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 DELIVERED 
 
 AT HIS PRIMAEY VISITATION 
 
 OF THE 
 
 DIOCESE OF COLOMBO, 
 
 m MAY, 1879, 
 
 BY THE EIGHT REVEREND 
 
 REGINALD STEPHEN COPLESTON, D.D. 
 
 BISHOP OF COLOMBO. 
 
 (©jforb aniJ lonbon: 
 JAMES PARKER AND CO. 
 
 1879.
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 A. Introductoky. 
 
 Diocesan responsibility. — The Guidance of the Holy Ghost. 
 
 — Vocation a ground of thankfulness . . pp. 1, 2 
 
 B. Diocesan and Synodical, or Quasi- Synodical Actions. 
 (1.) Address of welcome, Feb. 1876. — (2.) Meeting of 
 
 Presbytery, Nov. 1876.— (3.) Meeting of the Bishops 
 of the Province at Calcutta, March, 1877. — Provincial 
 independence. — The Calcutta Resolutions. — Reference 
 to the several Dioceses. — (4.) Lambeth Conference, 
 July, 1878. — Value of its conclusions. — Union among 
 Anglican Churches, involving («.) Independence of 
 Provinces, (b.) Integrity of Dioceses, {c.) Requirement 
 of Letters Testimonial from Clergy. — Commendatory 
 Letters. — Day of Intercession (not to be Ascension- 
 Day). — Ritual and Episcopal Authority. — Confession. 
 — ^Versions and Modifications of the Prayer-Book. — 
 Marriage Laws. — Licences of Clergy, Lay-ministers, 
 and Churches. — The desired conditions not to be too 
 rigidly enforced. — Rules to be kept in view. — Tenure 
 of Licences by Clergy. — Conditions of a valid Licence ; 
 [(fl.) Must be voluntary on part of Bishop, (b.) Sphere 
 must be strictly defi.ned.] — Revision of Licences, with 
 a view to new tenure. — Committee for Revision of 
 Licences ..... pp. 2 — 15 
 
 C. Diocesan and Local Institutions, etc 
 
 Existing activity. — Training College. — Cemeteries. — Bi- 
 shop's Grant for Religious Instruction (separate Re- 
 ligious Instruction of Christians and non-Christians). 
 — Lay energy, and the Minor Orders of the Ministry. 
 
 pp. 15—17 
 
 D. Other Needs. 
 
 Bishop's Council. — Cathedral Chapters. — Treatment of 
 such a Council. — The proposed Cathedral . pp. 17 — 20
 
 IV 
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 E. Methods and Manner of Spiritual "Work. 
 
 Limits of our Commuuiou. — Distinctive Teaching. — None 
 may Communicate both with the Church and with other 
 bodies. — Confirmation a condition of Communion. — 
 Internal Unity. — Division by Place, not Eace. — The 
 Parochial System. — The great Missionary Agency is 
 a living Church. — Discipline (a.) of Lapsed Persons, 
 (h.) of Catechumens. — Registers and Records. — Ves- 
 tries. — Expertness in execution of all parts of Divine 
 Service, required of Ordinands. — Daily Service. — 
 Holy Days. — Caution in the use of discretion in de- 
 parting from Rubrics. — The "Longer Exhortation." 
 — The Holy Sacraments. — Joint Priesthood of Clergy 
 and Laity. — Conclusion . . . pp. 20 — 27 
 
 APPENDICES. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 A. Statement of Claims by the Bishop . . .28 
 
 B. Resolutions of the Indian Bishops at Calcutta . . 29 
 
 C. Letter and Resolutions of Lambeth Conference . . 32 
 
 D. Prospectus of Diocesan Training College . . .55 
 
 E. Cemetery Rules . . . • . .57 
 
 F. Bishop's Grant for Religious Instruction in Schools . 61 
 
 G. Proceedings of Joint Conference of Clergy and Laity, 
 
 May 1, 1879 . . • • . .63 
 
 H. Proceedings of Meeting of Presbyten-, May 2, 1879 . 64 

 
 ^ Cljarge, ^c. 
 
 Reverend Brethren and dear Brethren 
 OF THE Laity, 
 
 AN this first occasion of our meeting as a Diocese — Bishop, Diocesan 
 ^ Priests, Deacons and Laity — officially gathered together, ^j^+y'^^^" 
 you must feel, my brethren, as I do, oppressed by a sense 
 of our responsibility. "We meet in God's presence, as re- 
 presenting an organized portion of His Church : a portion 
 which, in regard to the entire Body of Christ, is a small 
 member indeed, but in regard to the individuals who com- 
 pose our diocese is a living whole. We cannot but feel, 
 that by what we do, and still more by what we are, the 
 Church in this diocese may be judged. The standard of 
 unity, of charity, of orthodoxy in the diocese generally, 
 cannot be much higher or much lower than that which 
 is found among us here to-day. Christ, looking on our 
 assembly, sees what are the attainments of this portion 
 of His Church, how much fruit His Passion has borne 
 here, whether there is an acceptable people made ready 
 in His sight. How can we bear this gaze, my brethren, 
 without dismay? Let us humble ourselves before Him, 
 confessing our sins and the sins of our people, and earn- 
 estly seek, this morning at His Altar, grace for a better 
 service in time to come, more faith and more lore. 
 
 But then, from this very thought that we represent to The guid- 
 so large an extent an organized portion of the Church, ^^^ ^, 
 comes the encouraging recollection, that in us corporatelj'' Ghost. 
 as a living body dwells, in our measure, the quickening 
 Spirit of God, He is amongst us, and will guide our 
 counsels, not so indeed as to secure us from error — for it 
 is to His whole Church, not to a fraction of it, that He 
 has promised that security, — but so as to give us great
 
 A Primary Charge to 
 
 Vocation 
 a ground 
 of thank- 
 fulness. 
 
 hope that we shall not err fatally. We have implored 
 His presence, — let us listen for His inspirations, and lay 
 our hearts open to His teaching. 
 
 And from the same thought we must draw also cause for 
 thankfulness. He who has gathered together for Himself 
 a great flock in all parts of the world to set forth the 
 eternal praise of His holy Name, has condescended to call 
 us to office and administration, whether we be priests or 
 laymen, in that Church ; has granted to us to be fellow- 
 workers with Him ; has entrusted to each of us, in his 
 vocation and calling, a share in the high privilege of pre- 
 paring His Bride for Him. And when I think, brethren, 
 that to me, who am not worthy to have a place at all 
 among you, is assigned the high and awful duty of leading 
 your service, of pouring out myself in sacrifice over that 
 united sacrifice of you all, and of presenting you and your 
 Churches to Him to Whom you have been betrothed as 
 a chaste Virgin ; while I am overwhelmed with shame 
 and self-reproach, yet I dare not keep back the expression 
 of thankfulness to Him Who has given me such a post 
 of danger and trial, and therewith, however I by my fault 
 may miss it, has put within my reach the needful strength 
 and grace. I entreat your prayers, now and always, for 
 3'our Bishop. 
 
 Let me begin by briefly reviewing the action which the 
 diocese has taken as a whole, or which has afiected the 
 diocese as a whole, since, by God's permission, I came 
 among you. I was welcomed to the office of your Bishop 
 
 1. Address by a cordial address, signed, I think, by all the Clergy, 
 FeT^lST?' ^^^ ^y ^ ^^^^ number of the Laity. This I then felt to 
 
 be of great value, and now record with great gratitude. 
 There was not in it, of course, any reference to myself 
 personally, for I was unknown to you all ; but it was an 
 expression of thankfulness for the appointment of a bishop, 
 and a testimony that although you had had no direct voice 
 in making it, you recognized it as made on your behalf, 
 and accepted it as your own. 
 
 2. Meetirife The address to which I refer, though the act of a great 
 of Pr^t)J- many, was not a diocesan act, properly speaking ; but we 
 1876. 
 
 Diocesan 
 
 events.
 
 the Diocese of Colombo. 8 
 
 are at present only learning by combinations more or less 
 tentative, to act as a corporate body. The gathering of 
 the Presbytery in this place in November of the same 
 year had more of a canonical character. It was indeed, 
 strictly speaking, a formally complete gathering — since all 
 the Priests were invited — of one order of the diocese ; but 
 since, unhappily, a number of our brethren were awa}', let 
 us rather treat it as incomplete. It was still an act of 
 much importance. The Priesthood met, according to true 
 Church principle, to advise the Bishop in a critical time ; 
 they came to a definite conclusion, by a large majority, 
 and their advice was adopted. The purport of that advice 
 was, that "the matter in question being one within the 
 discretion of the diocese, the further conduct of it may 
 safely be left in the hands of the Bishop." The question 
 was one of discipline, concerning chiefly the tenure of 
 licences by Clergy and Catechists, and the sanctioning of 
 places of worship. Encouraged by this advice of the Pres- 
 bytery, I continued to contend for the views which I had 
 asserted (see App. A), and they have subsequently re- SeeApp.A. 
 ceived the support of the two greater Church assemblies, 
 to which I have next to allude. 
 
 In March, 1877, an assembly was held at Calcutta in 3. Meeting 
 which we were greatly interested. I avoid altogether the shops o/ 
 title Synod, which implies different things in different con- ^^^ P^o- 
 nections. The four Bishops holding dioceses in the Pro- Calcutta, 
 vinee, met and conferred on questions affecting the whole j^t^"^' 
 Province. It was the beginning, at least, of provincial 
 action, and provincial action is necessary to the complete 
 organization of the Church. It is a very ancient prin- Provincial 
 ciple (asserted as an ancient principle by the Council ofgnce. 
 Nicsea, a.d. 325), that a province is complete in itself, and 
 that all questions arising should be decided in the pro- 
 vince in which they arise. Each diocese is complete in 
 itself, in the first instance, but there is appeal out of it 
 to the province ; — but out of the province there is no further 
 appeal, unless to the Universal Church. In accordance 
 with this principle, we, in Ceylon, look to Calcutta, but 
 no further. Hence our great interest, as a diocese of the 
 province in which Calcutta is the Metropolitan See, in the 
 
 b3
 
 4 A Primary Charge to 
 
 provincial action which took place there on the occasion 
 to which I am referring. This is the first opportunity 
 that I have had of announcing to you officially the results 
 of those deliberations; but so long a time has passed, that 
 I am unwilling to dwell at length upon them. They were 
 Calcutta expressed only as provisional resolutions, pending full con- 
 tions.^ sideration, and with special reference to the Lambeth Cou- 
 BeeApp.B. ference. So far as they dealt with questions similar to 
 those which had been raised here, they ratified the views 
 I had asserted : acknowledging the principles of the Bishop's 
 right to be consulted, and to exercise a veto in the case 
 of all appointments to the discharge of spiritual functions 
 of the Church, and to be consulted with regard to any 
 change in the management, order of service, or place of 
 worship of any congregation : and asserted the necessity 
 of the Bishop's licence or permission for all buildings used, 
 unless exceptionally, for the Celebration of the Holy Com- 
 munion. A resolution was also passed in reference to 
 appeals to the Metropolitan, by which the finality of his 
 decision was asserted. In another, the desirability of Dio- 
 Eeference cesan Synods was insisted on. The Bishops present under- 
 several ^°^^ ^° bring these several matters before the notice of 
 dioceses, their respective dioceses, and in particular to ascertain the 
 feelings of Clergy and Laity in reference to the constitution 
 of Diocesan Synods. Circumstances made it appear unde- 
 sirable that I should call the diocese together at that time, 
 and I obtained the permission of the Metropolitan to seek 
 to ascertain your views by more informal and gradual 
 methods. 
 Lambeth I come now to what I announced nearly a year ago as 
 ence. ' °^^ among the topics of my address on this occasion, — the 
 SeeApp.C. proceedings of the Lambeth Conference. Although that 
 
 Value of assembly did not claim for its conclusions any coercive au- 
 
 its conclu- ^ '' ... 
 
 Bions. thority, yet they cannot but have immense weight with any 
 
 one who believes in the divine guidance of the Church. 
 They have not, of course, the force of law ; no civil autho- 
 rity is enlisted in their support. That, however, would not 
 necessarily make them less binding on our consciences, if 
 they were directions addressed to us as members of a spiri- 
 tual community, by the rulers of that community. But
 
 the Diocese of Colombo. 5 
 
 they do not amount to so much as that. The character of 
 ecclesiastical legislation \^as especially disclaimed for them. 
 The Lambeth Conference was neither a representative coun- 
 cil of the whole Anglican Communion, nor the synod of any 
 province; it could not therefore legislate. Still it is true, 
 I believe, of most or all of the great councils of the early 
 Church, by whose decisions we are still guided, that they 
 were neither representative nor complete. To them all 
 bishops were invited, and those who could or would went ; 
 but there were many regions and dioceses whose bishops 
 were not present either in person or by representation. This 
 has not been held to invalidate their acts. And certainl}'' 
 no council ever held was more free than this Lambeth Con- 
 ference, either in respect of the liberty of bishops to go or 
 stay, and when there to speak their mind, or in respect 
 of the council's absolute independence — an independence, 
 perhaps, unparalleled — of the civil power. The authority 
 of the decisions even of those great councils depended on 
 their acceptance by the Church, and so it will be with the 
 Lambeth Conference. Some of its conclusions may have 
 little influence on the thought or practice of the Church ; 
 some may meet the need of a time, and then, having served 
 their purpose, be forgotten ; while some, it may be, will 
 afiect all the future of the Church, as involving re-assertions 
 or applications of great ruling principles. Our part is to 
 receive them all with at least a reverent attention. 
 
 Some matters which do not much affect our own diocese 
 the necessity of brevity leads me to omit, though I would 
 not allow that we are unconcerned in anything which con- 
 cerns any part of the Anglican Communion. The following 
 are matters which concern the whole of it. The Conference Union 
 gave its first attention to the mode of maintaining union ^°^fan 
 among the various Churches of the Anglican Communion, Chmches 
 and among many points the following demand our atten- 
 tion. As fundamental principles essential to that union, the 
 bishops insist on, (1), the independence of Provinces in the {a) Inde- 
 exercise of their own discipliue, a point noticed also in the of Pro- 
 Calcutta Resolutions ; (2), the recognition in each Diocese "^'ices ; 
 within such Province of the Bishop's jurisdiction, so that no ^arUyot 
 Bishop or other clergyman of any other Church should ex- Dioceses ;
 
 6 A Primary Charge to 
 
 ercise his functions within that Diocese without the consent 
 
 (c)Ee- of the Bishop thereof; (3), the importance of requiring let- 
 
 of Letters ters testimonial in the case of any clergyman coming into 
 
 Testimo- g^ Diocese from another Church or Province. These are prin- 
 nial from . n i • i -i 
 
 Clergy. ciples which are, I suppose, universally aamitted when 
 
 they are stated, although there has been danger of their 
 being ignored, under exceptional circumstances, in practice. 
 Commen- Under the same head comes a direction — for in a matter 
 Letters. SO practical and so practicable we are almost bound, I think, 
 to treat the advice as a command — in reference to Commen- 
 datory Letters. We use these habitually in the case of 
 Clergy, but I will quote, and earnestly commend to you for 
 practical observance, the words in which the Conference 
 advises their use in the case of Laymen : — 
 
 " They would urge yet more emphatically the importance 
 of letters commendatory being given by their own clergy- 
 men to members of their flocks going from one country to 
 another. And they consider it desirable that the Clergy 
 should urge on such persons the duty of promptly present- 
 , ing these letters, and should carefully instruct them as to 
 the oneness of the Church in its apostolical constitution 
 under its varying organization and conditions." 
 
 It is added : "It may not perhaps be considered foreign 
 to this subject, to suggest here the importance of impressing 
 upon our people the extent and geographical distribution of 
 our churches, and of reuiinding them that there is now 
 hardly any part of the world where members of our Com- 
 munion may not find a Church one with their own in faith, 
 order, and worship." 
 Day of In- Another practical suggestion which I think we have no 
 ■ choice but to adopt, even if it were not commended to our 
 own minds by the wisdom of the choice, is that which would 
 appoint for all churches one Day of Intercession for Mis- 
 sions. " They suggest that the time selected should be the 
 ^ Tuesday before Ascension Day (being a Rogation Day), or 
 any of the seven days after that Tuesday ; and they hope 
 that all the Bishops of the several churches will commend 
 this observance to their respective dioceses." In commend- 
 ing it to you, my brethren, and fixing this Rogation Tues- 
 day as the Day for Intercession for Missions for the present
 
 the Diocese of Colombo. 7 
 
 year, I desire to point out tlie serious objection whicli there 
 is to the choice, to which, otherwise some might, perhaps, 
 have been led, of Ascension Day itself, being one of the Not to be 
 seven days after that Tuesday, for the day of prayer. The pay.^^^^ 
 objection is this. A day of prayer is a day of penitence and 
 of fasting, and ought not to clash, with one of our highest 
 festivals. And the purpose of the institution of the Day 
 of Intercession is rather to gain an additional day for public 
 devotion, than to spoil a day which we already have, by de- 
 stroying its proper character as the festival of our Lord's 
 exaltation. Take, therefore, if Tuesday is inconvenient, 
 Wednesday or Friday in the same week, or even the fol- 
 lowing Sunday, rather than Ascension Day. But the proper 
 day is Rogation Tuesday. 
 
