State of Illinois 
 
 Department of Registration and Education 
 
 STATE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY DIVISION 
 
 John C. Frye, Chief 
 
 flJl 
 
 l&_ 
 
 
 
 GEOLOGICAL SCIENCE FIELD TRIP 
 
 Sponsored by 
 
 ILLINOIS STATE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, URBANA 
 
 SHE 
 
 Carroll and Whiteside Counties 
 Clinton and Savanna Quadrangles 
 
 Leaders 
 George M. Wilson 
 
 I. Edgar Odom 
 Betty J. Hanagan 
 Urbana, Illinois 
 September 13, 1958 
 
 GUIDE LEAFLET 1958-D 
 
 Host; Fulton High School 
 
» n 
 
FULTON GEOLOGICAL SCIENCE FIELD TRIP 
 Suggestion: Have someone read the guide leaflet as we travel. 
 
 0.0 0.0 Caravan assemble at the Fulton Community High School. 
 
 0.1 0.1 Turn left. 
 
 0.1 0.2 STOP. Turn right (east) on U.S. 30. 
 
 0.2 0.4 Dropping off of terrace. 
 
 0.2 0.6 SLOW. Turn right (south). 
 
 0.3 0.9 STOP. Turn left (east). Enter U.S. 30. The road crosses a portion 
 of the old channel of the ancestral Mississippi River. 
 
 1.7 2.6 Note high terrace level on right. 
 
 0.3 2.9 CAUTION. Turn right (south) on black top road. 
 
 0.1 3.0 SLOW. Rough bridge. 
 
 0.2 3.2 CAUTION. Danger. Railroad crossing. 
 
 0.1 3.3 SLOW. Note limestone outcrop on left. 
 
 Most of the rocks in this part of Illinois are of Silurian age, 
 dipping to the south. The principal geological structure in this 
 region is the Savanna Anticline, and these rocks are on the south 
 flank of this structure. The limestone is a saccharoidal (sugary) 
 dolomite of Racine age. The rock is quite fossiliferous, but 
 preservation of fossils is poor. 
 
 0.1 3.4 Rise to higher level of terrace. 
 
 0.2 3.6 Note the sand-capped ridge. 
 
 0.1 3.7 Note the elongate ridge called a "paha" on the left. 
 
 0.2 3.9 Stop 1. 
 
 The glaciers that covered Illinois and the northern part of 
 North America spread out from various centers of accumulation in 
 Canada, at different times during the periods of glaciation (Pleis- 
 tocene). These stages of glaciation are named from the areas of their 
 most typical development, and they are, from the oldest to the youngest, 
 Nebraskan, Kansan, Illinoian, and Wisconsinan. Between the glacial -\*^\^ 
 stages were warmer intervals or interglacial stages when soils and ^^ ^r^ 
 profiles of weathering developed on the deposits of glacial drift ^ vi> ^» 
 left by the last glacier. \\£ <i>* ^ 
 
 Glaciers accumulate when the mean average temperature is so low jg^ 
 that the winter snows do not all melt during the following summer. 
 This accumulation goes on for hundreds, perhaps thousands of years. 
 The weight of the ice mass finally makes it flow outward. Glaciers 
 advanced as far south as the Missouri and Ohio rivers and south of 
 Carbondale and Harrisburg in Illinois. Some geologists believe that 
 
~2- 
 
 only a drop of 4 degrees in the mean average temperature will bring a 
 return of the "Ice Age" conditions. 
 
 When, for unknown reasons, the mean average temperature rose, 
 the glacial ice, melting more rapidly, halted the advance of the ice 
 front. The earth material that had been picked up and frozen into 
 the advancing ice was dropped when the ice melted. Where the glacial 
 deposit is an unsorted mixture of clay (rock flour), pebbles, or 
 boulders, it is called till . 
 
 The melt water pouring out from the ice carried with it much of 
 the finer material such as sand, silt and pebbles. This water-sorted 
 material is called outwash . The coarser outwash material was deposited 
 near the ice front, the finer materials farther away. Where the 
 outwash material was dropped widely as a sort of apron in front of 
 the ice, it is called an outwash plain ; where it was dropped in valleys 
 which drained away from the melting ice, it is called a valley-train . 
 
 Geologists think that during the fall and winter the melt waters 
 subsided so that the outwash plains and valley-trains were exposed to 
 the winds. The wind picked up silt and fine sand, blew them across 
 the country, sorted the sand into dunes, and beyond the dunes deposited 
 the silt as loess . A covering of loess is found almost everywhere 
 in Illinois and is much thicker near large valleys, which served as 
 major channels during glacial times. 
 
