AMERICAN EOUNDATION FOR THE BLIND 
 
 - (INCORPORATED) 
 
 FIRST MEETING OF INCORPORATORS 
 CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION 
 'EY-LAWS OF THE FOUNDATION 
 
American Foundation For The Blind 
 
 (INCORPORATED) 
 
American Foundation For The Blind 
 
 — • ‘ = (INCORPORATED) — 
 
 INTRODUCTORY NOTE 
 
 In addition to the data regarding the 
 American Foundation for the Blind, in this 
 reprint from Volume XV, N]o. 2, of the 
 Outlook for the Blind, the following para¬ 
 graph will serve to bring the history of the 
 Foundation down to its First Annual Meet¬ 
 ing, to be held toward the end of the pres¬ 
 ent month, June 28th, 1922, at the School 
 for the Blind, Austin, Texas. 
 
 The Trustees of the Foundation held 
 their first meeting for the purpose of or¬ 
 ganization in the offices of the New York 
 State Commission for the Blind, Hall of 
 Records, Chambers St., New York City, on 
 Monday, November 28th, 1921. The Trus¬ 
 tees present were: 
 
 Mr. J. Robert Atkinson, Los Angeles, Cal. 
 
 Mr. Olin H. Burritt, Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 Mr. Arthur E. Bostwick, St. Louis, Mo. 
 
 Mr. W. Howard Hamilton, Baltimore, Md. 
 
 Mr. Charles W. Lindsay, Montreal, Can. 
 
 Mr. Wm. Fellows Morgan. New York Citv 
 
 Mr. Herbert H. White, Hartford, Conn. 
 
 Mrs. Homer Gage, Worcester, Mass. 
 
 Miss Prudence Sherwin, Willoughby, 0. 
 constituting a majority of the Board. 
 
 Mr. Burritt was unanimously chosen 
 President of the Foundation, and accepted 
 the office on condition that he would be 
 relieved of duty as soon as the services 
 of some one else with more leisure than 
 himself to devote to the work could be se¬ 
 cured. Upon the return from Europe in 
 December of Mr. M. C. Migel, Mr. Burritt 
 
 took up with the Trustees the question of 
 his election as President of the Founda¬ 
 tion; and, accordingly, at a meeting of the 
 Executive Committee of the Foundation. 
 January 23rd, 1922, resigned the Presi¬ 
 dency to take effect May 15th, 1922, and 
 Mr. Migel was unanimously chosen in his 
 stead as preeminently qualified to take over 
 the work of the organization. 
 
 At the meeting of the Trustees, Novem¬ 
 ber 28th, 1921, Mr. W. Howard Hamilton, 
 Baltimore, Md. was unanimously chosen 
 Secretary, Mr. Herbert H. White, Hart¬ 
 ford, Conn.. Treasurer, and Mr. Randall J. 
 Ccndon, Cincinnati, Ohio, Vice-President. 
 
 Mr. Lewis A. Carris, Washington, D. C., 
 was elected Director-General of the Found¬ 
 ation subject to his release by the National 
 Committee for the Prevention of Blindness. 
 He was unable, however, to secure his re¬ 
 lease, and at a meeting of the Executive 
 Committee of the Foundation, November 
 29th, 1921, Mr. H. Randolph Latimer, of 
 Pittsburgh, Pa., was unanimously elected 
 Director-General with the understanding 
 that he desired to act in this capacity only 
 until the proper person should be found to 
 give his entire time to the work. It is 
 confidently hoped that the services of such 
 a person will be definitely secured by Oct¬ 
 ober next. 
 
 The chief efforts of the Director-General 
 and the Trustees of the Foundation have 
 been toward the raising of funds with 
 which to get the work of the Foundation 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
under way, and to this end much thought meeting of the Executive Committee, June 
 has been given to the question of a proper 1st, 1922, the following form was duly au- 
 subscription or membership blank. At a thorized as likely to meet all requirements: 
 
 American Foundation for the Blind, 
 
 Mr. Herbert H. White, Treasurer, 
 
 Conn. Mutual Life Insurance Co., Hartford, Conn. 
 
 Please find enclosed check for $. , as a donation, or in payment 
 
 of my membership dues for the current year. 
 
 (Affix (X) to indicate membership preferred.) 
 
 () 
 ( ) 
 ( ) 
 ( ) 
 () 
 ( ) 
 () 
 ( ) 
 
 Donation . $. 
 
 Sustaining member. $5.00 to $25.00 per annum 
 
 Corporate member. $5.00 to $25.00 per annum 
 
 Contributing member. $25.00 to $100.00 per annum 
 
 Patron of the Foundation... $100.00 or more per annum 
 
 Life member . $1,000.00 or more 
 
 Member in Perpetuity . $10,000.00 or more 
 
 All individuals actively engaged or officially connected 
 with organizations in work for the Blind may become 
 members upon the payment of $2.00 per annum. 
 
 Name- 
 
 Address . 
 
 Number Street City State 
 
 Checks to be drawn to the order of the Treasurer. 
 
 Your subscription or donation 
 all State and Federal Tax Reports. 
 
 The actual amount of money raised by 
 the Foundation to date (June 15th, 1922) 
 is $11,111.05, and the total number of mem¬ 
 bers actually enrobed is 206, almost all of 
 whom we are proud to say, are persons en¬ 
 gaged in work for the blind, though the 
 ultimate success of the Foundation de¬ 
 pends upon an absolute and overwhelming 
 reversal of this situation. Apart from the 
 solicitation for funds and members, the out¬ 
 standing accomplishment of the Foundation 
 to date is the guarantee which it has given 
 that the valuable services rendered to the 
 profession by the Outlook for the Blind 
 shall be continued, an appropriation of 
 $500.00 having already been authorized to 
 take care of the situation for the present 
 year. 
 
 The Foundation has also taken over, in 
 accordance with the provision made in its 
 By-Laws, the financing of the Commission 
 on Uniform Type for the Blind, which pro¬ 
 vides permanently for the necessary ex¬ 
 pert council and advice in connection with 
 
 may be deducted as a Contribution from 
 
 embossing of books, etc., for the blind of 
 America. 
 
 The present officers, executive committee 
 and trustees of the Foundation June 15th, 
 1922, are as follows: 
 
 Mr. M. C. Migel, New York City, President 
 Mr. Randall J. Condon, Cincinnati, Ohio, 
 Vice-President 
 
 Mr. W. Howard Hamilton, Baltimore, Md., 
 Secretary 
 
 Mr. Herbert H. White, Hartford, Conn., 
 Treasurer 
 
 Mr. H. Randolph Latimer, Director General 
 
 EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 
 M. C. Migel, New York City 
 Olin H. Burritt, Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 W. Howard Hamilton, Baltimore, Md. 
 
 Miss Prudence Sherwin, Willoughby, Ohio 
 Herbert H. White, Hartford, Conn. 
 
 BOARD OF TRUSTEES 
 J. Robert Atkinson, Los Angeles, Cal. 
 Arthur E. Bostwick, St. Louis, Mo. 
 
 Olin H. Burritt, Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 Randall J. Condon, Cincinnati, Ohio 
 
 4 
 
Mrs. Homer Gage, Worcester, Mass. 
 W. Howard Hamilton, Baltimore, Md. 
 Charles W. Lindsay, Montreal, Canada 
 M. C. MigeJ, New York, N. Y. 
 
 Wm Fellows Morgan, New York, N. Y 
 Miss Prudence Sherwin, Willoughby, Ohio 
 Felix Warburg, New York. N. Y. 
 
 Herbert H. White. Hartford, Conn. 
 
 
 AMERICAN FOUNDATION FOR THE BLIND, INC. 
 
