< 
 
Digitized by tlie Internet Arcliive 
 in 2015 
 
 littpsV/archive.org/details/liistoryofancientOOpark 
 
THE HISTOEY OF 
 
 THE ANCIENT BOROUGH OF 
 
 HEDON 
 
 IN THE 
 
 OF HOLDERNESS, 
 
 AND ' . 
 
 the COUNTY OF YORK. 
 
 BY 
 
 And oft conducted by historic truth, 
 We tread the long extent of backward ti7ne/' 
 
 HULL : 
 
 Printed and Published by W. G. B. PAGE, 77, SPRING STREET, 
 And SOLD by all Bookselleijs. 
 
 SEIGNIORY 
 AST-RIDING of 
 
 1895. 
 
Dedication. 
 
 TO THE 
 
 MAYOE, ALDERMEN, and COUNCILLORS 
 OF THE Borough of 
 HEDON; 
 
 The vicar and CHURCHWARDENS 
 of the Pabish ; 
 
 AND THE 
 
 Parishioners of Hedon generally; 
 
 THIS imperfect HISTORY OF HIS ADOPTED TOWN IS RESPECTFULLY 
 
 DEDICATED BY 
 
 THE AUTHOR. 
 
PEEFACE. 
 
 " Whatever strengthens our local attachment is favourable both to individual and 
 national character -our home— our birth-place — our native land. Shew me the man who 
 cares no more for one place than another, and I will shew you in that same person one 
 who loves nothing but himself." 
 
 " It is," says a local historian,* a venerable and laudable 
 usage for an author to introduce his subject to his readers with 
 a few prefatory remarks intended to incite a mutual interest 
 and a kindred sympathy in what both are about to explain 
 together." There is, perhaps, no subject which requires in- 
 citement more than local history, especially when that local 
 history is confined to the small, but ancient, and, at one time, 
 important, but now, comparatively speaking, the little known 
 borough of Hedon. There is little in such a history to awaken 
 an interest in the present generation, save, perhaps, those who 
 
 " List the legends of their happy home, 
 Linked as they come with every tender tie, 
 Memorials dear of youth and infancy." f 
 
 At the same time it is to be hoped that few will be 
 found to indorse the sentiment that 
 
 " The histories of a town, a nation, and a man, are little more than 
 registers of human woe 
 
 * Barker's Wensleydale. 
 
 t Sir Walter Scott. 
 
YI. 
 
 but many to appreciate the nobler sentiment of Soiithey, that 
 
 " Whatever streng-tliens our local attachment is favourable both to in- 
 dividual and national character — our home — our birth-place — our native 
 land. Think for a moment what the virtues are which arise out of the 
 feelings connected with these words, and if you have any intellectual eyes 
 you will then perceive the connexion between topography and patriotism."* 
 
 Little, comparatively speaking, was known of the history 
 of Hedon previous to the researches of the late Mr. George 
 Poulson, published in his History of Holderness, in 1841, from 
 which History, and from such Records as are still in the 
 possession of the Corporation, together with the Terriers and 
 Registers in the Parish Church, the author has attempted to 
 compile a more detailed, but still an imperfect, history of the 
 Borough. He lays claim to nothing original — he professes 
 only to be 
 
 "A gatherer and a disposer ol other men's stuff, "f 
 
 adopting the words of an old well-known poet : + 
 
 All these things here collected are not mine — 
 But divers grapes make but one kind of wine ; 
 So I from many learned authors' took 
 The various matters written in this book." 
 
 The Author has thought it desirable for his own con- 
 venience, and, as he hopes, for that of his readers, to divide 
 his subject into four divisions, viz., the Municipal, the 
 Representative, the Topographical, and the Ecclesiastical 
 history. 
 
 In the first (the Municipal) he has attempted to give a 
 brief history of the ancient Corporation of Hedon, with an 
 account of the various charters which from time to time have 
 
 * TAe Doctor. f Wotton. % Taylor (The Water Poet). 
 
VII. 
 
 been granted to it and by which it is governed, and where 
 materials have been found fragniental notices of some of those 
 old Burghers who in their day and generation have been more 
 or less distinguished, and who so 
 
 " Well seemed each of them a fair Burgess, 
 For sitting in a^Guild Hail on a dais ; 
 And each one for the wisdom tliat he can. 
 Was shapely for to be an Alderman."* 
 
 In the second (the Eepresentative history) he has 
 attempted a sketch of some of the celebrated men who have 
 represented the Borough from the time of King Edward VI. to 
 the passing of the Parliamentary Beform Act in 1832, amongst 
 whom will be found 
 
 "Proud names that once tlie reins of empire lield."t 
 
 The third division comprises a Topographical history of the 
 town, with references to the several streets, public buildings, 
 and lands in the parish. And in this division the Author has 
 also attempted to rescue from oblivion some of the local cus- 
 toms which, until recent times, still lingered about the place, 
 but which are now fast fading away, for Hedon differs not in 
 that respect from almost all other ancient towns where 
 
 " Many precious rites 
 And customs of our local ancestry 
 Are gone or stealing from us.":|: 
 
 And in the last division, (the Ecclesiastical history,) the 
 Author has endeavoured to give some account not only of the 
 present noble fabric of S. Augustine, in his description of which 
 he has drawn largely from an excellent little book published 
 many years ago by the Kev. James Hare Wake, sometime Vicar 
 
 • Chaucer. 
 
 t Tickell. 
 
 X Wordsworth, 
 
YIII. 
 
 of Hedon, and the exhaustive treatise on the architecture of 
 the building by the late Mr. George Edmund Street, E.A., and 
 from such other sources as he has been able to gather ; but also 
 of those churches which formerly existed in the town, all traces 
 of which have now entirely vanished, perhaps in some degree a 
 prey to that 
 
 " Dark fanaticism which rent 
 Altar, screen, and ornament."* 
 
 The Author takes the opportunity of most gratefully ac- 
 knowledging the valuable assistance he has received from many 
 friends, especially from Mr. T. Tindall Wildridge, Mr. William 
 Todd (the master of the Hedon Board School) and his son, 
 Mr. John Todd, who have each of them kindly presented him 
 with original drawings of places and objects of interest in the 
 town and in the Church ; and Mr. John Evans for the plan of 
 the parish he has gratuitously furnished. To Mr. W. G. B. 
 Page the Author is under great obligations for his general 
 supervision of the work during its progress, and for the com- 
 pilation of a copious index, which adds so much to the value of 
 local history. The Author also begs to acknowledge with 
 thanks the readiness with which Mr. A. P. Iveson, the Town 
 Clerk, has allowed him the inspection of the various charters 
 and other interesting archives of the Corporation, and the 
 courtesy of the Rev. J. H. Richardson, the Yicar of the Parish, 
 for generously allowing him free access to the terriers, parish 
 registers, and other documents relating to the Church. 
 
 In concluding his prefatory remarks the Author adopts 
 the words of a local historian t 
 
 » Sir Walter Scott. 
 
 * Grange's NidderdaU. 
 
IX. 
 
 " Errors and imperfections of necessity the book will contain, as those 
 are inseparable from ail human productions." 
 
 " Of all, those met rewards who could excel, 
 
 And those were praised who but endeavoured well." 
 
 The Font. 
 St. Augustine's Church, Hedon. 
 
ILLXJSTEATIONS. 
 
 North West view of Hedon Church, 
 
 Frontisp 
 
 ]eec. 
 
 Font, St. Aiigustme's Church, 
 
 
 IX. 
 
 Facsimile of King John's Charter, 
 
 
 15 
 
 Hedon Corporation Seals, .... 
 
 
 27 
 
 Baine's Half-Penny, .... 
 
 
 94 
 
 Aid. Wm. Kirk, M.R.C.S., 
 
 .... To face 
 
 123 
 
 Corporation Plate, 
 
 
 125 
 
 Wm. Pulteney, Earl of Bath, 
 
 
 165 
 
 Lord George Berkeley, .... 
 
 ,, 
 
 170 
 
 Lord George Anson, R.N., 
 
 ,, 
 
 172 
 
 Christopher Atkinson (Savile), .... 
 
 ,, 
 
 178 
 
 Col. John Baillie, 
 
 ,, 
 
 187 
 
 Sir T. A. Clifford Constable, Bart., 
 
 ... 
 
 189 
 
 Market Cross, erected 1733, 
 
 .... 
 
 205 
 
 Town Hall, 1698, 
 
 
 208 
 
 Old Vicarage, 
 
 
 248 
 
 St. Augustine's Church, 1784, .... 
 
 To face 
 
 244 
 
 Ground Plan, St. Augustine's Church, 
 
 
 257 
 
 Nave Clerestory Windows, St. Augustine's 
 
 Church ,, 
 
 267 
 
 North Transept Doorway, St. Augustine's 
 
 Church, 
 
 270 
 
 Bishop of Bathurst, N. S. Wales, 
 
 
 276 
 
 Effigies in St. Augustine's Church, .... 
 
 
 287 
 
 Plan of E edon, 
 
 To face 
 
 304 
 
THE 
 
 HISTORY OF HEDON. 
 
 * If favoured by fortune my lot it had been 
 
 * lo choose out the land I would live on, 
 
 ' Of all the fair countries I've ever yet seen, 
 
 * The land I would fix on is Hedon. 
 
 * The men are most rare and the women most fair j 
 
 * Of whatever the fancy is fed on 
 
 * Kind Heaven has sent a most bountiful share 
 « To those who inhabit at Hedon. 
 
 * The strict bonds of friendship, the soft bands of love, 
 
 * The passions which Bards have most said on, 
 
 * The genial affections on Mortals can prove 
 
 * Their influence nowhere like Hedon. 
 
 * Then all to whom fortune hath granted this state 
 « By liveliest gratitude led on 
 
 •Enjoining the first of all favours of fate 
 « Sing praise everlasting to Hedon.' — Anon. 
 
 ^T^HE Town of Hedon, at the present day, although it may 
 present to the casual observer, or the careless traveller, 
 few features of interest in a commercial or picturesque point of 
 view, does, notwithstanding, possess many objects of interest to 
 the Historian and the Antiquary. 
 
 The Parish is co-extensive with the Borough, and contains 
 an area of 312 acres 1 rood 22 perches, with a population, according 
 to the census of 1891, of 979 persons. The annual value of the 
 whole of the property in the parish, in the year 1891, was 
 Mfim lOs. Od. 
 
2 The History of Hedon. 
 
 Hedon, the metropolis of the Seigniory of Holderness, is 
 situate in a flat district, about three miles distant from the 
 river Humber, and is bounded on the north and west by the 
 parish of Preston, on the south by the parishes of Paull and 
 Thorngumbald, and on the east by the parish of Burstwick. 
 
 Of the ancient state of Hedon, doubtless, once, a 
 thriving seaport and mercantile town, the devastating hand of 
 time has left us but few records. Its origin, the derivation of 
 its name, its early history, its former importance, extent and 
 population, are lost in obscurity. It has been affirmed by some 
 that the original name of Hedon was Ked Town, or Ked City, and 
 was founded by some British Prince previous to the time of the 
 Saxons, but no proofs have ever been adduced confirmatory of this 
 tradition. Mr. Thomas Thompson, an acknowledged authority 
 on topographical subjects, says : 
 
 " In the name of Hedon we have a name of Gael'C Celtic, that is of Brigantian 
 origin, ^ He ' meaning bold or daring, and 'Don' or 'Dun,' a castle or 
 hill fort, and although no hill or castle exists there now, Leland in his 
 account of Hedon, says : ' Not far from the church yard, appears tokens 
 of a pile or castle, that was sometimes the defence of the town. Thus, Hedon 
 means The bold or daring castle.' "* 
 
 Mr. Poulson, the learned and indefatigable historian of 
 Holderness, with much apparent reason, gives it as his opinion 
 that the name of Hedon is derived from the Saxon word ' Heda,' 
 a Port or small Haven. t It is, however, remarkable that no 
 mention is made of Hedon in Domesday Book, although that 
 
 * History of Weltou, p. 1J5. 
 
 t History of Holderness, Vol. ii., p. 105. 
 
The History of Hedon. 
 
 3 
 
 fact must not be taken as conclusive evidence that the town was 
 not then in existence, for there are several similar omissions in 
 that early record of the Kingdom ; it may have been described 
 by some name by which it is not now recognised, or it may have 
 been included in some of the neighbouring villages. 
 
 Leland, the well-known antiquary, has the following notice 
 of Hedon : 
 
 " Heddon hath beene a fair Haven Toun : it standith a Mile and more withyn 
 the Creke, that cummith out of Humbre ynto it. The Se Crekes parting 
 aboute the sayde Toun, did insulate it, and Shippis lay aboute the Toun : but 
 now men cum to it by 3. Bridges, wher it is evident to se that sum Places 
 wher the Shippes lay be over growen with Flagges and Eeades : and the Haven 
 is very sorely decayid. There were 3. Paroche Chirchis in Tyme of Mynde : 
 but now ther is but one of S. Augustine : but that is very fair. And not far 
 from this Chirch Garth appere tokens of a Pile or Castelle that was some- 
 tyme ther for a Defence of tue Town. The Town hath yet greate Privileges 
 with a Mair and Bailives : but wher it had yn Edwarde the 3. days, many 
 good Shippes and riclie Marchaunts, now ther be but a few Botes and no 
 Marchauntes of any estimation, Svvarning and choking of the Haven, and Fier 
 defacing mucli of the Toun hath beene the Decay of it. Sum say That the 
 Staple of Woulle of the North Partes was ons ther. Treuth is that when HuUe 
 began to flourish, Heddon decaied. Tlie Erie of Albemarle and Hohlerncs 
 was Lord of Heddon : and also of Sktpton yn Craven at the same Tyme. This Erie 
 had a greate Maner Place at Newton* a Mile byneth Hedon, nerer to 
 Humbre then it. for it stondith on the lower side of the Creke : and Heddon 
 on the upper. Ther be two Cantuarie Prestes foundid by the Albemarles at 
 Newton. The Albemarles had also a Castelle or greate Manor Place at 
 SMjjsey yn Holdernes, not far from the Shore, a vj. or vij. Miles from 
 Bridlington'' 
 
 Camden says, with respect to Hedon : 
 
 From this town runs out very forward into the sea a promontory, called 
 by Plotemy Ocellvm, by us Holdernesse, and a certain monk Cava Dcira, 
 
 * Newton Garth. 
 
 + Itinerar}', Vol. i., p. 63-64. 
 
The History of Hedon. 
 
 Hollow Deira, as much as to say Cava regio, and in the same sense as Ccelesyria. 
 In this the first place that offers on the turn of the shore is Headon, formerly, 
 if we may believe report so apt to enlarge on truth, and which I do not 
 refuse to credit, by the industry of merchants and application to the 
 marine advanced to the highest pitch; from which, such is the uncertainty 
 to which places as well as persons are liable, it fell by the nearness of Hull ; 
 and by the silting up of the harbour is so sunk as to have scarce the least 
 traces of its former splendour; though King John granted to Baldwin, Earl 
 of Albemarle and Hoklerness, and to Hawise his wife, free burgage here, 
 so that the burgesses should hold in free burgage by the same customs as 
 at York and Nichol. It is now beginning to recover hojtes of being restored 
 to its former consequence." * 
 
 The authentic evidence that there were at one time three 
 churches, together with the frequent mention, in old deeds and 
 records, of the names of gates and streets which have disappeared 
 or cannot now be identified, prove beyond all doubt that Hedon 
 was, at one time, a town of much larger extent, population and 
 importance than it now is. That Hedon was a place of con- 
 siderable importance at the time that it received its first Charters 
 in the early part of the thirteenth century, and that it occupied 
 an important position amongst English ports, may be gathered 
 from an account collected at the various English ports from the 
 20th July, 1203, to the 30th November, 1205 ; the following 
 being the whole of the places at which duties were collected 
 during the time stated. 
 
 £ s. d. 
 
 London - - - - 836 12 0 
 Boston _ - - _ 780 15 3 
 
 * Camden's Brit. (1606) voJ. iii., p. 248. 
 
 £ s. d. 
 Southampton - - 712 3 7| 
 Lincoln - - - - 656 12 2 
 
TJie History of Hedon. 
 
 5 
 
 
 £ 
 
 s. 
 
 d. 
 
 
 £ 
 
 s. 
 
 d. 
 
 Lj'nn- - - - 
 
 - 651 
 
 11 
 
 11 
 
 Fowey - - - . 
 
 - - 18 
 
 15 
 
 11 
 
 Hull - - - - 
 
 - 344 
 
 14 
 
 ^2 
 
 Immiiigton 
 
 - ~ 18 
 
 15 
 
 
 York - - - - 
 
 - 175 
 
 8 
 
 10 
 
 Selby - - - . 
 
 - - 17 
 
 16 
 
 8 
 
 Newcastle- - - 
 
 - 158 
 
 5 
 
 11 
 
 Colchester - ■ 
 
 - - 16 
 
 12 
 
 8 
 
 Grimsby - - - 
 
 - 91 
 
 15 
 
 0 
 
 SanJwich - 
 
 - - 16 
 
 0 
 
 0 
 
 Winchelsea - - 
 
 - G2 
 
 2 
 
 4 
 
 Exeter - - - . 
 
 - - 14 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 Ileclon- - - - 
 
 - 60 
 
 8 
 
 4 
 
 Salford- - - • 
 
 - - 12 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 Yarmouth - - 
 
 - 54 
 
 15 
 
 6 
 
 Oxford - - . 
 
 - - 11 
 
 7 
 
 0 
 
 Barton ~ _ _ 
 
 - 33 
 
 11 
 
 9 
 
 Ipswich- - - 
 
 - - 7 
 
 11 
 
 7 
 
 Dover _ _ _ 
 
 - 32 
 
 6 
 
 1 
 
 Norwich - - 
 
 - - 6 
 
 11 
 
 11 
 
 Cbicliester - - 
 
 - 23 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 Dartmouth - • 
 
 - - 0 
 
 11 
 
 0 
 
 Scarborough - 
 
 - 20 
 
 0 
 
 4^ 
 
 Whitby - - . 
 
 - - 0 
 
 4 
 
 0* 
 
 Sborehaui - - - 
 
 - 20 
 
 4 
 
 9 
 
 
 
 
 
 Comparing the present value of money with the above 
 amounts, the dues at the port of Hedon received during the 
 period above mentioned would not be less than Jgl,000. 
 
 Many circumstances have contributed to diminish its 
 importance. First, in the middle of the fourteenth century, 
 (in the years 1348-9) a terrible visitation, known as the "Black 
 Death," devastated Europe. In England about one half of 
 the entire population was swept away. Among the clergy, 
 the mortality was equally heavy. In the East Eiding, 
 out of ninety-five priests, only thirty-five survived. It is 
 computed that two-thirds of the clergy were carried off by this 
 fearful sickness. Hedon would no doubt fare like other places. 
 This dreadful calamity will account for a large decrease in the 
 population, and will account also for the extraordinary number 
 of human bones found from time to time in the neighbourhood of 
 
 * The Trade and Commerce of Hull and its Ships and Ship Owners. 
 
6 The History of Hedon. 
 
 the church and the Market HilL Then, m the year 1666, a great 
 fire in the town, when many houses were destroyed which were 
 never rehuiU, tended in a great degree to hmit its extent and 
 reduce the population. Then came the Parhamentary 
 Eeform Act of 1832, which deprived the Burgesses of the right 
 of returning members to Parhament, and denuded the town of 
 all the privileges and advantages of a Parliamentary Borough. 
 Hence the Freemen, who had hitherto found it to their interest 
 to be located in the town for the exercise of these privileges, 
 finding their occupation gone, migrated to -other places. 
 Again, the making of the turnpike road to Hull, in 1833, and the 
 opening of the Hull and Withernsea Eailway, in 1854, each by 
 affording greater facilities of access to the neighbouring town of 
 Hull, greatly militated against the importance of Hedon as an 
 isolated market town, and have had the efiect of causing in a 
 great measure the trade of the place to be transferred to Hull. 
 Whilst the Cattle Plague in 1866, which practically closed the 
 annual fairs and fortnightly cattle markets, destroyed the only 
 remaining vestige of a market town. The words of the quaint 
 old historian, John Leland, to whom allusion has before been 
 made, written more than three centuries ago, will apply not only 
 to Hedon, but to many other places familiar to us all. 
 
 " It has not the least shew of the grandeur it pretends to have had, which 
 may teach us that the condition of Towns and Cities is every jot as unstable 
 as the state and happiness of man ! " 
 
 Notwithstanding its vicissitudes, its diminished importance, 
 and its irreparable decay, there are yet to be found some who still 
 
The History of Hedon. 
 
 7 
 
 retain an attachment to the old place, and who still delight to 
 dwell on the old associations connected with its history. 
 
 " You may break, you may ruin the vase as you will, 
 The scent of the roses will cling to it still." 
 
 Although Hedon is perhaps one of the smallest Municipal 
 Boroughs in the Kingdom, a town which is neither prominent in 
 general, nor conspicuous in local history, and a place unknown 
 for political or social achievements ; yet it possesses, in common 
 with all old places, records and evidences from which may be 
 gathered in some degree a glimpse of the habits and customs of 
 our forefathers. 
 
 A visit to an old house, though neither large nor pretentious, 
 with its quaint contrivances and numerous offices, gives us a dim 
 insight into, and enables us to form some slight idea of, the style 
 in which substantial Burghers and Merchants of early days lived 
 and flourished. The old thatched cottage with its mud w^alls, 
 scant conveniences, and unsanitary arrangements, shews us how 
 the peasantry lived in former times. Although the Board School 
 has taken the place of the once familiar Parish School, memories 
 of the past recall to our minds that venerable old building. We 
 cannot fail to picture that all important personage, the parish 
 school-master, a pompous old pedagogue in his quaint dress and 
 time-worn wig, who, in addition to his daily occupation of forcing 
 learning into the rising generation by the combined aid of ruler, 
 rod, and foolscap, not unfrequently held the important office of 
 parish clerk: an oracle consulted on all perplexing questions, 
 
8 The History of Hedon, 
 
 whether political or parochial ; in short, an institution next in 
 authority to the Mayor, and in importance to the Parson. 
 
 " And still they gazed, and still the wonder grew, 
 That one small head could carry all he knew." * 
 
 Again, a visit to the Town Hall also recalls memories of the 
 past, and cannot fail to remind us of the stirring events that have 
 not unfrequently happened within that building, especially during 
 the exciting times of a Parliamentary election. We can easily 
 realize a Pulteney chaiming the assembled Burgesses with his 
 eloquent harangues. We can draw an imaginary picture of Lord 
 Anson, the circumnavigator of the world, wooing and winning 
 from the Burgesses of Hedon his first seat in the House of 
 Commons. We may also call to mind a Guy, the Lord High 
 Treasurer of England, the friend and favourite of King Charles 
 11. , lavishly expending both eloquence and money in influencing 
 the political opinions, or, perhaps more strictly speaking, which 
 was of more importance to him, the votes of the freemen of the 
 Borough. 
 
 But in no place do the memories of the past so vividly 
 present themselves, and awaken our interest, as when we 
 enter the old parish church, that venerable fabric so long ago 
 consecrated to the worship of the Almighty ; the place where 
 our forefathers, generation after generation, trod the same aisles, 
 worshipped in the same seats, listened to weekly admonitions from 
 the same pulpit ; were baptised in the same font, knelt before the 
 same altar, and were buried in the same old churchyard. The old 
 
 * Goldsmith. 
 
The History of Hedon. 9 
 
 parish church forms the strongest Hnk which binds the present 
 with the past ; its associations can never fail to excite our 
 warmest patriotism, as we contemplate the venerable pile, re- 
 calling, as it must, memories of the past, sometimes pleasing, 
 sometimes sad. We cannot fail to be struck with admiration at 
 the liberality displayed and freely evinced by our ancestors, in 
 rearing so magnificent a building ; and at the same time we can- 
 not fail to deplore the puritanical fanaticism of a later age, when 
 men, actuated by blind prejudice and gross ignorance, imagined 
 they were doing God service by mutilating and destroying the 
 beauty of those temples which, at so great a cost of time and 
 money, the piety of our ancestors had reared to His glory and 
 service. 
 
 The civil fury of the time 
 Made sport of sacrilegious crime, 
 When dark fanaticism rent 
 Altar, screen and ornament." * 
 
 It is a fact much to be regretted that a valuable collection 
 of documents relating to Hedon has been, in some cases, probably 
 accidentally, and in others wantonly, destroyed. The Eev. 
 William Dade, in his collection of Documents relating to Holder- 
 ness, and Mr. Poulson, in his History of the Seigniory, both 
 lament the destruction of these valuable documents. To quote 
 the remarks of the latter gentleman : "A long chasm follows in 
 the historical and statistical account of the Borough, and is 
 accounted for by a great fire having occurred in the town, or as 
 
 • Sir Walter Scott. 
 
10 
 
 The History of Heclon. 
 
 it is said by the demolition of St. James' Church or Chapel ; 
 perhaps it may be partly attributable to both, but from whatever 
 cause it arose, the records and papers of the Borough were 
 removed to a room over the vestry of St. Augustine's, where the 
 roof was in such a state as to allow the rain to enter, by which 
 many were destroyed. Charters, Deeds, Eent-rolls, Court-rolls, 
 Inquisitions, Writs of Citations, Kecords of the Borough Court, 
 Accounts of Proctors of Chantries, and of Masters of 
 Hospitals and of Wardens of Churches and Chapels, as well as 
 lists of Mayors and Bailiffs of the olden time ; open to the winds 
 of heaven, these documents which lay in heaps, were from apathy 
 and neglect, allowed to moulder and rot. In addition to these 
 devastating effects, large quantities were used for lighting the 
 vestry fires, and others taken by any persons whose inclination 
 or curiosity induced them, to fill their pockets ; what is yet left 
 is a mass of dirty and useless rubbish." This (continued Mr. 
 Poulson) "is not only to be lamented as it regards the antiquities 
 of Hedon, but from fragments met with, it appears to have con- 
 tained important information relative to an extensive surrounding 
 
 district. 
 
 * Htstory of Holderness, Vol. ii., p. 138. 
 
" A dusty heap 
 Of ancient Charters, books of evidence 
 Old blazon'd Pedigrees and antique Rolls." 
 
 — Surtees. 
 
 T^HE Popular and generally received tradition of the 
 ^ early history of Hedon, is, that it first obtained distinction 
 in the reign of King Athelstan, who, it is said, visited the town 
 on his return from Scotland, whither he had gone to punish 
 Constantine, King of that country, for his treacherous conduct in 
 the matter of Godefrid, by an invasion of his kingdom. The 
 popular tradition is, that whilst proceeding on this expedition, the 
 King determined to evoke the aid of that good old bishop. Saint 
 John of Beverley, through whose intercessions many remarkable 
 miracles had been performed. For this purpose the King pro- 
 ceeded to Beverley, to visit the sepulchre of the bishop. On his 
 route to Beverley, it is alleged that the King received substantial 
 aid from the people of Hedon. The intercessions of Saint John 
 proved to be of the greatest service to the King, for, encouraged 
 by a revelation from the saint, Athelstan crossed the river Humber 
 with his troops, and vanquished the enemy. King Athelstan, 
 
12 The History of Hedon. 
 
 grateful for his success, conferred many important privileges and 
 possessions on the church of St. John at Beverley. On this 
 occasion tradition has it that King Athelstan paid a visit to the 
 town of Hedon, and, in return for the aid that he had received 
 from the inhabitants, granted to it a Boyal Charter in the 
 following few, but comprehensive words : 
 
 " Als free make I thee 
 As hert may think or eigli see." 
 
 In the poetical version of King Athelstan's original Charter 
 to Beverley, granted at the same time (about 937-8), a similar 
 couplet occurs : 
 
 Swa mikel freedom give i ye 
 Swa hert may think or egh see."* 
 
 Hedon, at the time of the Norman Conquest, was granted, 
 with the Seigniory of Holderness to Drogo de Brevere, and was 
 held by him as Lord Paramount of the Seigniory as part of 
 his fee, as will be found from the early Charters of the Borough, 
 the privileges being always conferred on the over lord. Drogo 
 de Brevere was a Flemish nobleman who came over to England, 
 with William, Duke of Normandy, as an adventurer in the Nor- 
 man expedition. t Earl Drogo, notwithstanding his being de- 
 signated by Mr. Poulson as an adventurer, was, in all pro- 
 bability, a person of some importance in his own country ; 
 otherwise the King would not have bestowed upon him his niece, 
 the lady Albina, in marriage, and given to him, by way of 
 
 * Poulson's Beverlacy p. 39. 
 
 t Poulson's Hist, of Holde?ness. Vol. 1., p. 15. 
 
Mimicipal History. 13 
 
 dowry with her, the Seigniory of Holdern^ss. " Miles quidam 
 valde probus et in arinis probatus qui cum ipso in Angham 
 venerat Drugo de la Bouerer Flandrensis."* 
 
 The earliest Charter, of which there is any authentic record, 
 is that granted by King Henry II. to William, Earl of Albemarle, 
 the then Lord of the Seigniory of Holderness, of " free burgage 
 in Heddune to him and his heirs in fee heredity so that his 
 burgesses of Heddun may hold freely and quietly in free burgage 
 as my Burgesses of York and Nichol," (Lincoln) " better and 
 more freely and more quietly hold their customs and liberties. "t 
 Burgage tenure implied a fixed rent in lieu of all services, and 
 the right to devise one's own lands and tenements. J 
 
 It will thus be seen that free burgage was not by this Charter 
 granted to the inhabitants of Hedon, but to William de Fortibus, 
 the 0 v^er lord. 
 
 The next Charter was granted by King John in the 
 second year of his reign, A.D. 1200, to Baldwin, Earl of 
 Albemarle, and the Countess Hawis, his wife (Baldwin at this 
 time being Lord of the Seigniory of Holderness in right of his 
 wife) which confirms the above charter of Henry 11. The 
 following is a translation of this Charter : 
 
 ''John by the Grace of God, etc., Know ye that we have granted to 
 Baldwine, Earl of Albemarle and Countess Hawis, his wife, free burgage in 
 
 * Monasticon Aiiglicanum. 
 
 t The right to hold lands and tenements by burgage tenure, that is by the service of 
 burgage or as burgeses. {"Journal of the Archaologkal Society, xxvii. p. 741.) 
 X Merewether and Stephens, Btst. oj Borotighs. Vol. i., p. 701. 
 
Tlie History of Hedon. 
 
 Heddune to them and their heirs in fee and inheritance, so that their 
 Burgesses of Heddune may hold freely and quietly in free burgage as our 
 Burgesses of York or Nichol, better and more freely and quietly hold such 
 customs and liberties as King Henry our Father to William, Earl of Albe- 
 marle by his reasonable Charter granted. Witnesses. William Earl of 
 Salisbury, Hugh de Neville, W. de Vernon Earl of Devon, Wm. de Lanvalay. 
 Given b}^ the hand of Symon Archdeacon of Wells at Coneford the 13th day 
 of December in the second year of our reign." 
 
 This Charter of confirmation was not granted gratuitously, 
 
 for Baldwin de Betun required the Burgesses of Hedon to pay to 
 
 the King seventy marks for the same.* The newly made 
 
 Burgesses of Hedon, although left much to the mercy of their 
 
 over lord, would doubtless be relieved by these charters from 
 
 many galling services. t 
 
 In 32 Henry III, a Charter of free warren is granted by the 
 Crown : 
 
 " The King to the Arclibishops, etc., Greeting. Know ye that we have 
 granted and by our Charter confirmed to our beloved and faithful Simon 
 de Hedon, that he and his heirs may for ever have free warren in all 
 his divers lands in his Manor of Hedon, so that no person shall enter or chase 
 in them what belongs to free warren without permission and license of the 
 said Simon de Hedon, under forfeiture to us of ten pounds. "J 
 
 By a Charter dated 56 Henry III., 1272, the King granted to 
 Edmund, Earl of Lancaster, who, in right of Aveline, his wife, was 
 Lord of the Seigniory of Holderness and their heirs for ever, a fair 
 at their Manor at Hedon every year for eight days' duration, viz., 
 in the eve of the day and in the morning of St. Augustine, Bishop, 
 and for five days following. § Merewether and Stephens give an 
 
 * Voul^oxi'^ Hisio?y of IJolde7iuss,ii..>li)b. f 3id. 10&. 
 
 X Merewether and Stephens' History of Boroughs^ 652. Gross^ Gild Merchant 1., 12 note. 
 § 28th August. 
 
Municipal History. 17 
 
 abstract of a Eoyal Charter of 1272, similar to that of Edward 
 III., but no trace of it can be found in the Eecord Office.* 
 
 On 30th November, 9 Edward I., 1281, the King issued a 
 precept to his beloved and faithful Thomas de Normanville, his 
 steward, stating that the men of Hedon had lately besought him 
 that he would demise to them that town. The King was willing 
 to be certified concerning the state and value of the issues of 
 the same town, and of the means and faculty of the men 
 aforesaid, and whether it would be to the King's advantage, or 
 loss, if he granted the same to them at farm. The King directed 
 his Steward by the oath of good and lawful men of his Baliwick 
 diligently to enquire how much the town is worth yearly in all 
 issues, and whether the men of the town are poor or rich, and 
 whether it would be to the King's advantage or injury if he 
 granted the same to them at farm or not. 
 
 In obedience to this precept, an Inquisition was held 
 before Thomas de Norman ville. The jury assigned to the inquest 
 were : Sir John de Carlton, William de Eaulconberg, John 
 Passmer, Henry de Preston, Knts., John de Drynghow, John de 
 Camerynton, Alexander de Holme, William de Grymeston, 
 Symond de Lund, William de Hot on, Henry de Wyveton 
 and William de Holm, who certified upon their oaths, that if 
 things remained as they then were, the town was worth c£40 per 
 annum, the underneath repayments deducted, viz., to each 
 Bailiff 20s. per annum ; two sub-bailiffs with a clerk, 20s. per 
 
 * Gross' Gild Merchant, i, 12, note. 
 
IS The History of Hedon, 
 
 annum ; in supporting two bridges, a windmill, a hall and a gaol 
 20s. per annum, if the town should be in the hands of the King. 
 They said also upon their oaths, that the men of the town were 
 reduced and poor ; and as to whether it would be to the advan- 
 tage or injury of the King if the town be let at fee farm, they 
 believed that, if let at fee farm for a space of time, it might be 
 better for him ; and if not let to them in fee farm for a time 
 they believed it would be injurious, because many would remove 
 themselves from a town in which they were talliaged every year. 
 That there were near the town (Hedon) two towns, viz., Kaven- 
 sea, and le Hull, with good ports, increasing from day to day, 
 and there they might dwell without being talliaged. 
 
 The next Charter, the great governing Charter of Hedon, 
 ^' Magna Chart a libertatis villse," was that granted by King 
 Edward III., in the twenty-second year of his reign A.D. 1348, 
 the King being then himself Lord of the Seigniory of Holderness, 
 whereby many privileges and liberties were granted. Previous 
 to the granting of this Charter an Inquisition was taken at 
 Hedon, on Thursday next after the feast of Saint Gregory the 
 Pope in the year of the reign of King Edward III., from the 
 Conquest (that is to say) of England, the twenty-second, and of 
 France the ninth, before Nicholas Gower, Escheator of the Lord 
 the King within the liberty of Holdernesse, by the oath of 
 Edmund Wasteneys, John de Saint Martin, John do Yeer, 
 Eobert Ingram, John del Gouxhull of Brustwyk, William de 
 Saint Quintin, John de Sprotle, — Wyveton, John de Grymeston. 
 
Municipal History. 19 
 
 John de Cameryngton, Thomas de Preston and Eobert Ernys, 
 Jurors, who say upon their oath, that, it is not to the damage or 
 prejudice of the Lord the King, or others, nor to the diminution 
 of his farm of the liberty aforesaid of Holdernesse, if the same 
 Lord the King grant to his Burgesses of the town of Hedon, in 
 this the Hberty aforesaid, that they may have to them and their 
 successors the town aforesaid, with the liberties, rights, wastes, 
 void places, and all other things to the same town howsoever 
 belonging or appertaining to the Lord the King and his heirs 
 as fee farm for ever, rendering therefor to the Lord the King 
 by the year, at his manor of Brustwyk, thirty pounds at the feasts 
 of Easter, the Nativity of St. John the Baptist, St. Michael, and 
 the Lord's Nativity by equal portions, saving always to the Lord 
 the King a prison there, etc. That the Stewards and Bailiffs of 
 the Manor of Brustwyk shall hold in the HalL of Pleas the 
 Wapentake Court of Holdernesse, and that the same Burgesses 
 and their heirs and successors shall have a commonalty among 
 themselves who shall be able yearly to elect and create a Mayor 
 Bailiffs, and other suitable ministers, etc. And moreover, that 
 for the quiet and tranquility, as well of the men of the town 
 aforesaid, as of merchants, there shall be a certain Seal to be 
 ordained by the Lord the King of two pieces for taking recog- 
 nizances of debts. That none of the Burgesses shall be im- 
 pleaded outside the town. That the same Burgesses shall have 
 these liberties of infangthef and outfangthef. That the Burgesses 
 and their heirs and successors henceforth for ever shall be able 
 freely to bequeath their land to whomsoever they shall please as 
 
20 The History of Hedon. 
 
 their chattels. That they and their successors shall be free of 
 toll, etc. That the Burgesses and their heirs and successors 
 shall not be placed on any assize juries or inquisitions outside 
 the town. That the inhabitants and merchants shall be in gild 
 lot and scot with the Burgesses. That the burgesses shall have 
 the assize of bread and ale, and assay of measures and weights. 
 That the Mayor and Bailiffs for the time being shall have the 
 return of all writs, etc. That the burgesses and their heirs and 
 successors shall be able to prosecute for claiming and having all 
 the aforesaid liberties to the midstream of the Humber, so as not 
 to intermeddle with the town of Paghilflete. And that they may 
 have the first purchase of all merchandise coming to the port. 
 So that the same burgesses and their heirs and successors shall 
 render to the King and his heirs the said farm of Thirty Pounds 
 and maintain the Hall of pleas, prison and bridges of the town. 
 And they say that it was answered to the King that now is, from 
 the town aforesaid, yearly during all the time of his reign at the 
 most for Twenty-four pounds that is to say from farms, tolls, 
 customs, assize of bread and ale, and other perquisites. And 
 that the burgesses and their predecessors have used and enjoyed 
 all the liberties aforesaid, by pretext of the charters made to them 
 by the progenitors of the King from time whereof memory is not 
 to the contrary, except the elections of Mayor, Bailiffs, and 
 Coroner, judgment of felonies, returns of writs and recognizances of 
 pleas. And they say that all the aforesaid liberties, if they be 
 declared by special and express words, will be worth twenty 
 shillings, by the year to the same burgesses for their quiet and 
 
Municipal History. 21 
 
 tranquility, lest they or their heirs or successors should henceforth 
 be disquieted touching the liberties and customs aforesaid by 
 pretext of the ambiguities of general words. In witness whereof 
 to this inquisition the said Jurors affixed their seals. 
 
 The following is a copy of this Charter, extracted from 
 the Eecords in the custody of the Master of the Eolls, pursuant 
 to Statute 1 and 2 Vict., Cap. 94, and preserved in H. Majesty's 
 General Eecord Office, London, to wit Charter Koll, 22 Edward 
 III., pars unica. No. 24. 
 
 " Edwardus dei gra' Kex angl' et ffranc' D'n's Hib'n' Archiepis' Epis' 
 Abb'ib' Priorib' Baronib' Justic' Yicecomitib' prepositis Ballivis ministris et 
 om'ib' fidelib' suis Sal't'm. Sciatis q'd cum p' cartas p'genitor' n'ror' 
 quondam Regum Angl' quas p' cartam n'ram confirmavim' Burgensib' ville 
 n're de Hedon infra libertatem de Holdernesse sit concessum q'd ip'i et eor' 
 successores h'eant om'es libertates custumas et quietancias quas Gives civita- 
 tum Ebor' et Lincoln' h'ent p'ut in d'ca carta nr'a confirmac'o'is plenius 
 continet'. Ac jam p'fati Burgenses n'ri dicte Ville de Hedon nob' suppli- 
 cav'int q'd licet ip'i et eor' antece.ssores et p'decessores Burgenses Ville illias 
 nonnullis lib'tatib' custumis et quietanciis in cartis p'genitor' n'ror p'd'ictor 
 d'ct'is civibus Ebor' et Lincoln' f 'cis plenius expressatis p'ut iidem Gives lib'ta 
 tib' custumis et quietanciis illis usi sunt etgavisi a tempore concessionis etcon- 
 firmacois p'dictor' p'd'cis Burgensib' de Hedon ut p'tangit' confectar' semp 
 hactenus virtute dictor' verbor' generaliu' uti consuev'nt et gaudere ; dicti 
 tamen nunc Burgenses de Hedon quominus ip'i lib'tatib' custumis et 
 quietanciis p'd'cis uti possint ut solebant in div'sis locis tam p' ministros 
 n'ros q'm alios impediti existunt et occasionati metuantq p'textu gen'alitatis 
 dictor' verbor' se sup dictis libertatib's et quietanciis posse decet'o inquietari 
 frequentius et gravari. Velim' d'cas lib'tates custumas quietancias p' p'dicos 
 p'genitores nr'os etnos sub genalitate verbor' sic concessas pro eor' indempnitate 
 temporib' futurisp' utin cartis dictor' Giviu' exprimunt' etspecificantu' specificare 
 et plenius declarare. Nos ad d'ca verba gen'alia in d'cis cartis ip'or' p'genitor' n'ror 
 contentaetip'or'o verbor' intenc'o'em' necnon ad confirmaco'em' etconcessionem 
 n'ras p'd'cas d'cis r>urgensib' n'ris de Hedon sup'p'missis ut p' mittit' f'c'as con- 
 
22 
 
 The History of He don. 
 
 siderac'em habentes ac volentes consideracione p'missor' et p'eoq'd p'd'ci Bur- 
 genses n'ri de Hedon quanda' annuam su'mam ultra firmam de qua nobis de 
 eadem Villa hactenus responsum fuit nob' solvent in futuru'necnonob meliorac- 
 o'em ejusdem Ville quam cam'e n're reservavim' Volentes dictas libertates 
 custumas et quietancias et ear' singulas specificare et expressare ac evidencius 
 declarare concessim' p' nob' et heredib' n'ris et hac carta n'ra confirmavim' 
 eisdem Burgensib' de Hedon q'd ip'i et eor' heredes et successores villam 
 p'dcam cum p'tin' una cum lib'tatib' jurib' vastis placeis vacuis et omnib' aliis 
 ad villam illam qualit'cunq' spectantib'sive p'tinentib' h'eant etteneant sibi et 
 successorib' suisde nob' et heredib' n'ris ad feodi firmam imp'ptu' Reddendo inde 
 nob' p' annu' ad man'iu' n'r'm de Brustwyk viginti et quatuor libras de quib' 
 nob' p' ip'os Burgenses hactenus p' annu' responsum fuit et ultra hoc sex 
 libras annuas de increment' ad festa Pasche Nativitatis s'c'i Joli'is Bapt'e s'c'i 
 Mich'is et Natalis d'ni p' equales porc'o'es Salvis semp' nob' et heredib' n'ris 
 prisona ibidem de om'ib' prisonis quos ext' Villam p'd'cam infra d'cam lib'- 
 tatemde Holdernesse ind'ctari et capi contig'it et om'ib' aliis p'ficuis de eadem 
 prisona p'venientib' ac om'ib' novis redditib' p' natives n'ros in eadem villa 
 hactenus adquisitis et ibidem impost'ura adqnirendis et q'd Senescalli et Ballivi 
 n'ri et heredum n'ror' de p'd'co man'io de Brustwyk in aula p'litor' dicte Ville 
 de Hedon' tenere possint Wapentacliium de Holdernesse et aliap'lita forinseca 
 tam de feloniis q'm de aliis contractib' et t'nsgressioiiib' forinsecis extra 
 eandem villam infra d'cam lib'tatem de Holdernesse emergentib' quandocuuq' 
 eisdem Ministris n'ris videbit' expedire. Concessim' insup' p' nob' et heredib' 
 n'ris q'd p'd'c'i Burgenses et eor* heredes et successores d'cam aulam cum 
 prisona in manib' suis p'priis semp' teneant et sustentent sumptib' suis p'priis 
 ac etiam q'd iidem Burgenses et eor' heredes et successores co'itatem int' se 
 h'eant et Majorem et Ballivos Coronatorem ac alios Ministros idoneos de se 
 ip'is elig'e et creare possint annuatim qui p'stitis sacr'is p'ut moris est 
 extunc ea faciant et conservent que ad ofificia Majoris Ballivor' Ooronatoris et 
 Ministror'hujusmodip'tinent in eadem villa faciendaetexe'cenda et etiam q'd p' 
 quiete et t'nquillitate tam ho'i'm ville p'd'ce q'm Mercator' et alior' ad eandem 
 villam confluenciu' quoddam sigillum in eadem villa h'eat' p' nos' ordinand' de 
 duab' peciis ut est consuetu' p' recognic'o'ib' debitor' ibidem juxta foi mam 
 statutor' p' Mercatorib editor' accipiend' et q'd major pais sigilli illius reuia- 
 neat in custodia p'dc'i Majoris qui p' tempore fu'it et minor pars ejusdem 
 sigilli in custodia cujusdam C'lici p' nos et heredes n'ros ibidem juxta formam 
 statutor' p'd'cor' deputand' et q'd iidem Major et Clicus recognic'o'es debitor' 
 recipiant juxta formam statutor' eor'dera et recognico'es ille' execuco'i debite 
 
Municipal History. 
 
 2S 
 
 demandent' et eciam q'd nuUus Burgensium ville p'd'c'e imp'litet aut imp'li- 
 tet' ext'avillam p'd'c'am de t'ris aut ten' que tenent infra eandem villain nec de 
 aliqua t'nsgressione in eadem f'c'a nisi coram Majore et Ballivis ejusdem ville 
 et q'd iidem Burgenses h'eant infra lib'tatem ejusdem ville Inf angthef et Outf ang- 
 thef et q'd ip'i heredes et successores sui imp'p'm p' unu' vel duos I'ras patentes 
 Co'itatis sui sup' hoc deferentes tam coram nob' q'm Justic' n'ris de Banco 
 et quibuscunq' aliis Justic' Ballivis seu ministris n'ris et heredum n'ror Cur' 
 et lib'tates suas exig'e possint et earn h'ere de om'ib' p'sonis reb' et querelis 
 que ad ip'os et Curt' suam p' p'sentes p'tinent et q'd p'd'c'i Burgenses et 
 eor' heredes et successores decet'o imp'p'm libere possint om'ia t'ras redditus 
 et ten' sua que h'ent et sunt h'ituri in eadem villain testamento suo cuicumq' 
 volu'int tanq'm catalla sua legare et q'd ip'i heredes et successores sui imp'- 
 p'm sint quieti de theolonio muragio pontagio panagio stallagio warvagio 
 t'ragio piccagio cariagio seiagio lastagio cayagio passagio et om'ib' aliis 
 p'stac'o'ib' p' totum regnu' n'r'm Angl' et alibi ubicunq' infra potestatem 
 n'r'am et q'd iidem Burgenses et eor' heredes et successores r'one t'rar' et ten' 
 in p'd'c'a villa existencium vel alicujus t'nsgressionis in eadem villa facte 
 non ponant' inassisis Juratis aut inquisic'o'ib' aliquib' ext'a p'd'c'am villain 
 capiend' et q'd om'es in p'd'c'a villa h'itantes et h'itaturi m'candisas ibidem 
 ex'centes et lib'tatib' p'd'c'cs gaudere volentes sint in gilda lotto et scotto 
 cum Burgeiisib' p'd'cis in tallagiis contribuc'o'ib' et aliis on'ib' et co'ib' 
 totam Co'itatem ville p'd'c'e contingentib' et q'd d'c'i Burgenses et eor' 
 heredes et successores non convincant' p' aliquos forinsecos sup' aliquib' 
 appellis rectis injuriis t'nsgressionib' criminib' calumpniis et demandis eis 
 impositis aut imponendis in d'c'a villa p'petratis aut p'petrand' set solomodo 
 p' Comburgenses suos nisi Co'itas d'c'e ville fu'it in culpa de aliquo p'missor' 
 vel res ip'a totam Co'itatem aut nos et heredes n'ros tangat et q'd iidem 
 Burgenses heredes et successores sui namia capiant p' debitis suis infra lib'ta- 
 tem ville p'd'c'e et q'd h'eant gildam suam m'catoriam et hansas suas in villa 
 p'd'c'a et q'd p'd'c'i Burgenses et eor' heredes et successores p' totum regnu' 
 n'rm Angl' et potestatem n'rm hanc h'eant lib'tatem videl't q'd ip'i vel eor' 
 bona quocunq' loco in p'd'c'o regno et potestate inventa nonarestent' p' aliquo 
 debito de quo fidejussores aut princi pales debitores non extit'int et q'd ij/i 
 Burgenses et eor' heredes et successores decet'o imp'p'm h'eant tam in 
 p'sencia n'ra et heredum n'ror' q'm extra assisam panis et ivisie custodiam et 
 assaiam mensurar' et ponder' ac alia quecunq' ad officiu' m'cati p'tinencia in 
 p'd'c'a villa et t'nsgressores p'd'c'e assise panis et ivisie et defectus mensurar' 
 ponde'r' ac alior' ad d'cm officiu' m'cati p'tinenciu' modo debito puuiant cor- 
 
Tlie History of Hedon. 
 
 rigant et emendant. Ita q'd cl'icus de m'cato sen alius minist' n'r vel here- 
 dum n'ror' d'cam villain non ingrediant' ad aliqua que ad officium d'ci m'cati 
 p'tinent in eadein faciend' vel exequend' et q'd p'd'ci Major et Ballivi ville 
 p'd'c'e qui p' tempore fu'int h'eant returnu' o'i'm breviu' n'ror' et execuc'o'es 
 eor'dem ac sumoniconu' de Sc'c'io ac cognic'o'es o'im p'litor' de i.'ris 
 redditib' ten' convenc'oib' t'nsgressionib' et contractib' quibusounq' infra 
 p'd'c'am villam qualit'cunq' em'gentib' tarn in p'sencia n'ra et heredum 
 n'ror' q'm absencia sine occ'one vel impedimento n'ri vel heredum n'ror' 
 Senescallor' Marescallor' ac alior' Ministror' n'ror' quor'cu'q'. Ita q'd iidem 
 Senescalli et Marescalli de congic'oib' pre'dic'is de hujusmod i t'nsgressionib' 
 convenc'o'ib' aut contractib' infra villam p'd'c'am em'gentib' se nullatenus 
 intromittant nisi dumtaxat de t'nsgressionib' convenc'o'ib' et contractib' in 
 hospicio n'ro et heredum n'ror' et int' illos qui sunt de eodem hospicio f.cis et 
 q'd iidem Burgenses et eor' heredes et successores p' om'ib' p'd'cis lib'tatib' cal- 
 umpniand' et h'end' p'sequi valeant p' mediu' portum ibidem usq' medium fili 
 aque de Humbre. Ita tamen q'd de villa de Paghelflete nec aliqua re infia 
 d'c'am villam de Paghelflete em'gente sea de ho'ib' ejusdem in portu de 
 Paghelflete se in aliquo nullatenus intromittant et q'd h'eant piiloriu' tnin- 
 brelliim et thewe in eadem villa de Hedon' et q'd h'eant pi imam emp'n'm' 
 oi'm' m'candisar' infra aquam portus ville p'd'c'e venienciu' quibuscuuKj' 
 ministris n'ris dumtaxat exceptis. Ita semp' q'd iidem Burgenses et eor' 
 heredes et successores reddant nob' et heredib' n'ris d'cam annuam firmaui 
 triginta librar' ad t'minos p'd'c'os ad man'iu' p'd'c'm et manuteneant et sus- 
 tentent sumptib' suis p'priis d'cam aulam p'litor' et prisonam ac om'es pontes 
 ad d'c'am villam de Hedon' p'tinentes quos nos reparare solebam' et emen- 
 dare p'visiim Senescalli de Holdernesse qui p' tempore fa'it vel ip'ius locum- 
 tenentis imp'p'm. Quare volum' et firmit' p'cipim' p' nob' et heredib' n'ris 
 q'd p'd'c'i Burgenses de Hedon' et eor' heredes et successores om'es lib'tates et 
 quietancias p'd'c'as imp'p'm h'eant et teneant et eis gaudeant et utant' sicut 
 p'd'c'm est sine occ'one vel impedimento n'ri vel heredum n'ror Justic'Escaetor' 
 Vice'm aut alior' Ballivor' seu ministror' n'ror' quor'cumq' hiis testib' 
 ven'abilib' p'r'ib' I. Archie'p'o Cantuar' tocius Angl' primate W. W3^nton' 
 Epo' Thes' nro R London' Ep'o Henr' Lancastr' Will'o de Bohun Norht- 
 Ric'o Arundeir Comitib' Mag'ro Joh'e de Offord' Decano Lincoln Can- 
 cellar' n'ro Thoma Wake de Lidel Eico' Talbot Senescallo Hospicii n'ri et 
 aliis. Dat' p' manum n'ram apud West' sextodecimo die April' anno regni 
 n'ri Angl' vicesimo secundo, regni vero ffrancie nono." 
 
Municipal History. 
 
 25 
 
 [Tbanslation.] 
 
 Edward by the Grace of God, King of England and France and 
 Lord of Ireland. To the Archbishops, Bishops, Abbots, Priors, Lieu- 
 tenants, Barons, Justices, Vice-Lieutenants, Chief Ministers, Bailiffs, 
 and to all his faithful Lieges. Greeting. Know ye that whereas by 
 the Charters of our Progenitors formerly Kings of England which 
 by our Charter we have confirmed, it was granted to the Burgesses of 
 our Town of Hedon within the liberty of Holderness that they and 
 their successors should have all the liberties, customs and acquit- 
 tances, which the Citizens of the Cities of York and Lincoln have as in 
 our said Charter of c(mfirmation more fully is contained. And now our aforesaid 
 Burgesses of the said Town of Hedon have besought us that although they 
 and their Ancestors and Predecessors, Burgesses of that town had used and 
 enjoyed some of the liberties, customs, and acquittances more fully expressed in 
 the Charters of our aforesaid Progenitors made to the said Citizens of York and 
 Lincoln, and had used and enjoyed such liberties, customs, and acquit- 
 tances as the same Citizens from the time of the grant and Confirmation 
 formerly made to the aforesaid Burgesses of Hedon and had always hitherto 
 by virtue of the said general words been accustomed to use and enjoy the 
 same, nevertheless now the said burgesses of Hedon are hindered and 
 challenged as well by our Ministers as others so that they cannot use the 
 liberties customs and acquittances aforesaid as they might and were accustomed 
 to do in divers places, and they fear that by pretext of the generality 
 of the said words they may be hereafter frequently disquieted and 
 burdened concerning the said liberties and acquittances. We will that 
 the said liberties, customs, and acquittances so granted by our aforesaid Progeni- 
 tors and us under generality of words shall for their indemnity at all future 
 time be specified and declared to be the same as are expressed and specified in 
 theCiiarters of the said Citizens. And that the said general words contained in 
 the said Charters of our said Progenitors and the intention of the same words 
 may be known in our giant and confirmation made as is premised to our said 
 Burgesses of Hedon upon these premises having had consideration thereon 
 and being willing to have consideration in these premises and also because 
 that our aforesaid Burgesses will in future pay a certain yearly sum beyond tlie 
 farm which they have paid us, also for the improvement of the same Town 
 Willing to specify and express and more clearly declare the said liberties, customs, 
 
26 
 
 TJie History of Hedon. 
 
 acquittances and every of them. We have granted for us and our heirs and' 
 by this our Charter confirmed to the same Burgesses of Hedon that they an^ 
 their heirs and successors shall have and hold the Town aforesaid with the 
 appurtenances together with the liberties rights wastes void places and all other 
 things whatsoever to that Town belonging or appertaining to them and 
 their successors of us and our heirs at fee farm for ever Rendering therefrom 
 to^us yearly at our Manor of Brustwyk Twenty and four Pounds which hitherto 
 hath been yearly accounted for to us by the said Burgesses, and beyond this 
 Six Pounds yearly for increase by equal portions at the feasts of Easter, the 
 nativity of Saint John the Baptist, Saint Michael and the nativity of our 
 Lord, saving always to us and our heirs the Prison there for all prisoners M^ho 
 shall happen to be taken and indicted outside of the Town aforesaid within the 
 said liberty of Holderness, and all other profits arising from the same Prison 
 and all new rents hitherto acquired and hereafter to be acquired from our 
 Bondmen in the sjxme town, and that the Stewards and Bailiffs of us and our 
 lieifs of the aforesaid Manor of Brustwyk shall be able to hold in the Hall of 
 Pleas of the said Town of Hedon the wapentake of Holderness and other 
 foreign pleas as well of Felonies as of other Foreign Contracts and Trespasses 
 arising without the same Town within the said liberty of Holderness 
 whensoever it shall seem fit to our said ministers. Moreover we have granted 
 for us and our heirs that the aforesaid Burgesses and their heirs and 
 successors shall always hold and sustain the said Hall v/itli the Prison 
 in their own hands at their own proper costs. And also that the same 
 Burgesses and their heirs and successors shall have a commonalty amongst 
 themselves and shall be able yearly to elect and create from themselves a 
 Mayor and Bailiffs a Coroner and other fit officers who shall take tlie 
 Oaths as the custom is and from henceforth shall do and maintain those 
 things which belong to such offices of Mayor, Bailiffs, Coroners, and officers- 
 as ought to be done and exercised in the same town. And also that for the 
 quiet and tranquility as well of the men of the Town aforesaid as the mer- 
 chants and others resorting to the same Town thereshall be had acertain Seal in 
 the same Town to be ordered by us of two pieces as is accustomed for the 
 acknowledgment of debts tliere according to the form of the Statutes made 
 for the reception of merchants and that the greater part of such seal shall 
 remain in the custody of the aforesaid Mayor for the time being and the 
 lesser part of the same Seal in the custody of a certain Clerk, to be deputed 
 by us and our heirs there according to the form of the Statutes aforesaid.* 
 
 * These Corporate Seals were formerly made in two parts, the one fitting within the 
 other J thus, the inner part, or block, would comprise the coat of Arms, the other would be 
 
HEDON CORPOllATION SEALS. 
 
Municipal History. 
 
 29 
 
 And that the said Mayor and Clerk shall receive the recognizances of debts 
 according to the form of those Statutes and duly demand execution of such 
 recognizances. And also that no Burgess of the Town aforesaid shall implead 
 or be impleaded out of the Town aforesaid for any lands or tenements which 
 they hold within the same Town nor for any trespass committed in the same 
 town unless before the Mayor and Bailiffs of the same Town. And that the 
 same Burgesses shall have within the liberty of the same Town Infangthef 
 and Outfangthef.* And that they and their heirs and successors for ever by one 
 or two of them bringing the letters patent of their commonalty thereupon 
 produced as well before us as before the Justices of our bench, and whatso- 
 
 the rim containing the legend, into which rim the inner part was made to fit and fasten with 
 a peg, so that no use could be made of the Seal without both parts being present. Hence 
 the Mayor could not affix the official Seal, save in the presence of the Clerk appointed by 
 the Crown ; nor, on the other hand, could the Clerk issue any document under the Corporate 
 Seal without the presence and cognizance of the Mayor. 
 
 The Ship in the large Seal is evidently of Norman construction, and refers to the period 
 when the town Avas incorporated and is some proof that ships of this description frequented 
 the port of Hedon.j ^The Common Seal of Scarborough bears a ship in the same form as the 
 ship in the Seal of Hedon, with the addition of a watch tower and a star, the first Charter to 
 the town of Scarborough, and the first Charter to the town of Hedon were both 
 granted by Henry II., who began his reign in 1154. William-le-Gross, Earl of Albemarle 
 and Holderness, being then Lord of both places. There is no doubt that in the 12th 
 century, if not before, chartered communities had Seals by which to authenticate their 
 proceedings. (Brady, on Boroughs, p. 52) The political institution of separate societies 
 were called ' Universitates ' as forming one whole out of many individuals or colleges from 
 being gathered together. (Blackstone's Commentaties, Vol. i., p. 459.) and this seems to 
 be confirmed by the inscription round the Seal of the Community of Burgesses of Hedon. 
 The small Seal which bears the date 1598, in the reign of Elizabeth is doubtless the renewal 
 of a Seal of a much older date, the words ' H Camera Eegiss ' in the legend indicates that 
 Hedon was a King's port < Kegia Camera,' (Chambers of the King) being used in ancient 
 records of the Havens or Ports of the King. The large Seal was the gift of Christopher 
 Hildyard, Esq. the Recorder of Hedon, in the reign of Charles II., A.D. 1675. 
 
 * Infangthef was the right of trying thieves caught within a privileged district or 
 Manor. (Bracton, ii., 540. Gross's Gild Merchant, ii., 408). The privilege, of Lords of certain 
 Manors to pass judgment of theft committed by their servants within their jurisdiction. 
 (Bailey's Diet.) 
 
 Outfangthef was the right to try thieves coming from other parts, but arrested within a 
 privileged district. Bracton, ii., 540.) A privilege enabling a Lord to bring to trial in his 
 own court any man living in his own fee that is taken for felony in any other place." 
 (Bailey's Diet), 
 
so 
 
 The History of Hedon. 
 
 ever other Justices, Bailiffs or Ministers of ns and our heirs may demand 
 their courts and liberties and shall have the same of all persons, things and 
 plaints which to them and their courts by these presents belong. And that 
 the aforesaid Burgesses and their heirs and successors from henceforth for 
 ever may freely bequeath all their lands, rents, and tenements which they 
 have or thereafter may have in the same town by their will to whomsoever 
 they please as their chattels. a And that they their heirs and successors for 
 ever shall be quit of Toll,Z) Murage,c Pontage,c/ Panage,e Stallage,/ 
 Wharfage, Tenage,^ Piccage,? Carriage, j Seiage,/c Lastage,/ Keyage,w 
 
 a Formerly a man could not devise by will, lands which he had by descent, though he 
 might those which he had by purchase. In certain Borough Towns the inhabitants might 
 devise the house and lands which they they had by descent, but this was a privilege which 
 was claimed by the custom of the of the place. (Jacob's Lazv Diet.) 
 
 b Toll. (Tolnetum, Saxon) The right to hold a market and levy market tolls ; also 
 the right to be quit of toll (Maitland's Manor Courts p. xxiii.; Gross's Gdd Merchofity ii., 420) A 
 payment in towns, markets, and fairs for goods and cattle bought and sold, this was 
 anciently payable to the Lord of the market or town. (Jacob's Law Diet.) 
 
 c Murage. (Muragium) Toll for the maintainence of the town walls. (Gross's Gild 
 Merchant, ii., 412.) 
 
 d Pontage. (Pontagium) A toll for the maintainence of bridges. {Ibid ii., 414.) 
 
 / Panage (Pannagium) The privilege of feeding swine in the woods-, also money 
 paid for this privilege, {ibtd ii., 413.) Also a tax upon cloth. (Bailey's Diet) 
 
 f Stallage. (Stallagium) Money paid for permission to have a stall in a market or 
 fair. (Gross's Gtld Mercha?it, ii., 419.) 
 
 g Wharfage. (Warvagium) A toll or duty for the pitching or lodging of Goods upon 
 a wharf, or for the shipping them off, (Bailey's Diet.) 
 
 h Tenage. (otherwise Groundage) A due for landing goods. A due in respect of 
 the shore or land adjacent to a port. (Stuart Moore on Foreshores, p. 356.) A sum due for 
 the necessary unlading of ships before they come up to the common quay. (Hale de Portibus 
 Maris, Hargrave's Tracts, 74.) 
 
 ; Piccage. (Picage Pictagium) Duty paid by a stranger in markets and fairs to 
 break the ground and erect a stall. (Gross G%ld Merchant, p. 413.) 
 
 j Carriage. (Cariagiuni) Cartage due j impost on transport of goods through a 
 country. 'Jbid 397) 
 
 k Seiage. (Segeagio Navium) Berth dues. Uhd 417). Groundage of « Sitting of 
 Ships,' Ex penes. (Mr. Stuart Moore, F.S.A.; 
 
Municipal History. 
 
 31 
 
 Passage,* and all other payments throughout our whole realm of England 
 and elsewhere wheresoever within our dominion. And that the same 
 Burgesses and their heirs and successors by reason of the lands and tene- 
 ments in the aforesaid Town for any trespass done in the same Town shall 
 not be put on any Assize Jury or Inquests to be taken out of the said Town. 
 And that all persons inhabiting or to inhabit in the said Town exercising 
 merchandize there, and wishing to enjo}' the liberties aforesaid shall be in 
 Guild paying Lott and Scottf with the Burgesses aforesaid in tallages^, con- 
 tributions, and other common charges happening to the whole commonalty 
 of the Town aforesaid. And that the said Burgesses and their heirs and 
 successors shall not be convicted by any foreigners§ upon any appeals, 
 charges, injuries, trespasses, crimes, claims and demands, imposed or to be 
 imposed upon them or perpetrated or to be perpetrated in the said Town but 
 only by their co-Burgesses unless the commonalty of the said Town shall be 
 inculi)ated of any of tlie premises or things touching the whole Commonalty 
 or us or our heirs. And that the same Burgesses their heirs and successors 
 shall take distress for their debts within the liberty of the Town aforesaid. 
 And that they shall have their Merchant's Guild and their Hanse|| in the 
 
 / Lastage. (Lastagium) Port duties of goods unladen. (Hale de Portibus Maris, 75.) 
 A toll or payirent exacted in markets and fairs, perhaps for buying and selling goods by 
 measure. (Gross' Gild Merchant, ii., 409. 
 
 m Keyage (Caiajium) Dues for loading or unloading a ship. {Ibid 408.) 
 
 * Passage. (Passagium) Passage money, levied on merchants visiting markets and 
 
 fairs. Ubjd\V6). 
 
 t That is paying a share in ptcuniary assessments, rates and taxes, customs and im- 
 ports. (Ibid i., 54.) 
 
 X Tallages. Customs or imports. (Bailey's Dut^ 
 
 § That is, an}' Justices or Authorities without the Borough; any person not a burgess 
 or not enjoying the privileges of the Borough. (Gross Gtld Meuhant, ii., 404.) 
 
 II Hanse. (Hans) A Gild or Mercantile Company. (Gross' Gild Aleichunt, ii., 407.) 
 
 The word rarely occurs except in the town charters, and then almost invariably with 
 the Gild Merchant. {Ibid i., 192.) The term Hanse was commonly used to denote a mer- 
 cantile tribute or exaction either as a fee payable upon entering the Gild Merchant or 
 as a toll imposed on non-Gildsnien before th^^y were allowed to trade in the town. Hanse 
 house is regarded by Poulson as a synonym tor Gild. 
 
32 
 
 Tlie History of lied on. 
 
 Town aforesaid. And that the aforesaid Burgesses and their lieirsand successors 
 throughout our whole realm of England and dominion shall have this 
 liberty (to wit) that they or their goods in whatsoever place within our 
 aforesaid realm and dominion found shall not be arrested for any debt 
 for which they are not securities or principal debtors.* And that the said 
 Burgesses their heirs and successors from henceforth for ever shall have as 
 well in the presence of us and our heirs as without, assize of Bread and 
 Beerf the custody and assay of weiglits and measures^ and other things 
 whatsoever belonging to the Office of Market in the aforesaid Town 
 and shall in due manner punish, correct, and amend breakers of the 
 aforesaid Assize of Bread and Beer and defects of measures, weights, and 
 all other things belonging to the said Office of Market so that the Clerk 
 of the Market or other officer of us or our heirs shall not enter the said 
 Town to do or execute anything which belongs to the Office of the said 
 Market within the same. And that the aforesaid Mayor and Bailiffs of 
 the Town aforesaid for the time being shall have the return of all our 
 writs and the execution thereof and summonses of the Exchequer and 
 cognizances of all Pleas of lands, rents, tenements, trespasses, and contracts 
 howsoever arising within the aforesaid Town as well in the presence 
 as in the absence of us and our heirs without let or impediment of us or 
 our heirs or the Stewards, Marshalls, or other officers of us or our heirs 
 whomsoever so that the same Stewards and Marshalls shall in no wise 
 intermeddle concerning the cognizance of Pleas of such trespasses, 
 contracts, or covenants, arising within the Town aforesaid unless only 
 the trespasses, covenants, and contracts to be made in the household of us 
 and our lieirs and between those who are of the same household. And 
 that the aforesaid Burgesses, their heirs and successors shall and may be 
 able to have prosecute and claim all the aforesaid liberties through the 
 
 * Previously to obtaining this Charter, a Burgess of Hedon miglit be arrested in 
 any other town for the debts of a third person, if the creditor of that person could, 
 prove that his debtor Avas solvent. And the prisoner was left to his remedy against 
 his townsman in the best manner he was able. (Poulson's H-Jderness, ii., p. 113.) 
 
 t The Statute of Bread and Ale, (51 Henry III.,) is termed the assize of Bread and 
 Ale, and thtse are so called because they set down and appoint a certain Measure 
 or Order in the things they contain. (Jacob's La-iu Diet.) 
 
 X The examination of weights and measures by Clerks of Markets. 
 
Municipal History. 
 
 33 
 
 middle of the Port there unto midstream of the water of Humberso never- 
 theless that they shall in nowise intermeddle with the town of Paghel-flete nor 
 with anything arising within the said town of Paghel-flete or of the men 
 thereof in the port of Paghel-flete. And that they shall have Pillory* 
 Tumbrellf and Thewij: in the same Town of Hedon. And that they shall 
 have the pre-emption of all Merchandise coming within the water of the 
 port of the Town aforesaid all our Ministers whomsoever only excepted. 
 So nevertheless that the same Burgesses their heirs and successors do 
 render to us and our heirs the said yearly farm of Thirty Pounds at the 
 terms aforesaid at the Manor aforesaid and shall maintain and sustain 
 at their own proper cost the said Hall of Pleas and the Prison and all 
 the Bridges belonging to the said Town of Hedon which we were accus- 
 tomed to repair and amend by view of the Steward of Holderness for 
 the time being or hi^ deputy for ever. Wherefore we will and strictly 
 command for us and our heirs that the aforesaid Burgesses of Hedon 
 their heirs and successors shall have, hold and enjoy all the 
 liberties and acquittances aforesaid for ever and shall use the same as is 
 aforesaid without let or impediment of us or our heirs or the Justices, Es- 
 cheators, Sheriffs or other Bailiffs or Ministers of us whomsoever. These 
 being witnesses : The Venerable Father J. Archbishop of Canterbury, 
 Primate of all England ; William, Bishop of Winchester, our Treasurer ; R. 
 Bishop of London ; Henr}^ Earl of Lancaster; William de liohun. Earl of 
 Northampton ; Richard Eaid of Arundel ; Master John de Offord, Dean of 
 Lincoln, our Chancellor ; Thomas Wake of Lidel ; Richard Talbot, Steward 
 of our household, and others. Dated by the hand of the King at West- 
 minster the 16th day of April in the 22nd year of our reign in England, and 
 the 9tli 3^ear of our reign in France " 
 
 * Pillory. (Pilori) A wooden frame or engine, on which cheats or other offenders 
 stood, to be examples of i^ublic shame. (Bailey's Bid.) 
 
 t Tumbrell. (Tumbrellium) An engine of jmnishment which, says Kitchen, 
 ought to be in every Liberty that hath view of Frank pledge, for the correction of Scolds and 
 unquiet women. Some authors make it synonymous Avith Ducking Stool. 
 
 X Thew. (old word) A Ducking Stool, (Bailey's Diet.) 
 
^4 The History of Hedon. 
 
 Under this Charter, which in point of date is the second 
 known Charter of incorporation granted in this country* the 
 Town and Corporation have been ever since governed ; and the 
 jC24 and the ^66 mentioned therein are still paid to the Lord 
 Paramount of the Seigniory of Holderness. The elections of 
 Mayors and Bailiffs were, up to the passing of the Hedon Cor- 
 poration and Borough Improvement Act, A.D. 1860, regularly 
 continued. A Common Seal was adopted, which is still continued 
 to be used. Previous to 1860, an exclusive jurisdiction was, and 
 since that time a concurrent one with the Justices of the East 
 Riding is in criminal matters still, preserved. The Freemen 
 enjoy the privilege of being Toll free in all Towns in England, 
 and up to the passing of the above-mentioned Corporation and 
 Borough Improvement Act, the inhabitants were exempt from 
 serving on Juries in the East Riding, and up to that time the 
 Corporation maintained their own Prison, and even held regularly 
 a Court of Quarter Sessions, although no Recorder had been for 
 upwards of a century appointed ; but the venerable Pillory, 
 Tumbrell, and Thew, have become subjects of tradition. 
 
 Several Charters were subsequently granted to the Borough 
 of Hedon, but most of them were simply confirmations of the 
 preceding ones, viz.: 
 
 1st Richard II., a.d. 1377, which was a confirmation of the 
 Charter granted by his grandfather, Edward III. 
 
 * The earliest Charter of incoriDoration of which any trace can be found is one by 
 Edward III., to Coventry the next grant of a Communitas is to Hedon. (Gross' Gild 
 Merchant, i., 93.) 
 
Municipal History. 
 
 35 
 
 1st Henry IV., a.d. 1399, which was also a Charter of 
 conlirmation. 
 
 2Qd Henry v., a.d. 1413, confirmmg the three precedmg 
 Charters, made still greater concessions to the Burgesses, and 
 conferred on them still greater privileges ; for, after the usual 
 words of confirmation, the Charter proceeds : 
 
 " And further of our more abundant grace at the request of the said 
 Mayor, Bailiffs and Burgesses and to the end that they and their heirs 
 and successors at all future time may be better able more freely and 
 quietly to enjoy the benefit according to the purport of the said words* 
 granting amongst other things liberties, and franchises granted by the 
 Charter of Lord Edward late King of England our Great Grandfather. 
 That the Burgesses of the Town aforesaid and their heirs and successors 
 should not be convicted by any foreignersf upon any appeals, of right, injuries, 
 trespasses, crimes, challenges, and demands imposed or to be imposed 
 upon them or perpetrated or to be perpetrated by them in the said Town, 
 but only by their co-Burgesses unless the Commonalty of the said Town 
 should be inculpated of any of the premises or matters touching the whole 
 Commonalty itself or us and our lieirs. And we do grant and by our Charter 
 confirm for us and our heirs to the aforesaid Mayor, Bailiffs, and Bur- 
 gesses that they and their heirs and successors sliall for ever have full 
 correction, punishment, authority and power of inquiring, hearing and 
 determining by the Mayor and Bailiffs of the said Town who now are 
 or for the time being shall be of all and singular matters, felonies, 
 plaints, defects, causes and other things and articles arising or happening 
 within the aforesaid Town and liberty thereof which in anywise might or 
 ought to be inquired of and determined before the keepers of the peace 
 and Justices assigned or to be assigned to hear and determine felonies, 
 trespasses and other misdeeds in the East Hiding of the County of York, 
 or before the Justices of Labourers, Servants and Artificers in the same 
 East Riding, as fully and wholly as the Keepers of the Peace and Justices 
 
 * Tlie same as those of York and Lincoln have, 
 t Persons -without tlie liberties. 
 
36 
 
 The History of Hedon. 
 
 assigned to hear and determine felonies, trespasses, and other misdeeds in the 
 said East Riding, or the Jnstices of Labonrers, Servants and Artificers 
 there heretofore have done, or in futnre may do Avithout the Town and 
 liberty aforesaid, without that the aforesaid Keepers of the Peace assigned or 
 to be assigned to hear and determine felonies, trespasses, and other mis- 
 deeds in the said East Riding or the Justices of Labourers, Servants, or 
 Artificers of us or of our heirs in the aforesaid East Riding shall in anywise 
 intermeddle themselves concerning any matters, felonies, complaints, defects, 
 causes or any other things and articles happening arising or contingent here- 
 after within the said Town and liberty. And moreover of our more abun- 
 dant grace, we do grant for us and our heirs to the aforesaid Mayor and 
 Bailiffs and Burgesses that they and their heirs and successors for ever 
 •shall have to their o\v^n proper use all fines, issues, forfeitures, and 
 amerciaments whatsoever belonging or appertaining to the aforesaid 
 Keepers of the Peace or Justices within the aforesaid Town, and liberty or in 
 anyway arising from the same Keepers of the Peace or Justices to be levied and 
 received by their own proper officers and ministers in support of the great 
 fee farm which the aforesaid Mayor, Bailiffs, and Burgesses are bound to 
 render yearly, for the Town aforesaid, and for the sup[)ort, reparation, and 
 cleansing of a certain ditch running through the middle of the same Town 
 called the "Flete," also other charge of the same Town daily arising and 
 contingent. Provided always that our said grants so far as they relate to 
 the new liberties and franchises in our present Charter contained, or 
 other premises to the aforesaid Mayor, Bailiffs and Burgesses by us granted 
 as is premised, shall in nowise derogate, take from, damage or at any 
 future time pi-ejudice the Master or Keeper of tlie Hospital at Newton, for 
 the time being or his successors or from the liberties and free customs 
 which the aforesaid Hospital within the liberty of the town aforesaid from 
 ancient time iiave had and used, or to tl\e officers and ministers t)f the 
 same, l)ut that the said Master or Keeper and his successors shall liave 
 and hold their aforesaid customs and liberties and use the same ])y them- 
 selves their officers and ministeis, and shall fully exercise and enjoy 
 the same without violation, or interruption of the said Mayoi', Bailiffs, 
 and Buigesses or their successors whomsoever as fully and entirely in all 
 things as tlie aforesaid Master or Keeper and his predecessors have been 
 accustomed to use and enjoy such liberties and free customs befoi'e our 
 said new grants in any wise notwithstanding. Dated at Westminster 
 by tlie King, tlie Eiglitli day of February. These being wilnesses: Tiie 
 
Munici]^aJ HiMovy. 37 
 
 Venerable Fathers, H. Archbishop of Canterbury, Primate of all England ; 
 H. Archbishop of York, Primate of England ; our most dear Uncle ; H. Bisliop 
 of Winchester, our Chancellor ; and R. Bishop of Norwich ; Thomas, Duke 
 of Clarence ; John, Duke of Bedford ; Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, our 
 most dear brothers ; our most dear Cousins, Edward, Duke of York ; 
 Thomas, Earl of Arundel ; Our Treasurers ; Richard, Earl of AVarwick ; 
 our most dear Cousins, Henry Fitzhugh, our Chamberlain ; Thomas Erpingham, 
 Steward of our household. Knights ; and Master John Prophete, keeper 
 of our Privy Seal ; and others. 
 
 The Charters amongst other vakiable and interestmg records 
 having fallen a prey to the ruthless hand of the destroyer, it is 
 only from inrolled copies that any information can be obtained. 
 It appears, from a Charter 8th Elizabeth, a.d. 1565, reciting the 
 several Charters thereby confirmed, that the following had been 
 granted to the Borough, viz : 
 
 2nd Henry YI., - - a.d. 1428. 
 
 4th Edward lY., - - ,, 14G4. 
 
 8th Henry YIII., - - ,, 1517. 
 
 4th Edward YI., - - „ 1551. 
 
 :-]rd Philip and Alary ,, 1550. 
 8th. Elizabeth, a.d. 1505, is only a C^harter of inspeximus, 
 repeating and confirming the grants of the previous monarch : in 
 other words, granting no fresh privileges, but merely confirming 
 those in existence. 
 
