ILLINOIS HISTCRiCAl SURVEY ]yu* C^l^^A^fh^^ ^ / Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2012 with funding from University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign http://www.archive.org/details/granthospitalofcOOburl THE GRANT HOSPITAL OF CHICAGO 1883 — 1950 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Founding Dates of Early Chicago Hospitals 1 Superintendents of Grant Hospital 2 History of Hospital 3 History of School of Nursing 27 Students of Educational Program 35 Uniforms 47 Alumnae Association 55 Nurses Who Served in World War I _ 77 Nurses Who Served in World War II 78 Private Dutv Section 79 The Woman's Auxiliary - 89 PHOTOGRAPHS page The Hospital as it Looks Today IV View of Hospital Facing Grant Place V The Hospital's First Building 4 The Hospital's Second Building— Erected 1887 8 New Fireproof Wing— Erected 1897 - - 8 Private Room in 1904 14 Nurses' Home of 1908 16 Present-day Nurses' Residence _ _ 20 Nursing Staff of 1884 28 Student's Uniform of Today 36 Capping _ 41 Special Awards 44 Nurses of 1908 48 Nurses of 1904 50 Caps 52 Graduation Exercises 56 III o ACKNOWLEDGEMENT During the sixty-six years since the Grant Hospital of Chicago was opened there have been so many persons who have played an important role in its development, it is quite impossible to dedicate this volume to any one individual and even to a group. Since its earliest beginnings there have been many men and women who have given not only financial assistance but who have devoted untold hours working unselfishly in the hospital's service, — as managing directors, as volunteers in the care of patients, as members of the Woman's Aux- iliary It is with a deep sense of gratitude that the Alumnae Associ- ation of the Grant Hospital School of Nursing wishes to acknowledge its indebtedness to the charitable and public-spirited citizens, both past and present, whose generosity has made possible the continued improvement and expansion of the hospital's services in caring for the sick and the indigent poor of the community. Alumnae Association Committee Hazel Small Jones Kathryn Boardman Ida Schoch Lucille Rieschl Marie Buckley Amelia Berg Anna Olson Margaret Mihula Marie Gerten Madeline Palmquist VII EDITOR'S PREFACE THE GRANT HOSPITAL OF CHICAGO was founded in 1883 under the name of "THE GERMAN HOSPITAL." During these 66 years of its operation it has grown from an original 13-bed capacity to its present-day 236 beds and 45 bassinettes. When the last addition to the hospital was erected in 1928 it had been planned to maintain a to- tal of 300 beds. However the services in departments such as X-Ray, pharmacy, physical therapy, the pathological laboratory expanded so rapidly that very soon space originally planned as patients' rooms had to be incorporated as additional service rooms. The administrative departments too have steadily required larger quarters through the years and so today the actual bed capacity is as noted above. An aftermath of the Chicago Fire of 1871 was a tremendous up- surge of building as citizens everywhere lent a hand to help restore a city which had suffered so disastrously. This in turn brought an ever-increasing influx of people who came to settle in the vigorously growing city on the shores of Lake Michigan. That section of Chicago which is now termed "the near north side" became the center of a large part of the population with German ancestry. Of the six hos- pitals then in existence in 1871, one (Passavant) was destroyed by the fire and another (Alcxian Brothers) was for men patients only. Three years after the fire. Cook County Hospital was founded. Since this was designed for medical care for the indigent poor, the citizen who was not poverty-stricken would have considered it a dis- grace to be a patient there. Michael Reese Hospital had been founded in 1881. In a horse-and-buggv era, traveling over street pavements made of wooden blocks, it could be a long and difficult trip for a sick person living on the north side to go to Lake Park Avenue and 29th street — the original location of Michael Reese. Thus northsiders felt a definite need for the establishment of a hospital in their own immediate locality. Three civic-minded German- American citizens — Frank F. Hcnning, Henry Metzger, and John C. Burmcister — met in the fall of the year 1883 to discuss the possibilities of starting such a hospital. By December incorporation papers had been received from the State of Illinois, and on August 5, 1884, the first unit of the German Hospital of Chicago was opened to the public. The following pages lay no claim to being "literature. " They con IX Grant Hospital of Chicago tain a factual outline of the growth and development of what was the GERMAN HOSPITAL until 1917 when the name was changed to THE GRANT HOSPITAL OF CHICAGO. The desire for having an historical account of the hospital was first manifested by members of the Alumnae Association of the Grant Hospital School of Nursing. A committee of alumnae members was appointed by Hazel Small Jones, president, and they worked with me over a long period of time to find old documents and records which would give authentic data. In some cases records covering many years were entirely lost. The mem- ories of old-time alumnae were tapped, individuals' old letters and photographs, school catalogues were studied to fill in these gaps. We were frequcntlv stymied in trying to arrive at adequate translations of Board of Directors' meetings which, until 1915, were entirely con- ducted in German, the minutes written by hand in German script. For several vears after that date, portions of the minutes were written in English, other parts in German, depending upon whether the regular secretarv or a substitute was present. Mr. Ernest C. Schmidt, president of the Board of Directors, has given invaluable assistance by having translations made, copv typed, etc. In many instances there may not be as complete details as the reader might wish. For instance, the comparative costs of hospitali- zation, the average length of patient's stay, etc., were not consistently noted through each year. Therefore the reader will find that in some years such comments arc included, sometimes not. However those which have been included in this outline are shown as a matter of record to give some idea of the costs of today as compared with those of 50 and 60 years ago. It now seems incredible that in 1884 hos- pitalization could be had for S5 and $6 per week — or that a washing machine for a hospital could be purchased for $16.75. Yet such was the case at a time when eggs cost 10c a dozen and milk was scooped out of an open ten-gallon can into the customer's container at 5c a quart. Another interesting then-and-now comparison is in the differ- ence of length of hospital stay. In the 1890's the average patient stay was 31 days. In 1920 it was 20 days. In 1930 14 days; in 1940 10 days; in 1945 it was 9.8 days and bv 1949 the average stay had been reduced to 8.3 days. The growth and development of Grant Hospital in a measure paral- lels the expansion of Chicago itself. As the city became larger and more complex, more efficient in meeting the citizens' needs, so too hospitals expanded, steadily improving their medical standards, increas- ing the efficiency of their procedures and treatments. Inevitably these improvements have been accompanied bv ever-increasing costs. Editorial XI To the layman the rise in hospitalization costs within recent years seems very high. What he does not understand is the tremendous rise in costs to the hospital itself in order to give the patient the best possible care. Statistics compiled by the American Hospital Associa- tion from a recent survey covering 6000 hospitals show that the aver- age per day cost to the hospital in 1947 was SI 1.09. In 1948 it was S13.09 and m 1949 it rose to S14.33 Institutions like Grant Hospital which include an out-patient department where a large part of the medical service is rendered free, face an annual deficit in operating costs that is nothing short of staggering. Therefore there is the constant need for financial assistance from benevolent individuals or groups who understand these problems and who recognize the basic necessity for supplemental help to hospitals whose income from pa- tients' charges is manifestly insufficient. Margarete K. Burlin, Editor Chicago, December, 19 50 FOUNDING DATES OF THE EARLY HOSPITALS OF CHICAGO 1849— Mercy Hospital — chartered in 1852 1864— St. Luke's Hospital 1865— Women's and Children's Hospital 1865— Passavant — destroyed in Chicago Fire of 1871 . . . new building re- dedicated in 1885 . . . closed in 1925 . . . re-opened in present building in 1930. 1S63— Alexian Brothers Hospital 1S68— St. Joseph's Hospital 1874— Cook County Hospital 1881— Michael Reese Hospital *1883— Presbyterian Hospital — chartered in July — opened December, 1883 *1883— Founded as "The German Hospital of Chicago," now The Grant Hospital — chartered in December, 1883 — opened August 5, 1884 *An interesting coincidence regarding Presbyterian Hospital and Grant Hospital is that the first patient was admitted to Grant on August 19, 1884 (fourteen days after the actual opening of the insti- tution) while the first patient to enter Presbyterian hospital was on August 20, 1884 1 SUPERINTENDENTS OF THE GRANT HOSPITAL Mr. Frank F. Henning 1884-1890 Mr. John C. Burmeister 1890-1907 Mr. Phillip II. Dilg 1907-1910 Mr. Behrens 1910 (served 6 months) Miss Nina Dale 1910-1915 Miss Mary Elizabeth Lewis 1915-1918 Mrs. Nina Dale Friedman 1918-1919 Miss Mary Watson 1919-1936 Up to this time the superintendent was titular head of the nursing school as well as the administrator of the hospital. In 1936 with the appointment of a new superintendent, the two activities was placed under separate heads — an administrator and a director of all the nurs- ing activities including the nursing school. Mr. Clinton F. Smith 1936-1942 Robert B. Graves 1943-1947 Hans S. Hansen 1947-present r list of nursing school directors see chapter on the Nursing School page 29. HISTORY OF THE GERMAN HOSPITAL OF CHICAGO Re-named in 1918 THE GRANT HOSPITAL OF CHICAGO Reproduced from an early print, this shows the first building to house the German Hospital when it opened in 1884 at the location which is now 2223 Lincoln Ave. History 1883 Founded December 1". 1883, and incorporated under the laws of the State of Illinois as a non-sectarian, not-for-profit charitable institu- tion; described in the incorporation papers as "a sanctuary in case of sickness or accident for all persons without distinction of belief or religious conviction. The worthy poor shall receive medical services free or at such costs as are suitable to their situation, and the well- to-do at such rates as the Board of Directors ma\ specify from time to time." 1884 The first formal meeting of the founders of the German Hospital was held at the Medical Mission. Chicago Avenue and La Salle Street, to organize the hospital, to decide upon the constitution and Bv-laws. The following slate of officers was elected: President Frank F. Henning (served 13 years) Vice President Ilcnrv Metzger (served 10 years) Sccrctarv John C. Burmeister (served 23 years) Until 1912 all meetings were conducted in the German language, minutes were hand written in German script, and all meetings opened with a pravcr. A residence at 242 Lincoln Avenue (now 2225 Lincoln Avenue) owned by Mr. Henning was offered rent-free for one year in which to install a hospital with a bed capacity of 13. 1884 At the first annual meeting held January 13, 1885, the following reports were given covering the vear 18S4: The German Hospital at 242 Lincoln Avenue opened its doors on August 5, 1884. The first patient was admitted on August 19. Until the end of the year (December 31 ) 25 patients were cared for; of these 10 were pay patients and 15 eharitv patients. The medical staff consisted of: (and their subsequent terms of service ) Dr. George Schaller House Physician 1884-1890 Grant Hospital of Ch icago Dr. J. Schaller ) Consulting Dr. Sigmund Jacobson j Physicians 1884-1888 Dr. Christian Fenger Surgeon 1884-190 The hospital finished its first year (actually a bit less than 5 months) with no outstanding debts. The public donated $1,664.42 during this first year. 1885 At this same first annual meeting it was decided to start a building fund for the purpose of enlarging the hospital which was already proving to be too small for the needs of the community. At the suggestion of the President, Mr. Henning, discussion was opened on the subject of establishing a Deaconness Nurses' Training School similar to those which had already been in existence in Ger- many for some years past. It was the opinion of many of those present that such an undertaking should be embarked upon, although there was general agreement that a school of this type would only prosper and succeed as a project privately owned and controlled by the hospital. During the year of 1884, 87 patients had been cared for. The first donation toward the Building Fund was made by a Mr. J. L. Bittdorf, a poor man, who gave one dollar as an expression of gratitude to the hospital which had cared for him the previous year. 1886 At a specially called Directors' meeting on January 12, a Building Committee was appointed to look into the matter of finding a lot suitable for building a larger hospital. On April 1 3 it was announced that five ( 5 ) lots on Larrabee Street extending to Grant Place had been purchased from the Grant Place Methodist Evangelical Church at the price of $12,000. One thousand dollars of this sum was donated to the hospital by the church and $500 was given for the establishment of a free bed. Thus the actual cost of the lots was $10,500. The church remained on the comer of Larrabee Street (now Geneva Terrace) and Grant Place until 1897 and paid a monthly rental of $60 to the hospital. History The Board of Directors decided to rent the building at 242 Lincoln Avenue (which Mr. Hcnning had given during the first year rent-free) for the sum of S600 per year. Of this sum Mr. Henning immediately turned back $100 to the Building Fund. It was decided in addition to rent the dwelling next door thus en- larging the hospital's facilities for the forthcoming year. During the year 1886 there were "9 patients admitted. Excerpt from the president's annual report: "Financially we do not need to worn - . The hospital is in a position to satisfy all demands and shows a good cash balance on hand." 1887 During the year 1887 the erection of a brick building of its own was undertaken by the directors. The public donated $17,000 in cash and more than $2,000 worth of building materials were donated by business houses. It was a banner year for the German Hospital for on April 2 the new hospital building was dedicated at 754-756 Larrabec Street (later listed in the city's directorv as 2217-2219 Larrabee Street — now Geneva Terrace ) . During the year 1887 there were 103 patients admitted. 1888 The "Nah and Hiilfs Verein" (Ladies' Sewing and Aid Society) was founded November 21, with a membership of 22. The purpose: "to sew and prepare all the linen needs of the hospital." During the year the Dispensary was established. In April the Board of Directors voted the following changes in the By-laws : ARTICLE IX 1. Congregations, clubs, societies, and persons donating SI 00 to the hospital shall be entitled over a period of 5 years to send a patient each year for free care. 2. Donors of $300 may sustain a free bed for a charity patient over the course of one year. A maximum of 12 patients may be sent '4 V HR In /887 the German Hospital erected its own building at 22/7 Larrabee St. — now Geneva Terrace. Ten vcars /afcr — in 7897 — the wing at fhc rig/i/ was ndc/cd fo fbc German Hospital. History during this one year — or said donor may have the privilege of keeping one patient permanently throughout one year. 3. Donations or bequests of $5,000 will establish a free bed in the hospital marked with a donor's plaque, the yearly interest from this sum to be used for the upkeep of this bed. 4. Cases of chronic illness shall be excluded from admittance. 5. Every person paying $5 annually gains the right to some free care in nursing, the conditions to be decided upon by the directors. During this vear 228 patients were admitted. The report of the Superintendent covering the period of time from the opening of the hospital in 1884 until April 19, 1888 showed that: 450 patients had been admitted — 204 full or part-pay and 246 charity patients. 12,773 hospital days' care Average patient cost of hospitalization, $20.32 Average hospital stay — 31 clays. 1889 First sizeable individual gift to the hospital from Charles H. Wackcr in memory of his father Frederich Wacker. During this year 376 patients were admitted: 164 full pay patients 68 part pay 144 charity patients. Average cost to patient, $24.75. A telephone was installed in the hospital. 1890 During this year 550 patients were admitted: 280 full paying 129 part paying 141 chanty patients, 10 Grant Hospital of Chicago A number of important bequests and gifts were received during this year — from the estate of Conrad Seipp; from the surviving chil- dren of Conrad Seipp, in his memory; from Gerhard Foreman in mem- ory of his wife, Hannah. Two lots to the south of the hospital covering 750 and 752 Larra- bee Street (Now 2213-2215 Geneva Terrace) were purchased for $5,500. It was upon this location that the first fire-proof wing was later erected in 1897. In October an arrangement was made between the hospital and the Bcthesda Nurses' Training School whereby the young women in train- ing at Bethcsda would give nursing service to the German Hospital, the latter paying Bethesda for said services. Washing machine purchased for $16.75. The hospital closed its books for the fiscal year free of debt. 1891 First year of nursing arrangement between the hospital and Bethesda. Four lots next to the Bethesda Deaconncss Home purchased for $6,500. At the 7th annual Board meeting held January 21, 1892, the Presi- dent's annual message contained the following comments regarding the year 1891: "Nursing care in the hospital during the past year has been given exclusively by 'Warteninncn' (servers or sick-nurses) who are the best qualified for this work as a result of a Nurses' Training School opened in connection with a Deaconness establishment which up to now has developed very well. It has been of great assistance for us in the hos- pital that the nursing could be taken care of efficiently, also nursing in private families, but we have been unable to satisfy all expectations. "The Deaconness establishment which was originally erected for the purpose of training nurses is located in a well-chosen spot (for us), and will lend itself admirably for the purpose. This, however, re- quires considerable financial support because it is burdened with many debts. We will not now go further into this subject as in the future a full report regarding it will appear in print. ' 'Forward' is the watchword for the German Hospital for the new year. History 1 1 "The maintenance of our hospital during this year has had to be pretty carefully measured and we had to use the greatest economy particularly during the first six or eight months of the year. Meat and provisions at this time were very expensive. For instance, potatoes cost from $2.25 to $2.40 per bushel. Thus it has been that the out- lav for our establishment was some $1,300 more than the expenses of the previous year for work and supplies of the same nature. "During the year a total of 714 patients were cared for — 398 full paying, 115 part paying and 201 charity. "I call your attention to the fact that among the full pay patients there is a multitude who pay only $5 per week, a payment which is frequently difficult for them. Notwithstanding, for this trifling charge it is difficult for us to furnish food, medicine, and nursing care. It is really a charity on our part to do this for those who have only scanty means themselves, yet who need help and healing which they are unable to obtain in their own homes. The hospital offers to such as these an excellent opportunity for an early recovery from their ills. Realization of this is to be seen in the fact that the sum total of $13,882.70 was taken in from pay patients. Gifts and memberships amounted to $6,673.40 but the total of these sources of income is not sufficient to balance the hospital's expenses in the care of charity cases. "During the past year 714 patients were cared for as mentioned above. This represents 22,474 hospital days' care — an average stay of 31V2 days per patient and an average cost of $26.71 per patient." 