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ntemtial 
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Semicentennial 
 Anniversary 
 Beloit 
 College 
 
 (on)n)encen)ent ^ek.'Jflne 20=23, 1897 
 
 SUNDAY: 
 
 Baccalaureate Sermon; 
 
 Missionary Address. 
 TUESDAY MORNING: 
 
 Unveiling of the Bust of Dr. Chapin ; 
 
 Historical Addresses; 
 
 Poem, Memorial to Professor Blaisdell. 
 
 TUESDAY AFTERNOON : 
 
 Addresses by Alumni. 
 
 WEDNESDAY: 
 
 Anniversary Address; 
 Ode. 
 
 BELOIT, WISCONSIN. 
 1897 
 
SONNET 
 
 Hon ace Spencer Fiske 
 
 To the First President of the College: 
 
 Unveiled in marble, touched by master hand 
 
 To Greek-like calmness, look forever now 
 
 Upon thy College,— blessing with thy brow 
 
 Of benediction what thyself hadst planned. 
 
 Through six and thirty years thy hope far spanned 
 
 The College future, and thy prayerful vow 
 
 Of love and lifelong labor did endow 
 
 Her life with faith and strenuous command. 
 
 Thy careful strength stood round her like a shield: 
 
 Thy balanced brain kept knowledge as her goal; 
 
 And with thine upward finger on the field 
 
 Of stars, thy spirit traced as on a scroll 
 
 The thought divine that softly lay revealed, 
 
 And led her by the greatness of thy soul. 
 
 Chicago, June 15, 1897. 
 
e 
 
 BACCALAUREATE SERMON. 
 
 PRESIDENT EATON". 
 
 Isaiah xxxn:2. "A man shall be as an hiding place from the 
 wind, and a covert from the tempest; as rivers of water in a dry place; 
 as the shadow of a great rock in a weary land." 
 
 From the summit reached to-day we look back over a 
 noble expanse of history. The landscape of fifty years is 
 unrolled before our eyes. Our pulses beat quick with the 
 enthusiasm awakened by the scene. It is fitting that we 
 pause a moment to dwell upon our privilege in having our 
 history placed in such a region as that of Wisconsin and 
 northern Illinois. Where is there a location to surpass it? 
 In the midst of our northern states, adjacent to the me- 
 tropolis of the interior, on one side mighty inland seas, on 
 the other the Father of Waters sweeping toward the Gulf, 
 a thousand lakes shining like scattered gems about us, bil- 
 lowing prairies of rich fertility, forests stately and solemn, 
 mines stored with buried treasure, seasons finely varied from 
 winter's keen invigoration to summer's opulent harvests, 
 with a sky as clear as Italy's own, piled oftentimes with un- 
 substantial Alps or flooded with molten gold; is not this in- 
 deed a goodly land, an imperial domain? 
 
 Fifty years ago the destinies of this splendid region were 
 being determined, and its physical advantages were no se- 
 curity for its future. The question was not of field or mines, 
 but of men. What sort of men are they to whom we look 
 back from this memorial week, greeting the beginnings of 
 our College history? 
 
 Men they were of vision, as all men have been who have 
 
 PZ^% 
 
4 haccataureate Sermon. 
 
 been equipped for the founding of states and of permanent 
 institutions. Such a man of vision was Abraham, hearing 
 the divine call, and journeying westward to a land where 
 the worship of God was to be established by his posterity; 
 content to dwell in tents until God should provide him a 
 country. 
 
 Such a man of vision was Isaiah, fronting the breaking 
 waves of the invasion of a fierce and proud people, calling 
 his terrified countrymen away from trust in military al- 
 liances, and directing their thought to the impregnable 
 strength of a righteous people. 
 
 Such a man of vision was John Winthrop, turning his 
 back upon fair England with the wealth and preferment 
 that were legitimately his, commingling the spirit of Abra- 
 ham with that of Isaiah, seeking at once a roomier land for 
 a purer worship and a place for the founding of a righteous 
 state. 
 
 Such a man of vision was Manasseh Cutler, New England 
 minister, Revolutionary soldier, and scientist, who secured 
 from the Congress of the Confederation in 1787 the dedica- 
 tion of the great Northwestern Territory to religion, moral- 
 ity and knowledge, guaranteed as free-soil forever. 
 
 It is men of vision like unto these of whom we think 
 when we retrace the life of the region and of the College to 
 its sources. Dr. Horace White, Aaron L. Chapin, Aratus 
 Kent, Lucius G. Fisher, Stephen Peet, Wait Talcott, S. T. 
 Merrill, Joseph Emerson, J. J. Bushnell, A. L. Field, Horace 
 Hobart, Luther Clapp, T. L. Wright, John Lewis, Jeremiah 
 Porter, S. W. Eaton, Dexter Clary, Z. M. Humphrey, E. J. 
 Montague, Josiah L. Pickard, Samuel Hinman, G. S. F. Sav- 
 age; such are the men who shaped these fair regions. Theirs 
 was the clear vision, the ardent hope; the worship of God, 
 the establishment of a righteous state, the preemption of 
 the territory for faith, honor and learning, were the high 
 ends glowing before their spirits as they stepped westward. 
 
President Eaton. 5 
 
 "And who would stop or fear to advance 
 Tho' home or shelter he had none, 
 With such a sky to lead him on!" 
 
 These pioneers were men of practical sagacity. Though 
 they had such visions, they were no visionaries. Utopias 
 had no charm for them. It was here and now that they pro- 
 posed to lay the foundations for a noble and enduring future. 
 The means at hand might be painfully inadequate; it mat- 
 tered not. They could make inadequate means suffice for 
 adequate ends. They could find a way to build churches, 
 though there were no shingles within eighty miles, and no 
 money to buy them with. They could found colleges in the 
 prairie grass. 
 
 These pioneers were men of great tenacity of purpose. As 
 their mission was not the outcome of impulse or of romautic 
 thought, but was fundamental to their conception of their 
 country's life, so there was nothing that could swerve them 
 from their adherence to their determination. Although young 
 men they were not raw recruits. They had the spirit of 
 veterans. They could make long marches, and what they 
 had gained they could hold, though it must needs be by ly- 
 ing low in the trenches. Others might be daunted and give 
 up what they had undertaken, finding the way too toilsome, 
 the difficulties too great. And truly had these men been 
 mindful of that country whence they came out, they might 
 have returned thither. But their faces were set forward, 
 they were seeking a better country. They believed with all 
 their hearts that they were sent to project the lines of de- 
 velopment for this as the worthy center of our national 
 being. And here they belonged till their work was done. 
 We think that we know discouragements and difficulties, 
 yet what stress is there upon our purpose to compare with 
 the strain to which these men were subjected, for whom 
 faith had to be wholly the substitute for sight, and before 
 whose eyes the accomplishment of their purposes must at 
 
6 Baccalaureate Sermon. 
 
 times have seemed further off the further they plodded 
 along their toilsome way. It is to their unconquerable pur- 
 pose in the midst of every uncertainty, difficulty, and dis- 
 couragement that we owe the blessings of our half-century. 
 
 The crowning characteristic of these fathers of the Col- 
 lege was their self -dedication. Without this quality vision 
 may be but the programme of insatiable ambition; sagacity, 
 the equipment for its attainment; and purpose, the pledge 
 of achievements which may gratify personal ends at the ex- 
 pense of the general weal. It is self-dedication alone that 
 can consecrate these qualities to ends of blessing. 
 
 Public attention has been recently called to two typical 
 characters. One, a politician of great ability and experience, 
 imperial in will, through his determination to dictate and 
 his bitterness when thwarted proved bhe ruin of a national 
 administration and became, without purposing it, the occa- 
 sion of a nation's mourning. The other, of at least equal cul- 
 ture and with possibilities of as great preferment in civic life, 
 placed all his gifts, refinement and prospects at his country's 
 service, accepting the perilous command of a regiment of 
 colored soldiers, execrated by the slave-holding Southern 
 leaders, by whom, if taken, he would have been shot without 
 mercy. 
 
 "Right in the van, on the red rampart's slippery swell, 
 
 With hearts that beat a charge he fell 
 
 Foeward as fits a man; 
 
 But the high soul burns on to light men's feet 
 
 Where death for noble ends makes dying sweet." 
 
 Not less pure and complete was the self-dedication of our 
 pioneers. It was life for noble ends to which they had de- 
 voted themselves, life of fullest devotion to a Kingdom of 
 Christ among men. Whether that life were to be longer or 
 shorter was not in their reckoning. When the end came, 
 although not on the red rampart, none the less absolutely 
 it was death for noble ends. 
 
President Eaton. 7 
 
 It was such manhood as this on which the prophet had 
 his eye when he said: "A man shall be as a hiding-place 
 from the wind and a covert from the tempest; as rivers of 
 water in a dry place; as the shadow of a great rock in a 
 weary land." His words become luminous to us in the 
 career of the men of fifty years ago whom we revere to-day. 
 The bonds of society are relaxed in a new country. The 
 miner with his many generous qualities is a reckless fellow 
 who drinks deep and whose knife is drawn on the slightest 
 provocation. The restraints of religion lose their power 
 with an emigrant for whom no church bell marks the dif- 
 ference of days. The eager rush for the farms and water 
 privileges of a fair territory may become a selfish and de- 
 moralizing scramble. Respect for law may be forgotten 
 where there are no organized courts of justice, and the ad- 
 ministration of law must at best be irregular. Amid the 
 winds and tempests of this exposed life, strong, calm, Chris- 
 tian manhood must be the hiding place and the covert. It 
 was the men whom I have named, and how many others, 
 their worthy peers, farmers, miners, merchants, lawyers' 
 clergymen, physicians, manufacturers, who gave coherence 
 to the elements of civic life and made this an orderly Chris- 
 tian commonwealth. 
 
 But it is not enough that life be secure. It must amount 
 to something, it must come to something, it must have out- 
 put. For the productiveness of life in a new region there 
 must be men of clear thought and strong conviction to guide 
 the mental processes of a new people, to encourage and 
 direct its reading, to plan and administer the schools and 
 colleges for the younger generation. This work these men 
 attempted and wrought successfully. They became rivers 
 of water in a dry place, and the greenness which came to the 
 land through them has not been local like the fringing of a 
 deep and quiet pool. Their river has had an unresting cur- 
 rent; [it has literally flowed around the world. Forty 
 
8 Baccalaureate Sermon. 
 
 other colleges have been fed from Beloit's stream, its life 
 imparted to their life. The harvests reaped along its banks, 
 what man can measure? 
 
 Another need of a new community as of all communities 
 is the re-creation of the ideals and the refreshment of the 
 vital powers of the people. "A weary land;" how expres- 
 sive the phrase is of the aspect of life again and again, when 
 we are worn with its struggles, disheartened at its failures, 
 depressed at the low standards of living that prevail and by 
 our own ineffective attempts to surpass them. "A great 
 rock 1 ' resting closely upon the foundations of the earth and 
 drawing coolness from its vast interior, how fitly its shadow 
 represents the influence of the men who are in vital touch 
 with the Eternal and who impart its vitality to those draw- 
 ing near to them when spent of strength and hope. Aaron 
 L. Ohapiu, Joseph Emerson, William Porter, J. J. Blais- 
 dell; have not these been for many years as the shadow of 
 a great rock in a weary land, and does not that shadow still 
 fall upon the grateful spirits of wearied strugglers? 
 
 All civilization is built up on manhood. Every new con- 
 tinent of truth must have its Cabots and its Columbus. 
 Every campaign waits on great generals for victory. In vain 
 the combination of the allies against Napoleon and the sub- 
 sidies poured forth, until a Wellington was trained and put 
 forward: in vain the costly sacrifices of our war until a Grant 
 was prepared to lead on to Richmond; in vain the Greeks 
 defy the Turk in the Hellenic cause without wise and de- 
 voted leaders. Every moral campaign must have like leader- 
 ship. It is the John Brights, the Gladstones, the Garrisons 
 who insure the triumph of great causes. And leaders must 
 have a devoted rank and file, or their valor and skill becomes 
 a splendid but unavailing sacrifice. 
 
 Not less important is the truth that civilization depends 
 upon manhood for its permanence. The sudden downfall of 
 civilizations has been the amazement of mankind. But when 
 
President Eaton. 9 
 
 they totter and drop to pieces it is always and only when 
 manhood has gone out of them. When self-indulgence 
 rules, some hardy stock supplants the degenerate one. When 
 a covetous and venal spirit prevails it shall heap up treasure 
 in vain. Some new might will be disclosed, some tremen- 
 dous gathering of moral indignation, some power that shall 
 not regard silver nor delight in gold, and the rich accumu- 
 lations are scattered like dust. There is absolutely no secur- 
 ity except in an empowered manhood, clear-eyed, strong- 
 hearted, loving God and loviug men with profound and in- 
 telligent love. 
 
 This, then, is the truth that both memory and prophecy 
 unite to utter, that both gratitude and responsibility press 
 home upon us. For each coming year as for the fifty years 
 now ended, manhood is the decisive word. If we have not 
 to contend with the difficulties of pioneer life, we have to 
 grapple with the problems of an intricate civilization, the 
 soil in which materialism strikes deep its roots. A prosper- 
 ous people forget God or worship him with a superficial 
 self-satisfaction. Knowledge forgets its dependence on faith 
 and grows arrogant in its very impotence. Civic trust becomes 
 the plunder of the enterprising and unscrupulous. Vices 
 fester in indolent lives. Wrong becomes intrenched in social 
 custom. Is there and shall there be manhood ready to form 
 the battle-line and lead the forlorn hope against such mas- 
 terful and inveterate evils? 
 
 Manhood is not self-creative. It is a divine gift. It was 
 God who gave us these founders and to Him we would offer 
 our reverent gratitude today. And manhood may be sought 
 from God and he will not withhold the gift. Manhood may 
 be fostered and trained by right surroundings, by worthy 
 discipline. It is for the training of masterful manhood, and 
 high-visioned womanhood without which the future will 
 wait in vain for its men fitly trained and inspired, that Be- 
 loit College enters into the inheritance of the half-century, 
 
10 Baccalaureate Sermon. 
 
 and girds itself for nhe years that are to be. Let memory, 
 love, and imagination build in the soul of each of us a West- 
 minister Abbey dedicated to the men of our commonwealths 
 and of our College, where their true lives and heroic deeds 
 shall be sculptured, where the mellow past shall enwrap 
 them in softened light beautiful as that which steals through 
 painted windows, where grateful thoughts shall be the organ 
 music rolling and whispering through the consecrated places. 
 
 "Be mine in hours of fear 
 Or grovelling thought, to seek a refuge here; 
 Where bubbles burst and folly's dancing foam 
 Melts if it cross the threshold." 
 
 But as often as we tarry in these sacred places of the 
 heart let it be that their lives may re-inspire us, their faith re- 
 animate us, their immortal throng of witnesses encompass 
 us as we go forth to plant, to reap, to think, to write, to 
 plead, to smite, to bear, for God and Christ, for truth and 
 liberty. 
 
 Brothers of the Graduating Class: 
 
 A unique privilege is yours. The time of graduation from 
 college is a marked epoch in any thoughtful life, when the 
 heart beats high and yet when reflection tempers enthusiasm. 
 But yours is placed in the rich setting of fifty years. The 
 circle of a half-century is now completed, and you join 
 hands with those who were the first students of the infant 
 college. You are brought face to face with the founders 
 and feel the touch of their faith and courage, like a proph- 
 et's cloak thrown upon your shoulders. Some of them, 
 thank God, are still here in bodily presence, and can repre- 
 sent the rest to our constructive thought, as we try to bring 
 those early scenes before us. The whole life of the college 
 is thus in a sense gathered into your field of vision. You 
 behold the men of fifty years ago, conferring, praying, plan- 
 ning upon this hill, and you enter into their faith, the ir 
 
President Eaton. 11 
 
 courage, their costly sacrifices. You see the early classes 
 gathered, and note the fine quality of their manhood and the 
 high type of instruction given them. You see the early 
 buildings rising, with what infinite struggle, but with such 
 sagacious and conscientious workmanship that no crack has 
 yet been disclosed in the walls of Middle College. You hear 
 the drum-beat of a free nation aroused to defend its heritage, 
 and you are stirred with the sight of the college boys drill- 
 ing upon the campus when recitations are over, and present- 
 ly shouldering their guns and marching to the front, boys 
 as they were, many of them younger than the youngest of 
 you; yes, young as you were when you were freshmen; leav- 
 ing the college crippled in numbers, but on its altar the 
 fires of patriotic faith and devotion flaming in the darkest 
 night of national disaster. That so many of them fell "foe- 
 ward as fits a man, 1 ' attests the stuff of their young man- 
 hood. You see survivors returning to college life, laying off 
 their shoulder straps and submitting loyally to college dis- 
 cipline. You see sons of the college, an increasing com- 
 pany, valiant upon a hundred battle fields of service, roman- 
 tic or prosaic. You come to your own college days. Some 
 of you, who were academy students, have felt the thrill 
 of great gifts to the college, have heard the sound of ham- 
 mer and trowel upon the walls of Pearsons Hall, and of this 
 Chapel, where you stand now for your last college service, 
 and which is to abide, I trust, the altar of your hearts, 
 whither you will return to re-dedicate your manhood to all 
 that you revere and love in Beloit. 
 
 The College and you have passed through deep experiences 
 together. It was in the opening weeks of your senior year 
 that the chariot of God swept suddenly close to us, and rapt 
 away one more beloved than we trust ourselves to tell. Then 
 it was that we learned something of the quality of your man- 
 hood. How firmly the senior class stood under the shock. 
 Not a man of you faltered or dropped out of his place; your 
 
12 Baccalaureate Sermon. 
 
 constancy, your considerateness, your loyalty will be an en- 
 during memory. 
 
 And so you go out to do men's work in the world. You 
 will find your work, and you will accomplish it. May all 
 that is best in the manhood of the College's half-century 
 live in your arm, your brain, your heart. Some of you may 
 come back fifty years hence, to rejoice in the College's 
 rounded century, and to talk of these ancient days of '97. 
 Then, and so long as the world stands, may there center in 
 Beloit College and go forth from it clear-visioned, resolute 
 and dedicated manhood, to be the strength, the life, the salva- 
 tion of the world. 
 
BELOIT'S ENTHUSIASM EOR HUMANITY; 
 ITS SOURCE AND AIM. 
 
 Address Before the Christian Associations. 
 
 REV. JAMES D. EATON, '69, CHIHUAHUA, MEXICO. 
 
 During these anniversary days there will be many to 
 speak of the early conditions and events, the individual and 
 social influences, which have made the college what it is, 
 and have produced certain traits of character in the body of 
 its students and alumni. For the past explains the present; 
 and with this lesson learned, we can more safely venture 
 upon a forecast of what the world may reasonably expect to 
 gain, in high impulse and fruitful service, from the young 
 lives still to be nurtured here. 
 
 While it is not possible to make a thorough and complete 
 analysis of the formative influences which have been at 
 work here for fifty years, we may distinguish and describe 
 some prominent features of the life of the college, which 
 have been reproduced in the lives of its graduates as a 
 whole, thus creating what might be termed a family like- 
 ness amongst those who, while working out widely differ- 
 ent problems and dealing with very diverse materials, have 
 yet been moved by kindred sympathies and impulses, and 
 have recognized the authority of the same guiding principles. 
 
 It is left to others to speak of what has developed the in- 
 tellectual life of the graduates; what has created a thirst for 
 knowledge, has quickened a spirit of investigation, and al- 
 
14 Beloit's Enthusiasm for Humanity. 
 
 lowed it to do its work with fearless honesty, saying "Let 
 what will, fall; the truth of God will stand in perfect self- 
 consistency, 11 what rich fruits have been gathered through 
 calm reflection, as well as by means of wide acquaintance 
 with the stimulating thoughts of master minds. 
 
 But before these Christian Associations it falls to me, as 
 representing particularly one group of the alumni, to refer 
 to those influences in the college which have nurtured the 
 missionary spirit amongst its graduates. 
 
 You will please observe that this study need not limit our 
 view to those individuals who, under the impulse of this 
 spirit, have been led to undertake a work in foreign lands. 
 For it is a joy to recognize the close kinship uniting them 
 who think of the world as one, just as God is one, and his 
 truth is one, and who know that the basal needs of men, and 
 the remedy for their errors and sins, are everywhere the 
 same. 
 
 Our concern then is to know the influences which have 
 not merely produced the men now at work in China and 
 Japan, in India, Turkey and Mexico, but which have fur- 
 ther nurtured the missionary spirit amongst the graduates 
 of the college as a whole. 
 
 We might have reversed the order of the members in this 
 sentence, and proposed to contemplate that missionary spirit 
 which gave birth to, and nurtured the life of the college. 
 
 The oft-told story of how devout, far-seeing men — and wo- 
 men too — prayed and gave and toiled, in order that the col- 
 lege might be, need not be repeated now; but this brief re- 
 minder may enable us the better to understand whence 
 came the spirit which has been transmitted from class to 
 class, widely permeating the body of the alumni. 
 
 To one who gains acquaintance with the various move- 
 ments of those earlier days, who scans the written records 
 of this institution, and who comes into touch with the life 
 which has animated successive generations of students, and 
 
James D. Eaton. 15 
 
 is pulsing strongly through the scholarly body of to-day, 
 there is clearly discernible the effectual operation of certain 
 master principles or passions, that are worthy of mention. 
 
 (1) First may be named a spirit of Enterprise. * * * 
 Those first ministers and founders and instructors were 
 
 men of push and daring, of courage and endurance, of 
 consecrated enterprise; and it was wholly natural that they 
 should stamp this characteristic of theirs upon the life of 
 the college, — the choicest offspring of their prayers and 
 sacrifices. 
 
 (2) Closely allied to this quality is that of Faith. So near 
 is the resemblance, that in the business world enterprise 
 often passes for faith. * * * * 
 
 The faith of Jesus was a principle, — vital, persistent, pro- 
 ductive, working in all those to whom has come his word; 
 so that the college which at one time, as Prof. Emer- 
 son has said, "was just a prayer," but from the first was 
 "rich in faith, 1 ' born rich, and richly nourished by faith- 
 filled prayer, has been grandly productive of men in all 
 walks of life who have believed, and therefore have spoken 
 and wrought, have loved, suffered and triumphed. 
 
 Enterprise through faith; faith working out in forms of 
 Christian enterprise; the same heavenly partnership which 
 was suggested in the noble words of a leader in the first up- 
 rising of missionary enthusiasm in the last century, William 
 Carey, who said: "Expect great things from God (that is 
 faith); attempt great things for God, 11 (that is enterprise). 
 
 (3) Any one who has learned to say that, from his heart, 
 has within himself the making of a hero. For what is hero- 
 ism? Is it not simply the doing of one's duty with calm 
 resoluteness in the face of whatever difficulties or dangers? 
 This spirit of devotion has been a characteristic of the in- 
 fluential men of the college from the first, manifested in 
 founders, instructors, and the graduates most truly repre- 
 sentative of the institution. 
 
16 Beloit's Enthusiasm for Humanity. 
 
 (4) But the enlightened Christian knows that he most 
 surely promotes the glory of God, who most signally ad- 
 vances the good of man. And it has been the endeavor of 
 the college to teach us, her children, that the extent of our 
 personal endowments and acquisitions should be regarded as 
 the measure of our debt and devotion to the welfare of man- 
 kind. 
 
 What has been the response to such instruction, by the 
 young lives nurtured here? 
 
 When the college was but fourteen years of age came the 
 call to save the country from disunion. Up to that time there 
 had been under instruction here, including the preparatory 
 department, some 750 young men, of whom scarcely 500 
 could be said to be liable to military duty. Yet 400 went 
 into the army, 46 of these laying down their lives in the na- 
 tion's defense. When peace had been restored, and the 
 ranks of the classes filled up again with old soldiers and 
 with newer students, then was heard more distinctly the 
 continuing call to save the world; and within the next ten 
 years the college sent into the foreign field, under commis- 
 sion from our own American Board, more men than did any 
 other college under Congregational auspices, with but two 
 exceptions, Yale and Amherst. With Yale, it was tied; by 
 Amherst alone was it surpassed. 
 
 During those ten years it was the same college it had been 
 during the preceding four, from 1861-65. The same spirit- 
 ual life was pulsing, in professors and students, throughout 
 both periods; but as it was confronted with different condi- 
 tions, so it manifested its vitality in diverse ways. 
 
 If the inquiry proposed at the beginning were to be put 
 to those of us who heard the inspiring address in the college 
 chapel on Memorial Day, that magnificent setting forth of 
 the master motives which swayed certain of our brothers in 
 their bearing of witness to truth and right, undoubtedly the 
 confident reply would be, u a marked influence in the college 
 
James D. Eaton. 17 
 
 which has nurtured the missionary spirit amongst its gradu- 
 ates has been the spirit of Professor Emerson himself." For 
 not only did he bear a leading part in those movements 
 which contributed most obviously to the development of 
 that spirit, (such as the Sunday morning Bible class, meet- 
 ing in his then new house, for the study of the journeys and 
 labors of the model missionary, St. Paul; as the sustaining 
 of mission Sunday Schools in districts lying all about this 
 town; as the daily college prayer meeting which was estab- 
 lished by the old soldiers who came back to finish their course 
 of study, and who had been helped by our revered instructor 
 to see that amongst us boys who were found in the classes 
 in September, 1865, they might work as missionaries, kin- 
 dling in our hearts a little flame of devotion to the same high 
 ideals which they cherished; as the occasional addresses 
 glowing with patriotic fervor which were delivered by him 
 in the height of the conflict and on notable days of remem- 
 brance of that warfare; — not only in these more obvious ways, 
 but through all his daily intercourse with the studeuts, in 
 the class room and elsewhere, he was helping them to pic- 
 ture to their minds, ever more clearly and influentially, the 
 Christian hero, trustful, courageous, strong, gentle, gener- 
 ous toward all. 
 