 10th Charles II., a.d. 1075. Letters Patent, conlirming 
 former Letters Patent, of 3rd Charles L, recite that : 
 
 Whereas our 'J\)\vn of Hedon in the County of York ^'s an ancient and 
 populous Town and for many ages now past hath Ixjon a ( ^)rpol•atioIl or Body 
 
38 
 
 TJie History of Hedon. 
 
 Corporate and Politic, and that the Burgesses and Inhabitants of that Town 
 had and then held, and enjoyed divers liberties, privileges, franchises, 
 customs, immunities, pre-eminences, lands, tenements, possessions and other 
 hereditaments. And whereas our beloved subjects, the now Mayor, Bailiffs 
 and Burgesses of the Town aforesaid have humbly besought us that we would 
 so far be willing to exhibit and extend our royal favour and munificence to 
 the same Mayor, Bailiffs and Burgesses in the confirmation of all the 
 ancient liberties and privileges thereof in such manner and form as well 
 it might graciously appear to us expedient for the public good and better 
 rule of the Town aforesaid. Know ye therefore that we graciously affecting 
 the improvement of the Town aforesaid and the prosperous condition 
 of our people there of our special grace and of our certain knowledge and 
 mere motion do will ordain grant and confirm to the aforesaid Mayor, 
 Bailiffs and Burgesses, their heirs and successors, the liberties, etc., lands, 
 markets, fairs, etc., they then had and enjoyed. Provided always 
 we will and by these presents for us, our heirs and successors, do grant 
 and strictly enjoin and command that the Mayor, Recorder, Aldermen, 
 Burgesses, Common Clerk, and all other officers and ministers of our Town of 
 Hedon afaresaid and their Deputies and all Justices of the Peace now 
 appointed or hereafter to be nominated that if they before being admitted to 
 the execution or exercise of tlieir respective offices have not taken their 
 corporal oaths immediately after or following their election or appointment 
 shall not in anywise be admitted to enter upon tlie same until he or they 
 shall have taken as well the corporal oath commonly called the oath of 
 obedience as the corporal oath commonly called the oath of supremacy. 
 And that no Recorder or Common Clerk shall enter upon his office before 
 they be approved by us our heirs and successors by a writing under our sign 
 manual. Witness ourself at Westminster the Twenty-seventh day of May 
 in the sixteenth 3^ear of our reign." 
 
 The last Charter granted to the Borough is that of 1st 
 James II., a.d. 1685, wherehy it is ordained that the Town of 
 Hedon shall be and remain a free Town of itself, and the Bur- 
 gesses and Inhabitants should thenceforth and for ever be at all 
 future times a Body Corporate and Politic in deed, fact and 
 name, by the name of the Mayor, Aldermen, Bailiffs and Bur- 
 
Municipal History. 39 
 
 gesses of the Town of Hedon in the county of York, with a 
 Mayor, Aldermen, and Bailiffs empowered to hold a Court for the 
 trial of causes, debts, and trespasses within the Borough, and to 
 maintain a Prison to hold such persons as they commit for debt 
 felonies, and so forth. This Charter, after providing for the 
 election of a Mayor, Aldermen and Bailiffs, Kecorder, and Com- 
 mon Clerk, and declaring that the Mayor, Eecorder, and two 
 senior Aldermen, for the time being, ^ shall be Justices of the 
 Peace within the Town and precincts thereof, proceeds : ' More- 
 over we will and by these presents for us our heirs and successors 
 do grant to the Mayor, Aldermen, Bailiffs and Burgesses of the 
 Town aforesaid and to their successors for ever the advowson, 
 donation, rectory and right of patronage to the Eectory of the 
 Church of Sigglesthorne in our county of York, and all the 
 Glebes, etc., to the intent that the said Mayor, Bailiffs and 
 Burgesses and their successors from time to time hereafter 
 as often as the Church aforesaid shall become void that they 
 shall present thereto an Incumbent to the Church to be 
 approved by us our heirs and successors by writing under the 
 Great Seal of England. And further that the Schoolmaster of 
 Hedon for the time being during the time he shall reside there 
 shall have and receive the yearly sum of Forty Pounds, growing 
 and arising from the profits out of the advowson of Siggles- 
 thorne aforesaid, with a power reserved to revoke the grant of 
 the advowson and Eectory at pleasure.' The Charter also pro- 
 vides for the holding of a fair at a place called St. Austin's 
 Gate, on the Twenty-fifth of November, and at a place called 
 
40 The Historif of Hedon. 
 
 the old Market Hill, on the Second day of February m every 
 year, for all manner of cattle, goods, and merchandise. 
 
 The grants made to the Town by this Charter do not appear 
 to have been accepted by the Corporation. There is no record 
 of the two senior Aldermen having ever acted as Justices of the 
 Peace. The advowson of the Kectory of Sigglesthorne does not 
 appear to have ever passed to the Corporation. And the fairs in 
 St. Austin's Gate and the old Market Hill have not been held 
 on the days mentioned for many years, if they ever were. Not- 
 withstanding that this Charter (like many similar Koyal Charters- 
 granted about this time to other Corporations) purports to have 
 been ostensibly granted by the Sovereign ' of our special grace 
 and mere motion,' it is, nevertheless, a fact that the renewals 
 and confirmations of Charters were frequently made for a valuable 
 consideration to the King by the Corporation receiving the same.* 
 It is therefore possible that the Corporation of Hedon either not 
 having the inclination, or the pecuniary means, of satisfying the 
 King's requirements, declined, or neglected to avail themselves 
 of the privileges and provisions of the Charter ; but the more 
 probable reason was that this Charter came under the designation 
 of a 'void and spurious Charter.' It is a matter of notoriety that 
 Judge Jefferies was sent at the instigation of the King and his 
 adherents to enforce the surrender of the old Borough Charters 
 and impose new^ ones against the will of the Corporation ; the 
 
 Poulson's History of Hoiderness, ii., p. 105. 
 
Municipal History. 41 
 
 object of the King being the subversion of the old Corporations 
 and the substitution in their place of others nominated by the 
 Crown, and nominated with such special discretion as to include 
 virtually the nomination of the Borough members of Parliament. 
 The King, in a vain and despairing attempt to remove the injury 
 attaching to his cause by the granting of these new Charters, 
 caused to be issued before his abdication a proclamation re- 
 storing the old Corporations by abrogating the new charters, 
 hence these new charters were called Woid and spurious'* 
 
 The ingenuity of the King or his advisers on abrogating 
 these Charters is interesting as shewing how tyrannous tres- 
 pass and ignominious retreat can be equally clothed with a 
 superficial appearance of judicial deliberation. The procedure 
 of the grant of the new Charters had commenced with quo warranto 
 proceedings leading by compulsion to the surrender of the old 
 Charters. The legal fiction, by which the proclamation of the 
 15th. of June 1688 restored the Boroughs, was that unless the 
 surrenders had been entered upon, record they did not in law 
 amount to surrenders, and that a simple stay of proceedings 
 constituted restoration. The proclamation also declare, that 
 where in a few exceptional cases the surrender had been enrolled, 
 the Borough affected should also be restored, upon application 
 to the Chancellor, Attorney General, and Solicitor G-eneral. 
 This declaration did not concern the Corporation of Hedon as 
 
 * From a note furnislied to the Editor by Mr. T. Tindall Wildridge. 
 
The Historij of Hedon. 
 
 the surrender of its existing Charter had not been enrolled ; the 
 Borough and the Charter therefore remained as heretofore. 
 
 In 18th Charles II. (1666-7), an attempt was made by Lord 
 Dunbar, the then Lord of the Seigniory of Holderness, by a suit 
 in the Exchequer, to recover his manorial rights in the town 
 of Hedon ; but after a considerable amount of litigation he did 
 not succeed in obtaining any material advantage. The evidence 
 given in the suit on behalf of the Corporation is valuable 
 as confirming the fact that free burgage within the Borough 
 was granted to the Lord on behalf of the Burgesses, and is 
 also highly interesting as shewing that there existed as bounds 
 or limits of the liberties of the Town five Crosses, viz., Maudlin 
 Cross, Sepulchre Cross, Apeland Cross, Stockham Cross, and 
 Twiers Cross ; that the ground between Maudlin Cross and 
 Thirty Acres was within the liberties of Hedon ; that the 
 closes from Apeland Cross along the Haven lying East of the new 
 field were within Lordship of Preston ; that from Twiers Cross to 
 the lane of Sepulchre's Cross were within the liberties of Hedon ; 
 and that the lands between Stockham Cross and Apelands Cross 
 were also within the liberties of Hedon. From these particu- 
 lars the probable localities of these five Crosses are not difficult 
 to define. 
 
 The Corporation, up to the year 1860, consisted of ten 
 Aldermen and two Bailiffs. The Mayor was elected annually 
 from the ten Aldermen, on the Thursday next before Michaelmas 
 day (29th September), at a meeting held at the Guildhall for that 
 
Municipal History. ^ 4S 
 
 purpose. The mode of election of the Mayor was in this wise ; 
 the Burgesses being assembled in the Guildhall, the Mayor, 
 Aldermen and Bailiffs retired to the Council Chamber, and there 
 nominated two Aldermen as Lites,* one of whom was chosen by 
 the Burgesses as the Mayor. The Bailiffs were also elected 
 annually on the same day in a similar manner, the Aldermen 
 and Bailiffs nominating four Burgesses as Lites, two of whom 
 were chosen by the Burgesses by a majority of votes. The 
 newly elected Mayor and Bailii^s were sworn in before the re- 
 tiring Mayor and Bailiffs on the 29th of September. The Alder- 
 men were elected for life, and chosen in a similar manner to the 
 Mayor and Bailiffs. As a rule, the Aldermen served the office of 
 Mayor in rotation. The latest elected Alderman was, however, 
 usually chosen, and it was generally understood that no 
 Burgess could be elected an Alderman who had not served 
 previously the office of Bailiff. The Mayor and the two Bailiffs 
 were Justices of the Peace, during their year of office. The 
 Coroner for the Borough was also chosen by the Mayor, Alder- 
 men and Bailiffs annually on the same day as the Mayor and 
 Bailiffs were chosen, and was usually the ex-Mayor. 
 
 The following verbatim copy of the Ordinances relative to 
 the election of the Mayor and other Officers of the Corporation 
 and to the government of the Town, describes minutely the mode 
 of procedure at such elections, the duties of the several officers 
 
 * A North Country word, 'a portion.' (Bailey's Diet.) 
 
The History of Hedon. 
 
 of the Corporation when elected, and the laws then in force for 
 the government and well-being of the community. 
 
 THE OEDINANNCIS. 
 
 Eleccione of the Mayre. FyrstjYt is oldenyd and accustomed that ev'ry 
 
 yeare of tlie Thiirsdaye next beffor the Feist 
 of Saynt Migliell tli' archangell all the Bargeses that is of the Towne 
 and Inhabiters ther shall at IX. of the cloke be in the Commone 
 Hall 23ayne to forfeite ev'ry Burges at maykes defalte wt'owt suche 
 a resonable cawsse as the Mayre and Baylyffes at that daye ys cliosyne 
 will alow xld. And at X. of the cloke that daye the Maior and Crowner 
 wt' the other of his Cowncell shall nn3'me two men to be that daye in 
 Liet of the Mayre, and iiij men to be in Liet as Baylyffis. And when SRche 
 Lyets ar writtyne the sayd Mayre or Crowner shall fyrst tell to the Towne 
 Gierke and cawsse hym writte whiche of them as is in lyet shalbe chosyn 
 the Mayre by hyme, and so the Bayllyffys and after the Clarke. The 
 1 Mayre shall gyve his voys to the Crowner lykewyse and call to them the one 
 liaillaye and wryt his sayinge and then call the other BayllyfPe by him- 
 sellfe. And ev'ry on of the Burgesses as thaye be called by them sellffes and 
 wryt ev*ry of ther elleccione and then the sayd Mayre and Crowner shall 
 oppenly make ev'ry mans eleccione to be redde. And admitte them at haythe 
 most voces to the office at he is chosyn unto. And if ther be ij. that 
 hathe vocis in lyke many then the Mayre to gyffe another voice wher he 
 thinketh most best for the comon-well. And ev'ry person chosyne to any 
 of the sayde offices to stande. And then tayke his othe yf he be present or 
 ells to be set in pr'sone to he wilbe sworne to his othe and to forfeit xli. 
 becawsse he refusj^d to take his othe. And all other officers to stande for one 
 holle yere and thay lyffe. And yf any of the sayd olfycers die w'tin the 
 yere then the com'one of Burgesis to choise other to occupye upe that yeare 
 as in the sayme auctorite and rome as ware thaye or he that so dyed. 
 
 For Choysin of Officer&. Also it is agreed and accustomed that when 
 
 the Mayre and Baillyffes be chosyne that the 
 said Commone of Burgesis shall chois Cliamb'layns, Constables and 
 all maner of other officers that thaye thinke convenie't to have in the 
 Towne, and the Mayre and Crowner to admyt suche as is namyd a& 
 they thinke most best for the common well. And yf it happin any 
 
Municipal History. 
 
 45 
 
 Burgis to be cliosyne onto any office for the common-well of the sayd 
 Towne and be not present then the Mayre and Crow'r w't th' advise of 
 fower or six of suche Burgeses as be chosyne of the Mayre's Counsell to set 
 or hyre suche one to occiipie for hym that so is chosen to he come and 
 occiipyee himseleffe. And the sayd officer so fyrst chosen to paye the sayd 
 Deputtye for his labur. It is forther agreed that yf the Mayre and Crowner 
 thinke at the Cominaletye make many wordes or that therbe parties takyn in 
 makyng any offycer then to choise them as is beffor said by the Mayre and 
 Baylliffes the liet and to be of pollys by tlie Commonality. 
 
 For Apperrell. Item it is ordenyd and agreed that b}^ the 
 
 Feast of Ester next after any Barges be 
 chosen Mayre that he sbr.U have a gownde of gravy d collore and a velvet 
 typpit and honestly dobletyd hossed and cappyd. And so the Alderman or 
 Aldermen to go in suche lyke apperrell in company processions w't the 
 Mayre on princypall dayes frome Ester to Micliellmesse excepet two princii3all 
 dayes be together. And that the said Mayre or Alderman fayll not but have 
 such apperrell by the sayd feast of Pasche next ensuyinge payne to ev'ryone 
 that wanttes to lose xxs. tociens quotiens. 
 
 AUso it is ordenyd and accustomed that the Baylyffs for the iymQ 
 beying shall have gownis of gravyd collor or ellys at the lest gownys of 
 other well colloryd ^loithe other velvet Typpites or ells at the lest Typpettes 
 of Sercynet by the feast of Pasche the next after thay be in offes payne of 
 forfatur of ether of them that makythe default vjs. viijd. 
 
 For the M^yre and Allso it is agreed accustomed and ordenyd that 
 Baillyffes to mavke the Mayre and Baillyffes shall mayke ther oppen 
 ther cryes. proclamacione accordinge to the olde custome 
 
 so oft as thaye seme convenient : And that 
 ev'ry Burges wt'in this browghe attend the Mayre and Baillyffes 
 at ther proclamacion makyng payne to forfaitt at ev'ry tyme at any Burges 
 raaykythe defaulte wt'out lycens of the Mayre or cawse resonable xiid 
 
 To Come to ye Court Allso it is ordenyd and accustomed that no 
 Honestly Arrayd. Mayre Balyf Crown'r nor Burges nor no other 
 
 p'rson of this Bur'gh come to the Court 
 but honestly arrayd that is to saye ev'ry Mayre Baillef and Crown'r honestlye 
 
The History of Hedon. 
 
 ara3^d w't gownys and other apperell as besemithe them. And ev'ry 
 other Burges and other persone after ther degrees payne to fforfeit for ev'ry 
 tyme so offendinge xld. 
 
 For Mending Allso it is ordenyd and accustomed that the 
 
 Bristills or Howses. Mayre for the tyme beyinge shall se that 
 
 ther be two tymes in the yeare two Questes 
 empanelyd. And the sayd Quest to serclie wheras any grownde lyes opone 
 w'towt the Bristill of fence to the nev/sans of any other neboore or grounde. 
 And allso wher any howsse dekayes or goys to wast. And all suche grounde, 
 howse or howses put under paynes to be amendyd by the next Quest go ther 
 circuyte and suche groundes or howses as is not amendyd by the tyme 
 lymetyd to set and put under gretter paynes ffrome circute to circuite to 
 ffowr circuites be past which is two years. And yf the owner or owners 
 of suche groundes or howses or grounde or howsse willnot amende suche 
 grounde or groundis, howsse or howsses be that ffower circuytes be past, 
 then the Mayre and Bayllyffes for tyme beying shall mayke oppen proclam- 
 acione in the M'ket that the Owners off and suche grounde or groundes howsse 
 or howsses come w'in a monthe of that proclaymaycyone and fynde surtie for 
 all dewties belonginge to suche howse or howses grounde or groundis and 
 paie all dewties behynde paine to forfate the said grounde or groundes 
 to the Towne for ever. And the said Queste shall inquere if anye hurte 
 be done againste the comone Ordynance and present theym that hatlie note 
 dressyd the heigh waies accordinge to tlie Maiore and Bailife comandemente. 
 And also the Queste shall presente suche people as hathe pavements broken 
 againste ther grounde and hathe not apparylled and mendyd suche grounde 
 or cause them to be done accordinge to their dewties and set paines of 
 suche grounde by there dyscrescyoue to amende by suche da^'es as they set 
 by the next circuite. And that the Maiore faile note to se suche Ordyn'nce 
 execuited on paine to forfate ev'ry tyme xxs 
 
 For Reaping of Also it is ordynned and accustomed that yf 
 
 Landis to the Heire any grounde or groundis tenemt or tenemts 
 COME TO XXI YEAREs comc by bcqucste or inliery tanncc to aiiyc cliildc 
 OF AGE. man or woman beinge under xiiij yeres of aige 
 
 and suche groundes or tenemt or grounde be 
 w'tliin anye p'te of the foure crosses of this Towne that the Maiore 
 and Crowr shall as sone as they knowe anye suche land or tenemt seasse 
 
Munici2:>al History. 
 
 ■17 
 
 and keape the same And set suclie order that all siiche groundes or grounde 
 t'm'te or t'm'ts be siifficientlie upholden so far as the rents and p'fetes 
 allow, and trewlie make suche an ordere tlierew'th that the said Childe 
 maie have ac'mpt trewlie when he or she that hathe suche lands, grounde, 
 
 8 or tenem't cometh to the aige of xxi. yeres at the which aige by custome of 
 this Broughe suche owners maie gyve and sell fee symple lande and if 
 anye suche younge owner of lande, house, or grounde dye or they be xxi. 
 yere of aige then the saide Maiore and Crowner or other to have keapinge of 
 suche lande, house or grounde and shall gyve accompte to the said owner, 
 excutor or mynystor ; Provyded alwaies that yf anye that ys of kynne to 
 anye suche childe will fynde surtie sufficient by wryttinge to the said Maiore 
 and Crowner that they shall paie and all suche as ys dewe to this Broughe 
 for the saide groundes or grounde doo and upholde theym and trewlie gyve 
 accompte after the fourme abovesaide that suche p'son or p'sons shall not 
 be denyed to have the guydinge of suche grounde or groundes, howse or 
 howses. 
 
 For the Rebukinge of Also it is ordeynned and accustomed that yf 
 ANYE Officer. anye Burgise or other p'sone or p'sons of this 
 
 Boroughe rebuke the Maiore, Bailiyfe Crowner, 
 or other lieade officers, or anye of the xii, of this Boroughe w'th callinge theym 
 anye viele name, as Extorcynner, Catyf, Bryber, Knave, or anye other evill 
 
 9 name that be-seames not suche an officer to be callide evrie p'son or p'sons so 
 offenddinge to be ymprysonned by the spaice of one daye and one nyghte 
 and to loose iijs. iiijd. for e'ry suche defaulte, and if one officer rebuke 
 another w'th suche wordes as ys abovesaide then they that offendethe to 
 losse for e'ry tyme vjs, viiijds. exceptc yt be the Maiore or Bailife that 
 speakethe to their officer for executtinge of their offices. 
 
 For wrongfflll Also it is ys agreed and accustomed that no 
 
 Impressonmente Officer set no p'ssone nor p'ssones in presone 
 
 except yt be ather by vertue of the comone 
 Ordynance or by authorytie of the lawe or ellis by th'advise of vi. or iiij. 
 at the leaste of thead Officers of the said Towne or of iiii. of the xii. that 
 is of the Maiors Counsaill or ells for a cause reasonable. And yf anye 
 Officer ympryssone anye p'son contrarye to this Ordynnance then he so 
 
 10 yrapryssoned by vertue of this Ordynnance yf he bringe ane accyone againste 
 tlieyme that press'nyd him in the Courte of this Towne shall recover for 
 
48 
 
 The History of Hedon, 
 
 ev'y liowre he was in pressone iiijd if he that was so ympressoned be an 
 41derman, and if he that was so j^mpressonyed be but a Burgise and no 
 Alderman he shall have for everie howre he was ympressonyd contrarie 
 to this Ordynnance ijd. And if anye forroner be ympressonyd contrary e 
 to this Ordynnance he shall have for everie howre that he is in presson 
 or soe ympressonyd jd, 
 
 For the Inqueste that Also it ys Ordynned and accustomed that if 
 APPERiTHE NOT anyc p'sone that ys somonyde and distreynnede 
 
 to passe of anye inqueste other between p'tie 
 and p'tie or other inqueste for the Kinge and the Comonnaltie and 
 
 11 apperythe not of the furste dystres he shall loise at the furste ijd. at 
 the seconnde iiijd. and at the thirde vjd and soe ever dooble to the queste 
 have passide. And if the queste passe that if anye suche be in the 
 pannell be not presente in the Courte or the inqueste be swornne ev'ry 
 one that make defaulte shall loosse at everie tyme ijd. 
 
 For THE BuRGiSES TO Also it is Ordynned and accustomed that everie 
 COME TO THE CouRTE OP Burgisc and Inhabiter of this Boroughe above 
 LiETE OR Sherife-torn xii yeres of Aige appere affore the Maiore and 
 
 Bailife at everie Sheryf-torne and ther be 
 sworne the said Maiore and Bailife as is custome to ev'ry Lorde in Leite 
 to paie when they be sworne ev'ry person jd. and if anye p'son absente 
 theym-selfs that hathe inhabyted one yere and a dale in this Boroughe then 
 he so offendinge shall loase vjd so that the comone Se'ante have maide open 
 
 12 proclaymacyone through the Towne and ev'ry p'sone above xii yeres of aige 
 and all suche as hathe purchassed lande or howse or that hathe anye lands 
 comed to theym by inherytance or howse all suche t'appere afore the said 
 Maiore and Baylife and to taike ther othe and to be sworne trewe ten'nte 
 to the Towne and to upholde and yf anye suche inherytor or purchess'r 
 absent themselfs they so offendinge to loose for ev'ry tyme vjd and ev'ry ten'nte 
 to paie for enttringe him ten'nte yf he be a burgise jd and if he be a foraner 
 ijd and yf anye ten'nte make defaulte of sewtinge of the saide Courte at two 
 tymes in the yere after that he or she be swornne shall be amercyde at everie 
 Courte callide the Sheryf-torne or Courte of Liet iiijd. 
 
Municipal History. 
 
 49 
 
 To iNQUER BY iNQUESTE Allso it is Ordynncd and accustomed that 
 YF ANY P'soNE HAA-^E DONE evei'ie Maiorc and Bailife in the furst p'te of 
 Wronge to the that yere they be in office shall putte on 
 
 Churche or Towne. queste charge to give knowleige to the saide 
 
 Maiore and Bailifs if anye that hathe bene 
 officer or officers or anye other p'sone at anye tyme before that yere hathe 
 counsellyd or keapid any thinge froine the coraone p'fet of the towne or done 
 anye thinge that ys againste ether the Churche or comonwelthe to there 
 owne p'fet in tyme of ther office or oth'r tyme w'thout lycens of the Maiore 
 or other lawfull authoritie or that hathe not maide ther accompte trewlie 
 
 13 and that the said queste shalbe charged to hyde no suche matter as is above 
 saide but so ffarr as they know therin to p'sente. And the Maiore and Bailifs 
 upon that p'sentment to set suche remidie and punyshement as vj. or iiij. of 
 of the xii of the Maiores Counsaill thynke reasonable and not to dryve yt 
 over vj. weeks after except yt be to tarrie of the Counsaill of the Recorder 
 of the Towne paine to f orf ate for everie suche defalte drewin ev'y tyme of the 
 said Maior and Bailifs yere by the Maiore xs. And if the defalte be in ether 
 of the Bailifs then they offending to forfate xs. wh' inquirie as nowe is 
 thought good to be put in the queste that inquireth the furste half yere of 
 waste and decaies excepte the Maiore and Bailifs for the tyme being will 
 ympannell a queste for the monste. 
 
 All suche P'sons as Also it is ordenned and accustomed that the 
 
 DOTHE NOT p'fourme THER Mairc and Bailifs shall yerlie one tyme or twoe 
 Indenturs to BE puNYSHED tymcs put and charge a queste to present 
 ACCORDING TO THER INDENTURE yf anye p'sou or p'sons that hathe anye 
 
 howse or grounde or groundes taiken by 
 
 14 the Comone Scale and the talkers of suche grounde, house or groundes or 
 ther assignes have not p'formed their indenture or indentures, then all and 
 every suche one so offendinge to be punyshed according to there indenture or 
 indentures excepte the Maiore and Bailifs be condicente of th'one half at the 
 leaste of theym that be of the xii of the Maiores counsaill set other order 
 in suche matt'r, and it be at the furste presentmente. 
 
 That the Balltfe and Also it is Ordennyed and accustomed that 
 OTHER Officer bringe in the Bailifs shall del'yer ther quytance of 
 ther rentall and oth'r there payments into the Comone Chambre 
 BooKES ON PAIN OF XS cvcr w'tliin XX dales that they have suche 
 
 quytance and the last quytance w'thin one 
 
 15 yere that they have bene in offyce. And also they shall se delyveride 
 
50 
 
 Tlie History of Iledon, 
 
 or maketo be delyveride into tlie saide Comone Chambre w'thin the said thre 
 quarters of one yere all suche re'tall precedences or Townes Booke as they 
 had in tlieire keepinge the tyme they wer in office and this lyke Ordynnauce 
 to be to the Maiore or Ch'mb'rlains or anye other officer that hathe a.nye streictes 
 rentall or booke to be delyvirid into the said Chambre w'thin the said tyme 
 paine that ev'ry one that maks defaulte herin to forfaite for everie tyme xs. 
 
 16 
 
 If the Maiore cause Also it is agreed and accustomed that the 
 NOT OLD Officers to make Maiore shall betwixt Candlemas and Maie 
 THER AccoMPT TO FORFATE Dale w'tliin viij dales warnynge upon paine 
 xs., & THE Defalter XS. afforsaidc call all olde officers that of custome 
 
 the Maiore hathe some compte to pay to 
 gyve upe there accompte w'thin a mo'the next after the purificasione of o'r 
 Laidie and if aney accom'te be unmayde in defalte of the Maiore he to 
 forfaite for everie accompte so unmayde in his default xs., and if ther be 
 defalte in aney that shoulde make accompte so that ther accompte be not 
 maide by that dale then everie suche p'son so offendinge to losse xs. 
 
 For Alleging against Also it is ordenned and accustomed that if 
 ANYE Officer. anye p'son alege againste anye officer or 
 
 sale that anye officer dothe wronge whereas no 
 17 wronge ys done in dead or alege or repound againste anye Comone ordynance 
 or gov'mente of the Maiore or the moste p'te of the xii except yt be to the 
 Maiore and Bailifes in the Comone hall wher yt maie be refourmed and 
 neid require that everie maner of p'son so offending to lease and forfate for 
 ev'ry tyme vis. viijd. 
 
 For Burgtse to goo to Also it is ordenned and accustomed that if 
 Hall at the Maiore's the Maiore comande anye Burgise to go w'tlt 
 
 Comandeme't. his officer to the Hall and the said Burgise 
 
 reffuse the Maiore's comandemente then yt 
 shalbe lawfull for the Maiore to taike power to hyme and put suche 
 18 offender or offenders in the preson that ys ordynned for offenders and there, 
 to keape suche offender or offenders duringe his pleasure and everie suche 
 offender to loose vjs. viiid. Also it is ordennyd that yf anye Burgis be in 
 tliall at the Maiore's comandemente and dep'te ovvt of the said Hall (except 
 
Municipal History. 
 
 51 
 
 it be to stanna marre* and retourne againe) yt everie suche p'son so 
 offendinge shalbe punyslied as ye next above Ordynance and to loose his 
 burgage for ever, except tliey maike therefor a newe fyne. 
 
 For the Maiore to Also it is ordenned and accustomed that the 
 
 CoMANDE THE Chamb'r- Maiorc shall comande the Ch'mb'rlains or either 
 LANES TO LAiE OUT of thcym to ley owt anye sylver that he 
 
 Silver. thinke ys neadfull for the comonaltie or for 
 
 the Towne's use and if they or ether of theym 
 reffuse that to do then the Maiore to sett theym in presone ther to 
 remayne to they or ether of them so being in presone will fulfyll the said 
 
 19 Maiore's comandement in layeing downe sylver, provided alwaies that yf 
 the Maiore se not the said Ch'mbe'rlains or ether of theym paide or con- 
 tented w'thin ther yere or a qu'rt'r after suche sylver as the said Maiore hatlie 
 comanded ether of theym to laye owte. That then it is ordennyd that if the 
 said Ch'mb'rlains or ether of theym sew the said Maiore for such money as 
 ether of theym ys unpaide or agreed for that they or ether of theym that so 
 sewis shall recover their money of the said Maiore by virtue of this 
 ordynance. 
 
 The Bailifs not to go Also it is Ordennyed and accustomed that the 
 
 OVER thre tyms OR THEY Bailifs shall not goo over thre sev'all tymes 
 DisTREYNE for anyc rente or other dewties that they be 
 
 charged w'th except they distreyne ether the 
 
 20 bodies or goods of ther debtors and set theym in presone tyll they be 
 paide and if the Bailife go after them thre tymes and distreine not 
 for their dewties so that the daie of payment be paste and that y'r be two 
 daies so betwixt so going and another and also that they mighte have 
 had a lawfull dystres then the said Bailife to lose xs. Also of the 
 Bailife forbear anye p'son more one than another it execuiting this Ordy- 
 nannce then they to forfate for everie suche defaulte xs. 
 
 That ev'ry p'son attend Also it is Ordennyd and accustomed that ev'ry 
 ON the Maiore when inherytor of this Boroughe shall come to the 
 THEY HEIR YE CoMON Maiorc w'th his beste weapon if he hear the 
 
 21 Bell knyll Comon bell kynll if any p'son offende herin 
 
 & be found gyltie by an inqueste & have none 
 excuse reasonable everie p'sone so offending shall have a weke ympreson- 
 
 ♦ Causa Necessitatis Naturae. 
 
 ' ^ OF ILUMnt^ 
 
52 
 
 The History of Iledon. 
 
 ment and loose vjs. viijd. so ofte as any p'son or p'sons maketli tlier 
 defaulte. 
 
 For the Sheryfs Also it is ordennyed and accustomed that the 
 
 ATTENDANCE. Maiore and Bailifs shall send there mandate 
 
 to the Sheryf of Yorkeshir or to his deputie 
 
 22 everie yere afore the feaste of the Natyvytie of Chryste or at the 
 ffartheste w'thin xx. dales after so that the saide Sherif or liis deputie be 
 not absente at the Sessions of pease in defaulte of the saide Maiore and 
 Bailifs paine to fforfate at ev'ry suche defaulte xs. 
 
 For washtnge at Also it is ordennyd and accustomed that no 
 
 Stokewell. p'son weshe no clothes at Stockewell nor neighe 
 
 to the same nor none other uncleane thinge 
 
 23 wherbye any mans mynde male have anye occasion to love tlie water of 
 that well the worse paine to everie one so offendinge to loose at everie 
 tyme xijd. or ellis to sit xij. dales in presson w'tout gr'ce. 
 
 That everie Officer Also it is Ordennyd and accustomed that if 
 MAK ACCOMPTE OF ALL auyc Maiorc Bailife Chamb'rlaine Church- 
 
 dewties. warden or anye other officer do not levie and 
 
 gather suche dewties as belongethe to there offises 
 to levie and gather and trewlie make accompte therof when they be calh'd 
 therunto at tyme appointed by the Maiore and his brethren that ev'iy sucho 
 
 24 officer shalbe charged themselfs w'th suche dewties behinde unlevyed and un- 
 gathered excepte anye suche officer will swear on a booke tliat they know no 
 suche dewties or ells that they coulde fyndeno lawfuU distresse nor lawfull waie 
 to get suche dewties in the tyme that they so wer charged w'th such 
 dewties. And also it is ordennyd that everie suche Officer provyded or 
 founde lawfull in defaulte of levyinge of suche dewties as ye abovesaid 
 excepte lawfull excuse as ye abovesaid that everie suche officer or offender 
 shall loose for everie suche defaulte iijs. iiijd. 
 
 THAT NO officer SHALL Also it is Ordennyd that no Officer of the 
 SUFFER NO GOODS TO BE Towne or Church shall suffer no man to have 
 delyv'd to no MAN w'otiT anye thinge other belonginge to the Towne or 
 sur'ty for paymeft Churche but the debtor will fynde towe surties 
 
 THEROF to paie suche debte at tyme assigned by the 
 
 25 Maiore and Officer of that Office that the debt 
 belongeth unto paine of everie Officer that is founde defectyt horin to paie 
 
Municipal History. 
 
 53 
 
 suclie debt hymself and to loose for everie suche debt iijs. iiijd. Also it 
 is Ordennyd yt yf the Suretie for any suche debt shalbe inhabytor in this 
 Towne. And also if auye suche debt be above xxs. and no surtie taken 
 as is above said suche officer or officers to lose ev'y tyme xs. 
 
 That no Person intreat Also it is Ordenyd and accustomed that no 
 FOR ANYE Offender Inhabytor of this Towne intret for anye p'son 
 
 PAINE OF iijs. iiijd. or p'sons at anye tyme to come that offendethe 
 
 againste anye ordynnance that ys maide or 
 
 that herafter maye be maid to have an agreement abate otherwyse then yt 
 
 ys sett or shalbe sett by comon ordynnance paine of everie one to for- 
 
 fate for everie suche offence iijs. iiijd. 
 
 For Pardonyinge of half Also it is ordennyd and accustomed that if 
 'JHE FORFATE THAT anyc p'son offend or do anye thinge contrarie 
 
 DOTHE suBMYTE THEM to any ordynnancc that ys maid or that her- 
 
 UNTO YE Maior's favoure. after shall be maide by the consent of the 
 
 Maiore and Burgises and be showid or compley- 
 ned of to the Maiore, Bailifs or Chambrelanes by credible infourmacyon tliat 
 tlien anye suche Officer that so ys imformed shall cause the comone Clarke of 
 the Conrte to wryt the same and cause to make the said offender to be sett in 
 warde except that they or any such offender or offenders wyle set good surtie to 
 answer afore the Maiore and Bailifs at the next Courte or whenever the said 
 Maiore or Bailifs assigns to answer to suche offence or offences done contrarie 
 to anye ordynaiice, and if the said Maioi e and Bailifs thinke itnecessarie they 
 maye appointe or panel a queste to passe of anye suche offence as ys supposed to be 
 done againste anye ordynance that ys maid or herafter shalbe maide as ys 
 abovesaid at ther owne pleasure provided alwaies that yf anye p'son or 
 p'sones have maide or maike or herafter shall happen to make anye offence 
 contaarie to anye comone ordynnance tliat ys maide or shalbe maide and 
 acknowleige ther defaulte and pute theym in the Maiore's graice and Bailifs 
 or ever the queste passe of such default or be all sworne to passe and go 
 togeither to inquer therof that ev'ry p'son so doyeuge shall lease but but one 
 half of the forfatui e as ys set by anye suche ordynnance nor have but half 
 punyshement. 
 
54 
 
 The History of Hedon. 
 
 That ev'ry P'son Also it is ordayimed and accustomed that 
 
 OFFENDING AGAINST ANY evene p'son condemnnyed by the inqueste or 
 Ordynnance PAIS THER by the Maiore and Bailifs judgement in anye 
 FORFATE WHEN THEY BE loose of sylvev for anye thinge done contrarie 
 CONDEMYNED. to anyc ordynnance mayde or to be maide 
 
 That everie one so condemnnyde sliall paie or 
 
 28 they passe the prisone doore or ells their surety that answered for theym 
 excepte that upone consideracyone the Maiore and Bailifs taike two newe 
 surties that by theym be admytted to paie suche forfaiture at such daie or 
 daies as they Avill assygne but that not to be but upon a reasonable cause 
 thought by the Maiore and the twelf, and all suche sums of money as is 
 above saide to go to the mayntennance of the King's Chamber here. 
 
 Plow ALL FORFATORS Also it is agreed that all forfators done 
 
 AGAiNSTE THE againste the comon Ordy nuances that the one 
 
 Ordynnances shalbe half of the p'fette shall go to the Bailifs to 
 
 ORDERED paie the Kinge's rent. And the other half 
 
 to the cliambrelanes to spend to the Comone- 
 well for the Towne as they will answer at there accompte. And the 
 Chambrelanes shall give to other Serjeant jd. at ev'ry xxd. at they have 
 
 29 gotten by suche Ordynnance brekinge of the Sergeants or ether of them were 
 dilijent or gave the furst informacyone of anye suche offence Provydedo 
 all tymes that the Bailifs shall have no part of suche forfators afforesaid 
 excepte that they wooU levie the same or ells indever theym to ther best 
 to levie the same and also grante to the Maiore to levie the same. And 
 if they refuse suche forfaite to levie then the Maiore shall comande the 
 comonc Serjeante and the Chambrelanes to levie the same to the towne's 
 profet saving that the comone Sergeante shall have evere xxd. levying jd. 
 
 For Swynne that goos Also it is ordennyed and accustomed that 
 aboute. everie iiihabitor of this towne keape ther 
 
 Swynne w'thin ther owne grounde except they 
 be in presence of ther ownner or keaper, paine to loose for everie Swyne and 
 Pyge above a monthe olde ijd. so oft as they be sene or taken abroad and 
 
 30 prove faultie or defectyve theriri. Also it ys agreed and ordennyed that 
 the comone Sergeante shall goo unto the house of anye inhabitor of this 
 towne wher he can prove that anye of ther Swynne liathe done contrarie to 
 this ordynnance and taike stresse and praise theym, and if the owners come 
 
Municipal History. 
 
 55 
 
 not and borrowe suche stresse w'thin viij daies after then the Officers to sell 
 the said stresses so praysed and levie the forfatur or forfait thereof or js. 
 
 31 
 
 Fob, a Burgise to be Also it is Ordennyd and accustomed that 
 
 FREE FOR iijs. iiijd. if he yf any Burgyse taike a pn'tis for vij. yeres 
 BE vij. YERES BOND and after that sell the said P'ntice his yeres 
 
 PRENTICE. so that the maister and suche p'ntice will 
 
 sware upon a booke that suche p'tice was not 
 maide nor solde for hindring the towne's p'fet that then all suche p'ntices 
 so beinge ffeste p'ntice with a Burgise shalbe maid fre Burgise of this 
 towne for payement to the Bailifs for the towne's rent and profet iijs. 
 iiijd. and the ffees of the Courte to the Clarke, Bailiffs, Maior and 
 Serjeante. 
 
 The Bailefs shall not 
 
 BE ordered by the 
 
 Ma'r but by the Lawe 
 or the advise of the xii. 
 
 Also it is ordennyed and accustomed the that 
 Maiore shall not meddell with the Bailifes 
 office excepte to give them counsaile for the 
 towne's profet, and if the said Bailifes do 
 wronge to anye person the Maiore shall not 
 meddell but onlie by intreatie or else by order of the lawe, that is to sale if 
 the Bailifes dystrene any person or persons by ther bodies or goods and the 
 Maiore think the Bailife hath done wronge and will not be advysed and 
 ordered by the said Maiore's counsaile then the said Maiore shall gyve 
 owte his replev'n and taike surtie of the p'te grevid to answer to the lawe 
 in the saide towne, and if it be provyde by a queste or by the Maiore and 
 viij. of his xii. that is of his counseall that the Bailifes did wronge or that 
 ether of them did wronge and wold not be counsellyed by the Maiore to the 
 hindrance of the partie wronged and to the slandre that might growe or 
 dishonestye the more to the towne by suche unlawfull demeanor of office 
 then the said Maiore and Aldermen shall set a fyne on the said Bailife or 
 Bailifes that so offendethe according to the quantytye of ther evill demeanor 
 and that forfate the said Bailife shall accompt upon. 
 
 33 
 
 That the Chamberlanes 
 set vj. willowes aboute 
 
 Also it is ordynned and acccustomed that 
 evarie Cliamberlane shall in seasonable tyme 
 of the yeare set sixe willoughes at the leaste 
 on anye parte of the Comone grounde or 
 banks where they or anye of them thinke best and so enclose and keape 
 
 the COMMOtTE GROUNDE. 
 
56 
 
 The History of Hcdon. 
 
 them a year after that they be owte of office that cattail hurte them not and 
 if anye Chamberlane do not accordinge to ther ordynnance then he so 
 offendinge to forfaite xs. 
 
 That no Inhabitor keape 
 OPEN no Shop being a 
 34 Stranger but on the 
 Market day 
 
 Stranger upon paine of xxd. 
 
 Also it is Ordynned and accustomed that no 
 Lettister or other Artifycer or distant person 
 persons strangers keap no Shops open in tliis 
 Towne paine for everie suche offence xiid. 
 And that no Burgis lett anye Shop to anye 
 
 35 
 
 Also it is Ordynned and accustomed by 
 th'advise and consent of the Maiore and xii. 
 Burgises that in the tyme of sickness no in- 
 habitor within this liberty harbor nor loge nor 
 let no tenement to no person or persons for 
 doubte of sykenes and the infecting of this 
 Towne without the consent of the Maiore and 
 other of his Counsaile paine he or they so doeth the contrarie to forfate xls. 
 at the furst tyme, at the seconde tyme and punnyshemente at Maiores 
 dyscressyone. 
 
 that none within this 
 
 Towne in tyme of 
 sickness harbour nor let 
 
 NO HOUSE TO NO MAN PANE 
 of Xlbs. AT THE FURST 
 TYME 
 
 FOR PERSONS THAT DOTHE Also it is Ordcynncd that if ather Maiore or 
 OFFEND Bailifes or Aldermen for the Comon-welthe 
 
 take anye displeasure or maike excussione to 
 
 36 be done of anye person offending that suche offender shall not maike ende 
 nor agreement for suche offence but in compennye of them that taiketh 
 suche displeasure or by ther consent excepte specyall cause. 
 
 For going on Holyrud Also it is ordynned and accustomed that the 
 DAY INTO THE Fayr ^nd Maiorc and his xii. shall on Holeyrud daie 
 WAiTTiNG ON Mr. Maiore. whcu massc is done go into the ma'ket plaice 
 
 with ther beste apparrell and maike pro- 
 claymaycione to keape the King's peace and to occupie trew weights 
 
 37 and not to sell no deceytfull stofe and further the Maiore shall maike pro- 
 claymaycione that no telle shall be taiken for no waires boughte nor sold 
 that is under iijs. iiijd. value, and the Maiore and Aldermen w'the the xii. 
 shall have that daie everie one of them a man to waite on hym, and they 
 
Municipal History. 
 
 57 
 
 that maike defanlte in anye of these pointse excepte an excuse reasonable 
 showid to the Maiore at the nexte Courte shall loase xxd. 
 
 For to paie for vij. Also it is ordeynned, accustomed and agreed 
 
 38 FEET STANDING ON that everic man that hath a standing of vij. 
 
 HOLLYRUD-DAiE. footc on hollyrud daie except they be free shall 
 
 paye ijd. 
 
 For keaping the iiij keys Also it is ordennyed and accustomed that foure 
 OF the Treasores keys belonging to the treasore chaimbre shall 
 
 Chaimbre shall be one in the keaping of the Maiore, 
 
 another in the keaping of the Ci'owner, the 
 
 39 thyrde in the keaping of the Bailifes, the fourthe in the keaping of the 
 Church warden or wardens and no comone seal to be delyverede owte but 
 in the presence of the said officers or ther Deputies. And if the Maiore 
 thiuke neadfull he may lawfullie reffuse to sufFare such scale to passe till 
 he heare the raoste mynde of the Burgices. 
 
 the Maioe and Bailifks Also it is ordennyed and accustomed that the 
 to sesse pynse Maiore and Bailifes jointly sesse all fynes 
 
 and presentments in Sessiones and Sheryftones 
 
 40 if they canne agree together, and if not they shall call of the xii. suche 
 as be of the Maioi-es Counsell and if vij. agreys so to be fynned savinge 
 that if the Maiore and Bailifes can showe anye reasonable cause contrarie. 
 Then to taike th' advise of the Recorder. 
 
 Merohandrise to be sold Also it is Ordennyed and accustomed that no 
 TO THE Burgices and Shipeman being no Burgice of this Towne 
 
 InHABiTANTS that bringes anye fuell vitall and other 
 
 merchandrise to sell in this Boroughe and 
 hatlie lycens to sell within the Haven. That furste the Burgices and the 
 Inhabitors of this Towne shall be served before anye stranger, and the 
 Burgices and the Inhabitors of this towne be as readie to tayke and paie 
 as the Strangers. And that no suclie Shipeman Mastr owner, Mayn or 
 41 other officer do use them nor none of them contrarie to this Ordynnance 
 paine to loose the iiijth. part of so muche sylver as the}'' sell ther waire for 
 contrarie to this ordynnance. Provydied alwaies that if any suche waire 
 lye in this libertie over viij. dales unsolde that the owner of suche waire 
 
58 
 
 The History of Hedon. 
 
 and lie seike to the Maiore to knowe and he will cause his merchandrise 
 to be taken upp, and offer to the Maiore as lytle a pryce as he will sell 
 it to anye other person, and the Maiore refuse to taike it, then it shall 
 be lawfall for suche owner of merchandrise to seike his beste Chapeman 
 within a daie after and sell and delyver his merchandrise this ordynnance 
 notwithstanding. 
 
 For the cleansing the And also it is ordynned and accustomed that at 
 HiEWAiES such pryncipal dales as proclaymacyone hathe 
 
 bene maide in the name of the Maiore and 
 Bailifes to everie persone to dense ther highewaies againste ther grounde 
 at the Sergeante or Sergeantes shall goo into Saint Austyne waye and all 
 42 the waye betwixt the Northe Bridge and the Highe Bridge and into Maudy- 
 len Gate and Wyne Gate, and where they fynd anye of the saide waies 
 unclensyde except a lawful excuse to the Maiore notyfyed the Sergeante 
 shall goo to anye grounde of those yt hathe not clensyde ther wayes and 
 dystrene and taike for everie roude in defaulte ijd. The one halfe to the 
 Sergeant and the other halfe to the use of the Bailifes or Chamberlaines for 
 for the Townes profit. 
 
 An Ordynnance MAirE And also it is ordeynned, accustomed and 
 FOR xxl. WITH THE Maiore agreed in the tyme of John Cleveland, Maiore 
 TO HOLD IN HIS KEEPING the xii. daic of October, Anno Regno Phillipe 
 FOR THE TowNES USE. ct Mariac jirimo et secondo and by the advise 
 
 of til' Aldermen his brethren ; that everie 
 Maiore for hys tyme beyinge shall have in his handes during the tyme and 
 yere of hys Mairaltie twentye m'kes in m(mey to occupie and paie for the 
 Townes use and profet and to be countable of the same to the Towne at the 
 accompte daie before Michelmas, and also it is further agreed by the saide 
 Maiore and his brethren that all the overplus of money which the Council 
 42 shall have remayninge shall be bagged and seallyde with xii. sealis, and the 
 same to be put in sauf custodie where as the xii. of the Maiores Counsell 
 agree upon, and that Bagge in nowise to be opennyd without the xii. consent 
 or the most parte of them, and they to be at th'opennyiig of the said Bagge 
 on paine of forfaiture of x/^. to be levyed of the goods and cattail if suche 
 person or persons unto whom the same Bage is comytted in charge if that 
 they the keapors be found faultie in breaking open the same bag without th' 
 
Municipal History. 
 
 59 
 
 assent afforesaide, and the saide xZz. being forfaite if any suche be to go unto 
 the Townes use. 
 
 And also it is ordeynned accustomed and agreed by the Maiore and his 
 Councell and all the hole comon'ty of Burgesses that if anye freema' have 
 
 43 anye accyone againste anye forryner and the same putt to arbytremente and 
 agreed so that the sayd freman shall by no man'r of meanes defraude the 
 Towne but to pay yf the recon as a forryner's accyone. 
 
 An Ordynannance for Also it is ordenned, agreed and accustomed 
 Speaking of Slanderous by the full assent and consent of the Maiore 
 Reports as to Grants Bailifes, Burgesses and Comonaltie of this 
 AND CoMON Talk. borrowe that whatsoever burgis or other in- 
 
 habitor of this borrowe and Towne of Hedon 
 do make anye slanderous talke, yll report or bruit it before anie concerning 
 
 44 anie grant hertofore maid and granted or hereafter to be maid and granted 
 by the Maiore and the most p'te of the Maiores Counsell and cominaltie of 
 this saide Borrowe and Towne after that saide grant be passed and sealed 
 with the Comon Seale of this Towne that then anye person or persons so 
 offendinge, and the same offence be lawfully provd by the witness of two 
 or thre shall lose and forfaite for everie suche defalt to the Queen's ma'tie 
 Chamber here and her successors Fortie shillings and to suffer six daies 
 and nights imprisonment, and to be then clearly disfranchised of ther 
 liberties and freedomes of the said Borrowe. 
 
 An Ordye' for them Also it is agreed and acccustomed that when 
 
 WHICH be of the the Maiore and Bailifes be chosen that saide 
 
 Maiores Counsell. Maiore shall call unto the book eightene of the 
 
 said Burgesses w'ch were of the Maiores 
 Counsell before whereof the Aldermen to be of that number and everie 
 
 45 person or persons whosoever chosen to be of the saide counsell to stande and 
 then to taike his or their othes if he or they be p'sent or when they shall 
 be called thereunto or els to be set in prison untill he or they will be sworne 
 to his or their othe according to th'ancient and laudable custome of this 
 Borowe and to forfait Five Pounds to the Queues Chamber here enie one 
 so offendinge because he or they do refuse to taike his or ther Othes in 
 manner and forme as is aforesaide. 
 
The History of Hedon, 
 
 THE OTIIE OF THE ALD'RM'N. 
 You shall trewe Ald'rm'n be mayntaining in right to the uttermost of 
 yr power the causses of all orphanes and widows and all singular other 
 thinges belonging and w'ch shall beseame a good and trewe Alderma' to do 
 to the uttermost of yr power and knowledg and also to execute justice and 
 oppresse fellons and other malefactors and hurters of ye come'welth of th's 
 borough. So help, etc. 
 
 THE MAYORES OTHE OF HEADONE. 
 
 You shall trewlie for our Soverign Lord the Kinge, and for the Comone 
 Welthe of thys Boroughe occupie th'office of the Marualtie w't'in this said 
 Boroughe for this yere next ensewing and no wronge do nor suffar none to 
 be done so far as God shall gyve you leive and reason to avoyde it. Also 
 you shall trewlie execute Justice, and see kepte th'assysse of breade and aile 
 and indever y'rself to observe the Kinge's lawyeand the comone ordynnances 
 of this Boroughe not leting for meid nor dreade of anye p'sone, and never at 
 no tyme wylfullie hurte nor suffer no other to hurte the comone prof 't soffar as 
 you maie vv'tstande or let for anye maner p't or pleasure, and all frannchyises 
 and ffredomes granted by the Kinges graice or his noble p'genytors unto the 
 Maire, Bailyfes and Burgyes of this Boroughe you shall mainteyn, and all 
 other things that belongyth to the Maiore for to be done your shall on y'r 
 p'te do and mainteyne to y'r beste knowleige and power. So helpe you God 
 and holie dds and all the contents of that Booke. 
 
 THE CROWN NERS OTHE. 
 
 You shall dewlie and diligentlie occupie th'office of the Crownnershippe 
 for this yere next ffollowinge, you shall trewlie inquere of all those that shall 
 dye by annye misfortune w'tin the lybertie of this Towne app'teynninge to 
 yo'r office, and trewlie imppanell yr inqueste for inquirye of the troothe and 
 noo excessive devvtie nor extorcyone taike for the execattynge of yo'r said 
 office but as liathe beine accostomed to be tayken and accordinge to the 
 Statute. So help y'u God, etc. 
 
 THE BAILYFES OTHE. 
 
 You shall for our Sover'n Lorde the Kinge and for the Comone Welthe 
 of this Boroughe trewlie and dylygentlye occupie th'office of the Bailyfe 
 and no p'chyall p'tey taike nor wronge doD nor mainteyn nor knowe of no 
 
Municipal History. 
 
 61 
 
 luysordered p'sou w'tin this Boroughe do no Imrte to none of the Kinges 
 people but you shall at yo'r power and accordinge to justice doo punysh- 
 meiite of suche offenders and endev'r y'u too keape the Kinges peaice and 
 set to be keapte w'th all y'r power and you shall gather uppe all rentes and 
 duttit-s that ys assignned to you to gather in convenyent tymes to discharge 
 and keape harmles the inhabj^tants of this Boroughe frome all manner 
 wrongful! vexacyone for not paye'ng of suche dewte as fee farme as ys by 
 reasone of y'r office shoulde pale and trewlie make yr accomptes when you 
 be assigned by the Maiore of that the thinges that you be assigned to have 
 towarde paymente of suche dewties, and trewlie yelde to the Comonaltie all 
 that rent or ffee f amies that y'u be assigned for to paie further and all 
 ffranchyses and freedomes granted by the Kinge and his noble p'gyntors and 
 by his graice confyred you shall maynten to y'r power, and all other thinges 
 do trewlie as apperteyneth to the Builife's office w'th'n this libertie, So helpe 
 you God, etc. 
 
 THE OTHE OF THE XII. 
 You shalbe readie at all tymes upon suffycyent warnying for to waite 
 the Maiore (excepte a reasonable cause) and at all tymes ayde the Maiore 
 in executtinge of the Kings lawes comone ordynnances and suche other 
 things as he wold do by the Counsaill of the most p'te of the xii which be 
 of his Counsaill. And wher y'u or anye of you thinke neadfull to gyfe 
 the Maiore y'r beste counsaill And you shall not let for med nor dreade 
 to counsaill or showe the Maiore as y'u thinke should be necessarie for 
 the worshipe and comon welthe of this Boroughe. But ever at y'r power 
 maintein and do for the said comon welthe as y'u wolde for y'r owne 
 wyrshippe p'f't and honestie in everie behalfe and not comfourthe no 
 mysdoprers in keaping away ye Townes righte or the Churche righte nor 
 oth'r dewties at ys or shalbe ordan'de by a comone assent amongste the 
 moste of you for a good intent. And you shall dyligentlie helpe to maike 
 an ende of all varyanncies that y'u can knowe of betwixt neighbours in this 
 Boroughe and all ffrannchises and fredombes granted by o'r Soverigne 
 Lorde the Kinge or his noble p'genytors you shall maynteyne to y'r 
 power. So lielpe you God, etc. 
 
 THE OTHE FOR THE OHURCHEWARDINS. 
 
 You shall trewlie occupie the office of the Ghurchewardens, you shalbe 
 obedyent unto Mr. Maiore of this Boroughe and you shall see nothinge 
 
62 
 
 The History of Hedon, 
 
 perish w'ch belongeth unto the Churche that you maye amende, also you 
 shall trewlie gather all suche dewties as y'u shalbe charged w'h, and 
 trewlie accompte make of the same dutties when y'u shalbe by the said 
 Maiore therunto required. And all other thinges w'ch app'taynethe to 
 the Churchewardens to be done you shall do to yo'r power. So helpe y'u 
 God and holie doime. 
 
 THE CHAMB'RLEINS OTHE. 
 
 You shall well and trewlie occupie th'office of the Chamb'rleine you 
 shalbe obedyent and readie at Mr. Maiores commandment and the Bailifes 
 and to see the Townes money trewlie bestowed and a trewe accompte make 
 of the same when you shalbe therunto required by the Maiore and Bailifes, 
 and all other things that app'teynethe to yo'r office y'u shall trewlie doo. So 
 helpe you God, etc. 
 
 THE OTHE OF THE COMONE CLARK. 
 
 You shall dewlie and trewlie execute th'office of the Comone Clark for 
 this Boroughe you shall doo justice betewein pt'ie and pt'ie and all accyons 
 that come to your hands y'u shall enttarie and make owt your streytes of the 
 same. Y'u shalbe obedyent unto the Maiore of this Boroughe and to the 
 the Bailifes of the same, and you shall give due attenddance to everie 
 Mondaie Coiirte or other Courtes as you shoulde be assigned unto by the said 
 Maiore as Sessions Sheryftorns and Cyrciutes and all other things doo which 
 shall ap'teyne to that office dewlie and trewlie as neighe as God shall give 
 you graice to do. So helpe you God and holidom and all the contents of 
 that Booke.* 
 
 The Municipal Corporation Reform Act, passed in 1834,t 
 did not affect the Borough and Corporation of Hedon, but in the 
 year 1860, an important alteration in the constitution and the 
 local government of the Town was effected by the passing of an 
 
 • The < Serjants' Othe,' the < Attorney's Othe,' the * Constable's Othe,' the ' Burgise ' 
 Othe, the * Othe of the Klnge,' the ' Othe for the Sessions and Sheriftornes,' with the « charge 
 for the Cyrcuit' follow which (although highly interesting) are too lengthy to be introduced 
 here, 
 
 t 5 and 6 Wm. IV. Cap. 76. 
 
Municipal History. ^ 63 
 
 Act of Parliament,* which was obtained by the inhabitants of 
 Hedon for the regulation of the Municipal Corporation and 
 improvement of the Borough. 
 
 The statements set forth in the preamble of the Act, are 
 principally, that it is expedient that provision should be made 
 for altering the constitution of, and for regulating the body 
 politic and corporate, known by the name of Mayor, Bailife, and 
 Burgesses of the Borough of Hedon. That it is expedient to 
 abolish the exclusive magisterial jurisdiction of the Mayor and 
 Bailiffs ; the separate Court of Quarter Sessions ; and the 
 exemption of the Borough from County rates. That it is ex- 
 pedient also to abolish the tolls levied or claimed by the said 
 Mayor, Bailiffs and Burgesses ; and that provison should be 
 made for the better paving, cleansing, lighting, watching, 
 draining, regulating and improving the said Borough, and 
 for repairing the streets and highways within the same. 
 
 By this Act is enacted that all male persons being from time 
 to time inhabitant householders of the Borough of full age, and 
 having in respect of occupancy and rating, the qualifications 
 required for Burgesses by the Municipal Corporations Act, shall 
 henceforth for ever be one body, politic and corporate, in deed, 
 fact and name, and that that body politic shall be called the 
 Mayor, Aldermen, and Burgesses of the Borough of Hedon. 
 That the new Corporation shall have perpetual succession and 
 a Common Seal, and be for ever hereafter able and capable in 
 
 * 23 and 24 Vict. Cap. 31. 
 
64- Tfie History of Iledon. 
 
 law to have and exercise and do and suffer all the acts, powers, 
 authorities, immunities, and privileges, which are now held and 
 enjoyed, done and suffered by the several Boroughs and bodies 
 corporate named or referred to in the Municipal Corporations 
 Act ; and that all the powers and provisions by the General 
 Municipal Acts shall extend to the inhabitants of the Borough 
 of Hedon. It is also enacted that the Corporation shall consist 
 of a Mayor, three Aldermen, and nine Councillors, to be re- 
 spectively elected in the manner provided by the Municipal 
 Corporations' Act. That any person who shall be entitled to be 
 on the Burgess list of the Borough, may be elected an Alderman 
 or a Councillor, who shall be posssessed of a real or personal 
 estate to the amount, of five hundred pounds, or to be rated to 
 the relief of the poor upon an annual value of not less than Ten 
 Pounds. It is also by this Act declared that the Town Tolls 
 shall henceforth be extinguished and abolished, and the separate 
 Court of Quarter Sessions discontinued. That the Justices for 
 the East Kiding of the County of York shall exercise the 
 jurisdiction of Justices of the Peace for the Borough. And that 
 the Mayor for the time being and the ex-Mayor may act as 
 Justices of the Peace for the Borough. And it is also enacted 
 that the Borough shall henceforth become liable to County 
 rates. 
 
 The first election of Town Councillors under the Act took 
 place on 1st November, 1860, and on the 9th, three Aldermen 
 were elected and the Mayor chosen. 
 
Municipal History, 65 
 LIST OF MAYOES AND BAILIFFS. 
 
 The following is as accurate a list of the Mayors and Bailiffs 
 as can at this distance of time be furnished, compiled from the 
 Warburton papers in the Lansdowne collection in the British 
 Museum, and from the ancient and modern records of the 
 Corporation. 
 
 1350 
 
 EDWARD III. 
 
 Mayors. 
 
 1351 William Cleve 
 
 1352 Henry Taillar 
 
 1357 Henry Taillar 
 
 1366 Stephen de Burton 
 
 Bailiffs. 
 
 William de Burton 
 Stephanus de Burton 
 
 Joh'es son of Mathey 
 Robertus Day 
 
 Simon Maupas 
 John German 
 
 Stephen Goldman 
 John de Mersk 
 
 RICHARD 11. 
 
 1378 William de Cotes 
 1391 Johannis Frankis 
 
 John Frankis probably a wealthy merchant of Hedon made his will 
 dated 28th August, 1391. **Ego Johannes Frankys — sepeliendum in ecclesia 
 B. Augustini de Hedon — j zonam capellae S. Laurencii de Stanwyk, ad unum 
 calicem inde faciendum — pro factura camerae Sanctae Crucis de Hedon vj^. viijd. 
 fabricae ecclesige S. Aug., & ad unam campanam ecclesiae de Hedon cb. — Johanni 
 Thorp unum lectura, chaumpe de bloue, et pulverizatum cum rosis albis — Koberto 
 filio meo j lectum, chaumpe de bloue, et pulverizatum cum rosis albis et cuniculis. 
 CoDiciLLius. Lego Abbati et conventui de Thornton, Lincoln. Dioc. xl^ argenti, ad 
 
66 
 
 The History of Hedon. 
 
 fabricam et constructuram unius capellae B. Marise in eadem Abbathia ; sub tali 
 condicione, quod singulis diebus, imperpetuum, ad missam B.M. habeant animam 
 meam in memoria — Lego Hospitali de Newton duo ligna quercuia, jacentia ad 
 ostium domus meae apud Hedon, & duo monilia argenti deaurata, ad emendacionem 
 unius calicis ibidem — -Lego Abbati de Thornton unum Agnus Dei ornatum et 
 inclusum cum argento. [Prob. v Jan.] {Test. Ebor. Vol i., p. 161.) 
 
 1397 William de Cotes 
 
 1399 John Frankish William Boye 
 
 John Dandson 
 
 HENEY lY. 
 
 1401 Robert Wintryngham 
 
 - William de Merflete 
 
 1403 William de Cotes 
 
 1410 Eobert de Wyntryngham Thomas Palmer 
 
 - William de Merflete 
 
 HENRY Y. 
 
 1416 William Lacy 
 
 William Shaw 
 
 William Lacy was evidently a person of some importance at Hedon. By bis 
 will dated 20tli April, 1438, he directed his body " to bo buried in the Chapel of 
 St. Augustine, in Hedon. He mentions his cousins, John Sturmy ; William, son 
 of William Yveson and Isabel Esthorp, (John Sturmy was Mayor in 1462, 1463 
 and 1464). To Richard Lascy, clerk, his brother, (probably Vicar of Keyingham, 
 who died 1464-5) he leaves his 'best zone (girdle) harnest (trimmed or em- 
 broidered) with silver, and a covered cup of silver.' To John, his brother, he 
 leaves a gowne ' de ray,' striped * penulatum ' with anew hood ' de ray.' To John 
 Elwyn* a goblet of silver covered. To Beatrix, his wife, he leaves all his tene- 
 ments in Hedon." [Prob. 16 July, 1438]. (Test. Ebor. ii., 68, note.) 
 
 Beatrix, the widow of William Lacy, by her will dated 24th January, 1430, 
 amongst other bequests gave " to Johanni Benyngton de Hedon,t Willelmo Moles- 
 
 * Was an Alderman of Hedon and Mayor in 1451 and 1461. 
 t John Benyngton was an Alderman of Hedon. 
 
Municipal History. 
 
 67 
 
 croft* et Willelmo, Henrison de eaclem, Mesuagium in villa de Hedon in via Sancti 
 4iigustini pro imo annuali obitu in capella Sancti Aiignstini predicti, pro anima 
 niea et animabus Willelmi Lascy, nuper viri mei, Roberti Wyntryngham nuper 
 patris mei, et Katerinae nuper matris mea. — Kateringe, filise Adse Wyntryng- 
 ham de Hedon, unum par precularium argenti cam omnibus jocalibus per eas 
 pendentibiis. — Margaretas, nuper famulte Koberti Preston, unum zonam harnizatum 
 cum argento nuper Joliannis Preston, et unum par preclarium de curall cum 
 omnibus jocalibus per eas pendentibus. Beatrici fili^ Joliannis Benyngton 
 unum par precularium de gete cum annulis per eas pendentibus. — Willelmo 
 Benyngton unum ouche de auro. [Pr. 28 Feb. 1438-9.] {ihid. p. 68, 69). 
 
 The above names are all that can be gathered from the 
 grantmg of the Charter of 22nd Edward III., mitil 1446, when, 
 in the succeedmg years, the lists of Mayors and Bailiffs have 
 been more regularly preserved. 
 
 1418 Eobert Wyntryngham 
 
 Nicholas Kirkeby 
 William Barber 
 
 William Lacy 
 John Thorkleby 
 
 1419 Wilham de Merflete 
 
 HENKY VL 
 
 1447 
 
 144G 
 
 John Benington, It 
 (Re-elected 1447) 
 John Benington, 2 
 
 Richard Willerby 
 James Kettrel 
 
 William Bilton 
 William Roos 
 
 1449 
 
 1448 
 
 Richard Bolton, 1 
 (Re-elected 1449) 
 
 Richard Bolton, 2 
 
 John Elwine 
 
 Robert Benington 
 
 William Chapman 
 William Molescroft 
 
 * William Molescroft was one of the Bailiffs in 1449. 
 
 t These figures indicate the number of times the Mayor served the office. 
 
68 
 
 TJie History of Hedon. 
 
 1450 Kichard Willerby 
 
 1451 John Elwyn, 1 
 
 (Ee-elected 1461) 
 
 1454 William Bilton, 1 
 
 (Ke-elected 1455) 
 
 1455 William Bilton, 2 
 
 (Ee-elected 1456) 
 
 1456 William Bilton, 3 
 
 John March 
 Lawrence Barbour 
 
 John Sturmy 
 John Poller 
 
 John '■ 
 
 Eobert Benington 
 
 John Stnrmy 
 Eichard Wile 
 
 William Eoos 
 John Snawe 
 
 EDWAED lY. 
 
 1461 John Elwyn William Cromwell 
 
 John Parker 
 
 John Elwyn by his will dated 24:th November 14G5 gave as follows: "Lego 
 fabrica3 capellae S. Angustini de Hedon, tarn pro sepultnra mea, cpiam pro 
 ornacione pictiirge del reredose supra summum altare infra dictam capellam x^. 
 — Lego ad honorem Dei, Beatag Marias Virginis et Omnium Sanctorum, cantarise 
 B. Mar. Virg. de Preston, post decessum meum et Johannse uxoris mese, magnum 
 meum Portiforium. Capellas S. Aug. de Hedon unum librum vocatum Legenda 
 Sanctorum. Lego capellam de Hedon prodictse omnes libros meos Grammaticales, 
 tam in gubernacione Willelmi Paynetour capellani, qnain in cista mea existentes, 
 pro doctrina et reformacione puerorum ibidem addiscenlium in scola grammaticali 
 ibidem." {Test. Ebor. ii. p. 270). 
 
 From this it would appear that there was at this time a Grammar School at 
 Hedon. 
 
 1462 John Stnrmy, 1 Ealph Smith 
 (Ee-elected 1463 and 1464) John Porter 
 
 John Sturmy occupied a tenement joining tlie Sheriff Brig. 
 John Sturmy and William Billin were Keepers of the fabiic of St. Augustine's 
 Church, 32 Henry VI. 
 
Municipal History. 
 
 69 
 
 1463 John Sturmy, 2 
 
 (Ke-elected 1464) 
 
 1464 John Sturmy, 3 
 
 1465 Ealph Smith, 1 
 (Re-elected 1466 and 1467) 
 
 1466 Ralph Smith, 2 
 
 1467 Ralph Smith, 3 
 
 1468 John March, 1 
 
 (Re-elected 1469) 
 
 1469 John March, 2 
 
 1470 William Cromwell, 1 
 
 (Re-elected 1471) 
 
 1471 WilHam Cromwell, 2 
 
 1472 Thomas Barnard, 1 
 
 (Re-elected 1473) 
 
 William Furnas 
 Richard Merwyn 
 
 John March 
 William Longe 
 
 Robert Benington 
 John Barchard 
 
 John Snawe 
 Peter Watson 
 
 John Sharpe 
 William Durham 
 
 William Cromwell 
 John Johnson 
 
 William Furnas 
 Roger Merwyn 
 
 William Longe 
 Thomas Barnard 
 
 John Barchard 
 Thomas Benson 
 
 Peter Watson 
 Thomas Shawe 
 
 The Barnard family liarl been settled many years in this neiglibourhood, and 
 held lands in Hedon, Preston, and Burstwick in llolderness. In 24tli Edward I. 
 tlie King issued a writ directed to Tliomas de Weston, liis Bailiff of Holderness, 
 tliat as Tliomas de Normanville, late the King's Esclieator beyond the Trent, had by 
 the King's commands enclosed certain lands of divers persons in his Koyal Park 
 of Tottelay (in Ihirstwick) and to be made more certain of this he directs Thomas 
 de Weston to summon an inquest to assess upon oath both the quantity and valile of 
 lands with the name of each person to whom such lands belonged. The Jurors 
 summoned upon this inquest were Walter de Flinton, John de Fiteling, William 
 de Fosham, Kaljdi de Gloster, Henry de Wyveton, (Wyton) Ralph de Wellewyk, 
 Ricliard Gunny, Nicholas le Ward of Buiton, John de Kyhill, William de Furns, 
 
70 
 
 The History of Iledon. 
 
 Alan de Oyselem, and William de Camera of Holme, who say upon tlieir oaths 
 that the said Thomas de Normanville enclosed witliinthe park aforesaid 17 acres 
 and 11 perch (perticas) of arable land, the land of Lucie, daughter and heir of John 
 Bernard, worth in all its issues 9d. per acre, and the 11 perches in all its issues Jd." 
 ("Poulson's Historij of Holderness, vol. ii., p. ^52.) 
 
 "At a Court held at Hedon on the feast of St. Nicholas the Bishop, 6th Henry 
 V. (1419) the name of Hugh Bernard appears as one of the Inquest." (ib. p. 123) 
 Mr. Barnard was Mayor of Hedon ten times. A field near to the Railway Station 
 in the occupation of Mr. Daniel Smith still retains the name of ' Barnard Garth.' 
 
 1473 Thomas Barnard, 2 
 
 (Ee-elected 1478, 83, 4, 
 88-90, 2, 3) 
 
 1477 John Johnson 
 
 1478 Thomas Barnard, 3 
 
 1479 William Cromwell, 3 
 
 1480 John Sharp, 1 
 
 (Ke-elected 1481-85, 1, 
 and 91) 
 
 1481 John Sharp, 2 
 1483 Thomas Barnard, 4 
 
 John Snawe 
 Thomas Neleson 
 
 Thomas Benson 
 John Bartlemew 
 
 John Sharp 
 William Fryston 
 
 Peter Watson 
 John Smyth 
 
 William Furnas 
 Thomas Neleson 
 
 William Smith 
 Eobert Eichardson 
 
 John Barchard 
 Eobert Dunne 
 
 EICHAED III. 
 
 1484 Thomas Barnard, 5 Eobert Ingram 
 
 Thomas Wilson 
 
Municipal History. 
 
 71 
 
 1485 John Sharp, 3 
 
 Thomas Benson 
 John Bartlemew 
 
 HENKY VII. 
 
 1486 John Sharp, 4 
 
 1487 John Sharp, 5 
 
 Peter Watson 
 Eobert Boynton 
 
 John Smith 
 Peter Elwyn 
 
 Peter Elwyn (probably the son of John Elwyn mayor in 1461,) died in 
 1498 by his will he "desires to be buried in the cemetery of the chapel of 
 St. Augustine at Hedon. He leaves the residue of his estate to John Elwyn, and 
 he makes Sir John Norman ville, knight, and Sir Thomas Hobson, the chantry 
 priest of the church of All Saints at Preston, the supervisors of his will." {Test. 
 Ebor. vol. ii. p. 270, note.) 
 
 The title of Reverend as a prefix to the names of the clergy was not used 
 until comparatively speaking modern times, it is a title not recognised by any 
 law or canon and it was not until the latter part of the 17tli century that it 
 was applied generally to clergymen (N. and Q. 1st Series, vi. p. 246) down to 
 the latter part of the 16th century the title of the clergy was * Sir.' In the reign 
 of King James, the prefix was ' Master.' A few years ago it was decided by the 
 judicial committee of the Privy Council that 'Eev.' was not a peculiar title of office 
 or dignity but ofcourtesy applicable to those worthy of reverence. 
 
 1488 
 
 Thomas Barnard, G 
 
 Wilham Furnas 
 Eobert Hardie 
 
 John Barchard 
 WilHam Smith 
 
 Eobert Ingram 
 William Lonnd 
 
 1489 
 
 Thomas Barnard, 7 
 
 1490 
 
 Thomas Barnard, 8 
 
 1491 
 
 John Sharp, 6 
 
 Thomas Neleson 
 John Coling 
 
72 
 
 The History of Hedon. 
 
 1492 Thomas Barnard, 9 
 
 1493 Thomas Barnard, 10 
 
 1494 
 
 1495 
 
 1497 
 
 1498 
 
 John Smith, 1 
 Ke-elected (1495-6, 99) 
 
 John Smith, 2 
 
 1496 John Smith, 3 
 
 William Smith, 1 
 (Ee-elected 1498) 
 
 William Smith, 2 
 
 1499 John Smith, 4 
 
 1500 John Croftes, 1 
 
 (Ee-elected 1501-3) 
 
 Peter Watson 
 John Croftes 
 
 John Smith 
 John Donne 
 
 Peter Elwyn 
 William Watson 
 
 Kobert Hardie 
 John Wilson 
 
 William Smith 
 John Sawer 
 
 John Coleman 
 Thomas Skerne 
 
 John Croftes 
 Hugh Brice 
 
 Thomas Neleson 
 William Benewell 
 
 John Hyngerdby 
 William Hayman 
 
 John Croftes was a munificent merchant and Ship Owner at Hedon he 
 was the son of Thomas Croftes of Paull who by his will dated 6th of April 1493. 
 desired to be buried in the Church of the B.M. at Paull. To tlie fabric of that Church 
 he gave a Chalice or Cup. To the guild of the B.M. 2s. To the painting of the 
 image of the Holy Cross there 12d. To his son John a messuage at Paul-flete. 
 He had another son named Thomas (his wife's name was Agnes). John Croftes 
 made his will 23rd of August 1504. which was proved 8th of January 1505 ; 
 the will is in Latin ; he gives to his brother Thomas a messuage in Westgait 
 called Sheriff Brig house. To the Chapel of St. Augustine a close called Dane's 
 Close. The brother Thomas was a mariner at Hull by his will dated 15th 
 of February 1515 he directs to be buried in the ^ Sentuarie ' of Trinity Church. 
 He gave to Paull Church a olosse at Up-Paull and a garth in Saltcott-Marsh 
 * my best harness to Saynt George of Hull Churche. My whistyll to our lady of 
 ^ Paull.' {Test. Ebor. vol. iv. p. 230). 
 
Municipal History. 
 
 73 
 
 The Altar of St. George was a joint Altar of St. George and St. John 
 the Baptist, in Holy Trinity Church, Hull. The Merchant Gild of Kingston- 
 upon-Hull, established or re-established in 1499, was also known as the Gild 
 of St. George, part of the Subscriptions of which were allocated for the payment 
 of a daily mass at the above Altar between five and six every morning, {ex penes 
 Marmscn'jAo, Wildridge). 
 
 1501 John Croftes, 2 Kobert Mason 
 
 Henry Vipon 
 
 1502 John Croftes, 3 John Sawer 
 
 Eobert Awgrum 
 
 1503 John Croftes, 4 John Pinninge 
 
 Christopher Hewson 
 
 1504 William Haymor Thomas Steiixley 
 
 William Barnard 
 
 1505 William Barnard Henry Smyth 
 
 William Bparke 
 
 William Barnard was probably the son of Joiin Barnard before mentioned. 
 Towards the end of tlie 1 6th century the family appear to have migrated to 
 Hull for i!i 1602 a William Barnard was Mayor of that town. (Sheahan's 
 Hist, of Hull,, p. 2D8.) This ancient family is now represented by Mr. Charles 
 Edward Gee Barnard of Cave Castle in the East Riding of Yorkshire (Hall's 
 lli.^t. of Soath Cave p. 30). 
 
 1506 John Child, 1 John Burton 
 
 (Ee-elected 1511, 12) Thomas Hardie 
 
 1507 John Baildon, 1 John Elwyn 
 
 (Ee-elected 1513) John Eobinson 
 
 1508 John Pynninge, 1 Eobert Pynninge 
 
 (Ee-elected 1509) 
 
The History of Hedon. 
 
 HENEY VIII. 
 
 1509 John Pynninge, 2 Kobert Awgmm 
 
 Christopher Fisher 
 
 1510 William Sparkes, 1 Kichard Painter 
 
 (Ke-elected 1514, 15) Thomas Jackson 
 
 1511 John Child, 2 Henry Smyth 
 
 (Re-elected 1512) John Smyth 
 
 1512 John Child, 3 Thomas Hardie 
 
 William Roger 
 
 1513 John Baildon, 2 Thomas Jackson 
 
 1514 William Sparkes, 2 Christopher Fisher 
 
 Thomas Fewson 
 
 1515 William Sparkes 3 
 
 1516 John Elwyn, 1 Roger Bell 
 
 (Re-elected 1518) Thomas Hudson 
 
 John Elwyn was the son of Peter Elwyn who was a Bailiff in 1494. 
 
 1517 Thomas Pynninge Henry Smith 
 
 John Robinson 
 
 1518 John Elwyn, 2 Thomas Jackson 
 
 Robert Clapham 
 
 1519 Henry Smyth William Roger 
 
 John Anchon 
 
 1520 John Robinson, 1 John Horncliffe 
 
 (Re-elected 1528, 34) Charles Fisher 
 
 1521 Philip Miffin, 1 Anthony Kirby 
 
 (Re-elected 1525, 27, 31, Roger Bell 
 32, 36) 
 
Municipal History. 
 