 Among matters which concern the whole Church, or may 
 possibly concern any part of it, may be classed the recom- 
 mendations adopted by the Conference in regard to the 
 vexed question, of Ritual and Confession. 
 
 Ritual varies, of course, in different parts of our coramu- Eitual, 
 nion ; each province and each diocese may, canonically, ^^ ^^ ^^' 
 have a ritual of its own, and it was therefore impossible thority. 
 that such an assembly, representing (in a general sense) the 
 whole Anglican Communion, could attempt to touch on de- 
 tails. But it asserted two principles, which deserve the 
 reverent consideration of every diocese and every province : 
 first, that excessive diversities of ritual, as between one part 
 of the Church and another, may endanger the unity of 
 which the community of worship, secured by the use of 
 one Book of Common. Prayer, is a principal bond ^ Se- 
 condly, that no alteration from long-accustomed ritual should 
 be made contrary to the admonition of the Bishop of the 
 diocese. This was virtually a re-assertion of the rule in our 
 Prayer-Book, which constitutes the Bishop judge, subject to 
 reference to the Metropolitan, of all questions of the inter- 
 pretation of the rubrics. 
 
 On the subject of Confession much more was said, and Confes- 
 a definite statement was put forth. The mind of the bishops 
 was distinctly expressed as against the practice of habitual 
 
 » "Beport of Committee on the Best Mode of Maintaining," Ac, vi. 12, 
 p. 18.
 
 8 A Primary Charge to 
 
 confession. While carefully recognizing " the provision 
 made in the Book of Common Praj'er for the relief of 
 troubled consciences," and disclaiming any desire to limit 
 it in any way, the Conference yet laid down, that no minis- 
 ter of the Church is authorized to enjoin, or even to en- 
 courage, the practice of habitual confession to a Priest. They 
 evidently held that unburdening the mind, when specially 
 troubled, to the Priest in order to receive benefit of absolu- 
 tion, does not amount to the practice of habitual confession ; 
 and while virtually re-asserting the value of the former, 
 they strongly discourage the latter, so strongly that I hold 
 that no Priest, even if he were not persuaded that the prac- 
 tice of habitual confession is unauthorized, could fairly teach 
 it to be in accordance with the present mind of the Church 
 of England. On the other hand, that Priest would be 
 clearly unfaithful to his trust who should withhold from 
 any burdened soul, or fail to offer to the penitent or the 
 dying, that authoritative message of pardon which the 
 Church empowers him to convey. 
 
 Some of the regulations suggested in practical matters 
 concerned especially dioceses like our own, in which a great 
 part of the work is missionary work, and in which there 
 are several races and languages to be dealt with. One of 
 these in particular touches a matter in which we are closely 
 Versions interested, — translations and modifications of the Prayer- 
 fications ^00^- Each diocese has, I suppose, strictly speaking, autho- 
 of the rity to make its own versions, and to sanction new forms of 
 Book. pi'ayei'j or modifications of the Pi-ayer-Book, to meet its spe- 
 cial needs ; but the whole Church is so deeply interested 
 in preventing substantial alterations of the Praj^er-Book, 
 that it was thought right that " all such new books" (in any 
 diocese of a country under English rule,) "being modifica- 
 tions or versions of the Book of Common Prayer, should be 
 submitted, after approval by local authority, to a Board 
 consisting of the Archbishops of England, Scotland, and 
 Ireland, and other Bishops and Clergy constituted for the 
 purpose :" and " no book would be held to have been " 
 (properly) " authorized for use in public worship, unless 
 it has received the sanction of such Board," On the ques- 
 tion how far it is expedient to modify the Book of Common
 
 the Diocese of Colombo. 9 
 
 Prayer to suit particular needs, the following was adopted : 
 " It is expedient that Books of Common Pra5'er, suitable 
 to the needs of native congregations in heathen countries, 
 should be framed ; that the principles embodied in such 
 books should be identical with the pi'inciples embodied in 
 the Book of Common Prayer ; and that the deviations from 
 the Book of Common Prayer in point of form should only 
 be such as are required by the circumstances of particular 
 Churches." It is much to be hoped that, in accordance with 
 the spirit of these recommendations, we in this diocese shall 
 ere long agree on one translation of the Prayer-Book in 
 each language, and obtain sanction for it; and also use 
 our liberty, within the bounds of law, to provide, under 
 like sanction, other forms of service suitable, for instance, 
 for new converts, for catechumens, and for use among 
 heathens. 
 
 Another very important resolution among those which Marriage 
 concerned especially dioceses situated like our own, is that ^^'^^• 
 which relates to marriage. We are continually meeting 
 the difficulties which arise from the difference between the 
 marriage law of the Church and the marriage law of the 
 State; difficulties which are increased by the prevalence 
 of a mistaken notion that the law of the Church and the 
 law of the State are identical. This is a mistake. It is no 
 blame to our legislators that, in a country where all are not 
 Christians, they have not set the standard of marriage as 
 yet so high as it is set by Christ. In the Kandyan districts, 
 the law of marriage sanctioned by the State is very far 
 below the standard of the Church ; our rulers have laid 
 on their subjects only what they are able for the time to 
 bear. It is, I suppose, on a somewhat similar principle, 
 applied to a lower degree of difference, that marriage with 
 a deceased wife's sister, though contrary to the law of the 
 Church, is allowed by the law of the land. Of coui'se, it is 
 to be regretted that this difference should exist, but it does 
 not exist in the matter of marriage only. On many points 
 of morals the law of the State is necessarily, though regret- 
 ably, lower than the law of God and of the Church. Many 
 grievous sins are not forbidden by law, but they are not the 
 less sins, and in their case we have no difficulty in seeing
 
 10 A Primary Charge to 
 
 from which law the Churchman is to take his standard. 
 But in the case of marriage, owing- to the happy fact that 
 in Christian countries the Christian standard has generally, 
 or has until of late, determined the civil law, the difference 
 has been less easily understood. Hence we may be grateful 
 for the distinct assertion of the true principle in the follow- 
 ing paragraph : " With regard to those questions in connec- 
 tion with the laws of marriage which have been submitted, 
 to them, your Committee, while fully recognizing the diffi- 
 culties in which various branches of the Church have been 
 placed by the action of the local Legislatures, are of opinion 
 that steps should be taken by each branch of the Church, 
 according to its own discretion, to maintain the sanctity of 
 marriage agreeably to the principles set forth in the Word 
 of God, as the Church of Christ hath hitherto received the 
 same."— (p. 39.) 
 Licences I come now to the recommendations adopted by the Con- 
 Lay Mims- ference in special reference to questions which have been 
 ters, and raised here, naraelj'', such as relate to " the power and autho- 
 rity of the Bishop in respect of giving and withdrawing the 
 licence, 1st, of the Clergy under his charge; 2nd, of lay 
 readers and catechists ; also to the rights of the Bishop in 
 reference to changes in the management, order of service, 
 and place of worship of any congregation." 
 
 The recommendations adopted were as follow : — 
 " 17. As regards the licensing of the clergy, it is admitted 
 generally that every missionary clergyman, whether ap- 
 pointed by a society or otherwise, should receive the licence 
 of the Bishop in whose diocese he is to labour; but your 
 Committee are of opinion that, in case of refusal to give 
 a licence to a clergyman, the Bishop should, if the clergy- 
 man desire it, state the reasons of his refusal, and transmit 
 them to the Metropolitan, who should have power to decide 
 upon their sufficiency ; such reasons should also be acces- 
 sible to the person whose licence is in question. Where 
 there is no Metropolitan, the reasons should be transmitted 
 to the Archbishop of Canterbury, who should decide in 
 like manner. 
 
 "18. As regards the withdrawal of a licence, your Com- 
 mittee find that in some provinces the mode of proceeding
 
 the Diocese of Colombo. 11 
 
 for revocation has been fixed by canon, and the jurisdiction 
 thus created has been established by consent. For these 
 places it is not necessary to make any recommendations. 
 Where no such jurisdiction exists, your Committee recom- 
 mend that the Bishop should in no case proceed to the 
 revocation of a clergyman's licence without affording him 
 the opportunity of shewing cause against it, and that if 
 the Bishop shall afterwards proceed to revoke the licence, 
 he shoidd, if the clergyman desire it, state the reasons 
 for his decision to such clergyman, and also to the Me- 
 tropolitan, who should have power to sanction or disallow 
 the revocation. In cases where there is no Metropolitan, 
 the Archbishop of Canterbury should be regarded as the 
 Metropolitan for this purpose. No such revocation should 
 take place, except for grave ecclesiastical offences. 
 
 " 19. The Bishop would probably find it desirable, where 
 the clergyman is connected with one of the great Mission- 
 ary societies, to communicate with the society or its local 
 representatives before taking steps for revocation of a 
 licence. 
 
 " 20. With regard to lay agents, your Committee consi- 
 der it desirable that such as are employed in more impor- 
 tant spiritual functions should have the licence or express 
 sanction of the Bishop ; and that other laymen employed 
 in missionary-work should be considered to have the im- 
 plied sanction of the Bishop, and should not continue to 
 be so employed, if the Bishop see fit, for a grave reason, 
 to forbid them. 
 
 " 21. The authority of the Bishop in appointing places for 
 public worship has been always admitted in the Church. 
 Every place in which the Holy Communion is regularly 
 celebrated, should have the sanction of the Bishop ^." 
 
 We have here indicated the conditions which are held by The de- 
 the Church to be desirable. It does not follow that they ^tionsTot 
 are all immediately attainable, or that they should be at to be too 
 once rigidly required. On the contrary, while we are bound, forced, 
 after such unmistakeable directions, to keep them steadily 
 in view as desirable conditions, there is great reason for 
 
 ^ Report, &c., III. pp. 27—29.
 
 be kept 
 in view. 
 
 12 A Primari/ Charge to 
 
 gentleness and patience in working towards them. "We 
 should all, I suppose, Bishop, Clergy, Lay Readers and 
 Catechists, be found, if a strict inquiry were made, to have 
 been somewhat lax in these matters. And it is not to be 
 wished that such laxity should be too strictly inquired 
 into. I suppose there are few among my reverend bre- 
 thren, who have licences for all their chapels, and for all 
 their catechists ; and that there are many among you, my 
 most valued brethren of the laity, — and long may they 
 continue to be such, — who have not always waited for a 
 licence when an opportunity occurred of serving the Church. 
 But it is one thing to be indulgent towards exceptions, and 
 another to make irregularity the rule. We must all try 
 to be more regular in this matter. I must call on all the 
 Clergy to apply for licences for any unlicensed chapels 
 which they are in the habit of using, and for their cate- 
 Eules to chists and readers also. And for my part, I shall keep 
 steadily in view, as things which must all be ultimately 
 enforced, these three conditions : — The tenure of a licence 
 by every one of the higher orders of Lay-ministers ; the 
 registering or licensing of every unconsecrated building 
 in which the Sacraments are ministered ; the securing 
 to the licensed Clergy of a firmer status than they now 
 hold. 
 
 Towards the first of these conditions, the tenure of a 
 licence by every one of the higher order of lay-ministers, 
 I propose to work by the following means. I shall make 
 it the rule — but a rule to be very gently and gradually 
 brought to bear — that no person shall be admissible as 
 a candidate for Holy Orders, who has presumed to exercise 
 without a licence any lay-ministry for which a licence is 
 obtainable. This rule will be brought to bear, I hope, 
 with such gentle pressure, as to cause no real hardship, 
 while securing eventually the desired condition. 
 
 Towards the second desired condition, the registering or 
 licensing of every unconsecrated building in which the 
 Sacraments are celebrated, I propose the following. It 
 will be my rule — a rule at first often suspended, and gra- 
 dually more stringently applied — to visit no such building, 
 and especially to hold no Confirmations in it ; and not to
 
 ilie Diocese of Colomho. 13 
 
 regard any cure in wliich there is no licensed building 
 as forming a title for any appointment. 
 
 The third desired condition, the securing to the licensed 
 Clergy of a firmer status than they now hold, may be, 
 I trust, by their own co-operation, immediately attained. 
 At present, a licence, in many cases, gives to a clergyman Tenure of 
 no security whatever, as against the Bishop. It can, JQ^cencesby 
 many cases at least, be at any moment withdrawn without 
 cause assigned. But it was suggested first by me here, 
 then by the Bishops at Calcutta, and finally by the Lam- 
 beth Conference, that we should, by our own voluntary act, 
 give to the licence a higher force, as against ourselves; 
 undertaking to recognize it as not revocable, except by 
 formal process, and that subject to appeal. The Committee 
 of the Lambeth Conference expresses itself as follows : — 
 
 "Your Committee recommend that the Bishop should in 
 no case proceed to the revocation of a clergyman's licence 
 without affording him the opportunity of shewing cause 
 against it ; and that if the Bishop shall afterwards proceed 
 to revoke the licence, he should, if the clergyman desire 
 it, state the reasons for his decision to such clergyman, 
 and also to the Metropolitan, who should have power to 
 sanction or disallow the revocation." 
 
 These recommendations, I, for my part, heartily accept. 
 But I must point out that they cannot be adopted, unless 
 certain conditions, which they pre-suppose, are also ob- 
 served. 
 
 First, the errantins: of a licence, which is to be so held. Conditions 
 must be a bona fide voluntary act on the part of the Bishop, licence. 
 He must have full knowledge of the person, and of the l. Volun- 
 character and limits of the field of work, and he must have ^^ ^^ 
 full liberty to refuse. He is not likely to refuse capriciously. Bishop, 
 for he has to give his reasons ; but if he is to be permanently 
 bound b}^ the act, he must have real liberty to refuse it. For 
 this it is necessary that his consent must be asked before the 
 appointment is made, and not, as has often occurred, after- 
 wards. 
 
 Secondly, the character and limits of the work must be 2. Sphere 
 defined as strictly as possible in the licence. Else, as time strictly de- 
 goes on and the work in question or surrounding works fi»e<i«
 
 14 A Primary Charge to 
 
 increase or diminish, difficulties will almost certainly 
 arise. 
 
 These two conditions, then, must be observed in the grant- 
 ting of a licence, which is to be virtually equivalent to an 
 Institution : the Bishop must have full knowledge, acquired 
 if necessary by examination, and full liberty to refuse ; 
 while the exact character and area of the work must be 
 specified in the licence. 
 
 A licence granted under these conditions will not be 
 revocable except by formal process, in which the holder of 
 the licence will have opportunity of pleading his cause, 
 while the Bishop will be assisted in hearing the case by 
 Assessors, clerical and lay. If the decision be adverse to 
 the holder of the licence, an appeal will lie to the Metro- 
 politan, whose decision is final. 
 Eevision In order that all the Clergy may stand in this respect 
 °Uh°^Ti^' *^^ ^^® same footing, I intend that every licence allowed 
 to new by me at the present visitation should be considered to 
 be held under the new conditions. For this purpose, the 
 terms in which they were originally issued will need, in 
 many cases, to be revised ; and the character and extent 
 of the field of work to be specified, in view of the present 
 condition of it and of neighbouring fields of work. I shall 
 therefore call upon all, in whose cases such revision seems 
 necessary, to exchange their present licences for others 
 confessedly issued with a view to the new system. The 
 adoption of that system is voluntary on my part, and I 
 adopt it only so far as the conditions which I think neces- 
 sary to it are complied with. Therefore, if any holder 
 of a licence declines to have his licence so revised and 
 re- issued, he will remain under the old system, not the 
 new ; and his licence will be treated, if any occasion should 
 arise, as being revocable at discretion without cause as- 
 signed. 
 Commitee I am aware that I am thus making it a very unpleasant 
 forre'n- thing for any one to decline my proposal, and I must there- 
 cences. fore be careful that it shall not be unpleasant to accept it. 
 To avoid dissatisfaction with the terms which I may wish 
 to put into the revised licences, I invite you to elect from 
 your own number at least five clergymen, to assist me
 
 the Diocese of Colombo. 15 
 
 by their advice in this matter. The final deoislon will of 
 course still lie with me, but I shall take counsel with these 
 five before deciding. And it should be observed, that I am 
 not proposing to map out the diocese afresh into new 
 districts, but to assign more accurate limits to those which 
 already exist. 
 
 With such a safeguard, I hope none will hesitate to meet 
 me heartily, in this effort to place the tenure of licences 
 on a firm and definite basis, while guarding duly the re- 
 sponsibility of the Bishop. 
 
 I have thus briefly traced the synodical, or quasi-synodi- 
 cal, action which has affected the diocese in the last three 
 years. 
 
 Turning now to diocesan and local works and institu- Diocesan 
 tions, I regard our condition as full of hope. Amid some f^gtit^ 
 disturbance, there has been, and is, considerable activity, tions, Ac. 
 Churches are arising in many places, several have been 
 recently consecrated. I can scarcely point to a single Existing 
 district or station in which there is not either a new or *° ^^^' 
 an enlarged church, or a new parsonage, or new schools. 
 Such external activity is not indeed spiritual life itself, 
 but it is certainly both an indication and a means of spi- 
 ritual life. In view of it, we may thank Q-od and take 
 courage. I do not wish to make a show of work done, 
 by a list of such improvements ; there is still enough 
 before us to discourage boasting. But it is worth while 
 to call particular attention to two or three efforts which 
 are of diocesan importance. First of all, I greatly rejoice 
 \i\ the establishment of the Diocesan Training College for Training 
 (Sinhalese) Schoolmasters, which the Diocesan Fund has geelpp.D. 
 enabled us to start, under the management of the Rev. 
 T. B. Robertson, in Kandy. This institution, beginning 
 with small things, has been extremely well launched and 
 conducted so far : it bids fair to exercise immense influence 
 for good on our education throughout the diocese, and I 
 most heartily commend it to your support and confidence. 
 
