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OH A tenrianent rat ha Dts reuee ote PRU wR mead > rehcctpeanes Aore ah eR AME Por whe wake QR OED ne Bee panes SOUL onG se ena Nr . hd Lied Me pe piers eh Oe cRSITY OF sOlS LIBRARY : SBANA-CHAMPAISS eck Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2021 with funding from University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign https://archive.org/details/annalsofsennacheOOsenn THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO ORIENTAL INSTITUTE PUBLICATIONS Edited By JAMES HENRY BREASTED The ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS CHICAGO, ILLINOIS cee taal THE BAKER & TAYLOR COMPANY New York THE CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS London THE MARUZEN-KABUSHIKI-KAISHA Tokyo, Osaka, Kyoto, Fukuoka, Sendai THE MISSION BOOK COMPANY Shanghai mar Pan er 7 “ vel : ; Oy ayn + es ‘ i < es ona oer alel tan ats Ng wiley Ee THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE PRISM OF SENNACHERIB THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO ORIENTAL INSTITUTE PUBLICATIONS VOLUME II The ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB By DANIEL DAVID LUCKENBILL, Ph.D. Professor of the Semitic Languages and Interatures in The University of Chicago THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS CHICAGO, ILLINOIS a Coryricut 1924 By Tue Universiry or Cuitcaco All Rights Reserved Published August 1924 Composed and Printed By The University of Chicago Press Chicago, Illinois, U.S A IN REMEMBRANCE OF GEORGE SMITH DECIPHERER, EXCAVATOR, AND FIRST EDITOR OF THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB 864934 PREFACE In his Preface the author is, I believe, supposed to justify his infliction of another book upon a long-suffering world, and, having mollified the righteous wrath of his prospective reader, to pay some small tribute to those whose kindly aid and encourage- ment have lightened his labors and made possible the adequate publication of their results. Any student of ancient oriental civilization who has conscientiously endeavored to make the Assyrian sources the basis of Assyrian history need not be told that the text of many of these sources was copied from the originals years before the study of the language had progressed far enough to make them even fairly intelligible; that such translations as have been made from time to time are found scattered through many books and journals; that most of the best translators seem to have had but a vague conception of what the historian expected of them (they were linguists)—in short, that there is a crying need for an up-to-date publication of the Assyrian sources, a publication in which the needs of the historian who is not a specialist in the ancient oriental languages are constantly kept in mind. (If that sentence does not mollify the prospective reader, nothing will.) Therefore, when the University of Chicago through its Oriental Institute came into possession of a splendid six-sided prism contain- ing the final edition of Sennacherib’s royal annals, in almost as perfect condition as when it left the hands of the ancient scribe, it seemed an opportune moment to make available in translation a complete body of Sennacherib’s historical and building texts (these are almost always combined). The fact that many of these documents had already been edited for incorporation into the files of the Assyrian Dictionary was an additional incentive for pushing the work. Professor Olmstead in his penetrating Assyrian Historiography has adequately discussed the nature of the Assyrian historical sources and the royal vanity to which we owe their preservation. He deplored the growing tendency among the historians to use the final Assyrian edition of a given document, which was the result of perhaps a dozen editings during which there was a steady progression from the record of events as they occurred to an idealized account that would please the royal fancy. I have, therefore, arranged the documents chronologically, following in the footsteps of George Smith, the first editor of Sennacherib’s annals, and the one in whose memory this work is sent out. Mr. F. W. Geers, Fellow in the Department of Oriental Languages, and assistant on the Assyrian Dictionary staff, has done me the great service of comparing all the transliterations with the texts and has read the proofs. Professors Price and 1x x PREFACE Maynard have read page proof. If this volume is fairly free from typographical] errors the credit is due these good friends of mine. My colleagues, Professors Breasted and Smith, are hard men to live with. Every time I talk with the latter I come away with the titles of half a dozen articles and three or four books that I want to start writing at once, and every time I rise from a conference with the former I am convinced that the surface of the ancient Orient has hardly been scratched, and I want to be up and digging. In spite of the dilemma they plunge me into, they have my thanks for their unfailing kindness and constant support. The publication of this volume is part of the large program of the Oriental Insti- tute, which owes its auspicious beginning to the generosity of Mr. John D. Rocke- feller, Jr. For a brief statement as to the origin and purpose of the Institute the reader is referred to the Preface (pp. 5ff.) of Breasted’s Oriental Forerunners of Byzantine Painting, which is the first volume in the series of Oriental Institute Publications. TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER I. TT; III. Ey Wak VII. VIII. IX. X. INTRODUCTION. ON CERTAIN PHASES OF ASSYRIAN STATECRAFT THE REIGN OF SENNACHERIB THE SOURCES THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE PRiIsM INSCRIPTION Tue HisrortcaL Recorps ARRANGED CHRONOLOGICALLY “THE PALACE WITHOUT A RIVAL”’ Tue ‘ Brt-KuTAuui”’ on ARMORY “THe TEMPLE OF THE NEw YEAR’S FEAs?T’”’ MIscELLANEOUS BUILDING INSCRIPTIONS AND H}PIGRAPHS EXCERPTS FROM THE BABYLONIAN CHRONICLE AND THE HELLENISTIC SOURCES AUTOGRAPHED TEXT OF THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE PRISM OF SENNACHERIB INDEX OF PRoPpER NAMES. xl PAGE 48 94 128 135 144 158 163 191 ; r a ere 4) j , a y . is. » ° _# CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION. ON CERTAIN PHASES OF ASSYRIAN STATECRAFT When the prophet, endeavoring to discourage the people who were clamoring for a change of government, described “the manner of the king” that should reign over them (I Sam. 8:16 f.), he became the author of what is perhaps at once the briefest and most accurate word picture of an oriental despotism that we possess. Had he added a sentence to the effect that the ruler would keep at his side a number of obsequious scribes who would magnify his smallest military success into a stupendous victory; who would demonstrate their mathematical ability by multiplying—by ten or twenty —the number of the enemy dead and captured, or the amount of tribute received from those who had warded off the royal wrath by speedy and abject submission; and who would, in balanced prose periods or in vague but ringing verse, transform a defeat which could not be passed over in silence, or a lucky escape from complete disaster in some foolish venture, into a dignified retreat before, say, the winter’s bitter cold or the floods of springtime—had the prophet done this he would have given us not only the picture, but the gilded frame as well. But he would have spoiled the small chance he had of making any impression upon his audience. The vanity of kings has always been gently dealt with, in the East and in the West, if for no other reason than that it often adds a touch of humor (in the Orient grim humor) to what would otherwise be a dull and dreary tale. The historian of David’s reign, as keenly aware of ‘‘ what the public wants” as our modern editor, clinches the hold of his already popular hero upon the imagination of his readers with that marvelously well-told story of the encounter with the giant. Who was interested in the fact that ‘‘Elhanan the son of Jaare-oregim the Beth-lehemite slew Goliath the Gittite, the staff of whose spear was like a weaver’s beam” (II Sam. 21:19)? Would any Egyptian have cared, even if he had dared, to suggest that his Pharaoh, Ramses II, protested too much about that victory of his at Kadesh on the Orontes?! Could one have found an Assyrian who would not have been outraged by the Babylonian chronicler’s report of the defeat of Sennacherib and the Assyrian army at Halulé ? History begins with the vanity of kings. (Will it end with the vanity of the demos?) In the earliest records that we possess from the Nile Valley We see the king on ceremonious occasions appearing in some state, preceded by four standard-bearers and accompanied by his chancellor, personal attendants, or a scribe, and two 1 A Chinese student in a term paper, using English which was more meaningful than idiomatic, put it thus: “Ramses greatly claimed victory.” 1 2 THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB fan-bearers. He wore the white crown of Upper or the red crown of Lower Egypt, or even a curious combination of the crowns of both kingdoms, and a simple garment suspended by a strap over one shoulder, to which a lion’s tail was appended behind. So dressed and so attended he conducted triumphant celebrations of his victories or led the ceremonies at the opening of canals or the inauguration of public works. ... . He was a mighty hunter, and recorded with pride an achievement like the slaying of a hippopotamus.} From the Wadi Maghara (Sinai) relief of King Semerkhet, picturing that monarch smiting the Beduin enemies of Egypt’s earliest progress Asiaward, to the walls of the temple of Amon at Thebes, where the long annals of Thutmose III’s victories in Syria were written down for the eye of god and man, and copiously illustrated, it was kingly pride that gave the artist his cue. Similarly the history of Babylonia must be built up about, and largely from, the-records of royal achievement, whether these are the simple sculptured placque with brief inscription of Ur-Nina, the detailed accounts of Gudea’s pious deeds, the grim records of Assurnasirpal’s ‘calculated frightfulness,”’ or the plagiarizing annals of the flabby Assurbanipal. Wearisome and even nauseat- ing as these records become, nevertheless they give us a true picture of the manner of the king that ruled over the peoples of the ancient Near East. Once upon a time during the days when we of the modern West were ‘‘making the world safe for democracy,” I conjured up the shades of Assurnasirpal, Sennacherib, and Assurbanipal from the house of Irkalla in the Land of No-return, to listen to some of the serious discussions of the day, such, for example, as that on the rights of weaker or conquered nations. I soon read on their faces the question for whose utterance they could find no words: ‘‘ You do not mean to say that the smaller and backward peoples are to be allowed to determine their own destiny without interference from the king and land to whom the great gods have intrusted the rule of the world?” ‘‘ Yes,” I replied, “we are beginning to accept this proposition, for we see that it is a corollary of another which has long since been formulated: ‘Governments derive their just powers from the consent of the governed.’”’ But this was too much. The spirits left me, beating a hasty retreat to the under- world “‘ where clay is their food and sewer-water their drink,”’ but whither, so far as we are aware, democratic ideas have not penetrated as yet. And so I returned to my cuneiform documents, there to find recorded the mighty deeds and pious works per- formed by the hands of my late guests while they were still in the flesh, to discover the principles, if there were any, which governed the Assyrian kings in their endeavors to make the god Assur and his rule supreme. The Assyrians were part and parcel of the ancient Orient, and the ancient oriental outlook upon the world was imperialistic. It was self-evident to the men of those days that the normal order of things was the domination of the ‘four quarters of the world” by one and only one nation. There were times when this order of things was disturbed, when the great gods allowed two and sometimes more nations to be so ! Breasted, A History of the Ancient Egyptians, pp. 41 f. INTRODUCTION 3 evenly matched in strength that a decision was impossible. Such a state of affairs obtained from about 1400 to 1000 B.c. This was the age of diplomacy. The kings of Egypt, Babylonia, Assyria, and the Hittiteland discovered that they were brothers, that boundary lines might be determined by treaty and that it was possible, the gods so willing, for nations to live at peace with one another. But no right-minded Oriental regarded such a condition of affairs as natural, much less as permanently possible. Of course, the theory that the rulership of the whole world was intrusted to one person on earth by the god who held the supremacy among the gods of heaven and earth was not formulated in a day, nor was its development independent of actual political conditions. However, the theory was well established in the thinking of the ancient oriental mind long before the Assyrians played any important réle in history. It was from Babylonia (more accurately, the old Sumer and Akkad), the home of the western Asiatic culture, that Assyria inherited most of her ideas and ideals of govern- ment. In the Enuma elish, the version of the creation stories edited by the priests at Babylon, it was the god Marduk to whom the dominion over all was given. ‘ Nid- dinka sarritum kigsat kal gimréti,” which is by interpretation: ‘To thee we give the rulership of the totality of the whole universe.” In the prologue to the Code of Hammurabi we read: When the exalted Anu, the king of the Anunnaki, and Enlil, the lord of heaven and earth, who determines the destinies of the land, committed to Marduk, firstborn son of Ea, the domin- ion over all mankind, and made him great among the Igigi; when they named the lofty name of Babylon and made it great in the four quarters of the world, and erected therein for him an everlasting kingdom, whose foundations are established firm as heaven and earth; then did Anu and Enlil call me, Hammurabi by name, the exalted prince, who fears god, to bring justice to prevail in the land, to destroy the wicked and the evil, that the strong might not injure the weak, that I might rise like Shamash over the black-headed people, to enlighten the land and to further the welfare of men. Marduk is recognized as the chief among the gods; Babylon, his city, as the mistress of the world; and Hammurabi, the king, as the predestined ruler of all peoples. In like manner, in the Assyrian versions of the story of creation, Assur holds the first rank among the gods, and it was from his hands that the Assyrian rulers had their power. But let us turn for a moment to the political development of Babylonia (using this term in its wider sense), for, as already intimated, the theory of world-dominion by one state grew out of the actual contest for supremacy in the Tigris-Euphrates Valley. At the dawn of history we find the city-states of Babylonia in a tooth-and-claw struggle with one another. The kings of Kish seem already to have developed the idea that they were ‘‘emperors.’’ At any rate we find Mesilim of Kish in the north intervening in the chronic strife between Lagash and Umma in southern Sumer, and attempting to fix the boundary between these rival cities. However, such interven- tion appears to have been exceptional. So long as these local quarrels continued, a THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB none of the city-states would be likely to develop dangerous strength, nor would there be much chance of a coalition against the overlord. In the course of time the ‘‘kingdom of Kish passed to Eanna (Erech).’’ Later the “kingdom passed” to another city. Now this city in Akkad was supposed to have exercised universal dominion, now that city in Sumer. How accurately the stereo- typed phrases of the early Sumerian historian describe the actual course of events is still a matter of doubt. One “kingdom” at a time was his theory. It is not until we come to Lugalzaggisi of Erech, Sargon of Akkad, and Hammurabi of Babylon that the fuller records permit us to trace the steps in the progress toward world- rulership. In the case of the first two, although expeditions reaching to the Persian Gulf in the east and the Mediterranean in the west are spoken of, it is evident that the immediate problem was the subjugation and control of Sumer and Akkad. With Hammurabi the situation becomes more complicated. Himself an Amorite on the Babylonian throne, he was keenly aware of the political progress that had been made in the regions adjacent to the Tigris-Euphrates Valley, and realized that a campaign for world-dominion would have to be conducted “‘with the breadth of vision which Ea allotted” him and “‘with the might which Marduk granted” him. First of all the lesser tribes and nations to the north and east were brought into subjection. Not until he had been on the throne close to thirty years did he feel ready to undertake the decisive venture, the crushing of Rim-Sin, the Elamite king on the throne of the Sumerian city of Larsa. But as soon as victory was attained, Hammurabi turned his whole attention to restoring “normalcy” in all of the conquered territory. Temples were rebuilt and cults revived, from Sumer in the south to Assyria and Mesopotamia in the north and west. Everything was done to bring prosperity to the whole of the empire. Hammurabi codified the laws of the land and boasts that this was done in the language of the people. He made justice the cornerstone of the national life. The strong were no longer to injure the weak; an ideal, by the way, which we find expressed in almost exactly the same words more than half a millennium before Hammurabi, by the reforming usurper Urukagina of Lagash. But we must not think that Hammurabi felt that he was bound by his code of laws. That code he received from the hand of the god Shamash for the establishment of justice in the empire, for the rulership of which he had been predestined from the foundation of the world. From the gods he had his scepter and to them alone was he responsible. The idea that a ruler derives his just powers from the consent of the governed, whether these were the “black-headed”’ Babylonians or peoples of conquered territory, would not have been abhorrent to Hammurabi, it would simply have been incompre- hensible. Nor can we imagine any such idea arising in the minds of the governed in his day. Throughout the history of Babylonia and Assyria, the kings ruled by the grace of god. It was true that people sometimes did rebel and set the ‘‘son of a nobody” upon the throne, but such a procedure was contrary to all reason and cer- INTRODUCTION 5 tainly always in defiance of the gods. This brings us to a point which we must never lose sight of as we turn to review the barbarous and unspeakable cruelty of the Assyrian kings. The oriental ruler had his scepter from the hand of his god. Victory over the nations round about was also a gift from him. Conquered peoples took the oath of obedience and servitude to the conqueror and the conqueror’s god. That they had no choice in the matter made no difference. The Assyrian kings always distinguished between enemies and rebels. Enemies were given a chance to submit and become tributaries, but rebels (‘‘sinners”’ is a literal translation of the term employed), those who “sinned against Assur and the great gods,” were usually exterminated with the utmost savagery. Shamshi-Adad, the first Assyrian king of whom we possess an inscription which is more than a mere dedicatory record, and who lived perhaps shortly after the fall of the First Dynasty of Babylon (ca. 1926 B.c.), tells us that he fixed the prices in his city Assur, received the tribute of the kings of Tukrish and of the king of the upper country, and set up a memorial stela on the shores of the great sea (the Mediterranean). Here, almost at the beginning of Assyrian history, we come upon that which the Assyrian kings to the very last made their chief occupation, namely, the collection of tribute. That the Sumerian and Babylonian “‘emperors”’ were not averse to receiving more or less voluntary gifts is to be taken for granted, but the records do not indicate that this was first and foremost in their thoughts. Certainly Hammurabi realized that the stability of a state depends upon economic health and social justice. Babylonia was a land of unsurpassed productiveness, and agriculture and commerce became the foundation stones of the state. Assyria, on the other hand, was a poor country, and it was no doubt largely on this account that its inhabitants early began to cast covetous eyes upon everything that was their neighbor’s. _Hammurabi saw that prosperous — cities in Sumer and Akkad were likely to be contented cities. Only late in the game did any Assyrian king wake up to the fact that a community, most of whose inhabitants had been put to the sword and whose wealth had been carried off to Assyria, was not likely to be a valuable nor quiet addition to the empire. But we are anticipating. We pass over the weary centuries during which weak Assyrian kings and weaker Kassite rulers of Babylonia warred with each other, or married one another’s daughters, having come to terms as to dowries and boundaries. We pause only for a moment to mention the deeds of Tukulti-Urta I (ca. 1290 B.c.). As is to be expected, we read of the tribute exacted from the countries round about. But of greatest moment is his capture of Babylon, an event described in the ‘‘ Babylonian Chronicle” as follows: Tukulti-Urta returned to Babylon. .... He destroyed the wall of Babylon, and the men of Babylon he slew with the sword. The treasures of Esagila and of Babylon he profanely brought forth, and the great lord Marduk he removed from his dwelling place, and he carried him away to Assyria. The administration of his governors he set up in the land of Karduniash For seven years did Tukulti-Urta rule over Karduniash. 6 THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB We cannot help comparing this procedure with Hammurabi’s methods. Hammurabi had sense enough to see that the restoration of temples and cults which had suffered from the ravages of war was one of the’surest ways of healing war’s wounds. But Tukulti-Urta was true to the Assyrian type and that type may best be described by an adjective for which we are indebted to Brander Matthews, osteocephalic. Our text goes on to describe the end of Tukulti-Urta. Afterwards the nobles of Akkad and Karduniash revolted and they set Adad-shum-usur upon his father’s throne. Against Tukulti-Urta, who had brought evil upon Babylon, Assur- nasirpal, his son, and the nobles of Assyria revolted, and from his throne they cast him, and they besieged him in a house in the city of Kar-Tukulti-Urta, and they slew him with the sword. This sort of thing occurred time and again in the later history of Assyria. While the king was away on a plundering expedition, his sons and nobles at home would get their heads together and decide that a change of leaders was desirable. The limu-lists will then have an entry, szhu, ‘‘rebellion,”’ in the capital, followed by a heavy ruling to indicate a change on the throne. It is not until we come to Tiglath-Pileser I (ca. 1100 B.c.) that we have Assyrian records showing carefully planned campaigns with world-dominion as their object. And here, too, we meet for the first time the detailed accounts of savagery which blacken the pages of Assyrian history to the last. Let me give a few quotations from the large Cylinder Inscription. With their twenty thousand warriors and their five kings in the land of Kummuhi I fought and I defeated them. The corpses of their warriors in the destructive battle like the destroyer T hurled down. ‘Their blood in the valleys and on the high places of the mountains I caused to flow. Their heads I cut off, and outside their cities, like heaps of grain, I piled them up. Their spoil, and their possessions in countless number I brought out. Six thousand men, the remainder of their troops, who from before my weapons had fled and had embraced my feet, I took away and as inhabitants of my country I counted them [Col. I, 74-88].1 Here we have the beginning of the deportation of the inhabitants of conquered territory. But it is not until the reign of the third Tiglath-pileser (745-727 B.c.) that this becomes a carefully planned policy. Continuing the quotation from Tiglath-pileser: The land of Kummuhi in its length and breadth I conquered and I added it to the borders of my land [Col. III, 380-31]. His campaigns are summed up in the following words: In all forty-two lands and their princes from beyond the Lower Zab, a region of difficult hills, unto the further side of the Euphrates, and the land of Hatti and the Upper Sea of the West, from the beginning of my rule up to the fifth year of my reign my hand hath conquered. I have made them to be under one rule [literally, of one mouth], I have taken hostages from them, and tribute and tax I have laid upon them [Col. VI, 39-48]. 1 See King, Annals of the Kings of Assyria, pp. 36 f. INTRODUCTION 7 But what had he accomplished? The name Assyria spread terror over the nations. But there is no evidence that any attempt was made to improve conditions in the lands which had been conquered. Security from attack and regular tribute from the conquered nations was all world-dominion meant to Tiglath-pileser, and neither had been gained. Now follows a long period of Assyrian decline with the falling away of dependencies and the gradual cessation of the payment of tribute. The next conqueror which Assyria produced was Assurnasirpal, whose name is synonymous with ‘‘Schrecklich- keit.”’ Two hundred and sixty of their fighting men I put to the sword, and I cut off their heads and I piled them in heaps. .... I built a pillar over against his city gate, and I flayed all of the chief men who had revolted, and I covered the pillar with their skins; some I walled up within the pillar, and some upon the pillar on stakes I impaled, and others I fixed to stakes round about the pillar... .. Three thousand captives I burned with fire. .... Their young men and maidens I burned in the fire. These are a few sentences taken at random from his Annals.! Flaying, impaling, mutilation, burning, these were the means by which Assurnasirpal sought to establish an empire. In a sense he was successful. Tribute came pouring in as in the days of old, and Assyria was a name to be spoken in a whisper. From his day to the end of Assyrian history, the power of Assyria was felt over all of Western Asia. In time even Egypt fell a victim to the Assyrian sword. But in that long period of two and three-quarter centuries, there was hardly a moment when an Assyrian king could lean back and be comfortable. Revolts were breaking out almost daily, at home and in the conquered territories. The death of an Assyrian king was usually the signal for a general uprising and refusal of tribute. As time went on, practically all there was to Assyria was the army, and tribute and plunder from the conquered regions about all there was to support the war machine. What methods did the Assyrians employ to hold their empire together? Did it ever occur to them that a sound economic policy and social justice might help? If so, the records of it have perished. As already indicated, Tiglath-pileser III thought he had found the solution of an emperor’s troubles when he revived the policy of deporting the inhabitants of a province at one end of the empire and settling them among strangers at the other. Sennacherib attempted to solve the age-old problem of Babylon by wiping the city off the map.? Though his son, Esarhaddon, by his restoration of this old capital of the South, gave promise of better things, nevertheless, ‘‘in him, in spite of mercy shown a number of times, there raged a fierceness and a thirst for blood and revenge that remind us forcibly of Assurnasirpal. His racial inheritance had overcome his personal mildness.’’ 1 See King, op. cit., pp. 254 f. 2 Tukulti-Urta had tried this method earlier. See above. 3 Rogers, History of Babylonia and Assyria, II, 424. 8 THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB The organization of the conquered territories into provinces of the Assyrian state, begun early and carried out methodically in the empire period, if done in an enlightened manner, might have resulted in time in the formation of a homogeneous culture. But here again there is no evidence that economic and social conditions were ever seriously studied. To the very end the problem was not how much a certain province might be made to produce, but always how much could be gouged out of that province. In the end this amount became small indeed. The disappearance of the free peasant class and the exorbitant rates of interest on money are but two of many indications we have in the business documents dating from the empire of the unhealthy economic and social conditions which prevailed in the homeland itself. And the Assyrian Code, dating from about a millennium after that of Hammurabi, gives evidence in almost every paragraph of the barbarous severity of the administration of the law. I am aware that it is not good form to sit in judgment upon the kings of old whose deeds we pass in review; that these worthies must be studied in the light of their own time; ete. To which I reply, that to edit the inscriptions of such a man as Sennacherib is to pass judgment upon him, If Assurnasirpal, Tiglath-pileser, Sennacherib, and the rest insisted on spreading the accounts of their barbarities all over the walls of their palaces, why should we refrain from calling them barbarians? That the times in which these monarchs lived were strenuous ones none will deny, but if Assyrian justice was ever tempered by mercy the accounts of it have been lost. There is not much use in speculating as to what might have been, but there is no harm in contrasting the haughty imperialism of the Assyrian kings with the humane and paternal imperialism of such a Babylonian as Hammurabi. If the proprieties of historical science (or the postal laws) keep us from expressing our opinion as to the merits and demerits of Assyria’s imperialistic policy, it is possible to find relief for our feelings in the perusal of the opinions expressed by some of the victims of that policy. Did not Nahum, with his ‘‘ Woe to the bloody city!” put into words the feelings which surged up in the heart of the whole ancient world when the doom of Assyria had been sealed? ‘All that hear the report of thee clap their hands over thee; for upon whom hath not thy wickedness passed continually?” Could the author of the Book of Jonah, that gospel story of the Old Testament, have chosen a better example to illustrate the inscrutable ways of providence, than Nineveh, object of god’s grace, recipient of Jehovah’s forgiveness ? CHAPTER II THE REIGN OF SENNACHERIB When Sargon moved into his magnificent palace at Khorsabad, there must have come to his mind the thought that he had set Assyria’s house in order and that he and his land might now look forward with confidence to a season of peace and quiet- ness. At Raphia he had shown the cities of Syria that “to take refuge in the shadow of Egypt” would avail them nothing. In several hard-fought campaigns he had shattered the power of Urartu which had long threatened Assyria from the north. And finally, by a happy combination of successful military leadership and shrewd diplomacy, he had found himself in possession of Babylonia with the Babylonians hailing him as their champion. Then suddenly there arose the ery: ‘A lion is gone up from his thicket, and a destroyer of nations.”’ Out of the north there were coming troops of barbarous horsemen, descendants, perhaps, of the hordes of Gutium which had swept down over Sumer and Akkad soon after the days of the elder Sargon, older cousins of the Scythians who were to terrify Judah in Jeremiah’s day—the products of the Eurasian grasslands which have periodically belched destruction over the civilized areas of the twin continents. Our records are obscure, but it would seem as if for a time Sargon failed to realize the danger, and that when he did sally forth, it was to meet a violent death. In breaking down the kingdom of Urartu, he had opened up the door for the Cimmeri- ans, Scythians, and other Indo-European hordes, who were, within the century, to exhaust and to overthrow the empire. But, as so often happens in this world of ours, the storm clouds blew over. The Cimmerians were turned aside and it was not until the days of Esarhaddon and Assurbanipal that they became a real menace to Assyria. However, Sennacherib, who succeeded to the throne on the twelfth of Ab, 705 B.c., was in no danger of finding time hanging heavy on his hands. There was the Baby- lonian problem. Would Sennacherib proceed to Babylon, take the hand of Marduk, and be proclaimed shakkanakku, viceroy, as his father Sargon had done, and thus salve the feelings of the haughty Marduk priesthood? Sennacherib had evidently long since made up his mind as to the manner in which Babylonian pride was to be handled. He did not take the hand of Marduk as viceroy, but he had himself proclaimed king of Babylon, and this without using a second name as Tiglath-pileser had done. Nor does he seem to have taken the trouble to honor Marduk by calling on him in his temple. And so, while the official state records have his name set down as king of 9 10 THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB Babylon, the Ptolemaic Canon, reflecting the true Babylonian feeling in the matter, has the years 705 and 704 marked ‘‘kingless.”’ Events moved rapidly. In Babylon, one Marduk-zakir-shumu, labeled ‘‘son of a slave” in the King List, was proclaimed ruler (703). He had enjoyed royal dignity but a month when Merodach-baladan appeared on the scene and regained the throne from which he had been ousted by Sargon back in 709. This time Shutur-nahundu,! the Elamite, sent substantial aid in the form of 80,000 bowmen, supported by cavalry and under the command of the turtan and “‘left”’ turtan. Such backing brought all of the Chaldeans of Bit-Yakin, Bit-Amukkani, and the other petty states on the shore of the Persian Gulf, as well as the Aramaeans whose settlements were along the Tigris, to the standard of the Babylonian king. Sennacherib’s generals, who were sent on ahead, were attacked by the allies in the plain of Kish, and failed to hold their own. Messengers were dispatched to the king who was in the vicinity of Kutha. This city he immediately assaulted.and captured. Raging like a lion and storming like a tem- pest, he now turned his face toward Kish. Merodach-baladan’s courage failed him and he fled into the swamps and marshes of Guzummanu, leaving the Elamite generals with the allied troops to face the Assyrian. Sennacherib’s victory was decisive. Among the captives are mentioned the stepson of Merodach-baladan and the brother of the Arab queen, Yat’e. After the spoil had been gathered together, the king marched upon Babylon, whose gates swung open on his approach, and Merodach-baladan’s palace was made to yield up its treasures. Sennacherib spent five days hunting for the fugitive Babylonian king down in the fens, but without bagging his quarry. The fields and date groves of the Arabs, Aramaeans, and Chaldeans (one sees from these names how the old Akkadian-Babylonian stock had been replaced by new blood) were stripped bare, and their produce accompanied the 208,000 captives and correspondingly large numbers of horses, mules, asses, camels, cattle, and sheep to Assyria. . Before leaving Babylon, Sennacherib set Bél-ibni, “‘a scion of Babylon,’”’ who had grown up at the Assyrian court, “like a young hound,’’ upon the throne of Sumer and Akkad. Was he tempted to try leniency with the Babylonians? So ended the first cam- paign (702). But if Merodach-baladan’s whereabouts remained unknown to the Assyrian king, he was not idle. His letters and a present reached Hezekiah, king of Judah, who lent him a ready ear (II Kings, 20:12 f.).2. The trouble in the west had doubtless begun as soon as the reports of Sargon’s violent death reached these regions. And with Sennacherib apparently kept occupied for some time after his accession by events in Babylonia, it is no wonder that the year 701 saw respect for Assyrian authority rapidly disappearing. In the north, the cities had rallied about Lulé (Elulaeus), called king of Sidon, though Tyre seems to have been his real capital, while in the south Hezekiah 1 See p. 49, note 2. 2 Some would place this embassy before, others after, this date. THE REIGN OF SENNACHERIB 11 of Judah, with Egyptian aid in sight, became not an altogether unwilling center around which the anti-Assyrian forces rallied. In Ekron the staunch pro-Assyrian Padi was thrown in chains and turned over to Hezekiah at Jerusalem, there to be further humiliated. Such open defiance of Assyria could not be allowed to go unheeded, and Sen- nacherib, having subdued the Kassites and Yasubigallians, rude mountaineers to the east of the Tigris, in what is designated as his second campaign, now set out against the “ Hittiteland,” that is, Syria. Lulé, like many another Phoenician prince before and after him, did not wait to see what an Assyrian army looked like, but took to his heels, or to be more exact, to his boat, and was soon at a safe distance from the scene of operations. Tuba’lu (Ethbaal) was set up as king of Sidon and a number of Phoenician cities were turned over to his rule. According to Sennacherib there now followed a mad rush of petty kinglets eager to ward off his wrath by speedy submission; among these were Mitinti of Ashdod, Budu-ilu of Beth Ammon, Kamusu-nadbi of Moab, and Malik-rammu of Edom. But the opposition in the south was not so readily broken down. In fact Sennacherib was compelled to do some real fighting. Beginning with Ashkelon, where the rebels had deposed Sharru-lu-dari, son of the Rukibti whom Tiglath-pileser had placed upon the throne, and set up Sidka as their king, one city after the other was attacked and taken. As the Assyrian was on the point of moving against Ekron, the Egyptian and Ethiopian armies made their appearance, and at Eltekeh the battle was joined. The Assyrians won. Eltekeh and Timnath were captured and Ekron’s rebels, who had ousted Padi, were now exposed to the fury of the royal wrath. Sennacherib next turned his attention to Jerusalem. Siege was laid to the city and the daring Hezekiah was shut up “like a bird in a cage.’”’? The Assyrian account of the investment of the city is very full and detailed, a sure sign that the victory claimed was not at all decisive. As for Hezekiah, the Jew, who did not submit to my yoke, 46 of his strong cities, as well as the small cities in their neighborhood, which were without number—by levelling with battering- rams (?) and by bringing up siege-engines (?), I besieged and took (those cities). 200,150 people, great and small, male and female, horses, mules, asses, camels, cattle and sheep, without number, I brought away from them and counted as spoil. Himself, like a caged bird I shut up in Jerusalem, his royal city. Earthworks I threw up against him—the one coming out of the city-gate, I turned back to his misery. The cities of his which I had despoiled I cut off from his land and to Mitinti, king of Ashdod, Padi, king of Ekron, and Silli-Bél, king of Gaza, I gave. And (thus) I diminished his land. I added to the former tribute, and laid upon him the giving (up) of their land (as well as) imposts—gifts for my majesty. As for Hezekiah, the terrifying splendor of my majesty overcame him, and the Urbi (Arabs) and his mercenary(?) troops which he had brought in to strengthen Jerusalem, his royal city, deserted him (lit. took leave). 12 THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB In addition to the 30 talents of gold and 800 talents of silver (there were), gems, cosmetics (?), jewels(?), large sandu-stones, couches of ivory, house chairs of ivory, elephant hide, ivory (lit. elephant’s teeth), wshu-wood, urkarinnu-wood, all kinds of valuable (heavy) treasures, as well as his daughters, his harem, his male and female musicians, (which) he had (them) bring after me to Nineveh, my royal city. To pay tribute and to accept (lit. do) servitude, he dis- patched his messenger(s). We have heard what Sennacherib had to say about the great event of his third campaign. We have also reached the most debated of the historical problems con- nected with his reign. Sennacherib’s attack upon Jerusalem and Judah is also fully reported in the Old Testament. The echoes of a reverse to his army, there recorded, reverberated down the centuries. Herodotus tells of the “multitude of field-mice”’ which came in the night and ‘‘which devoured all the quivers and bowstrings of the enemy, and all the thongs by which they managed their shields”; how ‘“‘next morning they commenced their flight, and great multitudes fell, as they had no arms with which to defend themselves” (Book IJ, 141). And Byron has helped us to exult over the discomfiture of the Assyrian who ‘‘came down like a wolf on the fold.””’ The prob- lem is whether the non-Assyrian accounts refer to one or two campaigns of Sennacherib in the West, one in 701 and another toward the end of his reign. Opinion has gradually shifted round to the two-campaign hypothesis. Without going into details, let us set down the pros and cons. In the first place, the passage in II Kings 18:13 f. (and Isa. 36:1f.) agrees with the Assyrian account in the report of Judean cities captured by Sennacherib and tribute paid the Assyrian by Hezekiah. Now in the fourteenth year of king Hezekiah did Sennacherib king of Assyria come up against all the fortified cities of Judah, and took them. And Hezekiah king of Judah sent to the king of Assyria to Lachish, saying, I have offended; return from me; that which thou puttest on me will I bear. And the king of Assyria appointed unto Hezekiah king of Judah three hundred talents of silver and thirty talents of gold.! In the second place, it is evident from both accounts that there was a siege of Jerusalem. According to the Assyrian account this siege, conducted in 701, led to the submission of Hezekiah (it does not mention the capture of the city) and his payment of tribute. One is led to infer that operations were conducted by the king in person, but this is not expressly stated and the reliefs show him seated on his throne before Lachish (cf. IJ Kings 18:14). According to the Old Testament account, messengers were sent by the king from Lachish to interview Hezekiah and to scare him into submission. But without success. On their return to their master they found him “warring against Libnah” (II Kings 19:8f.). The appearance on the scene of Tirhakah, king of Ethiopia, and a second embassy to Hezekiah are now recorded. The same insulting speech that had been used before, with but slight variations, is again directed at Hezekiah through his representatives at the parley. But Hezekiah, ‘This and what follows sounds almost as if an Assyrian scribe had written it. THE REIGN OF SENNACHERIB 13 encouraged by the prophet Isaiah, once more refuses to be intimidated. Then follows the account of the smiting of the Assyrian host in the night by the angel of Jehovah, the departure of Sennacherib to Nineveh, and his assassination there. Those who hold the two-campaign hypothesis, and as already indicated, they are now in the majority, feel that the difficulties presented by the Old Testament story, especially the mention of Tirhakah and the placing of Sennacherib’s assassination close upon his return to Nineveh after his disastrous defeat, are most easily overcome by assuming a first western campaign in 701 in which the Assyrian king defeated the Syrians and their Egyptian allies, devastated the cities of Judah, besieged Jerusalem but failed to take it, contenting himself with Hezekiah’s release of Padi and his pay- ment of tribute; and a second campaign in 687 or 686, when he met a crushing defeat (naturally not mentioned in the Assyrian annals). The Old Testament is supposed to have telescoped the two campaigns into one. This hypothesis has many things in its favor. Nevertheless, its alternative which holds that one campaign, that of 701, is all we need to posit, is easily defended. Sennacherib’s annals make no mention of his presence before Lachish, but as already indicated, an inscribed relief shows him there. The repeated dispatch of his messengers to Hezekiah is right in line with what we should expect to have occurred. Although Sennacherib places his defeat of the Syrians and their Egyptian and Ethio- pian allies before the siege of Jerusalem, it is altogether possible that this battle, in which he may have been fought to a standstill, came at the close of the campaign and was the reason for his abandonment of the siege. Hezekiah’s release of Padi and his payment of tribute (the latter is placed at the very beginning of the Old Testa- ment narrative) may have come soon after the Assyrian’s appearance in southern Syria, or any time during the long siege. Or the siege itself may have been the result of some overt act of Hezekiah’s inspired by the resistance that Ashkelon and the other cities of the plain were offering to Sennacherib. A drawn battle with the allies and the raising of the siege of Jerusalem would be basis enough for the story of the utter rout of Sennacherib as handed down by the Old Testament and Herodotus.! That his campaign was not a brilliant success we may legitimately infer from Sennach- erib’s own account of it in the annals. And Bél-ibni’s willingness to listen to Merodach-baladan and the Elamites is additional evidence pointing in the same direction. That Sennacherib had not met with outright defeat is evidenced, I believe, by the silence of the Babylonian Chronicle, which was not slow to record Assyrian reverses. And a similar silence as to a defeat of Sennacherib in the West toward the end of his reign is not without significance. Would Sennacherib have been content to have such a defeat passed over in silence? Is it not more probable that he would have ordered his scribes to give to the world such an account as that of his battle of Halulé? As for the mention of Tirhakah, he may well have been in command of his 1The miraculous elements of these accounts do not call for explanation here. 14 THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB uncle Shabaka’s troops in 701, some thirteen years before he became king (so Breasted, who finds no insuperable difficulty in assuming one campaign), as Hall, who argues for two campaigns, admits.1 In 700 Sennacherib again marched on Babylon, captured the treacherous Bél-ibni, who was sent back to Assyria, chased Shuzubu, the Chaldean, into the southern marshes, and conducted such a hot pursuit after Merodach-baladan that this arch- enemy of Assyria and the instigator of the trouble, packed up his gods and his people, embarked them in ships, and fled to the Elamite city of Nagitu on the east shore of the Persian Gulf. In place of Bél-ibni, Sennacherib set his son Assur-nddin-shumu on the Babylonian throne and returned to Assyria. So ended the fourth campaign. A period of comparative quiet now set in. But royal vanity demanded royal campaigns to be recorded in high-sounding phrases on dedicatory cylinders and prisms or on the walls of the steadily growing palace at Nineveh. So a raid against the villages on the slopes of Mount Nipur (the modern Jdidi DAgh) northeast of Nineveh, becomes a fifth campaign (699). But a real military undertaking conducted the following year by his generals against Kirua, governor of Kue (Cilicia), who had risen in revolt, though recorded on a recently discovered cylinder which was inscribed in 694, was later passed over by the scribes who composed the royal annals. This campaign is of special interest to us today because it was the one event of Sennacherib’s reign of which any extended account was handed down by the Greek and Roman historians.2. Some years later (695) the Assyrian generals undertook an expedition against Til-garimmu (the Togarmah of the Old Testament), which had figured in Assyrian history since the days of Assurnasirpal and which had now for some unknown reason merited punishment. The thought of Merodach-baladan, alive or dead, was a thorn in the flesh of Sennacherib. The escape of that arch-conspirator to Elam must have embittered the days and disturbed the nights’ dreams of the Assyrian king. And so we find him ready in 694 to strike a blow at the Elamite coast whither Merodach-baladan and his people had fled. He had kept Phoenician shipbuilders busy building ships for some time on the upper Euphrates and at Nineveh on the Tigris, for a fleet to be used as transports for his army. The ships built on the upper Tigris were manned by Tyrian, Sidonian, and Cyprian sailors, and floated down that stream to Opis. Here, presumably because the lower Tigris was controlled by the Elamites, the ships were pulled up on shore, placed on sledges or rollers, and transported overland to the Arahtu canal. Ata point downstream, probably where the canal joined the Euphrates below Babylon, the Assyrian troops, together with their supplies, were embarked and transported to Bab-saliméti, at the mouth of the Euphrates. Sennacherib, not trusting himself to such unusual means of transportation, kept on dry land. At the head of the Persian Gulf, he and the fleet seem to have had a five-day battle with wind and waves, but 1The Ancient History of the Near East, p. 491. 2 See p. 162. THE REIGN OF SENNACHERIB 15 after Ea, the god of the deep, had been placated by sacrifices which were offered him, and by a golden ship, a golden fish, and a golden aluttu which were cast upon the waters, the voyage across the gulf to the Elamite side was made without further accident. After a stubborn resistance, the cities of the coast were taken. Sennacherib calls it a great victory. The captive Chaldeans and Elamites were apportioned like sheep among his soldiers. He had his revenge upon Merodach-baladan, although, so it would seem, the Babylonian had not lived to see the Assyrian’s great adventure. Sennacherib makes no mention of the backfire from this invasion of Elam. But the Babylonian chronicler, who never failed to record the things the Assyrian king would have been willing to pass over in silence, has some information on the subject. “Tn the sixth year of Assur-nadin-shumu, Sennacherib descended upon Elam, destroyed Nagitu, Hilmu, Pillatu, Hupapanu and plundered them. Thereupon Hallushu, king of Elam, came against Akkad, entered Sippar toward the end of the month Tash- ritu, and slew the inhabitants. Shamash did not leave Ebarra. Assur-nddin-shumu was captured and carried off to Elam. Six years Assur-nddin-shumu ruled as king in Babylon. The king of Elam placed Nergal-ushézib on the throne in Babylon and invaded (or, defeated) Assyria.” “But the success of the Babylonians and their allies was short-lived. They had cut off Sennacherib from his base, and had him at a disadvantage. On the sixteenth of Tammuz (the fourth Assyrian month, corresponding to June-July) of his first year of reign, Nergal-ushézib took Nippur. The first of Tashritu (seventh month) saw the capture of Erech by the Assyrian army, and the seventh of the same month marked the collapse of the allied advance. The Elamites aiding, Nergal-ushézib had attacked the northward-moving Assyrian army near Nippur, was defeated, captured, and carried off to Nineveh (693), where he had a chance to reflect upon the transitory char- acter of worldly glory. The defeat of the allies cost Hallushu his throne and life, for a rebellion broke out in Elam which ended in his overthrow and the accession of Kudur- nahundu, three weeks after the reverse at Nippur. Events now moved apace. The defeated, but not hopeless, Babylonians placed Mushézib-Marduk on their throne. But Sennacherib was not to be diverted from what he had come to know was the real center of the opposition. Late in the year he invaded Elam. We hear of the capture and destruction of forty-six cities: but the Elamites refused to let themselves be engaged. They were evidently too disorganized to warrant taking any risks, so Kudur-nahundu withdrew into the mountains. The rapid approach of winter, with rain and snow and bitter cold, was the only thing that prevented Sennacherib from following. He returned to Nineveh. The Assyrian king was now in dead earnest. Kudur-nahundu was killed in an uprising ten months after his accession, and the time to strike another blow was at hand. As Sennacherib moved south, the Babylonians hastily stripped their great temple of Marduk of its treasures, to buy the support of Umman-menanu, the new 16 THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB king in Elam. Umman-menanu, a man without any sense or judgment (this is the Assyrian’s estimate of him), accepted the bribe, mustered his armies, and came on to meet the advancing Assyrian host. At Halulé on the lower Tigris the great battle was fought. With the dust of their feet covering the wide heavens like a mighty storm with (its) masses of dense (lit. pregnant) clouds, they drew up in battle array before me in the city of Halulé, on the bank of the Tigris. They blocked my passage and offered battle. As for me, to Assur, Sin, Shamash, Bél, Nabi, Nergal, Ishtar of Nineveh, Ishtar of Arbela, the gods in whom I trust, I prayed for victory over the mighty foe. They speedily gave ear to my prayers and came tomy aid. Likea lion I raged. I puton (my) coat of mail. (My) helmet, emblem of victory (battle), I placed upon my head. My great battle chariot which brings low the foe, I hurriedly mounted in the anger of my heart. The mighty bow which Assur had given me, I seized in my hands; the javelin, piercing to the life, I grasped. Against all of the hosts of wicked enemies, I raised my voice (lit. cried out), rumbling like a storm. Like Adad I roared. At the word of Assur, the great lord, my lord, on flank and front I pressed upon the enemy like the onset of a raging storm. With the weapon of Assur, my lord, and the terrible onset of my attack, I stopped their advance, succeeding in surrounding them. I decimated the enemy host with arrow and spear. All of their bodies I bored through like Humban-undasha the field-marshal of the king of Elam, a trustworthy man, commander of his armies and his chief support, together with his nobles who wear the golden girdle-dagger and whose hands (wrists) are encircled with heavy (thick) rings of shining gold,—like fat steers who have hobbles put on them, —speedily I cut them down and established their defeat. I cut their throats like , cut off their precious lives (as one cuts) a string. Like the many waters of a storm I made (the contents of) their gullets and entrails run down upon the wide earth. My prancing steeds, harnessed for my riding, plunged into the streams of their blood as (into) a river. The wheels of my war chariot, which brings low the wicked and the evil, were bespattered with filth and blood. With the bodies of their warriors I filled the plain, like grass. (Their) testicles I cut off, and tore out their privates like the seeds of cucumbers of Siwan (June). Their hands I cut off. The heavy (?) rings of brightest gold which (they had) on their wrists, I took away. With sharp swords I pierced their belts and took away the girdle-daggers of gold and silver which (they carried) on their persons. The rest of the nobles, together with Nabd-shum-ishkun, son of Merodach-baladan, who had taken fright at (before) my onslaught and had gone over to their side, (these) my hands seized in the midst of the battle. The chariots and their horses, whose riders had been slain at the beginning of the terrible onslaught, and who had been left to themselves, kept running back and forth (lit. going and returning) for a distance of two double-hours:—I put an end to their head- long flight. That Umman-menanu, king of Elam, together with the king of Babylon (and) the princes of Chaldea, who had gone over to their side, the terror of my battle overturned them (lit. their bodies) like a bull. They abandoned their tents and to save their lives they trampled the bodies of their (fallen) soldiers, they fled like young pigeons that are pursued. They were beside themselves (lit. their hearts were torn), they held back (?) their urine, but let their dung go into their chariots. In pursuit of them, I despatched my chariots and horses after them. Those among them who had escaped, who had fled for their lives, wherever they (my charioteers) met them, they cut them down with the sword. THE REIGN OF SENNACHERIB 17 This is by all odds the best description of a battle that has come down to us from Assyria. The poet who portrayed Marduk’s great encounter with Tiamat and the hosts of Chaos did no better. It is also the finest rhetorical smoke-screen that has ever been thrown around a monarch retiring with dignity from a situation that had proved to be too much for him. Its only serious competitor for first prize is the Egyptian account of the victory of Ramses II at Kadesh on the Orontes. The Babylonian chronicler’s report of the battle is brief: “‘In an unknown year [it was 691], Menanu mustered the armies of Elam and Akkad, made an attack upon Assyria at Halulé and defeated Assyria.” It was a drawn battle. The Elamites must have suffered frightful losses. Sennacherib boasts of the capture of an Elamite general and the son of Merodach- baladan. But Umman-menanu was still at large, and Mushézib-Marduk still on the Babylonian throne, when Sennacherib returned to Nineveh. Sennacherib remained at home all of the next year, assisting, perhaps, in the editing of the account of the victory at Halulé. And then, ‘Gott mit uns!” the Elam- ite king suffered a stroke, his jaw was locked so that he could not speak. Sennacherib was not slow to take advantage of this situation. He hurriedly marched upon Baby- lon (689, his eighth and last campaign of which the official records tell us), captured Mushézib-Marduk, sent him and the statue of Marduk back to Assyria, while the city itself was totally wiped out. The city and its houses,—foundation and walls, I destroyed, I devastated, I burned with fire. The wall and the outer-wall, temples and gods, temple-towers of brick and earth, as many as there were, I razed and dumped them into the Arahtu canal. Through the midst of that city I dug canals, I flooded its site with water, and the very foundation thereof I destroyed. I made its destruction more complete than that by a flood. That in days to come, the site of that city, and its temples and gods, might not be remembered, I completely blotted it out with floods of water and made it likea meadow. ... . After I had destroyed Babylon, had smashed the gods thereof, and had struck down its people with the sword,—that the ground of that city might be carried off, I removed its ground and had it carried to the Euphrates (and on) to the sea. Its dirt reached (was carried) unto Dilmun, the Dilmunites saw it, and terror of the fear of Assur fell upon them and they brought their treasures. With their treasures they sent artisans, mustered from their land, carriers of the basket, a copper chariot, copper tools, vessels of the workmanship of their land;—at the destruction of Babylon. To quiet the heart of Assur, my lord, that peoples should bow in submission before his exalted might, I removed the dust of Babylon for presents to (be sent to the most) distant peoples, and in that Temple of the New Year’s Feast, I stored (some) of it in a covered bin. Sennacherib had achieved the end toward which he had pushed since the early days of his reign. His remaining eight years were apparently years of peace (unless there really was another campaign to the West during these years). No doubt the king’s generals were sent out on an occasional punitive expedition—we know of one against the Arabs—but he himself could now give his undivided attention to the improvement of his capital. 18 THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB Plots and counterplots have always disturbed the peace of oriental courts. Queen- mothers, wives and concubines, younger sons, all watching every move the king makes; priests and astrologers, all sorts of advisers telling him what to do and what not to do—is it any wonder that the Assyrian monarchs spent so much time away from home?! As old age came on, the matter of the succession was bound to cause the king trouble. We are always left in the dark as to just what happened in these scrambles for the throne. The victor is not apt to divulge the secret of his success. So in the case of Sennacherib. Late in the reign, Esarhaddon seems to have won first place in his father’s affections. When he was off on some expedition, his brother (or brothers) murdered the father “as he was worshipping in the house of Nisroch his god.” This occurred on the twentieth of Tebet, 681 B.c. Six weeks thereafter Esarhaddon had overcome the rebels and seated himself on the throne. The building operations in and about Nineveh extended from the beginning to the end of Sennacherib’s reign. The old palace, which was much too small and plain, was torn down and replaced by a larger and more magnificent one. Wings must have been added to it from time to time and in the end the reality caught up with the name, “The Palace without a Rival.” In his later years Sennacherib bestowed most of his energies upon the great armory, the Bit-kutallu. The streets of the capital were widened, straightened, and made to articulate with a royal boulevard sixty-two cubits in width. The greatly enlarged city was surrounded by huge walls, an inner and an outer, pierced by fifteen magnificent gates. Parks were laid out about the city and in them were planted all the trees of mountain and plain, including trees that bore wool. And the Ninevite could walk out into a real ‘‘Tiergarten”’ and see the birds and the fish and the animals in surroundings that were made to resemble their natural habitats down to the minutest detail. Back of the city a large area was subdivided into small plots which were assigned to the citizens. The improvement of the city’s water supply must have occupied many a month of the king’s time. Did Nineveh contain any large temples and if so what did Sennacherib do for them ? We hear little of temple building, nothing in most of the cylinder and prism inscrip- tions. There is only one temple in which Sennacherib seems to have taken much interest, the House of the New Year’s Feast, and this was probably located outside the city walls of Assur. And it was in this old capital of the Assyrian state that he prepared his final abode, ‘‘the palace of rest, the sepulchre of repose, the eternal abode, of Sennacherib, king of the universe, king of Assyria.” This is not the place for any discussion of the art and architecture of Sennacherib’s public buildings. In fact a discussion would have to be based upon many detailed studies, and these are yet to be made. Paterson’s The Palace of Sennacherib, useful 1 The records of Sennacherib’s domestic troubles, the letters from his reign and that of Esarhaddon, have been excluded from our collection of documents. See pp. 148 f. for inscriptions telling of restorations of other buildings at Assur, Tarbisi, and Kakzi. THE REIGN OF SENNACHERIB 19 as it is, serves mainly to bring home to one the painful inadequacy of the treatment Assyrian art has received. (The French works on Sargon’s palace at Khorsabad, published at enormous expense back in the days when public enthusiasm for such things could still be aroused, contain many magnificent pictures, but they are not, for the most part, Assyrian.) On one point, however, a few remarks may be in order. It took many years to rid us of the notion that the Assyrian culture was but a poor reflection of the Baby- lonian, and to realize that the art of Assyria shows a great advance over that of Baby- lonia on which, to a great extent, it doubtless rests. But the pendulum seems to be swinging too far in the other direction. We may be inclined to utter a loud amen when Hall, speaking of the sculpture of Assurbanipal’s day says: ‘‘In the representation of animals and the chase the king’s sculptors shewed a power of observation, a love of truth, and a skilful hand previously unexampled in ancient art.’’? But is his footnote quite fair, does it rest upon fact ? The Phoenician has lost his old glamour now, and we know him for but a sorry imitator who could never have made such fine things; the Ionian borrowed oriental ideas to mingle - with his Mycenaean art-tradition: he received from Nineveh rather than gave. It has been supposed that it was a Syrian art that produced these works... . . . When the people of Chaldea, the Aramaeans, the Mannai, the people of Kue and Hilakku, of Philistia and Tyre, who had not submitted to Sennacherib’s yoke, were snatched away from their lands and made to carry the basket and mold bricks, are we sure that they were merely put to the task of carrying out the plans of Assyrian architects? Sennacherib takes great pride in his Bit-hilanu, a Syrian portico, which was one of the show features of his great palace.2. Was the change from brick to stone as building material just an inspiration of Sennacherib? Has Hall ever laid down Sennacherib’s building inscriptions and taken up the Old Testament with its account of Solomon’s temple? The writer has derived much benefit from such a procedure. Sennacherib was not loath to have Phoenician shipbuilders provide him with a fleet; why should we think it impossible for him to have borrowed ideas on art and architec- ture from every available source? But, as already said, the time is not ripe for a dis- cussion of Assyrian art. The inscriptions of Sennacherib will help the student to make his special study of the monumental remains that have survived. 1 Hall, Ancient History of the Near East, p. 515. 2 See p. 97. CHAPTER IIT THE SOURCES The sources are here listed in the order in which they were written, so far as that is possible. Considerable uncertainty necessarily prevails since many of the documents were not dated by the ancient scribe and we are compelled to fall back on internal evidence. Worse than this is the pernicious habit our modern copyists and cataloguers have fallen into of calling lines so-and-so of a text duplicates of certain lines of the “Taylor Prism” when in reality the text is a duplicate of the ‘ Bellino,” the ‘‘ Rassam,”’ or some other cylinder. No attempt at a full bibliography has here been made, nor has it been thought necessary even to give references to every publication of a docu- ment. Texts will be quoted herein by letter and number. A. Texts containing the record of the first campaign only, and presumably written before the date of the second campaign 1. British Museum (hereafter BM), No. 1132038, published by Sidney Smith, The First Campaign of Sennacherib B. Texts containing the record of the first and second campaigns 1. The so-called ‘‘Bellino Cylinder” =K 1680, published by Layard, Inscriptions in the Cuneiform Character from Assyrian Monuments, Plates 63f., and Smith, History of Sennacherib, pp. 1f., 24f., 43 f., 140 f. Dated in the imu of Nabi-li’u (702 B.c.) C. Three campaigns 1. The “‘Rassam Cylinder” =87-7-19, 1, published, in part, by Evetts in Zeitschrift fiir Assyriologie, III, 311f. Dated in the limu of Metunu (700 B.c.) . Cylinder 80-7-19, 2 . Cylinder 79-7-8, 302 ¢ variants only noted by Evetts . Cylinder 81—2-4, 42 . Cylinders, VA (Vorderasiatische Abteilung der Kénigl. Museen zu Berlin) 7616, 7508, 7509, published in Keztlschrifttexte aus Assur, historischen Inhalts (hereafter KAH), II, No. 120 , Four campaigns 1. K 4492, published C7’, XXVI, Plate 39; earlier by Meissner and Rost, Die Bawin- schriften Sanheribs (hereafter M-R), Plate 13 2. Fragment of Prism, VA 8436, published KAH, II, No. 121. (This seems to be a dupli- cate of D1.) K. Five campaigns 1. BM, No. 103,000, published CT, XXVI, Plates 1-37. Dated in the limu of Ilu-ittia of Damascus (694 B.c.). Variants 102,996, and K1674 on Plate 38. 2. Bull Inscription, published, Layard, Inscriptions, Plates 61 f. 3. Rock Inscriptions on the Jidi Dagh, published, King, PSBA, XXXV (1918), 66 f. Panels I-VIII given as a, b, c, ete. Or Be CO bb is) 20 THE SOURCES 21 F. Six campaigns 1. 2. Bull Inscriptions, published IIIR, 12 f. (=Bull Inscription No. 4 of Smith, History) Bull Inseriptions, 1, 2, and 3 of Smith, History, pp. 3 f., 30f., 51 f., 67 f., 86 f., 88 f. G. Seven campaigns H. Eight campaigns is 5. 6. The “Taylor Prism,” published IR, Plates 37f., and in the different editions of Delitzsch’s Assyrische Lesestiicke. Dated in the limu of Bél-emuranni (691 B.c.) Variants noted by Bezold in KB, II, 80f., are given as Hla (=H2), H1b (=H3), ete. . The Oriental Institute Prism, herein published. Dated in the limw of Gahilu (689 B.c.) . The Bavian stela inscriptions, published IITR, Plates 14f. (A collated text of IL. 43-54 is given in King, Records of the Reign of Tukulti-Ninib, I, 114 f.) . The Nebi Yunus Slab, published IR, Plates 43 f., and Smith, History of Sennacherib, pp. 7f., 39f., 68f., 86f., 102f., 111f., 129F. Broken Alabaster tablet, VA, 3310, published in Vorderasiatische Schriftdenkméiler (hereafter VS), I, No. 77. K2673, Seal of Tukulti-Ninib, republished by King in op. cit. (under H3), pp. 163 ff. T. Miscellaneous building inscriptions and epigraphs . Bull inseription, published by Layard, Inscriptions, Plates 38 f. . Foundation stela (VA 8248), published KAH, II, No. 122 . Inscription on limestone block (Assur, 10983), published in KAH, II, No. 117 . Inscription on limestone block (Assur, 10936), published in KAH, II, No. 118 . Inscription on limestone block (Assur, 11047), published in KAH, II, No. 119 . Inscription to go on a foundation stela (?), K 1356, published M-R, Plate 16 . Octagonal Stone Prism, VA 8254, published KAH, II, No. 124 . K 1635, published M-R, Plate 15 . Building inscriptions, published IR, 7, E . Building inscriptions, published M-R, Plate 10 . Building inscriptions, published M-R, Plate 9 . Building inscriptions, published M—R, Plate 10 . Inscriptions on door-sockets, 81-2-4, 1 and 2; see M-R, p. 45 and Plate 11 . Inscriptions on granite slab, published IR, 6, No. VIII, a . Inscriptions on limestone slab (VA 3132), published VS, I, No. 75 . Brick inscriptions from Assur, published KAH, I, No. 48 . K 5418a, published M-R, Plate 14 . Inscription on limestone block from Assur, published KAH, I, No. 73 . Inscription on limestone block from Assur, published KAH, I, No. 74 . Brick inscription, from Assur, published KAH, I, No. 72 . Brick inscription from Assur, published KAH, II, No. 123 . Inscription on limestone block from Assur, published KAH, I, No. 43 . Inscription on limestone block from Assur, published KAH, I, No. 44 . Inscription on limestone block from Assur, published KAH, I, No. 45 . Brick inscription from Assur, published KAH, I, No. 46 . Brick inscription from Assur, published KAH, I, No. 47 . Brick inscription from Assur, published KAH, I, No. 49 . Vase inscription from Assur, published KAH, I, No. 50. . Inscription on slabs from wall of Nineveh, published IR, 6, No. VIII B 22 THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB 30. Stela inscription from Nineveh, Smith, History, pp. 161 f.; M-R, 68f.; Paterson, The Palace of Sennacherib, Plates 3 and 4 31. K 2662, Rev. published M-R, Plate 12 32. Brick inscription from Nergal temple at Tarbisi (Sherif Khan), published, IR, 7 C; duplicates VA 3215, published VS, I, No. 74 33. Inscription on slabs from same place, published IR, 7 D 34. Cone inscription from same place, published ITIR, 3, 13 35. Brick inscription from the temple at Kakzi, published, IR, 7 H 36. A collection of epigraphs, published IIIR, 4, No. 4 37. Epigraph, Sennacherib at Lachish, published Paterson, op. cit., Plates 74-76 38. Epigraph over city of Dilbat, published Paterson, op. cit., Plate 13 39. Epigraph over city of Bit-Kubatti, published Paterson, op. cit., p. 12 40. Epigraph over unknown city, published Paterson, op. cit., Plate 39 41. Epigraph over the king in a chariot, published Layard, Inscriptions, Plate 75, E 42, Epigraph over Sennacherib receiving tribute of the marshes, published Paterson, ODSCUCED. Lo 43. Epigraph over camp of Sennacherib, published Paterson, op. cit., Plate 8 (38) A4, Epigraph over tent of Sennacherib, published Paterson, op. cit., Plates 74-76 J. Non-Assyrian Sources . Excerpts from the Babylonian Chronicle, CT, XXXIV, Plates 46 f. . Excerpts from Eusebius’ Chronicle, quoting Polyhistor (see Schnabel, Berossos, pp. 268 f.); and Abydenos (see Cory’s Ancient Fragments [new ed., 1876], p. 89) Noe The abbreviations of determinatives used in the transliterations of the following chapters are those adopted for the Assyrian Dictionary and are self-explanatory. Brackets inclose restorations; broken brackets indicate that part of the sign is preserved. The words inclosed in parentheses in the translation are either variant or literal renderings, or such additional words as are required by our idiom to make the sense of the original intelligible. CHAPTER IV THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE PRISM INSCRIPTION (H2) THE FINAL EDITION OF THE ANNALS Col. I 1. 2. 10. ibe 12. 13. 14. 15. m 4Sin(HN-ZU)-ahé?'-eri-ba raba(a)! Sarru dan-nu sar kis-Sa-ti Sar "A sSur*? Sarru . Sar kib-rat irbittim (tim)? ri-é-um it-pi- sus . mi-gir lan! rabati?! na-sir kit-te . ra--1m_-Mi-Sa-ri_e-pis %-sa-a-ti . a-lik tap-pu-ut a-ki-1 sa-hi-ru dam-ka- a-ti . td-lum git-ma-lum zi-ka-ru kar-du . a-sa-rid kal mals-ki rab-bu la-?-it . la ma-gi-ri mu-sab-ri-ku za-ma-a-ni 4A sSur sadi(a) rabi(d) sarru-ut la Sa-na-an u-Sat-li-ma-an-ni-ma ela gim-ri® a-sib pa-rak-ki t-sar-ba-a “kakké?'-ia ul-tu. tamti(A-AB-BA) e-li-ni-ti Sd Sa-lam’ *Samsi(&) a-di tam-tim Sap-li-ti 84 si-it 4Samsi (8) gim-ri_ sal-mat kakkadi t-sak-nis Se- pu-u-a 1H1 and El, om. 2F1, ti. *H1, Su, 1 2. 10. 1b 12. 13. 14. 15. 4H1 and E1, ma-al. Sennacherib, the great king, the mighty king, king of the universe, king of Assyria, . king of the four quarters (of the earth); the wise ruler (lit. shepherd, pastor’), . . favorite of the great gods, guardian of the right, . lover of justice; who lends support, . who comes to the aid of the needy, who turns (his thoughts) to pious deeds; . perfect hero, mighty man; . first among all princes, the powerful one who consumes . the insubmissive, who strikes the wicked with the thunderbolt; the god Assur, the great mountain, an unrivaled kingship has entrusted to me, and above all those who dwell in palaces, has made powerful my weapons; from the upper sea of the setting sun to the lower sea of the rising sun, all humankind (the black-headed race) he has brought in submission at my feet 5 H1 and E1, gi-mir. § Kl, Sul-mu. 24 THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB Col. I 16. LG: 18. 1. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. ol. 32. 33. 34. 30. wu mal-ki sip-su-ti e-du-ru ta-ha-ze da-dd-me-su!-un 212-21-bu-ma ki-ma su-din-ni issur® ni-gi-ts-st e-dis vp-par-su3 a-sar la >a-a-ri i-na mah-ri-e gir-ri-ia sé "Marduk (SIT)-apla(A)-iddina(na)4 Sar 'Kar-4dun-id-as a-di ummdnate*! Elamti*' ri-si-Su i-na ta-mir-ti Kis’ as-ta-kan tahta-su kabal karas-su 1-na tam-ha-ri St-a-tu_e-zib e-dis ip-par-sid-ma na-pis-tus e-ti-ir »narkabati?! sisé?! “su-um-bi parér! sa i-na kit-ru-ub ta-ha-zi v-mas-si°-ru tk-Si-da_ kdatd*-ai a-na ekalli-Su sd ki-rib Babili*i(K A-DINGIR-RA) ha-di§ e- ru-um-ma ap-te’-ma bit ni-sir-ti-Su hurdsa kaspa u-nu-ti’ hurdsi kaspi abna a-kar-tu mimma Sum-su busd makktira la ni-bi® ka-bit-tu biltu sigréti (SAL- SAB-E-GAL)?'-Su | amtiré(GAL-TE)?' ™man-za-az pa-ni amzammer é?! fzammerati”! si-hir-tt wm-ma-a-ni ma-la ba-si-t mut-tab-bi-lu-ut ekallu- us u-se-sa-am-ma_ Sal-la-tis® am-nu t-na e-muk 4A sSur 11, Su. 4H1 and El, mdMarduk 2El.om, (4AMAR-UD)-apla(TUR- : US)-iddina(na). 8 El, si. 16. ii 18. iW ED 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 26. 27. 28. 7% 30. ol. 32. 5 HI, 6 H1 and E1 insert e. OVeli hs tite and mighty kings feared my war- fare— leaving their abodes and flying alone, like the sudinnu, the bird of the cave (? cliffs), to (some) inaccessible place. In my first campaign I accomplished the defeat of Merodach-baladan, king of Babylonia, together with the army of Elam, his ally, in the plain of Kish. In the midst of that battle he forsook his camp, and made his escape alone; (so) he saved his life. 5. The chariots, horses, wagons, mules, which he left behind at the onset of battle, my hands seized. Into his palace, which is in Babylon, joyfully I entered. I opened his treasure-house:—gold, silver, vessels of gold and silver, precious stones of every kind (name) goods and property without limit (number), heavy trib- ute, his harem, (his) courtiers and officials, singers, male and . female, all of his artisans, . as many as there were, the servants of his palace, I brought out, I counted as spoil. In the might of Assur Se. 8’ Text of Hl and KB IT, ba, but Delitzsch, Lesestiicke, bi. PIL, tite THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE PRISM INSCRIPTION Col. I 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44, 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. . gammalé”! alpé?! w si-e-ni® sd la ni-bi 53. 54. béli-ia 75! aldni?'-su dan-nu-ti bit darani?”? §é 'Kal-di WU 420 aldni?® sihritir? al-me aksud(ud)8 Sd li-me-ti-Su-nu as-lu-la Sal-la-sun amUr-bi *"A-ra-mu &Kal-du Sé ki-rib Uruk Nippur™ Kis ¢Har- sag-kalam-ma? Kutu™’ Sippara®* a-di mar é”! ala bél hi-it-& u-Se-sa-am-ma_ Sal-la-tis am-nu i-na ta-ta-ar-ti-ia “TT u---mu-na amRi-hi-hu “La-dak-ku U-bu-du am Kib-ri-e “" Ma-la’-hu ¢Gu-ru-mu amU-bu-lum™ «™Da-mu-nu ™Gam-bu- lum om FT71-1n-da-ru “Ru--us-a “"Bu-ku-du am Ha-am-ra-nu? °Ha-ga-ra-nu “Na- ba-tu amTj->-ta-a0-%, A -ra-mu la kan-8ti"'-ti mit-ha-ri§ ak-Sud(ud) 208,000 nisé?! sthir rabi ztkaru Ww? zinnistu sisé?’ paré?! imér év! Sal-la-tu ka-bit-tu as-lu-la a-na ki-rib 1A SSur** i-na me-ti-ik gir-ri-ia §4"4N abti(PA)- bél-Sumate”! 1 Text of H1, 76. SHia, i. 2 H1 and E1, add (ni). 3 H1, ak-sud(ud). 4H1 and El, su-wn. 8 HI, 2. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45, 46. 47. 48. 49. 7H, lu, Hla, ru. 9X1 and H1b, insert a. 5 H1, om. det. ¢ before and adds det. * after name. 25 my lord, 75 of his strong walled cities, of Chaldea, and 420 small cities of their (within their borders), I surrounded, I conquered, their spoil I carried off. The Arabs, Aramaeans, and Chal- environs deans, who were in Erech, Nippur, Kish, Harsagkalamma, Kutha and Sippar, together with the citizens, the rebels (lit. sinners), I brought out, as booty I counted. On my return (march) the Tu’muna Rihibu, Yadakku, Ubudu Kibré, Malahu, Gurumu, Ubulu, Damunu, Gambulu Hindaru, Ru’ta, Bukudu, Hamranu, Hagaranu, Nabatu, Litéu, Aramaeans (who were) not submissive, all of them I conquered. people, great and small, 208,000 . male and female, horses, mules, asses, . camels, cattle and sheep, without number, . aheavy booty, I carried off to Assyria. . In the course of my campaign, I received from Nabi-bél-shumate, 10 Til, om: “HI adds u. 121, wu. 18 EL, sénicol, 26 THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB Col. I 55. 56. 57. 58. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. fAUR 72. 73. anki -pi°Ha-ra-ra-te! hurdsa kaspa ’mu- suk-kan-ni rabite?’ iméré?’ gammalé?' alpé?’ ua si-e-ni? ta-mar-ta-su ka-bit-tu. am-hur ba-hu- la-te® ¢Hi-rim-me “'nakri ag-si i-na “kakké?! u-Sam-kit-ma . e-du ul e-zib pag-ri-su4-un i-na ga-si-sr . a-lul-ma si-hir-tr® ali t-sal-me na-gu-% . St-a-tu a-na es-sti-ti as-bat istén(en) alpu . 10 immeré?*? 10 imér kardni 20 imér suluppt ri-Se-ti8-Su a-na ildni?'(ni) 'Assurk* bélé?'-ia U-kin dda-ri-sam i-na Sané(e) gir-ri-ia 4A SSur be-li 4-tak- kil-an-ni-ma a-na mat °"Kas-si-1 u mat “Ia-su-bi- gal-la-av $é ul-tu ul-la a-na Sarrdni?™ abé?'-ia la kit-nu-su8 lu al-lik ki-rib hur-sa-a-ni zak-ru-te ekil nam-ra-st t-na sist ar-kab-ma vnarkabat sépat-ia i-na_ ti-ck-ka-te® U-Sa-A8-8t . as-ru Sup-su-ku i-na sépad@-ia ri-ma- nis at-tag-gis eBit-Ki-lam-za-ah ‘Ha-ar-dis-pi eBit-Ku-bat-ti = aldni?™9-Su-nu bit dtiradni?'(nz) rl Wt Wg 5 Hla, om. 2 El, sénicol, 3’ H1 and E1, te. 4H1 and E1, Su. 8 Hl, Su. 55. 56. ‘afte 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. . In my second campaign, Assur my 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 6 H1 and E1, te. 7H1 and E1, add (nz). governor of the city of Hararate, gold, silver, great musukkani-trees, asses, camels, cattle and sheep, as his onerous contribution. The warriors of Hirimme, wicked enemies, I cut down with the sword. Not one escaped. Their corpses I hung on stakes, surrounding the city (with them). That district (province) I reorgan- ized: One ox, 10 lambs, 10 homers of wine, 20 homers of dates, its choicest, (as gifts) for the gods of Assyria, my lords, I established for all time. lord, encouraged me, and against the land of the Kassites and the land of the Yasubigallai, who from of old had not been sub- missive to the kings, my fathers, I marched. In the midst of the high mountains I rode on horseback where the terrain was difficult, and had my chariot drawn up with ropes: where it became too steep, I clam- bered up on foot like the wild-ox. The cities of Bit-Kilamzah, Hardishpi and Bit-Kubatti, their strong, walled cities, 9 H1 and E1, insert a. 10 H1, adds (nz). Col. 74, 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. Col. THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE PRISM INSCRIPTION I dan-nu-ti' al-me aksud(ud) nigé?! sisé?! paré?' iméré?! alpé?! wt si-e-ni? ul-tu kir-bi-Su-un %-se-sa-am-ma Ssal- la-tig am-nu wu aldni?s-su-nu sihriti?’ sé ni-ba la 1-8-4 ab-bul ak-kur v%-se-me kar-mes bit séri kul-ta-ri mu-sa-bi-su-nu i-na> girrt ak-mu-ma ti-tal-lig u-Se-me ui-tir-ma °Bit-" Ki-lam-za-ah Su-a-tu a-na al® bir-tu-ti as-bat eli Sé tém(um)? pa-ni déirdni?'-Su u-dan-nin-ma II . nse?! matate ki-sit-ti kata*“-ca ina libbi8 t-Se-Sib . nisé?? mat *Kas-si-i u mat “Ta-su-bi- gal-la-av . &é la-pa-an “kakké?!-1a ip-par-sid-du . ul-tu ki-rib Sadi(i) %-Se-ri-dam-ma . i-na “Har-dis-pi *Bit-Ku-bat-ti v-sar- me . i-na kata osi-ul-rési-ia ¢"bél prhati cAr-rap-ha . am-nu-sus-nu-ti nara %-se-pis-ma . li-d-tum ki-sit-ti kdtad™ sda eli-Su-un . as-tak-ka-nu si-ru-us-su V-sa-as-tir-ma 171, te. LAs bey & 2F1, sénicol, 5 El, ina. 3 H1, adds (nz). § K1, om. 74 75. 76. 77. 78. to, 80. 81. 82. . I placed (lit. counted) them. 27 I besieged, I captured. People, horses, mules, asses, cattle and sheep, I brought out from their midst and counted as booty. And their small cities, which were numberless, I destroyed, I devastated, I turned into ruins. The houses of the steppe, (namely) the tents, wherein they dwelt, I set on fire and turned them into (a mass of) flames. I turned round, and made that Bit-Kilamzah fortress,— I made its walls stronger than they had ever been before,— into a . and settled therein people of the lands my hands had conquered. . The people of the land of the Kas- sites and the land of the Yasubi- gallai, . who had fled before my arms, . I brought down out of the mountains and . settled them in Hardishpi and Bit- Kubatti. . Into the hand(s) of my official, the governor of Arrapha, Thad a stela made, and . the might of my conquering hand which I had . established upon them, I had in- scribed thereon. 7E1, a-me. 8 H1 and E1, lib-bi. 9 HI, Su. 28 THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB Col. II 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. . gim-ri mati-su rapastim(tim) ktimas 2 16. ING 18. 19; 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 26. 27. 28. i-na kir-bi ali ul-ziz pa-an ni-ri-va a-tir-ma a-na ‘El-li-pi as-sa-bat har-ra-nu el-la-mu-ti-a "Is-pa-ba-a-ra sarru-sti'- un aladni?'-Su dan-nu-tt bit ni-sir-ti-Su u-mas-sir-ma a-na ru-ki-e-ti? in-na-bit as-hu-up ¢Mar-i-bis-ti “A k-ku-ud-du aladni?'(nt) bit Sarru-ti-su a-di 34 aldni?! sthritr?! Sa li-me-ti-Su-nu al-me aksud(ud)* ab- bul? ak-kur i-na® girrt ak-mu nisé?’ sthir rabi zikaru u zinnistu sisé?! paré?’ iméré?’ gammalé”! alpé?' wv si-e-ni’ a-na la mi-nam as-lu- lam-ma a-di la ba-si-i t-sa-lik-si-ma %t-sa-hir® mat-su “Si-si-ir-tu aldni?'