SOUTH AUSTRALIA. 
 
 s 
 
 [No. 102. 
 
 GOVERNMENT 
 
 GEOLOGIST’S REPORT RE VISIT TO 
 FAR NORTH. 
 
 Ordered by the House of Assembly to be printed, August 20 th, 1884. 
 
 [Estimated cost of printing (700), £5 10s. 3d.] 
 
 Government Geologist’s Office, Adelaide, August 15th, 1884. 
 
 Sir—I have the honor to forward herewith the accompanying preliminary report on the route passed 
 over by me during my last two journeys, from 2nd to 27th May, and from 9th June to 5th August, during 
 which time, with the exception of about ten days, when I visited Ironstone Lagoon, some distance to the 
 north-west of Port Augusta, on the Coondambo road, to report on a site for well-boring, I have been 
 engaged in an examination of the geology of the country to the east and west of Farina with the object of 
 eventually constructing a geological and mineralogical map of the whole district. The route of the first 
 journey was from Farina via Witchelina, westward to Medley’s Hill, near the head of Lake Torrens, thence 
 vid Mount Nor’-West and Termination Hill to Leigh’s Creek. That of the second was from the latter place 
 via Mount Coffin and Fink’s Springs to Mount Serle, Umberatana, Yudnamutana, Mount Freeling, Duck- 
 ponds, Petermorra, Parallana, and Wooltana, thence via Bolla Bollana and Mount Lyndhurst to Farina. 
 
 I have, &c., 
 
 HENRY Y. L. BROWN, Government Geologist. 
 
 To the Honorable the Commissioner of Crown Lands and Immigration. 
 
 REPORT ON THE COUNTRY EAST AND WEST OF FARINA. 
 
 Farina. 
 
 Low undulating plains, covered in places with semi-angular quartz and quartzites, with table-hills of 
 desert quartzite, conglomerate and gravel beds resting on quartzites and slates, which are covered in places 
 by tertiary and cretaceous sand and clay deposits. The older rocks are traversed here and there by numerous 
 veins of quartz and iron ore. Eastward of the railway the bed rock dips beneath the plain, re-appearing only 
 at intervals in isolated hills and ridges, trending northwards towards Mundowadna and Hergott Springs; at 
 the latter place a recent bore has proved it to be overlaid by more than 300ft. of cretaceous strata. 
 
 From Farina to Witchelina are wide creek flats and stony downs, with low table-hills and white escarp¬ 
 ments consisting of kaolinized slates and quartzites. The bed rock, namely, quartzose sandstone, with quartz 
 veins, clay, flinty and calcareous slates, with quartz, iron ore veins, and flinty siliceous dykes, are here also 
 often capped with a thin layer of gravel and boulder drift. 
 
 Witchelina. Cleaved and jointed calcareous clay, slates, and flags strike N.N.E.; siliceous limestone 
 and limestone strike N.N.W., dip W. 70°. 
 
 Witchelina well is sunk in calcareous flags, clayslates, and limestones to a depth of 90ft., and yields a 
 large supply of fresh water. 4 
 
 Southward of Witchelina some six miles there are alternating ridgy outcrops of blue limestone, quartzite, 
 and cream-colored oolitic dolomitic marble—a highly ornamental rock. The bearing of these strata varies 
 from N.N.E. and N.W. to E. and W., and they contain veins of flinty quartzite, ironstone, and quartz. 
 
 The rocks of this range are a southerly continuation of those forming the Mount Nor’-West range, which 
 have been alluded to in a previous report. On the western flanks of Mount Nor’-West the strata form low 
 synclinals and anticlinals of quartzose sandstone and quartzite, calcareous grit and sandstone and calcareous 
 slates, flags and limestones, traversed by calc spar and ferro calcite veins. Other portions of the ranges 
 consist of argillaceous, grit and conglomerate, quartose grit, quartzite, kaolinized slates and sandy shales. 
 Ihe conglomerate, besides pebbles of quartz, flint, lydianstone, and siliceous pebbles of all kinds, contains 
 large boulders of quartz rock and quartzite two or three feet in diameter. The plains and wide creek flats 
 bordering the ranges often show outcrops of slaty rocks, with or without quartz or ironstone veins, chiefly 
 of kaolinized slates ; it is probable that much of the soft yellow loamy clay covering these plains is derived 
 from the denudation of these decomposed slates and shales. 
 