 The same life-current pulses in the college to-day, and 
 more abundantly as the body is larger grown. What is to 
 be its special manifestation in the closing years of this cen- 
 tury and at the opening of the next? We cannot surely 
 foretell. Its graduates may not be pre-eminently soldiers, 
 not yet foreign missionaries; but lovers of their country and 
 their kind, in the worship and service of God, we know 
 they will be. For what else could they be who loved the 
 now sainted J. J. Blaisdell, and learned to love others 
 through loving him who in so large and deep a way loved 
 his land and the world! Contributing his giffted personality 
 to the college, a little later than did Chapin and Emerson, 
 
18 Beloifs Enthusiasm for Humanity. 
 
 Bushnell and Porter, he yet furnished a large share of the 
 vital force which is felt to-day, as far as the sons of the col- 
 lege have gone. He was himself a signal illustration of the 
 "all around" working of the missionary spirit. Recognized 
 as a leader in evangelistic, educational and reformatory 
 movements, he demonstrated in his own person the priceless 
 value, to men considered as social and moral beings, of any 
 one whose nature is widely open to celestial influences. Be- 
 cause he had so fully received the spirit of the Great Master, 
 his own heart glowed with a holy enthusiasm for humanity. 
 Though we may not see again the flash of his eye, nor hear 
 the penetrating tones of his sympathetic voice, may we be 
 always ready like him to suffer with (for that you know is 
 truly to sympathize with) burdened souls, and to rejoice 
 with them that win victories over selfishness and wrong. 
 
 There are large and difficult problems to be worked out by 
 this generation. * * * * 
 
 For such difficult service is required a spirit of enterprise, 
 of faith, of heroism, of forgetfulness of self, not inferior to 
 that which we feel should animate the foremost of foreign 
 missionaries. Will the sons whom Beloit has nurtured, be 
 equal to this demand? I seem to hear them say, in calm 
 determination, and in reliance upon a strength and wisdom 
 not their own, we will. In such a life of service for others, 
 there may not be so much that appeals to our sense of the 
 heroic and sublime, as shone forth in the unflinching devo- 
 tion of C. Frank Gates, in the face of Turkish incendiarism, 
 murder and outrage, and in his Christlike ministry through 
 weary months to the surviving victims of that terrific perse- 
 cution, — a devotion and ministry worthily recognized by the 
 University of Edinburgh. 
 
 In such service there may not be so romantic a forgetful- 
 ness of self as led another of our brothers, A. C. Wright, to 
 leave the last one of his student traveling companions in 
 order to preach the gospel in a remote Mexican pueblo, and 
 
James D. Eaton. 19 
 
 then journey alone through the wild Sierras, scaling moun- 
 tain passes and fording swollen streams in the rainy season, 
 exposed to the rays of a southern sun, for six perilous days, 
 far liom human habitation, during three of which he saw 
 not a human being on the trail. But faithfulness to high 
 ideals under the ordinary conditions of a daily grapple for 
 existence, may demand as fine a type of heroism, even a 
 diviner sort of self-effacement, whose worth, although the 
 biographers of famous men may fail to record it, the Master- 
 builder of the world and human society will appreciate, and 
 will know how to use, and to reward. 
 
 "'If,' 1 says Archdeacon Farrar, "we make of this world, so 
 far as we are concerned, a world 'wherein dwelleth righteous- 
 ness,' so far do we anticipate the fruition of the new world, 
 the new Jerusalem. '* 
 
 "And wouldst thou hasten in another soul 
 
 God's Kingdom, on the earth, of love and peace? 
 Learn lirst thyself, thy spirit to control; 
 
 From all that's false and evil in thee, cease, 
 Nor think that suddenly the reign shall come. 
 
 With pomp and glory for the outward eye; 
 Within, around thee, in thine earthly home 
 
 The Kingdom of the Lord is drawing nigh! 
 As shines the light with still increasing ray, 
 
 Till from the earth the brooding night has fled, 
 So in man's spirit comes the eternal day, 
 
 As gently as the dawn its beams has spread: 
 Till all within and all around is bright, 
 
 And the whole world rejoices in its light " 
 
ADDRESS AT THE UNVEILING OF THE 
 BUST OF DR. CHAPIN. 
 
 PROFESSOR WILLIAM PORTER. 
 
 I remember that Dr. Chapin once asked me to find for 
 him a passage in Tacitus, in which the author tells what be 
 thinks of statues made of marble or of bronze, as expres- 
 sions of loving regard for the honored dead. He does not 
 disallow them, but he thinks there is a finer, a more personal 
 way of doing honor to a true, great life. The sculptor's 
 hand may give back to us almost the living form of one 
 we have known and loved; it may be cut from the purest 
 marble, but after all it was a stranger's hand that formed 
 it, and the material out of which it was wrought is foreign 
 and cold. So Tacitus would teach us that we honor most 
 those whom we love best, by enshrining their living pres- 
 ence in our warm hearts, by letting their strong, pure, brave 
 lives, with their divine touch and more than sculptor's skill, 
 mould our lives into the likeness of what was best in theirs. 
 We pay them the highest honor within our reach, when we 
 catch the spirit of their loftiest aims and purposes, and let 
 them lift us up on the high places where they walked with 
 God. And so we help to make their influence and their 
 lives immortal. For it may well be true, in the economics 
 of God's working, that there is never in any genuine soul 
 a noble impulse, a high resolve, a purpose born of God, that 
 does not register itself in other souls, and so take its place 
 among the great spiritual forces, that never cease to work 
 
Professor William Porter. 21 
 
 in human lives. This, we believe to be the supreme signifi- 
 cance of such a life as Dr. Chapin's, and this, the truest 
 way, in which to do it honor. Long ago, you know, and far 
 away beyond the seas, it was said, that not by flowers fall- 
 ing from the sky, not by the song of angel choirs, is the 
 teacher honored, but the disciple, who shall fulfill all the 
 greater and the lesser virtues, by him is the teacher honored. 
 Such honor, in generous measure, from multitudes of loving 
 hearts and loyal lives, all round the world, has already come 
 to attest the genuineness of this life, and its abiding in- 
 fluence. And there is nothing that can take its place. 
 
 Yet we make no mistake, when we gather thus, on this 
 great day, to do this especial honor to the memory of Dr. 
 Chapin. It is right, so our hearts say, it is even the more 
 fitting, because his life is so complete in its rounded perfect- 
 ness that he needs it less, that we ask the marble and the 
 hand of the sculptor to bring back again, for other genera- 
 tions of students to look upon, the form and the features 
 that so live in our memory. This glad fiftieth anniversarv 
 of the College would be less complete without this new re- 
 minder of him, who stood so close to the beginnings of its 
 life, and who gave to it so largely its distinctive character. 
 For forty years Dr. Chapin was a part of the best life of 
 this community. For forty years the College was his life. 
 He lived in it and for it. He had faith in it, as a part of 
 the Kingdom of Christ on earth. He gave to it, joyfully 
 and without stint, his best. It was the inspiration of his 
 life to be always at his best that he might give to it a larger 
 service. His devotion was supreme and exacting. He never 
 spared himself when duty called. His life was genuinely 
 and most abundantly a life of service. And it was service 
 rendered graciously and wisely, for it was in his heart to do 
 it; it was the law of his life. So it was of his Master's life. 
 His work was largely out of sight, laying foundations for 
 a growth, that was yet to come. But so clear was his vision 
 
22 Address at Unveiling of Bust of Dr. Chapin. 
 
 of the future of the College, so assured his faith in God's 
 plan for its life and growth, that he could do his work with 
 the most careful fidelity and thoroughness, with an energy 
 that never rested, and a patience that never grew weary, and 
 then wait for what he might never see. 
 
 He did live to see a growth, perhaps beyond his largest 
 hope. And it was the untold blessing of the silent years of 
 his physical disability, that he could see the administration 
 of the College carried on with such marked wisdom and suc- 
 cess, by one whom he had selected to take his place and 
 whom he honored and loved; that he could see, first one 
 new building, needed for the growth of the College carried 
 up to its completion, then another, then another still, our 
 beautiful Chapel, then a fourth rising to make the equip- 
 ment for the College life so nearly complete. Then when 
 his son received the appointment to take up the father's 
 work of instruction, there seemed to be no reason why our 
 love and prayers should keep him longer away from his 
 home in heaven. 
 
 Such a life, loyal and true always, lived in the presence of 
 many generations of students, choice men, picked men, so 
 many of them were, was ever holding up before them a high 
 ideal of lofty purpose and genuine manliness, of loyalty to 
 duty and supreme faith in God. Under the inflence of such 
 teachings and ideals, many a life, we do not know how 
 many, grew strong and clean and thoughtful, and went out 
 to do its work with higher purpose and larger results be- 
 cause Dr. Chapin had been teacher and friend. Some of 
 them, I think, have already found him on the other shore, 
 and have told him what his life meant to them. 
 
 But I can bring you only a suggestion of thoughts and 
 feelings and memories, that will spring unbidden in many 
 hearts, as we unveil this bust, and let the living presence of 
 the teacher and friend speak to us, with something of his 
 old graciousness and power. 
 
Professor William Porter. 23 
 
 [Here the bust was unveiled by Lucius Chapin Porter, Dr. Chapin's 
 grandson, the congregation standing.] 
 
 May I add, for myself and for many of you, a word of 
 most grateful appreciation of the sculptor's skill and work, 
 that one, who never saw the face of Dr. Chapin, has caught 
 so finely and expressed so truly, the spirit of the life that 
 spoke through it, and made it mean so much to us. 
 
 And may I also add the expression of our united and 
 hearty thanks for the generous though tfulness of the friend, 
 who has presented to the College this memorial of one, who 
 was of kin to her, and whom she loved and honored, that it 
 might keep the lesson of his life ever fresh, a living pres- 
 ence and power, as the generations of students come and go. 
 
 The bust of Dr. Chapin by Lorado Taft was presented to the College by Mrs. 
 J. A. Rumrill, of Springfield, Mass. 
 
THE EARLY FACULTY OF BELOIT COLLEGE. 
 
 PROFESSOR JOSEPH EMERSON". 
 
 If the word faculty signifies the vital force, by which an 
 organism is a living power, we cannot say that the first per- 
 manent instructors of Beloit College were its first Faculty. 
 Its first constructors were full of that living spirit, which 
 formed the College. For spirit is older than body. That 
 spirit was born in the hearts, and formed in the minds, and 
 it wrought in the work of Aratus Kent and Stephen Peet, 
 of Aaron L. Chapin and Flavel Bascom and Samuel W.Eaton 
 and G. S. F. Savage, all sons of Yale, and in the sons of 
 other colleges, and in others who, though not graduates, 
 were sharers in that liberal education which colleges had 
 spread through the East. Such were Dexter Clary and Al- 
 fred Field, and Lucius Fisher and Horace Hobart aud Horace 
 White. It lived then and lives now also in such women as 
 Mrs. Clary and Mrs. Field, whom we rejoice to have still 
 with us, and in the Lucius Fishers and Horace Hobarts and 
 Horace Whites of to-day. 
 
 Nor were those first professors the first teachers of the 
 College. Gratefully we join in the thanksgiving of Sereno 
 T. Merrill, the first instructor and still the wise and honored 
 trustee of the College. 
 
 There were also five young men, the first students of the 
 College, whose hearty interest made them already a part of 
 its vital force, foreshadowing the standing which they and 
 all true sons of Beloit were to hold in that order of liberally 
 educated men, who are, or should be the Faculty of civilized 
 
Professor Joseph Emerson. 25 
 
 humanity. They and their loyal successors were and have 
 always been most efficient helpers in forming and develop- 
 ing the life and work of the College. 
 
 To a College thus already instinct with life came two 
 young men. They had been classmates at Yale. One of 
 them had been teaching there and the other would have 
 been with him, had he not preferred to continue in the work 
 of building the excellent College of the Western Reserve in 
 Ohio. But though even his alma mater could not call him 
 back, a new enterprise in the heart of the nation could and 
 did call him on, and in the month of April, 1848, Jackson J. 
 Bushnell arrived in Beloit. It was an event of no small 
 moment for the city as well as for the College. A man so 
 full of mind which sought only for the truth, so full of 
 enterprise which aimed only to do good, so regardful of 
 every other one and so forgetful of himself, so full at 
 once of the highest ideals and of the most practical efficiency, 
 could not be hid or be in the rear, whenever and wherever 
 there was any good to be done or any wrong to be righted. 
 No one could associate with him and not become a better 
 man. The character of the man infused itself into that of 
 his fellow citizens, his colleagues and his pupils. It goes 
 with them all round the world. Everywhere it is that spirit 
 of earnest loyalty which is the brand of Beloit, and in which 
 the spirit of President Chapin and that of Professor Bushnell 
 are so finely blended. 
 
 Through our first quarter century, though with some in- 
 terruption caused by his devotion to public interests, Profes- 
 sor Bushnell filled worthily the department of mathematics 
 and physical science. In the enlargement of the College the 
 department has been resolved into that of mathematics and 
 physics, now so well filled by Professor Thomas A. Smith, 
 and that of astronomy, which with much more of the life of 
 the College owes such a debt to the excellent care of Profes- 
 sor Charles A. Bacon. 
 
26 The Early Faculfy of Beloit College. 
 
 If the personality of Jackson J. Bushnell could not be 
 hidden in his official position, it was to his younger associate, 
 to whom fell the ancient classics, a joy, like that of the 
 morning stars, to be lost in the light which it was his privi- 
 lege to introduce. Homer and iEschylus, Socrates, and 
 Plato and Demosthenes are not dead or emeriti. Were they 
 ever more alive than when they came into the minds, the 
 hearts, the souls of the young men who were to reproduce 
 Marathon and Salami's at Vicksburg and Gettysburg? 
 What could one ask more than to stand in the shade and to 
 see such light flow into such souls? 
 
 When the department came to be divided it was a fresh 
 satisfaction, which is still a part of the joy of this jubilee, to 
 have the Roman sternness purified and sanctified by Chris- 
 tian grace. Cicero and Virgil are more themselves as intro- 
 duced by William Porter. Also, as we pass into the new 
 era, which the civilization, born in Greece, is now entering, 
 it has been thrilling to see the Greek philosopher living 
 again in such a representative as Professor Blaisdell. And 
 now, as the half century closes, the electric light in which 
 Greek life and art are presented under such a hand as that 
 of the younger Theodore Lyman Wright, aided by the equip- 
 ment provided by another son of Beloit and of a father of 
 Beloit, the younger Lucius G. Fisher, shines on with glad 
 hope into the future. 
 
 In connection with the resurrection of fine art in our 
 Greater Greece, could you, or could the truth excuse the re- 
 serve, which should abstain from the mention of Mrs. Helen 
 Brace Emerson, the founder of the department of fine art, 
 and of Mrs. Ellen Battell Eldridge and of other friends who 
 have endowed and developed it, until its collections now fill 
 our former chapel. Let us hope that the instruction, which 
 had been so hopefully begun may be successfully renewed. 
 The old Greek bards themselves, to whom we have assigned 
 positions in our primeval faculty, would rejoice to see how 
 
Professor Joseph Emerson 27 
 
 our President Eaton and our Professors Sleeper and Allen 
 have organized a department of sacred music, which is daily 
 filling not only their especial pupils but our whole College 
 with those harmonies, through which we may become better 
 members and better leaders in the harmonies of a better life. 
 The department of languages has also gladly welcomed 
 the modern tongues under the able introduction of Professors 
 Hendrickson, Whittlesey, Dawson and Pearson. So we go on 
 to complete our connection with the thoughts and enthusi- 
 asms of the living present, as well as with those of the liv- 
 ing past and to press on with them into the great life of the 
 future. 
 
 The solid thought of mathematics and physics, and the 
 high thought and rhythmic enthusiasm of the classics and 
 the manifold voice of language do not fill the whole capacity 
 of man, and the faculty of the College could not be com- 
 plete without an interpreter of nature. From the Green 
 Mountains, from Middlebury, came Dr. Stephen Pearl Lath- 
 rop, a naturalist, a chemist, a physician, a Christian gentle- 
 man and a true man. His valuable service was cut short for 
 us by his removal to our State University and soon after 
 closed by his decease. His remains rest in our own cemetery, 
 and we are thankful that his worthy wife is still among us. 
 The work of his department of chemistry has been well 
 maintained by such successors as Henry B. Nason, Elijah P. 
 Harris, James H. Eaton and C. G. Wheeler, until now the 
 far-east as well as the far-west come for counsel to our Pro- 
 fessor, — Erastus G. Smith. 
 
 The second quarter century has seen the development of 
 the cognate department of geology, under such sons of the 
 College as Thomas C. Chamberlin and Rollin D. Salisbury, 
 and now by a son also of the first graduate of the College, 
 Professor George L. Collie, while still another alumnus, 
 Hiram D. Densmore, is professor of botany and biology. 
 
 As the College and its classes advanced, there was need of 
 
28 The Early Faculty of Beloit College. 
 
 a president, and a president was not far to seek. Rev. 
 Aaron L. Chapin had been a large part of the heart and 
 hand and soul of the enterprise from the beginning, and his 
 associates felt that he was the man to conduct it to its ac- 
 complishment. Forty years of good service have attested 
 the correctness of their judgment. His colleagues in the 
 board of trust will bear witness to the wisdom and adminis- 
 trative capacity which led the College through its early and 
 its later struggles and achievements. His colleagues in the 
 faculty and his pupils well remember the faithfulness and 
 the kindness, the aptness and ability, with which he guided 
 the home life of the College. He came to be known 
 throughout and beyond the land as the man for counsel in 
 a local or an international emergency, and the sunlight, in 
 which the young College on the prairies was growing so 
 wholesomely, shone peace back to the Atlantic and to the 
 Bosphorus. 
 
 It is a great satisfaction of this jubilee that his presidency 
 is held to-day by such a pupil as Edward D. Eaton, and his 
 professorship by such a son as Robert C. Chapin. 
 
 But again college or individual must look inward and up- 
 ward as well as out upon nature and on man, and before we 
 had a senior class we had a senior professor in the depart- 
 ment of psychology. A senior professor, indeed, was Miles 
 P. Squier. For, though some of us had more of youthful 
 spirit and enthusiasm, he belonged to the former generation 
 and linked us to that ante-natal faculty of Beloit to which 
 we have alluded. He was born in the year 1792 and gradu- 
 ated at Middlebury in 1811, the same year in which Ralph 
 Emerson, the father of his Beloit colleague, graduated at 
 Yale. The two, Emerson and Squier, were classmates and 
 roommates at Andover Theological Seminary. Lines of life, 
 which, however divergent, were still governed by the same 
 motives, brought both together in their last days to share or 
 to witness a realization of their aims in the building of Be- 
 
Professor Joseph Emerson. 29 
 
 loit College. The elder of them remained in New England, 
 but his influence was always telling upon the west, even 
 upon our west. He became a tutor at Yale, and there he 
 taught Aratus Kent. He was pastor in Connecticut and 
 there he taught Stephen Peet. He was almost persuaded to 
 accept the first presidency of the Western Reserve College, 
 and he did send his eldest son there as pupil. His work for 
 a quarter century as professor at Andover trained men who 
 came to our prairies, and when he rested from those labors, 
 he and his devoted wife came gladly to where their children 
 had already gone and gave the evening of their days to en- 
 thusiastic and largely fruitful sympathy and endeavor for 
 Beloit College. 
 
 Meanwhile the other classmate, Miles P. Squier, went to 
 the front, like our Professor Bushnell. He explored for the 
 Home Missionary' Society the forests of western New York, 
 and, declining a tutorship in his alma mater, revived the first 
 church in Buffalo, which had been broken up in its infancy 
 by the war of 1812, and became its first pastor. Then upon 
 a partial failure of health, he gave his efforts to the first be- 
 ginnings of the Auburn Theological Seminary. Then he 
 built the Geneva Female Seminary and the Geneva Lyceum 
 for young men, especially for those preparing for education 
 for the Christian ministry. But his quick ear caught the 
 first movements for the Beloit College, and from 1845 on- 
 ward his heart and that of his congenial wife were here, and 
 in 1849 he received and in due time accepted the professor- 
 ship of philosophy, giving the endowment as well as his own 
 devotion and wish. 
 
 He used to come when the spring-time came, and to re- 
 vive our flagging minds, and to call us to thoughts deep and 
 high, and clothed in wise words, which were to him simple 
 as the prattle of a child. For he was always as sage as 
 Plato and as young as Homer. Would that he and his noble 
 wife were here to unite their enthusiasm with our thanks- 
 
30 The Early Faculty of Beloit College. 
 
 givings for the fulfillment of their prayer. 
 
 Most richly were those prayers answered in the life and 
 teachings of the saintly intellect, which has formed the 
 minds and souls of the sons of Beloit for so many blessed 
 years. In how many, even of this audience, does the soul 
 of James J. Blaisdell live to-day. May his successor be a 
 like dispenser of blessing! 
 
 If a man be full of thought, knowledge and spirit, human 
 and Divine, he still needs the faculty of speech, and the 
 Faculty of Beloit was not complete till the coming of the 
 first professor of rhetoric. 
 
 Franklin W. Fisk was the valedictorian of the Yale class 
 of 1849, of which the salutatorian was Timothy Dwight, 
 now the president of Yale University; and Joseph Hurlbut 
 who was for two years an instructor at Beloit, ranked with 
 them, and Isaac E. Carey, who is also on the roll of our 
 teachers, was close to them. While Dwight remained to 
 develop into a university the home Yale, which the spirit of 
 his grandfather had made so great as a College, his three 
 peers came to aid their former teacher in the endeavor to 
 reproduce Yale College upon the prairies. Mr. Fisk had 
 achieved his education by the force of his own will and 
 character, and his power was already felt in the world when 
 he came to inaugurate in Beloit a department which has 
 ever since been a large part of the power of the College, 
 largely through the impulse which he gave to it before he 
 was called to the work of his life in the Chicago Theological 
 Seminary. That impulse, with the large development given 
 by such a master of thought and of utterance as Professor 
 Blaisdell, and by the classic intelligence of Henry Dickinson, 
 E. G. Miner and L. S. Rowland and by the practical effi- 
 ciency of Professors H. M. Whitney and Louis E. Holden, in 
 the two departments which now continue it, has been and 
 will be a voice known and felt in the world. Beloit College 
 has something to say; she means something, and she wishes 
 
Professor Joseph Emerson. 31 
 
 for the voice not of Gorgias but of Demosthenes. 
 
 In speaking of the early faculty of Beloit we must not 
 forget those young men, selected from the best graduates of 
 the best colleges of the East, who came to aid for longer or 
 shorter time in the collegiate or the preparatory departments. 
 From Yale, beside the three from the class of 1849, of whom 
 we have spoken, there were Thomas S. Potwin, Franklin 
 C. Jones, William D. Alexander — afterward president of 
 Oahu College, Henry S. DeForest, president of Talladega 
 College, and Fisk P. Brewer, professor in Iowa College. 
 From Princeton came Lewis C. Baker, and from Amherst 
 William EJ. Ward, the editor of the Independent, Moses 
 Stuart Phelps, professor at Middlebury, and Lucius D. 
 Chapin, pastor at Ann Arbor. Necessity required, as it still 
 requires, provision for preparatory institutions, a wholesome 
 necessity, enabling to begin the training of manly character 
 nearer to the time when character takes its manly tone. 
 The results, under the conduct of such men as John P. 
 Fisk, Ira W. Pettibone, W. W. Rowlands and Thomas D. 
 Christie, with the young men, principally from our own Col- 
 lege, who assisted them, prepared for the work of Almon W. 
 Burr, whose thought and will and work are now such an in- 
 spiration not only in our own school but throughout the 
 system of Christian academies, which are now a constella- 
 tion of best omen in all our region. 
 
 As, in the outset are counted the early students with the 
 early teachers among those who made Beloit, so we ought to 
 count the early and the later teachers with all the students 
 among those whom Beloit had made. For the teacher re- 
 ceives as well as gives, and pupil and teacher alike, as they 
 have breathed together the air of Beloit, and fed together 
 upon the thoughts of all ages, and all the words of God 
 which gather here, have been forming themselves for places 
 in that order of liberally educated men, who are to be the 
 faculty of a liberated world. In such a faculty Aaron L. 
 
32 The Early Faculty of Beloit College. 
 
 Chapin, with his forty years of presidency here, may have 
 received more than the student of a four years' course. But 
 whoever, in years or in months has breathed enough of the 
 air of Beloit to catch the spirit of Beloit, is of her company. 
 
 A half century's account of blessing and giving illustrates 
 the expansive character of liberal education. 
 
 Beloit has received from thirteen other colleges, one presi- 
 dent, twenty professors, and twenty other teachers. Beloit 
 has given to forty colleges, sixteen presidents, thirty profes- 
 sors and twenty-five other teachers or officers. If we add 
 our other educators, and physicians, and jurists, and editors, 
 who are a specialty of Beloit, and our clergymen and home 
 and foreign missionaries and our business men, whose op- 
 portunity and whose work is an immense factor in the ex- 
 tension of liberal education, what shall we count the contri- 
 bution already made to the advancement of mankind? How 
 shall we remember that later faculty of Beloit, who are now 
 carrying on the alma mater's teaching in all right lines of 
 life all round the world? If the early faculty of Beloit re- 
 joice in the work of the later faculty in the home college, 
 we must all rejoice together in that greater faculty of the 
 greater Beloit, who are doing the part of their alma mater 
 in the spreading through the earth of that liberty in which 
 the truth maketh free. 
 
THE EARLY TRUSTEES. 
 
 REY. G F. S. SAVAGE, D. D., CHICAGO. 
 
