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 No. 1749 
 
 INSTRUCTIONS FOR MOUNTING, 
 USING, AND CARING FOR 
 
 4.72-INCH GUN, ARMSTRONG 
 
 40 CALIBER 
 
 MOUNTED ON 
 
 BARBETTE CARRIAGE, ARMSTRONG 
 
 (FIVE PLATES) 
 
 OCTOBER 28, 1904 
 REVISED JANUARY 30, 1908 
 REVISED JANUARY 6, 1911 
 
 WASHINGTON 
 
 GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 
 1917 
 
 
 
 ,, ® 
 
 

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 ill:! ip 
 
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 No. 1749 
 
 INSTRUCTIONS FOR MOUNTING, 
 USING, AND CARING FOR 
 
 4.72-INCH GUN, ARMSTRONG 
 
 40 CALIBER 
 
 MOUNTED ON 
 
 BARBETTE CARRIAGE, ARMSTRONG 
 
 {FIVE PLATES) 
 
 OCTOBER 28, 1904 
 REVISED JANUARY 30, 1908 
 REVISED JANUARY 6, 1911 
 
 WASHINGTON 
 
 GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 
 1917 
 
1 Wv-> \<\ 17 
 
 » 
 
 
 \Kn\ ^ 
 
 <x 
 
 
 ♦ 
 
 War Department, 
 
 Office of the Chief of Ordnance, 
 
 Washington, June 13, 1912. 
 
 This Manual is published for the information and government of the Regular 
 Army and Organized Militia of the United States. 
 
 By order of the Secretary of War: 
 
 William Crozier, 
 
 Brigadier General, Chief of Ordnance. 
 
 6 
 
 i 
 
 
. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INSTRUCTIONS 
 
 FOR 
 
 1.72-INCH GUN, ARMSTRONG, 
 
 MOUNTED ON 
 
 BARBETTE CARRIAGE, ARMSTRONG. 
 
 \ * 
 
 (Five Plates.) 
 
 (The points in italics are of importance, or concern the safety of the gun or 
 
 carriage, and should be specially noted.) 
 
 DESCRIPTION OF GUN. 
 
 (Plate I.) 
 
 Caliber 
 
 inches_ 4. 724 
 
 W eight, normal___pounds_ 
 
 Length: Ft. 
 
 Before (40 calibers)_15 
 
 Hiding_14 
 
 Chamber_:_ 1 
 
 Total_ 16 
 
 Over all__■___16 
 
 Rifling, spiral, increasing from 1 turn in 100 calibers at breech to 1 turn 
 in 34.352 calibers at 6.65 inches from the muzzle; the re¬ 
 mainder 1 turn in 34.352 calibers, right-hand twist. 
 
 Number of grooves_ 
 
 4, 648 
 Ins. 
 9.0 
 3.,0 
 3. 5 
 2.1 
 6.1 
 
 99 
 
 The gun is constructed entirely of steel, and is designed for obtain¬ 
 ing great rapidity of fire. For this purpose it is mounted in a special 
 mounting and is not provided with trunnions, but is carried by a 
 cradle, which encircles the gun, and in which it slides when recoiling. 
 This cradle is provided with trunnions, on which the gun and cradle 
 are balanced. The breech of the gun is surrounded by a breech ring, 
 which has a projecting arm on it for connecting the gun with the 
 recoil cylinder, which forms part of the cradle. The mechanism for 
 dosing the breech is on the interrupted screw system, so arranged 
 that it can be quickly opened or closed by a single movement. The 
 gun is provided with electrical firing gear, connected with an elec¬ 
 trical pistol fixed to the mounting in a convenient place, so that the 
 man laying the gun can fire while looking over the sights. It is also 
 
 (5) 
 
6 
 
 provided with a percussion arrangement, for mechanical firing in 
 case of failure of the electrical gear. The gun sights are fixed to 
 the gun cradle, and do not therefore recoil with the gun. The powder 
 is contained in a metallic cartridge case, the base of the projectile 
 resting against the front end of this case. 
 
 BREECH MECHANISM. 
 
 (Plate I.) 
 
 The breech of the gun is closed by a breechblock formed in two 
 steps, the front step being tapered and of less dameter than the 
 rear; both steps have three portions of their thread removed, each 
 one-sixth of a turn; the threads on one step standing opposite to 
 the blank spaces on the other; this arrangement distributes the 
 strain all round the circumference of the breechblock. The interior 
 of the gun at the breech is prepared in a similar manner, and admits 
 of the breechblock being swung into place and locked by a simple 
 mechanism to be described. 
 
 The breechblock is supported by a block carrier, P, on which it is 
 free to revolve through an angle of 60 degrees; the carrier is hinged 
 to the right side of the breech ring, so that the block can swing clear 
 of the breech opening for loading. The block is secured on the 
 carrier by means of the stop bolt D. The breechblock is unscrewed 
 and withdrawn from the gun by a single horizontal movement of the 
 operating lever P, which is pivoted on the right side. A projecting 
 pin, P 1 , is screwed into the rear face of the breechblock and enters 
 a traversing bushing, P 2 in the sliding block N. This block slides in 
 a seat in the carrier, and is connected to the operating lever L by the 
 link A 1 . When the breech is open, the block is prevented from 
 turning on the carrier by a spring catch, d/, on the carrier, which 
 engages a notch, dP, in the block, as it is withdrawn from the gun; 
 when closing the breech, the catch comes in contact with the face of 
 the gun, thus releasing the block and leaving it free to be screwed 
 home. 
 
 It is impossible to fire the gun until the breech is completely 
 locked; this is insured by means of a safety gear, consisting of a 
 safety lever, P, pivoted to the block carrier P. The safety lever 
 engages a lug, P, on the rear end of the firing pin, and is actuated 
 by a plunger, S. The safety lever prevents the firing pin from 
 touching the primer while the operating lever L is in the unlocked 
 position. 
 
 The firing pin is secured in the carrier by the retaining nut A, and 
 can be readily removed by slightly withdrawing it and turning the 
 nut a quarter of a turn. 
 
 To assemble the firing pin it is pushed into its place and the 
 retaining nut turned to the right or left. 
 
7 
 
 The upper end of the spindle F 2 is held in place by a screw counter¬ 
 sunk in a housing, II. The spindle with its torsional spring and 
 spline key locks the operating handle when closed, and should the 
 spline key be broken it will interfere only with this function but in 
 no way affect the safety features of the mechanism.* 
 
 The safety lever F which engages behind the retracting toe /?, 
 mounted on the rear end of the firing pin, is fulcrumed at its outer 
 end to the block carrier P at a point, F 1 . The safety lever controls 
 the motion of the firing pin during the opening and closing of the 
 block, and is operated by the intermediate safety-lever plunger A, 
 which passes through a hole in the block carrier and rests against the 
 rear face of the breechblock. In opening the block the safety plunger 
 is forced outward and to the rear bv the screw motion of the block; 
 it slowly forces out the safety lever, at the same time retracting the 
 firing pin. The safety-lever plunger is made adjustable in length 
 to provide for wear and control of the movement of the firing pin. 
 
 This adjustment is to be so made and maintained that in closing 
 the block the -firing pin will begin to protrude from the face of the 
 block when the operating lever is closed to a position about 1 to S 
 inches short of that where the toe of the spindle F 3 enters its groove 
 in the operating lever. 
 
 The words “ electric ” and “ percussion,” with indicative arrows, 
 are stamped on the rear face of the carrier to show the positions to 
 which the retaining nut K is to be turned for firing. 
 
 For percussion firing the retaining nut K is revolved so that the 
 firing trigger is in a horizontal position on the right. The loop of 
 the trigger engages 'upon a knob of the lanyard connecting rod -7 1 , 
 which has at its outer end a loop in which the lanyard is to be habit¬ 
 ually hooked. The object of this arrangement is to prevent the 
 trigger from being used on the left side for percussion firing where 
 no safety notch is provided. The right-hand position for percussion 
 firing was selected in preference to the left-hand position, it being 
 deemed most convenient for the service of the piece to pull the lan¬ 
 yard from the right. 
 
