L I B RARY OF THE U N I VERS ITY Of 1 LLl NOIS \ gtcvmoxx PrGacliod in St. Margaret's, ^^"estlninster, at Evensong on th(3 Second Sunday after Trinity, Juno Sth, 1902, l3eing th(; day appointed for National Thanksgiving for the restoration of peace in South Africa, by the Rev. H. HENSLEY HENSON, B.D., Canon op Westminster. " Giving diligence to keep the unity op the Spirit in THE BOND OP PEACE." — EpliesiailS IV. 3. THE happy ending of the long and costly conflict, which has trouljled our consciences and endangered our common- wealth for so many months, provides an occasion when we ma}' all l)e fitly and rightly urged to consider the great danger we are in hy our unhappy divisions, and to examine ourselves very strictly as to the measure of responsibility which attaches to us for the same. When I say that the war in South Africa has trouljled our consciences, I do not for one moment suggest that we were in any doubt as to the rightness of our cause. It seems to my thinking self-evident that, if ever war be legitimate and just, then this war was l>otli : but none the less, though we were (as far as we could judge) in the right, and though no course lay open to us save that we took, if indeed we would defend the great heritage which we, as Englishmen, have received from our glorious national past, still we were humiliated at the necessity, perplexed and dismayed at the frightful contradiction between the principles and ideals of the Gospel and our conduct, in- evitalile though it seemt^d. We went into the war with heavy hearts ; we clutched with an almost irrational eagerness at every chance of making peace ; we went on with it grimly, as coerced by manifest duty, and when at last we were able to end it wo ri'joiced exceedingly, ^^'e come to church to-day as nuich in -%9 SERMOX. penitence as in thankfulness : for though in the court of the nations, before the tribunal of human judgment, we can main- tain a bold aspect, and, with a clear conscience, claim and, in due course, when the ignoble passions of the moment are displaced by the deliberate verdict of civilized mankind, receive an honourable acquittal ; still, when we turn from man to God, from the opinion of contemporaries to the mind of Christ, we cannot retain this confidence : we must, victors as we are, go on oiu- knees and seek the pardon of that righteous Father of all men. Whose manifested Will Ave have been, more or less guiltily, resisting. Xo one will deny that the persistence of war indicates the partial failure of the Religion of Christ : it is not a total failure, for, paradoxical as it may sound, war itself has been in a measure Christianized. That heaviness of heart and dis- tress of conscience of which I have spoken, are themselves evidences of Christ's power to make men think of Him, even when they draw the sword. He compels a loftier standard as to the ethics of war than once obtained. He presides over the conduct of Christian warfare, inspiring a thousand ministries of compassion, consecrating the immense sorrows, and adding to the sacrifice something of the Divine Splendour of His own Cross. He is an unseen but not unfelt Assessor at the council- board of peace: He mitigates the harshness of defeat, silences the old brutal concpteror's shout, '' Vce ridis ! '^ and creates an atmosphere of chivalry and consideration, in which the gaping wounds of recent conflict begin at once to heal. Christ follows the armies, whose movements He cannot yet prohiljit, and pleads as an advocate before a tribunal which He cannot yet direct. He is amongst us, as formerly in faithless -Xazareth, of which the record stands in the Gospel, that ^^ He could there do no mighty tvorh, save that he laid, His Haiuls upon a feu- sick folh, and healed them."' Yes, the failure of Christianity is not absolute — in many directions the influence of Christ's Religion is manifest — and on what we see and know, we may rightly luiild our conviction that 310 i SERMON. the time will come when failure shall no more remain, an.cl the bright dreams of the prophets shall receive realization in nobler measure than they knew, and the Self-surrender of the Son of God shall draw in its train the moral conquest of mankind. ^^ Behold, I have given HiiJi for a witness to the iieople, a leader anid commander to the j^eople. Behold, thou shall call a nation that thou hnou-est not, and a nation that Icnew not thee shall run unto thee, because of the Lord thy God., and for the Holy One of Israel ; for He hath glorified thee.