L I B R_AR.Y OF THL U N IVERS ITY Of ILLINOIS 977.348 P838 jiUNDis mmt^ mm. immm^^dS^^:^. COMTADMDMG o o o o o o FBiiiPemit 19 OF PROMINENT^ RiPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS OF THE COUNTY TOGETHER WITH- PORTRAITS -AND -BIOGRAPHIES-OF-ALL ■ THE (3/ ^ --H CHICAGO: BIOGKAPIIICAL I'UBLISHING CO. 1890. ^ pF(Ep/^§E. >?»^ -H5H- <«5<^ VjHE greatest of English historians, Macaui.ay, and one of tlie most brilliant writers ol the present cenlar}^ has said: "The history' of acoiintrj' isbest told inarecord of the ■ lives of its people." In conformity with this idea the Foktrait and Biogkapuical Album of this county has been prepare0 selves that thej' give to their readers a work with few errors of consequence. In addition tollie biograph- "^^ ical sketches, portraits of a number of representative citizens are given. The faces of some, and biographical sketches of manj', will be missed in this volume. For this the publishers are not to blame. Not having a proper conception of the work, some refused to give the information necessary to compile a sketch, while others were indifferent. Occasionally some member of 4 the family would oppose the enterprise, and on account of such opposition the support of the interested '"one would be withheld. In a few instances men could never be found, though re|)eatcd calls were made ^-'^ their re.siden.ce or place of business. Biographicai, Plblisiiixo Co. Chicago, November, IS'JO. ^^ 4:r n d£>^ p*' e>$6 :■'<:- /K^U^^yl, OF THE GOVERNORS of ILLINOIS, AND OFTHE "fl^\ W:0 .c'-r-t^'m OFTHE 5 m^i^^j^^^'^'^^ ■•' "^^vJl^^ ■^m- FIRST PRESIDENT. 19 v a»rS'>^i^tt^(^iai»i'^.'i ^'i •.'i*:^! ;.'■ •..'i^'^ta^t^sa'^t^'^tS'a'^^'^^'^^^tSii'^'g^'^) J HE Father of our Country was '^w^born in Westmorland Co., Va., ;;^ Feb. 22, 1732. His parents 'a were Augustine and Mary -^ (Ball) Washington. The family to which he belonged has not been satisfactorily traced in England. His great-grand- father, John Washington, em- igrated to Virginia about 1(357, and became a [)rosi)erous planter. He had two sons, Lawrence and John. The former married Mildred Warner and had tliree children, John, Augustine and Mildred. Augus- tine, the father of George, fiist married Jane Butler, who bore him four children, two of whom, Lawrence and Augustine, reached maturity. Of si.x children by his second marriage, George was the eldest, the others being Betty, Samuel, Joiin Augustine, Charles and Mildred. .•\ugu-.,line Washijigton, the father of George, died in 1743, leaving a large landed property. To his eldest son, Lawrence, he bequeathed an estate on tlie I'atomac, afterwards known as Mount Vernon, and to George he left the parental residence. George received only such education as the neighborhood schools afforded, save for a short time after he left school, when he received private instruction in matlnjiuarcs. His spellinsi v/as rather defective. Remarkable stories are told of his great physica. strength and development at an early age. He wa.s an acknowledged leader among his companions, and was early noted for that nobleness of character, fair- ness and veracity which characterized his whole life. NVhen George was 1 4 years old he had a desire to go to sea, and a midshipman's warrant was secured for him, but through the opposition of his mother the idea was abandonsd. Two years later he was appointed surveyor to the immense estate of Lord Fairfax. \n this business he spent three years in a rough frontier life, gaining experience which afterwards proved vt:ry essential to him. Pn 175 r, though only ig years of age, he was appointed adjutant with the rank of major in the Virginia militia, then being trained for active service against the French and Indians. Soon after this he sailed to the West Lidies with his brother Lawrence, who went there to restore his health They soon returned, and in the summer of 1752 Lawrence died, leaving a large fortune to an infant daughter who did not long survive him. On her dennse the estate of Mount Vernon was given to George. U|)on the arrival of Robert Dinwiddle, as Lieuten- ant-Governor of Virginia, in 1752, the militia wa? reorganized, and the province divided into four mili- tary districts, of which the northern was assignee to Washington as adjutant general. Shortly after this a very perilous mission was assigned him and ac- cepted, which others had refused. This was to pro- ceed to the French post near Lake Erie in North- western Pennsylvania. The distance to be traversed was between 500 and 600 miles. Winter was at hand, and the journey was to be made without military escort, through a territory occupied by Indians. Tht GEORGE WASHINGTON. trip was a perilous one, and several limes he came near losing his life, yet he returned in safety and furnished a full and useful report of his expedition. A regiment of 300 men was raised in Virginia and put in com- mand of Col. Joshua Fry, and Major Washington was commissioned lieutenant-colonel. Active war was then begun against the French and Indians, in which Washington took a most important part. In the memorable event of July 9, 1755, known as Brad- dock's defeat, Washington was almost the only officer of distinction who escaped from the calamities of the day with life and honor. The other aids of Braddock ivere disabled early in the action, and W'ashington alone was left in that capacity on the field. In a letter to his brother he says: "I had four bullets through my coat, and two horses shot under me, yet I escaped unhurt, though death was levelino niy companions on every side." An Indian sharpshooter said he was not born to be killed by a bullet, for he had taken direct aim at him seventeen times, and failed to hit him. After having been five years in the military service, and vainly sought jjromotion in the royal army, he took advantage of the fall of Fort Duquesne and the expulsion of the French from the valley of the Ohio, CO resign his commission. Soon after he entered the Legislature, where, although not a leader, he took an active and important part. January 17, 1759, he married Mrs. Martha (13andridge) Custis, the wealthy widow of John Parke Custis. When the British Parliament had closed the port ~i{ Boston, the cry went up throughout the provinces that "The cause of Boston is the cause of us all." It was then, at the suggestion of Virginia, that a Con- gress of all the colonies was called to meet at Phila- delphia,Sept. 5, 1774, to secure their common liberties, peaceably if possible. To this Congress Col. Wash- ington was sent as a delegate. On May 10, 1775, the Congress re-assembled, when the hostile intentions of England were plainly apparent. The battles of Con- cord and Lexington had been fought. Among the first acts of this Congress was the election of a com- mander-in-chief of the colonial forces. This high and responsible office was conferred upon Washington, who was still a memberof the Congress. He accepted it on June 19, but upon the express condition that he receive no salary. He would keep an exact account of expenses and expect Congress lo pay them and nothing more. It is not the object of this sketch to trace the military acts of Washington, to whom the fortunes and liberties of the people of this country were so long confided. The war was conducted by him under every possible disadvantage, and while his forces often met with reverses, yet he overcame every obstacle, and after seven years of heroic devotion and matchless skill he gained liberty for the greatest nation of earth. On Dec. 23, 17S3, Washington, in a parting address of surpassing beauty, resigned his commission as commander-in-chief of the army to to the Continental Congress sitting at Annapolis. He retired immediately to Mount Vernon and resumed his occupation as a farmer and planter, shunning all connection with public life. In February, 17 89, Washington was unanimously elected President. In his presidential career he was subject to the peculiar trials incidental to a new government ; trials from lack of confidence on the pan of other governments ; trials from want of harmony between the different sections of our own country; trials from the impoverished condition of the country, owing to the war and want of credit; trials from the beginnings of party strife. He was no partisan. His clear judgment could discern the golden mean; and while perhaps this alone kept our government from sinking at the very outset, it left him exposed to attacks from both sides, which were often bitter and very annoying. At the expiration of his first term he was unani- mously re-elected. At the end of this term many were anxious that he be re-elected, but he alisolutely refused a third nomination. On the fourth of March, 1797, at the expiraton of his second term as Presi- dent, he returned to his home, hoping to pass there his few remaining years free from the annoyances of public life. Later in the year, however, his repose seemed likely to be interrupted by war with France At the prospect of such a war he was again urged to take command of the armies. He chose his sub- ordinate officers and left to them the charge of mat- ters in the field, which he superintended from his home. In accepting the command he made the reservation that he was not to be in the field until it was necessary. In the midst of these preparations his life was suddenly cut off. December 12, he took a severe cold from a ride in the rain, which, settling in h's throat, produced inflammation, and terminated fatally on the night of the fourteenth. On the eigh- teenth his body was borne wi'h military honors to its final resting place, and interred in the family vault at Mount Vernon. Of the character of Washington it is impossible to speak but in terms of the highest respect and ad- miration. The more we see of the operations of our government, and the more deeply we feel the difficulty of uniting all opinions in a common interest, the more highly we must estimate the force of his tal- ent and character, which have been able to challenge the reverence of all parties, and principles, and na- tions, and to win a fame as extended as the limits of the globe, and whidh we cannot but believe will be as lasting as the existence of man. The jierson of Washington was nnusally tali, erect and well proportioned. His muscular strength was great. His features were of a beautiful symmetrv. He commanded respect without any appearance o* haughtiness, and ever serious without Vwing dull. '^y-^j>^^^^^^ '^(^m Jdm^. ^ SECOND PRESIDENT. -3 ^|«iiS£aa»^ . ^o.'t^^i ^l OHN ADAMS, the second President and the first Vice- ' President of the United States, was born in Braintree ( now Quincy),Mass., and about ten '■^ miles from Boston, Oct. 19, 1735. His great-grandfather, Henry Adams, emigrated from England about 1 640, with a family of eight sons, and settled at Braintree. The parents of John were John and Susannah (Boylston) Adams. His father was a fanner of limited means, to which he added the bus- iness of shoemaking. He gave his eldest son, John, a classical educa- tion at Harvard College. John graduated in 1755, and at once took charge of the school in Worcester, Mass. This he found but a 'sci-;ool of affliction," from which Iv; endeavored to gain lelief by devoting himself, in addition, to the study of law. For this purjxjse he placed himself under the tuition of the only lawyer in the town. He had thought seriously of the clerical profession but seems to have been turned from this by what he cermed "the frightful engines of ecclesiastical coun- cils, cf diabolical malice, and Calvanistic good nature," of the operations of which he had been a witness in his native town. He was well fitted for the legal profession, iwssessing a clear, sonorous voice, being ready and fluent of speech, and having quick percep- tive powers. He gradually gained practice, and in 1764 married Abigail Smith, a daughter of a minister, and a lady of superior intelligence. Shortly after his marriage, (17(^5), the attempt of Parliamentary taxa- tion turned him from law to politics. He took inirial jteps toward holding, a town meeting, and the resolu- tions he offered on the subject became very iwpulai throughout the Province, and were adopted word for word by over forty different towns. He moved to Bos- ton in 1768, and became one of the most courageous and prominent advocatesof the popular cause, and was chosen a member of the General Court (the Leg- lislature) in 1770. Mr. Adams was chosen one of the first delegates from Massachusetts to the first Continental Congreis, which met in 1774. Here he distinguished himselt by his capacity for business and for debate, and ad- vocated the movement for independence against the majority of the members. In May, 1776, he moved and carried a resolution in Congress that the Colonies should assume the duties of self-government. He was a prominent member of the committee of iive appointed June 11, to prepare a declaration of inde- pendence. This article was drawn by Jefferson, but on Adams devolved the task of battling it through Congress in a three days debate. On the day after the Declaration of Independence was passed, while his soul was yet warm with th^ glow of excited feeling, he wrote a letter to his wife which, as we read it now, seems to have been dictated by the spirit of prophecy. "Yesterday," he says, "the greatest question was decided that ever was debated in America; and greater, perhaps, never was or wil be decided among men. A resolution was passed without one dissenting colony, ' that these United States are, and of right ought to be, free and inde- pendent states.' The day is passed. The fourth of July, 1776, will be a memorable ejioch in the history of America. I am apt to believe it will be celebrated by succeeding generations, as the great anniversary festival. It ought to be commemorated as the day of deliverance by solemn acts of devotion to Almighty God. It ought to be solemnized with pomp, shows- =4 JOHN ADAMS. !;;unes, sports, guns, bells, bonfires, and illuminations irom one end of the coniinent to the other, from this time forward for ever. Vou will think me transjxjrted with enthusiasm, but I am not. I am well aware of the toil, and blood and treasure, that it will cost to maintain this declaration, and support and defend the^e States; yet, tlirough all the gloom, I can see the rays of light and glory. I can see that the end is Worth more than all the means; and that posterity will triumph, although you and I may rue, which I hope we shall not." In November, 1777, Mr. Adams was appointed a delegate to France, and to co-operate with Benijamin Franklin and Arthur Lee, who were then in Paris, in the endeavor to obtain assistance in arms and money from the French Government. This was a severe trial to his patriotism, as it separated him from his home, compelled him to cross the ocean in winter, and ex- posed him to great peril of capture by tlie British cruis- ers, who were seeking him. He left France June 17, 1779. In September of the same year he was again ciiosen to go to Paris, and there hold himself in readi- ness to negotiate a treaty of peace and of commerce with Great Britian, as soon as the British Cabinet might be found willing to listen to such pioposels. He sailed for France in November, from there he went to Holland, where he negotiated important loans and formed important commercial treaties Finally a treaty of peace with England was signed Jan. 21, 1783. The re-action from the excitement, toil and anxiety through which Mr. Adams had passed threw him into a fever. After suffering from a con- tinued fever and becoming feeble and emaciated he was advised to go to England to drink the waters of Bath. ^Vhile in England, still drooping and desiwnd- ing, he received dispatches from his own government urging the necessity of his going to Amsterdam to negotiate another loan. It was winter, his health was delicate, yet he immediately set out, and through storm, on sea, on horseback and foot,hemade the trip. February 24, 1785, Congress appointed Mr. Adams envoy to the Court of St. James. Here he met face to face the King of England, who had so long re- garded him as a traitor. As England did not condescend to appoint a minister to the United States, and as Mr. Adams felt that he was accom- plishing but little, he sought permission to return to his own country, where he arrived in June, 1788. When Washington was first chosen President, John Adams, rendered illustiious by his signal services at home and abroad, was chosen Vice President. Again at the second election of Washington as President, Adams was chosen Vice President. In 1796, Wash- ington retired from public life, and Mr. Adams was elected President, though not without much opposition. Serving in this office four years,he was succeeded by Mr. Jefferson, his opponent in politics. T/hile Mr. Adams was Vice President the great French Revolution shook the continent of Europe, and it was upon this point which he was at issue with the majority of his countr\men led by Mr. Jefferson. Mr. Adams felt no symjiathy with the French peo])le in their struggle, for he had no confidence in theiv jx)wer of self-government, and he utterly abhored the classof atheist philosophers who-he claimed caused it. On the other hand Jefferson's sympathies were strongly enlisted in behalf of the French people. Hence or- iginated the alienation between these distinguished men, and two powerful parties were thus soon organ- ized, Adams at the head of the one whose sympathies were with England and Jefferson led the other in sympathy with France. The world has seldom seen a spectacle of more moral beauty and grandeur, than was presented by the old age of Mr. Adams. The violence of party feeling had died away, and he had begun to receive that just appreciation which, to most men, is not accorded till after death. No one could look upon his venerable form, and think of what he had done and suffered, and how he had given up all the prime and strength of his life to the public good, without the deepest emotion of gratitude and respect. It was his peculiar good fortune to witness the complete success of the institution which he had been so active in creating and supporting. In t824, his cup of haijpiness was filled to the brim, by seeing his son elevated to the highest . station in the gift of the people. The fourth of July, 1S26, which completed the half century since the signing of the Declaration of Inde- pendence, arrived, and there were but three of the signers of that immortal instrument left upon the earth to hail its morning light. And, as it is well known, on that day two of these finished their earthly pilgrimage, a coincidence so remarkable as to seem miraculous. For a few days before Mr. Adams had been rapidly failing, and on the morning of the fourth he found himself too weak to rise from his bed. On being requested to name a toast for the customar)' celebration of the day, he exclaimed " In- dependence FOREVER." When the day was ushered in, by the ringing of bells and the firing of cannons, he was asked by one of his cttendants if he knew what day it was? He replied, "O yes; it is the glor- ious fourih of July — God bless it — God bless you all." In the course of the day he said, "It is a great and glorious day." The last words he uttered were, "Jefferson survives." But he had, at one o'clock, re- signed his spiiit into the hands of his God. The personal apjiearance and manners of Mr. Adams were not particularly prepossessing. His face, as his portrait manifests.was intellectual ard expres- sive, but his figure was low and ungraceful, and his manners were frequently abrupt and uncourteous. He had neither the lofly dignity of Washington, nor the engaging elegance and gracefulness which marked the manners and address of Jefferson. ^fe»^r;- WL, THIRD PRESIDENT. 27 HOMAS JEFFERSON was ^ born April 2, 1743, at Shad- l|5 well, Albermavle county, Va. His parents were Peter and Jane ( Randol[)h) Jefferson, the former a native of Wales, and the latter born in Lon- don. To them were born six daughters and two sons, of whom Thomas was the elder. When 14 years of age his father died. He received a most liberal education, hav- been kept diligently at school from the lime he was five year* of age. In 1760 he entered William and Mary College. Williamsburg was then the seat of the Colonial Court, and it was the obodeof fashion a.id splendor. Young Jefferson, who was then 17 years old, lived somewhat expensively, keeping fine horses, and much caressed by gay society, yet he was earnestly devoted to his studies, and irreproacha- al)le in his morals. It is strange, however, under such influences,that he was not ruined. In the sec- ond year of his college course, moved by some un- explained inward impulse, he discarded his horses, society, and even his favorite violin, to which he had previously given much time. He often devoted fifteen hours a day to haid study, allowing 'himself for ex- ercise only a run in the evening twilight of a mile out of the city and back again. He thus attained very high intellectual culture, alike excellence in philoso- phy and the languages. The most difficult Latin and Greek authors he read with facility. A more finished scholar has seldom gone forth from college halls; and there wa?not to be found, perhaps, in all Virginia, a more pureminded, upright, gentlemanly young man. Immediately upon leaving college he began the study of law. For the short time he continued in the practice of his profession he rose rapidly and distin- guished himself by his energy and accuteness as a lawyer. But the times called for greater action. The policy of England had awakened the spirit of resistance of the American Colonies, and the enlarged views which Jefferson had ever entertained, soon led liim into active political life. In 1769 he was choser a member of the Virginia House of Burgesses hi 1772 he married Mrs. JNIartha Skelton, a very beauti- ful, wealthy and highly accomplished young widov.- Upon Mr. Jefferson's large estate at Shadwell, tli^re was a majestic swell of land, called Monticello, which commanded a prospect of wonderful extent and beauty. This spot Mr. Jefferson selected for his new home; and here he reared a mansion of modest ye' elegant architecture, which, next to Mount Vernon became the most distinguished resort in our land. In 1775 he was sent to the Cclonial Congress where, though a silent member, his abilities as a writer and a reasoner soon become known, and ho was placed upon a number of important committees, and was chairman of the one appointed for the draw- ing up of a declaration of independence. This com- mittee consisted of Tiioinas Jefferson, John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Roger Sherman and Robert R. Livingston. Jefferson, as chairman, was appointed to draw up the paper. Franklin and Adams suggested a few verbal changes before it was submitted to Con- gress. On June 28, a few slight changes were m.ade in it by Congress, and it was passed and signed July 4, 1776, What must have been the feelings of that 28 THOMAS JEFFERSON. man — what the emotions that swelled his breast — who was charged with the preparation of that Dec- laration, which, while it made known the wrongs of America, was also to publish her to the world, free, Boverign and independent. It is one of the most re- markable papers ever written ; and did no other effort ijf the mind of its author exist, that alone would be sufficient to stamp his name with immortality. In 1779 Mr. Jefferson was elected successor to Patrick Henry, as Governor of Virginia. At one time the British officer, Tarleton, sent a secret expedition to Moniicello, to capture the Governor. Scarcely five minutes elapsed after the hurried escape of Mr. Jef- ferson and his family, ere his mansion was in posses- sion of the British troops. His wife's health, never very good, was much injured by this excitement, and in the summer of 1782 she died. Mr. Jefferson was elected to Congress in 1783. Two yeirs later he was appointed Minister Plenipo- tentiary to France. Returning to the United States in September, 1789, he became Secretary of State in Washington's cabinet. This position he resigned Jan. J, 1794. In 1797, he was chosen Vice Presi- dent, and four years later was elected President over Mr. Adams, with Aaron Burr as Vice President. In 1804 he was re-elected with wonderful unanimity, and George Clinton, Vice President. The early part of Mr. Jefferson's second adminstra- tion was disturbed by an event which threatened the tranquility and peace of the Union; this was the con- spiracy of Aaron Burr. Defeated in the late election to the Vice Presidency, and led on by an unprincipled ambition, this extraordinary man formed the plan of a military expedition into the Spanish territories on our southwestern frontier, for the purpose of forming there a new republic. This has been generally supposed was a mere pretext ; and although it has not been generally known what his real plans were, there is no doubt that they were of a far more dangerous character. In 1809, at the expiration of the second term for which Mr. Jefferson had been elected, he determined to retire from political life. For a period of nearly :orty years, he had been continually before the pub- .ic, and all that time had been employed in offices of the greatest trust and responsibility. Having thus de- voted the best part of his life to the service of his country', he now felt desirous of that rest \vhich his declining years required, and ui^on the organization of the new administration, in March, 1809, he bid fare- well forever to public life, and retired to Monticello. Mr. Jefferson was profuse in his hospitality. Whole families came in their coaches with their horses, — fathers and mothers, boys and girls, babies and nurses, — and remained three and even six months. Life at Monticello, for years, resembled that at a fashionable watering-place. The fourth of July 1826, being the fiftieth anniver- sary of the Declaration of American Independence. great prejiarations were made in every part of the Union for its celebration, as the nation's jubilee, and the citizens of Washington, to add to the solemnity of the occasion, invited Mr. Jefferson, as the framer, and one of the few surviving signers of the Declara- tion, to participate in their festivities. But an ill- ness, which had been of several weeks duration, and had been continually increasing, compelled him to decline the invitation. On the second of July, the disease under which he was laboring left him, but in such a reduced state that his medical _ attendants, entertained nc hope of his recovery. From this time he was perfectly sensible that his last hour was at hand. On the next day, which was Monday, he asked of those around him, the day of the month, and on being told it was the third of July, he expressed the earnest wish tha; he might be permitted to breathe the air of the fiftieth anniversary. His prayer was heard — that day, whose dawn was hailed with such rapture through our land, burst upon his eyes, and then they were closed for- ever. And what a noble consummation of a noble life ! To die on that day, — the birthday of a nation,- - the day v/hich his own name and his own _ act had rendered glorious; to die amidst the rejoicings and festivities of a whole nation, who looked up to him, as the author, under God, of their greatest blessings, was all that was wanting to fill up the record his life. Almost at the same hour of his death, the kin- dred spirit of the venerable Adams, as if to bear him company, left the scene of his earthly honors. Hand in hand they had stood forth, the champions of freedom ; hand in hand, during the dark and desiier- ate struggle of the Revolution, they had cheered and animated their desponding countr>'nien; for half a century they had labored together for the good of the country-; and now hand in hand they depart. In their lives they had been united in the same great cause of liberty, and in their deaths they were not divided. In person Mr. Jefferson was tall and thin, rather above six feet in height, but well formed; his eyes were light, his hair originally red, in after life became white and silvery; his complexion was fair, his fore- head broad, and his whole countenance intelligent and thoughtful. He possessed great fortitude of mind as well as personal courage; and his command of tem- per was such that his oldest and most intimate friends never recollected to have seen him in a passion. His manners, though dignified, were simple and un- affected, and his hospitality was so unbounded that all found at his house a ready welcome. In conver- sarion he was fluent, eloquent and enthusiastic; ard his language was remarkably pure and correct. He was a finished classical scholar, and in his writings is discernable the care with which he formed his style upon the best models of antiquity. / CZA^'^'-^ ^cyC(_ if-^oc^f t:-''K, FOURTH PRESIDENT. .'PriQES IIPDISOI].* AMES IMADISON, "Father of the Constitution," and fourth J)" President of the United States, was born March i6, 1757, and died at his home in Virginia, 'j f^' June 28, 1S36. The name of James Madison is inseparably con- nected with most of the important events in that heroic period of our country during which the founda- tions of this great repubhc were laid. He was the last of the founders of the Constitution of the United States to lie called to his eternal reward. The Madison family were among the early emigrants to the New World, landing upon the shores of the Chesa- peake but 15 years after the settle- ment of Jamestown. The father of James Madison was an opulent planter, residing uix)n a very fine es- tate called "Monti)elier," Orange Co., Va. The mansion was situated in the midst of scenery highly pictur- esque and romantic, on the west side of South-west Mountain, at the foot of Blue Ridge. It was but 25 miles from the home of Jefferson at Monticello. The closest personal and political attacliment existed between these illustrious men, from their early youth until deatii. The early education of Mr. Madison was conducted mostly at home under a private tutor. At the age of tS he was sent to Princeton College, in New Jersey. Here lie applied himself to study with the most im- prudent zeal; allowing himself, for months, but three hours' sleep out of the 24. His health thus became so seriously impaired that he never recovered any vigor of constitution. He graduated in 177 i, with a feeble body, with a character of utmost purity, and with a mind higlily disciplined and ricjily stored with learning which embellished and gave proficiency to his subsr ' quent career. Returning to Virginia, he commenced the study of law and a course of extensive and systematic reading. This educational course, the spirit of the times in which he lived, and the society with which he asso- ciated, all combined to inspire him with a strong love of liberty, and to train him for his life-woik of a statesman. Being naturally of a religious turn of mind, and his frail health leading him to think that his life was not to be long, he directed especial atten- tion to theological studies. Endowed with a mmd singularly free from passion and prejudice, and with almo.";! uneiiualled powers of reasoning, he weighed all the arguments for and against revealed religion, until his faith became so established as never to be shaken. In the spring of 1776, when 26 years of age, he was elected a member of the Virginia Convention, to frame the constitution of the State. The next year ('777)1 lis was a candidate for the General .Assembly. He refused to treat the whisky-loving voters, and consequently lost his election ; but those who had witnessed the talent, energy and public spirit of the modest young man, enlisted themselves in his behalf, and he was appointed to tlie Executive Council. Both Patrick Henry and Thomas Jefferson were Governors of Virginia while Mr. Madison remained member of tlie Council ; and their appreciation of his 32 /AMES MADISON. intellectual, social and moral worth, contributed not a little to his subsequent eminence. In the year 1780, he was elected a member of the Continental Congress. Here he met the most illustrious men in our land, and he was immediately assigned to one of the most conspicuous positions among them. For three years Mr. Madison continued in Con- gress, one of its most active and influential members. In the year 1784, his term having expired, he was elected a member of the Virginia Legislature. No man felt more deeply than Mr. Madison the utter inefficiency of the old confederacy, with no na- tional government, with no power to form treaties which would be binding, or to enforce law. There was not any State more prominent than Virginia in the declaration, that an efficient national government must be formed. In January, 1786, Mr. Madison carried a resolution through the General Assembly of Virginia, inviting the other .States to appoint commis- sioners to meet in convention at Annapolis to discuss this subject. Five States only were represented. The convention, however, issued another call, drawn up by Mr. Madison, urging all the States to send their delegates to Philadelphia, in May, 17 87, to draft a Constitution for the United States, to take the place of that Confederate League. The delegates met at the time appointed. Every State but Rhode Island was represented. George Washington was chosen president of the convention; and the present Consti- tution of the United States was then and there formed. There was, perhaps, no mind and no pen more ac- tive in framing this immortal document than the mind and the pen of James Madison. The Constitution, adopted by a vote Si to 79, was to be presented to the several States for acceptance. But grave solicitude was felt. Should it be rejected we should be left but a conglomeration of independent States, with but little ixjwer at home and little respect abroad. Mr. Madison was selected by tne conven- tion to draw up an address to the people of the United States, expounding the principles of the Constitution, and urging its adoption. There was great opposition to it at first, but it at length triumphed over all, and went into effect in 1789. Mr. Madison was elected to the House of Repre- sentatives in the first Congress, and soon became the avowed leader of the Republican party. While in New York attending Congress, he met Mrs. Todd, a young widow of remarkable power of fascination, whom he married. She was in person and character queenly, and. probably no lady has thus far occui)ied so prominent a position in the very peculiar society wliich has constituted our republican court as Mrs. Mndison. Mr. Madison served as Secretai-y of State under Jefferson, and at the close of his administration was chosen President. At this time the encroach- ments of England had brought us to the verge of war. British orders in council destioyed our commerce, and our flag was ex|)osed to constant insult. Mr. Madison was a man of peace. Scholarly in his taste, retiring in his disposition, war had no charms for him. But the meekest spirit can be roused. It makes one's blood boil, even now, to think of an .American ship brouglit to, upon the ocean, by the guns of an English cruiser. A young lieutenant steps on board and orders the crew to be paraded before him. With great nonchal- ance he selects any number whom he may please to designate as British subjects ; orders them down the ship's side into his boat ; and places them on the gun- deck of his man-of-war, to fight, by compulsion, the battles of England. Tiiis right of search and im- pressment, no efforts of our Government could induce the British cabinet to relinquish. On the iSth of June, 1S12, President Madison gave his appioval to an act of Congress dechiring war against Great Britain. Notwithstanding the bitter hostility of the Federal party to the war, the country in general approved; and Mr. Madison, on the 4th of March, 1813, was re-elected by a large majority, and entered upon his second term of office. Tliis is not the place to describe the various adventuras of this war on the land and on the water. Our infan. navy then laid the foundations of its renown in grap- pling with the most formidable power which ever swept the seas. The contest commenced in earnest by the appearance of a British fleet, early in Februaiy, 1813, in Cliesapeake Bay, declaring nearly the whole coast of the LTnited States under blockade. The Emperor of Russia offered his services as me ditator. America accepted ; England refused. A Brit- ish force of five thousand men landed on the banks of the Patuxet River, near its entrance into Chesa- peake Bay, and marched rapidly, by way of Bladens- burg, upon Washington. The straggling little city of Washington was thrown into consternation. The cannon of the brief conflict at Bladensburg echoed through the streets of tlie metropolis. The whole populaticn fled from the city. The President, leaving Mrs. Madison in the White House, with her carriage drawn up at the door to. await his speedy return, hurried to meet the officers in a council of war. He met our troops utterly routed, and he could not go back without danger of bei^\g captured. But few hours elapsed ere the Presidential Mansion, the Capitol, and all the public buildings in Washington were in flames. The war closed after two years of fighting, and on Feb. 13, 1815, the treaty of peace was signed at Ghent. On the 4th of March, 1S17, his second term of ofl^ice expired, and he resigned the Presidential chair to his friend, James Monroe. He retired to his beau- tiful home at Montpelier, and there passed the re- mainder of his days. On June 28, 1836, then at the age of 85 years, he fell asleep in death. Mrs. Madi- son died July 12, 1849. 1 7 ^^^ FIFTH PRESIDENT. 35 )-mk 53=^1* PIIQES ll]OI]ItOE. ww^ L^^ AMES MONROE, the fiftli .President of The United States, was born in Westmoreland Co., Va., April 28, 1758. His early life was passed at the place of nativity. Hi3 ancestors had for many years resided in the prov- ince in which he was born. When, at 17 years of age, in the process of completing his education at William and Mary College, the Co- lonial C'ongress assertibled at Phila- delphia to deliberate upon the un- just and manifold oppressions of (Ireat Britian, declared the separa- tion of the Colonies, and [jromul- gated the Declaration of Indepen- dence. Had he been l)orn ten years before it is highly probable that he would have been one of the signers of that celebrated instnimem. At this time he left scliool and enlisted among the patriots. He joined the army when everything looked hope- less and gloomy. The number of deserters increased from day to day. The invading armies came pouring in ; and the tories not only favored the cause of the mother country, but disheartened the new recruits, who were sufficiently terrified at the prospect of con- tsnding with an enemy whom they had been taught to deem invincible. To such brave spirits as James Monroe, who went right onward, undismayed through difficulty and danger, the United States owe their political emancipation. The young cadet joined the ranks, and espoused the cause of his injured country, with a firm determination to live or die with her strife for liberty. Firmly yet sadly he shared in the mel- ancholy retreat from Harleam Heights and White Plains, and accompanied the dispirited army as it fled before its foes through New Jersey. In four months after the Declaration of Independence, the patriots had been beaten in seven battles. At the battle of Trenton he led the vanguard, and, in the act of charg- ing upon the enemy he received a wound in the left shoulder. As a reward for his bravery, Mr. Monroe was ]}ro- moted a captain of infantry; and, having recovered from his wound, he rejoined the army. He, however, receded from the line of promotion, by becoming an officer in the staff of Lord Sterling. During thecam- l)aigns of 1777 and 1778, in the actions of Brandy wine, (iermantown and Monmouth, lie continued aid-de-canip ; but becoming desirous to regain his' position in the army, he exerted himself to collect a regiment for the Virginia line. This scheme failed owing to the exhausted condition of the State. Upon this failure he entered the office of Mr. Jefferson, at that period Governor, and pursued, with considerable ardor, the study of common law. He did not, however, entirely lay aside the knapsack for the green bag; but on the invasions of the enemy, served as a volun teer, during the two years of his legal pursuits. In 1782, he was elected from King George county, a member of the Leglislature of Virginia, and by that l)ody he was elevated to a seat in the E.xecutive Council. He was thus honored with the confidence of his fellow citizens at 23 years of age ; and having at this early period displayed some of that ability and aptitude for legislation, which were afterwards employed with unremitting energy for the public good, 36 JAMES MONROE. he was in the succeeding year chosen a member of the Congress of the Uniud States. Deeplyas Mr. Monroefsh the imperfectionsof theold Confederacy, he was opposed to the new Constitution, ihinking, with many others of 'he Republican parly, that it gave too much power to the Central Government, and not enough to the individual States. Still he re- tained the esteem of his friends who were its warm supporters, and who, notwithstanding his opposition secured its adoption. In 1789, lie became a member of the United States Senate ; which office he held for four years. Every month the line of distinction be- tween the two great parties which divided the nation, the Federal and the Republican, was growing more distinct. The two prominent iaeas which now sep- arated them were, that the Republican party was in sympathy with France, and also in favor of such a strict construction of the Constitution as to give the Central Government as little power, and the State Governments as much iX3wer, as the Constitution would warrant. The Fedeialists sympatliized with England, and were in favor of a liberal construction of the Con- stitution, which would give as much power to the Central Government as that document could possibly authorize. The leading Federalists and Republicans were alike noble men, consecrating all their energies to the good of the nation. Two more honest men or more pure patriots than John Adams the Federalist, and James Monroe the Republican, never breathed. In building up this majestic nation, which is destined to eclipse all Grecian and Assyrian greatness, the com- bination of their antagonism was needed to create the light equilibrium. And yet each in his day was de- nounced as almost a demon. Washington was then President. England had es- poused the cause of the Bourbons against the princi- ples of the French Revolution. All Europe was drawn into the conflict. We were feeble and far away. Washington issued a proclamation of neutrality be- tween these contending jxjwers. France had helped us in the struggle for our liberties. All the despotisms of Europe were now combined to prevent the French from escaping from a tyranny a thousand-fold worse than that which we had endured Col. Monroe, more magnanimous than prudent, was anxious that, at whatever hazard, we should help our old allies in their extremity. It was the impulse of a generous and noble nature. He violently opposed the Pres- ident's proclamation as ungrateful and wanting in magnanimity. Washington, who could appreciate such a character, developed his calm, serene, almost divine greatness, by appointing that very James Monroe, who was de- nouncing the policy of the Government, as the minister of that Government to the Republic of France. Mr. Monroe was welcomed by tlie National Convention in France with the most enthusiastic demonstrations. Shortly after his return to this countrv, Mr. Mon- roe was elected Governor of Virginia, and held the office for three yeais. He was again sent to France to co-operate with Chancellor Livingston in obtaining the vast territor)' then known as the Province of Louisiana, which France had but shortly before ob- tained from Spain. Their united efforts were suc- cessful. For the comparatively small sum of fifteen millions of dollars, the entire territorj' of Orleans and district of Louisiana were added to the United States. This was probably tlie largest transfer of real estate which was ever made in all the historj- of the world. From France Mr. Monroe went to England to ob- tain from that country some recognition of our rights as neutrals, and to remonstrate against those odious impressments of our seamen. But Eng- land was unrelenting. He again returned to Eng- land on tlie same mission, but could receive no redress. He returned to his home and was again chosen Governor of Virginia. This he soon resigned to accept the position of Secretary of State imder Madison. While in this office war with England was declared, the Secretary of War resigned, and during these tr)'ing times, the duties of the War Department were also put upon him. He was truly the armor- bearer of President Madison, and the most efficient business man in his cabinet. LTpon the return of peace he resigned the Department of War, but con- tinued in the office of Secretary of State until the ex- |)in)tion of Mr. Madison's adniinstration. At the elec tion held the previous autumn Mr. Monroe himself had been chosen President with but little opposition, and upon March 4, 1817, was inaugurated. Four years later he was elected for a second term. Among the important measures of his Presidency were tYie cession of Florida to the United States; the Missouri Compromise, and the '' Monroe doctrine.'- This famous doctrine, since known as the " Monroe doctrine," was enunciated by him in 1823. At that tiaie the United States had recognized the indeper.d- ence of the South American states, and did not wish to have European (lowers longer attempting to sub- due portions of the American Continent. The doctrine is as follows: "That we should consider any attempt on the part of European jxiwers to extend their sys- tem to any portion of this hemisphere as dangerous to our peace and safety," and "that we could not view any interposition for the purjiose of oppressing or controlling American governments or provinces in any other light than as a manifestation bv European liow'ers of an unfriendly disixisition toward the United States." This doctrine immediately affected the course of foreign governments, and has become the approved sentiment of the United States. hx the end of his second term Mr Monroe retired to his home in Virginia, where he lived until 1830, when he went to New York to live with his son-in- law. In that city he died,on the 4th of July, 1S31 j, 5, Ai Ciyry^ SIXTH PRESIDENT. S? " " JOr^I] QUI1]6Y ^D}?nQg. w '/IS I It I ■<"^-^ ,1ft --"'■- -a- -^"^ A'\'^V^ 'JS^'^Y-^ »l^^^" ' wti*'^"-^ ■Tt^'^'i*^ itt.*^"^"' '^ ■v* '^-^ If, *vV'^^ .a. -."t^ .a., -o."^ .m. ■vMgj ja -o.'^^ jh. v m> i OHN OUINCY ADAMS, the sixth President of the United i^SStates, was born in the rural home of his honored fatiier, John Adams, m Quincy, Mass., on the I I th cf July, 1767. His mother, a woman of exalted worth, watched over his childhood during the almost constant ab- sence of his father. When luit eight years of age, he stood with "' his mother on an eminence, listen- ing to the booming of the great bat- tle on Bunker's Hill, and gazing on upon the smoke and flames billow- ing up from the conflagration of Charlestown. When but eleven years old he took a tearful adieu of his mother, to sail with his father for Europe, through a fleet ol hostile British cruisers. The bright, animated boy spent a year and a half in Pan's, where his father was associated with Franklin and Lee as minister plenipotentiary. His intelligence attracted the notice of these distinguished men, and he received from them flattering marks of attention. Mr. John Adams had scarcely returned to this cour.try, in 1779, ere he was again sent abroad Again (Or.n Quincy accompanied his father. At Paris he applied himself with great diligence, for si.\ months, to .-.tudy; then accompained his father to Holland, where he entered, first a school in .Amsterdam, then the University at Leyden. About a year from this time, in 178 1, when the manly boy was but fourteen yea-s of age, he was selected by Mr. Dana, our min- ister to the Russian court, as his private secretary. In this school of incessant labor and of enobling culture he spent fourteen months, and then returned to Holland through Sweden, Denmark, H.iniburg and Bremen. This long journey he took alone, in the winter, when in his si.xteenth year. Again he resumed his studies, under a private tutor, at Hague. Thence, in the spring of i7cS2, he accompanied his father ic Paris, traveling leisurely, and forming acquaintance with the most distinguislied men on the Continent- examining arcnitectural remains, galleries of paintings and all renowned works of art. At Paris lie again became associated with the most illustrious men of all lands in the contemplations of the loftiest temporal themes which can engross the human mind. Afte" a short visit to England he returned to Paris, and consecrated all his energies to study until May, 1785, when he returned to America. To a brilliant young man of eighteen, who had seen much of the world, and >vlio was familiar with the etiquette of courts, a residence with his father in London, under such cir- cumstances, must have been extremely attractive but with judgment very rare in one of his age, he ]ire- ferred to return to America to complete his education in an American college. He wished then to study law, that with an honorable profession, he might be able to obtain an independent support. Upon leaving Harvard College, at the age of twenty, he studied law for three years. In June, 1794, be- ing then but twenty-seven years of age, he was ap- pointed by Washington, resident minister at the Netherlands. Sailing from Boston in July, he reached London in October, where lie was immediately admit- ted to the deliberations of Messrs. Jay and I'inckney, assisting fhein in negotiating a commercial treaty with Gieat Brilian. After thus s)iending a fortniglit ir, London, he proceeded to the Hague. In July, 1797, he left the Hague to go to Portugal as minister pleniix)tcntiary. On his way to Portugal, upon arriving in London, he met with despatches directing him to the court of Beiiin, but rc(piesling him to remain in London until he should receive his instructions. \\'hile w;:iting he was married to an American lady to whom he had been previously en- gaged, — Miss Louisa Catherine Johnson, daughter of Mr. Joshua Johnson, American consul In I ondon ; a lady endownd with that beauty and those accom- plishment which eminently fitted her to move in t'm elevated sphere for which she was destined. ♦o JOHN QUINCY ADAMS. He reached Berlin with his wife in November, 1797 ; where he remained until July, 1799, when, having ful- filled all the pur[X)ses of iris mission, lie solicited his recall. Soon after his return, in 1802, he was chosen to the Senate of Massachusetts, from Boston, and then was elected Senator of the United States for six years, from the 4th of March, 1804. His reputation, his ability and his experience, placed him immediately among the most prominent and influential members of that body. Especially did he sustain the Govern- ment in its measures of resistance to the encroach- ments of England, destroying our commerce and in- sulting our flag. There was no man in America more familiar with the arrogance of the British court upon these points, and no one more resolved to present a firm resistance. In 1809, Madison succeeded Jefferson in the Pres- idential chair, and he immediately nominated John Quincy .A.dams minister to St. Petersburg. Resign- ing his professorship in Harvard College, he embarked at Boston, in August, 1809. While in Russia, Mr. Adams was an intense stu- dent. He devoted his attention to the language and history of Russia; to the Chinese trade; to the European system of weights, measures, and coins ; to the climate and astronomical observations; while he Kept up a familiar acquaintance with the Greek and Latin classics. In all the universities of Europe, a more accomplished scholar could scarcely be found. All through life the Bible constituted an importai'.t part of his studies. It was his rule to read five chapters every day. On the 4th of March, 1817, Mr. Monroe took the Presidential chair, and immediately appointed Mr. -A-dams Secretary of State. Taking leave of his num- erous friends in public and private life in Europe, he 1 sailed in June, 1819, for the United States. On the i8th of August, he again crossed the threshold of his home in Quincy. During the eight years of Mr. Mon- roe's administration, Mr, Adams continued Secretary of State. Some time before the close of Mr. Monroe's second term of office, new candidates began to be presented for the Presidency. The friends of Mr. Adams brought forward his name. It was an exciting campaign. Party spirit was never more bitter. Two hundred and sixty electoral votes were cast. Andrew Jackson re- ceived ninety-nine; John Quincy Adams, eighty-four; William H. Crawford, forty -one; Henry Clay, thirty- seven. .As there was no choice by the people, the fiuestion went to the House of Representatives. Mr. Clay gave the vote of Kentucky to Mr. Adams, and he was elected. The friends of all the disappointed candidates now combined in a venomous and persistent assault upon Mr. Adams. There is nothing more disgraceful in *i>.S pa.'^t history of our country than the abuse which was poured in one uninterrupted stream, upon this high-minded, upright, patriotic man. There never was an administration more pure in principles, more con- scientiously devoted to the best interests of the coun- try, than that of John Quincy Adams; and never, per- haps, was there an administration more unscrupu. lously and outrageously assailed. Mr. Adams was, to a very remarkable degree, ab- stemious and temperate in his habits; always rising early, and taking much exercise. When at his homein Quincy, he has been known to walk, before breakfast, seven miles to Boston. In Washington, it was said that he was the first man up in the city, lighting his own fire and applying himself to work in his library often long before dawn. On the 4th of March, 1829, Mr. Adams retired from the Presidency, and was succeeded by Andrew Jackson. John C. Calhoun was elected Vice Presi- dent. The slavery question now began to assume ixjrlentous magnitude. Mr. Adams returned to Quincy and to his studies, which he pursued with un- abated zeal. But he was not long permitted to re- main in retirement. In November, 1830, he was elected representative to Congress. For seventeen years, until his death, he occupied the post as repre- sentative, towering above all his peers, ever ready to do brave battle' for freedom, and winning the title of "the old man eloquent." Upon taking his seat in the House, he announced that he should hold him- self bound to no party. Probably there never was a member more devoted to his duties. He was usually the first in his place in the rnorning, and the last to leave his seat in the evening. Not a measure could be brought forward and escape his scruuny. '1 he battle which Mr. Adams fought, almost singly, against the proslavery party in the Government, was sublime in Its moral dating and heroism. For persisting in presenting petitions for the abolition of slavery, he was threatened with indictment by the grand jury, with expulsion from the House, with assassination • but no threats could intimidate him, and his final triumph was complete. It has been said of President Adams, that when his body was bent and his hair silvered by the lapse of fourscore years, yielding to the simple faith of a little child, he was accustomed to repeat every night, before he slept, the pra)er which his mother taught him in his infant years. On the 2 1 st of February, 1848, he rose on the floor of Congress, with a paper in his hand, to address the speaker. Suddenly he fell, again stricken by paraly- sis, and was caught in the arms of those around him. For a time he was senseless, as he was conveyed to the sofa in the rotunda. With reviving conscious- ness, he opened his eyes, looked calmly around and said " This is the end of earth ;"then after a moment's pause he added, '' I am content" These were the last words of the grand "Old Man Eloquent." T^t ZjO^fL^^C^ n ^L^^^ -Z-' SE VENTH PRESIDENT. n i33^^^,Sn'^Si(UVmi^ NDREW JACKSON, the ith President of the ' L'nhed States, was born in W'axhaw settlement, N. C, March 15, 1767, a few days after his father's death. His parents were poor emigrants from Ireland, and took up their abode in \Va.\haw set- tlement, where they lived in deepest poverty. Andrew, or Andy, as he was universally called, grew up a very rough, rude, turbulent boy. His features were coarse, his form un- gainly; and there was but very little in his character, made visible, which was at- tractive. Wiien only thirteenyears old he joined the voUin- teers of Carolina against the British invasion. In 1781, he and his brother Robert were captured and imprisoned for a time at Camden. A British officer ordered him to brush his mud-spattered boots. " I am a prisoner of war, not your servant," was the reply of the dauntless boy. The brute drew his sword, and aimed a desperate Dlovv at the head of the helpless young prisoner. .\ndrew raised his hand, and thus received two fear- ful gashes, — one on the hand and the other upon the head. The officer then turned to his brother Robert with the same demand. He also refused, and re- ceived a blow from the keen-edged sabre, which (mite disabled him, and which probably soon after caused his death. They suffered much other ill-treatment, and were finally stricken with the small-pox. Their mother was successful 'i- •>'. ilaining their exchange, and took her sick boys home. After a long illnosD Andrew recovered, and the death of his mother soon left him entirely friendless. Andrew supported himself in various ways, s i;h as working at the saddler's trade, teaching school and clerking in a general store, until 1784, when he entered a law office at Salisbury, N. C. He, however, gave more attention to the wild amusements of the times than to his studies. In 1788, he was appointed solicitor for the western district of North Carolina, of which Tennessee was then a part. This involved many long and tedious journeys amid dangers of every kind, but Andrew Jackson never knew fear, and the Indians had no desire to repeat a skirmish with the Sharp Knife. In 1791, Mr. Jackson was married to a woman who supposed herself divorced from her former husband. Great was the surprise of both parties, two years later, to find that the conditionsof the divorce had just been definitely settled by the first husband. The marriage ceremony was performed a second time, but the occur- rence was often used by his enemies to bring Mr. Jackson into disfavor. During these years he worked hard at his profes- sion, and frequently had one or more duels on hand, one of which, when he killed Dickenson, was espec- ially disgraceful. In January, 1796, the Territory of Tennessee then containing nearly eighty thousand inhabitants, the people met in convention at Knoxville to frame a con- stitution. Five were sent from each of the eleven counties. Andrew Jackson was one of the delegates. The new State was entitled to but one niemlcr in, the National House of Representatives. Andre>v Jack-i son was chosen that member. Mounting his horse he rode to Philedelphia, where Congress then 1 eld its ANDRE \V JACKSON. sjsjij.is, — a distance of about eight hundred miles. Jackson was an earnest advocate of the Demo- cratic party. Jefferson was his idol. He admired iionaparte, loved France and hated England. As Mr. Jackson took, his seat, Gjn. Washington, whose second term of office was then expiring, delivered his last speech to Congress. A couuniltee drew up a complimentary address in reply. Andrew Jackson did not approve of the address, and was one of the twelve who voted against it. He was not willing to say that Gen. Washington's adminstration had been " wise, firm and patriotic." Mr. Jackson was elected to the United .States Senate in 1797, but soon resigned and returned home. Soon after he was chosen Judge of the Supreme Court of his State, which position he held fjr six years. When the war of 181 2 with tireat Britian com- menced, Madison occupied the Presidential chair. Aaron Burr sent word to tlvs President that there was an unknown man in the West, Andrew Jackson, who would do credit to a commission if one were con- ferred u[X)n him. Just at that time Gen. Jackson offered his services and those of twenty-five hundred volunteers. His offer was accepted, and the troops were assembled at Nashville. As the British were hourly expected to make an at- tack upon New Orleans, where Gen Wilkinson was in command, he was ordered to descend the river with fifteen hundred troops to aid Wilkinson. The expedition reached Natchez; and after a delay of sev- eral weeks there, without accomplishing anything, the men were ordered back to their homes. But the energy Gen. Jackson had displayed, and his entire devotion to the comrfort of his soldiers, won him golden opinions; and he became the most popular man in the State. It was in this expedition that his toughness gave him the nickname of "Old Hickory.' Soon after this, while attempting to horsewhip Col. Thomas H. Benton, for a remark that genlleman made about his taking a part as second in a duel, in which a younger brother of Benton's was engaged, he received two severe pistol wounds. AVhile he was lingering njxin a bed of suffering news came that the Indians, who had combined under Tecumseh from Florida to the Lakes, to exterminate the white set- tlers, were committing the most awful ravages. De- cisive action became necessary. Gen. Jackson, with his fractured bone just beginning to heal, his arm in a sling, and unable to mount his horse without assis- tance, gave his amazing energies to the raising of an army to rendezvous at Fayettesville, .Alabama. The Creek Indians had established a strong fort on one of the bends of theTallauoosa River, near the cen- ter of Alabama, about fifty miles below Fort Strother. With an army of two thousand men. Gen. Jackson traversed the pathless wilderness in a march of eleven days. He reached their fort, called Tohopeka or Horse-shoe, on the 27th of March. 1814. The bend of the river enclosed nearly one hundred acres of tangled forest and wild ravine. Across the narrow neck the Indians had constructed a formidable brea.st- work of logs and brush. Here nine hundred warriors, with an ami)le suplyof arms were assembled. The fort was stormed. The fight was utterly des- perate. Not an Indian would accept of quarter. AV'hcn bleeding and dying, they would fight those who en- deavored to spare their lives. From ten in the morn- ing until dark, the battle raged. The carnage was awful and revolting. Some threw themselves into the river; but the unerring bullet struck their heads as they swam. Nearly everyone of the nine hundred war- rios were killed A few probably, in the night, swam the river and escaped. This ended the war. The power of the Creeks was broken forever. This bold plunge into the wilderness, with its terriffic slaughter, so appalled the savages, that the haggard remnants of the bands came to the camp, begging for peace. This closing of the Creek war enabled us to con- centrate all our militia upon the British, who were the allies of the Indians No man of less resolute will than Gen. Jackson could have conducted this Indian campaign to so successful an issue Immediately he was appointed major-general. Late in August, with an army of two thousand men, on a rushing march, Gen. Jackson came to Mobile. A British fleet came from Pensacola, landed a force upon the beach, anchored near the little fort, and from both ship and shore commenced a furious assault The battle was long and doubtful. At length one of the ships was blown up and the rest retired. Garrisoning Mobile, where he had taken his little army, he moved his troops to New Orleans, And the battle of New Orleans which soon ensued, was in reality a very arduous campaign. This won for Gen. Jackson an imperishable name. Here his troops, which numbered about four thousand men, won a signal victory over the British army of about nine thousand. His loss was but thirteen, while the loss of the British was two thousand six hundred. The name of Gen. Jackson soon began to be men- tioned in connection with the Presidency, but, in 1824, he was defeated by Mr. Adams. He was, however, successful in the election of 1828, and was re-elected for a second term in 1832. In 1829, just before he assumed the reins of the government, he met with the most terrible affliction of his life in the death of his wife, whom he had loved with a devotion which has perha|)s never been surpassed. From the shock of her death he never recovered. His administration was one of the most memorable in the annals of our country; applauded by one party, condemned by the other. No man had more bitter enemies or warmer friends. At the expiration of his two terms of office he retired to the Hermitage, where he died June 8, 1845. The last years of Mr. Jack- son's life were that of a devoted Christian man. ^ 7 ^/Z^^ ^^^Z^? U^L^,.z.^ EIGHTH PRESIDENT. WW^ V^l] MREI]. ^^^.^ ARTIN VAN BUREN, ihe eighth President of the United States, was born at Kinderhooiv, N. Y., Dec. 5, 1782. He died at the same place, July 24, 1S62. His body rests in the cemetery at Kinderhook. Above it is a plain granite shaft fifteen feet high, bearing a simple inscription about half way up on one face, w The lot is unfenced, unbordered or unbounded by shrub or flower. There is but little in the life of Martin Van Buren of romantic interest. He fought no battles, engaged in no wild adventures. Though his life was stormy in lX)litical and intellectual conflicts, and he gained many signal victories, his days passed uneventful in those incidents which give zest to biography. His- an- cestors, as his name indicates, were of Dutch origin, and were among the earliest emigrants from Holhuid to the banks of the Hudson. His father was a farmer, residing in the old town of Kinderhook. His mother, also of Dutch lineage, was a woman of superior intel- ligence and exemplary piety. .■fe was decidedly a precocious boy, developing un- usual activity, vigor and strength of mind. At the age of fourteen, he had finished his academic studies in his native village, and commenced the study of law. As he had not a collegiate education, seven years of study in a law-office were required of liim before he could be admitted to the bar. Inspired witii J. lofty ambition, and conscious of his powers, he pur- sued his studies with indefatig.ible industry. After spending six ye:ir< in an office in 'vj native vilbige. he went to the city of New York, and prosecuted liis studies for the seventh year. In 1803, Mr. Van Buren, then twenty-one years of age, commenced the practice of law in his native vil- lage. The great conflict between the Federal and Republican party was then at its height. Mr. Van Buren was from the beginning a politician. He had, perhaps, imbibed that spirit while listeninig to the many discussions which had been carried on in his father's hotel. He was in cordial sympathy with Jefferson, and earnestly and eloquently espoused the cause of State Rights ; though at that time the Fed- eral party held the supremacy both in his town and State. His success and increasing ruputation led him after six years of practice, to remove to Hudson, th, county seat of his county. Here he spent seven years constantly gaining strengtli by contending in the- courts with some of the ablest men who have adorned the bar of his State. Just before leaving Kinderhook for Hudson, Mi. Van Buren married a lady alike distinguished for beauty and accomplishments. After twelve short years she sank into tiie grave, the victim of consump- tion, leaving her husband and four sons to weep over her loss. For twenty-five years, Mr. Van Buren was an earnest, successful, assiduous lawyer. The record of those years is barren in items of public interest. In 18 1 2, when thirty years of age, he was chosen to the State Senate, and gave his strenuous support to Mr. Madison's adminstration. In 1815, he was ap- pointed Attorney-General, and the next year moved to Albany, the capital of tlie State. '.V'iiile he was acknowledged as one of the most jjominent leaders of the Democratic party, he had 4S MA R TIN VA N B UREN. ihe moral courage to avow that true democracy did not reiiuire that " universal suffrage" which admits the vile, the degraded, the ignorant, to the right of governing the State. In true consistency with his democratic principles, he contended that, while the path leading to the privilege of voting should be open to every man without distinction, no one should be invested with that sacred prerogative, unless he were in some degree qualified for it by intelligence, virtue and some property interests in the welfare of the State. In 182 I he was elected a member of the United States Seriate; and in the same year, he took a seat in the convention to revise the constitution of his native State. His course in this convention secured the approval of men of all parties. No one could doubt the singleness of his endeavors to promote the interests of all classes in the community. In the Senate of tlie United States, he rose at once to a conspicuous position as an active and useful legislator. In 1827, John Quincy Adams being then in the Presidential chair, Mr. Van Buren was re-elected to ihe Senate. He had been from the beginning a de- termined opposer of the Administration, adopting the 'State Rights" view in opposition to what was deemed the Federal proclivities of Mr. Adams. Soon after this, in 1828, he was chosen Governorof the State of New York, and accordingly resigned his seat in the Senate. Probably no one in the United States contributed so much towards ejecting John Q. Adams from the Presidential chair, and placing in it Andrew Jackson, as did Martin Van Buren. Whether entitled to the reputation or not, he certainly was re- garded throughout the United States as one of the most skillful, sagacious and cunning of politicians. It was supposed that no one knew so well as he how to touch the secret springs of action; how to pull all the wires to put his machinery in motion ; and how to organize a political army which would, secretly and Ete.-'lthily accomplish the most gigantic results. By these powers it is said that he outv/itted Mr. Adams, Mr. Clay, Mr. Webster, and secured results which few thought then could be accomplished. When Andrew Jackson was elected President he apjxiinted Mr. Van Buren Secretary of State. This position he resigned in 1831, and was immediately apixjinted Minister to England, where he went the same autumn. The Senate, however, when it met, refsed to ratify the nomination, and he returned home, apparently untroubled; was nominated Vice President in the place of Calhoun, at the re-election of President Jackson ; and with smiles for all and frowns for none, he took his place at tlie head of that Senate which had refused to confirm his nomination as ambassador. His rejection by the Senate roused all the zeal of President Jackson in behalf of his repudiated favor- ite; and this, probably more than any other cause, secured his elevation to the chair of the Chief Execu tive. On the 20th of May, 1836, Mr. Van Buren re- ceived the Democratic nomination to succeed Gen. Jackson as President of the United States. He was elected by a handsome majority, to the delight of the retiring President. " Leaving New York out of the canvass," says Mr. Parton, "the election of Mr. Van Buren to the Presidency was as much the act of Gen. Jackson as though the Constitution had 'conferred upon him the power to appoint a successor." His administration was filled with exciting events. The insurrection in Canada, which threatened to in • volve this country in war with England, the agitation of the slavery question, and finally the great commer- cial jjanic which spread over the country, all were trials to his wisdom. The financial distress was at- tributed to the management of the Democratic party, and brought the President into such disfavor that he failed of re-election. With the exception of being nominated for the Presidency by the "Free Soil" Democrats, in 1848, Mr. Van Buren lived quietly upon his estate until his death. He had ever been a prudent man, of frugal habits, and living within liis income, had now fortunately a competence for his declining years. His unblemished character, his commanding abilities, his unquestioned patriotism, and the distinguished positions which he had occupied in the government of our country, se- cured to him not only the homage of his party, but the respect ot the whole community. It was on the 4th of March, 1841, that Mr. Van Buren retired from the presidency. From his fine estate at Lindenwald^ he still exerted a powerful influence upon the politics of the country. From this time until his death, on the 24th of July, 1862, at the age of eighty years, he resided at Lindenwald, a gentleman of leisure, of culture and of wealth; enjoyir.g in a healthy old age, probably far more happiness than he had before experienced amid the stormy scenes of his active life- ^ ;^/fe-2.^^^K^ NINTH PRESIDENT. 5' ^^ILLIAAr HEX ■■^^ — f^r KY HARRISfCNI. ILLIAM HENRY HARRI- SON, the ninth President of the United States, was horn at Berkeley, Va., Feb. 9, 1773. His father, Benjamin Harri- son, was in comparatively op- ulent circumstances, and was one of the most distinguished men of his day. He was an intimate friend of George Washington, was early elected a member of the Continental Congress, and was conspicuous among the patriots of Virginia in resisting the encroachments of the British crown. In the celebrated Congress of 1775, Benjamin Har- rison and John Hancock were both candidates for the office of speaker. Mr Harrison was subsequently chosen Governor of Virginia, and was twice re-elected. His son, William Henry, of course enjoyed in childhood all the advantages which wealth and intellectual antl cultivated society could give. Hav- i.ig received a thorough comuion-school education, he entered Hampden Sidney College, wiiere he graduated witli honor soon after the deatli of his fatliei. He -hen rejiaired to Philadelphia to study medicine under the instructions of Dr. Rush and the guardianshii) of lObert Morris, both of whom were, with his father, ligners of the Declaration of Independence. Jpon the outbreak of the Indian troubles, and not- withstanding the '■emonstrances of his friends, he ai)ar.dored his medical studies and entered the army, -(aving obtained a commission of Ensign from Presi- dent Washington. He was then but 19 years old. From that time he passed gradually upward in rank until he became aid to General Wayne, after whose death he resigned his commission. He was then ap- pointed Secretary of the North-western Territory. This Territory .vas then entitled to but one member in Congress and Capt. Harrison was chosen to fill that position. In the spring of 1800 the North-western Territory was divided by Congress into two portions. The eastern portion, comprising the region now embraced in the State of Ohio, was called " The Territory north-west of the Ohio." The western portion, which included what is now called Indiana, Illinois and \\'isconsin, was called the "Indiana 'I'erritory." Wil . liam Henry Harrison, then 27 years of age, was ap pointed by John Adams, Governor of the Indiana Territory, and immediately after, also Governor of Upper Louisiana. He was thus ruler over almost as extensive a realm as any sovereign upon the globe. He was Superintendent of Indian Affairs, and was in- vested with powers nearly dictatorial over the now rapidly increasing white population. The ability and fidelity with which he discharged these responsible duties may be inferred from the fact that he was four times appointed to this office' — first by John Adams, twice by Thomas Jefferson and afterwards by Presi- dent Madison. When he began his adminstration there were but three white settlements in that almost boundless region, now crowded with cities and resotinding with all the tumult of wealth and traffic. One of these settlements was on the Ohio, nearly opposite Louisville; one at Vincennes, on the Wabash, and the third a French settlement. The vast wilderness over which Gov. Flarrisoi. reigned was filled with many tribes of Indians. Abou' U. 0. ILL LIB. WILLIAM HENRY HARRISON. the year 1806, two extraordinary men, twin brothers, of the Shawnese tribe, rose among them. One of these was called Tecumseh, or " The Crouching Panther;" the other, Olliwacheca, or " The Prophet." Tecumseh was not only an Indian warrior, but a man of great sagacity, far-reaching foresight and indomit- able perseverance in any enterprise ni which he might engage. He was inspired with the highest enthusiasm, and had long regarded with dread and with hatred tlie encroachment of the whites upon the hunting- grounds of his fathers. His brother, the Prophet, was anorator, who could sway the feelings of the untutored Indian as the gale tossed the tree-tops beneath which I hey dwelt. liut the Prophet was not merely anorator: he was, i 1 the superstitious minds of the Indians, invested with the superhuman dignity of a medicine-man or a ni-igician. With an enthusiasm unsurpassed by Peter the Hermit rousing Europe to the crusades, he went frum tribe to tribe, assuming that he was specially sent by the Great Si)irit. Gov. Harrison made many attempts to conciliate the Indians, but at last the war came, and at Tippe- canoe the Indians were routed with great slaughter. October 28, 18 12, his army began its march. When near the Prophet's town three Indians of rank made their appearance and inquired why Gov. Harrison was aporoaching them in so hostile an attitude. After a short conference, arrangements were made for a meet- ing the next day, to agree upon terms of peace. But Gov. Harrison was too well acquainted with the Indian character to be deceived by such protes- tations Selecting a favorable spot for his night's en- campment, he took every precaution against surprise. His troops were posted in a hollow square, and slept upon their arms. The troops threw themselves upon the ground for rest; but every man had his accourtrements on, his loaded musket by his side, and his bayonet fixed. The wakeful Governor, between three and four o'clock in the mornint:, had risen, and was sitting in conversa- tion with his aids by the embers of a waning fire. It was a chill, cloudy morning with a drizzling rain. In the darkness, the Indians had creiit as" near as possi- ble, and just then, with a savage yell, rushed, with all the desperation which superstition and passion most liighly inflamed could give, upon the left flank of the little army. The savages had been amply provided with guns and ammunition by the English. Their war-whoop was accompained by a shower of bullets. The camp-fires were instantly extinguished, as the light aided the Indians in their aim. With hide- jus yells, the Indian bands rushed on, not doubting a speedy and an entire victory. But Gen. Harrison's troops stood as immovable as the rocks around them until day dawned ". they then made a simultaneous charge with the bayonet, and swept every thing be- fore them, and completely routing th^ foe. Gov. Harrison now had all his energies tasked to the utmost. The British descending from the Can - adas, were of themselves a very formidable force ; but with their savage allies, rushing like wolves from the forest, searching out every remote farm-house, burn- ing, plundering, scalping, torturing, the wide frontier was plunged into a state of consternation whicli even the most vivid imagination can but faintly conceive. The war-whoop was resounding everywhere in the forest. The horizon was illuminated with the conflagra- tion of the cabins of the settlers. Gen Hull had made the ignominious surrender of his forces at Detroit. Under these despairing circumstances. Gov. Harrison was appointed by President Madison commander-in- chief of the North-western army, with orders to retake D..'troit, and to protect the frontiers. It would be difficult to place a man in a situation demanding more energy, sagacity and courage; but General Harrison was found equal to the position, and nobly and triumphantly did he meet all the re- sponsibilities. He won the love of his soldiers by always sharin? with them their fatigue. His whole baggage, while , pursuing the foe up the Thames, was carried in a valise; and his bedding consisted of a single blanket lashed over his saddle. Thirty-five British officers, his prisoners of war, supped with him after the battle. The only fare he could give them was beef roasted before the fire, without bread or salt. In 18 1 6, Gen. Harrison was chosen a member ol the National House of Representatives, to represent the District of Ohio. In Congress he proved an active member; and whenever he sjwke, it was with force of reason and power of eloquence, wliich arrested the attention of all the members. In 1S19, Harrison was elected to the Senate of Ohio; and in 1824, as one of the presidential electors of that State, he gave his vote for Henry Clay. The same year he was chosen to the United States Senate. In 1S36, the friends of Gen. Harrison brough!: him forward as a candidate for the Presidency against Van Buren, but he was defeated. At the close of Mr. Van Buren's term, he was re-nomii^ated by his party, and Mr. Harrison was unanimously nominated by the Whigs, with John Tyler for the Vice Presidency. The contest was very animated. Gen. Jackson gave all his influence to prevent Harrison's election ; but his triumph was signal. The cabinet which he formed, with Daniel Webstei at its head as Secretary of State, vvas one of the most brilliant with which any President had ever been surrounded. Never were the prospects of an admin- istration more flattering, or the hopes of the country more sanguine. In the midst of these bright and Joyous prospects. Gen. Harrison was seized by a pleurisv-fever and after a few days of violent sick- , ness, died on the 4th of April ; just one month after his inausuration as President of the United States. '^vn. TENTH PRESIDENT. 55 :,,^m JOHM T Y OHN TYLER, the tenth Presidentof the United States. He was born in Charles-city Co., Va., March 29, 1790. He was the favored child of af- fluence and high social po- sition. At the early age of twelve, John entered William and Mary College and grad- uated with much honor when but seventeen years old. After graduating, he devoted him- self with great assiduity to the study of law, partly with his father and p.irtly with Edmund \%i Randolph, one of the most distin- guished lawyers of Virginia. At nineteen years of age, ne commenced the practice of law. His success was rapid and aston- ishing. It is said that three months had not elapsed ere there was scarcely a case on the dock- et of the court in which he was fiCt retained. When but twenty-one years of age, he was almost unanimoi.sly e'ected to a seat in the State Eagislature. He connected himself with the Demo- cratic party, and warmly advocated the measures of Jefferson and Madison. For five successive years he w.!s elected to the I^egislature, receiving nearly the unanimous vote or his county. When but twenty-six years of age, he was elected a member of Congress. Here he acted earnestly and ably with the Democratic party, opposing a national bank, internal improvements by the General <<)vern- ment, a protective tariff, and advocatmg a strict con- struction of the Constitution, and the most careful vigilance over State rights. His labors in Congress were so arduous that before the close of his second term he found it necessary to resign and retire to his estate in Charles-city Co., to recruit his health. He, however, soon after consented to take his seat in the State Legislature, where his influence was powerful in [iromoting public works of great utility. With a reputation thus canstantly increasing, he was chosen by a very large majority of votes. Governor of his native State. His administration was signally a suc- cessful one. His popularity secured his re-election. John Randolph, a brilliant, erratic, half-crazed man, then represented Virginia in the Senate of the United States. A portion of the Democratic party was displeased with Mr. Randolph's wayward course, and brought forward John Tyler as his opponent, considering him the only man in Virginia of sufficient popularity to succeed against the renowned orator of Roanoke. Mr. T\ler was the victor. In accordance with his professions, upon taking his seat in the Senate, he joined the ranks of the opposi- tion. He opposed the tariff; he spoke against and voted against the bank as unconstitutional ; he stren- uously opposed all restrictions ui)on slavery, resist- ing all projects of internal improvements by tlic Gen- eral Government, and avowed his sympathy with Mr. Calhoun's view of nullification ; he declared that Gen. Jackson, by his opposition to the nullifiers, had abandoned the piinciples of the Democratic party. Such was Mr. Tyler's record in Congress, — a record in perfect accordance with the principles which he had always avowed. Returning to Virginia, he resumed the practice of Iiis profession. There was a cplit in the Democratic JOHN TYLER. party. His friends still regarded him as a true Jef- lersonian, gave him a dinner, and showered compli- ments upon him. He had now attained the age of forty-six. His career had been very brilliant. In con- sequence of his devotion to public business, his pri- vate affairs had fallen into some disorder; and it was not without satisfaction that he resumed the practice of law, and devoted himself to the culture of his plan- tation. Soon after this he removed to Williamsburg, for the better education of his children ; and he again took his seat in the Legislature of Virginia. By the Southern Whigs, he was sent to the national convention at Harrisburg to nominate a President in '839. The majority of votes were given to Gen. Har- rison, a genuine Whig, much to the disappointment of the South, who wished for Henry Clay. To concili- ate the Southern Whigs and to secure their vote, the convention then nominated John Tyler for Vice Pres- ident. It was well known that he was not in sympa- thy with the Whig party in the Noith : but the Vice President has but very little power in the Govern- ment, his main and almost only duty being to pre- side over the meetings of the Senate. Thus it hap- (jened that a Whig President, and, in reality, a Democratic Vice President were chosen. In 1841, Mr. Tyler was inaugurated Vice Presi- dent of the United States. In one short month from that time. President Harrison died, and Mr. Tyler thuj .cund himself, to his own surprise and that of the whole Nation, an occupant of the Presidential chair. This was a new test of the stability of our institutions, as it was the first time in the history of our country that such an event had occured. Mr. Tyler was at home in Williamsburg when he received the unexpected tidings of the death of President Harri- son. He hastened to Washington, and on the 6th of April was inaugurated to the high and responsible office. He was placed in a ix)sition of exceeding delicacy and difficulty. All his longlife he had been opjxjsed to the main i)rinciples of the party which had brought him into power. He had ever been a con- sistent, hone~t man, with an unbleniLshed record. Gen. Harrison had selected a Whig cabinet. Should he retain them, and thus suiround himself with coun- sellors whose views were antagonistic to his own.' or, on the other hand, should he turn against the party which had elected him and select a cabinet in har- mony with himself, and which would oppose all those views which the Whigs deemed essential to the pub- lic welfare? This was his fearful dilemma. He in- vited the cabinet which President Harrison had ^'elected to retain their seats. He reccommended a ' day of fasting and prayer, that God would guide and bless us. The Whigs carried through Congress a bill for the incorporation of a fiscal bank of the United States. The President, after ten days' delay, returned it with his veto. He isuaaested, however, that he ^vould approve of a bill drawn up upon such a plan as he proposed. Such a bill was accordingly prepared, and privately Eubrnitted to him. He gave it his approval. It ;vas passed without alteration, and he sent it back with his veto. Here commenced the open rupture. It is said that Mr. Tyler was provoked to this meas- ure by a published letter from the Hon. John M. Botts, a distinguished Virginia Whig, who severely touched the pride of the President. The opposition now exultingly received the Presi- dent into their arms. The party which elected him denounced him bitterly. All the members of his cabinet, excepting Mr. Webster, resigned. The Whigs of Congress, both the Senate and the House, held a meeting and issued an address to the people of the United States, proclaiming that all political alliance between the Whigs and President Tyler were at an end. Still the President attempted to conciliate. He appointed a new cabinet of distinguished Whigs and Conservatives, carefully leaving out all strong party men. Mr. Webster soon found it necessaiy to resign, forced out by the pressure of his Whig friends. Thus the four years of Mr. Tyler's unfortunate administra- tion ])assed sadly away. No one was satisfied. The land was filled with murmurs and vitu])eration. Whigs and Democrats alike assailed him. More and more, however, he brought himself into svmpathy with his old friends, the Democrats, until at the close of his term, he gave his whole influence to the support of Mr. Polk, the Democratic candidate for his successor. On the 4th of March, 1845, he retired from the harassments of office, tothe regret of neitherparty, and probably to his own unspeakable lelief. His first wife, Miss Letitia Christian, died in Washington, in 1842; and in June, 1844, President Tyler was again married, at New York, to Miss Julia Gardiner, a young lady of many personal and intellectual accomplishments. The remainder of his days Mr. Tyler passed mainly in retirement at his beautiful home, — Sherwood For- est, Charles city Co., Va. A polished gentleman in his manners, richly furnished with information from books and experience in the world, and jxissessing brilliant powers of conversation, his family circle was the scene of unusual attractions. With sufficient means for the exercise of a generous hospitality, he might have enjoyed a serene old age with the few friends who gathered around him, were it not for the storms of civil war which his own principles and policy had helped to introduce. When the great Rebellion rose, which the State- rights and nullifying doctrines of Mr. John C. Cal- houn had inaugurated, President Tyler renounced his allegiance to the United States, and joined the Confed- erates. He was chosen a member of their Congress; and while engaged in active measures to destroy, b" force of arms, the Government over which he had once presided, he was taken sick and soon died. ^x -^ C'C- ,J^ V7"i^>'as sent first to Nueces, which the Mexicans said wis the western boundary of Texas. Then he was sent nearly two hundred miles further west, to the Rio Grande, where he erected batteries which commanded the Mexican city of Matamoras, which was situated 01: the western banks. The anticipated collision soon took place, and wa: was declared against Mexico by President Polk. The war was pushed forward by Mr. Polk's administration with great vigor. Gen. Taylor, whose army was first called one of "observation," then of "occupation," then of " invasion, "was sent forward to Monterey. The feeble Mexicans, in every encounter, were hopelessly and awfully slaughtered. The day of judgement alone can reveal the misery which this war caused. It Vv^as by the ingenuity of Mr. Polk's administration that the war was brought on. ' To the victors belong the spoils." Mexico was prostrate before us. Her capital was in our hands. We now consented to peace upon the condition that Mexico should surrender to us, in addition to Texas, all of New Mexico, and all of Upper and Lower Cal- ifornia. This new demand embraced, exclusive of Texas, eight hundred thousand square miles. This was an extent of territory equal to nine States of the size of New York. Thus slavery was securing eighteen majestic States to be added to the Union. There were some Americans who thought it all right : there wert; others who thought it all wrong. In the prosecution of this war, we expended twenty thousand lives and more than a hundred million of dollars. Of this money fifteen millions were paid to Mexico. On the 3d of March, 1849, Mr. Polk retired from office, having served one term. The next day was Sunday. On the 5th, Gen. Taylor was inaugurated as his successor. Mr Polk rode to the Capitol in the same carriage with Gen. Taylor; and the same even- ing, with Mrs. Polk, he commenced his return to Tennessee. He was then but fifty-four years of age. He had ever been strictly temperate in all his habits, and his health was good. With an ample fortune, a choice library, a cultivated mind, and domestic ties of the dearest nature, it seemed as though long years of tranquility and happiness were before him. But the cholera — that fearful scourge— was then sweeping up the Valley of the Mississippi. This he contracted, and died on the isthofjune, 1S49, in the fifii'-fourth year of his age, greatly mourned by his couiurymeu. 'y^cx^<:::A.^:pc.-^yy^y(pcyy^ TWELFTH PRESIDENT. 63 ^^,-^r-^ W -'^" ^^^ ACHARV TAYLOR, twelfth (^ President of the United States, '^ was born on the 24th of Nov., .j\ 1784, in Orange Co., Va. His Jo father. Colonel Taylor, was a Virginian of note, and a dis- tinguished patriot and soldier of the Revolution. When Zachary was an infant, his father with liis wife and two children, emigrated to Kentucky, where he settled in the pathless wilderness, a few miles from Louisville. In thisfront- ?i\7 ier home, away from civilization and I all its refinements, yjung Zachary could enjoy but few social and educational advan- tages. When six years of age he attended a common school, and was then regarded as a bright, active boy, rather remarkable for bluntness and decision of char- acter He was strong, feailess and self-reliant, and manifested a strong desire to enter the army to fight •ho Indians who were ravaging the frontiers. There is little to be-recorded of the uneventful years of his childhood on his father's large but lonely plantation. In 1808, his father succeeded in obtaining for him the commission of lieutenant in the United States army ; and he joined the troops which were stationed at New Orleans under Gen. Wilkinson. Soon after this he married Miss Margaret Smith, a young lady ■roni one of the first families of Maryland. Immediately after the declaration of war with Eng- land, in 18 1 2, Capt. Taylor (for he had then been promoted to that rank) was put in command of Fort Harrison, on the Wabash, about fifty miles above Vincennes. This' fort had been built in the wilder- ness by Gen. Harrison, on his march to Tippecanoe. It was one of the first points of attack by the Indians, Jcd by Tecumseh. Its garrison consisted of a broken company of infantry numbering fifty men, many of whom were sick. Early in the autumn of i8i?, the Indians, stealthily, and in large numbers, moved ujxin the fort. Their approach was first indicated by the murder of two soldiers just outside of the stockade. Capt. Taylor made every possible preparation to meet the antici- pated assault. On the 4th of September, a band of forty painted and plumed savages came to the fort, waving a white flag, and informed Caj)t. Taylor that in the morning their chief would come to have a talk with him. It was evident that their object was merely to ascertain the state of things at the fort, and Capt. Taylor, well versed in the wiles of the savages, kept them at a distance. The sun went down; the savages disappeared, the garrison slept upon their arms. One hour before midnight the war whoop burst from a thousand lips in the forest around, followed by the discharge of musketry, and the rush of the foe. Every man, sick and well, sprang to his post. Every man knew that defeat was not merely death, but in the case of cap- ture, death by the most agonizing and prolonged tor- ture. No pen can describe, no immagination can conceive the scenes which ensued. Tiie savages suc- ceeded in setting fire to one of the block-houses- Until si.x o'clock in tlie morning, tiiis awful conflict continued. The savages tiien, baffled at every point, and gnashing their teeth with rage, retired. Capt. Taylor, for tliis gallant defence, was promoted to the rank of major by brevet. Until the close of the war. Major Ta\lur was placed in such situations tiiat he saw but little more of active service. He was sent far away into the depths of the wilderness, to Fort Crawford, on F'ox River, which empties into Green Bay. Here there was but little to be done but to wear away the tedious hours as one best could. There were no books, no society, no in- H ZACHARY TAYLOR tellectual stimulus. Thus with him the uneventful years rolled on Gradually he rose to the rank of colonel. In the Black Hawk war, which resulted in the capture of that renowned chieftain, Col Taylor took a subordinate but a brave and eflicient part. For twenty-four years Col. Taylor was engaged in the defence of the frontiers, in scenes so remote, and in employments so obscure, that his name was unknown oeyond the limits of his own immediate acquaintance. In the year 1836, he was sent to Florida to compel the Seminole Indians to vacate that region and re- tire beyond the Mississippi, as their chiefs by treaty, iiac promised they should do. The services rendered he;e secured for Col. Taylor the high appreciation of ihe Government; and as a reward, he was elevated tc he rank of brigadier-general by brevet ; and soon after, in May, 1838, was appointed to the chief com- mand of the United States troops in Florida. After two years of sucti wearisome employment amidst the everglades of the peninsula, Gen. Taylor obtained, at his own request, a change of command, r.nd was stationed over the Department of the South- west. This field embraced Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama and Georgia. Establishing his headquarters ai Fort Jessup, in Louisiana, he removed his family to a plantation which he purchased, near Baton Rogue. Here he remained for five years, buried, as it were, from the world, but faithfully discharging every duty imposed upon him. In 1846, Gen. Taylor was sent to guard the land between the Nueces and Rio Grande, the latter river being the boundary of Texas, which was then claimed l)y the United States. Soon the war with Me.\ico was brought on, and at Palo Alto and Resaca de la Palma, Gen. Taylor won brilliant victories over the Mexicans. The rank of major-general by brevet was then conferred upon Gen. Taylor, and his name Was received with enthusiasm almost everjwhere in the Nation. Then came the battles of Monterey and Buena Vista in which he won signal victories over forces much larger than he commanded. His careless habits of dress and his unaffected f-iniplicity, secured for Gen. Taylor among his troops, the sobriquet of " Old Rough and Ready.' The tidings of the brilliant victory of Buena Vista •pread the wildest enthusiasm over the country. The name of Gen. Taylor was on every one's lips. The Whig party decided to take advantage of this wonder- ful po])ularity in bringing forward the unpolished, un- lettered, honest soldier as their candidate for the Presidency. Gen. Taylor was astonished at the an- nouncement, and for a time would not listen to it; de- claring that he was not at all qualified for such an office. So little interest had he taken in politics that, for forty years, he had not cast a vote. It was not without chagrin that several distinguished statesmen ■who had been long years in the public service found •l.iir claims set aside in behalf of one whose name had never been heard of, save in connection with Palo Alto, Resaca de la Palma, Monterey and Buena Vista. It is said that Daniel Webster, in his haste re- marked, " It is a nomination not fit to be made." Gen. Taylor was not an eloquent speaker nor a fine wrfiter His friends took possession of him, and pre- pared such few communications as it was needful should be presented to the public. The popularity of the successful warrior swept the land. He was tri- umphantly elected over two opposing candidates, — Gen. Cass and E.\-President Martin Van Buren. Though he selected an excellent cabinet, the good old man found himself in a very uncongenial position, and was, at times, sorely perplexed and harassed. His mental sufferings were very severe, and probably tended to hasten his death. The pro-slavery party was pushing its claims with tireless energy , expedi- tions were fitting out to capture Cuba; California was pleading for admission to the Union, vi'hile slavery stood at the door to bar her out. Gen. Taylor found the political conflicts in Washington to be far more trjdng to the nerves than battles with Mexicans or Indians. In the midst of all these troubles. Gen. Taylor, after he had occupied the Presidential chair but little over a year, took cold, and after a brief sickness of but little over five days, died on the gih of July, r85o. His last words were, " I am not afraid to die. I am ready. I have endeavored to do my duty." He died universally respected and beloved. An honest, un- pretending man, he had been steadily growing in the affections of the people ; and the Nation bitterly la- mented his death. Gen. Scott, who was thoroughly acquainted with Gen. Taylor, gave the following graphic and truthful description of his character: — " With a good store of common sense, Gen. Taylor's mind had not been en- larged and refreshed by reading, or much converse with the world. Rigidity of ideas was the conse- quence. The frontiers and small military posts had been his home. Hence he was quite ignorant for his rank, and quite bigoted in his ignorance. His sim- plicity was child-like, and with innumerable preju- dices, amusing and incorrigible, well suited to the tender age. Thus, if a man, however respectable, chanced to wear a coat of an unusual color, or his hat a little on one side of his head; or an officer to leave a corner of his handkerchief dangling from an out- side pocket, — in any such case, this critic held the offender to be a coxcomb (perhaps something worse), whom he would not, to use his oft repeated phrase, ' touch with a pair of tongs.' "Any allusion to literature beyond good old Dil- worth's spelling-book, on the part of one wearing a sword, was evidence, with the same judge, of utter unfitness for heavy marchings and combats. In short few men have ever had a more comfortaoie, labor- saving contempt for learning of every kind." Z^^-2^ ^^C^^^^i-'-t^ixru) THIRTEENTH PRESIDENT. 67 ;;SS":SS's^r^!S»5'-"Si^j;"5-*:J-i;iS-»?S!S-s«5!S-3>5;i,c<4»S'-^ ^'MILLflRn FILLMDRE. i-!' 'I4- "iM- — ^ ^^^ii'&-' 4^ ILLARD FILLMORE, thir- teenth I'residentofthe Lniiteii States, was born at Summer Hill, Cayuga Co., N. Y ., on the 7th of January, 1800. His father was a farmer, and ow- ing to misfortune, in humlile cir- cumstances. Of his mother, the daughter of Dr. Abiathar Millard, ^\ of Pittsfield, Mass., it lias been said that she possessed an intellect of very high order, united with much personal loveliness, sweetness of dis- position, graceful manners and ex- quisite sensibilities. She died in 1831 ; having lived to see her son a young man of distinguished prom- ise, though she was not permitted to witness the high dignity which he finally attained. In conseiiuence of the secluded home and limited means of his father, Millard enjoyed but slender ad- vantages for education in his early years. The com- mon schools, rt-hi< h he occasionally attended were very imperfect institutions; and books were scarce snd expensive. There was nothing then in his char- acter to indicate the brilliant career u]X)n which he was about to enter. He was a plain farmer's boy; intelligent, good-looking, kind-hearted. The sacred influences of home had taught him to revere the Bible, and had laid the foundations of an upright character. When fourteen years of age, his father sent him some hundred miles from home, to the then wilds of Livingston County, to learn the trade of a clothier. Near the mill there was a small villiage, where some enterprising man had commenced the collection of a village library. This proved an inestimable blessing to young Fillmore. His evenings were spent in read- ing. Soon every leisure moment was occupied with books. His thirst fur knowledge became insatiate and the selections which he made were continually more elevating and instructive. He read history, biography, oratory, and thus gradually there was en- kindled in his heart a desire to be something more than a mere worker with his hands; and he was be- coming, almost unknown to himself, a well-informed, educated man. The young clothier had now attained the age of nineteen years, and was of fine personal appearance and cf gentlemanly demeanor. It so happened tha'. there was a gentleman in the neighborhood of ample pecuniary means and of benevolence, — Judge Walter Wood, — who was struck with the prepossessing ap- pearance of young Fillmore. He made his acquaint- ance, and was so much impressed with his ability and attainments that he advised him to abandon his trade and devote himself to the study of the law. The young man replied, that he had no means of his own, r.o friends to help him and that his previous educa- tion had been very imperfect. But Judge Wood had so much confidence in him that he kindly offered to take him into his own office, and to loan him sucli money as he needed. Most gratefully the generous offer was accepted. There is in many minds a strange delusion abou'; a collegiate education. A young man is supposed to be liberally educated if he has graduated at some col- lege. But many a boy loiters through university halls nnd then enters a law office, who is by no means as b6 MILLARD FILLMORE. well prepared to prosecute his legal studies as was Millard Fillmore when he graduated at the clothing- mill at the end of four years of manual labor, during which every leisure moment had been devoted to in- tense mental culture. In 1823, when twenty-three years of age, he was admitted to the Court of Common Pleas. He then went to the village of Aurora, and commenced the practice of law. In this secluded, peaceful region, his practice of course was limited, and there was no opportunity for a sudden rise in fortune or in fame. Here, in the year 1S26, he married a lady of great moral worth, and one capable of adorning any station she might be called to fill, — Miss Abigail Powers. His elevation of character, his untiring industry-, his legal acquirements, and his skill as an advocate, gradually attracted attention ; and he was invited to enter into partnership under highly advantageous circumstances, with an elder member of the bar in Buffalo. Just before removing to Buffalo, in 1829, he took his seat in the House of Assembly, of the State of New York, as a representative from Erie County. Though he had never taken a very active part in politics, his vote and his sympathies were with the Whig party. The State was then Democratic, and he found himself in a helpless minority in the Legislature , still the testimony comes from all parlies, Ihat his courtesy, ability and integrity, won, to a very unusual degrt e the respect of his associates. In the autumn of 1832, he was elected to a seat in the United States Congress. He entered that troubled irena in some of the most tumultuous hours of our national history. The great conflict respecting the national bank and the removal of the deposits, was then raging. His term of two years closed ; and he returned to his profession, which he pursued with increasing rep- utation and success. After a lapse of two years he again became a candidate for Congress ; was re- elected, and took his seat in 1837. His past e.xpe • rience as a representative gave hnn stiength and confidence. The first term of service in Congress to any man can be but little more than an introduction. He was now prepared for active duty. All his ener- gies were brought to bear uixsn the public good. Every measure received his impress. Mr. Fillmore was now a man of wide repute, and his popularity filled the State, and in the year 1847, he was elected Comptroller of the State. Mr. Fillmore had attained the age of forty-seven years. His labors at the bar, in the Legislature, in Congress and as Comptroller, had given him very con- siderable fame. The Whigs were casting about to find suitable candidates for President and Vice-Presi- dent at the approaching election. Far away, on the waters of the Rio Grande, there was a rough old soldier, who had fought one or two successful battles with the Mexicans, which had caused his name to be proclaimed in tiumpet-tones all over the land. But it was necessary to associate with him on the same ticket some man of l-eputation as a statesman. Under the influence of these considerations, the namesofZachary Taylor and Millard Fillmore became the rallying-cry of the Whigs, as their candidates for President and Vice-Peesident. The Whig ticket was signally triumphant. On the 4th of March, 1849, Gen. Taylor was inaugurated President, and Millard Filln.ore Vice-President, of the United States. On the 9th of July, 1850, President Taylor, but about one year and four months after his inaugura- tion, was suddenly taken sick and died. By the Con- stitution. Vice-President Fillmore thus became Presi- dent. He appointed a very able cabinet, of which the illustrious Daniel Webster was Secretar)- of State. Mr. Fillniore had very serious difficulties to contend with, since the opposition had a majority in both Houses. He did everything in his power tocontiliate the South ; but the pro-slavery party in the South felt the inadequacy of all measuresof transient conciliation. The population of the free States was so rapidly in- creasing over that of the slave States that it was in- evitable that the power of the Government should soon pass into the hands of the free States. The famous compromise measures were adopted under Mr. Fillmcre's adminstration, and the Japan Expedition was sent out. On the 4th of March, 1853, Mr. Fill- more, having served one term, retired. In 1856, iSIr. Fillmore was nominated for the Pres- idency by the " Know Nothing " party, but was beaten by Mr. Buchanan. After that Mr. Fillmore lived in retirement. During the terrible conflict of civil war, he was mostly silent. It was generally supposed that his sympathies were rather with those who were en- deavoring to overthrow our institutions. President Fillmore kept aloof from the conflict, without any cordial words of cheer to the one party or the other. He was thus forgotten by both. He lived to a ripe old age, and died in Buffalo. N. Y., March S, 1874, FOURTEENTH PRESIDENT 71 ^k.ij£&aj> ^ ••" c-;o^':;r> ^'-FRflNKLIN PIERCE.-^ .^^|:;jpvs^^ RANKLIN PIERCE, the loLirteenth President of the ' United States, was born in Hillsborough, N. H., Nov. 23, 1804. His father was a Revolutionary soldier, who, with his own strong arm, hewed out a liome in the wilderness. He was a man of inflexible integrity; of strong, though uncultivated mind, and an uncompromis- ing Democrat. The mother of Franklin Pierce was all that a son could desire, — an intelligent, pru- dent, affectionate, Christian Wom- an. Franklin was the sixth of eight children. Franklin was a very bright and handsome boy, gen- erous, warm-hearted and brave. He won alike the love of old and young. The boys on the play ground loved him. His teachers loved him. Theneighljors looked upon him with pride and affection. He was by instinct a gentleman; always speaking kind words, doing kind deeds, with a peculiar unstudied tact which taught him what was agreeable. Witiiout de- veloping any precocity of genius, or any unnatural devotion to books, he was a good scholar; in body, in mind, in affections, a finely-developed boy. When sixteen years of age, in the year 1820, he entered Bovvdoin College, at Brunswick, Me He was one of the most popular young men in the college. The purity cf his moral character, the unvarying courtesy of his demeanor, his rank as a scholar, and genial nature, rendered him a universal favorite. There was something very peculiarly winning in his address, and it was evidently not in the slightest de- gree studied: it was the simple outgushing of his own magnanimous and loving nature. Upon graduating, in the year 1824, Franklin Pierce conimenced the study of law in the office of Judge Woodbury, one of the most distinguished lawyers of the State, and a man of great private worth. The eminent social qualities of the young lawyer, his father's prominence as a public man, and the brilliant political career into which Judge Woodbury was en- tering, all tended to entice .Mr. Pierce into the faci- nating yet perilous path of political life. With all the ardor of his nature he espoused the cause of Gen. Jackson for the Presidency. He commenced the practice of law in Hillsborough, and was soon elected to represent the town in the State Legislature. Here he served for four yeais. The last two years he was chosen speaker of the house by a very large vote. In 1833, at the age of twenty-nine, he was elected a member of Congress. Without taking an active part in debates, he was faithful and laborious in duty, and ever rising in the estimation of those with whom he was associatad. In 1837, being then but thirty-three years of age, he was elected to the Senate of the United States; taking his seat just as Mr. Van Buren commenced his administration. He was the youngest member in the Senate. In the year 1834, he married Miss Jane Means Appleton, a lady of rare beauty and accom- plishments, and one admirably fitted to adorn every station with which her husband was honoied. Of the 72 FRANKLIN FIERCE. three sons who were bom to them, all now sleep with their parents in the grave. In tlie year 183S, Mr. Pierce, with growing fame and increasing business as a lawyer, took up his residence in Concord, the capital of New Hampshire. President Polk, upon his accession to office, appointed Mr. Pierce attorney-general of the United States; but the offer was declined, in consequence of numerous professional engagements at home, and the precariuos state of Mrs. Pierce's health. He also, about the same time declined the nomination for governor by the Democratic party. The war with Mexico called Mr. Pierce in the army. Receiving the appointment of brigadier-general, he embarked, with a portion of his troops, at Newport, R. I., on the 27th of May, 1S47. He took an important part in this war, proving him- self a brave and true soldier. When Gen. Pierce reached his home in his native State, he was received enthusiastically by the advo- cates of the Mexican war, and coldly by his oppo- nents. He resumed the practice of his profession, very frequently taking an active part in political ques- tions, giving his cordial support to the pro-slavery wing of the Democratic party. The compromise measures met cordially with his approval ; and he strenuously advocated the enforcement of the infa- ir.ous fugitive-slave law, which so shocked the religious sensibilities of the North. He thus became distin- guished as a "Northern man with Southern principles.'' The strong partisans of slavery in the South conse- quently regarded him as a man whom they could safely trust in office to carry out their plans. On the i2th of June, 1852, the Democratic conven- tion met in Baltimore to nominate a candidate for the Presidency. For four days they continued in session, and in thirty-five ballotings no one had obtained a two-thirds vote. Not a vote thus far had been thrown for Gen. Pierce. Then the Virginia delegation brought forward his name. There were fourteen more ballotings, during which Gen. Pierce constantly gained strength, until, at the forty-niiith ballot, he received two hundred and eighty-two votes, and all other candidates eleven. Gen. Winfield Scott was the Whig candidate. Gen. Pierce was chosen with great unanimity. Only four States — Vermont, Mas- sachusetts, Kentucky and Tennessee — cast their electoral votes against him Gen. Franklin Pieice was therefore inaugurated President of the United States on the 4th of March, 1853. His administration proved one of the most stormy our country had ever e.xperienced. The controversy be- tween slavery and freedom was then approaching its culminating point Ii became evident that there was an "irrepressible conflict " between them, and that this Nation could not long exist " half slave and half free." President Pierce, during the whole of his ad- ministration, did every thing he could to conciliate the South ; but it was all in vain. The conflict every year grew more violent, and threats of the dissolution of the Union were borne to the North on every South- ern breeze. Such was the condition of affairs when President Pierce approached the close of his four-years' term of office. The North had become thoroughly alien- ated from him. The anti-slavery sentiment, goaded by great outrages, had been rapidly increasing; all the intellectual ability and social worth of President Pierce were forgotten in deep re[)rehension of his ad- ministrative acts. The slaveholders of the South, also, unmindful of the fidelity with which he had advo- cated ti'iose measures of Government which they ap- proved, and perhaps, also, feeling that he had rendered himself so unpopular as no longer to be • able acceptably to serve them, ungratefully dropped him, and nominated James Buchanan to succeed him. On the 4th of March, 1857, President Pierce re- tired to his home in Concord. Of three children, two had died, and his only surviving child had been killed before his eyes by a railroad accident ; and his wife, one of the most estimable and accomplished of ladies, was rapidly sinking in consumption. The hour of dreadful gloom soon came, and he was left alone in the world, without wife or child. When the terrible Rebellion burst forth, which di- vided our country into two parties, and two only, Mr. Pierce remained steadfast in the principles which he had always cherished, and gave his sympathies to that pro-slavery party with which he had ever been allied. He declined to do anything, either by voice or pen, to strengthen the hand of the National Gov- ernment. He continued to reside- in Concord until the time of his death, which occurred in October, 1869. He was one of the most genial and social of men, an honored communicant of the Episcopal Church, and one of the kindest of neighbors. Gen- erous to a fault, he contributed liberally for the al- leviation of suffering and want, and many of his towns- people were often gladencd by his material bounty. -(Ss '■^^71^ J adPu^-i^Zy7l€^^?/:P I'IFTEENTH PRESIDENT. 75 \tS — ■ UA ^» |JBs'spi^^^a<^^a^&^a[^^j!^^l^^j!^ili:^ZiiH!^^ <««: •-*- -^^ AMES BUCHANAN, the fif- teenth- President of the United States, was born in a small frontier town, at the foot of the eastern ridge of the Allegha- nies, in Franlilin Co., Penn., on i^ijSi the 23d of April, 1791. The place where the humble cabin of his father stuod was called Stony Batter. It was a wild and 10- ijteM mantic spot in a gorge of the moun- tains, with towering summits rising grandly all around. His fatlier was a r^ative of the north of Ireland ; a poor man, who had emigrated in 1 7 S3, with little property save his own strong arms. Five years afterwards he married Elizabeth Spear, the daughter of a respectable farmer, and, with his young bride, plunged into the wilder- ness, staked his claim, reared his log-hut, opened a clearing with his axe, and settled down there to per- form his obscure part in the drama of Hie. In this se- cluded home, where James was born, he remained for eight years, enjoying but few social or intellectual advantagos. When James was eight years of age, his father removed to the village of Mercersburg, where his son was placed at school, and commenced a course of study in English, Latin and Greek. Mis progress was rapid, and at the age of fourteen, he entered Dickinson College, at Carlisle. Here he de- veloped remarkable taler.t, and took liis stand among the first scholars in the institution. His application to study was intense, and yet his native powers e 1- abled him to master the most abstruse subjects with facility. In the year 1S09, he graduated with the highest honors of his class. He was then eighteen years of age; tall and graceful, vigorous in healtli, fond of athletic sport, an unerring shot, and enlivened with an exuberant flow of animal spirits. He immediately commenced the study of law in the city of Lancaster, and was admitted to tiie bar in 1812, when he was but twenty-one years of age. Very rapidly lie rose in his profession, and at once took undisputed stand with the ablest lawyers of the State. When but twenty-six years of age, unaided by counsel, he suc- cessfully defended before the State Senate ore of the judges of the State, who was tried upon articles of impeachment. At the age of thirty it was generally admitted that he stood at the head of the bar; and there was no lawyer in the State who had a more lu- crative practice. In 1820, he reluctantly consented to run as a candidate for Congress. He was elected, and for icn years he remained a member of the Lower House. During the vacations of Congress, he occasionally tried some important case. In 1831, he retired altogether from the toils of his v>rofession, having ac- quired an ample fortune. Gen. Jackson, upon his elevation to '.lie Presidency, apjwinted Mr. Buchanan minister to Russia. The duties of his mission he performed with ability, which gave satisfaction to all parties. Upon his return, in 1833, he was elected to a seat in the United States Senate. He there met, as his associates, Webster, Clay, Wright and Calhoun. He advocated the meas- ures proposed by President Jackson, of ni. king repn- 76 MMES BUCHANAi\. sais auaiiist France, to enforce the payment of our claims against that country; and defended the course of the Presi.dent in his unprecedented and wholesale removal from office of those who were not tlie sup- porters of his administration. Upon this question he was brought into direct collision with Henry Clay. He also, with voice and vote, advocated expunging from the journal of the Senate tiie vote of censure against Gen. Jackson for removing the deposits. Earnestly he opposed the abolition of slavery in the District of Columbia, and urged the prohibition of the circulation of anti-slavery documents by the United States mails. As to petitions on the subject of slaver)', he advo- cated that they should be respectfully received; and that the reply should be returned, that Congress had no power to legislate upon the subject. " Congress," said he, " might as well undertake to interfere with slavery under a foreign government as in any of the States where it now exists." U|X)n Mr. Polk's accession to the Presidency, Mr. Buchanan became Secretary of State, and as such, took his share of the resix)nsibility in the conduct of the Mexican War. Mr. Polk assumed that crossing the Nueces by the American troops into the disputed territory was not wrong, but for the Mexicans to cross the Rio Grande into that territor)' was a declaration of war. No candid man can read with pleasure the account of the course our Government pursued in that movement. Mr. Buchanan identified himself thoroughly with the party devoted to the pi^rpetuation and extension of slavery, and brought all the energies of his mind to bear against the Wilmot Proviso. He gave his cordial approval to the compromise measures of 1S50, which included the fugiiive-slave law. Mr. Pierce, upon his election to the Presidency, honored Mr. Buchanan 'with the mission to England. In the year 1856, a national Democratic conven- tion nominated Mr. Buchanan for the Presidency. The political conflict was one of the most severe in which our country has ever engaged. All the friends of sl.avery were on one side; all the advocates of its re- striction and final abolition, on the other. Mr. Fre- mont, the candidate of the enemies of slavery, re- •eived 114 electoral votes. Mr. Buchanan received 174, and was elected. The popular vote stood r, 340,618, for Fremont, t-,:24,75o for Buchanan. On March 4th. 1857, Mr. Buchanan was inaugurated. Mr. Buchanan was far advanced in life. Only four •'ears were wanting to fill up his threescore years and ten. His own friends, those with whom he had been allied in jxjlitical principles and action for years, were seeking the destruction of the Government, that they might rear upon the ruins of our free institutions a nation whose corner-stone should be human slavery. [n this emergency, Mr. Buchanan was hopelessly be- wildered He could not, with his long-avowed prin- cii)les, consistently oppose the State-rights party in their assumptions. As President of the United States, bound by his oath faithfully to administer the laws he could not, without perjury of the grossest kind, unite with those endeavoring to overthrow the repub- lic. He therefore did nothing. The opix)nents of Mr. Buchanan's administration nominated Abraham Lincoln as their standard bearer in the next Presidential canvass. The pro-slavery party declared, that if he were elected, and the con- trol of the Government were thus taken from their hands, they would secede from the Union, taking with them, as they retired, the National Capitol at Washington, and the lion's share of the territory of the United States. Mr. Buchanan's sympathy with the pro-slavery party was such, that he had been willing to offer them far more than they had ventured to claim. All the South had professed to ask of the North was non- intervention upon the subject of slavery. Mr. Bu- chanan had been ready to offer them the active co- operation of the Government to defend and extend the institution. As the storm increased in violence, the slaveholders claiming the right to secede, and Mr. Buchanan avow- ing that Congress had no power to prevent it, one of the most pitiable exhibitions of governmental im- becility was exhibited the world has ever seen. He declared that Congress had no power to enforce its laws in any State which had withdrawn, or which was attempting to withdraw from the Union. This was not the doctrine of Andrew Jackson, when, with his hand uix)n his sword-hilt, he exclaimed. " The Union must and shall be preserved!" South Carolina seceded in December, i860; nearly three months before the inauguration of President Lincoln. i\Ir. Buchanan looked on in listless despair. The rebel flag was raised in Charleston : Fort Sumpter was besieged ; our forts, navy-yards and =irsenals were seized ; our depots of military stores were plun- dered ; and our custom-houses and post-offices were appropriated by the rebels. The energj' of the rebels, and the imbecility of our Executive, were alike marv'elous. The Nation looked on in agony, waiting for the slow weeks to glide away, and close the administration, so terrible in its weak- ness At length the long-looked-for hour of deliver- ance came, when Abraham Lincoln was to receive the scepter. The administration of President Buchanan was certainly the most calamitous our countr)' has ex- perienced. His best friends cannot recall it with pleasure. And still more de|,lorable it is for his fame, that in that dreadful conflict which rolled its billows of flame and blood over our whole land, no word came from his lips to indicate his wish that our countrv's banner should triumph over the flag of the rebellion. He died at his Wheatland retreat, June i, 1868. ^ oyy^^^^^"^-^'-^ SIXTEENTH F a HS/VEiVT. 7g m J q i ABRAHAM 1> ^i|v- >< ► /. m2kJmj^'^^^^'^:J^. :-^'^D^f LINCOLN. 1> - -i' [:■! >^'" BRAHAM LINCOLN, the sixteenth President of tlie i# United States, was born in Hardin Co., Ky., Feb. 12, 1809. About the year 1780, a _^. man by the name of Abraham *^' Lincohi left Virginia with his family and moved into the then wildsof Kentucky. Only two years after this emigration, still a young man, while working one day in a field, was stealtliily approached by an Indian and shot dead. His widow was left in extreme poverty with five little children, three boys and two girls. Thomas, the youngest of the boys, was four years of age at liis father's death. This Thomas was the father of Abraham Lincoln, the ' President of the United States whose name must henceforth fo-^ever be enrolled with the most prominent in tiie annals of our world. Of course no record has been kept of the life of one so lowly as Thomas Lincoln. He was among the poorest of the poor. His home was a wretched log-cabin; his food the coarsest and the meanest. Education he had none; he could never either rend or write. As soon as he was able to do anything for himself, he was compelled to leave ihe cabin*of his starving mother, and push out into the world, a frieiid- .ess, wandering boy, seeking work. He hired him- self out, and thus spent the whole of his youth as a laborer in the fields of others. When twenty-eight years of age he buill a log- cabin of his own, and married Nancy Hanks, the daughter of another family of poor Kentucky emi- grants, who had also come from Virginia. Their second child was .-Xbraham Lincoln, the subject of this sketch. The mother of Abraham was a noble woman, gentle, loving, jiensive, created to adorn a palace, doomed to toil and pine, and die in a hovel. "All that I am, or hope to be," exclaims the grate- ful son "I owe to my angel-mother. When he was eight years of 3ge, his father sold his cabin and small farm, and moved to Indiana Where two years later his mother died. Abraham soon become the scribe of the uneducated couDiuinity aroimd him. He could not liave had u better school than this to teach him to put thoughts into words. He also became an eager reader, 'i'he books he could obtain were few ; but these he read and re-read until they were almost committed lo memory. As the years rolled on, the lot of this lowly family was the usual lot of humanity. Thi're were joys and griefs, weddings and funerals. Abraham's sister Sarah, to whom he was tenderly attached, was mar- ried when a child of but fourteen years of age, and soon died. The family was gradually scattered. Mr. Thomas Lincoln sold out his squatter's claim in 1830, and emigrated to ALacon Co., 111. Abraham Lincoln was then twenty-one years of age. With vigorous hands he aided his father in rearing another log-cabin. Abraham worked diligently at this until he saw the family comfortably settled, and their small lot of enclosed prairie planted with corn, when he announced to his father his intention to leave liome, and to go out into the world and seek his for- tune. Little did he or his friends imagine how bril- liant that fortune was to be. He saw the value of education and was intensely earnest to improve his mind to the utmost of his power. He saw the ruin which ardent spirits were causing, and became strictly temperate; refusing to allow a drop of intoxi- cating liquor to pass his lips. And he had read in God's word, " Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain ;" and a i)rofane expression he was never heard to utter. Religion he revered. His morals were pure, and he was uncontaminated by a single vice. Young Abraham worked for a time as a hired laborer among the farmers. Then he went to Springfield, where he was employed in building a large flat-boat. In this he took a herd of swine, floated them down the Sangamon to the Illinois, and thence l)y the Mis- sissi[)pi to New Orleans, ^^'hatever Abraham Lin- coln undertook, he performed so faithfully as to give great satisfacticn to his employers. In this advc;i- ABRAHAM LINCOLN. tare his employers were so well pleased, that upon his return tiiey placed a store and luill under his care. 1,1 1S32, at the outbreak of the Black Hawk war, he enlisted and was chosen captain of a company. He returned to Sangamon County, and although only 23 years of age, was a candidate for the Legislature, but was defeated. He soon after received from Andrew Jackson the appointment of Postmaster of New Salem, His only post-office was his hat. All the letters he received he carried there ready to deliver to those he chanced to meet. He studied surveying, and soon made this his business. In 1834 he again became a candidate for the Legislature, and was elected Mr. Stuart, of Springfield, advised him to study law. He walked from New Salem to Springfield, borrowed of j\lr. Stuart a load of books, carried them back and began his legal studies. When the Legislature as- sembled he trudged on foot with his pack on his back one hundred miies to Vandalia, then the capital. In 1836 he was re-elected to the Legislature. Here it was he first met Stephen A. Douglas. In 1839 he re- moved to Springfield and began the practice of law. His success with the jury was so great that he was soon engaged in almost every noted case in the circuit. In 1854 the great discussion began between Mr. Lincoln and Mr. Douglas, on the slavery question. In the organization of the Republican party in Illinois, in 1856, he took an active part, and at once became one of the leaders in that party. Mr. Lincoln's speeches in opposition to Senator Douglas in the con- test in 1858 for a seat in the Senate, form a most notable part of his history. The issue was on the ilavery question, and he took the broad ground of .he Declaration of Independence, that all men are created equal. Mr. Lincoln was defeated in this con- test, but won a far higher prize. The great Republican Convention met at Chicago on the i6ih of June, i860. The delegates and strangers who crowded the city amounted to twenty- five thousand. An immense building called "The Wigwam," was reared to accommodate the Conven- tion. There were eleven candidates for whom votes were thrown. William H. Seward, a man whose fame as a statesman had long filled the land, was tiie most orominent. It was generally supposed he would be tlie nominee. Abraham Lincoln, however, received the nomination on the third ballot. Little did he then dream of the weary years of toil and care, and the bloody death, to which that nomination doomed him: and aslittle did he dream that he was to render services to his country, which would fix upon him the eyes of the whole civilized world, and which would give him a place in the affections of his countrymen, second cnly, if second, to that of Washington. Election day came and Mr. Lincoln received 180 electoral votes out of 203 cast, and was, therefore, constitutionally elected President of the United States. The tirade of abuse that was poured upon this good and merciful man, especially by the slaveholders, was greater than upon any other man ever elected to this high position. In February, i86i, Mr. Lincoln started for Washington, stopping in all the large cities on his way making speeches. The whole journey was frought with much danger. Many of the Southern States had already seceded, and several attempts at assassination were afterwards brought to light. .A gang in Balti- more had arranged, upon his arrival to "get up a row," and in the confusion to make sure of his death with revolvers and hand-grenades. A detective unravelled the plot. -^ secret and special train was provided to take him from HarrisL'urg, through Baltimore, at an unexpected hour of the night. The train started at half-past ten ; and to prevent any possible communi- cation on the part ot the Secessionists with their Con- federate gang in Baltimore, as soon as the train had started the telegraph-'wires were cut. Mr. Lincoln reached Washington in safety and was inaugurated, although great anxiety was felt by all loyal people In the selection of his cabinet Mr. Lincoln gave to Mr Seward the Department of State, and to other prominent opponents before the convention he gave important positions. During no other administration have the duties devolving upon the President been so manifold, and the responsibilities so great, as those which fell to the lot of President Lincoln. Knowing this, and feeling his own weakness and inability to meet, and in his own strength to cope with, the difficulties, he learned early to seek Divine wisdom and guidance in determining his plans, and Divine comfort in all his trials, bo'h personal and national. Contrary to his own estimate of himself, Mr. Lincoln was one of the most courageous of men. He went directly into the rebel capital just as the retreating foe was leaving, with no guard but a few sailors. From the time he had left Springfield, in i86i, however, plans had Ijeen made for his assassination,and he at last fell a victim to oneof thein. April 14, 1865, he, with Gen. Grant, was urgently invited to attend Fords' Theater. It was announced that they would Le present. Gen. Grant, however, left the city. President Lincoln, feel- ing, witli his characteristic kindliness of heart, that it would be a disappointment if he should fail them, very reluctantly consented to go. While listening to the play an actor by the name of John Wilkes Booth entered the box where the President and family were seated, and fired a bullet into his brains. He died the next morning at seven o'clock. Never before, in the history of the world was a nation plunged into such deep grief by the death of its ruler. .Strong men met in the streets and wept in speechless anguish. It is not too much to say that a nation was in tears. His was a life which will fitly become a model. His name as the savior of his country will live with that of W'ashington's, its father; his co':;ntr)'- men being unable to decide whiih is the greater. '>:^^:^:^:^t5^5^r-/ SEVENTEENTH PRESIDENT. H NDREW JOHNSON, seven- teenth President of the United States. The early life of Andrew Johnson contains but the record of poverty, destitu- tion and friendlessness. He ^r}M was born December 29, 1808, pjl^fl in Raleigh, N. C. His parents, /^!a«i,J belonging to the class of the "poor whites " of the Soutii,Tvere in such circumstances, that tlicy could not confer even tne slight- est advantages of education upon tlieir child. When Andrew was five years of age, his father accidentally lost nis life while heiorically endeavoring to save a friend from drowning. Until ten years of age, Andrew was a ragged boy about the streets, supported by the labor of his mother, who obtained her living with her own hands. He then, having never attended a school one day, and being unable either to read or write, was ap- prenticed to a tailor in liis native town. A gentleman ivp.s ii-. the habit of going to the tailor's shop occasion- ally, and reading to. the boys at work there. He often read from tlie speeches of distinguished British states- men. Andrew, who was endowed with a mind of more than ordinary native abiHty, became much interested in these speeches; his amliition was roused, and he was inspired with a strong desire to learn to read. He accordingly applied himself to tiie alplial)ct, and with tlie assistance of some of his fellow-workmen, lecirned his letters. He then called upon the gentle- man to borrow the book of speeches. The owner, pleased with his zeal, not only gave him the book but assisted him in learning to combine the letters into words. Under such difficulties he pressed oi. ward laboriously, spending usually ten or twelve houi-s at work in the shop, and then robbing himself of rest and recreatio;~ to devote such time vs he could to reading. He went to Tennessee in 1826, and located af: Greenville, where he married a young lady who p^is sessed some education. Under her instructions hf learned to write and cipher. He became prominen': in the village debating society, and a favorite with the students of Greenville College. In 1828, he or- ganized a working man's party, which elected him alderman, and in 1830 elected him mayor, which position he held three years. He now began to take a lively interest in political affairs ; identifying himself with the working-classes, to which he belonged. In 1835, he was elected a member of the House of Representatives of Tennes- see. He was then just twenty-seven years of age. He became a very active member of the legislature gave his adhesion to the Democratic party, and in 1840 "stumped the State," advocating Martin Van Buren's claims to the Presidency, in opposition to thos.. of Gen. Harrison. In this campaign he acquired mucli readiness as a speaker, and extended and increased his reputation. In 1841, he was elected State Senator; in 1843, he was elected a member of Congress, and by successive elections, held that imiwrtant post for ten years. In 1853, he was elected Governor of Tennessee, and was re-elected in 1855. In all these resiwnsible posi- tions, he discharged his duties with distinguished abi'.- 84 ANDREW JOHNSON. ity, and proved himself the warm friend of the work- ing classes. In 1S57, Mr. Johnson was elected United States Senator. Years before, in 1845, he had warmly advocated the annexation of Texas, stating however, as his reason, that he thought this annexation would prob- ably prove " to be the gateway out of which the sable sons of Africa are to pass from bondage to freedom, and become merged in a population congenial to themselves." In 1850, he also supported the com- promise measures, the two essential features of which were, that the white people of the Territories should be permitted to decide for themselves whether they would enslave the colored people or not, and that the *'ree States of the North should return to the Soutli persons who attempted to escape from slavery. Mr. Johnson was neverashamedof his lowly origin: on the contrary, he often took pride in avowing that he owed his distinction to his own exertions. "Sir,'" said he on the floor of the Senate, " I do not forget that I am a mechanic ; neither do I forget that Adam was a tailor and sewed fig-leaves, and that our Sav- ior was the son of a carpenter." In the Charleston-Baltimore convention of i8l-o, iie was the choice of the Tennessee Democrats for the Presidency. In 186 1, when the purpose of the South- ern Democracy became apparent, he took a decided stand in favor of the Union, and held that " slavery must be held subordinate to the Union at whatever cost." He returned to Tennessee, and repeatedly imperiled his own life to protect the Unionists of Tennesee. Tennessee having seceded from the Union, President Lincoln, on March 4th, 1862, ap- pointed him Military Governor of the State, and he established the most stringent military rule. His numerous proclamations attracted wide attention. In 1864, he was elected Vice-President of the United States, and upon the death of Mr. Lincoln, April 15, 1865, became President. In a speech two days later he said, " The American people must be taught, if they do not already feel, that treason is a crime and must be punished ; that the Government will not always bear with its enemies ; that it is strong not only to protect, but to punish. * * The people must understand that it (treason) is the blackest of crimes, and will surely be punished." Yet his whole administration, the history of which is so well known, ■was in utter itwansistency with, and the most violent opposition to, the principles laid down in that speech. In his loose policy of reconstruction and general amnesty, he was opposed by Congress; and he char- acterized Congress as a new rebellion, and lawlessly defied it, in everything possible, to the utmost. In the beginning of 1868, on account of "high crimes and misdemeanors," the principal of which was the removal of Secretary Stanton, in violation of the Ten- ure of Office Act, articles of impeachment were pre- ferred against him, and the trial began March 23. It was very tedious, continuing for nearly three months. A test article of the impeachment was at length submitted to the court for its action. It was certain that as the court voted upon that article so would it vote upon all. Thirty-four voices pronounced the President guilty. As a two-thirds vote was neces- sary to his condemnation, he was pronounced ac- quitted, notwithstanding the great majority against him. The change of one vote from the not guilty side would have sustained the impeachment. The President, for the remainder of his term, was but little regarded. He continued, though impotently, his conflict with Congress. His own party did not think it expedient to renominate him for the Presi- dency. The Nation rallied, with enthusiasm unpar- alleled since the days of Washington, around the name of Gen. Grant. Andrew Johnson was forgotten. The bullet of the assassin introduced him to the President's chair. Notwithstanding this, never was there presented to a man a better opportunity to im- mortalize his name, and to win the gratitude of a nation. He failed utterly. He retired to his home in Greenville, Tenn., taking no very active part in politics until 1875. On Jan. 26, after an exciting struggle, he was chosen by the Legislature of Ten- nessee, United States Senator in the forty-fourth Con- gress, and took his seat in that body, at the special session convened by President Grgmt, on the 5th of March. On the 27th of July, 1875, the ex-President made a visit to his daughter's home, near Carter Station, Tenn. When he started on his journey, he was apparently in his usual vigorous he.ilth, but on reach- ing the residence of his child the following day, was stricken with paralysis, rendering him unconscious. He rallied occasionally, but finally passed away at 2 A. M., July 31, aged sixty-seven years. His fun- eral was attended at Geenville, on th^3d of August, with every demonstration of respect. /^^2^ ztr EIGHlJiENTH FRESIDENT. ^'^J^z2»sA®m^J^^^^:^^^^ R LYSSES S. GR.\NT, the ^ eighteenth President of the I' United States, was born on the 29th of April, 1822, of Christian parents, in a humble home, at Point Pleasant, on the banks of the Ohio. Shortly after his father moved to George- town, Brown Co., O. In this re- mote frontier hamlet, Ulysses received a common-school edu- cation. At the age of seven- teen, in the year 1839, he entered ■ the Military Academy at West Point. Here he was regarded as a ioiid, sensible )oung man of fair abilities, and of sturdy, honest character. He took respectable rank as a scholar. In June, 1843, he graduated, about the middle in his class, and was sent as lieutenant of in- fantry to one of the distant military posts in the Mis- souri Territory. Two years he past in these dreary solitudes, watching the vagabond and exasperating Jndians. The war with Mexico came. Lieut. Grant was :5eiit with his regiment to Corpus Christi. His first battle was at Palo Alto. There was no chance here for the exhibition of either skill or heroism, nor at Resacade la Paluia, iiis second battle. At the battle nf Monterey, his third engagement, it is said that .ne performed a signal service of daring and skillful horsemanship. His i)rigade had exhausted its am- munition. A messenger must be sent for more, along a route ex[)osed to the bullets of the foe. Lieut. Grant, adopting an expedient learned of the Indians, -grasped the mane of his horse, and hanging upon one side of the anir^l, ran the gauntlet in entire safety. From Monterey he was sent, with the fourth infantry, to aid Gen. Scott, at the siege of Vera Cruz. In preparation for the march to the city of Mexico, he was apixjinted quartermaster of his regiment. At the battle of Molino del Rcy, he was promoted to a first lieutenancy, and was brevetjed captain at Cha- pultepec. At the close of the Mexican War, Capt. Grant re- turned with his regiment to New York, and was again sent to one of the military posts on the frontier. The discovery of gold in California causing an immense tide of emigration to flow to the Pacific shores, Capt. Grant was sent with a battalion to Fort Dallas, in Oregon, for the protection of the interests of the im- migrants. Life was wearisome in those wilds. Capt. Grant resigned his commission and returned to the States; and having married, entered upon the cultiva- tion of a small farm near St. Louis, Mo. He had but little skill as a farmer. Finding his toil not re- munerative, he turned to mercantile life, entering into the leather business, with a younger brother, at Ga- lena, 111. This was in the year i860. As the tidings of the rebels firing on Fort Sumpter reached the ears of Capt. Grant in his counting-room, he said, — "Uncle Sam has educated me for the army; tliough I have served him througli one war, I do not feel that I have yet repaid the debt. I am still ready todischarge my obligations. I shall therefore buckle on my sword and see Uncle Sam through this war too." He went into the streets, raised a company of vol- unteers, and led them .as their captain to Springfield, the capital of the State, where their services were offered to Gov. Yates. Tiie Governor, impressed by the zeal and straightforward executive ability of Capt. Grant, gave him a desk in his office, to assist in the volunteer organization that was being formed in the State in behalf of the Government. On the 15th of 88 UL YSSES S. GRA NT. June, (86i, Capt. Grant received a commission as Colonel of the Twenty-first Regiment of Illinois Vol- unteers. His merits as a West Point graduate, who had served for 15 years in the regular army, were such ihat he was soon promoted to the rank of Brigadier- General and was placed in command at Cairo. The rebels raised their banner at Paducah, near the mouth of the Tennessee River. Scarcely had its folds ap- peared in the breeze ere Gen. Grant was there. The rebels fled. Their banner fell, and the star and stripes were unfurled in its stead. He entered the service with great determination and immediately began active duty. This was the be- ginning, and until the surrender of Lee at Richmond he was ever pushing the enemy with great vigor and effectiveness. At Belmont, a few days later, he sur- prised and routed the rebels, then at Fort Henrj- won another victory. Then came the brilliant fight at Fort Donelson. The nation was electrified by the victor)', and the brave leader of the boys in blue was immediately made a M.-ijor-General, and the militarj' jistrict of Tennessee was assigned to him. Like all great captains, Gen. Grant knew well how to secure the results of victory. He immediately cashed on to the enemies' lines. Then came the terrible battles of Pittsburg Landing, Corinth, and the siege of Vicksburg, where Gen. Pemberton made an unconditional surrender of the city with over thirty thousand men and one-hundred and sevent)'-two can- non. The fall of Vicksburg was by far the most severe blow which the reliels had thus far encountered, and opened up the Mississippi from Cairo to the Gulf. Gen. Grant was next ordered to co-operate with Gen. Banks in a movement upon Te.xas, and pro- ceeded to New Orleans, where he was thrown from his horse, and received severe injuries, from which he was laid up for months. He then rushed tc the aid of Gens. Rosecrans and Tliomas at Chattanooga, and by a wonderful series of strategic and technical meas- ures put the Union Army in fighting condition. Then followed the bloody battles at Chattanooga, Lookout Mountain and Missionary Ridge, in which the rebels were routed with great loss. This won for him un- bounded praise in the North. On the 4th of Febru- ary, 1864, Congress revived the grade of lieutenant- general, and the rank was conferred on Gen. Grant. He repaired to Washington to receive his credentials and enter upon \hf duties of his new office. Gen. Grant decided as soon as he took charge of ihe army to concentrate the \videly-dispersed National troops for an attack upon Richmond, the nominal capital of the Rebellion, and endeavor there to de- stroy the rebel armies which would be promptly as- sembled from all quarters for its defence. The whole conrinent seemed to tremble under the tramp of these majestic armies, rushing to the decisive battle field. Steamers were crowded with troops. Railway trains were burdened with closely packed thousands. His plans were comprehensive and involved a series of campaigns, which were executed \vith remarkable en- ergy and ability, and were consummated at the sur- render of Lee, April g, 1865. The war was ended. The Union was saved. The almost unanimous voice of the Nation declared Gen. Grant to be the most prominent instrument in its sal- vation. The eminent services he had thus rendered the countr)' brought him conspicuously forward as the Republican candidate for the Presidential chair. At the Republican Convention held at Chicago. May 21, 1 868, he was unanimously nominated for the Presidency, and at the autumn election received a majority of the popular vote, and 2r4 out of 294 electoral votes. The National Convention of the Republican party which met at Philadelphia on the 5th of June, 1872, placed Gen. Grant in nomination for a second term by a unanimous vote. The selection was emphati- cally indorsed by the people five months later, 292 elector.il votes being cast for him. Soon after the close of his second tenn. Gen. Grant started upon his famous trip around the world. He visited almost every country of the civilized worid, and was everywhere received with such ovations and demonstrations of respect and honor, private as well as public and ofificial, as were never before bestowed upon any citizen of the United States. He was the most prominent candidate before the Republican National Convention in 1S80 for a re- nomination for President. He went to New York and embarked in the brokerage business under the firm nanieof Grant & Ward. The latter proved a villain, wrecked Grant's fortune, and for larcenv was sent to the penitentiarj'. The General was attacked with cancer in the throat, but suffered in his stoic-like manner, never complaining. He was re-instated as General of the Army and retired by Congress. The cancer soon finished its deadly work, and July 23, 18S5, the nation went in mourning over the death of the illustrious General. s^ y^-^^^ o NINETEENTH PEES/DENT. 9> '^■^tia'^«^'^'^'4^tt&tiSit;ga'^t;gi'»^ui£ia:'i,-;^ V^ -. '. ' •i '. 'i ■, 'i". ". •. 'i-. '.•.'■■- ' UTHERFORD B. HAYES, the nineteenth President of the United States, was born in Delaware, O., Oct. 4, 1822, al- most three months after the death of his father, Rutherford Hayes. His ancestry on both the paternal and maternal sides, was of the most honorable char- acter. It can be traced, it is said, as far back as 1280, when Hayes and Rutherford were two Scottish chief- tains, fighting side by side with Baliol, William Wallace and Robert Bruce. Both families belonged to the nobility, owned extensive estates, and had a large following. Misfor- tane ovt-f caking the family, George Hayes left Scot- land in 1680, and settled in Windsor, Conn. His sou Cleorge wai born in Windsor, and remained there during his li7e. Daniel Hayes, son of the latter, mar- ried Sarah Lee, and lived from the time of his mar- riage until his death in Simsbury, Conn. Ezekiel, son of Daniel, was born in 1724, and was a manufac- turer of scythe-j at Bradford, Conn. Rutherford Hayes, son of Ezekiel aiid grandfather of President Hayes, was l)orn in New Haven, in August, 1756. He was a farmer, blacksmith and tavern-keeper. He emigrated to Vermont at an utiknown date, settling in Brattleboro, where he established a hotel. Here his son Ruth- erford Hayes the father of President Hayes, was born. He was married, in September, 18 13, to Sophia Biichard, of Wilmington, Vt., whose ancestors emi- grated thither from Connecticut, they having been among the wealthiest and best famlies of Norwich. Her ancestry on the male side are traced back to 1635, to John Birchard, one of the principal founders of Norwich. Both of her grandfathers were soldiers in the Revolutionary War. The father of President Hayes was an industrious frugal and opened-hearted man. He was of a me chanical turn, and could mend a plow, knit a stock- ing, or do almost anything else that he choose to undertake. He was a member of the Church, active in all the benevolent enterprises of the town, and con- ducted his business on Christian principles. After the close of the war of 181 2, for reasons inexplicable to his neighbors, he res'olved to emigrate to Ohio. The journey from Vermont to Ohio in that day when there were no canals, steamers, nor railways, was a very serious affair. A tour of inspection was first made, occupying four months. Mr. Hayes deter mined to move to Delaware, where the family arrived in 1817. He died July 22, r822, a victim of malarial fever, less than three months before the birth of the son, of whom we now write. Mrs. Hayes, in her sore be- reavement, found the support she so much needed in her brother Sardis, who had been a member of the household from the day of its departure from Ver- mont, and in an orphan girl whom she had adopted some time before as an act of charity. Mrs. Hayes at this period was very weak, and the v» RUTHJiKFORn B. HAVES: subject of this sketch was so feeble at birth that he was not expected to Uve beyond a month or two at most. As the months went by he grew weaker and weaker, so that the neighbors were in the habit of in- quiring from time to time '" if Mrs. Hayes' baby died last night." On one occasion a neighbor, who was on familiar terms with the family, after alluding to the boy's big head, and the mother's assiduous care of nim, said in a bantering way, " That's right ! Stick to him. You have got him along so far, and I shouldn't wonder if he would really come to something yet." " You need not laugh," said Mrs. Hayes. "You ivait and see. You can't tell but I shall make him President of the United States yet." The boy lived, in spite of the universal predictions of his speedy death; and when, in 1S25, his older brother was drowned, he became, if possible, still dearer to his mother. The boy was seven years old before he w^ent to school. His education, however, was not neglected. He probably learned as much from his mother and fister as he would have done at school. His sports •were almost wholly within doors, his playmates being his sister and her associates. These circumstances tended, no doubt, to foster that gentleness of dispo- sition, and that delicate consideration for the feelings of others, which are marked traits of his character. His uncle Sardis Birchard took the deepest interest in his education ; and as the boy's health had im- proved, and he was making good progress in his studies, he proposed to send him to college. His pre- paration commenced with a tutor at home; bat he was afterwards sent for one year to a professor in the Wesleyan University, in Middletown, Conn. He en- tered Kenyon College in 1838, at the age of sixteen, and was graduated at the head of his class in 1842. Immediately after his graduation he began the study of law in the office of Thomas Sparrow, Esq., in Columbus. Finding his opportunities for study in Columbus somewhat limited, he determined to enter the Law School at Cambridge, Mass., where he re- mained two years. In 1845, after graduatmg at the Law School, he was admitted to the bar at Marietta, Ohio, and shortly afterward went into practice as an attorney-at-law with Ralph P. Buckland, of Fremont. Here he re- mained three years, acquiring but a limited practice, and apparently unambitious of distinction in his pro- fession. In 1849 he iridved to ('incmnati, where his ambi- tion found a new stimulus. For several years, how- ever, his progress was slow. Two events, occurring at this period, had a jiowerful influence upon his subse- ' quent life. One of these was his marrage with Miss Lucy Ware Webb, daughter of Dr. James Webb, of Chilicolhe; the other was his introduction to the Cin- cinnati Literary Club, a body embracing among its iiiembers suck men as'^hief Justice Salmon P. Chase, Gen. John Pope, Gov. Edward F. Noyes, and many others hardly less distinguished in after life. The marriage was a fortunate one in every respect, as everybody knows. Not one of all the wives of our Presidents was more universally admired, reverenced and beloved than was Mrs. Hayes, and no one did more than she to reflect honor upon American woman- hood. The Literary Cluo brought Mr. Hayes into constant association with young men of high char- acter and noble aims, and lured him to display the qualities so long hidden by his bashfulness and modesty. In 1856 he was nominated to the office of Judgs of the Court of Common Pleas; but he declined to ar- cept the nomination. Two years later, the office of city solicitor becoming vacant, the City Covincii. elected him for the unexpired term. In 1861, when the Rebellion broke out, he was ar the zenith of his professional I'f ,. His rank at the bar was among the the first. But the news of the attack on Fort Sumpter found him eager to take -id arms for the defense of his country. His military record was bright and illustrious. In October, 1861, he was made Lieutenant-Colonel, and in August, 1862, promoted Colonel of the 79th Ohio regiment, but he refused to leave his old comrades and go among strangers. Subsequently, however, he was made Colonel of his old regiment. At the battle of South Mountain he received a wound, and while faint and bleeding displayed courage and fortitude that won admiration from all. Col. Hayes was detached from his regiment, after his recovery, to act as Brigadier-General, and placed in command of the celebrated Kanawha division, and for gallant and meritorious services in the battles of Winchester, Fisher's Hill and Cedar Creek, he was promoted Brigadier-General. He was also brevetted Major-General, "forgallant and distinguished services during the campaigns of 1864, in West Virginia." In the course of his arduous services, four horses were shot from under him, and he was wounded four times In 1864, Gen. Hayes was elected to Congress, frcni the Second Ohio District, which had long been Dem- ocratic. He was not present during the campaign, and after his election was importuned to resign his commission in the army; but he finally declared, " I shall never come to Washington until I can come by the way of Richmond." He was re-elected in 1866. In 1867, Gen Hayes was elected Governor of Ohio, over Hon. Allen G. Thunnan, a populai Democrat. In 1869 was re-elected over George H. Pendleton. He was elected Governor for the third term in T87i^. ]n 1876 he was the standard bearer of the Repub- lican Party in the Presidential contest, and after a hard long contest was cliosen President, and was in augurated Monday, March 5, 1875. He served his full term, not, hcwever, with satisfaction to his party, but his administration was an average o;\ = TiVENTIETH PRESIDENT. %><^:^ .'If AMES A. GARFIELD, twen- tieth President of the United States, was born Nov. 19, 1S31, in the woods of Orange, Cuyahoga Co., O His par- ents were Abram and EHza '^ (Ballou) Garfield, both of New England ancestry and from fami- lies well known in the early his- tory of that section of our coun- try, but had moved to the \Vestern Reserve, in Ohio, early in its settle- ment. The house in which James A. was Ijorn was not unlike the houses of poor Ohio farmers of that day. It ..as about 20x30 feet, built of logs, with the spaces be- .vi^een the logs filled with clay. His father was a .iard working farmer, and he soon had his fields cleared, an orchard planted, and a log barn built. Die household comprised the father and mother and dneir four children — Mehetabel, 'I'liomas, Mary and Tames. _ In May, 1823, the father, from a cold con- .racted in helping to put out a forest fire, died. At this time James was about eighteen months old, and Fhomas about ten years old. No one, perhaps, can (ell how much James was indcMed to his biother's tcil and self sacrifice during the twenty years suc- ceeding his father's death, but undoubtedly very much. He now lives in Michigan, and the two sis- •' itrs live in .Solon, O., near their birtliplace. The early educational advantages young Garfield enjoyed were very limited, yet he made the most of them. He labored at farm work for others, did car- penter work, chopped wood, or did anything that would bring in a few dollars to aid liis widowed mother in he- 'Struggles to keep the little family to- gether. Nor was Gen. Garfield ever ashamed of his origin, and he never forgot the friends of his strug- gling childhood, youtli and manliood, neither did they ever forget him. When in the highes,t seats of honor the humblest fiiend of his boyhood' was as kindly greeted as ever. Tlie poorest laborer was sure of the sympathy of one who had known all tlie bitterness of want and the sweetness of bread earned by the sweat of the brow. He was ever the simple, ijlain, modest gentleman. The highest ambition of young Garfield until \\i was about sixteen years old was to be a captain o.f a vessel on Lake Erie. He was anxious to go aboard a vessel, which his mother strongly opposed. She finally consented to his going to Cleveland, with the understanding, however, that he should try to obtair some other kind of employment. He walked all the way to Cleveland. This was his first visit to the city After making many applications for work, and trying to get aboard a lake vessel, and not meeting with success, he engaged as a driver fftr his cousin, Amos Letcher, on the Ohio & Pennsylvania Canal. He re- mained at this work but a short time when he wen" home, and attended the seminary at Chester for about three years, when he entered Hiram and the Eclectic Institute, teaching a few terms of school in the meantime, and doing other work. Tiiis school was started by the Disciples of Christ in 1850, of which church he was then a member. He became janitor and bell-ringer in order to help pay his wav He then became both teacher and jiupil. He soon "e-xhausted Hiram "T^vJP?4-Mifo the fifthofOdobcr, 1830, andis '^^i^^'s^MiK; the oldest of a family of two sons and five daughters. His father was the Rev. Dr. William Arthur, aBaptistc' .rgyman, who emigrated to tb'.s counti7 from the county Antrim, Ireland, in his i8th year, and died in 1875, in Newtonville, neai .A.lbany, after a long and successful ministr)-- Young Arthur was educated at Union College, S( henectady, where he excelled in all his studies. Af- ter his graduation he taught school j T in Vermont for two years, and at the expiration ef that time came to New York, with $500 in his pocket, and catered the office of ex-Judge E. D. Culver as student. After being admitted to the bar he formed a partnership with his intimate friend and room-mate, Henry D. Gardiner, with the intention of practicing in the West, and for three months they roamed about in the Western States in search of an eligible site, but in the end returned to New York, where they hung out their shingle, and entered upon a success- ful career almost from the start. General Arthur soon afterward niairpd the daughter of Lieutenant Herndon, of the United States Navy, who was lost at sea. Congress voted a gold medal to his widow in recognition of the bravery he displayed on that occa- sion. Mrs. .Arthur died shortly before Mr. Arthur's nomuiation to the Vice Presidency, leaving two children. Gen. Arthur obtained considerable legal celebrity in his first great case, the famous Lemmon suit, brought to recover possession of eight slaves who had been declared free by Judge Paine, of the Superior Court of New York City. It was in 1852 that Jon, athan Lemmon, of Virginia, went to New York with his slaves, intending to ship them to Texas, when they were discovered and freed. The Judge decided that they could not be held by the owner under the Fugitive Slave Law. A howl of rage went up from the South, and the Virginia Legislature authorized the Attorney General of that State to assist in an appeal, Wni. M. Evarts and Chester A. Arthur were employed to represent the People, and they won their case, which then went to the Supreme Court of the United States. Charles O'Conor here espoused the cause of the slave-holders, but he loo was beaten by Messrs Evarts and Arthur, and a long step was taken toward the emancipation of the black race. Another great service was rendered by General .