 Editor’s Note: At the Ninth Biennal Convention 
 of the American Association of Workers for the 
 Blind, at Vinton, Iowa, June 28th, 1921, the follow¬ 
 ing enabling resolution, authorizing the cireation of 
 the American Foundation, was adopted without a 
 dissenting voice. 
 
 RESOLUTION 
 
 To Provide for the Incorporation of the 
 
 American Foundation for the Blind, 
 for the Enactment of Its By- 
 Laws, and for the Election 
 of Its First Board 
 of Trustees. 
 
 Whereas, It is the sense of the American 
 Association of Workers for the Blind, in 
 convention assembled, that every interest 
 of the blind and of the partially blind of 
 America could be greatly subserved through 
 the instrumentality of a properly consti¬ 
 tuted organization to co-operate with all 
 existing agencies in work for the blind and 
 the partially blind, and to do such other 
 things as are not, or cannot be, done by 
 the existing agencies; 
 
 Whereas, Such an organization should 
 be representative in character, and its board 
 of trustees should represent the various 
 phases of work for the blind, and should 
 include persons of influence interested, but 
 not actually engaged, in work for the blind; 
 
 Whereas, The Executive Committee of 
 this Association have given much serious 
 thought to the question of a proper Consti¬ 
 tution for such an organization; 
 
 Whereas, A Committee on Foundation, 
 appointed by the President of this Asso¬ 
 ciation for the specific purpose, have made 
 
 public their findings, for the benefit and 
 information of the members of this Asso¬ 
 ciation, concerning a draft of what they 
 consider suitable Articles of Incorporation, 
 and By-Laws for such an organization, and 
 which draft has been carefully revised by 
 the regularly appointed Committee of the 
 Association. 
 
 Be it Resolved : 
 
 1. That this Association does hereby au¬ 
 thorize Messrs. H. R. Latimer, Waldo New¬ 
 comer, and Chas. F. F. Campbell to act as 
 its Committee on Incorporation, and to in¬ 
 corporate in accordance with the Articles 
 of Incorporation hereinafter set forth; 
 
 2. That said Committee on Incorpora¬ 
 tion, in accepting the duty thus imposed 
 upon them, agree, having accomplished the 
 act of incorporation, to proceed immediate¬ 
 ly to the adoption of the By-Laws herein¬ 
 after set forth: 
 
 3. That said Committee on Incorpora¬ 
 tion. having accomplished the incorporation 
 and enacted the By-Laws, agree to proceed 
 immediately to elect the fifteen trustees 
 hereinafter named as the First Board of 
 Trustees of the organization; 
 
 4. That, having done all these several 
 things in accordance with the will of the 
 Association and in perfect good faith, said 
 Committee on Incorporation shall turn over 
 to the First Board of Trustees of the or¬ 
 ganization all minutes, and papers in any 
 way relating to the organization, and shall 
 itself thereupon cease to exist. 
 
 
 AMERICAN FOUNDATION FOR THE BLIND, INC. 
 FIRST MEETING OF INCORPORATORS 
 
 Editor’s Note: Owing to the inability of Mr. 
 Waldo Newcomer, the President of the Board of 
 Trustees of the Maryland School for the Blind, to 
 serve as one of the three incorpoirators named in 
 the above resolution, the President of the Associa¬ 
 tion, Mr. II. Randolph Latimer, secured the serv¬ 
 
 ices of Mr. James H. Preston, ex-Mayor of Balti¬ 
 more, to act in Mr. Newcomer’s place. 
 
 Owing to the fact that the corporate law of the 
 State of Delaware requires an annual election of 
 directors, whereas the original draft of the Certifi¬ 
 cate of Incorporation of the American Foundation 
 
 5 
 
provided for a biennial election of directors, it be¬ 
 came necessary for the Committee on Incorporation 
 to redraft both the Certificate of Incorporation and 
 the By-Laws; which the Committee did without 
 altering the spirit of the instrument. 
 
 The following are the minutes of the 
 first meeting of the Incorporators, held the 
 twenty-third of September, 1921, at Wil¬ 
 mington, Del.: 
 
 Pursuant to written call and waiver of 
 notice the first meeting of the incorpora¬ 
 tors of the American Foundation for the 
 Blind, Inc., was held at 10:15 o’clock, A 
 M., (Standard Time) on the twenty-third 
 day of September, 1921, at the office of 
 the Corporation Service Company, Wil¬ 
 mington, Delaware. 
 
 The following were present by proxy: 
 
 Name Proxy 
 
 H. Randolph Latimer C. T. Cohee 
 
 Chas. F. F. Campbell C. B. Outten 
 James H. Preston S. L. Mackey 
 
 being all of the parties named in the Cer¬ 
 tificate of Incorporation or Charter of the 
 Foundation. 
 
 C. T. Cohee was chosen chairman of the 
 meeting and C. B. Outten was appointed 
 secretary of the meeting. 
 
 The proxies were presented to the meet¬ 
 ing and ordered filed among the Founda¬ 
 tion’s records. 
 
 The chairman then presented the Waiver 
 of Notice of the first meeting signed by all 
 of the parties named in the Certificate of 
 Incorporation, which notice was read, and 
 on motion duly made, seconded and carried 
 was ordered to be entered in full in the 
 minutes of the meeting, said notice being 
 as follows: 
 
 WAIVER OF NOTICE 
 
 FIRST MEETING OF INCORPORATORS OF AMERICAN FOUNDATION 
 
 FOR THE BLIND, INC. 
 
 We, the undersigned, being all cf the 
 parties named in the Certificate of Incorp¬ 
 oration of American Foundation for the 
 Blind, Incorporated, incorporated under the 
 laws of the State of Delaware and having 
 its principal office in the State of Dela¬ 
 ware with the Corporation Service Com¬ 
 pany at Wilmington, Delaware, do hereby 
 waive notice of the time, place and purpose 
 of the first meeting of said Corporation, 
 and do fix the twenty-third day of Septem¬ 
 ber, 1921, at 10:15 o’clock in the forenoon 
 as the time and the office of the Corpora¬ 
 tion Service Company in the City of Wil¬ 
 mington, State of Delaware, as the place 
 of said first meeting of the Corporation. 
 
 Ayid we do hereby waive all the require¬ 
 ments of the statutes of Delaware as to the 
 notice of this meeting and the publication 
 and service thereof and we do consent to 
 the transaction of such business as may 
 come before said meeting. 
 
 Dated the twenty-second day of Septem¬ 
 ber, 1921. (Signed), 
 
 H. Randolph Latimer, [Seal] 
 
 Chas. F. F. Campbell, [Sea/.] 
 
 James H. Preston, [Seal:] 
 
 The chairman then presented the Founda¬ 
 tion’s Certificate of Incorporation or Char¬ 
 ter which had been filed in the office of the 
 Secretary of State of Delware and recorded 
 in the office of the Recorder of Deeds of 
 New Castle County, Delaware. 
 
 The Certificate of Incorporation or Char¬ 
 ter was then fully read to the meeting and 
 on motion duly made, seconded and un¬ 
 animously carried was accepted as the Cer¬ 
 tificate of Incorporation or Charter of the 
 Foundation. 
 
 On motion duly made, seconded and car¬ 
 ried, a copy of the Certificate of Incorp¬ 
 oration or Charter of the Foundation was 
 ordered spread in full upon the Founda¬ 
 tion’s records and is as follows: 
 
 CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION OF AMERICAN FOUNDATION 
 
 FOR THE BLIND, INC. 
 