 1522 John Horncliffe, 1 
 
 (Ke-elected 1523, 29, 30) 
 
 1523 John HorncHffe, 2 
 
 1525 Philip Miffin, 2 
 
 1526 Thomas Thowe 
 
 1527 PhiHp Miffin, 3 
 
 1528 John Kobinson, 2 
 
 1529 John Hornchffe, 3 
 
 1530 John Horndife, 4 
 
 1531 Phihp Miffin, 4 
 
 1532 Philip Miffin, 5 
 
 1533 John Cleveland, 1 
 
 (Ee-elected 1535, 37, 38,) 
 47, 54) 
 
 1534 John Kobinson, 3 
 
 1535 John Cleveland, 2 
 
 John Cleveland 
 George Chamberlaine 
 
 John Anchon 
 John Sparkes 
 
 William Thowe 
 John Sparke 
 
 Thomas Jackson 
 John Sparke 
 
 Koger Beale 
 John Cleveland 
 
 Koger Beale 
 John Cleveland 
 
 Koger Beale 
 John Cleveland 
 
 John Koos 
 George Scudamore 
 
 John Koos 
 George Wilkinson 
 
 George Wilkinson 
 John Walker 
 
 John Koss 
 George Scudamore 
 
 John Koos 
 Charles Cleveland 
 
 John Koos 
 Gerard Elwyn 
 
76 
 
 The History of Iledon. 
 
 1536 
 1537 
 1538 
 1539 
 1540 
 
 1541 
 1542 
 
 1543 
 
 1544 
 
 1545 
 1546 
 
 1547 
 
 Philip Miffin, 6 
 
 John Cleveland, 3 
 
 John Cleveland, 4 
 
 Patrick Thompson 
 
 Stephen Harrington, 1 • 
 (Re-elected 1541,45,46, 
 49, 51, 53, 55) 
 
 Stephen Harrington, 2 
 
 John Butler, 1 
 
 (Ee-elected 1550, 58, 60, 
 62,66, 71,76) 
 
 Richard Buller 
 
 Robert Swarke, 1 
 (Re-elected 1568) 
 
 Stephen Harrington, 3 
 Stephen Harrington, 4 
 
 John Roos 
 Richard Ingram 
 
 John Roos 
 
 Christopher Cleveland 
 
 Christopher Cleveland 
 Patrick Thompson 
 
 Stephen Harrington 
 John Buller 
 
 Robert Swacke 
 Richard Buller 
 
 John Jackson 
 John Cleveland 
 
 John Jackson 
 John Green 
 
 John Jackson 
 John Cleveland 
 
 John Cleveland 
 John Green 
 
 John Cleveland 
 John Bolton 
 Thomas Bolton 
 Robert Con 
 
 EDWARD VI. 
 
 John Cleveland, 5 Thomas Bolton 
 
 Henry Jackson 
 
 The first election of Members of Parliament for the Borough of Heclon 
 of which there is any authentic record took place this year, during the Mayoralty 
 of Mr. Cleveland, 18 October, 1547. 
 
Municipal History. 
 1548 Kobert Swarke, 2 
 
 77 
 
 1549 Stephen Harrington, 5 
 
 1550 John Bnller, 2 
 
 1551 Stephen Harrington, 6 
 
 1552 John Bnller, 3 
 
 General Election in March 1553. 
 
 John Jackson 
 Kobert Con 
 
 Thomas Bolton 
 Henry Jackson 
 
 Thomas Bolton 
 John Jackson 
 
 Thomas Bolton 
 John Jackson 
 
 Henry Jackson 
 John Sparke 
 
 PHILIP AND MAEY. 
 
 1553 Stephen Warrington, 7 
 
 1554 John Cleveland, G 
 
 Thomas Bolton 
 John Jackson 
 
 Eichard Thompson 
 Thomas Cooke 
 
 General Election 2nd A})ril, 1554. 
 
 Mr. John Cleveland died 13th June 1560, having served the office of 
 Mayor six times. 
 
 Richard Thompson was a Tailor at Hedon, and by his will dated 18th of 
 December 1565 he directs his body to be buried in St. Austen's Church yard. 
 He devises his house and shop to Katherine his wife for her life, and on her 
 decease to his daughter Beatrix Thompson absolutely. The witnesses to the 
 will are William Enderson, Balif, and Thomas Sadler, Glover. 
 
 1555 Stephen Harrington, 8 
 
 Percival Lowe 
 WiUiam Smith 
 
 General Election. 
 
 Mr. Harrington died 14th September. 
 
78 
 
 The History of Hedon. 
 
 On 11th August, 1 and 2 Philip and Mary, Percival Lowe had a distress made 
 upon him by one Gabrielle Dybeck, of Hull, for tolls for selling his goods in 
 Hull Market, and the matter having been referred to the Lord President and 
 Council, they determined, after examination of witnesses, that the Inhabitants of 
 Hedon should be Toll free at Hull. 
 
 1556 Henry Jackson Percival Lowe 
 
 Eoger Menythorpe 
 
 1557 William Smith, 1 John Sparke 
 
 (Ke-elected 1559) Eoger Menythorpe 
 
 General Election, 1557. 
 
 William Smith of Hedon, Gentleman, by his will, dated 19th July 1560, 
 directed his body to be buried in the Church of St. Austen in Hedon. He gave 
 the *' pore people of Hedon xiijs. iiijd. and to the church worke there xxs." He 
 also gave to " Rauf Constable of Sepulcars and my brother laben in token of 
 ray good will other of them, xxs." whom he made supervisors of his will. 
 (Acts and ordinances of the Corporation of Hedon.) 
 
 1558 John Buller, 4 John Sparke 
 
 Thomas Eichardson 
 
 ELIZABETH. 
 
 1559 William Smith, 2 John Ingram 
 
 Thomas Ballasis 
 
 1560 John Buller, 5 Thomas Eichardson 
 
 Thomas Cookman 
 
 1561 Thomas Eichardson, 1 Eobert Sadler 
 
 (Ee-elected 1565, 67) John Davyson 
 
 George Paynter, a Priest of Kingston-upon-Hull, by his will, dated 1st 
 January 1562, gave to the Corporation of Hedon, three houses in Sonter Gate 
 for tlie use of three poor men or women and endowed them with a weekly 
 payment, and coals and turves. (This bequest is more particularly mentioned 
 under the head of ' Charities ' post.) 
 
Municipal History. 
 
 79 
 
 1562 John Biiller, 6 
 
 General Election, 1562. 
 
 1563 Francis Fotherbie, 1 
 
 (Ke-elected 1570, 79) 
 
 1564 John Ingram 
 
 1565 Thomas Richardson, 2 
 
 1566 John Biiller, 7 
 
 1567 Thomas Richardson, 3 
 
 1568 Brian Headon, 1 
 
 (Re-elected 1574) 
 
 Robert Sadler 
 Richard Wells 
 
 William Jackson 
 William Enderson 
 
 Thomas Cooke 
 George Worlington 
 
 William Enderson 
 Ralph Achon 
 
 William Jackson 
 George Worlington 
 
 William Enderson 
 William Potter 
 
 William Jackson 
 George Worlington 
 
 Brian Headon, was the son of John Headon of Marton in Holderness 
 and his first wife was the daughter of Half Constable of St. Sepulchres, from 
 whom he was divorced. He married, secondly, Jane daughter of Sir "Ralph 
 EUerker, Knight, and thirdly, Helen, daughter of Robert Pickering of Flam- 
 borough (Poulson's Hist, of Holderness, vol. ii. p. 259) 
 
 1569 John Weighill, 1 WilHam Enderson 
 
 (Re-elected 1580, 81) William HorncMe 
 Francis Fotherbie, 2 
 
 1570 
 
 Thomas Cooke 
 George Worlington 
 
 At a Court liolden the 8th day of November, 1570, before Francis Fotherbie, 
 Maior of Hedon, Thomas Cook and George Worlington Balives, John Butler, 
 John Ingram, Brian Headon and John Elwine, Aldermen and Justices of the 
 peace within the liberties of the said towne, a com[)laint was beard that the Maior 
 and his brethien granted certain rates unlawfully. The most part of the 
 Committee however did think the same lawfully granted and did certify the 
 same by affixing their names and marks. 
 
80 TJie History of Hedon 
 
 1571 John Biiller, 8 
 
 William Jackson 
 Cuthbert Denton 
 
 Thomas Cooke 
 William Horncliffe 
 
 General Election, 1571. 
 
 1572 John Elwine 
 
 Mr. John Elwine died December IG, 1580. 
 General Election, 1572. 
 
 1573 John Knolles, 1 Cuthbert Denton 
 
 (Ke-elected 1575, 77, 82) Thomas Headon 
 
 1574 Brian Headon, 2 
 (Ke-elected 1576) 
 
 1755 John Knolles, 2 
 1576 John Duller, 9 
 
 William Pottes 
 Robert Douthwaite 
 
 William Horncliffe 
 Diehard Dracebridge 
 
 Thomas Cooke 
 William Pottes 
 
 Mr. John Bullei- died during his Mayoralty, 7th rel)ruary, 1577, and Brian 
 Headon was chosen in his stead. 
 
 Mr. Brian Headon died 7th February 1608. 
 
 1577 John Knolles, 3 
 
 1578 George Worlington 
 
 1579 Francis Fotherbie, 3 
 
 1580 John Weighell, 2 
 
 (De-elected 1581) 
 
 1581 John Weighell, 3 
 
 William Horncliffe 
 Dalph Wade 
 
 William Pottes 
 Diehard Dracebridge 
 
 Dobert Douthwaite 
 Dalph Wade 
 
 William Horncliffe 
 Thomas Kirkebie 
 
 Dobert Douthwaite 
 William Patricke 
 
Municipal History. 
 
 81 
 
 1582 John Knolles, 4 
 
 Mr. John Knolles died 23rd April, 1591, 
 
 1583 William Horncliffe 
 
 Cuthbert Denton 
 Leonard Brooklebank 
 
 Eobert Douthwaite 
 Leonard Brocklebank 
 
 In an Inquisition taken at York, 1613, William Horncliffe is described as 
 occupying a parcel of land at Hedon called * St. James's Chappel Garth.' 
 
 1584 Francis Newton 
 
 Peter Chapman 
 John Pottes 
 
 Mr. Francis Newton, Mayor, and Mr. William Horncliffe, Ex-Mayor, 
 attended Glover's Visitation. 
 
 1585 George Chapman, 1 
 
 (Ke-elected 1594, 1604) 
 
 1586 Thomas Kirkebie, 1 
 
 (Ee-elected 1596, 1608) 
 
 1587 Henry Mapleton 
 
 1588 John Pottes, 1 
 
 (Ee-elected 1597, 1609) 
 
 1589 Ealph Savage 
 
 Thomas Dixon 
 John Pinder 
 
 Eobert Douthwaite 
 John Kiplinge 
 
 Thomas Jackson 
 John Pinder 
 
 George Brocklebank 
 Thomas Bracebridge 
 
 John Pinder 
 Peter Chapman 
 Mr. Ealph Savage died 16th February, 1593. 
 
 1590 Eobert Douthwaite Thomas Jackson 
 
 Henry Stephenson 
 
 Mr. Eobert Douthwaite died 26th December, 1595. 
 
 1591 Henry Stephenson William Eussell 
 
 Thomas Fryth 
 
82 Tlie History of Hedon. 
 
 1592 Peter Chapman John Pinder 
 
 Thomas Jackson 
 
 1593 Thomas Frith George Merryman 
 
 John Twilton 
 
 A field on the west side of Middle Lane, now the property of Alderman 
 Beal, still retains the name of * Merryman^s Close.* 
 
 1594 George Chapman, 2 John Burstall 
 
 Kalph Barne 
 
 1595 William Eussell George Merryman 
 
 John Twilton 
 Mr. William Kussell died 24th October, 1602. 
 
 1596 Thomas Kirkebie, 2 John Burstall 
 
 Thomas Elyotson 
 
 1597 JohnPottes, 2 John Twilton 
 
 John Anderson 
 
 1598 Kalph Barne John Burstall 
 
 Thomas Elyotson 
 
 Mr. Kalph Barne died 4th May, 1618. 
 
 1599 Thomas Jackson John Pinder 
 
 John Anderson 
 
 Mr. Thomas Jackson died 26th February, 1617. 
 
 1600 John Twilton John Burstall 
 
 Thomas Elyotson 
 
 Mr. John Twilton died 26th August, 1604. 
 
 1601 John Burstall, 1 Eichard Collinson 
 
 (Ee-elected 1611) Jonathan Walker 
 
 1602 John Anderson, 1 John Pinder 
 
 (Re-elected 1612, 24) Christopher Jobson 
 
Municipal History. 
 JAMES I. 
 
 1603 Eichard Collinson George Merry man 
 
 Richard Bennington 
 Mr. Richard Collinson died 26tli September, 1611. 
 
 1604 George Chapman, 3 Henry Elvin 
 
 Eobert Waterhouse 
 
 Mr. George Chapman died 4th February, 1607. 
 
 1605 Christopher Jobson Thomas Burton 
 
 Richard Spink 
 
 Mr. Christopher Jobson died 2nd January, 1616. 
 
 1606 Henry Elvin Thomas Bracebridge 
 
 Robert Blanchard 
 
 Mr. Henry Elvin died 2nd April, 1613. 
 
 1607 John Finder Martin Wiggan 
 
 Richard Spink 
 
 1608 Thomas Kirkebie, 3 Robert Blanchard 
 
 William Grindell 
 
 1609 John Pottes, 3 Richard Spinke 
 
 Robert Keld 
 
 1610 Roland Bennington Robert Blanchard 
 
 William Grindell 
 
 1611 John Burstall, 2 Robert Brockes 
 
 Lancelot Jackson 
 
 Mr. John Burstall died 12th April, 1622. 
 
 1612 John Anderson, 2 Richard Spinke 
 
 Robert Keld 
 
 1613 Richard Spinke Lancelot Newton 
 
 William Ombler 
 
 Mr. Richard Spinke died 1st November, 1618. 
 
84 
 
 The History of Hedon. 
 
 1614 Kobert Brockes, 1 
 
 (Ke-elected 1625) 
 
 1615 Eobert Keld, 1 
 
 (Ee-elected 1642) 
 
 1616 Lancelot Newton 
 
 Mr. Lancelot Newton died 30th August, 
 
 1617 Lancelot Jackson, 1 
 
 (Ee-elected 1626,37) 
 
 1618 William Ombler, 1 
 
 (Ee-elected 1627, 38) 
 
 1619 Thomas Barton 
 
 1620 Thomas Eobinson 
 
 1621 Thomas Stephenson 
 
 1622 Elizeoiis Bonfrey, 1 
 
 (Ee-elected 1632) 
 
 1623 John Burstall, 1 
 
 (Ee-elected 1634) 
 
 1624 John Anderson, 3 
 
 Eobert Keld 
 Lancelot Jackson 
 
 William Ombler 
 Thomas Stephenson 
 
 Martin Wiggan 
 
 John Bracebridge 
 
 162: 
 
 William Ombler 
 Thomas Eobinson 
 
 Thomas Stephenson 
 William Walker 
 
 Thomas Eobinson 
 William Holme 
 
 William Walker 
 Elizeous Bonfrey 
 
 John Burstall 
 William Pottes 
 
 Leonard Collinson 
 William Lister 
 
 Martin Wiggan 
 William Burstall 
 
 William Lister 
 Thomas Savage 
 
 CHAELES 1. 
 
 1625 Eobert Brockes, 2 William Burstall 
 
 George Horsley 
 K. J. Dyer 
 
 Mr. Dyer was elected Bailiff in the stead of George Horsley, 27tli Mar., 1626. 
 
Municipal History. 
 
 85 
 
 1626 Lancelot Jackson, 2 
 
 1627 William Ombler, 2 
 
 1628 Thomas Kobinson, 1 
 
 (Ke-elected 1641) 
 
 1629 William Lister, 1 
 
 (Ee-elected 1639,51) 
 
 1630 William Burstall, 1 
 
 (Ee-elected 1643, 52) 
 
 William Lister 
 Thomas Savage 
 
 William Burstall 
 George Horsley 
 
 William Anderson 
 Eobert Liversedge 
 
 George Horsley 
 Thomas Burton 
 
 William Anderson 
 Eobert Liversedge 
 
 1631 Thomas Stephenson 
 
 1632 Elizeous Bonfrey, 2 
 
 Thomas Savage 
 George Horsley 
 
 William Walker 
 Eobert Liversedge 
 
 Mr. Elizeous Bonfrey died 5th November, 1636. 
 
 1633 William Anderson Thomas Burton 
 
 Eichard Southwike 
 
 Mr. William Anderson died 2ud June, 1645. 
 
 1634 John Burstall, 2 
 
 1635 WiUiam Pottes, 1 
 
 (Ee-elected 1644) 
 
 Thomas Savage 
 Eobert Liversedge 
 
 Thomas Burton 
 Eichard Southwike 
 
 An assessment was made, 3rd November, 1635, upon the County of York, 
 by Sir John Hotliam, Knight and Baronet, High Sheriff of the County, by virtue 
 of a writ to him, directed for the assessing of £12,000, upon the said County 
 as well Clergy as Laity, for the furnishing and providing two ships of 1,200 
 tons for his Majesty's service. 
 
86 
 
 TJie History of Hedon, 
 
 Corporations upon the Citie of York - _ _ _ £520 
 
 „ Pontefract 60 
 
 „ Headon 20 
 
 „ Kingston-upon-llull - - - - 140 
 
 „ Rippon - 40 
 
 „ Richmond ------ 50 
 
 „ Beverley ------ 50 
 
 „ Doncaster ------ 100 
 
 „ Leeds ------ 200 
 
 „ Scarborough - - _ _ - 30 
 
 Sum Total £1210 
 
 All the Mayors present, consenting, but Doncaster, who was absent. (Cart- 
 wright's Chapters of Yorkshire History.) 
 
 1636 Kobert Liversedge Thomas Savage 
 
 Nicholas Booker 
 
 Mr. Robert Liversedge died 30th July, 1645. 
 
 1637 Lancelot Jackson, 3 Eobert Keld 
 
 Robert Blanchard 
 
 Mr. Lancelot Jackson died 29th August, 1647. 
 
 1638 William Ombler, 3 Richard Soiithwike 
 
 Nicholas Booker 
 
 Thomas Burton 
 
 Mr. Ombler having died during his Mayoralty, Mr. Burton was chosen in 
 his stead. 
 
 1639 William Lister, 2 William Sagge 
 
 Richard Barne 
 
 Mr. Sagge was a woollen draper at Hedon. He gave £100 to the Corporation 
 and it is generally believed, that he gave three tenements in Baxter Gate for 
 the habitations of poor persons under the order and appointment of the Mayor. 
 These tenements afterwards became the property of the parish. 
 
Municipal History, 
 
 87 
 
 1640 Thomas Savage 
 
 1641 Thomas Kobinson 
 
 Eichard Southwicke 
 Eobert Ombler 
 
 WilHam Sagge 
 Eichard Barne 
 
 Eichard Southwicke 
 Eobert Ombler 
 
 Eobert Blanchard 
 Eichard Barne 
 
 Eobert Ombler 
 Eichard Southwicke 
 
 Mr. William Pottes died 2nd September, 1655. 
 
 1642 
 
 1643 
 
 1644 
 
 Eobert Keld, 2 
 William Burst all, 
 William Pottes, 2 
 
 1645 
 
 1646 
 
 1647 
 
 Eichard Southwicke, 1 
 (Ee-elected 1653, 61) 
 
 Eobert Ombler, 1 
 (Ee-elected 1655) 
 
 Eobert Blanchard, 1 
 (Ee-elected 1656) 
 
 On 7tli October, 1657, at the General Quarter Sessions of Oliver Cromwell, 
 Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, held before the Mayor, 
 Recorder, Aldermen and Bailiffs, Mr. Brian Gawtrie was presented for not 
 coming to the Church, for the public worship of God. {Corporation Records). 
 
 1648 Eichard Barne, 1 
 
 Eobert Blanchard 
 Eichard Barne 
 
 Henry Stringer 
 Henry Hodgson 
 
 Nathaniel Norris 
 Brian Gawtrie 
 
 1649 
 
 1650 
 
 (Ee-elected 1657) 
 
 Nathaniel Norris, 1 
 (Ee-elected 1658) 
 
 Henry Stringer 
 
 Henry Stringer 
 William Sagge 
 
 Brian Gawtrie 
 William Southwicke 
 
 John Kempe 
 Edward Collinson 
 
 An atrocious act of conspiracy, was committed at Hedon during this year ; 
 on 13th June, 1651, Articles were exhibited against Richard Pollard, 
 of Sepulchres, near Hedon, and against Godfrey Sommerset, of Milford : That 
 
88 
 
 The History of Hedon, 
 
 about the 14tli or 15th of February, the said Kichard Pollard did repair to 
 the house of Elizabeth Middleton, of Skidby, widow, late wife of William 
 Middleton, Gent., deceased, hee having a wife and many children, and did make 
 suite unto her by way of marriage, and affirmed that his wife was dead and 
 that he had only two sons ; And further affirmed that hee had £500 by the 
 yeare at Woodhall, neare Pomf reit ; and to persuade her thereunto being a stranger 
 to his estate, it was agreed that Sommerset should procure a man to represent 
 the person of Kichard Etherington, one of the Justices of the peace for the East 
 Eiding, a neare kinsman to the said Pollard, to satisfy her concerning the 
 reality of his estate, and that he was a widower and had noe wife. The said 
 Pollard hath got divers sums of moneyes of the said Mrs. Middleton upon loane, 
 she beleeving the premises to be true. And likewise hath counterfeited and 
 forged a deed from the said Mrs. Middleton to passe away and sell the estate 
 of the said Mrs. Middleton lying near Kippon, and sold the same. (Depositions 
 &c. from York Castle [Surtees Society, 1861.] p. 43.) The result of this case is 
 not known. 
 
 1651 William Lister, 3 William Southwicke 
 
 Eobert Barstall 
 
 Mr. Lister died 7th April, 1659. 
 
 1652 William Burst all, 3 Edward Collinson 
 
 John Claiton 
 
 1653 Richard Southwicke Robert Burstall 
 
 Elizeous Bonfrey 
 
 1654 Thomas Biirtou Edward Collinson 
 
 Brian Gawtrie 
 John Claiton 
 
 Mr. Edward Collinson having died during his year of office, Mr. John 
 Claiton was elected a Bailiff in his stead. 
 
 1655 Robert Ombler, 2 Robert Burstall 
 
 Elizeous Bonfrey 
 
 On 16th January, 1656, Ann Earle, the wife of George Earle, came before 
 Robert Ombler, Maiore of Hedon, and took her corporal oath that she is afraid of 
 Thomas Burton, Alderman, that he will doe her some bodily harme and that she 
 
Municipal History. 
 
 89 
 
 dare not goe about lier lawful occasions for feare of him and prayeth he may bo 
 bound over to the peace and appear at the next Sessions. {Corporation Eecords) 
 As no further mention is made of the case, it was probably settled before the next 
 Sessions. 
 
 There are amongst the records of the Corporation sevei-al instances of con- 
 victions for swearing. ''On 2 1st January, 165G, John Ward swore an oath 
 before Mr. Maiore, whicli was ' by God,' for which he is to pay iij^ iiij'^-j or els 
 sit in y® stocks 3 houres." 
 
 Mr. Ombler does not appear to have been popular daring his mayoralty, for 
 on 12th April, 1656, Thomas Cooke, of Hedon, upon oath justifying, stated that 
 Elizabetli Barber said that " Mr. Maiore (meaning Eobert Ombler, Alderman, 
 now Maiore of Hedon) is as arrant a knave as her husband (meaning Peter Barber) 
 or any of his kinn." Richard Harland on the same day being upon oath, saith 
 " that Elizabeth Barber, wife of Peter Barber, said this day that Mr. Maiore was 
 a beggarly fellow." On the 14th April, in the same year, the above named 
 Elizabetli Barber " came into open Sessions and did acknowledge upon her knees 
 that she was sorry for the words above saide, and did desire Mr. Maiore to forgive 
 her, and promised never to do the like again while she lives." 
 
 On tlie day of the Mayor choosing, 27th September, 1655, William Lister, 
 Esq., Alderman, was chosen Recorder ; John Thorpe and Henry Keld were 
 chosen Churchwardens; and Robert Cannam and Thomas Russell, Overseers of the 
 Poor. At this time the Corporation seem to have had the appointment of all 
 officials in the town, civil and ecclesiastical. 
 
 1656 Robert Blanchard, 2 John Claiton 
 
 Elizeons Bonfrey 
 
 Mr. Robert Blanchard died 12th June, 1661. 
 
 On 18th Febriiai-y, 1657, " Michael Hodgson being one of the Jury and did 
 not attend upon y^ foreman and the rest of the Jury to the verdick was drawne 
 upp, and being sent for did not come, he is with the consent of the rest of the 
 Jury fyned the sum of vj^. viij'i." (Bench Booh). 
 
 The following entry in tlie Bench Book has reference to a disputed right of 
 way in Twires Lane : 28tli February, 1657, whereas the way leading from 
 Elwin Bridge downe the lane called Twires Lane, has been diked up by y® said 
 
90 
 
 The History of Hedon. 
 
 tovvne of Hedon, only reserving a stile and footpath, and the said dike was thrown 
 down this da}^, se-night and William Robinson, Thomas Gresam, younger, and 
 William Wilson, Carrier, being set on work tliis day by the Towne, j^et not- 
 withstanding J. Johnson and many others to the number of 30 or 40 did 
 riotously and routously come thither and throw down the said dike." 
 
 At the Court of "the Keepers of y® liberty of England by authority of Par- 
 liament," holden at Hedon on Friday, 4th July, 1657, the two Bailiffs, John 
 Claiton and Elizeous Bonfrey, were with the consent of all the Burgesses of 
 Hedon then present, chosen Aldermen of the said Towne. 
 
 On 5th July, 1657, a dreadful fire broke out in the towne which destroyed 
 forty-two houses, the injury sustained by tlie inhabitants amounted to nearly 
 four thousand pounds. A brief was granted by Oliver Cromwell for the benefit 
 of the sufferers, their loss being certified by William Lord Strickland and other 
 persons of distinction. Many towns in the county contributed, but the amounts 
 (in consequence of the leaves being torn) are obliterated. Amongst the towns 
 contributing were Kingston-upon-Hull, Beverley, and Doncaster, also the Justices 
 for the East Biding at the Beverley Sessions. ' Given by the Publicke Treasury for 
 managing tlie business' Sir William Strickland, Mr. Tennison, a stranger, ' ould 
 Mr. Barnard, of Hull.' etc. 
 
 Mr. Robert Barne died 12th June, 1664. 
 
 "At the General Sessions of the Peace of Oliver, Lord Protector of the 
 Commonwealh of England, etc., holden here the 17th of October, 1657, William 
 Wise, Esq., Counsellor at Law, is elected Recorder of y® said Towne of Hedon, 
 etc., with the free and general consent of the Maiore and his brethren, and 
 was the same day sworne in open court." The same day " Mr. Recorder was 
 sworne Burgess and one of Mr. Maiore's Council." 
 
 In 1659, Mr. Robert Raikes of Hedon presented the following petition to 
 Parliament with reference to the unjust dealings of tlie two Corporations of Hull 
 and Hedon. 
 
 1657 Eichard Barne, 2 
 
 William Wells 
 William Eussell 
 
 1658 Nathaniel Norris, 2 
 
 John Claiton 
 Elizeous Bonfrey 
 
Municipal History. 
 
 91 
 
 " To the Right Honorable the Supreme Authority of the Nation, the Common 
 assembled in Parliament. 
 
 " The humble petition of Robert Ttaikes, of Headon, Gent. Humbly sheweth unto 
 your Honors that your petitioner having been at all times, and in all changes a constant 
 adherer to this present Parliament and Commonwealth, and by reason thereof 
 hath suffered and sustained great loss and damage in his estate, partly by reason 
 of his goods the soldiers under Lord Fairfax took, used and burned of your 
 petitioner's, both at Selby and Hull ; but more especially by the violent and 
 injust dealing of divers Malignants and Presbyterians in the town of Hull, 
 and the base carriage and continual injust and illegal vexations of the 
 Cavaliers and the drunken Aldermen of the town of Headon, these of Headon 
 having from time to time sought and laid wait for the life of your petitioner, and 
 many times not only driven his goods, but lamed and spoiled his goods so driven, 
 and in the night time broken his fences, stolen his goods, both cows and mare off 
 his ground, and being so stollen have laid actions on tliem, and forced extraordin- 
 ary and extrajudicial compositions, not granting any replevin for the goods so 
 surreptitiously stollen and taken ;uvay, threatening those that came to meat the 
 goods, seising and imprisoning of their persons, and milking the cows and spoiling 
 them, and countenancing tlie persons that so did ; Being a town guilty of sup- 
 posed murder, and of much bloodshed, rapine, spoil, and perverting of justice; 
 the magistrates drunken, idle and vicious persons, and all the Corporation for the 
 most part little better, being a nest of cavaliers, tinkers, drunken and malignant 
 men, as your petitioner doubteth not to make apparent to all the world, they 
 having been a long customed to much mischief, and likely they are to commit 
 more, threatning your petitioner they will make the town of Headon too hot for 
 him ; having, besides lying in wait to kill him, assaulted him in his own house, 
 wounded and beat him down in liis own court-yard with halberts, dragged out of 
 his own house-porch and all along to prison, refusing bail proffered by better men 
 than any of the drunken Aldermen his prosecutors, to the great hazard of his life, 
 as may more plainly and fully appear in a discourse called the Transcendant 
 vilany of Headon, as also by malicious Malignants and Presbyterians of Hidl, 
 who have by their clandestine dealing, and after by open force and combination, 
 without and against all law and ecpiity and good conscience, put your petitioner 
 out of a certain house-lease grant; d unto him formerly under the Hospital 
 Common Seal and the Master's hand, witnessed by the Mayor and Six Aldermen, 
 to his damage in his trade and calling to the value of three thousand pounds even 
 to his utter undoing. 
 
92 
 
 Tlie History of Hedon. 
 
 " May it therefore please your Honors, to refer your Petitioner to some 
 Committee, who may order the Justices, and others whom they think fit, in 
 the Country, to take the grievances aforesaid, into examination, that upon 
 enquiry, the honorable House may be certified in the truth of the premisses 
 and thereupon order relief to your petitioner as they shall see cause ; and your 
 petitioner doubteth not but to make apparent his wrongs aforesaid, and that the 
 Commonwealth will receive profit by examining the Charters of the town of Hull, 
 upon which yoiar Petitioner's lease is grounded, and so much land concealed, given 
 for the maintenance of the Block-houses, now a daily and great charge to the 
 Commonwealth ; but also a great deal of honour to yourselves, and security to the 
 country, in binding to the peace and good behaviour such idle and evil disposed 
 persons who shall appear guilty of such crimes, and also in restoring the oppressed 
 inhabitants into the freedom of the rest of the country, to be governed by the 
 Justices, and free from the vilanous extortions and oppressions of those vitious 
 and idle, drunken lewd people, the Mayor and Aldermen of Headon, who neither 
 know how to do right, nor able to satisfie for the wrongs and injustice they daily 
 commit. And your Petitioner, as formerly, shall be ever ready to serve you and 
 the Commonwealth with his life and estate, and shall ever pray for the continuance 
 of your health, and your increase of honor, etc." 
 
 Mr, Eobert Eaikes was the brother of Mr. Thomas Raikes, who was Ma^ or 
 of Hull at the time when King Charles I. was refused admission into that 
 town by the Governor, Sir John Hotham. Mr. Robert Raikes published a Pamphlet 
 in which the foregoing Petition is set forth, and in which he made a violent 
 attack upon the Mayor and Aldermen of Hedon, the Town Clerk (Mr. Samuel 
 Baines), and the various officials of the Corporation, charging them with injustice, 
 drunkenness, lewdness, and almost every other vice. 
 
 During the mayoralty of Mr. Bonfrey, viz., on 9th July, 1660, a singular 
 case came before him. " William Andrew, of Hedon, Glover, being brought before 
 Elizeous Bonfrey, maior of Hedon, etc., and being questioned and demanded by 
 the said Mr. Maior, concerning some words and scandalous speeches by him 
 y® said Andrew spoken against William Burstall, Alderman, Robert Burstall, 
 William Burstall and Ann Ombler. wife of Robert Ombler, all of Hedon aforesaid, 
 scandalizing and saying them to be witches and what he liad sworne being spoken 
 
 1659 Elizeous Bonfrey, 1 
 (Ee-elected 1668, 82) 
 
 Robert Burstall 
 William Denison 
 
Municipal History. 
 
 93 
 
 against them being saide these or the like words against them at Pattrington, on 
 Thursday last, and that they were to be brought to their trialls for it, hee the 
 said William Andrew, this day utterly denies before y^ said Mr. Maior that he 
 never uttered or spoke such words against them or any of them. 
 
 Jurors between y® parties, 
 William Sagg, Nicho. Booker, 
 
 Joseph Hobson, Jo. Denison, 
 
 Thos. Bracebridge, Willm. Ombler, 
 
 Thos. Wilson, Eichd. Tenison, 
 
 Jo. Ombler, cordr, Christr. Tilley, Geldr., 
 
 Matw. Hodgson, Thos. Wallas. 
 
 Sworne. 
 
 " At the next Court of our Sovraigne Lord Charles y« seconde by y® grace 
 of Grod, King of England, and holden here on Monday the 16th day of July, in 
 ye first year of his said Majestie's raigne, 1660, before Elizeous Bonfrey, Maior 
 of the said Towne, Robert Burstall, one of y^Bayliffs there, and William Sagg, 
 deputy for William Denison, another of y^ Bayliffs there. Robert Burstall against 
 William Andrew in an action of defam. dam. 50Z. Pleydges for the Pit. 
 
 a ye Def* is in prison who being brought forth doth acknowledge that he 
 hath done y« P^' wrong and that liee is sorry for it and is desirous that hee may 
 have such corporall punishment as y® Court and the P^* shall think good by 
 stocking whipping and acknowleging his fault publickly on the cross in the 
 Market Place of Hedon y« next Saturday, July y^ 30th, 1660. The deft ^fore- 
 saide did openly acknowledge his fault toe y^ pi* and Rich. Dunn in his owne 
 person on his knees. 
 
 1660 William Davison, 1 Brian Gawtrie 
 
 (Ke-elected 1675, 84, 85) William Eussell 
 
 1661 Kichard Sonthwicke, 3 William Burstall 
 
 William Ombler 
 
 In 1662, King Cliarles II. sent John Hotham, Robert Hildyard, Thomas 
 IJebblethwaite, M. Warton and T. Jenkins, who were nominated Commissioners 
 under an Act, for well ordering and regulating Corporations, then lately 
 passed, who thought projier in an arbitrary manner to remove William Davison, 
 
94 
 
 TJie History of Hedon. 
 
 Alderman, and Samuel Baines, Town Clerk, from their respective offices, and 
 in like manner to continue Kicliard South wicke, as Mayor, William Wise, 
 Eecorder, Eobert Blanchard, Eichard Barne, Elizeous Bonfrey, and Eobert 
 Burstall, as Aldermen, and appointed William Burstall and William Ombler, 
 the new Bailiffs, and Aquila Stephenson, Town clerk. 
 
 Mr. Samuel Baines, the Town Clerk, took an active part in the town and 
 neighbourhood, during the exciting times of the inter-regnum, and comes in 
 for no small share of abuse from Mr. Eaikes in his pamphlet, wherein he is 
 described as a "keeper of unlicensed tippling houses, selling ale contrary to the 
 Statute." In 1667, Mr. Baines issued at Hedon, a trade token, having on the 
 obverse the device of a Sun, with the inscription, ' Sam veil Baines of ' and on 
 the reverse, ' Headon neer Hull, 1667. his half-peny.' 
 
 Eaines's Halfpenny. 
 
 Mr. Baines was appointed Town Clerk of Hedon, 1654. 
 
 In the same year (1662) Eobert Keld became bound in a recognizance with 
 sureties, not to dress or suffer any flesh to be eaten in his house during Lent. 
 
 1662 Eobert Burstall, 1 John Towle 
 
 (Ee-elected 1673) John Watson 
 
 During this year an order was made by the Corporation that no inhabitant 
 of Hedon except a freeman or Burgess should make barley into malt. 
 
 1663 William Burstall, 1 Joseph Hobson 
 
 (Ee-elected 1671, 2) Eobert Fairbarne 
 
 Mr. Fairbarne would possibly be the son or nephew of William Fairbarne, 
 of Waxholme in Holderness, yeoman,' whose will, dated 19th March, 1656, was 
 proved 26th December, 1657, amongst other legacies the testator gave to his 
 
Municipal History. 
 
 95 
 
 daughter Frances, wife of Kichard Coates, of Tunstall, Gierke, £10. He appointed 
 David Liddell, rector of Halsham, and Henry Latheley, vicar of Hollim, super- 
 visors of his will. (Abstracts of Yorkshire Wills, p. 116.) 
 
 1664 Nicholas Booker, 1 John Watson 
 
 (Ee-elected 1680, 1) WilKam Levett 
 
 1665 William Towle Kobert Almoner 
 
 Kobert Ombler 
 
 Mr. William Towle died 1st May, 1679. 
 
 1666 Richard Barne John Kitchen 
 
 John Watson 
 
 At this time there had been some litigation between Lord Dunbar, the Lord 
 Paramount, and the Corporation of Hedon with reference to his manorial rights. 
 The controversy ended in a compromise, the Corporation having to pay a portion 
 of Lord Dunbar's costs as appears from an order in the Bench Book 27th October 
 1666, whereby it was agreed that the Maior and his council and certain Alder- 
 men should enter into a bond to Lord John Constable, Lord Dunbar, in the sum 
 of three score pounds beside cliarges of the Exchequer Court then commenced by 
 the said Lord against the said towne, and likewise it was ordered that the said 
 parties above mentioned should have for their security three grass closes leased 
 unto them under the Common Seal of the said towne. 
 
 1667 William Ombler John Towle 
 
 Robert Ombler 
 
 Robert Fairbarne 
 
 Mr. William Ouibler died during his mayoralty, 3rd May, 1668, and Mr. 
 Robert Fairbarne was elected in his stead. 
 
 1668 Elizeous Bonfrey, 2 Richard Barne 
 
 Robert Bnrstall 
 
 1669 John Ombler 
 
 Mr. John Ombler died 15th April, 1679. The names of the Mayor and 
 Bailiffs for the year 1670 are missing, and also those of the Bailiffs for the next 
 six years. 
 
96 
 
 The History of Hedon. 
 
 1671 William Biirstall, 2 
 
 1672 William Burstall, 3 
 
 Mr. William Bnrstall died 2nd May, 1675. 
 
 1673 Kobert Bnrstall, 2 
 
 Mr. Robert Bnrstall died 23rd May, 1680. 
 
 1674 John Brongh 
 
 Alderman Brongh married, in 1696, the danghter and heiress of Edward 
 Trnelove, of Eovvlston, from Avhom the Eowlston Estate dcj^cended to the present 
 owner, Lient. Colonel Haworth Booth, of Rowlston and Hnll Bank Hall. Mr. 
 
 The names of the Mayors and Bailiffs for tlie next two years are missing. 
 
 (Ee-elected 1688, 1703) William Milner 
 1680 Nicholas Booker, 2 
 
 At this time the Town Hall was on the Market Hill. In a deed dated 6th 
 Angnst, 20 Charles II., a messuage and premises thereby conveyed are described 
 as ^ situate lying and being in a certain place called the old Market Hill on the 
 north side of the Towne Hall.' 
 
 1681 Nicholas Booker, 3 
 
 Mr. Nicholas Booker died 22nd September, 1693. 
 
 1682 Elizeons Bonfrey, 3 John Barker 
 
 Brongh died 23rd February, 1700. 
 
 1675 W^ilham Davison, 2 
 
 1676 William Baines, 1 
 
 (Re-elected 1686) 
 
 1679 Lanrence Cockerill, 1 
 
 John Barker 
 
 William Milner 
 
 Mr. Elizeons Bonfrey died 22nd September, 1695. 
 
 1683 Hngh Bethell 
 
 Francis Bring 
 John Bnrstall 
 
Mimicipal History. 97 
 
 1684 William Davison, 3 Thomas Procter 
 
 William Milner 
 
 JAMES II. 
 
 1685 William Davison, 4 Thomas Procter 
 
 William Milner 
 
 1686 William Baines, 2 
 
 Mr. William Baines died 3 1st October, 1690. Sir Charles Duncumbe, M.P., 
 gave a set of Bells to the church and £50 in money. 
 
 There is a gap in the list of Mayors and Bailiffs from 1686 
 
 to 1698. It appears from the Charter, 1 James II., (1685) that 
 
 the following persons were then Aldermen, viz., Nicholas 
 
 Booker, Matthew Burgh, William Davison, William Baines, 
 
 Eobert Omblfer, John Brough, Laurence Cockerill, Elizeous 
 
 Bonfrey, Eichard Barne and William Towle. It is probable that 
 
 these Aldermen would serve the office of Mayor in turn. It is 
 
 clear from the Corporation records that Laurence Cockerill was 
 
 Mayor in 1688, and Thomas Eimmington in 1695. 
 
 1688 Laurence Cockerill, 2 William Milner 
 
 Francis Dring 
 
 WILLIAM III. 
 
 1695 Thomas Eimmington Eichard Vipont 
 
 Eobert Keld 
 
 The present Town Hall was built by Mr. Henry Guy, M.P. in 1698. 
 
 1699 Eobert Ombler, 1 
 
 (Ee-elected 1700) 
 
 1700 Eobert Ombler, 2 
 
 Mr. Robert Ombler died 1st. September, 1707. 
 
98 
 
 The History of lie don. 
 
 1701 Christopher Walker, 1 Richard Yipont 
 
 (Ee-elected 1710, 19, 27) Francis Newton 
 
 1702 Matthew Burgh Samuel Watson 
 
 John Ombler 
 Mr, Matthew Biirgli died IGth December, 1709. 
 
 1703 Laurence Cockerill, 3 Eichard Yipont 
 
 Richard Garton 
 
 Mr. Laurence Cockerill died 23rd May, 1712. 
 
 1704 William Burstall, 1 Robert Keld 
 
 (Re-elected 1712) Joseph Burstall 
 
 1705 Samuel Y^atson, 1 Francis Bring 
 
 (Re-elected 1714, 23, 29, George Newmarch 
 37, 46) 
 
 1706 Nathaniel Bring, 1 Thomas Harrison 
 
 (Re-elected 1716) Christopher Ruston 
 
 1707 Henry Waterland, 1 
 
 (Re-elected 1717, 22, 33, 38, 43, 51, 59) 
 
 Mr. Waterland was an Attorney-at-law at Hedon. He was the son of the 
 Eev. Henry Waterland, Kector of Walesby, Lincolnsliire,and Brother to theKev. 
 Daniel Waterland, D.D., Chancellor of the Cathedral of York, who as an author 
 was principally distinguished for his standard work on * The Vindication of the 
 Holy Trinity.' Mr. Henry Waterland married the daughter of Alderman Baines 
 He died 20th September, 1766, aged 93, and was buried in the South transept of 
 the Church. 
 
 1708 John Barker Joseph Green 
 
 George Wright 
 
 1709 Leonard Burgh George Newmarch 
 
 William Cussons 
 
 Mr. Leonard Burgh died 15th May, 1720. 
 
Mimicipal History. 
 
 99 
 
 1710 Christopher Walker, 2 
 
 1711 Eichard Gar ton 
 
 1712 WilKam Bnrstall, 2 
 
 1713 Joseph Green 
 
 1714 Samuel Watson, 2 
 
 1715 Leonard Collinson 
 
 1716 Nathaniel Dring, 2 
 
 David Logan 
 William Pearson 
 
 Thomas Harrison 
 Francis Walker 
 
 George Wright 
 David Logan 
 
 Leonard Collinson 
 Edward Thewles 
 
 Francis Hill 
 Phillip Beedall 
 
 Eichard Power 
 William Tock 
 
 William Cussons 
 Phillip Beedall 
 William Pearson 
 
 Mr. Cussoiis died soon after he was elected a Bailiff, and on the 26th Novem- 
 ber, 1716, William Pearson was chosen in his stead. 
 
 1717 Henry W^aterland, 2 
 
 1718 Leonard Bnr<>h 
 
 Thomas Eobinson 
 Francis Moor 
 
 Thomas Harrison 
 Francis Hill 
 
 1719 Christopher Walker, 3 Benjamin Gorwood 
 
 1720 Eichard Garton 
 
 Phillip Beedall 
 
 Eichard Tower 
 Francis Moor 
 
 Mr. Richard Garton died 10th June, 1725. 
 
 1721 Francis Walker Benjamin Gorwood 
 
 Samuel Watson 
 
 Mr. Francis Walker died 12th November, 1727. 
 
1 00 
 
 The History of Hedon. 
 
 1722 Henry Waterland, 3 
 
 1723 Samuel Watson, 2 
 
 1724 Joseph Green, 1 
 
 (Ee-elected 1734) 
 
 1725 George Wright, 1 
 
 (Re-elected 1735) 
 
 1726 John Barker 
 
 1727 Christopher Walker, 4 
 
 1728 Stephen Reed, 1 
 
 (Re-elected 1736, 44, 53. 
 61) 
 
 172Q S amuel Watson, 3 
 
 1730 John Pudsey 
 
 1731 John Watson 
 
 1732 Thomas Towle 
 
 1733 rienry Waterland, 4 
 
 Thomas Eobinson 
 John Pudsey 
 
 Richard Tower 
 Philip Beedall 
 
 Stephen Reed 
 Robert Barker 
 
 John Dring 
 John Barker 
 
 John Worlington 
 John Moor 
 
 Benjamin Smithers 
 William Watson 
 
 John Watson 
 Thomas Towle 
 
 Robert Barker 
 William Tock 
 
 Benjamin Smithers 
 Robert Keld 
 
 Robert Ruston 
 John Moor 
 
 John Worlington 
 John Dailes 
 
 Waite Walker 
 Francis Moor 
 
 During Mr. Waterland's Mayoralty, James Frith the Sergeant-at-Mace had 
 a clotli cloak with silver trimmings bouglit by the Corporation. 
 
 Robert Barker 
 Benjamin Smithers 
 
 1734 Joseph Green, 2 
 
Municipal History, 
 
 101 
 
 This year Mr. Eobert Burstall was chosen warden of tlie company of Shoe- 
 makers, Christopher Webber was chosen Warden of the com[)any of Hammermen, 
 and Thomas Wright was chosen Warden of the company of Taylors. 
 
 1735 George Wright, 2 John Worlmgton 
 
 John Dales 
 
 1736 Stephen Eeed, 2 William Took 
 
 Robert Ruston 
 
 1737 Samuel Watson, 4 William Dales 
 
 Peter Took 
 
 The Hon. Henry Pnlteney, one of tlie Members of Parliament for the 
 Borough, was elected Mayor, but he did not appear. Mr. Samuel Watson was 
 therefore elected. 
 
 1738 Henry Waterland, 5 John Moor 
 
 John Walker 
 
 1739 John Watson, 1 WilHam Took 
 
 (Re-elected 1747, 57) William Shackles 
 
 Mr. George Berkeley, one of the Members of Parliament for the Borough, 
 gave this year £65 to the Corporation to build a keel or boat, to contain Fifty 
 quarters of corn and to trade with for the benefit of the Borough. 
 
 1740 Thomas Towle, 1 Robert Ruston 
 
 (Re-elected 1748, 54, 60) Francis Moor 
 
 1741 John Pudsey, 1 Peter Tock 
 
 (Re-elected 1749, 55) William Beadell 
 
 Amongst the disbursements by Mr. Pudsey during his Mayoralty is the item, 
 * Cooks i3nd Spit-turners, £2.' 
 
 1742 George Wright, 3 William Shackles 
 
 (Re-elected 1750, 57) William Burgh 
 
 1743 Henry Waterland, 6 Peter Tock 
 
 William Beadell 
 
 The Corporation received of Mr. Vane, Mr. Anson, Sir Reginald Graham, Mr. 
 Emerson, and Mr. Chambers £115 10. 0., for their freedom, being 21 guineas each. 
 
Tlie History of Iledon. 
 
 1744 Stephen I^eed, 3 William Blount 
 
 (lie-elected 1753) William Shackles 
 
 On 22iid November, 1744, ' Mr. Jacob Dawson, 'J'own Clerk, was paid half a 
 yeai 's s ilir}^ due at Michaelmas 1744, £1 10 0.' lie was buried at St. Mary's, 
 T.ow-ate, Feb. 12, 1749— Sykes's Extracts from the l^egister of St. Mary's, Hull,'' 
 }'o;7.'.--. Arelt. Journal, xii., p, 478. 
 
 1745 William Bargh 1 Waite Walker 
 
 (Ke-elected 1756, 03) Kobert Ivuston 
 
 174G Samuel W^atson, 5 Pennock AVard 
 
 John Chambers 
 
 Ml". Samuel Watson, who was Mayor five times, died 15th June, 175G. 
 
 Mr, Pennock Ward was, afterwards, ap})ointed Town Clerk of the Borough. 
 He w.is the son of the Eev. William Ward, Head Master of the Free School at 
 Ijuvri'lev, and Ijccturer at St. Mary's Church in that town. — Nichols's Illustrations 
 of IJtcrdtnre, xii., p. 510. He died in 1754. 
 
 1747 John Watson, 2 Waite Yv^aiker 
 
 William Beadell 
 
 1748 Thomas Towle 2 Peter Tock 
 
 Eobert Ruston 
 
 This was the year of the Cattle Plague. No Fairs were held, and Thomas 
 Kobinson, who was lessee of the Tolls> had half a years' rent allowed. 
 
 1749 John Pudsey, 2 Pennock Ward 
 
 Thomas Bring 
 
 1750 George Wright, 3 John Farbridge 
 
 Peter Tock 
 
 1751 Henry W^aterland, 7 Benjamin Gorwood 
 
 John Chambers 
 Thomas Barker 
 
 Mr. John Chambeis died soon after his election and Mr. Thomas Barker was, 
 on 2ntl January, 1752, chosen in his stead. The payment of 3/- a month to the 
 widows in the three Alms Houses bewm. 
 
Municipal History. 
 
 103 
 
 Charles Saunders, Esq., paid, on being admitted a freeman, 21 guineas to the 
 Corporation. 
 
 1752 William Beadell, 1 John Farbridge 
 
 (Ke-elected 1770) Eichard Jackson 
 
 1753 Stephen Eeed, 4 Francis Moor 
 
 Waite Walker 
 
 1754 Thomas Towle, 3 Thomas Barker 
 
 William Thorpe 
 
 1755 John Pitdsey, 3 Francis Moor 
 
 Thomas Dring 
 
 Mr. John Pudsey died 14th April, 1760. Mr. Caleb Marshall was at this time 
 Town Clerk. His salary was £3 a year. 
 
 1756 William Burgh, 2 Kobert Knston 
 
 Richard Jackson 
 
 1757 John Watson, 3 John Farbridge 
 George Wright, 4 Waite Walker 
 
 Mr. John Watson died during his Mayoralty, 2nd February, 1758, and Mr. 
 Georo'e Wrio-ht was chosen in his stead. 
 
 1758 John Farbridge, 1 Thomas Dring 
 
 (Ee-elected 17G1, 65) Richard Fearne 
 
 1759 Henry Waterland, 8 William Thorpe 
 
 Edward Collinson 
 
 Mr. Henry Waterland, who held the office of Mayor eight times, died on the 
 20th September, 1766. In this year Mr. Bonfrey was presented for killing a Bull 
 unbaited. 
 
 1760 Thomas Towle, 4 Waite Walker 
 
 Thomas Dring 
 
 1761 Stephen Reed, 5 Richard Fearne 
 John Farbridge, 2 Edward Collinson 
 
 Mr. Stephen Reed died lot June, 1762, during his Mayoralty and Mr. John 
 Farbridge was chosen in hisstead. 
 
104 
 
 The History of Ilcdon. 
 
 1762 Waite Walker George Hornby 
 
 Thomas Eobinson 
 
 Mr Waite Walker died 28tli July, IKu , and was buried at Hedoii. 
 
 1763 William Burgh 3 Kichard Jackson 
 
 Nicholas Dring 
 
 1764 William Thorpe 1 John Beaclell 
 
 (Ee-elected 1772) Thomas Eobinson, Jmir. 
 
 1765 John Farbridge 3 John Thorpe 
 
 Edward Collinson 
 
 Mr. William Iveson of Hedon, Attorney-at-law, was admitted to liis freedom 
 on payment of £20. 
 
 1766 Thomas Towle 5 William Iveson 
 
 William Dring 
 
 1767 William Iveson 1 Eobert Clifford 
 
 (Ee-elected 1773, 80) John Owbridge 
 
 Mr. William Iveson was originally a Clerk in the office of Mr. Henry Water- 
 land, Attorney-at-law, and on the death of Mr. Waterland, succeeded to his practice 
 he died of dropsy 6th February, 1786, aged 56, and was buried at Hedon. 
 
 1768 Edward Collinson 1 John Bedell 
 
 (Ee-elected 1775) Nicholas Dring 
 
 Sir Cliarles Saunders, M.P., presented the Corporation with £50. 
 
 1769 John Bedell 1 Eichard Webster 
 (Ee-elected 1785, 94, 1805) Thomas Clappinson 
 
 1770 William Beadell 2 Eichard Jackson 
 
 Eobert Clifford 
 
 On 19th August, 1771, Thomas Young, of Preston, was presented for not 
 giving notice to the Mayor of the delivery of a Keel load of Coals at Preston Stakes. 
 The Mayor of Hedon was entitled to a met of Coals from every vsssel which dis- 
 chargod a Cargo of Coals in tlie Haven. This custom was observed, and the 
 
Municipal Histoi^y. 105 
 
 Mayor regularly received his met of Coals until about the year 1860, when the 
 custom was discontinued. 
 
 1771 George Hornby Thomas Eobinson 
 
 Thomas Clappinson 
 
 1772 William Thorpe, 2 Nicholas Dring 
 
 Kichard Webster 
 
 Mr. William Thorpe died of the palsy, 31st January, 1780. 
 
 1773 Wilham Iveson, 2 John Walker 
 
 Eobert Clifford 
 
 1774 Thomas Towle, 6 Nicholas Dring 
 
 John Thorpe 
 
 Mr. Thomas Towle died of a dropsy, 30th January, 1778, aged 78. 
 
 1775 Edward Collinson, 2 Eichard Webster 
 
 Thomas Clappinson 
 
 Mr. Edward CoUinson died lOtli October, 1779, of a fever, aged 71. 
 
 1776 John Thorpe, 1 Francis Jackson 
 
 (Ee-elected 1786, 1800.) Barrington Webster 
 
 1777 Bielby Thompson, 1 Eichard Jackson 
 
 (Ee-elected 1787) Eichard Webster 
 
 Mr. Bielby Thompson was at this time one of the representatives in Parlia- 
 ment for Hcdon. 
 
 1778 Eichard Jackson, 1 Barrington Webster 
 
 (Ee-elected 1793) Daniel John Eoydhouse 
 
 1779 Eobert Clifford John Wadman 
 
 William Day 
 
 1780 William Iveson, 3 Eichard Webster 
 
 Francis Vickerman 
 
 Mr. William Iveson died 4th February, 1786. 
 
 On 10th October, 1780, Timothy Sagg, of Hedon, Butcher, died aged 100 years. 
 
106 
 
 7 lie History of Iledon. 
 
 Thomas Bring 
 
 1781 Eichard Webster, 1 
 
 (Ke-elected 1790) Benjamin Bedell 
 
 On 5th August, 1782, Hannah Batty, widow, ' had the misfortune to be 
 drowned in a place called Stock well, aged 61.' — Parish Register. 
 
 1782 
 
 1783 
 
 1784 
 
 1785 
 
 1786 
 
 1787 
 
 1788 
 
 Nicholas Bring, 1 
 (Ke-elected 1795, 1809.) 
 
 John Wadman, 1 
 (Ke-elected 1796.) 
 
 John Bnrstall, 1 
 
 (Ke-elected 1791, 1802.) 
 
 John Bedell, 2 
 John Thorpe, 2 
 Bielby Thompson, 2 
 
 John Webster 
 John Bnrstall 
 
 Francis Yickerman 
 Kobert Webster 
 
 William Bay 
 Benjamin Bedell 
 
 Thomas Brown 
 Thomas Hornby 
 
 Francis Yickerman 
 William Day 
 
 Benjamin Bedell 
 Matthew Ellis 
 
 William Iveson 
 John Taylor 
 
 Francis Yickerman 
 William Day 
 
 Thomas Hornby, 1 
 (Ke-elected 1797, 1808) 
 
 1789 William Iveson, 1 
 
 (Ke-elected 1798, 1806, 
 1815, 18, 26, 32, 37.) 
 
 Mr. Williaui Iveson was the son of Al lermiu William Iveson ; he was an 
 einiiiont meinber of the legal profession. He was a member of the Corporation 
 upwards of 55 years and eight times served the office of Mayor, and his influence 
 during the period tliat Iledon returned Members to Parliament is said to have been 
 very considerable. Mr. Iveson contributed largely to the improvement of the 
 Town and to the welfare of his fellow-townsmen. He died universally respected, on 
 17th May, 1813, in the 80th year of his age, and was buried in the South Tran- 
 sept of the Church, on the East side. 
 
 1790 Kichard Webster, 2 Thomas Brown 
 
 Thomas Dring 
 
Municipal History. . 107 
 
 At the jNIayor clioosing, 29th Se|>temher, 1790, Mr. Thomas Harland was 
 Town Clerk. 
 
 1791 John Biirstall, 2 William Day 
 
 John Taylor 
 
 On 27th October, 1791, Mr. Joseph Garforth was appointed Town Clerk, on 
 the resignation of Mr. Thomas Harland, at a salary of £6 a year. 
 
 1792 William Day, 1 Francis Yickerman 
 (Ke-elected 1801, 10, 19, 27.) Thomas Leak 
 
 1793 Eichard Jackson, 2 Henry Wilson 
 
 John Webster 
 
 1794 John Bedell, 3 Matthew Ellis 
 
 John Hansley 
 
 1795 Nicholas Dring, 2 Francis Yickerman 
 
 James Iveson 
 
 1796 John Wadman, 2 John Taylor 
 
 Thomas Jackson 
 
 Mr. Jolm Wadman died 14th December, 1813. 
 
 1797 Thomas Hornby, 2 Thomas Leak 
 
 James Iveson 
 
 1798 William Iveson, 2 Thomas Dring 
 
 John Taylor 
 
 1799 James I/eson Thomas Brown 
 
 Matthew ElHs 
 
 Alderman James Ivenon was the younger son of William Iveson, who was 
 an Alderman of Hedon, and served the office of Mayor in the years 1767, 1773, 
 and 1780. He died (ith October, 1850. 
 
 1800 John Thorpe, 8 John Taylor 
 
 John Robinson 
 
 25tli Novem])er, 1800, Mr. Thomas Everitt Mestaer was made a freeman of 
 the Borough on payment of 100 guineas to the Corporation. 
 
108 
 
 The Histoy^y of Hedon. 
 
 1801 William Day, 2 Thomas Dring 
 
 Matthew Ellis 
 
 8tli Febriiaiy, 1802, Mr. Raiidle Jackson was admitted to the freedom of the 
 Borough on payment of 100 guineas. Previous to the Parliamentary Election, 
 which took place 5th July, 1802, Loi-d C.irrington and his three brothers, George 
 Smith, Samuel Smith, and John Smith, together with Mr Thomas Thompson, as 
 an introduction to the Borough, purchased their freedom for 500 guineas. 
 
 1802 John Burst all, 3 John Taylor 
 
 John Robinson 
 
 l\Ir. Jolin Burstall died 8th February, 1807. 
 
 1803 John Taylor, 1 Thomas Dring 
 
 (Re-elected 1813, 22.) Matthew Ellis 
 
 On 6th October, 1803, the Roman Catholic Chai)el lately erected was certified 
 as a place of religious worship, Kev. Joseph Swinburne, Priest. 
 
 1804 John Robinson, 1 Thomas Brown 
 
 (Re-elected 1815.) Henry Wilson 
 
 On 18th September, 1805, at a meeting of the Mayor, Aldermen, and Baililfs, the 
 following agreement was made "At this meeting it is agreed to make the following 
 exchange with Mr. Alderman Iveson, viz : * The Corporation give to Mr. Iveson a 
 piece of ground now covered with water being part of the old Haven, beginning 
 at the road near the Mill and extending westward along the north side of a piece 
 of ground of Mr. Iveson's which adjoins the Navigation together with the right of 
 road at all times over the Corporation waste to the Nortli side of the same 
 l)iece of ground as as far Mrs. Porter's gate, in exchange for a piece of ground be- 
 longing to j\Ir. Iveson, lying intermixed in the Corporation waste on the East side 
 of the same road, near the IMill and lying between the Mill, and the Navigation 
 whicli last mentioned piece of ground jMr. Iveson gives the Corporation in excliangc 
 for tlie said first mentioned piece of ground.'" The piece of ground given to 
 Mr. Iveson in exchange is the ground now called Water Garth, which was pur- 
 chased by tlie Commissioners of the Haven from the Assignees of Mr. Iveson about 
 the year 1836. 
 
 At the same meeting it was also agreed ' That the Corpoiation build a Granary 
 upon the Navigation bank, at the end of ^Irs. Porter's horiso, and let tlie same to 
 Thomas Taylor upon a lease for 21 years, he paying the Coi poi at i»,n for i cnt £7 10. 
 
Municipal History. lOQ 
 
 per cent per annum, upon the money which the building shall cost, and a ground 
 vent to be hcreaftor fixed.' 
 
 1805 John Bedell, 4 Thomas Dring 
 
 Thomas Jackson 
 
 Mr. Jolm Bedell died on the 30th November, 1810. 
 
 Dtli July, 180'j, Mr. Edward Ombler and Mr. Albany Savile were admitted to 
 the freedom of the liorougli on payment of 100 guineas each to the Corporation. 
 
 25th October, 1806, Mr. Antliony Browne was made a free Burgess on 
 payment of 100 guineas to the Corporation. 
 
 180G William Iveson, 3 Thomas Brown 
 
 George Hewson 
 
 1807 Thomas Dring Matthew ElHs 
 
 Thomas Jackson 
 
 jMr. Thomas Dring died 12th May, 1S38. 
 
 1808 Thomas Hornby, 3 Edward Ombler 
 
 George Webster 
 
 Mr. Thomas Hornby died 17th October, 1809. 
 
 On 18tli January, 1809, Alderman James Iveson was appointed Town Clerk 
 on the resignation of Mr. Joseph G-arforth. 
 
 1809 Nicholas Dring, 3 Thomas Jackson 
 
 Henry Hansley 
 
 Mr. Nicholas Dring died 5tli October, 1810. 
 
 1810 William Day, 3 John Burstall 
 
 David Grice 
 
 1811 Henry Hansley, 1 Thomas Taylor 
 
 (Ee-elected 1820.) John Soutter 
 
 At a meeting of the Corporation, held 14th August, 1812, it was resolved 
 'That tlie pensions to the widows' houses be augmented from 3/- to 12/- a month? 
 to commence from the first day of September.' 
 
 It was also resolved 'That houses be provided for the accommodation of eight 
 old Burgesses, that £200 out of the Corporation stock, in addition to £200 offered 
 
no The History of Hedon. 
 
 by tlie representatives in Tarlianient, be employed for tliat purpose; that an 
 annual allowance of Goals or .Aloney be also given to eacli hjuse out of the Corpor- 
 ation stock,' and ' That the Mayor and Bailiffs for the time being together with 
 Aldermen llansley, Taylor, and Kobinson, carry this resolution into effect and 
 witli the rest of the Aldermen form a regulation as to the future management of 
 the Houses.' Tiie representatives in Parliament for the Borough, at this time, were 
 Mr. George Johnstone and Mr. Anthony Browne who paid £100 each towards the 
 cost of the building. The total cost of the eiglit houses was £o71 4. 11. 
 
 1813 John Taylor, 2 Kobert Clifford 
 
 John Canham Day 
 
 2Gth November, 1813, John Broadhurst, Esq., was admitted a free Burgess on 
 payment of 200 guineas to the Corporation, and was elected M. P. for the Borough* 
 
 1814 Kobert Clifford George Webster 
 
 ^ John Eobinson 
 
 Mr. liobert Clifford was a Surgeon at Patriugton. He died 29th November, 
 1829, and was buried at Hedon, in the South Ti ansept of the Church. 
 
 1815 John :Kobinson, 2 John Taylor 
 William Iveson, 5 John Hornby 
 
 Mr. John Eobinson died 7th December, 1815. Mr. Alderman William Iveson 
 was, on 14tli December, 1815, elected Mayor in his stead. 
 
 1816 John Hornby, 1 Joseph Kobinson 
 
 (Ke-elected 1824, 31, 56.) Charles Gibson 
 
 IGth July, 1B17, Edmund Turton, Esq., of Larpool Hall, was admitted a 
 freeiuan on payment of 200 guineas to the Corporation. 
 
 1817 John Soutter, 1 Joseph Kobinson 
 
 (Ke-elected 1827.) Thomas Taylor 
 
 15th January, 1818, Col. John Paillie was admitted a free Burgess on l^ay- 
 nient of 2('0 guineas to the Corporation. 
 
 1818 William Iveson, 4 Thomas Taylor 
 
 Joseph Kobinson 
 
 On 22nd January, 1818, a resolution was jiassed by the Corporation allowing 
 flO a year for feasts. 
 
Municipal History. 
 
 Ill 
 
 16tli June, 1818, Kobert Farrand, Esq., was admitted a freeman on payment of 
 200 guineas to the Corporation. 
 
 1819 William Day, 4 Thomas Jackson 
 
 Joseph Eobinson 
 
 William Kates was on 13th April, 1820, appointed Serjeant-at-Mace when a 
 new suit of clothes and a hat were provided for him. 
 
 1820 Hemy Haiisley, 2 Thomas Hoe, Junr. 
 
 Joseph Eobinson 
 
 Mr. Henry Hansley died on 3Lst August, 1833. 
 
 1821 Edward Ombler, 2 Thomas Taylor 
 
 Joseph Eobinson 
 
 1822 John Taylor, 3 Thomas Jackson 
 
 Charles Gibson 
 
 Mr John Taylor died on the lOtli June, 1835. 
 
 1823 Joseph Eobinson, 1 John Canham Day 
 
 John Taylor, Junr. 
 
 1824 John Hornby, 2 Charles Gibson 
 
 George Sawyer 
 
 1825 George Sawyer Eichard Iveson 
 
 James Matthews 
 
 Mr. Sawyer was a Surgeon at Hcdon. He purchased his freedom of the 
 Boi-ough, for the purpose of becoming a member of the Corporation, on 15th July, 
 1824, for which he paid 200 guineas. He built the houses and shops on the East 
 side of the Market Place and the North side of Swinegate ; he caused the name of 
 the latter street to be changed to George Street. He resigned as Alderman 16th 
 September, 1848. 
 
 29th March, 1826, Thomas Hyde Villiers, Esq., was admitted a freeman on 
 payment of 200 guineas to the Corporation. The last contested Parliamentary 
 Election took place on 12th June, 1826, when Messrs. Baillie and Villiers were 
 returned. 
 
 182G William Iveson, 6 Charles Gibson 
 
 John Taylor, Junr. 
 
112 
 
 The History of He don. 
 
 1827 William Day, 5 Thomas Taylor 
 John Soiitter Eichard Iveson 
 
 Ml-. William Day died dnringliis IMayoralty, on 2Dd October, 1827, and Mr. 
 Alderiiiaii Soutter was elected in his stead. 
 
 1828 Thomas Taylor, 1 Charles Gibson 
 
 (Ee-elected 1833.) James Soutter 
 
 1829 Joseph Kobinson, 2 Eichard Iveson 
 (Ee-elected 1834, 40, 45, 52) John Taylor 
 
 25tli July, 1830, Sir Thomas Aston Clifford Constahie, Bart., of Bnrtoii 
 Constable, was admitted a free Burgess of the Borough on payment of 200 guineas 
 to the Corporation. 
 
 On 29th October, 1830, a portion of the Corporation property in the Westlands 
 and Far Bunk was sold to the Trustees of the Hedon and Hull New Koad, The 
 portion in Westlands for £200 an acre, and the Far Bank £100 an acre, 
 
 1830 Eichard Iveson, 1 Charles Gibson 
 
 (Ee-elected 1835, 41.) Thomas Hoe 
 
 It was during the Mayoralty of Mr. Eichard Iveson on 30th April, 1831, that 
 the last Election of Members of Parliament took place at Hedon. The Members 
 returned (without a contest) were Sir Thomas Aston Clifford Constable, Bart., and 
 Eobert Farrand, Esq. 
 
 1831 John Hornby, 3 John Taylor 
 
 James Watson^enwick 
 
 1832 William Iveson, 7 James Matthews 
 
 Arthur Iveson 
 Thomas Hoe 
 
 Mr.' James Matthews died 11th April, 1833. Mr. Thomas Hoe was on 6th May 
 chosen Bailiff in his stead. 
 
 On 29tli Ai)ril, 1833, the old School on the Market Hill was pulled down and 
 the materials, together with £40, were voted by the Corporation for building the 
 National School, and £10 a year was voted towards the salary of the School Mistress, 
 reserving the light of the Corpc]"ati(n to send Twenty-foiir poor children to tlie 
 School free. 
 
Municipal History. 
 
 113 
 
 1833 Thomas Taylor, 2 Thomas Eggleston 
 
 George Iveson 
 
 Mr. Thomas Taylor died lOfcli August, 1839. 
 
 1834 Joseph Eohmson, 2 John Taylor 
 
 Arthur Iveson 
 
 The Turnpike road from Hull to Hedou was completed and opened for traffic. 
 
 1835 Eichard Iveson, 2 Arthur Iveson 
 
 Eobert Leak 
 
 On 5t]i November, 1835, the Corporation resolved to erect the Weighing 
 Engine at the Haven side. 
 
 1836 Arthur Iveson, 1 Eobert Leak 
 
 (Ee-elected 1842, 47, 48.) George Taylor 
 
 Ou 13th November, 183(3, the (Jorporation resolved to abolish the Tolls on all 
 Cattle coming to the fortnightly Markets, 
 
 1837 WilHam Iveson, 8 John Taylor 
 
 William Day 
 
 Mr. William Iveson die.l 21st May, 1843. 
 
 At the Geuorjil Quarter Sessions held on 19th October, 1837, a bill of Indict- 
 meut was prepared and found by the Grand Jury against Mr. Henry Cautley on 
 tiui pruseciitioii of Kobert Kyme for Pound breach. Robert Kyme was bound 
 in recognizance to appear at the next Sessions to prosecute and give evidence 
 u[)on the trial of the Indictm-out, and Thomas Nelthorpe and Henrj' Wallis were 
 bound in recognizances to give evidence. 
 
 At the Genei-al Quarter Sessions held ith January, 1838, Mr. llenry Cautley, 
 ao-ainst whom a bill of Indictment was found, at the last Court, for Pound breach 
 having satisfied the prosecutor, was not bound in recognizance to appear and 
 answer; the recognizances of Robert Kyme, Thomas Nelthor[)e, and Henry 
 Wallis were tlien discharged. 
 
 1838 John Taylor Eobert Leak 
 
 William Day 
 
 Mr. John Taylor died 5th April, 18()1. 
 
 1839 Eobert Leak, 1 Benjamin Iveson 
 
 (Ee-elected 1845, 55.) Francis Thorpe Webster 
 
11-^ 
 
 7 lie History of Ilcdon. 
 
 At ;i uicctiiig of the Corporation held 24th Fehruar^-, 3S-10, it was resolved 
 'That ail exchaiiiie be made with Alderman James Ivesoii that lie <2;ive to the 
 Corporation his Garth on the North Side of Ivy Lane, containing 1 a, 1 r, 33 p, 
 and tliat the Corporation give to him the same cpiantity of land on the 
 East Side of the close on the North Side of the same Lane, now ocenpied by 
 Nicholas Eobiiison, the fence on the West Side of the land so given to Mr. James 
 Iveson to be effectually made by the Corporation and to be aftei wards repaired by 
 Mr. James Ivcsoii, and the footpath now crossing the land so given to Mr. Iveson 
 to be moved further Westward, upon the land of the Corporation. Tliat tlie cost 
 of the exchange be borne between the parties, and the town's rent now jjaid for 
 James Iveson's Garth be shifted to the land he takes in exchange.' 
 
 On 22nd June, 1840, the Corporation resolved 'That it is expedient and 
 beneficial to the working of the bi'ick-yard, let to George Taylor, and for the 
 accommodation of the trade of the Port, to build two houses on the bank adjunct 
 to the east end of the close now let to George Taylor. Two cottages were 
 accordingly built at a cost of £150, and let to Mr. George Taylor on a lease for 
 ^even years, at ayearl}^ rent of £10. 
 
 1840 Joseph Eobinson, 3 George Taylor 
 
 John Day 
 
 1841 Eichard Iveson, 3 James Soutter 
 
 WillKim Day 
 
 Mr. Kicliard lv(>son'died 20th October, 1853. 
 
 1842 Arthur Iveson, 2 John Day 
 
 James Soutter 
 
 1843 John Day, 1 Thomas Hoe 
 
 (Ee-elected 1850, 1858.) Benjamm Iveson 
 
 On 28th Se[)tember, 1843, the Corporation voted £30 towards refurnishing 
 the (;hancel of tlie Church. 
 
 1844 Eobert Leak, 2 Thomas Eggleston 
 
 William Day 
 
 The Corporation on the 4tli April, 1845, voted one hundred guineas towards 
 building a ball-room in Town Hall garden. 
 
Mimicvpal History. 
 
 115 
 
 1845 Joseph Eobinson, 4 Benjamin Iveson 
 
 George Taylor 
 
 1846 James Soiitter, 1 George Taylor 
 (Ke-elected 1852, 57, 62, 69.) William Day 
 
 Mr. James Soutter was tlio son of Alderman John Soiitter. 
 
 On 8tli x\})ril, 18i7, the first sitting of the County Court of Yorkshire, was 
 lield in tlie Town Hall, before William Eaines, Esq., Judge. 
 
 1847 Arthur Iveson, 3 Benjamin Iveson 
 
 Thomas Eggleston 
 
 1848 Arthur Iveson, 4 Thomas Askham 
 
 Francis Thorp Webster 
 
 j\Ir. Arthur Iveson died on the .30th October, 1881. 
 
 Mr. Thomas Askham, of Hedon, corn merchant, was admitted to the freedom 
 of the Borough on 2oth Se[)teniber, 1818, on payment of £50 to the Corporation; 
 and on the 16th November, 1848, Mr. Megginson Wright, of Hedon, Inn- 
 keeper, was admitted to the freedom of the Borougli on payment of £50 to the 
 Corporation. 
 
 During this year the town was visited with the terrible scourge of the 
 cliolera : the lirst case was on the 27th August, 1819, the next was on the 15th 
 of September following, the last was on the 12th October. Between the 15th 
 September and the 12tli of October, (27 days,) 47 persons died of that dreadful 
 plague. 
 
 On 15th December following, a day for ^^ublic prayer and thanksgiving 
 was held at Hedon, on tlie cessation of tlie cholera. 
 
 1849 George Taylor, 1 Eobert Wright 
 
 (Ke-elected 1860, 65.) William Soutter 
 
 On 5th November, 1849, at a meeting of the Corporation, the Yicar of 
 Hedon (Rev. J. H. Wake) was presented b}^ the Corporation with a Pocket 
 Communion Service, for his praisewortiiy conduct during the visitation of the 
 cholera. 
 
116 
 
 The History of He don. 
 
 1850 John Day, 2 Eobert Wright 
 
 Thomas Askham 
 
 Aldermiii James Iveson, wl»o was for upwards of forty years Town Clei-k of 
 tlie B)rou^]i, died on Gtli Ojt )ber, 18")0; he served the offieo of Mayor in the 
 year 1799, and on the resignation of Mr. Joseph Girforth, in 1809, was elected 
 Town Clerk. Mr. Iveson was eminent in tlie profession of the law, of which he 
 was a worthy member ; he was a man of considerable literary attainments, and 
 well versed in antiquarian lore. Mr. Iveson's influence was great, not only in 
 the Corporation, where liis opinions on Corporate matters were treated with the 
 greatest respect, but also in the Parliamentary elections for the Borough. Like 
 his brotlier, William Iveson, he contributed largely to the prosperity of the 
 Borough ; he spared neither pains nor money in carrying out improvements both in 
 the town and in the Church, evidences of which may yet be traced; his urbanity, 
 his social qualities, and his benevolent disposition gained for him the esteem and 
 affection of all classes. He died at his residence on the Old Market Hill, in the 
 81st year of his age, and was buried on the north side of the chancel of the 
 Church, but strange to say there is not a line to indicate the place of liis burial, 
 nevertlieless, 
 
 * Praises on tombs are trifles vainly spent ; 
 A man's own life is his best monument.' 
 
 A portrait of ^Ir. Iveson was, on 30tli iMay, I808, piesciited to tlie Corporation 
 by Jolin Collins, of Dantho]-[)e, his friend ar.d executoi-, wliich was placed 
 
 in the Council Clianil ei", where it now hangs. 
 
 Mr. Arthur Iveson wa--, on 30th October, I80O, elected Town Clerk in the 
 stead of Alderman Jaines Iveson, deceased. Kiln Garth was bought by the 
 Corporation from the executors of the late James Iveson as an addition to the 
 Sheei) Market. 
 
 On 16th December, 18;")0, Benjamin Kilvington of Hedon, Innkeeper, was 
 admitted a freeman of the Borough on payment of £50 to the Corporation. 
 
 On llth June, 1851, the Site of the National School was purchased by the 
 Coi-poration for £50. 
 
 1851 Eobert Wright, 1 Thomas Askham 
 
 (Ke-elected 1859, 60, 67, 84.) Thomas Jackson 
 
Mmiicipal History. 117 
 
 1852 Joseph Eobinson, 5 William Day 
 
 James Soutter, 2 William Johnstone Chaffer 
 
 Mr, Alderman Eobiiisoii having died during liis IMayoralty Mr. James Soutter 
 was chosen Mayor in his stead. Mr. liobinson was an extensive coal merchant at 
 Hedon. A most worthy and upright man, he was much esteemed by his brother 
 aldermen and greatly respected Iw all classes of the community; he Was five times 
 elected ]\Iayor of tiie I'orough ; he died on 7th August, 1853, and was buried in 
 the North Transept of the Church. 
 
 On the evening of the funeral of the Duke of Wellington, 18th November 
 1852, Divine Service was held in the Church, and a sermon preached by the Vicar, 
 (tiio Kev. J. IF. Wake). The Mayor and Corporation attended the service in 
 state, a torch-light procession was formed from the Town Hall to the Church. 
 
 1853 William Day Thomas Eggleston 
 
 William Soutter 
 
 Mr. William Day died on 18th August, 1882. He was the son of Alderman 
 T)\\y, he died at Esk, and was buried in the cemetery at Beverley. 
 
 On the 14tli June, 1854, the Hull and Holderness Railway was opened. 
 
 1854 W^illiam Soutter Thos. Athelstan Matthews 
 
 Benjamin Iveson 
 
 jMr. William Soulter wlio was the son of Alderman John Soutter, died 24th 
 Decembei', 18G7. 
 
 Un the 12th Octobei-, 1854, on the occasion of the Queen's visit to Hull the 
 Mayor and Corporation attended and presented an Address to the Her Majesty. 
 
 On the 16th Novendjei', 1854, the Corporation subscribed £30 to the 
 Patriotic Fund. 
 
 On the 5th of February, 1855, the bell on the Town Hall was ordered to be 
 removed from the roof and placed on the North side of the Hall. 
 