1892 At a quarterly meeting of the Board held February 3 the financial statement covering the taking over the Bethesda Nursing School gave these details: Gifts and collections S 8,774.84 Balance from previous year 8,100.00 Total on Hand $16,874.84 Reconstruction and Repairs in Bethesda School ..$20,374.84 4 building lots 6,500.00 Total $26,874.84 Benefit concert given at McVickers Theater by the Press Club of Chicago netted the hospital $1,633.85, 12 Grant Hospital of Chicago Benefit exhibition match given by the Humor Kegel Klub (Fun Bowling Club) realized the sum of $838.50 for the hospital. April: a registered pharmacist was hired at $20 per month plus free board. A bookkeeper was hired as above. Hospital received a substantial legacv from the estate of Peter Schocnhofen. From reports of the 9th annual meeting held Januarv 19 covering the year 1892: ". . . The past year has proven to have been a very successful and busy one. Most of the time all beds were occupied and the present facilities are much too limited for our needs. Therefore, the Board of Directors have decided to undertake the development of the Build- ing Fund with which to build an annex to the hospital at an approxi- mate cost of $22,000. ". . . There arc 20 young women in the training school. Unfor- tunately several nurses left the school without a diploma tempted by the high wages paid for trained nurses. This deplorable situation could be met if all physicians would agree not to employ nurses with- out a diploma. ". . . During the year 451 patients were cared for — 290 fewer than during the year previous." 1893 As the year 1893 advanced it became a year of financial panic and it was decided by the Board to hold in abeyance all plans for future building until the general economy improved. Repercussions of the panic were to be noted in the marked decrease in gifts and donations to the hospital. By the end of the year there was a deficit of $1,700 on the books. A record number of patients were cared for during this year — 741. 1894 A year "overshadowed by hard times." 508 patients admitted during this year. Annual telephone bill was $135.00. History 1 3 1895 The first Charity Ball given by the German-American Charity As- sociation realized $1,750 for the hospital. 569 patients admitted during this year. 1896 The second Charity Ball netted $2,400 for the hospital. September 15, 1896 The opening of the new German Hospital Nurses' Training School as an integral part of the hospital — offering a two-year course as its educational program. A house at 421-423 Bcldcn Place was rented for $56 monthly to be used as a nurses' home. The new class comprised 7 new students and 9 who had transferred from the Bethcsda School. Novzmber, 1896 First appe.uancc of the "Hospital Bote" (Hospital A Messenger) a monthly house organ. Started the building of a new fireproof addition at 750-752 Larra- bec Street adjacent to first self-owned building. 1897 Hospital received a sizeable bequest from Mr. William Buschmann. Third Charity Ball realized the sum of $1,350 for the hospital. June 30, 1897 Graduation of the first class of students from the German Hospital Nurses' Training School. There were six graduates — all of them stu- dents who had transferred from Bethcsda and had already had some previous training, thus they had received a full two years' course. Opening of the new fireproof building at 750-752 Larrabcc Street next door to the original hospital which had been erected in 1887. This 1S97 building still stands and is still used as part of the present- day hospital. With the new building the bed capacity rose to 73. History 1 The 1887 building was later (1912) moved across to the other side of the street where it still stands and is used as an apartment building today. 1898 Establishment of the German Hospital's Nurses Registry with 17 graduate nurses' names on the list. November 15, 1904 Board of Directors recommended that the Superintendent serve as Administrator and that the Matron of Nurses have complete charge over all matters pertaining to the nursing service. December, 1904 Board of Directors expressed their willingness to be helpful in achiev- ing membership for the nursing school's graduate in the Illinois Asso- ciation of Graduate Nurses. 1905 X-Ray Department installed. Public Relations Committee appointed (3 members of the Board of Directors). 1907 Board of Directors voted to raise money to build a new addition. Board of Directors authorized the expenditure of SI 00.00 to install electric lights in the old building (of 1887). Administrator's report showed that the cost of a day's care of the patient was S2.30 in June, S2.08 in August and S2.36 in September. Out-patient department charges to clinic patients set at 50 cents. September, 1908 Purchase of the first nurses' home at 2329 Cambridge Avenue (for- merly Bclden Place), a building which had been the Bethcsda Home for the Aged. Until this time the students had lived in a five-flat building at 710-712 Larrabee Street. nu^L P Z ChaSed '" 19 ° 8 3t 2329 Camb »'^ Ave. and used as History In the new building freshmen were housed on the third floor, the intermediates on the second floor, and seniors on the first floor. 1910 1,033 patients admitted during this year. 1911 Founding of the Woman's Auxiliary — called the "Ladies' Auxiliary" for a short time — with an original membership of 15. Its object: "to provide funds derived from membership dues, bazaars, and occa- sional entertainments." (Sec separate chapter on THE WOMAN'S AUXILIARY.) Purchase of lot and building at 543-545 Grant Place, the building to be used as an annex to the nurses' home. On the rear of these lots a boiler house and laundry were erected. The monthly "Hospital Bote," founded November 1896, was dis- continued as a pamphlet but was published each month in the Ger- man language newspapers. 1912 Brick building erected in 1887 was moved across the street to Ham- ilton Court ( which had earlier been Larrabec Street and is today Geneva Terrace), where it still stands, in use as an apartment building. March 24, 1912 The cornerstone of a new hospital wing was laid, the building to front on Grant Place, and joining the building which had been built in 1897. This was made possible by the gift of Mrs. Catherine Seipp who gave the money in memory of her husband, Conrad Seipp, and her son, Conrad, Jr. Opening of the Social Service Department in the out-patient de- partment. 1,447 patients admitted during the year — 237c were full pay, 587c were part pay and 197c were charity patients. 1913 Woman's Auxiliary gave an X-Ray machine to the hospital, one of the first ones in the citv. 18 Grant Hospital of Chicago February 16, 1913 Opening of new hospital wing at corner of Grant Place and Geneva Terrace. Total bed capacity now 170. Purchase of lot and buildings at 2205 Hamilton Court for use as employees' quarters. Purchase of 2 lots and buildings at 537-539 Grant Place to be used as annex to nurses' home. Installation of emergency lighting system in the operating rooms. Removal of wooden floors and baseboards; replaced by cement in- stallations in the old building to make it entirely fireproof. Marblelithic floors laid in nurses' dining room, throughout the ground floor and in all the service rooms. 1914 A permanent, full-time operator engaged for the X-Rav Department so that X-Rav pictures could be taken and developed at any time of the day, instead of during limited hours as previously. March 7, 1918 The German Hospital was renamed THE GRANT HOSPITAL OF CHICAGO. 1919 X-Ray Department enlarged and new improved apparatus installed. 1920 Endowment Fund given by surviving children of Mrs. Catherine Scipp in memory of their mother, father and brother. Donors: Mrs. Emma Seipp Schmidt, Mrs. Clara Seipp Bartholomay, Mrs. Elsa Scipp Madlener and Mrs. Alma Seipp Hay. April Grant Hospital becomes a member of the Central Council for Nurs- ing Education. September The Baby Clinic was established under the auspices of the Woman's History r Auxiliary staffed by volunteer workers under the medical direction of Dr. Edwin Baxter. November Gift from Mr. William Seipjf of the Melita Uihlein Seipp Endow- ment Fund for the Care of Sick Children. This was used to establish the Melita Uihlein Seipp Ward for Child rcn. December Hospital given approval by A.M. A. for training internes. 1921 Gift from Mrs. Phoebe Seipp (Mrs. William C. ) made possible an addition to the maternity floor to house an extra delivery room, a new nursery and space for 14 more beds. Grant Hospital approved for interneship by the American Medical Association. New anaethesia room planned. Affiliations made by the Nursing School for students with Children' Memorial Hospital for experience in pediatrics; Durand Contagiou Hospital for experience in contagious diseases; State School of Ps) chiatric Training; and Visiting Nurses Association. s 10US 1922 Gift from the four surviving children of Mr. Jacob Birk. The money "to be used for whatever purposes the hospital deems necessary." Donors: Miss Amelia Birk; Mrs. Bertha Birk Klein; Mrs. Carrie Birk Ilohncr; Mrs. Minnie Birk Whitchouse and Mr. Frank Birk. Opening of the Edward G. Uihlein Research Laboratory in its own building at 531 Grant Place. Eunds for this given by the four children of Edward G. Uihlein in memory of their father. Donors: Edgar Uihlein; Mrs. Clara Uihlein Trostcl; Mrs. Olga Uihlein Benekc and Mrs. Ella Uihlein Seipp. Dr. Richard Herman Jaffe, assistant professor of experimental path- ology at the University of Vienna was brought over to become direc- tor of the Uihlein Laboratory, a position he held until his deatli in December 1937. Nurses' and Students Residence at 536 Webster Ave. — huih in 1925. History 2 1 Lot and property at 533 Grant Place purchased to be used as an annex to the nurses' home. Grant Hospital approved by the American College of Surgeons. 1923 Pn land to be used for the erection of a Nurses' Residence Purchase of lot and buildings at 536-540 Webster Avenue, the 1924 Cambridge Avenue property, where nurses' home had stood, sold for S30,000. September, 1925 Opening of new Nurses' Residence at 536 Webster Avenue con- taining in addition to the ground floor community rooms, an audi- torium and class rooms, suites and private rooms — accommodations for 130 people. 1926 Buildings at 537-539 Grant Place and outbuildings at rear of these lots razed to make room for erection of a new wing of the hospital to be added to the 1913 building. May 26, 1926 First student graduation to be held in the new residence. >C Administrator William II. Rehm in annual report stated that 25$ of all the work done in the hospital was charity work. Legacy left by Mrs. Phoebe Seipp (Mrs. William C.) as a nursery fund. January 29, 1928 Official opening of new addition on Grant Place, gave the hospital a 300-bed capacity. October, 1929 Affiliation of Nursing School with Cook County Hospital. 22 Grant Hospital of Chicago 1931 Property at 532-534 Webster Avenue, previously purchased, made into a tennis court for students (adjoining the new Nurses' Residence) — financed bv the Woman's Auxiliary. 1933 Because of serious economic depression throughout the country no new class of student nurses was admitted. 1936 Doctors' Lounge installed in hospital, furnished by Dr. Sylvan Coombs, and Dr. Robert Coombs in memory of wife and mother, Mrs. Myna Coombs. Designed for use of all members of the medical staff. June, 1937 Establishment of the Central Service Department. September Opening of the Grant Hospital School for Medical Record Libra- rians under the direction of Miss Edna Huffman — sixth such school in the country. (Now affiliated with Northwestern University.) January, 1938 Grcv Lady Sen ice of the Red Cross begun in the hospital. 1939 Grant Hospital approved by A.M.A. for residents' training in the departments of Surgery and OB. Building at 530 Webster Avenue purchased as Nurses Annex to permit the additional housing of facultv members and department heads. Occupancy of same in 1941. Hospital approved and adopted the "Plan for Hospital Care" for employees. History 1940 Taylor Strawn Memorial Fund makes possible the refurnishing and enlarging of the X-Ray Department. February, 1941 Establishment of the Credit Union within the hospital, a coopera- tive employee activity, endorsed by the administration and incorpo- rated under the laws of the state of Illinois. 1941 Annex to nurses' residence remodeled — 12 nurses move in. 1942 Board of Directors establish a SI 00 scholarship for student nurses in need of financial assistance for their schooling. 1943 Opening of Blood Bank as part of the pathological laboratory. Aver- age volume of blood dispensed, 6 pints per month. Today's average volume of blood dispensed: 27 5 pints per month. February, 1944 First issue of "The Pulse of Grant Hospital," a monthly house organ publicizing the aims and achievements of the hospital. 1945 New auto-claves (sterilizers) installed in Central Supply Room. 1947 A.M.A. grants approval of residencies in Pathology. 1948 A.M.A. grants approval of residencies in Internal Medicine. March Opening of the Cancer Detection Clinic for female patients only, endorsed bv the American Cancer Society. 24 Grant Hospital of Chicago April Opening of the Emily Goehst Memorial Milk Laboratory on the obstetrical floor, a gift to the hospital from the Chicago Service Club, in memory of Emily Goehst who had once been president of the club, as well as a board member of the Woman's Auxiliary and a devoted worker in the baby clinic at the hospital. July X-Ray Department expanded and remodeled to include new cysto- scopy rooms, larger X-Ray viewing room, dressing rooms, in addition to consultation offices, treatment rooms, dark room, etc. Featured new equipment was the new Klcx-Rav decp-thcrapy ma- chine of far greater capacity and power than previous X-Ray apparatus. Explosion-proof building erected to house all combustible fluids and gases. November Opening of the Grant Hospital School for Medical Technicians — a one year course — under the direction of Dr. Cove C. Mason and Dr. Harold A. Grimm of the Pathological Laboratory. Approved by the American Medical Association and bv the Registry of the American Society of Clinical Pathologists. December Inauguration of the conferral of service pins on employees with 10 and 20 years of continuous service with the hospital. First presenta- tion made at the Christmas party bv Hans S. Hansen, Administrator. Bequest from will of Albert F. Madlener for the use of funds in the out-patient department. 1949 Widow and children of Albert J. Madlener, gave a bequest to add to that originally given to the out-patient department by their husband and father. Donors: Mrs. Albert F. Madlener, Albert F. Madlener, Jr., Otto Madlener and William Madlener. November School of Nursing receives its rating from the National Committee History ?S for the Improvement of Nursing Services — rated among the top 25% of the nation's nursing schools. 1949 A.M.A. gives approval of residencies in anaesthesiology. April 1950 Isotope Laboratory opened under the direction of Dr. Lindon Seed for the treatment of thyroid diseases by radio-active therapy. June, 1950 Expansion and remodeling of the Uihlcin Memorial Laboratory made possible by funds donated by the heirs of Edward G. Uihlein. Donors: Mrs. Albert Trostel; Mr. Edgar Uihlein; Mrs. Henry Beneke and Mrs. Edwin A. Seipp — same benefactors who made possible the original establishment of this laboratory in 1922. GRANT HOSPITAL OF CHICAGO SCHOOL OF NURSING >/" t3 oc be"" 1 "' Z School of Nursing 29 Superintendents of Nurses "Louise Schmidt, 1885-Aug. 1886 — Named first Supt. of Nurses Family (not named i plaeed in charge of Nurses' Home, Sept., 1886 to 1890 :;;:;t Anna M. Wehner, 1890-May 1, 1904— First Director of Grant Hospital's own Nursing School Louise Eggert Bredel. Aug. 1, 1904 to Mar. 1. 1910— Salary S^O per month at start, later raised to S60 Nina Dale, 1910-1915 Mary Elizabeth Lewis, 191 S" to July 1, 1918 (Died 1946) Mrs. Nina Dale Friedman, September 1. 191 S to September 30, 1919 (Died August 15, 1929 i Mary Watson. October 1, 1919 to May 1, 1937 Dora B. Miller, May, 1937 to June, 1938. Elizabeth C. Wivel, October, 1938 to June, 1942 Elizabeth H. Wright. 1942 to July 1, 1944 Alice M. Morse, September 15, 1944 to March 15, 1948 Mona Jackson, August 15, 194S to present -In the 14th -annual report oi the GERMAN HOSPITAL, published in 1898 (Page 50) appears the following: "Miss Louise Schmidt functioned as the first Superintendent of Xurscs. She later left for St. Louis, Missouri.' 1 -'■The first nurse to enter the hospital to work as a "Warterin" was Miss Anna M. Wehner who, upon completion of her two-year course, immediately entered upon nursing in private families. Later Miss Wehner again entered this institution and since March 27. 1890 has until the present tune 1 1898) held the position of Superintendent." 30 Grant Hospital of Chicago In the 14th Yearly Report of the German Hospital issued in Jan- uary 1898 appeared the following description of the Nursing School of the German Hospital of Chicago. "The Nursing School of this institution was called into being September 15, 1896 and in the years immediately following has made great progress. There were quite a number of young women who wished to devote themselves to this service. The doctors, especially in the past half year, have taken over the responsibility of giving them regular instruction." 