 I. II. 
 
 The name of the Corporation is: Ameri- The principal office and place of business 
 can Foundation for the Blind, Inc. in the State of Delaware will be located in 
 
 6 
 
the City of Wilmington, County of New 
 Castle. The agent in charge thereof will 
 be the Corporation Service Company, No. 
 602 Equitable Building, 901 Market Street. 
 
 III. 
 
 The nature of the business and the ob¬ 
 jects and purposes to be transacted, pro¬ 
 moted and carried on are to do any or all 
 of the things herein mentioned as fully and 
 to the same extent as natural persons 
 might or could do and in any part of the 
 world, to-wit: 
 
 (a.) To co-operate with existing agen¬ 
 cies or such agencies as may hereafter be 
 established in promoting all and every in¬ 
 terest of the blind and the partially blind 
 in America and to initiate movements for 
 such purpose. 
 
 ( b .) To endeavor to secure local, state, 
 and federal legislation for the welfare of 
 the blind and the partially blind. 
 
 (c.) To establish and maintain, with the 
 necessary personnel and equipment, such 
 bureaus and departments as may be re¬ 
 quired for its work. 
 
 ( d .) To collect and receive donations for 
 the general purposes of the Corporation 
 and in any amount subject only to the 
 limitations now or hereafter to be estab- 
 Hzjhed by the law of the State of Delaware, 
 and to accept donations on conditions desig¬ 
 nated by the donor and approved by the 
 Corporation. 
 
 (e.) To hold, buy, sell, lease, mortgage, 
 convey, develop, improve and deal in real 
 estate within or without the State of Dela¬ 
 ware and wherever situated; to own, buy, 
 construct, improve, lease, remodel or re¬ 
 construct any buildings within or without 
 the State of Delaware, and in particular, 
 to buy, sell, construct, reconstruct, lease, 
 remodel and improve any buildings within 
 or without the State of Delaware for the 
 purpose of carrying out or promoting any 
 of the objects of the Corporation. 
 
 (/.) To have offices, conduct its busi¬ 
 ness and perform its objects within and 
 without the State of Delaware, in other 
 States, the District of Columbia, the terri¬ 
 tories and colonies of the United States 
 and in foreign countries without restric¬ 
 tions as to place or amount. 
 
 (g.) To do any or all of the things here¬ 
 
 in set forth to the same extent as natural 
 persons might or could do and in any part 
 of the world, as principals, agents, con¬ 
 tractors, trustees or otherwise, and either 
 alone or in company with others. 
 
 In General to do any and all things inci¬ 
 dent to the objects and purposes aforesaid, 
 said Corporation being formed upon the ar¬ 
 ticles, conditions and provisions herein ex¬ 
 pressed and subject in all particulars to the 
 limitations relating to corporations con¬ 
 tained in the general laws of the State of 
 Delaware. 
 
 IV. 
 
 The Corporation shall have no authorized 
 capital stock whatever, it being in no sense 
 organized as a corporation for profit, but 
 for scientific, educational and philanthropic 
 purposes, with the special purpose of aid¬ 
 ing the blind and the partially blind of 
 America and co-operating with any cor¬ 
 poration, association, institution or indi¬ 
 vidual engaged in improving the condition 
 of the blind and the partially blind. 
 
 V. 
 
 The names and places of residence of 
 each of the original incorporators (there 
 being no capital stock) are as follows: 
 
 Name—Residence 
 
 H. Randolph Latimer, The Guilford 
 Apartments, S.W. Corner Guilford and 
 North Avenues, Baltimore, Md. 
 
 James H. Preston, 920 North Charles 
 Street, Baltimore, Md. 
 
 Charles F. F. Campbell, Cold Spring 
 Road, Gui'ford, Baltimore, Md. 
 
 VI. 
 
 The existence of this Corporation is to 
 be perpetual. 
 
 VII. 
 
 The private property of the Trustees, 
 Officials or Members shall not be subject 
 to the payment of corporate debts to any 
 extent whatsoever. 
 
 VIII. 
 
 The Corporation shall be governed by a 
 Board of fifteen Directors who shall be 
 known as Trustees, and who shall be nomi¬ 
 nated and chosen as provided in the By- 
 Laws, provided, however, that the first 
 board be chosen by the incorporators. Said 
 trustees shall be divided into two classes, 
 
 l 
 
the first class consisting of seven trustees, 
 and the second class consisting of eight 
 trustees. 
 
 The trustees of the first class shall he 
 elected and shall hold office until the an¬ 
 nual meeting in the month of June, 1922, 
 and the trustees of the second class until 
 the annual meeting in the month of June, 
 1923, and at each annual election the suc¬ 
 cessors to the class of trustees whose term 
 Shall expire in that year shall he elected 
 to hold office for the term of two years, 
 so that the term of office of one class of 
 trustees shall expire each year. 
 
 Upon application to the trustees, any 
 person contributing the sum of twenty- 
 five dollars ($25.00) or more annually to 
 the Foundation, and any persons included 
 in any of the following officially recog¬ 
 nized groups of workers for the blind and 
 the partially blind in North America and 
 the territories and dependencies of the 
 United States shall be entitled to member¬ 
 ship in the Foundation, to-wit: 
 
 (1.) Members of Boards of Trustees, 
 and superintendents, principals and teach¬ 
 ers of residential schools for the blind and 
 the partially blind. 
 
 (2.) Supervisors and teachers of classes 
 for the blind and the partially blind in 
 schools for the seeing. 
 
 (3.) Librarians and others officially en¬ 
 gaged in libraries for the blind and de¬ 
 partments for the blind in libraries for the 
 seeing. 
 
 (4.) Technical heads of embossing plants 
 and departments, and the Secretary of the 
 Commission on Uniform Type for the Blind. 
 
 (5.) Officers and agents of organiza¬ 
 tions engaged in work for prevention of 
 blindness or conservation of vision. 
 
 (T) Members and executive officers of 
 State Commissions and members of Boards 
 of Directors and executive officers of asso¬ 
 ciations doing state-wide work for the 
 blind, and state and federal officials ad¬ 
 ministering laws providing for the train¬ 
 ing, education and placement of the blind. 
 
 (7.) Members of Boards of Directors 
 and superintendents of workshops and in¬ 
 dustrial homes for the blind. 
 
 (8.) Members of Boards of Directors 
 and executive officers of associations and 
 
 clubs doing city-wide or special work for 
 the blind. 
 
 (9.) Placement agents, field officers, 
 heads of departments, home teachers and 
 social workers who are in the employ of 
 recognized organizations for the blind. 
 
 (10.) Heads of institutions and agen¬ 
 cies doing charitable work for the blind and 
 the partially blind, including agents for 
 dispensing special relief. 
 
 Every member shall at any annual or 
 special meeting of the Corporation be en¬ 
 titled to one vote, either in person or by 
 proxy, for the election of trustees or upon 
 any other matter which may come before 
 the meeting. 
 
 The trustees shall have power to make 
 and to alter or amend the By-Laws and to 
 authorize and cause to be executed bonds, 
 notes and other evidences of indebtedness 
 without limit and to authorize and to cause 
 to be executed mortgages, deeds of trust 
 and other liens, without limit, upon the 
 property, personal and or real, and other 
 assets of the Corporation. 
 
 The By-Laws may designate an Execu¬ 
 tive Committee who, to the extent provided 
 in the By-Laws of said Corporation, shall 
 have and exercise the powers of the Board 
 of Trustees in the management of the busi¬ 
 ness and affairs of the Corporation. 
 
 The members and trustees shall have 
 power to hold their meetings and keep the 
 bocks, documents, papers, records and 
 equipment of the Corporation outside the 
 State of Delaware, at such places as may 
 be from time to time designated by the 
 By-Laws or by resolutions of the trustees 
 cr members. 
 