 Westward of the range are sandhills, plains, and flats which extend towards Lake Torrens, covering a 
 basin of tertiary and cretaceous rocks with their characteristic scarped table-hills capped with desert quartzite 
 (cellular and solid), flint, chalcedonic quartz, red and striped jaspar and conglomerate, in stalactitic and 
 nodular forms, resting on gypseous clays and marls. 
 
 A boulder and gravel drift often underlies the desert quartzite and sandstone here. 
 
 lermination Hill, 1,400ft. above the sea. A section of the strata shows it to consist of quartzite and 
 calcareous boulder conglomerate (comprising quartzite, quartz rock, cherty flint, granite, porphyry and 
 limestone, many of the boulders being of considerable sizej interstratified with clay slates, limestones and 
 calcareous slates, quartzose sandstones, and kaolinized slates resting on a great thickness of quartzite and 
 quartzose sandstone, often ripple marked. Here there can be seen a remarkable twisting round of the 
 strata, which a little north of Termination Hill trig, changes in strike and bends round at an angle 
 considerably less than a right angle, the turn in the beds being clearly visible from the summit of the hill. 
 
 eins of yellow flint, chert, oolitic limestone, and calcareous quartzite traverse these rocks. Between these 
 ranges and F arina there is a wide plain, in some places showing outcrops of the usual bed rocks, which 
 a tei wards disappear beneath a basin of tertiary sand and clay, which extends down the valley of Leigh’s 
 Creek - Southwards 
 
2 
 
 Southwards towards Myrtle Springs and Leigh’s Creek railway station, the older rocks, where examined, 
 are very similar to those forming the Mount Nor’-West and Termination Ranges, and show similar sudden 
 changes in strike. Tertiary boulder drift with low escarpments, red sand ridges, and gypseous clays occupy 
 the flat country which is generally covered with stones denuded from the low protrusions of bed rock, which 
 appear frequently from beneath the younger deposits. 
 
 Myrtle Springs (Old Station).—Blue massive limestone, flags and calcareous grit and quartzites, occur 
 here, and with calcareous flags, slates and limestone form the bed rock to within a short distance of Leigh’s 
 Creek railway station. 
 
 Cutaway Hills, Leigh’s Creek.—Here beds of flaggy sandstone and quartz conglomerate overlie 
 unconformably clay slates and sandstones with veins of ironstone. Having tried the surface for gold I 
 obtained several specks of that metal; the locality is worth prospecting, as also are several places along the 
 railway line between Leigh’s Creek and Farina. 
 
 Aroona, 1,400 feet above the sea.—The rocks composing this hill and the range generally are a 
 continuation of those to the northward, from Termination Hill and Mount Nor’-West, with the addition of beds 
 of massive red crystalline limestone underlying the quartzite. 
 
 Two miles south-east of Leigh’s Creek railway station there are some old workings from which copper 
 ore has been obtained. Green carbonate exists in small veins, coloring a white argillaceous sandstone, with 
 which reefs of iron ore and siliceous rocks are associated. Greenstone dykes, calc spar, ferro calcite, and 
 quartz veins also occur. 
 
 Leigh's Creek to Mount Coffin Mine. 
 
 Leigh’s Creek (Head Station).—Calcareous flags and slates and limestone form low synclinals in this 
 neighborhood, with quartz and flinty lodes and iron ore. 
 
 Mount Coffin Mine.—Copper ore consisting of oxide, carbonate, &c., interbedded with jointed felds- 
 pathic quartzose claystone, siliceous limestone and calcareous slates, having a bearing of W. 10° N. 
 (magnetic), and dipping 60° to 70° south, with flat leaders of small size, but containing good ore, crossing 
 more or less at right angles to the dip of the strata, has here been worked to a depth of about 100ft.; at present 
 only two miners are engaged in raising ore from the old workings, which might be advantageously prospected 
 at a deeper level. 
 
 Mount Coffin, 1,657 feet above the sea.—Flinty quartzite, partly a veinstone, and micaceous sandstone and 
 quartzite form the hill itself, with cleaved clayslates and kaolinized shales below. Veins of iron ore and 
 flinty ferruginous lodes occur in the neighborhood. An outcrop of old boulder conglomerate is interbedded with 
 the slates in which copper stains are visible for some distance eastward of Mount Coffin. 
 
 Leigh’s Creek Mine.—A deserted mine some three miles east of Mount Coffin. A considerable amount 
 of work has been done here in prospecting and working a lode of calc spar and ferro calcite, traversing 
 calcareous slates and flags and argillaceous sandstone. The mine having been abandoned I had r.o 
 opportunity of inspecting the workings. 
 