 A half-cock notch has been made in the right side of the firing-pin 
 sleeve. In opening the block the firing pin is retracted by the safety 
 lever to such an extent that the half-cock notch is held out a little 
 beyond the trigger J. On closing the block, the firing pin is caught 
 in the half-cock notch by the trigger and prevented from coming in 
 contact with the primer. To fire the piece the pin will be drawn 
 to a full cock by hand. This safety notch forms in itself a full safe¬ 
 guard against premature discharge for percussion firing. 
 
 *As originally constructed the spindle F 2 with its levers was the safety loch 
 for the firing pin as well as the lock for holding the operating lever closed. 
 
8 
 
 For electric firing the retaining nut K is revolved so that the firing 
 trigger is in a horizontal position on the left. The firing-cable at¬ 
 tachment is on the right. A full-cock notch is made on this side of 
 the firing-pin sleeve, although not needed for electric firing. No 
 half-cock notch is made, as it would interfere with electric firing, 
 necessitating the release of the firing trigger and freeing the firing 
 pin after closing the block for every discharge. The full-cock notch 
 is made on both sides of the firing-pin sleeve to avoid a possible 
 accident, namely, the slipping of the firing pin from the hand if one 
 attempted to cock it in the absence of any sear notch. By leaving the 
 full-cock notch on this side it will also be possible to fire the piece 
 by percussion with the firing trigger on the left. This is not in¬ 
 tended and should be avoided unless the space in the emplacement is 
 such as to necessitate pulling the lanyard from the left side. In such 
 cases the safety feature for half cock is lost and reliance must be 
 placed upon the safety lever. In closing the breech with the firing 
 trigger to the left (where there is no half cock) the safety lever 
 continues to restrain the firing pin, with slow motion, until the oper¬ 
 ating-lever handle has reached the nearly closed position, Avhen the 
 protruding firing pin comes in contact with the primer, after which 
 the completion of the closure can cause no blow upon the primer. 
 
 The adjustment of the firing pin for point of first protrusion will 
 be made with the firing trigger on the left and as follows: 
 
 The firing-pin sleeve nut must be screwed fully home in order to 
 bring the opening in the sleeve opposite the firing-cable point which 
 is screwed upon the retracting toe piece, and thus insure contact be¬ 
 tween the cable and the stem of the insulated firing pin. It is not 
 permissible to adjust the protrusion of the firing pin by changing the 
 position of the sleeve nut (brass), as this would destroy the cable 
 contact. Next, keeping the breech open, revolve the block by the 
 operating handle, at the same time placing a finger at the front of 
 the firing pin. If the pin does not begin to protrude so that it would 
 press upon the primer, if in place when the operating handle has 
 reached the position already indicated, then adjust the length of the 
 safety-lever plunger to regulate the protrusion of the firing pin as 
 required. The safety-lever plunger is made in two parts, with a 
 screw shank and locking nut for adjustment of length. The arm of 
 the firing-pin sleeve cap can be used for turning the screw, while the 
 safety lever itself, placed in the end slot of the pin, serves as a holder. 
 
 ELECTRICAL FIRING GEAR. 
 
 / » 
 
 The electrical firing gear consists of the firing pistol, the battery 
 box, cables, etc. (Plate V), a contact-pin plug bracketed to the gun, 
 a contact-surface block bracketed to the cradle, and an insulated 
 firing-pin which is part of the gun. 
 
9 
 
 The electrical power for firing is obtained from a battery of six 
 O. K. dry cells, No. 4, contained in the battery box in a bracket at 
 the left side of the carriage. One terminal of the battery is attached 
 by a short cable to the pivot yoke as an earth connection. The other 
 terminal of the battery is connected by means of a cable 24 inches 
 long to the firing pistol, which is fastened to the maneuvering 
 bracket. From the pistol the circuit is continued by means of a 
 cable to a contact-surface block. This is bracketed to the cradle in 
 such a position that when the piece is “ in battery ” the contact pin, 
 pressed out by a spring in the contact-pin plug attached to and mov¬ 
 ing with the gun, presses upon the contact surface of the plug be¬ 
 fore mentioned, thus making a connection for the next shot. From 
 the contact-pin plug the firing-pin cable extends through a locking- 
 pin hinge of the breech mechanism to the firing pin. The circuit 
 is then completed through the firing pin. primer, and gun to the 
 
 battery. 
 
 «/ 
 
 The firing pistol contains a buzzer, which indicates by its sound 
 when the circuit is closed. This is effected by the current running 
 through the coils of an electro-magnet, the resistance of which is so 
 great as to reduce the current below that necessary to fire the primer. 
 By pulling the trigger this resistance is cut out, and the current is 
 then great enough to fire the primer. 
 
 i An alternative electrical firing attachment is also provided. It 
 
 consists of a battery of six O. K. No. 4 dry cells carried in a bracket 
 on the right side of the carriage. One terminal of the battery is 
 * grounded on the carriage, the other terminal is directly connected 
 with the firing pin through the alternative firing key and cables. 
 
 The alternative key consists of a tube into one end of which a 
 cable end is coupled fast. The cable entering the other end is se¬ 
 cured to a plunger, which is held out by a coiled spring. When 
 grasped in the hand with the thumb on the plunger end the cable 
 ends may be pushed together, completing the circuit. To guard 
 against premature.discharge of the piece, a split key is wired to 
 this firing key to prevent forward movement of the plunger, and 
 should be kept pushed across the plunger head until the piece is about 
 to be fired. 
 
 Before connecting the alternative cable to the battery and firing 
 pin the other cables which may be connected to the firing pin should 
 be removed. 
 
 PERCUSSION FIRING GEAR. 
 
 (Plate I.) 
 
 The percussion firing gear is fitted to the retaining nut /i, and 
 consists of a spring trigger /, with a loop to receive the knob on the 
 ' lanyard connecting rod J x . 
 
 9991—17-2 
 
10 
 
 To fire by percussion the firing pin or needle K is pulled by hand 
 to the rear until it is caught by the trigger, which retains it until the 
 latter is displaced by a pull on the lanyard attached to the loop on 
 the end of the lanyard connecting rod. This leaves the firing needle 
 free to travel forward and strike the primer. 
 
 CARTRIDGE EXTRACTOR. 
 
 (Plate I.) 
 
 The cartridge is started by an extractor which has only sufficient 
 motion to insure its being free for the remainder of the extraction, 
 the conical shape of the cartridge case and chamber rendering a 
 small motion sufficient for this purpose. The cartridge is then com¬ 
 pletely withdrawn by means of a hand extractor which readily fits 
 over the flange of the cartridge case. 
 
 The mechanical extractor is worked by the carrier in opening the 
 breech screw. It consists of a rod passing through one side of the 
 gun and fitting into the groove for the rim of the cartridge case in 
 such a manner that when it is turned about its own axis the fitted 
 part acts as a lever and presses the cartridges to the rear. 
 
 The extractor is brought back into its place as the breech is closed 
 by means of a strong helical spring outside the gun. This spring 
 also serves as a buffer to prevent the breech screw and carrier being 
 swung too violently around. The extractor is fitted on the right side, 
 so that it is out of the way of loading or damage from a projectile 
 when the latter is being entered into the gun. 
 
 CARTRIDGE CASE. 
 
 (Plate III.) 
 
 The cartridge case is made of brass, to the form shown on draw¬ 
 ing. It is screw-threaded at the base for the reception of the primer 
 adapter (the cartridge cases of Frankford Arsenal manufacture are 
 not provided with an adapter), and its mouth is closed with a lid, 
 which is secured by three projections formed round the mouth, being 
 turned over three corresponding notches cut round the flange of the 
 lid. The joint around the lid is sealed by cement, to render the case 
 perfectly air-tight. 
 