\rthur in the same cause in 1856. Lizzie Jennings, a respectable colored woman, was put off a Fourth .Avenue car with violence after she had paid her fare. General Arthur sued on her behalf, and secured a verdict of $500 damages. The next day the compa- ny issued an order to admit colored persons to ride on their cars, and the other car companies quickly lOO CHESTER A. ARTHUR. followed their example. Before that the Sixth Ave- nue Company ran a few special cars for colored per- sons and the other lines refused to let them ride at all. General Arthur was a delegate to the Convention at Saratoga that founded the Republican party. Previous to the war he was Judge-Advocate of the Second Brigade of the State of New York, and Gov- ernor Morgan, of that State, appointed him Engineer- in-Chief of his staff. In 1861, he was made Inspec- tor General, and soon afterward became Quartermas- ter-General. In each of these offices he rendered great service to the Government during the war. At the end of Governor Morgan's term he resumed the practice of the law, forming a partnership with Mr. Ransom, and then Mr. Phelps, the District Attorney of New York, was added to the fimi. The legal prac- tice of this well-known firm was very large and lucra- tive, each of the gentlemen composing it were able lawyers, and possessed a splendid local reputation, if not indeed one of national extent. He always took a leading part in State and city politics. He was appointed Collector of the Port of New York by President Grant, Nov. 21 1872, to suc- ceed Thomas Murphy, and held the office until July, 20, 1878, when he was succeeded by Collector Merritt. Mr. Arthur was nominated on the Presidential ticket, with Gen. James A. Garfield, at the famous National Republican Convention held at Chicago in June, t88o. This was perhaps the greatest political convention that ever assembled on the continent. It was composed of the 'wading politicians of the Re- publican party, all able men, and each stood firm and fought vigorously and with signal tenacity for their respective candidates that were before the conven- tion for the nomination. Finally Gen. Garfield re- ceived the nomination for President and Gen. Arthur for Vice-President. The campaign which followed was one of the most animated known in the history of our countr)'. Gen. Hancock, the standard-bearer of the Democratic party, was a popular man, and his party made a valiant fight for his election. Finally the election came and the country's choice .vas Garfield and Arthur. They were inaugurated March 4, 1881, as President and Vice-President. A few months only had passed ere the newly chosen President was the victim of the assassin's bullet. Then came terrible weeks of suffering, — those moments of anxious suspense, when the hearts of all civilized na- tions were throbbing in unison, longing for the re- covery of the noble, the good President. The remark- able patience that he manifested during those hours and weeks, and even months, of the most terrible suf- fering man has often been called upon to endure, was seemingly more than human. It was certainly God- like. During all this period of deepest anxiety Mr, Arthur's every move was watched, and be it said to his credit that his every action displayed only an earnest desire that the suffering Garfield might recover, to serve the remainder of the term he had so auspi- ciously begun. Not a selfish feeling was manifested in deed or look of this man, even though the most honored position in the world was at any moment likely to fall to him. At last God in his mercy relieved President Gar- field from further suffering, and the world, as never before in its histor}' over the death of any other man, wept at his bier. Then it became the duty of the Vice President to £:ssume the responsibilities of the high office, and he took the oath in New York. Sept. 20, 1 88 1. The position was an embarrassing one to him, made doubly so from the facts that all eyes were on him, anxious to know what he would do, what policy he would pursue, and who he would se- lect as advisers. The duties of the office had been greatly neglected during the President's long illness, and many imjxjrtant measures were to be immediately decided by him ; and still farther to embarrass him he did not fail to realize under what circumstances he became President, and knew the feelings of many on this point. Under these trying circumstances President Arthur took the reins of the Government in his own hands ; and, as embarrassing as were the condition of affairs, he happily surprised the nation, acting so wisely that but few criticised his administration. He served the nation well and faithfully, until the close of his administration, March 4, 1885, and was a popular candidate before his party for a second term. His name was ably presented before the con- vention at Chicago, and was received with great favor, and doubtless but for the personal popularity of one of the opposing candidates, he would have been selected as the standard-bearer of his party for another campaign. He retired to private life car- rj'ing with him the best wishes of the American peo- ple, whom he had served in a manner satisfactory to them and with credit to himself ^y7^€rL£yr Clc^c^/oyiy^Z^^ TWENTY-SECOND PRESIDENT. '°3 >^J ^^1 L^-c>^y^-^ TEPHEN GROVER CLEVE- LAND, the twenty- second Pres- ident of the United States, was born in 1837, in the obscure town of Caldwell, Essex Co., N. J., and in a little two-and-a- half-story white house wliich is still standing, characteristically to mark the humble birth-place of one of America's great men in striking con- trast with the Old World, where all men high in office must be high in origin and born m the cradle of wealth. When the subject of this sketch was three years of age, his father, who was a Presbyterian min- ister, with a large family and a small salary, moved, by way of the Hudson River and Erie Canal, to Fayetteville, in search of an increased income and a larger field of work. Fayetteville was then the most straggling of country villages, about five miles from Ponipey Hill, where Governor Seymour was born. At the last mentioned place young Grover com- menced going to school in the " good, old-fashioned way," and presumably distinguished himself after the manner of all village boys, in doing the things he ought not to do. Such is the distinguishing trait of all geniuses and independent thinkers. When he arrived at the age of 14 years, he had outgrown the capacity of the village school and expressed a most emphatic desire to be sent to an academy. To this his father decidedly objected. Academies in those days cost money; besides, his father wanted him to become self-supporting by the quickest possible means, and this at that time in Fayetteville seemed to be a position in a country store, where his father and the large family 011 his hands had considerable influence. Grover was to be paid $50 for his services the first year, and if he proved trustworthy he was to receive $100 the second year. Here the lad com- menced his career as salesman, and in two years he had earned so good a reputation for trustworthiness that his employers desired to retain him for an in- definite length of time. Otherwise he did not ex- hibit as yet any particular " flashes of genius " or eccentricities of talent. He was simply a good boy. But instead of remaining with this firur in Fayette- ville, he went with the family in their removal to Clinton, where he had an opportunity of attending a high school. Here he industriously pursued his studies until the family removed with him to a point on Black River known as the " Holland Patent," a village of 500 or 600 people, 15 miles north of Utica, N. Y. At this place his father died, after preaching but three Sundays. This event broke up the family, and Grover set out for New York City to accept, at a small salary, the [)osition of " under-teacher " in an asylum for the blind. He taught faithfully for two years, and although he obtained a good reputation in this capacity, he concluded that teaching was not his 104 S. GROVER CLEVELAND. calling for life, and, reversing the traditional order, ne left the city to seek his fortune, instead of going to a city. He first thought of Cleveland, Ohio, as there was some charm in that name for him; but before proceeding to that place he went to Buffalo to isk the advice of his uncle, Lewis F. Allan, a noted stock-breeder of that place. The latter did not speak enthusiastically. " What is it you want to do, my boy ? " he asked. " Well, sir, I want to study law," was the reply. ''Good gracious!" remarked ihe old gentleman ; " do you, indeed .'' What ever put that into your head ? How much money have you got.'" "-Well, sir, to tell the truth, I haven't got a any. After a long consultation, his uncle offered him a place temporarily as assistant herd-keeper, at §50 a year, while he could "look around." One day soon afterward he boldly walked into the office of Rogers, Bowen & Rogers, of Buffalo, and told Ihem what he wanted. A number of young men were already en- gaged in the office, but Grover's persistency won, and ne was finally permitted to come as an office boy and Save the use of the law library, for the nominal sum of $3 or S4. a week. Out of this he had to pay for his board and washing. The walk to and from his uncle's was a long and rugged one ; and, although the first ^vinte^ was a memorably severe one, his shoes were out of repair and his overcoat — he had Done — yet he was nevertheless prompt and regular. On the first day of his service here, his senior em- ployer threw down a copy of Blackstone before him with a bang that made the dust fly, saying "That's where they all begin." A titter ran around the little circle of cferks and students, as they thought that was enough to scare young Grover out of his plans ; out indue time he mastered that cumbersome volume. Then, as ever after\vard, however, Mr. Cleveland exhibited a talent for executiveness rather than for chasing principles through all their metaphysical possibiUties. " Let us quit talking and go and do it," was practically his motto. The first public office to which Mr. Cleveland was ejected was that of Sheriff of Erie Co., N. Y., in which Buffalo is situated; and in such capacity it fell to his duty to inflict capital punishment upon two criminals. In i88i he was elected Mayor of the City of Buffalo, on the Democratic ticket, with es- pecial reference to the bringing about certain reforms in the administration of the municipal affairs of that city. In this office, as well as that of Sheriff, his performance of dat)' has generally been considered fair, with possibly a few exceptions which were fer- reted out and magnified during the last Presidential campaign. As a specimen of his plain language in a veto message, we quote from one vetoing an iniqui- tous street-cleaning contract: "This is a time for plain speech, and my objection to your action shall be plainly stated. I regard it as the culmination of a mos' bare-faced, impudent and shameless scheme to betray the interests of the peopls and to worse than squander the people's money." The New York Sun afterward very highly commended Mr. Cleve- land's administration as Mayor of Buffalo, and there- upon recommended him for Governor of the Empire State. To the latter office he was elected in 1882, and his administration of the affairs of State was generally satisfactory. The mistakes he made, if any, were made verj' public throughout the nation after he was nominated for President of the United States. For this high office he was nominated July II, 18S4, by the National Democratic Convention at Chicago, when other competitors were Thomas F. Bayard, Roswell P. Flower, Thomas A. Hendricks, Benjamin F. Butler, Allen G. Thurman, etc.: and he was elected by the people, by a majority of about a thousand, over the brilliant and long-tried Repub- lican statesman, James G. Blaine. President Cleve- land resigned his office as Governor of New York in Januar)', 18S5, in order to prepare for his duties as the Chief Executive of the United States, in which capacity his term commenced at noon on the 4th of March, 18S5. For his Cabinet officers he selected the following gentlemen: For Secretary of State, Thomas F. Bayard, of Delaware ; Secretary of the Treasury, Daniel Manning, of New York ; Secretary of War, William C. Endicott, of Massachusetts; Secretary of the Navy, William C. Whitney, of New York ; Secretary of the Interior, L. Q. C. Lamar, of Mississippi; Postmaster-General, WilHam F. Vilas, of Wisconsin ; Attorney-General, A. H. Garland, of Arkansas. The silver question precipitated a controversy be- tween those who were in favor of the continuance of silver coinage and those who were opposed, Mr. Cleveland answering for the latter, even before his inauguration. c>V^ iZ.y^^'---7\^'i.*^'^(^-«^ TWENTY-THIRD PRESIDENT. lu: ..o*o..@^<^..<>*o.. ; i:NJAMIN HARRISON, the Iwcnty-third President, is tlio descendant of one of the historical families of this country. The head of the family was a Major General Harrison, one of Oliver Cromwell's trusted follow- ers and fighters. In the zenith of Crom- well's power it became the duty of this Harrison to participate in the trial of Charles I, and afterward to sign the death warrant of the king. He subse- quently paid for this with his life, being hung Oct. 13, IGGO. His descendants came to America, and the next of the family that appears in history is Benja- r.:in Harrison, of Virginia, great-grand- father of the subject of this sketch, and after whom he .was named. Benjamin Harrison was a member of the Continental Congress during the ye.ars i774-5-C, and was one of the original signers of the Declaration of Independence. He was three times elected Governor of Virginia. Gen AViiliam Iliniy ilnrrison, the son of the distinguished patriot of the Revolution, after a suc- cessful career as a soldier during the War of 1812, and with -a clean record as Governor of the North- western Territory, was elected President of the United States in 1840. His career was cut short by death within one month after liis inauguration. President Harrison was born at North Bend, Hamilton Co., Ohio, Aug. r>0, 1833. His life up to the time of his graduation by the Miami University, at O.xford, Ohio, was the uneventful one of a coun- try lad of a family of small means. His father was able to give him a good education, and nothing more. He became engaged while at college to t'a^ daughter of Dr. Scott, Principal of a female schoo at Oxford. After graduating he determined to en- ter upon the study of the law. He went to Cin einnali and then read law for two years. At the expiration of that time young Harrison receiv-il th" only inheritance of his life; his aunt dying left him a lot valued at $800. He regarded this legacy as t fortune, and decided to get married at once, tak3 tliis money and go to some Eastern town ancl 'oe- gin the practice of law. He sold his lot, and with the monej' in his pocket, he started out wita bis young wife to fight for a place in the world, lie lOS BKN,*AMJN ilARRlSON. decitled to go to Indianapolis, wliich was even at that time a town of promise. He met with slight encouragement at first, making scarcely anything the first j-ear. He worked diligently, applying him- self closely to his calling, built up an extensive practice and took a leading rank in the legal pro- I'ession. He is the father of two children. In 186C Mr. Harrison was nominated for the position of Supreme Court Reporter, and then be- gan his experience as a stump speuke; He can- vassed the State thoroughlj^, and was elected by a handsome majority. In 18G2 he raised the 17th Indiana Infantry', and was chosen its Colonel. His regiment was composed of the rawest of material, out Col. Harrison employed all his time at first mastering military tactics and drilling his men, when he thei'efore came to move toward the East with Sherman his regiment was one of the best drilled and organized in the army. At Resaca he especially distinguished himself, and for his bravery at Peachtree Creek he was made a Brigadier Gen- eral, Gen. Hooker speaking of him in the most complimentary terms. During the absence of Gen. Harrison in the field lie Supreme Court declared the office of the Su- preme Court Reporter vacant, and another person was elected to the position. From the time of leav- irg Indiana with his regiment until the fall of 18G4 he had taken no leave of absence, but having been nominated that year for the same office, he got a thirty-day leave of absence, and during that time made a brilliant canvass of the State, and was elected for another terra. He then started to rejoin Sher- 2:an, but on the way was stricken down with scarlet :ever, and after a most tr3nng siege made his way to the front in time to participate in the closing incidents of the war. In 1868 Gen. Harrison declined z re-election as _-«porter, and resumed the practice of law. In 1876 £8 was a candidate for Governor. Although de- eated, the brilliant campaign hb made won for him ' a National reputation, and he was much sought, es- pecially in the East, to make speeches. In 1880, iiS usual, he took an active part in the campaign, and was elected to the United States Senate. Here be served six years, and Tzas known as one of the «blest men, best lawyer-- .aid strongest debaters iu that body. With the expiration of his Senatorial term he returned to the practice of his profession, becoming the head of one of the strongest firms in the State. The political campaign of 1888 was one of the most memorable in the history of our countiy. The convention which assembled in Chicago in June and named Mr. Harrison as the chief standard bearer of the Republican party, w-as great in every partic- ular, and on this account, and the attitude it as- sumed u^oa the vital questions of the day, chief among which was the tariff, awoke a deep interest in the campaign throughout the Nation. Shortl3' after the nomination delegations began to visit Mr. Harrison at Indianapolis, his home. This move- ment became popular, and from all sections of the country societies, clubs and delegations journeyed thither to pay their respects to the distinguished statesman. The popularity of these was greatly increased on account of the remarkable speeches made by Mr. Harrison. He spoke daily all through the summer and autumn to these visiting delega- tions, and so varied, masterly and eloquent were his speeches that they at once placed him in the foremost rank of American orators and statesmen. On account of his eloquence as a speaker and his power as a debater, he was called upon at an un- commonlj' earl}' age to take part in the discussion of the great questions that then began to agitate the country. He was an uncompromising anti sla^•erv man, and was matched against some of tl;e most eminent Democratic speakers of his State. No man who felt the touch of his blade decired to be pitted with him again. With all his eloq-'ence as an orator he never spoke for oratorical, effect, but his words always went like bullets to the mark He is purclj' American in his ideas and is a siilcr did tj-pe of the American statesman. Gifted wit'i; quick perception, a logical mind and a ready tongue, he is one of the most distinguished impromptu speakers iu the Nation. Manj" of these sjieeches sparkled with the rarest of eloquence and contained arguments of greatest weight. Maiij' of his terse statements liavc already become aphorisms. Origi- nal ill tliought, precise iu logic, terse in statement, yet withal faultless in eloquence, he is recognized as the sound statesman and brill iauj orator o- ta^ day ifeai |i (^O-- \ \ '"-(ii U * • <5) , [X". &M <~Mji' ^ i?i5i^;?sw5> ^°'' ^:^i A-*^^ ^ c^(-<^6^~ti:^cyA^ GOVERNORS OF ILLINOIS, ^^ >> ' HADRACH BOND, the first Governor of Illinois after its organization as a State, serving from 1818 to 1822, was born in Frederick County, Maryland, in the year 1773, and was raised a farmer on his father's plantation, receiving only a plain English education. He emigrated to this State in 1794, when it was a part of the "Northwest Territory," continuing in the vocation in which he had been brought up in his native State, in the " New Design," near Eagle Creek, in what is now Monroe County. He served several terms as a member of the General Assembly of Indiana Territory, after it was organized as such, and in 1812-14 he was a Delegate to the Twelfth and Thirteenth Congresses, taking his seat Dec. 3, 181 2, and serving until Oct. 3, 1814. These were the times, the reader will recollect, when this Gov- ernment had its last struggle with Great Britain. Theyear x8i2 is also noted in the history of this State as that in which the first Territorial Legislature was held. It convened at Kaskaskia, Nov. 25, and adjourned Dec. 26, following. While serving as Delegate to Congress, Mr. Bond was instrumental in procuring the right of pre-emj)- ton on the public domain. On the expiration of his lenn at Washington he was appointed Receiver of Public Moneys at Kaskaskia, then the capital of the Territory. In company with John G. Comyges, Thomas H. Harris, Charles Slade, Michael Jones, Warren Brown, Edward Humphries and Charles W Hunter, he became a proprietor of the site of the initial city of Cairo, which they hoped, from its favor- able location at the junction of the two great rivers near the center of the Great West, would rapidly develop into a metropolis. To aid tiie enter- prise, they obtained a special charter from the Legis- lature, incorporating both the City and the Bank of Cairo. In 1818 Mr. Bond was elected the first Governor of the State of Illinois, being inaugurated Oct. 6 that year, which was several weeks before Illinois was actually admitted. The facts are these: In January, 18 18, tlie Territorial Legislature sent a peti- tion to Congress for the admission of Illinois as a State, Nathaniel Pope being then Delegate. The petition was granted, fixing the northern line of the State on the latitude of the southern extremity of Lake Michigan; but the bill was afterward so amend- ed as to extend this line to its present latitude. In July a convention was called at Kaskaskia to draft a constitution, which, however, was not submitted ti the people. By its provisions, supreme judges, pros ecuting attorneys, county and circuit judges, record- ers and justices of the peace were all to be appointed by the Governor or elected by the Legislature. This constitution was accepted by Congress Dec. 30. At that time Illinois comprised but eleven counties, namely, Randolph, Madison, Gallatin, Johnson, Pope, Jackson, Crawford, Bond, Union, Washington and Franklin, the northern portion of the State be- ing mainly in Madison County. Thus it appears that Mr. Bond was honored by the naming of a SHAVRACH BOND. county before he was elected Governor. The present county of Bond is of small Umitations, about 60 to 80 miles south of Springfield. For Lieutenant Governor the people chose Pierre Menard, a prominent and worthy Frenchman, after whom a county in this State is named. In this election there were no opposition candidates, as the popularity of these men had made tlieir promotion to the chief offices of the S^ate, even before the constitution was drafted, a foregone con- clusion. The principal points that excited the people in reference to political issues at this period were local or "internal improvements," as they were called, State banks, location of the capital, slavery and the personal characteristics of the proposed candidates. Mr. Bond represented the "Convention party," for introducing slavery into the State, supported by Elias Kelt Kane, his Secretary of State, and John Mc- Lean, while Nathaniel Pope and John P. Cook led the anti-slavery element. The people, however, did not become very much excited over this issue until 1820, when the famous Missouri Compromise was adopted by Congress, limiting slavery to the south of the parallel of 36° 30' except in Missouri. While this nieasure settled the great slavery controversy, so far as the average public sentiment was tempor- arily concerned, until 1854, when it was repealed under the leadership of Stephen A. Douglas, the issue as considered locally in this State was not decided until 1824, after a most furious campaign. (See sketch of Gov. Coles.) The ticket of 18 18 was a compromise one. Bond representing (moderately) the pro-slavery sentiment and Menard the anti-slavery. An awkward element in the State government under Gov. Bond's administration, was the imperfec- tion of the State constitution. The Convention wished to have Elijah C. Berry for the first Auditor of Public Accounts, but, as it was believed that the new Governor would not appoint him to the office, the Convention declared in a schedule that " an auditor of public accounts, an attorney general and such other officers of the State as may be necessary, may be appointed by the General Assembly." The Constitution, as it stood, vested a very large appoint- ing power in the Governor; but for the purpose of getting one man into office, a total change was made, and the power vested in the Legislature. Of this provision the Legislature took advantage, and de- clared that State's attorneys, canal commissioners, bank directors, etc., were all " officers of the State " and must therefore be appointed by itself independ- ently of the Governor. During Gov. Bond's administration a general law was passed for the incorporation of academies and towns, and one authorizing lotteries. The session of 1822 authorized the Governor to appoint commis- sioners, to act in conjunction with like commissioners appointed by the State of Indiana, to report on the practicability and expediency of improving the navi- gation of the Wabash River; also inland navigation generally. Many improvements were recommended, some of which have been feebly worked at even till the present day, those along the Wabash being of no value. Also, during Gov. Bond's term of office, the capital of the State was removed from Kaskaskia to Vandalia. In 1S20 a law was passed by Congress authorizing this State to open a canal through the public lands. The State appointed commissioners lo explore the route and prepare the necessary sur- veys and estimates, preparatory to its execution; but, being unable out of its own resources to defray the expenses of the undertaking, it was abandoned until some time after Congress made the grant of land for the purpose of its construction. On the whole. Gov. Bond's administration was fairly good, not being open to severe criticism from any party. In 1824, two years after the expiration of his term of office, he was brought out as a candi- date for Congress against the formidable John P. Cook, but received only 4,374 votes to 7,460 for the latter. Gov. Bond was no orator, but had made many fast friends by a judicious bestowment of liis gubernatorial patronage, and these worked zealously for him in the campaign. In 1827 ex-Gov. Bond was appointed by tiie Leg- islature, with Wm. P. McKee and Dr. Gershom Jayne, as Commissioners to locate a site for a peni- •tentiary on the Mississippi at or near Alton. Mr. Bond was of a benevolent and convivial dis- position, a man of shrewd observation and clear ap- preciation of events. His person was erect, stand- ing six feet in height, and after middle life became portly, weighing 200 pounds. His features were strongly masculine, complexion dark, hair jet and eyes hazel ; was a favorite witli tiie ladies. He died April II, 1830, in peace and contentment. Ld^^<"UA2) CcrtJ^ GO VERNOJiS OF JLLIA'OIS. "5 £t)war5 Coles. ^S ^^^ DWARI' COLES, second Governor of Illinois, 1823- i. 6, was born Dec. 15, 1786, in Albemarle Co., Va., on the old family estate called «>^i,_3 " Enniscorthy," on the Green Mountain. His fath- er, John Coles, was a Colonel in the Revolutionary War. Having been fit- ted for college by private tutors, he was sent to Hampden Sidney, where he remained until the autumn of 1805, when he was removed to William and (^vhu'SJ Mary College, at Williamsburg, Va. ^5.^itS^ This college he left in the summer of 1S07, a short time before the final and graduating examination. Among his classmates were Lieut. Gen. Scott, President John Tyler, Wm. S. Archer, United States Senator from Virginia, and Justice Baldwin, of the United States Supreme Court. The President of the latter college. Bishop Madison, was a cousin of President James Madison, and that cir- cumstance was the occasion of Mr. Coles becoming personally acquainted with the President and re- ceiving a position as his private secretary, 1809-15. The family of Coles was a prominent one in Vir- ginia, and their mansion was the seat of the old- fashioned Virginian hospitality. It was visited by such rotables as Patrick Henry, Jefferson, Madison, Monroe, the Randolphs, Tazewell, Wirt, etc. At the age of 23, young Coles found himself heir to a plant- ation and a considerable number of slaves. Ever since his earlier college days his attention had been drawn to the question of slavery. He read every- thing on the subject that came in his way, and listened to lectures on the rights of man. The mo'rL; he reflected upon the subject, the more impossible was it for him to reconcile the immortal declaration "that all men are born free and equal " with the practice of slave-holding. He resolved, therefore, to free his slaves the first opportunity, and even remove his residence to a free State, One reason which de- termined him to accept the appointment as private secretary to Mr. Madison was because he believed that through the acquaintances he could make at Washington he could better determine in what par; of the non-slaveholding portion of the Union he woulc prefer to settle. The relations between Mr. Coles and President Madison, as well as Jefferson and other distinguished men, were of a very friendly character, arising from the similarity of their views on the question of slavery and their sympathy for each other in holding doc- trines so much at variance with the prevailing senti- ment in their own State. In 1857, he resigned his secretaryship and spent a portion of the following autumn in exploring the Northwest Territory, for the purpose of finding a lo- cation and purchasing lands on which to settle his negroes. He traveled with a horse and buggy, with an extra man and horse for emergencies, through many parts of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois and Missouri, determining finally to settle in Illinois. At this time, however, a misunderstanding arose between our Government and Russia, and Mr. Coles was selected to repair to St. Petersburg on a special mission, bear- ing important papers concerning the matter at issue. The result was a conviction of the Emperor (Alex- ii6 EDWARD COLES. ander) of the error comiiiitted by his minister at Wiishington, and tlie consequent withdrawal of the the latter from the post. On his return, Mr. Coles visited other \)arts of Europe, especially Paris, where he was introduced to Gen. Lafayette. In the spring of 1819, he removed with all his negroes from Virginia to Edwardsville, III, with the intention of giving them their liberty. He did not make known to them his intention until one beautiful morning in April, as they were descending the Ohio River. He lashed all the boats together and called all the negroes on deck and made them a short ad- dress, concluding his remarks by so expressing him- self that by a turn of a sentence he proclaimed in the shortest and fullest manner that they were no longer slaves, but free as he was and were at liberty to proceed with him or go ashore at their pleas- ure. A description of the effect upon the negroes is best desciibed in his own language : "The effect upon them was electrical. They stared at n-.e and then at each other, as if doubting the ac- curacy or reality of what they heard. In breathless silence they stood before me, unable to utter a word, but with countenances beaming with expression which no words could convey, and which no language can describe. As they began to see the truth of what they had heard, and realize their situation, there came on a kind of hysterical, giggling laugh. After a pause of intense and unutterable emotion, bathed in tears, and with tremulous voices, they gave vent to their gratitude and implored the blessing of God on me." Before landmg he gave them a general certificate of freedom, and afterward conformed more particu- larly with the law of this State requiring that each individual should have a certificate. This act of Mr. Coles, all the more noble and heroic considering the overwhelming pro-slavery influences surrounding him, has challenged the admiration of every philan- thropist of modern times. March 5, 1819, President Monroe appointed Mr. Coles Registrar of the Land Office at Edwardsvihe, at that time one of the principal land offices in the State. While acting in this capacity and gaining many friends by his ixjliteness and general intelli- gence, the greatest struggle that ever occurred in Illinois on the slavery question culminated in the furious contest characterizing the campaigns and elections of 1822-4. ^'i the summer of 1823, when a new Governor was to be elected to succeed Mr. Bond, the pro-slavery element divided into factions, putting forward for the executive office Joseph Phillips, Chief Justice of the State, Thomas C. IJrowne and Gen. Junes B. Moore, of the State Mil- itia. The anti-slavery element united upon Mr. Coles, and, after one of the most bitter campaigns, succeeded in electing him as Governor. His i)lural- ity over Judge PhiUips was only 59 in a total vote of over 8,000. The Lieutenant Governor was elected by the slavery men. Mr. Coles' inauguration speech was marked by calmness, deliberation and such a wise expression of appropriate suggestions as to elicit the sanction of all judicious politicians. But he compromised not with evil. In his message to the Legislature, the seat of Government being then at Vandalia, he strongly urged the abrogation of the modified form of slavery whi';h then existed in this State, contrary to the Ordinance of 1787. His posi- tion on this subject seems the more remarkable, when it is considered that he was a minority Governor, the population of Illinois being at that lime almost ex- clusively from slave-holding States and by a large majority in favor of the perpetuation of that old relic of barbarism. The Legislature itself was, of course, a reflex of the popular sentiment, and a majority of them were led on by fiery men in denunciations of the conscientious Governor, and in curses loud and deep upon him and all his friends. Some of the public men, indeed, went so far as to head a sort of mob, or " shiveree " party, who visited the residence of the Governor and others at Vandalia and yelled and groaned and spat fire. The Constitution, not establishing or permitting slavery in this State, was thought therefore to be defective by the slavery politicians, and they desired a State Convention to be elected, to devise and sub- mit a new Constitution; and the dominant politics of the day was "Convention" and "anti-Conven- tion." Both parties issued addresses to the people, Gov. Coles himself being the author of the address published by the latter party. This address revealed the schemes of the conspirators in a masterly man- ner. It is difficult for us at this distant day to esti- mate the critical and extremely delicate situation in which the Governor was placed at that time. Our hero maintained himself honorably and with supreme dignity throughout his administration, and in his honor a county in this State is named. He was truly a great man, and tiiose who lived in this State during his sojourn here, like those who live at the base of the mountain, were too near to see and recognize the greatness that overshadowed them. Mr. Coles was married Nov. 28, 1833, by Bishop De Lancey, to Miss Sally Logan Roberts, a daughter of Hugh Roberts, a descendant of Welsh ancestry, who cami to this country with Wm. Penn in 1682. After the expiration of his term of service. Gov. Coles continued his residence in Edwardsville, sup- erintending his farm in the vicinity. He was fond of agriculture, and was the founder of the first agri- cultural society in the State. On account of ill health, however, and having no family to tie him down, he spent much of his time in Eastern cities. About 1832 he changed his residence to Philadel- phia, where he died July 7, 1S68, and is buried at Woodland, near that city. ' O <:y^-Ciyi^^^i<^ GO VERNORS OF ILLINOIS. ^> • ^■• 111, 1 a 11, K d w a^f d.K • --.<^.<4#^^>.- INIAN EDWARDS, Govenioi- from 1827 to 1830, was a son of Benjamin Edwards, and was born in Montgomery J County, Maryland, in March, r^ I77S- His domestic train- ■''*'' ing was well fitted to give his mind strength, firmness and honorable principles, and a good foundation was laid for the elevated character to which he afterwards attained. His parents were Bap- tists, and very strict in their moral piinciples. His education in early youth was in company with and partly under the tuition of Hon. \Vm . Wirt, whom his father patronized ^^ and who was more than two years older. An intimacy was thus formed between them which was lasting for life. He was farther educated at Dickinson College, at Car- lisle, Pa. He ne.xt commenced the study of law, but before completing his course he moved to Nelson County, Ky., to open a farm for his father and to purchase homes and locate lands for his brothers and sisters. Here he fell in the company of dissolute companions, and for several years led the life of a spendthrift. He was, however, elected to the Legis- lature of Kentucky as the Representative of Nelson ilounty before he was 2 1 years of age, and was re- elected by an almost unanimous vote. ^^*> In 1798 he was licensed to practice law, and the following year was admitted to the Courts of Tennes- see. About this time he left Nelson County for Russellville, in Logan County, broke away from his dissolute companions, commenced a reformation and devoted himself to severe and laborious study. He then began to rise rapidly in his profession, and soon became an eminent lawyer, and inside of four years he filled in succession the offices of Presiding Judge of the General Court, Circuit Judge, fourth Judge of the Court of Appeals and Chief Justice of the State, — all before he was 32 years of age! In addition, in 1802, he received a commission as Major of a battal- ion of Kentucky militia, and in 1804 was chosen a Presidential Elector, on the Jefferson and Clinton ticket. In 1S06 he was a candidate for Congress, but withdrew on being promoted to the Court of Appeals. Illinois was organized as a separate Territory in the spring of 1809, when Mr. Edwards, then Chief Justice of the Court of Appeals in Kentucky, received from President Madison the appointment as Gover- nor of the new Territory, his commission bearing date April 24, r8o9. Edwards arrived at Kaskaskia in June, and on the i itii of that month took the oath of office. At the same time he was appointed Superior tendent of the United States Saline, this Government interest then developing into considerable proportions in Southern Illinois. Although during the first three years of his administration he had the power to make new counties and appoint all the officers, yet he always allowed the people of each county, by an informal NINIAN EDWARDS. vote, to select their own officers, both civil and mili- tary. The noted John J. Crittenden, afterward United States Senator from Kentucky, was appointed by Gev. Edwards to the office of Attorney General of the Territory, which office was accepted for a short time only. The Indians in iSio committing sundry depreda- tions in the Territory, crossing the Mississippi from the Territory of Louisiana, a long corresfxjndence fol- lowed between the respective Governors concerning the remedies, which ended in a council with the sav- ages at Peoria in 1S12, and a fresh interpretation of ihe treaties. Peoria was depopulated by these de- predations, and was not re-settled for many vears afterward. As Gov. Edwards' term of office expired by law in 1S12, he was re-appointed for another term of three years, and again in 1815 for a third term, serving until the organization of the State in the fall of 1818 t.nd the inauguration of Gov. Bond. At this time ex-Gov. Edwards was sent to the United States Senate, his colleague being Jesse B. Thomas. As •senator, Mr. Edwards took a conspicuous part, and acquitted himself honorably in all the measures that came up in that body, being well posted, an able de- bater and a conscientious statesman. He thought seriously of resigning this situation in 182 1, but was persuaded by his old friend, Wm. Wirt, and others to continue in office, which he did to the end of the term. He was then appointed Minister to Mexico by President Monroe. About this time, it appears that Mr. Edwards saw suspicious signs in the conduct of \Vm. H. Crawford, Secretary of the United States Treasury, and an ambitious candidate for the Presi- dency, and being implicated by the latter in some of his statements, he resigned his Mexican mission in order fully to investigate the charges. The result was the exculpation of Mr. Edwards. Pro-slavery regulations, often termed "Black Laws," cisgraced the statute books of both the Territory and he State of Illinois during the whole of his career in .his commonwealth, and Mr. Edwards always main- tained the doctrines of freedom, and was an important ;xtor in the great struggle which ended in a victory for his party in 1824. In 18267 the Winnebago and other Indians com- mitted sou-e depredations in the northern part of the State, and the white settlers, who desired the land=: and wished to exasperate the savages into an evacu- ation of the country, magnified the misdemeanors of the aborigines and thereby produced a hostility be- tween the races so great as to precipitate a little war, known in history as the "Winnebago War." A few chases and skirmishes were had, when Gen. Atkinson succeeded in capturing Red Bird, the Indian chief, and putting him to death, thus ending the contest, at least until the troubles commenced which ended in the " Black Hawk War " of 1832. In the interpre- tation of treaties and execution of their provisions Gov. Edwards had much vexatious work to do. The Indians kept themselves generally within the juris- diction of Michigan Territory, and its Governor, Lewis Cass, was at a point so remote that ready cor- respondence with him was difficult or impossible. Gov. Edwards' administration, however, in regard to the protection of the Illinois frontier, seems to have been very efficient and satisfactory. For a considerable portion of his time after his re- moval to Illinois, Gov. Edwards resided upon his farm near Kaskaskia, which he had well stocked with horses, cattle and sheep from Kentucky, also with fruit-trees, grape-vines and shrubbery. He estab- lished saw and grist-mills, and engaged extensively in mercantile business, having no less than eight or ten stores in this State and Missouri. Notwithstanding the arduous duties of his office, he nearly always pur- chased the goods himself with which to supply the stores. Although not a regular practitioner of medi- cine, he studied the healing art to a considerable ex- tent, and took great pleasure in prescribing for, and taking care of, the sick, generally without charge. He w.is also liberal to the poor, several widows and ministers of the gospel becoming indebted to hmi even for their homes. He married Miss Elvira Lane, of Maryland, in 1803, and they became the affectionate parents of several children, one of whom, especially, is weli' known to the people of the " Prairie State," namely, Ninian Wirt Edwards, once the Superintendent c' Public Instruction and still a resident of Springfield Gov. Edwards resided at and in the vicinity of Kas- kaskia from 1809 to 1S18; in Edwardsville (named after him) from that time to 1824; and fro;n the lat- ter date at Belleville, St. Clair County, until his death, July 20, 1833, of Asiatic ciiolera. Edwards County is also named in his honor. GO VERNGRS OF ILLINOIS. OHN REYNOLDS, Governor 1831- l ^ 4, was born in Montgomery Coun- ty, Pennsylvania, Feb. 26, 1788. His father, Robert Reynolds and his mother, nee Margaret Moore, were both natives of Ireland, from which country they emigrated to the United States in 1785, land- ing at Philadelphia. The senior Reynolds entertained an undying hostility to the British Govern- ment. When the subject of this sketch was about six months old, his parents emigrated with him to Tennessee, where many of their relatives had already located, at the base of the Copper Ridge Mountain, about 14 miles northeast of the present city of Knoxville. There they were ex- Dosed to Indian depredations, and were much molest- ed by them. In 1794 they moved into the interior of the State. They were poor, and brought up their children to habits of manual industry. In 1800 the family removed to Kaskaskia, 111., with eight horses and two wagons, encountering many ' Hardships on the way. Here young Reynolds passed the most of his childhood, while his character began to develop, the most prominent traits of which were ambition and energy. He also adopted the principle and practice of total abstinence from intoxicating liquors. In 1807 the family made another removal, this time to the " Goshen Settlement," at the foot of the Mississippi bluffs three or four miles southwest of Edwardsville. On arriving at his 20th year, Mr. Reynolds, seeing that he must look about for his own livelihood and not yet having determined what calling to pursue, concluded first to attend college, and he accordingly went to such an institution of learning, near Knox- ville, Tenn., where he had relatives. Imagine his diffidence, when, after passing the first 20 years of his life without ever having seen a carpet, a papered wall or a Windsor chair, and never having lived in a shingle-roofed house, he suddenly ushered himself into the society of the wealthy in the vicinity of Knoxville ! He attended college nearly two years, going through the principal Latin authors; but it seems that he, like the rest of the world in modern times, had but very little use for his Latin in after life. He always failed, indeed, to exhibit any good degree of literary discipline. He commenced the study of law in Knoxville, but a pulmonary trouble came on and compelled him to change his mode of life. Accordinjjly he returned home and re- cuperated, and in 1812 resumed his college and law studies at Knoxville. In the fall of 1812 he was admitted to the Bar at Kaskaskia. About this time he also learned the French language, which he practiced with pleasure in conversation with his family for many years. He regarded this language as being superior to all others for social intercourse 124 JOHN REYNOLDS. From his services in the West, in the war oi 1812, he obtained the sobriquet of the " Old Ranger." He was Orderly Sergeant, then Judge Advocate. Mr. Reynolds opened his first law office in the winter and spring of 1814, in the French village of Cahokia, then the capital of St. Clair County. In the fall of 181S he was elected an Associate Justice upon the Supreme Bench by the General Assembly. In 1825 he entered more earnestly than ever into the practice of law, and the very next year was elected a member of the Legislature, where he acted independently of all cliques and private inter- ests. In 1828 the Whigs and Democrats were for the first time distinctively organized as such in Illi- nois, and the usual party bitterness grew up and raged on all sides, while Mr. Reynolds preserved a iudicial calmness and moderation. The real animus if the campaign was " Jackson " and " anti-Jackson," 'he former party carrying the State. In August, 1830, Mr. Reynolds was elected Gov- ernor, amid great e.xcitement. Installed in office, he did all within his power to advance the cause of edu- cation, internal improvements, the Illinois & Mich- igan Canal, the harbor at Chicago, settling the coun- try, etc.; also reccmmended the winding up of the State Bank, as its affairs had become dangerously complicated. In his national politics, he was a moderate supporter of General Jackson. But the most celebrated event of his gubernatcrial admin- istration was the Black Hawk War, which occurred in 1832. He called out the militia and prosecuted the contest with commendable diligence, appearing in ijerson on the battle-grounds during the most critical periods. He was recognized by the President as Major-General, and authorized by him to make treaties with the Indians. By the assistance of the genf.ral Government the war was terminated witliout much bloodshed, but after many serious fights. This war, as well as everything else, was materially re- tarded by the occurrence of Asiatic cholera in the West. This was its first appearance here, and was the next event in prominence during Gov. Reynolds' term. South Carolina nullification corning up at this time, t was heartily condemned by both President Jackson ^.nd Gov. Reynolds, who took precisely the same grounds as the Unionists in the last war. On the termination of his gubernatorial term in .834, Gov. Reynolds was elected a Member of Con- gress, still coi:sidering himself a backwoodsman, as ' e had scarcely been outside of the Slate since he became of age, and had spent nearly all his youthful iays in the wildest region of the frontier. His first move in Congress was to adopt a resolution that in all elections made by the House for officers the votes should be given viva voce, each member in his place naming aloud the person for whom he votes. This created considerable heated discussion, but was es- sentially adopted, and remained the controlling prin- ciple for many years. The ex-Governor was scarcely absent from his seat a single day, during eight ses- sions of Congress, covering a period of seven year-., and he never vacillated in a party vote; but he failed to get the Democratic party to foster his " National Road" scheme. He says, in "My Own Times" (a large autobiography he published), that it was only by rigid economy that he avoided insolvency while in Washington. During his sojourn in that city he was married, to a lidy of the place. In 1837, while out of Congress, and in company with a few others, he built the first railroad in the Mississippi Valley, namely, one about six miles long, leading from his coal mine in the Mississippi bluft'to the bank of the river opposite St. Louis. Having not the means to purchase a locomotive, they operated it by horse-power. The next spring, however, the com- pany sold out, at great sacrifice. In 1839 the ex-Governor was appointed one of the Canal Commissioners, and authorized to borrow money to prosecute the enterprise. Accord'ngly, he repaired to Philadelphia and succeeding in obtaining a million dollars, which, however, was only a fourth of what was wanted. The same year he and his wife made at our of Europe. This year, also, ^Ir. Reynolds had the rather awkward little responsibility of introducing to President Van Buren the noted Mormon Prophet, Joseph Smith, as a " Latter-Day Saint ! " In 1846 Gov. Reynolds was elected a member of the Legislature from St. Clair County, more particu- larly for the purpose of obtaining a feasible charter for a macadamized road from Belleville to St. Louis, a distance of nearly 14 miles. This was immediately built, and was the first road of the kind in the State. He was again elected to the Legislature in 1852, when he was chosen Speaker of the House. In i86o, aged and infirm, he attended the National Democratic Convention at Chadeston, S. C, as an anti-Douglas Delegate, where he received more attention from the Southern Delegates than any other member. He supiwrted Breckenridge for the Presidency. After the October elections foreshadowed the success of Lincoln, he published an address urging the Demo- crats to rally to the support of Douglas. Immedi- ately preceding and during the late war, his corre- spondence evinced a clear sympathy for the Southern secession, and about the first of March, i86r, he urged upon the Buchanan officials tlie seizure of the treasure and arms in the custom-house and arsenal at St. Louis. Mr. Reynolds was a rather talkative man, and apt in all the Western phrases and catch- words that ever gained currency, besides many cun- ning and odd ones of his own manufacture. He was married twice, but had no children. He died in Belleville, in May, 1865, just after the close of the war. GOVERNORS OF ILLINOIS. 127 /;w~tT''^^^^^ I LLI AM LEE D. EWING, ("^ Governor of Illinois Nov. 3 ": to 17, 1834, was a native uf Kentucky, and probably of Scotch ancestry. He had a fine education, was a gentle- man of polished manners and refined sentiment. In 1830 John Rey- nolds was elected Governor of the State, and Zadok Casey Lieutenant Governor, and for the principal events that followed, and the characteristics of the times, see sketch of Gov. Reynolds. The first we see in history concerning Mr. Ewing, in- forms us that he was a Receiver of Pul)lic Moneys at Vandalia soon after the organization of tftib State, and that the public moneys in his hands v.-ere deposited in various banks, as they are usually .'•'•thv ^Tesent day. In 1823 the State Bank was obbed, by which disaster Mr. Ewing lost a thousand- dollar deposit. The subject of this sketch had a commission as (olonel in the Black Hawk War, and in emergencies he acted also as Major. In the summer of 1832, '■"/hen '.-was rumored among the whites that Black Hawk and his men had encamped somewhere on Rock Rive;-, Gen. Henry was sent on a tour of reconnoisance, and with orders to drive the Indians from the State. After some opposition from his rubordinate officers, Henry resolved to proceed up Rock River in search of the enemy. On the 19th of July, early in the morning, five baggage wagons. -» ■ ? ■ < - camp equipage and all heavy and cumbersome arti- cles were piled up and left, so that the army migh; make speedy and forced marches. For some miles the travel was exceedingly bad, crossing swamjis and the worst thickets; but the large, fresh trail give life and animation to the Americans. Gen. Dodge and Col. Ewing were both actmg as Majors, and composed the " spy corps " or vanguard of the army. It is supposed the army marched nearly 50 miles this day, and the Indian trail they followed became fresher, and was strewed with much property and trinkets of the red-skins that they had lost or thrown away to hasten their march. During the following night there was a terrific thunder-storm, and the soldiery, with all their appurtenances, were thor- oughly drenched. On approaching nearer the Indians the next day. Gen. Dodge and Major Ewing, each commanding a battalion of men, were placed in front to bring on the l)attle, but the savages were not overtaken this day Forced marches were continued until they reached. Wisconsin River, where a veritable battle ensued, resulting in the death of about 68 of Black Hawk's men. The next day they continued the chase, and as soon as he discovered the trail of the Indians leading toward the Mississippi, Maj. Ewing formed liis battalion in order of battle and awaited the order of Gen. Henry. The latter soon appeared on the ground and ordered a charge, which directly resulted in chasing the red warriors across the great riven Maj, Ewing and his command proved particularly efficient in war, as it seems they were the chief actors in driving the main body of the Sacs and Foxes, in- 128 WILLIAM L. D. EWING. eluding Black Hawk himself, across the Mississippi, while Gen. Atkinson, commander-in-chief of the ex- pedition, with a body of the army, was hunting for them in another direction. In the above affair Maj. Ewmg is often referred to as a "General," wh.ich title he had derived from his connection with the militia. It was in the latter part of the same year (1832) that Lieutenant Governor Casey was elected to Con- gress and Gen. Ewing, who had been elected to the Senate, was cliosen to preside over that body. At the August election of 1S34, Gov. Reynolds was also elected to Congress, more than a year ahead of the time at which he could actually take his seat, as was then the law. His predecessor, Charles Slade, had just died of Asiatic cholera, soon after the elec- tion, and Gov. Reynolds was chosen to serve out his unexpired term. Accordingly he set out for Wash- ington in November of that year to take his seat in Congress, and Gen. Ewing, by virtue of his office as President of the Senate, became Governor of the State of Illinois, his term covering only a period of 15 days, namely, from the 3d to the 17th days, in- clusive, of November. On the 17th the Legislature met, and Gov. Ewing transmitted to that body his message, giving a statement of the condition of the affairs of the State at that time, and urging a contin- uance of the policy adopted by his predecessor; and on the same day Governor elect Joseph Duncan was sworn into office, thus relieving Mr. Ewing from the responsible situation. This is the only time that such a juncture has happened in the history of Illi- nois. On the 29th of December, 1835, Gen. Ewing was elected a United States Senator to serve out the unexpired term of Elias Kent Kane, deceased. The latter gentleman was a very prominent figure in the eariy politics of Illinois, and a county in this State is named in his honor. The election of Gen. Ewing to the Senate was a protracted struggle. His competi- tors were James Semple, who afterwards held several important offices in this State, and Richard M. Young, afterward a United States Senator and a Supreme Judge and a man of vast influence. On the first ballot Mr. Semple had 25 votes. Young 19 and Ewing 18. On the eighth ballot Young was dropped ; the ninth and tenth stood a tie ; but on the 1 2th Ewing received 40, to Semple 37, and was accordingly declared elected. In 1837 Mr. Ewing received some votes for a continuance of his term in Congress, when Mr. Young, just referred to, was elected. In 1842 Mr. Ewing was elected State Audit-^r on the ticket with Gov. Ford. Gen. Ewing was a gentleman of culture, a lawyer by profession, and was much in public life. In person he was above medium height and of heavy build, with auburn hair, blue eyes, large-sized head and short face. He was genial, social, friendly and affable, with fair talent, though of no high degree of originality. He died March 25, 1846. > GO VERNORS OF ILLINOIS. «3« s^^^ ^^s^m^Sk <^i,(li -v£j2££;©^«irw5.o '^«'tor.,in that county, and in 1825 made a liberal donation of land for county building purposes. He was the first Sherifif of that county after its separate organization, and afterward was twice elected, as a Jackson Democrat, to the Illinois Senate. In the Black Hawk War he commanded a spy battalion, a post of considerable danger. In 1834 he was ap- pointed by President Jackson to the position of Receiver of Public Moneys, and to fulfill the office more conveniently he removed to the city of Quincy. While, in 1838, the unwieldy internal improvement system of the State was in full operation, with all its expensive machinery, amidst bank suspensions throughout the United States, a great stringency in the money market everywhere, and Illinois bonds forced to sale at a heavy discount, and the " hardest times "existing that the people of the Prairie State ever saw, the general election of Stale officers was approaching. Discreet men who had cherished the hope of a speedy subsidence of the public infatua- tion, met with disappointment. A Governor and Legislature were to be elected, and these were now looked forward to for a repeal of the ruinous Stale policy. But the grand scheme had not yet lost its dazzling influence upon the minds of the people. Time and experience had not yet fully demonstrated its alter absurdity. Hence the question of arresting its career of profligate expenditures did not become a leading one with the dominant party during the camp.iign, and most of the old members of the Leg- islature were returned at this election. Under these circumstances the Democrats, in State Convention assembled, nominated Mr. Carlin for the office of Governor, and S. H. Anderson for Lieuten- ant Governor, while the Whigs nominated Cyrus Ed- wards, brother of Ninian Edwards, formeriy Governor, and W. H. Davidson. Edwards came out strongly for a continuance of the State policy, while Carli; remained non-committal. This was the first tunc that the two main [wliiical parties in this Slate were unembarrassed by any third party in ihe field. The result of the election was: Carlin, 35,573 ; Ander- son, 30,335 ; Edwards, 29,629 ; and Davidson, 28,- 7I.S- Upon the meeting of the subsequent Legislature (1839), the retiring Governor CDuncan) in his mcs- t36 THOMAS CARLTN. sage spoke in emphatic terms of the impolicy of the internal improvement system, presaging the evils threatened, and uiged that body to do their utmost to correct the great error ; yet, on the contrary, the Legislature not only decided to continue the policy but also added to its burden by voting more appro- priations and ordering more improvements. Although the money market was still stringent, a further loan of $4,000,000 was ordered for the Illinois & Mich- igan Canal alone. Cn'cago at that time began to loom up and promise to be an important city, even the great emporium of the West, as it has since in- deed came to be. Ex-Gov. Reynolds, an incompe- tent financier, was commissioned to effect the loan, and accordingly hastened to the East on this respons- ible errand, and negotiated the loans, at considera- ble sacrifice to the State. Besides this embarrassment to Carlin's administration, the Legislature also de- clared that he had no authority to appoint a Secretary of State until a vacancy existed, and A. P. Field, a Whig, who had already held the post by appointment through three administrations, was determined to keep the place a while longer, in spite of Gov. Car- lin's preferences. The course of the Legislature in this regard, however, was finally sustained by the Supreme Court, in a quo warranto case brought up before it by John A. McClernand, whom the Gov- ernor had nominated for the office. Thereupon that dignified body was denounced as a "Whig Court!" endeavoring to establish the principle of life-tenure of office. A new law was adopted re-organizing the Judici- ary, and under it five additional Supreme Judges were elected by the Legislature, namely, Thomas Ford (afterward Governor), Sidney Breese, Walter B. Scates, Samuel H. Treat and Stephen A. Douglas — all Democrats. It was daring Cov. Carlin's administration that the noisy campaign of '"Tippecanoe and Tyler too " oc- curred, resulting in a Whig victory. This, however, did net affect Illinois politics very seriously. Another prominent event in the West during Gov. Carlin's term of office was the excitement caused by the Mcrmons and their removal from Independence, Mo., to Nauvoo, 111., in 1840. At the same time they began to figure somewhat in State politics. On account of tlieir believing — as they thought, accord- ing to the New Testament — that they should have " all things common," and that consequently " all the earth " and all that is upon it were the" Lord's " and therefore the property of his " saints," they were suspected, and correctly, too, of committing many of the deeds of larceny, robbery, etc., that were so rife throughout this country in those days. Hence a feeling of violence grew up between the Mormons and "anti-Mormons." In the State of Missouri the Mormons always supported the Dem- ocracy until they were driven out by the Democratic government, when they turned their support to the Whigs. They were becoming numerous, and in the Legislature of 1840-r, therefore, it became a matter of great interest with both parties to conciliate these people. Through the agency of one John C. Ben- nett, a scamp, the Mormons succeeded in rushing through the Legislature (both parties not daring to oppose) a charter for the city of Nauvoo which vir- tually erected a hierarchy co-ordinate with the Fed- eral Government itself. In the fall of 1841 the Governor of Missouri made a demand upon Gov. Carlin for the body of Joe Smith, the ^lormon leader, as a fugitive from justice. Gov. Carlin issued the writ, but for some reason it was returned unserved. It was again issued in 1842, and Smith was arrested, but was either rescued by his followers or discharged by the municipal court on a writ of habeas corpus. In December, 1841, the Democratic Convention nominated .\dam W. Snyder, of Belleville, for Gov- ernor. As he had been, as a member of the Legisla- ture, rather friendly to the Mormons, the latter naturally turned their support to the Democratic party. The next spring the Whigs nominated Ex- Gov. Duncan for the same office. In the meantime the Mormons began to grow more odious to the masses of the people, and the comparative prospects of the respective parties for success became very problematical. Mr. Snyder died in May, and Thomas Ford, a Supreme Judge, was substituted as a candidate, and was elected. At the close of his gubernatorial term, Mr. Carlin removed back to his old home at Carrollton, where he spent the remainder of his life, as before his ele- vation to office, in agricultural pursuits. In 1S49 he served out the unexpired term of J. D. Fry in the Illinois House of Representatives, and died Feb. 4. 1852, at his residence at Carrollton, leaving a wife and seven children. o, ■'^A-t^t^t^^Ck^ GOVERNORS OF ILLINOIS. *39 skaffiia.^ ..-*>=S ^t::L_«-«aA2i^^ ^^^;^ |'^''-yy'^-"'-^'^-'^^^^ mwmm m "-'^'i.: -^ i A_ .=H=e^ 3H0MAS FORD, Governor from 1842 to 1846, and au- thor of a very interesting history of Illinois, was born at Uniontown, Pa., in the year 1 800. His mother, after the death of her first hus- band (Mr. Forquer), married Rob- ert Ford, who was killed in 1802, by the Indians in the mountains of Pennsylvania. She was conse- quently left in indigent circum- stances, with a large family, mostly gids. With a view to better her condition, she, in 1804, removed to Missouri, where it had been cus- tomary by the Spanish Govern- ment to give land to actual settlers; but upon her arrival at St. Louis she found the country ceded to the United States, and the liberal policy toward set- tlers changed by the new ownership. After some sickness to herself and family, she finally removed to Illinois, and settled some three miles south of Water- loo, but the following year moved nearer the Missis- sippi bluffs. Here young Ford received his first i schooling, under the instructions of a Mr. Humphrey, for which he had to walk three miles. His mother, though lacking a thorough education, was a woman of superior mental endowments, joined to energy and determination of character. She inculcated in her children those high-toned principles which dis- tinguished her sons in ^^ublic life. She exercised a rigid economy to provide her children an education ; but (ieorge Forquer, her oldest son (six years older than Thomas Ford), at an early age had to quit school to aid by his labor in the support of the family. He afterward became an eminent man in Illinois affairs, and but for his early death would probably have been elected to the United States Senate. Young Ford, with somewhat better opportunities, received a better education, though limited to the curriculum of the common school of those pioneer times. His mind gave early promise of superior en- dowments, with an inclination fur mathematics. His proficiency attracted the attention of Hon. Daniel P. Cook, who became his efficient patron and friend. The latter gentleman was an eminent Illinois states- man who, as a Member of Congress, obtained a grant of 300,000 acres of land to aid in completing the Illinois & Michigan Canal, and after whom the county of Cook was named. Through the advice of I4e THOMAS I^RD. this j^entleinaii, Mr. Ford turned his attention to the study of hxw; but Forquer, then merchandising, re- s^-irdini.; liis education defective, sent him to Transyl- vania University, wliere, however, he remained but one term, owing to Forquer's failure in business. On his return he alternated his law reading with teach- ing school for support. In 1829 Gov. Edwards appointed him Prosecuting Attorney, and in 1831 he was re-appointed by Gov. Reynolds, and after that he was four times elected a Judge by the Legislature, without opposition, twice a Circuit Judge, once a Judge of Chicago, and as As- sociate Judge of the Supreme Court, when, in 1841, the latter tribunal was re-organized by the addition of five Judges, all Democrats. Ford was assigned to the Ninth Judicial Circuit, and while in this capacity he was holding Court in Ogle County he received a notice of his nomination by the Democratic Conven- tion for the office of Governor. He immediately re- signed his place and entered upon the canvass. In August, 1842, he was elected, and on the 8th of De- cember following he was inaugurated. All the offices which he had held were unsolicited by him. He received them upon the true Jefferson- ian principle, — Never to ask and never to refuse office. Both as a lawyer and as a Judge he stood deservedly high, but his cast of intellect fitted him rather for a writer upon law than a practicing advo- cate in the courts. In the latter capacity he was void of the moving power of eloquence, so necessary to success with juries. As a Judge his opinions were "ound, lucid and able expositions of the law. In practice, he was a stranger to the tact, skill and in- sinuating address of the politician, but he saw through ihe arts of demagogues as well as any man. He was ()lain in his demeanor, so i^iuch so, indeed, that at one time after the expiration of his term of office, during a session of the Legislature, he was taken by a stranger to be a seeker for the position of door- keeper, and was waited upon at his hotel near mid- night by a knot of small office-seekers with t!ie view of effecting a " combination ! " Mr. Ford had not the " brass " of the ordinary politician, nor that impetuosity which characterizes a political leader. He cared little for money, and hardly enough for a decent support. In person he was of small stature, slender, of dark complexion, with black hair, sharp features, deep-set eyes, a pointed, aquiline nose having a decided twist to one side, and a small mouth. The three most important events in Gov. Ford's administration were the establishment of the high iinancial credit of the State, the " Mormon War "and .he Mexican War. In the first of these the Governor proved himself *.c be en;inentlv wise. On coming into office he found ►he State iiadly paralyzed by the ruinous efiTects of the notorious "internal improvement" schemes of the preceding decade, with scarcely anything to show by way of "improvement." The enterprise that seemed to be getting ahead more than all the rest was the Illinois & Michigan Canal. As this promised to be the most important thoroughfare, feasible to the people, it was well under headway in its construction. Therefore the State policy was almost concentrated upon it, in order to rush it onto completion. The bonded indebtedness of the State was growing so large as to frighten the people, and they were about ready to entertain a proposition for repudiation. But the Governor had the foresight to recommend such measures as would maintain the public credit, for which every citizen to-day feels thankful. But perhaps the Governor is remembered more for his connection with the Mormon troubles than for anything else; for it was during his term of office that the " Latter-Day Saints " became so strong at Nauvoo, built their temple there, increased their num- bers throughout the country, committed misdemean- ors, taught dangerous doctrines, suffered the loss of theirleader, Jo Smith, by a violent death, were driven out of Nauvoo to the far West, etc. Having been a Judge for so many years previously, Mr. Ford of course was non-committal concerning Mormon affairs, and was therefore claimed by both parties and also accused by each of sympathizing too greatly with the other side. Mormonism claiming to be a system of religion, the Governor no doubt was "between two fires," and felt compelled to touch the matter rather " gingerly," and doubtless felt greatly relieved when that pestilential people left the State. Such compli- cated matters, especially when religion is mixed up with them, expose every person participating in them to criticism from all parties. The Mexican War was begun in the spring of 1845, and was continued into the gubernatorial term of Mr. Ford's su;cessor. The Governor's connection with this war, however, was not conspicuous, as it was only administrative, commissioning officers, etc. Ford's " History of Illinois " is a very readable and entertaining work, of 450 small octavo pages, and is destined to increase in value with the lapse of time. It exhibits a natural flow of compact and forcible thought, never failing to convey the nicest sense. In tracing with his trenchant pen the devious operations of the professional politician, in which he is inimit- able, his account is open, perhaps, to the objection that all his contemporaries are treated as mere place- seekers, while many of them have since been judged by the people to be worthy statesmen. His writings seem slightly open to the criticism that they exhibit a little splenetic partiality against those of his con- temporaries who were prominent during Iiis term of office as Governor. The death of Gov. Ford took place at Peoria, 111., Nov. 2, 1S50. GO VERNORS OF ILLINOIS. *43 j^m^Y />.^y7^^ Augustus €. French. ^?e639 fo"" Pierre Menard (son of the first Lieutenant Governor), 4,748 for Charles V. Dyer, 3,834 for W. L. D. Morrison, and 1,361 for James L. D. Morrison. But VVm. McMurtry, of Knox County, was elected Lieutenant Governor, in place of Joseph B. Wells, who was before elected and did not run again. Governor French was inaugurated into ofiice dur- ing the progress of the Mexican War, which closed during the summer of 1847, although the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo was not made until Feb. 2, 1848. The policy of Gov. French's party was com- mitted to that war, but in connection with that affair he was, of course, only an administrative officer. During his term of office, Feb. 19, 1847. the Legisla- ture, by special permission of Congress, declared that all Government lands sold to settlers should be im- mediately subject to State taxation ; before this they were exempt for five years after sale. By this ar- rangem.ent the revenue was materially increased. About the same time, the distribution of Government land warrants among the Me.xican soldiers as bounty threw upon the market a great quantity of good lands, and this enhanced the settlement of the State. The same Legislature authorized, with the recom- mendation of the Governor, the sale of the Northern Cross Railroad (from Springfield to Meredosia, the first in the State and now a section of the Wabash, St. Louis & Pacific) It sold for $100,000 in bonds, although it had cost the State not less than a million. The salt wells and canal lands in the Saline reserve in Gallatin County, granted by the general Govern- ment to the State, were also authorized by the Governor to be sold, to apply on the State debt. In 1850, for the first time since 1839, the accruing State revenue, exclusive of specific appropriations, was sufficient to meet the current demands upon the treasur)'. The aggregate taxable property of the State at this time was over $100,000,000, and the population 851,470. In 1849 the Legiaiature adopted the township or- ganization law, which, however, proved defective, and was properly amended in 1 851. At its session in the latter year, the General Assembly also passed a law to exempt homesteads from sale on executions This beneficent measure had been repeatedly atge<3 upon that body by Gov. French. In 1850 some business men in St. Louis con\- menced to build a dike opposite the lower part of their city on the Illinois side, to keep the Mississippi in its channel near St. Louis, instead of breaking away from them as it sometimes threatened to do. This they undertook without permission from the Legislature or Executive authority of this State ; and as many of the inhabitants then* complained that the scheme would inundate and ruin much valuable land, there was a slight conflict of jurisdictions, re- sulting in favor of the St. Louis project; and since then a good site has existed there for a city (East St. Louis), and now a score of railroads center there. It was in September, 1850, that Congress granted to this State nearly 3,000,000 acres of land in aid of the completion of the Illinois Central Railroad, which constituted the most important epoch in the railroad — we might say, internal improvement — his- tory of the State. The road was rushed on to com- pletion, which accelerated the settlement of the in- terior of the State by a good class of industrious citi- zens, and by the charter a good income to the State Treasury is paid in from the earnings of the road. In 1 85 I the Legislature passed a law authorizing free stock banks, v/hich was the source of much leg- islative discussion for a number of years. But we have not space further to particularize concerning legislation. Gov. French's administra- tion was not marked by any feature to be criticised, while the country was settling up as never before. In stature. Gov. French was of medium height, squarely built, light complexioned, with ruddy face and pleasant countenance. In manners he was plain and agreeable. By nature he was somewhat diffident, but he was often very outspoken in his con- victions of duty. In public speech he was not an orator, but was chaste, earnest and persuasive. In business he was accurate and methodical, and in his administration he kept up the credit of the State. He died in 1865, at his home in Lebanon, St Glair Co., 111. \ u GO VEKNORS OF ILLINOIS. '47 ^^\ ^. J^Initeson. -■«■ :=^ <^--$s>$ '- ^^ V)EL A. MATTESON, Governor ^j,#** 1853-6, was born Aug. 8, 1808, *^' ■■''■'■■ in Jefferson County, New York, to which place his father had re- moved from Vermont three years before. His father was a farmer in fair circumstances, but a com- mon English education was all that his only son received. Young Joel first tempted fortune as a small tradesman in Prescott, Canada, before he was of age. He returned from that place to his home, entered an academy, taught school, visited the prin- cipal Eastern cities, improved a farm Iiis father hail given him, made a tour in tiie South, worked tlierc in building railroads, experienced a storm on the Gulf of Mexico, visited the gold diggings of Northern Georgia, and returned via Nashville to St. Louis and through Illinois to his father's home, when he mar- ried. In 1833, having sold his farm, he removed, vvith his wife and one child, to Illinois, and entered a claim on Government land near the head of An Sable River, in what is now Kendall County. At ihat time there were not more tlian two neighbors within a range of ten miles of his place, and only 'hree or four houses between Iiim and Chicago. He opened a large farm. His family was boarded 12 miles away while he erected a house on his claim, sleeping, during this time, under a rude pole shed. Here his life was once placed in imminent peril by a huge prairie rattlesnake sharing his bed. In 183s he bought largely at the Government land sales. During the speculative real-estate mania whicli broke out in Chicago in 1836 and spread over the State, he sold his lands under the inflation of that period and removed to Joliet. In 1S38 he became a heavy contractor on the Illinois & Michigan Canal. Upon the completion of his job in i84r, when hard limes prevailed, business at a stand, contracts paid in State scrip; when all the public works except the canal were abandoned, the State offered for sale 700 tons of railroad iron, which was purchased by Mr. Mat- teson at a bargain. This he accepted, shipped and sold at Detroit, realizing a very handsome profit, enough to pay off all jiis canal debts and leave him a surplus of several thousand dollars. His enterprise ne.xt prompted him to start a woolen mill at Joliet, m which he prospered, and which, after successive enlargements, became an enormous establishment. In 1S42 he was first elected a State Senator, but, by a bungling apiiortionment, John Pearson, a Senator holdiiig over, was found to be in the same district, and decided to be entitled to represent it. Mat- teson's seat was declared vacant. Pearson, however with a nobleness difficult to appreciate in this day of r48 JOEL A. MATTESON. greed for office, unwilling to represent his district under the circumstances, immediately resigned his unexpired term of two years. A bill was passed in a few hours ordering a new election, and in ten days' time Mr. Matteson was returned re-elected and took his seat as Senator. From his well-known capacity as a business man, he was made Chairman of the Committee on Finance, a position he held during this half and two full succeeding Senatorial terms, discharging its important duties with ability and faith- fulness. Besides his extensive woolen-mill interest, when work was resumed on the canal under the new loan of $[,600,000 he again became a heavy con- tractor, and also subsequently operated largely in building railroads. Thus he showed himself a most energetic and thorough business man. He was nominated for Governor by the Demo- cratic State Convention which met at Springfield April 20, 1852. Other candidates before the Con- vention were D. L. Gregg and F. C. Sherman, of Cook ; John Dement, of Lee ; Thomas L. Harris, of Menard; Lewis W. Ross, of Fulton ; and D. P. Bush, of Pike. Gustavus Koerner, of St. Clair, was nom- inated for Lieutenant Governor. For the same offices the Whigs nominated Edwin B. Webb and Dexter A. Kiiowlton. Mr. Matteson received 80,645 votes at the election, while Mr. Webb received 64,408. Mat- teson's forte was not on the stump; he had not cul- tivated the art of oily flattery, or the faculty of being all things to all men. His intellectual qualities took rather the direction of efficient executive ability. His turn consisted not so much in the adroit manage- ment of party, or the powerful advocacy of great gov- ernmental principles, as in those more solid and enduring operations which cause the physical devel- opment and advancement of a State, — of commerce and business enterprise, into which he labored with success to lead the people. As a politician he was just and liberal in his views, and both in official and private life he then stood untainted and free from blemish. As a man, in active benevolence, social I'irtues and all the amiable qualities of neighbor or citizen, he had few su])eriors. His messages present a perspicuous array of facts as to the condition of the State, and are often couched in forcible and elegant diction. The greatest excitement during his term of office was the repeal of the Missouri Compromise, by Con- gress, under the leadership of Stephen A. Douglas in 1854, when the bill was passed organizing the Terri- tory of Kansas and Nebraska. A large portion of the Whig party of the North, through their bitter op- position to the Democratic party, naturally drifted into the doctrine of anti-slavery, and thus led to what was temporarily called the "Anti-Nebraska" party, while the followers of Douglas were known as " Ne- braska or Douglas Democrats." It was during this embryo stage of the Republican party that Abraham Lincoln was brought forward as the "Anti-Nebraska" candidate for the United States Senatorship, while Gen. James Shields, the incumbent, was re-nom- inated by the Democrats. But after a fewballotings in the Legislature (1855), these men were dropped, and Lyman Trumbull, an Anti-Nebraska Democrat, was brought up by the former, and Mr. Matteson, then Governor, by the latter. Qn the nth ballot Mr. Trumbull obtained one majority, and was ac- cordingly declared elected. Before Gov. Matteson's term expired, the Republicans were fully organized as a national party, and in 1S56 put into the field a full national and State ticket, carrying the State, but not the nation. The Legislature of 1S55 passed two very import- ant measures, — the present free-school system and a submission of the Maine liquor law to a vote of the people. The latter was defeated by a small majority of the popular vote. During the four years of Gov. Matteson's admin- istration the taxable wealth of the State was about trebled, from $t37,8t8,o79 to $349,95r,272 ; the pub- lic debt was reduced from $17,398,985 to $12,843,- 144; taxation was at the same time reduced, and llie State resumed paying interest on its debt in New York as fast as it fell due ; railroads were increased in their mileage from something less than 400 to about 3,000 ; and the population of Chicago was nearly doubled, and its commerce more than quad- rupled. Before closing this account, we regret that we have to say that Mr. Matteson, in all other respects an upright man and a good Governor, was implicated in a false re-issue of redeemed canal scrio, amount- ing to $224,t82.66. By a suit in the Sangamon Cir- cuit Court the State recovered the principal and all the interest excepting $27,500. He died in the winter of 1872-3, at Chicago. GO VERNORS OF ILLINOIS. 151 m^ m iL. (i^ii '^«§§>'^':^'^«ga^'S•^^'^l^if^'^'t.^^^^^'>a'^:^^a»'i^t^a'r'^Jl•^^>'|igi'^^ 1 1 1 [LLIAM H. BISSELL, Gov- ernor 1857-60, was born B(S April 25, iSii, in the State of New York, near Painted Post, Yates County. His parents were obscure, honest. God-fearing people, uiio reared their children under the daily example of industry and frugality, accord- ing to the custom of that class of Eastern society. Mr. Bissell received a respecta- l)le but not thorough academical education. By assiduous application he acquired a knowledge of medicine, and in his early manhood came West and located in Mon- roe County, this State, where he engaged in the practice of that profession. But he was not enam- ored of his calling: he was swayed by a broader ambition, to such an extent that the mysteries of the healing art and its arduous duties failed to yield him further any charms. In a few years he discovered his choice of a profession to be a mistake, and when lie approached the age of 30 he sought to begin anew. Dr. Bissell, no doubt unexpectedly to him- self, discovered a singular facility and charm of speech, the exercise of which acquired for him a ready local notoriety. It soon came to be under- stood that he desired to abandon his profession and take up that of the law. During terms of Court he would spend his time at the county seat among the members of the Bar, who extended to him a ready welcome. It was not strange, therefore, that he should drift into public life. In 1840 he was elected as a Dem- ocrat to the Legislature from Monroe County, and was an efficient member of that body. On his re- turn home he qualified himself for admission to the Bar and speedily rose to the front rank as an advo- cate. His powers of oratory were captivating. With a pure diction, charming and inimitable gestures, clearness of statement, and a remarkable vein of sly humor, his efforts before a jury told with irresistible effect. Hfe was chosen by the Legislature Prosecut- ing Attorney for tiie Circuit in which he lived, and in that position he fully discharged his duty to the State, gained the esteem of the Bar, and seldom failed to convict the offender of the law. In stature he was somewhat tall and slender, and with a straight, military bearing, he presented a dis- tinguished appearance. His complexion was dark, his head well poised, though not large, his address pleasant and manner winning. He was exemplary in his habits, a devoted husband and kind parent. He was twice married, the first time to Miss James, '5 = WILLIAM H. BlSSELl. of Monroe County, by whom he had two children, both daughters. She died soon after the year 1840, and Mr. B. married for his second wife a daughter of Elias K. Kane, previously a United States Senator from this State. She survived him but a short time, and died without issue. When the war with Mexico was declared in 1846, Mr. Bissell enlisted and was elected Colonel of his regiment, over Hon. Don Morrison, by an almost unanimous vote, — 807 to 6. Considering the limited opportunities he had had, he evinced a high order of military talent. On the bloody field of Buena Vista he acquitted himself with intrepid and distinguished ability, contributing with his regiment, the Second Illinois, in no small degree toward saving the waver- ing fortunes of our arms during that long and fiercely contested battle. After his return home, at the close of the war, he was elected to Congress, his opponents being the Hons. P. B. Fouke and Joseph Gillespie. He served two terms in Congress. He was an ardent politician. During the great contest of 1850 he voted in favor of the adjustment measures; but in 1S54 he opposed the repeal of the Missouri Compromise act and therefore the Kansas-Nebraska bill of Douglas, and thus became identified with the nascent Republican party. During his first Congressional term, while the Southern members were following their old practice of intimidating the North by bullying language, and claiming most of the credit for victories in the Mexican War, and Jefferson Davis claiming for the Mississippi troops all the credit for success at Buena Vista, Mr. Bissell bravely defended the Northern troops ; whereupon Davis challenged Bissell to a duel, which was accepted. This matter was brought ujj against Bissell when he was candidate for Governor and during his term of office, as the Constitution of this State forbade any duelist from holding a State office. In 1856, when the Republican party first put forth a candidate, John C. Fremont, for President of the United States, the same party nominated Mr. Bissell for Governor of Illinois, and John Wood, of Quincy, for Lieutenant Governor, while the Democrats nomi- nated Hon. W. A. Richardson, of Adams County, for Governor, and Col. R. J. Hamilton, of Cook County, for Lieutenant Governor. The result of the election was a plurality of 4,729 votes over Richard- son. The American, or Know-Nothing, party had a ticket in the field. The Legislature was nearly bal- anced, but was politically opposed to the Governor. His message to the Legislature was short and rather ordinary, and was criticised for expressing the sup- posed obligations of the people to the incorporators of the Illinois Central Railroad Company and for re- opening the slavery question by allusions to the Kansas troubles. Late in the session an apportion- ment'bill, based upon the State census of 1855, was passed, amid much partisan strife. The Governor at first signed the bill and then vetoed it. A furious debate followed, and the question whether the Gov- ernor had tlie authority to recall a signature was referred to the Courts, that of last resort deciding in favor of the Governor. Two years afterward another outrageous attempt was made for a re-apportionment and to gerrymander the State, but the Legislature failed to pass the bill over the veto of the Governor. It was during Gov. Bissell's administration that the notorious canal scrip fraud was brought to light, 'mplicating ex-Gov. Matteson and other prominent State officials. The principal and interest, aggregat- ing $255,500, was all recovered by the State except- ing ,$27,500. (See sketch of Gov. Matteson.) In 1S59 an attempt was discovered to fraudu- lently refund the Macalister and Stebbins bonds and thus rob the State Treasury of nearly a quarter of a million dollars. The State Government was impli- cated in this aff"air, and to this day remains unex- plained or unaloned for. For the above, and other matters previously mentioned. Gov. Bissell has been severely criticised, and he has also been most shame- fully libelled and slandered. On account of exposure in the army, the remote cause of a nervous form of disease gained entrance into his system and eventually developed paraplegia, affecting his lower extremities, which, while it left his body in comparative health, deprived him of loco- motion except by the aid of crutches. While he was generally hopeful of ultimate recovery, this myste- rious disease pursued him, without once rela.xing its stealthy hold, to the close of his life, March 18, i860, over nine months before the expiration of hia gubernatorial term, at the early age of 48 years. He died in the faith of the Roman Catholic Church. 0/ which he harx been a member since 1S54. GOVERNORS OF ILLINOIS. '55 l0lra lil00ll. *«♦ ;( )HN WOOD, Governor 1860-1, and ^^^*» the first settler of Quincy, 111., was born in the town of Sempro- nius (now Moravia), Cayuga Co., N. Y., Dec. 20, 1798. He was the second child and only son of Dr. Daniel Wood. His mother, nee Catherine Craiise, was of German parentage, and died while he was an infant. Dr. Wood was a learned and skillful physician, of classical attain- ments and proficient in several modern lai.guages, who, after serving throughout the Revolu- tionary War as a Surgeon, settled on the land granted him by the Government, and resided there a re- spected and leading influence in his section until his death, at the ripe age of 92 years. The subject of this sketch, impelled by the spirit of Western adventure then pervading everywhere, left his home, Nov. 2, 181S, and passed the succeed- ing winter in Cincinnati, Ohio. The following sum- mer he pushed on to Illinois, landing at Shawneetown. and spent the fall and following winter in Calhoun County. In 1820, in company with Willard Keyes, he settled in Pike County, about 30 miles southeast of Quincy, where for the next two years he pursued farming. In 1S21 he visited "the Bluffs" (as the present site of Quincy was called, then uninhabited) and, pleased with its prospects, soon after purchased a quarter-section of land near by, and in the follow- ing fall (1822) erected near the river a small cabin. 18 X 20 feet, the first building in Quincy, of which he then became the first and for some months tiie only occupant. About this time he visited his old friends in YW". County, chief of whom was William Ross, the lead- ing man in building up the village of Atlas, of that county, which was thought then to be the possible commencement of a city. One day they and others were traveling together over the country between the two points named, making observations on the com- parative merits of the respective localities. On ap- proaching the Mississippi near i\Ir. Wood's place, the latter told his companions to follow him and he would show them where he was going to build a city. They went about a mile off the main trail, to a high point, from which the view in every direction was most magnificent, as it had been for ages and as yet untouched by the hand of man. Before them swept by the majestic Father of Waters, yet unburdened by navigation. After Mr. Wood had expatiated at length on the advantages of the situation, Mr. Ross replied, " But it's too near Atlas ever to amount to anything!" Atlas is still a cultivated farm, and Quincy is a city of over 30,000 population. In 1824 Mr. Wood gave a newspaper notice, as the law then prescribed, of his intention to apply to the General Assembly for the formation of a new county. This was done the following winter, result- ing m the establishment of the present Adams County. During the next summer Quincy was se- lected as the county seat, it and the vicinity then containing but four adult male residents and halt' 'SO JOHN WOOD. that number of females. Since that period Mr. Wood resided at the place of his early adoption un- til his death, and far more than any other man was he identified with every measure of its progress and history, and almost continuously kept in public jiosi- tions. He was one of the early town Trustees, and after the place became a city he was often a member of the City Council, many times elected Mayor, in the face of a constant large opposition political majority. In 1850 he was elected to the State Senate. In 1856, on the organization of the Republican party, he was chosen Lieutenant Governor of the State, on the ticket with Wm. H. Bissell for Governor, and on the death of the latter, March 18, i860, he succeeded to the Chief Executive chair, which he occupied until Gov. Yates was inaugurated nearly ten months after- ward. Nothing very marked characterized the adminis- tration of Gov. Wood. The great anti-slavery cam- paign of i860, resulting in the election of the honest Illinoisan, Abraham Lincoln, to the Presidency of the United States, occurred during the short period while Mr. Wood was Governor, and the excitement and issues of that struggle dominated over every other consideration, — indeed, supplanted them in a great measure. The people of Illinois, during all that time, were passing the comparatively petty strifes under Bissell's administration to the overwhelming issue of preserving the whole nation from destruction. In 1861 ex-Gov. Wood was one of the five Dele- gates from Illinois to the " Peace Convention " at VVashingtoii, and in April of the same year, on the breaking out of the Rebellion, he was appointed Quartermaster-General of the State, which position he held tliroughout the war. In 1864 he took com- mand as Colonel of the 137th 111. Vol. Inf., with whom he served until the period of enlistment ex- pired. Politically, Gov. Wood was always actively identi- fied witli the Whig and Republican parties. Few men have in personal experience comprehended so many surprising and advancing local changes as vested in the more than half century recollections of Gov. Wood. Sixty-four years ago a solitary settler on the "Bluffs," with no family, and no neighbor within a score of miles, the world of civilization away beliind him, and the strolling red-m.an almost his only visitant, he lived to see growing around him, and under his auspices and aid, overspreading the wild hills and scraggy forest a teaming city, second only in size in the State, and surpassed nowhere in beauty, prosperity and promise ; whose people recog- nize as with a single voice the proverbial honor and liberality that attach to the name and lengthened life of their pioneer settler, "the old Governor." Gov. Wood was twice married, — first in January, 1826, to Ann M. Streeter, daughter of Joshua Streeter, formerly of Salem, Washington Co., N. Y. They had eight children. Mrs. W. died Oct. 8, 186;^, and in June, 1S65, Gov. Wood married Mrs. Mary A., widow of Rev. Joseph T. Holmes. Gov. Wood died June 4, 1880, at his residence in Quincy. Four of his eight children are now living, namely: Ann E., wife of Gen. John Tillson; Daniel C, who married Marv J. Abernethy ; John, Jr., who married Josephine Skinner, and Joshua S., who married Annie Bradley. The last mentioned now resides at Atchison, Kansas, and all the rest are still at Quincy. 'wPl GOVERNORS OF ILLINOIS. '59 ESblA;CTPTV^^^^7v:\r-v;. \. v\ .v,\ v A^^-vCv-yf. v^.A,v.» Jan. 18, 18 18, on the banks of J, the Ohio River, at Warsaw, ■^ Gallatin Co., Ky. His father ^ moved in 1831 to Illinois, and after stopping for a time in Springfield, settled at Island Grove, Sangamon County. Here, after attending school, Richard joined the family. Subsequently he entered Illinois College at Jacksonville, where, in 1S37, he graduated with first honors. He chose for his pro- fession the law, the Hon. J. J. Har- din being his instructor. After ad- mission to the Bar he soon rose to distinction as an advocate. Gifted witli a fluent and ready oratory, he noon appeared in the political hustings, and, being a passionate admirer of the great Whig leader of the West. Henry Clay, he joined his political fortunes to ■he party of his idol. In 1840 he engaged with great =rdor in the exciting " hard cider " campaign for riarrison. Two years later he was elected to the Legislature from Morgan County, a Democratic stronghold. He served three or four terms in the Legislature, and such was the fascination of his ora- f^ry that by 1850 his large Congressional District, extending from Morgan and Sangamon Counties 1 orth to include LaSalle, unanimously tendered him fne Whig nomination for Congress. His Democratic opponent was Maj. Thomas L. Harris, a very pop- v,lar man who had won distinction at the battle of Cerro Gordo, in the Mexican War, and who had ijcaten Hon. Stephen T. Logan for the same position, two years before, by a large majority. Yates wa." elected. Two years later he was re-elected, over John Calhoun. It was during Yates second term in Congress tiuit the great question of the repeal of the Missouri Coin- l)romise was agitated, and the bars laid down for re- opening the dreaded anti-slavery question. He toi)lc strong grounds against the repeal, and thus became identified with the rising Republican party. Conse- quently he fell into the minority in his district, which was pro-slavery. Even then, in a third contest, lie fell behind Major Harris only 200 votes, after the district had two years before given Pierce 2,000 majority for President. The Republican State Convention of r86o met at Decatur May g, and nominated for the office of Gov- ernor Mr. Yates, in preference to Hon. Norman B. Judd, of Chicago, and Leonard Swett, of Blooming- ton, two of the ablest men of the State, wlio were also candidates before the Convention. Francis A. Hoffman, of DuPage County, was nominated for Lieutenant Governor. This was the year when Mr. Lincoln was a candidate for President, a period re- meijibered as characterized by the great whidpool which precipitated the bloody War of the Rebellion. The Douglas Democrats nominated J. C. Allen of Crawford County, for Governor, and Lewis W. Ro-s, of Fulton County, for Lieutenant Governor. The Breckenridge Democrats and the Bell-Everett party had also full tickets in the field. After a most fear- ful campaign, the result of the election gave Mr. Yates 172,196 votes, and Mr. Allen 159,253. Mr. Yates received over a thousand more votes than did Mr. Lincoln himself. Gov. Yates occupied the chair of State during the i6o RICHARD YATES. most critical period of our country- 's history. In the fate of the nation was involved that of each State. The life struggle of the former derived its sustenance from the loyalt)' of the latter; and Gov. Yates seemed to realize the situation, and proved himself both loyal and wise in upholding the Government. He had a deep hold upon the affections of the people, won by his moving eloquence and genial manners. Erect and symmetrical in person, of pre- possessing appearance, with a winning address and a magnetic power, few men possessed more of the ele- ments of jwpularity. His oratory was scholarly and captivating, his hearers hardly knowing why they were transjxjrted. He was social and convivial. In the latter respect he was ultimately carried too far. The very creditable military efforts of this State during the War of the Rebellion, in putting into the field the enormous number of about 200,000 soldiers, were ever promptly and ably seconded by his excel- lency ; and the was ambitious to deserve the title of "the soldier's friend." Immediately after the battle of Shiloh he repaired to the field of carnage to look after the wounded, and his appeals for aid were promptly responded to by the people. His procla- mations calling for volunteers were impassionate appeals, urging uixju the people the duties and re- quirements of patriotism ; and his special message in 1863 to the Democratic Legislature of this State pleading for material aid for the sick and wounded soldiers of Illinois regiments, breathes a deep fervor of noble sentiment and feeling rarely equaled i.i beauty or felicity of expression. Generally his mes- sages on jxjlitical and civil affairs were able and com- prehensive. During his administration, however, there were no civil events of an engrossing character, although two years of his time were replete with partisan quarrels of great bitterness. Military ar- rests, Knights of the Golden Circle, riot in Fulton County, attempted suppression of the Chicago Times and the usurping State Constitutional Convention of 1S62, were the chief local topics that were exciting during the Governor's term. This Convention assem- bled Jan. 7, and at once took the high iX)sition that ' he law calling it was no longer binding, and that it : ad supreme power; that it represented a virtual assemblage of the whole people of the State, and was sovereign in the exercise of all power necessary to effect a peaceable revolution of the State Government and to the re-establishment of one for the "happiness., prosperity and freedom of the citizens," limited only by the Federal Constitution. Notwithstanding the law calling the Convention required its members to take an oath to supix)rt the Constitution of the State as well as that of the general Government, they utterly refused to take such oath. They also as- sumed legislative powers and passed several imjx)rt- ant "laws!" Interfering with the (then) present executive duties, Gov. Yates was provoked to tell them plainly that " he did not acknowledge the right of the Convention to instruct him in the performance of his duty." In 1863 the Governor astonished the Democrats by " proroguing " their Legislature. This body, after a recess, met June 2, that year, and soon began to waste time upon various partisan resolutions ; and, while the two houses were disagreeing u[X)n the question of adjourning ««* die, the Governor, having the authority, in such cases, surprised them all by adjourning them " to the Saturday next preceding the first Monday in January, 1865 ! " This led to great excitement and confusion, and to a reference of the Governor's act to the Supreme Court, who decided in his favor. Then it was the Court's turn to receive abuse for weeks and months afterward. During the autumn of 1864 a conspiracy was de- tected at Chicago which had for its object the liber- ation of the prisoners of war at Camp Douglas, the burning of the city and the inauguration of rebellion in the North. Gen. Sweet, who had charge of the camp at the time, first had his suspicions of danger aroused by a number of enigmatically worded letters which passed through the Camp postoffice. A de- tective afterward discovered that the rebel Gen. Marmaduke was in the city, under an assumed name, and he, with other rebel officers — Grenfell, Morgan, Cantrell, Buckner Morris, and Charles Walsh — was arrested, most of whom were convicted by a court-martial at Cincinnati and sentenced to imprisonment, — Grenfell to be hung. The sentence of the latter was afterward commuted to imprison- ment for life, and all the others, after nine months' imprisonment, were pardoned. In March, 1873, Gov. Yates was appointed a Gov- ernment Director of the Union Pacific Railroad, in which office he continued until his decease, at St. Louis, Mo., on the 27th of November following. ^ GGVERA'ORS OF ILLINOIS. 163 Michard J. Oqlesby % -^^. -^3. -;rf :'^UCHARD J. OGLESBY, Gov- ernor 1865-8, and re-elected in 1872 and 1884, was born July 25, 1824, in Oldham Co., Ky., — the State which might f^X""^ be considered the " mother of Illinois Governors." Bereft of his parents at the tender age %> of eight years, his early education was neglected. When 12 years of age, and after he had worked a year and a half at tlie carpenter's trade, he removed with an uncle, Willis Oglesby, into whose care he had been committed, to Decatur, this State, where he continued his ap- prenticeship as a mechanic, working si.K months for Hon. E. O. Smith. In 1844 he commenced studying law at .Spring- field, with Judge Silas Robbins, aud read with him one year. He was admitted to the Bar in 1845, and commenced the practice of his chosen profession at Sullivan, the county seat of Moultrie (bounty. The next year the war with Mexico was com- menced, and in June, 1846, Mr. Oglesby volunteered, was elected First Lieutenant of Co. C, Fourth Illinois Regiment of Volunteers, and participated in the bat- tles of Vera Cruz and Cerro Gordo. On his return he sought to perfect his law studies by attending a course of lectures at Louisville, but on the breaking out of the California "gold fever" in 1849, he crossed the plains and mountains to the new Eldorado, driving a six-mule team, with a com- ^ pany of eight men, Henry Prather being the leader. In 1852 he returned home to Macon County, and was placed that year by the Whig party on the ticket of Presidential Electors. In r8s6 he visited Europe, Asia and Africa, being absent 20 months. On his return home he resumed the practice of law, as a member of the firm of Gallagher, Wait & Oglesby. In 1S58 he was the Republican nominee for the Lower House of Congress, but was defeated by the Hon. James C. Robinson, Democrat. In i860 he was elected to the Illinois State Senate ; and on the evening the returns of this election were coming in, Mr. Oglesby had a fisticuff encounter with " Cerro Gordo Williams," in which he came out victorious, and which was regarded as " the first fight of the Rebellion." The following spring, when the war had commenced in earnest, his ardent nature quickly responded to the demands of patriotism and he enlisted. The extra session of the Legislature elected him Colonel of the Eighth Illinois Infantry, the second one in the State raised to suppress the great Rebellion. He was shortly entrusted with important com- mands. For a time he was stationed at Bird's Point and Cairo; in April he was promoted Brigadier Gen- eral ; at Fort Donelson his brigade was in the van, i)eing stationed on the right of General Grant's army and the first brigade to be attacked. He lost 500 men before re-inforcements arrived. Many of these men were from Macon County. He was engaged in the battle of Corinth, and, in a brave charge at this place, was shot in the left lung with an ounce ball, and was carried from the field in expectation of im- 1 64 RICHARD J. OGLESBY. mediate death. That rebel ball he carries to this day. On his partial recovery he was promoted as Major General, for gdlantry, his commission to rank from November, 1862. In the spring of 1S63 he was assigned to the command of the i6th Army Corps, but, owing to inability fron the effects of his wound, he relinquished tliis command in July, that year. Gen. Grant, however, refused to accept his resignation, and he was detailed, in December folio w- ing, to court-martial and try the Surgeon General of the Army at Washington, where he remained until May, 1864, whin he returned home. The Republican, or Uiion, State Convention of 1864 was held at Springfield, May 25, when Mr. Oglesby was nominated for the office of Governor, while other candidates before the Convention were Allen C. Fuller, of Boone, Jesse K. Dubois, of Sanga- mon, and John M. Palmer, of Macoupin. VVm. Bross, of Chicago, was nominated for Lieutenant Governor. On the Democratic State ticket were James C. Robinson, of Clark, for Governor, and S. Corning Judd, of Fulton, for Lieutenant Governor. The general election gave Gen. Oglesby a majority of about 31,000 votes. The Republicans had also a majority in both thj Legislature and in the repre- sentation in Congress. Gov. Oglesby was duly inaugurated Jan. i-j, 1865. The day before tlie first time set for his installation de.ith visited his lu ne at Decatur, and took from it his only son, an intelligent and sprightly lad of six years, a great favorite of the bereaved parents. This caused the inauguration to be po3t|X)ned a week. The political events of the Legislative session of 1865 were the election of ex-Gov. Yates to the United .States Senate, and the ratification of the 13th amend. nent to the Constitution of the United States, abolishing slavery. This session also signalized itself by repealing the notorious " black laws," part of which, although a dead letter, had held their place upon the statute books since 1S19. Also, laws re- quiring the registration of voters, and establishing a State Board of Equalization, were passed by this Leg- islature. But the same body evinced that it was cor- ruptly influenced by a mercenary lobby, as it adopted some bad legislation, over the Governor's veto, nota- bly an amendment to a charter for a Chicago horse railway, granted in 1859 for 25 years, and now sought to be extended 99 years. As this measure was promptly passed ov;r his veto by both branches of the Legislature, he deemed it useless further to attempt to check their headlong career. At this session no law of a general useful character or public interest was perfected, unless we count such the •urning over of the canal to Chicago to be deepened. The session of 1867 was still more productive of private and special acts. Many omnibus bills were proposed, and some passed. Tiie contests over tiie ..Dcaiion of the Industrial College, the Cipital, the Southern Penitentiary, and the canal enlargement and Illinois River improvement, dominated every thing else. During the year 1872, it became evident that if the Republicans could re-elect Mr. Oglesby to ihe office of Governor, they could also elect him to the United States Senate, which they desired to do. -Accordingly they re-nominated him for the Execu- tive chair, and placed upon the ticket with him for Lieutenant Governor, John L. Beveridge, of Cook County. On the other side the Democrats put into the field Gustavus Koerner for Governor and John C. Black for Lieutenant Governor. The election gave the Republican ticket majorities ranging from 35,334 to 56,174, — the Democratic defection being caused mainly by their having an old-time Whig and .Abolitionist, Horace Greeley, on the national ticket for President. According to the general understand- ing had beforehand, as soon as the Legislature met it elected Gov. Oglesby to the United States Senate, whereupon Mr. Beveridge became Governor. Sena- tor Oglesby 's term expired March 4, 1S79, having served his party faithfully and exhibited an order of statesmanship beyond criticism. During the campaign of 1884 Mr. Oglesby was nominated for a "third term" as E.xecutive of the State of Illinois, against Carter H. Harrison, Mayor of Cliicago, nominated by the Democrats. Both gentlemen "stumped " the State, and while the peo- ple elected a Legislature which was a tie on a joint ballot, as between the two parties, they gave the jovial " Dick" Oglesby a majority of 15,018 for Gov- ernor, and he was inaugurated Jan. 30, 1S85. The Legislature did not fully organize until this date, on account of its equal division between the two main parties and the consequent desperate tactics of each party to checkmate the latter in the organization of the House. • Gov. Oglesby is a fine-appearing, affable man, with regular, well defined features and rotund face. In stature he is a little above medium height, of a large frame and somewhat fleshy. His physical appear- ance is striking and prepossessing, while his straight- out, not to say bluff, manner and speech are well calculated favorably to impress the average masses. -Ardent in feeling and strongly committed to the pol- icies of his party, he intensifies Republicanism among Republicans, while at the same time his jovial and liberal manner prevents those of the opposite party from hating him. He is quite an effective stump orator. With vehe- ment, passionate and scornful tone and gestures, tremendous physical power, which in speaking he exercises to the utmost; with frequent descents to the grotesque; and with abundant homely compari- sons or frontier figures, expressed in the broadest vernacular and enforced with stentorian emphasis, he delights a promiscuous audience beyond measure. &._#^^^:^-- GO VERNORS OF ILLINOIS. IU7 J o HN M. Pa l mer J liOHN Mc AULEY PALMER, Gov- ernor 1869-72, was born on Eagle Creek, Scott Co., Ky., Sept. 13, 1S17. During his in- fancy, his father, who had been a soldier in the war of 18 12, re- moved to Christian Co., Ky., where lands were cheap. Here the future Governor of the great Prairie State spent his childhood and received such meager school- ing as the new and sparsely set- tled country afforded. To this he added materially by diligent reading, for which he evinced an eaily aptitude. His father, an ardent Jackson man, was also noted for his anti-slavery sentiments, which he thoroughly impressed upon his children. In 1831 he emigrated to Illinois, settling in Madison County. Here tlie labor of improving a farm was pursued for about two years, when the death of Mr. Palmer's noiher broke up the family. About this time Alton College was opened, on tlie "manual labor " system, and in the spring of 1834 young Palmer, with his elder brother, Elihu, entered this school and remained 18 months. Next, for over three years, he tried variously coopering, peddling and school-teaching. Duiing the summer of 1838 he formed the ac- quain'Lince of Stephen A. Douglas, then making his first canvass for Congress. Young, eloquent and in political accord with Mr. Palmer, he won his confi- dence, fired his ambition and fixed his purpose. The following winter, while teaching near Canton, he be- gan to devote his spare time to a desultory reading of law, and in the spring entered a law office at Car- linville, making his home with his elder brother, Elihu. (The latter was a learned clergyman, of con- siderable orginality of thought and doctrine.) On the next meeting of the Supreme Court he was ad- mitted to the Bar, Douglas being one of his examiners. He was not immediately successful in his profession, and would have located elsewhere than Carlinville had he the requisite means. Thus his early poverty was a blessing in disguise, for to it he now attributes the success of his life. From 1839 on, while he diligently pursued his profession, he participated more or less in local politics. In 1843 he became Probate Judge. Ip 1847 '^s ^^^s elected to the State Constitutional Con vention, where he took a leading part. In 1852 Ik was elected to the State Senate, and at the special session of February, 1854, true to the anti-slaverj sentiments bred in him, he took a firm stand in op position to the repeal of the Missouri Compromise, and when the Nebraska question became a [lart] issue he refused to receive a re-nomination for ths Senatorship at the hands of the Democracy, issuinj, a circular to that effect. A few weeks afterward 7r,s JOHN MC AULEY PALMER. ho .vever, hesitating to break with his party, he par- iliipated in a Congressional Convention which nonii- r. L. Harris against Richard Yates, and which anqualifiedly approved the principles of the Kansas- Nebraska act. But later in the campaign he made the plunge, ran for the Senate as an Anti-Nebraska Democrat, and was elected. The following winter he put in nomination for the .United States Sejiate Mr. Trumbull, and was one of the five steadfast men who voted for liim until all the Whigs came to their support and elected their man. In 1856 he was Chairman of the Republican State Convention at Bloomington. He ran for Congress in 1859, but was defeated. In i860 he was Republican Presidential Elector for the State at large. In 1861 he was appointed one of the five Delegates (all Re- publicans) sent by Illinois to the peace congress at Washington. When the civil conflict broke out, he offered his services to his country, and was elected Colonel of the 14th 111. Vol. Inf, and participated in the engagements at Island No. 10; at Farir.ington, where he skillfully extricated his command from a dangerous position ; at Stone River, where his division for several hours, Dec. 31, 1862, held the advance and stood like a rock, and for his gallantry there he was made Major Ceneral; at Chickamauga, where his and Van Cleve's divisions for two hours maintained their position when they were cut off" by overpowering numbers. Under Gen. ShermaUj he was assigned to the i4lh .\rniv Corps and participated in the .\tlanta campaign. At Peacii-Tree Creek his prudence did much to avert disaster. In February, 1865, Gen. Palmer was as- Figned to the military administration of Kentucky, which was a . delicate post. That State was about half rebel and half Union, and those of the latter element were daily fretted by the loss of their slaves. He, who had been bred to the rules of common law, trembled at the contemplation of his extraordinary power ovjr the persons and property of his fellow men, with which he was vested in his capacity as military Governor; and he exhibited great caution in the execution of the duties of his post. Gen. Palmjr was nominated for Governor of Illi- nois by the Republican State Convention which met at Pe )ri I M.iy 6, 186S, and his nomination would l)robably have been made by acclamation had he not oersi^ten^ly declared that he could not accept a can- didature for the office. The result of the ensuing election gave Mr. Palmer a majority of 44,707 over John R. Eden, the Democratic nominee. On the meeting of the Legislature in January, 1869, the first thing to arrest public attention was that portion of the Governor's message which took broad State's rights ground. This and some minor points, which were more in keeping with the Demo- cratic sentiment, constituted the entering wedge fir the criticisms and reproofs he afterward received from the Republican party, and ultimately resulted in his entire aleniation from the latter element. The Legislature just referred to was noted for the intro- duction of numerous bills in the interest of private parties, which were embarrassing to the Governor. Among the public acts passed was that which limited railroad charges for passenger travel to a maximum of three cents per mile ; and it was passed over the Governor's veto. Also, they passed, over his veto, the "tax-grabbing law" to pay r^.ilrosd subscriptions, the Chicago Lake Front bill, etc. The new State Constitution of 1870, far superior to the old, was a peaceful " revolution" which took place during Gov. Palmer's term of office. The suffering caused by the great Chicago Fire of October, 187 1, was greatly alleviated by the prompt responses of his excellency. Since the expiration of Gov. Palmers 's term, he has been somewhat prominent in Illinois politics, and has been talked of by many, especially in the Dem- ocratic party, as the best man in the State for a United States Senator. His business during life has been that of the law. Few excel him in an accurate appreciation of the depth and scope of its principles. The great number of his able veto messages abun- dantly testify not only this but also a rare capacity to point them out. He is a logical and cogent reasoner and an interesting, forcible and convincing speaker, though not fluent or ornate. Without brilliancy, his dealings are rather with facts and ideas than with appeals to passions and prejudices. He is a patriot and a statesman of very high order. Physically he is above the medium height, of robust frame, ruddy complexion and sanguine-nervous temperament. He lias a large cranial development, is vivacious, social in disposition, easy of approach, unostentatious in his liabits of life, democratic in his habits and manners and is a true American in his fundamental princiiilc of statesmanship. GO VERNORS OF ILLINOIS. 17T 4lfe ac^:8i:jS'^t^t^'^t^'yji'.J 1 l®!H ^ '''.•.^'tig:it^'g§it;."i' ; I'^A.' ; 1' ; 1' ; ji ; 1' ^l' /i/ir; ■. ; >. ; '1 ; u ; '. ■. '. ■. '1 ^ 'i\M^^^<^t!^^c&>\'. ".~r«ts>s> :^^ N;i^^*;is-«>^:Ke^s;g^i^sis^S;C*^$;;&>s*;::*#S;g<^;K^**;-;ijle. home. John was, of course, brought up to hard manual labor, with no schooling except three or four months in the year at a common country school. However, he evinced a capacity and taste for a high order of self-education, by studying or reading what books he could borrow, as the family had but very few in the house. Much of his study he prosecuted by the light of a log fire in the old-fashioned chimney place. The financial panic of 1S57 caused the family to come near losing their home, to pay debts ; but the father and two sons, William and John, "buckled to'' and perse vered in hard labor and economy until they redeemed their place from the mortgage. When the tremendous excitement of the political campaign of 1S60 reached the neighborhood of Rob- erts Township, young Hamilton, who had been brought up in the doctrine of anti-slavery, took a zeal- ous [)art in favor of Lincoln's election. Making speci.il efforts to procure a little money to buy a uniform, he joined a company of Lincoln Wide-Awakes at M.ng- nolia, a village not far away. Directly after the ensuing election it became evident that trouble would ensue with the South, and this Wide-Awake company, like many others throughout the country, kept up its organization and transformed itself into a military company. During the ensuing summer they met often for drill and became proficient ; but wheji they offered themselves for the war, young Hamilton was rejected on account of his youth, he being then but .14 years of age. During the winter of 1863-4 lie attended an academy at Henry, Marshall County. i8o JOHN MARSHALL HAMILTON. and in the following May he again enlisted, for the fourth time, when he was placed in the 141st 111. Vol. Inf., a regiment then being raised at Elgin, 111., for the 100-day service. He took with him 13 other lads from his neighborhood, for enlistment in the service. This regiment operated in Soulhwesteni Kentucky, for about five months, under Gen. Paine. The following winter, 1864-5, •^'■- Hamilton taught school, and during the two college years 1865-7, he went through three years of tlie curriculum of the Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware, Ohio. Tlie third year he graduated, the fourth in a class of 46^ in the classical department. In due time he received the degree of M. A. For a few months he was the Principal of Marshall " College " at Henry, an acad- emy under the auspices of the M. E. Church. By this time he had commenced the study of law, and after earning some money as a temporary Professor of Latin at the Illinois Wesleyan University at Bloomington, he entered the law office of Weldon, Tipton & Benjamin, of that city. Each member of this firm has since been distinguished as a Judge. .Admitted to the Bar in May, 1870, Mr. Hamilton was given an interest in the same firm, Tipton hav- ing been elected Judge. In October following he formed a partnership with J. H. Rowell, at that time Prosecuting Attorney. Their business was then small, but they increased it to very large proportions, practicing in all grades of courts, including even the U. S. Supreme Court, and this partnersliip continued unbroken until Feb. 6, 1883, when Mr. Hamilton was sworn in as Executive of Illinois. On the 4th of March following Mr. Rowell took his seat in Con- gress. In July, 187 1, Mr. Hamilton married Miss Helen M. Williams, the daughter of Prof. \Vm. G, Williams, Professor of Greek in the Ohio Wejleyan University. Mr. and Mrs. H. have two daughters and one son. In 1876 Mr. Hamilton was nominated by the Re- publicans for the State Sen.ite, over other and older competitors. He took an active part '■ 0:1 the stump " in the campaign, for the success of his party, and was sleeted by a majority of 1,640 over his Democratic- Greenback opponent. In the Senate he served on the Committees on Judiciary, Revenue, State Insti- tutions, Appropriations, Education, and on Miscel'- lany ; and during the contest for the election of a U. S. Senator, the Republicans endeavoring to re- elect John A. Logan, he voted for the war chief on every ballot, even alone when all the other Republi- cans had gone over to the Hon. E. B. Lawrence and the Democrats and Independents elected Judge David Davis. At this session, also, was passed the first Board of Health and Medical Practice act, of which Mr. Hamilton was a champion, agair;; , ; much opposition that the bill was several times " laid on the table." Also, this session authorized the location and establishment of a southern peri- tentiary, which was fixed at Chester. In the session of 1879 Mr. Hamilton was elected Vxt.%\A&xA fro tern. of the Senate, and was a zealous supporter of John A. Logan for the" U. S. Senate, who war, this time elected without any trouble. In May, 1880, Mr. Hamilton was nominated on the Republican ticket for Lieutenant Governor, his principal competitors before the Convention being Hon. Wm. A. James, ex- Speaker of the House of Representatives, Judge Robert Bell, of Wabash County, Hon. T. T. Fountain, of Perry County, and Hon. M. M. Saddler, of Marion County. He engaged actively in the campaign, and his ticket was elected by a majority of 41,200. As Lieutenant Governor, he presided almost continuously over the Senate in the 32d General .Assembly and during the early days of the 33d, until he succeeded to the Governorship. When the Legislature of 1883 elected Gov. Cullom to the United States Senate, Lieut. Gov. Hamilton succeeded him, under the Constitution, taking the oath of office Feb. 6, 1883. He bravely met all the annoyances and embarrassments incidental upon taking up another's administration. The principal events with which Gov. Hamilton was connected as the Chief Executive of the State were, the mine dis- aster at Braidwood, the riots in St. Clair and Madison Counties in May, 1883, the appropriations for the State militia, the adoption of the Harper high-license liquor l.iw, the'vetoof a dangerous railroad bill, etc. The Governor was a Delegate at large to the National Republican Convention at Chicago in June, 1884, where his first choice for President was John A. Logan, and second choice Chester A. .\rthur; but he afterward zealously worked for the election of Mr. Blaine, true to his party. Mr. Hamilton's term as Governor expired Jan. 30, 1885, wlien the great favorite "Dick" Oglesby was inauourated. J25*Nk, JOSEPH w. fifi-:r. 183 4i»^ .^e.'iS^i Sit > •o*o..@>>,A^..o«o. -v ■9* osKPH WILSON FIFf:R. This 1 5: distiiiguisLed gentleman was (*^t« elected Governor of Illinois ,%'•■ November 6, 1888. He was [ \. popularly known daring the ^ X' campaign as "Private Joe." He had served with great devotion to his country during the Ke- bellion. in the Thirty-third Illinois Infantry. A native of Virginia, he was born in 1840. His parents, John and ^larj- (Daniels) Fifer, were American born, though of (German de- scent. His father was a brick and stone mason, and an old Henry Clay Whig in politics. John and Mary Fifer had nine children, of whom Joseph was the sixth, and naturally witli so large a family it was .all the father could do to keep the wolf from the door; to say nothing of giving his children any- thing like good educational advantages. Young Joseph attended school some in Vir- ginia, but it w!us not a good school, and when his father removed to the West, iu 1857, Joseph had not advanced much further than the "First Reader." ■^T Our subject was sixteen then and suffered a great misfortune iu the loss of his mother. After the deal h of Mrs. Fifer, which occurred in Missouri, tlie family returned to Virginia, but remained only a short time, as during the same year Mr. Fifer came to Illinois. He settled in McLean County and started a brickyard. Here Joseph and his broth- ers were put to work. The elder Fifer soon bought a farm near Bloomington and began life as an agriculturalist. Here Joe worked and .attended the neighboring school. He alternated farm-work, brick-la3ing, and going to the district school for the succeeding few years. It was all work and no play for Joe, j^et it by no means niade a dull buy of him. All the time he was thinking of the great world outside, of which he had caught a glimpse when coming from Virginia, yet he did not know just how he was going to get out into it. He could not feel that the woods around the new farm and the log cabin, in which the family lived, were to hold him. The opportunity to get out into the world was soon offered to young Joe. He traveled a dozen miles barefoot, in company' with his brother (ieorge, and enlisted in Company C, 33d Illinois Infantry; he being then twenty years old. In a few day 184 JOSEPH W. FIFER. tl'.e regiment was sent to Camp Butler, and then over into Missouri, and saw some vigorous service tliere. After a second time lielping to cliase Price out of Missouri, tlie 33d Kegiment went down to Milliken's Bend, and for several weeks ■• Private Joe" worked on Grant's famous ditcii. The regi- ment then joined the forces operating against Port (iibson and Vicksburg. Joe was on guard duty in the front ditches when the flag of surrender was run \\\) on the 4th of July, and stuck the ba^-onet of his gun into the embankment and went into the cit}' with the vanguard of I'nion soldiers. The next da3% Jul3' 5, the 38d joined the force after Johnston, who had been threatening Grant's rear; and tinally an assault w;is made on him at Jackson, Miss. In this charge -^Private Joe" fell, ter- ribly' wounded. He was loading his gun when a minie-ball struck him and passed entirel}" through ins body. He was regarded as mortally wounded. His brother, George, who had Ijeen made a Lieu- tenant, proved to be tlie means of saving his life. Tlie Surgeon told him unless he had ice liis brotlier Joe cf)uld not live. It was fifty miles to the nearest point where ice could be obtained, and the roads were rough. .\^ comrade, a McLean county man, who liad been wounded, offered to make the trip. An ambulance was secured and the brother soldier started on thejournej-. He returned with the ice. but the trii). owing to the roughness of tlie I'oads. was very hard on him. After a few months' care- ful nursing Mr. Fifer was able to come home. The 33d came home on a furlough, and when the boys were ready to return to the tented field, young Fifer was ready to go with them: for he was determined to finish liis term of three 3^ears. He was mustered out in October, 1864. having been in the service three years and two months. ••Private Joe" came out of the arm}' a tall, tanned, and awkward young man of twent\'-four. About all he possessed was ambition to be some- bod}- — and pluck. Though at an age when most men have finished their college course, the 3-oung soldier saw that if he was to be anybody- he must have an education. Yet he had no means to ena- ble him to enter school as most 3'oung men do. He was determined to have an education, however, and that to him meant success. For the followina: four years he struggled with his books. He entered Wesleyan University Jan. 1. 1865. He was not a brilliant student, being neither at the head nor the foot of liis class. He was in great earnest, how- ever, studied hard and came forth witii a well- stored and disciplined mind. Immediately after being graduated he entei-ed an ofHce at Bloomington as a law student. He had alre.adj' read law some, and as he continued to work hard, with the spur of poverty and promptings of ambition ever with him, he was ready to hang out his professional shingle in 1869. Being triist- worthj' he soon gathered about him some influen- tial friends. In 1871 he was elected Corporation Counsel of Bloomington. In 1872 he was elected State's Attorney of McLean Count}-. This office he held for eight j'ears, when he took his seat in the State Senate. Here he served for four years. His ability to perform abundance of hard work made him a most valued member of the Legisla- ture. ^Ir. Fifer was married in 1870 to Gertie, daugh- ter of William J. Lewis, of Bloomington. Mr. Fifer is six feet in height and is spare, weighing- only I.jU pounds. He has a swarth}- complexion, keen black ej'es. quick movement, and possesses :v frank and sympathetic nature, .and naturally makes friends wherever he goes. During the late Guber- natorial campaign his visits throughout the State proved a great power in his behalf. His liappv facult}' of winning the confidence and good wishes of those with whom he comes in personal contact is a source of great popularit}', especiallv during a polit- ical l)attle. As a speaker he is fluent, his hiugu.age is good, voice clear and agreeable, and manner forcible. His manifest earnestness in what he s.ivs as well as his tact as a public speaker, and his elo- quent and forceful language, makes him a most valuable campaign orator and a powerful pleader at the bar. At the Republican State Convention, held in May. 188S, ^Ir. Fifer was chosen .as its candi- date for (Governor. He proved a popular nominee, and the name of •• Private Joe " became familiar to everyone throughout the State. He waged a vigorous campaign, was elected by a good m.ijority. and in due time assumed the duties of the Chief Executive of Illinois. fa« — • ■^.o^j^o; ^6)*^ mmm & T. ^..<=?:-^??'. ^^^'^ M INTRODUQTORY.i^ "»°,C[-JE time has arrived when it becomes the duty of the people of this county to per- petuate the names of their pioneers, to furnish a record of their early settlement, and relate the story of their progress. The civilization of our day, the enlightenment of the age and the duty that men of the pres- ent time owe to their ancestors, to '"i.rtr''i'J': y themselves and to their posterity, oJ ti^'^r-' p'rs demand that a record of their lives -^, Vr^ r\-^ and deeds should be made. In bio- graphical history is found a power to instruct man by precedent, to enliven the mental faculties, and to waft down the river of time a safe vessel in whicli the names and actions of the people who contributed to raise this country from its primitive state may be preserved. Surely and ra[)idly the great and aged men, who in their j^rinie entered the w-ildenjess and claimed the virgin soil as their heritage, are passing to tlicir graves. The number re- maining wliocan relate the incidents of tlie first days jf settlement is becoming small indeed, so that an actual necessity exists for the collection and [jreser- vation of events without delay, before all the early settlers are cut down by the scythe of Time. To be forgotten has been the great dread of mankind from remotest ages. All will be forgotten soon enough, in spite of tiieir best works and the most earnest efforts of their friends to perserve the memory of their lives. The means employed to prevent oblivion and to perpetuate their memory has been in propor- tion to the amount of intelligence they possessed. Th: pyramids of Egypt were built to perpetuate the names and deeds of their great rulers. The exhu- mations made by the archeologists of Egypt from buried Memphis indicate a desire of those people to perpetuate the memory of their achievements. The erection of the great obelisks were for the same purpose. Coming down to a later period, we find the Greeks and Romans erecting mausoleums and monu- ments, and carving out statues to chronicle tlieir great achievements and carry them down the ages. It is also evident that the Mound-builders, in piling up their great mounds of earth, had but this idea — to leave something to show that they had lived. All these works, though many of them costly in the e.x- treme, give but a faint idea of the lives and charac- ters of those whose memory they were intended to perpetuate, and scarcely anything of the masses of the people that then lived, the great pyramids and some of the obelisks remain objects only of curiosity; the mausoleums, monuments and statues are crum- bling into dust. It was left to modern ages to establish an intelli- gent, undecaying, immutable method of perpetuating a full history — immutable in that it is almost un- limited in e.xtent and perpetual in its action ; and this is through the art of printing. To the present generation, however, we are in- debted for the introduction of the admirable system of local biography. By this system every man, though he has not achieved what the world calls greatness, has the means to perpetuate his life, his history, through the coming ages. The scythe of Time cuts down all ; nothing of the physical man is left. The monument which his chil- dren or friends may erect to his memory in the ceme- tery will crumble into dust and pass away; but his life, his achievements, the work he has accomplished, which otherwise would be forgotten, is perpetuated by a record of this kind. To preserve the lineaments of our companions we engrave their jwrtraits, for the same reason we col- lect the attainable facts of their history. Nor do we think it necessary, as we speak only truth of them, to wait until they are dead, or until those who know iheni are gone: to do this we are ashamed only to pul)lish to the world the history of those whose lives are unworthy of public record. PORTHAIT AND HIOGRAlMlfcAL ALliUM. 191 '^i — >-5-^& — °-»e-o — ■» {< - ;| LEXANDKK HULL. M. D., ' Ba of I>ewistovvn, is one of the most eminent members of the medical i)rofession in Central Uliiiois, and not only has he been honored and distinguisliod as a physician and surgeon who has met with more than usual success in his chosen profession, but for his excfileut record as a civic officer, and for the ]iart he has always taken in the cause of education and other interests tend- ing to advance the material pros- perity of the county. Me has also shown himself a business man of more than ordinary ability, and although he has been very lil)eral and charitable to tlu! i)oor, and has given largely of his means toward the support of all jirojects tending to alle- viute human suffering and promote their happiness, lie has acquired a large competency, and is re- garded as one of the wealthy and most inHuential citi- zens of this county. Among those inseparably identified with the advance of this county, is Dr. Hull, whose portrait appears on the opposite page, and before giving a more extended mention of his history, it might be well to give briefly that o! liis ancestry. His paternal grandfather. ,Iohn Hull, was of Euglisli descent but a native of ^Lar\ land, from which place he removed to Virginia, near Hari)er's Feny, in 171)8. 'I'lience, in 1807, he. with a large family, four sons and seven daughters, re- moved to Licking County. Ohio, not in wagons, but on pack-horses and on foot, through an un- broken wilderness, inhabited mostly by Indians, and onl}- now and then a white man to be seen. Here he passed the remainder of his life, surrounded by most of his children, until the time of his death, at the age of eighty-five years. His son Philip, the father of our subject, was born in Harrison Count\-, Md., in 1795, and was twelve years of age when he accompanied his fam- ily from \'irginia to Licking County, Ohio. He there enlisted in tlie War of 1812, and by re.ison of his seiH'iccs drew a pension in his old age. There also in 1820 he married Sarah, dalighter of Alex- ander iMcCracken who was born in the North of Ireland but of Scotch ancestry. During the Revo- lutionary War he was brought to this country veiy nuich against his will as a soldier in the British Army, was taken prisoner by the Americans and not released until the close of the war, when he re- turneil to his native isle. Butso well pleased was he with what he saw of America, that he soon came back and settled near lirownsville, Fayette County. Pa. Shortly afterward he married a Miss Eaton, and they made this their home for many years, aild in the meantime reared a largo family of children. 'While yet in Ireland he was converted to Chris- tianity under the influence and preaching of Adam Clark, and soon after he united with tlie Methodist Clinrrh. and became noted as a minister. In 1817 he and family removed from Pennsylvania to Mus- kingum County, Ohio, where he resided until his lieath at the advanced age of nearly ninety years. He performed most C)f the marriage ceremonies and preached the greater number of the funeral ser- mons within the vicinity of his home for one third of a century in the early days of Ohio, as many of the older people of this county who knew Liim there can attest. In the fall of 1838 Philip Hull left Licking County, Ohio, to seek a home in the then Far West, and accompanied l)y his wife and children made ilie trij) overland in wagons to li'ulton 192 PORTRAIT A^;D BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. County arriving in Lewistown on the 10th of De- cember. In the spring of 1839 lie bought and moved on to a tract of land, one hundred and sixty acres, near the present site of .Suiithfield, on which was a lo§ cabin and a fen- acres of land fenced and broken. After living in the cabin for a short lime a comfortable frame house was built, and the farm was otherwise improved; but for many }'ears deer and wild turke3's were plent3^ in the neighborhood and throughout the county. In the fall of 1S45 he, in company with many of his neighbors, hauled wheat in waguns to Chicago, two hundred miles distant, taking with them provisions and horse feed, camping out, consuming three weeks in mak- ing the trip. The}' sold their wheat at forty-seven cents per busliel, and bouglit such articles as were essential to the family and returned, being well jileased with their trip and the speculation. These were the days of hard times, hardships and per- plexities. There were then no railroads, nor were there any for many years afterward. But how changed the scenes, circumstances and conditions since then. The parents of our subject continued to reside on the old homestead until 186.5, when they sold it to Jacob Zigler, who now occupies it. an(\, regards it as the best farm in Cass Township. They how- ever soon bought another, within a mile of Lewis- town, where the}' resided until the time of their death, which occurred in 1881 after long lives — sixty-four years having been spent together in happy married life. The father died at tlie age of eight-nine }-ears, and the mother at the .age of eighty-thi'ee, and both are interred in the Lewis- tiiwn Cemeterj-. Their children all reside in Lew- istown — one, a single daughter, and the other is married to James H. Randall, the father of Dr. R. A. and Philip Randall, who are engaged in the drug business in Lewistown, the former being a finely educated phj-sician and a graduate of Rush ]\Iedical College. Capt. W. W. Hull, the only brother of our sub- ject, made an overland trip to California in the |)ioiieer days of that .Slate, and remained there for .•■everal 3'ears. Returning home a short time before the Civil War he entered upon a mercantile busi- ness in Lewistown, but upon the Ineaking out of the conflict he enlisted in Company H.. Seventeenth Regiment. Illinois Infantry, and was chosen Cap- ' Uiin of his company, continuing as such until the close of the war. He merited the praise and high esteem in which he was held, as a true patriot and brave soldier. .Since the war he has been regarded as one of the leaders of the Republican party, and has filled nunirrous offices of trust and responsi- bihty. In 1866 he was a candidate for Sheriff of Fulton County ou the Republican ticket and although his party was largelj- in the minority he was beaten only two votes by the Democratic can- didate, David J. Waggoner. The Captain was ap- poinleil Postmaster at Lewistown. serving in this as in other positions, with credit to himself, and it niaj- be said of him that he was the only Republi- can Postmaster in Fulton County who held over and retained his ]iosition through the entire Cleve- land administration. The Captain has one child, a son — Edgar — who is in the revenue department, at Peoria. Dr. Hull was but a mere boy when he came with his ])arents from Ohio to this count}- in 1838. Be- ing anxious to obtain an education, and the oppor- tunities and means being limited, for only occa- sionall}' would a common or district school be taught and then only for three months in the year, he la- bored on his father's farm in the da3-time and studied at night. By dint of hard labor and close applica- tion to his studies, he fitted himself for teaching, and at the age of seventeen years taught his first school in his father's neighborhood with credit to himself and to the satisfaction of his patrons. Thus he continued working, teaching and studying until he acquired a good and liberal education, including to some extent, the languages. His attention was quite early directed to the study of medicine, and as soon as he had earned and laid up a few hundred dollars he commenced the study with his cousin. Dr. Abram Hull, then of this county. After complet- ing the ofHee readings he attended a course of lec- tures at St. Louis, and the following year entered Rush Medical College, Chicago, from which insti- tution he was graduated with honor in 1850, and in May, thereafter, he located in Cuba, this count}*, virtually commencing his practice where he was reared, and in a vev3' short time his practice was large, lucrative and quite extended. He has per- formed numerous and diflicult surgical operations; in fact there is scarcely an operation in the whole list but what he has jterformed, and with nniform success. In the practice of medicine he has always been successful, and always had a large business. For three years prior and up to the time he re- nioveeing from Falmouth to Washington — a distance of one hundred miles — which they covered in less tiian three days' time. Immediatel}' after his dis- charge Mr. Johnson came West, and in February following his arrival in this State enlisted in Com- pany I, Fifty-first Illinois Infantry , and upon the organization of the company was elected Orderlj^ Sergeant. The troops were first sent to Texas and stationed in Port Lavaca on Matagorda BaN", and later were at Nashville and New Orleans, doing [)ust and camp duty until discharged in September, 1865. In Boston, in 1869. Mr. Johnson was married to Miss Mary Colville, a native of Canada who, after ten j-ears of happy wedded life dieil in LaGrange, Ga., where she had gone for her health. She left two children — Stella and Maggie — both of whom live in Canton. Mr. Johnson was again mairied in 1881, the lady of his choice being Miss Belle Com- stoek, a native of Woonsocket, Conn., and the ceremony being solemnized at Detroit. This lady breathed lier last in 1884, and our subject was once more united iu matrimony, this time at Canton. 111., in September, 1889. with Miss Kittie Flory, of Clear Springs. Md. Mrs. Johnson is a faithful member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and both she and her husband have numbers of warm personal friends, both in Canton and throughout the countj'. At the beginning of his business career in this Slate ilr. Johnson worked for Mr. Parlin in the capacity of a common hand, but in three years' time was promoted to his present position — that of foreman of the painting dei)artment. He li.is had a share in the municipal offices, having been City Clerk in 1880, and in 1890 he received the ap- pointment of Census Enumerator for this place. He is interested in the social orders, being a charter member of the Masonic Lodge in Canton, a Knight of Pythias and a United >A'orkman. He has been an active political worker, and was for many j-ears manager of the Canton Opera House. 1 F. KOBBINS, manufacturer of and dealer in marble and granite, both imported and domestic, is one of the most reliable busi- ness men of Canton. He carries a large line of goods, varying from the common grades to that which is fit for the sculpter's chisel, and is there- fore able to supply the needs of various classes, from those in humble financial circumstances _to the capitalist. He is deserving of the patronage of the jieople and secures a large proportion of the trade in his line of business. He comes of English ancestry and his kinsmen in both maternal and p.aternal lines have for several generations held im- portant social and commercial positions in the United States. Our subject is a son of John and Edee S. (Cum mings) Robbins, natives of New Hampshire and- Maine respectively. They removed with their fam- ily to St. Clair. Mich., in 18.52, and there for two years the father carried on a farming and milling PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 195 business. At the expiration of lliat time he ro- moverl to Quincj-, Kj'., at wiiicli iioiiil he was en- Sageil in the himber business. lUil after a few years he quitted tlie Blue Grass State and journe}'- ing northwest located in Canton in the year 1856. lie purchased a good farm in Buckheart Township, but retired from agricultural life some years since. The mother passed away to her final resting' place, May 18, 1880, and the father died in September. 1890. The latter iiad re.iclied an advanced age, his natal day having been June 26, 1801. The paren- tal family included .1. J., born March 23, 1837; Edee Klizabcth. born September 9, 1838, and now deceased and J. F.. of whom we write. The subject of tliis biographical sketch was born in Newport, Me., August 22, 1843, and remained at home until he haarch- ing to Cleveland, Tenn., and back to Scottsboro. May 1, 1864, it joined Sherman's forces, accom- panied him on the Atlanta campaign. dt)ing noble service in the principal battles on that long and ever memorable march. Capt. Boyd and the sol- diers under him aided in the siege and capture of Atlanta, fought in the battle of Atlanta Pass, and after that went witii the army to the Chattahoocliie River. Our subject received an injur}- that re- sulted in the loss of one eye, and he was obliged to resign his commission and give up military life for which he vvas so eminently litled. His course througliout his service had marked him as a soldier who was prompt in obeying orders, was cool and courageous in any emergency, and as an officer in- spired his men to brave deeds. His superiors, ap- preciating these fine qualities, had promoted him to the rank of captain before his retirement. After he left the army, Capt. Boyd returned to Lewistown, and in 1865 established hinjself in the hardware business, and continued it until 1873, when he was appointed to his present position as Deputy County Clerk, and he then sold out his business interests. As before mentioned, he is As- sistant Treasurer, and has made a good record in both offices. His political aililiations are with the Republicans. Religiously, he is a sound Presby- terian, and both he and Mrs. Boyd are church mem- bers. He is identified with the Independent Order of Mutual Aid. Our subject has been twice married. In 1852 Sarah S. Miner became his wife. She was a native of Gratiot, Licking County, Ohio, and a daughter of Francis and Myra (.Jordan) Miner. Her death occurretl in 1860. Of the three children born of her wedded life, tivo are now living: Carrie mar- ried Alexander Wetherell, and lives near Lima, Ohio; Ida married Dr. II. P. Stipp, of Sonora. Cal. The Captain's second marriage, which was solemn- ized in 1861, was with Miss Lucy J. Foote. a na- tive of Iowa. There are two children living of the second marriage: Mrs. Grace Lillie, of Lewistown; and Wilhird. Nt„4\ A.RTIN M. WAUGHTEL. Among the young farmers of this county are many li" who are pursuing their course in life with great energy and much skill, and thereliy attaining satisfactory results. One of this num- ber is the gentlem;ui above named, who is located on section 26, Cass Township, occupying the farm on which his birth took place August 23, 18,i9. His est.ate consists of one hundred acres, nearly all of wliicli is improved, and he carries on general agri- cultural work, raising both grain an A. Black, and resides in Omaha, Ncib. ; Josie K., wife of Will- iam Babcock, Jr.. of Canton, and Agnes M., who became the wife of Charles Levings, of Chicago. Mr. McCall cast his first vote for Andrew Jackson, and was during his entire life a stanch Democrat. He was always an active politician, and as such was influential in the councils of his party. During the fall of 1872 Mr. McCall went to Cali- fornia on business, and on his way back home met men whose acquaintance gave him the desire to in- vestigate part of the mining interests of the Western country, and on June 16, 1873. he started to do so. From that time he was among the mountains, and alll'.ougli it was a disagreeable task to him. he w'rote more often than usual to his .family, always sayinn; he was enjoying good health and spirits, and the day before he was taken sick, wrote home the same good news, w'liich letter was not received un- til the day after tin; telegram announcing his death. The following extracts from the different p;ipers will partially show the high regard in which he w.as held in the community, anil also give many items of interest, for tritles assume an importance not their own when ct)nneeted with those who have been loved and lost: From the Canton Jiegistcr, September 5, 1873: S.vi) Ai'i'LiCTiON — Sudden Dkatii of J. II. McCm.i.. On Tuesday last the citizens of Canton were startled and pained by a report tluit Mr. .lames H. McCall was dead. An inquiry developed the fact that tlie rejiort was in all probability^ true, although the dispatch announcing the fact was very unsatis- factorj', not to say mysterious. It w.as as follows: Elko, Nevada, September 1st, 1873. Geokok a. Br-ACK Canton, III.: I leave here on the 5 v. ji. train with the remains of J. H. McCall. Meet me at Bureau Junction. [.Signed] A. B. Ciiai'.man, Nothing more vvas learned by, or known to the family concerning the matter. A letter was re- ceived from Mr. McCall on Tuesday evening, dated August 27. in which he writes concerning some business, and this letter was written by Mr. McCall 268 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. in llie clear and concise manner peculiar to him in business matters. Mr. Chapman, who sends the dispatch, formerly lived in Joliot. 111., and Mr. MuCall became ac- quainted with hira when in the \Vest a year ago. Tlie family knew nothing of him. only that lie is engaged in business at Mountain City, near Elko, Nev. Mr.. George A. Black, a son-in-law of Mr. Mc- Call, started for Omaha, Tuesday, to meet tlie re- mains, and bring them home; and Col. A. C. Bab- cock. Mr. McCall's partner, will also meet them tiiere. They are expected to arrive in the city to- day, Friday. Up to noon of Thur.sday, tliere liad been nothing further in relation to Jlr. McCall's death received, and there is a hope yet indulged that there may be a mistake. Mr. McCail has been one of tlie most enterpris- ing and public-spirited citizens of Canton, and all have felt that not his family alone, but the whole community have sustained an irreiiarable loss. His remains will be interred in the Canton cemelerj'. From the Canton Register, September 12, 1873: De.