Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2012 with funding from University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign http://www.archive.org/details/americannegroexpOOamer AMERICAN NEGR EXPOSITION CHICAGO COLISEUM-JULY 4 TO SEPT.2 OFFICIAL PROGRAM AND GUIDE BOOK' TWENTY- FIVE CENTS ^OKfoait oJa Perfect Jrlodt ly ANHEUSER-BUSCH • ST. LOUIS DIAMOND JUBILEE of NEGRO PROGRESS 75 YEARS OF NEGRO ACHIEVEMENT This is the first real NEGRO WORLD'S FAIR in all history THE LIBRARY OF THE AUG 121940 universe cfiuinoisEXPOSITION AUTHORITY This is the first real Negro World's Fair in all history and is being held in Chicago, most accessi- ble metropolitan center and vacation land for all Americans. Government departments and federal agencies are cooperating completely. Secretary of Agriculture Henry A. Wallace has ordered the FSA, AAA and U. S. Extension Service to prepare large exhibits. Administrator Paul McNutt of FSA present dis- plays prepared by NYA, CCC, Social Security Board, Department of Education and Public Health Service. Under Administrator John Carmody of FWA, exhibits are shown for USHA, WPA and PWA while Secretary of Labor Frances Perkins has arranged for a labor exhibit flanked by a show- ing of women's and children's bureau activities. Other agencies, such as the Julius Rosenwald Fund, General Education Board, Harmon Founda- tion and Negro schools, colleges, state departments of education, fraternities and sororities, national organizations and business institutions are giving full co-operation. In addition, whole sections are devoted to re- ligion, press, music, sports, stage, literature, art, science, industry, social sciences — in fact, every phase of activity in which the Negro has achieved. The Exposition will promote racial understanding and good will ; enlighten the world on the contribu- tions of the Negro to civilization and make the Negro conscious of his dramatic progress since emancipation. The Exposition produces amazing facts with complete proof to substantiate the black man's claim that he has made large and valuable contri- butions to both American and world history. The Exposition portrays in graphic fashion, through diorama, mural and exhibit, the spectacu- lar achievements of America's Tenth Citizen from his voyage to the New World with Columbus to his status in the nation in 1940. TRUMAN K. GIBSON, Jr., Executive Director JAMES W. WASHINGTON, President A. W. WILLIAMS, Secretary-Treasurer CLAUDE A. BARNETT, Member ROBERT BISHOP, Member L. L. FERGUSON, Member United States Auxiliary Commission U. S. Senator James M. Slattery, Congressman Arthur W. Mitchell, Dr. F. D. Patterson, President of Tuske- gee Institute; Wilson Lambert, Continental Illinois Bank, Secretary and Treasurer of U. S. Commission. Commission of the State of Illinois Governor Henry Horner, Chairman; Civil Service Commissioner Wendell E. Green, Vice-Chairman; Rep. Charles J. Jenkins, Secretary; Sen. Nicholas Hubbard, Sen. A. L. Marovitz, Sen. W. A. Wallace, Sen. Arnold P. Benson, Sen. Earl Searcy, Rep. August C. Grebe, Rep. William J. Warfield, Rep. Louis G. Berman, Rep. Andy O'Neill, Dr. E. M. A. Chandler, Major R. A. Byrd, Rev. A. A. Crim, Dr. M. O. Bousfield. Committee of the City of Chicago Mayor Edward J. Kelly, Chairman; Sen. Harold G. Ward, Sen. John B. Geary, Aid. J. B. Bowler, Aid. William A. Rowan, Aid. George D. Kells, Aid. Earl B. Dickerson, Aid. B. A. Grant, Aid. Patrick S. Smith, Aid. Abraham Cohen, Oscar E. Hewitt, Commissioner of Public Works; Barnet Hodes, Corporation Counsel; Hon. W. A. Jackson, James B. McCahey, President of School Board, Hon. Charles Krutchkoff. Board of Directors William P. Harrison, Chairman; Rev. I. A. Thomas, Vice-Chairman; A. W. Williams, Secretary; L. L. Fer- guson, Treasurer; James W. Washington, Claude A. Barnett, Rev. Joseph M. Evans, Henry C. Ferguson, A. N. Fields, Irene McCoy Gaines, Lucius C. Harper, Burton W. Lewis, Anthony Overton, B. U. Taylor, Jacob R. Tipper, Willard S. Townsend, Nannie Wil- liams, Freda Cross, Richard R. Jones, R. R. Jackson, Rev. D. Z. Jackson. Page One Here Are IMPORTANT SPECIAL DAYS at FAIR Thursday- July 4 Friday July 5 Saturday July 6 Sunday July 7 Monday July 8 Tuesday July 9 Wednesday July 10 Thursday July 11 Friday July 12 Saturday July 13 Sunday July 14 Monday July 15 Tuesday July 16 Wednesday July 17 Thursday July 18 Friday July 19 Saturday July 20 Sunday July 21 Monday July 22 Tuesday July 23 Wednesday July 24 Thursday July 25 Friday July 26 Saturday July 27 Sunday July 28 Monday July 29 Tuesday July 30 Wednesday July 31 Thursday August 1 Friday August 2 Saturday August 3 Sunday August 4 Monday August 5 Tuesday August 6 Wednesday August 7 Thursday August 8 Friday August 9 Saturday August 10 Sunday August 1 1 Monday August 12 Tuesday August 13 Wednesday August 14 Thursday August 15 Friday August 16 Saturday August 17 Sunday August 18 Monday August 19 Tuesday August 20 Wednesday August 21 Thursday August 22 Friday August 23 Saturday August 24 Sunday August 25 Monday August 26 Tuesday August 27 Wednesday August 28 Thursday August 29 Friday August 30 Saturday August 31 Sunday Se ptember 1- Monday Se ptember 2 Page Two -Chicago Day — City Commission and Citizen's Committee cooperating -Women's Club Day — (All Federated Women's Clubs, Northern District) -Illinois Manufacturers' Day -Churches Day — Big choruses and gospel singing (Ministers' committee) -Athletic Day (Sports) -Mississippi Day -Chicago Association of Commerce -Florida Day -New York and New Jersey Day -Churches Day — Big choruses and gospel singing. (Ministers' committee) -Tennessee Day -Kentucky Day -Louisiana Day -Georgia Day -North and South Carolina Day -Lincoln-Illinois Day (Governor's Day) All Illinois cities -Churches Day — Big choruses and gospel singing. (Ministers' committee) -Virginia and West Virginia Day -Booker T. Washington-Tuskegee (Alabama Day) -Veterans' Day (All veterans' organizations, including War Mothers) -Professional Men and Women's Day (All professional and business clubs) -Missouri Day (St. Louis) -Public School Children's Day -Churches Day — Big choruses and gospel singing. (Ministers' committee) -Indiana Day (All Indiana cities) -Wisconsin Day (Milwaukee) -Ohio Day (Wilberforce) -Oklahoma Day -Pennsylvania Day — CCC Day -Michigan Day (Detroit) -Churches Day — Big choruses and gospel singing. (Ministers' committee) -Kansas Day -American Woodmen Day -Grand United Order of Odd Fellows Day -(Reserved) -(Reserved) -Boy and Girl Scouts Day -Churches Day — Big choruses and gospel singing. (Ministers' committee) -Knights of Pythias Day (all branches) -African-Pan American Day and A. U.K. and D. & A. -Artists' Day -Fisk University Day -Ohio Day -Miss Bronze America Day -Churches Day — Big choruses and gospel singing. (Ministers' committee) -Mason's Day (all branches) -Royal Circle of Friends Day (Convention) -Old Settlers' Day and Du Sable Day -Y.M.C.A. and Y.W.C.A. Day -Urban League and N.A.A.C.P. Day -Postal Alliance Day (all post office) -Churches Day — Big choruses and gospel singing. (Ministers' committee) -Arkansas Day -Texas-Oklahoma Day (4-H clubs) -Aviation Day -Chicago Clubs' Day (all civic and social clubs) -Military Day -Elks' Day and Technical Day (Technicians) -Churches Day — Big choruses and gospel singing. (Ministers' committee) -Labor Day ^ V) o DETERMINATION This heroic figure depicting the determination for progress of the Negro race which stands in the Court of Dioramas, was created by Edgardo Simone. This great Chicago sculptor has had his works in the Chicago World's Fair, the Hall of Fame and many other places in America and abroad. He has been decorated by the United States Government, by the Queen of Italy and the King of Spain, and other governments. Page Three I II 5137 A Message to the American Negro Exposition By United States Senator James M. Slattery of Illinois Mr. Chairman, Honored Guests, Fellow Americans: We are met to bear witness to the progress of civilization. In this American Negro Exposition, which we today are dedicating to peace and understanding, we are celebrating one of the real achievements of American history. The story that is told in this Exposition — in the paintings and dioramas about this hall, in the marvelous exhibits of Negro arts and crafts, and above all, in the faces of the earnest men and women gathered here — is a reassurance of Christian progress that is sorely needed in these days when some of us, beholding events on other continents, are wondering if our civilization has been in vain. This is truly an age of speed and lightning change. Our older citizens, in the space of their lifetimes, have seen marvels of science, such as the automobile, the electric light, the radio, and the airplane, revolutionize our entire way of living. They have seen this nation push onward its fron- tiers, until the agricultural America of the sixties has been transformed into the mighty industrial and commercial world power of the United States of today. They have seen tremendous achieve- ments in the arts and in letters, and monumental social strides that have advanced the common man. They have seen also a brave race, freed from bondage seventy-five years ago, conquer ignorance, poverty and prejudice, multiply in the face of ad- versity, and climb steadily upward until it has reached full stature in the economic, political and cultural life of our American Democracy. None of the American miracles of our day offers stronger proof of the essential Tightness of our American system than the progress of the American Negro which is celebrated and exemplified in this Expo- sition. Every American thrills with pride at the story of Negro progress which is told so graphically in these paintings and dioramas that contrast the plight of the slaves of the last century with the Negro's position in, and his contributions to, our complex life today. And when we consider that the blood of those simple slaves, under the blessing of free- dom, has produced not only the physical perfection Page Four of our great Negro champions, but the individual genius of Booker T. Washington, of Dr. George Washington Carver, of Marian Anderson, and of scores of other famous Americans, we realize that U. S. SENATOR JAMES M. SLATTERY truly a Divine Providence shapes our Destiny. It is most fitting that this American miracle should be celebrated with a great Exposition at this time when the children of the slaves, born at the glorious moment of emancipation, are now in their declining years. It is most fitting that the government of the United States should participate in this Exposition and support it liberally with Fed- eral funds. I count it a high personal honor to stand here by appointment of the best friend of the American Negro since Abraham Lincoln, President Franklin D. Roosevelt, and to work alongside those distin- guished Americans, Dr. Patterson of Tuskegee, and your own Congressman Mitchell, on the Commis- PRESIDENT FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT, Who Appointed the United States Commission sion representing the United States Government in this splendid enterprise. It is proper, too, that the Exposition should be located in Illinois, the home of Abraham Lincoln who started the American Negro on his march of progress, and in the city of Chicago where that march has reached perhaps its broadest advance. For I say to our visitors from other cities and other states, you will not find the whole story of Negro progress within the walls of this Coliseum. You will find it in our Negro business houses, our Negro newspapers, our Negro insurance com- panies, our Negro churches, and our Negro homes. You will find it in our Negro representation in the City Council of Chicago, in the Board of Commis- sioners of Cook County, in the General Assembly of Illinois, in the Congress of the United States, and on our Federal bench. And may I pause here to pay tribute to my gocd friend, Judge Herman Moore of the United States District Court of the Virgin Islands, whose nomi- nation for that office it was my privilege to suggest to President Roosevelt. I trust that Judge Moore will be here during the course of this great Fair. For I feel that any exposition of the progress of his race would be incomplete without him. It is fitting, too, that we should be gathered here on the Fourth of July, the birthday of freedom of all Americans. The liberties which were proclaimed to the world as the right of Americans 164 years ago today take on a new significance in this year 1940, when elsewhere in the world freedom seems about to perish from the earth. In this hour we need for all Americans the in- tense partiotic devotion of the American Negro. Some of us are too far removed from the serfdom of our ancestors to appreciate fully our American heritage. We need the unwavering loyalty of the Negroes who fought beside us in four wars before and after slavery — with Jackson in the defense against the British invaders of Georgia, on a hun- dred bloody fields of the War between the States, with Theodore Roosevelt at San Juan hill, and un- der Pershing on the battlefields of France. In the hour of peril the American Negro has never failed his country. He will not fail it now. America hates war and loves peace. And we shall constantly seek peace in the troubled days ahead. But we shall be, in the words of the spiritual, "travelling in a most unfriendly world." For that journey we must be prepared. We have embarked on a great program of national defense. We have appropriated billions of dollars for ships and guns and airplanes in the hope that in strength there may be peace — lasting and honorable peace. But dollars alone will not complete that program. It calls for men. Men to take their places in our armed forces that they may be trained for service on land, on sea, and in the air. Men to sweat and toil in the building of our ships, the forging of our guns, and the construction of our roads and our fortifications. In that service the American Negro will add an- other chapter to his glorious history. You may spell Afro-American with a hyphen if you will ; but there is no hyphen in the Negro's allegiance to America DR. F. D. PATTERSON, President of Tuskegee Institute Page Five GOVERNOR HENRY HORNER OF ILLINOIS, Chairman of the Commission of the State of Illinois This is truly a won- derful Exposition. I know that the Negroes of America who make the pilgrimage to Chi- cago this summer will be exalted with racial pride. Yet, as one who has Seen it Closely be- Cong. Arthur W. Mitchell fore its public opening, I can say it has a mes- sage for all Americans. I hope that in the weeks to come, millions of Americans, regardless of color, will come here and get that message. To find words to express that message, I go back forty-seven years, to an address delivered at the opening of another great Exposition, the Cotton States and International Exposition at Atlanta, Georgia, September 18, 1893. I refer, of course, to the historic oration on that occasion by Booker T. Washington. That speech, which marked the first time Dr. Washington spoke to an audience representing the wealth and culture of the South as well as the leaders of his own race, has survived as one of the greatest examples of public speaking in American literature. MAYOR EDWARD J. KELLY OF CHICAGO, Chairman of the Committee of the City of Chicago You will recall that Dr. Washington told the story of the disabled ship, which had drifted for many days in the South Atlantic, and which finally sighted a friendly vessel. The frantic captain ran up a signal on his masthead which said in the lan- guage of the sea : "Water, Water ; for we die of thirst." And the other ship ran up its signal which said: "Cast down your bucket where you are." The signals were repeated several times and fin- ally the doubting captain obeyed the admonition, and drew up from the ocean, pure, fresh, water; for he was at the mouth of the mighty Amazon River. And Dr. Washington turned to the great business leaders of the South, who were seeking help in the era of industrial expansion then opening, told them to look to the eight million Southern Negroes, and said: "Cast down your bucket where you are." And so, today, to America which seeks men of fresh courage, men used to heavy labor and to win- ning against heavy odds, men deeply devoted to God and to our American heritage of freedom, I say to America: Come here to this American Negro Exposition, hear its message, and "Cast down your bucket where you are." I thank you. Page Six Leaders of Both on Fair Roster © Exposition is result of five years work Leaders of both races have worked together with flawless cooperation in insuring the success of this exposition, the first Negro World's Fair ever held. For five years, the best Negro minds in the coun- try have met together, planned, created, designed — till today the exposition stands as a thing of beauty and culture, a true and understandable picture of the achievements of the race. President Franklin D. Roosevelt himself selected the United States Auxiliary Commission to repre- sent him and the nation as a whole: U. S. Senator James M. Slattery, Congressman Arthur W. Mitch- ell, Dr. F. D. Patterson, president of Tuskegee In- stitute, and Wilson Lambert, Continental Illinois Bank, secretary and treasurer of the U. S. Com- mission. Management is in the hands of the Exposition authority. James W. Washington, who conceived the idea four years ago and was successful in get- ting legislation introduced and passed in the Illinois general assembly a year ago, appropriating $75,000 in state funds for the event, is president. Truman K. Gibson, Jr., prominent young attorney, is exe- cutive director with A. W. Williams, president of the Unity Mutual Insurance Company, secretary- treasurer. Other members of the authority are L. L. Ferguson, general manager of the Jackson Funeral system; Robert