 The primers used in these cases are of Frankford Arsenal design 
 and manufacture, and are known as the 110-grain electric and 110- 
 grain percussion primers. 
 
 A saluting case is also provided for this gun, containing a charge 
 of 5 pounds of black powder. A percussion primer only is used in 
 the salutirg cases. It is of Frankford Arsenal design and manufac¬ 
 ture, and known as “ saluting primer, percussion.” A full descrip- 
 
11 
 
 tion and drawings of the primers used in both the saluting and 
 service cases will be found in pamphlet numbered 1881, published by 
 the Ordnance Department. 
 
 PROJECTILES. 
 
 SHELL. 
 
 Common cast iron_Sand filled for target practice. 
 
 Common steel_Prepared to receive high explosive charge and 
 
 medium caliber base detonating fuze. 
 Strong-headed steel.-Prepared to receive high explosive charge and 
 
 medium caliber base detonating fuze. 
 
 None of these projectiles are provided with caps. 
 
 SHRAPNEL FUZED. 
 
 2-INCH GUN, 4 0 
 
 CALS.-INSTRUCTIONS FOR FILLING AND MAKING UP 
 
 CARTRIDGES. 
 
 After inserting the primer in the head of the case, weigh out the 
 igniting charge, 11 ounces of black powder, fill the bag, choke it, 
 and stitch it into the inside of the bottom of the cartridge bag, so 
 that the shalloon end of the bag is next to the primer, and thus cover 
 the space occupied by the netting. 
 
 Weigh out the propelling charge, 7 pounds 8 ounces of nitrocellu¬ 
 lose powder, and put it into the cartridge bag. Choke the bag and tie 
 up the braids, so as to make a firm cartridge. 
 
 All cartridges should be carefully examined and gauged as to 
 length and diameter. 
 
 The bag is inserted into the mouth of the case and gently dropped 
 down against the primer, the end with igniting charge downward. 
 
 INSTRUCTIONS FOR PREPARING AND FIXING FUZES. 
 
 COMBINED TIME AND PERCUSSION. 
 
 (Plate III.) 
 
 Intended for use with shrapnel. 
 
 The exterior of the cylindrical part of the fuze body is marked in 
 inches and tenths of an inch. 
 
 To set the fuze: Free the nut C by hand or by the key, turn the 
 cover I) till the mark on it is opposite the point on the scale required, 
 then tighten down the nut C very -firmly. Should any alteration be 
 required after the fuze is set, it is easily made bv freeing the nut, 
 turning the cover to the point desired and tightening the nut firmly 
 
12 
 
 down again; care must be taken that the setting of the fuze is not 
 altered in the operation. 
 
 The shrapnel is then brought up to the gun, and when it is on the 
 point of being loaded, the safety pin must be withdrawn. 
 
 Note. —If it be desired that the percussion arrangement alone should act, the 
 arrow on the collar must be set directly opposite the arrow on the fuze body. 
 
 BASE CONCUSSION. 
 
 (Plate III.) 
 
 For use with common shell, intended to burst on impact or light 
 graze. 
 
 This fuze is simply screwed firmly into the fuze hole by means of 
 the key, and the lead cap pressed into the recess around the fuze head. 
 
 GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR GUNS. 
 
 The bores of guns from which practice is carried on should be 
 kept slightly oiled to prevent rusting. At the close of each day’s 
 practice they should accordingly be washed and slightly depressed, 
 and, when dry, oiled with a sponge, the muzzles being then closed 
 with tompions. 
 
 N. B.—When guns are not likely to be used for some length of 
 time, the whole of the sights and striker should be removed and kept 
 in store, the holes in the guns being filled with plugs of greased tow 
 to keep out water and dirt. These plugs can be readily removed 
 when it is required to fit the sights, etc., to the guns and mountings, 
 and particular attention should be paid to the prevention of rust or 
 grit accumulating in the sight recesses, etc. 
 
 The sights and other fittings should be kept clean, free from dirt, 
 and oiled. The sliding leaf and elevating nut of the tangent scales, 
 as at ell as the collar of the fore sight, should have free play. 
 
 The exposed portions of the sights are bronzed if made of gun 
 metal, and blued if of steel. This is done to preserve them from 
 corrosion, and on no account are these parts to be burnished or 
 cleaned in such a manner as to remove the bronzing or bluing. 
 
 The bore and all working parts must at all times be kept slightly 
 oiled and perfectly free from rust. 
 
 During firing the male and female screws of the breech must be 
 kept perfectly clean, free from dirt, and well oiled. 
 
 The officer in charge of the gun must always see that all gear is in 
 good working order and that the breech is property closed and the 
 locking lever is in its locked position before firing. 
 
4.72-INCH GUN, 4 0 CALS 
 
 Charge (nitrocellulose)_ 
 
 Projectile_ 
 
 Muzzle velocity_ 
 
 Total energy___ 
 
 Penetration at muzzle_ 
 
 RANGE TABLE. 
 
 _pounds_ 7. 5 
 
 _do_ 45 
 
 _feet per second_2,150 
 
 _foot-tons_1, 442 
 
 -inches_10.1 
 
 Range. 
 
 Eleva¬ 
 
 tion. 
 
 Time of 
 flight. 
 
 Length of fuze. 
 
 Medium. 
 
 Small. 1 
 
 Meters. 
 
 Yards. 
 
 o 
 
 t 
 
 Secs. 
 
 Inches. 
 
 Inches. 
 
 100.... 
 
 109 
 
 0 
 
 8 
 
 . 16 
 
 
 
 200.... 
 
 219 
 
 0 
 
 12 
 
 .32 
 
 
 
 300.... 
 
 328 
 
 0 
 
 16 
 
 .48 
 
 
 
 400.... 
 
 437 
 
 o 
 
 20 
 
 . 64 
 
 
 
 500.... 
 
 547 
 
 0 
 
 25 
 
 .80 
 
 
 .37 
 
 600.... 
 
 656 
 
 0 
 
 30 
 
 .97 
 
 
 .47 
 
 700.... 
 
 766 
 
 0 
 
 35 
 
 1.15 
 
 
 .58 
 
 800.... 
 
 875 
 
 0 
 
 40 
 
 1.33 
 
 
 .69 
 
 900.... 
 
 984 
 
 0 
 
 45 
 
 1.51 
 
 
 .81 
 
 1,000.... 
 
 1,094 
 
 0 
 
 50 
 
 1.70 
 
 
 .93 
 
 1,100.... 
 
 1,203 
 
 0 
 
 56 
 
 1.90 
 
 
 1.05 
 
 1,200.... 
 
 1,312 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 2. 10 
 
 
 1.17 
 
 1,300.... 
 
 1,422 
 
 1 
 
 8 
 
 2.31 
 
 .40 
 
 1.29 
 
 1,400.... 
 
 1,531 
 
 1 
 
 14 
 
 2. 52 
 
 . 47 
 
 1.41 
 
 1,500.... 
 
 1,640 
 
 1 
 
 20 
 
 2. 73 
 
 .55 
 
 1.53 
 
 1,600.... 
 
 1, 750 
 
 1 
 
 26 
 
 2. 95 
 
 .64 
 
 1. 65 
 
 1,700.... 
 
 1,859 
 
 1 
 
 32 
 
 3.17 
 
 .75 
 
 1. 77 
 
 1,800.... 
 
 1,969 
 
 1 
 
 38 
 
 3. 39 
 
 .86 
 
 1.89 
 
 1,900.... 
 
 2,078 
 
 1 
 
 44 
 
 3. 61 
 
 .98 
 
 2. 02 
 
 2,000.... 
 
 2,187 
 
 1 
 
 50 
 
 3. 84 
 
 1.11 
 
 2,15 
 
 2,100.... 
 
 2,297 
 
 1 
 
 57 
 
 4. 08 
 
 1.25 
 
 2. 28 
 
 2,200.... 
 