 The consecration, on Easter Tuesday, of the first of the Oema- 
 portions assigned in General Cemeteries to our Church, ggQ^ppjj 
 was, I earnestly hope, the beginning and pledge of the 
 constitution of similar Cemeteries all over the diocese. The
 
 16 A Primary Charge to 
 
 rules under which this is managed having been drawn 
 up by a representative Committee from the congregations 
 of Colombo, may safely be recommended for adoption, mu- 
 tatis mutandis, in all the remaining stations. 
 Bishop's There is a scheme, for which I am myself at present 
 EeUgious solely responsible, to which I invite your attention ; — 
 Instruc- I mean what I have called the Bishop's Grant for Reli- 
 
 tion. . . ^ 
 
 SeeApp.F. gious instruction in Church-of-England Schools. There 
 is some danger, especially in schools aided by Government, 
 that Religious Instruction, although it is the very object 
 for which our schools are instituted, may fail to receive 
 all the attention we desire, simply because it is not taken 
 into account by the Government Inspector. To meet this 
 danger, I think we greatly need some system of examina- 
 tions and grants for Religious Instruction alone. My 
 scheme is merely a provisional one ; I trust you will soon 
 supersede it by one on a diocesan footing. In drafting 
 the Rules of it, I have been careful to encourage what 
 aj)pear8 to me to be of paramount importance, the sepa- 
 
 Separate rate and different instruction of Christians and of non- 
 religious ni • • T 
 instruc- '^nnstians. i cannot now enlarge on this most important 
 
 *3°°. ^? topic. It has been much of late before the notice of the 
 Christians ^ 
 
 and non- Bishops of the Province, and of the venerable Society 
 
 ns lana. £^^ the Propagation of the Gospel; and is a subject to 
 
 which I shall ask special attention in the meeting of the 
 
 Presbytery to-morrow. 
 
 ^*y I cannot leave these elements of our present activity, 
 
 energy. . . . . 
 
 without dwelling for a minute on the feature, which seems 
 
 to me perhaps the most encouraging feature in our cha- 
 racter as a diocese, I mean the large and rapidly-increas- 
 ing part which is being taken in the work of the Church 
 by the upper classes of the Laity. As trustees and mem- 
 bers of Church Committees, in promoting, designing and 
 overseeing, often at the cost of a large personal sacrifice 
 of time and thought, the erection of churches and the 
 like ; in organizing and taking part in choirs ; as organists, 
 as members of Cemetery Committees and Boards, in Sunday- 
 school teaching (though this is more rare than I hope soon 
 to see it), and, finally, in assisting in the Divine Service 
 itself, — the members of various departments of the Civil
 
 the Diocese of Colombo. 17 
 
 Service, and many among our merchants and planters, 
 have taken, and are taking, a most valuable and laudable 
 part. It is difficult to rate too highly the voluntary minis- 
 trations of those who are serving as Lay Readers, Most The minor 
 of these have gladly accepted the Bishop's licence, and it the MinL 
 would be well that all such as have frequent or regular try. 
 opportunities of ministration should receive that sanction. 
 The more accurate defining of the duties of these as well 
 as of the paid lay -ministers of the Church is another matter 
 which I commend to your attention. I have suggested it 
 as a topic for discussion in the joint Conference of Clergy 
 and Laity, and I shall further ask the Presbytery to deal 
 with it; and my hope is that a Committee will be ap- 
 pointed for this as for other topics, which may bestow upon 
 it a thorough and painstaking inquiry. 
 
 When I come to the consideration of what seem to me Diocesan 
 to be our needs, I find that I have already touched on many, ^®^'^'^- 
 and have already supplied a large number of practical prob- 
 lems for you to deal with in your conferences. To the joint 
 Conference of Clergy and Laity, of which the time will be 
 very limited, and whose lay members cannot be expected 
 to devote much time hereafter to serve on committees, I 
 have suggested in my circular certain topics of discussion. 
 But of the Presbytery I mean to ask more. I mean to ask 
 them either to deal on the spot, or to appoint committees 
 to deal, with this large number of matters which I am rais- 
 ing in this Charge. And one of the first things which 
 I shall ask of them, will be to meet a need which, in one 
 sense, is my own particular need, but which more truly is 
 the need of the diocese, — that of a Standing Council of Ad- Bishop's 
 visers to the Bishop. Nothing is more distasteful to me, 
 nor is there anything which I have more tried to avoid, 
 than acting in important matters arbitrarily, or on my own 
 sole responsibility (where it can be shared), or without 
 taking advice with my Clergy. Such isolated action is 
 always undesirable, and under the circumstances of this 
 diocese, where so many things are unprovided for either 
 by law or precedent, the number of difficult questions that 
 come before the Bishop is especially great. 
 
 The proper advisers of the Bishop in a fully-organized
 
 18 A Primco'i/ Charge to 
 
 Cathedral diocese are the Dean and Canons, who form the cathedral 
 Chapters, d^apter. This is called the " Senate of the Diocese," " the 
 Bishop's Council," The Bishop has a right to their advice, 
 and they have a right, in certain cases at least, to be con- 
 sulted. This is, strictly speaking, the essential part of 
 a chapter's duty. It has been long forgotten in England , 
 but is now being revived. In the newly-constituted See of 
 Truro, Bishop Benson — who is a received authorit}^ on the 
 law and practice of the Church in this matter — is able to 
 set an example which will no doubt be followed. We have 
 not here any cathedral chapter in activity. The title of 
 Canon still exists, but there is no Dean, and there are no 
 Statutes. And I am inclined myself to think that we shall 
 do well to defer the revival or organization of a Chapter 
 until, by the erection of a new cathedral, independent — 
 which our present cathedral is not — of other institutions, 
 it shall have become more easy to secure for dean and 
 canons a status worthy of their titles. The time for this 
 may not, I hope, be far distant ; but I am not prepared 
 to wait until it comes, destitute meanwhile of any definite 
 body of advisers, in consulting whom I shall be, to some 
 extent, sharing my responsibility. It is not essential that 
 the Bishop's Council should be a cathedral chapter. When 
 such a chapter is constituted, it will naturally take its place 
 as the Bishop's Council, but until then the Bishop's Council 
 may exist independently. Such was probably the case in 
 the earliest times, when the Clergy of the cathedral city 
 formed the ordinary Council of the Bishop. So I shall ask 
 you, my reverend brethren of the Presbytery, in your meet- 
 ing to-morrow, to guide me by your suggestions in the 
 nomination of such a Council, and to ratify my nominations 
 by your approval. 
 Treatment If you give me such assistance (and I think I have a right 
 Council.^ to ask it of you) I shall treat such a Council with the defer- 
 ence which is canonically due to a cathedral chapter. I shall 
 consult it before calling the Presbytery together on any 
 occasion, before entering on any large diocesan scheme, and 
 in questions of great difficulty or of great importance. I 
 shall, of course, not be bound to adopt the advice given, 
 though I should hardly ever be justified in acting agaiust it.
 
 the Diocese of Colombo. 19 
 
 On tte principles which dictate my present proposal 
 I have acted hitherto. I have continually consulted the 
 Archdeacon, the cathedral Clergy, and several of the senior 
 among the Colombo Chaplains ; on some occasions I have 
 called together a still larger number; and I have sought 
 such advice especially in regard to the recent Cemetery 
 rules, as being a matter of diocesan importance, and in re- 
 gard to calling together the Clergy, or the Clergy and the 
 Laity, in synod or conference. Nor have I found anything 
 but the most loyal readiness to give advice, and the most 
 judicious counsel. Still, it will be more satisfactory to me, 
 and I think to all, that a certain definite body should be 
 designated, each member of which will acknowledge it as 
 one of his first duties to assist me with his counsel when 
 called upon, and which will have collectively a right to be 
 so consulted. This will be a guarantee to the diocese against 
 arbitrariness on the part of the Bishop. 
 
 [The members of the Council will advise, not vote ; and 
 the Bishop will of course not be bound to act on their ad- 
 vice, though he could hardly ever be justified in acting 
 against their united judgment.] 
 
 I just now announced that I should ask the Presbytery 
 to elect at least five of their number to advise me in the 
 revision of licences. It will be for you, my reverend bre- 
 thren, to consider whether you will elect these five from 
 among the Standing Council ; or whether you will elect the 
 whole Standing Council to this ofiice ; or whether, thirdly, 
 you will elect an altogether independent list. The nomina- 
 tion of the Standing Council I keep in my own hands, sub- 
 ject to your suggestions and approval; tbe Committee for 
 advising the Bishop in the revision of licences will be en- 
 tirely of your own choice. 
 
 Closely connected with, this in my mind is one other Proposed 
 scheme of importance, to which I must at least allude : the thedral. 
 proposed new Cathedral. We have now, I hope, through 
 the liberality of the military authorities and of the local 
 government, a suitable site secured; there are official and 
 legal steps still to be taken, which may occupy some time, 
 but which will not, there is good reason to believe, con- 
 
 c2
 
 20 A Primarp Charge to 
 
 stitute any obstacle in our way. For such a work as tlie 
 erection of a permanent Cathedral, adequate to the im- 
 portance of the colony and the wealth of our Church here, 
 a very large sum will be needed. It will not be raised in 
 a moment, but I have no doubt that it will be raised ; and 
 we must be prepared, for many reasons, to work patiently. 
 It will be far better to have built but part of a really worthy 
 building, than to have completed something which, however 
 creditable to our energy, will look small or poor in the eyes 
 of our posterity. 
 
 It will be evident from what I have already said, in 
 speaking of a Bishop's Council, that I cherish the hope that 
 the constitution of a cathedral body or a chapter, will be 
 involved in, and perhaps even precede in point of time, the 
 erection of the cathedral fabric. But we shall have an op- 
 portunity of exchanging ideas upon these topics in the 
 See Ap- Conference of this afternoon. The tenure of Church pro- 
 pen X . pgj.^y^ ^j^(j ^\^Q current finances of the diocese, are other 
 
 matters which I leave for that Conference. 
 Methods Passing now from schemes and institutions existing or 
 ner of Spi- proposed, I turn to suggest a few thoughts upon the rae- 
 ritual thods and manner of our spiritual work itself. 
 Limits of First, as to the limits of our Communion, and our relations 
 our Com- to other bodies of Christians. While it is essential to our 
 Christian character that we should love all, and seek to 
 injure none, and as far as in us lies live peaceably with all 
 men; it is no less essential to our character as a Catholic 
 Church, witnessing to the truth, that we should make plain 
 and unmistakeable the points which distinguish us from. 
 Romanists on the one hand, or from the various Protestant 
 bodies on the other. There is no charity, but only coward- 
 ice under the pretext of charity, in slurring over these. 
 We do not love our neighbours the less because we tell 
 tbem very clearly why we cannot join them, nor even if 
 we hold it a duty to insist particularly on those points 
 
 Distinc- in which we think them to be in error. And such distinct 
 
 tive teach- ... • j i. i • i x i, 
 
 ing^ msistance is a duty which we owe to our own members, 
 
 and especially to the young in our schools, and to our Con- 
 firmation candidates. Let, then, the first condition of our
 
 the Diocese of Colombo. 21 
 
 good-will towards those outside our Church be faithfulness 
 to the distinctive teaching of our Church itself. The poet 
 says well : — 
 
 " This above all, to thine own self be true, 
 And it will follow, as the night the day, 
 Thou canst not then be false to any man." 
 
 "When I am asked, and I am asked very often, for a prac- 
 tical rule as to dealing with those who have been, as many 
 have, wavering between the Church and some form of dis- 
 sent, or endeavouring to combine both, I always reply in 
 this way. We must be very gentle in individual cases, 
 though we must be distinct about the rule. "We may tolerate 
 a good deal in those who either have thought themselves 
 driven by the want of Church ministrations in out-stations 
 to join with other Christian bodies, or have been allowed by 
 our predecessors in greater laxity than we could now allow. 
 To such I think we may say, "With which do you com- 
 municate?" You cannot communicate with both, with the None may 
 Church and with a Christian body with which the Church ca^Toth 
 does not communicate. That is the least we can require, with the 
 We cannot admit to our Communion any who are not con- ^^^ ^th 
 
 tent to forego the Communion of those who are separated o*^?^ 
 
 . ^ bodies. 
 
 from our Church. You are not justified, my reverend 
 brethren, in admitting to Communion persons whom you 
 know to be in the habit of resorting to the Communion 
 of other Christian bodies. 
 
 And in regard to the admission to our Communion of 
 those who have been dissenters from it, we do well to follow 
 loyally — even if in rare exceptions we may be excused for 
 foregoing it — the law of our Church, that " there shall none Confirma- 
 be admitted to the Holy Communion, until such time as he ^^^^^ q^' 
 be confirmed, or be ready and desirous to be confirmed." Commu- 
 Confirmation is, in such cases, an open profession of ad- 
 herence to our Church, and withdrawal from all other 
 Communion. 
 
 In speaking on these questions, painful questions as they 
 are, I see that there are always two things essential, charity 
 to those without, and loyalty to truth. And I find it my 
 duty to enquire, not which of these is the more popular
 
 22 
 
 A Primary Charge to 
 
 Internal 
 unity. 
 
 Dmsion 
 by place, 
 not race. 
 The paro- 
 chial sys- 
 tem. 
 
 principle, but which the more needs urging; and on that 
 ground alone, not because I overlook the other, I end this 
 topic by once more urging on you the less popular principle, 
 let us be strenuous in insisting on the distinctive teaching 
 of the Church. 
 
 While we thus recognize our corporate unity as dis- 
 tinguished from those who are outside our limits, we should 
 be as careful to secure our own internal unity. Here, if 
 I may say so, the claims of brotherly love and forbearance 
 rise into predominance, and the claims of system and dis- 
 cipline take a very secondary place. Only the claims of 
 truth cannot, even here, be postponed to anything. But 
 I mean to touch on only one point in our method of work, 
 which has, I think, a most important bearing on our internal 
 unity. It is this. We have to organize a united body in 
 the face of very great natural differences ; differences of 
 rank, civilization, nationality, and language. The last two 
 of these, nationality and language, are the most obvious, 
 and yet perhaps the least serious differences; and out of 
 these two, that of language, the most obvious of all, is also 
 perhaps the most superficial. 
 
 And yet there has been and is a danger of our recogniz- 
 ing this difference of language too far, and constituting it 
 the basis of something very like a distinction of Churches. 
 I speak at present with diffidence, for my experience is still 
 small, but I cannot pretend to speak with doubt as to the 
 issue of the dispute between dividing the Church according 
 to race, and dividing it according to place. The division 
 according to place, not race, the parochial system so far as 
 it is applicable, appears to me to be commended to us by 
 reason and history, and, as far as my observation and in- 
 quiries have reached, by recent experience also. To draw 
 together into one Church those whose faith is one, though 
 their tongues are different ; to provide that, though some- 
 times, for convenience, they worship apart, sometimes, and 
 on more solemn occasions, for unity's sake, they should 
 worship together, — this, in ray opinion, ought to be our aim. 
 Where the division recognized is that of language, it is 
 almost impossible to insure that all the members of our own 
 Church should be visited, still less can it be insured that all
 
 ilic Diocese of Colomho. 23 
 
 the heathen should be sought out. But where the division 
 is one of place, two or more clergy working together in con- 
 cert, and each taking one language under his special care, 
 these colleagues constantly comparing notes among them- 
 selves, it can be assured that every house shall be visited. 
 And it is " a house-going clergy " that " make a Church- 
 going people." Without, therefore, hastily disturbing ex- 
 isting arrangements, I for my part shall steadily work 
 towards the development, instead of a race-division and 
 a virtual Congregationalism, of a locally-divided parochial 
 system. 
 
 Ours is a missionary Church. It is not only that there The great 
 are missions in the diocese, as if they were separate alto- arvAgency 
 
 gether from the other portions of its work, but that the i^ ^ living 
 
 1111- ••11 1 i/-,ii • Church. 
 
 whole body is a missionary body, put here by Cjod that it 
 
 may communicate life to the heathenism with which it is 
 in contact. And if we were to divide, for instance, the 
 Church of the English from the Church of the Sinhalese, 
 or to do anything which could tend to such a division, we 
 should be depriving one part of the Church of its missionary 
 opportunity, and depriving the missionary work of half its 
 life. By unity with the English element, surely the native 
 element in the Church is to inherit the wealth of eighteen 
 centuries of Christianity ; while through its unity with the 
 native element, the European element is to touch and influ- 
 ence heathenism. I have little to say about missionary ma- 
 chinery : the great missionary agency is a living Church, 
 united, organized, and ever spreading; and if those who 
 are in the Church are true to their profession, it is impos- 
 sible that the Church should fail to spread. 
 