(ni) dan-nu-ti a-di aldni?’ sihritr?? ¢Ku-um-ma-ah-lum? Sa li-me-ti-Su-nu . Bit-Ba-ar-ru-W! na-gu-u® a-na gi- mir-ti-Su ul-tu ki-rib mati-su ab-tuk-ma elv. mi- srr Assur® u-rad-di °El-en-za-as a-na al sarru-ti!- ti uw dan-na-at na-gi-e si-a-tu as-bat-ma 1 H1 and E1, Su. 2 Hl, te. 3 H1, ki-ma. 4H1, ak-Sud(ud). 5 HI, bu-ul. 6 E11, ina. TEI, sénicol, 107}1, om. 10. Le 12. 13. 14. . Over the whole of his wide land I 16. If: 18. bE 20. Jal 22. 23. 24. 26. 27. 28. 8 Hla and E1, -ah-hi-ir. 9 See p. 68, n. 1. In the midst of the city 1 set it up. The front of my yoke I turned (that is, I turned about) and took the road to the land of the Elippi. Before me (my approach) Ispabara, their king, forsook his strong cities, his treasure- houses (cities), and fled to distant (parts). swept like a hurricane. The cities Marubishti and Akkuddu, his royal residence-cities, together with 34 small cities of their environs, I besieged, I cap- tured, I destroyed, I devastated, I burned with fire. The people, great and small, male and female, horses, mules, asses, camels, cattle and sheep, without number, I carried off. I brought him to naught, I diminished his land. Sisirtu and Kummahlum, strong cities, together with the small cities of their environs, . the district (province) of Bit-Barrd in its totality, I cut off from his land and added it to the territory (lit. border) of Assyria. Elenzash I turned into the royal city and stronghold of that district. El, wu. 2 H1 and EK, w. 13 AI adds ki. iA, om. THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE PRISM INSCRIPTION 29 Col. IT 29. 30. ol. 32. 33. 34. 30. 36. Oo”. 38. aSF 40. 41. 42. 43. tt. Sum-su mah-ra-a ti-na'-kir-ma °Kar- md Sin-ah é?'-eriba* at-ta-bt ni-bit-su Sit-ti kdtdt-ia niséP’ matdti® ki- i-na lib-bi v%-se-sib i-nat "Sti-ut-r est-ta abél pihatt ‘Har-har am-nu-ma v- rap-pis ma-a-tt i-na ta-ia-ar-ti-ia sé 'Ma-da-ai® ru- ku-te? Sd i-na Sarrdni®® abé?'-ia ma-am-man la 1s-mu-% zi-kir mati-su-un man-da-ta-su-nu ka- bit-tu am-hur a-na ni-ri be-lu-ti-ia %-Sak-ni-su-nu-ti 29. 30. ol. 32. 33-35. On my return, I 30. I changed its former name, calling its (new) name Kar-Sennach- erib.!® Peoples of the lands my hands had conquered I settled therein. To my official, the governor of Harhar, I handed it over (counted it). Thus I extended my land. received the heavy tribute of the distant Medes, whose name no one among the kings, my fathers, had (ever) heard. To the yoke of my rule I made them submit. i-na Ssal-st gir-ri-ia a-na ‘Hat®-ti lu 37. In my third campaign I went against al-lik the Hittite-land.”° ™Lu-li-c sar ‘Si-du-un-ni pul-hi me- 38. Lulé, king of Sidon,—the terrifying lam-me splendor (lit. terrors of splendors) be-lu-ti-ta is-hu-pu-si’-ma a-na ru- 39. of my sovereignty overcame him and uk-kitt far off ka-bal!? tam-timin-na-bit®-ma sad-da“- 40. into the midst of the sea he fled. Su e-mid (There) he died. ‘Si-du-un-nu rabi(u) ‘%Si-du-un-nu 41. Great Sidon, Little Sidon, sthru® ¢Bit-2i-it-ti® *Za-ri-ib-tu" “Ma-hal-li-ba 42. Bit-Zitti, Zaribtu, Mahalliba, U-si-t *Ak-zi-bi ¢Ak-ku-t 43. Ushu, Akzib, Akko, aldni®'-Su dan-nu-ti —_—bit-diirdniv''8 ~~ 44. _his strong, walled cities, where there a-sar ri-i-te were supplies (lit. fodder and drink- ing places), 1H1 and El, nak. 8 H1 and El, add (ni). 1 1, si-th-ru. 2 Vars. have different ideograms. 9 H1 and E1, Ha-at. 16 H1 and E1, te. 3E1, matatirl. WEL, Su. WHA, ti. 4H1 and E1, insert katd¢u after ina. u 1a, te. 18 H1, adds (nz). 5 Hlc, inserts w. 6 Hla, Mad-ai. 7H1, tt; E1, inserts wu. 12 H1 and El, kabal. 18 Hla, kir(bis). 14 H1 and EJ, om. 19 Sennacherib-burg. 20 Here, as frequently in the late Assyrian inscriptions, Syria 30 Col. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49, 50. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB II au mas-ki-ti bit tuk-la-te!-Su ra-sub-bat ~kakki 4A SSur béli-ia_ is-hu-pu-su?-nu-ti-ma Su? Se-pu-t-a ™Tu-ba--lum® i-nat “kusst Sarru-w-tt eli-Su-un %-Se-sib-ma biltu man-da-tu® be-lu-ti-ca Sat-ti-Sam la ba-at-lu v-kin st-ru-us-su tk-nu- 4 ™Mi-in-hi-im-mu_ *“Sam-si-mu-ru- na-ar . ™Tu-ba-?-lum’ *Si-du-un-na-at . ™Ab-di-li--tt *A-ru-da-at . ™U-ru-mil-ki ‘Gu-ub-la-ai . ™Mi-ti-in-tti *Az-du-da-at . ™Bu-du-ilu ®& Bit ™Am-ma-na-at . ™Kam-mu-su-na-ad-bi 'Ma-?-ba-at . ™4 VM alik-ram-mu 'U-du-wm-ma-ai . Sarrdni?" "A murri® ka-li-su-un igisi-e Sad-lu-tz . ta-mar-ta-su-nu ka-bit-tu a-di ribé-su a-na mah-ri-va 18-St-nim-ma 18-Si-ku sépat-ia vw ™Si- id-ka-a Sar °Is-ka-al-lu-na sd la tk-nu-sul! a-na ni-ri-ia tldni?! bit-abi-su! sa-a- Su! asgat-su mar é?'-Su mdrdate?'-su- ahé?'-su zér bit-abi-Su as-su-ha-ma” a-na"A ssur'*%-ra-as-sus ™Sarru-lu-da'-ri mar ™Ru-kib-ti Sarru- Su-nu mah-ru-a 1H1 and E1, tv. 21 and El, Su. 31 and E1, lu. 41, ina. ®°H1, om. 8H1, Bit. 91, om. 45, 46. 49. 50. dol. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 6 E11, inserts at. 7HI1 and El, lu. 10 H1 and El, add (ni). for his garrisons,—the terrors of the weapon of Assur, my lord, overpowered them and they bowed in submission at my feet. . Tuba’lu I seated on the royal throne 48. over them, and tribute, gift(s) for my majesty, I imposed upon him for all time, without ceasing. From Menachem, the Shamsimu- runite, Tuba’lu, the Sidonite, Abdi-liti, the Arvadite, Uru-milki, the Gublite, Mitinti, the Ashdodite, Budu-ilu, the Beth-Ammonite, Kammusu-nadbi, the Moabite, Malik-rammu, the Edomite, kings of Amurru, all of them, numer- ous presents, as their heavy tribute, they brought before me for the fourth time, and kissed my feet. But Sidka, king of Ashkelon, who had not sub- mitted to my yoke,—the gods of his father- house, himself, his wife, his sons, his daughters, his brothers, the seed of his father-house, I tore away and brought to Assyria. Sharru-lu-dari, son of Rukibti, their former king, UBL, Si. 2 1, inserts, am. 8 El, -ras-si. 1441, inserts a. b HI, wu. Col. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. Mae 12. ca 74. ry 76. rings 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. Col. THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE PRISM INSCRIPTION II eli nisé”! *Is-ka-al-lu-na as-kun-ma na-dan bilti kat-ri-e be-lu-ti-ia e-mid- su-ma i-Sa-a'-al?_ ap-sSa-a-ni_ i-na_ me-ti-ik gir-ri-1a °Bit-Da-gan-na ‘La-ap-pu-t ¢Ba-na-ai-bar-ka °A-su-ru alani?'(ni)§ Sa ™Si-id-ka-a $4 a-na sépa*-ia dr-his la ik-nu-sut al-me aksud(ud) as-lu-la Sal-la-su-un® amSakkanaké?! rubite?! wu nigé?! “Am- kar-ru-na Sd ™Pa-di-i Sarra-su-nu bél a-di-e wv ma-met $a 'assSur™ bi-ri-tu® parzilla 1d-du-ma a-na ™Ha-za-kt-a’-% 'Ta-t-da-at id-di-nu-su nak-rig a-na an-z0l-lt 1-str- Su ip-lah lib-ba’-Su-un Ssarrdm?”® 'Mu- sul-r7 amsabé?' “kaste “narkabdte?! sisé?! Sd Sar ‘Me-luh-hi" e-mu-ki® la ni-bi tk-te-ru-nim-ma_ il-li-ku ri-su-su-un a-na ta-mir-tt °Al-ta-ku-% el-la-mu-t'4-a_ si-id-ru Sit-ku-nu III . U-sa-a?-lu “kakké?'-Su-un i-na tukulti- (tz) “Assur . béli-ca 2t-ti-Su-un am-da-hi-is-ma as-ta- kan 1 Hl, om. 6 E1, tu. 2 El, da. 7 HI, ia, H1a, ta-a. 31, om. 8 E1, libba. 4E1, du. 9H1 and El, add (nz). * HI, sun. 10 Fl, ws. 66. 67 68 69 (8 72. 73 74. 75. 3l I set over the people of Ashkelon and I imposed upon him the payment of tribute (in the form of) presents to my majesty. He accepted (lit. bore) my yoke. the course of my campaign, Beth-Dagon, Joppa, Banaibarka, Asuru, cities of Sidka, who had not speedily bowed in submission at my feet, I besieged, I conquered, I carried off their spoil. The officials, nobles and people of Ekron, who had thrown Padi, their king, bound by (lit. lord of) oath and curse. of Assyria, into fetters of iron and In 76-77. had given him over to Hezekiah, 78 80. 81 82 83 the Jew,—he kept him in confinement like an enemy,— they (lit. their heart) became afraid, . and called upon the Egyptian kings, the bowmen, chariots and horses of the king of Meluhha (Ethiopia), a countless host, and these came to their aid. In the neighborhood of Eltekeh, their ranks being drawn up before me, they offered battle. ald of Assur, (Trusting) in the . my lord, I fought with them and 11 and Hila, ha. 2 El, kt. 18 H1, inserts ws, and E1, ri-su-us- su-un. 4 Kl, wu. 32 THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB Col. III 3. 10. iy 13. 14. 10. Wie 18. 1g; 20. 21. tahtad-su-un °bél “narkabdte?! u mar é?! Sarre . ‘Mu-su-ra-at a-di *bél “narkabdati?! Sa Sar 'Me-luh-hi! . bal-tu-su-un i-na kabal tam-ha-ri tk- su-da kdtat"-ai °Al-ta-ku-@ °Ta-am-na-a al-me aksud(ud) as-lu-la_ Sal-la-sun’ a-na ‘Am-kar-ru-na ak-rib-ma *"sakkanaké?! *rubtite?! sd hi-it-tu u-sab-su-t a-duk-ma i-na di-ma-a-ti® si-hir-tt ali a-lul pag-ri-su-un mdr é?! ali e-pis an-nt UW kil-la-tt a-na Ssal-la-ti am-nu . s2-zt-tu-te-Su-nu la ba-bil hi-ti-te Ww kul-lul-ti $a a-ra-an-su-nu la ib-su-t ak-bt ™Pa-di-t Ssarra- US-SUT-SU-UN Su-nu . ul-tu ki-rib ¢Ur-sa-li-im-mu® t-Se-sa- am-ma i-na’ “kusst be-lu-ti eli-Su-un t-Se-sib- ma | man-da-at-tu be-lu-ti-ia u-kin si-ru- US-SU u "Ha-za-ki-a-t 'Ta-ti-da-ar Sa la tk-nu-su’ a-na ni-ri-ia 46 alani?'- Su dan-nu-te bit-dirdni?’® wu li-me-ti-su-nu alanw’ sthritr?’ sa $d ni-ba la i-su-t i-na Suk-bu-us a-ram- me 11 and Hla, ha, 2H1 and El, w. 31, su-un. 4H, w. Daa like 12. TEI, ina. 8H, su. 6 E1, and Hle, ma. 10. Lie 13. 14. 15. 16. iW fe 18. 19: 20. 21. . brought about their defeat. The Egyptian charioteers and princes, . together with the charioteers of the Ethiopian king, my hands took alive in the midst of the battle. Eltekeh (and) Timnah I besieged, I captured and took away their spoil. I drew near to Ekron and slew the governors and nobles who had committed sin (that is, rebelled), and hung their bodies on stakes around the city. The citizens who sinned and treated (Assyria) lightly, I counted as spoil. . The rest of them, who were not guilty (carriers) of sin and contempt, for whom there was no punishment, !°— I spoke their pardon. king, I brought out of Jerusalem, Padi, their set him on the royal throne over them and imposed upon him my kingly tribute. As for Hezekiah, the Jew, who did not submit to my yoke, 46 of his strong, walled cities, as well as the small cities in their neighborhood, which were without number,—by levelling with battering-rams( ?) * E1, adds (ni) and has word before dannii. 10 Or, against whom there was no charge. THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE Col. III 22. uw kit-ru-ub su-pi-i! mit-hu-us? zu-uk Sépit 23. pil-si nik-si wu kal-ban-na-te al-me aksud(ud) 24. 200,150 nisé?! sihir rabit zikaru w' zinnistu 25. sisé?! paré?! iméré?! gammalé?! 26. alpé?!’ w si-e-ni® Sd la ni-bi ul-tu kir- bi-Su-un 27. u-Se-sa-am-ma sal-la-tis am-nu Sa-a-Su kima issur ku-wp-pi 28. ki-rib ¢Ur-sa-li-im-mué al Sarru-ti-su 29. e-sir-Su? chal-su?! eli-Su v%-rak-kis-ma 30. a-si-e abul ali-su %-tir-ra ik-ki-bu-us aldni?'-su 31. sd as-lu-la ul-tu ki-rib mdati-su ab-tuk- ma 32. a-na ™M?i-ti-in-ti Sar °Az-du-di 33. ™Pa-di-i Sar *Am-kar-ru-na wu ™Silli- bél 34. Sar °Ha-zi-ti ad-din-ma %-sa-ah-hir® mat-su 35. e-le biltt mah-ri-ti na-dan® méti(tz)-su- un 36. man-da-at-tu kat-ri-e be-lu-ti-ia %-rad- di-ma 37. u-kin si-ru-us-Su si-t ™Ha-za-ki-a-% 38. pul-hi me-lam-me be-lu-ti-ia is-hu-pu- SuU-ma 39. “™ur-bi ue" sdbé?'-Su damkiti”! $d a-na dun-nun® 40. °Ur-sa-li-im-mu al sarru-ti-su t-Se-ri- bu-ma 171, e. 5H, sénicol, 2H1, gu. 6 El, ma. ?H1, u. TEI, 3d. ‘Fl, u. 8E1, hi-ir. 22. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. ol. 32. 33. 34. OO. 36. 37. 38. ae: 40. PRISM INSCRIPTION 33 and by bringing up siege-engines( ?), by attacking and storming on foot, . by mines, tunnels and breaches( ?), I besieged and took (those cities). 200,150 people, great and small, male and female, horses, mules, asses, camels, cattle and sheep, without number, I brought away from them and counted as spoil. Himself, like a caged bird I shut up in Jerusalem his royal city. Earthworks I threw up against him,— the one coming out of the city-gate, I turned back to his misery. The cities of his, I had despoiled, I cut off from his land and to Mitinti, king of Ashdod, Padi, king of Ekron, and Silli-bél which king of Gaza, I gave. I diminished his land. I added to the former tribute, And (thus) and laid upon him the giving (up) of their land, (as well as) imposts— gifts for my majesty. As for Hezekiah, the terrifying splendor of my majesty overcame him, and the Urbi (Arabs) and his mercen- ary(?) troops which he had brought in to strengthen Jerusalem, his royal city, 91, da-an. 10 K1, adds un. 11, Su. 2 H1 and El, nu-un. 34 THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB Col. III 41. 42. 43. 44, 46. 47. 48. 49. ol. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. ir-St'-% bat-la-a-tr? it-ti 30 bildt hurdsa 800 bilat kaspa ni-sik-ti gu-uh-li dag-gas-si “"sandé rabite?’ ~“irsér! simnne “kussi?! ni-me-di sinnt masak pire sin pire , . usu “urkarinnu mimma sum-su ni- sir-tu® ka-bit-tu3 u mardti?'-Ssu Sigréti?'(?)-Su ™zam- mer éP! fzammerdte?’ a-na ki-rib Ninua* al be-lu-ti-ia arki-ia %-se-bi-lam-ma a-na na-dan man-da-at-te* wu e-pis ardu-ti-ti 18-pu-ra rak-bu-su . t-na ribé(e) gir-ri-ia 4A SSur be-li v-tak- kil-an-ni-ma um-ma-na-te-ia_ gab-sa’-te ad-ki-ma a-na 'bit-"La-kin a-la-ku ak-bi i-na me-ti-ik gir-ri-va sé ™St-zu-bt %”Kal-da’-ai a-sib ki-rib "a-gam-me i-na’ °Bi-it-tu-t-tu® as-ta-kan tahtd-su su-t har-ba-su? tahdzi-1a eli-su im- kut-ma at-ru-ku lib-bu'-su ki-ma az-za-ri e-dis tp-par-sid-ma ul in-na-'mir! a-Sar-Su? pa-an ni-ri-ia u-tir-ma 41, 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49, 50. 51. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. deserted him (lit. took leave). In addition to the 30 talents of gold and 800 talents of silver, (there were) gems, antimony, jewels(?), large sandu-stones, couches of ivory, house-chairs of ivory, elephant hide, ivory (lit. elephant’s “‘teeth’’) ebony(?), boxwood(?), all kinds of valuable (heavy) treasures, as well as his daughters, his harem, his male and female musicians, (which) he had (them) bring after me to Nineveh, my royal city. To pay tribute and to accept (lit. do) servitude, he dispatched his messengers. In my fourth campaign Assur, my lord, gave me courage, and I mustered my numerous armies and gave the . command to proceed against Bit- Yakin. paign I accomplished the overthrow of Shuzubi, the Chaldean,—who sat in the midst of the swamps,— at Bitdtu. That one,—the terror (lit. ague, chills) of my battle fell upon him, and broke his courage (lit. tore his heart) ; like a eriminal( ?) he fled alone, and his place was seen no more. The front of my yoke I turned and In the course of my cam- 1El, Su. ’>H1 and E1, insert a. 9H, su. 2H, te. 6 K1, da. 10 H1 and E1, ta-ha-zi. = 1) ti. 7 EI, ina. El and H1a, libbu. 4H1 and E1, ti. ® Hia, i. Col. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. (ee 72. 73. 74. 75. THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE PRISM INSCRIPTION Ill a-na 'Bit-"La-kin as-sa-bat har-ra-nu Mi-t =™*Marduk-apla-iddina(na) sa i-na' a-lak gir-ri?-ia mah-ri-e tahté-Su as-ku-nu-ma %-par- ri-ru el-lat-su. ri-gim “kakké?'-ia dan-nu-te u ti-ib tahdzi-va 12z-2t e-dur-ma ildni?’ ma-sal mati-su i-na Subti-su-nu id-ki-ma ki-rib “elippdte®’ u-sar-kib-ma_ a-na ‘Na-gi-te-rak>-ki4 Sa ka-bal tam-tim is-su-rig tp-pa-ris ahé?'-Su zér Obit-abi-Su Sd U-mas-si®-rua-hi tam-tim a-di si-it-ti nisé?' méati-su ul-tu ‘Bit- ™Ia-kin( ?) ki-rib "a-gam-me u ap-pa-ra-a®-te ti-se- sa-am-ma Sal-la-tis am-nu %-tir-ma aldni?'-Su ab- bul ak-kur u-Se-me kar-mes eli bél sa-li-me-su sar 'Klamti** na-mur-ra-tum’ at-bu-uk i-na ta-ia-ar- ti-7a md A §Sur-na-din-sum mdra tar-bit bir-ki-1a i-na “kusst be-lu-ti-su %-Se-sib-ma ris-tu-% rapastum(tum) '"Sumeri u& Akkadi* a-sad-gil pa-nu-us-su? i-na hansé gir-ri-ia ba-hu-la-te °Tu- mur-re 1E1, ina. 2E1, girri. on CO On <2) 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. (ale 72, 73. 74, 75. 35 . to Bit-Yakin I took the way. . That (same) Merodach-baladan, whose defeat I had brought about . in the course of my first campaign, and whose forces I had shattered, —the roar of my mighty arms and the onset of my terrible battle he feared and he gathered together the gods of his whole land in their shrines, and loaded them into ships and fled like a bird to Nagite-rakki, which is in the middle of the sea. His brothers, the seed of his father-house, whom he had left by the sea-shore, together with the rest of the people of his land, I brought out of Bit-Yakin, (from) the midst of the swamps and cane- brakes, and counted as spoil. I turned about and ruined and devastated his cities: I made them like ruin-heaps. Upon his ally, the king of Elam, I poured out terror. On my return, I placed on his (Merodach-Baladan’s) royal throne, Assur-nadin-shum, my oldest son, offspring of my loins (knees). I put him in charge of the wide land of Sumer and Akkad. In my fifth campaign, the warriors of Tumurru, 3 H1, ra-ak. 4 The text of this and preceding line was abbreviated in E1. 5 H1, ma-Se. 6 H1, om. 7K, tu. 8H, %. ® Hla, adds equivalent of ‘‘Rassam,’’ Il. 59, 60. See p. 60. 80. 81. Col. . ‘Ku-u'-a THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB ey . “Sa-ru-um! ¢H-za?-ma °Kib-su °*Hal- gid-da cKa-na sd kima_ kin-ni nasri’ a-sa-rid issuré! si-ir zuk-ti *¢*Ni-pur sadi(z) mMar-st . &u-bat-sun’ sit-ku-na-at-ma la kit-nu- Su’ a-na ni-rr® i-na sépt %4Ni-pur ka-ra-si u-sa-as- kin-ma at-ti °"mutir pu-ti Sépat"-ia na-as'-ku-te IV 1 wu osabé?! tahdzi®-ia la ga-me-lu-ti 9 fee 10. Ii: . hur-ri . a-Sar a-na - aA-nNa a-na-ku kima rimi tk-di pa-nu-us-su- un as-bat Sadi (2) na-hal-li na-ad-bak?® me-li-e . mar-su-tt i-na “kussi as-ta-am"-di-ch “kusst Sup-sti-ku i-na Sépat"-va as-tah-id™ . kima' ar-me a-na zuk-ti sa-ku-ti® si- TU-US-SU-UN . e-li a-sar bir-ka-ai ma-na-ah-tu 1-sa-a Sadi(i) vu-sib-ma_ méP? ma Saky a-a-di ka-su-te™ si-ir aban su-um-me-ia lu as-ti i-na ubandat”! hur-Sa-a-ni kan tah-ta-su-un aldni?'-Su-nu aksud-ma ar-di-Su-nu-ti-ma_ as-ta- as-lu-la §al-la-sun" 1 He, Sa-ar-ma. 2 E1, inserts a. 3’ H1 and El, % 471, su-un. 5 El, Si. 6 H1 and E1, insert 7. 7E1, as 9E1, ba-ki. SOOT ELON es 76 ti Sharum, Ezama, Kibshu, Halgidda, Kua (and) Kana, whose abodes 78-79. were set on the peak of Mt. 80. ails 10: Li § Hi and E1, ta-ha-zi. Nipur, a steep mountain, like the nests of the eagle, king of birds, (these people) were not submissive to my yoke. I had my camp pitched at the foot of Mt. Nipur and with my picked body-guard and my relentless warriors, . I, like a strong wild-ox, went before them (led the way). . Gullies, mountain torrents and water- falls, dangerous cliffs, I surmounted in my sedan-chair. Where it was too steep for my chair, I advanced on foot. Like a young gazelle I mounted the high(est) peaks in pursuit of them. Wherever my knees found a resting- place, I sat down on (some) mountain boul- der and drank the cold water from the water-skin (to quench) my thirst. mits of the mountains I pursued them and brought about their overthrow. Their cities I cap- tured and I carried off their spoil, To the sum- 13 H1, te; El, inserts 2. 1441 and El, tt. 1 E1 and H1g, om. 16 1, su-un 1A, hi-id, E1, hi-dam. 21, ki-[ma]. THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE PRISM INSCRIPTION Col. IV 12. 13. 14. 16. Lis 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. ab-bul! ak-kur i-na? girrt ak-mu pa- an ni-ri-ia u-tir-ma si-ir ™Ma-ni-ia-e sar ‘Uk-ki 'Da-ai-e la kan-se as-sa-bat har-ra-nu ur-hi la pi-tu-ti tu-di pa-as-ku-ti sd la-pa-an Sadé?' — mar-su-tt ul-la-nu-ti-a_ki-rib- Su-un ma-am-man la il-li-ku sarréni?” pa- ni mah-ru-ti i-na sép 4A-na-ra u& Sadi(di-1)* dan-nu-tr ka-ra-si. %-Sa-as-kin-ma a-na®-ku 7-na sad J y-a “kusst ni-me-dt it-ti *"sdbé”! ta-ha-zi-ia git-ma-lu-ti i-na ne-ri-bi-su-un pi-ku-ti Sti-nu-hi-1s e-ru-um-ma = mar-si-ig ___e-te-el-la-a ubdndt?! Sadi (2)4 pa-as-ka-a-te® su-% ™Ma-ni-ia-e tur- bu-? sépa™ ummanate?-ia e-mur-ma Uk- ku al Sarru-ti-si e-zib-maa-naru-ki-e-ti in-na-bit °Uk-ku al-me aksud(ud) as-lu-la mimma sum-su busi makkiru Sal-la-su ni-str-ti. ekalli-su ul-tu kir-bi-e§-si u-Se-sa-am-ma Sal-la-tis am-nu Ww 33 aldni? (ni)! Sd pa-a-ti na-gi-Su¥ aksud®-ma nisé?! iméré?4 alpér! 1E1, bu-ul. 2 Kl, ina. 3 H1, adds (ni). 4 H1 and El, Sadér!. 5 H1, ana. 6 Hi and El, éi. 7E1, A of HJ-A missing. 8 H1 and E1, Su. Oo” 12. I destroyed, I devastated, I burned with fire. The front of my yoke 13. I turned. Against Maniae, king of Ukku, 14. of the land of Daie, who was not sub- missive, I took the road. 15-17. Before my day, none of the kings who lived before me, had traveled the unblazed trails and wearisome paths which (stretch) along these rugged mountains. 18. At the foot of Mt. Anara and Mt. Uppa, mighty mountains, 19. I had my camp pitched, and I, on a house-chair, 20. together with my seasoned warriors, 21. made my wearisome way through their narrow passes 22. and with great difficulty climbed to the highest peak of the mountains. 23. That Maniae saw the clouds of dust raised by the feet of my armies, 24. abandoned Ukku, his royal city, 25. and fled to distant parts. 26. I besieged Ukku, I captured (it) and took away its spoil. All kinds of goods and merchandise, 27. the treasure of his palace, 28. I carried away from it, and counted as booty. Furthermore, 33 cities 29. within the bounds of his province I captured. People, asses, cattle 9 H1 and El, om. 10H, Su. 1 {1 and El, om. 2 B11, li-me-ti-su for nagisu. 18 1, adds (ud); E11, ak-Sud(ud). 4 E1, has nisér! alpép! w& si-e-ni imérévl as-lu-la ab-bu-ul ak-kur ina girri ak-mu. 38 THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB Col. IV 30. 3l. 32. 33. 34, 35. 36. of. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44, 45. 46. 47. au si-e-nt ul-tu kir-bi-su-un as-lu-la ab-bu-ul ak-kur t-na girrt ak-mu V2? VYA a-na Sisst Lla-kin gir-ri-ia_si-it-ti nisé?’ 'Bit- Sé la-pa-an “kakké?'-ia dan-nu-te* kima pu-ri-me ig-ru-ru tldni?’ ma-sal mati-su-un i-na Subte’-su-nu id-ku-ma tam-tum rabitum(tum) sé si-it Sams e-bi-ru-ma i-na °Na-gi-tit sad 'Hlamti** id-du-t Su-bat-sun i-na “elippati”’ 'Hat-ti tam-tum lu e-bir ‘Na-gi-tu® ‘Na-gi-tw-di->-bi-na ‘Bil-la-tu> u 'Hu-pa-pa-nu na-gi-e sé 'Elamti* aksud(ud) ; mise?’ 'Bit-la-kin -adi ildni?'-Su-nu uw niger! a-di 'Hi-il-mu Sd Sar 'Elamti™ as-lu-lam-ma la e-zi-ba mul-tah-tu ki-rib “elippati?! u-sar-kib- ma a-na a-ha-an-na-a t-se-bi-ra-ma %-Sa- as-bi-ta har-ra-an 'ASssur** alan?’ Sa ki-rib NA-Gi-e Sa-tu-nu ab-bul ak-kur i-na girrt ak-mu a-na tilli u kar-me ti-tir i-na ta-ia-ar-ti-ia "Sti-zu-bu mar Babilt®* sad i-na e-si-tt ma-a-te® be-lu-tu’ 30. dl. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. Be: 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45, 46. 47. 1 Here follows account of Cilician campaign in E1. ei, 8’ KI-KU. According to KB II, p. 101, variants of H1 have parakki. races and sheep, I carried away from them as spoil. I destroyed, I devastated and I burned (them) with fire. In my sixth campaign, the rest of the people of Bit-Yakin, who had run off before my powerful weapons like wild asses, who had gathered together the gods of their whole land in their shrines, had crossed the great sea of the rising sun and in Nagitu of Elam had established their abodes; in Hittite (Syrian) ships I crossed the sea. Nagitu Nagitu-di’bina, together with the (lands of) Hilmu, Billatu and Hupapanu, provinces of Elam, I conquered. The people of Bit-Yakin, together with their gods, and the people of the king of Elam, I carried off— not a rebel (lit. sinner) escaped. I had them embarked in vessels, brought over to this side, and started on the way to Assyria. those provinces I destroyed, I devastated, I burned with fire. To tells and ruins I turned (them). On my return, Shuzubu, the Babylonian, who during an up- rising in the land See pp. 61f. The cities which were in ASW Fai 6 H1, matt. BL ii Col. 48. 49, 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE PRISM INSCRIPTION IV ‘Sumeri ut Akkadi*: ra-ma-nu-us ti-tir- ru i-na tahdz® séri tahtad-su as-kun bal-tu- su i-na katat™ as-bat-su Sum-man-nu w_ bi-ri-tu parzille ad-di-si-ma a-na 'AsSsur** u-ra-as-Su Sar Sd idat-Su is-hu-ru-ma il-li-ku ri-su-su® tahtd-su as-kun elldte?'-Su t-sap-pi-ih-ma_ v-par-ri-ir pu-hur-su i-na sibé(e) gir-ri-ia 4A Sur be-lé t-tak- kil-an-ni-ma a-na 'E-lam-ti* lu-al-lik ‘Bit--Ha-?-7-ri 'Hlamti** Ve. ¢Ra-sa-a aldni?™ sé mi-sir "A Ssur* Sd i-na tar-st abi-ia e®-la-mu-t e-ki-mu da-na-nis i-na me-ti-ik gir-ri-ia aksud(ud)? as-lu-la Sal-la-sun saber! Si-lu-ti-ia u-se-rib ki-rib-su-un a-na mi-sir ; 1A SSur™* v-tir-ra®-ma kata “rab ¢hal- su Déri* am-nu °Bu-bi-e (Dun-ni-4Samag “Bit- ™Pi-si-1a ¢Bit-ah-la-me-e ‘Du-ru °Kal-te-su-la-at °Si-li-ib-tu °Bit-A-su-si_ *Kar-"Zér°- ikisa(sa) ¢Bit-"Gi-is-st_ *Bit-"Kdt-pa-la-ni ¢*Bit- ™Im-bi-1a ¢‘Ha-ma-a-nu °Bit-"Ar-ra-bi°Bu-ru-tu 65. SH), a. 5H1, adds (ni). 2 H1, ta-ha-az. 6 H1, ome-, 3 H1, inserts us. 7H1, akSud-ma. 41, Elamti*i, 8 H1, ram. 48 49, 51. 52. 53. 54. 50. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 39 . had turned to himself the rule of Sumer and Akkad, I accomplished his defeat in a battle of the plain (open battle). . I seized him alive with my (own) hands, I threw him into bonds and fetters of iron and brought him to Assyria. of Elam, who had gone over to his side and had aided him, I defeated. His forces I scattered and I shattered his host. In my seventh campaign, Assur, my lord, supported me, and I advanced against Elam. cities of) Bit-Ha/’iri (and) Rasa, cities on the border of Assyria which the Elamite had seized by force during the time of my father,— in the course of my campaign I conquered and I despoiled them. I settled my garrisons therein, The king (The and restored them to the borders of Assyria, I placed them under (in hand of) the commandant of Dér. (The cities of) Bubé, Dunni-Shamash, Bit-Risia Bit-ahlamé, Duru, Kalte-sulai Shiibtu, Bit-Asusi, Kar-Zér-ikisha, Bit-Gissi, Bit-Katpalani, Bit-Imbia, Hamanu, Bit Arrabi, Burutu 9H1, MU=sSum, 10 H1, om. 40 Col. 66. 67. 68. 69. ~] =) col a Fee FS I | > OO B® © DN He _~ — . ~I a 81. Col. . ™Kudur-Na-hu-un-du %”H-la-mu-t . im-kut-su hat"-tum st-at-tt aldni?'-su THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB IV eDim-ti'-sad-"Su-la-ai *Dim-ti'-sd- md M dr-biti-e tir (ar) ¢Har-ri-as-la-ki-e ‘“Rab?-ba-ai cRa-a-su °‘Ak-ka-ba-ri-na °Til--U-hu- a ‘Ha-am-ra-nu °Na-di-tu a-di aldni?'- (nz)8 . §é ni-ri-bi Sd °Bit-"Bu-na-ki ¢Til-"Hu- um-bi . “Dim-ti'-sd-"Du-me-ilu “Bit-" U-bi-ia . ‘Ba-al-ti-li-sir °Ta-gab-li-sir . Sd-na-ki-da-te® “Ma-su-tt Sap-li-ti® “Sa-ar-hu-di'-ri °A -lum-sd-b élit-bite Bit-A hév'-cddina(na) °Il-te-vi-ba 84 sthrtte?' alan?! dan-nu-tt a-di aldni?® &d li-me-ti-Su-nu §d ni-ba la i-su-% al-me aksud(ud) as-lu-la_ sal-la-sun ab-bul ak-kur i-na girrt ak-mu ku-tur nak®-mu-ti- Su-nu . kima 2 kab-ti pa-an samé(e) rap-si-ti u-Sak-ti-im" 1§-me-ma ki-sit-tt aldni?'- Su V . a-na dan-na-a"?-te® %-s§e-rib su-t ‘“Ma- dak-tu' . al Sarru-ti-su e-zib-ma a-na °Ha-i-da-la 1H, ¢«Di-in-tu. LP We Wg 37 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. far 72. 73. 74, 75. 76. Ces 78. 12 80. rel aT ra. 7H1, inserts e. oi som: 8 H1, adds (ni). 41, cDi-in-tu. 9 H1, na-ak. 5 H1, a-tt. 10 1, tim. . he brought into the strongholds. Dimtu-sha-Sulai, Dimtu-sha-Mar- biti-etir Harri-ashlaki, Rabbai Rasu, Akkabarina Tel-Uhuri, Hamranu, Naditu, together with the cities of the passes of Bit-Bunaki, Tel- Humbi, Dimtu-sha-Dume-ilu, Bit-Ubia, Balti-lishir, Tagab-lishir, Shanakidate, the lower Masutu, Sar-hudiri, Alum-sha-bélit-biti, Bit-ahé-iddina, Ilte-uba, 34 strong cities, together with the small cities of their environs, which were count- less, I besieged, I conquered, I despoiled, I destroyed, I devastated, I burned with fire, with the smoke of their conflagration I covered the wide heavens like a hurricane. The Elamite, Kudur-nahundu, heard of the overthrow of his cities, . terror overwhelmed him, the (people of) rest of his cities He himself . left Madaktu, his royal city, 171, ha-at. BSH onts BHI, ti. 14 Al, te. THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE PRISM INSCRIPTION 4] Col. V 5. Sa ki-rib Sadé?" rtikaiti?! is-sa-bat har- ra-nu 6. a-na ‘Ma-dak-ti? al Sarru-ti-Su a-la-ku ak-bi 7. arah tam-ti-ri kussu dan-nu e-ru-ba- am-ma 8. Sa-mu-tum ma-at-tum %-Sa-az-ni-na zunneéP! sa 9. zunné?! w sal-gi? na-ah-lut na-ad-bak Sadi(z)! a-du-ra 10. pa-an ni-ri-ia %-tir-ma a-na Ninuak as-sa-bat 11. har-ra-nu i-na t-me-sui-ma i-na ki-bit 4A ssur béli-ia 12. "Kudur-*Na-hu-un-du® sar 'Elamti* 3 arhér! 13. ul u-mal-li-ma i-na tme(me)® la si-7m- ti-Su 14. ur-ru-hi-is* = im-tu-ut arki-su ™Um- man’-me-na-nu 15. la ra-as té-e-me wu mal-ki 16. ahu-su dup-pu-us-su-% i-na “kussi-su u-sib-ma 17. i-na Samné(e) gir-ri-ia arki ™St-zu-bi as-si-hu-ma 18. maré?’ Babile** gallé?’ lim-nu-ti abullani?! ale 19. u-di-lu tk-pu-ut lib-ba-Su-nu —a-na e-pis tukmate 20. ™Sti-zu-bu °™Kal-dd-ai id-lum dun- na-mu-U 21. sé la 1-su-t bir-ki ““ardu da-gil pa-an ambél pihati 1H1, Sad-di-t. 21, te. 3 HI, gu. 4H, li. 5H, di. 6 H1, t-uwm. on 10. LE; 12. 15. 14. iF. 16. We 18. 19: 20. Al. and took his way to Haidala which is in the distant mountains. I gave the word to march against Madaktu, his royal city. . The month of rain, (with) extreme cold set in and the heavy storms sent down rain upon rain and snow. I was afraid of the swollen mountain streams; the front of my yoke I turned and took the road to Nineveh. At that time, at the com- mand of Assur, my lord, Kudur-Nahundu, the king of Elam, in less than three months (lit. did not fill three months) died suddenly before his appointed time (lit. on a day not of his fate). After Him, Umman-menanu, who possessed neither judgment, his younger(?) brother, sat on his throne. In my eighth campaign, after Shuzubu had revolted, and the Babylonians, wicked devils, had closed the city-gates,—their hearts planning resistance; Shuzubu, the Chaldean, a weakling hero, who had no knees, a slave, subject to the governor of sense nor 7H, id. 8 H1, ma-an. 42 THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB Col. V 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. ol. oz. 30. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. eLa-hi-ri °"A-ra-me hal-ku mun-nab- ti: a-mir da-me hab-bi-lu. si-ru-us-Su tp-hu-ru-ma ki- rib "a-gam-me u-ri-du-ma %-sab-si-u si-hu a-na-ku ni-tum al-me-su?-ma nap-sa-tus t-si-ka la-pa-an hat-lti % ni- ib-ri-te8 a-na 'Klamti** in-na-bit ki-t ri-kil-te wu kil-la-tt si-ru-us-Su— ba-si-1—-ul-tu ‘Hlamti* i-hi-Sam-ma ki-rib Sti-an-na*i e-ru-ub bid wre hag At Phi a-na la si-ma-ti*-su i-na “kussi U-Sse- Si-bu-su be-lut® ‘Sumeri wv 'Akkadi*‘ 4-ad-gi-lu pa-ni-Su bit nisirti S4 E-sag-ila ip-tu-ma hurdsa kaspa $4 “Bél w 4Sar-pa-ni7-tum busd bit aldni”'-Su-nu U-Se-su-nt a-na ™Um-man-me-na-nu sar 'Hlamti* Sd la 1-8u-% té-e-mu u mail-ku8 u-se-bi-lu-us da-?-ti pu-uh-hir um-man-ka di-ka-a kards-ka a-na® Babili** hi-sam-ma 1-da-a-nt 1-zi- 12-Ma tu-kul-ta-ni lu at-ta si- %EH-la-mu-t Sd i-na a-lak gir-ri-ia mah-ri-ti sd 'Hlamte** alani?'-u ak-Su-du-ma t-tir-ru a-na kar-me 1771, tu. 5 1, lu-ut. 21, bi. CHT, Us Hi he 7 HI, bani. ds By ey 2 8 Hl, ki. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. ol. 32. 33. 34. 37. 38. 39. the city of Lahiri,—about him there gathered the fugitive Arameans, the run-away, the murderer, the robber. marshes they descended and made rebellion. But I surrounded him completely. I pressed him to the life. Through fear and hunger he fled to Elam. When plotting and treachery were (hatched) against him (there), he hastened from Elam and entered Shuanna. The Babylonians placed him on the throne,—for which he was not fitted, and entrusted to him the government of Sumer and Akkad. The treasury of the temple Esagila they opened and the gold and silver belonging to Bél (Marduk) and Sar- panit, the property of the temples of their gods they brought forth and to Umman-menanu, king of Elam, who possessed neither sense nor judgment, they sent them as a bribe (saying): Into the . “Gather thy army, prepare thy camp, 36. haste to Babylon, come to our aid (lit. stand at our side), for thou art our trust.”’ That Elamite, whose cities I had conquered and turned into ruins on my former campaign against Elam, °H1, om. 10 A, Sud. THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE PRISM INSCRIPTION Col. V 40. 41. 42. 43. 44, 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. lib-bu-us ul th-su-us da-?-ti am-hur-su-nu-ti-ma = ummédndte??-su kards-su t-pa-hir-ma »~narkabdati?! “su-wm-bi e-st-ra sisé?! paré?" is-ni-ka si-in-di-su 'Par-su-as ‘An-za-an 'Pa-se’-ru ‘El-li-pi ¢La-az- an om Ta-kab-rat “"Ha-ar-zu-nu “™Du-um- mu-ku amSu-la-ai = ™Sa-am®-t-na —s mdr md VM arduk(SIT)-apal(A)-iddina(na)® 'Bit-nA-di-ni 'Bit-"A-muk-ka-na 'Bit- mSil-la-na 'Bit-"Sa-a-la-ti-ti-ak-ki om Bu-ku-du amCam-bu-lum t8-a anU-bu-lum *”Ma-la-hu “Ra-pi-ku om Hi-in-da-ru— *™ Da-mu-nu rabi(%) ik-te-ra it-ti-Su gi-vb-si-su-un t-ru-uh ‘La-hi-ru om FH a-la-tum? am Ry->- kit-ru tAkkadi** is-ba-tu-nim-ma Babili®* te-bu-ni a-di ™St-zu-bi °"Kal-dd-ai Sar Babili* a-na a-ha-mes ik-ru-bu-ma_ pu-hur- Su-nu in-nin-du ki-ma ti-bu-ut a-ri-bi ma-?-dt Sd pa-an Sat-tt mit-ha-ris a-na e-prs tuk-ma-te? te-bu!- ni si-ru-w-a a-nNa 43 40. without thinking (lit. his heart did not consider) 41. received the bribes from them, gath- ered his army and camp, 42. collected (his) chariots and wagons, hitched (his) horses 43. and mules to them. Parsuash 44, Anzan, Pasheru, Ellipi, the men of Yazan, 45. Lakabra, Harzunu, Dummuku, The lands of 46. Sulai, Samuna, the son of Merodach- baladan, 47. the lands of Bit-Adini, Bit-Amuk- kanu, Bit-Sillana, 48. Bit-Salatutu-akki, the city of Lahiru, the men of Bukudu, 49. Gambulum, Halatum Ru’ua, 50. Ubulum, Malahu, Rapiku, 51. Hindaru, vassal host 52. he called to his side. them 53-55. took the road to Akkad. Draw- ing nigh to Babylon, they exchanged courtesies with Shuzubu, the Chal- dean king of Babylon, and brought their host to a stand. 56. Like the onset of locust swarms (many locusts) of the springtime, 57. they kept steadily coming on against me to offer battle. Damunu,—an enormous The masses of THI tu. 5 H1, inserts >. SRT etze 2H1, ummdndte*! rl, 6 H1, 4AMAR-UD-T UR-US-iddina(na). 10 H{1, inserts wv. HI, &. MS WSS Fe Iu. Aa an SIO, Gh 44 THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB Col. V 58. 59. 60. 61. 63. 64. 65. 67. 68. 69. epire?’ §épat-Su-nu ki-ma! zt kab-ti? Sé dun-ni e-ri-ia-ti® pa-an Samé(e) rap- Su-te* ka-tim® el-la-mu-ti-a ina °Ha-lu-li-e 8é ki-sad "I diglat Sit-ku-nu si-dir-ta pa-an mas-ki-ia sab-tu-ma . U-sa->-lu “kakké?'-Su-un a-na-ku a-na 44 Sur 4Sin 4Sama’ *Bél ¢Nabi 4Nergal aT Star $4 Ninua** 47 Star §é4 “Arba-ilu wldni”! ti-ck-li-ia a-na ka-sa-di *nakri dan-nt am-hur- Su-nu-li-ma . su-pi-e-a ur-ru-hi-ts® is-mu-% il-li-ku ri-su-tt la-ab-bis an-na-dir-ma_ at-tal- bi-sa si-ri-ia-am hu-li-ia-am si-mat si-il-te? a-pi-ra ra-su-t-a i-na “narkabat tahdazi-va 0. sir-ti sa-pi-na-at za-?-1-rt i-na ug-gat 71. lib-bi-ia_ ar-ta-kab ha-an-tig “kastu dan-na-ti? . 8d *Assur U-sat-li-ma i-na kdata*-ia as-bat . “tar-ta-hu pa-ri-- nap-sa-ti® at-muh rit-tu-u-a . st-ir gi-mir um-ma-na-te® na-ki-ri lim- nu-te . a-me-is zar-bis” al-sa-a kima ¢Adad as-gu-um 1H1, kima. 2 H1, te. 3 H1, inserts a. Hil, t. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. (fs 72. 73. 74, 75. 5 HI, ti-im. STM (aks With the dust of their feet covering the wide heavens like a mighty storm with (its) masses of dense (lit. pregnant) clouds, they drew up in battle array before me in the city of Halulé, on the bank of the Tigris. They blocked my passage and offered battle. As for me, to Assur, Sin, Shamash, Bél, Nabt, Nergal, Ishtar of Nineveh, Ishtar of Arbela, the gods in whom I trust, . I prayed for victory over the mighty foe. They speedily gave ear to my prayers and came to my aid. put on (my) coat of mail. (My) helmet, emblem of victory (battle), I placed upon my head. My great battle chariot, which brings low the foe, I hurriedly mounted in the anger of my heart. The mighty bow which Assur had given me, I seized in my hands; the javelin, piercing to the life, I grasped. Against all of the hosts of wicked enemies, I raised my voice (lit. cried out), rumbling like a storm. Like Adad I roared. Like a lion I raged I 7 HI, tum. 8 H1, te. 9 H1, a-tt. 0 H1, zar-bis t-me-i8. Col. 76. (re 78. #9. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. Col. THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE PRISM INSCRIPTION V i-na ki-bit *Assur béli rabi béli-ca a-na Sid-di ut pu-tr? kima ti-ib me-hi-e Sam-ri a-na ?nakri a-zi-ik i-na “kakke?’ ¢Assur béli-ia uw ti-ab tahdzi-ia vz-20 7-rat-su-un a-ni--ma suh-hur-ta-su-nu as-kun ummanate??? na-ki-ri i-na us-st mul- mul-li u-sa-kir-ma gim-ri *™pagré?'-su-nu %- pal-li-sa : tam( ?)-2t-2i-18 ™ 4Hu-um-ban3-un-da- sa ?"nagirut Sd Sar 'Elamti** id-lum pit-ku-du mu- ma->-ir ummandte?'-su tu-kul-ta-Su— rabii(v) a-di “rabite? '-su $a patar sib-bi hurdsi sit-ku-nu wu i-na Seméré?! as-pt hurdst ru-us-si-t ruk-ku-sa rit-ti-Su-un ki-ma sv-a-ri ma-ru-ti §é na-du-t% Sum-man-nu VI ur-ru-hi-is® G-pal-lik®-su-nu-ti-ma_ as- ku-na tah-ta-su-un ; ki-Sa-da-te-Su-nu u-na'-kis az-lis® ak- ra-a-t? nap-sa-te-Su-nu t-par-ri-? gu-u-1s ki- ma” mili gab-si Sé Sa-mu-tum si-ma-ni uw mun- ni-Su-nu u-sar-da-a si-ir wr-si-tt Sa-di-il-ti4 la-az-mu-te 1H, w. 5 HI, fis. 2H1, te. 6 H1, om. 3 H1, ba-an. THI, nak. 41, °"na-gi-ru. 8 H1, li-cs. 76. fee 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86-87. and 88. 45 At the word of Assur, the great lord, my lord, on flank and front I pressed upon the enemy like the onset of a raging storm. . With the weapons of Assur, my lord, and the terrible onset of my attack, I stopped their advance, I succeeded in surrounding them, I decimated the enemy host with arrow and spear. All of their bodies I bored through like—. Humban-undasha, the field-marshal of the king of Elam, a trustworthy man, commander of his armies, his chief support, together with his nobles who wear the golden girdle-dagger (wrists) encircled with heavy (thick?) rings of shining gold,— like fat steers who have hobbles put on them,— whose hands are . speedily I cut them down and estab- lished their defeat. . I cut their throats like—, I cut off their precious lives (as one cuts) astring. Like the many waters . of a storm, I made (the contents of) their gullets and entrails run down upon the wide earth. prancing My DSW Ve Kohany (oe 101, kima. 11 1, te. 46 THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB Col. VI 6. G 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 16. Lis 18. 19. 20. 21. mur-ni-is-ki si-mit-tt ru-ku-bi'!-ia i-na da-me-su-nu gab-su-tr t-Sal-lu-% = ‘%ndri-1§ = $4 vnarkabat tahdzi-1a . sa-pi-na-at rag-gi wu si-nt da-mu w pir-su . ri-it-mu-ku ma-gar-ru-us pag-rt_ ku-ra- di-Su-nu ki-ma ur-ki-tt t-mal-la-a séri sa-ap- sa-pa-te a-na-kis-ma_ bal-ta-su-un a-bu-ut ki- ma bi-ne kig-Se-e si-ma-ni t-na-kis® ka-ti-Su-un Seméré?! as-pt hurdst kaspi (KI- SAG)4 ib-bi Sa rit-ti-Su-nu am-hur i-na nam-sa-ri zak-tu-ti: hu-za- AaN-N1-SU-NU . u-par-ri-? patré?’ sib-bi hurdsi kaspi Sa®° kablé?'-Su-nu e-kim m dNabi-sum-iskun(un)? si-tt-ti =—§ *"rabiaite?"-Su® = a-di mar ™ ¢Marduk-apla-iddina(na) sda la-pa-an tahdzi8-ia vp-la-hu vd-ku-t 1da*"-*Su-un bal-tu-su-un ina kabal tam-ha-rz it-mu-ha kdtat’-ar “narkabdate?’ a-di sisé?'-si-na $d t-na kit-ru-ub tahdzi® dan-ni ra-ki- bu-sin" di-ku-ma U S-NAa MUS-SU-TA-MA TA-MA-NU-US-SiN 1H1, pt. 21, wv. 3H1, ak-kis. 5 HI, sd. 6 Text of H1, Su-nu. 7 HAI, 28-kun. 6. Un 10. Li ips 13. 14. 16. 17. 18. a! 20. 21. 8 H1, ta-ha-zi. 9 HI, t-da. 10 H1, ta-ha-zi. steeds, harnessed for my riding, plunged into the streams of their blood as (into) a river. The wheels of my war chariot, . which brings low the wicked and the evil, . were bespattered with blood and filth. With the bodies of their warriors I filled the plain, like grass. (Their) testicles I cut off, and tore out their privates like the seeds of cucumbers of Siwan (June). hands I cut off. The heavy(?) rings of brightest gold which (they had) on their wrists I took away. With sharp swords Their . I pierced their belts and took away the girdle-daggers of gold and silver which (they carried) on their persons. The rest of his nobles, together with Nabt-shum-ishkun, son of Merodach-baladan, who had taken fright at (before) my onslaught and had gone over to their side, (these) my hands seized in the midst of the battle. The chariots and their horses, whose riders had been slain at the beginning of the terrible onslaught, and who had been left to themselves, 1H, Sin. 4 Probably wrong use of a variant of the ideogram KI-SI-GA, kasdpu. Col. 22. 23. 24. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. ol. 32. 33. 34. 30. THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE PRISM INSCRIPTION VI it-ta-na-al-la-ka mit-ha-ri St-tir-ra a-di 2 biri mi-il-li-ku da-ak-sul-nu ap-ru-us SU-% ™Um-ma-an-me-na-nu sar ‘Hlamts** . a-di sar Babilt®* ¢na-sik-ka-ni Sa 'Kal-di a-li-kut ida*-su har-ba-su tahdzi-ia ki-ma? li-e zu-mur-sul-un ts-hu-up “za-ra-te-su-un U-mas-Se-Tru-Ma a-na st-zu-ub napsdate?'-Su-nu pag-rt ummdandte’?3-su-un u-da-4-i-Sue®-ti-ku— ki-2 summatu kus-su-di i-tar-ra-ku lwb-bu-su-un s1- na-te-Su-un u-zar®-ra-bu ki-rib “narkabdaté?'-su-nu U-Mas-Se-TU-N1 zu-ut-Su-un a-na ra-da-di-su-nu ~narkabdti?' sisé?'-1a v-ma--ir arki™-su-un Sd ad-mi mun-na-rib-su-nu sd& a-na nap-sa-a- te® U-su-u 22 23. 24. 25. 26. Le 28. 29. 30. ol. 32. 3d. 34, 30. 47 . kept running back and forth (lit. going and returning) for a distance of two-double-hours,— I put an end to their headlong flight. That Umman-menanu, king of Elam, together with the king of Babylon (and) the princes of Chaldea, who had gone over to their side, the terror of my battle overturned them (lit. their bodies) like a bull. They abandoned their tents and to save their lives they trampled the bodies of their (fallen) soldiers, they fled like young pigeons that are pursued. They were beside themselves (lit. their hearts were torn) they held back(?) their urine, but let their dung go into their chariots. In pursuit of them I despatched my chariots and horses after them. Those among them who had escaped, who had fled for their lives, wherever they (my charioteers) met them, they cut them down with the sword. (See pp. 128 f. for the remainder of this document.) a-Sar 1-kas-sa-du w-ra-sa-pu_1-na vkakkt. 1H1, Si. 2 HT om, 2 Al, kima. vals ed 3H1, wm-ma-na-te. 6 H1, za. 7H, ar-ki. 8H1, Sa. THI ot, CHAPTER V THE HISTORICAL RECORDS ARRANGED CHRONOLOGICALLY I. THE FIRST CAMPAIGN (A1) . 4 Sin-ahé?'