 1855 Robert Leak, 3 William Hornby 
 
 William Brown 
 
 Mr. Robert Leak died 12th September, 1889. 
 
 On the 14tli Api il, 18G6, the Corporation agreed to take 30 shares in the 
 
118 
 
 The History of Hedon. 
 
 Hedou Gas Company. The first stone of the Hedon Gas Works was laid on the 
 4th August, 1856, by Anthony Bannister, Esq., Chairmnn of the Company, in 
 the presence of the Mayor and Corporation and a numerous assemblage of share- 
 holders and gentry. A silver trowel with an ap[)ropriate inscription was 
 presented to Mr. i3annister by the shareholders on the occasion. 
 
 1856 John Hornby, 4 Thomas Jackson 
 
 Edward Wilhani Garforth 
 
 Mr. John Hornby died IGth September, 1869. 
 
 On 10th December, 1856, the Hedon Gas Works were opened. On 15tli 
 February, 1857, the Churcli was lighted with gas. 
 
 1857 James Soutter, 2 Thomas Eggleston 
 
 Benjamhi Iveson 
 
 23rd January, 1858, the Corporation voted half-a-crown to each poor family 
 on the occasion of the marringc of the Pi-incess Royal. Tlie Town Hall was 
 illuminated. 
 
 1858 John Day, 3 Benjamm Iveson 
 
 James Stewart Soutter 
 
 Mr. John Day died 10th October, 1890. He was the eon of Alderman Wni. 
 Day, lie died at Burstwick, and was buried in the churchyard there. 
 
 17tli February, 1859, MX Public Gas Lamj s, in tlie streets, were lighted at 
 £2 15s. Od. eacii. 
 
 1859 Eobert Wright, 2 John Heron 
 
 Arthur Iveson, Jnnr. 
 
 At a meeting of the Coi-poi ation, lOth Novembei-, 1859, it was resolved, tliat 
 notice be givtn of an ai)i»lication to 1 ailianunt for an Act for the management of 
 the Burgesses' land and property. 
 
 On 21st November, it was resolved that the Mayor sliould give up his allow- 
 ance for Feasts and after Christmas the Eingers' salary sliould cease. 
 
 On 28th iMarch, 18G0, the Corporation resolved to buiid a room in the Town 
 Hall garden at an estimated cost of £770. 
 
 On the 10th April following, a resolution was passed to erect on the site 
 of the Beast Yard five cottages for decayed widows of freemen, and it was also resolved 
 that the Coal Metage iu the Haven called 'The Ma^'ors Mets ' should be thence- 
 
Municipcil liistory.^ 
 
 119 
 
 forth appropriatrd to the use of the oecupieis of the lioii.ses proposed to be built. 
 
 Tlirec days later some nieuibers of the Corporaiion having intimated tlieii* 
 intention to apply for an injunction, it was resolved that no further proceedings be 
 taken witli the above buildings. 
 
 During this year the Act for the Improvement of the Borough was passed. 
 
 The time for the election of a Mayor being fixed by tke Municipal Corporations 
 Act for the 9th of November, Mr. Alderman Wriglit was, on the usual Mayor 
 choosing day in September, re-elected Mayor until the 9tli November. 
 
 In pursuance of the Act, recently obtained, for the Improvement of the Borough, 
 from and after the 1st of November, 1860, the office of Bailiff ceased. The first 
 election of Town Councillois, under the New Act, took place on 1st November, and 
 was keenly contested, the result being the election of the nine following persons : 
 
 Mr. George Taylor, Corn Merchant, . . 67 Votes. 
 
 „ William Dunn Tomlinson, Butcher, . . 63 „ 
 
 „ Francis Thorpe Webster, Builder, . 60 „ 
 
 „ William Hornby, Cattle Dealer, . . 59 „ 
 
 „ John Heron, Bricklayer, . . . . 58 „ 
 
 ,, John Foster, Innkeeper, ... 57 ,, 
 
 ,, Thomas Fggleston, Saddler, . . . 57 ,, 
 
 ,, I'homas Jackson, Yeoman, ... 54 ,y 
 
 ,, Thomas Lascelles jMilner, Agent, . . 54 „ 
 
 The unsuccessful Candidates were : 
 
 Mr. William Kirk, Surgeon, ... 32 Votes. 
 
 „ Godfrey liichard Park, Solicitor, . . 32 „ 
 
 ,, William Watson, Solicitor, ... 30 ,, 
 
 ,, Kobert Leak, Gentleman, . . , 27 „ 
 
 „ Jolm Day, Tallow Chandler, . . 26 „ 
 
 „ William Ingleby, Tanner, ... 25 „ 
 
 ,, Henry Cautley, Surgeon, . . . . 23 „ 
 
 ,, Charles Anderson, Painter, ... 19 „ 
 
 Mr. Geo. Taylor and Mr. Kobert Leak were Aldermen in the old Corporation, 
 
 LIST OF MAYOES. 
 
 1860 George Taylor, 2 
 
120 7 he History of He don. 
 
 The lirst meeting of the Iieforined Corpor<ation was held on Dtli November. 
 1860, when Mr. George Ta^dor was chosen Mayor, and Mr. John Hornby, Mr, 
 William Soutter, and Mr. Robert Wright, (who were Aldermen in tlie old Corpor- 
 ation) were chosen Aldermen. Mr. Arthur Iveson was appointed Town Clerk, at 
 a salary of £80 a year, and Mr. Jamos Soutter was appointed Treasurer at a salary 
 of £10 a year. 
 
 1861 Francis Thorpe Webster 
 
 Mr. Francis Thorpe Webster died 3rd December, 1862. 
 
 On 13ch October, 1862, Mr. James Stewart Soutter was appointed Treasurer 
 in place of Mr. James Soutter resigned. 
 
 1862 James Soutter, 8 
 
 1863 Kobert Wright, 3 
 
 1864 Arthur Iveson, Junr., 1 
 
 (Ee-elected 1866, 1868.) 
 
 1865 George Taylor, 3 
 
 Mr. George Taylor died 1st January, 1872. 
 
 The Cattle Plague broke out during this year. All Fairs and Markets by an 
 order of tlie Privy Council were closed, the result of \vhi('h was, so far as TTedc n 
 is concerned, that tlio Annual Fairs and Forhi iglitly C;iUle i\I<'ukels were 
 practically ended, as they were not re-opened when the league ceased. 
 
 1866 Arthur Iveson, Junr., 2 
 
 1867 Eobert Wright, 4 
 
 Mr. liobert Wright died Sth November, 1881. 
 
 1868 Arthur Iveson, Juur., 3 
 
 Mr. Arthur Iveson, Junr. died 31st March, 1892. 
 
 On lltli March, 1869, the Town Council resolved to exchange a field in Ivy 
 Lane belonging to the Coiporation for the Vicai-age house and garden, on the 
 IMarket Hill, the former as a site for a new Yicarage. 
 
 On 26th August, 1869, it was resolved to light the Town, the price per Gas 
 Lamp £1 12s Od. 
 
 1869 James Soutter, 4 
 
Municipal History. 
 
 121 
 
 Mr. Jaiuos Soutter died l-itli Jmio, 1872. 
 
 On ytli November, 1869, the Cliiiruli Clock and Chimes were taken over 
 by the Corporation from the Vicar and Churcli wardens. 
 
 1870 VYilliam Kirk, 1 
 
 (Ee-elected 1873, 79, 83, 89.) 
 
 Mr. William Kirk was the first Mayor of Hedon who had not previously 
 been admitted as a Freeman of the Borough. 
 
 On 29th December, 1870, it was ordered that £50 be expended in flagging 
 the footpaths in the Market Place and Soutter Gate. 
 
 On 23rd March, 1871, a lease of the Beast Garth was granted to Penrose 
 Everingham, for seventy-five years, at the yearly rent of £1 10s. 
 
 On loth June, 1871, the house and shop of Mr. Thomas Athelstan Matthews, 
 at the south-west corner of Soutter Gate, was purchased by the Corporation 
 and pulled down, in order to widen the street leading to the Churcli and Market 
 Hill. 
 
 1871 Godfrey Kichard Park, 1 
 
 (Ke-elected 1875, 76, 77, 87, 88.) 
 
 On 9th November, 1871, a resolution was passed by the Town Council 
 ' That no book, document, &c., be furnished by the Town Clerk to any person, 
 without the permission of the Council.' 
 
 On 9th May, 1872, Penrose Everingham's rent was reduced from £1 10s 
 to £1. On the same day it was resolved,' That the price of cow-gaits in West- 
 lands be fixed at £2 10s each.' 
 
 On 16th July, 1872, at a meeting of the Town Council, it was resolved 
 ' That application be made to the Education Department for the establishment of 
 a School Board at Hedon.' 
 
 1872 William Watson, 1 
 
 (Ke-elected 1874.) 
 
 1873 William Kirk, 2 
 
 On 10th November, 1875, Mr. William Kirk, junr., was appointed Medical 
 Officer, at an annual salary of £5. 
 
 1874 William Watson, 2 
 
122 
 
 The Histoid of Hedon. 
 
 In this year several fields adjoining the Hedon and Hull turnpike road, and 
 land adjoining the Market Hill, belonging to the Corporation were, with the 
 sanction of the Lords of the Treasury, sold . 
 
 1875 Godfrey Eichard Park, 2 
 
 1876 Godfrey Kichard Park, 3 
 
 1877 Godfrey Eichard Park, 4 
 
 1878 Frederick Ingleby 
 
 Mr. Frederick Ingleby died 12th January, 1883. 
 
 On 25th January, 1879, Mr. William Watson, solicitoi-, a member of tlio 
 Town Council, died after a few days' illlle^s, much and deservedly res[)ected by 
 his fellow townsmen. 
 
 1879 William Kirk, 3 
 
 1880 James Watson, 1 
 
 (Ee-elected 1881, 82.) 
 
 Mr. Arthur Iveson, the Town Clerk, died on the 30th October, 1881, and 
 at a meeting of the Town Council, on the 7th February, 1882, his son Artliur 
 Iveson was elected Town Clerk in his stead. 
 
 1881 James Watson, 2 
 
 1882 James Watson, 3 
 
 1883 William Kirk, 4 
 
 1884 Eobert Carrick, 1 
 
 (Ee-elected 1885, 80.) 
 
 1885 Eobert Carrick, 2 
 
 1886 Eobert Carrick, 3 
 
 1887 Godfrey Eichard Park, 5 
 
 The first Race Meeting, on the new Eace Course at Twyers, was lield on 
 the 21st August, 1888. 
 
 1888 Godfrey Eichard Park, 6 
 
 1889 William Kirk, 5 
 
Alderman Wm. Kirk, M.E.C.S., 
 ]\Iayou 1870, 1873, 1«79, 1883, and 1889. 
 
Municipal History. 
 
 123 
 
 Oil tlie election of the Mayor tliis year, a silver chain and badge were presented 
 to the Corporation by Alderman Park, in commemoration of the Queen's Jubilee, 
 
 It was intended on the retirement of Alderman Kirk from public life, on the 
 9tli November, 189 J, to present him with his portrait, which had been painted 
 by Mr. T. Tindall Wildridge, by subscription of the members and officials of the 
 Corporation, on the understanding that the picture should be handed over to the 
 Corporation and })laced in the Council Chamber. The state of Alderman Kirk's 
 health prevented the portrait being presented, as intended, on the 9th of 
 November. On Alderman Kirk's death, which occurred soon after (22nd 
 January, 1891), his family elected to keep the subscription portrait and to present 
 to the Corporation in lieu of it a portrait of the Alderman in earlier life, which 
 portrait was accepted by the Council and placed in the Council Chamber. 
 
 Mr. Arthur Iveson, the Town Clerk, died on the 31st of March, 1892, and on 
 the 19th of April following, his son, Arthur Percival Iveson, was at a meeting of 
 the Town Council elected Town Clerk in liis stead, at the annual salary of £40. 
 
 in 1887. 
 
 1890 William Lambert White, 1 
 (Ee-elected 1891.) 
 
 1891 William Lambert White, 2 
 
 1893 
 
 1892 
 
 Robert Alan Park, 1 
 (Re-elected 1893.) 
 
 Robert Alan Park, 2 
 
124 
 
 IJie Mist cry of ILtJon. 
 
 COEPOEATE PEOPEETY. 
 
 ^Tj^HE Corporation, from time to time, have required a coiisid- 
 ^ erable amount of property in the Borough, consisting 
 principally of a common pasture, called the Westh.nds, containing 
 38a., Ir., 28p., and about twenty small fields, containing, in the 
 aggregate, 27a., 12r., 3p., together with several houses and 
 buildings, which fields and buildings produce an annual rental of 
 about <£180. The Westlands, which is let off in gaits for Horses 
 and Cattle, produce an annual income of about ^120. 
 
 The income of the Corporation is augmented by an annual 
 fee farm, or quit rent, called 'Town's rent,' which is charged 
 upon the greater portion of the houses and lands in the parish, 
 amounting to .£52. 6s. 6d : the annual interest payable in 
 respect of three Haven Bonds of £50 each ; and the annual 
 dividends on twenty shares, of £10 each, in the Hedon Gas Light 
 and Coke Company, Limited. 
 
 In addition to the real property, above mentioned, the 
 Corporation are the owners of the following, which yield no 
 revenue : the Town Hall, with the garden adjoining, situate in 
 St. Augustine Gate ; eight houses situate in Baxter Gate, occupied 
 by decayed burgesses ; and three houses in Soutter Gate, called 
 the ' Bede ' houses, occupied by poor widows. * 
 
 * These properties are more fully described under « Charities,' 
 
THE CORPORATION PLATE, HEDON, 
 
Municipal History, 
 
 125 
 
 THE COEPOEATION PLATE. 
 
 HE Plate belonging to the Corporation, in addition to one 
 
 large Mace and two smaller ones, consists of a handsome 
 Silver Tankard, three Silver Goblets, four Silver Apostle Spoons, 
 together with several silver table requisites of a more modern date. 
 The large Mace, silver gilt, which is used on state occasions, is 
 3 feet 8 inches long, the head is divided by two caraytides into four 
 panels, containing the royal badges of the Fleur-de-lis, the Kose, 
 the Thistle, and the Harp, between the initials ^ C. E.,' and on 
 the top of the Mace are the royal arms of Charles 11. The 
 pommel is large and has two shields, the arms of the Borough, 
 and the arms of Guy, the donor. It bears the following inscription : 
 
 < Tlie gift of Henry Guy, of Ti iiig, in tlie County of Hertford, Esq., to the 
 Corporation of Hedon, in Holderness, in the County of York.' 
 
 Mr. Guy, the donor of the Mace, was one of the representatives 
 of the Borough in Parliameiit. The two smaller Maces are by 
 far the most ancient, the one is of silver gilt, 25 inches long, 
 bearing quarterly, the Eoyal Arms of France and England, and 
 the Lombardic initials ' H. and H.' There is no date on the 
 Mace, and the initials refer evidently to Henry V. or Henry VI. 
 The other small ^^lace, 18 inches long, bears quarterly, the Arms of 
 France and England, and the initials 'E. E.' There is no date 
 on the Mace, but the make and style indicate the sixteenth 
 century, and the initials point to the reign of Edward YI. 
 
If: (J Ike History of Iledon. 
 
 Tii3 following notice of the first above mentioned small 
 1\[ ice appeared in the Archceologia. {Vol. U.) 
 
 ' June 21st, 1888. Through the courtesy of the several Mayors and 
 ' Ojrpjrations a fine and typical series of no less than one liundred and thirty 
 ' Macj.-3 and twenty four Swords of State, which had been lent for exhibition 
 ' at the President's (Society of Antiquaries) reception, on the preceding 
 ' evening, was exhibited in the Library, together with a number of Silver 
 ' Oars, Loving Cups, &c. The oldest of the Maces was an example from 
 lleJon, Yorkshire, probably the most ancient Civic Mace now remaining in 
 ' England ; from its remarkable form and interesting character it has been 
 
 * selected for illustration (plate xx., figs. 1, 2, 3.) The Mace is certainly a 
 ' work ot the fifteentli century, and [)erha[.)s da es from 1113, when Henry V. 
 'granted an important Cliarter to the town, confirming and enlarging those 
 
 * of his [)redecessor.5. Neither the Mace nor tlie (Jrown bear any Hall Mai-ks.' 
 
 A handsome Silver Tankard and Cover, commonly called 
 t!i3 ' Peg Tankard,' on the front of which is engraved the Arms 
 of Appleyard, and on the cover is inscribed : 
 
 *'The gift of Matthew Appleyard, Esqre., to the Corporation of Headon, tlie 
 10th of October, 1639." 
 
 Inside the Tankard are five pegs at equal distances, and the 
 space between each peg is supposed to hold a pint of liquor. 
 The origin of these pegs is remote and curious, inasmuch 
 as from them are derived expressions still in use ; the custom 
 of pegging cups is said to have been introduced by St. Dunstan^ 
 to check the intemperance of our Saxon ancestors. A Silver 
 Goblet, egg-shaped, on a baluster stem is inscribed 'I. A., 1640,' 
 the plate mark answers to 1603, the initials are those of John 
 Alured, one of the Members of Parliament for the Borough, and 
 from the shape and appearance of this Cup there can be little 
 
Municipal History. 127 
 
 doubt but that it has been originally a Chalice, and probably 
 belonged to St. Augustine's Church. In the troublous times 
 when Mr. Alured was Member for Hedon, the Puritan party, 
 which was then in the ascendant, would not scruple to take from 
 the Church a consecrated vessel, regardless of the law of Meum 
 et Tuum, and give it to the Corporation. A Silver Goblet, on the 
 stem of which is inscribed round the lip : 
 
 ' Tlio n-uift of Coll: Matli: Alured, to tlie Corporation of Hedon, 1658.' 
 
 Col. Alured who gave this Cup to the Corporation was one of the 
 
 xMembers for the Borough. A Silver Cup with two handles, on 
 
 which is inscribed: 
 
 "The gift of Mr. John Farrer lintter, of Thomgiimbald, to the Corporation 
 of the Mayor, Bailiffs, and Burgesses of the Borough of Hedon, 5th July, 1849, as 
 a token of his esteem for that venerable Institution and in grateful remembrance 
 of many acts of kindness, conferred on liim, by individual members of that body." 
 
 Four Apostle Spoons, the handles ending in four Saints, 
 nimbed with their emblems, the plate mark indicates the date 
 1051. 
 
 In an Inventory of ' Plate, Jewels, and Documents,' 
 belonging to the Corporation circa 1656, mention is made 
 amongst other things, of " Two Silver Wine Bowles, Six Silver 
 Apostle Spoons, and one Silver Chene, with a scutcheon with the 
 townes Arms on it." 
 
 On 9th November, 1889, Alderman G. R. Park, on retiring from 
 the office of Mayor, which he had held for the two preceding 
 years, presented to the Corporation a Silver Chain and Pendant, 
 
128 Ihe History of Hedon. 
 
 in replacement of the lost ' Chene,' md ' Scutcheon/ and in 
 commemoration of the Jubilee of Her Majesty Queen Victoria. 
 The Chain is of massive silver, the Pendant is of silver, with the 
 Arms of the Borough in enamel on it. On the reverse of the 
 Pendant is the following inscription : 
 
 ' Presented to the Corporation of Hedon by Alderman G. li. l^irk, in 
 coinmenioratiori of the Jubilee of tier Most Graoioiis Majesty Queen Vi('toria 
 MDCCCLXXXVIL' 
 
 The Corporation also possess three large Punch Bowls, 
 made of lignum vitse, which hold a peck each. These Bowls 
 were commonly, and are still used at Municipal Banquets, Ptmch 
 having been from Lima itmuemorial the only liquor drunk on 
 these festive occasions. The Corporation Banquets, commonly 
 called ' Mayor Feasts,' were in days of yore held four times a 
 year, at one of the principal Hotels in the town, viz., the 
 Thursday before the 29Gh September (Mayor-Choosing Day) ; 
 29th September, the day on which the Mayor was sworn into 
 office ; on the firsL Thursday in January, and the first Thursday 
 in July, the days on which the Mayor, Aldermen, and Bailiffs 
 held their rent audit. P.uicli, the only liquor partaken of at these 
 banquets, was brewel, in th3 three Ligaum Vitse Bowls, with 
 much ceremony, one by the Mayor, one by the Town Clerk, 
 and one by the two Biiliffs. The following popular song in 
 praise of this delicious beverage was usually, amongst many 
 others, sung with much applause at these social gatherings : 
 
Municipal History. 
 
 129 
 
 THE LIGNUM YIT^ BOWL. 
 
 Let festive joys our spirits raise, 
 
 No care the mind control, 
 While Hedon Aldermen quaff round 
 
 Tlie Lignum Vitjf Bowl. 
 
 No fabled font by poets prais'd 
 Could match this hollow tree. 
 
 In this our mystic wooden Font 
 To drink is to be free. 
 
 King Athelstan to quell his foes, 
 
 A northern journey made, 
 And with Saint John of Beverley, 
 
 To Hedon came for aid.* 
 
 Right glad was he guch help to find 
 
 His Crown and Life to save, 
 And with his first fam'd Charter'd rights, 
 
 This pledge of freedom gave. 
 
 The Bishop fiUM the flowing b(»wl, 
 
 The royal monarch sate 
 Surrounded by his nobles all 
 
 With Wassail mirth elate. 
 
 And thus unto the Hedon men 
 The King pronounced with glee : 
 
 'As free be ye as heart can think, 
 ' As eke as eye can see.' 
 
 The Reverend Prelate's holy hands 
 
 The wood of life uplift, 
 While thus his goodly benisance 
 
 Enhanced the precious gift. 
 
 *The pr- sence of Kin^ Athelstan and Saint John of Beverley meeting at the same social 
 board may l)e considered as a " poetical license." 
 
130 
 
 The Hi'itory of Hedon, 
 
 Then let this bounteous flowing bowl 
 Uncheck'd to us impart, 
 The streams that made a monarcli free, 
 And warmed a Bishop's heart. 
 
 Let Devotees in every age 
 Fulfil the Prelate's prayer, 
 
 And all who zealous quaff this bowl, 
 Tlie gift of freedom share. 
 
 Then from the days of Athelstan, 
 To da^'s which now we see, 
 
 The Franchise liberties he gave 
 Obey the King's decree. 
 
 May oft repeated copious draughts 
 
 Enliven every Soul, 
 And whilst our Royal Franchise lasts. 
 
 May the Lignum Vitse Bowl. 
 
Municipal History. 
 
 131 
 
 TEADE GUILDS. 
 
 ^^LOSELY connected with the Municipal history of the 
 Borough are the Trade Guilds which formerly existed in 
 it. Amongst the scanty memorials still left, relating to the 
 history of the town and Corporation, is to be found mention of the 
 ' Gild of the Butchers,' the ' Gild of the Shoemakers,' and the 
 ' Gild of the Taylors.' These gilds were, originally, a fraternity 
 associated for the purpose of carrying on commerce or some 
 particular trade. The division of the people by occupations is 
 one of the oldest and rudest political institutions of which history 
 makes mention. The societies of tradesmen exclusively author- 
 ised to practice their art, and governed by the laws of their 
 constitution, were, in the middle ages, a very important element 
 in representative and local government. And as the citizens 
 acquired an influence on the administration, Gilds became event- 
 ually the basis of municipal constitutions, and every one who 
 wished to exercise his trade or calling, and to participate in the 
 municipal government, was obliged to become a member of a gild 
 and thereby became ' free ' to exercise the particular trade of the 
 Gild of which he was a member, and hence the common term of 
 * freeman.' The rights of a freeman with which, until recent 
 times, was associated the exclusive privilege of voting in the 
 election of parliamentary representatives, and taking part in the 
 municipal administration in Cities and Boroughs were, in most 
 
132 
 
 The History of Hcdon. 
 
 cases, as in the Borough of Hedon, confined to members of these 
 societies, tlie membership of which was obtained by birth, by 
 apprenticeship, or by purchase ; and as the principal privilege of 
 these societies or gilds, in later days, consisted in this right of 
 voting and municipal government, persons not engaged in trade or 
 commerce were frequently admitted members by birth or purchase 
 to entitle them to such privilege. From the following document, 
 endorsed ' The Composition of T.iylors ' may be gathered the 
 constitution of that particular gild, and from which may also be 
 gathered the objects and ordering of that, and other trade gilds, 
 which formerly existed in this town : 
 
 ^J^HE Composition indented, renewed, and made the ffirst day of June in 
 the third year of the raigne of our Soueraigne Lord James the second, 
 by the grace of God, of England, Scotland, ffrance, and Ireland, King, Defender 
 of the faith, Annoque Domini 1637. Between William Baines, Maior of the 
 Towne and Corporation of Hedon in Holderness, in the County of Yorke, and 
 comunalty of Burgesses of the said Towne of the one part. And John Sissons, 
 warden of the occupacion of Taylors, w*^in the said Towne. George Wright, 
 John Craven, Ealph Clayton, and William Stappleton, of the said occapacion 
 of Taylors on the other part, witnesseth that the said Maior and Burgesses 
 for them and their successors to the intent the said occupacion may be in all 
 thinges well ordered and governed and the inhabitants of the said Towne and 
 other his Majesty's leige people well served w'^^out any deceipt or collusion. 
 And also that noe person or persons after the date hereof may sett upp use 
 or occupy for himself the said occupacion of a Taylor w*^'in the said Towne, 
 except such only that have been brought upp in the said occupacion as an 
 apprentice for seaven years at the least, according to the Laws and Statutes 
 in those cases made and provided Have granted by these presents to them 
 the said John Sissons, George Wright, John Craven, Ralph Clayton, and 
 William Stappleton, that the said occupacion shalbe incorporated into one 
 fellowshipp and brotherhood And have and enioy to them and their 
 Successors for ever All and every Article and Grant, Liberty, and Privilege 
 hereafter in these presents mentioned and expressed. 
 
Municipal History. 
 
 133 
 
 3n^5l'is. it is ordered, ordained, & agreed that the said John Sissons, Warden, 
 George Wright, Jolm Craven, Ealph Chiyton, & Willm. Stappleton. shalbe from 
 henceforth in one ffellowshipp and Brotherhood as other occupacions w*^in the said 
 Towne and other Cor[)oracions of Ancient tyme w"'out the memory of man have 
 been. And that yearlj^ hereafter w*^in six dayes before or after the ffeast of St. 
 Michael th' Arch Angell the said Warden and ffellowshipp and their successors shall 
 elect and chnse one amongst themselves a discreet person beinge a free Burgesse 
 of the s.iid Towne to be their Warden, to rule and govern all tlie said Company 
 of Taylors w*^in the said Towne accordinge to the ordinances, constitutions, and 
 customes herein mentioned for one whole year the next followinge vpon paine to 
 forfeit and pay six shillings and eight pence of Lawful English money one Moiety 
 lliereof to the said Towne and th'other Moiety to the said Company. 
 
 Itm. To elect and chuse yearly and every year at the tyme aforesaid two 
 Searcliers and one Steward or other officer to serve the Warden and to be ready at 
 his (;oinand to goe and search where tliey shall have notice of any Taylor to be sett 
 on worke w^^'in the said Towne not beinge a Brother of the said Company. And 
 if the searchers or steward soe elected shall refuse to performe their said offices 
 then hee or they soe refusing to forfeit and pay the sume of six shillings and eight 
 pence to be divided as aforesaid. 
 
 Itm. That whoever shall sett a Taylor to worke w*^in the said Towne, on 
 beinge a Brother of the said Company shall forfeit and pay for every day such 
 Taylor slialbe soe sett to worke the sume of fforty shillings to be divided in manner 
 and forme as aforesaid. 
 
 Itm. That if any Master workman beinge a fforraigner shall come in ffree of 
 tlio saide Towne liee shall not be allowed to worke of the occupacion vntil hee 
 have [)aid for his vp sett the sume of fforty shillings one halfe thereof to the said 
 Towne and th'otiier halfe to the said Company. And for not soe beinge to pay 
 for every day hee shall worke in said Towne six shillings and eight pence to the 
 said Company. 
 
 Itm. That every Warden shall make his account on the day of Elecion of the 
 new Warden before hee depart the place of Elecion vpon paine to forfeit and pay 
 six shillings and eight pence over and besides the charge of his account one Moiety 
 to the Towne and th'other to the said Company. 
 
 Itm. That noe Brother of the said Company shall instruct or teach any 
 person in the said occupacion not beinge his sonne or apprentice vpon paine to 
 forfeit and pay Thirteen shillings and fouer pence, one Moiety thereof to the said 
 Towne and th'other Moiety to the said Company. 
 
134 
 
 History of Hedon. 
 
 Itm. That every apprentice vv*^'iii the said Tovviie, his yeares beinge ended 
 shall pay for his vpp sett two shillings to the said Company onely. 
 
 Item. That noe Brother of the said Company take any man to hire by the 
 year w*^out makeinge the Warden acquainted therew*'' vpon paine to forfeit and 
 pay six shillings and eight pence to the vse of the said Companj-^ onely. 
 
 Itm. That if any Brother of the said Company shall spoile any garment put 
 to him to make that then vpon search and view thereof hee shall pay for satisfac- 
 cion to the party owninge the garment soe spoiled such sume of money as by the 
 Warden and Major part of the said Company shalbe allotted for him to pay vpon 
 paine to forfeit and pay fforty shillings one Moiety thereof to the said Towne and 
 th'other Moiety to the said Company. 
 
 Item. That noe Brother of the said Company shall take any appr'ntice to 
 serve for lesse than seaven years vpon paine to forfeit and pay the sume of fforty 
 shillings one moiety thereof to the said Towne and th' other moiety to the said 
 Company. 
 
 Itm. That all ffynes, forfeitures, and paym'ts, hereby becominge due and 
 payable as aforesaid shalbe levied of the goods and chattells of the parties 
 offendinge by Authority a3'de and Assistance of the Maior and other Justices of 
 the peace w*4n the said Towne for the tyme beinge in such manner and forme as 
 all other ffynes and am'ciaments w*^in the said Towne are to be levied. 
 
 In Testimony whereof and for better Confirmation of the pr'misses to the 
 part of these pr'sents remaininge in tlie hands of the said John Sissons, George 
 Wright, John Craven, Ealph Clayton, and Willm. Stappleton the said Maior and 
 Burgesses have sett the com 'on seal belonginge to the said Towne. And to the 
 other part of these pr'sents remaininge w"* the said Maior and Burgesses, the said 
 Maior and Burgesses, the said John Sissons, George Wright, Ralph Clayton, and 
 Willm. Stappleton have sev'ally sett their hands and scales the day and year first 
 above written. 
 
 John Sissons 
 George Wright 
 John Craven 
 Willm. Stapellton 
 
 From these Trade Gilds of the middle ages may be traced 
 the origin of the Trade Societies existing at the present day. 
 
Municipal History. 135 
 
 The fetters with wliich the Eiighsh uierchciiit of the middle 
 ages, under the guise of a so-called 'freedom,' shackled free com- 
 mercial intercourse, and the imperfect means of communication 
 isolated the towns, which rendered free competition difficult to 
 attain : still it must be conceded that these institutions aimed to 
 reduce free competition to a minimum, regarded what is now^ 
 considered legitimate speculation as a crime, and obliterated the 
 spirit of mercantile enterprise.* 
 
 The laws of the Borough, which required all persons exercis- 
 ing a trade or occupation within its limits to be members of a 
 gild, and thereby made free of the Borough, have long since ceased 
 to exist. The expense of the admission to the freedom of the 
 Borough was at this time to persons entitled by birthright or 
 apprenticeship 8s. 4d.; to others, that is foreigners, about Three 
 pounds, the latter frequently payable by instalments. 
 
 The Municipal Cxovernment of the town up to the year 1860, 
 (the passing of the Borough Improvement Act), was entirely and 
 had been uninterruptedly for upwards of three centuries limited 
 to the freemen of the Borough. 
 
 ^Gross's Gild Merchant, vol. 1., p. 51. 
 
^MK« 
 
 "Stern I'.itiiots 
 Who for sacred freedom stood." — Ttrkell. 
 
 IME having injured and impaired the few ancient and 
 
 A historical manuscripts, records of former times, Httle 
 can be accurately known of the early re[)resentation in 
 Parliament of the borough of Hedon previous to the time of 
 King Edward I. That a systeiu of representation existed in 
 this country in the very earliest periods of its history there can 
 be no doubt. 
 
 Amongst the boroughs partially re-established in the 
 early part of the reign of Edward I. was that of Hedon, and 
 from that date to the commencement of the reign of King 
 Edward YI. the borough of Iledon, from time to time, though 
 not in regular succession, sent its representatives to 
 Parliament. 
 
 Towards the end of the reign of Henry II I . and the early 
 part of the reign of Edward I. the parliaments of the Kingdom 
 first began to assume their constitutional character ; writs were 
 issued to the Sheriffs of the several Counties of England to 
 
Representative Ilutory. 137- 
 
 return two knights for each County, two citizens for each 
 City, and two burgesses for each Borough.* 
 
 At Easter, A.D. 1276, King Edward I. held a Parliament 
 at Westminster of Archbishops, Priors, Barons, and Commons, 
 wherein many excellent laws were made ; the Commons being 
 summoned by the Sheriff s.t The number of Boroughs to which 
 writs were issued was about one hundred and seventy, but 
 many of these on account of their poverty did not comply with 
 the writs and send representatives. j 
 
 Representation was, however, at this time partial and 
 
 imperfect. King Edward I. in the twenty-third year of his 
 
 reign pretended to restore the Saxon constitution, but instead 
 
 of summoning the hundreds and tythings in full county court 
 
 to elect representatives, as had formerly been the custom, such 
 
 partiality was manifested by the Sheri^s that only a few 
 
 Boroughs appear to have received precepts. II In Prynne's 
 
 Paiiiamentaria Rediviva " it is stated that the greatest 
 
 partiality was exercised by the Sheriffs in issuing precepts to 
 
 the several Boroughs within their jurisdiction, particularly 
 
 Glastonbury, in Somersetshire, Christchurch, and Overton, in 
 
 Hants, St. Edmondsbury, in Suffolk, and Hayden [Hedon] , and 
 
 Richmond, in Yorkshire, which had only one precept each 
 
 issued to them.§ To this Parliament the Boroughs of Ravenser 
 
 [Ravenspurn] and Hedon sent representatives. 
 • 
 
 * Oldfield's " Representative Htsto?y of Great Britain and Ireland^' vol. I., p. 153. 
 t p. 155. X Ii>}d, I). 159. II /^e/, p. 164. 
 
 § 7did, p. 104. 
 
138 The History of Hedon. 
 
 In the reign of King Edward II. the following Cities and 
 Boroughs, amongst others, sent representatives to Parliament : 
 viz., Beverley, Hull, Kavenser, Ripon, Scarborough, and 
 York; the Borough of Heion does not appeir to hive sj it 
 representatives during this King's reigil. But in the reign of 
 Edward III., Hayden " is included among the Boroughs 
 summoned to send representatives. 
 
 In the reign of King Richard II. it does not appear, 
 by writs or returns, that any new City or Borough was 
 summoned to send members to Parliament, but that amongst 
 others the Boroughs of Beverley, Hayden, and Ravenser, which 
 had sent representatives during the preceding reign, were 
 omitted. 
 
 The first record of any members being returned for the 
 Borough of Hedon is in the ye^v 1295 (23rd Edward I.), the 
 representatives returned to that Parliament being Stephanus de 
 Burton and Ricardus Civis.* From that date there are no 
 returns found until the first year of the reign of Edward VI. 
 (1547), after which time, with the exception of two Parliaments 
 during the interregnum, there was a regular succession of 
 representatives up to the year 1831, when the statute passed in 
 that year,t for amending the representation of the people, 
 commonly known as the ^'Parliamentary Reform Act," 
 deprived this ancient Borough of the privilege of sending 
 representatives to Parliament, a privilege which it had enjoyed 
 for nearly three hundred years. 
 
 • Park's " Parliamentary Reprfsentatwn of Yorkshire^^ /. 2^i. 
 t 3 and 4 William IV., cap \b. 
 
Repi^esentative History. 139 
 
 From records still extant, it appears that the right of 
 election of representatives in Parliament was in the burgesses 
 of the Borough, although there are instances where the right of 
 election was exercised by the Corporation alone. The question 
 was, however, finally settled on the hearing of the petition 
 against the return of Admiral Anson in 1747, when the House 
 of Commons resolved that the right of election was in the 
 burgesses of the Borough. 
 
 The burgess right or freedom of the Borough is obtained 
 by birth, by servitude, by purchise, or by gift. All sons of 
 freemen, whether born within the Borough or not, are entitled 
 to be admitted to their freedom on attaining the age of twenty- 
 one years. Every person having served an apprenticeship of 
 seven years with a freeman, whether within the Borough or 
 not ; and all persons, whether by payment of a sum of money 
 fixed by the Corporation, or by voluntary gift, are also entitled to 
 be admitted to the freedom of the Borough. The fee for admission 
 to the freedom of the Borough was for a long time six shillings 
 and eightpence ; in later times it became more costly. The 
 right of admission to the freedom of the Borough by purchase 
 or gift became ultimately, as it still is, arbitrary on the part of 
 the Corporation. 
 
 EDWAED VI. 
 The Parliament which assembled at Westminster on the 
 4th November, 1547 (1st Edward YI.), was the first 
 Parliament whereof there is any authentic record of the names 
 
lAO The History of Hedon. 
 
 of the representatives sent from the Borough of Hedon, except 
 as before mentioned. The return is dated 18th Ooliobor, 15 t7, 
 and the representatives sent to this Parhament were : 
 
 1547. Edwarde Elderton, Esquyer. 
 Robert Gouche, Esquyer. 
 
 This Parliament sat only uatil the 2ith December 
 following; but in those fifty days measures of the highest 
 importance were passed. The Parliament was then prorogued 
 until April, 1513 ; when, the houses of Parliament having met, 
 it was alleged that the war between England and Scotland had 
 prevented the attendance of many members. It was 
 therefore again prorogued, and did not fiaally meet until the 
 2nd January, 1549. The first measure passed by this 
 Parliament was the celebrated act for '^the Uniformity of 
 Divine Service." The Parliament wt\^ dissolved 15th April, 
 1552. 
 
 The next Parliament meb on 1st March, 1553, the 
 representatives sent from the Borough of Hedon, 13th 
 February, 1552-3, were : 
 
 1552. Sir Johannes Constable, Knight. , 
 Robertus Shakerley, Armiger * 
 
 Sir Johannes or John Constable was the eldest son of Sir John 
 Constable, Knight, of H;ilsh;xin. Sir John (the son) married, for his first 
 wife, Margaret, daughter of Lord Scroope, of Bolton Castle, and for his 
 
 * Armiger was a title in England belonging to such gentlemen as bore arms, 
 either by courtesy, as sons of noblemen, or eldest sons of kniglits; or by creation, as the 
 king's servants. The title ht^s long been in disuse and the title of esquire substituted. 
 
Re2yrtsentative Ifistory. 141 
 
 secoiul wife, Lady Catharine Nevill, daughter of Henry Nevill, third Earl of 
 Westmorland. In 1559, Sir John Gonstablty and Lady Catharine, his wife, 
 had a grant of the Seigniory of Holderness from the Earl of Westmorland. 
 The Seigniory, with all its emoluments and privileges, has ever since 
 remained in the Constable. fjimily. The present representative of that family. 
 Sir Frederick Augustus Talbot Clifford Constable, Bart., of Burton Constable, 
 still retains the title of Lord Paramount of the Seigniory of Holderness. 
 
 MAEY. 
 
 The death of King Edward YI., on 6th July, 1553, caused 
 a dissohition of Parliament. The first ParHament of Queen 
 Mary assembled at Westminster, on 5th October, 1553, 
 Gardiner being Lord Chancellor. At the election, 23rd 
 September, 1553, the same representatives were returned for 
 Hedon as sat in the preceding Parliament, viz.: 
 
 1553. Sir John Constable, Knight. 
 Robert Shakerley, Armiger. 
 
 This Parliament, as well as the three succeeding ones, sat 
 only for very short periods. An election took place at Hedon 
 on 2nd April, 1554, within six months of the last election, 
 when the members returned were : , 
 
 1554. Thomas Wharton, Miles.* 
 Ricardus Cuthbert, Armiger. 
 
 Sir Thomas Wharton lived at Beverley Parks. The Whartons were an 
 ancient family who were settled at Beverley Parks in the time of 
 Henry VIII. The descendants of this family on several occasions 
 represented the Borough of Beverley in Parliament. 
 
 * Miles (Milites). a title in England borne by persona who possessed a complete 
 Knight's fee, of full age, and yet not Knights. 
 
142 
 
 The History of Hedon. 
 
 Ricardus Cuthbert might possibly be an ancestor of Ricbaid Cuthbert 
 who g<\ve evidence against the King on the trial of Charles I ; in the record 
 of the trial he is described as of Fatrington. 
 
 PHILIP AND MARY. 
 
 The next Parliament, the first of Philip and Mary, 
 assembled on 12th November, 1554, the same representatives 
 were probably returned from Hedon who sat in the last 
 Parliament (although there is no mention of any member 
 returned for Hedon in the Parliamentary return), 
 
 1554. Thomas Wharton, Miles. 
 Richard Cuthbert, Armiger. 
 
 This Parliament did not last long, for in the following 
 year, on 21st October, 1555, a new Parliament was summoned, 
 the members returned for Hedon being : 
 
 1555. Richard Cuthbert, Mercator.* 
 Georgius Cobham, Generosus.f 
 
 The return is dated 23rd September, 1555. Richard 
 Cuthbert was member in the last Parliament, and was 
 re-elected. 
 
 The next Parliament was summoned on 20th January, 
 1557-8. The members elected for Hedon were : 
 
 1557-8. Johannes Constable, Miles. 
 
 Johannes Gouldwell, Generosus. 
 
 • Merchant. 
 
 t Geptleman. 
 
Representative History. 
 
 Johannes Constable was the sun of Sir John Constable wlio represented 
 the Borough in 1552 and 1553. 
 
 ELIZABETH. 
 On the death of Queen Mary, 17th November, 1558, 
 Parliament was dissolved ; and the first Parliament of Queen 
 Elizabeth was summoned to meet on 23rd January, 1558-9, 
 but to this Parliament no return appears to have been made 
 from the Borough of Hedon. A new Parliament was summoned 
 to meet at Westminster on 11th January, 1562-3, the members 
 returned from Hedon were 
 
 1562-3. Sir John Constable, Knight. 
 
 Christopher Hildyard, Esquire. 
 
 Sir John Constable was re-elected, having sat in the last Parliament, 
 During this Parliament a conference took place between Committees 
 appointed by tlie House of Lords and the House of Commons touching the 
 Queen's marriage and the succession. Sir John Constable was a member of 
 the Committee appointed by the House of Commons ; he died in 1583. 
 
 Christopher Hildyard was the son of Martin Hildyard, Esquire, of 
 Winestead. He was High Sheriff of Yorkshire in 1570, and was member 
 of the High Council at York. Mr. Hildyard's only son, William, was 
 drowned in the moat at the old mansion house at Winestead. 
 
 A space of nearly five years elapsed before another 
 Parliament was summoned, when one assembled on 2nd April, 
 1571, the members returned for Hedon were . 
 
 1571. Christopher Hildyard, Esquire. 
 William Paler, Esquire. 
 
 Mr. Hildyard was re-ekcted, having sat in tlie last Parliament. 
 
The History of Hedon. 
 
 Parliament having been dissolved by the Queen, a new 
 Parliament was summoned to meet at Westminster on 8th 
 May, 1572, the members returned for Hodon being : 
 
 1571. Christopher Hildyard, Esquire. 
 John Moore, Gentleman. 
 
 Mr. Hildyard was again re-ele(;ted. He died, 2Uh July, 1GU2, and was 
 buried at Winestead, wliere a liaudsoino marble luunmaeut was ereeted to liis 
 memory in the Church. 
 
 Mr. John Moore, probably the son of Robert Moore, Esquii-e, of 
 Bewicke, in Holderness, lived at York. He was a man learned in the 
 law," and a Commissioner of Oyer and Terminer for tlie Noi-theri» parts. 
 He married Catharine, widow of Marmaduke Constable, of VVassaud, and 
 daughter of John Holme, Esquire, of Paullholme. Mr. Moore and Catharine 
 his wife were buried in York Cathedral. The family of Moore continued to 
 reside at Bewicke until the beginning of the 18th Century. 
 
 The Parliament was dissolved on 16th January, 1580, 
 after twenty-four prorogations. A new Parliament was not 
 summoned to meet until the 23rd November, 1584 ; the 
 representatives elected for the Borough of Hedon were : 
 
 1584. Henry Constable, Esquire. 
 Fulke Greville, Esquire. 
 
 Mr. Henry Constable, of Burton Constable, was the son of Sir John 
 Constable, a, former representative of the Borough, and father of 
 Henry Constable, wlio, in the year 1G25, was created Baron Constable and 
 Viscount Duid)ar in Scotland. 
 
 Mr. Fulke Greville was the son of Sir Fulke Greville, who married a 
 daughter of the Earl of Westmorland and sister to the wife of Sir John 
 Constable, a former member for the Borough, hence probably his connection 
 with the Borough of Hedon. Mr. Greville was a great lover of the arts 
 and sciences, and one of the most ingenious and accomplished men of his 
 
Rejyresentative History. 
 
 14S 
 
 time.* lie received the honour of Kriij^hthood in 1579, and in ir>2l (18Lh 
 James I.) he was created a peer by the title of Baron Brooke. 
 
 This Parliament was dissolved on 14th September, 1585, 
 and a new Parliament was summoned to meet on 15th October, 
 1586 ; the representatives returned for Hedon were : 
 
 1586. Sir Henry Constable, Knight. 
 John Hot ham, Esquire. 
 
 Sir Henry Constable was member for the Borough in the last Parlia- 
 ment and WAS re-elected; he died in 1608. 
 
 John Hotham, Esq., of Scorborough and Dalton, was one of tlie Special 
 Commissioners appointed for the suppression of schism in 4:2nd Elizabeth. 
 He was Higli Slieriff of Yorkshire in loSi, and member of Parliament for 
 Scarborough in 1585. He married for his third wife, Jane, daughter of 
 Kichard Legard, of Kysome, in Holderness. He was the father of Sir John 
 Hotham, Bart., who was Governor of Hull, and who refusetl permission to 
 King Charles I. to enter that town. 
 
 The above Parliament was dissolved, 23rd March, 15S7, and 
 a new Parliament was summoned on the 12fch November 
 following, and prorogued to 4th February, 1588-9 ; the members 
 elected for Hedon were : 
 
 1588. Christopher Hildyard, Esquire. 
 John Alford, Esquire. . 
 
 Mr. Christopher Hildyard, of Winestead, was the son of Ricliard 
 Hildyard, Esquire, of Routh. He was returned as one of the members for 
 the Borough of Hedon in nine Parliaments, and once for the Borongh of 
 Beverley. He was twice High Sheriff of Yorkshire, viz., in 1595 and 1612, 
 and was a member of tlie Higli Commission Court of York. Mr. Hildyard's 
 tliird son, Christopher, was an eminent lawyer and sometime Recorder of 
 
 Playfair's " British Family Antiquity." 
 
146 The History of Hedon. 
 
 Hedon, a learned antiquary, a friend of Ralph Thoresby, and mentioned in his 
 Diary. 
 
 Mr. John Alford was the nephew of Sir Lancelot Alford, of Meaux 
 Abbey, in Holderness ; Mr. Alford's uncle, Sir Lancelot Alford died 28th 
 January, 1562, and was buried in Beverley Minster. 
 
 The Parliament was dissolved 28tli March, 1589, and it 
 was not until the 19th February, 1592, that a new Parha- 
 ment was summoned; the members returned for Hedon were : 
 
 1592. Christopher Hildyard, Gent.* 
 Henry Brooke, Esquire. 
 
 Mr. Christopher Hildyard, the sitting incmber in the last Piirlianient, 
 was re-elected. 
 
 The next Parliament was summoned to meet on 24th 
 October, 1597 ; the members for Hedon in that Parliament 
 being : 
 
 1597. Christopher Hildyard, Esquire. 
 Thomas Selwyn, Gent. 
 
 Mr. Hildyard, the sitting member, was again re-ulucted. 
 
 To the new Parliament, which mefc on 27fch Ojfcobor, IGOi, 
 the members returned for Hedon were : 
 
 1601. Christopher Hildyard, Esquire. 
 
 Matthew Patteson, Esquire. 
 
 Mr. Hildyard was again re-elected. 
 * So de^ci-ibed in the rarliamentary lieturn. 
 
Representative History. 
 
 147 
 
 JAMES I. 
 
 On the death of Qaeeii Elizabeth, 2ifch March, 1602, the 
 Parliament was dissolved and a new one was sumtnoiied, bat in 
 consequence of a dreadful plague in London it did not meet 
 until 19th March in the following year. The members 
 returned for Hedon, 5th March, 1503-4, were : 
 
 1603. Sir Christopher Hildyard, Knight. 
 Sir Henry Constable, Knight. 
 
 Sir Cliristopber Hildyard, the sitting inomber, was again re-elected. 
 
 Sir Henry Constable represented the Borough in 1584 and 1586. He 
 died before the meeting of Parliament. An election took place in 1G09, 
 when the member chosen in his stead was : 
 
 1609. Sir John Digby, Knight. 
 
 Previous to this election the following curious letter was 
 sent by the Corporation to the Lord Treasurer, Sir Robert 
 Cecil : 
 
 " Right Honoble our bounden duetie most liumblie premised. 
 
 " We have received your Honor's letters, wherein your Lordship desires 
 the nomynatinge of one of our burgesses for the Parliament in the place of 
 Sir Henry Constable, which request was scarse soe sone moved, as of us all 
 most gladly imbraced (althoughe we had partly promised it before to another, 
 when it sliould have happened, yet rather desireing to satistie your Honor 
 then any other herein, thinking ourselves greatly blessed of God and highely 
 graced by your Honor in haveing a Patron so worthie who hath such a 
 speciall care of us and our poore Corporation, as out of your Honor's Godly 
 wisdomo and mature consideration to provide us a Burgesse, both in religion 
 zealous and in other parts most worthie and sufficient to supplie the place 
 both to the generall good of the weale publicke, and the private good of our 
 owne selves, so we all with one consent doe give our whole voyces to your 
 
148 
 
 The History of Hedon. 
 
 good Lordship ; for the appoiiiteing of one of our burgesses for the next 
 session of Parliament (as we have alwayes lieretofore used). And seeing we 
 understand by His Majestie's procbiination (upon the receipte of your 
 Honor's letters) the Parliament to be prorogued untill the nynth of 
 Fabrur.ry next comeing, against wch tyme (God willing) there shall one 
 attend your Honor witli our election, accordinge to the foruie,with a blanck 
 to insert his name, unlesse your good Honor otherwise be pleased in the 
 meantyme to satisfie us of liis name and parts. And whereas our towne is 
 very poore, and tliey that preceeded in the said place, have alwayes bene 
 gentlemen of the best sorte and esteeme in the Countrie about us who 
 " rather have supported our desertes, then were any waies chargeable to our 
 poore Corporation; Therefore our humble desire to your Honor is that lie 
 may in all occasions about the same affaires be sucli a one as shall in every 
 respecte defrey his own charges, and no waies be burthensome to us ; and 
 thus referring thee state of our cause to your most honorable disposition, we 
 commend your Honor to the mercifull protection of the Almightie, [>rayiiig 
 continually for your Honor in health and hap[)ines longe to contynue. 
 Headon this 13th of November, 1609. 
 
 Your Honor's in all dutie to be cotnmanded 
 
 Jo. PoTTKS, Maior, witli tlie rest of his brethren."* 
 
 Sir John Digby was the son of Sir Everard Digb}'', wlio was kniglited 
 for his bravery by King James I. Sir Jolm Digby was a Colonel and a 
 Major-General in the army of King Ciiarles T. antl was killed in liis service. t 
 Sir John Digby's elder brother. Sir Kenelm Digby, of Gotliurst, a man of 
 great natural genius, called by Sir Edmund Leigh the ornament of 
 England," wrote several books, and was a great benefactor to the 13v)dleian 
 Library, t 
 
 The Parliament was dissolved by the King's proclamation 
 31st December, 1610, and no new Parliament was summoned 
 mitil the year 1614, when writs were issued for one to meet on 
 5th April in that year ; the representatives sent from Hedon 
 were : 
 
 * Smith's " 0/d Yorkshtrer N.S., vol. II., p. 277. 
 
 t Play fair's British Family Antiquity^' vol. I. p. 58 i. 
 
 I Ibid, I., 534. 
 
Re2^7*esentative History. 14-9 
 
 1614. Sir Christopher Hildyard, Knight. 
 Clement Coke, Esquire. 
 
 Sir Christopher Hiklyard, the sitting member, was re-elected fur tlic 
 the sixth time. 
 
 Mr. Clement Coke was the sixth son of Sir Edward Coke, Lord Chief 
 Justice of England, "the glory of the English common law." For using 
 some rash expressions in the House of Commons, which gave offence to the 
 Government, Mr. Coke was committed to the Tower, but was released, out of 
 the respect which the Government had for his falher. Mr. Coke died 23rd 
 May, 162(* ; a monument to his memory was erected in the Temple Church. 
 
 This Parliament was dissolved 6th June, 1619, and a new 
 one was summoned to meet on 30th January, 1620-1. The 
 members returned for Hedon were : 
 
 1620. Sir Matthew Boynton, Bart. 
 Sir Thomas Fairfax, Knight. 
 
 Sir Matthew Boynton, of Barmston, in Holderness, was knighted by 
 King James I. at Whiteliall, on 9th May, 1618, and on the 2ord of the same 
 month was created a Baronet of Great Britain. He was Higli Sheriff of 
 Yorkshire in 1G28, 1643, and 161:1. In 164:5 he was elected member of 
 Parliament for the Borough of Scarborough, and was made Governor of 
 Scarborough Castle. During the period of the Civil War, Sir Matthew 
 Boynton took the side of the Parliament, and became a General in the 
 Parliamentary Army. He was actively engaged all through the Civil War. 
 After the arrest of Sir John Hotham, the Governor of Hull, in 1613, the 
 custody of Hull was entrusted to the care of a Committee composed of eleven 
 gentlemen, amongst whom were Sir Matthew Boynton and the Mayor of 
 Hull (Mr. Thomas Kaikes). Sir Matthew Boynton died at Ilighgate, 
 Middlesex, in April, 1616. 
 
 Sir Thomas Fairfax, of Denton, also took an active part in the Civil 
 War on the Parliamentary side. He was a brave soldier, and for his 
 conspicuous gallantry was knighted by Lord Essex. On the 18th October, 
 1627, Sir Thomas Fairfax was created Baron Fairfax, of Cameron. The 
 
150 
 
 The History of Hedon. 
 
 following is Mr. Clement, Markham's account of the creation. ' Scotch 
 heralds came to Denton with a patent of nobility ; and in October, 1627, 
 they rode away to Boroughbridge, on their way to the North, with several 
 bags of money, while Sir Thomas Fairfax, of Denton, became Baron Fairfax, 
 of Cameron, in the peerage of Scotland."* He died 1st May, 1640, at the 
 advanced age of 80 years, and was buried in the Church at Otley. 
 
 The Parliament was dissolved in 1621. A new Parliament 
 was summoned for the 12th February, 1G23. The members 
 returned for Hedon were : 
 
 1623. Sir Thomas Fairfax, Knight. 
 
 Sir Christopher Hildyard, Knight. 
 
 Sir Thomas Fairfax, the sitting member, was re-elected. 
 
 Sir Christopher Hildyard had bceti several times previously elected 
 member for the Borough. 
 
 CHAELES I. 
 
 King James I. died 16bh March, 1625, and Charles I. having 
 succeeded to the Throne, writs were issued o i 2 id April, 1623, 
 summoning a new Parliament to meet on the 7th May 
 following ; bat on acGoanfc of the arrival of the Princess 
 Henrietta of France, whom the King had espoused by proxy, 
 Parliament was prorogued to the 13bh and thenc3 to the ISbh 
 June. The representatives sent by this Borough wore : 
 
 1625. Sir Thomas Fairfax, Knight. 
 
 Sir Christopher Hildyard, Knight. 
 
 8ir Thomas Fairfax and Sir Christopher Hildyard represented the 
 Borough in tlie last Parliainent, and were both re-elected. 
 
 •* Markham's IJisiory of the great Lord Jaif/ax, V' ^4 ; Smith's Old Yorkshire,I\.,\).2\{j. 
 
Representative History, 151 
 
 In February, 1625-6, which was still the first year of his 
 reign, the King thought proper to summon a new Parliament, 
 which met at Westminster on the 6th of the same month, 
 when 
 
 1626. Sir Thomas Fairfax, Knight. 
 
 Sir Christopher Hildyard, Knight. 
 
 the sitting members, were both re-elected. 
 
 On 14th June, 1626, the King resolved, notwithstanding 
 a remonstrance by the House of Peers, to dissolve the 
 Parliament, but writs were not issued for a new one until the 
 following year, when a Parliament was summoned to meet at 
 Westminster, on 17th March, 1627-8 ; the members returned 
 for this Borough were 
 
 1627. Sir Christopher Hildyard, Knight. 
 Thomas Alured, Gent. 
 
 Sir Christopher Hiklyartl, the sitting meniber, was ngaiii re-elected. 
 
 Mr. Tliomas Alured was the son of Mr. John Alured, member of Parlia- 
 ment for Hull in 1584 and 1586, and grandson of Thomas Alured, wlio was 
 member for the same town in 1558.* The Alureds were a Hull family of 
 some importance, one of whom, Johannes Alured, was summoned to appear 
 and enter his pedigree at Glover's Visitation of Yorkshire in 1612. His 
 name appears as "Johannes Alured de Charterhouse, in Hullshire, * Ar. and 
 Just.' "t Mr. Thomas Alured died May, 1638, and was buried in S. Anne's, 
 Blackfriars, London. 
 
 * Bean's Representaiwn of the i>ix Northern Counties^ p. 824. 
 t Glover's Visitations. 
 
152 
 
 The History of Hedon. 
 
 The King having dissolved the Parliament in 1629, a long 
 interval occurs without any mention of a Parliament. It was 
 not until the ye:ar 1640 that the King, by the advice of his 
 Council, was induced to summon a Parliament, which met on 
 11th April; the members then returned for this Borough 
 were : 
 
 1640. Sir Philip Stapletoii, Knight. 
 John Alured, Esquire. 
 
 Sir Philip Stapletoii was the son of Henry Stapleton, of Wighill, 
 Yorkshire, a branch of the family of Stapleton, of Carlton Towers, now 
 Barons Beaumont. Sir Philip Stapleton was one of the eleven members of 
 the House of Commons against whom the officers of the Army framed 
 articles of impeachment, charging them with conspiring against the liberties 
 of the subject, and with fomenting jealousies between the Parliament and 
 the Army. He was also one of the five Members of Parliament whom King 
 Charles I. went to the House of Commons to demand. He was eminent for 
 his extraordinary valour and boldness of spirit, which may be conjectured 
 by his attempt to cope singly with Prince Rupert.* In Se})tember, 1647, 
 was published " a short and true narrative of the dc[)arture from England, 
 sickness, and death of that late worthy Knight, Sir Philip Stapleton." Sir 
 Philip Stapleton died at Calais in August, 1647, and was denied Christian 
 burial, upon imagination that he was infected with the plague. J 
 
 Mr. John Alured was the nephew of Thomas Alured, who represented 
 this Borough in 1627 ; he was baptised at Preston, 4th April, 1607 ; and 
 was a lawyer of Gray's Inn.f He was, during tlie Civil War, a staunch 
 adherent to the Parliamentary Party, and was a Colonel in the Parliamentary 
 Army. Mr. Alured was one of the members of Parliament who sat as 
 judges upon the trial of King Charles I. and signed the Death Warrant for 
 his execution. After tlie Restoration it was resolved by Parliament that all 
 persons who sat on judgment on the late King should be secured and 
 executed, but afterwards it was ordered that some of them against whom 
 
 * Play fair's British Faintly Antiquity, % Ibid. 
 
 t Bean's Representation of the Stx Northern Counties, p. 787. 
 
Re/presentative History. 
 
 158 
 
 was Mr. Alured, should be spared for life. Col. Alured is said to have 
 died at Hull, and was buried in S. Mary's Church, Soulcoates. He 
 is described in the register of that Churcli as " Esquire," the only 
 instance of that title in the register for a period of one hundred and fifty 
 years. A silver cup, which is now in the possession of the Corporation, 
 marked " I.A. 1640," was presented by Mr. Alured either to the Corporation 
 or to the Church ; there can be little doubt but that this cuj) was ori^^iiwilly 
 a chalice and was presented by Mr. Alured to the latter. 
 
 The King dissolved the Parhameiit on 4th May, 1640, 
 and, whilst sitting with his great Council of Peers at York, 
 summoned a Parliament to meet at Westminster on 3rd 
 November, to which Parliament the representatives sent from 
 Hedon were : 
 
 1640. Sir William Strickland, Knight. 
 John Alured, Esquire. 
 
 Sir William Strickland, of Boynton, in Yorkshire, was the son of Walter 
 Strickland, Esq., of Boynton ; he received the honour of Knighthood in 
 June, 1630, and was created a Baronet in Jul}', 1641. He was a person of 
 consideration during tlie Protectorate, and was one of the representatives in 
 Parliament for the East Riding of Yorkshire. He died 17th December, 
 1663, and was buried at Boynton. 
 
 Mr. John Alured represented Hedon in the last Parliament, and was 
 re-elected. A petition of Col. Alured being read 16th August, 1649, the 
 House of Commons ordered that £2,000 be forthwith advanced and paid to 
 him upon account, and that the petition be referred to a Committee to 
 - consider how the £2,000 might be speedily advanced and paid accordingly, 
 and to examine the residue of the petition, and present to the House some 
 way how further reparation might be made unto him for his losses. 
 
 INTEEEEGNUM. 
 
 On 6th June, 1653, Oliver Cromwell summoned a Parlia- 
 
154- The History of Hedon. 
 
 ment to meet on 4th July, to which no return was 
 made from Hedon. This Parhament, or rather Convention, 
 lasted but a short time, and on Sunday, 3rd September, 1654, 
 Cromwell's second Parliament was summoned, but again no 
 representative was returned from Hedon. 
 
 This Parliament was dissolved on 22nd January, 1655, and 
 a new one summoned in July, 1656, called Cromwell's Third 
 Parliament," to which Hedon again sent no representative. 
 This Parliament was dissolved by Cromwell on 4th 
 February, 1657. 
 
 Oliver Cromwell died 3rd September, 1657, and his son, 
 Eichard Cromwell, who was declared Protector, summoned a 
 Parliament to be holden on 27th January, 1658. To this 
 Parliament the representatives sent were : 
 
 1658. Sir Thomas Strickland, Baronet. 
 Matthew Alured, Esquire. 
 
 Sir Thomas Strickland was the only son of Sir William Strickland, 
 Bart., the member in the last Parliament. He sat in the last Parliamen t of 
 the Commonwealtli for the Borough of Beverley. He died 20th November, 
 1680, and was buried at Boynton. 
 
 Mr. Matthew Alured was the brother of John Alured, who represented 
 Hedon in 1640. He was a Colonel in the Parliamentary Army. He after- 
 wards became disaffected to the Protector, by reason of which he was 
 deprived of his commission, and was committed to prison for drawing up a 
 petition of an inflammatory nature. Col. Alured gave to the Corporation of 
 Hedon, whilst he was the representative of the Borough, a large silver cup 
 marked "The guift of Coll: Math. Alured to the Corporation of Hedon 
 1658." 
 
Representative Ilistori/. 
 
 155 
 
 CHARLES II. 
 On 16fch March, 15G9, an Act was passed for dissolving the 
 Parharnent known as the " Long ParUanient " (which heg.in 
 in 1640) as from that day, and a new one was suminoned for 
 the 25th April, 1660, commonly called the Convention 
 Parliament," which was sitting at the return of King Charles IL, 
 and voted his restoration. The members returned from Hedon 
 to this Parliament were 
 
 1660. Sir Hugh Bethell, Knight. 
 John Cleobury, Esquire. 
 
 Sir Hugh Bethell was the son of Hugh Bethell, of Rise, and grandson 
 of Koger Bethell, who first acquired the Rise Estate. At the general 
 election he was elected Member of Parliament for the Borough of Beverley, 
 but he preferred to represent Hedon, and a new writ was in consequence 
 ordered for Bjverley. Sir Hugh Bethell took an active part in the unhappy 
 disputes between the King and the Parliament. During the siege of Hull 
 he had the command of a regiment of Infantry under General Monk, and in 
 recognition of his loyalty he received the honour of Knighthood 29th 
 December, 1658. He served the office of High Sheriff of Yorkshire in 1652. 
 During the time Sir Hugh Bethell represented this Borough he contributed 
 largely to the CharitieSj and by his will he left the sum of fifty shillings a 
 year (whicli he charged upon his estate at Rise) for the use of the poor of 
 Hedon for ever. He died 3rd October, 1679, and was buried at Rise. 
 
 Mr. John Cleobury was a descendant of the ancient family of Cleobury, 
 of Bradstone, Devonshire. He was a Colonel in the Army in Scotland under 
 General Monk. Mr. Cleobury was knighted in June 1660. He was in a 
 great measure instrumental in bringing about the Restoration. At the same 
 election Col. Cleobury was also elected for Launceston, and having decided 
 to sit for that Borough, a fresh election took place on 30th June, 1660, 
 when 
 
 Henry Hildyard, Esquire. 
 
 was duly elected in his> stead. 
 
156 The History of Hedon. 
 
 Mr. Henry Hildyard was the eldest sou of Sir Oliristoplier Hildyard, of 
 Wiiiestead. He was an enthusiastic Koyalist, and was a great sufferer in 
 his estates for his loyalty to King Charles 1. He was fined by the House of 
 Commons in 1647 in the large sum of £i,G60 for the offence of being in 
 arms against Parliament. Mr. Hildyard was afterwards appointed 
 Chamberlain of the Exchequer. He died at his seat at East Horsley, 
 in Surrey, in January 167-:^. 
 
 This Parliament having been dissolved by the King on 24th 
 December, 1660, a new Parliament met on the 8th of May, 
 1661, commonly called the ''Pensionary Parliament," so called 
 because it was afterwards discovered that many of the members 
 received pensions from the Court. The representatives in this 
 Parliament were for the most part elected through the influence 
 of the Court. The members returned for Hedon were : 
 
 1661. Sir Hugh Bethell, Knight. 
 
 Sir Matthew Appleyard, Knight. 
 
 Sir Hugh Bethell represented Hedon in the last Parliament and was 
 re-elected. 
 
 Sir Matthew Appleyard, of Burstwick Garth, in Holderness, was the 
 son of Thomas Appleyard, a descendant of a family whose residence for 
 ' several generations was at Barstwick Girtli. In the Civil War, Sir 
 Matthew Appleyard took the part of the Royalists, and was knighted on 
 the field by King Charles I. in June, 164:5. On the taking of Leicester the 
 King appointed him Lieutenant Governor of that Town. He was one of 
 the King's Customers for the port of Hull, and was a zealous sup[)orter of 
 Church and State. Sir Matthew Appleyard married the daughter of Sir 
 William Pelham, of Brocklesby, Lincolnshire. The house at Burstwick Garth, 
 the residence of the Appleyards (which stood near to South Park on tlie nortli 
 side) was pulled down at the beginning of the eighteentli ceniury, and a 
 farmhouse, still called Burstwick Old Hall, was built on the site. Sir Mattliew 
 Appleyard died 20th February, 16G9, and was buried at Bui-stwick. On the 
 chancel floor in Burstwick Church a large stone marks the place of his 
 
Rep7xsentative History. 
 
 157 
 
 burial and that of liis wife, with the following inscription : 
 
 " Here lyeth the body of Sir Mattw. Appleyard, Knight, who at the 
 time of his death was a mem. of the Honble Howse of Commons of Engd. 
 for the Corporation of Headon and one of His Maits. customers for the Port 
 of Kingston-upon-HuU : who departed this life the xx day of Feby an 16G9 
 in ye Ixiij yeare of his age being a worthy favorite and assertor of tlie riglits 
 of the Church and Kingdom. — Here also lieth the body of his vertuous lady 
 Frances Appleyard who died the xxix day Decern an 1683 in the Ixvi yr of 
 her age." 
 
 On the death of Sir Matthew Appleyard, the election of his 
 successor took place on 8th March, 1669, when 
 
 1669. Henry G-ny, Esquire, 
 
 was elected the representative of the Borough of Hedon in his 
 stead. 
 
 Mr. Guy was a man of considerable political importance. He repre- 
 sented the Borough in six successive Parliaments in the reigns of King 
 Cliarles II., King James H., and King William II[. He was a great 
 favourite of King Charles II. who presented to him the beautiful mansion 
 and estate at Tring, in the County of Herts (recently purchased by Baron 
 Rothschild) where he resided. Mr. Guy contrived to keep as much in 
 Court favour with King William III. as he had been with Charles II., and 
 was Secretary to the Treasury during part of the reign of the former. 
 From the Revenue Accounts for the year 1694-5, there appears to have 
 passed through his hands upwards of £37,000 for secret services.* The 
 avarice of Mr. Guy, and the unscrupulous manner with which he dealt with 
 the public money, caused much dissatisfaction to the anti-court party ; and 
 when, in 1694:-5, he was committed by order of Parliament to the Tower, 
 for taking, as a member of the House of Commons, a bribe of two hundred 
 guineas, the Court durst not venture to screen him from the indignation he 
 had incurred.! Mr. Guy was made a free Burgess of Hedon on 2nd August, 
 1669, and was chosen member for the Borough. He gave £20 a year to the 
 Corporation for ever, to be disposed of as follows : — To the Mayor for the 
 
 Parltameutary History. f I^id. 
 
158 
 
 The History of Hedon. 
 
 time being, £5 ; to the Minister of tlie Ciuirch of St. Augustine for the time 
 being, £3 ; and for paving the streets, £3 ; to the Burgesses, when they 
 meet at the Court Leet, twice a year, £1 at each Court; and to the poor of 
 Hedon, £2. He also gave, at the time he was admitted a freeman, a large 
 silver cup and silver salver. The above sums have long since ceased to be 
 paid, and the cup and salver are not now to be found amongst the Corpora- 
 tion plate. In addition to the above gifts, Mr. Guy gave to the Corporation 
 the present large mace. He also erected, in the year 1693, at kis own 
 charge, the present Town-hall, for the Mayor, Aldermen, and Burgesses to 
 assemble in upon public business ; but it appears that £500 had been given 
 by the Government, to be laid out on the Borough of Hedon, with which 
 sum, in all probability, the present Town-hall was built, although Mr. Guy 
 had the credit for that aot of liberality. A full-length portrait of Mr. Guy 
 now hangs in the Town-hall. Mr. Guy also procured the confirmation of a 
 by-law for recovering a penalty of £60 for refusing to be Mayor, and £40 
 for refusing to be Bailiff. 
 
 The above Parliament, which had continued nearly eighteen 
 years, was dissolved by proclamation on 24th January, 
 1678-9 ; and, in the same proclamation, notice was given of 
 the King's intention to call another Parliament to meet on 
 6th March following. The members returned for the Borough 
 of Hedon were : 
 
 1678. Sir Hugh Bethell, Knight. 
 Henry Guy, Esquire. 
 
 Both Sir Hugh Bethell and Mr. Guy represented the Borough in the 
 last Parliament, and were re-elected. 
 
 ParHament having been dissolved by proclamation in 
 August, 1679, a new Parliament was summoned to meet on 
 7th October following, which, after several prorogations, 
 actually met for the dispatch of business on 21st October, 1680. 
 The members returned for the Borough were : 
 
Repyx'sentative History. 
 1679. Sir Hugh Bethell, Knight. 
 Henry Guy, Esquire. 
 
 159 
 
 Sir Hugh Beth ell, who sat in the last Parliament, was re-elected. 
 
 Mr. Guy, who also sat for Hedon in the last Parliament, was re-elected. 
 
 Sir Hugh Bethell died before the assembHng of Parliament, 
 and the election of his sucessor took place in November, 1680, 
 when 
 
 1680. Sir William Boynton, Bart., 
 was elected. 
 
 Sir William Boynton, 3rd Bart., was the eldest surviving son of Sir 
 Francis Boynton, of Barmston, in Holderness. He was an officer in the 
 regiment of Militia of which his father was the Colonel ; and was also a 
 Lieut.-Colonel in the Army. He married, at Kise, Elizabeth, daughter and 
 co-heir of John Barnard, Esq., of Hull. Sir William Boynton died 17th 
 August, 1689, and was buried at Burton Agnes, where his widow founded 
 and endowed a Hospital for the benefit of the female servants of the family, 
 when indisposed, or in the decline of life. 
 
 This Parliament was dissolved by the King, 20th January, 
 1680-1, and a new one was opened at the city of Oxford on 
 21st March following, where the Gallery of the Public Schools 
 was prepared for the Lords, and the Convocation House for the 
 Commons. The same two members were returned from Hedon 
 as represented the Borough in the previous Parliament. 
 
 1681. Henry Guy, Esquire. 
 
 Sir William Boynton, Bart. 
 
160 
 
 The History of Hedon. 
 
 JAMES II. 
 
 King Charles II. died 6th February, 1684-5, the Parliament 
 thereupon became dissolved, and a new Parliament met 19th 
 May, 1685. The members returned from the Borough of 
 Hedon were : 
 
 1685. Henry Guy, Esquire. 
 
 Sir Charles Buncombe, Knight. 
 
 Mr. Henry Guy, who sat in the iast Parliament, was re-elected. 
 
 Sir Charles Duncombe, of Barford, Wilts, was a goldsmith and banker 
 in London. He was knighted at Kensington Gore, 20th October, 1669. 
 He was elected Sheriff of London in 1690, was made an Alderman in 1700, 
 and Lord Mayor in 1708. Sir Charles had many heavy money transactions 
 and he was tried in the Court of Queen's Bench for having falsely endorsed 
 Exchequer Bills. It was resolved by the House of Commons, without any 
 division, that he should be sent to the Tower, that he should be kept a close 
 prisoner there, and expelled the House.* He purchased tlie estate of 
 Helmsley for £90,000, which was said to have been tlie largest purchase 
 ever made by any subject in England. Sir Charles Duncombe was made a 
 free Burgess of the Borough, and chosen member of Parliament for the 
 Corporation in the year 1685. He gave to the Corporation a huge silver 
 flagon. He also gave four new bells to St. Augustine's Cliurch, and £50 in 
 money to defray the charges of casting the old bell into two, to nuike six 
 tunable bells." 
 
 This Parliament, after many prorogations, was dissolved by 
 proclamation on 2nd July, 1687, and on 22Qd January, 1688-9, 
 a Convention met at Westminster agreeably to the letters 
 issued by the Prince of Orange, at the desire of the Lords and 
 Commons and Citizens of London. The following represented 
 Hedon at this Convention : 
 
 * Macaulay, History of Eftgland, vol. v., p. ;{8. 
 
Representative History. 
 
 1688. Henry G-iiy, Esquire. 
 
 Matthew Appleyard, Esquire. 
 
 Sir Charles Duucombe, the late member, was a candidate, but was 
 defeated. 
 
 Mr. Henry Guy, who sat in the last Parliament, was re-elected. 
 
 Mr. Matthew Appleyard was the son of Sir Matthew Appleyard, 
 Knight, formerly member for this Borough. He was a Major in the Army. 
 Mr. Appleyard presented the handsome silver tankard, known as the " Peg 
 Tankard," to the Corporation of Hcdon. He died in London, and was 
 buried at Burstwick. 
 
 WILLIAM AND MARY. 
 This Convention was dissolved on 6th February, 1689-90, 
 and a new Parliament was summoned to meet on 20th 
 March following. The representatives returned were • 
 
 1690. Henry Gray, Esquire. 
 
 Matthew Appleyard, Esquire. 
 
 both of whom sat for this Borough in the last Parliament, and 
 were re-elected. 
 
 WILLIAM III. 
 
 This Parliament continued until 10th October, 1695, when 
 it was dissolved, and a new Parliament met at Westminster on 
 22nd November, in the same year. The members returned 
 were : 
 
 1695. Charles, Lord Spencer. 
 Sir William Trumball. 
 
162 
 
 The History of Hedon. 
 
 Charles, Lord Spencer, was the son of the Earl of Sunderland, whom he 
 succeeded as third Earl in September, 1702. He held many important 
 offices in the State. Lord Spencer was at the same General Election chosen 
 member for Tiverton, and he elected to sit for that place. 
 
 Sir William Trumball was an advocate at Doctors' Commons, and 
 Chancellor and Vicar General of the Diocese of Rochester. Sir William 
 Trumball having been, at the same General Election, elected by tlie 
 University of Oxford, he chose to sit for the University. 
 
 A fresh election was in consequence held, when the 
 members returned were : 
 
 1695. Sir Thomas Frankland, Baronet. 
 Hugh Bethell, Esquire. 
 
 Sir Thomas Frankland, of Thirkleby, in the County of York, wns 
 connected by marriage with Oliver Cromwell, he having married Elizabeth, 
 daughter of Sir John Eussell, Bart., by Frances, the daughter of Cromwell. 
 Sir Thomas Frankland obtained a considerable estate at Chiswick from his 
 uncle, Thomas, Earl of Fauconberg, who had married Mar^'^, another 
 daughter of Cromwell. 
 
 Mr. Hugh Bethell, of Rise, was the son of John Bethell, Esq., of 
 Skirlaugh, and nephew and heir of Sir Hugh Bethell, formerly member for 
 Hedon. Mr. Bethell died 2nd February, 1716. 
 
 On 7th July, 1698, the Parliament was dissolved, having 
 sat its period of three years, in which, as the King said, great 
 things had been done. The whole money of England had been 
 re-coined ; the King had succeeded in his government ; an 
 honourable peace had been made ; the public credit had been 
 restored ; and the payment of public debts had been put on 
 sure funds.* The new Parliament met at Westminster on 
 
 Parliamentary History. 
 
Representative History. 16S 
 
 24th August, 1698; the members returned for this Borough 
 were : 
 
 1698. Hugh Bethell, Esquire. 
 
 Anthony Duncombe, Esquire. 
 
 Mr. Hugh Bethell represented the Borough in the last Parliament, and 
 was re-elected, 
 
 Mr. Anthony Duncombe was the brother of Sir Charles Duncombe, who 
 represented the Borough in 1G85. He was the father of Anthony, first 
 Lord Fever^ham. He died 14th April, 1708. 
 
 This Parliament was dissolved 19th December, 1700, and a 
 new Parliament called to meet at Westminster 6th February, 
 1700-1. The representatives sent to this Parliament from 
 Hedon were : 
 
 1701. Anthony Duncombe, Esquire. 
 
 Sir Kobert Bedingfield, Knight. 
 
 Mr. Anthony Duncombe, the representative for Hedon in the last 
 Parliament, was re-elected. 
 
 Sir Robert Bedingfield was the brother of Sir Henry Bedingfield, Lord 
 Chief Justice of the Court of Queen's Bench. He was knighted in 1697. 
 Sir Robert Bedingfield was an Alderman of London, Sheriff of London in 
 1702, and Lord Mayor in 1707. 
 
 This Parliament sat only until 11th December, 1701, 
 when it was dissolved, and another was summoned to meet on 
 30th December of the same year. The representatives for 
 Hedon were : 
 
 1701. 
 
 Anthony Duncombe, Esquire. 
 Sir Kobert Hildyard, Baronet. 
 
164 
 
 The History of Hedon. 
 
 Mr. Anthony Duncombe, member for the Borough in the hist Parlia- 
 ment, was again re-elected. 
 