 The Corporation reserves the right to 
 amend, alter, change or repeal any pro¬ 
 vision contained in this Certificate of In¬ 
 corporation in the manner now or hereafter 
 prescribed by the Statutes of the State of 
 Delaware and all rights and powers con¬ 
 ferred on its officers, trustees and mem¬ 
 bers herein are granted subject to this 
 reservation. 
 
 It is the intention that the objects, pur¬ 
 poses and powers specified in the third 
 paragraph hereof shall, except where other¬ 
 wise specified in said paragraph, be nowise 
 limited or restricted by reference to or 
 
inference from terms of any other clause or 
 paragraph in this Certificate of Incorpora¬ 
 tion, but that the objects, purposes and 
 powers specified in the third paragraph, 
 and in each of the clauses or paragraphs 
 of this Charter shall be regarded as inde¬ 
 pendent objects, purposes and powers. 
 
 We. the undersigned, being each of the 
 original incorporators, for the purpose of 
 forming a corporation, and in pursuance 
 of an Act of the Legislature of the State 
 of Delaware, entitled, “an act providing a 
 GENERAL CORPORATION LAW” (approved 
 March 10th, 1899), and the Acts amenda¬ 
 tory thereof and supplemental thereto, do 
 make and file this Certificate and declare 
 that the facts herein stated are true, and 
 we have hereunto set our respective hands 
 and seals this twenty-first day of July, 
 A. D., 1921. (Signed) 
 
 H. Randolph Latimer, [Seal.] 
 
 Chas. F. F. Campbell, [Seal.] 
 
 James H. Preston, [Seal.] 
 
 Witness : 
 
 J. Leroy Hopkins. 
 
 State of Maryland / . 
 
 City cf Baltimore j 0_wl 
 
 Be It Remembered, That on this twenty- 
 first day of July, 1921, personally appeared 
 before me, the subscriber, a notary public 
 of the State and city aforesaid, H. Ran¬ 
 dolph Latimer, James H. Preston and 
 Charles F. F. Campbell, parties to the 
 aforegoing Certificate of Incorporation, 
 known to me personally to be such, and I, 
 having first made known to them and each 
 of them the contents of said Certificate, 
 they did each severally acknowledge that 
 they signed, sealed and delivered the same 
 as their several, voluntary act and deed 
 and that the facts therein stated were truly 
 set forth. 
 
 Given under my hand and seal of office 
 the day and year aforesaid. 
 
 J. Leroy Hopkins, 
 Notary Public. 
 
 A set of proposed By-Laws for the man¬ 
 agement of the Foundation was then pre¬ 
 sented to the meeting. On motion duly 
 made, seconded and carried the meeting 
 proceeded to consider the By-Laws, article 
 by article, after which, on motion duly made 
 and seconded each of the Articles of the 
 
 By-Laws was adopted and the By-Laws as 
 a whole were adopted as the By-Laws of 
 the Foundation, the same being of record 
 on Page 13, etc., of this minute book. 
 
 On-motion duly made, seconded and car¬ 
 ried, it was 
 
 Resolved, That until further action of 
 the Board of Directors, the Corporation 
 Service Company be and it is hereby ap¬ 
 pointed the representative of this Founda¬ 
 tion in the State of Delaware, to maintain 
 an office of the Foundation in said State, 
 to have an agent in charge thereof, to ex¬ 
 hibit this Foundation’s sign on said office 
 as required by law, and to keep in said 
 office such lists and copies of records as the 
 Statutes of the State of Delaware may re¬ 
 quire to be kept in said State; and the 
 secretary was ordered to send a copy of 
 the foregoing resolution to be certified by 
 him to said Corporation Service Company. 
 
 The Chairman then announced that it 
 would be in order to proceed to the election 
 of a Board of fifteen (15) Directors of 
 the Foundation to be known as Trustees 
 and to hold office as provided by the 
 Foundation’s By-Laws. 
 
 The chairman further announced that the 
 Foundation’s Charter and By-Laws pro¬ 
 vided for two classes of Trustees represent¬ 
 ing various phases of work for the blind, 
 and of others interested in this work; the 
 first class to consist of seven trustees to 
 hold office until the meeting in the month 
 of June, 1922. and the second class to con¬ 
 sist of eight trustees to hold office until 
 the meeting in the month of June, 1923. 
 
 The following persons were then duly 
 nominated as trustees of the first class, to 
 hold office until the meeting of members 
 in June. 1922, to-wit: 
 
 Olin H. Burritt, Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 Randall J. Condon, Cincinnati, Ohio 
 
 Arthur E. Bostwick, St. Louis, Mo. 
 
 J. Robert Atkinson, Los Angeles, Calif. 
 
 William Fellows Morgan, New York City. 
 
 Felix Warburg, New York City. 
 
 Mrs. Emmons Blaine. Chicago, Ill. 
 
 And the following persons were then 
 duly nominated as trustees of the second 
 class, to hold office until the meeting of 
 members in June, 1923, to-wit: 
 
 M. C. Migel, New York City. 
 
 9 
 
Miss Prudence Sherwin, Willoughby, O. 
 
 Herbert H. White, Hartford, Conn. 
 
 Mrs. Mabel Knowles Gage, Worcester, 
 Mass. 
 
 James C. Jones, St. Louis, Mo. 
 
 Charles W. Lindsay, Montreal, Canada. 
 
 W Howard Hamilton, Baltimore, Md. 
 
 George W. Brown, Boston, Mass. 
 
 Ballots were then prepared and cast, and 
 the following persons were duly and un¬ 
 animously elected Trustees of the Founda¬ 
 tion, to-wit: 
 
 Of the First Class —Olin H. Burritt, 
 Randall J. Condon, Arthur E. Bostwick, 
 J. Robt. Atkinson, William Fellows Mor¬ 
 gan, Felix Warburg, Mrs. Emmons Blaine. 
 
 Of the Second Class —M. C. Migel, Miss 
 Prudence Sherwin, Herbert H. White, Mrs. 
 Mabel Knowles Gage, James C. Jones, 
 Charles W. Lindsay, W. Howard Hamilton, 
 George W. Brown. 
 
 The chairman thereupon announced that 
 the above mentioned persons had been duly 
 elected Trustees of the Foundation of the 
 class and for the term for which they had 
 been nominated. 
 
 The meeting then authorized H. Randolph 
 Latimer to notify the trustees of their 
 election and to call an organization meet¬ 
 ing cf trustees at such time and place as 
 may suit the convenience of a majority of 
 the trustees. 
 
 There being no further business before 
 the meeting, the same, on motion duly 
 made and seconded thereupon adjourned. 
 
 (Signed) C. B. Outten, 
 Secretary of the Meeting. 
 
 BY-LAWS 
 
 OF 
 
 American Foundation for 
 the Blind, Inc. 
 
 ARTICLE I. 
 
 Name 
 
 The title of this Corporation is: Ameri¬ 
 can Foundation for the Blind, Inc. 
 
 ARTICLE II. 
 
 DELAWARE OFFICE 
 
 The principal office of this Corporation 
 in the State of Delaware shall be in the 
 
 City of Wilmington, and it shall be there 
 represented by the Corporation Service 
 Company. 
 
 ARTICLE III. 
 
 SEAL 
 
 The corporate seal of the Foundation 
 shall have inscribed thereon the full name 
 cf the Corporation, and the month and 
 year of its incorporation. 
 
 ARTICLE IV. 
 
