740.7 P88c UNIVERSITY ILLINOIS LIBfj AT URBANA-CHAI BOOKSTAO OAK ST E NOTICE: Return or renew all Library Materials! The Minimum Fee for each Lost Book is $50.00. The person charging this material is responsible for its return to the library from which it was withdrawn on or before the Latest Date stamped below. Theft, mutilation, and underlining of books are reasons for discipli- nary action and may result in dismissal from the University. To renew call Telephone Center, 333-8400 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LIBRARY AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN to/ (7 1 'oS L161— 0-1096 Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2016 https://archive.org/details/catalogueoftextbOOpran CATaj^Jv, of Text Books AND Educational Materials, PUBLISHED BY THE PRANG EDUCATIONAL COMPANY 1892: THE PRANG EDUCATIONAL COMPANY, Alston. New York. Chicago, CONTENTS. Drawing Books and Manuals. Primary Course .... Shorter Course ..... Complete Course .... Introductory Drawing Book American Text Books of Art Education. Bevised edition .... Clark edition .... Geometric Problems .... The Prang Course in Color See also Color Materials. Models. Individual Sets, Primary Grades In bulk, for “ “ Individual Sets, Grammar Grades In bulk, for “ “ Special Sets .... Single Models .... Pattern Sheets .... Colored Sticks .... Modeling Clay .... Paper. Practice Paper .... Drawing “ Water-color Paper Charcoal “ Blank Books .... Sketching Portfolios Drawing Pencils Erasers School Squares Rulers ...... PAGE- 5 * 7 10 10-14 16 17 17 18 22 28 24 28 - 25 28 15 24 29 29 30 30 30 30 30 31 31 31 32 1 4 CONTENTS . PAGE Compasses 32 Drawing Instruments ...... ... 33 Scissors 34 Color Materials. Colored Papers 34 Color Charts 36 Color Tablets 36 Kindergarten Papers 36 Water Colors 37 Aids for Color Instruction. Studies in Water-color Painting 39 The Use of Water Colors ........ 39 Pine Art Reproductions 40 Outline Pictures for Coloring 39 See also The Prang Course in Color. Aids for Object Teaching. Prang’s Natural History Series 41 Supplement to Same . . * . . . „ . 0 . 44 Trades and Occupations 46 Aids for History Teaching 46 Examples for Drawing. Isometric Projections 47 Carpentry Drawing . 47 Machineiy “ elementary ....... 48 tylachinery “ advanced ....... 48 Building Construction . 48 Aids for Art Study. Lessons in Pencil Sketching from Nature ..... 49 Studies in Composition and Color 49 Outline Studies 49 Examples of Crayon Drawing ....... 50 Landscape Studies in Sepia ........ 50 Fine Art Reproductions 40 Plant-forms Ornamentally Treated . . . . . . . 51 Charts of Historic Ornament 51 Miscellaneous Drawing Copies 51 THE Prang Courses in Form Study and Drawing. All thorough work in drawing being based upon the study of form in objects, the Prang Courses provide first of all for the placing of well chosen models* in the hands of school children, from the lowest primary grades upward. This is done in order that pupils may become clearly and accurately acquainted with (a) The Facts of Form, (b) The Appearance of Form, and be prepared to reproduce their knowledge by the two methods of (a) Constructive Drawing, and (b) Representative Drawing. The Courses also provide for thorough instruction in the principles of Decoration and the expression of the knowledge obtained by Decorative Drawing. I. Prang’s Primary Course. In the first year pupils are provided with individual sets of mate- rial for study (Set No. 20), comprising the sphere, cube, cylinder, hemisphere, square prism, and right-angled triangular prism, the * See pages 21 -28. 6 PRANG’S COURSES IN FORM-STUDY AND DR A WING. circle, square, oblong, semicircle, and right-angled triangle, together with sticks of graded length in the three primary colors. A set of similar models of larger size (Set No. 25) is provided for the teacher. No drawing-books are needed for use in this grade, the pupil’s earlier drawings being preferably made on practice-paper. In the second year, Set No. 21 is put into the hands of each pupil, comprising the ellipsoid, ovoid, equilateral triangular prism, cone, square pyramid, and vase form, the ellipse, oval, equilateral triangle, isosceles triangle, and square, with sticks of graded length in the three primary colors. The same material with models of larger size (Set No. 26) is provided for the teacher. Practice-paper fills the place of drawing-books. A manual for teachers called The Use of Models gives clear and explicit instructions as to the work to be done in the two years’ Pri- mary Course, including modeling in cla} r , paper-cutting, stick-laving, drawing, language, number and color exercises. The manipulation of clay being not always practicable in public schools, a handbook for primary teachers has been prepared, omitting all exercises in clay-modeling. This Primary Manual is in two (pamphlet) parts, each part covering the ground of one year’s work. It includes the same general subject-matter as the Use of Models, with a valuable Appendix on Busy Work, — building, tablet and stick-laying, free drawing, and paper folding and cutting. PRANG’S COURSES IN FORM-STUDY AND DRAWING. 7 PRICE LIST OP PRIMARY MATERIAL. Prang’s Model Set, No. 20, for pupil 15 cts. “ “ “ “ 21, 15 “ “ “ “ “ 25, for teacher 30 “ “ “ “ “ 26, “ “ 35 “ Manual, “ The Use of Models” 50 “ Primary Manual, without Clay, Part 1 25 “ “ “ “ “ “II 25 “ II. Prang’s Shorter Course. Prang’s Shorter Course in Form Study and Drawing is intended to succeed the work of the Primary Course in schools whose degree or manner of organization made a distinctly simple and condensed programme of work the most desirable. It consists of a graded series of five drawing- books, each covering one year’s work, and a Shorter Course Manual, for the use of teachers. It presents the Elements of Form as derived from the simple geometric solids and surfaces, and directs the study and practice to the three divisions of drawing, namely : — CONSTRUCTIVE DRAWING ; the study and delineation of the facts of objects (as distinct from their pictorial appearance), including work- ing drawings, etc. REPRESENTATIVE DRAWING ; the representation of objects pictori- ally, or as they appear to the eye. DECORATIVE DRAWING; the representation and designing of orna ment. Each book contains opposite pages for practice and for final exer- cise, the practice-pages being perforated near their inner edge to allow of their later removal, if desired, leaving only the finished exercises bound in the cover. Occasional exercises in paper model- making are provided for in the form of printed patterns to be found on detachable pages. The printed copies throughout this series are reproductions of broad gray lines, having the soft effect desirable in pencil drawings. 8 PRANG'S COURSES IN FORM STUDY AND DR A WING. Book Number One provides for the study of the sphere, hemi- sphere, and cube, and of natural objects based upon these type-forms. Patterns are drawn from objects and hollow models made of paper. Fruit and leaves are drawn from nature, and original borders are arranged from given forms of simple ornament. Optional exercises in Color are suggested. Materials needed for use with Book I. : — Solids, — Spheres, hemispheres, cubes. Tablets, — Circles, semicircles, squares. Book Number Two takes up the cylinder, square prism, and vase forms, and natural objects based upon them. Patterns are drawn from objects, and hollow models of the same are made in paper. Fruit, leaves, and simple manufactured articles are drawn from the objects, and original ornaments are devised from given units of design arranged about a centre. Optional exercises in Color are suggested. Materials needed for use with Book II. : — Solids, — Cylinders, square prisms, vase forms. Tablets, — Circles, squares, oblongs. Book Number Three presents the work under three distinct heads, — Construction, Representation, and Decoration. It adds to the models already studied the ellipsoid, ovoid, and equilateral trian- gular prism. In Construction patterns are drawn from objects, and hollow models constructed in paper. In Representation models and objects are studied as to their appearance below the level of the eve, and their arrangement in groups. In Decoration practice is required in conventionalization of natural forms, and their application in orna- ment. Optional exercises in Color are suggested. Materials needed for use with Book III. : — Solids, — Ellipsoids, ovoids, equilateral triangular prisms. Tablets, — Ellipses, ovals, equilateral triangles. Book Number Four is devoted largely to the study of the cube, cylinder, and cone, and natural objects of like form, both as to their facts and as to their appearance. In Construction pupils make their own models. Exercises in constructive design are given. In Representation the study of the appearance of rectangular objects below the eye is continued. The study of plant growth is especially PRANG* S COURSES IN FORM-STUDY AND DRAWING . 3 emphasized, and drawings are made from natural branches. In Dec- oration historic forms of ornament are studied ; the spiral appears as an element in decoration, and the development of ornament from plant forms is con'inued. Color exercises are suggested. Materials needed for use with Book IV. : — Solids, — Spheres, cubes, cylinders, square prisms, cones. Book Number Five, under the head of Construction, requires figured working drawings, showing the facts of form in rectangular, pyramidal, and hexagonal solids. Pupils construct tneir own models. In Representation the principles of foreshortening and perspective are applied in pictorial representation, and groups are arranged and drawn from nature. In Decoration examples of historic ornament are studied, and original designs arranged for surface coverings, rosettes, and borders. Materials needed for use with Book V. : — Solids, — Cubes, square prisms, equilateral triangular prisms, hexag- onal prisms, square plinths, and square pyramids. Prang’s Shorter Course Manual is carefully arranged for the teacher’s aid in connection with the Shorter Course Books I.-V. It gives full and explicit directions for securing proper position and practice movement in the required drill exercises ; explains in detail the orderly steps of object-study, the development of accurate obser- vation of type-forms and objects based on them, and the training of the judgment in questions of proportion and symmetry. Many valu- able suggestions are made as to details in the working out of each lesson ; and an Appendix on Color offers indispensable hints as to its theoretic principles and the proper handling of color materials. PRICES. Prang’s Shorter Course Drawing- Books, per doz. . . . $1.80 “ “ “ Manual, each 50 Models, according to selection. The supply of Models needed for use with the Shorter Course Books depends always on circumstances , being conditioned by the num- ber of pupils in any one school building studying the same type-forms . Detailed information and estimates on desirable supplies will be fur-' nished on application . 