 Sir Robert Hildyard, of Winestead, second Baronet, was the son of 
 Christopher Hildyard, Esq., of Winestead, and grandson of Sir Robert 
 Hildyard, the first Baronet. Sir Robert HiUlyard, the second Baronet, 
 built the present Winestead Hall. He died 9th November, 1729, and was 
 buried at Winestead. 
 
 ANNE. 
 
 By the death of King William III., on 8th March, 
 1701, the Parliament, which constitutionally would determine 
 six months after the death of the King, was dissolved before 
 that time by Queen Anne, who thought fit to exercise her 
 royal prerogative and summon a Parliament to meet at West- 
 minster on 20th August, 1702; the representatives returned 
 from Hedon were : 
 
 1702. Sir Charles Dancombe, Knight. 
 Henry Guy, Esquire. 
 
 Sir Charles Duncombe represented this Borough in 1678. 
 
 Mr. Henry Guy also represented the Borough from 1678 to 1690. He 
 died 23rd February, 1710, and left £500 a year and £40,000 in cash to Mr. 
 Wm. Pulteney, who succeeded him in the representation of this Borough.* 
 
 At this time the Queen did not openly interfere with the 
 elections, but the country was given to understand plainly that 
 her inclinations were towards the Tory party, hence the re- 
 election of the above members, who had been excluded from 
 Parliament during the preceding reign. 
 
 Dictionary of National Biography y vol, xxiii., p. 281). 
 
William Pultknf.y, Karl oi.^ Eatii, 
 M.P. for Hedon, 1705-1727. 
 
Representative History. 
 
 1G5 
 
 At this election Sir Charles Duncornbe was elected also to 
 represent the Borough of Downton, for which place he elected 
 to sit. A vacancy was consequently caused in the representa- 
 tion of Hedon. 
 
 1702. Anthony Duncornbe, Esquire, 
 who formerly represented the Borough, was again elected. 
 
 The above Parliament, according to the Triennial Act, 
 expiring on 5th April, 1705, a proclamation was issued for 
 dissolving it, and a new Parliament was called, which met on 
 25th October, 1705. The members returned for Hedon 
 were : 
 
 1705. Anthony Duncombe, Esquire. 
 William Pulteney, Esquire. 
 
 Mr. AnUioii}' DLiucombe, who sat for the Borough in the last Parlia- 
 ment, was re-elected. 
 
 Mr. Pulteney was only twenty-three years of age when lie was returned 
 as Member of Parliament for the Borough of Hedon ; he soon distinguished 
 himself in the House of Commons as a warm partisan against the ministry 
 of Queen Anne. The services of Mr. Pulteney were rewarded by King 
 George I. on his coming to the Throne by being promoted, in the year 1714, 
 to the office of Secretary of State for War, and in 1723 he was appointed 
 Cofferer to the King's Household, and was made a Privy Councillor. Mr, 
 Pulteney was for several years the bitter opponent in Parliament of Sir 
 Robert Walpole ; his persistent opposition to the favourite Minister of 
 the Crown became at length so obnoxious to the King that on 1st 
 July, 1731, he (the King), in a violent rage, called for the Council Book, 
 and, with his own hand, struck Mr. Pulteney's name out of the list of 
 Councillors, and ordered him to be displaced from all Commissions of the 
 Peace. This violent proceeding on the part of the King had the effect of 
 
166 
 
 The History of Hedon. 
 
 increasing the popularity of Mr. Piilteney. The political struggle ended in 
 the resignation of Sir Kobert Walpole and his elevation to the House of 
 Lords, and in the restitution of Mr. Pulteuey to the Privy Council, and 
 ultimately to his being created, litli July, 1742, a Peer of the Kealm by the 
 titles of Baron Hedon, Viscount Pulteney, and Earl of Bath. 
 
 The following letter amongst the Corporation records* was written by 
 Mr. Pultenej^ to the Mayor of Hedon on the occasion of his elevatiou to the 
 Peerage. 
 
 '* Mr. Mayor and Gentlemen, 
 
 I take this occasion of writing you a Publick letter to congratulate 
 with you on the good success we have had in all the Causes lately tried in 
 the King's Bench .f However expensive they may have been I shall not 
 repine at the charge of them Provided quiet is obtained to the Corporation. 
 Give me leave further to acquaint you that His Majesty has been so good 
 and gracious to me as to create me a Peer of Great Britain by the Style and 
 Title of Baron Hedon, Vicount Pulteney, of Wrington, and Earl of Bath , and 
 it is a great satisfaction to me to be called to a seat in the House of Lords 
 by the name of that place for which I have so often and so long had the 
 Honour to sit in the House of Commons. Mr. WaterlandJ and Mr. Dawsun§ 
 set out tomorrow and will be able to give you a more particular account 
 than I have done. 
 
 Mr. Mayor and Gentlemen, I am. 
 
 Your most obedient and most 
 
 humble servant, 
 
 London, 13th July, 1742. Wm. Pulteney. 
 
 To Mr. Pudsey, Mayor of Hedon, 
 
 near Holderness. 
 
 Wm. Pulteney." 
 
 Mr. Pulteney was Lord Lieutenant of the East Riding, aud, amongst 
 other benefactions to the Borough, he erected, in the year 1733, a useful and 
 convenient Market house in the Market place. He as the Earl of Bath died 8tli 
 July, 1764, and was buried in Westminster Abbey. His political career was 
 well expressed by the witty Sir Charles Hanbury Williams, in an epigram 
 " to be affixed on the door of Bath House, Piccadilly 
 
 Here, dead to fame, lives patriot Will ; his grave — a lordly seat ; 
 His title proves his epitaph ; his robes, his winding sheet. || 
 * Iveson's Collections. 
 
 t Probably alluding to the petition against the election of Mr. Chute and Mr. 
 Robinson, by which they were unseated, and the Earl of Montrath and Mr. Berkeley 
 declared duly elected. 
 
 X Mr. Alderman Waterland, Attorney at Law. 
 
 § Mr. Dawson, Attorney at Law and Town Clerk. 
 
 II Complete Feerage, vol. i., p. 2G7. 
 
Repi^esmtative History. 
 
 167 
 
 The Parliament being at an end, the Queen, by virtue of a 
 clause ill the Act of Union, revived it by proclamation, and 
 declared her pleasure to hold the Parliament on 23rd 
 October, 1707. 
 
 Mr. Anthony Dancombe, having been appointed one of the 
 Commissioners of Prizes, had to vacate his seat. A new writ 
 was, in consequence, issued on 18th November, 1707, 
 when 
 
 1707. Anthony Duncombe, Esquire, 
 was re-elected. 
 
 This Parliament was dissolved by proclamation on 13th 
 April, 1708, and a new Parliament was summoned which met 
 on 16th November following. The members returned for 
 Hedon were : 
 
 1708. William Pulteney, Esquire, 
 Hugh Cholmley, Esquire. 
 
 Mr. Pulteney, who represented tbe Borough in the last Parliament, was 
 re-elected. 
 
 Mr. Hugh Cholmley was the son of Nathaniel Cholmley, of London, an 
 East Indian diamond merchant, the ancestor of the Cholmleys of Howsham 
 and Whitby, now represented by the Stricklands of Yorkshire. Mr. Hugh 
 Cholmley was High Sheriff of Yorkshire in 1724, and held for some time 
 the lucrative government appointments of Commissioner of the Victualling 
 Office and Surveyor General of His Majesty's Crown Lands. 
 
 The Queen, having resolved to change her Ministry, 
 dissolved the Parliament in September, 1710, and directed 
 
168 
 
 The History of Hedon. 
 
 writs to be issued for a new Parliament to meet on 25th 
 November, 1710. The same members were returned as sat in 
 the last Parliament, viz.: 
 
 1710. William Pulteney, Esquire, 
 Hugh Cholmley, Esquire. 
 
 At this election Mr. Wickliam was a candidate and petitioned against 
 the return of Mr. Pulteney. He asserted that he was duly elected and ought to 
 have been returned, that Mr. Pulteney got votes by bribery and illegal 
 practices, and was returned to his (petitioner's) injury ; but no report 
 appears to have been made on the petition. 
 
 The Parliament having been dissolved in November, 1713, 
 a new one met on 16th February, 1714, when the two 
 sitting members for the Borough were again returned, viz.: 
 
 1713. William Pulteney, Esquire, 
 Hugh Cholmley, Esquire. 
 
 GEOEGE I. 
 
 Queen Anne having died on 1st August, 1714, Parlia- 
 ment met at Westminster on the afternoon of the same day, 
 pursuant to the act which regulated the succession, and 
 continued to sit until 25th of the same month, when it was 
 dissolved. A new Parliament was summoned to meet on 
 17th March, 1715. The two sitting members were again 
 returned for the Borough, viz.: 
 
 1715. William Pulteney, Esquire, 
 Hugh Cholmley, Esquire. 
 
Representative 11 is t ury. 
 
 169 
 
 Mr. Cholmley, having been a})pointe(l a Commissioner of the Victualling 
 Office in 1721, vacated liis seat, but was re-elected.* 
 
 The Septennial Act, extending the duration of Parliament 
 for seven years instead of three, was passed in 1716 by a large 
 majority of the House of Commons, being carried by the Whig 
 party and hotly opposed by the Tories. Both the members for 
 the Borough of Hedon voted for the measure. On 10th March, 
 1722, a proclamation was issued for the dissolution of this 
 Parliament, and the calling of another, which met on 9th 
 October, 1722. The members returned for Hedon were : 
 
 1722. William Pulteney, Esquire, 
 Daniel Pulteney, Esquire, 
 
 Mr. William Pulteney was again re-elected. 
 
 Mr. Daniel Pulteney was a cousin of the sitting member, Mr. William 
 Pulteney ; he was a man of vast application and uncommon talents, a cold 
 but weiglity speaker."t Mr. Daniel Pulteney was also, at the same election, 
 chosen as member for Preston, in Lancashire, and, having elected to sit for 
 that place, a fresh election occurred on 25th October, 1722, when 
 
 1722. Henry Pulteney, Esquire. 
 
 was elected to represent the Borough. 
 
 Mr. Henry Pulteney was a younger brother of Mr. Daniel Pulteney. 
 He was equerry to King George I. and a General in the Army. In 1743 he 
 was made Governor of Hull, and represented that town in 1746. 
 
 Mr. William Pulteney, having been made Cofferer of the King's House- 
 hold, had to vacate his seat in Parliament. He was, however, on 27th 
 May, 1723, re-elected member for this Borough, having been in the same 
 month sworn as a member of the Privy Council. 
 
 * According to Bean's Parliamentary Representation, p. 814, Mr. Daniel Pulteney 
 was elected, 
 
 + Tindall. 
 
170 
 
 The Histoi^y of Hedon. 
 GEORGE II. 
 
 King George I. died 11th June, 1727, and Parliament was 
 dissolved 7th August, 1727. A new Parliament was summoned, 
 which met on 23rd January, 1728. The two sitting members 
 were re-elected, viz.: 
 
 1728. Rt. Hon. William Pulteney, 
 Henry Pulteney, Esquire. 
 
 This Parliament was dissolved 18th April, 1734, and a new 
 Parliament summoned, which met on 14th January, 1735. 
 The members returned for Hedon were : 
 
 1735. Sir Francis Boynton, Bart., 
 The Hon. George Berkley.. 
 
 Mr. William Pulteney, the late member for the Borough, was at this 
 election chosen member for Middlesex. 
 
 Sir Francis Boynton, of Burton Agnes, the fourth Baronet, was a 
 Barrister at law, and Kecorder of Beverley. He was, during the time he 
 represented the Borough of Hedon, appointed one of the members by the 
 House of Commons, in 1736, to address Queen Caroline, on the Prince of 
 Wales' marriage; and subsequently, on 3rd February, 1739, he presented an 
 address of congratulation to their Royal Highnesses on the birth of Prince 
 Edward. Sir Francis Boynton, on his election, gave to the Corporation of 
 Hedon the sum of fifty pounds, to be laid out in beautifying the Church. 
 
 The Hon. George Berkley was the fourth and youngest son of Charles, 
 second Earl of Berkley. He represented the Port of Dover in the previous 
 Parliament. Mr. Berkley was, in 1733, constituted Master Governor and 
 Keeper of the Hospital of St. Catharine, near the Tower. He married the 
 widow of the Earl of Suffolk, a celebrated woman in her day, and well- 
 known as the favourite of King George II. Mr. Berkley, on being elected 
 member for Hedon, gave a new altar piece and table for the Church, and 
 presented the Corporation with sixty guineas in money. He also, during 
 
Hon. George Berkley, 
 Rear Admiral of the Red Squadron, 
 AND M P. for Hedon, 1734-1746. 
 
Representative History. 171 
 
 the time he represented the Borough, gave several sums of money to the 
 poor. He died at Bath, 29th October, 1746. 
 
 Sir Francis Boynton, Baronet, one of the sitting members for the 
 Borough, died in 1739, and an election took place in November of that year, 
 when 
 
 1739. Henry Pulteney, Esquire, 
 
 who represented tlie Borough of Hedon in 1727, was elected in his stead. 
 
 This Parliament was dissolved 25th April, 1741, and a new 
 Parliament met on 1st December following. At this election 
 there were four candidates, viz.: Francis Chute, Esq., Luke 
 Eobinson, Esq., the Earl of Mountrath, and the Hon. George 
 Berkley. Mr. Chute and Mr. Eobinson had the greater 
 number of votes. The two unsuccessful candidates petitioned 
 against the return of Mr. Chute and Mr. Eobinson, on the 
 ground of notorious bribery and corruption, and that neither of 
 them was qualified to sit, not having at the time of the 
 election such an estate as the law- required. The petition was 
 heard on 4th March, 1742, when it was resolved that 
 
 1741. The Earl of Mountrath, and 
 The Hon. George Berkley, 
 
 were duly elected, and the return was amended accordingly. 
 At the York Assizes, in July, 1743, an action was brought 
 against Mr. Luke Eobinson, for bribery at this election, against 
 whom, after a long trial, the jury returned a verdict without 
 going out of court. 
 
172 
 
 The History of Hedon. 
 
 The Earl of Mountratk, of Ballyfin, Queen's County, Ireland, was the 
 son of the third Earl of Mountrath, who was descended from Sir Charles 
 Coote, Knight, who obtained the title of Mountrath for a surprising passage 
 through Moneshall Woods in 1661. The Earl of Mountrath was a member 
 of the Irish Privy Council and Governor of Queen's County. The title 
 became extinct on the death of the seventh Earl in 1802. 
 
 The Hon. George Berkley represented the Borough in the hist 
 Parliament. 
 
 Mr. Francis Chute was a Barrister at law and King's Counsel. He wii,s 
 probably the grandfather of Lord Barringtou, and an ancestor of Bishop 
 Barrington. 
 
 Mr. Luke Kobinson was a Barrister at law, and was a descendant of the 
 family of Robinson, of Newton Garth, near Kedon. Mr. Robinson's grand- 
 daughter and heiress married George Uppleby, Esquire, of Barrow, in 
 Lincolnshire, in whose family the Newton Garth estate remained until a 
 few years ago, when it was sold to the late Mr. James Wray. 
 
 The Earl of Mountrath having lately died, a new writ was ordered on 
 28th November, 1744, and an election took place for his successor. Two 
 candidates offered themselves, viz.: Mr. Luke Robinson, the unsuccessful 
 candidate at the last election, and Captain George Anson, R.N., when 
 
 1744. Captain George Anson, K.N., 
 
 was declared duly elected. 
 
 Mr. Robinson petitioned against the return, alleging that Captain Anson, 
 by himself and his agents, was guilty of most notorious bribery and corrup- 
 tion, and that the Mayor* had acted with great partiality, and behaved in an 
 arbitrary and illegal manner. The petition was afterwards by leave 
 withdrawn, 
 
 Mr. George Anson, a Captain in the Royal Navy, was a native of 
 Huckborough, in Staffordshire. He entered the Navy at an early age, and 
 obtained a well-merited reputation by his account of his voyage round tlie 
 world, having previously performed many acts of Ijravery in Naval engage- 
 ments. Captain Anson arrived, from his memorable voyage round the world, 
 at Spithead in June, 1744, and in December in the same year was elected 
 
 * Mr. Stephen Keed. 
 
Loud Gkorge Anson, M. P. fo^ Hedon in 1744. 
 
Represe7itative History. 
 
 173 
 
 member of Parliament for this Borough, and soon afterwards, in 174o, was 
 appointed one of the Commissioners for executing the office of Lord High 
 Admiral of G-reat Britain. On 13th June, 1747, Admiral Anson was created 
 a Peer by the title of Lord Anson, of Siberton, Hants. In 1751, he was 
 appointed First Lord of the Admiralty, in which rank he continued with a 
 very short interval, until his death. The hxst public service Lord Anson 
 performed was in conveying Queen Charlotte to England. Anson is said to 
 have had a 'rough, unpolished manner. It was jokingly said of him that he 
 had been all round the world, but never in it.'* Lord Atison died Gtli June, 
 1762, and on his death the title became extinct. 
 
 On Captain Anson being appointed one of the Commissioners for 
 executing the office of Lord High Admiral of Great Britain, he vacated his 
 seat as member for Hedon, and a new writ was issued in January, 1745, 
 when he was re-elected. 
 
 The Hon. Greorge Berkley having died 29th October^ 1746, a new writ 
 was ordered on 18th November of that year. At this election two candidates 
 appeared, viz.: Mr. Luke Kobinson, who contested the election in 1744, and 
 Mr. Samuel Gumley. The election was a very close one, the poll being, for 
 Samuel Gumley, 65, for Luke Robinson, 64. 
 
 On 11th December following, Mr. Robinson petitioned against the 
 return, alleging that the Mayor,t being in Gumley 's interest, took the poll 
 with the utmost partiality against the petitioner, and that Gumley and his 
 agents committed various illegal, arbitrary, and corrupt practices. The 
 Petition was heard on 3rd February, 1747, and five following da}^^!. Amongst 
 other things the question of the right of election was raised, when the 
 House resolved that the right of election was in the Burgesses. Evidence 
 was given to prove acts of bribery. Two voters were objected to as 
 having received Sacrament money, but the House decided nem. con. that the 
 receiving of Sacrament money did not disqualify persons from voting. On 
 the question being put, the House resolved by 139 to 104, that 
 
 1746. Luke Eobinson, Esquire, 
 
 was duly elected, and the return was ordered to be amended accordingly. 
 
 * Wright's Caricature History of the Four Georges^ p. 157. 
 t Mr. Samuel Watson. 
 
174 
 
 The History of Iledon. 
 
 The Parliament having been dissolved, a new Parliament 
 met on 10th November, 1747, when four candidates offered 
 themselves, viz.: Mr. Luke Kobinson, the representative of the 
 Borough in the last Parliament, John Savile, Esquire, Captain 
 Charles Saunders, R.N., and Mr. Samuel Gumley, who was 
 unseated at the last election. The two members returned 
 were : 
 
 1747. Luke Robinson, Esquire, 
 John Savile, Esquire. 
 
 Mr. John Savile, of Methley, Yorks., was, on 23rd June, 1749, installed 
 at Windsor a Knight of the Ordor of the Bath, and in 1753 was advanced to 
 the Peerage of Ireland by the title of Baron Pollington, of Longford. He 
 was afterwards further advanced by the King to the peerage of Great 
 Britain by the title of Viscount Pollington and Earl of Mexborough, by 
 which he took his seat in the House of Peers, on 17th November, 
 1769. 
 
 The Parliament was dissolved by proclamation on 8th 
 April, 1754, and a new Parliament was convened on 31st May 
 following. The election was contested, and four candicjates 
 presented themselves, viz.: Mr. Luke Eobinson, a former 
 member, Mr. Samuel Gumley, a former candidate, Captain 
 Charles Saunders, who was a candidate at the previous election, 
 and Captain Peter Denis, K.N. The two members elected 
 were : 
 
 1754. Captain Charles Saunders, R.N., 
 Captain Pete Denis, R.N. 
 
Represeritative History. 
 
 175 
 
 The votes recorded at this election were : for Captain 
 Charles Saunders, 97 ; for Captain Denis, 97 ; for Mr. Luke 
 Kobinson, 31 ; and for Mr. Samuel Gumley, 31. 
 
 A curious circumstance occurred at this election, the Sheriff 
 having delivered his precept to Mr. Stephen Keed, although 
 Mr. Samuel Watson was Mayor and in possession of the office. 
 There were two polls taken ; Eeed returned Saunders and 
 Denis, and Watson returned Robinson and Gumley. 
 
 Captain Charles Saunders, who was admitted to the freedom of the 
 Borough on payment of 20 guineas, was an officer of great repute in the 
 Royal Navy, and was first Lieutenant in Lord Anson's ship in his voyage 
 round the world. He was made Comptroller of the Navy on 15th 
 November, 1755; Hear Admiral of the Blue in 1756; Vice Admiral 
 of the Blue in 1759 ; Lieutenant General of Marines in 1760 ; and a Knight 
 of the Bath in 1761. He died 7th December, 1775, and was buried in 
 Westminster Abbey. 
 
 Captain Peter Denis was also an officer in the Royal Navy, and served as 
 third Lieutenant in Lord Anson's ship in his voyage round the world. 
 Captain Denis was in command of the Centurion at the battle of Cape 
 Finisterre, where he distinguished himself by being the first to commence 
 the attack on the French fleet, for which he was sent to England by Lord 
 Anson with the news of the victory. In September, 1767, Captain Denis 
 was created a Baronet, and in 1770 an Admiral. " There are few men who 
 did more honour to the noble service in which he had been engaged than 
 Sir Peter Denis, or who had higher claims to the gratitude of his country."* 
 He died 12th June, 1778, and the baronetcy expired on his death. 
 
 Captain Charles Saunders, having been appointed Com^jtroller of the 
 Royal Navy, had to vacate his seat. A new writ was issued to supply the 
 vacancy on 15th November, 1755, when 
 
 1755. Captain Charles Saunders, E.N., 
 
 was re-elected without opposition. 
 
 Border Counties Worthies. 
 
176 
 
 The History of Hedon. 
 
 GEORGE III. 
 
 King George II. died 25th October, 1760, when the Parlia- 
 ment was dissolved. A new Parliament was not, however; 
 called until the following year, which met on 3rd November, 
 1761. Both the sitting members for the Borough were again 
 re-elected, viz.: 
 
 1761. Sir Charles Saunders, K.B., 
 Captain Peter Denis, R.N. 
 
 In December, 1765, Sir Charles Saunders was appointed one of tlie 
 Commissioners for executing the office of Lord High Admiral, and was 
 again required to vacate his seat, A new writ wa:s issued 17th December, 
 when Sir Charles was again re-elected. 
 
 In the following year, 1766, Sir Charles Saunders, having been 
 appointed first Lord of the Admiralty, had again to vacate his seat, when he 
 was re-elected without opposition. 
 
 The Parliament was dissolved 12th March, 1768, and a new 
 one was summoned to meet on 10th May "following. The 
 members returned at this election were : 
 
 1768. Sir Charles Saunders, K.B., 
 Bielby Thompson, Esquire. 
 
 Sir Charles Saunders represented Hedon in the last Parliament, and was 
 re-elected. 
 
 Mr. Bielby Thompson, of Escrick Park, Yorkshire, descended from 
 the Thompsons, of Humbleton, in Holderness, was the son of Paul Bielby 
 Thompson, of Escrik Park, and uncle to Paul Bielby Thompson, sometime 
 member of Parliament for the East Kiding of Yorkshire, who was created, in 
 1839, Baron Wenlock, of Wenlock, and assumed thereupon the name of 
 Lawley. Mr. Bielby Thompson was an Alderman of Hedon, and twice 
 served the office of Mayor of the Borough. 
 
Representative History. 
 
 177 
 
 On 30th September, 1774, a proclamation was issued for 
 dissolving the Parliament and calling a new one, which met on 
 29th November following. At this election 
 
 1774. The Et. Hon. Sir Charles Saunders, K.B. 
 Bielby Thompson, Esquire, 
 
 the two sitting members, were both re-elected without 
 opposition. 
 
 Sir Charles Saunders died 7th November, 1775, and on the 7th Decem- 
 ber following a new writ was ordered to supply the vacancy. At this 
 election two candidates presented themselves, viz., the Hon. Lewis Thomas 
 Watson and Mr. Christopher Atkinson. The candidate elected was 
 
 1775. The Hon. Lewis Thomas Watson. 
 
 At this election one hundred and fifty six burgesses voted, 
 of whom Mr. Watson polled 119, and Mr, Atkinson, 37. Out 
 of the 37 burgesses who voted for Mr. Atkinson 29 were officers 
 in the Excise and Customs. 
 
 The Hon. Lewis Thomas Watson was the eldest son of Lord Sondes, of 
 Lee's Court, in the county of Kent. Mr. Watson succeeded his father as 
 Lord Sondes 30th March, 1795. 
 
 This Parliament was dissolved on 1st September, 1780, and 
 a new Parliament met on 31st October following. At this 
 election there were three candidates, viz., Mr. Christopher 
 Atkinson, Mr. William Chaytor, and Mr. Eichard Thompson. 
 The choice of the burgesses fell upon 
 
 1780. Christopher Atkinson, Esquire, 
 William Chaytor, Esquire. 
 
178 
 
 The History of Hedon. 
 
 One hundred and twenty burgesses voted, of whom 118 
 polled for Mr. Atkinson, 92 for Mr. Chaytor, and 28 for Mr. 
 Thompson. 
 
 Mr. Christopher Atkinson was an extensive merchant and corn factor in 
 London. On 17th July, 1783, he was tried in the Court of Queen's Bench, 
 before Earl Mansfield and a special jury, on an indictment for perjury 
 committed in an affidavit made by him relative to some transactions with 
 the victualling department of the Navy ; he was convicted and sentenced to 
 pay a fine of £2,000, to stand on the pillory, and be imprisoned for twelve 
 months. On 4:th December, 1783, it was resolved by the House of 
 Commons that Mr. Atkinson should be expelled ; and a new writ was the 
 next day ordered to supply the vacancy. 
 
 Mr. William Chaytor, of Spennithorne, near Bedale, Yorkshire, was a 
 barrister at law and Kecorder of Kichmond and Appleby. He was possessed 
 of a large landed property in the North Eiding of Yorkshire, of which he 
 was a Magistrate and a Deputy Lieutenant. His son, William Chaytor, of 
 Croft, was created a Baronet 30th September, 1831. 
 
 The election consequent upon the expulsion of Mr. Christopher Atkinson 
 from the House of Commons took place in December, 1783, when 
 
 1783. Stephen Lushington, Esquire, 
 
 was duly elected to supply the vacancy. 
 
 Mr. Lushington, of South Hill Park, was tlie eldest son of the Kev. 
 Henry Lushington, D.D. He was a director of the East India Company 
 and appointed Chairman of that Company in 1790. Mr. Lushington was 
 created a Baronet of the United Kingdom in April, 1791. 
 
 This Parliament was dissolved on 6th April, 1784, and the 
 new Parliament met on 18th May following. The represent- 
 atives chosen for the Borough of Hedon were : 
 
 1784. William Chaytor, Esquire, 
 Lionel Darrell, Esquire. 
 
CHKilSTOlPMER ATKINSON ,Tiur: ifW^f-FACTi-ffili . 
 AVlio suwduiihe Pillory for delrauJing- the GovcrnraenL Oct 25 1785 
 
Representative History. 
 
 179 
 
 Mr. William Chaytor represented the Borough in the previous Parliament. 
 
 Mr. Lionel Darrell, who was the son of a merchant at Lisbon and Vicc- 
 Oonsul, lived at Richmond Hill, Surrey, and was an eminent merchant in 
 London. He was a Director of the Bank of England and Chairman of the 
 Court of Directors of the East India Company ; he was also Colonel of one 
 of the India House Volunteers. Mr. Darrell was created a Baronet 12th 
 May, 1795, and died in 1803. 
 
 The Parliament was dissolved 10th June, 1790, and a new 
 Parliament met at Westminster, 25th November, 1790. The 
 members elected for Hedon were : 
 
 1790. Lionel Darrell, Esquire, 
 
 Bielby Thompson, Esquire. 
 
 Mr. Darrell represented the Borough in the previous Parliament. 
 Mr. Bielby Thompson represented the Borough in 1768 and 1774. 
 
 The King dissolved Parliament by a speech from the 
 Throne, in which he said, " I think it proper to close this 
 Session, and at the same time to acquaint you with my inten- 
 tion of giving immediate directions for calling a new Parlia- 
 ment." A new Parliament was accordingly called, which met 
 on 27th September, 1796. This was the first Parliament of 
 Great Britain and Ireland. The members of the Irish Parlia- 
 ment took their seats on 22nd January, 1801, in the Parliament 
 sitting at Westminster. The candidates at this election were : 
 Sir Lionel Darrell, Bart., Mr. Christopher Atkinson, and Mr. 
 George Smith. 
 
 Mr. George Smith was an eminent banker in London^ and a younger 
 brother of Lord Carrington. For three years previous to this election Lord 
 Carrington and his brothers, being desirous that one of the family should 
 
180 
 
 The History of Hedon. 
 
 represent this Borough in Parliament, endeavoured at considerable expense 
 to establish a favourable interest with the burgesses. Lord Carrington and 
 his three brothers, Mr. George Smith, Mr. Samuel Smith, and Mr. John 
 Smith, together with Mr. Thomas Thompson, then a partner in Smith's 
 Bank, at Hull, as an introduction to the Borough, purchased their freedom, 
 for which they paid the Corporation 500 guineas. Mr. Greorge 
 Smith was selected as the candidate, and for two years endeavoured with 
 considerable success to ingratiate himself with the burgesses. A tew days, 
 however, before the election, Sir Lionel Darrell induced Mr. Smitli to retire 
 from the contest in his favour. Sir Lionel reimbursing him all tiic oxpensu 
 he had incurred in establishing his interest in the Borough. 
 
 1796. Sir Lionel Darrell, Baronet, and 
 Christopher Atkinson, Esquire, 
 
 were therefore elected without opposition. 
 
 Sir Lionel Darrell represented the Borough in the previous Parliament. 
 
 Mr. Christopher Atkinson represented the Borough in 1780. In 
 October, 1798, Mr. Atkinson took the name of Saville. 
 
 This Parliament was dissolved by the King on 28th June, 
 1802, and a new Parliament was elected which met on 16th 
 November following. At this election there were four candi- 
 dates for the representation of Hedon, viz., George Johnstone, 
 Esquire, Christopher Saville (late Atkinson), Esquire, Peter 
 Everett Mestaer, Esquire, and Eandle Jackson, Esquire. The 
 result of the contest was the return of 
 
 1802. George Johnstone, Esquire, and 
 Christopher Saville, Esquire. 
 
 At the close of the poll the numbers were : 
 
Representative History. 
 
 181 
 
 Johnstone 
 
 115 
 
 Saville 
 
 108 
 
 Mestaer 
 
 84 
 
 Jackson 
 
 77 
 
 Two hundred and three burgesses polled. After the 
 election, actions were brought against Mr. Mestaer for bribery, 
 when the principal evidence against him was given by his 
 colleague, Mr. Saville, who was a joint candidate with him. 
 
 Mr. George Johnstone was an eminent merchant in London. He was 
 connected with the East India Company and was at one time resident at 
 Lucknow. Mr. Johnstone first came to Hedon to offer himself as a candidate 
 for the representation of the Borough on 16th August, 1801. Having 
 obtained the consent of a majority of the Aldermen according to the by-law, 
 and having paid one hundred guineas to the Town's Chamber, he was 
 admitted to the freedom of the Borough on 26th August, 1801. Mr. John- 
 stone was a frequent speaker in the House of Commons and a staunch 
 supporter of Mr. Pitt. At the election Mr. Johnstone and Mr. Kandle 
 Jackson stood in the Tory interest, and Mr. Saville and Mr. Mestaer on 
 Whig principles. Mr. Johnstone, during his connection with the Borough, 
 in conjunction with his subsequent colleague, Mr. Anthony Browne, gave 
 200 pounds towards the expense of building eight Burgage or Burrage 
 Houses for decayed burgesses. They also gave a set of chimes to the 
 Church, Mr. Johnstone died in an apoplectic fit at his residence in 
 Hanover Square, London, on 20th November, 1813, and was buried in the 
 youth Cloister of Westminster Abbey. 
 
 Mr. Christopher Saville represented the Borough in the previous 
 Parliament. 
 
 Mr. Peter Everett Mestaer was an eminent shipbuilder in London. He 
 first came to Hedon in April, 1801, and declared his intention of becoming 
 a candidate for the representation of the Borough when an opportunity 
 should offer. He was at that time admitted to the freedom of the Borough, 
 for which he paid to the Corporation 100 guineas. At the election 
 Mr. Mestaer coalesced with Mr. Saville. Actions were afterwards brought 
 
182 
 
 The History of Hedon. 
 
 against bim for bribery committed at tbis election, when, strange to say, the 
 principal witness wbo appeared against bim was his late colleague, Mr. 
 Saville. 
 
 Mr, Eandle Jackson was a barrister at law ; and his first appearance at 
 Hedon was on 1st February, 1802. In August, 1801, Mr. Johnstone 
 canvassed the burgesses on behalf of himself and a colleague whom he 
 pledged himself to bring down in the same interest. In September, 1801, 
 that colleague was declared to be the eldest son of Lord Kinnaird, and being 
 then in Eussia, Mr. Johnstone with Lord Kinnaird again canvassed the 
 burgesses on his behalf. Mr. Kinnaird not having returned to England in 
 time for the election, Mr. Randle Jackson, on the recommendation of Lord 
 Kinnaird, offered himself as a candidate in conjunction with Mr. Johnstone. 
 Mr. Jackson, having obtained the consent of a majority of the Aldermen, 
 was, on payment of 100 guineas to the Town's Chamber, on 8th 
 February, 1802, admitted to the freedom of the Borough. 
 
 The Parliament was dissolved 25th October, 1806, and a 
 new Parliament was summoned, which met on 15th December 
 following. The members returned were : 
 
 1806. G-eorge Johnstone, Esquire, 
 Anthony Browne, Esquire. 
 
 The election took place on 1st November, 1806, and was 
 uncontested. Mr. Albany Saville, the son of Mr. Christopher 
 Saville, who formerly represented the Borough, had some time 
 before intimated his intention of becoming a candidate, but on 
 the dissolution of Parliament he declined a contest. 
 
 Mr. Johnstone represented tbe Borough in the previous Parliament. 
 Mr. Anthony Browne, the new member, was a wealthy merchant in 
 London, and was connected with the East India Company. He was 
 introduced to the Borough by Mr. Johnstone, the sitting member, and was 
 made a free burgess on payment of 100 guineas. Mr. Browne 
 
Representative History. 18-3 
 
 represented Hedon in three successive Parliaments. He, in conjunction 
 with his colleague, Mr. Johnstone, contributed £200 to the building of the 
 Burgage Houses in Baxter Gate, and to the giving of a set of chimes to tlie 
 Church. Mr. Browne died in 1840. 
 
 The previous Parliament only sat during one session, and was 
 dissolved 27th April, 1807. The election took place on 8th 
 May. The candidates were the two sitting members, Mr. 
 George Johnstone and Mr. Anthony Browne, and Mr. Charles 
 Duncombe and Sir Thomas Slingsby, Bart. The result of the 
 election was the return of the two retiring members, 
 
 1807. George Johnstone, Esquire, 
 Anthony Browne, Esquire. 
 
 The poll lasted one day, 206 burgesses polled, of whom 62 
 
 were resident at Hedon. At the close of the poll the numbers 
 were : 
 
 Johnstone 156 
 
 Browne 145 
 
 Duncombe 66 
 
 Slingsby 10 
 
 Mr. Duncombe received 33 plumpers, and Mr. Johnstone 
 and Mr. Browne one each. 
 
 Mr. Duncombe was the eldest son of Sir Charles Slingsby Duncombe, of 
 Duncombe Park, Yorkshire. He was created Baron Feversham in July, 
 1826. 
 
 Sir Thomas Slingsby was the son of Sir Thomas Slingsby, of Scriven 
 Park, Yorks., whom he succeeded as ninth Baronet in 1806. Sir Thomas 
 had made no previous canvass of the burgesses, and was only nominated on 
 
184 The History of Hedon. 
 
 the morning of the election. He was proposed by Alderman John Bedell, 
 and seconded by Alderman John Burstall, the latter of whom recorded his 
 vote for Johnstone and Buncombe ! Sir Tliomas Slingsby was High Sheriff 
 of Yorkshire in 1812. 
 
 The Parliament was dissolved on 29th September, 1812, 
 and the election took place on 2nd October. There was no 
 contest, the two sitting members being returned. 
 
 1812. George Johnstone, Esquire, 
 Anthony Browne, Esquire. 
 
 Mr. Johnstone was attacked by fits of epilepsy soon after the election, 
 and was not able to take his seat in Parliament. He died on 20th Novem- 
 ber, 1813, and on 25th November, Mr. Browne, having moved for a writ, 
 the election was fixed for 4:th December, when the member returned with- 
 out opposition was : ♦ 
 
 1813. John Broadhurst, Esquire. 
 
 Mr. William Taylor, from the Opera House, London, came down to 
 Hedon with the intention of offering himself as a candidate. He stayed two 
 or three days at the Tiger Inn, but, finding his chances of succeeding in the 
 election were so small, he retired without issuing an address or making 
 any canvass of the burgesses. 
 
 Mr. Broadhurst was elected in the same interest as the deceased 
 member, Mr. Johnstone. He was admitted to the freedom of the Borough, 
 on the morning of the election, on payment of the usual fee of 100 
 guineas. Mr. Broadhurst was elected at the general election in 1812 for the 
 Borough of Weymouth, but was unseated on petition. 
 
 The Parliament was dissolved by the Prince Kegent on 
 10th June, 1818, and the election took place on the 18th of the 
 same month. The candidates were : Mr. Anthony Browne, 
 the sitting member, Mr. Edmund Peters Turton, and Mr. 
 
Representative History. 
 
 185 
 
 Kobert Farrand. Mr. Browne and Colonel Baillie came to 
 Hedon with the intention of contesting the election in the 
 Corporation interest, but, finding that the new candidates had 
 made themselves so popular with the burgesses, they both 
 declined the contest. Colonel Baillie issued an address to the 
 burgesses in which he declared his intention of seeking their 
 suffrages on a future occasion. Air. Browne was, without his 
 consent, proposed on the morning of the election by Mr. 
 Edward Ombler and seconded by Mr. John Taylor, both 
 members of the Corporation, and consequently went to the 
 poll. The result of the election was the return of 
 
 1818. Edmund Peters Turton, Esquire, 
 Robert Farrand, Esquire. 
 
 At this election 259 burgesses polled, of whom 73 were 
 resident at Hedon. At the close of the poll the numbers 
 were : 
 
 Turton 209 
 Farrand 174 
 Browne 72 
 
 Previous to the election Mr. Turton, Mr. Farrand, and Colonel Baillie 
 were admitted to the freedom of the Borough on payment to the Corporation 
 of two hundred guineas each. 
 
 On 3rd February, 1819, Mr. Browne petitioned against the retnrn, 
 alleging that Turton and Farrand gave to several voters, before and at the 
 time of the election, money, meat, drink, &c., and made promises and 
 agreements in order to be elected, and were also guilty of bribery and 
 cornuption in manifest violation of the rights and privileges of the electors. 
 
186 
 
 The History of Hedon. 
 
 The Oommittee of the House of Commons, to whom the petition was 
 referred, reported that Turton and Farrand were duly elected. 
 
 Mr. Edmund Peters Turton was a gentleman of landed property and 
 resided at Larpool Hall, near Whitby. He was the son of the Rev. William 
 Peters, Chaplain to King George IV., and Prebendary of Lincoln. Mr. 
 Peters (the son) assumed the name and arms of Turton in compliance with 
 the will of Dr. Turton, an eminent physician. Mr. Turton had, two years 
 previous to the election, declared his intention of becoming a candidate, and 
 during the greater part of that time kept what was called " open house," 
 and was assiduous in his attentions to the burgesses. This made him so 
 popular with the burgesses that he succeeded in carrying his election and 
 that of his colleague, Mr. Farrand, against the Corporation, whose influence 
 up to that time had been predominant. The popularity of Mr. Turton was 
 obtained at so great a cost that he could not be induced to try his fortune a 
 second time. The election colours of Mr. Turton and Mr. Farrand were 
 blue, the Whig or rather anti-Corporation interest ; those of Mr. Browne 
 were crimson, the Tory or Corporation colour. Mr. Turton whilst member 
 for the Borough presented a silver chalice to the Church. 
 
 Mr. Farrand, who is said to have been the natural son of Mr. 
 Christopher Atkinson, a former member for this Borough,* was a large 
 cornfactor in London. He was very popular with the burgesses and 
 represented the Borough in four Parliaments. After the passing of the 
 Parliamentary Keform Act he represented the Borough of Stafford. 
 
 GEOEGE IV. 
 The death of King George III., on 29th January, 1820, 
 caused the dissolution of Parharnent and a new one to be 
 summoned. 
 
 The election for Hedon took place on 8th March, 1820, 
 when three candidates presented themselves, viz.: Mr. Kobert 
 Farrand, who represented the Borough in the last Parliament, 
 Lieut. -Colonel Baillie, who declined a contest at the last 
 
 * Oldfield's JiTey to the House of Cottimom, p. 79. 
 
Col. John Baillie, F.R.S., M.A.S., 
 M.P. FOR Hedon, 1820-1830. 
 
Representative History. 
 
 187 
 
 election, and Mr. Benjamin Shaw. Mr. Shaw, who sometime 
 previously represented the Borough of Weymouth in Parlia- 
 ment, was brought down by Mr. Farrand and had his support. 
 Colonel Baillie had the support of the Corporation and the 
 Tory interest. The result of the election was the return of 
 
 1820. Colonel John Baillie. 
 
 Robert Farrand, Esquire. 
 
 The poll continued one day ; 298 burgesses polled, of whom 
 65 were resident at Hedon. The numbers were : 
 
 Colonel Baillie 187 
 Mr. Farrand 182 
 Mr. Shaw 121 
 
 Colonel Baillie had 103 plumpers ; Mr. Farrand, one ; and 
 Mr. Shaw, two. 
 
 On 11th May a petition against the return was presented by four 
 freemen, complaining that Colonel Baillie, by himself, his friends, and his 
 agents, gave money, meat, drink, &c., to the electors, and was also guilty of 
 bribery and corruption, and by such practices he was returned. The 
 petition was put off, but renewed in the next session, when the Committee 
 of the House of Commons declared that Colonel Baillie was duly elected. 
 
 Lieutenant-Colonel Baillie, of Leys, in the county of Inverness, and 
 Marylebone, London, was a Director of the East India Company, and was 
 a Colonel on the Bengal Establishment. In 1797, he was employed by 
 Lord Teignmouth to translate from the Arabic language an important work 
 on Mahomedan law. He was professor of the Arabic and Persian languages 
 and of Mahomedan law in the College of Fort William. Colonel Baillie was 
 present, in the rank of Major, at the siege of Agra, and was several years 
 resident at Lucknow. He returned from India in 1820, sat in two Parlia- 
 ments for the Borough of Hedon, and afterwards for the Inverness Burghs. 
 He died 20th April, 1833. 
 
188 
 
 The History of Hedon. 
 
 The Parliament was dissolved in 1826, and a new one was 
 summoned. The election at Hedon took place on 12th June 
 in that year. The candidates were : Colonel Baillie and Mr. 
 Farrand, the two sitting members, and Mr. Thomas Hyde 
 Villiers. The result of the election was the return of 
 
 1826. Colonel John BaiUie, 
 
 Thomas Hyde Villiers, Esquire. 
 
 Mr. Villiers, who was made a free burgess of the Borough on payment 
 of a fee of two hundred guineas, came in the Tory interest but had not the 
 entire support of the Corporation. Mr. Farrand, presuming upon his 
 popularity, and considering his election safe, induced several of his 
 supporters, who had promised him plumpers, to split their votes with Mr. 
 Villiers, with a view of ousting Colonel Baillie, the favourite Corporation 
 candidate, his old opponent. This man^uvre cost Mr. Farrand his election, 
 Colonel Baillie's friends having recourse to the same tactics placed Mr. 
 Villiers second on the poll. 
 
 This was the last contested election for the Borough of 
 Hedon, and the most bitterly contested as between the two old 
 opponents. Colonel Baillie and Mr. Farrand. 
 
 Three hundred and thirty one burgesses polled, of whom 78 
 were resident in the Borough. The numbers were : 
 
 Baillie 217 
 Villiers 182 
 Farrand 173 
 
 Colonel Baillie obtained 35 plumpers ; Mr. Farrand, 52 ; 
 Mr. VilHers, 4. 
 
Sm T. A. Clifford Constable, Bart. 
 Last M.P. for Hedon. 
 
Rep7'esentative History. 
 
 189 
 
 Mr. Farrand petitioned against the return of Mr Villiers, alleging that, 
 by himself, his friends, and agents, he had been guilt}' of most open, 
 notorious, and flagrant acts of bribery, treating, and corruption. The 
 petition was afterwards withdrawn, and Mr. Villiers was declared duly 
 elected. 
 
 Mr. Thomas Hyde Villiers was the son of the Hon. George Villiers, 
 third son of the first Earl of Clarendon. His brother. Charles Pelhaui 
 Villiers, the persistent advocate for the abolition of the Corn Laws, was at 
 the same general election an unsuccessful candidate for the Fxjrough of 
 Kingston-upon- Hull. 
 
 WILLIAM lY. 
 
 The demise of the Sovereign, King George IV., on 26th 
 June, 1830, caused an immediate dissolution of Parliament. 
 The election took place in July. There was no contest, there 
 being only two candidates, who were consequently returned, 
 viz.: 
 
 1830. Robert Farrand, Esquire, 
 
 Sir Thomas Aston Clifford Constable, Bart. 
 
 Mr. Farrand was the unsuccessful candidate at the last election. 
 
 Sir Thomas Aston Clifford Constable, Baronet, of Burton Constable, who 
 was made a free burgess of the Borough on payment of the usual fee of two 
 hundred guineas, was invited by, and had the entire support of, the 
 Corporation. He was the son of Sir Thomas Hugh Clifford Constable, Bart., 
 of Tixall, in the county of Stafford, who was created a Baronet on 22nd 
 May, 1815, at the particular request of Louis XVIII., to whom he had 
 shewn great attention and hospitality during his exile from France. Sir 
 Thomas Aston Clifford Constable was Lord of the Seigniory of Holderness. 
 He was High Sheriff of Yorkshire in 1840. He died at Burton Constable, 
 22nd December, 1870, and was buried in the family mausoleum at 
 Halsham. 
 
190 The History of Hedon. 
 
 The Parliament was dissolved the following year (1831). 
 The passing of the Parliamentary Eeform Bill had now become 
 inevitable, and there was therefore no opposition to the sitting 
 members, who again offered themselves. 
 
 1831. Eobert Farrand, Esquire, 
 
 Sir Thomas Aston Clifford Constable, Bart., 
 
 were therefore re-elected. It was during this session of 
 Parliament that the legislature passed an act to amend the 
 representation of the people in England and Wales, better 
 known as the Keform Act," whereby the Borough of Hedon 
 was deprived of the privilege, which it had upwards of three 
 centuries possessed, of sending representatives to the great 
 council of the nation. 
 
" I'll view the manners of the town, 
 
 Peruse the traders ; gaze upon the buildings, 
 
 And then return." 
 
 Shakespeare. 
 
 " Let me review the scene 
 
 And summon from the shadowy past 
 
 The forms that once have been." 
 
 Longfellow. 
 
 East from Hull is a pleasant Corporate and Mayor Town, 
 called Heydon ; 'tis handsome, well-built, and hath a little 
 Haven from the sea, which increases daily. It returns two 
 Members to Parliament. The sea encroaches much upon the 
 land on all the shore about this Town, and 'tis said, that many 
 large fields as well as towns, which were formerly known to 
 have been there, are washed away and lost." Such is the 
 brief account given by the celebrated Daniel De Foe, who 
 appears to have visited Hedon in the latter part of the 17th 
 century.* 
 
 * ' A Tour thjough the whole Island of Great Bntain. Originally begun by the 
 celebrated Daniel De Foe, continued by the late Mr. Eichardson, author of Clarissa, and 
 brought down to the present time by a Gentleman of Eminence in the Literary World. 
 Vol. III., p. 208. 
 
192 The History of Htdon. 
 
 The town consists principally of one long street, or rather 
 a series of streets, leading from north to south, with various 
 others projecting east and west. Most of the streets are 
 called ' Gates ' (which in a great degree marks the antiquity 
 of the place), and several of them take their names from 
 various trades and occupations : for example, Souter Grate, 
 Fletcher Gate, and Baxter Gate. When the social system of 
 towns and cities was in the earlier stages of its development, a 
 practice prevailed amongst persons, who were engaged in 
 certain trades and callings, of congregating in the same 
 localities, most probably for the purpose of affording mutual 
 assistance, or exercising mutual observation. This usage will 
 account for various streets and places having been distinguished 
 by names which were indicative of the particular trades or 
 occupations carried on in them. The word ' Gate ' means a 
 road or street, and is the oldest term by which streets are 
 known. Thus we have in the ancient city of York, Mickle- 
 gate," the great or principal street ; and in the port of Hull, 
 the "Aldgate," or old street ; the Lowgate;" and " Myton- 
 gate," the road leading to the village of My ton. It is not an 
 uncommon error to suppose that the word ' Gate ' has 
 reference only to walled towns ; it has two distinct meanings : 
 in the sense here used it means a road or way ; and, in the 
 case of a walled town, a door or entrance. 
 
 On entering the town from the north (that is, by the road 
 leading from Preston to Hedon), on the east side of the road, 
 
Topographical History. 103 
 
 outside the Borough, are a small house and two fields called 
 Livers." This land, which is low-lying, and occasionally 
 subject to be flooded in wet seasons, is supposed to derive its 
 name from the ' Lever ' (a bird better known in heraldry than in 
 natural history), probably either the cormorant or the heron, 
 which were formerly well-known in this country, and which 
 frequented low and marshy ground. It is said that this bird 
 gave rise to the name of Liverpool, that is, the Levers' pool or 
 pond ; but it has also been suggested that there were many 
 pools and that the ' Lither pool ' indicated the lower pool, near 
 to which the city of Liverpool was built, and hence the name.* 
 It is quite within the range of probability that here the word 
 ' Liver ' may be a misreading for ' Lither," and this theory is 
 to a certain extent corroborated by the fact that there was 
 formerly a street in Hedon called Lithensgate." Assuming 
 that the transcriber had mistaken the letter ''r" for n," 
 which might have been very easily done, then we have the 
 Lithergate," or lower gate, that portion of the town between 
 Souter Gate and Preston adjoining what is now called Livers. 
 From a rent roll of the community of Hedon, 37th Henry YI. 
 is the following : 
 
 " John Beck for a certain piece of common waste land lately Thomas 
 Palmer's joining a tenement lately John Davidson's in the ' Lithensgate ' 
 there jd." 
 
 In may also be said, in further corroboration of this theory, 
 
 • Dr. Doran, Out Great Towns, page 248. 
 
1 94 The ' History of Hedon. 
 
 that this part of the town, within the last half century, was 
 always called " Town end." On the other hand, in 2nd 
 Henry lY. (1401), it is recorded that upon a pleading in the 
 King's Bench it was adjudged that the Chantry Priest of 
 Hedon ought to repair and cleanse a ditch called "Skyrth" 
 dyke from ''Lever Gate" unto Hedon and from "Harphoc" 
 to "Northoc." 
 
 Immediately opposite to these fields, also outside the 
 Borough, is a large garden in which a modern house* was a few 
 years ago erected, and which still retains the name of St. 
 Sepulchres. This garden is the site of an ancient hospital 
 founded, in the reign of King John, by Alan Fitz Oubern, for 
 lepers, and was under the management of a Eector or Master, 
 and certain brethren and sisters to pray with the lepers for the 
 souls of the founder, benefactors, and others. The dreadful 
 disease, for the treatment of which this hospital was founded, 
 first appeared in this country in the reign of King Henry L, 
 and is supposed to have been brought by the pilgrims from 
 Palestine in the time of the Crusaders. The hospital received 
 considerable grants of land in various places in Holderness for 
 its support (for it was a religious house as well as a hospital), 
 which were confirmed by a charter of King Edward 11. From 
 a deed dated at St. Sepulchres, 4th February, 1388, it appears 
 that the founder of the hospital was an ancester of Eobert de la 
 Twyer, in virtue of which he was the acknowledged patron, and 
 
 * Now the property of Mr. J. S. Soutter. 
 
Topographical History. 195 
 
 had a right to present a man or woman, whole or infirm, to be 
 provided for therein ; if the object of his choice were a priest, 
 or below that order, he should, nevertheless, dine at the table 
 and sleep in the dormitory of the lay brethren, and wear the 
 same apparel ; and on the decease or removal of such person, 
 the said Eobert, or his heirs, should present another in succes- 
 sion for ever ; and further, that the hospital was under obliga- 
 tion to receive any infected object allied to the same Robert de 
 a Twyer withui the fourth degree of blood, and sufficiently to 
 provide for him. Amongst the witnesses to this deed are the 
 following important names : Sir John Constable, of Halsham, 
 Knight ; Sir Eobert Hilton, of Swine, Knight ; Sir Gerard 
 de Lund, of Preston, Knight ; William Holm, of [Paull] 
 Holme ; Peter Nuttyll, of Riston ; John Ingram, of 
 Preston ; Robert de Gouxhill, of Burstwick ; &c.* Pope 
 Gregory, by a Bull dated in the 11th year of his Pontifi- 
 cate, exonerated all the lands of this hospital from the 
 payment of all tithes whatsoever, under penalty of excommuni- 
 cation ; and Pope Clement by a Bull, in the 6th year of his 
 Pontificate, confirmed all the grants made to the hospital, and 
 recites an orchard and a culture of land given to it by Fulco de 
 Oyry, unnoticed in the charter of confirmation of Edward II. 
 The hospital was dissolved in the reign of King Edward YI. 
 Edmund St. Quinton, of the family of the St. Quintons, of 
 Harpham and Brandesburton, was the master of the hospital 
 at the time of its dissolution. 
 
 * Evidences m the Councii Cka/fiier of Kmgston-upon- Hull^ endorsed 1564, p. 891, 
 quoted by Poulson, ii., 195. 
 
196 The History of Hedon. 
 
 A few yards further on, in a southerly direction, on the 
 west side of the road, is the station of the Hull and Holderness 
 Kailway, a portion of the premises (the coal depots and the 
 entrance to the station yard on the north side) being in the 
 parish of Preston. At the time the railway was made, toll was 
 levied by the Corporation of Hedon on all merchandise coming 
 into or going out of the Borough, and the promoters of the 
 railway ingeniously contrived, by the purchase of a strip of 
 land in the parish of Preston (part of the site of St. Sepulchres), 
 that the entrance to the station yard and the coal depots, in 
 order to evade the toll, should be without the boundary of the 
 Borough, in the parish of Preston. The railway, which is a 
 direct communication between Hull and Withernsea (a rising 
 watering place on the East Coast) was made by an independent 
 Company, of which the late Mr. Anthony Bannister, of High 
 Paull House, was the Chairman, and was opened on 28th June, 
 1854. The line was soon afterwards leased by the Company in 
 perpetuity to the North Eastern Bail way Company. 
 
 On the east side of the road immediately opposite to the 
 railway station, within the Borough, are the Works of the 
 Hedon Gas Light and Coke Company, Limited. These Works 
 were erected for the purpose of supplying the town with gas by 
 a private Company in 1856, at a cost of about .£1,500, and, in 
 1878, a main was laid to the village of Preston, which is now 
 supplied with gas from these Works. The street lamps in the 
 Borough were first lighted 17th February, 1859. 
 
Topographical History. 
 
 197 
 
 The Hedon Gas Works were erected in a portion of a field 
 formerly called John Cumber's (or Coomber's) Cross," where 
 it is said a wooden Cross formerly stood. The name of this 
 field afterwards became corrupted (as appears by an old town's 
 rental book) to '^Johnny Come Across." According to tradition, 
 this Cross was erected to mark the place where one John of 
 Cuniber, or Coomber, a monk of the Carthusian order, who was 
 in some way connected with the hospital of the Holy Sepulchre, 
 hanged himself. This circumstance, to the superstitious, was 
 quite sufficient to constitute the locality a haunted place. The 
 legend of John Coomber's Cross forms the subject of the 
 following lines, from the prolific pen of the late Mr. Henry 
 Brown.* 
 
 JOHN COOMBER'S CKOSS. 
 (A legend of Saint Sepulchres). 
 
 In clays of yore, 'tis said tliere stood 
 A crucifix of stone or wood, 
 To tell, to every passer by. 
 What Jesu wrought in Calvary 
 Here many a lofty hymn was sung 
 By holy monk and pious nun, 
 And many miracles, I ween, 
 Upon that sacred spot were seen. 
 'Twas on the eve of holy Mark, 
 The wind was loud, the night was dark. 
 The monks of Holy Sepulchre 
 To the high altar did repair, 
 And you shall hear what came to pass 
 Whilst Master Simon said the Mass. 
 
 * Mr. Henry Brown was a druggist at Hedon. He was an Antiquary, Ecclesiolo- 
 gist, and Poet. A man of genial and convivial habits, he was for several years the parish 
 Churchwarden. Mr. Brown died, in indigent circumstances, lOth March, 1873. 
 
198 
 
 The History of Hedon. 
 
 Forth from the breast of Friar John 
 Was heard a wild unearthly. groan, 
 And Sister Alice sighed too — 
 The tapers' light was changed to blue. 
 And tlien, there met the Abbot's sight 
 
 A lady's form, with veil of white ; 
 
 And, as before the monks she stood, 
 
 'Tvvas seen her breast was stained with blood. 
 
 Amaz'd, they sought the Chapel door, 
 
 For all had seen that face before. 
 
 An Abbess had, as it appears. 
 
 Been missing for a lapse of years. 
 
 And none within that house could tell 
 
 What fate their Matron had befell. 
 
 As no remains had e'er been found 
 
 'Tvvas thouglit she in the Fleete* was drown'd ; 
 
 That she'd been taken by the tide. 
 
 And cast into the Humber wide. 
 
 The haughty Alice, in her stead, 
 
 Was now acknowledged as their head, 
 
 And, when they view'd her haughty e'en. 
 
 The nuns remember'd poor Ruth's mien. 
 
 But to return : On Marcus night. 
 
 When, by the torches' quivering light. 
 
 The ghost of Ruth before her stood, 
 
 It stopped the current of her blood. 
 
 For on the cold floor Alice fell, 
 
 And forth was carried to her cell. 
 
 From that sad night her senses fled, 
 
 And, as she press'd her narrow bed, 
 
 She often on the door would stare 
 
 And shriek " What phantom standeth there?" 
 
 With straining eyes and foaming mouth 
 
 She'd shout " Have mercy Sister Ruth ;" 
 
 And then she'd call for Friar John, 
 
 And ask liim if the deed were done. 
 
 * A sewer running between the Hospital and the town, through the Haven into 
 the Humber. 
 
Topographical History. 
 
 109 
 
 With frantic laughter then would cry 
 ^'Who'll be the Abbess'who but I ?" 
 Thus she for weeks a maniac lay, 
 Nor could she to the Virgin pray, 
 But rave of Euth, and then anon, 
 Again she'd call for Friar John. 
 At length, a victim to her pride, 
 The haughty Sister Alice died. 
 
 And now the legend goes to say 
 How John the friar pin'd away ; 
 How he did at midnight walk, 
 And in his sleep most wildly talk ; 
 How he with horror shunM the cell 
 Where Sister Ruth was wont to dwell. 
 Thus did the Friar pass his days. 
 In foul neglect of prayer and praise. 
 
 And now to tell the Friar's end, 
 More dreadful than was ever penn'd. 
 'Twas on the eve of Michael's day 
 When all the monks were met to pray, 
 When chanting forth the vesper hymn. 
 And all the lights were growing dim, 
 'Twas clearly seen, by that dim glare, 
 A stranger was amongst them there ; 
 And when 'twas saen distinct again, 
 Her breast display'd that bloody stain. 
 
 She then with look and mien severe 
 Approach' d the friar John more near, 
 And as she near the father stood. 
 She pointed to the stain of blood. 
 Forth from the place the Friar ran, 
 Close follow'd by the spectre nun, 
 And, being maddened by remorse. 
 He ran unto the Holy Cross, 
 And driven on by black despair, 
 He hanged himself like Judas there. 
 
00 
 
 The History of Hedon. 
 
 And in his cell a scroll was found 
 Which did the ears of all astound. 
 He had, the archives go to prove, 
 With Alice an illicit love, 
 And she, whose lofty soul did burn, 
 A willing help-mate found in John, 
 Who would not any act refuse 
 To further her ambitious views, 
 
 'Twas owing to his murderous blade 
 That she had been the Abbess made. 
 For Sister Ruth would often brood, 
 On sacred things, in solitude, 
 And, when the darkness chased the day. 
 Within the wood's recess would pray ; 
 And oft, at night, her voice would sound 
 In holy songs, the place around. 
 
 Thus was the pious Ruth engaged 
 
 When John, who like a demon rag'd, 
 
 Approach'd, and with his murderous knife 
 
 Deprived the Abbess of her life. 
 
 Then, with the guilty Alice' aid, 
 
 A grave was in the Cloister made. 
 
 In which the murdered Ruth was laid. 
 
 And from that time her form in white 
 
 Is often seen by misty light. 
 
 And every traveller, I wot, 
 
 Suspiciously avoids that spot 
 
 Where, in the lane, the nun is seen. 
 
 In rochet white, with sleeves of green. 
 
 A terror, both to man and horse. 
 
 Long time has been John Coomber's Cross. 
 
 The town of Hedon is entered from the north by the street 
 or way anciently known as Lithengate or Lithergate (assuming 
 that the theory before propounded as to the reading of the word 
 
Topograjphical History, 201 
 
 ^' Lither " is correct) or Levergate, which extends from the 
 boundary of the Borough to the bridge which crosses the 
 Bawdrick (a corruption evidently of the Border or Boundary 
 dike) a drain which runs on the north and west sides of the 
 town. 
 
 Crossing the bridge over the Baudrick is Soutergate, 
 formerly called Coblers'gate, and in ancient documents known 
 as the Via Sutoris." In a compotus of 1390 occurs : — 
 
 " 28. Received for herbage belonging to the common road in Soutergate 
 co'itaV via in via Sutar which was so sold to John Sagheer." 
 
 Shoemakers north of the Tweed are still called Souters.* 
 
 At an inquisition held 17th October, 10th Henry VI., 1432, 
 the Inquest present that 
 
 " ^ the Soutergate ' is defective and ought to be repaired by Robert de 
 Leney iijd. and Robert Lamb iijd. who came spoke and submitted 
 themselves, &c., vid." 
 
 And in a rental, 26 Henry VI., 
 
 " Robert Cromwell for his tenement in Via Sutoris, xiid. 
 
 The first house on the west side of the street, now the 
 Station Hotel, probably one of the oldest houses in the town, 
 was formerly called ^' Governor's house." The garden behind 
 this house still retains the name of " Governor's Garth." 
 
 * " And at his elbow Souter Johnny 
 
 His ancient trusty drouthy crony." 
 ***** 
 " The Souter tould his queerest stories, 
 The Landlord's laugh was ready chorus." — Burns. 
 
202 History of Hedon. 
 
 There is nothing in the history of the town to show how the 
 house acquired the name. It may have been the residence of 
 one of the Governors of Hull, or some oiiicial connected with 
 him f but inasmuch as it is also said to have been the Custom 
 House of the Port, the name may, with more probability, 
 be attributed to the circumstance of its being the government 
 house, hence Governor's house. Up to about the year 1850, 
 this house was known by the sign of the " New Sun Inn," as 
 distinguished from the Old Sun Inn " in St. Augustine- 
 gate. 
 
 Soutergate extends to the short lane leading westward 
 to the market hill, called in modern times Wayfrain lane. 
 This word Wayfrain " is probably a corruption of either 
 Wayfarer" or ^'Waferer," but of which, if either, it is a 
 matter entirely of speculation. In 26 Henry YI. (1448) 
 appears a receipt for herbage in Wayferer lane vjd.;" again in 
 37 Henry VI. (1459) is a similar entry for the herbage in 
 Wayferer lane vjd.;" and on 17th October, 10th Henry YI. 
 (1432), there is a presentment that 
 
 " the little lane which leads to the market hill is defective and ought to 
 be repaired by John Ingeram, John Secroft, and Adam de Wkelton, 
 chaplain, on the south part opposite his tenement." 
 
 If the theory be correct that the name of this lane was Way- 
 farer," it would indicate that a sort of hostelry connected with a 
 
 * Sir Eobert Constable was the first person who assumed the tiUe of Governor, 
 in lo'il .-^Sheahan, 
 
Topographical Ilistoi-y. ^03 
 
 Monastery existed there for the entertainment of pedlars and 
 pilgrims. In early times, when there were no newspapers, the 
 literature of the day consisted principally of chap-books. The 
 pedlar and the pilgrim constituted the only medium of news 
 and intercommunication, and hence the wayfarers were always 
 welcome guests, and hospitably entertained at the various 
 religious houses and hostelries at which they called, in their 
 travels through the country. If, on the other hand, ''Way- 
 frain" is a corruption of " Waferer," that would indicate the 
 residence of a maker of bread wafers. These waferers seem to 
 have confined themselves to the provision of eucharistic bread, 
 though they were probably vendors of sweet and spiced cakes, 
 wtiich, under the name of Marchpanes," were decidedly 
 popular* An old poem speaks of 
 
 " Drovers, Cokes, and Poulters, 
 
 Yer mongers, Pybakers, and Waferers." 
 
 Piers Plowman classes waferers as disreputable associates, 
 **near to the Church, never in it." They were wont to hang 
 about the sacred edifice ofering their trafiic to the devout 
 worshippers as they entered in. That all were not of this 
 kind may be gathered from the will of an Archbishop of York, 
 of the thirteenth century, who therein bequeaths a certain sum 
 to two "Waferers," evidently on account of their exemplary 
 character while conducting their trade at the Minster door.f 
 Assuming that the little lane " just referred to is Wayfrain 
 
 * Bardsley's Surnames^ p. 324. 
 
20Jh The HisUrt^y of Iledon. 
 
 lane, and considering the fact that the south part of this lane 
 opposite to his tenement, "ought to be repaired by the 
 chaplain," it would seem to confirm either theory, that here 
 was a wayfarers' rest or hostelry, or the dwelling of a maker of 
 wafers ; both being in connexion with a monastery or religious 
 establishment. 
 
 Proceeding southwards is the street (being really a con- 
 tinuation of Soutergate) formerly called Bedlam street. This 
 latter name is probably a corruption of Bede-house or Bede- 
 man gate, for on the west side of this street are three old 
 houses, belonging to the Corporation (occupied by poor widows 
 nominated by the Corporation), and called the Bede-houses. 
 These three houses were devised to the Corporation by George 
 Painter, a priest, residing at Hull, by his will dated 1562, for 
 occupation by " three pore men or women."* It is not easy to 
 understand how these three houses came to be called Bede 
 houses, unless it was that the first occupants were employed as 
 Bedesmen, and that is not improbable, inasmuch as the donor 
 was a priest, and possibly during his lifetime were so employed. 
 A Bedesman was an inferior officer of the Church, ( Custos 
 Ecclesice) whose business it was to light the lamps or candles of 
 the Church, to attend upon the priest, and perform subordinate 
 offices ; and was the precursor of that venerable parochial 
 institution, the parish beadle of later times, and the sexton of 
 the present day. 
 
 * This property, and the terms under which the Corporation hold it, are more 
 fully treated under the head « Charities" post. 
 
Topographical History. 205 
 
 The adjoining building to the Bede houses is the old 
 Vicarage house. 
 
 Bedlam street, as more recently called Souter gate, ends at 
 a point where two roads cross, the one leading westward to 
 the Church and Market hill, and the other eastward, called 
 Magdalen gate, leading to Magda;len hill and Burstwick. 
 
 In a line with Bedlam street, otherwise Souter gate, leading 
 southward, is the Market place, on the north-east side of which 
 formerly stood the market cross. This cross, which was an 
 octagonal brick building, with a cupola, was used principally 
 for the sale of butter and eggs. The cross was built in the 
 year 1733 by William Pulteney, Esquire, one of the then 
 members of Parliament for the Borough, and it was pulled 
 down about the year 1830. A stone, with the following 
 inscription placed on the west side of the cross, is still 
 preserved : — 
 
 THIS 
 
 MAKKET CROSS 
 
 WAS ERECTED 
 
 In the year 1733, 
 
 BY 
 
 WiLM. Pulteney, Esqk. 
 
 A few yards further south, on the same side of the Market 
 place, was a large iron ring fixed in the pavement called the 
 Bull Eing." This relic of the barbarous custom of bull- 
 baiting remained in the Markeo place until about the year 
 1870, when it disappeared. Bull-baiting, which is now unlawful, 
 
206 History of Hedon. 
 
 and would, if lawful, in these days be deemed a gross act of 
 cruelty, was so late as the seventeenth century not only lawful, 
 but was required by the law to be done ; for it is recorded that, 
 in the year 1659, Mr. Bonfrey, who was himself an Alderman, 
 was presented at the General Quarter Sessions " for killing a 
 Bull unbaited." Some idea may be formed of the state and 
 condition of the Market place, and the shops and buildings in ; 
 it, towards the end of the fourteenth century from the following 
 entry in an account of the receipts and expenditure of the 
 Borough from 29th September, 1389, to the same date, 1390 : 
 
 "Item paid for the carriage of clay for repairing the coininoii shops in 
 the said Market place together with the repairs, iij^d." 
 
 On the west side of the Market place is a short street 
 leading westward to the south entrance to the Church, called 
 " Church rent." This is, perhaps, the oldest name of a street 
 met with in local history, evidently meaning a rent or aperture 
 between two houses, which was, until about the commencement 
 of the present century, actually the case with respect to this 
 street, when a house was pulled down for the purpose of 
 widening the street. 
 
 Proceeding onward in a southerly direction is St. Augus- 
 tine gate. On the east side of this street stands the Town 
 Hall, which was built about the year 1693 by Mr. Henry Guy, 
 one of the representatives in Parliament for the Borough. The 
 Town Hall was originally a neat brick building, but unfortunately. 
 
Topographical History. 207 
 
 in very recent days, the Corporation, possibly with a view of 
 beautifying the building, committed an unpardonable piece of 
 vandalism by covering the old brickwork with a coat of cement 
 to imitate stone. Time and the elements have made such sad 
 havoc of the cement covering that it now discloses the 
 miserable sham. Projecting above the roof of the Town Hall 
 was a cupola containing a bell which, whilst it existed, was 
 rung on the occasion of all corporate meetings by way of 
 notice. The cupola was taken down and the bell removed 
 about the time when the old bricks received their covering of 
 cement ; the bell now hangs outside the board school. Enter- 
 ing the Town Hall, on the ground floor on the right of the 
 entrance, are a large room where the hall-keeper resides, and a 
 smaller one used as a sleeping room ; and on the left, what 
 was formerly the common gaol of the Borough is now converted 
 into two cells for prisoners under the jurisdiction of the 
 Justices of the East Eiding. A fine old staircase leads up to 
 the first floor, which comprises a large room called the Hall, 
 used for meetings, assemblies, and other public purposes, where 
 the Court of Quarter Sessions was formerly held, and where the 
 County Court and Petty Sessions are now held ; also a smaller 
 room, called the Council Chamber, in which the council 
 meetings take place. There are in the hall two fine 
 paintings, being full-length portraits said to be of Henry Guy 
 and William Pulteney, former parliamentary representatives of 
 the Borough ; also a painting in oil, in a gilt frame, of the 
 Koyal Arms with the monogram of William and Mary. In the 
 
208 History of Hedon. 
 
 Council Chamber are portraits of Alderman James Iveson, late 
 Town Clerk of the Borough, and Alderman William Kirk, who 
 was the first person not being a freeman elected Mayor. In 
 front of the building, outside, is a coat of arms carved in stone 
 of four quarterings, the first and fourth being the arms of Mr. 
 Guy, who built the Town Hall. 
 
 The southernmost part of St. Augustine gate is intersected 
 by Fletcher gate, leading eastward, and the turnpike road to 
 Hull, leadhig westward. Fletcher gate derives its name either 
 from Fletcher," which represented the trade of feathering 
 arrows; or, more probably, it is a corruption of " Flesher " 
 (from "Flesher" or ''Flesh-monger," a seller of fresh meat) 
 i.e.. Butcher's gate. In many parts of Scotland a butcher is 
 still called a fiesher. In this street lived for many years the 
 Eev. John Tickell, the learned historian of Kingston-upon- 
 Hull, and it was here that he wrote his book, which was 
 published in 1796. Mr. Tickell was curate of Thorngumbald 
 and Keyingham, and kept a school at Hedon. His History of 
 Hull proves that he was a scholar and a zealous antiquary. 
 He died 6th June, 1823, aged 78 years, and was buried in the 
 south transept of the Church at Hedon. 
 
 That portion of the Turnpike road leading westward from 
 Fletcher gate to the Middle or Church lane was formerly called 
 St. John's street ; and the field at the corner of St. John's 
 street and Westgate, now the property of Mr. James Stewart 
 Soutter, is the supposed site of St. John's Church. 
 
Topographical History. 209 
 
 Proceeding on his course still southward from St. Augus- 
 tine gate, the traveller comes to Sheriff highway (anciently 
 called West gait), which leads up to the Haven. On the west 
 side of this highway, in a field called St. James' Close (now 
 belonging to Colonel White), is the supposed site of St. James' 
 Church. The bridge which crosses the present Keyingham drain 
 is probably the site of the old Sheriff brig, of which frequent 
 mention is made in the ancient records of the town. 
 
 John Croftes, by his will, dated 23 id August, 1504, gavo to his brother 
 Thomas a messuage in West Gait called Sheriff Brig house * 
 
 Leading from the Havenside, back to Fletcher gate in a 
 northerly direction, is Woodmarket gate, in modern times 
 called Love lane. This lane brings the traveller out at the 
 east end of Fletcher gate. At the extreme east end of that 
 street, facing the road to Thorngumbal-d, stands a good house 
 which formerly belonged to Mr. Henry Waterland, and is still 
 the property of his descendants. f In a field belonging to the 
 same property, called St. Nicholas' Church yard, is the site of 
 the Church of St. Nicholas ; the foundations of the Church, 
 which were easily traceable fifty years ago, are now almost 
 obliterated. 
 
 Leading from Woodmarket gate in a northerly. direction is 
 Baxter gate, or Baker's gate, derived from the word 'Bakester' 
 the ancient name of baker. 
 
 * Testamenta Ebot, vol. iv., p. 230. 
 
 t Now occupied by Mr. Arthur Pewson. 
 
210 History of Hedon. 
 
 Bakesters and Brewsters 
 And Boclieis manye."* 
 
 On the east side of this street are the ''Burgage houses" eight 
 in number, built by the Corporation in 1812.^ 
 
 On the west side of Baxter gate is a narrow road, leading 
 from the Koman Catholic Chapel to Oeorgs street, called Grape 
 lane (mentioned in Baker's Survey of Hedon, 1888, as Grab 
 lane). An obscure street in the City of York, near to the 
 Cathedral, is similarly named. The name tending not a little to 
 obscenity, as it is very plainly written in some ancient writings, 
 is now described by a more modest expression. + A copy of an 
 ancient document where the name is plainly written is preserved 
 in Drake's History of York.§ 
 
 Johannes de Preston, towards the end of the 14th century, gave to the 
 Priory of Nunkeeling land in Hedon with buildings thereon in Grape lane 
 free from all secular services, the Convent paying yearly to the Eai'l of 
 Albemarle, sixpence. || 
 
 From Baxter gate leading westward to the Market Place is 
 Swine gate ; in later days the name wa.s altered to George 
 street by Alderman George Sawyer, who had property there. 
 
 Towards the north end of Baxter gate, on the west side, m 
 the grounds of Holyrood house, the residence of Mr. James 
 
 * Viswji of Piers Plo7vman. 
 t Vide a7tte,\>\i.m-no. 
 
 I Drake's Eboracuin, p. 306. 
 § Ihid, appendix, p. Ixii. 
 
 II Poulson's Holderness, i. 175, from B.C. Library, xiii. 20, No. 28. 
 Johannes de Preston Avas a biicklemaker Avhose will was proved 27th April, 1400. 
 
Topographical History. 211 
 
 Watson, stands an ancient stone cross, commonly called 
 Kilnsea Cross, from its having formerly stood at Kilnsea, 
 whence it was removed to Burton Constable by the late 
 Mr. William Constable, as Lord of the Seigniory of Holderness, 
 to save it from being destroyed by the encroachments of the 
 sea. It was afterwards, some years ago, removed to Hedon, to 
 the place where it now stands, by the late Mr. James Iveson, 
 to whom it was presented by Mr. Constable. This cross was, 
 according to tradition, originally erected at Ravenspurne (a 
 town long ago destroyed by the inundations of the sea) 
 to commemorate the landing there of Henry, Duke of 
 Lancaster, afterwards King Henry lY., and on the approaching 
 destruction of Ravenspurne it was removed to Kilnsea, hence 
 its name of Kilnsea Cross. This tradition is the more probable, 
 as crosses have been erected in almost every Christian age and 
 country to indicate the places where battles have been fought, 
 or to commemorate events of importance in the estimation of 
 their founders. The Cross consists of an octagonal shaft, and 
 stands on a base ascended by three steps. The figures on the 
 top of the cross are now scarcely legible : those on the west 
 side, now placed to the north, appear to represent the Cruci- 
 fixion; and the two figures, one on each side of our Saviour, may 
 probably represent the two Marys. Above this is an angel on 
 one side holding a sort of canopy over a figure intended to 
 represent the Virgin. From the appearance of this part of the 
 Cross, there has probably been a corresponding angel on the 
 
212 History of Hedon. 
 
 opposite side ; on the east side, now placed towards the south, 
 are three figures, the centre one in a sitting posture; on one 
 side is an angel holding a wreath or crown over the centre 
 figure, and without doubt (as on the other side) another angel 
 has been represented, which may probably be intended to repre- 
 sent the crowning of the Virgin. Immediately underneath the 
 capital are shields all round the shaft, supported by winged 
 angels, representing various instrurneafes of the passion ; the 
 shield immediately under the representation of our Saviour 
 being the Calvary Cross ; about half way down the shaft are 
 two figures representing a monk and a nun. The landing of 
 Henry, Duke of Lancaster, at Eavenspurne in 1339, in 
 commemoration of which event this cross was erected, is thus 
 alluded to by Shakespeare : — 
 
 The banish'd Bolingbroke repeals himself, 
 And with uplifted arms is safe arrived 
 At Ravenspurgh.* 
 
 At the extreme north end of Baxter gate are a short street, 
 leading westward up to the Church and Market hill called 
 Magdalen gate, and the road leading eastward towards Burst- 
 wick called Magdalen road ; both derive their names by reason 
 of their leading directly to the place called Magdalen hill, and 
 the Chantry Chapel of St. Mary the Magdalen. 
 
 On the opposite side of the road to Magdalen hill is a small 
 field called Low Magdalen, in which formerly stood a Chantry 
 Chapel dedicated to St. 'Mary the Magdalen. There are no 
 
 * /Tmg /itcAard //., act h., sc. 2. 
 
Topographical History. 
 