Bishop, assistant to Gov- ernor Horner of Illinois and Claude Barnett, di- rector of the Associated Negro Press. Governor Horner heads a state commission as chairman. Vice chairman is Civil Service Commis- sioner Wendell E. Green of Chicago, with Rep. William J. Warfield as secretary. Other mem- bers are Rep. Charles J. Jenkins of Chicago, State Senators Nicholas Hubbard, A. L. Marovitz, W. A. Wallace, Arnold P. Benson and Earl Searcy along with Reps. August C. Greve, Louis G. Berman and Andy O'Neill, with the following appointed by the governor: Dr. E. M. A. Chandler, Major R. A. Byrd, the Rev. A. A. Crim and Dr. M. O. Bousfield. Also showing personal interest in the exposition is Mayor Edward J. Kelly of Chicago, chairman of TRUMAN K. GIBSON, Jr. brilliant young Chicago attorney, who is executive director of the mammoth American Negro Exposition. Despite his youth, Mr. Gibson has already attained an enviable reputation as a competent executive which influenced the Illinois State Com- mission for the Exposition, headed by Cn>v. Henry Horner, to select him as head of the coming nationwide celebration. A graduate of the University of Chicago law school, at 29 Mr. Gibson is also a member of the board of trustees of Provident hospital, a member of the board of directors of Supreme Liberty Life Insurance Company, and secretary of the Southside Hos- pital plan. a special city committee composed of Senators H. G. Ward and John B. Geary ; Aldermen J. B. Bow- ler, William A. Rowan, George D. Kells, Earl B. Dickerson, B. A. Grant, Patrick S. Smith and Abra- ham Cohen, along with James B. McCahey, presi- dent of the board of education; Oscar E. Hewitt, Barnet Hodes, W. A. Jackson and Charles Krutchoff. The board of directors is composed of William P. Page Seven Harrison, chairman; James W. Washington, A. W. Williams, L. L. Ferguson, Claude Barnett, the Rev. Joseph M. Evans, Atty. Henry C. Ferguson, A. N. Fields, Mrs. Irene McCoy Gaines, Lucius C. Harper, Burton W. Lewis, Anthony Overton, the Rev. B. U. Taylor, the Rev. L. A. Thomas, Jacob Tipper, Wil- lard S. Townsend, Mrs. Nannie Williams, Major R. R. Jackson, Madam Freda Cross, Richard Jones, and Rev. D. Z. Jackson. How Exposition Was Born The United Cooperative League of America, Inc., was organized in Chicago, 111., December, 1934, with James W. Washington as president ; Dr. Marcus H. Bennett, a native of Kansas, served as the first sec- retary from 1934 to 1936. Mrs. Minniebelle Der- rick, deceased, was secretary from 1936 to the time of her death, September, 1938. Korressa Alston Fox has served as corresponding secretary and as- sistant manager to the founder, James W. Washing- ton, for ten years. Attorney Henry Hammond was legal advisor. Early Location The first location of the League's offices was 55 East Garfield boulevard; office was later moved to Franklin Bank building, 3451 South Michigan ave- nue for two years and occupied a suite of three rooms ; in 1937 the League moved to 366 East 47th street and shared quarters with the Derrick Busi- ness school and John Coleman, a bondsman. After the death of Mrs. Derrick, the League's offices moved to the residence of Mr. and Mrs. C. R. Songer, 5317 South Wabash avenue, to carry on their activities until the commissioners were ap- pointed by Governor Henry Horner; they passed upon our present headquarters at the Appomattox club, 3632 South Parkway, as the Administration Building of the American Negro Exposition, for which rent has been paid for the period up to and including January to September, 1940, out of the funds appropriated by the State of Illinois. The United Cooperative League of America, Inc., brought into being the Afra-Merican Emancipation Exposition, Inc., through whom the State of Illinois made the appropriation of $75,160. The founder, James W. Washington, has traveled by train, bus and automobile 135,000 miles in the interest of the Exposition. He secured the rental of the Coliseum for $22,500 about one year and (Continued on Page 47) THEY HEAD RELIGIOUS ACTIVITIES AT CHICAGO EXPOSITION Denominational lines hare been forgotten as outstanding ministers of all faiths banded together to assemble the Religious Ex- hibit and arrange for each Sunday's program at the American Negro Exposition. Officers and committee chairmen, shown in the above picture, are, seated, left to right, Rev. R. Thomas, second vice president; Bishop James A. Bray, first vice president; Dr. L. K. Williams, general chairman; Rev. A. Alfred Watts, secretary; Rev. S. H. Sweeney, first assistant secretary; Rev. J. H. L. Smith, second assistant secretary. Standing, left to right, are. Revs. U. S. Robinson, Sunday programs; J. C. Austin, publicity; W. L. Liddell, music; T. E. Brown, pageant; W. T. Bock, representing J. W. Eichclbcrgcr, corresponding secretary; W. R. Jackson, finance; A. Wayman Ward, research; Joseph Evans, third vice president; H. L. Cavers, fourth vice president, and Juliah H. Smith, religious education. Page Eight THE COURT OF DIORAMAS DIORAMAS AND THE EXHIBIT OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS # The history of the Negro illustrated in three dimensions At the central entrance to the Exposition is the Court of Dioramas, spectacularly beautiful, histori- cally important. Thirty-three dioramas in all illustrate the Ne- gro's large and valuable contributions to the prog- ress of America and the world. In the center of the court is a replica of the Lincoln Memorial which, like the dioramas, was produced by negroes under the personal direction of Erik Lindgren, Illi- nois State Director of Exhibits. These dioramas are acclaimed by all who have seen them as the finest examples of this branch of the fine arts ever created. Mr. Lindgren, born in Stockholm, Sweden, and educated at a Swedish University, held commis- sions in both the Swedish and Finnish Armies, and saw service in the war between Finland and Russia. A champion athlete and an expert in skiing he served in the capacity as a ski instructor in the service of both the aforementioned armies. Twenty-five years ago while visiting his father on the German-Swiss border, he became interested in the art of creating dioramas and, under the tute- lage of a famous Swiss builder, he was taught a method of erection of the diorama which permitted even an unskilled me- chanic to produce them. After graduation from the Art Institute in Chi- cago, Mr. Lindgren be- came engaged in the pro- duction of dioramas and over the past fifteen years, examples of his art have been exhibited throughout America and many foreign countries. He constructed the dioramas for the Century of Progress, and both of the expositions now in prog- ress in New York and San Francisco. It can be stated without reservation that he is the world's outstanding authority and designer of the diorama art. Page Nine ERIK LINDGREN, State Director of Exhibits AFRICAN SMELTING— No. 4 Dioramas and Descriptions 1. City of Kharnak, Building Temple. The temple at Kharnak — a monument to the genius of forgotten artisans and builders who created the glory that once was Africa. 2. Building the Sphinx. The mystery of time and change and man's in- humanity to man must have puzzled the dark, thoughtful men who shaped the Sphinx. 3. Ethiopians Using First Wheel. That many uses of the wheel were known to the early Ethiopians — if not, indeed, discov- ered by them — is indicated by their novel means of drawing irrigation water. 4. Africans Smelting. Glimpses of the dim age in which Africa gave the world its first smelted iron still shine in tribal scenes like this one. 5. Slave Trade in Africa. The saga of the American Negro, "the black thread which has run through our destiny," begins with a transaction between Arabs and privateers on a sandy African beach. 6. First Slaves in Virginia. To the Virginia coast came "a Dutch man of Warre who sold us twenty Negars." 7. Pietro Alonzo, Pilot of San Maria. Pietro Alonzo, il Negro, captain of the "Nina." It was not always as a slave that the black man played his role in the American epic. 8. Estevanico in Arizona, 1532. In the "Journal of Cabeva de Vaca" Estevanico is credited with the discovery of the Zuni In- dians and New Mexico, 1532. 9. Crispus Attucks, First Martyrs. "This was the declaration of war. . . . The Eng- lish-speaking world will never forget the noble daring, the excusable rashness of (Crispus) Attucks in the holy cause of liberty." — John Adams. 10. Large Cotton Plantation — Slavery Period. Despite a bitter Civil War and the consequent blow to plantation economy of the South, Kirg Cotton keeps his throne — as millions of Ne- groes know. 11. Matt Henson at North Pole. With Peary in 1909 went Matt Henson, Negro, in the search for the North Pole. 12. Drawing Water for Irrigation. In some cases the green hills of Africa are green because of irrigation. Devic? occcn used for truck gardening was the calabash. 13. The 10th Cavalry at San Juan Hill (1898). One feature of the Negro's Americanization is his ready participation in the wars of his country. The assault on San Juan Hill, 1898, is an instance. Page Ten FIRST SLAVES IN VIRGINIA— No. 6 14. Georgia Slaves Defending Plantation Against British Soldiers (1779). "There was skirmishing on Mr. McGillivray's plantation between Negroes and rebels, and the latter were driven into the woods. — Royal Georgia Gazette, November 18, 1779. 15. Isaac Murphy, King of Jockeys. Almost gone from the American scene are the colorful, jewel-studded Negro jockeys of the past generation. But, Isaac Murphy, most brilliant of them all, is no sundown name. 16. World War: I. First American Negroes decorated for bravery in France during the World War. 17. Boy Scouts. "I, too, sing America. I am the darker brother." 18. Gold Rush. The epic movement of Americans to the West in the middle of the last century included many Negroes. 19. Modern Building; Port Au Prince. Haittian progress — as exemplified by the Agri- cultural College — is followed with warm inter- est by their cousins in the U. S. 20. Beginning of Negro Business. Negro business, unashamed of its humble be- ginnings, points with pride to steady, deter- mined growth and improvement. 21. Construction of the First White House. So pleased was Thomas Jefferson with the abilities of Benjamin Banneker that he se- cured for him a place on the Commission that surveyed and laid out the city of Washington, D. C. 22. Reconstruction. Included among the "hard trials" of the fa- miliar Spiritual, is the housing problem. Long accustomed to taking over abandoned white dwellings, the Negro finds not even these avail- able. 23. In the House of the Master. Slavery destroyed household gods, severed the bonds of home and forced the uprooted peoples of Africa to forget memories of their home- land. k 1 1 \ «W FIRST MARTYRS Page Eleven RECONSTRUCTION AFTER THE CIVIL WAR— No. 22 24. Broken Bonds. The throngs of Negro families who followed Sherman's advancing army made a tragic pic- ture — a picture of the disorganization which came as a result of the dissolution of the plan- tation system. 25. In the House of the Mother. A refuge from a hostile world was provided in the family circle of kinsmen and orphans under the guardianship of mother or grand- mother. 26. In the House of the Father. Upon the pioneer efforts of the freed men who first accepted the challenge of manhood responsibilities were built the family, the church, the school, and industry. 27. In the City of Destruction. To man the mills and factories of northern industry, a million black folk fled from feudal America to modern civilization. In the city many simple folkways of the South were lost. 28. In the City of Rebirth. For black men and women the travail of civili- zation is not ended. Color caste is dissolving. Black workers are helping to build a new America. 29. Baptism of the Ethiopians. 30. Esquire Cartoon. By the famous race cartoonist Simms Camp- bell. 31. Philip and the Ethiopians. 32. The Warm Springs Negro School. The old Warm Springs, Georgia, Negro School. 33. New Negro School. The new Eleanore Roosevelt School, in Warm Springs, built in 1936. This is the last school to be built through aid of the Julius Rosen- wald fund. LINCOLN EXHIBIT The Illinois State booth continues the exhibit of dioramas with a special study of Lincoln, the Eman- cipator. Outstanding in their attention to minute detail are the Lincoln-Berry Store and the Rutledge Tavern : The Lincoln-Berry Store The Lincoln-Berry Store, in miniature, is an exact copy of the store in New Salem. The details in the store have been faithfully copied from the originals. A staff of artists spent two days studying the interior, making sketches, notes, and taking photo- graphs of the building. The little bedroom behind the store is exactly as it is in the store today, that is the color of the quilt, the tables, and other details which have been copied from the premises. All bottles, hay forks, plows, and barrels are constructed in scale with the build- ing and are correct in every detail. This particular model should be of great interest Page Twelve BROOKFIELD ZOO to students of the great Abraham Lincoln, as it the American people, because this building was the shows the surroundings in which he worked as a home of Ann Rutledge. young man. This little model is an exact replica of the tavern The Rutledge Tavern as ^ stands in New Salem today. Of all the buildings in New Salem, the Rutledge Lincoln occupied the room upstairs when he first Tavern has perhaps the most sentimental value to became a citizen of the little village, New Salem. THE LINCOLN-BERRY STORE Page Thirteen ARTIST SCOTT AT WORK MURALS 75 YEARS OF PROGRESS # Theme of the Exposition Surrounding the general exhibition hall and the Court of Dioramas are the murals that carry the theme of this exposition, the first Negro World's Fair ever held. The murals on display, which depict important scenes of events of the Negroes during the past 75 years, are the works of the internationally fam- ous painter W. E. Scott. Mr. Scott's paintings have been exhibited in many of the outstanding galleries throughout the world and the Exposition Author- ity feel they were most fortunate in obtaining the services of this master of the brush and palette. The titles of the murals on display and brief descriptions are: THE DEBATE. This scene depicts the proposed debate between Frederick Douglas and Stephen A. Douglas, the latter failed to appear and a local Judge substi- tuted for him. After the debate, which was eas- Page Fourteen ily won by Frederick Douglas, the townspeople threw the Judge through the window. William Edouard Scott — worked three years under the direction of H. O. Tanner in Paris after previous training at the Chicago Art Institute and the Julian Academy in Paris. He has exhibited at all the larger galleries in the Uni- ted States as well as in Paris salons and the Royal Academy of London. His pictures are owned by the governments of several foreign countries, and over 200 state capitols, hospi- tals and churches display his murals permanently. He is listed in Who's Who in Amer- ica, Who's Who in Chicago, and Who's Who in American Art. ENTERTAINING ROYALTY. Portrays the Fisk University Jubilee Singers be- fore the late Queen Victoria. MUSIC AT LINCOLN SHRINE. Marion Anderson portrayed singing the Star Spangled Banner at Lincoln Memorial. INTERRUPTION. (Above) Portrays the Negro after the Civil War attempt- ing to educate himself with books, and being in- terrupted by the Ku Klux Klan riders. ONE WAY OUT. Scene depicts Booker T. Washington, Julius Ros- enwald and the great scientist George W. Carver. OLD CHURCH ATHLETICS (2 Murals on Sports). (A) Portrays Joe Lewis, Henry Armstrong, and Jack Blackburn. (B) Shows the finish of an Olympic Games track event portraying Ralph Metcalfe and Jesse Owens. ONE WAY OUT Page Fifteen HAITTI. (Above) Portrays Cristoff the slave, who made himself King, building the Citadel, often considered the 8th Wonder of the World. LOCAL HAITTIAN COLOR. Portraying a wayside restaurant, with the tor- tillas baking and the peasant woman looking on. NEGRO CONGRESSMAN. The first seven Negro Congressmen immediately following the Civil War. AID TO ETHIOPIA. Scene portrays Colonel Robinson with Hallie Se- lassie in Ethiopia. DuSABLE TRADING WITH THE INDIANS. 40 ACRES AND A MULE Page Sixteen THANKS FOR FREEDOM. (Above) NEW CHURCH. A group of Negroes thanking President Abraham Portraying the modern church of today Lincoln, the great emancipator, for obtaining ,,,.