-eri-ba sarru rabi sarru]! dan-nu Sar 'Assur** sarru la Sa-na-an ri-€-um mut-nin-nu-&@ pa-lih claniv! rabite”! . na-|sir kit-tt ra--im mi-sa-ri_ el-pis u-sa-a-ti a-lik tap-pu-ut a-ki-t sa-hi-ru dam-ka-a-ti id-[lum git-ma-lum zi(text rz)-ka-ru kar-du a-sa-rid| kal ma-al-ki_ rab-bu la--it la ma-gi-rt mu-sab-ri-ku za- ma-a-nr Assur Sadi(u) rabi(%) sarru-ut la Sa-na-an %-Sat]-li-ma-an-ni-ma eli gi- a-sar-ba-a mir a-sib-— pa-rak-ki kakké?'-ta 1. Sennacherib, the great king, the mighty king, king of Assyria, king prayerful shepherd of the great without a rival; (ruler), worshipper gods; 2. guardian of the right, lover of justice, who lends support, who comes to the ‘aid of the needy, who turns (his thoughts) to pious deeds; 3. perfect hero, mighty man, first among all princes, the powerful one who con- sumes the insubmissive, who strikes the wicked with the thunderbolt ;— 4. the god Assur, the great mountain, has entrusted to me an unrivalled kingship and above all those who dwell in pal- aces, has made powerful my weapons. 5. [¢-na rés Sarru-li-ia Sd i-na “'kussi! 5. At the beginning of my reign, when (rabis %)-'St'!-bu-ma_ ba-hu-la-a-te I solemnly took my seat on the ‘Assur’? v-ma-i-ru i-na_ tas-me-e wu throne, and ruled the inhabitants of sa-li-me Assyria with mercy and grace, 6. ”(*?Marduk-apla-iddina(na) sar ‘Kar- 6. Merodach-baladan, king of Babylonia, 'dun-ta-as sé libbi-su ig-su' ba-ra-nu-t ka-ras sur-ra-a-ti e-pis li-mul-ti sa an-zil-la-sii kab(?)-tu (whose heart is wicked), an instigator of revolt, plotter of rebellion (lit. belly, mind, of rebellion), doer of evil, whose guilt is heavy, ‘Contrary to the usual procedure (see p. 22), the bracketed portions of the transliteration of ll. 1-9 of this text are not conjectural readings but restorations from a duplicate text, Ki, 1902—5-10, 1 (following Smith’s edition). In these lines I have therefore inclosed the conjectural readings in parentheses. 48 10. Ti; 12. 13. 14. 15. well known. 1Smith reads Sant rakbu. HISTORICAL RECORDS ARRANGED CHRONOLOGICALLY m Su-tur-*Na-hu-du %'E-(la-mu-% idd-s%) is-hur-ma hurdsa kaspa ni-sik- ti abnér! %-sat-lim-si-ma_ e-tir-ri-su Ikit!-ru ™|Im-ba-ap-pa °"tur-ta(-nu Sa sar ‘Hlamti**) ImT'a'-an-na-a-nu omITT Sumélu(?)! 10 rab ki-sir?? a-di mdNergal-na-sir @Su-tu-t la a-di-ru ta-ha-zu 80,000 *™|sdbé “kasi? . . . Sumeri wv a[eeises at-ti-Su-nu-ti-ma —a-na Akkadi" ig-pu-ra ri-su-(us-su! u Ssu-u |” 4Marduk-apla-iddina(na) wee Uruk’ hrduk® Kaullabu* Ke- is-sikk* “Ni-mid-4|La-gu]-da ‘Bit-"([a-kin '"Bit-"A-muk-ka-a-ni ‘Bit-"Sa-al-|li 'Bit-"Dak-ku-ri si-hir-te am Kal-di ma-la ba-si-"t' Sad kisdd "|Mar-ra-ti °Tu--mu-na amRi-hi-hu “U-bu-du °\La-dak-ku am Kib-ri-e °°" Ma-'li'-hu Sa kisdd “Idiglat ‘"Gu-ru-mu “U-bu- lu *"Da-mul-nu *Gam-bu-lu °Hi-in- da-ru *Ru--u-a °Bu-ku-du $4 kisdd" Ukni “Ha-am-ra-nu %Ha- ga-ra-nu| @Na-ba-ti %Li--ta-a-% amA-ra-mu la kan-si sa la i-'du'-t mi-[tu( ?)|-tum Wap see aar-sip >. Kutuk gi-mir 'Kar-dun-ia-as is-te-nis u-pa- hir|-ma %-|Sak-sir 'ta'-ha-zu. .... v% 10. 1 ie 12. 13. 14. 15. But the existence of such an officer is doubtful. The ‘‘second” (Sanz) or “left”? (Swmélu) tartan, as over against the 49 brought over to his side Shutur- Nahundu,? the Elamite, and gave him gold, silver and precious stones, and (so) secured him as an ally. Imbappa, tartan of the king of Elam, Tannanu, the left tartan, 10 commanders, together with Nergal- nasir, the Sutaean, who was fearless in battle, 80,000 bowmen, . . were with them, he sent to Sumer and Akkad (Babylonia) to his aid. And that (Merodach-baladan) ... . Ur, Eridu, Kullab, Kissik, Nimid- Laguda, Bit-Yakin, Bit-Amukkaéni, Bit-Salli, Bit-Dakkuri, all the Chaldeans, as many as there were, who (dwell) on the shore of (the Salt-sea), the Tu’muna, the Rihihu, the Ubudu, the Yadakku, the Kipré, the Malihu, who (dwell) on the bank of (the Tigris), the Gurumu, the Ubulu, the Damunu, the Gambulu, the Hindaru, the Ru’ua, the Bukudu, who (dwell) on the bank of (the Karha); the Hamranu, the Hagaranu, the Nabatu, the Li’tau, Aramaeans who are not submissive, who do not heed death(?), Nippur, . . . . Borsippa, Kutha, all of Babylonia, he gathered together and marshalled for the fight. . . horses which The SalSu rakbu is “right” (imnu) tartan, is a regular staff-officer of the Assryian military organization (Harper, Letters, 144, 13, II R, 31, 26-7a). 2 This should be the Ishtar-hundu of the Babylonian Chronicle, ef. p. 159, 1. 33. 16. ue 18. Lys 20. 21. 22. THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB ta-a-ti '4Sin-ahé?'-ert-ba' [sd lib]-br- [Su] 'na---du' tp-se-ti-Su lim-ni-e-ti u-Sa-an-nu-nim-ma_ la-ab-bis an-na- dir-ma ki-rib Babilc®* a-[na mah-|ri-st ak-ti-'bi! a-la-ku §u-t im-di gal-li-e lim-ni a-lak gir-ri-ia 1s-me-ma sisér! sbér! ~kastt am A[E(?)|-la-mu-% “A-ra-mu %Kal- du it-ti”"*N ergal-na-sir u 10 rab ki-sir[?! Sar(?)| "Elamtc** [tw( ?)]-tu Iga la!’ i-du mi- e-mu-ki la ni-bi it-ti-Su-nu-ti-ma %- dan-ni-in ki-is-ri-su-un ki-rib Kutak 18-te-mis t-Se-rib-ma a-na me-te-ck gir- ri-ia t-sa-an-'sir! ka-[a]-a-"nam! si-in-di-ia_ us-te-se-ra tému 20K" Sq aratSabdtu ul-tu Assur(BAL-TIL)* kima rimz gab-si mah-rit ummdanatr?'- va as-bat-ma pa-an gi-ib-si-ia ul %-sad- gil ar-'kal-a ul “i'-ki amrab-sak “"bélé-pihatr?'-ia a-na Kis* u-ru-uh sab-ta-a- u-ma->-ir mah-ru-u-a m4 M arduk-apla-iddina(na) ma e-te-ga-a dun-ni-na ma-sar( ?)-tus Su-t MbElE prihatr?'-ia e-mur-ma a-di gi-mir el-la-ti-Su Abéal *Za-md-ma us- sa-am-ma i-na ta-mir-ti Kis** t-te amrabtite?'-ia e-pu-us ta-ha-zu omrabite?'-va kit-ru-ub ta-ha-zr “™nakri eli-Su-un id-nin-ma ul 7-li-?-% ma-ha- ar-S& °™mar-sip-ri-Su-un_ Sd a-mat i-na ki-rib ta-mir-ti Kutt si-ru-u-a 1S-PU-TU-U-NL 16. Les 18. 12; 20. 21. 22. To me, Sennacherib, whose heart is exalted, they reported these evil deeds; I raged like a lion, and gave the command to march into Baby- lonia against him. That evil prop of the devil heard of my march to battle, and the horse and bowmen of the Elamites, the Aramaeans, and Chaldeans, together with Nergal-nasir and the ten com- manders of Elam, who take no heed of death( ?), who had with them a countless host,— the organization of these he perfected (strengthened), brought them all into Kutha, and (there) had a steady watch kept on the progress of my campaign. I had my teams (yokes) prepared, on the 20th day of Shabatu I set out from Assur ahead of my army, like a mighty bull; I did not wait for my host, I did not hold back. My general (and) governors I sent on to Kish, ahead of me, (with the order): ‘‘Take the road against Merodach-baladan; advance, keep a close watch over him (lit. strengthen his guard).”’ That one saw my governors, and with all of his troops sallied out of the gate of Zamama and did battle with my captains in the plain of Kish. As for my captains, the enemy’s onset of battle against them was mighty and they could not stand before him. They sent their mes- sengers for help to me (while I was) in the neighborhood of Kutha 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. HISTORICAL RECORDS ARRANGED CHRONOLOGICALLY i-na ug-gat lib-bi-ca eli Kuti** ti-bu-a- ta(text ru) as-kun-ma “™mun-dah-si sa-hi-ir déri-Su 'az'-li-cs %-tib-bi-ih- ma as-sa-bat ala sisé?! sabé?! “kasti °™E-la-me-e “A -ra- mu *™Kal-du *rab ki-sir?* (Sar ?) ‘Hlamtt®® wu ™4Nergal-na-sir a-di méaré?! alt bél hi-it-ti u-se-sa-am-ma Sal-la-ti-1s am-nu la-ab-bis an-na-dir-ma al-la-bi-1b a-bu- bi-1s it-te *"ku-ra-di-ia la ga-me-lu-te si-ris ™¢Marduk-apla-iddin(na) a-na Kis** as-ta-kan pa-ni-ia WU Su-t% e-pis lim-ni-e-tt a-ka-mu gir- ri-ia a-na ru-ki-e-ti e-mur-ma im-ku-su hat-tu gi-mir el-la-ti-Su e-zib-ma a-na 'Gu-zu-um-ma-ni in-na-bit ™Ta-an-na-a-nu a-di wm-ma-na-at am Hlamé** omKal-du wu A-ra-mu sé 1-da-a-sv 12-21-zu-ma wl-li-ku ri-su-us- su tahtaé-su-un as-kun-ma v-par-ri-ir el-Clat>-su ™A-di-nu mdr assat ™?Marduk-apla- iddin(na) a-di ™Ba-as-ka-a-nu ah fTa-ti---e Sar-rat “A-ri-bi it-ti wm-ma- na-te-Su-nu bal-tu-su-un as-bat vnarkabati?’ “su-um-bi sisé?’ paré?! imére?’ gammalé?! ”erud-ri sd ki-rib tam-ha-ri mus-si-ru tk-si-da katat-ar ina ka-te i-na hu-ud lib-bt wu nu-uwm-mur pa-ni a-na_ Bédbili** a-hi-is-ma a-na_ ekal ™’Varduk-apla-iddin(na) as-s% pa- 4, kad busi & makkirt ki-rib-Sa e-ru-ub 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29; 30. 51 In the anger of.my heart I made an assault upon Kutha; the troops about its walls I slaughtered like wild animals and took the city. The horse and bowmen of the Elamite, the Aramaeans (and) the Chaldeans, the commanders of the king(?) of Elam, as well as Nergal- nasir, together with the citizens, the rebels (lit. sinners), I brought forth and counted as spoil. I raged like a lion, I stormed like a tempest, with my merciless warriors I set my face against Merodach- baladan, (who was) in Kish. And that worker of iniquity saw terror fell upon him, he forsook all of his troops, and fled to the land of Guzummanu. Tannanu, together with the armies of Elamites, Chaldeans and Aramaeans, who had stood at his side (espoused his cause) and had come to his aid,— their defeat I accomplished and I shattered his forces. Adinu, son of the wife of Merodach- baladan, together with Baskaénu, brother of Yati’e, queen of the Arabs, along with their armies I seized as living captives. my advance from afar; The chariots, wagons, horses, mules, asses, camels, and dromedaries, which had been abandoned during the battle, my hands captured. In joy of heart and with a radiant face, I hastened to Babylon and entered the palace of Merodach- baladan, to take charge of the prop- erty and goods (laid up) therein. 52 33. 34. 37. 38. 39. . ap-te-e-ma THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB bit kaspa v-nu-ut hurdsi kaspi abné?! a- ni-sir-te-Su— hhurdsa kar-ti “irsé?! kussé?! ni-me-di ’Sa-Sa- da-di “ga-si-ru-ut Sarru-ti-su Sa th-zu- Su-nu hurdsu kaspu . mimma sum-st busi makktiiru la ni-bi ni-sir-tum ka-bit-tum assat-su sinni- Sati?’ ekalli-Su Snaplasdte?’ (2SAL- IGI-DUB-MES) ™xii-ut-r exe?! tire! amman-za-az pa-ni *zammeré?! Szam- mer étr?! anarddn®”! ekallt mu-nam-mi-ru_te-mu ru-bu-ti-su_si-hi-ir-ti wn-ma-a-ni_ ma- la ba-su-% mut-tab-bi-lu-ut ekalli-su u-Se-sa-am-ma sal-la-ti-i§ am-nu ur-ri-th-ma arki-su a-na 'Gu-zu-um- ma-ni @mun-dah-si-ia a-na_ ki-rib "a-gam-me WU ap-pa-ra-a-ti %-ma-?-1r- ma 6 t-me vt-ba-u-si-ma ul in-na- mir a-sar-st . si-te-it sisé?’ ummandte’?'-Su $d ta->-S% ma-na-ah-tum na-a-lis ip-par-si-du- su-ma la i-li-ku 1-da-a-si 18-tu ki-rib séri u ba-ma-a-ti 7s-te-nis ti-pa-hir . -na me-ti-tk gir-ri-ia °A-ma-tu °*Ha- u-a-e °“Su-pa-bu °‘Nu-ka-bu ¢Bit-"Sa- an-na-bi “Ku-ta-ai-in ‘Dir-"La-di-ni °Bi-ta-a-ti °Ba-ni-tu 'Gu-zu-um-ma-nu °‘Dtr-"La- -an-su-1t “Diir-"A-bi-ia-ta-? “Diir-"Ru- du-wm-me ‘bit-"Ra-hi-e ‘°Ha-pi-sa ‘Sa-di-clu ‘Hu-ru-du ‘Sa-ah-ri-na °Il-tu-uk °Al- la-al-lu Marad** ¢Ta-ki-mu-na ¢Ku-ub-ru-na °Bit-"Ku-dur-ri_ “Stika- 83 alan! ‘Bit- ¢Kid-ri-na (ka)-"Ma-ru-si nap-har dan-nu-ti bit dirdni?'(ni) sa ol. 32. 34. 30. 36. 38. 39. I opened his treasure-house. Gold, silver, vessels of gold and _ silver, precious stones, beds, couches, palan- quins, his royal standards(?), whose inlay was of gold and silver, all kinds of property and goods, and without number,—an enormous treas- ure, his wife, his harem, his slave- girls( ?), his chamberlains, his officials, his courtiers, the male and female musicians, . the palace slaves, who gladdened his princely mind, all of the artisans, as many as there were, his palace meni- als(?), (these) I brought forth and counted as spoil. I hurried after him, sent my warriors to Guzummanu, into the midst of the swamps and marshes and they searched for him for five days, but his (hiding) place was not found. The rest of his horses and troops, who were without a place to go, who had fled from him like hinds and had not gone with him, I gathered together from the midst of plain and highland. In the course of my march the cities Amatu, Hauae, Supabu, Nukabu, Bit-Sannabi, Kutain, Kidrina, Diir-Ladini, Bitati, Banitu, Dar-Yansuri, Diar- Abiyata’, Dir-Rudumme Guzummanu, Bit-Rahé, Hapisha, Sadi-ilu, Hurudu, Sahrina, Iltuk, Allallu, Marad, Yaki- muna Kubruna, Bit-Kudurri, Sika-Marusi, in all 33 strong, walled cities of Bit- Dakkuri with 250 hamlets within their 40. 41. 42. 43. 44, 45, 46. 47. 48. 49. HISTORICAL RECORDS ARRANGED CHRONOLOGICALLY 53 ™Dak-ku-ri a-di 250 aldni?' sihrtitir® Sa li-me-ti-su-nu ‘Dir--Ta-ni-e °Dir- mSa-ma-~ °Sa-ar-ra-ba-tu “Sa-la-ha-tu ‘Dir-"Ab-da-ai *“Sa-ap-pi-hi-ma-ri “Sib-tu sé “Ma-ak-ka-me-e nap-har 8 alan”! dan-nu-ti bit dtirani?! (nt) §é 'Bit-"Sa->-al-li a-di 120 aléni?! sthrati?! sa li-me-ti-su-nu ‘Sa-pi-a *Sa-ar-ra-ba-nu —- Larak** Parak-mar-ri(BAR.MAR.RI.KI) eBit-"Tlu-ba-ni_ °A-hu-du Sa-is-sur- 4Adad “Sd-har-ra-tt “Ma-na-ah-hu Sd-a-me-li-e ‘Dir-"Ak-ki-ia ‘Na-gi-tu ¢‘Nu-ur-a-bi-nu °Ha-ar-su-ar-ra °‘Dtr- ™Ru-uk-bi ¢Dir- ™Bir-Da-da ‘Diir-"A p-pi-e ¢Da-an-da-hul-la cBit-ri---e “(Dar-" U-qur-ri ‘Hi-in-da-i- na ‘Dir-"U-ai-it “Bit-"Ta-vi-ra-a “Sa- ap-hu-na °Bu-ha-ar-ru ‘Har-be-"Iddina(na) °Har-be-"Kal-bi Sa-bar-ri-e °Bit-"Ba-ni-ilu-ti-a °Su- la-a-du °Bit-"Il-ta-ma-sa-ma-? °Bit- ™Di-ni-ilu Da-ka-la *Ha-me-za °Be-la-a °Ta-i-ru ‘Il-ta-ra-th ‘°Ak-am (kar ?)-Sa-ki-na ‘Sa-ga-ba-tt sé ™Mar- duk-va nap-har 39 aldni?!’ dan-nu-ti sd ‘Bit- ™A-muk-ka-a-ni a-di 350 alan?’ sih- riti?! $d li-me-ti-Su-nu eBit-Za-bi-di-ia = Larsa®* Kullab* Eridu®™ Ki-ts-sik®* °Ni-mid-*La-gu-da ‘Dir-"La-ki-nt a-di °*Kar-4Nabi sa ki-sad "Mar-ra-ti ¢Kip-ra-a-nu nap-har 8 alam?’ dan-nu-tr bit dtirani®'(ni) sé 'Bit-"La-ki-ni a-di 100 v alani®! sihriti?’ sd li-me-ti-Su-nu 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 46. 47. 48, 49, borders; the cities Dair-Appé, Dar-Tané, Dir- Sama’, Sarrabatu, Salahatu, Ddtr- Abdai, Sappihimari, Sibtu-sha-Mak- kamé in all 8 strong, walled cities of Bit- Saralli, with 120 hamlets within their borders; the cities Sapia, Sarrabanu, Larak, Parak-marri (BAR.MAR.RI), Bit- Tu-bani, Ahudu, Sha-issur-Adad, Sha- harratu, Manahhu, Sha-amelé, Dir-Akkia, Nagitu, Nur- abinu, Harsuarra, Dtr-Rukbi, Dan- dahulla, Dir-Bir-Dada, Bit-r’e, Dir-Ugurri, Hindaina, Dir- Uait, Bit-Taurad, Saphuna, Buharru, . Harbe-Iddina, Harbe-Kalbi, Sha- barré, Bit-Bani-ilia, SulAdu, Bit- Iltamasama’, Bit-Dini-ilu, Dakala, Hameza, Bela, Tairu, Kipranu, Iltaratu, Akam(?)-shakina, Sagabatu-sha-Mardukia, in all 39 strong, walled cities of Bit- Amukk4ani, with 350 hamlets within their borders; the cities Bit-Zabidia, Larsa, Kullab, Kridu, Kissik, Nimid-Laguda, Dir- Yakini and Kar-Nabti which is (are) beside the Salt-sea (the Persian Gulf) in all 8 strong, walled cities of Bit- Yakin, with 100 hamlets within their _ borders; dl. qn Or THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB . nap-har 88 alani?'(nt) dan-nu-ti bit dirdni®'(nt) sd 'Kal-di a-di 820 aldni[?"| sthrati?’ Sd li-me-ti-Su-nu al-me ak-si-ud as-lu-la Sal-la-su-un §e-im suluppa 8a ki-rib ki-ra-a-te-su-nu ebtira-Su-nu sé séri wummdni?'(n2) U- §a-kil ab-bul ak-kur i-na girrt ak-mu a-na tillé?’ ma-si-t-ti U-tir , mUr-bi ™A-ra-mu “™Kal-du sd ki-rib Uruku®* Nippuru®’ Kis** Har-sag- kalam-ma** alt 'bél) [hi-d t-te! u-Se-sa-am-ma Ssal-la-ti-1§ am- a-di médré?! nu . Se-im suluppa sd ki-rib— ki-ra-a-te- Su-nu me-ris ma-na-hi-su-nu — ebtir séri ba-mat [sadé(e)-su-nu! ummanie?! (nt) u-sa-kil . ™Bél-ibni mar rab bani pi-rim Siu- an-na™: ga ki-ma mi-ra-ni sa-ah-ri ki- rib. ekalli-ia ir-bu-&% [a-na Sarru-ul ‘Akkadi u Sumert™ as-ta-kan eli-Su-un . t-na ta-ai-ar-ti-ia *"Tu--mu-na *"Ri- hi-hu °"Ia-dak-ku *U-bu-du ¢Kib- ri-[e ™Ma-li-hu “™Gu-ru-mu %”U\-bu- lu °™Da-mu-nu ™Gam-bu-lum “Hi- in-da-ru . ™Ru--u-a ™Bu-ku-du ’Ha-am-ra-a- nu #Ha-"ga'-ra-a-nu = *” Na-ba-tu am] 4-[>|-ta-a-[u “"A-ra-mu la kan- Su-ti mit-ha-\ri§ ak-Sud(ud)-ma as-lu- la sal-la-su-un . i-na me-ti-ik gir-ri-ia §4 ™4Nabi-bél- Sumate?'[*"|ki-pi °Ha-ra-ra-ti hurdsa kaspa “mul-suk-kan-ni| — rabiiti?! iméré[?? gammalé'?! alpé?' w sénice? man-da-ta-su ka-bit-tta am-hur 1 That is, a Babylonian. 50. 51. 52. 53. 56. 57. a total of 88 strong, walled cities of Chaldea, with 820 hamlets within their borders, I besieged, I conquered, I carried away their spoil. The grain and dates which were in their plantations, their harvest of the plain, I had my army devour. I destroyed, devastated and burned with fire (their towns), and turned them into forgotten tells. The Arabs, Aramaeans, Chaldeans, who were in Uruk, Nippur, Kish, Harsagkalamma, together with the citizens, the rebels (sinners), I brought forth and counted as spoil. The grain and dates which were in their plantations, the planting of their garden-beds, the harvest of their plain and highlands(?) I had my troops devour. . Bél-ibni, son of a master-builder, a scion of Shuanna,! who like a young hound had grown up in my palace, I placed over them as king of Akkad and Sumer. . On my march back, the Tu’muna, the Rihihu, the Yadakku, the Ubudu, the Kipré, the Malihu, the Gurumu, the Ubulu, the Damunu, the Gambulu, the Hindaru, the Ru’ua, the Bukudu, the Hamranu, the Hagaranu, the Nabatu, the Li’tau,—Aramaeans, who were not submissive, all of them, I captured and I carried off as spoil. In the course of my campaign, I received the heavy tribute of Nabi- bél-shumate governor of Hararati,— gold, silver, great musukkanni-trees, asses, camels, cattle and sheep. 59. 60. 61. 62. HISTORICAL RECORDS ARRANGED CHRONOLOGICALLY . ba-hu-la-te °Hi-rim-me *nakru ag-su $d ul-tu ul-la a-na Sarrdni?'(nt) abé?'-ta la tk-nu-sv i-na “kakki u-sam-kit-ma na-pis-tum ul e-zib na-gu- Ssu-a-tu a-na es-si-ti as-bat istén(en) alpa 10 immeré?' 10 imér kardna 20 imér suluppa ri-se-te-Su a-na gi-ni-e wlan?’ "Assurk* bélé?'a u-kin da-ri-sam at-tt 208,000 sal-lat nisé?' ka-bit-tum 7,200 sisé?! paré?! 11,078 iméré?! 5,230 gammalé?! 80,050 alpé?' 800,100 séniee' zinnisdte?’ (lahrdte?') a-tu-ra a-na ki- rib Assur** e-2ib nisé?! iméré?’ gammalé?! alpé?! u sénie®’ is-"tul wmmdndte’’'-ia_ e-bu-ku- nim-ma a-na ra-ma-ni-su-nu_ ts-ki-lu si-kal-tu wu ba-hu-la-te na-ki-ri. sip-su be-ru sa al-na ni-] ri-a la ik-nu-st i-na “kakkt a-sam-kit-ma a-lul ga-si-ses 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 55 The warriors of Hirimmu, evil ene- mies, who from of old had not sub- mitted to any of the kings, my fathers, I slew with the sword. Not a soul escaped. That district I reorganized: one ox, 10 lambs, 10 homers of wine, 20 homers of dates, of his best, as standing dues for the gods of Assyria, my lords, I established for all time. I returned to Assyria with 208,000 men, a huge spoil, 7,200 horses and mules, 11,073 asses, 5,230 camels, 80,050 cattle, 800,100 ewes. This does not include the men, asses, camels, cattle and sheep which my troops had carried off and parcelled out among themselves. And the enemy warriors, strong and proud,! who had not submitted to my yoke, I cut down with the sword and hung on stakes. (The remainder of this document, containing the record of Sennacherib’s early building activities, is given on pp. 94 f.) II. CAMPAIGNS ONE AND TWO (THE BELLINO CYLINDER B1) . ™4Sin-ahé?'-eri-ba Sarru rabai sarru dan-nu sar 'Assur** Sarru la sa-na-an ri-é-um = mut-nin-nu-% pa-lih dani?! rabiti?! . na-sir kit-t ra--im mi-sa-ri_ e-pis u-sa-a-li a-lik tap-pu-ut a-ki-v sa-hi-ru dam-ka-a-tt . id-lu git-ma-lum zi-ka-ru kar-du a-sa- rid kal ma-al-ki rab-bu la--7t la ma-gi- rt mu-sab-ri-ku za-ma-a-ne if 2. Sennacherib, the great king, the mighty king, the king of Assyria, the king without a rival; the pious ruler (shepherd), fearing the great gods; guardian of the right, lover of justice, who lends support, who comes to the aid of the needy, who turns (his thoughts) to pious deeds; . perfect hero, mighty man, first among all princes, the powerful one who con- sumes the insubmissive, who strikes the wicked with the thunderbolt :— ' The same epithets are applied to Hezekiah, cf. p. 77, 1. 21. “I 10. 1 he THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB 4A SSur Sadai(u) rabi(%) Sarru-ut la Sa-na-an %-Sat-li-ma-an-ni-ma eli gi- mir a-sib pa-rak-ki ~~ %1-Sar-ba-a ~kakk é?'-1a .t-na res sarru-ti-ia sé ™Marduk- apla-iddina(na) sar 'Kar-dun-id-as a-di ummdanat?*! Elamti** i-na ta-mir-ti Kis** as-ta-kan tahtd-su e-zib karas-su e-dig ip-par-sid-ma a-na 'Gu- i-na kabal tam-ha-ri st-a-tu zu-um-ma-ni in-na-bit ki-rib "a-gam- me Ww ap-pa-ra-a-le e-ru-wm-ma_ na- pis-tus e-ti-ir . “narkabdte?’ “su-wm-bi sisé?’ paré?! amére?? gammalé?! wu **rud-ri. Sd i-na kit-ru-ub ta-ha-zi t-mas-si-ru tk-si-da kata?-ar a-na ekalli-su sa ki-rib Babile® ha-dis e-ru-um-ma ap-te-e-ma bit ni-sir-ti-su hurdsa kaspa t-nu-tti hurdsi kaspi abna a-kar-tu. mimma sum-sii busa makktra ni-sir-tu ka-bit-tu . assat-su. sinnisdte?'-ekalli(Sigréti ?)-Su amtiy éP! amman-za-az pa-ni si-hir-tt um- ma-a-ni ma-la ba-si-t@ mut-tab-bi-lu-tu ekalli %-Se-sa-am-ma Ssal-la-tis am-nu as-bat-ma arki-su a-na 'Gu-zu-um-ma- ni *mun-dah-si-ia a-na ki-rib "a-gam- me wu ap-pa-ra-a-te %-ma--ir-ma 6 a-me i-pa(ba)-ru-nim-ma ul in-na-mir a-Sar-S& i-na e-muk “A ssur béli-ia 89 alani?'(nt) dan-nu-ti bit-dtirdni?'(nt) sé “Kal-di vu 820 alani?! sihriti?! $4 li-Kme-ti>-Su-nu al-me ak-Sud(ud) as-lu-la sal-la-su-un 4. oO 10. mLy the god Assur, the great mountain, has entrusted to me an unrivalled kingship and above all those who dwell in palaces, has made powerful my weapons. At the beginning of my kingship, I brought about the overthrow of Merodach-baladan, king of Baby- lonia, together with the armies of Elam, in the plain of Kish. In the midst of that battle he forsook his camp, made his escape alone, fled to Guzummanu, went into the swamp and marshes, and (thus) saved his life. . The chariots, wagons, horses, mules, asses, camels and dromedaries which he had forsaken at the onset of battle, my hands seized. Into his palace in Babylon I entered joyfully and I opened his treasure- house :—gold, silver, vessels of gold and silver, precious stones of all kinds, goods and property, an enor- mous (heavy) treasure, his wife, his harem, his courtiers and officials, all of his artisans, as many as there were, his palace servants, I brought out, I counted as spoil, I seized. I sent my soldiers after him to Guzummanu, into the midst of the swamps and marshes, and for five days they hunted him, but his (hiding)-place was not found (lit. seen). In the might of Assur, my lord, 89 of the strong, walled cities of Chaldea, and 820 small cities of their environs I besieged, I conquered, I carried off their spoil. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. ive 18. SE HISTORICAL RECORDS ARRANGED CHRONOLOGICALLY 57 amUr-bi o™A-ra-mu wu ™Kal-du sd ki-rib Uruku®? Nippuru®* Kis** Har- sag-kalam-ma Kutu'' marér! ali bél hi-it-tv u-Se-sa-am-ma_ Sal-la- tis am-nu md Bél-ibni mar *rab bani pi-ir--u Su- an-na** sad kima mi-ra-a-nt sa-ah-ri ki-rib ekalli-ia ir-bu-t a-na sarru-ut ‘Sumeri a Akkadi*’ ag-ta-kan eli-Su-wn i-na ta-ai-ar-ti-ia °"Tu--mu-na “Ri- hi-hu °Ia-dak-ku °”U-bu-du «™Kib- ri-e @™Ma-li-hu ™Gu-ru-mu °”U-bu- lum * Da-mu-nu am(am-bu-lu *”Hi-in-da-ru %™Ru--u-a omBy-ku-du %Ha-am-ra-a-nu °Ha- ga-ra-nu *”"Na-ba-tu “Li->-ta-a-t %"A- ra-mu la kan-Su mit-ha-ris ak-sud(ud) 208,000 nisé?! zik-ru zinnistu 7,200 sisé?' uw paré?’ 11,073 iméré?' 5,230 gammalé?! §0,100 alpé?’ 800,500 sénie®! gal-la-tu ka-bit-tu as-lu-la a-na ki-rib Assur** i-na me-ti-ik gir-ri-ia sa ™4Nabi-bél- Sumate?! °"ki-pr *Ha-ra-ra-ti hurdsa kaspa “mu-suk-kan-ni rabiite?! imér ér! gammalé?! alpé?! w séni°?! ta-mar-ta-Su ka-bit-tu am-hur ba-hu-la-ti °Hi-rim-me *nakru ak-su &é ul-tu ul-la a-na ni-ri-ia la kit-nu- si i-na “kakki t-sam-kit-ma na-pis- tu ul e-zib na-gu-% Sst-a-tu a-na es-su-ti as-bat istén(en) alpa 10 immeré?’ 10 imér kardna 20 imér suluppa_ ri-se-te-su a-na tldni?'(n2) ‘A ssur** bélé?'-ca u-kin da-ri-sam 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. Li 18. Wes The Arabs, Aramaeans and Chaldeans who were in Erech, Nippur, Kish, Kutha, with the citizens (of these places), the rebels (sinners), I brought out, I counted as spoil. Harsagkalamma, together Bél-ibni, the son of a master builder, a scion of Shuanna (Babylon), who had grown up in my palace like a young hound, I set over them as king of Sumer and Akkad. On my return (march), the Tu’muna, Rihihu, Yadakku, Ubudu, Malihu, Gurumu, Ubulu, Damunu, Kipré, Gambulu, Hindaru, Ru’fa, Bukudu, Hamranu, Nabatu, Li’tau,—Aramaeans (who were) not submissive, all quered. 208,000 people, male and female, 7,200 horses and mules, 11,073 asses, 5,280 camels, 80,100 cattle, 800,500 sheep, an enormous spoil, I carried off to Assyria. In the course of my campaign, I received Nabt-bél-shumate, governor of the city of Hararate, Hagaranu, Or ytnem: aL. con- from gold, silver, great musukkani-trees, asses, camels, cattle and sheep, as his onerous contribution. The warriors of Hirimme, wicked enemies, who from of oJd had not submitted to my yoke, I cut down with the sword. Not a soul escaped. That district (province) I reorgan- ized: One. ox, 10 lambs, 10 homers of wine, 20 homers of dates, its choicest, (as gifts) for the gods of Assyria, my lords, I established for all time. 58 20. Pale 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB i-na Sané(e) gir-ri-ia “Assur be-lt %- tak-kil-an-ni-ma a-na mat *”Kas-si-t u mat Ia-su-bi-gal-la-ai *“nakri ak-si sd ul-tu ul-la a-na Sarrdni?'(ni) abé?'-ia la kit-nu-s% lu al-lik ki-rib hur-Sa-a-ni zak-ru-te ekil nam- ra-si i-na sisi ar-kab-ma “narkabat sépat-ia i-na tt-ik-ka-a-te u-Sa-as-s1 as-ru Sup-sti-ku i-na sépa@-ia ri-ma- nis at-tag-gis ¢Bit-"Ki-lam-za-ah al dan-nu-ti-su-nu al-me ak-Sud(ud) nisé?’ sihir rabit sisé?! paré?! iméré?! alpé?’ wu sénie?! ul-tu kir-bi-sv u-se-sa-am-ma Sal-la-tis am-nu aldni®'-Su-nu sihriti?’ sad ni-ba la 1-su-t% ab-bul ak-kur w-se-me kar-mes bit sért kul-ta-ri_ tu-kul-ti-Su-nu _ i-na girrt ak-mu-ma ti-tal-lig %-se-lum (for mt) u-tir-ma ‘Bit-"Ki-lam-za-ah Su-a-tu a-na bir-tu-ti as-bat eli Sd t-me pa-ni u-dan-nin a-muh-hus nisé?' méatdate ki-Sit-ti kdta?-ia ina lib-bi t-se-s1b nise?’ mat Kas-si-1 u mat Ta-su-bi- gal-ai $4 la-pa-an “kakké?'-va ip-par-si- du ul-tu ki-rib Sad? (<) u-Se-ri-dam-ma i- na °Har-dis-pi “bit-"Ku-bat-tt u-sar-me i-na kata’ °su-ut-rési-ia “bel pihate cAr-rap-ha am-nu-su-nu-te u-se-pis-ma_ li-i-tum_ ka-sit-ti abnun ard kata 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. In my second campaign, Assur, my lord, encouraged me, and against the land of the Kassites and the land of the Yasubigallai, wicked enemies, who from of old had not been submis- sive to the kings, my fathers, I marched. In the midst of the high mountains I rode on horseback, where the terrain was difficult, and had my chariot drawn up with ropes; where it became too steep, I clambered up on foot like the wild-ox. Bit-kilamzah, their stronghold, I besieged, I captured. People, great and small, horses, mules, asses, cattle and sheep, I brought out from its midst and counted as booty. Their small cities, which were num- berless, I destroyed, I devastated, I turned into ruins. The houses of the steppe, (namely) the tents for their protection (i.e., wherein they dwelt), I set on fire and turned them into (a mass of) flames. I turned round, and made that Bit- Kilamzah into a fortress,—I made its defences stronger than they had ever been before, and settled therein people of the lands my hands had conquered. The people of the land of the Kassites and the land of the Yasubigallai, who had fled before my arms, I brought down out of the mountains and settled them in Hardishpi and Bit-Kubatti. Into the hand(s) of my official, the governor of Arrapha, I placed (lit. counted) them. I had a stela made, 27. 28. 29. 30. ol. 32. HISTORICAL RECORDS ARRANGED CHRONOLOGICALLY Sd eli-Su-un as-lak-ka-nu_ si-ru-us-su u-sa-as-tir-ma kir-bi ala ul-ziz pa-an ni-ri-ia %-tir-ma a-na 'EIl-li-pi as-sa-bat har-ra-nu el-la-mu-u-a ™Is- pa-ba-a-ra Sarru-su-un aldn?'-su dan- nu-tt bit-ni-sir-ti-Su W-mas-sir-ma a-na ru-ki-e-ti on-na-bit gim-ri_ mati-si rapasti(ti) ki-ma zt as- hu-up °Mar-t-bis-ti ¢Ak-ku-ud-du aldni’ bit Sarru-ti-su a-di 34 aldni”! dan-nu-ti u aldni?’ sihraite?’ Sa li-me- ti-Su-nu sd ni-ba la 1-su-t ab-bu-ul ak-kur i-na girrt ak-mu-ma kiréti?'-Su-nu ak-sit ela ugaré?'-Su-un hab-su-tt sa-har-ra-tum at-bu-uk ‘EIl- li-pi a-na pat gim-ri-sa_ ar-bu-ta u-sa-lik nse?! sthir rabt zikaru wu zinnistu sisé?! paré?’ iméré?’ alpé?’ w séniee! la mi- nam as-lu-lam-ma a-di la ba-si-e %1-Sa- lik-Su-nu-tt °$i-si-cr-tu ‘Ku-um-ma-ah-lum alam”! dan-nu-ti a-di alani?! sthriti”! Sd li-me-ti-Su-nu(?) "Bit-Bar-ru-t na- gu-u a-na gi-mir-ti-Su ul-tu ki-rib mati-su ab-tuk-ma eli mi-sir 'Assur** u-rad-di ¢Hl-en-za-as a-na al sarru-ti u dan-na- at na-gi-e su-a-tu as-bat-ma Sum-su mah-ra-a t-nak-kir-ma °Kar-"4Sin- ahé?'-eri-ba at-ta-bi ni-bit-su RCfip768)n))1, 27. 28. 29. 30. ol. 32. 59 and the might of my conquering hand which I had established upon them, I had inscribed thereon. In the midst of the city I set it up. The front of my yoke I turned (that is, | turned about) and took the road to the land of the Elippi. me (my approach) Ispabdra, their Before king, forsook his strong cities, his treasure-houses (cities), and fled to distant (parts). Over the whole of his wide land I swept like a hurricane. The cities Marubishti and Akkuddu, his royal residence-cities, together with 34 strong cities and the small cities of their environs, which were without number, I destroyed, I devastated, I burned with fire. Their orchards I cut down, over their fertile( ?) fields I poured out misery. The Ellipi, in their totality, I brought to naught. The people, great and small, male and female, horses, mules, asses, cattle and sheep, without number, I carried off and brought them to naught. Sisirtu. and Kummahlum, — strong cities, together with the small cities of their environs, the district (prov- ince) of Bit-Barrd, in its totality, I cut off from his land and added it to the territory (lit. border) of Assyria. Elenzash I turned into the royal city and stronghold of that district. I changed its former name, calling its (new) name Kar-Sennacherib. 60 33. campaigns one to three. THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB i-na ta-ai-ar-ti-ia §é 'Ma-da-ai ru-ku- ti $d i-na Sarradni?'(ni) abé?'-ia ma-am- man la is-mu-u zi-kir matdti?'-su-un man-da-ta-su-nu ka-bit-l% am-hur a-na ni-ri_ be-lu-ti-ia t-Sak-ni-su-nu-ti 33. On my return I received the heavy tribute of the distant Medes, whose name no one among the kings, my fathers, had (ever) heard; to the yoke of my rule I made them submit. (Continued on p. 99) Li RECORDS WRITTEN SOON AFTER THE THIRD CAMPAIGN (THE RASSAM CYLINDER, Cl) (The text of the ““Rassam Cylinder,” written 700 B.C., became the standard text for (See pp. 23 f.) Only the closing lines of the historical section, which were omitted in the later editions, are here given.) 56. 57. 58. 59. 30 bilta hurdsa 800 bilta kaspa ni-sik-te gu-uh-li dag-gas-st "™sdndé?! rabite”! wirser! sinni Vkussé?! ni-me-di sinne masak piri sin pirt “usu “urkarinnu lu-bul-ti bir-me *“’“kitti stpdtu ta-kil- tu Sipdtu ar-ga-man-nu a-nu-ut siparrt parzillt ert andkr parzilli “narkabdte?’ ga-ba-bi as-ma- ri-e si-ri-ia-am patre?’ parzilli sib-bi pit-pa-ni wu us-si til-li G-nu-ut ta-ha-z0 Sa? ni-ba la 1-su-% it-ti mdrdte?®-su zinnisdt?!’ ekalli-su amzammeré?! Szammerdte?! i-na* ki-rib eNinua?> al be-lu-ti-ia arki-ia u-se-bi- lam-ma a-na na-dan man-da-at-tt wu e-pis ardu-t-li is-pu-ra rak-bu-su i-na_ Ssal-la-at mdtdti?’ sa-ti-na Sd as-lu-la 10,000 “kasti 10,000 “a-ri-tu® ana lib-bi-su-nu ak-sur-ma elt ki-sir? Sarru-ti-ia t-rad-di 1 C4, om. 4 C2, 3, a-na. 2 G2, 3, Sd. 5 C2, 3, 4, Ninuaki, 56. 57. 59. . together with (In addition to the) thirty talents of gold, 800 talents of silver, (there were) gems (precious stones), anti- mony, jewels(?), great sandu-stones (carnelian ?) ivory beds, house-chains of ivory, elephant hides, ivory (ele- phant’s tusks, teeth), ebony(?), box- wood(?), colored garments, garments of linen, violet and purple wool, vessels of copper, iron, bronze, lead, iron, chariots, shields, lances, armor, girdle-daggers of iron, bows and arrows, spears, countless implements of war, his daughters, his palace-women, his male and female musicians (which) he had (them) bring after me to Nineveh, my royal city. To pay tribute and to accept servitude, he dispatched his mes- senger(s). From the booty of those lands which I plundered, 10,000 bows, 10,000 shields I took therefrom and added them to my royal equipment. 3 SAL-TUR-MES, C2, 3, 4, TUR-SAL-MES. 6 C3, 4, tu. 7C8, adds rim. 60. HISTORICAL RECORDS ARRANGED CHRONOLOGICALLY si-it-ti:_ Sal-la-ti na-ki-ri_ ka-bit-tu a-na ambél prihati-ia nisé?! ma-ha-za'-ni-ia rabtite?’ ki-ma ‘ gi-mir kardsi-ia wu st-e-nt lu t-za-?-12 60. 61 The rest of the heavy booty (taken from) the enemy, I divided like sheep among my whole camp (army) as well as my governors and the citizens of my large cities. (Continued on p. 102) IV. RECORDS WRITTEN AFTER THE FIFTH CAMPAIGN (At the close of the historical section containing the standard record of campaigns one to five [see pp. 23 f.], BM, 103,000 has the account of two campaigns conducted by Sennacherib’s generals.) a) CAMPAIGN AGAINST CILICIA, 698 B.C. (BM, No. 103,000. “Gol IV 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. ay 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. (ee i-na li-mu ™Sulmu(mu)-bélu °sa-kin ¢Ri-mu-st ™Ki-ru-a “hazdnu sd *Il-lu-ub-ri amardu da-gil pa-ni-ia Sd 12-zi-bu-su land? '-Su ba-hu-la-te *Hi-lak-ki us-bal-kit-ma tk-su-ra ta-ha-zu nisé P'a-si-bu-ut “In-gi-ra-a wu °Tar-zt i-da-a-su ts-hu-ru-ma gir-rt ‘Ku-e is-ba-tu tp-ru-su a-lak-tu amsGbé?' “kastt na-si tuk-si(ki?) w as- ma-ri-e narkabati?! sisé”’ ki-sir Sarru-ti-ia U-Ma-2-t" §t-rUu-US-SU-UN Sd ba-hu-la-te ‘Hi-lak-ki 8a i-da-a-Su ts-hu-ru i-na ki-rib Sadi(t) mar-st 7is-ku-nu tah-ta-su-un °In-gi-ra-a °Ta-ar-zu ik-si-du-ma 18-lu-lu sal-la-su-un Sa-a-su ki-rib ¢Ll-lu-ub-ri_ al dan-nu- ti-su 1C4, zz. 61. 62. 63. E1) In the eponymy of Shulmu-bél, the governor of Rimusi, Kirua, prefect of Illubru, a slave, subject to me, whom his gods forsook, 64-65. caused the men of Hilakku (Cili- 66. 67. 68. 69. cia) to revolt, and made ready for battle. The people who dwelt in Ingiraé and Tarsus came to his aid (lit. side) and seized the Kue (Cilician) road, block- ing traffic. Bowmen, bearers of shield and lance, . chariots, horses, my royal host, . L sent against them. . The defeat of the men of Hilakku . who had come to his aid, . they brought about in the midst of a difficult mountain. . Ingira and Tarsus they took . and carried off their spoil. . That one they besieged and attacked in Ilubru, his stronghold 62 Col. 78. 19; 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. OL Col. Oop wb ~] THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB IV ni-tum wl-mu-si-ma is-ba-tu mu-su-st i-na kur-ru-ub si-pi-e nim-gal-li dari zu-uk u kal-ban-na-te muit-hu-su tap-da-a-Su is-ku-nu-ma is-ba-tu ala ™Ki-ru-a “hazdnu a-di Sal-lat alaéni?'!- Su au nisé?’ ¢Hi-lak-ki &a 1-da-a-su is-hu-ru a-di iméré?! alpé?! wW si-e-ni . a-na °“Ni-na-a a-di mah-ri-ia ub-lu-ni Sa ™Ki-ru-a ma-sak-su a-ku-us a-tir-ma ‘Il-lu-ub-ru a-na_ es-sti-te as-bat nisé?! matdtt ki-sit-ti kdtdt-ia i-na lib-bi. v-Se-sib vkak ¢Assur béli-ia ki-rib-Su t-sar-me abnungrd(a) $4 %"“pariitu t-se-pis-ma ma-har-su ul-zi-1z 78. Fash 80. 81. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. ‘phe and prevented his escape. With the assault of siege-engines and “oreat wall flies” (some siege-engine), followed by a rush through the breaches(?) (and) the attack of the foot-soldiers, they brought about their overthrow and took the city. . Kirua, the prefect, together with the spoil of his cities, and the people of Hilakku, who had come to his aid, with asses, cattle and sheep, they brought to Nineveh into my presence. I flayed Kirua. I restored Illubru again: people of the lands which my hands had conquered, I settled therein. The weapon of Assur, my lord, I established in its midst. An alabaster stela I had (them) fashion and set up before him (Assur or the “‘weapon”’ of Assur). b) CAMPAIGN AGAINST TILGARIMMU, 695 B.C. (H1, CONTINUED) Vv . tna li-mu “AsSur-bél-usur %™Sa-kin . a-na °Til-ga-ri-[im-mu|] . a-lum sa pa-a-tri 'Ta-[ba-li] sé "Hi-di-i sarru-tu-[us-su] . ir-ku-su kakké[P'-ca] . as-su-uk-ma esdbé?! “kasti na-st [tuk- Si(ki)] . u as-ma-ri-e “narkabati?’ si[sé]P! . ki-sir Sarru-ti-ia t-ma--ir s[t-r]u-us-su UCP pa77 24. de Oo ore W bb In the eponymy of Assur-bél-usur, the governor of .... . against Til-garimmu,} . a city on the border of Tabalu, . whose kingdom Hidi . had consolidated, . I leveled my weapons. Bowmen, bearers of shield . and lance, chariots, horses, 8. my royal host, I sent against him. Col. . alu Si-a-tum ni-i-tum al-[m]u-ma 10. aL, 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. ve 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. HISTORICAL RECORDS ARRANGED CHRONOLOGICALLY V i-na 'mas'-pak e-pi-"ri ww) kur-ru-ub Su-pt-t mit-hu-su zu-[uk sépad™ is'-ba-tu ala nisér! a-di ilani?’ a-[sib lib-bi-su] am-nu sal-la-ti-is alu Sti-a-tum[...... ] tk-ku-ru a-na tili wv [kar-me] v-tir-ru i-na sal-lat matatr?' [sd] as-lu-la 30,000 “k[astu i-na [lib-bi-Su-nu] ak-sur-ma elli ki-sir Sarru-ti-ia] %-rad-di [s¢-2t-t7 Sal-lat na-ki-ri] ka-bit-tu [a-na gi-mir karasi-ia| bél-pihdati?'-ia [wu nesé?’ ma-ha-za-ni-ia] rabiite?! [kima si-e-ni lu] t-za-?-tz 9. 10. ks 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. Ali 18. 19; 20. 21. 22. 63 That city I besieged, and by the throwing up of earth (works) and the assault of siege-engines, the rush and attack of foot-soldiers, they captured the city. The people, together with the gods dwelling there, I counted as spoil. That city they devastated, to tells and ruins they turned it. From the spoil of the lands which I plundered, 30,000 bows(?) . . . . shields, I gathered from among them and added them _ to equipment. The rest of the heavy spoil of the foe among the whole of my camp, my provincial governors, and the people of my large cities, I divided like sheep. my royal .c) THE ROCK INSCRIPTIONS ON THE JUDI DAGH (E3) . *Assur 4Sin 4Samas ¢Adad 2. (MAS w “star ildni® ‘rabite le? . an-ni-ku-un . $d i-di Sarri me-ig-"ri'-Su-un . 1-2a-zu-ma eli kul-lat "na!-ki-ri . U-sam-ra-ru “kakk é?'-su . ™Sin-ahé-eriba Sarru. rabbi Ssarru dan-nu . Sar kissati Sar "A SSur** rubt na->i-du . ti-ri-is katd*"-ku-un sa3 i-na4 oie ee eee i-'tal'-la- ku-ma La, uU: 2 a inserts 84 vi-Ikan(?)1-na-bu kal(?) ma-al-ki. 3 ¢, Sd. 49 and ¢, ina. I, 2. 3. On Assur, Sin, Shamash, Adad, Ninib and Ishtar, the great gods, who stand at the side of the king, their favorite, . . and make bitter his . arms against all enemies: . Sennacherib, the great king, the mighty king, . king of the universe, king of Assyria, the exalted prince, . to whom your (the gods’) hands are stretched out, who through . your grace advances (triumphantly), c probably had same addition. 64 THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB 10. mdtdte”!' la ma-gi-ri sabé”' hur-sa-ni} 10-11. bringing in submission at his feet 11. la-kan-st-ti? v-Sak-ni-si Se-pu-us-Su insubmissive lands (v. kings) and | unyielding mountain peoples.— 12. ina ti-me-su-ma °Tu-mur-ra 12. At that time the cities of Tumurra, 13. “Sa-ri-im ‘Hal-gid-dat 13. Sharim, Halgidda, 14. ¢K7i-ib-sa °“H-sa-a-ma °Ku-u-a 14. Kibsha, Esima, Kia, (and) 15. *‘Ka-na §d° me-sir “Kit’-mu-hi 15. Kana, which are on the border of Kutmuhu (Commagene) 16. Sa kima kin-ni nasri si-ir 16. and, like the nest of the eagle, 17. ubdnat?! §°¢Ni-pur sad-di-v 17-18. are situated upon the peaks of 18. sit-ku-na-at su-bat-su-un Mt. Nipur; 19. $d? ul-té® ul-la ina sarrdni?! abér'-id® 19. who from days of old, in (the time of) the kings, my fathers, 20. sip-su be-ru la i-du-t 20. were strong and proud, not knowing 21. pa-lah be-lu-ti ina palé bélu-ti-ia 21. the fear of (Assyrian) rule,—in the time of my rule, 22. ildni?'-Su-un 7i-zi-bu- 22. their gods deserted 23. Su-nu-ti-ma t-sab-su-u 23. them and left them 24, 71-Keu-ul—"su-un ss ee nee 24; CMPLYE : coma cme ere eee Bisset) <2. tena DOU. Mere emcee hi: “255 Gane tsk ne Ae eee Pay lara ee Me oes, a 2 ul-tt ri-Se 26. .... . from the sources PAE Pe thy AR a "Idiglat QT ok cits a egay eee Cem ELE COU: eo sh aie .. fal-na AsSur** 28.) hs casas ee tee ee Tee UO pane iee DO nce” 5 SEMI ay Sam reuae ema er 29 5 eee shen atety fe) uke eee BUM tes kere WN TILT Caan cee antares aj maru~ 30. 2°5).>: 2s wn DOC ARS Vlas. yee 5) a erat 0S mere ae cy oe re BL NeURAUL-OUls ew ot eee Cie ae da, -31. they sank.in the rivers... eee 1 Instead of this line ec, Sarrdénipl [sabécoll [hur-sa-ni]. The following line of c, of which only a few traces remain, seems to have differed considerably from b; e seems to have had the same text as ¢. 2d, te. 6 The old Assyrian spelling. Cf. AJSL, XXVIII (1912), 178, n. 3d, Su. Td) sa; 4e has town names in dif. order? 8d, tu. 5d and e, Sa. 9d, 7a. 10 The text of the different panels seems to have varied very considerably at this point. In a only the beginnings of the lines are preserved: 23. i-na [Sarraniv!(?)] .... 24. ildni-Su-un.... 2h. ted. NGl-pur >...’ . 26 daG?)-i sul, negeemele oP on csa ae 28. 4ASSur béli. ... 29. ti Sa-a8-kin-ma...... The text of d runs: 24. tldni-su-un 7-zi-bu-su-nu-ti-ma v-sab-8u-% ~—.25.. fri- [Ut =SU=UT ne ese eee ti SadtNi-pur].... 26. vu-8ah(?)-ma(?)-tu(?) Tal-na......-... 27. vi-ma(?) tr Cpul-su lski-ril vi-ta-bu .... 28. si-[ru]-fuSl-su-un fal-lik sépadd-] sadNi-pur RES Se wi Pina, 32. 33. . git-ma-'lu'-tr *4Ni-pur a-na§ gALy3. - ana. HISTORICAL RECORDS ARRANGED CHRONOLOGICALLY 65 si-ru-us-Su-un! al-lik sépat §4Ni-pur Sadi(t) ka-ra-Si ui-sa-as-kint-ma ow&..... ~ sabé?! i-pis tahazi-a* gu-nt a rector ti al-me ‘har-ri! na-ad- ba-ki Sadér! si-ir ubdndte?™ Sa-ka-ti fo ia SNe Wiel. Je . -na wkusst ri-sa-'su-un' Atego eae ier kima [as-bat| a 9 © ‘oe ¢ (6, ‘« ‘e. -8 @ alpurhmy 'pa-nu-us-sun! la'-gar ina vkusst CUE cet ae Sup-si-ku ina [sépat]- la as-tah-hi-id oe eet Le = he ee ae ki-ma] ar-me a-[Sar] bir-ka-ai shes A Pea ae 5 7-Sa-a = ma-na-ah-[tu] 's?-ir aban! Sadé(e) u-sib-ma . mer! Imasaknq-q-di' ka-su-ti a-na su- um-me-1a ‘lu! as-ti SUSE SSC ary eee [aldni|! al-me akSud(ud)® ak-ku-ur'! Ag Sa-a-tu-nu AS ee eee la la ra(?) . 'mul-tah) 7-ti-Su-nu si-ir ubdn [§4|Ni- pur -li-Su-nu_ si-ir zuk-te Sadé(e) 1f, ki-in. 2f, sabér! ta-ha-zi-ia, 3a-na restored from f. 4d, [u-ba-na-a]-li Sa{ka-tr]. 32. 33. 34. 35 36. ol. o8. 39 40. 41. 42. 43. 44 45 46. 47. against them I went. (At) the foot of Mt. Nipur I pitched my camp and I ©, 6) .