 Fink’s Springs are at the outlet of a creek running at right angles to the strike of vertical and highly 
 inclined quartzites and slates, from fissures in which the water issues in a small stream. A deposit of 
 calcareous tufa has been deposited by the water and formed a conglomerate with the pebbles and boulders 
 of the creek. This kind of deposit is found almost invariably in the neighborhood of rock springs in this 
 region, and also at many places where springs do not now exist, having probably become extinct through 
 the closing up of the outlets by the deposit. In such places water is very likely to be obtained by sinking. 
 
 The range immediately to the south of Patsey’s and Fink’s Springs is almost entirely composed of 
 vertical beds of quartzite and sandstone, with alternations of slaty rocks rising to a considerable elevation 
 above the adjoining softer clay and calcareous slate country. 
 
 Mount Serle District. 
 
 Coonapolkina.—About one and half miles east of Stuart’s Waterholes, Messrs. Marsh and Milte have 
 lately discovered, near the junction of the slate and quartzites, a load of rich galena and carbonate of lead, 
 which has a promising appearance as far as prospected about two or three feet below the surface. 
 
 At three or four other localities, between Fink’s Springs and Frome Well, they have also discovered 
 galena and carbonate of lead lodes in the clay and calcareous slaty shale, the lode formation being calc 
 spar and ferro calcite, with sometimes quartz and ferruginous gossan; these lodes also are worth further 
 prospecting. 
 
 The following are assays of the ores procured by myself from these claims, made by Mr. G. Goyder, jun.:— 
 
 Lead. Silver. 
 
 Cerussite or carbonate of lead, from 1§ miles east of Stuart’s water- 
 
 holes gave, per ton. 58'5 per cent. 3 ozs. 9 dwts. 
 
 Galenite or sulphide of lead from the same locality. 65-4 per cent. 1 oz. 3 dwts. 
 
 Galenite from No. 2 claim If miles west of Frome Well . 70 per cent. . 8 ozs. 10 dwts. 
 
 Cerussite from their most westerly claim. 70 per cent. . 7 ozs. 4 dwts. 
 
 In this neighborhood there are several strong lodes of iron ore and flinty quartzite and dolomitic lime¬ 
 stone, running in a north-westerly direction for considerable distances, which, as mentioned in a previous 
 report, are likely to be found to contain metalliferous deposits along some portion of their course. 
 
 Mount Serle, 3,000 feet above the sea.—Noah’s Ark and other hills in this vicinity are not connected with 
 the main ranges ; they are chiefly composed of beds of quartzite and quartzose sandstone, with the usual 
 slaty shale partings underlaid by greenish flaggy slates, generally calcareous. 
 
 The same formation extends over a great portion of the country northwards. 
 
 Arcoona Bluff, 2,850ft. above the sea,—Flaggy quartzites with thin bands of slaty shale underlaid by 
 clay slates and calcareous shales and flaggy limestones. 
 
 At Umberatana.—Clay slates with a little quartz striped limestones and calcareous slates, quartzite and 
 sandstones. 
 
 Near Burt’s Hill trig., four miles east of Umberatana, a change takes places, the rocks becoming more 
 micaceous and crystalline and hornblendic, indicating the presence of igneous dykes not far beneath the 
 surface; there are also frequent changes in the strike of the rocks, which consist of boulder conglomerate, 
 spotted mica schist, crystalline limestone, calcareous slates and shales. 
 
 Yudnamutana and adjoining ranges. 
 
 The higher portions of the mountainous country here is chiefly composed of rough, jagged, peaked hills 
 of quartzite, quartz rock and sandstone, with massive lodes of flinty quartzite, iron ore, and quartz traversing 
 them in various directions, the whole being deeply cut into by creeks and gullies; while the lower parts 
 
 consist 
 
3 
 
 ^ 
 
 consist of calcareous shale, quartzites, limestones, and sandstone, with masses of metamorphic and hornblendic 
 and actinolite rock, greenstone, hornblende and mica schist and also with flinty quartzite, micaceous iron, 
 heematite and limestone lodes. Some of the quartzite rock contains boulders and pebbles of a still older 
 quartzite. The flinty quartzite lodes are stained in many places with green carbonate of copper. 
 
 Gold is worked to a small extent in the alluvial detritus in a gully and creek near the old Yudnamutana 
 mine, two men being employed at the time of my visit. The gold has not been traced far from the steep 
 ground where it originates; it will very likely, however, be found in the main creek lower down where there 
 is an opportunity of sinking in alluvial, free from the boulders, which in these regions fill up the watercourses. 
 