10 PRANG’S COURSES IN FORM-STUDY AND DRAWING. Prang’s Introductory Drawing-Book is a condensation of Shorter Course Books I. -III., and is intended for the use of pupils in grammar grades who, at the time of introducing this Course into the schools, may he found insufficiently prepared for the proper work of their grade, and so in need of a rapid review of the required work of Books I.— III. before beginning on that more appropriate to their age and general attainments. It is accompanied by a Manual for Prang’s Introductory Book, especially prepared to aid the teacher in conducting the comprehensive work required of pupils at this juncture. Materials needed for use with the Introductory Book : — Solids, — Spheres, cubes, cylinders, square prisms, right-angled trian- gular prisms. Tablets, — Circles, semicircles, squares, oblongs. PRICES. Prang’s Introductory Books, per doz §1.80 “ “ Manuals, gratis. Model supplies estimated on application. III. Prang’S Complete Course. Prang’s Complete Course is intended for use in place of the Shorter Course in the Intermediate, Grammar, and High Schools of the larger towns and cities where the work is well established in proper grade, and where a due amount of time is available for the study of Form, Drawing and Color. It consists of twelve graded Drawing-books, with accompanying Patterns for model-making, and Manuals for the use of teachers. These Drawing-books are to be fol- lowed by special text books on work in Light and Shade and in Color. The principles and methods of this Course are essential^’ the same as those of the Shorter Course, the work being broadened in many ways to meet fully the more extended requirements of the best graded city schools. The series is so arranged that two books may be con- veniently used each year in schools where promotions are made semi- annually. The construction of hollow models from pasteboard patterns is made an educational feature of the first seven books of this Course. PRANG’S COURSES IN FORM-STUDY AND DRA WING. 11 The necessary pattern-sheets accompany the various Drawing-books, as below listed, without extra charge. A Manual for Teachers is provided to accompany every two books in the Complete Course. These Manuals explain in full detail the objects and method of each prescribed exercise, with many sugges- tions as to the helpful relations of the work to other school studies. Book Number One provides for the study of the simpler models, and of natural objects based upon these type-forms. Pat- terns are drawn from objects and hollow models made of paper. Fruit and leaves are drawn from nature. Simple forms of historic ornament are studied and drawn, and original borders are arranged from given units. Color exercises are suggested. Patterns furnished with Book I. : — Cube, sphere, cubical box. Materials needed for use with Book I. : — Solids, — Spheres, hemispheres, cubes. Tablets, — Circles, semicircles, squares. Book Number Two adds new type-forms for study, and natural objects based upon them. Patterns are drawn from objects, and models of the same are made in paper. Vegetables, leaves, and sim- ple manufactured articles are drawn from the objects. Simple forms of historic ornament are studied and drawn, and original ornaments are devised from given units of design arranged about a centre. Color exercises are suggested. Patterns furnished with Book II. : — Square prism, envelope. Materials needed for use with Book II. : — Solids, — Spheres, cylinders, square prisms. Tablets, — Circles, squares and oblongs. Book Number Three adds vase forms to the types already studied. In this Book the work is presented under three distinct heads : Construction, Representation, and Decoration. The exercises in Construction develop into Working- Drawings and Constructive Design. The exercises in Representation develop into Pictorial Drawing and Artistic Composition ; those in Decoration into the sys- 12 PRANG'S COURSES IN FORM-STUDY AND DRAWING . tematic study and drawing of Historic Ornament and the practice of Decorative Design. The work in these three subjects is now carried on simultaneously, the exercises being so graded as to make regularly increasing demands upon the pupil’s developing thought, taste, and power of execution. Drill exercises and Color exercises are provided for in each book. Patterns furnished with Book III. : — Cylindric box, square box, cylinder. Materials needed for use with Book III. : — 'Solids, — Cylinders, square prisms, vase forms. Tablets, — Circles, squares, oblongs. Book Number Four. The drawing of views and of patterns is further developed, and objects are made from patterns. The appear- ance of objects below the level of the e}'e, and their arrangement in oleasing groups receive special attention. Historic ornament and plant life are studied for their decorative beauty and suggestiveness, and exercises in Color are outlined. Patterns furnished with Book IV. : — Equilateral triangular prism, toy house. Materials needed for use with Book IV. : — Solids, — Ellipsoids, ovoids, equilateral triangular prisms. Tablets, — Ellipses, ovals, circles, oblongs, triangles. Book Number Five continues the making of patterns by de- velopment of the surfaces of solids, and includes the drawing of views of two solids combined. The exercises in representative draw- ing include the study of objects above the level of t ie ej*e, and special attention is given to the simple and artistic rendering of natural twigs and branches. Ornament is studied both from plant forms and from historic examples, and optional exercises in Color are pro- vided for. Patterns furnished with Book V. : — Cone, driuking-cup. Materials needed for use with Book V. : — Spheres, cubes, cylinders, square prisms, cones, vases. Book Number Six continues the same lines of work, the exer- cises in construction including the reading and making of working PRANG’S COURSES IN FORM-STUDY AND DRAWING. 13 drawings of familiar objects. The work in representation includes pictorial drawing of objects turned at an angle, and that of simple sprays of flowers. The study of historic ornament and of plant growth is continued, and simple original designs are required from pupils. Color exercises are included. Patterns furnished with Book VI. : — Square pyramid, square plinth. Materials needed for use with Book VI. : — Cubes, cylinders, square prisms, equilateral triangular prisms, square pyramids, square plinths. Book Number Seven introduces the use of compasses and rulers. Simple geometric problems are first given for solution with these instruments and afterward constructive drawings are required, involving the use of these preliminary exercises. From this point on, freehand and instrumental work are carried on side by side. The work in Construction, Representation, and Decoration is broadened gradually as the Course develops. Work in Color is suggested. Patterns furnished with Book VII. : — Basin, hexagonal prism. Materials needed for use with Book VII. : — Cube, cylinder, cone, square prism, square pyramid, hollow cylinder, vases. Compasses and rulers. Book Number Eight continues the practice of both freehand and instrumental work. The drawing of sectional views, the solving of problems in Construction and the practice of simple Constructive Design are features of the work of this book. The exercises in Repre- sentation and Decoration develop further the artistic principles studied in the more elementary books, special attention being given, in the latter subject, to characteristic examples of Egyptian and Greek ornament. Work in Color is suggested. Materials needed for use with Book VIII. : — Frames, hollow cylinder, incised cube, cubical flights of steps. Corm passes and rulers. Book Number Nine includes both freehand and instrumental exercises. Constructive Design and original pattern-making are im- portant features of the work outlined. The varying appearance of 14 PRANG'S COURSES IN FORM-STUDY AND DRAWING. objects viewed in different positions is studied and expressed by picto- rial drawing, and particular emphasis is laid on the artistic rendering of natural forms and of architectural examples. Four extra illus- trated pages provide for the pupils’ study fine examples of Roman, Byzantine and Romanesque architecture, with many separate examples of good ornament in these historic styles, to be studied and repro- duced by the pupil. Original Decorative Design is also required. Work in Color is suggested. Materials needed for use with Book IX. : — Bracket, pulley, equilateral triangular prism, vases. Compasses and rulers. Further books of this series are in preparation. PRICES. Complete Course Drawing-books, Nos. 1-6 (with Pattern Sheets) ,per doz Complete Course Drawing-books, Nos. 7-12 per doz. Manuals for Complete Course Books (one manual for two Books) , each Extra copies Patterns for Book I., per doz. “ “ “ “ “ II., “ “ “ “ “ III., “ “ “ “ “ IV., “ “ “ “ “ V., “ “ “ “ “ VI., “ “ “ “ “ VII., Models, according to need. $ 1.20 2.40 .50 .24 .24 .36 .24 .24 .24 24 The supply of Models needed for use with the Complete Course Books depends always on circumstances , being conditioned by the number of pupils in any one school building studying the same type-forms. Detailed information and estimates on desirable supplies will be fur- nished on application. Prang’s Introductory Drawing-Book is a condensation of Complete Course Books I. -II I., and is intended for the use of pupils in grammar grades who, at the time of introducing this Course into the schools, may be found insufficiently prepared for the proper work of their grade, and so in need of a rapid review of the required work of Books I. -III., before beginning on that more appropriate to their age and general attainments. It is accompanied by a Manual for PRANG’S COURSES IN FORM-STUDY AND DRAWING. 