\th of J. H. McCall. HIS FUNERAL. Tiie reported death of Mr. J. H. McCall. men- tioned by us last week, proved to be onl\- too true, dispatches from G. A. Black confiiniing the sad news being received on Thursday evening, just after our paper was primed. A. B. Chapman, Esq., a merchant of .Mountain City. Nev.. who was with Mr. McCall, the greater portion of the time since tlie latter has been in the West, has furnished us the following particulars: Jlr. MoCall had been in liis usual good health up to the morninir of the 29th ult.. when he was taken at Mountain City with what appeared to be a con- gestive chill, from the effects of which he was un- conscious for sonie time. After coming out of the chill, consciousness returned, and he at once announced to Mr. Chapman and his attendants that lie would not recover, and that it would be uselesiS to send for a pliysician. A team and driver had been procured by Mr. Chapman, and was just read^- to start, when Mr. McCall told lliem to stop, as he would not live long enough for a physician to reach him. Jlountain City is only a mining town, and to obtain a physician it was necessary to send to Elko, ou the Union Pacific Railro.ad, distant eighty-six miles from Mountain City. The stage time between the two points is two days. After giving directions to Mr. Cliapmau concern- ing some business matters, sending messages to loved ones at home, and requesting that Mr. Chap- man accompany his remains to Canton, at 3:.S0 p. M., on the 30th, he died. It was impossible to get a coffin, or even himlier to make one, at Mountain City, and j\lr. Chapman was compelled to put the body in a rough box, packed in ice, and haul it over a rough mountain road in an oi>en wagon to Elko. He started at 1 1 o'clock p. M.. on the 30lh. arriving at Elko at 1 p. M., on the first of .September. Xot being able to obtain a casket there, a cofBn was procured, sealed in zinc, and then enclosed in a box, and at 5 p. m.. on the 1st inst., he started for Omaha. At Omaha he was met by Mr. and Mrs. G. A. Black, and Col. A. C. Babcock, who accompanied the remains home, arriving here at 10:45 a. m , Friday, the 5th. The remains were met at the depot, and taken in charge by a committee, consisting of Mes^rs. William Babcock, J. W. Ingersoll, C. T. Heald, A. B. Hulil, and H. L. Wright, on the part of the citi- zens, and W. B. Gleason, .S. Y. Thornton, J. H. Stipp, W. H. Craig and .1. C. Brinkerlioff. on the part of the Masonic fraternity. The remains were taken into the depot building, the colHii opened, and the bod\' identified. An examiualion was also made, at the request of friends, by Drs. .Swisher and Wright, to ascertain if death had ensued from natural causes. The remains were then conveyed to his late resi- dence where they were cared for until Saturday, at two o'clock, when the funeral took place. The Masonic fraternity met at their hall at half- past one o'clock, and formed in procession under direction of W. B. Gleason. as Marshal, with C. N. llenkle and \V. H. Craig as assistants. Preceded by the Cornet Band, they marched to the late resi- dence of the deceased, where the^' were met b}' the committee of citizens above mentioned. The re- mains were taken in charge, and conveyed to the Congregational Churcli. J. H. Stipp, J. jM. Fox. G. S. McConnell, S. P. Slocum, W. H. Smith, and J. R. McQuiad. acting as pall bearers. The funeral services at the church were con- ducted by the Rev. H. B. Smith, of Peoria, who delivered an impressive and feeling address, basing his remarks on the second and third verses of the seventh chapter of EcclesLastes: "It is better to go to the house of mourninfc, than to go to the house of feasting: for that is the end of all men; ami the living will lay it to his heart." "Sorrow is better than laughter, for by the s.ad- ness of the countenance the heart is made better." At the close of the services the h} mn "Scotland," a favorite tune of Mr. McCall's was sung by the choir, and a procession was again formed, the band and Miisonic fraternity- in the front, followed h^- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 209 the hearse and family then a long line of citizens on foot and upwards of fifty vehicles in the rear. The procession proceeded to the cemetery, where the lemains were interred with the beautiful funeral service of tlie Masonic fraternitv, conducted by Dr. Sylvester Stevens, of Knoxville, an old and es- teemed friend of Mr. McCail's. During the funeral services the banks were closed, and business to a great extent suspended. A num- ber of the Masonic fraternity from Lewistown Fairview, and other places, besides many others, came to pay the last tribute of respect to their de- parted friend. And thus was laid to re«t one of nature's noble- men. It is but seldom that one is called upon to record tlie decease of a man who will be as greatly missed, in all the walks of life, as James II. McCall. Althougli a resident of Canton only some ten or twelve years, lie had so identified himself with all the best interests and material advancement of tiiecity and of the county, that he was perhai)s more widely known than many of our older citizens; and where known, his name was synonymous with integrity, justice, honor, and business cai)acity. I'o.ssessed of ample means, he was ever ready to use them in public enterptises, and for general good. In his private life he was known far and wide for his genero.us, unostentatious hospitality, his ex- tensive cliarities, and benevolent nature. In his domestic life he was noted for the almost idolatrous love for his family. Of a happy and joyous na- ture himself, he impressed himself so upon all who came in contact with him in the family circle, and never was too much occupied, or ever loo much troubled in spirit to endeavor to make all about him happy. And never did he appear more lov- able than in his last days at home, when sur- rounded by the young friends of his affection.ate children, he showed that his heart was as young as any there, and that he could and did enjoy the sports and esteem the friendship of the youngest present. Ilis was a heart that never would grow old, and a warm loving nature that nothing could over chill so long as the life current coursed through his veins, lie was a good man. Peace to his ashes. From the Fulton County Ledger, September 12, 1873: FCIITHEU PaKTICULAKS of TlIK DkATH op James H. McCall. We last week informed our readers of the death of James H. McCall. Esq. of this city, but could give none of the particulars, as nothing w.as known ex- cept the dispatch from Mr. A. B. Chapman, of Mountain City, Nev., one of the men interested with him ill mining operations in that vicinity. The body of Mr. McCall arrived here on Friday morning, accompanied through by Mr. Chapman, and met at Omaha by his son-in-law, Mr. George A. Black, and Col. A. C. Babcock. A committee from the Masonic Loilge, and also of citizens, and a large number of our people, were at tlie depot when the train arrived. The remains were taken to tlie house, where they remained until Saturday afternoon, when they were interred in the Canton cemetery. At one o'clock v. m., on Saturday, Morning Star Lodge A. F. & A. M. met in their rooms and formed in procession and marched to the Imuse, preceded by the Canton band, which had volun- teered for the occasion, and escorted the remains to the Congregational Church, where services were held, the Rev. Mr. Smith of the rniversalist Church, Peoria, preaching the sermon. The church w.as crowded. The attendance at the cemetery was the largest wo have ever seen at a funeral in this city. The en- tire city seemed to turn out to pa>- this last tribute to him who was one of our best, most liberal and enterprising citizens. A number tif M.asons >Tere here from Lewistown and Fairview Lodge. James H. JlcCall was sixty-four years of age in June last. lie was born in Baltimore, Md.; came West in 1835, soon after settling in Peoria. In 1845 he married Jliss L. Raymond, of Peoria, who with their four children, daughters, survive him. In the fall of 18C2 he removed his family to Can- ton, and has since resided here. He has been one of our most active business men, and by economy, industry and uprightness had amassed a large amount of pro|)erty. At the time of his death lie was President of the First National Bank of this cilv'. and the owner of a large amount of stock. Early last sp'-ing Mr. McCall iiad a severe attack of congestion of the liver, and his attending phy- sician. Dr. Fleming, then informed him that if he should ever have another attack of the disease, it w^ould cause his death. About the last of iMay or the first of June, he went West to prospect as to the value of certain silver mines, in which the Mr. Chapman mentioned above and others were inter- ested, and which were n presented to liira as very valuable hist fall, while he was returning from a trip to California, by some of the parties, whom he met on the cars, and who were anxious to get some parties with capital to take an interest in them. He liad assured himself that there was a fortune in the enterprise. He had himself selected specimens of an average yield of quartz, and had them assayed, and they produced ^449.32 to the ton, which was considered veiy rich; and having satisfied himself of the value of the mines, he had made arrange- ments to invest in the enterprise. 210 PORTRAIT A>'D BlUURAPlllCAL ALBUM. On Friday morning, 29lh ult., lie was taiven sicic wilh congestion of the liver, and fell llial liis time was sliorl in tliis world, lie sent for Mr. Cliap- nian, told Inni about liis affairs and what disposi- tion was to be made of what he had witli him. That a day or two before he had refeived a draft for §1,000, and of this he wanted S600 used to pay some bills he had contractt-d, and the remainder to be used in takino; his body home to Canton. There j was no physician nearer tlian Elko, in Kevada, a town eiiihty-six miles north of Mountain City, and about six lumdred miles by rail from San Francisco. Mr. Chapman proposeil to send for a physician, but Mr. McCall said it w.as no use — a physician couhi do him no good if there, and he would be dead be- fore one could reach him. And in a little more than twenty-four hours from the lime he was taken, he was a corpse. His remains were taken to Elko, where they were placed in a zinc case, soldered tight, and thus brought home. His death will be a great loss, not only to his family ami friends, but to our little city also. As we said last week, he was ever ready to lend a help- ing hand to the needy, and was one of the foremost in anything which pertained to the growth and in- terest of our little city. But death is no respecter of persons. The rich and the poor, the high" and the low, must all bow before him, and in a day and an hour that we know not of, are we called upon to yield to bis cold embrace. We learn from the Peoria Democrat that ^Ir. Mc- Call served for several j-ears .as a member of the City Council of Peoria, commencing in 18.5.5. The Democrat very truthfully says: "As a man, .as a neighbor, and as a citizen, we can only speak of Mr. McCall in terms of commen- dation; sociable, cheerful, amiable, and generous, his society was sough i, by all classes, and by the young and the old. Those who have i)artaken of "his hos()itality in the years that are gone, will not soon forget the pleasant family circle of which he was the head. It is within the bounds of truth to say that few men were more greatly blessed in the home which their own exclions have endowed, than James H. McCall. A spirit of affectioli and Irusl prevailed the whole circle, and those who en- tered it were compelled to drink of its influence." From the Peoria National Democrat, September 6, 1873: Anothek oi' TiiK Old Men Gone. The friends of .Tames II. McCall, formerly a resi- dent of this city, but latterly a resident of Canton, in Fulton County, were sadly surprised on Thnrs- d:i\' last, bv a telegram published in the Democrat of that day, of the death of that gentleman in Ne- vada, the previous d.ay. The ))ainfulness of the circumstances was intensified by the vagueness of the report. None of the attending fads were given, onl\' the bare mention that he was dead, leaving the imagination to supply the cause and incidents of de.itli, and these, as the deceased was known to have in his possession a considerable amount of money, naturally led to the conclusion that violence had been used, and that murder had been commit- ted. Later dispatches, however, relieved the minds of the friends of that mistake, and state that he died of congestive chills. His death was sudden and un- ex|)ected. On the 27th ult. he wrote to his family a letter which they received on the day of his ileath. and gave directions relative to some business mat- ters, and in it there is no indication of ill-health. He was taken sick on the morning of the 29th, and died the afternoon of the following day. We have no information at hand relative to the nativity or age of the deceased. He first became known to the writer of this sketch while in the City Council of Peoria, where he served some four or five years, commencing in 1855. He was then engaged in business with Capt. W. .S. Moss, now of California, and was considered one of our best and most respected business men. Soon after that time he removed to Canton, where he has since re- sided, and there, as here, his interest in business affairs was reached. Several months ago his atten- tion was called to a mining operation in the new State of Nevada, and after due consideration, he concluded to embark in it. and it was while carry- ing out that determination that he met his death. As soon as the f.act of his death was announced, his son-in-law, Mr. George A. Black, started to meet the train on which the body was to be brought, and it was expected that the sad cortege would arrive in Canton yesterday, and that there the obsequies would be celebrated. We may receive intelligence from that place before this number of our pajier goes to press. Few men have exhibited a greater show of pub- lic spirit than the deceased. He was always ready to assist, wilh his purse and his hands as well as his advice, anv feasilde project for public improve- ments, the friend of education, and a leader in many benevolent an;.s the belief that it was one of tlie licst means yet devised to awaken the hearts of nuMi lo the too often neglected virtues of benevolence luxl charilj-. The society of which he wns a menilier ver}' properly take charge of the remains, follow tliem in their last journey, and deposit them in the place appointed for all living. The t)low is a severe one upon Ihe family so sud- denly bereaved, but they have the infinite cimsola tion that the deceased neglected no duty, shirked : no responsii)ility. nor wronged any iixlividnal; that j he goes home with a clear record and the prayers of the needy as his demit from the earthly lodge. .Seldom are we called upon to chronicle the death j of a man in all respects so commendable as .lames H. McCall. MASONIC NOTICE. Members of Peoria Lodge No. 15, are requested to meet at the Toledo. Peoria & Western depot, at 11:30 A. M., this (Saturday) morning, for the pur- jiose of attending the funeral of onr late brother, J. 11. McCall, of Canton. ,1. F. Hazzaku, W. M. From the Peoria Daily Transcript, September 8, KS7:5: FuNiiUAL OF James H. McCaij.. The funeral of James IL McCall which took place in Canton on Saturday, was the largest ever held in that city. The Masonic fraternity, of which the deceased was an honored member, did all iu their power to add by their rites lo the solemnity of the occasion. Rev. II. B. Smith, pastor of the I'niver- Sftlist Churcli in this city, olliciated as clergyman. The cemetery was crowded with those anxious to do honor lo the memory of a man well known and respected in the country at lartre. and revered and loved in his own more immediate circle of friends and relatives. From the Klko, (Nev.) Independent, September 13. i)ii;i> In Mountain City, Nev., August ;30, 1S7M. J. II. McCall, a native of Canton, 1!!,, aged sixty-two years. Deceased was President of the Peoria Nevada Smelling and Relining Company, operaling in Bruno, and was temporarily sojourning in XorLli- ern Nevada attending to the interests of the com- pany. As it wiU be at least some satisfaction to his bereaved family and his numerous friends to know that in his last moments nothing was left un- done to alleviate his suffciings. wc will rncnlion that Messrs. Chapman, Fisk and llazeltinc, and iMes- dames Fisk and Walsh, and others did all in their power to smooth his pathway '-to tliat undircovered country from whose bourne no travrler returns,'' Being loth to leave him in the land of tlie stranger, far from family anaseil the (Jrand Master of the uiriverse, in the dispensation of His providence, to remove from this world to the (irand Lodge above, and to rest from his labors here, our worthy anil esteemed brother-, .lames II. McCall: Resolred, That in the death of br-other McCall, the fraternity has lost a farthfirl member; the com- munity au enterprising and upright crtizen; the wife a devoted husband, and the children an affec- tionate parent. Resolved. That while we jjlace a record of our brother's decease among the archives of this lodge and huinbly bow to the will of our divine Master, we woirld express our deep regret that we have been called upon to mourn the loss of onr deceased bi-other, cut down in the nselulrress of his life. Resolved. That we deeply symi)alhize with the f.amily of our late brother in their sudden bereave- ment! an ac- complished by assiduous application and unremit- ting toil. A most conscientious man, whatever he undertakes is done llioroughly. In one respect he differs from tlic majority of the human race, in that age mellows and softens his nature, instead of the reverse, as is often the case. With every onward movement made in the science to which he has de- yoted his life, he is familiar, and time lias served only to enlarge his vic«"s and broaden his ideas. In Rockingham County, \'a.. Dr. Clinew.as born December 20, 18-20, to Joseph and Isabella (Pence) ('line, botli of whom were natives of the Old Do- minion. The father was of German, and the mother of Scotch-Irish descent. They were marrie ~~ acres, situated in Fairview Township. His entire time and attention is devoted to farming and stock-raising; he breeds thoroughbred Short- horn cattle and .Shropshire sheep, and has a herd of thoroughbreds and fort}' graded Siiort horns. He is justl}' proud of his fine horses, and has met with success in this line also. Both in business and so- cial circles he is extensively known, and though not a member of any church is active in advancing the inte:ests of all religious matters. He is Chair- man of the Executive committee of the Methodist Cemetery Association, known as the Foster Ceme- ter}'. Socially, Mr, Smith is a jjrominent member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, having attained the highest degree in that order. He is a member of Patriarchs Militant, and represented Fairview Lodge, No. 120, at the State Grand Lodge of Springfield and Cairo, and also visited the Sover- eign Grand Lodge at Columbus, Ohio, in 1889. He first belonged to Morning Star Lodge, No. "20, I. O. O. F., at Piaeerville, Cal. His interest in his lodge h.is been at all times great and he is well and favorably kno«n to fraternity circles. He belongs to tlie Fulton Encampment. No. .il, at Farmington, and the Canton Oriental of the Patriarchs Militant, No. 33. With the pioneer historj- of Fulton County the father of our subject was very closely identified. He was born in Madison County, Ohio, his family having emigrated there from Virginia. He bore the name of Jonathan Smith, and the date of liis birth was September 11, 1808. He was united in marriage in the Buckeye State with Ann Foster, who was also born there, and they came to Illinois in 1837, buying two eighty-acre tracts of land at the Government land sales in ( jiiiney. Tlie father had visited this county in 1833, and was favoralily impressed with the outlook here. Two years later he came and raised a crop, and in 1837 located on section 35, where he lived until called home. The father became the owner of five hundred and forty acres in Fairview Township and four hundred and eight}' acres in Iowa. He began life without means, having been left an orphan at the early age of ten years. So well did he succeed in his efforts that, as stateil above, before his death he became the owner of one thousand and twenty acres of land in Illinois and Iowa. When quite young he was compelled to hire out, receiving for his services from ^7 to ><10 per month, and thus was his beginning matle. He died February 25, 1886, after attaining to the age of seventy -seven years, fi\ e months and fourteen days. The mother's death occurred Feliruary 17, 1888. at the age of seventy-one years, five months and eighteen days. To Jonnthan and Ann (Foster) Smith were born nine children, as follows: Sarah Jane, Foster G,, Mary E., Ellen A., .lohn H., America A., Alice M., Martha F. aiul one who died in iiifancy unnamed. Sarah is the wife of A. J. McCombs, and lives in PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 219 Fail-view Township; Mary E. is the wife of .John Bi-oiulCiolil, a fiuit "jrower of California; Ellen A. married Di'. S. B. Beer, of Fnirview ; Julm II. mar- ried Mary A. Wyckoff, and is a farnuT in Marsiiall County, Iowa; America .\. is the wife of W. T. (icii- tle. a farmer of Fairvit'w Township; Alice M. autl Martha V. are living' witli tlieir brother on the old homestead. He of whom we write was born April 21. 1.S40. on the Smith liomestead. and passed his life in the usual manner of fanners' lads in frontier countries. AVhen he had reacheil maturity lie made an extended trip to California, in 18G1, and engaged in the lumber business and niiniuL; operations. He passed nine years there, and finally reluctantly returned East and has since engaged as a farmer and stock- raiser. He is highly esteemed in this communit}' as a man of probity and honor, and his life of in- dustry and enterprise has brought him success from a financial point ofview and a high position in the county which is his native liome. ylLLlAM PARLl^'. There is probably no resident of this county whose work is so widely known as that of the gentleman above named, who is the pioneer nianufsicturer of the noted Canton Clipper Plow. Since the day when he landed in this place, then a small village, he has instituted and carried to successful operation a mammoth business enterprise, has materially- as- sisted in the ujibuilding of the flourishing city, and won for liimself a comfortable fortune. These results have left him the same unostentatious and kindly man he was before Fortune had smiled upon him. To the men employed in the establish- ment lie is a sympathizing friend, possessing their confidence in a rcmarkal>le degree. He is the old- est continuous plow manufacturer in the entire Northwest. Mr. Parliii was born in Acton. Mass., Januai-3' 21, 1817, being the fouith of five children born to Wainer and Lydia (Davis) Parlin. His parents were natives of the same count\- as himself and the fathers of each were Revolutionary soldiers. A cousin of (jrandfatlier Davis, one Capt. Davis, was the first officer killed at Concord. The Parlins are of English descent. Warner Parlin was a farmer by occu|)aUon and of considerable prominence in the vicinity of his home. He passed his days in tlie old Bay State, dying about the year 1838 in tlie sixty-seventh year of his age. His wife also breathed her last in her native State. Of their children he of wliom \vc write and an elder brother are all that survive. Our subject passed his boyhood on the farm, pursuing the advantages open to him in the com- mon schools. Having no taste for agriculture, he determined to learn the trade of a blacksmith aiul in his seventeenth year entered upon an a|)prentice- ship. By the time he became of age he had mastered all departments of the business and was ready to begin work as a journeyman. He traveled throughout his own Slate and tlien drifted west to St. Louis, Mo., stopping for a lime and working at his trade. After settling his bills he started North on a steamboat, arriving at Copperas Creek Land- ing on the Illinois River on llie Eourth of .Tul^', 1840. After paying his passage his finances were reduced to twenty-five cents which he expended in reaching Canton. He little dreamed of what awaited him in the village that he entered with a kit con- sisting of three hammers tied up in a leathern apron. Mr. Parlin at once applied for work and was em- ployed by R. C. Cultoii. His first work was done on Monday morning, July 6. Mr. F'.mry went to the shop to get a froe made for splitting lath to plaster on, wishing it to be about half the size of a cooper's froe. Mr. Culton had a job on hand and as Mr. Emr3' was in a luirr}-, asked his new journey- man if he could make the utensil. Tlie prompt reiily was, •• I will try, sir." Selecting a suitable piece of iron and getting his fire in shape he drew and turned the e^e, with the next heat shaped the froe nearly half way. and with the third finished it. Mr. Eniry, who was himself a blacksmith, always declareil that it was the quickest and most mechani- cal piece of work he had ever seen done. He then and tliere predicted a successful future for the young stranger. Tlie iiiipleiiienl then made by 220 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. onr subject was presented to him by a son of its original owner on July 4, 1890, wlien friends galliererl to celebrate tlie fiftieth aiiiuvcrsar3' of iiis arrival in Canton. After workino for Mr. Culton a year, young Parlin was taken into partnership by him. the connection continuing two years and being then dissolved by mutual consent. Mr. Parlin then started in business on his own account, his first shop being a very cheap one, scarcely more than a shed, but under its humble roof he laid the founda- tion of the preseDt]magnificent Canton Plow Works. At first he devoted himself to general blacksmith- ing during the summer and to making a few plows in the winter, hammering the moldboard l)y hand out of wrought iron. He also made other tools needed by the farmers, proving himself quite a benefactor to the community in those earl}' da3-s. As his business increased he built a brick shop which is still standing and in use as a part of his present works. In 1873 the large three-story brick building, 2G0x300 feet in dimensions, was erected, furnished with an engine of 125-horse power and various kinds of machinery adapted for the busi- ness. The establishment at present furnishes employ- ment for three hundred and twenty-five to three hundred and fifty men. The Canton Clipper Plow has been sold in every part of the civilized world and has been ship|)ed in quite a number to the British possessions, also to Mexico and South Amer- ica. Although this implement is the most noted of the manufacUires of tlie company-, their cultiva- tors and harrows also bear a good reputation. Five traveling salesmen are kept on the road obtaining orders. In 1853 Mr. Parlin took W. J. Orendoiff in as a partner and in 1867 the firm was merged into an incorporated company under the State laws. Upon tlie reorganization William Parlin became President, W. J. Orendorff Vice President and Treasurer, and W. H. Parlin Secretary. At the home of the bride in Orion Township January 7, 1845. Mr. Parlin was united in marriage with Miss Caroline Orendortl. daughter of John Orendorff, Esq., wlio came to this county in 1825, from Sduih Carolina. She is a sister of W. J. Orendorff of the P16w Company. During the many j'ears in which she has been the honored companion of our subject she has been worthily carrying out her obligations as a wife and mother and fulfilling the duties she owes to society. She and her husband have had four children, two sons and two daughters. Artemus F., the first-born, has been removed from them by death. The only son now living is the Secretary and Manager of the compan}'. Clara E., the third child, is j'et with her parents; Alice C, is the wife of Charles E. Ingersoll, a dealer in lumber in Canton. Mr. Parlin has filled several offices of trust, hav- ing been Supervisor of Canton Township, a mem- ber of the City Council one term, and of the School Board for a much more extended period. In politics he is a stanch Republican. He is proud of the fact that his first Presidential vote was cast for the Whig candidate, William Henry Harrison, and that he has lived to see a grandson of that official filling the same exalted station. He is a member of Morning Star Lodge, Xo. 734, A. F. & A. M., and was President of thel]\Lasonic Mutual Benefit Society for twelve years. His attractive residence with its beautiful grounds is pointed out to every visitor of the city "as the home of]a man whom all delight to honor, joining in the wish ex- pressed on the anniversarv of his advent intoQthe count}' — that man}' more may[|be allotted]^him be- fore his life's work is complete. t ILLIAM T. GENTLE. There is not a %r\//i' more successful resident of Fairviow \^^ Township than is the subject of our sketch who is widely known as the successful owner of fine Shropshire sheep. His estate is peculiarly well adapted to stock-raising, and he has been in that business during the years intervening between boyiiood and the present date. At this writing he has on hand about three hundred thoroughbreds and high grades. He received his start from George Allen, of AUerton. 111. Mr. Gentle was born in Hamilton County, Ohio, about four miles from Cincinnati. His jiarents came to this State in 1855. settling in Farmington PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 221 Township. Tin' father died in 1S79. at the age of fifty-five; the mother is still living and makes her home with our sulijeet, being now sixty-three years of age. To Iheiii were born four i-liihlren, viz: William T.; .John W .. who resides in Iowa, mar- rieresented in another part of this Alium. Her birth occurred in Fairview Township where the most of her birlli was passed. She attended school at Yates City. Of their union have been born three children, viz: Lacie O., Min- nie A. and Matlie F. Misses Lacie and Minnie A. are students at the State Normal at Bloomington, thus fitting themselves to enjoy the wealth and comforts of their beaulifvd home in the highest possible manner, and to add sunsliine to an already happy home. The subject of this sketch is the owner of t)ne hundred and luiiety acres of valuabh; land on sec- tion 26. He is a member of the Independent Or- der Odd of Fellows lodge at Fairview and has been through the chairs in same, and is also a member of the Modern \A'oodmen lodge. Mrs. (ientle and her two eldest daughters are members of the l-)augliters of Rebecca lodge in Fairview Town- ship, and Mrs. Oentle is holding tlie Noble Grand Chair for the secoml term. Both our subject and his wife are members of the Providence Chapel, Methodist Episcopal Church, and the former is Trustee. The entire family are active workers for the Sunday-school and other worthy causes that benefit anil adxtince the interests of hiimanity. He believes in protection to Americar, industries. Mr. (Jentle has h.ad possession of his] present farm for three years and it is one of the finest in the;sur- rounding country. His fame and |)opularity have extended much beyond the limits of the township and his genial, cordial manners^have gainedOhim the friendship of all wlio'have beenfassocialed with him either in commercial or social circles. ||RENUS T. SCl'DDER. There is in the de- ll velopment of every successful life a lesson to tL ever3- one; for if a man is industriously ambi- tious and honorable in his ambition, he will un- doubtedly rise to a position of i)romiiu'nce. whether having the |)restige of family and wealth, or the obscurity of poverty. We are led to these reflec- tions in reviewing the life of Mr. .Scudder, who is a dealer in drugs and toilet articles in Farmington. He has attained his present enviable position as a competent and popular druggist b)- indomitable energy and a laudable desire to reach the top round of the ladder of fortune. At present Mr. Scud time he was a prominent member of the Grange when that t)rder was Bour- isliing. ^ AMKS K. WELCH, iM. IJ., is one of the most eminent physicians practicing his i)rofession within the limits of this count}', and he is ((®l/ also closely connected with its business in- terests as a druggist in Cuba, his place of residence, and with its public life as Chairman of the County Ik)ard of Su[)ervisors. The Doctor is a native of Nelson County, K\'., born September 4, 184.5. His father, .lames W., was also a native of Kentucky .as was his mother, whose maiden name was Mary Swaze)'. They married and lived in that State until 1818, and then touk up their residence among the pioneers of McDouough Ciiunty, this Slate, where they remained until their death; the mother dieil in 185() and the father in 187S. At one lime he w.as engaged in business at Blandiusville. Our sutjject was one of eighteen children of whom eight are now living. When four years old lie ac- comi)anied his parents to Illinois and received his eleinenlary education in the district schools of McDouough County. During his >-outh he received a severe wound which prevented his entering the army when the Rebellion broke out. He had a de- cided talent for medicine, and entered upon his stuilies for that profession with enthusiasm, was graduated with honor from the Kei)kuk Mediial College in the class of '65 and is a line cxponenl <>( the Allopathic school of medicine. After leaving college. Dr. Welch established him- self as a physician in Cuba, and for twenty-four 3ears has been in active practice. He has a laii;e patronage that extends far beyond the limits of the village and township, having an experience of ivventy-live years in Ibis locality and being im- mensely popular with all cLasses. Seven j'ears ago he opened a drug store here on the northwest corner of the Square, a year and a half ago removed to the northeast corner where he is now located, his office being in the store. He is carrying on a fine busi- ness and has here a well-stocked, commodious store, replete with all the appointments of the best establishments in the county. The energy of our subject has by no me;ins been confined to the management of h;s practice and his drug business, but he has engaged in var- ifuis enterprises. In 1878 he opened a livery stable and for some time managed an extensive business. In 1868 he bought a farm of one hundred and twenty acres in Putman Township and carried it on by proxy for several years but he now rents both the livery barn and the farm. Dr. Welch and Miss iSIalinda Clayberg were mar- ried in 1808. Their wedded life was happy but was too soon brought to a close by the early death of Mrs. Welch in 1874. She left two children — Lucy B. and Maggie IM. — the latter of whom lives with her uncle Dr. P. C. Clayberg, now of St Louis. Our subject was married again in 1878 to Elizabeth E. Wilson, daughter of William H. and Margaret (Laswell) Wilson, who were among the oldest pio- neer families of this county. Iler mother died in 1884. Her father still survives at the age of sev- enty years. Mrs. Welch was born in this county in 18.i6 and received her education in the public schools. She is a fine woman in every respect, de- voted to the interests of her husband and children and knows well how to care for her household. The following four children have been born of this marriage, Roy, Mamie, James W., and F^thel Fay. Prominent- in the medical world and in the busi- ness circles of this part of Illinois, Dr. Welch is 230 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. also |ire-eniiiient in its public life, as a man of his progressive mind, executive and tiuancial ability is needed to aid in the guidance of civic affairs and he has held many offices of responsibility with dis- tinction. He has been a member of the Town Council and President of that honorable body for years. He is serving his sixth term as one of the County Board of Suitervisors, representing Puttnan Township, and is now acting for a second time as Chairman of the Board, he having served in that capacity in 1888. He has always been a Demo- crat and stands high in the councils of his party. In 1886 our subject was appointed United States Examiner of Pensions and still retains that posi- tion b}' request of the old soldiers of this county, although a Republican administration is at the head of national affairs. He is a member of the Ma- sonic Order at Cuba and has been Secretary of the same. He also belongs to the Indei)endent Order of Odd F"ellowsof Cuba, is identified with the An- cient Order of United Workmen and is JNIedical Examiner and a member of the Modern Woodmen and also of the Mutual Aid Suciety. He and his wife are among the leading members of the Chris- tian Church of wliich he has been a Trustee, and she has been acti kfely identified with the Sunday-school. •^fV '^K^ ^^^EORGE WASHINGTON SEATON. Even il (^— , a cursory view of the Inisiuess establish- '^J4^ ments of Canton will reveal the fact that the\' are in charge of men of tact, push and good judgment. In the goods upon their shelves, llie order which characterizes them, and the honor- able, courteous way in which patrons are treated, they vie with those of much larger cities. One of these flourishing establishments is the grocery store of our subject, who carries a large and well-select- ed stock, and occupies a favorable location on the east side of the square. The grandfather of our subject, John Seaton, was a native of Germany, whose home after emigra- tion was in Tennessee. There James Seaton, the father of our subject, was born and roared. He icnioved to Indiana about 1817, there marrying Winifred Roberts. This Uuly was a native of Ken- tucky, but in her girlhood had accompanied her father, Thomas Roberts, to the Iloosier Stale. James Seaton was engaged in tilling the soil, and made the Iloosier State his home during all of his later ye.irs. His widow died on the same place in 1882. full of jears and honors. She was the mother of four sons and two daughters, one son and one daughter being now deceased. The birth of our subject took i)lace in Crawford County, Ind., near Leavenwortii, May 9. 1833. Ilis carh' boyhood was spent in attendance at the common schools near his home, and he subsequently continued his studies in a private school in Ken- tucky, having relatives there with whom he could make his home. When about eighteen years old he began his mercantile experience as a clerk in the dry goods store of IT. F. . Gleason it Co., in the dry -goods l).usiness. He remained an attache of that firm until 1885 when he opened a grocery store on the south side of the square. January I, 1S90, he re- moved to his present site with increased facilities to accommodate his growing trade. Mr. Seaton was fortunate in his choice of a life comi*anion, winning Miss Louisa Culton, daughter of Robert Culton of this city. The marriage rites were celebrated at the home of the bride in 1858, and the congenial union has lieen blessed by the birth of six children. They are named respect- ively, William P.. Anna, Charles A., Kate, Fred- erick and George Washington. Anna is the wife of Fred Patec, of Peoria; Kate ma'-ried W. E. Gill, of Canton; the eldest son and Charles are traveling salesmen, and Frederick is clerk in a dry- PORTRAIT AND 1510GRAPMICAL ALBUM. 231 m goods store. Tlic joungest son is still altenrliiig school. Mrs. Sc.ilon ilicil Lii 1879, .nnil our suliji'ct was ngaiii married September 6, 1^91), to Miss .M. V. Downing, of Canton. Mr. Scatiin was liii' lirst cigar insi)('ctor of Can- ton, and acted in tliat capacity two years, lie has served as Ahh'rnian from the First Ward five terms, .and is still discharging the duties of that jjositinn, working faithfully to advance the inter- ests of his constituents and the cit>' at large. lie is a mcinher of Morning Star Lodge, No. 734, F. & A. M. He belongs to the Re|)ublican party, and is steadfast in the support of the princii)les in which he tinnly believes. Vf/ ACOB PERRY MAUS is one of the success- ful farmers in Liverpool Township, to whom fortune has been exceedingly generous in her gifts. He is a native-born citizen of Fulton County, Liverpool Township, the place of his birth and December 26, 1850, the date thereof. He is ,1 son of .lacob Mans, who was a well-known pioneer of this county and was prominent in its early development. The father of our subject was born in Carroll County, Md., Octoljcr 12. 1814. His father. who.«e name was the same as his ovvn. was a native of Adams County. Pa., and a son of George Mans, who was born in Holland an . ESSE W. STRONG is the editor and pro- prietor of the Canton liepublican, one of tljo numerous papers of this county which lays just claim to a liberal share of public pat- ronage and enjoys it. The sheet is a six column, m 238 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. eioriii-paj^e paper, neatly printed upon a ()Ower press find issued on Tliiirsday of eacli week. It is de- voted to tlie aov day for his work. Arriving at Chicago he found a dii'ty village built among the sloughs and s^^amps, with no indication of its present size and importance as the second city in populalion in this country. He paid for having his trunk or chest taken to Peoria from there, and he started on foot for this county. He subsequently took passage on a river boat to Peo- ria, and when he landed there had just eiglitcen and three-fourth cents in his pocket. From there he walked out to a friend who lived in Trivoli Town- ship, Peoria County. Mr. Hathaway and his father worked hard, earning money enough to send home for the mother and I he rest of the children the next year. Our subject l)ep;an work at 810 a month to buy a farm for his father and mulher. He performed much pioneer labor, and by unceasing industry finally established a home of his own and became well-to-do. For many years he owned a valuable and highly im- proved farm f)f one hnndred and forty acres in Jubilee Township. He was an able and practical business man and dealt a good deal in real estate, and in that way became quite wealthy. In the month of September, 1883, he gave up active busi- ness as a farmer and removed to his present com- •2l(> PORTRAIT AND BTO(tRAPIIICAL ALBUM. luiiiililiMDiiimodioiis home in Fartnington. of whifh lio is still a highly respected citizen. Ill 18.50 Deacon Hathaway was married to Mrs. Maria AVillard, daughter of Levi and Barbara (Stearns) Sabin. natives of Vermont. At the time of her marriage with our subject she was the widow of A'pheus Willard, to whom she had been married in Vermont in 1825. They were pioneer settlers of Brimlield, Peoria County, coming here in 1838. By that marriage she became the mother of the following children: Isaac, who died in in- fancy; William A., Frances M., Cynthia A., Henry C. Lot S., and Abbie R. William died in 1865, leaving a wife and two children — Frank A. and Mary B. ; Frances is the wife of George P. Burt, a retired carpenter of Galva, and they have four children — Frank H., Theresa AV., Flora M., Sophia S.; Cynthia died at the age of fifteen years; Henry, a prominent citizen and meicliant of Pittsburg, Kan., married Miss Ellen Moore, and thej' have two children — Lavon and Alice; Lot. a real-estate dealer at Seattle, Wash., married Ellen Davidson, and they have two children — Maj' G. and Lee A. Lot S. Willard was a Major on McPherson's staff during the Civil War. Abbie is the wife of Albert Mar- shall, a well-to-do farmer of Jubilee Township, and they have eight children — Birdie A., Cora, Ernest W., William A. Harry E.. Janie M., Nellie M. and Stella R. Deacon Hathaway's life career has been directed by energy, perseverance, stabilit}- of character and good business habits, combined \rith honorable and conscientious dealings, and his course furnishes an excellent example to the young men who are just starting out in the world to seek fortune's favors. He enjoys a higii personal standing throughout the count}', where the most busy 3-ears of his life w-ere passed, and is held in consideration wherever known. While a resident of Jubilee To^wnship he w.as revy prominent in its public affairs and was for a long time one of its most valued officials. He represented the township as a memljer of the County Board of Supervisors two 3- cars. He was Assessor five years, Collector four years, and School Treasurer for twentj'-seven consecutive years. No man has done more to forward the religious inter- ests of his community than the Deacon. He helped ItuiM e\eiy cliuich in Brimfield, except the Catho- lic, and officiated .is Deacon in tlie Bapt'sl Church of that place several years. He has also acted in that capacity in the church of thiit denomination in Farmington. He has a creditable record as a Republican, he being a firm ally of that party. Be- fore its organization he was a Whig, and he has voted for the following for President: Gen. AV. H. Harrison in 1840, well remembering the log-cabin craze; Fremont, in 1856; Lincoln, in 1860 and 1864; Grant, in 1868 and 1872; Hayes, in 1876: Garfield, in 1880; Blaine, in 1884; Harrison, in 1888. Though Mr. Hathawa}- is stronglj- in favor of temperance he is not a third part\' man. a^^HEODORE O. WHITENACK. There is (Im^^ something about the life of a i)rosperous ^^^ and popular j^oung man very pleasant to contemplate; something that gives encouragement to those seeking to make for themselves desirable positions in life. Such an example is given in the person of Theodore Whitenack, who is generally conceded to deserve unlimited praise for the suc- cess he has attained and for the strict integrity of his business transactions. He is a native-born citi- zen of this county, and is now numbered among the intelligent farmers of Liverpool Township. In the fall of 1882 he bought his present farm of one hundred and three acres on section 9. Under our subject's careful management the farm has been placed under excellent cultivation and is now a neat and well-ordered piece of property, comparing favorably with any other farm in the neighborhood in point of tillage and improvement. Here Mr. AA'hitenack is engaged in cultivating his land and in raising stock to a considerable extent with a very good profit. Peter AVhitcnack, the father of our subject, was born in the State of New York in 1820. His fa- ther, who bore the same name as himself was a na- tive of Pennsylvania. The Whitenack famil}' are of German antecedents and its representatives in America are descended from two brothers who came to America from Holland in Colonial times PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 241 in the early part of the eighteenth eeutiuj'. The grandfather of our subject was a farmer in Penn- sylvania, and finally removed from that State to J\ew York, where he passed his last days on a farm. Tlie father of our suliject was born and reared on a farm in Western New York, and in early life he became [)roprielor of a farm of eight}' acres in that part of the country u[)on wliich he lived until 1850. In that year he settled up his affairs in that State and took up his residence in Canton, this count}', making tlie journey from his old home by rail and boat. lie and his family resided in Canton two years and tlien settled on a farm in Canton Township. Later Mr. Whitenack moved to Union Township, and farmed there about six years. At the expiration of that time he took up his resi- dence at EUisville. In ISC') he removed to Bryant in Buckheart 'I'ownship. and for twenty years was engaged in business as a blacksmith at that point. Since tliat time he has made his home witli our sub- ject. The wife who lias journ(!yed witli him so far on life's road, lives with him and devotes herself to his comfort. Her maiden name was Sarah S. El- wood, and she w.is born in the State of New York in 1825. Both the parents of our subject are de- voted Christians and members of tlie Methodist Church. Mr. Whitenack is a firm Republican in his political sentiments. He held tlie office of Jus- tice of the Peace in this townsliip four years. Our subject is one of four children of whom he and his sister Iletlie are the only survivors. Tlie names of those deceased are, Isadore and Jennie. Theodore Whitenack was born in Canton, January 23. 1855. He was but an infant when his parents moved to the country where he was reared (ui a farm. He attended school some in the country but g'lined his education mainly in the villages of EUis- ville anil Bryant. When he was twenty-one years of age he began his independent career as a farmer on a rented farm of si.xty acres in Buckheart Town- ship. He rented land for about six years and then purchased his present farm as before mentioned. Our subject by his marriage with Lavina Hum- mell, April 2, 1876, secured a wife who has greatly aided hiin in making their pleasant home. Mrs. Whiten.ack was born in Bryant this county, August 11, 1854. She is a daughter of William Huniiiiell a native of Licking County, Ohio, who came to this county in 1831, and was one of its early settlers. He was a farmer and continued to carry on that occupation until the time of his death at the age of seventy-two years. The maiden name of Mrs. Whitenack's mother was Nancy M. Wil- coxen, and she belonged to a noted family whose history appears elsewhere in this Album. She died at the age of sixty-nine years and thus closed a well-spent life. Our subject and his wife had three chiblren, namely : Grace T.. Anna Blanche (deceased) and Leota C. Mrs. Whitenack is a de- voted member of the Christian Church and is well thought of by all about her. Our subject is a member of the Republican party. He is active in public life and in the spring of 1889 was elected to the important office of Supervisor to represent Liverpool Township on the County Board of Supervisors, to which position he was re- elected in 1890. He has served as School Director for nine years and does all that he can to advance educational interests in his township. He possesses many ple.asant social qu.alities and has a host of warm friends who delight in his success. AVID BEESON, President of the Canton National Bank, has gained an enviable repu- tation in the financial world for honesty, uprightness and liberality. He began the labors of life when quite young, undertaking his own support at the early age of thirteen 3'ears, and has in all positions proved himself to be the soul of honor, a friend of the iioor and distressed and a perfect gentleman. He has never been ambitious. in fact is of a retiring disposition, but his qualifi- cations are such that he has been pushed forward by .admiring friends to the high position which he holds at present. The family of which our subject is a member has been represented in this country for at least two centuries, Jacob Beeson being the founder of the American branch. He h.ad three sons, one of whom settled in N'irginia. The great-grandfather of our subject was Henry Bce.ion, whu lived and died in 242 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. Martinsburg, W. Va.. breathing his last in 1S17, when in his seventj--eigUtb \-ear. The grandfather of our subject was Jesse Beeson, who was born in Unionton-n. Pa., July 8, 1768, anfl returned to his birthplace during the latter years of his life, dying there June 8, 1842. Much of his active life was spent in Martinsburg, W. Va., in tlie occup.ition of a miller. He married Julia Ann Swcaringen, a na- tive of Maryland, whose natal day was Februar\' 11. 1773. and whose death occurred December 23, 1797. They reared a familj* of two children — Edward S. and Samuel, the latter of whom was born April 8. 1794, and died October 17, 1818. Edward S. Beeson was born December 12, 1795, and dieil Januarj' 14, 1852. He followed the busi- ness of a miller in Virginia until about 1830, when he removed to Indiana, in which Slate he continued the same business some five years. He then went to Ohio and engaged in the sale of merchandise at Beeson's Cross Roads, now known as Samautha. At one time he was Sheriff of Highland County and later resumed his trade, running what was then known as Reece's, but now as Foraker's Mill. In the spring of 1850 he came to Canton, 111., and en- gaged in the milling business, but the next jear removed to Farmington, where he died not long after, his death being caused by inhaling steam from a boiler explosion while engaged in a search for his son, our subject. The mother of our subject bore the maiden name of Julianna Ridgeway and was born in Frederick County, Va., August 31, 1802. Her parents were David and Martha Ridgeway. After the death of her husband she removed again to Canton where she breathed her last August 2, 1863. She was the mother of eight children, two of whom died in in- fancy. Of the living the subject of this sketch is the third in order of birth. The others are Martha, who was born August 29, 1826, and is now living in Healdsburg. Cal., being the widow of Joe S. Jlillsap, a prominent minister of the Methodist Church; Edward R., born April 2, 1833, a mer- chant and stockman in Franklin County. Kan.; Jesse A., born February- 10, 1841, and now a prominent business man in Bloomington, this State. The last named was a soldier in Companj' II, Sev- euteenth Illinois Infantry, going promptly at the first call, was discharged for disability in 1803. but re-enlisted the following j-ear and received his final discharge in 18G5. He received an injury at Ft. Donelson from the effects of which he has never recovered. Two daughters have died within the last decade — Virginia A. who was born August 27, 1836. and died August 13, 1882, and Julia, whose natal day occurred November 27, 1844, and whose death occurred August 12, 1886. The birth of David Beeson. the subject of this notice, occurred at Hillsboro, Highland County, Ohio. October 12. 1838. Having been left father- less soon after he entered his teens, he became -i clerk for SuUej' & Trace^', general merchants and buyers of produce, and was subsequently connected with H. C. Adams in the mercantile business tw^o 3ears. The establishment was then closed out and Mr. Beeson engaged with Hulitt & Atwater, with whom he remained nine years. He afterward clerked for a Mr. Mills in a dry-goods house and also for a yiv. Huisley. He next went into the private bank of C. T. Ilealds, and the First Na- tional Bank being started a short time afterward he was retained in the new institution ,is book- keeper for sixteen years, during which time he also acted as Assistant Cashier and Teller and held a position as Director. In 1882 Mr. Beeson severed his connection with this bank, having the previous year com- menced the clothing business in a firm known as "Dave it Dick." he being the senior member and Richard Dirilbiss the junior member. After three jears Mr. Beeson withdrew from the firm on ac- count of his health and for some time w.as not en- gaged in active business pursuits. At the annual meeting of the National Bank Directors he, in companj- with others, withdrew and organized a private banking institution known as C. T. Heald walls of the lower room on each side,the upper room being * four feet larger in the square than the room btlow. Tl e walls were then built up about seven feet on the outer side, being made to slope a foot or eight- een inches toward the inner side of the circle. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAl'lIlCAL ALBUM. 247 The clapboard coverings were held in |)l:ice by weigbt-poles, as tUey were called, logs several inclios ill diameter. On tiicse sloping roofs the sentries could lie protected as behind an embank- ment and see what was going on outside the stockade. The only entrance to the upper room of the house was through a trap door, !)>• means of a ladder, which in case of attack could be drawn up and the door securely fastened down. In the floor- ing of this room where it jutted beyond the room below and also in the walls of the lower room were port-holes near together, so that if the people within were besieged they could fire on the Indians. As soon as the walls of the fort were done, the settlers moved in, living in rail pens till the houses could be erected. And here Sarah Ann spent four years of her earl^' life, and from within these walls date her first recollections of home and passing events. After spending four years at Fort Jones, as it was c died, their situation became so desperate, that the little company decided to make the attempt to reach Camp Russell, the garrison, distant forty miles from Fort Jones, and six miles from the jiresent site of Kdwardsville. Accordingly carts were made wholly of wood, each large enough to contain one family, and the small amount of house- hold goods that could be taken on so perilous a journey, and each drawn by one horse. The little parly started by daylight, and traveled all day and far into the night without being molested, and reached the g.irrison in safety. Soon afterward Mr. Springer and others of the refugees from Fort Jones concluded it would be safer and more convenient to take up land in tbe vicinity of tlie garrison, which they accordingly did. Mr. Springer pre-empting a quarter-section five miles southwest of Edwardsville. And there, hav- ing boug t the lanfl of the G'lvernment as soon an it care into the market, he spent the remainder of his life, d3Mng of cholera in the epidemic of 1849. In tiiat pioneer home his ilaughler Sarah grew to womanhood, and at the age of sixteen years mar- ried Isham Davidson. Her vivid recollections of fort life, its perils and privations; its miraculous escapes from death; and her life of toil and hard- ship such as women of that day had to endure, would form a chapter of unusual interest in the history of the pioneer women of the State, of whom she is a noble representative. After her marriage with Mr. Davidson in October, Ifi'iO, this remarkable lady lived for several years near Edwardsville, and one year in Upper Alton, where almost daily for weeks she fed volunteers returning from the Black Hawk War. In 1836 they removed to Petersburg, Menard Counly, Illi- nois, where her husband engaged in merchandising and milling. Petersburg was tlien a small hamlet, which had never had a religious service of any kind within its borders. Instead, a "groggery," as it was called, was set up on a vacant lot directly opposite their dwelling, and here, quite soon after she and her husband removed to the place, and during his absence, on the occasion of a horse race, Mrs. Davidson was forced to endure the scene of perhaps two hundred men in all stages of intoxication, swearing, fighting, etc. During the day, and nearly the entire night the sounds of unholy revelry polluted the air. To a woman of her refinement and spirit this was revolting, and she felt she could not live amid such scenes w'ith no Cliristian |)rivileges. Accord ir.gly wlicii the Methodist Episcopal Conference met in Spiingdeld, twentv-two miles distant from Petersburg, but a short time subsequently, she attended it in person and requested that a missionary might be sent to tlicin. Her appeal was listened to and granted in the person of her uncle, the Rev. Levi Springer, who held regular services at Petersburg during the ensuing two years, followed b}- Rev. Michael Sliunck, w-lio was an inmate of llic home of the Davidsons while they staid in lliat part of tlie State. The services were held in llicir dwelling till Mr. Davidson built a schoolliouse for the double purpose of holding school and divine ser- vices within its walls. But the opposition to Christianity was so strong that the schoolliouse was soon burned, and the devoted band of worship- pers were again obliged to have their meetings in the Davidson home. Before the end of their three years' stay in Petersburg, Mr. and Mrs. Davidson had the happiness of seeing the little church of which they and two or three others formed the nucleus, grown into a goodly company of Christian people. During those years and subsequent ones 248 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. Mrs. Davidson often entertained in her house those veteran pioneer preachers, Peter Cartwright, Peter Akers, George and William Riilledge, Henry Sum- mers, and many others prominent in the annals of Methodism. She has also entertained Stephen A. Douglas, .\braliam Lincoln, and other notalile men of their day. After the panic of '37 had swept aw.ay his entire wealth Mr. Daviilson became contractor of the stage route from Lewistown to Springfield, and re- moved his family to Lewistown in the autumn of 1S38. In 1840 he purchased a little home on the outskirts of the city, and he and his wife began life anew in a log cabin. Here Mrs. Davidson was happy and contented because it was home, and her friends were as welcome as in more prosperous daj-s. And when a few years later the cabin gave place to a more commodious cottage it was and ever has been a home for all who claim its hos- pitality. This venerable lady is still living, honored and cherished by her children, and regarded with feelings of respect and affection far beyond her home circle, as in a long and useful life she has made many warm friends, who have been indebted to her for wise counsel and helpfulness. ]\Iother Davidson has been the mother of eight children, four of whom were born in ^Madison County, where two died infancy. One, William T., was born in Petersburg, and three were born in Lewistown. Two of her sons, James M. (editor of the Carthage Republican) and William T., are editors of prominent county papers. Mary F., Luc}' E., and Eliliu S. are dead. Her youngest daughter, Sarah M. B., inherits in a full degree the strength of character and literary talent of her brothers, and is a lady of marked culture. She is an able writer, possessing fine descriptive powers, and it is to her graceful pen that we are indebted for the foregoing vivid account of her mother's early life and of pioneer times. Mrs. Davidson's daughter Sarah and an orphan grandson reside with her and cheer her declining years in the cottage which has 'oeen her home for half a century. .She has endured with fortitude and resignation the sorrows that have fallen to her lot in the death of those nearest and dearest to her. Her husband, witli whom she traveled life's road for more than fifty years, has been removed from her presence, and a son, two daughters and several grandchildren have also gone to their last resting place since she came to Lewistown. Her descendants now living in 18i)0 number three children and nineteen grand- children and great-grandchildren. William T. Davidson, th(^ subject of this bio- graphical review, was but a small child when his parents brought him to Lewistown, and here he was reared amid pioneer influences. His early education was secured in the disti-ict school, wliicii was conducted on the subscription plan. At the youthful age of twelve 3'ears he was compelled to leave school to earn his own living. His first em- ployment was teaming produce from Lewistown to the Liverpool and Peoria markets, and on the re- turn trip he loaded his wagon with merchandise, or with stone and sand which was used in building many of the early stores and other buildings of Lewistown. He was thus engaged till he was seventeen years old, and then, as an apprentice in the printing office of the Lewistown liepublicnn^ he entered upon that career that eventuplly led him to the editorial chair of the Fulton Democrat, which he has so abl}' filled for more than thirty years. He worked nine months in the llejmbUcan ottice, and then as the paper was discontinued, he went to Peoria as compositor In 1854 the Daily Herald, the first daily paper ever published in Peoria, was established by George W. Ranney, editor and jiroprietor. Our subject secured a'position to set type in that office when it was first opened, and the following eighteen months was engaged on that and other |)apers in that city and at Tiskilwa and Macomb. In June. 1855 he was called to Lewis- town to assist his brother James in founding the F'ulton Democrat. In 1856 he returned to Peoria and helped to found the Peoria Transcript, now the most prominent paper in Central Illinois. Re- turning to Lewistown, our subject becnme half- owner and assistant editor of the Fultoii Democrat in July, 1858, and the 11th of the following No- vember he bought his brother's interest in the paper, and from that time to the present has been sole editor and proprietor of the Democrat, Mr. Davidson has devoted his best energies to PORTRAIT AM) 11I()( ; KA I'll ICAL ALRU.M. 249 his work of niaUing a newspaper that slionkl educate its conslitiii'iicy and be a iiolcnt factor in the np- liiiildiii!)- of city and connty. This he has acconi- |iiislicd, and the journal which owes its strength and high position to his genius is read far and wide, perhaps having a larger circulation than any similar provincial newspaper, and has iiclped to mold public opinion on many of the im[)ortant questions of the day. The Deinocrat is a sound family paper, well supplied with solid and useful information, as well as with lighter matter, keeping its readers wcll-infornud on current topics and the affairs of this anti other countries, and one of its interesting features is the correspondence from various localities in the county. Mr. l^avidson is a man of strong convictions and does not hesitate to express tiiem freely and frankly, and with all the vigor he can command. Man^- a time his sharp, caustic pen has done good service in spurring on his party to victory, or in exi)osing fraud and corruption, whether found in the ranks of the Republicans or Democrats, among civic otiicials or private citizens. Through his columns he has usually supported the Democratic party, but holds himself independent, and has never been moved by mone^- considerations or personal preferences. His readers know that whom- soever or whatsoever he sup|)orts or disapproves, his course is actuated by conscientious motives and after careful consideration. The usual amount of praise and fault-linding has been measured out to him as an editor, but his character as a man of honor, integrity and public spirit has never been questioned. His manly attitude in regard to the temperance question is well-known, as he is a radi- cal prohibitionist, his influence being felt through- out this section of the country, which is attested by the fact that Lewistown, his home, is the center of one of the largest prohibition districts in the Stale. Our sul)ject is connected with the following social organizations: Lewistown Lodge. No. 104, A. F. & A. j\L; Havana Chapter, R. A. M.; and Damascus Commandory, No. 42, K. T. He is a lover of home and is eminently happ3^ in his do- mestic relations. He was married January 24, 18G0, to Miss Lucinda M. Miner, a native of Co- lumbus, Ohio, and a daughter of Francis and Myra (Jordan) Miner. Seven children have been born to J\Ir. and Mrs. Davidson. — Harold L.. Mabel (who died in infancy). Bertha, Frances. Lulu I\L. Nell c (who died in infancy), and JLaude. The readers of this volume will be pleased to notice elsewhere on its pages a lilhograi)hic i)or- trait of Mr. Davidson. -^^ lEORGE H. HETRICK. proprietor of the Transfer Line at Canton, is a man who has always met with success in worldly' affairs, and one who ranks high in commercial circles. Being an old settler in this county he is well known, and that he is highly respected it needs but a men- tion of his name to prove. Fortune having smiled u|)on his efforts, he is numbered among t,he wealthy citizens of the place, having a good business and owning a fine residence, where he and his family enjoy all the comforts that heart can desire and money purchase. William Hetrick, the great-grandfather of our subject, w.as the founder of the family in America, coming to this country when quite a young man and settling in Pennsylvania. He was a farmer by occupation and continued to make his home in the Keystone State. The next in the direct line of de- scent was Robert Hetrick, who was born in Penn- sylvania, lived in Virginia for some years, but re- turned to his n.ative State to die. He married a Miss Smith, and to them were born three children, the youngest of whom was the father of our sub- ject. Ui)on him the name of Robert w.as bestowed. After reaching manhood he married Catherine Bellman, daughter of George and Mary Bellman, whose ancestors came from Germany many years ago. She was born about a mile from Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. Robert Hetrick i)ursued the calling of a farmer, and for 3'ears served his fellow-citizens in the ca- pacity of Constable, and was also Sheriff of Cum- berland County for some time. He was a well ed- ucated man, much interested in the progress of civ- ilization, and his home was a great resort for min- isters of the German Baptist, Methodist Episcopnl 250 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. and otiier denominations. To himself and his good wife ten childi'en were burn, of whom those now deceased are: Caroline, Eliza Jane, Kate, Car- oline 2d, Mary Ellen and Jennie. 'J'he living are: Joiui, now a stock-raiser and farmer in Linn County, Mo.; Ann, wife of Augustus Stoner, a boot and shoe dealer in Ilarrisburg, Pa.; the sub- ject of our sketch, and Mary Ellen, wife of Will- iam Jacobi, a machinist of Ilarrisburg. The birth of George B. Hetrick occurred in Cumberland Countj-, Pa., near Harrisburg, Janu- ary 29, lb27. Repassed his youth in his native State, starting for himself in the business world at the early age of fourteen, and vvorking for his un- cle, George Bellman, at stage-driving and teaming. In a short time he saved enough money to pur- chase a team of his own, and drove a stage in Pitts- burg, and later in Northumberland. In 1852 he came West, and for several years made his home in Rushville, this State, still earning his living by teaming. In comi)any with his brother he took con- tracts for carrying the mail, one route being be- tween Burlington, Iowa, and Springfield, 111., an- other from Rushville to Jacksonville, and the con- tracts covering five routes. Selling out his mail contracts Mr. Iletrick re- turned to liis former occupation for a time, then be- gan farming near Iluntsville, Schuyler County, where he resided two years. In the fall of 1860 he came to Canton, where he has continued to make his home. Immediately after locating here he took a contract to carry the mail between Elmwood and Livingston, but after faithfully discharging tiie duties of a carrier twoj'ears, sold out and returned to his favorite occupation, teaming. He was the first to haul goods from the dc[)ot to the merchants and now has four teams and some very fine wagons, his entire outfit being kept up in first-class style. There is scarcely an hour in the day when at least three of his teams are not in use. In 1818 Mr. Helrick was united in marriage with Miss Amanda Pollinger. a native of Cumber- land County, Pa., and a friend and schoolmate of his early years. She is a daughter of George and Matilda (Ettcr) Pollinger, natives of the Keystone State. She is a woman of fine character and has been a devoted member of the Presbyterian Church since her early girlhood. She has borne her hus- band ten cliildren, of whom the living are: Robert, a commercial traveler who makes his home in Can- ton; Kale, wife of R. M. Truax, of Morgan Park. Cliicago; William, a resident of Canton; Anna and (J race, who are with their parents; Jessie, wife of John M«ore, of Buckheart Township, this county. The deceased are : Ellen, George, James and Dot. Mr. Hetrick and his family are regular attendants at the Presbyterian Church, and al- though none but his wife hold membership, all aid in vaiious phases of church work, and are classed among the moral members of societj'. iB^^:< SCAR J. BOYER. There are few professions which require the amount of diligent study and general information that is essential to the knowledge of law. To master legal terras un- derslandingly, one must first possess a good edu- cation, and must in addition to this have great concentration of thought. What could call forth more admiration than a forcible speech well deliv- ered; or appeal more earnestly to the human heart than an enthusiastic defense of some poor man, whose chances for living depend entirely upon his attorney's eloquence.' Among the gentlemen wlio realize the full importance of this calling, and add dignity to the profession, ranks Oscar J. Bo\'er, attorney at law. Canton. William Boj'er, the great-grandfather of our sub- ject, escaped from France during the revolution in that country, and coming to America participated in the Revolutionary War. He settled in Delaware, where his son John, grandfather of our subject, was born. This gentleman went to Ohio, locating near Zanesville, whence he came to Fulton Countj-, III., in the \'ear 1842, dying here about 1860. His family consisted of five children — Caleb, the father of our subject; John, who is now deceased; Robert, who lives in Warren County; Rachel, wife of Henry Byers. of Lewistown Township; and Sarah, wife of James Frederick, of Lee Township. Caleb Pioyer was born near Zanesville, Ohio, September 3, 1821. He is now living in Cass PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 251 T()wii>hi|), tliis ooiinty, at the nge of sixlj'-six ; luiil his wife, who is tlie same age, is still alive and well. He has been a farmer and local preaeher of tiie liiiled Ilielliren faitli and enjoys an envialile rep- utalion. He has four chihlren. the subject of this notice being the (irst-ljorn. The otiiers are.Iohn W.. Norris ('., and Dellie. wife of Zenie Morey, of Downer County. The mother bore the maiden name of .'^:irah Baughman. Her ancestors came to America before the devolution, settling irj Virginia, wlience the faii)il_\- moved to Ohio at an early d.ay. In tlte i'.ucicwistown Democrat and the Havana Republican. Isatnrally this varied experience admirablj' fitted him to take charge of a ])aper, and since coming to Fairview he has been busy, not as a bee, buton the Bee. This paper was established Jann.iry 3, 1883, by V. B.Phillips. Mr. Whitelicad bought out the owners of the Bee the same j'ear in whicli it was estalilished and lias continued to make it a breezy and interesting sheet up to the present t,ime. His is not a "bee" that stings, but one that "buzzes" in a most musi- cal manner, and flies regularly into about three hundred and lifty homes that would be lost with out their spicy little visitor. In June, 188G, our subject was united in mar- riage with Miss Lillian M. Odie, of Havana, and daughter of William Odle. Her father is a retired merchant and slie is tlie third in order of birth of till' four chihlriMi liorn to her paients. Mrs. White- head is a graduate of the Havana High School and a most estimable woman. Her union with our sub- ject lias been blest by the liirth of two children — Violet and Hoyd Nelson. Mr. and Mrs. Whitehead have a comfortable iiome in the central |iart of the village, and lure thej^ entertain many a brilliant visitor and in their cozy parlor numerous "bon-raots" tly about. Our (© subject is a member of the Fairview Lodge, No. 120, I. O. O. F., of which he is Secretary. IIis wife is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. In politics our subject is an Indepeniverpool T(j\vnsliip, in 18(58. at the age of tifty-six ^ears. He was a man of exem- plary habits and was a member of the chnreh nearly all his life, belorginij lii\st to the church of the I'nited Brethren and later to the Methodist Chnreh. His wife, who was u native of Ohio, lived to the age of sixty-seven years and then gave up her life with the cabTiness and sereidty that at- tends the death of faithful believers. She was iden tified with the Southern Methodist Church for many 3'ears. Five children were horn to the par- ents of our subject, of whom four grew to matu- rity, namelj': Almarinda (deceased), John (J., Abram W., C'atheiine (deceased), and Klizabeih, (Mrs. Wheadon). Our subject passed his youth on a farm in this, his native count}-, and in the common schools ob- taine(i a limited education. Tlie schoolhouse which he attended was a rude log structure with slab seats and fnrnisliings quite in keeping with the day. He remained at home and assisted in the management of tlie farm until lie was twen- ty-nine years old. In .July, 1862, he determined to tlirow aside his work and take part in the great war that was then being waged, and he enlisted in Company B, Eighty-fifth Illinois Regiment, for a term of three 3ears. His company was drilled for two weeks at Peoria .and w.as then sent to Louis- ville, K_v. From there our subji^'t and his com- rades went to Crab Orchard, the pride of the Blue Grass State in the way of watering [jlaces, and thiMc Ihey took jjart in a bnttle •■uid skirmi.sli that lasted a whole day. At this place, Mr. Ackcu'son was taken sick with a bilious attack, and was re- moved to the regimental hospital at Nashville, Teiiii., where he remained until February, 18G3, and was then discharged on account of physical disability. So greatly did his he.iltii snflfer from the hardships that he had to endure while in the army that he felt the effects of his illness for a 3'ear after his return home. In 1872 our subject removed to Cowley County, Kan., where he bought a quarter section of land, lie broke but si.\ty-live acres and raised a good croi) of corn during his two years residence there. At the end of that time he sold oul.and com- ing back to Fulton County, bcmght one hundred and fifty-eight acres that he now owns, ,a part of which is on the Illinois River bottoms, where the Soil is very rich and productive. He has ever since been a resident of Liverpool Township, and li.as de- voted himself to tilling the soil and raising stock. He has jiut many good inii)roveinents vipon his pl.ace, has everything necessary for conducting agricullure. and from his well tilled (ields reaps good harvests. In the month of June, 1872. Mr. Aekerson and Miss May Wallwoi Ih were united in marriage. Mrs. Aekerson is a native of the State of New York, and came to this .State with her parents who settled near Fairbury. Mr. and IMrs. Aekerson have made for themselves a pleasant hom^ A T H A N 1 F L \ ITTUM. While Fulton County has much in the way of natural re- iL\ sources and commercial transaction.s to com- mend it to the public at large, the chief interest centers upon the lives of those citizens who have achieved success for themselves and at the same time benefited the community in which they re- side. Prominent among these men is he whose name heads this sketch. Ire having been one of the early pioneers and taken an active part in laying the fouiulation for the present prosperity of the county. Grandfather \ittum was one of the first settlers in New Hampshire, cutting his way into the forest, and receiving the deed to a large tract of Land for his settlement. His son Tuftine was the first boy born in the town of .Sandwich. On growing to manhood he married Dolly Weed, who was the first girl born in .Moilonboro, N. H., and whose 260 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. parents, Moses and Dolly (Mugget) Weed, were vciy early settlers in the Granite State and had been warm friends of the Vittums for many j-ears. Tuftine Vittum and his wife resided in their na- tive State throughout the entire course of their lives. To them were born three children — Na- thaniel, Daniel and Sallj-. An uncle of our sub- ject fought in the Revolutionar3- War and many relatives participated in the War of 1812. Nathaniel Vittum was born in Sandwich, N. H., March 30, 1804, and grew to manhood in his na- tive State, following farming as an occupation. He at one time owned an hotel and was also in- terested in the stage business. In 1825 he was married to Miss Clara Palmer, a daughter of John and Sallie (Cannistcr) Palmer, who was from earl}' infancy a near neighbor of Mr. "N'ittum and is but four months his junior, having been born August 17. 1804. Her ancestors in both the paternal and maternal lines were from Holland. Mr. and Mrs. Vittum are the parents of three children — .Sarah, who married Joseph Drake, both being now de- ceased; Daniel W., a prosperous farmer and wide- awake business man of this countA'; and Martin, who died at an early age. Mr. and Mrs. \'ittum came to this county- from their native State in the year 1847. pui'chasing large tracts of land which embraced about five hilndred acres. Their son had previously visited this section in company with au uncle, and con- sidering it a most desirable place of residence, had located here, and the father coming to visit him. was equally well pleased. Mr. Vittum continued his agricultural o|ierations until his advancing jears impaired his health and he retired from business. He li.as been an active, hard-working man. ilevoting much time to financial matters, but having achieved success, is now enjoying life in a most comfortable waj-. He and his wife, who h.as been his faithful companion for sixt}'- Bve years, occupj' a cozy home in Canton, where they are surrounded bj' admiring friends. Mr. Vittum h.as taken great interest in polities, both in his native State and Illinois, and h.as on man}- occasions been urgefl to become a candi- date for office, an honor which he kindly but firmly declined. He was an old acquaintance of "Long John" Wnntworlh, and man}' times while hoys together in New Hampshire, they hauled wood to boil maple .syrup. Indeed, the Went- worths. Vittums and Weeds were upon very inti- mate terms and the subject of our sketch frequently visited Mr. Wentworth iu Chicago. Both Mr. and Mrs. Vittum have been connected with the Congregational Church for half a century. ^•M €^-B- -^ EZEKIAH CATTRON who is well known J and honored in this section of the county, is distinguished as being one of the oldest 'i^' residents of Hickory Township, where he has a large and valuable farm. He is (me of the most extensive landholders of Fulton Count}-, and as a prominent farmer has been a i)0tont agent in advancing the growth of this portion of Illinois. Mr. Cattron was born in .Sullivan County, East Tennessee, May 26, 1813, to Valentine and Frances (Bohannon) Cattron, natives respectively of Vir- ginia and North Carolina. At an early day the father of our subject left Tennessee with his family and started on an exploring tour in search of a pleasant location and iu 1820 arrived in Washington County. Ind. They settled three miles south of Salem and engaged in farming there four years. In 1825 the family moved to Bartholemew County the same State, four miles north of the city of Columbus, where Mr. Cattron obtained a lease of a school section. In a short time he sold his It.ase and we next hear of him in Fountain County. Ind., where he took possession of eighty acres of land, which he continued to occupy for a period of ten years. He then traded that land for a tract of land in La Porte County, and afler the death of his wife which took place April 15, 1832, he sent his son, our sub- ject, to improve his last purchase. In 1834 he re- moved to that place and while be was residing there bought a quarter section of land in Ple.asant Township, t'ulton County. On the 30th of April, 1837, the family came to this county and settled on said land, and the father and our subject made an additional purcliase of a half section of land in Decrfield and Young Hickory Townships. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 261 The fatlier of our siibjt^cl died February 4, 1840. He had been verj' much prospered and at the time of his deUh owned land in the followiuu County. The farm on which he resides is [ileasrintly located on section G, Hickory Township, and the improve- ments on it are of the best class. Mr. Cattron, al- though on the shad}' side of life is yet vigorous, and man.ages his affairs with the old time abilitj' and sound judgment. Tlie work that he has done to advance the welfare of the county and to help build up its schools and churches, and so elevate its social, moral and religious status, entitles him to a high place among the pioneers of Fulton County. .Mr. Cattron was married July 4, 1839, to Rachael Alcott, their marriage taking place in Fair- view Township. Her parents came from New Jersey and were of Scotch-Irish descent, while he s|)rings from German ancestry. Four children have blessed the wedded life of our subject and his wife, all of whom are living in Fulton County, and their record is as follows: Mary Eliza, born July 20, 1840^; Josiah A., January 8, 1842; .lohn Milton, April 4, 1844; and Israel Valentine, September I."), 184fi. .Mr. Cattron and his good wife joined the Meth- odist Episcopal Church, December 4, 1850. and have been connected with it ever since as two of its most consistent and valued members, wdio are deeply interested in all religious matters and will- ingly contribute to all worth}' causes. Mr. Cattron has been a true Republican since the formation of tlie iiarty. He has borne a prominent part in the public life of this section, and has served in various important offices. For three years he was a School Commissioner, for two j'ears a Road Commissioner, a Justice of the Peace for the same length of time, was a member of the County Board of Supervisors one year, and he sat on the first grand jury that was ever convened in this county. He has also interested himself in educational matters as a teacher. He obtained his education in Washington and Fountain Counties, Ind. under jlifBculties, as ho had to walk a distance of three miles over a rough, dreary read in order to get to the primitive pioneer school which he attended. After coming to tliis State he utilized his education liy leaching school one year (1838) two miles west of Canton. He is a generous, open-hearted gentleman, and is re.ady at all times to do what wealth and good feeling can accomplish both in liusiness and social circles. His genial nature, as well as his unusual liberality, has made numerous friends for him in the community with which he has been identiOed for more than half a century. M\ ARTIN RUSSELL, General Insurance Iji y^ Agent, Canton. Nothing more full}' illus- y A trates the rapid strides the world has made in civilization during the last few centur- ies, than the manifold and varied occupations found to exist in large and small cities; and the immense amount of insurance carried both on individual life and property, is indeed surprising when we see the estimate In plain figures. With every succeeding year business is becoming more and more brisk, and bread-winners must work faithfully and well to attend properly to the duties found in each line of work. But tact and industry combined always bring about a happy result, as is seen in the case of Martin. Russell, whose sketch now claims attention. I\Ir. Russell is an Englishman by birth, having first seen the light of day in that country, March 2, 1823, and had reached his second year when his parents, John and Hannah (Ray) Russell, left their English liome to seek a new one in the United States. The father was an agriculturist, and settled in the State of Vermont, at Barnard, and there continued to live through the greater part of his time up to his death. The mother died in that State about 1834, leaving three children, viz: Cyn- 262 .PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. tliia. wife of Ceber Sniitb, of Pittsford, Vt. ; John, resident of Barnard, Vt.; and the subject of our sketch. According to the custom of those days, Mr. Russell's father bound him out when he was four years old and he continued to serve until he had reached his seventeenth year. The remembrance of those years is not attended with any great amount of pleasure, although Mr. Russell recalls the lady of the house with gratitude, she having always been kind and considerate and doing all in her power to make life more endurable to him. He received no literary instruction, although his father had arranged for him to attend school two months each 3-ear. He had been ambitious to acquire an education and had obtained a certain amount of knowledge b^' studying at night after a hard day's work, dreading the penalty of a whippihg if the light of his tallow dip was discovered by the man to whom he was bound. After leaving this place he worked for a few raoutlis on a farm in the same neighborhood, then attended a select sciiool three months, after which he came West to Mans- field, Ohio. This was in 184i, and Mr. Russell taught for a short time but in the ensuing year came to Illinois, settling first at Shabbona and continuing to make that his home until 1850. While there he took up the insurance business and is now about the oldest man in his line of work in the entire State. He went to California by the overland route in 1850 and his experience throughout the trip wasexceedingl3- in- teresting. He had tiie misfortune to lose the diary which he had been keeping, but an excellent mem- orj- enables him to recount the most interesting in- cidents as well as the most trying experiences in which he bore a part. He learnod what hunger is, as the last mouthful of food was eaten when the pai-ty was yet five iiundrernia. Denver, of Colorado and the ^Etna Life Insurance, of Hartford, Conn. He is still as actively engaged in business as ever, employing office help in the carrying on of his labors. His home is a happy one, presided over by a native of Water- town, N. Y., who bore the maiden name of Cath- erine Hall. She became his wife in 1845, the marriage rites being celebrated in DeKalb County, this State. Mr. and Mrs. Russell have four chil- dren, named respectively, Viola. Emma, Frank and AVili. Mr. Russell is a Royal Arch JIason, and has taken the council degrees. He does not belong to an\- church, but is a very moral man and lives re- ligion in his dail^' habits as nearlj- as possible. Being a self-marle man he is well prepared to un- derstand the trials and hardships of which life is too often composed, and loses no opportunity to help those less fortunate than himself. Once at the bottom round of the ladder of fame and for- tune, Mr. Russell has climbed round by round, un- til he stands to day upon the topmost one. and merits additional praise for having climbed with- out assistance of anv kind. ^ .*> •m /. ^iy4^^^. a^^^^W^ (^j^jiA^^ PORTRAIT AXI) BIOGRAPHICAL ALIUTM. 2 Of) ARTIN BEEBE. This untciprising and progressive farmer, whose portrait is shown * on the opposite page, is the owner of what is known as the Ducl< Island Farm, con- sisting of lifleen hundred and ninety- acres of land on sections 33, 34 and 35, Banner Township. Nine luindred acres are under ciiltivaiion, pro- ducing from forty to fifty bushels of wheat and from seventy to one hundred bushels of corn per acre. Mr. Beebe is extensivel}' engaged in rais- ing corn and iiogs, although other products are not neglected. His residence on section 33, presents an ai)[)earauce of comfort and homelikeness, and is accompanied by the numerous buildings needful to the prosecution of the work of the place. Our subject was born in Chemung County, N.Y.,April 6, 1819, toHezekiah and Sarah (Boyer) Beebe. He was reared on a farm, removing with his parents to LaGrange County, Ind., in 1837, and remaining there until 1839. In December of that year he came to this count}-, employing him- self at work by the month for two years. He next learned the trade of a cooper, at which he worked about fifteen years. In 1849 Mr. Beebe bought a smsiU farm in Banner Township, near Utica. and in 1860 purchased the Island Farm from John N. AVillard, of St. Louis, Mo. Here he has mada his home since tiiat time, devoting himself assiduously to the pursuit of his chosen calling and reaping a satisfactory reward for his perseverance, intelligence and prudence. Mr. Beebe has been twice married, the first union having been C(ins\immated in 1847. His bride was Miss Diana Sayles, an efficient and affectionate lady, with whom he lived happil}' until her death, January 8, 18()2. She left five children, whose record is as follows: Henry C!aj-, born April 12, 1851, married Clara Rosecarap; Clara A., born January 28, 1853, died at the age of eighteen }'ears; Marcus T., born F'ebruary I, 1856, married Polly Harris and lives in Missouri; Josephine, born March 28, 1858, married William Ringliouse in October, 1886, and now lives in Mason County; Orrin. born February' 29, 1861, married Miss Min- nie Riloy and lives in Bucklieart Township, this county. The second marriage of our subject was cele- brated November 24. 1870, the bride being Miss Kinma l^lem. who, while devoted to her family and their interests, finds time and op[)orluiiily for kindly intercourse with her many friends. This marriage has resulted in the liirlh of the following sons and daughter: John, born .luly 27, 1873; Amos, January 1, 1875; Hector, .lune 24, 1877; Frederick, July 28, 1879; Carrol. January 14, 1882: Sheldon, September 5, 1884; Mary Belle, December 22, 1887. When he became old enough to vote. Mr. Beebe was an old-line Whig, and on the formation of the Republican party identified himself with it, but is now a member of the Greenback party. lie is not an active participant in political affairs, pre- ferring to give his attenti':)n to his personal pur- suits and the joys of domestic and social life. He is respected, as his merits deserve, by all who are acquainted with his character and attainments. ■ — -5- ^^ ^^ W. HOBBS, now living in Mound Town- - ship, McDonough County, was one of the JK earl}' pioneers of this county, who was for many years closely identified with its industrial in- terests, as one of its most successful farmers and skillful mechanics, and is eminently worthy of a place among its representative men in this I'.io- ORAPHICAL Album. Mr. Hobbs was born in Maryland, not far from the city of Baltimore, in 1817. When he was a child his parents took him to the pioneer wilds of Jefferson County, Ohio, of which they were early settlers. In his youth he was apprenticed to a blacksmith by the name of James Simeral, and during the term of his apprenticeship received his board and clothes. At the expiration of that time he went to work with a noted mechanic, Joseph Fields, and toiled hard for the meagre sum of 82 a month, from which he had to clothe himself, and his board. He followed his trade for two years, and then made a trip to New Orleans on the river. He afterward worked in Washington, Pa., the year of the cholera, until all emplo3ment was suspended on account of the dreaded disease. 266 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. In 1834 he came North from New Orleans, whither lie had been sojourning, and norlied in George- town, Oliio, until 1835, when he came to Illinois. He landed at the mouth of the Spoon River, in company with two blacksmiths and two clothiers who had come from Philadelphia. Mr. Hobbs and Joseph McCoy, who came with liira. worked at the blacksmith's business that year in Monmouth. We may mention in this con- nection that our subject still has the old anvil with which he worked in that place over Qfty-fire years ago. It iiad been bought by his father-in- law from a person in the East, and when it was sold with the other effects of the old gentleman, Mr Ilobbs bought it at the rate of twenty cents a pound. It is of English manufacture and is of the best make. Our subject and his partner pursued their calling very profitablj- at Jlonmouth, and at the end of the first six months had ^106 each. The former very judiciously invested his when ho came to Harris Township from Monmouth in the spring of 1836, in a tract of eighty acres of land. He still worked at his calling, however, in tiie vil- lage of Marietta, where he lived, with the excep- tion of the time of his residence in Lewistown during the war, until aliout nine years ago, when he sold out and removed to his present place of residence in McDonough County. He had three hundred acres of land in Fulton County, and a full section in McDonough Count}', which he had purchased wiien it w.as cheap. He engaged extensively in raising stock and carried on the business in part- nership with Mr. Wilson. At the breaking out of the war they had five hundred head of cattle, and as pasture was plentiful and cheap, they made money fast. This count}- is greatly indebted to our subject for what he did toward improving stock in the early days bj' the introduction of horses, cattle and hogs of a high grade. He be- lieved in raising none but good stock, and when- ever he made a purchase alw.ays bought the best in the market. When Mr. Hobbs came here he had an idea that if he should be able to get forty acres of land he would be well off, and when he obtained eighty acres he considered himself quite rich. With characteristic enteri)risc he decided that he would have an orchard, and he senf'to 'an old Quaker friend to have him send him a lot of fruit trees such as he thought he would want. His friend sent him one hundred apple trees and a variety of pears, which he planted, and they afterward be- came famous for their fine fruit. From one of his trees our subject often sold as much as $50 worth of fruit each year, and his orchard was regarded as one of the finest in all the country around. Our subject was married April 20, 1837, to Miss Eliza Humphrey, and their wedded life of more than fift}' years duration luas been one of great felicity. Mrs. Hobbs is a most excellent woman, of many Christian virtues, and is a true member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. She is a daugh- ter of William Humphrey, of Ohio. His brother, John Humphrey, of Warren County, 111., was a Colonel in the Black Hawk War. Mr. and Mrs. Hobbs are fine people, and are in every way worthy of the high regard in which they are held by the people among whom thej- have settled. They have had six children, four sons and two daughters, of whom the following is recorded : George F. was a young married man of thirty-six 3'ears when he died, his wife having died before him; John, who is married, owns and occupies a large tract of land which his father purchased in Cass County, Mo.; Jane married James Walhice, a druggist at Lewis- town, and they have one daughter; Addison, who bought of his father the old home place of two hundred acres of land l\'ing near Marietta, is mar- ried and has two sons and four daughters; Martha married A. J. Franklin, a merchant of Los Angeles. Cal., and the}' have three children; William, at home, living on the farm near his father, is mar- ried and has three children. -^5=?- ENRY I. WEAVER is numbered among I) the enterprising stock farmers of Deerfield Township. He sells but a portion of grain but devotes the entire produce of his faira to the stock which he raises and buys. His home is on the old homestead, which consists of eighty acres on section 3, all under good cultivation, well PORTRAIT AM) BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUiM. '267 improved and abundantly supplied with whatever is needful in order to successfully prdseiule the owner's occiii):ition. Mr. "Weaver is a representa- tive of a family long known and highly honored in this eoiuity. where settlement was made by his grandparents in the spring of 1835. During the period of mure than half a century that has elapsed since then, the record of the family and tlH>se who have married into it has been one of exceptional morality. Not only have they been free from haliitnal profanity, drunkenness and other vices, bnt they have also escaped arrest for any cause how- ever slight, and have lived in peace and harmony with those about them. William Weaver, grandfather of our subject, was born in Lancaster County, Pa., in 1791. His wife, Mary Cornwell, was born in Washington County, Mav 14, 1797, and their marriage rites were cele- brated at Cannonsbury. In April, 1H35, the couple located on section 2, Deerfield Township, this county, where the wife died April 19, 1855, and the husband April 1 1, 1879. In the family of this good couple was a son Joshua, whose birth took place in Green County, Pa., December 30, 1820. After reaching years of maturity he won for his wife Eliza A. Martin, who was born in Muhlenburg County, Ky., May 19, 1826, but at ihe time of her marriage was living in this county. The wedding took place in Deerfield Township October 21, 1^51, and the union has resulted in the birth of three sons and one daughter. Mr. and Mrs. Joshua Weaver are now living in Ellisville. The gentleman whose name introduces this sketch is the third son born to thecou|)le just men- tioned, and opened his eyes to the light of day March G, 1859. He has spent his entire life in the township among whose citizens he has high rank, and to her public schools owes his educational train- in". He remained an inmate of his parents' home until his marriage, when he established himself on the homestead, buying the land from his father. The lady whom he won for his helpmate and com- panion and with whom he was united in marriage December 20, 1882, bore the maiden name of Marmry K. Mitchell. She is a daughter of Mathew H.and Calphurnia (Wheeler) Mitchell, and like her husband, was born in Deerfield Township, her natal day having been May 24, 1863. Her father was born in Montgomery County, this Slate, and her mother in New York. Mr. and Mrs. ^\'eaver of this sketch are the par- ents of three bright boys — IIari-y Dale, born Au- gust 12, 1883; Joshua Clare, born April 13, 1885; Ross, born September 26, 1889. Mr. Weaver is a Republican and takes suflicient interest in politics to be at the jioUs every election daj- and cast a straight ballot. lie has served in the capacity of Township Supervisor and School Director. He and his wife belong to Ellisville Lodge, No. 401, I. O. G. T., and are members of the Methodist flpisco- pal Church. Mr. Weaver is Recording Secretary of the congregation at the Sharon Church and ."super- intendent of the Sunday-sehool, and lakes a deep interest in church work. He and his wife are highly regarded by the members of the community, per- petuating as they are the excellent record of the Weaver familj-. ILLIAM MELLOR, a well-known member of the bar, practicing his profession in A'er- ^y/ mont. was a brave olllcer in the late war in which he did noble service for his adopted eountr\\ He has long taken a prominent part in Ihe civic and political life of county and town, and has filled with abilit}', many olllccs of trust and re- sponsibility. Royton, a place near Manchester, England, was where our sul)ject w.as born May 23, 1830. His father, William ]Mellor,was a native' of ibe same town and was a son of another William Mellor, who was also a native of that town and his father and great-grandfather were born in the villnyo of Mellor, three miles from Royton. The grcai-great- grandfather of our subject was a miller and man- aged a mill on the River Irk, and spent his entire life there. The great-grandfather of our subject seems to have inherited his father's trade and made his living by it in his native village of Melloi-, of which he was a life-long resident. The grandfatlier of our subject w.as reared to agriciilluial [)uisuits, 268 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. and after marriage removed to Raj'ton, en ojaged iu farming near there,and there made liis Lome until lie was gathered to his fathers. The father of our subject was reared and edu- cated in Royton. He removed to Manchester in 1833 and engaged in the cotton brokerage business until his death in 1812. He married Susannah Kaye. She was born near Royton and was a daughter of James J. Kaye, a native of the same place, as were his ancestors for many generations. He was a far- mer and spent his entire life in the town of his birth. Mrs. Mellor died in Manchester in 1851. 8he and her husband reared a family of six chil- dren as follows : Susannali, Betsey, Hannah. Travis, William and James. Travis and William were the only members of the family who ever came to America. Travis settled at Bushnell. this State, and still resides there. William Mellor. of this sketch, attended school near iliddleton and received an excellent educa- tion. In 1847, he carae to America, accompanied bj' his bride, setting sail from Liveipool in the good ship "Enterprise" of the Black Ball line, and landing at New York, in the month of August. They came directly to Illinois to join his brolhei. coming bj- the Hudson River and Erie Canal to Buffalo, and thence bj' Lake Erie to Pennsj'lvania, where the}' traveled on the canal to Beaver, that State, and from there to Alleghany, Ohio, and thence to the Mississippi and uji that river and the Illinois to Sharp's landing in Schuyler Count}-, and from there by team to McDonough County. Mr. Mellor was employed in farming there until the fall of 1848,and in the spring of 1849,caine from there to Vermont, and began life here as a clerk for Stephens it Wynans. He was with them three and one-half years and then engaged in the mer- cantile business as a member in the 6rm of Heizer ewisl(.iwn Township; Martha K., wife of Eugene Churchill, who resides ii; Buckhearl Town- ship. ORRISON DARLAND is one of the old- est settlers in the county and ranks with the leading farmers, allhough he is now ' retired from active labor, tlic manage- ment of the estate being in the hands of his sons, lie lias been a very hard-working man and well de- serves the rest he is enjo3'ing and the competence he has secured. He owns a valuable tract of land in Young Hickory Township, comprising three hundred and twenty acres on sections 1 o and 25, and another tract of forty acres on section 11. Our subject is the fourth child of Isaac and •lane (Morrison) Darland. His father was Ijorn in Kentucky, grew to manhood there and then made his way to Ohio, locating in Preble County. There he married the good wom.an who shared his joys and sorrows for many years. Like liimself, she was a native of the Blue (irass Stale. After iiis marriage Jlr. Darland cleared a farm, which was his home until the death of his wife, when he be- came an inmate of the households of his c hildren. He spent two years in this county, but returned lo Ohio prior to his demise. Politicall3-, he was an old-line Whig. Tln' mem- l)ers of the parental family arc: John, who died in Ohio; Benjamin, now living in Marble Rock, Iowa; Harrison, who died in Ohio; our subject; Xan Lew, who (lied in Iowa; Nathan, a resident of Kansas; Isaac, who died in that State; Hannah and Catherine, who died in Ohio. Van Lew be- longed to an Iowa regiment in the Civil AVar and contracted a disease from which he dicrl soon alter his return lo his home. Our subject was born near Paris, Preble County, Ohio, November 8, 1812. His school privileges were limited, consisting of attendance in the win- ter in the old-fashioned log schoolhouse, where instruction was su|)|)lied under the subscription 272 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. system. He was eavly set to work on the farm, and being unusu.illy large and strong for his years, had to put his slioulder to the wheel in quite heavy labor. Being obliged to chop, burn and clear timber, he early became an adept at using the ax. He remained with his father long after he was of age and was the last of the boys to leave the home fireside. The idea finally grew upon him of visiting the broad prairies of Illinois, of which he had heard so much, and of selecting a location in which to make himself a home. He. therefore, in 1835, came on horseback through the Indiana and Illinois mud to this county, where he soon purchased land. Mr. Darland located near Fairview on a quar- ter section, and bu3'ing another horse, set to work to improve his estate. He built a rude log house and other necessary buildings, and when the land was somewhat improved had an opportunity to sell it to advantage. He, therefore, disposed of it and bought an equal amount east of Fairview, this also being raw land. Here he used cattle in break- ing the sod and cultivating the soil. In those early days the market was Copperas Creek Laud- ing, to and from which all produce and goods must be hauled. The principal crops at that time were wheat and rye, whereas at present the fields are mostly covered with corn. Mr. Darland split hun- dreds of rails with which to fence his farm, and otherwise exerted his powerful physical forces, which were far above the average. About 1845 Mr. Darland sold his property in Fairview Township and bought one hundred and sixty acres of his present estate, already somewhat improved. He added to the permanent work which had been done. He now has a growing orchard of five acres of apple and peach trees, which he set out on land grubbed by himself at noons, when, as he says, he was resting. Energj- and perseverance secured the meed of success, and year by year the circumstances of our subject improved. In 1870 he bought an additional quarter section adjoining his first purchase in the township, paying §40 per acre. This he has also improved, making two farms with the necessary- buildings. His forty-acre tract is timber land. He has always raised a good grade of cattle and hogs, and has also bred some very line drafi anil diiving horses. He is an ex- cellent judge of horse tlesli, and his farm has been well supplied with equines. About a decade since he retired from active life, and his sons are car- rying on the work which he so well instituted. The first marriage of Mr. Darland took place in Fairview Township, June 2, 1838. His bride was Miss Ann Shreeves, who was born in Franklin Count}', December 19, 1809. Her father, Thomas Shreeves, is numbered among the early settlers of this county. The death of Mrs. Ann Darland oc- curred October 26, 1850. .She left &ve children — Milton I., Mar}' J., Benjamin M., Marion Foster and Thomas S. Mary J. is now the wife of Asa White, of Young Hickory Township; Benjamin M. enlisted in Company B., One Hundred and Third Illinois Infantry, during the first year of the war, was taken sick, sent home on a furlough and died about a year after his eni-ollment. The other chil- dren died here. January 26, 1851, Mr. Darland was united in marriage with Mrs. Jane ( Rest) Henry, the cere- mony taking place in Young Hickory Township. The bride was a daughter of Jacob Rest, was born near Connellsville, Pa., February 24. 1820, and lived in her native place until nineteen years old. She had no school advantages and is self-educated, and has likewise acquired a good knowledge of the domestic arts. Her manners are those of a friendly, gracious woman, who meets with due respect from her acquaintances. In 1838 she accompanied her parents to this county, coming overland and being four weeks on the way. She remained at home until her marriage to Jacob Henry, July 2, 1841. The husband was born in >iew Jersey, came to this county with his uncle in the early days, and engaged in farming. He often hauled wheat to Chicago,wlien two weeks were consumed in the trip. After mar- riage Mr. and Mrs. Henry located on Spoon River, in Young Hickory Township, where the husband died in 1846. He owned a good farm, but the administrator took such advantage of the widow that she lost the little estate. She had two children, a son and a daughter. John enlisted in Company B, One Hundred and Third Illinois Infantry, in 1862. At Chattanooga he was shot in the leg. ne- cessitating the amputation of that nienilicr. A ii t PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 275 seconrl amputation became necessary, and this caused his ih'ath. Tlie daugliter, Hiuinah. raairied J. S. McFailand and lives in London Mills. Tlie present Mrs. Darland is the mother of four cluldren bj- her last union. The first-born, .lo- sopli, a prominent farmer in Fairview Township, is represented elsewhere in this work; Eliza and Ellen are deceased; Morrison W., an enterprising _vouth, is in charge of the home farm. Mrs. Dorland is a member of the Christian (liurch. Some facts regarding her ancestry may be found in the biog- iai)liy of Mrs. Lewis Shofers, wiiich is included in this Album. Mr. Darland has been Commissioner of High- ways, School Director and Trustee at various limes. He has served on grand and petit jnries. In politics he stanehly supports Democracj', never failing to east his vote for the candidates who are pledged to uphold its principles. ^ ACOr. BROWN. The life of this gentleman, whose portrait is represented on the oppo- site page, and who is one of the wealtiiiest farmers of the county, furr^ishes a good les- son to youths who must begin their careers as he did, with no means. A perusal of the following paragraphs will indicate by what means he has con- quered adverse circumstances, and gained his pre- sent proud position among his fellow-men. He is l)roliably of Irish ancestry in the paternal line, as his grandfather Brown, wiio is known to iiave been a Revolutionary soldier, is believed to have been a native of the Emerald Isle. From Ills maternal an- cestors Mr. Brown derives a capacity for iiard work, rigid economy, and persistence which almost in- variably eiiaracterize those of Germ.an lineage. Grandfather Brown is numbered among the early settlers of Ohio, wiiere he followed farming until his death. There his son, George, tiie father of our subject, was born and reared, following in the father's footsteps sis a tiller of the soil. He held various local offices in the township in which he lived, was Democratic in politics, and quite radical in his views. At the time of his dealii, which oc- curred in Licking County, he was a member of the Presbyterian Church. He lived to the advanced age of four-score and ten years. His wife was Nancy Lamb, a native of Germany, who came to America with her parents when eighteen years old. She was living in Harrison County, Ohio, when married to Mr. Brown. She was a consistent mem- ber of the Methodist Church until her death, which occurred when she was seventy-one years old. She bore him twelve children, and reared eleven to ma- turity, namely: Raciiel, Jane, Jackson, William, Susan, Jacob, Mar}- Ann, Nancy, Joseph, Sarah and Washington. The maternal grandfather of our subject was John Lamb, a (Tcrman who emigrated to America when in middle life. He was almost penniless when he reached this country, but settled in Ohio, and industriously following a farmer's life, accumulated considerable property. He lived to a ripe old age, honored and respected as a worthy citizen, and con- sistent church member. He and his wife were buried at Moorefield, Harrison County, Ohio. The subject of this biographical notice, w.as born February 24, 1826, in Harrison County, Ohio, reared on a farm, and spent his boyhood in home duties, and attending school. The building in which he pursued his studies, was a rude log schoolhouse with a large open firepl.ace, puncheon .seats, a log out out for a window, and no desk, but a slab fast- ened to, the wall, and extending around the room for a writing table. Mr. Brown began life on his own account when of age, his first emijloyment be- ing farm work at ^4 per month. After receiving those wages eight months, he was able to obtain -^7 per month. In IMarch, 1848, he came to this county via the rivers, landing at Havana with but §5 in his pocket. His capital was industry, and he soon found use for it with Nathan Strode, for whom he worked nine months at ^13 per month. For three years after his arrival here 5Ir. Br<;wn worked on farms by the day or month, saving $2.50 of his earnings, and becoming the possessor of a good horse besides. With the money he made the first payment on eighty acres of land on section 21 , Isabel Township, getting seven years' time on the balance of the ><700, at which the place was valued. Long before this time had expired he was able to 276 PORTRAIT AND P.IOO UAl'HICAL ALBUM. pay off his indebtedness, and buy other property. He has purchased land from time to time until he now owns nearly twelve hundred acres, the greater part of which is under a higli state of cultivation. His first residence was an 18x20 foot, one story frame, in which he lived until I860, when he built his present mansion, one of the finest in the countj'. It also is a frame, well designed and finely built, the cost having been 64,010 in cash, besides the owner's own labor. Mr. Brown built his main barn In 1860, and at a later date erected two others and two granaries. He has farmed verj- extensively, and raised a great deal of stock, winning his great- est success in grain, wool, and hogs. 51 r. Brown secured for his life companion. Miss Priscilla Cornell, between whom and himself mar- riage rites were celebrated August 23, 1853. Mrs. Brown was born in Meigs County, Ohio, October 26, 1834, and is a daughter of William and Mary (Westfall) Cornell. Both parents were born in Virginia, whence the mother went to Ohio with her parents in an early day. Mr. Cornell removed to the Buckeye State upon attaining his majoi'ity, and was one of the early settlers and farmers in Meigs County. He was a member of the Methodist Church, and a Republican in politics. Mrs. Cor- nell was also a Methodist. She died at the early age of twent3'-four years, leaving three children — Priscilla, Lj'dia.T., and Richard. Tlie family of Mr. and Mrs. Brown consists of ten children living, and one deceased: Thomas A. was born June 19, 1854; Marj' E., June 17, 1856; Nancy E., March 11, 1858; George N.. December 10, 1860; William R., November 27, 1862; Robert E., December 24. 1864; Rosetta J., April 21, 1867; Harvey R. July 3, 1869; Calvin J., September 20, 1871; Harry M., June 7, 1874; Frederick A., April 19, 1880. Harry died May 25, 1888, in his four- teenth year. The mother of this interesting famil}' is a member of the Methodist Church, has manj' friends throughout the community, and in home and social life has been useful in her day and gen- eration. The father, honest in his dealings, intel- ligent, reliable and kindl}', maj- well be considered one of the most worthy citizens of the county. He has held various local offices in his township, is in- terested in divers good works, and ready to bear such a part as he can in the progress of the coun- try. Prior to the Rebellion, he was a Democrat, but since that time has been a Re|)ubliean. |>;ILLIAM' ATEN was a pioneer of this county, and is one of the most highly es- fj teemed residents of Woodland Township, with whose agricultural growth he has been closely connected for more tiian forty years. In the mean- time he has developed a choice farm, pleasantly located on section 7, from the wilderness that he found when he came here, and has placed it under substantial improvement. Our subject was born in that section of West Virginia known as the Pan Handle, October 8, 1821. His father, William Aten, was a native of New Jersej', while his grandfather, Aaron Aten, is supposed to have been a native of Delaware. Richard Aten, the great-grandfather of our sub- ject, was probably a native of Long Island. The first representative of the Aten family to come to America came from Belgium, and landed on these shores in 1741. The great-grandfather of our sub- ject ran a ferrj' on the Delaware River, and lived to be quite an old man. Aaron Aten served in the Revolutionary War six months, and took part in the battles of Braudywine and Germantown. He was once wounded in the leg. He farmed in Dela- ware until 1792, and then moved to Western Penn- sylvania, and settled at the point where Beaver, Washington and Alleghen}^ Counties come together. He made the trip over the mountains with a team and wagon, and was one of the very first settlers in that part of the State. He erected a log cabin and cleared a farm, on which he spent the remnant of his life, d^'ing at the age of eighty-two years. He was a very religious man, and was first a mem- ber of the Dutch Reformed Church and later of the Presbyterian. The father of our subject passed his early life on a farm in Pennsylvania, and after marriage moved across the line into West Virginia. He bought two hundred acres of land there, and cleared half of it. He was a man of persevering industr3% and by thrift PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 277 and euoiiom}- became quite well-to-do. He was a faithful raemher of the Presbyterian Church. His death occurred on his homestead in West Virginia at the age of eighty-four years. .Jane (Anderson) Aten, his wife, was, so far as known, a native of Virginia. She was a kind motherly woman, and a member of the Seceders* Church. She died at the age of flfly-two years. Seven of the eight children wliom she bore grew to maturity: Aaron II., John ('.. Richard, Koliert. William, Mary (Mis. Mc- CliHg) and Nancy. William Anderson, the maternal grandfather of our subject, was a native of Ire- land, and when a young man cane to this country and settled in Pennsylvania, where he engaged in his occupation as a farmer. He was a member of the Seceders' Church. He died in Pennsylvania, just as he had attained tiie meridian of life. William Aten, of this sketch, was reared on his father's farm in Hancock County, Ya., and at- tended the pioneer schools of the period, taught in log schoolhouses, with slab benches, open fire- places and greased paper windows. When a young man he served two years at the tailor's bench, and so injured his health that he made atrip South to recuperate. He spent two years in that region, and then returned Northward. At the age of twenty-one he began life for himself, and after that spent one year on the old home place, and then came Westward. He landed in this county in the month of March. 1844, and entered three forty- acre tracts, walking to (^uincy, 111., a distance of ninety miles, to make the entry at the land-oflice. Two of these forty -acre tracts were in \'ermont Township, and one in Astoria. He erected a hewed log house on his land in the former place, and cleared several acres of his hoiliestead. I'our 3'ears later he sold out, and bought the one hun- dred and sixtj' acres on section 7. in Woodland Township on which he now resides. A log cabin, a log barn, and a few acres cleared, constituted all the improvements, and all else that has been done to make it what it is to-d.ay, one of the neatest and most attractive farms in the localit}', is the work of his own hand. He lived in the old logcal)in four years, and then replaced it by another more commo- dious, in which he dwelt until 1873, when he erected his present substantial, roomy brick resi- dence. He has been an indefatigable worker, and has prospered abundantly. He has always kept a book account of his sales of produce, stock, etc., and in the forty years he has lived on this place has sold over $40,000 worth of produce. Maj' 14, 1846, was the date of the marriage of our subject with Eli/.id)eth Pittenger, who w.as born in \'irginia in 1824. They have had ten children, namely: Melissa J., Sarah C, Elizabeth, Emma, .Tohn P., William N., Frank, Henry M., Ida JI. and Mary E. Mr. Aten and his wife have been con- nected with the Presbyterian Church since 1841, and he has been an Elder since 1854. The sin- cerity of their Christian faith is exemplified in their daily lives, which are guided by the highest princi- ples of right. Politically, Mr. Aten was reared a Democrat, and was a follower of that part\- imtil 18(50. He then changed to Republicanism on ac- count of his hatied of slavery, and remained with the Republican part}' until six years ago, when he identified himself with the Prohibitionists. He is a thoroughly upright, moral m;m, and is zeal- ous in all good works to promote the religions and social welfare of his township. Mr. Aten has a wide acquaintance on account of his man_y years resi- dence in this county, and occupies a warm (jl.ace in the hearts of the entire community, by whom he is affectionately known as "Uncle Billy." ORSEN BEARCE, the owner and occu|)ant of a well-improved farm in Lewistown Township, is numbered among the intelli- gent, industrious and prosperous .agriculturists of this productive count}'. His home farm com- prises one hundred and tweni}' acres upon which a line brick house has been erected, together with a full line of frame barns, granaries, sheds, etc. iAIr. Bearcc owns another Irjict of improved land, con- sisting of eighty acres on section 10, and a forty- acre tract on section 4. Eli A. Bearce. the father of our subject, was born in Connecticut, his father, .losiah Bearce, being |)resumably a native of the same State. The latter spent his last 3'ears in New York of which his son 278 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. lia'i become a resideut. Eli Benree remained in his native State until sixteen years ok), when heaccom- paniel Dr. Beecher to New York, intending to stud}' medicine with that gentleman. On the death of the Doctor, which occurred soon after, the j'oung uian abandoned his intention and turned his talents to account in teaching school during the winter and farming during the remainder of the year. He was married in the Empire State iu 1816, and continued to reside there until 1821. when he determined to emigrate to the West. He built a flatboat at Olean Point, loaded his goods, and with his wife and two children floated down the Alleghany and Ohio Rivers to Sliawnectown, 111. A forty-acre tract of land in New York had been traded by Mr. Bearce for a cjuarter section now in- cluded in Fulton County. His means were very limited, however, and he did not think best to un- dertake life in tlie wilderness, therefore renting a tract near Shan'neetown he remained there three years. In April. 1S21, he made his way to Fulton County with a team, but even then did not locate on the land for which he had traded. He rented a fariu near Lewist^wn which at that time contained one store, a log jail, log courthouse, its few inhabi- tants living in log houses. At the close of the season Mr. Bearce traded a yoke of oxen and a wagon, for one hundred acres of land two and one-half miles north of the village .ind in 1825 built a log house thereon to which he removed his family. Indians were still more num- erous than whites throughout this section, and for a number of years deer, wild turkeys and other game was abundant. There were no railroads for many years, the river towns being the nearest markets. The pioneer labors of 'Sir. Bearce were brought to a close by his death, February 18, 1857. He was a soldier in the \Var of 1812. The maiden name of the mother of our subject w.as Sarah Austin. She was a native of the Emjjire Stateand spent her last years with her children. She reared seven children, the second of whom is the subject of this biographical notice. Hannah mar- rit'd Jacob Shaw ver and now lives in Lewistown; Lu- cinda is the wife of Jonathan Bordner,of Lewistown township; Maria, who is now deceased, w.as the wife of Moses Bordner, who died in Lee Township in 1889; Franklin is now living near Clarinda, Iowa; Mary is the wife of James U'interbottom, their home being in Kansas. Orsen Bearce was born in Monroe County, N. Y., April 1, 1819, and w.is therefore two years old when he became a resident of Illinois. He was reared on the farm in the development of which he early liegan to bear such a part as his strength would permit. His studies were carried on in the pioneer schools first taught in the log house with its homemade furniture, the only desk being a board around the side of the building, at which the larger scholars did their writing. The facts noted in re- gard to his parents' home and surroundings are sufficient to indicate the manner of life under which he became persevering, industrious and vigorous. He remained with his parents until he was twenty- three years old, although he had previously begun the improvement of a portion of the farm which he now occupies. His first purchase was of eighty .icres, to which he soon added forty acres, the whole being heavily timbered when bought by him. Its present beautiful appearance and good value is a standing monument to the qualities which he has exhibited since boyhood. March 23, 1842, Mr. Bearce was united in mar- riage with Betsy Brown,a native of Licking County% Ohio, who p.assed away September 9, 1852. after a comparatively brief wedded life. She was the mother of five children whose record is as follows: Icy Ann married Jonas Evans and now lives in Ne- braska; Catherine, who is now dead, was the wife of John Hunter; Sarah L. married Aaron Orrindale, their home being near Bradford, Stark County: Frances married Henry Ryan and lives iu Lewis- town Township; Leonard died in infancy. Mr. Bearce was again married. April 3, 1853, his com- panion on this occasion being Miss Jane Mc- Neil, a native of Lewistown and daughter of one of the hardy pioneers of this county. Her father was John McNeil, a native of Hillsboro, N, H.,who removed with his parents to Indiana, where he was married when about twenty-one years old to .Sarah, daughter of Jacob and Margaret (Smith) Young- man, pioneers of the Hoosier State. Mr. McNeil after locating in this county followed his trade of a carpenter in Lewistown. finally opening a cabinet PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 279 shop which he operated some j'ears. but eveiilually biiyiiiij; a farm north of town and turning: his at- tention to agriculture, lie died on liis estate in Fel)- ruary, l.SfJT. lie was originally a Whig and later a Re|)ublican in politics, and he and his wife lielonged to the Methodist Kpiscojial Church. The parents of Jolui McNeil were Daniel aud Martha (Parker) McNeil, the father being a farmer in his native New England many years. After spending some time in Indiana he finally became a pioneer of this count}', locating near Astoria where he continued his agricultural labors for a long period. His death took place at the home of his son in Lewistown. His wife was born in London- derry, N. H., being a daughter of Alexander and Nancy (Dickey) Parker,the latter of whom was the daughter of William and Elizabeth Dickey, who settled in Londonderry immediately after their emigration in 1725. Mrs. Daniel McNeil died on the farm near Astoria when full of years. Our subject and his present wife have ten chil- dren: Reuben now lives in Ltwistown Township, established in a home of his own ; Eliza is the wife of Frank Lee, her home being in the same town- ship; Annie, John, Charlie, Jacob, Nellie, Frank, and tvvo who died in infancy complete the family circle. Mr. Bearce was formerly a Whig but has been a Republican since the formation of the party. He is a member of Lewistown Lodge, No. 104, F. & A. M. lie is a believer in the doctrine of univer- sal salvation. ^^E E^ ^f^RANCIS M. WILLIAMS. Prominent TsSi' among the citizens of Fulton County wiio \ have materially contributed to its prosper- ity, is the subject of this sketch. He is one of its ablest and most brainy farmers and stock-raisers, and has been a conspicuous figure in its civic life for many years. He is the proprietor of one of the largest and best equipped farms in Harris Township, and here he and his family have one of the best appointed and most attractive homes in this part of the State. Our subject is the representative of an old pio- neer family of Illinois, and many incidents of Lis early life here are of interest and are incorporated in this biography. He was born in Adams County, Ohio, December 1, 1833. His parents, John and Nancy (Smullcv) Williams, were natives of the same place. The Williams family originated in Wales, and the Smalley family was of mingled Irish and Dutch extraction. His mother was the daughter of Isaac and Nancy Smalley, who came from the East, crossing the Alleghanys with pack horses. David Smalley, the father of Isaac, who was the descendant of an old American family, served in the Revolutionary War. He was a per- sonal actpiaintance of Gen. W^asliington, and it is said that in early life he had many a bout with him in wrestling, but it is not stated which was the best man. John WMUiams was the son of John and Mary "Williams, who went from Maryland to Ohio in a very early day. John Williams, Sr., had two sons in the War of 1812. In 1836 John Williams, Jr., the father of our subject came to this State with his family, and lo- cated in Winnebago County, near where the city of Rockford now stands, there being then but one house on the present site. He had come from Ohio with three yoke of oxen and a prairie schooner, and making good time, was but six weeks on the road. He squatted on a piece of land, and when he first settled there was surrounded by In- dians who came to his house to beg. All the fam- ily had to eat, except some wild meat, which was very scarce, was cornuical made by pounding corn in an old iron kettle with a wooden pestle. Mr. Williams made a little addition to their fare by raising some buckwheat on the sod, which was ground in an old-fashioned coffee mill. After he had lived there three years, a man came along with a load of hogs which he was taking to Galena, and l\Ir. Williams bought one. This was the first ani- mal of the kind introduced into the county, and our subject, then a child of five or six years, made of it a great pet, and would stay with it for hours at a time. His sole playmates in his early youth were the little Indians of the Pottawattomie tribe, and in pl.aying with them he became familiar with their language, ami could speak it quite well. He can remember the ccreinunics at that time of the 280 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. death of a chief of the tribe, whom his men placed on a log, which they chipped off with their tomahawks, with his gun, tomahawk, pipe and tobacco around him. The3" built a fence around this novel bier, on which the Sachem lav until his skeleton fell to pieces. Ills last resting place was right on the ground where the city of Bclvidere now stands. Mr. Williams' first trip to mill was with an ox- team and cart loaded with corn, and he journeyed to where the city of Joliet now stands. He was gone from home three weeks, as he iiad to go into camp and wait his turn, so many had preceded him. His wife was much worried about his long absence and almost gave him up as dead, as she heard nothing of hira from the time he started out until his return. Their place was only about four miles from the battle ground of Stillnian's defeat, which occurred in the Black Hawk War. They left there in 1844. and removed to McLean County near where the town of Lexington now is and eigh- teen miles from Bloomington. In the fall of 1847 the family came to the faim where our subject now lives and here his parents passed their remaining years, he dying in 1868 and she in 1873. They 'had six children, all of whom survive except one, John Jefferson, who died when young. The others are: Sarah Jane, our subject, Elizabeth, Isaac N., and Andrew Allen. F. M. Williams, of this biographical review, gained his early education as best he could. He being the eldest child, much depended on him in helping his father carry on his farming. But he wiis ambitious to train his mind, he being studious and scholarly, and he attended one term at the Farroington Academy, then entered Hedding Col- lege, at Abingdon, where he pursued a fine course of studj-. He was thus well equipped for his chosen calling, that of farming, and he returned to the homestead and resumed the pursuit of agriculture. In 1862 he married Miss Sarah Foster, a native of this county, born near Fairview, and a daughter of William and Hannah Foster. Her parents came here from near Columbus, Ohio, and were very early settlers of this section of the State. Of this marriage ten children have been born to our sub- ject and his amiable wife, of whom eight are now living and are with their parents. They are named as follows: Florence D., who has been well edu- cated and carefully trained for a teacher, to which profession she has devoted herself for three j'ears, and is regarded as one of the best in the county; Odus C, an enterprising young man; Harry L., Charles C, Idola A., Adda V., George Emerson, and Chalmers C, the youngest member of the fam- ily. Mary May, the third child, died at the age of sixteen years; Luella died in infancj*. After marriage Mr. Williams moved to Lee Township, and bought seventj- acres of land in its native wildness. which he brought under the plow in the course of a few years, and he adnglaiid and emigrated to New Jersey. He married a Scotch lady who bore a family among whom was a son, Robert 1). The latter was bom in Warren County. N. .1., and until thirteen years old lived in his native State. He then went to Clermont County, Ohio, with his parents, traveling in the oldlirae fashion with a wagon and team. He hel|)ed clear a farm and soon began dealing in horses. While still but a youth he would buy horses and drive them to New Jersey for sale. After his mar- riage he ran an hotel at Ivlcnton some fifteen years and also carried r a pai-t in other la- bors, being able to fill the place of a full hand in the harvest field when fourteen ^ears old. He has helped break ))rairie with oxen, and has a consider- able knowledge of the labors necessary in develop- ing a new country. His school privileges were somewhat limited, but he has always endeavored to keep posted regarding general topics of interest, and fit himself for accurate calculations in business affairs. Young Tliompsou remained with his fatiier until he was of age, then rented a farm belonging to his Ijareuts for five years. At ihe expiration of that period he made Warren Count}' his home one year, still pursuingthe calling of a farmer. In February, 1882, he came to London Mills, bought an old building, converted it into a store and put in a stock of hardware. The following Ma\- he built a frame store,the first large one in the town, which was 20x40 feet. Into this he put his goods but in Jul}' sold out and rented the store. He then engaged in the sale of agricultural implements and finding his new enterprise a success, put his goods into his own building in 1884. There he carried on his busi- ness until 1 886, when he sold the building and opened an establishment on his present site. He bought an eighth of a block, put up a building with sheds for machinery, and now sells all kinds of agricultural implements, including windmills and pumps, has a good trade in buggies, and also carries harness. Having begun at the bottom of the ladder, he has worked his waj' upward step b}' step until he has reached a position of prominence among business men. He owns several town lots upon which he has built residences, one being occupied by himself. Mr. Tliompson was united in marriage with Miss Clara A. Nichols, in Knoxville, March 26, 1879. His wife was born in Galesburg, received an ex- cellent education there and was engaged in teach- ing for eight years. She is the daughter of John and Mary Nichols, formerly of Sweden. She is not only well educated, but possesses a noble Christian character and bears a prominent part in the various progressive and elevating movements of society. Mr. and Mrs. Thompson have one child, a bright boj' named Robert D. Mr. Thompson is now Justice of the Peace and serving his second term as Commissioner of High- ways. He was a member of the fii'st Village Board of Trustees, of which he was President one year, and has been Treasurer of the village. He belongs to London Lodge, No. 734. I. O. O. F., is Past Grand and has twice been a deleg.ate to the Grand Lodge. He firmly believes that the principles of Demo(;racy are best adapted to the welfare of the Nation and therefore supports them with his vote and personal influence. He has won a prominent position in social circles, as well as in municip.al and business affairs. Mrs. Thompson is Secretary of the Women's Christian Temperance Union, of London Mills and belongs to the Methodist Episcopal Church. \|]OHN C. MOORE came to Fulton County as early as 1843, and as one of its pioneers has ' done his share of the hard labor necessary to develoj) its agricultural resources. His work has been blessed to him. and he is now passing his declining years in honorable retirement, enjoy- ing the competence tjat he has gathered together. Mr. Moore was born in Washington County, Pa., December 17, 1817. He was reared and received his schooling in his native place, and in the early years of a stalwart manhood made his way to Ful- ton County, and cast in his lot with its early settlers. He first located on section 27, Bernadotte Town- ship, where he bought ninety acres of land which he improved into a good farm and there reared his children. After his last wife died he took up his residence with his j'oungest son and is still a wel- come inmate of his home. He still owns the old homestead, his son-in-law, Anthony C. Ernst, rent- ing the place. It is provided with the necessarj' buildings and the soil is admirably tilled, making it a verj' productive and valuable piece of propertj'. AVhen he first came here he was extensively engaged in raising sheep and in 1843-44 herded eleven hun- dred on the branch of the Spoon River. Mr. Moore was not married until after he came to this county. In 1845, he married Elizabeth J. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALRUM. 285 Walters, ami their iiiiinn brought to them four children, two sons ami two daughters, of whom the following is recorded: Mary Ann, tlie oldest, born November 16, 1845, died and was buried in the Walters Cemetery, in Hernadotte Township; Walter T., tlie next in order of birth, was born April C, 1847, married Mary L. St. Clair, and tiiey live in McDonongh County, 11!.; Martlia L., born in March, 1848, married Anderson Clark, and they lire on a farm of one hundred and sixty acres belonging to them in McDonougli County; William II., born October 6, 1851, married ^larllia, daughter of Joseph and Lucy J. McMillan, and they reside on their own farm of one liundred and sixty acres in Bernadotte Township. Mrs. Moore, tlie motiier of tliese children, departed this life June 28. 1852, and was buried in the Walters Cemetery. Our subject married for his second wife Miss Mary Jane Scott. They had four children born to them, two sons and two daughters, as follows: John I., born August 5, 1853, deceased ; Nancy A., born November 10, 1855, married Anthony C. Ernst, and they live on the old homestead on section 27; .Samuel R., born June 2, 1858, married Lucinda, daughter of Dr. J. M. and Mary E. Steel, and they reside on their own farm of ninety-six acres on section 27, of Bernadotte Township; Alice, born in January, 1862, died in the month of Jiilj-, the same year. Mrs. Moore's death occurred in August, 1862, and her mortal remains were placed in Wal- ters Cemetery. Tlie maiden name of Mr. Moore's third wife was Ellen C. McCullough. She lived until March 2, 1880, and then passed away, and is now sleeping her last sleep in Walters Cemetery. Our subject has led a peaceful, quiet life. He has never been on but one jury and that was Itefore a justice of the peace, and he never had a lawsuit in this country and has never testified as a witness. He has aimed to deal justly by his fellow-men and has been honorable in his dealings. He was for several years a School Director and Road master. The first vote he ever cast was for Gen. Harrison in 1840. He now gives his support to the man and not to the pai ty, and has not taken a very active part in ])olitics of late years. He is a worthy member of the Presbyterian Church and contributes liberally to thesu[)porl of the (iospel. Our subject comes of a long-lived and hardy race and has a I sister living at an advanced age. He has eighteen I grandchildren and one great-grandchild to perpetu- ate his name. )HOMAS BERRY. Among the residents of Fulton Cotmty who have prosecuted their life work successfully and are now enjoying the/ruits of their prudence and encrg3-,surrouiided with comforts, able to journey through scenes of beauty and grandeur and indulge in other recrea- tions suited to their years an- after they had passed Henry Berry's, two sheriffs from St. Louis came thither looking for such "property." The motlier of our subject was blind and the sheriffs pretended to her that tliey were abolitionists desirous of buying land near the Berrys, whom they knew to be of that stripe. They questioned her regarding runa- ways but having been satisfied from whisperings that she liad heard that all was not right, she gave them no satisfactory answers. They finally asked if any consideration would induce hir to tell tliem where the fugitives were. She replied that if she had the whole world she would give it for her eye- sight, but slic would not betray a slave or assist in restoring him to bondage. After watching the bridge over Sjjoon River two days and nights the sheriffs departed, their expected prey being by this time many miles away on their ro.ad to freedom. A somewhat amusing incident connected with the underground railroad was the remark of a very PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALHUM. 287 black but intelligent man who was brought to Mr. Horry's very late one ni!;lit. Wliilo the horses were being pri'ii.ired mother Rerry gave him food, and when doing so remarked thai it was raliier late at night to be traveling. The fugitive quietly responded "it suits my complexion better." Henry Berry was once arrested for helping fugitive slaves, the laws being very stringent, but the only thing that could be proven against liim was that he had said he saw the "nigger" kick a dog. As at the time he was lieli)iug a negro to Missouri in or- der tliat he might rescue his wife, it was thought a queer w.iy in helping to rescue a man to take him directly toward bondage. This man mack' three different trips before he managed to get liis wife away from slaver^-, coming on foot from Canada and undergoing man}' perils. Hewas very light and could easily pass for a white man under ordinary circumstances. For years Mr. Berry worked for tiie good of tlie Uepul)lican party, but lie is now laboring ar- dently for prohibition, standing high in the coun- cils of that political party and being a member of tlie rroliibition Club. SAAC B. WITCHELL, Postmaster of Vermont, is well known as an old settler of this place ili and is greatly respected for those qualities of head and heart that have won hiiu the esteem and confidence of all with whom he associates. He is popular in his otiicial capacity and is discharging the duties of his position witli eharacleristic (idelity and greatly to the satisfaction of all concerned. A native of Ohio. .Mr. Witchell was born in Bel- luont'County, June 12, 1818. He is a son of .lolin Witchell, who wr.s a native of Scotland. The fatlier of the latter, bearing the same name .as himself, was likewise of Scottish birth. He was reared and mar- ried in the land of the heather and removed from there to England. He established himself in the banking business in Leeds, ami in 1 806, emigrated to America and was an earlj' settler of Belmont County, Ohio. He bought an improved farm and resided there some years. He then sold his place and invested his money in a stock companj' and so lost all he li.ad. He returned to England and died in liecds. His wife, whose maiden name was Mary Tatehau, was also a native of Scotland, and she too died in Leeds. Thev reared three children — Mary, Ann and John. The latter was eleven ^ears old when he accom- panied his parents to America. He was bred on a farm, and lived with his parents until fifteen years old. He was then sent to the Weston school, a t^»ua- ker educational institution, and when not devoting his time to his books was engaged in working on a farm. He lived there three or four years, ac- quiring a substantial education, and then re- turned home. He engaged in farming in Belmont Count3\ and resided there with the exception of three jears spent in Guernsey County, until 1836. In that year he started with a three horse team for Indiana, taking his wife and children with him,and after his arrival located at Richmond. Two 3'ears were spent there, and then he removed to Henry County, where he bought an improved farm on which lie made his home until 181.'3. when he sold out and went to Jay Count}-. Three years later he came to ^'ermont, settled in the village and re- sided there some years. Kansas was his next des- tination and going there in 1859, he passed nearly four years in that State. Returning to this place, he died here about 1870. Prior tonu)ving to Kan- sas he and his wife went to England where they spent one year. The maiden name of the mother of our subject was Bathsheba Foulk. Her native place was in Bucks County. Pa. Her father, Iska Foulk, is thought to have been born in Scotland. He was marrieil in Pennsylvania, to .lane Barton, a native of that State. He was a farmer and weaver, de- voting a part of his time to each em|)loyuient. He died in Belmont County, Ohio. The mother of our subject departed this life in ^■ernlont in 1880. She reared three children, Jane, Mary and Isaac. Isaac M'itchell was about seventeen years old when he went to Indiana with his jiarents. and he continued to live with them until 18)0. In that year he came to ^'ermont and found here a small hamlet, and the surrcuiuding country sparsely set- tled and covered with liml)ei in wlilcli deer, wild 288 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. turkeys and other game roamed at will. Mr. Witc'liell began life here as an engineer in a steam gristmill, which position he held, four j'ears. After that he operated an engine at his father-in-law's mill three years. He then built a sawmill in con- nection with his fatherin-law and managed it suc- cessfully some years. He subsequently gave his attention to selling and repairing boilers through- out the country. He was thus profitably engaged ten years, and since then has carried on various kinds of business. In the year 1843, our subject secured a good and faithful wife in the person of Sarah A. Burr. She was a native of Harrison County, Ohio, and :i daughter of Jesse and Martha Burr. Her death July 11, 1865, was a severe blow to her family, for she was a true, womanly woman, possessing many excellent traits of character, that gained her the respect and consideration of all with whom she came in contact. The following six of the nine children born of her marriage with our subject were reared to maturity: Adeline, Burr, Eva, John, Martha and Walter. Mr. Witchell was in early life a Whig, and in in 1840, cast his vote for Gen. Harrison. He was in full sympathy with the organizers of the Repub- lican party, and as soon as it was formed fell into the ranks and has remained true to it ever since He was appointed Postmaster in March, 1889. His selection for the imp(jrtant office was a wise one and received the hearty api)roval of all his fellow- citizens. For fifty years he has been a strong Temperance man and has used his influence in forwarding the cause. He has taken an important part in the government of the village, and for three years was President of the Village Board. He is prominent in local politics and was Chairman of the township Republican Committee thirty years. In an account of the Asiatic cholera epidemic that raged in Fulton County in 1851, the unremit- ting and arduous services of our subject in caring for the sick and dying received honorable mention. While many fled from the scene of affliction, lie was one of the faithful few, who heroically stood at the post of duty to the bitter end. Night and d.ay from June until September, with character- istic self-sacrilicc, and pitying kindness, he admin- istered to the afflicted, doing all that he could to allay their distress, and he tenderly assisted in the burial of the dead. He witnessed many sad scenes with an aching heart. Men who assisted in bury- ing a victim of the dread disease in the morning, were often stricken with the cholera and would he dead before night. About seventy died in this neighborhood in a few weeks time, our subject be- ing one of the small number who escaped. EWIS LLOYD JONES, a prosperous far- )) mer and mine owner of Orion Township, having a fine farm, underlying which is a valuable strata of coal, is one of the prominent citi- zens of Fulton County and is active in its public life. He is of Welsh origin and antecedents, born in Mertli3r-T3'dfil, Glamorganshire, Wales, March 16, 1827. His parents, Thomas and Hannah (Lloyd) Jones, were natives of the same town, and there they spent their entire life, dying at an advanced age. The father was a miner by occupation. They had a family of twelve children, of whom the fol- lowing is the record: Thomas, born October 31, 1820, now lives at Dutch Gap, Luzerne County, Pa.; Benjamin, born September 11, 1822, is now a resident of Australia; William, born January 16, 1825, was killed by one of his subordinates while in English Government employ; Lewis L., our subject; Catherine, born January 31, 1829, died at home unmarried; Noah, born Februaiy 1, 1830, went to California and engaged in gold mining, and was there murdered in 1853 or 1854; Ruth, born January 1, 1833, married Thomas Jenkins, and died near Scranton, Pa.; Ebenezer, born December 10, 1834, now resides in Mason County, Mo.; Na- honii, born November 30, 1836, married John Blamey, and lives in Scranton, Pa.; Myriam, born September 1, 1838, is married and lives in Scran- ton, Ps.; Joseph, born March 20, 1841, now lives in Canton; Hannah, born September 26, 1843, mar- ried William Jones, and lives in Russia. The subject of this biography received a limited education in his native town, where he subsequently followed the occupation of a miner until 1849. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALIUM. 28 'J Ambitious to see more of life and to better his tinaiicial cMUnlition. in the opening years of a vigor- ous manlioud, he left liis old home on the ifith of February, in the year just mentioned, and em- barking on a sailinji-vessel at Liver|iool, Kngland, crossed the Atlantic to this country, landing at New Orleans about the ICtli of the following Ai)ril. From there he proceeded up the Mississip])! and JMissouri Rivers to Council liluffs, and thence went by ox-team to I'tah, where he engaged in farming the succeeding eight years. He was, how- ever, not satisfied with the country and his pros- pects there, and he then came eastward as far as St. Louis, Mo., and for five or six years was en- gaged in mining in that vicinity. He next came to Canton, in this State, and followed the same call- ing there until 1870. In that j^ear he bought the place where he now resides on section .SO, Orion Township. It comprises one hundred and sixty .acres of excellent farming land, whicli is well cultivated and is amply supplied with neatand sub- stantial buildings, and is in all respects a well- ordered farm. After locating on this place Mr. Jones soon began to prospect for coal, and finallj' developed a five foot vein of excellent quality, which he has continued to work up to the present time, and derives from that source a good income. Some years he has employed as many as thirty miners, but at present is working only five or six men in the winter season. While in Utah Mr. Jones was married, in No- vember, 1849, to Elizabeth (Morgan) Davis, widow of .lames Davis, who is a native of the same town as himself, and came to America in the same ves- sel on which he crossed the Atlantic. She has been to him a true wife, and is thoroughly devoted to his interests. Of their family the following is noted: Lewis M., now a farmer in Sheridan Count}', Neb.; Elizabeth, wife of Ephraim Grim, of Canton; Catherine, deceased; Thom.is, of Can- ton ; Margaret, wife of George Gilmore, of Canton; David, who died in infancy; and Hannah, who married Albert Kiser, and lives near the homestead. Hannah was adopted when a babe of a year old. William Davis Jones, a son of Mrs. Jones by her first marriage, lives at home and assists our sub- ject in the management of the farm. Since Mr. Jones has resided here he has been prominently identified with its public and political lite, and is a sound and consistent Democrat. He is a man of much energy, tact and businesis capac- ity, and his fellow-townsincn have not failed to recognize his superior merits and (pialitications. and have caHed him to responsible oltices. He has lilk'd the i)Osition of .Supervisor for four years, and is now prominently mentioned b}' his party for County Treasurer. Mr. .lones is a member of the Josephite, or anti-))olygamist branch of the Mormon Church, and is consideri^d one of the most substan- stantial as well as one of the best-respected citi- zens. — im^ — EMERSON CLARK, senior jmrtner in the firm of E. Clark cfe Hro., proprietors of Clark -J) Bros. Meat Market, Farmington. is undoubt- edly the most successful nnin in his lino in this town if not in the county, and he is tlic oldest butcher here. He is regarded as a man of exceptional in- tegrity and standing in the financi.al world, and he is [trominent in Masonic circles and in the public life of his community. Mr. Clark was born in Randolph, Mass., June 8, 1817. He is the son of Elislia V. Clark, a native of the same town as himself. His mother, Mehita- ble N. Thayer, was born in CJuincy, Mass. When he was a young man the father was a shoemaker for some years, and then went to (Juincy, where he was engaged .as a butcher from 1S14 to 1846. In the latter year he returned to Randolph, and was em- ployed in the same tr.ade there. In 1866 he de- cided to act on the suggestions and solicitations of his old-time friend, Alvin Kidder, (of whom see sketch on another page of this work) to come to Farmington and embark in the meat business here. Accordingly he removed with his entire family from bis Eastern home to this State. He was then in very ordinary' circumstances, but he acquired a competence from his business as proprietor of a meat market, and in 1877 sold out to his son of whom we write. The earl}' boyhootl and manhood of our subject were passed in his natire Massachusetts town, and 290 PORTRAIT a:SD BIOGRAPHICAL ALliUM. lie icceived his educalion in its public schools. He began to work at llie butcher business while 3-et a young man. and accumulated sufficient capital to buy his father out, as before mentioned. The first three years after he purchased the business he operated it alone, but in 1880 he formed a partner- sliip with his brother, and since that time it has been carried on under the firm name of E. Clark & Bro. In 1887 the brothers built their present tine brick store, which is 20x60 feet in dimensions, is fitted with all modern improvements, having ample conveniences for the preservation of fresh meats, etc. In no business does Farniington assume such a metropolitan air as in the meat market line, and certainly the establishment of E. Clark tt Bro., with its neat fixtures, would do justice to cities of far greater pretensions. The firm entered into the poultry and egg business in 1880 in connection with their meat trade, and they operate in Chicago and various other points in this State and in Iowa, buying and dressing poultry at four different places. Mr. Clark is rapidl}" becoming a wealth}' man. for besides his meat business, he has mone}' invested in real estate at Sioux Citj", Iowa, and at various other places in the AVest. Our subject is very liappy in his domestic rela- tions, having married in 1872. Sliss Emma Waite, who is to him all that a loving and devoted wife can be, and to their two children, Bessie W. and Eugene A'., is a tender and wise mother. Their pleasant residence is a commodious, two-story frame dwelling, finely located on the south side of Xer- non Street. Farmington. Mr. Clark is one of the most important factors in promoting the growth and prosperity of the village of Farmington. he being a progressive, lib- eral, public-spirited man, and in social and educa- tional matters he is pre-eminent. He joined the Masonic fraternitj' in the winter of 1868-69. He took the chapter degree at Yates Cit}- in 1870- 71. He took the order of Knighthood at Gales- burg in 1880 and has taken nine degrees in all and is one of the State lecturers of the order. In poli- tics he gives his allegiance to the Democratic party. He has never sought office but at the solicitation of his fellow-citizens he has at three or four different times within the past twelve years taken the posi- tion of Township Clerk, of which office lie is at present an incumbent; and he is also serving as City Clerk of Farmington, whicli position he has held six 3ears. from 187.j to 1880, and was chosen a second time in 1889. e)^»" lELT. GEORGE WASHINGTON CONE. It is a well-known fact that circumstances in may make or m.ir the prospects of a man to a certain extent, but a determined spirit will bend even the force of circumstances to its will. The career of Lieut. Cone since his arrival upon the stage of human action is abundant [iroof of this trite saying. The subject of our sketch is the fifth son of Jo- seph Cone, founder of Farmington, and a man of extensive fame. He was born in Harrington, Conn., July 10. 1821. and received an excellent education, attending the common sciiools, and afterward the academj- of his native place. He was onl\' a bo}' of tliirtcen summers when he came with his father to Illinois, and continued to live at home up to the time of his marriage. After his arrival in tliis State lie attended school at the Peo- ria Academy, which was at that time under the charge of the Rev. David Page. Possessing great natural ability and a fondness for study, our sub- ject found no difliculty in mastering the depths of •■hidden lore." Lieut. Cone w.as twice married. In 1850 he was united in hymeneal bonds with Miss Harriet Berge. daughter of Deacon Luther Berge. a famous Abol- itionist and temperance man. and well known to the pioneers of Illinois. To our subject and wife have been born four children, viz.: Cordelia, who died while in infancy; Frank, who died when six j'ears old; Everett Luther, who resides at home; and George C, who is a student at the I'niversity of Illinois, at Champaign. Our subject owns much real estate, and has lived in several different places, and carried on a [iros- perous dry-goods business at Elmwood for about seven years. But while he was enjoying life at PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUISI. 291 timt lime the war lnoke mil. and he eiilisteil in Com ■ panj' I, of tiie Scvent\-seveiilh Illinois Infantry, in tlie fall of 1862. Fie was under command of Col. Grier, who afterward became a (Jener.-il. The coinpany was mustered in at Peoria, and after a brief time spent there in drilling they left for the frontier, and our subj"et was elected Sergeant by the company. Their |)rospcctive point was Lex- ington, K}-.. and th"\- marched from Covington to Lexington, from there to Louisville, and from tliat citj- took a boat for Jlemphis and ^'ieks")urg■. and were present at the battle of \ieksburg. Thej- were eng.aged at Port Gibson, Haines Bluff, Arkan- sas Post, where they took six thousand prisoners. Champion Hill and Black Kiver Bridge. For val- iant service ou'- subject was promoted to be Lieuten- ant. In the battle of Vickshurg he was shot tbrought his left ankle, and was on crutches for eight months, and was honorably discharged on account of physical disal)ility at New Orleans in November, 1863. He returned home scarcely more than ,1 physical wreck, but with a war record of which an\' man may be justl\' proud. In politics he is in sympathy with the Republican part}-, but is no office-seeker. In 1863 he went to Memphis and bought mill property there, but sold same and never received pay for it, and this transaction pract'cally ruine wife of Jacob Rest and mother of Mrs. ^Schafer was Mary Orban, who was born in Vny- elte County, Pa., and died in Kllisville in 1874, when nearlj' four-score years old. She had twelve children, of whom we note the following: John is now living in Fairview Township; Mrs. Barbara Hamilton died in Liveriiool Township; IMrs. Jane Dorland lives in Young Hickory Township; Henry makes his home in Iowa; Mrs. Elizabeth White died in Y'oung Hickory Township; Mrs. Nancy Hendricks lives in Texas; Mrs. ^lary Hendricks lives in the same State; Mrs. Caroline Irons lives in Young Ilickor}' Township; the next on the family roll is the wife of our subject; Mrs. Julia A. Beer died in Deerfield Township; Jacob died in Young Hickory Township; Mrs. Rowena Palmer died in Iowa. Jacob served his country during the Civil War in the One Hundred and Third Illinois Infantry-. The family of our subject and his good wife consists of three children — Mary E., Frank P. and Webster L.; Jacob B. died January 26, 1860. They also have as inmates of their household two orphan children of a sister of i\lr. Schafcr, the younger of whom was three years old when their father dietl. Other members of the family did not seem to concern themselves about the chil- dren, and our subject, who had known what it was to be left fatherless, sent his younger son for them. They now have a good home and are as lovingly cared for as were the children who are Mr. and Mrs. Schafer's by ties of blood. Their daughter was married to Anderson Matler, who died in the year 1889. and has one daughter — Phebe B. ; she follows the profession of school-teaching and is self-su|iporting. Frank Shafer married Lib Shoemaker and lives on a part of his father's farm; Webster, who has attended the college at Bushnell, is still a member of the home circle. In 1849 Mr. Schafer taught a rate bill school in Young Hickory Township, in 1853 taught again, and in 1864 held his third and last school. He has been School Director and Trustee for yeais, was Collector one jear and has been Township Clerk ten years. He is a member of the Odd Fellow's lodge, at EUisville, in which he has passed through the Chairs. His son Frank is also identified with it. Politically, he is a Democrat, and he has fre- quently served as a delegate to county conven- tions and as a member of the Central Committee. Mrs. Schafer belongs to the Christian Church. ♦^^ z^ ^^ HARLES S. PHELPS, a highly respected j|( ^1, resident of Lewistown, is extensively iden- ^^' tilled with the agricidtural interests of this county. He is a fine representative of an honored pioneer family and is a native-born citizen of this State who has materially contributed to its wel- fare. Mr. Phelps was born at Oquawka, July 17,1836. His father, Cupl. William Phelps, was born No- vember 1, 1809, in Cattaraugus County, N. Y., of which his father, Ste[)hen I'helps, a native of New England, was an early settler. The grand- father of our subject continued in his [)ioneer home a few years and then again took up the westward march and came to Illinois, locating in the Sangomoo Country, as Sangamon County was then called. That was long before the Capital was lo- cated at Springfield, and settlements were few and far between in that wild region. Mr. Phelps' stay in that region was only for a short time and he then came to Lewistown and was a pioneer mer- chant here, opening a store with a small stock of goods which he had brought from .St. Louis. The Indians were numerous in this section of the country, and a great deal of his trading was done with them. He was a man of much enterprise, and 294 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. became quite prospered, and as the town and country settled up, his business was extended, and he carried it on successrull\- until his dcatii about 1840, when a prominent and valued citizen was removed from the community-. He was quite eon- spicious in i)olitical and public affairs, being a Whig in part3' affiliations, and at an early daj' he served as one of the Board of County Com- missioners. The father of our subject was about ten years old when he came with his parents to Illinois. Some time before he attained his majority his father give him his time in the winter season, and he in- heriting a commercial spirit, engaged in trade with the Indians, and thus early became acquainted with their modes of living, customs and characters. Later when the Indians were removed from here he went vvith them to that portion of Dakota now in( luded in the State of Iowa, and remained among them several years. By kind treatment he gained their confidence, learned their language, and be- came good friends with Keokuk, Black Hawk and other noted chiefs. In 18.30, President Jackson jjresented Keokuk's wife with a handsome pres- ent, consisting of an elegant cabinet. She after- wards gave it to Mrs. Phelps,raother of our subject, who gave it to him and lie treasures it as a valued memento. During those early times, for awhile Mr. Phelps commanded a boat on the Mississippi River, and was at one time Captain of the steamer "Pavillion." He was one of the early explorers of the lead re- gions around Galena. lu 1846 he returned to Lewistown and bought quite large tracts of farm lands in the vicinity and engaged extensively in agricultural pursuits. He remained a resident here until 1885, then went to Hastings, Neb., and with the exception of a few visits here, spent his last years there, his death occurring October 16. 