„ n^p^r,. /ri » . ,. , x ., . j. , WAR SCENES (Group of 4 Murals). their freedom. THE SHARECROPPER. This scene depicts the poverty of the share- cropper. (A) World's War. (B) Ben Davis Graduates From West Point. (C) Shaw's Black Regiment. (D) Lewis & Clark's Expedition with York. HP£2 THE DEBATE Page Seventeen STEEL MILL DIORAMA— DEPT. OF LABOR GENERAL EXHIBITS CULTURAL . . . INDUSTRIAL . . . SCIENTIFIC In the main hall of the Exposition are dozens of spectacular exhibitions, booths and displays by governmental and private agencies. Their scope of interest is broad, as broad as the scope of Negro influence on American and world civilization. % UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR The specially prepared exhibit on industrial safe- ty of the United States Department of Labor con- tains two central, modeled dioramas, and four large painted panels. The complete unit is framed in realistic simulated steel beams which, unless tap- ped by the visitor, seem to be actual I-beams made of steel. The primary aim of the exhibit is to ex- plain the safety problems of the foundry industry, but artistic factors have not been subordinated, and the exhibit is strikingly arranged. As part of the safety campaign going on through- out the country, the Labor Department has con- structed displays to explain forcefully to the gen- eral public, methods used to solve safety problems in some of our largest industries. This exhibit por- trays specifically the foundry industry. The safety lesson is built around two dioramas. The first diorama shows a foundry with deplorable conditions, lacking safety devices and standards, Page Eighteen and overrun with all the dirt and debris that a foundry can accumulate. The second, contrasting diorama has been constructed to show the same foundry so improved as to make possible safe work- ing conditions for employes. This second diorama shows a foundry with the accident hazards removed and modern improvements installed. These foundry models are exact in every detail. They were constructed with the advice of foundry experts ; they portray a change that has repeatedly occurred in foundry after foundry throughout the country. Both dioramas are skillfully constructed on a third dimensional scale so that they give the impression to the observer that he is looking at, or is actually in a real plant. The exhibits were built by carefully gluing board on board, piece on piece, to form the walls, columns, roofs, and trusses of these model buildings. Then came the detail work, the sculpturing of the figures, the construction of the molds, the pouring buckets, the railway, the crane, and innumerable other details. The foundry with a lack of safety standards con- tains piles of dirt and slag in exactly those places where they would be found in a poorly run foundry ; spraying bars and debris are shown in those spots where such hazards tend to accumulate under mis- management. The details in this unit indicate con- cretely that such foundries operate under a severe hazard handicap. A typical detail shown is an over- turned bucket spilling water; which creates a seri- ous explosion hazard in the event that a drop of molten metal were to strike the spilled water. The second diorama is a display of the same building constructed in the same fashion with sim- ilar fundamental equipment and an identical num- ber of workers employed. However, instead of dirt and debris, there is good housekeeping, control and order. The floor is clean, dry sand; in place of scattered tools and equipment in dangerous posi- tions, each unit is neat and orderly. Instead of fumes, gases, and dust in the plant, there is clean air created by a ventilating plant shown in opera- tion. The workers in this model are dressed in suitable clothes, heavy trousers, and safety shoes. The contrast is carried out in every respect. Dan- ger, waste and slothfulness are replaced by safety, economy and neatness. The background of the exhibits consists of four large murals which enlarge on the theme of the diorama models, and portray interestingly groups of dangerous occupations. In the center of the exhibit is an explanatory panel with the legend : A FACTORY FORMULA GOOD HOUSEKEEPING plus SAFE WORK METHODS plus PROPER EQUIPMENT plus SENSIBLE DESIGN equals HEALTH AND SAFETY OF WORKERS plus STEADIER PRODUCTION plus LOWER INSURANCE COSTS IT CANNOT FAIL The two foundry dioramas are lighted and con- tain moving units, such as shifting freight cars; and as a result they possess increased attention holding ability. # The Mechanical Man The Mechanical Man is part of the exhibit of the U. S. De- partment of Labor. His oft-repeated speecli is given here in full : How do you do, friends. It seems quite fitting that a mechanical man should welcome you to the Labor Section in this Exhibit. As you see, I am a creature of craftsmanship, the work of modern mechanics and, incidentally, I am proof that skilled workers of today are fully as competent and per- haps more versatile than artisans of yesterday. Many people today believe that modern produc- tion methods have greatly reduced the opportuni- ties for trained craftsmen. We frequently hear the prophesy that the wage earner of tomorrow will be a sort of robot, a mere machine tender, and will have no possible use or market for a skilled trade. u. s. DEPA RTMENT OF LABOR Nothing could be further from the truth. There are more crafts and more craftsmen today than ever before in history. The so-called stream- lined production industries actually have increased their demand for skilled mechanics. As a matter Page Nineteen MODEL OF FWA EXHIBIT of fact, the most highly mechanized industrial oper- ation could not carry on a single day without a corps of competent craftsmen. It is true that certain changes in ways of living and changes in the demand of consumers have greatly curtailed opportunities in some of the old- est crafts. Familiar examples are wagonmakers, coopers, harness and saddle makers, dressmakers, milliners, and cigarmakers. But these shifting trends have also developed or extended scores of other crafts in which thousands of our citizens are now engaged. Illustrations of comparatively new trades are automobile and air- craft mechanics, photo-engravers, electricians, structural steel workers, and welders. In all likelihood the years just ahead will see new industries come into being, bringing along with them the need for still different crafts or at least some modification of the skill demanded by exist- ing ones. It is certain that today a skilled craft is the wage earners best job insurance. This has been amply proved during the depression years. Even today, in spite of considerable unemployment in the coun- try, there is a recognized shortage of skilled work- ers in certain trades. Fortunately a youth of today can master a trade under better conditions and with perhaps more as- surance of competency than in the past. In recent years many of our States have provided agencies to set up well defined standards of apprenticeship. The agencies are staffed by experienced and practi- cal representatives of labor and management. Un- der these modern arrangements the apprentice is not only provided with adequate on-the-job train- ing, but is also given correlated instruction through the school system. Millions of youths of today will be wage earners among the citizens of tomorrow. Collectively they will form the nation's most important group of pro- ducers and consumers. As individuals, trade train- ing will not only make them more important as Page Twenty producers but also more potent as consumers. Un- questionably in the world of tomorrow the crafts- men will earn more, spend more, and live better than the handy man, or the jack of all trades ! 6 Federal Works Agency The contribution of the Federal Government to the social and economic progress of the American Negro is the theme of the Exhibit of the Federal Works Agency occupying a commanding space in the Exposition Hall. The Federal Works Agency is continuing the poli- cies of Negro participation in the Government's public works program that were established by the five major construction and employment activities that have now been consolidated under the FWA through the President's Reorganization Plan No. 1. These five activities are represented by the Work Projects Administration, United States Housing Authority, Public Works Administration, Public Buildings Administration, and Public Roads Ad- ministration. Employment opportunities for Negro workers have been assured in each of these agencies, either by Congressional legislation as in the Work Proj- ects Administration, or by administrative regula- tions as in the United States Housing Authority and Public Works Administration, or by long stand- ing practice as in the older Public Buildings Ad- ministrations and Public Roads Administration. This employment has covered a wide range of occu- pations from unskilled labor to professional and policy-making positions. It has included building maintenance workers, skilled building trades me- chanics and technicians ; such professional workers as physicians, dentists, nurses, teachers, lawyers, engineers, architects, economists and social work- ers ; such artists as painters, actors, musicians and writers ; and such administrative employees as con- sultants, housing managers, clerical and steno- graphic workers. • FWA In every corner of the land public buildings have been developed by these agencies : schools, libraries, housing projects, auditoriums, recreational centers, armories, courts, and prisons, too. Mile after mile of highways have been stretched across the land. Dams have been built to control floods and create sources of power. Rivers have been bridged and swamps drained. This program of public works and war upon un- employment, initiated by the five constituent agen- cies, has been coordinated for more effective ad- ministration under the direction of FWA. WPA Creates Employment; Services the Nation Touching the lives of more individuals than any other of the FWA agencies, the Work Projects Ad- ministration has for four and a half years been engaged in a gigantic struggle to relieve unemploy- ment, to raise the standard of living, and to increase the purchasing power of the American people. Dur- ing these years, one out of every five Americans has received some direct benefit from the 250,000 WPA projects distributed throughout the country, and employing as many as 3,000,000 workers in a given year. Negro Americans, who have suffered keenly from unemployment, have shared in the varied activities of this cast program. New employment opportuni- ties in a wide range of occupations have been cre- ated. Important social services which contribute to their well-being have been made available to them. Public facilities have been developed in their communities. During 1939 an average of 300,000 Negro work- ers were employed on WPA projects. It is esti- mated that these workers received some $15,000,000 in monthly wages. More than a million Negro citi- zens, including dependent members of these work- ers' families owed their livelihood directly to the WPA. This employment has been facilitated by Congressional legislation imposing penalties uro l any person who deprives an eligible person from benefits of the WPA on account of race, creed or color. Negro WPA workers did work of all kinds. In the WPA's art projects, they found a rare oppor- tunity to show their talents as artists, sculptors, writers, actors, and scenery designers. As musi- cians they composed music and played in orches- tras. They sang in choral groups over the radio, at the World's Fair, and before the King and Queen of England. They taught classes of all sorts, and they played an important part as leaders in or- ganized recreation. As doctors, dentists, pharma- cists and nurses, they helped local health agencies to extend their services among the underprivileged and to spread health education. White-collar work- ers were employed as clerks, stenographers, typists, statisticians, operators of calculating machines, draftsmen and map makers. Among Negro skilled workers were mechanics, electricians, pipe fitters and layers, steel and sheet metal workers, black- smiths, tractors and truck operators, air hammer and compressor operators,, carpenters, painters, masons, bricklayers, plasterers, cement workers, saw filers, gardeners, tree surgeons and firemen. Negro workers found many opportunities for vo- cational training on WPA projects, as well as at adult education classes in such subjects as radio, woodwork, metalwork, and music. Young white- collar workers learned to make maps and to oper- ate many kinds of computing machines. Negro women learned to sew, to make household neces- sities from scrap materials, and were trained as domestic workers on household training projects. In every section of the country, North and South, East and West, eligible Negro workers found em- ployment on WPA projects. Educational, health, recreational and other social services were likewise made available to colored persons in all sections of the country. Decent Housing for Masses Aim of the USHA Like WPA, the United States Housing Authority gives work to the unemployed. Its primary pur- pose, however, is to assist local communities in the eradication of slums by the development of low- rent housing projects. In this program, the USHA is meeting two of the most urgent problems of the Negro American — housing and employment. Survey after survey has indicated that great masses of Negroes are living in substandard dwell- ings for which they are compelled to pay high rents. They have not been able to get out of these slums and blighted areas, because decent, safe and sani- tary homes have not been available to them at ren- tals within their reach. The above photo shows Construction Foreman Evans (extreme left) with members of his staff. His was a twenty-four-hour a day job in supervising the construction of every exhibit, the hanging of every drape and placing of every lit/lit and effect that makes the Exposition Hall a thing of beauty long to remember. Page Twenty-One + THEY'RE IN "TROPICS AFTER DARK Some of the nation's leading stars will be found in the production, "Tropics After Dark." a major entertainment feature at the American Negro Exposition. Included in the cast are Pops and Lourie, top left, comedy dancing team; Johnson and Grider, lower left sensa- tional ballroom dancing duo, and Sweetie Pie De Hart, lower right, whose specialty, num- ber, "Dance of the Moods," is slated to be a hit. Top right shows part of the cast as it was being rehearsed by Teddy Blackman. Other head liners in "Tropics" include Mitzi Mitch- ell, Dick Montgomery, Ruble Blakeley and Fats Patterson, along with a chorus of brown beauties. Page Twenty-Two • FWA Throughout the Nation, local housing authorities are trying to meet this problem with the coopera- tion and financial assistance of the USHA. Dreary tenements and flimsy shanties are being torn down to make room for substantial and modern low-rent housing projects for small wage earners now living in substandard homes. As of April, 1940, local housing authorities had obtained the approval of loans from the USHA amounting to nearly $631,000,000 to pay 90 per cent of the development costs of 400 projects in 180 communities. These projects will rehouse 143,600 families. It is estimated that 47,000 of these will be Negro families. Of the 400 projects, at least 177 will be wholly or partially occupied by Negro families. Already 22 USHA-aided projects have been open- ed for occupancy and are now rehousing 8,600 families including nearly 800 colored families. Six of the projects are for predominant Negro occu- pancy while colored families are also living in six other projects. In addition, 7,500 Negro families are living in public housing projects developed by the PWA Housing Division and now administered by the USHA. Of the USHA-aided projects under construction as of April 1, 1940, there were 66 for predominant Negro occupancy. Not only shelter, but employment also is pro- vided by the program of the United States Hous- ing Authority. The development of the 160,000 dwelling units for which funds are available under the present program will involve a pay roll esti- mated at more than $225,000,000 for wages to workmen on the sites. In addition large sums will be received in wages by workers in supply indus- tries such as lumber, cement, brick, glass, steel, paint, trucking and railroads. In order to insure participation of Negro work- ers in this vast construction program, specific pro- tective measures have been taken. Clauses have been incorporated in building contracts indicating that the payment of certain minimum percentages of the skilled and unskilled pay rolls to Negroes shall be considered evidence of non-discrimination against these workers. Under terms of these agree- ments Negro workers in 81 communities through- out the country have received a total of $2,500,000 in wages, of which sum more than $500,000 went to skilled workers. The program also has created jobs for Negro architects, engineers and other technicians, as well as for professional and clerical personnel and man. agement and maintenance workers. Schools and Hospitals Developed by PWA Established as a stimulus to industry and em- ployment through the construction of public build- • Dr. Horace R. Cay- ton is one of the young- er scholars whose work in the fields of employ- ment, housing, and eco- nomics promise rapid advancement and achievement for Ne- groes in the city of Chicago. ings, the Public Works Administration has created jobs for Negro building trades workers and has greatly increased the number of school buildings, hospitals and other facilities for community use. To date, PWA has allotted funds for public works in all but three of the Nation's 3,071 counties. More than six billion dollars have been spent in the development of 34,500 projects. Of this sum, $1,205,452,000 was paid in wages on the site of construction. Negro workers, skilled as well as unskilled, have shared in these wages in accordance with the Terms and Conditions of PWA which require "that there shall be no discrimination because of race, creed, color, or political affiliations in the employment of persons for work. . . ." In addition to construction employment, PWA has created thousands of jobs through the stimu- lation of business activity in the production, fabri- cation and transportation of building materials. Throughout the Southern and border states mod- ern buildings have been erected at publicly-con- trolled schools for Negro youth. Well-lighted class- room buildings, fine new dormitories, well-equipped libraries and laboratories, spacious gymnasiums and auditoriums have enhanced the physical aspect of many a Negro college campus. In all, PWA has made allotments for more than $11,000,000 worth of construction for Negro colleges. In even a greater measure, the Negro elementary and high schools have benefited by the PWA pro- gram. New school buildings aided by PWA are valued at nearly $27,000,000 and afford accommo- dations for more than 120,000 Negro children in 24 states and the District of Columbia. Thousands of other colored students are attending mixed schools in