 213 
 
 traces left of any of the foundations although it has been stated 
 that Mr. Tickell, the historian of Hull, recollected some parts 
 of the foundation being visible. At an inquisition held at Hedon 
 in the year 1432, amongst other presentments, it is recorded 
 that the jury presented upon oath : 
 
 "That a common highway which leads unto tlie clia})el of the hk-ssed 
 Mary Magdalen is defective to the house of Thomas Bawde and ought to be 
 repaired by Thomas Palmer, who came and spoke and" submitted himself 
 to the mercy, &c., and amercied in the sum of ijd." 
 
 At the extreme west end of Magdalen gate is the road 
 leading directly to St, Augustine's Church and the old Market 
 hill. On the Market hill stood in former days the Kyding 
 Hall or old Town Hall, on the site, as is said, of an old 
 Castle— at or near the place where the three elm trees 
 now stand. Matthew Burgh and Frances his wife, by a deed 
 dated 6th August, 1680, conveyed a 
 
 " Messuage or tenement with the buildings and large garth to the same 
 adjoining And also one garden and an orchard to the same belonging witli 
 the appurtenances wherein the said Matthew Burgh and Frances his wife now 
 dwelleth which said messuage or tenement garth garden or orchard to the same 
 adjoining are situate lying and being in Hedon aforesaid in a certain place 
 there called the old Market hill on the north side of the Townes hall," &c. 
 
 Leland, the well-known Antiquary, in his description of 
 The fair Haven town of Hedon " says : 
 
 " Not far from the Church garth appere tokens of a Pile or Castelle 
 that was sometyme ther for a defence of the Town."* 
 
 * Leland's Itinerary 
 
21J^ History of Hedon. 
 
 The tradition is that this Castle originally belonged to Earl 
 Drogo, the first Lord of the Seigniory of Holderness, who had 
 also a castle at Skipsea, and that it was at this -castle at Hedon 
 that the Earl murdered his wife, the Lady Albina (who was a 
 niece of William the Conqueror) by poison. In the year 1829, 
 in making an excavation on the Market hill, a dungeon or cell 
 was discovered, and in it was found the impression on glass of 
 a seal bearing a heraldic device. A ruin in a garden near to 
 the place* called ^'Albina's Tomb," is said to have been 
 placed there in memory of that unfortunate lady. 
 
 Within a cell a corpse was found, 
 Which told to all the Lady's doom, 
 And now, upon that spot of ground, 
 Is built an arch, ' Albina's Tomb.' 
 
 And constant as returns the d ay, 
 Known to the Church as St. Mark's e'en, 
 Albina and the Earl they say 
 Within Augustine's tower are seen." 
 
 Upon the Market hill also formerly stood a School house, 
 near to the place where the three elm trees now are. The 
 School house was pulled down in 1829. 
 
 The Vicarage house also stood on the Market hill, on the 
 north side of the Church, on what is now part of the Church- 
 yard. This house was pulled down when the present Vicarage 
 house in Ivy lane was built in the year 1868. 
 
 • Now the reBidence of Mr. O. E. Park. 
 
Topographical History. 215 
 
 At the north-east corner of the Market hill stands the 
 Board school, built in the year 1873, which is governed by a 
 Board of five members elected triennially by the ratepayers. 
 
 The Market hill,. as its name implies, was the place on 
 which the fairs and cattle markets were used to be held. 
 
 Amongst the old records of the town are to be found the 
 names of several gates and streets which can only be traced by 
 tradition, and some are now entirely lost ; e.g., of the Fullers' 
 way (which indicates that the trade of scouring and cleansing 
 cloth was at one time carried on at Hedon), Winegate, Lanbrig, 
 Catbrig, and Highbrig there are no traces. Lithernsgate, or 
 Lithergate (probably the road between Preston and Souter gate). 
 Butcher gate (probably either Fletcher gate or the shambles in 
 the Market place), Walker gate (possibly what is now called 
 Church lane), West Briggate, North Briggate, Bb. John's gate 
 (undoubtedly that portion of the Hull road from the west end 
 of Fletcher gate to the Church lane) ; whilst are still retained 
 the ancient names of Souter gate, Fletcher gate, Baxter gate, 
 Swinegate, Magdalen gate, Grape lane, cfec. 
 
 It is mteresting to observe how the names of houses and 
 fields have been preserved from generation to generation ; e.g., 
 Governor's house " and ''St. Sepulchres " must have had 
 these names at least four centuries ago. " Wychcroft " is 
 named in the reign of Richard II. " Eaikes' Closes" take 
 their name from Mr. Robert Raikes, the then owner, who lived 
 
216 History of Hedon. 
 
 at Hedon during the time of the Commonwealth. Merryman 
 Close " derives its name from a former owner, Mr. George 
 Merryman, who lived at Hedon, and was one of the Bailiffs in 
 1603. G-annock " is mentioned so far back as the fifteenth 
 century, when one, William Bilton, paid for "the herbage from 
 Gannock to West Brig vjd." " Alured's Close," ' the property 
 of John Alured in the sixteenth century ; "St. James' Close," 
 and " St. Nicholas' Church yard " (the sites of the two 
 Churches of St. James and St. Nicholas) all still retain their 
 names. 
 
lopographiccd Htstoy^y, 
 
 POPULATION. 
 
 The population of Hedon which has not materially altered 
 during the last ninety years, was, at the taking of the census in 
 1891, 979. 
 
 The following are the population returns during the present 
 century : — 
 
 YEAR. 
 
 HOUSES. 
 
 PERSONS. 
 
 
 Inhabited. 
 
 Uninhabited. 
 
 Total. 
 
 Maies. 
 
 Females. 
 
 Total. 
 
 1801 
 
 
 
 
 295 
 
 297 
 
 592 
 
 1811 
 
 
 
 
 374 
 
 406 
 
 780 
 
 1821 
 
 182 
 
 
 182 
 
 427 
 
 475 
 
 902 
 
 1831 
 
 195 
 
 21 
 
 216 
 
 529 
 
 551 
 
 1080 
 
 1841 
 
 215 
 
 5 
 
 220 
 
 445 
 
 553 
 
 998 
 
 1851 
 
 222 
 
 10 
 
 232 
 
 471 
 
 558 
 
 1029 
 
 1861 
 
 213 
 
 26 
 
 239 
 
 470 
 
 505 
 
 975 
 
 1871 
 
 231 
 
 11 
 
 242 
 
 476 
 
 520 
 
 996 
 
 1881 
 
 225 
 
 26 
 
 251 
 
 437 
 
 529 
 
 966 
 
 1891 
 
 234 
 
 44 
 
 278 
 
 427 
 
 552 
 
 979 
 
218 
 
 History of Hedon. 
 
 THE HAVEN, 
 which forms the southern boundary of the Borough, was no 
 doubt originally a large Creek from the river Humber, and at 
 one time came up to the town. The course of the old Creek 
 or Haven can still be clearly traced from the Far Bank,"* 
 The present Haven was made under the authority of an Act of 
 Parliament passed in 1774 an Act) for recovering improving 
 and maintaining the Navigation of Hedon in Holderness in the 
 East Eiding of the County of York "), The preamble of this 
 Act recites that the Haven is an ancient navigation, but, by 
 reason of the dressing and cleansing thereof having been 
 neglected for many years, it was then greatly warped up, and 
 was capable of being made navigable from the Eiver Humber 
 to the Turnpike Eoad near the town of Hedon, and would be of 
 great advantage to the said town, and likewise to all towns and 
 places in the neighbourhood thereof, and would, moreover, be 
 of great public utility. It is enacted that certain persons 
 therein named, being the principal Landowners and Gentry in 
 the district, with the Mayor and Aldermen of Hedon for the 
 time being, should be Commissioners for putting the Act into 
 execution, with power to make and continue the Haven 
 navigable for barges, boats, lighters, and other vessels, from 
 low water mark in the Eiver Humber, to the Turnpike Eoad 
 
 * In an old town rental this place is called " Far Bank." 
 
Topographical History, 210 
 
 near the town of Hedon, leading to Patrington, as they should 
 think proper, and for that purpose to enlarge or straighten the 
 same, and to provide bridges, sluices, locks, quays, &c., and 
 also to make a reservoir near the said Turnpike Road for 
 vessels to turn in, to be at least 150 feet long, 80 feet wide, 
 and 8 feet deep. A provision is also made in the Act for 
 draining lands in the township of Preston, by means of two 
 doughs, called Pollard Clough and New Field Clough. The 
 Commissioners are, by the Act, authorised to receive tolls and 
 dues on all merchandize, according to the scale therein 
 mentioned, viz : For every quarter of wheat, rye, beans, pease, 
 or rapeseed, 6d.; for every quarter of malt or oats, 4d.; for 
 every quarter of barley, or other sort of grain not before 
 enumerated, 4d.; for every sack of meal or flour, containing 
 five bushels, 6d.; for every chaldron of coals, culm, or cinders, 
 reckoning forty-eight bushels to the chaldron, 3s. 6d.; for every 
 ton of bricks, stone, tiles, or lime, for building, 3s. 6d.; and for 
 every ton of goods, wares, merchandizes, or commodities, not: 
 before enumerated, 4d. Provided that no toll or dues shall be 
 taken for any boat, or other vessel, loaded with dung, lime, 
 chalk, or other materials, to be used in the manuring of lands 
 only, or loaded with hay or corn, in the straw not sold, but to 
 be laid up, in the outhouses, or garths, belonging to the respec- 
 tive owners thereof. The Act gives the Commissioners power 
 to reduce or lessen the above tolls and dues, and the same have 
 been from time to time altered. The Mayor is entitled, by 
 
220 History of Hedon. 
 
 ancient custom, to a met* of coal from every cargo brought into 
 the Haven, for his own use, called the Mayor's met." This 
 perquisite of the Mayor for the time being was discontinued 
 about thirty years ago. Previous to the making of the turn- 
 pike road to Hull in 1833, but more particularly to the opening 
 of the Hull and Holderness railway in 1854, there was a large 
 amount of trade at the Haven, in the importation of coal and 
 lime, and the exportation of corn. This trade is now in a 
 great measure, by reason of the facility of transit by railway, 
 diverted into that channel ; notwithstanding, a fair amount of 
 coal and lime still continues to be imported. 
 
 FAIKS AND MARKETS. 
 In the fourth year of the reign of King John, A.D. 1203, 
 Hedon is mentioned with Beverley as paying fines to the King 
 that they might buy and sell dyed cloths as they were 
 accustomed to do in the time of Henry IL;t and in the reign 
 of Edward 1. mention is made of " Market gate " and Wood- 
 market gate." In a grant by Hugh, son of John Botild de 
 Hedon, to Warner de Preston, dyer (Tinctori), and Maud his 
 wife, daughter of Hamo de Lelley, lands and tenements in 
 Market gate, and an annual rent of 2s. 8d. out of a house in 
 Woodmarket gate are named. j The office of Clerk of the 
 Market is also recognised in the Charter of 22nd Edward III. 
 The first mention of a fair at Hedon is in the Charter of 
 56 Henry III., dated 7th January, 1272, whereby the King 
 
 * A strike or bushel. 
 
 t Poulson's holdeyness, ii., p. 108. % Ibtd. 
 
Topographical History. 221 
 
 granted to " Edmund our son and to Aveline his wife and 
 their heirs for ever " that they might have one market every 
 seven days at their Manor of Skipsea, and a fair at tlieir Manor 
 of Hedon every year for seven days' duration, viz., on the eve 
 of the day and in the morning of St. Augustine, Bishop,* and 
 for five days following. There is no record of this fair having 
 been held on the days mentioned in the Charter. Letters 
 patent of 16 Charles II., A.D. 1675, provided for the holding 
 of a fair at a place called St. Augustine's gate on 25th Novem- 
 ber, and at a place called the Old Market hill on 2ad February 
 in every year, for all manner of cattle, goods, and merchandize. 
 For the reasons before mentioned these fairs were never held. 
 
 It is interesting to note the anxiety evinced by the 
 authorities in these early days to punish offenders for mal- 
 practices at fairs and markets, especially for the now obsolete 
 offences of forestallingt and regrating,+ as well as dishonest 
 dealings. Thus, in 7th Henry V. (1420), several presentments 
 were made ; e.g.y 
 
 Presentments and Indictments taken before Robert Wyntringham, 
 Mayor of the town of Hedon, and Nicholas Kirkeby and William Barber, 
 bailiffs of the same town, keepers of the peace of our Lord the King, 
 also his Justices, to enquire into all felonies, transgressions, and all other 
 evil acts within the town aforesaid and the liberties thereof, manifest or 
 contingent, to hear and terminate and assign at Hedon, on Tuesday, in the 
 
 * 28th August. 
 
 t Forestalling was the bu3'ing or bargaining for corn or cattle, &c., as it was 
 coming to any market or fair to be sold, in order to sell the same at a higher price. — 
 Bailey's Dutionaiy. 
 
 X A regrater was a retail dealer who bought provisions to sell again at a profit. — 
 Gross's Gild Mnchant, ii., p. 416. 
 
222 
 
 History of Hedon. 
 
 feast of St. Nicholas the bishop* in the 6th year of the reign of King 
 Henry V. — Robert Baty, Hugh Bernard, William Turner, William Kilburne, 
 John Ellerton, William Ranym, William Clerk, Simon de Marflete, Peter 
 North, Thomas Thorgell, John Davidson, and John Sohirburnef (amongst 
 others). Item. — The presentment is that Thomas Freeman (pleads culpable) 
 of Hedon in Holdernesse in the County of York, Tanner, on the eleventh 
 day of June, 6th Henry V., within the liberty of the town of Hedon, did 
 purchase a parcel of wheat for the benefit of all parties concerned, of Peter 
 del Hill, of Preston, and others, before it came into the market, Peter 
 himself having preferred to have come to the said market and so he 
 forestalled to the great injury of the subjects of our Lord the King and 
 contrary to the Statute, &c. Item. — The presentment is that Andrew 
 Glover, of Newark in the County of Lincoln, glover, on the day of the 
 Sabbath next before the feast of the purification of tlie blessed Mary the 
 Virgin, in the 6th year of the reign of King Henry V., within the liberty of 
 the town of Hedon, that is on the day of the market, did purchase wheat, 
 that is one quarter, of Richard Gaire, of Preston, and others, for seven 
 shillings, whereas the common price was for six shillings, in rising the price 
 of the market, &c. Item. — The presentment is that Thomas Carter, of Hedon in 
 Holdernesse in the County of York, did, on the same day, within the liberty of 
 the town of Hedon, purchase two quarters of wheat of John Dene, of Rymswell, 
 and others for . . and resold it on the aforesaid day of the market to Andrew 
 Glover, of Newark, and others, and that he was a regrater, &c., to the very 
 great injury of the subjects of our Lord and King. Item. — The presentment 
 is that Thomas Martyn, of the same Town and County, Cordewainer, on the 
 aforesaid day, that is of the market, and other market days, within the 
 liberty of the town of Hedon, that he bought a quarter of wheat of Symon 
 Robynsou, of Sprotley, in rising the market, and that he was a regrater, &g. 
 
 Item. — The presentment is that Robert de , of Kingston-upon- 
 
 Hull in the County of York, Chapman, on the market day, and other 
 market days, within the liberty, &c., that he bought three quarters of wheat 
 of John Maunas, of Kayingham, and that wheat was regrated to Andrew 
 Glover, of Newark, in the rising the market, (^c. Item. — The presentment 
 is that Richard Alkbarowe (pi. not guilty) was guilty on the 14 day of 
 November, 6th Henry V., within the liberties of the aforesaid town of 
 Hedon, of having sold a pair of leather boots to Richard Pegge, of Paull, of 
 
 * 6th December. 
 
 t Tlie jurors. 
 
Topographical History. 
 
 223 
 
 bad leather, and fraudulently and deceitfully tanned, also made in a deceitful 
 manner, to defraud the subjects of our Lord and King, &c. Item. — The 
 presentment is that John de Waghen is charged that, on the 3rd day of 
 April, 5th Henry V., within the liberties, &c., he sold sotulares* at the 
 highest profit, and against the Statute, &c., that is to say to John Danson 
 and others, one pair of sotulares with common sotularibz for 8d. Item. — The 
 presentment is that John Fleshewer, Butcher, on the 2nd day of August, 6th 
 Henry V., within the liberties, &c., did sell flesh not useable, old, useless, 
 and worthless, for keeping dried, that is to John Furnace, of Hedon, and 
 others to the deception of the people of our Lord and King, &c. Item. — 
 the same John Fleshewer, late one of the bailiffs of the aforesaid town, is 
 also presented that on the lOrh day of June, 6th Henry V., and on other 
 days and times, when he was bailiff, within the liberties of the aforesaid 
 town, did sell victuals, 20 pennyworth of bread and 40 pennyworth of ale, 
 to William Benne. and others, and that he was a common victualler against 
 the Statute of our Lord the King, &c. Item.— the presentment is that 
 Agnes wife of John Piese, schipman, on the 2nd day of September, in the 
 6th of King Henry V., within the liberties, &c., did sell two penny wheat 
 loaves of bread, not useable, and fusty, to William Baxter, of Elstanwick, 
 and others, in deception of the people of our Lord and King, &c., for which 
 the presentment is that the Sheriff omit not, &c., but that he causes to come 
 the aforesaid Thomas Freeman, Andrew Glover, and others, that they are, 
 before the aforesaid Jnstices on Tuesday next after the feast of St. Barnabas 
 the apostle next following, &c. 
 
 The principal fairs which were, up to a recent date, held at 
 Hedon were : — Magdalen fair, on 2nd August ; Holyrood fair, 
 on 22nd September ; Einging-day fair, on 17th November ; and 
 Hollym fair, on 6th December. 
 
 Of these the most important was Magdalen Faie, which 
 was held annually on 2nd August, in a field on the north side 
 of the Burstwick road (in the parish of Preston) called Magdalen 
 
 * A kind of shoe or patten partaking of both. — Poulson's Holdernessy ii., p. 114- 
 
History of Hedon. 
 
 hill, about a quarter of a mile out of Hedon. Half a century 
 ago this fair was one of the most celebrated and largely 
 attended fairs in the East Riding, not only as a mart for cattle, 
 but as a resort for pleasure seekers. The fair continued to be 
 held, although in much diminished numbers, both as regards 
 pleasure seekers and cattle, up to the year 1878, when it was 
 discontinued. The amusements were numerous and varied, 
 and conspicuous amongst other entertainments was a travelling 
 theatre. And for the first half of the present century Magdalen 
 fair was a genuine type of an old English fair. The amuse- 
 ments of the fair may be gathered from the following popular 
 song which used, in the days of yore, to be sung in its praises. 
 
 MAGDALEN FAIK. 
 
 Let Lords in their bag-wigs, and Ladies in gauze, 
 At Court strut and stare, or at balls seek applause. 
 Can such create onvy, can ought give us care 
 While pleasures invite us, like Magdalen fair ? 
 
 No plotting ariibition, no polish'd deceit, 
 
 No patches or paint, at this revel we meet. 
 
 Our greetings are blessings not purchas'd by wealth, 
 
 The smile of content, and the rose bloom of health. 
 
 Fair Maidens, long wishing for this happy day. 
 Pray old Father Time to pass quickly away. 
 To reach this gay scene all contrivance they try, 
 And those who can't get there, they sit down and cry. 
 
 Here Damsels, all beauty enliven'd by youth. 
 With eyes full of lightning, and hearts full of truth, 
 Impell'd by Dame Nature, in spite of their dads. 
 Parade in their best as they skyme at the lads. 
 
Topographical History. 
 
 225 
 
 And gallant young Yeomen, our nation's cliief luicle, 
 For such can be found in no country beside,. 
 Each anxiously striving from notice apai t' 
 To catch a kind look from the girl of his heart. 
 
 All sports and diversions, for old and for young, ' ' 
 
 A medley of frolic is this jovial throngs, 
 
 Shrill whistles, loud trumpets, bag-pipe and gew gaw, 
 
 Pots boiling, dogs fighting, and games of E.O. 
 
 Here's wrestling and vaulting, and dancing on wire, 
 With fiddling and juggling, and men eating fire. 
 Bold sergeants recruiting, lads listing for life, 
 And family lessons from Punch and liis wife. 
 
 Knights valiant in armour, young Princes in wax. 
 Some, dice boxes shaking, some, bowling at nacks, . 
 Kings wielding I heir sceptres, Queens seated ill state. 
 And pockets quick einptied by S. G. and Kate. 
 
 Stalls hung with fine trinkets before and behind, 
 liich sweets for the palate, and books for the mind. 
 Fam'd singers of ballads, excelled by none. 
 And tellers of fortunes, who don't know their own. 
 
 Huge giants, dwarf pigmies, wild beasts, and wise ponies, 
 . . Kough bears, taught to dance with arch pug maccaronies, ' . . 
 Parie shows, and safe horses, a penny a ride, 
 With grand entertainments a thousand beside. 
 
 In words all the wonders would never be told. 
 The way to enjoy is to come and behold. 
 
 The King's coronation can nothing compare , . 
 
 To half the delights of a Magdalen fair. 
 
 It is evident from the name of this fair, the time of the 
 year at which, and the place where it was held, viz., on the 
 festival of St. Mary the Magdalen (the patron saint to whom 
 the Chantry Chapel adjoining was dedicated) that it , was of 
 
226 History of Hedon. 
 
 ancient origin, and a relic of medisBval days, when the country 
 people assembled on the anniversary of the dedication of the 
 Church. Eeligious people met together on the eve of the day 
 of commemoration, and continued to watch and pray all night, 
 but, in lapse of time, there was but little devotion at those 
 meetings. They became, frequently, friendly gatherings, hawkers 
 and pedlars began to attend them, to sell their wares, and petty 
 dealers of various kinds set up stalls and booths in the Church 
 yards.* Here we have the origin of our country fairs and village 
 feasts, which coatiaaed not in their original purity, but 
 degenerated into drunkenness and rioting, until becoming so 
 great a scandal to Christianity they were at length suppressed 
 by the Church. Fairs for secular purposes only, however, 
 continued to be held annually on the saint's day.t 
 
 HoLYRooD Fair was originally held on 26th September, the 
 anniversary of the festival of the Elevation of the Holy Cross. 
 This was a fair principally for horses, foals, and sheep. The 
 day for holding the fair was altered, at the request of the Hol- 
 derness Agricultural Society, by order of the Mayor, 12fch July, 
 1796 (on account of the fair at Market Weighton being held on 
 the same day)t to 22nd September. The attendance at this 
 fair gradually decreased, and it finally collapsed in 1866, 
 notwithstanding an attempt made to alter the day of holding 
 
 * Thompson's Church and Prtory of S-wmey p. 154. 
 
 t Feasts, as they are usually called, are still observed in many villages in 
 Holderness. 
 
 X Mr. Bethell's Minutes of the Holderness Agricultural Society ^ p. 1 1 — Hull Advertiser^ 
 16 July, 1796. 
 
Topographical History. 227 
 
 the fair to the Saturday in the Doncaster race-week. It 
 appears from a reference to the Ordinances that the observance 
 of this fair was attended with much ceremony on the part of 
 the Corporation.* The fair was opened by the Mayor and 
 Bailiffs, with a proclamation, the form of which is preserved in 
 the records of the Corporation : 
 
 The Maiore and Balifes crye on bolyruddaine. 
 
 The Maiore and Balife stratlie ohargeth and comoiandeth in the names 
 of our Soverin Lorde and Ladief the Kinge and the Queenes Maj^ that 
 everie person and persons resorting and coming unto this faire keape our said 
 Soverin leiges pease. And that no person or persons presume within this 
 said faire to brail, chide nor make quarrell wherebie the said pease might be 
 disturbyed on paine of imprisonment and to make fine accordinge to their 
 deserving. And further that no person or persons resorting and coming to 
 this faire shall sell no manner of cattaul or other wairea until they come 
 within the said faire and that they sell them openlie and not in corners nor 
 yet in secret places on paine of forfateing of the same or els the value 
 thereof. And also that no person or persons carrie awaye anye sheape horse 
 or other cattalle by them bought within this faire or anye kynde of other stuff 
 or waires before that they have answered the officer or his deputie or 
 deputies for the toll and kinges dutie therefor. And further if anye person 
 or persons sell breade aile or other victualls corruptlie which should be 
 unlawfull or hurtefull to mens bodie or the same sell at any unreasonable 
 price, or that no person or persons sell anye waire within this faire that is 
 deceitfull or flocked cloth wool buttes or shoes of evil lethar or unlawfull 
 potes doublers or other brazen or pewter vessels, or anything measurable or 
 to selU by anye unreasonable measure or wyghte to the deceipt of the liege 
 people, Ailsuch offenders be punished accordinge to the cleare orders of 
 the law. And if anye manner of person or persons have anye sorte of 
 wronge done within this faire or marquet they shall have remedie accordinge 
 to equitie and justice. And all misdoers that in anywise trouble the people 
 in this said faire shall be punished accordinge to their deserving And 
 
 t Philip and Mary.! 
 
 * Vide Ordinance, No. 37, p. 56 ante. 
 
History of Hedon. 
 
 iurdur that no person or persons sliall paie annie tole for anything bought 
 or sold within the said faire if tlie price of the said thinge so bought and 
 sold within this said faire do not extend above the sum of iij. iiijd. 
 God save, &c. 
 
 Einging-Day Fair, held on 17th November, so called from 
 tlio Church bells being rung on that day as the anniversary of 
 the Gunpowder Plot, was a cattle fair. It continued to be 
 held up to the year 1866, when it was closed by an order 
 in Council, in the time of the Cattle Plague, and was not 
 afterwards re-opened. 
 
 HoLLYM Fair was also a cattle fair, held on Gth December. 
 A. fair was also held on the same day at Patrington, also called 
 HoUym fair, principally for boots and shoes and cloth. In ali 
 probability this fair was originally held at Hollym, being 
 another instance of a fair being held on the anniversary of the 
 patron saint day of the Church (St. Nicholas). When the 
 Church at Hollym became deserted, by reason of the encroach- 
 ment of the sea, the department of the fair used by the 
 merchants and pedlars would be transferred to Patrington, as 
 the nearest and most important Church of the district ; and 
 that for the sale and purchase of cattle to Hedon, as most 
 convenient to husbandmen. 
 
 The two fairs granted by the Charter of King James II, — 
 the one at Candlemas (February), and the other at Martinmas 
 (November)— do not appear to have been ever held. 
 
2'opograpJiical History. '229 
 
 The Fortnightly Markets were established at Hedon on 
 25fch July, 1796, at the instigation of the Holderness Agricul- 
 tural Society, and held throughout the year for cattle and 
 sheep.* These markets had previously been holden at Hedon 
 from Candlemas to Michaelmas only. The fortnightly markets 
 were closed under the general order in Council for closing fairs 
 and markets during the time of the Cattle Plague in 1866, and 
 were not re-opened. 
 
 Sittings. — Somewhat in connection with fairs may be 
 noticed the annual gatherings, two or three weeks before 
 Martinmas, for the hiring of servants, usually called ^'Sittings." 
 These gatherings are still held at Hedon, generally on the 
 Wednesday after 5th November, and are the relic of an old 
 custom traceable to the Statute of Labourers, 23rd Edward III. 
 (henoe they are sometimes illogically called Statutes), under 
 which Justices of the Peace were required to hold meetings or 
 sittings, four times a year, to regulate the rate of wages, and 
 for enforcing contracts between masters and servants. There 
 are divers entries amongst the Corporation records of the 
 Sittings of Justices of the Borough for the purpose of regulat- 
 ing wages and contracts, t,g.: 
 
 December the 19th, 1655. 
 Me. That Eobert Swarke, of Hedon, weaver, and Thomas Eichardson, 
 late Sonne of Jo. Richardson, late of Weeton, in HoPnes, weaver, dec** came 
 and desire that it may be recorded that the said Tho. Richardson hath hired 
 himselfe w'th the said Rob*- unto Martinmas next And the master to give 
 
 • Mr. Bethell's Mtnutes of the Holderness Agricultural Society, p. 11. 
 
230 
 
 History of Hedon. 
 
 his servant for his labour & paines, xxxs. And to direct him soe fair as he 
 can in said trade and to imploy him noe otherwayes (except it be upon 
 suretesie) & ye M"" to find him meat drinke & logeing washing and wringeing 
 meet and fitting for him. 
 
 November y^ 11th, 1663. 
 
 Me. That Marie Balding hath hired herselfe to Anne Davison untill 
 Mayday next is to give her xxs. for her wages & gave her vjd. for her 
 earnest pennie. 
 
 The 29th of October, 1663. 
 
 Me. That Sarah Stones hath hired herselfe yo daye and yeare first 
 aJbove written unto Aquila Stevenson from Martinmas next untill one whole 
 yeare be ended And she gave her vjd. for an earnest pennie And she is 
 to give xxvjs. viijd. for her service. 
 
 The last day of December, 1664. 
 
 Me. That Priscilla the daughter of Edward Booth of Burstwicke hath 
 hired herselfe with & to John Davison of Hedon aforesaid from the said last 
 day of December untill Martinmas next and is to have for her wages xxvs. & 
 vjd. for her earnest pennie. 
 
 The Holderness Agricultural Society was constituted at 
 a meeting, of gentlemen and farmers, holden at Hedon on 
 Monday, 2nd November, 1795, for the purpose of investigat- 
 ing agricultural subjects and other matters closely connected 
 therewith."* The meetings were held quarterly, at which 
 questions bearing upon agricultural subjects were discussed. 
 The first President of the Society was Mr. James Stovin, of 
 Boreas Hill. Extracts from the minutes of the Society, 
 collated and published by Mr. William Bethell, of Kise Park, 
 one of the members of the Society, in 1883 (a work of much 
 
 * Extract from the Minutes, by Mr. Bethell, p. I. 
 
Topographical History, 231 
 
 labour and research, form a valuable and interesting volume on 
 H'olderness farming. In 1807, the Society commenced to offer 
 premiums, for the show of cattle and pigs, which thirty years 
 later were extended to horses and sheep. The meetings for 
 discussion are now in abeyance, but an exhibition of horses and 
 cattle is held every summer, either at Hedon or some important 
 town in the district. 
 
 CHARITIES. 
 
 The charities at Hedon are not so numerous or so valuable 
 as might be expected, considering the many opportunities 
 which the inhabitants must have had of availing themselves 
 from time to time of the liberality of the representatives in 
 Parliament for the Borough. Some of the charities are 
 connected solely with the Corporation, some with the Church, 
 and one only (not now subsisting) with the parish. 
 
 The charities immediately connected with the Corporation 
 are: 
 
 The Buebage or Burgage Houses, situate in Baxter gate, 
 consisting of eight houses, erected by the Corporation in 1812, 
 at a cost of j£571 4s. lid., towards which Mr. George Johnstone 
 and Mr. Anthony Browne, the then parliamentary representatives 
 of the Borough, contributed one hundred pounds each. The 
 houses were built for occupation, rent free, by old decayed 
 burgesses. The nomination of the occupants, who receive no 
 pecuniary benefit, is in the Corporation, When vacancies 
 arise and no burgesses are found eligible, widows are admitted. 
 
232 
 
 History of Hedon. 
 
 The Bede Houses, situate in Souter gate, consisting of 
 three cottages, were devised to the Corporation hy George 
 Painter, a priest at Hull, in the year 1562, for three poor ineii 
 or women, and endowed by him with coals and turves and a 
 small allowance in money. The houses are now occupied by 
 three widows, who receive from the Corporation an allowance 
 of twelve shillings a month and a ton of coals annually, also 
 coals from Miss Clifford's bequest. The widows are nominated 
 by the Corporation. The will of George Painter is a quaint 
 and interesting document, and is given in extenso. 
 
 In dei nom Amen, the first day of January in the year of our Lord God 
 1562, 1 Georg Painter p p. of Kingston-upon-Hull beinge of right uiinde and 
 good remembrance, to make and ordeine my last will and testament in the 
 man* and forme followinge. First I give my soule into the hands of 
 Almightie God, and my bodie to be buried where it shall please myne 
 executors. Item. — I give to the Mair^ of Headon and his brethren and to 
 their successors brethren and balives there, these my thre houses situate and 
 beinge in Headon aforesaid in the strete called Soutergait, and fower closes 
 and one orchard in the same towne, to have and to holde the said thre houses 
 fower closes and orchard and other the appurtenances, in any wise -to the 
 same appertaininge or belonginge unto the said Maio® his brethren and 
 balives and to their successors there for ever, to the use purpose and "intent 
 that the said Maio^ his brethren and balives for their time being, shall in the 
 said thre houses imediately aff" my death place thre poore men or women, 
 and give weekly and yerely, to every of them three pence by weike, and a 
 chald'^ & a half of castle coals. & six hundred of peates or turves of the best 
 brought, and freely delivered at the dores of the said thre pore folkes, that is 
 to every of them one half chald'' of coales & two hundred peates or turves, 
 and this my ordinance thus continue for ever. Also I will that the said 
 Maio® his brethren and balives aforesaid and their successors when anie of 
 the said poore folkes shall die out of anie of the said thre houses, that then 
 they shall within eight daies after the same place others therein, and that 
 those so placed.to he^ve such portion as before in this my will. I have 
 
Topographical History. 
 
 233 
 
 appointed and limited, and for the performance of theis prenimisses that 
 there be indentures with obligation upon the same betweene Sir Henry 
 Gait, Knight, Mr. Willm. Cheney, Esquire, and Mr. John Thornton, one of 
 the Al lerinen of Hull, whome I make myne executors jointly together of 
 this niy testamout and last will of the one partie and the Maio^" his brethren 
 and balives of the said town of Headon of the other partie, to be maide as 
 shortly after my death as may be by counsell learned in the law. Saving 
 so that if the said Maio'' his brethren and balives, and ther successors, brethren and 
 balives, there do not attall tyme and t3'mes maintain and upholde the said thre 
 houses, place & keep the said thre poore folks in the same and pay to every of them 
 their pence in the week and deliver unto them one chald"^ and a half of coales 
 and six hundred peates or turves yearly, brought and delivered at such time and 
 place as is aforesaid. That then the said Sir Henry G-ait, Willm. Cheney, Esq., 
 and Mr. John Thornton, their hei res, executors, and assignes at all times aff" 
 shall dis[)ossess the said Maio'' his brethren and balives and their successors 
 of the towne of Hedon aforesaid of all the said houses closes & orchard and 
 all other the premmisses for ever and to have the use profitt and comoditie 
 of the said rents and so to hold the same to tliem their lieires executors and 
 assigns in man"^ and forme as is aforesaid for ever. Also I give to Mighell 
 bolton, the sonne of Eobert bolton, one capitall house joining upon the 
 aforesaid thre houses in the gait affore named, and one cr )ft called Musket 
 Croft belonging to the same, with all the comodities to the same belonginge. 
 Provided always that Robert bolton his father shall have nothinge to do 
 make or meddle with the same and if he do then myne executors to sett 
 order according to my meaninge and intent, and if the said Mighell do die 
 without heires of his bodie lawfully begotten that then the capitall house 
 with the croft shall remain in the same order and use as the thre houses & 
 orchard above named, to the intent that they and their successors from 
 time to time may and shall the h^W fulfill the premmisses. And the rest of 
 my rents of the said capitall house the fre rent and all other dewties going 
 out of the same discharged, the thre houses be for the poore folkes at all 
 times repaired and my will in all points fulfilled the remanent of the same 
 to be emploied for the comon wealth of the same towne of Headon afforesaid 
 and if annie thinge herein contained be not accordinge to the lawe that it 
 be reformed by counsell learned, the residue of all my goods ungiven my 
 legacies as doth appeare in a schedule hereunto annexed discharged shall be 
 divided in thre parts, two whole parts of the same I give frelie unto the said 
 Sir Henry Gait, Willm. Cheney, Esquire, and to Mr. John Thornton whome 
 
History of Hedon. 
 
 I make may executors jointly together, And the third vvliole part thereof 
 to be given by them to the pore imediately after the probation of this my 
 testament and last will. Item. — I bequeath to the niaintaininge and 
 upholdinge of Saint Austen 0 lurch in Headon, xls. Item. — I bequeath to 
 the highway from Headon towne end towardes Preston, xls. Item. — I 
 bequeath to the mainteininge of the Haven where it nedes most xx8. Item. 
 — I bequeath to the pore folkes in Headon to be given yerly to them b}^ the 
 hands of Thomas Richardson, that is to say upon good friday ten shillings 
 and upon Psalmes day other t^a shillings for the space of xii years summe 
 xii7. Item. — I bequeath to Sir Henry Gait, Knyght, one standinge piece 
 with the covering graved and double gilted, weighing 36 ounces. Item. — 
 I bequeath to my ladie (iJait one hope of gold weighing two olde ryalls and 
 half a crowne. Item. — I bequeath to her three doughters, that is to say 
 Eliz. Marie and Frances, every one of them an old ryall. Item. — I bequeath 
 to Mr. Henry Gait, Sonne unto Sir Henry Gait, one old ryall. Item. — I 
 bequeath to Mr. Jno. Thornton, Aldd''- upon the [sic] Kingston-upon-Hull, 
 one stan dinge piece with the covering graved and duble gilted. Item. — I 
 bequeath Mistress Thornton one duble dolked. I bequeath to Christopher 
 Thornton, sonne to Mr. John Thornton, six silver spouns with the Apostles 
 at the endes of them gilted. Itm. — I bequeath to Jennet painter, my 
 cosinge, iiiZ. vjs. viijd. Itm. — I give to Mr. Edward and Mr. John Gait to 
 each of them an old ryall. Itm to Willm. Glave a franche crown. Itm to 
 Thos. Richardson, dwelltng in Headon, one salt with the covering ungilted, 
 having a George upon the top of the covering. Itm also to the said Thomas 
 a worsted jackett faced with foines. Itm. — I bequeath to the said Thos. 
 Richardson wife one crowne. Itm. — I bequeath to John Davison a gowne 
 faced with fox and xxs. that he owes me. Itm. — I bequeath to the said 
 John Davison an angell of gold. Itm. — I bequeath to George Davison, my 
 godsonne, fower angells of gold. Itm. — I bequeath to John Marshall, 
 plummer, dwelling in Headon, a chamlet dublit with worsett stocks & I also 
 forgive him all the money that he owes me. Itm. — I bequeath unto his 
 wife an angell of gold. Itm. — I bequeath to Anne Bolton a gowne lyned 
 with black freese cloth, a litlo brass pott, two pitchers, two dishes of puf* 
 one sawser, a olde panne with a start, & a candlestick, a pair of bed stocks 
 that stands in the kitchin, a litle feather bed, the worst of thre, a bolsf* 
 two roddes & two rodde wares, one large sheete and a striking sheit, one 
 coverlet lined with blewe buckeram, and a olde covering of over sea work, 
 a carpet Dornix, two rawed quishinges, one old mattress, a litle pan, a chest 
 
To pogra phical History . 
 
 2S5 
 
 that stands hy my bed side, and iiij.s?; aiigells of goldu. Itm. — I buquuath to 
 Mr. Henry Jackson two angells of goiilde. Itm. — I bequeath to Robert 
 Heruiinge wife a silver potte with a covering diible glltod and a toad graven 
 upon the toppe of the covering which potte was her own some time. Ttni. 
 — T bequeath to Sir WiUm. Skelton, Vicar of Skelton, ray gowno lyned with 
 and one of ray best bonnets. Itra. — I bequeath to Wilhn. Jackson, 
 dwellinge in blacktoft, my girdle with the buckle and pinner of silver 
 gilted and my purse and also one french crowne. Itm. — I bequeath to 
 Margaret Whitfield, which was doughter to ray Mr. Robert Whitfield, [sic] 
 dwelling in the citie of York, one litle pott of silver ungilted and a long 
 settle that is a bed, Itm. — I bequeath to Oswyree Edwyne Merchant, 
 dwelling in the citie of York, two standing brode gobletts of silver. Itm — 
 I bequeath to Thos. Jackson wife, brother to Agnes White, ray servant, my 
 cow and her calf, the great cubbard, a counter, a meat horde, a great chair of 
 wainskott and other thre chairs and a table that I bought of John Skott 
 with a frame. 
 
 Et terto die menss februar anno dni millimo quigenmo sexagessimo 
 terto probat fuit hujoi testm p'd d'ni Rob'tus Gaunt et Thoma Richardson 
 jurat, etc. Com'issar' fuit administrate' honor' ejusdem Henrico Gait, Wm. 
 Cheney et John Thornton sup^ no'iat' executors p'd' teste' no'iat, viz., 
 Henric' Gait et John Thornton in p'son suis p'priis et Wra. Cheney in 
 p'sona Mr. Thomas Standeven p'cur' sui, etc., jurat, etc., salvo jure, etc. 
 
 Et irrotulet'' p'rae Willra. Bolton, clicu' Ville de Hedon, p'd'd' mandat 
 Joh'is Elewine tunc Maiore ville p'd' undecirao die junii Anno D'ni 1573. 
 
 Bethell's Chakity. — Sir Hugh Bethell, Knight, of Eise in 
 Holderness, who was for many years one of the representa- 
 tives in Parliament for the Borough, by his will dated 30 May, 
 1679,* charged part of his real estates with the payment of 
 £2 10s. per annum to the Mayor and Aldermen of Hedon, to be 
 equally distributed at Christmas among the poor of Hedon with 
 the consent of the said Sir Hugh Bethell and his heirs. This 
 
 * Eeport of the Charity Commissioners, 1828, " Hedon," page 760, gives the date 
 of Sir Hugh BetheH's will as 1676, but see same report " Eise," page 773, 
 
236 History of Hedon. 
 
 rent charge is regularly paid by the owner of the liise estate 
 every Christmas, to the Mayor for the time being, who 
 distributes the money among such poor people of the town as 
 he may select. Sir Hugh Bethell died 3 October, 1679, and 
 was buried at Eise. 
 
 Cliffokd^s Charity. — Miss Ann Clifford, of Patrington, 
 gave, by her will, to the Corporation of Hedon, the sum of 
 £100 for the purpose of providing (from the interest thereof) 
 coals for the poor of Hedon and Patrington to the amount of 
 
 a year for ever- The sum of Jg2 10s., one half of the above 
 sum, i^i expended in coals, which are distributed in equal 
 quantities every Christmas to each of the three widows living 
 in the Bede houses ; the remaining JC2 10s. is handed over by 
 the Borough Treasurer to the Kector and Churchwardens of 
 Patrington for the use of the poor of that parish. Miss 
 Clifford was the sister of Alderman Eobert Clifford, who was 
 Mayor of Hedon in 1814. She died at Patrington, 22 March, 
 1841, and was buried at Hedon, in the Church on the west side 
 of the south transept, where a memorial tablet records her 
 death. 
 
 CHAEITIES CONNECTED WITH THE PAEISH. 
 Three cottages in Baxtergate, formerly occupied by poor 
 persons dependent on the parish, under the control of the 
 Churchwardens and overseers of the poor, said to have been 
 given by William Sugg (who was a Bailiff in 1639 and 1648) to 
 the Corporation for the habitation of poor persons. These 
 
Topographical History. 2S7 
 
 cottages afterwards became the property of the parish, and 
 were sold under an order of the Poor Law Commissioners in 
 1873, and the purchase money invested by the Guardians of 
 the Sculcoates Union, the annual interest of which is paid in 
 aid of the Poor Bate, the site of these cottages is now occupied 
 by the Primitive Methodist Chapel. 
 
 CHAKITIES CONNECTED WITH THE CHUECH. 
 
 Ann Watson's Charity. — Mrs. Ann Watson, of Stoneferry 
 in the parish of Sutton, by her will, dated 27 October, 1720, 
 gave to the Minister of Hedon and his successors, Ministers of 
 Hedon for the time being, for ever an annuity or yearly sum of 
 three pounds " provided he read Divine service and preach a 
 sermon on the third of August in every year in the parish 
 Church of Hedon " in memory of her mother, to be paid each 
 year after Divine service and such sermon preached. She also 
 gave to the schoolmaster, and his successors for ever school- 
 master there, the yearly sum of twenty shillings, and to the 
 parish olerk of Hedon ten shillings yearly for ever, to bo paid on 
 the third day of August in every year. These sums, with the 
 exception of the annuity to the schoolmaster, are regularly 
 paid by the Trustees of the Charity. Mrs. Watson also gave 
 by her will the annual sum of twenty six shillings, to be laid 
 out in bread for six poor widows. Six widows, selected by the 
 Vicar and Churchwardens, regularly receive each a penny loaf 
 immediately after morning service every Sunday. In addition 
 to these charities Mrs. Watson gave land at Sutton for the 
 
238 History of Hedoii. 
 
 building and endowment of a hospital at Sutton for widows and 
 daughters of clergymen. The trustees of the charity are the 
 Vicar of Holy Trinity, Hull, the Yicar of Sutton, and the Vicar 
 of Hedon. The number of trustees has since been increased 
 under an order of the Charity Commissioners. Mrs. Watson 
 died in 1720. There is a mural monument to her memory on 
 the east wall of the north transept. 
 
 Cockerill's Charity. — Alderman John Cockerill, of Hedon, 
 by his will, dated 15 iVpril, 1732, gave the sum of one shilling 
 a week to the Churchwardens of Hedon for the time being to 
 be paid weekly every week for ever, to be laid out weekly for 
 the sole use and benefit of poor people of the said town of 
 Hedon. This sum of j£2 12s. per annum was charged upon the 
 testatrix's dwelling house, orchards, and close, in her possession 
 in Hedon aforesaid. This property consisted of two houses in 
 S. Augustine gate and a field, called Futty or Foothead garth, 
 at the west end of the Church, which ultimately became the 
 property of Mrs. Mary Blenkin, a descendant of the above 
 named Alderman Cockerill ; and on her death, 20 June, 1870, 
 the property was sold, and the annual payment of &2 12s. was, 
 by arrangement, charged solely upon the dwelling house in 
 S. Augustine gate (now two dwelling houses), of which Mr. 
 Thomas John Fewlass was the purchaser. His representatives 
 now regularly supply bread to the Vicar and Churchwarders, 
 who distribute it to twelve poor persons (along with the bread 
 under Mrs. Ann Watson's will) every Sunday morning after 
 Divine service. 
 
Topographical History. 239 
 
 Mr. Henry Guy, M.P. for the Borough in 1669, gave " to 
 the Minister of the Church of St. Augustine three pounds to be 
 paid by the Corporation for ever." This payment has long 
 since ceased to be made to the Minister. 
 
 Benefit Societies. — The benefit societies connected with 
 the town are " The Samaritan Society," established in 1799 
 for the relief of sick members and defraying the cost of the 
 funerals of members and their wives ; the Society now numbers 
 112 members. A lodge of the Manchester Unity of Odd 
 Fellows was established in 1839, which now has 160 members. 
 
 PLACES OF WOESHIP. 
 In addition to the Parish Church, which will be specially 
 noticed hereafter, the Eoman Catholics, the Wesleyan 
 Methodists, the Primitive Methodists, and the Baptists, have 
 chapels. 
 
 The Roman Catholic Chapel, situate on the west side of 
 Baxter Gate, is a plain, unpretending building, erected in 
 1803,* and dedicated to St. Mary and St. Joseph. The 
 Presbytery adjoins the Chapel. The interior of the Chapel is 
 furnished with plain oak benches ; the windows, which are plain 
 roundheaded,containsomestainedglass,andonehasbeenrecently 
 inserted as a memorials by the family of Wilson of Magdalen Hill. 
 In addition to the high altar, a side altar has been lately 
 
 * In an old Sessions Book it is recorded that the Chapel was certified as a place of 
 religious worship October, 1803, Joseph Swinburne minister. The Chapel Eegister 
 states that the Chapel was blessed April 7, 1803. 
 
2 AO History of Hedon . 
 
 erected ia honour of the Blessed Virgin, under the title of Our 
 Lady of Perpetual Succour (de perpetuo succursu). Previous 
 to the building of this chapel the Koman Catholics of Hedon 
 and the neighbourhood worshipped in a chapel at Nuthill, and 
 in the chapel at Marton, near to Burton Constable. 
 
 The Wesleyan Methodist Chapel, on the north side of 
 George Street, formerly Swine Lane, was built in 1813, and 
 considerably enlarged in 1875. It is now calculated to seat 
 225 worshippers. There is a commodious Sunday School 
 attached to the Chapel. 
 
 The Peimitive Methodist Chapel is a small building on the 
 east side of Baxtergate, erected by public subscription in 1873. 
 The Chapel stands on the site of three old thatched cottages, 
 formerly belonging to the Overseers of the Poor, and supposed 
 to have been the cottages left for the habitation of poor per- 
 sons by William Sagg. 
 
 - The Baptist Chapel, on the south side of Magdalen-gate, 
 was built in the year 1801. The Chapel has a baptistry and 
 vestry attached. 
 
 COUNTY COUKT. 
 
 The old Wapentake Court, for the recovery of debts not 
 exceeding Forty Shillings, fell gradually into disuse. The last 
 court held at Hedon was in 1835, before Eobert Charles Hild- 
 yard, Esquire, Barristor-at-Law, Eec order. The last Kecorder 
 
Topographical History. 241 
 
 appointed was William Liddell, Esquire, Barrister-at-Law, but 
 no Courts were held during the period he occupied the office. 
 
 By the Statute 9 & 10 Victoria, Cap. 95, an " Act for the more easy 
 recovery of small debts and demands in Engdand," County Conrts were 
 established throughout the country for the recovery of debts not exceeding 
 Twenty Pounds, which practically superseded the old Wapentake Court. 
 
 William Kaines, Esquire, Barrister-at-Law, of Wyton 
 Hall, was the first judge appointed under the Act,* and the first 
 Sitting of the Court was held before him on the 8th April, 
 1847, when Mr. James Iveson, of Hedon, solicitor, was 
 appointed Eegistrar, and Mr. Henry Eaines, the High Bailiff. 
 Mr. William Eaines held the office of Judge until his death, 
 January 27th, 1874. 
 
 On the death of Mr. Eaines, Lord Selborne (Lord Chan- 
 cellor) appointed Mr. C. Chapman' Barber, of Lincoln's Inn, to 
 succeed him. Mr. Barber soon afterwards resigned the 
 appointment, and on the 3rd of March, 1874, Lord Cairns, who 
 had succeeded Lord Selborne, appointed Francis Alfred 
 Bedwell, Esquire, M.A. Cambridge, of Lincoln's Inn, Barrister- 
 at-Law, the present learned Judge, on the resignation of Mr. 
 Chapman Barber, Judge of the County Court. f 
 
 * Mr. Bailies was active Magistrate for the East E,iding, and Chairman of the 
 Petty Sessions for the Middle Holderness Division. On the formation of the 2Dd 
 Volunteer Battalion of the Ea.st Yorkshire, in 1860, Mr, Eaines wae appointed Captain 
 of the Hedon Company. 
 
 t Since the year 1884, by an order in Council, the Judges of County Courts 
 received rank at Court next to Knights and Bachelors, with the title of " His Honour 
 the Judge." His Honour Judge Bedwell is a Justice of the Peace for the East and 
 North Hidings of Yorkshire, for the Borough of Kingston-upon-Hull, and several other 
 Boroughs in the County. - 
 
History of Hedon. 
 
 The County Courts at Hedon, when first established, were 
 held monthly, and afterwards were, and still continue to be 
 held bi-monthly. 
 
 The District of the Hedon County Court comprises the 
 following places : — 
 
 ALDBliOUGH 
 
 HEDON 
 
 RYHILL 
 
 BENNINGHOl.ME 
 
 HILSTON 
 
 SKEFFLING 
 
 BILTON 
 
 HOLLYM 
 
 SKIRLAUGH SO 
 
 BURST WICK 
 
 HOLMPTON 
 
 SPROATLEY 
 
 BURTON PIDSEA 
 
 HUMBLETON 
 
 SUNK ISLAND 
 
 CONISTON 
 
 KEYINGHAM 
 
 SWINE 
 
 COWDEN 
 
 KILNSEA 
 
 THIRTLEBY 
 
 DANTHORPE 
 
 LELLEY 
 
 THORNGUMBALD 
 
 EASINGTON 
 
 MARTON 
 
 TUNSTALL 
 
 EAST NEWTON 
 
 OTTRINGHAM 
 
 WAXHOLME 
 
 ELLERBY 
 
 OUT NEWTON 
 
 WELWICK 
 
 ELSTERNWICK 
 
 OWSTWICK 
 
 WEST NEWTON 
 
 TITLING 
 
 OWTHORNE 
 
 WINESTEAD 
 
 FLINTON 
 
 PATRINGTON 
 
 WITHERNSEA 
 
 FRODINGHAM SO 
 
 PAULL 
 
 WITHERNWICK 
 
 GANSTEAD 
 
 PRESTON 
 
 WYTON 
 
 GARTON 
 
 RIMSWELL 
 
 
 HALSHAM 
 
 ROOS 
 
 
 EACES. 
 
 In 1888 a company, of which the late Sir JohnDugdale Astley, 
 Bart., of Elsham, Lincolnshire, was the chairman, was formed 
 for the purpose of making a race-course and establishing races 
 on the T wires' Estate, immediately adjoining the town of 
 Hedon, which had been purchased for the purpose. Eaces 
 were held there three consecutive years, the first meeting being 
 held on 24th August, 1888. The company, falling into finan- 
 
Topographical History. 243 
 
 cial difficulties, the race-meetings, which were well patronised 
 by the nobility and gentry of the neighbourhood, were discon- 
 tinued for about four years, but resumed in 1894, At one of 
 the early race-meetinga held, His Royal Highness, the late 
 Prince Albert Edward, Duke of Clarence and Avondale, then 
 the guest of Mr. Arthur Wilson, M.F.H., was present. 
 
 THE OLD VIOAKAGE. 
 
" The old Parish Church is in every parish the strongest link that binds 
 the present with the past. Its association^'- cannot fail to excite the 
 patriotism latent in the heart of every man, for its walls have looked down 
 upon every succeeding generation, and its aisles have been trodden by the 
 very men who have wrought those noble deeds which every countiy can 
 remember with pride and exultation." 
 
 Whester. 
 
 It is not the least interesting point ^'of .view in which we 
 may contemplate our parish churches, apart from the holier 
 purposes to which they are consecrated, to regard them as 
 memorials of the former condition of the locality in which they 
 are situated. The secluded church standing at a distance from 
 the village, whose inhabitants can scarce hear the faint tones 
 of the far-off bells calling them to the Sabbath worship of the 
 God of their fathers, seems to tell us that a busy population 
 once lived under its shadow, and that where the fields now 
 
Ecclesiastical History. '2^5 
 
 -wave with corn, and ths pastures are studded with cattle, a 
 blazing fire once sparkled on many a hearthstone. When we 
 find the parish church a humble structure, scarcely affording 
 accommodation to a fiftieth part of the parishioners, it 
 reminds us that where all is now commercial bustle or manu- 
 facturing industry, was once a peaceful village. In many a 
 church the sculptured monuments, or the graven brass of 
 gallant knight and noble dame, remind us of the moated 
 castle or baronial hall, where in oldep tipie the owners dwelt 
 in feudal splendour, the tyrants or the protectors of their, vast 
 domains. Again, when we find the parish church a magnificent 
 structure, utterly disproportionate to the sparse population and 
 liniited area of the little town of which it forma the centre, it 
 plainly indicates that where now is comparative inactivity 
 .there were once not only riches in abundance, but zeal to 
 -apply them to rearing a beautiful temple to the Lord of Hosts. 
 
 To a certain extent the last observation will apply to 
 Hedon. Notwithstanding the present limited size of the town, 
 there can be no doubt that at one time it contained three 
 churches, viz., S. Nicholas's Church, S. James's Church, and 
 S. Augustine's, and there is slight evidence of a fourth church, 
 S. John's. 
 
 Leland, in his Itinerary^ which was written in the time of 
 King Henry YIII., says : — 
 
 •There were three Paroche Ghirchis in Tyme of Mynde, but now ther is 
 -but one of S. Agustine's. 
 
 Mention is made in the time of Edward II. of the Chapel of 
 
246 History of Hedon. 
 
 S. Mary Magdalene. Torre, in his account of the Churches of 
 the Diocese of York, states that the Eector of Preston had in 
 Hedon three Chapels, S. Augustine's, S. Nicholas's, S. James's 
 and had jurisdiction over them all.* In Torre's account the 
 Chapel of S. Mary Magdalene is not mentioned. This chapel 
 was probably a chantry chapel, which stood in a field now 
 called Magdalen hill, or in a neighbouring field still known by 
 the name of Low Magdalen field. 
 
 S. NICHOLAS'S CHURCH. 
 The Chapel of S. Nicholas is mentioned as early as the 
 year 1264, when a license was granted to Alice Falketon to 
 build a house in the churchyard of S. Nicholas, therein to lead 
 an anchorite's life.t The Chapel of S. Nicholas stood in a field 
 on the east side of the road leading from Hedon to Thorngum- 
 bald, which is called to this day S. Nicholas's Churchyard. 
 The foundations of the Church can still be discerned ; fifty 
 years ago they could be distinctly traced on the turf. The 
 following items, selected out of the yearly accounts of the 
 keepers of the fabric amongst the records of the Corporation, 
 as translated by Mr. Poulson, not only prove the existence of 
 the Church and its great antiquity, but shew also in some 
 measure the nature of the establishment and the value of its 
 endowments. 
 
 Account of Eiohard Crofts and Burchand, keepers of the 
 
 fabric of the Chapel of S. Nicholas of Hedon, from the feast of S. Michael 
 the Archangel, in the 8th year of the reign of Kichard II., until the feast 
 
 • Torre'a peculiarities. 
 
 t Burton's M.S., Vol. ix., p. 814, quoted in Poulson'8/^;>/<?f^ ofHoldernesSy vol ii., page 157. 
 
Ecclesiastical History. 
 
 of S. Michael the Arcliangel, in the 9tli year of the reign of the same King, 
 Richard II., one entire year. 
 
 Arrears. — The accountants charge themselves with viijs. \}\d. of 
 the arrears and Robert Chapman, the keepers of the fabric 
 
 the preceding year. 
 
 Rents, Legacies, Gifts, &c. — They also received xxxvs. rents and farms 
 belonging to the said Chapel for a year ; and iijs. y'ld. for a croft for a year 
 in the tenure of Stephen Goldman, now in the hands of the accountants ; 
 and xviijs. \xd. received in the collections with the box this year ; and of 
 vjs. y\\]d. received in a legacy by the will of the Vicar of Preston ; and of 
 jvs. received for a cloak by the will of John Conyngston ; and of y]d. 
 received for two pieces of wood sold from the bell house ; and of vjd. 
 received for sold, and old roofing of the bellhouse ; 
 
 and for iijci. received for chips sold ; and of \]d, received for laths sold ; 
 sum Ixvis. xd — sum total received with arrears xZ. xiv5. ^d. 
 
 Expenses, &c. — Then the accountants, in diminution, of divers expenses 
 for the aforesaid Chapel. Imprimis in mending the chalice, vijt^ ; in crrry- 
 ing the book and 0\d ; in clothing the way to S. Nicholas 
 
 iiijs. \]d.', in boards and nails bought ijs ; also in nails bought xvjicZ; also 
 in three boards bought to lay in the road ijs ; in thatch or straw bought 
 ijs. \\\]d. ; in the stipend to the carpenter, for making the bellhouse, 
 (campanile) iijs. \\\\d. ; for vijlb. of wax bought, and making the same into 
 candles, iiijs. iiijgcZ. ; in iij ells of coarse linen for the high altar xijd. ; in 
 mending the vestments and washing them xij^i. ; in mending the cross Yd. ; 
 for one clasp made upon the missal (mass book) jd ; for carriage of 100 
 boards from Hull unto the Flete, and porterage from the Flete unto the 
 said Chapel, xviijd' ; in paid ijd.; in 100 wainscots 
 
 bought xxvijs.; in a plumber's workman upon the said Chapel at tax work 
 iiijs. ; in . . . . bought ij^.; in a bell cord bought jd ; in the pay- 
 ment of the rent to our lord the King iijs. xcZ.; in payment to the clerk for 
 making this account iiijd.; sum total of expenses Ixs. jjd.; and so owe 
 vijZ. xiijs. x|c?., of which a deficiency in tenure of Beatrice Chapman for 
 five years next preceding and this year, as well as that the said Beatrice 
 paid ]d.; she was not to pay more than iijs. Yid. per annum, charged when 
 occupied vs. per annum. Item. — Received only xviijcZ. for a tenement 
 upon the corner, late in the tenure of Katherine Layreholme, in Fleshmar- 
 
U8 
 
 History of Hedon. 
 
 ketgate, wliicli is vacant and unoccupied ; and for a place calli d 
 Madergartli, which was part of the time unoccupied ; and so owe 
 vij/. iij.*?. iiij^r/., for which they have to account. 
 
 In the account of William Hemynson and William Sewavdby, kee}iers 
 of the fabric of S.Nicholas the Bishop, from the feast of 8, Michael the 
 Archangel, in the 15th year of the reign of King Henry YI. unlil the said 
 feast of S. Michael in the 16th year of the reign of the same King Henry, 
 for one year entire, the following items, amongst many others, appear : 
 
 Rents, &c. — iiijs. vjtZ. rent of a house in the parish of S. Nicholas, on 
 the south part there, late William Kelburns, given to the mayor, and 
 commonalty to the sustaining of the said Chapelj for which an annual obit is 
 performed on the Sunday next before the feast of the ble. sed Mai-y 
 Magdalene, by the keepers of the fabric of this Chapel, for tlie tiuie being 
 in the Chapel of S.. Augustine tliere, with four chaplains and the i)arisli 
 clerk, for the souk of the said William for ever. Sum xls. xyl. 
 
 Payments and deficiency of rents. — Then the accountants have [){iid to 
 the bailiffs of the town aforesaid per ann, iijs. x'i.; and then paid the rent 
 of a tenement in Fleshmarketgate, of the master of the hospital of Newton, 
 in which John Stowe lives, which paid a rent of iiijs. per ann., which being- 
 vacant and waste for want of repairs, not anything was received, tlierefoie 
 the accountants' allowance as above iiijs.; and then a deficiency of rentiii a 
 tenement in the parish of S. Nicholas, late in the tenure of John Alnewyk, 
 charged iijs. per ann., vacant a very long time, ijs. vj^i.; received, therefore, 
 allowance as above, vj(i. 
 
 Expenses, &c. — And in an annual obit made for William Kylburn this 
 year xivd.; and xlbs of wax bought for ardent lights for the aforesaid 
 Chapel, and for manufacturing thereof at y\d. per lb., is iiijs. \\]d.; and of 
 40 stones of lead bought of Adam Wyntryngham for the use of the said 
 Chapel, paid per stone vjcZ., is xxs.; and for carriage, &c., of w^ood, the gift 
 of the executors of the will of Thos. Palmer, for which paid vijcl. Sum of 
 all the allowances xxxvijs. \]d., and so owe xiiZ. vjs. \d., of which they are 
 
 allowed xiijs. iiijd. which they paid to some Royal Charter 
 
 Mayor and burgesses rents for the place aforesaid, and allowed them ijs. in 
 regard to them made for the trouble in this affair . , . anno . . . 
 for two years next preceding, and gave them xvjs. vjcZ. of the above arrears 
 
Ecclesiastical History. 
 
 remaining in the hands of John E . . . . late keeper there, with Thomas 
 Pahiier deceased, this allowance is that the same John have nothing in tlie 
 goods of which .... is not able to allow here. 
 
 Also in the account of Thomas Taylor and Kobert Berker, keepers of 
 the fabric of S. Nicholas the Bishop, from the feast of S. Michael the Arch- 
 angel, in the 9th year of the reign of King Edward IV, &c., unto the feast 
 of thb said S. Michael the Archangel, in the 10th year of the said King 
 Edward IV., &c., one entire year. 
 
 Eents and farms. — And of lv«. i]d. received of rents for farms, &c., 
 belonging to the said Chapel, at the usual terms per ann., as appear in the 
 preceding account; and of vjcZ. rent, issuing yearly at the feast of the 
 translation of S. Nicholas the Bishop from a messuage of the master of the 
 hospital of Newton, in the way to S. Augustine's, late in the tenure of 
 Thomas Bilton ; also \jd. rent similarly issuing from tlie Lord of Kosse,* on 
 the market hill there, late in the tenure of William Dene, now assigned to 
 the master, grammar scholars and their clerks, as has been before 
 shewn, &c. 
 
 Payment of rents. — Of which the accountants have paid to the bailiffs 
 of the said town, rents per ann. iijs. xd.; and in rent paid to the master of 
 the hor^pital of the Holy Sepulchre, joining Hedon aforesaid, for a tenement 
 of Robert Cards, late Wm. Lasts, and now in the tenure of Robert Barker, 
 sum iiijs. 
 
 And in an annual obit made within the Chapel of S. Augustine there 
 with four chaplains and the parish clerk for the soul of William Kelburn, 
 this year xvjs. 
 
 At an Inquisition taken at Hedon on Monday, the 25th day of April, in 
 the second year of the reign of King Henry IV. tfe., before the Maior and 
 Bailiffs of tlie liberties of the town of Hedon, the following presentments 
 were made : — Item. — They say that the public highway is defective there 
 from opposite a tenement of S. Nicholas, which, by the keepers of the fabric 
 of the Chapel of S. Nicholas, ought to be repaired. Item. — They say that 
 Simon de Castre, John Walker, and William Alnewyk, hath made a breach 
 in the common highway, joining the ditch at the end of the garden of Alice 
 Maupes, in the parish of S. Nicholas, by the place where the vestments of 
 the priest are kept there, which, by the said Simon, John, and William, 
 
 • Egos in Holderness. 
 
250 Histoi'y of Hedon. 
 
 ought to be repaired. Item. — They say that the common sewer, at the end 
 of the garden of Simon Campion, joining of S. Nicholas, is defective, which, 
 by the said Simon, ought to be repaired. 
 
 And in a rent roll of the community of the town of Hedon, to be collected 
 by John Johnson, barber, chamberlain of the said town, at the usual terms, to 
 be begun at the feast of the Nativity of our Lord, in the 37th year of the reign 
 of King Henry the Sixth 
 
 S. Nicholas Street. — John btaller, for a certain close formerly Matilda 
 Ouster's, in the parish of S. Nicholas, ijci.; Baker's Street. — Robert Thergell, 
 for a croft of the commuuity in the parish of S. Nicholas, xiij^d. 
 
 S. JAMES'S CHUECH. 
 
 The Church of S. James stood on the west side of Sheriff- 
 highway, leading from the town of Hedon to Paull, about two 
 or three hundred yards south of Fletohergate. The site of 
 the Church is to this day called S. James's close. The 
 foundations of the Church are now scarcely perceptible. In 
 the year 1880 the owner of S. James's close, ♦ in making some 
 excavations, dug up several pieces of worked stone, which had 
 evidently at one time formed part of the fabric of the Church; 
 and an old paved causeway has been recently discovered. 
 
 There do not appear to be any accounts preserved among 
 the records of the Corporation of the Keepers of the Fabrics of 
 S. James's Church, but the existence of that Church is proved 
 by the frequent references to it in the various compotuses of 
 the Keepers of the fabrics of other Churches. In the account 
 of the procurator of the Chantry of the Blessed Mary of Hedon 
 19th Eichard II., (1396), is an entry : 
 
 * W. Lambert White, Esq. 
 
Ecclesiastical History, 
 
 251 
 
 Item. — Paid to the keeper of S. James's Chapel, Hedon, for a year, \\d. 
 In the reign of Henry V., to the keepers of the fabric of the Chapel of S. 
 James, iiij^^. Again in 6th. Henry VI. (1428), rents paid to the keeper 
 of the Church of S. James, per annum, \]d. In 26th. Henry VI. (1448), to 
 the keeper of the fabric of the Chapel of S. James iiijc?,; and in 37th. 
 Henry VI. (1459), to the keeper of the Chapel of S. James for a plot, 
 formerly William Wynd's, \\\]d. ; and in the account of William Bilton and 
 John Sturmy, keepers of the fabric of the Chapel of S. Augustine, 33rd. 
 Henry VI. (1455), to the keepers of the fabric of S. James the Apostle, for 
 half a pound of wax for the said mill, ij|d.* 
 
 S. JOHN'S CHUKCH. 
 The existence of a Church dedicated to S. John is purely 
 traditional. In a survey taken of the parish of Hedon, in 1804, 
 mention is made of the " site of S. John's Church." This site, as 
 marked on the plan then made, is on the west side of Sheriff 
 Highway, and is about one to two hundred yards south of 
 the site of S. James's Church. No reference to this church is 
 to be found among the muniments of the Corporation. It may 
 have been a chantry chapel. On the same plan the street 
 immediately west of Fletchergate (now Hull road) is described 
 as S. John's Street. S. John's Close, the site of the Church, 
 appears to have been the property of Sir John Eland, Knight. f 
 
 THE CHAPEL OF S. MAEY MAGDALENE. 
 
 The existence of this chapel except as a chantry chapel is 
 somewhat involved in obscurity. There have evidently been 
 two chantry chapels at Hedon dedicated to S. Mary, the one 
 dedicated to ' the Blessed Mary Magdalene ' and the other to 
 
 • - - -* A-windmill belengiBg-to the Ghapel of S. Angttstine, 
 t Brown's M.S., N.D. - 
 
252 
 
 History of Hedon, 
 
 ' the Blessed Virgin Mary/ situate on the south side of the 
 present fabric of S. Augustine's Church. 
 
 The Chapel of S. Mary Magdalene was in afield called Low 
 Magdalen, near to Magdalen Hill. There is now no trace to 
 be found of any foundations. It has been stated that Mr. 
 Tickell, the author of the Histoy^y of Hull, who lived at Hedon, 
 and died in 1823, recollected some parts of the foundation trace- 
 able in the above mentioned field.* 
 
 The earliest mention of this chapel is in 16th Edward II. : 
 * Symond Wynsted, of Hedon, releases to Sir Hugh, parson of 
 the Chapel of Nuthill, his right to a croft, with the ditch of 
 the town of Hedon on the north side of the way leading to the 
 Chapel of S. Mary Magdalene. Tested by Sir John Nuthill, 
 Knight, and others, at Hedon, 16th Edward II. 
 
 On an inquisition taken at Hedon in the reign of King 
 Henry VI., circa 1422, the jurors presented : 
 
 " That a common highway, which leads unto the Chapel of the Blessed 
 Mary Magdalen, is defectire to the house of Thomas Bawde, and ought to 
 be repaired by Thomas Palmer, who came and spoke, and submitted himself 
 to mercy, etc., ijd.* ; and also * That a part of the common highway, which 
 leads to the Chapel of the Blessed Mary Magdalen, is defective from 
 opposite Wichecroft, and ought to be repaired by the Chaplain of the 
 Chantry of Preston, who came then, spoke, and submitted himself etc., vid.' 
 
 The account of Thomas Thorgell, procurator of the chantry of the 
 Blessed Maj-y, of Hedon, frum the feast of S. Michael the Archangel, in the 
 18th year of the reign of King Eichard 11. , after the conquest of England, 
 unto the same feast in the 19th year of the same King Eichard II., which 
 
 •Poulson's Holdernessy vol. ii., p. 161. 
 
Ecclesiastical History. 
 
 253 
 
 probably relates to this Chapel, shews the receipt of £6 13s O^d of rents and 
 farms belonging to the said Cliantry, and not anything for the herbage in 
 the crofts. And in the items paid, amongst others paid the heirs of Sir 
 John Meaux, Knight, for a year, iiijtl; to the keepers of S. James's Chfi})el. 
 Hedon, for a year, \]d ; to the keepers of the Chapel of S. Nicholas, of 
 Hedon, for a year, \]d. In thatch bought, and the carriage, xiis. vijcZ. ; in 
 one architect conducting for fourteen days at \\\]d. per diem, iiijs. viijcZ.; to 
 his servant fourteen days at \]\d. per diem, ijs. s.^d. ; in mowing in a croft, 
 ijd. ; in making the same, id. ; in carriage of the same, id. ; in mowing in 
 field, iiijd. ; in mowing the croft next the tilne kiln, iiijd ; in making the 
 hay there, \]d ; in making of that in the field there, iijd. ; in an architect 
 and his servant for one day and a half at task, xjd." 
 
 CHAPEL OF S. MAE Z THE YIEGIN. 
 
 The Chapel of S. Mary the Virgin was a chantry chapel on 
 the south side of S. Augustine's Church. The earliest record 
 of this chapel is in the year 1390, when in an account of the 
 receipts and expenditure of the Borough appears an item : 
 
 ' And in rent repaid to the procurator of the chantry of the blessed 
 Mary in Hedon, xijti.' 
 
 In the account of Thomas Thorgell, procurator of the 
 chantry of the blessed Virgin Mary there, from the morrow of 
 S. Michael the Archangel, in the 5th year of the reign of King 
 Henry IV. until the morrow of S. Michael the Archangel in the 
 6th year of the reign of the aforesaid King Henry, for one year 
 entire, there appears amongst the receipts : — 
 
 * vijs. vijd. collected in the Chapel of S. Augustine there, by two vicars, 
 at the new table bought for the altar of the Blessed Mary there.' 
 
 And amongst the payments : 
 
 * Rents paid to the bailiffs of the town aforesaid per annum ix«. Tiijd ; 
 also to the keeper of S. James's per aimum, ijd.; also to the keeper of S. 
 Nicholas, per annum, ijcZ ; also to Sir John de Eouth, dr., per annum, iiijd.; 
 
25^ 
 
 History of Hedon. 
 
 and ill the salary of Adam de Skelton, chaplain to the chantry of the said 
 town, per annum, iv/. vj«. viijd. ; and in a new covering (roof) bought for 
 the repairs of the houses of the said chantry, ixs. ; for the stipend of John 
 Baker, roofing upon the said houses for seven days at xd. per day, and in 
 the wages of one man assisting at the said work, and tempering the clay for 
 the rigging there for seven days at iijd. per day ; and given them to drink, 
 i]d.; and for thatch bought for the repairs of a house in Grape Lane, ijs.; 
 and for the wages of two carpenters repairing the said house for two days, 
 xd, per day ; and for the wages of one man plastering the walls of the said 
 house for two days, y]d. 
 
 In a rental of the commonalty of the town of Hedon, col- 
 lected at equal terms by Kichard Furnas, chamberlain of the 
 same town, the first term commencing at the nativity of our 
 Lord, in the 26th year of the reign of Henry VI. : — 
 
 Of the procurator (proctor) of the chantry of the Blessed Virgin for a 
 tenement late Jno. Skyllyngs, chaplain, iijd.; of the same proctor for a plot 
 where his stall is situated, ^d. ; and in the same account, repayment of rents : 
 Item. — To the proctor of the chantry of the blessed Virgin Mary, for a cer- 
 tain plot late William Swyne's, iijd. Item. — To the same proctor for a 
 tenement late William Perrot's, at Michaelmas term, i^d. Item. — To the 
 same proctor, late Walter Arnold's, at the same term, ijd. Item. — To the 
 said proctor for two crofts, late upon the flete, near the croft of the 
 comonalty, at the same term, ijd. ; of John Milner, for a common croft upon 
 rietam, in Widmarket-gate, with two other crofts on the north there, with 
 viijd. paid to the proctor of the chantry of Blessed Mary for the same two 
 crofts there, adjoining the north side of the said croft, ivs. 
 
 In 44th Edward III., in an account of the keepers of the 
 fabric of the Church of S. Augustine, of Hedon, are the follow- 
 ing items : 
 
 ^ Also of iijs. \jd. found in the box of the Blessed Virgin Mary the same 
 day (the feast of the Innocents) ; also paid for making a canopy hanging 
 over the altar, iijcL' 
 
Ecclesiastical History. 
 
 255 
 
 And again in 32nd Henry YI. : 
 
 " And of 335. received of William Lange, procurator of the chantry of 
 the Blessed Mary the Virgin, hy the hands of John EUwyn, paid expressly to 
 buy and pay the difference in the exchange of two little chalices belonging 
 to the high altar of the Chapel of S. Augustine in the town of Hedon, for 
 two other chalices bought of Edward Clough, goldsmith, of Lincoln, this 
 year." 
 
 In the year 1505, John Usflett, of Headon, by his will, gave 
 his body to be buried in the Church of S. Mary of Headon. 
 
 Amongst the records deposited in the public record office, 
 London, to wit the Exchequer records. Memoranda roll, Easter 
 term, 15 James I., No. 75, is thus contained: — 
 
 " York-T*Of a replication made in a plea by the Mayor, Bailiffs, and 
 Burgesses of the Borough of Hedon, and others, to a certain Inquisition 
 touching lands and tenements there." 
 
 " As yet of the common business of Easter term, in the 15th year of King 
 James." • 
 
 As yet the record : 
 
 "It was found by a certain Inquisition indented, taken at the Castle of 
 York on the sixteenth day of October, in the 1 1th year of our Lord, King 
 James, by the Grace of God, King of England, Scotland, France, and Ireland, 
 Defender of the Faith, etc., before Richard Darley, Esquire, and George 
 Towrye, gentleman, by virtue of a commission of the Lord, the King, from 
 his Exchequer, directed to them, and others, and annexed to the same Inqui- 
 sition by tha oath of George Hide, and others, good and lawful men of the 
 said Ctunty of York, who say upon their oath aforesaid, that one messuage, 
 or tenement, with the garden and orchard, and one close to the same adjoin- 
 ing, with all their appurtenances, situate, lying, and being in the street of 
 S. Augustine, in Hedoh, in the County of York aforesaid ; and that one close, 
 oommonly called Saint Nicholas' Orchard, formerly in the tenure of Peter 
 Chapman, were formerly given by John Burton and Henry Malpas for 
 
256 
 
 H{st07'y of Hedon, 
 
 maintenance of superstitious uses at the altar of tlie Blessed Mary, on the 
 south side of Saint Augustine's, of Hedon, and so remained until five years 
 now last past before the statute for the dissolution of colleges, chantries, and 
 other such like, made and provided in the first year of the late King 
 Edward VI., and are worth in all issues, beyond reprises, eightpence. And 
 that the tenants and occupiers of the premises had had, perceived, and re- 
 ceived, the issues and profits therefrom arising from the time of the statute 
 aforesaid unto the day of the taking of the Inquisition. In witness whereof 
 to one part of this inquisition, remaining in the possession of the aforesaid 
 Commissioners, as well the aforesaid Commissioners, as the jurors aforesaid 
 have put their seals ; and to the other part of this Inquisition, remaining in 
 the possession of the first juror, the Commissioners aforesaid have put their 
 seals dated the day, year, and place aforesaid, in the year of our Lord, 1613, 
 as the Inquisition aforesaid, which is among the Inquisitions and extents of 
 the eleventh year of the now King, remaining in the Remembrancers side of 
 this Exchequer fully doth appear." 
 
 THE HOSPITAL OF S. LEONARD. 
 
 Whether the hospital of S. Leonard was a purely religious 
 establishment, or was a hospital for the sick, or was for both, 
 or in what part of the town it was situate, history and tradi- 
 tion are alike silent. Mention is made of this house as early 
 as the reign of King Edward III., when Hanoo de Holeim 
 granted to the hospital of 8. Leonard all his land in Hedon. 
 In the compotus of William de Alnnewyk, 13th Richard 11. , 
 before mentioned is the following 
 
 'And of xxj(i. received for herbage of the street from the house of 8. 
 Leonard to the Cheysee so let this year ; and of vd. for the herbage of two plots 
 upon the Kiver Flete to the house of S. Leonard's, &c., thus sold this year.' 
 
 And in the rental of the Commonalty of the town of 
 Richard Furnas, 26th Henry VI. — 
 
Ecclesiastical History. 
 