¢) 6” ef 6) "<¢ my choice warriors who fight my battle(s). Mt. Nipur EOD Mews Meier Pet eek rae cas es I_ besieged. mountain torrents, [I surmounted in my (sedan-)chair] to the high(est) summits, Gullies, WICH te cee eee te co the stars of heaven . . COP ere as Ses on my _ (sedan-) OAC NTT SS 2 ye Nn en oa Any oe eee like a wild bull I went before them. Where it was too steep for my (sedan-)chair, I advanced on foot like a young gazelle (ibex). Where my knees (failed) and found a resting-place, I sat down on (some) mountain boulder and drank the cold water from the water- skin (to quench) my thirst. paps ce sidered s cities I be- sieged, I (wenadds, I carried off their booty, I destroyed), I devastated. those conquered their rebellious people on (to) the top of Mt. Nipur I—their—; to the mountain-tops, 5 Here f has ir-ma-a. 6 Here f inserts a8-lu-la Sal-la-sun ab-bul. 7 Restoration rendered certain by a and f. 66 48. 49, 50. ol. 52. . ekal THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB OLE ee eee abann ard a-Se-pis-ma? li-z-tu da-na-nu sa Assur béli-ia u-Sa- as-tir elt zuk-te *¢Ni-pur a-Sar........4-+ ti ra ds ERAS yh (ite = Th. 4). the St-4a Assur tldni?® rabaite®?. 2... lik) kil-mu-sut lis-ki-[pu-su] 48, 49, dl. 52. I pursued and [defeated them.] A memorial stela I caused to be made, and I had them inscribe (thereon) the might and power of Assur, my lord. . On the summit of Mt. Nipur where ey fe; a6) we Sa! ele leg wea tee Se er Nott =e, 2 ae eee (who destroys) the writing of my name may Assur and the great gods look upon him [in anger]* and destroy him. V. RECORDS WRITTEN AFTER THE SIXTH CAMPAIGN a) BULL INSCRIPTION FROM THE PALACE AT NINEVEH (F1). md Sin-ahé?'-eri-ba sarru rabi Sarru dan-nu Sar kigsati Sar ‘Assur Sar kib-rat irbittem(tim) alana?! rabite® ir-si it-pi-Su zi-ka-ru kar-du a-sa-rid kal mal-ki mi-gir . rab-bu la--it la ma-gi-rt mu-sab-ri-ku za-ma-a-ni *Assur ilu rab sarru-ut la sSa-na-an %-Sat-li-ma-an-ni-ma ela gi-mir a-sib pa-rak-ki vkakké?'-1a u%-Sar-ba-a . ul-tu tamti (A.AB.BA) e-li-ni-ti 84 Sul-mu “Samsi(s1) a-di tam-tim sap-li- ti Sd si-it 4Samsi(st) gim-ri ma-al-ke Sa kib-ra-a-ti U-Sak-nis Se-pu-u-a i-na mah-ri-v . gir-ri-ia §é4 "*Marduk-apla-iddina(na) Sar 'Kar-*dun-id-as a-di umméndt?! 'Klamti®* ri-si-su i-na ta-mir-ti Kis il. Palace of Sennacherib, the great king, the mighty king, king of the universe, king of Assyria, king of the four quarters; favorite of the great gods; the wise and crafty one; strong hero, . first among all princes; the powerful one who consumes the insubmissive, who strikes the wicked with the thunderbolt: Assur, the great god, has entrusted to me an unrivalled kingship, and has made powerful my weapons above (all) those who dwell in palaces. . From the upper sea of the setting sun, to the lower sea of the rising sun, all princes of the four quarters (of the world) he has brought in sub- mission to my feet. In my first campaign, I accomplished the defeat of Merodach-baladan, king of Baby- lonia, together with the armies of 1 Read, perhaps, instead of ma, [Si-nu-ti1; a and f had [ar]-di-Su-nu-ti-ma as-ta-kan tah-[ta-Sun). 2f has an additional clause before this, and like a, ended the inscription somewhat differently. 3a has & before this word. 4a reads ag-gis li-ir-[ru-su]. 5 Pl. sign omitted. 6 Variant, curse him in anger. 10. Bl: . aksud(ud)-ma HISTORICAL RECORDS ARRANGED CHRONOLOGICALLY * as-ta-kan tahtd-Su su-t na-prs-ti-su e-dis a-na §t-zu-ub . tp-par-sid-ma “narkabdati?' “su-wm-bi sisé?! paré?! $4 ti-mas-Si-ru tk-su-da kata?-av ekalli-Su dé ki-rib Babila®* e-ru-um-ma ap-te-e-ma a-na . bit ni-sir-ti-Su hurdsa kaspa uv-nu-ti hurdsi kaspi abnu a-kar-tti busd makkira ekalli-Su as-lu-la aldni?'-su dan-nu-ti bit dtrdmi?! $d Kal-di a-di vs aldni?! sthrite?’ §4 li-mi-ti-Su-nu as-lu-la Sal-la-su-un i-na ta-ai-ar-ti-ia %A-ra-me sd sid-di "Idiglat "Purattt ak-sud(ud) as-lu-la §al-la-su-un i-na mi-ti-ik gir-ri-a . $4 ™ki-pi *Ha-ra-ra-ti: man-da-ta-su ka-bit-tu am-hur ba-hu-la-ti °Hi-rim- me *nakri ag-si i-na “kakké?! u-sam- kit-ma e-du ul e-zib ala st-a-tu a-na es-Su-tt . as-bat istén(en) alpa 10 immeré?? 10 imér kardéna '20' wmér suluppa ri-se-ti-Su a-na ildni®’ 'AsSur** v-kin i-na Sané(e) gir-ri-ia a-na 'Kas-si-c w 'Ta-su-bi-gal-la-ai lu al-lik ki-rib hur- v . Sa-a-NL ekil nam-ra-si i-na sisé ar-kab as-ru Sup-st-ku i-na sépa"-ia ri-ma-nigs at- tag-gis “Bit-"Ki-lam-za-ah °*Har-dis-pi eBit-Ku-bat-ti aldni?'-Su-nu — Ut dtirani®’ dan-nu-te akgud(ud)-ma_ as-lu-la_ Sal-la-su & aldni?'-Su-nu — sihriiti?’ Sd ni-ba la 1-S-% ab-bul ak-kur bit séri: kul-ta-ri- 1 Lh. . the chariots, 67 Elam, his ally, in the plain of Kish. That one fled alone to save his life, and wagons, horses and mules which he abandoned, my hands captured. Into his palace in Babylon I entered and I opened . his treasure-house,—gold, silver, yes- sels of gold and silver, precious stones, property and goods of his palace I took as spoil. His strong, walled cities of Chaldea, together with the small cities of their environs, . I captured, I carried off their spoil. On my return the Aramaeans who lived along the banks of the Tigris and Euphrates, I conquered and carried off their spoil. campaign In the progress of my . I received the heavy tribute of the governor of Hararati. The men of Hirimme, wicked enemies, I cut down with the sword. Not one escaped. That city . Lrebuilt: one ox, 10 lambs, 10 homers of wine, 20 homers of dates, its choic- est, (as gifts) for the gods of Assyria, I appointed. paign, I went against the Kassites, and the Yasubigallai. In the midst of the mountains I rode on horseback where the terrain was difficult, and where it became too difficult (for this) I clambered up on foot like a wild-ox. Bit-Kilamzah, Hardishpi, Bit-Kubatti, their strong, walled cities, I captured, I carried off their spoil, and the small cities of their environs, which were numberless, I destroyed, In my second cam- 68 13. 14. 16. 18. THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB Su-nu(?) tna girrt ak-mu %-tir-ma eBit--Ki-lam-za-ah su-a-tu a-na al bir-tu-ti as-bat nigé”! matdati ki- Sit-ti kata@"-ia 1-na lib-bi w-Se-sib i-na kata’ ¢bél pihdti *Arba-ha am-nu- _Su-nu-ti pa-an ni-ri-ia %-tir-ma a-na 'Kl-li-pi as-sa-bat har-ra-nu el-la-mu-a ™Is-pa- ba-a-ra Sarru-su-un aldni?'-su dan-nu- ti v-mas-sir-ma a-na ru-ki-e-tt in-na- bit “Mar-t-bis-ti *Ak-ku-ud-du aldni?! bit Sarru-ti-su a-di alani®! sd li-mi-ti-Su-nu aksud- (ud)-ma_ as-lu-la Sal-la-su-un ab-bul ak-kur i-na girrt ak-mu ‘Si-si-ir-té ‘Ku-um-ma-ah-lum alani! dan-nu-ti a-di alan’ sihriiti”! . 8a li-mi-ti-su-nu aksud(ud) “Bit-"Ba- ar-ru-@ na-gu-% a-na gi-mir-ti-su ul-tu ki-rib) mati-Su ab-tuk-ma_ ela mi-sir a-ri?-di °Hl-en-za-as LA SSurk* a-na dan-na-at na-gi-e St-a-tu. as-bat Sum-su t-nak-kir-ma ‘Kar-4Sin-ahé?'-eri-ba at-ta-bi ni-bit- su nisé?! matats ki-sit-tt katd?-1a i-na lib-bi ti-Se-sib i-na katat bél prhate ‘Har-har . am-nu i-na ta-ai-ar-ti-ia §é ‘Ma-da-ai ru-ku-ti $a Sarrani”! abé”'-ia la is-mu-% 2i-kir mati-su-un man-da-ta-su-nu am- hur a-na ni-ri-ia %G-Sak-ni-su-nu-tt i-na Sal-si gir-ri-ia a-na 'Ha-at-ti lu al-ik ™Lu-li-t sar °Si-du-un-ni [pul- 1 Var. lu. 12. 13. 14, 16. ys 18. 2 So text, but original probably had rad. I devastated. Their houses of the plain, (that is) tents, I burned with fire. I turned back, and that Bit- Kilamzah I made into a stronghold. People of the lands which my hand had seized, I settled therein, and placed them under (lit. counted them into the hand of) the governor of Arrapha. I turned the front of my yoke and took the road against the Ellipi. their king, forsook his strong cities, and fled to distant parts. Marubishti Akkuddu, his royal residence-cities, together with the cities of their environs, I captured, I carried off their spoil, I destroyed, I devastated, Sisirtu, Kum- Ispabara, and I burned with fire. ‘mahlum, strong cities, together with the small cities of their environs, I captured. The district of Bit-Barrt in its totality I cut off from his land and added it to the territory of Assyria. Elenzash I turned into the stronghold of that, district. I changed its name, and called it Kar-Sennacherib. Peoples of the land which my hands had con- quered, I settled therein, and placed it under the governor of Harhar. On my return I received the gifts of the distant Medes, whose name the kings, my fathers had not heard, and I made them submit to my yoke. In my third campaign I went against the Hittite’ land, Luli, king of Sidon 3 Syria. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. HISTORICAL RECORDS ARRANGED CHRONOLOGICALLY luh-ti me-[lam-me-ia is-hup|-8t-ma ul-tu ki-rib “Sur-ri! a-na 'Ta-ad-na-na kabal tam-tim in-na-bit-ma_ saddd-su e-mid ™Tu-ba->-lu i-na “kusst Sarru-ti- Su u-se-8ib ~man-da-at-tu — be-lu-ti-ia u-kin si-ru-us-Su Sarradni?!’ (MAR- TU** ka-li-Su-un biltu ka-bit-ti i-na ta-mir-ti ‘U-si-% a-di mah-ri-ia a-bi-lu-ni wu ™Si-id-ka-a sar ¢Is-ka- al-lu-na §é la ik-nu-Su a-na ni-ri-ia ilani”’ bit-abi-su sa-a-s% a-di ki-im- ti-[sv] as-su-ha-am-ma a-na "A ssurk* G-ras-s% ™Sarru-lu-dd-a-ri mar "Ru-kib-ti Sarra- Su-nu [mah-ru-t eli nisé|?’ ¢Is-ka-al- lu-na as-kun-ma man-da-at-tu [bélu|- ti-ia U-kin si-ru-us-si i-na mi-ti-ik gir-ri-ia aladni?'-Su $d a-na sépat-ia la ik-nu-sti ak-su-da as-lu-la Sal-la-su-un “Sakkannaké?! uw nisé?? ¢‘Am-kar-ru-na sé ”Pa-di-i Sarra-si-nu bél a-di-e Sé 'Assur** bi-ri-tu parzilla id-du-ma a-na "Ha-za-ki-a-% ‘La-t-da- at td-di-nu|-su] a-na an-zil-li e-sir-su ip-lah Si-t “kakké?'ia e-dtir-ma e-dis ip-par-sid ul in-na-mir a-sar-Su pa-an ni-ri-ia ti-tir a-na °Bit-"La-kin as-sa-bat har-ra-nu su-% 4M arduk-apla-iddina(na) sd i-na a-lak gir-ri-ia = mabh-ri-e as-ku-nu tahta-su ri-gim “kakké?'-1a dan-nu- ti?! e-dir-ma a-na *Na-gi-1-ti sé kabal tam-tim in-na-bit ahé?'-Su zér bit-abi-su sa t-mas-si-ru a-hi tam-tim si-it-ti nisé?! mati-su ul-tu bit-"La-kin ki-rib "a-gam-me u ap-pa- ra-a-ti as-lu-la u-tir-ma alani?'-su ab-bul i-na girrt ak-mu i-na ta-ai-ar- ti-ia ™ASSur-na-din-sum méar-t-a i-na ’kusst be-lu-ti-Su v-se-sib-ma t-sad-gi- la pa-nu-us-su i-na hansé gir-ri-va amelite?’ °Tu-mur-ra-a sa kima kin-ni nasri si-ir guk-ti %4Ni-pur sadi(2) mar-st Sti-bat-su-un sit-ku-na-at-ma la kit-nu-Si a-na ni-ri-ia i-na sép™ Sad N1-pnur ka-ra-st u-Sa-as-kin-ma_ it-ti sabé?' tahdzi-1a la ga-me-lu-ti a-na-ku kima rime tk-de pa-nu-us-su-un as-bat hur-ri na-hal- li-e Sadé”! mar-su-ti i-na “kusst as-ta- am-di-th a-sar a-na Sépat’-1a as-tah-hi-id kima ar-me a-sar vkusst Sup-si-ku i-na 393. 4. 35. 36. Oo”. 38. 39. 40. In my fourth campaign [ went against Bit-Yakin. In the course of my campaign, I defeated Shuzubu, the Chaldean, who dwelt in the midst of the marshes, at Bittutu. That one feared my weapons, fled alone, and his (hiding) place has not been found (seen). The front of my yoke I turned, and took the road to Bit-Yakin. That Merodach-baladan, whom I had de- feated in my first campaign, became afraid at the tumult of my mighty arms, and fled to Nagitu which is in the midst of the sea (Persian Gulf). His brothers, the seed of his father- house, whom he abandoned by the sea-shore, the rest of the people of his land, I carried off as spoil from Bit- Yakin, out of the marshes and swamps. I turned about and destroyed his cities, I burned them with fire. On my return, I placed my son Assur-nddin-shum on_ his royal throne, and made (the land) submit to him. In my fifth cam- paign, the people of Tumur, whose abodes are situated on the peaks of Mt. Nipur, a difficult mountain, like the nests of the eagle, and who had not sub- mitted to my yoke:—at the foot of Mt. Nipur I pitched my camp. With my relent- less warriors, I, like a strong wild-ox, led the way. Gullies and difficult mountain torrents I surmounted in my (sedan-)chair. Where it was too steep for my chair, I advanced on foot, like a young 41. 42. 43. 44, 46. 47. THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB bir-ka-ai ir-ma-a i-Sa-a ma-na-ah-tt si-ir aban Sadi (2) %-sib-ma mé?! kn q- a-di ka-su-ti a-na su-me-ia lu as-tt i-na ubadndt”’ hur-sa-a-ni ar-di-Su-nu-ti-ma as-ta-kan tah-ta-su-un aldni?'-Su-nu aksud(ud)-ma as-lu-la sal-la-su-un ab-bul ak-kur i-na girrt ak-mu pa-an ni-ri-ia wt-tir-ma_ si-ir ”™Ma-ni-ia-e Sar ‘Uk-ki la kan-se as-sa-bat har-ra-nu ur-hi pa-as-ku-ti Sa la-pa-an sadé”! mar-su-lt ki-rib-Su-un ma-nam-ma la- pa-an ni-ri i-li-ku Sarru pa-ni mah- ri-ia i-na sépt 4A-na-ra u *4Up-pa sadé”' dan-nu-tt ka-ra-si u-Sa-as-kin- ma at-tt amsdbér! tahdzi-ia mar-si-is 1-te-el-la-a a-na-ku. i-na “kusst ni-me-di ubandl”’ sadé?’ pa-as-ka-a-ti . &u-t ™Ma-ni-ia-e a-lak gi-ir-ri-ia 1s- me-ma °‘Uk-ku al sarru-ti-su e-zib-ma a-na ru-ki-ti in-na-bit e-ru-um-ma a-na ki-rib ekalli-su mimma sum-su busi makkiru la ni-ba as-lu-la ni-sir- ta-Su ka-bit-ti aldni”'-su ab-bul ak-kur i-na girrt ak-mu-ma ki-ma til a-bu-bi as-pu-un'! 1 So Smith-Sayce. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. gazelle. Where my knees gave out and found a resting-place, I sat down upon (some) mountain boulder and drank cold water from the water-skin (to quench) my thirst. of the mountains I pursued them, and brought about their overthrow. Their cities I captured and I carried off their spoil, I destroyed, I devastated, I burned (them) with fire. I turned the front of my yoke. Against Maniae, king of Ukku, who was not submissive, I took the road. blazed trails and wearisome paths which stretch along these rugged mountains, To the summits Among the un- none of the kings who went before me, had traveled before the yoke. At the foot of Mt. Anara and Mt. Uppa, mighty mountains, I had my camp pitched, and I, on a house-chair, together with my warriors, with difficulty climbed to the summits of the wearisome moun- tains. That Maniae heard of the approach of my army (lit. campaign), left Ukku, his royal city and fled to dis- tant parts. I entered into his palace. All kinds of property and goods, without number, I carried off,—heavy treasure was his. His cities I destroyed, I devastated, I burned with fire, and I overwhelmed them (so that they) were like a tell (left by) the deluge. 48, 49, . aldniv! §d sar 'E-lam-ti Sd i-na 51. 52. 53. 54. 55 56. 57. 8. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. HISTORICAL RECORDS ARRANGED CHRONOLOGICALLY Y°VVA bo i-na Sissé gir-ri-ia a-na °Na-gi-ti “Na-gi-li-di---bi-na e-bir-tan "Mar-ra-ti sit-ku-na-at Su-bat-su-un Sd |nisé|P’ “Bit--La-kin la-pa-an vkakki *AsSur dan-nu-tt is-hu-pu-ma z-21-bu da-ad-me-su-un ru-u-ma eee Subat| ni-ih-tt 44 SSur be-li v-tak-kil-an-ni-ma_ si-ru- "Mar-ra-tum — 7i-bi- kir-bi-Su-un — tr-te-mu US-SU-UN A-NA 'Na-gi-ti a-la-ku ak-bi ameliti(tr)?! 'Ha-at-ti hu-bu-ut ~kasti-ia i-na Ninuak' ~elippdate”! si-ra-a-tt e-pis-ti méati-su-un ib-nu-t nak-lis ammalahhé?’ “Sur-ra-at t-Se-Sib-ma ‘S7-du-un-na-at ‘'La-ad-na-na-ai—ki- Sit-ti katat’-1a u-sa-hi-su-nu-te ur-tum ki-rib "I'diglat it-ti-si-na-ti a-na kid'-da-ti a-di °‘U-pi-a ti-se-kil-pu-t "na)-ba-lif ultu ¢U-pi-a na-ba-lig %-Se-lu-si-na-ti-ma si-ir “gam-gu-gi a-[na’A|-rah-[tr] il-du- du-si-na-ti._ ki-rib "A-rah-ti id-du( ?)-si-na-ti [a-na "Har-ri Bit- Dak(?)-ku(?)-rt §é 'Kal-di %-se-kil- pu-u EUS, ee Od al Lt a aE ie vkakkér'- ta Sam-ru-tt 1Or Sid? 2 Syrians. 48. 49. 50. ol. 5d. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 73 In my sixth campaign, against Nagitu (and) Nagitu-di’bina, cities belonging to the king of Elam, which are situated (lit. whose abode is situated) on the other side the Bitter- Sea (Persian Gulf), . whither the people of Bit-Yakin had scattered before . the mighty weapons - of Assur,— leaving . their towns, and crossing over the Bitter-Sea, they had settled down peacefully therein: Assur, my lord, against them I ordered the Hittite-people,? plunder of my bow, I settled in Nineveh. Mighty strengthened me, march to Nagitu. ships (after) the workmanship of their land, they built dexterously. Tyrian, Sidonian and Cyprian sailors, captives of my hand,-I ordered (to descend) the Tigris with them and come to land at the wharves(?) at Opis. From Opis (where) they drew them up on land, they dragged them on sledges(?) [to the Arahtu-canal( ?)]. They launched (lit. threw) them on the Arahtu-canal. To the channel of Bit-Dakkuri(?) of Chaldea I had them descend. si DGLOW (1 yar linea: Orta (a city), the bearers of my terrible weapons, 74 66. 67. 68. 69. 71. 72. 73. 74, 75. (ee 78. 12: THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB Sa la i-du-t% a-di-ru *™mutir pu-tu?! Sépat-ia git-ma-lu-ti “sabé?' ta-ha-zi- 1a kar-du-ti sd la i-na_ ka-rib velippati?’ u-Sar-kib-su-nu-ti-ma si-di-tu ad-ka it-ti Se-im uw *tibnuce! a-na mu-ur-ni-is-ki_ %-se-la-a it-ti-Su-un ku-ra-du-t-a i-na“ellip pate?! 1-kil-pu-w" Pu-rat-tu a-na-ku . a-na i-ti-Su-un na-ba-lu sab-ta-ku-ma a-na °Bab-sa-li-me-ti a-sar-da-a ur-hi i-na ul-lu-t% ri-s-ia ul-tu a-hi "Pu- rat-ti a-di kib-ri tam-tim ma-lak 2 biru kak-ka-ru t-na a-a-ri-du-t . Sal-la-at-ma ka-lt ka-lu-w.... a-l1k pa=) 1 es e-du-t §d tam-tim a-di... %-ma a-na-ku a-mat ki-bi-ti-Su ul a-[sur.... ] as( ?)-du-ud i-na as-ri St-a-tum at-ta-di ka-ra-si e-du-t ta-ma-ti gab-[sis 7s]-sa-am- ma ki-rib »za-ra-ti-ia e-ru-um-ma ni-ti-1g l-ma-a kima ina ka-ra-si-ia i-na “elippati?' dan-nu-tt . d time & musi ki-ma ku-wp-pi-e Sur- bu-sa gi-mir ba-hu-la-ti-ia “elippate?! ku-ra-di-ia a-na rak-ka-at pi-t nari tk-si-da a-sar "Pu-rat-tu mé?'-Sa u-Sses-Se-ru kir-bu-us tam-tim ga-lit-ti a-na-ku a-na mi-hi-ir-ti-su-un i-na kisdd "Mar-ra-ti as-bat-ma a-na ¢H-a Sar apsi t-se-pi-sa nikeéer’ ellati?' it-tc “elip hurdst nun hurasi 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. “1, 72. 73. 74, 75. 76. de 78. 70. who know no fear, my picked foot- soldiers, my brave warriors, who know no rest(?), I embarked them in the ships, and provided supplies for the journey, together with grain and straw for the horses, which I embarked with them. My warriors went down the Euphrates on the ships while I kept to the dry land at their side. I had (them) proceed to Bab-salimeti. At the lifting of my head, from the bank of the Euphrates, to the shore of the sea, a journey of two double- hours, by land, all finished (7) [safely|. = ye. SLU e Ge And the waves Of the; sea. ei0see weer And I, the word of his command did not heed. In that place I pitched my camp. The mighty waves of the sea came up and entered my tent. And they com- pletely surrounded me while in my camp, causing all of my men to camp in the mighty ships as in cages for five days and nights. The ships of my warriors reached the swamps at the mouth of the river, where the Euphrates empties (lit. carries) its waters into the fearful sea. I met them on the shore of the Bitter-Sea (the Persian Gulf). To Ea, king of the deep, I offered pure sacrifices, and with a ship of gold, 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. Si. 88. 89. 90. wa 92. 93. 94. 96. OF: 98. 99. HISTORICAL RECORDS ARRANGED CHRONOLOGICALLY al-lut-tu. hurdsi a-na_ ki-rib tam-tim ad-di-ma “elippdte?'ia a-na eli “Na- gi-i-te ur-ru-hi-i§ %-Se-bir i-na kib-ri tam-tim gal-la-ti §é a-na si-tk-nu a-na e-li-e sisé?! w Sit-kun sépi améli la na-tu dannis Sum-ru-us-ma ba-hu-la-ti ‘Kal- di a-sib ¢°Na-gi-ti ‘*Na-gi-ti-di-?-bi-na nisé?! 'Hi-il-mu °Bil-la-tu a 'Hu-pa-pa-nu “elippate?’ ku-ra-di-ia i-mu-ru-ma sadbér! “kasti “su-um-be sisé?! paré”! e-muk la ni-bi t-kap-pi-tu mit-ha-ris el-la-me-su-un 1-na 'U-la-a na-a-ru 84. kib-ru-sa tabu si-id-ru sit-ku-nu me-li-e ummandat??'-ia_sab-tu-ma u-Sa->-lu “kakké?'-Su-un ku-ra-du-t-a a-na ka-a-ri ma-kal-li-e 1k-si-du_ $i-ru-us-sti-un ul-tu. ki-rib “elippdte?’ a-na_ kib-ri a-ri-bis Up-par-Su-ma ‘Na-gi-tu is-ku-nu_— tah-ta-Su-un . ‘Na-gi-tu-di--bi-na 'Hi-il-mu 'Bil-la- tu u 'Hu-pa-pa-nu alan?! sé sar 'E-lam- ti tk-su-du dan-nu-su-un te-ne-sit *"Kal-di wane?! gim-rt_ 'Bit-"La-kin a-di makkiri-su-nu vw nisé?! H-la-me-1 “su-um-bi paré?' imérér! velippate?'-[su-nu] aS-lu-lu-ni —ki-rib 15 80. I cast into the sea a golden fish and 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 20: al 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. SIE 98. ou. a golden aluttu. My ships I speedily brought over to Nagitu. On the shore of the fearful sea, which for landing and loading horses, and for men to walk upon, was unsuitable, (indeed) exceedingly wearisome, the people of Chaldea, who lived at Nagitu and Nagitu-di’- bina, the people of Hilmu, Billatu and Hupapanu, saw the ships of my warriors and they gathered together bowmen, wagons, horses, mules, a countless host, against them. By the Ulai, a river whose bank was good, the battle line was drawn up. Seizing the place where my armies were to land (lit. the landing place of my armies), they offered battle. My warriors gained the banks of the levees, against them they swarmed from the ships to the shore, like locusts, and established their overthrow. Nagitu, Nagitu-di’bina, Hilmu, Billatu, and Hupapanu, cities belonging to the king of Elam, they captured. Their garrisons, men of Chaldea, all the gods of Bit-Yakin, together with their goods, and the Elamites, and wagons, mules and asses, they carried off as spoil, loaded them on their ships 76 100. 101. 103. 104. 106. Leb. 10. iis THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB u-se-lu-ma a-ha-an-na-a a-na °Béab- sa-li-me-ti a-di mah-ri-ia u-se-bi-ru-ni alani”! sa-tu-nu 1b-bu-lu tk-ku-ru i-na girrt tk-mu-t . eli 'Hlamti®* rapastim(tim) it-bu-ku Sa-ah-ra-ar-tu% i-na Ssal-lat métati?! Sree 30,500 “kasti 80,500 “a-ri-ti t-na lib-bi-Su-nu ak-sur-ma ela ki-sir Sarru-ti-ia U-rad-di it-ti Sal-lat na-ki- rt ka-bit-ti a-na gi-[mir] . kards-ia ™bél pihdte?'-ia wu nisér! ma-ha-za-ni-ia?! , Pl kima $i-e-nt lu w-za->-12z b) OTHER BULL Ekal ™4Sin-ahé?'-ertba! sarru rabii Sarru dan-nu sar kissati Sar 'Assur** Sar kib-rat irbittem(tim) mi-gir lana?! rabite?! 4A SSur abu (v. a-bu) tldni?! ina kul-lat ma-li-ki_ ki-nigs tppalsa-ni?-ma eli gi-mir a-sib pa-rak-ki u-Ssar-ba-a vkakké?'-ca . i-na ta-ha-az séri [ina ta-mir-ti Kis**|8 as-kip . ™4Marduk-apla-iddina(na) sar 'Kar- dun-id-as . e-ki-ma be-lut-su gim-ri “Kal-di* a-di gi-bis um-ma-na-a-ti °"Elamti** (v, E-la- me-e) Ti-si-s% %-ra-sib ina Vkakkér!’ ™Assur-na-din-sumu maru-ti-a> ris-tu-t [tar-bit bir-ki-ia}8 1 }2, eri-ba. 2 E2, an-ni. 3So E2. 100. 101. 102. 103. 104. and brought them over to Bab- salimeti, into my presence. Those cities they destroyed, devas- tated and burned with fire. Over the wide land of Elam they poured out terror. From the booty of the lands which (I had con- quered), 30,500 bows, 30,500 arrows, I selected from among them, and added to my royal equipment. From the great spoil of enemy-(captives), I apportioned (men) like sheep 105-6. to all of my camp, my governors, 10. Le and the people of my large cities. INSCRIPTIONS (F2) Iso: Palace of Sennacherib, the great king, the mighty king, king of the universe, king of Assyria, king of the four quarters (of the world), favorite of the great gods (am I). Assur, father of the gods, has looked upon me among all princes with favor, and above all those who dwell in palaces, has made powerful my weapons. . In open battle (in the plain of Kish), I overthrew . Merodach-baladan, king of Baby- lonia, . I deprived him of his kingdom (lit. rulership). All of the Chaldeans, together with the numerous hosts of Elamites, his allies, I cut down with the sword. Assur-nadin-shum, my first-born son, (the offspring of my loins) 4E2, mat oKal-di. 5 E2, om. w-a. 12. 13. 14, 16. Lis 18. 19; 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. HISTORICAL RECORDS ARRANGED CHRONOLOGICALLY py i-na “kusst Sarru-ti-s% %-Se-sib-ma ‘Akkadu™ rapastum(tum) %-Sad-gil pa-nu-us-su as-suh na-gab %”Ah-la- me-el "Su-ti-t ba-hu-la-ti *Hi-rim-me i-na “kakki a-sam-kit-ma . la tz-gi-ba pi-ri--Su-un ak-sud(ud) am? Ta-su-bi-gal-la-ar amakris ag-si 'EHl-li-pt u-sal-pit-ma u-ab-bit da-dd-me-sa u ™Lu-li-i sar “Si-du-un-ni e-du-ra ta-ha-zt a-na 'Ta-ad-na-na 8a ki-rib tam-tim in-na-bit-ma i-hu-uz mar-ki-tum4 i-na mat-tim-ma su>-a-tu i-na_ ra-Sub-bat “kak ¢ASSur béli-ia e-mid Sad-da-su ™T'u-ba->-lu i-na “kusst Sarru-ti-Su t%-Se-sib-ma_ man-da-at®- tu be-lu-ti-ia ui-kin si-ru-us-si %-Ssal-pit rap-si na-gu-t 'La-ti-di Sip-su be-ru ™Ha-za-ki-ai-a Ssarra-s% %-sak-nis Se-pu-ti-a" nisé?’ ¢Tu-mur-ra-at_ a-si- bu-ut *4Ni-pur sadi(z) vkakke u-sam-kit ‘Uk-ku a-di nap-har da-dd- me-Su ki-ma til a-bu-bi t-ab-bit mar-st ina nisé?! 'Hi-lak-ki a-si-bu-ut hur-sa-ni zak-ru-ti t-tib-bi-th az-li-is °Til-ga- rum-me Sd pa-a-tt 'Ta-ba-li u-se-me kar-mes ba-hu-la-a-ti ‘Kal-di aksud(ud)-ma 1E2, 4. 2 2, l am, 32, wnak-ri. 4H2, tu. 5 K2, sa. 6 2, om. iA 13. 14, 15. 16. he 18. 1S 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. there sought a refuge. I placed on the royal throne and made the wide land of Akkad (Babylonia) submit to him. I uprooted all the Ahlamu and Sutu (Aramaean tribes). The men of Hirimme I cut down with the sword, and no offspring of theirs escaped. I con- quered the Yasubigallai, treacherous enemies, overthrew the Ellipi and destroyed their towns. And Luli, king of Sidon, was afraid to fight me (lit. feared my battle) and fled to Cyprus, which is in the midst of the sea, and In that land, in terror of the weapons of Assur, my lord, he died. Tuba’lu I placed on the throne of his kingdom, and im- posed upon him my royal tribute. I devastated the wide district of Judah, the strong, proud Hezekiah, its king, I brought in submission to my feet. who dwell on Mt. Nipur, a steep mountain, The people of Tumur, I cut down with the sword. Ukku, together with all of its towns, I destroyed (so that they were) like a ruin (left) by a deluge. The people of Hilakku, who dwell in the high mountains, I slaughtered like wild animals. ‘Til-garimmu, which is on the border of Tabal, I conquered, I turned The men of Chaldea into a ruin. 7E2 puts this word before usaknis. 78 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. ol. o2. . ™4Sin-ahé?'-errba THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB Sa ti-ib ta-ha-zi-ia e-du-ru-ma wldni?! nap-har méati-si-un i-na Sub-ti-su-un id-ku-% tam-tim i-bi-ru-ma i-na ‘Na- gi-a-ti id-du-% su-bat-sun i-na “elippdate?’ 'Ha-at-ti arki-su-un e-bir “Na-gi-a-tu ¢Na-gi-a-tu-di---bi-na 'Hi-il-mu 'Bil- la-tu u 'Hu-pa-pa-nu na-gi-e Sd e-bir-tan "Mar-ra-ti ak-Sud(ud)-ma te-ni-sit ‘Kal-di a-di tldmi-su-nu nisé?! sar 'Elamti** as-lu-lam-ma la vz-21-ba mul-tah-tu VI. 26. 27. 28. 20 30. ol. 32 who feared the onset of my battle and, gathering the gods of their whole land from their shrines, crossed the sea, and Nagitu. I crossed over after them in Hittite (Syrian) ships. Nagitu, Nagitu-di’bina, Hilmu, Billatu_ settled in and Hupapanu, the province which is on the other side the Bitter-Sea, I conquered. And the people of Chaldea, together with their gods, the people of the king of Elam, . I carried off. Not a sinner escaped. RECORDS WRITTEN AFTER THE EIGHTH CAMPAIGN! a) THE BAVIAN INSCRIPTIONS (H 3) . CA ssur 4*A-nu-um 4Hn-lil 4*H-a 4Sin dSamags 4Adad ‘4¢Marduk 4Nabia "Nuskul] Us-tar “Sibi(bi) alana?! rabtte?! . &é ina (v.7-na) gi-mir ad-na-a-tt a-na '¢1-tar-ri-e sal-mat kakkadi e-nu i-na- as-st-% i-nam-bu-u mal-ku sarru. rabbi sarru dan-nu sar kissati sar ‘Assur Sar kib- rat ul-tu [ul-la Sarrdni abé- ia| su-bat-su la t-sar-bu-u la t-nak}-ki-lu nik}-lal-as|-su e-ne-na a-na-ku ™4Sin-ahé?'-eriba sar 'Assur** a-sa-rid_ kal mal-ki sd ul-tu — st-tt 4Samsi (st) a-di e-rib “Samsi(s) .... . mér! pat-ta-a-li sé v-Sah-ru-t Ninua* a-na li-me-ti-su “kiré?! “kardneé?! gi-mir .... be-lat hur-Sa-a-ni ka- li-Su-un intb ad-na-a-ti 1. k0-10|=710| a eee eae laz|-kup a-di mé”! la i-kas-sa-du a-na su-ma- me-ti ti-mas-sir-ma am-ba-su is, wees Sa gi-mir sip-pa-a- ti ina e-ri-bi e-ri-si-ti e-li-enCalidu Saplanu! istu libbi ¢T'ar-bi-si a-di ali Sa “"Ninuai(?) mé(me) a-na mi-ris Se-am uu Samassammu %t-sam- ka-ra Sat-ti-[Sam-ma] ... lu... [i]- na sarrani?'(nt) ‘ Conjectural reading. 15. 16. 17. ee ihe ® 20. 21 . damaged (by drought) .. . the waters from the right and left of the mountain in whose sides are the... . of Me—, Kuk—(and) Biturra, towns of the neighborhood: with stone I walled that canal, and called its name Sennacherib-[Channel]. In addition to the waters from springs, and the waters which [I had earlier secured] by digging (canals), Pao oles es I directed their course to Nineveh, the great metropolis, my royal abode, whose site since days of old, the kings my fathers, had not enlarged, and whose adornment they had not undertaken, At this time, I, Sen- nacherib, king of Assyria, first among all princes, who from the rising sun to the setting sun, (with) waters from the canals which I had caused to be dug [supplied] Nineveh, together with its neighborhood. Gardens, vineyards, all kinds of .... products of all the mountains, the fruits of all lands, 5 Nhs ae I planted(?), setting free the waters where they did not reach the thirsty (field), [and reviving] its vegetation, . of all the orchards, at the entrance . . above (the city) and below( ?) from the midst of the town of Tarbisi . to Nineveh, providing for all time, water for the planting of corn and sesame among the kings 24. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. ol. 32. HISTORICAL RECORDS ARRANGED CHRONOLOGICALLY 8] maré?'-ia §dé it-ti Wb-bt us-lam-mu-ma i-na ka-a-pi la tur-ru a-ki-7 ina libbi ameabéP! an-nu-ti e-su-ti . ndru st-a-tu %-Sah-ri ni-is 4ASSur raph... libbi amsdbé?! an-nu-ti ndru st-a-tu la u-sah- ru-u (v. la ah-ru-w) vu ina satti 3 arhi la G-kat-tu-% si-pir-sa ili-ia . Sum-ma tna ig-gam-ru-t %-kat-tu-— hi- a-na pa-te-e nari Sti-a-tu “asxipu(MAS- MAS) kala(US-KU) U-Ma-2-1r ie UE aa ee abnusandyu %rukntt eS nisgur ie hula © er UD- AS?! abné?! ni-sik-ti BAL-GI'* SUHUR"™ tam-Sil bi. . . hurdst rikké?’ Samna taba a-na 7H-a bél nak-bi kup-pi wu ta-mir-te *HN-BI-LU-LU gugal naré?'? bélé(e) nappalti-[ia] ui-ka-ai-1s ki-Sa-a-ti a-na ildni?’ rabtiter’ ut- nin-Ma su-up-pi-ta is-mu-ma %-Se-Si-ru li-pit kdtat-ia bab-ndri...... au ’narpasu a-na ra-ma-ni-st Up-pi-ti-ma . u-Sar-da-a me?’ nuhsi i-na_ si-pir kata™ amélitim(tim) bdbu-su la ip-pi- [i .... ana nah(?)| b-bt alan?! u-Sah-ru ma-a-me 18-tu nart ap-pal-su-ma_ ws-te-es-se-ra_— Si- pir-sa a-na vlan”?! rabiite?! a-lik i-di-ia- ma mu-kin-nu bal-tu(du) martite?! alpé?! 1A fish mentioned in the Omen literature. 24. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. ol. o2. (com- munes with his heart) and cannot bring himself to believe that with these few people my sons, whoever reflects . I had dug that canal:—by Assur, If with these men I did not dig that canal, my great lord I take oath. and in a year (and) three months did not complete its construction, then [its construction] was not finished [nor] its excavation brought to com- pletion. To dedicate (open) that canal I sent an ashipu and a kali priest,..... sandu-stone (carnelian), lapis-lazuli, Mushgarru, Hulalu, UD-ASH stones, precious stones, a Balgi fish,! and a Suhur-lish) ee se of gold, choice oil, to Ea, lord of the springs, fountains and the plain(?), (and) Enbilulu, lord of rivers, the lords who answer my prayers(?), I presented as gifts. I prayed to the great gods, and they heard my prayers, and prospered the work of my hands. A canal- gate(sluice-gate) [I built] and the sluice-valve opened by itself and supplied the water of abundance ;— through man’s handiwork the sluice was not opened..... For the heart’s comfort(?) of the gods I dug water (courses). After I had planned the canal and directed its construc- tion, to the great gods, who go at my side, and who establish prosperity, sleek oxen and herbs, 82 33. 34, 36. ov. 38. 39. 40. 41. . Sar THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB immer é?! du-us-Su-ti “niké?? ib-bi-ti lu ak-ki “sdbé?! Si-nu-ti $4 nara su- a-tu th-ru-t kita lubulti?’ bir-me u-hal-lip-si-nu-te Sewer é”! hurdsi patré?’ hurdst as-kun- Su-nu-ti i-na sattiti-ma iu-ti ar ndru Sti-a-tu 8d ah-ru-t ut-ti™ Um-ma-an-me- nNa-nu 'Hlamti** a-di Sarrani®'(ni) ma--du-ti sé Sadi(r) u tam-tim Sd ri-su-ti-Su-nu i-na ta-mir- ti ‘Ha-lu-li-e au Sar Babili® as-ta-kan si-dir-ta i-na ki-bit Assur béli rabé(e) béli-ia kr-1 “tar-ta-hi Sam- ri i-na lb-bi-su-nu al-lik-ma_ si-kip-te ummandtec?'-?'-su-nu as-kun pu-hur-su-nu %-Sap-pi-th-ma u-par-ri-ir_el-lat-su-un “"rabite?’ sar 'Hlamti*®* a-di ™¢Nabi-sum-iskun(un) mar ”*M arduk-apla-iddina(na) Sar 'Kar-*Dun-id-das_ bal-tu-su-un ki-rib tam-ha-rt tk-si-da kata*-ai sar ‘Hlamtv®* wu sar Béabilr* tahdzi-1a dan-nt har-ba-su is-hup-su-nu-ti-ma ki-rib “narkabate?'- Su-nu U-Mas-Se-ru-Nnt_ Sd-a-Su-un a-na Su-zu-ub nap-sa-te-Su-nu ma-tu-us-su- un in-nab-tu-ma la i-tu-ru-ni_ar-kig min-di-ma ™4Sin- ahé?'-eriba sar 'AsSur™* ag-gis 1-z1z-ma a-na 'Elamti* 1-Sak-ka-nu ta-at-ar-tt hat-tu pu-luh-tu ela ‘Elamti™* ka-li-su- un w-ta-bi-tk-ma mat-su-nu t-mas-se- ru-ma a-na su-zu-ub nap-sa-te-su-nu ki-t nasri 33. 34. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. fat sheep I offered as pure sacrifices. Those men who dug that canal I clothed with brightly colored linen( ?) garments. Golden rings, daggers of gold, I put upon them. In the same year with the opening (lit. flowing) of that — canal which I dug, against Umman- menanu, . king of Elam and the king of Baby- lon together with many kings of mountain and sea, who were their allies, in the plain of the city of Halulé I drew up the battle line. At the command of Assur, the great lord, my lord, like a swift javelin I went into their midst and accomplished Their hosts I shattered, I broke up their organization. The chieftains of the king of Elam, together with Nabt- shum -ishkun, Merodach- baladan, king of Babylonia, my hands took alive in that battle. As for the king of Elam and the king of Babylonia, the dread of my terrible onslaught overcame them, they forsook their chariots, and they fled their lands to save their lives. the defeat of their armies. son of And they did not come back. There- upon Sennacherib became violently angry and as he ordered (his army) to turn toward Elam, fear and terror were poured out over all of Elam, and they left their land and, to save their lives, like the eagle 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. HISTORICAL RECORDS ARRANGED CHRONOLOGICALLY Sad-da-a mar-su tn-nin-du-ma_ ki-t a-na is-su-rt_ kiis-Su-di i(text, at)-tar- ra-[|ku] lib-bu-Su-un a-di a-mi si-tim- ti-su-nu tu-du la tp-tu-ma la e-pu-s% ta-ha-zu i-na Sanit(2) girri-ia a-na Babili®: sa (v. §d) a-na ka-sa-di v%-sa-am-me-ru-sti hi-it- mu-tis al-lik-ma ki-ma ti-ib me-hi-e a-zik-ma ki-ma im-ba-ri. as-hu-up-si(v. Su) ala ni-i-tt al-me-ma i-na pil-si wu na-p(b)al-ka-te kata|-ar tk-su- da| danntite? '-Su sihra u% raba(a) la e-zib-ma “™pagré?'- Su-nu ri-bit ale hu-bu-ut ti-mal-li "St-zu-bu Sar Babili** ga-du kim-ti-Su [. . . 2. ] ?-su bal-tu-su- un a-na ki-rib mati-ia %-bil-sv (v. la) makkir alt su-a-tu. kaspu hurdsu abné”! ni-stk-ti busi makktiru a-na kata™ |nisé?'-ia! am-ni-i-ma a-na i-di ra-ma-ni-su-nu u-tir-ru tlani”’ a-sib lib-bi-Su kata’ nisé?'-ia tk-su-su-nu-ti-ma u-Sab-bi-ru-ma [busa|-su-nu makktra-su-nu_ il-ku-ni (v. %) *Adad 4Sé-la ilani?! Sd °Ekallati?’ sé ™4Marduk-nddin- ahé?' sar 'Akkadi** a-na_ tar-si ™Tukulti(tt) -apal-e-Ssdr-ra = 'sar! 1A SSur™ il-ku-ma a-na Babila®* 4-bil-lu i-na 418 sandti?! ul-tu Babile®* 4-se-sa- am-ma a-na °E|kalldte?’| a-na as-ri- Su-nu u-tir-Su-nu-ti ala u bitdte?! 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 83 betook themselves to the inaccessible mountain(s), and, like unto birds that one pursues, their hearts were rent. To the day of their death they did not come out (lit. open any way) nor did they make war. In my second campaign I advanced swiftly against Babylon, upon whose conquest I had determined, like the oncoming of a storm I broke loose, and I overwhelmed it like a hurri- cane. I completely invested that city, with mines and engines my hands (took the city), the plunder...... his powerful..... whether small or great, I left none. With their corpses I filled the city squares (wide places). Shuzubu, king of Babylonia, together with his family and his (nobles) I carried off alive into my land. The wealth of that city,—silver, gold, precious stones, property and goods, I doled out (counted into the hands of) to my people and they made it their own. The gods dwelling therein,—the hands of my people took them, and they smashed them. Their property and goods they seized. Adad and Shala, the gods of Ekallate (a city), whom Marduk-nadin-ahé, king of Babylon, in the reign of Tiglath-pileser, king of Assyria, had seized and carried off to Babylon, after four hundred and eighteen years I brought them out of Babylon and returned them to their place in Ekal- late. The city and (its) houses,— 84. Or iS . ap-pr THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB ul-tu ussé-Su a-di gab-dib-bi-su ab-bul i-na girrt ak-mu diru u bitati?? libitt? wu epirie?’ ma-la ba-su-% ak-kur Sal-hu-u ilani®' = zik-kur-rat as-suh-ma a-na "A-ra-ah-ti ad-di ina ki-rib ali Si-a-tu "hi-ra'-a-ti ah-ri-e-ma ir-si-is-su-nu (v. om.) 7-na (v. ina) méP! as-pu-un Si-kin . us-Se-Su U-hal-lik-ma eli sd a-bu-bu na-al-ban-ta-su. %-Sa-tir as-si ah-rat a-mi kak-kar ali St-a-tu w bitdati?! alana”! la mus-si 7-na ma-a-mi us-har-mit-su- ma ag-da-mar %-Ssal-lis i-na pi-t nari $a U-Sah-ru-t i-na ki-rib §¢Ta-as 5. G6 wnunaré?! [dan-nu-ti! sa-lam ilani?! rabativ! bélé?! -ia ab-ta-ni ki-rib-su-un au sa-lam Sarru-ti-ia la-bi-in ma-har-su-un ul-ziz2 mimma lip-ta-at kata*-ia sd ki-rib Ninuat** i-tib-bu-Su st-ru-us-Su-un U-Sa-as-tir- ma . a-na Sarrdni'?'(ni)méaré'-ca e-pis-ti-is ma-ti-ma rubt ar-ku-u i-na sarrdni”! (nt) maré?'-ia Sa e-pis-tt e-pu-su . t-sah (text Sam)-hu-% rik-sa-te ar-ku- su i-pat-ta-ru mé?! pat-ta-a-ti: Sa-ti-na ul-tu ta-mir-ti Ninua®* . . . . ma-lak- Sin ol; 52. 54. or Or 56. foundation and walls (lit. from its foundation to its walls), I destroyed, I devastated, I burned with fire. The wall and outer wall, temples and gods, temple-tower of brick and earth, as many as there were, ° I razed and dumped them into the Arahtu-canal. Through the midst of that city I dug canals, I flooded its site (lit. ground) with water, and the very . foundations thereof (lit. the structure of its foundation) I destroyed. I made its destruction more complete than that by a flood. That in days to come, the site of that city, and (its) temples and gods, might not be remembered, I com- pletely blotted it out with (floods) of water and made it like a meadow. At the mouth of the canal which I dug through the midst of the mountain of Tas, I fashioned six great stelas with the images of the great gods, my lords, upon them, and my royal image, with face averted (in prayer), I set up before them. Every deed of my hands, which I wrought for the good of Nineveh, I had engraved thereon, 57. to be a memorial(?) to the kings, If ever there is a future prince among the kings, my sons, who my sons. . destroys the work which I have done, (and) breaks the covenant I have (hereby) made with him, diverts the course of the waters of those canals from the plain of Nineveh, 60. 10. . dni?! rabiite?’ ma-la i-na . ekal HISTORICAL RECORDS ARRANGED CHRONOLOGICALLY abnunaré an-ni-e Sti-mu na-bu-% i-na si-it pi-i- Su-[nu] pars? el-li §é la na-{du-u ar-rat limut]- ti li-ru-ru-su-ma lis-ki-pu palé-su 59. 60. 85 may the great gods, all whose names are named in these stelas, by the word of their mouth, a holy decree which cannot fail, curse him with an evil curse, and overthrow his rule. b) THE NEBI YUNUS INSCRIPTION (H 4) mdSin-ahé?'-eri-ba Sarru rabi Sarru dan-nu sar kissati sar 'Assur* Sar kib-rat irbittim (tim) . mi-gir ildni?’ rabiite?’ lu-li-mu ir-st ma-al-ku pit-ku-du ri-é-um ba-hu-la-a- ta . mut-tar-ru-% nisé?! rap-sa-a-ti a-na-ku 44 sSur abu ildni”! i-na kul-lat ma-li- ki . ki-ni§ tppalsa-ni-ma eli gi-mir a-sib pa-rak-ki %-Sar-ba-a “kakké?'-ia .. . . “hattu 7t-Sar-tu mu-rap-pi-sat_ mi-is-rt Si-bir-ru la pa-du-t% a-na Sum-kut za- 1-1 . t-Sat-me-ih rit-tu-i-a i-na_ ta-ha-az séri ™4Marduk-apla-iddina(na) sar 'Kar-4dun-id-ags . mK al-du vu *A-ra-me a-di ummanat??! Elamti** ri-si-Su a-bu-bis as-pu-un Su-t . a-na mat tam-tim e-dis tp-par-sid-ma tldni®* ma-sal médti-Su it-ti mesréte (GIR-PAD-DU)?! abé?!-&u . mah-ru-ti ul-tu ki-rib kimahhi th-pi- ir-ma nisé?'[-Su] a-na ki-rib “elippate?' u-se-li-ma a-na °‘Na-gi-ti sd e-bir-tan "Mar-rat e-bir-ma i-na as-ri 1: 10. . he put into my hand. Palace of Sennacherib, the great king, the mighty king, king of the universe, king of Assyria, king of the four quarters (of the world); . favorite of the great gods; wise sover- eign, provident prince, shepherd of peoples, . ruler of widespread nations, am I. Assur, father of the gods, regarded me with favor . above (lit. among) all princes, and made great above all (those) who dwell in palaces; my arms . a righteous scepter, which enlarges the border, an unsparing lance for the overthrow of my enemies, In open battle (lit. a battle of the plain) like a hurri- cane (deluge) I cast down Merodach- baladan, king of Babylonia, . the Chaldeans and Aramaeans, to- gether with the armies of Elam, his ally. That one . fled alone to the Sea-land and the gods of his whole land, with the bones of his fathers, . (who lived) before (him), (which) he gathered from their coffins, and his people, he loaded on ships and crossed over to Nagitu, which is on the other side of the Bitter-Sea (Persian Gulf); and in that 86 17 12. 13. 14, 15. 16. Lis 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB Su-a-tu i-mid sad-da-su gi-mir mati-su ak-sud(ud)-ma Sal-la-tis am-nu aldni?'- Su ab-bul ak-kur i-na girrt ak-mu ak-Sud(ud) °Hi-rim- mu wv mat *”La-su-bi-gal-la-ai mat ‘EI- li-pr u-sal-pit-ma vt-ab-bit da-dd-me-sa sd ™Du-li-t sar “Si-du-un-ni e-kim sarrt- su ™T'u-ba--lu i-na “kusst-Su t-se-sib-ma man-da-at-tu béli-ti-ia wu-kin si-ru- Us-SU u-sal-pit rap-su na-gu-t ‘Ta-v-di. ™Ha- 2a-ki-a-% Sarra-st e-mid ap-sa-a-ni amélitt ¢°Tu-mur-ra-ai —_a-si-bu-ut Sadi(2) mar-si i-na “kakki v-sam-kit ‘Uk-ku a-di nap-har da-dd-me-su ki-ma_ tal a-bu-bi t-ab-bit nisé?! 'Hi-lak-ki a-si- bu-ut hur-sa-a-ni_a-nar i-na “kakki aléni?'- Su-nu ab-bul ak-kur i-na girrt ak-mu eTil-ga-rim-mu 'Ta-ba-li aksud(ud)-ma v-tir a-na kar-me °Na- gi-tu °Na-gi-tu-di->-bi-na 'Hi-il-mu 'Bil-la- tu ‘Hu-pa-pa-a-nu na-gi-e sa sar 'Hlamti”! sd i-na e-bir-tan tamtim Sa pa-at sit-ku-na-at St-bat-sun sé niséP! ‘Bit-"La-kin la-pa-an “kakké-ia dan- nu-ti tldni?! mati-su-un i-na Subti-su- NU id-ku-% tam-tim e-bi-ru-ma %-si-bu ki- rib-Su-un i-na “elippdte?’ 