 At least three stages of glaciation have influenced the history 
 of this region. The Nebraskan Glacier approached the area from the 
 west. Approaching from both the east and the west, the Kansan ice 
 covered western Illinois from Savanna eastward to Hennepin following 
 near the present channel of the Illinois River and then cutting back 
 across the Mississippi near northern Calhoun county. 
 
 The Illinoian ice mass also approached the area. Some geologists 
 believe that the till found in the Stockton area and east of Fulton is 
 Illinoian, while others prefer to call it the earliest Wisconsinan 
 drift or Tazewell. The southern portion of the Clinton sheet with the 
 modified topography has drift that is younger than Tazewell and is 
 thought to be Iowan. 
 
 The glaciers that covered this area caused the unusual topography 
 in the southern portion of the region. The thin till plain has deposits 
 of winnowed sand and silt covered with loess. There are some eskers 
 which have been the source of gravel operations. "Pahas," the elongated 
 sand bars, are water deposits which were later modified by the wind. 
 In order to control the slumping and blowing of the fine sand, the sur- 
 face has been covered with macadam. DO NOT DISTURB THIS SURFACE. 
 
 0.5 4.4 Notice the paha on the left. 
 
 0.2 4.6 Crossing paha. 
 
 0.3 4.9 CAUTION. Cross roads. Turn left (east). 
 
 0.6 5.5 Note the Silurian-Racine dolomite outcrops on the left and right. 
 
 0.1 5.6 Turn right (south). 
 
0.3 5.9 Crossing paha. 
 
 0.2 6.1 Turn left (east). 
 
 0.2 6.3 Ridges on right are sand capped. Note dolomite and loess on left 
 side of bluff. We are now travelling along the edge of Cattail 
 Slough in a southeasterly direction. This slough marks one of the 
 former channels of the Mississippi in preglacial and earlier glacial 
 times. 
 
 0.4 6.7 Note the Silurian-Racine dolomite outcrop in the stream on the left. 
 
 0.3 7.0 Note the terrace remnant on the right. 
 
 0.2 7.2 Silurian dolomite outcrop on the right. 
 
 0.5 7.7 Terrace remnants on the right. 
 
 0.3 8.0 STOP. Caution on entering Detour U.S. Rt. 30. Turn left. 
 
 0.1 8.1 Stop 2. Soil profile exposed in ditch. 
 
 Inches 
 
 Silt, with soil profile developed, carbonaceous 18-30 
 Buff colored silt with sand lenses and an occasional 
 
 small channel in the lower portion 24-36 
 Peaty soil - A zone 6-15 
 
 Silt, brown, heavily oxidized - B zone 6-8 
 
 Silt, oxidized, olive green, with calcareous limonitic 
 
 concretions around root veinlets - C zone 36-48 
 
 Note particularly the silt above the A zone in the buried soil. 
 It is laminated and includes small lines of pebbles. 
 
 The subsidence of this road is probably due to the compaction of 
 the peat. 
 
 0.6 8.7 Note the sand dune on the left. 
 
 0.1 8.8 SLOW. Turn left. 
 
 0.1 8.9 Note the depression and blowout characteristics on both sides of 
 the road. 
 
 0.2 9.1 Stop 3. Soil profile in loess. 
 
 Feet Inches 
 Dark humus soil IS 
 
 Loess, reddish-brown, sticky - B zone 36-40 
 Till, buff colored, gravelly 3-4 
 
 0.1 9,2 Crossing a paha. 
 
 0.2 9.4 Crossing another paha. Note the parallelism of these elongate ridges. 
 
 0.5 9.9 CAUTION. T-road east. 
 
 1.4 11.3 Note the sand in the road-cut on the right. 
 
Digitized by the Internet Archive 
 
 in 2012 with funding from 
 
 University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign 
 
 http://archive.org/details/guideleafletgeo58wils 
 
-4- 
 
 1.5 12.8 STOP* Turn left (northwest) entering Rt. 30. CAUTION. 
 
 0.6 13.4 Note the sand duues on right and left which developed on the east 
 side of Cattail Slough. 
 
 0.8 14.2 SLOW. Turn right. 
 
 0.1 14.3 CAUTION. Railroad crossing. 
 
 0.1 14.4 Buff dolomite on left side of road. 
 