1896 "The beginning was made with the following young women who, of their own free will, gave up their association with the Bethesda School : Miss Louise Rupp Miss Adelina Morton Miss Ida Doern Miss Delia Schneider Mrs. Erika Frcdcricksen Miss Barbara Smith Miss Catharina Werner Miss Augusta Timm Miss Emma Liidicksen Mrs. Julia Dopp "Of these, the first two (Louise Rupp and Ida Doern) remained only a very short time in the institution because they had already graduated but had not yet finished their period of service." 1897 "On June 30 the first commencement of our Nursing School was held and at this time six nurses were graduated: Mrs. Erika Fredericksen Miss Adelina Morton Miss Catharina Werner Miss Delia Schneider Miss Emma Liidicksen Miss Barbara Smith "Those transferred from the Bethesda Training School and who have not yet graduated arc: Miss Augusta Timm Mrs. Julia Dopp "These together with the following will constitute the present year's Nursing School of our institution: Ernestine Mathcus Marie Thicscnhusen Annie Brandt Katharine Gcffert Louise Holzman Olive Ott Tilla Tiemcy Gussie Hartung Martha Bakhus Emma Freiberg School of Nursing Clara Kendall Annie Schillbach Marie Weichelt Talitha Otto Emma Geschefsky Clara Laltner Rose Preuninger Barbara Kochdorfer Mary Schwirtz Elizabeth Fleischer Sophie Zindcl Minna Pross All of these, with only one exception, have entered to take up a two-year course." In the 14th Annual Report of the German Hospital (given in Jan- uary, 1898) the following outline of nurse's training was printed: "No one will deny that for the education of a sicknurse, in theory as well as in practice, the most appropriate place is a hospital. "This principle, as well as other facts, brought about several years ago the founding of a nurses' training school in close association with the German Hospital, a school in which the students would gain their instruction. This school, however, was not under the jurisdiction of the Board of Directors of the German Hospital, but rather under the direction of a similar organization incorporated for the same pur- pose. In the course of years a number of young women entered the school. They received, howeyer, all their practical education at the German Hospital and after completing a two-year course receiyed a diploma as qualified nurses from the administration of that school. "Because of various circumstances the Board of Directors of the German Hospital came to the conclusion to found a nursing school which would belong to the hospital, one which would come under the direct supervision of the directors. After this was done in Sep- tember, 1896, a number of young women who had been in the afore- mentioned school but who had not vet completed their courses there left that school and entered our newly-founded one. Also most of the nurses who had already graduated preferred to continue in asso- ciation with the German Hospital and to remain as 'Registered Nurses.' Thereby the hospital was in a position to have its patients taken care of bv nurses educated both in theory as well as practice. "In June 1897 the first commencement of the new school took place. Six students who had completed their course received their diplomas. These became thereby 'Registered Nurses.' "As noted before, the beginning of the present school was made in September, 1896. 32 Grant Hospital of Chicago "The course runs for two years. Young women, aged from 20 to 35, who wish to become nurses must present themselves personally to the administrator of the hospital. Application forms must be filled out which give the rules of the institution. Applications must be filled out in the personal handwriting of the candidate and given to the administrator. Candidate must furnish a doctor's affidavit as to her health, also recommendations from persons she may know or from a minister. If everything is satisfactory the candidate (with approval of the administrator) may enter the school for a month's probation period. At the end of this time the candidate must submit to a rigid medical examination by a doctor indicated by the administrator who shall establish whether the candidate is of sound body, strong enough to do the strenuous service which her work will require. The admin- istrator and the superintendent of nurses shall decide upon the quali- fications of the student as well as upon her eligibility. In all cases preferences shall be given to those of good education who already have some knowledge of their chosen profession and to those who have a knowledge of both German and English. "During the probation period it is not necessary for a candidate to wear the customary uniforms but she may use such (clothing) as may be specified by the administrator." Probation Period "At the end of the probation period the student must appear during her working hours in the hospital in the prescribed uniform. This will be furnished free by the hospital. It goes without saving that the student receives free board and lodging." Dismissal "The Board of Directors retains the right to dismiss any student, provided there arc grounds which the Board considers sufficient for such action. It is a rule that the student, on alternate davs, usually afternoon, shall have 2 hours free and it is expected that she will as often as pos- sible go out into the fresh air at this time. In addition a certain number of students, as far as circumstances permit, shall alternately have a part of every Sunday free. Also with the approval of the Su- perintendent the student may stay out one evening per week not later than 1 2 o'clock except under unusual circumstances and for sound reasons. "The practical education shall be as follows: School of Nursing 33 "To work under the observation and direction of the doctors and the Superintendent in proper sequence in the different medical di- visions of the hospital, in the men's as well as in the women's sections. These divisions divide themselves into: medical, surgical, gyneco- logical ward, and in the various private rooms; in the division of eye, ear, nose and throat; in lying-in; and in children's sections. "In addition the student nurse shall have the opportunity to work in operating and dressing rooms, gain knowledge in the dispensary. From time to time she may be sent into private families wherever these may be under the supervision of the hospital administrative nursing service. In short, the student in the field of nursing can acquire all the ncccssarv knowledge in the German Hospital." Teaching of Theory "Thcorv must stand side by side with practical instruction. This shall be given in regular lectures by the staff doctors and students arc required to participate in this instruction." Sickness Rules "In case of sickness students shall be cared for free during such periods as the attending doctor and the administrator may specify. At the close of their two-year course students must take an examina- tion following which the diploma shall be awarded. "It has been already indicated that the calling of a nurse is not a light task and thus it should be said again that before all, the physical state of a nurse must be robust and strong. Nervous persons arc not qualified for nursing. Thus it is necessarv that the selection of stu- dent nurses be carefullv made. Should it develop then that some can- didate, who may have felt herself suitable for the profession, is re- jected there must be sound reasons therefor and her rejection should not be considered in the nature of a degradation. "It has already been stated that strong, robust, well-educated stu- dents are desirable. However, this is not enough. In a healthv body a wholesome spirit must also exist. There must be a heart that is full of sympathy, love, patience and gentleness. If a nurse does not possess these virtues, though she be thorough, industrious and dependable she still will lack those qualities of warm, outgoing friendliness and gentle handling of her patient. For this reason she can never com- pletely fulfill her noble calling. It is true, nurses do their work in a difficult, responsible and often dangerous field. Therefore, it is only 34 Grant Hospital of Chicago right and reasonable that she receive pecuniary compensation for her work. However, if it happens that one has chosen this calling only because it is well paid, such a one is to be pitied for there is lacking in her a wholesome spirit and she will therefore never wholly fulfill her calling. "Herewith a list with addresses of those graduates who received their training in our hospital and who now form our 'Nurses Register'." Miss Martha Becker Miss Sophie Christiansen Miss Ida Docrn Miss L. Dohne Mrs. H. Fotsch Miss Barbara Smith Miss Louisa Schultz Miss Anna Ullrich Miss Prcdericka Fritsch Mrs. Erika Frederikscn Miss Anna Krieger Miss Sophie Junge Miss Mary Lamm Miss Olga Lippert Miss Helena Pickel Miss P. K. Werner Miss Augusta Zoski STUDENTS' NURSING EDUCATION ■ W - AiS Uniform of the Grant Hospital student of todav. Students' Nursing Education STUDENTS' NURSING EDUCATION September, 1896 The German Hospital Nurses' Training School was established on this date with a two-year course of study. September, 1899 Course was extended to three-year duration. The practice of sending senior students out of the hospital for private duty service was discontinued and the student received her full three years' training within the hospital. Seniors were put in charge as head floor nurses. SURGICAL SERVICE Service in surgery was extended to three months. A senior nurse was selected by the medical staff to act as head surgical nurse. This duty included assisting at all major operations, preparing all sutures; catgut, silkworm, horsehair and fine silk. OPERATING ROOM The operating room had no electric lights at this time. Water was boiled in large washboilers; Boeckman sterilizer used for dressings and linen. Utensils were boiled in soda solutions. Students washed the walls of the operating room once a month; also all furniture and floors after every operation. This was customary until 1910. INSTRUCTION Lectures on various subjects were given by staff doctors and internes. Laboratory instruction was given by interne in charge. Drug room instruction was given by a registered pharmacist. Bedside training was given by the senior head nurse. COSTS AND TUITION The student was paid a stipend of $2.00 monthly for the first two years of her training. During her third year she received $3.00 monthly. 1909 COSTS AND TUITION Students received a monthly stipend of $5 after one-month proba- 38 Grant Hospital of Chicago tionary period. Fabrics for uniforms were furnished by the hospital but the student made her uniforms herself. 1914 Miss Nina Dale, Superintendent of Nurses, suggested to the Board of Directors that the Nursing School compile an illustrated catalogue. 1915 Miss Dale reported that the nurses' home was far too crowded, that two girls and in some instances three occupy one room. First school catalogue issued. 1917 Eight-hour day of nursing service established for the students, with classroom time additional. Students paid for their uniforms, also bought all their own books. April 1919 Students received $8 monthly stipend after completion of proba- tionary period. July Because of shortage of nurses, students were asked to vote whether they wished the continuation of the 8-hour day or whether they were willing to work a 9-hour day. They voted to start a 9-hour day with l A day off weekly. Classroom time was in addition to these 9 hours' work. October Monthly stipend of $8 paid to freshmen, after probationary period had passed. Monthly stipend of $10 paid to students during 2nd and 3rd years. Uniforms furnished by the hospital. February, 1920 Board of Directors voted to offer to incoming students a monthly stipend of $16 for the first six months of their course, and S20 there- after for remainder of course. Uniforms free. Students' Nursing Education April 1920 Hospital became a member of the Central Council for Nursing Education. 1921 Affiliation made for special studies at Children's Memorial Hospital. (Continued until 1940.) Affiliation made for special studies at State School of Psychiatric Nursing. Affiliation made for special studies at Durand Hospital (Com- municable Diseases). Affiliation made for special studies with Visiting Nurses' Association ( Public Health ) . Each student was allowed to select the held in which she wished an affiliation. June, 1922 Stipend paid to students reduced as follows: S10 per month for the last 9 months of first year. SI 2 per month for second year. $15 per month for third year. Vacation periods for students and head nurses changed to 3 weeks instead of 2 weeks. March, 1925 Student stipends as follows: S6 per month for last 8 months of first year $8 per month for second year S10 per month for third year. November, 1928 Miss Watson, Superintendent, inaugurated the custom of conferring black bands on caps of students to differentiate between the classes 40 Grant Hospital of Chicago thus: All-white caps for freshmen given after the probationary period. Narrow black bands on caps for juniors Wider black bands on caps for seniors Until this time the only distinguishing mark on the uniform of an upper classman was the wearing of a 2" x 2" white Maltese cross on the upper left sleeve as an indication that the student had performed her first major scrub in the Operating Room. October, 1929 Affiliation made with Cook County Hospital whereby Grant Hos- pital students received 2 months training in pediatrics and one month in medicine. This affiliation has been retained since that time with the follow- ing changes in the program: March 1931 — 2 months Pediatrics — IV2 months Medicine — one month contagious diseases. September 1932 — 3 months Pediatrics — 1 V2 months contagious diseases. December 1933 — 3 months Pediatries — 7 weeks Medicine — 6 weeks contagious diseases. June 1934 — 12 weeks Pediatrics — 4 weeks medicine — 4 weeks neuro. — 6 weeks contagious diseases. April 1943 — 13 weeks Pediatrics — 6 weeks Contagious Diseases. December 1946 — 13 weeks Pediatrics — 5 weeks Contagious Dis- eases — 8 weeks Psychiatric. February 1930 — same as above but with Psychiatric extended to 12 weeks. During the 1930's a number of students elected to take an affiliation with the Visiting Nurse Association on their own time. 1931 Student chorus organized under the direction of Miss Madi Bacon. January, 1932 Discontinuation of the payments of monthly stipends to new stu- dents. Those already in the school were paid as follows: 2:^ 01 ^ Pz 42 Grant Hospital of Chicago S6 per month for the last 9 months of first year. $8 per month for the second year. S10 per month for the third year. Establishment of the Student Council of Cooperative Government. May Establishment of affiliation with Visiting Nurses' Association for graduate students in exchange for one month of free service to the hospital upon completion of the Y.X. study. 1933 All student stipends discontinued. The Board of Directors voted to establish a SSO tuition fee for new students. Due to over-supply of nurses the nursing school was closed against the entrance of new students. The aim of this was to enable the hospital to give more work to graduate nurses in place of using students. Thus there was no graduating class in 1936. 1934 Tuition: S^O plus individual purchase of uniforms and books. September, 1936 Tuition fee raised to SI 00, including cost of uniforms, but student bought her own books. 1938 Students on 8-hour duty daily with 2 half-days off weekly. (48- hour week.) February, 194U Aptitude tests given to potential students for the first time. Tuition $118 included cost of uniforms, but students bought own books. 1941 Tuition raised to $133 — same conditions as above. Students' Nursing Education Establishment of the Dr. and Mrs. Michael Streicher Award of Merit given to a member of the graduating class who had proved to be the "best all-around student with outstanding proficiency in ward reports." September, 1943 Grant Hospital participated in the U. S. Cadet Nurse Corps pro- gram. Under the Governmental plan the student was given her choice of location for specialized training during the final six months of her course. She could decide whether it was to be a Government hos- pital or in the regular curriculum of her own hospital. Tuition raised to S143 — conditions as above. 1944 Tuition raised to S204.7 : > — all inclusive. March, 1945 First mid-year commencement ceremonies. Up to this time both the September and the January classes held only one commencement per year — usually in the Spring of the year. 1946 Tuition S230 — all inclusive. Establishment of the Dr. and Mrs. Michael Boley Award to the junior student who had the best record of efficiencv in obstetrical nursing. 1947 First presentation of the Emily Goehst Memorial Award given by the Service Club of Chicago to the graduating senior who had "given the best nursing service in the baby clinic of the out-patient depart- ment." March, 1948 Tuition S23S — all inclusive. Establishment of the Marie Anne Perusse Award given by Dr. G. L. Perusse, Jr. in memory of his mother, presented to the graduating senior on the basis of genera] excellence in scholarship and nursing Students' Nursing Education 4S ability plus personal popularity with the members of her class. First presentation of the Albert F. Madlener Memorial Award, given by the Woman's Auxiliary to the graduating senior for outstanding abilitv in the out-patient service. Cook County affiliation now to include a study in psychiatry in ad- dition to the student's experience in pediatrics and communicable diseases as heretofore. State of Illinois lowered the age limit to 1" years for students enter- ing schools of nursing. (Former minimum age had been 18 years. ) May, 1949 Dr. Perusse created three awards (instead of one : A prize given at commencement time to a member of each class for the qualifications as specified in his original single pres- entation. 1949 Tuition $26 ^ — all inclusive. February 14 — all students on 44-hour weekly service including hours in classroom work. March 1 : all students ( except senior class of this year | adopted new uniforms of striped blue and white with coverall apron and bib. (Sec chapter on Uniforms.) November Announcement made by the National Committee for the Improve- ment of Nursing Services that the Grant Hospital School for Nursing had been rated as a member of the upper 259$ of the schools in the countrv for excellence in curriculum and nursing education. Allowance of 2 weeks' sick leave granted during 3-year period of training. 