 MEETINGS OF MEMBERS 
 (a.) The members of the Foundation 
 shall hold an annual meeting in the month 
 of June in each and every year, preferably 
 in connection with the biennial conventions 
 of the American Association of Workers 
 for the Blind and the American Association 
 of Instructors of the Blind, which organi¬ 
 zations hold their biennial conventions in 
 alternate years. All such annual meetings 
 shall be held at such place and time as 
 shall be designated in the notice thereof, 
 which shall be mailed to each member of 
 the Foundation by the secretary, at least 
 thirty days prior to such annual meeting. 
 Upon the request of ten trustees, the an¬ 
 nual meeting may be held in some place 
 other than that in which the biennial con¬ 
 vention of the American Association of In¬ 
 structors of the Blind or the American As¬ 
 sociation of Workers for the Blind is being 
 held. 
 
 At the election of trustees and in con¬ 
 sidering any other matter or question at 
 the annual cr any special meeting of mem¬ 
 bers, a reasonable time shall be given the 
 members present, to vote thereon. 
 
 Twenty-five members of the Foundation 
 shall constitute a quorum for the election 
 cf trustees or for the transaction of any 
 other business at the annual or any special 
 meeting of the Foundation. 
 
 ( b .) Every member of the Foundation 
 shall, at any annual or special meeting of 
 the Corporation be entitled to one vote for 
 the election of trustees or in voting on any 
 other question and said vote may be either 
 in person or by proxy. 
 
 (c.) Special meetings of the members 
 may be held anywhere in the United States 
 at such place and time as shall be selected 
 by at least eight trustees. Notice of any 
 such special meeting shall be mailed by the 
 
 10 
 
SUPPLEMENT SHEET 
 
 Article V of the By-Laws of the American Foundation for the Blind 
 
 revised, November 22nd, 1922* 
 
 (a) The property and business of the 
 Foundation shall be managed by a Board 
 of twenty-five Directors who shall be known 
 as Trustees, representing- various phases of 
 work for the blind, and of those interested 
 in such work and all of such trustees shall 
 be elected annually. 
 
 Ten of the twenty-five trustees shall be 
 chosen annually to represent the following 
 ten groups of workers for the blind re¬ 
 spectively: 
 
 (1) Members of Boards of Trustees, 
 and superintendents, principals and teach¬ 
 ers of residential schools for the blind 
 and the partially blind. 
 
 (2) Supervisors and teachers of classes 
 for the blind and the partially blind in 
 schools for the seeing. 
 
 (3) Librarians and others officially 
 engaged in libraries for the blind and de¬ 
 partments for the blind in libraries for 
 the seeing. 
 
 (4) Technical heads of embossing 
 plants and departments, and the Secre¬ 
 tary of the Commission on Uniform Type 
 for the Blind. 
 
 (5) Officers and agents or organiza¬ 
 tions engaged in work for prevention of 
 blindness or conservation of vision. 
 
 (6) Members and executive officers of 
 State Commissions and members of 
 Boards of Directors and executive officers 
 of associations doing state-wide work for 
 the blind, and state and federal officials 
 administering laws providing for the 
 training, education and placement of the 
 blind. 
 
 (7) Members of Boards of Directors 
 and superintendents of workshops and in¬ 
 dustrial homes for the blind. 
 
 (8) Members of Boards of Directors 
 and executive officers of associations and 
 clubs doing city-wide or special work for 
 the blind. 
 
 (9) Placement agents, field officers, 
 heads of departments, home teachers and 
 
 social workers who are in the employ of 
 recognized organizations for the blind. 
 
 (10) Heads of institutions and agen¬ 
 cies doing charitable work for the blind 
 and the partially blind, including agents 
 for dispensing special relief. 
 
 The remaining fifteen trustees shall be 
 chosen from among persons of influence by 
 the Executive Committee of the Founda¬ 
 tion. The Director-General of the Founda¬ 
 tion shall ascertain, by mail or otherwise 
 at least thirty days’ in advance of each an¬ 
 nual meeting, the wishes of the individuals 
 of the respective groups of workers for the 
 above named regarding the person by whom 
 they desire to be represented on the Board 
 of Trustees of the Inundation and that in 
 each case the annual meeting elect one of 
 the three persons bearing highest number 
 of votes, provided such number shall exceed 
 six votes. 
 
 In the event of the inability of the Di¬ 
 rector-General to secure as many as six 
 votes for one or more persons to represent 
 any one or more of the above named groups 
 of workers for the blind on the Board of 
 Trustees, such nominations shall be made 
 by a majority vote of the members of the 
 Foundation present in person or voting by 
 proxy at the annual meeting of the Founda¬ 
 tion then in session. 
 
 The Board of Trustees shall determine 
 to which of the ten respective groups of 
 workers for the blind and the partially 
 blind above referred to, any member may 
 belong and no member shall be included 
 in more than one group. 
 
 (b) If the office of any trustee shall 
 become vacant by reason of death, resigna¬ 
 tion or otherwise, the remaining trustees, 
 though less than a quorum, may elect a 
 successor or successors, who shall hold of¬ 
 fice for the unexpired term. 
 
 (c) Regular meetings of the Board of 
 Trustees of the Foundation shall be held 
 in the month of October in each year on 
 thirty days’ written notice at such place, 
 
either within or without the State of Dela¬ 
 ware, and at such time as the President 
 shall designate and at such meeting's shall 
 elect officers for the ensuing year. 
 
 (d) Notice of all special meetings of 
 trustees shall be mailed by the Secretary 
 or other duly authorized officer to each 
 trustee at least fifteen days’ prior to any 
 such special meeting and the notice of 
 special meetings shall briefly state the ob¬ 
 jects and purposes of said meeting, and 
 no other business shall be transacted at 
 such meeting. 
 
 (e) At any meeting of the Board of 
 Trustees eight shall constitute a quorum 
 for the transaction of any business coming 
 before the meeting. 
 
 (f) The Board of Trustees shall have 
 power to elect all necessary officers and 
 committees, employ agents, and assistants, 
 and require any officer or agent to give 
 bond for the faithful discharge of his 
 duties, to fix the compensation of any such 
 agents and assistants and to prescribe their 
 duties, to dismiss any employee and gen¬ 
 erally to exercise full control over all the 
 affairs of the Foundation, and the Trustees 
 shall serve without compensation. 
 
 Any trustee may be removed from office 
 and thereupon cease to be a member of 
 
 the Board of Trustees upon the three- 
 fourths vote of the trustees present and 
 voting at any meeting. 
 
 (g) The Board of Trustees may delegate 
 to any committee such powers as to the 
 Trustees may seem wise and the Board of 
 Trustees in addition to the powers and 
 authority expressly conferred upon them 
 by the Certificate of Incorporation and by 
 these By-Laws may exercise all such powers 
 and do all such things as may be exercised 
 or done by the Corporation, subject, never¬ 
 theless, to the provisions of the law, the 
 Certificate of Incorporation and these By- 
 Laws. 
 
 (h) The Board of Trustees shall have 
 full and exclusive control over the invest¬ 
 ment of all funds for the Foundation and 
 shall be the exclusive authority for making 
 appropriations, gifts or donations to any 
 institution, corporation, association or in¬ 
 dividual for the purpose of aiding and pro¬ 
 moting the interests of the blind and the 
 partially blind and no appropriations, gifts 
 or donations or expenditures shall be made 
 except with this object in view. 
 
 (i) The order of business at meetings 
 of the Board of Trustees shall be as estab¬ 
 lished by the Board. 
 
secretary to each member of the Founda¬ 
 tion at least thirty days prior to any such 
 special meeting and such notice shall state 
 the place and time of such meeting and 
 shall briefly state the objects proposed to 
 be transacted thereat. 
 
 ( d .) The order of business at any an¬ 
 nual or special meeting of the members, 
 unless otherwise prescribed by the trustees, 
 shall be as follows: 
 
 1. Roll call. 
 
 2. Reading of minutes of last meeting 
 
 of members. 
 