 0.3 14.7 Note dolomite bedrock overlain by 6-8 inch zone of pebbles, which 
 
 overlies the bedrock. In some instances the pebbles are polished and 
 slightly faceted. Black sand surrounds these pebbles. 
 
 0.1 14.8 Deeply weathered loess on right. Color - chocolate brown. 
 
 0.3 15.1 SLOW. Overpass. 
 
 0.1 15.2 Sand dune on right. 
 
 0.5 15.7 Note the dark brown sand on the right. We are travelling along the 
 east edge of Cattail Slough. The sand was probably blown from the 
 barren flats during the fall and winter seasons of the Pleistocene. 
 
 0.2 15.9 Stop 4. Alldritt Bros. Quarry. 
 
 Enter the quarry and collect fossil corals. CAUTION _ DO NOT 
 CLIMB ON THE WALLS OF THE QUARRY. This quarry is operating in the 
 Waukesha Formation of the Silurian. A larg e clay vein traverses the 
 quarry fr om northwest to sou theast. Pennsylvanian rock can be found 
 --~-^-— - ■ njuly a iuw miies south of Port Byron and perhaps these clays are all 
 that is left of the Pennsylvanian in this area. Another suggestion 
 is that the clay is of Cretaceous age. 
 
 Silurian rocks in Illinois represent a great accumulation of 
 limestone and dolomite which grew in marine conditions. After this 
 limestone accumulated, the process of dolomitization took place. 
 
 The rocks here dip perceptibly to the south because we are on 
 the south flank of the large Savanna Anticline. 
 
 0.2 16.1 Note the dolomite outcrop in the pasture on the right. 
 
 0.2 16.3 Abandoned quarry on the right. Waukesha Formation. 
 
 0.1 16.4 SLOW. Turn right (east). 
 
 0.2 16.6 SLOW, Turn left (north). The silts, which may be seen by going up 
 the black top road, were poured into this valley from the east, when 
 glacial Lake Savanna stood at a level of 679 feet. Many of the streams 
 in this area have similar high water silts. 
 
 0.7 17.3 Note the terrace remnant. At least three terrace levels are in 
 
 the present Mississippi valley, at approximately 620, at the general 
 valley elevation of 590-600, and at the lower, present small flood- 
 plain elevation of 580 feet. 
 
-5- 
 
 0.2 17.5 Turn left (north). 
 
 0.3 17.8 Crossing Otter Creek. Streams in this area are leveed so that when 
 
 there is a heavy rainfall, the water will be taken away without flooding 
 the rich land in the valley. 
 
 0.2 18.0 T-road east. 
 
 0.2 18.2 Note the large talus block on the left. 
 
 0.2 18.4 Exposure of Waukesha Dolomite on right. 
 
 0.4 18.8 Exposure of Waukesha Dolomite on right. 
 
 0.4 19.2 Terrace remnant on right. 
 
 0.7 19.9 The ancestral Mississippi valley. 
 
 0.2 20.1 Terrace remnant continues. 
 
 0.5 20.6 Note dolomite talus and juniper thicket on right. 
 
 0.1 20.7 Terrace remnant. 
 
 1.3 22.0 Note the abandoned quarry on right, where the Kankakee, Joliet and 
 lowermost Waukesha formations are exposed. 
 
 0,1 22.1 STOP. Turn left (west). 
 
 0.2 22.3 Leaving the upper terrace surface and crossing an alluvial fan 
 which has been built by Johnson Creek. 
 
 0.8 23.1 CAUTION, Railroad crossing. 
 
 1.3 24.4 STOP. Turn left, entering Rt. 80. 
 
 0.1 24.5 Stop 5. Turn right (west) Locust Street, to park cars for lunch. 
 
 0.1 24.6 Turn right (north) on Market Street. 
 
 0.1 24.7 CAUTION. Street intersection. STOP. Turn right (east). 
 
 0.1 24.8 STOP, Cross Rt. 80 with caution - entering Rts. 52 and 64. 
 
 1.4 26.2 CAUTION, Railroad crossing. 
 0.4 26.6 SLOW. Turn left (north). 
 0.3 26.9 CAUTION, Railroad crossing. 
 
 0.4 27.3 Stop 6. Park cars and climb hill. 
 