^^ But this victory of the Prince of Peace shall be won l^y the efforts of His servants. They are in the icorld as He was, charged with the same mission, subject to the same conditions, inspired by the same spirit : and the eventual result to which their labours shall lead will lie the establishment of His everlasting Kingdom of righteousness and peace. Xo doubt this is a very perplexing, a very solemn fact. We cannot even imagine the reason why the Almighty should have chosen this method, and no other, for the carrying out of His eternal purpose of mercy. We cannot tell ; perhaps we ought not to ask. Sure it is that we move amid stern and baffling mysteries in this world, which is our earthly home. We cannot escape them, for they daunt our courage and menace our faith. Sometimes the enveloping cloud penetrates within the shielded precincts of our personal life, and we ourselves and those we love are wrapped in its darkness. And then the philosophies which seemed so cogent and satisfactory in our time of prosperity fail us altogether, and we seem to lose our foothold on the ladder of faith. In front of some desolating sorrow — which seems to give the lie to our fair Christian Creed of Love Divine, some outrage, so wanton, so apparently pur- poseless, and inflicting anguish so cruel and so unavailing that it takes inevitably the form of an imperious and almost insolent challenge to our faith — even good men have lost heart and hope. And yet even then there is a witness of God in us ; even then, ;ni SERMON. in spite of oursclvos, Ave turn to Him, for deep down beneath emotion and beyond experience there is a unity of being which must assert itself, and the protest of the heart's unutterable pain merges finally into the affirmation of an unconquerable hope. " Oh, that I hnew u-Jiere I might find Him, that I might come even to His seat ! .... Behold I go foru-ard, but He is not there ; and bachcard, but I cannot pe?-ceiVe Him : on tJie left liand, -when He doth n-orJi, but I cannot behold Him: He hideth Himself on the right hand, that I cannot see Him. But He hioweth the v:ay that I talce ; when He Jiath tried me, I shall come forth as gold.''^ That faith, tested in the furnace fire of affliction, is an austerer, stronger thing than the old glad confidence which died in the darkness. • The Mysteries of the world are many, and this Mystery of the Divine Patience is perhaps the greatest. Yet, instinctively, we feel that the Psalmist was right when he built fear of God on the fact of God's mercy. There is a moral greatness in jiatience which coerces to worship the reluctant spirit of man. " God, tJiere is mercy icith Thee : therefore sJtalt Thou be feared." The prophet gives expression to our own deep conviction when he sets in the first place, not the vast power of God as shown in the order of the universe, but His infinite compassion uttered in the summons to repentance. " Let the udched forsahe his way, ami the unrighteoiis man his thoughts, and let him return 'unto the Lord,, and He trill hare mercy upon him : and to our God for He will abundantly pardon." But I have digressed too long : and must return to our proper subject. Christ wins His peaceful victory through His servants. He works in them : and as they represent Him faith- fully, so He prevails : as they obscure His purpose and distort His Message, so He suffers defeat. The moral obligation of discipleship is summed up in this representation of Christ on earth. "He iJiat heareth you, heareth Me" — that is the authority under which we face our fellow-men : and that, Brethren, is the Q1 9 SEKMOX. rule by which we must examine our own behaviour. This, indeed, is the assumption of S. Paul's admonition to the Christians of Ephesus. Evidentl}' the Apostle is very deeply moved : he feels strongly on the matter of which he writes : so he adopts a pathetic manner of address. " /, therefore, the 'prisoner in the Lord, heseech yon to iralJi irorthihj of the calling 'tcJtereiritli ye icere called, tritJt all loirUnei^s and meekness, u-itU long- suffering, forhearing one another in love ; giving diligence to keep the unity of the Spirit in the bond of peace^ ■ The unity of Christ's disciples is essentially an inward unity, though it properly finds expression in external harmony. The " nnity of the Siiirit''' is the unity which springs from the presence within every Christian heart of the Spirit of Christ. " If any 'man hath not the Spirit of Christ, he is none of Tlis,^' — that is 8. Paul's consistent assumption in all his Epistles. He takes