 The Trustees, and the Development of the College under 
 their Guardianship, is the topic assigned to me. 
 
 A Christian college which is to live and prosper and be a 
 perenuial fountain of blessings to coming generations must 
 have a Christian origin. In this respect Beloit College was 
 happily favored. It had its first inception in the minds and 
 hearts of that group of intelligent and consecrated men who 
 counseled together in the cabin of a lake steamer in 1844. 
 This consultation resulted in the calling of the conventions 
 held here in 1844-45 by representatives of Presbyterian 
 and Congregational churches in Wisconsin and Northern 
 Illinois, and the College had a truly Christian birth in the 
 hearts, the counsels and the prayers of these men of Grod, in- 
 spired as we believe, by his Spirit, and actuated by the purest 
 and noblest motives. 
 
 These founders of Beloit College were men of rare worth, 
 wise in counsel, and efficient in action, men who had knowl- 
 edge of the times in which they lived, and foresight of the 
 future u to know what Israel ought to do." 
 
 The motto adopted for the seal of the College expresses 
 the character of its founders and the motives which governed 
 them in what they did: "Scientia vera cum fide pura." 
 
 They laid deep and broad the foundations of a Christian 
 educational institution, upon which others might build 
 securely and prosperously, and committed to a select board 
 of trustees the responsibility of carrying forward the work 
 so happily and hopefully begun by themselves. 
 
34 The Early Trustees. 
 
 It is more especially of this first board of trustees, to 
 whom was entrusted the guardianship of the College a half 
 century ago, that I am to speak. And who and what were 
 those men who constituted that first board of trustees, 
 —the charter members,— whom it delights us all to hold in 
 grateful remembrance, on this jubilee occasion? And what 
 were the responsibilities which they assumed, and their 
 qualifications to meet them successfully? In answering 
 these questions let me first call the roll of their names. 
 
 Reverends Aratus Kent, Stephen Peet, Aaron L. Chapin, 
 Dexter Clary, Flavel Bascom, Calvin Waterbury, Jedediah D.' 
 Stevens, and Ruel M. Pearson; also Messrs. George W. 
 Hickcox, Augustine Raymond, Charles M. Goodsell, Ephraim 
 H. Potter, Lucius G. Fisher, Wait Talcott, Charles S. Hemp- 
 stead and Samuel Hinman. Eight clergymen, and eight lay- 
 men, all good men and true, leaders in the churches which 
 they represented, and equally divided between Wisconsin and 
 Illinois. Alas! No one of the noble band remains with us, 
 to witness the wonderful growth and prosperity of the Col- 
 lege so dear to their hearts, and to share with us in the re- 
 joicings of this jubilee year. And yet may we not believe 
 that their sanctified and glorified spirits join to-day in our 
 doxology of praise and thanksgiving, for what God has 
 wrought in and through this beloved institution in the fifty 
 years of its existence? 
 
 I wish that we had a photograph of those trustees assem- 
 bled at their first meeting, October 23d, 1845, as they 
 prayed, and counseled together; how without funds, without 
 a campus, without a building, without a library, or scientific 
 apparatus, without a faculty, with only a name to begin 
 with, they could develop, and build up a Christian college, 
 which should be the worthy peer of long established and 
 fully equipped eastern institutions. 
 
 As it was my privilege to know them all, and to be inti- 
 mately associated with several of them, you will pardon me, 
 
Rev. G. F. S. Savage. 35 
 
 for speaking more particularly of a few of the number as 
 they impressed me in their official relations as Trustees of 
 the College. The impress of their moulding power has 
 been an abiding influence for good upon the College in all 
 its subsequent history. 
 
 Foremost among them would be seen, that sterling Puri- 
 tan, Rev. Aratus Kent, an ardent lover of education and re- 
 ligion, the first president of the board, which office he held 
 four years, until 1850, when the newly-elected president of the 
 college became ex-officio president of the board of trustees, 
 and Mr. Kent was made vice-president, which office he held 
 until the time of his death. 
 
 He was a man of unbending integrity and of unyielding 
 principles; a strict economist, yet public-spirited, generous, 
 and self-sacrificing for the good of others. A graduate of 
 Yale College, when he first came West as a pioneer home 
 missionary, he said, "If there is a place so hard, that others 
 will not go there, send me to that place; 11 and he was sent 
 to an exceedingly difficult field, two hundred miles beyond 
 any organized Protestant church. The spirit of the man is 
 illustrated in the closing sentences of his charge to Presi- 
 dent Chapin at his inauguration, "Take this charter and ob- 
 serve its provisions. Execute these laws with the firmness 
 of Caesar, and with the meekness of a Christian. Make the 
 impress of this seal the symbol of literary eminence un- 
 rivaled between the oceans. 1 ' 
 
 Rev. Stephen Peet, another of the charter trustees, was, 
 perhaps, more than any other man the originator of the 
 College, and he served as a trustee with untiring energy and 
 fidelity, up to the time of his death, ten years later. 
 
 He was a man of God, fertile in plans and resources and 
 characterized by sound judgment, good common sense, and 
 executive ability. The College was dear to his heart, and he 
 devoted himself with enthusiasm to labors for its welfare, 
 enlisting others also in its support, and securing large addi- 
 
3® The Early Trustees. 
 
 tions to its funds in the time of its greatest needs. He was 
 deeply interested in promoting the higher Christian educa- 
 tion in the new West, and Beloit College, and Chicago Theo- 
 logical Seminary, are enduring monuments of his successful 
 efforts to secure such institutions as he earnestly desired, 
 and labored to have established. 
 
 Intimately associated with these two leaders in the enter- 
 prise, a charter trustee, a member of the executive commit- 
 tee, and the secretary of the board, until the time of his 
 death,— half the life of the College,— was another honored 
 name, that of Rev. Dexter Clary. 
 
 For nearly thirty years he devoted the best energies of 
 his mind and heart, in these official relations to the welfare 
 of the College. With conscientious fidelity and promptness, 
 did he discharge the responsible duties devolved upon him, 
 and in manifold ways, to the extent of his ability did he con- 
 tribute essentially to its growth and prosperity/ 
 
 But to no one of the trustees does the College owe a larger 
 debt of gratitude than to him whose benignant and life-like 
 features, sculptured in enduring marble, are unveiled before 
 us to-day, and whose name and deeds will be held in honored 
 and loving remembrance while the College exists. President 
 Aaron Lucius Chapin's life was identified with the College 
 from its first inception as a founder, trustee and president. 
 From the time of the first consultation of the friends of 
 college education, in the cabin of that memorable lake 
 steamer, he was inspired with the need and the practicability 
 of establishing in this new West a Christian college which 
 would in time become a worthy peer of the best Eastern 
 colleges. He gave his after-life, at the call of duty, to the 
 planting and up-building of such an institution. His thirty- 
 six years of administration as president of the College and 
 forty-seven years service as a trustee, and member of the ex- 
 ecutive committee attest his ability and success in the re- 
 sponsible work committed to his hands. He outlived all 
 
Rev. G. F. S. Savage. 37 
 
 those associated with him in the first board of trustees, and 
 was privileged to witness and rejoice in the already blessed 
 fruitage of their united labors. 
 
 The time allotted to this address forbids us to speak in 
 detail as our hearts would dictate of the other clerical mem- 
 bers of that first board of trustees, Reverends Flavel Bascom, 
 Calvin Waterbury, Jedediah D. Stevens and Ruel M. Pearson, 
 efficient, genial, wise-hearted men, who contributed much by 
 their counsels, prayers and influence to the success of the 
 enterprise. 
 
 But we should not fail to name as equally worthy of grate- 
 ful remembrance on this jubilee occasion those honored and 
 beloved laymen associated with them, who contributed so 
 much of time, thought, labor, business experience and finan- 
 cial aid to make the enterprise a complete success. They 
 planned and counseled wisely,— they labored faithfully, and 
 contributed generously to build a Christian college worthy 
 of the name, upon the broad foundation which had been laid 
 at the beginning. 
 
 Special mention should be made of Mr. Lucius G. Fisher, 
 to whose influence, gifts, and personal sacrifices, the College 
 is largely indebted for its admirable location, and whose 
 valuable services as a trustee were continued to the end of 
 his useful life. 
 
 And what was true of that first board of trustees, in their 
 devotion to the welfare of the College, and their fidelity in 
 discharge of the trust committed to them, I hazard nothing 
 in saying, has been equally true of their successors in the 
 trust. They have been and are men to whose wisdom, busi- 
 ness sagacity, fidelity, and love for the College, its interests 
 could safely be entrusted. The harmony which has charac- 
 terized their deliberations and the unity of action which has 
 resulted are an occasion for devout thankfulness. 
 
 And now from what and to what has the College developed 
 
38 The Early Trustees. 
 
 under the guardianship of its trustees in the fifty years of 
 its existence? 
 
 The first board was elected in October, 1845. The same 
 year the location of the College was fixed by a convention of 
 the churches, on this border line of the great common- 
 wealths of Wisconsin and Illinois; — the form of a charter 
 was agreed upon; and beyond that the enterprise was com- 
 mitted to the trustees to develop and carry forward to its 
 completion. The College at this time was only a name. 
 
 What more was required to give to it a reality, and secure 
 its permanency, growth and prosperity? An act of incor- 
 poration must be obtained; an eligible site, or campus, must 
 be secured; buildings must be erected; funds collected, and 
 students enrolled. 
 
 In 1846. largely through the self-sacrificing liberality of 
 Mr. Fisher, one of the trustees, a campus, like Jerusalem of 
 old, beautiful for situation, was provided. The same year a 
 charter was granted by the territorial legislature of Wiscon- 
 sin. Funds were contributed sufficient to begin the work. 
 The corner stone of the first building, the venerable Middle 
 College, was laid June 24th, 1847, amid great rejoicings, the 
 president of the board of trustees, Father Kent, laying the 
 corner stone. The same year was gathered the first class of 
 five students, in the basement of the first Congregational 
 church, under the temporary instruction of the now vener- 
 able and honored trustee, Mr. Sereno T. Merrill. But one 
 thing more was wanting as essential to the establishment, 
 permanent growth and usefulness of a Christian college, and 
 without which all else was in vain, viz., a cultured, scholarly, 
 devoted Christian faculty. 
 
 This was supplied the following year, when the now 
 sainted Professor Jackson J. Bushnell, and our beloved Pro- 
 fessor Joseph Emerson, classmates at Yale College, u par 
 nobile fratrum," were elected to professorships, the one of 
 mathematics and natural philosophy, and the other of Ian- 
 
Rev. G. F. S. Savage. 39 
 
 guages, and entered with enthusiasm and whole-hearted con- 
 secration upon their duties, doing the work of a whole 
 faculty. 
 
 Such was the small beginning. What have we now at 
 the end of a half century? 
 
 The board of trustees has been enlarged from sixteen to 
 thirty-two. Ten clergymen and twenty-two laymen: twenty 
 from Illinois and twelve from Wisconsin. Eighty-four in all 
 have served in this capacity : thirty-eight clergymen and forty- 
 six laymen, of which number forty were from Illinois, and 
 forty-four from Wisconsin ; of these twenty-six have finished 
 their earthly course and entered upon the reward of their 
 labors. Our campus has been enlarged and made both attract- 
 ive and useful. Grounds for the Women's department, re- 
 cently established, with their five cottages, have been secured, 
 also an ample athletic field. 
 
 In place of one solitary building, half-finished in 1847, 
 nearly a score of buildings adapted to various needs have 
 been erected. Among them the Memorial Library Building, 
 erected in memory of the patriot college students, over 400 
 in number, who enlisted in the Union Army, 4(> of whom 
 gave their lives for the life of the nation; Pearsons Hall of 
 Science, Chapin Hall, Scoville Academy, Smith Observatory, 
 and the beautiful Chapel, enduring monuments of the wise 
 and large-hearted generosity of the men and women, who 
 by princely gifts furnished the needful funds for their erec- 
 tion. 
 
 The College has in buildings and grounds, library and ap- 
 paratus, art and museum collections, property in the use of 
 the College of the estimated value of $380,000. Endow- 
 ment funds for the support of the College have multiplied 
 many-fold. Beginning a half century ago, without an en- 
 dowment of any kind, we now have the partially or fully 
 endowed professorships, named for the donors, of Williams, 
 Brinsmade, Squier, Root, Hale, Harwood, and Knapp; and 
 
40 The Early Trustees. 
 
 of permanent funds the Emerson, Colton, Talcott, Bushnell, 
 and Davis library funds; the Dodge educational fund; the 
 Logan prize fund; the Porter missionary fund; the Bacon 
 student's aid fund; theEldridge art fund; the Joseph Emer- 
 son fund; the Edward Ely fund; the Science Hall fund; 
 and largest of all, the D. K. Pearsons fund. Altogether, 
 assets of half a million, in addition to those before named. 
 
 But gratifying as is this result, the present imperative 
 needs of the College, to put it on a secure and permanent 
 basis, for its highest usefulness, demands that this amount 
 be duplicated. Can it not be? And at an early day? 
 
 Should I not add in this connection, that we have an hon- 
 est treasurer and assistant treasurer; sagacious, faithful and 
 experienced, to care for the funds entrusted to their keeping 
 and investment. 
 
 .We have a board of instruction, of whom Professor Emer- 
 son has spoken, increased from two in 1848 to twenty-three, 
 viz., seventeen professors and six instructors; able, scholarly 
 men, heartily devoted to the interests of the College, well 
 qualified to instruct, and under the lead of a president who 
 commands the highest respect, confidence and love of all as- 
 sociated with him, or who know him. 
 
 There has been gathered a well-selected library of 24,000 
 volumes and 7,000 pamphlets, and the various departments 
 of science are furnished with valuable apparatus, adapted to 
 their needs. 
 
 We have a large and loyal body of alumni, — the best liv- 
 ing capital of the College, — who have confidence in and love 
 for their alma mater, and are ever ready by purse and in- 
 fluence to aid in its highest development and usefulness. 
 The classes enrolled are largely increased in numbers. Over 
 four thousand students have at some time been connected 
 with the institution, and five hundred and twenty have gradu- 
 ated from it. 
 
 And what is of essential value, the College has behind it 
 
Rev. G. F. S. Savage. 41 
 
 an enlarged constituency, who have shown their love for it, 
 and their appreciation of the work which it has done, and is 
 doing, and it is embosomed in an intelligent community, who 
 have ever been ready, loyally to plan, and labor, and sacrifice 
 for its support. 
 
 And now with such a history as the College has behind 
 it, to inspire with faith, hope and courage; with grand possi- 
 bilities of enlargement and usefulness opening before it; with 
 a location unsurpassed in attractiveness; with a president to 
 lead in whose ability and wisdom all have confidence; with 
 a cultured, scholarly and Christian faculty; with a helpful 
 alumni, and a host of tried friends who will not desert it; 
 and with abiding faith in the continued favor of our ^God, 
 who has done great things for us in the past, may we not 
 enter upon another half-century with assured trust, and 
 joyful expectation, that Beloit College will continue to be 
 w.hat Dr. Pearsons has affirmed it now is, — u the brightest star 
 in the constellation of Western colleges"? 
 
EPOCHS IN THE HISTORY OF THE 
 COLLEGE. 
 
 PROFESSOR R. C. CHAPIN. 
 
 A noble continuity has characterized the life of the Col- 
 lege. The changes that mark the successive epochs in her 
 history have been changes, not in ends, but in the means of 
 attaining those ends. The College has moved with the 
 society in which it is placed. On the one hand, the rapid 
 development of the wealth of the country and the conquests 
 of inventive skill and scientific research have given her new 
 implements for training and teaching, and on the other 
 hand, the changing world of life without has made new de- 
 mands on those who are to bear a man's part in its affairs. 
 
 The College has felt the wonderful political and social 
 changes since 1847, and the scarcely less revolutionary 
 changes in educational methods during the same period. 
 But her aim has been the same, a "liberal, Christian educa- 
 tion.'" Her whole history is a consistent interpretation of 
 the motto upon her seal, "true science with pure faith." If 
 knowledge has claimed a wider scope, and faith a deeper 
 sacrifice, she has exhibited throughout the same steadfast 
 devotion to both. 
 
 We may distinguish four well-defined epochs in the life 
 of the institution, each of about twelve years. First is the 
 formative period, from 1847 to the election of Lincoln; then 
 the war period, extending, with its influences, down to about 
 1873; third, the period of intensive growth, to the inaugura- 
 tion of President Eaton in 1886; and finally the era of ex- 
 
Professor B. C. Chapin. 43 
 
 tensive growth with which the half-century'closes. 
 
 First we see the College of the New Northwest, located in 
 that territory which, admitted to the Union in 1848, made 
 a more rapid increase in population during the decade in 
 which the College was founded than any of her sister states. 
 Pioneer life finds expression in all the experiences of the 
 infant institution, both before and after the laying of the 
 corner-stone of Middle College, — the initial event in our 
 College era. 
 
 The instructive story of the genesis of the College has 
 often been recited, but it is fitting that it be reviewed once 
 more. Into the fertile prairies of Wisconsin and Illinois 
 were pouring, in the years following 1840, the sons of New 
 England. These settlers brought their ideas with them, 
 and were seeking, as rapidly as possible, to embody these 
 ideas in institutions which should both give them form for 
 the present and perpetuate them in the future. The higher 
 Christian education was one of these cherished ideas, dear to 
 their hearts from the first. In 1842 and 1843 at least two 
 definite plans were discussed in their ecclesiastical gather- 
 ings, and one for a college colony at Beaver Dam had made 
 considerable progress before its impracticability was demon- 
 strated. 
 
 The sentiment in favor of establishing a college was crys- 
 tallized into action by a convention at Cleveland, Ohio, in 
 June, 1844, at which representatives of all parts of the 
 Northwest discussed the religious needs of the whole region. 
 One evening at this convention was occupied by addresses 
 on behalf of the Society for the Promotion of Collegiate and 
 Theological Education at the West, organized in New York 
 in 1843. The secretary of this society, Rev. Theron Bald- 
 win, was a passenger on the steamer Chesapeake, which car- 
 ried homeward the delegates from beyond Lake Michigan. 
 A conference of seven of these men in the stateroom of 
 Stephen Peet, then agent for Wisconsin of the American 
 
44 Epochs in the History of the College. 
 
 Home Missionary Society, bore fruit in the calling of a con- 
 vention, which met at Beloit, Aug. 7, 1844, composed of 
 fifty-six delegates from Wisconsin, Illinois and Iowa. 
 
 The task before the convention was not only to rally an 
 interest in the founding of colleges for the rapidly growing 
 commonwealths, but also to secure the concentration of that 
 interest upon a few properly located institutions. Hence 
 the caution which prolonged the deliberations through three 
 subsequent conventions before the matter could be handed 
 over to the corporation, appointed by the last of the four in 
 October, 1845. 
 
 The first convention recommended the establishment of 
 one college for Iowa and of a college and a female seminary 
 for Northern Illinois and Wisconsin, "one to be located in 
 Northern Illinois contiguous to Wisconsin, and the other in 
 Wisconsin contiguous to Illinois." Iowa accordingly was 
 left to proceed by herself, and a committee of ten was ap- 
 pointed to receive propositions for a location for the Illinois- 
 Wisconsin college and report to the next convention in 
 October. 
 
 But at this second convention was developed some dissent 
 from the policy of uniting the two states in support of a 
 college near the border, and hence the question was referred 
 back to the churches, who were to express their mind in a 
 third convention, which met at Beloit, May 27, 1845. After 
 protracted discussion, the plan of one college and one female 
 seminary for the two states was re-affirmed by a vote of 
 sixty-three to one. This vote virtually decided also the 
 location of the college at Beloit, for Beloit was the border 
 town which had been in the minds of the leaders from the 
 outset, and her interest in the enterprise had been mani- 
 fested by an offer from her citizens of a site and $7,000, "to- 
 gether with their sympathies, prayers and future efforts.' 1 
 
 The convention therefore then passed as a matter of 
 course a resolution locating the college at Beloit, and ap- 
 
Professor R. C. Chapin. 45 
 
 pointed a committee of ten to draw up a charter and a list 
 of trustees, both to be presented to the fourth convention, 
 Oct. 21, 1845. This convention accepted the trustees and 
 charter as recommended, and left further arrangements, in- 
 cluding the locating of the seminary, in the hands of the 
 sixteen trustees.* 
 
 Eight of the sixteen were ministers, eight laymen; eight 
 were from Wisconsin, eight from Illinois; eight were Pres- 
 byterians, eight Congregationalists. Mr. Peet states that 
 the denominational distribution was an accident, while the 
 geographical location was carefully studied. A majority of 
 the ministerial incorporators, including Peet, Kent and 
 Chapin, were graduates of Yale, whose influence appears at 
 many points in the subsequent history. 
 
 The trustees immediately met, Oct. 23, 1845. After prayer 
 they chose Rev. Aratus Kent as president and Rev. Dexter 
 Clary as secretary. The charter fared hardly at the hands 
 of the territorial legislature, owing to influences unfavorable 
 to religion, if not to education. Amendments were inserted 
 restricting the sphere of operations to the town of Beloit, 
 and prohibiting religious tests. So dissatisfied were the' 
 trustees, that they voted (April 14, 1846) not to accept the 
 charter on these terms, but in October, finding that valuable 
 time would be lost by waiting for a new legislature, they 
 reconsidered their action and found that no practical diffi- 
 culties had been imposed by the amendments. 
 
 The formal organization completed, the college was ready 
 to take on the material and personal equipment for its work 
 of instruction. The lots comprising the most beautiful 
 part of the campus were deeded to the board, and the visitor 
 to the village in October, 1846, was shown, amid the brush, 
 the stakes that marked the ground-plan of Middle College. 
 At the laying of the corner-stone, June 24, 1847, Mr. Peet 
 
 *The names of the sixteen charter members head the list of the trustees as 
 printed in the appendix to this pamphlet. 
 
46 Epochs in the History of the College. 
 
 announced the gift from Hon. T. W. Williams, of New Lon- 
 don, Conn., of $10,000 in western lands to endow a professor- 
 snip.* 
 
 The organization of classes could not wait for the comple- 
 tion of the building nor the engagement of the professors 
 about whom much correspondence had already been carried on 
 The famous "Old Stone Church," which had sheltered the 
 conventions, offered its hospitable basement. The Beloit 
 Seminary, established in 1844, had candidates ready for the 
 freshman class, and its accomplished principal, Mr S T 
 Merrill, was ready to carry them along with their college 
 studies. Accordingly, Nov. 4, 1847, a class of four (within 
 a week increased to five) was admitted, after examination 
 by Mr Merrill and the trustees, to entrance upon a course 
 of study drawn up exactly on the Yale plan. 
 
 The founders of the College had realized, from the first, 
 that their reliance for the accomplishment of their high pur- 
 poses must be, not upon buildings nor endowments, but 
 upon men. And they chose well the men to whom they 
 entrusted the life of the new-born College. After Professor 
 Emerson s survey it is not necessary for me to do more than 
 to note the dates in 1848, when he and Professor Bushnell 
 entered upon their life-work for the College, the latter arriv- 
 ing ApHl 27 , the former May 24. The first president, 
 Kev. A. L. Chapin, was called from Milwaukee, Nov. 21st 
 1849, and inaugurated July 24, 1850. Professor Porter 
 came in 1852, and Professor Blaisdell in 1859 The har 
 mon.ous continuity already alluded to is due in large meas- 
 ure to the co-operation, for so long a period, of these men of 
 diverse gifts but kindred spirit. 
 
 The limits assigned me do not permit the tracing in detail 
 of the events of this pioneer epoch, now fairly inaugurated. 
 They were t he days of the picturesque, of the heroic. 
 
 S T T M < .f°,7p ftheg - V i n ? 0f th6Se '° tSto the CoU ^ei S told in the address of 
 L/ouecuon, lsyi, with a fac-simile of the original deed. 
 
Professor R. C. Chapin. 47 
 
 Knowledge was Greek, Latin and Mathematics. Prayers 
 began at 6 a. m. The president's chair embraced such duties 
 as the revision of freshman essays and the hearing of pre- 
 paratory Caesar. The Archaean Debating Society and the 
 Missionary Society, both organized before the first class had 
 gone very far, were the chief voluntary organizations. 
 These were the days of beginnings, and the beginnings were 
 sometimes small, but they were days of high endeavor, of 
 patient continuance, of faith and prayer. 
 
 By works, too, the friends of the College gave proof of 
 their faith. At the end of the first ten years the trustees 
 were able to report gifts amounting to $125,000, of which 
 $29,000 had been given by citizens of Beloit, and $31,500 by 
 other donors at the West, including the $10,000 which 
 Stephen Peet had solicited from home missionaries and their 
 parishioners. From the East had come $64,500, the largest 
 single gift being that of Mrs. Hale of Newburyport, who 
 gave lands which eventually were sold for $35,000. 
 
 The life of this period is reflected in its buildings; in 
 Middle College, our Plymouth Rock; in North College, a 
 younger sister of Yale's South Middle; in the Old Chapel, 
 where, though the interior might be severely plain, the 
 tossing tree-tops outside seemed to waft the prayers a little 
 nearer heaven. Plain living and high thinking are written 
 upon every wall of the trio, — written as well upon the forms 
 and character of those men whose presence was the living 
 power within the inert walls. 
 
 The work to which the early graduates addressed them- 
 selves was predominantly that of the Christian ministry. 
 The need of the world and of the newly-settled country, 
 threatened with the tendencies of immigration to barbarism, 
 impressed strongly upon these men the demand for the 
 message of the Gospel. 
 