 2,406 
 
 2 
 
 4 
 
 4. 33 
 
 1.40 
 
 2.41 
 
 2,300.... 
 
 2,515 
 
 2 
 
 12 
 
 4. 58 
 
 1.56 
 
 2. 54 
 
 2,400.... 
 
 2, 625 
 
 2 
 
 20 
 
 4. 84 
 
 1. 72 
 
 2. 67 
 
 2,500.... 
 
 2, 734 
 
 2 
 
 28 
 
 5. 11 
 
 1.88 
 
 2. 80 
 
 2,600.... 
 
 2, 843 
 
 2 
 
 36 
 
 5. 38 
 
 2. 04 
 
 2.93 
 
 2,700.... 
 
 2,953 
 
 2 
 
 44 
 
 5. 65 
 
 2. 29 
 
 3. 06 
 
 2,800.... 
 
 3, 062 
 
 2 
 
 52 
 
 5. 92 
 
 2. 34 
 
 3.19 
 
 2,900.... 
 
 3,172 
 
 3 
 
 0 
 
 6.19 
 
 2. 49 
 
 3. 32 
 
 3,000.... 
 
 3,281 
 
 3 
 
 9 
 
 6. 47 
 
 2. 64 
 
 3. 45 
 
 3,100.... 
 
 3,390 
 
 3 
 
 18 
 
 6. 75 
 
 2. 79 
 
 3.58 
 
 3,200.... 
 
 3,499 
 
 3 
 
 28 
 
 7. 03 
 
 2. 92 
 
 3.71 
 
 3,300.... 
 
 3, 609 
 
 3 
 
 38 
 
 7. 32 
 
 3.06 
 
 3. 85 
 
 3,400.... 
 
 3,718 
 
 3 
 
 48 
 
 7.61 
 
 3. 20 
 
 3. 99 
 
 3,500.... 
 
 3,828 
 
 3 
 
 58 
 
 7. 90 
 
 3. 34 
 
 4.13 
 
 3,600.... 
 
 3,937 
 
 4 
 
 9 
 
 8. 20 
 
 3. 48 
 
 
 3,700.... 
 
 4,046 
 
 4 
 
 20 
 
 8. 50 
 
 3. 62 
 
 
 3,800.... 
 
 4,156 
 
 4 
 
 31 
 
 8. 81 
 
 3. 77 
 
 
 
 
 Eleva- 
 
 Time of 
 
 Length of fuze. 
 
 -LtcXIlgU. 
 
 tion. 
 
 flight. 
 
 Medium. 
 
 Small. 
 
 Meters. 
 
 3.900.. . 
 4,000... 
 
 4.100.. . 
 
 Yards. 
 4,265 
 
 O 
 
 4 
 
 f 
 
 42 
 
 Secs. 
 
 9.12 
 
 Inches. 
 
 3.91 
 
 Inches. 
 
 4,375 
 
 4 
 
 54 
 
 9.44 
 
 4.05 
 
 
 4 ,484 
 4,593 
 4,703 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 9. 77 
 
 4. 21 
 
 
 4'200... 
 
 5 
 
 18 
 
 10.10 
 
 4. 37 
 
 
 4. 300.. . 
 
 4.400.. . 
 
 5 
 
 31 
 
 10.44 
 
 4. 53 
 
 
 4'812 
 
 5 
 
 44 
 
 10. 78 
 
 4.69 
 
 
 4, 500... 
 
 4,921 
 
 5 
 
 57 
 
 11.13 
 
 4. 86 
 
 
 4'600... 
 
 Si 031 
 5,140 
 
 6 
 
 10 
 
 11. 48 
 
 
 4,700... 
 
 6 
 
 24 
 
 11.83 
 
 
 
 4.800.. . 
 
 4.900.. . 
 5,000... 
 
 5,249 
 
 6 
 
 38 
 
 12.18 
 
 
 
 5,359 
 
 6 
 
 53 
 
 12. 53 
 
 
 
 5,468 
 5,578 
 5,687 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 12. 88 
 
 
 
 5,100... 
 
 7 
 
 23 
 
 13. 24 
 
 
 
 5, 200... 
 
 7 
 
 38 
 
 13. 60 
 
 
 
 5.300.. . 
 
 5.400.. . 
 
 5' 796 
 
 7 
 
 54 
 
 13.97 
 
 
 
 5,906 
 6,015 
 6,124 
 
 8 
 
 10 
 
 14. 34 
 
 
 
 5.500.. . 
 
 5.600.. . 
 
 8 
 
 26 
 
 14. 71 
 
 
 
 8 
 
 42 
 
 15. 08 
 
 
 
 5, 700... 
 
 6, 234 
 
 8 
 
 58 
 
 15. 46 
 
 
 
 5,800... 
 
 6' 343 
 
 9 
 
 15 
 
 15. 84 
 
 
 
 5,900... 
 
 6,452 
 6,562 
 6, 671 
 
 9 
 
 32 
 
 16. 23 
 
 
 
 6,000 . 
 
 9 
 
 49 
 
 16. 62 
 
 
 
 6,100... 
 
 10 
 
 7 
 
 17.01 
 
 . 
 
 
 6, 200... 
 
 6.300.. . 
 
 6.400.. . 
 
 6.500.. . 
 6, 600... 
 
 6, 700... 
 
 6.800.. . 
 6,900... 
 
 7, 000... 
 7,100 .. 
 
 6, 780 
 6,890 
 6,999 
 
 10 
 
 25 
 
 17. 40 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 43 
 
 17. 80 
 
 
 
 11 
 
 1 
 
 18. 20 
 
 
 
 7,109 
 
 11 
 
 19 
 
 IS. 60 
 
 
 
 7'218 
 
 11 
 
 38 
 
 19.01 
 
 
 
 7, 327 
 
 11 
 
 57 
 
 '19. 42 
 
 
 • 
 
 7; 437 
 7,546 
 
 12 
 
 16 
 
 19. 83 
 
 
 
 12 
 
 36 
 
 20. 25 
 
 
 
 7, 655 
 
 12 
 
 56 
 
 20. 67 
 
 
 
 7, 765 
 
 13 
 
 16 
 
 21.10 
 
 
 
 7,200... 
 7,300 . 
 
 7,874 
 
 13 
 
 36 
 
 21.53 
 
 
 
 7,983 
 
 13 
 
 57 
 
 21. 96 
 
 
 
 7,400 
 
 8,093 
 8, 202 
 
 14 
 
 18 
 
 22. 39 
 
 
 
 7.500.. . 
 
 7.600.. . 
 
 14 
 
 39 
 
 22. 83 
 
 
 
 8,312 
 
 15 
 
 0 
 
 23. 27 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 i Small fuze used up to 3,500 meters. 
 
APPENDIX A. 
 
 INSTRUCTIONS FOR MOUNTING, USING, AND CARING FOR 4.7 2-INCH BAR¬ 
 BETTE CARRIAGES, ARMSTRONG. 
 
 (Plate II.) 
 
 WEIGHTS. 
 
 Yoke_ 
 
 Cradle__ 
 
 Outer shield with stays 
 Inner shield cith stays 
 Pedestal_ 
 
 Pounds. 
 1. 792 
 1, 684 
 9, 056 
 320 
 1, 624 
 
 Total 
 
 14, 476 
 
 This carriage is of the center-pivot barbette type. The principal 
 parts are the pedestal, pivot yoke, cradle, elevating and traversing 
 gearing, shields, sights, and the electrical attachments. 
 
 PEDESTAL. 
 
 The pedestal forms vertical and step bearings in which the pivot 
 yoke rotates. The yoke rests upon a ball thrust bearing in the step. 
 The upper portion of the pedestal is finished to form a bearing for 
 the worm wheel of the traversing gear. The interior of the worm 
 wheel and a bushing in the step form the vertical bearings for the 
 pivot yoke. 
 