'Hat-tr 1 That is, Syrian, Phoenician, ships. it 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. ia 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. place he died. The whole of his land I conquered and counted as booty. His cities I destroyed, I devastated, I burned with fire. I conquered Hirimmu and the land of the Yasubi- gallai; the land of the Ellipi I overthrew, and I destroyed its towns. I deprived Luli, king of Sidon, of his kingdom. Tuba’lu I set on his throne and imposed my royal tribute upon him. I overthrew the wide province of Judah. On Hezekiah, its king, I laid my yoke. The people of Tumur, who live in the steep mountains, I cut them down with the sword. Ukku with all of its towns, I destroyed (so that they were) like ruins (left by) a hurricane (deluge). The people of Cilicia, who live in the mountains, I slew with the sword; their cities I destroyed, I devastated, I burned with fire. Til-garimmu, which is on the border of Tabalu, I captured and turned into ruins. Nagitu, Nagitu-di’ bina, Hilmu, Billatu, Hupa- panu, the provinces of the king of Elam, which lie on the other side of the sea, where the people of Bit-Yakin, gathering the gods of their lands out of their shrines, before my mighty arms, and crossing the sea, had settled,—in Hittite! ships 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. ol. 32. 33. 34. HISTORICAL RECORDS ARRANGED CHRONOLOGICALLY . §é i-na Ninua®’ wv ¢Til-bar-si-ip e-pu- Su tam-tim lu e-bir aldni?' sd ki-rib na-gi-e Sa-tu-nu aksud(ud)-ma i-na girrt ak-mu nisé?? "Bit--La-kin u alan? '-Su-nu a-di ba-hu-la-a-te sar 'Klamti** as-lu- lam-ma a-na 'Assur** v%-ra-a ar-ka Babilai*'?! ga it-ti ™¢*Marduk- apla-iddina(na) t-su-t% in-nab-tu E- lam-tas Sar 'Elamti** a-na Baébili** (aljilliku- “nim-ma ™Si-zu-bu mar "Ga-hul i-na ~kusst Sarru-te eli-Su-nu %-Se-Sib-ma_ sabéP! vkakki (so Sm.-Sayece, IR has ~hattz) ~narkabati?’ sisé?' ki-sir Ssarru-ti-ia a-na mi-th-rit Sar 'Elamti®* t-ma--ir ummédndtec?! ma--du it-tt mdari-su i-du-ku-ma i-tur ar-ka-nis Si-nu a-di! Uruk¥* 7is-tam-di-hu dSamag §é Larsa** ¢Béltu $4 Eridu® (? text NUN-E-SI) *Béltu $4 Uruk 4N a-na-a 40 -sur-a-mat-sa *Be-lit bald ti ¢Kurun- nam(GAS-TIN-nam) ‘¢Kas-si-tu 4Nergal (IGI-DU) tlana?! a-si-bu-ut Uruk** a-di bust-su-nu = makktra- Su-nu Sd la ni-bi ts-lu-lu-ni i-na ta-ai- ar-ti-Su-nu ™St-zu-bu sar Babile™ i-na tahdz sére bal-tu-su ik-si-da kdtdé¢-su-un e-ri- in-nu 1Smith-Sayce, na. 2 Usually identified with Birejik, on the upper Euphrates. 24. 25 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. ol. 32. 33. 34. 87 which I built in Nineveh and Til- barsip,? I crossed the sea. The cities of . those captured and burned with fire. The people of Bit- Yakin, and their gods, together with the men of the king of Elam, I carried off and brought them to Assyria. Afterwards, the Babylonians who had left with Merodach-baladan and had fled to Elam, (and) the king of Elam, came to Babylon, and he (the Elamite king) placed Shuzubu, son of Gahul, on the royal throne Soldiers, chariots, horses, my royal host, against provinces I° over them. the king of Elam I sent. Many of his host, together with his son, they slew, and he turned back. But they marched on to Erech. Shamash of Larsa, Beltis of Eridu( ?), Beltis of Erech, Nana, Usuramatsa, Beltis (goddess) of life, Kurunnam, Kashshitu, Nergal, the gods dwelling in Erech, as well as their property and their goods,—there was no numbering it, they carried off as spoil. On their return (march) they (lit. their hands) seized Shuzubu, king of Babylon, alive, in open battle (lit. battle of the plain). They threw But see Hall, Ancient History of the Near East, p. 488, n. 4, where reference is made to R. C. Thompson’s identification of this place with Tell Ahmar, near Jerabis. 88 35. 36. ie 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44, 45. 46. 47. THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB bi-ri-tu. id-du-si-ma_ a-di mah-ri-ia ub-lu-nis-si i-na abulli kabal ala sda Ninua** ar-ku-su da-bu-t-e§ sar 'Elamti®* sa ri-su-ut ™Babila® ?! al-li-ku a-na mati-su lu al-lik aldni?! dan-nu-te bit-ni-sir-ti-Su au aldni?’ sthriti?! sa li-me-ti-su-nu a-di ne-ri-bi sé 'Bit-"Bu-na-ak-ki al-me ak-Sud(ud) as-lu-la sal-la-su-un ab-bul ak-kur t-na girrt ak-mu sar 'Elamtc* ka-sad_ aldni?'-Su is-me-ma_ im-ku-su hat-tum si-it-tt nisé?! mdti-su a-na dan-na-a-ti u-Se-li Su-% “Ma-dak-tu al Sarru-ti-su e-zib-ma a-na °Ha-i-da-la sé ki-rib §ad-di-i 1s-ta-kan pa-ni-su a-na ‘“Ma-dak-te al sarru-ti-su a-la-ku ak-bi 7 Tebitu ku-us-su dan-nu tk-st- dam-ma sa-mu-tum la zi-iz-tum il-lik-ma sal-gu na-hal-lum na-ad-bak sadi(z) a-du-ra u-tir-ma a-na 'Assur** as-ba-ta har-ra-na ar-ka Sar 'E-lam-ti 'Par-su-as 'An-za-an 'Pa-si-ru 'Hl-li-pt nap-har 'Kal-di am A-ra-me ka-li-Su-un kit-ru rabii(i) ik-te-ra it-ti-Su a-di sar 'Babili** a-na a-ha-mes tk-ri-bu-ma a-na e-pis tahdzi i-na trti-ta iliku-ni t-na e-muk 44 Sur béli-ia i-na ta-mir-tt °*Ha-lu- li-e (text, na) 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44, 45, 46. 47. him fettered into a cage and brought him before me. I tied him up in the middle city-gate of Nineveh, like a pig. The king of Elam who had come to aid the Babylonians,— against his land I marched. The strong cities, his treasure-houses (cities), and the small cities of their environs, as far as the pass of (or, entrance to) Bit-Bunakki, I besieged, I captured, I carried off their spoil, I destroyed, I devastated, I burned with fire. The king of Elam heard of the capture of his cities and terror fell upon him. The remnant of the people of his land he brought up into strongholds, while he (himself) forsook Madaktu, his royal city, and turned his face toward Haidala which is in the midst of the mountains. To Madaktu, his royal city, I ordered the march. Tebitu (the tenth Baby- lonian month) (with) severe weather (cold) set in, uninterrupted rains came on, and snow. I was afraid of the swollen mountain streamsand turned back and took the road to Assyria. Thereupon the king of Elam gathered to himself a large body of confederates,—(the men) of Parsuas, Anzan, Pashiru, Ellipi, the whole of Chaldea, and all the Aramaeans. These, with the king of Babylon, drew near en masse, and set upon me, offering battle. (Trusting) in the might of Assur, my lord, I fought with them in the plain of Halulé, 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 4. 0d. c) . [urd] ar-ka Sar(?) [. .. . [("¢Marduk'-apla-iddina(na) 7 . [“\kakké?'-ca dan-nu-ti [ig-rul-ru-ma . [Sti-zu-bu HISTORICAL RECORDS ARRANGED CHRONOLOGICALLY it-ti-Su-nu am-da-hi-is tahtd-su-nu as-kun 150,000 sabé?' tahdzi-su-nu i-na “kakki u-Sam-kit “narkabdate®’ “su-wm-ba-a-ti vea-ra-ti. Sarru-ti-su-nu_e-kim-su-nu-ti amrabtite?'-su-nu a-di =™4Nabii-sum- iskun(un) mar md Marduk-apla- iddina(na) Sa i-na “narkabate?! kaspi [u-Su-uz|-zu as-ma-a-ti: hurdsi tul-lu-t patré?! hurdst sit-ku-nu uw i-na [Seweré?"! hurdst ru-uk-ku-sa rit-li-su- un bal-tu-su-un ki-rib-— tam-ha-ri ik-su-da kdtét-ai Sar Babili®’ wu sar 'Elamtc* har-ba-Su tahdzi-ia ~~ is-hwp-su-nu-te ki-rib vnarkabdte?'-su-nu t-mas-se-ru-nt Zu- u-Su-un e-dis tp-par-sid-du-ma ma-tu- US-SU-UN in-nab-tu 48 49. 52. 53. 54. 55. 89 . I defeated them, cutting down with the sword 150,000 of their warriors. Their chariots, wagons and royal tents I took from them. . Their nobles, as well as Nabti-shum- ishkun, son of Merodach-baladan, who stood (?) on silver chariots, . were bedecked with golden orna- ments, wore golden daggers, had their fingers covered (lit. bound) with golden rings, I (lit. my hands) captured alive in the battle. As for the king of Baby- lon and the king of Elam, the chilling terror of my battle overcame them, they let their dung go into their chariots, they ran off alone, and fled their land. SLAB CONTAINING AN ABBREVIATED RECORD OF THE EIGHT ROYAL CAMPAIGNS, WITH THE ACCOUNT OF A LATE CAMPAIGN (BY THE KING’S GENERALS?) AGAINST ARABIA (H5) . [a-di bal-hu-la-ti [sar Elamti aslulam- ma ana 'Assur* ‘| Spomiitis.. seal . [d'-us-su-ma in-nab-tu E-lam-tas . (BE -la-mu-t a-na Babili®* (aljilliku- nim-|ma] i|-na “kusst Sarru- ti eli-Su-nu %t-se-[sib] ik, . together with] the men of [the king 2 [The people of Bit-Yakinand their gods of Elam I carried off and brought them to Assyria!. . Afterwards [the Babylonians had . .... [with] Merodach-baladan...... he. ae [before] my mighty weapons had run away and had gone forth and fled to who alte) Je" 8” these and] the Elamite came to Babylon, . [and he (the Elamite king)] placed [Shuzubu] on the royal throne over them. 90 10. 11: 12. 13. 14. 16. lis 18. 19. 20. a) 22. 23. THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB . [sdbé?! “hatte “narkabdte?'| sisé?! ki-sir Sarru-ti-ia a-na me-th-rit [Sar ‘Hlamti** umarir| ummdandte°?'-su ma--du it-ti mari-su i-'du'-ku-ma [iturma arkanis Sunu adi] Uruk** is-tam-di-hu 4Samas sé Larsa** [ Pere ee alani?'| a-si-bu-ut kir-bi-su a-di busé-su-nu [makktrisunu sa la nibi 281-lu-lu-ni ina ta-ai-ar-ti-Su-nu ™S%-zu-bu [sar Babilt ina tahdz séri’ bal-tu-su is-ba-tu-nim-ma a-di mah-ri-ia . [ublainissu ina abulli! kabal alc sa Ninua* ar-ku-su da-bu-t-es [Sar EHlamti** Sa ri-su-lut ¢Bdabilé** P! al-li-ku lana matisu lu allik aldni?'| dan-nu-ti bit-ni-sir-ti-su u alam?’ sihrite?! [Sa limétisunu adi] ne-ri-bi Sd "Bit- ™Bu-na-ak-ki al-me akSud(ud) laslula Sallasun ab-|bu-ul ak-kur 7i-na gurrt ak-mu [Sar 'Hlamtt kasdd aldni”'-su 1s]-me-ma im-kut-su hat-tum si-it-ti nisé?’ mati- Su lana dannati uséli st al-na “Ma-dak-tu al Sarru-ti-su e-zib-ma [ana ‘Haidala sa kirib! Sadi(2) is-ta-kan pa-ni-Su lana ‘Madaktu al sarré-ti'-su a-la-ku ak-bi %Tebétu. ku-us-su dan-nu 0: 10. Li. 12 13. 14. 15. 16. Lie 18. Lo, 20. 21. 22. 23. [Soldiers, chariots] horses, my royal host, against [the king of Elam I sent]. Many of his host, together with his son, they slew. But {I turned back, while they] marched on to Erech, Shamash of Larsa, [the gods] dwelling therein (that is, in Erech) together with their property [and their goods,—there was no numbering it], they carried off as spoil. On their return (march), Shuzubu [king of Babylon] they captured alive in open battle and [brought him] before me. I tied him up [in the gate] in the middle the city of Nineveh like a pig. [The king of Elam] who had come to the aid of the Babylonians,— [against his land I marched.] The strong cities, his treasure-houses (cities) and the small cities [of their environs, as far as] the pass of (or, entrance to) Bit-Bunakki, I besieged, I captured, [I carried off their spoil], I destroyed, I devastated, I burned with fire. [The king of Elam] heard of the [cap- ture of his cities] and terror fell upon him. The remnant of the people of his land [he brought up into strongholds,] while he himself forsook Madaktu, his royal city and turned his face to [Haidala which is in the] midst of the mountains. [To Madaktu, his royal] city, I ordered the march. Tebetu,! with severe weather ‘The tenth Babylonian month, that is, December-January. HISTORICAL RECORDS ARRANGED CHRONOLOGICALLY 91 [a-du-ra'! u-tir-ma a-na 'A sur? as-ba-la har-ra-nu BOs ts: 3 Sti-ub na-gi-su i-na ela ti-la-ni 26. . . . [se-at-|ta nisé?! mati-su sda la-pa- an “kakké?'-ia 27. [ipparsidh ... . 2... u-se|-ri-dam-ma u-Se-sib di-ra-a-w eae nisé?! mati-su ak-si-ud-ma Ssal- la-tis am-nu PA Pi ae ina girrt ak-mu e"Babilak* P! Be eae [¢p-hu'-ru-ma = ik-nu-Su—— S- pal-su 1S Pam [a-na] Si-an-na* a-la-ku ak-bi Rev. ae mete : u% mi-sa-ti-1§ hat-tum im-kut-su- nu-te 2. [.... tp-tul-t% hurdsa kaspa ni-sik-ti abné”! a-na sar Elamtvi** 3. [¢s-pul-ru-su ki-a-am a-na Babilv* | EYE gat Pe tu-kul-ta-nt lu at-ta su-u [sar] Elamtc* Seekers ee lakSud-|ma as-lu-la Sal-la-su aldni?'-su ab-bu-la Eile Sa ar ak|-mu-t i-na uz-ni-su ul 2b- Sa-a {hci ee [da-|?-tu *"Babilé™ »' im-hur|[- ma| Be ay ais ul ik-ba-a e-pi-su-un 9. [. . . . t-pal-hi-ir-ma 'Par-su-as 'An- za-an 'Pa-si-ru 24. [) | . [asa gift they sent. [sets it ees | I was afraid [of the swollen mountain streams] and turned back and took the road to Assyria. .... Of his province upon tells. Aha A eee the rest of the people of his land who [had fled] before my weap- ons, .... he(?) brought down and settled in the forests(?). . ... the people of his land, I cap- tured and counted as spoil. A eh I burned with fire. The Babylonians .... gathered together and sub- mitted to him. . . . . L ordered the march to Baby- lon (Shuanna). .... With lamentation. Fear fell upon them. . [The treasury of Esagila they opened], gold, silver, precious stones to the king of Elam Their messenger] they dispatched with the message: . “To Babylon [hasten, come to our ald (side)] for thou art our trust.” That Elamite [king] . [whom in the course of my former campaign I had defeated], had carried off his spoil, had destroyed his cities, . [had devastated and] burned [them] with fire, who hadn’t any sense, received the gifts of the Baby- lonians. did not tell them what to do( ?) [his army and camp] he and Parsuash, Anzan, ‘i Os ns gathered Pashiru. 13. 14, 15. 16. ib f: 18. AME 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB Fav eieigy < tea® am A -ra-me ka-li-su-un kit-ru rabi(%) eins (Babli médré Badbili®* Bar- sip** Pie aes [al-na e-pis ta-ha-zt a-na irti-1a illiku(ku)-ni lina emuk ¢Assur bélia ina] ta-mir-te ‘(Ha-lu-li|-e it-ti-su-nu lamdahis tahtésunu askun] 150,000 lamsabér! ta-ha]-2i-su-nu lina “kakki usamkit “narkabdte?! “sul- um-ba-a-ti “za-ra-ti |Sarru-ti'-Su-nu e-kim-su-nu-ti ~ lrabite?'-sunu adi ™?Nabii|-sum-iskun (un) mar ™¢Marduk-apla-iddina(na) [sa ina “narkabdti”! kaspi usuz]-zu (?) as-ma-a-lt hurdsi tul-lu-i = patré?! hurdsi sit-ku-nu lu ina Seweré?! hurdsi ruj-uk-ku(text lu)-sa rit-ti-su-un bal-tu-us-su[-un] |kirib tamhari tk-si'-da kdtaé*-ai Sar Babilt®* wv sar ‘Elamte* [harbasu tahdzia is|-hup-su-nu-ti ki-rib vnarkabdte?'-Su-nu U-mas-se-ru-nt [ztisun edis tpparsidu'-ma ma-tu-us- Su-un in-nab-tu fTelhul-nu sar-rat *”A-ra-bi i-na ki-rib mad-ba-rt [. . . 2],000 gammalé?! e-kim ka-tus-sa si-t ut-ti ™Ha-za-ilu [.... harbasu ta-ha-zi)-ia is-hup- Su-nu-tt kul-ta-ri-su-nu t-mas-se-ru- ma . [. . . .J-lu *A-du-wm-ma-te a-na nap- §a-a-ti in-nab-tu 10 iis 12: 13. 14. Ae Li 18. 12: 21. 22. . [I cut down with the sword. all the Aramaeans, an enor- mous host of confederates [he called to his side. Babylon’ and the Babylonians, Borsippa land the men of Borsippa _to make battle they came on against me. [In the might of Assur my lord], in the plain of Halulé, [I fought] with them, [I defeated them], 150,000 of their warriors Their chariots], wagons, and royal tents I took from them. Their nobles, as well as Nabd-shum- ishkun, son of Merodach-baladan, who stood (?) on silver chariots, were bedecked with golden ornaments, wore golden daggers, [had their fingers] covered with [golden rings], these, alive [in the midst of the battle] my hand captured. The king of Babylon and _ the king of Elam,— 20. [the chilling terror of my battle] overcame them and they let their dung go into their chariots. [They ran off alone] and fled their land. . . . [Telhunu], queen of the Arabs, in the midst of the desert, x thousand camels I took from her hand. She, with Hazael, [the terror of my battle] overcame them, they left their tents, to). these tot they fled for their lives. Adummatu HISTORICAL RECORDS ARRANGED CHRONOLOGICALLY 93 Rev. 26. [. . . . *A-dul-wm-ma-tu 8d mad-ba-ri Sit-ku-na-at §i-bat-sun eae | la ba-su-% ki-rib-sul-un| su-me Sd ri-t-lu mas-ki-tu ki-rib 26. sw 27 [and] Adummatu, which are situated in the desert, ... . Of thirst, wherein there are no feeding nor drinking places. d) SEAL OF TUKULTI-URTA I (H6) 1. [?Tukult)-MAS gar kisSati apil 4Sulmdnu(nu)-asaridu sar "Assur 2. kisitti(ti) “Kar-du mu-ni-kir sitri-ia — Sumi-ia 3. Assur 4Adad sum-su mat-su lu-hal-li- ku 4, erukunukku an-nu-u itu ‘Assur ana ‘Akkadt** sa-ri vk-ta-din 5. ana-ku ™4Sin-ahé?'-eriba sar Assur . ina 600 sandte®’ Bab-ili akSud(ud)-ma 7. itu makkir Bab-ili us-si-si-as-su or) Edge makktr Sa-ga-ra-ak-ti-Sur-ia-d& Sar kissate Rev. 1. ¢Tukulti-MAS Sar kisSati —apil 4Sulmdnu(nu)-Casaridu> sar "Assur 2. [kisitte|(te) 'Kar-du-ni-si = mu-ni-kir Sitri-ia Sumi-1a 3. Assur 4Adad sum-su mdt-su lu-hal- li-ku 4, makktir Sa-ga-ra-ak-ti-Sur-ia-d& Sar kissate 5. Sa ina eli &™“kunukki sé ukni if. ise MON Tukulti-Urta, king of the universe, son of Shalmaneser, king of Assyria. Booty of Babylonia. Who blots out my inscribed name, . may Assur and Adad destroy his name and his land. . This seal found some hidden way from Assyria to hostile Akkad. I, Sennacherib, king of Assyria, after 600 years, took Babylon, and from the (booty) of Babylon, I selected it. wealth Property of Shagarakti-Shuriash, king of the universe. . Tukulti-Urta, king of the universe, son of Shalmaneser, king of Assyria. Booty of Babylonia. Who blots out my written name, . may Assur and Adad destroy his name and his land. Property of Shagarakti-Shuriash, king of the universe. . What was on a seal-cylinder of lapis- lazuli. ib CHAPTER VI “THE PALACE WITHOUT A RIVAL” EARLIEST RECORD! OF THE IMPROVEMENTS UNDERTAKEN BY SENNACHERIB AT NINEVEH (A1) 63. i-na t-mi?-si-ma_ Ninua** ma-ha-zu3 64. 65. 66. 67. si-z-ru alu na-[ram] 4Is-tar sé nap-har ki-du-di-e tldm”! w4 41 stardte?! ba-su-u4 ki-rib-st tim-me-en-nu da-ru-% du-ru-us sa-[a]|-ti Sd ul-tu ul-la it-ti si-tir bu-ru-wm5-me is-rat-su is-rit-ma si-pu-% si-in-du-su® as-ru. nak-lu’ si-bat pi-ris-ti sa’ mimma sum-su® si-pir ni-kal-tim™ gi-mir bil-lu-di-e ni-sir-ti!! LAL.GAR Su-ta-bu-lu ki-rib-su Sé ul-tu ul-la Sarrdni?'(ni) a-[li]-kut mah-ri abé?"8-1a ul-la-nu-u-a be-lu-ut! LA SSur®* e-pu-su-ma t-ma-i-ru> ba-u- lat ¢Hn-lil w Sat-ti'®-sam la na-par-ka-a {e]-rib la nar-ba-a-ti bilat mal-ki kib-rat ar-ba-?1 im-da-na'8-ha-ru ki-rib-st 63. At that time, Nineveh, the noble 6 6 6 (=p) 4. 5. 6. metropolis, the city beloved of Ishtar, wherein are all the meeting-places of gods and goddesses; the everlasting substructure, the eternal foundation; whose plan had been designed from of old, and whose structure had been made beautiful along with the firmament of heaven; the beautiful (artistic) place, the abode of divine law (decision, rule), into which had been brought all kinds of artistic workmanship, every secret and pleasant (?) plan (or command, of god); where from of old, the kings, who went before, my fathers, had exer- cised the lordship over Assyria before me, and had ruled the subjects of Enlil, . and yearly without interruption, had received therein an unceasing income, the tribute of the princes of the four quarters (of the world). 1 Written after the first campaign. The bracketed portions of the transliterations are for the most part restored from variants, and are therefore not conjectural. 2 C1-4, me. 8 C14, Sd. 3 C1-4, zi. ° Bl, C14, du. 4C1-4, u. 10 B1, C1-4, ti. 5C1-4, a. C1, te. 6 C4, Su. 2 Cl, 3, la. 7 C3, lum. 18 C1, 4, abi. 94 4 Bl, tu, Cl-4, ti. 1% C1, ir; C4, tr-ru. 16 Cl, 2, 4, td. 17 Cl, 4, om. 18 Bl, C2, 3, insert ah. 68. 69. 70. ray 72. (Es “THE PALACE WITHOUT A RIVAL” ai-um-ma_ i-na! lib?-bi-Su-nu—a-na ekalli ri-mit be-lu-luw sd sut-hur® su-bat-su li-e-su ul id’-da-a lib-bu-us ul th?-su-us kir-bi-si = kum-mu a-na st-te-Sur stk ali uw Sum-dul ri-ba- a-li ha-ri-e nari za-ka-ap sip-pa-a-te® W-zu-un-Su ul ib-si-ma ul us-ta-bil ka-ras-su ta-q-ti ™ 4Sin-ahé?'-eri-ba sar 'A ssur** e-pis Sip-ri St-a-tu ki-c te-im cldni?! na uz-ni-ia ib-si-ma ka-bit-ti ub- lam-ma te-ne-sit |'Kal]-di °"A-ra-mu8 'Man- na-ai 'Ku-e ul4 'Hi-lak-ku sa® a-na ni-ri-ia'® la kit-nu-su" as-su'8-ha-am- ma dup-sik-ku'!® %-sa-as-s1-su-nu-ti- ma, il-bi-nu libitta a-pt ku-pr|-e?! sd] kirtb **Kal-di ak-sit- ma ap-pas-ri-su-un* sam-hu-ti i-na ba-hu-la-ti® na-ki-rt ko?®-sct-ti katae-1a u-Sal-di-da a-na e-pis Sip-ri-sa ekallu mah-[ri-tu] sa 30 GAR sid-du u 10 GAR pit-sa sd Sarréni?'(nt) a-li- kut pa-ni abé?'-ia %-se-pi-si-ma_ la u-nak-ki-lu si-pir-sa 68. 69. 70. iA 72. 73. 95 Not one among them had given his thoughtful attention to, nor had his heart considered, the palace therein, the place of the royal abode, whose site had become too small; (nor) had he turned his thought (lit. ear), nor brought his mind (lit. liver), to lay out the streets of the city, to widen the squares, to dig a canal, to set out trees. But I, Sennacherib, king of Assyria, gave my thought (ear) and brought my mind, to accomplish this work according to the command (will) of the gods. The people of Chaldea, the Ara- maeans, the Mannai, (the people) of Kue and Hilakku, who had not sub- mitted to my yoke, I snatched away (from their lands), made them carry the basket and mold bricks. I cut down the reed marshes which are in Chaldea, and had the men of the foe whom my handshad conquered drag their mighty reeds (to Assyria) for the completion of its work. The former palace, which was30GAR” on the side and 10 GAR on its front, which the kings, who went before, my fathers, had built, whose structure they had not, however, made artistic, 1Cl1, 3, 4, ina. 1 C3, a-a. 19 Bl, ki. 2C1-4, lib. 21, 4, a. 20 C3, om. 3 Bl, C1+4, ti. 13 C1-4, me. 21 C3, 4. 4 C3, zu. 14 C1-4 om. and add ?! Pi- 2Cl, ¢. 6 C14, ub-hu-ru. lis-tu(te) wu! Sur-ri after Hilakku. 3 C3, om. 6 Bl, i; C3, id-di. * BI, C1-+, Sd. 4 C3, om. 703, lip. 16 C3, ni-rt_ be-lu-ti-ia; Cl, 5 C2, te. 8B1, Cl-4, ti. nirir-ta. 26 C3 inserts w. 9 C3, uz. “BI, si, C1-4, tk-nu-Su, 27 A GAR was equal to two Bi, at. 16C1, 4, hu. “reeds”’ or 12 cubits. 96 ~J —J ay To: (00) — qn THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB $d ul-tu |ti-me ru-|ku-ti ’Te-bil-ti 1-ta-a- Sa i-ba->-ma i-na us-si-sa ab-bu %-sab- , su-t% U-ri-ib-bu._ tim-me-en-sa lekalla sihra sa-a-tu] a-na_ si-hir-ti-sa ak-kur-ma sd "Te-bil-ti ma-lak-sa us- tib-ma t-Se-sir Mu-sUu-Sa . i-na [arhi] se[-me-e t-na] t-mi mit-ga-re ki-rib ka-tim-ti a-sur-rak-ki-sa 60 Sid-du 34 pitu aban sadi(c) dan-nu ak-si-ma ekla ul-tu ma-a-me v-se-lam- ma na-ba-lis %-Se-me la-ba-rig ti-me i-na mili kis-Sa-ti te- me-en-st la e-ni-si as-kup-pat &"“pi- rab-ba-a-ti hi-ra t-dan-na su-pu-uk-su 2-li a-Sur-ru-Su— U-Sa-as- 120+50 a-na e-la-ni tam-la-a t%-mal-li-ma e-lt mi-si- ti-ip-ki — si-ru-us-sin th-ti ekalli mah-ri-te t-rad-di-ma t-sa- an-di-la ti-sar-sa ekal Sin pirt “usu Yurkarinnu “mu- suk-kan-ni “erinnu “Surménu “burdsu u”’bu-ut-niekalZAG.DU.NU.TUK.A (ekal Sdninu la isi) a-na mu-sab Sarru-ti-ia t-se-pi-Sa ki-rib-sa wgustre?’ verint tar-bit *4¢Ha-ma-nim Sd ul-tu. hur-sa-a-nt_ ru-ku-d-tt. nam- ra-si-is ip-sal-lu-ni u-sal-ri-sa_ta-ra- an-Si-in w~daldti?’ “Surméni si-ra-a-li sd i-na pi-te-e uw ta-a-ri e-ri-eS ta-a-bu me-sir siparrt nam-ri U-sir-kis-ma %-rat-ta-a ba-bi-sin 74, he 78. wos 80. 81. up to whose side the Tebiltu river had come from days of old, had worked havoe with its foundation and destroyed its platform,— . that small palace I tore down in its totality. The course (that is, the channel) of the Tebiltu I improved and directed its outflow.. .. In a propitious month, on a favorable day, in its (the river’s) hidden bed, (for a space of) 60 (GAR) on the side, and 384 (GAR) on the front, I covered over great mountain boulders, and made a field rise up from the water, and made it like unto the dry land. Lest in the passing of days its platform should give way before the (floods of) high-water, I set up great slabs of limestone around its walls, and strengthened its structure (lit. up- heaping,—of earth) ; over these (slabs) I filled in the terrace to a height of 170 t¢pku,—I added to the site (lit. measurement) of the former palace, and widened its bul- warks. Thereon (lit. therein) I had them build a palace of ivory, ebony(?), boxwood( ?), musukannu-wood, cedar, cypress and spruce, the “ Palace with- out a Rival,’ for my royal abode. Beams of cedar, the product of Mt. Amanus, which they dragged with difficulty out of (those) distant moun- tains, I stretched across their ceil- ings(?). Great door-leaves of cypress, whose odor is pleasant as they are opened and closed, I bound with a band of shining copper and set up in their doors. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. “THE PALACE WITHOUT A RIVAL” bit ap-pa-a-te tam-sil ekal 'Hat-ti sd i-na li-Sa-a-ni 'Amurri™ bit hi-la-a-ni i-Sa-as-su-su a-na mul-ta->-u-ti be-lu- ti-ia ti-Se-pi-sa ki-rib-sin IS) nésér! pi-tan bir-ki Si-ta-ki-ti 8d i-na 38X8,600+600 bilat éri nam-ru pi-ti-ik *NIN-A-GAL lu-% nam-ri-ri SU-pu-Su-ma u 2 dim-me si-ta-hu-ti sd 38,600+4X 600 bilat pi-ti-ik si-par-ri sv-wb-bu-? a-di 2 dim-me “erint rabiiti”! eli ug-gal- li-e %-kin-ma dap-pi ku-lul babi-si-in e-mid ir|-bit sénu Sadi(dz)| "lamassu sd] kaspi si-par-ri it-ti séni Sadi(dz) lamassi sd abnuSadi(?) es-ki nak-lig ab-ni-ma a-na ir-bit-ti Sa-a-ri %-Sa-as-bi-ta Sigar-si-in as-mu as-kup-[pat %pij-i-li rab-ba-a-ti da- dd-me na-ki-ri ki-sit-ti kata*-ia ki-rib- Si-in ts-si-ha a-sur-ru-si-in V-Sa-as-hi- ra a-na tab-ra-a-ti v-sa-lik »Sar-mah-hu tam-sil *4Ha-ma-nim sa gi-mir rikkéce! ?! mbusin-pa-a-te isé?! biblat(lat) sa-di-c Ww 'Kal-di_ ki-rib-su hur-ru-st 1-ta-a-Sa az-ku-up as-St za-ka-ap sip-pa-a[-ti] ekla ta- mir-ti e-li-en ali 2 PI(TA-AM) a-na maré?’ Ninuak’ pil-ku %-pal-lik-ma u-sad-gi-la pa-nu-us-su-un 1 That is, a “‘western,’’ Syrian, palace, as the next phrase clearly shows. 82. 83. 84. 86. 87. 88. 97 A portico, patterned after a Hittite! palace, which they call in the Amorite tongue a Dbit-hilani, I constructed inside them (the doors),? for my lordly pleasure. Hight lions, open at the knee, advan- cing, constructed out of 11,400 talents of shining bronze, the workmanship of the god Nin-a-gal, and exceedingly glorious, together with 2 colossal pillars whose copper work came to 6,000 talents, and two great cedar pillars, (which) I placed upon the lions (colossi), I set up as posts to support their doors. . Four mountain-sheep, as protecting deities, of silver and copper, together with mountain-sheep, as protecting deities, of great blocks of mountain stone, I fashioned cunningly, and setting them toward the four winds, (directions) I adorned their entrances. Great slabs of limestone, the enemy tribes, whom my hands had con- quered, dragged through them (the doors), and I had them set up around their walls,—I made them objects of astonishment. A great park, like unto Mt. Amanus, wherein were set out all kinds of herbs and fruit trees,—trees, such as grow on the mountains and in Chaldea, I planted by its (the palace’s) side. That (they might) plant orchards, I subdivided some land in the plain above the city, into plots of 2 PI each,* for the citizens of Nineveh, and gave it to them. For the kind of structure that is meant we must turn to the seventh chapter of I Kings. 2 The portico opened on the inner court. 3 A PI, or 60 ka, was probably a little under an acre. 98 89. 90. ol: 92. 93. 94. THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB a-na be-ra-a-ti Sum-mu-hi ul-tu pa-a- te ¢Ki-si-ri a-di ta-mir-ti Ninua* sada(a) u bi-ru-ti i-na ag-gul-la-te parzillr u-Sat-tir-ma u-Se-sir "har-ru "12 béru kak]-ka-ru wl-tu ki-rib *Hu- su-ur ma-a-me_ da-ru-ti-ti a-Sar-sa a-Sar-da-a ki-rib sip-pa-a-te sa-ti-na u-Sah-bi-ba pat-ti-is ul-tu sip-ru ekal be-lu-ti-ia u-kat-tu-% u-Sa-an-di-la ri-ba-a-ti bi-ri-e-tt su- ka-a-ni us-pir-du-ma t-nam-mir kima a-me bélu a-Si-bu-te [4A sSur] rabi(u) aldniP? a “T Stardati?! ‘Assur®* i-na kir-bi-sa ak-ri-ma “niké?’ tas-ri-ch-tr ak-ki-ma t-sat-lim kad-ra-ai [a-na]! dr-kat? G-me' 14-na sarrdni”"(nt) maré?'-ia §é 4ASSur a-na ri-é-u(m)-ut matt wu nisé?’ i-nam-bu-v z-kir-sus e-nu-ma ekallu sa-a-tu i-lab-bi-ru-ma [en|-na-hu an-hu-sa_ lu-ud-dig mu-Ssar-et Sti-me'-ia li-mur-ma samna lip-[su-us] 8i-tir luntké k-ki a-na as-ri-su li-tir 4A sSur tk-ri-bi-su® 1-sum-me . 60484 TA-AM MU minutu mu-gar-e 1So Bl, C1-+4. 2 Bl,arkat. C1, 3, 4, ar-kat. >B1, Cl, amérl, 89. 20; ae 92. 93. 94. MO Barf 5Cl, 3, u. 6C1-4, Si. To increase the vegetation, from the border of the city of Kisiri to the plain about Nineveh, through moun- tain and lowland, with iron pickaxes I cut and directed a canal. For (a distance) 14 béru® (double- hours) of land, the waters of the Khosr, which from of old sought too low a level (lit. place), I made to flow through those orchards in irriga- tion-ditches. After I had brought to an end the work on my royal palace, had widened the squares, made bright the avenues and streets and caused them to shine like the day, I invited Assur, the great lord, the gods and goddesses who dwell in Assyria, into its midst. I offered sacrifices in great numbers and pre- sented my gifts. In the days to come, whoever among the kings, my sons, whose name Assur calls to rule over land and people, when that palace shall have become old and have fallen to ruins,— (whoever) restoresits ruins, looks upon the memorial-stela with my name inscribed upon it, anoints it with oil, offers sacrifices, and returns it to its place, his prayers Assur will hear. 7 C1-4, mi. 8 The Assyrian béru, like the neo-Babylonian, was equivalent to about 3.8 miles, “THE PALACE WITHOUT A RIVAL” 99 II. BUILDING RECORDS FOUND ON THE BELLINO CYLINDER, (B1)! (WRITTEN 702 B.C.) 44, 45. 46. 47. 48. 49, ekallu mah-ri-tu sé 360 ina ammatu Siddu i-na tar-st za-me-e bit 2ik-kur-rat 80 ina ammatu rupsu i-na tar-si? bit na-ma-ri bit “Istar® 184 ina ammatu rupsu i-na tar-si bit na-ma-ri bit Kid- mu-rt 95 tna ammatu rupsu $d Sarrani?'(nz) a-li-kut mah-ri abé?'-ia a-na ri-mit be-lu-ti-Su-un t-Se-pi-su- ma la t-nak-ki-lu s-pir-sa 'Te-bil-ti a-gu-t Sam-ru-t* sit-mu-ru $4 i-na na-si-Sa gi-gu-ni-e ka-bal-ti ali %-ab-bi-tu-ma ki-mah-hi-su-un nak- mu-ti® %-kal-li-mu 4Samsu(su) wu ul-tu timé?’® radkite?’ ti-th ekalli i-ba--t'-ma ina mili-sa gab-si i-na us-si-Sa ab-bu %-sab’-si-u %i-ri-rb®-bu tim-me-en-sa ekalla sihra(ra) Sa-a-tu a-na si-hir-ti- Sa ak!-kur-ma sé "Te-bil-ti ma-lak-sa uS-te-es-na-a ab-bu us-tib-ma %-sel-sir mu-su?-sa ki-rib ka-tim-ti a-sur-rak-ki8-sa" sap- la-nu kdné?! e-la-nis abné?™ g§adi(z)- dan-ni ittt iddi ak-si-ma ekla ul-tu ma-a-me t%-se-lam-ma na-ba-ligs v-tir 44, 45. 46. 47. 48, 49, 1 Lines 34-43 are duplicates of Al, 63-72 (see pp 2 Cl, om. tar-si. 7 C3, om. 8 C1-4, [8-tar. 8 C4, bu. 4C1+4, om. Samra. 9 C1—-4, om. 5 Cl+4, pa-az-ru-ti. «Cl, 3, 4, a. 6 Cl, a-me. u C3, te. As for the former palace which (meas- ured) 360 cubits on the side toward the enclosure of the temple-tower, (was) 80 cubits wide on the side toward the bit-namart of the temple of Ishtar, and 134 cubits wide on the side toward the bit-namari of the Kidmuri-temple, and 95 cubits wide (on the fourth side), which the kings who went before me, my fathers, had built for their royal dwelling, but had not beauti- fied its workmanship,— the Tebiltu-river, a raging, destructive stream, which at its high water, had destroyed the mausoleums inside the city and had exposed to the sun their tiers of coffins (lit. piled-up coffins), and, from days of old, had come up close to the palace and with its floods at high water had worked havoc with its foundation and de- stroyed its platform: that small palace I tore down in its totality. I changed the course of the Tebiltu, repaired the damage, and directed its outflow through its covered channel (bed). Below, reeds, above, mighty blocks of covered with asphalt, and raised up a field out of the waters and turned it into dry land. mountain-stone, I . 94 f). 122 Cl-4, adds wu. 13 C1-4, ku. 4 C1, 3, om. 16 C1-4, om. 100 id t 3 | iS Cnr Or THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB 700 ina suk-lum'rabiti(t2) Siddu 162 ina suk-lum rabili(tt) pitu elitu altani 217 ina suk-lum rabiti(tc) ptiitu kablitim (tim) . 886 ina suk-lum rabiti(ti) paitu saplitu siti itad(US-SA-DU) "Idiglat tam-la-a a-mal-li-ma am-sti-uh me-si-th-ta la-ba-ris wmé?” i-na mili _kis-sa-ti tim- me-en-Ssu la e-ni-se as-kup-pat &"pi-7-la rab-ba-a-ti. a-sur-ru-si? %-Sa-as-hi-ra u-dan-nin Su-pu-uk-sut . mu-sar-e® Si-tir Si-mi-ia 160 ti-ip-ki tam-li-t_ ki-rib-Su al-tu-ur-ma_ sap-la- nu i-na Us-si-St e-zib ah-ra-tas . ar-ka-nu® si-us-ku-% tam-li-t_ ka-bit-ti ub-lam-ma 20 ti-ip-ki si-ir_ mah-ri-v? us-stp-ma 180 ti-ip-ki t-sak-ki e-la-nigs . tar-pa-su-v% el? sa G-me® pa-ni %-Sar-bi si-ir me-Si-ih-ti ekalli mah-ri-ti” v-rad- di-ma %-sa-an-di-la si-kit-tas . ekal sin pir! “usu “urkarinnu “mu- suk-kan-ni? “erini “Surméni® burdsi4 u “’bu-ut-ni ekal ZAG-DI-N U-TUK- A (sdnina la ist) a-na mu-sab Sarru- ti-ia t-Se-pi-sa ki-rib-si'® 1 CI-4, ammatusyk-lum. 2C1-4, a-me. 3 C1, ki-is-su-vi-8u; C2—-4, ki-su-u-Su (38a). 4C1-4, Sa. 505, v. adds ri-e. 6 C5, inserts a. 7Cl, 8, 4, €. 81-5, eli. 50. ol. 53. 54. (On a plot of ground) 700 great cubits on the side, 162 great cubits on its upper, north, front, 217 great cubits on its inner front, 386 great cubits on its lower, south, front, along the Tigris, I filled in a terrace, and made a careful survey of it (lit. surveyed its survey). . That in days to come its platform might not be weakened by the floods at high water, I had its sides (lit. walls) surrounded with mighty slabs of limestone, and (so) I strengthened its structure. A stela with my name inscribed I wrote (and buried) 160 tipku deep in the terrace, and left it deep down in the foundation for the days to come. Later my heart urged me to make the terrace higher, so I added 20 tipku to the former altitude and made it 180 tepku high. . I enlarged the area (thereof, lit. the width) and added to the size (lit. measurement) of the former palace, and enlarged its structure. . Thereon (lit. therein) I built a palace of ivory, ebony(?), boxwood(?), musukannu-wood, cedar, cypress, and spruce, the “ Palace without a Rival,” for my royal abode. 9C1, 2, 4, 5, mu. 10 C3, tum; 4, te. So also C5; Cl1-4, ekal 2"“paritu Sin piri. 12C3, nu. 133, adds (nu). 14C1, 2, 4 insert dap-ra-nu. (2, ni), C3, dap-ra-a-nu. C1, 4, ZAG-NU-DI-NU-TUK-A. 16 C1, 4, Sa. qn —-ti-ma i-na mili-Sa gab-si w-ri- 14. and with its great floods at high ib’-bu tim-me-en-Sa ekalla sthra(ra) water, had destroyed its foundation- Sa-a-tu a-na si-hir*-ti-sa ak-kur platform:—that small palace I tore down in its totality.® . && *Te-bil-ti ma-lak-sa us-te-es-na-a 15. The course of the Tebiltu I changed; u-Se-Sir mu-su-sa ki-rib a-sur-rak-ki-sa I directed its outflow through its low- Sap-la-nu kdné?! e-la-ngs idda water channels; below, reeds, above, bitumen (were laid) at-ti >" pi-i-li rabtite?’ dun-nu-nis ak- 16. and (with) great blocks of lime-stone si<-ma>454 ina ammatu siddu (GID- I covered it over good and strong. DA) 289 ina ammatu rupsu ekla ul-tu (A tract) 454 cubits on the side, ma-a-me 289 cubits in width, I raised up out of the water (in the form of) a field 1F 1, din. aT Le reo 5 The captives mentioned in I. 6. 2F 1, mati-su-un, E2, matdti-su-un. 4¥F1, hi-ir. 6 After losing himself in a maze of dependent clauses, Sennacherib is now back at the point where he started in the middle of line 7. Li 18. 19; 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. “THE PALACE WITHOUT A RIVAL” u-Se-lam-ma na-ba-lig %-tir tar-pa-su-% eli Sa (v. 8d)! G-me pa-ni %-Sar-bi si-ir me-si-ih-ti ekalli mah-ri-ti t-rad-di-ma i-na 190 ti-ip-ki ul-la-a ri-se (v. 8t)?-s% (v. Su) ana’ la-ba-rig t-me (v. timé?')4 i-na (v. ina) mili kis-Sa-ti (v. te) tim- me-en-st, la e-ni-se abnun? 1-2 rabtitr” 'ki-su-su U-Sa-as-hi-ra u-dan-ni-na st-pu-uk-su a-na 914 ina suk-lum rabitd(t2)®> siddu a 440 ina suk-lum rabiti(te)® pitu s- kit-ti ekalli v-tir-ma su-bat-sa us-rab- bi ekal eT UR-MI-NA-MARDA® abnunaritu sin pire “ush “urkarinnu »mes-md-gan-na “erini™ “surméntr burasi “e-lam-ma-ku® a-na mu-sa-ab (v. sab)® be-lu-ti-ia ab-ni-ma Dit ap-pa-a-tr® tam-sil ekal 'Ha-at-ti mi-ih-rit ba-ba-a- ti vi-Se-pis “gustr é?! “eri-ni ~Surmént §é 14-ri-su-un ta-a-bu bi-nu- ut *¢Ha-ma-nim *4Si-ra-ra_ sadé (e; v. »®) elliti?’ w-sat-ri-sa__e-la-si-in (v. Sin)? ~daldte?! “ert-ni “Surmént burdsi me- sir kaspi (KI-SAG) w ert t-rak-kis-ma u-rat-ta-a ba-bi-sin 1-na ba-rak-ki 1So also E2. 2So also Fl and E2. 3 ¥1 omits from here to I. 19, ana 914. 4So also E2. 5 Fl, tim. 6 F1, ekalldter! hurdsi kaspi siparri enusandu abnuT UR-MI-NA-MARDA. Lice 18. 19. 20. ZAM 22. 23. 24. 119 and turned it into dry-land. I en- larged the extent (of the available palace area) over that of former days, and added it to the site (survey) of the former palace. I raised its height (head) to 190 tipku. Lest in the passing days its platform should give way before the (floods) of high water, I built a facing wall around it of great blocks of limestone and strengthened its structure. To 914 great cubits on the side . and 440 great cubits on the front, I brought the size of the palace and enlarged its site. A palace of breccia, marble, ivory, ebony(?), box-wood, musukannu-wood, cedar, cypress, spruce, elammaku-wood, for my royal abode I built and portals, patterned after a Hittite!® palace, I had constructed in place of the doors; with beams of cedar (and) cypress, whose scent is pleasant, products of Amanus and Sirara, the snowcapped (lit. shining) mountains, I roofed them. Door leaves of cedar, cypress and spruce I bound with a band of silver and copper and set them up in their doorways. In TFPI, eri-ni. 8F1 adds ~si-in-da-a. 9So also F1. 10R1, mu-tir-ri-te. FI, e 12 So also F1 and E2. 13 That is, Syrian. 120 25 26. 27. 28. 30. ol. 32. 33. 4. 35. 36. oO”. o8. 39. 40. 41. 42. . Sd ki-rib biti papahdni?'(ni; THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB PA- PAH-MES-ni) ap-ti bi-ir-ri_ %-pat- ta-a Slamassé?! &"“nartitu sin pirt $a il-lu-ru na-sa-a kit-mu-sa rit-ta-sin bal-tu ku-uz-bu hi-it-lu-pa lu-li-e ma- la-a i-na babdte?'-si-in(v. sin) ul-ziz!-ma a-na tab-ra-a-ti %-sa-lik su-lul ta-ra- a-nt 8d ki-rib ba-rak-ka-a?-ni_ e-tu-su-un %-Sah-la-a ti-me-is us-nam-mir sik-kat kar-ri kas-pt . au ert ki-rib-sin t-Sal-me i-na agurri abnuky A erunknt us-si-ma si-al3-lum ni-bi-hi wu gi-mir pa-as(v. as)-ki-sin as-su Sip-rt ekalli-ia Sti-te-Su (v. &)4-ri U li-pit katat-1a Sul-lu-me i-na ti-me-su (v. &%)4 44 SSur u 4Ts-tar ra-i-mu Sangi-ti-ia na-bu-@ Sumi-ia gis-mah-hi “eri-ni Sa ul-tu wmé?! rikite?’ i-si-hu-ma tk-bi-ru dannis a-na ki-rib **4Si-ra-ra §ad-di-t 1-N@ PUu-UZ-1l NA-AN-ZU-ZU u-Sak-li-mu-in-ni_$i-i-su-un 1F1, zi-iz. 2 F1, om. 25. 27 28 29. 30 ol. 32. 33 34. 35. 30. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41— 8 F 1, el. the room within the building, I arranged (lit. opened) chambers, and opened corridors(?). Female colossi of marble and ivory, . wearing horned head dresses(?), their fore-legs (lit. hands) kneeling, clothed with strength and vigor, full of splendor, : I set up by their doors and made them a wonder to behold. The dark color of the roofing timbers in the chambers, I brightened (painted ?) and made them shine like the day. Clothes-hooks (pegs) of silver and copper I put up around their interior. With burnt brick, KA- stone and lapis-lazuli I adorned the walls, cornices, and all their copings. That I might accomplish the con- struction of my palace, and bring to an end the work of my hands, at that time, Assur and Ishtar, who love my priesthood, and have called me by name, showed me how to bring out the mighty cedar logs which had grown large in the days gone by, and had become enormously tall as they stood concealed in the mountains of Sirara. 48. Alabaster (marble) which in the days of the kings, my fathers, was precious enough for (inlaying) the hilt of a sword, 4So also F1. “THE PALACE WITHOUT A RIVAL” 43. Sd %"“paritu sd i-na tar-si Sarrdni?™ 44. abé?'-ia a-na kar-ri nam-sa-ri si-ku-ru 45. i-na sa-pan *4A m-ma-na-na t-sap-tu- ne 46. pa-ni-Su2 & " TUR-MI-NA- MAR-DA_ ma-la 47, kerpathyr-zi-gal-li sad la in-nam-ru ma- ti-ma 48. i-na ‘Kap-ri-da-ar-gi-la-a §a(v. §4) pa- a-ti °Til-bar-si-ip 49. u-kal-lim ra-ma-nu-us 7i-te-e Ninua** i-na tr-st-it 50. ‘Ba-la-ta-a ki-i te-im ili-ma &"“pi-i-lu 51. pi-su-t a-na mu-?-di-e in-na-mir-ma 4sédé 52. 4lamassé?"’ wu gsa-lam = mes-ri-e®-ti abnunarutu 53. [Sd]* i-na istén(en) abni ib-ba-nu-% mi-na-a-ti [Suk-lu-lu]* No. 2 1. i-na ki-gal-la 2. ra-ma(v. ram)*-ni-su-nu sa-kis 3. na-an-zu-zu / !“'za-za-a-tt 4, %unaritu Sd(v. Sa) 2i-1-me 5. nu-us-su-ka kima t-me na-pir-di-e 6. nu-um-mu- TU Zu - mur - Si -7in® askuppdati?! 7. e%uTUR-MI-NA-MAR-DA si-ra- a-ti ab-ni 8. ki-lal-la-an (v. ki-la-ld-an) i-na Sad- di-su'-un ab-tuk-ma 9. a-na sip-ri ekalli-ia u-sal-di-da 10. ki-rib *Ni-na-a’ sédé-lamassé”! rabiite”! ll. wu’ '“za-za-a-li "pi--li_ pi-si-e 1F1, adds (ni). $F 1, om. 2F1, Si. 4So F1. 121 they disclosed to me in the darkness of Mt. Ammanana, and breccia (used) for all kinds of great jars, such as had never been seen before, in Kapridargila, which is on the border of Til-Barsip, disclosed itself. 49. Near Nineveh, in the land of Balata, 50. by decree of the god, white limestone 51. was found (appeared) in abundance; 52. and bull-colossi and _— sculptured statues of alabaster, 538. which were carved out of one stone, of enormous proportions, 1-2. towering high upon their own bases; 3. alabaster cow-colossi, 4, whose appearance was splendid, 5. whose bodies shone like the bright day; 6. great slabs of breccia 7. I fashioned 8. and cut free on both sides, in their mountain, 9. and had them dragged to Nineveh for the construction of my palace. 10. The bull and cow-colossi 11. of white limestone, 5 So also F1. FL, Sts SFL, fn. 31, Ninua* 122 No. ia 13. 14. 16. 17 18. 19: 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 26. 27. THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB 2 i-na_ ltp-ta-at *NIN-KUR-RA _ 1-na (v. ina) ir-si-it eBa-la-ta-ai u-sa--lid-ma_ %-sak-li-la gat-ta-Su-un Sd ul-té(v. tu)! ul-la Sarrdni?!(ni)? abé?'-ia . sa-lam ert tam-sil gat-ti-su-un a-na Su-zu-2t ki-rib ekurrati?! ib-nu-ma ina(v. i-na)! e-pis-ti-Su-nu t-Sa-ni-hu gi-mir mar é?? um-ma-a-ni i-na la bi-rit uz-na la ha-sa-as a-ma-tt a-na Ssip-ri hi-sth-ti-Su-nu Samna 18-ku-ru na-al-ba-as si-e-nt v-ki-ru ki-rib sad é?'- Su-un ia-a-ti "4 Sin-aheé?'-eri-ba’ a-sa-rid kal mal-ke mu-di-e sip-rt ka-la-ma dim-me ert rabite?’ ur-mah-hi [p2|*-tan bir-ki $4 ma-na-ma la ip-ti-ku Sarru pa-ni mah-ri-ia [2-nal* wze-ni ni-kil-tt sd w-sat-li-ma ru-bu-% (v. u%)§ NIN-IGI-KUG i-[na s]‘-tul-tt ram- ni-1a . a-na e-pis sip-ri Su-a-tu ra-bis am-tal- lik-ma i-na me-lik te-me-ia Ww me-ris ka-bit-ti-ia pi-ti-tk ert u-ba-as-sim-ma t-nak-ki-la nik-ldé-su sad gis-mah-hi vmes-r-e \ wu a-la-mit-ta 12 ur-mah”! ni--ru-ti a-di 12° ¢sédé- lamassé?! striite?’ $4 Suk-lu-lu nab-ni- tu 22 f'zq-za-a-te (v. ti)® 1So also F1. 2F1, om. 3 F 1, eriba. 4So also F1. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. Lr 18. 