northern states which have received PWA aid also. Page Twenty-Three ©FWA Just as PWA has expanded the educational facil- ities available to Negroes, it has also sought to im- prove their health standards through the construc- tion of hospitals. Through grants and loans PWA has increased the number of hospital beds avail- able to Negro patients by more than 7,200. The facilities range from seven ward buildings accom- modating 1,170 patients at the North Carolina Stale Hospital for the Insane in Goldsboro, to a five-bed ward at the Municipal General Hospital in Quitman, Georgia. One of the largest and most modern hospitals erected for Negro patients with the aid of PWA funds is the Homer G. Phillips Municipal Hospital in St. Louis. This imposing institution cost more than $3,000,000 and has a capacity of 685 beds. It is composed of five buildings including a nurses' home with dormitory space for 146 nurses and 24 internes. PWA's school building and hospital construction programs are merged in the development of the $700,000 tuberculosis annex at Freedman's Hospi- tal in Washington for the treatment of patients and the training of physicians. The annex when completed will have a capacity of 150 beds. PBA Constructs and Manages Government Buildings The Public Buildings Administration is an agency of many years standing. It is responsible for the construction and management of such Federal build- ings as post offices, custom houses, courthouses and departmental buildings in Washington. In recent years the construction of Federal buildings has been greatly increased. During the period 1934-40, nearly 2,000 new Federal buildings, outside the Dis- trict of Columbia, have been constructed at a cost of $315,000,000. Both in the construction and management phases of this program Negro workers have been employed. In Washington a large percentage of the thousands of custodial workers and elevator conductors are Negro men and women. Their work is of great importance in the housing of the National Govern- ment. Network of Highways Expanded by PRA The Public Roads Administration is also a perma- nent agency. It is responsible, in cooperation with the states, for the development of a vast network of highways throughout the Nation. As in other construction work, road building has been greatly stimulated in recent years by an emergency pro- gram carried on directly by the Federal Govern- ment without the financial assistance of the states. Meanwhile the Government and the states continue to cooperate on a 50-50 basis in the expansion of the Federal-State road system. AGRICULTURAL EXHIBIT # DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE The United States Department of Agriculture ex- hibit covers one of the largest areas at the Exposi- tion. Here in photographic montage and three-di- mensional illustration are lessons in crop rotation, strip cropping, terracing, contour cultivation, di- versification of crops, reforestation, fire prevention, soil erosion and its correction, better rural living and conservation. This exhibit is the result of a special meeting in Washington by leading governmental experts. Col- laborating were agricultural specialists of the great Negro universities. ® RELIGION In this beautiful exhibit are seven murals by Aaron Douglas (Chicagoans know him especially for his murals in the College Inn at the Hotel Sher- man). A most important feature of the Religious aspects of the Exposition is not visual: it is the assemblage each Sunday of one thousand voices for a choral concert under the direction of J. Westley Jones. ... A special exhibit is conducted by the Catholic churches in which the role of the Negro in Catholicism is graphically presented. 6 HEALTH . . MEDICINE Here is a "double feature" — a splendid presenta- tion by the United States Public Health Dept., the National Tuberculosis Association and leading hos- pitals, plus a Medicine Show. The Medicine Show consists of a continuous performance acted accord- ing to script written by Arna Bontemps, who also collaborated in the writing of the Cavalcade pre- sented in the Theatre. This is considered one of the most instructive exhibitions of the show. Page Twenty-Four • MUSIC The Exposition is especially indebted to the Co- lumbia Recording Company for supplying not only a fine booth, but also for presentation of 450 record- ings which are played over the loud speaker system. . . . John Hammond regularly lectures on spirituals and swing — the same lectures that have won him wide acclaim at Carnegie Hall in New York. Spe- cially presented are two albums of records contain- ing Negro work songs and other songs and music for and about Negroes. GCCC A graphic showing of the part played by the Ne- gro in the nation's Civilian Conservation Corps is here viewed with interest by many thousands daily. • NYA A feature of this exhibit, which shows the work of all the state NYA branches is the portrait of Mary McLeod Bethune, president of the Bethune- Cookman School, Daytona Beach, Fla., which has won national acclaim for its fine work. % HOBBY EXHIBIT General contributions from the public and from the schools make this a fascinating show of handi- craft, hobbies, collections, etc. A feature is a model railroad train. Meeting in the U. S. Department of Agriculture at Washington when agricultural experts conferred on the development of the government's agricultural exhibit at the American Negro Exposition. In the picture, second from left is T. M. Campbell, Tuskegee, field agent, U. S. Extension Service; third from left is A. L. Ilolsey. field officer, AAA. Miss L. ./. Jenkins, district home demonstration agent of Richmond, l'a., is second from_ right, with John B. Pierce, Hampton, field agent, U. S. Extension Service, at extreme right. They are conferring with Claude A. Bamett, extreme left, after meeting zvith division heads of the agricultural dept. • Phyllis Wheatly, in colonial limes, zoos the first Negro literary fig- ure in . Imerica. Her poems were commented favorably upon by George Washington and John Adams, and won her freedom for her. ® SPORTS Here are hung the trophies of Joe Louis, Henry Armstrong, Jessie Owens and other great Negro athletes. Stories about them are celebrated in pic- tures and art. A motion picture is continuously given which shows the achievements of the Negro in sports. 9 LITERATURE This is virtually a library of the finest in Negro literature and books about and for Ne- groes. Quite naturally, good space is given to the outstanding work of Carter G. Woodson, historian, writer of over half a hundred books, and founder of the As- sociation for Study of Negro Life and History. # LIBERIA This educational exhibit by the Fire- stone Rubber Co. describes this nation on the west coast of Africa as covering 43,000 square miles, with 350 miles of coastline. Monrovia, the capital, is named after President Monroe, during who^e ad- ministration first settlers arrived from America in 1820. It became a republic in 1847, with constitution and form of government patterned after that of the United States. . . . Population is estimated at two million, predominant occupation agriculture. Leading exports are rubber, coffee, cocoa, palm oil. . . . The Firestone plantation has over 75,000 acres under cultivation, and employs 15,000 native workers. Page Twenty-Five Plans for a special exhibit at the American Negro Exposition detailing the history of the Negro press from John Russworm's "Freedom's Journal" to the present day were discussed at this meeting, by representatives of leading newspapers and the Exposition. In the photograph, taken at Exposition headquarters in the Ap- pomattox club, seated, left to right, are A, N. Fields, Pittsburgh Courier; Carter Wesley, Houston Inform- er ; Roscoe Dunjee, Oklahoma City, Black Dispatch; Dr. C. B. Powell, New York Amsterdam ; A. J. Smith- erman, Buffalo Star ; C. A. Franklin, Kansas City Call; William O. Walker, Cleveland Call-Post and How- ard Murphy, Baltimore Afro-American. Standing, left to right, are Frank Marshall Davis, publicity di- rector; A. W. Williams, secretary-treasurer ; Claude A. Barnett, chairman publicity committee; Horace Cayton, assistant to executive director; Sherman Briscoe, Chicago Defender, and Atty. Truman K. Gibson, Jr., executive director. All those standing except Mr. Briscoe represent the Exposition. % JOURNALISM Two hundred and thirty Negro newspapers con- tributed their mastheads to a mural display in this booth. Hundreds of photographs for, by, and about newspapers augment the exhibit in a fashion that makes the visitor proud of the journalistic achieve- ments of his race. Due credit is given to Robert S. Abbott, editor and publisher of the Chicago De- fender which he founded as a weekly newspaper in 1905, a humble pioneer who has grown into a pow- erful journalistic force in the nation. • SOCIAL SECURITY The Social Security Act, passed in 1935 and amended in 1939, has enabled the American people to build a nation-wide system of protection against widespread causes of want. This exhibit shows what progress has been made during these six dra- matic years. • CITY OF CHICAGO The Salvatore Salla portraits of Mayor Kelly and Governor Horner are given a background of photo- murals showing the Negro in official public life aiding the advancement of his race. Of special in- terest is the model of the immense housing project at 39th street and South Parkway. ® BUSINESS MEN Here is a general exhibit showing the progress of the Negro in business. In addition, close by, are the booths of the National Negro Insurance Asso- ciation, the Liberty Life Insurance Co. and of the State of West Virginia which also shows the Negro in business and industrial life. • COMMUNITIES Educational material on Community Organiza- tions is here presented through the collaboration of such groups as the Urban League, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored Peo- ple, the YMCA and YWCA, and the Federated Wo- men's Clubs. m EDUCATIONAL Hampton, Fisk, Tuskegee, Howard, Atlanta U. — these schools, through the individual work of such men as President Patterson of Tuskegee, President Jones of Fisk, and Clement of Atlanta, offer an im- portant contribution to the Exposition. Amazing to almost every visitor is the painting showing the immensity of Tuskegee Institute, covering a vast area and containing dozens of buildings. Miniature models of many of the most important buildings are also shown. Page Twenty-Six SOLOISTS PREPARE FOR SONGS AT AMERICAN NEGRO EXPOSITION Rehearsals took place several times weekly by the YMCA-NYA chorus of Chicago in preparation for fre- quent appearances at the American Negro Exposition. The chorus has 150 young singers of both sexes. The photograph, taken at the Wabash Avenue YMCA where the groups rehearsed shows, Miss Frankye Brown, director of the chorus, and Miss Ruth Washington, pianist, discussing some of the numbers with several key members of the chorus who are, left to right, Misses Ethel Orr, Frances Wilson and Romesa Rahman, soprano soloists, and Rachelle King, assistant to Miss Browne. % CHICAGO SCHOOLS Always interesting are our children. This ex- hibit by the Chicago Public Schools shows splendid examples of the handicraft, woodworking, art and other activities engaged in by school boys and girls in Chicago. The schools, the children, and the parents are all proud of this display. * CHRYSLER CORP. Here one of the nation's leading industries is rep- resented by a firm that is proud to show how Ne- groes contribute to the making of automobiles. Ex- cellent photographs. # MASONS An array of Masonic emblems features this booth, which also has interesting photographs of high Negro officials in the Masonic order. • ELKS The Elks, too, let the public in on their important contributions to American fraternal life. Visiting Elks go here first. 6 BOYD BAPTIST This large book publishing company has a dis- play of its product, and sales are made to the public. 6 POSTAL BOOTH A bona-fide post office is located in the main hall of the Exposition for service and information pur- poses. • FIRST AID, Etc. A first aid department is conveniently located, lounges are numerous, and rest room facilities have been adequately provided by the Exposition authori- ties in expectation of daily crowds averaging 30,000. Page Twenty-Seven ART TANNER HALL— SOUTH # Greatest collection of Negro art ever assembled In the south hall (renamed Tanner Hall) of the Exposition is the Art Exhibit. Here you look upon that which is great art achieved through great la- bor and great inspiration, and which will live for- ever. Being great art is not only the expression of the Negro race, but of all races and of all human kind — but here is that particular expression that could not have been achieved by any but our own people. In Tanner Hall there are hung ten paintings by Henry 0. Tanner, the supreme artist of the Negro people — ten, which means there are more "Tanners" here than have ever been gathered together in one place, more than may ever again be seen at one time side by side. In the entire show are three hundred separate items selected from an original entry greater than five hundred. The jury was headed by Donald Cay- ton Rich of the Chicago Art Institute. Awards given for the finest entries are medal de- signs struck by Hale Woodruff, himself one of the best of modern painters and designers. The exhibit falls into seven natural groups listed below. Alonzo J. Aden, of Howard University, is curator. 1. Memorial Exhibit. Paintings by Henry 0. Tanner. 2. Early Painters. Paintings by E. M. Bannister and William Dun- canson. 3. Memorial Exhibits. Malvin Gray Johnson, Albert A. Smith. 4. Haimon Foundation Collection of Contemporary Negro Artists. 5. Exposition Show. Selection of contemporary Negro Art (Eastern and Western jury selections). 6. Exhibition of African Art. From Schomburg Collection, N. Y. ; Field Mus- eum Loan Collection, Chicago; Emory Ross Photographic Collection, N. Y. 7. Children's and School Art. Works of New York Artists in New York Ex- hibit. NORTH HALL A very beautiful and completely modern theatre has been especially built within the Coliseum for the Exposition. It will seat 4,000 people. Its pre- sentations are many and varied, and the long list of actors, singers, dancers and other entertainers contains the most brilliant and distinguished names to be found in the register of Negro talent. Two of the most attractive offerings will be Chimes of Normandy and Cavalcade of the Negro in the Thea- tre, both of which will have the same cast which was so hilariously successful in the swing version of Gilbert and Sullivan's Mikado. Arna Bontemps and Langston Hughes have written both the new score of Chimes of Normandy and the Cavalcade. They have incorporated within them music and ly- rics written by Negroes and many songs and dances which they have made famous over the whole nation. Charming Katharine Dunham and her dancers will be another of the attractions. America is en- Page Twenty-Eight chanted with her appealing, shocking, mystic and colorful interpretations of Negro life, rhythm, and music in the south, in the north and the West Indies. Motion pictures will be shown in the theatre throughout the day. They will be free of charge, and they will include a large number of subjects entertaining, educational, and completely informa- tive. Among the movies will be "The Negro in Education," prepared by the Rockefeller Foundation especially for the Exposition. Other movies will deal with Sports and famous sports events. Using the stage of this beautiful theatre during the course of the Exposition will be visiting concert singers, musicians and actors. This exposition will become a glowing and a fit- ting memorial in the minds of all those who visit here, to the talent and the personalities of the many great Negro fine artists of the stage who express so poignantly the spirit of their race. CHICAGO -YOUR HOST INFORMATION FOR VISITORS TO THE GREAT NEGRO CAPITAL OF THE MIDDLE WEST 6 Statistics . . . Facts . . . Figures . . . Chicago — youngest large city in the world — mili- tary post in 1812, incorporated community in 1837, and now slightly more than one hundred years old — has reached heights to which few cities may rise without those natural advantages which make for greatness. Today, with over 3,600,000 population, it is the fourth ranking city of the globe. Chicago is familiarly characterized The Great Central Market, the country's leading transporta- tion center and the city of diversified industry. The elements which are the direct cause of Chi- cago's significant growth in population, commerce and industry may be found in part in natural ad- vantages of location. At the foot of a great inland sea, center of a prairie empire, rich in fertility, fav- orable climate, and a wealth of natural resources — mineral, forest and agricultural — these were the unusual combination of conditions which foretold the foundation of a humming metropolis and which today exercise no less an influence on its future. All these generous gifts of nature would have meant little had not the area been settled by people of determination and vision. To the pioneer spirit of its founders, Chicago and its Metropolitan Area owe much. That this determination to move for- ward still prevails was best exemplified in the oper- ation of A Century of Progress, in 1933-34, when at the very bottom of a world depression, Chicago scoffed at the skeptics and carried through to an acknowledged success without any governmental subsidy. Important, also, is the fact that Chicago is the largest city near the country's centers of popula- tion, manufacturing and agricultural wealth. The natural hub of an economic empire, its future growth and that of its industries, is without parallel. When incorporated as a city in 1837 it had a pop- ulation of 3,297 and covered an area of 10.2 square