1950 Sick leave for students extended to 21 days during the 3-year course. Four weeks vacation granted per year. January, 1951 All graduate nurses on a 41 ' .. hour week. UNIFORMS OF STUDENTS AND GRADUATES OF THE GRANT HOSPITAL OF CHICAGO AS WORN FROM 1896 TO THE PRESENT TIME Uniforms of Students and Graduates 49 1896 When the German Hospital of Chicago established its own Train- ing School for Nurses in September 1896 ten of the "Warterinen" (sick nurses) of the Bcthesda Training School came to join the first class. Of these ten, six were already graduate nurses. Thus the uni- forms worn at the Bethcsda School became, temporarily at least, the uniforms of the new school. However, they were not uniforms in the accepted meaning today, for not one was made identical to the other. The only real similarity lay in the fabric used in dress and apron. Narrow blue and white striped cotton material made the dresses, white Pequot sheeting the aprons. The fabric had to be purchased from the hospital but the making of the dress was left to the taste of the individual. Thus old photographs of those days show the nurses of the same class wearing dresses with leg-of-mutton sleeves, with long full bishop sleeves, with % length sleeves, ruffled pleated wristbands, etc. Necklines too showed infinite variety; pleated ruches, small turn- down collars, upstanding stiff collars, collarless surplice necklines, etc. Although the full length shirred aprons were all cut similarly, these too reflected individual choice for many were elcgantlv adorned along their lower edges with deep hand-crocheted laces. The caps were somewhat like the household "dustcap" of those days; puffed and shirred onto a ruffled base but worn perched atop the head. By 1897 the German Hospital specified just how the nurses' dresses were to be made and uniform costumes were introduced and fur- nished free by the school. Probies wore their regular clothes during probation period. The uniforms were standardized — a snug, form- fitting bodice and full gored skirt made the dress. Full length aprons were shirred with broad waistbands and ties. High necklines were finished with a stiff clerical collar, called a Bishop's collar (detachable) similar to a churchman's collar. Long tight sleeves ended in a stiff 5-inch white cuff, also detachable. Caps were of the "sugar loaf" type, stiffly upstanding little poufs of organdy set upon a band of fluting or ruching. Separate square bibs were now added to the apron, attached to shoulder straps worn crossed in back. 1904 Photographs taken in 1904 show German Hospital nurses dressed for outdoor wearing over their striped uniforms a wrist-length cir- cular cape of gray wool with a turn-back collar of black velveteen. On Uniforms of Students and Graduates S\ their heads they wore a flat cap-like arrangement of gray fabric from the back of which hung a drapery of gray silk which reached just be- low the shoulder. 1911 In 1911 the senior students asked to be allowed to change the school cap to resemble the style of that worn by Miss Nina Dale, then Su- perintendent of Nurses, a request which was granted. The cap which was adopted was a straight band of starched white attached to a shal- low bonnet-like back which came fairly low on to the back of the head. 1912 In 1912 the high stiff collar was discarded and for a brief period (From April 1 to October 1 ) a large fichu-like kerchief was worn which eliminated the wearing of the separate square bibs. After October, however, a lower roll collar was introduced on the uniform, still stiff, but lying flatter against the base of the throat. The square bib was again used in conjunction with the apron. 1917-1926 From the pictures of classes from 1917 through 1926 we see that the collars of uniforms were roll collars, broad at the shoulder and tapering to a narrow "V" at the front fastening. 1927 The class of 1927 in their graduation pictures wore high collars, snug and tight, with a little turnover cuff at the top edge. However they were individualists it seems, for the students' uniform was changed from striped fabric to a dress of solid blue cotton — a medium blue, almost a Royal. With this was worn a long pointed collar ending at the front dress fastening with three pearl buttons. Three-inch cuffs trimmed the short sleeves in summer or the long sleeves in winter. November, 1928 The Director of Nurses, Mary Watson, inaugurated the custom of conferring black bands for the caps of students to differentiate between the classes. White caps were given after the probationary period. At the start of the junior year students wore a narrow black band outlining their caps, at the beginning of the senior year they wore a wider black band. Upon graduation the nurse wore an all white cap (as today). 1931 The apron, in 1931, was a long straight-line butcher-type which buttoned to the dress in front just below the collar and "wrapped" around the body, to tic in back. The black hand on the student's cap denotes senior chss status, while the all-white is worn by a graduate. Uniforms of Students and Graduates 1938 This uniform was worn until September 1938 when the all-white uniform (without apron) was adopted when Miss Elizabeth Wivel was head of the nursing school. For the first six months of her training the student nurse wore her own "civilian" clothes since she spent her probationary or prc-clinical period mainly in the classroom. After cap- ping ceremony which terminated these first six months, she then donned an all white uniform and cap. The student wore short sleeves on her uniform, and upon graduation had long sleeved ones. 1940 In the May 1940 Bulletin of the Alumnae Association the following announcement was made: "Members voted to accept the style of cap as the official Grant Hospital cap similar to our present cap in that the shape is the same but instead of being held together with pins, there are six small pearl buttons in the back. This makes it possible to fold the cap in only one way. We plan to have everyone wearing the new caps at the gradu- ation exercises to be held June 3, 1940. This will be the official Grant Hospital cap and all Grant graduates no matter where they are en- gaged in nursing, are urged to adopt the new cap at this time." Footwear —1896-1930 From 1896 well into the 1930's the standard footwear of all nurses consisted of black shoes and stockings. This applied to graduate nurses as well as student nurses in Grant Hospital until the class of 1912 inaugurated the wearing of white shoes and stockings by grad- uate nurses only. However, about 1924, student nurses were allowed to wear white footwear during the summer months. The wearing of black footwear by students continued, however, until white footwear was adopted by all students throughout their entire course, except during the first six months' probationary period. 1949 In 1949 with the entrance of a new class on February 17, the stu- dent uniform again reverted to the blue-and-white striped cotton. Full-length gored aprons and bibs of white match the collar and cuffs on the dress. The distinction between the preliminary student and the more advanced lies in the fact that no bibs are worn during the first six months of training. When a student receives her cap after six months probationary period, she also adds a bib to her apron. A graduate nurse wears an all white uniform with long sleeves. THE ALUMNAE ASSOCIATION OF THE GRANT HOSPITAL OF CHICAGO Graduation Exercises. Alumnae Association PRESIDENTS OF THE ALUMNAE ASSOCIATION 1904 — 1905 Lydia Geffert 1906 — 1907 Lydia Geffert 1908 — 1909 Frieda Koch 1910 — 1911 1912 — 1913 Laura Roth Bitter Nov. 1914 — Oct. 1915 Mary Manney Waldner Nov. 1916 — Oct. 1917 Minnie Pross Kiefer Nov. 1917 — Oct. 1919 Mrs. Mary Waldner Nov. 1919 — Oct. 1920 Miss Mattie Streeter Nov. 1920 — Oct. 1921 Miss Elsie Biesterfeldt Nov. 1921— Oct. 1923 Miss Frances Boeckelman Nov. 1923 — Oct. 1925 Miss Norma Gloor Nov. 1925 — Oct. 1929 Miss Frances Post Nov. 1929 — Oct. 1937 Mrs. Filla K. Tierney {Di~A 1937) Nov. 1935 — Nov. 1936 Laura Tegge — Acting President Dec. 1936 — Oct. 1937 Elsie Biesterfeldt, Acting President Nov. 1937 — Oct. 1939 Elsie Biesterfeldt (Died 1950) Nov. 1939 — Oct. 1941 Margaret Karsten Mihula Nov. 1941— Oct. 1945 Frances Maystadt Capos Nov. 1945 — Oct. 1951 Hazel Small Jones HONORARY MEMBERS Minnie Pross Nina Dale Friedman (Dec* 1929 Mary Watson Jessie Guinn (Dec* 1940) 58 Grant Hospital of Chicago Ever since its founding in 1903 the Alumnae Association has been a potent force in Grant Hospital, an organization which has contrib- uted much, not only in money and gifts but in spirit and cooperation with the ever-expanding aims and ambitions of the hospital. Gifts and contributions have been numerous. In the nurses' residence is a handsome grandfather clock, given in 1925, only one of many gifts, a constant and timely reminder of the graduates' interest in their school. Gifts to the nursing school include scholarships for needy students, teaching models of a skeleton, an ear and an eye. Scales for the Ma- teria Medica class were provided by the alumnae; furnishings for the students' library as well as many books were donated; a sewing ma- chine for the use of students; a public address svstem for the audi- torium. These are but a few of the mam donations made. Large sums have been given over the years for certain specific uses within the hospital; for the Building Fund, the Hospital Development Plan, books in the Medical Library. Their generosity has extended outside the hospital too. There have been regular contributions to the In- fantile Paralvsis Fund, to First District's TB cottage at Naperville, Illinois; to the Red Cross and the Community Fund. Through their own Endowment Fund, sick members have been taken care of at the hospital under the terms of an agreement as described later in this chapter. Scholarships for members were inaugurated as early as 1927 when a SI 00 scholarship was established for a summer course in post-grad- uate nursing at the University of Chicago. Many others have been awarded regularly since that time. One in May 1933; two in June 1934; one in 1935; another in 1936; two in 1937; one in 1938; also in 1939, 1940 and 1941. Founded 1903 The Alumnae Association of Grant Hospital was organized No- vember 27, 1903 as "The Alumnae Association of the German Hos- pital Training School for Nurses." Its object: "to procure and main- tain an endowment fund for sick members of the association." Incorporated 1908 It was incorporated October 2, 1 908 with the following original charter: Alumnae Association 59 1. The name of such corporation is The Alumnae Association of the German Hospital Training School for Nurses. 2. The object for which it is formed is to procure and maintain an endowment fund for sick members of the association. 3. The management of the aforesaid Association shall be vested in a board of five Directors, who are to be elected. 4. The following persons are hereby selected as the directors to control and manage said corporation for the first year of its cor- porate existence, viz.: Martha Becker, Fanny Burning, Minnie Pross, Lorena Schantz and Lissette Sonnenshein. 5. The location is in the city of Chicago, in the County of Cook, in the State of Illinois, and the postoffice address of its busi- ness office is at No. 754 Hamilton Court in the said city of Chicago. 1908 Affiliation made with American Nurses Association. Affiliation made with Illinois State Association of Graduate Nurses. 1912 Affiliation made with First District Association of Illinois State Asso- ciation which had been organized during this current year. Bertha Brown, first Grant Hospital nurse to take the Illinois State Board examinations, passed and became the first registered nurse of Illinois to wear the G. H. pin. May, 1915 Offer to endow a room at the hospital for use of graduates. Sum to be $3000. 1921 Endowment Fund of $3000 given to the hospital for the purpose of paying for hospital care of sick members of the association. By March 1929, this had been increased to a $10,000 Fund. 60 Grant Hospital of Chicago March 28, 1922 Endowment and Sick Benefit Agreement Between Grant Hospital of Chicago and the Nurses Alumnae Association For the purpose of taking care of the members of the Alumnae Association in case of sickness, etc. the Association desires to pay the Hospital and establish an Endowment Fund, at all times to be and remain the property of the Hospital. The Association has already paid to the Hospital, on account of said Endowment Fund the sum of $3,000 (three thousand dollars) and the Association hereby obligates itself to, in the shortest period of time within its means, pay to the Hospital additional sums ot monev until the Endowment Fund reaches the sum total of $10,000 (ten thousand dollars). The total amount to be paid each year, by the Association to the Hospital shall be not less than an amount equal to six percent per annum on the unpaid portion of the total Endowment Fund, as of the first dav of January of the year for which the interest is being com- puted so that the Hospital may receive income on the entire Endow- ment Fund of not less than $10,000. Against the annual income so received by the Hospital on the entire Endowment Fund, at the rate of 6% per annum, there is to be charged the total value of the services rendered by the Hospital to the mem- bers of the Association, each year under this agreement and the dif- ference, or surplus, if any, to be placed to the credit on the indebted- ness of the Association, and such surplus or excess in no event re- funded to the Association. All charges of the Hospital to be made on the basis of the usual established rates of the Hospital less an al- lowance of 25%. To receive the benefits under this agreement, members of the As- sociation must procure and present to the Hospital proper certification by the authorized representatives of the Association and members must have been ill five days and must have held membership on the Asso- ciation not less than two months. In case of illness, members of the Association arc to be given the use of a private room to the extent of six weeks per year per sick member for surgical and medical care but only such maternity and obstetrical care as the Committee on Nurses of the Hospital and the duly authorized representatives of the Association may deem members entitled thereto. Alumnae Association 61 Requests for benefits beyond those herein provided are to be sub- mitted by the Association to the Board of Directors of the Hospital for decision. When the amount of $10,000 has been fully paid in, a private room shall be endowed m the name of the Association. (Signed) Grant Hospital R. S. Blome, Chairman of Committee on Medical Staff Internes and Nurses. Frances Dunn Boeckelman, President Alumnae Association of Grant Hospital February 18, 1930 "The Chairman of the Committee on Medical Staff, Internes and Nurses reported that the Alumnae Association has completed its agree- ment by having paid in $10,000 that a room has been named for said Association and that said Committee recommends to the Board of Directors that said Association be entitled to receive services by the Hospital without charge, to the extent of not exceeding $600 per annum on the basis of 75% of the usual charges and on further basis that members of the Association occupy rooms or other accommoda- tions at not exceeding the established hospital rate of $6 per day and that said Association pay to the Hospital on January 10 of each year for services rendered by the Hospital to the Association in excess of S600 during the preceding vcar on the basis stipulated." March 1, 1923 By-Laws amended to conform with those of the First District Asso- ciation of the Illinois State Association of Graduate Nurses. First Amendment On March 1, 1923 the following Constitution was adopted: ARTICLE I The name shall be changed to "The Alumnae Association of the Grant Hospital of Chicago Training School for Nurses." ARTICLE II Section 1. To promote unity and good fellowship among the grad- uates of this school. 62 Grant Hospital of Chicago Section 2. To advance the interest of the Grant Hospital of Chicago Training School for Nurses. Section 3. To extend aid to those in trouble and to establish a fund for the benefit of any sick among our members (See Article VI on Benefits). Section 4. To cooperate with the First District Association of Illi- nois State Nurses Association and the American Nurses Association to work for the promotion of the professional and educational advance- ment of nursing. ARTICLE HI Section 1. The Officers of this Association shall consist of a Presi- dent, a Vice President, a Recording Secrctarv, Corresponding Sec- retary, a Treasurer, and Three Directors. Section 2. These eight Officers shall constitute a Board of Directors. December, 1924 First benefit bazaar held by the Alumnae Association at Belmont Hotel. $3,000 profit. Of this $1,000 was given to Grant Hospital Building Fund and $2,000 was given to the Alumnae Association En- dowment Fund. December, 1925 Present grandfather clock as a gift to the Nurses' Residence. June, 1926 Recommend the establishment of a 12-hour day for private duty nurses — $7 per day of 12 hours or $8 per day of 20 hours. May, 1927 Bv this time $7,500 had been paid into the Endowment Fund. December Bazaar held at the Nurses Residence for the benefit of the Endow- ment Fund. March, 1929 Final payment made and the SI 0,000 Endowment Fund was com- pleted. Alumnae Association November 11 In Armistice Dav ceremony bronze memorial tablet was installed in the lobby of the hospital listing the names of nurses who had served in World War I. November, 1931 Spurred by a request from an Alumna in financial distress asking for a loan, the Alumnae Association decided to start upon the nucleus of a loan fund. On this date held a food sale from which S269.46 was realized. April 1933 Gift of SI 00 scholarship fund for worthy students to enter our nursing school, to start a nucleus of a Loan Fund for student nurses. June, 1934 Donations by the senior class and Leona Kiburz made possible a gift of $32 ^ which was to be entrusted to the Alumnae Association for supervision. This was to be known as the Lulu Cronkhite Me- morial Fund, named in honor of Lulu Cronkhite, former Assistant Superintendent of Nursing who had recently died. The plan was for the Fund to be added to wheneyer possible to be loaned to graduate nurses who wished to further their nursing education. September The first Lulu Cronkhite Loan Committee was appointed consisting of Veronica Brcnnan and Elsie Becker. December, 1936 Establishment of the 8-hour day. February, 1937 Announcement was made by the Cosmopolitan State Bank, where the Alumnae Association had deposited their funds, of plans for reor- ganizing, re-opening, and paying 40 ( .'r on all deposits. This plan was accepted by the Alumnae Association. Alumnae Association becomes member of Nursing School Council of Grant Hospital to act as adyisorv body on the Nursing School policies. 