19) 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. with Ninkurra’s help I “caused to be begotten’’ and made complete as to their members. In times past, when the kings, my fathers, fashioned a bronze image in the like- ness of their members, to set up in their temples, the labor on them exhausted every workman; in their ignorance and lack of knowl- edge, they drank oil, and wore sheep-skins to carry on the work they wanted to do in the midst of their mountains. But, I, Sennacherib, first among all princes, wise in all craftsmanship, great pillars of bronze, colossal lions, open at the knees, which no king before my time had fashioned ,— through the clever understanding which the noble Nin-igi-kug had given me, (and) in my own wisdom, I pondered deeply the matter of carrying out that task, following the advice of my head (will) and the prompting of my heart I fashioned the work of bronze and cunningly wrought it. Over great posts and cross-bars of wood, 12 fierce lion-colossi together with 12 mighty bull-colossi, complete in form, 22 cow-colossi 5F1 has ¢NIN-IGI-KUG. 6So Fl. “THE PALACE WITHOUT A RIVAL” No. 2 28. 29. 30. dl. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. Sd ku-uz-bu w ul-su hi-it-lu-pa_ bal-tu la-la-a kum-mu-ru— si-ru-us-sin ki-t te-im ili-ma 2i--pt ti-it-tr ab-ni-ma e-ra-a ki-rib-su (v. &) as-tap-pa-ka ki-¢ pi-ti-ck } siklu (TA-AM) %-Sak-li-la nab-ni-su-un ‘4sédé-lamassé?! nab-nit ert Sé 2 ina (v. i-na) ldb-bi za-ha-lu-% lit-bu-sul 4sédé-lamassé?! abnunaritu a-di sédé-lamassé?! wt "“za- za-a-ti ®"“pi-i-li pi-si-e Sd ekallati?'-1a u-sa-as-bi-ta Sigar-si-in. dim-me ert striite?’ a-di ~dim-me rabiite?’ —bi-zb-lat Sad a-ma-nim me-sir ert t-rak-kis-ma ~eri-nt si-ar ug-gal-li-e ul-eiz-ma_ dap-pi ku-lul babdte?'-sin? e-mid f '“za-za-a-ti abnunaritu a-di ‘ “za-za-a-tr pi-ti-ik u-ru-di-e sad za-ha-lu-u’ lit-bu- Sault “za-za-a-ti pi-ti-ik GU-AN-NA Sd nu-um-mu-ru gat-ta-sin vdim-me “ust “Surmané” erini(v. ert- ni) [’dup-ra-ni burdsi Ww “si-in-du? th-zi-1t pa-sal-li uw kas-ptr si-ru-us-sin ul-ziz-ma sd kwm-me mu- Sab be-lu-ti-ia e-mid “hittdte?'-su-un askuppati?’® %TUR-MI-NA-MAk- DA &™nartitu a askuppati?! &pi-<-li rabtite?! a-sur- ru-sin(v. Si-in) wt-Sa-as-hi-ra a-na 1H, St. 4So F1. Vt 5F1, da-a. * FI, u. 28. 29. 30. dl. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 123 clothed with exuberant strength and with abundance and splendor heaped upon them,—at the command of the god I built a form of clay and poured bronze into it as in making half- shekel pieces and finished their con- struction. Bull-colossi, made of bronze, two of which were coated with enamel( ?),’ bull-colossi of alabaster, together with cow-colossi of white limestone, I placed at the thresholds of my palaces. High pillars of bronze, together with tall pillars of cedars, the product of Mt. Amanus, I enclosed in a sheath- ing of bronze and lead, placed them upon lion-colossi and set them up as posts to support their Upon the alabaster cow- colossi as well as the made of bronze, which were coated with enamel( ?) and the cow-colossi, made of gu- an-na, whose forms were brilliant, I placed thereon, pillars of ebony, cypress, cedar, dupranu-wood, pine and sindu-wood, with inlay of pasalli and silver and set them up as columns in the rooms of my royal abode. Slabs of breccia and alabaster, doors. cow-colossi and great slabs of limestone, I placed around their walls; I made 6F1, as-kup-pa-a-ti. 7 Or gilded? 12 fol THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB No. 2 38. 39. 40). 4]. 42. 43. 44. tab-ra-a-te! u-Sa-[lik as-si t-mi-sam- ma mé|P? di-lu-#-ti —rabtitt: DA-LUM)ip-li-qu tar-sa-a-ti siparrt & har-ha-ri. stparrv ul-Se-pis-ma] — ki[-mu-t — ma-ka-a-ti gis]?-mah-hi biiré?’ = -us-202z u-Sa-lik —as-me-ts tab-rat kas-sat a a-la-mit-ta ekallati”! st-hir-te si-ir Sa-li-na ekalla niséP' yl-la-a a-na ri-si-Sa ekallu Sd Sa-ni-na la 1-su-% (v. wu?) ni-bit-sa az-kur “Sar-mah-hu tam-sil Sa rikkée! ”usin-pa-a-ti isé?! Sad Ta-ma-nim gi-mir biblat(lat) Sad-di-i wu 'Kal-di_ ki-rib- Su(v. S$) hur-ru-su(v. st)? 7-ta-a-sa az-kup a-na be-ra-a-ti Sum-mu-hi ul-tu [pal-a-tt *Ki-si-ri. a-di ta-mirt-ti Ninuak® sadd(a) i-na ag-gu- u-sal-tir-ma ti-Se-Mir thar-ru béru kak-ka-ru ul-tu ki-rib la-a(v. om.)*-t¢ parzilla "Hu-su-ur ma-a-me da-ru-t-li a-Ssar-sa ki-rib tr) Sa-ti-na %-Sah-bi-ba pat-ti-is a-na Sup- Su-uh u-sar-da-a be-ra-a-te(v. a-lak-ti mé”! &4 (v. Sa).“kiraté?! a-gam- su-su-t — ki-rib-sa as-ti-il igiré?’ sahé?’ “abi a-tan mu u-sap-si-ma dah, ve 2So also F1. $F1, om. 4¥1, mar. them wonderful to behold. That daily there might be an abundant flow of water of the buckets, 38.-39. I had copper cables(?) and pails 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. made and in place of the (mud-brick) pedestals (pillars) I set up great posts and cross-beams over the wells. Those palaces, all around the (large) palace, I beautified; to the astonish- ment of all nations, I raised aloft its head. ‘The Palace without a Rival,” I called its name. I set out a great park, like unto Mt. Amanus, wherein were all kinds of herbs and fruit-trees, trees, such as grow on the mountains and in Chal- dea. To increase the productiveness of the cultivable (lit. low-lying) fields, from the border of the city of Kisiri to the plain of Nineveh, I cut through the hills (mountains) with iron pick- axes, ran a canal over [14] double- hours of ground, from the place where the Khosr lets down its ancient waters too low (for irrigation), (and) I made (the water) flow through those fields in irrigation ditches. To arrest the flow of the water through (lit. of) those orchards, I made a swamp and set out a cane-brake therein. birds, wild-swine, beasts Igiru- 5 F1, cNi-na-a. No. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. ol. 52. 53. “THE PALACE WITHOUT A RIVAL” 2 a-tan ki-i-si i-na lib-bi t-mas-sir i-na te-im ili-ma ki-rib “kirdte?’ kardnu gi-mir inib “si-cr-du wu rikkée?! dannis (MA-GAL) is-mu-hu “’surméni “mes-md-gan-na nap-har isé?' i-si-hu-ma_ wt-sar-ri-su (v. &%)! pa-*-al-lum_ ap-pa-ra-a- ti dannis(MA-GAL) samé(e) agit kin-na tk-nun-ma sahé “kane a-tan ki-i-si t-rap-pi-su ta-lit-tu “’mes- 1-Si-ra_— issur md-gan-na “Surméni tar-bit svp-pa-a-te kan appardte”’ sad (v. Sa) ki-rib "a-gam-me hi-sah-ti ekallate?’ be-lu-ti-ia lu e-pu-us* ul-tu SUp-10 ekalli-ia t-kat-tu-% “Assur bélu rabi lant w Istardte?’ a-si-bu-ut 4A ssurk* i-na kir-bi-sa ak-ri-ma ak-sit-ma a-na_ sip-rv nikér® tas-ri-ih-te (v. tt)? ak-ki-ma v- Sat-lim kat-ra-ai saman “bu-di w hi-bi- is-ti_ U-Sal-ka a-na ru-us-te® i-na tas-ri-it ekalli sd ba-hu-la-te® mati-ia %-sa-as-ka-a kardné?! du-us’-sti-pu muh-ha-si-in! *-ra-Si-in’ am-kir i-na_ ki-bit Assur a-bu ildni?’ u @Is-tar sar-ra-ti 4sédi dum-kr damasst dum-ki ki-rib ekalli Sa-a-tu da®-rig lis-tab-ru-t8 ai tp-par-ku-t i-dla-a-sa 1So also F1. 4F1, epus(us). 2So Fl. 51, lunikérl, 3F1, te. 6 FI, ti 36. 47. 48. 49. 50. dl. 52. 125 . of the forests, I let loose therein. By command of the god, within the orchards, the vine, every fruit bear- ing tree, and herbs throve luxuriously. The cypress and musukannu-tree, all kinds of trees, grew large and sent out many shoots(?); the cane-brakes developed rapidly (mightily); the birds of heaven, the zgiru-birds, built their nests, and the wild swine and beasts of the forest brought forth their young in The musukannu-tree and the cypress, the product of the parks, the reeds of the brakes which were in the swamp, I cut down and used them as desired, in the building of my royal palaces. abundance. When I had made an end of building my palace, Assur, the great lord, the gods and goddesses who dwell in Assyria, I invited therein and offered countless sacrifices and gave (them) presents. Oil of the fruit-tree (the olive) the products of the gardens, I brought to them in abundance. At the dedication of the palace, I drenched the foreheads of the people of my land with wine, with mead I sprinkled their hearts. At the command of Assur, father of the gods, and Ishtar, the queen, may the gracious shédu . and the gracious lamassu ever be seen in that palace, may they not with- draw from its side. PVM, See STB om: 9F1, da-a 126 te THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB VI. MISCELLANEOUS INSCRIPTIONS REFERRING TO THE “PALACE WITHOUT A RIVAL” a) . ™4Sin-ahé?'-eriba sar kissati sar "Assur abnun—-lu pi-'su-t' . $a ki-t te-im ili-ma a-na sip-ri ekalli-ia ina tr-si-[it] . ‘Ba-la-ta-at in-nam-ru nisé?! da-dd-me . na-ki-ri wu sGbé?’ hur-sa-a-ni pa-az- ru-ti kisitti(ti) kata™—va [é-nal] . zir-me-e U ag-gul-la-ti parzillt u-sa-as- 't-ru'-[ma] . édé-lamassé?! rabiite?’ a-na bdbdte”! ekalli-ia u-"tir-ra] b) . ekal ™4Sin-ahé?'-eriba . Sarru rabai sarru dan-nu sar kissati Sar 'ASsSur . ekallu Sanina la ist (ZAG-DI-N U- TUG-A) . a-na mu-sab béliti(tr)-su yyy . ki-rib “Ni-na-a essis(is) lu epus(us) c) . ™4Sin-ahé?'-eriba sar kissati Sar ‘A SSur 4gédé-lamassé?! ig . rabtite®’ sd i-na wr-si-it “Ba-la-ta-ar . tb-ba-nu-t a-na ekal be-lu-ti-su . '§d' ki-rib Ninua** ha-di-7s %-sal-da-da 110 it dips i . Ll turned Sennacherib, king of the universe, king of Assyria: white limestone, . which at the command of the god was discovered in the land of Baladai, for the construction of my palace, . the people of enemy towns . and the men of remote (lit. hidden) ‘mountain (districts), the conquest of my hands, with . Iron picks and pickaxes quarried, and it (the limestone) into mighty protecting bull-colossi, for the gates of my palace. . Palace of Sennacherib . the great king, the mighty king, king of the universe, king of Assyria, . “The Palace which has no Rival” . for his royal dwelling . In Nineveh he has built anew. . Sennacherib, king of the universe, king of Assyria, huge protecting bull: colossi . which were fashioned in the land of Balada, . for my royal palace . which is in Nineveh, I had joyfully! transported (dragged). 1 Transporting these huge colossi may have been a picnic for Sennacherib, but the pictures we have of such activities (cf. Paterson, Palace of Sennacherib, Plates 27-28) do not indicate that it afforded much pleasure to the captives who pulled the sledges. Bmw NH Re “THE PALACE WITHOUT A RIVAL” d) . ekal ™4Sin-ahé?'-eriba sarru raba . Sarru dan-nu sar kissati sar 'Assur abnug nan . Sa (v. $d) kima se-im sa-ah-ha-ri Si-kin (v. stkin)-Su . nu-us-su-ku Sd ina (v. i-na) tar-si SarraniP! . abéP'-ia ma-la aban kisddi Su-ku-ru (v. ak-ru) . tna §ép™ §4N7-pur Sadi(z) (v. Sad-di-e) ra-ma-nu-us . ul-tan-ni a-na l 'za-za-a-ti . u-Se-pis-ma t-sal-di-da (v. 7d) . ki-rib “Ni-na-a e) . ekal (v. mat) ™*Sin-ahé?'-eriba sarru dan-nu (v. om. two words) sar kissati . Sar 'ASSur ina me-til §1-bir-ri-ta (Vv. 7d) Sa 1s-ru-ka . ab ildni?? 4A SSur &"ka-Sur-ru-u a-ka- ra (Vv. ru) . Sa mati(sadt)-su ru-u-ku %-ra-am-ma . ina sapal sir-ri “dalate?! . babate”’ ekalli-ia v-kin f) . ekal 4 Sin-ahé?'-eriba . Sarru rabii sar kis-Sa-ti . Sar ‘Assur dan-dan-nu . e-til kal mal-ki 19 1 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Zi 127 Palace of Sennacherib, the great king, the mighty king, king of the universe, king of Assyria. Ashnan-stone, whose splendid surface (made it seem) as if (it were composed) of kernels of sahhar-grain, which in the time of the kings, my fathers, was solely valued for necklaces (lit. stone of the neck), made its appearance(?) at the foot of Nipur-mountain, (and) I had female-colossi made there- of, and 8-9. transported into Nineveh. 113 L; 2. 3. 4, 5. 6. 114 lke 2. 3. 4. The palace of Sennacherib, the great king, king of the universe, king of Assyria. Through the might of the scepter which Assur, father of the gods, presented to me, costly basalt, from a distant land (mountain, lit. whose land or mountain is distant), I brought and under the door-posts of the gates of my palace I placed it. Palace of Sennacherib, the great king, king of the universe, king of Assyria, the almighty, ruler of all princes. CHAPTER VII THE “BIT KUTALLI”? OR ARMORY I. THE BIT-KUTALLI INSCRIPTION OF THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE PRISM (H2) Col. VI 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44, 47. 48. i-na ti-me-su-ma ul-tu ekalla kabal ali sd Ninua* a-na ri-mit Sarru-ti-ia %-sak-li-lu a-na tab-ra-a-'te kis-sat nisé”" lu-li-e t-mal-lu-si ekal ku-tal-li $d a-na su-te-Sur ka-ra-st pa-ka-a-di sisé”' sa-na-ki mimma sum- SU u-se-pi-su Sarram?” a-li-kut- mah-ri abé?'-1a tam-lu-sa ul tb-si Su-bat-sa su-uh-hu- rat-ma la nu-ku-lat e-pis-tas la-ba-ris ti-me tum-me-en-sa e-nis-ma is-da-a'-Sa ir-ma-a i-ku-pa r-SA-a-Sa . ekalla sa-a-tu a-na si-hir-ti-sa ak-kur 46. ki-ru-bu-u ma--du ul-tu ki-rib v-sal-la u ta-mir-ti ali kima® a-haz-tim-ma lu as-ba-ta i-nat muh-hi lu wv -rad-di mas-kan ekallt mah-ri-tr 1 H1, om. 2H1, adds (nz). 4H, ina. 3 H1, ki-ma. 36. ol. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 45. 46. 47. 48. 128 At that time, after I had completed the palace in the midst of the city of Nineveh for my royal residence, had filled it with gorgeous furnishings, to the astonishment of all the people, (I found that) the side-palace, which the former kings, my ancestors, had built for the care of the camp, the stabling of the horses and the storing of things in general (lit. whatever its name), had no terrace, that its site was too small, that its construction had not been skillfully done, that, as the days went by, its foundation-platform . had become weak, its foundation had given way (and) its roof had fallen in. That palace I tore down in its totality. A large tract of land in (lit. out of) the meadows and environs of the city I took over (lit. seized),—according to plan, and added thereto. The site of the former palace MBE tf Col. 49, 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. . a-nat ’gusur é?! THE “BIT-KUTALLI” VI e-zib-ma i-na kak-ka-ri!} v-sal-li sd ul-tu ; mal-di nari as-ba-ta tam-la-a us-mal-li 200 ti-ip-ki a-na e-la-ni %-Sak-ki ri-e-su ina arhi Se-me-e a-mu mit-ga-ri_si-ir tam-li-e Sa-a-tu i-na? nik-lat lib-bi-ia ekal ®"™pi-i-li au “eri-ni ni-pis-ti 'Hal®-ti u ekalla si-tr-tu tp-sit 'Assur** §dé eli mah-ri-ti ma--dig §u-tu-rat ra-ba-ta u nak-lat i-na si-pir *dim-gal-li-e en-ku-ti mu-sab i ver-ni si-ru-ti tar-bit *¢Ha-ma-nim Sadi(z) el-la u-Ssat-ri-sa e-li-sin “dalati?! 1i5-1a-ri me-sir ert nam-ri t-rak-kis-ma %v-rat- ta-a babir'-sin® i-na %¢"pi-1-li pi-si-e? $a i-na tr-si-it “Ba-la-da-ai in-nam-ru Sédé lamassé”’ si-ru-ti8 %-se-pis-ma 7m-na 1H1, kar. SIs. yan, 3H, ha-at. 4H1, om.(?). be-lu-ti-ia = %-Se-pis 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. SHI, wt. 6 Hl, S-in. OR ARMORY 129 I abandoned. the meadows which I had seized from the river- flats(?), I filled in a terrace, 200 tipki (thickness of brick) I raised its top on high. In a favorable month on an auspicious day, on the top of that terrace,— following the prompting (lit. cun- ning) of my heart,—a palace of lime- stone and cedar, of Hittite workmanship (or in Hittite style of architecture), also a lofty palace of Assyrian workman- ship, which far surpassed the former (palace) in size and beauty (cunning workman- ship) ,— P With the ground of . according to the plan of wise archi- tects, I had (them) build for my royal residence. Mighty cedar beams, the product of Amanus, the shining mountain, I stretched over them (that is: with cedar I roofed them). Door-leaves of liari-wood I covered with a sheathing of bright bronze and set up in their doors. Out of white lime- stone, which is found in the country of the city of Baladai, I had mighty colossi fashioned and THI, + Shake tr 130 Col. 65. 66. 80. 81. THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB VI au su-me-la ti-Sa-as-bi-ta Sigar-sin a-na Su-te-Sur sal-mat kakkadi pa-ka-di mur-ni-is-ki pare?! a-ga-li 1- ‘ . bel-li “narkabdti?! “at-ta-ra-te e-rik-ki is-pa-a-a-te . pit-pa-na-a?-te w us-st mimma Sum-Su a-nu-t@ tahdazr4 . na-as-ma-di sisé?' paré?’ sa e-mu-ki ra-ba-a-te 1-Sti-t Suk-nu-se a-na ni-ri ki-sal-la-sa kd-nu-a rabis us-rab-bi ekalla sa-a-ti® ul-tu® us-Se-sa . a-di na-bur-ri-sa ar-sip t-Sak-lil mu- Sar-€ . Si-tir Sumil-ia t-na_ kir-bi-Sa as-kun a-na dr-kat imé?® i-na sarrani?®s mdré?'-ia sé 4ASSur uw ai star? a-na ri-é-um"™ mdti u nisé?’ i1-nam- bu-w!! 2i-kir-Su e-nu-ma ekallu §a-a-tu® 7-lab-bi-ru-ma en-na-hu ruba ar-ku-% an-hu-sa lu-ud-dis mu- sar-e . Stir Sumi'-ia li-mur-ma samna lip- Su-us niki . lik-ki a-na as-ri-su® lu-tir 4Assur a 47 star? tk-ri-bi-su 1-sim-mu-u"! mu-nak-kir sat- ri-1a u Sumi7-ia 4A sSur bélu rabit abu iléniP! LHI bt. UA eli, Aya, Hi om: SHI, tu. 3 HI, tu. 7H1, Si-me. “HI, ta-ha-zi. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. (ae 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 78. ae 80. 81. stationed right and left of their entrances. For the equipment of the black-headed (people, that is the Assyrians), the housing (storing) of (battle)-steeds, mules, colts riding camels(?) chariots, wagons, carts, quivers, bows and arrows, all kinds of battle- equipment :— teams of horses and mules which possessed enormous strength, and were broken to the yoke. I greatly enlarged its (i.e. the palace’s) court of the gate(?). That palace, from its foundation to its coping, I constructed, I finished. A stela with my name inscribed I set up in it. In the days to come among the kings, my sons, whose name Assur and Ishtar shall name for the rule of land and people,— when that palace shall have become old and ruined, . may some future prince restore its ruins, look upon the stela with my name inscribed (thereon), anoint it with oil, pour out a libation upon it and return it toits place. (Then) Assur and Ishtar will hear his prayers. He who de- stroys my inscription and my name may Assur, the great lord, the father of the gods, 8H1, adds (nz). MAI, 2%. 9H1, 27§-tar. BHT, i. 10 AI, -w(m)-ut. 18 AT Ste: THE “BIT-KUTALLI” OR ARMORY Col. VI 82. 83. 84. 85. II. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. nak-rig li-zi-is-su “hatta uv “kussd li-kim-sti-ma lis-ki-pa palé-su erahDyPzu li-mu "Ga-hi-lu °"bél pihdte *Ha-ta-rik-kat 82. 83. 84. 85. 131 treat him as an enemy, take away from him scepter and throne and overthrow his rule. Month Tammuz, eponym of Gahilu governor of Hatarikka. ANOTHER VERSION OF THE BUILDING OF THE ARMORY (H4) i-nu-Su ekal ku-tal-li sé ki-rib Ninua** Sa a-na su-te-Sur ka-ra-si pa-ka-ad sisé?’ % sa-na-a-ki mimma sSum-Su t-Se-pi-su a-li- kut mah-ri abé'-(e)a $d ekalli Sa-a-tu tam-lu-ti-sa ul ib-si-ma su-uh-hu-rat si-bat-sa ul sum-du-la kd-nu-t ki-sal-lu la-ba-ris timé?! a-na st-us-mur_ sisé?! tim-me-en-sa 1-nis-ma it-ru-ra ri-sa-a- Sa ekallu sa-a-tu a-na_ si-hir-ti-sa ak-kur ki-ma a-haz-tim-ma ki-ru-bu-t ma-a- du ul-tu ki-rib v-sal-li lu as-ba-ta st-ru-us-sa us-rad-di mas-kan_ ekalli mah-ri-ti e-zib-ma i-na ki-rib- ki-ru- bi-e Sa ul-tu u-sal-li as-ba-ta tam-la-a us-mal-li 3 Sus+20 ti-ip-ki i-na na-al- ban-ia rabi(t) a-na e-la-ni t-Sak-ki ri-e-su si-ir tam-li-e Sa-a-tu sd ekalldte?’- 1a at-ta-di tim-me-en-sin ekal ®™pi-i-li ver-ne tam-sil ekal 'Ha-at-te 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. At that time (I found that) the side- palace which is in Nineveh, which the kings, my ancestors had built for the care of the camp, the stabling of the horses and the storing of things in general, (that) that palace had no terrace and its site was too small, for the exercising of the horses the gate(?)-court was not roomy enough, (that), as the days went by, its foundation had become weakened and its roof was tottering. That palace in its totality I tore down. According to plan, I took over a large tract out of the meadows joining it thereto. The site of the former palace I abandoned and in the middle of the tract which I had taken over from the meadows I filled in a terrace. 200 tepke (thickness of brick) of my large bricks (lit. brick-work) I raised its top on high. Upon that terrace I laid the foundation of my palaces; a palace of limestone (and) cedar (after) the pattern of a Hittite palace, 1 Date of H1, ina 2bAdaru Amu 20kam li-mu ™Bél-émur-a-ni embél piati ¢Gar-ga-mis. 132 66. 68. 73. 74. 76. . “daldte®’ “Ssurméni THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB . w& ekallu si-ir-tu e-pis-ti “ASSur™* &a ma-dis Sé-tu-ra raba-a W Sar-ha a-na mu-Ssab . eet a sarru-ti-ia %-Se-pis as-Si mur-ni-is- ki-ia Suk-nu-se a-na ni-i-ri u pa-ka-du . Sal-la-at na-ki-ri ka-bit-tu §d v%-Sat-li- ma “Assur ki-sal-la sa kd-nu-t dannig us-rab-bi i-na e-mu-ki si-ra-a-ti Sd tlani bélé?'-ia Sarrdni?! ‘Amurrt** kéli- Su-un . &4 a-na sépat-ia u-sa-ak-mi-st t-ma- ir-Su-nu-tt ur-tu “gusiré?! “eri-ne . rabtiti?! ki-rib **¢Ha-ma-nim_ tk-si-tu a-na Ninua™ 7-si-tu-nim-ma u-sat-ri- sa e-li-sin li-ca-rt_ me-sir eri u-rak-kis-ma t-rat-ta-a ba-bi-sin . abrugsnan §d kima zér kis-Se-e sikin-Su nu-su-ku ma-la aban kisddi ak-ru aban ”"“ka-bi-e ma-ga-ri W ri-th-su Si-tu-ki mur-su a-na améli la tehé(e) (NA NU-TE-E) Sa ul-tu sép *4Ni-pur Sadi(i) tb-bab-la it-ti %"“pi-i-li_ pi-si-e Sd i-na °Ba-la-ta-ai in-nam-ru . a-na “Sedé-lamassé”! %-Se-pis-ma t-Sa- as-bi-ta Sigar-si-in !“'za-za-a-ti abruasnan dim-me “eri-nt si-ru-Si-in ul-ziz-ma sda ekal "pi-i-li Sa-a-tu 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. (al. (2: 74. 76. rain) and and a lofty palace of Assyrian work- manship, which far surpassed (the former palace) in size and splendor, I had (them) build for my royal residence. That the steeds might be trained to the yoke and the heavy booty of the enemy which Assur put into my hands might be stored (in safety), I greatly increased the court of the gate(?). (Relying) on the exalted might of the gods, my lords, I sent the order to the kings of Amurru, all of them, who had submitted to me (lit. at my feet). Great cedar beams . they felled in Mt. Amanus, dragged them to Nineveh and roofed (my palaces with them). Door-leaves of cypress and liaru- wood I covered with a sheathing of bronze and set up in their doors. Ashnan-stone, whose beautiful struc- ture had the appearance of cucumber- seeds, and was highly prized for neck- laces (lit. stones of the neck) . or amulets to bring on rain (lit. stone for commanding favor or bringing on to keep disease from approaching a man, which was brought from the foot of Mt. Nipur, together with white limestone which is found at Baladai, . I had them fashioned into protecting colossi and placed them by their entrances. Upon cow-colossi of (this) ashnan-stone I set cedar columns (pillars) and (on these) I placed the cornice of that limestone palace. ~] ~ 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. THE “BIT-KUTALLI” OR ARMORY u-sat-li-ma bél ni-me-ki ¢4Ha (¢NIN- IGI-KUG) . ma-la dul-la-a-ti siparrt sé a-na hi- Sih-ti ekalldte?'-ia sé Ninua** ap-ti-ku . ki-c te-im ili 2t-?-pi ti-tt ab-ni-ma erd ki-rib-Su as-pu-uk-ma 1-si-ra Sip-ru. ka-ti-ca wu S 4amassé?’ ert ma-sa-a-ti as-kup-pu &™asnan U-Sa-as-Si-Si-na-tt bi-rit 4 "“zazdte?! (ZA-ZA-MES) ul-ziz na-bur-ris ti-Se- me-ma t-Ssa-lik as-me-is i-na ki-sa-al-li rabi(i) sap-la- nu ekal ®“pi-1-li a-na ri-mit Sarru- ti-ia Sd mrasnan &“TUR-MI-NA-MAR- DA & ®"“sa-a-bu %-Se-pis ki-gal-lum 4 dim-me stparrv ; Sd Ses-Sa-Su-nu andku bal-lum si-ru-us- Su ul-ziz-ma i-na da-ap-pi “eri-ni sa kaspt (KI-SAG) lit-bu-Su %-Sat-ri-sa_ su-lul-su— ekallu ma-hir-ti dannigs t-sar-bi %-sa[-ak-lil]- St u-Sar-ri-ih-s a-na__tab-rat nisé?! la-la-a us-mal-lig man-da-at-tu 'bi-lat! matatr?’ kis-sat a-haz-tu sé ‘Ma-da-ai ru-ku-ti $d i-na Sarrani?'(ni) abé?! (e)-a ma-am-man la im-hu-ru bi-lat-su-un it-tr “su-wm- ba-te “narkabdte”’ [ru-ku-bi Sar(?)! E-la-me-t 133 . e-mid hété?'-Sa i-na uz-ni ni-kil-ti $4 77. With the keen understanding which Ka, lord of wisdom, gave me, I 78-79. made clay molds for all the copper 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. work needed (desired) for my palace which I built at Nineveh,—according to the command of the god, and poured bronze therein. The work of my hands was successful and (these) female protecting deities of shining bronze I flanked (lit. caused to bear) with slabs of ashnan-stone, and set them between the cow- colossi. I made them serve as a dado(?) and made them most beautiful. In the great court below the limestone palace (built) for my royal residence, I built (laid) a pavement of ashnan, breccia, and sabu-stone. Four copper pillars, whose capitals(?) were of cast lead, I set up on it (the pavement) and over beams of cedar which were covered with silver, I spread its roof. The former palace I greatly enlarged. I finished it and splendidly adorned it, to the amazement of all peoples I filled it with costly equipment. Gifts, the tribute of the lands, the wealth of the distant Medes, whose tribute none among the kings my fathers had (ever) received, together with the wagons and riding chariots of the Elamite king, 134 THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB 89. sar Babili*' & ‘Kal-di &4 ik-&i-da 90. OL. 92. 93. 94. katat-ar [it'-ti "ha-lab-ti! la mi-nam Sa ak-ki(?)-mu a-na na-kam-ti sd ekalli Sa-a-tu '%-Se-bi-lam|-ma %-se-rib ki-rib-sa i-na ki-bit ¢Assur abu ildni?! w 4Belit (NIN-LIL) Sar-[ra]-ti [ki-rib] ekalli [Sa-a-tu] i-na tu-ub séri hu-ud lib-bi u nu-wm- mur pa-nt [lu-wrme-ma. ..... | lit-tu-tu li-pu-t-a dir dari a-na ti-me ru-ku-tt li-ku-nu ki-rib-sa 4sédu na-sir nap-sa-a-ti ilu mu-Ssal-li- mu ur-ru wu mu-Su at tp-par-ku-t i-da-ar 89. 90. BL, 94. the king of Babylon and Chaldea, which my hands had captured, and innumerable (pieces) of equipment which I had laid up as a store for that palace,—(all this) I had (them) bring and place therein (in the palace). At the command of Assur, father of the gods, and Belit, the queen, may I dwell in that palace . In health of body, joy of heart and brightness of countenance. .... .... may my descendants forever and for all time to come, abide therein. May the bull-colossus, guardian of life, the god who keeps (things) safe by day and night, not leave its side. 1, 10. ia 12. 13. 14. . Sa pa-lih ildni?® . mu-sar-bu-u CHAPTER VIII “THE TEMPLE OF THE NEW YEAR’S FEAST” a) INSCRIPTION ON A FOUNDATION STELA FOUND AT ASSUR (I 2) m dSin-ahé?'-eriba sarru rabai sarru dan-nu sar kissati Sar "A ssur** . Sar kib-rat irbitti(tt) mu-tar-ru-u nise?! rapsate?! . e-pis sa-lam 4Assur! wu ildni?! rabitr?! mu-sak-lil . pa-ra-as E-sdr-ra ma-si-u-ti ina bi-rt ina ki-bit . Samas wu *Adad mu-sar-bu-u st-luh- hi-su-un . mu-tir “lamassu H-sdr-ra ba-as-tt a-na as-ri-Su Sa Samé(e) wu ildne?? 1A SSur™* ra-bis . mu-du-u mu-ul-li ildni?’ rabiiti?’ ina Sub-ti-Ssu-nu si-ma-ti-su-nu LA SSur** mu-sak-lil ma-ha-zi-su mu-ma-gir mat na-ki-r1 mu-ab-bit da-dd-me-su-un mu-sah-ru-u nidir éP! pi-tu-u_ be-ra-a-tt mu-Ssah-bi-ib pat- ta-a-tr Sa-kin nu-uh-st u duh-du ina v-ga-ri 1A SSur** rap-Ssu-tt mu-kin mé?! si-ka-a-ti ina kar-ba-a-ti tA SSur** 1 Written AN-SAR. e-pis 135 ay 10: as 12. 13. 14. Sennacherib, the great king, the mighty king, king of the universe, king of Assyria. . king .of the four quarters (of the world), ruler of wide-spread peoples; . maker of the image (statue) of Assur and the great gods; who restores all (fulfills) . the forgotten cults of Esharra, who, through the oracle, behest (and) at the . of Shamash and Adad, multiplies their ceremonies (cults, ritual); . who restores the powerful(?) pro- tecting deity of Esharra to its place; . who fears the great gods of heaven and greatly . befriends the gods of Assyria, who exalts the great gods in their shrines, . multiplies their adornments; maker of Assyria, who completes its metropolis; sub- duer (who makes obedient) of the enemies’ land, destroyer of their towns; who digs canals, open wells, runs irrigation-ditches, who brings plenty and abundance to the wide acres of Assyria, who furnishes water for irrigation to Assyria’s meadows,— 136 16. Live 18. boy 20. ik, 23. 24. 26. 27. _ Fakkab A PIN THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB . $a ul-tt d-me pa-ni hi-ri-ti wu si-kin ina LA SSur*? man-ma-an la i-mu-ru ai-um-ma la 1-du-u Si-ut mah-ri la i-pu-su mu-har-rit Si-pir 4Libittu ul-té Si-pir bal-tu-ti a-di ki-mah si-mat me-tu-tu ina "yi -1-li aban Sadi(i) Sa ma-na-a- ma ina 'Assur® la i-pu-su Sarru pa-ni mah-ri-ia ma-al-ku pit- ku-du Sa eli Sarréni”! a-sib pa-rak-ki nu--u-da-at be-lut-su tukulti(tt) méati- Su na--id kab-li u tahdzr . su-lul ummdndate’?!-su a-na-ku e-nu-su is-tu sa-lam 4Assur béli rabi(z) béli-ia u sa-lam ildni?’ rabiti?’ epusu-ma u-Sar-me-Su-nu-tt. Su-bat-su-nu ni-ih-ti arah BAR-SAG-SAG arhu ris-tu-u Sa a-bi 4H n-lil %Na-an-mur-te Sa Sar a-sin-ni ki-ri-te tlani®! 4A ssur Sa ul-tu time rikite?’ ina e-sa-a-ti u sah-ma-sa-a-ti. Bit-a-ki-it sért. im-ma-su-u ina ki-rib alt in-ni- ip-pu-su pa-ra-as Sar ildni?! 4A Sur 15. 16. Li 18. i; 20. dil 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. engineering (lit. digging) and con- struction such as none had seen in Assyria in days of old, none had known of (those kings) who went before, (none) had made; who replaces (adobe)-brick work, (lit. the work of the brick-god), both in buildings for the living and the tombs provided for the dead, with mountain limestone, which none of the kings of Assyria, who went before me, had done; provident prince, whose rule is praised above that of (all) kings who dwell in palaces; the support of his land, terrible (lit. exalted) in battle and warfare, . the (protecting) shadow of his armies, am I. At that time, after I had made the image of Assur, the great lord, my lord, and the images of the great gods, had caused them to take up their abode in their shrines of peace, (in) the month BAR-SAG-SAG, the first month of father Enlil, the month Nanmurti, (the month) of the star APIN, of the feast of the banquet of the king of the gods, Assur, which from days of old, on account of disturbances and _ uprisings, had ceased to be held (lit. neglected) in the Temple of the New Year’s Feast of the Desert, (but) was then being celebrated within the city,—the cult of the king of the gods, Assur, in (lit. with) that (kind of a) structure! 28. 30. ol. 32. 33. o4. 35. 36. Oo”. 38. 39. 40. 41. situated at a distance of 30 double-hours in the eastern sea,’’ and he sent tribute. “THE TEMPLE OF THE NEW YEAR’S FEAST” it-ti Sip-ri-im-ma_ Ssti-a-ti a-na_ e-pis Bit-a-kit lib-bi ub-la-ni-ma . te-im 4Samas *Adad al-mad-ma an-na ki- i-pu-lu-in-ni-ma tk-bu-u-ni e-pi-e-Sue ina arhi tabi ai-me Sal-mu ina si-pir ra-bu-tt ni-me-ik asipu-u-tt ina %"pi-i-li aban Sadi(z) ussi-su ad-di-ma ul-la-a gab-dib-bi-su ina aban sadi(2) ri-Si-Su ul-tu ussi-Su— a-di u-Sak-lil-Su-ma_ %-sak-kir-su hur-sa- nis 2-T A pat-ta-a-ti a-na_ -ta-ti-Su U-Sah-ri-i-ma_ “kira nu-uh-sv sip-pat Sa sa-sa°?’ %-Sa-as-hir-su-ma mu-sa-ri-e ku-uz-bi t-ta-ti-Su- u-Sal-me_=—- 28-tu. —- Babila** ah-bu-u lant sa %-Sab-bi-ru nisé?'-Su ina “kakki as-pu-nu as-§t kak-kar ali st-a-ti |St'-ws-st-7 kak-kar-su as-suh-ma a-na "Pu-rat-ti a-na tam-tim %v%-sa-bil e-pi-ri-Su a-na Dilmun** ik-sti-du-ma Dilmun*'-ai i-mu-ru-ma hat-ti pu-luh-ti sa 4A ssur im-kut-su-nu-li-ma ub-lu-u-net na-mur-ta-su-nu 28. 29. 30. ol. 32. 33. 4. 30. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40). 41. 137 —to build a Temple of the New Years’ Feast, my heart moved me, the command of Shamash and Adad I sought by oracle (lit. learned), a favorable reply they gave me, and commanded (me) to build. In a favorable month, a propitious (lit. peaceful) (lit. work) of masterbuilders (and) the wisdom of the priests, I built its foundation of mountain limestone, I raised aloft its turrets (head), its foundation as well as its walls (lit. from its foundation to its walls) I constructed entirely of mountain limestone, and I raised it up moun- Two irrigation ditches I dug around its sides, and encircled it with a garden of abundance and orchard(s) of—, with luxurious plan- tations I surrounded its sides. After I had destroyed Babylon, day, with the aid tain high. had smashed the gods thereof, and had struck down its people with the sword, —that the ground of that city might be carried off, I removed its ground and had it carried to the Euphrates (and on) to the sea. Its dirt (lit. dust) reached (was carried) unto Dilmun, the Dilmunites saw it, and the terror of the fear of Assur fell upon them and they brought their treasures ;! 1 Reports of the power of Sennacherib’s father had reached the ears of ‘‘Upiri, king of Dilmun, ll. 369 f. Sargon’s Annals, 138 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 53. 54. 50. 56. . Sa-a-tth THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB at-ti na-mur-ti-su-nu ummani! di-ku- ut mati-su-nu za-bil dup-sik-ki vnarkabat siparri epsét?! stparri t-nu- th si-pir mati-su-nu a-na na-kar Babili** ts-pu-ru-u-ni a-na nu-uh-hi lib-bi . 4A ssur béli-ia_ ta-nit-ti nisé?! a-na da-la-li dan-nu-ti-Su a-na ta-mar-ti nisé?’ ah-ra-a-ti epiré??! Babilv* as-su-ha-am-ma ina bit a-ki-tt Su-a-te ka-ri-e katmtz v-gar-ri-in ina na-di-e usst Sa Bit-a-ki-ti na-mur-tt Sa ™Ka-ri-bi-ilu Sar 'Sa-ba-> aban(?) . . ni-sik-ti abné?! rikké?! tabuti?! [lc|-ka tk-ba-am-ma is-tu lib-bi na-mur- ti Su-a-th abné rikké?’ a-na libbi ussi-su ad-di a-na libbi uss? Bit-a-ki-te abnusandu abruuknt @-hulala &’“musgarru kaspu—- hhurdsu abnu(JD-AS abnu UD-AS-A8 IM-D UB (aSpuk ?) nap-har rikké?' ta-bu-tui ki-’mal.. . . - ht uSsst St-a-ti ni-gu- la-a Saman ru-us-ti ki-ma mé”! nari lu as-lu-uh te-mi-en-na at-ta Sa ™Sin-ahé?'-eriba sar 'Assur* ra-im ki-na-a-te 42. 43. 44, 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. o2. 54. 55. 56. . of Assur, . UD-ASH-stones, with their treasures they sent artisans, mustered from their land, carriers of the basket, a copper chariot, copper tools, vessels of the workmanship of their land, —at the destruction of Babylon. To quiet the heart my lord, that peoples should bow in submission before his exalted might, I removed the dust of Babylon for presents to (the most) distant peoples, and in that Temple of the New Year’s Feast, I stored up (some) in a covered bin (?). At the laying of the foundation of the Temple of the New Year’s Feast, the treasure which Karibi-ilu king of Saba’,— . . .—stones, pre- cious-stones, choice herbs, ordered to be brought, from that treasure, stones and herbs I laid down in the heart of its foundation, in the heart of the foundation of that Temple of the New Year’s Feast, silver, gold, sandu-stone (carnelian ?), lapis-lazuli, hulalu, mushgarru, UD-ASH-ASH- stones, I heaped up. All kinds of choice herbs, like—I—. That foundation I sprinkled with the choicest oil as with water from the river. Thou, Foundation (-deposit), for Sennacherib, king of Assyria, lover of justice, 1Three Sabaean kings, and one mukarrib, of this name are known (see Corpus Inscr. Sem., Pars Quarta, Tomus II, Nos. 373 f., and Glaser, Skizze, I, 62). Tiglath-pileser III and Sargon had dealings with Saba’, the latter with a king called Ithamar (Annals, 1. 97). 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. rip 72. “THE TEMPLE OF THE NEW YEAR’S FEAST” 139 e-pis sa-lam 4Assur ba-an bit da-me- 57. maker of the image of Assur, builder tk-ta-Su a-na ¢Assur ki-bi of the house of his grace, to Assur speak: u-ti AsSurk* yu H-Ssdr-ra_ lis-te-li-bu 58. With Assyria and Esharra may his lipt?'-su offspring prosper; mar é?'-Su mar-maré?'-Su it-ti sal-mat 59. may his sons and his grandsons abide kakkadi li-ku-nu among the black-headed race a-na du-ur da-a-ri ai-um-ma rubi 60. (of men) for ever and ever. May arkii(%) sa 4A ssur . any future prince a-na r@u-ut matt u nisé?! i-nam-bu-u 61. whose name Assur shall call for the SUM-SU rulership (shepherding) of land and people, Sa ina pali-su bitu st-a-ti in-na-hu 62. in whose reign that temple shall fall an-hu-us-su to ruins, restore lid-dif mu-sar-ai li-mur-ma samna_ 63. its ruins; may he look upon my lip-su-us memorial stela, anoint it with oil, niké ik-ki ina as-ri-su lis-kun 64. offer sacrifices, and restore it to its place. 4A SSur tk-ri-bi-su 1-Sim-me 65. And Assur will hear his prayers, mu-ni-kir mu-sar-at da-ai-i-si a-ma- 66. But the destroyer of my stela, who ti-1a ignores my word, e-pis [la] tabi al-na..... }?? w 67. who does that which is not good for— pir-hr?'-Su-nu and their offspring,— 4A SSur Sar ildni?’ u ildni? rabati?’ Sa 68. may Assur, king of the gods, and the Samé(e) wu irsitim(tim) great gods of heaven and earth, ar-rat (la] nap-st-ri ma-ru-us-ti li-ru- 69. curse him with an evil curse which ru-Su-ma cannot be removed, may Sarru-us-su. ligs-ki-pu baldt-su. lu-ki- 70. they overthrow his kingship, deprive Mu-SU him of life, and Suma-su zéra-Su _pir-hi(lipa?)-su uw 71-72. destroy his name, his seed, his na-an-nab-su kith and his kin, in every land. ina nap-har matdti li-hal-li-ku b) INSCRIPTION INTENDED FOR A FOUNDATION STELA (I6) . ™Sin-ahé?'-eriba sar 'Assurk* e-pis 1. Sennacherib, king of Assyria, maker of sa-lam 7A sSur uw ildni?! rabtiter! the images of Assur and the great gods: . Bit-a-ki-it séri Sa "parsu-Sa' ul-tu 2. the Temple of the: New Year’s Feast ame?! rikiite?’ im-ma-su-u of the Plain, whose cult has been for- gotten since days of old, 140 10. UB be 12; 13. THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB . fina bil-ri wu ki-bit 4Samas u “Adad Bit|-ug(?)-ga bitu ka-mu-u tk-mu-su isdtu(girru) bit pa-pa-hi-’u E-balag-ga str-tu. ni-bit-su az-kur . abul siparri russa(a) Sa ma-la a-ga-[le?’ Sa] si-pir “Nappahu . ina nik-lat ramdni-ia t-Se-pis-ma sa- lam ‘Assur Sa ana libbi Tiamat] sal-ti allaku(ku) . “kastu ki-t sa na-su-v ina ’narkabti sa ra-ak-bu a-bu-bu [sa pa-ak'-du . tAmurru sa a-na mu-kil ap-pa-a-ti at-ti-Su rak-bu a-'na pi'-i sa 4Samas u 4A dad . tna bi-rt tk-bu-nim-ma_ si-ir abulli Sa-a-SU sani?" al- laku(ku) u arki-su llaku(ku) sa ru-ku-bu rak-bu Sa ina sépdt-su illaku(ku) [wu] ki-c Sa ina pani 4A SSur €-sir pa-ni-su si-id-ru u arki 4A sSur si-id-ru Ti-amat nab-nit [kir-bi-su] sa 4A ssur Sar ildni a-na lib-bi-su sal-ti il-la-ku a-na ‘eli pila sa “Samas u 4Adad si-ir abulla Sa-a-Su e-sir si-it-ti tani?! Sa ina §épat-su-nu al-la- ku ina ela pi-i sa “Samas u ¢Adad 3. 10. Ik. 12. 13. which(?) I restored at the command of the oracle (lit. oracle and com- mand) of Shamash and Adad,— its outer temple, Bit-ugga, was de- stroyed by fire. . The name of its sanctuary, E-balagga, I changed and I called its exalted name. . A gate of burnished copper, with all kinds of—, in the workmanship of the Smith-god, . by my own artistic ability, I made, and the image of Assur, who is advancing to battle into the midst of Tiamat, . as he raises his bow, riding in a chariot, bringing on the storm, . (and the image of) Amurru, who rides with him as charioteer (holder of the reins), (these) I engraved upon that gate . at the command of Shamashand Adad, as they gave it through the oracle. The gods who went before him and after him, those who rode on chariots, and those who went on foot, as they were drawn up in line before Assur, and as they were drawn up in line behind Assur. (The image of) Tia- mat, (and) the creatures inside her, into whose midst Assur, king of gods is advancing to battle,—I engraved upon that gate in obedience to the command of Shamash and Adad. The rest of the gods, who were advancing on foot,—at the command of Shamash and Adad (I engraved these) — 14. 15. so Gece Rev. il 10. . ma-la “THE TEMPLE OF THE NEW YEAR’S FEAST” a-di la-a 4*Assur Ti-amat i-kam-mu-u ti-ma-ma-a-nu sa Ti-amat i-na-as-sa-a [pa-na(?)! i-nam-di-nu ki-t an-ni-i ina §épa-su-nu t-du-ul-lu . it-te-Su-nu ku( ?)-ul-[lu] [ana eli! pi-z sa 4Samas u 4Adad [sa si-ir] le-sir| kaspt hurdst siparri se-ir-th [a-bul|-lc Su-a-ti = aS-tu-ru Cy ee ee . ul-ziz t-nu-ti kaspi hurdsi stparri ul-tu eli 1 IGI-MAS(?) . a-di 1 Siklu Sup-si-lim-ma_ a-ha-mes a-na la? .. mu-nak-kil nik-la-te-su- nu . sa-bit bat-ki-su-nu a-li---e a-na-ku( ?) Sum-ma sa dun sa stparri Sa-a-su . 'a?'-na bab baldti ta-Sak-kan at-mi Sar tlani®! 4A sSur ilu ba-ni-ta TES nts 4)-Sad-ru u mas-kan sa-lam 44 SSur wu sa-lam iléni rabiti?! at-ti-su. a-na_ libbt Ti-amat sal-ti il-la-ku is-(giS?)-ru-su bat-ka SU-% . la a-na-ku %-sap-si-lu a-na id- ... - su-nu-ti as-su li-ch-ha-kim . an-na tna lib-bi us-Sa-am-id tna libbi an-nim-ma hi-kim ki-t bat-ka st-u ana-ku t-sap-si-lu sa-lam ¢Assur Sa a-na libbi Ti-amat sal-ti illak(ku) sa-lam ™4Sin-ahé?'- eriba Sar 'A&Sur 14, 10. . holding . I had not repaired (welded). . this therein I—. 141 when Assur was not yet overpowering Tiamat, and facing the beasts whom Tiamat was bringing on, . how these were advancing on foot back(?)); thei... <. In obedience to the command of Sham- ash and Adad [that which] . I wrote (i.e., described in words) upon that gate, I (also) engraved (thereon) gold, copper,—, silver, . I set up. Vessels of silver, gold, copper (whose weight ranged ?) from half . to 1 shekel, were welded together or ae the skilled their beauty, designer of . the repairer of their injuries (cracks), Tam able (7 or, wish). . 2 .. If this —of copper . at the gate of life(?) thou dost place, say(?): “King of the gods, Assur, the gods, my begetter, Te ey eee es the place of the image of Assur and the image of the great gods, . as many as advanced to battle with him into the midst of that Tiamat, its—, its injury For their—, that I might learn( ?) On learning this therein, that that injury (existed), I repaired it.” (This is) the image of Assur as he advances to battle into the midst, of Tiamat, the image of Sennacherib, king of Assyria, 142 Rev. Hip 12. 13. 14. 15. on . ™4Sin-aheé?'-ertba Ohae THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB 4Sdr-tir 4Sdr-gaz 4Ga-ga 4Nusku 11. of Shar-ur, Shar-gaz, Gaga, ‘Nusku, 4Daianu *Tispak “MAS 84 dari 4Ku-bi =¢*Ha-ni = *Sibittu. — an-nu-te ilani®! Sa ina pani 4A SSur al-la-ku 4NIN-LIL @Se-ru-u-a 4Sin ¢NIN- GAL 4Samas *Aia *Gam-lat 44-num An-tum *Adad 4Sa-la ¢E-a 4Dam-ki-na 4Be-lit ilaniv' (MAS an-nu-ti ildni?! Sa arki “Assur allaku(ku)| . [ana]-ku ka-si-du ina “narkabti 4A ssur Sak-nu . [Ti]-amat a-di nab-nit kir-bi-su 12. 13. 14. 15. 2. Daianu, Tishpak, Mash of the Wall, Kubu, Hani, Sibitti—these gods who were advancing in front of Assur, Ninlil, Sheru’a, Sin, Ningal, Shamash, Aia, Gamlat, Anu, Antum, Adad, Shala, Ea, Dam- kina, the mistress of the gods, Mash,— these gods who are behind Assur. . Iam the one who conquers, stationed in Assur’s chariot. Tiamat and the creatures inside her. c) INSCRIPTION ON STONE BLOCK FROM THE TEMPLE OF THE NEW YEAR’S If 2. . ™4Sin-aheé?'-eriba sar kissate . Sar "Assur épes(es) sa-lam 4A SSur . urlani rabite?! . Bit-a-ki-tt Su-a-ti VYA . ul-tt ussi-sa a-di gab-dib-bi-sa . tna %y7-1-li aban Sadi(t) . U-zak-kir hur-sa-nigs iN FEAST (13) Sennacherib, the king of the universe, king of Assyria, maker of the image of Assur . and the great gods, . that Temple of the New Year’s Feast . from its foundation to its upper-walls (that is, both its foundation and its upper walls) 6-7. I built mountain high of mountain limestone. d) THE SAME (14) Sar kissatt Sar LA SSur . 