 The pedestal is secured to the foundation by eighteen If-inch bolts. 
 Two handholes on the side of the pedestal give means for cleaning, 
 oiling, etc.; they are provided with covers. 
 
 A friction clamp is fitted on the rear side of the pedestal which 
 when loosened permits rapid rotation. It consists of a clamp screw 
 with handle, a pair of Belleville spring washers, and a gun-metal 
 friction block. On tightening the clamp the friction block is pressed 
 against the worm wheel of the training gear by the spring washers 
 so that it is held frictionally in the pedestal, permitting 'rotation by 
 the worm and handwheel. 
 
 (14) 
 
PIVOT YOKE. 
 
 The pivot yoke is a Y-shaped piece of forged steel. Its lower end 
 rests on the balls of the thrust bearing and the lower end of the 
 stem is machined to form a bearing in the step. The upper part of 
 the stem is turned to form a bearing inside the traversing worm 
 wheel. Trunnion bearings for the cradle are formed at the upper 
 ends of the pivot yoke. They are provided with cap squares which 
 slip into under-cut grooves from the outside. 
 
 T]he cap squares are held in place by pins inserted from the top. 
 
 A small inner shield is bolted to the front of the pivot yoke under 
 the gun; it serves to protect the working parts from such projectiles 
 as might pass through the port of the curved shield. 
 
 A bronze bracket is bolted to the left side of the yoke to support 
 and provide a bearing for the lower end of the traversing shaft and 
 its worm. A heavy steel maneuvering arm is bolted to the left side 
 of the pivot yoke; it forms a support for the elevating and traversing 
 gearing, including the shoulder rest and the firing pistol. A light 
 steel bracket is attached below, near the end of this arm, and carries 
 the battery boxes of the electric firing attachment. A light steel 
 arm is also bolted to the right side of the pivot yoke and forms a 
 support for the battery boxes for the night sights and the alternative 
 firing gear. 
 
 CRADLE. 
 
 The cradle A is of bronze and includes the large cylinder through 
 which the gun recoils, the hydraulic cylinder, the spring box, the 
 trunnions, and the reserve oil tank. 
 
 The large cylinder is slotted along its upper and lower elements 
 for keys, which are machined on the gun. These serve to guide the 
 gun during recoil. 
 
 The hydraulic cylinder is directly under the gun. It is provided 
 with a forged-steel liner and head in oneqfiece. This liner is inserted 
 in the cylinder of the cradle from the rear and secured thereto by 
 threads cut on its front end. The steel liner is finished flush with 
 the rear face of the cylinder and is threaded to take the rear cylinder 
 head. 
 
 The recoil cylinder is provided with a piston rod and piston of 
 steel, forged in one piece. The piston rod passes through the rear 
 cylinder head and through a lug on the gun, where it is secured by a 
 nut and pin. A check nut is screwed on the rod in front of the recoil 
 lug. It is provided with a set screw to lock it in place. The seat for 
 this nut is countersunk in the front face of the recoil lug. The 
 piston head is slotted for one throttling bar, which is secured to the 
 bottom of the liner by a bolt through the bottom of the cylinder. 
 The piston head and rod are bored to form the female portion of 
 
16 
 
 the counter-recoil buffer. The piston head has a small band of 
 bronze dovetailed into its circumference to provide a suitable bear¬ 
 ing against the steel liner. The cylinder permits a movement of 
 the piston of 9 inches. The rear cylinder head is made of forged 
 steel. A leather washer on its front face prevents leakage by its 
 threads. An intermediate stuffing-box bushing forced in place forms 
 a seat for a cup leather packing about the piston rod. It is secured 
 in place by a bronze bushing screwed into the front end of the 
 cylinder head. The rear face of the stuffing-box bushing forms a 
 seat for the Garlock packing, which is secured in place by the gland 
 in rear. The recoil cylinder is provided with a drain hole at the 
 bottom and an air hole at the right rear on top. 
 
 The reserve oil tank is a cavity or receptacle cast on the right-hand 
 side of the cradle just above and to the right of the recoil cylinder. 
 It is connected to the cylinder by a f-inch hole, which enters the 
 recoil cylinder 1A inches from its front end. Its function is to insure 
 that the recoil cylinder is always full of oil. 
 
 The reserve oil tank has a handhole on the side, closed by a screw 
 plug, which may be removed for cleaning purposes, and a filling 
 hole is provided on top. 
 
 INSTRUCTIONS FOR FILLING THE RECOIL CYLINDER. 
 
 Depress the gun and take out the filing and air plug on the right 
 side of the carnage. Fill through the filing hole in the reserve 
 tank until the oil overflows through the air hole • replace the air 
 plug and fll in until the oil overflows at the filling hole , then replace 
 the filing plug. 
 
 About 11 pints of hydroline oil , specific gravity 0.85 , are required 
 to fill the cylinder and reserve oil tank. 
 
 The spring box is under the front part of the cradle. It contains 
 a column of two spiral springs assembled end to end and bolted 
 together under an initial compression such that the assembled length 
 is 29J inches. Two spring supports bolted across the bottom of the 
 spring box hold the column in position. 
 
 A spring yoke bears across the front end of the spring column and 
 is secured to the recoil lug on the gun bv two spring rods. These 
 rods give the proper compression on the springs when they are 
 screwed into the spring yoke as far as they will go. 
 
 The cradle is provided with trunnions so placed as to be at the 
 center of gravity of the system when the gun with projectile in place 
 is in the firing position. These trunnions rest in their beds in the 
 pivot yoke and are secured in place by cap squares. An elevating 
 rack is bolted to the left side of the cradle, and an extension in rear 
 forms a place of attachment for the shoulder guard. There is also 
 an arm bolted to the left side of the cradle to carry the sight bar. 
 
17 
 
 ACTION OF THE SYSTEM. 
 
 Upon firing, the gun moves about 9 inches to the rear, carrying 
 with it the piston and spring rods and compressing the recoil springs. 
 The energy of recoil is in a measure taken up in compressing the 
 counter-recoil springs, but by far the greater portion is taken up by 
 the resistance the oil offers when it is forced through the slot in the 
 piston head, and also the small clearance around the piston head as 
 the latter moves to the rear. In any hydraulic brake the resistance 
 is greater as the velocity of the piston in the cylinder is greater and 
 as the openings for the passage of the liquid are less. The velocity 
 of retarded recoil of the gun and the piston being variable and a 
 constant resistance being desired, the orifices are varied in such man¬ 
 ner that the relation between the velocity and the area of the orifices 
 is at all times such as to give a nearlv constant resistance. In this 
 case the throttling bar is of constant width, with only sufficient lateral 
 clearance in the slot of the piston for working movement, and is of 
 varying depth, the profile being so designed that the area of the 
 orifice (the portion of the slot not filled by the bar) for the escape 
 of the oil past the piston increases from the beginning of the motion 
 up to the point where the velocity of retarded recoil of the gun is 
 greatest. Beyond this point the velocity of retarded recoil of the gun 
 is continually decreasing and the area of the orifice decreases con- 
 tinuallv until it becomes zero at the end of recoil. The area of the 
 orifice has at each point such a relation to the velocity of retarded 
 recoil of the gun at that point as to give nearly a constant resistance 
 to the motion of the gun. This results in a nearly constant fluid 
 pressure in the cylinder. 
 
 When the gun has been brought to rest it is carried forward to the 
 firing position by the counter-recoil springs, their pressure being 
 brought to bear on the recoil lug of the gun through the medium of 
 the spring yoke and the spring rods. 
 
 When the gun is returning to the firing position the oil caught in 
 the front end of the piston can escape only by a small and decreasing 
 clearance around the counter-recoil buffer. This serves to bring the 
 gun to rest without shock. 
 
 TRAVERSING GEAR. 
 