 This section is as follows: 
 
 Feet 
 Loess cover 20 
 
 Silurian System 
 Joliet Formation, thin bedded, flaggy buff dolomite 25 
 
-6- 
 
 Feet 
 Kankakee Formation, dolomite with interbedded white chert 40 
 
 Edgewood Formation, massive bedded, silty, buff to gray 
 
 dolomite 22 
 
 Covered interval 
 
 Ordovician System 
 
 Maquoketa Formation - green and gray shale 
 
 1.0 28.3 Stop 7. Discussion of Mississippi River Terraces and braided stream 
 channels on the upper terrace level. 
 
 0.5 28.8 Maquoketa Shale and lower Silurian talus on right. 
 
 0.2 29.0 Edgewood Dolomite capping the ridge. The silts are remnants of 
 the old glacial Lake Savanna. 
 
 0.6 29.6 Note the laminated silts in the roadcut on the right. 
 
 0.1 29.7 Turn left (west). Crossing an abandoned channel of the Mississippi 
 River . 
 
 0.8 30.5 West side of old channel - climbing the terrace. 
 
 0.9 31.4 STOP. Turn left (south) entering Rt. 80. 
 
 0.2 31.6 Note old braided channel of upper terrace level on the left. 
 
 4.0 35.6 CAUTION. Railroad crossing. 
 
 We are dropping from the terrace level. 
 
 1.1 36.7 Climbing terrace . 
 
 0.2 36.9 Stop 8. Sand dunes, blow-outs, and methods used to reclaim the 
 dune area by reforestation. 
 
 4.5 41.4 Turn right (west) on 10th Avenue. CAUTION. Railroad crossing. 
 Enter Fulton. 
 
 0.7 42.1 Note the Silurian dolomite used in the stone wall on right. 
 
 0.3 42.4 Fourth Street - turn right (north). Continue northward out of town. 
 
 0.7 43.1 Stop 9. McKenzie Quarry. 
 
 The quarry face is quite high, and Mr. McKenzie has insisted 
 that no one climb it. 
 
 This section is as follows: 
 
 Inches 
 Soil, gray silty 0-8 
 
 Clayey loess, yellow-brown, granular texture 0-28 
 
. - ' • S ' 
 
-7- 
 
 Inches 
 
 Loess, yellow, silty, leached, oxidized, with yellow 
 
 and gray streaks and blotches, becomes finely 
 
 sandy at the base 28-108 
 
 Loess, yellow-buff, partially oxidized with gray masses 
 
 and streaks, calcareous and fossiliferous 19-31 
 
 Farmdale loess, chocolate brown with gray splotches in 
 
 top 2 feet, with numerous carbonaceous flecks 
 
 (incipient A horizon). A little more clayey than 
 
 the Feorian loess above, and with secondary carbonates 31-37 
 Loess, chocolate brown, becoming more gray downward 
 
 and quite silty 48-60 
 
 Sangamon soil profile developed on sands with some 
 
 gravel showing near the base 37-44 
 
 The A Horizon of the Sangamon profile is 4-8 
 inches thick, silty, reddish brown with some 
 clay accumulation. The noticeable B Horizon 
 is ocherous about 2-3 feet from the top of 
 the Sangamon zone. 
 
 In the bedrock the section is as follows: 
 
 Inches 
 Silurian System 
 Waukesha Formation 
 Thick bedded, biostromal 30 
 
 Joliet Formation - medium to thin bedded, with many 
 
 corals and brachiopods 20 
 
 Revised July 1963. 
 
,n'ji' 
 
Time Table of Pleistocene Glaciation 
 (after M. M. Leighton and H. B. Willman, 1950, J. C. Prye and H. B. Willman, 1960) 
 
 Stage 
 
 Recent 
 
 Wi scons inan 
 
 12,500 yearB" 
 Woodfordian 
 
 Sangamonian 
 
 (3rd interglacial) 
 
 Illinoian 
 (3rd glacial 
 
 Yarmouthian 
 
 (2nd interglacial) 
 
 Kansan 
 
 (2nd glacial) 
 
 Aftonian 
 
 (1st interglacial) 
 
 Nebraskan 
 (1st glacial) 
 
 Sub stag e 
 
 5,000 years 
 Valderan 
 
 11,000 years- 
 Twocreekan 
 
 22,000 years" 
 Farmdalian 
 
 28,000 years- 
 Ail tonian 
 
 50,000 to 
 70,000 years 
 
 Buffalohartan 
 
 Jacksonvillian 
 
 Paysonian 
 (terminal) 
 
 Lovelandian 
 (Pro-Illinoian) 
 