1889. The maiden name of his wife was Caroline Kelse}' and she was also a native of Cattaraugus County, N. V. Her father Simeon Kelsey, is supposed to been have a native of the same State. He came to Illinois in an earl}- day and was a prominent pioneer of Lewistown. He dealt in stock, and was quite prospered. He made several trips to the lead mines near Galena, for the purpose of inves- tigating their merits, and invested money in them. He made his home in Lewistown until death closed his mortal career. Much of the first ten years of the life of our sub- ject was passed among the Indians in Iowa, which was at tliat time principally inhabited b}' the aboriginies, tliere being but few white settlers excepting along the streams. During his childhood his motlier was sick, so he was reared b\- a squaw. He learned to talk in the Indian language and be- came expert with the bow and arrow, and often shot deer, antelope and other wild game that was then plentiful in that region. When lie was ten years old his parents returned to Fulton Count}', and he attended the city schools at Lewistown where he laid the basis of a solid education. He subsequently pursued a two j'ears' course of study at the Catholic College at St. Louis. After leav- ing that institution he went to Fannin County, Tex., for a visit, and was induced to utilize his learning b}- teaching a term of school, which was conducted on the subscription plan, there being no free schools there, and was taught in a log cabin. In the spring he went to New Orleans and thence came by way of the Mississippi and Illinois Rivers as far as Havana, this State. He theu established himself in business as a grain dealer at Point Isa- bella, and carried it on there with good financial success until 18G9. In that year Mr. Phelps returned to this county and has since given his attention to agriculture on this fertile soil. He is the proprietor of a valuable farm, finely located one and one-half miles from the city, and containing three hundred and twenty acres of land highly cultivated and capable' of yielding large harvests. It isampl}^ supplied with well-ordered buildings, with good modern machin- ery and eveiy appliance for conducting farming operations after the best methods. In 1886, Mr. Phelps removed to Lewistown and has lived there ever since in one of the attractive residences in the city. To the lady who presides over his pleasant home, and renders it one of coziness and happiness, onr subject was united in marriage in 1858. Mrs. Phelps' maiden name was Louisa Pickering, and she was born in Ohio. Her parents, Dillon and PORTRAIT AM) BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. •iilf) Ann Pickering wore natives of Ohio and Marj'Iand respectively. IMr. :uk1 Mis. Pliilps have two ciiil- (hcn, Mary L. anil Fiank. Mary L., married James T. Kwan. and lives in Lewislown Township; Frank, wild lives on the homo farm married Florence Smith, and llioy have four children, viz: Captain Charles, Merlon. Bernard, and a babe as yet un- named. Mr. Phelps is n man of excellent business liabits and stands well in financial circles. He takes an intelligent interest in politics and is a faithful ad- herent to the Republican party. He was enroll- ing; oilicer during the war and was twice wounded while faithfully discharging his duties. He is .at the present time .Tustice of the Peace, aud is fill- ing that ofiice with characteristic ability. He and his wife are people of social importance and Mrs. Phelps is an esteemed member of the Presbyterian Church. OHX FOUTCH. It is impossible for those who are reared amid the comforts of our present civilization, to fully realize the strug- gle through which the pioneers passed in opening up the countr}' which is now considered a vast garden spot, capable of supplying the wants of its numerous inhaliitants and thousands of dwellers in other parts of the world. The picture presented by our imagination, vivid as it seems to us, bears but a faint resemblance to the reality, yet even this suflices to thrill our hearts with gratitude to all those who bore a part in work on the frontier. The subject of this sketcli is one of the early settlers of the county and lias just reason to be proud of his labors and tlic success be lias achieved. His home is in Isabel Township, tiic estate comprising four hundred and forty acres of improved land and the residence being a beautiful brick structure as at- tractive and well built as any in the town.f,hip. Our subject is a lineal descendaiit of Abram Foutch, a native of the Jsew England States, who served from the beginning to the clo.se of the Revo- lution and laid down his arms, covered with scars. He then settled in Virginia, resuming his former occupation of farming, but after a considerable time removed to Indiana tosjieiid his last days with his son John, n"ar Connersville. He breathed his last at the advanced age of ninet3'-six years. The above-mentioned John Foutch was born and reared on a farm in Virginia .and shortly after his marriage crossed the mountains on pack horses to Bourbon County, Ky. There he was one of the first settlers, taking up Government land upon which he built a small log cabin, making it his home about ten years. He next located in Western Ohio near the Indiana line, but after a short time changed his abode to the other -side, in Franklin County, Ind. Here again he was one of the lirst settlers. Various wild animals roamed through the country, deer being [ilentiful and bears frequently .seen. On leased land Mr. Foutch built a cabin from buckeye logs and in the course of time be- came the owner of a large farm, on which he pur- sued extensive operations. In the summer of 182.'! he sold it and became a resident of Sangamon County, 111. The journey to the new home was made with an ox-team and consumed twenty-one days. The route la^' through a wilderness with here and tliere a section that had been opened up to settlement, and the family slept in the wagon or under a tent at nigiit. Jlr. Foutch purch.ased Government land, erected a log cabin which was afterward supplanted by a commodious brick house, and carried on farm work until he had passed the age of four-score, when he closed his eyes in death. He had seived under Gen. Harrison in Indiana during the Indian War. He was a member of the Baptist Church as was his wife, whose consistent Christian character made her highly respected. Mis. I<"out<'h, formerly Nancy Whirril, was born in .Maryland and died in Sanga- mon County, when about three-score and ten years old. She was the mother of ten children. In the famil}' of the couple just mentioned our subject is numbered. He was horn in Bourbon County, Ky., October 2.5, 1806, and spent the greater part of his boyhood in Indiana, working on the farm as his strength would permit and attending the pioneer schools. The schoolhouscs were con- structed of round logs and had rough slab benches with wooden pin legs for scats. The windows were 2 .10 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. made bj' cutting unfa log on each side of the build- ing and pasting greased pajjcr over the liole. The writing desks were slabs resting on pins driven in the wall and extended around the sides of the rooms. The schools were supported by tuition p?id by each pupil, and the teacher boarded round. Young Foutch was seventeen years old when he came with bis parents to this State driving a team on the wa}'. After reaching Sangamon County lie spent four or five years in breaking prairie with a huge plow drawn by three or four j'oke of oxen. As he was the oldest child at home the brunt of the work fell upon him. During the first years of his residence here he frequenll}' saw sixt}' and seventy head of deer in a herd. When he had attained his majority young Foutch began working for himself and took to himself a companion in life. His marriage was solemnized in Sangamon County and there he farmed until the spring of 1832, when he came to this count}- and settled on one hundred and sixty acres still occu- pied by him ou section 22, Isabel Township. He had purchased this land with a soldier's warrant tnid settled upon it with virtuallj- nothing in the way of capital. He was one of the earliest settlers and says that the other pioneers were as poor as himself. Indians still roamed in considerable num- bers over this section of the State and various wild animals were plentiful. Mr. Foutch killed many a deer and wild turkey, and also brought down coons, his great recreation being hunting, in which he took delight. The original dwelling on the homestead was a little hewed log hut put up by Mr. Foutch, having a hole for a wind(jw but no glass, a board being used for a shutter. During the first few years our siil>ject did teaming and any other work he could liiid by which to earn an honest dollar, while en- deavoring to cultivate the land he had obtained and bring it to a condition that would supply his wants. The farm was all prairie and the large timber which now covers a portion of it has been grown since he took possession. Other important changes have taken place since the days when he was obliged to go to Springfield to get his grist ground, among them being -the nearness of good mills, markets and neighbors. Mr. Foutch has been an unusually hardworking man and has carried on extensive agricultural operations, but of late years he has retired from the toils of life. He has added to his original purchase from time to time until he has a(;quired his present large acreage. The first marriage of our subject was solemnized in the fall of 1826, his bride being Miss Johoda Ka}'. That worthy woman died in middle life after having borne four children, two of whom, James and Francis M., grew to maturity. Mr. Foutch was again married May 8. 1817, to Miss Letitia Ferris, who still lives to share in all his joys as she has previously done in his struggles. She is the mother of nine children, eight of whom grew to maturity and six are still living. The survivors are John, Thomas, Mrs. Louisa Lacost, Charles, Edward and Mrs. Anna Loarsh. Those who died in maturit}^ were William ; Abraham L. ; and David, who died March 31, 1890, aged thirt3--four years. Mrs. Foutch was born in Franklin County, this State, Jul}^ 17, 1817, and is one of nine children comprising the family of David and Louisa (Little) Ferris. Her parents were born in Tennessee and are numbered among the early settlers of Franklin County, this State, where the father died at the .age of fifty j-enrs and the mother at the age of four- score. Both Mr. and Mrs. Foutch have been members of the New Light Church for manj- 3ears and are regarded as efficient and consistent members. M.--. Foutch is a Republican and ha? held some of the minor offices in the township. ^^ 'qiOHEFH KRISCIIKE. proprietor of a meat market in Canton, is one of the prosperous business men of the city, and is prominent is^j/' in its public life. He was born in Austria, January 20, 1828, in the village of Gropolbusdorf. He was second in a family of three children of Ignatz and Regina Krischke. In 1833. by the death of his father, Joseph was left an orphan. He lived among strangers eleven j-ears. and from the age of six years until he was eleven years old he attended the village school. At that time he began PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 297 working out fof a butcher, serving witli him an apprenticesliip of tlirec years. After that lie trav- eled as a journeyuian from 184C until 1854, work- ing in various places. In the month of September, the latter year, he ambitiou-^ly resolved to try bis fortunes in a fc'^eign country, and coming to the United States, lauded in New York City, and from there made bis way to Chicago, where be spent two weeks. When he landed in this country lie was quite ignorant of the English language, but he finally acquired a substantial knowledge of it and uses it with lluenc)'. From Ciiicago he went to LaSalle, where he spent two j'cars, and then we hear of him at Ft. Madison, Iowa, where nine months of his life were passed. In the month of October, 1857, he retraced his steps eastward as far as Canton, and here ho entered the employ of Frank Moyer, the proprietor of a meat market. He was with him ten months, and acquired the knack of liandling meat to tiie best advantage and a thorough knowedge of the trade in all its details. Thus well equipped, Mr. Ivrischke embarked in the butchering business on his own account, Octo- ber 15, 1858. in a shop on the west side of the square. He subsequent!}' built his large brick store, and occupies the rear of it, and has here a neat and well fitted up establishment, and carries an exten- sive line of good meats of all kinds. He is well patronized by the citizens of Canton, and has built up a lucrative business. His building is two sto- ries in height, fronting south, and he rents all that part which he does not occupy. It is in a good location, and his market is one of the princii)al ones of the place. Mr. Krischke was married in Jul}-, 1858, to Miss Mary Johnson, of Canton. She is a native of Kentucky, born in Lewis County. Her father, Shepherd Johnson, was an early settler of Fulton County, coming here in 1854. Mr. and Mrs. Krischke have eight children living, three boys and five girls, whom they have named Frank, Charley, Edward, Alice. Maj', Elizabeth, Stella and Jlaudc. Our subject's business capacitj', energy and sound sense have been duly recognized b}- his fel- low-citizens .as valuable traits in a civic official, and they have often called him to oflices of trust and rcsponsibilit)'. In 1887 ho was elected M.ij'or of Canton, and while in that ollico he guarded the intorosls of the city with vigilance. He served as Alderman several terms, and is a member of the present City Council, representing the Third Ward. Ho belongs to Morning .Star Lodge, No. 734, A. F. iV A. M., also to Canton Chapter, No. fi8, R. A. M., and to Canton Council, No. 23. In politics, he is rather conservative as to National and .State matters, giving hi.s support, however, to the Democratic party, and he has often served as delegate to county- con- ventions. He began life with limited means, but by industry, thrift and tact has acquired a hand- some property. His residence at No. 208, Lewis- town Street, is one of the pleasant homes of Can- ton. THEODORE C. ENGLE is classed among the intelligent, keen, and thoroughly wide- VV^=s!^ awake farmers and stock raisers of this county who are contributing so much to its material prosperity. He is the son of one of the pioneers of this section, and is the proprietor of the fine old homestead that his father developed in Bernadotte Township. It is located on section 1, and is one of the model farms in this vicinitj" as it is kept up to the highest point in every respect, is supplied with neat and well-ordered buildings and evuvy variet}' of the most approved mo;lern niachincrv and is well stocked. The parents of our subject, Jesse and Mary B., (llelllngs) Engle, were natives of Philadelphia Count)', Pa. The father was born in If^OS, and died in this county in 1868, and all that is mortal of him is now lying in Lewistown cemeterj". The mother was born in the cits' of Philadel|)hia in 1 806, died in this county and is lying besiile her husband. They were pioneers of Fulton County, coming here as early as 1838, and did their share of the work of its development. They were greatly re- spected for their sterling worth and manj' excellent qualities of head and heart. He of whom we write was born in the city of Philadelphia, September 26, 1835. He obtained the most of his scliooling in the district schools of Bernadotte and Lewistown Township, and spent one 298 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 3'ear at the Farmington Academy, where he pursued a good practical course of stud}'. He was scarce!}' more than two j'ears of age wlien his parents came to this county, and he remained with them until he •married in Februar}', 1856, and established a home of his own. He was at that time wedded to Miss Harriet F.. daughter of Ira and Frances Hill. Of tiiat marriage four daughters were born: Mary F., Alice E.. Emma C. and Carrie. The first wife of our subject died February 12, 18G1, and all that was mortal was deposited in Lewislown cemetery. The second marriage of our subject was witii Temperance L., a d.aughter of Jacob and Marj- Har- wich. Ten children resulted from that marriage, two girls and eight boys, of whom there are three boys and one girl now living, namely: Robert E.. Henr}- P., Everett .and DoUic. Our subject and his wife sustained great sorrow in the death of their remaining children who were named Frank N., Harry, Ada, Charley. Oliver P. and John L. The mother of these children died January 19, 1881. December 17, 1884, Mr. Engle was married to bis present wife, Caudace Barrett, who presides well over his home and looks carefully after the com- forts of the inmates of the household. After his first marriage our subject resided a part of the time in Bernadotte Township, and a part of the time in Lewistown, and whs engaged in various kinds of business, principally farming. After his second marriage he settled on the old homestead where he now resides. This is a beautiful and well- kept farm of two hundred and fort^'-four acres.and the substantial improvements that he has made upon it add greatly to its attractiveness and value. He has erected a commodious and well-built two- stor}' frame house, 26x16 feet in dimensions, with an L, 20x24 feet; also a roomj' frame barn, oGx 10 feet in dimensions, besides granaries, corn cribs and all other necessary improvements to make it a first-class farm. Mr. Engle has a steam thresher, a clover huller, feed mill, a self binding mower, a pulverizer and manv other pieces of fine farming machinery. About one hundred yards from his house Mr. Engle has a steam brick and tile factorj' and he also owns a sawmill and is conducting the manufacture of brick, tile and lumber with char- acteristic energj- and with the success that had at- tended all his enterprises. He pays some attention to stock-raising and has eleven fine horses, for one of which, a three-fourths Percheron stallion, he once refused *400. As will be seen by the perusal of this sketch,our subject is one of the most active and enterprising business men and agriculturists in this part of the count}' and he has already accumulated a com- fortable competence. He is not connected with any church organization, but his life is one of upright- ness and morality, and is guided by high principles. In politics he is a Republican and has been since 1858. m f OHX G. PORTER was a pioneer of this count}', and for more than forty years has been an important factor in promoting its agricultural and industrial interests, and in advancing its upbuilding. He is a skillful farmer and is managing a large, finely improved farm, and at the same time is conducting a good busi- ness as a stonemason, bricklayer and plasterer. His interests are centered in Woodland Township, where he has made his home ever since he came to the county. Mr. Porter was born in County Tyrone, in the Xorth of Ireland. August 12. 1812. His father, John G. Porter, was also a native of that p.art of Ireland. He was the boss mason for Bishop Porter, who occupied next to the highest bishopric in Ire- land for thirty-three ye.ars. The father of our sub- ject had charge of the men who took care of the parks and pleasure grounds, and in one park there were two thousand deer. Mr. Porter was a mem- ber of the Church of England and died true to the faith at the age of sixty-six years. Early in life he had married Mary Hanna, who was born in County Tyrone, Ireland, and was also a member of the Church of England. She lived to be fifty-five years old. Her father lived to the venerable age of ninety years. Our subject was one of eight children. He was given excellent educational advantages in his boy- hood as he attended school very steadily during PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 299 the week, and Siinflay-school every Sunday. Wlioii lie w.is fourteen years of age his uncle, John Ilanna, a rosidcnt of Quebec, Canada, urged liim to couiu to Aniciica and make his home with him. The bright, adventurous lad eagerly accepted his uncle's invitation, but on the first day of the voy- age he was so sea-sick that he heartily wished him- self back on terra firina and offered the captain of the vessel $250 to land him. at which the cai)tiiin laughed. He was, however, kindlj' cared for by the lady passengers on board the ship, and his misery was brought to a close at tin; end of six weeks, when the vessel arrived in harbor at Quebec. Mr. Porter staid with his uncle in that city one year, and lielped him in his store. His next venture was to go to New York Citj-. where he bound him- self for a period of five years for his board and clothes to learn the four trades of bricklaying, stone- masonry, stonccutting and plastering. He served throughout the entire length of his ai)prenticefihip and thoroughly mastered each calling. He worked at thcui in New York City, Harlem, Brooklyn, and many other places, and received very high wages. He sagaciously judged that in a newly -set- led country like the State of Hlinois, a young man of calibre and ability woidd find a fine opening for the exercise of his various callings, and in the spring of 1846 he emigrated to this county. He traveled the first four hundred miles of his jour- nc}' in a stage over the mountains, and while at a way station sipping a cup fif tea his hand satcliel and ii200 were stolen. From Pittsburg he trav- eled by water to St. Louis, and thence up the Mis- sissippi and Illinois Rivers to this jiart of tlic countrv. Our subject had previously traded some land in Genesee County, N. Y., for land here, and on his arrival he bought more land, making in all four hundred and eight}' acres. The two first years that he lived here were spent partly at his trades in St. Louis and partly in developiiig his land here. Three hundred and thirty acres of his estate la\' in Warren County, and one hundred and sixty acres in Woodland Township. He settled on the latter quarter, which was all lieavily timbered, and he built a small frame house and a log stable. He cleared about forty acres of that place, and then disposed of it iit an [advance on the original price, and bought one hundred and sixty acres on section 11, the same township. He^has worked at improv- ing his farm and at his various callings ever since, and has prospered well. He now has three hun- dred acres of land finely cultivated, supplied with ample buildings and every] convenience for carry- ing on agriculture. Mr. I'orler was first married, in 1837, to Miss Eliza Guyan. She died childless in middle life. His second marriage, which wassolemnizeTl in 1842, was with Kliza A. Snodgrass, who was born in Har- rison County, Jnd.. .July 24. 1824. Of this mar- riage ten children have been born, eight of whom grew to maturity: Sarah J. (IVIrs. Shields), Julia (Mrs. Atkins), John W., William A., Emory D., Alexander (deceased), Catherine A. (Mrs. Martin), and Addison G. Blr. and Sirs. I'orter have been members of the Christian Church for thirtj'-Qve j'ears. In politics he has given an unswerving alle- giance to the Democratic party. He is an honest, intelligent man, has true Irish wit, and is a favor- ite with all. NDREW J. HORTON, who represents Woodland Township on the County Board of Supervisors, is a farmer by occu|)atioii. (§/' He was an ofiicer in the late war and won a military record that reflects honor on the soldiery of this, his adoi)ted .State. He was born in New Castle Township, Coshocton County. Ohio, October 28, 1835. His father, AVilliam Horton, was a na live of the same county and was born in 1811. He was a son of Thomas Horton, who was a Virginian by birth. Ezra Horton, the great-grandfather of our subject, was also a native of \'irginia. The Hortons came originally from Ireland. Ezra Horton was a farmer and he emigrated from his old A'irginia home to Ohio, in a very early day and settled on the present site of Mohawk village, he being one of the first settlers there. There his remaining years were passed and he died at a ripe old age. The grandfather of our subject accom- panicil his l);uents Iv Ohio when a boy. He was 300 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. there reared and became a very extensive farmer in Cosliocton County, and owned considerable land there. His farm was well improved, had a fine large brick house and two large liarns, and was well supplied witli fruit troes of all kinds. Mr. Horton sold his place there and came to this county in the month of October, 18o3, and purchased a farm of two hundred and twenty acres just south of Sum- mum, Woodland Township, where he resided until death roundi'd out his carrer in 1801. at upwards of eighty years old. lie was a stanch Democrat in politics. The father of our subject was reared on his father's farm in Coshocton County, and learned the trade of a carpenter. When a young man he came to Fulton County, arriving here October 22, 1853, making the trip with four teams ani a wagon, having left his old home October 1. He had pur- chased the northwest quarter of section 20, Wood- land Township, before coming here, and he then settled on it. He also entered forty acres of Gov- ernment land across the road and bought fort}' acres joining it. He farmed extensively and w.as greatly prosi)ered. He sold a part of his original purchase to our subject and his brother, and bought out the heirs to his father's estate near Summum, which he subsequently sold a few years later for $70 an acre. He then invested in lands in Hancock County, 111., and as land greatlj' depreciated during the panic of 1873 he lost heavily. He afterwards bought property in Astoria and lived there five years. He then made his home with his son Jeffer- son until his death, which occurred very suddenly. He was a Democrat in his political views and was active in the pulilic life of the township, holding various local oflices. He married Sarah Dennis, a native of Knox County, Ohio, who is still living. She is the mother of thirteen children, nine of whom are living: .lane, Sabina, Polh^ Louisa, Alwilda, Andrew J., Washington, Thomas J., and Abram. Four are deceased. Andrew .T. Horton was reared in Coshocton County, Ohio, until he was eighteen years of age. He attended school some but as soon as large enough to work, he lived out. The first summer that he worked for others his only p.a3'ment was his board and clothes. The second summer he received $8 per month. After coming here he worked on his father's farm until the war broke out. He was then in the prime and vigor of early manhood, and on August 22, 1862, he enlisted in Company H, Eighty-fifth Illinois Infantry, and was mustered in as Third Sergeant. He fought bravely in the bat- tles of Perry ville and Stone River and at the latter place was taken prisoner by Gen. Wheeler's men, and was held from December, 1862, until the latter p.art of March, 1863, when he was exchanged at St. Louis. He joined his regiment in time to take an .active part in the battle of Chickamauga, and he was engaged in several lively skirmishes following that battle and then came the battles of Kenesaw, Peach Tree Creek, and the taking of Atlanta. Our subject did good service in several skirmishes that were fought with the enemy on the way from At- lanta to Savannah. His courageous, self-reliant spirit, his devotion to his duty, and the ability with which he executed all orders won the approval of his superiors and gained him deserved promotion to the position of First Lieutenant. He was mus- tered out June 15, 1865, having won honors as a soldier and an ollicer of which he and his may well be proud. During his service he was never in a hospital or in a wagon or on horseback, except for about three hours ride in a wagon. After his return from the seat of war, our subject purchased the eighty acres of land, on which he now resides, of his father. He has given his atten- tion exclusivel}' to farming ever since, and besides raising grain is rearing stock with good profit. He is pr.actical and wide-awake in the management of his agricultural affairs and the neat and finely im- proved appearance of his farm betokens thrift and good care on the pait of tlie owner. June 25, 1857, Mr. Horton's marriage with Miss Polly Horn was duly celebrated. Mrs. Horton was born in Knox Count}^ Ohio, May 14, 1837, and came to this county with her parents in the early days of its settlement. Five of the six children born to her and our svibject are living: Thomas .T., Julia, Mrs. Hare; Charles, deceased; Sallie, Will- iam and Dolly. Mrs. Horton is a very capable woman and during her husband's absence at the time of the war, she and her two oldest children were left at home and she very ably managed af- ZIAS G. STRONG, M. D. This honored member of the medical profession, whose reputation has been established in Canton for many years, is a native of the Buckeye State. His father, Ozias Strong, Sr., was a farmer and likewise a prominent attorney, serving as a magis- trate at Wilkcsville forty years. There he breathed his last when in the eighty-fifth year of his age. His father, Horatio Strong, was of English and Irish descent, and a native of Massachusetts, and his mother was of Scotch descent. His wife boie the maiden name of Annis Gregory, and was a native of Connecticut, of Scotch ancestry. Our subject was born on the parental acres, in Meigs County, Ohio, August 12, 1818. He was reared on the farm, (irst attending the common schools and then entering Athens Academy, at Athens, Ohio. He began studying medicine with Dr. J. H. Smith, of Meigs County, and after taking a course of lectures at Starling Medical College, Co- lumbus, began his practice in his native county. After three years residence there he removed to St. Louis, Mo., where he continued his professional labors for a short time, subsequently removing to Hannibal to engage in mercantile pursuits. He en- tered into partnershi[) with Messrs. Smith & Dick, and under the firm name of Smith, Dick & Co. a large business was (■unductes herself well in- formeil regarding topics of general interest, faith- fully discharges the duties which lie before her,and wins many friends by her good qualities. Mr. Brebner cast his first Presidential vole for Abraham Lincoln, having taken out his natinaliza- tion papers soon after he came to the State. He is a stanch member of the Republican party, under- stands well the political issues of the day and firmly believes that he is right in his judgment regarding them. For six years he did efficient service as a school officer, and on onj occasion was a candidate for Supervisor of Trivoli Township, but was beaten in the race by three votes. |AXDOLPII HALL. In recalling the labors which have made of this count}' a region ii \V noted for its agricultural resources, we *^p) feel a glow of admiration for all who bore a part in the scenes of the early days, and take great pleasure in noting prominent incidents in their lives. One of the oaily settlers of Farmers Town- ship is the worthy gentleman above named, who has abundanll}- shown his industry and good judg- ment by the accumulation of an excellent estate, well supplied with the imi)rovements which make life in the country enjoyable, and add to the value of property. He possesses the hospitable spirit and cordial manners which belong to all natives of tlie Blue Grass State, and which are also distinguishing characteristics of the pioneers in any sections of the country. Honorable in his (healings, well-in- formed regarding topics of general interest, and able to relate many an interesting event in connec- tion with the early setlleniunt of the township, his companionship is desinible and hi.s reputation ex- cellent. The birth i>f Mr. ibill Look place in Wnsliiiigton County, Ky., September 4, lb2;5, and his residence in Illinois began when he was a youlli of fifteen years. At that period in his lil'c he accompanied his parents, Joel and Mary (Clark) Hall, to Mc- Donough County, iheir home for a few 3'ears being in the vicinity of Macomb. In 1843 they removed to Pennington's Point. Three years later our sub- ject was united in marriage with ]\Iiss Alraeda L. Woods, a capable and efficient woman who has nobly borne her |)art in building up the prosiierity of the family and fitting its younger members for usefulness and honor. The happy union has been blessed bj' the birlh of five children. The eldest son, Platte, w.as stricken down within a few days of his majority, and the bright promise of his future swallowed up by death. The older daughter, Mary Cornelia, is the wife of Josiah Hammer, of McDonough County : she has one daughter, Delia, who married Frank Harlan, and also has one child. As the mother of Mrs. Hall is yet living, baby Mabel is the fifth generation of females in the family now living. Three of these were born in McDonough Count}', Mrs. Hall in Erie Count}', Pa., and Mrs. Woods in the Empire State. A picture representing the five — INIrs. Cor- nelia Woods, Mrs. Alincda Ilall, Mrs. Mary Ham- mer, Mrs. Delia Harlan and little Mabel — is of great interest, not only to the family but to all visitors whom they receive. The second son of our subject and his good wife is Millard DeWitt, who with his wife, son and daugliter. resides in Table Grove. In McDonough County lives the youngest son, Leonard Grow, with his wife and one child. The second daughter and fourth child of Mr. and Mrs. Hall is Genevra, wife of F'raiik Ward, of Table Grove, their family including several chil- dren. Our subject bought the first improved farm of eighty acres in McDonough County. His house was built bj' himself, he hewing the logs and split- ting the shingles, which were of black walnut from his own land, forty acres of which was timber. 308 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. The house was 16x22 feet in dimensions. A few years after it was constructed Mr. Hall covered it with boards, wliich were sawed bi" liis brother-in- law in a portable mill on the place. To the origi- nal eight}- acres he added until his estate amounted to two hundred acres, all of which had been re- claimed by himself from its primitive condition, except about thirty acres which was plowed when he purchased it. He resided upon the farm until 1882, when he left it to lake possession of a com- fortable home in Table Grove. In the early days Mr. Hall hauled wheat to Beardstown, about twenty- five miles distant, and thought himself fortunate when he could get fifty cents per bushel, nearly half of which was consumed by the expenses of re- maining overnight. The first hogs driven to that place sold for §2 per hundred, which was considered a high price, good dressed pork having previously been disposed of in Macomb for $1.25 per hun- dred. The early settlers generally owed all they raised to the neighboring storekecper.thcir sole trouble be- ino-to turn the products of their farms over to their creditor, the 1st of January being the usual time of settlement. By a special arrangement they sometimes obtained a little money with which to pay taxes. All grain was cut with a cradle, and it was generally tramped out with horses. Mi-s. Hall vividly remembers seeing the wheat thrown in a pile, and horses driven around it until the thresh- ing was completed. The first chimneys were of sod built on the outside of the log houses, and all cooking was done at an open fire, except in rare instances. Mr. Hall is one of four sons and seven daughters born to his parents, all of whom are now living in this section of the Stale in convenient visiting dis- tance. He is the only Republican in his father's family, but his own sons and sons-in-law belong to the same party as himself. Salem Woods, the father of Mrs. Hall, emigrated from the Keystone State to JIcDonough County in 1831, prior to the Black Hawk War, in which father Hall took part. Mr. Woods was a harness- maker in Erie, Pa., and having traded for a piece of land somewhere in the Vv'est, started on foot to look uj) his new estate. He made his way over the mountains and through the wilderness to the vicin- ity in which he supposed his land to be, but was then at a loss to locate it. He heard a rooster crow, and going whence the sound came, found the home of Stewart Pennington, who helped him to locate the land, of which he had a plat and description. He then returned to the East and brought his wife and family, the journey being made in a wagon. The boards from the roof of his wagon were used as a door to the first house he built on his farm. This home was of logs, notched and fastened to the sleepers with wooden pins, no nails being used in its construction. The floor was of split logs. Mr. Woods had the first cook stove in the county, it being shipped from the East to Chicago, whither it was brought in a wagon by the owner and Harvey Harris. An old fashioned chest with a lid, which was made to ship goods in, is still preserved in the famil}'. Mrs. Hall is the only daughter of her parents, but they have likewise four sons. One of these, Edward, was born in this State, and still lives on the farm on which he first saw the light. Mr. Woods was an Abolitionist of the deepest dye, and he and his children naturally became Republicans. They are of the Universalist faith. lif^^HOMAS DEEMS, a native-born citizen of this count}', is now one of its foremost busi- ^^' ness men, he being one of the leading gro- cers of Lewistown, a member of the firm of Deems & Slack. He was born on a farm in Lewistown Township, July 21, 1841, and come of a respected pioneer family of this section of the Slate. John Deems, the father of our subject, was a native of Washington County, Pa., born on a farm five miles north of Brownsville, November 18, 1809. He was a son of Adam Deems, who is su|)- posed to have been a native of the same locality. The father of the tatter, Martin Deems, is thought to have been born in Germany, and was one of the earliest settlers of Washington County. He secured a title to quite a tract of land, the bounda- ries being defined by blazed trees. He made his PORTRAIT AND BrOGRAPMICAL ALBUM. 300 home there until desith closed his mortal career. He reared a family of six sons and two daughters. His son Adam grew to'man's estate on the old homestead in his native county amid its primitive pioneer scenes. There were no railways there for many years aft.^r his birth. Alany of tlie farmors were distillers and used to ship their liquor and produce on flatboats to New Orleans, and theie disposed of the boat and its contents and walivcd back to their homes, many weeks being consumed in the journey. All communication with the East was by teams. The grandfather of our subject al- ways lived in the place of his birth and engaged in farming there until his demise. The maiden name of his wife was Sarah Rolland, who was born in the same county as himself. Her parents, Henry and Mary Rolland, were pioneers of that section of the country, making their removal thither from Eastern Pennsj'lvania with pack-horses. The grand- mother of our subject survived her husband many years and died in Fulton County, at the age of sixty-three. John Deems was nineteen j'ears old when he left his native county to join his brother Thomas in JIuskingura County, Ohio, where he served an apprenticeship of three years to learn the trade of a blacksmith. After he had acquired a thorough knowledge of his calling he worked for Ids brother three J'ears, and then formed a partnership with him which continued two years. At the expiration of that time he went to Sidney. Shelby County, and was one of the early settlers of that place and es- tablished himself there as a blacksmith on his own account. All the iron, which was procured at Pitts- burg, was brought to that place by the waj' of the Ohio River and Cincinnati, and thence by canal to Pickaway, twelve miles distant. Mr. Deems wrought all the horse shoes and the nails that he used,and the charcoal that he burned in his furnace was also of his own manufacture. He continued in business there until tlie fall of 1810. In 1839 the father visited Fulton County on horseback and bought one hundred and sixty acres of timber land, three-fourths of a mile east of the village of Lewistown. After making his purchase he sold his horse and returned by stage to his home in Ohio. In tlie fall of 1840 he started. with his wife and three children, with two horses and a wagon for their future dwelling-place in the Prairie State. They spent the first winter in Lewis- town, and during that time he built a house on his land and at once began the improvement of the latter. For some years Liverpool, a point on the Illinois River, was the most flourishing town of the county, and was the market for all the grain raised. Mr. Deems improved the greater part of his land, bought eighty acres adjoining and re sided there until 1884, and then moved to town to his present home, where he now lives in honorable retirement. Mr. Deems was married in October, 1841, to Plirebe Brown. She was born in Virginia, in Au- gust, 1809, and was but an infant when her parents removed to the primeval wilds of Muskingum County, Ohio, where she was reared. She died January 1, 1887, at a venerable age. She was the mother of eight children, whose names are Amanda, Joseph, Eliza, Thomas, Lorena. Mary, George, and Cornelia. Joseph served in the late war in Company A, Fifty-fifth Illinois Infantr\', three years and was twice severely wounded. He now lives in Lewistown. The gentleman whose life is recorded in these lines received the preliminaries of his education in the pioneer schools of this his native county. The first one that he attended was taught in a log scboolhouse, and the seats were rude benches made of slabs with wooden pins for legs. There were no desks, but holes were bored in the logs, wooden pins were inserted and boards laid on top of them, extending the length of each side of the house, which were used by the larger scholars on which to write. Our subject's education was further extended by the excellent course of study that he pursued in Fulton Seminary in 1860 and 1861. and in 1865 he was a student at Hedding College, at Abingdon. Mr. Deems took part in the great war that was waged between the North and the South in the opening years of his manhood, and is a fine repre- sentative of those noble citizen-soldiers who sacri- ficed much and risked their all in their devotion to their countr3\ August 8, 1862, he threw aside all personal aims and ambitions and enlisted in 310 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. Company H, One Hundred and Third Illinois In- fantry, was mustered into service at Peoria Octo- ber 2, and in November of that year went with the regiment to Tennessee, where lie and his comrades were quartered for the winter. From there they were sent to Vicksburg, Miss., and guarded the rear of the Federal army, preventing Johnston from reinforcing the rebels during the memorable siege of that city. After the fall of Vicksburg our sub- ject's regiment went to Jackson, Miss., and en- gaged in battle with Johnston's troops at that place; went thence to Black River, where the sol- diers rested until the fall, when they inarched to Chattanooga to take part in the battle of Missiou- arv Ridge, where Mr. Deems was transferred to Com- pany H, Twenty-third Regiment Veteran Reserve Corps. He was sent to Benton Barracks, they being on detached dut^', and remained until he was mustered out, June 20, 18G5. At the close of his service our subject came back to Lewistown and quietly resumed bis studies at Heading College, remaining in that institution during the fall and winter terms. In the spring of 1866 he engaged in the mercantile busi- ness in Lewistown, and was thus eniplo3'ed until 1869, when on account of ill-health he was obliged to relinquish it. The ensuing two j^ears he re- mained on his father's farm and spent one j'ear in Kansas. Returning to Lewistown, he became a (;lerk for Ross & Hinds, remaining with them one year, and then acting in the same capacity for Phelps & Proctor for a period of eight years. At the expiration of that time he once more resumed business on his own account and has continued it with marked success. In 1886 he formed a part- nersliip with his present partner, J. S. Slack, under the tirm name of Deems & Slack. They have hero a commodious, finely-appointed store, and carry a full line of groceries, china, glass, woodenware, etc., and deal to some extent in fruits and produce, besides having a bakery in connection with their grocery. By strict attention tt) their business in all its details, by promptness and method, and by courteous treatment and fair dealings with their customers, the}- have built up a large trade and are well patronized liy the best people of the citv. Mr. and Mrs. Deems have here a very cliarrn- ing home, and of their happy wedded life have come two children— Jessie and Mary. Mrs. Deems' maiden name was Laura Benton, and her mar- riage with our subject was contracted in Septem- ber, 1880. She is a native of this county, born in Bernadotte Township, and is a daughter of Harsha J. and Marian (Lee) Benton, natives of Phila- delphia, Pa., and Springfield, 111., respectiveh-. and pioneers of this section of the country. Mr. Deems thoroughly • identifies himself with whatever will best promote the highest interests f)f this, his native county, his liberalit}' helping for- ward man}' schemes for its improvement, and he is numbered among its most loyal citizens. His record as a soldier is kept in remembrance by his connection with Thomas Lay ton Post, No. 121, G. A. R.. He belongs to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, being a member of Fulton Lodge, No. 51. In politics he is a decided Republican. '>^:^?H^^5^^-^- '*>^:9- •^.^HOMAS COOK has lived in Fulton County '''^^ since 1858 and during that lime has ac- quired a solid reputation as a straightfor- ward, honorable man, and as a thrifty, hard working, capable farmer. Since 1874 he has been a factor in the agricultural life iu this section of the country, and has managed his well-equipped farm on sections 20 and 22, with skill and profit since it came into his possession at that time. He is a native of Kilmena Parish, County Mayo, Ireland, where he was born in 1823. His parents were also natives of that place and he resided with them until 1849. In that year he married Bridget, daughter of Hubert and N'ancy (Moran) Golden, who was born in the same year and the same place as himself. Our subject soon left his 3'oung bride in their native village, that he might cross the waters and make a more comfortable home for her in Amer- ica. After landing on these shores he made his way to Pittsburg, Pa.,whence he went a short time afterwards to St. Louis, Mo., where he remained about five years engaged in steamboating. When he had been there two years and was comfortably JP^S !4-^- ^^^-^^-2^ ^O -^ ^C/'ThC^ WRITTEN AT SI YEARS. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 313 fixeil his wife juinocl liim. and in 1858, they came to this county and hicnted in Lewislown, which was tlien a very small place. While llieie Mr. Cook engaged in various kinds of business and flnallj^ bought, in the year 1874, one hundred and four acres of land on sections 20 and 22. Heinadotte Townshi(). where he now resides. He has seventy- live acres of his land under fine cultivation, has a good iiouse, liarn and otiier necessary buildings that go to make up a good and well-improved farm. He has a self-binder, a mower, and all other modern machinery that is in use on a first-class farm. His farm is well-stocke I with cattle, horses and hogs of standard gr.'ides. Jlr. and Jlrs. Cook have had six children boTn to thc-n of whom three died young and tliree are liv- ing — Thomas, Mary and Bridget. Mr. Cook has worked hard in the accumulation of his properly and has received valuable aid from his wife who is a cheerful, ca|)ableand willing helpmate. He is of a peaceable, kind and obliging disposition and has never had a law suit in his life or was he ever on a jurv. He has always attended strictly to his own affairs, letting other people's business alone and al- ways gets along well with his neighbors. He be- grudges happiness to no one, is no man's enemy and has no enemies of his own, but on the contrary has ni.iny friends. In politics he is a Democrat; in religion a Catholic. ENRY CONE. To show the mettle of the 111 man it is not necessary to enter the marts of a crowded cit^', take a place among the dwellers on the tented field, or journey far from home and friends in order to make wonderful discoveries. Opportunities are not lacking even amid the peaceful surroundings of pastoral life, to teach high living, high thinking, and sliovv ener- getic action for individual and public good. The subject of this biogra|ihical notice is one who has prospered by steady industry, and l)y ever keeping in view the great i>rinciple of doing to others as he would be done bj'. He has found abundant oppor- tunities during the course of his long life, to |iro- mote the welf:ire of his fellow-men by assisting in their wortliy umlertakings and by suggesting or in- stituting movements which ten''.y) Fackler, having been early ^==^ settlers of this county and his father a pio- neer blacksmith of Astoria, the birthplace and present residence of our subject. The latter is now numbered among the euterjirising, progressive, sub- stantial business men of his native county, and is no unimportant factor in advancing its material interests. He has a large, well-appointed hardware store in Astoria, and commands an (extensive trade not only in tlie village but among the citizens of the outlying country. Mr. Fackler was born in this town, December 3, 1842. He is a son of the late well-known Franklin Fackler, who was born in Augusta County-, Ya., December 3. 1807. His father, .Samuel Fackler, was, it is thought, born in Pennsylvania. lie was a tanner by trade, and carried on that business in Stanton, Augusta County, ^'a., wliere lie spent his last years. The father of our subject went to live with an uncle in Loudoun County when he was a boy and he learned the trade of a blacksmith. He subse- quently returned to Augusta County, and there took unto himself a wife and followed his trade there until 1835. In the ftill of that year, willi his wife and one child, he started with a pair of horses and a wagon for the wilds of the Prairie .State, taking cooking utensils along and cooking and camping by the waj' at noon and night. The little party finally arrived at its destination in Fulton {/'ounty after thirty days' traveling. Mr. Fackler first located near the present site of Table Grove. The country around was very thinly inhabited, and where Vermont now stands, a thriving and nour- ishing village, there was but one house. Mr. Fack- ler built a log cabin, in which his family found shelter the ensuing winter, and in the spring of 183G removed from there to the village of Wash- ington, which was the first name given to Astoria. There were at that time only two log houses and one store where now a busy and prosperous town is located. The father of our subject erected a black- smith shop in the village, which was the first one built there, and he actively engaged at his calling there until the new village was laid out half a mile distant and named Astoria. He then removed his business to the new village and was the first black- smith in that place. He bought property and built a substantial dwelling and sliop, and continued to carry on his trade, with the exception of two years when he was engaged in farming near Summura, until his death, which occurred December 15. 1887. The mother of our subject was born in Shenan- doah County, Ya. Her father, John Deary, was a native of Pennsylvania. He was left an orphan at an early age, and after he had attained manhood he went to Augusta County, Ya., and there married. He was a shoemaker and followed his trade in Vir- ginia until 1835. In that 3'car he became a pioneer of Fulton Count3-, buying a tract of Government land near Table Grove. It consisted of wild prai- rie and there was a double log house on the place when he purchased it, in which he lived with his family five 3'ears. His wife dying, he then re- moved from there to Astoria and bought a home in which he lived retired until his death. The maiden name of his wife was Jane jNIcMullen. She was born in Penns3dvania. The mother of our subject lived witii her parents until her marriage, and was earl3' taught to spin and weave. In the first years of her married life she cooked by the fireplace and clad her children in homespun garments of her own manufacture. This venerable lady now makes her home with her daughter, Jlrs. Nelson. .She has witnessed almost the entire development of this part SIG PORTKAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALliUM. of Illinois from a]|wilderness to a well settled and \vealth}- county'. The early part of her life was passed amid pioneer scenes and she did not see a railroad uniil she was uearlj' fifty years of age. Mrs. Fackler reared the following six cliildren to useful lives: James F., who resides in Astoria; J. Thomas, of Astoria; J. A.; Mrs. Nelson, of Astoria; Samuel, our subject; Lizzie, Mrs. Anderson, who lives in Henr3' County, Iowa; and Fannie, Mrs. Jones, who resides in Astoria. Mr. and Mrs. Fack- ler were greatly respected b}- the people among wiiom tiiev lived for so many years. The}' were true Christians, and both joined the Methodist Episcopal Church in llieir j-ounger days, though ihe mother had been reared to the Lutheran faith. Samuel Fackler, of whom we write, gleaned his early education in the pioneer schools of Astoria, anil when large enough commenced to help his fa- ther in the shop. At the age of nineteen he entered upon his mercantile career, engaging as a clerk in the general store of W. H. Scripps. He continued in that capacitj"^ twenty j-ears and in 1883 resigned in Older to engage in the hardware business. He has since devoted his entire attention to it, and has Diiilt up one of the most extensive and profitable trades in this line in this part of the county. He lias a iiandsome. commodious, and convenientlj- ar- ranged store, and carries a full stock of hardware, stoves, tins, etc. The marriage of Mr. Fackler with Miss Belle Piice, a native of Fayette County, Pa., and a daugh- ter of Benjamin Price, was solemnized in 1868. Five children were born of that union — George, Lillie, Nellie, Grace, and Bessie. In the month of April, 1884, the pleasant home of our subject was invaded by death and the loving wife and devoted mother was taken from the place in the household lliat she had so nobly filled. She was a true, wo- manly woman, possessing a fine disposition and olh'jr pleasant qualities that endeared her to man^- be3"ond the home circle. She joined the Methodist Episcopal Church before her marriage, and was al- ways a consistent member thereof. ftlr. Fackler is a sagacious, practical man of business, possessing the necessary foresight, finan- cial ability and tenacity' of purpose, requisite to success in any walk, and his affairs are managed with scrupulous honesty and with a conscientious regard for the rights of others. His honorable course in business, his frank and courteous bearing, his warm-hearted nature that makes his friendship so desirable, have won him the confidence of the entire community and have given him a high place in the regard of all with whom he associates, either in a business or social way. In him the Methodist Episcojial Church, which he joined before marriage, finds one of its most earnest anti valued members, who is prominent in its affairs and who carries his religion into his every day life. In politics he is a Republican. He has taken an important part in the local Government, has served one j^ear as a mem- ber of the Town Council, and is a member of the School Board. He is identified with Astoria Camp of M. AV. A., and Astoria Lodge, A. O. U. W. J?I| LBERTK. TATE, editor and proprietor of /Uli the Astoria Argus, is a wide-awake young journalist and is successfully conducting >j^ an excellent family newpapei'. He is also an enterprising man of business, dealing in real es- tate and representing five different insurance com- panies. Mr. Tate is a native of this State, born in Ma- comb, McDonough Count}', February 28, 1861. He is a son of the well known Richard Tate, who was born in what is now Carter County, Ky.. July 5, 183L His father, David Tate, was a native of the same countj' and a son of one of the pioneers of Kentucky, who early located in Green County, and there spent his last j'ears. The grandfather of our subject was reared and married in the count}- of his nativity, taking for his wife Miss Nancy AVilson. He learned the trade of a tanner and engaged in that in connection with farming during his residence in Green County. In 1845, he came from Kentucky to Illinois, bringing with him his wife and six children. He stopped a short time in Henderson Count}-, and then located in McDonough County, buying a tract of land about two miles south of Macomb. That town was then but a hamlet and the surrounding country was PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 317 thinly iiiliiibited. Mr. Tate lived on his t';irin in th.at vicinity several j'ears, and then bought prop- erty in the village of Macomb, and resided there until 1871. In that year he sold his properly there iinil moved to Arkansas, lie lived a short time in lliro, and there shortly alter his arrival his wife died at the age of sixty-eight years. Mr. Tate subsequently removed to Washington County, and still resides on the farm he then purchased, he be- ing now quite an old man. Richard Tate was fourteen years old when his i)arcnt8 came to Illinois. He was bred to a farmer's life on the old homestead, and continued to lire with his father and mother until he estab- lislied a home of his own. He learned the trade of a tanner and brick moulder, and after he assumed the cares of married life he settled in Macomb and was occupied at his trades some years. lie finally en- tered the employ of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad Company in the contractor's de- partment, and has remained with that company most of the time .since. He married Kmeline Hall, who was born in ^laxwell, Washington County, Ky., October 17, 1837, and is a daughter of Joel and Mary (Clark) Hall. Two children have tilessed the marriage of .Mr. and Mrs. Tate, Eflie and our sub- ject. Their (laughter resides with them. The gentleman of whom this sketch is written was reared in Macomb, and received excellent ed- ucational advantages in its public schools. When he w.as fourteen years old he commenced to work on a farm at $Io per month. He was thus em- ployed for a few months in the fall and then clerked in a fruit store a few weeks. August 10, 1875, he <'ntered the oUice of tlse Macomb Eagle and for four years thereafter, served an appren- ticeship to learn the printer's trade. After that he went to Chicago and was employed in the oflice of the Tiiitcs four months and then worked on the Prairie Farmer a few months and subsequently was engaged in a job office on Dearborn Street. He re- mained in Chicago about a year and we next hear of him in a printing office in Warsaw, where he was emplo3'ed six months. At the expiration of that time he returned to IMacomb and studied dentistry awhile. He abandoned that, hf)wever, and resumed the printer's trade in the oflice of the daily liejMbli- can-Eef/ister at Galesburg. From there he went to Bushuell and worked in the oflice of the Gleaner. On account of ill health he gave up oflice work for awhile and went to Iowa, whither he was sent by the l^nion Publishing Compan}', of Springfield, to assist in compiling county histories. A j'ear later he entered the employ of the Illi)wis State Journal, and six months after that went back to Macomb as foreman in the oflice of the Macomb Eagle. He retained that position one year, and then bought the Astoria Argus, and has edited and published this paper ever since. His experience in various printing offices and on various papers, was invaluable to him in his new work, and laid a solid foundation for his career as a journalist. His paper is well managed, and is published in a neat and attractive form, is bright and interesting and keeps aptice with the times. For a young man of his energ}' and capacity for work, his labors as an editor are not sufficient to take up his time, so our subject has branched out in other directions, and, as before mentioned, is engaged in the insurance business, .as agent for five different companies, and he also makes money by his dealings in realty. Mr. Tate was wedded to Miss Bertha Farr, .Sep- tember 25, 1884. Mrs. Tate is a native of Astoria Township, and a daughter of John and Nina Farr. The names of the children that have been born to our subject and his wife in their pleasant hotne are : Mildred F. and Albert Dean. Mr. and Mrs. Tate are people of high personal character, and are greatly esteemed by the entire community. They are members of the Christian Church. Mr. Tate belongs to Astoria Lodge No. 100, A. F. & A. M. and Astoria Camp, M. W. A. No. 381. ^*. ..,-.'.,^,.**..'^".V.i . A- ENOCH THOJIPSON is one of those pro- gressive wide-aw.ake farmers, who find both ■ pleasure and ijrofit in cidtivating the soil, and by means of dignity and abilitj' tend to raise the standard of their chosen occupation. Beside agricultural pursuits, he is also interested in stock- raisini;, and owns a valuable estate on section 2(), 318 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. Pleasant Township. He is a native of Coshocton County, Ohio, being born there on the 1 7th of Maj-, 1836. His parents,Joshua and Emily (Williams) Thomp- son, were natives of New Jersey' and Maryland re- spectivelj', the former being of Scotcli descent. A kinsman on the maternal side figured prominently in tiie Revolutionar}' War, and his Grandfather Williams was one of the earliest settlers in Coshoc- ton Count}', building one of the first houses in that section of the State of Ohio. His father was twice married and had ten children, of whom the follow- ing .ire living at this date: Margery-, wife of W. Richards of Iowa; Permeiia, wife of John Potter, of Putnam County, Mo.; Elizabeth, now Mrs. Foster and living in Coshocton Count}-, Ohio; George, who resides in Warsaw, Ohio; Lydia, wife of William Bourel of Richland Count}-, III., and Enoch, whose sketch now claims attention. Mr. Thompson reached manhood's estate in his native place, and at an early age commenced to do work of various kinds. His education was some- what limited, and his knowledge has been gained chiefly by reading. In the winter of 1857, he moved to McDonough County, this State, and for more than a year engaged in farm work. He then went to Putnam County, Mo., then in a few months back to JlcDonough County, and later to Schuyler County, 111., but after six months in the latter place came to Fulton County, and has since continued to reside here. Our subject enlisted in the late war on the 19th of August in the year 1861, in Company H, Third Illinois Cavalry, and became part of the Western Army, first under Gen. Fremont, then Gen. Hal- leck, and later under Gen. Curtiss. He performed the duties of the ordinary cavalryman, and took part in many skirmishes. He served until Septem- ber 25, 1862, at which time he returned to his pres- ent place of residence. Mr. Thompson was married September 15, 1864, to Miss Mary E. Thompson, native of Woodland Township, and daughter of Anthony and Lucy (Shields) Thompson, natives of Coshocton County, Ohio and Harrison County, Ind. Her father moved to Fulton County some time in the '40s, having ridden the entire distance from his native State on horseback, and w.is one of the first settlers of Wood- land Township. Her gr.ind parents came to Fulton County in the fall of 1830, settling in Woodland Township. To her parents were born nine chil- dren, of whom six are living, viz: Mary (wife of our subject); Benjamin F.; Nancy, wife of John W. Hagan; Sarah C, wife of W. H. Smith; Minerva J. wife of Harvey Shelley; Martha, wife of Thornton A. Bourel. Her father was a member of the Baptist Church, and was a most succcssful^agricullurist. To our subject and [wife has been born one daughter, Julia C. He settled on his present farm in 1865, continuing to reside here since" that"_date. He has cleared the land and cultivated the soil un- til his farm is very valuable. Mr. Thompson is a very popular man and has held public offices from time to time. At present he is serving as Highway Commissioner. He is a member of the Democratic party and true in all respects to his party princi- ples. He is a member of the Grand Army Post at Summum,and is well known and much respected by all who have the pleasure of his acquaintance. Mrs. Thompson is a faithful member of the Baptist Church, and both she and her husband endeavor at all times to advance the interests of the commun- ity. ARON LINGENFELTER. All the loyal Americans will agree that the old soldiers who sacrificed home comforts, endured (^' hardships, and braved dangers during the days of the Nation's peril, are deserving of remem- brance. The historian cannot detail the lives spent on the tented field, but he can mention the chief evtnts by which the gallant soldier secured victory, too often, alas, at the price of manly vigor and missing limbs. AVerc there no other reasons than his army life, we should be glad to present to our readers an outline of the history of Aaron Lingen- felter. a worthy farmer of Banner Township, liv- ing on section 19. Mr. Lingenfelter was born in Blair County, Pa., November 8, 1841, being a son of Jacob and Sarah (CKaar) Lingenfelter. The parents removed to this county in the spring of 1848, locating on section PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 319 18, Bueklieart Township, where our subject grew to his twentieth j'ear, spending his dajs in llie man- ner usual to farmers' sons, and studying in the dis- trict school. On August 9, 1861, he responded to his eountrj-'s call, and enlisted in Compan}' A., Fifth-fiflh Illinois Infantr)', Capt. Presson and Col. Stewart being his commanding officers. The regi- ment formed a part of the Seventh Division of the Array of the Tennessee until November, when the Fifteenth Army Corps was organized, and it was incori)orated therein. It took part in thirty-two battles, and was under Are one hundred and twenty- five days. The first engagement in which our subject par- ticipated was Shiloh, where the battle was opened by the Fifty-fifth, .Sunday morning, April 6, 1862, on the extreme right. The regimental loss in killed, wounded, and missing, wastwo hundred and seventyrcight men. The next contest was Russell Mouse, in June, followed by the siege of Corinth, lasting twenty days, after which a march was made to Memphis, and camp life enjoyed while the re- organization was taking place. We next find the Fifty-fifth moving down the Mississippi and taking part in tlie battle of Chickasaw Bayou, whence it was compelled to withdraw after a four-days en- gagement, during which Capt. Shleieh was killed. Going up the Arkansas, Ft. Heinman was cap- tured after a contest of two days, January 10 and 11, 1863, and the regiment then took transports to Milliken's Bend, in front of Vicksburg. On April 27, the boys went to Haines Bluff to draw the at- tention of the confederate forces while Gen. Grant crossed at ( irand (iulf, sixty -five miles below the city. On May IJ thej' followed at the same cross- ing, and fought in the battle of Champion Hill, then went on to take part in the siege of Jackson. Miss., returning to participute in the siege of Vicks- burg. After the fall of that city, the corps went to the relief of Gen. Thomas j\,t Chattanooga, crossing the Tennessee on pontoons, and floating down stream at midnight. The battle was fi^ught, then Burnside re-inforced at Knoxville, and Larkins- ville, Ala., visited, when the term for whicli Mr. Lingenfelter had enlisted expired. In April, 18C4, Mr. Lingcrfeltcr re-enlisted for three jears or during the war. He received a fur- lough of thirty days, and visited his father and friends in the North, rejoining his comrades at Kenesaw Mountain, June 20. Up to this time he had escaped injury, and had been present at ever}' roll-call, except when on furlough. At Kenesaw. June 27, he received two wounds, one in the leg and one in the side, but as -they were only flesh wounds, be remained with his company. July 22, he had his left forefinger shot ofi" while the company was retaking a batterj', and the gallant captain, J. M. Augustin, lost his life. Mr. Lingenfelter subsequently took part in all the engagements on the march to the sea, begin- ning in November, 1864. At Statesboro, Ga., he was one of five men sent on a foraging expedition, and was captured by the confederates. When An- dersonville stared him in the face he made his es- cape to the Union lines, being shot at b}' the guard, the ball hitting a handkerchief in his pocket, and making twenty-two holes in it. After the capture of Savannali the reginient marched north through the Carolinas, and on March 21, 1865, Mr. Lingenfelter received the gun- shot wound that disabled him for life. He was shot through the right shoulder, by reason of which the right arm is now four inches shorter than the left. The wound prevented our subject from any further active participation in armj' service, and after remaining in different hospitals until July 22, he was discharged, when his time lacked but eighteen days of four years. Mr. Lingenfelter never drank a drop of liquor until after he was wouiKlcd. He draws a pension of $3G pei monlli. Mr. Lingenfelter returned to this county July •29. and resumed the arts of peace, hampered in his efft)rts by his crippled condition, but full of en- ergy, determination and grit. He has been able to live comfortablj', to school his children well, to im- prove his place, and, better than all else,.has gained tli(> confidence and esteem of those about him. He owns eighty acres of fine land, that in the qualit}- and quantit}- per acre of its crops will compare favorably with any in the vicinity. Mr. Lingen- felter always votes the Republican ticket. He has been School Director three years, and discharges his duty in a satis factorj' manner. The family worshii> in the ^Iclhodist Kpiscoinil Church. 320 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. In charge of the household economy of the Lin- g(!nfelter estate is a capable and loving woman, formerly known as Miss Charity Hedge. She be- came tiie wife of our subject, Marcli 17, 1870, and is tiie mother of tiiree children: Lizzie C, born .Sei>tember 22, 1S72; Ernest, November 24, 1874; and Minerva M., September 19, 1881. /^ ONRAD MARKLEY. Among llie early set- jl( ^^ tiers of this county was tlie Marlvle^' familj', ^^^ and its present representative, the subject of tliis biography, is now one of its wealtiiy and most prost)erous farmers. He was an important factor in the })ioneci' labors that laid tlie solid foundation of tlie present prosperity of tliis section of the countrj',and having accumulated a liandsome prop- erly is enabled to spend liis declining years free from the hard work and cares of his early life, in one of the most comfortable homes of DeerBeld Township, of wliich lie has been a lu'omincnt resi- dent many ye.irs. Tlie paternal great-grandfather of our subject was born in German}', while liis maternal great- grandfather was a native of Fruace. His grand- father on his fatlier's side was born in Somerset County, Pa., and his grandfather on his mother's side was born in the Mohawk River Valley, in New York. Tlie parents of our subject, Jonathan and Elizabeth (Cline) Markley, were natives of Penn- sylvania. The}' migrated to this county in 1834, arriving at Canton on the 1st of October. They located on section 31, Fairview Township, and re- mained until the fall of 1841. They then removed to Eliisville, where the father died in 1842. After her husband's death the mother of our subject re- turned to the old homestead in Fairview Township RiKi thence went to Kansas, where her death oc- curred in 1874. Conrad Markley was born October 10, 1817, in an humble pioneer home in Ashland County, Ohio. His education was conducted in a primitive log schoolhouse of the early times. He was a stalwart youth of seventeen years when he accompanied his parents to their new home in this county. He re- mained with them until he married, March 31, 1842, Ruth, daughter of Benjamin and Amanda (Cone) Foster, becoming his wife on that date. Mrs. Markley is also a native of Ohio and was born in Madison County, ,lnly 15, 1823. Her marriage with our subject has been blessed by ten children, of whom the first two were twins and died very young. The others are as follows: Amanda, wife of John Walick, of Montgomery County, Kan., Louie, wife of George W. Lippy, also of Montgom- ery County, Kan.; Lewis Cass, vvho married Lauia Aldiidge and lives in Sumner County, Kan.; Mar- garet A. is the wife of Josiah Cattron, of Hickory Township; John A., who is a bachelor residing on a farm in Kansas and does his own housework; Tliomas F., who married Josephine Turner and lives in Hickory Township; Andrew Jackson, a bachelor living in Kansas; Josiah V.. who lives with his parents. Mr. and Mrs. Markley reared their children carefully, giving them good educational advantages, and he has given them a good start in life. He gave each of his boys, at the age of twenty- two, eighty acres of land in Kansas, a goud team, wagon and harness and $100, and did equally well by his daughters. One boy sold his eighty acres to his brother for iB3,000. The younger son, who re- sides at home, receives a good income from the rental of his eighty acres of land. Mr. iSIarkley resided on his mother's farm for four years after he was married. When he first began his career as a.i independent farmer he had nothing but his wife, to whose capable and devoted assist- ance he owed much of his after prosfierity, and nil his personal property was vested in a cow. He had besides about $600 security debt to ixay. In the Sjjring of 1848, having worked hard and accom- plished much, he came out even with the world and with a team, wagon and harness, the latter be- ing a contrivance made by himself, with chain tugs and an old strap for back- band. The wagon was also a [irimitive affair, manufactured partly in Canton and partly by himself and his friends. "With this outfit he started to build up a home, locating on section 2, Deerfleld Township, where he now resides. He has met with more than ordinary success in the prosecution of his calling, and has now a finely im- proved homestead of two hundred acres, eighty 9^x^6// PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 323 acres on section 2, and one hundred and twenty acres on section 31, Fairview Township. He is now taking the world eas)'. mailing oiccasionai visits to his children in Kansas. He still lias iiis farm under his management, though he does hut little work himself, lie and his good wife living in peace and contentment and enjoying the fruits of tlu'ir united labors. Mr. Marklcy is one of the old settlers here, and the only man now living in this township who w.'is here when he came, is Charles B. Edmonson, wiiose sketch will be found on another jiage of this work. He has so conducted himself both in pulilic and in private life as to honor the citizenship of this place and has borne an important part in its civic life. He has held the oth'ce of Supervisor for many years, was Assessor for a number of years, and Road Com- missioner and School Director. He cast his first vote for Martin Van Huren. ami has alwaj's stood stanchly by the Democratic I'arty. , UDLEY M. SIIIPP is one of the shrewdest and most intelligent agriculturists of Isa- bel Township, as is shown b}- the success which has crowned his efforts. His home is on section 27, and his real estate comprises over six hundred acres of the very best land. He oi)er- ates about five hundred acres, wiiicli furnishes him a field for very extensive operations in the crops best suited to the situation and the soil on which he works. ^Inch of the laml is in the Spoon River bottom and ^Ir. Sliipp was the first to begin the construction of a levee to protect the land against overflow. The levee has now been extended by other farmers until it is five miles in length. Mr. Shiiip's portion of it cost him liHtOO. Tl-.e enter- prise was begun by him in l.sG7. and he was the first man in this vicinity to raise cro[)S on the bot- tom. The grandfather of our subject was John Shipp, jirobiibly born in \'irginia, whence he removed to Kentucky in a very early day, when panthers and bears were numerous there. He was verj- fond of hunting and in the luirsuit of that pleasuie had several narrow escapes from being killed by pan- thers. On one occasion he was resting on a log in the woods when he heard a crackling in the brush behind hira and turned just in time to raise his trusty rifle and shoot a panther which was spring- ing n[)ou him. He was a farmer and a distiller of peach brandy and apple jack. He lived to be more than fourscore years old, breathing his last in Hart County, Ky. Walker Shipp, the father of our subject, was born in Taylor County, Ky., reared on a farm there and continued to make the county his home until 1835. He then located in Hart County in a section where deer were plentiful, and the memory of our subject includes the sight of his father shooting those ani- mals. Mr. Shipp came to Central Illinois in the winter of 18(>4, and lived with our subject from that time until his death, which took place when he was (ift3'-eight years old. He was a. Democrat un- til the outbreak of the Civil War, after which he gave Ills allegiance to the Republican part}'. He was an earnest Christian, identified with the Ba()- tist Church. The mother of our subject was known in her girlhood as Rebecca Mardis. Like her husband she was born in Taylor County, Ky., and was a con- sistent member of the Baptist Church. She passed away at the age of sixtj'-fivc years, in the Indian Territory, where she was living with a daughter. She was the mother of eight children, all of whom wrew to maturity although three have now crossed the river of death. The subject of this notice is the first-born. The others are, Marion F., .Tohn R., Ma- linda, Sally, James M., JMrs. Ellen Jackson and Mrs. Harriet Seaj'. Malinda, Sally and Harriet are deceased. The gentleman whose name introduces this life history was born in Taylor County, Ky., October 1 1 , 1832, and accompanied his parents to Hart County when he was two years old. He attended school in the primitive log cabin with its slab benches, greased paper windows and writing desks around the walls, where each scholar jiaid a quarterly fee for tuition and the teacher boarded round. His school attend- ance was mainly during the winter months and the summers were devoted to work on the farm in which he. as the oldest of the familw bore a promi- 324 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. nent part. Young Shipp was but twenty jears old when he married and began life for himself. He purchased over one hundred acres of land in La Rue County and began housekeeping in a hewed log dwelling. A year later he sold the property and moved on his father's place in Hart County where he farmed until 1855. In October of that year Mr. Shipp started for this count}-, making the trip with a team and wagon, but wlien he reached Richland Count}', this State, the roads were so bad that he remained there dur- ing the winter, coming o.i here in the spring. He settled near Petersburg and began working in a sawmill in which be subsequently bought an inter- est. The venture proved a poor investment and he finall}' sold out his interest and removed to Havana, remaining there a short time and then hiring out on a farm at 120 per month. The next j'ear he raised a crop on shares and continued so to do about five years. In 1864, Mr. Shipp bought one hundred and sixty-four acres on section 24, Isabel Township, where twenty-five acres had been broken and a log cabin built. He replaced the rude dwelling by a somewhat better one made of hewed logs, which was his home twelve years. Four years after his first purchase he bought one hundred and sixty acres adjoining on the same section, and in 1872 purchased the land be now lives upon on section 27. Still later he added eighty acres, having prospered greatly in his undertakings as a tiller of the soil and in raising large numbers of animals. The fine frame dwelling now occupied by his family was put up by him in 1881. In construction, design and situation it ranks among the very best in the township. It stands on a high hill overlooking the valley, thus giving it* occupants a beautiful view over hill and dale, valley and plain, where fields of yellow grain, orchards, groves and tasteful farm buildings present a charming picture to the eye. Mr. Shipp has been twice married. The first union was consummated December 15, 1850, the bride being Miss Mary E. Seay who was born in Kentucky in 1834. She became the mother of three children upon svhom were bestowed the names of Charles J., George W. and John VC. The youngest of the group is the onl}- one now living. The mother died March 21, 1883, strong in the faith of the Baptist Church of which she had long been a member. Mr. Shipp contracted a second matrimonial alli- ance October 31. 1883, when he was united to Sarah E. Landis. a native of this count}', born in Bernadotte Township, October 9, 1852. The pres- ent Mrs. Shipp is a daughter of John and Phebe (Littlejohn) Landis, the former of whom was a na- tive of Pennsylvania and the latter of Ohio. Mr. and Mrs. Landis were early settlers in this county and the husband died on their farm in Bernadotte Township,at the age of fifty-two years. Mrs. Landis is still living. She is a member of the Free Meth- odist Church. The second marriage of^ our subject has been blest to himself and wife in the birth of three children — Dudley L., Bruce and Flossy D. Mr. Shipp brings. tojthe consideration of all sub- jects presented to his mind, the shrewdness and cautious judgment that have characterized his agri- cultural c3reer.~[^He is a firm believer in the po- litical doctrines of the Republican party and there- fore casts his vote with that element. He has helil the offices of Road Commissioner and School Trus- tee for fourteen years, and has also been the incum- bent of other minor offices. He belongs to Lewis- town Lodge, Xo. 51. I. 0. O. F. He is identified with the Baptist, and Mrs. Shipp with the Metho- dist Church. Elsewhere in this volume will be noticed a litho- graphic portrait of Mr. Shipp. — #-#- ¥ ILLIAM TEMPLE TOLER, M. D., de- 1/ ceased, was for many years one of the '5^^ most prominent physicians of Fulton County, and at his death his profession w.is de- prived of one of its noblest representatives, and the citizenship of the community suffered a sad loss. He was a resident of Astoria during nearly the whole of his professional life, and had built up in this village one of its most beautiful and at- tractive homes. Dr. Toler was a native of Virginia, born near PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 5-2 •) the city of Richmond, November 27, 1827. For the history of his parents, Thomas and Mary (Hun- ton) Toler, sec biography of Dr. 15. C. Toler, wliich may be found on anotlier page of this volume. Our subject laid a. solid foundation for his medical education under the tuition of his father, who trained him carefullj- in the English branches and in the classics. He commenced to study for his profession under the instruction of Dr. O'Neal, of liath. III., and subsequently entered the Louis- ville, Jvy.. Medical College, from which he was graduated in 1851. He began his career as a physician at Otto, tiiis county, wlience he came three years later to Astoria. For nearly thirty j-pars he activel}- pursued his high calling here, having a large practice, extending even beyond the limits of the county. He became noted for his rare skill in the treatment of difficult cases, and was considered the finest physician in this sec- tion of tiie country, standing at the head of his profession. In the month of September, 1882, Dr. Toler's great, warm heart was stilled forever, and bis weary brain and over-taxed body found rest in death. He was mourned by many far be\ond his sorrowing home circle, as he was the beloved physician and cherished friend in many a house- hold where his presence had brought healing, or had soothed the last hours of the dying. He was rarely adapted to his profession by nature and temperament, possessing, as he did, refined, sym- pathetic feelings, a high sense of honor, a clear brain, stcnily nerve, and other essentials of the true physeian. His daily intercourse with others was marked by a genial, courteous temper and considerate kindness. Though he was a quiet and unassuming man, he w.as an influence for much wood in the conununity where so much of his life was passed, as his every deed and act were guided by the liigiiesl principles of truth, integrity and morality. He w.as a Christian man in every sense of the term, and his place in the Christian Church of Astoria, where his name was the synonym of love and charity, can never be filled. He was one of its leading incuil)ers, was foremost in its every good work, and for years was an Elder of the cliuich. We (■.'uinot tliink tliat such a life can come to naught, but we reverently believe that he has now entered -'upon broader fields of action and duty, where nobler struggles shall task the strength and more precious crowns award the victor, where the hopes and dreams of earth shall be turned to sight, and the broken circles of life be rounded to the perfect orb." Dr. Toler and Miss Sarah A. Morrow were mar- ried in the month of April, 1857. Mrs. Toler was born in North Carolina May M, 1831. Her father, Arthur Morrow, was a native of either Nortli Caro- lina or Virginia. He married Jani^ Campbell, who was born in the former State. They lived in North Carolina until about 1832, and then came to Illinois, making the removal thither with teams, cooking and camping by the waj' at night. The3' first settled in Greene County, and subsequently took up their residence in Mason County, of which they were pioneers. In 1851 Mr. Morrow came to Fnlton County with his family, and after living a number of years in Waterford Township he came to Astoria and spent the remainder of his life here. His wife died in Mason County. They reared eight children, two sons and six daughters. Mrs. Toler was ver}' young when her parents brought lier to Illinois, and she remained with them until her marriage, receiving a careful train- ing in household duties that eminently- fitted her to preside over a home of her own. She is a true, generous-hearted, womanly woman, and holds a warm place in the affections of those about her. She is one of the valued members of the same church with which her husband's name is indissol- nbly connected. Three of the children born of her marriage with our subject are now living — Temple E., Alice E. and John C. Temple, a merchant of Astoria, married Miss Emma McHue. and they have two children — Mabel and William; Alice married George Rice, a merchant of Astoria, and tiiey have two children — Bessie and Ilattic. John C, a druggist at Galesburg, 111., has been twice muried. He was first wedded to Miss Dolla Kost, who died, leaving one child, Mildred. He was subsequently married to Mrs. Eva (Kost) Merrill. a sister of his former wife. Dr. and Mrs. Toler in the kindness of their he.uts adopted liieir niece. Miss Lizzie Morrow, when she 326 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. was an infant, and reared her as tenderly as if she were their own daughter. She married Charles Home, a resident of San Diego. C.il. Dr. Toler was a man of much practical business talent and financial ability, and by the judicious investment of his money acquired a valuable prop- perty. and became one of the wealth}' men of As- toria. He was prominent in social circles as a member of Astoria Lodge, No. 100, A. F. A- A. M. -€-*-^ ^-^ JOHN F. RANDOLPH. This county is pre- eminently the home of the agriculturist, and ever3-where Ihrougliout its expanse the ej-es of the traveler rest upon thoroughly culti- vated fields, fine orchards, substantial buildings and all the appurtenances which indicate well-directed and successful efforts. The estates which are held bj' its many farmers are not, as a general thing, so wide in extent as those of the dwellers in the prai- rie Stales beyond the Mississippi, but are more val- uable on account of their exceeding fertility and fine improvements. One of the largest landowners in this countj- is John F. Randolph, who is the fortunate possessor of eiglit hundred and sixty acres in Joshua and Canton Townships. His dwell- ing stands on section 19, Canton Township, and is a commodious and well-built structure, accompan- ied by the various outbuildings which are neces- sar}- to carr}- on the work in which the owner is eng.aged. Besin, native of New- market, N. J., and daughter of Martin and Eunice (Bartow) Holton. The Holtons were of English blood, while the Bartows were of German extrac- tion. Mrs. Randolph's fatlier was a blacksmith by trade, and died in the year 18.51, at the age of eighty-one, while on a visit in Illinois. Her mother died when seventy-seven years of age, and to her marriage were born eleven children, seven of whom reached maturity, viz: Elizalieth, Ephraim, Sarah, Precilla, Julia, Eunice, and Joseph. The subject of our sketch was born March 29, 1 811, being one of the Qve children born to his parents who grew to mature years, the others be- ing: Sarah, Charlotte, Louisa, and Phcebe. After their marriage, Mr. and Mrs. Randolph made their home on farms in Elizabeth and New Market, N. J., until 1839, at which time they removed to Illi- nois, making the journey in a wagon. This trip, though long and tiresome, was quite enjoyable ow- ing to the fact that three other wagons filled with relatives of Mr. Randolph came with them. They started from New Jersey in November, and did not reach Farmington until Januarj- 3, 1840. Mr. Randolph bought land in Trivoli Township, Peo- ria County, the estate embracing thirty acres, and built a nice house. However, he traded property several times, and Snally became the owner of one hundred and sixty acres, and naturally had the trouble common to pioneers who must break up and cultivate the soil on new land. To Mr. and Mrs. Randolph have been born three children, viz: j\Iary A., Louisa C, and Margaret E. Mary A. married Jacob Berdine, a farmer of Hancock County, 111., and has four children — Ran- dolph, Anna L., Flora, and Charles. Of these Anna L. married Millord McFarland, a blacksmith at Powelton, and has one child, Robert; Flora, who is now Mrs. John Thornbur, resides in Hancock County, and has three children — Grace, Harry, and one unuamed; Charles is man led and lives in Ne- braska, and has one child. Louisa married Thomas Dunlap, resides in Wyoming, and has four chil- dren — Anna, Julia R., William, and James. Mag- gie marrieil Crcorge W. Smith, and makes her home in Farmington. Mr. Randoli)h is in sj'mpathy with the l\opub- lican party, and a strong sui)portcr of his party PORTRAIT AND BlOGRArillCAL ALBUM. 329 principles. lie was at one time a Democi'at, but cliangeil from that party because he could not agree with them on the slavery question. He lived at Canton twelve or fourteen years, and lias been popular and highlj' respected in all communities where he has resided. Both Mr. and Mrs. Ran- dolph are members of the Baptist Church, and con- tributed liberally to building this church at Farra- ington. "'v^#^ — 1 < « ^ =^i=t:^ '-i~- ILLIAM S. COOPER. Among the rising young men of Fulton County, native and to the manor born, none is more worthy of representation in this Bioghai'iiical Alhuji, than this gentleman. He comes of good old New Eng- land Mood, and of Revolutionar}' stock. His fa- ther, Francis A. Cooper, was born in Pennsylvania, December 4, 1834. He removed with bis parents to Coshocton County, Ohio, when he was about eight years old, and there he was reared on a farm. In 1854, he emigrated to tliis county, and being a man of considerable education, and of a fine, well-balanced mind, his services were gladly accepted as a teacher by the pioneers whom he found here. He also gave his attention to farm- ing, renting land for about three years, when he purchased eighty acres on section 22, Woodland Township. There were but little improvements on the place at the time he purchased it, but in the years of hard labor that followed he cleared and improved the greater part of it, and thus greatly increased its original value. Mr. Cooper was married to Miss Angeline Pot- ter, December 9, 1862. She was born in Luzerne County, Pa., August 26, 1842. Her father was born in Pennsylvania in 1810. He was a farmer and came to this county with his family in 1854. He purchased a tract of land in Woodland Town ship, where he lived until his death at a ripe old age in 1865. He was a man of sincere Christian principles, and a member of the Missionary Baptist Church nearly all his life. He was decidedly a Re- publican, in his political views. The maternal great-grandfather of our subject was a native of New J^ngland, wiiere he carried on farming. He served in the Revolution. The Potter family came from England in early Colonial times. The father of our subject was a Democrat in poli- tics, and was active in local affairs. He held the olKce of Clerk of the township, and other minor ofiices. His death, April 21, 1866. called hence one of our most stable and respected citizen. The mother of our subject is still living, and makes her home on the old homestead. She is a woman of true Christian piety, and a valued member of the Ba[itist Church. She has two children, William S., !ind Francis A. William S. Cooper was born December 2, 1863. He has farmed the home place for ten years, and is raising some stock of good grades. He has just completed a fine frame house, which has cost him *1,000. He is decidedly with the Democratic party in polities, and is now serving his third year as Clerk of Woodland Township. His clear, intelli- gent mind, his tact and business qualifications, emi- nently fit him forthisofflce. He is finely educated, having been a close student of books since he gleaned his early education in the district schools. He is a fine penman, and this gift was assiduously cultivated while he was in attendance at the Val- paraiso Business College during the winter of 1889-90. He is still a student in that college, and will complete his course and be graduated the com- ing winter. EREMIAH P. WOLF. A prominent place among the agriculturists of this county is the just meed of the efforts of the gentleman above named, who is located on section I, Canton Township. His farm, which consists of two hundred and twenty-five acres, is a highly produc- tive tract, the fertility of which has been kept above par by^ a wise rotation of crops and the use of the best fertilizing agents. A first-class set of Duildings has been erected upon it and the other improve- ments made which stamp it as the home of one who believes in progress and enterprise. Mr. Wolf lives surrounded with all the comforts of life and may well be gratified with his financial standing. Our subject is a son of Thomas F. and Joanna 330 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. (Coleman) Wolf, the former a native of Virginia and llie latter of New Jersey. Their marriage was the first celebrated in this county and they were the first settlers in Orion Township, to which they removed after having lived for a time in Canton Township. Mr. Wolf toolc an active part in the political affairs of the vicinity and held numerous tfiwnship offices. For many years he was a Justice of the Peace. He breathed liis last February 3, 1863, in Orion Township, where the widow died July 27, 1881. Both had been active members of the Methodist -Church and for many years religious services were held at their home. Thej' had a large family, nine of their children living to maturity and five dying in early life. Jeremiali P. Wolf was tlie fifth child in the pa- rental family and born in Orion Township Decem- ber 3, 1841. His studies were pursued in the log- school house of his native township, and in com- mon with the sons of other farmers he early learned the details of an agricultur,al career. He resided under the parental roof until his marriage, first as an inmate of his father's household, and after the death of that parent, as his mother's helper and comfort. After his marriage he i)urchased the old homestead on which he continued to reside until December, 1881. At that time he sold the propert}' and removed to Canton Township where he had bought property some time before. The ceremony which transformed Miss Emma Wise into Mrs. J. P. Wolf, took place on the farm they now occupy, September 25, 1870. The estate was then owned by the bride's parents, Samuel and Susan (Keller) Wise, who were very early settlers in this count}^ Both Mr. and Mrs. Wise were born in Pennsjdvania and died on their faim in this township. Upon coming to this section Mr. Wise had engaged in milling in Canton, but after resid- ing there several years turned his attention to agri- culture. He and liis wife belonged to the Metho- dist Episcopal Church and constantly endeavored to carry out the principles of their faith in their daily walk and conversation. Their family con- sisted of thirteen children, of whom Mrs. Wolf was the youngest. The wife of our subject was born in tliis town- ship January 4, 1850, and educated in the county schools. She possesses one of those noble char- acters which make the name of woman revered wherever it is uttered, and is conscientious in the discharge of every duty which she owes to her be- loved companion and children. She has borne her husband seven children— Luella, George W., Bertha M., William C, Harry, Alta E. and Jeremiah P. William C. and Harry died in their infancy. Mr. Wolf is a representative Democrat, has taken an active part in local atTairs and has been called upon to serve his fellow-citizens in various public capacities. He was Supervisor of Orion Township twelve years, htis held the same office iri Canton Township three years, and has been School Director for a quarter of a century. In 1 882, he was elected County Treasurer and honorably: discharged the duties of the office four years. He and his wife are active and efficient members of the Methodist Epis- copal Church and are highly esteemed by those wlio know them, for their consistent and. useful lives. NOCII RAWALT. This gentleman belongs to the number of honorable, industrious men, formerly living in Fulton County, who have joined the silent majority and rest from their earthly labors. He was born in Indiana, November IG. 1827, and died in this county October 2, 1885, leaving a widow and seven children together with many friends, to mourn his loss. The life of Mr. Rawalt was marked with no event of unusual importance until after he had grown to manhood. His early days were spent in the usual manner, pursuing such studies as the schools of the time .and section gave command of, and in learning lessons of industry and energj- on a farm. His marriage was solemnized in 1848 in this county and the same j'ear he and his bride removed to Iowa. A home was made in Warren Count3', but after a sojourn of two years the family became residents of Jefferson County, whence they returned iiither in a few 3-ears. Mr. Rawalt bought one hundred and three acres of land in Lee Township on section 6, built thereon and im[)roved the place. He afterward added one PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 331 hundred and nine acres, making up a beautiful farm of two hundred and twelve acres, all of wiiieh was placed under cultivation and brought to a fine condition. He was a very hard-working man and in connection with his farming operated a thresher and clover-huller during the season. In 1863, Mr. Rawalt enlisted in Company F, Eighth Illinois Cavahy, and after serving as a valiant soldier about two years received an honor- able discharge at Wasliington and returned to his Lome in 1865. He resumed his peaceful occupation of agriculture and continued to pursue it zealously and intelligently until called hence. He discharged the duties of various local offices, among them being that of School Director, Commissioner of Highways and Justice of the Peace. He was a liberal contributor to every good cause and won the respect of those sbout him by his manly life and cliaracter. He was a Republican in politics. He belonged to the Masonic fraternity and was in- terred with the rites of the order at Prairie City. Tlie widow of Enoch Rawalt now has full control of the farm and business, and still makes her home on the estate where she spent so many j-ears witli her loved companion. She bore the maiden name of Caroline Miller and was born in Alaryiand, on the hanks of the Potomac River, March 30, 1828. She received her education in''Ohio where she was reared to the age of eighteen years, when she ac- companied her parents to this State, where about two years later she became the wife of our subject. She is the oldest cliild born to her i)arents, John and Sus.annah (Hovermill) Miller, her brothers and sis- ter bearing the names of John L, Benjamin F., Daniel L. and Sarah. Mr. and Mrs. Miller were born in Maryland, married there and after a few years of wedded life removed to Ohio. Some time later tiiey came to tliis State, locating near Canton where Mr. Miller breathed his last in 1864, and his widow in 1886. There were born to Mr. and Mrs. Rawalt the fol- lowing sons and dauglitcrs: Warren married Effie Chayney and lives in Lee townsliip; John M. still lives at the old home; Jones F. married Carrie Snider and lives in Lee Township; Bonnie married George Hopes who died January 2, 1890; Delia and Charles still remain with their mother; James is at home. In the possession and under the con- trol of the family there are six hundred and thirty acres of good land, all in Lee Township, and all except eighty acres accumulated since the war. It has been done by strict attention to business and hard work, the sons following in their father's footsteps and Mrs. Rawalt herself having proved a valuable assistant to her husband and counselor to her children. She is deserving of the respect con- ferred upon her as one of the most useful raemlters of the community. -^^Z :^^i^ OICHOLAS McCREARY lives in honorable / retirement in one of the many substantial 1 homes in Canton, his residence l)eing pleas- antlj' located on the corner of Oak and Fourth Streets. He was one of the pioneers of this county, was active in its agricultural developments and ac- quired a handsome competence that enables him to pass his declining years in comfort, and free from the necessity of hard labor and care which was his portion in earlier life. Mr. McCreary is a native of Maryland, born in Hartford County, April 9, 1816. His parents were Archie and Rachel McCreary, the former of whom was also a native of that State, and there passed his entire life in pursuit of his calling as a farmer. Nicholas was but three 3'ears old when his father died. His education was obtained in private schools as there were no public schools in his boyhood. In liis fifteenth year he was sent to learn the trade of manufacturing fine wire cloth and all kinds of wire goods. He followed that calling in the city of Wheeling, Va., about a month, then returned to Baltimore and worked in a wire cloth mill until 1837. After that Mr. McCreary returned to Mar3'land and "in the city of Baltimore was married, January 16, 1838, to Miss Frances A. Hughs, of that city, and a daughter of James Hughs, Esq. The fol- lowing June Mr. McCreaiy packed all his posses- sions in a one-horse wagon and started for this part of the country, which was then known as a part of the Great West, Canton being the oliject- 332 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. ivi; point of bis journey. For nine weeks he and his wife were on the way, the roads being so bad that some days they could not travel more than eight miles. Arriving at Canton, he pur- chased eighty acres of scliool land in what is now Buekheart Township. He settled on it and after- ward cleared his title from the Government by the payment of §1.25 per acre. Three years later he sold that tract of land and bought in its place one hundred and sixty acres in Putnam Township. He moved with his family to his new farm Februar3- 22. 1842, and actively entered upon its improve- ment. He developed it into a choice farm, and for man}- 3ears was actively engaged in general farming and was an extensive feeder of hogs and cattle, from the sale of winch he niade money rapidly. He continued to live there until 1887, when he retired to Canton to enjoy more at his leisure the comfortable property that he had accu- mulated, and since then he has made his home here. The first wife of our subject died November 27, 1846, leaving four cliildreu — J. H. lives in Joshua 'Sbwnship; .John L.. a resident of Missouri; Pa- melia J., wife of .John S. IMyers; and William H. March 18, 1847, Mr. McCrcary was married to his present wife, who was then Mrs. Martha Ashworth. She was a widow at the time she was wedded to our subject and her maiden name was Moran. She was horn in the city of Baltimore, Md., in 1818. Her father wss Richard L. Moran. and the maiden name of her mother was Hannah Hayden. Her m:iiriage with our subject has brought them nine children: P' ranees A., deceased ; Sarah M., wife of Mark Saunders; Susannah, wife of S. L. Gorham; Martha, widow of John A. Jameson; Elizabeth Ann; Julia E.. now Mrs. Lew R. Emory; Kate L., wife of M. L. Emor}'; Alice, wife of George Mor- row; and George A., who died at the age of seven months. Mr. McCreary served as School Director con- tinuousl}' for a period of twent3--Lwo years. He and his wife are devoted members of the Meth- odist Episcopal Church. ]SIr. McCrearj' holds one of the offices of the Church Board, and has taken an active part in Sundaj'-school work, and was Su- perintendent of the Sundaj'-school a number of years. While he was a resident of his farm he es- tablished the Pleasant Grove Sunda^'-school. In politics he is a sturdy Republican. He first voted for William Henry Harrison for President, and the last vote he cist was in favor of that gentle- man's grandson. XDREW ROCK. Tn every State of the Union the (lerman-American citizens are to be found, making their way steadih" on- ward in the accumulation of property and securing their moans bv honest industry, prudent economy' and untiring zeal. In this county a prominent position among agriculturists and land- owners is held by the gentleman above named, who is a native of Hesse-Darmstadt, born Feb- ruary 15, 1841. His parents, Simon and Elizabeth (Shnur) Rock, were born in the same province and came to this county in 1855. They made their first home here in Fairview Township, but in October, of the same year, located on section 14, Deerfield Township, where they subsequenth* died, the fa- ther July 12, 1889, and the mother January 17, 1890. Our subject gained a considerable part of his edu- cation in his native laud, but continued his studies in this country. He remained with his parents until twentv-oue 3'ears old, then worked by the month on a farm until his marriage, February 3, 1863, to Anna, daughter of Philip and Catherina Erb. Soon afterward he rented a farm of his father-in-law. upon which he made his home five 3'ears, at the same time operating other lands which he rented. At the expiration of that time he bought one hun- dred and sixt3' acres on section 36, Deerfield Township, where he now resides. He has since purchased eights' acres on section 35, and eighty- two acres on section 4, of the same township, and one hundred and fort}- acres on section 1. Cass Township. This makes a fine estate of four hun- dred and sixt3'-two acres of good land, the acquisi- tion of which is almost entirely' due to the personal efforts of the owner. The home farm of our subject is furnished with PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 333 an excellent frame house, substantial barns and all necessary improvements, botli it and tbe one in Cass Townsliip are well stocked. Tiie latter is also supplied witli a frame house, a good barn and oUier improvements. When iMr. Hock first started to work he received but $5 per month and he never got more than §15. From this sti|)end be saved money and made his lirst outlay for real estate, continuing' to economize and labor hard in order to build up a good home for his family and bestow upon- tiiem the man^' comforts and privileges which be desired. He has always been liberal toward those about him, never turning from his door a man that was in need if it was possible to assist him. He is endeavoring to rear his children in such a manner that they may also be useful in the world, and they are already assisting him in his labors. The family of Mr. and Mrs. Rock consists of one daughter and seven sons, named respectively : Lewis W., .John P., Simon E., CUiarles A., William A., Clara E., Franklin U. and George M. All are at home except the eldest, who is married and lives on section 4, of the same townsbii). The 3-onnger boys are so thoroughly "chips of the old block" that Mr. Rock finds it unneccessary to hire help, as they are able to give him all that he needs. Mr. Rock, altliough ostensibly a Democrat, is not so radical but that he will vote for the man who is best fitted to discliarge tlie duties of office, even if he is numbered in other part3- ranks. He has been Collector two years and .Supervisor two years. His religious membership is in the Lutheran Church, where he has held the offices of Deacon and Trustee. ENJAMIN TAYLOR, M. D., a retired physician, practiced his profession in Ver- '!^}))\1I mont several years. In 1882 he begun to give his attention to the culture of fruit, and has a fine fruit farm of forty-seven and one- tliird acres a half mile from the citj', which he is managing ver}- successfully. He has here a val- uable orchard of four hundred apple trees, two hundred pear trees, and a few of peach, plum, etc., besides eleven acres devoted to small fruils. He finds a ready sale for his fruit, which is of a superior quality and comprises many clioice varieties. The Doctor is a Pennsylvanian by birth, born in Chester County, April 5, 1821). He springs from the same family from which came the lafe Bayard Taylor, traveler, poet and author, and at the time of his death United States Minister to tlie German Court. Tlie father of our subject, whose given name was like his own, is thought to have been born in the same county as his son, while his fa- ther, Abraham Taylor, was either born in England or was a native of this country and born of Eng- lish parents. He was a resident of Chester County during his last years. Benjamin Taylor, Sr., was reared to agricultur.al pursuits, and followed farming all her days. He married Hannah Richardson, who spent her entire life in Chester Count3', surviving her husband many years. Mr. Taylor bought a farm in Penns- bury Township, Chester County, and there he died in 1832. He and bis wife were the parents of tliirteen children, of whom seven were reared, namely: Benjamin, Eliza, Xewton, Clarissa, Caleb, Sarah and Hannah. Newton served in the Mexi- can War, and died two or three days after his re- turn from disease contracted in tbe army. Hannah married Emmor Way, and lives in Chester County. Caleb lives in Wilmington, Del. The subject of this sketch was next to the young- est child in the parental famil3'. He attended school quite steadily in his youth, and later only in the winter seasons, as he had to work on his fa- ther's farm the rest of the year. He remained in Chester County until 18.50, and in the fall of that year emigrated westward, coming by rail to Johns- town, Pa., thence by canal to Pittsburg, from there by the Ohio, Mississippi and Illinois Rivers to Sharp's Landing, in Schuyler County, this State, whence he made bis way to McDonough County. He there bought a tract of wild land, located in Eldorado Township. At that time the prairie was sparsely settled, as the early pioneers had selected the timber land, thinking the open prairie worth- less for agricultural purposes. Deer were abund- ant and furnished good fare for the table of the settlers. The Doctor's first work was to erect a 331 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. log cabin on his tract of praiiie, and he then brolie forty acres of land and sowed it to wheat. The next year he traded that place for a tract of im- proved land adjoining. About that time he de- ci(led to turn his attention to medicine, and immediatelj' entered upon his studies with Dr. Ebenezer Clark, a pioneer ph3'sician of Industry Township. In 1855, our subject started upon his career as a pb3sician. In 1857, he sold his McDonough Count}' farm, and removing to Sheridan County, Mo., purchased a farm joining Keatville, the county seat. He resided there until the spring of 18G0, when he sold his place to an advantage and returning to Illinois, established himself in his pro- fession in Vermont, and was activel}* engaged in his vocation here several }'ears. Though he has now nliandoned his professional life, his old friends and patients often call upon him to administer to their ills, preferring his services to those of the younger doctors who have taken his place. In 1853, Dr. Taylor contracted a matrimonial alliance with Miss Mary Clark, a native of the S'ate of New York, and a daughter of Ebenezer and Julia Clark. Of the children of that marriage tlie following five are living — Annie, Marietta, Clara, Elmer and Howard. Our subject's union with his present wife was consummated in 1870. Mrs. Taylor was formerly Miss Gabriella Gibson, a native of McDonough County, and a daughter of William and Mary Gibson. The Doctor and his wife have six children living, as follows: William, Fr.mk, Jesse, Lillie, Maude and Blanche. F. HUFFORD, Attorney-at-Law, Canton. A life time spent in pursuing one calling- will almost certainly result in substantial success, especiallj^ jf energy' and persever- ance are applied, and such is undoubtedly the case with Mr. Ilufford, who, frorn early boyhood has given the stud}' of law his chief time and attention. IMr. Hufford is a son of Francis M. and Hannah (Bull) Ilufford, and was born in Buckheart Town- ship, on the 6tli of March, 1858. While an in- fant he sustained the sad loss of his mother; and was but four 3'ears old when his father was killed in the army. Left tlius, in the tender years of childhood, without either of his natural protec- tors his fate would indeed have been sad, but for the fact that an aunt took charge of him, kindl}' giving him tlie same loving care and atten- tion that his parents would have bestowed upon him. He attended the district school of his neigh- borhood, and even there evinced a natural aptitude for stud}', and when older took an academic course in Bushnell and Dixon at the Normal Schools. After graduating with honors from these institutes, he entered the Bloomington law school, where he graduated with a diploma in June, 1887. Previous to entering the latter-named school he had read law with Daniel Abbott, of Canton. Onr subject first located in Quincy and there practiced his profession most successfully for a pe- riod of two 3ears, in partnership with Gen. M. M. Bane. Returning to Canton, he practiced alone until 1890, at that time entering into a partner- ship with R. J. Millard, the Brm name being, Huf- ford ife Millard. The}' do a general law business, and are besides agents for several good Fire Insu- rance Companies. The}' are fast making a reputa- tion in the legal world, and are recognized as one of the best firms in Canton. Our subject is a gen- tleman of superior moral worth, having gained the confidence of all who knew him from boyhood to manhood. He is a member of Morning Star Lodge No. 116, A. F. — 'Yl EWIS C. BREEDEN is prominent in the I (@ social, literary and political life of this j ^V", county as editor of the Lcwiston N'ews, a journal ably conducted in the interests of the Democratic parly; and as Secretar3' of the County Central Democratic Committee. He is a native of the county, born in Woodland Township, October 14, 1861. His paternal grandfather, Lewis Bree- den, was a native of Virginia, and from there dur- ing some period of his life he went to Indiana, and thence came to Illinois in 1848, and located among the pioneers of Pike County. He now resides in the village of Summum, in this county, and is sev- enty-eight years old. His life-record has been such as to secure him respect and esteem from all who know him. Ilis wife, who is the stay and comfort of 338 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. his ilecliuiug years, was a native of the State of New York, and her maiden name was Anna Handee. .Toliii II. Breedeu, the father of our subject, was born in the pioneer home of his parents in Indiana. He was young when he accompanied them to Pilte County, this Slate, and tliere he was reared on a farm. Heiwas a studious lad, eagerlj^ taking ad- vantage of jever3' opportunity for securing an edu- cation, and while yet in his teens tauglit school. He was ambitious to become a doctor, and at the age of twenty-two commenced the study of raedi cine and became a student of Rush Medical Col- lege, of Chicago. At the close of his medical education he established himself in Summum, and has been in active practice there since, and is one of the leading pliysicians of the county, standing deservedly higli in his profession. The maiden name of the mother of our subject was Sarah Stoner. .She was born in Ohio, and is a daughter of Joseph Stoner. The wedded life of iierself and Dr. Breeden has been one of mutual happiness and contentment, and has been blessed to them b}' the birth of three children, whom they have carefully educated and trained to useful and honorable lives, whose names arc as follows: Har- vey O., Lewis C. and DoUie. Harvey' is pastor of the Central Christian Church at Des Moines, Iowa. The subject of this brief biographical review is liberally educated. He pursued a course of stud}' at Abingdon College, and then entered Butler Dni- versit}'^ at Irvington. Ind., one of the finest insti- tutions of learning in the West, and was a student there for four years. He inherited scholarly^ estates and applied himself closely to his books, and was graduated with honor in the class of 1884. He was well equipped for any career that he might choose to follow, and as he had a decided inclination to- wards journalism, he bought the office and appur- tenances of the Lewistown News, and has since de- voted himself to the management of the pajier in connection with job printing. The paper is well conducted, is a bright, newsy, original sheet, aus of four years' con- tinnous service. During tliat time he liad veteran- ized after three years for anotlier tliree years, or during tlie war. He was twice wounded; once at tlie battle of Keuesaw by a piece of shell, but he pluckily remained with his regiment, and vvas again hit by a musket ball the 10th of August, l.S(J4. in front of Atlanta. The latter wound laid him up for about two weeks, but he sturdily refused to go to the hosi)ital. He still bears the scars so bravely won by him while defending his country's honor. After the Grand Review the rest of the army was mustered out, but the Second Division of the Fif- teenth Corps,which included our subject's regiment, was sent to Little Rock, Ark., where he and his comrades continued in service two months, and were then honorably discharged and sent liome. After his long and hard experience of life in the army our subject returned to Fulton County, and quietly resumed farming, the occupation to which he had been bred. In 1872 he obtained the com- panionship and help of a good wife in his labors, by his marriage to Miss Phrebe J. Watson, of Smith- field, the daughter of A. S. Watson, a well-known man of this county. Since their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Curfman have lived in Harris Township, where he has held the position of agent for the past five years, at the Seville station on the Toledo, Peoria (k Warsaw Railway. He also operates the engine for the pumping works in connection with his other duties. He is prompt and faithful in^the discharge of his duties, devoting his best energies to looking after the interests of the (company that employs him, and is regarded bj^ the officials of the road as one of their most useful men. Five children have blessed their marriage to our subject and his amiable wife, whom they have named: Charles C, Mary Ellen, Joseph Martin, John L., and Lula May. Mr. Curfman is a Re- publican in politics, but does not care to take a very active part in the political life of the town, though the value of his citizenship is never questioned. He proved his loyalty by his conduct during the war. He was then often in the midst of verv hotly contested battles, and of one of these the history of his regiment states that five hundred and twelve men went into the light, and in two hours and twenty minutes, two hundred and forty-eight of them had been slain by the eneui^' or severely wounded, and twenty-six were taken prisoners. •"S=§ ' "^ I— I— I ] M. WATSON. It is imjiossible in a brief biographical sketch to render full justice to prominent men, and yet there are some who are so intimately and clearly identified with the county's welfare, and whose names are so fa- miliar to all that it is only justice to dwell upon what the}' have done and the influence of their ca- reer u])on others, not as empty words of praise, but the plain statement of a plain truth. To this class belongs J. M. Watson, commonlj' called "Roe" Watson, Assessor of Cass Township, who is a young man of indisputable abilit}', and good business habits, and one alike popular in social and mercan- tile circles. He is an active, wide-awake farmer, and has won great success in pursuing this, his fa- vorite occupation. Our subject's birth occurred on section 29, this township on the 19th of Jul}-, 1852, he being the son of John D. and Catharine (Cameron) Wat- son, natives of Indiana and Illinois, respectively. His fatiier is numbered among the pioneer settlers in this State, and experienced all the hardships and privations incidental to a residence in an unde- veloped country. He was called upon to mourn the loss of his beloved wife in 1856. To them had been born three children, all of whom reached rna- turit}', but of whom our subject is the only one liv- ing at the present writing. His father was married again and now makes his home in Oregon. The subject of our sketch was the recipient of a common-school education, but at an early age man- ifested a lively interest in educational matters, and an amount of industry and integrity of purpose that could but result in success. Following the footsteps of his father he has always devoted his 34G PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALIJUM. attenliou to farming, with the exception of a few years during which time he tried railroading. At the early age of twenty-one he commenced to make a business record for himself, and is now the owner of a valuable estate near Smithfield, and also of an elegant residence. Mr. Watson was married April 3, 1873, to ^liss M-ry C. Cable, daughter of Solomon Cable, and immediately after his marriage settled upon his present farm, which comprises one hundred and forty acres of excellent land all in a body, one hun- dred acres of which are in a sfate of perfect culti- vation. Besides agiiculture, he is also largely in- terested in stock-raising, buying and selling all the time. To Mr. and Mrs. Watson have been born six chil- dren, viz: Carrie B., Sadie C, Josie M., James H., John H., and William E. all of whom are living at the present date. Our subject is a member of SmithCeld Lodge No. 103, I. O. O. F., and has held the office of Treasurer, and others of equal importance. He takes an active interest in political issues, voting the Democratic ticket, and has at various times been a delegate to conventions. His interest in school matters is very pronounced, and his children are all receiving excellent instruc- tion. Mr. Watson is classed among the pre-eminenllj^ successful agriculturists of Cass Township, and has lost no opportunity for improving his estate, or contributing to the general welfare of the com- munity who hold him in such high esteem. ^^EORGE FOUTS. This gentleman is the ll (=, owner and occupant of a productive tract ^^/^ of land on section 12, Lee Township, which he purchased and took possession of in the spring of 1870. The farm consists of one hundred and thirty-five and a quarter acres, bears the usual im- provements, and is so managed as to bring forth abundant crops of good qualitj'. Our subject comes of a good familj', being a son of Michael and Elizabeth (Kuhn) Fonts, who were natives of the Keystone State. From that common- wealth they came to Ellisville, this county, in 1852. The mother passed away in 1871, and the father breathed his last in Iowa ten years later. Jlr. Fonts was an o\vn cousin of the well-known Simon Cameron. Our subject is a twin of John Fonts, now living in Ellisville, their natal day having been February 18, 182G. Their native place was Huntingdon County, Pa., and iu the district schools they were educated. In the fall of 1850, he of whom wc write was married, and immediately af- terward engaged in digging iron ore at SIG per month. The man who could obtain that remunera- tion was considered an extra hand. Our subject accompanied his parents to this county in 1852, and locating at Ellisville, worked at the carpenter's trade and wagon-making until 1870. During that period he made three trips across the plains, spending one winter in Salt Lake City. He next located on the estate which he still occupies, from the operation of which he has been gaining a good maintenance, and laj'ing up some- thing against a rainy day. The good wife of Mr. Fonts was born in Penn- sylvania, Januar}' 19, 1828, and was known in her maidenhood as Miss Eliza M.- Shaffer. She is a daughter of Adam and Elizabeth (Lowe) Shaffer, who were natives of Pennsylvania, and are now de- ceased, the mother having died in 1852, and the father in 1875. Mrs. Fonts is the third child and eldest daughter in a group consisting of four boj's and four girls. She became the wife of our subject. November 11, 1850. and has striven hard to be a capable helpmate and a wise mother. She is a con- sistent member of the Lutheran Church, an excel- lent housekeeper, and is well liked by all who know her. Mr. and Mrs. Fonts have had fourteen children. Three sons and three daughters died when young. The living are Frank F., born March 3, 1856, and still living with his parents; FAla. M., born M.ay 11, 1858, now the wife of Charles Staton, living at Lewistown; Agnes S., born December 13, 1859. still at home; Clara A., born October 27, 1861, and living in Colorado; George W., born August 28, 1864, who married Amanda Lathbury, and lives at Lewistown; Robert Sherman, born September 9, 1866, now living iu Shelby City, Iowa; Emma La PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 347 Rue. born December 2. 1869, a teacher in this county-; Flora Belle, born February 17, 1873. at- tending the Normal School at Lewistown with llie expectation of being graduated in the spring. Mr. Fonts was a Whig nnlil after the organiza- tion of the Republican party, when he gave his support to the new inslitulion. but he takes no ac- tive part in politics of late. He belongs to the Odd Fellows fraternity, has held all the offices in the lodge, and has been a representative to the Grand Lodge of the State; is a member of Ijodge No. 78. He has had his full share of local oflices, having been Koad Commissioner of the township three years. School Director nine years. and I'athmas- ter during a long period. He was also elected to the office of Justice of the Peace, but would not .ac- cept. Mr. Fonts is not identified with any relig- ious body, but is a liberal contributor to the sup- port of the church, and manifests a deep interest in other good works. -^¥r "JOSEPH C. MYERS, has met with more than ordinary success as one of the most skillful and wide-awake farmers and stock-raisers of this county, and, while yet in the prime of life, has been enabled to retire practically from business. He has a beautiful home in Canton, oc- cupying one of the finest residence properties of the city, pleasantly located on North Main Strset. Mr. Myers was born September 3, 1 844, in F'rank- lin County, Pa., He was the fifth child in a family of thirteen children born to Henry and Maria (Eshelraan) Myers, natives of the Keystone State. In 1848 they settled among the pioneers of this county ou a farm in Canton. They resided tliere one year, then settled permanently in Farming- ton, where the father gave his attention to agricul- tural pursuits. He is still living on his homestead there, and is now in his seventy-eighth year, hav- ing been born November 2, 1813. His wife was born September 11, 1817, a daughter of John Esh- elman, who was a native of Germany. The Myers family was also of German descent. Joseph C. Myers of whom this sketch is written. nas about four years old when his parents brought him to this county. He gleaned a good education in the Farmington schools, and as early as nine years of .age, began to help his father on the farm. When he was sixteen years old, he began to assist in operating a tlu-cshing machine, which was hired by the farmers in the township. This w.as too hanl work for a youth of his 3-ears, and it impaired his health, which has never been as good as it was be- fore. He remained with his parents until he reached his twentj'-first year, when he began farming on his own account. He bought stock, which he fed and sold, and occasionally he sent hogs to the Chi- cago market. lie continued thus actively engaged in the stock business for seventeen years, and dur- ing the past four years of that period, dealt exten- sively in fine horses, matching and selling them and he h.as won the highest |)rizes of any man in Ful- ton Count}' for well-matched and well-bred teams, and has sold a span of horses for ^62.5. Mr. Mj-ers still owns his farm of two hundred and seventy .acres of choice land, situated on the line, part of which lies in Canton, and part in Farmington Township, which he rents on shares. It is amply supi)lied with neat and well-ordered buildings, .and with the finest of farming machin- ery. He still p.a3S mucli attention to the breeding of fine Poland-China hogs, though he has retired from general farming. In 1888 he left his home- stead, and coming to Canton, purchased a large and fine residence, with its beautiful surroundings, known as the Harry Balton place, where he is en- jo3'ing all the luxuries and comforts that make life worth living. In his career .as a farmer and stock- raiser, he has displayed more than ordinary capa- city, as he began life with but little means, and even had to go in debt for his first plow, but he has conquered all the difficulties that lay in his path, has risen above adversitj', and is one of the moneyed men of the city of Canton to-day. He is generous and public-spirited as a citizen, is upright as a man, and in his domestic relations is all that a kind husband and good father should be, while his neighbors ever find him friendly and obliging. In politics he is rather conservative, voting in Na- tional and State matters with the Democrats. Mr. and Mrs. Myers began their pleasant wedded 348 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. life in the month of January, 1871, and to them have come two daughters, Blanche L., and Mabel lone, vvho is attending school in Canton. Prior to her marriage, Mrs. IMyers was Mary J. Swilzer, of Farmington Township. She was born and reared in this county, and is a daughter of Jesse and Aba- rilla Switzer, who were early pioneers of the county, coming here in 1836. ^ EVY McVeigh DONNELLY, who is ably I /?§) managing tlie large Leaman estate in Har- jjL^^ ris Township, is a prominent citizen of this part of the countj-, and is widely known as one of Its leading politicians. 5Ir. Donnelly is a native of Ohio, the place of liis birth in Licking County, and the date thereof August 27, 1841. His parents were James and Evaline (Jenkins) Donnelly. His mother was a daughter of Levy and Mary Jenkins, of Ohio. .She died when he was tiiree weeks old. and he was reared by his uncle John McVeigli. He lived in Ohio until he was thirteen years old, when, in 1854, his uncle moved to Fulton County. I!!., and settled six miles west of Canton, where now is the station of Civer. In 1856, he removed to Lee Township, where lie resided until 1858, wiien he bought a farm tiiree miles from Marietta. Mr. Donnelly grew to manhood on that farm, .and wlien his uncle and aunt became so feeble from old age that they could not care for themselves, he cared for them until tliey died, his aunt dying Feb- ruary 10, 1862. and his uncle August 4. 1864. The}- were very kind to him, and he never knew what it was to lack a mother's love, or a father's care. Indeed, he knew no other father than his uncle, as his own had remarried after his mother's death, and moving to Kansas, had died there. Our subject chose to follow the occupation to which ho hail been reared, and has become one of the most practical and substantial citizens of Harris Town- ship. After marriage he lived in Marietta from the fall of 1868 until the fall of 1883. During that time he started a store there, which he soon sold out, and for eleven years was Constable of the town. He was first elected Justice of the Peace in 1879, and has held that ofBce continuously since that time. In 1883 he removed to his present place of residence on the R. F. Leaman estate, which com- prises some seven hundred acres of land, on whicli is a valuable stone quarry of fine sandstone for building purposes. Mr. Donnelly, is managing this quarry for tlie widow of Mr. Leaman, who resides in Cincinnati, Ohio, and to whom he makes monthly reports. Under his able and energetic management, the quarry is turning out a great quantitj' of sandstone that is bringing in a hand- some income to its owner, who gives our subject a fine salary in repaj-ment for his services which she appreciates. At tlie age of twenty, Mr. Donnelly was married to Miss Ann Maria More\-, a daughter of Zenas J. and Anna Jlorey. Her father came from New York, and her mother from her l)irth|)lace in Ohio, and they were married herein pioneer times. Mrs. Donnellj' is a native of Fulton Count}-, and is in every respect worthy of the regard with which she inspires her neighbors and friends. Her marriage with our subject, has been blessed by the birth of six daughters and one son. and one daughter and the son ai-e now deceased, both dying in infancy, Anna P^veiine at the age of eighteen months. Those living are Ida Allealha.who lives at home, and is one of the finest educated, and best teachers in the township, and now presides over the school in her father's district; Tillie B., who is the wife of Jo- seph M. Jackson, of Peoria, who is an employe on the Toledo, Peoria & Western Railroad, and they have one boy. Earl D.; Carrie Ma\-, who is the wife of Leroj' Beers, a farmer of Webster City, Iowa, and they have one boy, Ezra D. ; Nora Maria is a miss at home attending school; and Nellie Luella. the youngest of tlie family, also at home. ^liss Ida and her two .sisters next to her are very fine pen- men. Mr. Donnell}- is gifted with the shrewdness, keen- ness, tact and decisive energy, that amply fit him for the important office of Sheriff, for which his fellow Democrats have nominated him, and there is no doubt that if he is elected he will discharge the duties devolving upon him w-ith masterly abil- ity, promptness and impartiality. In his nomina- tion for this office, although there were five other PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 351 prominent candidates, he received a majority over all at tiie primary meeting held by his party Au- gust 2, whifh shows his good standing with his fel- low Democrats. He lias been up before for this office, hut having failed of nomination in the cau- cus, with hearty good will, he would give his sup- port to ihe fortunate candidate. He is a man of agreeable and affable manners, and is popular with his associates. In his political views lie is a de- cided Democrat. He is one of the most active politiILLIAM W. BROWN. On the opposite is presented a lithographic portrait of old settler of Fulton County, who has been a farmer of Lewistown Townsiiip for forty-two years, in the meantime clearing and de- veloiiing a fine farm, where he has a comfortable home. His enviable position in life is due to his own unaided efforts, as he was early compelled to commence the battle of life on his own account. Adversity developed the sterling traits of his char- acter, and while acquiring for himself a compe- tency he has at the same time assisted in the development of the resources of his township and county, her present proud position among other States being due in no small measure to his pioneer labors. He is a native of tiie Buckeye State, and w.as born in Hopewell Township, Licking County, July 9, 1822. The fatiier of Mr. Brown, who bore the same name as himself, was a native of Washington County, Pa., and a son of James Brown, who was born near Dublin, Ireland. The latter was reared in the land of his nativity, and coining to America when a young man. located in Pennsylvania and there engaged in farming during the remainder of his days. The father of our subject was bred to the life of a farmer and in early manhood became a pioneer of Licking County, Ohio. He bought a tract of Government land and built a log house, in which humble home his son, of whom we write, was born. Thej' lived the primitive life necessi- tated by their pioneer surroundings, and the mother used to spin end weave, dressed her family in homespun and cooked their food before the rude fireplace. The country was sparsely inhabited, and deer, wolves, panthers and otiier wild beasts roamed at will through the forests. Mr. Brown cleared a farm, erected a substantial set of hewed-log build- ings, and there his life was rounded out when eighty-three 3rears of age. The mother of our subject, who was Isabella Wills prior to her marriage, was a native of New Jersey. She was a daugliter of William Wills, who was of Irish birth. He came to America with two brothers, David and Robert, and first settled in New Jersej'. From there lie removed to Licking County, Ohio, and was one of the earliest pioneers of Hopewell Township. He cleared a farm and made it his home until death called him hence. His daughter, Mrs. Brown, died on the home farm in Licking County, and now lies buried beside her husband in the Hanover churchyard. Both were devoted members of the Presbyteri.in Church. They reared a family of nine children, and five of them still live. William Brown, of this sketch, passed his early life in his native county, and was educated in its pioneer schools, that were taught in a rude log house with home-made furniture, split logs with pins inserted for legs serving for seats, and boards laid on wooden pegs that were inserted in holes in the wall, took the place of desks on which the larger scholars wrote. He lived with his parents until 1818 and then came to Illinois, accom[)anied by his bride, and after seventeen days' travel by team arrived in Fulton County. His first purchase here was of a tract of forty acres of land in Lewistown Township, of which two acres cleared and a log cabin constituted the only improvements. After living there two years Mr. Brown bought two hundred and sixteen acres of timber land, in- cluding his present farm, located on section 36, of 352 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. Lewistown Township, and section 31, of Liverpool Township. Having no mone3% he was oblige'! to go in debt for it. His first work was to cut away the brush to make room for the log house which he built at once. He has been a resident here ever since, and hy steady and downright hard pioneer labor has cleared the greater part of his land and developed it into a very desirable farm with all the necessary improvements. His agricultural vent- ures have brougbt him in money, and he has added forty acres to his homestead and no^s- has two hundred and fifty-six acres of well cultivated and pasture land. So many j'ears spent in this locality have given him an extensive acquaintance, and all who know him respect him not only as a worthy pioneer, but in his character as a good citizen and a man of many excellent traits. In his politics he is a sturdy Democrat. Mr. Brow-n's marriage with Miss Angeline Eord- ner was solemnized Januarj- 26, 1848. She was born in Dauphin County, and was a daughter of Peter and Christina Bordner. For her parental history see sketch of Moses Bordner. on another page of this Biogr.vphical Album. For more than thirty years the wife of our subject walked by Ids side, faithfully shared the toils and sacrifices of their pioneer life, and heliied him to become pros- perous, and her der.th iu 1884 was a sad loss to him. Three of their six children are now living. Sarali M. married William Heikes; Christina Isabelle married Franklin Woods; James H. is the name of the son. JV.^Oir- : -4f < — -«■• >»<: • < ■ fcHOMAS W. WILSON, a man universally f,'/sv. popular, and one who has achieved great success in life, furnishes the subject for the present sketch, and we are pleased to represent such a public-spirited and courteous gentleman in our Album. Many years ago David Wilson was born in the State of Tennessee, and after a prosperous period of farming in his native place, moved to the Blue Grass State, settling in Knox County, after- ward removing to Harrison County, Ind., where he died. He was the grandfather of our subject, and a man well calculated to give noble principles to the younger members of his household. At the time he removed to Kentucky, his son, Joseph, fa- ther of our subject, was a lad of ten summers, and there he continued to reside up to the time he reached his twentieth year. He then went with the family to Harrison County. Ind., making the trip b\- wagon through a wild country, and being num- bered among the pioneers at that i>laoe. He pur- chased land in the woods, where he built a rude log cabin, and commenced to clear the land pre- paratory to cultivating the soil. He soon had his one hundred and sixty acres under good cultiva- tion, and continued lo make that his home until 1855, at which date be sold bis estate and removed to Fulton County, making this trip by w.ay of the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers, and in this county he died after attaining his eight}--third year. He was married in 1833. to Miss Mary Rogers, a native of Virginia, and to them were born two children, viz: Thomas, our subject, and Margaret, who is now Mrs. Amos Kinzer, and resides in Sedgwick. Kan. Mr. Wilson at an early age attended school, and received all the educational advantages possible in those days when the schoolhouses were rude, and the information imparted in them was meagre in- deed. Indiana at that time possessed none of the advanced ideas that at the present time make it a popular place for educational matters. He worked on a farm through the summer, thus becoming f.a- miliar with the duties of agricultural life, and when twenty years of age. he moved to Fulton County, where he bought one hundred and twenty acres of land on section 6, Kerton Township. The land was not cultivated, and nature r.an riot, so he had a great deal of hard work to clear the ground, and bring his property to its present value. He built a log cabin 18x20 feet in dimensions, and h.as con- tinued from time to time, both to improve and add to his farm. He purchased fifty-eight acres of river-bottom land on section 4. in 1888. Besides farming he is interested in stock-raising, and is re- garded as a most progressive and energetic farmer. Our subject on the loth of February, 1855. mar- ried Miss JIartha A. Deweese, of Harrison County, Ind., whose birth occurred December 11, 1839, and PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 353 who is a daughter of John Deweese. Her father was a native of Kentucky, removed to Indiana at an early date, and at the present writing is imking his liome in Ivansas witli his son. Mr. and Mrs. Wilson are the happy parents of eighteen children, viz.: .Sarah P., Joseph W., John W., Mary S., Mar- garet E., Charles S., Amos L.. Lafayette. Nandora, Emmett C. Laura B., Louis E., Mattie, Hayes, Thomas J., Gertrude. Abbie G., and Roseoe C. Mrs. WilbOn has been a faithful member of the Methodist Church since girlhood, and is a lovely Christian woman, and one very popular with all who know- her. M'. Wilson is a member of the Re- publican party. He has held many otBces of pub- lic trust, having served as Road Commissioner, School Trustee, and Collector for this township. Indeed, his popularity is great, and extends through- out the count)'. -€-^-^- OHN S. LEP], The agricultural regions of America have given a foothold to many a poor 30ung man, who bj^ reason of his de- termination to succeed, his industrious habits and his quick appreciation of favorable circumstan- ces. has overtaken Dame Fortune and won his crown . One of this class, residing ic Lewistown Township, is the gentleman above named, who is now num- bered amoDg the solid men of the township, in which he virtually commenced his career as a farm laborer. His home farm consists of one hun- dred and twenty acies of well improved cultivated and pasture land, upon which stands a complete line of good buildings. In addition to this he is the owner of a tract comprising one hundred and fifty acres on sections 9 and 16. and a quarter of section 12. In order to appreciate the efforts and qualities which have led to the success of our subject, it may be well to say a few words regarding his parents and his earl)' home. His father, Barton Lee, was born thirteen miles from Baltimore, Md., and there reared to manhood. During the early settlement of the Blue Grass State he went thither, locating in Lewis County, where he purchased a tract of heav- ily timbered land. There he began a clearing, building in the wilderness a hewed log house in which our subject opened his e3-es to the light November 12, 1823. The father cleared and im- proved his estate, continuing to reside upon it un- til 1842, when he passed through the valley of the shadow of death. His good wife, formerly Ruth Smith, a native of Lewis County, died in 1825. Eight of her children were reared to malurity. but the only one now living is oui subject, the young- est member of the family. Mr. Lee was reared in his native county, pursu- ing his education in the subscription schools, which were carried on in a primitive log schoolhouse. As soon as he was large enough to do so, he began to bear his share in the farm work, continuing to take a greater and greater part therein as his years and strength increased. He worked with his father until the death of the latter, and then continued on the home farm until 1 846. At that time he accompanied a neighbor to the Prairie .State, their journej' beino- made with a four-horse team. Here Mr. Lee souo-ht employment in the occupation to which he had been reared and was soon engaged by the month as a farm hand. In 1849 Mr. Lee was enaliled to purchase eighty acres of heavily-timbered lamL of which twelve acres had been cleared and upon which a log cabin stood. There he began housekeeping in 1850, in a few years being able to purchase the eighty acres adjoining, making a good farm upon which he re- sided thirty-three years. He cleared the greater part of the first eighty, built good frame buildings and surrounded himself with the comforts which his energy had won and his industry deserved. In 1883 he rented this land on section 12, and bought that upon which he now resides. In the meantime he had purchased the other property mentioned and placed his financial affairs on a sound basis. November 14, 1850, the interesting ceremony occurred which gave Mr. Lee a faithful and effi- cient companion. His bride, formerly Miss Emily Walker, was born in Lewis Count}', K3'., to Will- iam and Nancy Walker. The happy union has been blessed by the birth of three children, but one of whom was reared to mature years. This was Will- iam F., who was born in 1851 and died in 1888. 354 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. He was educated in this county, becoming well informed, and following in his father's footsteps as a man of industrious habits and good principles. October 3, 1877, he was united in marriage with Eliza Bearce, daughter of Orsen and Jane Bearce, whose sketch appears in this volume. She is a na- tive of Lewistown Township, and is an intelligent, whole-souled woman. She and her four children, Ralph, Jennie, Mary E., and John Orsen, live with our subject, whose home is made cheerful and pleas- ant by her efforts. Mr. Lee is a firm believer in the principles of Democracy. w f ACOB SH AWVER. One by one the old set- tlers of the county are departing to the bourne whence no traveler returns, leaving behind them records more or less worthy of study, and examples more or less worthy of emula- tion. One of this number is the late Jacob Shaw- ver. who is well remembered bj- all who knew him, ns n man of great industry, good judgment, and the personal character which won a high degree of respect from those with whom he associated. Finan- cially speaking, he was a self-made man, having begun his career in life with no other capital than that erabrnced in his brain, his will power, and his physical ability. When removed bj- death, June 22, 1874, he was the owner of a fine estate of nearly three hundred acres in Lewistown Township, which is still held in the famil3\ Mr. Shawver was of German ancestr\-. a son of John Shawver, who, so far as is known, was a na- tive of Pennsylvania, and was himself born in L'nion Countv- November 4, 1804. His father being a farmer, he was reared with a knowledge of agricultural pursuits, and with the educational ad- vantages which at that period of the century were possible in the country. He learned the trade of a cf)rab-maker, and finally engaged in the business for a time, later turning his attention to agricul- ture. Our subject removed from his native State to Ohio, residing in Clarke County until 1836, when, in company with his brother, he started for Illi- nois, their mode of convej-ance being a wagon drawn b^- four horses. He located near Lewistown, and with his brother engaged at the blacksmith's trade, but ere long bought a tract of timber land. He began at once to clear a farm, building a log house in which he lived for some years. He then sold his property and bought a tract on section 10, Lewistown Township, from his father-in-law, mak- ing that his home during the remainder of his life. The marriage of Mr. Shawver occurred Septem- ber 20, 1838, his bride being Miss Hannah Bearce. This worthy woman was born in Monroe County, N. Y., April 3, 1817, being a daughter of Eli H. and Sarah (Austin) Bearce. (See sketch of Orsen Bearce on another page in this Album). She was five years old when she came to Illinois with her parents, and she has lived to witness the wonderful development of this county, of which she is one of the ver}' oldest living settlers. During her early years her mother had no stove, doing her cooking and performing other household duties at the open fireplace. She also spun and wove, and in the knowledge of those useful arts instructed her daugh- ter, who became proficient with the wheel and shut- tle. In 1889, Mrs. Shawver removed to the count}' seat, where she is ^-et living. She is the mother of ten children, viz: Sarah J., Elizabeth, John, Araanda.Jacoh, Wesle}', Franklin deceased in child- hood, Sophia, George, and Ilarvej'. John Austin, the maternal grandfather of Mrs. Shawver, was a native of the Empire State, and a farmer by occupation. After residing in New York many years, he started to move to Illinois, coming via the rivers. He had been in poor health for some time, and died at St. Louis, Mo., while en- route to his new home. His wife, formerly Miss Hannah Frost, came on to this .State, and spent her last years in this county. The farm formerly operated by the subject of this sketch is now occu|)ied and carried on by his son George, who is engaged in fanning and stock- raising. He was born on the homestead. October 3. 1860. and was but fourteen 3ears old when his father de|)arted this life. Four years later the man- ngement of the estate devolved upon him, and he has since been carrying on his labors there. He is numbered among the enterprising, progressive and PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 355 intelligent young fanners of the township, and is looked upon with respect as a worthy follower in the footsteps of his progenitor. At the residence of George W. and Elizabeth Ford, iu this town- ship, on New Year's day, 1889, he was united in marriage with Miss Ad^lie, daughter of the host and hostess, a young lady who has many frieuds in this section where she is well known. StjSAAC N. WILLIAMS. The visitor in Lee Township would not long be in ignorance of ^ the name and character of the gentleman above named, who is numbered among her agriculturists, his home being on section 27. He is one of six chil- dren born to John and Nancy (Smallev) AVilliams, hor parents having been natives of Adams County, Ohio. Thence they removed to Winnebago County, this State, residing thei'e for a decade and then lo- cating in Harris Towushii), this count}'. Here the father passed away in 1870, the mother surviving until 1872. All their cluhtren are living except the youngest son. The gentleman whose name introduces this sketch was born in Winnebago County, July 12, 1840. He pursued his studies in the district schools, supplementing the knowledge there obtained by one term at the Bushnell High School. The at- tempts made against the Union aroused in him a de- sire to battle for his country, and in 1862, he en- listed in Company C, Fifty-fifth Illinois Infantr}'. His brother Andrew was one of the gallant sixty thousand who marched with Sherman to the sea and bore his part in the principal battles of that world-famed event. He remained with his com- rades until the close of the war, receiving his dis- charge in May, 1865, and returning to his father's home with an honorable record. Mr. Williams continued to make his home with his parents until his marriage, in the fall of 1870, when he established himself on the farm he still oc- cupies. His estate now consists of two hundred and eighty -seven acres of excellent land, all under cul- tivation and well improved. Its present condition is due to the efforts of our subject, who has had a two-story frame house of convenient arrangement and homelike appearance erected, together with a barn and other outbuildings such as he finds useful. The place is well stocked with domestic animals and machinery, and general farmwork is carried on successfully. On September 25, 1870, the riles of wedlock were celebrated between our subject and Sarah, daugh- ter of Daniel and Orilla (Wells) Gantz. Mrs. Wil- liams was born in Brown County, this State, April 2, 1850, and is the youngest and only living child of her parents. She had two sisters and one brother. Her parents were born in Ohio and re- moved thence to Brown County where both died about 1869. Mrs. Williams is a lady of intelli- gence, domestic acquirements and excellent char- acter, having many warm friends and being deeply loved by the members of her family. She has borne her husband two sons and two daughters — Budgie, Mary, Grace and Floyd. Mr. and Mrs. Williams and their two oldest chil- dren belong to the Good Tenijdars Order and Mr. Williams is Lodge Deputy. The particular society with which they are identified is Clieck Row Lodge of Lee Townshi|), which numbers about one hun- dred and fifteen members and occupies a pleasant hall, 30x40 feet, which is the only hall known to have been built in the country' by and especially for a lodge. Mr. Williams was reared as a Demo- crat but now votes the temperance ticket on all oc- casions and works earnestly for the advancement of the Prohibition part}'. He has held the township offices of Supervisor, Collector and Assessor. He belongs to the Methodist Episcopal Church, is Steward thereof and Superintendent of the Sunday- school. ^ SAIAH C. WORLEY, Master in Chancery, of Fulton County, an honored citizen of Lewis- , town, and a distinguished veteran officer of the late war, has been for man\' years identified with the civic life of this county and is classed among the ablest men who are at the bead of the judicial department of its government. Mr. Worlev was born on a farm near Carlisle, 356 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. Cumberland County, Pa., and is a son of Daniel and Mary Worley. He was but two 3'ears old when his parents moved to Ohio and settled in Richland County, and lie was only seven yeais old, when he had the misfortune to lose his father. His boyhood was still further saddened by the death of his mother at a Liter period, and he went to live with his brother Nathan for a time. At the youthful age of fourteen years, the manly, self-reliant lad com- menced the battle of life on his own account. A venturesome, enterprising spirit brought him from Ohio, to this State in 1849, and from that time he has made his home in Lewistown, with the exception of the time he passed in the South during the war. He was engaged at various kinds of occupation un- til twenty years of age, wiien he accepted the posi- tion of assistant in the office of the Circuit Clerk, remaining there until 1862. The patriotism of our subject was roused by the great struggle that was carried on between the North and South during the late conflict, and August 1, 1862 he volunteered in defense of the honor of his country ,enlisting in Company A, One Hundred and Third Illinois Infantiy. His superior qualifications gave him the position of Second Lieutenant of his company, he being mustered into service in that ca. pacity. Later he was promoted to be First Lieu- tenant, and fought bravel}* with his regiment in the battles of Vicksburg, Jackson, Memphis and Mis- sionar3- Ridge, and did valuable service while with Sherman in his march to Atlanta and the sea, fighting with the enemy in many an important en- gagement of that campaign. From Savannah, Lieut. Worley accompanied the victorious army to South Carolina. He was taken sick at Beaufort and bis gallant militar3' career was tliere brought to a close, as on consultation with Gen. Howard, that officer perceiving the bad condition of his health, advised him to resign his commission, and he did so. After leaving the arm3-, our subject returned to Lewistown. and as soon as able resumed his position as Deput}- Count3' Clerk, retaining it until 1873. His long and valued services in that capacit3' earned him merited promotion to the office of Clerk of the County Court, to which he was elected in the year mentioned. He held that office b3' re-election nine years until he was appointed in 1883, Master in Chancery and has been in this position ever since. Our subject has been twice married. Ilis first mar- riage which was consumaled in 1 862. was to Amanda L. Clark. She was a native of Lewistown, and a daughter of Charles and Am3- Clark, natives re- spectively of Pennsylvania and Ohio. Mrs. Wor- ley departed this life ilay 14. 1888. Mr. Worley was married a second time, June 4, 1890, taking as his wife Emma Alice Dyckes. She is a native of this county, born in the town of Bernadotte, and a daughter of Joseph and Lucinda D3-ckes, of whom see sketch on another page of this volume. B\' his first marriage, Mr. AVorle3' became the father of two children, Am3' Mabel and William Clark. Mr. Worle3" possesses thoughtful, clear mind, an intellect well balanced, and executive talent of a high order, and his constant re-appointment to the important office of which he is an incumbent.shows the high estimate placed upon his services as Mas- ter in Chanceiy. He is a true Christian gentleman, I and in him and his amiable wife the Presbyterian Church finds two of its leading members. Politicall3- he is a Democrat, one of the most intelligent sup- porters of his part3' in this vicinity. He has aided in the management of civic affairs, as a member of the City Council and of the local School Board. He belongs to Lewistown Lodge, No. 104, A. F. i A. M. <*, I^ILLIAM AVILSON, M.D., the oldest physi- \/iJl/ '^^^^ '" London IMills, has been of great W^ assistance to the communit3' in building up the town. He has been interested in real estate, has built a score of houses and still owns village propert3-. He has filled nearly ever3' office in the township, taken a part in the workings of the social orders, and in addition to all this, has had a large practice in his profession. His mind has been well developed, his inemor3' stored with facts and prin- ciples pertaining to the science of medicine, and with all the strength of an energetic nature he has made use of his knowledge. Dr. Wilson is the eldest of the four children born to Dr. Samuel and Mahala (McFarland) Wilson. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 357 The parental history will be founrl in the slietch of his brother, Dr. H. L. Wilson, in this Album. Our subject was reared in the village of Hermon, Knox County, where his eyes had opened to the light July 8, 1848. During his youth he attended the common schools and Abingdon College and in 1864, enlisted in Company K, Seventh Illinois Cavalry, was mustered in at Peoria and served until July, 1865. Soon after the war he began studying medi- cine, his father being his preceptor. He removed with his parents to Iowa and entered the medical department of the University of Iowa City, and was graduated from that institution in 1875, as physician and surgeon. He at once located at Lon- don IMills, being the first physician to open an office here. He worked up a fine practice and has been ver}' successful in his efforts to ameliorate suf- fering and preserve life. The lady whom Dr. Wilson won for his wife and with whom he was united in marriage in Iowa, in 1872, bore the maiden name of Jennie A. Hall. She was born in Oskaloosa, Iowa, in 1852; she i.s a lady of culture and stands side by side with her husband in her knowledge of medicine. She studied that profession in the University at Iowa City, taking a special course the same year as her husband. She was Postmistress in London Mills from 1887 to 1889, and is a popular member of the societ}- here. Doctor and Mrs. Wilson have one child, a son, Samuel A. Dr. Wilson belongs to the Independent Order of Odd-Fellows in this place and to Joe Mower Post, No. 107, G. A. R. ; he is also identified with the Masonic fraternity at Abingdon. In politics he is a Democrat of the Jackson ian order. -^^ — f- ATTHEW MITCHELL owns and occupies a favorably-located estate on section 27, DeerBeld Townsliip. The land is carefully and intelligently tilled, and the place is well stocked, there being fourteen he.ad of cattle, six of horses and sixty of hogs upon it at this writing. The usual farm implements and various machines, including reapers, mowers, etc., are also to be found there, and the improvements which have been made bear evidence to the enterprise and good judgment of the owner. The dwelling is a well-built, two-story frame house, 16x26 feet with an L 18x20. A large barn, 2Gx40 feet, filled with hay, and various outbuildings, occupy con- venient positions and afford ample shelter for stock and crops. The subject of this sketch is the second son born to Ebenezer and Mary (Shofer) Mitchell, whose entire family- consisted of five sons and one daugh- ter. The parents emigrated to this county, in 1849, from the Buckeye State, locating on section 16, Deerfield Township. The father breathed his last December 13, 1849, while still quite a 3'oung man, having been born February 28, 1804. The mother, whose natal day was March 25, 1814, survived un- til September 17, 1868. Matthew Mitchell opened his eyes to the liglit August 28, 1839, in Franklin County, Ohio, and received bis education in the district schools of that county and the township in which his parents located after removal. He worked by the month on a farm until the war broke out, when he was one of the first to respond to the call made by Presi- dent Lincoln for seventy-five thousand volunteers. August 13, 1861, he was enrolled in Companj^ A, Fifty-fifth Illinois Infantry, and, following the for- tunes of his regiment, he took part in many of the most important engagements of the war. The list of battles in which he bore a valiant part includes Shiloh, Russell House, Corinth, Chickasaw Bayou, Arkansas Post, Snyder Bluff, Vicksburg, the siege of Vicksburg, Keuesaw Mountain, Atlanta, Ezra Chapel, Jonesboro, Clinton, Statesboro, Ft. McAl- ister. Savannah, Duck Branch. North and South Edisto, Columliia and Bcntonville. At the battle of Vicksburg, May 19, 1863, Mr. Mitchell received a wound in the thigh from a niinie ball, which laid him up until the following March. He then returned to his regiment with which he was able to continue until the close of the war, receiving his discharge on the 24th of August, 1865. He returned to this county and resumed the peaceful occupation of a farmer, some- times operating a farm, and again working by the month until after his marri.'xge, when he located 358 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. upon the land he still occupies. The farm consists of eigiity acres, and although not so large as many in the count}' is capable of affording a good main- tenance to our subject and his faniil}-. For nearly twent}' years an efflcieut and sympa- thizing heljimale sliared in the various fortunes of our subject. This lady, whose maiden name was Deborah C. Glass, became his wife October 16, 1870. She was born in Deerfleld Township, Octo- ber 7, 1843, being a daughter of Samuel and Mar- garet (Myers) Glass. Her death took place .January 31, 1890, and her remains w^ere followed to their resting place in Fiatt Cemetery by many friends who sympathized in the grief of the afHicted fam- il\-. The home of Mr. Mitchell is brightened by the presence of six children, named respectivelj", John W., Minnie J., Mary M., Rosa M., Bertha E. and Franklin M. The eldest daughter was born in the spring of 1874 and is therefore able to fill her mother's place as housekeeper and look after the welfare of the younger children. Mr. Mitchell is a Republican but takes no active part in political work, except to deposit his ballot. He is an honest, upright man, a consistent member of the Free Will Baptist Church, is well known in the county and well liked by his acquaintances. ^' ILO HARLAN is a well-known and influ- ential citizen of Young Hickor}' Township and bears a prominent part in the various affairs of the township. He is social, be- nevolent and energetic, has a good war record and an established reputation as a farmer. He is now filling the office of Township Collector, and in previous years has held school offices. To what- ever position he is called he brings a determina- tion to faithfidly serve bis fellow-men and deal honorably in every particular. The ancestral history of Mr. Harlan may be read in the sketch of A. J. Harlan, which occupies another page in this volume. He is -the third in a family of nine children and was born near Wil- mington, Clinton County, Ohio, March 13, 1840. He had three miles to go to school, but the insti- tutions of learning were good and he laid a fair foundation before the age of ten years. At that time his parents, with seven children, started for Polk County, Iowa, their method of travel being a team and wagon. They were three weeks in reacliing this county, which the father liked so well that he remained. He was of a mechanical turn, able to take up almost any trade, and had on his farm in the Buckeye State been engaged in brick- making. After concluding to remain here, he en- gaged in that work for David Cowman. In the spring of 1852 he continued on to his previous destination with two wagons drawn by oxen, cross- ing the Mississippi on a ferry at Burlington, and spending two or three months in breaking Iowa prairie. In July he returned to Central Illinois, took up his abode in Abingdon and pursued vari- ous occupations until 1853. He then farmed near London Mills, and in the spring of 1854 settled on one hundred and sixty acres in the township which is still the home of his son. Mllo Harlan attended the subscription schools in the winter, sitting on a slab bench in a log house heated by a fire-place, and in the summer drove oxen and otherwise helped on the farm. When the war broke out two of his brothers enlisted, and when, in August, 1862, a call was issued for six hundred thousand men, he volunteered, becoming a member of Company G, Eighty-third Illinois Infantr\-. He was mustered into the service at Galesburg. being first sent to Cairo, then to Fts. Henry and Donelson. The regiment was kept on detached service much of the time, doing guard duty and raiding the country in Kentucky, Ten- nessee and Alabama. The}' had many skirmishes with the enemy and took part in the second battle at Ft. Donelson and the second fight at Nashville. After the former our subject was promoted to the rank of Corporal. He served until the close of the war, took part in the review at Nashville June 20, 1865, was then mustered out, and going to Chi- cago, received an honorable discharge. Although minie balls had pierced his hat he escaped bodily injury. When ready to resume the arts of peace, Mr. Harlan took charge of his father's farm and after a time bought out the other heirs. He has made £^S t' y^^-^e.U,yl/L^ PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 361 many iiiiprovements upon tbe place, among them being a comfortable dwelling; and two barns, one .30x46 feet and the other 30x18 feet in dimensions. Tbe latter is usedjis a shelter for the cattle, which are yrailed Shorthorns. Formerly Mr. Harlan kept full-blooded Short-horns and raised sheep of the best wool-producing breeds. lie also, in connection with his brother A. J., bought sheep, cattle and bogs quite extensively for two or three years, and then abandoned that business as it was overdone. He raises quite large numbers of cattle and hogs, and fecdSjdroves ofjthe latter. He likewise raises Clydesdale and Norman horses of high grade. His estate comprises one hundred and sixty acres on section 3, situated about one mile from London Mills. It is fenced into convenient fields and cul- tivated by means of the latest farm machinery. It is supplied with natural groves, evergreens have also been sot out and some raised from seed. Mr. Hailan formerly belonged to the Odd Fel- low's' Lodge, at London Mills. He is now identi- fied with the Masonic fraternity at Fairview. He is a member of Joe Mower Post, No. 107. G. A. R., in which he has held every office but Commander. He was Quartermaster of the Encampment in 1888. It would be hard to find a stanoher Repulilican than he, or one better able to give a reason for his political faith. He has represented his associ- ates in count}' and Congressional conventions. He discharges the duties of citizenship in a reliable manner, and the only fault his neighbors have to find with him is, that he has never married. His home is not, however, devoid of woman's presence, as he has his beloved mother with him. • — •>. -o^o. ■$«^v>■v1S••'>♦«• — ^/OHN S. GREEN.. There is always more or less curiosity to know the true and inner historj' of men who have been long and favorably identified with the social and business interests of an}' community, and undoubt- edly the biograph}' of Mr. Green will prove inter- esting alike to old and joung. Brought up to a knowledge of farm duties, he naturally chose the avocation of a farmer, when it became necessary for him to select a calling in life. His experience has been wide and varied, and although advanced in 3ears he is well preserved anrofessional callings, some "buying and selling" in commercial headquarters, and still others cultivating the soil. It is a pretty generallv conceded f.act that the agriculturist leads the freest and easiest life, since his time is his own through much of each year. And certainl}' to no class of '•bread winners" are we indebted for more beneficial results than to the farmer. Our subject at the present time is identified with the latter-named class, and it would be dilTicult to find a more genial, intellectual, or courteous gen- tleman than Mr. Mason. At one time he was in the hotel business at Farmington, and made a good "mine host." But after continuing in that business 364 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. for several years in conneclion with his brother James, oar sul)ject moved to a farm in Knox County, about two miles from Yates Cit}', and there became an extensive land owner. However, he re- turned to this county, settling on a small farm one mile from Farmington, where he owns a nice resi- dence and fifteen acres of oround. Blr. Mason was born in F.ayotte County. Pa., on the sixth day of May, 1808, his parents being Jacob and Catherine (Biddinger) Mason, natives of Penns3lvania and Virginia respectivelj*. His earliest recollections are of life in Ohio, where he attended school in a little log house for three months during the winter. Tlie father moved with his family to this place in 1837, going into the liotel business. In 1842 the subject of our sketch mar- ried Miss Mar}' A. .Slosson, who was born in Tro^', New York, and is a daugiiter of Dutcher and .Sarali (Sampson) Slosson, natives of New York and Massachusetts respectively. Mrs. Mason reached maidenhood at Troy, coming with iier parents to Illinois in the year ISoo. To Mr. and Mrs. iVIason have been born seven children, viz: Charles H., who married Miss Melissa Coon, has three children, and resides at Fairfield, Iowa; Sarah J.; Harriet K., who married James Broherd, and died without leaving any children; Catherine; Willfam J., who married Miss .Mary Yager, lives in Yates City, and has one child; TSlavy A., now Mrs. Charles F. Coon, has three children, and makes her home at Holdridgc, I'hfclps County, Neb. ; and Martin S., who mar- ried Miss Clara Rider, has one child and lives in Farmington. The subject of our sketch is a member of the Masonic order No. 320. is a rarmber of the Yates City Lodge, and belongs to a Commandery at Galesburg. He is verj^ prominently connected with this fraternity. He has held several public offices, being at one time County Commissioner of Knox County, and Supervisor of Salem Town ship. Mr. and Mrs. Mason and their family belong to the Universalist Church. Mr. Mason having helped to build the church of this denomination both at Farmington and at Yates City. Our subject's father was fifty-seven j-cars old at llie lime of his death; the mother lived to be past seventy. To them were born four children, viz: Martin, James and Nanc^- (deceased), and Wil- liam. The fatiier moved from Pennsylvania to Ohio in 181 1, where he followed agrieulluial pur- suits. He was at one time Justice of the Peace in the latter named State. The subject of our skeleli has many celebrated ancestors and has inherited much social culture. iKORGE C. SHUMAKER is an enterprising ^ and intelligent farmer, and is successfullj' l|j managing two hundred and seventy acres of land, which he rents, Ij'ing partly in Farmington, where he makes his residence, and partly in Canton Township. He was born in \Vashington County, Md., near Rohrersville. His parents. Jonathan and Mahala (Branderberg) Shuraaker, were also natives of Maryland. The paternal grandfather of our sub- ject, and also his maternal grandfather, came from Germany to this eountrj'. The father of our subject was a farmer.and in 1837 came westward and tried life in Oliio, Illinois and Missouri, but not liking this part of the country he returned to his native JNLaryland. and died there in 1874, at tlie ago of sixty-three years. The mother of our subject also died in that State. She and her husband had seven children, four of whom grew to maturity and are still living as follows: George C, Otho James, C\'ster Rupley and Frederick T. O. J. lives in Middletown, Md., and all the others, with the exception of our subject, reside in that State. George C. Shumaker, of this biographical sketch, was born November 20, 1800. His boyhood and youth were passed in Maryland, where he was reared on a farm and gained a sound practical knowledge of agricultural pursuits. In 1883. ambitious to better his financial condition, he determined to see what he could accomplish on the fertile soil of the Prairie State, and he made his way from his old home to this county. He worked out i\v(\ years by the month, and carefully saved his earnings, and was enabled to marry and estab- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 365 lish a home for himself. He is now actively en- gaged in his calling, renting one hundred and twenty acres of land in P'armington, and une hundred and fifty acres in Canton Township. The land is under good cultivation and he manages to get from it a full return in Sue harvests for his out- lay of labor and expense. Mr. Shuraaker and Miss .Tennie K. Slifer, united their lives and fortunes on the 27th of December, 1887, and have established a home where coziness and comfort abound, and that is, in fact, one of the pleasantest abodes in the neighborhood. Mrs. Shumaker is a daughter of William and Ellen (Potter) Slifer, and she was born, reared and mar- ried in Maryland. She was the only child of her father, wiio died when she was young. Her mother married a second time, becoming the wife of Mr. Andrew Reader. By that marriage she had five children, namely: Cornelius James, Fannie L., Daviil G., Jersey J., Charles C. i^'annie is the wife of Charles L. Castle, a farmer, and they have two children. Mrs. Shumaker is a devoted Christian and is a member of the United Brethren Cliurch in Maryland. Her marriage with our subject has been blessed b^- the birth of one child — Roy C. Mr. Shumaker is a-stalvvart defender of the Democrats in politics. THARINE KEELING, whose sketch now invites attention, is one of the oldest men in the State of Illinois, having in the course of his long life witnessed many changes and an immense amount of progress in the State, and also having accumulated a considerable fortune. Longevity for some reasons and in some cases is not a desirable thing, but it certai-nly gives a man a vast amount of valuable experience, and gains him a larger number of successes than can be accomplished in a shorter span of years. Mr. Keeling's birth occurred in Elizabethtown, Hardin County, Ky., on the 12th of May, 1823, being the son of Lewis and Lydia (Hovvey) Keel- ing. When only three 3-ears of age our subject moved with his parents to the State of Illinois, the faniil}' leaving the beautiful Blue Grass country for no other reason than that the idea of slavery was distasteful to them, and as tliat custom pre- vailed everywhere south of "Mason and Dixon's line," they were forced to seek a northern iiome. They first located in Jacksonville, but after two years removed to Springfield, where the father purchased a grist and saw mill on the south fork of the Sangamon River; and the earliest recollec- tions of our subject date back to the "old mill" by the river side, where he sijent many happy days in his childhood. The business proved very success- ful, and the father previous to his death was an ex- tensive landowner, owning several thousand acres of valuable timber and prairie land along the San- gamon River. He died in 1856, being sixty-one years old; the mother had died about twenty years before, when only thirty-six 3'ears of age. To them were born nine children, viz.: Eldridge, Atharine; Singleton, Hayden, Lydia and Lc)uisa are deceased; America; Lewis, deceased; and William. Our subject's paternal grandfather, William Keeling, was a Methodist minister, and his birth- place was in England. He married in that country Miss Susan Grant, and upon coming to America settled first in Virginia, but afterward removed to Kentucky. Our subject's maternal grandfather, Joseph Howey, was born in the State of Virginia, and married Mrs. Cecelia McKinney. They were all of Scotch-Irish descent, and settled in Virginia about the time of the Colonial War. Jlr. Keeling"s father -being interested in the brick business, he learned that when a boy of four- teen summers, going to a pay school through three months of the twelve, which was taught by Dr. Springer, father of Congressman Springer. Our subject was a neighbor of Abraham Lincoln, and was well acquainted with him. The subject of our sketch left home at the age of eighteen, when his father was married the sec- ond time, and commenced to work for himself in the brick business, employing a number of hands and clearing Si, 000 the first year. He continued this field of labor for a period of fifty-two years, turning out a tremendous amount of brick and tile. Mr. Keeling was married in 18-18, to Miss Mary 366 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. Jane Wilson, daughter of Sanuiel and Maria (Bro- lierd) AVilson. She was born in Hamilton County, Ohio, and her father was b^- birth and education a Scotchman — Edinburgh being his native place. To Jlr. and Mrs. Wilson were born seven children, viz.: Thomas J., Marj' Jane, M.aria. Ellen, Marga- ret, Amanda, and James, who died in youth. Our subject and his wife have been blessed with six children, viz.: Oscar H., Marj' Helen. Alice A., Annie M., Clara Inez and Jesse L., all of whom are prosperous and talented. Mr. Keeling voted for Henr}- Clay in 1844, and for the Whig candidates until the organization of the Republican party, at which time he commenced to sui)port that party. He is a member of the Baptist Church, having been connected with that denomination for forty years. Mrs. Keeling also Vjclongs to this church. The subject of our sketch is a great reader, and possessing a retentive mem- ory is a most interesting cornpanion, and much es- teemed both for his intellectualit3- and his man}- excellent traits of character. ILLIAM H. COZINE is known as one of \\\A/// ^^^ most skillful and intelligent machinists ^^/ and blacksmiths in all Fulton County, and his business as such, which he is conducting in Lewislown. is extensive and lucrative. He is prominent in the puljlic life of this uuinicipalit}" as a member of the C'it\- Council, and his active in- terest in its welfare and sagacious, well-trained mind make his aid invaluable as a civic official. January 4, 1841, was the date of the birth of our subject in Hendricks County. Ind. His great- grandfather, Garrett Cozine, was a native of Penn- sylvania and was of earlj- German ancestry. He ■was reared and married in Peuns3'lvania and re- moved from there to Kentucky. He became a pioneer of Mercer County, where he dwelt until 1835. Once more he became a pioneer, removing from thence to the wilds of Hendricks County. Ind., where he bought land and impioved a farm. He there died at the ripe old age of eight^'-four years, his wife having died tn^o years previously at the same age. Her maiden name was Shuman and she was born in German}'. Cornelius Cozine, the grandfather of our subject, was a farmer and spent his entire life in Keutuck}-. The maiden name of his wife was Jennie Vanars- dale, and she w.'is also a native of Kentu(;ky. Their son Garrett, father of our subject, was born in that State, near Harrisburg. in Jlcreer County. He emigrated from there to Indiana, aud became an early settler of Hendricks Count}-. He was ac- companied thither b}- his wife and children, and they took up their abode on a tract of timber land, which he had leased. He cleared much of it, and lived on it until 1852. Again he became a pioneer and in that 3-ear started westward with his wife and five children, and came to Fulton County. On his arrival here he leased a farm for a time, and then bought one in Lewistown Townsiiip, which lie de- veloped into a fine piece of property and there death rounded out his busy life in 1888. His wifa had preceded him in death, dying in 1872. Her maiden name was Snsan R. Beadles. She was a daughter of John Beadles and a granddaughter of Jsiel Beadles. For her family historv see sketch of N. Beadles. William Cozine. of whom these lines are written, was one of thirteen children, and was a lad of ten 5'ears when became to this county with his parents. He has a vivid remembrance of his early home in Hendricks County, and of the incidents of pioneer life there. There w-ere no railroads in Indiana when he was a child and that section of the counlr}- wiiere his people lived was sparsely settled. The nearest mill was at Indianapolis, twenty-six miles distant, and it was operated by a tread power. The highw.ays of travel were rough and at timess almost imp.assable, and a rude corduroj' road extended most of the way from Hendricks County to In- dianapolis. William attended school and assisted on his father's farm until he was eighteen 3-ears old, when he engaged with Joseph Yarnell .as an ap- prentice to learu of him the trade of a blacksmith. He subsequently went into the plow shops of Thomas .Stanbury. and worked under his instruction a year and a half, his motive being to more thoroughly learn the trade of a machinist, for which he seemed to have a particular genius. He then opened a PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 367 machine aud blacksmith shop in Lewistown ami wiih the exception of llnee years, has carried on busi- ness in this city continuously since that time. He is celebrated as a fine workman and he employs only the most skilled men and has Iniilt up an ex- tensive trade. In 1862 Mr. Cozine was wedded to Ann Eliza Herbert. The estimable lady is a native of Lew- istown and a daughter of James and Anna (01m- stead) Herbert. Hai'ry, the first child of our subject and his wife, died when six years old. They have three children living: Charles H., Willard C, and Blanche. Mr. Cozine is classed among the best citizens of the city, both as regards -his private life, which is irreproachable, and his civic capacitj' in which he has acted without, stain. His fellow-citizens ap- preciating his worth, his sound business talent and gtnuine integrity have called him to take Dart in the management of municipal affairs and he is now serving his eighth year as a member of the Cit^' Council. He uses his political influence in favor of the Democratic party. Religiously, he and his wife, who are sincere Christian people, are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. ^AMES NELSON, Superintendent of Claire Coal Company, at Middle Grove. Scotland has contributed her full quota to the popu- lation and development of the great West, and her sons have been found almost uniformly thrifty and industrious, and especiall3^ is this true in the case of James Nelson. Coming from the land where flows the "bonny Dee," and where the purple heather clothes the ground with a bright and seemingly unl)roken carpet, he possesses all the poetic genius and love of the beautiful which seems somehow an innate principle of every Scotchman's nature. Although a comparative stranger in this city, Mr. Nelson has by his ready wit, courtesy, and kindness of heart won for himself the esteem of this community. Mr. Nelson was born in IloUey Town, Scotland, and there surrounded l;i\- the beauties of his native land, passed a happy childhood. His father, Alex Nelson, and his mother, who previous to her marriage was Miss Annie Kirkwood. were natives of Scotland and were married in that country, and their five children were born there before they emi- grated to America in 1864. Upon first reaching the United States they settled in Pittsburg, and la^er in Ohio, where the father died in 1885, hav- ing attained his sixty-seventh year. The mother is at the present writing living in Ohio, and is sixty-eight years of age, and her children were named respectively: Alex; John (who was killed by a baseball when fourteen years of age); Jane. Ellen, and James. Our subject's birth occurred on February 19, 1845, and his recollections of bonny Scotland are very pleasant indeed. His educational advantages were excellent, and he lost no opportunity to im- prove his mind. At the early age of ten years he began to work in a colliery, and when fifteen j'ears of age enlisted in the Seventy-eighth Highlanders, and was on the point of departing for the Cape of Good Hope, but was recalled home by his parents, and seeing how much the idea distressed his mother, concluded to abandon the ranks and sailed for Amer- ica in 1 860. He Landed in Now York in August, and going to New Jersey began to work on a farm, but not being accustomed to that kind of work he soon abandoned it and went to PennS3lvania, where he engaged in coal mining for four months* and was at a later day engaged in the same business in Maryland. In the latter named State he lost his heait to Miss Elizabeth Allen, who was like him- self a native of Scotland, and after a nine months' courtship they were married on November 10, 1862, in the city of Pittsburg, and there made their home for a time. One child was born to them, Annie, who died when only eighteen months old. Mr. Nelson enlisted in 18G4 in Company A, One Hundred and Twenty-fifth Pennsylvania Infantry, and was mustered into service at Camp Wilkins, and discharged at Pittsburgh. Pa., in the fall of the following 3'oar. He then turned his attention to coal mining at Uniontown, Ky., and while there fell a victim to the ague, which is so prevalent in that State. He was engaged in mining through different parts of Virginia, Ohio, Pennsjdvania, 368 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALP,UM. IMaryland, Kentuck}-, and Illinois, and has traveled tliroiigh the greater portion of seventeen States. He took possession of the Claire Coal Company in September of tiie year 1889, a company which is turnino; out one hundred and forty tons of lump coal per daj-, and engages forty miners. Of this business our subject is well prepared to take charge, having had a most extensive experience. Though at (iresent so closely identified with the business and social affairs of Middle Grove, his residence is at Gloucester, Ohio. To Mr. and Mrs. Nelson have been born six sons and four daughters, of whom one is dead, and the following living, viz: Annie, Alex, Frank, James Bruce, Nettie, Robert, "Willie, Mary and Andrevv. Our subject was ordained to preach in the Metho- dist Church iji 1873, at Mt. Yernon, Ohio. He is a Good Templar, and took an active interest in or- ganizing the lodge at Middle Grove, and takes pleasure in alwa3'S supporting the Prohibition ticket with his vole and influence. Mr. Nelson at tlie time of his residence in Ohio was Deputy High Chief Ruler of the Independent Order of Recha- bites. He is an unusually intellectual man, and his extensive travels have given him a clear insight into the social and business customs both of the United States and Scotland. -^^ ^ACOB DARLING is acceptably filling the position of Police Magistrate of Astoria. He came to this place more than forty j-ears ago, and has ever since been one of its most useful citizens. He was born September 5, 1827, on a farm near "Warsaw, Coshocton County. Ohio. His father. Isaac Darling, was born on the south br.anch of the Potomac River in Virginia, and was a son of Rcjbert Darling, who is thought to have been born in Ireland of Scotch (larentage. The latter on coming to America settled in \'ir- ginia, and" subsequently remc vcd from there to Ohio in 1806, and was a pioneer of Coshocton County. The removal was made with teams, and the greater part of the way lay through a wilder- u'-ss. There were but a few families living in Coshocton County at the time and the Indians still lingered about their old hunting grounds in that part of the State. Mr. Darling bought a tract of heavilj- timbered land and built a log house to shelter his family. There were no markets and the people lived almost entirelj^ on the products of their land and on venison, bear meat and other game which was abundant. The grandfather of our subject cleared quite a tract of laud, and lived in his pioneer home until his death. He raised flax and kept sheep and bis wife used to card, spin and weave the wool and flax, and made all the cloth in the family. Her maiden name was Catherine Passen. She also died on the home farm. She was the mother of twelve children; eight sons and four ilaughters. Isaac Darling was twelve 3'ears old wher. his par- ents removed to Ohio. He assisted his father in clearing the farm, and resided thereon until his marriage,when he bought land across the Walhold- ing River from his old home. Fort}' acres of land were cleared and a log house stood on tlie clearing, which was afterward the birthplace of our subject. The father erected a substantial brick house in 1839, and in tliat made his home until his death during the war. He lived to see that part of Ohio in which he settled, develop from a wilder- ness into a well settled and wealth}' county, and he contributed his quota to advance its growth. The fatlier of our subject was twice married. The maiden name of his first wife, the subject's mother, was Mahala Severns. Her father, Joseph Severns, was a native of Wales and a pioneer of Coshocton County. Mrs. Darling died in 1832. There were .«ix children born of her marriage; four sons and two daughters. Mr. Darling's second wife was Jane Severns. a cousin to his firjt wife. She died two years after her husband's death. Jacob Darling, of whom we write, grew to man's estate in his native county, and at the age of twenty- one commenced work at the trade of a carpenter. He resided in Coshocton County until 1848, when he went to Indiana, and spent the winter in that State. In the spring of 1849 he started on horse- back for this county, and after a very pleasant and agreeable journe}' arriveil hero safely, and located in Astoria. He found here only a small -^ 1^m\. Harrison Putman PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 371 village, and men of his calling were in demand to assist in building up the country. He worked at his trade until the _year 1852, and then was clecied Constable. He served in that ofHce continuously until 1885. a i)eriotS5<«r-' ^*^°=^"p=°^' ' ARTIN V. PUTMAN is a prominent and wealthy farmer of Canton, 111. He is a ^^ native of this county, and a representative of an old and well-known pioneer family, in whose honor Putman Township, the place of his birth, was named. He was born December 28, 1843, ani is the sixth of ten children born to Har- rison and Malinda (Fouts) I'ulman. Harrison Putman, whose portrait appears on the opposite page and who is a retired farmer living in Canton, was born in Gibson County, Ind., De- cember 3, 1811. His father. Hazel Putman, was a native of N'orth Carolina. His mother, Isabel (Fouts) Putman, was a daughter of David Fouts, and a native of North Carolina. She and her hus- band removed to Indiana in an early day of its settlement soon after their marriage, becoming- pioneers of Gibson County. A few years later they removed to a farm near Evansville. Harrison Putman was the oldest of a family of seven children, and passed his youthful days on the old homestead near Evansville. He was eleven years old when he came to Fulton County with his parents who located in what became Putman Town- ship; the latter was named in honor of his father, who bought a large tract of timber land, for which he afterward secured a patent and carried on trade there as a blacksmith and gunsmith. Both father and mother died in this county. He was a member of the Baptist, and she of the Methodist Episcopal Church. The father of our subject remained with his par- ents until he was twenty-one years old, when he began farming on his own account in Putman Township. He was very fortunate in the pursuit of his calling, acquiring a handsome fortune and a farm containing several hundred acres of choice land. In 1872 he retired from his farm in Putman Township to Canton, where he has since made his home. He was married November 15, 1832, to IMalinda Fouts, a daughter of David and Mary Fouts. She was born July 27, 1814, and after a happy wedded life of nearly fifty-eight years dura- tion, she died in the month of April, 1890. Martin Putman, the subject of this sketch, was bred to manhood on his father's old homestead in Putman Township. He attended school at the Iliatt schoolhouse during the winter months and woi'ked on the farm in the summer. One winter he was a pupil in a Canton school. He remained an inmate of the parental household till he attained his twenty-first year, when he began his career as a farmer on eighty acres of land given him by his father. Success has attended his efforts, and he is now a substantial and well-to-do farmer and stock- raiser. His fine farm of two hundred and sixty- four acres in Putman Township is well cultivated and higlil}' improved. He has erected on it good buildings, and has it well stocked, as before his re- moval to Canton he was an extensive feeder of cattle and hogs. He has been very successful as a wheat raiser, and has also raised large crops of corn. He continued to reside on his farm till 1884, when he removed to Canton that he might give his children beUer opportunities for an education. In the western part of the town he built a neat and 372 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. eomniodious residence whicli is sliarled 1)3' beauti- ful native hard maple trees that afiford a most grateful and refreshing shelter during the summer months. March 14, 1867, was the date of the marriage of our subject with IMiss Hannah Newton of Putman Township. .She is a daughter of Dr. Newton, a prominent phj'sican of the county, who came here from Connecticut. Mr. and Mrs. Putman liave had four children; Kate N.. Leuella M., Ma}- M. and Gean Gale who died in infancj". AYhile he was a resident of Putman Township, Mr. Putman took a prominent part in educational matters as a member of the School Board and also as School Director for a number of j-ears. In poli- tics he upholds the policj' of the Democratic party. He is a man of good mental endowments, frank and straightforward, and is liighl\- regarded by all who know him or have had dealings with him. 7 ESSE POLLOCK, an old pioneer of Fulton County, is now one of its most substantial farmeis and his fine farm in Lcwistown Township is one of the best in the locality. His birth-place was a farm two miles from Florence in Washington County, Pa., and the date of his birth was April 3, 1812. He is a son of one David Pollock who was born of Scotch ancestry in the North of Ireland. His parents were Presb3-terians and reared their famih' in the same faith. The fa- ther, two brothers, Benjamin and John, and three sisters came to America and made their home in Pennsylvania. TMie father of our subject arrived in this country at the commencement of the Revo- lution and enlisted with the Minute Men and did good service in the war. After peace had been de- clared, he settled in AVashington County, Pa., of which he was a pioneer. He carried on farming on leased land there until 1818. In that year with his wife and six children, he started with a team for Ohio, and was one of the first settlers in that part of Richland, now included in Ashland County. He bought n tract of heavily' timbered land in Jlilton Township, and erected a log house in the primeval wilds, where deer, bear, wolves, and all kinds of wild game roamed at will. There were no railways or canals in that part of the country in those days and the lake ports, forty miles distant, were the princi- pal markets. He cleared away the forest trees from his land and evolved a productive farm from the wilderness, and there the remainder of his life w.as passed. His wife also died on the home farm. Her maiden name was Betsey Morrow, and she was a native of the North of Ireland and of Scotch an- cestry. They reared a family of seven children. Their son, .Jesse, was six years old when his pio- neer life commenced in the wilds of Ohio, and there he was bred tea stalwart, vigorous manhood. He early commenced to assist his father in clear- ing his land and in its cultivation. At that time lumber was of no value, as there was no market for it, and large logs that to-da}' would bring a good sum of money were rolled together and burned. In 1830, our subject left the home of his youth and returned to his native county, in Pennsylvania, where he learned the trade of a carpenter. He worked at it there two and one-half years and then went back to Ohio, and followed his calling in that State until 1836. In April of that ^-ear, imbued with the pioneer spirit of his forefathers, he set out with a pair of horses and a wagon, tnking with him his wife and two children and started for the wild prairies of Illinois. A journey of four weeks and three days brought the little family- to the southeastern part of Knox Count}', and for a year our subject rented a farm in Salem Township. In the spring of 1837 he came to Fulton County, and bought one hundred and sixty acres of timber land on section 6, Lewistowu Township, and eighty acres in Putman Township. The price of this two hun- dred and forty acres of laud was s.5.50 an acre, and it took all his ready monej' and left him ^(50 in debt. Jlr. Pollock went to work at once to prepare his land for cultivation and his fiist crop paid his in- debtedness. He has since improved all the land, has it under a fine state of tillage, and has erected neat frame buildings. His hard pioneer labors have been well rewarded and besides this valuable estate he possesses another farm, comprising one hundred and twenty acres of choice laud, and he is now in PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 373 possession of a handsome competence. As a pio- neer he lias done much to develop the agricullural interests of the township and county and his n.ame will ever hold an hont)rabIe place among those of ihe early settlers of this part of Illinois. His life course as a husband, father, neighbor and citizen has been creditable to himself and has won the es- teem of all around him. JMr. Pollock and Jane Einmens were married in 1831. She was born in Wayne County, Ohio. Of their raarri.age there are six children living: Ann, widow of Mr. Linn; David: Elizabeth, wife of David Whitnah of Cuba; John; Alvina, wife of Napoleon Bowen of Iowa, and Sylvester of Grand Isle, Nel). Our subject's wife died in 1850, he was married a second lime in 185,5 to Miss Jane Conner who died in 1883; by his last marriage there were no children. John Pollock the son of our subject is a prac- tical wide-awake young farmer. He was l)orn on the farm where the familj' new resides and was here reared, receiving his education in the district schools. He has always followed farming since he w.as old enough to be of any use, and is a resident of his father's homestead. In 1872 he was married to Jane Grimes, a native of Virginia. They have three children whom they have named Jessie, Min- nie and Lillie. . Ip^.UFUS K. BOHANXON. Among the men ljs*t who are actively advancing the stoek- tfc \\\ raising interests of Illinois, stands our ^^ subject, who occupies a leading position among the farmers and stock-growers of Berna- dotte Township. He lias some liorses. cattle and hogs of standard grade that are as fine as are to be found in the State. He is a son of James E. Bo- hannon, who was born in Tennessee, in the year 1818. He married there Eliza H. Byrd, who was also a native of that State, and was born in 1814. She is now dead; her death occurring in the month of September, 1867, near Lebanon, Mo. The father is still living in his old home in Tennessee. Our subject wrs the sixth son of ten children, and was born January 7, 1852. He began life for himself in 1871, as a farmer in middle Georgia. He resided there one year and then took up his residence in middle Tennessee, where he lived about eight months. During his stay there he suffered a severe fracture of the ankle. He sub- sequently came to Fulton Country, and resided with his brother, T. O. Bohannoii, three months. At the expiration of that lime he estal.ilished him- self on a farm near Table Grove, and remained there two months. Hi? next venture was lo en- gage witb J. B. Cattron in farming in Pleasant Township. He w.s with him about eleven months when he married his daughter, Rachael T. She was born December 5, 1854. The maiden name of her mother was Nancy Smith. Immediately after his marriage, our subject rented the old homestead of his father-in-law, Mr. Cattron, and was actively engaged in its manage- ment three years. At the end of that time he rented a farm of one hundred and twenty acres near Ipava, for one year. He next rented a farm of his father-in-law, and carried it on two years. After that our suljject tried ranching it in Texas, near Dallas — his father-in-law having made him and his wife a present of a ranch of eight hundred and forty acres, and for one year he was engaged in the stock business there. He made many im- provements on the place, building a house and fences, and otherwise putting the ranch in good order. A year later he was obliged to leave there on account of his wife's health, as the climate did not agree with her. On his return he made his father a visit in Tennessee. After he came back here in 1883 he boughtone hundred and sixt^' acres of land on section 23, Bernadotte Township, where he has since resided. He has cleared about one hundred acres of heavy brush, doing the most of the work himself. He has built a neat one and one- half story house, 2(1x26 feet in dimension, with an "L" of the same proportions, and he has erected a large barn 64x48 feet, and 24 feet high on the main corners, with a capacity of forty tons of hay. He has as tine :i herd of horses as is to be found in the State. He has four brood mares, two of them one-fourth, and the others three- 374 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. fourths Pei'cheron Norman. lie has also of the sa;:;e breed a pair of beautiful seven-eighths twin colts, three months olee Methodist Church, and is very active in all religious works. He is Class Leader in his church, and is a regular attendant at Sunday-school. I le sets an example as to how a true Christian should act in his daily walk and conversation. About eight 3' ears ago he adopted the principle of giving one-tenth of his income to the cause of Christ, and still continues the practice. He is a Prohibitionist in |)olitics and principles, is temperate in all things, and is rearing his children to be the same. In all the relations of life he has been true to him- self an<) others. He was filial and obedient toward his parents, never giving them a rude or unkind word: and as a husband and father he is devoted and tender. OSES VAN SICKLE. A goodly numbei of the old settlers of Fulton County have won a competence sufBcient to allow them to retire from active duties, surround themselves with the comforts suited to their de- clining years and spend their last days unharassed by anxiety. Among this number is JMoses Van Sickle who for almost a decade has been occupy ing a pleasant home in Astoria, his dwelling having been erected for his own occupancy. Beginning his career in life as a poor boy, obliged to assist his widowed mother in the support of her family, he put his shoulder to the wheel with so much energy and good judgment that he became well-to-do, was able to bestow upon his own offspring good ad- vantages and bear a hand in many worthy enter- prises. Mr. \&n Sickle is descended from good families of Holland, both his paternal and maternal great- grandparents having emigrated from that'kingdoni to America in Colonial times. His grandfathers, .John A'au Sickle andSeth Jewell, were Revolution- ary soldiers from New Jersey, and became pioneer settlers of Venango County, Pa. The former bought a tract of timber land there, cleared quite a farm and continued to reside there until 181.i, when he accompanied his son Abram to Ohio, spending his last years in Hamilton County. Abram Van Sickle was, like his progenitors, born in New Jersey and was quite young when his parents removed to Pennsylvania. Upon growing to maturity' he mar- ried Mary Jewell, a native of the same State as himself, and whose father, like his own, after hav- ing resided in the Keystone State some years be- came a citizen of Ohio, dying in Van Wert County. Some years after their marriage the parents of our subject turned their faces toward Southern Ohio. The father built a flatboat which he launched on the Alleghany River, lo.ading upon it his house- hold goods and tlie various members of his family. They floated down the stream to Pittsburg and thence on the Ohio River to Columbia, a settlement now included in Cincinnati. After remaining there for a time Mr. Van Sickle located in Butler County where his death took place about 1817. His widow was left with five children and in very limited cir- cumstances. She subsequently married Thomas Gray, continuing to make her home in Butler County until her death which occurred at the resi- dence of her son-in-law, Joseph Gray. The children born of her first marriage were John, Moses, Edith, Sarah and Nellie; her second marriage rtsulted in the birth of a daughter, Rebecca. The subject of this notice was born in Venango County, Pa., February 16, 1806, and was about PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 3^ nine years old when his parents removed to Ohio. There were no free schools in that section [during his youth, but he made the l)cst of tlie op|)ortnni- ties afforded by the sul)scription soliools to acquire an education. As soon as he was large enough lie began to assist in the sup[)ort of the family, ere long learning the trade of a cooper, at whicli" ho worked during the winter] season, farming during the balance of the year, lie resided in Butler Countj- and vicinity until 1838, when lie came to the Prairie State, soon afler^his airival securing a tract of one hundred and sixty-three acres of tim- ber land in Woodland Township, tliis county. The price of the land bought by Mr. Van Sickle was S260. He bought a wagon, plow and team to begin his agricultural operations with, borrowing money at ten percent, with which to pay for them. He was much in need of a harrow, but his means being limited he was not alile to buy it and "neees- sit3' became the mother of inveution" in his case as in that of many another pioneer. Cutting a forked white oak, he inserted pins of the same wood, and of similar material made a cultivator for his corn- field. He built a log cabin on his land and when married began housekeeping therein, moving into it before a chimney had been built or a piece of glass set for window's. While residing upon the estate he placed the greater partof it under thor- ough cultivation, making it his home from liis marriage until 1881, when he bought his town lot and removedjithereto. The good woman who for many years shared the burdens of our subject;and enjoyed with him their increasing prosperity became his wife June 6, 1839. She was previously known as Mariah Nancy Mar- shall, being a daughter of jWilliam and Margaret Marshall, botli of whom died in Ohio. Mrs. Van Sickle w.as born in Jefferson County, that Slate, and with her brothers and sisters came to Fulton County in 1839. She was proficient in the arts of spinning and weaving and during her early mar- ried life did much of that vvork, the sight and sound of her busy wheel recalling to her husband the days when his mother had clothed her little famil\' in cloth of her own construction by a simi- lar ineliniinary process. In accordance with the custom on the frontier, Mrs. Van Sickle did all her cooking b3' a firepl.ace until some years after her marriage. She breathed her last August 21, 187.", leaving behind her a memory of domestic virtues and motherly care which is recalled with pleasure by the surviving members of her family. Mr. and Mrs. ^'an .Sickle reared five children, the youngest of whom, Margaret A., resides with her father; William is a citizen of Marshall County, Kan.;Abram lives in Dundy County, Neb.; Jo- seph Moore died in Nemelia County, Neb., in 1873; and Andy oc('U[)ies tlic homestead. Mr. Van Sickle cast his first vote for Andrew Jackson and has been a Democrat from th.at da}'. A peaceable, law- abiding citizen, just to his neighbor, and of friendly spirit, he is well respected by tliose who know him and pointed out as a fine example of the self-made man. ^ ARCUS L. TANKESLEY. President and General iManager of the White Oak Roller Mills, and President of the village board of Astoria, stands among the foremost of the prominent business men who have contributed so largely to the financial prosperity of this partof the county. With true public spirit and character- istic liberality, he has aided every enterprise that would in anj' way advance the welfare of the com- munit}', jiromote the growth of the town, or im- prove its condition. Our subject came of good old pioneer stock, and numliers among his ancestry some of the earl\' set- tlers of this State. He is himself a native of Illi- nois, born jin Scott Countj', June I, 1844. His father, Lawner B. Tankesley, was a native of Breck- enridge County, Ky., and a son of Charles Tankes- ley, who was born in South Carolina. The great- grandfather of our subject was a wagon-master in the Revolutionary' War. The grandfather was reared and married in his native State, taking as his wife Nancy Waters. He continued to make his home in South Carolina until 17iM), when he re- moved to Kentucky, and was a pioneer of Brecken- ridge County. He bought a tract of timber land and built a cabin in the wilderness where the In- dians still made their homes, and deer, bear and 376 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. other wild animals roaraeil at will. He was obliged to l)iiild pens of heavy logs to protect his pigs and calves from the ravages of the bears. Mr. Tahkes- ley lived in his Kentucky home nearly forty years, and then, in 1828, left it to acoompau}' his family to the primeval wilds of Illinois, making the entire journey with a team. He settled in that part of the Slate now known as Scott County, where he en- tered a tract of Government land. He erected suitable buildings, and there his death occurred at the ripe age of seventy-Sve years. His wife lived to be eighty-three jears old when she too passed away. The father of our subject was sixteen years old when his parents camo to Illinois. When the Black Hawk War broke out, tlnjugh he had scarcel}' at- tained manhood, he enlisted and did good service in helping to drive the Indians from Northern Illi- nois. He was of a studious thoughtful turn of mind, was ambitious to secure an education, and making the best of his opportunities became quite learned. He commenced teaching when he was in his teens and was one of the pioneer teachers of Scott Countj', conducting a school in the winter season and the remainder of the 3'ear engaging in farming. He made his home in Scott County until nearly the time of his death, when a valued citizen anci a good man was removed from the community where he had so long made his home. A short time before his demise, he went on a visit to his daughter in Texas, and he died while with her in 1887. In earl\- manhood he married Margaret Ann Gillham. She died on the home farm in Scott County when only thirty years of age. Mrs. Tankesley was a daughter of Capt. William Gill- ham, who is thought to bave been a native of North Carolina. He removed from that State to Illinois, and was one of the early settlers on the American Bottom, east of St. Louis. He lived there a few years and then removed to Scott County, where he bought land. He dealt quite extensively in live stock and accumulated a goodly fortune for those days. Heljecame one of the most prominent citi- zens of the county. He was very active in its political life as a Whig, and bore an important pan in public affaiis. He commanded a company in the Black Hawk War and represented his county in the State Legislature. He married Margaret McDow. His useful and honorable career was brought to a close bj' his death at an advanced age and he was buried on his own land. Marcus Tankcsle}' was very young when he had the sad misfortune to lose^his mother by her un- timely death. He continued to live with his father until he was seventeen years old, and was given the advantages of an excellent education attending school quite steadih-. He was scarcely more than a boy when the war l)roke out. With a deep and patriotic love of country inherited from his fore- fathers, he determined to||volunteer to tight for the old flag, and in August, 1861, he enlisted in Com- pany B, Twenty-seventh Illinois Infantry. Our gallant young soldier took [lart in thirteen general engagements and among the most important battles in which he fought we may mention Belmont, Island No. 10. siege of Corinth, Stone River and Chicka- inauga. He was in Sheridan's division at Mission- ary Ridge, Resaca, New Hope Church, and Kenesaw Mountain. His brave soldierly qualities, his fidel- ity in discharging the duties that fell to his posi- tion and his general trustworthiness gained him the good opinion of his superiors and made his war record a creditable] one. After more than three years of experience of a hard life on the Southern battlefields, he was honorably dischM-ged from the service]at Springfield, September 20, 1864, ami returned home to his rejoicing friends. In 1865 Mr. Tankesle3\ ambitious to secure a better education, attended school in Springfield, and for a year closely applied himself to his studies there. After that he entered the employ of the Chicago ik Alton Railroad, as station agent and telegraph operator. Later, he was with the Wabash Railroad Companj- in the same capacity. In 1870 he went to the territories in the employ of the Union Pacific Railroad to assist in building a line of telegraph wires. At that time AVestern Ne- braska, Western Kansas and Colorado were prac- tically unsettled, and deer, antelope, elk and buflfalo were plenty on the plains, where thriving towns have since sprung up. Our suljject stayed four months in the West, and on his return to Illinois became station agent and operator in the em|)l(iy of the Rockford, Rock Island & St.. Louis Railroad PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 377 Company. Seven years later lie resigned that po- sition in order to give attention to the manufacture of flour with W. II. Emerson. They built the White Oak Roller Mills, and our subject has since devoted himself to the management of llie big business that he and his partner have under their control. They have their, [mills supplied with all the most approved machinery, and have a large ca|)acity for making flour of a fine quality. Mr. Tankesley;and Miss Anna Bailey, a native of New Orleans, were married in 186'.i. They have five children: Emma, Roy, Fred, Walter and Wade. Their home is attractive and within it hospitality reigns supreme, the pleasant,]womanIy hostess and courteous, kindly host always extend- ing a cordial welcome to an3' who cross its thres- hold. No man has done more 7or the upbuilding of Astoria and its general improvement than our sub- ject, who has proved a valuable acquisition to the citizenshiii of this locality. His prompt and nietli- odical business habits, good financial talent and tact in the management of affairs have brought him before the public as a desirable civic official, and as President of the Village Board of Trustees he is pushing forward the interests of his adopted home with characteristic ability. He is a man of much decision of character and intelligv'nt and pronounced views on all subjects, particularly in the matter of politics, acting witli the; Democratic party. (p^j^i ILO T. GAMBLE, M. D., of Farmington, is one of the most successful physicians and '^ business men of Fulton County. He con- ducts an exceedingly large practice that extends into I'eoria and Knox Counties, and he is considered one of the most eminent medical men in this section of the State. Aside from his pro- fessional duties the Doctor manages a drug business and has a bookstore, and his financial ability has brought him wealth. Our subject is a native of Beaver Count}-, Pa., his birthplace being near Rochester. He is a son of Andrew and Mary (Thompson) Gamble, natives, respectively, of Hancock County, Va.. and Beaver County, Pa. His mother departed this life in 1888, at the age of sixt^'-nine years. The father of our subject is still living, and carries his seventy-seven years with the vigor of a nuicli younger man. He is derived from one of the early Virginia families, and is a cousin of ex-GovernorGamble,of Missouri. When he was young his parents removed to Beaver Ci.iunty, Pa., and there he was reared and married. During his residence in that county he was [iromi- nent in its public life, and served as County Commissioner. Tlie maternal grandmother of our subject was one of the famous family of Connor, from whom sprang the great Irish orator of that name. She was born in Ireland, and though un- educated was a remarkably intelligent lady, and lived to be nearly one hundred years old. Eight children were born to the parents of our subject, of whom four died in infancy. Those who grew to maturity are .as follows: IMiloT. ; William E., who died in Chicago in 1885, at the age of twenty- four }'ears; Ruth and Dallas C, who are living in Pennsylvania. Dr. Gamble was reared on a farm. His early education was obtained in the common schools, and he subsequently entered the Ilookstown Academy, in Pennsylvania, at the age of seventeen, wlicre he was prepared for college. He pursued a two years' course there, and then taught school and furthered his education the en.suing three years by miscella- neous reading. So well did he apply himself to his books, when he entered Westminister College, at Wilmington, he was graded as a junior. In his senior year his unremitting attention to his studies caused his health to break down and he was obliged to leave college before the commencement exercises of his class. His physician advised him to travel and in compliance with that counsel he came west- ward as far as Illinois in 1871. Here he engaged to act as commercial traveler for a Bloomington business house, and was thus employed until he re- gained his health. He then returned to his native State to comjilete his college course. The Doctor had been so favorably impressed with Illinois that he decided to locate here, and in the fall (if 1871, he returned to this State and for a 378 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. the spring of 1872, in company with his friend Harry Gamble, now a renowned physician of Mononga- hela City, Pa., went to Leavenwortii. Kan., and nas employed as a teacher in tiiat city. In the summer of 1872 he crossed the plains, a party of eight start- ing from Lawrence. The\- followed the old SmoU\' Hill route and saw what was once known as the Great American Desert in its original wildness as there were not many settlements on tlie road. Deer, elk, and buffaloes still roamed by the hundreds over the plains, and the little party saw a herd of three thousand of the latter animals at one time. Our subject and his friends spent the summer in the Rookies, in Utah, Colorado and Montana, and in the fall retraced their steps to Lawrence, Kan. The Doctor then accepted tiie principalship of the High School at Tonganoxie, that State. About that time he began reading medicine under the direction of Dr. J. H. Van Emen, now a distin- guished physician of KansasCity, Mo. As soon as his school was out in the spring of 1873, he began to stud}- with Dr. J. W. Brock, one of the most eminent surgeons of Kansas. He continued his studies under his direction .and was greatly interested in them. In the meantime he attended the winter lectures at the Missouri Medical College at St. Louis, from which he was graduated in 1875. It was the intention of our subject to enter into partnership with his old preceptor, upon completing iiis medical course. But after leaving college he came to Farmiugton on a visit, and was influenced by his friends to begin the practice of his profes- sion in this town. Perhaps he was brought to this decision by his meeting with Miss Alice McCoj', a most amiable and lovable young lad}% at a party given b}- Mrs. Ralston just before he left for Leav- enworth. At any rate the acquaintance thus begun ripened into a warm friendship, which terminated ic a happy marriage that was solemnized New Year's Eve, 1879. Mrs. Gamble was a native of Wooster, Oiiio. Her parents are still living in Farraington. For their historv see sketch of Will- iam McCoy. The Doctor has a beautiful home on the north side of Fort Street, this village, com- prising a handsome two-story frame house, and here he and his wife dwelt in happiness until her untimely death November 14, 1889. She was of a sweet and gracious nature, was faithful to all that belonged to true Christian womanhood, and left behind her the memor}- of all that is pure and good. Three children were born of that marriage: Harrj' Stuart; May, who died at the age of eighteen months; and Luella Frances. After settling in Farmington, the Doctor applied himself very closely to his professional duties and in time has become widely known for his success and skill, and the people place great reliance upon him. In 1881 he embarked in the drug business and has here a fine and well-arranged store and commands a la:rge trade. In 1889 he became owner and proprietor of the book-store here which is a neat and well-appointed establishment, is well stocked with the best literature, all the leading magazines and periodicals of the day, besides school books, etc.. and it adds greatly to the educational facilities of the village. In 1887 the disastrous lire which destro3'ed about half of Farmington, burned the Doctor's drug store and an elaborate medical library which was valued at $1,100 and all his instruments. The destruction of his beloved books was more to our subject than the value of all that was destroyed, as his financial condition was such that he could sustain the pecuciary loss without being crippled. He is one of the wealth}' men of the village, and can afford to indulge in all the lux- uries that he may wish for. One of his fancies is for good horses, of which he is a connoisseur, and the horse men in this county like to have his favor- able judgment on their animals. Our subject has a strong hold on the affections of his fellow-townsmen and of the many to whose ailments he has administered, and he has formed manj' true and lasting friendships. It is sc'ldom that any man is held in such universal esteem as tliis good physician, wise counselor, beloved men- tor and steadfast friend. The Doctor is a man of deep culture and sound learning, and always man- ages to keep abreast of the times, notwithstanding the many demands made on him in his profession and business. His progressive public spirit has placed him among the foremost who have sought to promote the growth and enhance the general wel- fare of this town, and his name is inseparably connected with the advancement of various enter- Henry Myers. Maria Myers PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 383 prises calculated to improve Farmington in partic- ular and tlic county in general. He is naturall_v inclined to politics, but out of force of will and for the honor and dignity of his profession re- strains himself from entering into the political arena. He has, however, represented his party, (the Democratic) at several conventions, but lias never allowed his name to go before any conven- tion or caucus as a candidate for any office. He took an active part in the incorporation of the villflge in 188.5, and, as vve have seen, has contrib- uted liberally to its rise and progress. The Doctor was reared in tlie Presbyterian Church, and retains the stanch decisive principles of tliat faith. T[ ENRY MYERS, a worthy pioneer of the '^^^^ count}', is one of the largest landowners of Farmington Township, of which he is an !^) old settler, and no man within its limits is more highly esteemed tiian he. For many years he had been engaged in farming, and is well-known as having formerly been the owner of more than one thousand .acres of land. The greater part of this vast estate was situated in the Township of Farmington, a portion in Canton Township, and the rest in McDonough County. Valentine Myers, the father of our subject, passed the greater part of his life in Franklin County, Pa., and there died, when his son, of whom we write, was a boy of about ten years. His untimely (loath cut short his prosperous career as a farmer. The mother of our subject, who before her mar riage was Catherine Crill, was bom in Lancaster County, Pa. She had eleven children — Jacob, John, Adam, George, Daniel, David, Samuel, Catherine, Henrj', Elizabeth and Joscijb. Henry Myers was born in Franklin County, Fa,, November 2, 1813. His education was obtained in the subscription schools of the couuty of his nativity, where he grew to manhood. He was married in Pennsylvania in 1837 to Miss Maria Eshelman. and for fift3'-three years they have walked life's road together, have shared its joys and sorrows, and have been true to each other and to all the obligations imposed ui)on them in their married life. Mrs. Myers is a notable housewife, a fine cook, and is noted for her warm-hearted hos- pitality. She has been of great help to her hus- band, and has performed her share of the work whereby the}- have secured a competency. Her parents were John and J\Iartha (Horsh) Eshelman, who were natives of Franklin County, Pa. The Eshelmans were an old famil}' of that St.ate. Mi's. Myers' grandfather (Horsh) came to this country from Germany. Her parents had eight children, namely: Samuel, John, Maria, Daniel, Abraham, Martha, Michael and Catherine. After marriage, Mr. and Mrs. Myers lived in Pennsylvania thirteen }ears, and during that time •five children were born to them. In 1848 they de- cided to build uj) a new home in the Prairie State, and came hither from Pittsburg by river, landing at Copperas Creek in this county in the latter part of Ain-il. Mr. Alyers purchased eighty acres of land in Farmington Township, which he afterwards sold. He has been a great speculator in land, trading numy large tracts, and, as before stated, at one time owned one thousand acres. He has helped his boys to get a good start in life, and tliev ail have good farms and arc well-to-do. He has broken l)rairie and done other pioneer labor, working with the primitive machinery of the olden times, har- vesting with the cradle till the introduction of four-horse reapers, the diopper self rake, and self- binL,and Joseph (deceased). Our subject's maternal ances- tors were Frenchmen. Mr. McCracken passed his youth in Licking County on a farm, attending school during the ■> winter and farming through tiie summer months until he reached his eighteenth year. After that time he worked for three j'ears at the carpenter's trade for §4 a month tlie first year, $9 the second year, and ^i:} the last year. Our subject was married April 20, 1851. to Miss Fann}' Bordner, and soon after marriage they came to this State, making the trip b}- wagon, and were never in a house from the time of leaving until they arrived here, being twenty-one days on the road. The}' first settled near Bryant, Liverpool Township, and after a short time moved to Iowa, but soon returned and lived on Widow Bordner's place one year. They bought one hundred and sixty acres of land in this township on section 7, where they lived for two years, and then selling the land at a large profit and so getting a nice start in life they bought one hundred and sixty acres in this place with only two or three acres of it cleared. Our subject soon built a log cabin and continued to live in it for a period of eleven years during which time he was clearing up and cultiva- ting his estate. He has continued to add to his property until at the present writing he owns four hundred acres of valuable land. He built his frame house in 1868 at a cost of 81,600, and liis barn in the spring of 1884 at a cost of >5l,Oi0.70, and this not counting his own labor. He has farmed quite extensively 'but since the beginning of 1890 has retired from active work, though devoting some of his attention to stock-raising. Mr. McCracken came to this township with 89.65 in his pocket, oneiwagon and two blind horses, and at the present day is one of the wealthiest farmers in this section of the country and his residence and barns arc among the finest in Liverpool Town- ship. To Mr. and Mrs. McCracken have been born five children, four of whom grew to maturity, viz: M. Arista, Ira A., Samuel, Mrs. Rilda J. Denney. Mrs. McCrackcn's birth occurred in Licking County, Ohio, April 15, 1826, being the daughter of Peter and Christena (Losh) Bordner, were na- tives of Berks and Dauphin Counties, Pa., re- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 389 spectively. Her father learned thc^carpenter and joiner trade vvbieh he followed in Pennsylvania until 1825 at which time he removed to Lickini,^ County, Ohio, being one of the pioneers in lh.it county. He worked at bis trade and anything he could get to do, and Zanesville was his nearest trading point. In 1853 he sold bis property and moved to Fulton County, settling in Liverpoul Township, and afterward in Lewistown Townsbi|), where he died in 1882 in his ninety-ninth year. The mother was born in 1789 and is still livingwith her son, Moses Bordner, in Lewistown Township, and at the present writing has attained her one bundi'ed and first year. ^*^l< r-'E^. ^=^EORGE L. DURELL. It is conceded to ill g=i Ije one of the most difficult things known to ^^^41 the business world to establish a local pajier on a paying basis. It requires more patience, per- severance and tact than almost any other calling. Few there are who properly understand the trials that beset the thorn3' path of the country editor, who is expected to issue a paper that will compare in every way with the dailies of the large cities. The subject of this sketch can properly appreciate these remarks, as he has for some years edited and published a family newspa|)er, the Vermont Chron- icle, that finds its way into many a household, and is a fair specimen of i-s kind. Mr. Durell is the son of a well-known family of this county, of which he is a native. He vvasborn in Astoria Township, Aiiril 17, 1851,iieing the youngest son of William and Margaret Durell. (For parental history see sketch of E. P. Durell on another page of this work.) Our subject was three years old when his parents removed to Ver- mont, and here he was reared, and in the public schools obtained his education. At the age of nineteen he commenced to learn the art of i)rinting, at which time he established the Vermont Chronicle. With much enterprise he opened an office, em- ployed a [)ractical com|)ositGr, and stood at the case daj' after day until he had acquired a good knowledge of type-setting. He continued to edit the Chronicle until 1879, when he sold it, as he wished to go to Colorado for the purpose of min- ing. The following year he operate • ..-^-^^ ' < • "• — OHN FISHER stands among the foremost of the successful farmers who have contributed so greatly to the deveIoi)raeut of this county. His interest is centered in Buckheart Town- ship, where he has one of the largest and best man- aged farms in this part of the State, and for many years has been engaged in raising, feeding and sliip- ping stock with good profits. Mr. Fisher was born in the vicinitj' of Washington. Clark County. Ind., October ■>, 1827. The father of onr subject, Frederick Fisher, was a native of North Carolina, and the son of another Frederick Fisher who was of Dutch de- scent, and a pioneer of Indi.ana. The former was a lad of fifteen years when his parents re- moved to Indiana and he grew to manhood amid pioneer surroundings and was there married to Sarah Fouts. Her f.ather was Jacob Fonts, Esq., a native of North Carolina, coming of an old Dutch famil)', and he was a pioneer of Indiana, where he carried on farming. In 1830, Mr. Fisher came to this county, and located in what is now Buck- heart Township, being one of its earliest settlers. Taking up his residence on a wild tract of land, a half mile south of Mr. Fisher's present farm, he continued to live there and developed it. At the expiration of ten years he moved on a farm, three PORTKAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 395 miles south, where the remainder of his life vras passed, his death occurring in 1876. He held an honorable place among the pioneers of the county and his name is cherished as one of those \Yho laid the foundation for its upbuilding. His wife and twelve of their thirteen children survived liim and all are j-et living except the mother, who died in 1887, at the advanced age of eiglity years. She was a native of Clark County, Ind. John Fisher, of wliom this sketch is written, is tlie second son and third child of this large family and was principally reared in Buekhearl Township, lliis county. He spent his school days at the High- bridge school house, but they were soon passed as he was not an attendant for more than six months al- together. His education has been principally gained b}- experience, observation and reading. He re- mained with his parents until twenty-three 3'earj old, and then started ^ut in the world to battle with life on his own account. To aid him in vanquish- ing the difficulties that lay in his way he secured the co-operation of Miss Melissa J. Maxwell, who has been to him a true and faithful wife. Her par- ents were Alexander and Mary Maxwell, and t'.iey came to Fulton County from Tenr.essee at an early day, and she was born in Buckheart Township. Her marri.age with our subject has been productive to them of seven children, as follows: Josephine, wife of Cyrus Alcott, a farmer and fine stock dealer, living near Fairview, 111.; Alice, who mnrried F. M. Foutz, also a farmer and stock dealer near Canton, 111.; she died in December, 1884; Willard, living near the town of Dunfermline, carrying on a farm and running tlie meat market for tlie town, mar- ried Miss Josephine Ballard; Leonard, a farmer, dealer in cattle and fine horses, married Miss Mar}' Bliller and lives near Canton; Charley, farming with his father and makes aspecialt}' of fine cattle; ' Mattie and Bertha at home. After marriage Mr. Fisher settled on the farm three miles south of his present place, comprising eighty acres of land. He had at that time one horse and a wagon borrowing a horse he did a a great deal of teaming. He and his noble wife worked hard and their united labors were gi-eatly prospered. He raised large quantities of hogs and cattle, bought, fed and sold stock, and carried on a large business in that line. He sold that farm and bought one across the road from where he now lives, and has since added to his lauded possessions until he is the proprietor of fifteen hundred acres of as fine land as the sun ever slione on. On a fann of six hundred anrl forty acres of this land is located one of the finest coal mines in the State, and here is established the town of Dunfermline. The business carried on is extensive and brings Mr. Fisher a princely income. A considerable prop- ert}' in Canton adds to his possessions. He has an aniiile suppl}- of buildings, including a commodious dwelling and a good barn. From cwerwork and close application to business, Mr. Fisher was pros- trated for three years, but has now in a great measure recovered his health, and is also able to at- tend to his many duties on the farm, and to look after his extensive interests. Our subject has al- ways been keenly alive to the interests of township and county, and has been an important factor in promoting them. He has been the recipient of public honors from his fellow citizens who have rec- ognized his superior business tact and other fine business qualifications and have often called him to assist in the administration of public affairs. Thus he has been a member of the County Board of Supervisors, Township Collector, and School Di- rector, having served in the latter capacilj' twenty- five years. In politics he is a stanch Republican and his influence is used to advance the cause of his part}'. ^ 1 m~^\f\/r ILLIAM A.GEARHART, the son of a pio- .^j,j neer of Fulton County, is industriously ^ pursuing his occupation .as a farmer on section 18, Orion TownshiiJ, of which he is a val- ued citizen, and here he has one of the coziest and happiest homes in all the communit}'. He is a son of John Gearhart who was born in Pennsjdvania and migrated from the Keystone State to this county forty-five years ago. William A., the sub- ject of this sketch married Lillian Ross in Febru- ary, 1876. Our subject was reared to a strong and energetic manhood in this county and has since identified 300 POin'RATT AND r.IoaRAPIlICAT. ALBUM. himself with the agrifuluiiMl ckMiient tiiat is llie main factur in |)iouioliiig the prosperitj- of Orion Townshi|). He is a practical, clear-headed man and lias good capabilities as a farmer, has his i)lace uii.- der admirable cultivation and supplied with nec- essary buildings, and it is in gooti condition generally. We sliould be doing but scant justice to our sub- ject did we not devote a part of this sketch to the good wife who is laboring so faithfully bj' his side and is an important aid to him in his work. She is an intelligent, amiable woman, is wise in counsel and a true friend to thoie about lier. She is a daughter of the late Isaac W. Ross, who was a prominent merchant of Canton, and was also a very prominent Mason, a member of tlie Grand Lodge of tlie A. F. & A. M., of the State of Illinois. Mrs. Gearhart is a granddaughter of Gilbert Thorne, who moved from Marion County, W. Va.. to Illi- nois in 1827, and settled in Orion Township. Isaac AY. Ross, Mrs. Gearhart's father, marrieil Juliet Thorne, and his widow now resiiles in Canton. Mr. Geiirliart lives comfortably surrounded by a happy family, the home circle of himself and wife being completed by their daughter Edith, aged thirteen, and Jessie agerl seven years. Mr. Gear- liart is in all respects a sincere minded, straightfor- ward man, of excellent habits and a kindl}' dispo- sitinn. and he and his amiable wife stand well in the communitv. NDREW J. HARLAN. Terhaps no resi- dent iu Young Hickory Township, has ill shown a greater degree of enterprise in the affairs of this world than the subject of this notice, who is now Superintendent of the Central Cla3^ Company, in which he is the princi- pal shareholder and President of the London Mill- ing Companj', of London Mills. The energy of his character is not manifested solely for his per- sonal aggrandizement, but has been displayed, in various positions of public responsibility, and in the promulgiition of the cause of Christianity. Our subject is of good blood, being descended from an old English fainil3\ George, Michael and Jonathan Harlan emigrated to America many years ago, and our subject is a lineal descendant of the eldest brother. Grandfather Harlan, whose given name was Jonathan, was born in North Carolina, and reared as a farmer. When the first settlements were made in Ohio, he determined to come North, and locating in Clinton County, eight miles from the Little Miami River, he hewed out a home from the wilderness, and eventually' became wealths. He was a prominent member of society, and was the first Sheriff of the county. One of his sons, Andrew J. Harlan, was a Congressman from In- diana. The father of our subject was David S. Harlan, who was reared in his native Bucke3-e State, fol- loweil farming. and worked somewhat at brickmak- ing there. In the fall of 1850 he came to Central Illinois on his way to Polk County, Iowa, but be- ing pleased with this section, he determined to re- main here. He was a natural mechanic, able to turn his baud to anj-tliing, and he at once found emploj'ment, his first work being making a kiln of brick for David Cowman. In the spring of 18.')2, he went on to Iowa with an ox-teara and two wag- ons, and spent a short time in breaking prairie. He then returned to this State, finally buying land in Young Hickoiy Township, and reclaiming a raw farm from its primitive condition. He held vari- ous township offices, was School Trustee for jears, and possessed much influence. He was one of three men in the township vvho voted for Salmon P. Chase in 1852. He was one of the operators of the underground railroad both in Ohio and here. He was reared iu the Quaker faith, but finally united with the Methodist Episcopal Church. Ho died in 1886, when more than seventy-four years old. The mother of our subject was Marj- Cowman, who was born in Virginia in 1809, and who is now living on the old homestead, at the advanced age of eightj'-one years. Iler father, Peter Cowman, was born in NewJersev. January 1, 1777, and af- ter reaching manhood removed to Virginia, where be owned a farm in Rockbridge County, five miles from the Natural Bridge. He was a teamster in the War of 1812. In the fall of 1832 he removed PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 397 with 'his family by wagon to llighUuid County, Ohio, where he became a well-to-do farmer. He died in 1844, cheered by the faith of the Presby- terian Church. His daughter, afterward Mrs. Har- lan, was a young lady when the removal to the Buckeye State took place. She is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. The parental family included eight children be- sides our subject, who is the first-born; Cyrus died at home in 1863; Milo occupies the old home- stead; Plato resides in Kansas; Napoleon Bona parte died here in 1866: Mrs. Louisa Swartz lives in this township; Mrs. Adelia Spurlockln Chestnut Township, Knox County; Mrs. Mary Swartz, in Canton; Mrs. Minerva Dailey is with her mother on the old homestead. Plato and Napoleon en- listed in 1861 in the Forty-sevenlh Illinois Infan- tr3-, and served over three years ; Milo served in the Eighty-third Illinois Infantry three years, hold- ing the rank of Corporal. Andrew ,). Harlan was born in Clinton County, Ohio, near Wilmington, December 20, 1835, and reared on the farm which he helped to clear, driv- ing oxen when teams were used. His early educa- tion was obtained in the primitive subscription schools held in the log building fitted up with home-made furniture. He was fifteen years old when his parents came to this State, and well re- members the overland journey that lasted four weeks. Being anxious to gain more knowledge, young Harlan was permitted to work by the month or day a part uf the time in order to get money whcreliy to lulp pay his way at school. In 1855 he entered llcdding Female Seminary, now Hed- ding College, at Abingdon, during the first term of the institution. lie studied six months in a year, working on a farm during the other seasons, tluis making his way for two years. • Being sent to Ohio to look after some of his fa- ther's interests, young Harlan stopped at Marion, Ind., on his return, and spent six months in atten- dance at Marion Seminary. The follovving sum- mer he taught school in this vicinity, then again studied at Abingdon, and from that time until the spring of 1868, was alternating the duties of a farm laborer, school teacher, and student. The next two winters were devoted to professional work, and the succeeding jear to the management of the home farm, which he had had_^charge of during the war when his brothers were awa}' with the Union forces. In the fall of 1870 Mr. Harlan took to himself a wife in the person of Mrs. Elizabeth (Hall) Dyer, a capable and amiable woman, to whom he owes not only the comforts of his home, but much en- couragement and wise counsel in his affairs. She was born in Ellisville Township, and reared and educated there. Her parents, David E. and Eliza- beth (Potts) Hall, came here from Ohio, as early as 1832. After his marriage, Mr. Harlan rented a farm, and in 1872 bought three hundred and twenty acres on section 4, bordering on the Spoon River. He cleared half of it, and as the land is well adapted for the cultivation of all kinds of grain, he has lirospered exceedingly by the wise use of improved methods. The farm now bears excellent improve- ments of all kinds, the buildings upon it being the best in the township. Some time after the pur- chase of this property, Mr. Harlan bought the old home of his wife — a valuable tnact of improved land which corners with this. It consists of one hundred and thirty-threa acres in Chestnut Town- ship, Knox County. Realizing the need of good means of trans|iorta- tion, Mr. Harlan helped the Fulton County Nar- \ row Gauge Railroad as much as possible, letting tlic road through his farm for almost nothing, and likewise giving the right of way for a mile to the 1 Iowa Central. As soon as the Narrow Gauge was j built, he began buj'ing hogs, being the first shipper ] over tiic new road. F'or several years he shipped ! over both routes to his great advantage. In 1884 or 1885, he laid out an addition on his farm, and in I January, 1890, platted A. J. Harlan's Second Ad- i dition, from which he is now selling lots. In 1886 he became a partner in the London Milling Com- p.any, and President thereof. This company, in ad- dition to the business in London Mills, carries on a wholesale and retail depot in Peoria. Some time since Mr. Harlan found that he had valuable fire clay on his farm, and conceived the idea of starting a brick factor^'. He had several objects in view, one being to institute a good busi- ness in the manufacture, and another to increase the sale of lots. In the spring of 1890, therefore, a 398 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. partnership was formed between himself and Sam- uel Hall, a factor3' Iniilt, and a plant [uit in. The business is but fairl}- started, but promises satisfac- tor3' results. Tlie capacilj- of the establishment is fifty thousand bricks per day, and tlie articles are made with especial view to their use in paving and building. The railroad compan}' has put in a switch to the factor}-, where thirty-Sve luuids are already eiiiplo}'ed iu manipulating claj^ equal to any in the country. Mr. Harlan was Supervisor three years, during that time being Chairman of the Committees on Fees and Salaries, and on'Jurors. He was Assessor live years. Trustee for a long time, Justice of the Peace two terms, and Commissioner of Highways several terms. He has likewise served as School Director, and been a member both of grand and petit juries. He is a stanch member of the Re- publican party, has been a member of the Cen- tral Committee, and a delegate to county conven- tions. He is identified with the Odd Fellows fra- ternity, and has passed through all the chairs in the lodge at Lonymaii. Me., in 1834 to Miss Louisa Lambert Lord, na- tive of Alford, Me., and member of an ancient and aristocratic family. To this union were born seven children: viz., Louisa Jane, Frances Helen, who died in childhood; Belinda 'I'arleton, who married Everett R. Breed and is now deceased; Alfred Her-- man, deceased; Carrie Alice, Robert Franklin, and Nathaniel. Carrie A. married David Schoonmaker, and resides in West Union, Iowa. Our subject at the present writing is in his eighty- first year, but conducts the choir at the Congrega- tional Church. Educated in the East and having every advantage both for intellectual training and social culture Mr. Little is well fitted to be a leader. He has in his possession a genealogy of the Little family which extends back into the sixteenth century, and also [ireseryes a cane which was made out of a log used in building the first house bo- longing to his ancestors who settled at Newberry, Mass., in 1640. This family is now very numerous, 400 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. .■iiul a complete history of it would fill a large volume and be very interesting reading matter. Mr. Little's grandfather and great-grandfather were botli sol- diers of the Revolutionary Army, the former as Lieutenant, the latter as Commissar^-. ^l^-REDERICK A. BUTLER is a native-born llN© citizen of this county and is now an impor- ili tant member of its farming communit}-, owning and ablv managing a finely improved farm within the corporate limits of Farmiugton. In this town of his birth he is a leader in social and politi- cal circles, and he has here a very handsome resi- lience on East Fort Street. Mr. Butler is the youngest son of one of Farm- ington's oldest settlers. He was born on his fa- ther's homestead, January 9, 1850, and vvas reared and educated here, completing his education in the High School. He was bred to the life of a farmer, and having a natural taste for the calling he adopted it for his life work when he arrived at years of discretion. He owns a sixty-acre farm within the corporate limits of Farmington, wliich is under excellent tillage and is amply provided with neat and well-ordered buildings. Besides this farm he has an interest in two hundred and ten acres of land, in partnership with his brothers Charles C. and Cornelius B. His career as a farmer has shown him to be sharp, practical and a good raan.ager. He conducts his work in a busi- ness-like manner, and so as to secure good returns, and tlie income that he derives from the cultiva- tion of his land is very satisfactor3'. He is activel3^ interested in all that pertains to the welfare of his native township, and no one is more zealous in promoting its interests than he. He is a keen politician, keeping himself well informed in re- gard to party movements. In his views he is a decided Republican, and in 1890 his political friends came within four votes of electing him Mayor of Farmington. • Mr. Butler and Miss Lettie Butler were wedded in the month of December. 1875, and the marriage has proved one of mutual happiness. They have a fine familj- of five children living — Ford (or Ruther- ford), Ivah, Bertha, M3rtle a'nd Earl. One died unnamed. Mrs. Butler is a daughter of Peter and Sarah Jane (White) Butler. Her father was born in Alleghenj', Pa., and iier mother was also a native of that State. The father w.as a farmer by occu- pation, and was married in his native State. In 18G8 he came to Illinois and settled in Young Hickorj- Township. Thej' are enjoying the declin- ing years of well-spent lives in the peace and com- forts of a cozy home. They are the parents of eight children — Rachael, Mar}-, .Jane, Minerva, Charlotte, Lettie, Peter and Eva. Rachael became the wife of Mr. Van Spence, a farmer of Farming- ton; Mar^' is a dressmaker in Farmington; .Jane married B. Berry, of Canton; Minerva is the wife of John McCo3% of Independence, Pa.; Charlotte married I. X. Ha3'slip, a barber in Farmington; Peter, who is a farmei', resides near London IMills; Eva is the wife of Jerr3' While, of London Mills. Mrs. Butler was born in Allegheny County, Pa., and came to Illinois in 18G8 with her father. She is a woman of fine character and good Christian principles, and is a member of the Methodist Epis- cojial Church. Mr. Butler is pro)iJinentl3' con- nected with the Odd Fellows, and is serving at present as N'oble Grand'of Memento Lodge, No. 44. He has served in all the chairs of the order. ps^ARAH MITCHELL. This fine old Eng- '' ' " lish lady resides upon a pleasant farm in Orion Township, the possession of which is largely due to her own industr3'. She still pursues an active career, the more arduous labors of earlier life being replaced by useful and kindl3' deeds, and leisure from the harassing cares of life being but a synonym for larger opportuni- ties. Mrs. Mitchell was born in Norfolkshire, Eng land, February 14. 1829. Her first husband, Jarvis Nightengale, died in England, where she in 1865 became the wife of Josei)h Emory. In 1872 she and her second husband crossed the Atlantic, land- ?-u^t<^ c/±..^^A^ 0'-yL^^>Z.C^ PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 403 ing- at Portland, Me., whence they came West, arriving; at Canton, 111., April 20. Here Mr. Emory foiuul eniplo3'ment in the factory of Messrs. Par- lin .and Orendorf, while his wife labored in tlie Orendorf family. The combined efforts and econ- omy of the worthy couple secured to them the first $1,000 Ibey ever had and with it they pur- chased eighty acres of land. Upon it they made their home, developing its resources, and sur- rounding themselves with more and more of the comforts of life. There Mr. Emory breathed his last, January 6, 1881. Subsequently the widow married William Mitch- ell, who with her is now occupying the homestead. Mrs. Mitchell is identified with the Church of Eng- land. Her estimable character and useful life se- cure to her the respect of her acquaintances and the deeper regard of those who know her best. (^^^HOMAS PAYNE occupies an important //7^^> place in tiie farming. community of Orion ^^!^''' Township, and is active in advancing the agricultural interests of the county. He is a native of Indiana, Ilarrisonville the place of his birth, and .lanuary 1, 1831 the date thereof. His parents were pioneers of Indiana, going to that .^'tate in early times, from North C'arolina. They had a famil3' of eight children, as follows: Sarah, the oldest, married Jesse Henson and lives in Laclede Countj-, Mo.; John, who is married and lives in Worth County, Mo. ; Martha married Charles Ak- les and lives in Ilarrisonville, Ind.; Mary Ann married James Jeter, a resident of Ilarrisonville; Malinda married David Sheets of Mitchell, Ind. ; Isaac was in the United States Navy during the Civil War, but has since died. Thomas Payne was a member of the Stute Militia of Missouri during the late war, and did good ser- vice as a defender of our countrj-. He earh' gave his attention to farming and in 1 863 came to Orion Township, attracted thither by the flue opportuni- ties offered to the industrious and wide-awake farmer to make more than a bare living from tilling the soil. He located on his present farm on section 12. and in the years of hard labor that have since followed has made it one of the choicest farms in the neighborhood. Its one hundred and sixty acres being well cidiivated, yield him bountiful harvests, and he has the place supplied with substantial im- provements, including a neat and well ordered set of farm buildings and fine machinery for carrying on all his farming operations. He is engaged in mixed husbandry and devotes especial attention to raising sheep, and conducts that industry very profitably. Mr. Payne has been twice married. The maiden name of his first wife was Emma Jane Bradley, and tliej' were married in 18.J8. Their wedded life though happy, was brief, as she died in 1859. On October 24, 1860, our subject was united in the holy bonds of matrimony to his present wife, whose maiden name was Mary E. Murdagh. Mrs. Payne was born January 14, 1834 in Delaware and at the age of four years accompanied her parents to St. Louis, Mo. Her pleasant wedded life with our sub- ject has been blessed b}' the birth of eight children, seven of whom are now living, and the following is the family record: Alexander G., born July 18, 18G1, died at the age of fourteen; Mar}' I., born February 22, 1863, married Butler Henkle ami lives in Orion Township; Stephen R., born Febru- ary 27, 1865; Emma J. Februar}- 2, 1867; John N. August 27, I.SG9; Jessie E., December 18, 1871; Henry II., December 26, 1873; and Sarah May, April 20, 1877. Mr. and Mrs. Payne are universally admired for their boundless hospitality and are greatly esteemed by their neighbors for their man\' excellent quali- ties of head and heart. Mr. Payne is a very capable man, ami is endowed with strength of character and indei>endent opinions of his own that give him influence in the community. He is the Master of Orion Grange, and to his zealous labors it owes a great deal of its present high standing as an organ ■ ization. He is identified with the Union Lal)or party and takes an intelligent interest in politics. The reader's attention is invited to a lithographic l)orlraitof Mr. Payne presented in connection with this brief biographical review. 404 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. ^^ HAKLES BRYANT EDMONSON is a Bne [if^^ representative of the veterans of the late ^^^J war who diil sucii valuable service in de- fence of the L'uion. He is the oldest settler now living in Deerfield Township, with whose agricultu- ral interests he is connected, and he is held in genuine respect by the entire community. Our subject is a son of one of the earliest pioneers of this county, John S. Edmonson, who was born in North Carolina. November 1, 1800. He married Feredic Lackey, who was born in South Carolina. February 8, 1808. They came to Fulton Count}- in 1830. being among the first settlers of Bernadotte Township, then moved to Smithfield,this county, where they st.ayed about two jxars. Thcj' then moved to Deerfield Township, and for many years were active in its pioneer labors, having their home on section 2. In 1864 thej- took up their residence in Walnut Grove, McDonough County, and from there went to Good Hope, iu the same county, where the father died August 12, 1887, at a ripe ohl age. The mother of our subject is still living. He of whom we write is the oldest sou of tliirteen children, and he was born in Jackson County, Ala., November 29, 1827. In the month of March, 1848, he started out in life for himself, and the ensuing two years was engaged in learning the trade of a blacksmith with John Shuver at Lewis- town. At the expiration of that time, having ac- quired a thorough mastery of his calling, he did journej' work for eight months at Knoxville. Returning to his old home he opened a smithy o' his own on section 2, Deerfield Township, and was actively' engaged as a blacksmith till 1862. In that year Mr. Edmonson laid aside all personal considerations to take part in the war. He enlisted in Company D, One Hundred and Third Illinois Tnfantr}-. and was with his regiment until January 1864. He was then transferred to the reserve corps and continued with it until June 29. 1865, when he was honor.ably discharged from the arm)', having faithfully performed his duties as a brave, patriotic and efficient soldier, whether in camji or on the field of battle. After he left the array, our subject returned to a farm of his own on section 3, Deerfield Township. and for two j^ears carried on his trade while man- aging his farm. He added forty acres to his home- stead, the latter purchase being located on section 10. where he now resides. He kept house for him- self from the time he returned from the South, till by his marriage, June 5, 1870, with Rebecca Dyekmau, he secured the valuable assistance of one who knows well how to manage household affairs and has looked carefully after his comfort ever since. 31rs. Edmonson was horn June 15, 1851, in Deerfield Township, and she is a daughter of Richard and Sarah (Leeper) Dyekman. natives respectivel}' of Indiana and Ohio. The fruit of her marriage with our subject is four children — Chai'les F., Minnie E., John A., and Frank M. Our subject has a fine farm of one hundred aud fifteen acres of which seventj--five acres are under good cultivation. It is well-stocked with cattle, horses and hogs of good grades, as our subject engages iu general farming, aud the buildings are neat and well arranged. At one time, our subject took considerable inter- est in politics and was active in such matters, and he still votes with the Re|)ublican part\'. He is in- terested in the welfare of the township which has been his home for so man)' years, and for two years he did good service as Road Commissioner. He is a man of high religious character, and in him the Cumberland Presbyterian Church finds one of its most useful members, and he takes part in the Union Sunday-School near by. fl^7 LOYD E. MARINER. Although not yet thirty years of age this gentleman is carry- ing on quite extensive operations as a farmer and stock-raiser iu Orion Township, owning two hundred and eighty acres of land on section 29. He makes quite a specialty of blooded horses, having one imported Belgian of considerable value. Order prevails upon the estate, whicii is conducted according to the most approved principles ot mod- ern husbandry, and is marked with excellent im- provements of various kinds. Our subject belongs to one of the old and prom- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 40o inent families of the county, his parents, Eliphalet and Julia C. (Lord) Mariner, having- come hither in KS;iG and settled on section 19, Canton Town- ship, on land still held in the family name. The parental famil}' consists of seven children of whom our subject is the sixth. Louisa married Peter A. Wheeler and resides iu Ringgold County, Iowa; Harriet, unmarried, lives with her motiier in Canton ; Joseph B. is married and living in Page County, Iowa; Myron married Catherine Flowers and occupies the old homestead in Canton Town- ship; Charles married Isabella Churchill and lives in Bushnell, McDonough County; Lewis is unmar- ried and living with his mother. The gentleman of whom vvc write was born on the old homestead in this count\- February 21, 1861. He obtained a good practical education and his taste leading him to become a tiller of the soil, he early began to make a study of his occupation. He was fortunate in winning for his wife Miss Emma Sargent, an educated and refined young lady with whom he was united in marriage March 25, 1885; she is a daughter of David and Sarah Sar- jjent of Canton. ^^ OL. AUGUSTUS B. SMITH, Sheriff of Fal- (([ ton County, is one of the ablest and most ^^^ popular men who have ever held this re- sponsible position in this count}-, and the interests of law and order have never been better observed than by' him. As one of the bravest officers com- manding the Illinois regiments during the late Civil War, his valuable services won him a dis- tinguished military record. Col. Smith was born in the town of Grceufleld, Saratoga County, N. Y., June 2, 1833. His father, John Smith, was born and reared in Connecticut. When a young man he went to Jsew York and there married. He had been reared to the life of a farmer, and he bouglit a farm in Green6eld, and there spent the remainder of his days. The maiden name of his wife was C'vnthia Hewitt and she was a native and a lifc-Umg resident of New York. Our subject i>assed his early years on a farm, remaining with his father until he was eight- een years old. He then started out in the world for himself, and coming to Illinois first stopped at Vermont, where he engaged himself to clerk in the store of Judge Turnicliff, and w.as with him two 3-ears. He was then stricken with cliolera and came near dying. After his recovery he returned to his native county and clerked with his brother, J. G. Two years he vvas thus engaged, and at the expira- tion of that time came back to Illinois and acted as clerk for a few months for his brother, Amos, at Cannon, lie next resided at Copperas Creek Land- ing, where his attention was given to the commission business, which he conducted with good financial success for two or three years, and was then burned out and lost all his property. After that calam- ity he returned to Canton, and with the assistance of his brother Amos, started in the liardware busi- ness, which he carried on until 18C2. His patriot- ism was aroused by the great civil war then raging, and he determined as soon as he could arrange his atfairs to offer his services to defend the Stars and Stripes. He enlisted in the month of August, 1862, in Company K, One Hundred and Third Ill- inois Infantry, and served throughout the remain- der of the war. He was in the battles of Vicksburg, Black River, Jackson (Miss.) and Missionary Ridge. He liad be°n mustered into the aru)y as First Lieu- tenant, and in July, 1863, whs promoted to the captaincy of his company, and was in command from the fall of 1862 until his promotion to the position of Inspector General, which took place while he was with Slicrman on his Atlanta cam- paign. He was in the heat of the most important battles of tliat campaign, and was at the head of his company in the siege and capture of tliat city. He went with the First Division of the Fifteenth Army Cor|)s, of which he was Inspector General, from Atlanta to the sea and thence to the Caro- linas r,nd Richmond, and on to Washington, where he took part in tlie Grand Review. He was hon- orably discharged with his regiment at Louisville, in 1865. At the close of his military life Col. Smith re- sumed the hardware business in Canton, and cou- ducled it until 1886, when he came to Lewistowii to assume the duties of Sheriff. His life as an of- 406 PORTRAIT AXO BIOGRAPHICAL ALliFM. ficcr in the army was o-ooclprepai;ilii)iitor lliis [>om- lion. He possesses in a full degree the necessary resolution, diguit} and self-possession, and the high courage liiat faces everj- danger unflincliingly, while he is at the same time just and humane in the discharge of his duties. Politically, he is a Republican and gives a stanch support to his partj'. In 1885 he was ajjpointed a member of Gov. Ogles- by's staff with the rank of Colonel, and in 1889 Gov. Fifer called him to the same position on his staff, which he still holds. Col. Smith has been married three times. He was wedded to his present wife in 1882. She was formerl}' Miss Addie Pajne. She was born in Iowa and was reared in Illinois. Our subject has one child bj' his first marriage, Gussie E.; and three children by his second marriage — Charles, Albert and Jerrv. \f ( AMES COMSTOCK SPARKS, a prominent farmer and stock-raiser of this county, oc- cupies a leading place among the intelligent, progressive agriculturists of Astoria Town- ship. He has here a fine stock farm, and one of the most attractive homes in this locality. lie is a na- tive of Ohio, born in Hamilton County. ^November 3, 1830, to Levi and Sophia (Comstock) .Sparks. who were also natives of the Buckeye State. " The paternal grandfather of our subject was Mathew Sparks. He came originall}' from France and was a soldier in the War of 1812. He removed from Ohio to Schuyler Countj'. this State, about 1830 or 1833, and was one of its early settlers. The maternal grandfather of our subject was Dr. James Comstock, a pln-sician and an earh- pioneer of Ohio. The parents of our subject were married and lived in their native State until 1837, when they became pioneers of this State. They made their way by boat to St. Louis, and after arriving here settled in the county before mentioned, where Mr. Sparks had a wai-ehouse and a landing pier on the rircr. He was a man of considerable promi- nence in those parts and was a Justice of the Peace. His untimely death in the mouth of March, 1844, was a blow to the interests of the communitj-. His family continued lu reside at Sparks Landing until 1850, when they came to this county and located in Pleasant Township. The mother came to Asto- ria in 1856 and lived there until her demise in 1861. She was a Christian and a consistent member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. The subject of this sketch is one of a famil}- of three children, and the names of the others are Prudence W. and EstherA. He was educated in the common schools, and was reared to the life of a farmer. After his father's death he took charge of the home aflfairs and resided with his mother until his marriage, which took place March 12, 1857, wlien he was united to Miss Idress E., a daughter of James and Ala (Lane) Carter. In the fall of that year our suliject and his bride settled where thej- now reside on section 1 1, Asto- ria Township. He operates one hundred and sixtj' acres of land, which he has placed under cultiva- tion, and has greatly increased its value bj- many fine improvements. He has erected a handsome residence and two substantial barns, besides other necessary buildings. He has paid great attention to breeding thoroughbred .Short-horn cattle for the past fourteen jears, and he was one of the first to establish a herd of that breed in this township. He has been a leading and active Mason since 1852 and is highly thought of both socially and as a man of honorable business traits. OHN L. HARRIS. Though there is a great similarity in the lives of most people that at a casual glance makes them almost iden- tical, yet each human life possesses its own special point of interest, with which to claim the attention of the community in which the}' reside. And the life of our subject is peculiarly replete with interesting subject matter. He is the son of Isaac and Margaret J. (Littlejohn) Harris, natives of Ohio, the former born in the year 1813. Our subject's father came to Illinois in compan}' with his father, John Harris, the first settler in what is now known as Harris Township, a place that when organized was named in his honor. John Harris PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 407 lived to be nearly a century old. Tlie father was a soldier in the Black Hawk War and a prurainent man in liis loealit}'. The Littlejohii family were esrly settlers in Bernadotte Townsliii). The par- ents of our subject were married in the latter- named place. Mr. Harris' father, previous to iiis nitiniaue with •our subject's mother hail been married before, and to that union were born five ciiildron. His second marriage took place about forty-seven years ago and to this union have been born ten chiklren, nine of whom are livinj.' at llie present lime. (Jur siiliject's liirtli occurred February 8. 1850, in Bernadotte Townsliij). and in liis native place be received a common-school education at the district scliool. He h,as from oarly childhood devoted his attention to farming, a choice of professions which liis great success lias proved to be n wise one. He continued to live with his fatlier until liis marriaiie December 22, 1872. Tlie lad3- with whom he united liis destiny being Miss Sarah S. Fayette, daughter of Jesse S. and Sarah (Herbert) Fayette, botii of whom are dead. Mr. and Mrs. Harris, afier marriage remained on the home farm until 187G, and at that time removed to tlieir present farm. Mrs. Harris died September 2, 1882, and her remains rest in Totten Cemetery. The}' were the parents of three children, viz: Nel- lie May, Sarah M., and Emma L., all of whom are receiving common-school educations. Our snliject was again married, October 7, 1883, to Miss ;Mary E. Wauglitel, daughter of Iknuy Waughtel, one of the earliest settlers in Cass Town- ship, and the first Supervisor. She was born De- cember 26, 1853, at the old homestead and received a common-school education. To this union have been born three children — Edna. Clarence I., and Florence. Both Mr. and Mrs. Harris are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church at Smilhfield, and he is Steward and Trustee of the same. Their in- terest in Sunday-school matters is great and their wealth and influence enable them to be of great benefit to all religious and worthy causes. Mr. Harris is a School Director in District No. o. He is a Republican in politics. Our subject is the owner of two hundred and seventeen acres here and one hundred anil fiftj'-tive acres in Cass Township, and sixty-two acres of valuable land in Bernadotte Township. His resi- dence was built in 1881 at a cost of §800, and his barn in 1887, at a cost of §800, and these sums did not include his own work. His success through life has been marked, anil is due enlh-ely to his own exertions. ihM- -^J^^Ii K- SWENEY, a worthy farmer of Ij '' \\\ Lee Township, is the oldest cliild of Mont- jj! ili gomery and Mary M. (Kehr) Sweney, who * began tlieir residence in this county in the spring of 1838. The father was born in Ireland in 1787. and the mother in Northumberland County, Pa., in 1795. After their removal to this county they located on section 24, Lee Township, where the father died in 1868. The mother survived until 1882 when she also entered into rest. The pa- rental family included four sous and four daugh- ters. The birth of our subject took place in Northum- berland County, Pa., August 13, 1817, and he re- mained there until the fall of 1837. He then came to this county where he followed his trade of a printer until 1839, when he abandoned it and be- gan farminu;. He returned to his native State, lived thereuntil 1846 and then came again to Illi- nois, locating vvhere he now resides on section 23, Lee Township. There are now but three persons living in the township that were here when Mr. Sweney made his settlement. He was oblige/l to go to Canton for mail and to pay twenty-five cents postage on a letter. Mr. Sweney is now the owner of one hundred and ninety acres of good land, most of which he has personally inijjroved. He has one hundred and sixty acres under cultivation and in its management evinces a good understanding of farm methods and a degree of enterprise that is worthy of emulation. The marriage of our subject and Miss Elizabeth TenBrook was celebrated at the bride's home in Northumberland County, Pa., December 8, 1842. Mrs. Sweney was born in thatcount}- February 27, 1825, being a daughter of Andre -.v and Elinor (Cor- 408 PORTRAIT AND BIUURAPHICAL ALIUJM. rey) TenBrook. Her fathei- was born in New Jer- sey and the mother in the same county as herself, and both died in the Keystone State. Tlie family of Mr. and Mrs. Sweney consists of eight living children and three have been vcmoved from them b^' death. John J. married Susan W. Lewis and lives in Lee Township; William M., mar- ried Elizabeth Risely and makes his home in Peo- ria; P'lora A., became the wife of Robert Bivans and lives in Macon, Macon Count}'; James W., still occupies his pl.acc under the parental roof ; An- drew T., who married Louisa F. .Smith, lives in Cowley County, Kan.; Albert B. married Anna Anistine and his home is in Chej-enne County, Neb. ; Lizzie A., is the wife of C. S. Sperling, their home being in Bushnell, McDonough County; Edward I., is still with his parents; Fannie who was born September 20, 1860, had entered upon a promising womanhood when called from time to eternity-, September 20, 1882. The family has been reared on the farm now occupied bj- the parents and ever}- effort has been made to give them good educations and bring them ui) in the way the}' should go. Mr. Sweney is a Democrat by inheritance but takes no active part in politics. He has served his fellow-citizens in the capacities of School Director, Assessor and Pathmaster, and in each iiosition has won commendation. He and his wife belong to the Good Templars order and each of their children is also identified therevvith, Edward being State Dep- uty. Mr. and Mrs. Sweney are members of the Presbyterian Church in which our subject has been Elder. The}' are held in good re|)ute by all who know them and have many sincere friends throughout the community. ^ ^-*-B- ^ OBERT F. McLaren. Among those to whom this county owes a debt of gratitudt for their share in the development of hei |; great agricultural resources, and in the var- ious affairs through which the interests of society are advanced, the name of Robert McLaren should not be passed unnoted. He was born in Woodland Township, October 9, 1835, and his earl\- recollec- tions are of a country much more primitive in ap- pearance than that upon which his eyes now rest when he looks about him. The j)ioncer school which he attended during his boyhood was held in a log house with puncheon lloor, slab benches, a writing desk made by boring holes in the wall, inserting wooden |)ins and laying a plank upon them, and heated by a fireplace which occu-' pied nearly the whole end of the building. The chimne}', which «vas built of earth and sticks, was upon the outside. Mr. McLaren began to assist in the cultivation of the farm as soon as he was large enough, re- maining with his parents until 185-1, when he re- moved to Astoria to begin an apprenticeship at the trade of a wagonmaker. Completing his trade within two years, he took up the work of a jour- neyman, following it twelve years, after which he turned his attention to house painting. In this oc- cupation he has been engaged to some extent to the present time. His record as a local official ex- tends over a period of considerably more than a quarter of a century, and his reputation asa(;onsci- entious and eflicient public servant in the various positions to which he h.as been called is undeniable. He served as Township Clerk ten years, as Village Clerk two years, as School Director six years, and h.as been 'Justice of tlie Peace twenty-eight years. He has alw.ays been a Democrat, his first vote having been cast for James Buchanan. He is a member of Astoria Lodge, No. 100, F. & A. M. The .agricultural labors in which Mr. JIcLarcn has borne an important part are indicated in the surroundings of his early life, as noted in the facts regarding his parents. His grandparents, Robert and Mary (Gorry) McLaren, were natives of Scot- land, who left the land of thcii birth in 1S"22. to make a home for themselves and children in America. They sailed from Bruntellen, .Scotland, and after a voyage of seven weeks landed at Philadelphia, whence they journeyed to Pittsburg with ttams, from there on a flatboat down the Ohio river to Evansville, Ind., whence they were con- veyed to Gibson County by wagons. Mr. McLaren was in the employ of a wealthy Scotchman, a large landowner, until his death, which occurred the year after their arrival in this country. His widow, PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 409 a woman of remaikable energy anrl good judgment, remained in Gibson County until 1827, keepino; her little family together, and emigrating with them to Illinois, making a settlement in this county. She purchased a tract of tiinber lar.d in what is now Woodland Township, making it her home for some 3'ears, but dying at the residence of a daugh- ter in Astoria. Her family includeil the following children: .lane, Peter, Mary, Roliert, .Tohn and William. 'i^he second member of this family was born in Perthshire, Scotland, was reared to agricultural pursuits, and early in life took up his share of the labor in which his father was engaged. He was sixteen years old when the family removed to America, and after their settlement in Indiana he remained there until 1824. He then came to Ful- ton County, 111., and although not yet of age, en- tered heait and sonl into the pioneer labor which has resulted in making of this section one of the garden spots of the Mississippi Valley. He soon bought a tract of timber land three miles northeast of the present site of Astoria, where at that time there was not a building. The boundary of the county was practically unlimited, iucluding the ter- ritory from here to Lake Michigan, and from the Illinois to the Mississippi River. The section in which he located was sparsely settled, game was abund.ant, and, although too industrious to spend much time hunting, he was fond of the sport, and kept bistable well supplied with venison and other meats. A log cabin was built by Peter McLaren, which after a few years was replaced by a frame structure, the lumber for which was sawed by hand, or whip- sawed. This was done by building a scaffold upon which a squared log was placed, and one man standing on ^ the scaffold and one underneath operated the saw. Mr. McLaren was a resident of th.e farm, with the exception of a few years in town, until liis death, January 31, 1888, at the ripe age of eighty years. For many years he was aided in his labors to advance bis fortunes and properly rear his family b^' a worthy woman who w,as known in her maidenhood as Miss Lucinda Saffer. She was a native of the Hoosier State, daughter of John W. Saffer, who became a resident of this county about 1830. Her father was num- bered among the pioneers of AVoodland Township, where he purchased a tract of land upon which a small clearing had been made and a log cabin built, which property he made his home until death. He was drowned in the Ohio river while on his way to visit his native State. Our subject is one in a fam- ily of thirteen children, of whom those reared to maturity are himself. Mary E., John W., Edward O., Charles A., Sarah J., Fanny E., Ellen and Pittinger. The wife of our subject bore the maiden name of Amanda Lane, and became Mrs. McLaren April IC, 1857. She is a daughter of Isaac and Mary (Jones) Lane, pioneers of Schuyler County, to which they came from Kentucky, where the daugh- ter was born. She is a member of the Christian Church, and while making the care of her home and fainilj' her first object, yet finds time for many neighborlj' deeds of kindness and the pleasures of social life. She has borne her husband three children, of whom one, Walter, died in infancy. The two remaining are Clement L. and Harry E. LIYER J. PETTYJOHN. The result of energy and perseverance are nowhere better illustrated than in the career of Mr. Petty- john, who began life with onl}^ a natural ability with which nature had endowed him and is at the present time a well known and highly respected citi- zen of Farmington. As census enumerator and a veterinary surgeon, our subject is well known throughout the community and has an extensive and lucrative practice. Mr. Pettyjohn was born near Tremont, 111. His father James S. Pettyjohn was also a veterinary surgeon, and won a considerable reputation for skill. He was born in Browning County, Ohio. The grandfather, James Pettyjohn, had in his time fol- lowetl the same profession and owned a large estate in Ohio. The mother of our sketch was previous to her marriage Miss Mary Ann Quinn, daughter of Elijah Quinn, and he, too, had followed the pro- fession of a veterinary surgeon. Our subject's father moved to Illinois and died 410 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALP.rM. in tliis State from the efifects of a kick received from a horse when Oliver was quite young, and the mother was married the second time, and has~one child by this union — Katie. Our subject's parents had four children, viz: Oliver James. Luella, Alice and William. Luella is now the wife of Josepli Haueock, a prosperous young farmer and stock- dealer atGroveland, and Alice is the wife of Smith Hancock, and lives near Groveland. William is a drug clerk in Kansas Cit5\ The subject of our sketch received his education in the public schools of his native place. Much of his childhood was passed on the farm, and at an early age he evinced a great fondness for horses, cattle and sheep, and naturallj^ took up the profes- sion followed by his father. Being the oldest chikl he was called upon after death had claimed the father, to assume heavy responsibilite,s. Mr. Pettyjohn entered the Illinois Academ3- at Jacksonville, and took an academic course in same, graduating with honors in 1871. Immediately after he commenced farming for himself, in the mean- time studying the profession he has followed through life, and having read extensively on the subject of horses and the best methods for handling them. He heard lectures from Dr. York, and others of equal prominence, and has thus thor- oughl3- prepared himself for successful treatment of horses. The subject of our sketch was married when twenty-eight years of age to Miss Nancy M. Todd, daughter of James and Anna M. (Espy) Todd. She was born in the State of Ohio, near Springfield, and came with her parents to Illinois when only a young girl, and received her education in the Hicrh School of Morton, and such was her advancement that after completing her course she wa.s emiilo3-ed as teacher in the Grammar Department of that school. She is a hij^hly intellectual lad3^, and pos- sesses great social tact and gentleness of manner. To Mr. and Mrs. Pettyjohn were born three chil- dren, viz: William, Don Q. and Charles. They sold their farm, and settled in Farmington in 18S1. con- tinuing to make this their home up to the present date. The3- are faithful members of the ConTe- gational Church. Mr. Pettyjohn takes great inter- est in politics and is at all times a strong supporter of the Republican partv. He sustains a most envia- ble reputation for strict integrity and firmness of purpose, ami in following his chosen profession not onl3' gains a handsome income, but the goodwill of the community- at large. h: B. FARNSWORTH. This well-known .-fiid respected citizen of Canton is numbered among her retired business men. having formerh- been the proprietor of a fiourishing div- goods and carpet house. He was engaged almost conlinubusl3" in mercantile pursuits from 1855 to the period when he retired from business to enjo3- the manv' comforts and luxuries with which his means enable him to surround himself, and to take up the pursuits adapted to the leisure of an intelli- gent man. He is a native of Jefferson C'ouut3'. Va., where his e\-es opened to the light August 30, 1835. Februar3- 3, 1879, the interesting ceremon3- took place which transformed Miss Matilda S. B3'bee into Mrs. L. B. Farnsworth. This lads- presides with pleasing dignit3- and grace over the home whose tasteful elegance is indicative of the refine- ment of the occupants. Like her husband she is highl3' regarded by those who know her. Mr. Farnsworth is liberal in his political and religious opinions, h,as never held an olBce nor been an aspi- rant for i)ublic honors, being always content to act the part of an humble citizen, and faithfull3- dis- discharge his duties (is such. We invite tlie attention of our numerous readers to a view of the elegant residence of Mr. Farns- Worth, with its lawn and other pleasant surround- ings. S^^'- ENRY MERSHOX. This name will be at |; once recognized as that of a leading busi- ness man of Fulton Count3-, who is proba- bl3' better known than an3^ other bank^ or merchant within its bounds. The dr3- -goods estab- lishment over which he presides is large, well-fitted. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 413 and supplied with a complete line of carefully chosen goods suited to the growing needs of tlic people of the section over which his trade extends, unsurpassed in qualitj' and reasonable in price. 'J'lic proprietor is following worthilj' in the foot- stops of Ih's respected father, who for nearly- half a centurj' was one of the most i)rominent business men in the count}-. Mr. Mershon was born in the village where he now resides, Vermont, September 5, 1843, received his early education in the village schools and fur- ther advanced his knovvledge by attendtuice at Lombard Universitj', Galesburg. He began his mercantile experience as a clerk in his father's store and at the age of twenty-one established a general store in Bushnell. After carr3'ing it on two years he sold out, returned to his l)03'hood's home and became a partner with his father, the connection between the two continuing until the death of the parent. In 1880 the firm established a dry-goods house in Denver with our subject in charge. Three years were spent by him in that great western mart after which he was engaged in business in Chicago for about a twelvemonth. "We next find him es- talilished in Peoria for a period of three years, then, on account of iiis father's failing health, returning to \'crmont to take charge of the business which has become one of the landmarks of this section of the State. January 17, 1877. an interesting event tran- spired, it being no less than the marriage of Mr. Mershon to Ella, daughter of James and Caroline Stevens. Mrs. Mershon was born in Vermont, this countj', and is ■well known in the best social circles for her dignity and pleasing manners. Mr. Mer- shon has always given his vote and influence to the Republican party. His personal character is one of such integrity and his capacity for financial affairs so decided that he has won a high place in the esteem of his fellow- citizens and has become known to an extended circle of social and business acquaintances. The subject of this sketch is one of a genealogical tree which has extended its branches into many of the States of the Union since the first representa- tive of the name In America came hither from France during the last decade of the seventeenth century. This gentleman located on Long Island and leaving liis son there started to return to his native land. He was never again heard from, but from his son sprang the family which, exteniling into New York, New Jerse}' and Pennsylvania, is n(;w represented in many parts of the Union. Joab Mershon, the father of our subject, was born in Chester County, Pa., January 26, 1812, and liav- ing in boyhood been fairly well drilled in the nuli- mentary branches of knowledge subsequently enlarged his store b}' personal efforts. He learned the trade of a shoemaker, following it in Philadel- phia, Pittsburg and St. Louis for a few years. lU-iiealth led Mr. Mershon to abandon his trade and become a drover. He bought cattle in Mary- land and drove them to his native State, finding the out-of-door life beneficial to his iiealth and suffi- cientl}' remunerative to satisfy him for a time. He finallj' determined to see something of the countr}'', paying his way by his trade, 'and at length landed in Louisville, Ky., with but $2.50 in his pocket. Repairing to the Gault House he registered with all the assurance of a millionaire and after dining started out in search of a job. In a short time he was at work but ere long started on his travels again. In 1838 we find him in this county, his capital on landing here being his clothes and fifty cents in money, togetlier with the natural abilities Vv-hich his after career proved to be 1^3' no means limited. Vermont was scarcel3' more than a hamlet at that time, having but one shoemaker whom Mr. Mershon bought out a short time after his arrival. Between two and three years later he became a general merchant and in mercantile pursuits was interested until the day of his death. Mr. Jlershon was one of those men whose energy and talents will allow of their engaging in various branches of business with success. For many years he was a pork packer, during some seasons putting up as high as three thousand hogs. He also dealt largel}' in wheat and for some 3'ears was engaged in the manufacture of flour. In 1809, in connection with C. B. Cox, Jr., he started a private bank and after the death of his partner continued the institu- tion under the firm name of J. Mersiion & Co. This banking establishment became a popular in- stitution and has had an excepiionall3' prosperous 41 1 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. careoi-, no financial panic having ever shaken its firmness in Ihe least. Farming, cattle raising and cattle feeding also proved a source of prosperity to Mr. Merslion, who, after giving his cliildren con- siilerable land, held nine hundred acres in his own name durijig the later years of his lif'5. ^Ir. Mershou was a very liberal-minded man, supporting all worthy enterprises, among them the various religious denominations, although he was not a member of any. He dealt fairly with every- one, lived a life of the strictest integrity, and gained not onlj' the respect, but the high esteem of a verj' wide circle of acquaintances. ?Iis remarka- ble success in worldly affairs had no doubt for its corner stone the economical habits with which he began his life. Prudence, judicious man.*o.- ^^^HOMAS COOPER, of the firm of Cooper & McMahon, ranks exceedingly high inthe busi- ness circlesof Canton, Fulton County, 111., and in company with his partner, James T. McMahon, is conducting a thriving livorybusiness in that place. He was born in Brig, Lincolnshire, England, on the 7th of March, 1849, his parents being Thomas and Emma (Oglesby) Cooper, bath of whom were Eng- lish by birth and education and had always resided in that country. The father died while Thomas was still an infant, and the mother married George Jackson, after which event tiie family emigrated to the United States, while the subject of this sketch was in his sixth year. The mother died in Canton. To his parents were born four children, two of whom died in infancy. The others are, William, who resides in St. Louis, Mo., and our subject. Mr. Cooper spent the days of his childhood in Fulton County, and received a good education in the schools of Canton. He engaged in various oc- cupations until the month of September, 1880, at which time he formed the partnershi]) above men- tioned. Mr. Coopertnarried Miss Maggie A. Turner in July, 1884. She is a native of Fulton County and a daughter of Horace and Mary E. Turner. To them has been born one child, Horace T., whose birth occurred October 28, 1889. He is a member of the Masonic order, and a gentleman who is highly respected both in business and social circles for his pleasing manners, strict integrity and generosity. The firm of which he is a partner is one of the oldest and best known in the countj', both because of the fine horses and conveyances which are always kept on hand, and because of the popularity of the proprietors. vIESSET. SWITZFR is a br I awake young farmer and / 1^^ bright and wide- young larmer and stock-raiser of Canton, and has a promising future before him. He and his brother C. W. operate two farms in partnership, one in Canton Township, and the other in Farmijigton Township. Our subject is the j^oungest son of Jesse Switzer, one of Fulton County's oldest living pioneers, and is a fine tj'pe of the young men who within recent years have come forward to aid their fathers in the great work so well begun in the early days by the sturdy, hardy, self-sacrificing early settlers of this region in their eflforts to develop its rich agricultural re- sources. The parents of our subject settled at Blackjack, Canton Township, about 1833, and were among its first pioneer settlers. For further parental history see sketch of J. Switzer. He of whom we write PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 425 was the youngest child of the family and was born in Canton Township, December 28, 1858. Me was well trained by his father and mother, and was given the advantages of a sound education, begun in the schools of Farmington, to which his parents removed when he was five years old, and com- l)leted by a flue course of study in tlie Canton Iligli School. He was thus well equipped for tlie battle of life, and when it became time fur him to decide wiiat vocation to pursue, he selected that calling which Horace Greeley called "the noblest of professions," and has become a practical, skillful farmer. The farm on which he lias his home cora|)rises one hun- dred and thirty acres of highly productive soil, whose well- tilled fields yield abundant harvests and a desirable income. The buildings upon it are of a neat and substantial appearance, and ever5'tliing about the place indicates careful attention and well-directed labor. The stock that our subject and liis brother raise is of a good grade, and they can alwaj's find a good market for it. Mr. Swilzer is not without the active co-operation afforded by a lielpful, capable wife, whom he ob- tained in the person of Miss Lena Miller, to whom lie was wedded December 22, 188.5. She is a daughter of the late D. C. Miller, formerly of Farmington. Mr. Switzer is a j'oung man of fine physique and presence and of good mental endowments. He is one of the progressive young men of the county, ami is a factor in its material advancement. In politics he is with the Republican party and gives it stanch su|)|)ort. He is a member of the School Board of his district, and is zealous in promoting educational matters. •c<- /OSEPH ZWISLER. The old adage that pr.actice makes perfect, is fully verified in the case of Mr. Zwisler, who for a period of years running b:ick to 1852, has been stead- ily engaged as a carpenter and contractor in differ- ent places, and is at the present writing one of the leading men in his trade at Canton. He gives special attention to dwelling houses, and has built some of the handsomest residences in that city. Our subject was ushered into the drama of life in Bavaria, Germany, on the 1st of March, 1834, being the son of Joseph Anton and Mary Ann (Miltenberger) Zwisler, who was a turner by trade and who lived and died in the Fatherland. Our subject's mother died in the old home in 1870, having attained lier seventy-second year; the father being about eighty-four years old at the time of his death in 1870. To them were born five children, all of whom are now living, viz: Franz, a farmer in Germany; Theodore, a stone- mason in tlie old country; Jose[)h ; Amelia, wife of Valentine Zeller, living in Germany; Angeline, cigar manufacturer in Da3't()n, Ohio. Mr. Zwisler was educated entirely in Germany, and upon changing the old home for one in the United States, settled first in Dayton, Ohio, where his uncle, Joseph Zwisler, kept an hotel. After re- maining with this kinsman for a short time, our subject commenced to work as a carpenter in Mi- amisburg, near Dayton, and lived there two years, during wliich time he managed to get a good start at his trade. Coming west he worked for a long time for the Ohio & Mississippi Railroad, and af- terward went to Terre Haute, Ind. But when four months had elapsed, Mr. Zwisler came to the State of Illinois, remaining in Springfield a few montiis, going to Sweetwater at a later date, and locating in Canton on the 8th of August, 1857. During his long residence here, he has won numerous friends, and the esteem of the entire community. Every- where and among men of every class and nation tru3 merit will find speedy recognition, and a wor^ thy industrious man provided of course he pos- sesses agreeable manners, cannot fail to meet with a eor' found by a lady who happened to be passing through the forest and brought home to her parents before they had become alarmed at her absence. The life of our subject has not been devoid of misfortune although his worldly success has been quite satisfactory. During the 'GOs, while en- gaged in the stock business, he was traveling on the "Q" when an accident occurred. The tram in the caboose of which he was seated, was not flagged, and was run into by a heavy train during the night, the engine passing through three full lengths of cars. !Mr. Abernathy was knocked insensible and upon coming to found his left arm cut about the wrist, permanently crippling him. although it was not found necessary to amputate his hand. He received damages from the company to the amount of 8^2,500. The lady whom Mr. Abernathy won as his com- panion and helpmate was formerly known as Kattie Ann Harris. She is a daughter of Isaac and Jane (Swearingen) Harris, the former of whom was the first settler of Vermont, this county. wherein he built the first three houses. He was a native of Pennsyl- vania, while the Swearingens came from the neigh- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 427 liorliood of "Wheeling, Va. This family was of RevolLitionaiT stoek. Great-grandfathei- Swearin- gen and his wife were riding on a liorse toward their home when they were fired upon from tlie brush by Indians. The wife fell to the ground mortally wounded, while the husband, himself seriously hurt, rode on to the fort clinging to the horse, barely es- caping with his life. A squad immediately set out finding the wounded lady, who had been scalped but wf>s not yet lifeless, being able to speak a few times before she breathed her last. The marriage of Mr. Aberuathy and Miss Harris was celebrated August 9, 18.51, and has been blest to them b}' the birth of five sons and one duughter. The first-born, James, a farmer of Jefferson County, Neb., has been recently married. John Benton, in 1874, whsn seventeen j"ears old left the harvest field one day and went awaj-, since which time he h.as traveled quite extensively, visiting nearly every State in the I'uion. lie has repeatedly written to ills parents, telling them that he would be at home some time, but still continues his journeyings. Dur- ing his school days he was extremely studious and apt in acquiring knowledge. William, a young man of good education, is now with his aunt on the home place. Ezra lives in Table Grove, being married and having two sons, the elder now four j'ears old. Hannah Jane and George Bennett, a young lad}- and gentleman of promise, are yet with their parents. Mr. Abernath}' has served as Assessor and Com- missioner of Ilighwajs many terms, following in the footsteps of his fatlier as a capable Township officer. The family is a Democratic one with pro- hibition principles, and religiously identified with the Christian Church. itj^ IRAM HUNT. There is something about |lf jjl the experience of a pioneer in any new JW^ country vastly interesting, but at the same (^i) time it is undoubtedly fraught with many hardships and privations. To see on ever}' side a long, unbroken stretch of land covered with heavy timber, or a carpet of wild grass, is not a charm- ing sight when one must perforce dwell in the midst of such a wilderness. But there is but little doubt about the fact that such a scene develops all one's energies, inspiring one witli undaunted courage in clearing up the land and cultivating it. Such was the experience of Hiram Hunt, who W'as numbered among the first pioneers of Pleasant Township, and has been largel}' instrumental in bringing about its (present i)rosperity. and making it truly a pleasant dwelling-place. Our subject was born in Orleans Count}, N. Y., on the 10th of February, 1818, being the son of Joseph L. and Lydia (Davenport) Hunt, natives of New York. His paternal ancestors were Irish by birth and education, and his maternal fore- fathers were Scotchmen. When about twelve years of age he removed with his parents to Ashtabula County, Ohio, where he continued to reside until 1S34, receiving in the meantime a good education. At the expiration of that time he came alone to Fulton County, continuing to make this his home up to the present writing. His education being re- ceived in the subscri|)tion schools of New York and Ohio was naturally limited, owing to the fact that schools in those days had not reached their present perfection, but he has always been fond of reading, and has const quently kept himself thor- oughly posted upon the topics of the day. Mr. Hunt commenced agricultural pursuits at an early age and has met with marked success in that line. Upon first coming to this State, he worked out by the month, receiving only *!12 or 814 per month in compensation for his services. He next ran a threshing-machine, one of the old style, known as •'ground thresher," his being the first one in Ber- nadotte Township. At first he bought one hundred and sixty acres of land in Farmers Townshii), and improved the property very much. The subject of this sketch enlisted in the late war in the year 1861 — the month of August — joining Company F, Eighty- fourth Illinois In- fantry, becoming thus a part of the Army of the Cumberland. He served under Rosencranz, Thomas, Grant and Ahliman, and look part in the battles of Missionary Ridge, Lookout Mountain, Chatta- nooga, Chickaraauga, and numerous others of minor importance. He w,as honorably discharged in 1865, 428 PORTRAIT AisD BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. and immediately- lelurned to Fulton County, and purchased the estate upon which he now lives. The land at that time was all bush and timber, and he labored hard to get it under a sj-stem of cultiva- tion. Mr. llnnt, in 1838, married Miss Mary A. Wal- ters, and to their union were born seven children, six of w^hom are now living, viz: Jane, wife of Michael Xunnamaker, of Warren County; Daniel, in Nemaha County, Kan.; Mary, wife of Joseph Livingston, of Lewislown, 111.; Sarah, wife of James Cirewell, of Bernadotte Township; Annetta, wife of Melvin Johnson, of Bernadotte Township; and Catherine, wife of Charles Mathews, of Pleas- ant Township. His first wife djing in December, 1861, our subject in 1865 married 3Iiss Catharine Mackej-, a native of Ireland, and to them have been born four children, viz: Alice S., Charles E., Hiram D. and George. The subject of this sketch has been an eje-wit- ness of the rapid strides progress has taken in this count}- and township, and has won a host of friends by his interest in public matters and his willingness to assist in the advancement of all worthy causes. He served at one time as Constable, and again as Coroner of the couutj'. He is now the owner of two hundred acres of valuable land. He is a, mem- ber of the Democratic part}-, a most lilieral-minded and public-spirited gentleman, and one held in the highest esteem by the entire community. E^ 1 ^ OHN A. WALTERS. Esq., has been for many years prominently identified with the agricultural interests of this county, and (^/' until recently was the proprietor of a finely- improved farm on section 20, Cass Township. This farm, for which he paid *1,650 was supplied with subslanliiil improvements, including neat and com- modious buildings, and was in every respect well- improved and well-managed. Mr. AValters is numbered among the influential citizens of Smith- field, and here and in other towns where he has dwelt he has borne a conspicuous part in the nian- ngement of public affairs, holding mnny important offices, and this community values hira as one of its best members, whether as a civic officer, or in his private capacity. Mr. Walters was born March 27. 1825. amid the beautiful scenes of Shenandoah Valley, Rocking- ham County, Va. His father, Thomas V. Walters, was also a native of the Old Dominion. The fam- ily was an old Virginian famil}- which had its origin in Germany. The first to come to this country arrived about the time of the Revolution, and served in a Virginian regiment during that struggle. The mother of our subject was Polly AVoods, and her family came from Wales to this country, and located in Virginia. The parents of our subject were married in Vir- ginia, and there made tlieir home until after the mother's death. The father then bound out his children, and went to Kentucky, where he stayed a short time. His next move was to the pioneer set- tlements of Illinois in 1836. He located at Center- ville, now Cuba, where he established himself in the mercantile business. He afterward bought some land in Cass Township, and opened up a farm there. Ins death occurring at an advanced age, March 12. 1871. He had married a second time in Kentucky, but his wife is now deceased. Four of the ten chil- dren born to him of his first marriage, grew to ma- turity. Two of the four children of his second marriage are now living. John Walters was bound out at ten years of age to a farmer, and staid with him until he was seven- teen years of .age. He suffered much from the hard treatment that he received at the hands of his cruel master, and he and his twin brother Paruienas A. were so abused that they finally took courage to run away, and left their places "between two days," starting out on fool for Illinois. They had to hide in the day-time in the mountains, to avoid pursuit, and only traveled at night. They finally made their way to their father at Cuba, and our subject was sent to school, and in the spring went to work for a farmer near Waterford. We next hear of him in Wisconsin, where he was employed in breaking prairie, and digging for minerals. In the fall of 1848 he returned to Virginia on a visit. and staid there eighteen months. When he came back to Cuba, he brought his sister with him. The PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 429 ensiling j-ear he was engaged in working around. .Mr. Walters w.ts married in 1851, to Esther Wil- son, a daughter of William and Esther (Rumsey) Wilson, natives respectively of Ireland and Phila- delphia. Her father was a sailor for seven years, and came to Illinois in 1830 with his family, and was one of the early pioneers of Bernadotte Town- ship. Both he and his wife are now dead. Mrs. Walters was boni in March, 1831. She died in 1856, and both the children born of her marriage are now deceased. Mr. Walter's second marriage which was consummated November 3, 1859, was vviih Mary Carpenter. .She was born February 2, 1840, in Fayette County, Ohio, and received her education in tlie district schools. Her parents were George and Mary (Graham) Carpenter, natives re- spectively of Virginia and JIaryland. .\fter their marriage they lived in Ohio fifteen years, then in Indiana seven years, and from there removed back to Ohio, and lived there nine years and then came to Fulton County, III. Their marriage had been solemnized in Fayette County, Ohio, and it was the year 1 85G when they settled in McDonough County, this Slate. They afterward lived nine years in Cass Township, and then bought a farm between Cuba and Smithfield. He died June 20, 1874, and she April 20, 1882. The following five nf their nine children are still living: William, who lives in Cuba; Elizabeth, the wife of Robert Quillan; Fannie, wife of George Maguire, of Cuba, Mrs. Walters, and Al- bert O., of Smithfield. After his (irst marriage, our subject settled on a farm on section 13, Cass Township, vvliere J. M. Herbert now resides. He remained there but a sliort time, however, and when his twin brother went to California, they divided up the property, and our subject sold out his share and bought a place on section 24, Bernadotte Township. He soon disposed of that place, and purchased an eighty-acre farm in Bureau County. Later he came back to this county and invested in eighty acres of land on section 25, Cass Township, and then suld his Bureau County property to Alexander Hull. After six months residence in Cass Town- ship, he sold out there to William Wilson, and again bought two hundred acres on section is, and re- moved to that place. After the death of his wife lie took up his residence in Cuba, and was engagei man of nnicli intelligence, honorable anceslrj-, and Clirislian character. Mr. Hardin was born in Raleigh, N. C, March 23, 1816, and in his native place si)ent his days un- til seventeen years old. He attended school until he was ten years old, tiioi: entered a general mer- chandise store in which he worked off and on for six years. After he liad entered liis teens as before noted, he left home and went to Warren County, Tenn., where he engaged in tlie cattle business with a brother. After eight j ears spent in that business he became fireman on a steamboat and was pro- moted from time to time until he reached tlie re- sponsible position of master. For ten years he held sucli a position, liaving charge of various boats during tlie time. Mr. Hardin came lo this count3- in the fall of 1 MIS. lented land for three years and worked at odd jobs during the first decade of his residence. His first purch.asc of land was ten acres on section 12. Waterfonl Townsliip, in the fall of 1851. He soou afterward bouglit tlic adjoining tiiirty acres, built a shanty and lived thereon for a considerable time. Frfmi time to time he has added to his landed estate until he now possesses three hundred and seven broad acres, the greater part of whicii is under cultivation, lying nearly in a body. He has divided his attention between the cultivation of the fruits of the earth and the raising of stock. In his agricultural pursuits, as in the other occupations which he has pursued, he has ever shown a disposi- tion to improve his opportunities by means of un- flagging industry and persistence. The pleasant home of Mr. Hardin is presided over by one wlio became his wife October 20, 184G. Prior to that time this lady h.ad been known as Sarali Ann Hamilton. She vi^as born in Shelby Countv, this State, June 6. 1832, to John J. and Susannah (Little) Hamilton. Her father is a na- tive of Kentucky, was an earl}' settler in Shelby Couutv, this State, and now lives in Hood County, Tex., at the age of eighty-four years. Mrs. Hamil- ton was also born in tlie Blue Grass State. Mrs. Hardin is one in a family of eleven children, eight of whom grew to maturity. Two were killeil by tlie Indians in Texas. •' Our subject and his good wife have had twelve children, viz: John J., Benjamin P., and Saman- tha deceaf ed ; Spicey, now Mrs. Ames; Jonas Kenrj', William P., Mrs. Emily Hadsell, and Isaac, deceased; James W.; George O. Both parents have been members of the churcli for fort}' j'oars, Mr. Hardin being identified with the Churcli of Christ and Mrs. Hardin with the Baptist Church. The worth of Mr. Hardin has been recognized by his fellow-citizens in the bestowal upon him of various offices, among them being those of Con- Stable and Justice of the Peace. His wife is equally esteemed by all who know the usefulness of her life and the nobility of her character. The original member of the Hardin family in America was Solomon, a native of Wales, who was one of the early settlers in '\'irginia. In that Colony his son Benjamin was born and reared, tiie occupation of his childhood being to herd cattle. He would tie himself up in a tree while herding and frequently spend the night in that position. During the Revolutionary War the British stole man}- of the animals. A portion of the Colonial Army, led by Gen. Washington, passed the Hardin plantation one day and the Commander-in-Chief called at the house and bought a large herd for their consump- tion. Benjamin Hardin was present at the inter- view and was so much impressed by Gen. AVashing- ton's appearance, that, although but sixteen years of age, he decided to follow that leader. A few days later he shouldered an old flint-lock musket and started on the trail of the army, reaching it after man}- trying experiences. He .served until the close of the war, when he returned to his native State and settled down to farming. At one time he owned a large amount of land upon jchicli he pur- sued farming and stock-raising quite extensively for that day. He lived to the age of eighty- two years, breathing his last in Tennessee. Our subject has very distinct recollections of him and his tales of the Revolution. The next in the line of descent was Richard M. Hardin, a son of the Revolutionary soldier, who was born and reared on a farm in Virginia. After growing to maturity he went to Raleigh, N. C, and secured a position as cabin boy on a vessel that sailed to ports in England, China and West India. He followed a seafaring life many years, working PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 437 up from his first position to that of master of the ship. He finally besarae a ship owner but after a considerable lapse of time, sold this vessel and re- tired to a farm in Anson County. N. C. The re- mainder of his life was spent on the farm and at Raleigh, his demise takina; place in the city at the age of seventy years. The wife of this s;;entleman was Spicey A. Lafo, who was born in France antt so far as is known came to America vvith her parents in childhood. To Mr. and Mrs. Richard Hardin six children were born of whom the following grew to maturity: James G., John S., Lucinda, William H. and Wilson P. ' ASPKR N. WOLF. It is not necessary for a visitor to the rural districts to under- stand agriculture in order that he may know which are the good farmers of the section. The sight of tumbled down fences, weedy fence corners, machinerj' exposed to wind and weather, and inaderpiate shelter for stock and crops is sulH- cient to stami) the proprietor of a farm as one lack- ing in enterprise and judgment. Well-built farm structures, neat fences and fields where useful grain has the up|)er hand of the weeds, are equally con- clusive proof of the skill and energy of him under whose management this state of things obtains. Tlic suliject of this notice is numbered among the enterprising farmers of Orion Township, his tine farm comprising one hundred and sixty acres on section 18. The greater [lartof his attention is given to raising horses. Hct is a representative of one of the oldest families of the township, being a son of Thomas .S. and .Johanna (Coleman) Wolf. The jjarental family comprised eight daughters and six sons, of wliom four daughters and four sons are yet living. Of these Elizabeth married Seth Barnes; Jacob C. married Helen Rowe; and tSarah married Henry Motsinger, all of whom resiile in Canton Township, this county. Johanna became tin; wife of William Hurley' and is living in Nebraska; Jeremiah 1'., married Emma Wise, their home l)eing in Canton; William W. married Hester E. Kelly and lives in the same town; Emma E. is the wife of Amos Ilemenover, their home being near Bloom- ington. The subject of this notice was born in this town- ship March 22, 1850, and received all the advan- tages which his worthy [larents could bestow upon liim in the way of homo training ami influence, and educational privileges. On July 3, 1873, he was united in marriage with Susan O. Wolfe, a native of Illinois, who has made of his abiding-place a true home and who has many friends in the communit}-. Mr. and Mrs. Wolf have five children, namely: Zulema born July 23, 187C; Lola C, April 7, 1878; Ralph M., November 20, 1880; Orrel E., Decem- ber 31, 1882; and Alfred Truman, March 10, 1885. Among the Democrats of Orion Township, Mr. Wolf occupies a prominent position as a worker in behalf of the p'-inciples in which he believes. He has been Road Overseer eight years and School Di- rector nine years, in eiich capacity winning laurels as an efficient public servant. He is a reliable citizen, an intelligent man and one whose life wins respect from those about him. (^^)HORNTON II. FLEMING, M. I). How often is it the case that men of superior mental ability are the victims of physical suffering. Almost it would seem that each life nuist have some cross to bear through the earthl}' pilgrim- age, and the subject of our sketch is no exception to the general rule, being a great sufferer from rheumatism. Through the whole of his active career. Dr. Fleming was forced to endure the pangs of this disease, and at different times has been com- pelled to use crutches. Our subject belongs to an old and aristocratic famil)' of Virginia, the Flemings through several generations having come from that State, and being at all times prominent in public and social affairs. The Doctor's birth occurred near Richmond, Vir- ginia, on the ninth day of September, 1810, his parents being Thornton and Sarah (Collagen) Flem- ing, natives of the sam^State. Dr. Fleming's grandfather— Samuel Fleming — 438 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. was a Colonel in the English armj-, but resigning lliat position came witli his family to the United Stales, settling in tiial grand old State that has con- tributed so many noble sons to the country, and the home of so many cultured families. Three of his sons, Samuel Jr., Robert, and Thomas, enlisted in the American army during the Revolutionary "War, and lost tiieir lives while doing service; the youngest son (our subject's father) being a young collegiate student at that time. Samuel Fleming was killed b_y one of his slaves. Our subject's father receive Ian excellent educa- tion, and entered the Methodist Episcopal ministry. He was twice married, and by his first marriage imd only one daughter. The second marriage was with our subject's motlier, and to them were born four children ; viz., Grace Ann ; Thornton H ; LeRoy C. and Sarah J., of whom Dr. Fleming is the only one living at the present writing. During the later years of his life the father moved to Pennsyl- vania, and in tliat State botii he and his wife died. Tims our subject spent part of liis youth in the old southern home, and part in the northern one, and in this way gained a i^nowledge of the manners and customs of each. He attended school in Penns3-1- vania until sixteen years old, and then entered Madison College, LTniontown. the same State, and gr.aduated from this college in the 3ear 1824. It was here that our subject, when a boy, knew James G. Blaine quite well. After completing his education. Dr. Fleming took up the stuily of medicine under the instruc- tions of James C. Fowler. M. 1)., and in 1838 was graduated from tlie Medical College at Cincinnati, Ohio. He entered into a partnership with his old perceptor. Dr. John B. Pithian, at Uniontown, Pennsylvania, practising there until 1846, at which time he came West, locating at Waterloo, Illinois. In 1848 our subject moved to Liverpool but finally, in 1853, made a permanent location in Canton. At present he does no active work, onl\- attending old friends, and a number of poor people, who except for his kindness would suffer. Dr. Fleming has been twice married, both times in Pennsylvania. First to Miss Hannah Bentley, in June 1834. She was a. daughter of Schesch Bozzor Bentley and died one year after her marri.agc In 1846 our subject married Miss Mary A. Xutt, daughter of Samuel and Ruhamah (Sisley) Kutt. She died in Canton in 1878, leaving one son — LeRoj' C. This son married Miss Pliene Piernie in 1873, of which'union has beenUborn one child; Harry Purdy. LeRoy C. Fleming is a prosperous farmer in this i ounty. The subject of our sketch does not belong to anj- secret societies, or church, having rather original ideas upon these subjects. He is a man who has done an immense amount of good for poor people who needed medical treatment and were unable to pay for same; and while this generosity has pre- vented him from accumulating a large fortune, though he has a competence for old age — the Doc- tor is liappj- in the consciousness of having per- formed his duty in the strictest wa}-. He was especially kind to the soldiers' families during the war. Dr. Fleming, in 1861, was appointed Army Sur- geon for the One Hundred and Third Illinois Regiment, but after resching Mississippi, was forced by a severe attack of rheumatism to return home. He is still a great sufferer from this disease, but surrounded by a host of loving friends and admir- ing neighbors,; he passes the'years comfortably and happily. In politics the Doctor is a stanch Re- publican. CHARLES W. SWITZER takes a leading part in advancing the agricultural interests ^>/ of Farmington Township, where he li.as one hundred and forty acres of land on section 34, and eight}- acres on section 32. He and his brother Jesse J., carry on their operations in partnership, the latter occupying a farm in Canton Township. A rei)resenlative of the native-born citizens of this county, our suT)ject is a son of one of its earliest settlers, Jesse Switzer, Sr., who is still living in our raidst. The parents of Charles Switzer were natives of Maryland. The}' came to this county in an early day of its settlement and were among its most worthy pioneers. Tlie father is still living, having attained the advanced age of eightj'-two ^ears. He PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 439 was in his day as stout,'harcly and vigorous as any of his fellow pioneers, and did as mnch work in the development of the uoiici'lt'^'c of the county, as he was an indefatigable laborer and in dne course of time accumulated a comfortable'property. Tlie subject of this biographical notice was born on his father's old homestead in Canton Township, February 6, 1844. He has spent his entire life on a farm, receiving from his father good practical training in agriculture, and his mother carefully in- stilled into bis mind principles of right conduct in life. He was much indebted to her, as every boy is to a good, careful mother. Her maiden name was Rilla Worrell. Mr. Switzer has been very ranch pros])ered in his farming ventures, and is very successful, par- ticularly as a stock-feeder. His cattle are of good grades and bring good prices when sold, and he markets from fifty to sixty fine hogs eacli year. His buildings are ample and well-arranged, and he has a fine looking place under his management. Mr. Switzer was married January 18, 1881, to a very excellent lady. Miss Margaret Miller, a daugh- ter of D. D. and Mary H. (Robb) .