 The traversing gear consists of a bronze wormwlieel with a hub on 
 the underside, which fits into the pedestal and forms a bearing for 
 the pivot yoke. • A worm driven by a handwheel, A, and connecting 
 shaft gears with the wormwheel. The traversing shaft has a rear 
 bearing in a bracket bolted to the maneuvering arm, and a front 
 bearing in a bracket secured to the pivot yoke. On tightening the 
 
18 
 
 friction clamp on the pedestal the wormwheel is held stationary in 
 the pedestal so that on turning the worm the mounting revolves, the 
 pivot yoke turning in its bearing in the wormwheel. On slackening 
 the clamp, the mounting can be revolved by means of the shoulder 
 piece which is fitted to support the man laying the gun, the worm- 
 wheel going around with the mounting, turning on its bearing on the 
 pedestal. 
 
 THE ELEVATING GEAR. 
 
 The elevating gear is carried by a gun-metal bracket. R. attached 
 to the maneuvering arm of the carriage. It is actuated by a hand- 
 wheel, Z, which is placed in a convenient position to be worked by a 
 man laying the gun. The handwheel drives by means of a pair of 
 miter gears and a worm which works the wormwheel. 
 
 On the inner end of the spindle carrying this wormwheel a pinion 
 is fixed which gears with the elevating arc attached to the cradle. 
 
 The elevating gear is provided with a frictional driving arrange¬ 
 
 ment, as follows: 
 
 The boss of the wormwheel is hollow and contains a series of fric¬ 
 tion rings, part of which are of steel and are keyed to and turn with 
 the shaft; while the remaining rings are of manganese bronze, and 
 are keyed to and turn with the wormwheel. These friction rings are 
 placed alternately, and are pressed together by means of a spring- 
 steel washer and two nuts on the outer end of the shaft. By adjust¬ 
 ing these nuts, the rings are pressed together to produce the requisite 
 friction, preventing the gun running down at extreme recoil, but at 
 the same time allows the gun to move slightly when firing without 
 straining or giving motion to the whole of the gearing. This nut is 
 to be tightened if the gun runs down when fired, but not sufficiently 
 tightened to prevent any slipping whatever. 
 
 SHIELDS. 
 
 The mounting is fitted for its own protection and that of the men 
 working the gun with an outer circular shield of steel plate -II inches 
 thick,-and an inner flat vertical shield of steel 3 inches thick, both of 
 which are provided with apertures for laying the gun. The outer 
 shield is fitted with side wings of steel plate 2 inches thick and a flat 
 roof 1 inch thick. The circular shield is supported by and secured to 
 the pivot yoke by means of heavy spring fastenings bolted to it and 
 to the pivot yoke. 
 
 THE SIGHTS. 
 
 • » 
 
 The sights are of the bar and drum pattern, and consist of a carrier, 
 a sight bar with rack and front and rear sights, a wormwheel, pinion, 
 and a drum with a graduated ring attached to its circumference. 
 
 % 
 
v 19 
 
 The carrier is fixed to two bosses on the cradle bracket by means 
 of two T-headed bolts. The rear T bolt has an eccentric bearing 
 which permits an adjustment of the line of sight at zero elevation 
 to agree with the axis of the gun. A set screw is provided to main¬ 
 tain the adjustment when made. The fore sight is furnished with 
 an upright blade terminating with a spherical head. The rear sight 
 consists of an H-shaped piece secured to a sliding bar which has 
 a lateral movement of 2 degrees each side of the center. The lateral 
 motion is given by a screw which projects at each end beyond the 
 slide to receive the knurled thumb piece. The slide cover of German 
 silver is attached bv four screws to the rear face of the slide. The 
 deflection scale stamped on it is graduated to 10 minutes. The 
 sight automatically corrects approximately for normal or rotational 
 dri ft. 
 
 There are two designs of range drums in service. Both permit of 
 the adjustment of the scale to agree with the zero of the rack. In 
 the first type the scale is secured to the outside of the drum by 
 three screws. If these screws are loosened the scale can be slipped 
 around so that its zero agrees with that of the rack w T hen run down. 
 It is secured in place by tightening the screws. In the second form 
 the drum, with the scale permanently attached thereto, is held fric- 
 tionallv between two plates which turn with the shaft. By loosen- 
 ing three screws these friction plates permit the drum to be turned 
 sufficiently to effect the adjustment required. 
 
 The range scale on the drum is graduated in yards for an initial 
 velocitv of 2,150 feet a second. This is the velocitv for full charge 
 smokeless powder. Some of the range scales are also graduated for 
 an initial velocity of 1,786 feet a second, which is the velocity given 
 by the pebble powder. 
 
 The scale on the rack is graduated to 10 minutes. Both the rack 
 
 cm? 
 
 and the drum are actuated by means of a handwheel working a 
 wormwheel, shaft, and pinion. 
 
 THE NIGHT SIGHTS. 
 
 The night sights (Plate IV) consist of two small fittings readily 
 attached to the day sights. These fittings contain small electric 
 lamps. The rays from that in the front sight illuminate a small 
 glass lens which appears as a small bead of light. That in the rear 
 sight illuminates the H-shaped fitting which, with the bead of the 
 front fitting, forms the line of sight. The rear lamp can be readily 
 removed from its fitting and used for the purpose of setting the range 
 scale, etc., on the sight bars while adjusting the height of the sights. 
 
20 
 
 The electrical power for the night sights is obtained from ten 
 Xo. 4 (). K. cells carried in a battery box on the right side of the 
 carriage. Five of these cells are connected in series with each light, 
 and a rheostat is provided for each so that the intensity of each light 
 may be regulated. 
 
 It is found in practice that the smallest quantity of light compati¬ 
 ble with distinguishing the sight is best, as the eye is not dazzled 
 thereby. 
 
 On putting the lights into action, the operator should see that the 
 resistance pointers are at “ Off ” before attaching the cables and plug 
 connections from the lights to save running down the battery or burn¬ 
 ing out the lights. The pointers of the rheostats should then be 
 moved round in the direction of the arrow until the desired brilliancy 
 is attained. During any interval in firing the rheostat pointer should 
 be moved to “ Off,” and upon “ Cease firing ” the cables and plug 
 connections should be removed in order to avoid needlessly running 
 down the battery. 
 
 CARE OF THE CARRIAGE. 
 
 When using the carriage all bearing parts should be thoroughly 
 cleaned and well lubricated. It is especially required that the car¬ 
 riage , as well as the gun , he kept free from rust. If this be allowed 
 to accumulate, its removal from all bearing parts, and especially the 
 piston rod, requires care in order that the clearances may not be 
 unduly increased. The use of sandpaper in removing rust from 
 bearing surfaces is forbidden, and emery cloth Xo. 1, being coarse 
 enough for ordinary rusting, should be used, the rust being softened, 
 if necessary, by kerosene. 
 
 Oil holes are provided for all bearing parts except the bearing of 
 the pivot yoke in the pivot socket. Two handholes with cover plates 
 are provided in the pedestal to permit oiling this part. The oil holes 
 must be cleaned out frequently to keep them free from sand and grit 
 and will be habitually kept closed except when in the act of oiling. 
 Before oiling at any oil hole wipe off carefully any dirt or grit near 
 the opening that might he carried, down into the hearing hy the oil. 
 
 For further information regarding paints, oils, cleaning materials, 
 and methods of using same, see Ordnance Dept. Pamphlet Form 
 1869. Annual allowances will also be found in this pamphlet. 
 
 TO DISMOUNT AND MOUNT THE CARRIAGE. 
 
 These carriages all being mounted, the following description is 
 intended to serve as a guide in dismantling the carriage only so far 
 as is necessary to clean the otherwise inaccessible parts, i. e., the gun 
 bearing in the cradle, the cradle trunnion bearings, and the pivot- 
 yoke bearing in the pedestal. 
 
21 
 
 It will be found desirable to dismount the carriage to this degree 
 about once each year. 
 