 The copper mines here have been abandoned; to all appearances they have never been prospected to 
 any great extent as regards depth. 
 
 Yudnamutana to Daly and Stanley mines.—Metamorphic clay and micaceous and hornblendic slates, 
 vertical and highly inclined, calcareous flags and slates and limestone, with reefs and veins of quartz and 
 flinty rock, and occasional calcareous veins. 
 
 Daly Bluff is a jagged mass of quartzite and grit conglomerate, stained in part with green carbonate of 
 copper and penetrated by siliceous veins. Outcrops of the same kind are common in the vicinity, forming 
 peaks and serrated ridges of considerable elevation. 
 
 The Daly and Stanley mines have been deserted for some years; they, as well as the Yudnamutana and 
 other mines, were examined some years ago by Professor Ulrich, F.G.S., &c., and described in his valuable 
 report on “ Mines north of Port Augusta.” 
 
 Not far from the Daly mine there is a well defined lode of gossan and rich copper ore, in hornblende 
 rock and siliceous limestone, w'hich has only been prospected to a depth of three or four feet. 
 
 Near the Stanley mine, the clayslate contains, boulders of quartzite, granite, &c., of large size scattered 
 through it. 
 
 Daly Bluff to Freeling Heights.—Alternations of mica slates and schists, pebble granite conglomerate, 
 cherty and ferruginous rocks, pyroxene, hornblende, and actinolite, with dykes of greenstone. 
 
 Freeling Heights, 3,130ft., are quartzite, micaceous quartzite and sandstone, with a few quartz veins. 
 
 Daly Bluff vid Tindelpana Well, Freeling, Duckponds, and Freeling Water to Petermorra.—Clay slates, 
 calcareous slates, limestones and flags, sandstones and boulder conglomerate, are met with in anticlinal and 
 synclinal basins, and long lines of outcrop all along the route. 
 
 Quartz and quartzite lodes of large size, with ferro calcite and calcite and dolomitic limestone; white 
 quartz and ironstone veins are frequent near Tindelpana Well, the Twins, Freeling, Freeling Water, &c. 
 Many of these places, particularly the last named, being favorable localities for gold prospecting. 
 
 At the Duckponds the upturned edges of the bed rock are capped with a layer of the tertiary boulder 
 drift and gravel, which is generally found near where the ranges dip beneath the plains. The deeper parts 
 of this deposit would be likely to contain gold, should it be found to exist in the district. 
 
 Catt’s Springs are on the plain bordering the end of the main range, some three miles westward of 
 Petermorra; they rise through horizontal limestone conglomerate, sandstone and ferruginous sandstone, and 
 would doubtless yield a large supply of water if opened up. 
 
 Petermorra Springs extend for a mile or more along a creek following the boundary of the range and 
 the plain; the water here also rises through horizontal strata similar to those at Catt’s Springs The 
 temperature of one of these proved to be 74° F., while that of ordinary surface water was 54°. A slight taste 
 of sulphuretted hydrogen is perceptible, otherwise the water is fresh enough for any purpose. 
 
 The hills in this locality are of a different formation to those further westward. Granite enclosing 
 pebbles and boulders of granite, syenite, quartzite, quartz, chert and opalline quartz is a common rock; 
 quartzite and quartz rock and white glassy quartz reefs occur in it, and the micaceous granite, gneissic 
 granite mica schist which compose the range. 
 
 Prospect Hill trig.—Quartzite and siliceous pebble conglomerate with quartz veins. 
 
 Gneissic micaceous granite and coarse granite, with large rounded feldspar crystals and half obliterated 
 granite boulders and pebbles with mica schist constitute the bed rock to Mount Babbage, and round the north 
 end of the range. 
 
 Mount Babbage and the hills adjoining it are composed of coarse feldspathic granite, gneissic granite, and 
 micaceous schist, into which are intruded dykes of coarse and fine feldspar and quartz and fine-grained 
 granite, capped by beds of quartzite grit and conglomerate at various levels from that of near the plain, to 
 over 700ft. above it in the case of Mount Babbage itself. This formation overlies the cretaceous clays and 
 marls of the plains, and is probably of the same age as the desert quartzite. 
 