6pes(es) sa-lam ¢Assur 4A-nim 4Sin . amas ¢Adad 4Nergal ¢Istar bit Kid-mu-ri *MAH wu aldni rabite®’ ana-ku . [Sd] Bit-d-ki-ct mu-sab 4A Ssur béli-ia . [ina] %"ni-li pise(e) te-min-su ad-di L 2. 3. 4. Sennacherib, the king of the universe king of Assyria, maker of the image (statue) of Assur, Anu, Sin Shamash, Adad, Nergal, Ishtar of the Kidmuru-temple, Mah, and the great gods, am I. 5-6. I built (laid) the foundation-plat- form of the temple of the New Year’s Feast, the dwelling of Assur, my lord, of white limestone. Oo oF W DO oo NI - 10. . épes(eX) sa-lam ¢A sur 4Ser-u-a . 4A-nim 4Sin 4Samas 4Adad . Tstar sa bit "Kid-mu)-ri (MAH . Ga-ga *Ha-ni *Ki-bi(KUG-SUD) . ?DUB(Balag?) @Nergal' 4|NIN]- . u ildéni rabiite”’ [ana]-ku . te-me-en Bit-a-ki-ti i-sin-ni “THE TEMPLE OF THE NEW YEAR'S FEAST” 143 e) THE SAME (15) . ™@Sin-aheé?'-eriba sar kissatt sar 1. YA SSur Oo or W WD GAL-KI-'MAH' CO NI . ki-ri-ti *AsSur ina pi-la 9. aban Sadi(t) ussi-su ad-di 10. Sennacherib, king of Assyria, the king of the universe, . maker of the image of Assur, Sherua . Anu, Sin, Shamash, Adad, . Ishtar of the Kidmuru-temple, Mah . Gaga, Hani, Kubu, . Dub, Nergal, Ningal-kimah, . and the great gods, am I. . The foundation-platform of the Temple of the New-Year’s Feast, the festival of Assur’s banquets, of mountain limestone I built (laid) its foundation. 10. . ™4Sin-ahé?'-eriba CHAPTER IX MISCELLANEOUS BUILDING INSCRIPTIONS AND EPIGRAPHS I. REPAIRS MADE ON THE TEMPLE EHARSAGKUR- KURRA AT ASSUR (17) Sarru. rabi Sarru dan-nu sar kisgsati sar 'AsSur** Sar kib-rat irbittiém(tim) mut-"tar-ru-u] . nse?’ rapsate?’ e-pis sa-lam 4A ssur 4A-nim 4Sin 4Samags 27... . *Nergal *Istar Sa bit Kid-mu-ri “(MAH au cldni”’ rabiitr?! . mu-sak-lil pa-ra-as E-sdr-ra u E-mis- y mis Sa pa-lih ildni?’ Sa Samé(e) u alani?! . Assur? ra-big mu-du-u e-pis "A ssurk* mu-sak-lil ma-ha-zi-su na-si-ih [mat] . na-ki-ri mu-ab-bit da-dd-me-su-un mal- ku pit-ku-du sa eli sarrani?’ a-sib parakki . nu--u-da-at be-lut-su tukulte(tt) méati- Su na--id kabli wu tahazi su-lu-lu _ ummdandte?'-su a-na-ku i-nu-su H-har- sag-gal-kur-kur-ra Sa ki-rib E-sdr-ra pa-rak 4A ssur . béla rabi(c) béli-ia Sa ul-tu time?! rikite?’ si-ma-tu-Su im-ku-ta-a-ma bdbi-su pi-tu-u a-na situ ina uend™ (text has énd) ra-pa-as-ti Sa ¢4H-a is-ru-ku ile 10. 144 . of Assyria. Sennacherib, the great king, the mighty king, king of Assyria, king of the four quarters (of the world), ruler of . widespread peoples, maker of the image of Assur, Anu, Sin, Shamash, — . Nergal, Ishtar of the Kidmuru-temple, Mah, and the great gods, . who restores all (fulfills) the cults of Esharra and Emishmish, who fears the gods of heaven, and greatly befriends the gods Maker of Assyria, who completes its metropolis, who de- stroys the land of . the enemy, who destroys their settle- ments. Provident prince, whose rule . Is exalted above that of (all) kings who dwell in palaces; the support of his land, terrible in battle and war- fare; the . (protecting) shadow of his armies, am I. When Eharsaggalkurkurra, which is in Esharra, the shrine of Assur, . the great lord, my lord, whose splen- did structure had fallen to ruins since days of old;—its door opened to the south. In the wisdom (lit. wide ears), which Ea gave me, El; 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17; 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. MISCELLANEOUS BUILDING INSCRIPTIONS AND EPIGRAPHS 145 ina si-tk-lu-vi-ti Sa “A SSur ti-Sat-li-man- nt 1a-a-st ina te-im ram-ni-ia am-tal-lik-ma bdb E-har-sag-gal-kur- kur-ra a-na_ na-pa-ah 4Samsi(si) mi-cth-rit ™sadt pi-ta-a-su ldb-bt —ub-la-an-ni_—_—te-im 4Samas 4Adad_ al-mad-ma_ an-na ki-i-nu i-pu-lu-in-mi-ma sa babi su-a-[ti] a-na na-pa-ah *Samsi(s¢) mi-ih-rit *™sadt 4Samag u *Adad ik-bu-u pi-ta-a-Su ina Se-me-Su-ma igara an-da-ak-kis-ma a-na trat 4Assur béli-ia = mi-ch-rit imsadtii bdba ap-te-e-ma_ bdb Sarru-'ti! Suma-su am-bi bit-Sa-hu-ru es-ses e-pu- us-ma bab-su t-rap-pis ina bab bit-sa- hu-ru es-Sit St-a-tu 4 GUD mér 4Samag siparri russa(a) e-lig kdta*-Su-nu 4Samsi(s) NA-SU-U t-kal-lu su-lu-lu sap-lis sépd4-Su-nu i-na elt 2 parak siparre Sa HA-LU-GAL-LU(nin améli) stparrt Sa Suhur' siparrt Sur-si-du gis-gal-la imna u suméla sa babi UR-BE (idim- me?) w& akrab-amélt kul-lu. si-ga-ri babi su-nu-'tu] bab harran sti-ut 4En-lil as-sa-kar Sum-Su_ kisal-su es-sis ab-ni-ma kisal si-dir man-2a-az 4Tgigi Sum-Su am-bi bdb-su sa a-na si-it 4Samsi(s7) a-na muhhi nari bab bu-ru-mu Ads 12. 13. 14, 15. 16: Lie 18. 1g; 20. 21. 22. 23. with the cleverness with which Assur endowed me, I took counsel with myself alone, and to open the gate of EKharsaggalkurkurru to the east (rising sun) instead of the south, my heart moved me. The will of Shamash and Adad I sought to learn (by oracle), and they vouchsafed me (their) enduring grace,—that that door should open toward the east instead of the south, Shamash and Adad commanded. On hearing this, I cut through its wall and toward the breast of Assur, my lord, instead of the south, I opened a new door, and I called its name Gate of Royalty. The Shahuru-temple I built anew, and widened its door. In that door of the Shahuru temple, four (statues) of GUD, son of Sha- mash, of burnished copper, raising their hands on high to Shamash, supported the roof. Below their feet rested upon two bronze shrines, of copper fish-men (and) of copper Suhur-fish. (To) the rooms right and left of the gate, fierce dogs and scorpion men supported the entrances. The Door of the Road of Enlil, I called its name. Its court I restored and called it the Court of the Rows of the Stations of the Igigi. Its door, opening toward the rising sun, and upon the river, I named the Burumu (Firmament,)-door. 146 24. 25. 26. 28. 29. 30. ol. 32. 33. 34.., THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB az-za-kar ni-bit-su bab ni-ri-bi-su a-na kisalli ni-rib 4Igigt Sum-Su az-kur babu Sa a-na situ bab-kam-su “gigi Sum-su am-bt bab ni-ri-bi-su a-na kisalla bab hi-[sib] mati Sum-Su az-kur bab-su Sa a-na *iltdénu bab ***bsumbi Sum-su am-bi . bab ni-ri-bi-su a-na kisalli bab parak Vd mate?’ Sum-Su az-kur bab pa-pa-hi bit Sa-hu-ru igarate?'-Su a-di kisalli-su_ bitdte?! babdate”! ul-tu ussi-su a-di gab-dib-bi-su ina si-pir 4Libittu u-Sak-lil-si-ma ki-ma Sadt(t) ri-si-su ul-li ina nik-lat lib-bi-ia Sa babdte?’ Aly u 'kisallé-si'-na Sum-su-nu am-bi-ma ni-bit-si-na az-kur te-im-me-en-na at-ta sa 4 Sin-ahé?'-[eriba] Sar ‘Assur ra->-im ki-na-a-ti e-pis sa- lam wli-su ba-an bit da-me-tk-ta-su a-na 2A Sur ki-'bt! it-ti Assur®* wu H-Ssdr-ra_ lis-te-li-bu lipt (pir-hi)?'-Su médré?'-Su mdr ér? mar é?'-Su it-tt sal-mat kakkadz li-ku-nu a-na du-ur da-a-ri ai-wm-ma ruba arki(d) sa *AsSur a-na réu-ut matt u niséP! 7-nam-bu-u Sum-Su Sa ina pali-su bitu su-a-ti in-na-hu an-hu-su lid-dis mu-sar-at li-mur-ma samna lip-sti-us 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. dl. 32. 33. 34. Its entrance door to the court, I called the Entrance of the Igigi. The door toward the south, I named the Door of Prostration(?) of the Igigi. To its entrance door to the court I gave the name Door of the Products of the Land(s). Its door toward the north, I called the Door of the Wagon- star. Its entrance-door to the court I named the Door of the Shrine of Fate. The Bab Papahi (Door to the Sanctuary) of the Shahuru- temple,— its walls as well as its court, (its) rooms and doors, from its foundation to its surrounding wall, I completed it in brick (lit. work- manship of the brick-god). I raised its top (head) mountain-high. In the cunning of my heart (artistic sense) I gave names to its doors and their courts. Thou, foundation stela, for Sennacherib, king of Assyria, lover of justice, maker of the images of his god, builder of the temple of his grace, to Assur speaks: With Assyria and Esharra may his offspring prosper; may his sons and his grandsons abide among the black-headed race (of men) for ever and ever. May any future prince whose name Assur shall call for the rulership (shepherding) of land and people, in whose reign that temple shall fall to ruins, restore its ruins; may he Jook upon my memorial stela, anoint it with oil, MISCELLANEOUS BUILDING INSCRIPTIONS AND EPIGRAPHS 35. niké lik-ki ina as-ri-su lis-kun 4A SSur tk-ri-bi-Su. 1-Sim-me mu-nak-kir- mu sar-at 36. da-ai-i-si a-ma-ti-ia 4A SSur Sar ildni?® au ildni?! rabite?! 37. Sa Samé(e) wu irsitim(tim) ar-rat ma- ru-us-tu li-ru-ru-su-ma 38. Sarru-us-su lis-ki-pu baldta-su li-ki- mu-su Suma-su zéra-su 39. pir-hi-su wu na-an-nab-su i-na pi nisé?! li-hal-li-ku 147 35. offer sacrifices, and restore it to its place. And Assur will hear his pray- ers. But the destroyer of my stela, 36. who ignores my word, may Assur, king of the gods, and the great gods 37. of heaven and earth, curse him with an evil curse which cannot be removed, 38. may they overthrow his kingship, deprive him of life, 39. and destroy his name, his seed, his kith and his kin, inthe people’s mouth. II. FOUNDATION STELA OF A HANI TEMPLE (18) 1. ["¢Sin-'ahé?'-eriba Sarru rabi Ssarru dan-nu Sar kigs-Sa-ti Sar “A SSurk 2. [Sar kib-rit crbittim(tim)| mut-tar-ru-u nse?! rapsate?! 3. [e-pis sa-lam 4AsSur....] ¢Adad 4Nergal *Nusku 4-7, (LOST) Boe sea ke. u-Sd-ad-[gil .... Ose eal ummaniate®?'-su a-na-ku iB ye oe §a-ad|-da-bak-ku Sd mi-nu-tt pean Soa Vite. Fees 4Ha-ni ili-su-nu t-sar-bi-1 LDP, ee aa a-na wldn?* rabite eee ah ti ildni?' a-na . . it Berm ie rt ina mah-ri-a Lo. LO ge ces e-pis *Ha-ni \ eae 18. [wl-tu] wsst-Su a-di gab-dib- bi-su t-sak-lal 19. ¢Ha-ni itlusé *"dupsarré?' G-sar-ma-[a 20. te-im-me-na at-ta sé ™4Sin-ahé?'-eriba Sar 'Assur* 'ruba(u) 1. Sennacherib, the great king, the mighty king, king of the universe, king of Assyria, 2. king of the four quarters of the earth, ruler of widespread peoples, 3. maker of the images of Assur erate 5 Adad, Nergal, Nusku 4-7, (Lost) a arse LOL WHOM si, . ss has made subject Sree eae his armies, am I. 1OF aor ee the shaddabak whose appear- ance was... . BAT Gaels of Hani, their god, I made great [25a for the great gods, Loa gods, for 14 eee before me LOR ca mecae Whi seek ree to build (for?) Hani, Vine 18. from its foundation to its walls I finished. 19. Hani, god of the scribes, I made to dwell (therein). 20. Thou foundation(-stela), for Sen- nacherib, king of Assyria, the prince, 148 21. 22. 23. 24. 28. AY, on . ™4Sin-ahé?'-eriba THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB e-pis sa-lam *Assur w& alan?!’ rabiitr? ba-an_ bit-da-me-ik-ta-su a-na [4A ssur ki-bi| mar é?'-Su madr-mar é?'-Su it-ti sal-mat kakkadi li-ku-nu a-na du-ur da-[a-ri] ai-um-ma rubi(u) arki(u) sé 4*AsSur a-na r@u-ut mati u nise?? i-nab-bu-u Sum-su sé ina pali-su bitu Stu-a-th in-na-hu . an-hu-us-su lu-dig mu-sar-& li-mur-ma samna lip-si-us 3. “niké Wk-ki ina as-ri-su lis-kun Assur uw 4Is-tar tk-ri-bi-Su i-sim-me . mu-nak-kir mu-sar-ai da-ai-i-st a-ma- ti-ia 4ASSur sar aldni??’ ui aldni?? rabite?! $d Samé(e) Ww irsitim(tim) ar-rat la nap-su-rt ma-ru-us-th li-ru-ru-su-ma Sarru-su lis-ki-pu balata-su li-ki-mu-su Sum-Ssu zéra-su pir-hi-su na-an-nab-su ina pi-t nisé?! li-hal-lik NORE. Sar kissatt Sar 1A sSur e-pis sa-lam 4A ssur ildniP® rabati”’ ana-ku sa kisal E-sdr-ra ekal alani?? ina &“yi-li-[e] ~te-min-su ad-dt 21. sm maker of the images of Assur and the great gods, builder of the temple of his grace, to Assur speak: (The blessing and curse which follow are the same as in the preceding in- scription, ll. 32b. f.) SLAB FROM THE COURT OF ESHARRA (115) 1: Sennacherib, king of the universe, king of Assyria, maker of the images of Assur (and) the great gods,amI. Of the court of Esharra, the palace of the gods, the foundation- platform I laid with limestone (slabs). IV. BRICK FROM THE SAME TEMPLE AT ASSUR (116) . a-na 4Assur abu ilani”! béli-su . ™Sin-ahé?'-eriba sar 'As-sur . e-pts sa-lam “Assur wu ildni rabiiti?! . ni-bi-hi sa-met E-sdr-ra . tna a-gur-rt_ abné?! ma-?-dis t-si-im ih . Sennacherib, king of Assyria, Cr For Assur, father of the gods, his lord, maker of the image(s) of Assur and the great gods, the cornice of the wall of Esharra, . with burnt-brick blocks (stone) has beautified exceedingly. MISCELLANEOUS BUILDING INSCRIPTIONS AND EPIGRAPHS 149 V. BROKEN INSCRIPTION CONCERNING THE SAME TEMPLE (117) Ms “I 10. club 12. 13. 14. a-na “Assur (An-Sar) Sar kis-sat tlani?’ ba-nu-u ram-ni-su ab ildniP! . &4 ina apst iws-mu-hu gat-tu-us sar Samé(e) u irsitim (tim) . bél ilani?! ka-la-ma sa-pi-ik “Tgigi u 44 -nun-na-ki . pa-ti-ik ir-mi *A-nim wu ki-gal-li e-pis kul-lat da-dd-me . a-stb bu-ru-mu .ellati?! 4Hn-lil alana?! mu-sim Ssimate?! . a-sib E-Sdr-ra sa ki-rib A&SSur** béli rabi(2) béli-su | Sin-ahé?'-leriba . Sar 'AsSurk* e-pis sa-lam 4Assur u alani?! rabiti?! a-[na] . arak (GID-DA) timé?'-su tub(ub) lib- bi-su kun palé-[su] . lilis(LI-LI-ES) siparri russa(a) pi-ti- 1. on To Assur, king of all the gods, creator of himself, father of the gods, .... . whose form developed in the deep (apst), king of heaven and earth, . lord of all of the gods, who pours out the Igigi and the Anunnaki, . fashioner of the abode of Anu (heaven) and the earth’s surface, maker of all habitations, . who dwells in the shining spheres (constellations), Enlil (lord) of the gods, who decrees destinies, . who dwells in Esharra, which is in Assyria, the great lord,! Sennacherib, . king of Assyria, maker of the image of ‘Assur and the great gods, for . the lengthening of his days, the happiness of his heart, the stability of his reign, . a drum of burnished (red) copper, be haan! Pe | OL Peet workmanship, Sa ina si-pir “IGI-DUG-GU e- .... 10. which according to the workmanship of the god IGI-DUGGU, was nak-lis %-Se-pis-ma a-na sd- ..... 11. skilfully made, andfor..... u nu-uh lib-bi-Su.. ... 12. and for the peace of his heart... . NE ee a roe 13. on the fifth day and the seventh ORY puasee a Se eer UE ESATO Rea eee VI. INSCRIBED SLAB FROM THE COURT OF ESHARRA (118) . "4 Sin-ahé?'-eriba sar kissate . Sar ‘Assur e-pis sa-lam “Assur . utldni®! rabiti?! ana-ku sa kisal . B-sdr-ra ekal ilani?? . tna "ni-li pisé(e) te-min-su addi (RU) 1 Going back to Assur in 1. 1. bo . Sennacherib, king of the universe, . king of Assyria, maker of the images of Assur . and the great gods, am I. of the court . of Esharra, the temple of the gods, . I laid with white limestone. The floor 150 THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB ~J VII. INSCRIPTION ON A SLAB FROM ASSUR (119) . ™*Sin-ahé?'-eriba Sar kissati 1. Sennacherib, king of the universe, . Sar ‘Assur epis(es) sa-lam 2. king of Assyria, maker of the images . “Assur(SAR) wu ildni?* rabitel?' ana- 3. of Assur and the great gods, (am I). ku] VIII. INSCRIPTION ON BRICKS FROM A SHRINE AT ASSUR (120) . 4 Sin-ahé?'-eriba sar kissati Sar 'ASsur 1. Sennacherib, king of the universe, épis(es) (v. e-pis) sa-lam 4A SSur u(v. w) king of Assyria, maker of the image(s) alan’ rabtte?! of Assur and the great gods . ana-ku bit-ti-ka-a-ti §a(?) kisal sa-ad- 2.am I. The _ bit-tikdte (house of rum (v.71?) man-za-az *Tgigt ropes ?) of the court where the Igigi stand in line(?), . ina a-gur-ri uttini elliti(ti, v. te) es-sis 3. I built of bright oven-bricks and u-se- pis-ma u-zak-kir (v. t-za-kir) raised mountain high. hur-sa-nis IX. BRICK FROM A PALACE AT ASSUR (121) . ekal 4 Sin-ahé?'-eriba 1. Palace of Sennacherib . Sarru rabtii(u) Sarru dan-nu Sar kigatt 2. the great king, the mighty king, king Sar ‘Assur of Assyria. X. INSCRIPTION ON A LIMESTONE BLOCK FROM ASSUR (122) . ana (vs. a-na)-ku ™Sin (vs.™Sin)- 1. I am Sennacherib, ahé?'-eriba . Sar "Assur (vs. As-Sur) é@pes(eS) sa-lam 2. _king of Assyria, maker of the image(s) dA SSur of Assur .u tdni(AN-ME) rabiti(GAL-ME) — 3. and the great gods, this temple bitu an-nu-u (v. %) . a-na (vs. ana) Assur (v. As-Sur) ili- 4. for my god Assur, for the life ia(AN-MU) ana baléti-Su (TI(L)- LA-BI) . mar-ia kud-din-nu (v. ni) Sa ina sépad _—‘5. of my younger son, who was begotten 4A Ssur (v. adds 7b-ba-nu-w) at the feet of Assur, . epus(us. vs. om.)-ma ina pi-t-li 6. I have built, of limestone (blocks), . aban Sadi(z) ussd-su 7. mountain-stone, its foundation . ad-di 8. I have built (laid). Ee wwe MISCELLANEOUS BUILDING INSCRIPTIONS AND EPIGRAPHS 151 XI. THE SAME (123) . ™4Sin-ahé?'-eriba 1. Sennacherib. . Sar "Assur bita-a-na 2. king of Assyria, (this) palace . ana *Asgur ili-ia ana bala ti-su 3. for Assur, my god, for his life . epus-(us) ; 4. has built. XII. INSCRIPTION FROM THE MUSHLAL AT ASSUR (124) . ™Sin-aheé?'-eriba Sar kisSati Sar ‘Assur 1. Sennacherib, king of the universe, king of Assyria, 2. épes(es) sa-lam 4AsSsur wu ildni?’ 2. maker of image(s) of Assur and the rabite?’ ana-ku great gods, am I. 3. mus-la-lum ekalli Sa ki-rib 3. The mushlal' of the palace which is in 4. Assur (BAL-TIL-K1) ina %"pi-i-lu —_4.. Assur (the city),—of limestone blocks, 5. aban sadi(z) ussa-su ad-di 5. mountain-stone, I built its foundation. XIII. BRICK FROM ROYAL SEPULCHRE AT ASSUR (125) 1. ekal tap-si-uh-te 1. The palace of repose, 2. su-bat da-rat 2. the eternal abode, 3. bitu kima 'Samé-irsitim! Sur-sti-du 3. the house established firm as heaven and earth, 4. sa ™Sin-ahé?'-eriba Sarru rabi 4. belonging to Sennacherib, the great king, 5. Sarru dan-nu sar kissati sar 'ASs-Sur 5. the mighty king, king of the universe, king of Assyria. XIV. THE SAME (126) 1. ekal sa-la-li 1. The palace of rest (sleep), 2. ki-mah tap-si-uh-te 2. the sepulchre of repose, 3. stu-bat da-ra-a-ti 3. the eternal abode, 4. Sa ™4Sin-ahé?'-eriba sar kisgate Sar 4. of Sennacherib, king of the universe, YA S-Sur king of Assyria. XV. BRICK FROM PALACE BUILT AT ASSUR FOR ASSUR-NADIN-SHUM (127) . ™4Sin-ahé?'-eriba sar kissatt Sar 1. Sennacherib, king of the universe, 1A §-Sur king of Assyria, . e-pis sa-lam ¢Assur u ildni®’ rabiti?' 2. maker of the image(s) of Assur and ana-ku the great gods, am I. 1 Some sort of stairway or incline leading up to the palace. on NO OF e () 10. hi 13. 14. . (v. ta)-da-at THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB . bitu a-nu-u ana ASs-Sur-nddin-sumu GAL-TUR-ia . epus-ma ina %"pi-1-li aban Sadi(t) VYA . ussd-su ad-di ina si-pir ¢Libittu . U-Se-pis-ma 7. u-zak-ki-ir hur-sa-nig XVI. sa ™4Sin-ahé?'-eriba sar 'AS§-Sur XVII. . ™4Sin-ahé”'-eri-ba . Sarru raba sarru dan-nu Sar kissati . Sar "Assur Sar kib-rat irbittim(tim) . mi-gir clan’ rabiitir! 4A SSur u “T8-tar (v. [star) . ka-ak (v. “kak) la ma-har . U-Sat-li-mu-in-ni-ma . a-na ra-sa-ab nak-ru-ti ‘A Sur tp-tu-u i-na_—_tu-kul-ti-Su-un rabitim (tim) ul-tu si-tdn a-di Sil-la-an um-ma-na- ti-va Sal-mes lu at-ta-bal-ma gim-ri (v. gi- mir) mal-ki a-sib pa-rak-ki . $& kib-rat ar-ba-1 Se-pu-u-a u-sak-nis- Ma 1-St-tu ap-sa-a-ni 1-na ti-me (v.mt)-su- Ma $d ‘Ni-na-a al be-lu-ti-ia t-bat-su 1Hlsewhere mdru rista 3. This house for Assur-nddin-shum, my oldest son,! 4. I have made and of (blocks), mountain-stone, 5. its foundation I have built. Of brick (lit. the work of the brick god) 6. I have built it, and 7. mountain high I have raised it. limestone VASE INSCRIPTION (128) . Sal *Tas-me-tum-sar-rat SAL-E-GAL 1. Belonging to Tashmetum-sharrat, the concubine (palace-woman) of Sen- nacherib, king of Assyria. INSCRIPTION ON TWO STELAS FROM NINEVEH (130) 1. Sennacherib 2. the great king, the mighty king, king of the universe, 3. king of Assyria, king of the four regions (of the world), 4. favorite of the great gods. 5. Assur and Ishtar 6-7. have given me an invincible weapon, 8. and have opened my hand for the destruction of the enemies of Assyria. 9. Trusting in their great might, 10. I led my armies from one end of the earth to the other 11-12. and brought in submission at my feet all princes, dwelling in palaces, of the four quarters (of the world),— 13. and they assumed (lit. drew) my yoke. At that time 14. I enlarged the site of Nineveh, my royal city. 16. WG 18. 19; 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. oe Ww — “Io MISCELLANEOUS BUILDING INSCRIPTIONS AND EPIGRAPHS 153 . us-rab-bi su-ki-sa me-ti-ik gir-rt Sarri u-Sa-an-dil-ma ti-nam-mir kima (v.ki- ma) ti-me (v. mi) dira U Sal-hu-% nak-lis w-se-pis-ma t-zak- (v. za)-kir hur-sa-nig 100 ina ammati rabitim (tim) ha-ri-su-us us-rap-pis ah-ra-tas ti-me (v. tmé?) gir-ri Sarrt a-na la su-uh-hu-ri "nar é?! u-se-pis-ma Sé a-hi ul-li-e ina me (v. mt)-hir-ti-Su 1-2a-ZU 62 i-na ammati rabitim(tim) Sd gir-ri Sarre (a-di abil “kiré?") am-st-uh ru-pu-su (Vv. us-su) ma-ti-ma nisé?! a-si-bu-ut ali Sa-a-Su sd bit-su la-bi-ru i-nak(v. na-ak)-ka-ru-ma es-su i-ban-nu-% Sd us-Se biti-Su a-na gir-ri Sarrt ir-ru-ba si-ir biti-s% a-na ga-si-si_ il-la-lu-su (v. st) 15. I made its ‘‘market streets” (siks) wide (enough to) run a royal road, 16. and made (it, the road) shine like the day. The wall 17. and outer-wall I caused to be skilfully constructed mountain- high. 18. I widened its moat to 100 great cubits. and raised 19. In days to come, that there might 20. be no narrowing of the royal road, I had stelas made 21. which stand facing each other (lit. on that side over against this). 22-23. 62 great cubits I measured the width of the royal road, up to the Park Gate. 24. If ever (anyone of) the people who dwell in that city 25. tears down his old house and builds a new one, ‘e 26. and the foundation of his house encroaches upon the royal road, 27. they shall hang him upon a stake (crucify him) over his (own) house. XVIII. FRAGMENT OF BUILDING INSCRIPTION (131) USSU rel p70, Uns es . li-me-it dari Ninula(**)| . ki-su-u u-se-pis Or 108 08 ORO eo 8 « @¢€ «® . Sa kabal ali mi-[th]-rat(?) .... . ri-ba-ti-Su-un u-sa-an-dil-[ma_ bi-ri-e- ti ul . su-ka-a-ti us-par-di [u-nam-mir kima ame} Palace anwar . that the work . . . the circuit of the wall of Nineveh.... . A retaining-wall I caused to be Or Re WwW MAGE... aoe ake . which is in the city .... . Its squares I widened... . “Io 8. its streets I adorned. .... 154 10. ie 12, 13. 14. 16. 17, 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB . tna mi-th-rit abulli kabal ali i-na( ?) [a-gur-ri 2"n1-2-la pi-si-e] a-na me-ti-ik narkabti belu-ti-ia u-se- [pes ti-tur-ru] mu-sar-a ab-ni-ma li-i-tu u da-na-nu [Sa ina tukul-ti (*)Assur béli-ia] kul-lat mimma e-pis kdtd-1a u-Ssa-as-tir |ki- rib-su] it-tu mu-sar-e mal-ki a-li-kut ela na-ki-ri as-tak-[ka-nu] . ina dirt kabal dli sa Ninua(**) al be-[lu-ti-ta] ..... a-na sarrani maré-ia e-zib ah-[ra-tas] ee © © @ @ Sa *Assur a-na be-lut mati wu [nisé i-nam-bu-u 2i-kir-su] e-nu-ma dtru Su-a-tu 7-lab-bi-ru-[ma i-na-hu an-hu-sa lu-ud-dis| mu-sar-u Si-tir = Sumi-ia Samni lip-su-us] li-mur|ma luntké lik-ki a-na as-ri-[su li-tir] (Assur u(4)Is-tar tk-ri-[bi-su_ 1-sim- me] 9: 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. Lk 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. Opposite the gate inside the city of burnt-brick and white limestone I built a [bridge] for the driving of my royal chariot. .... I fashioned memorial stelas and wrote thereon the might and power which, with the aid of Assur, my lord, I imposed upon all my enemies (as WEARS ses ces all the works of my hands. With the stelas of princes who went in the wall within the city of Nineveh, my TOyal clvy, «ae I left them for the days to come to the kings, my s0ns eo When [in the reign of any] of my sons . whom Assur [shall call by name] to rule over land and [people], that wall shall become old [and fall to ruins, let him restore its ruins], let him look upon the memorial with my name inscribed, [and anoint it with oil], let him offer sacrifices [and return it] to its place. Then Assur and Ishtar [will hear] his prayers. That which is on the memorial. . . which Sennacherib, (?) .... XIX. SLABS FROM WALL OF NINEVEH (129) . ™4Sin-ahé?'-eriba sar kissati . Sar ‘Assur dira u Sal-hu-u . Sa Ninua™ es-sts u-Se-pis-ma . t-zak-kir hur-sa-nig . Sennacherib, king of the universe, . king of Assyria. The wall and outer wall . of Nineveh I built anew and . raised mountain-high. MISCELLANEOUS BUILDING INSCRIPTIONS AND EPIGRAPHS 15! or Cr XX. BRICK FROM NERGAL TEMPLE AT TARBISI (132) . a-na *Nergal béli-su 1. For Nergal, his lord, . ™4Sin-ahé?'-eri-ba 2. Sennacherib, . Sar ‘Assur** ekal-LAM-M ES 3. king of Assyria, the Meslam-palace, . Sa ki-rib ¢Tar-bi-st 4. which is in Tarbisi, . ul-tt% usst-su a-di gab-dib-bi-su 5. foundation as well as walls (from its foundation to its walls) 6. epus(us) u-sak-lil 6. has (re)built, has finished. oF Wh XXI. SLABS FROM SAME TEMPLE (133) 1. ™4Sin-ahé?'-eriba Sarru rabt 1. Sennacherib, the great king, 2. sarru dan-nu sar kissati Sar ‘Assur 2. the mighty king, king of the universe, king of Assyria, 3. ekal-LAM-MES bit ¢Nergal 3. the Meslam-palace, the temple of Nergal, 4. Sd (v. Sa) ki-rib “Tar-bi-si 4. which is in Tarbisi, 5. u-Se-pis-ma 5. has caused to be (re)built and 6. kima t-me us-nam-mir 6. has caused it to shine like the day. XXII. CONE INSCRIPTION FROM THE SAME TEMPLE (134) 1. a-na *Nergal béli-su ™4Sin-ahé?'-eri-ba 1. For Nergal, his lord, (I), Sennacherib, Sar A&gur*t E-LAM-MES Sa ki-rib king of Assyria, have (re)built the eTar-bi-st ultu ussi-su a-di gab-dib- Meslam-temple which is in Tarbisi— bi-su its foundation as well as its walls; 2. ana baldti-ia sa-lam zéri-ia za-kap 2. for my life, the welfare of my seed, amnakiré?'-ia isir ebtri sa 'Assur** the overthrow of my enemies, the Sa-lam 4Assur epus(us) 2t-ka-a-te [as- success of the harvests of Assyria and kun] the welfare of Assyria, and I have set up votive-cones (pahalli). XXIII. BRICK FROM THE TEMPLE AT KAKZI (135) 1. ™4Sin-ahé?'-eriba sar kissate Sar 1. Sennacherib, king of the universe, 1A SSur** king of Assyria, 2. dira u sa-al-hu sé “Kak-zi 2. the wall and outer wall of Kakzi! 3. i-na(?) a-gur-ri ti-Se-pis 3. has built of brick. 1 From a letter, Harper, 389, 8f., we learn that Sennacherib restored a palace at Kakzi for the use of Naki’a, his queen. 156 10. 13 12. 13. 14. 15. . *Sin-ahé?'-eriba . la-as-su-ni THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB XXIV. A COLLECTION OF EPIGRAPHS (136) kissatt = Sar ‘Assur i-na Sadé?! dan-nu-tt Sar . &4é bal-ti Sd-ri-? ha-a-mu hu-sa-bu i-na lib-bi vgu-up-ni dan-nu-ti sd "e-a-11 . t-na lib-bi S§e-ru--ti-ni Sa-a-ru dan-nu . ka-ai-ma-nu_ i-na_ bir-tu-us-sti-nu_a- la-ku . la i-par-ra-az i-na sa-ka-a-ni sé ma- dak-ti-ia . bal-tu Sanai(%) i-na libbi-si mas-ka-na la ub-la . ana-ku a-di ummadnadte °'-ia u%-sa-am- ri-is ina eli-Su-nu ar-ti-di Bit-"Ku-bat md Marduk-apla-iddina(na) sar ‘Kar- 4Dun-ia-as ti-ib tahdz-1a e-dur-ma *“°“su-ba-tu be-lu-ti-su u-sar-rit-ma ul-tu °‘Babili ur-ru-hi-1s U-st mSi-eu-bu sarru NI-ZI &4 Sarrut(ut) Babil® ra-ma-nu-us a-tir-ru har-ba-su ta-ha-zi-1a im-ku-su -ma i 9: 10. 1a 12. 15. 14. 15. 16. Lye 18. 19; Sennacherib, king of the universe, king of Assyria, in the mighty mountains, . wherein there is no abundant (plant)- life—(neither) hému (nor) husdbu,! . (but) wherein mighty wild grape- vines thrive; . no strong, steady wind . delays progress (going) among them: . Into the (place) where I pitched my camp, . no other (second) living being made his halt (lit. brought his camping-place). . Over them (these mountains) I and my armies, laboriously struggling, passed. Bit-Kubat Merodach-baladan, king of Baby- lonia, feared the onset of my battle, rent his royal robe and hastily left Babylon. Shuzubu, the terrified king, turned the kingship of Babylon to himself,— terror of my onset fell upon him and he became despondent(?), from the back of (his) horse he fell to the ground. Sumer Meluhha( ?) who XXV. EPIGRAPH: SENNACHERIB AT LACHISH (137) 16. zr-sa-a na-ah-tt ul-tu si-ir sist kak-ka- ris Lifes im-ku-ut 18. “Sumer eM e( ?)-luh( ?)-ha 1. "4Sin-ahé?'-eriba sar kisSatt Sar LA SSur 2. ina “kusst ni-me-di %-sib-ma 3. Sal-la-at ‘La-ki-su 4. ma-ha-ar-su e-ti-ik 1Cf. AJSL, XXXVII, 166. Me ice) Sennacherib, king of the universe, king of Assyria, . Sat upon a throne (lit. standing-chair) . (while) the booty of Lachish . passed before him. MISCELLANEOUS BUILDING INSCRIPTIONS AND EPIGRAPHS 157 XXVI. EPIGRAPH OVER CITY OF DILBAT (138) 1. Dil-bat** al-me aksud(ud) 1. Dilbat I besieged, I conquered, 2. as-lu-la sal-la-su 2. I carried off its spoil. XXVII. EPIGRAPH OVER CITY OF BIT KUBATTI (139) 1. °Bit-Ku-bat-ti al-me ak-sud(ud) 1. Bit-Kubatti I besieged, I conquered, 2. as-lu-la Sal-la-su ina girrt ak-mu 2. I carried off its spoil, with fire I burned it. XXVIII. EPIGRAPH OVER AN UNKNOWN CITY (140) 1 RG Seta Sd? (da?al?)-am-mu al-me 1..... ammu I besieged ..... laksud(ud)| 2. [as-|lu-la sal-la[su] 2. I carried off its spoil. XXIX. EPIGRAPH OVER THE KING IN HIS CHARIOT (141) 1. ™4Sin-ahé?'-eriba [Sar] kissate 1. Sennacherib, king of the universe, 2. sar 'Assur* [Sallat] 2. king of Assyria. [The booty] 3. *Ka-su-si(?) 3. of Kasusi( ?) 4. ma-har-su [e-ti-ik] 4. passed before him. XXX. EPIGRAPH:SENNACHERIB RECEIVING THE TRIBUTE OF THE MARSHES (142) 1. 4Sin-ahé?'-eriba sar kisSatt Sar 1. Sennacherib, king of the universe, 1A SSur king of Assyria, 2. sal-la-at "a-gam-me 2. booty from the marshes 3. Sa “Sa-ah-ri-tt 3. of Sahriti 4. ma-ha-ar-sv% e-ti-vk 4. passed before him. XXXI. EPIGRAPH OVER THE CAMP OF THE KING (143) us-man-nu sa (v. §4) ™4Sin-ahé?'-eriba Camp of Sennacherib, king of Assyria. Sar ‘Assur XXXII. EPIGRAPH OVER HIS TENT (144) 1. za-ra-tum 1. Tent 2. s4™4Sin-ahé?'-eriba 2. of Sennacherib, 3. sar Assur 3. king of Assyria.! 1 The tent is just back of the king’s throne at Lachish. Col. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. ol. 32. CHAPTER X EXCERPTS FROM THE BABYLONIAN CHRONICLE AND THE HELLENISTIC SOURCES EXCERPTS FROM THE BABYLONIAN CHRONICLE (CT, XXXIV, 46 f.) II omBdabila”’ ul usappthu mi-is-ri [mati- Su! ir-tib-ma ‘%Marduk-apla-iddina u hu-bu-ut mdti-su th-ta-bat wu... . - Su cLa-rak u¢Sar-ra-ba-[nu] ...... Su kit urakki-su(su) ‘%Bél-ib-ni ina Babili®* ina kusst ul-te-sib Sattu [* 4B él-ib-ni *Sin-ahé?'-eriba ¢Hi-ri-im-ma wu °Ha-ra-ra-tum th-te-pi Sattu [[T* ™4Bél-ib-ni 4Sin-ahé?'- ertba ana 'Akkad«* ur-dam-ma_ hu-bu-ut 'Akkad«** th-ta- bat m4 Bél-ib-ni wu *rabite?'-su ana 'Assur ul-te-ik-lu IIT Sandati?! *Bél-ibni Sarru-ut Babila®* epus (us) 4Sin-ahé?'-eriba mara-su ina Babili*' ina kusst ul-te-Sib Sattu. [kom 4A ssur-nddin-sumu_ Is-tar- hu-un-du sar Elamte Hal-lu-su ahu-su is-bat-su-ma baba ina 44 §Sur-ndadin-sumu pani-su vp-hi 1 Lit. ‘closed the door in his face.”’ 18. 1g) 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. dl. 32. 158 The Babylonians had not overstepped (broken across?) the border of [his land]. But he (Sennacherib) became en- raged(?), Merodach-baladan [fled( ?)] he (Sennacherib) plundered his levy Pay. When he had fortified Larak and Sarrabanu [as his outposts], he put Bél-ibni on the throne in Babylon. In the first year of Bél-ibni, Sen- nacherib overthrew Hirimme and Hararatu. In the third year of Bél-ibni, Sen- nacherib descended upon Akkad and carried off the plunder of Akkad. Bél-ibni and his nobles were taken, bound, to Assyria. Three years Bél-ibni ruled in Babylon. Sennacherib placed Assur-nddin- shum, his son, on the throne in Babylon. In the first year of Assur-nddin- shum, Ishtarhundu, king of Elam,— Hallushu, his brother, seized him and imprisoned! him. Perhaps it merely means ‘‘locked him out (of the palace).”’ Col. do. 34. 35. 36. or: 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45, 46. 47. Col. THE BABYLONIAN CHRONICLE AND II XVIII Sanédti?' Is-tar-hu-un-du Sarru- ut '‘Hlamti epus(us) Hal-lu-su ahu-su ina 'Elamti ina kusst ittasab(ab) Sattu VIF" 44 sSur-nddin-sumu 4Sin- ahé?'-eriba ana 'Elamti v-rid-ma ‘Na-gi-tum °Hi- al-ma ‘Pi-al-la-tum wu *Hu-pa-pa-nu th-te-pi hu-bu-us-su-nu th-ta-bat arkti Hal- lu-su Sar Elamti ana 'Akkadi** illi-kam(kam)-ma ina kit Tasritt ana Sippara*™ erub nixér! idak 4SamaX istu E-bar-ra ul attase md A §Sur-nddin-sumu 'Klamti a-bi-ik VI Ssandti?! 4A SSur-nddin-sumu sarru- ut Babilr** epus(us) Sar Elamti ¢Nergal-ui-se-zib ina Babili®* sabit-ma ana ina kusst ul-te-sib 1A SSur ittaska(an) Sattu [ko ™4Nergal-u-se-[zib] 7" Dazu amu XV [kam m4 N ergal-ti-se-zib Nippuru** isbat(bat) SUR-SUR SA(?)-NI-LAL erebTasritu imu I**™" sdb ‘Assur ana Uruk** erubt Ill Imabalkutu(tu)™ Y . lan" sa su-ut Uruk** u nisé?'-su th-tab-tu . Nergal-i-Se-zib arkt Elam, illik-ma alani?! Su-ut Uruk** . u nisé?!-sy i-te-tk-mu “ Tasritu imu VII ina pi-hat Nippuri* 1 Tdeogram probably KIJ-BAL-tu. 33. 34. 35. 36. Oo”. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44, 46. 47. THE HELLENISTIC SOURCES 159 Eighteen years Ishtarhundu ruled in Elam. Hallushu, his brother ascended the throne in Elam. In the sixth year of Assur-nddin- shum, Sennacherib descended upon Elam, Nagitu, Hilmu, Pillatu, Hupapanu, and plundered them. Thereupon, Hallushu, king of Elam, destroyed came against Akkad, entered Sippar toward the end of the month of Tashritu, and slew the inhabitants. did not leave Ebarra. Assur-nadin-shum was captured and carried off to Elam. Six years, Assur-nddin-shum ruled as king in Babylon. The king of Elam placed Nergal- ushézib on the throne in Babylon and invaded (or, defeated) Assyria. Shamash . In the first year of Nergal-ushézib, the 16th of the month Tammuz, Nergal-ushézib took Nippur ended the lamentation( ?). The first of Tashritu the Assyrian army entered Erech. and . The gods of Erech and its inhabitants they plundered. . Nergal-ushézib joined (lit. went after) the Elamite(s) and so the gods of Erech . and its inhabitants were carried off. On the seventh day of the month Tashritu 160 Col. 4, 10. Li 12. 13. 14. 16. 1% 18. RSP . Kudur THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB III sal-tum ana libbi sdb ‘Assur epus(us)- ma tna tahdz séri sa-bit-ma . ana "Assur a-bi-ik sattu I VI arhér! 4N ergal-t-Se-zib . Sarru-ut Babili®* epus(us) 7 Tasritu amu XX V [em . Hal-lu-su sar Elamti nisé?'-su is-hu- Su-ma baba ina pani-sul[su] . tp-hu-t idiki-su VI sandate?’ Hal-lu-su Sarru-ut 'Elamti epus(us) ina 'Klamtt ina ittaSab(ab) arka 4Sin-ahé?'-eriba ana 'EKlamti v-rid-ma istu 'Ra-a-si a-di kusst Bit-bur-na-ki ih-ta-bat Mu-se-zib-¢Marduk ina Babili** ina kusst ittaSab(ab) Sattu [ko Mu-se-zib--Marduk “Abu amuck VIIA SVL jee ih-te-pt — hu-bu-ut-su Kudur gar 'Elamti ina si-hi sa-bit-ma dik X arhé?! . Kudur Sarru-ut ‘Elamti epus(us) Me- na-nu ina 'HKlamte ina kusst ittasab(ab) sattu ul idt Me- na-nu sab ‘Elamti ‘Akkadi** id-ki-e-ma ina °‘Ha-lu-li-e sal-tum ana libbi ‘A SSur epus(us)-ma nabalkutum(tum) "Assur ittaska(an) Sattul V Mu-se-zib-4M arduk 7 Nisanu amu X Vom 1Cf. note on Col. II, 32. 4, AU: el 12. 15. 14. 15. 16. Wee 18. 19. . to Assyria. . ruled as king in Babylon. . Imprisoned! he made an attack upon the Assyrians in the province of Nippur. He was captured in open battle and carried off One year and six months Nergal-ushézib On the 26th of the month Tashritu . his people rebelled against Hallushu, king of Elam, and slew him. Six years Hallushu ruled as king in Elam. . Kudur ascended the throne of Elam. Thereupon Sennacherib descended against Elam, devastated the land from Rashi to Bit-burnaki and carried off its spoil. Mushézib-Marduk throne in Babylon. In the first year of Mushézib-Marduk, on the seventeenth (v. eighth) of Ab, Kudur, king of Elam, was seized ascended __ the during an uprising and killed. Ten months he reigned in Elam. Menanu ascended the throne in Elam. In an unknown year [it was 691 B.c.], Menanu mustered the armies of Elam and Akkad, made an attack upon Assyria at Halulé and defeated Assyria.? In the fourth year of Mushézib- Marduk, on the fifteenth of the month Nisan, 2 Lit. “‘made an attack into Assyria and invaded Assyria.” THE BABYLONIAN CHRONICLE AND Col. III 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. ny: 30. ol. 32. 33. . d4. 35. 36. ov. Me-na-nu Sar 'Elamti mi-sit-tum t-mi- Sid-su-ma pua-su sa-bit-ma at-ma-a la li-? ina “"Kisilimu tmu lke mahdzu sa-bit Mu-se-zib-¢M arduk sa-bit-ma ana "Assur a-bi-ik IV sandti?' Mu-se-zib-¢-Marduk sarru- ut Babili®* epus(us) ina “"%Adaru timu VIT' Me-na-nu Sar 'Elamti simdti?! IV gsandti?’ Me-na-nu Sarru-ut ‘Elamti epus(us) Hum-ma-hal-da-su ina 'Klamti ina kusst ittasab(ab) Sattu VIIIT*™ garru ina Babili®* ‘ul 1st! rab Dadzu imu [TT tldni?? Su-ut Uruk** istu Eridu® ana Uruk* eribt | ina %"Tasritu imu, X XITT*™ Hum- ma-hal-da-su sar Elamti ina isate ma-hi-is-ma ina mikit(?) 7[satz] imit(ut) VIII sandatir' Hum-ma-hal- (text an)-da-Su Sarru-ut 'Elamti epus(us) Hum-ma-hal-da-su Sant(u) ina 'Elam- ti ina kusst ittasab(ab) arabTebitu tmu XX*em 4Sin-ahér!- eriba Sar ‘Assur mdru-su ina si-hi idik-[Su XXIII! Sandati?! 4Sin-ahé?'-eriba Sarru-ut ‘Assur epus(us) dmu X Xo Sa %!Tebit a-di amu [lt ga Adar si-ht ima ‘Assur SA-DIRIG 20 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. ol. 32. 33. 34. 30. 36. of. THE HELLENISTIC SOURCES 161 . Menanu, king of Elam, suffered a stroke, his jaw was locked (mouth seized) so that he could not speak. On the first of the month Kislimu, the city [Babylon] taken, Mushézib-Marduk was captured and carried to Assyria. Four years Mushézib-Marduk reigned as king in Babylon. On the seventh of the month Adar, Menanu, king of Elam, died. Four years Menanu reigned as king in Elam. Hummahaldashu ascended the throne in Elam. Hight years there was no king in Babylon. On the third of the month Tammuz the gods of Erech returned to Erech from Eridu. On the 23rd of the month Tashrit, Humma-haldashu, king of Elam, was seized with fever, and died from the attack. years Hummahaldashu — was Hight reigned as king in Elam. Hummahaldashu the second, ascend- ed the throne of Elam. On the 20th of the month Tebit, his son killed Sennacherib, king of Assyria, . during an uprising. nacherib reigned as king in Assyria. the 20th of the month Tebit to the 2nd of the month Adar the up- rising continued in Assyria. [23] years Sen- From 162 THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB Col. III 38. "Adar tilmu] XVITI*™ 4A sur-ah- 38. On the 18th of the month Adar iddina méru-su ina ‘Assur ina kusst Esarhaddon, his son, ascended the ittasab(ab) throne in Assyria. Il. EXCERPTS FROM THE HELLENISTIC WRITERS a) Eusebius quoting Polyhistor, who no doubt abbreviated the account of Berossos: b) After the reign of the brother of Sennacherib, and after the reign of Akises over the Baby- lonians, before he had ruled thirty days, he was slain by Merodach-baladan. Merodach- baladan maintained himself as ruler six months, and he was slain by one, whose name was Elibos, and he became king. And in the third year of his reign, Sennacherib, king of the Assyrians, levied an army against the Babylonians, engaged them in battle and conquered; taking prisoner him and his adherents, he carried them off unto the land of the Assyrians. He assumed the rulership over the Babylonians and appointed his son Asordanias as king over them; but he himself withdrew unto the land of the Assyrians. When he received a report that the Greeks had made a hostile descent upon the land of the Cilicians he marched against them, and fought with them a pitched battle, and, after many of his troops had been cut down by the enemy, he conquered and upon the spot he left a statue of himself as a monument of his victory, and ordered his prowess and heroism to be inscribed upon it in the Chaldean character, to hand down the remembrance thereof to posterity. And the city of Tarsos, so he says, he built, after the likeness of Babylon, and he called the city Tharsis. And after enumerating the various exploits of Sennacherib (Sinecherim) he adds he reigned 18 years, and met his end in a conspiracy which was formed against him by his son, Ardumuzan. So far Polyhistor. After Phul his brother Sennacherib reigned. He marched against Babylon with an army. He was victorious, captured Sarnelibos alive, and sent him to Assyria. After he had become master of Babylon, he set his son Asordanisos as king over Babylon, and himself returned to Assyria. When he learned that the Ionians had invaded Cilicia, he hastened against them and destroyed many of them. He left behind a victory-stela, setting up his image in that place, and writing upon it, in Chaldean characters, the events. He built the city of Tarsus, and named it Tarshish. Then he returned, so he says, unto his own land. He ruled 18 years, and was slain by his son. This one reigned 8 years, and after him Hamugios 21 years, and his brother 21. From Abydenos: At the same time, the twenty-fifth, who was Senecherib, can finally be recognized among the kings. It was he who subjected the city of Babylon to his power, and defeated and sunk a Grecian fleet upon the coast of Cilicia. He built also an Athenian temple and erected brazen statues, upon which he engraved his own exploits. And he built the city of Tarsus, after the plan and likeness of Babylon, that the river Cydnus should flow through Tarsus, in the same manner as the Euphrates intersected Babylon. AUTOGRAPHED TEXT OF THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE Col. I On — nn 20 PRISM OF SENNACHERIB Pro fH] Ener frre nT) te EIA FIT peer Apc ae PH Ea ey BER Poll peel fT] BATA 4 FR for EAE fom PATE ITT ar PATA HEHE PHT] ETP EPA far Tr [Fle = 4-4 (EEE ard AIT THe) AY [Px FAG ACE Be APA EET AO Be 1X IP Pe IE ATT Peter pee a HELA ME Rag HET AKT re FEIT HS FETT WPT RITE EPEAT ET Papo PINEAL EAT Tr FRR ET Ele CATT TR TF RELY AE BEET AY [Fy JS em EF AEE BET [FT AT EF EEA EIT PST a Tf SADE. TOBE 8 ETT ETP AAT AT ekOTIEE REY TIE TEE KAGE ATEN eel VED IEE MTF SAU ENTT FRTR FATT RANT IX ITT FY) re 46-— EY VEEN ATA fer er HA YT ETT FT teW Ay Yep eae TFT HE Ape BE ETE MT PE [FEF AT 163 164 THE ANNALS OF SENNACHERIB Coke PERE A eT PARE PH AAT 4 ET FET TTI RE AY EM IE FRE HEIL = AY RRCEAT FOF TET ER ETP ATT AAT Ren) AT RREY IPA v5 LIEN Tree AAT Pre EY REF TTT Bir > EE AT TT AUT TTT TT TIE rE A KK EC EO ER TPF IR ATATTERL AI AF Parl FAUCET FR AF ADTEITT AT VEY TN ASTRO TATE A ATR TAY 30 PAT TEAR EA PAL T EY VY ATK EV RE TATRA PRA TTI AIM Pre EME EI Ay Rite He TTA Tt We Era BIA ot (Ep TERY FR ITel Ti ETE A BIR Mar BIA HIT EE eT 35 ELTEK FRG ET OT PR CHE APH oo SOCEETF TA PRET Pore YTB ar TIT EE Po ETE FA HEI Free BE Pr EQIEET Friel ACEO Ay err BR TRE De Bie AIPA 0 ETAT AED SEER AUTOGRAPHED TEXT OF THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE PRISM 165 PPA EM TPEYA) TREY [PAPE re TT TS BAT AEE TIE TF BR ET ERET | BR a BE AY PENT TIP PUROAC ETF Ese BTL EY Eat HAAR! 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