15 Prang’s Introductory Book, especially prepared to aid the teacher in conducting the comprehensive work required of pupils at this juncture. Materials needed for use with the Introductory Book : — Solids, — Spheres, cubes, cylinders, square prisms, right-angled tri- angular prisms. Tablets, — Circles, semicircles, squares, oblongs. PRICES. Prang’s Introductory Books, per doz. . $1.80 “ “ Manuals, gratis. Model supplies estimated on application. PATTERN SHEETS. The manila cardboard patterns (supplied without charge to pur- chasers of Complete Course Books) may also be had on separate sheets as below : — Cube and sphere, per doz. . $0.12 Cubical box, “ .12 Square prism, “ .12 Envelope, “ .12 Cylindric box, “ .12 Square box, “ .12 Hollow cylinder, “ .12 Equilateral triangular prism, per doz. . .12 Toy house, per doz. . .12 Cone, “ 0 .12 Drinking cup, “ o .12 Square pyramid/* . .12 Square plinth, u . .12 Basin, 64 .12 Hexagonal prism, per doz. .12 PRANG’S AMERICAN TEXT BOOKS OF ART EDUCATION. REVISED EDITION. This series of text-books was published previous to the issue of Prang’s Primary, Shorter and Complete Courses. It is used in many places where the schools are imperfectly supplied with models. THE PRIMARY COURSE Consists of Two Series of Cards, containing copies for drawing, and The Primary Manual, containing form lessons from solids, suggestions to teachers in regard to the beginning the study of drawing in the Primary Schools, daily lessons with alternative exercises for two years and full directions for the exercises on the cards. THE GRAMMAR COURSE Consists of Fourteen Text-Books, arranged to give instruction in the different features of the study of Drawing in Grammar Schools in as practical and progressive a manner as is possible without models. The books each contain twenty pages with exercises in drawing and designing, suitable for one term or for one half year. PRICE LIST OF THE REVISED EDITION. Primary Manuals, per copy . . . . . . . $0.75 “ Cards, per dozen packages . 1 00 Text-Books, Nos. 1 to 5, Small Books, Manila Paper, per dozen . . 1.00 “ “ “ 6 to 14, Large Books, White Paper “ . . 2.00 Manuals, Parts 1 and 2, for Books Nos. 1 to 4, each part ... .50 Teachers’ Assistant, for Books Nos. 5 to 14 . . . . . .25 PRANG’S GEOMETRIC PROBLEMS. 11 CLARK EDITION, BOOKS NOS. 5 TO 10. The “ Clark Edition” is a special edition of Prang’s American Text- Books of Art Education, Nos. 5 to 10, in which the subject of Construction, developed by means of models and objects presented as an integral part of the course. PRICE LIST OF THE CLARK EDITION. Text-Books, Nos. 5 and 6, Small Books, Manila Paper, per dozen . $1.00 “ “ Nos. 7 to 10, Large Books, White Paper, “ . 2.00 Manual, Part III. for Books Nos. 5 and 6 ..... .50 Preliminary Manuals for Books Nos. 7, 8, 9 and 10, free on application. PRANG’S GEOMETRIC PROBLEMS. This special Drawing Book comprises thirty-nine graded ex- ercises in geometric drawing, covering the solution and application of forty-seven common geometric problems. It is largely used in High Schools and in advanced Grammar grades. Price $3.00 per dozen. The Prang Course OF Instruction in Color. Among thoughtful teachers, the study of the child has come to be an accepted necessity in educational progress. The new methods of teaching the fundamental studies are strikingly in advance of the old methods. The best schools have abandoned the method of beginning the instruction of children by forcing upon them the technical formulae of ready-made knowledge, regardless of the child’s limited capacity for grasping the ideas of mature minds. The best teaching of Language, Number, Geography, Elementary Science and Drawing now takes sympathetic account of the child’s powers of observing and thinking, and also of the manner in which these powers can best be developed. As with the instruction in these subjects, so it should be with Color. If instruction in Color is to come into the schools as a part of our s}’stem of public education, it must be based ou souud educational principles, and must be developed according to educational methods, — that is, methods consistent with the actual mental condition of the children under instruction, and with the known laws of mental growth. Extended and careful observations of voung children, made by competent persons under the most varied conditions, show it to be -a fact that children do not see color as adults see color. The color :sense in most young children is imperfect in action and limited in range. The Prang Course of Instruction in Color begins by recog- nizing this fact, and appeals, in the first place, to the child’s rudi- mentary color sense. From this beginning, it unfolds through graded .exercises involving at every step the activity of the pupil’s individual THE PRANG COURSE IN COLOR. 19 powers of color observation and color expression. The object of these exercises is : — To develop in the pupil, through direct and repeated observations of color, the power to recognize beauty and harmony in color effects. To train the pupil, through the wisely guided personal use of color material, to skill in expressing thought and feeling by the use of such material. To so connect the pupil’s study of Color with that of Form, Drawing and other branches of school instruction, that his developing powers of color observation and color expression may be of value in his study of Nature and of Art. The Color Instruction heretofore provided in the schools has been of a purely abstract and theoretic sort, taking account only of the science of Color in itself considered. The Prang Course of Instruc- tion in Color is the first ever devised and formulated with a distinct recognition of the relation of Color to the mental condition and mental growth of children. It is the only Course founded at once on a thorough knowledge of the scientific side of the subject of Color, a full appreciation of the Art side of the problem, and long and widely extended experimental study of the color sense in children and its pro - gressive development under training. Materials for carrying out the work of this Course of Instruction are being prepared, and will soon be completely ready for the schools. The materials for Primary work include Color Charts of various kinds, Colored Tablets and Colored Papers. The use of Water-Colors in the Primary School is rarely practicable, but the Papers prepare for work with Water-Colors. The materials for Intermediate, Grammar and higher grades include Color Charts, Colored Papers and Water- Colors. (See pages 34-37.) The standards of Color presented to pupils have been fixed after long study of the scientific theory of Color, wide experience in the actual use of Color in Art and in the industries, and repeated con- ference with color experts, both American and European. In the preparation of Prang's Scales of Color, several important considera- tions have been taken into account : — 20 THE PRAXG COURSE IX COLOR. 1. The solar spectrum, though often referred to as the natural standard for physical color, does not give us the complete physi - cal series of colors. It gives us no pure red (the red of the spectrum being distinctly yellowish), and shows none of the colors intermediate between red-violet and spectrum red. But these colors must exist in white light, for we see them occasion- ally in nature. 2. The educational presentation and development of the subject of color in public schools must be made through the use of pigments or materials colored with pigments. The scientific aspects of color phenomena are of interest to all, and of unquestioned value to the artist, but their study belongs to advanced work in physics. It is impracticable to teach scientific theories of color to young children. 3. Demonstration by means of pigments requires for its basis some tangible unit of color materially represented by pigments. As, therefore, the solar spectrum is so incomplete a presentation of the color possibilities locked up in white light, it is not sufficient for educational purposes to simply reproduce the solar spectrum in pigments as the basis for study. The full cycle of color must be completed and presented. 4. The practical creation of such an ideal color circle must be Under- taken with distinct recognition of the aesthetic purpose of Color Instruction and of the direct relation of such instruction to the artistic use of pigments. The hues selected as typical in their respective places in the color circle must be as satisfactory to the aesthetically trained color sense as the practical conditions of pigment handling render possible. Purity of hue, permanence of hue, and freedom from arsenic in the materials employed must be accepted as practical limitations of choice. It is believed that the Prang Course of Instruction in Color will be found a sound educational formulation of the subject, and that Prang’s Standard Colored Papers, and the other color material pro- vided for working out this Course in the schools, will prove practical and satisfactory in school-room use. For particulars regarding Color Material and aids for Color Instruction see pages 34-40. PRANG’S MODELS FOR FORM-STUDY AND DRAWING. These Models have been specially designed for the teaching of Form and of Drawing in Primary and Grammar Schools. It is recognized by all good teachers that instruction in Form and Drawing must not only start from Models, but must also be based mainly, in all its stages, upon Models and Objects. One of the principal reasons why so little progress has been made in tbe teaching of Form and Drawing is to be found in the fact that the instruction has but rarely been based upon the use of Models and Objects. It may be regarded as a fact, settled by experience, that the instruction in Form and Drawing which does not start from Models, and which throughout is not based mainly upon Models and Objects, is not sound instruction. Particular attention is invited to the following points in the Prang Models : — ACCURACY OF FORM. — In Form-Study, accurate Models are in- dispensable. It is a grave mistake to suppose that indifferently made Models will answer in the training of children. So strong is the feeling with children that ‘-about right” will answer in their work, that it is necessary, in the study of Form and Drawing, to lay the utmost emphasis upon their getting accurate ideas of type-forms in their minds. If they have inaccurate Models to study, they will certainly get incorrect ideas of form in their minds, and a higher standard of work than “ about right” cannot be expected of them. In the manufacture of Prang’s Models the utmost pains have been taken to have them accurately made. BEAUTY OF FORM. — While accuracy of form is indispensable in Models for children, beauty of form is of equal importance. Beauty of form is largely dependent upon good proportion ; and it is necessary, therefore, that pupils should have objects to study in which proportion as an element of beauty can be distinctly seen. In Prang’s Models special attention has been given to this point, and the proportions of each have been fixed with reference to the beauty of the form. THEIR COST. — The great obstacle hitherto in the way of supplying schools with suitable Models and Objects has been their cost. This objection exists no longer, for Prang’s Models can now be supplied to every Primary and Grammar School at a comparatively slight outlay. Liberal Discounts from the catalogue rates are allowed to schools and to the trade. 