 Twelve Springs are situated on the plain, some four miles north of Mount Babbage at the head of the 
 Yerila Creek. Some are isolated at long distances apart, while as many as twenty may be counted in a 
 space of 100 X 150 yards; the supply is large and the water good. In the case of all these springs and 
 others which belong to the tertiary and cretaceous formation, the supply may be enormously increased and 
 the quality of the water improved by opening them up by sinking wells or bores. 
 
 Northward of Twelve Springs there are several flat-topped hills of desert quartzite and conglomerate 
 capping gypseous clay and marls rising to about 250ft. above the level of the plain, and surrounded by stony 
 downs and vast plains, stretching towards the sandhills and stony deserts of Strzelecki and Cooper’s Creek 
 and Diamentina River. 
 
 Parallana Hill.—Gneissic pink and red metamorphic granite, partially stratified with siliceous lodes and 
 mica schist bands and coarse feldspar veins; dykes and masses of dense greenstone trap, porphyritic syenite, 
 granite with hornblendic feldspathic rocks and epidote. Pieces of copper ore were obtained here in the 
 watercourses. 
 
 Southward the ranges, where examined, expose red and green porphyry, granite, syenite, and greenstone, 
 with pink granulite—the latter being the prevailing rock. 
 
 Mount Adams.—An inlying patch of metamorphic clay slate and sandstones in undulating and con¬ 
 torted beds are imposed between the plain and Mount Adams; greenstone, feldspar, and quartz dykes, and 
 quartzite reefs marking the junction between them and the granite. A boulder containing copper ore was 
 found here lying on the slate rock. 
 
 Parallana Hot Springs lies about three miles from Parallana Head Station in a northerly direction. The 
 water, which has a temperature of 140° F., is evolved in considerable quantities from beneath three or four 
 large boulders of red and yellow jaspery and chalcedonic quartz, which are portions of a lode or reef which 
 crosses the watercourse at that point. The adjoining rocks are yellow and red gneissic granite, syenite, 
 quartzite, and mica schist ; these chalcedonic and jaspery quartz veins have been, partially at any rate, 
 deposited by hot water containing silica in solution. This spring is therefore probably a relic of a series of hot 
 
 springs 
 
4 
 
 springs, which in ancient times played an important part in metamorphising sandstones into quartzites and 
 filling up fissures which are now marked by the numerous siliceous lodes and veins which traverse the rocks 
 so extensively. 
 
 The ranges near Parallana are very steep, precipitous, and rugged, rising to a height of over 3,000ft. 
 above sea level. 
 
 Parallana to Wooltana.—Near the Arkaroola Creek an amygdaloidal, igneous rock, not previously 
 noticed, takes the place of the granite ; it is associated with metamorphic sandstone, dense greenstone trap, 
 hornblendic and serpentinous rocks. Large siliceous reefs, veins of red jasper, quartz, micaceous iron, calc 
 spar, and ferro calcite are common in it; with these promising-looking lodes of copper ore occur. 
 
 Woodloomooka, a copper locality.—Masses of siliceous lodestone running north-easterly with cross 
 veins of the same rock in amygdaloid, alongside which a lode of copper ore has been traced for some distance 
 and prospected by holes from 10ft. to 15ft. deep on a lode formation 3ft. or 4ft. thick, in which rich veins of 
 copper glance have been exposed. At a distance for about two miles northward, several shallow pits have 
 been sunk where there were indications of copper in connection with siliceous dykes radiating in many 
 directions. In one of these, at a depth of 8ft or 1 Oft., in a well-defined lode formation, a vein of rich copper 
 ore is exposed which is worth sinking on. One advantage these localities have, is that they are on the edge 
 of the ranges, and within about half a mile of a main road to Hawker. Altogether the north-eastern portion 
 of the range is a promising one for prospectors, who have here the advantage of operating over a larger area 
 occupied by metamorphic and igneous rocks than elsewhere on this range. 
 
 Asbestus crops out on the surface of the amygdaloid in one or two places, and might be prospected with 
 advantage, as the mineral is of value when found of good quality and in sufficient quantity. 
 
 Eastward to the boundary of New South Wales is a vast tertiary covered plain, the nearest points at 
 which the bed rock comes to the surface as far as at present known, being the Mount Brown and Mount 
 Arrowsmith ranges; the latter being partly composed of an amygdaloidal trap rock similar to that at 
 W ooltana. 
 