miles. Today Chicago covers 212.8 square miles and shelters within its city limits more men, women and children than each of 38 states of the union. The industrial district, as officially defined by the U. S. Census Bureau, comprises the counties of Cook, Lake, DuPage, Kane and Will in Illinois, and Lake in Indiana, having a total area of 3,596 square miles. Chicago is the pre-eminent city of diversified industry, combining in advantageous manner, every essential facility and condition for the successful production and distribution of a wide variety of commodities. Facts warrant the statement that practically every product satisfying human needs can be made and sold in Chicago. Adequate labor, cheap power, abundant raw materials, superior transportation, advantageous locations and a great central market — all are available. Cities are frequently known for leadership in one or a few industries. Chicago is known for the equal opportunities it offers to all. From official records at least two hundred and fifty distinct classes of products are produced in Chicago and three hun- dred and fifty in its industrial area. The value of manufactured products for the city is averaging $3,500,000,000 annually, while its industrial area adds nearly $1,500,000,000 more to this total. Chicago is the recognized central clearing house for middle west labor. This area furnishes all classes of labor, skilled and unskilled, that any character of operation may require. Industrial workers, alone, in the metropolitan area number more than 500,000 — an army of factory employees greater than the individual populations of Dela- ware, New Mexico, Nevada, Vermont, or Wyoming. In addition, there are about one million other gain- fully employed persons. Chicago is the busiest spot on the nation's trans- portation map. It is the world's largest railroad center. No other city possesses its combined ad- vantages of rail, highway, water and air facilities. Chicago's unique situation in this respect has been a factor in its greatness. In volume of tonnage and extent of facilities, it is the largest railroad terminal in the world. It is estimated that approximately eight per cent of the entire railroad investment of the United States is centered in the Chicago Switching District. The network of railroads in this area covers approxi- mately 400 square miles. Radiating from the Chi- cago terminal are 22 trunk line railroads serving the entire nation. Within this area are located nine Page Twenty-Nine • Your Host terminal and belt lines; six industrial railroads; 5,717 miles of track ; 160 yards and 73 freight sta- tions. Terminal, belt and industrial switching lines have a total of 2,100 miles of track and serve over 3,800 industries having private track connections. In addition to the foregoing facilities, Chicago has three electric interurban lines furnishing f reight and passenger services, the Chicago Tunnel Company with 62 miles of underground track serv- ing the downtown district, and the Merchants Lighterage Company operating several barges on the Chicago River and furnishing a handy contact between industries and railroads. Average figures over several years show that Chicago ships 7,450 carloads and receives 7,370 car- loads of freight daily. 12,150 cars are handled daily by switching lines between points within the district. Including cars originating, cars delivered and cars moving through the Chicago district, its railroads handle approximately 66,640 cars each day. Greatest Train Center Recent investigation shows that every day 1,294 passenger trains carrying an average of 216,500 persons, arrive at or depart from Chicago stations. This volume of traffic is handled by 369 through and 925 suburban trains. Of the total passengers, 190,500 are suburban and 26,000 are through pas- sengers. These figures do not include persons who arrive at or depart from terminals other than those located in the central business area. A lake port at the foot of Lake Michigan, and with inland water connections to the principal cities of the Middle West, Chicago enjoys unusual advan- tages in waterway transportation facilities. Since the completion of the Illinois waterway, Chicago has become the leading inland waterway center of the nation. The new Illinois waterway development has in- creased in use each year since its opening in 1933. In that year 482,096 tons were handled into and out of Chicago, while in 1937, 2,469,822 tons, val- ued at $42,000,000, were transported. The water- way is particularly adapted to the movement of coal, sulphur, sand, gravel and oil products. Light- erage in the Chicago River amounted to 115,000 tons, valued at $55,111,000. Last year more water-borne commerce was han- dled in the Chicago district than passed through the Panama Canal. Chicago has 101 miles of waterfront — 52 miles equipped with dock and railroad facilities. The Chicago Harbor area is 714 acres, having a depth of 21 to 27 feet. Thirteen steamship lines serve the port district of Chicago, affording excellent pas- senger and freight transportation accommodations. Passenger traffic in 1938 amounted to 273,000 per- sons. Leading foreign and domestic commerce commodities transported via the Lake comprise oil, building material, ore, coal, food products, chemi- cals and wood and paper products. Highways The past ten years have witnessed a tremendous development in highway transportation. This rapid growth has taken place without restrictions or reg- ulation so that detailed statistics on the volume and scope of operations are not available. Information gathered by the Association of Com- merce indicates that approximately 500 motor car- riers operate to and from the Chicago district. Fifteen established motor bus lines operate out of Chicago from coast to coast, and to leading com- munities in the metropolitan area. Daily and hourly service is available to many sections in the Chicago territory. Chicago is also one of the air transport centers of the United States. Eight principal airlines have their terminals here. Seventy-six passenger and air mail planes enter and leave the Chicago Municipal Airport daily. Chicago's annual manufacturing, wholesale and retail trading volume totals nearly $7,000,000,000. "The Great Central Market" Chicago is the world's greatest grain, live stock, produce and lumber market. Leadership in the distribution of meat and other food products, dry goods, general merchandise, household utilities, furniture, agriculture machinery, jewelry, musical instruments, millinery, telephone equipment, radio and railway supplies may be cited as a few exam- ples justifying Chicago's claim to the title "The Great Central Market." Briefly, a greater quan- tity of commodities representing the vegetable, ani- mal and mineral kingdom pass through Chicago than any other city. On a one-fourth section of land, the size of an ordinary farm, in the heart of the city of Chicago, generally knwon to the world as "The Loop", is found the largest aggregation of retail stores and the most complete stocks of merchandise of every kind to be found in any similar area in the world. Within this district is State Street, famed for the number and size of its department stores. Outside Chicago's central business district are seventeen major and fifty -four minor shopping cen- ters, in themselves cities of importance from the standpoint of retail trade. Chicago is indeed a Mecca where the visitor and citizen may replenish stocks from the country's best retail and wholesale selections. Chicago is the second largest city in the country (Continued on Page 49) Page Thirty Page Thirty-One AMERICAN NEC "BtATBt tSJ Noer-H "Hall LifctETY Llf-tr lUSUEAUCt Co. Cc**nuNtTV C^CCAMkr^TlOUS] OUCAGO r4fi.T«:iMfct. WtGCO In*. AftVw tSoYD ] ] SPOBTS C&MOLIC * TuKrttfc tl ^TXJCi.TlOM 0.5.0tPTof-LAe>oG. G«eY»Lte|Ca.uMBa Co. tlett>Tt»ifc LlTtEATOEt Social. ?>tcoe.iTY Social ScrtrNCtrS i AHfcE-lC^ DIAMOND JUBIL Page Thirty-Two RO EXPOSITION nlHHHJ_ NyA _U NVA \Sf m I ^J NYA 5oO& f-T>UNTAIN ■OiOBAMAt) 4 I •i a 9 /I a 3 J O.tDfcPTOr- Ac=eicui-T<.ie.t LlMILOI.l's MDUUMfc-WT J 1 3 c 6 ("fcoteAi- Voe»i.5 ActMcv GoiDfc StrCVlct McoiclMfc Chj(- -iuo tfE st Aid [-r WtOEO J I. ' F= TT^ 0>-»-iet 1 ^' l Maim "Hall- I Mtr&120 txPOSlTlOkJ WCAGO COL-l^tTOM I6T* ^ V/W«>H Avt. July 4 Ti DtPT.2 HP 5ouT-ti -Mall EE Or PROGRESS Page Thirty-Three • Ethel Waters, one of the greatest of modern Negro women, views a portrait of Harriet Tub- man which appears in the gallery of fame at the Exposition. HALL OF FAME A Gallery of the Brightest Stars in the Firmament of Negro Achievement Of the thirty outstanding Negroes whose biographical sketches appear on the following pages, most have been honored with portraits appearing with the Scott murals at the Exposition. Most of these portraits have been executed by Salvatore tialla, well-known Chicago artist tvhose own star of fame is on the accendancy. MATTHEW HENSON, Arctic Explorer. The first man to set foot on the north pole, and the only living man to have done so are the two titles claimed for Henson, who accompanied Com. Peary's expedition in 1909. Henson served as a trail breaker in the arctic wastes for the expedition, and was thus a day in advance of Peary in reaching the pole. Peary, who at the time was a sick man, had Henson plant the Stars and Stripes at the pole so none of the other white members of the party could claim that distinction. Henson lectured on his trip to the pole in this country and in Europe, and for many years held a post in the office of the Collector of the Port of New York. Now 73 years old, he has just published a book of his polar experiences. Page Thirty-Four RICHARD WRIGHT, Prize Novelist. The dis- tinction of being the first Negro writer ever to win the Harper $500 prize for a novel, and of being the first Negro novelist to have his work chosen as the "book of the month" belongs to Richard Wright. In 1938 his "Uncle Tom's Children" won the Har- per prize and immediately became a best seller. In 1939 he won a Guggenheim fellowship, and wrote "Native Son," which was the book of the month club selection for March, 1940. The book is a great social document as well as an interesting novel, and it is predicted that it may do for the problem of the modern urban Negro what "Uncle Tom's Cabin" did for the problem of slavery. # Hall of Fame R. R. MOTON, Educator. From Hampton Insti- tute, where he was a member of the faculty and master of cadets, Moton went to Tuskegee Insti- tute as second president upon the death of Booker Washington. His great organizing ability and tal- ent for inter-racial cooperation strengthened the support of the school and aided in building upon the foundations laid by Washington. For his work in conciliation between the races and the establish- ment of co-operative working relations, Moton re- ceived the Spingarn Award for 1932. W. E. B. DuBOIS, Educator and Scholar. An honor graduate of Harvard, DuBois studied in sev- eral of the leading European universities before be- ginning his life work, the intellectual leadership of colored America. As an orator, lecturer, scholar, and author of more than a score of books which are found on the shelves of the libraries of the world, DuBois was also a man of action. He organized the Negro Sandhedrin, founded the National Associa- tion for the Advancement of Colored People, founded the Crisis magazine, served on the facul- ties of Fisk and Atlanta Universities, and has been a driving force in the demand of Negroes for com- plete and equal recognition as American citizens in all walks of life. PAUL ROBESON, Actor, Concert Star, Career Man. A career of dazzling brilliance in a dozen fields began for Robeson when he was a college stu- dent at Rutgers. He captained the football and basketball teams, was chosen for two years as end on Walter Camp's All-American team, won the cov- eted Phi Beta Kappa key for scholarship, took his law degree with honors from Columbia. Beginning in a small way as a singer, he has toured the world as a concert star, has appeared as soloist with the leading symphony orchestras of Europe, has ap- peared in a dozen stage successes in this country and in England, has been starred in a score or more of moving pictures in the United States, England, France and Russia. His most recent achievement was the introduction over the radio this winter of "Ballad for Americans," which bids fair to become a new national anthem. W. C. HANDY, Father of Modern Music. At the age of 66 Handy can look back upon a busy musical career as musician, composer, publisher, in which he has brought about the revolution of popular music. Composer of more than a hundred popular songs, his "St. Louis Blues" is recognized as the source from which jazz, swing and the syncopation motif in modern classical music has sprung. Roy- alties from his compositions have brought a sub- stantial fortune to him to accompany his fame. CARTER G. WOODSON, Historian. As a scholar, author and founder of the Association for Study of Negro Life and History, Dr. Woodson deserves a place of honor at the Exposition as the chronicler of the achievements of the Negro race. Prior to his efforts no scientific and organized plan of re- cording the share of the Negro in the history of America had ever been made. Histories and text books were written as though the black man had been a passive and unsharing factor in our civiliza- tion. Prepared for his life work by the best educa- tion Harvard, the University of Chicago, the Sor- bornne in Paris, and Heidleberg Universities could give, Dr. Woodson set to work to bring to light these dark pages of American Achievement by Ne- groes. As a result of his capable work more than half-a-hundred volumes of authentic and important historical records are now available in the libraries of the world. He organized the Associated Pub- lishers to publish the historical writings of colored scholars, issued pictures of outstanding Negro fig- ures, and established the annual celebration of Ne- gro History Week. HENRY ARMSTRONG, Multi-Title Holding Champion. The distinction of holding three world's prize-fighting championships at one and the same time belongs to Armstrong, who won the feather- weight, welterweight, and lightweight champion- ships of the world all within the brief space of eight months. Known as "Hurricane Henry" he repre- sents almost perpetual motion in the ring, and is called "pound for pound the greatest fighter of all times," by no less sports authority than Grant- land Rice. BOOKER T. WASHINGTON, Father of Indus- trial Education. Booker Washington represents a great peak in the record of Negro achievement since slavery, for he gave his people economic and industrial emancipation as truly as Lincoln freed them from bodily and political bondage. As an educator he early saw the need for training in trades and industries as a means of making Ne- groes self-supporting and by founding Tuskegee Institute took the first step toward making his dream a reality. Prior to his work, industrial train- ing was left to apprenticeship and to luck, but with the training instituted at Tuskegee, the whole field of education was revolutionized, and the mark of his work is found today in the public school and technical school systems of every country in the world. Washington was also a pioneer in the work of bringing the white and colored races to an un- derstanding and to work together to bring about the great progress of our country. His speech at the exposition at Atlanta is one of the great ora- tions of all times. He was the author of many books, was in demand all over the world as a lec- turer, and was called friend by the greatest men and women of his time. Page Thirty-Five G^^cc. D^, ihsL fi/iGAidsmt UNITY LIFE I 4719-21 South Indiana Avenue Phone Drexel 2653 Chicago, Illinois FELICITATIONS FROM THE PRESIDENT The President on behalf of the policy holders and staff of the UNITY MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY wishes to convey to the visiting public of the American Negro Exposition his heartiest felicitations. May your visit be a successful one and every hour enjoyable. A. W. WILLIAMS, President .'.