 Christians in Europe, at a distance, need missionary agen- 
 cies of one kind or another to bring them into contact with 
 heathenism, but we are in contact with it by the necessity 
 of our position ; we have only to be Christians to be mis- 
 sionaries; we have only to be a vigorous Church to be 
 a vigorous mission. Believing this, I see that the surest, 
 and, indeed, the only, condition of our missionary success, 
 is the internal vigour and sanctity of the Church herself. 
 And that vigour is dependent on organization and unity, 
 and that sanctity on a resolute hold of Catholic truth.
 
 24 A Primary Charge to 
 
 Descending more into details with reference to our pas- 
 toral work, I have learnt that one of the pressing difficulties 
 of most of the clergy, and the more so in proportion as each 
 is more directly engaged with the native Christians and 
 Discipline recent converts, is the exercise of discipline. It is difficult 
 lapsed to draw the line between Christians and nominal Christians ; 
 persons; ^q g^y what constitutes relapse into heathenism, and how 
 such relapse should be recorded and punished, and how 
 lapsed persons should be restored. This is a matter in 
 which it is impossible not to lament tlie laxity which has 
 formerly prevailed ; but while we strive to bring in a more 
 faithful severity, we must be careful that we do not err b}'- 
 putting new wine into old bottles, or, in quoting the prece- 
 dents of primitive times, possibly deviate from their spirit. 
 The whole matter of discipline, especially in reference to 
 the lapse of baptized persons into heathenism, ought to 
 (&)ofCate- occupy the earnest attention of the Presbytery. With a 
 view to diminishing the frequencj' of such relapses, and 
 justifying the necessary strictness when they do occur, the 
 utmost care should be taken in admitting persons to Holy 
 Baptism, and the status of the Catechumen should be clearly 
 recognized and defined. The inquirer should be formally 
 enrolled, after open profession, among the Catechumens ; 
 should occupy a distinctive place in the church, undergo 
 a systematic training, and be admitted to Baptism only after 
 a thorough probation. The discipline of Catechumens, then, 
 as well as the discipline of lapsed persons, requires your 
 patient consideration, with a view to the constitution of 
 a system, the framing of proper offices, courses of instruc- 
 tion, and the rest. 
 Eegisters It is not altogether alien from this subject to urge the 
 cords. value of registers of catechumens, communicants, and even 
 of all Church members ; and to press on Churchwardens and 
 Trustees, as well as on the Clerg}^, the importance of every 
 church possessing and keeping in good order the registers 
 of baptisms, marriages, and funerals ; of having a book for 
 certificates of banns ; a record of Churchwardens' and Trus- 
 tees' meetings ; and last, but not least, a full record of ser- 
 vices, attendance, offertories, and the like. Application may 
 be made to the Archdeacon for directions and help towards
 
 the Diocese of Colombo. 25 
 
 providing all such records. This leads me to invite the 
 attention of our lay brethren especially to the great im- 
 portance of sufficient vestries. The Clergy find it impos- Vestries. 
 sible to keep things in order, or to m.ake the arrangements 
 for Divine Service as they should be made, or to obtain that 
 quiet and privacy which they need themselves for their own 
 devotions before and after public service, unless the vestry 
 is such as to secure cleanliness and privacy, and sufficient 
 space. The Apostolic maxim, " Let all things be done de- 
 cently and in order," should never be lost sight of. The 
 Clergy should regard the art of arranging and conducting Expert- 
 Divine Service with exactness and perfection, as an art execution 
 which requires study and practice. But I fear, too often, of all parts 
 • • ^ f 11-1 .L- • of Divine 
 
 it IS taken for granted that neither study nor practice is Service 
 
 required ; as if either it were impossible to go wrong, or 
 else going wrong in such a matter were of no consequence. 
 It is required by the rubric that a Deacon, before admission required 
 to the Order of Priesthood, shall be found " faithful and dili- nands. " 
 gent in executing the things appertaining to the ecclesiasti- 
 cal administration," "perfect and well expert in them." In 
 obedience to this law, those who examine candidates for the 
 Priesthood in this diocese are directed to be especially care- 
 ful in requiring both theoretical acquaintance with rules and 
 rubrics, and practical expertness in executing them. 
 
 In a good many of our churches, happily, the daily Daily 
 services are now performed as required by the Church. 
 In some, owing to the extent of districts, the Clergy cannot 
 be so continually at home, as to make daily service pos- 
 sible. But let us never lose sight of the rule, while we 
 admit exceptions, I think we sometimes sacrifice the daily 
 service to other objects, good indeed, and perhaps pro- 
 ductive of mors visible result, yet not really and in the 
 long run so conducive to the building up of the Church. 
 The daily service, even if very few of the Laity can attend 
 it, is a privilege of the Clergy. They are entitled, for the 
 spiritual welfare of their souls, to the degree of leisure for 
 devotion which it implies. Even if unable to say it in 
 church, we are all required, as you know, my reverend bre- 
 thren, unless hindered by sickness or some other urgent 
 cause, to say it privately.
 
 26 
 
 A Primary Charge to 
 
 Holy days. 
 
 Caution in 
 the use of 
 discretion 
 in depart- 
 ing from 
 Babrics. 
 
 The Holy 
 Sacra- 
 ments. 
 
 Joint 
 
 Priesthood 
 of Clergy 
 and Laity. 
 
 But certain days are marked by the Churcli as Boly 
 days, and for these special services are provided. I cannot 
 think that any work ought to be allowed regularly to 
 interfere with the duty of saying the Divine Service in 
 church on these days. If this duty prevents your under- 
 taking some other work which would have seemed de- 
 sirable, still you are at least on the safe side in obeying 
 unmistakeable law. Whenever we are in doubt, the safer 
 course is to obey. 
 
 And this principle, my reverend brethren, does seem to 
 me to render it a matter of very doubtful wisdom, to omit, 
 at our own discretion, services or parts of services which 
 the Church directs us to use. There are certain abridg- 
 ments of the daily service which have the sanction of 
 lawful precedent, having been authorized in the Province 
 of Canterbury; there are other abridgments and divisions 
 of services which custom and convenience seem to have 
 sanctioned among ourselves : but let us beware how we 
 increase the number of such customary departures from 
 the ]aw. With great deference to the number and judg- 
 ment of those who sometimes omit what is called the Longer 
 Exhortation — in my own opinion a very valuable and almost 
 a necessary part of our Liturgy — I will add, that unautho- 
 rized departures from the rubric are especially dangerous 
 if they touch the Sacramental Offices. There is only one 
 case in which such discretion would be more dangerous, 
 the case in which any exercise of it would amount to a 
 crime; that in which it should touch upon the Creeds. 
 For in the Sacraments is the life of the Church. These 
 we must guard with the most jealous reverence from pro- 
 fanation by careless or insincere receivers; we must sur- 
 round them, not the Sacrament of Eucharist only, but that 
 of Kegeneration also, with everything which befits and 
 illustrates the dignity of those holy mysteries; we must 
 teach our people to value the Holy Communion, and give 
 them frequent opportunities of receiving it ; always urging, 
 as we urge the necessity of partaking, the corresponding 
 duty of preparation. We who are Priests shoidd look on 
 our Celebrations as the chief w^ork and central purpose 
 of our lives ; and those who are Laity, and have a ahare
 
 the Diocese of Colombo. 27 
 
 only less responsible, not less real, than ours in those 
 tremendous realities, should no less look to the Holy Com- 
 munion, as the necessary continual sustenance of their life 
 in Christ. So bound together, Priesthood and Laity, by 
 Christ's Body and Blood, to Him and to each other, we 
 may all be built up, a spiritual house, a royal priesthood, 
 to offer up spiritual sacrifices, acceptable to God by Jesus 
 Christ. 
 
 I have now detained you long enough. I have left un- Conclu- 
 touched very many matters, and those which I have chosen ^^^^' 
 for notice have not been always in themselves the most 
 important, but they have been such as seemed to me to 
 be now pressing on our attention. I have aimed rather 
 at guiding your inquiries and inviting your counsel, than 
 at laying down, in this my first Charge, any authoritative 
 decrees. I have not called you together to congratulate 
 you as if we had already attained, but to ui'ge you, for- 
 getting those things which are behind, to reach forth unto 
 those things which are before. And when this solemn 
 gathering is over, may each of us go forth, with renewed 
 trust in His power Who is with us, to a life of ever-increas- 
 ing humility, purity, and self-denial, to more and more 
 labour, more and more, if it be His will, of poverty, and 
 more and more suffering, so only there be more and more 
 likeness to our Master, to set forth more and more evi- 
 dently Christ crucified.
 
 APPENDIX A. 
 
 EXTEACI FROM STATEMENT OF ClAIMS ADVANCED BY 
 
 THE Bishop, July 13, 1876. 
 
 " I CLAIM to be informed, whenever I desire information, of 
 any appointment to any spiritual office, Lay or Clerical, in the 
 Church, and to have a right of veto on the same; and to be 
 informed in all cases, where the importance of the matter or 
 my own desire makes it necessary, of all changes in the manage- 
 ment, order of service, or place of worship of any congregation."
 
 APPENDIX B. 
 
 Resolutions Passed at the Conference of the Bishops of the 
 Province of India and Ceylon, held at the Palace, Calcutta, 
 on the 8fh day of March, 1877, adjourned from the 7th day 
 of March, 1877. 
 
 The Relation of Missionary Societies to Diocesan 
 
 OfiGANIZATION. 
 
 Unanimously resolved : — 
 
 I. "We, the Metropolitan and Suffragan Bishops of the Pro- 
 vince, desire to record our high appreciation of the work done 
 on behalf of the Church of England by the great Missionary 
 Societies which have voluntarily laboured in her name. In 
 view, however, of the revival and extension of the Corporate 
 work of the Church, we feel the necessity of considering and 
 more accurately defining the relation of those Societies to Dio- 
 cesan organization. 
 
 II. " We further consider that the question of the conditions 
 under which Lay Agents are to be employed in the Church, 
 is one which demands the serious attention of the Church 
 at large. 
 
 III. "Pending the full consideration of these important sub- 
 jects, we resolve : — 
 
 (1.) "That the Bishop of every Diocese is, in the last resort, 
 responsible for all teaching given, and all work done, 
 within his diocese in the name and under the authority 
 of the Church. 
 
 (2.) " That, in accordance with this principle, every appoint- 
 ment to the discharge of spiritual functions in the Church, 
 ought to be made with due recognition of the ultimate 
 right of the Bishop to be consulted on such appointment, 
 and to exercise a veto upon the same. 
 
 (3.) "That it follows, from the same principle, that like re- 
 cognition ought to be accorded to the ultimate right of 
 the Bishop to be consulted with regard to any change 
 in the management, order of service, or place of worship, 
 of any congregation.
 
 30 Appendix B. 
 
 IV. "We severally undertake to bring the whole matter before 
 our respective dioceses, and, through the Metropolitan, to for- 
 ward a copy of these resolutions to the Metropolitans of the 
 other Provinces of the Anglican Communion, with an expression 
 of our hope that they will lay the same before their SuiFragans, 
 and obtain from them the opinion of their respective dioceses 
 upon the subjects referred to. 
 
 V. "We further resolve to meet, at such time and place as 
 may be settled by the Metropolitan, to consider the replies 
 which may have been received, and to take steps for ultimately 
 bringing the whole subject before the proposed Pan-Anglican 
 Synod." 
 
 CONSECEATION OP ChTTECHES. 
 
 At the adjourned Conference, held on Monday, March the 12th, 
 it was resolved : — 
 
 I. "That the idea of consecration implying that the person 
 or thing consecrated is thenceforth wholly and permanently given 
 up and dedicated for ever to sacred purposes, no building can 
 be, in the proper sense of the term, consecrated, unless the 
 site and the building are, at the time of consecration, legally 
 conveyed and given over to the Church for ever. The Bishop, 
 on the part of the Church, receives the gift at the hand of 
 the founder or founders, and solemnly consecrates it for ever. 
 
 II. "That such being the true idea of consecration, no church 
 which is intended to be a permanent consecrated building should 
 be built upon a site the title to which is in any way insecure 
 or of a temporary character, and every care should be taken 
 for legally securing the site before the building of any church 
 is commenced. 
 
 III. "That inasmuch as it is the law of the Church that 
 buildings which, either through insecurity of title to the site 
 or other circumstances, cannot be permanently dedicated and 
 consecrated, should be licensed by the Bishop, no building 
 should be used habitually, nor except under pressure of ne- 
 cessity even occasionally, for the celebration of the Holy Com- 
 munion, without his licence or permission." 
 
 Synodicai Action. 
 
 Upon this subject it was resolved : — 
 " That the time has come for taking steps to provide a system 
 of Synodical action, both Diocesan and Provincial, and that we
 
 Appendix B. 31 
 
 undertake to ascertain the feelings of the Clergy and Laity of 
 our several Dioceses in regard to the constitution of Diocesan 
 Synods." 
 
 Ecclesiastical CotntTs. 
 
 At the adjourned Conference on Friday, March the 9th, 
 it was resolved : — 
 
 "That it is to be desired, with a view to securing to the 
 Clergy and Laity a right of appeal, which at present, in the 
 case of revocation of licence, they have not, that in the case 
 of any proceedings being taken against any clergyman, the 
 opportunity should be offered to him of submitting his case to 
 an informal Court held by the Bishop, the Bishop undertaking, 
 in that event, to recognize the right of appeal to a simihirly 
 informal Court held by the Metropolitan, whose decision shall 
 be held to be final."
 
 APPEITDIX C. 
 
 CONFERENCE OE BISHOPS OF THE ANGLICAN COMMU- 
 NION, HOLDEN AT LAMBETH PALACE, JULY, 1878. 
 
 Letter from: the Bishops, iNCLrrDrisrG the Repoets 
 
 ADOPTED BY THE CoNEEEENCE ^. 
 
 BISHOPS PRESENT. 
 
 The Archbishop of Canterbury. 
 The Archbishop of York. 
 The Archbishop of Armagh. 
 The Archbishop of DubUn. 
 
 The Bishop of London. 
 
 The Bishop of Winchester. 
 
 The Bishop of Llandaff. 
 
 The Bishop of Ripon. 
 
 The Bishop of Norwich. 
 
 The Bishop of Bangor. 
 
 The Bishop of Gloucester and Bristol. 
 
 The Bishop of Chester. 
 
 The Bishop of St. Alban's. 
 
 The Bishop of Hereford. 
 
 The Bishop of Peterborough. 
 
 The Bishop of Lincoln. 
 
 The Bishop of Salisbury. 
 
 The Bishop of CarUsle. 
 
 The Bishop of Exeter. 
 
 The Bishop of Bath and Wells. 
 
 The Bishop of Oxford. 
 
 The Bishop of Manchester. 
 
 The Bishop of Chichester. 
 
 The Bishop of St. Asaph. 
 
 The Bishop of Ely. 
 
 The Bishop of St. David's. 
 
 The Bishop of Truro. 
 
 The Bishop of Eochester. 
 
 The Bishop of Lichfield. 
 
 The Bishop of Sodor and Man. 
 
 The Bishop of Meath. 
 The Bishop of Down. 
 The Bishop of KiUaloe. 
 The Bishop of Limerick. 
 The Bishop of Derry. 
 The Bishop of Cashel. 
 The Bishop of Ossory. 
 
 The Bishop of Moray. Primus. 
 The Bishop of St. Andrew's. 
 The Bishop of Edinburgh. 
 The Bishop of Aberdeen. 
 The Bishop of Glasgow. 
 The Bishop of Brechin. 
 The Bishop of Argyle. 
 
 The Bishop of 
 The Bishop of 
 The Bishop of 
 The Bishop of 
 The Bishop of 
 The Bishop of 
 The Bishop of 
 The Bishop of 
 The Bishop of 
 The Bishop of 
 The Bishop of 
 The Bishop of 
 The Assistant 
 
 rohna. 
 The Bishop of 
 
 Delaware. 
 
 New York. 
 Ohio. 
 
 Pennsylvania. 
 Western New York. 
 Nebraska. 
 Pittsbm'gh. 
 Louisiana. 
 Missouri. 
 Long Island. 
 Albany. 
 
 Central Pennsylvania. 
 Bishop of North Ca- 
 
 New Jersey. 
 
 » PubUshed under Authority, by Cassell, Petter, and Galpin.
 
 Appendix C. 
 
 33 
 
 The Bishop of Wisconsin. 
 The Bishop of Iowa. 
 The Bishop of Colorado. 
 
 The Bishop of Haiti. 
 The Bishop of Shanghai. 
 
 The Bishop of Montreal. 
 
 politan. 
 The Bishop of Fredericton. 
 The Bishop of Nova Scotia. 
 The Bishop of Ontario. 
 The Bishop of Huron. 
 The Bishop of Toronto. 
 The Bishop of Niagara. 
 
 The Bishop of Madras. 
 The Bishop of Colombo. 
 The Bishop of Bombay. 
 
 The Bishop of Guiana. 
 The Bishop of Kingston. 
 The Bishop of Antigua. 
 The Bishop of Barbados. 
 The Bishop of Nassau. 
 
 Metro- 
 
 The Bishop of Sydney. Metropolitan. 
 
 The Bishop of Adelaide. 
 
 The Bishop of North Queensland. 
 
 The Bishop of Christchnrch. Metro- 
 politan. 
 The Bishop of Dunedin. 
 