 257 
 
 Eepaj^ment of rents. — Item — To the Abbot and Convent of Meltsoe 
 (Meaux) for a croft between the house of S. Leonards and the windmill 
 there {i.e. Parish of S. Nicholas) — herbage of meadows to be discharged 
 yearly of John Milner for the ways from the house of S. Leonard to the 
 south west corner close, late William Clarke's, and other wastes within the 
 bounds aforesaid, js. iiijd." 
 
 S. AUGUSTINE'S CHUECH. 
 
 The earliest record of S. Augustine's Church is in 44th 
 Edward III. (1371), in an account of the keepers of the fabric. 
 
 Account of John Helot and Thomas Pent, keepers of the fabric of 
 S. Augustine, of Hedon, from the feast of S. Michael the Archangel, in the 
 44th year of the reign of King Edward III., after the Conquest, until the 
 same feast in the year following. Imprimis received in account 
 xxxjZ. xs. iiijf the arrears of the preceding year ; also received vs. 
 collected in the town on S. Stephen's Day ; also of xs. collected in the same 
 Church on the day of the crucifixion of our Lord (Good Friday); also of 
 xxs. received from one . . . ; also of vjs. iiijtZ. collected in the town 
 with tlie relics, on the day of the blessed Mary Magdalene; also xxjs. 
 received of one ... by the legacy in the will of Margaret Clerc ; also 
 xvs. found in the Innocents' Box at the Cross, at the feast of the same 
 Innocents ; also of iijs. vjd. found in the box of the blessed Virgin Mary the 
 same day ; also Ivjs. iiijd found in the box at the cross at the feast of the 
 Exaltation of the Holy Ci oss ; also iiijs. received from the box of the blessed 
 Mary tlie same day, as appears by the indenture (account) ; also Iviijs. col- 
 lected with the tabla (collecting box) in the church on all the Sundays in 
 the year ; also of xiv(i. received with the reliques on the day of the Exalta- 
 tion of the Holy Cross ; also xxs. zlSl. received . . . ; also of viijd. 
 received for a qrt of land, and of \]d. received for a ... of lime and sand, 
 and of ijd. received for a piece of parchment ; also of ixci. received of John 
 Helot for lead ; also xxvijd. received for ix . . . 
 
 "In expenses. — Lnprimis paid for twelve ells of linen cloth for two 
 abbes, ivs. xd. ; also paid for making the same, y\\\d ; also paid for mending 
 divers vestments, xvjc?. ; also paid for making four . . . xvijc?. ; also paid 
 for making . . . \\\<l. ; also paid for parchment bought, \\d. ; also paid for 
 mending two dalmatics, jJ. ; also paid for green thiead, for mending the 
 
258 
 
 History of Hedon 
 
 same, \d. ; also for thirteen skins of parchment, xviijd. ; also paid for 
 clasps and for books, vijcL ; also paid for half a pound of . . . \]d. ; also 
 paid for one lock for the font, iijcZ ; also paid for two stoles bought, vij^i. ; 
 also paid to John . . . for mending a south window ; also paid for 
 woollen cloth for . . . viijcZ. — sum of this xijs. xj|<i. Also paid to 
 two men for preparing earth to wall churchyard, for two days, xviij^Z. ; also 
 paid to two men for making the same wall, for four days, iijs. ; also paid to 
 one man for his labour about the wall, for three days, xiijjd.; taken at task 
 at i.\\]\d, — sum of this, vijs. x^. Also paid for one . . . ; also paid to 
 John . . . fop working round the church for seven days, xxviijJ. ; also 
 paid to John . . . ; also paid to a carpenter, for one day, putting to 
 rights the altar, \\]d., and for . , . iijJ. ; also paid for twelve hundred 
 lead nails, iiijs. \]d. ; also paid for one hundred and thirty middle spike 
 nails, vij|c2. ; also paid for great spikes, \yl ; also paid for thirty-three 
 thatch boards, ij«. vjcZ. ; also paid to two plumbers for work, with solder and 
 twenty-seven stone of lead, xxxvjs. \^d., taken at xs. the fodder. — sum, 
 xlixs. \d. Also paid for . . . one pax board, vcZ. ; also paid to two 
 men , . . fifteen pounds lead from . . . xxiijtZ. ; also paid to two 
 plumbers . . . four . . . upon the altar of the Blessed Virgin 
 Mary, u\]d. ; also paid two spikes, iijt^. ; also paid for 45 stone 7 lbs of lead, 
 xxxs. \\\]d., price viijd. per stone ; also paid for making a canopy hanging 
 over the altar, iijV/.; also paid for . . . for the same, }\d.; also paid 
 for six ells of coarse linen cloth, xxiijJ.; also paid for dyeing the same for 
 one, xijcL; also paid for two rafts bought at Hull for . . . and making 
 ijs.; also paid for one hundred wainscotes boards, xixs.; also for porterage 
 to the water, \]\d ; also to John Blithe, for his carriage of the said planks, 
 \\\]d.; also for the carrying of them to the Church, \]d.; also paid to two 
 rakers, or weeders, one day, vjJ.. (sawyers, sarritor is a weederor hariower, 
 serrarius is a sawyer; the word in the account is sarrator; further, saitor is 
 a tailor); also paid for their provissions for the same day, vcZ.; also paid for 
 four ties (or small rafters) to put over . . . yd,.; also paid one waslier 
 for woolen surplices, and others for a year, for the said Church, for the 
 feast of Easter next aforesaid, \]d ; and paid to the clerk for writing, \]d.; 
 sum vijVL — sum total of expenses, GZ. 10s. 4^?., and so owe clear 
 m. 5s. 2ld.'' 
 
 " And in the account of William Bilton and John Sturmy, keepers of the 
 fabric of the Chapel of S. Augustine, from the feast of S. Michael the 
 
Ecclesiastical History. 
 
 259 
 
 Archangel, 32nd Henry VI., until the same feast 33rd of the same King 
 Henry, there appears a receipt of vjs. y\\]d. from John Poller, towards a 
 table bought to the altar of S. Egidius, within the said Church, this year; 
 vs. received in collecting with the box in the feast of S. Stephen's this year; 
 and iiijs \]d. received in collecting with the relics in the feast of the Circum- 
 sision of our Lord within the said Chapel this year ; and of vjs. u\}d, re- 
 ceived with the aforesaid relics in the feast of the Blessed Mary Magdalen, 
 as well in the town as in the market this year ; and of iiijs. iiijti. received 
 b}'' oblation at the oblation of the Cross in the said Chapel discovered at 
 the naked trunk on the morrow of the Exaltation of the said Holy Cross, 
 for two parts of the same oblation of tlie lights of the said Holy Cross this 
 year, the third part belonging to tbe Vicar there ; and of xviij^Z, received of 
 the money of the oblation ; and of ijs. ijtZ. received of the procurator of 
 S. Anthony, the half of the price of a pig sold this year ; six gallons of oil 
 bought for the lamps hanging before the body of Jesus Christ in the choir 
 of the said Chapel of S. Augustine, and paid for the bearing it up, together 
 vs. i\d." 
 
 In addition to the Chantry Chapel of S. Mary the Virgin, 
 there appeard to have been attached to S. Augustine's Church 
 two altars, the one dedicated to S. Egidius,* and the other to 
 the Holy Trinity, as may be gathered from the following ex- 
 tract from the account of the keepers of the fabric of that 
 Church, 32nd Henry YII. :— 
 
 The account of William Bilton and John Sturmy, keepers of the fabric 
 of the Cliapel of S. Augustine, from the feast of S. Michael the Archangel, 
 in the 32nd year of the reign of King Henry VII., unto the feast of the 
 said S. Michael, in the 33rd year of the reign of the same King Henry, one 
 entire year. 
 
 " Legacies, Gifts, and Sales. — And of vjs. \\\]d. received, a gift of the 
 wife of John Barker, of Hull, this year; and of xs. received of the value of 
 a counter table, the legacy of Margaret Burton, sold to John Poller, the 
 younger ; and of vjs. \\\\d. of John Poller towards a table bought to the 
 altar of S. iEgidius, within the said chapel this year; and of iijs. \i\id. the 
 
 • S. Giles. 
 
260 
 
 History of Hedon 
 
 gift of Alice Baty this year ; and of ij*. received of ai gift from William 
 Bolton, chaplain, this year ; and ... * working upon the door joining 
 the ... t of the Holy Trinity in the said Chtipel for four days, at 
 times, \}s } and for four ... for the said door this year, iijs. \\\]d.; and 
 for four stones of iron, bought for iron bands (hinges), then had ior the said 
 door, and one gudgeon, this year, iis, viij^i," 
 
 TBE GUILD OF THE HOL^ EOOD.— This was a 
 religious guild also in connection with B. Augustine's Church, 
 In the account of the keepers of the fabric, 32 Henry YII.^ 
 before mentioned, is the following entry : — 
 
 " Collections. — And of iiija. iiijd. received by oblfttions at the oblation of 
 the Cross in the said Chapel, discovered at the naked trunk on the morrow 
 of the Exaltation of the said Holy Cross, for two parts of the same oblation 
 of the lights of the said Holy Cross this year, the third part belonging to 
 the Vicar there; and of xviijtl. received of the money of the oblation.^' 
 
 This Guild was possessed of much property at Hedon as 
 appears from the following extract from a replication made in 
 a plea by the Mayor, Bailiffs, and Burgesses of Hedon, and 
 others, to a certain inquisition touching lands and tenements 
 there : — 
 
 It was found by a certain Inquisition indented, taken at the Castle of 
 York on the 16th day of October, in the 11th year of our Lord King James, 
 by the Grace of God King of England, Scotland, France, and Ireland, 
 Defender of the Faith, &c., before Richard Darley, esquire, and George 
 Towrye, gentleman, by virtue of a comrr.ission of the Lord the King from 
 his Exchequer directed to them, and others, and annexed to the same Inqui- 
 sition by tlie oath of George Hide, and others, good and lawful men of the 
 gaid County of York, who say upon their oath aforesaid that one tenement, 
 
 * This portion is obliterated. It would probably be the name of the workman, 
 t This also is obliterated. It has evidently been 'altar.' 
 
Ecclesiastical History. 
 
 261 
 
 with the garden, formerly in the tenure of Lawrence Cook, clerk, formerly 
 given to a certain guild, commonly called the Guild of the Holy Ko«d, 
 within the town aforesaid, and is worth yearly in all issues boyond reprisals 
 fourpence ; and that one close called Tilemare, containing, by estimation, 
 one acre and a half, formerly in the tenure of Richard Savage, was given to 
 the guild aforesaid, and is worth yearly in all issues beyond reprisals, six- 
 pence ; and that one orchard, formerly in the tenure of William Dalton, 
 with one garth called Applegarth close, formerly in the tenure of the in- 
 habitants of the town aforesaid, given to the guild aforesaid, and worth 
 yearly in all issues boyond reprisals, nine[)ence; and that one close called 
 Palmer's close, cont;iiiiing one acre, was given to the guild aforesaid, and is 
 worth in all issues beyond reprisals, sixpence ; and further, the Jurors 
 aforesaid, upon their oath aforesaid, say that one close called Westlands, 
 containing, by estimation, thirty acres, formerly in the tenure of Stephen 
 Passamore, was formally given to the guild aforesaid, and is worth yearly 
 in all issues, seven shillings and sixpence ; and that one tenement adjoining 
 near the guild hall of the town aforesaid, formerly in the tenure of Richard 
 Richardson, was given to the guild aforesaid, and is worth yearly in all 
 issues beyond reprisals, twopence ; and that two messuages there, called 
 Gore, are houses on the south side of the Church of S. Augustine, in the 
 town aforesaid, formerly in the tenure of . . . wife of . . . Jackson, and 
 . . . the wife of . . . Newland, belonging to the guild aforesaid, and is 
 worth yearly in all issues beyond reprisals, twopence ; and that one tene- 
 ment, with the garden and stable to the same belonging, in Sutergate, in the 
 town aforesaid, in the tenure of Henry Muscroft, belonging to the guild 
 aforesaid, is worth yearly in all issues beyond reprisals, threepence ; and 
 that one messuage, or tenement, in Sutergate aforesaid, formerly in the 
 tenure of Thomas Wilson, belonging to the guild aforesaid, is worth yearly 
 in all issues beyond reprisals, fourpence ; and that one messuage, called 
 Sheriff e Bridge Mill, with a tenement and three closes, in the tenure of 
 Thomas Savage, and others, worth yearly twelvepence ; all and singular 
 which premises belonging to the guild aforesaid had been used for maintain- 
 ing the guild aforesaid within five years now last past before the statute 
 made and provided for the dissolution of colleges, chantries, and such like, 
 in the first year of the reign of King Edward VI., and that the tenants and 
 occupiers of the premises had had perceived and received the issues and 
 profits therefrom arising, from the time of the Statute aforesaid unto the day 
 of the taking this Inquisition." 
 
262 History of Hedon 
 
 A considerable portion of the lands and tenements before 
 mentioned became, and now are, the property of the Corpora- 
 tion, and the effect of this inquisition was that under the puri- 
 tanical plea that such lands and tenements had been given to 
 the Guild for the maintenance of superstitious uses, the 
 Church was deprived of much of its revenues, and the Corpora- 
 tion (and possibly some political partisans) were enriched to a 
 similar extent. 
 
 The living of Hedon is a vicarage in the patronage of the 
 Archbishop of York. Up to the year 1866 it was held (pro- 
 bably by dispensation) with the vicarage of Preston, which 
 was in the patronage of the Sub-Dean of York. According to 
 Archbishop Sharp, ' Preston belongs, or did anciently, to 
 the town of Hedon.' 
 
 The following is a copy of an agreement between the Cor- 
 poration and the minister of Hedon with respect to the tythes 
 on lands outside the old Haven : 
 
 February ye 4, 1G60. 
 Mij. — That it is covenanted between Willm Davit^on, Maior of Hedon, 
 and the rest of the Aldermen, liis brethren, whose names are hereunto sub- 
 scribed, on the one party, and John Dove, Gierke, the now Minister of 
 Hedon, on the other partie ; Tiiat all those owners, farmers, and occupiers 
 of any lands, grounds, or closes, belonging to Hedon, and lying without the 
 ould Haven there, which formerly paid tythes to Pieston, shall hereafter 
 pay the tythes due for the said grounds, land, and closes, to the Minister of 
 Hedon, for the time being, and upon payment thereof as abovesaid the said 
 owners, farmers, and occupiers are to be secured and kept harmless by the 
 Maior and his Brethren, for the tyme being, upon tlie Townes charges, from 
 all actions and suites in law which shall be brought against them, or any of 
 
Ecclesiastical History. 
 
 263 
 
 them, for the same. 
 
 WILLIAM DAVISON, Maior. 
 WILLM. BUKSTALL, Aldmn. 
 EICHARD SOUTHWICKE. 
 RICHARD (PQ his mark) BAME. 
 NATHANIEL NORRIS, &c. 
 JOHN DOVE, Gierke. 
 
 In the year 1866 the Glebe lands at Preston, heretofore 
 
 held by the Sub-Dean of York and his lessees, were transferred 
 
 to the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, and at the same time 
 
 Preston was constituted a Eectory, under the provisions of the 
 
 act for 'facilitatingthe annexation of tithes to district churches,'* 
 
 in the patronage of the Archbishop of York. The Vicarages of 
 
 Hedon and Preston continued to be held together until the 
 
 year 1866, when they were separated. 
 
 The value of the living up to a comparatively recent date 
 was not more than j£60 a year. 
 
 The following extract from the Terrier filed in the Arch- 
 bishop's Kegistry at York, in 1716, shews the value of the 
 living of Hedon at that time: — 
 
 A true and just account of the Tythes and profits of the Curacy of 
 Hedon in ye East Riding, Com. Ebor. — Tythe in kind of Hay of all the 
 closes without the old Haven, except the ground called \Vestlands, which 
 ])ays a modus annually of five shillings and one penny ; a modus of tenpence 
 })er acre for all the closes within the old Haven ; an Easter offering of tvvo- 
 ])ence ; for all servant's wages, fourpence per pound ; an half-gate one 
 penuA- ; for a stock of bees one penny ; for a churching fee one shilling ; for 
 a funeral one shilling and sixpence. Besides these, there are also due to 
 tlie minister, and payable on the first day of August, for all houses, garths, 
 * 28 and 29 Vict , Cap. 42. (Since repealed.) 
 
264 
 
 History of Hedon 
 
 and orchards in the parish, amounting altogether to £3 5 4J. 
 
 (Signed) 
 
 RICHARD SISSISON, Minister. 
 
 '^'j- Churchwardens. 
 
 W. BURSTALL. JOHN BARKER. SAMUEL WATSON. 
 
 RICHD. BOWER. JO. BURSTALL. RICHD. GARTON. 
 
 FRANCIS WALKER. FRAN. MOOR. 
 
 At the visitation of the Archbishop of York* at Hull, 31st 
 May, 1749, the following Terrier was presented by the Yicar 
 and Churchwardens : — 
 
 A true and perfect Terrier of all the Glebe lands, Tythes, and all other 
 Ecclesiastical dues and profits whatsoever belonging to the Vicarage of 
 Hedon, delivered at the primary visitation of the most Reverend Father in 
 God, Matthew, by Divine Providence Lord Archbishop of York, Primate of 
 England and Metropolitan, held in the Parish Church of the Holy Trinity 
 in Kingston-upon-Hull, the 31sfc day of May, 1749. — A house, with the 
 garth adjoining, situate and lying in a street called Bedlam Street, let at 
 one pound five shillings yearly ; the churchyard ; tythe in kind, of closes 
 lying on the outside of the old Haven, and tenpence an acre for all closes 
 within the said old Haven. A composition tythe for the houses, orcliar Js, and 
 gardens lying in and about the town at certain rates paj^able every first day 
 of August ; all other tythes and Easter offerings ; fourpence a pound paid to 
 the Vicar for all servants wages within the Parish of Hedon ; three pounds 
 a year left by the late Mrs Watson to the Minister of Hedon for preaching a 
 sermon every third day of August for ever, payable the same day. — Surplice 
 fees thus : For churching of every woman, one shilling ; for every marriage 
 by banns, five shillings ; by license, ten shillings; for every burial in the 
 churchyard, two shillings ; in the body of the church, three shillings and 
 fourpence ; and in the chancel, ten shillings. Witness our hands — 
 
 Witnessed by THOMAS FOWLE, Mayor; JOHN PUDSEY, JOHN 
 FARBRIDGE, FRANCIS MOOR, principal inhabitants. 
 
 THOMAS JACKSON, Vicar. 
 WILLIAM PEART, Churchwarden. 
 
 * Dr. Hutton. 
 
Ecclesiastical History. ^^'65 
 
 In a terrier presented 2ist June, 1764, the old Yicarage 
 house IS more particularly described as 
 
 " A brick bouse — the covei iug tliatch — containing one room, a brick 
 floor, and plaister walls laid with boards ; a garth adjoining, in length about 
 thirtj'-five yards, in breadth nine yards; bounded on the north by a garth 
 belonging to Christopher Webster, the fence a mud wall ; on the south by a 
 garth belonging to William Hewitt, the fence a hedge ; and on the west by 
 the highway, by a mud wall. In the churchyard. — There is growing in the 
 churchyard twenty-eight elms, worth four })ounds. The Clerk receives, by 
 ancient custom, fourpence at Easter for every house in the parish of the 
 p^risliioners. Mrs Ann Watson left to the Clerk ten shillings a year by her 
 last will, for ever, payable the third day of August. The Clerk receives for 
 a publication one shilling, for a marriage by banns one shilling, by license 
 three shillings and four pence. For a burial in the churchyard, one shilling, 
 in the church, two shillings, and when a woman is churched, sixpence. The 
 Vicar appoints the Clerk. The Sexton is appointed by the Mayor, and 
 receives for a burial in the Churchyard eightpence, and in the body of the 
 Church, sixteenpence. 
 
 (Signed) 
 
 THOMAS JACKSON, Vicar. 
 ANTHONY KID, 
 
 ^^^^ \ ni 
 ITH, I ^^^^^"^ 
 
 KUBEKT SMITH, ^ — ^^liwardens." 
 
 The Glebe house mentioned in the above Terrier was 
 pulled down in the year 1831, and rebuilt at a cost of 
 j£177 17s. 3d. at the sole expense of the then Yicar, the Eev. 
 William Wasse, LL.D. 
 
 The living of Hedon was augmented about the year 1829 
 by a grant from Queen Anne's 13ounty, which was expended in 
 the purchase of a house and garden on the Market hill, on the 
 north side of the Church, for a Yicarage house. 
 
 In December, 1849, the tithes and Easter offerings were 
 commuted under the provisions of the statute ' for the 
 
'266 History of Hedon. 
 
 commutation of tithes in England and Wales,'* at the annual 
 sum of £63, by way of rent charge to the Vicar in lieu of all 
 tithes, moduses, compositions, and customary payments what- 
 soever arising or accruing in respect of all the lands of the 
 parish. The tithe award, which bears date 8th December, 1849, 
 and was confirmed by the tithe commissioners, 11th December, 
 1849, states that the ancient glebe lands of the Yicar, contain- 
 ing by estimation 17 perches, are by prescription exempt from 
 all tithes ; that the estimated quantity in statute measure of 
 all the lands in the parish subject to the payment of tithes 
 amounts to 312 acres, of which 3 acres are cultivated as arable 
 land, 257 acres as meadow or pasture, 20 acres as orchards or 
 gardens, and 32 acres as public highways and the site of the 
 town ; that a prescriptive payment of five shillings and one 
 penny is of right due and payable yearly at Easter to the Vicar 
 for the time being, instead of the tithes on certain lands called 
 the Westlands, containing by estimation 46 acres and 28 
 perches, of which the Corporation are the owners; and that there 
 was payable yearly at Easter to the Vicar by every occupier of 
 land in the parish (except the occupiers of the Westlands) the 
 sum of two pence half-penny for every milk cow, instead of the 
 tithes of milk and calf of such cow ; and one penny for every 
 stock of bees instead of the tithes of honey and swarms of bees; 
 and, also, that an ancient navigable foss, or canal, called the 
 old Haven (now filled up), formerly surrounded the borough 
 
 • 6 & 7 William IV., Cap. 71. 
 
Nave Clekestouy Windows, 
 St. Augustine's Church, Hedon. 
 
Ecclesiastical History. 267 
 
 and divers lands of the parish, containing altogether by estima- 
 tion 162 acres, which lands were still known as the lands lying 
 inside the old Haven, and that there was an ancient and laud- 
 able custom in the parish that every occupier of lands lying 
 inside the old Haven should pay yearly to the Vicar the sum 
 of tenpence for ever}^ acre, instead of all grass growing on such 
 lands, whether the same were mown and made into hay or 
 eaten by the mouths of barren and unprofitable cattle. 
 
 In 1868 the Vicarage house on the north side of the Church 
 was pulled down, and the site, with the garden, converted into 
 a graveyard. The Corporation gave a field on the north side of 
 Ivy Lane, in which the present Vicarage house now stands, 
 containing 1 acre 2 roods and 8 perches, valued at j£400, in ex- 
 change for the old Vicarage house and garden. 
 
 The present Vicarage was built at a cost of about £1,000, 
 from funds raised by voluntary subscriptions, supplemented by 
 a grant from the Ecclesiastical Commissioners. The first 
 stone of the building was laid by the Mayor (Arthur Iveson, 
 Jun., Esq.), on the 19th October, 1869. A tablet in the 
 Vicarage porch records the event 
 
 In 1876 the living of Hedon was further augmented by a 
 grant made by Mrs Harcourt, the widow of the Eev Canon 
 Harcourt, (son of the late Archbishop of York), of a sum of 
 money, which, with a corresponding amount granted by the 
 Ecclesiastical Commissioners, when invested, raised the living 
 to its present value, <£200 a year. 
 
^68 
 
 History of Hedon. 
 
 The Mayor, for the time being, still continues to exercdse 
 the privilege of appointing the Sexton, and the Yicar appoints 
 the Parish Clerk. 
 
 The follownig is a list of the Yicars of S. Augustine's 
 Church, the earlier portion of which is from a compilation 
 made by the late Eev. Dr. Wasse, some time Yicar of Hedon : 
 
 2 November, 1298— Dns. W. de Blyda. 
 28 February, 1347— Dns. W. de Carliolo. 
 
 11 September, 1362 — Dns. Richd. le White Vel de Lanum, Cap. 
 18 July, 1363— Dns. Robt. de Pykering. 
 11 November, 1382 — Dns. Adam. 
 
 — Dns. Thomas de Newton. 
 28 August, 1396— Dns. Thomas Tynton, Cap. 
 28 October, ISOS—Mastr. John Bronde de Thetford, L B. 
 28 November, 1415 — Roger de Saxton, Cap. 
 
 6 March, 1419— Dns. William Uphall, L.B. 
 
 28 June, 1420— Dns. Jobs. Trafford, Cap. 
 14 March, 1455 — Dns. Walter Bate, Presb. 
 18 April, 1456— Dns. Robert Gyles, Cap. 
 
 22 September^ 1459— Dns. Thomas Clark, Presb.* 
 13 December, 1492 — Dns. William Allanson, Cap. 
 25 September, 1505 — Dns. Robert Gillowe, Presb. 
 
 7 June, 1525 — Mastr. Richard Lister, L.B. 
 
 2 May, 1526— Mastr. Richd. Lister, L.B. Cler'ura. 
 21 July, 1529— Dns. Thomas Clark, Presb. 
 
 25 October, 1532 — Dns. Marm. Thomson. Vel Constable. 
 
 25 June, 1546 — Dns. John Newton. 
 
 . . . 15 . . — Dns. Thomas Buller. 
 
 3 August, 1588— John Theire, CI. 
 
 29 September, 1599— William Barick, CI. 
 
 * By the will of Joan Methley, dated Ith December, 1480, the testatrix leaves the 
 residue of her effects at the disposition of her executors, William Tavener, Vicar of 
 Hedon, and Kalph Cobb, Chaplain to the testatrix. Test Ebor. Vol. 1, p. 219. 
 
Ecclesiastical History. 
 
 269 
 
 The following entry of a marriage occurs in the year 1602 : 
 
 " 1602, January 10. — Mappleton and Anne were marryed ; Richard 
 Read, Presbyter Romanus, pastor et veri ejusdem eiche Hedoniensis eodem 
 anno : Gardim ecclsse, Xtopherus Jobson, Guilielimus Ombler ; jurati, 
 Thomas Dawson, Thomas Storye. 
 
 The following is written opposite to this entry in a different 
 
 handwriting : 
 
 Hie Presbiter Pontlficalis hoc loco sacrum ainstj evangelioum faeir 
 Antichisti ana turpi polluit et turpis ergo eijcit ux turpes." 
 Ab hunc farinse." 
 " Libera nos Domini." (Parish Register.) 
 
 VICARS (continued): 
 . . . 1614— Francis Edgar, M.A. 
 21 January, 1624— Henry Hibbert, Clerk. 
 29 December, 1640— John Revell, M.A. 
 
 Amongst the records of the Corporation of this date is the 
 following entry : 
 
 *' At this Court oometh in Jo. Dove, Clerke, and prayed to be admitted 
 int© the fellowshippe of ye Burgesses of this towne, which is granted ulato 
 . him gratis, for that he, ye saide Mr. Dove, is present Minister of ye Gospel 
 in ye saide towne of Hedon." 
 
 Mr. Dove had evidently been an interloper. Probably he 
 was put ui possession of the Church by the Puritan party, who 
 appear at this time to have been in the ascendancy, represented 
 by ' Mr Maior and his Councille.' Mr Dove's name does not 
 appear in the list of Vicars of Hedon and Preston in Torre's 
 Peculiars, but the following entry appears in the Parish 
 Register of baptisms : 
 
 " Octob 13, 1659. — Mary, the daughter of John Dove, minister, was 
 borne the ninth of Octb, and baptised ye 13teene day of October, 1659." 
 
270 
 
 Histcny of Hedon. 
 
 On 13th December, 1662, the following entry is made in 
 the parish register : 
 
 " George Hornby was appointed the Parish Gierke of Hedon by Mr. 
 Maior and his Councille, and by Mr. Dove, Minister there, and he hath 
 delivered into his hands as followeth ; the pulpit cloath, the cushion 
 thereto belonging, the Church great Bible, two comon prayer bokes, com- 
 munion table cloathes, one linne, the other of green silk, one other comon 
 prayer boke, and Jewell against Harden in the hands of Mr Dove." 
 
 On the elevation of Oliver Cromwell to the Protectorate, 
 in many Corporations those members who were inclined to 
 favour the restoration of the Monarchy were unceremoniously 
 deprived of their offices, and persons favourable to the 
 commonwealth appomted in their stead. The orthodox pastors 
 of the Church were illegally ejected, and their benefices occu- 
 pied by ministers holding puritanical views. And as a final 
 blow at the establishment the parish registers were removed 
 from the custody of the clergy, and the solemnization of 
 matrimony committed to the hands of the civil magistrate. 
 These arbitrary proceedings on the part of Cromwell and the 
 Parliament were carried out to some extent at Hedon by the 
 appointment of Mr Jonathan Dove to the living, and the 
 following entries in the Parish Register, selected from several 
 others, illustrate the manner in which marriages were solem- 
 nized in these unsettled times : 
 
 " December 6, 1653. — William Wright, sonne of John Wright, of 
 Ryhill, in the parish of Skecklinge, in Holderness, and Martha Holme, 
 daughter of . . . Holme, of the said towne of Kyhill, deceas'd, maried the 
 dale and place aforesaide by Kichard Southwicke, Maior of the Towne and 
 
North Transept Doorway, 
 St. Augustine's Church, Hedon. 
 
Ecclesiastical History. 
 
 271 
 
 Corporation of Hedon in Holderriess, in the Countie of York, and Justice 
 of the Peace within the same and liberty thereof, with the free and full 
 consent of Thomas Holme, guardian of the saide Martha, publication of the 
 saide mariage being before made three several Lords daies in the Parish 
 Church of Skecklinge, to wit, upon the 13th and 20th November, 1653, and 
 upon the 4th of December, in the same year, as by a certificate under the 
 hand of John Penotte, Clerk, Mynister of Skecklinge aforesaide, doth 
 appear/' — " 16 February, 1654 — Richard Appleton, widower, and Marie 
 Milner, singlewoman, both of the towne and parish of Auldborough, were 
 maried at Hedon by Mr. Richard Southwicke, Maior of the said towne of 
 Hedon, and Justice of the Peace, publication being made before in the open 
 markitt at Hedon three several markitt daies to witt, the nine and twenty 
 daie of January and the 5 and 12 of Februarie, 1653, according to the late 
 Act of Parliament." 'On 6th April, 1657, Sam. Baines was sworne register.' 
 Mr. Baines was at that time the Town Clerk. 
 
 1 December, 1676 — Thomas Swinburne, M.A. 
 
 The early registers of the parish now in existence were 
 beautifully transcribed by Mr Swinburne. His induction to 
 the living is entered in the register by himself : 
 
 " Incorporalem, realem actualem plenam et pacificum possessionem 
 ecclesi^ de Hedon cum omnib* et suis membris pertinentiis juris et commd' 
 quilassy, Decimo tertio die Decembris An" Domini, 1676, inductus fuit. 
 Thos. Swinburne, Clr., M'" 
 
 7 January, 1686— Phillip Hutton. 
 
 It is stated in the "Dade iM anuscripts " that Francis 
 Smales, Eector of Preston, and probably Yicar of Hedon, was 
 an industrious collector of manuscripts about the year 1698. 
 The name of Smales does not appear in Torre's Peculiars. In 
 1698 the name ' Sam Prowde, Cur. de Hedon,' appears in the 
 register. In Torre's Peculiars the name of ^ Dr. Pearson,' 
 appears as Vicar of Preston in 1695. 
 
 . . . 1697 — Richard Sissison. 
 
272 ' History of He don. 
 
 The name of Mr Sissison does not appear in any published 
 hst of Vicars of Pledon, but his name frequently appears in the 
 register as AJinister of Hedon. It would seem that the punish- 
 ment of excommunication was resorted to at this time. There 
 is a record in the register that 
 
 On Feby ye 21st, 1718^ Elizabeth Hodgson and Wm. Reeston were 
 legally excommunicated in ye Parish Ch. of Hedon for the bearing of a 
 bastard child and his being the rejtuted father of it, and for contempt, &c., 
 Signed, K. Sissison, Minr.' And again on 8 Jany., 1715, Ann Jackson was 
 excommunicated legally " for bearing a bastard child and not finding a 
 father for it." On ye same day Elizabeth Brndley was excommunicated 
 for bearing a bastard child, and for contenij)!, <kr., by K. Sissison; MinisLr. 
 Mem""'- Bradley has done peunance and is absolved." 
 
 In the register of burials, 1729 : 
 
 ''January ye 18th.- — The Revd. Mr. Richard Sissison, Minister of 
 Hedon, was then burird." 
 
 9 April, 1730 — Thomas lacksoH. 
 
 In the register of marriages at Hedon is the following 
 entry : 
 
 " On 8r.l April, 1727. Thomas Jackson, of the Parish of Waghen, Clerk, 
 aged 2G, and Elizabetii Sissison, of the ])ai-isli t)f Hedon, aged 25, were 
 married by the Revd. Jaques Sterne, LL.D., Rector of Rise." 
 
 Dr. Sterne was uncle to the celebrated Lawrence Sterne. 
 
 16 July, 1740— Ralph Rol.son. 
 
 26 November, 1744 — Thomas Jackson, M.A. 
 
 Mr. Jackson died 17th September, 1754, and was buried at 
 Hedon. 
 
 22nd January, 1755 — Thomas Jackson, B.A. 
 
 Mr. Jackson would probably be the son of the above men- 
 tioned Thomas Jackson. 
 
 14 Octobei-, 1784— John Butt, M.A. 
 4 June, 1812 — John Dixon. 
 
Ecclesiastical History. ^73 
 
 The Eev. John Dixon was curate in charge of the two 
 Parishes of Hedon and Preston previous to his being appointed 
 to the livings. He was officiating minister, curate, and vicar 
 for forty-five years. He kept a school on the Market hill. He 
 died at Hedon on Sunday, 22nd June, 1828, aged 69, and was 
 buried at Preston. 
 
 29 July, 1828— William Wasse, LL.D. 
 
 The Eev. Dr. Wasse, who was upwards of ten years Vicar 
 of Hedon, was a gentleman of great ability and considerable 
 literary attainments, and a powerful and eloquent preacher. 
 He took great interest in the welfare of the town and its in- 
 habitants. It was mainly through his instrumentality that a 
 National School at Hedon was established. The School was 
 built on land given by the Corporation, on the north side of 
 the Hull road, and was for many years a great benefit to the 
 inhabitants and an ornament to the place. He also, at his 
 own expense, rebuilt the old Vicarage house in Souttergate, 
 which was, before, only a thatched cottage. During the 
 vicariate of Dr. Wasse great improvements were made in the 
 fabric of the Church, especially in the interior, through his 
 energy and perseverance, although it must be admitted, that 
 some of his work was not what would now be considered in 
 good taste. He was the means of providing the Church with 
 the present organ, and of the erection of a gallery at the west 
 end of the Church, which was pulled down on the restoration 
 of the nave in 1877. Dr. Wasse published, whilst at Hedon, 
 in 1832, " Annotations on the Gospel of S. Matthew" in one 
 
274 History of Hedon. 
 
 volume, dedicated to the Yen. Archdeacon Wrangham. He 
 was also the author of several useful school catechisms. He 
 died 19th February, 1839, and was buried in the transept of 
 the Church under the tower, where an unpretending stone on 
 the floor records his death. In 1837 Edmund Simmons, the 
 Sexton, after forty years' service, resigned his office and was 
 awarded a pension of ^5 a year. The Mayor appointed 
 his successor at a salery of j£8 a year, and the Yicar and 
 Churchwardens appointed the same person as Verger at a salary 
 of j£2 a year. 
 
 5th April, 1839— James Hare Wake, B.A. 
 
 The Kev. James Hare Wake, who held the living of Hedon 
 for fifteen years, was the son of Dr. Baldwin Wake, an eminent 
 physician in York. Previous to his appointment to the 
 Yicarage of Hedon he was curate to Archdeacon Bentinck, 
 Rector of Sigglesthorne. Mr. Wake was a pious and energetic 
 clergyman, and was possessed of a thorough knowledge of 
 church architecture. He was the author of a very interesting 
 account of S. Augustine's Church, published in 1846. Two 
 sermons preached by Mr. Wake in Hedon Church have been 
 published, the one on the occasion of Archdeacon Wrangham's 
 visitation, 28 July, 1839, and the other preached before the 
 Mayor, and Corporation on the occasion of the funeral of the 
 Duke of Wellington, 18th October, 1852. In 1849, when 
 Hedon was visited by that dreadful scourge the cholera, Mr. 
 Wake was incessant in his attendance on the sufferers. 
 
Ecclesiastical History. ^71 
 
 administering to their temporal and spiritual wants. The 
 Corporation, as an acknowledgement of their sense of his dili- 
 gent and unselfish conduct during that terrible time, presented 
 him oa behalf of the parishioners with a silver pocket com- 
 munion service. In 1854 Mr. Wake was presented by the 
 Archbishop to the living of Sutton on the Forest, near York. 
 He died at Bridgenorth 5 December, 1874. On 8th July, 
 1841, the Yen. Eobert Isaac Wilberforce, Archdeacon of the 
 East Riding, held his first visitation at Hedon, and on the 
 12th October, in the same year, the Eight Eev. Dr. Bethell, 
 Bishop of }3angor, held a confirmation. The restoration of 
 the Chancel, under the superintendence of Sir George Gilbert 
 Scott, was effected at a cost of upwards of £200, raised by 
 means of a bazaar held iti the Town H.all on the 10th, 11th, 
 and 12th May, 1843. The Chancel was formally opened on 25th 
 May, 1845, when a sermon was preached by Archdeacon Wilber- 
 force, and in the afternoon of the same day a confirmation was 
 held in the Church by the Eight Eev. Dr. Longley, Bishop of 
 Eipon. 
 
 • • • March 1854— John Fox. 
 Mr. Fox, previous to his accepting the appointment of 
 Yicar of Hedon, was Curate in charge of the parish of Whitby. 
 He held the living of Hedon about twelve years ; he died 22nd 
 August, 1866, and was buried in the churchyard, on the south 
 side of the Church. The first visitation of the Ven. Charles 
 Maitland Long, Archdeacon of the East Eiding, was held in 
 1865. 
 
27C History of Hedon. 
 
 . . . August, 1867^Kichard Kemp Bailey, M.A. 
 
 The Eev. Richard Kemp Bailey was Vicar of Hedon about 
 ten months — he vacated the living on being appointed Eector 
 of Preston. Up to this time the livings of Hedon and Preston 
 had been held together, but in 1868 they were separated and 
 Preston constituted a Eectory. Mr. Bailey was the first 
 Rector appointed. Previous to Mr. Bailey being presented to 
 the living of Hedon, he was Vicar of S. Paul's, Hull. Mr. }3ailey 
 died at Preston 9th May, 1876, and was buried in the Church- 
 yard there. 
 
 13 June, 1868— Charles Edward Camidge, M.A. 
 
 The Rev. Charles Edward Camidge, son of the Rev. Canon 
 Camidge, Vicar of Wakefield, only held the Vicarage of Hedon 
 about five years, but during that time he was the means of 
 effecting the restoration of a great portion of the fabric of the 
 Church, and of improving the status of the parish. On his in- 
 duction to the living Mr. Camidge found the Church in a sad 
 state of repair, and the services and congregations in keeping 
 with the Church. He speedily infused his spirit into the 
 parish, and with the support of the Corporation and principal 
 residents in the town was enabled to restore the Church, 
 rebuild the south transept, erect a Vicarage house, found a 
 Church Institute, raise an effective choir, fill the School with 
 children and the Church with attentive worshippers ; the sums 
 expended in these various objects exceeding £6,000. On 
 leaving Hedon, in 1873, Mr. Camidge was collated by the 
 
The Bishop of Bathurst, N. S. Wales; 
 VicAE OF Hedon, 1868-1873. 
 
Ecclesiastical History. 277 
 
 Archbishop of ^ork to the Eectory of Wheldrake, near York, 
 which he held for about three years and a half, when he ex- 
 changed that living for the Vicarage of Thirsk.* In 1887 Mr. 
 Camidge was appointed to the See of Bathurst, in the Colony 
 of New South Wales, and was duly consecrated Bishop by the 
 Archbishop of Canterbury 13th October, 1887. 
 
 . . . 1873— John Henry Wicksteed, M.A. 
 
 Mr. Wicksteed, previous to his being collated to the 
 Vicarage of Hedon, was Chaplain to Her Majesty's Prison at 
 Hull. Mr. Wicksteed held the living of Hedon a little over 
 three years. In 1876 he was presented to the living of Pock- 
 lington, m the East Eiding, which he vacated on being 
 presented to the living of Bexley, in Kent, in 1893. 
 
 . . . 187G — Heiirv Lowther Clarke, M.A. 
 
 The Kev. Henry Lowther Clarke, of St. John's College, 
 Cambridge, took the high degree of seventh wrangler in the 
 year 1874. In 1883 Mr. Clarke vacated the living of Hedon 
 on being appointed one of the masters of St. Peter's School, 
 York. He held this appointment about a year, when he 
 accepted the Vicarage of St. Martin's, in the City of York. In 
 1890 Mr. Clarke was presented to the living of Dewsbury, 
 in the West Eiding, and in 1893 was made an honorary 
 Canon of Wakefield. 
 
 * in both these parishes Mr. Camidge was deservedly popular, and during his 
 short tenure of the livings effected extensive restorations of the respective Churches. 
 Mr. Camidge became Canon and Prebendary of York Minster in 1882, Eural Dean of 
 Thirsk in 1883, and Proctor for the Archdeaconry of Cleveland in ISSt). 
 
S78 History of Hedon, 
 
 . . . 1883— John Horsfall Richardson, M.A. 
 
 The present Vicar. 
 
 When S. Augustine's Church was built, and during the 
 successive centuries, Hedon evidently enjoyed brighter and 
 palmier days than now shine upon its inhabitants. It was 
 when commercial enterprise enriched the burgess, and the 
 proud castle of the Albemarles overlooked the town, that the 
 present goodly fabric was commenced, probably on the site of 
 an older Norman Church. The chancel and transepts arose 
 under the eye of the skilful architect, and the beautiful 
 simplicity of the early English pillars and lancet windows of a 
 single light betoken the days of the Third Henry or the First 
 Edward.* 
 
 The plan of the fabric is a Latin cross having north and 
 south transepts, a chancel, and a nave. There is perhaps no 
 Parish Church which affords a better study for teaching the 
 rudiments of Gothic architecture than S. Augustines ; there 
 may be traced the early Enghsh, the Decorated and the Per- 
 pendicular not mixed indiscriminately, but exhibiting such 
 breadth of each style as to keep them perfectly distinct. t The 
 chancel and transepts are purely early English, with the ex- 
 ception of the east window in the former, which is a per- 
 pendicular insertion. The nave is altogether an instance of 
 the decorated, whilst the tower is a beautiful example of the 
 perpendicular. 
 
 * The Kev, J. H. Wake in a paper read at a meeting of the Yorkshire Architec- 
 tural Society at Hull, 8th September, 1846- 
 t lb/ 
 
Ecclesiastical History. f879 
 
 From an elaborate and exhaustive account of this Church, 
 by George Edmund Street, Esq., E.A., F.S.A., read before the 
 Society of Antiquaries,* it appears that the structure was be- 
 gun about the end of the 12th century. It is probable that an 
 older building was standing when it was commenced, and that 
 the south transept, which is the oldest portion of the building, 
 was first of all undertaken in order, as Mr. Street observes, 
 that the older building might not be removed until there was 
 some portion of the new Church ready for the use of 
 worshippers. The south transept seems to be earlier in date 
 than the chancel. It is usual to find where there is no church 
 already standing that the chancel and not the transept was the 
 first of all commenced. This was natural, indeed, necessary 
 to men whose worship centered in the altar, and for this reason 
 it may be assumed with some confidence that an entire church 
 did exist here before the south transept was commenced. It 
 was the opinion of the learned architect, now quoted, that the 
 south transept was commenced about A.D. 1190-1195, and 
 that in the course of the next thirty or thirty-five years the 
 north transept, the chancel, the south chancel aisle, and the 
 eastern aisle of the transepts were all completed, and by the 
 middle of the thirteenth century the people of H edon were 
 able to boast of a church whose transepts measured from north 
 to south no less than 150 feet, a choir 57 feet long, and the 
 base, at any rate, of a great central steeple. It was probably 
 about the year 1275 that the present nave was commenced. 
 
 * Anchae'ogia, Vol. xlviii, p. 185. 
 
280 History of Hedon. 
 
 Its progress must have been slow, for though the four eastern 
 bays are of this period the western bay, including the west 
 front, cannot have been completed earlier than A.D. 1325. 
 The next work was the new east window, probably rendered 
 necessary by some failure in the older window. The greater 
 part of the east end of the church was taken down and re-built 
 about the year 1400. About the middle of the 15th century 
 the centre steeple was erected* ; soon after this a vestry was 
 built in the angle between the choir and its south aisle, and 
 about the end of the 15th century arches were inserted under 
 the central tower to counteract some tendency to settlement 
 which had no doubt shown itself. The last act of all before 
 the Eeformation was the destruction of the old windows in the 
 south transept facade and the substitution for them of a large 
 tracered window of poor character. t 
 
 After the end of the 16th century the church experienced 
 the common fate of many old churches ; as the roofs decayed 
 they were altered and reduced in pitch, the old timbers being 
 made to do service again ; the walls, as they decayed, were 
 allowed to either fall down or were deliberately pulled down, 
 and, as if to obliterate every ancient feature of the Church 
 inside, the floors were raised, unsightly pews were introduced, 
 
 • There is a slight discrepancy in the dates given by the different authorities as 
 to the date when the tower was built. Rickman, in his record of buildinga during the 
 reign of Henry IV , A.D. l;-^99-Ul;^, states that the central tower was built A.D. 1899- 
 1401 by Hugh de Hedon, Treasurer of York Minster. (Rickman's Styles of A7chiteciure 
 ill Ejigland, p. 195). Hugh de Hedon was probably a native of this place. He was 
 Master Mason at York Minster 1399-1401. (Raine's Fabric Rolls, Siirt. Soc, p. xixj). 
 John Skinner, of Westgait, Hedon, by his will dited Hrd November, bequeathed 
 ' 4us fabici novi campanil de Hedon,' which would indicate that the tower wa.i then in 
 the course of construction. (Wills in Yofk Registry Vol. iii, p. 6ii!)' 
 
 t Mr Street. 
 
Ecclesiastical History. 281 
 
 and the walls disfigured by re-iterated coats of paint and white- 
 wash* What might ultimately have been the fate of 
 S. Augustine's Church, had it not been for the timely aid 
 which came to its rescue in 1866, is painful to contemplate. 
 Mr. Christopher Sykes, the then Member of Parliament for 
 the East Kiding of Yorkshire, with that characteristic zeal and 
 liberality so well known and appreciated, started a subscription 
 for the repair of the Church with the handsome sum of JL'1,000, 
 afterwards supplemented by additional subscriptions. To this 
 gentleman the Hedon people owe a lasting debt of gratitude ; 
 to him they are indebted for the salvation from ruin of their 
 beautiful church, for the inhabitants of the town and neigh- 
 bourhood, stimulated by his example, took up with energy the 
 work of restoration, powerfully aided by the zeal and liberality 
 of the then Vicar, the Eev, Charles Edward Camidge, now 
 }3ishop of Bathurst, under whose care and perseverance the 
 w^ork of restoration progressed. The restoration commenced 
 with the re building of the south transept, under the direction 
 of Mr. Street, in 1867 ; the re-roofing and restoration of the 
 nave, under the supervision of Mr. John Thorp Webster, was 
 completed in 1877, and, finally, the restoration and re-roofing 
 of the north transept and chancel, under the supervision of 
 the same architect, in 1881. In the same year the pinnacles 
 of the tower were repaired. 
 
 The exterior — commencing with the chancel. — On the north 
 side are three lancet windows, with shafts, dripstones, and 
 
 » Mr. Street. 
 
282 History of Hedon. 
 
 ornaments, having blank panels at the sides ; at the east end 
 of the chancel is a large Perpendicular window. The south 
 side is nearly a bare wall ; part of a pier is to be seen buried in 
 the wall, which has evidently formed a portion of the south 
 aisle of the chancel. The exterior walls of the east end are 
 concealed in the interior of the present vestry. On the west 
 side of the vestry is a lancet window, formerly the east window 
 of the south aisle of the chancel. The north transept has a 
 fine pointed doorw^ay, with deep receding aich mouldings and 
 bases, ornamented with dog tooth decoration. Above the door 
 are three ranges of lancet windows, and four windows of a 
 similar character on the west side. The east side is little more 
 than a bare wall, with indications of communication to a 
 chapel, or aisle, southward from the north end of the transept 
 to the chancel. The south transept corresponds with the 
 north transept, and has had a side aisle leading eastward from 
 the east side of the transept. At the south end of the transept, 
 but not in the centre, is a large semi-circular headed doorway, 
 approached by three steps. Above the doorway are three 
 lancet windows, and above them is an oriel window. The nave, 
 on the north side, has three pointed windows ; and a pointed 
 arched doorway, surmounted by a pedimental crocketed canopy, 
 above which is a lozenge-shaped window, on the west of wdiich 
 is another pointed window, with decorated flowing tracery 
 of a different design from that of the other three windows 
 east of the doorway. The clerestory exhibits five small pointed 
 
Ecclesiastical History, ^83 
 
 windows, each of two lights. The south aisle and clerestory 
 present a similar appearance, with the exception of the door- 
 way, which is deprived of its canopy. In the centre of the 
 west end of the nave is a fine doorway, over the arch of which is 
 a crocketed pediment. Above the doorway is a large modern 
 pointed arched window of five lights, and with Decorated 
 flowing tracery, w^ith a pointed window of a similar character at 
 the end of the aisles, each of two lights. The tower rises at 
 the intersection of the nave and the transepts ; it is lofty and 
 well-proportioned. The dial of the clock is placed on the east 
 face. 
 
 The following are the dimensions of the Church : Height 
 of the tower, 129 feet ; length of the chancel, 58 feet 9 inches ; 
 width of the chancel, 28 feet 9 inches ; extreme length from 
 north to south, 105 feet 2 inches ; from east to west, 164 feet 
 6 inches. 
 
 The interior. — The chancel, formerly separated from the 
 transepts by an oak s.creen of Perpendicular tracery, is now 
 open. The present oak stalls were introduced, and the end 
 restored, in 1842, by Sir Gilbert Scott, E.A. On the north 
 side are three large lancet windows, also three sedilia, sepa- 
 rated by slender columns. On both sides is a triforium, each 
 containing six arches. The east window is an excellent 
 example of Perpendicular work. On the north side, within 
 the altar rails, are an aumbry and piscina, which were dis- 
 covered at the restoration in 1845, and on the west side of the 
 
284 History of Hedon. 
 
 vestry door are sedilia. The vestry is at the south east corner 
 of the building, and is approached from the chancel. It was 
 in 1833 much improved ; the old chamber floor was taken 
 down and the ground floor raised and boarded. The south 
 transept has, on the east side, two large pointed archways, 
 with a massive clustered column, which w^ere once open to the 
 chancel aisle. The triforium, on the east and west sides, con- 
 sists of five arches. There is a turret staircase in the south- 
 west corner leading to the triforium. The floor of the south 
 transept is covered by a tesselated pavement, placed there at 
 the time of the restoration in 1867. The north transept has 
 also two similar archways, on the east side separated by a 
 massive circular pier, with a plain capital, which were once 
 open to a corresponding aisle. There is a triforium on the east, 
 west, and north sides of the transept, with a gallery below on 
 the west and north, which is approached by a small door and 
 staircase in the w^est wall. The nave has four clustered 
 columns, with plain capitals, and five arches on each side. The 
 clerestory windows are over the points of the arches. The 
 font in the south west corner of the nave is of red granite, and 
 is richly sculptured with shields, quatrefoils, and heads ; it has 
 a plain shaft, and may be assigned to the reign of Henry VI. 
 Between the five arches of the clustered columns are eight 
 small shields of arms, and two similar shields on the wall at 
 the east end, placed there( with it must be admitted, question- 
 able taste) in 1829, when the western gallery, now pulled dowm, 
 
Ecclesiastical History. 285 
 
 was erected. The shields on the east wall of the nave repre- 
 sent respectively the arms of the See of York, and of the Ven. 
 Prancis Wrangham, the then Archdeacon of the East Biding ; 
 those on the north and south sides of the nave, the arms of the 
 Borough, the Yicar, the members for the Borough, the Town 
 Clerk, and others. The introduction of armorial bearings into 
 the House of God has frequently been severely criticised as a 
 manifestation of human pride in the place where, of all others, 
 it is the most incongruous ; but the practice has probably a 
 different origin, which may be gathered from a few words in 
 the will of a York merchant, who orders his executors to buy a 
 cope of ruby velvet for S. Saviour's Church, and directs that a 
 shield of his arms shall be wrought upon the border of the cope, 
 so that when the people see it they may feel moved to offer up 
 special prayers for his soul.* 
 
 The nave was formerly filled with square pews, which, on 
 the restoration of that portion of the Church in 1877, were re- 
 moved, and the present stalls and chairs placed in their stead. 
 
 Stained glass. — In the east window is a piece of stained 
 glass representing the figure of our Saviour. There are five 
 stained glass windows in the nave : three in the south aisle, 
 and two in the north aisle. Of those in the south aisle, one 
 was placed by the late Mr. William Watson, solicitor, to the 
 memory of his wife, who died 23rd February, 1877, and consists 
 
 * Canon Ormsby's Jytocesan history of York, p 1S7. An illustration of armorial 
 bearings wrought on vestments may be seen on a beautiful monument belonging to the 
 Percy family in Beverley Minster. 
 
286 History of Hedon. 
 
 of three figures representing Faith, Hope, and Cliarity. 
 Another window, placed to the memory of the above-named 
 William Watson, who died 25th January, 1879, by his family. 
 This window, which is not only chaste in design but elegant 
 as a work of art, consists of three figures, representing the 
 prophets — Moses, David, and Elijah. The third window is in 
 memory of Isaac Colley, who died 8th March, 1851, and Mary, 
 his wife, who died 8th January, 1869; and also of George 
 Henry Howden, who died 14th January, 1879, and Mary, his 
 wife, who died 1st October, 1881. This window consists of 
 three figures, representing Prudence, Fortitude, and Gentle- 
 ness. The two windows in the north aisle were presented by 
 the late Mr William Thomas White as ' thank offerings,' the 
 one in 1885, the other in 1887. The design of the one illus- 
 trates S. Matthew, vi, 28, and that of the other S. Luke, 
 viii, 45. 
 
 The organ, by Ward, of York, built at a cost of jQ271, was 
 formally opened 30th May, 1829. It was originally placed at 
 the west end of the nave, and was removed to its present posi- 
 tion in the north east corner of the nave in 1877. 
 
 The lectern, a handsome brass eagle, was presented to the 
 Church by Mr. William Eawson, a native of Hedon, in 1870. 
 Eound the base of the pedestal is the following inscription : — 
 * Presented by William Eawson to the Church of S. Augus- 
 tine, Hedon, A.D. 1870.' 
 
Effigies in St. Augustink's Church, Hedon. 
 
Ecclesiastical Histoiij. ^87 
 
 Monuments and Memorial Stones. — The Church is not rich 
 in monuments. At the south east corner of the nave, hiid 
 loose on the floor, is a bhie granite slab, on which is sculptured 
 an ornamental Cross in relief. This has, at one time, marked 
 the resting place of an ecclesiastic. It was formerly laid 
 under the tower. It was taken up and removed to its present 
 position in 1877. In the same place is a stone effigy, much 
 worn with age and exposure, the monument probably of some 
 w^ealthy burgher of the town. The effigy was formerly in the 
 churchyard opposite the door of the south transept. It may 
 possibly be the monument of Sir John Eouth, Knt., who, in 
 32 Henry VI., was the owner of a tenement in Baxtergate, 
 where he probably lived. There are only two mural tablets in 
 the nave, one on the south wall with the following inscription : 
 
 Near this place lieth tlie Lody of Jereb. Berry, who died May the 
 20th, 1738, aged 57. Also Elizab., his wife, who depart- d this life 
 October ye 3rd, 1747, in the 88th year of her age." 
 
 And on the north wall : 
 
 " To the raeraory of John Pudsey Daniel, late of Welvvick, He lays 
 interred near this place. He departed this life on October the 7th, 1809, 
 aged 48 years, J. P. Daniel was grandson to the late John Pudsey* of this 
 place." 
 
 On the floor of the nave, at the west end, are four memorial 
 slabs bearing the following inscriptions : 
 
 Here lieth the body of Elizabeth, the darghter of Mr. Nicholas Booker, 
 Alderman of this Corporation of Hedon, and late wife to Mr. William Baines, 
 Alderman. She departed this life March the 24th, Ano Domi 1674. Here 
 
 * Mayor in 1730. 
 
288 
 
 History of Hedon. 
 
 allso lieth her two darghters, Elizabeth and Ann. Mrs. Elizabeth Booker, 
 late wife of Mr. Nicholas Booker, Major of Hedon, buried December 28th, 
 1680." 
 
 Here lieth interred the body of Mr. Nicholas Booker, late Alderman, 
 and four times Major of this Corporation, who departed this life September 
 19th, 1693, a^t 63." 
 
 To the memor}^ of Michael Tennyson, ob. 6th Octr., 1796, ?et 75. 
 Elizabeth Tennyson, ob. 10th Jany, 1756, get 28.''* 
 
 " Here lieth the body of Mr, John Pudsey, Alderman of this Corpora- 
 tion, who died the 11th of April, 1760, aged 73 years." 
 
 Mural monuments in the south transept : 
 
 " In memory of filial love and gratitude this monument is dedicated to 
 the memory of Henry Waterland, son of the Kevd. Mr. Henry Waterland, 
 Rector of Walesby, in the County of Lincoln, and brother to the Kev. Dr. 
 Danl. Waterland, eminently distinguished for his pious and learned vindi- 
 cation of the Divinity of our adorable Saviour. He married Martha, the 
 daughter of William Baines, Esq., Alderman of this town, with whom he 
 lived forty years in perfect union of affection, and had a numerous family. 
 Nine of their children lie buried in this place. The only survivor is the 
 Revd. Dr Henry Waterland, Rector of Wrington, in the county of Somerset. 
 He was remarkable for his abilities and knowledge in the arduous profession 
 of the law, which he practised with great integrity for seventy years, and 
 was happy in the enjoyment of a sound judgment and understanding at 
 the great age of ninety-three. He was several times elected Mayor of this 
 Corporation, and served the office with fidelity and honor. Most dear to 
 his family and friends, he resigned his soul to God on the 20th day of 
 September, 1766, and rests in full assurance of a joyful resurrection to 
 eternal life through the merits of a crucified Redeemer, "f 
 
 " To the memory of Martha, the beloved wife of Henry Waterland, of 
 Hedon, gent., whose good sense, meek spirit, and peculiar sweetness of 
 temper, rendered her amiable in every relation of life — the most affectionate 
 wife, the tenderest mother, and the kindest friend. In piety and devotion 
 
 * Michael Tenn3'son was the ancestor of Lord Tennyson, Poet Laureate, 
 t Mr. Waterland was an eminent attorney-at-iaw at Hedon. He lived in the 
 lar e house in Fletchergate, facing the road to Thorngumbald. 
 
Ecclesiastical Ilistoi^. 
 
 289 
 
 she had no superior; in charity and beneficence she had few ecjiuals. 
 Keader, whoever thou art, give praise to the author of all good for such a 
 singular example of associated virtues, and prepare thyself likewise for a 
 blessed immortality Obt. Feb. 12, 1741, aged (32." 
 
 " Sacred to the memory of a beloved parent and an infant son. — 
 November, 1838."* 
 
 " Sacred to the memory of Robert Clifford, Esq., surgeon, one of the 
 Aldermen of the Corporation of Hedon, who died at Patriiigton on the 19ih 
 of November, 1821), aged 61 years ; and also of his sister, Ann Clifford, 
 who died at Patrington on tlie 22nd day of March, 1841, in the 75th year 
 of her age."t 
 
 Capt. Wm. Iveson, 46th Infantry, died at Gibraltar, 20th October, 
 1841, aged 51." 
 
 "In memory of Mary Eleanor, only daughter of Albert Iveson, and 
 Jane, his wife ; born 5th May, 1863, died 15th September, 1863, at 
 Owthorne, and buried near this place." 
 
 " In affectionate remembrance of Alderman William Soutter, of this 
 place, who departed this life 24th December, 1867, in the 72nd year of his 
 .age, 'I will lay me down in peace and take my rest.' — Psalm iv., v 9." 
 
 " Near these are interred the body of Margt., relict of Chrisr. VVormley. 
 •She died Decemn ye 4th, 1777, aged 68. 
 
 Also Rosamond, her sister, wife to the Revd. John Clark, D.D , who 
 here lies deposited. They weie daughters of William Ashmole, Esqr., 
 Alderman of Kingston-upon-HuU ; grand-daughters to Lawrence Cockrell, 
 Esqr., Aldn. of this Corporation; co-heiress's to John, son of Lawrence, 
 w)io, with Ann, his wife, the said John and several of their children here 
 resteth. 
 
 In respectful remen\brance of such worthy peoplo and as a mark of 
 filial gratitude this tablet is ereoted by Chrisr. Wormley, son of the above- 
 named Margaret."" 
 
 ''Near this place lieth interred the body of Ann Watson, late of Stone- 
 ferry, in the parish of Sutton and County of York, widow, who, by her last 
 will, ordered a monument to be erected in memory of her father, mother, 
 
 * The 'beloved parent' was Mrs Frances Jordan, and the 'infant son' her grand- 
 child, Charles Bichard, the infant «on of her daughter, Mrs Demetrius Grevis James. 
 
 t Miss Clifford, by her will, left £100 to the Corporation of Hedon for the purpose 
 ■of providing coals for the poor of Hedon and Patrington to the amount of £5 annually. 
 
History of Hedon. 
 
 and herself, together with her dear husband, Abraham Watson, clerk, and 
 their two sons, Hedon and Abraham Watson. She bequeathed her whole 
 estate at Stoneferry aforesaid to charitable uses, and appointed the minister 
 of St. Trinity, in Kingston-upon-Hull, the minister of Hedon, and the 
 minister and churchwardens of Sutton aforesaid, trustees, to see the same 
 duly applied. She was buried the 28th of May, 1721." 
 
 In the north transept : 
 
 In memoriam Marie Sarah Meynell, uxoris Thorns Meynell, hujus 
 parochise quae die xxiii, Martii, A.D. MDCCCLV, triginta-et-tres annos nata 
 obiit. Requiescat in pace." 
 
 " In memory of Henry Cautley, F.R.C.S , of Hedon, who died 16th 
 August, 1871, aged 76 years. Also Mary Ann, his wife, younger daughter 
 of William Clapham, Esquire, of Burton Pidsea, who died 4th March, 1863, 
 aged 61 years." 
 
 In a niche in the west wall of the north transept : 
 
 "In memory of James Elliott, a private in the Coldstream Guards, 
 who was slain at the battle of Inkerman, vth November, mdcccliv, aged 22 
 years. He was a native of this place, and this monument is erected by a 
 few friends to commemorate the event and to shew that Hedon contributed 
 its mite in defence of the liberties of Europe." 
 
 The following memorial stones are on the floor of the south 
 transept, now covered by the tessellated pavement : 
 
 "John Burstall, died Sth Feb., 1807, aged 70 years; also Lydia, the 
 wife of John Burstall, who died Aug. 1st, 1822, aged 78 years ; also John, 
 son of the above John Burstall, who died Aug. 1st, 1831, aged 64 years." 
 
 " Sacred to the memory of Rhoda Anne, the beloved wife of John 
 Cautley, M.D., who departed this life 27th June, 1860, aged 25 years ; also 
 of their infant son." 
 
 " In memory of Charles Richard, the infant son of Demetrius 
 Grevig, Esq., and Mary, his wife, of Ingtham Court Lodge, Kent, 6 Nov., 
 1843, aged 3 months." 
 
 Here lie the remains of Benjamin Bedell, Esq., collector of customs 
 at the Port of Goole, who departed this life Feby. 2l8t, 1844, aged 61 years." 
 
Ecclesiastical llistoi nj. 
 
 201 
 
 " Here lie the remains of John Biidell, who departed this life Nov. 2H, 
 1810, aged 70 years." 
 
 Here lie the remains of Elizabeth, the wife of John Bedell, who 
 departed this life the 9th of April, 1815, aged 72 years." 
 
 K. C. 
 
 Sacred to the memory of Ilichard Iveson, wlio died Oct. 20th, 1853, 
 Aged oC) years; also Eliza, relict of the above, wlio died March oth, 1867, 
 aged 57 years; also liowena, their beloved daughter, who died May 2nd, 
 1833, aged 2 years." 
 
 In memory of Mary Eleanor, daugliter of Albert and Jane Iveson, 
 who died 15th September, 18(33, aged 4 months. 
 
 Sacred to the memory of Teresa Iveson, who died Feb. 23, 1857, 
 aged 83 years" 
 
 In memory of Harold Arthur, infant sou of Arthur and Amelia 
 Iveson, born xxv Feb., mdccclxiii." 
 
 Underneath lie the renmins of Nicholas Tvviggle, Esq., who departed 
 this life Aug. 8th, 1802, in the 75th year of his age ; also Mary, his wife, 
 obt 17 Aug., 1820, aged 88 years." 
 
 " Here lyeth the body of Mr. Pennock Wa^d, attorney at law, and 
 Town Clerk of the Corporation of Headon, who departed this life March 
 the 26th, 1754, aged 49 years." 
 
 ''Sacred to the memory of James Matthews, who died April llth, 
 1833, aged 33 years. " Them also which sleep in Jesus will God bring 
 with Him." — Thess., chap, iv., ver. 14. Also Bessey Matthews, widow of the 
 above, who died Nov. 30th, 1864, aged 65 years." 
 
 " In memory of Margaret, youngest daughter of Thomas and Margaret 
 Jackson, who died Jan. 23, 1833, aged 25 years. ' Blessed are the dead 
 which die in the Lord.' Also of John, their son, who died May 16th, 1834, 
 aged 28 years. His meek and unassuming manners endeared him to all who 
 knew him. His end was peace." 
 
 Under the tower : 
 
 *'Here lieth the body of Mrs Ann, the wife of Eichard Wilson, Sheriff 
 twice, and now Alderman of Kingston-upon-Hull. She departed this life 
 the 20th day of April, 1638, aged 72." 
 
292 
 
 History of Hedon. 
 
 " Sacred to the memory of Benjamin i'onsell, who died May 6tli, 1834, 
 aged 55 years." 
 
 " Sacred to the memory of David Bonsell, late of tlie Black Horse Inn, 
 Carr Lane, Hull, who died August 2nd, 1845, aged 62 years; also Mary 
 Bonsell, relict of the above, who died March 4th, 1856, aged 72 years." 
 
 The Revd. John Tickell,* who died 6th June, L823, aged 78 years ; 
 also Elizabeth, his wife, who died 6th December, 1820, aged 76 years." 
 
 " In memory of Hannah Osborne, mother in law of the Rev. Dr. 
 . Wasse, A^icar of this Parish, who died April lOtb, 1831, aged 77 years. * 0 
 Lord in Thee have I trusted; let me never be confounded.' Also of the 
 Rev. W. Wasse, LL.D., ten years Vicar of Hedon and Preston, who died 
 Feb. 19th, 1839 ; also Amelia, his wife, who died June 4th, 1851, aged 72 
 years." Restored 1883. 
 
 *'In memory of Thomas Wilson, of Magdalen House, who died Sep- 
 tember 14th, 1849, aged 81 years. Requiescat in pace." 
 
 " In memory of Mary Wilson, relict of Thomas Wilson, of Magdalen 
 House, who died June 16th, 1858. aged 92 years ; also Ann Wilson, 
 daughter of the above, who died May 20th, 1821, aged 19 years. Requiescat 
 in pace. In memory of Mary Wilson, of Magdalen House, who died on the 
 l^h February, 1865. aged 75 years, daughter of the above Thomas and 
 Mary Wilson. Requiescat in pace." 
 
 " In memory of Elizabeth Champney, of Hedon, who died on the 31st 
 of May, 1874, aged 79 years, daughter of the above Thomas and Mary 
 Wilson, of Magdalen House. Requiescat in pace." 
 
 " In memory of Thomas Wilson, of Magdalen House, who died on the 
 6th November, 1866, aged 76 years, son of the above Thomas and Mary 
 Wilson. Requiescat in pace." 
 
 ^' In memory of Arthur Wilson, of Magdalen House, who died 
 November 23rd, 1890, aged 85 years, son of the above Thomas and Mary 
 Wilson. Requiescat in pace." 
 
 Here lieth the body of Francis Moour." 
 
 ^'W.R.A., 1685." 
 
 " Sacred to the memory of Isaac Collets Esq., of this town, late of 
 Hull, who died after a short illness July 8th, 1851, aged 55 years. 'Pre- 
 pare, for ye know not the hour that the Son of Man cometh.' Also Mary, 
 relict of the aboTe, who died January 8th, 1868, aged 91 years." 
 
 * A schoolmaster at Hedon. Author of the History of Kingston-upon-Hull. 
 
Ecclesiastical History. 
 
 293 
 
 The north transept : 
 
 Sacred to the memory of Francis Jackson, Surgeon, w ho departed 
 this life Sept, 30tli, 1813, aged 55 years; also of Ann, his beloved wife, 
 who died January 9tli, 1831 aged 77 years; likewise of three cliildren wlio 
 <lied in tlieir infancy." 
 
 To the memory of George John, the infant son of George Sawyer, 
 Surgeon, of this parish, ajid Elizal>eth, his wife, born July 2+th, died July 
 26th, 1824. ' Life is a vapour that ai)pearetii for a little time and then 
 vanisheth away.' Also of Henry John Ilevvle}^ son of tlie above, who died 
 May lltli, 1830, aged 6 weeks," 
 
 " In memory of Joseph Robinson, Esq., vvlio died August 17th, 1853, 
 aged 71 years. He was an Alderman of this Corporation, and at the time of 
 Lis death was serving the office of Mayor for the sixth time. Also Eliza- 
 betli Robinson, relict of the al)r)ve, who died September 10th, 1855, aged 82 
 years." 
 
 To the memory of George, the infant son of the Revd. Henry Boyce, 
 and jMary Ann, liis wife, who died November 17th, 1828, aged 10 weeks. 
 ^Suffer little children to couio unto Me, for of sucli is the Kingdom of 
 Heaven.' " 
 
 " In memory of Henry, the son of J. and H. M. Dixon, from Hull, 
 who died the third day of September, 1827, aged 10 months," 
 
 "Samuel Shipp, died 28th October, 1832, aged 28 j^ears ; also Samuel 
 Chaloner, the son of Samuel and Eliza Anne Shipp, born Nov. 4th, died 
 Nov. 26th, 1831." 
 
 " Sacred to the memory of Samuel, the son of William and Frances 
 Kirk, died January 7th, 1843, aged 15 days," 
 
 " Sacred to the memory of Thomas Askhara, who died July 1st, 1854, 
 aged 46 years; also Caroline, wife of the above, who died Sept. 17th, 1849, 
 aged 35 years ; also Thomas, son of the above, who died Nov. 23rd, 1840, 
 aged 2 months ; also Ellen, daughter of the above, who died Jany. 31st, 
 1848, aged 13 months; also Caroline, daughter of the above, who died 
 June 3rd, 1860, aged 18 years." 
 
 *' Sacred to the memory of Amelia Brankley, who died May 14th, 1833, 
 aged 86 years." 
 
 " Flere lieth Robert Clifford Taylor, the son of John and Harriett 
 
294- 
 
 History of Iledon. 
 
 Taylor, died February 3rd, 1839, aged 17 months ; also Harriett, the wife 
 of John Taylor, daughter of the late Wm. Iveson, solicitor, wlio died April 
 26th, 1859, aged 60 years ; also John Taylor, who died April 5th, 1861, 
 aged 65 years." 
 
 Here lieth the body of David, the son of Geoi-ge and Mary Dennison, 
 who departed this life May the 5th, 1762 ; also Mary, the widow of Joshua 
 Parkinson, of Burringham, in Lincolnshire, died December 26th, 1768, 
 aged 75." 
 
 Bells. — The church contains a peal of six bells, the gift of 
 Mr. Charles Duncombe, one of the members of parliament for 
 the borough, in 1686. 
 
 " He gave four new bells and £50 in money to defray the charges in 
 casting the old bell into two to make six tuneable bells for S. Augustine's 
 Church in Hedon."* 
 
 The following are the inscriptions on the several bells : 
 
 1st bell—" . . . Richard . "f 
 
 2nd bell. — " Winde them and bring them and I will ring for them, 1637." 
 3rd, 4th and 5th bells. — " William and Philip Wightman made me, 1686, the 
 gvift of Charles Duncombe to the Corporation of Heddon in Yorkshire." 
 6th bell. — " The grift of Charles Duncombe to the Corporation of Heddon 
 in Yorkshire." 
 
 The legend on the 2nd bell is cast round the bell in basso 
 relievo near the crown. The maker's name on the 3rd, 4th and 
 5th bells is cast round the bells in the same way. The name 
 of the donor appears on the face of each of these three bells 
 about the middle way between the skirt and the crown. On 
 the 6th bell the name of the donor appears round the bell near 
 the crown in basso relievo ; also amidst a border of small bells 
 
 * Table of benefactions in the Church. 
 
 t The rest is obliterated. 
 
Ecclesiastical History. 
 
 295 
 
 and leaves cast round the bell is a shield, between every two 
 bearing the letters Eblr.* 
 
 The legend round the 2nd bell is probably intended for the 
 passing, or burial, bell, and it may also have reference to the 
 marriage bell, thus : to the mourners — 
 
 Winde them (or put on tlie winding sheet) and bring them and T will 
 ring (knoll) for them ;" 
 
 or, to the lovers — 
 
 Winde (win) them and bring them and I will ring (merrily) for tliem." 
 
 With respect to Church bells the Eev. Dr. Gratty observes :t 
 
 Of all tlie articles of furniture connected with those venerable 
 edihces in which men congregate for the purpose of Divine worship none is 
 more worthy of notice, or more susceptible of illustrative description, than 
 the bell. It hangs for centuries in the grey and wild tower, and expresses 
 with its iron tongue to successive generations by hourly strokes the gradual 
 iliglit of inexorable time. It calls men to the public services of the Church ; 
 it rings a merry peal at their marriages, and tolls a solemn knell at their 
 funerals ; it rouses the son of labour to the fields at daybreak, it invites him 
 home to his dinner at noon ; and the curfew announces the hour of repose. 
 Even those who neglect its holier summonses depend upon it for their 
 guidance in the every-day duties of life. And the same voice which thus 
 reminds them of their various engagements, and is associated with all their 
 experience of enjoyment and woe, issued from the loopholes of the Church 
 belfrey in the same tones of sympath}^ when it addressed their distant fore- 
 fathers who are lost beyond the reach of ancestorial pedgirees." 
 
 There are interesting customs attached to nearly all Church 
 bells : thus, at Hedon is a peculiar custom for the oldest 
 
 * The initials SS are those of Samuel Smith, of the city of York, an eminent 
 bell-founder. Mr. Smith was a nephew of Mr. Grills, of York, whom Thoresby calls 
 * the famousest painter of glass perhaps in the world.' He was Sheriff of York in 1723. 
 
 t ' The Ecclesiastical Bill' An interesting paper by the Rev. Dr. Gatty, read at 
 Leeds in August, iH55. 
 
216 History of Hedon. 
 
 apprentice in the town to ring the great bell for half an hour 
 between half-past eleven and twelve in the forenoon on every 
 Shrove Tuesday, which is commonly called the " Pancake 
 Bell." Shrove Tuesday, or Pancake Tuesday, as it is fre- 
 quently called, being the vigil of Ash Wednesday, was a day 
 when everyone was bound to confess and to be shrove, or 
 shriven. That none might plead forgetfulness of this duty, the 
 great bell was rung at an early hour in every parish called the 
 " Pancake Bell." According to Bede the Saxons called 
 February ' Mensis Placentarum,' rendered by Spelman ^ Pan- 
 cake Month,' because in the course of it cakes were offered by 
 the Pagan Saxons to the sun. 
 
 The ^' passing bell " is tolled at Hedon either immediately 
 after death or on the evening before the funeral and it is the 
 custom, immediately after the bell has ceased to be tolled, for 
 the Sexton, in the case of a man, to strike the bell nine times ; 
 in the case of a woman six times ; and in the case of a child 
 three times. In some churches this ancient custom has sur- 
 vived : the tolling of the bell for the passing soul (according to 
 the Canon) in articulo mortis. Mr. Blackley considers that ^ to 
 toll a bell ' is an inaccurate way of saying ^ to tell a knell on a 
 bell.' It is the custom in some places, when the knell has 
 been rung, for some strokes to be sounded afarwards to indicate 
 the sex of the deceased; these strokes were counted, and thus the 
 knell was said to be ^ told,' or counted. The learned author of 
 Word Gossip thinks that the common saying ^ nine tailors 
 
Ecclesiastical H istory. 
 
 297 
 
 make a man ' is really ' nine tellers make a man,' alluding to 
 the nine strokes on the bell when a mail's knell is rung. An 
 old English homily for Trinity Sunday has this passage : 
 
 The fourme of tlie Tiinitie was founden in manne, that was Adam, 
 our forefadir of earth, one personne, and Eve of Adam, the secunde 
 persone, and of them bothe was the third persone. At the death of a manne 
 three bellis shoukle be ronge as liis kyull in worslii[)pe of the Triuitie, and 
 for a womanne, who was the secunde persone of the Trinitie, two bellis 
 should be rungen."* 
 
 The following curious order was made by the Corporation 
 and Churchwardens in 1687, relative to the tolling of the bells 
 in case of death : 
 
 " At this Sessions it is ordered by us, whose names are hereunto 
 written, that when any person shall happen to d^^e, for which there shall be 
 any of the bells rung, that before any of the bells shall be tolled, or rung, 
 the relation of the deceased, or other person concerned, shall pay to the 
 Churchwardens for the tyme beinge, for and towards maintayninge of the 
 bells belonginge to St. Augustine's Church, in Hedon, aforesaide, as is here- 
 after set downe and expressed, that is to say, for the first bellf sixpence, 
 the seconde bell one shilling, the thyrde bell two shillings, the fowerth bell 
 three shillings, the fyfth bell fower shillings, and the sixth, or greate bell, 
 fyve shillings. And it is further ordered that wh(n any person is to be 
 buried within this towne, betwyxt the nyne and twentieth day of September 
 and the fyve and twentieth day of March in winter the corpse shall be in 
 the Church befoie three of the clocke in the afternoon, and also betwyxt 
 the fyve and twentieth day of March and the nyne and twentieth day of 
 September in summer every corpse shall be in the Church before fower of 
 the clocke in the afternoon, or otherwise the relation, or other person con- 
 cerned, for the party deceased, and not beinge in the Church before the 
 aforesaide houres, to pay to the Churchwardens fyve shillings before the 
 corpse be received into the Church," 
 
 EOBT. OMBLER, Mair. 
 JOHN MEDLEY, Minister. 
 
 Churchwardens. 
 
 * Strutt's Sports and Pastimes. 
 
 t Now commonly called the < poor bell.* 
 
298 History of Hedon, 
 
 To this day the fee of the bell tolled is according to the 
 rank of the deceased, and the fee of the Sexton is regulated by 
 the bell which is tolled. 
 