 Meanwhile the nation has entered upon that struggle in 
 which the Northwest was to turn the tide of battle in favor 
 
48 Epochs in the History of the College. 
 
 of freedom and union. The College felt the thrill of the 
 conflict, Faith was now faith in country, God-given and 
 God-guided; knowledge was the discerning of the hour; 
 training was the teaching of the manual of arms. The 
 campus was filled at the recreation-hour, not with contend- 
 ing ball-players, but with drilling squads of recruits. 
 
 Beloit sent her four hundred heroes, her forty-six martyrs, 
 to the front, and the hero-spirit pervaded those who stayed 
 by the stuff at home, so that the daily routine was performed 
 with a new energy and fidelity. The impulse of this spirit 
 carried the College along for a dozen years from 1860, until 
 the last of her soldier-sons, — lieutenants, captains, colonels 
 of regiments, — had finished their academic preparation for 
 the works of peace. How the soldier-spirit carried them out 
 into the posts of danger to u follow the flag over the breast- 
 works 11 of the enemy of souls in Turkey and China and 
 Japan, T need not, in this presence, attempt to relate. 
 
 But how the College flourished in the years succeeding the 
 war may be seen in the catalogues with their lengthening 
 enrollment of students, and the names of those whose pres- 
 ence added strength to the faculty. In 1864 Professor 
 Blaisdell was transferred from the chair of rhetoric to that 
 of philosophy, and the College, after the faithful solicitation 
 of President Chapin had brought in fifty thousand dollars 
 from generous givers East and West, to increase its endow- 
 ment, declared its independence of the Education Society. 
 
 The same impulse was felt in undergraduate activities. 
 The Olympian Base-ball Club won the state championship 
 in 1867. A students' annual, called the "Palladium" at 
 first, later the "Register," was published from 1862 to 1871. 
 The daily prayer-meeting, which lived for twenty years, was 
 started in 1865 among those who had prayed together in the 
 camp. A reminiscence of the barracks was suggested by 
 the architecture of South College, built in 1868 to shelter 
 the increasing numbers, 
 
Professor R. C. Chapin. 49 
 
 A fitting crown of this period was the dedication in 1869 
 of Memorial Hall, erected by the gifts of many donors in 
 response to an appeal for one hundred dollars for each man 
 who had enlisted from the College. The soldiery in uni- 
 form, Old Abe, Wisconsin's war-eagle, the martial music, 
 the glowing oratory of Senator Carpenter, the classic elo- 
 quence of Professor Emerson, the booming of the minute- 
 guns, fired by student-veterans in honor of the dead, — all 
 bespoke what the College had learned and suffered, given 
 and gained, through the war. As we survey the record of 
 the College, we do not wonder that President Lincoln, shortly 
 before the surrender of Lee, testified to a friend that it was 
 the home missionaries and the college presidents who had 
 saved the Northwest to the Union and thereby saved the 
 Union itself.* 
 
 Succeeding the war-period came the years from 1873 to 
 the close of President Chapin's administration, in 1886, years 
 characterized rather by the gradual strengthening of the 
 College than by sudden changes or dramatic incidents, — the 
 period of intensive growth. 
 
 Three important tendencies appear in this epoch. The 
 first is the strengthening of the College by its own alumni, 
 now a body strong in numbers as well as in character. They 
 entrust their own sons to the care of Alma Mater, the first 
 of these being graduated in 1881. They contribute a fund 
 to endow an alumni professorship, and have begun to take 
 their places on the boards of trust and instruction. Profes- 
 sor Hendrickson, appointed in 1871, was the first of the 
 eleven graduates whom Beloit has called to full professor- 
 ships; Dr. J. Collie, elected in 1869, was the first alumni 
 trustee. 
 
 A second line of development shows the influence of 
 causes that were felt in all the educational institutions of 
 
 *The spirit and the record of the sons of Beloit in the war are fittingly set forth 
 by Professor Emerson, in Lectures vn. and vm. of his published " Lectures and 
 Sermons. 1 ' 
 
50 Epochs in the History of the College. 
 
 the country, tending to the introduction of more of natural 
 science and modern language at the expense of the classics 
 which had formed the main stay of the course of study. 
 The standard of admission was raised from time to time, to 
 correspond to the rise of standards at the East. Here a 
 term of Greek, there one of Latin, had already made way for 
 geology or history, and finally in 1873 a philosophical course 
 was laid out for those who knew not the sound of the limpid 
 Greek. Though containing less philosophy than the other 
 course, its name was justified by its originator on the ground 
 that it was arranged on philosophical principles. Few 
 chose it in those years, but it furnished its full share of men 
 of mark in college and in after life. The new chairs es- 
 tablished during this period were those of geology, astron- 
 omy and modern languages, and the scientific equipment of 
 the College was increased in many ways— especially by the 
 gift of the Smith Observatory, dedicated in 1883. This 
 building, the first to bear a name suggested by the donor, 
 was erected as a memorial to Mr. J. F. Smith by his sister 
 Mrs. J. S. Herrick. 
 
 We notice in the third place, as in other institutions at 
 this time, the diversification of undergraduate activities, and 
 it is interesting to observe how many of the features of col- 
 lege life that have since become so prominent had their be- 
 ginnings at Beloit in the thirteen years that we are now 
 considering. In 1875 the College Monthly, established in 
 1853, expands into the semi-monthly Round Table, and in 
 the same year Beloit wins second place in the first Interstate 
 Oratorical contest. The first fraternity was given recogni- 
 tion in 1880. The first Greek play to be performed, the 
 Antigone, was given in 1885, in what is now the reading- 
 room. 
 
 The first field-day was held in 1880; Beloit entered the 
 Western College Base-ball League in 1883; lawn-tennis ap- 
 peared in 1884. The Delian Band foreshadowed the merry 
 
Professor U. C. Chapin. 51 
 
 tinkle of the Mandolin Club, as did the Phi Beta Sigma 
 Quartette the Glee Club. The College yell was born May 2, 
 1884, on the eve of a tie-game of base-ball with the Univer- 
 sity of Wisconsin, and though of much less formidable di- 
 mensions than at present, its seven syllables formed the 
 basis of the chorus of to-day. 
 
 The enthusiasm of war-times found a parallel in the hearti- 
 ness with which the students took up the building of a gym- 
 nasium. The project was launched by the salutatorian of 
 '73, whose Latin speech was received with unwonted thunders 
 of applause as he closed with the words, which for more 
 than a year had been upon his lips, " gymnasium aedificandum 
 est. 1 ' The contributions were, like those for Middle College, 
 partly in days' works, and the Wednesday and Saturday half- 
 holidays saw groups of busy students wheeling gravel or 
 laying shingles. 
 
 The citizens of Beloit attested their loyalty to the College 
 by rallying once more and raising a subscription for the 
 remodeling of Middle College, which in 1880 was adorned 
 with its mansard roof and colonnaded front. Less conspicu- 
 ous, but no less important, were the additions made from 
 time to time to the endowment funds, which, by the close of 
 President Chapin's administration, amounted to nearly two 
 hundred thousand dollars. The largest gift of this period 
 was that of $20,000 from Mrs. Stone of Maiden, Mass. 
 
 We cannot but ask, as we see how new departments of 
 knowledge have taken their place beside the older discipline, 
 and how the training of the student by his fellows takes on 
 a corresponding diversity of forms, whether our good ship 
 has drifted away from the ideals of faith toward which her 
 framers set her course. The College generation that fol- 
 lowed the outgoing veterans of the war underwent a certain 
 reaction from the intensity of that mighty uplift of feeling, 
 but this was only a temporary reaction, and a recovery soon 
 ensued. The effect of social and intellectual movements in 
 
Epochs in the History of the College. 
 
 the world outside is reflected in the apportionment of the 
 graduates among the various callings. Of the alumni who 
 were graduated before 1876, 42 per cent, entered the minis- 
 try; of those graduated since that date, 22 per cent. On the 
 other hand, the teacher's profession shows an increase from 
 11 to 24 per cent., and the various forms of business activity 
 attracted 15 per cent, of the earlier graduates, 23 per cent, 
 or the later; while law, (15 per cent.), medicine, (7 per cent.), 
 and journalism, (4 per cent.), show almost the same propor- 
 tion m the two periods. 
 
 These figures mean, not that the ideals which the College 
 has held up have been lowered, but that she has shown her 
 sons how to to apply them over the wider fields that the in- 
 creasing specialization of knowledge and the new applica- 
 tion of science to industry are opening up to men of trained 
 minds and devoted hearts. Surely, of all her sons, none 
 nave proved themselves more loyal to the "Beloit idea," to 
 the faith that makes faithful," than those in business and 
 tne institutions of learning. 
 
 The following table, prepared by Professor Porter, is of 
 interest in this connection, showing, as nearly as can be ap- 
 proximated, the number of years of service rendered by Be- 
 loit alumni ,n the learned professions during the last half- 
 century: 
 
 ^ iniStCTS 'JE 
 
 Physicians ' 7g4 
 
 Layers ...'.'.'.'.'.'.'. 1440 
 
 Teachers }'**" 
 
 Editors ••'•'•'••.'.'.'.'.'•'.'::::;::::::;;;;:;; 'Z 
 
 Totai ~^i 
 
 In 1886 Dr. Chapin, after thirty-six years of service in the 
 president's chair, resigned, and his mantle fell upon his 
 chosen successor, Rev. Edward Dwight Eaton. Under his 
 leadership the College entered upon its fourth epoch, that 
 
Professor R. C. Chapin. 53 
 
 era of rapid expansion in which we all rejoice. The histor- 
 ian of the centennial year will be better able than we to 
 trace the continuity of development, but I am sure that he 
 will find that the changes of this period have been only an 
 enlarged expression of the purpose of the founders. Elec- 
 tive courses, laboratory methods in all departments, the 
 array of modern buildings, substantial, convenient, beauti- 
 ful, the culture afforded by contact with art and music, — 
 these are not incompatible with a liberal Christian educa- 
 tion, but are the long-looked-for aids in its better attain- 
 ment. 
 
 It was because this expansion meant the magnifying of 
 the old ideas that every one connected with the College, 
 trustees, alumni, students, friends, rallied so heartily in re- 
 sponse to the challenge of Dr. D. K. Pearsons in 1889. As 
 Professor Blaisdell heard at his gate the cheers that came 
 from the old Chapel as the students pledged the money that 
 many of them would have to earn themselves, he recognized 
 the spirit of the boys of the war-times. The zeal of others 
 was kindled by the enthusiasm of the students, and to the 
 $100,000 which Dr. Pearsons had offered was added more 
 than an equal sum, including the gift from Mr. J. W. 
 Scoville of $25,000 for the comely Academy building that 
 bears his name, and 810,000 for its endowment from the 
 citizens of Beloit. 
 
 Other buildings followed. Chapin Hall, built and chris- 
 tened by Dr. Pearsons, was completed in 1891." The beauti- 
 ful new Chapel, costing $35,000, given by Mrs. M. R. Doyon 
 and others, was dedicated in 1892, and the tones of the pipe- 
 organ which Mrs. H. Story placed within it called into be- 
 ing the musical department of the College. The vacating 
 of the old Chapel building left quarters there for another 
 new department, art, which has been enriched by numerous 
 gifts, including the casts sent by the Greek government to 
 the World's Fair in 1893, presented by L. G. Fisher, Jr., and 
 
54 Epochs in the History of the College. 
 
 an endowment of $10,000 from Mrs. Azariah Eldridge. 
 
 Meanwhile, the urgent need of the College for an enlarged 
 equipment for the teaching of the natural sciences had 
 been appreciated, and Dr. Pearsons gave 860,000 for the 
 erection of a Hall of Science, and Mr. Wm. E. Hale an 
 equal sum, $50,000 being for endowment. The building, 
 named for the donor, was ready for use in 1893, and in that 
 year Mr. F. G. Logan equipped its museum with the valu- 
 able Rust archaeological collection. Hon. Wait Talcott had 
 previously provided a fund for the purchase of scientific 
 books. The chairs of astronomy and botany were endowed, 
 in honor, respectively, of Edward Ely, Esq., and of Mrs.' 
 Cornelia Bailey Williams. 
 
 Along with science and art, other departments have not 
 been overlooked by the generous friends of this later period. 
 The endowment of the chair of oratory by Hon. J. H. Knapp 
 was completed. Mrs. S. D. Warren, a life-long friend of 
 Professor Blaisdell, made a large addition to the endowment 
 of his chair of philosophy. E. P. Bacon, Esq., has provided a 
 scholarship fund of $20,000, and a generous legacy for the 
 same purpose was received from the estate of Rev. Joseph 
 Emerson, of Andover, Mass., while the gift of Mr. and Mrs. 
 C. B. Stowell opened the way for the admission of women to 
 the privileges of the institution. 
 
 This increase of Beloit's material equipment was accom- 
 panied by a great enlargement of the opportunities which 
 she was able to place within reach of her students. The 
 course of study was enriched. Occasional options had been 
 offered before 1886, but in that year the courses were reor- 
 ganized with the introduction of a large number of electives 
 in the later years of study. Instructors in art and music 
 were in 1893 added to the faculty, whose numbers had in 
 ten years increased from fourteen to twenty-four. 
 
 With the completion of Pearsons Hall in 1893, it was 
 possible to open a Science Course, incorporating not only 
 
Professor R. C. Chap'rn. 55 
 
 results but also methods of investigation, and to carry yet 
 further Beloit's standards of character and scholarship in 
 the fields where they had been so conspicuously exhibited 
 already under less favorable auspices. 
 
 To enjoy the enlarged advantages now offered by the Col- 
 lege, an increasing throng of students sought her doors, as 
 her ranks were recruited from affiliated academies and ac- 
 credited high schools. With the growth of the Beloit Acad- 
 emy to the full capacity of Scoville Hall, the policy of de- 
 veloping preparatory schools in the vicinity into feeders of 
 the College was begun with encouraging success, while, on 
 the other hand, provision was made for recognizing the fact 
 that the best High Schools of the region now do full pre- 
 paratory work. In 1895 women were admitted to the Col- 
 lege classes and Stowell Cottage was opened for their accom- 
 modation. When President Eaton's administration began 
 there were 58 students in the College proper; in 1889 there 
 were 97; in 1897, 196. 
 
 The diversification of student life, already begun, is car- 
 ried further with the increase of attendance. Class-day be- 
 comes an established institution from 1886. The Glee Club 
 makes its first concert tour in 1889. A new series of oratori- 
 cal victories encourages the wearers of the gold. The Greek 
 play attains the dignity of an annual public performance. 
 A College Annual appears again in 1889, after the battles 
 over the Register have been forgotten. The fraternity 
 houses add their charms to the social life of the students. 
 A regular instructor in athletics is added to the faculty in 
 1894 by the efforts of the students, and a place on the team 
 now means, not a little desultory practice, but persistent 
 hard work. Yet amid all these distractions, the worth of 
 honest manhood never found readier recognition, the pro- 
 portion of students dependent on their own exertions was 
 never greater. 
 
 Numbers have increased, courses have been multiplied, 
 
56 Epochs in the History of the College. 
 
 facilities have been amplified. Has the growth in knowl- 
 edge been at the cost of faith? Time alone can tell. But 
 judging from such indications as the interest in the Sunday 
 vespers, the hush of reverent affection which greets the men- 
 tion of Professor Blaisdell's name, or from the cordial unani- 
 mity of conviction among the members of the faculty, and 
 the spirit in which recent graduates are finding and doing 
 their work in the world, we rejoice to believe that the Col- 
 lege is not to erase but to magnify the larger half of her 
 motto. 
 
 The experiences of each succeeding epoch have demon- 
 strated the value of the ideals of the foundeis, the strength 
 of the foundations that they laid. Each period has found 
 the College responsive to the changing demands made upon 
 her by the advancement of knowledge and by the new forms 
 of duty to which, with social development and change, faith 
 has prompted. "The past at least is secure." The future is 
 with God. But if the College shall be true to God's plan 
 for her as revealed in her history, if she shall still teach 
 men to read God's truth, to read man's need, and to live the 
 truth into the life of the world, who dare doubt that the 
 future too is secure with God and those whom He shall call 
 to carry on her work? 
 
 The prophetic words with which Dr. Chapin closed his 
 account of the "Origin and Early Progress of the College," 
 delivered fifty years ago at the laying of the corner-stone of 
 Middle College, hold good for us to-day: "With faith in- 
 spired by past experience, in connection with the firm prom- 
 ises of God, we address ourselves to the difficulties before us. 
 with confident hope that He who has thus led us by ways 
 that we knew not, will perfect the work that He has per- 
 mitted us to begin and make it redound to His glory and the 
 good of men." 
 
 
POEM. 
 
 SAMUEL T. KIDDER, CLASS OF 1873. 
 MENASHA. 
 
 In Memory of Professor James J. Blaisdell. 
 
 O Mother, kind, who tenderly hast borne 
 
 Upon thy gentle heart, these two score years 
 
 And ten, and nurtured into man's estate 
 
 Thy generations who have come and passed, 
 
 Who toiling walk earth's dusty roads afar 
 
 With never waning love and faith for thee;— 
 
 Mother, who bear'st to-day with queenly grace 
 
 Thy green half-century's crown of olive-leaf, 
 
 Entwined by loyal sons, yet wear'st no less 
 
 The bloom and smile of fresh, unwrinkled youth;— 
 
 Like children tired of play, breathless and flushed, 
 
 We wander home, back from life's reeking mists 
 
 And blinding whirl, all gratefully content 
 
 To soothe ourselves, spending one little hour 
 
 In thy embrace. 
 
 O College home, beloved, 
 Fair stand thy walls and pinnacles to-day, 
 From small beginnings rising into power 
 And comeliness, within God's sheltering hand. 
 In thee the whole round world is blest; and still 
 Blessed the labors wrought within thy doors. 
 Deep underneath thy visible structures, lie 
 Foundations sure and strong, whereon are graven 
 Rare histories of courage, prayer and hope 
 In earlier days. Ask you what stones are these? 
 Not quarried granite, massive marble cubes, 
 
58 In Memory of Professor James J. Blaisdell. 
 
 Not jasper, chrysoprase, nor emerald 
 
 Nor amethyst; but costlier far than all — 
 
 Heroic souls, laid down through strenuous years 
 
 Of sacrifice and labor, love bestowed, 
 
 For the great Kingdom's service. Lives sublime, 
 
 Self-builded into an immortal fabric, 
 
 Based on the Rock of Ages; — "Living Stones," 
 
 Impregnable to all attacks of time. 
 
 Such lives, to-day, we reverence in our song. 
 
 Some linger yet, whose whitening heads, to us, 
 Wear halos — late returning to the Heavens; 
 But whose dear faces shine, as touched afar 
 Already with the splendors of a dawn 
 Celestial. 
 
 Some have passed into the lands 
 Serene and vernal, where the sons of God 
 See as He sees and know as they are known; 
 Whose works do follow them. 
 
 To one of these, 
 With throbs of grief subdued by thankfulness, 
 This day of days we join in tender tribute. 
 
 He stood here, one brief year ago, 
 
 A form with kingly eye and mien; 
 A prince of men, he walked with God 
 Through pregnant years, then strangely trod 
 A pathway dark with pain and awe, 
 Into the realm unseen. 
 
 Here, where vast streams of empire meet, 
 He came, in manhood's sturdy prime, 
 
 And threw his wealth of mind and heart 
 
 Into high contest to impart 
 
 To young lives, crude and incomplete, 
 Enthusiasms sublime. 
 
 The heights of faith, the breadths of law, 
 Fair Nature's page devoutly read, 
 
 Had schooled him for his high career; 
 
 Till, with the vision of the seer, 
 
 The child's simplicity, he saw 
 How noblest souls are bred. 
 
Samuel T. Kidder, 59 
 
 Deep on his mighty heart, he bore 
 
 This College, and its task divine 
 Of forging character. His love 
 Shrank from no sacrifice, but strove 
 With Heavenly flame to shape rough ore 
 
 Into a temper fine. 
 
 He read men's souls with insight clear 
 
 And found their best. His eye of flame, 
 That melted ever to a smile, 
 The uncouth and timid could beguile 
 To dare brave deeds and persevere, 
 
 The headstrong gently tame. 
 
 Sure was his friendship, warm his hand, 
 
 The awkward, homesick lad to cheer. 
 His measure of the man was true; 
 His kindly counsels stirred anew 
 In every soul that touched him, grand 
 
 Ideals and plans sincere. 
 
 Scant use he found for text-book lines, 
 
 Learned fads, scholastic subtleties — 
 Mere surface culture; — from within 
 He wrought, with master touch, to win 
 Sense, mind and will to high designs, 
 
 Unmarred by sophistries. 
 
 The best he gave us was himself. 
 
 His great soul our ambitions drew 
 Up manhood's loftier grades and modes, 
 Toward life's best aims, — at antipodes 
 From passion, pride and lust for pelf, 
 
 The endless life in view. 
 
 Full learned in many a tongue was he; 
 
 Arts, sciences, philosophies, 
 Wide realms of letters, history's lore, 
 Poesy, politics, all bore 
 Him wealth; yet blent in one great plea 
 
 For Christlike sympathies. 
 
 Rich meanings to all life he gave; 
 All souls he would to fitness bring, 
 " Trained by experiences here, 
 
60 in Memory of Professor James J. Blaisdell 
 
 For any work in any sphere." 
 A man, indeed, "who sought to have 
 The Christ in everything." 
 
 For, larger than his calling here, 
 
 His heart went out to all men's need; — 
 The poor, the untaught, the manacled, 
 The orphaned waif, God's toilers held' 
 Bv tyrannies.— His voice rang clear, 
 Mercy and truth to plead, 
 
 No cause of justice found him dumb; 
 Nor civic wrong nor social sin. 
 The workman and the little child 
 Knew him their friend and, grateful, smiled. 
 Statesman and jurist loved to come 
 His skilled advice to win. 
 
 Deep in his soul God's Kingdom dwelt. 
 
 He yearned to broaden its domain, 
 In fields unblest, on pagan strands. 
 More reapers for white harvest-lands 
 He longed to send and, praying, dealt 
 
 To share their loss or gain. 
 
 I see him in his class-room still, 
 
 With face now smiling, now severe; 
 No listless eye nor reckless mood 
 He suffered; well he understood 
 To rouse dull mind, to nerve weak will 
 
 And shape the concept clear. 
 I see him in his study chair, 
 
 Wrapped in an atmosphere serene; 
 His favorite books — of themes world-wide, 
 Pictures and keepsakes by his side; 
 Or roaming with a thoughtful air 
 Through forest archways green. 
 I see him in the chapel hall, 
 
 His voice of rich-toned pathos hear 
 Interpreting God's word anew, 
 Then, lifted in such prayer as threw 
 A spell of awe around us all, 
 Till Heaven's gate seemed near. 
 
 
Samuel T. Kidder. 01 
 
 Aud still our hearts delight to stroll 
 O'er happy trails of bygone days; 
 Again, in sweet companionship, 
 We clasp his hand; our spirits dip 
 Into the deep springs of his soul, 
 Along life's thirsty ways. 
 
 Can he be dead, this royal one; 
 
 And has he gone beyond our ken? 
 
 His thrilling voice, his potent pen, 
 Must they be missed till time is done? 
 
 So strong, so true, so kind, so great,— 
 "God's will" the token on his shield- 
 He, martyred, fell, yet won the field 
 
 Whose victory only seemed defeat. 
 
 The oaken wreath upon his door, 
 The grave with autumn splendors spread, 
 The bowed processions with their dead, 
 
 The sweet hymns chanted o'er and o'er, 
 
 The eulogies, so poor at best; — 
 All these are but the outward signs 
 Of grief profound, of love's deep lines 
 
 Graven in hearts that wish him rest. 
 
 Rest — after toils without surcease, 
 Burdens he would to none confess; 
 Out of an " infinite distress." 
 
 Swift passage to God's endless peace. 
 
 What load of hearts on him was laid; 
 
 What serious problems of the state; 
 
 The needs of men, the Kingdom's weight! 
 He stood like Atlas, undismayed ; 
 
 Till, weary, overborne with pain, 
 
 Strange shadows crushed him to the ground ; 
 
 Sharp lightenings, from a gloom profound, 
 Thrust to his heart and left him slain. 
 
 And broken is the golden bowl, 
 Loosed is the silver cord. Not here 
 
62 
 
 In Memory of Professor James J. Blaisdell 
 
 His face will smile, his voice will cheer; 
 We miss the music of his soul. 
 
 The moonbeams flood the amber skies, 
 The still stars shine, the days speed on; 
 We toil, bereft, since he hath gone 
 
 Where kindlier spheres his service prize. 
 
 He is not dead. His life throbs on 
 In souls uncounted, whom he blessed 
 With sight and power, in rich behest, 
 
 Whose potency is scarce begun. 
 
 In those far fields of dazzling sheen 
 Where he for aye doth walk in light 
 With kindred spirits, robed in white, 
 
 We'll learn, perchance, what this can mean. 
 
 O, mother-queen, thy day hath well begun! 
 
 Rich legacies from the dear past are thine; 
 
 God send thee myriads more of gifts benign, 
 
 Advancing stately toward thy zenith sun. 
 Thine be, at length, the Master's sweet "well-done." 
 
 Let nothing swerve thee from thy great design, 
 
 Young lives to lead, enlighten and refine. 
 
 God speed, thy golden century's course to run! 
 A noble host of witnesses on high, 
 
 With legions of thy loyal children nigh, 
 
 Look on to cheer thee and to reenforce. 
 May grace be thine and all divine resource — 
 
 Fruitions that surpass all prophecy; 
 
 More lustrous crowns thy head to glorify. 
 
THE LIFE OF THE COLLEGE 
 IN BUSINESS LIFE. 
 