for granted that this is common ground between himself and his converts. A Christian is one who has the 8pirit of Christ within him, and l\y that Spirit he is led. The unity of the Spirit is in the bond of peace. Peace is the chain or band which maintains the unity of the Spirit. I suppose S. Paul means that if peace among Christians is destroj^ed so that they fall out of fellowship with one another, then the inward imity of the Spirit has no m.eans of making itself felt, and is thus, for all practical purposes, lost. We might be sure that even if Christ had not expressly ordained that His disciples should constitute a society, yet b}^ the law of their ]K)sition they must have become a society. The community of sentiment and aim implied in their common allegiance to the ''one Lord''' would have natui'ally drawn them together into the " one body.'^ Only in a society could they exert and receive the characteristic influence of discipleship : a merely individualist Christianity is a contradic- tion in terms. We English folk have become so accustomed to religious division, that many of us have almost forgotten its essential unnaturalness. We have parted company with SEKMON. the old patriotic feeling about the Christian Church, until it may be questioned whether many of us feel any personal interest in its general fortunes. Consider the anguish we feel at any disaster to our country : the joy which fills us at any national success, with the indifference we exhil)it at the failures and scandals of the Family of God. I douljt not that the cause is to be found in the long cessation of religious intercourse between Christians. What does the average Church- man know or care about the Church of Christ in Germany, or Sweden, or Russia, or Italy ? He hardly interests himself in the religious fortunes of his own kith and kin in America and Scotland and the other English-speaking lands. His Christian sympathy is locked up in the congregation where he worships, or, at most, in the denomination to which he is attached. He has no religious intercourse with other Christians, and there- fore he feels no spiritual relationship with them. Alike in Church and in State the condition of patriotism is community of life. " Men are not tied to one another Ijy papers and " seals," wrote Edmund Burke. " They are led to associate by '• resemblances, by conformities, b}^ sympathies. It is with " nations as with individuals. Nothing is so strong a tie of " amity between nation and nation as correspondence in laws, " customs, manners, and habits of life. They have more than " the force of treaties in themselves. They are obligations " written in the heart. They approximate men to men without " their knoAvledge, and sometimes against their intentions. The " secret, unseen, but irrefragable l)ond of habitual intercom-se " holds them together, even when their perverse and litigious " nature sets them to equivocate, scutfte and fight about the " terms of their Avritten obligations." * Our l)est security that the peace now declared between the English and Dutch in South Africa will ])e lasting consists in the necessity of habitual inter- course under which they will henceforth live. We know how * Vide Works, Vol. V., p. 317. 3U SERMON. potent and baleful was the eftect of the intense ignorance of the Boers as to ovir character and intentions. Ignorance is the parent of suspicion, and in an atmosphere of suspicion any calumny seems plausible, and no malicions fiction incredible. Mutual intercourse dispels ignorance, and makes friendship possible. Believe me, it is not otherwise in the sphere of religion. If only one could bring Christian folk together in worship and work,, there would emerge into view that fundamental agreement which is among Christians as the tie of blood between men — -a deep, mystic, indestructible principle of union. In the honcl of loeace we should discover the tmity of the Spirit. Thoughtful observers take notice of the resemblance between genuine Christians of the most opposite theological views. Sir James Stephen, for example, found a striking agreement between Philip Doddridge, the saintl}' Independent, and Ignatius Loyola, the famous founder of the Jesuits. Certain it is that the deepest and holiest thoughts about Religion, which Christian Literature enshrines, are common to all disciples. There is a sphere — the sj)liere of devotion — in which there is no distinction of creed or church perceptible. Our hymns and prayers unite us, for they are written in tlie mother tongue of