^liller, the for- mer of whom died December 1, 1889. Mr. and Mrs. Switzer have established a home that is described .as being a jicrfeet paradise of good cheer and hos- |)itality. They are the parents of three children: Cliflford, Louis and Lysle. Our subject is a man of fine physique and good brain power. He is unpretentious in his manner, yet, withsl, is one of the most considerate and kindlj- of men, and is highly thought of by the en- tire community. In his political views he is de- cidedly a Republican. ARAH A. MANROSE derives both pleas uro and profit from the management of her estate, which is located on section 20, Lee Township, and bears a full line of excellent im|)rovements. Although quite advanced in years, Mrs. Manrose is in full possession of all her facul- ties, and manages her business affairs without aid. She is a clear lieaded woman, who asks no advice, but manifests so much'energy and good judgment in business matters, [together with'kindliness and general intelligence,]that she commands the respect and honor of all with wliom she comes in contact. The parents of our subject were ^Samuel and Betsey (Piatt) Robertson, who were born, reared and married in Fairfield County, Conn. Thej- lo- cated in Dutchess County, N. Y., about ISO'), re- mained there until 1827, and then took up their residence in Huron County, Ohio, where the hus- band died in 18!3. The widow came to this State and Ijreathcd her last here in 18o6. The worthy couple were the parents of two sons and two daugh- ters: I'latt, Burr. I'.etse}' and Sarah, the latter being the only one now living. It has been more than thirty-two years since Betsey passed away, and the brothers had preceded her to the tomb. Mrs. Manrose was boi'n in Dutchess County, N.Y., May 15, 1815. In her girlhood she was taught the arts which our foremothers found necessary and convenient, and for many years she made her own clothes from tlie raw material. She prepared the wool, spun it, wove it into cloth and then made the garments therefrom; she has never hired but one dress made in her life. She still has in her possession a beautiful shawl which she made from the raw wool many years ago. She also has a very fine linen towel which her grandmother made when she was eighty-two years old. In addition to these relics of the olden time, Mrs. Manrose has a set of cups and saucers that were used at her sister's wed- ding, sixty-four years ago. In Brunson, Ohio, in 1831. the lady of whom we write was united in marriage to Philander Man- rose, who was born in Cortland County, N. Y., in 1810. Mr. Manrose was a car[)cnter and followed his trade in Ohio until 1856, when he removed to this county and engaged in farming. An improved tract of one hundred acres was purchased and gen- eral farming carried on by Mr. Manrose until his death jn 1878. One of the strongest characteris- tics of that gentleman was his fondness for home and the pleasure he took in domestic life. He was very temperate in all things and was highlj' re- spected by all vvho knew him. When called from time to eternity his mortal remains were deposited in the Baptist cemetery. 440 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. To Mr. and Mrs. Manrose there came five sons :ui(l four ctaughters, named respectively: David, Lucy A., Burr, Betsey, Daniel, Charles, Caroline, Mary and Fitch. The youngest son now lives with his mother, carrying out her wishes in the cultivation of the farm; Betsey, Daniel and Caro- line are deceased. The descendants of Mrs. Man- rose number ninety — nine children, fortj'-nine grand- children and thirty-two great-gr.andchildren. They are scattered over the country as far "West as Washington. Mrs. Manrose is a believer in the doctrine of universal salvation and is identified with the Universalist Church at Avon. ^ ■if) AMES T. McMAHON. He whose name heads this sketch is one of the partners of the fl'-m of Cooper ife McMahon, of Canton, Fulton County, 111., and is a prosperous and wide-awake young business man. His tirth oc- curred in Joshua Township, this county and State, April 23, 18.50. He is the son of Michael and Elizabeth (McNamar) McMahon, the father being of Irish descent, and coming to America while still in his youth, the mother being a native of Fulton County and living at the present time on the old homestead. Their marriage took place here nearly fifty years ago, and the father died January 1 , 1 888 having attained his cightj'-fourth }'ear. To them were born eight children all of whom are living, viz: Mary, Sarah, (Dailey ) ; James T. ; Michael, who is a prosperous farmer in this county; John, a com- mercial traveler; Dennis, a farmer; and Lizzie. James spent his early youth on the farm attending the district school and engaged in farming until he formed a partnership with Thomas Cooper in the liver}" business at Canton, 111. They are equally interested in this business, are fast friends, and are meeting with marked success. In October, 1881, Mr. McMahon married Miss Pollen Rafferty, a resi- dent of this place, and daughter of Patrick Raflferty. This union has been blessed with two children, viz: Freddy, born in 1882; and AUie, born in 1886. Both Mv. and Mrs McMahon are faithful members of the Roman Catholic Church, and the former be- longs to the Ancient Order of United Workmen of this city. By their great and untiring interests in the social, business, and religious affairs of the community in which they reside, they have endeared themselves to their neighbors, and won numerous friends. The firm of Cooper & McMahon are do- ing a splendid business, being well supplied with good horses and conveyances, and having the pa-, tronage of the prominent i)eople throughout this county. "^ 1 ' : r D i g ; : ^^^EORGE H. KLINE, who is successfully op- III ^——j crating one hundred and seventy-nine acres ^^^ii of choice, well-tilled farming land, on sec- tions 30 and 31, Farmington Township, is a native- born citizen of this State, and though yet a young man in the prime and vigor of early manliood. he has already made a good place for himself among the prominent farmers of this community. Our subject is a son of Andrew H. Kline, who came to Illinois and became one of the well-to-do farmers of this county, making his home in Canton Township. His father also located in that town- ship. The father of our subject was married in Pennsylvania to a Miss ^lary Martin, of Franklin County, that State. He died on May 6, 1890, round- ing out a useful life of seventy years. He was a pjactical skillful farmer, and accumulated a hand- some competence and at the time of his death was quite an extensive landowner, having one hundred and seventy-nine acres in Farmington Township, two hundred and eighty-five in Canton, and one hundred and sixty acres in McDonough Count}-. His wife died on July G, 1886, at the age of sixty- five years. They were the parents of seven chil- dren, namely: Anna B., Amanda C, Susan I., John F., George H., and Alice I. Mary E. married Heniy Michael of Canton; she is the ouj}- child deceased. The subject of this biography was born August 10, 1862, in Marshall County, 111., where his parents were then living on a farm. They subsequently removed to Canton Township, and there he was reared. He received the basis of his education in the common schools, and then attended the busi- ness college in Canton where he pursued a good 'ua/j i//^ PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 44? course of stud}' that has been of benefit to him in his business transactions. He had a natural talent for agricultural pursuits, and early chose the nolile profession of^ a3farnier, as Horace Greele}' st3'led It. and is carrying on his labors with sound practi- cal ability and with a success that has amply justi- fied liis selection of a vocation. Mr. Kline was married on February 17, 1885, to Sliss Mary .See, daughter of Daniel and Hannaii (Coleman) .See, of Farmington Township. She is the third of a family' of four daughters. Her mother is now deceased. Onr subject and his wife have established one of the coziest and happiest homes in Farmington Townsliip, and their ])leasant household is completed by the presoi'ce of the child born to them October i, 1888, whom they have named \'erna Zoe. He of whom we write is a man of many pleasant social qualities, and of sterling habits and he is well- liked by the entire community. He possesses intelligent views on all subjects of general interest, particularly on political questions, and is an ardent supporter of the Democratic party. -i^{.- — E^- ATTIIIAS LINGENFELTER resi . ooo GEORGE LALICKER, who resides on section 3, Pleasant Township, is the oldest of the ^_,,, pioneers of this place that is living at the present time. His birth occurred in Clermont County, Ohio. April 7. 1821, he being the son of John and Elizabeth Lalicker. His fatlier was a na- tive of Gerinanj', and figured in the Revolution- ary War, dying when our subject was only two years of age. His mother breathed her last about four 3'ears later, and thus at a tender age he was left without his natural protectors. Mr. Lalicker spent part of the time with his sis ter, Mrs. Thomas France, hut while qui^e young, commenced to shift for himself, and in this way ac- quired excellent business habits, and great indus- try. In 1831. became with his sister to Fulton County, and here he received a moderately good education. The schools in a new country are al- ways poor, and in those days educational matters did not receive the same attention that they do at this date. Though what the world terms a self- educated man, he has acquired a gooill}' amount of information, and like so many that come under that class, has succeeded better than the average collegiate graduate. Our subject married Miss Rebecca Parvin, a na- tive of Ohio, and a daughter of Hosea and Eliza- beth (France) Parvin. natives of New York and Ohio respectively. Jlrs. Lalicker's birth occurred April 7, 182-1, in Clermont County, but in 1832 she removed with her parents to Fulton County, settling in the northern part of Pleasant Township. Her parents were among the first to locate here, and a few days after their arrival the mother died, and in 1884 the father passed away from the scene of earthly joys and sorrows. Her father was twice married, and had a large family of children, of which those now living are as follows: Rebecca, Mrs. Lalicker; William, Henry, Hosea, Jasper, George; Elizabeth, wife of Andrew Majdand; and James. Mr. and Mrs. Lalicker are the parents of nine cliildren, viz: Hily A., wife of Hamilton Bedwell, of ^Marshall Cfmnty, Kan; John and Mary deceased; William; Sarah J., wife of Andrew llarvick, of Pleasant Township; Susan, wife of William .Shago, of Marshall County, Kan. ; Amanda, wife of Josiah Crick, of Marshall County, Kan.; Eva, wife of Jo- seph Morgan, of Pleasant Township; and Mar}' (deceased.) Our subject and his wife naturall}' endured many hardships as pioneers of the county, and settled first on section 28. Four of Mrs. Lalicker's broth- ers served in the Civil War, taking part in tlie Con- federate arm)'. Mr. Lalicker removed to his pres- ent farm on the Ides of March, 1861, and has continued to reside here since. His estate com- prises two liundred and twenty-tive acres of valu- able farming land, two hundred of which are well cultivated. He is in s^'mpathy with the Demo- cratic party, and much interested in local politics, and everything that advances the community in which he makes his home. He is a member of the Christian Church, and is in fact, a man whose sketch will do honor to our volume, and piove interesting to the man\" friends who hold him in the highest possible esteem. 'J¥)OHN EFFLAND. This gentlem.an is the owner and occupant of a fine tract of land on section 31, Ellisville Township, which in its improvement and general appearance will compare favorably with any estate in the county. It consists of forty acres, occupying a beautiful situation a half mile from Ellisville. A PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 447 commodious house of pleasing arcliitectmal de- sign was built in 1882, and a fine barn erected the same season. Anotlicr was put up in 1890, liie second being 3"2x48 feet in dimensions. A fine orcliard lias been set out and otber iniproveinenls have been made, including the conducting of water into the house by pipes, thus adding greatly to the convenien(^e which characterizes the fittings of the home. The water is also conveyed to the barn from a living spring in the hillside, which furnishes a thirty-fpot fall. Mr. Eltiand owns other real estate in this vicinity. Our subject is a son of Mathi.as Etttand. who was born in Bavaria, German}'. His parents were far- mers, and he was reared and educated on the es- tate. When a young man he entered the employ of the railroad as a brakeman, then became weigh- iiiaster, holding the latter position until he resigned to come to America, where he believed he could better his condition. In accordance with the laws of the land he also served for a time in the Ger- man army. He married Miss !\Iargaret Pippert, a native of the same province as himself, and with iier and one child came to the United States in 1851. They left Bremen on a sailing vessel, and after a long voyage landed in New York, whence they made their way to P^lmore, Ohio. Mr. Eft- land's means were exhausted, and he labored at whatever he could find to do for a short time. He then bought a piece of land in what was known as the Black Kwami), in Ottawa County, locating there and endeavoring to build up a home. The country was low and unhealtliful, and the entire family was troubled with the ague. Mr. Effland therefore determined to seek a healthier country, and in 18.")7 left this land and came to Ellisville, 111. Here he worked by the day as a laborer, and also did farm ing for others. In 1861 Mr. Effland took advantage of the first opportnnit}' afforded of selling his Ohio land, re- ceiving ai;300 for the one hundred and sixty acres. He at once secured one hundred and sixty acres on section 29, Ellisville Township, the price of which was #700. It was unimproved bottom land, and its low price was due to the fact that settlers wore afraid to venture crops in the bottoms of the Spoon River, for fear of be ing drowned out. Mr. Effland began imjjroving and cultivating his farm, finding the soil capable of yielding large crops. He continued to reside in Ellisville, and being successful in his labors soon l)ought fifty-two acres on section 6, adjoining the village. A few years later he sold it and purchased eiglit^' acres on section 30, and there made his home, putting up the best of buildings and oilier improvements. About 1872 he purchased a town lot. put up a store liuilding 2(1x60 feet, and buying a stock of general merchandise, embarked in trade. He was interested ill the store twelve years, paying the greater part of his personal attention however, to farming. He had gone into merchandising to help a friend who was a practical merclcant to a job, and finally sold out to him. Mr. Effland was extensively engaged in rais- ing and feeding stock, and became ihe owner of some five hundred acres of well-improved land, one hundred acres of which was in Union Town- ship. Mr. Effland was a quiet, unassuming man who seldom exerted his infiuence, although when he chose he had great power in the community. In re- ligious belief he was a Lutheran, and in |)olitics a Democrat. He breathed his last August 31, 1889, at the age of sixtj'-six years, six months and six days. His widow still lives on the old homestead, and is now seventy years old. Their family con- sists of seven children, the subject of this notice being the second in order of birth. Henry lives in Mitchell County, Kan.; Mrs. Catherine Babbitt, in Kcyha Paha County, Neb. : Martin, Augustus and Peter are farmers in Ellisville Township, this county; Mrs. Mary Dall lives near Bushnell. John Effland was born in Elmore, Ohio, Decem- ber 27, 1851, and lived in Ottawa County until five years old. He was then brought to the Prairie State by his parents, who traveled by rail to Prairie City. The lad grew to manhood in Pillisville, which was then ciuile a business center. He at- tended the common schools, which were quite good, although the periods of instruction were limited. He was early set to work, and when a small boy drove oxen in breaking prairie, and otherwise bore a share in home labors. Game of various kinds was quite abundant here, deer being especially nu- merous, while rattlesnakes were frequently seen. 448 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. When he had readied his majurity, our subject worked b^v the luontli for his father on the farm and in the store until Februar}-, 1874, when he es- tablished his own home. In Iniilding up his fortunes. Mr. Effland has been assisted by his wife, who in lier own department of their affairs has exhibited prudence and good judg- ment. She is a native of the Hoosier State, and came to this county in 1865, when twelve years old. Her father, AVilliam G. Cooke, is now a prominent farmer in EllisviUe Township. Miss Phtebe A. Cooke lieeame Mrs. Ellland February 14, 1874. She has borne lier husband three children: William. Mar^- and ilattie. After his marriage, Mr. Efiland rented land for two years and then bought eighty acres on section 30. The land had been well cultivated, was fenced, but had no buildings upon it. After having oper- ated the piece six years, Mr. Ellland sold it to his brother, with the intention of going to Nebraska. Just at tiiat time the owner of two hundred acres on sections 31 and 32, was nearly swamped, and our subject bought the land at a bargain. It was badly run down, but well-directed efforts ere long brought it to a fine condition. Some portions were cleared and grubbed, the sorl broken on others, and the various improvements made which mark it as one of the most comfortable homes in the county. Mr. Etlland has since added other land, bringing up the total to two hundred and eighty acres. The estate consists of fortj- acres on section 31, where the residence is; one hundred and sixty acres on section 32, and eighty acres on section 29. One hundred and eighty acres are under the plow, and all that has been cleared is tillable. Nearly all is bottom land with a practically inexhaustible soil, and is fertilized by Spoon River and various springs. The owner carries on general farming, raising grain and stock, and feeding quite large numbers of hogs. His cattle are of a high grade, and his farm machinery of the latest and most im- proved models. Mr. Effland has served as Commissioner of High- ways three terms, his action while in office being of practical benefit to the traveling public. He has also served as School Director. He is a Repub- iican, stanch in the faith, capable of intelligently conversing regarding tlie issues of the day. and giving good ground fur his opinions. He has been a delegate to county conventions, and has served on petit juries. In addition to his fine farm, Mr. Effland owns property in EllisviUe. Mrs. Effland belongs to the Christian Church, and stands side by side with her husband in the esteem of the com- munit}'. «. : sg^J^jUgt : . ll of whom are living at home with the exception ()f Ellen, who is a Sister of Charily and a teacher at St. Florisaut Academy near St. Louis, Mo. Mrs. Smith departed this life in 1867, leaving a worthy record of a life well spent, though cut off in its prime. Mr. Smith was married to his present estimable wife in November. 1869. Her maiden name was Anna M. Robey, and she is a daughter of F. II. Robe}% of St. Augustine. Three children have blessed this union, named as follows: Francis C„ aged eighteen; Louis B., sixteen; and Elizabeth L., fourteen, all at home with their parents. The family are all members in high standing of the St. Joseph Catholic Church of Avon, and are respected and esteemed by all about them. Mr. Smith's course as a business man has demon- strated that he has excellent financial talent and is cool-headed and clear-sighted in the management of his affairs. These traits of character have at- tracted the favorable notice of his fellow-citizens who have called him to the important office of Su- pervisor, to represent I'nion Township on the Count}' Board, and he is zealously guarding its in- terests without regard to personal or party consid- erations. In his political views he is decidedly a Democrat. Our subject was Postmaster at Avon, under Grover Cleveland's administration. ^^~ '.TrjIjENJAMIN C. TOLER, M. D. The calling |Li^, of a physician is not only one of the most j'^MlJIj arduous, but one of the most responsible ^^^^ pursuits in which man can engage, and he who attains a high reputation in this iirofession must necessaril}' be endowed with ph3sical endur- ance, keen intelligence and excellent judgment. The subject of this sketch is one whose extensive practice and high standing in professional circles l)rove conclusively his mental and physical endow- ments, his careful culture, his painstaking efforts to continually add to his theoretical knowledge and practical skill. As a private citizen he is highly esteemed for his public spirit, personal example, and interest in all that is beneficial to the members of the community and the county at large. Dr. Toler is of remote English ancestrv. his fore- 45G PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. fathers having been numheied among the early Virginia coh)nisls. His grandfathers, William Toler and William Hunton. served in the Revolu- tionar}- Arnij- under Gen. Washington, and the former was a planter of abundant means. His son, Thomas U., received a first-class education, began teaching when quite j-ouug, and at one time occupied a Chair at Bethany College. In 1832 he removed to Kentucky with his wife and two chil- dren, making the entire journey with teams, cross- ing the mountains and locating in Winchester, Clarke County. There he established a select school, pui suing his pedagogical labors until 1846, when he came to Illinois. He bought a tract of l:in.iles distant, calling for his father who at length answered his cry, relieved him of his burden, and togetlier they carried the dogs to the liouse, where the wounds were sewed up and tiie animals nursed back to liealth. The canines were valued in those dangerous regions, and as carefully cared for b}' the peo|»le as were the chil- dren. At that time tlie nearest neighbor of the Walters family was John Barker, whoso home was two miles distant, and at Table Grove, five miles away, lived Mr. Nott. In the year 1846 our subject was married to Miss Mar^' Ann Hojde, a native of Connecticut, whose parents had emigrated thither from England. They afterward resided in the Bucke3'e State, whence they came to this section of Illinois in 1844. Immediately after their marriage the young couple took possession of a forty acre tract of land in the woods, laboring together to advance their fortunes, and, notwithstanding their [jrimilive surroundings. passing their happiest days in the little log cabin which they moved into before it was chinked. The tirst morning they awoke to find their bed covered two inches deep with snow. Mr. Walters hauled fifty bushels of corn to Bernadotte and traded it for a little, square table, off which he and bis wife ate their first meal in their new home. They raised the llax which Mrs. Walters broke, swingled, spun and wove, making a tick for their first bed, into wiiich they put straw. Tlie little farm grew in extent to a tract of five hundred and forty acres, and is now one of the finest estates in this section. Our subject and lii3""good wife have reared five children — having lost three'ir. infanej'. The eldest, George W., is married and has one daughter; he is a farmer operating a portion of his father's land in Harris Township. Andrew J., also lives on a farm obtained from his father; he has been married fourteen years but has no children; Olive, the wife of Franklin Waid, and the mother of three children, occupies land given her by her father; Cora Ann, wife of George Wilson, has three chil- dren, they being occupants of a good farm pur- chased by the husband. Eva married I. Brown, has three children, and is now living on an eighty- acre tract belonging to our subject. Mr. Walters is Democratic in politics as was his father, and has alwaj^s taken an active interest in party affairs. He has served as School Director, and held various township offices, serving faithfully in every position to which he has been called. The family are identified with the Christian Church, are looked upon with respect, and have many warm friends wherever tliej' are known. ENRY LEEPER is a member of one of the y'l most popular and prosperous families in Fairview Township, and has inherited all (^) the nobility of character and strength of will that have combined to bring success to each member of the Leeper family. He is a brother of Hon. John Leeper and Isaac N. Leeper, whose sketches appear in this Album. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 459 Our subject was bom on section 24, on the old homestead of AVilliam Leeper, and there Ue passed liis youth, being the youngest son in bis father's family. His father, William L«eper, was one of the old pioneers of Fulton County, settling on the section above mentioned in 1840, and his mother, Eleanor (Lake) Leeper, came with her father, John Lake, who settled on the same section in 1838. The Lake and Leeper families both eiune from Ohio, the former coming originally from New Jer- sey and being connections of Anneke Jans, whose vast estates have been for such a long period in liti- gation. Of the Leeper children there are eight liv- iiig,viz : John A., Isaac N., Harriet, Emmaline, Oli- ver, Charles E., Henry and Nettie M. Harriet is the widow of Joseph McMillan, and resides at Ft. Scott, Kan. ; Emmaline married Josiah Brooks and lives in Kan.; Oliver makes his home in the AVest: Charles E. resides in Sabetha, Kaii., and is a farmer; Nettie M. married William Slack, and makes her home in Farming'ton Township. Our subject's father was a noble looking man. and was prominent in political, social and religious matters, and his business career was exceedingly prosperous. His death occurred in June, 1888, after he had attained his eightieth year, and at that time he owned about eighteen hundred acres of land in Fulton and McDonough Counties, and also some in Iowa. His wife died at the age of sev- enty-six, in July, 1890. Mr. Leeper was born March 1 , 1 85(*, and re- ceivey union of our subject and his estimable wife has been blest by the birth of the following: Lenora is the wife of Douglas McCann and lives in Canton Township; John is still witli his parer.ts; JIary married Albert Provard and lives in Buckhart Township; Judson, Abbie, Thomas and Jessie are yet with their parents. Mathew Weaver, grandfather of Mrs. Young, died at the home of his son Jacob at the age of one bun- dled and one years, seven months and five days. He had never been sick a day until his last illness. Jacob Weaver died at the age of eighty-nine years. Our subject is of a retiring disposition and takes no active part in political matters, except to deposit his vote, which is a Democratic one. He and his wife belong to the Methodist Protestant Church at Monterey and earnestly endeavor to practice in daily life the grand principles in which thej^ be- lieve. "if^OSEPH DeFORD. Bernadotte Township is a rich agricultural center and the men who conduct its farming interests are entei'pris- ing, self-reliant and shrewd business men. Among these the subject of this sketch occupies no unimportant place. His parents were among the l)ioneers of the county, coming here in 1838. He was then a lad of eleven years, having been born July 19, 1827, in Richland County, Ohio. At the age of twenty-two he started out in life for himself in the spring of 1849. He early secured the co- operation of a callable trusty helpmate and a true wife in the person of Eliza M., daughter of David 46t PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. and Eliza Rouse, of Wapello Count}'. Iowa. The foUowinj; is recorded of the three children two daughters and one son, the fruit of their mar- riage: Milton J., boru in 1852, married Amanda Ooudy, and tliey live on a portion of his father's farm, one mile south of the paternal home; Louisa A., born March 16, 1855, married Frank Sheets and they live one and one-half miles southwest of the city of Lewistown, on a farm of their own con- tainino; over one hundred acres of land; Anna L., born in 1866, lives at home with her parents. Mr. and Mrs. DeFord have also taken to their homes and hearts a nephew whom Ihej* reared from child- hood. He is now thirty-one years old and still makes his home with them. When Mr. DeFord first began hi? career as a farmer, he rented a farm west of Canton for one year. He then took up his residence in the north- east corner of Bernadotte Township on what is known as the Plngle farm. A year l&ter he rented a farm west of Cuba, which he operated two 3-ears. He next became the proprietor of a farm of his own, buying sixty acres of land on section 14. Bernadotte Township, on which he now makes his iiome. Twelve years later he added one hundred and sixty acres of fine farming land on section 23, to his original purchase. This last tract was cov- ered with woods. He h."is since cleared off the tim- ber and has purchased twent}--two and one-half acres of land on section 14, so that now he has two hundred and fort3'-two acres of as fertile farming land as ever the sun shone on. He has a handsome, substantial two-stor}' frame residence; a large barn, 50x30 feet in dimensions; granaries, cattle sheds, etc. His farm is well-stocked with high bred horses and cattle. Mr. DeFord is a Democrat in principle, but is independent in action, voting for the man and not the part}'. He has held the offices of Road Com- missioner, School Director and School Trustee, and has discharged the duties thus devolving upon him with characteristic fidelit}-. He has witnessed much of the pioneer growth of this county and has acted well his part in its development. Those were very trying times in the early da\'s of the Sfttle- ment of this county as the pioneers had much to contend with. There were scarcely any facilities for carrying on labor such as the farmer of to-day enjoj's. He can well remember when their flour was made b}- the most primitive methods, and the pio- neers had to grind ;the grain bj- hand or go hungry. It ma}' be his pride tliat he has not only witnessed the growth of this county but has taken an active part in its advancement. Mr. DeFord is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church and his life is ihtxt of a true Ciiristian. OLOMON STROU.SE. whose sketch now claims attention, is one of the representa- tive farmers in Pleasant Township, and a gentleman highly respected alike for his good business qualifications and his upright cliar- acter. His birth occurred in Beaver County, Pa., on the 2ud of May. 1813, he being a son of Henry and Barbara Strouse. His paternal grand- father was in the Revolutionary War, and his fatlier was born in Berks County, Pa., as was also his mother. Our subject grew to manhood's estate in his native county, spending most of the time on a farm, and wlien about twenty years of age com- menced learning the tanner's trade, being appren- ticed for that purpose for nearly two years. He subsequently followed tliis trade and that of a journeyman for a number of years. He received his education in the early subscription schools of Pennsylvania, where the system at that time was not thorough as at the present time. In 1842 Mr. Strouse moved to Illinois, living for a short time in Stark County, where he engaged in farming. He moved to Lewistown, and there su- perintended the tannery of William Proctor, re- maining in his employ a number of years. In 1852. our subject went to California, traveling over the plains and being ninety-six days on the way. While in California he turned his attsntion to gold- mining and during the four years of his sojourn there was financi.illy very successful. However, he failed to find a desirable place for a home and returned to Fulton County in the year 1856. and two years later purchased his present farm. At PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 465 ■€-^B- <^ l^>ILLIAM PARRY, the son of .in early pio- \rJ/ neer f.amily of tliis county, is a prosperous \^^ member of its f.arming community, owning and managing a good-sized farm in Astoria Town- ship. He was born twelve miles east of New Phil- adelpiiia, Ohio, June 16, 1822. Heisasonof Caleb and Rebecca (tangle) Parry. His father settled in the wilderness of Ohio in a very early day, and cleared and improved a farm of one hundred and sixty acres of land. He was a keen calculator, that time there was a double log house and a log barn on the place, and the land was not cultiv.ated. Naturally, therefore, he had great ditliculty in bringing it to its present state of cultivation and prosperity. He built an elegant brick residence in ; 1868 and repLaced the old barn with a very handsome one. His estate embraces one hundred and eighty-three acres of fine farming land and 3'ields every year a fine income. The subject of our sketch was married in 1850 to Miss Belle Wallace, daughter of Isaiah and I Elizabeth Wallace, pioneer settlers of Isabel Town- [ ship, this county. This marriage was blessed with : three children, viz.: Addie; who is at home with her ' parents; Ilarrj-, who resides in Uiis place; and Frank, who is dead. Mr. Strouse served two terms as Supervisor of [ Pleasant Township, and served also as Collector. In politics he is a member of the Democratic party, and takes much interest in affairs of public import- ance. He is a member of the Masonic order at Lewistown, Lodge No. 104. While he is wliat is commonly designated as a self-made man, he is well educated, and being fond of books is a great reader, and keeps himself thoroughly posted both in literary and political matters. He is a public spirited man and one who delights to advance both his own interests and those of his neighbors. Today he ranks among the wealthy and influential agri- culturists of this county, and is surrounded by all the comforts of life, proving the truth of the old assertion that "industr3' will win in the race for fortune and position." possessing an aiithmetical turn of mind, and was successful financially. In the fall of 1834 he came to Menard County, 111., with a team, being thirtj'- one da3-s on the road. In the spring of 1835, he came to Fulton County, and located on a tract of ooe hundred and sixty acres, which he had entered during the winter. He sold that shortly after and bought anotlier farm on which he lived until his demise. Before his death he gave each of his ten children eiglit3' acres of land. When he came to this State his property was comprisedjin 8500 of monej' and four horses. He lacked eight days of being eightj'-three years old when he died, and his wife was within eighteen days of being ninety-three years old at the time of her death. She always en- joj'ed good health and was an active worker almost to the last. For further parental history, see sketch of subject's brother Enoch, which appears |ou an- other page in this volume. William Parry grew to man's estate on the farm. He is self-educated and all the time that he spent in school was before he was thirteen years of age. He chose the calling to which he had been bred and since 1864 has lived on his present farm. He has here three hundred and eighteen acres of well cul- tivated land, upon which he has placed many valu- able improvements. He sold one hundred and eighty acres of land to his son Ste()hen. When our subject began his life as a farmer on his own ac- count he had eight}' acres of woodland which cost $100. He cleareil it and improved it into a sub- stantial farm, and from time to time added more land by further purchase. The first three 3'ears he lived in a hewed log house, and all his household goods had been taken to it on a one-horse sled. lie has accumulated the rest of his property by his own efforts. He has assisted his children to the amount of $1,000 each. In his early days Mr. Parry was a Whig. He was a liberal supporter of the Union during the war and joined the Republican party after its formation. He cast his first Presidential vote for Henr3' Cla3', and has never missed 'being present at an election since that time. The pleasant wedded life of our subject and his wife began August 10, 1842. Nine children have been born to them, three of whom, Isaac, Caleb and Rheuam died young. Those living are, Catherine, 466 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. wife of William DuPuy; Jesse, John, Williatn, i Stephen anri Flora B., wife of Georije Sbeuman. ' They all received excellent educations in the public schools. Mrs. Parry's maiden name was Miranda "Walker. .She was boru in Ohio and is a daughter of Jesse and Catiierine (Barnhart) Walker, who were earl}' settlers of Fulton County, coming to this State from Knox County, Ohio in 1840. Mr. and Mrs. Parry have long been faithful and valued members of the Jlethodist Episcopal Church, with which he identified himself thirty years ago, and she united herself with the church before marriage. <^ LFRED J. BAXTER, M. D., though still ^/^l ^ young man has already acquired a One jjj lil reputation as a skillful surgeon and a suc- (^' cessful ph)'sician, and has built up an ex- tensive practice in Astoria, where he has one of ths most beautiful homes in the county. Ur. Baxter was born Februar}' 28, 1855, in New- ark, N. J. His father, Emil Baxter, v.as born either in England or Scotland. The grandfather of our subject was a native of Scotland. He was a lace manufacturer and operated a factory in Lisle, France, making his home in that countr}' and in his native land. He paid frequent visits to the United States, as he had an importing house in New York City. His last j-ears were spent with his son Emil in Newark, N. J. He reared but two children, one of whom died in earl}- manhood. 'J'he father of our subject came to America In early manhood to attend to his father's business, and made his home in Newark. On account of ill-health he was obliged to abandon commercial pursuits, and he came to Illinois. He staid here but a short time on that occasion, but in 1860 returned to make a permanent settlement, and located in Nauvoo, where he bought land and turned his attention to horticulture. He has met with more than ordinary success in that line, and is one of the leading horticulturists of Illinois. He has been especiallj' successful in the culture of the grape and has the largest vineyard in the State. He has been twice married. The maiden name of his first wife, mother of our subject, was Annette Powell, and she was a native of Connecticut. Her father, Thomas Powell, was an inventor of much skill, and at different times lived in Hartford, Meriden, and Waterbur}', Conn. The mother of our subject died in Nauvoo iu 1863, leaving six children, all of whom survive, as follows: Emil, Alfred J., Annette, Thomas, Cecil, and Alice. The father has one daughter by his second marriage, Addie. Dr. Baxter received his earl}- education in the public schools of Nauvoo, and advanced it by at- tendance at the academy in Denmark, Iowa. After leaving that institution of learning he began teach- ing in 1876, first in a district school in Hancock County, and then was elected Principal of the Nauvoo schools, and held that position three years. During that time he commenced the study of medi- cine with Prof. J. C. Hughes, of Keokuk. Iowa. He attended medical lectures at the College of Physicians and Surgeons at Keokuk, and was grad- uated from there in the spring of 1880. Thus well-fitted for his profession, he immediately en- tered upon its duties in Nauvoo, his old home, where he was well-known and had many friends. In 1 882 he made an extended trip through the West, going even to the Pacific Coast. He gleaned much pleasure and profit from his journey and re- turned refreshed to his labors. In 1883 the Doctor came lo Astoria, and has since been in active practice here. He iias been eminently successful, not only financially, but pro- fessionally, and is conceded to be one of the brightest and ablest medical men in the county. Although his time is so occupied with his numer- ous patients, he manages to keep himself well-in- formed in all that concerns his profession, and keeps abreast of the times. He is the only member of the Illinois State Medical Society in Fulton County,and is a member of the Military Tract Med- ical Society. He is identified with the I. O. O. F. as a member of Astoria Lodge, No. 112. Possessing a genial, frank disposition ana many pleasant per- sonal attributes, he is very popular, and with his amiable wife occupies a high social position among the liest people of Astoria. Dr. Baxter was married March 29, 1886, to Miss PORTRAir AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 4G7 Emma, oldest daughter of the wtll-kiiown physi- cian, Or. B. C. Toler, who is represented elsowlieie in this volume. Three children — Bessie May, Annette Lulu ami Alfreil J., have been born to our subject and Ills wife. In the month of .lanuary, 1890 tlie Ductor bought one of the lincst residences in the county: it is a commodious brick house occuiiying am|)le grounds, whose grassy lawns, shaded by beautiful trees and slirubbery, and adorned with lovely flowers, combine to make it a very attr.'ictive home. RANK A. MORTON. To an activL-. wide- awake young man who is the happy pos- sessor of that energy and aml)ition that almost invariably wins success, there is always a broad field in which to hew out a flattering career. After the declining years of life are reached there is little to expeci; or achieve, but while the bloom of youth lingers, one may accomplish nearly any desired end in the commercial and political world. Everywhere and among every class of men there is a feeling of reverence for a man who taking up llie threads of his destiny in a firm hand has woven them into a beautiful wliole. It is often a diflicult matter to realize the importance of each passing moment that robs life of tiiis energy and strength of purpose, but such men as Frajk A. Morton real- ize fully that '-life is real," and so endeavor to leave behind them "footsteps on the sa;ids of time." Our subject, who is an aspiring young politician, was first ushered into this mundane sphere on the 2d of Marcii, 18.55, being the son of H. D. Morton, whose sketch appears elsewhere in this volume. Frank's birth occurred on the old Morion home- stead and there he passed his early youth, attenfS per month. He contiiuied to labor faithfully until twenty-one years of age, and being anxious to make some decided headw.av in business, he determined to follow Hor- ace Greeley's advice, and came West. He first set- tled at Farmington, giving his attention to farming, and had the misfortune to lose the i!,500, that he had brought from his native State. He went to Canton, where he engaged with a marble company as traveling salesman, and at a later date was ap- pointed general agent for the Woolen Mills in that city, representing his house through different por- tions of Illinois. 470 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. Mr. Brown was married in 1871 to Miss Orena Loomis, a native of Washington Count}% N. Y., and a daughter of Norton and Joanna (Miller) Loomis. Her father was a farmer and moved with his fnmily to Illinois in 1840, settling in Farming- ton Townshi[), where he died when seventy years of age. Her mother, though seventy-six years old, still enjoys comparative good health. The Loomis family- is a ver\**promineut one.[2:Prof. Loomis is a kinsman of hers. Mrs. Brown was but three years old, when she came with her p.arents to Illinois, and was one of the four children born to her parents, viz: Orena, Mary. Jane, and Dexter who died at the age of five years. To Mr. and Mrs. Brown has been born one child — Charles Marion, who is eight years of age. Our subject belongs to Olive Branch Lodge, So. 15, I. O. O. F., of Canton. He is a very prom- inent citizen and has held many public offices, being held in the highest esteem by all who know him. OWARD W. SEBREE. Among the resi- |i dents of Canton who have prosecuted a successful business career for many j'ears, and then, investing their means in such a manner as to derive a good income without undue exertion, have retired from the arduous labors of life, is the gentleman above named. He was en- gaged in the manuf.acture of w.agons upwards of thirty-three years, the product of his establishment finding a ready sale over an extended region of country. He was engaged to some extent in other lines cf business both before and after this experi- ence, an(i for some time p.ast has been the owner of dwellings and business houses, in which the greater part of his capital is invested. Our subject is the youngest sim of James and Elizabeth (Trotter) Sebree. His mother was horn in Virginia to the wife of George Trottei-, moved to Kentucky when a small girl, and there grew to womanhood. Not long after marriage Mr. and Mrs. .' cbree removed to Indiana, remaining in that Slate some sixteen j^ears, after which they took up their residence in Pickaway County, Ohio. Severrd 3'ears later, in 1S32, they came to this countj-, where for a time th.ey were engaged in hotelkeeping. Mr. iSebree died in Canton in 1865, but the mother of our subject h.ad passed away manj- years before. Their family comprised six sons and two daughters of whom three sons and one daughter survive. The birth of Howard W. Sebree took place in Scott County, Ind., not far from Madison, October 17, 1822. In that county and in Canton, which be- came his home when ten years old, he took advan- tage of every opportunit}' offered to obtain an education, although his school privileges wore meagre compared with those of the present time. On leaving school, when seventeen years old, he be- gan work at the cooper's trade, making all kinds of barrels, but principally those for packing pork, which was an important industry in the neighbor- hood. There being quite a demand for wagons he de- termined to turn his attentiijn to their manufacture, and meeting with success in his enterprise, continued it as before mentioned fur a lengthy period of jears. He finally invested considerable capital in buildings and also became interested in the manu- facture of brick. At present his brick3-ard is leased, and he finds sufficient occupation in overseeing ids investments, devoting the remainder of his time to domestic and social life and the enjo3"ment of the pleasures suited to his j-ears. In earlier days he was one of the stanch Abolitionists of this vicinity, and afterward ideutiBed himself with the Republi- can part}', whoso principles he still sup[)orts. He is in sympathy with prohibition, liberal in religious matters, and imbued with the spirit which leads him to take a deep interest in all which will advance the real welfare of the community and State. He has never sought office, but as a private citizen has discharged his duties in a quiet and reliable manner. The home of JMr. .Sebree is ah old-f.ashioned, sub- stantial brick structure on West Cole street. On May 27, 1852, he was married to Margaret Simpson, who was born in Philadelphia, but at the time of her marriage was living in Farmington Township, wliither her parents, John and Margaret Simpson, PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 473 had removed in 1834. She bore her husband five children, liut two of whom nre living. Those who have already crossed the river of death are Clara, John S. and Anne. The living nre Emma, wife of Charles W. Wilson, and Stella T., whose presence still gladdens the home fireside, and she is now l\eep- ing house for her father. The death of Mrs. Sebree took place Blarch 3, 188L <^0U^ HENRY JOHNSON. This gentle- man has had a ver^- successful career since he established himself in London Mills in the drug business in May, 1885. He has a large store, 22x50 feet, tastefully arranged and supplied with a verj^ full stock of goods. Those include the articles generally to be found in a first- class pharraac}^ He usually carries from three to six hundred ounces quinine and cinchona, a large variet}' of plusli goods in their seasoli, and a heavy stock of tobacco and cigars. He carries as high as forty-flve butts of tobacco, from seven to eight thousand cigars, fifteen to twenty pails fine cut and three hundred pounds of smoking tobacco. He does not sell a drop of liquor and never keeps it on hand. His is probably the only strictly tem- perance drug store in the county. He manufac- tures his own tinctures and within twent^'-four hours after the alcohol comes in, he has it made up. He saves from fifteen to tliirty cents |)er pint on these preparations, sending only for what he needs of the required ingredients. Mr. Johnson is a grandson of the Rev. Richard Johnson, a native of Kentucky and a minister m the Christian Church. He emigrated from his na- tive State to Illinois, being one of the earliest set- tlers in Knox County. He bought and improved what is Ivnown as the Mound Farm near Abingdon, but after some years moved across the line into Warren County but still near Abingdon. There he resided until his death, preaching the Gospel as well as operating his farm. He was one of the or- ganizers of the Christian Church in that part of the county. The father of our subject was Patton Johnsoi: , who was born in Kentucky and removed to this State when quite young. He was reared in Knox County and after his nvirriage removed to Warren County where he settled on a farm. After a time he removed to Cedar Rapids, Iowa, but after re- siding there a few years returned to this State, lo- cated at Prairie City and was a contractor for stone work seven 3ears. He had picked up the mason's trade, being apt in mechanical work. For a few 3'ears following he carried on a farm here, then re- turned to the city and remained two years. In 1865, he took up his abode in Abingdon, working at his trade as a contractor until 1875, when he spent a shoit time in Galesburg. We next find ;\lr. Johnson in Monmouth, begin- ning the practice of the Tliompsonian system of medicine and meeting with success. He was a fine botanist, well acquainted with the properties of herbs and roots, from which he prepared his medi- cines. In 1879 he went to Vona, Col., took up a claim and lived there until his death, in 1889. He He was an active and consistent menjber of the Christian Church. In politics he was a Democrat. The mother of our suliject was born in Ken- tucky and bore the maiden name of Sarah Meadows. She was a lineal descendant in the maternal line of JNIartin Coffee, wlio came from England to America and died in Kentucky at the age of one hundred and one years. A large estate in England was left by a member of this family but the record is not suflficiently complete to prove the claims of our subject's family upon it. Her father, Henry Meadows, likewise a native of the Blue Grass State, was one of the early settlers of Warren County, near Abingdon. He bought land and engaged in farming, finally becoming the owner of a large tract of land from which he gave each of his chil- dren a farm. He was a carpenter by trade and helped to build the old court house at Knoxville. He built his own rude log house and other build- ings, gradually imi)roved his dwelling, putting on clapboards, plastering it, etc. He was quite a hun- ter and one of the most hospitable among the pio- neers with whom hospitality was a prominent virtue. No stranger nor luingr}' man passed his door without being entertained. He was a very active man in church matters, a leader aniong the 474 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. people, and before a church was built, had services held in his house. He and grandfather Johnson built the first Christian Church in that section, lo- cated at Meridian. Mrs. Johnson is now living at Abingdon, iu quite poor health and Bftv-six years old. The parental family included Althea, who died in childhood; Mary E., Sarah J. ami Martha A., who live in Abingdon; John Henry ; Minnie I., whose home is in Peoria; Erastus R., of Denver, Col.; Artie, who died at Prairie Cilj' when a child; Charles W., in the employ of the Toledo, Peoria & Warsaw Railroad at Peoria; Milicent Z., who lives in Galesburg. The natal day of our subject was January 11, 1 856, and his birthplace Cedar Rapids, Linn County, Iowa. When six months old lie was brought to Prairie Cit}-, 111., which was his home until the age of nine years. He then went to Abingdon and at that earl_y age began working his own way. He la- bored on a farm in the summer, and attended school in Abingdon iu the winter until he acquired a good education, pjarly in January, 1875, he be- gan clerking for F. P. Foltz, the pioneer merchant and leading pharmacist of Abingdon, from whom he learned the drug business and the art of com- pounding medicines. So skillful did he become that during the last four years of the seven which he spent in Mr. Foltz's employ he had charge of the store. He was registered as a pharmacist in 1881. In'the spring of 1882, Mr. Johnson took a trip to Kans.as City and Topeka but returned to this .State in the course of a month and in April came to London Mills. The Fulton County Railroad had just been completed and the town then had but four stores and a mill. Our subject took charge of the drug store of H. C. AVIiitnah, carrying it on three years. He then bought a new stock of drugs worth §1500 and opened his own establishment. The first year he rented a building, 19x23 feet, but as the rent was high and the room too small for his growing trade, he determined to build. He bought lumber on nine months' time ami put up the struc- ture he now occupies. He was able to pay his bills in five months, as his increasing popularity, chwe application to business and pharmaceutical skill added continually to his custom. His location is the best in the town and he is undoubtedly the most prosperous dealer there. He owns one-eight of a block of land with a store and residence, and is also interested in Chicago lots in what was form- erly the suburb of Englewood. He and his wife carry ten years' endowment policies to the amount of 86,000 in the ^tna Life Insurance Company. The marriage ceremony which united the lives of John Johnson and Marj^ Catterlon was per- formed bv Judge Dennis Clarke, uncle of the groom, in Galesburg, October 15, 1883. The grand- father of the bride was Dilar F. Catterton, a native of Virginia and of Welsh descent. He was an early settler iu Kentuck}^ where his son, James R., father of Mrs. Johnson, was born. The last named gentleman came to Lawrence County. 111., iu 1820 and farmed there for a number of years. In 1850 he located in Elba Township, Knox County, where he has successfully pursued his calling and now owns two hundred and three acres of fine, improved lanil. He w-as a soldier in the Mexican War, and in 1862 enlisted in the One Hundred and Second Illinois Infantry, serving as a private three years. During that time he was injured 1)\' a team in a wagon train and was transferred to the invalid corps. Although seventy one 3'ears old he is still actively engaged iu his business. He is a strong Republican and a member of the Church of Christ. The mother of Mrs. Johnson is of English an- cestry and grand-daughter of a Revolutionarv soldier. Her father, Daniel Organ, a Captain in the Black Hawk War, died in Lawrence County, this State, whence he had removed from Kentucky. Mrs. Sarah Catterton is still living and is now sixty-one years old. She is the mother of seven children, three of whom are still living. These are, Mrs. Aurora McKee of Summit; Mrs. John- sou; and Mrs. Lura Norton of Bloomington. Mrs. Johnson was born in Elba Township, Knox County, .and h.as a practical education. After hav- ing attended Abingdon College two years she en- gaged in teaching, afterward spending three months more at her Alma Mater. She held five certificates from Mary Allen West who has been so promi- nently identified with the educational work of this country during the past few years. To Mr. and PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 475 Mrs. Johnson one child has been Ijorn, a charming little (laughter, Stella Fay. Mr. Johnson was Treasurer of London Mills one term, the second year after the ineor|)or:ition of the town. He has since declined otHce as he is too busy in conducting his store to properly discharge duties of a public nature. He belongs to London Lodge, No. 734, I. O. O. F., and Mrs. Johnson is a Rebecca. The lodge witii which she was identified is now extinct. She is an active member of the Women's Christian Temperance Union, an ex- president in the society, and is a believer in pro- hil)ition as a party measure. Mr. Johnson is a stanch Republican. Both are active members of the Church of Christ. Mr. Johnson is now Deacon and Treasurer and his wife Assistant Superinten- dent in the Sunday-school. They move in the best circles of society and are highly regarded for their mental culture, useful and energetic lives and Christian characters. As will be seen, Mr. Johnson is self made both as to education and finances. For years, even when but a salaried clerk, he su[)ported his mother, to whom be still lovingly gives of his abundance. The attention of the reader is directed to a litho- graphic portrait of Mr. Johnson, presented on an- other page. ,LIVE A. BOWTON. -Our schools are the hope of our country," and no more fitting subject for representation in a Biockafhical Album can be found than one whose talents are given to promote the cause of education. Our sub- ject is engaged in teaching and is using her most earnest efforts to elevate and enlighten the minds of those who are placed under her instruction. She was born in Orion Township, September 5, 1868, and is the fourth of the nine children who made up the familj- of John and J^izzie (Cox) Bowton. The other surviving members of the family circle are Fred, born September 15, 1865; Horatio, Feb- ruary 18, 1873; Algie, January 26, 1878; and Lil- lie L., August 26, 1880. The father, John Bowton, was born in the city of New York, September 29, 1828, of English par- ents, Mark and Mary Bowton. While he was very young his parents removed 'to Dearborn County, Ind., where the old homestead still retains the Bow- ton name. Not many years after the removal Mark Bowton died, leaving five sons to support their widowed mother and themselves as best they could by such labor as was presented to them. During the gold fever of 1850 John Bowton and an oldei brother, James, went to California, enduring many hardships on their journey, at one time sub- sisting nine days upon tougli beef alone, broiled without seasoning. The party was taken over an untried route bj' a guide, who was tempted by an offer of $1,000 to laj' out a new way across the plains and mountaui ranges to the great gold fields. At one place they were led to a summit, where their belongings had to be let down a seventy-five- foot descent with ropes. Troubles do not come singly, and upon reach- ing California Mr. Bowton was caught in a freshet, which threw him into the inflammatory rheuma- tism. After his recovery he began mining, but his labor did not pay his exiienses, and after sink- ing 1500, he returned home in 1851 bv wa}' of the ocean and Isthmus. At his old home he set in- dustriously to work to replenish his pocket book. In 1858 he came to Illinois, purchasing a farm of about two hundred acres, where he still resides,. On New Year's Day, 1861, he married Lizzie, daughter of David and Mary (Hand ) Cox. This lady was born in Orion Townshi[), this county, December 1 4, 1 838, and was four years old when the parents returned to their former home in Indiana. There Grandmother Cox died when her daughter Lizzie was twelve years old, leaving her little fam- ily to shift fur themselves as best they could, the father being a happy -go easy man, who in his younger days spent much of his time hunting deer and other wild game with the Indians. The following lines, written by Mrs. Lizzie Bow- ton, will give the reader an understanding of the situation: "When at the age of twelve 3'ears old, I gazed upon my mother cold. Three sisters we and brothers five; No one to guide our youthful lives. 476 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALIJUM. Now worse than orphans left were we For our father (jfteu took a spree. And when a father's brain is wild He little tiiiuks of starving cliild. So we scattered from the lonely liive. Wo. sisters three and brothers five. Where are thej' now? I cannot say For one is lost and strayed away, And one has crossed the river deep And is laid to rest in lier long last sleep, And one lives down in Fithian town — A soldier boy was he. In battle's roar he was drenched with gore, As he faced the battle wild. No mother near to drop a tear On her suffering, lonely child. May God to the rest liis mercy show. Forgive and guide them where'er tliey go, And when tlie storms of life are past I'nited be in Heaven at last. Yet I know that God is kind. And witli the fire gold is refined. This, dear reader, bear in mind, A friend in Hiiu you'll always find. Owing to the unsettled slate of the country the early education of Mrs. Bowtonwas somewhat lim- IUmI, although she spent the winter of 1858 at the Presbyterian Union Seminary, in Danville. In 18()0 she returned to this county to become an in- mate of the home of her grandparents, Aaron and .Margaret Hand, under whoso careful instruction her mother had grown to womanhood with the most desirable qualities of character. Although reared principally under the religious teaching of the Methodist denomination she is identified with Christ's Church. She takes an active interest in all Christian work. Aaron Hand, the grandfather of Mrs. Bowtou, was born in Maryland in 1793, and died in this county .March 7, 1873, at tiie age of eighty years. He was a soldier in the War of 1812, was honor- ably discharged, but would never acce[Tt of a pen- sion, declaring his belief that it was not right for people who were able to live without it to accept Government aid. He was au oldiiue Whig, very firm in his belief, and a member of the Free-Will Baptist Church,strictly adhering to the (iolden Rule. His daughter Mary, who became the wife of David Cox, was born in Ohio in 1814," and went witli her parents to Indiana among the first settlers in their section of the .State. When she was about six years old she barely escaped being carried awa}' on an Indian pony by an old squaw wlio had become at- tached to her. Tlie days of her childhood were trj'ing times, the family- often retiring with drunken Indians lying a short distance from the door, whom they dared not drive away for fear of offense. Mr. Hand named a town, Rockville, which was laid off on liis farm in Parke Count}-. Ind. Early in the '30s he removed to Fulton County, 111., ac- companied by his daughter and her husband, who afterward returned to the Hoosier State, as before mentioned. The lady whose name initiates this skclch was reared in a home where honesty, truthfulness and industry were thoroughly instilled into her nature. Her family being of that substantial class which is equally removed from the rich and poor, she has been happy in comparative exemption from the temptations which are incident to both poverty aud riches. She attended school in the countrj- district from the age of seven to fifteen years, after which she spent nine months at the Canton IligU School. She still further advanced her education at Kuos Academy, Galesburg, during two terras in 1887. While there the Christian spirit which had been formed b}^ the close sympathy of a parent was full}' developed, and she firmly resolvid so to live as to be an accepted daughter of the (ireat King. She is a member of the Young Women's Christian Association, Woman's Auxiliary, and a promoter of the Christian cause. I— O ■ . 1 *^ RA A. KUYKENDALL, whose sketch now claims attention, is one of the most popular and _ highly esteemed gentlemen in Liverpool Town- ship, and after a long life well and pleasantly spent looks back uijon the years with great satisfaction in remembering how faithfully he performed every duty that fell to him. Our subject's father — James Kuykendall — was a native of Pennsylvania, and his grandfather, Henry PORTRAIT AND 1510GRAPHICAL ALBUM. Kuykcnclall, was also a native of that State, living to tlie advanced age of seventy-live and devoting bis attention to farming.' He reared a family of twelve children, and died in iiis native State. He served in the Revolutionary War, and the gun he used is now in Culia, this comity, in tlie possession of John Ilarmison. Mr. Kuykendall's father moved to Ohio about 1817, being one of the pioneers of that State. He made the trip on liorsebacii, and settled in Rich- land County, where he entered two hundred acres of land. The country was very wild, wolves prowling around, and deer abounding in the woods. He continued to farjQ tliere until 1837, at which time he moved to this county, settling near Cul)n. in Putman Township. Here again he numbered among the pioneers, and in 186G, having lost his wife, he came and made his liome with our subject until he died at the age of ninety-seven. He was a member of the Baptist Church and his remains rest in the cemetery at Cuba. He was drafted into the war of 1812, but was never c:Uicd into service. He married Miss Elizabetii Attn, who was born in Allegheny Count}', Pa. She lived to be about sixty-seven 3'ears old and at the time of her death was a faithful member of the Presbyterian Church. To their union were born nine cluldren, viz: Ira A., Matilda, Lucinda, Abigal, Sarah, Henry, Susan, Anna, and Jennie, who died in infancj'. Our subject remained at home until after reach- ing his tvventj'- fourth year and attended the schools in ins neighborhood ; they were subscription schools where each pupd paid $1.50 tuiiion, and were nat- urally witliout the improvements that liave since been made in educational matters. He worked on a farm during the summer and at an earl}' age developed a great fondness for agricultural pur- suits. When twenty-four years of age lie married Miss Rebecca Neff, tlie ceremonj' taldng place on January 19, 1836. Miss Neff was born in Shenan- doah Countj', Va., and was a daugliter of Christian Neff, who was also a native of A^irginia and a far- mer and rope-maker by occupation. Our subject, after selling out his property, came to Fulton County, settling in Liverpool Township, having made the trip b}' wagon and being five weeks on the road. After his arrival he entered one hundrel and sixty acres of land in section 6, and spent several years clearing it up. He bnilt a rude log cabin sucii as were common to those pio- neer days, and worked faithfully and well to im- prove liis proi)erty. To Mr. and Mrs. Kuykendall have been born three children, viz: ChristianN, Anna A. Mrs. Rob- erts, who is dead; and INIary Electa Jane. Mrs. Phil- lijis. They are both members of the Baptist Church and have been married for over fifty 3'ears and have celebrated their golden wedding. Our subject is a member of the Democratic party and has served as Township Commissioner for several terms. He is a prosperous man,and one much liked throughout this community for his sterling worth and integrity. -^^ R. REAMER A. SAUNDERS, a wealthy and popular citizen of Avon, was for many \'ears one of the foremost physicians in this county; his learning, hie extensive knowledge of medicine, and iiis marked success In the skillful treatment of disease in its various forms placing him at the head of his profession. After an active practice of thirty-five years he was obliged to retire on account of an injury he received that in- capacitated him for the further exercise of his noble calling. Besides attending to his duties as a phy- sician the Doctor has been identified with the agri- cultural interests of this part of the State as a farmer and druggist, and he has been greatly pros- pered as a business man, has acquired wealth, is a large owner of real-estate, and is one of the leading men of Fulton County in financial as well as in social circles. Abraham and Sarah (Kimes) Saunders, parents of our subject, were among the early settlers of the county, locating In what Is now known as Farming- ton in the fall of 1834, and their names will ever be cherished among those of the honored pioneers of Illinois who aided in laying the solid foundation of its prosperity and present high standing as one of the first States of the Union. Dr. Saunders was a boy of tliirtecn wlien became with his father and mother from the place of his 478 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. birtli in Meigs Conntj', Oiiio, where lie was born May 8, 1821. amid |)ioneer surroundings. He as- sisted liis father in the work of developing the tract of wild prairie in P'armington Townsliip iiHo a well-itnprovL'd farm, woriving hard on the old homestead until he was twenty-one, witli seldom ever a holiday to break tlie monotony of a farmer's life. In his boyhood da^ys his education was only such as the district schools afforded, and he had an intense desire to increase it. having scholarl}' tastes and being a lover of books, and after he attained his majority he proceeded to gratify his ambition. He first took one term of an academic course at Galesburg, and then returning to his native Ohio, lie attended the Gallopolis Academy one terra. Wishing to enter the medical profession, for which he had a natural taste, he returned to his home in Farmington. and in the winter of 1843-'44, read medicine with Dr. Christie. After that he had the benefit of one term of lectures in the State Univer- sity of St. Louis, Mo., in the winter of 1844-'45. Coming back to this county, he pursued his studies in Canton under the instruction of Dr. Davidson, remaining with him until the spring of 1846. He then entered upon his career as a [thysieian, estab- lishing himself at Greenbush, in Warren County. He did not, however, abandon his studies, although a steadily growing practice kept him quite busy, and in the winter of 1848-'49 he again became a student in the University of St. Louis, where he at- tended an advanced course of lectures and received his dii}lonia. He resumed his practice in Green- bush, but he still thirsted for greater knowledge of his profession, and in 18.55 he went to New York to avail himself of the supeiior advantages to be de- rived in studying under the eminent pliysicians that were connected with the L'niversity of Medi- cine in that city, avd he gained great profit by at- tendance at a course of lectures in that institution. The Doctor continued to administer relief to the sick people of Greenbush and the surrounding country until the fall of 1859. and having been successful financiall}' as well as otherwise, he then invested some of his funds in a farm in Berwick Township. Warren County, and taking up his abode thereon, combined farming with his practice, which he had wished to abandon, but his old neighbors and patients would not allow Lira to do so. such was their confidence in his skill and learning. In August, 1861, he offered his services to his country, enlisting in Company E, Thirty-third Illinois In- fantry, under Col. Hovey. The Thirty- third was known as the "Normal Regiment," as it was com- posed almost entirely of students and professionals. Our subject did noble work while he was connected with the ariri3% but the hardships and privations that he had to endure undermined his health, and at the end of five months' service he was discharged on account of disabilit}-. After he left the army Dr. Saunders returned to his farm, and in 1872 took up his residence in Avon, and in 1873 he made a six months' tour of England. Scotland, France, Belgium, and Holland. On re- turning he bought a stock of drugs and opened a store in Avon in connection with his practice. He managed it for about a j'ear, and at the expira- tion of that time moved to Galesburg in January, 1876. In the winter of 187S-'79 he went to the South. In the following spring he located on one of his farms in Warren County, on which he lived two years, and then once more returned to dwell in Avon. In the spring of 1881 he received an in- jury, which precluded his further practice of his profession. In the spring of 1885 our subject took a new depariure, and we find him pleasantly situated in Riverside, Cal., where he became extensively inter- ested in orange culture, setting out an orange grove of fire jicres, which he had in bearing in three years. In the spring of 1890 he revisited Avon temporarily to superintend the erection of a fine residence, to cost about $5,000, in which he intends to make his home summers, while he will continue to pass his winters in California. He is a man of high personal standing, being well known and hon- cred throughout this anti other counties. He is a gentleman of wide experience and varied informa- tion, and his wit, his geniality, and other pleasant social qualities make liim a favorite in social circles wherever he m.ay be. In politics he is a Republi- can, but has never allowed the use of his name for office. Dr. Saunders is happy in his domestic relations, as bj- his marriage in the month of November, 1846, PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 479 with Miss Mary Ann Kirkpatrick, lie secured the companionsliip of^one who fills in a p(M'fec't meas- ure the [lositioiis of wife, mother and friend. Their union has been blessed by the birth of three chil- dren, two of whom are dead. Their daughter, Juliet was born in 1848 and died in infancy; Sarah ftlariiida, born in 1850, luarried in 1870, and died in 187'J, in the month of April, leaving one son. Her husband, Robert;Johnson, died in 188.5. One daughter, Clara E., born February ^7, 1854, remains '"to comfort the declining years of iier jjarents. The family are valued members of the Methodist Epis- copal Church. ) EORG E B. ROLLER, is a practical and wide- awake business man of Canton, and is a brick manufacturer of some prominence throughout this county. His birth occurred at Allegheny City, Pa., February 21, 1855, he being the son of Matthew and Susan'(Bronson ) Roller. Our subject has lived in Canton since he was two years of age, receiving his education in the High School of this city. He partially learned the black- smith trade from his father, and then took a posi- tion in the Parlin & Orcndorff manufacturing establishment. Naturally this position at first, when he commenced to work in 1872 was but a poor one, but in a short time he became an expert in the manufacture of plows. He continued his connection with this firm until 1889, at that date starting to manufacture brick jnst outside of the city limits of Canton, and at the termination of Illinois Street. Mr. Roller is the sole proprietor of his business, and even from the start met with marked success, and as the months passed by his trade continued to increase, until at present time he works a large force and is doing a first-class busi- ness. The subject of our sketch married Miss Juliet Palmer, a native of Canton, and daughter of Henry and Amanda A. (Talmage) Pajmer. Mrs. Roller's parents were formerly from New York, and num- ber among the oldest residents in this county. Mr. and Mrs. Roller were married on March 27, 1877, and to them^have been born two children, viz: Henry P. and Ethel M. Mrs. '[Roller is a member of tliejRebecca SDegree of |^Odd. Fellows. Mr. Roller is an Odd^Fcliow, and a'member of the Olive Branch Lodge, and Star Encampment. He is one of the brightest and^most active members of tiiis order. At the present time he is Alderman for the First Ward of Canton, and held the same position in 1885. Our subjectCis turning out ten thousand brick per day, and having worked up to all the[]different branches of his business is well qualified to achieve unlimited success in this line. Our subject's father was born at Baden Baden, Germany in 1824 and emigrated to America while quite a young man, and after reaching this country settled in Allegheny City, Pa., where he worked as a blacksmith for a number of years. The mother of our subject was Miss Susan Bronson, previous to her marriage and was born in the State of Ohio in 1829. They settled in Canton in 1857 and through the passing 3'ears have continued to make this their home, the father working at his trade until the last six or seven years, during which time he moved to the country. However, he had re- turned to the citj' previous to his death which occurred in March 1884 — his wife dying in August the same year. Our subject's parents had live chil- dren, viz: Anna Mary, wife of Lee N. Gillett, of Canton; our subject; Joseph; John Albert, who died in infancy, and Laura, who resides in Canton. Mr. Roller's career up to the present time has been a most successful and deserving one, and his prospects for the future are indeed bright and promising. ¥ ILLIAM R. CLARK, an old resi' emigrated to America about thirty-five j'ears ago. They are now living in Box Butte County, Neb., and have accumulated considerable property. The father served nine j'ears and six months in the Prussian arinj'. The birth of our subject took place in Peoria County, November 3, 18G1. He acquired a good practical education in the common schools, and entered upon his career in life, well equipped with industrious habits, useful knowledge and good principles of living. In politics be is a Republican. ^$7 "^ie^^ZZ^ PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 4 S3 On January 30, 1883, he took for a helpmate and companion Miss Nellie V., daughter of Jolin and Mary Scovil, early settlers of Peoria Count}'. Mr. and Mis. Wiesner have one child, Claude Leroy, born September 2, 1886. Mr. and Mrs. Scovil were natives of New York and Ohio, respectively. ,ETER YERGER CUSTER. Among the citi- zens who have contributed their quota to- ward the development of our native land, and who, by patience and perseverance have made America what it is, may be properly men- tioned this gentleman, who is well known for his integrity as a citizen and his public si)irit as a pa- triot. He was for many years an active and suc- cessful farmer in Fulton Township, and carried on his o])erations with more than ordinary thrift and sagacity. He became prosperous in the pursuit of his calling, establishing what was considered one of the model farms of the count\-, and when old age came upon him he was enabled to retire to a comfortable home in Canton, where he lives, re- spected and esteemed. ISIr. Custer was born in Montgomery County, near what is now the village of Trajjpe, Pa.. Jnly 31, 1818. His father, Jacob V. Custer, was born in the same county, Februar}- 5, 1890. His grand- father, whose given name was Peter, was also a na- tive of that county, and was of Low Dutch descent. He was born November 20, 1761. The mother of our subject was Catherine (Yerger) Custer, and she was born in Mo>itgomery Countj-, Pa., Decem- ber 13, 1795, and ditd March 14, 1869. Her father bore the name of David Yerger. She became the mother of five children, three sons and two daugh- ters, namely: David Y. ; Rebecca Y., wife of Jacob Rambo; Peter, of whom we write; Jacob Y., deceased; Catherine, who married John Nace and is now deceased. Our subject was the second son and third child in the family and was reared in his native village, receiving his education in its schools, which he at- tended until he was twenty years old. He also attended a boarding school at Trappe. the princi- pal of which was the Rev. Henry S. Rhodenbaugh. After leaving school, he turned his attention to teaching, and for several years successfully fol- lowed that profession and also gave lectures on as- tronomy one winter. Subsequently he opei'ated a woolen mill in the village of Parker's Ford. Ches- ter County, Pa., for seven years, then farmed for a time. In the spring of 1857, having resolved to come West, Mr. Custer sought Canton, where he resided for one year. Then buying' a farm, four miles northwest of tiial city, he managed tin; eighty acres of which it consisted for twenty years. He gave his attention principally to raising hogs and corn for the market. In the meantime, he placed his land under a high state of cultivation, erecting substantial and convenieirtly arranged buildings; everything about the i)lace betokened the industi'y and thrift of the owner. Apropos of this it may be mentioned that Mr. Custer, in 1872, was awarded first premium for the best conducted farm in Fulton County. It contained eighty acres of well-tilled land. In 1877 Mr. Custer sold his farm to his son-in- law, Joseph Thornborrow. and retired to his pleas- ant home in Canton. His career throughout his life, as a gentleman and a citizen, and in all the relations he has sustained towards others, h.ns shown him to be possessed of an honorable charac- ter. His honesty and integrit}' have never been questioned and he is highly esteemed by the entire community. Religiously, he is a member of tiie Lutheran Church, to which his first wife belonged for fifty years prior to her death. In politics he is a stanch Republican, and is always willing to work for his friends and anxious to see them successful when nominated. He cast his first Presidential vote for William Henry Harrison, and fifty j'ears later had the pleasure of voting for that illustrious President's grandson. Mr. Custer has been twice married. In Septem ber, 1842, he was united in marriage with Mijs Hannah B. Albright, of Berks County, Pn., a daughter of Jacob K. Albright, and a sister of Dr. Albright, formerly of Canton. She was born in 1817 and died in Canton in June, 1.S87. Of her 484 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. marriage six children are living, namelj'': Emanuel A.; Emma A., wife of Joseph Thornbonow; Jacob A., a resident of Washington County, Iowa; David H. A., deceased; Peter A., a resident of Pike County, III.; Catherine, who married James P. Miller, of this county, and Henry A., a moulder of Canton. Mr. Custer was married to his present wife Sep- tember 20, 1888. She was formerly Ellenor M. AVebb, of Canton, and was the widow of William A. Webb, and a daughter of Henry and Maria Johnson. Her father was a native of the cit}' of New Haven, Conn., and her mother was born in Greenwich, near Albany. N. Y. Mrs. Custer was born, reared and educated in the same State as her mother, and is universally esteemed for her many excellent traits of character. A lithograijhie portrait of Mr. Custer is shown in connection with this brief biographical sketch. ^, TEPHEN A. KELLY, a son of a well- known and highly respected i)ioneer, John B. Kelly, and a native of this county, is one of its most progressive and popular citi- zens, and is an intelligent and efficient civic official. He is prominently identified with the farming interests of Orion Township, where he is ablj' managing his extensive agricultural inter- ests on his father's finely improved farm on section 1 1, which the latter purchased half a century ago, and developed by bard and persistent labor into one of the choicest estates in this localitv. The father of our subject was born in Cattarau- gus County, N. Y., February .6, 1820. His first marriage was in 1840, to Miss Elizabeth Smith, who died in 1841 leaving no children. He was married the second time to R.acliael Proctor, of McLean County, 111., tiieir union taking place February 19, 1842. She was born April 24. 1821. Mr. Kelly had come to Orion Township in tiie spring of 1840, :ind purchased the farm on which he resided wiih his family until his death. August 10. 1890. He w.as very much ])rospered ir. his pioneer labors and accumulated a comfortable properlj-. For many years he took an active part in public affairs, but transmitted to his son Stephen, our subject, that interest formerly held by himself, .as he was in very feeble health, he having been severely injured in the Chatsworth disaster, August 10, 1887, hav- ing been one of that large part3' of excursionists that started from Peoria to visit Niagara Falls. He was one of the original Republicans of this State and voted for Fremont, was ver^' active in aiding to raise troops for the late war, and gave two of his sons to the service. He was intrusted with all the numerous township offices at some period of his residence in the township, and wiis v.ak!ed very highlj- in his civic capacity. Hy their marriage John B. and Rachael Kelly became the parents of fourteen children, as follows: Elizabeth, born September 14, 1844. married John W. Tyndall, Februarj' 13. 1868, and lives in Orion Township; Nelson, born December 25, 1845. mar- ried Sophia Bitts and lives in Peoria Count}-; Alonzo, born Februarj- 10, 1847. enlisted in Com- pany £, Twelfth Illinois Cavalr}, and died at Baton Rouge, La., February 1, 1864; AVilliam, born April 15, 1848, lives in Pekin; Jennie, born September 12, 1849, married Walter Eagles and lives in Orion Township; Hannah, born November 14, 1850, married Mark Bowton, and died January 8, 1872; Hanson, born August 29, 1852, married Alice Richardson and lives on the homestead ; Alice, born November 6, 1853, married F. Rice, December 12, 1872, and lives in Orion Township; Stephen A., born November 26, 1856, married Lyde Kleffman January 21. 1888, who died November 20, 1 889, leaving one daughter, Lj'de; John F., born Sep- tember 3, 1857, married Alice Bell and lives in Orion Township; Orren, born December 7, 1859, died in infancy; Cassia A., born January 8, 18GU, married Lemuel R. Vandeventer, and lives in Orion Township; Emma, born August 15, 1862, died August 22, 1866; Warren, born July 6, 186J. mar- ried Annie Duffield and lives in Peoria. Stephen A. Kelly, of this sketch, was reared and educated in this county, and early adopted the calling to which he bad been bred. In 1883 he went to Dakota, and there he engaged in stock-rais- ing and w.as quite successful financially. He sub- sequeutl}' returned to Orion Township, and is now PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. ■4H5 managing his father's valuable faini on section U. This comprises three hundred and twenty acres, and is amply supi)lied with substantial and conven- iently arranged buildings, and all the appurte- nances of a flrst-class farm. Mr. Kelly is a true, courteous gentleman, con- siderate and genial in his intercourse with others, and a general favorite among his associates. In business matters he is wide-awake and keen, and is judicious and fair in his dealings. His character ami capability eminently fit him for positions of trust and honor, and he is following in his father's foot- steps as a public otlicial. He represents Orion Township on the County Board of Supervisors, and the fact that the township is a Democratic stronghold, yet he, a stanch Republican, was elec- ted by a majority of fifty-one, demonstrates his popularity. (^^HOMAS OFFICER CAMRON. Those in- ,fcj^. terested in pioneer experiences would derive Vi^' much pleasure from conversation with this gentleman who well remembers many incidents of frontier life in this county. His father, James Camron, is a native of Kentucky, whence he came to White Couut3' when but a child. He married Elizabeth, daughter of Joel Harrell, a Kentuckian and a slaveholder, who on removing to what was then the Territory of Illinois brought slaves with hira. The m;irriage of this couple was probably the first celebrated in Cass Township. Their first home was near Smithfield where their first-born, our suliject, opened his eyes to the light February 1H.1828. His parents had eleven children, nine of whom lived to maturitj'. The mother entered into rest in 1872 and the father subsequently contracted a second marriage. AVhen our subject was about six years old his parents removed to a farm near Bcrnadotte, being accompanied liy his uncles, Tliomas and John. The latter had begun building a mill which was the starting point of the town, and was the first water- mill on Spoon River. He, of whom we write, dis- tinctly remembers the journey hither and that, the river being up, the goods were brought across in an Indian dugout while the men were obliged to swim and drive their stock. A cabin was built in the brush from which their land extended on to •the prairie to the south. This part of the farm was soon placed under cultivation, and by the aid of their cattle, of which the}- owned a consideral)le number, the brush was soon killed around the house. The stock grazed about at will aiui Mrs. Camron was in the habit of sprinkling salt about in the brush when the dew was on to induce the animals to graze there and so tramp down the bushes. The sod of the prairie was turned b}' a plow with a wooden moldboard, drawn by an ox-team, and the tract upon which our subject now lives is one of the first pieces subdued from its primitive wildness. Mr. Camron i-emembers an Indian scare which was occasioned by a settler named Welsh who lived some five miles northwest, passing Mr. Cam- ron's yelling and comporting Irimself in a savage manner, thus giving the impression that the rod men were in the neighborhood. On another occa- sion Indians had camjied in the vicinity, and refus- ing to leave when ordered to do so were set upon with hickory switches and whiijped awaj'. AVhile the home of our subject's |iarents was near Smith- field there was an unusual fall of snow wlsich is distinctly recalled by Mr. Camron. His father was gettuig in wood by hitching the horse to a "drag" and starting him homeward in a place which he had broken down somewhat in the snow. The wife would unhitch the horse and start him back to her husband, in this way saving his passage to and fro in the drifts. He of whom we write, received his education in an old log sehoolhouse about two miles from his home, his text books being Webster's Speller and a [jaddle, and during the latter part of his ,attend- ance, a geogra|>hv'. He lived on the home farm until he was twenty-two years old, when he was united in marriage with Miss MaryC. Ellis, entered a prairie farm in Boone County, Iowa, and estab- lished his home there. Mrs. Camron is a daughter of Solomon H. Ellis, one of the olil settlors in While County, where she was born and lived to the age of eighteen years. She belongs to a famil\' which 486 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. is of the Dunkaid religion. She has borne her hus- band nine chihlien, two of whom died it! infanc}'. The survivors are Joel Franklin, Permclia J., Emma A., Ellen, Eiios A., William II. and Alice S. The oldest of these has a wife and three children and is uow farming in Calhoun Count}', Iowa. Per- nielia is the wife of J. F. Harrold, of Farmers Township, and Ellen, the wife of M. Diinblazier.also a farmer in this township. The others arc unmar- ried and still reside under the parental roof. The Iowa home of our suliject was about sev- enty miles from ,S|)irit Lake where the massacre took place in 1.S47, the section at the lime of his residence being quite on the frontier. When the war luoke out Jlr. Camron returned to his native State with the intention of leaving- his family at home and going into the arm}'. His people, how- ever, were so set .-^gainst his intention that he finally abandoned it and settled, selling his Iowa land and buying about two miles north of his present resi- dence. There he remained twelve years, then traded for about eleven hundred acres in Arkan- sas Couut}', Ark., where he made his home three years. He then returned to this county, traded a part of his land for a farm of one hundred acres in Bernaiilotte Township, near the village, upon the corporation line of which the tract corne'S. The most of this property is under a fine state of culti- vation, but our subject makes his home on his fa- ther's homestead in order to keep it in proper condition. Although favoring Democratic views in the main, Mr. Camron is not so radical a party man as many of his associates. He has never been an of- fice-holder, finding sufficient occupation in his per- sonal affairs, the quiet duties of citizenship and the pleasures of social and domestic life. present sketch is a man whose history it is ^!^EORGE W. DOBSON. The subject of our '^^41 a pleasure to place in our At.iiuM. from the fact that his success in life is an aihnirable example to the younger members of our society, and be- cause a record of his faithful and courageous ser- vice during the late war cannot fail to be of interest to the genejal reader. He was horn in Woodland Township, July 23, 1845, being a son of Joseph Dobson. Our suhjoct's father was a native of Kentucky, but came to this |)lace in 1830, making the trip by means of a flalboat down tiie Ohio River to the mouth of the Mississippi, and coming up that river and the Illinois River landed at Point Isabel, being one of the first settlers here. He came in 1833 and took up one hundred and sixty acres of Gov- ernment land. The country was very wild and the land Covered with heavy timber and he was com- pelled to content himself with a lude log cabin while he cleared the land preparatory to farming. He next moved to Woodland Township where he bought one hundred and sixty acres of land on section 1. He lived there until the spring of 1805 at which time his death occurred. He served in the Mexican War for one year and was discharged at Comargo, Mexico, on account of disabilitj-. He was at one time a Whig and afterward a member of the Republican party. lie married Miss Eliza- beth Shealds, who was born in Corydon, Ind. She lived to be sixty-eight years of age, and was the mother of ten children, eight of whom grew to maturity, viz.: Martha. William M.. James V., John M., Anna, Mrs. Rancaus, Martin K., George W., Ellen, Hardin, and Winfleld S. Mr. Dobson was reared on a farm and like the majority of boys at that daj-, attended school through the winter and worked on tlie farm through the summer. When only eighteen 3'ears of age he enlisted in the army August 23. 1863, in Company K, Sixteenth Illinois Cavalr}^ and was sent to Cov- ington, and then through the Cumberland Moun- tains and was at the siege of Knoxville. Tenn. He was captured at Jonesville, ^'a.. in January. 1864, and was taken on foot bare-footed, to Lynchburg, and then to Richmond, where he was placed in prison for four weeks, and then sent to Anderson- vdle Prison where he reniained another four weeks. He, with other prisoners, flanked out and went to Richmond, where he was taken sick and sent to a hospital. He was i)aroled and sent to Annapolis and in August was sent home. In October, 1864, he returned to his regiment and was in Hood's PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 487 cam|)aign avouiiil Nashville until 1865, ari'l was discliarged on August, 25, of that year at Nashville, In 1874 he came here and settled, renting land in Isaliel Township where he lived until 1878 and then moved to Kerton Tovvnship, taking possession of the eighty acres of land which his wife's fatlier had given her in that tovvnship. The subject of our sketcli was married November 4, 1874, to Miss Mary E. Brown, daughter of Jacob Brown, whose sketch appears elsewhere in this Al- BU5(. To this marriage were horn three children, viz.: Lnliend E., Freddy, and John M. Mr. Dob- stni is in sympathy with the Republican party and is largely interested in all public measures that promise to benefit the community in which he resi is a Democrat. I7rER CRICK, farmer and stock-raiser of Pleasant Township, is the subject of the present sketch, and is a native of Perry County, Pa., liavinsj been born there on the 29th of .lune, 1817. His jjarents, Jolin and Margaret (Troutner) Crick, were also natives of Pennsylvania, and his pateinal ancestors were of German extraction. Mr. Crick, at the age of ten years removed with liis parents to Ohio, and in that State passed bis boyhood and youth. He received only a moderate education, owing to the imperfect educational fa- cilities of those days, aud at an early age learned farm work, and so fitted himself to be through af- ter life a successful agriculturist. Our subject was married in Ohio in 1841, to Miss Elizabeth Fulker. This union was blessed with eight children, five of whom are now living, viz: Samuel, who resides in Pleasant Township; Jo- siah, who lives in Marshall County, Kan. ; Emeline, wife of Lester Shago, of Pleasant Township; John, who makes his home in Pleasant Township; and Anna, wife of Allen Lovell, of Marshall County, Kan. Mr. Crick was called upon to sustain the sad loss of his wife in 18()1, and was again married in Ohio, in 1862, this time to Mrs. Elizabeth Black, widow of Frederick Black, of Miami County, Ohio. In that county Mrs. Crick was born on the 24th of September, 1827, being the daughter of Jacob and Mary Yerty, natives of Pennsylvania and Ohio, respectively. To our subject and his wife have been born two children, one of whom, Jacob, is living in Pleasant Townsliip, and the other, Miranda, is dead. After coming to the State of Illinois, Mr. Crick for a short time resided in McDonough County, where he devoted his attention to farming. He then re- moved to Iowa County, Iowa, but after one }"ear returned to McDonough County, ami finally at the expiration of a year settled in Fulton County. Those earl}' d.ays were fraught with much that is amusing to remember, but that was very hard at the time. Many were the jirivations both for hus- band and wife, and tiie Biblical instruction was car- ried out, the wife being iu reality the helpmate in affairs both great and small. Mr. and Mrs. Crick are identified with the Dunk- ard Church, and are held in the Inghest possible esteem by all who know them. He is indeed a self-made man, and one who undoubtedly has achieved unusual success both in business and so- cial circles, having a comfortable fortune, and a host of friends. His estate embraces eighty-three acres of fine farming land under good cultivation. Mrs. Crick had by her first marriage with Frederick Black, five children, three of whom are living, viz: Andrew, in Pleasant Township; John W., Ipava, 111.; and Mar}', wife of W. A. R. Lowell, of Ipava; Jacob and Aaron are dead. We are gratified to represent such popular people as Mr. Crick and his wife, iu our Album, and realize fully that to such citizens the glory of Fulton County's progress is largely due. JrinTi :|pj|: lliixi c ■FERDINAND WEIRATHER, a well-to-do farmer, resident of Lewistown Township, was born in Baden, Germany, in January, 1825. His father, Francis Joseph Weirather, was a native of the same place. He was a shoemaker by trade, and spent his entire life in the Fatherland. He was a descendant of an ancient famil}' that emigrated from Italy to Germany during the Roman conquest. I>rdinand was the only son of his father, and was very young when the latter died. He was cared for by his mother and stepfather and receiyed a sound education in the schools of his native land. A 490 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. which he attended until he was fourteen years old. At that age he was apprenticed to learu the trade of a cabinet-maker at which he served two and one- half years. At the expiration of that time, as was then the custom, he traveled and worked in differ- ent cities in Germany the ensuing three years. He was ambitious to better his condition and in March, 1846, emigrated to America to find what life held for him here. He went first to Liverpool, England, and from there set sail on a vessel hound for these shores and landed at New York after a vo^'age of thirty-five days. A stranger in a strange land who could not talk the language of its people and with- out money, our suliject was in a forlorn condition wdien he arrived. But witli good courage he set out to find work, and soon obtained employment at his trade in the city. He remained in New York two 3'ears, and tlien went to New Orleans. After a short stay there he ascended the Mississippi River to Quincy and worked there for a lime. He tlien boarded a steamer bound for Peoria, but on his arrival at that place he vvas disappointed to find it a much smaller village than he expected, so he did not land but kept on to Peru, and thence went by canal to Chicago. That city was not then a very large town and though he could get work there he could not get his pay in cash, but had to take it in orders on a store. That did not suit him so he concluded to go further eastward and jjuslied on to Buffalo by the way of the Lakes and then by rail- r(.iad and Hudson River, and anally found him.self once again in New York City. He secured em- ployment in a piano factory and remained there until 1855. In that year our subject I'cturned to Illinois, ami for one year worked at his trade in Peoria. During that time he visited Fulton County, and bought the farm where he now resiilcs which is pleasantlj- lo- cated on section G, Lewistown Township. He set- tled on the place in I85() and has since made his home here. His f;irm is one of the choice farms of the township, is under excellent cultivation and is provided with neat and widl-built frame buildings and ever3-thing for carrying on agriculture advan- tageously. Mr. Weirather has proved as capable a farmer ai he has shown himself to be a skilled mechanic, and has been well prospered in his agricultural ventures. He is a man of solid virtues, sensible and thoughtful in his views, and in him and his wife the P>aptlst Church finds two Christian mem- bers. Mr. Weirather was married in 1850 to Nathalie Weidensee, a native of Saxony, Germany. Thev have been eminently hai)[)y in their domestic rela- tions and have been blessed by ten children: Fer- dinand, Edward .J., Herman, Amelia, Charles, Mar}-, Ida, George, Sidney and Harrie, all living. EP^ /^EORGE KEEFAUVER. On section 36, in III (=• the southeast corner of Joshua Township, '^^/^ lies a pleasant, finely tilled, and well-im- [H'oved farm, which is the property of our subject. He has been a resident of this countv for nearl}' forty years, and has aided in the pioneer labors that have brought it to its present condition. Mr. Keefauver is a native of Maryland, and was born in Washington County, in December, 1816. In the prime of early manhood, he went from his early home to Preble County, Ohio, and was a pio- neer of that region. In the year 1851, he left the Buckeye Si.'ite to lake up his residence on the prai- ries of Illinois. He then bought sixty-seven acres of his present farm in Joshua Township, and has since added to it until it comprises eighty acres of as choice farming land as is to be found in this part of the county. The land is valued at §75 per acre. He has erected on it a fine set of farm buildings, and everything aliout the place is well ordered, and betokens the care of a neat, thrifty and capable owner. He has accumulated his property b}' down- right hard labor, by that wise economy that knows how to spend as well as to save, and bj- the exer- cise of sound judgment in his dealings. His place is among the most respected citizens of Joshua Township, and his honesty and uprightness in all the affairs of life have gained for him the confi- dence of the entire community. He is a Repub- lican in politics, and voted for Benjami'i Harrison for President. Mr. Keefauver h.as been twice married. Novem- ■x^-w^iu.v^.^.-^,:: -■: RE5iDENceoF GEORGE Keefauver, Sec.36 . JoshuaTp. Fulton Co. III. Residence of D.M. Higgins, 5ec.25. Deerfield Tp Fulton Co. III. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 493 ber 15, 1838, he was werldedto Miss Lizzie Miller, near Wincliester, Oliio. After nearly fori}' years spent together, their peaceful and happy married life was brought to a close by Mrs. Keefauver's death, May 16, 1878. Mv. Kecfauver vvas married to his present estimable wife, formerly Malissa Parker, February 13, 1879, in Fulton County, 111. She is a sinceie Christian, and a member of the Methodist Kpiscoi)al Church. On another page the reader will notice a view of tliefine farm of Mr. Keefauver, including the resi- dence and other substantial buildings. ANIEL M. IIIGGINS. Although this gentleman is still quite a young man, he has become well-known as a successful farmer, who pursues the most approved metliods in the management of his estate, keeping it above par in its improved and orderly appear- ance, and making of it an attractive as well as re- munerative piece of proi)ert_y. He is also held in good repute as an honest, upright man and citizen, wlio, although not a mrmber of any religious or- ganization, is a libera! contributor to the church and all good causes. The parents of our subject, Hiram Higgins and Elizabeth Baughman, were married February 14, 1844, and took up their residence in Cass Town- ship, this county. The mother liad lieen born in that township December 10, 1828, and the father had opened his eyes to the light in Kentucky, March 4, 1820. They occupied a farm in the town- ship mentioned until the death of the husband, Oc- tober 27, 1883. The widow remained at the old home two years, then took up her residence with her daughter, Mrs. Ellen Landis, with whom she still makes her home. Our subject was born October 25, 1852, being the fourth son in a family that included seven sons and two daughters. He received his education in the district schools of his native township, and re- sided under the parental roof until his marriage, which was solemnized December 20, 1883. He then established his own home on the homestead. remaining there until the 1st of March, 1889, when he took possessio i of his present place of abode. The property purchased by Mr. Higgins. con- sists of two hundred and forty acres on section 25, Deerfield Township, upon which the various im- provements had been made that make it a desirable place of residence. The dwelling is a, two-story brick structure, well built, and designed with a view to the comfort of the occupants, the main part being 18x36 feet, with an "L"' of the s.une size. It contains eight large rooms with porches, etc., and has pleasant surroundings. The barn is 36x40 feet, with an immense shed attaclied 16x80 feet in size, affording adequate shelter for a large number of animals, and much fodder. The charming woman who has the oversight over the home and household affairs, was formerl}' Miss Sarah E. Heller. She was born in Deerfield Town- ship, September 17, 1858, to worthy parents who gave her a good education and home care. Her father, John .1. Heller, was born in Ashland County, Ohio, and died March 29, 1879, at the age of forty- nine years. Her mother, Lydia (Zimmerman) Heller, who is still living, is a native of Deerfield Township. Mr. and Mrs. Higgins have three lit- tle sons: Howard C, born September 25, 1884; Charles M., June 6, 188C, and Boyd V., January 31, 1890. Mr. Higgins takes no active part in pt>litical work other than to deposit a Democratic ballot upon elec- tion day. He evinces no desire for public office, but served satisfactorily as Collector in Cass Town- ship. He is a member of South Fiatt Grange. No. 1644. The reader will notice on another pigc, a view of the pleasant homestead of Mr. Higgins. jEV. MARCELLUS T. COOPER. Looking r upon the present prosperity of P'ulton County and Pleasant Township, it is almost impossi- ble to realize that only a few years ago the country around here was little more than a wilder- ness with a heavy growth of timber and thick shrubs. Strange what energy and perseverance can accomplish, luid how man in a brief s[)ace of 494 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. time can" transform a spot where Nature runs riot into a most liabital)le and attractive business center. Among the early settlers of this place, and of those who underwent all the privations and hardships in- cident to pioneer life, were Levin and E'eanor Cooper, natives of Maryland and Delaware re- spectively. The)' reached Fultou County and for a time settled in the vicinity of Vermont, but afterward came to Pleasant Township, settling on section 21. Everything was in a crude state, and their dwelling place was :■. small log cabin but they worked faithfully and constantly to improve the land and bring about a happier state of affairs. The fatlier was an exceedingly kind hearted man besides possessing much ability and was enabled thus to be of much benefit to the community. His popularity was great and at different times he held public offices, being for a number of 3'ears Justice of llie Peace, and afterward Constable. His politi- cal sympathies were at one tiiae with the Whigs, but he later became a member of the Republican parly. Mr. Cooper died on the 28th of -luly, 1863, his death being caused b}' a runaway horse. His widow still resides at the old homestead, though in lur eightieth year. To them were born twelve cliildren, of whom the following are living: Mary E., wife of .1. Rutledge. of Keokuk, Iowa; Mar- garet, now Mrs. William Robinson, of Smithfield, 111.; Irena F., wife of N. R. Knowles, of Pleasant Township; William H., who makes his home in lawa; Serepta, wife of J. W. Weese, of Lewistown Township; Theresa, who lives in Pleasant Town- sliip; and Marcellus T., the subject of our sketch; Christopher T., of Havana. III.; K. Perry, and Phil- etus II., both of Pleasant Township. Marcellus Cooper was born in Fulton County on the 10th of June, 1846, and here grew to manhood, receiving only a common school education. He enlisted in the Civil War on the 24th of March, 1864, in Company H, Twentj'- eighth Illinois In- fantry, and became a part of the Army of the Gulf under Gen. Canby. He was in the siege of Spanish Fort, and spent most of the time in garrison duty, spending nine months in Texas and nine months in Mississippi. He was honorably discharged at Brownsville, in the "Lone Star" Stale, on March 17, 1866, and returned to Illinois. Mr. Cooper was married October 28, 1869, to Miss Artha Littleton, a native of Fulton County, and daughter of W. A. and A. J. Littleton. Her birth occurreii May 24, 1852, and she was the eldest of the five children born to her parents. Those living at the present date are: Mrs. Cooper; Su- sanna, who lives in Colorado, and Ella, wife of Samuel Bassford, of Colorado. To our subject and his wife has been born one son, William T., whose birth occurred September 12, 1870. Mr. Cooper owns one hundred and twenty acres of fine farming land. For the [jast thirteen j-ears he has been engaged in ministerial work, and at the present writing is pastor ot the Christian Church at New Howard, this State. In politics he is in sympathy with the Republican party, and 'as an intelligent and kindly Christian man has won many warm friends. GEORGE HUNT SWITZER. The journal- (^— , istie profession is one of such a peculiar ^j nature, so complicated in its literary and business channels, that to call a man an editor has become equivalent to saying that he is apt in speech, acute in perception and well versed in miud. In this age of the world an uneducated man c.innot conduct a paper even in what migiit be called the "backwoods," and much less in the midst of an en- lightened community, who demand that their local papers shall be spicy, news^- and readable. All these characteristics are true of the London Times, a weekly pai)er edi',.ed by the subject of this bio- graphical notice. Mr. Switzer is a grandson of William Switzer. who was born in Clermont County, Ohio, and be- came a farmer there. He made an early settlement in the Hoosier State, whence he came to Illinois in 1843, locating in Chestnut Township, Knox County. He pursued his vocation of agriculture until his death in that township. In politics he was a Repub- lican, and in religion a believer in the doctrines laid down in the creed of the Methodist Episcopal Church. John AV. Switzer, the father of our sub- ject, was born in Indiana, near Covington, but PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 495 reared in Knox County, this State, from tlie age of eii> lit years. He adopted the calling of his father and became the owner of a good funn. which he sold in 1 867 to remove to Macon County. Mo. There he purchased laud on which he lived a twelvemonth, when, the family being ill, he re- turned to Knox County, III., finally 'mying the old homestead. On it he still lives, now engaged in fiiiit growing and ,the nursery business, having abandoned general farming in 1880. Mr. Switzor is an active worker in the Method- ist Episcopal Cliurch, and gives his suffrage to the Republican party. His estimable wife liore the maiden name of Pliiebe Hunt, and is a native of the Buckeye State. Their family included our subject; Elizabeth B., now Mrs. B. F. Brown, of Orange Township, Knox County; William I., still at home; Jane, who died at the age of eighteen months; .John E. and Peter C)., who are yet at Home. The maternal grandfather of our subject was George Hunt, a native of Kentuckj-, who located on a farm in Ohio and later removed to this State. He vvas a pioneer of Indian Point, Knox Count}', and at one time owned a large amount of land. He was very liberal and gave a site for a schoolhouse, himself also putting up the building. In the War of 1812 he was wounded b}" a ball passing through his side. His commander was Gen. Hull, by whom he was given up as a prisoner of war, afterward si)ending nine days without food. In addition to his farm Mr. Hunt carried on a large sawmill un Cedar Creek. He was quite a hunter. When called hence he was over seventy years of age. George HuntSwitzer opened his eyes to the light of da}' iu Cedar Township, Knox County, May 22, 18C2. He was given the advantages of the com- mon scliools in the different localities in which he passed his boyhood and youth, and when twenty years old entered Heddiiig College at Abingdon. In that excellent institution he spent three j'ears, pursuing a literary course two yeais and then tak- ing up the commercial course, from which he was graduated in 1885. He secured a teacher's certif- icate and in the fall began teaching in Maquon Township. There and in Chestnut Township he carried on his pedagogical labors a j'ear, after which he became traveling manager for tfie firm of Lan% King tVr Law, of Chicago, for whom he estab- lished agencies in the northern half of the State. After spending a year in this manner Mr. Switzer engaged in the insurance l)usiness in Knoxville under the style of Hill & Switzer. handling lire, life and accident policies. Owing to unforeseen circumstances the partnership was dissolved by Mr. Switzer, who in February, 1890, came to London Mills. Here he entered the employ of W. W. ^'ose in the office of the Times, and after working two months leased the plant and personally con- ducted the publication. It is a five-column quarto whose increasing circulation indicates that the new editor has ability for journalism. The paper is conducted as a neutr.al political sheet, the editor believing that in this way he can exert a greater influence and better meet the wants of the peo|)le than under a party banner. Mr. Switzer, person- ally, is a Republican. He belongs to the Method- ist Episcopal Church, and is regarded as one of its most efficient 3'oang members. OHN SWIGART is the owner of one of the valuable farms in Young Hickory Township, located four miles from London Mills and six [^!^l> from Fairview. It consists of one hundred and sixty acres on section 14, which have been placed under the best of improvement,supplied with substantial buildings and thoroughly stocked with fine animals. Jlr. Swigart is one of the most prom- inent farmers in the township and all who know him rejoice in the success which has attended diis labors. In addition to the home farm he owns a line property in Fairview Township and a tract of timber land on section 27, Young Hickory Town- ship. Mr. Swigart is of German ancestry, being a son of John and Susan (Snyder) Swigart. The former was born iu the Fatherland and brought to America when a babe by his father, George Swigart. The father served in the Revolutionary War after which he settled in Franklin County, Pa., following farm- ing so successfully that he became the owner of 496 PORTRAIT AND BIUGRAPIIICAL ALBUM. more tlfan'two humlred acrei uf laiul. He liveil to llie ripe age of eighty-two jears. He belonged to tlie Presbyterian Chiircii. John Swigart, Sr., farmed on the homestead in Penus3'lvania and teamed to Baltimore and from that city to Pitts- burg. In 1S45, he sold his property, came west ami located in Fairview Township, this county. He bought one hundred and twenty acres of im- proved land, adding to it until he possessed over two hundred acres. He lived on the farm until 1872 when he entered into rest at the age of eighty- four years. He was an active worker in the Lu- theran Church, highly respected as a citizen and considerate in his family- relations. He belonged to the Democratic party. The maternal grandfather of our subject was Henry Snyder who was born in Germany and set- tled in Franklin County, Pa., where his dauL'liter was born, reared and married. Mrs. Swigart died some time before her husband. She was the mother of six sons and two daughters, of whom the following may be noted : Emanuel lives in Livingston County and is a retired farmer ; George died in Fairview Township, this county; Mrs. Catherine Ura[)stcd lives in Ellisville Township; Mrs. Susan Robb lives in Farmington Towushiii; John is the subject of this notice; Henry lives on the old homestead; William lives at Rapatee. Knox Count}-; Jerry died when quite young. The subject of this notice was born near Green- castle, Pa., January 21, 1827, and reared on a farm. He attendeil subscription schools in the old log school house of "ye olden time" and was early set to work at home duties. In the fall of 1845 he ac- companied his parents tti the Prairie State and can give an interesting account of the journey. The traveling outfit consisted of three wagons drawn l)y six two-horse teams. The Allegheny River was crossed at Pittsburg, the Wabash at Torre Haute and Illinois at Havana Ferry. The farm produce which was raised in the new home, was hauled to Copperas Creek and sent to a market down the rivei'. Our subjict found some recrea- tion in hunting, killing deer, wolves, etc, which were still quite numerous in the uncultivated por- tions of the count}'. When twenty-two years old Mr. Swigart left the parental roof and rented a farm in Fairview Town- ship. In 1857 he bouglit that which he now oc- cupies, paying §1 4 an acre for the land whereon the only improvements were thirty acres of plowed ground and a log house. For a few years he had a hard struggle but gradually placed about him the improvements he wished and secured greater remu- neration for his industrious efforts. In 1869 he bought one hundred aiid si;xty-five acres on section 4, Fairview Tuwnship. pa\ing §50 an acre for this improved farm. He operated it several years, liut now rents it, occupying the homestead around which the memories of his struggles and successes cluster. The home farm is neatly fenced, tiled, and su[>plied with adequate machinery, as well as a comi)lete line of buildings. The owner raises full-blooded Poland China hogs, graded cattle and Shropshire sheep. Of tiie latter he has the largest flock in the vicinity, and is the heaviest seller of wool and mutton. The tine qualities of Miss Mary Tipton won the lasting regard of our subject jNud they were mar- riage February 22, 1849. The ceremony took place in Fairview Township at the home of the bride. That lady was born in Ohio near Colum- bus, October 15. 1825, and was in her teens when her parents came to this State. She had only a common-school education, but learned man}- useful ways and has the best of all knowUdge — that of the Christian. >Sheis th? first-born in the parental family, her brothers and sisters being Mrs. H.innah Combs of Kansas; Isabella, who died in Fairview Township; Samuel, of New York; Thompson, a commission merchant in Chicago; Mrs. Lydia Ramsey, of Farmington; Mrs. .Sarah Swigart, of Fairview Township; John, of Council Blufifs, Iowa; and Mrs. Nettie Meeker, of Neliraska. .Samuel was a lieutenant in the One Hundred and Third Illi- nois Infantry, having enlisted in 1862. The father of ilrs. Swigart was John Tipton, a native of ^laryland, who accompanied his father, .Sylvester Tipton, to Ohio when quite young. He operated a farm in that .Slate until 1840 when he removed to Illinois and settled in this county. He jourTieyed hither with three wagons, driving his cattle, and bringing a wife and nine children. He bought the land in Fairview Township now owned PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 497 by our subject, improved It and lived tbereon un- til death. His demise tooli place in Marcli, 1869, at the age of seventy-one years. His wife, Eliza, daughter of John Crawford, was born in Franklin County, Ohio, and died in Pottawatamie County, Iowa, while on a visit to a daushter. After the death of her husband she had made her home with Mrs. Swigart, wife of our subject. She was an ac- tive member of the Jlethodist Episcopal Church. Our subject and his good wife have nine chil- dren,'^of whom we note the following: Jerry P. is in the grocery business in Aurora, Mo.; William II. farms in Farmington Tovinship; Samuel T., for- merly a teacher, is now a salesman in th3 school supplv establishment of Andrews & Co., at Chi- cago; Lydia L. is the wife of F. M. Fisher, a mer- chant in Clair; Sarah C, Mrs. Gardner, is with her parents; John Frank is farming in Fairview Town- ship; George M. lives in Sioux City, Iowa; Annie E. married G. A. Taylor and lives in Knox County ; Susan B. is the wife of F. Voorhees, a farmer in Fairview Township. Mr. .Swigart was Townshi|) Supervisor one year. Collector an equal length of time, and has been Commissioner of Highway's and School Director for years. In former days he was a Greenbacker but is now a member of the Union Labor party. IMrs. Swigart is a consistent and valued member of the Lutheran Church. The worthy couple take great delight in the exercise of hospitality and few there are who spend any time in their vicinage without enjoying the good cheer for body aiTd mind that abounds under their roof. Tiiey have raan^' friends by whom their genuine worth is highlj' valued. i^.AYID D. TALBOTT, M.D., stands at the head of his profession in this county, and is the leading phj-sician of Lewistwon. He is also prominent in business circles, as President of the Lewistown Electric Light, Heat and Power Company, and his well-known public spirit, liber- ality and enteri)rise have been the means of fostering many schemes devised for the further advance- ment of the city. Our subject did noble service in his professional capacity throughout the late Civil War, and his name is held in honor by many brave officers and soldiers in various parts of thecountiy, who remember with gratitude the skill, tenderness and devotion that he exercised in alleviating their sufferings and saving their lives. David D. Talbottwas born in Warrenton, Jeffer- son Cmmty, Ohio, a son of Richard and Margaret (Humiihre}') Talbott, natives respectively of Tal- bott County, Md., and Jefferson County, Ohio. His mother was a daughter of David Humphrey, who was also a native of Jefferson County, his parents having been earl^' settlers of that part of Ohio. The paternal grandfather of our subject, Adam Talbott, is supposed to have been a native of Maryland, his father, William Talbott, having come from England in Colonial times, and settled in that State. Adam Talbott was among the early pioneers of Ohio, and there he died during the cholera epidemic of 1818. The father of our subject was young when his parents removed to Ohio and located amid the primeval wilds of CairoU Count}', where the re- maining years of his boyhood were passed. He learned the trade of a tanner, and followed that calling in Warrenton a number of years. He sub- sequentl}' bought a farm in Jefferson County, on which he resided until 1858. when he came to Illi- nois with his family and took up his residence in Fulton County. In 1873 he went still further Westward, and in York County, Neb., bought a farm, which was his home until his death in 1879, a valued citizen being then lost to his community. His wife departed this life in Lewistown in 1872. They reared ten children, named Joseph, Elizabeth, David D., Martha, Nanc\', Jane, Margaret, William and Absalom (twins), and Sarah. Dr. Talbott received his early educhtion at Jen- kins Academy, Mt. Pleasant, Ohio. After leaving that institution he was employed three years on his father's farm, and at the expiration of that time entered the medical department of the Uni- versit}' of Michigan at Ann Arbor. His first term there was spent mostl}' in the laboratory, where he laid a substantial foundation for the knowledge of medicine that he afterward acquired, and the second term lie pursued the regular course. The 498 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. following year he went to Iowa City and became a student in the University of Iowa, frnm wiiich he was graduated in the class of '60. At the close of his university career he returned to Ohio, and there we find him at the breaking out of the war. With a patriotic desire to assist his country in the best way that he could, he offered his services as phy- sician and surgeon, his devotion to his profession and his recent connection with two of the best medical schools in the country offsetting his lack of experience. He became Acting Assistant Sur- geon in the United -States service, and for eight months was stationed at Louisville, Ky., and then went to Nashville, where he remained until the war was brought to a close, and he was honorably dis- charged in June, 1865. After his experiences of life in military hospitals our subject came to Lewistown and opened an office, and at once entered upon a successful and extensive practice in this citj' and county. His professional duties were very ai'duous, and the in- cessant labor finally undermined his health, and in 1875 he was obliged to relinquish his practice and seek by change of scene and climate to regain his physical vigor. He went to Chej-enne, Wj-o., and was there until 1876, vvlicn he returned to Lewis- town. In 1877 he again went Westward, the Black Hills being his objective point. At that time Syd- nej', Neb., was the nearest railway station from which the Hills could be reached, and from there a stage journej' of two days and two nights brought the Doctor to the present site of Deadwood. He actively interested himself in the founding of a city on that spot and assisted in platting it, he be- ing one of the original proprietors of that famous town. He was also the first practicising physician in Deadwood. After a few months he came back to Illinois, and in 1878 revisited the Black Hills, where he still has interests. With the exception of his temporar}' residence in the Far West, Lewistown has been the home of Dr. Talbott for a quarter of a centurj'. and, as we have seen, he has been closely identified with the highests interests of the city during that period, and no one has been more active in promoting its welfare than he. He is one of the leading members of the State Medical Societ3', and is prominent in Grand Army circles as an active member of Thomas Layton Post, No. 151. Dr. Talbott was married to Miss Amelia F. Wal- ker, a native of Lewistown, in 1872, and their pleasant wedded life has been blessed to them by the birth of one son. Willis N. Mrs. Talbott is a daughter of Maj. Newton Walker, who was born in Madison County, Va., December 10, 1803. His father. Merry Walker, was born in the same county in 1760, and is a son of William Walker, who is supposed to have been a native of England, who came to America in Colonial times and settled in Virginia, where he spent the remainder of his life. Mrs. Talbott's grandfather was a life-long resident of Virginia, and was there engaged as a farmer until his death in 1811. He owned large tracts of land in Madison Count3-, which was operated by slave labor. The maiden name of his wife was Elizabeth Kirtley, and she was also a ^'irginian bj' birth and breeding. Her father, Jervy Kirtlej', was a farmer of that Slate, and moved from there in 1794 to the Kentucky wilds, and was a pioneer of North Bend, in Boone County, where he lived the remainder of his life. Mrs. Talbott's grand- mother married a second time, and died in Virginia in 1860. Newton Walker was reared and married in ^'ir- ginia, and resided there until 1835. when he too became a pioneer, .starting with his wife and child for Illinois, and making the entire jonrnc^y over- land with a pair of horses and a wagon, being two months on the waj-. Fulton County at that time was sparsely settled, and Lewistown was but a small village, with whose interests he soon became prominently identified. The courthouse was a little frame structure, and in 1837 he took aeon- tract to re|)lace it by a more substantial and com- modious building, which he completed in 1838, and it is still in use. At that time it w.as one of the finest, if not the finest public building in tlie State. When Mr. Walker came here wolves, deer, wild turkeys and other kinds of game were plenti- ful, and venison, turkey and |)raiiie chicken formed a welcome addition to the limited fare of the pio- neers. Mr. Walker rented a house until 1S37, then bought the Ossiau Ross homestead, which was the PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALHUM. 499 first place settled in this vicinity, and the second place in Fulton County. Mr. Ross locating on it in 1821, and it has benn the residence of Mr. Walker for a period of fifty-three years. In 1844 he'en- gaged in the mercantile business at Lewistown. which he continued until 1851.vvlien he sold f ut and turned his attention to farming. Maj. Walker was married May 15, 1834, to Miss Ann Eliza Sinims. a native of Madison County, Ya. Her father, Iveul)en Simms. was born in Orange County, Va., where he was a planter until 1835, when he came to Fulton County, and died here at a ripe old age. The maiden name of liis wife was Frances Graves, and she was a native of Madison County, Va. Her father, Thomas Graves, was a life-long resident of that .Slate. Mr. and Mrs. Walker have four children living: JIary, widow of Edwin Harris, resides in Lewistown; Henrietta lives with her parents; Robert lives on a farm in this county; Amelia is the wife of Dr. Talbott. W;ILLIAM McLaren was a pioneer of this county and for many years was very act- ive in developing its agricultural resources and was on§ of the leading farmers and stock grow- ers of Woodland Township. His death July 12, 1890, was a loss to the community of which he had been so long a valued member. William McLaren was a native of Scotland, Ijorn March 15, 1820. His father and mother were also n.Ttivcs of that country, but concluding that they could better their condition by emigration, they came to America in 1822. They settled in Indiana amongst its early pioneers. They had been too l)Oor to pay their passage on the shii), and had con- tracted to work for a man by the name of Robbs after lauding here, he paying their steamer fare. The country in which they settled was new and very thinly inhabited. The father labored there at farm work, and died about 1837. After that the mother of our subject moved with her children to this county and made her home near Astoria the rest of her life. The subject of this notice was only two years old when his parents brought him from the land of his nativity to this country. His early boyhood days were passed amid the primitive scenes of pioneer life in Indiana and he attended school in a rude log schoolhouse. He worked at odd jobs and care- fully saved up the money that he thus earned. He ^was about seventeen years old when bis father died, and soon after that came to tliis county with his mother, making the journey overland with an ox-team and luml)er wagon. He was very indus- trious and a hard worker and supported his mother comfortably in her olil days. In early manhood, Mr. McLaren entered one hundred and sixty acres of land on sections 5 and 8, Woodland Township, and erected thereon a hewed log house for the shelter of the family. His farm was heavily timbered and he cleared and im- proved it in a good shape placing upon it substan- tial farm buildings, making neat fences and doing all that he could to make it a model farm. In 1870, he left the farm and retired to Suramum in the same township, where he )jurchased a house and lot. He superintended his farm for sometime after moving into the village and raised a goodly amount of stock. For four years he carried the mail from Suninuim to Astoria. Always a true and consistent Christian whose upright, unblem- ished life was an example for others to follow, our subject was a valued member of the JMethodist Church. In politics he agreed witli the Rei)ublican party. He held several minor offices in the town- ship and was accounted a good civic official b}' all who knew him. Mr. McLaren was greatly indebted for the posi- tion he attained in life and for what he accom- plished to the invaluable assistance of a wife, who is a woman of great capability and is an exceed- ingly good manager. Her marriage with our sub- ject was solemnized July 18, 1841. Mrs. IMcLaren was formerly Miss Rachael Fike, and she was born in Ohio, June 12, 1823. Her parents John and Sallie (Wilkey) Fike, were natives of Pennsyl- vania, and were there reared and married and had two children bom to them before they became pio- neers of Ohio. They resided on a farm in the Buckeye State for a time and then removed to In- diana and from there to Morgan County, 111. They oOO PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. subsequently took up their residence in Pike County, wiience tljoj- started for Texas. When about sixty miles beyond the Red River in the Lone Star State, the son died and the family was so discouraged that they started back. When they arrived in Arkansas, the father died near the Ar- kansas River and the remaining members of the sorrowing family returned to this State and settled once more in Morgan Count}'. The father was forty 3-ears old at the time of his premature death. He was a prominent Methodist and was Class Leader in his Ciuiroh. In politics he sided with the Democrats. The mother of our subject also died comparatively young as she was but forty \ears old at the time of her death. She reared eight children: Jeremiah, Josiah, Abraham, James B., Rachael, Mahala, Sallie, and William. The mother of our subject was also a devout .Aletho- dist. The happy wedded life of our subject and his amiable wife resulted in the birth of nine children, eight of whom grew to maturity as follows: Nancy J., Mrs. Palmer, John N., Christopher C, William R.. IMary C Mrs. Shanks, Israel, Francis M., and Belle, Mrs. Markely. Mrs. McLaren is a devoted member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. She is a woman whose kind heart, motherly ways, and many sterling qualities have gained her general esteem throughout the community. ^= z^ HARLES M. SMITH owns and occupies a fine tract of land on section 7, Banner Township. The estate consists of eighty acres of thoroughly cultivated landj bearing a com- plete set of fine buildings and the other improve- ments which stamp tlie owner as a j-oung- man of enterprise and good taste. Mr. Smitli was born in the township of which he is now an honored resident, Februar}' 26, 1868, was roared on a farm and received a district-school ed- ucation. His father, William H. Smith, Esq., was quite extensive!}' engaged in farming .and milling . and our subject assisted him until he had reached his majority. He then established himself in life, beginning a career which promises to prove suc- cessful in a financial sense, and in securing for him the further good vvill of those about him. Mr. Smith inherits from his fatlier a belief in the prin- ciples of Democracy, which he therefore supports with his ballot. He possesses agreeable traits of character, pleasant manners and a good character. On September 19, 1889, Mr. Smith was happily married to Clara, daughter of Thomas Fonts, one of the old and prominent settlers of the county. The home of the young couple has once been vis- ited by the angel of life and tliey liave a young son named Elmer. EV. ALEXANDER H. WIDNEY. For more than thirty years this gentleman has '^ % been aiding in tlie spread of tht gospel, de- ^! voting himself .with nssiduity and loving zeal to the work of the ministry. Tlie center of his present field of labor is the town of Cuba, where he has held a pastorate for over two years. He is a man of broad intelligence, decided literarj'^ ability, and the dignified yet winning manners so thoroughly in keeping with his profession. The ancestors of our subject settled in Ireland in the year 1688, John Widney having been a colonel in the army of AVilliam, Prince of Orange, and hav • ing received a valuable estate in County Tyrone, in consideration of services rendered in the war be- tween William and James. John Widney, father of our subject, was born at Ern3'vale, Ireland, in the year 1779, and at the age of five years was brought bj' his father to America. The famih' set- tled in the upper part of Path Vallej', Franklin Countj', Pa., whence the descendants of the two brothers and three sisters who settled in this rug- ged region together, scattered to various portions of the United States. Our subject was born July 29, 1834, in Toboyne Township, Perry County, Pa., and is the j'oungest son in a family of eleven children. At the age of three j-ears he lost his father by death, and the fam- ily soon after following the spirit of adventure, .'%■ i ,0^ fW PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 503 became identified with the early settlement of Northeastern Indiana. They made a home on the Little St. Joseph River, DeKalb County, Ind. There an older brother, who had received a good education in the East, became a school-teacher for the earl>- pioneers. and would often take his younger brother on his back and carry him a distance of two or three miles through the unbroken forest to the log selioolhouse where he taught. In the year 1848, at the age of fourteen, our sub- jecCvleft his widowed mother, and returned to the old home in Pennsylvania, where for five years he apprenticed himself to his eldest brother, who was the proprietor of a w.igon shop. Returning to In- diana in 1853, he began his struggle for an educa- tion b}' teaching a district school at $1.5 a month, he to have his board among the people. But board- ing around was not pleasant, and he took the only alternative, securing his own boarding place. His pedagogical labors were followed by two years of close application to study at the LaGrange Insti- tute at Ontario. Ind., and he then beg.au in a small way the work of the ministry in the Methodist Protestant Church. For thirteen years Mr. Widney pursued his chosen profession in Indiana, traveling the extensive cir- cuits of that day, and often preaching five or six times each week. During the fall of 1858, while on a circuit in Fountain County, he was seized with the terrible disease known as "milk sick," and nearlj' lost his life. In the struggle through which the church passed in 1867-58 over the slavery question, Mr. Widney was branded as an Abolitionist, and the doors of one of the churches on his charge were shut against him. In 1869 he removed to Illinois, wliLrein, with the exception of three }-ears, his sub- sequent life has lieen spent and his labors expeiided. During the three year.?, from 1877 to 1880, the Rev. ]\Ir. AVidiiey was settled in Copiah County, Miss., on what is now the Illinois Central Railroad. The removal to the South was for the benefit of his health, liis throat having become diseased. In those years Mr. Widney improved a small fruit farm, and traveled extensively through the "piney woods," preaching whenever called upon to do so, and writing up that country for the Northern press. In 1880 he returned to Illinois, since which time he has been pastor at Lima and Ursa, Adams County, for two j'cars, DeLand and Weldon,DeWitt County, four years, one year each at Foosland and Clinton, and is now for the third year at Cuba. Mr. Widney has been for over thirty years a con- tributor to the religious press, chiefly of his own church, and occasionally to the secular papers. At present he is editor of the Cuba Journal an inde- pendent paper in the village where he holds his pas- torate. He enjoys the full confidence of the church in which for thirty-four years he has been a minis- ter, and has been honored with membership in the General Conference, has been for four years a mem- ber of the Board of Missions, etc., etc. The good which the Rev. Mr. Widney has accomplished in the uplifting of humanity can only be measured when time shall be no more. Mr. Widney has been twice married. His first union was solemnized in 1856, his bride being Miss Martha A. Wigent, who died in 1866, leaving six children. The second union was with Mrs. .Susan E. Norton, who is the mother of one son by Mr. Widney. Of the various members of his farail}', one daughter is a milliner, one son and one daugh- ter are teachers, one son is managing a newspaper, one is a recent graduate of the Law School at Ann Arbor, and located at Denver, Colo., and one is clerking. The eldest son died at the age of fifteen years. _SE =1^ hM ORRELL HIGBIE, a history of whose life III IV is herewith presented to the public, and II w whose portrait is shown on the opposite * page, has passed from the scene of earthl}' joys and sorrows to his final resting place. For weeks his numerous friends had known that the end was near and all hope of his recovery had been abandoned. Still, when on the eve of March 12, 1890, he breathed his last, surrounded by his de- voted family and a few intimate friends, the shock was felt throughout the community. Such was his popularity, and such devotion his noble life had won, that strong men were affected to tears upon hearing the s.ad news. Mr. Higbie's birth occurred on January 10, 1833, 504 PORTRAIT AN£) biographical ALBUM. at Oppenbeim, N. Y. Re was one of a family of fourteen cliildren, twelve of wliom lived to matur- itv, auci five of whom survived him, viz-. Mrs. Je.innette Plautz, of Warsaw, 111.; Mrs. Maria Buell, of Keokuk, Iowa; Mrs'. D.i\ James, Whites- town, N. Y. ; James Higbie,'of Utida, N. Y. ; and William Higbie, of Kansas. Our subject came to Illinois in lft57,' locating in- Canton, and wis- at first manager for E. P. Buell, a railroad- contractor, who constructeil what- is now thS Toledo, Peoria & Western Knil road. Mr. Higbie was- married in- June, 1859, to Miss Luc3' Ann Sp6nce; and this- union was blessed with six children, of whom the only one living at the present time is Frankie, wife of F. G. Pitt, whose sketch appearsin this volumfe. In the year 1859 the subject of our sketch assumed control of the old Mississippi Hotel, then the leading house of Canton, and standing ou the site now occupied by the Churchill House; He con- tinued in -this business for about two years, and subsequently, in connection With F. S. Buell. man- aged the hotel arid a livery and stock business. They sold the hotel above raentiorted to Babcock & Hoblitt, Barber & Higbie continuing to engage in tlie stock, business until February, 1881. At that date the partnership was dissolved, and Mr. Higbie and his brother George erected an immense livery stable on South Main Street, and opened the largest live rj' and sale- business tliat this city has ever known. Our subject won a national reputa- tion as a horseman in handling such horses as George' Sprague, Little Fred, Floral- Bell, Dan Brown, Ivate Sprague, and numerous ofhei' valuable ones. I ' ' ■ ■ The strong ties of friendship that existed between Mr. Higbie arid the leading citizens of Canton proved the high estefenJ in! ■Which- he was held in this' community. •'-He 'had a kihd' heart and a gen- erous disposition, and no uilfortrinate person was ever turned away by -him or d'ehied assistance. His Christianity was of a practical kind,- and as father, husband and friejid; hewas devotedly loved. ■• In the Chicago Horseman, the leading turf journal of the West, in speaking of his death, appeared tiiese words: '-Actions, words, looks, and steps form llie alphabet by which we may spell character," and rae.asured by tliis rule Mr. Higbie merits untold praise. There was nothing neutral or insignificant in Iris composition, and the limits of a village did not furnish sulticient scope for his numerous and diversified talents. Our subject was born and educated in the State of New York, and passed over the intellectual field by rapid stages. He was a man of deeds, not of words, but such was his integrity that his promise was as good as a bond; and even his political foes both respected and liked him. Mr. Higbie's widow and children are justly )jroud of his reputation, and they too occupy a high place in the esteem of their neighbors. ACOB P. HENSLEY, a progressive farmer of Cass Township, has risen to a position in agricultural affairs which many might env^-. Since 1853 he has made his home between Harris and Cass Townships, and has for the past twenty-five years resided in the latter named place. His birth occurred on December 22, 1837, in Clay Coun'ty, Ind., being the son of John A. Hensley, a native of Kentucky, who was born in that State in Montgomery County, October 6, 1816. He mar- ried Miss ]\Iinerva Yocum, also a Kentuckian, but their marriage took place in Clay County, Ind., in 1836, they continuing to reside in that place for a period of Seventeen years. At the expiration of that time they removed to Illinois, settling near Marietta, where the mother died in 1865. To our subject's parents were born nine children, five of whom are living at the present time, viz: he whose sketch now claims attention; Mary C, wife of Hiram Bartlett, has three children, and re- sides in Harris Township; William O. married Jen- nie Johnson, has three children, and lives in Harris Township; Algon H., who married Linda Jones, is the father of eight children, and lives with his family in Cass County, Mo.; Eva, wife of Jeremiah Pierce, lives in Mound Township, McDonough County, and has three children. Our subject's father is still living, and makes his home with iiis son. Jacob received a common- school education at Marietta, and was diligent in PORTRAIT AMD BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 505 preparing his lessons and in laying tiie foundation for a prosperous future. When twenty -one years of age he engaged in business for himself, and set- tled in Lynn Count}-, Kan., where he remained two years, breaking up and cultivating thei)rairie land. He then returned home and worked for others, re- ceiving only a small amount of money in compen- sation for his services — a state of affairs which existed until 1865. Buying a farm on section 21, he lived there eleven years. And then purchasing propert}' on section 20, made that his liome during the next five years. He finally settled upon his present farm, which embraces two hundred acres of valuable land. When he took possession of the same it was one unbroken stietch of brush and tim- ber, and the hand of civilization had not robbed it of one primitive charm; but by means of inex- haustible energy and good business judgment, he has cleared this land and has it well under cultiva- tion. In 1 870 he built his residence at a large cost, and loses no opportunity to add to the comfort and valuation of his estate. The subject of our sketch, who as before stated, devotes much attention to farming, is chiefly inter- ested in stock-raising, and lias in his possession sev- enteen valuable horses, including the two famous stallions, '-Oxney Samson" and "Baryton," half a dozen of good Southdown sheep, and fifty full- blooded Poland-China hogs, and also some fine Galloway cattle. Mr. Hensley was married March 9, 1862, to Miss Margaret Baughman, daughter of Gabriel Baugh- man, one of the old settlers in this township, and who is now deceased. He emigrated from Ohio to Cass Township in 1834, and was the father of four- teen children, seven boys and seven girls; nine are still living, and most of them in this county. The daughter's birlh occurred December 27, 18-'54. To Mr. and Mrs. Hensley have been born three, chil- dren, living and one deceased, viz: Hannah Jane, Mrs. James E. Drummond, of this place; John G.; Marcellus O., who married Ellen J. Sterling; and Mary M., deceased. Our subject and wife are devout Christians and faithful attendants at the Christian Chui'ch. He is a strong temperance man himself, and a great ad- vocate of this cause. Being a man of prominence. he is naturall}' called upon to fill responsible posi- tions, and has for the past fifteen years sensed as School Director, and helped build two school- houses. He is actively interested in political mat- ters, and has voted for the Greenback party, and of late years for the Prohibition ticket, having cast his first vote for Stephen A. Douglas. His father is a member of the Democratic party, casting his first Presidential vote for Xan Buren. /^W) I'^RLES E. JOHNSON. To behold the [l( progress and culture of Pleasant Township ^^^' one would scarcely imagine that a few years back it was little more than a forest primeval and possessed only the charm of nature. This place is rightly named, being in very truth an exceedingly pleasant township .and one well adapted to business and pleasure alike. Among the early pioneers, tliose who hewed out the foundation upon which the little city has been built, numbers the subject of our sketch. He makes his home on section 9, and is largely' instrumental in biintjing about many of the new and successful methods of advancing business, educational and social standards. Mr. Johnson's birth occurred in Saratoga Count}-, N. Y., on the 13th of July, 1830, being the son of Lemuel and Lydia (Rowley) Johnson, natives of New York. His paternal ancestors were of Klnglish descent and came to this country to seek a broader scope for their ai)iiities than was afforded in the old and crowded country. He passed his childhood and youth in his native State, and there received as good an education as the times offered, though he did not receive half the training that is given j'oung men of the present day, and yet his success has been greater than will be achieved periiaps, by most of these highly educated young men. There is nothing so well calculated to bring out all the energy and ambition a man possesses as the neces- sity early in life for making his own way. Mr. Johnson in the fall of 1849 removed to Illi- nois, coming by way of Buffalo and the lakes and Chicago. Upon reaching this State, he located in Fulton County. In 1853 he married Jliss Harriett 506 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. Lacey, who was born in Tompkins Count}', N. Y., on tlie lOth of September, 1833, and daugliter of John Lacey whose sketcii appears in this volume. Our subject and his wife became the parents of seven children, four of whom are living at the pres- ent time, viz: Laura A., wife of James Parkison, of Bernadotte Township; Milburn H., of Bernadotte Township; Mattie C, who lives with her parents; Blake E. Those deceased are, John L.. Cora A. and Carrie I. Tlie subject of our sketch after his marriage farmed on section 9, on the farm of John Lacey, and purchased his present farm in 1882 and has continued to make this his iiome up to the present writing. He owns one hundred and sixty acres of land that is well cultivated and his lesidence is two miles east of Ipava village. He is truly a self- made man and has met with both friendship and financial success in his journey through life. He started at the bottom of the ladder and has climbed without other assistance than his courteous manners and «;ood judgment. Mr. Johnson is a member of the Democratic party. He is a member of A. F. & A. M. Lodge No. 213 at Ipava. He has for several years been Road Commissioner of this township and also Con- stable and Collector. Being a very public-spirited man and one possessed of undaunted courage, he has always advocated the cause of worthy under- takings that were calculated to advance the inter- ests of the community in which he resides. Mrs. Johnson is a faithful member of the Christian Church, and she and her husband are popular in social circles and noted for their intellectuality. Indeed the subject of our sketch is classed among the most influential and wealthy citizens of this place, and is highly respected both here and throughout the surrounding county. -^ #3-^ ^ M. WATSON. It is impossible in a brief biographical sketch to render full justice to prominent men, and yet there are some who are so intimately and clearly identified with the county's welfare, and whose names are so fa- miliar to all that it is only justice to dwell upon what they have done and the influence of their career upon others, not as empty words of praise, but the plain statement of a plain truth. To this class belongs J. M. Watson, commonly called "Roe" Watson, Assessor of Cass Township. He is a young man of indisputable ability and good business habits, and is alike popular in social and financial circles. He is an active, wide-awake farmer and has won great success in pursuing this, his favorite occupation. Our subject's birtli occurred on section 29. of the township named, July 19, 1852, lie being the son of John D. and Catherine (Cameron) Watson, na- tives of Indiana and Illinois respectively. His father is numbered among the pioneer settlers in this State and experienced all the hardships and privations incidental to a resident in an undevel- oped country. He was called upon to mourn the loss of his beloved wife in 1856. To them had been born three children, all of whom grew t-i ma- turity, but of whom our subject is the only one living at the present writing. The father was married again and now makes his l.'orae in Oregon. The gentleman of whom we write was the recip- ient of a common-school education and at an early age manifested a lively interest in educational matters and an amount of industry and inlegiity of purpose that could but result in success. Fol- lowing the footsteps of his father he has always devoted his attention to farming, with the excep- tion of a few years during which time he tried railroading. At the early age of twenty-one he commenced to make a business record for himself and is now the owner of a valuable estate near Sraithfield and also of an elegant residence. His farm comprises one hundred and forty acres of ex- cellent land all in a body, one hundred acres of which are in a state of perfect cultivation. Beside agriculture he is also largely interested in stock- raising, buying and selling all the time. Mr. Watson was married, April 3, 1873. to Miss Mary C. Cable, daughter of Solomon Cable, and immediately after his marriage settled upon his present farm. To himself and wife have been born six chihlren— Carrie 15., Sadie C. Josie M., James H., John II. and William E.,all of whom are living. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 507 The interest of the parents in school matteisis very pronounced anil tlie children are one and all receiving excellent instruction. Their morals are carefully guarded, the father being a man of good principles and tlie mother a consistent raeraDer of the United Brethren C'ljurcli. Mr. Watson is a member of Smithfield Lodge No. 103, I. O. O. F.. jjas held the offices of Treas- urer, Right Support and Vice Grand. He takes an active interest in political issues, voting the Demo- cratic ticiiet, and lias at various times been a delegate to conventions. He has been a School Director for four years, lias served as Constable for an equal length of time and is now filling the office of Township Assessor for the fcnirth term. He is classed among the pre-eminently successful agriculturists of Cass Township, and has lost no opportunity for in)|iroving his estate or contribut- ing to the general welfare of the community, who hold him in such high esteem. ijICHARD E. GOULD oiierates a farm of two 4^ hundred and twenty acres in Fairview Town- \V ship, wliich is a part of the old Travers estate. The best traits in the English char- acter find an exemplification in him and are com- bined with some sterling qualities derived from his maternal ancestors, who were German. His father, Edwin Gould, w.as born in Exeter, England, and came to America when a young man of about twenty-three years, in company with members of the Travers familj', so jirominent in this section of Illinois. Mr. Gould married Sophia Ernst, who bore him seven children, our subject being the second in order of birth. The other members of the parental family are Sally, a teacher in the schools of St. Louis, Mo. ; William F., book-keeper for Donk Bros. Coal Com- pany, of St. Louis; P^dwin J., book-keeper for the Ludlow Saylor Wire Company, of St. Louis; Walter Carr, railroad clerk at Sedalia, Mo.; Harry P., a resident of Fairview, this county; George A., an emplo3'e in the Ludlow .Saylor Wire Company. The father of this family was possessed of more than ordinary enterprise, and, being a roiiemaker by trade, worked up a good business, finally build- ing a large rope manufactory in St. Louis. He embarked in the manufacture of cotton cord for tying cotton bales, investing a large amount of cap- ital in the enterprise. About that time the wire baud for the same purpose was invented, and tak- ing the place of the cotton tie fi)rmerly used, so affected the business of Mr. (Jould as to almost cause his Insolvency. Beginning again at the bot- tom of the financial ladder, he climbed upward, but never regained his former position. When he died he was worth about ■i'OiOOO. He was the first manufacturer of iron and steel rope west of the Mississippi River. The subject of this brief biographical sketch was born in St. Louis, Mo., December 2, 1859, the day .lolin Brown was hung. He grew up in his native place, followed his father's trade for some 3'ears, and then found employment as a distributing clerk in the post-office department of his native city. He was filling that position at the time of his marriage and continued to make his home in St. Louis for n year longer. He then came to this county to reside. After the death of his father oui' subject came up to this county to visit his parents' old-time friends — the Travers family. He found much to admire in the character of Agnes A., the 3-oungest living child (if Charles and Jane (Hutchins) Travers, and determined, if possible, to win her for his wife. His wooing [iroved successful and on September 2, 1884, the young couple were joined in the bonds of holy wedlock. Mrs. Gould was born at White Oak Sjirings, Wis., and was but eleven years old when she came to this State. After acquiring a preliminary education she entered the Normal School at Normal, but after attending some time her health failed, and she was obliged to abandon her studies before graduation. Reared by parents who have not lost their belief in the wisdom of English laws and English customs, she became capa- ble of managing a home, fitted for the duties which might devolve upon her in society, and estimable in character. Mr. Gould is a Republican in principles, but in- quires into the character and fitness for office of a 508 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. candidate for his suffrage, and lays by party preju- dice wlien l\v so doing he can secure better service in any (it>vernii]ental position of trust. He is a very intelligent mail, possessing sound sense, coupled with various manly qualities, such as win respect from bis fellow-nicn. He an<] his wife be- long to the Kpiseopal Cluirch. Their home, though modest, is an abode of comfort and a center from wliii'li pleasing influences extend. lEUT. GEORGE WASHINGTON CONE. It is a well known fact iliat circumstances in life may make or mar the prospects of man to a certain extent, but a determined spirit will bend even the force of circumstances to its will. The career of Lieut. Cone since his arrival on the stage of human action is abund;int proof of this trite saying: That which is better than silver or gold, a good name, gains added lustre in adverse circumstances, and tlie sterling rpialities of char- acter are strengthened in the comlials of life. The subject of our sketch is tlie fifth son of Jo- seph Cone, founder of Farraington, and a man of extended fame, whose life and character are appro- priately set forth in the sketches of Spencer and Henry Cone, found elsewhere in this Album. Born in Harwinton, Conn,, .luly 10, 1821. George Cone received an excellent education, first attending the common schools, and later the Harwinton Acad- em}', as well as institutions of learning in this State. He was a lad of but thirteen jears when he accompanied liis father to Illinois, and here he at- tended the primitive log schoolliouses. At the age of sixteen years he entered the Peoria Academy, which vvas at that time under the charge of the Rev. David Page. Possessing groat natural abil- itj% and a fondness for study, \'oung Cone found no difiiculty in mastering the depths of hidden lore. Lieut. Cone continued to live at home until his marriage in 1848, to Miss Cordelia Ann Smith, who died within a year. In 18.j0 he was united with Miss Harriet Berge, a daughter of Deacon Luther Berge, who was well known to the pioneers of this State for his rousing utterances on abolition and temperance, as well as his religious zeal. Mrs. Cone inherits much of the energy and strength of character which made her father so prominent, and in her these traits are combined with the softer qualities of womanhood, thus qualifying her for the important duties which devolve upon her in home life as well as in society. She is the mother of four children, viz: Cordelia, who died in in- fancy ; Frank, who lived to the age of but sis years; Everett Luther, who is at home; and (jeorge C, a student in the University of Illinois, at Champaign, belonging to the class of '93. Mr. Cone improved a wild quarter-section of land before his marriage, the tract being near Elmwood. He sold it and next bought a farm of two hundred and forty acres near Henry, where lie established a home of his own. In a short time he sold the farm and embarked in the dry-goods business at Elmwood, where he carried on a prosperous business career for seven years. He was enjoying a happy and successful life when the Civil War broke out and his loyalty drew him from liis peaceful pursuit to a place amid his coun- try's defenders. He enlistee! in Company I, Sev- enty-seventh Illinois Infant!'