 The Bishop of Gibraltar. 
 
 The Bishop of Capetown. Metro- 
 politan. 
 The Bishop of St. Helena. 
 The Bishop of Maritzburg. 
 The Bishop of Bloemfontein. 
 The Bishop of Pretoria. 
 
 The Bishop of Eupertsland. Metro- 
 politan. 
 The Bishop of British Columbia. 
 The Bishop of Saskatchewan. 
 
 The Bishop of the Falkland Islands. 
 
 The Bishop Suffragan of Dover. 
 The Bishop Suffragan of Guildford. 
 The Bishop Suffragan of Nottingham. 
 
 Bishop Perry. 
 Bishop McDougall. 
 Bishop Eyan. 
 Bishop Claughton. 
 
 OFFICEKS OF THE CONFERENCE. 
 
 The Bishop of Gloucester and Bristol, 
 
 Secretary of the Conference. 
 
 The Bishop of Edinburgh, 
 
 Secretary of Committees. 
 
 IsAMBAED Brunel, D.C.L. , Chancellor of the Diocese of Ely, 
 Assistant Secretary.
 
 34 Appendix C. 
 
 LETTER. 
 
 To THE Faithful in Christ Jesus, greeting — 
 
 "We, Arclibisliops, Bishops Metropolitan, and other Bishops of 
 tlie Holy Catholic Church, in full communion witli the Church 
 of England, one hundred in number, all exercising superintend- 
 ence over Dioceses, or lawfully commissioned to exercise Epis- 
 copal functions therein, assembled, many of us from the most 
 distant parts of the earth, at Lambeth Palace, in the year of our 
 Lord 1878, under the presidency of the most reverend Archibald 
 Campbell, by Divine Providence Archbishop of Canterbury, Pri- 
 mate of all England ; after receiving, in the private Chapel of 
 the said Palace, the blessed Sacrament of the Lord's Body and 
 Blood, and after having united in prayer for the guidance of the 
 Holy Spirit, have taken into our consideration various definite 
 questions submitted to us affecting the condition of the Church 
 in divers parts of the world. 
 
 We have made these questions the subject of serious delibera- 
 tion for many days, and we now commend to the faithful the 
 conclusions which have been adopted. 
 
 Meport of Committee on the lest mode of maintaining Union among 
 the various Churches of the Anglican Communio7i. 
 
 1. — In considering the best mode of maintaining union among 
 the various Churches of our Communion, the Committee, first of 
 all, recognize, with deep thankfulness to Almighty God, the es- 
 sential and evident unity in which the Church of England and 
 the Churches in visible communion with her have always been 
 bound together''. United under One Divine Head in the fellowship 
 of the One Catholic and Apostolic Church, holding the One Faith 
 revealed in Holy Writ, defined in the Creeds, and maintained by 
 the Primitive Church, receiving the same Canonical Scriptures 
 of the Old and New Testaments as containing all things neces- 
 sary to salvation — these Churches teach the same Word of God, 
 partake of the same divinely-ordained Sacraments, through the 
 ministry of the same Apostolic orders, and worship one God and 
 Father through the same Lord Jesus Christ, by the same Holy 
 and Divine Spirit, Who is given to those that believe, to guide 
 them into all truth. 
 
 2. — Together with this unity, however, there lias existed among 
 
 ^ Note (A), page 51.
 
 Appendix C. 35 
 
 these Cburclies that variety of custom, discipline, and form of 
 worship which necessarily results from the exercise by each " par- 
 ticular or national Church" of its right " to ordain, change, and 
 abolish ceremonies or rites of the Church ordained only by man's 
 authority, so that all things be done to edifying." "We gladly 
 acknowledge that there is at present no real ground for anxiety 
 on account of this diversity ; but the desire has of late been 
 largely felt and expressed, that some practical and efficient 
 methods should be adopted, in order to guard against possible 
 sources of disunion in the future, and at the same time further 
 to manifest and cherish that true and substantial agreement 
 which exists among these increasingly numerous Churches. 
 
 3. — The method which first naturally suggests itself is that 
 which, originating with the inspired Apostles, long served to 
 hold all the Churches of Christ in one undivided and visible com- 
 munion. The assembling, however, of a true General Council, 
 such as the Church of England has always declared her readi- 
 ness to resort to, is, in the present condition of Christendom, 
 unhappily but obviously impossible. The difficulties attending 
 the assembling of a Synod of all the Anglican Churches, though 
 different in character and less serious in nature, seem to us 
 nevertheless too great to allow of our recommending it for pre- 
 sent adoption. 
 
 4. — The experiment, now twice tried, of a Conference of 
 Bishops called together by the Archbishop of Canterbury, and 
 meeting under his presidency, ofiers at least the hope that the 
 problem, hitherto unsolved, of combining together for consulta- 
 tion representatives of Churches so differently situated and ad- 
 ministered, may find, in the providential course of events, its own 
 solution °, Tour Committee would, on this point, venture to 
 suggest that such Conferences, called together from time to time 
 by the Archbishop of Canterbury, at the request of, or in con- 
 sultation with, the Bishops of our Communion, might with ad- 
 vantage be invested in future with somewhat larger liberty as 
 to the initiation and selection of subjects for discussion. For 
 example, a Committee might be constituted, such as should re- 
 present, more or less completely, the several Churches of the 
 Anglican Communion; and to this Committee it raiglit be en- 
 trusted to draw up, after receiving communications from the 
 Bishops, a scheme of subjects to be discussed. 
 
 5. — Meanwhile, there are certain principles of Church order 
 
 <= Note (B), page 52. 
 
 d2
 
 36 Appendix C. 
 
 which, your Committee consider, ought to be distinctly recog- 
 nized and set forth, as of great importance for the maintenance 
 of union among the Churches of our Communion. 
 
 (1.) First, that the duly-certified action of every national or 
 particular Church, and of each ecclesiastical Province (or Diocese 
 not included in a Province), in the exercise of its own"' discipline, 
 should be respected by all the other Churches, and by their indi- 
 vidual members. 
 
 (2.) Secondly, that, when a Diocese, or territorial sphere of 
 administration, has been constituted by the authority of any 
 Church or Province of this Communion within its own limits, 
 no Bishop or other Clergyman of any other Church should exer- 
 cise his functions within that Diocese without the consent of tlie 
 Bishop thereof''. 
 
 (3.) Thirdly, that no Bishop should authorize to officiate in 
 his Diocese a clergyman coming from another Church or Pro- 
 vince, unless such clergyman present letters testimonial, counter- 
 signed by the Bishop of the Diocese from which he comes ; such 
 letters to be, as nearly as possible, in tlie form adopted by such 
 Church or Province in the case of the transfer of a clergyman 
 from one Diocese to another. 
 
 Passing to details, your Committee would call attention to the 
 following points : — 
 
 I. — Of Church Organi%ation. 
 6. — Inasmuch as the sufficient and effective organization of the 
 several parts of the Church tends to promote the unity of the 
 whole, your Committee would, with this view, repeat the recom- 
 mendation in the sixth Eeport of the first Lambeth Conference^, 
 that those Dioceses which still remain isolated should, as circum- 
 stances may allow, associate themselves into a Province or Pro- . 
 vinces, in accordance with the ancient laws and usages of the 
 Catholic Church. 
 
 II. — Of Common Work. 
 7. — Believing that the unity of our Churches will be especially 
 manifested and strengthened by their uniting together in com- 
 mon work, your Committee would call attention to the great 
 value of such co-operation wherever the opportunity shall present 
 itself ; as, for example, in founding and maintaining, in the rais- 
 
 ^ This does not refer to questions respecting missionary Bishops and 
 foreign Chaplaincies, which have been entrusted to other Committees. 
 * Note (C), page 54.
 
 sionary field, schools for the training of a native ministry, such 
 as that which is now contemplated in Shanghai, and, generally, as 
 far as may be possible, in prosecuting missionary work, such 
 as that which the Churches in England and Scotland are main" 
 taining together in KafFraria. 
 
 III. — Of Commendatory Letters. 
 
 8.-»-(l.) This Committee would renew the recommendation of 
 the first Lambeth Conference, that letters commendatory should 
 be given by their own Bishops to clergymen visiting for a time 
 other Churches than those to which they belong, 
 
 (2.) They would urge yet more emphatically the importance 
 of letters commendatory being given by their own clergymen to 
 members of their flocks going from one country to another. And 
 they consider it desirable that the clergy should urge on such 
 persons the duty of promptly presenting these letters, and 
 should carefully instruct them as to the oneness of the Church 
 in its Apostolical constitution under its varying organization and 
 conditions. 
 
 It may not, perhaps, be considered foreign to this subject to 
 suggest here the importance of impressing upon our people the 
 extent and geographical distribution of our Churches, and of 
 reminding them, that there is now hardly any part of the world 
 where members of our Communion may not find a Church one 
 with their own in faith, order, and worship. 
 
 IV. — Of circulating Information as to the Churches. 
 
 9. — It appears that the want has been much felt of some centre 
 of communication among the Churches in England, Ireland, Scot- 
 land, America, India, the Colonies, and elsewhere, through which 
 ecclesiastical documents of importance might be mutually cir- 
 culated, and in which copies of them might be retained for 
 reference. Tour Committee would suggest that the Society for 
 Promoting Christian Knowledge might be requested to maintain 
 a department for this purpose, supported by special contributions ; 
 and also that provision might be made for the more general 
 dissemination, in each Church, of information respecting the acts 
 and current history of all the rest. They recommend that the 
 Eeports and other proceedings of this Conference, which it 
 may think fit to publish, should be communicated through this 
 channel. They further think it desirable that the ofiicial Acts, 
 and other published documents of each representative body of
 
 38 Appoidix C. 
 
 this Communion, should be interchanged among the respective 
 Bishops and the officers of such bodies. 
 
 Y. — Of a Bay of Inter cesdon. 
 
 10. — Eememberiug the blessing promised to united interces- 
 sion, and believing that such intercession ever tends to deepen 
 and strengthen that unity of His Church for which Our Lord 
 earnestly pleaded in His great intercessory prayer, your Com- 
 mittee trust that this Conference will give the weight of its 
 recommendation to the observance, throughout the Churches of 
 this Communion, of a season of prayer for the unity of Chris- 
 tendom. Tliis recommendation has been, to some extent, an- 
 ticipated by the practice adopted of late years of setting apart 
 a Day of Intercession for Missions. Tour Committee would by 
 no means wish to interfere with an observance which appears to 
 have been widely accepted, and signally blessed of God. But, as 
 our Divine Lord has so closely connected the unity of His fol- 
 lowers with the world's belief in His own Mission from the 
 Father, it seems to us that intercessions for the enlargement of 
 His Kingdom may well be joined with earnest prayer that all 
 who profess faith in Him may be one flock under one Shepherd. 
 With respect to the day, your Committee have been informed 
 that the Festival of St. Andrew, hitherto observed as the Day of 
 Intercession for Missions, is found to be unsuitable to the cir- 
 cumstances of the Church in many parts of the world. They, 
 therefore, venture to suggest that, after the present year, the 
 time selected should be the Tuesday before Ascension Day (being 
 a Rogation Day), or any of the seven days after that Tuesday ; 
 and they hope that all the Bishops of the several Churches will 
 commend this observance to their respective Dioceses. 
 
 VI. — Of Diversities in Worship. 
 
 12. — Tour Committee, believing that, next to oneness in " the 
 Faith once delivered to the saints," communion in worship is the 
 link which most firmly binds together bodies of Christian men, 
 and remembering that the Book of Common Prayer, retained 
 as it is, with some modifications, by all our Churches, has been 
 one principal bond of union among them, desire to call attention 
 to the fact that such communion in worship may be endangered 
 by excessive diversities of ritual. They believe that the internal 
 unity of the several Churches will help greatly to the union of 
 these one with another. And, while tliey consider that such 
 large elasticity in the forms of worship is desirable as will give
 
 Apjjeiid'u C, 39 
 
 wide scope to all legitimate expressions of devotional feeling, tliey 
 woul.l appeal, on the other liand, to the Apostolic precept that 
 "all things be done unto edifying," and to tha^Catholic principle 
 that order and obedience, even at the sacrifice cf personal prefer- 
 ences and tastes, lie at the foundation of Christian unity, and 
 are even essential to the successful maintenance of the Faith. 
 
 12. — They cannot leave this subject without expressing an 
 earnest hope that Churchmen of all views, however varying, will 
 recognize the dutj' of submitting themselves, for conscience sake, 
 in matters ritual and ceremonial, to the authoritative judgments 
 of that particular or national Church in which, by God's Provi- 
 dence, they may be placed ; and that they will abstain from all 
 that tends to estrangement or irritation, and will rather daily 
 and fervently pray that the Holy Spirit may guide every member 
 of the Church to "think and do alway such things as be right- 
 ful," and that He may unite us all in that brotherly charity 
 which is " the very bond of peace and of all virtues." 
 
 jRejport of Committee on Voluntary Boards of Arhitration for Churches 
 to which such an arrangement may he applicable. 
 
 1. — Tour Committee beg to submit the following Eeport : — 
 2. — The necessity for considering the subject which is entrusted 
 to your Committee — namely, Voluntary Boards of Arbitration for 
 Churches to which such an arrangement may be applicable — has 
 arisen from the fact that there is no appeal from the Ecclesiastical 
 Tribunals in the Colonial Churches to any of the ordinary Eccle- 
 siastical Courts of England, or to the Judicial Committee of the 
 Privy Council, when advising Her Majesty on appeals from Eccle- 
 siastical Courts. No questions relating to the exercise of disci- 
 pline in a Colonial Church can come before the Judicial Committee 
 of the Privy Council, except on appeal from civil courts in the 
 colony, exercising jurisdiction in matters affecting property or 
 civil rights. The subject, therefore, before your Committee ia 
 not the constitution or jurisdiction of Provincial or Diocesan 
 tribunals, but whether there should be some external tribunals, 
 or "Voluntary Boards of Arbitration," to which an appeal or 
 reference ought to be made ; how such Boards, when necessary, 
 should be constituted ; and under what circumstances they should 
 be approached. 
 
 3. — Tour Committee, having taken into consideration the whole 
 question, especially with reference to the action of some of the
 
 40 Appendix C, 
 
 Colonial Churclies since 1867, when a report bearing upon this 
 subject was prepared by a Committee of the Lambeth Conference 
 held in that year, would make the following general recom- 
 mendations : — 
 
 4. — I. (a) Every Ecclesiastical Province, which has constituted 
 for the exercise of discipline over its clergy a tribunal for receiv- 
 ing appeals from its Diocesan Courts, should be held responsible 
 for its own decisions in the exercise of such discipline ; and your 
 Committee are not prepared to recommend that there should 
 be any one central tribunal of appeal from such Provincial tri- 
 bunals. 
 
 5. — {h) If any Province is desirous that its tribunal of appeal 
 should have power to obtain, in matters of doctrine, or of dis- 
 cipline involving a question of doctrine, the opinion of some 
 council of reference before pronouncing sentence, your Com- 
 mittee consider that the conditions of such reference must be 
 determined by the Province itself ; but that the opinion of the 
 council should be given on a consideration of the facts of the 
 case, sent up to it in writing by the tribunal of appeal, and 
 not merely on an abstract question of doctrine. 
 
 6. — (c) In Dioceses which have not yet been combined into 
 a Province, or which may be geographically incapable of being 
 so combined, your Committee recommend that appeals should 
 lie from the Diocesan Courts to the Archbishop of Canterbury, 
 to be heard by His Grace with such assistance as he may deem 
 best. The cii'cumstances of each Diocese must determine how 
 such consensual jurisdiction could be enforced. 
 
 7. — II. As regards the very grave question of the trial of a 
 Bishop, inasmuch as any tribunal, constituted for this purpose 
 by a Province, is necessarily a tribunal of first instance, it would, 
 in the opinion of your Committee, be expedient that, when any 
 such provisions can be introduced by voluntary compact into the 
 constitutions or canons of any Church, the following conditions 
 should be observed : — 
 
 8. — [a) When any Bishop shall have been sentenced by the 
 tribunal constituted for the trial of a Bishop in any Ecclesiasti- 
 cal Province, if no Bishop of the Province, other than the ac- 
 cused, shall dissent from the judgment, there should be no ap- 
 peal ; provided that the case be heard by not fewer than five 
 Bishops, who shall be unanimous in their judgment. 
 
 9. — (b) If in consequence of the small number of Bishops in 
 a Province, or from any other sufficient cause, a tribunal of five 
 comprovincial Bishops cannot be formed, your Committee would
 
 Appendix C. 41 
 
 suggest tliat tile Province should provide for the enlargement 
 of the tribunal by the addition of Bishops from a neighbouring 
 Province. 
 
 10. — (c) In the event of the Provincial tribunal not fulfilling 
 the conditions indicated in paragraph 8 of this Report, your 
 Committee would suggest that, whenever an external tribunal 
 of appeal is not provided in the Canons of that Province, it 
 should be in the power of the accused Bishop, if condemned, 
 to require the Provincial tribunal to refer the case to at least 
 five Metropolitans or chief Bishops of the Anglican Communion, 
 to be named in the said Canons, of whom the Archbishop of Can- 
 terbury should be one ; and that, if any three of these shall re- 
 quire that the case, or any portion of it, shall be re-heard or 
 reviewed, it should be so re-heard or reviewed. 
 