our spiritual country ; it is only in our doctrine that we si3eak the local dialect of the denominations. AMlliam Law, the saintly nonjuring mystic, wrote on this matter words which are worth remembering : — " The greatest evil," he said, " which the Division of the " Church brings forth, is a Sectarian, selfish spirit that, with the " orthodoxy of the old Jews, would have God to be only their God, " and themselves only His chosen people. If therefore we Avould " be true Christians of the Catholic Churcli, we must put ofi' this " selfishness and partiality of the carnal Jews; we must enter into " a Catholic affection for all men, love the Spirit of the Gospel " wherever we see it — not work ourselves up into an abhorrence " of a George Fox or an Ignatius Loyola — but be equally glad of " the light of the Gospel wherever it shines, or from what quarter 315 SERMOX. ■" it comes ; and give the same thanks and praise to God for an " eminent example of piety wherever it appears, either in Papist " or Protestant."' * Tliis is, indeed, to "' Iceep the nnity of the Spirit in the bond of peace" My Brethren, while we rejoice in the restoration of political tranquility, can we avoid the snggestion that we should make some serious effort to restore the harmony of the Church of Christ? As English citizens we are lieginning to realize the potential worth of oiu' Empire; we can see what happy conse- quences may flow from the closer union of the scattered English dominions: the notion of an effective alliance with the great Republic of the West has laid liold of our imagination, and, on both sides of the Atlantic, men are dreaming dreams of a reign of universal peace, secured by the inviolable unity of the English- speaking peoples. With such great projects taking shape in our minds as we ponder the outlook of the national life, can Ave go on in contented acquiescence in the shattered luiity of English- speaking Christianity ? Think of the possibilities of blessing gathered up in the notion of an united English Church — a Church which has no other interest than that of the Divine Master^ whose name she bears — a Church, whose undivided energies are thrown into the age-long conflict with sin, whose spiritual wutness is no more enfeebled and ol)scured by the chronic scandal of domestic strife, Avliose heav^^nly origin is manifest in miceasing and ubicpiitous benevolenc(\ Look around on this strangely mingled society of ours — liow trouf^led it is, how puzzled, how fearful — and find in all its weakness and shame a pathetic and urgent appeal to the Church of Christ. Is it not heart-breaking that we cannot escape from the miserable entanglements of cpiarrels, so ancient that the' very causes are no more remembered, and only the bitterness sur- vives ? The Hand of God's Providence beckons the English race to ever greater destinies ; what is the one obstinate anxiety * Vide Works, Vol. VI.. p. 1S8. 316 I SERMON. that shadows our patriotism and strikes a fear into ns, lest with this supreme Vocation ringing in oiu- ears, with tliese vistas of glorious achievement opening before our e3'es, we also, like the fallen Empires of history, should fail to rise to our opportunities? Is it not the anxiety as to our character ; the fear as to our moral filjre ? Even in these days of patriotic exultation the irreclaimable ruffianism of this city has broken out in nnu'der — untraced, unpunished. ^Miile we push our frontiers further on the distant outskirts of an Empire already extended beyond all the precedents of history, we are nursing in our midst a monstrous evil, which, unless it can be staj'ed, will ruin everything. Think over these threatening mischiefs — vice stalking our streets with brazen effrontery, and making our city the l3y-word of Christendom ; drunkenness fostered, almost compelled, Ijy a thousand miserable circumstances ; one-fourth of our people JKibitually underfed, crushed, and crowded into miclean dens, where the atmosphere reeks with moral contagion : and then face the portentous, the almost incredible fact that the disciples of Jesus Christ, whom He solemnly charged to reform and rescue the world, are absorbed in their jealousies, wedded to their divisions, locked in conflict over their sectarian claims. Let the torture of this paradox sink into every heart and lie heavy on every conscience. Why cannot we surmount our prejudices and make a holocaust of our resentments, and, standing together in the Unify of tJie Sjiirit as one imdivided Army of God, make war on the national