64 Grant Hospital of Chicago January, 1939 With the acceptance of the Blue Cross Plan for Hospitalization for employees of the hospital, the Endowment Fund was closed to new members. 1940 Benefit concert netted $1,100. February, 1941 Alumnae Association becomes an organizational member of the central Council for Nursing Education. 1941 On December 11, the following amendment was adopted: RESOLVED: That the name of this corporation be changed to 'The Alumnae Association of the Grant Hospital of Chicago School of Nursing." (See complete copy at close of this Chapter of Bv-Laws and Amendments as adopted at this time.) February 7, 1942 Benefit dance and card party at Edgcwater Beach nets $600 profit. February 12, 1944 First benefit card party given at the nurses' residence. $591 profit. February 16, 1945 Dance ("Heart to Heart Hop") given in nurses' auditorium — net profit $350. April 1945 Second benefit card party. $531.50 profit. March, 1946 Third benefit card party. $629.34 profit. February, 1947 Offer two scholarships to Grant Hospital graduates for post-grad- uate study: Alumnae Association 65 1. Course in OB at Lying-in 2. Course in premature cases at Michael Reese April 1947 Present gift of public address system for use m auditorium of resi- dence. May, 1947 Receive Florence Nightingale Memorial brick, from the London residence of Florence Nightingale, the home she occupied from 1865 to 1910. Presented to Grant Hospital through Mrs. Hazel Small Jones of the Alumnae Association by the Council of the British College of Nurses, Ltd. at the time of the Quadrennial Congress of the Interna- tional Council of Nurses which was held in Atlantic City. This was the only American hospital to receive such a memento. November, 1947 Student representation at the regular Alumnae meetings was inau- gurated. Letters were sent to the presidents of each class asking them to send representatives to each meeting whereby the undergraduate could become acquainted with the aims and activities of the alumnae body. This practice has been continued up to the present. April 1948 Fourth annual benefit card party — net profit $1,000. Present $250 scholarship to nursing school for needy student who may wish to enroll. 1949 Scholarship money given to Nursing School to be incorporated into a Loan Fund. February, 1949 Fifth annual benefit card party — net profit $1,007. February, 1950 Sixth annual card party given- net profit $1074.32. BY-LAWS of the The Alumnae Association of the Grant Hospital of Chicago School of Nursing Organized November 27th, 1903 Incorporated October 2nd, 1908 Amended March 1st, 1923 Amended December 11th, 1941 Amended 1948 68 Grant Hospital of Chicago BY-LAWS Article I Name The name of this organization shall be "The Alumnae Association of the Grant Hospital of Chicago School of Nursing." Article II Object Sec. 1. To promote unity and good fellowship among the grad- uates of this School. Sec. 2. To advance the interest of the Grant Hospital of Chicago School of Nursing. Sec. 3. To cooperate with the First District Association of the Illi- nois State Nurses Association and the American Nurses Association for the promotion of the professional and educational advancement of nursing. Article III Membership Sec. 1. Membership shall consist of five classes, viz.: Active, Asso- ciate, Non-resident, Life, and Honorary. Sec. 2. Active Members. Graduates from the Grant Hospital of Chicago School of Nursing who are registered and in good standing in the nursing profession, residing in Cook, Lake, or DuPagc Counties in Illinois, shall be eligible to active membership. They shall pay full dues and shall have the right and privileges of the First District of Illinois State Nurses' Association; also of the Illinois State Nurses' Assocation and the American Nurses' Association. Sec. 3. Associate Members. Graduate nurses of the Grant Hospital of Chicago School of Nursing, who for reasons satisfactory to the Board of Directors, do not desire active membership may be received as associate members. They shall have the rights and privileges of Active members in all matters pertaining strictly to the Alumnae As- sociation, including committee work. They may not hold office, or become members of the Board of Directors, nor vote on matters con- cerning the First District, State or National organization. Sec. 4. Non-resident Members. Graduates from Grant Hospital Bylaws 69 of Chicago School of Nursing who do not reside in Counties Cook, Lake, or DuPagc shall pay the same fees and enjoy the same privileges as Associate members. Sec. 5. Life Members. Graduate nurses of the Grant Hospital of Chicago School of Nursing may become Life members on the payment of One Hundred Dollars (S 100.00). Any member of the Alumnae Association of Grant Hospital of Chicago School of Nursing who has paid dues for twenty-five consecutive years becomes a Life Member. All Life members shall have the rights and privileges of Active mem- bers in all matters pertaining strictlv to the Alumnae Association, with the exception that it does not include membership in any District, State, or National Association. Sec. 6. Honorary Members. Honorary membership may be con- ferred on persons who have rendered service to this Alumnae Associa- tion by a two-thirds vote of the organization, the same having been recommended by the Board of Directors. Sec. 7. Nurses desiring to become members of this Association shall fill out an application form provided by the Association and shall send same with the initiation fee and dues for the year to the Record- ing Secretary of the Association. Admission shall be by a two-thirds \ote of the Board of Directors. Article IV Elections Sec. 1. The voting body shall consist of the Active Members of the Association. Sec. 2. The officers and the other members of the Board of Direc- tors shall be elected by ballot by mail before the Annual Meeting, a plurality shall elect. In the odd numbered years, a President, a Treas- urer and two Directors shall be elected. In the even numbered vcars, a Vice-President, a Recording Secretary-, a Corresponding Secretary, and one Director shall be elected. Article V Duties of Officers and Board of Directors Sec. 1. The officers of this organization shall be: President, Vice- President, Recording Secretary, Corresponding Secretary, and Treas- urer. These officers and three Directors shall constitute the Board of Directors, who shall manage and control the affairs and finances of Grant Hospital of Chicago the organization, except as otherwise provided for in these By-Laws. They shall report to the First District Association of the Illinois State Nurses' Association as may be required by the Board of Directors of the State Association. Upon recommendation of the Board of Directors and confirmation by a two-thirds vote of the organization an assessment may be made on the membership of such sum as shall be necessary to meet any emergency. Sec. 2. The President shall preside at all meetings of the organiza- tion and of the Board of Directors. She shall appoint the chairman and members of all committees, not otherwise provided for in these By-Laws. She shall be cx-officio a member of all committees. She shall approve all bills before paid by the Treasurer. Sec. 3. The Vice-President shall perform the duties of the Presi- dent, in her absence or inability to serve. She shall be chairman of the Social Committee. Sec. 4. The Recording Secretary shall keep the minutes of the Association and of the Board of Directors. She shall receive and present all applications for membership to the Board of Directors. She shall keep an accurate, classified list with the name and address of each member. On the first day of February she shall take from the roll of members the names of all whose dues have not been paid. She shall notify all officers of their election and committees of their appointment. She shall send to the Secretary of the First District Association the names and addresses of all officers immediately after their election; also a correct list of all Active members in good stand- ing on the first day of February. Sec. 5. The Corresponding Secretary shall order all stationery and printing as recommended by the Board of Directors. She shall send out all notices of meetings and assist the Recording Secretarv and Treasurer as directed by the Board of Directors. Sec. 6. The Treasurer shall collect all dues, shall pay all bills on warrants signed by the President and Secretary, and keep a record of all monies received and expended. She shall notify all delinquent members two weeks before the first day of February that their good standing in the Association expires unless their dues be paid by that time. Not later than the fifteenth of February in each year she shall pay to the Treasurer of the First District the annual fee of Four Dol- lars and Seventy-five Cents ($4.75) per capita for active members on the basis of membership on the first day of February. Bylaws 7 1 The Treasurer shall deposit all monies in such bank as shall be selected by the Board of Directors to the credit and in the name of this Association; and such monies shall be withdrawn from such bank only as herein provided. The Treasurer may be bonded or insured for such sum as the Board of Directors shall direct; the expense of said bond or insurance to be paid bv the Association. The accounts of the Treasurer shall be audited at least once each year, either by a committee of members of the organization or bv a certified accountant. Sec. 7. The fiscal vcar shall be from annual meeting to annual meeting. See. 8. Any vacancy on the Board of Directors shall be filled by the remaining members of the Board until the next annual meeting. See. 9. If any Board member absents herself from three consecutive meetings without acceptable excuse her position on the Board shall be declared vacant. Sec. 10. The regular term of officers shall commence at the adjourn- ment of the annual meeting at which they were elected, and they shall serve until their successors are elected and qualified. Sec. 11. All officers upon retiring from official dutv shall turn over to their successors in office, all money, accounts, records, books, paper. and other property belonging to the Association within ten days of the annual meeting. They shall also take an inventory of all property in their possession and take a receipt from their successors in office. Sec. 12. All delegates and alternates to the First District, State, and National Association meetings or conventions shall be elected by a vote of the Association. Reimbursement of expenses of delegates and alternates shall be met from the treasury cf the Alumnaj Associa- tion in full or in part, as the treasury will permit. ARTICLE VI Dues and Finances Sec. 1. An initiation fee of two dollars ($2.00) shall accompany all applications for membership. Sec. 2. The annual dues of active members shall be Seven Dollars and Fifty Cents ($7.50 ) due and payable at the annual meeting. This sum includes dues to Alumnae, First District, State, and American Nurses' Association. 72 Grant Hospital of Chicago Sec. 3. The annual dues of Associate and Non-resident members shall be Three Dollars ($3.00) payable at or before the annual meet- ing; and does not include membership in District, State, or National Association. Sec. 4. Members received into the Association after the June meet- ing shall be exempt from further dues until a year from the follow- ing November. Sec. 5. Any member whose dues arc not paid by February first must pay a reinstatement fee of One Dollar ($1.00). Sec. 6. The Endowment Fund established in March, 1922, as a sick benefit, has been automatically closed. The closing of this En- dowment Fund shall not be retroactive on members in good standing. Sec. 7. Sums of money not to exceed Fifty Dollars (S 50.00) may be loaned to any member of the Alumnae Association for a period of six months with 3% interest by a two-thirds vote of the Board of Di- rectors. Said loans shall be upon written request filed with the Treas- urer. If the loan is approved, the applicant will be required to give her personal note with an additional signature of a responsible person. ARTICLE VII Meetings Sec. 1. The annual meeting of the Association shall be held on the first Monday of November, at which time all officers and chairmen of committees shall give annual reports. Sec. 2. The regular meetings of the Association shall be held on the first Monday of each month, with the exception of July and August. Sec. 3. Should the regular meeting day fall on a holiday, the Board of Directors may change the date when ample notice shall be given. Sec. 4. Special meetings of the organization may be called by the President or by the written request of seven members. Sec. 5. The first regular meeting of the Board of Directors shall be held within ten days of the annual meeting. Thereafter once each month within ten days of regular meetings. Sec. 6. Special meetings of the Board of Directors may be held at the eall of the President or upon the written request of five members of the Board. Bylaws 73 ARTICLE VIII Quorums Sec. 1. Three officers and fifteen members shall constitute a quorum at the annual meeting. Sec. 2. Two officers and ten members shall constitute a quorum at any regular meeting. Sec. 3. Three officers and ten members shall constitute a quorum at a special meeting. Sec. 4. Three members of the Board of Directors shall constitute a quorum at any meeting of the Board of Directors. ARTICLE IX Committees Sec. 1. There shall be five standing committees of not less than three members each, viz.: Nominations, Courtesy, Program, Social, and Membership. These committees shall be appointed by the Presi- dent within one month after the annual meeting with the exception of the Committee on Nominations, which shall be elected from the floor at the October meeting. Sec. 2. The Committee on Nominations shall prepare a ticket for each annual meeting, consisting of one or more names for candidates for each office to be filled. Said candidate shall have consented to serve if elected. Sec. 3. The Courtesy Committee shall report the illness of any member and shall be responsible in the matter of expression of sym- pathy and congratulation by letters and cards. The Board of Directors may give the Courtesv Committee power to act in cases of emergency. Sec. 4. The Program Committee shall arrange for the programs at all meetings during the year. Sec. 5. The Social Committee shall arrange for light refreshments at any of the meetings, when voted by the Board of Directors. Sec. 6. The Membership Committee shall contact potential mem- bers within thirty days of finishing date and acquaint them with the work of the organization and invite them to membership. The names of all potential members shall be reported to the Board of Directors. 74 Grant Hospital of Chicago ARTICLE X Amendments Sec. 1. The Articles of Incorporation or these By-Laws may be amended at any regular meeting, adjourned session thereof, or special meeting called for that purpose, by a two-thirds vote of the members present and voting, previous notice having been given and a quorum being present. ARTICLE XI Parliamentary Authority Roberts' Rules of Order, Revised, shall be the authority of this Alumnae Association in all matters not specified in the articles of incorporation, By-Laws, or standing rules. ARTICLE XII Memorial Fund The Lulu Cronkhite Memorial Fund shall be controlled bv the Board of Directors. Application for a scholarship loan, not to exceed One Hundred Dollars ($100.00) may be made to this fund. If granted by the Board of Directors, they shall have absolute control. Order of business: Standing Rules Call to Order Reading of Minutes Reports of Officers Reports of Committees Communications Unfinished Business New Business Adjournment (At annual meeting election of officers) Standing Rules 1 . The Board of Directors may give the Courtesy Committee power to act in eases of emergency Bylaws 75 2. The Membership Committee shall contact potential members within thirty days of finishing date and acquaint them with the work of the organization and invite them to membership. 3. An invitation shall be extended to the senior class to attend the May meeting of the organization. 4. Order of business: Call to Order Reading of Minutes Reports of Officers Reports of Committees Communications Unfinished Business New Business Adjournment (At annual meeting election of officers) 5. Classes in Parliamentary Law shall be held every other year for Alumnae members and students of the School of Nursing. 76 Grant Hospital of Chicago AMENDMENTS ADOPTED IN 1949 Present Bv-hws Revised By-Laws Article III. Section 7 — Last sentence: Admission shall be by a two- thirds vote of the Board of Di- rectors. Article IV. Section 1 : The voting body shall consist of Active Members of the Associa- tion. Section 2: In the odd numbered years, a President, a Treasurer and two Directors shall be elected. Section 3 : In the even numbered years, a Vice-President, a Recording Sec- retary, a Corresponding Secre- tary and one Director shall be elected. Article IX. Section 1 — Next to last word: October Section 2: Said candidates shall have con- sented to serve if elected. Admission shall be by a major- ity vote of the members present at anv regular meeting. During those months when no regular meeting is held admission by a 2 A vote of the Board of Direc- tors. The voting body shall consist of all members of the Association. In the odd numbered years, a President, a Recording Sccretarv, a Treasurer, and one Director shall be elected. In the even numbered years, a Vice-President, a Corresponding Secretary and two Directors shall be elected. September Add: "These names to be pre- sented to the October meeting." War Time Nurses 7" GRANT HOSPITAL NURSES WHO SERVED THEIR NATION DURING WAR TIME In World War I Clara II. Anderson Carol Blomberg Bertha Brown Winifred Brown Mary N. Dobson Anna Dnerwaechter Frances A. Dunn ''Alma M. Krickson Grace E. Griff en Lillian Ilankcy Martha A. Harmon Edna M. Hottinger Lydia R. Kauth Gertrude K. Manning Ethel M. Miller Bertha S. Mueller Lillian O'Kainen Emma Pauschcrt Belnap Frances K. Post 'Emma Si week Powers Dorothy Rome Mary A. Rose Alma A. Smerling Mattie Strecter Ida O. Suchy Belle van Sehoick Florence E. Waters deceased 78 Grant Hospital of Chicago GRANT HOSPITAL NURSES WHO SERVED THEIR NATION DURING WAR TIME Those Who Served in World War II Alice Buckle Mildred Busch Elsie Bushbeck Doreen Bailey Pauline Bergion Elizabeth Christie Ellen Claire Marion Clark Ethel M. Carlson Christina Davis June E. Dixon Gloria S. De Lyle Mary E. Danck Myrtle Dyer Marjorie Filipek Harriet Finch Blossom Kischmann Charlotte Foy Mary Heinen Bonnie Haggard Lois Irene Haag Frances R. Holt Ruth Hall Evelyn Haig Florence Howard Beatrice Irwin Ruth Ivey Lydia Jokela Mary Jansscn Virginia Johnson Olive Kuchn Fields Virginia Kottmeicr Margaret Kraemcr Phyllis Kuchn Cclia Kelder Cordelia Lampc June Ledig Florence Lichtcnebeit Grace Maetka Marian Morris Marjory Morris Ina Nafziger Genevieve Nitch Doris E. Olson Catherine Panko Lorraine Pillote Othelia Paajenen Elsie Regner Ina Raisencn Marcella Ring Emogene Rumme) Dorothy Shuman Ruth Stell Martha Safford Eleanorc Scholz Frances Schaser Olivia Stolz Caroline Scharf Viola Stein Lois Taylor Phyllis Tonkin Frances Tremper Rosana Wclscr Mildred Wells Helen Wise Helen Wright Ruth van Westrienen Delores Zuclkc PRIVATE DUTY SECTION Private Duty Nurses 81 PRIVATE DUTY NURSES 1896 When the German Hospital of Chicago established its own nurses' training school in 1896 it was part of the duty of senior students to accept duty in private homes as part of their training program. 