22 PRANG'S MODELS FOR FORM-STUDY AND DRAWING. Outfits of Models can be arranged, with a view to both conven- ience and econom 3 % to meet varying school conditions. Correspond- ence on this point is especially solicited. Information should be given as to the a. Number of buildings to be supplied. b. Number of rooms in each building. c. Number and rank of grades in each room. d. Number of pupils in each grade. Materials for Primary Grades. The models, tablets, and other material needed for Primary grades may be supplied in individual sets, in class sets, or in bulk. In most cases the individual sets are far preferable to other modes of supply for Primary schools. A much larger variety of material for study and comparison in any one lesson can be furnished on this plan, and the neatly packed boxes can be distributed and collected under ordinary school-room conditions in less time and with less noise than would be possible with loose models in boxes or baskets. Sot No, 20. — For Individual Pupils in the First Year cf School. (See illustration.) This set comprises one each of the following solids : Sphere, Cube, Cylinder, Hemisphere, Square Prism, Right-angled Triangular Prism ; six each of the following plane figures : Circle, Semicircle, Square, Oblong, Right- angled Triangle; and colored sticks, assorted lengths, 1, 2, 3, and 4 inches. PRANG* S MODELS FOR FORM-STUDY AND DRAWING. 23 The teacher of a class supplied with these individual sets should herself have a set of the same materials in such a larger size that separate pieces may be readily seen across the school-room. Provision for this need is made in Set No. 25. — Size of solids, 2x4 inches. Price . SO. 30 This set contains the Sphere, Hemisphere, Cube, Cylinder, Square Prism, Right-angled Triangular Prism; Circles, Semicircles, Squares, Ob- longs, Right-angled Triangles, and sticks. Set No. 21 . — For Individual Pupils in the Second Year of School. ( See illustration .) / This set comprises one each of the following solids : Ellipsoid, Ovoid, Equilateral Triangular Prism, Cone, Square Pyramid, Yase Form; six each of the following plane figures : Ellipse, Oval, Circle, Square, Equilateral Triangle, Right-angled Triangle, Isosceles Triangle; and colored sticks, assorted lengths, 1, 2, 3, and 4 inches. The Teacher during the second year of school should have the same materials in larger size, as provided in Set No. 26, — Size of solids, 2x4 inches. Price . . $0.35 24 PRANG’S MODELS FOR FORM-STUDY AND DR A WING. This set contains the Ellipsoid, Ovoid, Equilateral Triangular Prism. Cone, Square Pyramid, and Vase Form; Ellipses, Ovals, Circles, Squares, Equilateral Triangles, Right-angled Triangles, Isosceles Triangles, and sticks. STICKS, FOR STICK-LAYING. Price per box of 1,500, assorted lengths, 1 to 5 inches . 80.75 These sticks are in three colors, Red, Blue, and Yellow. Materials for Intermediate, Grammar, and High School Grades. The Models and Tablets needed for Intermediate and Grammar grades are sometimes more conveniently handled in individual sets or in class sets, — sometimes in bulk,* according to the size and location of grades. INDIVIDUAL SETS. Set No. 22. — Size of solids, 2 inches diameter. Price, 80.15 This set of Models contains : Sphere, Hemisphere, Cube ; four each : Circle, Semicircle, Square ; and one dozen 2-inch sticks. Set No. 23. — Size of solids, 2 x 4 inches. Price . . 80.20 This set of models contains: Cylinder, Square Prism, Vase Form; and four each : Circle, Square, Oblong. Set No. 24. — Size of solids, 2x4 inches. Price . . 80.20 This set of Models contains : Equilateral Triangular Prism, Right-angled Triangular Prism, Ellipsoid, Ovoid; and four each: Ellipse, Oval, Equi lateral Triangle, Right-angled Triangle. CLASS SETS. Set No. 3. — Price of complete set 86.50 This set contains one each of the following seven solids, diameter of sphere 4 inches, put up in a handsome box : Sphere, halved and quartered, Cube, quartered diagonally, Pentagonal Prism, Hexagonal Prism, Octagonal Prism, Vase (a), Vase (6). Set No. 5. — Price 83.50 This set contains the following geometric forms, sphere 4 inches in diameter: Sphere, Cone, Cylinder, Equilateral Triangular Prism, Hexag- onal Prism. For models in bulk see page 28. PRANG’S MODELS FOR FORM-STUDY AND DRAWING. 25 Set No. 4. — Price of complete set &18.00 ILLUSTRATION OF SET NO. 4. This set contains the following' twenty solids, diameter of cube 4 inches, put up in a handsome box :■ — 1. Cube with Incised Paces, 4-inch Face. 2. Square Plinth, 6X2 inches. 3. Oblong Block, 4 x S x 3 inches. 4. Square Prism, divided diagonal- ly, 4 x 8 INCHES. 5. Circular Plinth, 6X2 inches. 6. Cubical Steps, 4-inch face. 7. Flight of 3 Steps, 8 inches long, 2-inch tread, 1 j-inch RISER. 8. Cross, 6X2 inches. 9. Double Cone, divided and dow- ELI.ED, 4X8 INCHES. 10. Hollow Cylinder, divided and DOWELLED, 4X8 INCHES. 11. Hollow-flanged Cylinder, DIVIDED AND DOWELLED, 4X8 INCHES. 12. Chimney Model, divided and 13. Egg and Egg-Cup. [dowelled. 14. Spool, 6X8 inches. 15. Square Pyramid, divided and dowelled, 4X8 inches. 16. Frame (a), 12 inches square, 4 pieces, halved. 17. Frame (&), 12 inches square, 4 PIECES, MORTISED. 18. Bracket Model, 8^ x 12 x l inch. 19. Pulley Model, divided and dow- elled, DIAMETER 5 INCHES. 20. Vase. 26 PRANG'S MODELS FOR FORM-STUDY AND DRA WING. Model Sets for Normal and Private Schools and Special Students. Normal Set No. 1. — Solids, 4 X 8 inches. Price . $18.00 This set comprises : Sphere, Cube, Cylinder, Cone, Ellipsoid, Ovoid, Bracket, Pulley, Vase, Frames. Chimney, Square Prism, Square Plinth, Square Pyramid. Hollow Cylinder. Hollow-flanged Cylinder, Flight of Two Steps, Flight of Three Steps. Hexagonal Prism. Equilateral Triangular Prism, Right-angled Triangular Prism. Normal Set No. 2. — Solids, 1 X 2 inches. Price . $0.50 This set comprises : Sphere, Cube, Cylinder, Hemisphere, Square Prism, Right-angled Triangular Prism, Equilateral Triangular Prism, Ellipsoid, Ovoid, Cone, Square Pyramid, Vase Form, with six each of the following tablets : Circle, Square, Broad Oblong, Narrow Oblong, Semicircle, Narrow Ellipse, Broad Ellipse, Oval, Right-angled Triangle. Equilateral Triangle, Isosceles Triangle, Right-angled Scalene Triangle ; also, Sticks, Pencil, Draw- ing Paper, Colored Paper, Scissors. Eraser and Ruler. Normal Set No. 3. — Solids, 2 X 4 inches. Price . $1.25 This set comprises : Sphere, Cube, Cylinder. Hemisphere, Square Prism, Right-angled Triangular Prism. Hexagonal Prism. Ellipsoid, Ovoid, Equi- lateral Triangular Prism, Cone, Square Pyramid, Vase Form, Square and Circular Plinths, with six each of the following tablets : Circle, inch and two inch, Square, inch and two inch, Broad Oblong, Semicircle, inch and two inch, Right-angled Triangle, Narrow Oblong, Narrow Ellipse, Broad Ellipse, Oval, Equilateral Triangle, Isosceles Triangle, Right-angled Scalene Triangle ; also. Scissors, Colored Paper, Pencil, Eraser. Ruler, Sticks and Paper for folding, cutting and drawing. Normal Set No. 4. — Solids, in two sizes, 1x2 and 2x4 inches. Price $1 50 This set includes two each of the following : Sphere, Cube, Cylinder, Hemisphere, Square Prism, Right-angled Triangular Prism, Ellipsoid, Ovoid, Equilateral Triangular Prism, Cone, Square Pyramid, Vase Form; one each of the following : Hexagonal Prism, Square and Circular Plinths ; with six each of the following tablets : Circle, three sizes, Square, three sizes, Broad Oblong, Semicircle, three sizes, Right-angled Triangle, Narrow Oblong, Nar- row Ellipse, Broad Ellipse, Oval, Equilateral Triangle, Isosceles Triangle, Right-angled Scalene Triangle; also, Scissors. Colored Paper. Pencil, Eraser, Ruler, Sticks, Paper for folding, cutting, and drawing. PRANG’S MODELS FOR FORM-STUDY AND DRA WING. 27 Set No. 1 6 . — Price $0.75 This set contains one each of the following solids, pupils’ size, 2x4 inches : Sphere, Hemisphere, Cube, Cylinder, Square Prism, Right-angled Triangular Prism, Equilateral Triangular Prism, Hexagonal Prism, Ellipsoid, Ovoid, Cone, Square Pyramid, Square Plinth, Circular Plinth, Vase. Also four each of the following tablets, 2x4 inches : Circle, Semicircle, Square, Oblong, Equilateral Triangle, Right-angled Triangle, Isosceles Tri- angle, Ellipse, Oval. Prang’s “ Primary Materials.” Price . . . $1.00 This assortment of materials has been arranged for the use of individuals wishing to make themselves experimentally acquainted with the methods and exercises given in Prang’s Primary Manual on The Use of Models. This box contains one each of the following solids, 1x2 inches in size : Sphere, Cube, Cylinder, Hemisphere, Square Prism, Right-angled Triangular Prism, Ellipsoid, Ovoid, Equilateral Triangular Prism, Cone, Square Pyra- mid, Yase; four each of Circle, Square, Oblong, Semicircle, Right-angled Triangle, Ellipse, Oval, Equilateral Triangle, Isosceles Triangle ; 60 Sticks, — Blue, Red, and Yellow, — of assorted lengths, 1 to 5 inches; a Lead Pencil and Eraser, 200 Sheets of Manila Drawing Paper, 24 Sheets Colored Paper, one box Color Tablets containing 72 pieoes, one miniature Color Chart, one box containing 8 Water Colors and Brush. 28 PRANG* S MODELS FOR FORM-STUDY AND DRAWING. Price List of Separate Pieces of Prang’s Models. Solids, Teacher’s Size, A. Cube, 4 inches face, solid .... $0.40 Cube, 4 inches face, incised faces . . .45 Cube, 4 inches face, quartered diagonally 0.60 Sphere, 4 inches diameter, solid . . .60 Sphere, 4 inches diameter, halved and quartered 75 Sphere, 4-inch diameter, divided and dowel led 1.00 Hemisphere, 4 inches diameter . . .50 Cylinder, 4x8 inches, solid . . .60 Cylindei, 4x8 inches, divided and do welled 1.00 Hollow Cylinder, 4x8 inches, divided and dowelled 1.25 Hollow. flanged Cylinder, 4x8 inches, divided and dowelled .... 1.40 Cone, 4x8 inches, solid 60 Cone, 4x8 inches, divided and dowelled . 