 P. F. PETTIBONE, M. A., CLASS OF 1862. 
 
 This is a great day for Queen Beloit and Queen Victoria. 
 A great day for the sons of old England, bidden everywhere 
 to jubilee; a great day for those who, because sons of old 
 England and of New England and new New England, are 
 become henceforth, thank God, sons of America; a great 
 day (shall we even say a greater day?) for us, of these the 
 select and fortunate, who — best of all our genealogical good 
 fortune — can greet as our Cherishing Mother that fair 
 daughter of the New England whom to-day we hail as 
 queen. 
 
 To our quiet college home, as well as to the ancient city 
 across the sea, u the ends of the world are come.' 1 It is not 
 our fault that two queens thus distract a world's attention 
 and homage. Every queen has some rights that other 
 queens are bound to respect, notably rights of primogeniture 
 and precedence. Victoria should have remembered that, 
 fifty years before she was crowned, Queen Beloit was or- 
 dained by the " 'Ordainance' of 1787." It should have been 
 remembered, also, that in that very June of 1837, when Vic- 
 toria was being crowned, wise men from the East, mindful 
 of the prophetic ordainment, were providing a worthy home 
 for our queen by gaining possession of this garden, which, 
 as our beloved Emerson says, " the Lord planted westward 
 in Wisconsin at the same time that He planted a garden 
 eastward in Eden," that so the man of Eden, when suffi- 
 
64 
 
 The Life of the College in Business Life. 
 
 c.ently prepared, might come to Beloit College. Victoria 
 should have remembered, also, that at the very time when 
 she was celebrating her tin anniversary Queen Beloit was 
 teep»Hont e rcr.wn and setting up her little court, 
 and that therefore Beloifs golden jubilee must interfere 
 with Victoria's diamond jubilee. 
 
 At this very hour of England's day, from the dome of St. 
 faul s the calm centuries look down upon a royal pageant 
 -the kingdoms of the world and the glory of them, in 
 stately procession, winding past towards London Bridge - 
 wh.Ie land after land joins mighty England's mighty chorus, 
 God Save he Queen." It is, perhaps, the most imposing 
 and spectacular demonstration of love and loyalty and might 
 which the world has ever seen. 
 
 In sharp contrast of external show, but with no prophetic 
 undertone of dissent, with a sincerity that knows no doubt, 
 a confidence that knows no misgiving, a loyalty absolute 
 and covetous of service, with hearts full of dear memories, 
 full of pr.de and hope, full of a love that is full of gladness 
 lull of a gladness that is yet full of tears, the sons of Beloit 
 return from many quests in many lands to this dear place, 
 that once again upon their heads may rest the touch of 
 blessing, and that in simple speech and simple form, with 
 holy prayer and holy hymn, and holy thought, they may 
 bless this golden day that crowns in jubilee a half century 
 othdehtyto coronation vows. "This golden day of fifty 
 years, did I say ? Rather should I say "these fiftv years of 
 golden days; golden, every one, in the harvest of its 
 hours, golden in its opportunities, experiences and achieve- 
 ments, golden in its untarnished and untarnishable honor 
 and truth, golden in its unswerving standard of value, golden 
 in the small compass of its munificent wealth, golden in its 
 unngs to untiring devotion and heroic patience, golden in 
 the quality of its life and thought-of its teachings and in- 
 spirations. " " 
 
P. F. Pettibone. 65 
 
 A few of those golden years fell into the lives of each of 
 us, and then, so long ago, when all the world looked golden, 
 with alma mater's benediction upon us and to follow us, we 
 went forth to seek place and work. Returning now, with 
 these rejoicings, each is telling what those years have meant 
 to him in the world which he has found. 
 
 It is entirely consistent with the attitude and the educa- 
 tional theories of Beloit, that on an occasion which thus not 
 only celebrates an epoch, but exemplifies a history, there is 
 honorable recognition of the world of business affairs, as 
 well as of the world of the professions and of advanced 
 scholarship. This College, from its foundation, has stood 
 for thorough scholarship. It has never lowered its standards 
 to ease or shorten the way to a degree. It has advanced, 
 never receded. It has broadened and strengthened its course 
 in the departments which bear most directly upon the great 
 social and political problems; it has enlarged the opportun- 
 ities for scientific investigation, but it has never modified its 
 curriculum of solid, legitimate college work to meet a whim- 
 sical demand for so-called practical education. From what 
 wild educational excesses and extravagances its poverty may 
 have saved it, I do not say. I would be willing, however, 
 to risk its discretion, even with a half million additional en- 
 dowment. The College seems, somehow, to believe that the 
 sort of education which it stands for, and always has stood 
 for, is practical education. President Eaton in his inaugu- 
 ral address ten years ago says, "The education which Beloit 
 College gives must be, as heretofore, a practical education; 
 that is, it must be fitted to the needs of the present genera- 
 tion; it must fit its students to serve the present age." 
 " Present need/ 1 "' Present service.' 1 There is surely noth- 
 ing of the medieval, the utopian or the dilettante about this 
 declaration. Blaisdell, the beloved and lamented, only ex- 
 pands the horizons of the thought when he says, " I desire 
 to be so trained by the experiences of this life as to be fitted 
 
66 
 
 The Life of the College in Business Life. 
 
 for an yserT] ce ,n any world." Herein are expressed the 
 Beloit theory, the Beloit aspiration, the Beloit endeavor. 
 And so when a subject is suggested which, on this day of 
 jubdee those who come from the life of business may make 
 the vehicle of their congratulations and thanksgivings, there 
 is a significance in the very statement of the theme. I know 
 not how it could have been more accurately and suggestively 
 formu a e than in the very words in which it /given me 
 — Ihe Life of the College in Business Life." 
 
 The theme assumes and recognizes and emphasizes the 
 existence of a distinctive life of the college; a sou l, which 
 pervades and informs all the purpose and work of the col- 
 lege and is more than the things in which it deals, even as 
 the life is more than meat and the body than raiment." 
 I assumes that the college fulfills her destinv and perpetu- 
 ates her hfe according as, and only as, she 'transfuses this 
 life into the bosoms of her sons, and nourishes it there to 
 such growth as may promise survival and development 
 
 It implies that the college which does not implant life as 
 well as impart knowledge, to the extent in which therein it 
 tails -fails lamentably, however large the attendance, how- 
 ever rich the endowments, however learned the faculty 
 however ample the facilities. 
 
 It suggests that the student may gain many things in his 
 college and yet fail to absorb from or through the college 
 
 vaLT S M * r hiCh al ° De CaD ^ Ve highest practical 
 value to all the rest. 
 
 It implies further that a college, poor in everv endowment 
 save its rich mental, moral and spiritual life, may yet send 
 out the lines of its influence through all the earth Dart- 
 mouth, eighty years ago, was a small college, but the great 
 Webster was nurtured there, and perhaps his eloquence was 
 never more effective than when he moved the great Chief 
 Justice to tears, saying with choking voice, " It is a small 
 college, but, sir, there are those who love it." 
 
P. F. Pettibone. 67 
 
 The question, then, concerns, not so much what a college 
 imparts as what it implants; not so much the armor and the 
 arms which she may gird upon her son, as the life behind 
 helmet and corselet and good right arm, which she may in- 
 spire. 
 
 And so, as from time to time the sons come home 
 from their varied quests, our alma mater has the right 
 to ask, as with deep concern she does ask, u How fares 
 my life in yours?" Perhaps she asks this question with 
 deepest solicitude of us who come from business pursuits, 
 because many still challenge the economy of a college train- 
 ing in business. The sneer at the " scholar in business' 1 is, 
 however, disappearing, as is that other sneer at the a scholar 
 in politics. " The changing conditions of business, the new 
 and complex problems, commercial, political, social, econ- 
 omic, which confront business men as individuals and asso- 
 ciations, on the one hand, and, on the other, a clearer con- 
 ception of what a college education means — of the little it 
 means in comparison with the vast unexplored — are causing 
 men to recast their opinions. A recent issue of the Chicago 
 Tribune had on one page an able editorial endorsing colleges 
 and their influence in practical affairs, and on another page 
 a paper, recently read at a convention of bankers, advocat- 
 ing the establishment of post-graduate schools to fit men 
 more thoroughly for certain special lines of business admin- 
 istration. 
 
 But what is this life which the true college has and from 
 which it gives? Cold analysis will not discover it. No re- 
 finement of definition can adequately reveal it. You who 
 look back upon these years know what it is better than I 
 can tell you or you can tell me. This we know that it is a 
 real life and a manly, wholesome life. Perhaps if we say 
 brain-life, heart-life, soul-life, giving to each its broadest 
 and fullest significance, with the emphasis always on life, 
 and think of these, not as struggling to keep alive, but as 
 
68 The Life of the College in Business Life. 
 
 in large and strong development, and in just the right com- 
 bination, we are come as close as we may to what we mean 
 by the life of the college, on the college side. Consider, for 
 instance, intellectual life. My thought is that a man may 
 know a good deal and still be intellectually dull. He may 
 do his college work in a perfunctory way; certain mental 
 faculties may be developed and still be inert. The great 
 teacher is the one who awakens as well as instructs; who 
 stirs the mind to eager life, so that by what it feeds on and 
 does it grows not only large but strong, and not only strong 
 but active. I do not mean simply a mental alertness, a 
 smartness that counts for something in business life. I 
 mean a mind alive, not to petty things, but to great things. 
 A mind that hungers and thirsts: a mind that grasps and 
 analyzes and constructs and formulates. But an intellectual 
 life, however strong and eager, must have also the guidance 
 of high moral principles, quick moral perceptions, the in- 
 centive of high sentiments and ideals. These can not be 
 imparted by maxim. They must be implanted in the life 
 and grow with the life. And then there is the culture of 
 the divinely implanted spiritual life — the spirit which is 
 life. I pity the young man who can dwell for four beauti- 
 ful years in an atmosphere so surcharged with inspirations 
 and not feel within him the stirrings of a nobler life. 
 
 A college education, therefore, implies uot only mental 
 and moral furnishment and development, but these'so ener- 
 gized and sensitized by the life of the college as to promise 
 not only survival but further development and valuable re- 
 sult. 
 
 My theme thus denned greatly simplifies the old question 
 of the influence, valuable or otherwise, of a college educa- 
 tion upon a business career. If you ask, does a college 
 course help a man in business? I answer, that depends on 
 the college and on the man. If the man goes to college 
 because it has become the proper thing to do, and is satisfied 
 
P. F. Pettibone. 69 
 
 to emerge with a Greek letter pin, a banjo and (possibly) a 
 sheepskin; or, if he comes out clogged and crammed with a 
 lot of lifeless erudition; if, like the man from the desert, he 
 gets a brief revelation of himself in the mirror -of truth, and 
 then straightway forgetteth what manner of man he is, 
 then I think it makes small difference either way. But if 
 you ask, does the life of the college have worthy place and 
 abundant scope in the life of a business man? Then I an- 
 swer unhesitatingly, yes. Life is just what business must 
 have. We say nowadays, " There is no life in business.' 1 
 Why? Because there has not been enough brain-life and 
 heart-life and spirit-life put into it; because false theories 
 have led to wrong policies and threaten worse; because men 
 have measured success only in money, and have sometimes 
 forgotten to be just. 
 
 "What!" says the man who still supposes that colleges 
 exist chiefly for candidates for the ministry, " devote four 
 years of these fleeting and unworthy lives to Greek and 
 Latin and philosophy, and then be only a business man." 
 " Only a business man! " I forgive the implication. Doubt- 
 less there are other pursuits nobler than to buy and sell and 
 get gain, but business is, and must be, the life of the 
 world, and these higher lives are nobler, if nobler, only be- 
 cause their aim is to make the business life nobler and 
 higher. They work from the outside. Why not help from 
 the inside? 
 
 "What!' 1 says the arrogant and ignorant " self-made " 
 man (a few of him still survive) " four years in college 
 when the boy ought to be at work, earning money and mak- 
 ing a man of himself, same as I did." Ah! my friend, it is 
 because money does not make manhood, because business 
 success is not measured wholly by bank accounts, because I 
 want my boy to be not only a good business man, but some- 
 thing more, to be an intelligent, broad-minded, high-minded, 
 good-hearted, cultured Christian gentleman that I shall send 
 him to Beloit. 
 
70 The Life of the College in Business Life. 
 
 If however you ask, " Is a college education essential to 
 highest and truest success in business or happiness in life?" 
 We as promptly answer, "No." And while, as befits the 
 occasion and the theme, we to-day exalt the college and con- 
 gratulate the college man, by contrast we salute with deepest 
 reverence the splendid men, so many in our business life, who, 
 without the early impulse of a college course, by assiduous 
 study in the " university of the world, 1 ' by long hours in 
 their libraries after long days of toil, by every careful cul- 
 ture and every developing use, have trained their powers far 
 beyond the farthest point that the close of a college course 
 can reach, and are entitled to the highest college honors. 
 In presence of such men (and this platform is honored by 
 some of them) the alumnus, who long ago ceased distinctive 
 and persistent mental work, may well keep silence. These 
 are the sort of " self-made men" whom the world delights 
 to honor. A man does not advance through successive 
 stages of highest responsibility and usefulness as a banker, 
 and of recognition as a citizen in many ways of public serv- 
 ice, from bank messenger at fourteen years of age to be the 
 secretary of the treasury, in whose wisdom a nation puts its 
 trust, to whose utterances the whole business world listens 
 with hope, except that to him his library has been more than 
 a whole college course to most men. In honoring such a 
 man a college honors itself and its country, and such a name 
 writ large upon the records of Beloit, is most fitting 
 acknowledgment of a real " Life of the College in Business 
 Life." 
 
GREETINGS EROM PROFESSIONAL LIFE. 
 
 WALTER S. HAVEN, M. 1)., CLASS OF 1887, 
 Racine. 
 
 In an age of intense activity and of diverse pursuits, when 
 often the clash of contending interests is heard, it is well to 
 pause a moment in the strife till the smoke of battle lifts 
 away, that a clear and larger vision may be had. And on 
 this glorious and sacred day which marks the fiftieth anni- 
 versary of our alma mater, we rejoice to bring our greetings 
 fresh from the field of conflict and to declare once more our 
 allegiance and our loyalty. For though time and space 
 may have taken from you the sons who once were under 
 your instruction, yet they belong to you still and must ever 
 live beneath your sway. It is true, they may long since have 
 said farewell, and left the places which they used to fill to 
 be filled by others, and the haunts which they used to fre- 
 quent to be visited by others, and may have handed down to 
 the keeping of their successors the sacred traditions of col- 
 lege life, yet they cannot escape the influence of their col- 
 lege training, or outlive its perennial blessings. Wherever 
 and whenever the human mind is devoted to the pursuit of 
 truth, whether that devotion be in professional or other 
 lines, there and then can the college ever find her most 
 ardent advocates to champion the cause of education. 
 
 For there can be no real isolation between any of the call- 
 ings of life. Each exists for all, and partakes in its move- 
 ment of the harmony of all. The specialist must still ever 
 be the priest of universal truth. And since truth is an or- 
 
72 Greetings from Professional Life. 
 
 ganic whole, complete knowledge of any part sweeps into 
 its scope a knowledge of the whole, and demands of the stu- 
 dent of every branch, his allegiance to every other. So the 
 great scholar and the broad-minded man is he who " leads a 
 universal life with the truth he sees," and brings his special 
 work into harmony with the world of truth outside. In this 
 broad view, all professions and trades and walks in life, nd 
 longer isolated by the cold and selfish barriers of independ- 
 ence, are brought into a wondrous unity, when each can feel 
 the thrill of the power it derives from all. 
 
 It is folly therefore to imagine, that a college course might 
 without loss be dispensed with in taking up the pursuit of 
 professional life. With a noble and ambitious nature, yearn- 
 ing to realize all the possibilities of being, there can be no 
 divorce between general and special training. True eminence 
 in any field of labor will tax to the uttermost the energies 
 of even trained minds, and he will strive in vain, who seeks 
 to supply the great wants of his being through the narrow 
 avenues of a one-sided nature. 
 
 We came not here to-day to construct with argument and 
 logic a defense of college training. Far be it from us to de- 
 fend the right of existence of our alma mater! There needs 
 no defense: nor do we seek to justify again to ourselves and 
 before the world the toil, and struggle and self-sacrifice of 
 fifty years. We have but to point to the glorious record 
 and every hostile tongue will remain silent. It is for us 
 only to give testimony to the untold value of a college 
 course in giving breadth and depth and power to the pur- 
 suits of after life. It is for us rather, to consecrate our- 
 selves anew to the spirit which multiplies temples of learn- 
 ing in every land and in every clime. And looking back- 
 ward to-day across the years to our college days, we declare 
 again and again that we made no mistake when we took up 
 the duties, burdens and struggles of college life. Xo, by 
 all that we value most in life; by the hopes that were 
 
Walter S. Haven. 73 
 
 wakened within us, and by the blessings already received; 
 by the lessons of patience and toil, of purpose and manhood 
 which the years have taught; by all these and more do we 
 declare that these years, whatever may have been our subse- 
 quent lot, we did not spend in vain, but they will ever be 
 hallowed, will ever be consecrated far beyond the power of 
 human speech to exalt or depreciate. There may be a dis- 
 count on time spent in other ways, but there can never be a 
 discount on the time spent here. 
 
 But not only is a college course of value in expanding the 
 intellect and fitting it for a broader scope of action in every 
 field of labor; not only does it develop character, awaken 
 lofty ambitions, and teach lessons of true manhood, but its 
 very memory becomes a living spirit to mould and to shape 
 one's life, and to " breathe upon it perpetual benedictions." 
 Happy he whose life is filled with sacred memories ! Happy 
 we who can look back upon the hallowed recollections of 
 college days! Who shall say that their influence shall ever 
 cease? Have they not become a part of our very being, 
 giving color, and form and vitality to all the activities of 
 life? Has not memory kept alive our friendships and united 
 us all into one harmonious brotherhood? Have we not been 
 humming to ourselves from year to year the familiar strains 
 of our college songs, while without a voice to join us, we 
 have pursued our lonely paths? 
 
 " Time but the impression deeper makes 
 As streams their channels deeper wear." 
 
 In happiness and prosperity we have looked back to college 
 days, and been aware of their significance and been thankful 
 for their influence. And in those days of suffering and toil, 
 of adversity and calamity which are the common inheritance 
 of man, we have learned to cast our eyes hitherward toward 
 the days which are now ended and have tried to quit us like 
 men and to calm our restless spirits in the thoughts of other 
 years. 
 
74 Greetings from Professional Life. 
 
 And so having made today this pilgrimage, to the altars 
 ot our early hopes and ambitions, and having laid a silent 
 ottering upon the shrine of bye-gone days, let us depart with 
 renewed determination that the altar fires kindled fifty years 
 ago, shall never grow dim and that the smoke of their in- 
 cense shall rise forever toward heaven's eternal blue. 
 
 of rLSfl m r at !f r ° f ., much re ^ ret that ^ address of President J. W. Strong, 
 Coiw " C a nn !f e h Uie UeXt , SPG f £ Wh ° br ° Ught " Greeti ^ '~m Daughter 
 without manuscript ' ^ ^ ***** ^ ^^ t0 S ^ k 
 
THE COLLEGE AND MISSIONS. 
 
 REV. JOHN P. HALE, D. D., CLASS OF 1871. 
 
 Chicago. 
 
 It would be strange indeed if a college, founded in the 
 spirit and fed by the traditions of Beloit, should close its 
 first half century without having made some worthy mark 
 on the Missionary record of the time. Professor Emerson 
 has told us that the college is the child as well as the mother 
 of missionaries, both home and foreign: and that " Beloit is 
 in the heart of our country, which is the heart of the world 
 that is to be; and all the world is in her heart. 1 ' 
 
 Among the founders and early friends of the College were 
 J. D. Stevens, Jeremiah Porter, 0. F. Curtis, L. H. Wheeler, 
 S. R. Riggs, and the Caswell, the Montgomery and the 
 Richardson families, all of whom had been in the missionary 
 work at home and abroad. Their sons are among the 
 missionary sons of the College. 
 
 The third class which was graduated furnished the first of 
 our missionaries, and he preached to the Indians. This was 
 Asher W. Curtis, of '53, who labored among the aboriginees 
 in New York state, where his father had nobly stood before 
 him. He is now a doctor of divinity at the head of a large 
 institution for negroes in North Carolina. One of his 
 brothers, Charles B. Curtis, of the class of '70, is engaged in 
 a similar work in Alabama; another, William W. Curtis, 
 of '70, is a missionary in Japan; their cousin, Willis Curtis 
 Dewey, D. D., of '73, is at the head of the missionary work 
 centered at Mardin, Turkey, while two other cousins, Alfred 
 
^ The College and Missions. 
 
 C. Wright, of '80, and Otis C. Olds, of '86, are engaged in 
 the work of the Mexican mission. 
 
 The first name of a foreign missionary upon our catalogue 
 is that of Spencer R. Wells, of '59, who served in India un- 
 til his health demanded his return, and then came back to 
 toil a little longer and to die. He was not, however, the 
 first upon the foreign field, for on the outbreak of the war 
 he offered himself to his country. He left an arm at Vicks- 
 burg, and it was in that service and sacrifice for his country 
 that he was led to the missionary service of his later life. 
 
 The name of Francis H. Caswell, of '63, ought not to be 
 ommitted from this honorable roll, though he never reached 
 his chosen field of Siam, to which he had consecrated him- 
 self, and where his father before him had labored. But his 
 country called him as he finished his college course, and he 
 fell in her service. His place in Siam was afterward filled 
 by John H. Freeman, of '86, as that of Wells in India was 
 filled for a period, all too brief, by Frederick H. Northrop, 
 of '85, who died at his post in 1891. 
 
 It is interesting to observe that the flame of patriotism 
 and sacrifice kindled by the war just preceded the heroic 
 years in the College missionary history. Some of our no- 
 blest representatives abroad, like Wells, Davis and Christie, 
 were soldiers before they were missionaries. Before the 
 soldiers had returned from the army, those who hoped to be 
 foreign missionaries in the College had formed a circle of 
 prayer, which resulted in the student's daily prayer-meeting, 
 which was influential for many years in the college life. 
 From 1866 to 1873 there was but one class that did not send 
 its representative to the missionary field. The class of '66 
 gave Col. Davis to Japan; '67 gave Henry D. Porter, D. D., 
 and Arthur H. Smith D. D., to China; and E. A. Wanless for a 
 term of years to Bulgaria;— Mr. Wanless was one of the 
 founders of the prayer circle and the first Beloit man to 
 reach the foreign field, not waiting in this country for the 
 
John P. Hale. 77 
 
 training of the theological school. J. K. Kilbourn, of '68, 
 went to Mexico for some years of serviee there, find Thomas 
 L. Riggs followed his father in his noble work among the 
 Dakotas. From ^9 John W. Baird went to European Tur- 
 key, and James D. Eaton, D. I)., to Chihuahua, Mexico; and 
 from '70 William W. Curtis went to Japan. The class of 
 '71 gave T. D. Christie, D. D., and the class of '73 W. C. 
 Dewey, D. D., both to Asiatic Turkey. Two more names 
 are added to this same mission field from the class of '77, 
 namely, C. F. Gates, D. D., and J. A. Ainslie. 
 
 During this decade no college furnished more men for 
 foreign service to the American Board than our own except 
 Amherst, and no other college gave an equal number to that 
 Board but Yale. 
 
 Of the later classes, besides those already named, D. A. 
 Richardson, of '81, served some years in the Turkish mission 
 to which his father had given his life; and J. E. Jacobson, of 
 '82, is laboring with T. L. Riggs among the Dakotas. Of 
 the twenty-two names mentioned, four should be assigned 
 to the North American Indians, four to Mexico, seven to 
 Turkey, two to India, one to Siam, two to China and two to 
 Japan. 
 
 Besides these, ought to be mentioned A. C. Walkup of 
 Wisconsin, who studied but did not graduate here; George 
 Ford, D. D., one of the most useful men in the Syrian mission, 
 who took his early years of study here but graduated at 
 Williams; William D. Alexander, President of Oahu College, 
 a tutor for some years here; and Henry M. Riggs, who stud- 
 ied here before he joined his brother among the Dakotas; 
 besides the Indians, Eli Abraham, Samuel Hopkins, James 
 Garvey, James Lynd and John and Charles A. Eastman who 
 studied here and returned to labor among their fellow In- 
 dians. 
 
 Perhaps the most distinct Beloit missionary circle abroad 
 is to be found in Pang Chuang, China, where are Porter and 
 
78 The College and Missions. 
 
 Smith of "§!, u par nobilefratr urn" io quote Professor Emerson 
 again, "companions rather than competitors in study at col- 
 lege, and now; with their wives (also of our college circle, 
 and one of them daughter of President Chapin) and with 
 the sister of Dr. Porter, forming a center of grace and truth 
 in China; 1 There are pairs of Beloit men, however, in other 
 fields, together, or not so far apart but they can call out to 
 one another some cheering message through the watches of 
 the night. But whether near or far, they carry in their 
 hearts the spirit and temper, which the College taught them 
 and which through all passing years and all life's changes 
 of condition and circumstance, they cannot forget. Their 
 letters from their fields over and again bear that witness. 
 