 11. — {d) In cases in which an Ecclesiastical Province desires 
 to have a tribunal of appeal from its Provincial tribunal for try- 
 ing a Bishop, your Committee consider that such tribunal should 
 consist of not less than five Bishops of the Churches of the Angli- 
 can Communion, under the presidency of the Archbishop of Can- 
 terbury, if His Grace will consent thereto, with the assistance 
 of laymen learned in the law. 
 
 Report of Committee oti the relation to each other of Missionary/ 
 bishops and of Missionaries of various branches of the Anglican 
 Communion, acting in the same country. 
 
 1. — Tour Committee beg to submit the following Eeport : — 
 
 I. 
 
 2. — Tour Committee have had before them the question of 
 providing Books of Common Prayer for converts from heathen- 
 ism, suitable to the special wants of various countries; and they 
 recommend as follows : — 
 
 3. — They think it very important that such books should not 
 be introduced or multiplied without proper authority ; and, since 
 grave inconvenience might follow the use of different Prayer- 
 Books in the same district, in English and American Missions, 
 they recommend that, whenever it is possible, one Prayer-Book 
 only should be in use. 
 
 4. — It is expedient that Books of Common Prayer, suitable to 
 tlie needs of native congregations in heathen countries, should 
 be framed ; that the principles embodied in such books sliould 
 be ideutical with the principles embodied iu the Book of Common
 
 42 Appendix C. 
 
 Prayer ; and that the deviations from the Book of Commou Prayer 
 in point of form should only be such as are required by the cir- 
 cumstances of particular churches. 
 
 5. — In the case of heathen countries not under English or 
 American rule, any such book should be approved by a Board 
 consisting of the Bishop or Bishops under whose authority the 
 book is intended to be used, and of certain clergymen, not less 
 than three wbere possible, from the Diocese or Dioceses, or 
 district, and should then be communicated by such Bishop or 
 Bishops, or by the Metropolitan of the Province to which any 
 such Bishop belongs, to a Board in England, consisting of the 
 Archbishops of England and Ireland, the Bishop of London, 
 the Primus of the Scottish Episcopal Church, together with two 
 Bishops and four clergymen selected by them, and also to a Board 
 appointed by the General Convention of the Protestant Episcopal 
 Church in the United States of America. 
 
 6. — No such book should be held to have been authorized for 
 use in public worship, unless it have received the sanction of 
 these two Boards. 
 
 7.— In any Diocese of a country under English rule, all such 
 new books, being modifications or versions of the Book of Com- 
 mon Prayer, should be submitted, after approval by local autho- 
 rity, to the Board in England only. 
 
 II. 
 
 8. — Tour Committee have considered the case of Missions in 
 countries not under English or American rule, and they recom- 
 mend as follows : — 
 
 9. — In cases where two Bishops of the Anglican Communion 
 are ministering in tlie same country, as in China, Japan, and 
 Western Africa at the present time, your Committee are of 
 opinion that under existing circumstances each Bishop should 
 have control of his own clergy, and their converts and con- 
 gregations. 
 
 10. — The various Bishops in the same country should en- 
 deavour, as members of the same Communion, to keep up bro- 
 therly intercourse with each other on the subject of their Mis- 
 sionary work. 
 
 11. — In countries not under English or American rule, the 
 English or American Church would not ordinarily undertake 
 to establish Dioceses w ith strictly - defiuetl territorial limits ; 
 although either Church might indicate the district in which it 
 was intended that the Missionary Bishop should labour.
 
 Jppoidi.r C. 43 
 
 12. — Bishops in the same country sliould take care not to 
 interfere in any manner with the congregations or converts 
 of each other. 
 
 13. — It is most undesirable that either Church should for 
 the future send a Bishop or Missionaries to a town or district 
 alreadj- occupied by a Bishop of another branch of the Angli- 
 can Commiiaiou. 
 
 14. — When it is intended to send forth any new Missionary 
 Bishop, notification of such an intention should be sent before- 
 hand to the Archbishop of Canterbury, to the Presiding Bishop 
 of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States of 
 America, and to the Metropolitan of any Province near which 
 the Missionary Bishop is to minister. 
 
 III. 
 
 15. — Tour Committee have had before them a communication 
 from the Bishop of Calcutta, dated June 4th, 1878, containing 
 Eesolutions of the Bishops of India and Ceylon, also a letter from 
 Bishop Caldwell, dated June 1st, 1878, on the subject of the 
 relation of Bishops abroad to the Missionaries in their Dioceses 
 or districts, 
 
 16. — The questions raised by the Bishop of Calcutta's commu- 
 nication relate to the power and authority of the Bishop in 
 respect of giving and withdrawing the licences, 1st, of the clergy 
 under his charge; 2nd, of lay readers and catechists; also to the 
 rights of the Bishop in reference to changes in the management, 
 order of service, and place of worship of any congregation. 
 
 17. — As regards the licensing of the clergy, it is admitted 
 generally that every Missionary clergyman, whether appointed 
 by a society or otherwise, should receive the licence of the Bishop 
 in whose Diocese he is to labour ; but your Committee are of 
 opinion that, in case of refusal to give a licence to a clergyman, 
 the Bishop should, if the clergyman desire it, state the reasons 
 of his refusal, and transmit them to the Metropolitan, who should 
 have power to decide upon their suflaciency ; such reasons should 
 also be accessible to the person whose licence is in question. 
 Where there is no Metropolitan, the reasons should be trans- 
 mitted to the Archbishop of Canterbury, who should decide in 
 like manner. 
 
 18. — As regards the withdrawal of a licence, your Committee 
 find that in some Provinces the mode of proceeding for revocation 
 has been fixed by canon, and the jurisdiction thus created has 
 been established by consent, for these places it is not necessary
 
 44 Appendix C. 
 
 to make any recommendations, "Where no sucli jurisdiction 
 exists, your Committee recommend that the Bishop should in no 
 case proceed to the revocation of a clergyman's licence without 
 affording him the opportunity of shewing cause against it, and 
 that if the Bishop shall afterwards proceed to revoke the licence, 
 he should, if the clergyman desire it, state the reasons for his 
 decision to such clergyman, and also to the Metropolitan, who 
 should have power to sanction or disallow the revocation. In 
 eases where there is no Metropolitan, the Archbishop of Can- 
 terbury should be regarded as the Metropolitan for this purpose. 
 No such revocation should take place, except for grave eccle- 
 siastical offences. 
 
 19. — The Bishop would probably find it desirable, where the 
 clergyman is connected with one of the great Missionary so- 
 cieties, to communicate with the society or its local representa- 
 tives before taking steps for revocation of a licence. 
 
 20. — With regard to lay agents, your Committee consider it 
 desirable that such as are employed in more important spiritual 
 functions should have the licence or other express sanction of 
 the Bishop ; and that other laymen employed in Missionary 
 work should be considered to have the implied sanction of the 
 Bishop, and should not continue to be so employed, if the Bishop 
 see fit, for a grave reason, to forbid them. 
 
 21. — The authority of the Bishop in appointing places for 
 public worship has been always admitted in the Church. Every 
 place in which the Holy Communion is regularly celebrated 
 should have the sanction of the Bishop. 
 
 22, — Your Committee have been asked for an opinion as to 
 Subordinate, Co-ordinate, or Suffragan Bishops in India, to 
 minister to native congregations, within the limits of another 
 Diocese. Tour Committee think that there are manifest objec- 
 tions to the appointment of a Bishop to minister to certain con- 
 gregations within the Diocese of another Bishop, and wholly 
 independent of him. Tour Committee think that, for the 
 present, the appointment of Assistant Bishops, whether Euro- 
 pean or native, subordinate to the Bishop of the Diocese, would 
 meet the special needs of India in this matter, and would offer 
 the best security for order and peace.
 
 Appendix C. 45 
 
 Report of Committee on the position of Anglican Chaplains and 
 Chaplaincies on the Continent of Europe and elsewhere. 
 
 1. — Tour Committee have to report that they have agreed 
 to the following recommendations : — 
 
 2. — I. That it is highly desirable that Anglican congregations, 
 on the Continent of Europe and elsewhere, should be distinctly 
 urged not to admit the stated ministrations of any clergyman 
 without the written licence or permission of the Bishop of the 
 Anglican Communion who is duly authorized to grant it ; and 
 that the occasional assistance of strangers should not be in- 
 vited or permitted without some satisfactory evidence of their 
 ordination and character as clergymen. 
 
 3. — II. That it is desirable, as a general rule, that two chapels 
 shall not be established where one is sufficient for the members 
 of both Churches, American and English ; also that where there 
 is only one church or chapel the members of both Churches 
 should be represented on the Committee, if any. 
 
 4. — III, That it be suggested to the Societies which partly 
 support Continental Chaplaincies, that, in places where English 
 and American Churchmen reside or visit, and especially where 
 Americans outnumber the English, it may be desirable to appoint 
 a properly-accredited clergyman of the American Church. 
 
 5. — IV. That your Committee, having carefully considered 
 a Memorial addressed to the Archbishops and Bishops of the 
 Church of England by four Priests and certain other members 
 of "the Spanish and Portuguese Eeformed Episcopal Church," 
 praying for the consecration of a Bishop, cannot but express 
 their hearty sympathy with the Memorialists in the difficulties 
 of their position ; and, having heard a statement on the subject 
 of the proposed extension of the Episcopate to Mexico by the 
 American Church, they venture to suggest that, when a Bishop 
 shall have been consecrated by the American Church for Mexico, 
 he might be induced to visit Spain and Portugal, and render 
 such assistance, at this stage of the movement, as may seem 
 to him practicable and advisable.
 
 46 Appendix C. 
 
 Report of Committee appointed to receive questions submitted, to them, 
 in writing, hy Bishops desiring the advice of the Conference on 
 difficulties or problems they have met with in their several Dio- 
 ceses, and to report thereon. 
 
 Attention has been called to the following subjects by questions 
 submitted to your Committee: — 
 
 A. 
 
 (1.) The position which the Anglican Church should assume 
 towards the " Old Catholics " and towards other persons on the 
 Continent of Europe who have renounced their allegiance to the 
 Church of Rome, and who are desirous of forming some con- 
 nection with the Anglican Church, either English or American. 
 
 (2.) Applications for intercommunion between themselves and 
 tlie Anglican Church from persons connected with the Armenian 
 and other Christian communities in the East. 
 
 (3.) The position of Moravian ministers within the territorial 
 limits of Dioceses of the Anglican Communion. 
 
 B. 
 
 (1.) The "West Indian Dioceses. 
 
 {a.) Their proposed Provincial organization. 
 
 (b.) The position of their Diaconate. 
 (2.) The Church of Haiti. 
 
 C. 
 Local peculiarities regarding the Laws of Marriage. 
 
 D. 
 
 A Board of Reference for matters connected with Foreign 
 Missions. 
 
 E. 
 
 Difficulties arising in the Churcli of England from the revival 
 of obsolete forms of Ritual, and from erroneous teaching on the 
 subject of Confession. 
 
 A. 
 
 The fact that a solemn protest is raised in so many Churches 
 and Christian communi ies throughout the world against the 
 usurpations of the See of Eome, and against the novel doctrines 
 promulgated by its authority, is a subject for thankfulness to 
 Almighty God. All sympathy is due from the Anglican Church 
 to the Churches and individuals protesting against these errors, 
 and labouring, it may be, under special difficulties from the as- 
 saults of unbelief as well as from the pretensions of Rome.
 
 Appendix C, 47 
 
 We acknowledge but one Mediator between God and men — 
 the Man Christ Jesus, Who is over all, God blessed for ever. 
 We reject, as contrary to the Scriptures and to Catholic truth, 
 any doctrine which would set up other mediators in His place, 
 or which would take away from the Divine Majesty of the fulness 
 of the Godhead which dwelleth in Him, and which gave an 
 infinite value to the spotless Sacrifice which He offered, once 
 for all, on the Cross for the sins of the whole world. 
 
 It is therefore our duty to warn the faithful that the act done 
 by the Bishop of Rome, in the Vatican Council, in the year 1870 
 — whereby he asserted a supremacy over all men in matters both 
 of faith and morals, on the ground of an assumed infallibility — 
 was an invasion of the attributes of the Lord Jesus Clirist. 
 
 The principles on which the Church of England has reformed 
 itself are well known. A¥e proclaim the sufficiency and supre- 
 macy of the Holy Scriptures as the ultimate rule of faith, and 
 commend to our people the diligent study of the same. We 
 confess our faitli in the words of the ancient Catholic creeds. 
 We retain the Apostolic order of Bishops, Priests, and Deacons. 
 We assert the just liberties of particular or national Churches. 
 We provide our people, in their own tongue, with a Book of 
 Common Pi-ayer and Offices for the administration of the Sa- 
 craments, in accordance with the best and most ancient types 
 of Christian faith and worship. These documents are before 
 the world, and can be known and read of all men. We gladly 
 welcome every effort for reform upon the model of the Primitive 
 Church. We do not demand a rigid uniformity ; we deprecate 
 needless divisions ; but to those who are drawn to us in the 
 endeavour to free themselves from the yoke of error and super- 
 stition we are ready ^to offer all help, and such privileges as 
 may be acceptable to them and are consistent with the main- 
 tenance of our own principles as enunciated in our formularies. 
 
 Tour Committee recommend that questions of the class now 
 submitted to them be dealt with in this spirit. For the con- 
 sideration, however, of any definite cases in which advice and 
 assistance may, from time to time, be sought, your Committee 
 recommend that the Archbishops of England and Ireland, with 
 the Bishop of London, the Primus of the Scottish Episcopal 
 Church, and the Presiding Bishop of the Protestant Episcopal 
 Church in the United States of America, the Bishop super- 
 intending the congregations of the same upon the Continent 
 of Europe, and the Bishop of Gibraltar, together with such 
 other Bishops as they may associate with themselves, be
 
 48 Appendix C. 
 
 requested to advise upon such cases as circumstances may 
 require. 
 
 "With regard to the special questions now raised respecting 
 Moravian Orders^, the above-mentioned prelates are recom- 
 mended to associate with themselves such learned persons as 
 they may deem eminently qualified to assist them by their 
 knowledge of the historical difficulties involved. 
 
 B. 
 
 1. («) With respect to the West Indian Dioceses, assuming 
 such Dioceses to desire to be combined into a Province, your 
 Committee advise that the formal consent of the Diocesan Re- 
 presentative Synods, if free (as regards their relation to the 
 State) to give such consent, be first obtained. 
 
 The Bishops of the several Dioceses would then forward such 
 formal consent, or expressed desire, to the Archbishop of Can- 
 terbury, requesting him to give his sanction to the formation 
 of the Province. 
 
 Whether the General Synod of the Province should consist 
 of the Bishops, with representatives of the clergy and laity of 
 the respective Dioceses, or should consist of the Bishops of the 
 Province only; and, in the latter case, what limitation should 
 be imposed on the powers of such purely Episcopal Synod, 
 is a question which ought to be left to the Diocesan Synods 
 to decide, with the approval of the Archbishop of Canterbury. 
 
 If the West Indian Dioceses be formed into a Province, it 
 seems desirable that a Metropolitan should be, in the first 
 instance, elected from and by the Bishops of the West Indian 
 Dioceses. 
 
 f The special questions submitted were the following : — 
 
 "1. If a Moravian presbyter or deacon desires to be received into the 
 Anglican Ministry, ought I to (a) ordain him absolutely ; (b) re-ordain him 
 conditionally ; (c) accept his orders as valid, and simply give him mission 
 in the Anghcan Church ? 
 
 " 2. Can I canonically and regularly commission a Bishoi) of the Unitas 
 Fratrum in my Diocese either to confirm or to ordain for me, or to do both 
 Episcopal acts according to the Anglican Eitual ? 
 
 " 3. Am I justified, if called on, to confirm children, or ordain presbyters 
 or deacons, or do both for the Moravians, in their churches, and according 
 to their ritual ? 
 
 " 4. May Anghcan presbyters and deacons, with their Bishop's sanction, 
 officiate and minister the sacraments in Moravian chm-ches, according to 
 their ritual, and invite Moravian presbyters or deacons to execute the 
 functions appertaining to their office in Anglican chiurches, and according 
 to Anglican ritual ? "
 
 Appendix C. 49 
 
 (5) The questions s submitted respecting the peculiar circum-. 
 stances of the "West Indian Diaconate appear to your Committee, 
 upon full consideration, to be such as cau be adequately decided 
 only in Diocesan or Provincial Synods. 
 
 2. Tour Committee desire to express their satisfaction on learn- 
 ing that a Church in connection with the Anglican Communion 
 has been planted in the island of Haiti ; that a Bishop has been 
 consecrated thereto by Bishops of the Protestant Episcopal 
 Church in the United States of America, and the Bishop of 
 Kingston, Jamaica; and that successful efforts are being made 
 for the training of a native Ministry ; and your Committee trust 
 that God's blessing may rest upon the Bishop, Priests, and 
 Deacons, and all other members of this Church. 
 
 C. 
 