 The operation requires the usual implements for mechanical maneu¬ 
 vers found at forts; a garrison gin or a pair of shears capable of 
 lifting 7.500 pounds will be found desirable. In handling the car¬ 
 riage no parts should be directly struck with a steel hammer or 
 sledge; soft-metal drifts or copper or lead hammers should be used. 
 Care should be exercised that edges or finished surfaces do not become 
 upset or burred. 
 
 When two bearing surfaces are brought together, it is especially 
 necessary that both parts should be absolutely clean and smooth and 
 well lubricated. 
 
 The following description gives a statement of the order in which 
 the work should be done rather than the details of the operation. 
 
 Elevate the gun about 5 degrees and remove the oil from the recoil 
 cylinder and reserve oil tank through the drain hole in the bottom of 
 the cylinder. 
 
 Place the gun at zero elevation and traverse the carriage so that the 
 gun can be run to the rear upon the parapet. Place blocking under 
 the rear end of the cradle and build a run of blocking and planking 
 from the cradle to the parapet sufficiently strong to support the gun. 
 
 Kemove the spring rods, the piston rod nut, and split pin and slide 
 the gun to the rear about 24 inches. Place a piece of 3-inch plank 
 about 24 inches long and 12 inches wide under the gun just forward 
 of the recoil lug and place rollers on the run under the plank. Shift 
 the weight of the gun from the cradle to the plank. A chock should 
 be placed on the plank on each side of the gun, to prevent rolling. 
 Build another run in front of the shield high enough so that a roller 
 placed thereon will support the muzzle of the gun. 
 
 Carry the gun to the rear by rolling it on the rolls, taking care to 
 carry it straight so that it will not strike and mar the sides of the 
 cradle. Shift the rolls when necessary and continue until the gun 
 rests on the parapet. 
 
 Remove the rear cylinder head and piston from the cylinder. 
 Place a 2-inch plank on blocking as far forward under the cradle 
 as is possible. Remove the cap squares from the trunnions and by 
 means of a wooden handspike through the port of the shield lift 
 the cradle clear of the trunnion bearings; block it in this position 
 on the plank and by means of a rope slide it on the plank to the rear 
 and out of the way. 
 
 Erect the garrison gin over the shield, and lift shield and pivot 
 yoke together clear of the pedestal and block them in this position. 
 
 Remove the traversing worm wheel from the pedestal. With a 
 f-inch bolt screwed into the center of the ball bearing, lift it from 
 its seat in the pedestal and remove the loose bronze liner. 
 
22 
 
 Clean thoroughly all parts, slushing out the recoil cylinder and 
 reserve oil tank with kerosene oil, using the hand pump furnished 
 for that purpose; wipe all parts clean with waste and lubricate well 
 with synovial oil before reassembling. 
 
 With a machinist’s level try the top of the pedestal to ascertain 
 if it is level at all points. If it is found to be out of level, slack the 
 nuts on the foundation bolts and drive in the wedges on the low 
 sides until the top shows level, then tighten down the foundation 
 bolts evenly and note if any change in level takes place; if there is, 
 the bolts should be slacked again and the wedges driven at the proper 
 points. Regrout the pedestal in this position. 
 
 Remount the parts in the reverse order and examine carefully to 
 see that all parts are properly assembled. 
 
 Fill recoil cvlinder and reserve oil tank. 
 
 The oil in the recoil cylinder and the reserve tank should be exam- 
 
 «/ 
 
 ined about once in three months and the cylinder and tank should 
 be cleaned about once in six months. 
 
 The follovnng methods should he pursued unless the carriage is to 
 he dismounted: 
 
 Elevate the gun about 5 degrees and remove the oil from the recoil 
 cylinder and reserve tank through the drain hole in the bottom of the 
 cylinder. 
 
 Place the gun at zero elevation and place blocking under the rear 
 end of the cradle. Remove the spring rods and by pressure on the 
 muzzle move the gun to the rear as far as the piston head will permit. 
 
 Open the breech and place wooden handspike in the bore of the 
 gun, make a rope fast around the projecting end of the the handspike 
 and carry it forward over the top of the gun and take a turn around 
 a handspike placed across the opening in the shield. With a spanner 
 wrench unscrew the gland and cylinder head, then slide the gun to 
 the rear until the rear side of the recoil band is about 19 inches in 
 rear of the cradle, releasing the rope little by little so as to have the 
 gun always under control. 
 
 Remove the tank cleaning-hole plug from the reserve oil tank and 
 clean the tank by flushing it with kerosene oil by means of the hand 
 pump. Clean the recoil cylinder in the same manner, wiping both 
 dry with cotton waste. Clean also the piston head, piston rod, and 
 cylinder head. 
 
 Slide the gun forward gently by pushing on the breech, care being 
 taken that the slot in the piston head is in line with the throttling 
 bar in the cylinder. When the piston rod has entered far enough, 
 screw the cylinder head home with the spanner wrench, then slide 
 the gun forward as far as possible and assemble the spring rods. 
 
 Fill reserve oil tank and cylinder. 
 
23 
 
 LIST OF ARTICLES PACKED IN THE ARMAMENT CHEST FOR 4.72-INCH GUN, ARM¬ 
 STRONG AND BARBETTE CARRIAGE, ARMSTRONG. 
 
 [Note.—A ll articles marked thus (*) are carried loose in the chest.] 
 
 For use on bruised breechblocks; no other 
 files to be used thereon. 
 
 F 
 
 1 adapter wrench. 
 
 1 wrench and screw driver for breechblock. 
 
 1 combined tit wrench and screw driver for breech cushion stops. 
 
 1 cartridge case clip. 
 
 1 quire emery cloth, No. 00. 
 
 1 drift, 2.7 long. 
 
 1 drift, 5 long. 
 
 1 drift, 7.25 long. 
 
 1 bronze drift for removing hinge pin. 
 
 3 files, pillar, No. 6, 6-inch. 
 
 3 files, three-cornered, No. 4, 6-inch. 
 
 3 files, half round, smooth, 8-inch. 
 
 3 files, round, smooth, 8-inch. 
 
 1 file, flat, dead smooth, 8-inch. 
 
 1 file, round, second cut, 8-inch. 
 
 1 file, half round, smooth, 8-inch. 
 
 1 file, three-cornered, 8-inch. 
 
 1 hand extractor for cartridge case. 
 
 1 boiler-maker’s hammer. 
 
 1 copper hammer. 
 
 *1 lanyard and handle. 
 
 1 long-handled mallet. 
 
 1 long-handled mallet. 
 
 1 pair cutting pliers, 7-incli. 
 
 *1 gunner’s pouch. 
 
 1 metal scraper. 
 
 1 screw driver, commercial, 5-inch blade. 
 
 *1 pair gunner’s sleeves. 
 
 1 spanner wrench for firing mechanism and cable couplings. 
 
 *3 wagon sponges. 
 
 *4 balls twine, assorted. 
 
 *10 pounds cotton waste. 
 
 *2 pounds copper wire, No. 12. 
 
 *2 pounds copper wire, No. 16. 
 
 1 monkey wrench, 18-inch. 
 
 1 monkey wrench, 21-inch. 
 
 For carriage: 
 
 1 socket wrench and screw driver for counter-recoil buffer, sight bracket 
 screws, etc. 
 
 1 wrench for plunger controller and cradle lubricator. 
 
 1 lifting eye for cradle. 
 
 1 lifting shackle and pin. 
 
 1 oiler, one-half pint. 
 
 1 screw driver for protecting shield guard screws. 
 
 1 screw driver for rear compressor plate, etc. 
 
 1 spanner wrench for rear cylinder, etc. 
 
 1 wrench for piston-rod nut. 
 
24 
 
 1 wrench for spring-guide rod. 
 
 1 wrench and screw driver for sights and elevating arc. 
 
 1 filling funnel. 
 
 The following, being too large, are not to be carried in the chest: Two water 
 buckets, indurated fiber. 
 