 Beloit greets them with affectionate pride on her golden 
 anniversary. They are her worthy sons, and in all the cor- 
 ners of the earth, whatever be the language or dialect, the 
 accent of their speech is her accent. We cannot recount 
 their achievements in words to-day, but the hearts of many 
 of us swell as we think of them. They are working in form- 
 ative, if not plastic periods of history. The China, Japan, 
 Turkey and Mexico of to-morrow will not be the China, Japan, 
 Turkey and Mexico of yesterday. And when the history of 
 these rehabilitated empires is written, men will not forget, 
 or if they do, God will not forget what our little group in 
 Pang Chuang has done, what Davis in Japan, what Eaton 
 in Mexico, what Christie and Gates and Dewey in Turkey, 
 and what their fellows who represent this College in these 
 and other fields have done toward the great reconstruction. 
 In the historic places of the world some of them are stand- 
 ing. In Mosul, the ancient Nineveh, there is Ainslie, and 
 in the home of Alexander, there is Baird, laying founda- 
 tions of New Empires. In the land of Gautama there are 
 the memory of Wells and the bones of Northrup. At the 
 headwaters of the great river of Babylon there are Dewey 
 and Gates, capable men, with thronged class-rooms. When 
 
John P. Hale. 79 
 
 the University of Edinburgh recently conferred the degree 
 of Doctor of Laws on Mr. Gates they mentioned as the rea- 
 sons for the honor — they have a way over there that some- 
 times might be embarrassing on this side the water, of stat- 
 ing the reasons for the degrees they give, — they mentioned 
 his distinguished service to humanity during and after the 
 Armenian massacres, as well as his scholarly attainments in 
 three languages. And in Tarsus, birthplace of St. Paul 
 there is Christie, president of the Institute which bears, not 
 without reason, the name of the great apostle. From the 
 ruined castle near by, in which Antony entertained Cleo- 
 patra, his boys are taking stones to go into the new college 
 walls. And the pillar on which his observatory telescope 
 rests, stands on an old Roman arch built there before the 
 days of Paul. 
 
 So are our Beloit brothers, well 'round the world, building 
 new centuries upon old centuries, and replacing cruel and 
 dark civilizations by the institutions and the enlightenment 
 of a better day. Through them Beloit finds a voice afar off. 
 In them President Chapin and Professor Blaisdell and their 
 brothers of the elder days are speaking still. For the finest 
 and most potent thing they carry is the spirit they got at 
 Beloit, which is a spirit of consecration and of light. It 
 will prevail, too. For Beloit herself got it from Him who is 
 the true light, that lighteth every man that cometh into the 
 world. 
 
 Note.- Mr. Ellsworth Huntington, of the class which graduated in 1897, and 
 who now is to go as the special representative of Beloit to assist President C. F. 
 Gates, Beloit, '77, at Euphrates College. Harpoot. Turkey, should now be added 
 to the list of the foreign missionaries of the first half century, making their num- 
 ber: Graduates of Beloit. 22 ; non-graduates, 9. Total, 31. 
 
THE COLLEGE AND THE MINISTRY 
 
 REV. F. B. PULLAN, (LASS OF 1871. 
 Pkovidknce, R. I. 
 
 Mr. President and Friends of Beloit College: 
 
 It is the highest honor I can ever expect from alma mater 
 to be the representative, on this great occasion, of the large 
 and noble class of' men she has sent into the world to do the 
 work of the Christian ministry. It is fitting that at this 
 jubilee observance when the influence of the College for the 
 first half century of its existence is revived, those who have 
 entered the ranks of the Christian ministry should have 
 some special recognition, since there was a time when it 
 seemed as if the college influence was centered upon secur- 
 ing students who should become clergymen. Nor is this to 
 be marvelled at when we remember that the larger part of 
 the board of trustees from the beginning were themselves 
 clergymen, and that the honored members of the faculty at 
 first were obtained from the same ranks. He whose revered 
 memory and notable influence we this day embalm in mar- 
 ble—the honored first president, and he who now so worthily 
 follows him and fills the chair were both pastors before they 
 were presidents, and the proportion of all graduates who 
 have gone out. who have entered the work of the ministry 
 of the gospel exceeds that of any other one sphere of life- 
 work. The influence of the college in the lives of such as 
 are preachers of righteousness in Christ from pulpits in the 
 
F. B. Pullan. 
 
 81 
 
 land is felt from New England's shores to the lake regions of 
 the Interior, and throughout the New West to the Far West. 
 In the midst of the city's masses and millionaires; in the 
 home missionary's prairie parish and hill-country wilderness; 
 in the foreign fields; beneath the shadows of the oldest cen- 
 ters of culture in the land, and amidst the newest and wild- 
 est forces of this fierce nineteenth-century life, have Beloit s 
 sons as Christian ministers stood and still stand, honored 
 each in his place, faithful, according to the fashioning which 
 the College formed in and for him, during those days of his 
 student training according to the pattern found in Christ. 
 
 This large class of her graduates during these fifty years 
 look to her to-day, those who are still in the earth strife, 
 with the affection of loving sons and with the glow of an 
 inspiration that quickens every pure passion as they recall 
 what "old Beloit" did for them. 
 
 But it seems clear that the chief place, at least in point ot 
 proportion, is not in the future to be held by the preachers 
 that Beloit sends forth. The time has past when the col- 
 lege will be thought of as chiefly a preparatory school tor 
 the theological seminary. 
 
 Her sphere is to be— is already, larger than even one so 
 
 noble as that. 
 
 She is to henceforth prepare Christian men and women 
 for every work of God. She is to so culture her students as 
 to leave upon each one the deep impression that God calls 
 him— no matter in what sphere of work He sends him, and 
 in thus preparing lives for educated influential usefulness in 
 all the walks of life, she will achieve larger success than 
 the splendid results which we all so gratefully acknowledge 
 at this time. 
 
THE COLLEGE AND THE STATE. 
 
 AI..KXA.NDEB K. MATHESON, L. T, B, CLASS OF 1890. 
 Janesville. 
 
 I have been asked to say something from the standpoint 
 
 to 1 v r y T en I S , ba " SPeak W " h C0Ura ^ and with freedom 
 11' I ^ ° re me m * n ' '°y al S0QS of Beioit College 
 
 ™° m \7 ch :r n th : legal profession as a iife ™* «* *£, 
 
 are making th.s mfluence felt in the communities where 
 they are putt.ng forth their efforts. In what I shall say to- 
 day I „ lea „ to d,v,d e my allegiance between my profession 
 and the alumni of the College. 
 
 I need not, in such a gathering as this one, call attention 
 to the predominance of lawyers in the Continental Con- 
 gresses, in the Constitutional Convention, and among the 
 signers of the Declaration of Independence. From the be- 
 ginnings of our national existence to the present time the 
 member of the legal profession have been most numerous 
 and most mfluent.al in all departments of our national gov- 
 ernment. It is the lawyer's duty to improve the law! as 
 they now are. and to bring men into sympathy with the 
 highest and noblest principles of equity and justice. The 
 lawyer should not attempt to set aside the law. but he 
 should strive to cause honor and righteousness to prevail be- 
 tween man and man. 
 
 It should be the purpose of every institution of learnine 
 to prepare its students for wise and useful leadership in the 
 Mate. Leaders there must be to guide the destinies of men 
 
Alexander E. Ma the son. 83 
 
 and to use most successfully the opportunities and advan- 
 tages that arise out of our social and governmental rela- 
 tions. Many problems confront us to-day, demanding the 
 noblest sacrifices on the part of the scholar, the lawyer, and 
 all who have something to give for the good of the State. 
 
 But, mere intellectual training is not sufficient to prepare 
 men for the best leadership. An educated rogue is the most 
 dangerous rogue. One of the gravest dangers in our nation 
 to-day is the fact that able men, with well-stored minds and 
 intellectual faculties of the very highest order, are manipu- 
 lating politics, controlling and corrupting men in our larger 
 cities, and cajoling voters for their own personal gain and 
 glory. These men must be met and overcome by leaders of 
 equal calibre, who also have hearts that beat for the happi- 
 ness and liberties of the masses of men. The normal, use- 
 ful, and most grandly successful man is the one who, in ad- 
 dition to the equipment of vigorous and well-developed in- 
 tellectual powers, possesses a heart that has developed and 
 strengthened with loving, unselfish service for the people 
 and the State. 
 
 This is the service — again I say it— this is the service that 
 Beloit College has now given to her sons for a well-rounded 
 half century. For fifty years she has, through her noble 
 professors and instructors, and by the aid of those who have 
 provided funds for her endowment and equipment, instilled 
 into the hearts of her alumni and students those Christian 
 principles which are at the sources of all true progress and 
 liberty and happiness. And herein is the greatest glory of 
 our alma mater, that her sons have gone out into the world 
 to mingle with men, to solve their problems, share their joys 
 and sorrows, and bear their burdens, with the idea firmly 
 imbedded in their minds that the College has stood not alone 
 for a " true science," but also for a " pure faith. 11 
 
 We rejoice, to-day, in the splendid educatienal advantages 
 in our own land. We rejoice in the intellectual achieve- 
 
84 The College and the State. 
 
 ments of Beloit College, and no less, aye, more, do we glory 
 in the moral achievements of our alma mater. We wish 
 the best things for all institutions of learning, wishing for 
 them the very largest success, and hoping that they, like 
 Beloit, may send out men (and we are now at liberty to add, 
 women too) not alone strong and keen in mind, but who 
 are actuated by the hopes of large, wholesome, noble and 
 exalted service and self-sacrifice in the interests of the State 
 and its people, of the wide world and the tribes and nations 
 thereof. 
 
 We here renew our devotion and loyalty to Beloit, with 
 her fifty years of splendid service, hoping that she may 
 round out many periods of fifty years each, and that each 
 succeeding Golden Jubilee may find her glory brighter, her 
 fame wider, and her history richer in blessed memories and 
 in the accomplishment of mighty works for Christ's king- 
 dom. 
 
 We are happy, upon this occasion, in the thought that so 
 many of those who have woven into their lives the princi- 
 ples and ideals of Beloit are doing valiant service in our own 
 land, making themselves felt as leaders of men. They are 
 at work not merely as lawyers, but as physicians and minis- 
 ters of the Gospel and men in various callings. It does not 
 matter what the calling or profession is, so that one obeys 
 the voice of God in his chosen life work; and all have placed 
 upon them the obligations of wise leadership. 
 
 And, we are also happy that such is the record of Beloit 
 College not only in our own land, but that her sons have 
 carried the doctrines of equality and freedom and the teach- 
 ings of Christ to Mexico, to Turkey, to Asia Minor, to India, 
 fo China, to Japan, and to the the Islands of the Sea. 
 
A GLANCE AT THE INTELLECTUAL 
 ATTITUDES OF THE COLLEGE. 
 
 PEOF. T. C. CHAMBERLIN, PH. D., LL. D., CLASS OF 1886. 
 
 Chicago. 
 
 The truest index of an institution is its attitude; its intel- 
 lectual and moral attitude. The largeness or smallness of 
 an institution may be more or less the expression of circum- 
 stances. Its richness or its poverty may be more or less the 
 accident of personal friendship. Opulence and patronage 
 may be indeed a true index of merit aud may be the legiti- 
 mate reward of industry, skill, and true worthiness,— indeed 
 for the most part they doubtless are so,— but they are not 
 uniformly and necessarily so, and we may not judge by 
 these things if we would pass righteous judgment. But the 
 attitude of an institution is a thing of its own creation. Cir- 
 cumstances cannot control it unless it is the servile subject 
 of circumstances. Riches and poverty cannot control it un- 
 less it is the slave of monetary considerations. Public opin- 
 ion cannot control it unless it is the creature of public opin- 
 ion. Even if its attitude be controlled by such influences, 
 that attitude is none the less its truest index. It correctly 
 portrays the moral character of the institution in the very 
 face of exhibiting the causes that dominate it. 
 
 During the past half-century Beloit College has been 
 called upon to take its attitude upon questions of profound 
 importance. These have lain alike in the intellectual, the 
 moral and the spiritual fields. During the half-century 
 
86 A Glance at the Intellectual Attitudes of the College. 
 
 progressive scholarship has unveiled vast stores of truth. It 
 is doubtless far within limits to affirm that no previous half- 
 century has made greater revelations of truth or has devel- 
 oped therewith more strenuous questions of appropriate col- 
 legiate attitude. These revelations are chiefly associated with 
 the newer studies. A great group of these marshal them- 
 selves under the name science and the attitude of the college 
 toward science may be taken to typify its attitude toward 
 these quest.ons and toward the newer fields of education 
 that are rising into recognition. 
 
 To show by tangible facts that the attitude of the College 
 has been one of increasing sympathy and progressive hospi- 
 tality to the younger studies there is need to cite the appor- 
 tionments made to these in the earlier days. The smallness 
 of these apportionments may not seem to bear a tribute of 
 honor to the fathers whom we especially delight to honor 
 today. But we must remember that the fathers are hon- 
 ored not ,n the dimensions and proportions of the tree they 
 planted, but in the amplitude and symmetry into which that 
 tree by its vitality and inherent virtue has grown The 
 earlier curriculum of the College was a reflection of the edu- 
 cational ideas of those times, improved upon indeed bv the 
 wisdom of the fathers, but none the less a reflection of the 
 times. Its full merit can only be judged by those who 
 knew that out of which it had grown, as I do not; who 
 knew the conditions under which it took form, and who also 
 knew as we do, that into which it has grown. But to meas- 
 ure this growth, to determine the recent trend and the 
 present outlook we must note the limitations of the earlier 
 days. I trust that in this closing moment you will permit 
 me to turn from grateful retrospect to frank comparisons 
 for their prospective values. The day calls for thought of 
 the future as well as of the past. 
 
 We of the 50s and 60s recall the recognition which the 
 fields of science had in the second decade of the College 
 
T. C. Chamberlin. 87 
 
 The curriculum in its academic and collegiate requirements 
 covered seven years; three terms per year; three studies per 
 day, 63 units, all of which were required. Of the 63 units 
 there were given to the study of the intimate constitution 
 of matter and to the atomic energies which enter into all 
 our environment and into all our acts and condition them, 
 two units. To the study of the molecular and molar con- 
 stitution of matter, and of the energies that permeate it, 
 which likewise condition all our activities, there were given, 
 out of the 63 units, two units. To the history of the earth, a 
 vista of millions of years, full of the most profound and 
 revolutionary problems, there were given, out of the 63 
 units, one or two units. To that broadest of all the sci- 
 ces which leads out the thought to the immeasurable limits 
 of the stellar universe and overwhelms the imagination by 
 the immensity of creation, there was given, out of the 63 
 units, one or two units. To the vital world, to the study 
 of the forces of life and the organization of living things, 
 to the great field of biology, there was given, something, in 
 certain years, I believe, but neither botany nor zoology found 
 a place iu my course. The members of our race were going 
 into premature graves by hundreds of thousands, if not by 
 millions, every year because sufficient biological knowledge 
 to point out the way of escape had not yet been attained; 
 but neither here nor in any other American college, so far as 
 I know, were provisions made for the promotion of that 
 knowledge at all commensurate with its extreme importance. 
 Circumstances indeed placed their limitations, but I would 
 that I could say that full appreciation and a proportionate 
 allotment were always accorded. It thus appears that out 
 of the 63 units, little more than one-tenth all told were 
 given to these great fields, as necessary to broad culture, as 
 they are to balanced intelligence. 
 
 Today the fundamental sciences have much more ample 
 space assigned them in the curricula, and beyond these there 
 
88 A Glance at the Intellectual Attitudes of the College. 
 
 are large possibilities of election. He who would know the 
 fundamental constitution of matter may seek it at notable 
 length and with large facilities. He who would learn the 
 inner mysteries of physical energy may prolong his search 
 with excellent appliances. He who would learn of the 
 forms and functions of life may find a goodly measure of 
 time and of aids at his command. He who would know the 
 story of creation may dwell long on its vast periods. He 
 who would look into the depth of the heavens may. prolong 
 his vision with the telescopic eye, thanks to the gift of a 
 noble woman and the self-sacrificing devotion of a noble 
 man. In all these the bounds have been enlarged and the 
 privilege of extension at the will of the student has been 
 added. More than this, sympathy has increased. There has 
 been a growth of the conviction that the works of God are 
 not wholly inferior to the works of man as a subject of 
 study. Equilibrium of study may not yet have been reached, 
 but the balances are swinging and that means true equili- 
 brium in the end. The College has made greater progress 
 in enlarging and enobliug the sphere of the sciences in the 
 college courses than has its famous prototype on the north 
 shore of Long Island Sound. Would that the Yale of the 
 East would keep step with the "Yale of the West' 1 in this 
 laudable progress. 
 
 The early days, here as elsewhere, were davs of extreme 
 specialization. For the preparatory years and two years in 
 college more than one-half of the time was given to a few 
 selections of ancient literature, grand selections indeed, but 
 limited selections none the less. The justification of this, if 
 it were justified, lay in the cruder state of most other lines 
 of study, a state which was perhaps as much a result as a 
 cause of the general collegiate policy of the preceding cen- 
 turies. The educational world had not then fully learned 
 that a new field offers a rich disciplinary opportunity when 
 cultivated by the investigative method. This [method has 
 
T. C. Chamberlin. 89 
 
 scarcely yet come to a well recognized place as a supremely 
 effective instrument of education. In its absence choice fell 
 upon the classics and mathematics as best organized for dis- 
 ciplinary purposes, and for five years but little else was pur- 
 sued. The substance of thought was scant but the exercise 
 was abundant. The educational process was not so much 
 growth by nourishment as development by exertion; — plenty 
 of work on a light intellectual stomach. The more varied 
 studies of the later college course added something of breadth 
 but the course remained one of severe limitation and special- 
 ization. It is one of the idiosyncrasies of educational lan- 
 guage that this most specialized of all culture courses has 
 long appropriated to itself terms of peculiar amplitude, 
 while more distributive courses have been characterized by 
 adjectives of limitation. Collegiate language is fearfully 
 and wonderfully made, as witness our "commencements" at 
 the end, our "bachelors 1 ' made by a parchment instead of celi- 
 bacy, our "Arts" for a Greek course, our "broad" for what is 
 intensive, our "specialization 1 ' for what is distributive, and 
 so on to the end of the list. 
 
 But there has been much easement of this former specializ- 
 ation. The thoroughness which prolonged courses alone 
 can give is still retained and even more extreme specialization 
 along the old lines is still possible for those who choose it. 
 But an inflexible specialization is no longer the imposed lot 
 of all. A wider range in substance of thought and a more 
 varied discipline are now offered. 
 
 This amelioration has been attained chiefly through the 
 decadence of the curriculum system aud the growth of the 
 elective system. The early days, here as elsewhere, were the 
 days of the fixed curriculum. From beginning to end the 
 course was predetermined for each and all alike. Those 
 were the days when the committee on curriculum in the wis- 
 dom of its closet, and the faculty in the wisdom of its cham- 
 ber determined that choice of subjects and that order of 
 
90 A Glance at the Intellectual Attitudes of the College. 
 
 study which was to give the best outcome for everyone no 
 matter how his intellect had been fashioned by nature. But 
 the days of the rigid curriculum are passing. The attempt 
 to make the highest possible product out of every kind of 
 material by a uniform process is being abandoned. The re- 
 quired factor of the curriculum system, while it still lingers, 
 is on the road to a natural and merited obsolescence. A fixed 
 curriculum may have been a necessary concession to the 
 scantiness of available knowledge, the smallness of available 
 means and the limitations of available teachers. But these 
 limitations are passing. Careful personal adaptation of 
 varied processes to varying talent is the rational mode which 
 is growing into use and must prevail. Rigid curricula are 
 now confined to the freshman year, and even there a choice 
 is offered between three courses. The introduction of elec- 
 tives from the freshman year onward facilitates personal 
 adaptation and affords the departments a means of individ- 
 ualization and of development. 
 
 All these internal evolutions are most vital. They lie at 
 the heart of the college's intellectual work. They signify 
 an amplification of its scholarly spirit. They testify to an 
 increasing impartiality of intellectual attitude. They reveal 
 a broadening of sympathy. They exhibit an enlarged recog- 
 nition of the individuality of the student. They imply a 
 more tender care for the younger and struggling depart- 
 ments. 
 
 In outward relations the liberalizing of the list of entrance 
 studies is another laudable step, implying an increasingly 
 generous attitude toward the secondary schools and toward 
 the choices of parents and students. 
 
 A change of attitude more demonstrative, and certainly 
 not less significant than any yet noted, has recently taken 
 place. Throughout nearly the whole half-century the Col- 
 lege was not open to man generic, but only to man specific. 
 One-half of man generic — the better half — though en- 
 
T. C. Chamherlin. 91 
 
 dowed with intellects keen and subtle, though possessed of 
 natures noble and responsive, though inspired with strong 
 desires for culture, were yet debarred its halls. This was but 
 an expression of an inherited and cultivated prejudice. But 
 the College has had the courage to move on across the pre- 
 judice in the line of equal justice and a profounder appre- 
 hension of the functions of education. Blessed be the Col- 
 lege! 
 
 But there have been issues profounder than even the 
 problems of the curriculum and the problem of the sexes. 
 The incoming flood of new truth has touched upon the basis 
 of faith. The College has been compelled to determine its 
 attitude toward the inflow of truth when it threatened a 
 change in cherished beliefs. Mark, I do not say compelled 
 a change of belief, but threatened a change of belief. The 
 College has had to face the question of welcoming unwel- 
 come truth. It has had to face the further question 
 whether it should not be itself a producer of unwelcome 
 truth. Seeing the snow upon the mountain and its melting 
 inevitable it has had to consider whether it should be at the 
 springing of the floods giving them early and free release 
 and guiding them into their appropriate channels, or far 
 down the valley building ineffectual dams. The attitude of 
 the College has been neither radically progressive nor radi- 
 cally conservative. If the College has not always been work- 
 ing enthusiastically at the springing of the floods it has not 
 altogether been building dams in the vallevs. It has held 
 with much tenacity to the old, but it has not excluded the 
 new. And as the years have gone on there has been a transfer- 
 ence of effort from the defensive to the productive. There 
 has been an increasing recognition of the fact that safety 
 lies in leadership in the production of truth; leadership 
 and control at the very inception of the inflowing tide, and 
 the College and her sons have made their modest contribu- 
 tions to the inflow of new truth. If the atmosphere of faith 
 
92 A Glance at the Intellectual Attitudes of the College. 
 
 proves the most fertile mother of new-born truth the child- 
 ren will be at once the jewels and the proof of maternal 
 vitality. 
 
 Limitations of resources may put narrow limits on the 
 contributions which such a college as ours can make to the 
 growing sum of knowledge, but it puts no limits on the 
 sympathetic attitudes it may assume toward them. It is 
 grateful to note that that attitude has been one of increas- 
 ing hospitality. Faith best expresses itself in such a stead- 
 fast confidence in the universality of the divine imminence 
 that it invites the most unhesitating search in all fields, con- 
 fident that the outcome cannot be other than ultimate good. 
 
 The College has ever been earnest and steadfast in its 
 loyalty to the moral and spiritual factors of education. So 
 pre-eminent was this at the outset that growth was scarcely 
 possible. No changes of attitude, except in forms and 
 aspects, are to be discerned here. And, save in free rectifica- 
 tion by advancing knowledge, may there never be such. 
 Circumstances and conditions may put limitations upon the 
 intellectual riches that may be offered here, but no circum- 
 stance nor condition should abate by one jot or tittle the 
 earnestness of moral endeavor which is the distinctive char- 
 acteristic of the College. The truth should ever make 
 that endeavor free and keep it free from all bondage. If its 
 forms must change, let them change, but let the earnest- 
 ness of endeavor remain. This is the peculiar birthright of 
 the College. This is its great treasure. It should be cher- 
 ished as its one great possession. This is not a thing apart 
 from the intellectual work, but the soul of the intellectual 
 work. Scientia vera cum fide pura. Purity of faith is con- 
 ditioned on sincerity and rectitude of intellectnal action. 
 May there be no bounds to the search for true knowledge. 
 May there be no limits to the purity of faith. Scientia vera 
 cum fide pura. 
 
ODE -THE FOUR HORIZONS. 
 
 Professor Theodore Lyman Wright. 
 
 Light, and dark, and full of song! — 
 That was the forest whose vaults ran long 
 Beneath arabesque archings of gold and green, 
 Through a stillness heard, and a darkness seen 
 To the bluff's high dome with its prophet oak 
 That topped above the brother trees, 
 And knew their shadowed mysteries, 
 And, like Dodona, in a breeze 
 Spoke miracles, or nearly spoke. 
 
 Light, and dark, and full of joy! - 
 That was the eye of the red-skin boy 
 Whose copper breast on the Turtle Mound 
 Held a hammering heart 'twixt the sky and the ground 
 And whose vision was off through the oak tree leaves 
 To the swimming line of sky and earth 
 Where Age says "End" and Youth says "Birth" ; 
 For boys assert with perennial mirth 
 What devils doubt and God believes. 
 
 In sun and shade spread near and far 
 The happy fields of hunt and war, 
 While, North and South and West and East, 
 The four horizons never ceased 
 Their witching siege around this lad, 
 Enringed by missiles of unrest, 
 By arrow-shots of calls unguessed, 
 By secrets left but half-expressed 
 In the oracles the oak-leaves had. 
 
 Light and dark, in landscape rhyme, 
 Up the Eastern terraces climb 
 Meadows rhythmical with groves; 
 
94 Ode— The Four Horizons. 
 
 And The East her secret loves, 
 For she feels her hazels parted 
 By new roads the White Men make 
 For ambition or Christ's sake 
 To the River from the Lake,— 
 And the Founder's trail is started. 
 Over shooting-stars and sedges, 
 Down across the brooks and ledges,— 
 To the Red-boy this might seem 
 Like the substance of his dream— 
 For the Future in procession, 
 Dusty- wagon, weary beast, 
 
 Ushers in an Aaron-priest, 
 
 And the wise Men of the East 
 Are come down to claim possession. 
 To East hills the Campus owes 
 Thanks, because the overflows 
 Of the sunrise have been lent us, 
 And the Fathers have been sent us 
 Trooping like Christ's new Apollos, - 
 Chapin, Porter, Emerson! 
 These have not detained the sun; 
 These have raced Hyperion 
 And shall know the palm that follows. 
 