1.00 Double Cone, 4x8 inches 75 Double Cone, 4x8 inches, divided and dowelled Square Prism, 4x8 inches Square Prism, 4x8 inches, divided diag onally Square Plinth, 2x6 inches Oblong Block, 4x3x8 inches . Square Pyramid, 4x8 inches . Square Pyramid, 4x8 inches, dividet and dowelled Right angled Triangular Prism, 4 x 5| x 8 inches ...... Equilateral Triangular Prism, 4 x 8 inches Pentagonal Prism, 4x8 inches Hexagonal Prism, 4x8 inches . Hexagonal Pyramid, 4x8 inches Octagonal Prism, 4x8 inches . Circular Plinth, 2x6 inches Cubical Steps, 4 inches face Flight of Three Steps, 8 inches long, inches tread, 1| inches riser . Cross, 2x6 inches .... Chimney Model, 4x8 inches, dividet and dowelled Egg and Egg Cup, 4x8 inches Spool, 6 x 8 inches .... Frame (a), 12 inches square, 4 pieces halved Frame (b), 12 inches square, 4 pieces mortised 40 Bracket Model, 8 x 12 x 1 inch ... .75 Pulley Model, diameter 5 inches, divided and dowelled 1.25 Vase (a), 8 x 12 inches .... 3.00 Vase (b) , 8 inches high 75 Vase (c), 8 x 12 inches .... 3.00 Vase (c/), 6 inches high 75 Ovoid, 4x6 inches 75 Ellipsoid, 4 x 6 inches . . . . .75 Solids, Pupils’ Size, B. Cube, 2 inches face . . . .$0.05 Square Prism, 2x4 inches . . . .05 Square Pyramid, 2x4 inches . . „ .05 Solids, Pupils’ Size, B — Continued. Right-angled Triangular Prism, 4 inches long Equilateral Triangular Prism, 4 inches long Sphere, 2 inches diameter Hemisphere, 2 inches diameter . Cylinder, 2x4 inches Cone, 2 x 4 inches Ellipsoid, 2 inches short diameter Ovoid, 2 inches short diameter . Vase Double Cone, 2x4 inches . Hexagonal Prism, 2x4 inches . Square Plinth, 3x3x1 inch Circular Plinth, 3x1 inch . $0.05 Solids, Pupils’ Size, C. Cube, 1 inch face $0.03 Square Prism, 1 x 2 inches . . . .03 Square Pyramid, 1x2 inches ... .03 Right-angled Triangular Prism, 2 inches long 03 Equilateral Triangular Prism, 2 inches long .03 Sphere, 1 inch diameter 03 Hemisphere, 1 inch diameter ... .03 Cylinder, 1x2 inches 03 Cone, 1x2 inches 03 Ellipsoid, 1 inch short diameter . . .03 Ovoid, 1 inch short diameter ... .03 Vase 03 Tablets, Teacher’s Size, A Circle, 12 inches diameter . Square, 12 inches diameter Broad Oblong, 12 inches long . Semicircle, 12 inches diameter . Right-angled Triangle, 12 inches long Narrow Oblong, 12 inches long Isosceles Triangle, 12 inches Equilateral Triangle, 12 inches . Broad Ellipse, 12 inches . Narrow Ellipse .... Oval Tablets, Pupils’ Size, B. Circles, per. hundred . Semicircles, per hundred Squares, per hundred Oblongs, per hundred Triangles, per hundred Ellipses, per hundred Ovals, per hundred . Tablets, Pupils’ Size, C. Circles, per hundred . Semicircles, per hundred Squares, per hundred Oblongs, per hundred Triangles, per hundred Ellipses, per hundred Ovals, per hundred $0.25 .25 .25 .25 .25 .25 .2b .25 .25 .25 $1.00 1.00 1.00 1 00 1.00 1.00 1.00 $0.50 .50 .50 .50 .50 .50 .50 PRAM’S EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS All needed materials for public school instruction in Form Study, Drawing and Color will be supplied by the publishers of the Prang Courses of Study. Liberal discounts from catalogue prices are allowed to schools and to the trade . MODELING CLAY. Ordinary sculptor’s or potter’s clay can be obtained in many localities without sending to an educational supply house. Whenever clay cannot be found at a neighboring pottery, it will be furnished by the publishers of the Prang text-books, the purchaser paying trans- portation charges. 51b. “bricks” . 25 cts. each. PRACTICE PAPER. Pupils should begin to draw on paper before leaving the primary schools. Indeed, many of the best teachers wholly disapprove of drawing on slates, and recommend that the children begin their first work on paper. For the purpose of facilitating the drawing on paper in primary classes, a special grade of Manila Practice Paper has been prepared by the publishers, at about the cost of ordinary wrapping paper, with a surface adapted to free-hand work. While the paper used in the primary classes is to be of a low-priced quality, the use of smooth or glazed Manila paper, like the common wrapping paper, should not be encouraged. Such paper is an obstacle in the way of developing the proper touch in good free-hand work with children. PRICES. Full sheets, 24 x 36 In packages of 100 sheets, 6x9 . “ “ “ “ 8x11 “ “ “ “ 9x12 $5.00 per ream. 10 cts. per package 15 “ “ “ 20 “ “ 30 PRANG'S EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS. DRAWING PAPER. Good weight and excellent surface for work in Grammar, High and Normal Schools. White, extra fine, 21 x 24 . . . .50 cts. per quire. Tinted, 19x21 25 “ “ “ “ (heavier) 20 x 22 h 45 “ “ “ Special Sizes at Special Rates. Whatman’s Water-color Paper, hot or cold pressed, for High Schools and Evening Schools. Prices on application. French and German Charcoal Paper, white or tinted, for High Schools and Evening Schools. Prices on application. PRANG’S SKETCHING PORTFOLIO. This portfolio contains 36 sheets of good sketching paper 6|x 11. It is so arranged as to protect the drawings from rubbing, and may be used as a lap tablet. Price (filled with paper) 75 cts. BLANK DRAWING-BOOKS. SIXTEEN PAGES — TISSUED. These books have been prepared especially for use in connection with the Prang Drawing-Books, and for the preservation of much of the supplementary work suggested by the Manuals. They furnish also an excellent means for preserving the drawings which many teachers require to be made by pupils studying Geogra- phic Natural History, Physiology, Physics, Chemistry, etc. The paper in these books has a slightly gra\ T ish tint, a rough surface for either pencil or pen work, and is admirably adapted to elementary Object Drawing and Design, and to elementary Con- structive Drawing with instruments. For freehand work with a medium pencil it would be difficult to find a more satisfactory paper. No. I. 6 1-2x81-2 inches . .75 per dozen, No. II. 9 1-2 x 10 “ . 1.00 “ No. III. 101-2x12 1-2 “ 1.50 “ No. IV. 111-2x13 3-4 “ 2.25 PRANG'S EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS. 31 PRANG’S DRAWING PENCILS. Prang’s American Graphite Drawing Pencils have been particu- larly designed for drawing purposes by the publishers, and are manu- factured exclusively for them, from American Graphite, by^the Joseph Dixon Crucible Company, of Jersey City, N. J. One of the fundamental features in the study of Drawing is the development of skill and boldness in free-hand work. To secure the proper result in this feature, among children, a pencil is required of the utmost uniformity, and one graded for the purposes desired. A pencil of too hard a grade, or one that is filled with gritty substance, will defeat the best possible instruction ; for the hard pencil cuts into the paper and obstructs the free movement of the hand, while a gritty pencil breaks the movement entirely. Good free-hand work can be developed only by the use of such pencils as will glide over the sur- face of the paper and readily yield a line of varying strength, as the touch may be light or heavy. For use in primary schools, Pkano’s M. Pencil is recommended. In the manufacture of these pencils the greatest care has been taken to have the leads uniform, and free from gritty substances, and they have been graded with special reference to the work required of children. Prang’s School Pencils, Satin Finish, Round, 3 Grades. No. 1201. M (medium) \ No. 1202. H (hard) C per gross .$3.00 No. 1203. SM (soft medium) ) PRANG’S ERASERS. These Erasers are of convenient size and shape for school use, and are an excellent quality of rubber. The} 7 are manufactured 120 to the pound. Price $1.20 per lb. SCHOOL SQUARES. These Squares consist of ruler, scale and protractor combined. They are accurately made of heavy cardboard in three sizes, and are suitable for Grammar School work. No. 1. Seven inch side, . . . „ . . $1.20 per doz. No. 2. Six “ “ ..... .96 “ “ No. 3. Five “ “ ...... .60 «_««; 32 P RANG'S EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS. RULERS. These Rulers are of wood, twelve inches long, and neatly finished. Their cost varies with the finish, and the mathematical accuracy of manufacture. 36 to 96 cents per dozen. Six-inch measures of heavy cardboard, divided into quarters and eighths, 18 cents per dozen. PRANG’S C03IPASSES. Prang’s American Compass is a strong and simple instrument. It has no screws or joints to get out of order, and is specially adapted for use in schools. Each $0.15 Same, with measuring dividers ...... .20 The following cuts show the 20-ceut instrument in its different aspects : — Opened, with dividers in place for use. Opened, with the combination leg reversed, and pencil point in place for use. Closed, with pencil point exposed, ready for use as a lead pencil. Special grades of pencils, about two inches long, and expressly PRANG’S EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS. 33 made by the Joseph Dixon Crucible Company to fit the compasses, can be furnished at $1.50 per gross. Blackboard Compasses each, $2.00 DRAWING INSTRUMENTS FOR HIGH SCHOOLS AND EVENING SCHOOLS. Set No. 1. Finely plated 5J inch dividers ; fixed needle point ; patent pencil point for leads ; steel wrench ; metallic box, contain ing extra leads. Price $1.00 Set No. 2. Finely finished German silver 5J inch dividers ; fixed needle point ; pencil point for holding leads. Price $1.50 Set No. 3. Same as Set No. 2 in point of quality and finish, with the addition of pen attachment. Price $2.50 The above set, furnished in morocco case, with the addition of thumb attachment to the dividers and ivory handle ruling pens. Price $3.75 Set No. 4. Extra fine quality German silver dividers, 5J inches, with thumb handle for turning ; pen point ; pencil point ; needle point, and lengthening bar, with wrench, and box containing extra leads. This set of instruments is used by the Boston Evening Schools. Price $5.00 Case No. 201. Containing Riefler’s Patent German Silver In- struments. Recommended and used by Harvard University. 