■-•Trrii: :;:::: : i:::i , ::in: Page Thirty- iHimiiiminiimnM— mm," m i in 11 1 1 1 ri i i n n m itii 1 1 1 i t i iiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiii i i ii i i i i i iiiiiii i ii i i ili iiii n nTiTTTm 9 Hall of Fame JOE LOUIS, Heavyweight Champion of the World. No fiction hero ever rose more spectacu- larly from rags to riches than did Joe Louis by the strength and ability he has shown in the prize fight- ing ring. In 1935 he was an amateur boxer and a poorly paid employee in an automobile factory; in 1940 he is known all over the world as the greatest boxing champion ever to hold the title, has amassed a fortune of a million dollars, and like Alexander the Great, has no more worlds to conquer. He is known as a fighting champion, having defended his title more times in three years than any other champion ever did in six. He has defeated every possible contender, and is reported to plan to retire undefeated after his next fight. MARY McLEOD BETHUNE, Women's Leader. As founder of Bethune-Cookman college at Day- tona Beach, Florida, Mrs. Bethune won acclaim as an educator, because she built a great school from nothing almost single-handed. Fresh honors awaited her in the fisld of women's club activities, where she organized and was first president of the South Eastern Federation, and later was elected in 1924 as president of the National Federation of Colored Women's Clubs. She served with distinc- tion, and brought great power to the federation through her organizing ability. In 1935, Mrs. Bethune, who is a close personal friend of the First Lady, was appointed consultant for Negro youth on the council of the National Youth Administra- tion by President Roosevelt, where she still serves. DOROTHY MAYNOR, Concert Star. At twen- ty-eight Miss Maynor stands at a point in musical circles where many singers must strive for years to get. A natural voice, she was discovered by Koussevitzky, conductor of the Boston symphony orchestra, who started her on her career as soloist with his orchestra. Since then she has sung in con- cert before the greatest critics and audiences in the land, has sung over the radio to millions, who have predicted for her a great concert career. DANIEL H. WILLIAMS, Master Surgeon. The whole of Dr. Dan Williams life was devoted to the alleviation of human suffering through surgery, in which field he was universally recognized as one of the leaders. Following his graduation from North- western University Medical School, he served on the faculty in anatomy. He built up a huge prac- tice in Chicago, founded the Provident Hospital and Nurse Training School, served as a surgeon on the staffs of the Cook County and St. Luke's hospitals in Chicago, and gained renown as the first surgeon to operate successfully upon the human heart. In 1895 he went to Freedman's hospital in Washing- ton as surgeon-in-chief, and later served as profes- sor of surgery at Meharry Medical College. He was a charter member of the American College of Surgeons, and his writings on surgery are incor- porated in many of the leading medical texts. JOHN MERRICK, Business Builder. Beginning as a barber in a little country town, Merrick grew up with the great industrial city of Durham, N. C, and developed his talents as a business builder as the city grew. From one shop he branched out into the owner of a chain of shops, later entered the field of manufacturing cosmetics, expanded into real estate development, and created a great city within a city. Merrick was one of the founders of the Mechanics and Farmers Bank, of which he was president for many years. He preached a doctrine of commercial cooperation among his people, with a result that Durham has more and greater col- ored businesses per capita than any other city in the country. He was one of the founders and first president of the great North Carolina Mutual Life Insurance Company. COL. CHARLES A. YOUNG, U. S. Army Officer. One of the most outstanding careers of the United States Army was that of Col. Young, who despite every handicap and obstacle rose from the ranks. A West Point graduate, he saw active service in every type of army life up to the time of the World War. He served in the Indian Wars, the Spanish American War, the Philippine Insurrection, the Mexican Intervention in pursuit of Villa, and the development of the Indian Territories and states of the West. As a Lieut. -Col. he served as mili- tary instructor at Wilberforce. He went to Liberia as military aide and explored and mapped the Afri- can back country, served as a sanitary engineer, and built up the Liberian constabulary. Army prejudice refused him the opportunity to lead the Negro forces in the World War, and he was retired with the rank of Colonel, to return to Liberia, where he died as a result of his efforts in behalf of the government he had served all his life. PAUL LAWRENCE DUNBAR, Poet. Called by the leading critics of the 1890's "The sweet singer of Ohio," Dunbar ranks as one of the leading poets of the United States. His use of dialect in poetry is still considered as classic, and is read and en- joyed as "folk poetry" wherever English is spoken. "Little Brown Baby," "When Malindy Sings," "When the Co'n Pone's Hot," and a host of others from his collected works have been set -to music by outstanding composers and are sung on the con- cert stage by the finest voices of our time. Dun- bar's poem, "When Sleep Comes Down to Soothe the Weary Eyes," is classed by the anthologist, Van Doren, as one of the finest lyric poems in the English language. He was a "people's" poet to the people of this country as Burns was a "people's" poet to the people of Scotland. Page Thirty-Seven THE JONES BROTHERS BEN FRANKLIN STORE A Complete Line of 5 cents to $1.00 Merchandise 436-8 East 47th Streef Kenwood 0185 We Boast the Newest-Modernistic Lunch Fountain >: ?g^ra^';i4jnL^J on the South Side. Our Meals are Superb AIR CONDITIONED THE JONES BROTHERS FINER FOOD MART Better Grades of Groceries, Meats, Fruits <& | Vegetables Fresh Daily Prompt Delivery Service 306 E. 43rd St. Oakland 0235-6 Page Thirty-Eight 6 Hall of Fame RICHARD B. HARRISON, Actor. As "De Lawd" in the play "Green Pastures" Harrison made his- tory in the American Theater. Although widely known as an orator and lecturer throughout the country for a number of years, his real career did not begin until he was 65 years old and thrilled playgoers with his interpretation of the Diety. He played the part of "De Lawd" 2,064 times in a five- year run of the play, in the leading theaters of every city in the country. Audiences cheered and critics raved over his exquisite handling of such a delicate part. His death at a time when the play was reopening for a return engagement on Broad- way was mourned all over the world. The play was compared by European critics with the hun- dred-year-old Passion Play of Oberammergau. Harrison is one of the great stars of all times. A. PHILLIP RANDOLPH, Labor Leader. As organizer and first president of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, A. F. of L., Randolph has served to give the Negro an independent voice in the councils of organized labor. He began his pub- lic career as editor and publisher of the famous Messenger Magazine. He became associated with many liberal activities, and ran as candidate for Secretary of State of New York on the Socialist ticket in 1924. In 1925 he began the work of or- ganizing the Pullman Porters, and after a decade of patient and courageous work, beset by every difficulty, the Brotherhood is now recognized by the National Railway Board and the A. F. of L. as the official Union of the porters. LESTER A. WALTON, Diplomat. Walton is now the U. S. Minister to Liberia and ranking Negro member of the diplomatic corps. He began his public career as a journalist, doing free-lance work for the leading newspapers and magazines of this country and England. He was long a staff writer on the old New York World, and was managing edi- tor for the New York Age. T. K. LAWLESS, Medical Scientist. Internation- ally recognized as an outstanding authority in the field of dermatology, Dr. Lawless is a member of the faculty of Northwestern University Medical School. He established a brilliant research record while doing graduate work in the leading medical schools in this country and Europe, and his reports appear frequently in the Journal of the American Medical Association and the Archives of Dermatol- ogy. In 1929, Lawless served as a member of the National Board of Medical Examiners, the highest examining board for doctors in the United States. E. SIMS CAMPBELL, Cartoonist. At the age of 34 Campbell has the unique distinction of being at once a pioneer in the field of journalist art, and one of the most famous and popular of the humor artists drawing in present day periodicals. His bril- liant and beautiful cartoons dominate the famous Esquire magazine, on which he is a staff artist, and at the same time he does the art cartoon work for several big national advertising products. Camp- bell cartoons are now rated as collectors items, and he has drawn covers for a number of the big circu- lation weekly and monthly magazines. He has won several cartoon competitions, was a staff cartoonist on the New York Mirror daily newspaper, and is now seeking new laurels in the national poster field. ROBERT S. ABBOTT, Editor and Publisher. The Chicago Defender stands as a living monument to the pioneer work of Abbott in the field of na- tional journalism. From an humble beginning as a weekly newspaper in 1905, he built the Defender into a powerful journalist force with a national cir- culation to fight the battle of the Negro in all sec- tions of the country. In addition to building a great national newspaper, Abbott accumulated a large fortune, and received many honors both in this country and abroad. He served with distinc- tion on many city, state and national boards and commissions, and deserves credit for encouraging and helping many of the outstanding Negro busi- ness and professional men of today. ISAIH T. MONTGOMERY, Pioneer Community Builder. Mound Bayou, Miss., stands as a living evidence to the ability of the Negro to plan, or- ganize and execute in cooperation with his own, without the help or the guidance of a white hand. Montgomery and his associate, Benjamin Green, went into the Delta wilderness in 1887 and started from scratch to build a town and to develop the farming and business community around it with every plan and every bit of work done to be the work of Negroes. First three families felled the trees, built the cabins, cleared the land and began to raise crops. They were followed by other hardy pioneers who wanted a town of their own. The community grew, businesses were established, schools, churches, banks, cotton gins, were erected, all financed, planned and built by colored workers. Today it stands as a model community completely governed and run by black men, a tribute to the dreams and work of Montgomery and Green. BLANCHE K. BRUCE, U. S. Senator. The only Negro to serve a full term as an elected member of the U. S. Senate, Bruce served with distinction at the Capitol from 1875 to 1881, as the junior senator from Mississippi. He was twice appointed Register of the U. S. Treasury, under Presidents Garfield and McKinley, and was appointed Recorder of Deeds for the District of Columbia by President Harrison. He was preceeded as U. S. Senator from Mississippi by Hiram R. Revels, who filled one year of an unexpired term by appointment in 1870. Page Thirty-Nine A Message from SEWELL & SONS. INC Dd Ydu Know That— Property management is the most essential process in maintaining Real Estate at a high standard in any com- munity. Lack of good property management means a rundown physical con- dition, and therefore a greater depreciation of property and the neigh- borhood. The result is that the property which held the promise of a good investment soon begins to shrink financially, eventually becom- ing a liability instead of an asset. BUT not only do we use the successful principle of property management in maintaining at a high level our own Real Estate holding, but the same watchful care and earnest effort is given the holding of others. DUR knowledge and experience have taught us what to do and when to do it. Come in and talk things over. Let us show you how we can serve you. PROTECT YOUR HOME WITH a house furnishings insurance .... complete FIRE INSURANCE BROKER PROTECTION. WILLIAM A. SEWELL = 4707 SOUTH PARKWAY Phone Oakland 1217 = Page Forty # Hall of Fame GEORGE W. CARVER, Scientist. Carver, who ranks high among modern American chemists, is called the father of the new science of Chemurgy, industrial research for new uses for surplus farm products. He revolutionized the agriculture of the South by turning the farmers from a one-crop sys- tem of raising cotton, to engage in the raising of peanuts and sweet potatoes on a big scale, and then pioneered in chemurgy by discovering over 300 in- dustrial uses for the lowly peanut, ranging from widely used plastic material, to an oil now used in the treatment of infantile paralysis. He likewise discovered over 140 industrial uses for the sweet potato. It is estimated that industrial products of an annual value exceeding $250,000,000 are manu- factured in the Southern states out of peanuts and sweet potatoes based upon discoveries made by the "Wizard of Tuskegee Institute." He received the Spingarn Achievement Award in 1923 for research in agricultural chemistry. MARIAN ANDERSON, "The Voice of the Cen- tury." This was the title bestowed upon her by Toscannini when he heard her for the first time. The golden-throated contralto, whose musical ca- reer has been one of the most phenominal of mod- ern times, began as a choir girl, has now reached the pinnacle of success on the concert stage. She is one of the three ranking artists as "box office" draw, and is far and away the most popular concert artist in the world. Miss Anderson is to music lovers of this generation what Caruso was to the generation before 1914. She has her concert ap- pearances booked three years in advance, has sung in every great capitol of Europe, South America, and the United States. She has sung command performances before the Kings of Denmark, Swe- den and England, and has twice been soloist at the White House. Sibelius, the greatest living classical composer, dedicated his song "Solitude" to her, and she sang it at a great celebration in his honor in Finland. Miss Anderson was voted the most popu- lar artist on the Northwestern University musical series and on the Ford radio Sunday Evening hour. She received the Spingarn Award for 1939 for her great musical triumphs. JEAN BAPTISTE POINT DeSABLE, Founder of Chicago. Though antedating the period of Ne- gro achievement celebrated by the Exposition, it is timely to remember that the host city, Chicago, was founded in 1779 by a black man. DeSable, a native of Haitti, was a pioneer explorer who pushed into the middlewestern wilderness to set up the first permanent settlement at the mouth of the Chicago River. As a trapper, trader, explorer and pioneer business man, DeSable opened a trading post on the north bank of the river where the Chi- cago Tribune Tower now stands. Early historians of the section describe him as intelligent, capable, and a substantial businessman. Ill health caused him to sell his trading post in 1796 to LeMai, who in turn sold it later to John Kinzie, who for long was called the founder of the city. DeSable high school in Chicago is named in his honor. JESSE OWENS, Athlete Extrordinaire. "The backbone of the American Olympic Team" was the title given to Owens by sports writers who saw him in action in Berlin in 1936. He won the 100 yard dash, the 220 yard race, the broad jump, and was anchor man on the 440 yard relays. In addition he established new world records in his three major events, which today still stand unbroken. JOHN R. LYNCH, Soldier and Statesman. A career spanning the whole period of Negro advance- ment from Emancipation almost to the day of the Exposition was that of Maj. Lynch, who was born in slavery, served in the Civil War in the Union army, served first as a member, and then as Speaker of the House in the Mississippi state legislature in the days of the Reconstruction, and later as a mem- ber of the 43rd U. S. Congress. He was a lifelong force in the Republican party, as national commit- teeman from Mississippi, as a delegate to the party conventions, at one of which he served as tempo- rary chairman, and at another of which he put the name of Wm. B. McKinley up for nomination. Maj. Lynch served as paymaster for the U. S. Army in Cuba and the Philippines during the Spanish War, and later at Washington with the rank of Major. Retired on pension in 1911, at the age of 64, when most men rest on their laurels, he began a new career as an attorney in Chicago, which was vigor- ous and brilliant. He continued as an active force in the community until his death in 1938 at the age of 93. PAUL R. WILLIAMS, Architect. Winner of three national architectural design competitions, only Negro member of the American Institute of Architects, member of the Los Angeles City Plan- ning Commission, and now the favorite designer of homes and estates for the stars of the moving pic- ture colony at Hollywood, Paul Williams is an out- standing success as a building artist and business man. He was chosen by Ex-President Hoover, for whom he designed a summer home, as the man to direct the plans for the Negro Memorial to be erected in Washington, D. C. Williams has designed and erected twenty of the most beautiful and pa- latial fraternity and sorority houses bordering the University of California campus, designed and erected the palatial Rivoli Theater and Beach Hotel at Pasadena. Page Forty-One 96% of the Ranges Sold in Chicago are MODERN GAS RANGES / bought a Modern Gas Range because it is FIRST in features that make good cooking p ) eS . have been «vatan| eS ba^ r "?' Modern Gas ecoi'""--: thnlty ""-":_« "The ™ ul ;, * oW mJ& dealers say iess tQ use . vourselt WI Yess to buy, ^ Range costs ue ~ 1 ' . The Modern Gas Range is FIRST in SALES because ITS FIRST in FEATURES! • When you decide to buy a range remember these good reasons why 96 out of 100 buy Modern Gas Ranges : 1. The Modern Gas Range is First in Economy! It costs less to buy — costs less to use. 2. The Modern Gas Range is First in Speed! It does the fastest top-stove cooking ever known! 3. The Modern Gas Range is First in Flexibility! It gives any degree of heat instantly! There's no waiting for heat with a Modern Gas Range! 4. The Modern Gas Range is First in Beauty! De- signers of national reputation created the Modern Gas Ranges. 