1898 However in 1898 the hospital established its own Nurses' Registry with 17 graduate nurses on the list. From that time on only graduate nurses were sent out of the hospital for private services. Such service was a 24-hour per dav period though in most instances the people for whom they worked allowed them a few hours off each dav*. The fact remains that the private duty nurse was on 24-hour call. When serving a patient in the hospital, the private duty nurse slept in the same room with her patient and snatched what rest she could. 1910 In 1910 the hospital established a 20-hour day as official within the hospital's sen ice. 1912 In 1912 the hospital's Nurses' Rcgistrv fixed the fee at $5 per day for nursing care. The Board of Directors pledged their willingness to give preference to Grant Hospital graduates whenever possible. 1920 On July 1, 1920 the following schedule of rates and hours was estab- lished for members of the Nurses' Registry: $6 for 12-hour duty $7 for 24-hour duty "These rates are to cover all classes of cases except extremely nerv- ous, mental, alcoholic and drug addicts, for which nurse to make own charge. "Additional patient, $10 a week or $2 per day. If more than two patients, the charge not to exceed $10 per day. "Hourly nursing, $2 for first hour, 50 cents for each additional hour or fraction thereof. 82 Grant Hospital of Chicago "Traveling expenses, including taxicab when needed at night or from stations out of town, to be paid by patient. "Nurses on 24 hour duty should have from two to three hours off duty daily; if up frequently during night, 6 hours off duty daily. "When the order for a nurse is cancelled after her arrival on a case, she is entitled to one day's pay. "Nurses engaged for obstetrical cases and not called at date are entitled to $3.50; half rate for waiting time." December, 1926 Private duty rates established as follows: $8 per 24-hour day $7 per 12-hour day 1927 12-hour private duty day established: $7 per day plus $1.50 for meals. September, 1936 At the annual convention in Danville, Illinois, of the Illinois State Nurses Association, the Private Duty Section reported: "In Rockford, Illinois three hospitals inaugurated in 1934 the 8-hour day as an experiment on the basis of a four months trial. It was soon decided that 'the 8-hour day is here to stay.' How- ever, these past several years many Illinois hospitals have con- tinued to maintain the 20-hour day. "Of 31 hospitals in First District, thirteen still have a 20-hour day in 1936." December, 1936 8-hour private duty day established at Grant Hospital — $5 per day plus 50 cents per meal. 1943 The following regulations and management of the Nurses' Registry of Grant Hospital were adopted by the Private Duty Forum: Private Duty Nurses 83 "It shall be managed by the Private Duty Board of the Private Duty Forum. "The Board shall have full power with the Hospital Admin- istration to settle all complaints or to refuse the privileges of the Registry to an applicant found undesirable. This shall be done with the two-thirds vote of the Alumnae Association and a ten days' written notice with the right of defense having been given. OBJECT "The object of the Directory shall be to cooperate with the Hospital in maintaining its standards and to aid the medical pro- fession and the public in securing care for the sick. ELIGIBILITY "An\' registered nurse of Grant Hospital who can furnish cre- dentials satisfactory to the Board may become a member of the Directory. "Grant Graduate nurses who agree to apply for State Registra- tion at the first available examination may be admitted, if ac- cepted by the Board. "Each applicant for registration must show her State and First- District Registration card upon admission. "Yearly alumnae dues will not be accepted unless current year's Registration card is shown to Treasurer. 84 Grant Hospital of Chicago RULES FOR NURSES "1. Nurses on registering shall state what classes of work they are prepared to accept. "2. Nurses reporting for duty shall be placed at the foot of the list and the Registrar shall send the first one on the list who is reg- istered for the class of work to which the call belongs except- ing cases of personal calls which include patients and doctors. "3. Refusal of any call for which the nurse is registered will place her name at the foot of the list unless satisfactory reason for such refusal be given the Registrar. "4. Nurses arc privileged to register against contagion, obstetrical, mental or alcoholic cases. "5. Any indisposition or illness which would prevent a nurse from responding to a call must be promptly reported. When not exceeding one week a verbal statement from nurse will be ac- cepted. For longer periods, a written statement either from a physician or other persons able to verify illness, shall be sent to the Registrv. Fulfillment of these requirements will entitle nurse to retain her former position on the list until she has had the opportunity of working at least 5 days. "6. The Registry must at all times be able to reach the nurse who is on call. Nurses are encouraged to arrange for daily recrea- tional hours. If for some reason she leaves her home telephone, she must promptly notify the Registrar where she can be reached. "7. Nurses on the list accepting outside calls must notify Registrar promptly. "8. The right is reserved in emergency cases to assign the first nurse who can be reached. "9. A nurse reporting for duty within 24 hours after coming off a short case will be automatically returned to her original place on the list until she has completed five full days. Nurses must show their State Registration card upon admission. "10. Nurses are not allowed to sign against more than one shift un- less approved by the Private Duty Board. Nurses are privileged to ask for alternating shifts. Nurses who are released from duty at three P.M. may have the privilege of having their names placed on the list immediately that they may be called for duty on the following day shift. Private Duty Nurses 85 "11. Nurses needing a second nurse on a case are expected to secure same through the Registry. "12. A nurse at the head of the waiting list may with the knowl- edge and approval of the Registrar give a call to another nurse who has been without eases, taking the latter's place on the list. "13. Nurses on eases where their services arc not needed when they reach there, shall be entitled to a half day's fee. "14. Nurses accepting contagious cases must familiarize themselves with the quarantine rules and regulations of the Health De- partment and are subject to them. "15. All complaints regarding the Registry should be referred to the Private Duty Board. "16. Physicians are earnestly requested to report any negligence on the part of a nurse to the Director of Nurses and the dismissed nurse notified as to the cause of the complaint. REINSTATEMENTS "A nurse who has not been actively engaged in nursing for a period of two years is required to spend six weeks in the Hospital for brush- ing up on new treatments and medicines. This six weeks to be di- vided in the care of Medical, Surgical and Obstetrical patients. The nurse will work an 8 hour day and be privileged to attend classes in session if thev so desire." 1942-1945 "Under stress of war time conditions private duty nurses embarked upon "group nursing"; i.e. taking care of 2 patients simultaneouslv. December, 1945 The following fees were decided upon: S8 per 8-hour day 510 per 8-hour day handling 2 patients 511 per 20-hour day in private homes. September, 1949 It was voted to transfer the management of the Registry from the hospital (where it had been handled since its inception) to the Nurses' Professional Registry at the First District Illinois State Nurses Asso- ciation. 86 Grant Hospital of Chicago THE PRIVATE DUTY FORUM OF THE ALUMNAE ASSOCIATION OF GRANT HOSPITAL OF CHICAGO SCHOOL OF NURSING was organized April 5, 1943 BY-LAWS PRIVATE DUTY FORUM OF THE ALUMNAE ASSOCIATION OF GRANT HOSPITAL OF CHICAGO SCHOOL OF NURSING. ARTICLE I NAME Section I. The name of this organization shall be "THE PRIVATE DUTY FORUM of the ALUMNAE ASSOCIATION of GRANT HOSPITAL of CHICAGO SCHOOL of NURSING." ARTICLE II MEMBERSHIP Section I. Membership on this Forum shall include all Private Duty Nurses who are members of the Alumnae Association of Grant Hos- pital of Chicago School of Nursing. ARTICLE III OFFICERS Section I. The Officers shall consist of a Chairman and a Secre- tary. Hie term of office shall be two years and all elections shall be by ballot, the Chairman being elected in the odd numbered years and the Secretary elected in the even numbered years. Section II. There shall be a Board of Directors consisting of the Officers, two Delegates and two Alternates. One Delegate and one Alternate to be elected each year for a term of two years. The Chair- man of each Standing Committee shall be appointed from among the Board of Directors. Section III. All Officers shali assume rhcir duties at the close of the Annual Meeting which shall be held the first Monday in December. Section IV. Am- member of the Board of Directors absenting her- self for three consecutive meetings without legitimate excuse shall have her place declared vacant. Private Duty Nurses 87 ARTICLE IV BUSINESS COUNCIL Section I. The Business Council Meetings called by Eirst District shall be attended by the two Delegates or the Alternates. In the event the Alternates arc not available the Chairman shall have the power to appoint Alternates pro-tem. Section II. These Delegates or Alternates attending the Business Council Meetings at First District shall give a report to the Forum on the business transacted. ARTICLE V DUTIES OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS Section I. (A) The Board of Directors shall keep a constant super- vision of the affairs of the Forum and devise and mature measures for its growth and prosperity. (B) Shall appoint the members of the Standing Committees. (C) In case an office becomes vacant, the Board of Directors shall fill the vacancy for the unexpired term. (D) All matters of grave importance which cannot be satisfac- torily settled in the regular meeting of the Forum shall be referred to the Board of Directors for consideration or adjustment. Section II. The Chairman shall preside at all meetings of the Forum, appoint all committees not otherwise provided for, cast the deciding vote in all cases of ties, except those of officers, and shall be ex-officio member of all committees. Section III. In the absence of the Chairman, the Secretary shall preside at the meetings and attend the duties of the Chairman. Section IV. The Secretary shall keep complete minutes of the pro- ceedings of the Forum and the Board of Directors and read them for correction and approval. She shall notify all officers of their elec- tion, committees of their appointment, send notices of the time and place of all meetings and conduct the general correspondence of the Forum. She shall also act as Treasurer. She shall notify a Board mem- ber who has been absent from three meetings that she is no longer a member of the Board of Directors. Grant Hospital of Chicago ARTICLE VI COMMITTEES Section I. There shall be three Committees of not less than three members as follows: (A) Program and Arrangements Committee (B) Nominations Committee (C) Revisions of Rules Committee. Section II. The Program Committee shall work in conjunction with the Program Committee of the Alumnae Association. Section III. The Nominating Committee shall prepare a ticket for each annual meeting consisting of two or more candidates for each office to be filled. The ballot shall be read at the regular November meeting. Voting shall be by ballot at the annual meeting in De- cember. The Chairman shall appoint Tellers to count the votes. Section IV. The Committee on Revisions of Rules shall prepare all proposed amendments which shall be in the possession of the Chair- man and Sccrctarv at least two weeks before being voted on. ARTICLE VII MEETINGS Section I. The Annual Meetings shall be held the first Monday in December. Section II. The regular meetings of this Forum shall be held on the first Monday of each month with the exception of July and August. Section III. Special meetings of the Korum may be called bv the Chairman or three members of the Board of Directors. Section IV. The date of the Annual Meeting or any subsequent meeting may be changed temporarily by the Board of Directors if necessary. ARTICLE VIII QUORUM Section I. One Officer and six members shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at any regular meeting. Section II. One Officer and ten members shall constitute a quorum at any annual meeting. Section III. One Officer and two members shall constitute a quo- rum for a Board Meeting. THE WOMAN'S AUXILIARY OF THE GRANT HOSPITAL OF CHICAGO 90 Grant Hospital of Chicago PRESIDENTS OF THE WOMAN'S AUXILIARY OF THE GRANT HOSPITAL OF CHICAGO Mrs. John H. Weiss 1911 through 1914 Mrs. Henry Bartholomay Jan. 1915 through Jan. 1928 Mrs. Charles H. Bohling Feb. 1928 through 1930 -Mrs. Henry Bartholomay Jan. 1931 through 1938 Mrs. Frank S. Porter Jan. 1939 through 1944 Mrs. Charles H. Wacker Jan. 1945 through 1947 Mrs. Albert F. Madlener, Jr. Jan. 1948 . . . No history of Grant Hospital would be complete if it did not in- clude a record of the many services which have been rendered the hospital throughout these many years by the Woman's Auxiliary. It was a group of fifteen women who founded this organization on March 9, 1911. They named it "The Ladies' Auxiliary of the Board of Directors of the German Hospital of Chicago"; its object "to assist the Board of Directors in raising funds and all other things in which said Board may find its services needful or beneficial for the success- ful operation thereof." The original fifteen founding members, as disclosed in the early records were: Mrs. William Anderson Mrs. Robert T. Kochs Miss Harder Miss Katherine Lefens Miss Elsa Hennc Mrs. Fridolin Madlener Mrs.- Gustave Hesscrt Mrs. William H. Rehm Mrs. George Jaeger Mrs. Otto Schmidt Mrs. William F. Jucrgens Mrs. William A. Seipp Miss Amelia Birk Mrs. Zoehrlaur^ Mrs. Jacob Birk The By-Laws were drawn up and adopted October 3, 1911. On March 6, 1912 the name was changed to "The Woman's Aux- iliary of the German Hospital." The first large benefit sponsored by the Auxiliarv was a concert on October 19, 1913 bv Seotti and Ferrar which netted a profit of $12,000. Of this $9,000 was promptly turned over to the hospital for whatever use the Board of Directors decided. The results of the * Honorary President since 1940 Woman's Auxiliary 91 concert also made possible the purchase of an X-Ray machine, one of the first in the city. Many of the early endeavors to raise funds centered around the large and impressive Christinas bazaars held each December. From 1917 through 19^0, with only a few years' exceptions, these were an- nual events. Most of them were held in a hotel over a two-day period. On several occasions one-day sales were held in the home of some member of the Auxiliary. The merchandise offered for sale repre- sented the vear-long endeavors of the membership, for the women executed all manner of handworked articles — embroidered household linens, infants' wear, negligees, tovs, foodstuffs, aprons, dolls and fanev goods. Stratcgieafiv dated to tempt the Christmas shopper, the fame of these bazaars spread widely and manv people waited from year to year to do their gift buying at these events. Their suc- cess can be judged bv the sums realized. The smallest amount ever collected at any one such sale was $2,869; the largest S24,676. The grand total from the ten sales held during this period was $204,098. Although fund raising was specified as the ultimate aim, social sen- ice too entered the consciousness of the Auxiliary membership. It was in 1920 that the first Infant Welfare Clinic was opened in the hospital's out-patient department. It was sponsored by the Auxiliary and manned by volunteer workers to assist the medical director and nurses. There are today still a number of members who have served continuouslv and regularlv in this clinic since its inception. The out- patient too is served by members who roll bandages, prepare dressings and aid in the clerical work. By 192 9 when plans were underway to build the nurses' residence, the Auxiliary was able to turn over more than SI 00,000 to the Build- ing Fund. Upon completion of the residence thev spent almost $10,000 more in furnishings and decoration. Benefit card parties have become a tradition with the Auxiliary. The first one was held in 1920 and it has been a yearly Spring event almost without interruption since that time, always a financial as well as a social success. The first rummage sale was held in April 1929. Until 1937 this event was always held in the Spring. But beginning in 1937 it was scheduled for October and has been held at this same time of year ever since. Profits have varied from S96S upwards. The highest amount thus far realized was in 1946 when a profit of $2,635.41 re- sulted from the sale. In 193] the Patients' Library was organized, a service planned for 92 Grant Hospital of Chicago the pleasure and convenience of the convalescent patient. Originally staffed and operated by volunteers the popularity of this free service has grown greatly. An average of 6,000 books have been distributed over a period of a year. These include popular fiction, philosophical and historical works, travel, etc. A number of foreign language books are also included: German, Greek, Hebrew, Italian and French. To- day a full-time librarian is in charge of this service. One of the outstanding sources of the Auxiliary's fund-raising has been the Coffee Service inaugurated in 1937. Located in a room adjacent to the entrance of the hospital it is open to the public as well as to the personnel of the hospital. When started in 1937 it was open only one day a week, serving coffee and doughnuts. For some years now it has been open from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. every day except Sundays. The menus have been augmented to include sand- wiches, pastries, coffee and in the summer cold fruit drinks. Gifts of scientific equipment made by the Auxiliary over the years are too numerous to mention individually. During the past year alone they have included a basal metabolism table, camera and fluoroseope for out-patient department, microscope, oxygen tents, an electro- cardiac machine. A considerable sum has been given to the Loan Fund, to be made available to girls unable to pay for their education in the nursing school. Cash prizes arc given each year to an outstand- ing member of the graduating class. A sum of money called the Emergency Fund is maintained in the out-patient department to be used by the director of that department whenever need arises. Until the past year the Auxiliary included a Sewing Group, a small circle of members who came to the hospital each Monday afternoon during the winter months to sew on various linen needs of the hos- pital. Each year, during these comparatively brief periods, hundreds of dozens of linen items have been prepared. In 1945 a Remembrance Fund was established, the donations to this to be used in the many charitable projects with which the Auxiliary is associated. The Baby Alumni Fund established in September 1949, enrolls for a nominal sum any baby born in the hospital. The money accumu- lated in this fashion is used in the maternity department. Since its founding the Woman's Auxiliary has turned over almost half a million dollars to Grant Hospital to be used for charitable pur- poses in the out-patient department, for the purchase of scientific equipment, for the furnishings of special rooms or in the nurses' resi- dence — in short for whatever good purpose the Board of Directors have deemed necessary and helpful to the well-being of the hospital. Woman's Auxiliary 9^ CHRONOLOGICAL OUTLINE OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE WOMAN'S AUXILIARY March 9, 1911 First meeting to organize the Ladies Auxiliary with 1 5 founding members. October 3, 1911 Drew up and adopted the By-Laws. March 6, 1912 Name changed to "The Woman's Auxiliary of the German Hospital." October 19, 1913 First benefit affair — joint concert of Seotti and Geraldinc Farrar — net profits SI 2,000. Present X-Rav machine to hospital. One of the first in the city. February, 1915 Benefit Charity Ball at Germania Club — net profit SI 364,4". May, 1915 Charity Booth at May Festival brings in S8,000. October, 1915 Benefit concert— Kurt-Casals, nets $8,000, November, 1915 Charity- ball at the Blackstone — nets S971. Agree to furnish all linens and bedding according to estimates made by Superintendent of hospital. February, 1917 Dance at the Congress Hotel — nets $578.75. Organize the Sewing Group. 