5^ 34 PRANG'S EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS. inch dividers, with pen, pencil, needle points, and lengthening bar, with milled edge to use as handle for ruling pens ; ruling pen 5J inches, with ebony handle ; box containing extra leads. Price $9.50 SCISSORS. Scissors are needed wherever exercises involving paper-cutting become a part of the public school work. Strong iron scissors, either blunt or sharp pointed, are usually best for Primary work. Steel scissors can be supplied at prices proportionate to their qualit}^. Good Iron Scissors $0.75 per dozen. Sample pair by mail .10. Steel Scissors 1.80 to 3.00 per dozen. Special discounts will be allowed to schools from the above rates. COLORED PAPERS. Prang’s Standard Colored Papers are designed for the purpose of carrying out in public schools the elementary features of the Prang Course of Instruction in Color, and are prepared in strict conformity to Prang’s Color Standards. They therefore differ widely in their character from the colored papers made for merely commeicial uses. The Standards of Color presented have been adopted after long study of the theory of Color and wide experience in the actual use of Pigments, as well as after conference with leading artists and color, ists in this country and abroad. Each Normal Color is supplemented, on the one side by two tints making a gradual approach toward the light, and on the other side by two shades approaching the dark, thus producing a scale of five tones for each color. Each Normal, Tint, and Shade has been considered, not merely in itself, but also in its relations to the monochrome scale of which it is a part, and to the corresponding scales of other Colors. Prang's Colored Papers have been prepared ivilh pigments abso- lutely free from arsenic. Ninety-seven Colored Papers are now ready (April, 1892). Others are in preparation. The colors now in use comprise five tones (the PRANG'S EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS. 35 normal tone, two tints and two shades) oi each of the following, except as specially noted : — STANDARD Red (R), Red Red-Orange* (R RO), Red-Orange (HO), Orange Red-Orange * (O RO), Orange (0), Orange Yellow-Orange * (O YO), Yellow-Orange (YO), Yellow Yellow-Orange* (YYO), Yellow (Y), Yellow Yellow-Green* (YYG), Yellow-Green (YG), Green Yellow-Green* (GYG), COLORS. Green (G), Green Blue-Green* (GBG), Blue-Green (BG), Blue Blue-Green* (B BG), Blue (B), Blue Blue-Yiolet* (B BV), Blue-Violet (BY), Violet Blue-Violet* (V BV), Violet (V), Violet Red-Violet* (VRV), Red-Violet (RV), Red Red-Violet* (RRV). Neutral Gray (Gy), Green-Gray or Olive (G Gy), Red-Gray or Russet (R Gy), Blue-Gray or Slate (B Gy), Orange-Gr.vy or Brown (0 Gy), Violet-Gray or Heliotrope (V Gy). Yellow -Gray or Citrine (Y Gy), These papers are manufactured in full sheets, 24 x 28, and may be had in this size as well as in packages of smaller sheets, as specified in the price-list following. Regular packages of the small sheets contain in each case only one tone of one color. Special assortments can be furnished only at special prices. Liberal discounts to schools and to the trade are allowed on all Prang's Color Materials. Package, 50 sheets, 6x9, one color only in package . . $0.30 “ 100 5x5, “ “ “ “ . . .30 “ 100 “ 4x4, “ “ “ . .20 “ 100 strips, i x 9, “ “ “ “ . .05 “ 100 “ 1x9, “ “ “ “ . . .05 Special rates for packages made to order. Loose, 24 x 28, per quire, assorted as desired .... 1.50 “ “ single sheet 10 Sample colors by mail 10 Supplied at present in normal tone only. 36 PRANG’S EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS. PRANG’S PRISMATIC SPECTRUM WITH THE FRAUNHOFER LINES. This chart shows the prismatic spectrum as a flowing band of color thirty-six inches long. The space-values of the colors forming this band are apportioned according to the measurements of Prof. Ogden N. Rood, of Columbia College. Mounted on heavy cardboard, 10 x 45 inches. Price $1.00 PRANG’S STANDARD COLOR CHARTS. The first of a series of Color Charts for school use has been prepared showing the normal tone of the twelve Standard Colors, R, RO, O, YO, Y, YG, G, BG, B, BY, Y, RY. Chart No. 1 is 10J X 28 inches in size, with a cover to pro- tect the colors from light and dust when not in use. Price, each $0.75 “ same in miniature , per dozen ...... .25 PRANG’S STANDARD COLOR TABLETS. (ASSORTMENT B.) These tablets are arranged in boxed sets for individual pupils in primary grades. The colors are strictly non- arsenical. Each box contains : — 12 oblongs 2 x | in., one each of the twelve normal spectrum colors shown on Color Chart No. 1. 30 one-inch circles, 5 each of Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Violet, with the normal tone on one side and a tint on the reverse. 30 one-inch squares, 5 each of Red, Yellow, Blue, Orange, Green, Violet, with the normal tone on one side and a tint on the reverse. Price, 10 cts. per box. KINDERGARTEN PAPERS. Prang’s Standard Colored Papers are being made up* in the various special shapes and sizes required in regular Kindergarten work. Particulars given on application. April, 1892. PRANG’S EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS. 37 PRANG’S WATER COLORS. FOR CHILDREN AND FOR SCHOOLS. These colors are made in Germany, by Mr. Gunther Wagner, the leading manufacturer of Fine Water Colors in Europe, and they have been especially prepared for the American market by Mr. Wagner, under the direction of Mr. Prang. NON-POISONOUS COLORS. There has long been desired a line of Children’s Colors, con- forming as closely as possible to the standards of the leading colors, and which should, at the same time, be entirely non-poisonous, as children are apt to put the colors of the brushes in their mouths. All children delight in the use of colors ; and, as the appreciation of art work grows among our people, it is becoming more and more apparent that children, in their youngest years, and even to play with, should have reliable colors, in order that their color taste be not misdirected. In preparing these colors, the point of first importance with each grade was the quality of the colors, not the price. Good colors re- quire pure pigments, and great knowledge and skill in their prepara- tion. Very showy but wholly unreliable colors can be made very cheaply, when little attention is paid to quality. The making of good, reliable colors is therefore very largely a matter of honor with the manufacturer. In putting these Colors on the market the publishers do not offer them in any sense in competition with the ordinarp cheap colors ; rather, they offer them as a line of Superior Colors at reasonable prices ; and it is upon their reliable and standard qualities, and the attractive and convenient manner in which they are put up, that they intend to rely for their indorsement by the public. There are two qualities of these Children’s Colors, — the Palette Colors, the lowest quality, with palette design ; and the Eagle Colors, a better quality, with Eagle design. 38 PRANG'S EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS. PRANG’S PALETTE COLORS. These colors are put up on beautiful tin palettes, with a fine camel’s-hair brush on each palette. Palette A, — containing six colors, with brush .... $0.10 Palette B, — containing nine colors, with brush . . . .15 PRANG'S EAGLE COLORS. These colors will be a delight to the children. They are put up in durable and very handsomely decorated tin boxes. Each box contains a fine camel’s hair brush, with directions for mix- ing colors to produce other colors, hues, and tones. Box No. 2, — containing eight colors and brush ..... $0.25 Box No. 4, — containing twelve colors and two brushes .35 PRANG’S FINE WATER COLORS. FOR HIGH SCHOOLS AND AMATEUR WORK. These Colors are intended for serious educational work, and not for children ; hence some of the Colors cannot be produced of the proper quality without using poisonous ingredients. In this respect, however, these colors are no more objectionable than the well-known Rembrandt and Murillo Colors. In strength and purity of color, in freeness in flowing and in mixing, these colors are unrivalled by any other Box colo s in the market. The whole get-up of these Colors and Boxes is very attractive. No such Boxes of Colors have been seen before. Each box contains two fine camel’s-hair brushes, with directions for mixing Colors to produce other Colors, hues, and tones. Box No. 13, — containing twelve colors and two brushes . . . $0.75 COLOR CHART. FOR THE PRIMARY EDUCATION OF THE COLOR SENSE. By Dr. Hugo Magnus, Docent in Ophthalmology in the Univer- sity of Breslau, and Dr. B. Joy Jeffries, A. M., M. D. This Chart contains the following standard colors : Brown, Crimson, Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Violet, Gray, with four shades to each color in addition. Two cards for each color are furnished for the use of pupils. The Chart is accompanied by a Manual for teachers, in which its practical use in the school-room is fully explained. Price of Chart, Cards, and Manual . $5.00 PRANG'S EDUCATIONAL PUBLICATIONS. 39 PRANG’S PROGRESSIVE STUDIES IN WATER COLOR PAINTING. ILLUSTRATED BY W. S. ROBINSON. Part 1 . Elementary. Four plates comprising seven studies of sky effects and rock foreground.' Price in portfolio . . $1.50 Part 2. Advanced Studies. Six plates of marine and land- scapes, size 15 x 10J. Price in portfolio 4.50 With full directions for painting. These studies have been made and arranged to aid in the gradual development of intelligent skill in water-color painting. They begin with elementary work in sky washes and cloud effects, and progress through simple landscape and marine sketches to complete pictorial composition. ON THE USE OF WATER COLORS FOR BEGINNERS. BY ROSS TURNER. The desire of the author to supply the want of printed instructions on the new or broad style of water-color painting has induced him to lay down in this work the result of his experience as an artist and a successful teacher. Large quarto, illustrated by wood cuts in the text, and six colored plates, exact reproductions of water-color studies in still life, land- scape and flower painting, each of the three subjects being shown in the first washes, and as a complete study. Price, $3.00. PRANG’S OUTLINE PICTURES, WITH DIRECTIONS FOR COLORING. No. 1. Children (Single Figures;. No. 6. Children at Work. “ 2. Children (^Groups). “ 7. Children at Play. “ 3. Flowers. “ 8. Kind Children. “ 4. Children. “ 9. Figures from Mother “ 5. Farm Scenes. Goose. Others in course of preparation. Price per portfolio 25 cents. 40 PRANG’S EDUCATIONAL PUBLICATIONS. PRANG’S FINE ART STUDIES FOR WATER COLOR AND OIL PAINTING. These embrace a large variety of subjects — Flowers, Land- scapes, Marines, Figures, Animals, Fruit and Still Life — carefully reproduced in fac-simile of originals by leading artists. Among the artists ~whose works have been reproduced for this collection, are : — Foss Turner, Elizabeth F. Parker, Martha Silsbee, Jean Robie, Rivoire, Emily T. Fisher, Annie C. Nowell, George C. Lamb din, Frieda Voelter Redmond, Matilda Brown, Louis K. Harlow, J. Mazzanovich, Fidelia Bridges, C. H. McCord, A. T. Bricher, Thomas Moran, J. F. Murphy, Fortuny, Lizbeth B. Humphrey, A. M. Turner, Jennie Brownscombe, Alexander Pope, Thaddeus Welch, F. W. Rogers, II. Giacomelli, F. S. Church, J. Pauline Sunter, Maud Humphrey, Ida Waugh, and many others. Special illustrated Catalogue of Fine Art Studies mailed on receipt of 10 cents. PRANG'S EDUCATIONAL PUBLICATIONS. 