 This distinction in the passing bell appears to be a very 
 ancient custom at Hedon, for in the account of William Bilton 
 and John Sturmy, keepers of the fabric of S. Augustine, 32 
 Henry VI., before mentioned, is the following item : 
 
 "And ij.s. received from divers persons for tolling the greate bell, viz., 
 for the obits of "Robert Batj, Katharine Bolton, Kobert Cromwell, and others, 
 this year." 
 
 A similar custom was, if not now, observed at St. Mary's 
 Church, Hull, as appears from the following extracts from 
 the registers there : 
 
 " 1642, Nov. 17. — John Jackson, surgeon, with grett bell buried." 
 
 1643, Nov. 7. — Metres Chambers, alderwoman, with great bell buried." 
 1643, Feby. 12. — Kebecca, ye d of Sir Mathew Boynton, in the quier 
 with the great bell."— Registers of St. Mary's, Hull * 
 
 It may be well to remark on the frequent misuse of 
 Church bells at the present day, although a merry peal is not 
 now commonly rung on the occasion of a cock fight, or a horse 
 race ; yet how frequently are the Church bells called into 
 requisition for rejoicings of a purely secular character. The 
 old rhymes express the lawful and proper use of Church bells : 
 
 ^' To call the folks to Church in time, 
 we chime. 
 
 When mirth and joy are on the wing, 
 we ring. 
 
 " When we lament a departed soul, 
 we toll." 
 
 * Archoeological Journal, vol. xii., pp. 468-91. 
 
Ecclesiastical History. 2 OB 
 
 There is also a set of chimes in the Church which were 
 presented to the town in the year 1812 by the then Members 
 of Parhament for the borough, George Johnstone, Esq., and 
 Anthony Browne, Esq., which play a tune on the bells every 
 day and night at nine, twelve, and six o'clock. The chimes, 
 together with the clock in the tower, are kept in order by the 
 Corporation, 
 
 Previous to 1860 the ringers were paid by the Corporation 
 an annual salary of eight guineas, for which they were required 
 to ring on the following days and occasions ^ Queen's birth- 
 day, Queen's accession. Queen's coronation, 29th May, 5th 
 November, Christmas eve and New Years' eve from 5 to 8 p.m. 
 Christmas morn and New Years' morn, the Archdeacon's visi- 
 tation, and the Archbishop's confirmation when held, on the- 
 Mayor choosing day from 8 to 10 a.m., and from 4 to 6 p.m. ; 
 and on each of the audit days from 8 to 11 a.m. 
 
 A set of hand-bells (37) was presented to the Church in 
 July, 1874, by the Kev. Charles Edward Cg^midge, M.A., 
 Eector of Wheldrake, for five years Vicar of Hedon, on condi- 
 tion 
 
 That they be rt-served for the sole use of the Hedon ringers for ever ; 
 that the Governor for the time being have the charge of them and report 
 once in every three months to the Churchwardens on their condition ; and 
 that the Wardens undertake, on behalf of themselves and their successors, 
 to maintain the same in due repair and tune."* 
 
 Symbolism. — St. Augustine's Church, like most other 
 
 • Board of Benefactions in the Church. 
 
300 
 
 History of Hedon. 
 
 Churches, abounds in symbolism. A writer in the Ecclesiologist 
 remarks - 
 
 " Symbolism is not the least interesting feature in the study of Churcli 
 Architecture. We enter tlie Church militant by Holy Ba^jtism, therefore 
 tlie font is placed by the entrance at the west end. A Churcli built upon 
 the foundation of the Apostles and Prophets, as the earthly building, rests 
 on the piers of the nave. We pass along the nave, keeping our eyes fixed 
 on the passion of Christ depicted in the great east window, and trusting to 
 the merits of His one great sacrifice as represented by the one altar, till we 
 arrive at the close of our life, imaged by the chancel arch. 'I'his we pass 
 through fnith, and thus enter the Cliurch triam})hant, re[)resented by the 
 chancel. The doors of the rood-screen represent death, as the entrance 
 from the nave (the Church militant) to the chancel (the Cliurch triumphant). 
 Tn accordance with this idea the doors of the rood-screen always open in- 
 wards and never outwards." 
 
 The rood screen in Hedon Church, which separated the 
 chancel from the transept, was removed at the time of the 
 restoration of the nave in 1877. 
 
 J^ENEFACTioNS. — The followiug table of Benefactions 
 formerly affixed to the east wall of the north transept, has been 
 recently renewed and is now placed in the vestry. 
 
 " The names of the Benefactors to the Corporation of Hedon : 
 Imps. Henr^ Guy, of Tring, in the County of Hartford, Esqr., wa^ 
 made a free burgess of this Corporation on the second day of August, 1669, 
 and was chosen Burgess of Parliament for this t)wn on the eighth day of 
 March following. He then gave twenty pounds a year to this Corporation 
 for ever to be thus disposed of : — To the Mayor for the time being, five 
 pounds; to the minister of the Church of S. Augustine, three pounds; to 
 be disposed of by the Mayor and Alderman of the town for the benefit of 
 tlie Corporation in paving the town streets, eight pounds ; to be given to 
 the Burgesses when they meet at the two Courts Leet held for this Corpora- 
 tion, twenty shillings each court ; to the poor of Hedon, two pounds. He 
 gave, at the time he was admitted a freeman of this town, a large silver cup 
 
Ecclesiastical History. 
 
 301 
 
 and silver salver. He gave a very large silver mace gilt. He gave a large 
 book of the Statute of England, in force from Magna Charta until ye xxii 
 year of the reign of King Charles the Second. He did at his own charge 
 procure the confirmation of a by-law for the recovering of the penalty of 
 sixty pounds of the person who was duly chosen mayor of this town, and 
 the penalty of forty pounds to be recovered by the same by-law of the 
 person, or persons, who was duly chosen ba^diff, or bayliffs, of this town, in 
 case they did refuse to take upon them the execution of their respective 
 offices. The same Henry Guy did, when this by-law was contested, defend 
 the same and recovered the penalty of the person who refused to stand the 
 office of mayor or bayliff. He also gave to this Corporation a set of 
 exchequer bell weights, made of brass. He, at his own charge, erected a 
 very large and convenient Town Hall for the Mayor, Aldermen, and Bur- 
 gesses to assemble in upon public business, in the j^ear 1693. 
 
 The gift of William Sagg, of this town, woollen draper to this Cor- 
 poration : — He gave one hundred pounds to this Corporation. 
 
 The gift of Christopher Hilyard, Esq., Kecorder of this Corporation : 
 — He gave a large cushion and pulpit cloth of gold for the use of S. Augus- 
 tine's Church in Hedon. 
 
 Sir Hugh Bethell, elected one of the Burgesses of Parliament for this 
 Corporation the fifth day of February, 1676. — He gave to the town fifty 
 pounds, to be disposed of as follows : To the Mayor and Aldermen, forty 
 pounds ; to the Burgesses, five pounds ; to the poor, five pounds. He also 
 gave to the poor of this town by his last will and testament fifty shillings a 
 year for ever, to be disposed of by the Mayor and Aldermen and Hugh 
 Bethell, Esq. 
 
 Charles Duncombe, of the City of London, Esquire, was made a free 
 Burgess and chosen Member of Parliament for this Corporation in the year 
 1685. — He gave to this Corporation one large silver flaggon. He gave four 
 new bells, and fifty pounds in money to defray the charges in casting the 
 old bell into two, to make six tuneable bells for S. Augustine's Church, in 
 Hedon. 
 
 Sir Francis Leigh, Knt., at his own charge, caused new brick walls to 
 be made about S. Augustine's Churchyard in the year of our Lord, 1693. 
 He also, in the same year, gave new chimes in the same Church. 
 
 Matthew Appleyaed, Esq., Member of Parliament in the year 1689, 
 gave ft large silver tankard to this Corporation. 
 
302 History of Hedon. 
 
 William Pulteney, Esq., (Earl of Bath,) Member of Parliament for tliis 
 Corporation, did, in the year 1709, at his own charge, beautifie and adorn 
 this Church, the minister's pew and pulpit, and two pews belonging to the 
 Aldermen and Alderwomen, with other ornaments in this Church. He also 
 at his own charge did, in the year 1733, erect and set up a very useful and 
 convenient market house, in the market place of Heddon. 
 
 The HoNBLE. George Berkeley, Esqr., was, in the year of our Lord 
 God, 1734, made a free Burgess and elected Member of Parliament for this 
 Corporation. He did, at his own charge, set up a beautiful new altar piece 
 in the quire of the Church, where none was before, and made a new altar 
 table, new rails, and new seats in the same quire. He also gave a velvet 
 cover for the altar table, and two cushions all Imbossed with gold. He 
 also gave sixty-three pounds in money to be laid out for the good of this 
 Corporation, and also gave several other sums of money, which was, by his 
 order, distributed for the relief of the poor of this town in winter time in 
 the years 1739 and 1740. 
 
 Sir Francis Boynton, of Agnes Burton, Baronet, was, in the year 1734, 
 elected Member of Parliament for this Borough. He gave to this Corpora- 
 tion the sum of fifty pounds to be laid out for the beautifying the inside of 
 this Church, which was applied in making a new pulpit reading desk of 
 wainscott, and in paveing the Church fio or and the quier floor with hand- 
 some Holland paveing, and several other ornaments and painting work in 
 the Church. 
 
 George Johnstone, Esqr. and Anthony Brown, Esq., Members in 
 Parliament for this Borough, gave to the Church a set of new chimes in the 
 year 1812, They also, the same year, gave two hundred pounds towards 
 building eight houses for old burgesses. 
 
 LATE BENEFACTIONS.-— In the year 1817 Edmund Turton, Esqr., 
 of Larpool Hall, on being presented with the freedom of this Borough, 
 gave for the use of the Burgesses two hundred guineas ; and at the same 
 time gave to this Church a large and handsome communion cup. 
 
 A set of hand-bells — 37 in number — was presented to S. Augustine's 
 Church by the Kevd. Charles Edward Camidge, M.A., Eector of Wheld- 
 rake, for five years Vicar of Hedon, on condition that they be reserved for 
 the sole use of the Hedon ringers for ever. That the Governor, for the 
 time being, have the charge of them and report once in every three 
 months to the Churchwardens on their condition ; and that the wardens 
 
Ecclesiastical History. SOS 
 
 undertake, on behalf of themselves and their successors, to maintain the 
 same in due repair and tune. — July, 1874. 
 
 The Churchyard was formerly confined to the south side of 
 the Church, When the Vicarage house, which stood on the 
 north side of the Church, was pulled down, the site, together 
 with the road between it and the Church, were added to the 
 Churchyard. The present graveyard, on the north side of the 
 Church, which was consecrated by the Archbishop of York in 
 1869, has since been extensively used for interments. 
 
 The are several monuments and memorial stones in the 
 Churchyard, both on the north and south sides of the Church, 
 to the memory of several former principal inhabitants, notably 
 the Eev. John Fox, Aldermen Hornby, Kirk, Wright, and 
 Iveson, the Town Clerk, Dr. John Cautley, Mr« Wm. Thomas 
 White and Mrs. White, Mr. William Watson and Mrs. Wat- 
 son, etc., etc. 
 
 " The tyrant Death his trophies here hath spread, 
 His triumphs are in each memorial read." 
 
 Down to the middle of the eighteenth century a strong 
 prejudice existed to burying on the north side of Churches. 
 That portion of the Churchyard (frequently called the ^ Devirs 
 portion ') was appropriated to suicides and excommunicated 
 persons. 
 
 " Grae dig a grave baith wide and deep — 
 A grave to hand baith him an' me — 
 And lay Christie Greame on the sunny side, 
 For I'm sure he's got the victory."* 
 
 * Old Ballad. ~~ 
 
304 History of Hedon. 
 
 The superstitious objection to burial on the north side of 
 the Church is referred by Mr. Moncure Conway, in his work on 
 Demonologyy to the belief formerly prevalent in northern 
 Europe, that the north was the dwelling place of demons. It 
 may seem strange to find the nature demons of a conquered 
 Paganism lurking under the very shadow of the Church tower, 
 but the explanation is not far to seek ; the belief that human 
 affairs were subject to diabolical intervention was strongly held 
 in early and medieval times, and, accordingly, dethroned 
 Deities and Demons of the old religions readily found place 
 under Christianity as Devils. 
 
 This brief allusion to the Churchyard, that * boundless 
 realm of peace,' the climax of all earthly joys and sorrows, 
 forms a not unfitting conclusion to the Ecclesiastical History 
 of Hedon. 
 
 FINIS. 
 
(-?tan 
 
 — ^^—Z^^ 
 
INDEX. 
 
 AcHON, Ralph, 79 
 
 Adam, Rev. — , Vicar, 268 
 
 Agnes Burton, 302 
 
 Albemarle, Baldwin, Earl of, 3, 13, 210; 
 
 Hawise, Comitess of, 4, 13 ; Wm. le Gross, 
 
 Earl of, 29 
 Alford, John, 145, 146; Sir Lancelot, 146 
 Alderman's Oath, 60 
 Alkharowe, Rich., 222 
 Allanson, Rev. Wm., Vicar, 268 
 Almoner, Robt., 95 
 Alnewyk, John, 448 
 Alnewyk, Wm. de, 249, 256 
 Alured, John, 151-154, 216, Silver Goblet 
 
 presented by, 126, 153 ; Col. Matth., 154, 
 
 Silver Goblet presented by, 127, 154 ; 
 
 Thos., 151, 152 
 Alured' s Close, 216 
 Anchon, John, 74, 75 
 
 Anderson, Chas., 119 ; John, 82, 83, 84 ; 
 
 Wm., 85 
 Andrew, Wm., Glover, 92, 93 
 Anson, George, Lord, M.P., 101, 139, 172 
 Apeland Cross, -42 
 Apostle Spoons, 127 
 Appleton, Rich., 271 
 
 Appleyard, Francis, 157 ; Matthew, 161 ; Sir 
 Matthew, 156, 157, 161 ; Presents a 
 Tankard, 126, benefaction of, 301 ; Thos., 
 156 
 
 Ardueologia, quoted, 126 
 Arnold, Walter, 254 
 
 Askham, Caroline, 293 ; Ellen, 293 ; Thos., 
 
 115, 116, 293 
 Ashmole, Wm., 289 
 Astley, Sir J. D., Bart., 242 
 Athelstan, King, 129 ; Visit to Hedon, 11, 12 
 Atkinson, Christopher, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181 
 Awgrum, Robt., 73, 74 
 
 Baildon, John, 73, 74 
 Bailey, Rev. R. K., Vicar, 276 
 Bailitf's Oath, 60 
 Bailiffs, List of, 65 
 
 Baillie, Col. John, 111, 185-188; admitted a 
 freeman, 110 ; elected M.P., 188 
 
 Baines, Samuel, 92, 94, 98, 271 ; his Half- 
 peny, 94 ; Wm., 96, 97, 132, 287, 288 
 
 Rakesters, 210 
 
 Balding, Mary, 230 
 
 Ballasis, Thos., 78 
 
 Bangor, 275 
 
 Bannister, Anth., 118, 196 
 Baptist Chapel, 240 
 
 Barber, C. C, Judge, 241 ; EUzabeth, 89 ; 
 
 Peter, 89 ; Wm., 221 
 Barbour, Lawrence, 68 
 Barchard, John, 69, 70, 71 
 Barford, Wilts., 160 
 Barick, Rev. Wm., Vicar, 268 
 Barker, John, 96, 98, 100, 264 ; John (Hull), 
 
 259; Robt., 100, 249; Thos., 102,103; 
 
 Wm., 67 
 Barmston, 149, 159 
 
 Barnard, M.A. (Hull), 90 ; Chas. E. G., 73 ; 
 
 Elizabeth, 159; John, 159; Thos., 69, 
 
 70-72 ; Wm., 73 
 Barnard Garth, 70 
 
 Barne, Ralph, 82; Richard, 86, 87, 90, 94, 
 
 95, 97, 263 
 Barrow-upon-Humber, 172 
 Bartlemew, John, 70, 71 
 Barton, Thos., 84 
 Bate, Rev. Walter, Vicar, 268 
 Baty, Alice, 260 ; Robert, 222, 298 
 Bawde, Thos., 213, 252 
 Bawdrick, 281 
 Baxter, Wm., 223 
 Beadell, Wm., 101-104 
 Beal, Aid., 82 
 Beale, Roger, 75 
 Beck, John, 193 
 Bedale, Yorks., 178 
 'Bede' Houses, 124, 204 
 Bede-house or Bede-man gate, 204 
 Bedell, Benj., 106, 290 ; Ehzabeth, 291 ; John, 
 
 104, 106, 107, 109, 184, 291 
 Bedingfield, Sir Henry, 163 ; Sir Ro^jt., 163 
 Bedwell, His Honour Judge, 241 
 Bcedall, Philip, 99, 100 
 Beer, Assize of, 32 
 Bell, Roger, 74 
 
 Bell-ringers' salary ceased, 118 
 Bells, 294-299 
 Benefit Societies, 239 
 Benewell, Wm., 72 
 Benne, Wm., 223 
 
 Beimingbon ( BennyngLou), Bea,jrice, 67; 
 
 John, 66, 67; Richard, 83; Robt., 67-69; 
 
 Roland, 83 
 Benson, Thos., 69, 70 
 
 Berkeley, Chas., Earl of, 170,171,173; Hon. 
 Geo., 170, 171, benefactions of, 302, 
 presents a keel to the Corporation, 101 
 
306 
 
 Index. 
 
 Bernard, Hugh, 70, 222; John, 70, 73; 
 Lucie, 70 
 
 Berry, EUz., 287; Jeremiah, 287 
 
 Bethell, Rev. Dr., 275 ; Hugh, 96, 155, 162, 
 163 ; Sir Hugh, 155, 156, 158, 159, 162, 
 benefactions to Hedon, 301, his charity, 
 255, death, 236 ; John, 162 ; Roger, 155 ; 
 Wm., Minutes of the Hold. Agric. Soc,, 
 quoted, 230 
 
 Bethell's Charity, 235 
 
 Betun, Baldwin de, 14 
 
 Beverley, 11, 86, 90, 117, 129, 138, 141, 145, 
 155, 170, 220; Grammar School, 102; 
 Percy Shrine, 285 ; St. John's Church, 
 12, 129, 146 
 
 Beverley Parks, 141 
 
 Bedwicke, Holderness, 144 
 
 Bexley, Kent, 277 
 
 Billin, Wm., 68 
 
 Bilton, Thos., 249 ; Wm.. 67, 68, 216, 251, 
 
 258, 259, 298. 
 'Black Death,' visitation of, 5 
 Blanchard, Robt., 83, 86, 87, 89, 94 ; Wm., 101 
 Blenkin, Mrs. Mary, 238 
 Blyda, W. de, vicar of Hedon, 268 
 BUthe, John, 258 
 
 Bolton, Anne, 234; John, 76; Kath., 298; 
 
 Michael, 233; Robt., 67, 233; Thos., 76, 
 
 77 ; Wm., 235 ; Rev. Wm., 260 
 Bolton Castle, 140 
 
 Bonfrey, Ehzeous, 84, 85, 88, 89, 90, 92-97 ; 
 
 presented for killing a bull unbaited, 206 
 Bonsell, Benj., 292; David, 292; Mary, 292 
 Booker, Anne, 288; Elizabeth, 287, 288; 
 
 Nicholas, 86, 93, 95, 96, 97, 287, 288 
 Booth, Edw., 230 ; Pricilla, 230 
 Boreas Hill, 230 
 Boroughbridge, 150 
 
 Botild, Hugh, grant to Warner de Preston, 
 
 220 ; John, de Hedon, 220 
 Bower, Rich., 264 
 Boye, Wm., 66 
 
 Boyce, Geo., 293 ; Rev. Henry, 293 
 Boynton, Elizabeth, 159 ; Sir Eras., 159, 170, 
 171, his benefactions, 302; Sir Matth., 
 149, 298; Rebecca, 298; Robt., 71; Sir 
 Wm., 159 
 Boynton, 153, 154 
 
 Bracebridge, John, 84; Rich., 80; Thos., 81, 
 83, 93 
 
 Bradley, Elizabeth, excommunicated, 272 
 
 Bradstone, Devon., 155 i 
 
 Brandesburton, 195 
 
 Brankley, Amelia, 293 
 
 Bread, Assize of, 32 
 
 Brevere, Drogo de, 12 
 
 Brice, Hugh, 72 
 
 Brick-^ard, 114 
 
 Bridgenorth, 275 
 
 Broadhurst, John, admitted a freeman, 110, 
 elected M.P., 184 
 
 Brockes, Robt., 83, 84 
 Brocklebank, Geo., 81 ; Leonard, 81 
 Brocklesby, Lines., 156 
 Brough, John, 95, 97 
 
 Brown, Henry, "John Coomber's Cross," 
 197-200 ; Thos., 106, 107, 109 ; Wm., 117 
 
 Browne, Anthony, 181-186, 231 ; admitted a 
 freeman, 109 ; Belis presented by, 299 
 
 Bucklemaker, 210 
 
 Bull-baiting, 205, 206; Aid. Bonfrey, pre- 
 sented for killing a bull unbaited, 206 ; 
 Bull-ring, 205 
 
 Buller, Rich., 76 ; Rev. Thos., vicar, 268 
 
 Burchard, — , 246 
 
 Burgage-houses, 109, 110, 210 
 
 Burgh, Frances, 213 ; Leonard, 98, 99 ; 
 Matthew, 97, 98, 213 ; Wm., 101-104 
 
 Burn's " Souter Johnny," quoted, 201 
 
 Burringham, Lines., 294 
 
 Burstwick, 2, 18, 118, 195, 205, 230 ; Manor 
 of, 19, 22, 26, 33; South Park, 156; 
 Tottelay Park, 69 
 
 Burstwick Garth, 156 
 
 Burstwick Road, 223 
 
 Burstall, John, 82-85, 96, 105-109, 184, 264, 
 290; Joseph, 298; Lydia, 290; Robt., 88, 
 92-96, 101 ; Wm., 84, 85, 87, 88, 92, 94, 
 96, 98, 99, 263, 264 
 
 Burton, John, 73, 255; Mary, ; Stephanus 
 de, 65, 138; Thos., 83, 85, 86, 88., Wm. 
 de, 65 
 
 Burton Agnes, 159, 170 
 
 Burton Constable, 141, 189, 240; Kilnsea 
 
 Cross removed to, 211 
 Burton Pidsea, 290 
 Butler, John, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80 
 Butt, Rev. John, M.A., vicar, 272 
 Butler, J. E., Silver Cup presented by, 127 
 
 Calais, 152 
 
 Camden, John, Bnttania quoted, 3, 4 
 
 Camera, Wm. de, 70 
 
 Cameron, 149, 150 
 
 Camerynton, John de, 17, 19 
 
 Camidge, Rev. C. E., (Bp. of Bathurst), 
 appointed vicar, 276-277, 281, bells pre- 
 sented by, 299, 302 ; consecrated Bp. of 
 Bathurst, 277 ; Rev. Canon, 277 
 
 Caneford, 14 
 
 Cannam, Robt., 89 
 
 Cards, Robt., 249 
 
 Carliolo, Rev. W. de, vicar, 268 
 
 Carlton, Sir John de, 17 
 
 Carlton Towers, 152 
 
 Carriage, 30 
 
 Carrick, Robert, 122 
 
 Carrington, Lord, 179, admitted a freeman, 
 108 
 
 Carter, Thos., 222 
 
 Cartwright's Chapters of Yorkshire Hist., 
 quoted, 86 
 
Index. 
 
 307 
 
 Castre, Simon de, 249, 250 
 
 Catholic Chapel, 108, 210, 239 . 
 
 Cattle Plague at Heclon, 6, 120 
 
 Cautley, Henry, 113, 119, 290; John, 290; 
 
 Dr. John, 303 ; Mary Anne, 290 ; Ehoda 
 
 A., 290 
 Cave Castle, 73 
 
 Cecil, Sir Robt., Letter from Hedon Corpor- 
 ation to, 147-148 
 
 Chaffer, Wm. J., 117 
 
 Chamberlaine, Geo., 75 
 
 Chamberlain's Oath, 62 
 
 Chambers, John, 101, 102 ; Meta, 298 
 
 Champney, Elizabeth, 292 
 
 Chapman, Beatrice, 247 ; Geo., 81, 82, 83 ; 
 Peter, 81, 82, 255 ; Robt., 246 ; Wm., 67 
 
 Charities, 231 
 
 Charles II., Charter granted by, 37-38 
 
 Charter, Henry II. 's, 13 
 
 Charterhouse, Hull, 151 
 
 Charters granted to Hedon, 37 
 
 Chaytor, Wm., 177, 178, 179 ; Wm. Jun., 178 
 
 Cheney, Wm., 233, 234, 235 
 
 Child, John, 73, 74 
 
 Chiswick, 162 
 
 Cholera, 115 ; public Prayer held, 115 
 Cholmley, Hugh, 167, 168, 169 
 Christ church, 137 
 Churchwarden's Oath, 61 
 Chute, Pras., 166, 171, 172 
 Civis, Rich., 138 
 Claiton, John, 88, 89, 90 
 Clapham, Robt., 74 ; Wm., 290 
 Clappinson, Thos., 104, 105 
 Clarence, Duke of, 243 
 Clarendon, Earl of, 187 
 
 Clark, Rev. H. L., vicar, 277; Rev. John, 
 289 ; Rosamond, 289 ; Rev. Thos., vicar, 
 268; Wm., 257 
 
 Clayton, Ralph, 132, 133, 134 
 
 Cleobury, Sir John, 155 
 
 Clerc, Margaret, Will of, 257 
 
 Clerk, Wm., 222 
 
 Cleve, Wm., 65 
 
 Cleveland, Chas., 75 ; Christ., 76 ; John, 
 75-77 
 
 Clifford, Ann, bequest to Bede-houses, 232 ; 
 
 her charity, 236 ; monument of, 289 ; 
 
 Aid. Robt. 104, 105, 110, 236, 289 
 Clough, Edward, Goldsmith, 255 
 Coal Metage, 118 
 Coates, Frances, 95 ; Richard, 95 
 Cobham, Geo., 142 
 
 Cockerill, Ann, 289 ; John, 264, 289, his 
 
 charity, 238 ; Lawrence, 96, 97, 289 
 Coke, Clement, 149 ; Sir Edward, 149 
 "Cokes," 203 
 Coleman, John, 72 
 Coling, John, 71 
 
 Colley, Isaac, 286, 292 ; Mary, 286, 292 
 Collins, John, 116 
 
 Collinson, Edward, 87, 88, 103-105 ; Leonard, 
 
 81, 99 ; Rich., 82, 83 
 Common Clerk's Oath, 62 
 Con, Robt., 76, 77 
 
 Constable, Cath., see Moore; Sir F. A. T., 
 141; Sir Plenry, 144, 145, 147; Henry, 
 Baron Constable and Vise. Dunbar, 146 ; 
 Sir John, 140, 141, 143, 195 ; Sir John, 
 Jun., 142-144 ; Margaret, 140 ; Marm., 
 144; Ralph, 78, 79; Sir Robt., 202; Sir 
 T. A. C, 112, 189, 190 ; becomes a free- 
 man, 112; Sir T. H. C, 189; Wm., 
 Kilnsea Cross removed by, 211 
 
 Conyngston, John, Will of, 247 
 
 Cook, Lawrence, 261 
 
 Cookman, Thos., 78-80 
 
 Cooks and Spit-turners, 101 
 
 Coote, Sir Chas., 172 
 
 Corporate Property, 124 
 
 Corporation, Constitution of, 42-43 
 
 Ordinances for election of officers, 43-62 
 Town Councillors, first election of, 64 ; 
 Seals, 26 
 
 Corporation Plate, 124 
 
 Cotes, Wm. de, 65 
 
 Court, County, held at Hedon, 240, 241, 242 
 
 Court Leet, 158 
 
 Craven, John, 132, 133, 134 
 
 Croft, Yorks., 178 
 
 Croftes, Agnes, 72; John, 72, 73, 209; 
 
 Rich., 246; Thos., 72, 209 
 Cromwell, Mary, 162; Oliver, 154, brief 
 
 granted to Hedon by, 90; Robt., 201, 
 
 298 ; Wm., 68, 69, 70 
 Crownerer's (Coroner's) Oath, 60 
 Cuniber, John of, 197 
 Cussons, Wm., 98, 99 
 Custom House, 202 
 Cuthbert, Rich., 141, 142 
 
 Dade's MSS., quoted, 9, 271 
 Dailes, John, 100 
 Dales, John, 101 ; Wm., 101 
 Dalton, Wm., 261 
 Dalton Holme, 145 
 Dandson, John, 66 
 Daniel, John P., 287 
 Danson, John, 223 
 Danthorpe, 116 
 Darley, Rich., 255, 260 
 Darrell, Sir Lionel, 178, 179, 180 
 Davison, Anne, 230 ; Geo., 224 ; John, 193, 
 222, 230, 234 ; Wm., 93, 96. 97, 262, 263 
 Davyson, John, 78 
 
 Dawson, Town Clerk, 166 ; Peter, 102 ; 
 Thos., 269 
 
 Day, John, 114, 116, 118, 119 ; John C, 110, 
 111; Robt., 65; Wm., 105-109, 111, 112- 
 115, 117, 118 
 Denis, Capt., Sir P., 174, 175, 176 
 De Foe's Description of Hedon, 191 
 
808 
 
 Index. 
 
 Dene, John, 222 ; Wm., 249 
 Denison, Wm., 92, 93 
 
 Dennison, David, 294 ; Geo., 294 ; Mary, 294 
 
 Denton, Cuthbert, 80, 81 
 
 Denton, 149, 150 
 
 Devon, W. de V., Earl of, 14 
 
 Digby, Sir Everard, 148 ; Sir John, 147, 148 ; 
 
 Sir Kenelm, 148 
 Dixon, Henry, 293 ; H. M., 293 ; J., 293 ; 
 
 Rev. John, vicar, 272, 273 ; Thos., 81 
 Domesday Book, 2 
 Doncaster, 86, 90 
 
 Doran's Our Great Towns, quoted, 193 
 
 Donne, John, 72 
 
 Douthwaite, Robt., 80, 81 
 
 Dove, Rev. John, vicar, 262, 263, 269, 
 
 270 ; Mary, 269 
 Dover, 170 
 Downton, 165 
 
 Dring, Francis, 96, 97, 98 ; John, 101 ; Nath., 
 98, 99; Nicholas, 104-107, 109; Thos., 
 102, 103, 106-109 ; Wm., 104 
 
 Drogo, Earl, 214, 221; Lady Albina, 214, 
 221 
 
 " Drovers," 203 
 Drynghow, John de, 17 
 
 Dunbar, Lord, claims memorial rights in 
 Hedon, 42 
 
 Duncombe, Anthony, 163 165, 167; Anthony, 
 Lord Feversham, 163 ; Chas., 183, 184 ; 
 Sir Chas., 160, 165, 183, 184, benefac- 
 tions, 301, gift of Bells, 294, Silver Flagon, 
 160 ; Sir Chas. S, 183 
 
 Duncombe Park, Yorks., 183 
 
 Dunne, Robt., 70 
 
 Durham, Wm., 69 
 
 Dybeck, Gabrielle, 78 
 
 Dyer, J., 84 
 
 Eaele, Ann, 88 ; George, 88 
 
 Ecclesiastical History, 244 
 
 Edgar, Rev. Fras., vicar, 269 
 
 Edward I., 136 137, 220, precept granted by, 
 17 ; Edward II., 245 ; Edward III., 
 Charters granted by, 18, 21-24, 25-33; 
 Edward VI., 125, 136, 139 
 
 Edwyne, Oswyree, 235 
 
 Eggleston, Thos., 113, 114, 115, 117, 118, 
 119 
 
 Eland, Sir John, 251 
 Elections at Hedon, 112 
 Elderton, Edward, 140 
 Ellerker, Jane, 79 ; Sir Ralph, 79 
 Ellerton, John, 222 
 Elliott, Jas., 290 
 
 Ellis, Matthew, 106, 107, 108, 109 
 Elsham, 242 
 Elstronwick, 223 
 
 Elwyn, (Elwine), Gerard, 75; Henry, 83; 
 John, 66, 67, 71, 73, 74, 79, 80, 235, 255 ; 
 Peter, 71, 72 
 
 Elwin Bridge, 89 
 Eloytson, Thos., 82 
 Emerson, Mr., 101 
 Enderson, Wm., 77, 79 
 Ernis, Robt., 19 
 Escrick Park, 176 
 Esk, 117 
 
 Esthorp, Elizabeth, 66 
 Etherington, Rich., 88 
 Everingham, Penrose, 121 
 Excommunications in Hedon, 272 
 
 Faiebabne, Fkances, see Coates, Mrs. ; Robt., 
 
 94, 95; Wm., 94 
 Fairfax, Lord, 91 ; Sir Thos., Baron, 149- 
 
 151 
 
 Fairs, 40 ; Fairs and Markets, 220 ; grant by 
 Chas. II., 221 ; Cattle Fair closed, 120 ; 
 Holyrood Fair, 223, 226-228; Proclam- 
 ation read at, 227 ; Magdalen Fair, 223 ; 
 Song on, 224-225 ; Mayor's Feasts, 128 
 Ringing Day Fair, 223, 228 
 
 Farbridge, John, 102, 103, 104, 264 
 
 Farrand, Robt., 185-190, admitted a freeman, 
 111 ; elected M.P., 112 
 
 Fauconburgh, Thos., Earl of, 162 ; Countess 
 of, 162 
 
 Faulconberg, Wm. de, 17 
 
 Fearne, Rich., 103 
 
 Feasts, £40 allowed by Corporation for, 
 110 ; Mayor's allowance to, discontinued, 
 118 
 
 Fenwick, Jas. W., 112 
 
 Feversham, Anthony, Lord, 163 ; C.S., 
 
 Lord, 183 
 Fewlass, Thos. John, 238 
 Fewson, Arthur, 209; Thos., 74 
 Fisher, Chas., 74 ; Christopher, 74 
 Fiteling, John de, 69 
 Fitz Oubern's, Alan, Hospital, 194 
 Fleshewer, John, 223 
 Fletam, Widmarket gate, 254 
 Flete, River, 256 
 Flinton, Walter de, 69 
 Forestalling, meaning of, 221 
 Fort William, 187 
 Fosham, Wm. de, 69 
 Foster, John, 119 
 Fotherbie, Eras., 79, 80 
 Fortibus, Wm. de, Lord of Holderness, 13 
 Fowle, Thos., 264 
 Fox, Rev. John, vicar, 275, 303 
 Frankis, John, 65 ; Robt., 65 
 Frankland, Frances, 162 ; Sir Thos.. 162 
 Freeman, Thos., Tanner, 222, 223 
 Frith, Jas., Sergeant-at-Mace, 100 
 Fryston, Wm., 70 
 Fryth, Thos., 81, 82 
 Furnace, John, 223 
 Furnas, Rich., 254, 256 ; Wm., 69-71 
 Furns, Wm. de, 69 
 
Index. 
 
 309 
 
 Gaire, Rich., 222 
 
 Gait, Edw., 234; Elizabeth, 234; Frances, 
 234; Henry, 234; Sir Henry, 233-235; 
 Lady, 234 ; John, 234 ; Marie, 234 
 
 Gannock, 216 
 
 Gardiner, Lord Chancellor, 141 
 
 Garforth, Edward W., 118; Jos., Town 
 
 Clerk, 109, 116 
 Garton, Rich., 98, 99, 264 
 Gas Lamps erected, 118 
 Gas Light and Coke Co., 117, 118, 196, 197 
 Gathy, Rev. Dr. on Bells, 295 
 Gaunt, Robt., 235 
 
 Gawtrie, Brian, 87, 88, 93 ; presented for not 
 
 coming to Church, 87 
 German, John, 65 
 Gibson, Benia, 297 ; Chas., 110-112 
 Gillowe, Rev. Robt., vicar, 268 
 Gills, M., 295 
 Glastonbury, 137 
 Glave, Wm., 234 
 Gloster, Ralph de, 69 
 Glover, Andrew, 222, 223 
 Goldman, Stephen, 65, 247 
 Goole, 290 
 
 Gorwood, Benj., 99, 102 
 
 Gothurst, 148 
 
 Gouche, Robert, 140 
 
 Gould well, John, 142 
 
 Gouxhill, John del, 18 ; Robt. de, 195 
 
 Gower, Rich., 18 
 
 Grab Lane, 210 
 
 Graham, Sir Reginald, 101 
 
 Grape Lane, 210, 215, 254 
 
 Green, John, 76 ; Joseph, 98-100 
 
 Gresam, Thos., 90 
 
 Greville, Eulke, Baron Brooke, 144, 145 ; 
 
 Sir Fulke, 144 
 Grice, David, 109 
 Grindell, Wm., 83 
 
 Gross' Gild Merchant, quoted, 14, 29, 31, 135, 
 221 
 
 Grymeston, Wm. de, 17, 18 
 
 Guild of Butcher's, 131 ; Shoemaker's, 131 ; 
 
 Holyrood, 260 ; Taylor's, 131, Ordinances 
 
 of, 132-134 
 Gumley, Saml., 173, 174, 175 
 Gunny, Rich., 69 
 
 Guy, Henry, 97, 157-161, 164, 206-2G8 ; Cup 
 presented by, 158, benefactions to Hedon, 
 300, 301 ; bequest to Vicar, 239 ; Mace pre- 
 sented by 125, 158; Town Hall erectedby, 97 
 
 Gyles, Rev. Robt., vicar, 268 
 
 Hall's Hut. of South Cave, quoted, 73 
 Halsham, 95,"l40, 189, 195 
 Hammermen, Company of, 101 
 Hanse, 31 
 
 Hansley, Henry, 109, 110, 111 ; John, 107 
 Harcourt, Rev. Canon, 267 ; Mrs., grant to 
 Vicarage, 267 
 
 Hardie, Robt., 71, 72 ; Thos., 73, 74 
 Harland, Rich., 89 ; Thos., 106 
 Harpham, 195 
 Harphoe, 194 
 
 Harrington, Stephen, 76, 77 
 Harrison, Thos., 98, 99 
 Haworth-Booth, Lt.-Col., B. B., 96 
 Haydon, see Hedon 
 Hayman, Wm., 72 
 Haymor, Wm., 73 
 
 Headon, Brian, 79, 80 ; John, 79 ; Thos., 80 
 Headon see Hedon 
 Hebblethwaite, Thos. , 93 
 Hedon, Baron, 166 ; Hugh de, 280 ; Simon 
 de, 14 
 
 Hedon (Haydon, Headon), 1, 86, 125, 127, 
 129, 132, 136, 138, 144, 157, 191, 221, 237, 
 238 ; Albina's Tomb, 214 ; Aldgate, 192 ; 
 Applegarth Close, 261 ; Bailiffs, office 
 ceases, 119; Baker's Street, 250; Baxter 
 Gate, 86, 124, 209, 210, 212, 215, 230. 240, 
 287; Beastgarth, 121; Bede Houses, 232 ; 
 Bedlam Street, 204, 205, 208; Borough 
 disfranchised, 190 ; Burgage Houses, 183, 
 192, 231 ; Butchergate, 215 ; Catbrig, 215 ; 
 Church Clock taken over by Corporation, 
 121 ; Church Lane, 208, 215 ; Church 
 rent Street, 206; Cobbler's gate, 201; 
 Councillors first elected, 119 ; Cross 
 in Market Place, 93 ; Far Bank, 112, 218; 
 Fleshmarketgate, 247, 248 ; Fletchergate, 
 192, 208, 209, 215, 250, 251, 288; Flete, 
 247; "Futty," or Foothead garth 238; 
 Fullers' Way, 215; George Street, 111, 
 210, 240; Governor's Garth, 201; Gov- 
 ernor's House, 215 ; Grammar Scholars, 
 249 ; Haven, 104, 108, 191, 209, 218, 263, 
 264, 267 ; Haven Bonds, 124 ; Dues, 219 ; 
 Mayor's "Met,;' 220; Highbrig, 215; 
 Holyrood House, 210 ; Improvement Act 
 passed, 119 ; Lanbrig, 215 ; Levergate, 
 215 ; Lithergate, 200 ; Lowgate, 192 ; 
 Magdalengate, 205, 212, 215, 240 ; Mag- 
 dalen Hill, 205, 212, 239, 246, 252 ; Mag- 
 dalen Lane, 212 ; Marketgate, 220 ; 
 Market Hill, 6, 40, 116, 121, 122, 202, 205, 
 213-215, 221, 265, 273,296; Marketplace, 
 111, 121, 166, 205, 206, 210, 215 ; Merry- 
 man's Close, 82, 216 ; Patriotic Fund, 
 Corporation subscription to, 117; Payn- 
 ter's Alms Houses, 132, 192, 231 ; Raike's 
 Closes, 215 ; Ryding Hall, 213. 
 St. Augustine's Church, 127, 158, 160, 
 213, 221, 245, 252, 254, 257 260; Bene- 
 factions to, 300 ; Chantry of St. Mary 
 Magdalen, 212, 213, 246, 248, 251-256, 
 259; Description of, 278-286; Glebe 
 House, 265 ; Lectern, 286 ; Living of, 
 262-263, 265; Lighted with Gas, 115; 
 Monuments, 287 ; Organ, 286 ; Painter's 
 bequest, 234 ; Rood Screen, 300 ; St. 
 
810 
 
 Index. 
 
 iEgidius's Altar, 259 ; Sykes's bequest 
 to, 281 ; Symbolism, 299-300 ; Stained 
 Glass, 285-286; Terrier of Glebe Lands, 
 264; Vicarage built, 267, 273; Vicars, 
 List of, 268-278. 
 St. Austin'sgate, 40, 124, 206, 208, 221, 238 
 St. James's Church, 209, 245, 250, 251 
 St. James's Close, 209, 216, 250; Garth, 81 
 St. John's Church, 208, 245, 251 
 St. John's Street, 208 ; St. John's gate, 
 215 
 
 St. Mary and St. Joseph's Churches, 239 
 St. Nicholas's Church, 209, 245, 246; 
 
 Rents, Legacies, and Gifts, 247, 248 ; 
 
 Expenses, 247-249; Churchyard, 216; 
 
 Feast of, 222 
 Sheriff-Brigg, 209; Sheriff-Brig house, 
 
 72; Sheriff -highway, 209, 250, 251; 
 
 Souttergate, 78, 121, 124, 192, 193, 201- 
 
 205, 215, 232 ; Streets first lighted with 
 Gas, 196; Swinegate, 111, 210, 215, 
 273 ; Swine Lane, 240 ; Town end, 194 
 
 Town Hall, 96, 97, 115, 118, 124, 158, 192, 
 
 206, 207, 213, 234, 235; Ball-room, 114; 
 County Court held, 240, 241 
 
 Town's rent, 124 ; "Walkergate, 215 ; 
 Watergarth, 108; Westgate, 208, 209, 
 280; Westlands, 112, 124, 261, 263; 
 Cowgaitsin, 121; Winegate, 215; Wood- 
 marketgate, 209, 220; Wychcroft, 215 
 
 Helmsley. 160 
 
 Helot, John, 257 
 
 Hemynson, Wm., 248 
 
 Henrison, Wm., 67 
 
 Henry III., grant of Charter, 14 
 
 Henry IV., Charter granted by, 35 
 
 Henry V., Charter granted by, 35 
 
 Herminge, Robt., 235 
 
 Heron, John, 118, 119 
 
 Hewitt, Wm., 265 
 
 Hewson, Christopher, 73 ; George, 109 
 Hey don, see Hedon 
 Hibbert, Rev. Henry, vicar, 269 
 Hide, Geo., 255, 260 
 
 Hildyard, Christopher, 143-147, 149-151, 156, 
 
 164, benefactions of, 201 ; gift of Seal, 29 ; 
 
 Christ., jun., 145; Henry, 155, 156; 
 
 Martin, 143 ; Richard, 145 ; R. C, 240 ; 
 
 Sir Robt., 163 ; Wm., 143 
 Hill, Fras., 99 ; Peter del, 222 
 Hilton, Sir Robt., 195 
 Hobson, Jos., 93, 94 ; Rev. Thos., 71 
 Hodgson, Elizabeth, excommunicated, 272 ; 
 
 Henry, 87 ; Matthew, 93 ; Michael, 89 
 Hoe, Thos., jun.. Ill, 112, 114 
 Holderness Agricultural Society, 229 ; isi- 
 
 augurated, 230 
 Hollym, 95 ; Fair, 223, 228 
 Holmes, Alex, de, 17 ; John, 144 ; Martha, 
 
 270, 271 ; Thos., 270, 271 ; Wm., 84, 195 ; 
 
 Wm. de, 17 
 
 Holme, 70 
 
 Hornby, Geo., 104, 105, appointed parish 
 clerk, 270; John, 110-112, 118, 120, 303; 
 Thos., 106, 107, 109 ; Wm., 117, 119 
 
 Horncliffe, John, 74, 75; Wm., 79-81 
 
 Horsley, Geo., 84, 85 
 
 Hotham, Jane, 145; Sir John, 85, 92, 93, 
 
 145, 149 ; John, 145. 
 Hoton, Wm. de, 17 
 
 Howden, Geo. H., memorial window, 286 ; 
 
 Mary, 286 
 Howsham, 167 
 Huckborough, 172 
 Hudson, Roger, 74 
 
 Hull, 18, 72, 73, 78, 86, 90-92, 122, 138, 145. 
 149, 151, 156, 157, 189, 196, 208, 213, 220, 
 232, 231, 241, 247, 258, 259, 264, 277, 291- 
 293 ; Blockhouses, 92 ; Governor of, 169 ; 
 Holy Trinity Church, 72, 73, 238; Myton- 
 gate, 192; St. George's Gild, 73; St. 
 John the Baptist's Gild, 73 ; St. Mary's 
 Church, 298; St. Paul's, 276; Smith's 
 Bank, 180 
 
 Hull and Withernsea Railway, 6, 196, 220 
 
 Hull Bank Hall, 96 
 
 Hull New Road, 112, 251, opened, 113 
 
 Humber, 11, 20, 24, 33, 218 
 
 Humbleton, Hold., 176 
 
 Hyngerby, John, 72 
 
 Hutton, Rev. Phillip, vicar, 271 
 
 Ingekam, John, 202 
 
 Ingleby, Fred., 122 ; Wm., 119 
 
 Ingram, John, 78, 79, 195 ; Rich., 76 ; Robt. 
 
 18, 70, 71 
 Inkerman, Battle of, 290 
 Inverness Burghs, 187 
 
 Iveson, Albert, 289, 291 ; Ameha, 291 ; 
 Arthur, 112-115, 291, elected town clerk, 
 116, 120, death, 122 ; Arthur, jun., 118, 
 120, 267, death, 123; Arth. P., elected 
 town clerk, 123: Benj., 113-115, 117, 118; 
 Eliza, 291; Geo., 113; Harold A., 291; 
 James, 107, 114, 116, 211, elected town 
 clerk, 109, 208, 303, appointed registrar, 
 241 ; Jane, 291 ; Mary Eleanor, 289, 291 ; 
 Rich., 111-114, 291 ; Rowena, 291; Teresa, 
 291; Wm., 66, 104, 105, 116, death, 105; 
 Wm., jun., 106-113, 294; Capt. Wm., 289 
 
 Iveson's Collections, quoted, 166 
 
 Jackson, Ann, 272, 293; Eras., 105, 293; 
 Henry, 76-78,235; John, 76, 77, 291, 2^8; 
 Lancelot, 83, 84, 86 ; Margaret, 291 ; 
 Randle, 108, 180-182; Rich., 103-105, 107; 
 Thos., 74, 75, 81, 82, 107, 109, HI, 116, 
 118, 119, 291 ; Rev. Thos., vicar, 264, 265, 
 272; Rev. Thos., B.A., 272; Wm., 79, 80, 
 235 
 
 James I., 147, 150; il., charter granted by, 
 38 
 
Index. 
 
 311 
 
 James, Charles R., 289, 290 ; Mrs. D. Grevis, 
 289 
 
 Jenkins, T., 93 
 
 Jobson, Christopher, 82, 83, 269 
 
 John, King, grants a charter, 13, 220 
 
 John Coomber's Cross, lines on, by Henry 
 
 Brown, 197-200 
 John Cumber's Cross, 197 
 Johnson, John, 69, 70, 90, 250 
 Johnstone, Geo., 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 231, 
 
 bells presented by, 299 
 Jordan, Mrs. Eras., 289 
 
 Kelburn, Wm., 248, 249 
 Keld, Henry, 89; Robt., 83, 84, 86, 87, 94.98, 
 100 
 
 Kempe, John, 87 
 Kettrel, Jas., 67 
 Keyage, 30, 31 
 Keyingham, 66, 209, 222 
 Kid, Anthony, 265 
 Kiln Garth, 116 
 Kilburne, Wm., 222 
 Kilnsea Cross, 211 
 
 Kilvington, Benj., admitted a freeman, 116 
 Kiplinge, John, 81 
 Kirby, Anthony, 74 
 
 Kirk, Frances, 293; Samuel, 293; Wm., 
 119, 121, 122, 303, Portrait of, 123, 208, 
 293; Wm., jun., 121 
 
 Kirkebie, Thos., 80, 81, 82, 83 
 
 Kirkeby, Nich., 67, 221 
 
 Kitchen, John, 95 
 
 Knolles, John, 80, 81 
 
 Kyme, Robt., 113 
 
 Lacy, Beateix, 66; John, 66; Wm., 66, 67 
 
 Lamb, Robt., 201 
 
 Lange, Wm., 255 
 
 Lanvalay, Wm. de, 14 
 
 Larpool Hall, Whitby, 186 
 
 Lascy, Rev. Rich., 66 
 
 Lastage, 30, 31 
 
 Lasts, Wm., 249 
 
 Latheley, Henry, 95 
 
 Layreholme, Katherine, 247 
 
 Leak, Robt., 113, 114, 117, 119 ; Thos., 107 
 
 Legard, Jane, see Hothani, Jane ; Rich., 145 
 
 Leigh, Sir Edm., 148; Sir Eras., benefac- 
 tions to Hedon, 301 
 
 Leland, John, Itinerary, quoted, 3, 6, 245 ; 
 on Hedon Castle, 213 
 
 Lelley, Hamo de, 220 
 
 Leney, Robt. de, 201 
 
 Lepers, Hospital for, 194, 195 
 
 " Lever Gate," 194 
 
 Levett, Wm., 95 
 
 Liddell, Rev. David, 95 ; Wm., Recorder of 
 
 Hedon, 241 
 Lignum Vitse Bowl, lines on the, 129 
 Lincoln, (Nichol,) 13, 14, 21, 35, 186, 255 
 
 Lister, Rev. Richard, vicar, 268 ; Wm., 84- 
 
 86, 88, 89 
 
 " Lithensgate," 193; Lither, 201; Lither- 
 
 gate, 215, 220 
 Liverpool, 193 
 " Livers," Eields called, 193 
 Liversedge, Robt., 85, 86 
 Logan, David, 99 
 
 Long, Wm., 69; Yen. Archdn. CM., 275 
 
 Lound, Wm., 71 
 
 Lowe, Percival, 77, 78 
 
 Lucknow, 181, 187 
 
 Lund, Sir G. de, 195 ; Symon de, 17 
 
 Lushington, Rev. Henry, 178 ; Stephen, 178 
 
 Madebgarth, 248 
 
 Malpas, Henry, 255 
 
 Mansfield, Earl, 178 
 
 Mapleton, Henry, 81 
 
 Mappleton, — , 269 
 
 March, John, 68, 69 
 
 Marflete, Simon de, 222 
 
 Markets, Eortnightly, 229 
 
 Marshall, Caleb, 103 ; John, 234 
 
 Marton, 79 ; Catholic Chapel at, 240 
 
 Martyn, Thos., cordwainer, 222 
 
 Mason, Robt., 73 
 
 Mathey, John, son of, 65 
 
 Matthews, Bessey, 291 ; James, 111, 112, 291 ; 
 
 Thos. A., 117, 121 
 Maudlin Cross, 42 
 Maunas, John, 222 
 Maupas, Simon, 65 ; Alice, 249 
 Mayor's Chain, 123 ; List of Mayors, 65 ; 
 
 Mayor's Oath, 60 
 Meaux, Abbot and Convent of, 257 
 Meaux, Sir John, 253 
 Medical Officsr appointed, 121 
 Medley, Rev. John, 297 
 Menythorpe, Roger, 78 
 Merflete, Wm. de, 66, 67 
 Merryman, Geo., 82, 83, 216 
 Mersk, John de, 65 
 Merwyn, Rich., 69 ; Roger, 69 
 Mestaer, P. E., 180, 181; admitted a fre> 
 
 man, 107 
 
 " Mets, Mayor's," given to widows' alms- 
 houses, 118 
 Methley, Yorks., 174 
 Mexborough, Earl of, 174 
 Meynell, Marie Sarah, 290 
 Middleton, Elizabeth, 88 
 Miffin, Phihp, 74, 75, 76 
 
 Milner, John, 254, 257; Marie, 271; Thos. 
 
 L., 119 ; Wm., 96, 97 
 Molescroft, Wm., 66, 67 
 Moor, Francis, 99-101, 103, 264, 292 ; John, 
 
 100, 101 
 
 Moore, Catherine, 144; John, 144 ; Robt., 114 
 Mountrath, Earl of, 166, 171, 172 
 Municipal History, 11 
 
812 
 
 Index 
 
 Murage, 30 
 Muscroft, Henry, 261 
 
 Neleson, Thos., 70, 71, 72 
 Nelthorpe, Thos., 113 
 
 Neville, Catherine, 141 ; Henry, Earl of 
 
 Westmoreland, 141, 144 ; Hugh de, 14 
 Newmarch, Geo., 98 
 
 Newton, Fras., 81, 98 ; Rev. John, vicar, 268; 
 
 Lancelot, 83, 84; Rev. Thos. de, vicar, 268 
 Newton, 248, 249 ; Newton Garth, 3, 65, 172 
 Normanville, Sir John, 71 ; Thos. de, 17, 69, 
 
 70 
 
 North, Peter, 222 
 
 Northoc, 194 
 
 Norris, Nath., 87, 90, 263 
 
 Nunkeeling Priory, 210 
 
 Nuthill, Sir Hugh of, 252 ; Sir John, 252 
 
 Nuthill, Burstwick, Catholic Chapel at, 240 
 
 Nuttyll, Peter, 195 
 
 Oath of the XII., 61 
 
 Oddfellows' Lodge established, 239 
 
 Ombler, Ann, 92; Edward, 109, 111, 185; 
 
 John, 93, 95, 98; Robt., 87-89, 92, 95, 97, 
 
 297 ; Wm., 83-86, 93-95, 269 
 Osborne, Hannah, 292 
 Otley, 150 
 
 Ouster, Matilda, 250 
 Overton, 137 
 Owbridge, John, 104 
 Owthorne, 289 
 Oyry, Fulco de, 195 
 Oyselem, Alan de, 70 
 
 Painter (Paynter), Rev. Geo., 78, Bede- 
 houses given by, 232, Will of, 232-235 ; 
 Jennet, 234; Rich., 74; Wm., 68 
 
 Paler, Wm., 143 
 
 Palmer, Thos., 66, 213, 248, 249, 252 
 Palmer's Close, 261 
 Panage, 30-31 
 
 Parish Clerk, appointment of, 268 
 
 Park, Godfrey R., 119, 121, 122, 214, Chain 
 
 presented to the Corporation, 123, 127, 
 
 128 ; Robert Alan, 123 
 Park's Pari. Representation of Yorks., quoted, 
 
 138 
 
 Parker, John, 68 
 Parkinson, Joshua, 294 
 Parliamentary Reform Act, 138 
 Passamore, Stephen, 261 
 Passmer, John, 17 
 Patricke, Wm., 80 
 
 Patrington, 93, 110, 219, 228, 236, 289 
 Patteson, Matthew, 146 
 
 PauU (Paghill), 2, 72, 222; Bequest to 
 Church, 72; High Paull House, 106; 
 Paull Fleet, 20, 24, 33, 72 ; Paull Holme, 
 144, 195 
 
 Pearson, Rev. Dr., 271 ; Wm., 99 
 
 Peart, Wm., 264 
 Pegge, Rich., 222 
 Pelham, Sir Wm., 156 
 
 Penotte, Rev. John, vicar of Skecklinge, 271 
 Pent, Thos., 257 
 Perrott, Wm., 254 
 Piccage, 30 
 
 Piese, Agnes, 223 ; John, schipman, 123 
 
 Pillory, 33, 34 
 
 Pinder, John, 81, 82, 83 
 
 Pier.-^ Plowman, 203, 210 
 
 Pocklington, 277 
 
 Pollard, Rich., 87, 88 
 
 Pollard Clough, 219 
 
 Poller, John, 68, 259 
 
 Pontage, 30 
 
 Pontefract, 86, 88 
 
 Population, 217 
 
 Porter, Mrs., 108 
 
 Pottes, John, 81, 82, 83, 148 ; Wm., 79, 80, 
 
 84, 85, 87 
 Pound breach, 113 
 
 Poulson's Hist, of Holderness, quoted, 2, 7, 9, 
 12, 32, 40, 70, 79, 195, 246, 252 ; Beverlac, 
 12 
 
 " Poulters," 203 
 Power, Rich., 99 
 
 Preston, Henry de, 17 ; John, 67 ; John de, 
 grant of land to Hedon, 210 ; Margaret, 
 67 ; Maud, 220 ; Robt., 67 ; Thos de, 19 ; 
 Warner de, 220 
 
 Preston, 68, 69, 104, 152, 192, 193, 195, 196. 
 215, 219, 222, 246, 263, 269, 273, 276, 292; 
 Chantry of, 252; Gas laid to, 196; 
 Preston Stakes, 104 ; Vicar of, 247 
 
 Primitive Methodist Chapel, 237, 240 
 
 Procter, Thos., 97 
 
 Prowde, Rev. Samuel, curate of Hedon, 271 
 Prynne's Parliamentaria Rediviva, quoted, 
 137 
 
 Pudsey, John, 100-103, 166, 264, 287, 288 
 
 Pulteney, Daniel, 169 ; Henry, 101, 169, 170, 
 171; Wm., Earl of Bath, 8, 164-170, 
 benefaction to Hedon, 302, Market Cross 
 presented by, 205, 207 
 
 "Pybakers," 203 
 
 Pykering, Rev. Robt. de, 268 
 
 Pynninge, John, 73, 74; Robt., 73; Thos., 74 
 
 Race Meeting held, 122, 242 
 Raikes, Robt., 92, 94, 215, petition to Parlia- 
 ment, 90, 91 ; Thos., 92, 149 
 Railway Station, 196 
 
 Railway, Hull and Withernsea, opened, 117 
 Raines, Henry, 241 ; Wm., judge, 115, 241 
 Ranym, Wm., 222 
 Ravensea, 18 
 Ravenser, 137, 138 
 
 Ravenspurn, 137, 211; Henry IV. lands at, 
 211, 212 
 
 Rawson, Wm., Lectern presented by, 286 
 
Index. 
 
 813 
 
 Read, Rev. Rich, 269 
 Reed, Stephen, 10.0-103, 172, 175 
 Reeston, Wm., excommunicated, 272 
 Regrating, meaning of, 221 
 Representative History, 136 
 Revell, Rev. John, vicar, 269 
 " Reverend," Title of, 71 
 Richard II., Charter granted by, 34 
 Richardson, John, 2'id ; Rev. J. H., vicar, 
 278 ; Robt., 70; Thos. 78, 79, 229, 284, 235 
 Richmond, 86 
 Rimmington, Thos., 97 
 Rimswell, 222 
 Ripon, 86, 87, 138, 275 
 
 Rise, 155, 159, 162, 235, 236, 272 ; Rise Park, 
 
 230 
 Riston, 195 
 
 Robinson, Elizabeth, 293 ; John, 73-75, 107, 
 108, 114 ; Joseph, 110-115, 117, 293 ; Luke, 
 166, 171-175; Martin, 297; Nich., 114; 
 Simon, 222; Thos., 84, 85, 87, 99, 100, 
 104, 105 ; Thos., Jun., 104 ; Wm., 90 
 
 Robson, Rev. Ralph, vicar, 272 ; Thos., 264 
 
 Roger, Wm., 74 
 
 Roos, John, 75, 76 ; Wm., 67, 68 
 Roos, 249 
 
 Routh, Sir John de, 253 ; Effigy of , 287 
 Routh, 145 
 Rowlston Hall, 96 
 Roydhouse, Daniel J., 105 
 Russell, Sir John, 162; Thos.. 89; Wm., 81, 
 82, 90, 93 
 
 Ruston, Christopher, 98; Robt., 100-103 
 Ryhill, John de, 69 
 Ryhill, 270 
 Rysome, Hold., 145 
 
 Sadler, Robt., 78, 79; Thos., 77 
 
 Sagg, Timothy, 105 ; Wm., 86, 87, 93; bene- 
 factions, 301 ; his cha ity, 236, 210 
 
 Sagheer, John, 201 
 
 St. Edmundsbury, 137 
 
 St. Leonard, Hospital of, 256 
 
 St. Martin, John de, 18 
 
 St. Nicholas's Orchard, 255 
 
 St. Quintin, Edmund, 195 ; Wm. de, 18 
 
 St. Sepulchres, 42, 87, 194, 197, 215 ; Hospital, 
 249 ; Legend of St. Sepulchres Cross, 
 197-200 
 
 Salisbury, Wm., Earl of, 14 
 
 Samaritan Society, The, 239 
 
 Saunders, Sir Chas., becomes a freeman, 103 ; 
 M.P., 174-177 
 
 Savage, Ralph, 81; Rich., 261 ; Thos., 84-87, 
 261 
 
 Savile, Albany, 109, 182 ; Christ., see Atkinson, 
 Christ. ; John, see Mexborough, Earl of 
 Sawer, John, 72, 73 
 
 Sawyer, Elizabeth, 293; Geo., Ill, 210, 293; 
 
 Henry J. H., 293 
 Saxton, Rev. Roger de, vicar, 268 
 
 Scarborough. 86, 138, 145. 149 ; Castle. 149 ; 
 
 Seal of, 29 
 Schirburne, John, 222 
 
 School, National, 112, 116, 273 ; School house, 
 
 214 ; Old School, 112 
 School Board, 121, 215 
 Scarborough, 145 
 
 Scott, Sir G.G., Chancel restored by, 275,283 
 
 "Scott and Lott," 31 
 
 Sendamore, Geo., 75 
 
 Sculcoates, St. Mary's Church, 153 
 
 Seal, Corporate, 34 
 
 Secroft, John, 202 
 
 Seiage, 30 
 
 Selwyn, Thos., 146 
 
 Sewardby, Wm., 248 
 
 Sexton, appointment of, 268 
 
 Shakerley, Robt., 140, 141 
 
 Shackles, Wm., 101, 102 
 
 Shakespeare's King Richard II. quoted, 212 
 
 Sharp, John, 69-7i 
 
 Shaw, Benj., 186, 187 ; Wm.. 66 
 
 Shawe, Thos., 69 
 
 Sheep Market, 116 
 
 Shipp, Eliza Ann, 293; Samuel, 293; Samuel 
 
 Chaloner, 293 
 Shoemakers (Souters) 201 ; Company of, 101 
 Shoes (Sotulares), 223 
 
 Sigglesthorne, 274; Advowson of Rectory 
 of. 40 
 
 Simmons, Edmund, sexton, 274 
 
 Sissison, Elizabeth, 272 ; Rev. Rich., vicar, 
 
 264, 271 ; death of, 272 
 Sissons, John, 132, 133, 134 
 "Sittings," 229 
 Skecklinge, 270, 271 
 
 Skelton, Rev. Adam de, 202, 254 ; Rev. W., 
 
 235 
 
 Skearne, Thos., 72 
 
 Skipsea, 3, 214 ; Manor, 221 
 
 Skinner, John, 280 
 
 Skidby, 88 
 
 Skirlaugh, 162 
 
 Skott, John, 235 
 
 Skyllyngs, John, 254 
 
 Slingsby, Sir Thos., 183, 184 
 
 Smales, Rev. Eras., 271 
 
 Smith, Daniel, 70; Geo., 108, 179; Henry, 
 
 74; John, 71, 72, 108, 180; Laben, 78; 
 
 Ralph, 68, 69; Robt., 265; Samuel, 108, 
 
 180; Samuel. Bell-founder. 295; Wm. 
 
 70-72, 77, 78 
 Smithers, Benj., 100 
 Smyth, Henry, 73, 74 ; John, 70, 74 
 Snawe, John, 68-70 
 Somerset, Godfrey, 87 
 Sotulares (Shoes), 223 
 
 Southwicke, Rich., 85-88, 93, 94, 263 270 
 
 271; Wm., 88 
 "Souter Jonny," Burns's lines on, 201 
 Souter's, (Shoemakers,) 201 
 
3U 
 
 Index. 
 
 Soutter, Jas., 112, 114, 117. 118, 120 ; death, 
 
 121; Jas. S., 118, 120, 208; J.G., 194; 
 
 John. 109, 110, 112, 115, 117 ; Wm., 115, 
 
 117, 120, 289 
 Sparke, Wm., 73, 74 
 Sparkes, John, 75, 77, 78 
 Spencer, Chas., Lord, 161, 162 
 Spennithorne, Yorks., 178 
 Spinke, Kich., 83 
 Sproatley, 222 
 Sprotle, John de, 18 
 Stallage, 30 
 Staller, John, 250 
 Standeven, Thos., 235 
 Stapleton, Henry, 152 ; Sir Philip, 152 
 Stapleton, Wm., 132, 133, 134 
 Stephenson. Aquila, Town Clerk, 94, 230 ; 
 
 Henry, 81 ; Thos., 84, 85 
 Sterne, Rev. Jaques, 272 ; Laurence, 272 
 Steuxley, Thos., 73 
 Stockham Cross, 42 
 Stoneferry, 237, 289 
 Stones, Sarah, 230 
 Storye, Thos., 269 
 Stovin, Jas., 230 
 Stowe, John, 248 
 
 Street, Geo. E., on "St. Augustine's Church," 
 
 279-280, 281 
 Strickland, Sir Thos., 154; Walter, 153; Sir 
 
 Wm., 153, 154; Lord Wm., 90 
 Stringer, Henry, 87 
 
 Sturmy, John, 66, 68, 69, 251, 258, 289, 
 298 
 
 Sutton, 237, 289, 290 ; Vicar of, 238 ; Watson's 
 
 Almshouses, 237, 238 
 Swarke, Robt., 76, 77, 229 
 Swinburne, Rev. Joseph, 108, 239 ; Rev. Thos., 
 
 vicar of Hedon, 271 
 Swine, 195 
 Swyne, Wm., 254 
 
 Sykes, Christopher, M.P., subscription to 
 restoration of St. Augustine's, 281 
 
 Taillar, Henry, 65 
 Tallages, 31 
 
 Taylor, Geo., 113-115, 119, 120; Harriott, 
 294; John, 106-108, 110, 111, 185, 293, 
 294; John, jun., 111-113: R. C, 293; 
 Thomas, 108-113, 249 ; Wm., 184 
 
 Taylors, Company of, 101 
 
 Tenage, 30 
 
 Tennison, Rich., 90, 93 
 
 Tennyson, Alfred, Lord, 288; Elizabeth, 
 
 288 ; Michael, 288 
 Theire, Rev. John, vicar, 268 
 Thergell, Robt., 250 
 Thew, 33, 34 
 Thewles, Edward, 99 
 Thirkleby, 162 
 Thirsk, 277 
 
 Thompson, Rev. Marm., vicar, 268 
 
 Thompson, Beatrix, 77; Beilby, 105, 106, 
 176, 177, 179; Katherine, 77; Patrick, 76; 
 Paul Beilby, 176; Rich., 77, 177; Thos., 
 Hist, of Welton, 2, 108, 180 
 
 Thoresby, Ralph, 146 
 
 Thorgell, Thos., 222, 252, 253 
 
 Thorkleby, John, 67 
 
 Thorngumbald, 2, 127, 208, 209, 246, 288 
 Thornton, Christopher, 234 ; John, 233-235 
 Thornton Abbey, bequest to, 65, 66 
 Thorpe, John, 65, 89, 104-107; Wm., 103- 
 105 
 
 Thowe, Thos., 75 ; Wm., 75 
 
 Tickill, EHzabeth, 292 ; Rev. John, 208, 213, 
 
 292 ; death of, 252 
 Tilley, Christopher, 93 
 Tilemare Close, 261 
 Tiverton, 162 
 Tixall, Staff ords., 189 
 Tock, Peter, 101, 102; Wm., 99-101 
 Toll, 30 
 
 Tolls abolished, 113 
 Tomlinson, Wm. D., 119 
 Topographical History, 191 
 Torre's "Peculiars," quoted, 271 
 Tower, Rich., 99 
 
 Towle, John. 94, 95, 100, 101 ; Thos., 101-105; 
 
 Wm., 95, 97 
 Towrye. Geo., 255, 260 
 Trafford, Rev. John, vicar, 268 
 Tring, Herts., 125, 157 
 Truelove, Edward, of Rowlson, 96 
 Trumball, Sir Wm., 161, 162 
 Tumbrell, 33, 34 
 Tunstall, 95 
 Turner, Wm., 222 
 
 Turton, Edmund, becomes a freeman, 110 ; 
 benefactions. 302; Edmund P., 184, 185, 
 presents a Chalice, 186; Rev. Wm. P., 
 186 ; Dr., 186 
 
 Twilton, John, 82 
 
 Twier's Cross, 42 ; Twier's Lane, 89; Race 
 
 Course, 122 
 Twiggles, Nicholas, 291 ; Mary, 291 
 Twyer, Robt. de la, 194, 195 
 Tynton, Rev. Thos., vicar, 268 
 
 Uniformity of Divine Service, 140 
 ITphall, Rev. Wm., vicar, 268 
 Uppleby, Geo., 172 
 Usflett, John, 255 
 
 Vane, Mr., 101 
 Veer, John de, 18 
 
 Vicarage, 214; Old Vicarage, 243, 265; 
 
 Vicarage house. Market Hill, 214 
 Vickerman, Eras., 105, 106, 107 
 Victoria, Queen, 128 
 
 Villiers, Chas. P., 189; Hon. Geo., 189; 
 Thos. Hyde, becomes a freeman. 111 ; 
 elected M.P., 188, 189 
 
Index. 
 
 315 
 
 Vipon, Henry, 73 
 Vipont, Eich., 97, 98 
 
 Wade, Kalph, 80 
 Wadman, John, 105-107 
 Waghen, John de, 223 
 Waghen, 272 
 
 Wake, Rev. Baldwin, 274 ; Rev. J. H., vicar, 
 
 115, 117, 274, 275, 278 
 Wakefield, 276 
 Walesby, Lines., 98, 288 
 
 Walker, Christopher, 98-100 ; Fras., 99, 264 ; 
 
 John, 75, 101, 105, 249 ; Jonathan, 82 ; 
 
 Waite, 100, 102-104; Wm., 84, 85 
 Wallas, Thos., 93 
 Wallis, Henry. 113 
 Walpole, Sir Robt., 165, 166 
 Wapontake Court, Hedon, 19, 22, 240, 241 
 Ward, John, 89 ; Nicholas, le, 69 ; Pennock, 
 
 102, 291; Rev. Wm., 102, — , Organ 
 
 builder, 286 
 Warton, M., 93 
 Wassand, 144 
 
 Wasse, Rev. Wm., builds the Glebe house, 
 265 ; List of vicars by, 268 ; appointed 
 273, 292 
 
 Wasteneys, Edm., 18 
 
 Waterhouse, Robert, 83 
 
 Waterland, Daniel, 288 ; Rev. Daniel, 98 ; 
 
 Henry, 98-104, 166, 209, 288 ; Rev. Henry, 
 
 98 ; Martha, 288 
 Watson, Abraham, 290 ; Hedon, 290 ; Mrs. 
 
 Ann, her charity, 237, 238, 264, 265, 289 ; 
 
 James, 122, 211; John, 94, 95, 100-103; 
 
 Hon. L. T., 177; Peter. 69-72; Samuel, 
 
 98-102, 173, 175, 264 ; Wm., 72. 100, 119, 
 
 121, 286, 303, death, 122; Mrs. Wm., 285, 
 
 303 
 
 Waxholme, 94 
 
 "Wayfarer" or "Wafarer" Lane, 202, 203 
 
 Wayfrain Lane, 202, 203 
 
 Webster, Barrington, 105; Christ., 101, 265; 
 Fras. T., 113, 115, 119, 120; Geo., 109, 
 110 ; John, 106, 107 ; John L., 281 ; Rich., 
 104-106; Robt., 106 
 
 Weeton, Hold., 229 
 
 Weighell, John, 80 
 
 Wellewyk, Ralph de, 69 
 
 Wells, Rich., 79 ; Wm., 90 
 
 Welwick, 287 
 
 Wenlock, Baron, see Thompson, P. B. 
 Weston, Thos. de, 69 
 Weymouth, 184 
 
 Wharfage, 30 
 
 Wharton, Sir Thos , 141, 142 
 Wheldrake, 277 
 Whitby, 167, 275 
 
 White, Rev. Rich, le, Ycl do Laiium, vicar, 
 
 268 
 
 White, Agnes, 235; Col. Wni. L., 123, 209, 
 250 ; Wm. T., 303; Memorial Window, 
 286; Mrs. W. T., 303 
 
 Whitfield, Margaret, 235 ; Robt. 235 
 
 Wicksteed, Rev. J. H., vicar, 277 
 
 Widows' House, pensions to, increased, 
 109 
 
 Wiggan, Martin, 83, 84 
 Wighill, 152 
 
 Wiglitman, Philip, Bell-founder, 294 ; Wm., 
 294 
 
 Wilberforce, Rev. Robt. I., 275 
 
 Wildridge, T. Tindall, 41, 73 ; Portrait of 
 
 Dr. Kirk, 123 
 Wile, Rich., 68 
 Wilkinson, Geo., 75 
 Willerby, Rich., 67, 68 
 Williams, Sir C. H., 166 
 
 Wilson, Mrs. Ann, 291 ; Arthur, M.F.H., 243, 
 
 292 ; Henry, 107 ; John, 72 ; Marv, 292 ; 
 
 Rich., 291 ; Thomas, 70, 93, 26i, 292 ; 
 
 Wm., 90 ; Family, monument to, 239 
 Winestead, 143, 144, 145 ; Hall, 164 
 Wintryngham, Adae, 67 ; Katherine, 67 ; 
 
 Robt., 66, 67 
 Wise, Wm., Recorder, 94 
 Withernsea Raihvay opened, 6, 196, 220 
 WoodhalJ, Pontefract, 88 
 Worlington, Geo., 79, 80; John, 100, 101 
 Wormley, Christ., 289 ; Margaret, 289 
 Wrav, Jas., 172 
 
 Wright, Geo., 9S-103, 132-134, 303 ; John, 
 270; Megginson, 115; Robt., 115, 116, 
 118-120; Thos., 101; Wm., 270 
 
 Wrington, 288 
 
 Wynds, Wm., 251 
 
 Wynsted, Simon, 252 
 
 Wyntrvngham, Adam, 248; Robt., 221 
 
 Wyton'^Hall, 241 
 
 Wyveton, Henry de, 17, 18, 69 
 
 " Ykkmongeks," 203 
 
 York, 13, 14, 21, 35, 86, 98, 125, 138, 143, 235; 
 
 Cathedral, 144, 203; Grape Lane, 210; 
 
 Micklegate, 192 
 Yorkshire, 149, 167, 189 
 Young, Thos., 104 
 
 Printed and Published by W. G. B. Page, 77 Spring Street, Hull. 
 
J 
 
To he completed in about Seven Parts. 
 
 PART IV.] [Price 2s. ^ \ 
 
 THE 
 
 HISTORY of HHDON 
 
 IN THE 
 
 SEIGNIORY OF HOLDERNESS, 
 
 AND 
 
 EAST-RIDING of the COUNTY OF YORK. 
 
 BY 
 
 Soirfrery ^idjartr ^ark, (lent. 
 
 Author of « Parliamentary Eepresentation of Yorkshire." 
 
 WITH NUMEROUS ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 
 HULL : 
 
 Printed and Published by W. G. B. PAGE, 25, BROOK STREET, 
 And Sold by all Booksellers. 
 
BOOKS ON SALE BY W. G. B. PAGE, BOOKSELLER, PRINTER & STATIONER 
 
 25, BROOK STREET, HULL. 
 
 Volumes 1 and IL Price 7s. 6d. each in cloth, or in 1 vol, 
 14s. Back Nos. can be had, Price Is. each. 
 
 The Hull Ouarterly and East Riding Portfolio. 
 
 Edited by W. G. B. Page, Sub-Librarian, Hull Subscription Library. 
 
 ^pmioits of tljc ^ve^^ on tl)C ^ull ^itax-fcrlg." 
 
 " We regret to learn that the editor of this very excellent local antiquarian gleaner cannot 
 continue his work if he does not get more support. We should have thought that Yorkshire 
 would gladly support so interesting and useful a journal, and we can assure antiquaries who 
 are not Yorksliirenian, that there is much to learn from its pages. Some papers, like " The 
 Monastic Institutions of Hull and its Vicinity," by J. J. Sheahan ; «' The Lake Dwelling at 
 Ulrome in Holderness," by T. M. Evans ; " Some Old Plans of Kingston-upon-Hull," are of unusual 
 interest as contributions to subjects which many antiquaries are deeply interested in. If any 
 word of ours can keep this thorough!}^ deserving local periodical from a too early death, we 
 we willingly and in all sense of duty utter it." — Z/ie Ajitiquary. 
 
 " The second and concluding volume of this interesting periodical, which we regret to see 
 
 will not be continued, maintains the useful character of the first Mr. Page 
 
 has done his editorial work well, and the result is that the book will be certainly in demand, 
 not only in the neighbourhood of Hull, but pretty generally among the class of readers who 
 look for records of old times to put before them in an attractive form. We hope he may be 
 enabled to reverse his decision of suspending the work, and determine to go on with it." — Journal 
 of the Briiisk ArchcEoLgual Assoaation. 
 
 " The first three numbers of the Hull Quarterly and East Riding Portfoho, edited by W. Gr. B. 
 Page, form a good specimen of provincial work." — 7)he Academy. 
 
 To be Published Shortly. Cloth Crown 8vo. Price 6s. 
 
 HISTORIC HODSES IN KIHGSTON-DPON-HULL 
 
 With Biographical Notices on Some Notable People who have been 
 
 born in the Town. 
 
 BY W. C3-. B. IPJ^OEI. 
 
 Inehiding, amongst others. Memoirs, Portraits, and 
 Engravings of the Jiirthplaces of the following : 
 
 Wm. Wilberforce, M.P. Portraits and Birthplace 
 The Listers — Father and Son. 
 
 Col. T. Perronet Thompson. Portraits and Birth- 
 places 
 
 Henry Dawson, The Artist Portrait 
 Anne Franklin, wife of Admiral Sir John Franklin 
 Portrait 
 
 John Kussell, K.A., Portrait 
 
 Wm. Spence, F.L.S., etc. The Etomologist, Portrait 
 Eev. Geo. Lambert, First Minister of Fish Street 
 
 Congregational Church 
 Anne Taylor, wife Rev. Jos. Grilbert 
 yn>u^:^^' Charles Frost, F.S.A.; Richard Garland, and many 
 
 REV. GEORGE LAMBERT. OtherS, 
 
.III.. .„d.„u.„„