 3. Reports of officers and committees. 
 
 4. Nominations for trustees. 
 
 5. Election of trustees. 
 
 G. Unfinished business. 
 
 7. New business. ' j 
 
 8. Adjournment. ' 1 
 
 ARTICLE V. 
 
 BOARD OF TRUSTEES 
 
 (a.) The property and business of the 
 Foundation shall be managed by a Board 
 of fifteen Directors who shall be known as 
 Trustees, representing various phases of 
 wo.k for the blind, and of those interested 
 in such work. 
 
 The first fifteen trustees who shall hold 
 office for the period hereinafter expressed, 
 shall be elected by the Incorporators of 
 the Foundation. 
 
 The trustees shall be divided into two 
 classes, the first class consisting of seven 
 trustees and the second class consisting of 
 eight trustees. The trustees of the first 
 class shall be elected and shall hold office 
 until the annual meeting in the month of 
 June, 1922, and the trustees of the second 
 class, until the annual meeting in the month 
 of June, 1923, and at each annual election 
 the successors to the class of trustees whose 
 term shall expire in that year, shall be 
 elected by the members to hold office for 
 the term of two years, so that the term of 
 office of one class of trustees shall expire 
 every year. 
 
 ( b .) Nominations of five trustees of the 
 first class and their successors shall be 
 made, respectively, by a majority of the 
 members constituting the following groups 
 who shall attend annual meetings, to-wit: 
 
 (1.) Members of Boards of Trustees, and 
 superintendents, principals and teachers of 
 
 residential schools for the blind and the 
 partially blind. 
 
 (2.) Supervisors and teachers of classes 
 for the blind and the partially blind in 
 schools for the seeing. 
 
 (3.) Librarians and others officially en¬ 
 gaged in libraries for the blind and depart¬ 
 ments for the blind in libraries for the 
 seeing. 
 
 (4.) Technical heads of embossing plants 
 and departments, and the Secretary of the 
 Commission on Uniform Type for the Blind. 
 
 (5.) Officers and agents or organiza¬ 
 tions engaged in work for prevention of 
 blindness or conservation of vision. 
 
 Nominations for the remaining two trus¬ 
 tees of the first class shall be made by the 
 American Association of Instructors of the 
 Blind at its regular biennial convention. 
 
 Nominations for five trustees of the sec¬ 
 ond class, and their successors shall be 
 made, respectively, by a majority of the 
 members constituting the following groups 
 who shall attend annual meetings, to-wit: 
 
 (1.) Members and executive officers of 
 State Commissions and members of Board 
 of Directors and executive officers of as¬ 
 sociations doing state-wide work for the 
 blind, and state and federal officials ad¬ 
 ministering laws providing for the train¬ 
 ing. education and placement of the blind. 
 
 (2.) Members of Boards cf Directors 
 and superintendents of workshops and in¬ 
 dustrial homes for the blind. 
 
 (3.) Members of Boards of Directors 
 and executive officers of associations and 
 clubs doing city-wide or special work for 
 the blind. 
 
 (4.) Placement agents, field officers, 
 heads of departments, home teachers and 
 social workers who are in the employ of 
 recognized organizations for the blind. 
 
 (5.) Heads of institutions and agencies 
 doing charitable work for the blind and the 
 partially blind, including agents for dis¬ 
 pensing special relief. 
 
 Nominations for the remaining three 
 trustees of the second class shall be made 
 by the American Association of Workers 
 for the Blind at its regular biennial con¬ 
 vention. 
 
 The two trustees which shall be nomi¬ 
 
 ll 
 
nated by the American Association of In¬ 
 structors of the Blind and the three trus¬ 
 tees which shall be nominated by the Amer¬ 
 ican Association of Workers for the Blind 
 shall be persons of prominence interested 
 in, but not actively engaged in work for 
 the blind and the partially blind. 
 
 In the event of a failure to nominate 
 trustees of any class, such nominations 
 shall be made iby a majority vote of the 
 members of the Foundation present in per¬ 
 son or voting by proxy at the annual meet¬ 
 ing of the Foundation then in session. 
 
 The Board of Trustees shall determine 
 to which of the ten respective groups of 
 workers for the blind and the partially 
 blind above referred to, any member may 
 belong and no member shall be included in 
 more than one group; they shall publish 
 membership lists in the month of January 
 of each year or as soon thereafter as con¬ 
 veniently possible but, in any event, at 
 least one month prior to the annual meet¬ 
 ing. 
 
 (c.) If the office of any trustee shall 
 become vacant by reason of death, resigna¬ 
 tion or otherwise, the remaining trustees, 
 though less than a quorum, may elect a 
 successor or successors, who shall hold of¬ 
 fice for the unexpired term. 
 
 (cl.) Regular meetings of the Board of 
 Trustees of the Foundation shall be held in 
 the months of April and October in each 
 year on thirty days’ written notice, at such 
 place, either within or without the State 
 of Delaware, and at such time as the Presi¬ 
 dent shall designate and the Board of 
 Trustees shall meet within thirty days after 
 each annual meeting of the Foundation for 
 the purpose of organizing the board and 
 electing officers. 
 
 Special meetings of the trustees may be 
 called at any time on the written notice of 
 the President or Vice-President or on the 
 request of any eight trustees and may be 
 held anywhere in the United States. 
 
 (e.) Notice of all special meetings of 
 trustees shall be mailed by the Secretary 
 to each trustee at least fifteen days prior 
 to any such special meeting and the notice 
 of special meetings shall briefly state the 
 objects and purposes of said meeting, and 
 no other business shall be transacted at 
 such meeting. 
 
 (,/.) At any meeting of the Board of 
 Trustees a majority shall constitute a 
 quorum for the transaction of any business 
 coming before the meeting. 
 
 (g.) The Board of Trustees shall have 
 power to elect all necessary officers and 
 committees, employ agents, and assistants, 
 and require any officer or agent to give 
 bond for the faithful discharge of his 
 duties, to fix the compensation of any such 
 agents and assistants and to prescribe their 
 duties, to dismiss any employee and gen¬ 
 erally to exercise full control over all the 
 affairs of the Foundation, and the trustees 
 shall serve without compensation, but their 
 necessary traveling expenses incurred in 
 attending any regular or special meeting 
 shall be paid out of the funds of the Corp¬ 
 oration. 
 
 Any trustee may be removed from office 
 and thereupon cease to be a member of the 
 Board of Trustees upon the three-fourths 
 vote of the trustees present and voting at 
 any meeting. 
 
 (h.) The Board of Trustees may dele¬ 
 gate to any committee such powers as to 
 the Trustees may seem wise and the Board 
 of Trustees in addition to the powers and 
 authority expressly conferred upon them by 
 the Certificate of Incorporation and by 
 these By-Laws may exercise all such pow¬ 
 ers and do all such things as may be exer¬ 
 cised or done by the Corporation, subject, 
 nevertheless, to the provisions of the law, 
 the Certificate of Incorporation and these 
 By-Laws. 
 
 (i) The Board of Trustees shall have 
 full and exclusive control over the invest¬ 
 ment of all funds for the Foundation and 
 shall be the exclusive authority for mak¬ 
 ing appropriations, gifts or donations to 
 any institution, corporation, association or 
 individual for the purpose of aiding and 
 promoting the interests of the blind and 
 the partially blind and no appropriations, 
 gifts or donations or expenditures shall be 
 made except with this object in view. 
 
 ( j .) The order of business at meetings 
 of the Board of Trustees shall be as estab¬ 
 lished by the iboard. 
 
 ARTICLE VI. 
 