11 PRANG’S Aids For Object Teaching. Prang’s Natural History Series. FOR SCHOOLS AND FAMILIES. ANIMALS AND PLANTS REPRESENTED IN THEIR NATURAL COLORS AND ARRANGED FOR INSTRUCTION WITH OBJECT LESSONS. By N. A. CALKINS, Superintendent of Primary Schools, New York City, and Professor of Methods and Principles of Teaching in Saturday Normal School, Author of “ Primary Object Lessons.” SECOND EDITION, REVISED AND IMPROVED. Prang’s Natural History Series has been devised with a view to training children to observe nature. In the new system of educa- tion, which is now being introduced, the study of Natural History is destined to play a very important part. If carried on rightly, it is calculated more than any other study to call into activity the child’s powers of comparison and of observation ; and as it deals with objects which naturally interest a child, and for which he has an innate fondness, it will add zest to school-life, and will relieve it of much of the tedium usually attached to it. In the hands of a competent and live teacher, it may be made a source of real enjoy- ment to both teacher and pupil. Unfortunately, however, the means necessary to a practical and vivifying study of Nature in the common schools have thus far been wanting:. Although zealous teachers will here and there make it possible, by personal sacrifice and extra exertion, to exhibit stuffed or even living specimens of animals to their classes now and then, these isolated instances are still insufficient for the purpose. While 42 PRANG'S EDUCATIONAL PUBLICATIONS. offering limited opportunity for observing , they offer no opportunity for comparison. To make this possible, each teacher would have to be put in possession of a costly cabinet, which would enable him to exhibit series of sjiecimens to his scholars simultaneously, — series exhibiting resemblances as well as differences, which alone can lead to comparison. In Botany, the aim is more easily reached ; but even in this department it is frequently difficult to make up a connected series. Prang’s Natural History Series is intended to supply this want. Although it is not pretended that the pictures of which it is composed are fully as good as the stuffed or living specimens, yet it is claimed that they are the next 'best to them; and they have been so arranged that each set by itself, and all of them together, will lead the child to observe and to compare resemblances as well as differences. Take, for instance, two orders of birds, — the Swimming Birds and the Wading Birds. The Series provides the teacher with a large picture of each of these Orders, to serve as a type, and with twelve smaller cards of each, to be used for comparison. With this mate- rial, he can lead the scholars to observe that the characteristics of the duck are its thick body, its webbed feet, and its peculiarly built beak. He can then, by putting into their hands the twelve smaller cards, lead them to compare these with the type on the larger pic- ture, and they will soon obsei've for themselves that the principal characteristics which are found in the duck are also found in the twelve other animals. If the teacher will now put before them the type of the Wading Birds, the children cannot fail immediately to recognize the great difference between the build of this bird and that of the duck ; and when they have examined the twelve smaller rep- resentations of Wading Birds, — all of them similar to each other, and all of them differing in the same particulars from the Swimming Birds, — the idea of classification will of itself be suggested to their minds, and will remain firmly impressed there. It is claimed that a few lessons of this kind, which the teacher can make still more effi- cient by bringing into his class such stuffed specimens as may be at his command, will give the children more knowledge of natural objects, and will strengthen their powers of observation and compar- ison, and therefore of thought, to a greater degree than the reading of a number of books on the subject, and the memorizing of classifi- cations and of terms. PRANG'S EDUCATIONAL PUBLICATIONS. 43 It is not claimed that the children can be made scientific natural- ists by the use of these cards ; that will be an impossibility in the Public Schools under any circumstances. But it is claimed that children will acquire a more scientific method of observing nature by their use than the study of books can possibly give ; and that a child, after a thorough course of instruction with these cards, and accord- ing to the system laid down by Prof. Calkins, will be admirably well prepared to enter upon a thoroughly scientific study of the subject, or indeed of any other subject, as the powers of observation and comparison acquired wdll avail in any other department. Books communicate the results of study, while this Series teaches the scholar how to study. At the same time, of course, the use of these cards, in the hands of an efficient teacher, cannot fail to provide the scholar with a great many valuable facts. To aid the teacher in this respect, the cards are accompanied by a “Manual.” This “Manual” is strictly in- tended for the teacher only , to provide him with points, and must not be put into the hands of the scholars. The material offered to the teacher by Prang’s Natural History Series consists of the following : — ZOOLOGY. -Birds. Swimming Birds, with the Wild Duck on a large plate, and 12 smaller cards. Wading Birds, with the Great Blue Heron on a large plate, and 12 smaller cards. Birds of Prey, with the Golden Eagle on a large plate, and 12 smaller cards, embracing the Falcon, Vulture, and Owl families. Gallinaceous Birds and Pigeons, with the Wild Turkey on a large plate, and 12 smaller cards. ZOOLOGY. — Quadrupeds. Cat Family, with the Domestic Cat on a large plate, and 12 smaller cards. Weasel Family, with the Ermine (or Stoat) on a large plate, and 12 smaller cards. Squirrel Family, with the Gray Squirrel on a large plate, and 12 smaller cards. Hollow-Horned Ruminants, with the Cow on a large plate, and 12 smaller cards. Solid-Horned and Hornless Ruminants, with the American Elk on a large plate, and 12 smaller cards. BOTANY. Shapes of Roots, 12 smaller cards, illustrating the leading shapes of roots. Shapes of Leaves I, and Shapes of Leaves II, — two sets of 12 smaller cards,, each representing the leading shapes of leaves ; and two large plates, illus- trating the parts of leaves, venation, etc. Shapes of Flowers, 12 smaller cards, representing the leading shapes of flowers. (These four sets are intended to be preparatory, and to teach the most necessary expres- sions of botanical terminology.) 44 PRANG'S EDUCATIONAL PUBLICATIONS. Lily Family, with the Superb Lily on a large plate, and 12 smaller cards. Two representatives of the Water Lily Family are introduced to show the difference. Pink Family, with the China Pink on a large plate, and 12 smaller cards. Rose Family, with the Damask Rose on a large plate, and 12 smaller cards. Poisonous Plants I, and Poisonous Plants II, — two sets of 12 smaller cards, each representing the most common and most dangerous poisonous plants found in the United States, a knowledge of which is necessary to children to save them from harm. Each large plate measures 11 x 14. The smaller ones are of the size of Album CapUu'THifr set of 12 cards put up in an envelope. They ap^ymHm to ^stout dark paper holders, to keep them from being soiled b}' the children. One word as to how many pictures will be needed : — For the Family, also for Schools with less than twenty pupils in each class : One each of the large pictures ; also One of each set of the small pictures. For Schools with classes which average twenty-five or thirty pupils each, a school will require One each of the large pictures, also Two of each set of the small ones. For Schools with classes which average more than forty pupils each : One each of the large pictures, also Three of each set of the small ones. PRICES. Small Pictures, per envelope (12 pictures) in holders 40 cts. Large Plates, each 25 “ Manual (separately) 50 “ Those buying the complete “ Series ” are provided with the “ Manual ” gratis. SUPPLEMENT TO Prang’s Natural History Series. As numerous teachers have expressed a desire to possess a greater number of the large plates, we have published thirty-six additional pictures, of which a list is given below. These pictures, although auxiliary to, are not necessarily a part of the Series, and can therefore be dispensed with. The range and the utility of the Series will, however, be measurably increased by these additions. PRANG’S EDUCATIONAL PUBLICATIONS . 45 MAMMALIA. Quadrumana (Monkeys) : Mandrill. * Carnivora . Cat Family : Canada Lynx, American Panther. Weasel Family : Common Skunk. Dog Family : Domestic Dogs (Newfoundland, Fox-hound, Greyhound, Bull-dog, Spaniel, Scotch Terrier, Poodle), Gray Wolf. Seal Family : Common Harbor Seal. Eared Seal Family: Sea Lion. Rodents. Rat Family : Jumping Mouse, Whitefooted Mouse, Meadow Mouse, Brown Rat. Squirrel Family : Woodchuck. Porcupine Family : North American Hare Family : Gray Rabbit. Hoofed Quadrupeds. Hollow-Horned Ruminants: Domestic Sheep, Rocky Mountain Goat. Solid-Horned Ruminants : Moose. Non-Ruminants: Horses (Race-horse, Cart-horse, Pony); Thick-skinned Quadrupeds : Asiatic Elephant, Domestic Pig, Indian Rhinoceros. Cheiroptera (Bats) : Red Bat, Little Brown Bat. i * BIRDS. Passeres (Perching Birds) : Robin, ChestnuLsided Warbler, Yellow Warbler, Scarlet Tanager, Snow-Bird, Snow-Bunting, Song-Sparrow, Chipping Sparrow, White-throated Sparrow, Fox-colored Sparrow, Rose-breasted Grosbeak, Bobolink or Rice-Bird, Red-winged Blackbird, King-bird, Great-crested Flycatcher, Pewee Flycatcher or Phoebe. Picarice (Screeching Birds) : Night-hawk, Whip-poor-will, Yellow-billed Cuckoo,.. Red-headed Woodpecker, Downy Woodpecker. Raptores (Birds of Prey) : Great-horned Owl. Gallince (Gallinaceous Birds) : Prairie-hen, Quail or Bob-white. Grallatores (Wading Birds) : Wilson’s Snipe, American Woodcock. PRICE. Each Plate . $0.25. 