the match of some political or 
 other disturbance to give vent to the bitterness 
 and malignity which they seem to feel against 
 everybody, either better or more prosperous than 
 themselves. I have said to my husband on such 
 occasions. Oh that we could get our rulers to 
 look on these multitudes — our ministers, our 
 philanthropists, our intelligent Christian gentle- 
 men and merchants ! They could not sit still in 
 indifference. They would recognise the necessity 
 for operating upon, and at any rate trying to 
 civilize this outlying mass of heathenism, law- 
 lessness, and vice. 
 
 I wish that anybody who may be here, 
 strangers to these facts, would come to some of 
 our open-air gatherings or to some of our meet- 
 ings even round about London, just to form their
 
 AND ITS RELATION TO THE STATE. 5 
 
 own judgment — to the Eagle, for instance — stand 
 outside or come in, any Sunday night and get 
 a seat on the platform, where you can see the 
 people, and you will gather something of their 
 utterly sunken, reckless, godless condition. Fre- 
 quently in meetings in the mining districts and 
 other parts, where wages used to be high, as 
 many as five and six men in succession will 
 give something like the following testimony, 
 *' Friends, you all know me," and there is a 
 general nod of recognition, '^ for so many years 
 I earned so much money. I received every 
 Saturday night" — some will say £4, some £3, 
 and some £2, and so on ; and they will tell you 
 that they left regularly every Saturday night of 
 their lives £3 out of the £4 at the " Black 
 Eagle " or the " White Swan," or some place of 
 the kind, and took home £1 or 10s. to the starv- 
 ing wife and children ; or they earned £2, spent 
 £1 10s., and took home 10s., according to the 
 different grades they occupied. We rejoice over 
 thousands of such, rescued, redeemed, saved; 
 but our rejoicing is always counter-balanced by 
 grief for those who are not saved; and we re- 
 member to our horror that there are yet thou- 
 sands who are in the same pit from which these 
 have been digged. There are yet thousands
 
 6 THE SALVATION ARMY 
 
 who are leaving their wages thus every Satur- 
 day night at the public-house instead of taking 
 them home to the wife and children. There are 
 thousands who are thus spending their days 
 and squandering their opportunities and abusing 
 their capacities in all manner of debauchery 
 and sin, instead of improving them for the 
 good of their families and for the good of the 
 nation ; and we feel that all we can do, great 
 as some people think it, and too much in a 
 hurry as other people think we are, is as no- 
 thing in comparison with the overwhelming 
 necessity ! 
 
 But I want to show this afternoon the rela- 
 tion of the work of the Salvation Army 
 
 To THE State. 
 
 I may say, first, that the Salvation Army 
 benefits the State by creating respect foe law. 
 
 All its teaching is directed to the individual 
 conscience. We find that the attitude of the 
 great majority of the population is that of 
 forced submission. They submit simply because 
 they must, and because they perceive no chance 
 at present of successful resistance — not from 
 any intelligent respect for rightly constituted au-
 
 AND ITS HELATION TO THE STATE, 7 
 
 tlioritj. The pressure to obedience comes from 
 witliout, not from witliin, and if you could ima- 
 gine tlie pressure taken off, we should have 
 similar results to those we have seen in other 
 nations. I think recent events but too clearly 
 prove this. I have said many times lately when 
 scanning the papers, I wonder these things do 
 not lead intelligent people to recognise the 
 necessity for such an organization as the Salva- 
 tion Army, that will personally cope with these 
 cut-throats and rowdies, and try to awaken in 
 them some moral sense and some respect for 
 the rights of their fellow-men. But it seems to 
 me many are judicially blinded. They will not 
 see until it is too late. 
 
 A gentleman said to me not long ago, " But 
 you know there always has been an overwhelm- 
 ing mass of ignorance and ruffianism in com- 
 parison with civilization and religion. Why do 
 you think things worse in this generation than in 
 former generations?" "Well, for two or three 
 reasons; but the main reason is this, that the 
 fulcrum, so to speak, on which we can rest the 
 lever by which to exalt and refine the masses, 
 seems all hut gone. You see you must have con- 
 science to appeal to before you can press home 
 any moral claim upon any being. There must be
 
 8 TEE SALVATION ARMY, 
 
 something to whicli you can appeal. Now in 
 tens of thousands of instances this seems to 
 have gone out of the population." 
 
 Oh ! I could not tell you what I have felt 
 when visiting some of our large provincial towns 
 — manufacturing towns such as Leicester or 
 Nottingham. I am often received by friends liv- 
 ing at a distance from the Halls used for our 
 services on Sunday, so that on my way to them I 
 have to pass through many streets. This gives 
 me an opportunity of observing the character of 
 the population I meet ; and in these towns on 
 a summer's evening I have met thousands of the 
 youth of both sexes, ranging, say, from fourteen 
 to twenty years of age, rushing away to seek 
 their Sunday evening's enjoyment in the fields 
 or wherever they listed, screaming at the top of 
 their voices, pushing one another off and on the 
 pavement, frequently using most offensive, if not 
 positively blasphemous and obscene language. 
 
 In our large gatherings I have also taken par- 
 ticular notice of the youths and of the girls, and 
 w^hat strikes me as the most appalling feature of 
 all, is the utter recklessness they manifest with 
 regard to any kind of authority or of superior 
 influence. It is quite a common thing for these 
 boys and girls to say to our officers, when they
 
 AND ITS RELATION TO THE STATE. 9 
 
 speak to them about their duty towards their 
 parents, or their duty towards their God, " What 
 do I care ! " and to laugh in their faces, say- 
 ing, " I don't believe in your God." Tens of 
 thousands of our youth are in this condition. 
 There seems nothing back in their minds on 
 which to rest any appeal, on which to put the lever 
 by which you are to civilize, refine and exalt them. 
 We have to make this. 
 
 Now, in bygone generations this was not the 
 case. You may call it superstition ; but that is 
 preferable to no recognition of any authority 
 beyond and above the individuals themselves 
 and their own wild and lawless passions. 
 There was something back in the mind which 
 ministers and philanthropists and teachers could 
 appeal to, and get some sort of response; but 
 now we seem to have to create this. Conse- 
 quently it is only by the most personal, prac- 
 tical, and pungent appeals that we can make any 
 impression on them. Therefore we direct all our 
 appeals to the individual conscience, and we try 
 in the first instance to show them that they are 
 wrong. To press in upon their souls the convic- 
 tion of their guilt, this is the first thing to be 
 done; and when you have accomplished that, you 
 have accomplished a great deal, for no sane
 
 10 THE SALVATION ABMY, 
 
 man will set about making himself right until 
 lie feels lie is wrong. We show them no chance 
 of salvation for either earth or heaven, time or 
 eternity, but by a thorough repentance, showing 
 itself by a thorough and determined change of 
 life ; and we teach that this is possible by avail- 
 ing themselves of the Divine mercy and strength 
 to accomplish it. We labour to force this upon 
 their attention, making them hear, think, and 
 feel, until they yield; and, thank God, we have 
 thousands who have been thus changed, and the 
 result of the change is patent to the whole nation. 
 
 We believe that all rightly constituted authority 
 rests on Divine authority ; hence we teach — 
 
 The FEAR OF God as the basis of regard for 
 man. We all know that when the fear of God 
 departs from a people, the fear of man is not long 
 in following ; and we all know what happens when 
 every man feels free to do that which his own 
 evil and inflamed passions excite him to do ; and 
 England will be no exception if ever this happens 
 to us. Do you say, " But we are educating the 
 masses." I answer, '' It is vain to expect the 
 needed moral reform from the schoolmaster. The 
 more educated, the more dangerous, unless you 
 also make them good." Alas ! we have abundant 
 proof of this to-day. Ko ; you cannot reform man
 
 AND ITS BELATION TO THE STATE. 11 
 
 morally by his intellect; this is the mistake of 
 most social reformers. You must reform man by 
 his SOUL ! It is the moral faculties to which you 
 must appeal. You may give ideas, but unless 
 you can also give inspiration, they will be of 
 little avail. Man is fallen, and cannot of himself 
 obey even his own enlightened intelligence. 
 There must be an extraneous power brought into 
 the soul. God must come to man, and Grod 
 offers to come ; yea, He has come to thousands, 
 and He has made '' all things new." 
 
 The work of the Salvation Army tends to 
 benefit the State, because we teach the 
 
 Universal Brotherhood of Man. 
 
 Peace and goodwill to men, even to enemies, 
 is a fundamental with us; and we utterly re- 
 pudiate the possibiHty of being right with God 
 while doing wrong to man ! Consequently, we 
 have numberless instances of long-standing quar- 
 rels and animosities being healed, and the parties 
 brought to reconciliation and amity. Quite 
 a number of husbands who had forsaken their 
 wives and families, have gone back to them, 
 clothed and in their right minds, and are now 
 filling good situations, their famiHes living in 
 peace and comfort. Further, every one who has
 
 12 THE SALVATION ARMY, 
 
 been rescued from ignorance and debauchery is 
 made to feel his or her responsibility for those 
 whom he has left still in the sinks of iniquity. 
 The precepts of Jesus Christ as to all men being 
 our brethren, and having a claim on our sympathy 
 and benevolence, irrespective of their condition, 
 are resuscitated and clothed in living acts before 
 the eyes of our soldiers every day of their lives ; 
 they are taught that all personal considerations, 
 such as ease, comfort, gain, reputation, and asso- 
 ciates, are to be made subservient, or, if need 
 be, relinquished, for the salvation of their fellow - 
 men ! I could give you numbers of illustrations 
 as to how this teaching is taking effect. We 
 have many officers who have given up lucrative 
 situations with pensions or other future advan- 
 tages attached; others who have relinquished 
 flourishing little businesses with tempting pro- 
 spects ; some amongst our women who have 
 given up comparatively luxuriant homes, others 
 who have refused offers of marriage involving 
 good prospects and a life of comparative ease, 
 in order to devote themselves body and soul to 
 this work of rescuing the ignorant and the lost ! 
 Perhaps the most significant illustration, however, 
 is the fact that we have hundreds of mothers all 
 over the land with no other ambition than to
 
 AND ITS RELATION TO THE STATE. 13 
 
 train their children so that they shall be saviours 
 of men; many of these mothers, themselves have 
 only been picked out of sinks of iniquity a few 
 months, or two, three, or four years ago. If 
 you heard them talk of themselves and of their 
 babes, you would see that they have abandoned 
 for this one object all earthly ambitions and 
 rewards. They say, " Oh ! if I can only make 
 her useful in saving other mothers from what 
 I sunk to." '* Oh ! if I can only give him to 
 help to win other drunkards such as his father 
 was; I do not care if he never has anything 
 but bread and cheese as long as he lives." 
 These poor and untrained people, who perhaps 
 never read a chapter in their Bibles until they 
 were converted, — and some cannot read even now, 
 — are training their children, inspiring them from 
 their very infancy with the highest ideas of moral 
 heroism and self-sacrifice for the good of the race. 
 
 This, I think, is something to be thankful for, 
 and would shame many in higher places ! 
 
 A further striking illustration of this brotherly 
 love is the fact that, out of their poverty and 
 hard earnings the poor people are themselves 
 raising at the rate of £121,000 per year towards 
 carrying on the organization which has reached 
 and saved them. Could there be more satisfac-
 
 14 THE SALVATION AB3£Y, 
 
 tory evidence of tlieir faith in it, or of their love 
 for their former companions in sin and misery ? 
 Note, this money is spent locally by the people 
 themselves through their own local treasurers 
 and secretaries, who read out a balance sheet to 
 the corps every three months. It is spent in 
 rents, officers' salaries, publishing and working 
 expenses; and it will give you some faint idea 
 perhaps of the prejudice we have had to en- 
 counter when I tell you that our donations and 
 subscriptions from the Christian public towards 
 such a movement, exclusive of buildings, do not 
 exceed £8,000 ! Our experience would seem to 
 contradict the adage that '' Englishmen like to 
 help those who help themselves," seeing that 
 there are other works which make no pretensions 
 to be in any appreciable degree self-supporting, 
 which receive twice, three, and four times this 
 amount ! We have often felt the severe financial 
 struggle added to our other enormous burdens to 
 be very cruel, inflicted, we hope, ignorantly, but 
 which we are quite sure will be deeply deplored 
 when the history of this movement comes to be 
 more fully known.* 
 
 * For fall particulars of the finances of the movement for 
 1872, see "Salvation War," price 6d. 101, Queen Victoria 
 Street, London, or by order of any Bookseller.
 
 AND ITS RELATION TO TEE STATE. 15 
 
 We find tliis moral bond also the strongest 
 bond of UNION. Those united merely by similar- 
 ity of opinion are only united outwardly. There 
 is no coalescence of soul ; but when you can get 
 men united in principle, that is, in the loves and 
 hates of their hearts, then you have real union, 
 and they will do and dare, suffer and die for their 
 principles. This true spiritual fraternity, is the 
 most powerful of all bonds. Of course if we 
 could only get this to reign over the earth, we 
 can all see what would happen. If we could 
 bring all men to love each other as brethren, 
 there would be an end of animosity, despotism, 
 CASTE, NATIONAL HATEED, AND WAR ; and peace and 
 good-will would reign over the earth. This is 
 God's ultimate idea for the world, this is the true 
 millennium which is to come, towards which all 
 real progress tends. Must it not be right to 
 help people towards it as fast as we can, and 
 especially those who have least to help them, and 
 the fewest to care for them ? 
 