94 Grant Hospital of Chicago December 4-5, 1917 First Christmas Bazaar at the home of Mrs. William A. Seipp, nets $15,968.82. December 3-4, 1918 Christmas Bazaar at the home of Mrs. William A. Seipp, nets $15,111.45. December 4-5, 1919 Christmas Bazaar at the Parkway Hotel nets $24,524.44. Donate $6,000 from this immediately to the hospital. September 21, 1920 Establish Baby Clinic in Out-Patient Department with volunteer help by members under medical direction of Dr. George Edwin Baxter. First benefit card party. November 29-30 Christmas Bazaar at the Parkway Hotel nets $24,676. December 5-6, 1921 Christmas Bazaar at the Parkway Hotel nets $17,117.67. December, 1922 Christmas Bazaar at the Parkway Hotel nets $18,613.10. December 5-6, 1923 Christmas Bazaar at the Parkway Hotel nets $17,211.81. 1924 Benefit concert nets $751, for the Building Fund. This combined with $42,605 collected and added to $51,600 ac- cumulated through various benefit events brought The Woman's Aux- ilary contribution to the Building Fund up to almost SI 00,000. Donate $9,692 for furnishings in the new Nurses' Residence. December 8, 1925 Christmas Bazaar at the Parkway Hotel nets $19,520.47. Woman's Auxiliary 95 May, 1926 Establish a scholarship for Grant graduate for post-graduate work at the University of Chicago. December 21 Benefit performance of ''The Follies" at the Illinois Theatre nets $12,602.48. December 27, 1927 Benefit performance of "Criss Cross" at the Erlanger Theatre nets $13,308.22. December, 1928 Christmas Bazaar at the Drake Hotel nets $21,437.84. April 1929 First rummage sale nets $1,721.56. November 19 Christmas sale at home of Mrs. Albert F. Madlener nets $1,000. April 1930 Rummage sale nets $1,499.03. December 9 Christmas Bazaar at the Drake Hotel nets $16,148.25. January, 1931 At the annual meeting of the Auxiliary the membership is informed that during the 20 years of its existence almost S 300,000 have been raised by various benefits, sales, parties, etc. March Patients Library is organized. Donations of books asked for. Nu- cleus started with 240 books. Within the year 760 books were cata- logued. April Rummage sale nets $1,380.38. 96 Grant Hospital of Chicago May 5 First card party nets $492.65. June Donate $2,000 for the purchase of an electrocardiograph. November 19 Card party — first to be held in the nurses' residence — nets $993.75. February, 1932 Establishment of the Emergency Fund for the medical needs of indigent patients in the out-patient department — to be administered with the discretion of Hazel Small Jones, director of the department. March 1 Benefit piano recital — Mrs. Albert F. Madlcncr, Jr. and Miss Char- lotte Smith— netted $965. April Rummage sale nets $677. 34. December 6 Christmas Sale in home of Mrs. Frank S. Porter nets $2,442.91. April 5, 1933 Card party nets $792. April 27 Rummage sale nets $568.89. June Vote a $50 award to be given each year to an outstanding student in the graduating class. December 6 Christmas sale at the home of Mrs. Otto Schmidt nets S3, 16 5.88. Woman's Auxiliary 97 March 7, 1934 Card party nets $824.15. May 3 Rummage sale nets $715. December 10 Second card party of the year nets $2,248.50. April 1935 Theatre benefit "Life Begins at 8:40" nets $5,503.21. December 9 Christmas Bazaar at the Fortnightly Club nets $4,800.69. January, 1936 At the 2 5th annual meeting it is announced that the total amount of money raised by projects of the Auxiliary — Christmas sales, card parties, rummage sales, concerts, theatrical performances, etc. — add up to $323,917 over the 25 years since the Auxiliary's founding. April 27 Card party nets $859.75. Punch Board S2, 186.58. Patients Library now has 1,375 books. December Sale of Christmas cookies nets $558.07. April 1937 Gray Ladies' Service — under Red Cross — started at Grant. One of 11 hospitals in the city. Establishment of the Coffee Service — open only Thursday after- noons. May Card party nets $1,097.05. 98 Grant Hospital of Chicago October Rummage sale nets $1,107.84. December Sale of Christmas cookies nets $501.60. Net proceeds from first year's coffee service — from April to Decem- ber — amounts to $365.80. In 1938 the service was expanded to serving Monday and Thursday afternoons. By April, 1939 when six-day per week service was inaug- urated the yearly proceeds amounted to $1,295. By 1947 the annual profits exceeded the $5,000 mark. October, 1938 Rummage sale nets $831.40. December Card party nets $1,200. October, 1939 Rummage sale nets $655.64. November Benefit performance of Katherine Cornell in "No Time for Com- edy" nets $4,795.79. During this year the Patients' Library had grown to 1,900 volumes. May 6, 1940 Card party nets $963.03. October Rummage sale nets $841.07. February 19, 1941 Theatrical benefit — opening of "Fantasia" — nets $4,092.70. May 19 Card party nets $1,102.2 5. Woman's Auxiliary 99 October 16 Rummage sale nets $992.73. December 24 Auxiliary incorporated under State laws of Illinois. May 18, 1942 Card party nets $1,293.26. October 15 Rummage sale nets $818.18. May, 1943 Card party nets $1,642.64. October Rummage sale nets $1,464.59. May 9, 1944 Card party nets $2,041.95. Auxiliary member, as chairman of the Library Committee, takes Public Library course in order to reorganize the Patients' Library and place it upon a sound basis as regards types and proportions of dif- ferent varieties of literature to be included on its shelves. October 12 Rummage sale nets $2,319.69. May 15, 1945 Card party nets $2,350.69. October 11 Rummage sale nets $1,733.92. November 6 Auxiliary holds first tea to honor the volunteer workers. Gifts of 100 Grant Hospital of Chicago silver given to the two holding the highest record of hours of service donated. Establish the Remembrance Fund for which donations of money ;ire accepted in memory of deceased relatives or friends. March, 1946 Paid librarian is employed to take over the work in the Patients' Library. May 9 Card party nets $2,635.41. October 10 Rummage sale nets $2,135.04. February 2, 1947 Benefit concert — Larry Adlcr and Paul Draper — at Orchestra Hall nets $6,363.27. May 8 Card party nets $1,637.30. Establish two scholarships of S250 each — one for a Freshman and one for a Sophomore. October 9 Rummage sale nets $2,563.36. January, 1948 Hold tea to honor volunteer workers. February Accept in the name of the hospital the Emily Gochst Memorial Milk Laboratory, built and equipped by the Sen ice Club of Chicago who gave it in memory of Emily Gochst, a former president of the Service Club and a member of the Woman's Auxiliary who had been active for many years as a volunteer worker in the Bain- Clinic. Establish the Albert F. Madlener Memorial Award to be given to Woman's Auxiliary 101 the graduating student who has shown special proficiency in her work in the out-patient department. May 13 Card party nets S3, 150.75. October 7 Rummage sale nets S2,244.30. January, 1949 Hold tea to honor volunteer workers. May 12 Card party nets $2,437.74. September Establish the Baby Alumni Association for infants born in Grant Hospital who arc enrolled for a small fee. The accumulated money to be used for work in the maternity department. October 6 Rummage sale nets SI ,844.88. January, 1950 Hold tea to honor volunteer workers. May 3 Card party nets $2,649.82. Oct 5 Rummage sale nets $2,084.00. November 15 Tea held to honor the volunteer workers. 102 Grant Hospital of Chicago ORIGINAL BY-LAWS OF THE LADIES' AUXILIARY OF THE GERMAN HOSPITAL ADOPTED OCTOBER 3, 1911 ARTICLE I NAME, OBJECT AND MEANS Section 1. The name of this association is "The Ladies' Auxiliary of the Board of Directors of the German Hospital of Chicago." Section 2. The object for which this organization is formed is to help and assist the Board of Directors of the German Hospital of Chicago in raising funds and all other things in which said Board may find its services needful or beneficial for the successful operation thereof. Section 3. The means of this organization shall be secured by regular contributions of its members, bv collections and by other methods devised by the Board of Directors. ARTICLE II MEMBERSHIP Section 1. Any female person of good character who obligates her- self to pay annual dues of at least five dollars ($5.00) may become a member of this association. Section 2. The annual dues arc payable to the treasurer on admis- sion of membership and on the first day of January of each calendar year thereafter. Section 3. Members who fail to pay their annual dues by the end of the calendar year for which they arc due shall lose their member- ship. ARTICLE III OEEICERS OE THE ASSOCIATION Section 1. The Board of this organization shall consist of fourteen (14) members to be elected annually. Section 2. The officers of this organization shall be elected by the Board of Directors annually at the first annual meeting of the Board immediately following the annual meeting of the organization and shall consist of a President, Vice-President, Treasurer and Secretary. All officers are to be selected from the members of the Board of Directors. Woman's Auxiliary 103 Section 3. Vacancies in the Board of Directors shall be filled by the remaining members of the Board until the next annual election. Section 4. The officers of the organization shall constitute an Ex- ecutive Committee which shall have all the powers of the Board ot Directors whenever the Board of Directors is not in session. A ma- jority of the Executive Committee shall constitute a quorum thereof. The minutes of the Executive Committee shall always be submitted to the Board of Directors at its next meeting. ARTICLE IV DUTIES OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS Section 1. The duties of the President are to preside at all regular and special meetings and to have a general supervision over the work- ings of the organization and the presentation of the report of the standing of the organization at the annual meeting. Section 2. The Vice-President shall assume the duties of the Pres- ident in case of her absence or inability to act. Section 3. The duties of the Treasurer shall be the collection of dues and other incomes of the organization and the payment of neces- sary expenses and requisitions. It shall also be her duty to keep proper books showing the receipts and expenditures and to make reports of the financial standing of the organization at all regular meetings of the Board of Directors and at the annual meeting of the organization and as often as requested by the majority of the members of the Board. Section 4. The duties of the Secretary shall be the keeping of the minutes of all meetings of the Board of Directors as well as all meet- ings of the members of the organization. She shall also attend to all of the correspondence and perform such duties as are usuallv re- quired of the secretary. All bills, expenses and requisitions are to be laid before the Board of Directors for action at any regular or special meeting of the Board. Section 5. The Board of Directors shall have the power to pay and turn over to the German Hospital of Chicago such funds remaining in its treasury in such installments as it may from time to time determine. 104 Grant Hospital of Chicago ARTICLE V MEETINGS Section 1. Annual meetings of this organization shall be held on the third Tuesday of October of each year. Section 2. Ten (10) members shall constitute a quorum. Special meetings may be called by the President or, in her absence, by the Vice-President at her discretion. They shall be called upon the request of three members of the organization within two days after presen- tation of such request. Notices of the annual as well as the special meetings of the organi- zation shall be mailed to all members five days before the date of the meeting. Section 3. Meetings of the Board of Directors shall be held on the third Tuesday of each month of the year. Three members shall constitute a quorum. Special meetings of the Board of Directors may be called by the President, or in her absence or inability to act, by the Vice-President, at any time upon the written request of not less than three members of the Board, such meetings to be called within five days after such request. ARTICLE VI AMENDMENTS TO THE BY-LAWS Section 1. These by-laws may be amended at any regular or spe- cial meeting of the Board of Directors. ARTICLE VII ORDER OF BUSINESS Section 1. The order of business of all meetings of the Board of Directors shall be as follows: 1 — Reading of minutes of last meeting and the minutes of the Executive Committee. 2 — Reports of Officers. 3 — Reports of Committees. 4 — Unfinished business. 5 — Original resolutions and new business. 6 — Adjournment. Woman's Auxiliary 105 Section 2. The order of business at the annual meetings shall be the same as at the meetings of the Board of Directors. Election of the first Officers and Directors of the Ladies' Auxil- iary resulted in the following: Mrs. John H. Weiss Mrs. William C. Seipp Mrs. Louis Schmidt Miss Elsa Henne Mrs. William H. Rehm Miss Amelia Birk Mrs. William F. Juergcns Mrs. F. Madlencr Mrs. Joseph Theurer Mrs. Edward G. Oihlein Mrs. Andrew E. Lcicht Mrs. Albert F. Madlencr Mrs. Carl M. Gottfried Mrs. Gustave F. Fischer President Vice-President Treasurer Secretary Director Director Director Director Director Director Director Director Director Director Of the original membership in the Auxiliary these are still active and follow the activities of the organization with keen interest: Miss Amelia Birk, Mrs. Henry Bartholomav and Mrs. Albert F. Madle- ner, Sr. 106 Grant Hospital of Chicago AMENDMENTS MADE TO THE BY-LAWS November 14, 1913 Article V— Section I to III: changing monthly and annual meeting day from the 3rd Tuesday to the 2nd Friday of the month. January 14, 1915 Number of directors of the Board changed from 14 to 18 January 11, 1918 Number of directors of the Board changed from 18 to 20 January 7, 1927 Number of directors of the Board changed from 20 to 25 January 17, 1929 Number of directors of the Board changed from 25 to 30 December 13, 1931 Number of directors of the Board changed from 30 to 35 Graduates 07 GRADUATES ^iJr^^- /ju^ Class of 1897 Erika Frederickson Catherma Werner Emma Marie Ludiksen Adelina Morton Delia Schneider Deutch Barbara Smith Class of 1898 Augusta C. G. Timm Julia Dietrich Dopp Ernestina Minna Matthews Wick Filla K. Tierney (Dec'd) Class of 1899 Annie Brandt Martha D. Backhus Marie Weichelt Emma A. Geschefsky Clara Bushman Kendall Rose Preuninger Mary Schwirtz Sophie Zindel Minnie Pross Keefer Marie Thiesenhusen Schwartz (Catherine Lvdia Geffert Olive P. Ott Klein Clara M. Lottner Emma Louisa Freiberg (Dec'd) Tolitha Otto Barbara M. Kochendorfer Elizabeth Fleischer Class of 1900 Annie Isabella Schilbach Julia M. Hughes Smith Augusta Schonian Dorothy Schmitz Maria Stobbe Susie Peter Jennie Annette Frantz Martha Kohlhoff Louise Anna Schiefcl ( Dec'd i Anna Schultz Frieda Koch Class of 1901 Christine Hagedorn Marie S. Weiss Tillie Roehrborn (Dec'd) Ottilie Einsporn Martha H. Steinert Wilhelmine Haufman Class of 1902 Louise D. Eggcrt Bredell Class of 1903 Anna Nickel Maria Meyer Dora Buchholz Ida Lingenfelder Schmidt Regina Fetz (Dec'd) Carrie Fried Dora Engelhardt Nicholson Carrie L. Heim (Dec'd) Johanna Krumme Emma Goede (Dec'd) Louise Grieshabcr (Dec'd) Gertrude Kuhnert Lucv Scholz Polly L. Dreger Anna Mueller Rosalie M. Kaech (Dec'd) Class of 1904 Lizzie Boeckmeier Lissette A. Sonnenschein Emma Roternumd Catherine Ncgrich Waller Agnes L. Riebe (Dec'd) Minnie Julia Gust Class of 1905 Alma O. Groth Mathilda L. Holzhausen Mayme J. Johnson Lorena Schautz Henderson Anna F. Sanderson Hattie Giese Hanlon Belle Leitzinger (Dec'd) Class of 1906 Anna K. Duerwaehter (Dec'd) Florence Davis Bertha J. Foss O'Neill May C. Volkhardt White Class of 1907 Rosalind Hauck (Dec'd) Fannie Brunning (Dec'd) Fllenore Stadelman Nase Ida Trapp Class of 1908 Nina Yeihl Amanda Hveltve Love 08 Grant Hospital of Chicago Gertrude B. Fluhr Wilhclmina Last Burbach Elsa Meyer Marie A. Scbissler Payne Laura H. Bixler Class of 1909 Marie Wulf Matilda Strieter Rose Appel Margaretha Cornils Lillian Libia Hankey Amanda Ratbje Frances K. Post Anna E. Ratbje (Dec'd) Hannah Weiand Class of 1910 Mary E. Manney Waldner Evelyn B. Monks Caroline