 With regard to those questions in connection with the Laws of 
 Marriage, which have been submitted to them, your Committee, 
 while fully recognizing the difficulties in which various branches 
 of the Church have been placed by the action of local Legislatures, 
 are of opinion that steps should be taken by each brancli of the 
 Church, according to its own discretion, to maintain the sanctity 
 of marriage, agreeably to the principles set forth in the Word of 
 God, as the Church of Christ hath hitherto received the same. 
 
 D. 
 
 With respect to what has been submitted to us on the subject 
 of Foreign Missions, jouv Committee are of opinion that it is 
 desirable to appoint a Board of Reference, to advise upon ques- 
 tions brought before it either by Diocesan or Missionary Bishops 
 or by Missionary Societies. Tour Committee are further of 
 opinion that the details of the formation and constitution of 
 such Board ought to be referred to the Archbisliops of England 
 and Ireland, the Bishop of London, the Primus of the Scottish 
 
 s These questions raised the following points : — 
 
 1. The desu'ableness, or otherwise, of recognizing a Diaconate which, 
 in certain cases, shall be practically permanent, instead of regarding the 
 Diaconate as the invariable step to the Presbyterate. 
 
 2. The desirableness, or otherwise, of permitting Deacons to engage in 
 such seciHar callings as ai'e not inconsistent with the due and edifying 
 discharge of sacred functions. 
 
 3. What modifications, if any, should be allowed as regards the intellectual 
 qualifications and tests to be required of, and imposed on, such laymen 
 as desire to become Deacons without relinquishing then- secular vocation. 
 
 E
 
 50 Appendix C. 
 
 !Episcopal Church, the Presiding Bishop of the Protestant Epis- 
 copal Church in the United States of America, with the Bishop 
 superintending the congregations of the same upon the Continent 
 of Europe, and such other Bishops as they may associate with 
 themselves, who should communicate with the authorities of the 
 various Colonial Churches, and with the existing Missionary 
 Organizations of the Anglican Communion. 
 
 E. 
 
 Considering unhappy disputes on questions of ritual, whereby 
 divers congregations in the Church of England and elsewhere 
 have been seriously disquieted, your Committee desire to affirm 
 the principle that no alteration from long-accustomed ritual 
 should be made contrary to the admonition of the Bishop of 
 the Diocese. 
 
 Eurther, having in view certain novel practices and teachings 
 on the subject of Confession, your Committee desire to aflBrm that 
 in the matter of Confession the Churches of the Anglican Com- 
 munion hold fast those principles wliich are set forth in the Holy 
 Scriptures, which were professed by the Primitive Church, and 
 which were re-affirmed at the English Eeformation ; and it is 
 their deliberate opinion that no minister of the Church is autho- 
 rized to require from those who may resort to him to open their 
 grief a particular or detailed enumeration of all their sins, or to 
 require private confession previous to receiving the Holy Commu- 
 nion, or to enjoin or even encourage the practice of habitual con- 
 fession to a Priest, or to teach that such practice of habitual 
 confession, or the being subject to what has been termed the 
 direction of a Priest, is a condition of attaining to the highest 
 spiritual life. At the same time your Committee are not to be 
 understood as desiring to limit in any way the provision made in 
 the Book of Common Prayer for the relief of troubled con- 
 sciences. 
 
 These are the Reports of the Conference, and the practical 
 conclusions at which we have arrived. Some of these conclusions 
 have reference to the special circumstances of different branches 
 of the One Church of Christ, according to peculiarities of their 
 various Missionary work for the heathen, or their labours amongst 
 their own people; some embody principles which apply to all 
 branches of the Church Universal. They are all limited in their 
 scope to those subjects which have been distinctly brought before 
 
 i 
 
 i
 
 Appendix C. 51 
 
 the assembled Bishops. We invite to them the attention of the 
 various Synods and other governing powers in the several 
 Churches, and of all tbe faithful in Christ Jesus throughout 
 the world. 
 
 We do not claim to be lords over God's heritage, but we com- 
 mend the results of this our Conference to the reason and 
 conscience of our brethren as enlightened by the Holy Spirit 
 of God, praying that all throughout the world who call upon 
 the name of our Lord Jesus Christ may be of one mind, may 
 be united in one fellowship, may hold fast the Faith once de- 
 livered to the saints, and worship their one Lord in the spirit 
 of purity and love. 
 
 Signed, on behalf of the Conference, 
 
 A. C. CANTUAE. 
 
 C. J. Gloucester and Bristol, 
 
 Secretary of the Conference. 
 
 Henet, Bishop of Edinbuegh, 
 
 Secretary of Committees. 
 
 I. Bednel, Chancellor of the Diocese of Ely, 
 Assistant Secretary. 
 
 Note A (page 34). 
 
 The Churches thus united are, at this time, the Church of 
 England, and the Churches planted by her in India, the Colonies, 
 and elsewhere, most of which Churches are associated into dis- 
 tinct Provinces ^ — the Church of Ireland ; the Episcopal Church 
 in Scotland ; the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United 
 States of America, with its Missionary Branches ; and the Church 
 in Haiti. Among the external evidences of the unity of these 
 Churches, none is more significant than that which frequently 
 occurs, — the uniting of Bishops of different Churches, e.g., of 
 English, Scottish, and American Bishops, in that most important 
 
 '' There ajre six Provinces, viz. : — 
 
 India, with six Dioceses. 
 Canada, with nine Dioceses. 
 Rupertsland, with four Dioceses, 
 South Africa, with eight Dioceses, 
 Australia, with twelve Dioceses, 
 Neiu Zealand, with seven Dioceses, 
 And there are twenty Dioceses not yet associated in Provinces. 
 
 E 2
 
 52 Appendix C. 
 
 function, by which the Episcopal succession is continued. On 
 more than one occasion, also, the Church in Scotland has con- 
 secrated a Bishop in behalf of the Church of England, when legal 
 difficulties have impeded the consecration in England. 
 
 Note B (page 35). 
 
 One of the results of the first Lambeth Conference was the 
 appointment of a Committee to prepare a Bill for placing on 
 a more satisfactory footing the status in England of clergy or- 
 dained by Bishops of Colonial and other Churches, outside the 
 Churcli in England. 
 
 A Bill to effect this object was introduced by Lord Blachford 
 into Parliament in the Session of 1873, and became law in the 
 Session of 1874, under the name of " The Colonial Clergy Act, 
 1874." (37 & 38 Vict., cap. 77.) 
 
 The Act -does not apply to the clergy of the Episcopal Church 
 in Scotland. The legal disabilities of the Scottish clergy were 
 removed, and their position defined, by the Act, 27 & 28 Vict., 
 cap. 94. 
 
 "With this exception, the Act of 1874 deals with the status of 
 all clergy ordained by Bisliops other than Bishops of Dioceses in 
 England and Ireland. It proceeds upon the assumption that all 
 clergymen so ordained may be admitted to exercise their func- 
 tions in the Church of England ; but that the Bishops of that 
 Church have a right, in respect of tliese clergy, to discretion- 
 ary powers, analogous to those which they liave in the case of 
 ordination. 
 
 The following are the provisions of the Act which affect tlie 
 clergy ordained by Bishops other than those of (1) Dioceses in 
 England ; or (2) The Church of Ireland ; or (3) The Episcopal 
 Church in Scotland. 
 
 " Section 3. — Except as hereinafter mentioned, no person who 
 has been or shall be ordained Priest or Deacon, as the case may 
 be, by any Bishop other than a Bisliop of a Diocese in one of the 
 Churches aforesaid shall, unless he shall hold or have previously 
 held preferment or a curacy in England, oflB.ciate as such Priest 
 or Deacon in any church or. chapel in England, without written 
 permission from the Archbishop of the Province in which he pro- 
 poses to officiate, and without also making and subscribing so 
 much of the declaration contained in ' The Clerical Subscription 
 Act, 1865,' as follows : (that is to say,) 
 
 ** ' I assent to the Thirty-nine Articles of Religion, and to the
 
 Appendix C. 53 
 
 Book of Common Prayer, and of the Ordering of Bishops, Priests, 
 and Deacons. I believe the doctrine of the Church of England 
 as therein set forth to be agreeable to the Word of God ; and 
 in public prayer and administration of the sacraments, I, whilst 
 ministering in England, will use the form in the said Book pre- 
 scribed and none other, except so far as shall be ordered by 
 lawful authority.' 
 
 " Section 4. — Except as hereinafter mentioned, no person who 
 has been or shall be ordained Priest or Deacon, as the case may 
 be, by any Bishop other than a Bishop of a Diocese in one of 
 the Churches aforesaid, shall be entitled as such Priest or Deacon 
 to be admitted or instituted to any benefice or other ecclesiastical 
 preferment in England, or to act as Curate therein, without the 
 previous consent in writing of the Bishop of the Diocese in which 
 such preferment or curacy may be situate. 
 
 " Section 5. — Any person holding ecclesiastical proferment, 
 or acting as Curate in any Diocese in England under the pro- 
 visions of this Act, may, with the written consent of the Bishop 
 of such Diocese, request the Archbishop of the Province to give 
 him a licence in writing under his hand and seal in the following 
 form ; that is to say : — 
 
 "'To theEev. A. £., 
 " * We, C, by Divine Providence Archbishop of D., do hereby 
 give you, the said A.B., authority to exercise your office of 
 Priest (or Deacon) according to the provisions of an Act of the 
 thirty-seventh and tliirty-eighth years of Her present Majesty, 
 intituled "An Act respecting Colonial and certain other Clergy." 
 " ' Given under our hand and seal on the day of 
 
 '"C. (l.s.)Z>.' 
 
 " And if the Archbishop shall think fit to issue such licence, the 
 same shall be registered in the registry of the Province, and the 
 person receiving the licence shall thenceforth possess all such 
 rights and advantages, and be subject to all such duties and 
 liabilities, as he would have possessed and been subject to if 
 he had been ordained by the Bishop of a Diocese in England : 
 Provided that no such licence shall be issued to any person who 
 has not held ecclesiastical preferment or acted as Curate for 
 a period or periods exceeding in the aggregate two years." 
 
 The Act also contains the following provision as to the Conse- 
 cration of Bishops : — 
 
 " Section 12. — It shall be lawful for the Archbishop of Can- 
 terbury or the Archbishop of York, for the time being, in con-
 
 54 Appendix C. 
 
 secrating any person to the office of a Bishop, for tlie purpose 
 of exercising Episcopal functions elsewhere than in England, 
 to dispense, if he think fit, with the oath of due obedience to 
 the Archbishop." 
 
 Note C (page 36). 
 
 The following extract from the Report refers to this subject : — 
 " Tour Committee strongly recommend that all those Dioceses 
 which are not as yet gathered into Provinces should, as soon 
 as possible, form part of some Provincial organization. The 
 particular mode of efiecting this in each case must be deter- 
 mined by those who are concerned." 
 
 The Committee would also call attention to the concluding 
 paragraph of the same Eeport : — 
 
 " In the case of the limits of an existing Province being 
 altered, the consent of the Synod of that Pi'ovince would be 
 required for the alteration."
 
 APPENDIX D. 
 
 ' Diocesan Teiining College, Kakdy, 
 
 15^ October, 1878. 
 Deab Sib, 
 
 I beg to inform you tliat a Training College has been estab- 
 lished for the education of young men for Sinhalese School- 
 masters, in whicb a thorough instruction is given in those sub- 
 jects which form the usual branches of instruction in our schools. 
 It is under the management of the Committee of the Diocesan 
 Fund, with the Lord Bishop as Visitor. 
 
 The want of efl&cient Masters has long been felt, and it is 
 hoped that the Training College will be the means of supply- 
 ing- a deficiency. 
 
 The College was opened at the beginning of the year. Five 
 Students were then admitted, and, since that time, two proba- 
 tionary Students have been received, making a total of seven. 
 (Probationary Students are those who, on account of age or at- 
 tainments, are not eligible for Students, or who may be desirous 
 of admission out of the usual course. They may be admitted by 
 special arrangement, on payment of 5 rupees per month.) 
 
 Students are boarded and educated free of expense. They are, 
 however, required to provide their own clothing, and to pay their 
 own expenses when travelling. 
 
 Candidates should be over eighteen years of age, and have 
 passed the Sixth Standard (Anglo-Vernacular). 
 
 They should be of good health, and free from defects of voice, 
 vision, or hearing. 
 
 The residence at the Training College will usually comprise 
 two years, though the time may be modified, according to cir- 
 cumstances, by the Principal. 
 
 On the completion of their training, each Student will receive 
 a certificate which will qualify him for the position of School- 
 master in the Diocesan Schools ; and in which capacity he will 
 receive employment at a salary of not less than 20 rupees per 
 month. 
 
 In consideration of the expense in training them. Students will
 
 56 Ajjpoidicc D. 
 
 be required to enter into an engagement to serve at least five 
 years in the Diocesan Schools. 
 
 Schoolmasters are liable to have their Certificates withdrawn 
 by the Bishop for incompetency or misconduct. 
 
 An examination of candidates for admission will take place 
 annually at Christmas-tide. The number admitted will vary ac- 
 cording to circumstances. 
 
 As the funds of the College are very limited, any help will be 
 thankfully received by the Principal ; for the same reason, prefer- 
 ence will always be given to those Students who are willing to 
 contribute something towards their maintenance. 
 
 Should Clergymen or others require a young man to be trained 
 for a particular work, it may be so arranged, provided his ex- 
 penses for food (10 rupees per mouth) are paid by those for 
 whom he is being trained. 
 
 It is earnestly requested that promising young men may be 
 sought for and encouraged to seek admission to the Training 
 College. 
 
 All applications must be accompanied by a certificate from 
 a Clergyman, that the candidate is a hond fide member of the 
 Church of England. 
 
 Por the convenience of candidates, examinations will be held 
 simultaneously at St. Thomas's College, Colombo, and the Dio- 
 cesan Training College, Kandy. 
 
 All communications to be addressed to the Hev. T. B. Eobekt- 
 soN, Principal, Diocesan Training College, Kandy. 
 
 I am, Sir, 
 Tour most obedient Servant, 
 
 T. B. Robertson, Principal.
 
 APPENDIX E. 
 
 Eegulations for the Portions of the General Cemeteries, 
 Kanatta and Mabampitita, set apart for the use of the 
 Church of England. 
 
 1. Eesolted, That tbe Churcli-of-Englaud Cemeteries' Com- 
 mittee consist of all the Clergy of the Church of England hold- 
 ing the Bishop's licence to minister to congregations within the 
 municipal limits (provided that there be no more than one cleri- 
 cal representative from any congregation), and one Lay Com- 
 municant, elected from time to time by each of such congrega- 
 tions : the Bishop being Chairman. 
 
 The Committee shall be convened once in every year, during 
 the months of November, December, or January. 
 
 2. Eesolved, That a Board be appointed by the Committee for 
 carrying out the Rules laid down by the Committee, and dealing 
 with all questions as they arise ; one of the Board being appointed 
 Curator, who in ordinary cases would act in the first instance on 
 the behalf of the Board. 
 
 In case of any dissatisfaction with the decision of the Board, 
 the subject be referred to the Bishop, who, if he think it neces- 
 sary, or if it be required either by appellant or by a majority of 
 the Board, will refer the complaint to the Committee for final 
 decision. 
 
 It was resolved that the Board consist of three members, two 
 of whom must be laymen and one a clergyman, to be elected 
 in every instance by the Committee. 
 
 The Bishop may at any time summon the Committee to con- 
 sider any action of the Board, and in the meantime, if he think 
 it necessary, may suspend or reverse such action : provided that 
 in the case of his so interfering, the Committee be summoned 
 to meet within twenty-one days at the farthest. 
 
 3. Eesolved, That no ground be opened for burial except 
 upon a certificate from some Clergyman holding the Bishop's 
 licence in the diocese, to the efl'ect that such person for whom
 
 58 Appendix E. 
 
 the grave is required died a bond fide member of the Churcli 
 of England. 
 
 That printed forms of such certificate be provided by the Board, 
 and issued to the Clergy who are members of this Committee. 
 Such forms shall contain instructions as to tlie conduct of funerals 
 and fees payable. 
 
 The Board shall have power to dispense with such certificate, 
 if it shall seem good to them, in the case of the Christian husband, 
 or wife, or young child (being baptized) of a person already in- 
 terred, but in no other case ; provided always that the Church- 
 of-England service be used. 
 
 No one at any time shall be allowed to conduct any service 
 whatever in either cemetery or cemetery chapel, unless he be 
 duly licensed by the Bishop of the diocese. 
 
 4. Eesolved, That three grades of burial be provided for, — 
 1st. That ground may be purchased at a fixed sum per 
 
 square foot. 
 2nd. That space considered by the Board sufficient for a 
 
 single grave be allotted for a fixed sum. 
 3rd. That to those who are unable to bear the expense, 
 a grave, free of charge, may be given by the Board. 
 (1. ') That the exclusive rights of burial in any portion of the 
 ground may be purchased at the rate of 30 rupees in respect of 
 each allotment of 8 ft. by 8 ft. 
 
 (2.) That the Board may grant to any person a grave for the 
 charge of 7.50 rupees for the burial of an adult, and of 3.75 ru- 
 pees for that of a child under 10 years of age. 
 
 (3.) That the right of burial may be granted by the Board free 
 of all charge on the certificate of a clergyman, stating the in- 
 capacity by the applicant to bear the ordinary expense. 
 