}' in the fall of 18G2, and went to the front under command of Col. Grier, who afterward became a General. The com- pany was mustered in at Peoria, and after spend- ing a brief time in (billing, left for the front, their objective i)oiut being Lexington, K_y. They marched from Covington to Lexington, and were ordered on to Louisville, where they embarked on a boat from which they landed to participate in the Yicksburg campaign. The first heavy engagement in which Mr. Cone participated was Port Gibson, which was followed by Haines' Bluff, where the Union forces met with a rc|iulse. At Arkansas Post they took six thou- sand prisoners, at Champion Hills had a hard fight, as also at Black River Bridge. Before the com- pany left the North, our subject liad iTeen elected Second Sergeant, and immediately after the en- gagement at Black River Bridge, he was promoted to the rank of Second Lieutenant for valiant ser- vices, the commission being signed by U. S.Grant. In the grand charge on Vicksburg, May 22, Lieut. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 509 Cone was sbot tlirouglit the left ankle, and was on ci'iitflies for eight uiocths. He resigned and was honorably discharged on account of physical dis- al)i!ity at New Orleans in November. 1S63. He returned home scarcely' more than a physical wreck, but with a war record of which any man might be justly proud. .Since llic war Mr. Cone has carried on farming, and now has [uoperty at Great Falls, Mont., and at Peoria. In 18ti;i ho went to Mempliis, tfiok a per- mit to trade with the people ofj the South, and bdugiit mill property there. He sustained a heavy loss in this venture, never receiving pay for the property r.nd being thereby practically mined. He did not appl_y for a pension until about seventeen 3'ears after the war, when reverses com|ielled him to do so. In politics Lieut. Cone is in sympathy with the Republican party, but is no olHce [seeker. He is noted for integrity and honesty, wliich character- istics have been maintained throughout adversity and prosperity alike. He is sliglitl3' inclined to- ward the Swedenborgian religion, liberal-minded toward those of diverse faiths, and generous in aid of worthy enterprises. '[#ING DAVID BOWERS, a well-known farmer 8 per month. He has spent manya day cradling grain and perform- ing other labor which is now generally accomplished by machinery. , Mr. Bowers was married April 20, 1-840, to Miss Susan Zeiger, the ceremony taking place at the bride's home in Mercersburg, Franklin County, Pa. That capable, industrious woman was born in the Keystone State and reared on tiie farm of her fatlier, .Tacob Zeiger. The latter was a soldier in the War of 1812. After his marriage-Mr. Bowers removed to Morgan County, Va., where, after working for wages a year, he rented a farm in the vicinity of Bath. Two years later he went to Franklin County. Pa., and worked out by the month for a year, his wages being $9 per month. On this he kept the family, which included two children, and after ■ paying $30 a year for house rent, was able to live as well as now. At the end of a year he bought five acres of land near Mer- cersburg and shortly afterward added six acres, it being a part of the estate of his mother-in-law. He chopped trees, hewed logs, and himself put up a log house in which m.any happy hours were spent by his little family. He set out an orchard and otherwise improved the place which he cultivated while at the same time working as a carpenter, be- ing very handy in the use of tools and in wood work. Until he came West, Mr. Bowers continued to do cari)enter's work, finallj' contracting for small buildings, making shingles and coopers' stuff, but making a specialty of building, double corn cribs. He also continued to do some farm work, particu- larly in the harvest field, as otherwise he would have been boycotted by his neighbors. He became 510 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. particularly expert in cradling grain and found plenty to do, being even sent for b}' farmers in Virginia. There he received ^2.50 per day as he could work much faster than the slaves, while at home he leceived but $1.50 a day. In 1855 he sold his farm and goods and started with a team toward the setting sun. At Pittsburg he embarked on the ''Star of the West"' from which he disem- barked at Copperas Landing. The team had been shipped and he drove on to Liverpool, then to Fairview where he lived a year. During the sum- mer he busied himself at carpenter's work theie and in the fall worked at London Mills. He bought eighty-four acres of his present estate which was raw land but took possession of a rented farm on Spoon River. Being drowned out on the Spoon, Mr. Bowers returned to FairviewJ wlience he teamed to Cop- l)eras Creek and other points for a year. He next moved on to the Harshbarger[]farm;and after rent- ing it a year, built on his own land and removed thither. He got out the timber from his own woods, hewed it to a frame, scored and put it up, ."ind hauled lumber from Avon for the lighter parts i>f the building. He broke the land and gradually made the various improvements upon it, devoting the spring and summer to farm work and laboring at his trade from harvest time until winter. Until !! year ago he was able to build but he has now given up carpenter's work. Mr. Bowers was able ere long to buyadjoining land and added a quarter section to his estate. He sold a part of this, however, leaving his acreage one hundred and sixty-four. It is all neatly fenced and is well stocked and supplied with necessary buildings. The residence standi on one side of the road and the barns on the other. Three acres were given by Mr. Bowers to the Narrow Gauge Railroad as a right of way and he also subscribed to the fund raised to push the road through this part of the county. The land is excellent for pas- turage and well adapted to the raising of hay and grain. Mr. Bowers, therefore, does general farm- ing and feeds stock of various kinds. He raises about fourteen head of good roadsters and draft horses, together with cattle and hogs. In all his work he uses the latest farm machinery. Of the children born to Mr. and Mrs. Bowers we note the following: William H.. died here in 1857; Daniel W. and Joseph enlisted in 1861 in the One Hun- dred and Tliird Illinois Infantry. Company B, were mustered in at Peoria and served until killed; Daniel died at Jackson, Tenn., in 1863, and Joseph was killed Iw the falling of a tree when on picket duty at Resaca. The latter had accompanied Sher- man on the march to the sea and had been in all the battles of his regiment during the three years of his service; Jacob lives in Peoria; Martha V., Catherine R., and John G., triplets, are unmarried and at home; Rinaldo is also at home; Winlield Scott died in the East. Mr. Bowers has been School Director nine 3-ears and is much interested in the advancement of the cause of education. Other projects and enterprises which will tend to elevate the material, moral and intellectual status of the couimunitv. receive a helping hand from him. He contributes to the building fund of churches and gave §115 toward the soldiers' monument at Midway. He was for- merly a strong Abolitionist and is now an equally stanch supporter of Republican principles. lie has been a delegate to count}" and Congressional con- ventions. Mrs. Bowers is a consistent and honored member of the United Brethren Church. John Bowers, the grandfather of our subject, was born in Lancaster County, Pa., and farmsd there during his earlier life. He removed to Washington County. Md., where he continued to farm and also did teaming. He finally ni.ade his home in Williamsport, living to an extreme old age. He was a famous shot and a great fighter, and although left-handed, was never known to be beaten by an ojiponeut. He was the son of a man who emigrated from Germany. John Bowers. Jr., the father of our subject, was likewise born in Lancaster County, Pa., and took part in the War of 1812 while still a single man. He afterward went to ilar_\ land, operated a rented farm for a time, then settled in Frederick Countv, where he spent the remainder of his life, dying at the age of sixty-eight years. Although a good soldier, ready to take up arms in defense of his country, he possessed a very peaceable disposition. His religious leaning was toward the Lutheran PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 513 Church. He nianied Sarah, daiigliter of Jacob Coon, who was born in Washington Count}', Md., an;ILLIAM H. SMITH, owner and occu- pant of a fine farm in Banner Township, and of much other valuable property, was born in Smitlifield, Jefferson County. Va., Feb- ruary 4, 1819. His father, Henry Smith, born in Brandenburg, Prussia, July 4, 1777, landed at Baltimore, Md., July 4, 1799. He was a shoemaker, and in accordance with the customs of those days, went from house to house with his kit of tools, making up shoes for an entire famil}'. On one of these trips he made the acquaintance of Mary Fry, witii whom he was afterwards united in marriage, and who bore him nine children. The family con- sisted of six daughters and three sons, named re- spectively, John F., Catherine, Phcebe, Frances, Mary Eliza, Harriet, William H., Elizabeth and Braxton D. The mother was born in Jefferson County, Ya., June 5, 1783, and died February 14, 1829, at the age of forty-five years, three months and nineteen days. The father subsequently married a second wife, by whom he bad two children — Mary, who married a Mr. Homer, and Matilda S., who married Thomas T. Bybee, and after his death, Lucian B. Farnsworth. The father, mother and stei)-mother of our subject lived and died in the same house, it having been built b}' Mr. Smith when first mar- ried. The father took part with the American Army in the last war with Greai; Britain, and died December 4, 1865, at the age of eighty -eight years and five months. During the boyhood of our subject free schools were unknown in \'irginia, instruction being ob- tained from a teacher who would secure patrons by subscription. Our subject began his attendance at one of these schools when seven years old, and freely confesses that while his parents were anxious for and did all in their power to secure his advance- ment in his learning, he did not see the importance of it, and secured but a limited education. When fourteen j'ears old he went to the home of his brother-in-law, Samuel League, a tailor, from whom lie intended to learn the trade, but his eyesight being impaired by the loss of one of his eyes a few years before, he abandoned the idea. After a short time he went to another brother-in- law, George F. Ludwig, with whom he learned the milling business. The agreement was made between Mr. Ludwig and the father of our subject that the boy should have 82.50 per month, but the account being kept between the older parties it was seldom that he had money to handle. Needful clothing was bought for him by Mr. Ludwig, and he had little use for sponding-money, without which he enjoyed life, there being plenty of company about the mill, and the days passing happily. In the fall of 1836, there being much talk of the West, our subject encouraged by his father, de- termined to set forth. His greatest difficult}- was money, but Mr. Ludwig gave him the privi- lege of buying a shoat and feeding it with his hogs, and when fattened the animal was sold for §12.18. An old smooth-bore rifle had been given to j'oung Smith by his father, and having it stocked up new he was able to sell it for §12. He managed to get together about $30, with which he left his native soil on the 1st of May, 1837, to seek his fortune in the West. Our .subject was obliged to economize, and so started out on foot for AVheeling, at which place he was to meet his brother-in-law, (k'orgc Glass- ford, and his sister Elizabeth, who journeyed thither by stage, and with whom he was to con- tinue his journey to Peoria. 111., where a brother of Glassford was living. Over hills and mountains the youth of eighteen trudged manfully on, passing r.u PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. tlirousjli jMaiyland, Pennsylvania, and his native Stale, having no troublti to Biul his way after reach- ing the iSational road. His feet were soon blistered by walliing over the hard roads, which were an al- most continuons bed of beat-up stone, malving his journey' one ever to be remembered. His expenses were very ligiit, as be could obtain a cold lunch at a cost of ninepence, and lodging at the taverns along the route was proporticmately cheap. By securing a deck passage and helping to carry in wood (there were no coal mines along the river then), the young man paid low vale for his fare from Wheeling to Peoria. This being the first trip of any note which our subject had taken, it opened up a new life to him, and impressions were made upon his mind never to be obliterated. No incident of special importance occurred until they were ascending the Mississippi River when they attempted to pass another boat. The channel being near the right shore, the boats ran close together. -Tnst as the "Swiss Boy" was passing her opponent, the latter swung around, and l)eing heavily loadei], her guards came under the wheel of the "Swiss Boy," breaking the buckets and doing some damage to her own guards. Becoming interlocked it took some time to separate the boats. There was much profanity' among the officers, with threats of liaving satisfaction before tlu'v leached St. Louis, but as the "Swiss Boy" was cimipellfd to hi}- by for some time to put on new buckets, it did not again overtake the other boat. Peoria, which was reached about the middle of ALay, was but a small place, the principal buildings being on Lake and Water Streets, above Main, the old court-honse back of the town, and the sui-round • ing country almost in a state of iiature. An oc- casional house was to be seen along tiie bluff, but wild grass had possession of the soil, and the scen- ery was wild and beautiful. Our subject had about ^7 in money, from which he paid fifty cents for lodging the first night, much troubled at the price, but not all by the hard bed upon which he la\'. He made an eager search for eni|iloyment at his trade, but fonnd none in the few rude mills in that sec- tion. While talking with a Pennsylvanian named iiinehardt, a blacksmith by trade, a few days after his arrival, Mr. Smith was approached by a Mr. Davis, who run a brickyard back on the blufif. He wanted to hire two hands and agreed to give the young men §25 a month each and board. Mr. Smith w,is not certain whether he could stand the work, but feeling the necessity of having some em- ployment, accepted the oflfer and was set to work tending one of the raolders. He soon blistered his hands, but kept his table full of mortar. Two sets of hands were run. each having a certain number of bricks to mold and take care of. The molder at our subject's table was inclined to be lazy, luid the other set of hands would get theii- tasks com- pleted first. This did not please Mr. Smith, who soon began molding himself whenever his molder would leave the table. The business seemed natu- ral to him, as in a short time lie w.as able to lead anyone in the 3-ard in molding. The result of the energy of Mr. Smith led to his being offered the position of molder, which was much easier than wheeling mortar, and afforded him the satisfaction of getting his day's work done in good season, while he also aimed to gain Satur- day afternoon free. He worked some time without receiving any money, the pay being taken in cloth- ing, as there was little good money in the country and traffic was the rule. Seeing an opportunity to do better he settled up with Mr. Davis, taking an order on the store for what was due him. Mr. Davis desired him to remain, r.nd finally proposed to give him an interest in the yard, allowing him a certain share of the bricks as he could make no su'-e calculations on money. Finding that his share of the brick would perhaps double his former wages, Mr. Smith agreed to stay. Not long after this arrangement was made, Messrs. Rowland and Orrin Hamlin came to the yard one day inquiring for a young Smith who in May had been seeking a berth in a mill. They had bought a steam mill located at llicn. Fulton Coun- ty, and wished the young man to go down and take charge of it. As the season for bricklaying was nearly over and milling promised employment dur- ing the winter. JIi'. .'^mith gave ud a good business in Peoria, leaving what proved to be a live town, to enter upon a life of toil and hardship. Mr. Smith landed at Copperas Creek and passed POETRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 515 along a road where the prairie grass was taller than his head to reach the mill of which he took charge. In the course of the next year he and Israel INIiller rented it for two months, at the end of which time Mr. ismith alone rented it for a year, and also re- fitted a distillery which was connected with it, but in need of repairs. He hired men to run the dis- tillery and himself took charge of the mill, doing very well that year, and renting the plants for the second year. Thomas Maxwell, of I'tica, made a proposition to go into partnership with him, claiming to have monej- and ability to enlarge the business. After becoming a partner this man did not balance up, so our subject sold out and went into other business. The School Directors wished to hire him to teach, but he said he was not qualified, and ought rather to attend school himself. They would take no excuse, however, and no certificate being re- quired, Mr. Smith took charge of the institution of learning, where scholars older and larger than himself attended. The next enterprise of our sub- ject was carr3-ing on a small store in I'tica, which was broken into by thieves who stole about $300 in money and some goods. The money had been collected for the purpose of recruiting his stock, and the loss completely prostrated Mr. Smith and left him in debt. In some of his trailes he had come into possession of one hundred and twenty acres of land two miles below Utica, and the only chance left him seemed to be to take possession of the place, and try to cultivate it. This land had been secured from Warner Ilurd, who was separated from his wife, the deed conse- quently lacking her signature. Mr. Hurd died not long after, and Mr. Smith was obliged to buy the l)roperty again from the widow, who laid claim to it. About three acres of land was cleared, the bal- ance being heavy timber. Taking possession of the log cabin Mr. Smith fought bis way onward, encumbered by a debt of several hundred dollars, on which he paid twelve per cent, interest. Oh looking back he often wonders how he made his way through the privations which beset his way dnring the many years in which he was often de- nied the real necessaries of life, in order to save and be prepared for any vicissitude that might be- fall himself or family. Ho attributes the greater part of his success to the good management, in- dustry and economy of his wife, whom he feels to have been one of the best helpmates a struggling man ever had. It is with deep grief that he recalls her efforts and the fact that she was removed from his side just as they were becoming able to enjoy the fruits of their toil. Whenever Mr. Smith had a few dollars to invest he bought calves or other stock, and when he could control sufficient money would buy unimproved land which could always be bought cheap for ready cash. This would be sold on time at an advance and interest, and it was seldom that Mr. Smith had to take the land back. Before railroads were built here he had a large trade in beef, vegetables and other garden stuffs to supply steamboats. In 1856 he built a steam mill which accomplished a great deal toward opening up and developing the coun- try, and by dint of hard work gave him some profit In 1868 he bought the Fidler farm, adjoinino- his old place, and some time afterward twelve quar- ter sections in Seward and Butler Counties, Neb. In November, 1881, he purchased of James Turner the tract on which he now resides, paying |!1 4,300 for the same. Early in the spring of 1885 he paid over s'SiOOO for two hundred and twelve acres in the south part of tue McKinley lands. He also owns three hundred and seventy-nine acres, with good buildings, in Mason County, eighty acres of the Turner land, known as the Walnut Grove, another farm of one hundred and seventj'-five acres in Peoria County, and other pieces of propertj' on none of which is there a dollar of incumbrance. On May 24, 1839, Mr. Smith was united in mar- riage with Lovina, daughter of T. T. Bybee, the ceremony taking place at the residence of the bride, and the entire neighborhood being present. The groom being but twenty 5'ears old, Mr. Bybee be- came security to the County Clerk before he could obtain the license. The young couple made their home in Utica until September, when the wife sick- ened and was taken to her parents' roof. There she breathed her last October 3, after a wedded life of but four months and ten da^'s. After having lived a widower until November 19, 1840, Mr. Smith married Elizabeth C, daughter of Elijah 516 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. m^ Wileoxen, and a cousin to bis first wife. This ludy sliai't'il his fares anci privations until April 4, 1863, when she too passed away at the age of thirty-eight jears, seven months and five days. This marriage w.is blessed by the birth of five sons and seven daughters, four of whom died when quite j'oung. On May 6. 1866, Mr. Smith was again married, his bride being Miss Abbie Mason, who has borne him two sons and two daughters. On another page of this volume will be found a lithographic jiortrait of Mr. Suiith. ' AMES GARDNER. A traveler throughout this county would be forcibly impressed by some fe.atures of the estate owned and occu- pied by the subject of this biographical sketch. In approaching it his eyes would be at- tracted liy the appearance of order and thorough cullivalion seen on everj' hand, as well .as by the extent of the acreage and the efforts that have been made to add to its original lieauty. Perhaps the most conspicuous object, liowever, to the stranger would be the residence — a large bnihiing present- ing llie appearance of great comfort ami homelike- iicss and built of stone and wood. It is so situated as to overlook the Illinois Valley for manj' miles, furiii>inng one of the grandest views of natural scenery in the State. From the front door one can look i:ito Schuyler, Cass and Mason Counties. It will be seen at a glance that the mansion has been built many years, as there is no appearance of mod- ern architecture but one of great solidity and the fasiiion of a former day. Inquir}' elicits the infor- mation that it has stood since 1845, and was built by the father of the present owner. Our iidierited traits and the surroundings of our early lives prefigure to a great degree our own ca- reers. It therefore affords no surprise to the stu- dent of human nature to find ihe subject of this sketch an enlsrprising and orderly agriculturist, a moral, intelligent man, and a relialdu citizen, when facts in the ancestral history are taken into consid- eration. The grandfather of our subject was born in Scotland, possessed a mind of more than ordi- nary strength and took a deep interest in political matters. Near the close of the eighteenth century he was exiled from his native country on accoLint of his political beliefs, and sending his family to America he stole away in the night and followed them. He settled on a farm in the Empire State and about 1808 turned his footsteps westward, lo- cating in Sangamon County, this State. As he was one of the flrst settlers of that county, it is probable that Gardner Township was named in his honor. Andrew (iardner farmed in Sangamon (,'ounty until late in life, when he came to live with his son. father of our sul.iject, in this county. He was industrious even in his old age and obtaining apple seeds from St. Louis planted the first orchard in the county, on his son's farm. It covered twelve acres and bore large crojis. Buyers used to come from Iowa, Missouri, and the city of S[)ii]igfield. and the receipts from the sale of apples wag frequently as high as «100 per daj-. Mr. Gardner died here and his mortal remains were first interred at Sjiring- field, but in 1858 were removed to their final rest- ing place in the Foutch burial grounds in this county. James Gardner. Sr., father of our subject, was born in Saratoga County, N. Y., about the j-ear 1800, shortly after the arrival of his parents in America. He came to the Prairie State with them in his boyhood and grew to manhood on the farm m Sangamon County. Hehilnted quite a good deal during his youth, and when eighteen years old be- gan to assist the Government Survej'ors, aiding them for several years. In 1 8 1 8 he crossed the Illinois River near the place where he afterward settled and where our subject now lives. At one time, while he was with a surveying party, the sup- ply of tobacco gave out and he was sent on fool to St. Louis, a distance of one hundred and fifty miles, to get some. While on this journey he suffered so from thirst that he was compelled to drink water from holes in wdiich bull frogs staid. His route to St. Louis lay through a dense wilderness and he was guided by a compass. He remained with the surveying party until he was competent to perform their labors and on one occasion took the place of the leading surveyor who was sick. In the fall of 1822 James Gardner, Sr., and PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 517 CInrles Gai-dner, acconipanipd by a stranger left Sanjramon Comity to seek a location in tiiis sct'tion of tiio State. Tl'ey crossed the Illinois River at Havana where they found tliree white settler^ and saw no further trace of white men until they reached Lewistown where Ossian M. Ross had lo- cated. They found a [ilace to suit them on section 34, Isabel Township, and .Tames Gardner, Sr. built a log cabin at the foot of the bluffs just below the mansion afterward erected. He |)lanted corn and m^ons the following spring and increased his agri- cultural operations as he was able to prepare the land for crops and add to his conveniences for cul- tivating it. When he first came the Indians — Pot- tawatomies and Kickapoos — were numerous and would come in his absence and take melons from his patch. They would, however, always leave a piece of venison hanging by the door for ])ayment. Mr. Gardner became very familiar with the red men, learning tlieir language and frequently hunt- ing with them. He was an expert willi a rille and successful in his pursuit of various kinds of game. His son now has the old flintlock rifle, hunting knife, buckskin coat and pouch which he carried on his expeditions. The knife saved his life on several occasions, once in an encounter with a wolf and once with a wild boar. In those da3-s Mr. Gardner used to grind corn in a hand mill from which to make johnnycakes. At the time of his death which took place August 18, 1873, he was the owner of tliree hundred and sixty acres in Isabel Township, and two hundreo . ^^^EORGE GREEN is a native born citizen 'II (^-^ of Fulton Count}', and since attaining man- '^^!| hood has identified himself with its exten- sive agricultural and stock-raising interests, and is prosperously carrying on his vocation on the old homestead in Orion Township, which is the place of his birth. He is the son of a former well-known pioneer of the count}', the late Zelman A. Green who was prominent in i)Ublic life and whose death was a blow to the interests of this locality. The subject of this biographical review, was born in Orion Township, June 26, 1843. His fa- ther was a native of Cayuga County, N. Y., and in the opening years of a vigorous manhood he came from there to Fulton County, and established him- self among its early settlers, and during his life bore an honorable part in developing the country and in looking after its civic interests. He was a man of sterling, upright character and of excellent business ability and was naturally selected by his fellow-citizens to take a part in the management of public affairs, and for several years he served ,as Supervisor of the township and in that capacit} looks ze.alously after the interests of township and county. He also held the offices of Justice of the Peace, Constable, etc., and in whatever capacity he served was a faithful and efficient official. He was thoroughly Democratic in his political views, as was his father before him. He was a member of the Masonic fraternity for many years. Mr. Green was a victim of the terrible railw,a}' disaster at Chatsworth in 1887, when he was instantly killed, he being on his way to Niagara Falls. His wife had preceded him to the grave, her dejith occurring some fourteen years ago. She was a woman of ex- cellent character, and was a sincere Christian. Our subject has three sisters, one of whom. Mrs. Dora Hague, lives on a part of the homestead; Louisa is PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 519 the wife of James Hudson, of McDonough Countjr, and Mary is tlie wife of Jeremiali Wooding, of Michigan. He of whom we write, was reared to manliood on the old homestead, receiving his education in the local schools, and from his father sound prac- « tical knowledge of farming in all its branches. "When ho arrived at years of discretion he adopted the calling to which he had been bred, and is prin- cipall)' engaged in raising stock although he also raises considerable grain .and other produce. The farm of one hundred and sixty .acres, is under ad- mirable cultivation, and is well supplied with com- fortable and commodious buildings and ever}- appliance for conducting agriculture to the best advantage. Mr. Green was married in February 1866, to Miss Matilda Johnson of Wooster, Ohio, and they have established a cozy home which is the center of that true hospitality, that welcomes the coming and si)eeds the parting guest. They have one child — Helen Blanche, a young ladj* of twenty-two years, who resides at Canton. ;Mr. Green is greatly resiiected in this township where his life has thus far been passed, and his ca- reer has been creditalile to his native county. He holds the ottice of School Director and is earnest in his effoils to forward the educational interests of this locality. He seems to have inherited the po- litical faith of his forefathers, and is a strong Dem- ocrat. >^^.iaii»a^'4a^w^afe-A;a,s»>j»<^:-fl»fe.^ Residence of Dr.A. R. Howard, 305. Main 5t. Canton. Ill, PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. ^23 England. The great-grandfather of our subject was a high official in the British army during the Revolutionary AVar, and on two occasions was threatened with hanging by American citizens. The father of our subject was born in 1803 and is still living and owns large estates both in Eng- land and Canada. To him and his wife were born five children, namely: Josephine, who lives in Eng- land; Leonora Annetta; our subject: Eugene Elgin and Sarah Isabella. The latter is bj- marriage a cousin of the Rev. T. DeWitt Talinage and resides in Paris. Eugene E. is a namesaice of Lord Elgin. Tiie second daughter in this family-, Leonora, studied medicine in Ontario, was graduated in Ann Arbor, Mich., and went to Cliina as a physician and surgeon under the auspices of the Methodist Eiiis- copal Church of America. In connection with her medical and surgery work she also devoted much time to missionary' labor. Her naine is known the world over. After about five years spent in China slie became the wife of ti\e Rev. Alexander King, of Dundee, .Scotland, who stands in the same rela- tion to the church in .Scotland as the Rev. Henry Ward Beecher occupied in America, or Mr. Spur- geon in England. Even after lier marriage Dr. Howard King, as she is now called, continued j'ear after year to add to her fame. She cured tlie Viceroy's wife of dis- ease after all native pliysicians had failed. This Viceroy is the noted Li Hung Chang, who is in favor with the white people and holds the Kmperor in check when occasion demands. In 'token of their gratitude Li Hung Chang and his wife built a med- ical college and hospital for Mrs. Dr. King. She is the phj'sician of the aristocrac3' of Ciiina and be- ing a well-known philantliropist. figures as such in the social and religious affairs in every part of the civilized world. Wlien our subject was about two years old the family removed to Toronto, Canada, but after so- journing tliere two or three years, returned to England, where Dr. Howard received his education under a preceptor, as is customary among the bet- ter classes of people in England. When he was eleven j^ears of age he once more accompanied the family to America, settling in Toronto, Canada, where he attended Prof. W^illiam Robbins' Normal School one and one-half years. He studied medi- cine under his noted uncle, Dr. William Wilkie Howard, and also took one course of lectures at Queens Medical College, Kingston, Canada. He left home when a mere youth in a boyish fit of anger and has never attempted a reconcili.ation with his relatives, his knowledge of the family' being therefore ver^' limited. At the time of the completion of his medical studies Dr. Howard was twenty-eight years of age and for a time lived in Chicago and later took three courses of lectures in Cincinnati, Ohio. He was thoroughly posted in his profession when he came to Canton and such is his popularity that while he began in poverty he h.as without receiving aid from friends or relatives made a comfortable fortune for himself. In all his efforts he has received the hearty co-operation of his wife, who was prior to her marriage Miss Viola Beever. Slie is a native of Ohio and was united in marriage with the Doc- tor in Galesburg, III. Dr. Howard is a conscien- tious worker and is greatly respected tiiroughout the county. His success has been phenomenal and he has effected several marvelous cures, but mod- estly says that "so far .as curing people goes, no doctor can saj^ 'we give them medicine and they get well.' " The Doctor has a comfortable home in Canton, and a view of this with the lawn and other pleasant surroundings appears in this volume. ife°= EWELL PALMER WOOD is a bright and talented young writer, who is making of the Farmington Bugle a wide-awake and well managed newspai)er. He was born at Elaiwood, Peoria County, February 17, ISCl. His father, William II. Wood, a well-known resident of Farmington was born in Herkimer Count}-, N. Y., fifty-nine years ago. He has worked at various trades, being employed at different times as sawyer, engineer, and for seventeen years he was superinten- dent of the Phelps farm at Elmwood. At present he is superintendent of the Mound Nurser}' at Farming- ton. In early manhood he married Hester Ann Pros- 524 POKTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALKUM. sor. n native of Ri chland County, Ohio. He came to Fai'iuington, December '25, 1853, when he was but ejo^hteen years of age. His wife hart come to Elni- wood Township with her parents when she was but two years olrt. In young womanhood she came to Fiirmington where she worked as a dressmaker and tailoress and there met Mr. Wood and was married to him in Elmwood in 1857. Our subject is the onl^' living child of his par- ents. He is a worthy descendant of one of tlie eaily families of the Moliawk Valley-. X. Y. His early life was spent at Elmwood, where he laid the basis of a sound education in the public schools. At the age of seventeen he engaged as an appren- tice to R. H. Miller, editor of the Elmwood Ga- zette. Thirteen months after, Mr. Miller gave up the paper and the Gazette was given into the charge of our subject when he was but nineteen years old, and, though so j'ouug, he displayed marked ability in its management, and conducted it very success- fully for two and one-half years. After that he made a lirief visit of one month to Dakota, where for a short time he had charge of a |)aper. He re- turned to Farmington in October, 1883, and then purchased the Farmington Bugle, which had been established by Capt. J. I. Wilson in 1^80. Being a young man of great energy, ability and tenac- ity of purpose, our subject has made a decided success of the Bugle, having within the past six years increased its list of subscribers from four hundred and eighty, to eight hundred, and Las en- larged the paper to meet the demands of the read- ing public. Since purchasing he has withstood the competition of two other newspapers at Farming- ton, and now has sole possession of the field. Mr. Wood has a comfortable, well-furnished res- idence in the north part of the village. To the lady who presides over this attractive home he was married in the month of October, 1887. Mrs. AVood was Lura Lobaugh, and is a daughter of Dr. Lobaugh of whom see sketch in this Bio- graphical Albu.m. She is a lad^- of marked re- finement and culture. She was born in Elmwood and laid the foundation of her education at the Elmwood High School of which she is a graduate, and she subsequently spent a year each in the Iowa CiiUegeat Grinnell, and at Kuox College at Gales- burg. She and her husband have two children, both boys. Mr. Wood is very prominently identi- fied with the I. O. O. F., as a member of Memento Lodge No. 44, of which he is at present Secretary, and he has held various other offices in the order ever since his connection with it. He is also a member of the Patriarch Jlilitant. As the editor of a good newspaper he wields marked influence in the public and political life of his community. He is a stanch Republican but the tenor of the Bugle is independent as regards political matters. ^ ETER DAILY, a retired builder and capi- I) talist, one of the wealthy men of this county, has done as much or more than an}' other man to promote the growth and ma- terial prosperity' of Canton. He was born in the count}' of Meath, in the vicinitj- of Dublin, Ire- land, June 6, 1830, the eleventh child of Garrett and Frances (Flood) Dail)'. His father was a mod- est farmer and in 1850, emigrated to this countrj' with his family, landing at New York City. He located in Somerset County, N. J., and there died in 1853. In 1856 the mother and the rest of the family came to Fulton County, and here she passed the remainder of her life, dying in 1879, quite ad- vanced in jears. Peter Dailj' received most of his education in his native country. After his arrival in the L'niled States, he went to work on a farm in New Jersey, and on coming to Fulton County, he learned the trade of a bricklayer and plasterer. For a short time he engaged in the saloon business, but soon abandoned that and began building houses, he hav- ing prudenth' saved his money and acquired a good capital. He bought land and lots which increased in value and he built fift3'-eight houses, and was one of the most extensive builders in Canton, or this part of the county. Fifteen or twenty of the buildings he put up were dwellings, from whose rental he derives a handsome income. He erected the Canton Opera House, the first in the place. He has a fine farm within the corporate limits of the city. He has a handsome residence on Pleasant PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 525 Street, and the neat, well-laid out grounds with the prett3' fountain, shrubbeiT and flowers, add to the beauty of home attractions. He owns much other valuable property and has all his money judiciously invested so as to insure him good returns. Our subject has betn twice married. His first marriaufc was with Ann McGiunis. and was con- tracted in New Jersey in \^;ti. Slie died in this county in 1868, leaving two children — Joseph and Garrett. He married his second wife, Johanna McMahon, in 1872. She is a native of this county and a daughter of Michael McMahon. Her union with our subject has been productive of five chil- dren: Elizabeth, Agnes, Fred, Anna and Lillie. Mr. Daily's career as a business man has been marked by honest and fair dealings, and his name is honored in finp.ncial circles. He is zealous in promoting the religious interests of the community, where he has dwelt so long, and is one of the prominent members of the Catholic Church. He was one of the organizers of the church here and was a liberal contributor towards the erection of the present magnificent brick building in which that society now worships, presided over by Father Fall- ihee. In his political views he is a decided Demo- crat. ^^ -^ AHLON T. MOWERY. Among the prom- inent and successful business men ranks Mahlon T. Mowery, the subject of the piesent sketch. His father, Jacob Mowery, was a native of Pennsylvania, being of Dutch de- scent; and the mother, Mary Jane (Henderson) Mowery, was born in Ohio and belonged to an old and honored Scotch-Irish family. The father was a blacksmith by trade, and later in life was a lumber dealer, and also devoted much attention to culti- vating the soil. He moved to Illinois while still a young man, settling in Fulton County, and was there married, and continued to reside there until his death in 1885, and the mother, who is sixty-five years of age, makes Futmau Township her home. Both he and his wife were members of the Methodist Episcopal Chur( h. They were the parents of seven children, four of whom are now living, viz: Eliz- abeth, Mrs. Alf McBroom, of Canton; America, widow of J. M. Thomas, who lives in Cuba; Mahlon T. ; Judah C, the wife of P. W.Gallagher, an attorney at Canton. Our subject was born July 2, 18.J5, on the farm upon which he now resides. His education was received in Cuba, and immediately after finish- ing school he turned his attention to farming, and has always lived in this place. In November, 1879, he married Miss Emma C. Seiver, daughter of Noah Seiver, of Lewistown, one of the oldest settlers in Fulton County. Mrs. Mowery was born August 2, 1868, in Fulton County. She received an excellent education in the common schools of her native place, and is a skilled musician, being equally proficient in vocal and instrumental music. Shortly after their marriage Mr. Mowery took control of the home farm. They are the parents of two children, viz: Mabel F., who is nine 3'ears old ; and Charles Jacob, a lad of seven years. Both children attend ttje district school at Cuba, and are making rapid progress in their studies. The subject of this sketch is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, is a popular business man, and takes a lively in*;erest in all political issues, and devotes his energy to the advancement of the Democratic party. Mr. Mowery's time and attention are devoted to the successful cultivation of his estate, which comprises one hundred and forty-seven acres of valuable land, and lies within the corporate limits of Cuba. He has a handsome brick residence which was built in 1880. In that year the house which had previouslj^ stood on the same spot, was burned to the ground. In addition to this property Mr. Mowery owns ten acres of l.ind in Pulman Township, and a half-interest in one hundred and sixty acres of sections 7 and 8, Cass Township. And also a half interest in one hundred and seventy-nine acres of section 18, in Cass Township. This pro])- erty is well improved, and the rent from same yields a handsome income. Our sul'ject is a wide-awake energetic man, and one who by strict integrity and good judgment has succeeded in a marked degree in the commercial world. He is interested in all worthy matters that affect the public welfare of the community in which 526 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. he resides, and is at all times a willing contributor to churches, schools, and other public causes. He has many friends and leads a happy life, surrounded by a loving famil3', numerous friends, and all the comforts which wealth can secure. c4l IkILLIAM H. KETCIIAM. The home of this \/\ii/ g^ntlt^man is on section 12, Lee Township, \^J his farm consisting of one hundred and fifty acres, all under cultivation or in pasture, and devoted to general farming. Nearly the entire acreage was cleared by Mr. Ketcham or men whom he hired for the purpose. It bears good buildings, adequate fences, and the usual amount of fruit, and is further supplied with all the machinery needed in carrying on the farm labor. The owner is num- bered among the oldest settlers in the lownsiiip and is well-known throughout the county. Our subject was born in New York, May 14, 1825, and his parents. Hiram and Nanc}' M. (Austin) Ketcham, were likewise natives of the Empire .State, The family removed to this county about 1849, having previously spent a 3'ear or two in Peoria, The father was called hence about 1866, and the mother about 1860. The son had received his ed- ucation in the district schools of his native State, and in 1850 began to learn the trade of a carpenter, at Havana, Mason Countv. After working there a year he located at Babylon, this countj% where he followed his trade a twelvemonth, after which he took up his residence with his father on section 12, Deerfield Township, He remained with his parents until his marriage, November 14, 1861, when he established his own home. The excellent woman whom Mr. Ketcham had won for his wife was Julia Ann, daughter of Abra- ham and Maria Wagner. She was born Januarj' 25, 1835, and died January 30, 1868, after a brief but happy wedded life. She was the mother of two children,one of whom died in infancy. The survivor, Maria C, was born May 11, 1863. married John Worden and lives in Prairie City Township, McDon- ough County', on a farm of their own. Our subject contracted a second matrimonial alliance March 15, 1874, being at that time united with Mrs, Catherine (Shaffer) Ackley, who was the mother of three children, as follows: Alice A,, Ella V. and Will- iam G. This lady was born on the 29th of June, 1838, in Richland County, Ohio, to Peter and Reg- ina (Myers) Shaffer, who were natives of Pennsyl- vania. Mrs. Shaffer passed awa3' in 1888; Mr. Shaf- ffer is still living, beingan inmate of the home of our subject. The second union of Mr. Ketcham has been blessed by the birth of one son, John Henry, whose natal day was August 6, 1875, and who re- sides with his parents, Mr, Ketcham takes no active part in political aff,airs, but is a Democrat in his belief. He lias served as Pathmaster two j^ears, as School Director one j-ear, and was solicited to act as Justice of the Peace, but declined. He is one of the men to whose efforts was due the building of a sawmill at Bab}'- lon. A reliable, steady-going citizen, an industrious farmer and a good neiglibor. he is looked upon with due respect, and his wife has also many friends. ICHARD E. GRIFFITH, Postmaster of Lewistown, has long been closely connected iki \\\ with the business interests of the city and ^'2^' count}- and is numbered among the foremost citizens of the community. He is a native of this State, born in Peru, January 28, 1853, and a son of Michael and Margaret (McClaren) Griffith. The father of our subject was a man of much learning and was a pioneer teacher in the public schools of Peru, where he died in 1853. The mother subse- quently married Thomas Bowen, who established a wagon shop in Lewistown, this county, and carried on business as a wheelwright here until his death in 1872. The mother passed awaj' in 1865. He of whom we write received a substantial edu- cation in the city schools and when but a boj' com- menced to work with his step-father and learned of him the trade of a wagon-maker. After the latter's death he and his brother C. V. engaged in the busi- ness and carried it on until 1880 and then began to deal in agricultural implements, and also dealt in railroad ties, etc. Mr. Gritlith continued in that PUKTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 527 business until his appointment as Postmaster in 1889, a position for which lie is amply qualitied in every respect and whose duties he is discharging very satisfactoril)'. December 31, 1S76, the marriage of our suhject with Miss CalistaE. Guernsey was duly solemnized. She was born in Illinois, in Lee Township, this county. They have here a very pleasant home and the gracious cordiality of the hostess and the cour- teous hospitality of the host often attract to it friends from a large circle of acquaintances. In his career as a man of business and a civic ollicial, our subject has displ.ayed an excellent ca- pacity for the management of affairs with tact, promptness and discretion, and the possession of these qualities pointed to him as a man well fitted for the responsibilities of the federal position he is so ably filling. He has always been a Republican and has given his party his most earnest support. He has served eight years as Deputy .Sheriff and for two years was a member of the City Council. He was identified with that honorable body at the time the water-works were projected, and as a mem- ber of the water-works committee was very active in securing their establishment. He was also one of the committee of ways and means and of streets and alleys, and was chairman of the committee on police and fire. He has served as delegate to nu- merous county, Senatorial and Congressional con- ventions, and his wise counsels are valued by his party. He is a member of Lewistown Camp. No. 228, M. W. A. lEV. JOHN AV. JOHNSON. It has been said by a famous poet, "The evil that men do lives after them; the good is oft interred ^^) with their bones." It is the purpose of the biographical writer to change this order, which is, alas, too true in many cases, and to perpetuate the good deeds and worthy efforts of the citizens of the county. We are therefore glad to be able to pre- sent to our readers the simple facts regarding the gentleman above nameo was born in Ohio in 1809. She was a daughter of John Jlartin who is supposed to have been a native of Ohio. He was a farmer by occupation and came to Illinois at a very early day o*f its settle- ment and located in that part of Sangamon County now known as Logan County, where he died on a farm at the age of eighty years. He was a, volun- teer soldier in the War of 1812 and was in the surrender of Hull. The maternal great grand-par- ents of subject c;unc to America from Germany, and could not speak a word of English. .Taconiah Langston, the father of our subject, farmed in Sangamon till 1842, when he came to this county, took up his residence in Vermont Town- shi|i. studied law and was .admitted to the bar. He had cpiite a Large office business in shape of counsel, but seldom pr.acticed in the courts and then only before Justices of the Peace. His whole career marked him as a man of honor and unswerv- ing integrit}'-, and in him the Christian Church found one of its most faithful members. Politic- ally he was a stanch advocate of the Whig party. After his death, his widow moved to Johnson County, Mo., where she died at the age of seventy- eight years. She was the mother of ten children, of whom eight grew to maturity, namely : Savilla, John M., James, Asa, Rachael, Anna, William and Nancy. The gentleman of wh(>ra this sketch is written was reared on a farm in Logan County till he whs nine years old. He then c;ime to Vermont, in this county, with his [larcnts. where the remaining yeais of his bo.yliood were passed. His education was conducted in the primitive log schoolhouses with slab benches, open fir"-place, etc. From the time ho was large enough till the year 1852, he was en- gaged in driving a team. After that he gave his attention to fai luing eiglit years. In 1859 our sub- ject crossed the .plains with an ox-team in search of gold in California, and was five months on the way. After his arrival in that State he worked in placer mines ten months and then with the money thus procured ho returned home b^' water. In 1861 he again crossed the plains to the Golden State, and engaged in teaming and gardening till 1 863 and then came back to Illinois by stage. Our subject is a veteran of the late war. Feb- ruary IS, 1865, his name was enrolled as a member of Conipany I). One Hundred and Fifty-first Illi- nois Infantry. His regiment was sent to Nashville, Tenn., thence to Dalton, Ga., where it did guard duty until April 30, 1865. Our subject and his fellow soldiers went to Kesaca, (ia., after that and then made their way to Kingston in the PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 529 same State and to other lai-jre towns. Mr. Lang- ston finally went to Geneva, Ga., where he and his regiment were detailed on detached service till .lamiary 24, 1866, when they were mustered out at Columbus. Ga. After his return from the seat of war, our sub- ject followed cariientcring until a year a<,'o. In 1869 he removed to Summum, and in ISS;") he es- tablished himself in business here as an undertaker. One y^'ar later he put in a stock of furniture and he also kee|)s wall paper, window glass and some no- tions. He is conducting an excellent business after the. best methods and is making money. He has a neat and well-fitted up establishment, and his patrons know well that whatever he furnishes them is of the best in all respects. Mr. Langston and Miss Martha Shields were married Febru:iry 11. 1867, and to them have come three cliildren : Marietta, INIeritt, and Charles R. Mrs. Langston is a native of this county, liorn in Woodland Township, May 12, 1839. She .and her husb.'ind have a home that is well furnished and attractive and its hospitality is noted among their numerous friends. Mr. Langston is a stal- wart among the Republicans of this vicinity. He was appointed Postmaster of Summum, August 20, 1889, and is found to be the right man in the right place. He is courteous, gentlemanly and considerate in his dealings with all, and is among our best citizens. ^= E^-^ E^ NOCH J. PARRY, son of an oh this county, has for many yea ; carrying on its agriculture. He >^j^) NOCH J. PARRY, son of an old pioneer of years aided in e has a good farm on section 27, Astoria Township, which is under admirable tillage, and is well i)rovided with substantial buildings and all needful appliances for carrying on farming to the best advantage. Mr. Parry was born in Ohio, December 19, 1832, is a son of Caleb and Rebecca (Engle) Parry. The Engles were of Irish extraction. The paternal grandfather of our subject was Llewellyn Parry, who was born near Manchester. Va. He married Deborah Barrett and they reared the following seven chil- dren : Sidney, Margaret, Hannah, Caleb, .John, Thomas and Stephen, all of whom married and h."d families excepting Margaret. They were of the Quaker faith. Llewellyn Parry was a grandson of another Llewellyn Parrj', who, with two brothers, John and William, crime from Wales about 1672. and settled in Virginiii. The grandfather of our subject had two brotjiers, Stephen and Roland. He removed to Ohio in 1806. with his wife and three children, making the journey on hoiseback, and settled in Harrison County, where he and his wife both died, his death occurring the following year. The father of our subject was born February 8, 1 784, in Virginia. In early manhood he went to Ohio and entered one hundred and sixty acres of land, and afterward returned and took his parents to that State. He made the journey on foot to and from his old home several times building his resid- ence in Ohio, crossing the mountnins seventeen times, and on one trip he averaged fifty miles a day. He was strong stalwart man of a powerful physique, and by hard labor accumulated a compe- tence. He moved from Harrison County to Tus- carawas County, Ohio, and from there came to Illinois in the fall of 1835. He first located in Sangamon County, but in the spiing of 1836 re- moved to this county, and was an early settler of Astoria Township. He bought one hundred and twenty acres of land on section 27, and made his home thereon till 1850, when he took up his resi- dence in the northern part of the township. He lived there six ye.irs and then he and Amos Quillan bought three hundred and sixteen acres of land on section 27. He sold his interest in that place be- fore his death, and during the last eight years of his life lived with our subject, dying J.anuary 29, 1860. His wife was born December 20, 1793 and died November 20, 1886. She was a daughter of Levi and Nancy ICngle, who went to Ohio from Virginia, and were early pioneers of the Buckeye State. Mr. Engle died in Ohio and his widow in Sangamon County, this State. Their children were Michael, Levi, William, Isaac, Peggie, Pollie, Ellen and Rebecca. The following is recorded of the children of the parents of our subject. Thomas was born January 19, 1812; Llewellyn, April 15, 1813; Benjamin, 530 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. December 26, 1814; Mary, December 8, 1816; John, September 19, 1818; Hannah. November 27, 1820; William, June 16, 1822; Nancy A., October 17, 1824; Rheuam. March 29, 1828; Rebecca, May 20, 1830; Enoch J., December 19, 1832. All grew to manliood antt womanhoocl and reare^|= ns^ jf7 EONARD D. SLOCUM. Fulton County is I /?p tlie home of a goodly number of men who iJ '-^V have put forth such industrious and well- directed efforts that they have been enabled to re- tire from tlic toils and cares of life and are now .s|)ending their time in ease and enjoyment. Among this number is the gentleman above named, who occu|)ies an actractive home on section 28, Canton Township. His proiierty here consists of one hun- dred and eleven acres of fertile land on which he has erected every building necessary in carrying on the work of the estate, all being substantial and well arranged. The gentleman of whom we write is a son of Wanton and Sally (Austin) Slocum, both of wluun entered into rest in Erie County, Pa. The father was born iu Chenango (bounty and the nnither in Genesee County, N. Y. Our subject was liorn in the latter county, in the town of Leicester, January 1, 1824, and was an infant of six months when his parents removed to Chautauqua County. There he passed his boyhood days until twelve years old, when a removal to Erie County, Pa., took place. After he became of age young Slocum returned to his birthplace and in its vicinity he was engaged in farming for several years. For some ten years he was employed in a distillery there. In 1858 Mr. Slocum came to Peoria with his family, his first employment being as foreman in Morse ife Bradley's distillery. After capably dis- charging the duties of that position for two years he bought the old Stipp & Maple distillery, which he operated in company with J. H. McCall for five years. The two gentleman then engaged iu farm- ing, a pursuit which Mr. Slocuni continued until recently. While carrying on his personal affairs with zeal and enterprise. Mr. Slocum has found time to participate actively in the political move- Wl LLI AM ROSE PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 533 mcnls of the locality, giving his lieartj' support to the Democratic partj'. He is a law-abiding citizen, held in tiie esteem due to his personal qualities and honorable life. Mr. iSlocum was fortunate in winning for his companion a lady possessed of energy, intelligence, notable skill as a housewife and excellent charac- ter. This lady was Miss Eliza Lear3', who was born in Ireland in 1834, and became Mrs. Slocum May 14, 1854, the wedding being solemnized in Rochester, N. Y. Her parents, John and Margaret (Buckley) Leary, emigrated from the Emerald Isle to America in 1842, settling in Westchester County, N. Y., where both subsequently died. Mr. and Mis. Slocum are the parents of two children; Charles S., who married Mary Barnard, and Ida, who is the wife of William A. Ilowatt. ILLIAM ROSE. Among the pioneers and substantial farmers of this county, this gentleman was numbered. He began life empty handed, but by unremitting industry, sec- onded 1)3^ sound judgment and shrewd business faculties he acquired wealth, became an extensive landowner and the proprietor of several valuable farms. He was a resident of Vermont Township, which was deprived of a good citizen by his demise. His portrait is shown on the opposite page. Mr. Rose was a native of Ohio, born March '22, 1816, in Guernsey County, in the pioneer home of William and Susan (DoUard) Rose. The parents died in Ohio. Their marriage was productive of seven sons and two daughters, namely : Thomas, Reuben, William, Uriah, Robert, Eliliu, George, Jane and Eliza, all of whom married and reared families excepting the latter. In early days. Mr. Rose was a boatman on the Ohio River. About 1830 he located in Clermont County, Ohio, where he was married at a very youthful age, December 31, 1831, taking as his wife Miss Anna Linn. She was a native of that county and was born October 24, 1816. In the month of October, 1836, our subject came to Illi nois vvith a yoke of cattle and a horse, accompanied by his family. The little party was six weeks on the road, having camped out every night. The first winter was passed south of Ipava, and the next year Mr. Rose entered one hundred and sixty acres of land in Astoria Township on section 3, all of which was heavily timbered. Mr. Rose was a man of remarkable energy and industry and in the years of pioneer labor that fol- lowed his settlement here he accumulated a hand- some property. To his first purchase he added three hundred and twenty acres of land, and sub- sequently' became the proprietor of two farms in McDonough County, one of one hundred and sixty acres and the other of eighty acres; he also owned one hundred and sixty acres of land in Waj'ne County, Iowa, besides the seventy acres south of the village of Vermont on which his widow now re- sides. When he left Ohio, his earthly possessions were comprised in $600 in money and a yoke of cattle. He had left home early in life, buying his freedom of his father, and every dollar of his wealth was earned by his own hand. The busv and honorable life of our subject was brought to a close by his death March 15, 1889. Thus one of the most highl3' esteemed citizens was removed from the community, one wlio had been kind and obliging as a neighbor and friend, and in his domestic rchtions was a good husband and a wise father. He and his wife were devoted mem- bers of the United Brethren Church, with which she is still connected. He was a liberal and free giver to the support of the church and was Steward for many 3'ears. He was a Democrat in politics. Mrs. Rose who survives her husband is a sincere Christian woman and is greatly respected. She is a daughter of Solomon and Elizabeth (Van Sickle) Linn, who were born in Pennsylvania and were earl3- settlers of Clermont Count3', Ohio. They came to Illinois with Mr. Rose and settled in Fulton County. They were the parents of seven children — John, Ada, Jane, Anna, Elizabeth, Nellie and Amanda, all of whom married and reared families. Mrs. Linn was a member of the Baptist Church. By her marriage Mrs. Rose became the mother of ten children, as follows: John V., of Bushnell; James; Reuben, deceased ; Elizabeth J., wife of Andy Bryan ; Susan, wife of K. Lindsay; o34 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. Ann Eliza, wife of Frank Mumey, of Saline County, Neb.; ImIHIi, ilcceased, vvifc of John S. Niick, of Iowa; KsU'line. deceased; William R., in Astoria Township; Uriah T., of New Central City, Neb. Ha- LFRED III GHBANKS may be considered a pioneer of Fulton County. Me has been iii actively identified with its practical, pros- ,^j, perous farmers for many 3'ears, and is the proprietor of a large and valuable farm on section ,30. in the southwestern part of Joshua Township. He is a Kentuekian by birth, born near the town of Newjiort, November 15, 1823. His parents, George and Retty Huglibanks, were natives of Pennsylvania and Maryland, respectively. His fa- ther was a fanner and removed from Kentucky to Parke County. Ind., in 1837, making the long and tiresome journey through the intervening wilder- ness with a yoke of oxen, he and his family sub- sisting partly on the game that they killed on the road. Mr. Huglibanks lived in Indiana for many years, but he did not make much headway in ac- quiring property so he concluded to try life in the Prairie .State, and in 1840 he came hither. He lo- cated in Young Hickory Township, and lived there until the time of his death, which occurred in 1843. His wife departed this life one year before he did. They were the parents of ten children. He of wliom we write, remained an inmate of the parental home until he was twenty-two years old and was of great assistance to his father in his farm labors. In 1846 he married and established a home of his own, taking Miss Louisa Wilson as his wife. Her parents came from New York and were early settlers of this State. Mr. and Mrs. Ilughbanks have reared a large family of children, all of whom are living but two. Three of their boys are at luinie and ali of them are interested in agricultural jiursuits in connection with their father. Our subject may be considered one of the early settlers of Fulton County and he has done much to promote its material prosperity. He is one of our self-made men and had to start out in life with but ittle education. A cool head, sound common sense, and good business tact have perhaps served his purpose better as by hard work and close economy he has placed himself amongst the wealthy farmers of this part of the county. He owns two hundred acres of good farming laiul, which is well Stocked with cattle and hogs of a tine grade, and from his agricultural interests he derives a hand- some income. When he and his wife began life together, they started out with but the bare neces- sities and none of tlie comforts of home. They had no bed to sleep on but had to devise a rougli couch to take tiie place of one, and their other furni- ture was of the same primitive order. Now they have a [ileasant home, replete with every comfort that one could desire. For several 3'ears iMr. Hugh- banks resided in McDonough Coinitj', and liis in- vestment in land in that count}' in eleven years gave him a net proHt of §10.000, or forty per cent realized on the worth of his real estate in that re- gion. His present residence is on his fine farm on section 30, in the southwestern corner of Joshua Township. Mr. Ilughbanks is a strong advocate of the Re- publican part}'. He and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church and have been for many years, and they take a consi)icuous part in church matters. They are worthy people whose pleasant, social and moral qualities have won them many friends during their many years residence here and have made them an inBueuee for much gnod in social and religious matters. -^^ ARCUS R. MORAN. This young gentle- man is numbered among the live business men of Canton where he has for several years been established as a photographer. He is a native of this county, born in the county seat February 22, 18()1, and was about three years old when his parents removed to Canton. Here he received the greater part of his education. After his parents removed to a farm he spent a jiortion of his time working thereon until he liad attained his twentieth year, when he returned to the city to leain the art of photography. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 535 In the gallery of C. W. Mangrura young Moran acquired a good knowledge of his art and in 1883 embarked in the business for himself. Ho opened a gallery at No. 126 Slain Street, where he is still located, occupying the entire upiier floor of the building and having liis large, airy rooms well fur- nished with all the late appliances known to jiho- tographers. Ills work is of superior finish and ho has no reason to be dissatisfied with the amount of patronage he receives. He and his brother own tile building in which he is located and also the one adjoining. The intelligence and womanly qualities of Miss Susan Trites, of Canton Township, won the regard of Mr. Moran and after a successful wooing they were united in marriage February 22, 1885. Mrs. Moran is the youngest daughter of George J. and Louise Tiites who came to this county from riiila- delphia in 1848. Here she was born and reared and possesses a large circle of friends. Her capa- bility as a homekeeper is indicated in the comfort- able surroundings and internal arrangement." of the pleasant residence at J^o. 209, South Main Street, where friends are ever cordially greeted. The social and benevolent qualities of our sub- ject have led him to identify himself with Jefferson Lodge No. 7, I. O. O. F., he having obtained all the highest honors of that lodge. He is well informed * regarding general topics, and having carefully weighed the iiolitical questions of the day, has identified himself with the Republican party. He is a popular member of society, and has an excel- lent reputation in business circles. The parents of our suliject weie living in this count}' when their marriage took jjlace. The father, William II. Moran, was boi'n in the city of Balti- more, ]\Id., being a son of Ric^hard L. Moran, an early settler in that State and of French extraction. The mother was Susan Ann. daughter of Samuel Evans, a native of England, and was born in the city of New York. Her parents moved to this county when she was a young girl, locating in Lew- istown where she grew to womanhood. After her marriage to William H. Moran, the county seat was still her home until 18C4, wiien the family removed to Canton. In Lewistown Mr. Moran followed blacksmithing, which trade he had learned in the State of Mississippi. In Canton he lived somewhat retired for a few years, then remf)ved to a farm in Buckheart Township, where he died in 1877. His wife and two children survived him. The former subsequently married Robert Sebree. She is itill living but Mr. Sebree is now deceased. The brother and sister of our subject are — William H. Moran, Jr., a resident of Buckheart Township, and Mary L., wife of Milo G. Rader now of Chicago. ^^ HARLES W. MFMMEY is the leading hard- II ware merchant and agricultural implement "^^y dealer of Farmington. He is a nian of talent, of wide experience, and stands high in tlie financial ciix-les of the county. He is a native of Ohio, born in McConnellsville, Morgan County, January 19, 1840. In Fiim is mingled the blood of many nationalities — English, Welsh, French and Dutch — and he can trace his ancestry back for a period of more than one hundred and fifty j-ears, he being a re|>resentative of one of the earliest Colonial families of America, whose members were identified with the early American wars. The |)aternal great-grandfather of our subject, Christopher Mummey, was born in Maryland, and he served in the War of the Revolution. After peace was declared he continued in the employ of the Government until 1800 .as an Indian soldier and scout, and was a celebrated frontiersman. He was with St. Clair at the defeat of the Americans, antl took part in several of the Indian skirmishes. He rounded out a life of eighty years. His son John, grandfather of our subject, lived in Brook County, Va., till his death, when about eighty j-ears old. The grandmother of our subject was a Hammond. The Hammonds were of English descent; there are relics such as silver buckles, buttons, etc., that their forefathers brought from England, which are still in possession of Ihe family. The parents of our subject, David and Sarah A. (Smith) Mummey, were natives respectively of Wellsburg, Brook County, Va., and Morgan County, Ohio. His father was an earlv settler of Morgan 536 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. County, and was a pioneer in the dry goods busi- ness there, conducting an extensive trade at Mc- Connellsville. He subsequently removed to Kansas and died in his new home in Milton, Summer County-, in 1885, at the age of sixtj'-seven years. He was twice married; liis first wife, the raotlier of our subject, died at McConnellsville in 1847, leaving two children, Charles W., and William H. By his second marriage he had the following children: Fletcher, Homer, Harry, Fred, Lida, Addie, Ruth, Fimnie. Luin and Nellie. The father was a prominent man in politics, affiliating with the Whigs and was once a candidate of that party for the Legislature. Charles Munimey's early life was passed amid the s?enes of his birth, and he acquired a good knowl- edge of business in his youth by working in his father's store. His father handled gre.at quantities (>f produce, which he sent away on flatboats, and as a boy Charles managed one of these boats. In 18(U he commenced as a pilot on the Ohio River, and was engaged in carrying supplie?, cannon shot, shell, etc., for the Government, and also transported mules and soldiers by the thousands to the Union armies in the South. He continued as pilot till 18(;s. his run being between I'ittsburg and Cincin- nati. He finished a course of stu()y at the Mc- Connellsville graded schools and at tlie High Schocil in his youth, and laid a solid foundation for his career as a business man. In the year 1871 Mr. Muinmey removed with his famil}' to Peoria, where he entered the emplo}" of Sloan, Johnson i\: Co., of that city, as a mercan- tile traveler, remaining with them in that capacity seven years. In 1878 he went to Sumner County, Kan., and there |uiicliased five hundred and sixty acres of land. He improved three hundred and twenty acres of it, and besides sold goods, took charge of a post-otlice and loaned money to the people of Sumner County, Kan., conducting these various operations with excellent success. He sold out his interests in Kansas in 1885, and came back to Illinois and engaged in the liardware business. In 1880 he entered into the employ of Charles J. Off, of Peoria, as a commercial agent, and traveled on the road till 1885. He has been very prosperous as a hardware merchant, and in the sale of agri- cultur.al implements, buggies and carriages, he has built up a large trade. January 18, 1862. was the date of the marriage of JNIr. Mumraey, with Miss Sarah A., daughter of Simpkin II. and Jane (Gr.aham) Brown. Her father and mother were both born near New Athens, Harrison County, Ohio, and wtre farmers. Mrs. Mummey is the fonrth of a family of seven children. She was well educated at LTnionville, Ohio. Mr. and iNIrs. Mummey have a large and interesting family circle, as they have had ten children, namely : Mary V., Annie F., William H., Charles B., Fred (who died at the age of two years), F. M., A V.. Alice, Edith, and Harry. Miss Mary is livini; in Peoria. The others are at home. Mr. Mummey is a man of fine presence, whose many pleasant social qualities make him a favorite. He is prominent in fraternity circles as a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and in politics is a stanch Republican. AVID NAYLOR. The city of Canton, Ful- ton County, III., is the home of many ener- getic and prosperous business men, who have won for themselves both fame and fortune, but none merit more praise, or are more highly esteemed than he whose history claims attention. He is a native of Somerset County, N. J., being born in that i)lace on the 31st of October in the year 1826, and is the son of Elias and Mary (Pittenger) Naylor. His great-grandfather was born in F^ngland. ,and emigrated from tiiat country to America, settling in New Jerse}-, and in that State was born the grandfather of the subject of this sketch, his name being David Naylor. He was a soldier in the War of 1812 and married Miss Elizabeth Boozenlierry. To them were born four children, viz.: Samuel, Elias, Eliza and Amos. Of these, Elias married Jliss Mary Pittenger, of Som- erset Count3', N. J., and a daughter of Peter and Mary (Lane) Pittenger. Mr. Naylor's ancestors on the maternal side were of Holland-Dulch de- scent, and for several years were residents of the State of New Jersey. His mother was born in 1800 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 539 and departed this life in 1839, leaving five cliil- dien, viz.: David ; Elizabeth, wife of George B. Gniman, of Connecticut; Elias V., who is dead; Sanuiel, niio is at the present lime a resident of Pennsylvania; Amos, who lives at Canton. 111., and owns an interest in a coal mine. Mr. Xaylor's father is living in Pennsylvania and has reached his eighty-seventh year. -He was a farmer and mer- chant, and after the death of his first wife was married again, after which he removed to Easton, Pa. David was reared on a farm and continued to lead that life until lie attained his twelfth year, and at that date sustaining the sad loss of his mother, he went to live with an aunt, whose hus- band — ATiraham Amerman — was a merchant. In his uncle's store he learned the mercantile business, clerking there until twenty-two years of age, and then entering into a partnership in the grocery^ soap and candle business with his uncle Samuel Naylor, at Somerviile, Somerset County, N. J In 1856 this partnership was dissolved, Mr. Xaylor coming west, and locating in Canton, 111., where he Las continued to reside up to the present writing. Immediate!}- after his arrival he formed a partner- ship with Isaac F. Stevens, who also came from the East, and they commenced an extensive sonp and candle business which lasted about eight years, but since that. Mr. Naylor had control of the bus- iness three or four 3'ears. Afterward, he became a |)artner of Mv. Krischke in the tanking business, which proved veiy remun- erative. Just at the present writing Mr. Naylor is not actively engaged in business but deals exten- sively in poultry, which he ships in large quantities. His educational training was received in common .schools, but his natural industry enabled him to acquirean excellent business education. On Janu- ary 25, 1851, he was married to Miss Hannah Schenck. a native of New York State, and a daugh- ter of Henry and Harriet Schenck. Mrs. Naylor died on tlie 18th of May, 188G, leaving a de- voted husband, and three children living to mourn her loss. Of these children. John is a resident of Canton and ergaged in the mercantile business; Mary Lena remains at home with her father; The- odore W. resides in Canton, 111.; and a fourth child, Delove, is deceased. Mr. Naylor has a beautiful home, and is surrounded by all the comforts of life. While not an active politician, or an office seeker, still at the same time he takes pride in using his in- fluence for worth}' political causes. He is generally considered one of the most substantial and enter- prising citizens in the place, and has acquired a considerable amount of money. To such men Canton is indebted for the rapid growth and won- derful prosperity which distinguislies it as a desir- able place of residence. GEORGE PRALL. This gentleman whose [I ,^=1 portrait is shown on the opposite page is the *^5i pioneer business man and settler in the new town of Rapatee. which lies in Knox County, across the line from Fairview Township. His home is the finest residence in the village and was the first erected there. Mr. Prall in partnership with 'Will- iam Harden, (see another page in this Album) built the grain elevator in^l883. He shipped the first carload of grain out of the village, as well as the first load of hogs and cattle. The little town is becoming noted as a grain and stock-shipping cen- ter and for this reputation it depends mainly upon our wide-awake subject. Mv. Prall is largel}' inter- ested in lands in Fairview Tonnship where he was formerly engaged in farming and where he now owns one hundred and sixty acres on section 11, together with'eighty acres on section 14. Before outlining the life history of our subject it may be well to sa^- a few words regarding his parents and their family. 1 lis father, Asher Prall, was born in'Ilunterdon County, N. J., and came to thisIState in'1845, settling on section 11, Fairview Townsiiip. Ilelived to be sixty-six years old. He had married Catherine McGr.ath, a native of New Jersey, who survived her husband. and reached the age of three-score and ten. The good 'couple had four children of ^ whom our subject was the first- born. John, who now lives on a farm in Iowa, married Eliza J. Brunton and has eight children; Jane is the wife of", William Swigert, a retired farmer now living in Rapatee; Cornelius enlisted 540 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. in Compaiij- D, One Hundred and Third Illinois In- fantry-, was taken ill with the measles and died at Cairo, 111., when twenty-one j-ears old. The gentleman whose name initiates this life his- tori' was born October 10, 1831, in Hunterdon County, N. J. He attended the common schools there, and in this couutj', to which he accompanied his (jareuts when he was fourteen years old. The journej' was performed partly hy rail and paril}' by river boats the landing being made at Copperas Creek. The lad assisted his father in tiie develop- nent of the homestead and continued to follow agriculture until his intelligent observation of affairs led him to embark in grain and stock-bu}'- ing, which he tiiought promised to prove remuner- ative. His energ}- and tact are being rewarded in this new enterprise, as his industr}- and skill were in the old. The first marriage of our subjecl took place in Tazewell County, his bride being Miss Rebecca Golden. The union resulted in the birth of one child — Fanny, now the wife of AVilliara Wycoff who lives in Fairview. The wife and mother passed away in 1860. and ilr. Prall subsequently married Catherine, a daughter of John and Jane (Suj-dam) Winters. This union has been blest 1)3' the birth of four children — Cora, Jane, Kale and George, all of whom are still at home, except Cora who mar- ried Frank Grim and lives in Fairview Township. They have two children. Earl and Verley. ^ '^♦^AXIEL CATHERMAN. Worthy among ' the pioneers of this county stancls Daniel Catherman, an early settler of Cass Town- ship, and for many years actively engaged in de- veloping its agricultural interests, improving, from the timber openings where he look up a claim a half-century ago. a good farm. He and his esti- mable wife are now living in retirement in their cozy little home, enjoying a comfortable income from the rental of the homestead, meriting and re- ceiving tlio full respect and esteem of the entire community. Mr. Catherman was born June 16, 1816, in L'nion, Pa. His parents were Jacob and Susan (Spichelmier) Catherman, who were likewise of Pennsylvania birth, and were life-long residents of their native Slate, he dying in 1832 and slie in 1828, when scarcely past life's prime. Two of the seven children born to them are now living. The son of whom we write was bv their early death left an orphan when he most needed the care and wise counsel of a tender mother and wise father. He was bound out to his uncle to remain with him until he was eighteen j'ears old. but he left him at sixteen years of age and lived out on a farm for a few months. After that he bound him- self in apprenticeship to a carpenter, but his guar- dian objected to that proceeding, so he left Schuyl- kill County and was employed by William Girard to assist in digging co.al. Later he worked in a brick5-ard one season and then returned home, as he was taken &ick. After his recovery be went to Mercer County, in iiis native State, and for one sea- son was employed on a farm. In 1834 he made his way to Richland County. Ohio, worked there in a brickyard two summers and one season on a farm. He subsequeutlj' hired out to James Kuykendall, the father of his future wife, to come to Illinois, and in 1837 came to this State and located in Put- man Township, Fulton Count}'. Two years later ilr. Catherman was married, and he and his bride began life together in Putman Township, lived there a year and then came to Cass Township and made a dwelling for themselves in the timber openings on section 23, where Mr. Catherman purchased eighty acres of land, on which a furrow has never been turned, and a hard task was before him to improve it into a cultivated farm. He first built a log cabin, and then went to work with a will to clear aw,a\- the trees and break the sod. He had to use the most primitive meth- ods to .accomplish his worii. He had one horse, and he made a wagon himself, making the wheels of slabs. He subsequently made another w.agon, of which the wheels were split out solid from a wal- nut log. The country around his home was very sparsely' settled, and many wild animals were often ann03'ing in their depredations. He and his wife were desperatelj- poor, as they had begun life empty-handed, and many were the s.acrifices they PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 541 had to make and the privations they endured. But they worked with cheerful and never failing cour- age until prosperit}' smiled on their efforts, and now those hardships are a thing (>f the past, and their life is one of serenity and cfimfort. In 1842 Mr. Catherman took a load of wheat to Chicago with a ono-horse team, having in his wagon thirty-eight bushels of the grain, ami oats enough to feed his horse. He was sixteen days on the way, and sold his wheat for foity-eight cents a bushel. At one time he took some wheat to the Liver- pool market, and exchanged eight bushels for eight j'prds of calico to make Mrs. Catherman a dress in which to appear at church or on festive occasions. For ordinary wear Mrs. Catherman spun the wool for the clothes of the whole family, and she also manufactured the flax directly from the plant into clotli of a nice texture, she being an adept at spin- ning and weaving. The flax was raised on a farm, rotted, broken, scutched, and was then ready to spin and weave. Our subject's farm now comprises one hundred and sixty acres of land, nearly all improved, and under admirable tillage, and supplied with nec- es.sary buildings, lie lived upon the farm \intil 1876 and then rented it, and moved to his [jresent place, building his neat little dwelling the same year. While he was living on the homestead the house was struck by lightning, and Mrs. Cathernxan was so affected bj* the electric current that she was un- conscious for a long tune. At one time she broke liir ankle by a fall, and still suffers from the in- jury. Mr. Catherman has also been unfortunate in the matter of accidents. Last summer when he was taking a load of wheat to Cuba, while crossing the track the wagon was struck bj' a passenger train and demolished, and he lost his wheat, and his right hip was so seriously hurt that he was obliged to lie in bed three weeks. Mr. and Mrs. Catlierman were united in marriage December 13, 1839. Her maiden name was Abi- gail Kujkendall, and she is a daughter of James and Elizabeth (Aten) Kuykendall, who were of Pennsylvania Dutch stock and were farmers. They died in Illinois, she djing in 1860, and he from the effects of an injury received on a railway in 1884. at the venerable age of ninetv-six. Of the nine children horn to them six are still living. Mrs. Catherman was born in Richland County, Ohio, in 1818. Her marriage' with our subject has been blessed to them by the birth of six children : Elizabeth, now dead; Susan, who married Mr. Hen- derliter, of Putman Township, and is the mother of thirteen children; Lyman, deceased ; Margaret, who married Jerome Brown, lives on the home place and has one child; Ir.t, deceased; Daniel, a resi- dent of Kansas, who married Ellen Ball, and is tiie father of three children. Mrs. Catherman, a woman of many Christian virtues, has been a member of the Christian Church. Mr. Catherman has long been one of our most use- ful citizens, has faithfully served the township for 3ears as School Director, and has also been Path- master. He has always been a stanch Democrat, and cast his first Presidential vote for Martin Van Buren. He and his wife have been quite extensive travelers in their da^', having made several trips to Kansas and one to Oregon, where they spent eleven months, and had a very enjoyable time. ~^^^>^ S. GEICxLEY, M. D. Among the numerous and varied professions in which men may arise to eminence, there is not one kiiown to the civilized world that claims a higher place in the esteem of all than does the "art of healing." Since the time of Esculapius, down to the present date there has never been a class of men that de- manded or received more faith, or respectful treat- ment than the physician. It is his presence that seems to brighten the sick one; he is generally con- ceded to be the family friend, and it is to him that troubles of every nature may be safel3' con- fided. No one has more fully proven tlic truth of this assertion than has Dr. J. S. Geigley. Our subject's birth occurred near Arrow Rock, Mo., on March 20, 1858, and he is the son of Sey- mour and Sarah (Warren) Geigley. His father was a native of Virginia, being born near Winchester in that State about the 3'ear 1820. The great-grand- father, Aaron Geigley, was the founder of this family, coming originally from iVlsaeo-Lorraine, 542 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. France — now Prussia. His son, Aaron Jr., tlie grandfather of our subject, was a planter, and a graduate of the Anna'|)olis Naval Academy. He was a Lieutenant in tbe United States Navy service un- til the time when John C. Fremont led his famous expedition across the country, and Lieut. Geigley became connected with the Survey. He went in tiie field as a supporter of Gen. Fremont during the campaign, being an intimate friend both of General and Mrs. Fremont. At the breaking out of the war he was a planter and miller in Saline County, Mo. At first he was neutral, but when hostilities became fierce and some depredations were committed by Union troops, his miiid was immediately made up and he accepted a cominission as Colonel in the Confederate service. This was in the year 1S62. His wife died in tiie spring, and while Col. Geigley was away to place his children with their mother's relatives in Indiana, he died on the way near Macomb, 111. The three children were taken charge of by kinspeople. Our subject is the only one of these children living at the pres- ent date. He remained witli liis mother's brother near La Fayette, Ind., until he had attained his twenty-first year, and received an academical edu- cation, and commenced the study of medicine. Af- ter reaching his majority he attended medical lectures at the Missouri Me-^^ ^ CL.-i<^/^, J^c^rX^ PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 54o ship with Oscar J. Boyer, the firm name being Gallagher & Boyer. Tliey now have a good prac- tice. Mr. Gallagher was marrierl December 7, 1879, in Cuba, to Miss Judilli Mowcry, a native tif this count}' and tlie daugliter of Jacob and Mary (HeiuUrson) Mowery. JMr. and Mrs. Mowery are numbered among the earl}' pioneers of Fulton County, and retain a vivid recollection of the land when it was scarcely more than the forest primeval. To Mr. Gallagher and his wife have been born four children, name!}' : William M., Mar}- M., Zadie Kay and Donald J. Mr. Gallagher is now building a handsome resi- dence and is nicely situated in life. He and his family iiave a host of warm personal friends. He was elected State's Attorney in 1880 and per- formed the duties of that office in a most com- mendable manner. Socially, he is a Cliapter Ma- son, and belongs to the Blue Lodge at Cuba. He is also identilied with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and is a Knight of Pythias. Though not an active politician, he votes the Democratic ticket and is a firm adherent of its princi|)les. -^^ ^t^, ANIEL FOSHAY. There is in this world much to vex the soul of man and often- times adversity sours the disi)osition and makes men exclaim in their despair "cui bono": but when we look upon a noble-hearted. Christian man who has struj;gled faitl)fully in hewing out a business career, but has at the same time preserved that beautiful faith in mankind and in the goodness of God, learned at his mother's knee, we feel refreshed, just as a tired traveler having journeyed over steep roads is pleased to be- hold in the valley below a calm and smiling land- scape. Our subject made his appearance in the world in Westchester, Westchester Count}', N. Y., in the city of Sing Sing, being the son of Levi and Sally (Sutton) Foshay. His birth occurred April 5, 1837, and he remained in his native place until he had reached his tenth year. He has no recollections of his mother, and sustained the sad loss of his father when ten years of age. His half-brother liad bought a farm about that time and took him to live in Seneca County, where he lived until he was twenty years of age. W^hile quite a bo}' he manifested great interest in attending Sunday-school and through the entire course of his life has lost no op- portunity of advancing the cause of religion. Mr. Foshay received his education in the com- mon schools of Seneca County, and when twenty years old came West, settling in Illinois and com- mencing to work on a farm near Rockford. He continued to work there for two years and then moved to Knox Count}', settling near London Mills, wherein 1861 he bought a farm, but in a short time sold out and moved to Warren County where he purchased an eighty-acre farm in Swan Town- ship. While there he married in 1868, Miss Kate Shallenberger, daughter of Jacob and Mary (Slo- necker) Shallenberger. Her parents came to Ful- ton County in 1830 and were numbered among the early settlers of what is mow Young Hickory Town- ship, where they both dii-d. She was born and reared in Fulton County, and after nct-iving an excellent education taught school for a time before her marriage Her father was twice married , lier mother being his first wife. Mr. Foshay was marrieil at Knoxville. and im- mediately after marriage they commenced house- keeping on his farm in Warren County and con- tinued to live there for six years. He next bought the farm owned by the Shaffer heirs. At ^ Inter date he bought the Hall farm antl now owns two hundred acres of good farming land. Ourjuliject and his wife were the parents of seven children, viz: Sadie, Mary, Annie, Wilbur, Claude, Albert and Johnny. Sadie is engaged in teaching in Ful- ton County, having attended the High School at Galesburg. Mr. Foshay has served as School Director for several years, and School Trustee for three years. He is a member of the United Brethren Church and is Class-Leader, having served as sucii through a period of eight years. He has been Superinten- dent of the Sunday-school for a number of years and bears an enviable reputation as a most chari- table and benevolent gentleman. In ijolitics he is a r)46 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. Republican and a strong supporter of tliose meas- | uri'S that he believes beneficial to religious, edu- , eational or commercial matters. A portrait of Mr. Foshay is shown in connection I with this brief biographical review. -^ NDREW J. McCOMBS. The simple rec- ord of the life of a man who has quietly 14) pursued his chosen calling is the best testi- ly' monial that can be given to his worth of character. In general the life of a farmer is an uneventful one marked by no startling inci(Jents, although its usefulness may be fell throughout an extended circle of. aquaintances and exert great in- fluence. The subject of this notice lias pursued the even tenor of his way as a farmer, taking a part in various matters which concerned the welfare of the section in which he lives in the same unpreten- tious manner. He owns and operates two hundred acres of land, part of which is in Fairview Town- ship, and (lart in Knox County, due north of the home. Before entering upon the history of our subject it will not be amiss to devote a brief paragraph to that of his respected parents. His father. James McCombs, was born in Scotland and came to Amer- ica when about twenty-four years old, settling in I'tica, N. Y. There he established himself at his trade of a carpenter and finallj' sot up his own home, marrying Mary O. Armstrong, a native of the Em- pire State. Mr. McCombs died when our subject was seven j'ears old, leaving two children — he of wlium we write and JNLary O., now the wife of I'hineas Smith, a farmer near Shipman. The wid- owed mother subsequentl}- married James Reese, liy v/hom she had three children, the only one now living being ilenry, who resides in New York. The subject of this sketch was born November 4, 1832, and grew to manhood in his native State. He attended the common schools and when quite young acquired a knowledge of agriculture, much of his time having been spent on a farm; as his mother married a second time he went to live with his grandparents. In 1857, he came to Illinois and some years later, having taken a com))anion, he purchased one hundred and ten acres of land he yet owns. Stiil later he purchased an additional ninety-one acres, all of which he successfully oper- ates. The wife of Mr. McCombs is a woman of most estimable character, many womanly attainments and more than ordinary intelligence. She was for- merly known as Miss Sarah Jane Smith, her father, Jonathan Smith, having been one of the wealthy residents in the township. The family history will be found in the sketch of Foster Smith on another page in this Alisim. The marriage of Mr. Mc- Combs and Miss Smith was solemnized in 1866, and has been blest to them by the birth of four bright children — Grace A., Jonathan S., James C. and Foster G. These children have been instructed by their parents in the virtues of character and courtesj' of manner which are desirable and have been well educated in the schools of the vicinity. In politics Mr. McCombs is a Democrat. For the past twent3'-five years he has been Director of liis school district and has labored arduously to build up the district school, which is now well known as the best in the township. Mr. McCombs belongs to the M.asonicClodge at Farmington and his wife is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church in Fairview. He helped to extend the Iowa Central Railroad by donating money toward the right of way in the township. He is well thought of b}' his fellow citizens, being a good, whole-souled man, intelligent and moral. ^ <* IklLLIAM HARDEN, Sr. Since his early \fj// youth this gentleman has manifested a de- V^^ gree of enterprise which has redounded to his credit and resulted in worldly prosi)erity. He attributes bis success largely to the aid of an ex- cellent companion, who has prudently managed the household econom}', and given him wise counsel and cheering S3n]pathy. For some years he has been living in Fairview Township, where he owns two hundred teres of cleared land on section 9, and seven and oneh.ilf acres of timber. He is of Eng- PURTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 5^^ lisli and Geiman aneestry, anrl no doubt inherits some of tlie national characteristics whicli combine to form the business ability which has secured liis financial success. The paternal grandparents of our subject were Thomast'and Priscilla Harden, natives of P^ngland, who after emigrating to America, settled near LTtica, N. Y. Among the members of their family was a son John, who was born near Albanj', N. Y., grew to maturity there, and married Caroline Arm- strong;, whose father was a native of Germany. John Harden became quite well-to-do, and during their early lives bestowed u()on his children very good advantages. He died in 1850, at the age of fifty-two vears. The widowed motiier came West to live with our subject, her third son, and died at his home in 1881, at the age of seventy-tiiree years. The family consisted of twelve children, named re- spectively: Maria, Thomas, Julia A., John, Will- iam. Jeanette, Jerome, James, Mary, Henry, DoUie, and Caroline, l!ie latter three dying in infancy. William Harden, tlie subject of tliis sketch, was born in Oswego County, N. Y., April 30, 18,32, and passed his lioyhood in his native State. His fatiier died when lie was a youtii of seventeen, and two years later lie came to this county and engaged in farming. He bought fifty acres on section 10, Fairview Township, occupying that tract of land until 1854 wlien he sold it, and for the next eight vears farmed near Raritan, Henderson County. Selling his property there, he next bougiit a part of his present farm, and again took up his abode in this county. In addition to the estate upon which he lives, he owns one hundred and forty acres in Maquon Township, Knox County, on which the town of Rapatee is situated. In company with George Prall, he built the grain elevator in that village, and shipped the first car-load of grain from Miat center. Tn 1855 Mr. Harden led to the hymeneal altar Miss Sarah A. Sherman, a native of Oswego County, N. Y., daughter of Knoch and Alvira (I)ykeman) Sherman. The first fifteen years of her life were spent in her native county-, and she then became a resident in this State. She h.as not only proved herself an efficient helpmate, but is a wise and af- fectionate mother and kindly neighbor. She is therefore looked upon with respect, and has many warm friends. Mr. and Mrs. Harden have seven children, viz: William F., Jr., John, Alvira, Enoch, Carrie, James and Theodore. William married Miss Hattie Hart, and has one child, Floyd, his home being on a farm in Fairview Township; Al- vira married Thomas Seltzer, lives on a farm in Knox county, and has one child, Verna; James is telegraph operator for the Iowa Central. Railroad at Rapatee, and the other members of the family are still with their parents. The first Presidential ballot of Mr. Harden was cast for J. C. Fremont, and he has never failed since that time to deposit a Republican ticket on election day. He h.as held the oltices of School Director and Trustee, having lieen the incumbent of the latter eight years. His good judgment has been exercised as a juryman, and in the various matters which come before the residents in the viciuit}', he endeavors to take such a part as will be for the public good. He is a man of fine |iersoir.il appearance, intelligence and good character. '^^i:;i^^^^^'<='- AMUEL WARNER. The simple record of an honorable life is the best monument that can be reared to any citizen, and we shall therefore not attempt to enlarge upon the history of the gentleman above named, who is one of Waterford Township's most reputable resi- dents. He was born in Darby Tovvnshi[), Madison County, Ohio, November 6, 1816, in an old log cabin, when there was not a frame house in the township. He was reared on his father's farm, at- tended school in the primitive log cabin of the time, paying from §2 to $3 per term for his tuition. He sat upon a slab bench vvith pins inserted for legs, did his writing exercise on a slab table which extended around the wall, and often experienced the sensation of having one side of his body well heated by the roaring fire in the fireplace, while the other side was cooled by the breeze that penetrated the crevices in the walls. He was taught reading, writing, and spelling, with the fundamental rules of arithmetic. Those were the days when the teacher boarded round in the homes of the various [)atrons, and free schools were not yet. Mr. Warner worked on the farm summers, at- tending school in the winter as circumstances would permit, and after his father's death, which occur- red when he was sixteen years old, he helped su|)- port the family for two years. He then worked out by the month the year round except in sugar- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 551 makino^ time, when he operated a grove of fifty acres wliich lie owned. In September, 1848, lie came to this State, making the trip on the Ohio River from Cincinnati to its mouth, then up the Mississippi and Illinois to Liverpool, this county. He worked as a farm hand about eighteen months after his arrival, then with a brother bouglit and settled on two hundred acres of land on section 1, Waterford Township. The land was heavily tim- bered, but they cleared nearl}' all of it. They also liuilt a sawm'ill which they operated until all the heavy timber of the vicinitj' was worked up. Af- ter the land was cleared, it was placed under culti- vation, and Mr. Warner has contiiuu'il to raise crops and stock thereon. During the year 1850, Mr. Warner was united in marriage with Miss Isabel Hezlet, a native of Penn- sylvania, with whom he lived happily until her death. February 22, 1873. She was then about fifty-five years old. She was a faithful member of the Presbyterian Church, an efficient, loving com- panion, and a wise, devoted mother. Mr. Warner has never remarried, but having rented his farm, makes his home with the tenant. He has one daughter, Chloe Belle, who was born June 21, 1860, was graduated from the Lewlstown High School, and married James Hull, a prominent physician of Sciota, ^NIcDonough Count)'. Mr. Warner has been connected with the Presb3^teriau Church for a quar- ter of a centur}', and is a reliable, faithful member. Politically, he is a. Republican, and he has Iieen called upon to advance the interests of his fellow- citizens in several of the township offices. Grandfather Warner was born in Germany, and upon coining to America, settled in Massachusetts. There Charles Warner, the father of our subject, was born and reared, removing to Ohio about the year 1800. He made the trip with a team, and was one of the first settlers in the new State. Deer, bear, and wolves were numerous there at the time, and even in the boyhood of our subject they were still to be seen. Mr. Warner took up a tract of military land, partly timber and partly prairie, erected a log cabin, cleared his land, farmed and carried on the dairy business. He kept about forty- cows, hauled his cheese and butter to Kentucky and sold it to the planters. He had a farm of two liundred and twenty acres, and carried on agricul- tural operations that were very extensive for that period. He died of bilious fever at the age of forty years. The mother of our subject was Chloe Johnson, a native of Connecticut, born between New Haven and Hartford. She was a Presbyterian in religious belief, and a member of that church at the time of her death, which occurred in Ohio in her ninety- fourth year. To her and her husband five children were horn, all of whom grew to maturity, although our subject is the only one now living. His broth- ers and sisters were Eliza, David, Isaac, and Mrs. Emeline Dart. !^JEORGE E. LINDZEY. How frequently is it the case that natural ability and energj' combined accomplish truly wonderful re- sults, raising a man from the obscurity of poverty to the importance and publicity that great wealth brings. Truly, what are called self-made men are usuall}' those that occupy the highest positions both in national and State affairs, and reach higher positions in the commercial world than those whose childhood was surrounded by every opportunity. The subject of this sketch commenced life with virtually nothing, so far as finances go; and has liy dint of good judgment, pleasing address and en- ergy, amassed quite a comfortable fortune. At this writing he has retired from active participation in toilsome labor, and passes his days at his handsome residence on Main Street, in Farmington. His health is poor indeed, and it was iwrtially for this reason that he concluded to settle in this city, hoj)- ing the pure atmosphere and pleasant society found here would benefit him. Mr. Lindzey was born in AVorcester Count}-, Mass., and his natal day fell upon Februar}- 12, 1843. His earliest recollections are of Greenville, a little cotton manufacturing village about ten miles from Providence, R. I., where he attended school for a time. Howsver, the greater )jart of his education was received in the common schools of Fairview Township, Fulton County, to which 552 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. bis'parents came years ago, and much oriiis youth was spent on a farm. Having determinerl to fol- low agriculture he became in time an extensive op- erator, and still owns a fine farm in Knox County, tliat he improveil, placing upon it excellent build- ings, including a coz}' dwelling. He has been much interested in breeding stock, and his droves of Po- land-China hogs and herds of Short-horn cattle are unsurpassed. In equines, of which he is an ardent admirer and an excellent judge, his choice was Xormans and Cleveland Bays, both of which were raised upon his farm. Our subject's faliier — AVilliani Lindzey — was an Englishman lij* birth and education, and for many- years after reaching manhood worked in the cotton and woolen manufactories in his native land. After coming to the United States, he continued his work in similar establishments, moving from place to place in the States of Connecticut and Rhode Island. In the fall of 1850 he removed from the latter State to Illinois, making the trip bj' boat and rail to New York Citj-, thence on the Hudson River and Erie Canal, and finally by way of the Great Lakes, Illinois Canal and Illinois River to the mouth of Copperas Creek. After landing he purchased one hundred and sixty acres of laud in Fairview Township. Fulton County, and by in- dustry became quite well-to-do. He subsequcntlv removed to Yates City, Knox County, where he also owned real estate. AVilliam Lindze}' was married in England to Miss Hannah Dix and three of their children were born in the mother country. The household band was made up of ten sons and daughters — John, Caro- line. Emma, Matilda, Harriet. Hannah, James, George and two who died while j'oung. The f.a- ther died in 1876 after he had passed his seventj-- sccond birthday, and the mother breathed her last at the home of our subject in Knox County, wlien sixty-eight years old. Both were professors of re- ligion, holding membership in the Free Will Bap- tist Clftircli. A devoted Christian, the father took great interest in the duties pertaining to Christian work, and being of a retiring nature, [jaid little at- tention to political honors. George Lindzey, our subject, was married De- cember 2, 1880, to Miss Martha Williams, of Hills- borough, Ohio, daughter of Addison and Margaret (Noble) Williams. This lady was born in High- land County. Ohio, and being left motherless when young was eared for by her paternal grandparents. After their demise she went to live with an aunt, Mrs. Carolina Rogers, and grew to womanhood in the State of her nativity. While on a visit to friends in Moultrie, this State, she met at Fairview the gentleman to whom she gave her hand in mar- riage. She is dowered with good looks, good na- ture and estimable mental and moral qualities, and in addition possesses skill in housewifely arts. Mrs. Lindze3''s grandfather, Daniel Williams, was a native of North Carolina, but emigrated to Ohio at an early date ; he was of Scotch-Irish de- scent. His son Addison was born in Highland County, Oliio, and in that State married. Soon after the loss of his beloved companion, which oc- curred in 1850, at the early age of thirt3'-two years, Addison Williams went to Iowa but soon removed to Indiana where he made a second marriage. From that State he enlisted in the Union Army and after serving many long months was wounded at Rich- mond, taken prisoner, and allowed to languish away and die in Andeisonville in the spring of the year that witnessed the restoration of peace to our country. Mrs. Lindzey- is one of a family of five children and she and a brother — John N. — are the only survivors. Three of the brothers were participants in the battle of Pittsburg Landing, John being a member of the cavaliy forces from Ohio. He served three years, then veteranized. He ii now living at Decatur, this State, and is engaged in the electric light works of that citj', being an ex- pert carpenter and mechanic. His wife was known in her girlhood as Miss Martha Lynn, and was a resident of Sullivan, Moultrie County. Our subject and his wife have never been blessed with child re;i. They are both exceedingly popular in the community in which the}' reside, and posses- sing all the comforts of life watch the years glide swiftly by. They settled in Farmington in 1890, taking possession of the residence the}- had built during the preceding year. Mr. Lindzey east his first Presidential vote for Abraham Lincoln in 1864, and is still a strong supporter of the Repub- cru-A^ '^'xfjAJyi^^SL^ '^ O'T/ui^ I PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 555 lican partj'. He is generally respected for his strict integrity and high sense of honor both in the greut and small affairs of life. Mrs. Lindzey be- longs to the Christian Church, with which she united in Vienna, Ohio, in 1868, wiiile in her girl- hood. To sucli men as our subject the United .States owes her present enviable reputation in commercial circles — men who, not afraid of personal hardsliip and the trials that in an active career without finan- cial assistance only too naturally come to each life, are strong and brave enough to carry out Hamlet's advice, and ''by opposing troubles, end them." ns :-. »-^"^»t-«i- ^ PENCER CONE. Perhaps no man now living in Farminglon Townsliip has been more intimately '.■omiecled with its progress than the gentleman above named, and cer- tainly no famil}' stands higher in the annals of this region than tiiat of which he is a worthj' representa live. Of an old English family which became represented in America during Colonial d.ays, and for several generations was idenlilied with all that was most worth}' in New England, Mr. Cone of this notice could scarcely fail to continue in the line of advancement which is his by inheritance. Before entering upon an account of his connection with the development of Farmington it will not be amiss to devote some brief parngraplis to the life and la- bors of his respccte i father. When members of the Cone family emigrated from England, Hadrlam, Conn., was chosen as their home, and continued to be the center of the family influence several humlred years. Joseph Cone, the father of our subject, was boin there and reared amid all the influences which pertain to an old New- England settlement. He became a, blacksmith, farmer and merchant, gaining considerable wealth in pursuit of llie latter calling and was led to invest in Western lands, visiting Illinois in 1832 for the pur- pose of viewing ))ro[!erty for which he had traded. Me made a second visit prior to 1834, at whicii time he removed with his family to what was then known as Marehants' Settlement, in this county. After hav- ing reached Cleveland, Ohio, passing through the Empire State on the Erie Canal, the family jour- neyed to Portsmouth on the Ohio Canal, comple-' ting their travels by means of the Ohio, Mississippi and Illinois Rivers, and reaching their destination on the 1st of June, having been one month on the way. In Connecticut Mr. Cone was rated as a verv wealthy man, and became the owner of large landed estates. The year of his arrival in Fulton County he, in connection with Hiram Palmer and Squire George W. Little, laid out the village of Farmington. Sharp and shrewd in business, he was yet most generous and public-spirited, and liberally gave for the good of the city which owes to him much of the honor of being the third in Fulton County. Great credit is due him- also foi- the high standard of morality here, as he not onl}- contrib- uted very liberally to the building and support of tlie churches and all elevating enterprises, but he would never sell lots to persons of questionable or bad character. To such a stand on the part of its founders is due the fact that Farmington to-day has the finest class of citizens to be found anywhere in the State. Mr. Cone was an ardent advocate of temperance and of the abolition of slavery. A desire that Mr. Cone had mucli at heart was to sec trains running into Farmington, and to that end he gave liberal donations and exerted all his per- sonal influence. Like Moses of old, who w?s de- nied admission to the Promised Land, whose glory he couldonU' see from afar off, after liaving done all that he could to aiil in the building of the Chi- cago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad, on which he was promised a life pass, he died ere the road was completed. Two of the personal characteristics of Mr. Cone were the pride which he took in driving fast horses and in wearing fancy velvet vests. He was related to Gen. Cone of Revolutionarj' fame, an intimate personal friend of Gen. Washington. The wife of Joseph Cone was Elizabeth Candee, whose parental family was a leading one in Con- 556 PORTRAIT AXD BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. nectieul. Mrs. Cone wns one in a famii\' of twelve chiliiien whose average age was eighty-oiu' years. She lived to the age of sixty- five years only, while Mr. Cone was gighly-two when called hence. They iiad six sons who grew to maturity, and who are ■ named respectively Henry, .Toseph, Spencer. David C, George W., and Charles. , Spencer Cone, tlie subject of this notice, was born September 21, 1815. in Harwinton. Conn., passing his childhood and youth in his native place, where his brothers were also brought up. He first at- tended the district schools, but at the age of fifteen entered tlie Harwinton Academy, a fine institution incorporated under the laws of the .State, of which his father was one of the builders. Young Cone completed the course of stud^-, paying particular attention to surve^dng and mathematics. "When Farmington was platted he. being then a youth of eighteen years, helped to make the survey. When the removal to Illinois was made he realized the great change from one of the educational centers of Connecticut to the wilds of the Prairie State, where white settlers were still few and Indians camps yet to be seen. The change was particularly irksome to him, as he cared much more for study than for hunting, which was tlie usual recreation on the frontier. As early as 1840 our subject conceived the idea of studying law, and securing as his director H. 8. Austin, a practicing attorney of Chicago, now eighty years of age, he carefully perused the works of Blackstone, Kent, Stephen and other legal writers. He was admitted to the bar of Illinois at Springfield in 1841, and to the Federal Courts the same j'ear. In 1843 he went to Wisconsin, practic- ing at Racine until 1846, when on account of sick- ness in the family he returned to this county. Mr. Cone w!is quite successful in the law, both in repu- tation and finances. He had a valuable farm to which he came in accordance with lis wife's wishes, turning his attention to the peaceful arts of agri- culture, in which likewise be has been more than ordinarilj- successful. He now owns two hundred and forty acres in Farmington Township and the adjoining township in Knox Courty, holding also some valuable city property- in Seattle, Wash. In 1839 Mr. Cone led to the hymeneal altar Miss Julia .Sloan, then of Farmington, but a native of Sloans ville, Schoharie County, N. Y. She is a daughter of William and Xellie ( Brigham ) Sloan, representing two prominent Xew England families, and her father was the founder of Sloansville. She came to Illinois with her parents, settling in Farm- ington in 1838. She had two brothers and one sister, named respectively. Walter B., William P. and Mary R. Mrs. Cone has been an invalid during nearly the entire period of her married life, but ill-health has not made her morose, uncharitable, or taken from her her interest in the affairs of human- ity. On the contrary she is deeply interested, not if - only in the welfare of her own family, but in that of the citizens of the town and county, and her hus- band finds in her a most sympathizing friend in all the good works in which he bears a part. The family of Mr. and Mrs. Cone coiniirisos four children — Joseph C. Spencer S.. Lizzie C. and William B. The oldest son was a Union soldier during the late war, serving three years in Company C, One hundred and Third Illinois Infantry: lie is now a photographer in Farmington; he married Maria I'nion and their family co;isists of three children — John, Cora B. and Frank. Spencer, who married Araminta Kerr, is an attorney and real estate operator in Oilman; he is now being can- vassed for Count3' Judge with a strong p'obabilit}- of his election. He has two children — Willie and Roy. The only daughter of our subject married William H. Widener, formerly a merchant in Farmington. who still makes his home in that city. The famil}" includes William, Julia and Harrv. William B.,the j'oungest son of our subject, resideg in Seattle, Wash., where he is engaged in real estate transactions; his wife was forincrlj" Miss Angie Chapman. In various public capacities Mr. Cone has ad- vanced the interests of his fellow-men. He was the first .School Treasurer of Farmington Township, has been Justice of the Peace and was Deputy County Surveyor in lS.'58-39. Under the old bank- ruptcy^ law of 1840 he was Assignee of Bankruptcy, all the cases in the county going through his hands. He has ever taken an active interest in educational matters, serving on the Board of Education at Racine, Wis., and in every way possible advancing PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. the standard of proficiency. He is strictly a tena- perance man. although not a member of the Pro- hibition ])arty. He does all that he can to elevate the moral standard of family, home, State and church, as well as to make liis own example cor- respond with the principles of truth and justice. His vote is cast with the Republican party in these latter days, although he was originally a Whig. He voted for William Henry Harrison in 1836 and 1840 and gi-apliicall}' describes the hard cider cam- paign. Hu enjoyed tlie personal acquaintance of Abraiiam Lincoln and Stephen .-\. Douglas, with the former of wiiora he agreed regarding the aboli- tion of slavery. Mr. Cone is a member of the Congregational Church in which he has served as a Deacon foi several years. He assisted in building the First Congregational Church of Farmington, and like otiier members of his family is one of the first to contribute to public enterprises. H<; donated lib- erally toward the liuilding of the Chic.ngo, Burling- ton & Qiiincy, and the Iowa Central Railroad. Farmington Park was a donation to the city from his father. In connection with this personal sketch, we present elsewhere in tliis volume a lithographic por- trait of Mr. Cone. Long after be shall have passed to that '' bourne from which no traveler returns" his manly character and useful life will exert an influence over all who knew him or learn the record of his life. ..o*o.-(g;>^„A^..»»o.. r/OHN F. FILLINGHAM. Whatever the natural resources of a count}', or its busi- ness facilities, still the history must depend chiefly upon the men who have resided there and by their energy and ability have added greatly to the natural attractions and wealth. The subject of this sketch figures prominently among such men, the seat of his labors being the city of Canton, where he carries on a saw-mill and from whence he visits the farm hinds with a threshing machine. Mr. Fillingham was born in Norfolk, England December 16, 1842, being the son of John and Mary (Fuller) FiiliDgham. The father came to Canton, III., on November 4, 1854, bringing all his family with the exception of the eldest son, who joined them three years later. They engaged in farming in Banner Township, Fulton County, con- tinuing to devote their attention to this occupation until the death of the parents, who readied a ripe old age, being seventy -seven and seventy-five years respectively. They had nine children, three of w^om died in infancy and six lived to maturit}'. Of these Edmund was the eldest; he was a marine engineer through the entire course of his life. Elizabeth, the eldest daughter, married James Panery of Dillon, Neb.; Jane, \yho died in 18o6, was the wife of Thomas Thompson; James is now deceased and so also is Mary, Mrs. Baker; John F. is the youngest. He of whom we write was hardly' twelve years of age when he came to Car.ton with his parents, and he has been a resident of the county up to the present date (1890), being brought up on a farm and only obtaining a limited education. During his youth, however, he learned to love the country of their adoption and to feel an interest in its in- stitutions so deep as to lead him to join others in defending the flag when traitor hands would rend it. On August 24, 1861, he enlisted in Company K, Seventh Illinois Cavahy, with which com pan}' he marched to Springfield, where they were drilled and armed — the regiment furnishing their own horses. Going to Cairo they spent a few days there, then continued on to Bird's Point, Mo., where they met with their first misfortune, liavin" four men on patrol shot by guerrillas. The next move of the company was to Cape Girardeau, where they did scouting and guard duty for a while, then went to join in the advance of Pope's army to New Madrid, having an encoun- ter with Jeff Thompson at Sykestown. The}- be- seiged New Madrid, forced the evacuation of the city during a dark, stormy night when the retreat- ing forces left all their ammunition and other stores. They next took part in the capture of Island No. 10, where the regiment took many prisoners. Transferred to Pittsburg Landing as a re- enforce- ment, they bore a hand in several battles around Corinth and in the siege of that city. At Farm- 558 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. ington they had tlie misforluiie to lose Mnjor A|)- pletou. Aftei' figliting at Tuscumbia Creek, and BooneviUe, Nliss., the boys marched to Rieiizu, and went into cam p. We next find the bod_v to wliich Mr. Fillinghain belonged guarding the Memphis and Charleston Railroad at Conrtland, Ala., and later at Russel- ville. There our subject was taken sick, and it be- came necessary for him to be sent to the liospilal at New Madrid, wiience he was sent to Corinth aiVd a few days later to Benton Barracks, St. Lonis, Mo. L'pon his recovery in April, 1863, he rejoined the regiment at La Grange, Tenn., where it was encamped previoLis to the Grieison raid. Snbse- quent to that event the}- again guarded a railroad and iiad a severe fight at Moscow, and on Christ- mas were surrounded near Summervillo, but cut lliiir wav out with the loss of a few killed and ivventy captured. Returning to La (-! range, thej- remained there until February 1, 186i, when they started ujion the William L. Smith raid to meet Sherman, buttlie expedition proving a failure, tliey stopped at Geruianlown, near Memphis. There Mr. Fillingiiam re enlisted, and after en- joying bis veteran furlough, returned to Memphis wiience the command went to Pulaski, Shoal Creek, Columbia, Tenn., Franklin and Nashville, having skirmishes with Hood at other points. On the night of December 14, 1864, the company took a jiosition on the right wing at Nashville, being dis- mounted and going into the fight as foot-soldiers. The second day of the engagement was Mr. Fill- ingham's birthday and he celebrated it by holding a musket so hot from rapid firing that several times he was compelled to drop it. The company went on to Gravelly Springs, Ala., Eastport, Miss., and luka. after which they h.ad no great figliting for a time but were detailed to keei) matters quiet at points below. The3- were finally remounted and located at Huntsville from July to November, 1865, then, going to Nashville, they were discharged No- vember 4. Mr. Fillingham was mustered out as Orderly Sergeant of his com[):in3', although he had enlisted jis a private. Like all brave soldiers Mr. Fillingham passed i through thrilling experiences, having his clothing pierced by balls many times, but he escaped wounds, | while suffering hardships and privation. Immedi- ately after returning home Mr. Fillingham pur- chased a valuable farm and has been identified with the agricultural interests of this State since. He now owns an estate in Sullivan Township, Liv- ingston County, besides his interests in -Canton. He is a natural mechanic and has done more with machinery' than in farming. On February 1, 1866, Mr. Fillingham married Miss Sil)yl E. Packard, a native of Ohio, ami daughter of Lee and Emeline Packard. The wed- ding rites were solemnized at the briile's home in Banner Township, Fulton County. The union has resulted in the birth of five childien. of whom Grace and an infant are dead; Byron, .lohii and Mary are still living. Both sons are foll(»wing the honorable occupation of tilling the soil, Byron being located on his father's farm. Mr. Fillingham is Senior Vice Commander of Jo Hooker Post No. 69, at Canton, and is also an Odd Fellow, belonging to Olive Branch Lodge at the same [tlace. Mrs. Fillingham is a member of the Order of Rebecca, and of the Ladies' Relief Corps, which is anxiliarj' to the Grand Armj- of the Re- public. Our subject is a member of the Indepen- dent Order of the Mutual Aid, an insurance company. Mrs. Fillingham is a devout and faith- ful member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. They moved to Canton on March 1, 188J. and here surrounded by all the comforts tliev live most hap|)ily together. Mr. Fillingham is a successful business man and has many warm friends, both in commercial and social circles. VI OHN W. ASHBY, a retired farmer living at No. 708 Fourth Street, Canton, has been an important factor in .advancing the asrri- cultural interests of this county. He was born in Burlington County, N. J., in the city of Burlington, November 6, 1836. He is the only son and fifth child of William and Jemima (Cooper) Ashby, botli natives of Engi.ind. They grew to maturity and married in tiie land of their birth and soon after came to the United States and Lauded in PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 569 New Yurk.'and for a time lived in Burlington, N. J. Ill 1842 llie family moved -to Logan County, 111. JMr. Asliby was an experienced and skillful millwiighl and he built many mills in different parts of the State. In 1847 he moved to Mason County and built several sawmills in" that]. county that were operated by steam. In 1857 he took up his residence in this counly; he built the Smith mills in Banner Township, and also rtmodeled the Wagonseller mill in Tazewell Countyjand many dther mills in different sections in this State. lie subsequently removed with his family to Peoria County, and erected the Kingston tiourmills i)ut- ting in the machinery. His busy life was brought to a close at a ripe age June 13, ISCi). His wife and five children survived liira. Lucy is the wife of William Cavell a resident of Iowa; Emily lives in Fulton County; Jamia lives with.her sister Eliza- beth, who is the wife of J. Vi. Hurst of Canton; Susan E. is deceased. John W. Asliby spent his school days in Mason County in the district schools. He worked on a farm, and remained with his parents until he was twenty-two years old. He was then married to Miss Nancy A. Fidler, their weis who bore arms in that great con- flict. Mr. Stewart was born in Alexandria, Licking Co., Ohio, .September 1.5, 1844. His father, Rich- ard Stewart, was born in Fauquier County, Va., a son of Charles Stewart, who, so far as known, was a native of the same State, coming of a Scotch fam- ily that early settled in the Old Dominion. The grandf.atlu'r of our subject removed to Ohio from Virginia about 1834 and was a pioneer of Licking County, where his remaining days were passed. His son Richard was reared in N'irginia, and went to Ohio at the same time as his father. He had learned the trade of a car]jenter and joiner in his native State, and engaged in it in his new home. In 1851 he wont to California by way of the Isth- mus of Panama, and there he tried mining, but ill- health prevented his following that pursuit, and he returned to Ohio after a little more than a year's absence. He then gave his attention to farming, renting land at first, and then buying a farm, and actively engaging in the work of carrying it on until he came to this State in 1865. He bought a farm in Cass Township, this county, after his ar- rival, and in the comfortable home that he estab- lished thereon his useful life was brought to a close May 18, 1879. The mother of our subject is now a welcome in- mate of his home. Her maiden name was Philcna Twining, and she was born in Licking County, Ohio, October 15, 1821. Her parents were Uiram and Lovey (Pease) Twining, natives respectively of Massachusetts a;id Mauie, and pioneers of Lick- ing County. Three of the five children born of her marriage are now living: Austin W., who re- sides at Jacksonville; our subject; Annie, who mar- ried William H. Failing and now resides in Furnas County. Neb. James M. Stewart was fourteen years old when his parents moved to IMorrow County, and there he grew to man's estate, gleaning his education in the public schools of Ohio. He assisted his father in his farm labors, and remained with his parents until, at the youthful age of seventeen years, he en- listed in the defense of the Stars and Stripes, becom- ing a member of Company !<;, One Hundred and Twenty-first Ohio Infantry, August 26, 18G2, and serving until after the close of the war, receiving his discharge papers June 18, 1865. He was in Steadman's Brigade at the battle of C'hickamauga, and after that fought at Missionary- Ridge, and did brave service in the principal engagements with the enemy during Sherman's Atlanta campaign, and as- 568 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. sisted in the capture of that city, and was active in the battle of Jonesboro. After that contest he was detailed as otflcer's clerk in ihe inspector's depart- ment at Division headquirters, accompanied the command to the sea, and on through the Carolinas ! and Richmond to Washington, where he took part in the grand parade that signalized the advent of peace, and thus closed his experiences of the hard- sliips and privations of a soldier's life in that most terrible war. . In January', 1866, Mr. Stewart came to Fulton Count}-, and was engaged in farming with his father in Cass Township until the hitler's death, when he bought the farm from the other heirs, and contin- ued to operate it with good financial success until 1882. In that year he entered upon his career as a public official, and rented his farm and moved into the cit}'. He still retains possession of the farm, which contains three hundred acres of well- improved land supplied with substantial buildings, good farming machiner\-, and everything necessarj'^ for the profitable prosecution of agriculture. He superintends the management of the place, which is admirabh- adapted to stock-raising purposes, to which he devotes it largely, being extensivel}- en- gaged in that branch. He is also prosperouslv car- rying on the lumber business with Mr. McDowell, with whom he formed a partnership in 1889, and thej^ have here a large, well-equipped j'ard, and al- read\' have built up a good trade. Mr. and Mrs. Stewart, who were married in 1877, have established here one of the man}- cozy, pleas- ant homes for which Lewistown is noted, and their abode is the center of a gracious hospitality, which attracts to it a wide circle of friends and acquaint- ances, as the social standing of our subject and his amiable wife is among the best people of the cit}-. Mrs. Stewart was horr. in Delaware County, Ohio, and is a daughter of William and Rhoda Stenbeck. her maiden name having been Francos Stenbeck. Mr. Stewart is a gentleman of much force and decision of character, prompt in action and ready of recourse, and possessing fine business talents. These marked traits have brought him prominentlj- before tlie public in two of the most important of- ficial capacities in the county. In 1882 he was elected Sheriff of the count}-, and served in that capacity with distinction four years, his invincible courage, tact and cool judgment eniineutl}' quali- fying him for the position. In 1886 he was elected County Treasurer, and is conducting the finances of the county with rare skill and to the perfect satis- faction of all concerned without regard to part}'. In politics his sentiments are in harmony with the principles of the Republican party. Socially, he is connected with Kenneth Lodge, Xo. 146. K. of P.; and with Lewistown Post, M. W. A. ; and he is a member of Thomas Laytou Post, No. 121, G.A. R. EWIS RAUCH. There is no higher [.raise possible than to say of a man, "he has helped both himself and others in journeying through the passing years." And this remark ap- plies undoubtedly to him whose name heads our sketch. Mr. Ranch is a prominent and successful agri- culturist and stockraan of section 12, Pleasant Township, and stands high both in business and social circles, having the esteem and confidence of the community. His native home was Prussia, and in that country he first saw the light of day on the 9th of June, 1833. His parents, John and Catherine (Rumline) Rauch were Prussians; the mother died when our subject was only two years of age, and the father when he was in his fifteenth year, thus leaving him to the tender mer- cies of the world, at tlie time when he really needed the love of home. Our subject received a fair education in his native tongue and picked up the English language after coming to America. He reads and writes with all ease in both English and German. In the spring of 1849, he emigrated to Americ.i, taking passage at Bremen on a sailing vessel. After a voyage of seven weeks and three days he landed in Baltimore, being at the time seventeen years old. Immediately after landing he commenced to work out as a farm hand in Maryland, and thus continued through several years, receiving in compensation lor his ser- vices only from $5 to §10 per month and his board. But saving his money he was finally able PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 569 to rent, and afterward bought land in Adams County, Pa., having sold the property left liim b}' his father in German}'. He continued to reside on his farm in Pennsylvania for two years, being about sixteen miles from Gettysburg, and after tlie bloody battle at tliat point he visited the field of slaughter and beheld the corpses of the unknown dead strewed lii\e leaves over the ground. Our subject was drafted into the Federal Army, and owing to tins fact and other troubles became financially embarrassed. Not caring to serve ho was forced to pay §1,000 for a substitute, and his wife and two children died about that time. In the fall of 1864, he moved with his two sons to Illinois, settling first in Sangamon County, and later came to Fulton County. He worked for a time at the blacksmith's trade in Astoria, having given attention to this trade for some time. He located on his present estate in the year 1868 and lias made this his home since that date. He owns one hun- dred and sixtj'-three acres of valuable land, and has a blacksmith shop on his farm. He bad only §9 when he landed in this State, but is at the present day very well fixed in life, and looked upon as a good business man. Mr. Kauch appreciates the value of mone}' and has practiced strict economj' and saved something each month, and thus it is that people succeed. F>nergy and economy hand-in-hand will conquer an-y circumstances however adverse they may b(!. Both he and his wife are members of the Reformed Church, and he has served as Elder for Several years. His sympathies are with the Democratic party, and he is interested in everything pertain- ing to the welfare of this community. The subject of our sketch is a popular man as is proven by the fact of his being chosen to hold public offices and positions of trust. He is at the present time School Trustee for Pleasant Township. Mr. Ranch was married in Maryland, in 1855, to Aliss Lydia Stonesifer, and to this union were born four children, of whom only two are living, viz: David T. and Samuel, both of whom reside in this township. After the death of the mother of these children, our subject was again married, this time to Miss Nancy Weese. To them was born one daughter — Mary E. wife of Eli Strammel of Astoria, Illinois. Once more he was deprived by death of tlie companion of his home, and on May 23, 1867. married Miss Talitha Smith, daughter of Arthur and Mary (Bohanan) Smitli. This marriage has been blessed with eight children, of jvhora four are living, viz: Lewis E., a school teaelicr; Thomas J.: Nathaniel 11.; and Talitha B. Mr?. Ranch's father was a native of Virginia, being born in that State in 1793. He served in the War of 1812. Her mother was horn in the State of Tennessee. They moved to Illinois in 1 834, settling in Pleasant Township. Her birth occurred in Fulton County, February 14, 1841, and here she passed her childhood, and was here educated. Her father built the first log cabin schoolhouse in this part of the country, and was l;\rgely instrumental in building up this place. And thus every da}' furnishes us examples of the wonderful results that industry, strict integrity of purpose, and natural ability accomplish. m- a^ ]OSHUAG. WALKER is closely identified with the agricultural interests and the pub- lic life of Union Township, and is justl.y re- garded as one of its best citizens. He comes of pioneer parentage, and has been a resident of this county nearly all his life, lie was born in Lewis County, Ky., October 6, 1831. His grand- father, James Walker, was a native of New Eng- land, and was of Scotch descent. The parents of our subject were Hugh and Nancy (Given) Walker, and their names are re- corded among those of the early pioneers of Ful- ton County, to which the}' came in 1835. They located first in Canton, and remained there one year, and during that time the terrible tornado came, which demolished the town. The subject of this sketch remembers of then being put in a drj'- goods box for safety, but though the house in which they lived was destroyed, none of the mem- bers of the family were injured. After that disastrous calamity Mr. Walker re- moved with his wife and children 'to Lewistown, where he engaged in farming. In 1850 his bus\' 570 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. anil useful career was cut short bj' his untimelj' deatii, and the community was deprived of a re- spected citizen. He and his wife died within eight da3's of each other, and b\' their demise seven cliildren were sadly orplianed and left to the care of neigiibors and relatives. Oin- subject was thus left the iiead of the family, and bravely did lie shoulder the duties and respon- sibilities thus thrust upon him at tlie age of eight- een years. He, being the eldest, took cliarge of the affairs of the farm, and for two years managed to keep his brothers and sisters together, but the struggle was very hard for him, and the children were then separated, being sent to live with strang- ers, and having to endure many privations and hardships. Mr. Walker when he became freed fioni his charge worked out by tlie month at 810 a month for three years. March 28. 1854. he mar- ried Minerva Brown, and was once more enabled to have a home of his own, liaving carefully saved his earnings. Mrs. Walker is a daughter of James Brown, of Lewistown Township, who came to this count}- from the State of Maine, in 1 828. and was oue of the earliest settlers of this part of the .State. The fol- lowing is the record of the nine children born to Mr. and Mrs. Walker: Mary E., born Januar}- 1, 1855, is married to Oeorge W. Shinkle, of Warren County; William W., born March 21, 1857, married Etiie Keutchler, and lives in Union Township; Ona, born March 15. 1860; John C, April 30, 18C2; Francis .M.. October 1, 1864; Annie, December 31, 1867; George M., March 27, 1870, and James H., August 10, 1872, are all at home with their parents; Eildie B., born May 15, 1S75. died in infancy. Mr. Walker resides on section 26, where he has as fine a farm as can be found in I'nion Township. Us one hundred and twenty acres are very fertile and well-tilled, there is a fine class of buildings on the place and everything about betokens thrifty and well-directed management. (Jur subject isa thoroughly upright, honest man, alwajs dealing fairl}- and squarely bv all, and his estimable ci.aracter, as well as his capability. Iihs given him an important' place among the civic of- ficials of the fownship. He Ikts represented it on the County Board of Supervisors, proving himself well qualified for that position b}' the able way in which he discharged the duties of his office. He is interested in the cause of education, and as School Director for six years has promoted it in every waj' [lossible. The Republican party finds in him a faithful supporter. He and his good wife are mem- bers of the Methodist Episcopal Church at Avon, and heartilv aid its everv good work. • ' °%- ^^ M \l?AMES W. ROSIN. A traveler in Fulton Count}- sees many attractive homes, not only in the thriving towns but in the agri- cultural districts, the evidences of prosperity and good taste being plentiful on everv hand. In Buckheart TO'Vnship, stands a substantial two- story house of pleasing architectural design, around which well-tilled acres stretch and adequate farm buildings cluster. In the pasture lands, thorough- bred .Short-horn and Duriiani cattle and Poland- China swine may be seen. Investigation proves that this estate belongs to .lames W. Rosin, a na- tive of this county, who, although still a compara- tively young man, is a successful farmer and stock-raiser. The parents of our subjpct w-ere Levi and Mary (Skinner) Rosin, natives of the Buckeje State, wlio removed to Fulton County, III., in the 'iOs. After a short sojourn in Liverpool Township, where our subject was born February 14, 1857, they came to Bucklieart Townshij). Here tlie father died in 1861. his wife having a short tinie before crossed the river of death. Tlie children being- young when the parents died the farailj- history has not been preserved. Levi and Serepta Rosin liad three children of whom our subject is the j-oungest. The eldest, Lewis, born in 1850, is now living in the -State of Missouri. The second son died when very young. After the death of his father James Rosin made his home with friends until he became of age. November 29, 1879, he married Catherine, daugh- ter of Allen Carver, whose sketch will be found on another page in this volume. His chosen companion is competent to assist him, as a thrifty woman can. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 571 in building up his fortunes, in carefully rearing the children who have been born to them, and in carry- ing out every neighboiiy work in which he sees fit to engage. A short lime .ifter his marriage, in 18S0, JNlr. Rosin rented a farm, which he occupied until 1884, during wliich year he purchased a quarter section of his father-in-law, on it taking up his permanent abode. In 1889 he erected the dwelling wliich now sheliers his familj- and under whose roof four bright cliildren display the charms of childhood. They are Dollie E., born October 7, 1880: Ernie i B.. March 17, 1883; Elmer F., May 0, 1885; and Maude Sybil, August 28, 1887. A peaceable and law-abiding citizen, an intelligent and industrious tiller of the soil, and a man of honor in his rela- tions with mankind, Mr. Rosin is duly respected by those by whom he is known. "Tw/ ONAS MORGAN, son of Daniel Morgan, wjis borif September 1 2, 1800, in Shenandoah Val- le}^ Ya. His father was a native of ^'irginia, but of Welsh descent. His grandfather, Jonas Morgan, was drafted in the Revolutionary AVar. and sent to Culpeper Court House, to be sworn in, but his wife, who was determined to save him, dressed herself in man's clothing, and -i^re- sentcd herself to be a substitute for him. The dis- guise was very perfect, and she with her husband left the camp the next day. He was never after- wards called upon to expose his life in l)ehalf of his country. Mr. Morgan's father was in the Norfolk War. His mother, who pn^vious to her marriage was Miss Lydia Devon, was a native of Virginia, and of Scotch descent. They continued to reside in that State a number of years, and then moved to Licking County, Ohio, where they made their home until 1834, at which date they came to Putman Town- ship and remained here during the rest of tlieir lives. To them were born nine children ; he died in 1879, and she breathed her last in 1886. The su1)ject of our sketch received only a limited education in the common schools of Ohio, and commenced a business career for himself when twenty-two years of age. On September 9. 1822, he married Miss Delilah Burge, daughter of John and IMargaret Burge, of Pennsylvania. Mrs. Mor- gan's parents moved from Pennsylvania to Ohio, and died in that State. Immediately after his marriage Mr. Morgan settled in IIooi) Pole Tdwn- ship. Licking County, Ohio, on a faini, and con- tinued to make his home there until the year 1833, when he moved to Illinois, settling on his present estate. * Mr. Morgan is one of the early pioneers in this township, and is about the oldest settler living in this school district. At the time of his first appear- anc3 the country was in a very wild and unculti- vated state. and he had all the troubles that naturall v attend the improvement of a farm. He came just at the close of the Black Ilawk War, and the land upon which he settled was all timber. He built a small log house, and lived in a very unostentatious and quiet manner, and by means of never-failing industry has during his sixty 3'ears of residence here, cultivated this land after the most improved methods. He has done an immense lot of hard work, but though at the present date he is ninety years of age, he is bright and a cheerful companion. In fact he has always been a man of unusually strong mental and physical powers. Our suliject and his wife are the jiarents of twelve children, of whom the following nine are living: Daniel, James, Elizabeth, Elmira, Eliza, De- lilah, Lydia, William, and Harvey. Mr. and Mrs. Morgan are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and have been faithful in their attendance for many years. He was one of the first trustees of this church, and the only one of them who are living at the present lime, and has been Class Leader and Superintendent of the Sunday-school during five years. He was a prominent member of the Christian Union, and was also a member of a militia company in Ohio. He has been a pathmaster and road-overseer. Our subject has always taken an active part in politics, and regularly voted tlie Democratic ticket, his vote being cast for Andrew Jackson. Though he and Mrs. Morgan are quite advanced in years their longevity has not in any measure destroyed 572 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALHUM. their natural amiability and desire to please. With each passing year they have continued to add to the long list of tlieir friends, and are to-day very much respected and liked throughout Ihe commun- ity ill whicli they reside. USTUS EFFLAND. This gentleman, who is of German birth, has been a resident of Fulton County since 1859 and has done good work in aiding in the rapid develop- ment of Deerfielil Township and Fulton County, and their present high standing among the agri- cultural districts of tlie Union. Mr. Effland has been successful in his efforts to acquire a good home, and has accomplished his purpose by strict attention to business and thorough responsibility in all he undertakes. He owns and occupies an estate on section 7, Deerfield Township, which consists of one hundred and forty-two acres of well-stocked and thoroughly-tilled land. The most of the work of improvement has been done by the present owner, including the clearing of about twenty acres and the digging of two wells. The house, barn and other improvements are substantial, con- veniently located and sufficiently adequate for their various purposes. Our subject came of respectable parentage, his immediate progenitois having been John and Thirza (Sliuhart) Effland. Both were born in Germany and the father died there in 1849. The mother came to America in 1862 ami breathed her last in Ohio in 1880. The birth of our subject took place in Hesse-Cassel, Germany, September 16, 1837, and in his native country he remained until 1857. He then crossed tiie briny deep, be- lieving that the New World would open up to hiai a broader way in which to work toward tlie desired result, a good home. The young man located in Ottawa County, Oiiio, spending a year in working for his uncle and another in farm labor for a cousin. In 1859 he came to this county, beginning work on a farm in Ellisville Township for his brother, with whom lie remained until the war broke out. He then hired out as a teamster to George Malj' and went south to Pittsburg Landing,?being gone six months. Hav- ing been taken ill ho returned to Ellisville, tlien made a two months' trip to Ohio, after which he returned to this vicinity, and rented a farm. A year later, he wentCto Ohio after his bride and buying flft3-two acres in Ottawa County, resided thereon some eighteen months. The situation did not ple.sse him and returning to this counly he rented laml in Deerfield Tuwnship until 1.870, then bought eighty- acres on section 7. There he con- tinued to reside ten j'cars, grubbing, fencing, and otherwise improving the land, which he tinallj-sold in 1880. We next find him renting one hundred and sixty acres on section 2.3, but two 3-ears later buying and taking possession of his present farm. The efficient and devoted woman whom Mr. Eff- land won for his wife is a native of Hesse-Cassel, Germany, a daughter of .lohn and Elizabeth (Bur- hel) Stick, and was christened Catherine. Her marriage to our subject was celebrated January 24, 1864. Mr. and Mrs. Effland have had three sons and five daughters, the survivors being Henry, Anna, Maggie, ^laiy a.:d Nettie. The first-born, John H., died April 11, 1883; the fifth child, Eliza, died October II, 1875; and the seventh, Freddie, April 11, 1881. Mr. Effland is a stanch Ilciiublicau and lakes quite an intercslin political affairs. He has served in the capacity of School Director ami Palhmaster. He belongs to the Lutheran Church to tlie support of which he contributes liberally and in which he has held the office of Deacon three years. He is well known throughout the county and respected as his industrious and upright life deserves. "^ ATKICK MEEHAN. One of the most prosperous dwellers in Orion Township is the gentleman above named, a merchant and coal operator at Breed's Stati(ni. His finan- cial ability is unmistakable and li.as secured for him an excellent business during the few years in which he has been thus engaged. He is a son of Dennis and Mary (O'Conner) Meelian, natives of the Em- 1 ^5%, gSij, J^^ <*'«-^ *fje^^' ^^ cyoce^o^ Wo^^^^^ PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 575 eraW Isle who emigrated to America ovtr forty years ago and settled near Cliicigo. The subject of this brief sketch was reared on a farm, reaching jears of maturity amid pastoral surroundings. Eleven years ago Mr. Jlcclian came to Fulton County, securing tlie position of Superintendent of tlie Seville Coal it Lime Corapanj', which he re- tained five years, lie then began mining for him- self and opened a store wiiere lie is still located, year liy year increasing his commercial resources. In politics he is a Democrat, while his religious rearing and birthright make him a Roman Catholic. On August 8, 187.5, the rites of weing its vast agricidtural re- sources. As a worthy member of its farming com- munity, who has contributed toward its material advancement, and has been very prominent in its civic, social, religious and educational life, it gives us pleasure to represent Mr. Cosier in this volume. He has long been associated with the agricultural interests of Joshua Townslnp and has built up a comfortable home here on the southwestern quai- ter of section 5. Mr. Cosier was l)orn near Dayton, Montgomery County, Ohio, June 2.5, 18'23. He passed the early years of his life in Greene County, a lialf-mile from the place of his birth. He was a mason by trade, and followed that occupation while a resi- dent of Ohio, and by industry accumulated a small property. In 1852 he sold it, and with the [jroceeds came to Illinois, accompanied by his family, making the journey with a team, a heavy wagon and one light wagon, and upon his arrival locating in .Joshua Township. He was a man of considerable education, had taugiit school in Ohio for three terms and was engaged in that profes- sion the first winter of his settlement in this State. Mr. Cosier first settled on the northwest quar- ter of section 26, his place comprising one hundred and twenty acres, and on the land was a rude log cabin and stable, in the former of which he and his wife and family of four children first made their home. He made an addition to the cabin IG.xlC feet in dimensions, and lived there until 1863, when he builta neat frame house, 18.x28 feet, with an "L" 16x24 feet. In 1860 he built a bank barn, 32x44 feet in dimensions, and erected a wagon shed and corn cribs, 16x32 feel. He lived on that place until 1877, when he put it in charge of his oldest son, who still operates it. Our subject has anothei farm of eighty acres on the western half of the southwestern quarter of section 14, and this has been occupied b}' his youngest son since 1877. Mr. Cosier came to his present residence in 1877. It consists of twenty- three acres of choice, highly cultivated Land on the southwestern quarter of section 25. He has met with good fortune in the prosecution of his call- ing and now owns two hundred and tweiity acres of as fine farming land as may be found in the county, and is one of the solid men of his town- ship. Mr. Cosier has received substantial aid in what he has accomplished from his devoted wife, for- merly Miss Margaret Miller, to whom he was united in marriage in January, 1845. Their wedded life has been gladdened by the birth of five children, as follows: Cj'rus F., who lives on section 20, has been twice married; he first married Miss Maxie, while the maiden name of his present wife was Frances A. Murphy; Barbara Ellen married Will- iam II. Geltmachcr and lives near Gfioil Hope, McDonough County; Mar}' Jane married Job Walker, former treasurer of Fulton County, who is now deceased; she is living in Atlantic, Crss County, Iowa. I^avid F. (narried Caroline Thorne 576 P0RTR4IT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. and lives on section 14, Joshua Township; and Lydia Maria tnanied John D. Young and lives near Gooil Hope. The power of honesty and integrity is well il- lustrated in the quiet unpretentious life of our subject, as all agree who know liira; and all who come in contact with him, realize that he is a Christian man in every sense of the word and practices Christianity in his daily life. Both he and his wife are consistent members of the United Brethren Church, with which he has been con- nected since 1843. IMr. Cosler's fellow-citizens, recognizing his worth and his good capacity fi^r affairs, have often called him to take part in the public life of the count}' and township, and he h.is proved an invaluable civic officer. He has been Justice of the Peace since 18,")8. and has ever been a peacemaker rather than an encourager of litigation. He has been a member of the Board of Supervisors ten different times, and has served as Assessor six terras. He is still Justice of the Peace, and is also School Director, having always manifested a deep interest in educational matters in this locality. Politicall\'. he is a Democrat and lends ready aid to his party. Elsewhere in this volume will be noticed a litho- graphic portrait of Mr. Cosier. ; LEXANDER MARANVILLE. One of the prosperous farmers of Lewistown Town- ship, is the gentleman above named, who was born on the farm he now occupies, on the 6th of March. 1841. He is a lUrect descendant of Louis DeMaranville, a native of France, and a mrmber of the French army. He emigrated to America, locating on the coast of Maine, and fol- lowing a seafaring life until his last years. His son, Lewis Maranville, (the name having been Angli- cized), was born in the Pine Tree State, and reared to agricultural [lursuits. About 1802 he removed to Ohio, making the entire trip with teams. Locating at Ashtabula, he purchased a tract of timber land, cleared a farm from the wilderness, and resided there until death. He was drowned while attempt- ing to cross a stream. The maiden name of his wife was Mar}' Jlaranville, she also being of French ancestry. The next in the direct line of descent was a sec- ond Lewis Maranville. a son of the couple above mentioned, and a native of Ashtabula, Ohio. He learned the trade of a carpenter and joiner, follow- ing it in his native State until 1830, when he re- moved to this count}', making the journey by team and being six weeks on the road. At that time the county was very sparsely settled, and a portion of the l.ind was still owned by the Government, and f'.