5. The Modern Gas Range is unsurpassed in clean- liness, convenience and time-saving features. Just read the list below. Only The Modern Gas Range Has All These Features SELF-LIGHTING TOP BURNERS ... No matches to strike — No waiting — Any degree of heat, instantly ! GIANT BURNER . . . Self-lighting — Does fastest top-stove cooking ever known. AUTOMATIC OVEN HEAT CONTROI Assures exact oven temperature required — Ends "guess- work" baking! TRUE TEMPERATURE OVEN . . . Speedily reaches desired temperature and maintains it! HEAVIER INSULATION . . . Keeps oven heat in the oven! SMOKELESS BROILER . . . Eliminates smoke, broils in double-quick time. MINUTE MINDER . . . Calls you when cooking is done. AUTOMATIC CLOCK CONTROL . . . Optional. Tends your cooking while you're away! A wonder- ful device that turns oven heat on-and-off in your absence! Modern Cookery . . . Constant Hot Water . . . Silent Refrigeration . . . Gas Heating THE PEOPLES GAS LIGHT AND COKE COMPANY Page Forty-Two Chicago Museum of Science and Industry # Preview of a great Chicago showpiece Because of the generous contribution of the Ros- enwald Foundation to the success of the Exposition, and because the Rosenwald Museum of Science and Industry is one of the most spectacular showplaces of Chicago, out-of-town visitors to the Exposition are urged to tour this museum while here. By RICHARD LYON BROWN We are told that just as soon as our simian fore- bears, frowning from tree crotches five hundred centuries ago, began to consider ways and means of combating the hostile world about them, they started something — the process of man's evolution on the earth. All right, then what happened? After the apes unhitched their tails from adjac- ent limbs and came down from the trees, how did we, their once-or-twice-removed cousins, make out ? Did we succeed in grasping the world by the tail, after losing our own? The reply to that is a fairly long story, to be sure, but of all dramas it is the most fascinating, and now in Chicago the whole show has settled down, in compact form, for a permanent run. The spectacu- lar revelation of man's technical ascent over nature is to be presented to the public daily, beginning in a month or two, at the Museum of Science and In- dustry in Jackson Park. Step between the gallant bronze doors of the old Fine Arts Building and you will behold a bright, new, streamlined interior beck- oning you to a nine-mile saunter to meet the cast of characters. At every hand, you are invited to take part in the performance, if you care to. Un- der the roof of this, one of the world's largest and most beautiful buildings, you may learn where we came from, and, technically speaking, how far we have come. If "museum" suggests a moldy repository of con- traptions that might have been scared out of a brushheap, you owe it to yourself to become better acquainted with this magnificent gift of Julius Ros- enwald to his nation. These vast white halls are cheerful arenas of dramatic action, with light, mo- tion and color — bells, smells and clatter. This is a Page Forty-Three world of flickering charts and dioramas, of strange noises and still stranger sights, a remarkable col- lection of physical and chemical believe-it-or-nots. And most of them are put there for you to "monkey with"; everywhere are buttons and levers to push and pull to your heart's content. From behind for- bidding factory walls, machinery has been gathered here and ingeniously put within handshaking dis- DISTILLATION PROCESS tance, introducing itself by mechanical means that anyone may operate. This is visual education brought to completion, and with the aid of the other senses, too, for you can not only see science bliss- fully at its work throughout the museum but you hear, touch, and, in some cases, smell it. Finally, what you absorb through these senses is supple- mented by explanations given by competent demon- strators. Best of all, you appreciate the evolution of science — you find out where it came from and how it has transformed society since engineering began, to apply it intelligently to industry. Try Some Magic How would you like to tinker with an exact repro- duction of Faraday's electro-magnet (and its grand- father, its aunts, nephews, and nieces) , or weigh the earth, or pan for gold, or sit and watch alum- inum bowls float contentedly on the bosom of an invisible magic carpet, a carpet that may be easily illuminated for night travel ? You can go down into a real coal mine, or walk upstairs and see a foundry in actual operation, or a steel mill making alloys and rolling strips. If you feel like blowing off steam, you can grasp a lever and manipulate the surface of a miniature earth, forming continents, mountains and seas adjacent thereto. Did you ever see silent sound, or hear a light without seeing it? Would you like to know how (and when) to strike oil, or see how they make brick and tile, or hear a mechanical man in a glass booth thirty feet in front of you who whispers over your shoulder? Do you want to see a diver cut steel with an underwater torch, or a man walk away from his shadow, turn around and shake hands with it, and then leave both shadows shaking hands with each other? Would you like to climb aboard the deck of a rolling ship and see how a gyroscope stabilizes the action? Did you ever see silkworms spinning in season, according to their own quaint union regulations? All these are ready for you at the Museum. Wouldn't that boy of yours like it, too? Here is a pendulum that demonstrates the earth turns on its axis. Over there is an old mill stream operating a flour mill, and a wooden shoe shop from France, and a mammoth ear, large enough for a boardinghouse keeper. Here you can see a full-size rotary newspaper press in action, an ancient wood- turning establishment, part of the first transcon- tinental highway in America, a two-story steam hammer and a sizeable chunk of the world's first skyscraper. Here soon will be a miniature railroad covering 3,000 square feet of floor, complete with hayfields, whistle stops, tunnels, and oil derricks, with a Grand Canyon thrown in. Here is a trans- parent woman with interior lighting effect — what an opportunity to see through at least one of Eve's mysterious daughters! Did you ever see a phosphate plant at work ? Or a sugar refinery? Did you ever really understand how a combine works, or a whispering gallery, or cancer? Do you want to see the development of the human embryo in thirty stages ? Or would you rather push a button that splits a modern automo- bile in two and starts its gears and pistons working? All this is waiting for you at the Museum — and much more besides. This is a review of science now and in the world that was, workshops and test- ing-grounds of the present and of the past; and before your eyes is unfolded an unending object lesson in transition, from simple tools to complex, from club and axe to the photoelectric cell and tele- vision. You see the development of the steam en- gine (and a full-size cutaway of a locomotive run- ning gear in action), you see electric power and lighting equipment from Brush's actual generator to Edison's first dynamo, and you may study the growth of water transportation, in four hundred or more models, from bark canoes to modern liners. Here also in small scale, in authentic replicas, or in the original is the evolution of typewriters, sleep- Page Forty-Four ing cars, sewer systems, musical instruments, high- ways and bridges, trolley cars, airplanes — even cities. Each piece takes its place in the story of man's peaceful conquest over nature, by land and by sea, and in the earth and air. Identical twins of historically vital pieces that are not available are fabricated with painstaking care in the museum workshops. The life-size replica of Stephenson's "Rocket" is more like the original locomotive than the "Rocket" itself, which now rests in an English museum and whose restored parts were not made entirely according to the inventor's drawings, as the Chicago replica was. The practical value of such a museum can readily be appreciated when one views the large number of exhibits that already have been donated by industry. Evolution of Mechanics Each exhibit shows a step or a prolonged stage in the mechanical development of civilization, and the first impression to the visitor is that every dis- covery has a technical heritage as well as a number of oddly assorted offspring. You perceive how in- debted are engineers, scientists and inventors to tradition. They may have groped and stumbled on ELECTRICAL DEMONSTRATION and off the right track countless times before they were able to assemble familiar principles into a new machine or revelation.. Then it seemed that the world was awaiting their development, and when it was needed enough, it came into being. In retro- spect, then, inventions and discoveries were always part and parcel of their own times, just as latter- day technical improvements belong economically and socially to ours. This museum is particularly interested in that — the social interpretation of science, the knitting to- gether of civilization by technology. Engineering and industry are interweaving human relationships and cultures to a degree undreamt of a century ago, and machinery plays a heavy role in politics, eco- nomics, and international affairs. You will grasp the tremendous significance of that here, and you will see how the process has been speeded up in the last fifty years. Science is leading us rapidly from the world that was, and deeper and deeper into a more mutually influential environment. Thus science and its rich uncle, industry, are suggesting a better social structure for the future of the world. So, perhaps for the first time, you recognize in one fell swoop what natural resources and engineer- ing means to our everyday life — and what a lack of them meant in former days. Industry, shorn of "Do Not Touch" signs, becomes heroic — not only for its additions to our creature comforts and con- veniences but as a stabilizing force of our civili- zation. New Picture of Business Man Members of the oncoming generation will see the operations of pure research and turn away with a new conception of the businessman, the keeper of science. They will grow enthusiastic over the work of organized discovery that is nurtured and driven by the industrialists of America. In this museum, where truth is revealed in its related parts, indus- try lays itself bare, too, and the revelation should go a long way in explaining the significance of growth through free enterprise and the encourage- ment of inventive genius. After a cursory browse among a few exhibits, the visitor begins to recognize that a technical mu- seum lends itself in a peculiar way to logical ar- rangement. There is a plan to the exhibition area ; it has been divided systematically into ten se- quences, and you may start at the center of the building near the "table of elements" and cover the museum in a series of visits without having to double back. The impressive periodic table is, by the way, the world's only collection of all elements yet isolated (it has a bit of protoactinium, the only piece available). Twenty or more full-time scientists are working in the building, some of them lecturing daily in ex- hibit booths or lecture halls. One air-conditioned hall seats 1,000 persons, another 300, and there are numerous smaller halls throughout the building. A rapidly growing scientific library is maintained in the museum, and it is gathering valuable and rare material. When the doors of the building were first opened, early visitors found that the disintegrating Fine Arts Building had been completely reconstructed, that Indiana limestone had replaced the original stucco, heavy steel girders had been installed in- stead of the iron and wood trusses and columns of the former temporary structure, and the 600,000 square feet of floor space had been strengthened to accommodate 250 to 400 pounds per square foot for the heavy exhibits to come. On March 1, 1938, Page Forty-Five JULIUS ROSENWALD the completed west pavilion of the building was opened, and here many exhibits, some of them from the Hall of Science of the Century of Progress, have been delighting thousands of school children and easing the burdens of their physics teachers. History's Success Stories If romance is composed of success stories and happy endings, the Museum of Science and Indus- try is packed with it. Here are the works of men who took time to dream, to experiment, and match wits with each other and with the elements. These exhibits tell tales of sacrifice, despair, mystery, and disappointment — and of final victory. They carry ah inspiration to all who enter and depart, a brand new conception of this little man who wasn't there in the tree with his ape-ancestor, but who developed a mind that could overcome and put to work a cruel environment. On the stainless steel walls just inside the en- trance to the museum are eight bronze plaques, each portraying a Greek deity who protected one of the sciences. Apollo is there, god of sun, moon, and music, marine god and soothsayer ; and Athene, goddess of agriculture, forestry and textiles; Hermes (the Roman Mercury), god of communica- tion; Prometheus, who did what he could to help us set the world on fire; and Hephaestus (the Roman Vulcan), the metal- working god; Aescu- lapius, god of medicine; and Ereohtheus, of trans- portation. Greatest of all is Zeus, thunder-god and great avenger. As you leave the building, give Zeus a nod; try to draw him out. He has heard of the atom-smasher in the museum, the man-made light- ning a few yards long, and of the other marvelous wonders within. On the opening day, it may be that he can hold back no longer. This is purely a surmise, but he may come down from the plaque, stride to the doors and throw them open. Then you will hear: "Hurry! Hurry! This is the most stupendous, colossal, exhibition of human skill and dexterity ever presented to gaze of the American people! Step right in, folks. It's all free!" He may say that. If he does, he would be about right, at that. a- # La Guardia awards poster winner Mayor La Guardia of New York shown awarding a check for $100, first price in the American Negro Exposition poster contest, to Robert S. Pious, 1 1 arte in artist, whose work was adjudged the best of more than 100 entries submitted at Exposition headquarters, 3632 South Parkway, Chicago. The New York mayor, who made the award in his offices at the city hall, lias named a special com- mission tu cooperate with the Expo- sition. The poster is reproduced on the front cover of this guide. 13., ■E Page Forty-Six Story of the Exposition and Diamond Jubilee (Continued from Page 8) one-half ago on his signature and personal ref- erence. Indorsed Heavily The United Cooperative League of America has received thousands of letters of endorsement of their activities : The American Federation of Labor ; Community Churches of America; the Federal Council of Churches of Christ in America, which has a membership of 22 million, social and civic groups, lodges and fraternal organizations with a membership of one million; the National Baptist Convention, Inc., former Governor Chandler of Kentucky; the Chicago Associated Chamber of Commerce; the National Red Caps Association, headed by Willard S. Townsend, one of the direc- tors of the League; the Cook County Bar Associa- tion which assigned Attorney Henry C. Ferguson as general counsel to the League ; and other organi- zations too numerous to mention. The League, through Mr. Washington, has received the hearty cooperation and support of the Colored local news- papers. Tough Grind For five years prior to the release of funds appropriated by the State, Mr. Washington has borne all necessary expenses for the promotion of the Exposition which is to be held at the Coliseum, from July 4th to September 2nd, 1940; this was accomplished by making sacrifices and without financial assistance from the public. Representative Charles J. Jenkins introduced the Bill for the appropriation and secured the support of the members of both houses of the Sixty-first session of the General Assembly in passage of the measure. # Richmond Barthe, brilliant young sculptor whose work has been de- clared by art critics as among the finest modern sculptures, will have some of his work on exhibition in the art display at the Expo- sition. • Herman E. Moore is the only colored Federal Judge, assigned to the district embracing the Virgin Islands. Prior to \ his federal appointment he held the position of secretary on the Illinois Commerce Commission. • Emmett J. Scott. As- sistant Secretary of War during the World War, and former Secretary- Treasurer of Howard University, will head up the Negro publicity di- vision for the Republi- can party in the coming campaign. Leon L. Foster, photographer, shooting murals by W. E. Scott for display at the American Negro Exposition Page Forty-Seven A FORTRESS OF STRENGTH IN THE SHADOWS OF LIFE— AN IN- STITUTION BUILT OF NECESSITY, BY MEN OF CHARACTER AND VISION— A DETERMINED GROUP THAT HAS BROUGHT IT TO ITS PLACE IN THE SUN. SAFE BECAUSE IT OPERATES UNDER AND ACCORDING TO THE STRICT LAWS OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS UNDER THE STRICT SUPERVISION OF THE DIRECTOR OF INSURANCE. SOUND BECAUSE EACH OFFICER IS BONDED —THE MEN WHO GUIDE ITS DESTINY HAVE PROVEN THEIR ABILITY — STOOD THE TEST DURING THIS GREAT DEPRESSION— AND BROUGHT IT TO THE HIGH PLACE IT OCCUPIES IN THIS GREAT INDUSTRIAL CENTRE. DEPENDABLE BECAUSE ITS SECURITIES ARE DE- POSITED WITH THE STATE DEPART- MENT OF INSURANCE FOR THE PRO- TECTION OF ITS MEMBERS— ITS SUR- PLUS IS INVESTED IN GOVERNMENT BONDS— AND EVERY JUST CLAIM THAT HAS BEEN PRESENTED HAS BEEN PROMPTLY PAID. An Institution of Which All Chicago Is lustly Proud THE METROPOLITAN FUNERAL SYSTEM ASSN. 418 EAST 47th STREET Phone Atlantic 3030 Page Forty-Eight Chicago — Your Host (Continued from Page 30) in volume of retail and wholesale trade, doing a total business of about $6,000,000,000, with 44,382 retail stores and 6,462 wholesale outlets. Chicago is a thriving international market. Its products find their way into the most remote places of the world. Chicago merchants, in turn, offer their customers those wares of foreign producers which, because of geographical peculiarities, cli- matic differences and racial skills, find preference here. Included are such items as the rugs of Per- sia, the spices of India, the laces of Ireland and the objects d'art of the Orient. Chicago has become a port of entry and a port of call of transatlantic steamers. In Chicago the Treasury Department maintains a collector of cus- toms as well as an excellent appraiser's store, housed in a splendid building of recent construction. Of the thousands of items exported from Chi- cago the major classifications include agricultural implements and machinery, mining machinery and equipment, automobile accessories and parts, food products, grain, office appliances and equipment, chemicals, electric appliances and equipment, build- ing materials and specialties, radios, and a wide line of specialty items. In former years a large volume of Chicago's ex- port sales were transacted through export houses located at seaboard cities. Today, the trend is defi- nitely in the other direction, and the majority of local exporters now handle their export sales from their general offices in Chicago. 