46 PRANG'S EDUCATIONAL PUBLICATIONS. Prang’s Trades and Occupations. These plates are intended for the use of Teachers in Primary Schools. Similar pictures are in use in the schools of Germany, France, Switzerland, and other European countries, where they have been found of great value in holding the attention and awakening the intellect of the smallest children. They are also well fitted to serve as an inexpensive and practical decoration of the schoolroom. Additional pictures will be, issued from time to time, as the demand may warrant. / Plate 1. — Carpenter. “ 2. — Shoemaker. “ 3. — Tailor. “ 4. — Blacksmith. “ 5. — Lithographer. “ 6. — The Kitchen. Plate 7. — Gardening. “ 8. — The Farm-Yard. “ 9. — Haymaking. “ 10. — Baker. “ 11. — Tinsmith. “ 12. — Printer. These plates are printed in colors. — Size of each plate, 22 x 14. PRICE. Twelve Plates, with Manual by Prof. N. A. Calkins . . $5.00 Single Plates 50 Price of the Manual separate .25 Aids for Teaching History. Prang’s War Pictures are a series of Aquarelle Facsimile Prints, after masterty original paintings by famous American artists. Each of these pictures illustrates a memorable and dramatic epi- sode of the War of the Union. The complete series, therefore, repre- sents a pictorial history of the War. It consists of eighteen pictures, divided into three sets of six each, comprising six land battles, East- ern division ; six land battles, Western division ; and six naval battles. LAND BATTLES. After T. De Thulstrup. Eastern Division. 1 . Sheridan’s First Charge at Winchester. 2. Battle of Fredericksburg. 3. Sheridan’s Ride. 4. Battle of Gettysburg. 5. Battle of Antietam. 6. Battle of Spottsylvania. 47 PRANG'S EDUCATIONAL PUBLICATIONS. Western Division. 7. 8 . 9. 10 . 11 . 12 . Battle of Chattanooga. Battle of Kenesaw Mountain. Allatoona Pass, or “ Hold the Fort.” Siege of Atlanta. Siege of Vicksburg. Battle of Shiloh. NAVAL BATTLES. After J. O. Davidson. 13. Capture of New Orleans. 14. Monitor and Merriraac. 15. Battle of Mobile Bay. 16. Kearsage and Alabama. 17. Battle of Port Hudson. 18. Capture of Fort Fisher. These pictures are of uniform size, 15 x 21 J inches, executed in all the colors and with all the spirit of the originals. All copies are furnished on heavy cardboard mounts with engraved titles, making the pictures suitable for framing or for portfolios. Size of mounts, 22 x 28. Price, per copy $2.00 Examples for Drawing. 4 > INDUSTRIAL DRAWING COPIES for Mechanics and Students in Industrial Evening Schools. Prepared by James E. Stone. 24 large folio plates. Isometric Projections. Plate 1. Angular Bodies. “ 2. Curved Surfaces and Bodies. Carpentry. Plate 1. Framing. “ 2. Framing for Front and Side Elevation. “ 3. Framing. “ 4. Details of Framing. “ 5. Details of Framing. “ 6. Details of Roof. “ 7. Details of a Door. “ 8. Joints. 48 PRANG'S EDUCATIONAL PUBLICATIONS. Machinery. Plate 1. Screws, Bolts, and Nuts. “ 2. Theory of Screws and Tops of Bolt-Heads. “ 3. Stub End. “ 4. Pillow-Block. “ 5. Eccentric and Shaft and Eccentric Strap. “ 6. Wrench. “ 7. Vise. “ 8. Faucet and Hand Punch. “ 9. Spur Gear. “ 10. Approximate Method of drawing Spur Gear. “ 11. Bevel Gear. “ 12. Plan of Steam-Engine. “ 13. Elevation of Steam-Engine. “ 14. Details of Steam-Engine. Price per set, unmounted, 86.00: mounted on pasteboard, .$15.00. “ per plate, 0.35; “ “ “ 0.75. MACHINERY DRAWING. Examples for Advanced Study in Machinery Drawing. Prepared by Otto Fuchs, Instructor in Machine Drawing- in the Massachusetts State Normal Art School. 10 large folio plates. Plate 1. “ 2 . “ 3. “ 4. “ 5. “ 6. “ 7. “ 8 . “ 9. “ 10 . Locomotive Engine. Elevation. Marine “ “ “ Section. Hoisting “ Plan and Elevation. Portable “ Elevation. Stationary “ Plan and Elevation. Marine Boiler. Elevation and Section. Steam Pump. “ “ “ Engine Lathe. “ “ Planer. “ “ “ Price per set, unmounted, $5.00; mounted on pasteboard, 810.00. “ “ plate, “ 0.50; “ “ “ 1.00. BUILDING CONSTRUCTION. Examples for the Practical Study of Building Construction. A series of working drawings, in four parts of twelve plates each, illustrating the various details in the construc- tion of a house, with alternatives for a building of wood, brick, or stone. Prepared by William R. Ware, Professor of Architecture at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and at the Massachusetts Normal Art School. 48 quarto pages. Part I. Plans, Elevations, and Outside Finish of a Wooden House. 12 plates. “ II. Framing Drawings of a Wooden House. Plans, Elevations, and Details. 12 plates. PRANG’S EDUCATIONAL PUBLICATIONS. 49 Part III. Inside Finish of a Wooden House. Full-size and Scale Drawings. 12 plates. “ IY. Alternative Designs for a Small House. Elevations and Details for Wood, Brick, and Stone. 12 plates. Price per set, unmounted, $2.00; mounted on pasteboard, $12.00. “ per part, “ 1.00; “ “ “ 5.00. LESSONS IN PENCIL DRAWING FROM NATURE. By W. N. Bar- tholomew. Under this title have been published two parts (a third part to follow), of twelve plates each, of studies of bits of outdoor work, beginning with very simple objects, and gradually going to more difficult compositions, as a preliminary practice to drawing from nature itself. The great obstacle in the way of the beginner, in attempting to draw from nature, is that he finds few things there which admit of a literal representation. To remove this obstacle, the proper thing to do, is to make a careful study of the means which others have used in repre- senting this class of objects, and by practice to become familiar with the means they have employed. Then, when he goes to nature, he will, in some measure, be prepared to give expression to what he sees. Full instruction and many useful general hints, are given with the plates. Price of each part, 75 cents. Prang’s Sketching Portfolio can be used as a lap-tablet. It contains 36 sheets of sketching paper, 6£ by 11 inches, the size of the above studies. The portfolio is so arranged that the drawings will be always protected from rubbing, while in the portfolio. Price, 75 cents. STUDIES IN COMPOSITION AND COLOR. By Louis K. Harlow. Six plates (landscapes) with full directions for painting. In portfolio. Price, $3.00. Louis K. Harlow is one of the most popular landscape painters of the day. He owes this popularity principally to the picturesque composi- tion of his subjects, and their harmonious coloring. It is therefore hoped that these studies, accompanied by his own directions and expla- nations of their composition, will be welcomed by art students. OUTLINE STUDIES. Examples illustrating the Principles and Method to be observed in drawing Models and Objects boldly in Outline. 5 half- imperial plates. No. 1 . A Group of Models. 2. Drawing from the Cast : The Madeleine Scroll. 50 PRANG'S EDUCATIONAL PUBLICATIONS. No. 3. Animal Form from the Cast. 4. The Human Figure from the Antique. 5. Foliage from Nature. Price per set, unmounted, $1.00; mounted on pasteboard, $4.50. “ per plate, “ .25; “ “ “ 1.00. CRAYON DRAWING. Examples illustrating the Method of Drawing with Crayon in Light and Shade. Prepared by Miss Mary Carter, In- structor in Drawing and Painting in the Massachusetts Normal Art School. These exercises illustrate not only work with the point, as a medium for executing drawings, but other subjects of instruction as w r ell, such as Historical Ornament and Human and Animal Form. 8 half-imperial plates. No. 1. Sheet of Details, illustrating the method of rendering light and shade. 2. Group of Models. Shaded. 3. Antique Yase, Stages 1 and 2. 4. “ “ “ 3 and 4. 5. Gothic Cap from Stone Church, London. Shaded 6. Foliage from Nature : Calla Lily. 7. Animal Form from Cast : Landseer’s Lion. 8. From the Antique : Head of Venus of Milo. “ Price per set, unmounted, $2.00; mounted on pasteboard, $9.00. “ per plate, “ .50; “ “ “ 1.25. LANDSCAPE STUDIES IN SEPIA. Prepared by Henry Hitchings, Supervisor of Drawing in the Boston Public Schools. These studies comprise a series of elementary progressive studies in landscape painting, with the use of the brush in sepia. The series consists of ten half-imperial plates, in two parts, illustrating Landscape Details and general Composition. Part I. — LANDSCAPE DETAILS. 1. Ash Foliage. Stems and Branches. 2. Oak “ “ “ “ 3. Fir “ “ “ 4. Foreground Details. Grass, Plants, etc. 5. Buildings, Still Water, Sky, Rocks, etc. Part II. — COMPOSITION. 1. Sketch from Nature. 2 . “ 3. “ 4. “ “ “ 5. “ “ Price per set, unmounted, $5.00 ; “ per plate, “ .75 ; Sunlight : First Stage, First Tint. “ Second Stage, Second Tint. “ Third Stage, Completed. Gray Daylight. Twilight. mounted on pasteboard, $10.00. “ “ “ 1.50. PRANG’S EDUCATIONAL PUBLICATIONS. 51 PLANT FORMS ORNAMENTALLY TREATED. Exhibiting a num- ber of plants in their natural colors, with an analysis of their parts, and their application to conventionalized ornament. Designed by Miss Grace Carter, of the South Kensington Art School, London, and prepared under the superintendence of Prof. Walter Smith. 10 folio plates : — No. 1. Dogtooth Violet. 2. Common Violet. 3. Cherry Blossom. 4. Trailing Arbutus. 5. Peach Blossom. 6. Lily of the Valley. 7. Honeysuckle. 8. Strawberry. 9. Apple Blossom. 10. Sweetbrier. Price per set, unmounted, $5.00; mounted on pasteboard, $10.00. “ per plate, .75; “ “ “ 1.50. PARALLELS OF HISTORICAL ORNAMENT. A Selection of Promi- nent and Characteristic Examples in the Different Styles, arranged so as to present, both in form and color, a Comparative Yiew of their Principal Features. Prepared by Karl F. Heinzex, under the super- intendence of William K. Ware, Professor of Architecture at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and at the Massachusetts State Normal Art School. 10 folio plates: — No. 1. Egyptian Style. 2. Assyrian and Persian Styles. 3. Greek Styles. 4. Homan Style. 5. Byzantine and Romanesque Styles. 6. Moresque and Arabian Styles. 7. Gothic vStyles, No. 1. 8. Gothic Styles, No. 2. 9. Renaissance Style, No. 1. 10. Renaissance Style, No. 2. Price per set of ten, unmounted, $12.50 ; mounted on pasteboard, $17.50. “ per plate, “ 1.50; “ “ “ 2.00. DRAWING COPIES, Containing large examples for Freehand Drawing in High Schools, Evening Classes, and Art Schools. In four parts, each part containing 50 pages, large quarto. Price per set, $2.00 ; each part, 50 cents. For further information in regard to publications and materials or to discounts and terms, Address The Prang Educational Company, 151 Wabash Avenue, Chicago. 646 Washington Street, Boston. 43-47 East Tenth Street, New York. C. W. Bardeen, Syracuse, Agent for Northern New York. Jos. H. Dorety, San Francisco, Agent for the Pacific Coast. ■ : ' : UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS-URBANA