 Nature of Deposits 
 
 Soil, youthful profile 
 of weathering, lake and 
 river deposits, dunes, 
 Peat 
 
 Out wash 
 
 Peat, alluvium 
 
 Drift, loess, dunes 
 lake deposits 
 
 Soil, silt and 
 peat 
 
 Drift, loess 
 
 Soil, mature profile 
 of weathering, al- 
 luvium, peat 
 
 Drift 
 Drift 
 Drift 
 
 Loess (in advance of 
 glaciation) 
 
 Soil, mature profile 
 of weathering, al- 
 luvium, peat 
 
 Drift 
 Loess 
 
 Soil, mature profile 
 of weathering, al- 
 luvium, peat 
 Drift 
 
 Special Features 
 
 Glaciation in northern 
 Illinois 
 
 Ice withdrawal, erosion 
 
 Glaciation, building of 
 many moraines as far 
 south as Shelbyville, ex- 
 tensive valley trains, 
 outwash plains, and lakes 
 
 Ice withdrawal, weather- 
 ing, and erosion 
 
 Glaciation in northern 
 Illinois, valley trains 
 along major rivers, 
 Winnebago drift 
 
-9- 
 
 Recent Allu- 
 ] Tazewell drift) vium 
 ) Wisconsin 
 lowan drift ) 
 
 sconsinan 
 
 Geneseo 
 
 £B Shelbyville over Kansan gum- 
 X Garden Plain botil. 
 eskeri ne tract. 
 
 J 10 miles 
 
 Glacial geology of the Port Byron area, from Illinois Geol. Survey Rept. Inv. 
 No. 174, by Paul Shaffer. 
 
 Much of the Port Byron area may have been covered by the Kansan Ice, traces of 
 which are found only a short distance to the northwest, near Lyons, la. After 
 each glaciation the Mississippi River and its tributaries, the Wapsipinicon 
 and Pleasant rivers regained their courses. 
 
 The glacier of the Tazewell substage of the Wisconsinan advanced into this area 
 from the east, blocked the streams and created Lake Milan, which had its out- 
 let westward and southward from Andalusia , When the early Wisconsinan Glacier 
 reached Hillsdale, it raised the lake level in the Mississippi and Wapsipin- 
 icon valleys. The water escaped over a col in what is now the Cordova gorge, 
 cutting the valley deeper and deeper. 
 
 The maximum advance of the early Wisconsinan Glacier caused the upper Mississippi 
 Valley lake to rise higher and higher. Its waters escaped westward through the 
 Maquoketa valley, south through Goose Lake channel, and east along the ice 
 front to the Cordova gorge. When the early Wisconsinan melted, the Mississippi 
 River followed a new course through the Cordova gorge and the Andalusia outlet. 
 
-10- 
 
 As the glaciers melted, they liberated volumes of water loaded with mud, sand, 
 gravel, and boulders. The earth materials were carried down streams and into 
 rivers that flowed away from the ice. Streams like the Mississippi River 
 became choked with sediment, which built up the valley floor until the river 
 flowed hundreds of feet above its former level. Winds blowing across the 
 sand and mud flats picked up dust and sand, deposited the sand as dunes along 
 the sides of the valleys, and deposited the dust as loess over the uplands 
 adjacent to the valleys. 
 
 + <&* 
 
 V 
 
 & 
 
:,::::^- r 3-sv lo ' ""s- [•;%■ '••• *:vi.*jrti.< 
 
 ..-•..'-■ I:-'?* ■ .3 • ;.'r < ;• 
 
GEOLOGIC COLUMN - FULTON AREA 
 
 ERAS 
 
 FERZGDS 
 
 EPOCHS 
 
 BBK&BKS 
 
 soic 
 life" 
 
 Age of 
 Mammals 
 
 Quaternary 
 
 Pleistocene 
 
 Till, loess, and dune 
 sand on uplands; outwash, 
 lake silts and alluvium 
 in river valleys 
 
 Ceno: 
 "Recent 
 
 Tertiary 
 
 Pliocene 
 
 Miocene 
 
 Oligocene 
 
 Eocene 
 
 Paleocene 
 
 Not present in Fulton 
 area 
 
 (!) 
 O 
 
 Age of 
 Reptiles 
 
 Cretaceous 
 
 
 Present only in extreme 
 southern. Illinois - maybe 
 in clav pockets 
 
 •h a) 
 