sins, and enal:)le " God's Englishmen " to carry out the splendid mission to wliich, by so many solemn and eloquent tokens. He is calling them ? ;n7 The Communicants' Guilds. Tlie montlily meeting of St. Margaret's Guild (for "Women) will be held on Tuesday evening, July loth, at 8 o'clock, in the Clmrch. Miss F. E. Jeftcock, 12, Petersham Terrace, Queen's Gate, S.W., the Secretary of the Guild, will be glad to receive notice of any change of address by the members. The Guild of Perseverance (for Lads under 18 years of age who have been confirmed) will meet at the Kectorj' at 8 o'clock on Friday evening, July nth. St. Paul's (Tuild (for 3Ien) will hukl their monthly meeting in the Eectory at 8 ]\m. on Thursday, July 3rd. There will also be a meeting of members on July 29th, at 8 p.m., in tlie Eectory. The Old Scholars' Gathering. This happy re-union of former x'^^pils of our Schools was held on Friday evening, May 30th, in the School buildings, New Tothill Street. Despite the downpour of heavy rain, a large number, having partaken of tea, assembled in the Gymnasium — converted for the occasion into a concert -room — for the St. Margaret's Musical Society was to give there its first public performance. This consisted of Sterndale Bennett's "May Queen," with the addition of patriotic music in honour of the approaching Coronation. The solos were admirably delivered by the Misses Clelland, and Messrs. A. Pinnington and Leo "Wilson. Consider- ing the short time the Society has been in existence, the choruses were very successfully given. This was mainly due, it need scarcely be said, to the patience, tact, and skill of the Honorary Conductor, the Kev. J. H. T. Perkins, and to the excellent accompanists, Mrs. Holden (piano), and Miss Standfast (harmonium). A more even balance of parts would have contributed much to the general effect, for at times the numerical inferiority of the tenors and basses was most apparent. "When the Society gives its next concert in the autumn we hope this inequality will not exist. The Hon. Sees, will gladly receive the names of gentlemen willing to help. The Rector moved a cordial vote of thanks to the Society, assured tlie Old Scholars that the Schools which had done so much for them in the past were, under their present teachers, doing equally good work now, and gave them news of Dean Farrar, whom he had recently visited. At the conclusion Mr. Fedarb mentioned that Sergeant-Major Easterbrook had safely returned from India, and George Tilley from South Africa ; that Mr. James Lee was returning to India, whence he would proceed to Queensland to join his brother and sister. Cecil Lidsey, whose distinguished conduct had obtained the praise of Lord Koberts, had, he regretted to say, been reported "missing" in September, and the news of his death had reached his pai-ents on his birthday in February. Thomas Chinnock, of the Imperial Yeomanry, had died of enteric fever at Heilbrou in July. Mr. E. Davies, after many narrow escapes, was safe at Pretoria ; and Ernest Parker, if a photo, might be trusted, was well and happy, and would l)e soon Ijack at Umtata. The best thanks of all are due for the excellent arrangements made by Mr. Scholes and Miss C^^exfield.— E. H. F. The King's Illness. Tliursday, June i26tli, wliioli sliould liave been Coronation Day, and for which every preparation had been made, was turned into a day of Special Intercession by the ilhiess of tlie King. Special services were held all over the country. The following report of our own service is reprinted from Thr' Tunes^oP June :27th : — St. Margaret's, Westminster, the official churcli of the House of Commons, has been tlie scene of many memorable services; but of none can it be said that it was more touching or more impressive in its simplicity than the Service of Intercession held yesterday for the King's recovery. The service was the official act of the Dean and Chapter of Westminster, who, excluded for the present from the Abbey church, thus took their part in the eomnion prayer of the Empire for the recovery from sudden and serious illness of the monarch at whose Coronation service in the adjoining building they were to have assisted. It was, too, eminently fitting that on the day appointed for the great solemnity of the Coronation when joyous expectation liad given place to great anxiety and a heavy cloud overshadowed the nation, members of both Houses of Parliament should unite in a service of supplication for His Majesty's recovery — a service of such deep solemnity as to