 A further gain to the State through the influence 
 of the Army is a greatly 
 
 Improved Morality 
 
 In large numbers of the population, even where
 
 16 THE SALVATION AB2IY, 
 
 we fail to realize all the results to wliich I liave 
 alluded. " A little leaven leaveneth the whole 
 lump." In this way a few truly converted men 
 and women in a factory, a shipyard, or a mine 
 have such a civilizing and reforming influence on 
 the others that we have some of the most won- 
 derful testimonies from employers of labour on 
 this point. Only the other day, the General was 
 in a town where the master of a shipyard had 
 given this testimony to one of our captains : 
 " This yard used to be a perfect hell, but is now 
 comparatively like heaven." (There were some 
 three thousand men employed.) '^We have no 
 swearing now, and it is all the influence of the 
 Salvation Army." 
 
 We have many testimonies from managers of 
 mines to the same effect. Instead of the miners 
 spending their little spare time at their dinner 
 hour in tossing and gambling, in many cases 
 they hold prayer-meetings ; and instead of the 
 ears of the managers being assailed by oaths and 
 blasphemies, Salvation Army songs salute them 
 on very hand. Mayors, magistrates, and police 
 in numbers of instances bear Avitness to the same 
 results with respect to their spheres of observa- 
 tion. 
 
 The same fact also leaks out when our con-
 
 AND ITS RELATION TO TEE STATE. 17 
 
 verts are telling their stories. They will say, 
 " I used to be troubled weeks or months before 
 I got saved. I used to follow the procession 
 and then stop outside ; but at last I came inside, 
 I gave up the public-house and my evil com- 
 panions, I only got drunk now and then," that 
 is when he was overcome by the persuasions of 
 his companions. In many cases they abandon 
 the drink and their immoral associates long 
 before they take the final step and commit them- 
 selves to the high standard which we put before 
 them. You can see by this how the teaching and 
 the influence of the converts affect the population 
 round about them. They are afraid to swear in 
 the presence of Salvation Army soldiers. 
 
 Another most important evidence of improve- 
 ment in morality is the number of 
 
 Unfortunate Women 
 
 reclaimed through our agencies. So greatly does 
 God use the Army to this class, that at this 
 moment one of our most pressing needs, is a 
 temporary home for the reception of the lady 
 portion of them, until we can fit them for some 
 useful occupation. With the poorer class we find 
 but little difficulty, because, as a rule, some of our 
 dear people take them to their homes, procure for 
 

 
 18 THE SALVATION AB3IY, 
 
 them some sort of decent clothing, and set them 
 going in charing, washing, sewing, or some way 
 of obtaining a living. We have numbers of in- 
 stances of poor girls having been saved and 
 restored to comparatively respectable positions 
 without having been removed from the neigh- 
 bourhood of their former sinful career! Some 
 of the stories of girls being sent home to heart- 
 broken parents, are touching in the extreme, if 
 we had only time to write them. 
 
 Crowds come to the meetings and hear about 
 God, eternity, heaven, and hell ; and their own 
 consciences are awakened, so that they are 
 afraid to run the same lengths in sin. They 
 see in the improved appearance, clothiug, and 
 family life of the converts how much more ra- 
 tional and profitable it is to spend their money 
 in supporting their families than in drink and 
 debauchery. 
 
 Thus whole counties are being awakened and 
 influenced towards morality and reform. 
 
 Another important national result of Salvation 
 Army influence, is a great diminution in the con- 
 sumption of STRONG DEINK ! 
 
 We have thousands of converted drunkards in 
 our ranks, who for years have spent the chief 
 of their earnings at the public-house. Of course
 
 AND ITS RELATION TO TEE STATE. 19 
 
 this leads to great deterioration of public-house 
 property. We know as a fact that numbers of 
 houses which used to do roaring businesses are 
 now on the verge of ruin ; and we know also that 
 their masters attribute this state of things to the 
 influence of the Salvation Army, and they should 
 be the best judges. Most amusing stories reach 
 us from all quarters as to the straits of the 
 publicans ; and but too surely do they vent their 
 wrath on our poor people, by pressing and brib- 
 ing their drunken dupes to create disturbances, so 
 that our officers may be taken into custody for 
 the uproar, which still continues to be the case, 
 notwithstanding the decision of the Queen's 
 Bench that such proceedings are unlawful. Only 
 yesterday one of our captains was committed 
 for a month with hard labour for leading a pro- 
 cession through a country village ! None of 
 these things move us, however ; we regard them 
 as inevitable consequences of a determined attack 
 on the entrenchments of the enemy. And being 
 persuaded that there is no other way to get at 
 the ignorant and the vicious but by going after 
 them wherever they resort, we intend to go on 
 until we have wearied out our opponents and 
 convinced all rational people by the results. 
 Will you not help us ?
 
 20 THE SALVATION ABMY, 
 
 Another result of our operations is tlie 
 awakening of desire for 
 
 Self-improvement. 
 
 "When in Darlington one of the Fry family took 
 the chair for me at a select meeting at the Living- 
 stone Hotel, and told us that he had been drawn 
 to look at the work in consequence of thirty men 
 having applied to be admitted into their evening- 
 school to be taught to read, within a few months, 
 who had been converted in the Army Meetings. 
 Similar facts have transpired all over the country, 
 in many instances flourishing night or Saturday 
 afternoon schools have been formed exclusively 
 by our converts. The circulation of our Army 
 organs, the War Grij and Little Soldier^ is now 
 450,000 per week, besides thousands of copies of 
 other Army publications, showing the great desire 
 for religious reading amongst our people ; and it 
 must be borne in mind that the Salvation Army 
 has created this constituency for the most part 
 out of the class whose previous readings consisted 
 in the Sunday News, or Penny Dreadfuls. 
 
 A further result of the Army's work bearing 
 upon the State, is the 
 
 Improved temporal condition 
 
 of large numbers of the people.
 
 AND ITS RELATION TO THE STATE. 21 
 
 This is manifested in tlie hetter homes, which, 
 as soon as possible, they secure for themselves. 
 The General has always said : " Let us make the 
 man, and he will soon find himself a home, both 
 temporal and spiritual." And so it has proved, 
 for in some of the large towns and cities, where 
 we have three, four, or six corps, the denizens of 
 whole neighbourhoods have migrated to better 
 ones, furnishing their little homes by degrees; 
 thus putting themselves altogether in better 
 conditions, and commencing, for the first time in 
 their lives, something like family and social life. 
 
 The money of these people being diverted from 
 the public-house and spent in necessary furniture, 
 clothing, and wholesome food, of course brings 
 increase and prosperity to all legitimate teades. 
 This has been so marked in many towns that the 
 little tradesmen have quite hailed the formation 
 of a corps in their neighbourhoods ; I could give 
 you some amusing illustrations of this, but time 
 forbids. 
 
 Another benefit to little tradesmen has been 
 the paying of old debts long since scratched off 
 as hopeless. The Lord Mayor of York, on the 
 G-enerars visit there, stated publicly that he knew 
 through a friend that quite a number of these 
 lapsed debts had been received in that city I
 
 22 THE SALVATION ABMY, 
 
 This has been even more universal in some other 
 places. This is an illustration of my starting 
 proposition, that if you can only resuscitate and 
 energize the moral sense in a man, he will soon 
 rectify himself in all the relations of life. Put 
 the main-spring right, and it will keep the 
 pointers right; "make the tree good, and its 
 fruit will be good also." 
 
 Another most important bearing of the work 
 of the Salvation Army on the State, is its 
 
 Effects on the Children ! 
 
 We say that '' Prevention is better than cure." 
 Then I contend that it is better to prevent a 
 child from becoming a waif and stray than to 
 house and reform it after it has become one. Do 
 you ask me. What is the great cause for so many 
 destitute and vicious children ? I answer. Drunken 
 and profligate parents ! Regenerate the parents, 
 and you will save the children I No sooner is a 
 father saved, than his conscience, nay, his very 
 instincts, lead him to do something for the im- 
 provement and education of his children. It was 
 only the demon drink and its attendant iniquities 
 that crushed in the man all the better and nobler 
 aspirations of his nature. The devil cast out, 
 and the husband and father asserts himself, and
 
 AND ITS BELATION TO THE STATE. 23 
 
 the man is -willing to make any sacrifice for the 
 good of his family; hence his children are 
 properly fed, clothed, and sent to the best school 
 his means will allow ; and in addition, they are 
 trained at home to the best of the parent's ability, 
 and at least loved, prayed with, and warned 
 against the sins which used to be the plague and 
 horror of their lives in the person of their father ! 
 Who can estimate the results of such altered con- 
 ditions to tens of thousands of children ? 
 
 Do I exaggerate ? How can this be when it is 
 a notorious fact that we have many thousands 
 of reclaimed drunkards and other profligates in 
 our ranks ? In one procession the other day, and 
 that comparatively a small one, there were counted 
 355 converted drunkards alone. We all know 
 that thousands of parents mean tens of thou- 
 sands of children. Think of the saving to the 
 Nation from the redemption of the majority of 
 these children from lives of drunkenness, idle- 
 ness, and, in many cases, crime ! And think of 
 the gain accruing from their sobriety, industry, 
 and virtue ! 
 
 Another important result of the work of the 
 Army to the State, is the increase of 
 
 Good and Reliable Laboueees.
 
 24 THE SALVATION ARMY, 
 
 We have the evidence of numbers of employers, 
 that our converts are the best, most industri- 
 ous, and reliable workmen they have. It is well 
 known that it is often the cleverest workmen 
 who become most profligate; get them con- 
 verted, and of course you restore this talent to 
 its proper uses. 
 
 Industry and thrift of course bring increase ; 
 consequently many of our converts, who at the 
 time of their conversion had scarcely a shoe to 
 their feet, are now in prosperous businesses, and 
 rapidly increasing in substance. Some of these 
 give liberally towards our buildings and other 
 aggressive measures ; we hope and pray that all 
 such may see their obligation always to remember 
 their prodigal brothers, and never allow pros- 
 perity to harden their hearts against their own 
 flesh! 
 
 Another gain to the State from Salvation Army 
 influence, is the saving resulting from decreased 
 
 WOEKHOUSE AND PeISON 
 
 Accommodation ! In some instances whole 
 families have been fetched out of the former, 
 and in others, individuals forsaken by those 
 who ought to have cared for them. Quite 
 a considerable number of prisons have been
 
 AXD ITS BELATIOX TO TEE STATE. 25 
 
 half-emptied, and magistrates left with com- 
 paratively nothing to do. White gloves have 
 in several towns been given to them, which 
 has been openly attributed to the results of 
 our work. 
 
 You will see from what I have said that we 
 believe ourselves to be carrying out the very 
 
 HIGHEST PEINCIPLES OF MOEAL AND SOCIAL EEFORM, 
 
 and that we are not blind fanatics, raising a 
 smoke without much fire. You object to the 
 noise and eclat connected with our measures ; but 
 if you will look into the subject, you will see that 
 these are indispensable, because we seek those 
 who cannot be reached without. I deplore their 
 condition as much as you do, but there it is, and 
 if you are to reach them, you must adapt your 
 modes of thought, expression, and action to them. 
 It is demonstrated by sad and awful experience 
 that they will have nothing to do with your quiet 
 and genteel methods. Bishops, clergy, ministers, 
 philanthropists, are forced to confess themselves 
 powerless to reach them; then common sense 
 and Christian charity alike say. Send them such 
 instrumentalities as they lulll and can appreciate. 
 Stoop as low as you lawfully can to pick them 
 up, rather than let them wax worse and worse 
 while you are standing on your dignity. Self-
 
 26 THE SALVATION ABMY, ETC. 
 
 preservation urges the same argument; for not 
 only your dignity but your peace, your property, 
 your families, your national privileges, and may- 
 be your very lives are involved in this question 
 of saving the masses !
 
 THE SALVATION ARMY, 
 
 AND 
 
 ITS RELATION TO THE CHURCHES. 
 
 Cannon Stkeet Hotel, March 20th, 1883. 
 
 To those who were with us last week it will not 
 be necessary to repeat the harrowing details of 
 the condition of the masses, but only to beg of 
 you to bear those facts in mind in considering 
 our relation to the Churches. Let me add also 
 the terrible fact, ascertained by carefully taken 
 statistics, that prior to the commencement of our 
 operations, ninety per cent, of these masses never 
 entered church, chapel, or mission hall ! Surely 
 everybody who believes in any kind of religion, 
 must see the awful necessity for some extraneous 
 and irregular agency, adapted to reach this conti- 
 nent of dark, indifferent, infidel souls ! 
 
 First. We are not antagonistic to the Churches, 
 Any one would suppose we were, from the 
 adverse criticisms we get from Christian papers. 
 
 27
 
 28 THE SALVATION AUMY, 
 
 This is quite a mistake ; it is not so in reality. 
 They do give us credit for having a great deal 
 of the charity which endures all things, or else 
 they must have expected we should have been 
 driven into open opposition; but we do not 
 intend to be. As the General said to the present 
 Archbishop of Canterbury, when speaking to him 
 about the Salvation Army : '' We think that we 
 have a claim upon your sympathy, because we do 
 not seek to justify our existence, by finding fault 
 with you." No ; we do not attack either organ- 
 izations or individuals. All we find fault with, 
 is sin; but if some people in the Churches find 
 that the cap fits, we cannot help it. It is not 
 with the Church, or the good and godly people 
 in it, that we find fault. It is one of our most 
 emphatic instructions to our officers : '* It is not 
 your business to go and find fault with other 
 people. Rejoice in all the good done, by whom- 
 soever it is done. Be glad whenever you find a 
 good man or woman at work for God, and for 
 the salvation of the people. Never try to find a 
 hole in their coat, or pull them to pieces. Mind 
 your own business, which is seeking and saving 
 the lost." We have acted upon this ourselves 
 from the beginning. 
 