 AGENTS, EXPENDITURES AND REPORTS 
 (a.) The Board of Trustees shall en¬ 
 gage a Director-General of the Foundation, 
 
 12 
 
and shall, as soon as possible, establish 
 separate co-ordinating and correlating bu¬ 
 reaus of information, research, and educa¬ 
 tion. The trustees shall further, upon the 
 recommendation of the director-general, en¬ 
 gage suitable heads of bureaus and the 
 necessary assistants. 
 
 ( b .) The director-general shall be the 
 administrative agent of the Foundation and 
 shall be vested with such power and per¬ 
 form such duties as the Board of Trustees 
 shall designate. 
 
 (c.) The trustees shall authorize all 
 disbursements in connection with the work 
 of the Foundation. 
 
 ( d.) The Board of Trustees shall make 
 a full report of the receipts, expenditures 
 and work of the Foundation at each an¬ 
 nual meeting of the Foundation. The 
 Executive Committee shall report regularly 
 to the Board of Trustees, and regular 
 mcntfdy reports shall be made by the di¬ 
 rector-general to the trustees. 
 
 ARTICLE VII. 
 
 BUREAU OF INFORMATION AND PUBLICITY 
 
 (a.) The Bureau of Information shall 
 assemble, systematize and disseminate all 
 available data in any way relating to work 
 for the blind and particularly: 
 
 (1.) Data relating to workshops, indus¬ 
 trial homes, commissions, associations, and 
 similar institutions and their respective 
 objects, organizations, administrations, 
 course of training or procedure and results. 
 
 (2.) Data relating to educational insti¬ 
 tutions, as private and state, residential 
 and day for youth and adults; their aims, 
 organizations, administrations, curricula 
 and results. 
 
 (3.) Data relating to lines of employ¬ 
 ment, and vocations followed by individual 
 blind and partially blind persons, and to 
 seek out new opportunities for self-sup¬ 
 port. 
 
 (4.) Data relating to well established 
 methods of instruction for emulation and 
 also relating to methods found unsuccess¬ 
 ful or ill-advised. 
 
 (5.) Data relating to legislation affect¬ 
 ing the blind and the partially blind. 
 
 (6.) Data relating to all styles and va¬ 
 rieties of embossed type, etc. 
 
 (7.) Data relating to any other depart¬ 
 ment or classification of effort on behalf 
 of the blind and the partially blind, in¬ 
 cluding the deafnblind. 
 
 (6.) This bureau shall either issue an 
 ink print and an embossed magazine de¬ 
 voted to work for the blind and the par¬ 
 tially blind or avail itself of the services 
 of such periodicals already in existence, in 
 which latter case this bureau is authorized 
 to enter into appropriate agreements with 
 the management of any such periodicals. 
 
 ARTICLE VIII. 
 
 BUREAU OF RESEARCH 
 
 (a.) The Bureau of Research shall as¬ 
 certain, develop and standardize, by com¬ 
 parison, experimentation and otherwise, 
 the best methods of instruction, kinds of 
 apparatus and appliances, organizations, 
 procedures, etc., for the various lines of 
 work for the blind and the partially blind, 
 and particularly: 
 
 (1.) The best curricula for a given 
 type of school and the best methods of 
 teaching the several branches thereof. 
 
 (2.) The best means of providing edu¬ 
 cational and other opportunities for the 
 deaf-blind. 
 
 (3.) The best method of instructing 
 adults, especially the newly blinded, and 
 the effect of charitable or semi-charitable 
 assistance upon the blind in general and 
 in particular. 
 
 (4.) The best methods of embossing and 
 printing and of increasing the number of 
 the reading blind. 
 
 (5.) The best forms of organization and 
 administration for commissions, associa¬ 
 tions, etc. 
 
 (6.) The best kind of legislation for 
 minimizing the handicap of blindness with¬ 
 out pauperizing the blind. 
 
 (7.) The best kinds of books and appli¬ 
 ances for the use of the partially blind 
 and the best methods of obtaining them. 
 
 (8.) To discover and open up new lines 
 cf employment to the blind and the par¬ 
 tially blind. 
 
 (9.) By organizing and maintaining a 
 minimum laboratory with necessary staff 
 for testing out new lines of employment as 
 cannot be tested out to greater advantage 
 on the premises of the concern offering the 
 
employment; and with facilities for in¬ 
 structing a prescribed number of adults in 
 such vocations and in the necessary re- 
 educational rudiments thereof as in the 
 judgment of the trustees of the Foundation 
 are not already adequately provided for in 
 the course of instruction offered in any lo¬ 
 cal organization. 
 
 ARTICLE IX. 
 
 BUREAU OF EDUCATION 
 
 (a.) The Bureau of Education shall im¬ 
 prove every facility for preparing the blind 
 and the partially blind for the greatest 
 possible participation in the activities and 
 enjoyments of life, and particularly: 
 
 (1.) By providing courses of prepara¬ 
 tory instruction for present and prospec¬ 
 tive teachers and officers in the various 
 departments of the work for the blind and 
 the partially blind. 
 
 (2.) By co-operating with schools in 
 the effort to make their curricula a more 
 natural and logical preparation for the vo¬ 
 cations open to the blind and the partially 
 blind. 
 
 (3.) By providing scholarships and 
 readers to a limited number of especially 
 capable students to attend commercial, 
 technical, under-graduate and professional 
 schools, as their respective cases may re¬ 
 quire, such scholarships and readers to be 
 awarded in general through existing or¬ 
 ganizations and in accordance with the rules 
 and regulations which may be set up by 
 the trustees of the Foundation. 
 
 (4.) By co-operating with schools, work¬ 
 shops and other local organizations in the 
 installment or development of such depart¬ 
 ments of vocational instruction as their 
 particular environment or present equip¬ 
 ment may appear to justify. 
 
 (5.) By financing the work of the Com¬ 
 mission on Uniform Type for the Blind 
 and co-operating with embossing plants and 
 libraries in their efforts to improve the 
 quality and increase the quantity of em¬ 
 bossed literature. 
 
 (6.) By assisting in the production of 
 “clear-type” books and otherwise co-operat¬ 
 ing with societies for prevention of blind¬ 
 ness and conservation of vision. 
 
 ARTICLE X. 
 
 CORRELATION OF BUREAUS 
 
 It shall be the duty of the three bureaus 
 above mentioned and such other bureaus as 
 may be established to co-operate with each 
 other, to further the work of each and the 
 purposes of the Foundation as far as pos¬ 
 sible, and in particular: 
 
 (a.) By an effort to secure better meth¬ 
 ods of census taking and of classifying the 
 blind and the partially blind. 
 
 ( b .) By suggesting definite lines of in¬ 
 vestigation looking towards increased indi¬ 
 vidual efficiency on the part of the blind. 
 
 (c.) By so improving courses of in¬ 
 struction as the better to prepare the blind 
 and their instructors to meet the constant¬ 
 ly changing conditions. 
 
 ( cL .) By offering such facilities as may 
 be called for and found possible to work¬ 
 shops, industrial homes, individuals carry¬ 
 ing on industrial or commercial lines, etc., 
 in respect to purchase and distribution of 
 raw materials required by. them, standard¬ 
 ization of methods of manufacture and 
 quality of production, the securing for and 
 apportionment among them of orders for 
 their products, and in general to act as a 
 clearing house in respect to the business 
 interests of those concerned. 
 
 (e.) By pursuing a campaign by meth¬ 
 ods of publicity, demonstration or other¬ 
 wise, at their discretion, the purpose of 
 which shall be to secure on the part of the 
 public generally, a fuller realization of the 
 possible utilization of the blind and the 
 partially bhnd as competent members of 
 the community, in industry, commerce, the 
 professions and as burden-bearing citizens. 
 