move many of the worshippers to tears. The service was timed to begin at 12 o'clock, but the church doors were opened at 11, and very shortly after that hour the church was filled, the members of the congregation in order to enter it having to pass underneath and around the gaily decorated Coronation stands which surround it, and which, in the ordinary course of events, would at that moment have been occupied by joyous and expectant tln-ongs, but wliich by their emptiness seemed to add to the feeling of sorrow tliat pervaded all liearts. Thegeneralpublic were not admitted to the service, and the congregation consisted almost ent irely of members of Parliament and their wives and daugliters, fifficialsof tlie House of Commons, the families of the Dean and Chapter and their officials, and a few private friends. Special seats were reserved for the headmaster and scholars of West- minster School. There was no music during the period of waiting, and the striking silence which prevailed was broken only by soft footfalls as members of Parliament and otliers passed to the seats whicli had l)een reserved for them. The Lord Chancellor and the Speaker entered the church together, and were conducted to seats in tlie front pew. Near them were seated the Duke and Duchess of Devonshire, the Cliancellor of the Exchequer and Lady Lucy Hicks-Beach, Lord Cranbrook, Lord Cranborne, Mr. Walter Long and Lady Doreen Long, Sir Heniy Campbell-Bannerman, Lord and Lady Londonderry, Lord Cork, Lord Keay, and Lord Ridley. A'ery many members of Parliament, most of tliem accompanied by ladies, were among those present. Otliers present included Loi-d and Lady Rosmead, Sir Henry Graham, Clerk of the Parliaments, the Serjeant-at-Arms and the Deputy Serjeant. iit-Arms, the Hon. Sir Chandos Leigh, K.C., Counsel to the Speaker, and Sir A. Otway. The service liegaii punctually at 12 o'clock. Tlie conuregation rose as the choir of "Westminster AV)bey and the clergy entered the church, and remained standing iintil they liail passed to their stalls. Tlie otRciating clergy were the Dean of AVestminster, Canon Duckworth (the Sub-Dean), Archdeacon AVilberforce, Canon Armitage Robinson, Canon Henson (Rector of St. ^Largaret's), Bishop Welldon (Canon of "Westminster), the Rev. H. G. Daniell-Bainbridge (the Precentor), Minor Canon J. H. Cheadle, Minor Canon T. R. Hine-Haycock, Elinor Canon .T. U. T. Perkins, and the Rev. S. Kirslibaum (curate of St, Margaret's). Sir Frederick Bridge, the organist of "Westminster Abbey, was at the organ. The service, which was intoned by the Precentor, was as simple as it was impressive. With the excejition of the opening liymn — " O God of Jacob, by "Whose hand " — the music was entirely selected from the Coronation Service. Tallis"s setting of the Litany was used, and the responses were beautifully led by the choir, who had reheai-sed them on several occasions for the Abbey ceremony. At its conclusion the Precentor recited the first two prayers in the Order for the Visitation of the Sick, the words "this thy servant "' being altered in each to '" thy servant. Edward our King." Then followed Purcell's anthem, "Let my prayer come up." extracted from his five-part Latin Psalm, "Jehova, quam multi." The sliort and simple anthem, which was described in The Times of Tuesday, was sung with great eflect, and the beautiful music led up very fittingly to the few minutes of silent prayer wliich succeeded it, when the whole congregation devoutly knelt and prayed for the King's recovery. Before the blessing was pronounced by Dean Bradley, the congregation sang with great fervour the hymn " O God, oi;r help in ages past," and the choir gave an impressive rendering at the close of Orlando Gibbons's threefold "Amen," arranged from his anthem " Great King of Gods." Finally, after the Benediction, the congregation knelt and sang tlie first verse of the National Anthem. It was an appropriate ending to the impressive service. "When the last notes liad died away choir and clergy passed from their stalls to the vestry, and the congregation ciuietly and slowly dispersed, the service have lasted exactly three quarters of an hour. St. Margaret's Cottage Home. The Hon. Secretary of the Cottage Home, Miss M. B. Graham, will be at Dartmouth Hall at 12 noon on the Mondays in July to receive the names of those who wish to stay at the Home. It is important that intending visitors should make application as soon as possible, as tlie accommodation is only limited, and late applicants may have to l.^e refused.