 Secondly. Neither are tve indifferent to the
 
 AND ITS RELATION TO THE GEURGHES. 29 
 
 opinion or sympathy of the Ghiirches. We desire 
 and value, as I think all workers for humanity 
 must, the sympathy and prayer and assistance 
 of all good men. We care very little about 
 creeds. God has shown us that all forms are 
 very much alike, when the spirit has gone out 
 of them. 
 
 We believe that God cares very little about our 
 sectarian differences and divisions. The great 
 main thing is the love of God and the service 
 of humanity ; and when we find people actuated 
 by this motive, we love them by whatever name 
 they are called. We do not set at nought their 
 opinions. Friends would little imagine how care- 
 fully we have considered their suggestions. It is 
 not very long since a minister said he had found 
 out that " we were only playing at soldiering." 
 These things of course are very painful to us, 
 after my dear husband's thirty-five years' toil for 
 the masses, and very much anxious thought, 
 study, and prayer as to the best way to advance 
 the Master's kingdom. We have done the very 
 best we could, and we must leave such criticisms 
 to rectify themselves, or rather for God and time 
 to rectify them. 
 
 People think that we have adopted these plans 
 and measures because of some personal predilec-
 
 30 THE SALVATION ARMY, 
 
 tion. They forget that we had to fight our way 
 out of traditionalism and conventionahsm just the 
 same as they would have had to do if they had 
 been laid under the same painful necessity. We 
 were resolved on reaching the people, and there- 
 fore we have accepted the only conditions possible 
 under the circumstances. 
 
 Thirdly. Neither are we diverse from the 
 Churches in the great fundamental doctrines of 
 Christianity. We have not adopted any of the 
 new gospels of these times. We have not given 
 up any of the fundamental doctrines of Christi- 
 anity, such as the Fall, the universal Call to 
 Eepentance, Justification by Faith through Jesus 
 Christ, a life of obedience. Heaven and Hell. 
 
 Then you say, Wherein is the difference ? 
 Well, the main difference is in our aggressiveness. 
 This is manifested in several ways. The Bishop 
 of Durham, the learned Dr. Lightfoot, says : 
 " The Salvation Army has at least recalled us 
 to the lost ideal of the work of the Church, — 
 the universal compulsion of the souls of men." 
 Yes, we have been teaching our own people first, 
 and through their influence others, that by the 
 help and grace of God such measure of influence 
 and power may be brought to bear upon men as 
 may lead them to salvation. We teach them that
 
 AND ITS RELATION TO THE GHUBCHES. 31 
 
 we are to compel men to come in, that we are to 
 seek by our own individual power and by tlie 
 power of the Holy Ghost in us to persuade men, 
 that the Gospel idea of preaching is not merely 
 laying the truth before men, for the exercise of 
 their intellectual faculties ; but that a teacher and 
 saviour has something more to do than this — that 
 he ought to be possessed of sufficient Divine in- 
 fluence to thrust his message in upon the heart, 
 to make the soul realize and feel his message. 
 This is our great characteristic — pressing the 
 Gospel upon the attention of men. 
 
 We have not only to a large extent resuscitated 
 this idea, but by the power of God (we claim 
 nothing of ourselves) we have also raised a force 
 of men and women who are now working it out, 
 to an extent that no people preceding us, so far as 
 Church history shows, have ever conceived of — a 
 people who have a more comprehensive idea of 
 their responsibility, both as individuals and as an 
 organization, than ever existed in the world be- 
 fore. There have existed exceptional men, many, 
 thank God ; but as an organization there is no 
 record since the days of Apostles of a body that 
 has so compassed the Divine idea, all its members 
 being taught to make all the other objects and 
 aims of life subservient to the one grand purpose
 
 32 THE SALVATION ARMY, 
 
 of preaching the Gospel to every creature, and 
 striving to win every soul with whom they come 
 in contact to its salvation. 
 
 The same Spirit also that has awakened us to 
 this continued and persistent activity, has also 
 directed us as to the course in which it was 
 to be directed. This same Divine Spirit has 
 directed our attention to the moral cesspools of 
 the country. We need not have gone to them. 
 It was our own free choice. Many people do not 
 know this ; but we had no more necessity to do 
 it than any minister in this room. Our path 
 embraced all the comforts and prospects of a 
 successful ministerial career ; but as by miracle 
 (I cannot account for it in any other way) we 
 were led into this particular description of work. 
 The General was led in the first instance, more 
 especially, to contemplate these waste masses, 
 this continent of souls, it seemed, without any 
 light, life, or power, left untouched, confessedly 
 by our bishops, clergy, ministers, and philan- 
 thropists, without any humanizing, much less to 
 say christianizing influences. My dear husband 
 was led especially to contemplate these masses, 
 and commenced in the East of London without 
 any idea beyond that of a local work. God 
 showed him that between the Churches and the
 
 AND ITS RELATION TO THE CHUBCHES. 33 
 
 workiDg classes, as a rule, there was a great gap ; 
 he saw that there was needed some instrument- 
 ality that would come between the two, and take 
 hold of this lower stratum, which, in the great 
 majority of cases, was uncared-for and unthought- 
 of ; and he set himself to do it in the East of 
 London. God so wonderfully blessed him that 
 the work soon began to grow of its own aggres- 
 sive and expansive force. Some of the greatest 
 reprobates in London got converted in the East 
 London Mission. They came for seven, ten, and 
 fifteen miles to those services, to look at "Bill," 
 *'Bob," or "Jack," some fighting, dog-fancying, 
 or pigeon-flying companion, who was reported 
 to have been saved on the previous Sunday, — 
 and some of these got caught also. They were 
 changed, transformed, and put into their right 
 minds ; and immediately became anxious for the 
 salvation of their fellows. Some of these came 
 to my husband and said there were whole 
 streets of working men in their neighbourhoods 
 who never went to a place of worship — could 
 they not do something for them? could they not 
 open little mission rooms and set to work to try 
 to save them ? 
 
 In these early days we had no funds or 
 helpers except a few voluntary working men, 
 
 D
 
 34 THE SALVATION ARMY, 
 
 the richest of tliem not earning more than thirty 
 shillings a week. My husband would say : "I 
 have no funds, and I have nobody to be respons- 
 ible ; but if you can get anybody's kitchen or an 
 old dancing saloon or penny gaff, I will get some 
 of my working men to come and help you on 
 Sundays, and you must do the rest yourselves.'* 
 Thus, little Missions at Poplar, Canning-Town, 
 and other places were opened; and in this 
 way the Christian Mission has grown into the 
 Salvation Army ! 
 
 It grew because of the Divine life that was in 
 it. We could not help it, even if we had desired 
 to do so. All life must grow and develop; if 
 you cramp it — shut it in — it will die. If it is to 
 become powerful, you must let it have room to 
 express itself. The Salvation Army has grown 
 so fast because it has been allowed to have free 
 course ! God has helped us to raise a gigantic 
 spiritual force in the land, which is 
 
 Caeeying Out the Idea of the " Compulsion of 
 
 Souls," 
 
 And we have, to-day, something like 1,200 officers 
 of the Salvation Army, or what you would call 
 evangelists — paid officers ; and when I say paid, I
 
 AND ITS RELATION TO THE CHUBCEES. 35 
 
 only mean supported. We do not reckon to 2^ay 
 anyhochj, not even our staS officers. We have 
 officers on our staff who a little while ago held 
 positions worth from £200 to £800 a year, only 
 receiving enough to keep themselves and their 
 families in a moderate degree of comfort, who 
 have made all sorts of pecuniary sacrifices in 
 order to become Salvation Army officers ; and we 
 have many others waiting, who are ready at this 
 moment to renounce lucrative businesses and 
 situations to come and throw themselves into 
 this work. We had, some months ago, 20,000 
 voluntary public speakers unpaid, that is, men 
 and women whom their captain could call upon 
 at a moment's notice for any kind of service : 
 ready to spring into the gap, tell their experience, 
 pray, march, go to prison, or anything else neces- 
 sary for the salvation of their fellow-men. 
 
 At an Exeter Hall meeting not long ago, my 
 husband had called upon what was once a poor 
 rag-picker, a woman who was rescued from drink 
 and depravity, though a woman of good natural 
 ability, and a woman who, when her husband was 
 worsted in a fight, he used to hand over his oppo- 
 nent to her, and she could manage him. This 
 woman got converted, and when she reached 
 home at ten o'clock at night, she dragged her
 
 36 THE SALVATION ABMY, 
 
 three little cliildren out of bed, and setting them 
 on their knees round a chair, said : '' Your mother 
 never prayed with you before, but she will do it 
 now." After such a beginning it is not surpris- 
 ing she succeeded in getting them converted, and 
 in inspiring them with the love of God and of 
 souls, so that they have become perfect heroines 
 in this Army. My husband called upon this 
 woman on Exeter Hall platform, without a 
 moment's notice, to speak, and she did so. An 
 influential clergyman said to me afterwards in 
 the committee-room : '' It is perfectly astonishing. 
 There is not one in a hundred of us could do as 
 well as that woman did if we were called upon at 
 a minute's notice." Oh, yes ; it is astonishing 
 what, by the power of God in these people, they 
 can accomplish. We had months ago 20,000 
 people of that type, and now near double that 
 number, of course not all so gifted as that one, 
 who speak nightly, and two or three times on a 
 Sabbath in the open air, who have literally to 
 fight with wild beasts, and to encounter the big- 
 gest rowdies and cut-throats in the country. 
 They button-hole these men, and talk to them 
 with tears in their eyes. They often kneel down 
 in the snow or mud and pray and plead with 
 them, in their ivaij ; and it suits them much better
 
 AND ITS RELATION TO THE GHUECHES. 37 
 
 than ours would, because it matclies their nature 
 better. You must not think, however, that these 
 trained speakers represent our troops. Oh, no ; 
 we have thousands of soldiers, who are most of 
 them occasional speakers. These only repre- 
 sent our reliable open-air troops ; but we are 
 raising a mightier force than these, and God is 
 showing us by circumstances the want of other 
 kinds of officers. We have a new order of 
 officers called '^ Sergeants," who come between 
 the corps and the paid officers ; and we hope 
 soon to have a force of these who will systemati- 
 cally visit every public-house in the country, and 
 scavenge houses of worse repute still, who will 
 make it their duty to scavenge the back alleys, 
 and worst places of resort in the nation, irrespec- 
 tive of abuse or ill-usage. 
 
 We are Raising such People. 
 
 God is doing it through our instrumentality. 
 
 Is this any more than needs to be done ? Nay, 
 will anything less than this determined hand-to- 
 hand fight with evil, serve to stem the tide of sin 
 and demoralization which threatens our national 
 life ? AVhat a long time the Church has been 
 singing — I don't want to reflect on anybody — but 
 how long has the Church been singing : —
 
 38 THE SALVATION ARMY, 
 
 " Onward, Christian soldiers, 
 Marching as to war, 
 With the Cross of Jesus 
 Going on before " ? 
 
 How long have we been singing : — 
 " Am I a soldier of the Cross ? " 
 
 And yet how little liand-to-hand fighting with 
 sin and the devil ! God has, however, taught 
 us better, and we are determined to carry the 
 battle into the very strongest fortresses of the 
 enemy. 
 
 A further difference between us and the 
 majority of the Churches is, the resuscitation of 
 the suPERNATUEAi,, of the Divine. Here, I think, 
 is our real poioer. We do not under-estimate in- 
 tellect. God forbid. We have developed, as 
 somebody said the other day, a large amount of 
 intellectual power amongst the masses ; because, 
 you see, God's gifts are far more generously and 
 impartially distributed than we are apt to imagine. 
 Polish is not power; education is not intellect. 
 We have found that out in the Salvation Army, 
 if we had not done so before. Nevertheless, ours 
 is not a religion of intellect, of culture, of refine- 
 ment, of creeds, or of ceremony or forms. We 
 attach very little importance to any of these in
 
 AND ITS RELATION- TO THU CEUEGHES. 30 
 
 themselves. We gladly take liold of some of 
 these, and use them as mediums through which 
 to convey the living energy of the Spirit ; but the 
 POWER IS IN THE LIFE, not in the form. Where 
 there is no life you can only get death. You may 
 get it in beautiful forms, in beautiful ceremonies 
 and symbols ; but if there is no life you cannot 
 beget life. The vital point is the life — the spirit. 
 We have resuscitated this old-fashioned religion. 
 We defy infidels to account on natural jprinciples 
 for the results we have to show. We do not 
 pretend that the presenting certain truths to a 
 man's intellect, even if he accepts those truths, 
 will change his moral nature. We recognise 
 the SOUL as the reigning power in man, and we 
 know that the only power that can really affect 
 and transform the soul is the Spirit of God, 
 therefore we do not attach much importance to 
 people merehj receiving the truth ! Herein we 
 differ very materially from most other evangel- 
 istic agencies. I receive many letters from 
 people after reading our books, congratulating us 
 that we do not teach the Antinomian doctrines 
 of a great deal of the evangelistic teaching of this 
 day, that we don't preach the ** only believe 
 gospel," but that we preach repentance towards 
 God, as well as faith in Jesus Christ, and a life
 
 40 THE SALVATION AB3fY, 
 
 of OBEDIENCE TO GoD, and that, without this, mere 
 theories, creeds, and beliefs will only sink people 
 lower into perdition. Our religion is not a 
 religion of mere enjoyment, nor of faith only, but 
 we recognise the power of God, transforming 
 and keeping the soul of man. 
 