 Mount Jacob.—-The base of the range whereof Mount Jacob is the summit, is formed of amygdaloid rock 
 with bands of hard metamorphic sandstone, with quartz veins and calc spar; off this dip beds of limestone, 
 grit, gravel and boulder conglomerate, quartzite, &c. (with limestone, quartz, and ferruginous reefs containing 
 copper ore), crystalline limestone, and conglomerate, massive boulder conglomerate, sandstone, quartzite and 
 shales, and boulder conglomerate. Westward the usual lines of outcrop of the slate and calcareous and 
 quartzose strata, can be seen curving round the hills. The boulders and pebbles which constitute this 
 conglomerate vary in size from small pebbles up to a diameter of four or five feet, the matrix they are 
 embedded in also varies from hard limestone and quartzite to a sandy shale and clay slate. 
 
 In travelling from Wooltana to Bolla Bollana and Umberatana, the strata passed over are continuations 
 and repetitions of those already mentioned from Umberatana via Yudnamutana round the end of the range. 
 Amygdaloidal igneous rocks, conglomerate and claystor.e, clay and calcareous slates, limestone and quartzite 
 sandstone, calcareous slates and siliceous limestone, quartz, quartzite, ferruginous, and calcareous veins and 
 lodes are frequent. This pass through the mountains is very rough, steep and stony in places, the quartzites 
 and massive limestones being tilted up at high angles. 
 
 East and west of Bolla Bollana metamorphic rocks, chloride, micaceous and hornblendic, indicate their 
 presence by the occurrence of boulders in the creeks, as also do greenstone dykes. Betwen this place and 
 Umberatana, the strata from an E. and W. bearing change to N. and N.W., and several large lode outcrops 
 of quartz rock and quartzite occur. 
 
 Umberatana to Mount Lyndhurst Station and Farina.—Kaolinized and undecomposed slates, flags, and 
 limestones with undulating and highly inclined dips, highly cleaved and jointed, the hard flaggy portions of 
 the beds standing up more or less perpendicularly in serrated outcrops, the stratification being marked only 
 by the different colored bands of rock. Belts of quartz, calc spar, ferro calcite, and ironstone reefs occur at 
 intervals, also quartzite lodes ; the country generally being flat and undulating, dipping northwards under the 
 tertiary and cretaceous plains. The surface is covered in many places with quartz detritus. About three 
 miles westward of Lesley’s Well the bed-rock disappears beneath the plains of the Munday Creek, being 
 bounded by low scarpments of tertiary gravel and boulder conglomerate, reappearing, however, within a few 
 miles of Farina, where a belt of quartz reef and ferruginous veins accompany them. 
 
 Hergott Springs also belong to the class of mound springs of the cretaceous formation, which vary 
 little in character and appearance wherever they occur. Here, as noted elsewhere, the water is of various 
 qualities, even in springs a short distance apart; this is most probably caused by the comparatively pure 
 water from the drifts overlying the bed rock absorbing salts of various kinds on its passage through the 
 horizontal strata to the surface; in some cases doubtless where the pressure is considerable it forces its way 
 directly upwards through fissures, while in others it may accumulate and filter slowly through the gypseous 
 and salt-bearing strata, absorbing whatever impurity it comes in contact with. The bore sunk recently near 
 these springs passed some distance into the bed rock before meeting water; an examination of the core 
 shews that the gravel mixed with clay overlying the bed rock must contain too much of the latter to render 
 it pervious to water. The bed rock in which the water was met with contains fissures through which the 
 water from the overlying or adjacent drifts is conducted to the bore. 
 
 Chief localities of metallic minerals alluded to in this report:— 
 
 Gold. 
 
 Yudnamutana and Cutaway Hills, Leigh Creek. 
 
 Copper. 
 
 Leigh Creek, Mount Coffin, Leigh Creek mine, Owieandana, Yudnamutana, Daly and Stanley mines, 
 and neighbourhood, Duckponds, Parabarama, Wooltana and Mount Adams. 
 
 Lead. 
 
 Mount Serle, near Stuart’s Waterholes, and between Mount Serle and Fink’s Springs. 
 
 There are many likely gold localities for prospecting, as follows:— 
 
 In neighborhood of Farina and between that place and Leigh Creek, near Lesley’s Well, 
 Freeling, Freeling Water, near Catt’s Springs, Twins Trig., Mount Serle, Umberatana, Mount 
 Lyndhurst, Fink’s and Patsey’s Springs, &c. 
 
 In prospecting it is advisable to search the softer strata forming the lower ranges, rather than the steep 
 and rocky gorges, as more likely to lead to satisfactory results. 
 
 HENRY Y. L. BROWN, Government Geologist. 
 
 Government Geologist’s Office, Adelaide, August 15th, 1884.