0"" ' ' Q MARIAN ANDERSON "The Voice of the Century" (Read her biography in "Hall of Fame") 0' a RICHARD B. HARRISON DR. W. E. Dubois .0 •0 Page Forty-Nine Compliments of PATRICK H. MOYNIHAN Republican Candidate for Congress 2nd CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT ELECTION: November 5th, 1940 HONEST — FEARLESS — CAPABLE — WELL KNOWN RESPECTED and REVERED A Loyal and True Friend of the American Colored People Page Fifty g. Rev. L. K. Williams, pastor of the great Olivet Baptist church of Chicago, and president of the National Baptist Convention, will welcome the msiting thou- sands to the convention with a special service at his chinch. Etta Moten, talented concert star and moving picture actress, is shown above as she congratulated Jesse Owens upon his triumphs as a track star in the last Olympic (lames, which were held in Berlin, Germany. Owens teas called the backbone of the American team. H, ■0 Page Fifty-One CHICAGO... A GREAT CITY JACKSON FUNERAL SYSTEM ASSOCIATION ... A GREAT Institution Through Sound and Honest Management Through Faithful Adherence to Its Ideal of Upright and Fair Dealings JACKSON FUNERAL SYSTEM ASSOCIATION Has Become A GREAT Beloved and Respected Institution Serving a Great and Worthy People In a Great and Friendly City Visit our HOME OFFICE while visiting the GREAT Exposition 4636-4638 SOUTH PARKWAY Chicago, Illinois CONGRATULATIONS... To The AMERICAN NEGRO For His Many ACHIEVEMENTS White Way Laundry Co. 34 1 S. Cottage Grove Ave. Atl. 3800 MANCHESTER GRILL DINE AND DANCE Floor Show Phone Victory 9326 CYRIL RICHARDS, Prop. MANCHESTER LIQUOR DEPT. Cater to Clubs at Wholesale Prices For Information Call Cyril Richards, Prop. 473 East 31st Street Phone Victory 0094 C & Z CREDIT CLOTHING. INC. Better Wearing Apparel for Men <& Women Take something home to remember your visit to the GREAT NEGRO EXPOSITION 330 East 47th Street (Corner of Calumet) Atlantic 0323 Page Fifty-Two MAP OF CHICAGO'S POINTS OF INTEREST Courtesy of CHICAGO SURFACE LINES Key to POINTS OF INTEREST BASEBALL AND AMUSEMENT PARKS 4 Cubs Baseball Park (Wrigley Field) 4S While So< Baseball Park (Comiskey Park) 5 R.ver.iew Amusement Park S2 While Gly Amusement Park IAIHING BEACHES 54 Calumet Park Beach (Wlh St. SI Jackson Park Beach ft). J SI. ] Montrose-Wilson Beach 12 North Avenue Beach S) Rainbow Beach (7Sth Si.) I Rogers Park Beach (louh, Av.| 18 Roosevelt Road Beach MUSEUMS. ZOOS and AQUARIUM 10 Academy of Sc IS AQuonum (Shedd) 11 Chicago Historical Society 44 Chicago Zoological Park 40 Field Museum 1 Lincoln Park Zoo and Reptile 48 Museum of Science arid Industry )7 Planetarium (Adkr) UNIVERSITIES 6 De Paul University 15 McKmlock Campus (Northwestern University) 4v University of Chicago 2 Loyola University GENERAL POINTS OF INTEREST SO Airport (Muni 10 Buckingham Memorial Fountai 22 Chicago Stadium 4) Chinatown 42 Coliseum 1 Elks' Memorial 16 Furniture Marl 3? Ghetto J2 Hull House 47 International Amphitheatre 17 Navy Pier I J Palmolive Beacon 41 Soldier Field 46 Slock Yards (Union) 14 Water To-er LEGEND Street Car Lines — -— — Chicago Surface Lines Bus Routes 3200 N Chicago Rapid Transit System, Black Squares Indicating Points o( Transfer Between That Systei and the Chicago Surface Lines Connecting Car or Bus Lines Outside of City Location of Points of Interest Included in Key D CHICAGO SURFACE Page Fifty-Three THE PALACE HOTEL FOR MEN ONLY The finest hotel of its kind in the Middle West invites you to enjoy the comfort of its 350 neatly furnished rooms. Sufficient hot and cold showers on each floor. Maid service daily, also spacious lounge with radio. 35 and 40 cents par day and $2=00 and up per week. UiAitthsL INDIANA INN AT THE %% L" 4005 Indiana Avenue EASY to FIND and HARD to FORGET ALWAYS COOL BENJ. H. JONES, Prop. FRANK BROWN, Mgr. DRExel 0092 WILLIAM C. JOHNS, Manager. COMPLIMENTS OF NATIONAL BOND & INVESTMENT COMPANY 228 North La Salle Street CHICAGO Page Fifty-Four IIBIIHRIIIIBIIRl DRINK BEER - ALE For flavor, character and down-right goodness we suggest you try our exceptional quality beer and our satisfying "Ye Olde Inn Ale." Though extremely light, Keeley Beer has a palate fullness that is unsurpassed by any other beer. Always Fully Aged and Made Right to Taste Right CHARLES COLE, District Representative KEELEY BREWING COMPANY ESTABLISHED 1878 28th Street and Cottage Grove Avenue Telephone Calumet 2030 Chicago, Illinois IIIIBIIIlIlQilBllBHIIIHIIIIIBIIIBlllllIBlBIBIiaBIIBIII ALL THE CONSTRUCTION WORK FOR WINNINGHAM The Original Watermelon King KNOWN FOR THE FINEST MELONS THAT MONEY CAN BUY AT ALL TIMES 26 Years of Service in the Same Location 258 East 37th Street Phone Oak. 2696 "SERVICE WITH A SMILE" THE AMERICAN NEGRO EXPOSITION Was Done by Rossean & Douglass America's Foremost Negro Contractors Compliments of the Professional Women's Club of Chicago — Composed of Women Admitted to the Practice of Medicine, Law, Dentistry and Pharmacy — PHYSICIANS: Lillian S. Dove Mary F. Waring Georgia Proctor Sarah Nunez Whilemena Bowles Eudora Ashburn PHARMACISTS: Rheta Partee Edith Hawkins Lorena Suggs Bertha Woods Roberson Dorothy Jackson Olive Crostwaite LAWYERS: Sophia Boaz Pitts Georgia Jones Ellis Barbara W. Goodall Alice E. A. Huggins Edith S. Clayton Beulah Wheeler Page Fifty-Five ftMinMninnnniM I mm mi iiiim || | mi mini ,.:. i : i ::. ' . i : i i m: I M III IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIITIIIIITIIIIIIIIITIIIITITIIIIITIIT II II lllimTTTTI " ' M ill Ill I llllll ll ll l ROOSEVELT PHILLIPS SERVICE STATION The Finest Complete Lubrication and Washing Palace on the South Side Full Line of Automobile Accessories and No Money Down Free Information to Tourists Visiting the Exposition MRS. ESTHER PHILLIPS, Treasurer BILL LLOYD. Manager 4600 WABASH AVENUE Phone Oakland 2784 Phone Oakland 2631 ROOSEVELT PHILLIPS. Prop. WELCOME VISITORS to WALTERS SHOE STORE SOUTH SIDE'S LARGEST AND MOST MODERN FAMILY SHOE STORE 437 East 47th Street WELCOME VISITORS LET Freda Cross Take Care of Your Figure LINGERIE HOUSECOATS HOSIERY 442 East 47th Street Chicago, Illinois CONGRATULATIONS The The American Negro Exposition from The Original Tony's Tavern Thirty-First and Federal Streets Progress has also been made here — it is a place where you can bring your mother, wife, sweetheart, or children and feel perfectly safe that a home at- mosphere prevails. After the show visit TONY'S TAVERN and be convinced. Page Fifty-Six FIFTEE NEGRO EMPLOYEES AT OUR NEIGHBORHOOD STORE and BRANCH OFFICE 426 EAST 47th STREET You Are Cordially Invited to Visit Our Store For Information on Any Electric Service or Appliances COMMONWEALTH EDISON CO DEMAND PARKER HOUSE SAUSAGE IN ALL GROCERIES AND RESTAURANTS PARKER HOUSE Bologna. Liverwurst, Souse, Green Links, Smoked Links, Meat Loaf, Ham Bologna, Frankfurters, Cooked Salami, Head Cheese. Sold in Chicago, Evanston, Robbins, and East St. Louis, Illinois. Indianapolis and Gary, Indiana, St. Louis, Missouri. Detroit, Michigan. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Washington, D. C. Brooklyn, New- York, and New York City. ACCEPT NO SUBSTITUTE STOP AT THE RITZ HOTEL Most Beautiful — Every Room with Bath MOST COMPLETE HOTEL SERVICE Special Weekly Rates 409 Oakwood Blvd. Kenwood 1240 Make Reservations Today at The Very Best on Chicago's South Side EVERY ROOM WITH PRIVATE BATH SAVOY HOTEL COMPLETE HOTEL SERVICE Special Weekly Rates 5450 South Michigan Ave. Kenwood 9803 Page Fifty-Seven ^te-m TrTTTTTTlllllllllll I ll I III l u l l Ill 1 1 llllll l l lllll II 1 1 1 LI 1 1 II III! mill I MINIM I l l II I 1 1 I I I II I ll ll 1 1 1 1 1 1 n I T 1 1 1 1 1 Til I ITI 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 H HgUI m STOP AT THESE HOTELS For Comfort and Security at the Exposition The Avalon Hotel 243 East 31st Street The Harmonia Hotel 3000 Indiana Avenue Offer you clean and comfortable rooms for transient and permament guests. Running water, house telephones, private baths. Complete, efficient, courteous hotel service at all times. Rates— SI. 00 Transients— $6.00 Weekly Visit the Harmonia Grill in the Harmonia Hotel. Fine Foods prepared by a Famous Chef. Breakfast, Luncheon and Dinner Served SANDWICHES Fried Chicken and Tender Juicy Steaks a Specialty Your Inspection Cordially Invited. OPEN ALL NIGHT E. J B WESTON FURNITURE STORE PARLOR SUITES AND CHAIRS OF ALL KINDS Sold for the Price of REPAIRING and REUPHOLSTERING 4326 Cottage Grove Avenue Phone Atlantic 0456 ATTENTION: This is the First Edition of the Official Program and Guide Book. For ad- vertising space in the Final Edition Phone THE PROGRAM COMMITTEE Harrison 2530 6th floor — 621 Plymouth Court Forms close July 15th The smart woman when in doubt about the correct blend of powder, is welcome to MARQUERITA WARD'S Powder Blending Room 444 East 47th Street Drexel 7212 MARGUERITA WARD, Prop. Page Fifty-Eight PATTON'S STUDIO 355 East 47th Street Drexel 2763 Chicago. Illinois Heads Up For the AMERICAN NEGRO EXPOSITION PORTRAITS and HOME PORTRAITS Old Photos Enlarged, Copied and Made New We Have a Line of the Latest Style Frames We Specialize in Conventions, Real Estate Develop- ments, Summer Resorts and Landscapes "We go anywhere Pictures are made" J. C. PATTON, Proprietor I Want More Lake View Milk The Lake View Dairy is an institution wor- thy of your confi- dence and patron- age, a reputation es- tablished through years of service, honesty and depend- ability. Lake View Products are government in- spected and con- form with all the re- quirements of the Milk Association - PURE pasteurized milk. A courteous Lake View driver will respond to your call. JESSE THORNTON LAKE VIEW DAIRY 5445 South Wabash Avenue Kenwood 0308 Page Fifty-Nine IT PAYS TO TRADE AT COMPLIMENTS OF KREEGER'S E. BAKER & CO. CUT RATE DRUG STORES and LIQUORS REAL ESTATE 35th Street at Giles Calumet 6342 35th Street at South Park Calumet 4660 LOANS AND INSURANCE NOTARY PUBLIC FREE DELIVERY 417 East 63rd Street Normal 1630 VISITORS ARE ALWAYS WELCOME AT MOUNT GLENWOOD STOTLAND'S THE CEMETERY BEAUTIFUL 2 stores • CREDIT CLOTHING and JEWELRY 345 V 2 East 47th Street Mount Glenwood is the very spot you would select for the last resting place of your loved ones if you were to see its natural beauty. Make it a point to visit it any Sunday. • TO REACH MOUNT GLENWOOD— RADIO and FURNITURE 435 East 47th Street • Take a South Suburban Safety Bus at 47th Street and South Parkway. By auto — South on State Street to end of 127th Street, then east to Indiana Avenue direct to cemetery gate. NO MONEY DOWN Drexel 2120 OFFICE: 5 East Garfield Blvd. Normal 1718 Compliments of F. G. MUELLER FLORIST FLORAL DESIGNS A SPECIALTY All Visitors are welcome to "SIMON'S" most beau- tiful Shoe Store on the South Side. We carry the best grades of SHOES that money can buy in all the best advertised brands. Sizes for men — 5 to 15 AAA to EEE, and women— 3 to 11 AAAA to EEE. EXPERT SHOE FITTING SIMON'S SHOE STORE (At the "L") 329 East 35th Street Phone Calumet 5384 308 East 47th Street The Original and Only Simon's — Nn Connection with Any Other Store. Page Sixty WHY BURR OAK WAS ORGANIZER BURR OAK CEMETERY was organized by public spirited colored citizens who felt that the burial facilities for our race in Chicago needed improvement. As a community develop- ment designed to improve community life, BURR OAK has given employment to both skilled and unskilled colored workers. BURR OAK is being built by people who expect to be buried in it. They are mak- ing it truly "Chicago's Most Beautiful Cemetery." BUILDING 3507 South Parkway Atlantic 5061 'Burr ®dk CH/CACO'S MOST BtAOT/FOI. (ttmtUru VISITORS . . . TODAY AND EVERY DAY DRINK Mch*»L,(puMA. MILK All the natural Vitamins that make Milk the World's Finest All Around Food for men, women and children are found in OUR MILK Try It Today A NEGRO DAIRY 30 Drivers Delivering 1,000,000 Qts. a Year TURNER DAIRY COMPANY, INC. 6204 Prairie Avenue Wentworth 8094 M. BUTLER, Mgr. ELI WELCOMES YOU 340 East 47th Street 3020 South State Street Page Sixty-One FOR A GOOD TIME— STOP IN BROWNRIGG'S TAVERN Known to Carry the Finest Brands of WINES, LIQUORS and BEER For An Enjoyable Evening of Entertainment COME IN AND VISIT US Every Thursday Night is Our Souvenir Night FRIDAY NIGHTS PRIZE NIGHTS Come In and Get Yours 325 East 35th Street Victory 4968 Kersey, McGowan & Morsell UNDERTAKERS 20 Years at This Location AMBULANCE SERVICE GEO. I. KERSEY, Pres. D. A. McGOWAN, Sec'y. WM. I. MORSELL, Treasurer. 3515 Indiana Avenue Victory 1366 ECONOMY GRILL EXTENDS A WELCOME TO ALL VISITORS For ten years we have given courteous service to a Race that has made wonderful progress in 75 years. HOME COOKED FOOD — CHOICE LIQUORS WINES and BEER— FREE DELIVERY 312 East 47th Street Drexel 0612 Welcome to the American Negro Exposition COMPLIMENTS OF SMITH DRUG COMPANY L. M. SMITH, R.Ph. CUT RATE DRUGGISTS N.E. Cor. INDIANA AVE. and 31st ST. Phone Calumet 6224 Chicago, Illinois 20 Years of Satisfactory Service We Carry a Complete Line of WINES AND LIQUORS Popular Prices COMPLIMENTS OF H. Jo Coleman & Co., Inc. REALTORS Consult Our Sales Department for Outstanding Values at Low Prices and Reasonable Payments SALES, RENTING, INSURANCE, LOANS 4705 South State Street Drexel 1800 American Giants Garage 5900 South Wabash Ave. 320 East Garfield Blvd. Normal 3553 Atlantic 2042 "SERVICE THAT REALLY COUNTS" Storage — Repairing — Towing — Battery Service Simonizing — Body and Fender Work All Work Done by Experts and Fully Guaranteed Page Sixty-Two FINEST WINES, LIQUORS & BEER 24-Hour Delivery Service 407-09 East 43rd St. Oakland 1288 GEORGE JONES Manager Chicago, Illinois B E R G'S SUPER FOOD MART 503 East 35th Street Phone Drexel 0012 40 Years' Reputation of Service to the Public FOR YOUR LIQUOR SUPPLIES BERG'S LIQUOR STORE 501 East 35th Street Phone Drexel 0012 FREE DELIVERY SERVICE REAL ESTATE Sales, Property Management and Insurance 40 Years of Satisfactory Service Wm. Cassin & Company, Inc, REALTORS 442 E. 43rd St. 303 E. 58th St. Phone Oakland 3500 Phone Wentworth 8300 DON'T FORGET TO VISIT LYDIA # S SCHOOL OF BEAUTY CULTURE 4655 S. Michigan Ave. Drexel 7343 Only Newer Methods Taught HAIR STYLING OUR SPECIALTY © State Recognized and Accredited No Failures at State Board LYDIA B. ADAMS, President Page Sixty-Three M. ROZEN WELCOME TO CHICAGO! AMERICAN NEGRO EXPOSITION Be well dressed with the Best. Men's and Ladies' Clothing on the EASIEST Credit Terms in Chicago $1.00 Down and $1.00 Per Week Chicago Credit House 535 East 47th Street Open Tues., Thurs. at Sat. Eves. THE MAN WHO SATISFIES ALL CUSTOMERS CHARLES GLENN Automobile Broker Specializes in BUICKS and GOOD USED CARS 220 East Garfield Boulevard OFFICE: Normal 7000 1H E UBHWW OF THE AUG 121940 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS ATTENTION! This is the First Edition of the Official Program and Guide Book. For adver- tising space in the Final Edition Phone THE PROGRAM COMMITTEE Harrison 2530 321 South Plymouth Court 6th floor COMPLIMENTS OF COMMONWEALTH EMPLOYMENT SERVICE MRS. CARRIE LAW M. FIGGS 4105 S. Parkway Atlantic 2496 716 E. 43rd St. Kenwood 2421 DR. CLARENCE O. R. RODNEY PSYCHOLOGIST Consultant in matters of Love Affairs, Unhappy Marriages, Family Troubles, Backward Children, Vocational Guid- ance. All Problems of GOOD WILL. 3451 S. Michigan Boulevard 2nd Floor N.E. Corner at 35th St. Victory 7110 Page Sixty-Four Can You Spare A Moment For A Lonesome Pup? Congratulations! It shows that you find enjoyment in simple things . . . happiness in being friendly. It reflects a mind relaxed to enjoy the pleasant things of life. Neighbors and even strangers are quick to recognize and applaud your attitude . . . friends are sure to cherish it. You're not only liv- ing life, you're smoothing the way of life for others. Can Budweiser contribute to your way of living? Indeed! It has been the symbol of better living for nearly a century. Budweiser offers you companionship when you're alone . . . fellowship when among friends . . . and a flourish to the hospitality that graces your home. Jdve, jCifie . . . Cwvtj qcuwn minute, cfi M . . . Cnicn/ /3udivet6£A . . . Cvetof qc£cleti chop c/Jt ANHEUSER-BUSCH Makers of the World-Famous Beer... Budweiser TRADE MARK OF ANHEUSER-BUSCH. INC. ST. LOUIS, MO. .U.S.A. WE MAKE THIS CAP TEST: Look in Budweiser's bottle cap. A thin aluminum disc in every one. Many laboratory tests have proved that the disc provides a perfect seal and prevents air and cork particles from entering the beer. Another expense — but Budweiser's goodness must have every protection we can give it. YOU MAKE THIS TEST: Drink Budweiser for five days. On the sixth day try to drink a sweet beer. You will want Budweiser's flavor thereafter. r Pabst BLUE RIBBON Beer By Request The Silk Blae Ribbon once again graces the Pabst bottle • Like the grand old song everyone remembers, are the fond recollections of the silk Blue Ribbon on the famous Pabst bottle. And now, by popular request, tbe actual ribbon is back. Once more it graces the famous Pabst Blue Ribbon bottle. It's the Badge of Quality that says you really know beer ... a sign of Good Taste at your table . . . and more satisfying re- freshment for you! Remember— in beer there's only one Blue Ribbon Brand. Copyright 1240, Pabst Sales Company, ( hicago