 Fourth. We are one in aim with the Churches. 
 Our object is the enlightenment and salvation and 
 exaltation of the people. We have sacrificed 
 all things for this. We have given, at any rate, 
 the best proofs that human beings can give of 
 our sincerity, in having made everything in our 
 lives subservient to. this one object. And surely 
 this is the aim of all good and true men. Surely 
 there is nobody professing to be the disciple of 
 the Lord Jesus, who would say that their time, 
 influence, position, and wealth ought to be con- 
 sumed upon themselves ! Surely men only ac- 
 tuated by philanthropy would say, " Of course 
 these blessings must be used for the general 
 good, for the exaltation and blessing of those 
 who have not been so favoured by Providence." 
 A member of Parliament said, a short time ago, 
 '' If it were only for the material benefits you are 
 conferring by the reformation of all these drunk- 
 ards and blackguards, bringing them back to 
 useful occupations and to the position of reliable
 
 AXD ITS RELATION TO THE CHURCHES. 41 
 
 citizens, you deserve well of your generation." 
 We think so too ; but then we think that this can 
 only be permanently accomplished in one way. 
 Here is where we differ from merely philanthropic 
 and temporal reformers — the power of the Holy 
 Ghost. We have had a great deal of experience, 
 and we find that drunkards who sign the pledge, 
 if they do not get the grace of God, soon fall 
 back again. They want this spiritual restoration, 
 and it is being actually accomplished on tens of 
 thousands of them. 
 
 In conclusion, I think that these results ought 
 to draw towards us the sympathy, prayer, and 
 love of all really philanthropic, to say nothing 
 of religious, men. If you think of this outlying 
 continent of evil of which I have been speaking, — 
 millions of these untaught, uncivilized masses, — 
 if you just think that the Church, instead of ag- 
 gressing on this territory of the enemij, is allowing 
 that enemy to aggress upon her I what must be 
 your conclusion ? The Churches of this land, it 
 is admitted, are not keeping pace by a long way 
 with the increase of the population, much less 
 overtaking the lapsed multitudes beyond. Then 
 you have only to keep going on at this rate, and 
 you see what will happen ! If vice continues 
 to aggress upon virtue, you see what is before
 
 42 THE SALVATION ARMY, 
 
 US as a nation. You liave all the elements of 
 demoralization, disorganization, and destruction 
 existing in your midst to-day. They are only 
 waiting the development of circumstances, and 
 then look out ! I am sure of that. The con- 
 viction is burnt into my very soul, and yet we 
 cannot get the respectable and well-to-do classes 
 to awaken to the fact. '' Oh ! " as somebody 
 said the other day, '* the great want of this 
 generation is public spirit." It is so difficult to 
 get people to wake up to what is going on out- 
 side their own four walls. They separate them- 
 selves from these tumultuous elements and refuse 
 to see them, and think themselves secure, when 
 all the while they are sitting on the crater of a 
 great volcano, which will, if they do not mind, 
 burst and blow them up ! What is to be done ? 
 Oh that God would awaken all really earnest 
 and thoughtful men to ask this question ! You 
 must face this overwhelming torrent of evil 
 with a direct antagonistic force of good, truth, 
 righteousness, the fear and love of God, righteous 
 living, and vigorous effort. You may educate ; 
 but don't you know, some of you, the state of 
 
 the educated classes ? Is it anv better than that 
 
 t/ 
 
 of the uneducated ? Has not the education only 
 increased the capacity for mischief ? You know
 
 AND ITS B ELATION TO THE CHUBGHES. 43 
 
 it is SO. You know how fast we have been going 
 back for the last fifty years in morality. It was 
 time somebody tried to do something ; and we 
 have tried, and God has owned and blessed our 
 efforts. We have never allowed any consideration 
 of interest, or ease, or aggrandisement, or popu- 
 larity to weigh with us for one moment. We 
 have b'een satisfied to know we have been doing 
 the will of God. We have only waited to be 
 satisfied in our own minds with respect to the 
 steps we have taken, and then we have gone 
 forward in the face of the world, and shall con- 
 tinue to do so. We want you to do so. We do 
 not say, *' Do it in our way," only do it. Face 
 the evil, and do something. Do not sit still in 
 indifference and supineness. If you have any 
 regard for your children, or for the future of this 
 nation, or for the future destiny of the world, 
 which so much hangs upon this nation, do some- 
 thing. 
 
 God only knows how deeply I desire that all 
 godly men could present one common front to 
 the foe, that we might be one in heart, one in 
 purpose, and one in united efibrt. If this cannot 
 be, let us all do our best. We intend to go on 
 doing so, and we shall prepare the way for others. 
 The Salvation Army is the friend of all and the
 
 It THE SALVATION ABMY. 
 
 enemy of none. We do not hindee, but help the 
 Churclies. For whatever helps to humanize and 
 civihze the people, must help the Churches. If 
 there is a little noise and eclat about our work, 
 never mind. If the masses are better for it, as 
 some writer has said, you must paint with a big 
 BRDSH for the million, there will be room for you 
 to operate when we have gone along. As a rule, 
 the Churches have been revived and helped by 
 our operations in most of the towns to which we 
 have gone. It is one of the disadvantages under 
 which we have laboured, that as our people get 
 more refined and prosperous, many of them go off 
 to the Churches, leaving us to struggle on with 
 the masses beneath ; and these are the people 
 who could most help us with funds. Therefore we 
 feel we have a double claim upon the sympathy 
 of Christians. As they get so much help from us, 
 they ought to help us to roll the chariot on ahead 
 and do the pioneering and scavenging. We have 
 the testimony of many of the bishops and clergy 
 and ministers of all denominations to the stirring 
 up of zeal and effort in their Churches attribut- 
 able to the wide-spread influence of our move- 
 ment ; though, alas! on the whole, we get a poor 
 return for it. I trust, however, that better 
 things are to come.
 
 gMshifss Ipriimpks in Jltligioit, 
 
 ILLUSTRATED BY THE WORKING OF THE 
 SALVATION ARMY. 
 
 I AM to Speak this afternoon on the adoption and 
 carrying out of common-sense business principles 
 in religion, and to illustrate this bj the operations 
 of the Salvation Army. 
 
 First, let us look for a moment at the aim, 
 the purpose, of all business operations, and, in 
 fact, of all effort amongst men. What is the 
 end ? It is patent, of course, at first sight, that 
 the end is gain in some form or other. Every- 
 body labours, uses means, exercises their talents, 
 uses their opportunities, to acquire something 
 which they could not otherwise acquire. Nobody 
 dreams of making labour the end, but only the 
 means to the end. It is not enough for business 
 men that an establishment is kept up, that the 
 men are kept employed, that the books or the 
 goods are in order, the routine of business kept 
 
 45
 
 46 THE SALVATION ARMY. 
 
 going. Every such establishment has an eye to 
 the result — the profit accruing to the owners. 
 Profit is the end which men propose to themselves 
 in every department of business or labour ; and 
 nobody imagines that they are going on toiling, 
 and keeping business machinery going without 
 reaping adequate profit as the result. 
 
 Nobody quarrels with business men for seeking 
 to do a large business, so that they do it legiti- 
 mately. I should not. I don't mind how much 
 business a man does, if he does it righteously and 
 for the kingdom of God — especially if he sends 
 the Salvation Army a slice of the profits ! 
 
 Now, why should we not adopt the same 
 principle in religion ? that is, Why should we not 
 look for and labour with a view to results ? We 
 believe that we have as much eight to expect 
 SUCCESS in spiritual things as men of the world 
 have in temporal things. God has shown us that 
 it is just as rational to expect spiritual results 
 from the use of certain spiritual power exercised 
 through certain measures or agents, as it is to 
 expect a good harvest when the husbandman 
 ploughs, harrows, and sows at the right time and 
 in the right way. The farmer could not reap a 
 harvest without the sunshine, the shower, and 
 the blessing of God ; but he gets that in conjunct
 
 J^USIXESS PraXGIPLES IN BELIGIOX. 47 
 
 tio7i ivlth his oivn effort. On the other hand, all 
 the sunshine and shower and blessing in the 
 world would not bring him a harvest if he sat at 
 home in idleness. We believe that there are laws 
 in the spiritual kingdom as unerring in their 
 operation, and as certain in their results, as any 
 physical laws ; and that if we conform ourselves 
 to those laws, and act upon them, we may be as 
 certain of a good harvest morally as the husband- 
 man can be naturally. In other words, we be- 
 lieve we shall reap accorclinfj as we sow ; and 
 we contend that the history and the success of 
 the Salvation Army prove it. 
 
 We cannot see why religious establishments 
 should be kept going without reference to the 
 results, any more than temporal establishments. 
 We do not think that religious teachers or people 
 should be content with maintaining an existence 
 — with just operating upon the same number of 
 people from year's end to year's end, without 
 making any appreciable aggression on the terri- 
 tory of the enemy outside. We believe that all 
 rational measures, all the measures which men 
 use with respect to this world, if they are lawful 
 and good, may be transferred by the sanctification 
 of the motive, by the transposition of aim, to the 
 kingdom of Grod. That by transferring the king-
 
 48 THE SALVATION ABMY. 
 
 dom into the place of self, we may use every 
 good and lawful measure for its extension ; yea, 
 that we are hound to do it. The necessities of 
 the case, as I think I abundantly showed last 
 week, demand that we should. 
 
 I don't want to make any reflections, but 
 everybody knows that the Christians of this gene- 
 ration do not act, as a rule, on this principle ; 
 I am afraid we may safely say, in the great 
 majority of instances they lose the end in the 
 means. They rest in the labour, without looking 
 for adequate profits — that continual increase and 
 everlasting aggression which is evidently con- 
 templated and provided for in the Gospel of our 
 Lord Jesus Christ. 
 
 We of the Salvation Army have to some extent 
 learnt wisdom by the failures of others ; and 
 believing that we have a right to calculate on 
 results, we are determined to use all lawful means 
 and to put forth all possible effort in order to 
 secure them ! 
 
 God has shown us that, in order to this end, 
 we must have definite plans of operation, reliable 
 agencies, and plenty of haed woek. 
 
 Men act on these lines with respect to the 
 affairs of this world. When they want to exca- 
 vate a tunnel, make a railway, lay a telegraph
 
 BUSINESS PRINCIPLES IN EELIGION. 49 
 
 cable, they don't talk about it for generations in 
 a vague sentimental way, but lay tlieir plans and 
 set to work to accomplish the thing. If any 
 business man were to talk and act as many 
 Christians do, he would be set down as haying a 
 screw loose. Some of you may have had some 
 experience of what I mean, you may have known 
 a young man full of vague notions of how he is 
 going to get rich. He is going to make a for- 
 tune. He is quite sure he can accomplish it. 
 He looks upon that which his neighbours have 
 been struggling for all their lives as an already 
 accomplished fact. He sees none of the difficul- 
 ties. He has grand notions of how it is to be 
 done. A wise business man says to him, *' That 
 is not the way. You will have to begin at the 
 bottom of the ladder and climb slowly. You 
 will not do it by building castles in your airy 
 brain. Yon loill have to set to woek. You will 
 have to concentrate your mind and form a definite 
 idea of what you are going to do, and how you 
 are going to do it." 
 
 Thousands are just like that young man with 
 respect to religious affairs. I often say : " Oh I 
 God help us to be definite, help us to recognise 
 common sense in religion, as we do in other 
 things ; for it is wonderful what a deal of 
 
 E
 
 60 THE SALVATION ABIfY. 
 
 vapouring and vagueness there is in religious 
 matters." You hear it in people's talk. They 
 get up prayer-meetings sometimes, and they say, 
 " We are going to influence the city." How are 
 they going to do it ? They have no more idea 
 than that young man has how he is going to get 
 rich. They have no plans, no organized schemes. 
 They have simply a vague notion that they are 
 going to do something. They pray, perhaps, as 
 Christians have been doing for generations, but 
 DO NOT WOEK, and consequently it all comes to the 
 ground, because that is not God's way. He com- 
 mands His people to work, suffer, and, if need be, 
 die ; but they must preach His Gospel to every 
 creature, whether it can be done conveniently, 
 easily, genteelly, or not. It is to be done. 
 
 We must give up sentimentalizing. Sentimen- 
 talizing is of no more use in religion than in 
 business, and we must set to real practical 
 common-sense scheming and downright hard 
 work. If ever the Gospel is to make headway 
 against the rush of evil passions, worldly am- 
 bition, and devilish animosity, it must be by 
 determined, deadly warfare, conducted with at 
 least as much care, sagacity, and persistency as 
 men bestow on earthly enterprises for gain or 
 glory.
 
 BUSINESS PRINCIPLES IN RELIGION 51 
 
 Does any one object, tliat this is reducing re- 
 ligion to mere macliinery. I answer. Oh no, it is 
 only providing a machinery through which the 
 Spirit of Christ can operate. It is only reducing 
 sentiment to practice. Grod prescribed the 
 machinery under the old dispensation ; but Jesus 
 Christ and His apostles left us free as air as to 
 modes and measures, that we may provide that 
 kind of organization most suited to the neces- 
 sities of the age. There is not a bit of " red- 
 tapeism " in the whole of the New Testament. 
 God does not care about the forms or modes, so 
 that we have the living spirit in them ; and all 
 forms are but corpses when the spirit has gone 
 out of them. 
 