 LIST OF IMPLEMENTS FURNISHED FOR 4.72-INCH GUN, ARMSTRONG. 
 
 1 rammer and staff. 
 
 1 sponge and staff, bore. 
 
 1 breech cover. 
 
 1 combined tompion and muzzle cover. 
 
 1 slush brush with handles to connect with sponge staff. 
 
 1 steel scraper and socket to fit sponge staff. 
 
 LIST OF EQUIPMENT SUPPLIED FOR 4.72-INCH GUN, ARMSTRONG, AND BARBETTE CAR¬ 
 RIAGE, ARMSTRONG. 
 
 2 paint pots, 1-gallon. 
 
 1 sieve for paints and oils. 
 
 2 brushes, wall, 4-inch. 
 
 3 sash tools, No. 6. 
 
 3 brushes, paint 6/0. 
 
 2 dusters, painter’s, No. 2. 
 
 > Expendable. 
 
 War Department, 
 
 Office of the Chief of Ordnance, 
 
 Washington, January 6, toil. 
 
 October 28, 1904. 
 
 Revised January 30, 1908. 
 Revised January 6, 1911. 
 Form No. 1749. 
 
 Ed. Aug. 25—17—500. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 Gun: Page. 
 
 Construction and description of_ 5 
 
 Breech mechanism— 
 
 Description and parts of_ 6 
 
 Breechblock__ 6 
 
 Electrical firing, description of_ 8 
 
 Firing gear, description of— 
 
 Electrical_ 8 
 
 Percussion_ 9-10 
 
 Firing pin— 
 
 Description_ 6 
 
 Adjustment of_ 8 
 
 Safety lever_ 7 
 
 Percussion firing, description of_ 7-9 
 
 Cartridge case: 
 
 Composition and description of_ 10 
 
 Primer for_ 10 
 
 Cartridge extractor, description of___ 10 
 
 Instructions for: 
 
 Filling and making up cartridges_ 11 
 
 General, for guns_ 12 
 
 Preparing and fixing fuzes (combined time and percussion)_ 11 
 
 Projectile, description of_ 11 
 
 Range table_ 13 
 
 Carriage: 
 
 Care of_ 20 
 
 Description _ 14 
 
 Principal parts— 
 
 Cradle_15-16 
 
 Gearing— 
 
 Elevating_ 18 
 
 Traversing_17-18 
 
 Pedestal_ 14 
 
 Pivot yoke_ 15 
 
 Recoil cylinder_ 17 
 
 Shields for_ 18 
 
 Sights— 
 
 Description of_18-19 
 
 Night _19-20 
 
 Counter recoil system, action of_21-22 
 
 Filling recoil cylinder, instructions for_ 16 
 
 Mounting and dismounting_20-22 
 
 Weights_ 14 
 
 List of: 
 
 Articles packed in the armament chest for 4.72-inch guns, Armstrong 
 
 and barbette carriage, Armstrong- 23 
 
 Equipment supplied for 4.72-inch gun, Armstrong, and barbette car¬ 
 riage, Armstrong_ 24 
 
 Implements furnished for 4.72-inch gun, Armstrong- 24 
 
 (25) 
 
 O 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

PIRATE I. 
 
 4.7 INCH GUN. ARMSTRONG 
 
 9991—17. 
 
 (Follow pa go 25.) 
 
PLATE IT. 
 
PLATE III, 
 
 > 
 
 0 
 
 K 
 
 4 LBS 8 02 S. 
 
 1NG CHARGE 2 041 K .P8>F.G. 
 
 45 LBS 
 
 ELL, WEIGHT 20 4 K, BURS 
 
 T 20 4K, BURSTING CHARGE 0-907K.P&F. G. 
 45 LBS 2 LBS D? 
 
 BASE PERCUSSION 
 
 •4 K. BURSTING CHARGE 0-425 K.L.G 
 
 L8$ S5 azs 
 
 9991—IT. (1 
 
AMMUNITION FOR 4.7 INCH GUN. ARMSTRONG 
 
 PLATE III. 
 
 BASE PERCUSSION FUZE. 
 
 STEEL SHELL, STRONG HEADED, WEIGHT 20 4 K, BURSTING CHARGE 0 SO7K.P&F. G. 
 
 45 LBS 2 LBS D? 
 
 EFZZ 
 
 CAST IRON SHELL, WEIGHT 2$-4K. BURSTING CHARGE 0-425 K.L.G 
 
 STE EL SHR APNEL SHELL,WEIGHT 2|'4^ ; 278 BULLETS, BURSTING CHARGE 0-067 K 
 
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 iZ/o 1 UGMTftNPLUG 
 
 TWO-RAPS RBS3£R 
 
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 32 PRO'S. P£P //V U.s.s rti 
 
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 £OOR~3/tASS 
 
 
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 FOB/?- BRASS 
 
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 zsorr rc/rsir wasrcr. 
 
 "BRASS RASR£R . 32 RAM. 
 
 .04 7 R/C.K .22 //Gif. 
 
 23 C 0 RPFF MR£S -OCSS/AM. 
 
 -L £A/S7ROFCA0L£ SPSCT J//VCRZS. 
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 472 Q C/M B/1PBCTTE CMPLA&E, 
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 CR/£F OFOA&V 4 MOF. 
 
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 eorpos.rtA jm sm/rwowrus/a 
 
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 q£BMAN S//.YEA W/AE 
 
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 S -A / ^ 
 
 PFONTEL CASE 
 
 OT/£- BACN/EE 
 
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 CASE C/P 
 
 ON£-BNC/\/Z£ 
 
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 SOLDEA NNONZE /%Wfc*r«j / 
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 ~£~‘ „6 BNOA/CC NEAO. 
 
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 3-4 TUG 'S. NBA //>✓ 
 
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 ■ oS **£\ f p A , - as 
 
 
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 TWO -£?/?OT33£ 
 
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 NANOLF, A/NG£S FTC. TO 3 £ 
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 .04 Tn/CN .22 NQL£. 
 
 33 COPP£A W/A£S -.OCSD/AM. 
 
 -I £/V£TH()fCA£/..C SFSTT J/NCN£S. 
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 9991—17. 
 
 (Follow page 25.) 
 
PLATE V 
 
 md Cu 61 ch 
 
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 Saftiy Clip. 
 
 One -Jfraao, nicKel plct/vi. 
 
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 Cuj&ic&i Wnsli&K 
 
 On*. * XrGmf/te.r. 
 
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 f --66 -yn position 
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 Spring Cap . 
 
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 One sBrass Wi re 7 lvo -Tooiy 
 
 
 
 4~-*- i -3 
 
 I ■ ■ jkd3S!£2& 
 
 1 1EJU ■ l ‘."'-'l 
 
 47INCH BARBETTE CARRIAGE 
 ARMSTRONG 
 
 Firing Adie/y and Ortbles. 
 
 Wa/ei'io*ort Jfrsertal 7/.&J?dlcti/3f ! t i &02 
 
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 99 
 
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 fVrupped wtlfi 
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 4 
 
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 \ I 
 
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 One -Braga, nic/teZ plated. 
 
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 —iffcWuMty 
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 --\c£i*SC(l 
 
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 & 
 
 
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 jEkdlcvgJtoJC. 
 
 cotiftt/n/ntf 0 OX Pry Gel/s /Vo 4-, 
 Mac/t JtO/na/ utt/A Brass 
 J/cwaffes, Binges and Cfaspa. 
 
 9991—17. (Follow page 25.) 
 
 4.7INCH BARBETTE CARRIAGE 
 ARMSTRONG 
 
 rlrmff Jkdk/yamf Onblee. 
 
 y^hdel'kttctn. Jlrsertal If. S 3736 h/ 3 H‘M(X 
 
 -- Pppr \cwwjJ 
 
 __ 
 
 //t'fauditr Gentrmi, 
 - SStoT »r 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 1 
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