 O "O 
 
 Jurassic 
 
 
 Not present in Illinois 
 
 CO >H 
 
 Trias sic 
 
 
 Not present in Illinois 
 
 
 Amphibians & 
 Early Plants 
 
 Permian 
 
 
 Not present in Illinois 
 
 
 Pennsylvanian 
 
 
 Present in small areas - 
 maybe 
 
 
 Mississippian 
 
 
 Not present in Fulton area 
 
 O «H 
 
 CO 
 
 CD 
 
 ja 
 
 CO 
 •H 
 ft, 
 
 CO 
 CD 
 4J 
 
 CO 
 M 
 
 •a 
 
 CD 
 
 u 
 u 
 
 01 
 
 3 
 H 
 
 CM 
 O 
 
 CD 
 00 
 < 
 
 Devonian 
 
 
 Present in Moline area 
 
 O «-» 
 N 
 
 O 4J 
 <U 3 
 
 Silurian 
 
 Cayugan 
 
 Not present in Fulton area 
 
 Pa] 
 "Anci€ 
 
 Niagaran Port Byron 
 Racine 
 Waukesha 
 Joliat 
 
 Not present in Fulton area 
 Present in the Fulton area 
 
 
 Alexandrian- 
 Edgewood 
 
 Present in Fulton area 
 
 
 Ordovician 
 
 Cincinnatian Maquokel 
 Champ la inian Galena 
 
 a Present in Fulton- 
 Savanna area 
 
 
 Cambrian 
 
 
 Not exposed in Fulton area 
 
 Proterozoic 
 Archeozoic y 
 
 Referred to as "Precambrian time" 
 
 No data available 
 
TILL PLAINS SECTION, 
 
 GREAT LAKE 
 
 SECTION 
 
 CENTRAL 
 
 LOWLAND 
 
 PROVINCE 
 
 ^y 
 
 o / ^_= 
 
 V. / i/ 53 "*^ 
 
 / I 
 
 <o \ >\ 
 
 ~ ) V- 
 
 < / H 1 
 
 CENTRAL 
 
 LOWLAND 
 
 PROVINCE 
 
 INTERIOR 
 LOW 
 
 PLATEAUS 
 PROVINCE 
 
 ILLINOIS STATg GCOLOCICAL SUtVEr 
 
 COASTAL PLAIN 
 PROVINCE 
 
 PHYSIOGRAPHIC DIVISIONS OF ILLINOIS 
 
 (Reprinted from Illinois State Geological Survey Report of 
 Investigations 129, "Physiographic Divisions of Illinois, " 
 by M. M. Leighton, George E. Ekblaw, and Leland Horberg) 
 
 (47669-15M-U-61) 
 
:T TwiNNfBAcfd'" U66NE 1 mc/enrv ' "I LAKE r nr.;:;| 
 
 T 
 
 GEOLOGIC MAP OF ILLINOIS 
 
 showing 
 
 BEDROCK BELOW 
 
 THE GLACIAL DRIFT 
 
 1961 
 
 Tertiary 
 (Pliocene omitted) 
 
 Pennsylvanian 
 (Above No. 6 Coal) 
 
 Pennsylvanian 
 (Below No. 6 Coal) 
 
 Misslssippian 
 (Middle and Lower) 
 
 Silurian and Devonian 
 
 ILLINOIS STATE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, URBAHA 
 
 C47fifiQ— 1 W- 1 l.fill ,.,™,iS,-..,. ,. 
 
common Types of Illinois fossils 
 
 Plate I 
 
 Cup coral 
 
 GRAPTOLITE 
 
 Lithostrotion 
 
 CORALS 
 
 Honeycomb corol 
 
 Archimedes 
 
 Fenestella 
 
 Branching 
 
 BRYOZOA 
 
 CRINOID 
 
 PENTREMITE 
 
 Lingula Orbiculoidea 
 
 Spiriferoid 
 
 Productoid 
 
 Pentameroid 
 
 BRACHIOPODS 
 
 (55757-25M-5-62) 
 
Plate 2 
 
 Common Types of Illinois fossils 
 
 "Clam" 
 
 "Scallop" 
 PELECYPODS 
 
 Curved cone 
 
 Coiled cone 
 (Nautilus) 
 
 Straight cone 
 
 CEPHALOPODS 
 
 Low - spired 
 
 High- spired 
 
 Flat - spired 
 GASTROPODS 
 
 Bumastus 
 
 Calymene 
 (coiled ) 
 
 OSTRACODS 
 (greatly enlarged) 
 
 Calymene 
 (flat) 
 
 TRILOBITES 
 
 (55757-25M-5-62)