 Nevertheless we must have forms and methods ; 
 and the more intelligently planned and the more 
 wisely adapted, the better they will succeed. 
 Haphazard, fitful, unorganized, unreliable action 
 fails everywhere, no matter how good the cause 
 in which it is eno;aQ:ed. You never trust to this 
 kind of action in business. If you want to 
 accomplish anything, you call your heads of de» 
 partments together and plan how it is to be done ; 
 you set the best man to the best post, and make 
 him responsible for carrying out your plans. 
 That is the only sensible and rational way to
 
 52 THE SALVATION ABMY. 
 
 get anything done. Well might the Saviour say, 
 '^ The children of this world are wiser in their 
 generation than the children of light." I wonder 
 how long that will remain true. I wonder when 
 the children of light will rise up and say, '' Is 
 this a necessity ? Are we born to the heritage 
 of fools ? Are we forced to keep holding back 
 on the chariot car of progress ? Must we always 
 be in the back-ground ? Can we not learn wis- 
 dom from the children of this world ; and if 
 this glorious Gospel is what we all profess to 
 believe it, can we not put forth more thought, 
 and more effort, and more care, to bring it to 
 bear upon men ? Will Christians never rise 
 up to emulate the lolsdom of this world, and act 
 on common-sense business principles in pushing 
 the Gospel on the attention of mankind ? If we 
 find that the masses will not look at a bill with 
 sermons on it, — as they won't, because sermons 
 or religion is the last thing they want to hear 
 about, — why should we not attract their atten- 
 tion by some novel or startling announcement, 
 so that the terms be innocent. What does it 
 signify that they are strange and unconventional ? 
 Look at the sagacity of worldly men in adver- 
 tising ; think of the size and cost of their bills. 
 Why do they go to such expense and trouble ?
 
 UUSINESS PRINCIPLES IN EELIGION. 53 
 
 Because they know that, in the rush and drive 
 of this age, little unostentatious notices will not 
 be looked at. Why should we be content with 
 such for our Master's business ? If we find 
 that processions and music will draw the people 
 together better than any other means to listen 
 to our message, why should we not use them ? 
 Who so worthy of a banner as our King ? and to 
 whom does all the music of earth and heaven 
 belong, if not to Him ? I contend that the devil 
 has no right to a single note ; and we will have 
 it all away from him yet. We find that music 
 not only draws the people, but it begets friendly 
 feeling and secures attention from the very 
 lowest and worst. We have numbers in our 
 ranks to-day who were enticed out of the public- 
 house by our music and processions. Does it 
 signify how we get hold of such men as laid 
 the dynamite in the Government offices, if we do 
 get hold of them ? Does it signify by what novel 
 and extraordinary methods we get hold of the 
 drunkards, wife-beaters, cut-throats, burglars, 
 and murderers, so that we do get them ? Here, 
 as we saw last week, are vast masses of the 
 people living in positive heathenism and crime, 
 unreached and uninfluenced by any civilizing and 
 saving agencies ; is it not wiser to go down to
 
 64 THE SALVATION ABMY. 
 
 them by sucli means as tliej can appreciate, than 
 to let them seethe and rot in their degradation ? 
 
 We believe, nay, we hnoiv, that a real living 
 Gospel is still the power of God to the salvation 
 of such people, for time and eternity. The Salva- 
 tion Army has thousands of people in its ranks 
 who have been picked up from the lowest depths 
 of social and moral degradation, now good 
 fathers and mothers, good husbands and wives, 
 and good citizens. 
 
 Having positive demonstration of such results, 
 why should we be accused of ambition or fanati- 
 cism because we are burning with anxiety to 
 press the Gospel on the attention of all men? 
 Why should it he kept in the hach-ground ? If 
 indeed it can reclaim and regenerate mankind, 
 and if it does restore peace and good-will 
 amongst men, why should we not use every 
 available means to thrust it on them ? Why 
 should we not try to inspire every saved one, 
 high or low, with an a^Z-absorbing passion to 
 preach it to every creature ? Why should we 
 not cry aloud in the highways and hedges, to the 
 sin-stricken, fallen, and evil-possessed multitudes, 
 " Come unto Me, all ye that labour and are heavy 
 laden, and I will give you rest" ? Why should 
 we not secure every building possible to us where
 
 BUSINESS PRINCIPLES IN RELIGION. 65 
 
 the people can be got to listen, and where they 
 can be dealt with more closely about their souls ? 
 Why? I cannot see any rational reason, any 
 philosophical reason, or any Scriptural reason 
 why this should not be done ; but all eeasons, 
 and all interests, human and divine, seem to me 
 imperatively to demand it. 
 
 Think of the state of the people, and then say 
 whether any red-tapeism, or conventionalism, or 
 fastidiousness ought to be allowed to bar our way 
 to their ears and their hearts. I often think how 
 the higher classes will curse their fastidiousness 
 and indifference when their mansions aee burning 
 ABOUT THEIR EARS ! How they will wish then that 
 they had helped the Salvation Army ! I can 
 honestly say that I have suffered more from the 
 obtuseness and inertness of professedly Christian 
 men as to the pressing needs of the people, than 
 from all the slander, persecution, toil, and anxiety 
 that this movement has brought upon me; and 
 yet only God knows how great these have been. 
 But I can bear all this easier than the maudlin 
 half-and-half view of the situation which leads 
 these men to say, '^ Why attempt so much ? " 
 " You are going too fast." " What will this grow 
 to ?" I say, I don't care what it grows to, so that 
 it grows in holiness and devotion as it grows in
 
 66 THE SALVATION ABMY. 
 
 size ; and as to the future, Grod must look after 
 that. I don't see that much has been done for 
 the great mass of the people by the catering of 
 past generations for the future ! I think some 
 of the huge forms and cumbrous organizations 
 handed down to us, only hamper good and true 
 men ! Our work is, " to serve our generation ac- 
 cording to the will of God," and leave Him to 
 look after the next ! And so to our going too 
 fast ; what can they mean when there are millions 
 in our own land yet in positive heathenism ? If 
 God has shown us a way of reaching them 
 (which all admit now), how can we go too fast in 
 carrying it out ? Why should 
 
 Enterprise 
 
 be shut out of religion any more than of 
 business ? A man's idea in business is, not 
 to get through with as little as he can do ; but 
 to do all he can. If anybody were to say 
 to an enterprising man, " You are getting on 
 very nicely, making a comfortable living ; if I 
 were you, I would let well alone, I would not 
 open branch establishments or enlarge my con- 
 nection, but rest and be thankful." Would he not 
 answer, '' My dear fellow, I have a lot of capital 
 lying idle, do you suppose I am going to keep it
 
 BUSINESS FBIXCIPLES IN RELIGION 57 
 
 SO ? Noj no, I am going to do all the business 
 I can lawfully, and make as mucli money as 
 is possible to me." And nobody would blame 
 liim ; even bigli-standing Christians would not 
 condemn him. And yet, because we import 
 this spirit of enterprise into the propagation of 
 the kingdom of God, these very Christians 
 are down upon us, charging us with being- 
 ambitious, extravagant, and I don't know what 
 else. We believe that the only reason why the 
 work of God does not mightily grow and 
 prevail, is because so few people make it their 
 business to grow it. We believe that if there is 
 anything worth being energetic and enthusiastic 
 about, it is salvation. We believe the same power 
 which has within a few years reached and regene- 
 rated thousands of the very worst classes of our 
 population, can regenerate millions more, if we 
 can only get near enough to them to make them 
 feel its force. Then, who has any right to accuse 
 us of personal ambition or senseless fanaticism 
 because we are trying to do it ? I turn round on 
 our accusers and say. Where is jjour zeal for the 
 Lord, that you will not put forth as much effort 
 or display as much enterprise in pushing the 
 kingdom of God as you do in pushing your own 
 BUSINESS, or as the men of the world do in
 
 68 THE SALVATION ABMY. 
 
 promoting their schemes for their own gain or 
 glory ? 
 
 The Salvation Army owes its success, next to 
 the presence of the Spirit of God, to this spirit 
 of enterprise. People say it is the spirit of the 
 leader runs through the whole Army ; well, be it 
 so. It is God's order that like begets like ; and 
 there is a sense in which the spirit of the man, 
 as well as the Spirit of God, infuses itself into the 
 spiritual progeny. Thank God ! He saw it was 
 time some human go and energy and fire w^as 
 brought to bear on His affairs, and so He pro- 
 vided Himself with a man, as He always has 
 done, and filled him with His spirit. "We labour 
 incessantly to put this spirit of enterprise into 
 our officers, who, it must be remembered, are 
 already, as a rule, truly spiritual and devoted men 
 and ivomen. Every address they hear at the 
 Training Homes, every illustration and story, is 
 used to show them that they wall reap exactly 
 as they sow. They are told that it is useless to 
 expect God to own and bless them if they are 
 idle or negligent, if they don't attend to the 
 open-air work and do their visitation, hold up and 
 pray with their people ; in short, if they are not 
 good soldiers of Christ, warring a good warfare, 
 and enduring all needful hardness thereto. They
 
 BUSINESS FEINCIl'LES IN liELIGION. 59 
 
 are tauglit, on tlie other liand, that while they are 
 faithful and true, fully consecrated to God, they 
 need fear nothing in earth or hell, but may boldly 
 ■march into the strongholds of the enemy, always 
 BEING SUEE THAT He is With them, even to the ends 
 of the earth ! 
 
 If God raises up men and women and so fills 
 them with His love that they cheerfully leave all 
 and embrace lives of toil and self-sacrifice, in 
 order to save these millions who are yet without 
 God and without hope, can we possibly be too 
 fast in opening their way to reach them ? Would 
 to God that we could put down two red-hot 
 Salvation oflficers amidst every thousand of these 
 neglected masses, the world over; we should soon 
 see the dawn of a brighter day ! Then, why 
 should we not aim at it, and why should you not 
 help us to do it ? Are you sure that the fortunes 
 you are hoarding for your children will ever come 
 into their possession ? What, if these neglected 
 multitudes should rise up and assert themselves, 
 what will become of your houses and land then ? 
 
 But further, we think that the same enterprise 
 which actuates business men with respect to their 
 buildings should be incorporated into religion. 
 What care and sagacity is exercised as to the 
 situation and suitability of business premises ?
 
 60 THE SALVATION ABMY. 
 
 What contrivance to economize space, and do the 
 largest amount of work in the smallest room. 
 This is thought to be wise and prudent, and so 
 it is ; but think of the numbers of great religious 
 buildings all over the land shut up in sepulchral 
 darkness five days per week, and many of them 
 six, a vestry or schoolroom being sufficient to 
 accommodate all who think it worth while publicly 
 to worship God, or to seek the salvation of men, 
 once a week ! Buildings which cost from one to 
 thirty thousand pounds each ! ! 
 
 Who would ever suppose that these buildings 
 represented a religion which demands that the 
 service of God shall be the first great business 
 of life, and the drawing of the people to Him the 
 next, every day of every week, all the days of our 
 lives ? Here again the children of this world 
 show the superiority of their wisdom to promote 
 their ends, by opening the theatres, dancing 
 hells, tap- rooms, and gin palaces EVEiir day, and 
 making them attractive every night by flaring 
 gas, music, and other attractions. We believe 
 that God's buildings ought to be open every 
 night, and every innocent means used to draw 
 the people into them. Thank God, we can get the 
 people ; as a rule, we have large congregations on 
 week nights, and crowds shut out on Sunday
 
 UUSIXESS PEINGIPLES IX liELlGION. 61 
 
 niglits. Why should we not appropriate every 
 place we can get hold of to soul-saving purposes ? 
 At any rate, we are determined on doing so, and 
 this is the reason for our loan scheme, which has 
 been so criticized in certain quarters. I will 
 give you an illustration of its necessity and work- 
 ing. The treasurer of a corps, worshipping per- 
 haps in a stable or an old factory, for any kind 
 of a place has to serve for the Salvation Army 
 if it can be made safe and whitewashed into 
 common decency ; this treasurer writes : *' We 
 can buy the Circus for £1,500, and we think we 
 can raise £300 in the town if you can lend us 
 the remainder ; it would make a grand place for 
 our work, and we could fill it inside and out ! " 
 Our plan hitherto has been to borrow seven or 
 eight hundred from a building society, paying 
 6 or 7 per cent., and make up the deficiency from 
 the Parent Fund. Now we know that this is per- 
 fectly safe, because the corps will be abundantly 
 able to pay back in rent, not only the interest, 
 but the loan itself; and when the loan is paid 
 off, we borrow on this building again and buy 
 another. Now, what is there wrong in that? 
 Are there not mortgages on half the chapel 
 property in the land ? And if we can borrow 
 from our friends instead of from building societies
 
 62 THE SALVATION AEMY. 
 
 at 5 per cent., tlius payiug tliem better interest 
 than they are getting elsewhere, and thus making 
 their capital serve the interests of the work of 
 God, what is there wrong in that ? Would any 
 one of our criticizers refuse to serve their oivn 
 interests by such means if they needed it ? Alas ! 
 I wish they were all as clear and straight in all 
 their schemes as we are in this ! However, we 
 shall go on taking all that comes, leaving those 
 who help us to speak for our integrity. We 
 have had several loans in this way for years ; and 
 it has been a great joy to the lenders to know 
 that their money was helping the work of seeking 
 and saving the lost. We don't ask strangers to 
 help, or anybody who has not i^erfect confidence 
 in the Salvation Army and in the integrity of its 
 leaders. Of one thing I am quite sure, nobody 
 will regret having helped us, either on their dying 
 beds or at the judgment bar.
 