 Clear or dim— the North lay thus 
 For the Indian, as for us>, 
 Quite the same that God had made, 
 With that Artist's banks of shade 
 Cut by glints of river sheen 
 Where Big Hill's old outline ran 
 Like a tame Leviathan 
 Nosing where the stream began 
 To turn down from the unseen. 
 
 "To the hills I lift mine eyes," 
 
 David sang; and there replies 
 
 Every David of the aeons 
 
 Chanting wholesome Nature paeons 
 In the heart's primeval mood. 
 Here a Blaisdell spirit longs 
 For a woodland cure of wrongs 
 
Theodore Lyman Wriyht. 95 
 
 And, like Jonah, thinketh songs 
 In the belly of the wood. 
 
 Ha! We savage boys loved blindly 
 Old Big Hill, a monster kindly, 
 With the stream-beast's iron ring 
 Through her nostrils, and the fling 
 Of the Steam-Chimaera's sprays 
 For her spouting and her roar, 
 When we teased her with our oar, 
 Or our friendships dared explore 
 The stiller deeps of Hillside ways! 
 
 Now less blindly rush her lovers; 
 Science sends her Maenad rovers 
 Rooting violet and aster, 
 Chasing butterflies or faster 
 Jays and orioles of the hill; 
 
 Or, more slow, to bring to light 
 The lost limestone trilobite, 
 Emphasizing History's height 
 By the sandstone lower still. 
 
 Light, and light, and light enough, — 
 'Tis the South! whose prairie-bluff 
 Holds upbuilded in the sun 
 One cube house, and only one, 
 Where a Bushnell's lamp was burning 
 When the other stars were hid, 
 And the student tasks he did 
 Flash a memory amid 
 Time's advance and over-turning. 
 
 For his St. Stylites-tower 
 Sent him punctual to the hour 
 Of the college week by week, 
 Till the fords of Turtle Creek 
 Timed the crossings of the sage 
 Over to the busy town, 
 Where he wore no scholar's gown, 
 Though his gracious life trailed down 
 Wisdom on a bustling age. 
 
 So the South Horizon lies 
 
 With its monument to the wise; — 
 
96 Ode— The Four Horizons. 
 
 Dazed the gazer half forgets 
 How a sphinx-like City frets 
 Quite beyond the corn-crop tips, 
 For we know he who receives 
 All the golden gifts she gives, 
 And in simpler earnest-lives, 
 Wins her riddle from her lips. 
 
 Light and dark,— or light again: 
 'Tie the West, but Indian men 
 Never could have seen or guessed 
 What has come across the West! 
 There they merely read the weather, 
 Or made childlike dreams of Heaven 
 Where some blackest rain-cloud riven 
 Showed resplendent ladders given 
 To bind earth and sky together. 
 
 What has come across the West? 
 Now its level sky-line crest 
 Feels the notch of spire and steeple 
 Where Beloit's working-people 
 
 Mid their churches and their schools 
 Tend, like priests, the foundry fire, 
 Build the factory chimney higher, 
 As their hearts and hands aspire 
 To the music of their tools. 
 
 From the West the tonic hum 
 Of the thousand wheels shall come 
 Hot across the student's thought; 
 And the lesion he is taught 
 Is that life is live forever; 
 So across his quiet book- 
 He shall set his earnest look 
 On the course the West Star took 
 Unto broadening and endeavor. 
 
 Mid the sweep of endless knowledge 
 All the lifetime of our College 
 For the half an hundred years 
 But an infancy appears, 
 Cradled in the nurse-embrace 
 Of the four horizons' arms, 
 
Theodore Lyman Wright, 97 
 
 Where the common shops and farms 
 Sunder us from the alarms 
 Of the depth and doom of space. 
 
 For the pathways to the sky 
 Are the trodden roads that lie 
 To the usual hills that bound us, 
 Whence quick Youth come down around us 
 With a passion on their lips. 
 Thither too they pass again, 
 Boys made magically men 
 By Beloit's own touch and then 
 Siezing their apostleships. 
 
 North and South and East and West, — 
 Every dusty road is blessed 
 By the treading of their feet 
 And their voices that repeat 
 Faith and Science with the sound 
 Of the old time campus-cheers, 
 Till, like ships, each disappears, 
 On the Ocean of the years — 
 Gone to prove God's earth is round. 
 
 And whenever they sail in 
 From the voyages they have been 
 To the harbor jubilee ; 
 The Horizons still they see 
 Holding old Beloit as true 
 As she has been from her birth 
 To the love of sky and earth, 
 Testing all her scholar-worth 
 By the world-work she can do. 
 
THE BEGINNINGS OF BELOIT. 
 
 HORACE WHITE, LL. D., CLASS OF 1853. 
 
 By the favor of our honored President I am permitted to 
 tell you something of the beginnings of Beloit ami of Beloit 
 College, most of which I saw and part of which I was. 
 Yesterday you heard of the day of small things. I shall tell 
 you of the day of smaller things. Through the kindness of 
 my early playmate and infant school mate, Hon. Ellery B. 
 Crane, now a member of the state senate of Massachusetts 
 and a resident of the city of Worcester, I have been enabled 
 to examine an old account book, hitherto unpublished, much 
 of which is in my father's handwriting and the rest in his 
 father's hand-writing. This book contains the business 
 transactions of the New England Emigrating Co., which was 
 formed in Colebrook, New Hampshire, my native place, in 
 October, 183G, and of which Dr. Horace White, my father, 
 was the agent. Much has been published about this com- 
 pany and a good many guesses have been made as to the ex- 
 act number and identity of the members. The book of 
 which I speak, and which Mr. Crane has rescued from the 
 tooth of time, sets at rest all disputes on these two subjects. 
 It shows that the company consisted of fourteen members 
 and that their names were Cyrus Eames, 0. P. Bicknell, 
 John W. Bicknell, Asahel B. Howe, Leonard Hatch, David 
 J. Bundy, Ira Young, L. C. Beech, S. GL Colley, G. W. Bick- 
 nell, K. P. Crane, Horace Hobart, Horace White and Alfred 
 Field. The book shows to a cent how much each man con- 
 
Horace White. 99 
 
 tributed to the funds of the enterprise, the whole amount 
 being $7,067.27, and how the lands and other property were 
 distributed, how much and what kind of work each one did 
 and what credits he received for the work done. These 
 fourteen names and no others appear and reappear as co- 
 partners in the enterprise, although others are found in 
 other relations to it. These men were not speculators. 
 They did not belong to the roving class. They had no 
 thought of taking up claims on public land and selling out 
 to somebody else at a higher price. They intended to create 
 an agricultural community like the New England village 
 from which they sprang, and new homes like the old ones 
 which they still loved. They were the kind of stuff that 
 enduring communities are made of, as this fair city today 
 attests. 
 
 It was the principal duty of the Company's agent to select 
 and purchase a site for the new homes of the Emigrating 
 company. In pursuance of his duties as such agent, my 
 father left Colebrook in the winter of 1836-7 on his west- 
 ward journey. He was then in his 27th year. The book 
 says that he was to receive $100 per month and all of his 
 expenses, and that the Company was to furnish him a horse 
 and cutter. With this conveyance he set forth as soon as 
 there was a good fall of snow and drove through Canada, 
 taking that route for the reason that the sleighing was bet- 
 ter on the north than on the south side of the lakes. He 
 arrived at Ann Arbor, Michigan, on the 25th day of Janu- 
 ary, 1837, where he found Mr. R. P. Crane, the father of 
 Mr. Ellery Crane, who was a member of the Company, and 
 who had started westward somewhat earlier. Mr. Crane had 
 arrived at Detroit by steamer from Buffalo in company with 
 Otis P. Bicknell and they had set out to make the rest of the 
 journey on foot, not knowing exactly where it might lead 
 them, but keeping in the track of the general emigration of 
 the period. Arriving at Ann Arbor Mr. Crane found his 
 
10 ^ The Beginnings of Beloit. 
 
 funds exhausted and took a job of finishing a partlv-built 
 house at that place for which he received the sum of $100. 
 It was here that my father overtook and passed him, tak- 
 ing Mr. Bicknell in his cutter as far as Calumet, Illinois. 
 Mr. Crane was one of those benefactors of the human race 
 who -keep a diary " and it is fortunate for us that the his- 
 torical spirit has descended to his son. From this diary his 
 son gives me the following extract: 
 
 "On reaching Rockford, March 3, 1837, Dr. White was 
 there, stopping with Harvey Buudy, who was employed as 
 clerk by George Goodhue, who was proprietor of a small 
 store or trading post. The doctor had been up to the Turtle 
 but had not purchased yet. Had already been to Des 
 Moines, la, and Quincy, 111, but did not like it there The 
 doctor wanted Otis and myself to see the location at the 
 Turtle before deciding, although he thought well of it. We 
 (Otis and I) arrived at the Turtle Thursday, March 9, and 
 Dr. White came up the week following and we three went 
 out three miles northeast to see the landscape. We liked it 
 so well that we (Otis and I) encouraged the doctor to secure 
 an interest here if he could." 
 
 This was on the 13th day of March. The only person 
 here at the time who could be called a settler was Caleb 
 Blodgett who bad arrived the previous year and had bought 
 for $200 a claim from a Frenchman named Thibault who 
 was living with one or more squaw wives in a construction 
 of logs near the junction of Turtle creek and Rock river. A 
 bargain was struck with Blodgett on the following day 
 ( March 14) for one-third of his claim. In those days claims 
 to public land were rather indefinite. That of Blodgett was 
 as far-reaching as those which excited the ire of the elder 
 Gracchus in old Roman days. His own idea was that it em- 
 braced about 7,000 acres. Purchasers of claims took their 
 chances of being able to hold what they had bargained for. 
 What was paid for in such a case was the chance that the 
 
Horace White. 101 
 
 government land office would eventually recognize the claim 
 as valid under the pre-emption laws, and give a patent for 
 it, on receiving the price of $1.25 per acre. A bargain was 
 struck with Blodgett for one-third of his claim for the sum 
 of $2,500, and patents were issued in my father's name 
 which are now in my possession. This included 100 acres 
 of land already under the plow and ready for a crop, this 
 fact being a moving corsideration in the purchase. Blod- 
 gett retained one-third of the claim for himself and sold the 
 remaining third to Messrs. Goodhue, Jones and Johnson. 
 The name of Goodhue is an honored one in the history of 
 Beloit. Mr. Goodhue came from Canada. He erected the 
 first saw mill in the place. He was living at that time in 
 Rockford but the mill was already under construction and 
 it began to deliver boards on the 15th of April, 1837. 
 
 Dr. White returned to Colebrook immediately after the 
 purchase was made from Blodgett, to report progress and to 
 dispose of his own property, leaving Crane and Bicknell in 
 charge. Blodgett had built a double log house on the river 
 bank near the foot of Broad street. In putting the logs in 
 place he had been assisted by a band of Indians who were 
 encamped on the west side of the river under charge of army 
 officers. Until the saw mill was completed, so that boards 
 could be obtained, the ground served as the floor of this 
 house. My earliest recollections of Beloit, or of anything, 
 are associated with this old log house, in which Dr. White's 
 family was installed and where they lived until better ac- 
 commodations could be provided. This was a double house 
 with a door in the center and was generally occupied by two 
 families or more. The south end, which we occupied, con- 
 sisted of one square room which served as kitchen, dining- 
 room, bed-room, sitting-room and doctor's office. The joints 
 in this establishment had not been very carefully closed and 
 hence it was not unusual in the winter time for my parents 
 to find themselves in the morning under an extra counter- 
 
102 The Beginnings of Beloit. 
 
 pane of snow which had sifted through the crevices during 
 the night. There were no streets in the place, only Indian 
 trails through the woods and one road leading from Rock- 
 ford and following the general line of Rock river from 
 south to north. 
 
 I have a letter written by my father dated Colebrook, May 
 10, 1837, to my mother, who was then in Bedford, N. H., in 
 which he says that he found the Emigrating Company in 
 good spirits. "I had requested them," he says, " to raise 
 fourteen hundred dollars on my return and it was done." 
 He then gives the names of a number of persons who would 
 start westward within a few weeks, some being members of 
 the company and some not. He said that James Cass and 
 wife would go out in his employ. This fact explains some 
 of the entries in the old account book where Dr. White re- 
 ceives credit for labor performed by Cass for the company's 
 benefit. Manv of these entries possess an economical in- 
 terest showing how society may get on without money in 
 case of need. Thus we read under date of November 7, 1837 : 
 u Otis P. Bicknell, Cr. 
 
 " By 1 day getting flour and assisting in butchering ox." 
 As a sequence, two days later we find Horace Ho bart cred- 
 ited with u one half day salting beef " and Horace White 
 credited with the services of Cass in hauling beef and also 
 "some pumpkins." A. L. Field is 'credited with three- 
 fourths of a day ' at business of different kinds for Co." 
 There are several entries in November, 1837, where Horace 
 White is credited with " 1 day each for Crosby, Cass and 
 Grimes on bridge over Turtle." The explanation is that 
 Crosby and Grimes were indebted to Dr. White and that 
 they worked out the debt in the company's service for which 
 he received credit in the final settlement. The current rate 
 of interest is shown in an entry in December, 1837, where 
 Horace White is credited with $15 cash paid to B. J. Tenney 
 for the company, u interest 12 per cent." The usual rate of 
 
Horace White. 103 
 
 interest when I became old enough to understand such 
 things was 12 per cent., and I think that it was not less than 
 10 per cent, at any time when I lived here. 
 
 One more entry in this old account book deserves notice. 
 Among the crops produced on the land broken up by Blod- 
 gett and included in the company's purchase, was 200 bush- 
 els of oats. This was divided among the members of the 
 company in exact proportion to their interest in it, the name 
 of each one being set down opposite his share of the crop in 
 bushels and pounds. 
 
 It should be added that there is no indication in the book 
 or in any letter or memorandum, so far as I have been able 
 to discover, that there ever was any dispute or disagreement 
 among the members of the' company touching money mat- 
 ters or the eventual settlement of the joint enterprise. Each 
 one had entire confidence in the good faith of the others and 
 in the correctness of the bookkeeing. 
 
 The hardships of this early period can be little under- 
 stood by those of the present day. We read in the early 
 records that during the first year our pioneers were often in 
 want of food, and that the arrival of Alfred Field in July, 
 1837, with a team of four oxen and a load of four barrels of 
 flour' relieved them from severe distress. Also that on an- 
 other occasion when the stock of provisions had run low 
 they heard of a whole barrel of pork for sale at Rockford 
 and sent one of their number down there to buy it. The 
 streams furnished a plentiful supply of fish and when Good- 
 hue's mill was completed the flume was converted into a 
 kind of trap by means of which the water could be drained 
 off and the fish picked up on the bottom, but the fish could 
 not be rendered palatable without some accessories, and 
 these were frequently wanting. The hardships of travel m 
 those days were almost beyond conception. Some ot these 
 are within my own recollection. It was customary for the 
 stage drivers to carry rails with which to pry the coaches 
 
104 The Beginnings of Beloit. 
 
 out of the mud when the horses could no longer draw their 
 loads. In this exercise the passengers were expected to take 
 part under pain of stopping for an indefinite time in some 
 unfathomed bog. When a man driving his team alone was 
 stuck fast in this way he must either wait till somebody else 
 came along to pull him through, or take out his load by 
 piecemeal and carry it on his back to dry land so that his 
 horses might draw out the empty wagon. I have witnessed 
 many cases of both kinds and have participated in some. 
 
 A sadder case is one for the details of which I am indebted 
 to my friend, Mr. Crane. It is that of an emigrating party 
 from Colebrook who left the steamboat at Detroit and started 
 to cross the state of Michigan with a team of four horses. 
 I he roads were so bad that one of the horses died of fatigue 
 before they had made half of the distance. Soon afterward 
 another horse was so exhausted that he could not pull It 
 was necessary to lead him by a rope. Then they came to 
 the sand hills at the southern bend of Lake Michigan and it 
 became necessary to lighten the load in every possible way 
 for there was danger that the other horses would fail, or 
 perhaps die in the road. Delicate women were obliged to 
 get out and walk in the sand carrying infant children on 
 their backs. It was impossible to stop on the road. Houses 
 were ten to twenty miles apart. Shelter and food for man 
 and beast must be found every night. While these toilers 
 were trudging through the sand darkness overtook them 
 accompanied by rain. There was nothing to do but push 
 on. Continuous movement was the price of life With 
 eyes straining to see a light they toiled on fainting with 
 hunger and fatigue and drenched with rain. About 9 
 o'clock their hearts were gladdened by a distant twinkling 
 light. They hastened to reach it. They found it a short 
 distance from the road. It was an Indian wigwam. The 
 occupants were very civil. They invited these foot-sore 
 travelers to the shelter of their lodge, but it was so filthv 
 
Horace White. 105 
 
 that the pilgrims, weary as they were, could not bring them- 
 selves to enter it. So they turned back to the lonely road 
 and resumed their journey, for near three hours longer. 
 Midnight brought them to a house in a condition of mind 
 and body that can be better imagined than described. One 
 of these women, whose trembling limbs had at last borne 
 her to a door, was Mrs. Crane, and the babe whom she car- 
 ried was my friend Ellery Crane, who has given me these 
 facts. They reached their journey's end in August, 1837. I 
 would fain believe that these hardships have been exagger- 
 ated by the distortions of time and the imperfections of 
 memory, but as they were written down at, or very near, the 
 date of their occurrence, they must be accepted as a round 
 unvarnished tale. Mrs. Crane never recovered from the 
 effects of that terrible journey. Her health was under- 
 mined by it. She lingered a few years and died at the age 
 
 of 33. . l . „ 
 
 There was another branch of the early emigration to be- 
 loit to which I think that Dr. Horace White must have 
 given the impulse. It came from Bedford, a town in the 
 extreme southern part of New Hampshire, Colebrook being 
 in the extreme northern part. Among the families repre- 
 sented in this emigration were those of Colley, Riddle, Dole, 
 Atwood, Houston and Gordon. My mother was a native ot 
 Bedford As the movement originated in Colebrook and as 
 our family was the only connecting link between the two 
 towns, which were separated from each other by the whole 
 length of the state, I conclude that the Bedford people took 
 the Beloit fever from us and that S. G. Colley was enrolled 
 as an original member of the New England Emigrating 
 Companv at my father's instance, and that the others were 
 similarly induced to come later. However that may be it is 
 certain that my mother with her two sons, aged 3 and 1 re- 
 spectively, came hither from Bedford, in company with Mr. 
 Colley and his family, and Mrs. Atwood and her daughter, 
 
106 The Beginnings of Beloit. 
 
 in the summer of 1838, arriving here on the 25th of June of 
 that year. My father had returned to Beloit in November, 
 1M7, but did not bring his family because there was then 
 no place to put them. There were only three log houses in 
 the town in 1837 and those were all occupied by the male 
 workers who were preparing the ground for their wives and 
 children. In 1837 Caleb Blodgett erected a house of boards, 
 the product of Goodhue's mill. This was the beginning of 
 the Rock River House, situated where the Goodwin House 
 now stands. The fact of immediate interest to the White 
 family was that when Blodgett moved out of the old log 
 house they were enabled to move in. 
 
 Such were the beginnings of Beloit as a home of civilized 
 men and women. How it became a center of educational 
 work in the West is an oft-told tale. It has been related by 
 others better than I can tell it. Yet I must not omit my 
 share of it on this memorable day. The first application 
 made by this infant community to the legislative power for 
 any purpose whatever was a petition for a charter for a semi- 
 nary of learning. On the 11th of November, 1837, Major 
 Charles Johnson and Cyrus Eames started to Burlington 
 Iowa, the then seat of the territorial government of the 
 country now embraced in Wisconsin, Iowa and Minnesota, 
 to obtain such a charter. They were successful, and the 
 return to Beloit on December 5 of the same year. It 
 is needless to say that Beloit Seminary did not spring into 
 immediate activity. Divers and sundry schools, both public 
 and private, preceded it. According to the best information 
 obtainable the first school of any kind in Beloit was opened 
 in the kitchen of Caleb Blodgett's house in the year 1838, 
 the teacher being John Burroughs, a native of Orange 
 county, N. Y. In the following year a school house was 
 built by private subscription at the northeast corner of 
 School and Prospect streets and here the first public school 
 was opened, under the charge of Hazen Cheney who taught 
 
Horace White. 107 
 
 during the school year 1839-40. He was followed by Hiram 
 Hersey, Alfred Walker, Henry Brown and Samuel Clary in 
 successiou. In 1843 or 1844 a school was started in the 
 basement of the Congregational Church. This building had 
 been erected in 1842 mainly by my father's efforts. As the 
 Rev. Lucien D. Mears has said, "It was built with unpaid 
 doctor's bills, 1 ' which means that some people hereabout 
 could not pay for Dr. White's services with money but could 
 pay with stone, timber, sand, lime and the labor of their 
 hands and teams. That Dr. White was eventually paid by 
 the other members of the congregation there can be no 
 doubt, since these men were not in the habit of getting any- 
 thing of value for nothing, least of all their church privil- 
 eges, the most valuable of all things to them. One of the 
 early services held in this church was my father's funeral. 
 He died December 23, 1843. The hardships of a country 
 doctor's life in a thinly settled region, where he was com- 
 pelled to drive long distances by day and night in a rigorous 
 climate, with little protection against the cold, cut him off 
 at the age of 33. He was a native of Bethlehem, N. H., a 
 graduate of the medical department of Dartmouth College, 
 a man of intellectual power and heroic mould. He shrank 
 from no duties and I am sure that no man ever performed 
 greater services and sacrifices for Beloit than he. 
 3 The school in the basement of this church, situated at the 
 corner of Broad and Prospect streets, was opened under the 
 auspices of the Rev. Lewis H. Loss. This was the Beloit 
 Seminary for which Johnson and Eames obtained the char- 
 ter in 1837. I was one of Mr. Loss's pupils. 
 
 My earliest recollections of school days, however, are not 
 these. They cluster about an infant school on Race street 
 near the corner of State, kept by Miss Jane Moore, my 
 mother's sister. She was "Aunt Jane Moore" to all the 
 young people in the town. From this I was transferred to 
 the public school before mentioned and in due time to the 
 
108 The Beginnings of Beloit. 
 
 tutelage of Mr. Loss. The latter had for an assistant Mr. 
 D. Carley. Mr. Loss was succeeded in 1846 by my dear 
 friend Sereno T. Merrill who is with us still, after more than 
 fifty years of continuous activity and usefulness in Beloit. 
 
 Before the College proper began there were various teach- 
 ers here, both male aud female, whose names deserve respect- 
 ful mention although I do not remember exactly where all 
 of them taught, viz: Sarah T. Crane, Frances Burchard, 
 Emehne Fisher, Philomela Atwood, Eliza Field, M. F. Cut- 
 ting, Alexander Stone, Daniel Pinkham, Leonard Humphrey 
 Mrs. Saxby, Mrs. Dearborn, Mrs. Carr, Cornelia Bradley' 
 Miss Adaline Merrill, Jonathan Moore, Ackland Jones and 
 Horatio C. Burchard. The last named has since been a mem- 
 ber of congress and director of the mint of the United States 
 Miss Bradley become the wife of Judge Hopkins, of Madi- 
 son, Wis, and Miss Merrill the wife of Dr. Browne of Hart- 
 ford, Conn. After the death of Mary Kimball Merrill, the 
 able principal of the young ladies' department of Beloit 
 Seminary, Miss Jane Blodgett, (now Mrs. S. T. Merrill) and 
 Miss Clarinda Hall had charge of a young ladies' school on 
 Broad street, in a building which was afterward moved to 
 State street and became the book store of Wright & Merrill- 
 Miss Chapin (now the wife of Prof. Porter) taught in this 
 school in 1853. 
 
 Mr. Humphrey was the son of the first rector of the Epis- 
 copal church in Beloit, and succeeded his father in that ca- 
 pacity. Miss Fisher, a woman of great energy and execu- 
 tive talent, became the housekeeper of the Fifth Avenue 
 Hotel in New York. All, so far as I know, whether rich or 
 poor, high or humble, were honest, earnest men and women, 
 doing good and not evil in their day and generation. Happy 
 shall we be if the same can be said of us when our fleeting 
 hour is past. 
 
 Under Mr. Merrill's tuition I began the study of algebra 
 and of Latin and Greek. In 1845 my mother married Mr. 
 