 (4.) No person shall be entitled to purchase the exclusive 
 right of burial in any piece of ground larger than 16 ft. by 8 ft. 
 at one time, or to hold a larger piece for such exclusive right 
 without special leave from the Board. 
 
 (5.) The Cemetery -keeper shall be authorized to receive the 
 fees and to pay them to the Curator monthly, and the accounts 
 shall be audited yearly by the Eegistrar of the Diocese, and pub- 
 lished by the Board. 
 
 " The Eules 4 (1), 4 (2), 4 (3), 4 (4), 4 (5), embodying the Scale of Fees, 
 have been framed by the Executive Council, and have received the sanction 
 of H. E. the Governor.
 
 Appendix E. 59 
 
 The above-mentioned charges do not include the Clergyman's 
 fee, the maximum fee for the minister being, as in the Govern- 
 ment Ordinance, 5 rupees. 
 
 5. The design, measurement, and inscription of every monu- 
 ment must be submitted to the Board, and no monument may 
 be erected without the approval of the Curator, given in writing 
 on behalf of the Board, subject to the appeal above provided, and 
 subject to the payment of 5 rupees for obtaining such permission 
 for the erection of the monument. 
 
 That in every case where no monument is erected by the 
 friends or relatives of the deceased, the Board shall place a small 
 stone cross or mark, with the number of the grave corresponding 
 to the Eegister of the burial. 
 
 6. Eesolved, That the Bishop be requested to consecrate the 
 Church of England Cemeteries at Kanatta and Madampitiya, 
 reserving in each a portion of ground for the interment of un- 
 baptized children of members of the Church of England, and 
 other persons for whom it might be desirable in the discretion 
 of the Board to provide graves. 
 
 7. The Committee shall be summoned by the Chairman at any 
 time on the requisition of two members of the Board, such meet- 
 ing to take place within twenty-one days from the receipt of 
 such requisition. 
 
 8. It shall be the duty of the Board, so far as the funds at 
 their disposal shall permit, to preserve and beautify the Ceme- 
 teries, and to appoint and employ in each a Cemetery-keeper, 
 and such other servants as may be required for the upkeep of 
 the roads and graves. 
 
 9. These Rules can be revised only by a meeting of the Com- 
 mittee, of which at least twenty-one days' notice shall have been 
 given to the Clergy, and to one at least of the Churchwardens 
 or Trustees of every congregation, and by a majority of at least 
 two-thirds of the members present. 
 
 No motion affecting any rule can be brought forward at any 
 meeting of the Committee, unless notice of such motion has been 
 given to the Secretary, in writing, at least fourteen days pre- 
 viously, the notice to be circulated by the Secretary among the 
 members of the Committee.
 
 60 
 
 Appendix E, 
 
 These Eulee were passed at meetings held ou Saturday, No- 
 vember 23rd, and Saturday, December 7th, 1878, by a Committee 
 consisting of the following members : — 
 
 The Right Rev. the Loed Bishop (Chairman). 
 
 Lay. 
 
 . Hon. Col. Fyers. 
 
 , ]\L-. J. A. G. Perera. 
 
 . J. r. Churchill, Esq. 
 
 . E. De Saram, Esq. 
 
 . J. Gomes, Esq. 
 
 . E. Dias, Esq. 
 CA. Muttukistna, Esq., 
 (_ Mudaliar. 
 
 . Mr. Guauamuttu. 
 
 . Mr. Titus. 
 
 . Mr. A. Fernando. 
 
 f Mr. Jayesuriya Siri- 
 
 \ wardene. 
 
 Cathedral (English) 
 Do. (Sinhalese) 
 St. Peter's 
 Holy Trinity 
 St. Paul's 
 All Saints' 
 
 St. Thomas' 
 
 Jll Saifits' Chapel 
 
 St. James' 
 
 St. Thomas' Chapel 
 
 Galkisse . 
 
 Clerical. 
 Warden of St. Thomas' Coll 
 Rev. J. De Silva 
 Rev. W. F. KeUy . 
 Rev. H. W. Meeres >' 
 Rev. C. W. De Hoedt 
 Rev. S. W. Dias 
 
 Rev. S. J. D. Ondaatjie 
 
 Rev. A. Vethecan 
 
 Rev. C. David . 
 
 Rev. A. Wickramanayake 
 
 Rev. C. Senannayake 
 
 Additional members elected by the Committee : — 
 Honourable J. Douglas. J. Swan, Esq. F. C. Loos, Esq. 
 
 Unavoidably absent from the meetings.
 
 APPENDIX F. 
 
 THE BISHOP'S GRANT FOR RELIGIOUS INSTRUCTION 
 IN CHURCH-OF-ENGLAND SCHOOLS. 
 
 1. This system is provisional only, until a Diocesan System 
 of inspection can be completed. 
 
 2. It is applicable, on the written request of managers, to all 
 Schools of whatever description, in which the following conditions 
 are complied with. 
 
 3. All the Teachers must be Christians, and the Head-teachers 
 Communicants of the Church of England. 
 
 4. The Books used and the method of instruction must be ap- 
 proved by the Bishop. 
 
 5. The Pupils presented must have been bond fide pupils of the 
 School for the previous eight months, and must not have been 
 presented in any other school within twelve months. 
 
 6. Baptized Christians, Catechumens'*, and Heathens must be 
 presented in three separate groups. If the groups have not 
 been habitually taught separately, only half of the Grant will 
 be given. 
 
 7. Group I., containing only Baptized Christians, will be ex- 
 amined in three Divisions, in which the subjects will be as 
 follow : — 
 
 1st Division. 
 
 Section i. Rudimentary knowledge of the Contents of 
 
 the Holy Scripture. 
 Section ii. The Lord's Prayer, Creed, and Ten Com- 
 mandments. 
 2nd Division. 
 
 Section i. A sufficient special portion of Holy Scripture 
 (the selection being approved by the Bishop) and gene- 
 ral knowledge of the contents of Holy Scripture. 
 Section ii. The Church Catechism. 
 3rd Division. 
 
 Section i. Thorough knowledge of one Gospel, besides 
 
 general knowledge of the text of the Scripture. 
 Section ii. The His'ory and Contents of the Prayer-Book. 
 
 * A Catechumen is a person who, though professing Christianity, has never 
 been baptized.
 
 62 
 
 Appendix F. 
 
 Group II. will be examined in Two Divisions. 
 1st Division. As in Group I. 
 2nd Division. 
 
 Section i. As in Group I. 
 
 Section ii. The Lord's Prayer, Creed, and Ten Command- 
 ments, with the explanation of them taken from the 
 Church Catechism. 
 Group III. will be examined in two Divisions. 
 1 st Division, 
 
 Section i. Elementary knowledge respecting the attri- 
 butes of God, and the Creation. 
 Section ii. Elementary knowledge of right and wrong. 
 2nd Division. 
 
 Section i. The Historical contents of the Old and New 
 
 Testaments. 
 Section ii. The Ten Commandments, and their meaning 
 as developed in the New Testament. 
 
 8. In each Division the Standard of a Pass will be to some 
 extent proportioned to the age and capacities of the children : 
 and no child will be allowed to pass more than twice in each 
 Division. 
 
 9. The Grant will be awarded according to the following 
 rates : — 
 
 Group I., for each Pupil passing in Section i 
 
 Do. „ „ „ 
 
 Group II. „ „ „ 
 
 Do. „ „ „ 
 
 Group III. „ „ „ 
 
 Do. „ „ „ 
 
 Capitation for every child of Communicant 
 
 members of the Church of England . 1 00 
 
 10. Any pupil may be examined in any language, as desired by 
 the Manager, but no credit will be given for any knowledge 
 which the child cannot express in its mother-tongue. 
 
 11. Schools put upon the List before January 31st, 1879, will 
 be examined, if possible, during that year. 
 
 
 Rs. 
 
 Cts 
 
 L i. 
 
 1 
 
 00 
 
 ii. 
 
 1 
 
 00 
 
 
 
 
 50 
 
 ii. 
 
 
 
 50 
 
 
 
 
 25 
 
 ii. 
 
 
 
 50
 
 APPENDIX G. 
 
 CONFERENCE OF CLERGY AND LAITY. 
 
 An informal Conference of tlie Clergy and Laity of the Diocese 
 of Colombo was held under the Presidency of the Bishop, in tlie 
 Library of St. Thomas' College, Colombo, on May 1st, at 3 p.m., 
 after the conclusion of the formal Visitation. 
 
 The following Resolutions were carried, after sliort dis- 
 cussions : — 
 
 "I, That a Committee be appointed to consider the ques- 
 tion of Lay Orders in this Diocese, and report thereon to the 
 Bishop." 
 
 The Aechdeacon- proposed, Mr. Hoesfall seconded. 
 Carried by a large majority. 
 "II. That a Committee be appointed to consider the steps 
 necessary for the erection of the proposed new Cathedral." 
 Col. Ftees proposed, Mr. Grkniee seconded. 
 Carried nem. con. 
 " III. That a Committee be nominated to consider the question 
 of the tenure of Church property." 
 
 Mr. Geexiee proposed, Mr. Thomas seconded. 
 Carried nem. con. 
 "IV. («.) That an authoritative Committee be appointed to 
 deal with the question of Diocesan Finance." 
 
 Eev. W. F. Kelly proposed, Col. Ftees seconded. 
 Carried nem. con. 
 " {b.) That a paid organizing Secretary ought to be appointed 
 for the Diocesan Fund." 
 
 Mr. Hoesfall proposed, Mr. Ffinch seconded. 
 Carried nem. con. 
 Committees were appointed in each case. The Conference 
 lasted about two hours and a-half, and was attended by nearly 
 fifty Clergy, and a considerable number of laymen, being Cate- 
 chists, Trustees, Churchwardens, or Lay-readers.
 
 APPENDIX H. 
 
 MEETING OF THE PRESBYTERY. 
 
 A Meeting of the Presbytery of the Diocese of Colombo was 
 held in St. TJaomas' College, Colombo, at 11 a.m., on May 2, the 
 day following the Primary Visitation of the Lord Bishop, the 
 Holy Communion having first been celebrated in the Cathedral 
 at 8 a.m. 
 
 The LoED Bishop presided, and the following Presbyters were 
 present '^ : — 
 
 The Ven. the Archdeacon. 
 Rev. J. Allcock. 
 
 A. R. Cavalier. 
 
 T. Christian. 
 
 S. Coles. 
 
 C. David. 
 
 C. W. de Hoedt. 
 
 E. de Mel. 
 
 J. de Silva. 
 
 E. H. de Wiutou. 
 R. H. Duthy. 
 
 F. D. Edresinghe. 
 
 G. H. Gomes. 
 H. Gunasekara. 
 H. C. Hancock. 
 W. Herat. 
 J. I. Jones. 
 W. F. Kelly. 
 
 Rev. C. A. Koch. 
 E. C. La Brooy. 
 J. S. Lyle. 
 
 G. W. R. Mackenzie. 
 A. Mendis. 
 H. D. Meyrick. 
 
 E. E. Miller. 
 T. Mortimer. 
 M. C. Odell. 
 J. C. M. Ogilvie. 
 P. Peter. 
 
 F. W. C. Rigby. 
 W. E. Rowlands. 
 
 C. Senanayake. 
 A. Vethecan. 
 H. Wikkramanayaka. 
 
 D. Wood. 
 
 ■ The following Presbyters were exemi^ted from personal attendance at the 
 Visitation : — 
 
 Her. G. Champion. 
 ,, A. Dias. 
 ,, R. T. Dowbiggin. 
 ,, R. Edwards. 
 „ W. Ellis. 
 „ A. A. W. Hadley. 
 
 Rev. J. P. Handy. 
 J. Hensman. 
 E. Hoole. 
 W. Oakley. 
 J. D. Simmons. 
 D. Somanader. 
 
 The Rev. J. Bamforth was excused attendance at the meeting of the Pres- 
 bytery. 
 
 The Eev. S. W. Dias was absent through illness. 
 The following Presbyters were absent from the Diocese on leave : — 
 Rev. R. Collins. i Rev. H. W. Meeres. 
 
 ,, T. F. Falkner. ,, H. Newton. 
 
 ,, P. Marks. I „ G. F. Unwin. 
 
 The total number of Presbyters in the Diocese is fifty-five.
 
 Appendix H. 65 
 
 The Subjects brought before the Meeting were as follows : — 
 
 I. J3isJiop's Council. 
 
 The Lord Bishop nominated the following seven Presbyters to 
 form, with the approval of their brethren, his Standing Council 
 of advisers : — 
 
 The Veu. the Archdeacon. I Rev. S. W. Dias. 
 
 The Rev. the Warden of S. Thomas' „ M. C. Odell. 
 
 CoUege. „ r. W. C. Rigby. 
 
 Rev. W. F. KeUy. I „ J. Allcock. 
 
 II. Bay of Intercession. 
 
 The LoED Bishop having referred to the resolution of the 
 Lambeth Conference, recommended Bogation - Tuesday to the 
 Presbytery as the day to be observed. 
 
 III. Letters Commeiidatory . 
 lY. Marriage Laws. 
 
 V. Treatment of Lapsed Persons. 
 
 VI. Meligious Instruction in Schools. 
 
 These four Subjects having been discussed as time allowed, were 
 each referred, by a unanimous vote, to a Committee or Committees 
 to be appointed. 
 
 The following General Committee was then nominated nem. con., 
 to deal wdth the aforesaid Subjects : — 
 
 The Lord Bishop. Rev. W. F. KeUy. 
 
 The Ven. the Archdeacon. „ C. A. Koch. 
 
 The Rev. the Warden of St. Thomas' „ J. S. Lyle. 
 
 College. „ M. C. OdeU. 
 
 Rev. J. AUcock. „ F. W. C. Rigby. 
 
 „ A. R. Cavalier. ' „ W. E. Rowlands. 
 
 „ S. Coles. „ C. Senanayake. 
 
 „ 6. H. Gomes. '' „ A. Vethecan. 
 
 „ H. C. Hancock. „ D. Wood. 
 
 „ J. Ireland Jones. 
 
 with power to add to their number. 
 
 It was further resolved nem. con. that this Committee should 
 also deal with 
 
 (1.) The question of Lay Orders, raised at the Conference of 
 Clergy and Laity. 
 
 (2.) The question of the relations of one Clergyman's sphere to 
 that of another, and how " intrusion " is to be defined. 
 
 The LoED Bishop having then left the meeting, the Yen. the 
 Aechdeacon took the chair, and the following five Presbyters were
 
 66 
 
 Appendix H. 
 
 nominated nem. con., to serve as a Committee for advising tlie 
 Bishop as to the revision of Licences : — 
 
 The Veu. the Archdeacon. 
 The Rev. the Warden of St. Thomas' 
 College. 
 
 Rev. S. W. Dias. 
 „ J. Ireland Jones. 
 „ E. W. C. Riffby. 
 
 A Meeting was then held of the above-mentioned General Com- 
 mittee, under the Presidency of the Ven. the Aechdeacon. 
 
 The Eev. F. H. De "Winton, Bishop's Chaplain, was elected 
 Secretary. 
 
 It was resolved — 
 
 (1.) That seven form a quorum. 
 
 (2.) That Sub-Committees be appointed to deal with the several 
 subjects. 
 
 (3.) That the minimum number of members of such Committees 
 be five. 
 
 The following sub-Committees and Secretaries were then no- 
 minated : — 
 
 (1.) Letters Commendatory. 
 
 The Ven. the Archdeacon. 
 Rev. A. R. Cavalier. 
 ,, S, Coles. 
 
 Rev. W. E. Rowlands. 
 „ A. Vethecan. 
 „ M. C. Odell {Secretary/). 
 
 (2.) Marriage Laws. 
 
 The Ven. the Archdeacon. Rev. W. T. Kelly. 
 
 Rev. S. Coles. „ J. S. Lyle. 
 
 „ H. C. Hancock. „ D. Wood. 
 
 „ J. Ireland Jones. 
 
 The Akchdeacon to be Secretary. 
 
 (3.) Treatment of Lapsed Persons and Discipline of Cate- 
 clmmens. 
 
 Rev. J. AUcock. 
 
 „ S. Coles. 
 „ J. S. Lyle. 
 
 Eev. J. S. Lyle to be Secretary. 
 
 (4.) 'Religious Teacliing in Schools. 
 The Veu. the Archdeacon. 
 The Rev. the Warden of St. Thomas' 
 
 College, 
 Rev. G. H. Gomes. 
 „ J. I. Jones. 
 
 Rev. W. E. Rowlands. 
 „ C. Senanayake, 
 „ A. Vethecan, 
 
 Rev. C. A. Koch. 
 „ F.W.C.Rigby. 
 „ C. Senanayake. 
 „ D. Wood. 
 
 The Eev. the Waeden op St. Thomas' College to be Secretary,
 
 Appendix H. 67 
 
 (5.) Lai/ Orders. 
 
 The Rev. the Warden of St. Thomas' 
 
 College. 
 Rev. J. AUcock. 
 „ H. C. Hancock. 
 
 Rev. J. S. Lyle. 
 „ M. C. Odell. 
 „ F. W. C.Rigby. 
 
 The Rev. H. C, Hancock to be Secretary. 
 
 It was further resolved that the name of the Eev. P. Marks 
 be added to the General Committee and to Sub - Committee 
 No. 3. 
 
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