 Clje Iproljiiljle fixtxm of lljt 
 
 Those who liave followed me during tlie three 
 preceding addresses will, I think, almost anti- 
 cipate the remarks I am about to make. I have 
 not come here to give any glorified picture of 
 what the Salvation Army is going to do, or to 
 be, in the future. I have laid down the lines on 
 which we purpose that it should run, and you will 
 be able to form your own conclusions as to its 
 probable future. 
 
 The most important thing to be done at pre- 
 sent, is the clearing away of unfounded prejudice. 
 There are few minds so open to conviction as 
 not to experience great reluctance to receive 
 new and startling ideas, especially if they con- 
 travene their preconceived notions ; and especi- 
 ally is this true in respect to religious opinions. 
 Religious prejudice is perhaps the most inveter-
 
 6i THE SALVATION' ARMY, 
 
 ate of all, and is most difficult to overcome. 
 This has been the most formidable enemy to the 
 work of the Salvation Army. Nevertheless, it is 
 wonderful, in the short time of our history, to 
 how great an extent prejudice has been broken 
 down. It is perfectly astonishing the impression 
 which this movement has made upon public 
 opinion during the time it has existed, in com- 
 parison with the great revival movements of the 
 past. There is nothing in Church history to 
 compare with it. Of course the facilities for 
 travel and spreading information are much 
 greater than in bygone times. This work is now 
 drawing towards it and impressing in its favour 
 thousands of the most honest-hearted and devoted 
 people in the world ; and we don't care about the 
 opinions of any others. These are drawing near 
 enough to see and judge for themselves; and this 
 spirit of inquiry, we hope, will go on increasing 
 until we shall see prejudice break down on 
 every side. I can quite understand the feelings 
 of conventionally-trained religious people when 
 our measures first burst upon them, and I think 
 we have had a great deal of patience for many 
 years with objectors ; but I do think, when people 
 get the light and come and profess to be con- 
 vinced, it is too bad for them to turn round upon
 
 ITS PROBABLE FUTURE. 6a 
 
 US with old objections which we have answered 
 150 times. However, we must persevere with 
 our measures as long as there is the necessity eor 
 
 THEM. 
 
 It is astonishing, considering how much we 
 ought to be known by this time, what a great 
 deal of prejudice we have had to contend with, 
 personally. Of course Satan knows that every- 
 thing depends on our being beUeved to be sincere, 
 consecrated, disinterested people, and therefore 
 he has done his utmost to start all manner of 
 doubts, suspicions, and misrepresentations con* 
 cerning us ; and certainly he has found plenty of 
 agents, mostly, alas ! in the shape of professing 
 Christians, ready to help in this evil work. Our 
 antecedent history, our motives, our aims, our 
 measures, and our teaching have been assailed in 
 turn; but so far, thanks be unto God, He has 
 stood by us, and convinced thousands of the 
 honest-hearted, of our integrity and disinterested- 
 ness, confounding those who would not be con- 
 vinced, and turning their weapons of slander and 
 abuse back upon themselves. The Divine 
 promise has been literally fulfilled in our ex- 
 perience, the more we have been evil spoken of 
 and persecuted, the more has the spirit of glory 
 and of God rested upon us, and everywhere, even
 
 66 THE SALVATION ARMY, 
 
 in the thickest of the fight, God has given us the 
 ear of the people, accompanying our testimony 
 with the outpouring of His blessed Spirit, working- 
 signs and wonders equal to anything recorded in 
 the Acts of the Apostles. 
 
 Notwithstanding all this, however, there is still 
 much misunderstanding and prejudice abroad. 
 I believe that many still think that my husband 
 is an ambitious, designing man, who wants vir- 
 tually to be another Pope, get a great deal of 
 power, and be at the head of a great, world-wide 
 movement. I do not wonder at persons with 
 such notions hating him. I am sure I should, if 
 I knew him to be actuated by any such motives ; 
 and no considerations should induce me to coun- 
 tenance or help him. But I am as sure of his 
 integrity and singleness of eye in all his move- 
 ments as I am of my own, and therefore I have 
 no doubt about the Lord leading and inspiring 
 him. 
 
 There is one thought, however, which I would 
 suggest to those who have still doubts on this 
 point. I would say, Examine the commencement 
 of this work. Read its early history. If the 
 General had been such a man as these doubters 
 suspect, I ask, would he not have made his pro- 
 gramme in some measure to match his ideas?
 
 ITS PROBABLE FUTURE. ^ 67 
 
 would he not have laid his plans at once for a 
 great and imposing movement ? Whereas the facts 
 are, that he left a happy and prosperous minis- 
 terial career (this is well known to thousands), 
 gave up all that is commonly regarded as valu- 
 able in life, came out without any human encour- 
 agement or guarantees, and subsequently gave 
 himself to labour amongst the neglected masses 
 with no thought beyond that of a local work in 
 the East of London, as is abundantly evident from 
 our early records. We gave up home, income, 
 every friend we had in the world, save my 
 parents, with four little children under five years 
 old, to trust only in God, as truly as Abraham 
 did when he left his native land. We had no 
 more idea than anybody in this audience of what 
 God was going to do with us ; but we both had 
 the inward conviction (against which I had strug- 
 gled for four years) that He wanted to use us to 
 the masses in a way in which we could not be 
 used in our denomination. After travelling for 
 three years as an evangelist, during which time 
 he saw many thousands united with the various 
 Churches with which he laboured, my husband 
 was led as by miracle to the East of London. 
 
 After a severe struggle with myself, I was led, 
 I believe by the Holy Spirit, to sympathize with
 
 68 THE SALVATION ARMY, 
 
 him in bis yearnings over the East End poor, and 
 consented for him to begin to work amongst 
 them, though God only knows what it cost me 
 in many particulars. I often think how little 
 our criticizers know of what we have gone through 
 in establishing this movement. Its early history 
 is fortunately so far recorded as to present a 
 triumphant contradiction to all sane minds of the 
 absurd insinuations to which I have alluded. 
 During the first ten years we were groping our 
 way out of the conventionalism in which we had 
 been trained, and often most reluctantly following 
 the pillar of cloud by which God was leading us. 
 
 We tried committees, conferences, and all 
 sorts of governments, showing how far we were 
 (until God revealed it to us) from the grand 
 military idea which is now proving such a won- 
 derful power in organizing the converts for 
 aggressive effort. We followed on, however, 
 trusting to be led, because we knew that our eye 
 was single ; and now we can see the end of the 
 Lord in His leadings, and are beginning to 
 rejoice over the results. I ask any sane person, 
 Does this look like the path of a man inspired by 
 ambition and love of power ? Does it not rather 
 look marvellously like God's way of making a 
 new departure ? — beginning with one man, as in
 
 ITS PBOBABLE FUTUBE. 69 
 
 the case of Luther, George Fox, and Wesley, 
 inspiring him and leading him by a way he knew 
 not, but using him to bring about a great spirit- 
 ual revolution ? I think so, and I believe in my 
 inmost soul that my husband has been as truly 
 raised up and led of God for this work as any of 
 these were for theirs. God and time will prove it. 
 People say, " They have put their children into 
 the movement too." Yes, bless God ! and if we 
 had twenty, we would do so. But I stand here 
 before God, and say that it is all from the same 
 motive and for the same end — the seeking and 
 saving of the lost. But I ask, How comes it to 
 pass that these children all grow up with this 
 one ambition and desire ? Is this not the finger 
 of God ? Some of our critics don't find it so easy 
 to jput their children where they want them to 
 be ! Could all the powers of earth give these 
 young men and women the sjnrit of this work, 
 apart from God ? Some of you know the life of 
 toil, self-sacrifice, and devotion this work entails. 
 What could induce our children to embrace it 
 without a single human inducement such as in- 
 fluences other young people the world over ? As 
 spirits are not finely touched but to fine issues, 
 so surely God hath fashioned their souls for the 
 work He wants them to do ; and though all the
 
 70 THE SALVATION ABMY, 
 
 mother in me often cries, *' Spare them ! " my 
 soul magnifies the Lord, because He hath counted 
 me worthy of such honour. 
 
 I wish some of our detractors could have been 
 behind the door this morning, when my precious 
 daughter should have started for Paris. Through 
 an accumulation of disappointment and perplexity, 
 some of it occasioned by the most cruel treat- 
 ment of those who owe us nothing but gratitude 
 and love, she broke down, and was utterly unable 
 to go. If you could have seen the agony of 
 nature that we all endured, you might com- 
 prehend that it is not so easy a thing after all to 
 send your child to a foreign land, to bear the 
 responsibility and anxiety and toil of propagating 
 a real spiritual work amongst infidels and so- 
 cialists, with all the malice and spleen of the 
 Pharisees arrayed against you ! Oh, what a 
 comfort in such hours to be able to look up into 
 that face that was marred more than any man's, 
 and say, " Lord, Thou knowest all things ; Thou 
 knowest I do this for Thee." But to return to 
 my point ; I say, that when all this prejudice shall 
 be removed, and when the honest and true come 
 really to know us and what we are trying to do, 
 I leave you to judge whether all the slanders of 
 earth and hell will be able to keep back the flow
 
 ITS PBOBABLE FTJTUEU. 71 
 
 of sympathy whicli will set in upon us from all 
 parts of the world. When good and true men 
 of wealth, who really care for the people, find out 
 what we are doing, no power can prevent them 
 helping us to roll this work on all over the world. 
 We had an illustration of this by this morning's 
 post. A gentleman, unknown to us, has sent 
 amidst the very hottest fire of slander, offering 
 £500 to help us raise £2,000 more in two months' 
 time. (Applause.) Others write us their deepest 
 sympathy, and send help from far and near. 
 Thus is the Lord making the wrath of man to 
 praise Him, and using our bitterest enemies to 
 help forward our blessed work. 
 
 We have had to encounter much prejudice also 
 against our teaching. At first many good people 
 supposed that we preached the antinomian doc- 
 trines so popular in this age, making everything 
 o^ faith, and little or nothing of good works. 
 When they read our books, however, and find out 
 that we teach the old-fashioned Gospel of re- 
 pentance, faith, and holiness, not daring to 
 separate what God has joined together, they 
 write us from all quarters congratulating us on 
 our resuscitation of Acts-of-Apostles teaching. 
 On the doctrine of holiness, also, there has been 
 much misunderstanding; but when people dis-
 
 72 THE SALVATION ABMY, 
 
 cover tliat we are teaching no sentimental sane- 
 tifioation, but practical holiness, — that we teach 
 that a man cannot be right with God while he 
 is doing wrong to men, — in short, that holiness 
 means being saved from sin, saved to the utter- 
 most, and filled with love to God and man, — they 
 say, Well, that is scriptural, that must be right ! 
 Wo wonder that, in the confessedly low state of 
 the Churches, this teaching has aroused much op- 
 position ; but we are thankful to know, as con- 
 fessed on all hands, that it has been used to stir 
 up the Churches and to provoke many to love and 
 good works. This teaching, like that of our 
 Lord and His apostles, has also won the testimony 
 of the enemy himself to its divinity. A leading 
 infidel paper said the other day, '^ That these 
 Salvationists are fools and fanatics we admit, 
 but that they are sincere we fully believe ; and 
 they appear to us to be more like the apostles 
 than any people we are acquainted with." I 
 quote from memory, but these are as near as 
 possible the words used. So you see the very 
 infidels understand us better than the Pharisees. 
 This all helps to break down prejudice amongst 
 the common people, and prepares our way to their 
 hearts ; and when once they find out that we are 
 disinterestedly working for their good, you can 
 judge what will be the result.
 
 ITS PROBABLE FUTURE. 73 
 
 Some one asks, What will be 
 
 The Army's Future Effect on the Churches? 
 
 Well, I think we have a right to judge from its 
 effects in the past. It has been publicly stated 
 at several diocesan councils here and there, on 
 Exeter Hall platform, and in many other places, 
 by bishops, leading clergy, ministers, and lead- 
 ing laymen, that the effect of the Salvation 
 Army on the Churches has been to stir them 
 up to greater devotion, love, and zeal for the 
 salvation of men. This is notorious the world 
 over. The testimony of these men, summed 
 up, is, that the Army has taught them many 
 valuable lessons. Amongst others, " The univer- 
 sal compulsion of souls," *' Aggressive Christi- 
 anity," — having coined the very term, — ''The em- 
 ployment of women," "The utilization of the 
 laity," etc. And although each of these wit- 
 nesses has his difficulties and objections, which 
 it would be too wonderful if he had not, from an 
 ecclesiastical standpoint, yet all agree in holding 
 up the love and devotion and zeal of our soldiers 
 for universal admiration and imitation ! Surely, 
 then, so far, the effect of the movement on the 
 Churches has been good and healthy. We know 
 for a positive fact that many Churches and
 
 74 THE SALVATION ABMY, 
 
 organizations have gained large accessions of 
 members tlirougli our work, and that their old 
 members have been quickened and stirred up. 
 Surely this is a good eflPect; and yet the poor 
 Salvation Army has received evil for good at the 
 hand of many an Alexander and Demetrius, and 
 has met with more of- the spirit of the vulture 
 than of the dove. Alas that it should be so ! 
 