Horace White. 109 
 
 Samuel Hinman, of Waukesha, Wis., one of the best men 
 that ever lived, and we went to his farm near that village 
 where we remained a year or two. His election as superin- 
 tendent of the first building erected for Beloit College 
 brought us back here in the spring of 1847. This was the 
 year in which the first freshman class was formed, the year 
 in which the corner stone of Middle College was laid, and 
 whose fiftieth anniversary we now celebrate. How this in- 
 fant college was conceived and established, how it was 
 prayed over and labored for, I could not tell you in the brief 
 time allotted to me; nor is it needful that I should since it 
 is told in Professor BushneH's address at the twenty-fifth 
 anniversary and in the discourses you heard yesterday. Some 
 few reminiscences of my own must suffice for this occasion. 
 I remember the time when the five young men constitut- 
 ing the first freshman class studied alongside of us younger 
 ones in the old basement, under Mr. Merrill, who was act- 
 ing president and professor of all departments in Beloit Col- 
 lege until the advent of Professors Bushnell and Emerson 
 in the month of May, 1848. I remember the coming of 
 those two seers of Israel and the laying of the corner stone 
 aforesaid. The college building was in course of construc- 
 tion a long time and the five freshmen (grown to be sopho- 
 mores) recited their lessons in a room of Lucius G. Fisher's 
 house down on the river bank. It was a severe struggle on 
 all hands to get that college building under a roof. We 
 children, (that is, the Hinman children and the White child- 
 ren), had these troubles served up to us daily because Deacon 
 Hinman had charge of the work, for which he received a 
 salary of $500 per year; and this was all that a family of ten 
 had to live on. We thought we lived pretty well, however. 
 We produced our own vegetables, and poultry, our own 
 pork, and milk and butter. The cows grazed freely on the 
 open prairie round about, and were lured homeward by an 
 enticement of bran at the close of each day. We had a 
 
110 The Beginnings of Beloit. 
 
 wood lot which supplied our fuel and I cut down the trees. 
 Tea and coffee were unknown luxuries to us, but we were as 
 well off in this respect as Croesus was. Sugar was scarce 
 but we had more of it than Julius Caesar had. There was 
 abundance of fish in the streams, and of game in the woods 
 and fields. Prairie chickens, wild pigeons, wild ducks and 
 wild geese were to be had in the greatest profusion during 
 their season, together with an occasional deer and an occa- 
 sional bear. During my senior year in college (1853) it was 
 not an uncommon occurrence to find a flock of quails in our 
 door yard picking up crumbs in competition with the chick- 
 ens. Blackberries, strawberries, wild plums, wild grapes, 
 hickory nuts, hazel nuts and black walnuts were to be had 
 for the trouble of gathering them, and as for wild flowers T 
 cannot begin to tell you how the prairies, the woods and the 
 river banks glowed with them. The habitat of many of 
 these flowers extended to the base of the Rocky Mountains 
 on the west and to the head waters of the Saskatchewan on 
 the north, as I discovered a few years since while making a 
 journey to the Pacific coast by the Canadian Pacific Railway. 
 So you see that a salary of $500 for a family of ten, plus 
 the bounties of nature and our own industry was not a nig- 
 gardly allowance. Yet I fancy that the salaries offered to 
 Professors Bushnell and Emerson of $600 per year, coupled 
 with the proviso, "if we can raise it, 1 ' did not constitute the 
 moving consideration with them. Ah, those noble minded, 
 high principled men! What can I say in their praise? 
 What can I not say, of them and of those who came a little 
 later, President Chapin, Professor Lathrop, Professor Porter? 
 These five constituted the faculty during my under-gradnate 
 course. Two of them still live, thank God, to see the fiftieth 
 anniversary of the institution to which they gave their lives. 
 Professor Porter, according to my recollection, came hither 
 a victim of consumption, and was not expected to live more 
 than three years. If Beloit were as good for all invalids as 
 
Horace White. HI 
 
 it has been for him, it would be the most popular health re- 
 sort in the United States. 
 
 To the high qualities of President Chapin I paid my feeble 
 tribute on the occasion of his memorial exercises four years 
 ago. I, and the class of five to which I belonged, were 
 brought more closely in contact with Professors Bushnell 
 and Emerson than with any others — Professor Porter did 
 not arrive here until my junior year. These two men were 
 the chief part of the college to me; and more especially Pro- 
 fessor Emerson since Professor Bushnell was charged with 
 duties regarding the financial affairs of the institution that 
 consumed much of his time when he was not actually in the 
 class-room. Nevertheless his presence was an inspiration in 
 the fact that he combined first-rate mathematical instruc- 
 tion with first-rate business training. He was the scholar, 
 and the man of affairs, and the genial Christian gentleman, 
 all at once. Really I do not see how Beloit College could 
 have struggled along without him during the first quarter 
 century of its existence. 
 
 I would not venture to say in the presence of Professor 
 Emerson all that I feel of reverence and affection for him. 
 One incident, however, I will recall which no doubt he has 
 forgotten. One day, when we both had some leisure, (per- 
 haps it was during a vacation), I had taken my place on the 
 Rock River dam for an afternoon's fishing, and the professor 
 was out for a walk. He spied me in my retreat, approached 
 and took a seat by my side apparently taking an interest in 
 the fish. We fell into a conversation, a kind of Socratic dia- 
 logue, in which he did most of the talking. Gradually I 
 found myself becoming very much interested. The theme 
 of the discourse was the supreme importance of character in 
 all the affairs of life, but it did not come to me in a didactic 
 way. It was no new theme to me. I had heard it in ser- 
 mons and had read it in books ever since I was old enough 
 to understand anything. Yet somehow it seemed as though 
 
112 The Beginnings of Beloit. 
 
 I had never heard it before. It took possession of me in an 
 unpremeditated way. It held me fast for an hour or more. 
 It has held me fast ever since. At the end of the hour my 
 fishing pole and line had disappeared and I had never missed 
 them. 
 
 This incident, my friends, is typical of the college life that 
 I knew. It was a life in which students and professors were 
 thrown together not merely as instructors and learners but 
 as friends and companions. Such association is only possi- 
 ble in those institutions where the proportion of students to 
 professors is relatively email. Os course we all desire that 
 Beloit College shall grow in numbers. We rejoice at such 
 growth in recent years, yet there is much to be said for the 
 small college, the kind that I knew. I do not think that I 
 should have received so good an education at Yale as I did at 
 Beloit, for two reasons. I should not have been personally 
 drilled in my studies there as I was here. Time and num- 
 bers would not have permitted. I should not have had the 
 daily uplifting personal intercourse with the professors there 
 that I had here. Crowding would have prevented that also. 
 So you see. the place for the small college exists. I should 
 rather say that the necessity for it exists and increases with 
 the country's growth. Many, very many, young men, and 
 I am glad to say young women also, get an education in the 
 small colleges that they could never obtain in any other 
 way. If the college were not close at hand they could never 
 find it. If it were not cheap in a pecuniary sense it would 
 be beyond their means. Beloit has never been cheap in any 
 other sense. Her standards of scholarship and of manliness 
 have always been of the highest and her influence has been 
 felt in all lands. So it must have been when we think of 
 the men who laid its foundations fifty years ago. So it 
 must continue to be when we think of those who guide its 
 destinies today. 
 
At the close of the commencement exercises Dr. D. K. 
 Pearsons, whose steadfast and generous friendship has been 
 the source of so much inspiration and the means of so large 
 a part of the material development of the College during the 
 past eight years, was requested to address the audience. He 
 was received with great enthusiasm, and spoke with elo- 
 quence and deep feeling of the motives which had led him 
 to make his gifts to the College, whose very beginnings he 
 had watched with vouthful interest, and in whose future he 
 feels strong confidence. He concluded by crowning the 
 half-century with another royal gift,- the promise of a 
 beautiful and complete building for the young women ot 
 the College, to be commenced at once, and to be named 
 -Emerson Hair 1 in honor of the revered senior member ot 
 
 the faculty. . 
 
 The governor of the Commonwealth of Wisconsin honor- 
 ed the commencement with his presence. Among the rep- 
 resentatives of other institutions of learning who brought 
 the greeting of their faculties were President Fisk of the 
 Chicago Theological Seminary; Dean Birge, of the Univer- 
 sity of Wisconsin; Professors Chamberlin and £ Salisbury of 
 the University of Chicago; Professor Fisk of the North- 
 western University; Professor Smith, of Lake Forest Uni- 
 versity; Professor Marsh, of Ripon College; and Professor 
 Lummis, of Lawrence University. Most of these spoke at 
 the commencement dinner, as did also ex-Senator W. F 
 Vilas LL D.,Rev. Willard Scott, D. D., Dr. Pearsons Mr. 
 I W Kretzinger, Mr. C. B. Stowell,M, S. T. Merrill, Rev. 
 W. W. Leete, D. D., and Professor Emerson. 
 
114 
 
 Among: the letters and telegrams of congratulation, the 
 following was read: 
 
 Yale University, New Haven, June 17, 1897. 
 My Dear President Eaton:— 
 
 It is a matter of much regret to me that the members of our facul- 
 ties and myself are so situated at this time -this being the busiest 
 time of the year— that we are unable to be represented at your fiftieth 
 anniversary at Beloit. The relations between Yale and your College 
 in the beginning and the early history of your institution were so 
 close that we have always looked upon you as peculiarly near to us. 
 And from the early days uutil now the most friendly sentiment has 
 existed on your part towards us, and on our part towards you. We 
 congratulate you on the arrival of this most interesting anniversary. 
 It commemorates most fitly and happily the grand work which your 
 predecessors, and your associates, and yourself have accomplished. I 
 trust that it may prove to be the opening day of a new era of prosper- 
 ity and success for the institution for which you have all done so 
 much, and which you all love so sincerely. 
 
 Your list of professors and of graduates is a most honorable one. I 
 have had the privilege of knowing a goodly number of them, and I 
 hold them in the highest esteem. If I could be with you on the 23d, I 
 should give the whole company of your assembled alumni the hearti- 
 est greeting, as from a Yale brother, and should try to show you how 
 kindly our part of the great fraternity of scholars feels toward your 
 part of the same fraternity. But, as I cannot be with you, I must con- 
 tent myself with a brief friendly message in writing. Let my written 
 word, however, bear to you the friendly congratulations of all the offic- 
 ers of our University, as well as my own. 
 
 May I ask you to present my kindest personal regards to my old 
 teacher, of my undergraduate days— Professor Emerson -and to ac- 
 cept for him and for yourself my best wishes for the happiness of 
 years to come. 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 Timothy Dwight. 
 
Register of Officers and Faculty 
 1845=1897. 
 
 THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES: 
 
 Presidents— 
 
 1845 *Iiev. Aratus Kent . . }°™ 
 
 1850 *Rev. Aaron L. Chapin, D. D„ LL. D., l»» b 
 
 1886 Rev. Edward D. Eaton, D. D., LL. D., 
 
 Vice-Presidents— 
 
 1845 *Rev. Stephen Peet *{««(} 
 
 1850 *Rev. Aratus Kent ^KXfi 
 
 1870 *Rev. Ruel M. Pearson . . J°°" 
 
 1886 *Rev. A. L. Chapin, D. D., LL. 1)., 18y4 
 
 1892 Thomas D. Robertson 
 
 Secretaries- 
 
 1845 *Rev. Dexter Clary . J&JJ 
 
 1874 Rev. Henry P. Higley, D. D 18yi 
 
 1891 Charles A. Emerson 
 
 Members— ^ „ fiq 
 
 1845 *Rev. Aratus Kent *t«?5 
 
 1845 *Rev. Stephen Peet . . .... ... • 
 
 1845 *Rev. Dexter Clary ■ J2 -q 
 
 1845 *Rev. Flavel Bascom lg ' 50 
 
 1845 *Rev. Calvin Waterbury *. 87 o 
 
 1845 *Rev. Jedediah D Stevens • . • nm 
 
 1845 *Rev. Aaron L. Chapin, D. D. ^L. D 
 
 1845 *Rev. Ruel M. Pearson #lg36 
 
 1845 *George W. Hickox 1851 
 
 1845 * Augustine Raymond 1848 
 
 1845 *Charles M. Goodsell J 857 
 
 1845 *Ephraim H. Potter * lhH6 
 
 1845 *Lucius G. Fisher * 1890 
 
 1845 *Wait Talcott . 18 47 
 
 1845 *Charles S. Hempstead # lg6 - 
 
 1845 *Samuel Hinman 
 
 1848 *Horatio Newhall, M. D 1858 
 
 1848 *Eliphalet Cramer . . 
 
 1850 Rev. George S. F. Savage, D. D 1858 
 
 1851 *Rev. Harvey Curtis, D. D * lg60 
 
 1851 *Rev. John Lewis ' * 1883 
 
 1851 * Benjamin W. Raymond l858 
 
 1856 Rev. Isaac E. Carey ' * 186 3 
 
 1556 * James H. Rogers .. . . • • • ■ '.".'.' 1865 
 
 1856 *Rev. Horatio N. Bnnsmade, D. D 
 
 1856 Anson P. Waterman . . • • • ■ ■ " 1861 
 
 1858 *Rev. Zephaniah M. Humphrey, D. U 1863 
 
 1858 *Kev. Henry B. Holmes 
 
 1858 Thomas D. Robertson ' * 1886 
 
 1858 *Ellis 8. Chesbrough * 1860 
 
 1858 *Rev.Charles P. Bush, D. D 1870 
 
 1860 *Rev. Martin P. Kinney 
 
 ~^e7secT~Asterisk before date indicates tenure of office until decease. 
 
116 
 
 Register of Officers and Faculty. 
 
 1861 
 1862 
 1863 
 
 Joeiah L. Pickard, LL. D. 
 
 ♦Rev. Charles D. Helmer 
 
 Rev. Isaac E. Carey 
 
 Samuel D. Hastings 
 ♦Rev. Enos J. Montague 
 
 Rev. Samuel W. Eaton D. D. 
 
 John B. Goodrich 
 *Roger H. Mi] Is 
 
 Sereno T. Merrill 
 
 Rev. Joseph Collie, D. D. 
 
 Rev. Lyman Whiting, D. D. 
 *Harlan M. Page 
 
 Rev. Henry P. Higley, D. D. 
 
 Orlando B. Bidwell 
 
 Rev. Henry A. Miner . 
 
 Rev. Henry T. Rose 
 
 Rev. John McLean 
 
 Dexter A. Knowlton 
 
 Rev. Dexter D. Hill . 
 
 Rev. Edward D. Eaton. D. D 
 
 Elijah Swift 
 ♦James W. Scoville 
 ♦James B. Peet 
 
 Rev. Frederick A. Noble, D. 
 
 Rev. Judson Titsworth 
 ♦Samuel K. Martin . 
 
 Edward H. Pitkin 
 
 Charles M. Blackman . 
 
 Albert F. Story . 
 
 William E. Hale . 
 
 James K. Moore . 
 
 Robert E. Jenkins . 
 
 Elbridge G. Keith 
 
 A. C. Bartlett . 
 
 Rev. Walter M. Barrows, D. 
 
 William Spooner 
 
 ('harles A. Emerson . 
 
 Rev. George H. Ide, D. D. 
 
 Edward P. Bacon 
 
 Frank G. Logan 
 
 George H. Ray 
 
 Henry S. Osborne . 
 
 Jonathan S. Peirce 
 
 Rev. Edward P. Salmon 
 
 Rev. Sedgwick P. Wilder . 
 
 Rev. Joseph II. Selden . 
 
 Philo F. Pettibone 
 
 Fredrick G. Ensign 
 
 John E. Wilder . 
 
 Rev. William H. Day , 
 Treasurers— 
 
 1845 ♦Benjamin Durham 
 
 ♦Jackson J. Bushnell . 
 ♦Leander D. Gregory 
 
 Anson P. Waterman . 
 Sereno T. Merrill 
 
 Rev. Dexter D. Hill, . 
 1882 ♦John H. French 
 1889 Dexter A. Knowlton . 
 Acting and Assistant Treasurers 
 
 1886 ♦Aaron L. Chapin. D. D. 
 
 1887 ♦Rev. Lucian D. Mears 
 1891 Anson P. Waterman 
 
 Financial Agents and Secretaries 
 1849 ♦Rev. Stephen Peet . 
 
 1853 ♦Rev. O. S. Powell 
 
 1854 Rev. Huntington Lyman 
 
 1866 
 
 1866 
 
 1867 
 
 1870 
 1870 
 1873 
 1874 
 1874 
 1876 
 1876 
 1878 
 1878 
 1881 
 1881 
 1883 
 I.vCj 
 1886 
 1886 
 ihm; 
 1886 
 1887 
 
 1889 
 1889 
 1891 
 1891 
 1891 
 189 L 
 1892 
 1892 
 1893 
 1893 
 1893 
 1893 
 1893 
 1893 
 1894 
 1895 
 1897 
 1897 
 1897 
 
 1849 
 
 1856 
 
 1877 
 1881 
 
 I). 
 
 LL 
 
 1878 
 1876 
 1874 
 1891 
 ♦1881 
 
 1890 
 
 ♦1881 
 
 1877 
 ♦1886 
 
 1892 
 
 1883 
 1885 
 
 1886 
 
 1886 
 ♦1891 
 
 1893 
 1897 
 
 1897 
 
 ?1846 
 1856 
 
 1877 
 1881 
 
 1887 
 1891 
 
 1852 
 1854 
 1855 
 
Register of Officers and Faculty. 117 
 
 1958 Rev. S. Beane 1858 
 
 1863 *Rev. Philo C. Pettibone 1870 
 
 1877 hev. Henry H. Benson 1878 
 
 1878 Rev. Henry A. Miner 1880 
 
 1881 Rev. Dexter D. Hill 1883 
 
 1884 *Kev. George W. Nelson 1886 
 
 1888 A. T. Hemingway 1888 
 
 1889 Rev. Louis E. Holden 
 
 PROFESSORS; 
 
 Mathematics and Natural, Philosophy— 
 
 1848 * Jackson J. Bushnell, M. A 1859 
 
 1860 Rev. Henry 8. Kelsey, M. A 1863 
 
 1864 *Jackson J. Bushnell, M. A *1873 
 
 1879 Thomas A. Smith, Ph. D 
 
 Languages— 
 
 1848 Rev. Joseph Emerson, M. A 1856 
 
 Chemistry and Natural Science— 
 
 1849 *S. Pearl Lathrop, M. D 1854 
 
 1858 * Henry B. Nason, Ph. I) 1866 
 
 1866 Elijah P. Harris, Ph. D. . 1868 
 
 1868 *James H. Eaton, Ph. D 1873 
 
 Intellectual and Moral Philosophy— 
 
 1850 *Miles P. Squier. D. D. (Emeritus, 1864) *1866 
 
 1864 *James J. Blaisdell, D. D *1896 
 
 History and Civil Polity — 
 
 1853 *AaronL. Chapin. D.D., LL.D 1886 
 
 Rhetoric and English Literature— 
 
 1854 Franklin W. Fisk, D. D., LL.D 1859 
 
 1859 *James J. Blaisdell, D. D 1864 
 
 1868 Rev. Lyman S. Rowland, M. A 1870 
 
 1871 Rev. Henry M. Whitney, M. A 
 
 Greek Language and Literature— 
 
 1856 Joseph Emerson, D. D 
 
 Latin Language and Literature— 
 
 1856 WiUiam Porter, D. D 
 
 Modern Languages— 
 
 1871 Peter Hendrickson, M. A 1884 
 
 1886 Arthur C. Dawson, B. L 1887 
 
 1888 Calvin W. Pearson. Ph. D 
 
 Chemistry and Mineralogy — 
 
 1873 * James H. Eaton, Ph. D *1877 
 
 1881 Erastus G. Smith, Ph. D 
 
 Geology. Zoology and Botany — 
 
 1873 Thomas C. Chamberlin, Ph. D 1880 
 
 1884 Rollin D. Salisbury, M. A 1889 
 
 Geology— 
 
 1880 Thomas C. Chamberlin. LL. D., Ph. D. (Lecturer 1883-1886). . 1883 
 
 1889 Rollin D. Salisbury, M. A 1891 
 
 1893 George L. Collie, Ph. D • 
 
 History— 
 
 1886 Edward D. Eaton, LL. D., D. D 
 
 Civil Polity— 
 
 1886 *Aaron L. Chapin, LL. D., D. D *1892 
 
 Astronomy. (Also Director of Observatory)— 
 
 1886 Charles A. Bacon, M. A - 
 
 Botany— 
 
 1890 Hiram D. Densmore, M. A 
 
118 Register of Officers and Faculty. 
 
 Astronomical Physics— 
 
 1891 George E. Hale, B. S. {Lecturer from, 1893) .... 1893 
 Greek Literature and Art— 
 
 1892 Theodore L. Wright, M. A 
 
 Oratory— 
 
 1892 Rev. Louis E. Holden. M. A 
 
 Political Economy— 
 
 1892 Robert C. Chapin, M. A 
 
 Music— 
 
 1896 Benjamin D. Allen 
 
 Principals of the Academy and Preparatory Department— 
 
 1854 *Lucius D. Chapin, M. A 1855 
 
 1855 John P. Fisk, M. A 1871 
 
 1871 Ira W. Pettibone, M. A 1881 
 
 1881 William W. Rowlands, M. A 1881 
 
 L884 Rev. Almon W. Burr, M. A. (Also Professor of Pedagogics from 
 
 t886) . 
 
 Librarians— 
 
 1849 Joseph Emerson, D. D 1896 
 
 1896 Charles A. Bacon, M. A. (Acting Librarian from iwj. . 
 
 ACTING AND ASSISTANT PROFESSORS: 
 
 Mathematics— 
 
 1852 William Porter, A. - 1856 
 
 Chemistry— 
 
 1880 C. Gilbert Wheeler, Ph. D 1881 
 
 Geology, Zoology and Botany— 
 
 1880 James E. Todd, M. A 1883 
 
 1883 Rollin D. Solisbury, M. A 1884 
 
 Modern Languages— 
 
 1885 Arthur C. Dawson. B. L 1886 
 
 1887 Calvin W. Pearson, Ph. D 1888 
 
 Ancient Languages— 
 
 1888 Theodore L. Wright, M. A 1892 
 
 Philosophy— 
 
 1897 Guy A. Tawney, Ph. D 
 
 INSTRUCTORS: 
 
 Mathematics— 
 
 1855 *Rev. Mason P. Grosvenor 1855 
 
 1856 *Rev. Melzar Montague, M. A 1856 
 
 Chemistry— 
 
 1856 * James Richards, M. D 1857 
 
 Rhetoric— 
 
 1865 *Henry C. Dickinson, B. A 1866 
 
 1866 *Rev. Edward G. Miner, M. A 1867 
 
 Modern Languages— 
 
 1870 Peter Hendrickson, M. A 1871 
 
 1885 Mills Whittlesey, M. A 1885 
 
 Physics— 
 
 1876 Goodwin D. Swezey, M. A 1877 
 
 Mineralogy and Natural History— 
 
 1877 Goodwin D. Swezey, M. A. . 1879 
 
 Mathematics and Chemistry— 
 
 1877 Thomas A. Smith, Ph. D 1879 
 
Register of Officers and Faculty. 110 
 
 Elocution (Oratory)— 
 
 1884 J. R. J. Anthony 1887 
 
 1887 Edward M. Booth, M. A L891 
 
 1891 Bov. Louis E. Holden, M. A 1892 
 
 Mathematics and Astronomy. {Also Director of the observatory.)— 
 
 1884 JohnTatlock,Jr., B. A 18*5 
 
 1885 Charles A. Bacon, M. A 1886 
 
 Natural Sciences— 
 
 1886 David J. Lingle, B. S 1887 
 
 Biology— 
 
 1888 Hiram D. Densmore, M. A 1890 
 
 Civil Polity— 
 
 1888 Robert C. Chapin, M. A 1889 
 
 History and Political Economy-- 
 
 1890 Dwight B. Waldo, Ph. M. . . 1*92 
 
 Music— 
 
 1892 Bev. Henry D. Sleeper 1894 
 
 1894 Renjamin D. Allen 1896 
 
 Geology— 
 
 1892 Carry E. Culver 1892 
 
 Art— 
 
 1893 Lawton S. C. Parker 1894 
 
 1894 Charles F. Browne 1-95 
 
 1895 Harry W. Methven 1^95 
 
 Physical Culture— 
 
 1804 John W. Hollister, B. A 1895 
 
 1895 Charles M. Hollister, M. D 
 
 TUTODS— 
 
 1849 Isaac E. Carey, B. A 1851 
 
 1850 *Joseph Hurlbut, B. A 1851 
 
 1851 *Thomas S. Potwin, B. A 1*53 
 
 1853 *Fisk P. Brewer, B. A 1854 
 
 1854 Lewis C. Baker, B. A 1855 
 
 1855 William U. Alexander, B. A 1*56 
 
 185B Peter McVicar, B. A 1857 
 
 1857 William H. Ward, B. A 1858 
 
 1857 Franklin C. Jones, B. A Ia5« 
 
 1858 *Henry S. DeForst, B. A * I860 
 
 1864 *Henry C. Dickinson. B. A 1*65 
 
 1869 *M. Stuart Phelps, B. A 1869 
 
 Assistant Principals of the Academy— 
 
 1890 Wayland S. Axtell. M. A. , 1*92 
 
 1892 George P. Bacon, M. A, , 1897 
 
 Assistants and Instructors in Preparatory School and Academy— 
 
 1871 Allison D. Adams, B. A 1872 
 
 1872 Thomas D. Christie, B. A 1874 
 
 1874 Goodwin D. Sweezey, B. A 1875 
 
 1875 Samuel T. Kidder, B. A 1876 
 
 1876 John F. Home, B. A 1877 
 
 1877 Robert B. Riggs, B. A • . . . 1879 
 
 1879 John F. Home, M. A 1880 
 
 1880 Edward M. Hill, B. A 1881 
 
 1881 Theodore L. Wright, B. A 1883 
 
 1882 Rollin D. Salisbury, B. A 1883 
 
 1883 James Simmons, Jr., B. Ph 18*4 
 
 1884 Theodore L. Wright, M. A 1886 
 
 1886 Horace S. Fiske. M. A 1887 
 
 1887 Theodore L. Wright, M. A 1888 
 
 1887 Rufus B. McClenon, M. A. . - 1889 
 
 1888 J Llewellyn J. Davies,LB..A 1889 
 
120 Register of Officers and Faculty. 
 
 1889 William A. Perkins, M. A 1892 
 
 1889 Henry B. Kummel, B. A 1891 
 
 1889 William K. Hay 
 
 1891 Harry A. Cushing, B. A 1893 
 
 1891 Elliot K. Downing, M. S 1896 
 
 1892 Ernest L. Benson, B. A I 1 "?* 
 
 1893 Allan P. Ball, M. A 1897 
 
 1891 Arthur E. Fraser, B. A 1895 
 
 1895 Robert J. Eddy. B. A 
 
 1896 Howard S. Brode, Ph. D 
 
 This record would be incomplete without the mention of Mr. John Pfeffer's 
 service as janitor from 1864. 
 
 Cham, Ingeesoll. Printer, Beloit, Wis 
 
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