Gemeinbardt Geiger Louise K. Reetz Hill Alfreda S. Lawson Agnes B. Fraenzl Dwyer Louise M. Leppcrt (Dec'd) Class of 1911 Laura A. Roth Bitter Clara I. Morrison Beers (Dec'd) Anna M. Ebel Reynolds Estella Barcal Adams Anna Patton Frances Giger Winifred Brown Bertha Brown Class of 1912 Emma Henningson Ida K. Schoch Alma Smerling Jensen Josephine Meisenbacb Hattie E. Reuckert Dakin Anna Fell Pyatt Mary A. Rose Berkcnstein (Dec'd) Class of 1913 Ida O. Suchv Buch Mary B. Marshall Bernice Carmean Frances A. Dunn Kane Marie Goote (Dec'd) Annie M. Dunlap Le Ila Wilson Worack Anna H. Lorenzen Stein Cornelia R. Millitat Class of 1914 Rose A. Pfann Frcy Ava O. Brvson Graves Belle Van Schoick Lorena L. Muchow Trouchber Helen Brierly Goldbeck Rubv L. Thompson Johnson (Dec'd) Ethel Miller Mary II. Peters Minnie Rvan Class of 1915 Eathel Jarvis Frisque Elizabeth Doyle Seraptia Lambert Amelia Hitzelberger Ellen L. Byrne Kohlmann Maja Sinn Von Veeder Martha Harmon Emma Wilke Gertrude Manning Brechlin (Dec'd) Emma Suveck (Dec'd) Lydia Kauth Walters Class of 1916 Anna C. Koeppel Dorothy M. Rome Carol Blomberg Ruth Irene Murray Grace Griffin Alice Bernard Melz Alma Erickson (Dec'd) Elsie Biesterfeldt (Dec'd) Mary Seehase (Dec'd) Emma Pauschert Belnap Mary N. Dobson Narin Class of 1917 Sophie Violin Martha Pollock Bertha S. Mueller Edna E. MacDougall Noelle Emma Gaede Summers Myrtle Mehring Lydia Schaer (Dec'd) Agnes Nauheimer Vessev Florence E. Walters Clara Anderson Agnes A. Olson Wieland Class of 1918 Charlotte Lange Martha S. Gordon Alma G. Neuman (Dec'd) Edna Hottinger Lillie O'Kainen Emma Stein Bengson Hulda A. Mcisner Rhoda Clark Turnbull Cora M. Stuckemeycr Marguerite Miller Cooper Thyra Halstrom Peterson Hazel Brvson (Dec'd) Edna C. Nelson Graduates 109 Hazel Fitzgerald Mary Dejnek Frances E. Mackie Schelle Elsie Lormis (Dec'd) Jessie Johnstone Dorothy Wenger Margaret Boardman Mandies Elizabeth Ewert Wollmann Lenore E. Heckman Wilson Bertie Mae Powell Class of 1919 Ruth M. Pierson Emmy E. Doederlein Menzel Veronica Brennan Rose C. Sowka Follock Lucille Senton Louise M. Koeppel Edna Senton Entsey Grace L. Divilbiss Marguerite F. Kemp Millard Helen M. Birke Veronica Lammers Ernst (Dec'd) Millie Baldwin Marquis Norma A. Gloor Elizabeth Schultz King Mamie Lawson (Dec'd) Mignonette Scott Theresa A. Ahlhorn Linda M. Gross Bessie F. Brooker Burt Ethel E. Friedman (Dec'd) Bertha S. Thompson Johnson Lula Emma Ternes Wehlau Whalen Class of 1920 Nancy B. Dal ton Murphy Lillian Madden Duffield Martha M. L. Dommersneos Strachen Wilhelmine Bolz Helen Blucher Ottilie A. Richter Sonia H. Revel Anita J. Feser Peterson Senia I. Mikkola Paula Kraus Beulah B. Ward Avery Class of 1921 Cora Mae Donaldson Tresch Marie Selz Braude Hannah M. V. Oetjen Marie Buckley Katherine Fondell Fuelling Anna Kaminske Irma L. Deetjen Heiss Florence Engstrom Wallbank Emma Zimmerman Core\" Sigred C. Norman Esther Peterson Baumberger Lilah B. Protheroe Cremcrius Class of 1922 Clara Tegge Alma Carlson Ruth Adams xMoffatt Maude Awker Loos Lillian Helberg Amelia Kruse Berg Helen Loos Larson Maude Warburton Bessie Wilson Loeffel Helen Ruttle Marquis Class of 1923 Flora Sohn Alma Bruhns Kunze Marie Krings Knutson Ruth J. Needham Anna Roppeter Reese -Marguerite Scanlon Harvey Mayme H. Scranton Hendnson Erma Sohn Helen Sohn Christine Boltwig Kryger Pauline Cheske Hardestv Edith Mabbitt Alice Irene Martin Lester Ellen C. Moore Neff Ona M. Olson Hardy Bertha Zimmerman Glascock Class of 1924 Olga F. Browne Roberts Lillian Mae Clan Larson Mary Connelly Reba Covne Mae R. Hessel Florence Huss Zimmerman Helga Johnson Olson Bessie Lawrence Anna M. Olson Jennie Mvrtle Rav Hattie Rick Louise K. Rix Louise Augusta Stift Mikulski Laura Tee^c (Dec'd) Nellie Whittington Mabel Wickler Murrav Mabel Young Elizabeth Biersdorf Jessie Cochrane Mvrtle Hilma Hanson Helen Alberta Schnurr Class of 1925 Lillian Anderson Marie Berlct Barnct Aim I. Backstrom Johnson Helen C. Bomfield English Grant Hospital of Chicago Lorraine Carmean Blagg Opal Davis Lewis Jenny H. Erickson Frances Elizabeth Fell Florence Goers Geiser Edwina McCormick Harper Olive B. Holmes Young Toini Ikola Hulbert Margaret Hildred Kempc Maninfior (D) Blanche D. Kuehl Blum Marie E. Lambert Kish Margaret Lange Danielson Claudia Laughlin Mary Loufburrow Fern Mertens O'Brien Esther E. Noel Ewing Margaret Huldah Oetjen Gladys J. Penrose (Dec'd) China Belle Richards Banton Ida E. Rix Geneva Rutherford White Edna Zeilinger Bredwell Class of 1926 Hildegarde M. Sommers Moderi Thelma Tagtmeyer Schumakcr Azaline Pepin Swanson Louise Fisher Davis Hohmann Elsa Messinger Kathryn E. Adams Athanas Neva E. Sharpe Helen M. Johnson Schoch Margaret R. Jernigan Dwyer Lucille M. Porter Frances E. Malcolm Bean Loretta Cecelia Logsdon Hazel Small Jones Ruby Marcia Starr Johnson Tecla Harriet Burke Corinne McCaffree Barthorpe Darley M. McGee Bennett Mvrtle Julia Forslund Addie Plowman Speck Dorothy McClure Neese Evelyn W r underlich Childs Katherine Faris Thomson Gertrude Malonev Roushorn Hazel M. Parks Mary McCrudden Ball Thursia Roxanna Vanderwal Class of 1927 Lisa Wilson Armstrong Lillian Waltcnate Katherine Lucia Corbett Parkhill Hildegarde Kcichnigcr Kentwortz Fern McCrcrry Mvrtle Sanderson Morgan Ellen Burn* Irene Rundlc (Dec'd) Gertrude Gordon Lipson Dorothea Latta Koehler Rosa M. Newmark Alice A. Fanning Downie Edna Eckstein Marie L. Gerten Josephine Stocco Douglas Man Waters Palmquist Grace Schluckebier (Dec'd) Elizabeth Moffatt Weber Mary M. Trulley Mary K. McClanahan-Marianacci Edna Tibbins Vesta Lawson Masterson Marie M. Vandenv;il Mary McLaren Leona C. Groth Class of 1928 Beatrice E. Borden Hobbs Ethel N. Olson Margaret Walsh Alma Sullivan (Dec'd) Mildred II. Smith Frances M. Thilk Elizabeth Bell Stamp Elizabeth Froesc Gyda V. Tracey Marie Scheynost Joss Alzina Miller Reich'enbach Laura B. Zwerg Ursula Tubutis Coffin Christina Tallon Masson Grace D. Stair]) Braun Anna R. Johnson Ncimi Thelma Free Thomson Gertrude Dalhouse Elsie M. Becker Alice E. Rowe Lona Firnstahl Gwendolyn McKissic Catherine Wagner Gunda A. Holdcn Thicdc Antoine Keller Huldur Zurfluh Perlman Amv Rvan Georgesow Ruth Birthright Heritage Use Braun Esther Schrocdcr Doctor Class of 1929 Nora French Dorothv Bahlow Dcrr Edna L. Wallin (Dec'd) Eleanor L. Fritz Ruth A. Wilson Marie Schmidt Schoeningei \gncs Wilson Edith Dudley Jacobs Velma V Covell Dale Graduates 111 Emily J. Street Yale Leona V. Cline Tschetter Florence I. Erickson Marion E. Knapp Bent Agnes J. Shew Grace H. Stevens Noeltc Esther L. Fetter Helen M. Skinner Dowey Evelyn L. Peters Mary E. Dixon Alice E. Gove Anderson Esther E. Andrews Ethel A. McCann Mingus Catherine M. Regner Frey Mary J. Nordhus (Dec'd)" Lancey A. Sabetay Margaret Hatch Laper Elaine Flagstadt Rose Maxine E. Nixon Stauffer Class of 1930 Linnea D. Johnson Rose Ycndt Genevieve Louise DeLong Hazel M. Cline Lennartson Bernicc Jones Fern Becker Marie Schreiner Toezze Edvth Mlada Othelia E. Paajanen Olive L. Grant Steevc Mary Elizabeth Putnam Zuber Lenorc Louise Munson Showers Hazel Kohl Beatrice Bornholt Ruth L. Zuber Dorothea Miller Emily Gruber Irene M. Dining Dorothea D. Eaton Anderson Marguerite Lvnn Blanche Parish Hilda Croft Evelvn Florence Elliott Eden Mildred M. Frank Ida Mclntvre Ruth L. Vevia Rose Class of 1931 Irene E. Lievan Gladys Culp Mae O'Malley Dorothy Esthel Murphy Nora. S. Parson Ellen Peterson Elizabeth Fleming Luella Hoffman Olson Mvrtle Hensley Cainc Lillian Luga Hall McComas Elaine D. Pike Lila Stenson Hintz Mvrtle Strutz Hill Mildred Flood Ruth Bickert Soldwish Dorothv E. Cline Byrnes Marv Catherine O'Reilly Georgean Rothlisberg Lorraine C. Schaffner Romayne Evans Juanita Shepperd Bonnie Z. Haggard Ethel Margaret Carlson Renstrom Frances I. Nonnemacher Kenward Eloise Rothlisberg Koken Ruth V. Morgan Mabee Olga K. Tangen Shoeniackcr Class of 1932 Verna G. Ford Florence Lindholm Walter Ethel Dawson Hewins Alice M. Buck McKibbon Linnea H. Rosene Dennis Helen L. Dehn Harris Ina Jewell Brown Gallagher Mildred Surridge L. Bernece Leischner Engleuth Liselotte Schaab Eunice N. Werner Kathryn Boaidman Harriett M. Hewitt Hilma L. Carlson Newby Matilda II. Petzke Wendt Laura Jean Logan Leta M. Van Lanken Karin B. Carston Nelson E. Borghild Bogcr Larsen Maxine M. Karr Mandel Aurella A. Proulx Frances M. Ross Adeline M. Emmerling Lucille Kirschner Ball Mildred L. Gartner Wells Leah F. Harju (Dec'd) E. Viola Stortors Langos Class of 1933 Belva Schwartz Howard Florence Ruff Shawcroft Lorraine W. Thurow Himmel Eleanor B. Mueller Birgerson Marie A. Erlhoff Reichert Catherine L. Fogelsanger Lillian L. Archer Etherton Paula E. Tanda Martha E. Elder McMullen Clara J. Hannon Edmonds Sara M. Bender Rohr Elizabeth M. Bender Pipkin Lydia M. Jokela 112 Grant Hospital of Chicago Thelma M. Patterson Gallik Ruth E. Van Westrienen Roche Bernice Reichenbacher Minerva Prescott Gruder Juliette M. Quandahl Szalay Sylvia Lois Logan Charlotte V. Drew Sandberg Ilerta Klank Leona M. Duranleau Julia H. Smith Fisher Delia M. Brown Powell Class of 1934 Helen M. Swihart Muriel E. Goetze Webb Ardath Landes Virginia E. Johnson Elsie Regner Jean H. Trester Mary J. Colderbank McGee Hazel L. Sharpe Eisler Kathryn F. Kaiser Mary Louise Kuehl Streiehcr Barbara E. Bruck Kerwin Alice Alwin Eleanore Kempe Viola L. Forsberg Margaret Karsten Mihulla Lois I. Peterson Gorbv Hildegardc Kesterke Miller Evelyn Tiger Powers Viola F. Saucr Barclav Marion Virgil Carolvn Regner Stratton Frances E. Johnson Madsen Hazel Merry man Lida Harlow Krack Evelyn Oulman Anderson Ruby M. O'Learv Agnes Christine Dining Class of 1935 Ruth I. Hall Ruth Forsburg Elenora R. Thurow Kharasch Lucille M. Carlson Johnson Dorothv L. Dewing Perkins Lorraine Blakelv Weber Ethel E. Smith Roeth Mary Lerner Gerstel Celia Kcldcr Marie McComb Zcbbs Marjoric R. Wills Hutchison Bonnie M. Cortum Fcrrcll Elizabeth M. Rockcnbach Tigerman Clara E. Segcrt Class of 1936 No Graduating Class Class of 1937 Ruth B. Stell Sheldon Frances M. Tremper Howard Willette Wiganowsky Klaskey Mildred A. Busch Adelyn S. Baker Pilchman Dorothy Crawford Jean Charpier Mosow Cora L. Clauson Burnette Margaret Graber Break Alice Krueger Kleve Cora E. Lord Adkins Ruth E. Kirkpatrick Straut Annys T. Lemon Martin Gertrude E. Lockman Anderson Eleanor Moldaner Lund Frances Maystadt Capos Genevieve R. Oulman Keane Clara Jeanne St. Onge Viola A. Stein Class of 1938 Elizabeth L. Brown Julia Jean Brown Alice Broeker Fisher Marion L. Clark Jean Cecala Pendergast Veronica J. Cinders Kidder Dorothy M. Davis Mullee Blossom Fishman Violet J. French Sprague Madalvn Glascow Covle Mary Gerba Ellen F. Gardner Dunning Bculah F. Hensley Hole Florence A. Hevwood Burckhardt Dorothv L. Hagcn Swihart Ethel H. Mills Bower Jeanne I. McGowen Pendergast Roberta Moffitt Edholm Helen Meyer Brotman Erna Prusait Irene F. Pruess Wise Mary E. Stine Danek Sally M. Samargia Culbcrtson Barbara M. Scollard Caroline L. Scharf Eleanore J. Scholz Martha H. Safford Doris E. Seitz McGrath Dorothea G. Thomas Hanson Alice C. White Juanita K. Wurl Sears Marjoric T. Locb (Dcc'd) Class of 1939 Helen M. Appelt Walters Dorothea Bohman Elsie L. Bushbeek Graduates 113 Irene B. Carlson Elizabeth Christie Brown Lillian R. Culbertson Tolmy Christina Davis Echo V. Davis Merle Grace Eerrcll Thompson Madeleine A. Gross Drvdcn Helen O. Hall Wickes ' Gladys Hansen Gulbrandsen Phvllis R. IIardesty Ruth Hango Vail ' Ruth Ivey Eleanor Kincaid Markey Hazel K. Klein June L. Ledig Laura Lundberg Maher Elizabeth Wilson Marble Zelpha Doris Peasley Plain Lillie Mae Smart Lindrath Delia F. Stanaway Bates Constance Reynolds Wilcox Class of 1940 Alice }. Buckle Lillian A. Clark Walton Mary K. Ewbank Price Jean E. Kennedy Evelyn J. Kittcnnan Mildred Malkovich Horn Katherine F. Panko Ina M. Raisancn Dorothy D. Shuman Violet M. Stohl Phyllis M. Tonkin Sarauskv Pauline Bargion Virginia Elliott Kottmeier Mary J. Hines Lorraine H. Reincke Hoban Class of 194 1 Mary Helen Anderson Charlotte Beecher Young Marjorie Blackert Henthethur Geraldine C. Brown Doreen F. Bailey Elizabeth Davidson Lewis Charlotte M. Foy June M. Featherstone McNeil Bette M. Gabrielson Johnson Ethelmac Harris Scott Helen L. Heinen Hrejsa Man C. Heinen Lundin Gloria M. Jansen Damm Pearl E. Kellv Marion E. Lagerholm Skau Helen Cordelia Lampe Tcanncttc Martcll Schocnbcrgcr Grace Mactkc Jane B. McCullough Strcdcr Marjorie Jane Morris Jane Julia Meyer Doris Elizabeth Olsen Edith Anna Ren Helen Shank Solander Bcrnicc E. Stevens Pauline Tuech Maricnfeld Lois Geneva Taylor Class of 1 942 Mildred Fojtik Bernicc Lokay Hicks Genevieve V. Nitch Sara I. Olson Dorothy M. Parkinson Helen Pudiak Anna Fayc Swanick Suzanne Bethman Taber Evelyn M. Cleveland Haig Frances R. Holt Eleanora M. Bendl Miloch Jean M. Bocher Johnston Marjorie Filipek Lois I. Haag Helen L. Hobcrg OHara Shirley M. Hosking Sweeney Jo Marie Houv Phyllis M. Johnston Mary Anne Kirk Olive M. Kuehn Field Phyllis H. Kuehn Bespalete Helen Malgai Haake Marian Morris Alexander Ina M. Nafziger Lorraine M. Pilotte Edwards Lucille M. Rieschl Emogene A. Rummel Frances J. Schaser Dorothy Silas Nafziger Carol D. Thomsen Rosana E. Welser Helen V. Wright Class of 1943 Marjorie C. Engel Klutman Joyce H. Henfer Dassey Florence Howard Mary C. Janssen Eleanor L. Kilwy Booth Margaret A. Kraemer Pearl J. Lesperance Gena Belle Smith Jarrel Maxine Wheeler Evangeline W. Adler Pollard Anna Bozanich Gloria E. DeLyle June E. Dixon Jeanne H. Doremus Pankev Harriett E. Finch Gladys M. Gardella Spreitzcr Marie L. Geislcr Eggleston 14 Grant Hospital of Chicago Eleanor I. Gustafson Holm Phyllis J. Hurley Donna S. Juranek Lyndell II. Licht Florence L. Lichtenebert Clement Jeanne P. Osborn Giles Kathleen Price Gilman Luella Marjoric Ray Fern B. Ryan Virginia L. Turner Klucikowski Ivah M. Wiltrout Delores V. Zuelke Lucille Miller Youngman Clarice J. Stanchina Asp Otler Class of 1944 Lorraine Berlmger Knstof Mar\ Ycsunas Brandt Shernock Gladys Louise Christian Muriel Christenson Yonk Mary Elizabeth Evans Lila Alvira Felland Callahan Kathrvn Louise Field Daly Emma Friola Bernice M. Gregory Stuckcy Arlean L. Gruenberg Beverly Frances Gusterine St. Pierre Amanda Haugo Thoe Margaret V. Leudtke Lilian Janet McArthur O'Dell Marianna Louise Macrino Donna Jane Mcng Louise Moulin Jocelyn Olds Isabelle Wilson Parsons Joan Radebaugh Dolton Suzanne Helen Schneider Irene Tobey Schlanger Phyllis Slivensky Doris Jeanne Starring Agnes M. Stern Kaiden Phyllis Stewart Haehncl Emily Lottie Tyskowski Ann Therese Tyskowski Kreske Genevieve Jean Updegraff Laura Vcrvers Helen Francis Vrzak Schilling Jane Bates Weege Margaret L. Hughes Wheeler Lois Ruth Wright Leeds Class oi 1945 Emily Joan Barth Gaughenbaugh Genevieve Bishop Rhodes Mildred Costelow Boelter Lauretta Jane Dobbert Pechacek Amelia M. Hayenga Kopsa Marion Doro'.hy Henrietta Dolores Inman Campbell Florence E. Jones Nicolai Marion Dorothy Jurgcns Mary Etta Lmclgren Bremmcr Teresa Man Mahler Sylvia Nikkila DeCesarc Catherine E. Schiclke Hall Edythe Schwetz Lorraine Estella Stephey Nelson Alice Rachel Thompson Anna Cecelia Tresness Irene Lois Williams Bernice Norma Armalas Wmfred Thias Beilke Candiotta Angelina S. Casette Valentino Barbara Lou Chapman Norma Dean Doh Dorothy Margaret Endrc Kcttcrhager Audrey Rose Fahrner Enid Stella Gunther Schroedcr Ruth Hartman Johnson Gloria Wadiene Hoffman Irma Lilly Karlson Anna Marie Kaufman Katherine Kendall Catherine Joan McFadden Gladys Zella Majors Sheila Quin McHugh Antonsen Marion Opfer Phvllis Maxine Parker Alice Mae Pearson Dorothy Adele Rappold McClelland Fern Remington Aldrich Jean Lavinia Schellberg Jean Smcdberg Emory Marilyn Ann Turek Brisson Margaret A'bina Wheeler Dorothea Loretta Zuehlke Class of 1946 Ruth Mary Allen Driscoll Iona Grace Brown Moore Martha Margaret Cervenak Adeline Virginia Curry Gertrude Duray Hirte Julia Andrulis Glumm Marjoric Elizabeth Griswold Virginia Ann Hickman Kathrvn Mary Hubert Syma S. Kaare Poobus Dolores Dorothy Kamrath Young Leona Marie Kelly Baker Tobey Km Margaret Elizabeth Lemke Dawn Anita Minor Alice Irene Nelson Edith Mae Peterson Schmidt Irene Elizabeth Rippi Schwarz Vera Rodick June Charlotte Sarncv Thake Leona May Schram Bowers Arlene Mae Scarls Graduates 115 Jessie Jean Shusett Mildred Skaff Irma Alvina Spiss Summers Dorothy Eileen Zouk Kathryn Ruth Warficld Class of 1947 Caroline Susan Brugcr Helen L. Fairaizl Hamilton Alice Paris Fasig Hazel Louise Fee Ruth Olson Hill Glennabeth Iverson Dorothea H. Kornacker Phyllis Lawbaugh LaRocco Gail Bernice Lawson Betty Jane Powers Lydia Kristine Ricci Carol Rae Thompson Saltier Inez Dawn Varner Norma Gloria Zynda Gertrude Buhr Trelka Carol Ernesting Lowell Beth' Flickinger Whitten Jeanne Carol Foote Pauline Cora Griffith Olsen Darleen Gripentrog Mydlach Marie Ann Hardwig Todd Dorothv Hisick Grounds Marilynn Elizabeth Ingle Mary Alice Jordan La Verne Jorgensen Neinast Roberta Metsker Violet Mueller Turner Phyllis Carolyn Pretzel Gnllo Arlene Schram Marian Carrie Senft Mary Barbara Seyffer Jeros Dorothv Strandell Deering Lorraine Svoboda Svec Beata Wich Goettsche Man Roberta Stevenson McDermott Class of 1 948 Bertha Vuolle Ferguson Mary Jane Anderson Hillis Lela Clarice Anderson Walker Dorothy Andrews Dorothy Barber Bonk Ana Mae Bracher Schotanus Gloria Bonifas Virginia Christian Lois Drummond Miller Nelda Forsman June Gusterine Fox Gladvs Helstrom Budlong Ruth Hanlev Phyllis Kellaway Norma Kimmel Margaret Johnson Kcllog Laurel Knapp Hansford Betty Kozak Elaine Kamrath Janice Lutz Eleanor Leininger Evagcnc Madochc Helen Panoch Swanberg Joan Prentiss Thomas Adele Rusin Mary Schrade Boucher Mary Szczygiel Blaauw Mary Stanislav Matilda Sekulich Norine Slater Irene Wolek llclcne Iwan Staniec Lydia Formaggio Carlson Bernice Fairaizl Rose Mae Dolejs Phyllis Frederisy Eleanor Jacobi Kron Ruth Ann Nauer Kuhn Vivian Gass Nena Haake Huffman Phyllis Jacobson Hunter Ruth Schroeder Marie Hardy Anderson Class of 1949 Jean F. Ailsworth Margaret P. Ander Bureman Shirlev Bachman Betty A. Berchtold Kathryn J. Bower Mariann Passard Carlson Eleanor Carlson Nelson June L. Chrisman Jane Edgerton Alice Hanson Joyce L. Holtz Audrey J. Huntley Alice Jones Marv Smyrniotis Jungworth Lois Koester Jacquelvn Levengood Mary L. McClintock Carolvn Ruhling Kcrncr Janice Shafer Anne Warren Class of 1950 Geraldine Blohm Miriam Zeilinger Bredwell Katherine Chernv Wanda Ruth Clark Hedde Charlene Jo Cook Helen C. Dean Thedell Claire Patricia Durkee Kyriak Joan. Bevcrlv Girling Geraldine Margaret Cray 116 Grant Hospital of Chicago Patsy Lou Guinand Barbara Sophie Hessler Madeline Mary Higdon Marybelle Ilueper Cassidy Dolores Audrey Justinen Geraldine Frances Kurick Alice Frances McCann Mary Adelaide MacDonald Theda L. Mann Margot Murdock Norrita June V. Murys Dorothy Louise Myslis Kathleen Favc Penrose Brakcnbury Virginia Harriet Schram Davis Helen Lucille Scott Gentry Arlene Carolyn Soderberg Paula Jean Splittstoesscr Garcia Delphine Clara Stack Josephine Margaret Wager Beck Dorothy Anne Webster Elizabeth Weidman