 However, it won't do for people who are set to 
 lead a revolution to be thin-skinned; therefore 
 we go on, knowing that out of all this God will 
 work His own gracious designs. One pastor 
 went back to Paris from our Congress opening 
 (which so offended some people), saying, The 
 worship of the Salvation Army is destined to be- 
 come the worship of the future ! And at any rate, 
 it is already working marvellous changes. He 
 who leads us makes no mistakes, and we already 
 begin to see the unfolding of His plans. Who 
 can tell the influence of this one fact — the un- 
 locking of woman's lips in the service of her 
 Lord? If the scribes were not blinded with 
 the smoke, they would see the fulfilment of the 
 prophecy of the last great ingathering of souls ; 
 but their not seeing it does not alter the fact 
 that it is being fulfilled. We have now between 
 four and five hundred women officers; and the
 
 ITS PliOBABLE FUTUBE. 75 
 
 great majority of them are successful soul- 
 winners, in many cases wliole populations feeling 
 their influence. Think of the effect of this on 
 the public opinion of the Churches and of the 
 country ! Here are agents for evangelizing the 
 masses at home and the heathen abroad, — simple, 
 earnest, devoted, successful, and inexpensive ! 
 Yes, thank God, we are teaching the Churches 
 that others besides clergymen, ministers, deacons, 
 and elders can be used for the salvation of men. 
 The multitudes have too long been left to these. 
 As a clergyman said to me the other day, '* There 
 are 35,000 souls in my parish, what can one do ? " 
 What indeed ! Set the carpenters and washer- 
 women on to them, saved and filled with the 
 Spirit ! We are teaching the value of organizing 
 these rough forces of the Lord's Army, and send- 
 iiig them ahead as sappers and miners to prepare 
 the way of the Lord ; and we will go on teaching 
 them, though they do abuse us between the 
 lessons. 
 
 The Salvation Army has also taught some who 
 are apt to learn the value of all nights of prayer, 
 penitent forms, holiness meetings, and open-air 
 marches, etc., etc. Thank God, we don't want 
 to get all the blessings ; we want the Salvation 
 Army to be like Samson's foxes, going through
 
 1Q THE SALVATION AMIY, 
 
 the Churches with a fire-brand, setting every true 
 Christian on fire. God is my witness ; I should 
 rejoice in such a result. If they will only get 
 people saved, I don't care very much what sort 
 of creed or forms or ceremonies they adopt. As 
 the General says, '* If we make the man, the man 
 will clothe himself. Get the man right, and he 
 will get himself a house to live in ; he will betake 
 himself to the organization which best suits him." 
 Another result of our influence, which is uni- 
 versally admitted, is a 
 
 Higher Standard of Christian Life. 
 
 It is a marvellous thing, if we are wrong, that 
 wherever we go the testimony of Christians 
 who receive our teaching is, that they are 
 quickened and blessed, and begin to live a new 
 life. That is a curious effect of wrong teach- 
 ing, is it not? Yet that is the universal testi- 
 mony. Multitudes of Christians have abandoned 
 the use of strong drink, who had taken it all 
 their previous lives ; others, the use of tobacco 
 and similar indulgences. Perhaps some one may 
 answer, " But you cannot prove the use of 
 tobacco to be sinful." That depends on a man's 
 light; but it must be a higher degree of devotion 
 for a man to abandon it for the good of others.
 
 ITS PROBABLE FUTURE 77 
 
 than to smoke for his own indulgence. Numbers 
 of women have given up fashionable dressing, and 
 now dress as simple Christian women ought. I 
 say then, if, with so imperfect an organization, 
 having had everything to learn, and so much 
 to contend against, the Army has produced such 
 a wonderful effect on the Churches, what may we 
 not hope for with a more perfect system and an 
 ever-increasing force? We have more than 
 doubled our speed since Christmas, having taken 
 out 260 officers since then, nearly all of whom 
 are working prosperous corps in different parts 
 of the country. 
 
 A very important item to be borne in mind in 
 calculating the future of the Army, is the 
 
 Youth of its Officers. 
 
 They are mostly under twenty-five years of age 
 — young men and women full of fire and energy, 
 numbers of them having sacrificed home, or 
 friends, or situations, or offers of marriage, or 
 something which constituted to them their 
 earthly life ! Think of the absorption and hero- 
 ism such people are capable of, and what they 
 are likely to become with three or four more 
 years' experience. We have already a wonderful 
 development of talent and power all round. We
 
 78 THE SALVATION ARMY, 
 
 got a letter the other day from Major Simmonds 
 (formerly Clapliam), of the Training Home, whom, 
 some of you will remember, we sent to the Cape 
 about two months ago. 
 
 She says : " You would hardly know me. I 
 am nothing but skin and bone. I have been sick 
 every day of the whole voyage." Poor little 
 thing ! she was not very stout before. She goes 
 on to say ; " I am so thankful to be over it, and 
 once more on dry land, and able to write you. 
 And now for the war; we have begun already." 
 No moaning or groaning, no wishing herself 
 home again ; but " now for the war ! " This is 
 the spirit of our officers as a rule. You can see 
 at a glance that we have only to go on multiply- 
 ing such people sufficiently to bo able to put a 
 sufficient number of them down among the forces 
 of the enemy, and we can once more turn the 
 world upside down ! 
 
 You say. It will never be accomplished. How 
 do you know ? Don't tell me that the dispensa- 
 tion of the Spirit is going to end in this ignomini- 
 ous fashion. I don't believe it. I believe that 
 the fulness of the Gentiles has to come in, and the 
 remnant of Israel too. My son was speaking the 
 other day with one of the sons of Abraham ; and 
 he was perfectly delighted when he found out
 
 ITS PROBABLE FUTURE. 79 
 
 tliat we believed in the Old Testament as well as 
 the New, that we had not abolished the moral 
 law, and that we do not believe that Jesus Christ 
 ever intended to abolish it, but brought us power 
 to keep and love it. He was amazed to hear that 
 we believed that God still loved Israel, and was 
 longing to restore them and to unite all real 
 saints, whether Jews or Gentiles, in one grand 
 spiritual Israel, under one king, even the Son of 
 David. How little we know of God's purposes, 
 or of Jioio they are to be accomplished ! Perhaps 
 the theories of the scholars are as much at sea on 
 this subject as the notions of the Jews were as to 
 the coming and character of the Messiah. Let 
 us work on in faith and hope, for who can tell 
 what wonderful things are before us. 
 
 Another future effect of the Salvation Army, will 
 be the opening of the prison doors to them that 
 are bound. How do I know ? Because we are — 
 
 iNsnuiNG Hope 
 
 in the hopeless all over the world ! Christians who 
 have given up hope, in despair of being able to do 
 anything for their fellow-men, are inspired afresh 
 by our work. This was beautifully expressed by a 
 French writer who visited our hall in Paris one 
 night. He said : " The aspect of the work that
 
 80 THE SALVATION ARMY, 
 
 struck me most was, that it was reassuring." He 
 said: "I liad been hearing of the state of the 
 public, and I had been thinking of the state of 
 the Church, and I had been looking with despair 
 of anybody being able to do anything for these 
 people; but here I found a handful of men and 
 women who were acting out their beliefs and who 
 believed in success, and at least it was reassuring." 
 Yes ; and if you knew the numbers of letters 
 we receive from all parts of the world, you would 
 see this too. We had a letter only the other day 
 from a gentleman in Persia, in which he tells us 
 how he had been hearing and reading about the 
 Salvation Army; and he says: '*I am so im- 
 pressed that it is this that we want here, and I 
 am so sure you will come, that I have got thirty 
 young men, teaching them to read, and getting 
 them ready for you to make officers of." It is 
 the same with regard to Eussia. A Eussian 
 count, a man of great experience in Christian 
 work, said to me : " You might go for a thou- 
 sand miles in Eussia, and not find a cottage or a 
 palace without a Bible, and you might go the 
 same distance and not find 07ie living Christian, 
 It is the Salvation Army we want." Yes ; and, 
 we doubt not, God will raise us up officers one 
 day who will go to Eussia.
 
 ITS PBOBABLE FUTUEE. 81 
 
 Not only has the Army resuscitated hope in 
 despairing Christians, but also among the poor, 
 the LOST, AND THE FORLORN everywhere. This 
 beautiful story reached us the other day : In a 
 bad house, a wretched place somewhere, where 
 the poor inmates were never allowed to go out 
 of doors, but at certain times and under certain 
 surveillance, there was a certain window with 
 gratings where those poor girls could get a look 
 at our soldiers as they passed ; and one of them, 
 who is since converted, says : *' ^Ye used to rush 
 to those gratings, and press our faces against 
 them, and watch until we could see the last cap 
 of the last soldier pass out of sight. We felt 
 somehow or other that theij were our hope, and 
 were to be our deliverers." Oh, yes ! the very 
 thieves and the harlots everywhere, though they 
 persecute us, armed with the sayings of ministers 
 and PROFESSORS against us, yet in their souls they 
 respect us ; and 
 
 The Salvation Army Officer is the Man they 
 Send for when they are Dying. 
 
 They feel as those poor fellows at Lucknow did — 
 they feel that we are the spiritual Campbells that 
 are going to deliver them. We have resuscitated 
 hope in them, thank God for that ! I was hear- 
 
 G
 
 82 TEE SALVATION ABMY, 
 
 ing some of my daughter's stories yesterday from 
 Ge'neva, that were enongli to make one weep tears 
 of blood. The stories of poor lost ones, both 
 men and women, who came to ponr out their 
 hearts' histories to her; trodden down, hidden 
 away, nobody caring anything about them, lost 
 to hope. But when they found one with a heart 
 of sympathy and love, they could go and pour out 
 these stories. They looked, and longed for, the 
 healing balm, the oil of consolation. They said : 
 " Can I be saved ? Do you think there is hope 
 for such as I am?" Oh, yes; you poor Mag- 
 dalenes and legion-possessed men, there is hope. 
 The Salvation Army exists on purpose to save 
 YOU. Hallelujah ! we are coming. 
 
 "But what will it grow to ? " I don't know ; 
 but if it is of God, the bigger the better ; and 
 if not, you know the conclusion of the town clerk 
 of Ephesus. We are so confident of the DiviDe 
 leading in the past, that we feel able to abandon 
 the future guidance of the Army to it also. 
 They say, "Well, but what about this one man 
 government ? I reply, that no other is possible 
 with an Army ; and it seems to me that we are 
 just as safe with one man at the helm as with 
 twenty, and far more likely to get the ship into 
 port. Nearly all the folly that has been talked
 
 ITS PROBABLE FUTURE. 83 
 
 on this point is exploded by one consideration, 
 namely, that this General assumes no jueisdiotion 
 OVER THE ooNSCiENOEj whatever people may say to 
 the contrary. 
 
 Nobody is bound either to join the Army or to 
 stay in after they have joined. Nobody is un- 
 christianized or anathematized merely for leaving 
 it. Many who have left it are now hajjpily worh- 
 ing for God in other sipheres, 2^^'ocuTed or rendered 
 possible to them by our recommendation. In 
 view of such facts it is simply ridiculous to talk 
 about popery, the very essence of which is. No 
 salvation outside its pale. 
 
 We consider that the moral tone of any organi- 
 zation is the only real guarantee for purity of 
 government; and while the spirit of the Army 
 remains what it is, it would not be possible for an 
 untrue or double-minded man to retain the posi- 
 tion OF General for forty-eight hours ! People 
 little know the tremendous moral strain involved 
 in such a work. An untrue man would sooner be 
 in hell than be the General of the Salvation Army. 
 Then add to this, that there is not, and never can 
 be, any pecuniary temptation to such a man, and, 
 for a long time to come at any rate, plenty of 
 public abuse, and you will see how senseless are 
 many of the fears expressed. But supposing the
 
 84 THE SALVATTON AHMY, 
 
 moral tone, tliat is the spirit, of tlie movement 
 should degenerate, and it should become worldly 
 and lifeless ? I reply. It is so constituted, and so 
 depends upon its spirit, having little intellect and 
 no learning to depend upon, that it would simply 
 go out, and need no governing at all ! And the 
 sooner the better, when it has ceased to live. We 
 don't want to create a form, capable of holding 
 together when the spirit has departed ; we would 
 rather it were buried, as all corpses should be. 
 
 We only want it to serve God's purpose, and 
 so, you see, we shall be satisfied either way. We 
 honestly tried committees and conferences, and 
 they failed ; and we know perfectly well that if 
 we were to admit, say, half-a-dozen men into our 
 cabinet to-day, there would be an end of our 
 aggressiveness to-morrow. You see, God has 
 trained us by a very peculiar discipline for this 
 work ; He has delivered us to a great extent from 
 the trammels of conventionalism, and used us to 
 make this movement out of the untaught masses. 
 Where could we find a leader so well adapted as 
 the man who has, under God, made it ? 
 