 (/.) By attempting to secure recogni¬ 
 tion on the part of those by whom it would 
 be helpful of the fact that much of the dif¬ 
 ficulty experienced by and in dealing with 
 the blind and the partially blind is due to 
 other handicaps than blindness itself, as¬ 
 sociated therewith, and to devise methods 
 for coping with such handicaps. 
 
 ARTICLE XI. 
 
 THE EXECUTIVE OFFICERS 
 
 The Executive Officers of the Corpora¬ 
 tion shad be a President, a Vice-President, 
 a Treasurer and a Secretary, chosen from 
 
the members of the Board of Trustees. 
 Such officers shall be elected at the first 
 meeting of the Board of Trustees follow¬ 
 ing the annual election and shall hold of¬ 
 fice for a period of one year and until 
 their successors are elected and qualified; 
 the Secretary and Treasurer may, if de¬ 
 sirable, be the same person, and the Vice- 
 President may hold the office of Vice- 
 President and Treasurer or Vice-President 
 and Secretary, should any such office be¬ 
 come vacant by reason of death, resigna¬ 
 tion or otherwise, the Trustees shall 
 promptly elect a successor or successors 
 who shall hold office for the unexpired 
 term. 
 
 ARTICLE XII. 
 
 THE PRESIDENT 
 
 The President shall exercise general su¬ 
 pervision and administration over all the 
 affairs of the Foundation. He shall, when 
 present, preside at all meetings of the mem¬ 
 bers and trustees and shall appoint all 
 special or other committees, except the 
 Executive Committee, unless otherwise re¬ 
 quired by the Board of Trustees. He shall 
 sign all bonds and notes pertaining to the 
 business and affairs of the Corporation and 
 all contracts, deeds, liens and other instru¬ 
 ments of a special nature. He shall be 
 cx-officio a member of all committees of 
 the Corporation. 
 
 ARTICLE XIII. 
 
 THE VICE-PRESIDENT 
 
 The Vice-President of the Corporation 
 shall in the absence, inability or refusal to 
 act of the President be vested with all the 
 powers of the President and may be re¬ 
 quired to perform all his duties. He shall 
 perform such other duties as may be pre¬ 
 scribed by the Board of Directors. 
 
 ARTICLE XIV. 
 
 SECRETARY 
 
 (a.) The Secretary shall keep full min¬ 
 utes of all the meetings of the Corporation 
 and of the Board of Trustees. He shall 
 have charge of the seal of the Corporation 
 and shall affix the same to such instru¬ 
 ments as shall require it. He shall have 
 charge of the books and records of the 
 Board of Trustees and the Corporation and 
 shall make reports to the trustees from 
 time to time as required. 
 
 He shall issue or cause to be issued all 
 calls for meetings of the members ar.d trus¬ 
 tees and shall notify all officers and trus¬ 
 tees of their election. 
 
 (b.) In case of the election of an As¬ 
 sistant Secretary he shall have all the pow¬ 
 ers and may discharge all of the duties of 
 the Secretary and shall perform such other 
 duties as the Board of Trustees may de¬ 
 termine. 
 
 ARTICLE XV. 
 
 THE TREASURER 
 
 The Treasurer shall be the custodian of 
 all the funds and securities of the Cor¬ 
 poration and shall keep full and accurate 
 records and account in books provided for 
 such purpose of ab receipts, disbursements, 
 credits, assets, liabilities and general finan¬ 
 cial transactions of the Corporation. He 
 shall endorse for collection or deposit to 
 the credit of the Corporation all bills, notes, 
 checks and other negotiable instruments of 
 the Corporation coming into his hands in 
 such depositories or safe deposits as may 
 be designated by the Board of Trustees. He 
 shall countersign all bonds, notes and other 
 evidences of indebtedness of the Corpora¬ 
 tion. He shall disburse the funds of the 
 Corporation, taking proper vouchers and 
 receipts for all such disbursements, and he 
 shall give bond to the Corporation in such 
 sum and with such corporate surety as 
 shall be satisfactory to the Board of Trus¬ 
 tees. 
 
 The Assistant Treasurer, in case one 
 shall be appointed, shall have all the pow¬ 
 ers and may discharge all of the duties of 
 the Treasurer and shall perform such other 
 duties as the Board of Trustees may de¬ 
 termine and he may be required to give 
 bond for the faithful discharge of his duties 
 in such amount and with such corporate 
 surety as the Board of Trustees may de¬ 
 termine. 
 
 ARTICLE XVI. 
 
 CHECKS 
 
 Checks for the withdrawal of the Cor¬ 
 poration’s funds from bank or other de¬ 
 pository shall be signed by such officials 
 as shall be authorized by resolution of the 
 trustees. 
 
 ARTICLE XVII. 
 
 OFFICERS PRO TEM 
 
 In the absence of any officer the Board 
 
 15 
 
of Trustees may assign his powers and 
 duties to any other officer or officers or 
 to any trustee, for the time being. 
 
 ARTICLE XVIII. 
 
 The Board of Trustees shall elect from 
 among its own number at its first meeting 
 following the annual election, an Execu¬ 
 tive Committee consisting of five members., 
 one of whom shall be the President. Said 
 Committee shall have and exercise, subject 
 to the control of the Board of Trustees, all 
 the powers of the trustees necessary for 
 the administration and management of the 
 Corporation’s affairs. It may fill vacancies 
 among the officers of the Corporation and 
 employ agents, but any agent employed by 
 the Committee may be removed by the 
 Board of Trustees. The Executive Com¬ 
 mittee shall hold quarterly meetings on 
 such day and at such time and place as 
 the President shall designate on five days’ 
 written notice to the members thereof and 
 may hold special meetings at any time or 
 place designated by the President, but the 
 members of said Committee shall be given 
 at least seven days’ notice of any such 
 meeting. A majority of the Committee 
 shall constitute a quorum for the trans¬ 
 action of any business. 
 
 ARTICLE XIX. 
 
 FISCAL YEAR 
 
 The fiscal year of the Corporation shall 
 end on the thirty-first day of December in 
 each and every year. 
 
 ARTICLE XX. 
 
 WAFVER OF NOTICE 
 
 Any member, officer or trustee may at 
 any time waive any notice required to be 
 given under these By-Laws or under the 
 laws of the State of Delaware. 
 
 ARTICLE XXI. 
 
 NOTICE 
 
 Whenever under the provision of these 
 By-Laws or under the laws of the State of 
 Delaware notice is required to be given to 
 any trustee, officer or member it shall not 
 be construed to be limited to personal 
 notice but such notice may be given in writ¬ 
 ing by depositing the same in the postoffice 
 or letter box in a postpaid, sealed envelope 
 or wrapper addressed to such trustee, of¬ 
 ficer or member at his or her address, as 
 the same appeals in the business or rec¬ 
 ords of the Corporation and the time when 
 the same shall be mailed sha’l be deemed to 
 be the time of the giving of such notice. 
 
 ARTICLE XXII. 
 
 ALTERATION AND AMENDMENTS 
 
 The Board of Trustees may by a ma¬ 
 jority of the entire board, alter, amend or 
 repeal these By-Laws at any regu^r or 
 special meeting, provided that notice of 
 such proposed alteration, amendment or re¬ 
 peal has been given to each trustee at least 
 fifteen days prior to said meeting; but any 
 changes in the By-Laws or any new By- 
 Laws adopted by the Board of Trustees 
 shall be subject to change or repeal by 
 the members of the Corporation at any an¬ 
 nual or special meeting. 
 
 16 
 

 
 
 
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