 Let us go on serving our generation, leaving 
 God to look after the next. At any rate, the 
 present generation, so far as the masses are 
 concerned, are not much benefited by the legisla-
 
 ITS PROBABLE FUTURE. 85 
 
 tion of the Churclies of bygone generations ; 
 and you know there are many very good men 
 who contend that some of our most carefully 
 constructed forms are only a burden and hin- 
 drance to true and live men. We do not intend 
 this movement ever to settle down into a sect, if 
 prayer and faith or prudence and foresight can 
 prevent it. We desire that it should continue an 
 ever-aggressive force, going to the regions be- 
 yond while there are any sinners left unsaved. 
 And if we might choose its future, or rather, tJie 
 future which we would like it to bring in, it 
 should be one of universal peace and good-will 
 to men, and all the praise, honour, and thanks- 
 giving unto God ! 
 
 In conclusion, we think a wonderful indication 
 of the future is the growth of public interest 
 in us ; for we cannot utter a word now of any 
 moment but it goes round the world. That too 
 is TESTIMONY, and we rejoice in it, for I contend 
 that it is something to get a notice about the 
 Salvation Army into the Times and into the 
 Daily Netvs, It makes every publican, and every 
 member of Parliament, and every lord and lady, 
 from the Queen on the throne downwards, read it. 
 They cannot for the life of them help noticing it, 
 and they cannot prevent the ideas which the
 
 86 THE SALVATION ABMY. 
 
 word SALVATION brings up in their minds. It is 
 the most beautiful word on earth, the most 
 beautiful word in heaven — salvation. 
 
 " Here you are again ! " says a member of 
 Parliament to his wife, " salvation again ; " and 
 lie throws the paper to her. "What does this 
 mean ? " I contend that only raising the 
 question may do a man good, and set him think- 
 ing. I contend that the fact that the public 
 leading journals of this land have to report the 
 progress, and proceedings, and persecutions, and 
 sufferings of the Salvation Army, makes every 
 man and woman in England begin to realize in 
 some dim sort of way that they themselves have 
 something to do with salvation after all, that 
 they have got a soul, and that they will want to 
 be saved one day! It is a wonderful achieve- 
 ment, to get something about God, and religion, 
 and eternity into our public prints, where they 
 have so long been shut out ! And I must say that 
 the secular press has done us a great deal more 
 justice than the religious. All honour to them ! 
 I am bound to say, that in common honesty I 
 hope the religious press will learn better by-and- 
 by. If they don't, they will be the sufferers, and 
 not the Salvation Army.
 
 APPENDIX, 
 
 THE ''SECRET BOOK" SO CALLED. 
 
 I FEEL tliafc these Addresses would be incomplete without a 
 few words about the so-called secret book. 
 
 And, first, there has been endless confusion as to which 
 book has been thus designated. Please note that we have 
 two small books, — one entitled " Orders and Regulations," 
 the other " Doctrine and Discipline," and these are the only 
 books of this character ever published. The five other parts 
 referred to in " Orders " have not been written. Secondly, 
 please note that the book referred to in Mr. Charles worth's 
 letter in The Times was not the *' Orders and Regulations," 
 as his own words prove. After giving his own monstrous 
 assertions as to our teachings, for which there is not a word 
 of justification in either book, he says : *' I challenge you to 
 make that book public — not the book to which you refer 
 when these Orders are spoken of, which is only the general 
 orders and regulations for the members of the Army, but the 
 book given to your trusted initiated officers for their guidance 
 and instruction, with an express direction not to show it." 
 This book is the " Doctrine and Discipline," which, by the 
 way, you can get for sixpence anywhere. I repeat, we have 
 only these two books. Therefore, seeing that, as Mr. Charles- 
 worth says, he does not mean the " Orders and Regulations," 
 given to the whole Army, he must mean " Doctrine and 
 Discipline." 
 
 With respect to this little book, I want you to note, first, 
 that it is a catechism prepared specially for our cadets, of 
 the simplest and most understandable nature, setting forth 
 our doctrines ; secondly, that it was never a secret book in 
 the sense our enemies insinuate ; but we, knowing that some 
 
 87
 
 88 THE SALVATION ARMY. 
 
 of our views would differ from those of many other Chris- 
 tians, did not wish to be brought into collision by making 
 the book public, and so at first it was confined mainly to our 
 oflScers ; but for some time now it has been sold at all our 
 stations. 
 
 Now I contend that, seeing that we have views, and seeing 
 that no religious organization can exist and operate without 
 some human rendering of the word of God, we had as much 
 right to inculcate our views as any other teachers; and 
 especially seeing that God had used us to make a new people 
 from amongst those who never had either any religion or 
 religious views before. There is not a sentence in the text 
 of "Doctrine and Discipline" of which we see any reason 
 to be ashamed, and we fearlessly commit it to time and to 
 posterity for their verdict. 
 
 I want you to note further, that notwithstanding Mr. 
 Charlesworth's express declaration that he did not refer to 
 *' Orders and Regulations," our enemies have dexterously 
 mixed up this book with the other, and tried to make this ap- 
 pear to be the secret book, so called ; and this they persist in 
 doing, although they know perfectly well that " Orders and 
 Kegulations " have been commented on in many of the public 
 journals for five years gone by, advertised in the War Cry, 
 and sold at all our stations ! Talk of duplicity ! We might 
 retort : " Pull the beam out of thine own eye," then perhaps 
 the moat in thy brother's eye will not assume such vast pro- 
 portions ! But further, our critics state that this book teaches 
 dissimulation. I challenge them to prove it from the text it- 
 self. The DISSIMULATION is IMPORTED from their own suspicious 
 brains and hearts. If this were true, how is it that they have 
 been so long in finding it out ? For this book has been in 
 the hands of the editors of many religious journals for years, 
 and read and recommended by some of the highest dignitaries 
 of the Church long ago.* 
 
 It is wonderful that anybody can be persuaded to believe 
 that we intended to teach men to deceive, and at the same 
 time sell the hooh containing these instructions to all comers for 
 2d, If It is too ridiculous, and yet it seems that nothing is too 
 ridiculous to get up a case against the Salvation Army. 
 
 * See the Bishop of Durham's charge at Bishop Auckland, the 14th 
 Dec, 1882. 
 t " Orders and Eegulations."
 
 APPENDIX. 89 
 
 I will just refer to two or three paragraphs of this book 
 which have been taken greatest exception to. Tlie first is as 
 follows : — 
 
 " 2. But the only information we can rely on is that which you get by 
 the use of your own eyes. An officer on this duty has no business with 
 bashfulness or propriety. He should never wait to know whether he 
 may go here or there. If a theatre door be open, walk in and inspect 
 every part of the building until somebody objects. The remark that you 
 want to see the manager, and that you are a perfect stranger groping 
 your way, will generally satisfy everybody, and will prevent officials 
 from treating you with disrespect. You can afford any quantity of 
 apologies after you have got the information you wanted. But if you go 
 in an humble, timid way, people will take advantage of you continually." 
 
 Now, it has to be assumed, in order to import duplicity here, 
 that the ofiBcer is not a stranger, and that he does not want to 
 see the manager ; whereas he is a stranger, and his visit to 
 the town would be useless unless he did see the manager. We 
 all know that theatres are public buildings ; and if anybody- 
 wants to hire one, of course they need first to see it, and it 
 would be useless for a man to go in a frightened timid way. 
 As one of our friends said, " This is only what we do in 
 business every day ; " nobody thinks of pinning his heart on 
 his sleeve when engaged for his own interests, why should we 
 in the Lord's ? The next passage is as follows : — 
 
 " Ministers will, for politeness and decency sake, assure you that they 
 take the deepest interest in your blessed work — which perhaps they do, 
 provided it keeps at a distance from them. But if, thrown off your guard 
 by this, you inform them of your plans, they may either mislead you by 
 advising against the buildings where you would best succeed, or even 
 may go so far as to persuade people to refuse the use of the places you 
 most need." 
 
 Our critics say that this teaches suspicion and disrespect to 
 ministers and Christians. I reply, that we are heartily sorry 
 that such instruction should be a necessity ; but I throw back 
 the blame of it on to those who have made it one ! I coidd give 
 you some illustrations, did time permit. Take one or two. 
 In Glasgow, our people were negotiating for a church which 
 was to let, when a leading man in evangelistic work went and 
 ofifered £20 per year more, in order to keep us out ! In an- 
 other case we tried for a chapel which nobody else could fill, 
 and were refused, the parties preferring to keep it empty 
 rather than let us fill it with the perishing masses ! These
 
 90 THE SALVATION ABMY. 
 
 are only specimens of mmibers of similar cases, often managed 
 in the most underhand way, the movers in ivhich now essay 
 to teach ns sincerity ! I say, that we have again and again 
 been treated without any regard to the first principles of 
 honour, to say nothing of religion, compelling us to practise 
 the sagacity of the serpent, and sometimes to ''write on the 
 ground " when we had the power to speak ; but we deny that 
 any sinful duplicity was taught or intended, The next para- 
 graph is as follows : — 
 
 "The C. 0. must always remember that everything done should be 
 impressive, especially at the commencement of an attack like this. A 
 large company of soldiers will itself be impressive, no matter how the 
 men conduct themselves. They can shout and laugh and display the 
 most perfect freedom. But two or three will not be able to produce a 
 deep impression without far more careful conduct. They must either 
 make a very great show of energetic zeal, or else profound solemnity and 
 intense conviction." 
 
 "Now," say our critics, "here is dissimulation! Officers 
 and men are to appear grave or joyous as best suits their pur- 
 pose ; bat whatever appearance they bear is to be put on for 
 the occasion." No, no ; nothing is to be put on, but only to 
 be LET OUT. This direction is given to people whom we hioiv 
 to be possessed of both classes of feelings, as the disciples 
 who praised God with a loud voice on their way with Jesus 
 from the Mount of Olives, but who a little while afterwards 
 were overwhelmed with consternation and grief. We simply 
 say to these inexperienced people, " If you are in sufficient 
 force to make a great demonstration, you need not restrain 
 yourselves, but let out your joyful feelings in the most natural 
 way ; but, if on the other hand, you are almost alone, it will 
 not be expedient to manifest your feelings of joy so freely, 
 because they will not be so appropriate and would not do so 
 much good as the exhibition of the more solemn class of feel- 
 ings. In order to import duplicity here, our enemies have to 
 judge us out of their own experience; and not having many 
 joyous feelings themselves, they imagine that we have not. 
 People who know anything of our people, know perfectly 
 well that they are utterly incapable of skilful deception. 
 Even infidel papers give them credit for incontrovertible 
 sincerity. 
 
 ^ The next and most important slander concerning the Salva- 
 tion Army is, that we set at nought the authority of the Holy
 
 APPEXDIX. n 
 
 Scripture. Allow me to quote one sentence from our Cate- 
 chism : — 
 
 " 12. What authority has the Bible with the Army ? 
 
 " While we hold that Gocl does, by His Spirit, speak aa directly to His 
 people in this age as iu any other, still The Army does solemnly and 
 most emphatically regard the Bible as the divinely authorised standard 
 by which all other professed revelations are to be tried ; and, if any pro^ 
 fessed revelations speak and square not according to that standard, such 
 revelations are to be rejected as having no truth in them. Whatever is 
 contrary to the teaching of this Book must be considered false and thrown 
 overboard. 
 
 " ' To the law and to the testimony : if they speak not accordhig to this word, it 
 is because there is no light in them.'— Isaia?i viii. 20." 
 
 Of course our critics never quote that amongst their pre- 
 tended extracts, because it would show the dirty business they 
 are about, in trying to traduce the characters of people who 
 not only believe in the Bible, but who j^mc^/^e its precepts. 
 
 I think these remarks will apply equally to all the mis- 
 representations with respect to our little books, except perhaps 
 I ought to refer to the slanderous assertion that we are 
 opposed to marriages amongst our officers ! We may well 
 ask, What next ? 
 
 We answer this by simply pointing to recent facts, the 
 marriage of our son and about a score officers within a few 
 months. In judging of our instructions, however, on this 
 point, please to bear in mind that we have, I should think, 
 200 women officers not more than twenty, and perhaps as 
 many men of the same age, and you will see the absolute 
 necessity, for their own sakes, for some oversight with respect 
 to engagements. I believe the Wesleyans refuse to accept a 
 candidate for the ministry if he is engaged, and do not allow 
 their young ministers to marry until their four years' pro- 
 bation has expired. How awful this must be in the eyes of 
 our critics! We are accused of disregarding home ties, and 
 sundering families. I answer, that the Salvation Army has 
 restored more profligate husbands and prodigal sons and 
 daughters, and created more domestic bliss in one month, 
 than most of our critics have done in a life-time ; if you doubt 
 it, "come and see." We do teach, however, that home ties, 
 and all other ties, should be made, maintained, and used for 
 the glory of God and the salvation of men; and this we
 
 92 TEE SALVATION ABMY. 
 
 intend to go on teacbing, however mucli our enemies may 
 rage. 
 
 In conclusion, I may say, however, that having learnt many 
 new lessons in the five years' continuous labour since the 
 Order Book was published, and having found by bitter 
 experience how easy it was to put a false construction upon 
 some of the sentences, which were extracted (sometimes with 
 little alteration) from the order book of Her Majesty's forces, 
 we had resolved upon a careful revision, which was in pro- 
 gress at the very time when these recent attacks were made. 
 Of course under these circumstances we thought it necessary 
 to go on publishing the book unaltered ; but the revised 
 edition will shortly be ready. In the meantime I pray God 
 to bring to a better spirit those who have so undeservedly 
 and bitterly maligned us, and thus, for a time at least, have 
 f" helped them that hate the Lord." 
 
 Butler & Tanner, The Selwood Printing Works, Fronie, and London.
 
 
 W, < 
 
 
 "^^M 
 
 4^