>r sale at ^1.2;) per acre. Deer, turkeys, and other kinds of wild game were plentiful. After follow- ing his trade a few }-ears, Mr. Maranville bought a tract of timber land in Lewistown Townshii), built a dwelling, began to clear the farm, and has since devoted his attention to agricultural pursuits. With his son he still occupies the old homestead which now ranks among the good farms of the section, and he has lived to see the surrounding country develop from a wilderness to a well-settled and wealthy region. The mother of our subject was known in her maidenhood as ^lelinda Huff. Her father, John Huff, a native of Virginia, was reared to agricul- tural pui'suits in his native State, and about 1812 removed by team to Hancock County, Ky., of which he was a pioneer. At that time Indians were numerous and hostile, and the few settlers were obliged to live in a fort, or stockade. He cleared a farm upon which he resided until his death. His father, William Huff, a native of Maryland, and of Scotch ancestry, removed to Virginia, and thence to Kentucky, where he spent his last years. Mrs. Maranville was born in the Old Dominion, and died on the homestead here in 188fi. Slip reared two sons, he of whom we write, and Charles. The lat- ter served in the One Hundred and Third Illinois Infantry, Company A, and was killed before At- lanta, August 19 1804. Our subject resided with his parents until seven- teen years old, when in April, 1858, he started with a company for Pike's Peak. The entire journey was made with teams, the Missouri River being crossed from Council BlutTs to Omaha, which was then a hamlet. Nebraska contained but few white set- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 577 tiers except along the streams, while the plains abounded with deer, antelope and buffalo, and In- dians were numerous. On the 2.5th of June the partj' arrived at Denver, then a village of about two hundred inhabitants mostly living in log houses. Thence Mr. Maranville went to the mountains where he was occupied in prospecting about four months, after wiiich he again crossed the plains and reaching Waverly, Iowa, remained there sevm monllis. At the expiration of that time the young man returned to his home, where lie engaged in farming until 1862. August 9 of that year he became a member of Company A, One Hundred and Third Illinois Infantry, was mustered in at Peoria, and in November sent to Tennessee. The regiment spent the winter in that State, going to Yicksburg in the spring, and during the noted siege forming a pari of tlie rear guard of the Federal Army, whose office was to prevent Johnston's forces from reinforcing those in the city. Tlic regiment subsequently par- ticipated in the battles of Jackson, Miss., and Mis- sionary Ridge, and accompanied Sherman on the march through Georgia, taking part in all the bat- tles of the campaign, including the siege and cap- ture of Atlanta. From that city they marched to the sea, thence by the Carolinas and Richmond to Washington to participate in the Grand Review, after which tliey went to Louisville, K}^, where the}' were mustered out in July. 1865. Mr. Maranville was mustered into the service as Corporal, and served as such until August, 1863, when he became a band leader, continuing to act as a musician until his dis<'harge. While assisting in carrying back the wounded from the field, he was himself wounded three times. The first occa- sion was at Missionary' Ridge, vvhere he was struck by a piece of shell, being thereby laid up about a month. His second wound was from a spent njiuie ball at Atlanta, and the third from a piece of shell which passed llirough his right hand when at Savan- nah, Ga. After his discharge from the volunteer service, Mr. Maninville enlisted in the regular army, and was first assigned to duty in Savannah. Thence he was sent to Governor's Island, subsequently trans- ferred to Annapolis, and finally assigned to Alex- andria, Va., vvhere he received his discharge in August, 186G. He then returned to his home and resumed farming, remaining in this county until 1873, when he removed to Benton Countj', Kan. After tilling the soil there for a year, he removed to Arkansas, and receiving the appointment of Deputy Marshal for the Northern District, was stationed at Ft. Smith for two years. He then resigned, returned to this county, and has since oc- cupied and operated the old homes'c.id. The marriage of Alexander Maranville and Celia Piper was solemnized on August 19, 1862. The bride, a native of the Kpystone .state, is a lady of intelligence and estimable character, who worthily fills her place at the head of the household. Her family consists of three childi-en — Annie, Katie, and Blanche. Mr. Maranville is a believer in. and supporter of the principles of the Republican party. His army life is commemorated through his identi- fication with Thomas Lay ton Post, No. 121, G. A. R. He also belongs to Kenneth Lodge No. 146, K. P.. and to Lewistown Camp No. 280, M. W. A. |VILLIAM R. WEAVP:R. This name will be \\\w/ ^^ °^^^ recognized by the majority of our \\f^ readers as that of one of the leading agri- culturists of Fulton Count}'. In addition to gen- eral farming he makes a specialty of raising Shropshire sheep, having some of the finest animals of this breed to be found in the LTniled States, many of them imported. On account of his interest in this work he has bestowed upon his estate the name of Shroi)shire Lawn. It consists of one hun- dred and fifty acres, which are tilled in the most thorough manner and are adorned with a fine set of buildings, second to none in the townshii*. They are complete in all their appointments, and the dwelling is surrounded with all that goes to make a home pleasant and attractive. Our subject is a representative of a prominent and highly respected family, whose identification with the early development of this county proved a valuable factor in its civilization. Going back in the paterual line three generations we come to 578 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAI'FIICAL ALBUM. the Hon. Isaac ^Weaver, of the Keystone State, | whose son William came to this county in 1835 anil died .it Young Hickon- April 11, 1879. He was accompanied hither by a son, Isaac, who had been born in Green Count}^ Pa., July 13, 1819. This Isaac AVeaver was married in Peoria County, December 13, 1838, to Miss Harriet C. Reeve, whose natal day was July 10, 1811, and birthplace. Plattsburg, Cliuton County. N. Y. The young couple settled in Deerlield Tuwiiship, this county, and a few years later built just across the line in Young Hickory Township. The}' remained there until 1857, then removed to Prairie Cit}-, McDon- ough County, where Mrs. Weaver died January 27, 1879. Mr. AVeaver survived until January 28, 1890, breathing liis last in the same city. Isaac Weaver was highly respecteil b\- all who knew him, being upright and honorable in all his dealings, interested in the true welfare of those about him. and ever read}' to give counsel and ad- vice to the many who sought it at his hands. He was well read ou all subjects, possessed of sound judg- ment and Christian character. He filled various offices in Young Hickorj- Township, among them being that of Supervisor, and was Justice of the Peace in Prairie City for many years. He was also Notary Public and a successful Pension Agent. He came very near winning the race for the office of County Judge in McDonough Couutj-. He took an active interest in the Sunday-school work. His wife was also identified with the Metho- dist Episcopal Church. The family of Mr. and Mrs. Isaac Weaver con- sisted of six children, the third of whom is the subject of this biograpliical notice — Eliza M., the first-born, is the wife of George W. Beer; Mary E., the second child, died when twenty-one years old; Harriet C. is the wife of Samuel S. King; Henry C. died when about a year old; Isaac F. married Miss Lydia Brinkerhoff, and resides in Arkansas County, Ark. AVilliani R. Weaver was born in Young Hickorj' Township, this count}', January 20, 1845. He was about twelve years old when his parents removed to I'rairie City, wherein he grew to manhood and continued to live until his marriage. He assisted his father, who operated a grain elevator, until a ; few months after his majority, when he established a home of his own in Young Hickor}- Township. After living there about five j'ears he. in the fall of 1870, removed to Canton Township, settling on section 6. where he has since remained. He pos- sesses the progressive ido.is of the age, and makes of his agricultural pursuits both an art and a science. He therefore proves successful in his chosen call- ing, gaining from the fertile soil abundant crops of excellent quality. His flock of sheep is one of the finest in tlie entire State and the source of a good income. The other stock is of course excel- lent, ami the machinery used upon the place of the most approved models. The marriage of our subject was solemnized in Cautou Township Februar}- I, 18G6. his companion in the interesting event being Miss Ellen Leeper. Her family, like that of her husband, is one of emi- nent respectability and has been identified wilh the development of this county lor more than half a century. Mrs. Weaver received unexcelled home training and good educational advantages, and is therefore well qualified to fill her place at the head of the household. She joins with her husband in ex- ercising the most generous hospitalitv, and all who cross their threshold depart wilh pleasing memories of her grace as a hostess and devotion as a parent. Mr. and Mrs. AVeaver have two sons — Frank E. and Lorau E. The parents of Mrs. Weaver were Thomas and Eliza (Lake) Leeper. The father was born in Ohio in 1801, and the mother in New Jersey, September 9, 1809. Their marriage took place in Hamilton Count}'. Ohio, Janaaryl8,1826, and there they made their home ten years. They then removed to this county, arriving in September, 1836, and locating in Fairview Township. There the beloved husband and father died, November 9. 1859, his dying hours cheered by the hope of a blessed immortality. He was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, with which his widow is identified. Besides Mrs. Weaver the family of Mv. and Mrs. Leeper included — Jane, who became the wife of David AA'eaverand died in Canton, Canton Township; Mary A., wife of John Williamson; Catherine, wife of J. P. Dean; Charlotte, wife of Thomas Pool, whose home is in Union Township; AVilliam, who married Kate "^.. f .%.. ' PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 08 1 Rose and lives in EllisvilleTownsliip; George, who was killed at Vicksburg, liaving been a uiember of tbe Seveulysecond Illinois Infantry, known as llu' Board of Trade Regiment; Ann, wife of Barue3' G?eenwell, of Farmington Township; Sarali, wife- of Andrew ^McBride, of Farmer's City ; Adeline, who lives in Canton Township. Mr. Weaver finds time in Ihe midst of his exten- sive personal interests to bear an active part in the political affairs of the neighborhood, in educational matters and in all movements wliieli tend to the general welfare. He is now .School Trustee and has been Director. He votes the Republican ticket, and the hindrances must be many and great that keep him away from the polls. He belongs to the American .Shropshire Registr3' Association. Per- sonally, he is one of tlie most genial, compan- ionable men, strictl\- honorable in his dealings, and therefore highly regarded by all with whom he has to do. JO.SEPII B. NEGLY. Among the numerous avenues by which men pass to success tliere is none that affords belter opportunities than that of tilling the soil. Without doubt the farmer's life has less of cankering care in it than thai of any other class of workers in the busi- ness worhL He leatls a quiet life, free from the noise and care that almost invariably attend a commercial career, and confident that his lalior will bring a good result. Mr. Negly is numbered among the successful agriculturists of Fulton County, 111., who having accumulated a fortune, can afford to rest from active labor and enjoy the comforts wealth can procure. As such we are pleased to present a Ijrief account of his life, and also direct the attention of the reader to his litho- graphic portrait on the opposite page. The place where Mr. Negly spent the earlier period of his life was near Mercersburg, in Mont- gomery Township, Franklin County, Pa., and the date of liis birth was June 15, 1813. He comes of CTerman lineage, his great-grandfather coming from the Fatherland at a very earl}' day and lo- cating in Pennsylvania. In that State Grandfatlier Eliab Negly was born, and there, after a useful career, he passed from the busy scenes of earth. His occupation was that of a miller, and he figured in the Revolutionary War. The immediate pro- genitors of our subject were Jacob and Mary (Bowermaster) Negly, both of German descent. The father was a farmer, and in connection with his agricultural lal)ors worked as a blacksmith, having learned that trade. The parental family included eight children, of whom tlie following are deceased : John, Mary, Jacob, Elizabeth, j;iiab and Daniel. The survivors are: Barbara B., widow of Jacob Martin, of Penn- sylvania, and our subject. He of whom we Vv-rite was reared on his father's farm and continued to live with his parents until he was twenty-three years of age, when be was prepared to establish a liome of his own. He was united in marriage, June 14, 1836, with Miss Catherine Wolf, a native of Pennsylvania and the daughter of David and Cath- erine (Buttesbaugh) Wolf. The record of the children born to Mr. and Mrs. Negly is as follows: David Wolf died in infancy; Catherine is the wife of Newton Ellis, of Canton; Ann Maria married John Brown, of Marshalltown, Iowa; Joseph W. lives near Gilman, Iowa; Daniel P. is deceased; George owns and is residing at the old homestead where he was born: Susan is the wife of N. C. Wilkinson, of Alta, Iowa; Jacob M., the second child, was killed at the battle of Shiloh, while with the Seventeenth Illinois Infantry, in Company C; AVilliam H., the youngest child, is deceased. After tbe death of his first wife Mr. Negly was married in Buckhcart Township, June 15, 1881, to Mrs. Mar}' Almsley, widow of Aaron Almsley and a native of Germany. Her parents, Jacob and Catherine (Slossen) Tresser left the Fatherland when she was only three years old, emi- grating to the United States and locating near Chambersburg, in Franklin County, Pa. While in the prime of early manhood our sub- ject resolved to locate in the West, and coming to Canton, 111., in October, 1844, soon afterward purchased a farm in Fairview Township. He con- tinued to give his time and attention to agricultu- ral |)ursuits until he retired from his active labors and settled in Canton in 1883. At one time he 582 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. engaged in the mercantile business, being the pro- prietor of a (lr3-goocls store and succeeding admir- ably in that, as in other avocations. In politics lie was formerly aWhig, then a Republican, and still fre- quently votes the latter ticket, although he is now identified with the Greenback party. For a period of fifteen years he vvas President of the Fairview Mutual Fire Insurance Company. He is a Master Mason, having been connected with the Fairview Lodge for twentj' eight years, and being Master of Fairview Lodge twelve years; he is also a Royal Arch Mason. For a time he was in Europe buying horses for the Canton Importing Company, of which he w.as made President on his return home. THOMAS J. Mcelroy is a native of this (|™jsv\ county born August 23, 1847, and is num- bered among the prosperous and well-to-do citizens of Harris Township. He comes of fine old Revolutionary stock and is a son of Thomas II. and Elizabeth (Humphrey) McElroj'. natives of Ohio. His father was born June 21. 1808, and his mother February 15, 1811. They had eight chil- dren, of whom our subject was the sixth. Adam McElroy, of Glasgow, Scotland, was the paternal great-great-grandfather of our subject. He married Miss Raebael McClure, and they removed to Ireland and settled in the village of Drummore. County Down. They were the parents of three children : Adam. Riichael, and John. The latter was tiie direct ancestor of our subject, and he mar- ried Nancy Newall, a daughter, of George and Frances Newall, who lived in Lancaster, England, near Liverpool, where she was born in 1674. John and Nancy McElroy had twelve children, among whom was John the immediate progenitor of tlie family on this side of the water. John McElroy, the grandfather of our subject, was a Volunteer in the Pennsylvania line, enlisting January 1, 1776, and served throughout the war in different stations until 1783, a period of seven years ten months and three days. He wrote an in- teresting account of his Revolutionary experience in an old Bible in 1816. After giving the dates of tiie birth and death of his brothers and sisters, he continues: " Twilfth cliild, John, myself, was born May 22, 1758. Our family emigrated to America in 1772, and my mother died at sea on the 10th of Ma)\ the same year. We landed at Marcushook the 22d of May, 1772, my birtliday. And in 1773 lived in Newcastle County, Delaware. In 1774, I lived with Robert Finnej', of Delaware, "lairning" painting and glazing, and part of 1775, no emi)loyment. Lived some time with Alexander and with Samuel Mears in the Path Vallej', Pa. The first of January-, 1776, I enlisted in the Penn- sylvania Battalion, commanded b3' Col. William Irvin, of Carlisle. The first of April got battalion raised and marched, two companies at a time, first to Lancaster, and on to Philadelphia, there getting knapsacks and blankets. Went by water to Tren- ton, then to Elizabethtown Point, then by water to New York. Then by water to Alban}', where we received tents and camp equipage, about the 1st of Ma3^ Then to Lancingburg. Then to Half Moon. Next to Saratoga, crossing the Hudson River at Ft. Edward, then to William Henr3'. Then crossed Lake George to Ticonderoga. Then to Crown Point, then crossed Lake Champlain to St. John, then to Ft. Chamblee; tben down the river Sorrell to St. Lawrence. Then down the St. Lawrence. Crossed Lake St. Peter, and on to the Three Rivers, where we went to attack the British advance guard. But the previous night the whole arm3- had come up and the river was full of ships and transports. However, we at- tacked them and of course got handsomely beat, losing about one hundred men, mostly prisoners. When our "battons" (this word could not be made out) spied the British "shippin,'' they made their escape with all our provisions, so we traveled eighty odd miles on good brown pine swamp water. This was the first time 1 ever knew what real hunger was. When (we came to) Barkee our boats mot us with a three pound loaf of bread to each man. We tried to purchase some onions from an old Scotch woman who was churning, but (she) would not take paper nione3'. We contrived to run away with her churn, however, and took it into some bushes in the meadow. The bread and half churned but- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 583 termillv was the gi-eatest feast. Tlie old lady miss- ing lier cluiin damned our Yankee souls to all intents and purposes. We flien crossodjthe .St. Lawrence, nine mile.s wiiic'to the camp at Soirell. Next da_y we retreated up the Sorrell to Cbamblee. We burned four schooners, a gunboat, the foi't and everything we couldruot get up the falls. Hoisted our boats up. Burned St. John's, and on to Isle au Hour, where we rested a week. Here the Indians gave us the first salute, killing two officers and two privates. Two officers, one sergeant, and myself, being about one hundred yards awa}' at a spring below the house, providentially escaped, vve l)eing like fools all unarmed. The Indians were off in less than three minutes with four scalps." (Here the article abruptly stops, some of the leaves being evidently torn out.) This gallant Revolutionary l.'ero lived to fight the British in the War of 1812 and died at a ripe old age, P'obriiary 17, 1841. He was twice mar- ried, first to Miss Mary Backman, aged nineteen, at Easton, Pa., February 13, 1782. She died July 30, 1799, at the forks of Indian Short Creek, of child- birth. She w.as the mother of nine children. The grandfather of our subject was married a second time March 22, 1800, taking as his wife Miss Margaret Hughes, a daughter of Thomas and Margaret (Stade) Hughes, of Baltimore County, Md. She bore him ten children, among whom was Thomas H., the father of our subject. He was born June 21, 1808. The family moved to Ohio, and there the father of our subject was married at Warrentown. His wife was a daughter of John and \'irgini,i (Lewis) Humphrey. John Humphrey was a captain in the Revolution, serving as an otTi- cer seven years under Washington's command. He died in Ohio at the venerable age of ninety 3'ears. His wife was Elizabeth Melvee, of Ireland, and she died in Ireland while George, his son, was a child. Thomas McElroy, of this sketch, was the sixth child in a family of eight children, and was born August 23, 1847, in the i)ioneer home of his par euts in Marietta, Fulton County, 111., where he grew up and leceieed a common-school education. Mr. McPjlroy was married in Macomb, 111., to Miss M. J. McKeevcr. She was horn in Harrison County, Ohio, September IG, 1853, and is a daugh- ter of Archib.Tld and Sidney (Timeiman) McKeever. Her mother was j^born in Virginia, a daughter of John and';Margaret (Schofter) Timerman, of that State. Archibald McKeever was a native of New- York, and a son of Judgel McKeever. He was married in Ohio, and died when Mrs. McElroy was a child. ARSHALL W. SMITH. Conspicuous among the young farmers of Banner Town- ship is the gentleman above-named, who owns and operates one hundred and thirty acres of land on section 15. Fie was born in this county October 24, 1853, reared on a farm, and acquired a good, practical education in the com- mon schools. He remained an inmate of his fath- er's household until he was twenty-five years of age, when he took a companion and helpmate, and es- tablished a home of his own. He is manifesting energy and intelligence in the prosecution of hie agricultural labur, giving his attention to mixed farming, and reaping a due reward for his efforts. On January 10, 1870, the marriage rites were celebrated between our subject and Miss Rctta Eli- uora Spencer, whose excellent qualities had won his esteem. The union has been blest by the birth of four children, of whom one, Nellie, died in infancy. Those living are George Herman, born October 18, 1881; llattie Bell M.. September 23, 1883 ; Mary* E., June 18, 1889. George Spencer, the father of Mrs. Smith, still lives in this county, where he made an early settlement. Mr. Smith exercises the right of suffrage in be- half of the candidates and principles of Demo- cracy. He has been Assessor of Banner Township and Collector two terms. He is identified with the Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, of Canton. He has added to his early education by a judicious use of good journals, by personal observation, and by contact with mankind. His character is up- right, and his future life promises to be an honored and useful one. Aaron Smith, the paternal grandfather of our subject, was a native of Brandenburg, Prussia, and emigrated to Anaerica in 1799. lie located in Jeffer- 584 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. son County, W.Va., where bis son, Win. H., the fatlier of our subject was born. Smithfiekl. the place of na- tivity of AVilliam H. Smith, was named in honor of the family. That gentleman eanie to this county in 1835, locating in Banner Township, where he still resides. His wife bore the maiden name of Elizabeth Wilcoxeu, and is now deceased. ^-- ^' <| )»ILL:AM T. ROBERTSON, of Robertson \/-J// Bros. & Co., the leadinj; dry-goods lirm WHi of Earmington, is a stirring young mer- chant, a man of unimpeachable integrit_v, and great business abilit}'. He is a son of the well-known James Robertson, who is now living in retirement in Earmington, in the enjoyment of a handsome income. The father of our subject was born in Ireland, and was there married to Rachael Cunningham. They came to America soon after, and spent a few 3'ears in Philadelphia. Mr. Robertson worked at his trade in that city four or five years, and then removed to Wheeling, W. Va., where he remained several years. In 1854 he emigrated to Illinois and cast in his lot with the pioneers of Farming- ton. He has prospered in business here, and he and his wife are enjoying tlie fruits of a well-spent life in their commodious home. He is now nearly sev- ent3-two years of age, and she is seventy. They are fine people, and are held in the highest estima- tion by the entire comnumity where so many years of llieir life have passed. They have had six chil- dren, namely: Robert J., who is cashier of the Wash- ington County- Bank, of Akron, Col. ; Joseph, who is engaged in the mercantile business in Earming- ton ; James, who is a member of the same firm as our subject; Rachael, wife of James Irwin, of Ak- ron, Col.; William Thomas, and Mary who mar- ried Frank Crane, a hardware merchant of Earm- ington. W. T., of wliom this sketch is written, is a fine representative of the native-born citizens of Earm- ington. His birth to.ik place here December 4th, 1854, and liere he was reared and educated. At the age of seventeen he commenced his initiation into I he mercantile business as a clerk in Mr. Rich- ards' dry-goods store. He remained in the employ of that gentleman twelve \'ears, and his fidelity to tlie interests of his employer, his prom|)tness and bis excellent business capaciiy. received their due reward, and at the end of that time his old em- ployer took him into partnership. They have a convenient, well-arranged store, and a capital stock of ii!l2,000; the trade that they command is a large one and brings them in much money. Mr. Robertson and Miss Cora A. Smith, were married in 1885. Mrs. Robertson is a daughter of George Smith, jiroprietor of the Palace Hotel of Farmington, ana one of the earliest settlers of this region. In the pretty, cozy home that they have estab- lished here, one child has been born to them — Al- bert S. Mr. and 3Irs. Robertson possess manj' pleasant personal qualities, are people of tlie best social standing, and have many warm friends. Mr. Robertson is a member of the Masonic fraternity. Politicall}' be gives his support to the Democratic part\-. i^SM- ENJAMIN E. TURNER belongs to that class of agriculturists whose efforts make of this count}' the garden spot of Illinois. He is a comparatively' young man. having been born in 1850, and has spent his life in this county. He worked on his father's farm until 1886 when he established a home of his own on section 6, Banner Township, where he has one hundred acres of fine land, well imjjroved with good buildings of vari- ous kinds, fences, orchards, etc. His land is thor- oughly tilled, produces abundantly and the crops are of excellent quality. The attractive home of our subject is presided over bj' a capable housewife, formerly known as Miss Ettie Tucker. She is a daughter of James Tucker of this county, was well reared and edu- cated, carefully instructed in the principles of life and in womanly attainments. She became the wife of our subject March 15, 1877, and has borne liim three children — Delia. Nellie and Rose. Mr. Turner is a believer in and a supporter of 3. ^5r -,?»^p^ i^-tlT*^ ^ C^^^i^^l-^ r=C^^^^^^x^ ^e^L? •^-> ^iri^ ^C^<^%^/L PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. .■)89 the principles of the Republican party. Well in- formed regarding topics of general interest, en- terprising in business and honorable in his dealings with his fellow-men, he is regarded with respect as a worthy citizen and stanch friend. The parents of our subject, James and Sarah A. Turner, were earh" settlers in this county, having located in Buckheart Township in the '30s. The old church in their neighborhood is still known as Turner's Church. The father breathed his last Deceinber 1.3, 1886, but the motlier is still living at a ripe old age. Their fainil3- consists of eight children besides our subject — Henry F., married Charlotte Weller and lives in Dakota; Mary, mar- ried B. F. Duryea and lives in tliis county; Wil- liam P., married Elizabeth Ketchum, his home being in Banner Township; Louisa married Gieorge Duryea and lives in Stark County; Eliza is the wife of W. H. Williams, her home also being in Stark County; Ella is the wife of George W An- derson, their home being in Los Angeles, Cal.; Alice married FLarvey Burhans and lives in this county; Joseph V. married Lizzie Early, his home being at Hopkins, Mo. AVID LUPER. Among the residents in Lee Township who are spending their declining years in the enjoyment of peace and plentj', obtained by their industrious efforts and good management, and secure in the esteem of all who know them, are David Luper and his good wife, whose portraits appear on the opposite page and whose pleasant home is on section 16, Lee Town- shij). The happy couple, although living alone, their children being married and settled in homes of their own, find ranch to enjoy in life. One of the greatest pleasures Mr. Luper can have is to converse with an interested listener regarding the early days and the pioneer life in which he bore a part. lie speaks of the days when grain was threshed by driving the horses over it; when twenty-live cents was paid for letter carrying; wheat sold for twenty-live cents per bushel, and salt cost $4 per bushel. He hauled his own grain to Can- ton, between which place and Macomb there was not a postoftice. The birth of our subject took place in Crawford County, Pa., January 7, 1814. His parents, Jacob and Nancy (McMurtry) Luper, were born in the Keystone State in 1792 and removed to Ohio in 1834. Tlicy spent the remnant of their d.ays in the Buckeye State, the mother dying two years after their removal thither and the father in 1842. Their family consisted of four sons and three daughters, named respectively: David, Martin, .John. Jasper, Sarah, Harriet and Abigail, all of whom survive. The eldest son, our subject, ac- companied his parents to Ohio and remained with them there four years. He tlien, with his brother- in-law, t;henezer Sanford. started for Illinois with a team, traveling nuicli of the time without seeing a house. Tiiey landed in Ellisville, this county, in Fel)ruary, 1838, and soon after his arrival Mr. Luper bought forty acres of land where he now resides. He cleared and improved a tract, to which he afterward added two hundred and forty acres. He has given his sons a farm and still retains one hundred and eighty acres. The marriage of Mr. Luper and Miss Lois Curtis was celebrated March 10, 1842. Mrs. Luper was born in Ohio May 23, 1823, and in 1837 accom- panied her parents to this county. She is a daugh- ter of Enos and Lucy (Smith) Curtis, who were born in the P>mpirc State, lived in Ohio a few years, and passed the remnant of their days in this State. Mr. Curtis died in 18.54, ten years after his good wife had crossed the river of deatii. Mr. and Mrs. Luper have had eight children, two of whom died in infancy. The survivors are Luc3' Ann, now the wife of Peter Wood and living in Pukwana, Brule County, S. Dak. ; Huldah A., wife of Lorenzo Barnes, their home also in Da- kota; Henry L., who married Nancy Pearce and lives in Lee Township; Emily C, wife of David Louk, whose home is in Lee Township; Martin J., who married Maggie Sheckler and lives in Ellis- ville Township; Mary E., wife of D. C. Smith, whose home is in Lee Township. What is now Lee Township was organized into a precinct in 1841, with thirteen voters, of wliom 590 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. Mr. Luper and Mr. Harrison Rigdon are the only survivors. iSIr. Luper \v:is one of the first High- way Commissioners in the town of Lee, and the second School Treasurer in the townsliip. He is a stanch member of the Republican party. Both Mr. and Mrs. Luper have been members of the Baptist Church for forty years and Jlr. Luper has been Deacon and Trustee. They donated 8100 to tlie Chicago University in 1860 and also gave to tlie Baptist Union Theological Seminary of Chicago in 1873. They have taken the Standaixl, a reli- gious and family newspaper, published in Chicago, since 1853. On his return from a visit to Penn- sylvania a few years since, Mr. Luper witnessed the burning of a ship near Cleveland, Ohio, where more than three hundred lives were lost. It is probable that no couple now living in the county are more highly respected than our subject and his wife, and certainly none are better deserving of representation in this volume than the aged couple who have witnessed so much of the growth of the county. ■e^,,EAVTON P2LLIS, formerly a prominent far- I j)l mer and stock-raiser, is now residing in i[,i^_ Canton, devoting his attention to looking after his investments there and elsewhere, besides having a brick business edifice, good residence and otiier property within the city limits. He is one of the vast army who spent weary months in cam- paign life in order to preserve the Union and as such is deserving of the respect of all who love their country. Isaac Ellis, the father of our subject, was born in South Carolina in 1803, and died in this count}- in 1877. When quite J'oung he became a resident of Teiuicssee where he grew to manhood and married Nancy Jennings. This lady was born in Tennes- see February 22, 1807. She is of English extrac- tion in t!ie paternal line, while the P^llis family is of Scotch descent. In 1830, Isaac Ellis, and his fam- ily, which at that time consisted of a wife and two children, removed to this countv, locating in what is now Canton Township. Taking possession of a tract of new land, the husband and father opened up and improved the same, carrying on general farming. He was a man of great energj' and force of character, a good financier, and accumulated a handsome properl}-, leaving a valuable estate when called hence. His loss was mourned by a wife and ten children and he had Ijeen preceded to the tomb by one child. His widow is still living, in the possession of all her faculties, occupying the old homestead which has been the scene of so much of her life work. The natal day of our subject was in December, 1843, and on the farm in the township of which he is still an honored resident, he grew nearl}' to man- hood. He attended the common schools, where he acquired a good practical understanding of the branches taught, and in the intervals of studj' bore his share of the work going on upon the estate un- til after the outbreak of the Civil War. He was about eighteen years old, when, in 1862, he en- listed in Company C, One Hundred and Third Illi- nois Infantry, Col. Dickerman commanding. When thoroughly organized the regiment was assigned to the Army of the Tennessee, and to the Fifteenth Army Corps commanded bj- Gen. John A. Logan. Besides bearing his part in what are considered the minor duties of campaign life, although frequently as arduous and dangerous as participation in bat- tle, Mr. Ellis took part in several of the most bloody engagements of the war. Among these we mention Chickamauga. Missionary Ridge and Ken- esaw Mountain. At the last he received a serious wound, a shot penetrating the fleshy part of .the leg just below the knee and unfitting him for duty. He was taken to the Jeft'ersonville (Ind.) Hospital in which he was forced to remain some months. Wlien mustered out of the service, in June, 1865, Mr. Ellis returned to his home in this county and engaged in farming and stock-raising, pursuing his enter|)riscs successfully for some 3-ears. He was aclivel}' engaged thus until 1882, when he moved into the city of Canton, establishing himself in a pleasant residence on the south-west corner of Elm and Second Streets. Here with his chosen com- panion he is enjoying the good things of life in the midst of an intelligent and respected circle of ac- quaintances. In the spring of 1871 Mr. Ellis led to the hymen- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. r)9i eal altar Miss Kate Negley, at that time a resident of this coiinty, but a native of Frnnkliii Count}', Pa. Mr. Ellis is identified with tlie Masonic fra- ternit}'. He has filled some minor offices of trust, among them Ijeing the Majoralt}- of Canton, to which he was elected in the spring of 1889. In politics he is a Republican. "^ R. YERION, propiietor of the Diamond Grocery House, at Faniiington, although a young man has gained great pii|inlarity both in that place and the surrounding neighbor- hood, and does an extensive grocery business. There is probably not within the precincts of Farm- iiigton a more stirring and wide-awake business man, or one who has succeeded better in his chosen occupation than has the subject of this sketch, and he is generally regarded as one of the representa- tive njen of his community. He is a commercial traveler, and b}' his engaging manners and ex- cellent tact commands an immense amount of trade, and is the object of much admiration. He occupies a prominent place in social circles, being a young man of wealth and of culture, and is noted in busi- ness for his promptness anportiinity would occasionali^y slip a slice of bread under his blanket. No railways or canals were built in this part of the country for several years after Mr. Bogue settled here, and when river traffic began the towns on the liver banks were the markets. The father of our subject broke quite a tract of land and planted an orchard, and continued to live on his first purchase until 1835, when he sold out and bouglit a tract of timber land in Vermont Township. It had no improvements, and was a very lonely and secluded spot, as there was not a house where Vermont now stands, lie built a substantial two-story hewed log house and later a frame addi tion. He cleared quite a tract of land, and made his home thereon until the death of his wife, when he went to reside with his daughter, Mrs. Edith A. iMar- sliall. He died in 1876 in his ninety-second year. He had lived to see the country develop from a wilderness to a well-settled and wealthy county, rind did his share in promoting its growth, and his name will ever be cherished among its pioneers. The maiden name of the mother of our subject was Mary A. Easley. She vvas born in Virginia, and was a daughter of Daniel Easle)'. Her death occurred on the old homestead in 1870. She reared the following eleven chddren : Sarah, Elizabeth, Daniel. Edith A., Jonathan, Joel H., Robert, Phcebe, Jesse, Stephen and Rhoda. Robert Bogue, of whom we write, was but three years old when he ca'.ne to this couiity with his parents. He has grown up with the countj^ and remembers well the incidents of their crude life among the pioneers. He attended the pioneer schools of the countj', including the first one ever taught in Vermont. The term of that school com- menced in December, 1836, and was taught in a hewed log house of which the furniture was home- made. The finest bench in the establishment was made of a heweSt:ite aljout 1835, first locating in Bernadotte Township, this countj', and thence removing to Deertiold Townsliip, where the}' died in 1868. Tliey were the jiarents of five sons, of whom our subject is the 3'oungest, lie having been born in Deerfield Township. ISIay 3, 1839. He pursued his studies in the distiict scliool and as- sisted ills parents in various wa3S until he had reached his majority, when he began his personal career as a farmer on his father's land. Young Athearn continued his agricultural labors until October, 18G1, when he could no longer resist his country's call, and became a member of Com- pany D, Fifty-fifth Illinois Infantry. He was present at the battle of ^'icksburg, followed the fortunes of the regiment through the campaign and was present at the surrender. He fought at Arkansas Post, Jackson, Shiloh and Mission Ridge, helped to raise tlie siege at Chattanooga, and in various skirmishes and heavy engagements bore his part as a good soldier should until he reached Atlanta, where he was discharged, November 9, 1864. During the battle of Shiloh, a ball passed through the knee of his pantaloons, that being the closest he is aware of having come to a serious injury. Upon leaving the service Mr. Athearn returned to this county and resumed his former occupation, renting land of his father until 1869. He then went to Riley County, Kan., filed a homesteader's claim to one hundred and sixty acres of land and bought forty acres. He resided upon his homestead until 1875, when he sold his forty-acre tract and returned to this county, renting eighty acres in Lee Township, which he operated a year. He next lo- cated on the Spoon River in Deerfield Township, continuing to reside there until 1880, when he bought the estate he now occupies. At the home of the bride, January 1^7, 1870, the rites of wedlock were celebrated between our sub- ject and Miss Susannah C. Myers. This estimable and efficient woman is a daughter of Joseph and Susan (Sence) Myers, and was born in Deerfield Township July 5, 1844. She had borne her husband two sons and three daughters — Algernon S., Frank E., Jenny M., Elsie S. and Eva Pearl. The eldest d.aughter died when a little more than two 3'ears old, but the others still gladden their parents by their presence at the home fireside. A peaceable and law-abiding citizen, a kind neighbor and a good farmer, Mr. Athearn receives his due measure of respect from those about him. He is now serving his third 3ear as School Director, a fact which sjieaks well for his interest in the cause of education. He never fails to vote the straight Republican ticket, ))ut otherwise takes little purt in politics. -^ -I- -^^ OHN CANNON, a veteran of the Mexican War, is a farmer of much practical ability and has acquired a comfortable properly in the pursuit of his calling which places him among the moneyed men of Bernadotte Township. He comes of one of the oldest pioneer families of this State, and was himself born here, in the early da}' of the settlement of Illinois. His birth oc- curred March 31, 1824, in a little log cabin on tlie Sangamon River in Sangamon Countj'. His parents were natives respectively of South Carolina and Georgia and when lie was about six weeks old, they again took up the march and on May 5, 1824, ar- rived in Fulton County and were among the very first to settle here, locating on section 4, Bernadotte Township. They remained there two yeais, and then the father bought sixty acres of patent laud, about one mile southeast of the first location. He lived on that, engaged in its improvement twelve years. In 1838 he removed with his family to a farm of one hundred and sixty acres on section 3. They resided on that about fifteen years, when the father died in 1862. The mother survived until 1870. They were highly esteemed people and as pioneers of this county their names will ever be held in reverence. John Cannon of this sketch, began life for him- self at the age of nineteen making his way to Jef- ferson County, Iowa, where he engaged with his cousin Thomas Camron. He remained with him about a year, and then came back to Fulton County, and took up his residence with his father, living with him until 1846. In that year he enlisted in the Mexican War, as a member of Companj' K, PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 603 Fourtli Illinois Infantry, commanded by Col. E. D. Baker. He served for twelve months in the army during that war, and in the battles iu which he took part showed himself to possess much cool- ness, courage and other fine soldiery qualities. He fought in the battles of Vera CUuz and Cerro Gordo and several other celebrated engagements. At the battle of Cerro Gordo, he narrowly escaped death, having his hat shot from his head, and a bullet knocked his gun from his hand, si)lintering it to pieces. Our subject picked u\) a jNIexican gun and with characteristic coolness and nerve commenced firing as though nothing had happened. As the Americans were driving the enemy over a hill. Gen. Twiggs, seeing a man at some distance on a horse, ordered some one to shoot him. Our subject seizing the opportunity, fired and killed the man. The General seeing the man fall, made the remark "that is as far as a cannon would kill a man." Some of the boys remarked "it was a Cannon," which witty pun raised a general laugh. At the close of the war 'Sir. Cannon came back to Fulton County, and lived with his father until his marriage, which occurred December 15, 1848, when he led to the altar Sarah J., daughter of Daniel and Nanc}' Sherwood. To them have come five children, three daugbtei's and two sons, namely : Mary Jane who was born April 25, 1849, married James Robinson, and died in October, 1871, leaving two sons whom our subject and his wife reared; the next child in order of birth is Telitha M., born March 22, 1852, married William Warfleld, of llanis Township, and they have nine children; Amanda M., the third daughter, born Novemher 27, 1853, married John Howe, of Cass Township; Ciiarles O., born Novemher 25, 1855, married Eliza- beth, daughter of John and Eliza White, and they liveiu Bernadotte Township ; John W., born March 14, 1857, died September 9, 1867, and now lies in the Totton cemetery. In the month of March, 1849, our subject fol- lowed the tide of emigration to California in search of gold. He went with an ox-team and was nearly a year on the w-ay. He stopped at Salt Lake City about two months, and from there went to Los Angeles, Cal , vvhere he spent two months, and then made his way to the city of Stockton. From there be went into the mining regions in the mountains, and the ensuing two j'ears was engaged there in various kinds of business and at one time had a large stock of goods for sale, such as would be needed in the country where he was located. He traded with the Indians principally. In 1851, he retraced his steps to Fulton County, and invested some of his money in one liundred and sixty acres of land vvhere he now lives on section 4, Bernadotte Township, and has ever since been actively engaged in the development and im|)rovomer.t of his estate. Mr. Cannon is a Democrat hut has not t.aken an active part iu politics of late years. He is an im- portant member of the local government having been Justice of the Peace for twent}^ j^ears and Constable for four 3-ears and has held many other offices. He is a member of the Methodist Episco- pal Church and takes an active part in the church work and Sunday-school. He is valued in his com- munity for his good citizenship and for those fine traits of character that mark him as an upright man, a considerate neighbor and one who is true and faithful in his domestic relations»as a kind hus- band and a wise father. #-^ -, 1840. He was care- fully trained in all that goes to make a good man and a successful citizen, and was given an educa- tion in the district schools, which he afterwanl ex- tended by reading and by travel. He remained an inmate of the parental home until he was twent}-- flve years old and during that time he made sev- eral trips to the South and West, as he was very desirous of seeing something of his native land, he being of an active, venturesome spirit. In 1859 Mr. Freeman went to Texas. He remained there about eight months and returned home in May, 1860. We next hear of him in Idaho, whither he went in 1864. In 1865 he left that State and came back to his old home and a year after his return he bought a farm in Bernadotte Township of one hun- dred acres. A year later he traded tliat [jlace for a farm of two hundred and forty acies in Knox County, Mo., and removed to that place in 1867. 610 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. In 1 872 he sold his property there and after com- ing hack to Fulton County actively engaged in the sawmill and lumber business the ensuing seven years. In the meantime lie bought two hundred and forty acres of timber laud on section 14, Bern- adotte Township, he desired to malve up the timl)er into lumber in his mill. He continues to own the farm last mentioned and has improved it great!}' by building neat fences, and in other ways, and has one of the best appearing farms in this locality. He eno-ages in general farming quite extensively and at present has sixty hogs, a fine herd of about forty liead of cattle, and seventeen horses, besides an interest in a thoroughbred Perclieron- Norman horse valued at |il,-200. Mr. Freeman has one of the coziest and most attractive homes in the vicinity and to the lady who presides over it so graciously and cordially co-op- erates witii him in extending its bountiful hospital- ity to their many friends, he was uniteil in marriage Maj' 11, 1879. Mrs. Freeman was formerly Miss Julia E. Harris, and is a daughter of Isaac and Mara and engaged in the grocery business. He lived there until his death, in his eighth-fourth year. His wife, formerly Jane Jarvis, a native of Ohio, died in Waterford several years before his decease. The father of Edward Ackerson bore the given name of Garret, was a native of Pennsylvania and a pioneer of Ohio. He settled near Cincinnati, buying timber land whicli he cleared and lived upon till about 1833, when lie came to this State. The removal was made with ox-teams and he w.as accompanied by his son Edward and family. The elder bought timber land on section 1, Lewistown Townshiji, and lived thereon until he had reached the age of one hundred and ten years, when he chised his e3'es in death. Abner and Elizabetii (Ackerson) Eveland became the parents of eight children, six of whom are now living, the oldest one living being the subject of this biographical notice. The others are Chester, George. Addie, Chandler and Libbie. The good mother still lives in W.aterford Township and is now quite aged. She is a member of the Holiness Church. 1?0SEPH MITCHELL. This gentleman is the son of a pioneer settler of Deerfield Township, and has spent the greater part of his life within its bounds. It can be justly said of him that he has grown up with the countrv, and his life in a great measure corresponds with the development that has gone on about him. Ho is now pleasantly located on section 24, with such surroundings that he can enjoy all the comforts of life in his declining years and mete out to those around him a good share of his blessings. He is justly proud of the conilition of the country, and of his own connection therewith, and all who are PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 615 acquainted with this section, are ready to bestow on him a shnre of the gratitude wiiich belongs to tliose who liave worthed long and faitlifuUy liere. The subject of this sketch was born in Indiana, July "23, 1825. and lost his mother in_ iiis early child- iiood. He has therefore lost llie record of her bii-tli. His father, Mattliew Mitcliell. was born in Pennsylvania, and made a selLleinent in this counly in 1837. He cliose a tract of land on section 25, Deerfiold Townsliii). wliich was the liome of our subject until after he liad reached manhood, and where tlie father died. He of whom we write ac- quired what education he could in the district schools, and assisted his father in his hibors, re- ratiining witii iiim until 1850. wlieu he S(it np a home of his own. Immediately after his marriage Mr. INIiteliell set- tled on a farm of eiglity acres on section 25, resid- ing tiiereon until 1688, when he removed one mile north lo tlie location he now oecnpies. where he owns one liundred and twenty acres. He has ac- cumulated his estate by dint of hard work and un- flagging zeal, and while so doing has reared a large family, who are devoting themselves to liim in a measure seldom witnessed, and cheer liis declining years with their love. The lad^' who has shared in the tii.ils and successes of our subject since 1850, was known in her maidenhood as Miss Jenette Pigsley. She is the daughter of Welcome and Thirza (Clark) Pigsley. In her own department she has manifested industry and efficiency, and her children owe much to her counsel and devoted care. Together she and her liusband have labored for their good and the result proves the wisdom of their management. The family of Mr. and Sirs. Jlilchell consists of eleven sons and daughters, of whom we note the following: Albert C, who married Luella Brooks, now lives in Fremont, Iowa; Nancy is the wife of William Ma}\ and their home is in Joshua Town- ship; Jenny is married and lives in Fremont, Iowa; Thirza M. is the wife of Frank Haskins. living in Thomas County, Kan. ; Cliarles F. married Fanny Hall, and their home is in Fri'mont, Iowa; AVash- ington married Nettie Bryte, and their liome is in Nebraska; Mathew resides on the old home place on section 25. where his sisters, Bessie M. and Lulu make a home for him; Addle II. lives with her sis- ter, Nancy, in Joshua Townshii); Lois Adelle is still with her parents. JMr. Mitchell is a Republican, always voting the straiglit ticket. He has been Palhmaster several terms, Constable five or six years, School Director twenty years, has also served as Road Commis- sioner. Me and his good wjfe are not only secure in the love of their children, but are reganled with a high degree of respect by their neighbors and ac- (piaiutances. '^^^^^^^^^e^^ /NDRKW J. SHEPLEY. This name will be at once recognized as that of a gentleman li engaged in the insurance and loan business *^''' in Canton, who. in connection with that work carries on a fine farm of two hundred and thirty acres, located a short distance west of tlie cit3'. Mr. Shepley is a thorough farmer, having been reared to that occupation and carried it on successfully for a number of years. His estate is well improved, vvcli stocked, and in all respects an attractive and vahuible piece of property. In the business in which Mr. .Sliepley is engaged in the city he is associated with Daniel Abbott, the firm having been formed in 1884, at which time our subject became a denizen of Canton. Our subject is a son of Oliver Shepley who was a native of Massachusetts, for many years a lead- ing physician in his community there, and was one of the pioneer doctors of this county. In 1839 he brought his family to the Prairie State, making liis home in Bloomington for a vear. and then locat- ing on a farm west of this city. In 1841 he was elected a member of the Legislature and served faithfully and etliciently for two terms. He was a believer in the old J.acksonian doctrines. He spent his last days on the farm dying in 1863. His widow survived until 1874, continuing to reside on the farm where they first settled on coming to this county. Dr. Shepley was the son of Wilder Shep- le}' and was of Scotch descent. The mother of our subject was Lydia, daughter of William Lawrence, Esq., was of English ances- 616 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. try and born at Hollis, N. H. She liveii in her na- tive State until she was eighteen ye;irs old, when she was married to Dr. Sheple\' and moved to Massaclnisetts. She bore her husband four chil- dren, three of wliom survived him and two are still living. The familj' comprised Washington. Andrew J., Lydia and Thomas J. Lydia is the wife of E. Paul!. In Middlesex County, M.ass.. July 19, 1833, the eyes of our subject first opened to the light of day. He was a mere lad when the famil}- removed to the Mississippi Valley, and he grew to manhood amid the comparitively primitive surroundings of this region. He attended school in the winter and worked on the farm in the summer during his ho}'- hood and j-outh. He continued to reside under the parental roof until he attained his majority when lie married and cstal'lished a home of his own. He became manager of the farm, conducting its affairs successfully until his removal to Canton and still overseeing the work which is done there. The capable wife of our subject was known in her maidenhood as Miss Jennie Van Arsdale. She is the second daughter born to Peter B. and Chris- tina Van Arsilale and is a native of Xew Jersey whence her parents removed hither in 1837. Her mother is now residing at Fairview. The family of Mr. and Mrs. Sheple}- includes three children — Alice, Adele and Andrew C. The f>lder daughter is the wife of Daniel Abbott, a prominent attorney of this place. In politics Mr. Shepley casts his vote and exerts his influence for the Democratic party. NOCH SHERMAN owns and operates a productive, improved farm consisting of one hundred and six acres on section 1.5, and also iiolds the title to one hundred and sixt3^ acres on section 22, Fairview Township. His home is one of comfort, set in the midst of the ordinary surroundings of a prosperous farmer. It is the homestead on wliich the parents of our subject )o- criied in 1847 upon first coming to this State, and where both died full of years and iionor. In Oneida County, N. Y.. Enoch 11. Sherman and Elvira Dykeman were' born early in this cen- tury. L'pon growing to maturity they were mariied in Oswego County, making their home there for several years. The husband was engaged in the trade of a carpenter. The reijorts of the resources of the Prairie State led Mr. and ]SIrs. Sherman to determine to change their place of abode. They embarked on the Erie Canal and upon reaching Buffalo, took a lake boat to Chii ago, wlience they continued their journey- to Farraington b}' wagon. Tliey became well know in this count}- where they lived foi man}' years. Mr. Sherman passed awav in 1879 at the age of seventy-four, but his wife sur- vived until 1886, attaining nearly to the age of four-score years. Tbe Sherman family came orig- inally from England and settled in Rhode Island. The parental family, which included ten chil- dren, has four living members. These are Sarah, wife of William Harden, a farmer in Fairview Township; Abbie, widow of L. B. Marsh whose home is in Champaign Count}-; the subject of this notice; and William, a farmer whose home is in London Mills. Enoch Sherman was born April 21. 1841, at Hastings, Oswego County. X. Y.. and had one term of school there. He well remembers the journe3to this count}-, an incident of which was his aiding in extricating a wagon and team which was stuck in the mud at Chicago. He obtained a common-school education, then took charge of the farm, working it until nineteen 3-ears old for his father, to whom he was a faithful son. He then rented the estate until he was twenty-two years old, when he married and established his own home. The wife of our subject was known in her maid- enhood .as Miss Sarah E. Palmerton. Her parents. Ichabod and Jane (Childers) Palmerton. were born in the Buckeye State. They gave their daughter the best opportunities possible and instructed her in the piinciples of conduct and domestic knowl- edge. Mr. and Mrs. Sherman have had six children —an infant who died uiinameii; Nora A., George E., Fidelia M.. Emory Ichabod and William Haz- ard. An honest, industrious man, a reliable citizen and a whole-souled companion, Mr. Sberni.an is re- spected as he deserves by his fellow citizens. He PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 619 has done efficient service to the traveling public as llioliwny Commissioner and has also faitlifully served as a School Director. lie belongs to Fair- view Lodge, No. 350. A. V. & A. M.. and votes the Democratic ticket. iJTi.i- -^ HAHLE.S B. CHURCHILL. This gentle- man, whose portrait appears on the opposite page, is one of the oldest settlers in Canton Township, where he owns a fine property. His farm consists of five hundred and fifty acres, upon which stands a complete line of substantial com- modious and well-arranged farm buildings. It is favorably located on section 32, and under efficient management produces abundantly of the various crops for which this county is noted. The owner of this fine estate was born in Boone- ville, Oneida County, N. Y., April 25, 1813, and spent his early years in his native village. After he had entered his teens, he spent about three years in Niagara County in the employ of his uncle, although he received no mone}- for his labors. He then returned to his former Lome and two years biter, in com[)an}- with a younger lirother, William, went to Hartford, Conn., to seek his fortune. For nearly two years he was employed on a farm in that vicinity. His next enterprise was to become a book agent in the .State of Georgia, which he began working in the fall of 1835, during the next two years traveling over the entire State. While there lie sent his father tlie requisite means to remove the family, which included several children, to Portage County, Ohio, where, on the conclusion of liis work in the South, our subject met them. Purchasing a pair of three-year-old colts j\lr. Churchill loaded the earthly possessions of the familv into a wagon and the party of eight started for Fulton County, 111. The trip consumed several weeks, and although unmarked by any eventful in- cident, is fruitful in recollections of pioneer scenes and experiences. The family located on rented land not far from Canton, tilling the tract several years before our subject was able to purchase. The first real estate he owned was one hundred and sixty acres for which he obtained the deed in 1842. He continued to take care of his parents as long as they lived and also ilid much toward the care and training of the younger members of the family. Mr. Churchill erected a good house upon iiis farm, to the extent of which he added as circum- stances would permit. Since 1850 he has practi- cally resided upon it, but prior to that time it whs left in the care of his parents for several years, during wdiieh time he traveled in the South. He was employed by Mr. Ford as a traveling salesman and with a team carried dry-goods throughout the country. In disposing of his stock he was as suc- cessful as he had been in whatever else he has un- dertaken, and after about five years spent on the road he felt at liberty to establish a home and set- tle down. On his return from the South he hither by the way of his former homes in Connec- ticut and New York. On November 26, 1850, in Lewistown, the rites of wedlock were celebrated between our subject and Miss Louisa E. Hurlburt. The lady was born in Booneville, N. Y.. Christmas day, 1820. Mr. Churchill had known her almost from the d.ay <•( her birth and thoroughly ap|)reciated her estimable qualities of mind and heart. The happy couple arc the parents of three daughters and one son. Sarah J. is now the wife of P'red Palmer, Abigail, of F'rank Marr an?7yJC/Ji CTL^U^ ieo^ PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 625 place of his birth, is still his home, and his beau- tiful farm on section 24, compares favorably in point of cultivation and improvement witli the best in this localit}-. The father of our subject was born in Ireland and his mother in Philadelphia, Pa. They were among the earliest settlers of this count}', and here he was born April 5, 1833. He remained with his parents until he was twenty years old, receiving his education in the district schools in Bernadotte Township. At the .ige men- tioned he started out in the world and made a I rip across the plains with an ox-team, going througli Salt Lake City, from ihere to Ameiicau Valley, whence he made his way to San Francisco, and so en to San Jose Valley. He returned to this part of the country by water, going bj' steamer to the Isthmus of Panama, and thence by another steamer to New Orleans, where he spent a few days and then proceeded up the Mississippi to St. Louis, Mo., and from thee to Liverpool, this State, and to Lewis- town, arriving at his old home in the month of April, 18.'54, without an accident. Shortly after his return, Mr. Wilson was wedded to Margaret, a daughter of T. J. and Susan Wal- ters, of Bernadotte Township, their marriage hav- ing been solemnized May 18. 1M54. They have resided in Bernadotte Township ever since, and nine children have been born to them, namely: Harriet, born March 19, 1855, married William Slock and died in the month of August, 1888, leaving one child, whom her parents are bringing up; Annie E., born April 11, 1856, married John Becker, and thej' reside on a part of our subject's farm and have six children, four girls and two boys; John W., born December 28, 1858, lives on a farm in Bernadotte Township, where he and his wife Savannah, daughter of Levi and Elizabeth Couse, are rearing a famil}- of tive children, four daughters and one son; Samuel L., who lives in Elgin, Union County, Ore., born December 29, 1860, married Mattie, daughter of M. C. Maxwell, and the}' have one bo}' ; Mary E., born November 27, 1861, died January 22, 1884 ; Emma J., born October 27, 1863, married Frank Howerter.a farmer, and they have three boys and one girl; George E., born August 5, 186G, died October 23, 1867; Ida R., born January 27, 1869, died April 7, 1887; Melvin, born Januar}' 10, 1874, lives at home with ids parents. Our subject is the owner of one hundred and sixty acres of fine farming land and carries on a good business as a general farmer. He is a sturdy Democrat in politics, and has borne an honorable part in the civic life of his county. He held the office of Trustee in the years 1887-88-89, and has been School Director for about twelve years. He has held the position of Road Commissioner and has been Pathmaster for six yeftrs. In him the Christian Church finds one of its most consistent and generous memliers, he belonging to the church of that denomination in Cuba and contributing liberally to its support. He is well known, and the incorruptible integrity of his character and his manj' fine qualities of head and heart have placed him high in the regard of his fellow-citizens. ■^ UNSON HOLLISTER is one of tlie most \\\ extensive and enterprising farmers in Fnl- * ton County, and one of the largest land- holders in all Harris Township, where his farming and stock-raising interests are centered. He is one of the most successful men of his class, and is a fine representative of those wiio began life without a cent and have worked their wa}' to wealth solely through their own efforts and are therefore rightly called self made. Our subject was born in Ohio, in Knox County, Januar}' 13, 1818. Isaac and Hannah (Kettle) Hollister, his parents, were of old Yankee stock. His mother was a daughter of William and Lucy (Thomas) Kettle. Isaac Hollister was a soldier in the War of 1812, and among the early settlers of Ohio, where he married in 1817. Our subject was reared to farming pursuits and was given a com- mon-school education. In early manhood he bought fifty acres of land in his native count}', and in '1840 was married and located on it. When he secured his land he did not have a cent to pay for it, but he went to work and cut ofif timber enough to fur- nish the required sum, $600. In order to make more money Mr. Hollister fol- 626 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. lowed tUresbing for a !)usiiiess (luiiiin' the season, woi'king at that from harvest time through the winter, ami being considered one of the greatest tlireshing men in tlie county at tliat time. Tlien sei)arators were unlinown, and he had to tliresh the grain and clean it up afterward. Being industrious, from time to time he was enabled to add to his original purchase until he had one hundred and fifty-five acres of land, which he sold when hceime here in 18C4. He brought with him to this State five teams of horses, a lot of colts and four hun- dred sheep, but finding that the sheej) would not do well with the other stock be finally disi)Osed of them. After Mr. HoUister came to Illinois he bougiit a piece of land near Talile Grove, comprising forty acres. He staid there during the winter, and in the spring of 1868 bought one hundred and sixty acres of land in ^McDonongh County, on which liis son now resides. This was new land and he broke it, and had it under good improvement when he sold it to his son and son-iu-law. After that he jiurcluised two hundred and twenty acres of land wliere he now lives. This was partly improved, and he added to its acreage by further purchase until at one time he owned twelve hundred acres of choice farming land. Tlie most of this be put under a good state of cultivation. Mr. Hollister has given some of bis land to his chililren, but he still lias eight liundred acres in this county, besides two iiuudrcd and eighty acres in Polk County. He has been very generous to bis children, and has given them a good start in life. He gave each child §1,000 toward buying a farm, and most of them are all settled and well-to-do in life, ex- cepting his son George, to whom Mr. Hollister is going to give a farm in the fall of 1890. Mr. Hollister has made a business of stock-raising, and has now some fort3' lie;ul of horses on bis place, and keeps a good Percheron horse for his own use. Our subject's career in life has marked him as a man of superior energy, foresight and thrift, wliose keen judgment in regard to business matters has placed him among the wealthy men of his county. He is a sound Democrat in his political views, Init has never sought office. l\eligiou--ly, be was for- merly a Methodist, but for many years has been connected witli tiie United Bretinen denomination, and is one of the leading members of the Mt. Pleas- ant Church. Mr. Hollister has been married three times. He first led to the altar Miss Mary Headington, a daughter of Nicholas and Ruth (Phillips) Head- ington. She became the mother of nine chiMren, some of whom survive, and she passed away in 1860. The following is the record of the children of that marriage: Eliza .1. married Leonard Carter, a farmer now of Polk County, Neb., and they have three children; Mary Ann married Ba'.sard Neber- gall, a farmer of Nebrask.a and they have nine chil- dren; Sanford Parker, residing on a farm of bis own in McUonough County, near Bnshnell, is mar- ried and has six children; Lucina married Charles Johnson, a farmer and teacher, owning a farm in Shernian County, Kan., and they have five girls and one boy; Ruth married Benton Howard, a son . of Charles HowariL of Marietta, and they have eight children; Melvin, now with his sisters and brother in Nebraska, occupying a farm of bis own, is married and has five children; Sarah married Edward Brice, who lives on bis father's jjlace near the parental home, and they have five children. The second marriage of our subject was with Miss Juliette Elliott, who died in 1878. She left two children, William and George; the former who is settled near his father, is married and has two children; George, who lives in Neljraska. is mar- ried and hns two children. The name of our sub- ject's jireseut wife at the time of his marriage with her was Lovisa ((ioff ) Langley, daughter of Jacob Goff and widow of Andrew Langley. One daugh- ter has been born of this marriage. Birdie May. a little girl at home with her parents. A litliographie portrait of Mr. Hollister appears on another page. ^ o - ooo sH l>ILLIAM S. LUMAN owns three hundred land on sections 6 .and 7, Fairview ip, forming an estate of which any man might well be proud to be the owner. Its ap- pearance, even to the most unobserving e}'e, is that of thorough cultivation, orderly methods and wise sfl l^ILLIAM \ / acres of 1 Ylf, Townshii PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 627 improvement. While no pretentions to elegance are made by the owner and his wife, their liome bears the stump of comfort. Intelligence and refinement. Mr. Luman is much interested in raising Shropshire- down sheep, has a great liking for all kinds of stock, and successfuU}' raises various animals in connec- tion with tilling the soil. Me was brought to this county by his parents when but four years old and is therefore numbered among those who have done much to bring it to its present high condition and are thoronghlj- familiar with its growth and devel- opment. Jesse and Mary (Shreeves) Luman. the parents of our subject, were natives of Franklin County, Ohio, and Bedford County, Pa., respectively. They were married in the Buckeye Stale and lived in Franklin County until the fall of 1838, when they emigrated hither. The father was a farmer who made a home for his family in Fairview Township. Here he breathed his last in 1856, at the age of forty eight years, while the guod mother survived until 1873, attaining to the age of seventy-one 3'ears. The parental family, of which our subject was the first- born, included also Hannah, Catherine, Elijah and Rachel A. Hannah married John Shockley, moved to Iowa in 1865 and djed in 1873, leaving the fol- lowing children — Thomas Edwin, Mary C, Albert (<)eceased), Manuel, Louisa, Milton, Elmer, Laura A. and Rachel (twins). Catherine married Andrew Bowdin, moved to Kansas in 1886 and died in 1889, leaving seven children — Elsie J., Rachel A., Mary, Elmer, Martha, Delos and Bertha. Elijah enlisted In Company D, One Hundred and Third Illinois Infantry, was wounded at Lookout Mountain and died in the hospital of a rebel prison; he had mar- ried Mary Gumble and had one child who died. Rachel A. is the wife of B. S. .Miller, proprietor of a meat market in London Mills, and has one child — William. The gentleman whose name introduces this biog- raphy was born in Franklin County. Ohio, January 1, 1834, and reared in the township where he now lives. He was privileged to attend the schools, such as they were, in tlie township, the first In which he studied being supported by subscriptions, but later ones by public moneys. Being the older son of his parents, and reared on a farm, he was early called upon to plow and bear a part in general farm work. He grubbed out^hazel brush, broke the'virgin soil and did his full share to place the acres owned by his father in a condition which would be pro- ductive of a good support and creditable among agriculturists. The marriage of Mr. Luman was celebrated April 1, 1858, his bride being Miss Mary A., daughter of Miles and Mary (Fisher) Cook. This lad}' was born in Todd Township, Huntingdon Count}-, Pa., and traces her descent from several families of honored names. She was a young lad}' of seventeen when she came to this State. It would be hard to find throughout all its broad expanse one possessed of more genuine worth, more highly spoken of by those who enjoy her hospitality, or better fitted for the duties of womanhood. She is the mother of seven children — Jesse F., Alice, Amos W., John, Elijah O., Ernest and Charles A. All are at home except the first-born, who married Catherine Olson and makes his home in Galesburg. He has two children — Vera and Jessie. Jesse F. is a school teacher. The father of Mrs. Luman was born in Hunting- don County, Pa., and married in his native State, whence he removed to Illinois in 1855. He settled in Fairview Township, this county, where at the time of his death he owned three farms. His demise took place in 1863 at the age of fifty eight years. His widow married a second time, becoming the wife of R. W. Combs, of Young Hickory Township, and dying there in 1873 at the age of sixty-three years. She had six children by her first union, Mrs. Luman being the third. The other members of the farail}' circle were John, who served his countr}- four years, married Martha A. Foster and died in 1873, leaving one child ; Hannah, widow of Robert Combs, who makes her home in Fairview; Amos, vvho served in the Civil War, rnarried Louisa Anderson, has three children and lives in Kansas; Elizabeth, wife of L. D. Rose, a farmer in Fairview Township, and the mother of five children; Jesse, a brickmaker at London Mills, whose wife was formerly Miss Alice Morris. 'I'lie Cook family, celebrated in the annals of early American' colonization, was of English origin and crossed the Atlantic with William Penn, settling 628 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. at Pliiladelpliia. From this famil}- have sprung many famous scholars, soldiers and statesmen, tlie ancestral record being traced through more llian two hundred years. The paternal grandmother of Mrs. Ijuman was an pjvans. The Fishers were of' German descent. The life of our subject lias been characterized by great energy and industry, and intelligent, well- directed efforts in the lino of his chosen lifework, and in every position to which lie has been called by his fellow-men. lie has served as Highway Com- missioner several years, has been Collector, and performed the duties of School Director twelve or fifteen years. In politics he favors the Democratic principles, but endeavors to vote for the men best fitted to fill places of public trust. He is a member of Fairview Lodge, No. 350, A. F. and A. M., and has set on both petit and grand juries. ^1= :^ HARLES H. FUHRMAN, of liie firm of Fuhrman & Wheelbergor, proprietors of the ^Jf' Merchant Exchange Mills, Canton, is one of the most prominent mill men in the county. He was born in Saxony, Germain', December 14, 1838, and was one of two children of August and Clies- tina (Meihler) Fuhrman. His father was a miller and carried on his trade in his native Germany, and still lives there. The mother died when our subject was fourteen years old. Charles H. passed his school days in the excel- lent schools of his native country, which he at- tended quite steadily from the age of six to four- teen years. He then began an apprenticeship of three years to learn the trade of a miller, and at the end of that time lie traveled as a journeyman miller three 3'ears, visiting many of the large cities and famous places of Prussia. In 1867 he decided to direct his footsteps to the United States of Amer- ica, where he shrev.dly thought he could sooner acquire the competency for wiiich he aimed. He embarked on a vessel bound for America, and finally landed at New York Cit^', whence he m.ade his way to Philadelphia, Pa., where he stopped one month. He proceeded from there to Massillon, Ohio, and to St. Louis and Kansas City. He came to Lewistown in the fall of 1868, and went to work for Berger & Co. as head miller. He held that position sixteen years, and then with the money that he had acquired, he bought the mill and re- fitted it up and managed it with excellent success. In 1885 he introduced the roller system, and con- tinued to run the mills in connection with T. H. Burgctt until 1889. In that year he sold out his interests in that concern to Mr. Burgett, and in March, 1890, purchased his present mills in Can- ton, which contained the complete roller system, having all the best modern machinery in use in such mills. The mills turn out flour of a superior quality, and their capacity is fifty barrels per twen- ty four hours. Mr. G. Wlieelberger, was admit- ted in partnershli) by our subject at the time he purchased the mills. ftlr. Fuhrman was married in the j'car 1869, to Mrs. Cornelia B. Harbison, whose maiden name was Rowley. She was born in Ohio, and has made our subject an excellent wife, and is devoted to his interests. Mr. Fuhrman was reared in the Lutheran faith, but is now an attendant of the Chrislian Church. He began the struggle of life without means other than a sound mind in a sound body, and with that capital has acquired a goodly amount of property. He has valuable possessions here, and also in Lewistown, where he owns resi- dences which he rents. For a number of 3'ears he voted with the Republicans, but now affiliates with the Democrats. He is a sincere Christian gentle- man, and is truthful and upright in all his dealings. <* l>/ILLIAM II. SHAW, proprietor of the \^// Churchill House, the leading hotel of Can- V^y^ ton, is one of the prominent citizens of the place. He is pre-eminent in its public and polit- ical life, and is very active in advancing all enter- prises for the good of the city. Mr. Shaw was born in Dublin, Ireland. His parents were Benjamin and :^-^vrf^ft»S* 'I '^JLyiy^C^ PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 631 Anna (Lester) Shaw, anil when he was an infant they left their native isle and crossed the waters to Canada. Tlie fatlior ilied in that country in 1884, the mother is still living. Our subject was prineiivilly reared and educated in London, Canada. After he liad completed his studies in the public schools, he took a commercial course, in the branch college that Bryant & Strat- ton established in London, Ontario. In 1873 Mr. Shaw came to Canton to take charge of the busi- ness' of Humphrey Bell & Co., who at that time were running a pork packing establishment here. He acted as their manager for a period of four years, and then took an interest with Samuel T. Burrel, who w.as then proprietor of the Churchill House. In 1880 Mr. Shaw became sole pro|)rietor of the hotel and since that time he has conducted a large and successful business. His genial and social manners make him very popular with his guests and with all with whom he cf)mes in contact, and his executive talent and tact admirably lit him for the position of manager of a first-class hotel. In June, 1877, Mr. Shaw married Miss Emma A., daughter of Samuel T. Burrell. Mrs. Shaw is a na- tive of New York, her parents coming to this place from Lennox, that State. Her marriage with our subject has been blessed with five children — Mag- gie, Tyler, William II., Charles L., and Benjamin. ]\Ir. Shaw is a man of luitiring energ}-, possessing a keen, well-bnlanced mind, and he is classed among the best of Canton's citizens. His generous and deep interest in all that concerns its public wial, has exerted a .Tiarked influence in advancing the vari- ous enterprises inaugurated to develop and ])ro- mote the prosperity of this municipality. Respon- sible and important oflices have lieen intrusted to his care, and he has discharged Iheir duties with characteristic fidelity, and so as to advance the pub- lic welfare. He has served as Alderman, repiesent- ing llie Third Ward one term, and he Ins also been Assistant Supervisor. In 1883, he way elected Chief of tlio Fire Department, which position he has held, except one term, to the present time. In 1881 he established a telephone exchange of which he was the manager eight years. In February, 1890, he was ;i|)pointed Postmaster at Canton. Mr. Shaw is a member of the K. of P. No. 51, and is also a member of Morning Star Lodge, No. 74, A. F. & A. M. He is a stanch Republican, and an active [loli- tician, and is often selected as delegate to county, Senatorial and District Conventions. ^^OAH DAVIS. This venerable gentleman, whose portrait is shown on the opposite page, was an early- pioneer of this county, coming here more than fifty years ago, and the tract of wild land on which he then located on section 7, Union Township, he has ever since maile his home, and is now enjoying its peaceful comfort in retirement from the hard labors of his early years, by which he developed here one of the fine farms for which this localit}' is noted. Norfolk County, Va., is the native place of our subject, and June 29, 1805, the date of his birtli. His parents were Benjamin and Sarah (Mathews) Davis. In 1809 his father removed with his fan\ily into the unbroken wilderness of Woodford Count3', Ky., and gave aid to its other pioneers in their work of developing it. About 1821 he again be- came a pioneer, taking up his abode in the tlu n new country comprised in Jefferson County, Iiid., and there his weary pilgrimage was brought to a elcse. Mr. Davis, to whom these lines chieflj' refer, was bred to the life of a farmer amid pioneer scenes, and received but a limited education. He was about four years old when his [larents left the old home in \'irginia and passed through the wild, primeval forests to seek a new dwelling in Ken- tucky, and he was sixteen years old win n tliev be- came early settlers f)f Indiana. In 1836, he tbo became a pioneer, having been well prepared for his future task by his struggle with the rude forces of nature in Indiana wilds. On Oetolier 15, of that year he took possession of the quarter of sec- tion 7, Union T(jwnsliip, that he had purchased from the Governn^ent, receiving his warrant at the land office at Quincy. Mr. Davis found this section of the country sparsely settled, and many were the privalions and hardships lie and his family had to uuluie befiire 632 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. he had subdued the soU. bringing it to its present high state of cultivation and jnaking the various improvements tiiat have so greatly' increased its value. He built a log house to shelter his wife and ciiildren, and entered upon the hard task before liim bravely and with a sturd}- determination to conquer all obstacles, and in the 3-ears that followed put his place in good order, and has a substantial, well-developed farm. Five years ago he rented his farm to his son, and letired to spend the declining years of a long and useful life in the enjoyment nf ihe competency that he had secured by his industry. As we have seen, JSIr. Davis has contributed his quota iu bringing about the present high standing of Union Township as an agricultural region of great productiveness, with many valuable, highly improved farms within its borders, and as an old settler his name will ever be honorabl}- mentioned in its history. His whole course has shown him to be shrewd, practical and capable as a farmer; kind- hearted and well-principled as a man, and loyal as a citizen. In politics he adheres to the Republican [larty, and it is a fact of which he may well be proud that he was a member of the Union League during the war. Mr." Davis has been twice married. His first wife, to whom he was united December 31, 1829, was Nanc3' Mings, a daughter of Aaron Mings, a farmer of Jefferson County, Ind. They had eight children, of whom the following seven are living: Aaron AV., born in Indiana, and now a resident of Fulton County; Martha A., of Woodson County, Kan., widow of Andrew Ransom; Harriet A., who married James T. Babbitt, of Union Township; Mary E., wife of Gilbert M. Tompkins, of Avon; Malinda J., wife of AVilliam Brainard, of Neosho (Jounty. Kan.; Sarah L., wife of Thatcher Nicker- son, who lives near Boston, Mass.; William D., who married Savina Simmons, and lives in AVarren County. For forty five years the wife of his early manhood and the mother of these children walked by liis side, but October 10, 1874, death crossed the threshold of their home and she was removed from her family. The marriage of our subject with his present es- timable wife, formerly Mrs. Elizabeth Hestou, widow of Oliver Heston, was consummated Febru- ary 8, 1876.' By her first marriage she had nine children, eight of whom are living and are named John AV., Samuel B., Charles A., Eliza J., George W., Harriet M., Alvina and Oliver AVeslej-, all of whom are married, except Oliver, who lives at homo. 1-*^ ^ m f/OHN SPRY. The natives of the Buckeye State have been influential in developing the vast interests of Fulton County, and of these the gentleman of whom we write de- serves considerable attention. He is the son of Benjamiu and Elizabeth (Eaton) Spry, and was born in Knox County, Ohio, September 17. 1823. He received only a common-school education, but from earl3' boyhood possessed much natural ability on important questions, and has thus been able to win for himself the esteem of his neighbors and a comfortable fortune. He commenced a business career soon after reaching his tweuty-flrst 3ear and turned his attention to farming. He worked for his father and also for others as a farm hand, and alwa3-s won approbation for the energy and steadfastness of application that he evinced. His success was not of rapid growth b3- anx' means, he being compelled to labor coustantlv and well but, like all moral and persevering men. he linaJl3- gained a good business standing and is at the pres- ent writing highh- respected in the community in which he resides. The parents of our subject were married in Pennsylvania, and continued to make that their home until 1822, at which date the3' removed to Knox County, Ohio, and later to Illinois, settling in Putman Township in 1851 and living here up to the time of their death. The father died in 1853 and the mother iu 1858. They were the parents of eleven children, seven of whom are living. Our subject came to Illinois with his parents and con- tinued to live with them until 1852, at which time he married Miss Susan Farr, daughter of Cooper and Ada (Lynne) Farr, and who was born in Ohio in 1832. Her parents were from Ohio and num- bered among the pioneers of this eount3-, settling PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 633 in Astoria Township. The father died in 1886 and the mother resides with her son in Astoria. Mr. S|)ry enlisted in the late war in LS62as n pri- vate in Company F, One Hundred and Tliird Illi- nois Infantry, a regiment rthieh was organized in Peoria and mustered into service at the same jjlace. They marched to I5olivar. Cairo and later to La- Grange. Mr. Spry took part in the battles of Vicksl)nrg, Mission Ridge, Dalton, Resaca and was with Sherman through his campaign at Atlanta. While he received no serious wounds and was not captured during the entire time, still he endured many hardships and privations. He vvas taken sick near Kenesaw Mountain, removed to a hospital near Marietta, Ga.. where he remained two months and was afterward forced to return home. He was un- der Gen. Logan, being discharged in July, 1865, after serving faithfuih' and fighting brave!}- for a period of three years. He has an excellent army record and even at this time suffers from the effects of hard service. Immediately after his marriage Mr, Spry settled on Totten Prairie, Cass Township, continuing to make his liome there two years, removing thence to Asto- ria Township and later to McDonough County, and after two years' residence there came to Putman Township, settling on the estate wliere lie now lives. To liim and his estimable wife have I)een born ten children, sis of whom are living: Jasper X., who married Annie Miller, lias three children and lives in Joshua Township; Singleton B.. who married Miss Samantha Mantonya, lives in Lee Township and has one cliild; Luther, who married Miss IMary Finny, resides in Putman Tow-nshiii; Rebecca, wife of Joseph L'lird, has one child and makes her home in Joshua Townshsip; Jesse O. and Ira. The cliildren received good eilucations in the common schools and are in comfortable cii-cumstances. The death of Mrs. Spry occurred July 3, KSSy. She vvas a most estimable woman and was highly esteemed by all vvho knew lu-r. Our subjrct is a member of the United Bri tluen Chureli and has taken an active interest in this and all religious matters for tl;e \>usi thirty 3ears. He is a Scliool Director and as such endeavors to ad- vance the inl.re'its of the community in which he resides. He is a pidjlic .spirited man, a member of the Republican party and keeps himself well posted on all political matters. He is the owner of a val- uable esl,ate comprising one hundred and twenty acres of good farming land which is well cultivated, and he merits praise, having planted every tree, bush and shrub and gaining his possessions by his own industiy and hard work. -5-f-i«^^=fHH- ^■AUNTLKROY JONES. Fulton County •^(g^ has among its citizens many men of more \, than average ability and intelligence, who are doing a great work for its advancement. Prom- inent among these is the gentleman whose name ap- l)ears at the head of this biograpliy. He is one of the most sagacious and enterprising farmers and stock-raisers in this part of Illinois, and is also a marked figure in its political and social life. He is at present serving as a member of the County Board of Supervisors, representing Harris Town- ship, his home and the center of his agricultural in- terests. :Mr. Jones was Ijorn October 1. 1822, in Cul- [leper Count}', Va., and was reared amid the beauti- ful scenes of the Shenandoah Valley. He is a son of William and Elizabeth (Crow) Jones, natives, respectively of Ireland and Germany. His grand- father was Thomas Jones, who was of Welsh birth and antecedents, and who came to this country :ind took part in the Revolution, as did other members of his familv. Our subj<'et can remember when they were visited by a maternal great-uncle who had been shot in the leg during the struggle of the C\iloiiists for inde|)endeiice. The maternal grand- father, William Crow, was a native of Madison County, Va. When our subject was eighteen years of age he left his native home, l)ecoining interested In the cattle business, and engaging as a drover betwei n Ohio and Pennsylvania before the days of rad- roails. For several years he continued that busi- ness. He was well educated, and alter leaving the common school kept up his studies, becomingquite proficient in mathematics, and engaged in teachin" fur several vears in his native State. 634 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUiM. On the 28tli of November, 1850, Mr.' Jones was married to Miss Dianna Ilaffner, a native of Virginia. Her parents were Jacob and Snsan Haff- nor, vvlio were natives of Pennsylvania, wlience the}' emigrated to Virginia, and from there to Illi- nois. The>- located in Fulton Count)-, and there tlie father died at a ripe old age. The mother is still living at the venerable age of ciglity-nine years. Mr. and Mrs. Jones have bad fifteen chil- dren, eleven sons and four daughters, two of whom died in infancy, and twelve are now living. Their record is as follows: Elizabeth .S. died in infancy; John L. died when twenty-six years of age; "William .T., owning and oc(^upying a farm in Perkins County, Neb., is married and has one child; Emily M. married Rob- ert Hiett, who owns and occuines a farm near Hol- yoke. Col., and they have six children; Thomas, now a resident of Lincoln Connty, Neb., is mar- ried, and the father of six children; James L. owns and operates a farm in Lincoln Connty. Neb.; Alexander, who is crippled from rheumatism, is in the coal business at Rushville; Rachel died at the age of six months; Edward L., one of the teachers of this county, is now a student at Lebanon, Ohio, and ranks very high in matliematics. He is ambi- tions for a first-class education, and hopes to graduate from some classical institution; Andrew J., a resident of Peoria and a former school teach- er, abandoned the latter profession to take up the trade of a machinist, for which he has a decided talent, has become an expert in his calling; George W. is a farmer in Farmers Township and is also fond of mlr-«s ^ TEPHEN BOGl'E, of the firm of J. & S. Bogue, who (-arry on an extensive mer- cantile business in Vermont, is the young est son of Job and Mary (Easley) Bogue. {For parental history see sketch of Robert Bogue). He is a native of tliis county, and was born on Ipava Prairie, January 3, 1834. He was one year old when he came to this township with his par- ents. He has a vivid recollection of the wild con- dition of the country during his boyhood, and he can remember well when deer and other wild game were plentiful. As soon as large enough, he en- gaged in the chase, became an expert huntsman and has killed many a deer in this township. His education was gleaned in the pioneer school taught in the rude log house on the subscription plan. When a mere boy, our subject was initiated into tlic hard lab-rs of faiin Hfe. He eonliinucd to live 644 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. on the old homestead with liis parents until 1857. when he :ind liis biolhcr .lesse. built a steam saw- mill in ^'e^nlonl Township, and operated it until 18()4. Tliey then sohl it and built a ttouring'-mill in the t(jwn. which they managed tojrether until 1867. In that year our subject sold out his inter- est in the concern, and soon after turned his attention to the lumber business. In ) 8S0 he es- tablished himself as a meichant in Plymouth, Han- cock County, 111. A year later he entered into partnership with his brother Jesse, to engage in the same business here, and has conducted it suc- cessfully ever since. He possesses the necessary shrewdness, forethought, and activity to be success- ful in life, and is classed among the good business men of the township. He and his brother have here a neat and well managed establishment, con- ducting tlieir business in a substantial and com- modious two story brick building, and they carry a large line of dry and fancy goods, carpets, boots and shoes, etc. They are always affable and court- eous in liieir dealings with their customers, and do a large and paying business. Mr. Bogue and Miss Rebecca, daughter of Brin- ton and Plia?be Ann Levis, and a native of Ches- ter County. Pa., entered into matrimonial relations in ]8r)6. They have in Vermont one of the pleas- antest of its many attractive homes. They are the parents of four children — Mari:un. Levis, Frank, and Lillian. In politics Mr. Bogue is a Repub- lican. MLLIAM W. ELLIS. The manufacturing industries of the tliriving- town of Canton y iV^y/ are finely represented by this gentleman, wlio. in company with his son, is extensively en- gaged in the manufacture of tile and brick. He is a native of this county, born in this township, De- cember 6, 1836, the fiftli of a family of eleven chil- dren of Isaac and Nancy (.Jennings) Ellis, who were among the earl}' pioneer settlers of this part of Illinois. Isaiic Ellis was born in South Carolina, in I8O.1. When he was three years old his parents took him to Tennessee, where be was nsared, and there he was married, his wife being a native of Alabama, where she was born in ISOfi, of English parents. We ni.ay remark in this connection, that tiie Ellises were of Welsh extr.iction. In 1832, Mr. Ellis left his old Tennessee home with his wife and two chil- dren, and journeyed through the wilderness to this county. Afti'rhis arrival lierehe took up his abode on a new farm wliich he improved and made his home the remainder of his life. He was one of the well known and substantial pioneers of the county, and was held in honorable repute by the entire community, and at his death on the old homestead In 1879. the township lost a good citizen, tie was a man of strict Christian priaciples, and, a member of the Hardshell Baptist Church. His wife sur- vives him, and is living with her youngest son on the old homestead and is hale and active, tliough in her eightieth year. She is the mother of seven girls and four l)oys, of whom ten are still living:. ^Villiam Ellis lived in the place of his birth un-. til he was twenty. one 3'ears old, receiving such ad- vantages as were afforded by the district school, where he laid the foundation of a fine education, which was afterward further advanced by attend- ance at the Cuba High School, by an excellent course of study at Evanston College, near Ciiicago, and was completed at the Fahuestock Academy at Lewistown. In the spring of 1861, Mr. Ellis was married to Miss Phffibe A. Gardner, a native of this county, and the fifth daughter of Joseph Gardner. Her mother was Margaret Raywalt. The Gardners were from the State of Rhode Island, anl the Ray waits from New York. INIr. and Mrs. Ellis have one son, Stephen R.. who is a partner in the liusiness with his father, under the firm name of W. W. Ellis & Son. They liave a very neat and comfortable resi- dence at No. 306 North Fifth Street, that is the abode of a genuine hospitality. After his marriage JMr. ICllis settled on a farm in J(_)shua 'I'ownship, and gave his attention to agri- cultural pursuits the ensuing seventeen years, when he left his farm and took up his residence in the city of Canton, wliere he has siuce made his home. He established himself iu the manufacture of tile in 187;"). and in 1882 he remf)ved his works to this place, putting in new and improved machinery. He PORTRAIT AND BIOORAPHICAL ALBUM. 64;') has his manufactory in the northeastern part of Canton, within the corporate limits where he nialies all sizes of tile, for wliieli he finds a ready homt market. In 1 887 he added to iiis tile worI« ma- chinery for liie mannfacUire of brick, employs the latest improved methods, and makes brick that is of a superior quality, and is in i^reai. demand. He is now fitting np liis works for the manufacture of paving brick for sidewalks. He is one of tlie sub- stantial men of Canton, and besides his manufac- turing interests has a good farm of one hundred and twenty acres of choice and well-improved land wdiieli he rents. He takes a deep interest in the welfare of the village, and has served one term as Alderman. In politics lie uses his influence for the Republican party. Socially, he is a member of the Masonic Lodge, having attained the council de- gree. EONARD H. CHURCHILL ha; met with more than ordinary success in prosecuting his calling as a farmer, and since casting in his lot with the pioneers of this county more than half a ccnlurj' ago has accumulated a valuable property and is classed among the wealthy agri- culturists of this section of Illinois. He owns more than five hundred acres of land in this county, his fanning interests being centered in Joshua Township, where he and his good wife are enjoy- inf the fruits of their united labors in the comforts of a substantial home. A native of New York, Mr. Churchill was born April 28, 1820. near Boonesville, Oneida County. His parents were Charles Y. and Elizabeth Church- ill. The father was born in the State of Con- necticut October 11, 1794, and the mother was also born there in 1801. Botli could trace their ancestry on both tlie paternal and maternal sides back to old English families. Our subject started out in life by working on a farm at 814 a month, and was thus employed some fourteen months. He was enabled to save the greater part of his money, as lie was prudent and frugal, and he became more independent by rent- ing land. After farming in that way some seven j'ears he bought one hundred and sixt}' acres of land on section 2, .loshua Township. The first pavment made on his land v,as the $100 that was the proceeds of his work as a day labori r at $14 per month. He had come to this State from Ohio, where he had lived in Ashtabula County, one year after leaving his native Stale. He located in Hickory Township in March, 1836, and it was tiiere that he was engaged as a renter up to the time of his marriage. He bought his farm in Joshua Township in 1846, but did not then locate on it. He was a man of considerable enterprise in his younger days, and he purchased and operated a threshing machine for twenty-five years, and the profits derived from that business enabled him to complete the [la^-ment for his land in a short time. To the farm on which he now resides Mr. Church- ill has added other real estate, and is now ilie proprietor of five hundred acres of choice farmino- land in this county. He is considered one of the rich and substantial citizens of the township, and although on the shady side of life still possesses great native force, and is ably managing his ao-ri- cultural interests. Mr. Churchill and Miss Harriet McBroora were united in matrimony December 4, 1849. She was born in this county, in Canton Township, April 19, 1831. She has faithfully shared in the labors of her husband, has aided in the upbuilding of their home, and like him, preserves a healthy body and cheerful disposition though now past the meridian of life. They are the parents of fourteen children, ten of whom are living and four deceased, of whom the following is the record: Mary E., born May 19, 18.53; Charles IL, August 19, 1855; Alexander H., October 20, 1857; John B., May 8. 1860; Rob- ert J., August 18,1862 ; Leonora F., March 25, 1869; Daniel \Y., January 12, 1870; Jerry L.. September 24, 1872; Dollie Belle, April 11, 1875; Grace Blanche, February 2, 1879. Mr. and Mrs. Churchill are deservedly held in high estimation b3' the entire community, as they are among our best people. Their warm hearts, kind manners and many thoughtful, generous deeds liave gained them tlu' fiinidship and affection of their neighbors, who feel that they can look to them for heli) in times of trouble and suffering. G4G PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. They linve been devoted members of the Chn'stisn Cliiiich for iimuy yeais, and their ever3-day con- duct is giiidiid by its precepts. In polities. Mr. Churcliill is a Democrat of tlie Andrew Jackson type, and stiirdil}' advocates tiie priiieipies of his party. ALVIN R. FLUKK is one of tlie respected farmers of Josliua Tovvnsliip. He was a _ brave soUlier in the late war and did credit to the military of his adoijted .State. He is a na- tive of Lickinj; County. Oliio, and was born near tlie town of Newarlv, December 25, 1843. His parents, Jessa and Abigail Fiui>f five ninety cent pieces, two yoke of oxen and two wagons. Here they broke the virgin soil, and con- tinued to otherwise improve it until 1847. when they removed south of that location. The father died in 1875 at the old homestead, and the mother survived until Christmas Day, 1889. They were the parents of seven children, all of whom are now living, the subject of this sketch being the second in order of birth. He was less than two years old when his parents brought him to Illinois, and here he has since remained. His education was a good common-school one, and he was early trained to agricultural pursuits. He lived under the parental roof until he attained his twenty-second year, when he began a business career for himself. The marriage of our sul)ject was celebrated June 21, 1857, when Miss Martha James Stewart, daughter of Cornelius Stewart, of Lewistown Township, this county, became his bride. After their marriage they settled on the old homestead, which was their home for three years, thence they removed to Harris Township, wlierethej' sojourned five years, and then removed to their i)rescnt estate. On September 10, 1882, the wife died, leav- ing a family of nine children, of whom the follow- ing are living: Cornelius R., who married Jeannette Headley, lives in Colorado Springs; E. P., who married Miss Flora Ra}', at the present time resides in Marietta; James W., William O., Henry F., and Albertus, all of whom are unmarried and reside at home. They are successful in busi- ness and popular in the communities where they live. The 'Squire was again married December 14, 1884, when Miss Sarah, daughter of Perry and Margaret (Clayberg) Wertman, became his bride. Mrs. Orwig was born July 14, 1843, in Ashland County, Ohio, and at an early age accompanied her parents to Fulton County, where she gained a thorough education in the common schools of the district. Only two children were born of their 662 PORTRAIT AND BIUCRAPIIICAL ALBUM. union, a boy and a girl, who died in early infancy. Mrs. Orwig is a consistent member of tlie Presby- terian Clinrcl). and the 'Squire has belonged to the United Brethren Church for thirty years. The}' are botii greatly interested in religious affairs, espe- cially .Sunda3--sclio<)l work, and he has been .Super- intendent for some time. The Democratic [Jarty finds in 'Squire Orwig an active supporter. He is influential in business cir- cles, and has served as Road Commissioner, School Director, and -Justice of the Peace. He owns a val- nable estate uijon which lie has built a handsome house and other needed structures, and in various wnys he has improved his farm. He is also inter- ested in fine horses, and owns an English-bred horse, which was imported in 1883, and is valued at $1,500. He also has in his possession a very fine Norman liorse. To such as lie. is Cass Town- ship indebted for the enviable reputation it sus- tains throughout the county as a fine business cen- ter and a splendid agricultural region. ^^^EORGE W. RAY. In connection with this (|( (^ personal sketch the reader will notice a ^^1 view of the homestead of Mr. Ray, with its various apiuirtenances. The owner and operator of this fine property comes of substantial ancestry and was born in Ashe County, N. C, near Jeflferson, July 24, 1843. His father, William Ra}-, and grandfather, James Ra^-. were also natives of that county and Stiitc, while the great-grandf.ather, Jesse Rpy, was horn in Ireland. The latter, in company with three of his brothers, came to America and settled in North Carolina, being at one time a very extensive farmer in that region. He attained his eightieth year and reared a large family of children, namely: William, John, James, Jeremiah, Hiram, Betsy, (Mrs. Calloway), and Polly, (Mrs. Parsons). Grandfallicr James Ray married Jane Harden, and they reared a family of seven children, viz: Jesse, William, Hiram, Henry, Emeline, Cieorge W. and Hilton. William Ray was a natural mechanic, and oper- ated a farm of one hundred and sixty .acres, build- ing the residence and barns himself. He was a man of more than ordinary intelligence and independent in politics. His death occurred in 1884, after he had attained his seventy-third year; his motlier previous to her marriage was Miss Anna Faw and was also a native of Ashe Count}', N. C. She was a meml)er of the Baptist Church and noted for her goodness, dying when about fifty-Qve years of age. The parental famil\' included eight children, viz: J. Jordon; Henry H.; Elizabeth, Mrs. Scott;George W., John A , Lee R., Mary E. (Mrs. Edwards) and Thomas F. Oursubjecl was reared on a farm, attending the schools in liis district through the winter months and working on the farm in the summer. When eighteen 3'ears of age he enlisted in the Civil War. in Company B., Sixth North Carolina Cavalry, and did duty mosti}' in skirmish and picket line. He was mustered out Februar}' 28, 1865, after an honorable career as a soldier. When peace was once more restored he came to Fulton County, and settled in Liverpool Township. On August 16, 1866, lie purchased eighty acres of land on section 9, where he now r< sides. The land at that time was covered with an im- mense growth of timber and was in a primitive condition. He built a house in the woods and at the present time has his estate highly improved, erecting his handsome residence in 1873. His barns are large and substantial. Besides farming he is also interested in stock-raising. He has found a worthy helpmate in all his enterprises in his wife, to whom he was united in marriage June 24, 1866. She bore the name of Mrs. Anna A. ( Willcoekson ) Vail. They have no children, but adopted, at the age of ten weeks, a daughter, Mary A., who was born in Lewistown, November 4, 1868. .She is highl}' accomplished and well educated, having been given every advantage that the schools of the vicinity afforded. Mr. and Mrs. Ray are members of the Baptist Church and politically, he is a Dem- ocrat. She has one son by her first marriage, viz., Joseph C. Vail, who is prominent and highlj^ re- spected. Mrs. Ray was born in Estill County, Ky., and be- longs to an old and highly honored family. Her ^^ ^^^^^S$i%^^MBMm^S9iM i^MSii^SS^^3S^sm^^^ ^asd^&i&i ' '.'Sr-Jh;-j^^r*ti^M--'~'r^-n .^^aatsfega^gA^^aaai-ix tv/^siXi Residence of G. W.Ray, 3ec 9. Liver poolTp Fulton Co. III. j!^5C??*^aw ^"^^S^Js^^Ofes - V'-. :gs;;;i!aiga£i.Ki.;i^?i>^'»aa«:' Residence OF James Burnnett, 5ec. 18. FairviewTp. Fulton Co.Ill. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 665 great-grandfather, John Willcockson was born in Wales anil upon coniiui,' to America, settled in Nortli Carolina, where lie was occupied as a farmer and mechanic. He is reputed to have been the possessor of marked genius, and was endowed witii strong faculties and a generous heart. He married Rachel Boone, a sister of Daniel Boone, the famous Kentuck}' i)ioneer. .She was a woman of remark- able mind and possessed a keen sense of justice and an api)recialion of all that was good, being, in fact, a remarkable woman. .Slie was the motlierof a large famil}'. and when old age, creeping on apace, de- prived her of lier natural activity, she made her home witli her grandson, Jesse Wil'cockson and there died at the age of syventy years. Samuel Willcockson, the grandfather of Mrs. Ray, was a native of North Carolina, whence at an early date he removed to Kentucky-, settling at Boonesborough and becoming one of the pioneers of that section of tlie .State. He was a broad- minded, generous-hearted man and died in 1825, after reaching his sixtieth year. Ilis wife, who bore the maiden name of Anna Jordon, came to Fulton County in 1830 witli lier son. Elijali Willcockson, and there died wlien eighty-four j'ears of age. Of their union ten ciiildren were born, namely: Squire, Samuel, Elijah, Isaiah, Alfred, Jesse, Sarah, Francis, JSIar}- and Debbie. Elijah Willcockson, the father of Mrs. Ray, was born in Rowan County, N. C. July 24, 1789, and in 1815 moved to Estill County, K}-., where the land was mountainous and wilil game abundant. He moved to Fulton County in October, 1830, and after reaching here the family spent the winter following their arrival in a small log cabin on the banks of Little .Sister Creek, a place tlien ovi'ned'by John Ferris. Tlie following spring Mr. Willcock- son purchased a quarter-section of Government land on section 5. Liverpool Township. He was a hard-working man, a good manager and soon cleared his land. He was prosperous and after giving each of his boys a quarter section of land, still had sev- eral hundred acres left. Mr. Willcockson was a volunteer in tiie War of 1812, and served two years in the Black Hawk War, first as Lieutenant and then as Captain. He was a man of wonderful ability and strict integrity and was held in the higiiest esteem bj- all through- out this section of the county. He was one of the most faithful members of the Regular Baptist Church and cast iiis vote with the Democratic party, for a number of j-ears serving as .Tustice of tlie Peace and having cliarge of many of the chief offices in this township. His death occurred July 3, 1860, and at his funeral liis descendants were represented by twelve grown children and liis pos- terity numbered one hundred and fourteen. The mother of ]Mrs. Ra}' was prior to her mar- riage, Charlotte Calloway, and was born in Ashe County, N. C, April 2, 1792. She was a consistent member of the Baptist Church for sixty years of her life. Of her union wei-e born fourteen children, twelve of whoir. have families of their own. The survivors are: Mary E., i\Irs. Cope; Anna A., Mrs. Ray; Marshall N., James C, and Jeremiah F. The deceased are Zerilda, Jesse B., Nancy M., Elijah C, Andrew J., Isaiah M., Elizabeth C, Charlotte and America. The mother dicl June 18, 1874, at which time she had descendants to the fifth genera- tion living and her posteritj' numbered two hun- dred and four. The maternal grandfather of JMrs. Ray, Col Elijah Calloway, was a distinguished citi- zen and for many years a prominent and honored member of the Legislature of North Carolina. AMES BURNETT. One of the valuable farms of Fairview Township is located on section 18, and comprises one hundred acres 1(^1/'' owned and operated by the subject of this sketch and represented bj- a view on another page of this volume. The residence is a handsome and commodious one, and is located on what was the old Burnett homestead. Other buildings necessary for storage of farming implements and grain are to be found conveniently located and the thrifty air betokens the careful supervision of the husband- man. In 1836 the parents of our subject, William and Sarah (Poland) Burnett, removed from their home in Virginia to lllimns, locating in Fulton County and buying a claim whose only im()rovcment was 666 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHJCAL ALBUM. a los cabin. The fatlier at once entered upon tlie liard task of developing a comfortable home in the raw land and in bis efforts was prospered, becom- ing well-to-do and gaining the esteem of his fellow- citizens. Trior to lii.s parents' removal to Illinois, our subject was born Februar}' 4, 1835, 'n Virginia and was accordingly about one year old when his parents brought him to the Prairie .State. For further parental history sec sketch of George Burnett, a brother of our subject and represented on another page. When read}' to establish home ties of ills own. James Burnett was united in mar- riage at the age of tweiit\--l!iree 3'ears, with Miss Eliza McFarland. Of their union five children were born, three of whom died in infancy. Mary Vanora married .Scott Montwaller and died in 1881 leaving one child named Iceal; William Alexander married Miss Mattie MeCoj- and they have two children, iSusan Iceal and James F.. Their home is on a farm in Fulton County, 111. Mrs. Burnett died in 1862 at the age of forty-nine years. On the 20th of October, 1864. our subject was affain married, his bride being Miss Phcube Eaton, whose parents were natives of Pennsylvania and are now residents of Missouri. Of this union two children have been born — Earl Commodore an;l Dell Roy. In 1859 our subject went to Pike's Peak with William Beer and Dr. McFarland. They made the trip in wagons, starting in March and reaching their destination the latter part of July. After prospecting about for some time without any suc- cess, they returned a.s far as Southern Kansas and there Mr. Burnett took up a claim, but after break- ing the land, be left and traveled through tlie In- dian Territory and Texas. For six months he never slept in a house, and yet, strange to say, when he returned to Illinois he was well and strong, altliough .when starting on the trip he was exceedingly ill. In 1865 Mr. Burnett removed to Sagetown, Hen- derson County, this State and engaged in the ho- tel business for about ten years, at the end of that time returning to the farm and devoting his time anil attention to the improvement of his property. He has labored with such success that be has ac- cumulated a comfortable competency and is inde- pendent. Politically he is a member of the Demo- cratic party and a firm believer in the principles of that organization. His success has not been at- tained w-ithout ditliculties but his life verifies the old belief that everything is possible to the man possessing energy and good judgment. ■^^^ ELANEY E. HUGHES, minister of the Christian Cluirch at Cuba, was born in Ful- ton County, III., September 11, 1852, and is thus in the prime of a stalwart manhood. He has devoted his life to the salvation of others, and in his chosen field has been greatly prospered. In all things he proves that his desire is not -to be seen cf men" or win their ap[)robation, but to earn the consciousness of discharging the ordinary duties of life in an upright manner. Kot only is he highly e!,,teemed by those of his own church, but his name is the synon\m for integrit3- and probity where it is known. Near Wheeling, Va., Robert Hughes, the father of our subject, was born in 1783, and there lived until he had attained years of maturity. He fol- lowed the occupation of a farmer and was married three times, his third wife bearing the name of Hannah Reeves (Sehooley) Durham. She was born in Wayne County, Ohio, August 11, 1817, and bore her husband one child, a son, Delaney. In 1832 Robert Hughes emigrated to Illinois and set- tled in Fulton County, where he devoted his at- tention to agricultural pursuits in Farmers' Town- ship. He accumulated a vast proi)ert3', which, at his death, was divided among his heirs. In his religious belief the father of our subject was first a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and later of the Christian Chuich. He was always deeply interested in religious matters, and was an exhortcr and faithful worker in the church. Every resident of the township and county held him in high regard, and because of this affection which he alwaj's inspired in the hearts of acquaint- ances, he was called '•Uncle Bob" by friends and neighbors. By his first marriage he had four chil- dren, of whom two are living — James who resides in Lathrop, Mo., and Cintilda (]Mrs. Carithors), who lives in F\armers' Township. Of his second PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 667 marriage were born two chililren — Susan. Mrs. Fleming, of McLean County-. 111., and Ann, Mrs. Van Meter, of Bloomington. Delaney Hughes was only ten years of age at the time of his father's death, and received bis first edu- cational training in Farmers' Township. AVhen twelve years of age he entered Abingdon College, Knox County, III., and there completed a classical course. After leaving college lie engaged in the jewelrj' business, but continued his studies, de- voting considerable attention to music, in which he made marked progress. He composed both secu- lar and sacred music, his selections being pub- lished in Chicago and Cincinnati. His music is generally admired, and he has won fame as a com- po.ser. One of his best compositions is "Out in the Storm," a duet published by J. C. Groene & Co., Cincinnati. He also composes band music and ar- ranges beautiful selections. In 1885 Mr. Hughes entered the ministry of the Christian Church, and at the time he was called to take charge of the church at Cuba, was working as a jeweler. However, he gave up his secular pursuits and immediately entered upon the duties of a faithful and conscientious minister; in less than six months he had added seventy-three new members to the church, and shortly afterward held a revival at EUisville, and there converted eighty- three persons. During the time he has had charge of this church he has added two hundred members to the fold, and greatly increased the size of the Sundaj'-school, besides holding revivals elsewhere. In his home life as well as in his ministerial la- bors Mr. Hnghes has been greatly aided by his estimable wife, to whom he was united in marriage December 31, 1871. Prior to her marriage she was Miss Arminda C. Powell, and her i)arents, Jo- seph C. and Caroline (Banghman) Powell, were natives of Ohio and Illinois respectively. At dif- ferent periods of his life Mr. Powell was a farmer, merchant and banker, and is now living retired at Table Grove, this count}', at the age of sixty-four years. His wife died in 1888. She was a consist- ent member of the Christian Church, to which Mr. Powell also belongs. Immediately following their marriage our subject and his wife located in Table Grove, but eight years afterward removed to Clay County, Neb. From there they removed to Iowa, whence after a short sojourn they settled in Illinois, and have continued to reside at their pleasant homo. To them have been born seven children, viz: Aria J., born September 1, 1872; Iva, born March 21, 1875 (deceased); .Jessie, born .June 6, 1876 (deceased); Vere, born August 13, 1878; Dora, August 25, 1881; Royal D., September 13, I884i and Eva M., October 4, 1887. The children are r?ceiving good educations in the schools of Cuba, and are being prepared for responsible positions in the world. Aria J. Irnving been graduated from the High School in 1890 and now engaged in the Watch Factory at Springfield, III. Mr. Hughes is a popular man, an energetic citi- zen and a self-sacrificing minister. He is a strong believer in prohibition, and supports the Prohibi- tion party by his influence and vote. His well- balanced and well-stored mind and maul}' character have won for him popularity among his parish- ioners, while his natural abilitj', acquired intelli- gence and oratorical ]iowers render his discourses winning and effective. 4"¥ i._y>3^,,; m u PORTRAIT AND RIOORAPHICAL ALBUM. 071 erpool, this county, in wliicli place he sojourned tliree years. At tbe expiration of tlial time lie re- moved to Canton and for three years served as a .clerk in the general mercantile establisiiment of David Williams. We next find him established in the business which he is still successfully conduct- in if. Tlie wife of our subject was known in iier girl- hood as Miss Anna Doddridge. She was born in Wellsburg, Va., July 30, 1820, her father, Philip Doddridge, being of English descent and her mother of Pennsylvania ancestr\'. She was united to our subject in 1841 and has continuallj' proved her worth as a capable housewife, a sympathizing companion and a devoted mother. Mr. and Mrs. Meek have four living children, the youngest, Laura, being still at home. Julia is the wife of Milo Farwell, now residing in Kansas; Anna mar- ried Frank R.indolph, of this county; Nellie is the wife of Frank Farwell, their home being in Kansas. Mr. Meek is a believer in and a su|)portcr of the principles advocated by the Republican party. A law-abiding citizen, possessed of good social quali- ties and excellent character, he is held in good re- pute by neighbors and friends. WILLIAM EDWARD KESSLER. Among the biographical sketches and portraits „ ^ presented to tbe readers of this volume, is that of Mr. Kessler, a retired farmer residing at No. 5 16 North Main Street, Canton. He is enter- prising and well-to-do and from his valuable pro|:ierty derives a handsome income. He is re- garded with great respect by all who know him, as a man of solid worth and unswerving iutegiity. Of sincere religious character, he was formerly connected with the Lutheran Church, but is now an esteemed member of the Baptist Church of Can- ton. Politically he was at one time a Democrat, but now he and his family~are firm Prohibitionists. In the vicinity of Jefferson, Washington County, Md., Mr. Kessler w.is born December 2. 1827. and is of German deBceut. The father, Samuel Kessler, who was Ijorii in the same place and was a son of Andrew Kessler.'married'Miss Mary Ann, dnus>hter of John Stonebreaker, and of^German antecoilents. She was also a native of Maryland, where she was reared and married, and where both she and^hur husband died. The latter passed from the scenes of an active [lifej when^ his son, [our] subject, was only fouryears old, and at the age of nineteen, his life was still farther saddened by the death of his mother. Thej' were honorable, upright citizens and were universally esteemed for their man}- sterling traits of character. The parental family comprised five children, of whom our subject and a brother, Henry N., a resi- dent of Perr}', Iowa, are the only survivors. John and Samuel died after attaining their majority; Mary M. died at the age of eleven years. At the time of the mother's death, William was engaged in learning the trade of a carpenter. He had re- ceived a good common-school education at Clear Springs, Md., but was compelled to leave school at the age of fifteen years and start out in life for himself. Being a conscientious workman, he ac- quired a thorough knowledge of his trade, and in his early manhood went to Dayton, Ohio, where he found employment as a carpenter. Later he re- moved to;Polo, Ogle County, Hi. For fifteen years after Mr. Kessler's arrival in Fulton County, which important event occurred in 1857, he carried on his business as a carpenter and builder. At the expiration of that time he located on a farm which he h.ad purchased in Canton Township. Here he continued to reside for the ensuing eight- een 3'ears, imiiroving the place and bringing the land to a high stale of cultivation. He became well-known throughout the township as a man of sterling enterprise and worthy character, and was one of the prominent farmers of the community. Finall}'. feeling that the years of his more active labor were ended, he resolved to move into the city of Canton. Accordingly, after renting his farm, Mr. Kessler moved into his present substantial, well-furnislied residence in Canton. By wise ecoiiomy and excel- lent management he has acquired wealth, and among other valuable possessions owns several good houses in Canton, whose rental biings him in a goodly 672 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. sum of money, and he is still the owner of the f:\nn. He was greatly aided by his faithful wife and devoted helpmate, to wliom he was united in nianiage in 1851. Tlie bride was Miss Ann. daughter of a Mr. McLane, a native of Maryland, in which State she was also horn, She possessed a noble character, and was a loving wife and wise mother. Ten children, were born to our subject and his estimable wife, eight of whom are now living, as follows: Mar^' L., wife of Thomas Gentle; Will- iam deceased ; John L., a farmer in Farmington Township; Anna, who became the wife of Mitch- ell Harper and lives on the old homestead ; Eva, at home; Mida, wife of William Myers, of this town- ship; Carrie, who is at present a student in the University at Normal, 111; and Blanche at home. The two children who died in infancy were named Edward Nelson and Grace. In 1884 death crossed the Ihresliold of this happy home and re- moved the wife and mother. She was a devoted member of the Lutheran Church and was a woman of man}' Christian virtues. GEORGE WOODRUFF is the gentlemanly ill (=1 and efficient Postmaster of Farmington, is ^^41 pre-eminent in the business, social, religious and political life of this part of Illinois, and no one has done more towards building up its varied in- terests than he. Besides attending to his official duties he conducts an extensive grocery and meat business, and his name is connected with various enterprises tliat have been inaugurated in this sec- tion. Our subject is derived from a sterling ancestry. The Woodruffs have been men of standing and business ability for generations. They originally came from England and settled in the Green Moun- tain .State before the Revolution, when it was a i)art of Massachusetts. The Burbridges, his mother's famil}', wore also of English extraction and they settled in Virginia in Colonial times. The paternal giandfather of our subject was in the War of 1812, and also served in two or three Indian wars as cap- tain and at one time was captured by the Indians; and grandfather Burbridge was also in the War of 1812. Ilosea Woodruff, the father of our subject, w.as well-known to the citizens of Fulton County, and especially in Farmington, where in earlj' j^ears he was engaged in the dry-goods and grocery business. He was born in Vermont among the Green Moun- tains of that State, and when he w!is six years old, his parents, Anthony and Martha AVoodruff, re- moved to New York where he grew up. They later became pioneers of Ohio where he learned the trade of a carpenter. In 1842 he came to Illinois with his first wife, and the six children born of their un- ion. He settled at Farmington and was engaged as a general merchant here for a few year.s, and after he h.ad become a well-to-do man he interested him- self in the coal mining and wood business in Peoria County. He operated a colliery, situated at Reed's Landing, which was one of the first coal mines opened in this 3tate. His attempts at mining ended disastrously on account of the high water in the Illinois River in the spring of 1850, whereby he sustained a very heavy loss which almost drove him to insolvency' and he never fully recovered his former financial standing. He died in Farmington in 1868, at the age of fifty-nine years. His wife died at the age of fifty-seven j^ears at Canton, and is buried at Farmington. By the last union the father had two children — George and Luther. The latter was killed when sixteen years old by the ac- cidental discharge of a gun. Of the six children of the first union two are now living — Dr. J. Wood- ruff of Roseburg, Ore. and Mrs. Jennie Barton of Joseph, Ore. The maiden name of the mother of our subject was Mar}' J. Burbridge, and she was a daughter of Thomas and Elizabeth (Catlin) Bur- bridge, both born in Virginia. They lived in Ohio awhile before they came to Illinois. The father of our subject was always opposed to slavery and was a stanch Union man. He was very temperate in his habits and for many years he was one of the leading officers in the Baptist Church in Farmington. He was pronounced in his views and it was an easy matter to find him, .as he always stood bravely for whiit his reason and conscience told him was right. He held various township of- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 673 flees in Farmington. He was a man of uncomprom- ising integrity, was even tempered and made a great many very warm friends; even now twenty- two years since liis deathi, tlie older citizens of Farmington tliinlv of him with tenderness and re- gret. Only a few days ago Mr. Henry Merrill, an old friend of his. remarked with tears in his eyes, "if there was ever a man I luvcd, that man was Hosea Woodruff." The subject of this biographical review was born June 11, 1 85 1 , at Heed's Landing in Peoria County, while his father was engaged in the coal business there. Shortly after his father returned to Farm- ington where our subject grew up. He had all the advant.ages to be obtained in the schools of this town, which he attended until he was fifteen yea's old. At that age he was called on to assist in the support of the family, and he worked at car- pentering and at whatsoever else his hands could find to do. His father took building contracts for erecting houses and bridges and he also contracted to furnish limber for railroads. George began to work in the woods when but fourteen^and learned to swing an ax with the ease of a veteran lumber- man. While gettiiig out timber for railways the father found it convenient to operate a steam saw- mill and the son being then fourteen or fifteen years old, and having considerable mechanical gen- ius was employed to attend to the machinery. Af- ter a j'ear and a half of experience around the sta- tionary sawmill he became very proficient in the management of the engine, and when but sixteen years old he obtained a position as engineer in the wool carding factory of Mr. L. Parish of Farming- ton, receiving in payment $iO per month for about a year. At the age of seventeen he went to work for P. P. Chapman as a laborer in his lumberyards, and was employed by him by the day the ensuing year. Gaining the confidence of his employer and his goodwill, he was appointed foreman of the ex- tensive lumber business and in the first year that be occupied that position he handled two million feet of lumber. Mr. Woodruff acted as foreman in the lumber yard until 1874, and then became the manager of Mr. Chapman's coal business. For three years prior to his su[ierintending the mines the}- had not l)aid their owner, liut under ourZsubject's skillful management ^Ir. Chapman derived a handsome in- come. Mr. Woodruff was superintendent of the mines for ten j'ears and during that time he had a wonderful experience with the miners. lie went through the strikes of 1877,^and at times his life was threatened by the KuKlux or Mollie Maguire miners of Pennsylvania, who unff)rtunately had been brought from there to work-in the mines of Farm- ington, because laborers here were very scarce and the managers were driven to make use of any class of men the^' could obtain. Our subject worked so long and faithfully in the interests of his emploj'er that his health gave way in the constant excite- ment and strain necessitated by the responsibilities of his position, and he was obliged to resign. He took a trip for the purpose of recreation through the West and Northwest, and spent some two months in Minnesota and Northern Wisconsin. In 1882, while yet acting as superintendent of mines, he invested in the harness business, becoming a partner with S. Barstow of Farmington. The next year he sold his interest in that, and the following j-ear he and Dr. Gove bought th(^ drug business of Reiley Bristol of Farmington, and conducted it until 1886 when they disposed of it, having lost $4,000 by that venture. It was conducted strictly in accordance with our subject's high principles of morality and right on a temper- ance basis, no liquors being sold over or behind the counter for fever and ague, or any other dis- ease, so that it is not surprising tiiat financial suc- cess did not result. One of the greatest enterprises with which our subject's name is connected is the Duck Island Hunting and Fishing Club, incorporated under the laws of the State of Illinois in 1885. He it was who Srst conceived the idea of laying out a hunting and fishing park, and he devoted all his energies to the task, he having inherited a natural taste from his father and grandfather for the chase and other manly sports. He secured the organization of a stock company, with a capital stock of $15,000 and the holders of the stock are principally the promi- nent business men of the city of Peoria. H. II. Fahnestock, of Peoria, is President of the com- pany' ; George Woodruff, Vice President; C. E. 674 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. Snively, of Canton is Secretary; F. Luther of Peo- ria, Treasurer; O. L. Nichols, of Banner, Superin- tendent. The company owns and controls four thousand acres of land along the western bank#of the Illinois River in Fulton County, adjacent to Copperas Creek and li'iug in Banner and Liverpool Townships. Mr. AVoodruff spent a year and a half in fencing, improving the land and in erecting suit- able buildings. It is enclosed bj' a wire fence; has a neat two-story club house, well fitted up with beds and other conveniences for sporting men; and there are barns and stables and an ice house that holds two hundred tons of ice. A reliable man is in charge of the club house and park, and every- thing is well managed. 'J'he park is conceded by sporting men to be the best ducking ground in the State of Illinois, and is fast becoming a ver^- pop- ular resort. In February, 1888. Mr. Woodruff eslablislied himself in the grocer}- business in Farmington, in the Mason Block, where he is conducting an excel- lent trade in that line. Tiie same year he formed a partnership with Charles Howard, and under the name of Woodruff & Howard, is cairying on an ex- tensive meat business. In 1890, on the 2-tth of March, he was appointed Postmaster at Farming- ton, and into this office he carries the energy, bus- iness abilit}^ and tact that has characterized his wiiole career. At the time of his candidacy for the position there were four competitors in the field, and the struggle bj' which our subject won was sharp and decisive, but it w\as acknowledged by all that Mr\ Woodruff won by fair means. He served as a member of the Board of Education of Farming- ton one term; was City Councilman a terra of two years; Police Magistrate two terms; and Mayor of the city one term, occupying that positioti.in 1884. He is an important member of the Republican party in this county, and has been a delegate to State. County and Congressional conventions. Mr. AVoodruff and Miss Ella AVebster were united in marri.age January' 4, 1871. Mrs. AVoodruff is a daughter of the late Alpheus and Lucj' (Haskins) AA'cbster. Her father was born in New Hampshire and his father was an own cousin to Daniel ^Veb^ter. Her mother was born in Massachusetts. She is now living in Media, Douglas County, Kan., at the age of sixty-two years. .She and her liusband came to Fulton County from their Eastern home in 1856 and settled in Canton Township. Mr. Web- ster served in the late war, and contracted a dis- ease which made him an invalid. He farmed in Illinois until his removal to Douglas Count}-, Kan., where he died May 6, 1882. Mrs. AVoodruff was born in Boston, Mass., but was reared and educated in Canton, this county. She came from there to Farmington with her par- ents, and here made Mr. Woodruff's acquaintance. Her happy wedded life with our subject has been blessed to them by the birth of three children-May, a student in the Farmington High .School ; Katie, who manages the Farmington news-stand, and keeps books for her father; and Luther, a school-boy at home with his parents. Mr. Woodruff has built as many as six residences in Farmington, and has sold them at a good profit. He at present resides in an attractive dwelling on Park Street. He and his estimable \/ife are among the leading members of the Baptist Church, of which he is Treasurer. rman. His regiment was assigned to the Western arm}', and was sent to Jackson, Tenn. Our subject was taken violently sick while there, and as the surgeon certi- fied that he would be unfitted for further duty he was honorably discharged from military strvice. He returned to Canton, and subsequently opened a merchant tailor's establishment in this city, and has given his whole attention since then to this busi- ness. He removed to his present stand on Elm Street in 1878. He carries a large stock of the finest cloths to be found in the market, and, as he employs none but skilled workmen, he turns out gentlemen's clothes of superior make and gives good satisfaction to his patrons, of whom he has many, including some of the best citizens of the place. Mr. Vandevander w.as married in 1839 to Miss Isabella Douglass, the marriage ceremony that made them one being performed at the bride's home in Huntingdon County, Pa. She Is a native of that State and a daughter of Joseph and Isabelle Douglass. Her married life with our subject, which lias been of niore than fifty years duration, has ^ '^^-2^^^ ^ /^^^#^^ PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 687 been a pleasant one, and has been blessed to them by the birth of five children, only one of whom is livins;, Frank G. who is in business witii liis fa- ther. He is a member of Morning Star Lodge, No. 74, A. F. & A. M. Our subject belongs to the Methodist Episcopal Church of which he is an officer, and of which he has been a valued member since 1844. He is a man of exceptional habits and is a firm advocate of temperance. He has a good record as a temperance man, having signed tlie Washingtonian Pledge in 1840, and he has never broken it by tasting intoxicating liquors. In poli- tics he is independent, always voting for tiie man rather than the part}'. ^^- ^OHN W. BOWEN, a sketch of whose life now claims attention, and whose portrait will be noticed on the opposite page is a man well and favorably known throughout Joshua Township, and as every life has a history of its own, although in appearance it may seem to possess little to distinguish it from others, the reader will take interest in learning details of the business career, and private incidents connected with our subject. Mr. Bowen was born in Franklin Coiiiity, Fa., on the •20th of November, 1840, but though his natal day fell to that season of the jj^ear when na- ture casting off the freshness of summer, presents a dreary appearance, only brightness and the sun- shine of success have attended his patliway tlirough life. Our subject's father, David Bowen, born July 3, 1803, and his mother, Susan Bowen, who was born November 9, 1814, were natives of the State and county in which their son dates his na- tivity. The father's death occurred January 4, 1848, and the mother's on November 5, 1865. They breathed their last, and found their final rest- ing place in this county. To them were born five children, of whom our subject is the onl}' one liv- ing at the present writing. Mr. Bowen came with his parents to this place in November, 1861, having for a siiort time previous to their arrival lived in Fairview, 111. Before com- ing West the father purchased land on section 4, Joshua Township, where our subject now resides, and where by means of industry and natural ability he is rapidly increasing his fortune through each successive year. The subject of our sketch en- listed in the late war in the month of August in 1SG2, with Company D, One Hundred and Third Illinois Regiment. They were in camp at Peoria for a time before marching to Bolivar, Tenn. His war record is a good one. and he served his coun- try faithfully and well for nearly three years, and at the expiration of that time was honorably dis- charged in July, 1865, having participated in the battles of Atlanta, Kingston, N. C, Mission Ridge, and others equally famous. Mr. Bowen was married to Miss Anna Davis in Fairview, on October 17, 1867. She was born July 3, 1845, and is a highly cultivated and attractive lady, having done much by her devotion to her husband to assist him to his present success. To them have been born eight children, of whom those living, are as fallows: Bell, born August 29, 1868; John Nelson, January 15, 1873; Albert, June 19, 1876; Lawrence, August 6, 1878; Ida May, Feb- ruary 15, 1885; and Clara Alice, September 20, 1886. The subject of our sketch owns a valuable estate, comprising two hundred and fifty acres of highlj' cultivated land, and in connection with his agricul- tural pursuits devotes much time to stock-raising. A sketch of his life is a plain statement of the height to which integrity of purpose, undaunted en- ergy, and generosity of feeling can elevate a man. He is one of the most useful citizens in this com- munity, and one whom the people appreciate and highly esteem. -^^ ^ l»,ILLIAM STEPHENS, a retired farmer re- \/\/// s'f''"S '" Astoria, is one whose life presents VW ^ picture of persistent industry crowned with financial success. He has accumulated a fine property, surrounded his loved ones witii every comfort, and now in tiicir midst is eMJoyiiig tlie 688 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. merited ease and leisure won by his years of in- dustry. His landed estate consists of live liundred acres of finely-improved pasture and timber land in Woodland Townsliip, besides two liundred and forty acres of swamp land on the Illinois River bottom, together with the commodious grounds which surround his pleasant dwelling. Mr. Stephens is of southern birth and ancestry. His grandparents, Rev. John and Ellen (Riordan) Stephens, were natives of Virginia, whither the former removed to Kentucky in earl}' manhood becoming a pioneer settler of Campbell County. He bought a tract of timber land six miles from Covington, and devoted a portion of his time to clearing it and the remainder to the spread of the Gospel. He organized societies in different parts of tlie State, doing a noble work in promulgating the doctrines of the P)aptist Church on tlie frontier. He and his wife died on the farm which was their home for many years. The parents of Mr. Stephens were among the earliest settlers of Booneville. For some time after they settled there the Indians were numerous and hostile and the few settlers built a stockade in whicli the families gathered for protec- tion. Whin the men went to tlie fields they ahvaj's carried their guns with them, and at various times while the men kept guard the women would tend the garden*. James Stephens, one of the members of the fam- ilv of this worth V couple, was the second son of the father of our subject, who was born in Campbell Count}-, K}'., in the year 1801, and continued to reside there until 1836. He then, with his wife and four children, emigrated to Illinois, the familj- journeying in a wagon drawn by a yoke of oxen with a horse in the lead. They brought their household goods with them, camping by the way, and in June reached their destination in McDonough County. After residing in Industry Township two years they changed their residence to this count}'. Mr. Stephens purchased one hundred acres of tiniber land on section 22, Woodland Township, for which he paid §.3 per acre. To this landed estate he added from time to time until he possessed nearly four hundred acres, the greater portion being iraproTed and pasture land. He was very industrious and possessed of good judgment and prudent iiabits, hence his prosperitj'. He resided on the liome farm until his death, November 27. 1876. The niMiden name of the mother of our subject was Margaret Peck, married in 1826. Like her iiusband she was a native of Campbell County, Ky.. and of Virginia parentage. Her paternal grand- father was a native of German}', who came to America in Colonial days. Her father, Peter Peck, removed from the Old Dominion to the county in which his daughtei- was born, when that region w.as very sparsely settled, and assisted in its develop- ment. He served in the War of 1H12 in Capt. Dick Johnson's company under Gen. Siielb}-, fought in the battle of the Thames and saw Tecum- seh fall. The regiment disbanded at Maiden, Canada, and he having lost his horse a day or two before, was obliged to walk home. It was in the winter season and he suffered extremely, freez- ing his feet so that he was a cripple ever afterward. He was a farmer by occupation. He finally removed to .McDonough County, 111., where he spent his last years. His wife, formerly Mary Beaver, a na- tive of Virginia, was the daughter of a German gentleman who married a native of Virginia and died either there or in Kentucky. The mother of our subject was a devoted parent, carefully rearing her ten children, on whom were bestowed the names of William, Mary. John H., Peter, Enoch, Ellen, Joseph. George, Angeline and Francis Marion. She breathed her last at the home of the daughter in McDonough County and her mortal remains were interred beside those of her devoted companion in the cemetery of Wood- land Township. The natal day of our subject was July 24, 1828. and his birthplace Campbell County. Ky. Having been eighty years old when he accompanied his parents to this Slate, he can recall the incidents of the overland journey. At that time wild game was plentiful and for some time afterward. As soon as large enough to shoulder a gun he joined in the, chase and has killed many a deer in the con- fines of this county. He made the best of every opportunity afforded to secure an education, at- tending the pioneer schools assiduously in the winter season. The schoolhouse was of a nrimi- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 689 live fashion, l)uilt of logs, with earth and stick cliiinnej', a huge fireplace, a iionie-made writing (leslc aroiind the wail, and sial) benclies. Mr. Stephens resided in Woodland Township until 1853, then, April 3, with a fau)ily fronilpava, started with an ox-tcam for Oregon. They made their wa}- across Missouri, crossing the Missouri River at St. Joseph, traversed the plains and climbed the mountains, crossing the Rocky Moun- tains the 4th of July, and safely arriving in Lane County after seven months' travel. The ter- ritory included in the ijopuloiis States of Kansas, Nebraska, Colorado and Wyoming was at that time inhabited by no white settleis, but was the home of numerous Indian tribes and abounded in deer, antelope, elk and buffalo. The herds of the latter encountered by the traveling party were in- numerable. Our subject remained in Lane County until February, 1854, then went to Coos diggings on the coast where he prospected with but little success until spring. In April he returned to Lane County, thence going to Yreca, Cal., where he was engaged in mining until September, 1858. He then returned to his former home, via the Isthmus and New York City. Mr. Stephens spent the winter in Woodland Township and m the spring of 1859 went to the Territory of Kansas, where he bought five hundred acres of land located in Linn County, but sojourned there only a short time. The following year he again left his home in this State, bought more land in Kansas and then made another trip across the plains, this time to Colorado. There he prosjiected and mined for gold but without very great success. He became the owner of one hundied and fifty square yards (;n the present site of Leadville, where the "black sand," as the miners termed it, was verj' hard to separate from the gold and was after- ward found to be silver ore. In the fall of the year he sold his interest there for a small sum and returning to the State bought one hundred and sixty acres of land in "Woodland Township, upon which he resided until 1S64. He then removed to Kerton Township, but a year later again took up his abode in Woodland Township, where he con- linued to live until 1873. He next rented his faru), removed to McDonough County, bought one hun- dred and sixty acres in Mound Township and car- ried on his agricultural work there until 1890, when- he determined to retire from at;tive labor, and pur- chased his present residence. Politically .Mr. Slephens has always been ,'. Demo- crat; he is now a member of the County Central Committee. In McDonough County he represented Mound Townshii) on the County Board of Super- visors several terms, also Woodland, his future home, and w.as recognized as a faithful and efficient member of the Board. lie is one of the most' widel}' informed men of the county, being a great reader, a deei) triinker, and in the habit of weighing well the items of information which he gathers in their bearings u|)on the various departments of labor and existence. An hour spent in his society is fruitful of entertainment and instruction, and many friends are pleased to avail themselves of opportunities to couver.se with him. The family of Mr. Stejihens includes a wife and six children, the latter bearing the names of Mar- garet, Ettie, James W., Helena, Oluey, and Jcseph W. Mrs. Stephens was born in Knox Count}-, Ohio, in 1840, and was known in her maidenhood as Mary Welker. Her father, David AVelker, a na- tive of the Keystone State, was quite }'Oung when his parents removed to Ohio, locating near Mil- wood. He remained in that State until 1853, then came to Central Illinois, spending the remainder of his life in Kerton Township, this county. Mr. Welker married I\Iarga.r('t Darling, a native of Ohio, who, like her husband, spent her declining years in this county. Ilcr father, Abraham Dar- ling, w.as born in Virginia, and his father, William Darling, was either of Scotch ancestry or born in Scotland. The latter located in the Shenandoah Valley, securing large tracts of land there. During the early settlement of Ohio he removed thither, purchasing a large tract of land in Knox County, where he spent the remainder of his days. Abra- ham Darling inherited considerable propeity and with others established the Owl Creek Bank, one of the earliest banking institulions in that section of the country. When it collapsed he was obl^ed to settle all claim--, being the only stockholder of any wealth, lie reside 1 in Knox County until 690 PORTKAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 1863, then came to Illinois and during the remain- der of his life lived in tliis county. Miss Mary Weliiej', now Mrs. Stephens, was thir- teen years old wlien slie came to this county with lier parents. Four years later she was married to Adam Marklej'. a native of Ohio, who was but a child when, in 1840-41, his parents, David and Kebecca (Butler) Markley, came hither. He was reared in Kerton Tovvnshi|), wliere at the time of his marriage he owned a farm upon which he lo- cated, living there until liis dcatli in 186('. The marriage resulted in the birth of two children, one of whom died in infancy. The other, Mary L., is the wife of Charles Combs and resides in Elk County, K.ar. ; she and her mother still own the Markley homestead of one hundred and eighty acres. The marriage of our subject and Mrs. Mary Markley was celebrated February 21, 1864, and neither has had cause to regret the event. fJESSE R. SHIPTON. The year 18.56 wit- nessed the arrival of many citizens of Ful- ton County, who are now thoioughly identi- fied with its most important interests. Of these Mr. Shipton deserves especial mention. In tracing his ancestry back a few generations, we find that his grandfather, Thomas Shipton, was an Eng- lishman by birth, and came to the L'nited States during the Revolutionary War, locating in Union County, Pa., where for many years he was a promi- nent citizen and a Justice of the Peace. His wife, who previous to her marriage bore the name of Hannah Spikeman, was also of English descent, and was a member of the Society of Friends. The father of our subject, John Shipton, was a blacksmith by trade, and highly respected by all who knew him. The mother, whose maiden name was Elizabeth Swengel, was a daughter of Michael and Esther (Hasinger) Swengel, and was a direct descendant of a German Protestant family, who were driven from the Fatherland because of their relifious belief during what is known in history as the "Salzburger Exodus." The branch of the fam- ily froQB which they descended, located in Pennsyl- vania during the early Colonial years, and there many of the descendants continue to reside. He of whom we write was born in what was then Union County, but is now Snyder County. Pa., November 11, 1828. In the home of his childhood he continued to reside until eighteen years old, when he removed to the eastern part of Mifflin County. He had in the meantime learned the trade of a carpenter. He was married November 3, 1853, near Lewistown, Mifflin County, Pa., and the lady with whom he united his destiny. was Miss Elizabeth Rothrock. While in Mifflin County, Pa., he con- tinued to work as a carpenter for a time, building a number of beautiful houses, evincing a great deal of judgment and skill in architecture. In 1855 he emigrated to Monticello, Ind., where he farmed for one year, and then located in Illinois, where he has since continued to reside. In 1856 our subject purchased one hundred and thirty-eight acres of valuable land situated on the southwest quarter of section 18, and here was a log cabin. On the 4th of March, 1857, the day Buch- anan was inaugurated, he took up his residence in tills cabin, where he continued to reside until 1867, at which date he built the frame house that adorns the place at the present time. He afterward built a barn, and these buildings were erected by his own personal labor without assistance of any kind. As the years passed Mr. Shipton's prosper- ity continued to increase, and he enlarged his real estate, until at present the farm upon which he re- sides embraces two hundred and thirty-five acres of valuable and cultivated land ;uid he has a very beautiful residence. Our subject is, at all times, and in all ways inter- ested in worthy causes, and never fails to give his influence for the good of the community of which he forms a worthy member. A popular man, es- teemed for integritj' and a worthy nobleness of purpose, he ranks high among the citizens of the county. Politically, he is a Democrat, and has great influence in all public matters. He has served his township as Assessor, Clerk, and also as Justice of the Peace for eighteen years, and although act- ing in that capacity for so long, sustains a reputa- tion as a peacemaker, and invariably advises settle- ment of cases without litigation, by that means PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 691 effectiiiij a peaceable and quiet enrling in a niajor- ity of disagreements between parlies, and tliat vvitli- out cost. Wliile Mr. Siiipcon is a failliful and devout mem- ber of tlie Lutlieran Cluireli, and would through preference constantly attend their services, still there being no Lutheran Church convenient to his residence, he is a faithful attendant at all orthodox churches. In fact, he manifests great interest in religious matters, working early and late for the Sunday-s(thools, of which he has been iSuperinten- dent for twenty-five years or more. In all (irob- ability, he has done more for the benefit of thnt cause than any other individual in the township, and he also is active in advancing the educational interests of the communit\- being a School Director. Mr. Shipton was forced to give up the companit)n of his life, she being claimed by death, on March 7, 1885. Mrs. Shipton was a religious woman in the full sense of the word, and a true wife. Her death was caused by pneumonia, and her remains rest in the Randall grave-yard, whit^h is located on the southeast corner of section 18. When about ten years old, our subject, accom- panied by a younger brother, ventured forth in the mountainous country in wliich they resided. Jour- ueying ahmg with the happy hearts and cheerful laughter of childhooil, and gathering huckleberries and the graceful golden-rod, they were very much alarmed 1o see suddenly appear before them two large and ferocious bears; upon perceiving the boys, the bears commenced roaring like lions. Instantly the lads hastened homeward, and told the circum- stances to their father, who thought that doubtless the whelps were close by. The 'Squire has partially retired from farming, and lets out most of his land on shares, though he continues to keep a number of liorses. He also is interested in bee culture, and keeps a number of stands. These duties, together with his official business, occup\' his time. A mark of his handi- work is shown upon the map of Fulton County published in 1870. He there drafted the Spoon River from the eastern part of Farmers Township, to the middle line of secti(jn 17, Bernadotte Town- ship, as is shown on the ma|) above mentioned. In fact, it would be impossible in so brief a space to render full justice to the many jiersonal qualities that have endeared 'Squire Shipton to a host of warm friends. MM^ \tS5^ ENXIS NEVILLE. The subject of this sketch is an agriculturalist of in-ominence who, notwithstanding the reverses and dis- couragements that almost invariably attend the career of bread-winners throughout the world, has come boldly to the front, and with the push and energy characteristic of him, has surmounted all difBculties. He is at the present writing a pros- perous fanner and stock-raiser and is held in the highest esteem by neighbors and friends in Joshua Township. On the 12th of November, 1834, Mr. Neville was born, being the son of Patrick and Johanna Neville, natives of the Emerald Isle. At an early day they bade farewell to County Lim- erick, wliere the^^ were born, and journeyed forth to find a home in tlie broad and prosperous country of America. I'pon reaching the new land, they settled at St. Johns, New Brunswick, and there continued to reside for one year. At the expira- tion of that time they crossed over to the States, and choosing ^Maryland as a desirable place to live, located there, about ten miles from the city of Bal- timore. The parents of oiu' subject was blessed with tliir- teen children, four of whom were born in Ireland, one in St. Johns, and the others in Marylaiul. About June 1, 18.3.i, the family removed to Illinois, and purchased land on the northern part of section 22, in Joshua Township. After about eight years passed happily here, the father departed this life, having attained to the age of sixty-five years, and nine years later the mother followed her husband to a final resting place, she being at the time of her death sixty seven years of age. The subject of this sketch remained with his parents up to the time of their death, being a most devoted son and constant in his attentions. Mr. Neville was married on February 27, 1865, to Miss Frances Murray, whose birth occurred 6!) 2 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. Aujiust 23. 1840. Of this union seven children have been born, namely : Mar3', February 1 9, 1 866 ; John, who was born May 22, IS*;?, is deceased: John, born May 3, 1868; Edward, October 30, 1869; Frances, .January 2, 1872; Celestine, Janu- ary 3, 1875, and (Stephen, December 27. 1877. Tliese children are all at home at the present date. ^=^EORGE F. RICE is one of r.he most public- jll ,;— , spirited and enterprising: citizens of Orion ^^ Townshi|), and takes a leading part in its agricultural interests, and besides successfully grow- ing grain and raising stock, sells agricultural im- pk'ments, buys and ships a large quantity of grain, and also ships a great many hogs and cattle; and is, indeed, a potent factor in sustaining the financial prosperity- of file count}'. Mr. Rice was born October 25, 1851, in Perry Count}-, Pa. The earlj' years of his life were passed in liis native State, where he gleaned a substantial education, and acquired an excellent knowledge of agriculture. He was attracted to the great State of Illinois by its exceptional agricultural facilities, as he shrewdly believed that on its fertile acres suc- cess awaited his efforts and in 1872 he took up his residence in Orion Township,, a very favorable lo- cality for farming and stock-raising, and since that time he has been closely identified with those inter- ests, and no one has worked hai-der to advance them. He has a farm of one hundred and sixty acres on section lO.that has many valuable improve- ments in the way of neat and well arranged build- ings, the best of farming machinery, and the soil is under admirable tillage. Mr. Rice devotes much of his time to the raising of stock, and is also en- gaged in selling agricultural implements, as before mentioned. He buys a large amount of grain and stock every j'ear, and ships them at Breed's Station, sending as manj- as sixty car-loads of hogs to tiie markets in 1889, over one hundred cars of grain, and about a thousand bushels of clover seed. His business is directed by sound discretion and far-seeing judgment that have placed him among the moneyed men of the township. In the establishment of his pleasant home Mr. Rice has received the able assistance of a most ex- cellent wife, to whom he was united in marriage October 12, 1872. Mrs. Rice's maiden name was Alice Kelly and she is a daughter of J. B. and Rachael Kelly, one of the oldest pioneer families of Orion Township, (for further particulars see sketch of Stephen A. Kelly which is found elsewhere in this work). The home circle of our subject and his wife is completed bj- their two children. Earl Edmond, a lad of thirteen years and William Elmer who is twelve j-ears of age. It is to the men of push and energy like our subject, that Orion Township owes its progress and its present good financial standing among its sister townships in the count}-. Our subject is a resolute, wide-awake man, whose forcible character has placed him in the front ranks of the prosperous and well-to-do citizens of the township. He is a man of intelligent, independent views, especially in regard to politics, his opinions in regard to the proper conduct of public affairs coinciding with the principles promulgated by the Republican party. He has taken an important p:irt in the management of the Orion Grange and is treasurer of that organization. He is also identified with the Masonic fraternity, being a member of Glasford Lodge. ^^EORGE M [If 1^=; ductor on ^^^ tween Ha- lEORGE MESSLER, for several years a con- on tlie Narrow Gauge Railroad be- ^^^4 tween Havana and Galesburg, is now num- bered among the residents of Cuba. He was born here November 15, 1856, and received a com- mon-school education, early abandoning the pur- suit of knowledge in school to undertake his personal support and advancement. His first oc- cupation was at farm work, but he subsequently became a practical druggist. He finally embarked in railroad work, following it for nine years, but at this writing he is not actively engaged in any business. Benjamin W. Messier, the father of our subject, was born in Mai'iland in 1 808, and died in Cuba PORTRAIT AND HIOURAPHICAL ALBUM. &93 January 20. 1871. His occupation w;is iliuL ol ;i farmer. He married Marj' E. Cline, a n.Uivo of Rockingliam County, Va., wlio was liorn in 1820. Tlie marriage was solemnized in Montgomery County, Ohio, in 1837, and tlie couple made their home there until 1842. Tiiey then removed to this county, and Mrs. Messier still makes her home in Cuba. The parental family consists of six chil- dren, the subject of this notice being the youngest. Hannah, the firsc-born, lives south of Cuba; she is the widow of William H. Heller and has three chil- dren. Elizabeth, widow of Henry Heffner. has six children and her home is in Beardstown. John C. married Alinira Holmes, who has borne him four children; theii home is in Saline Count}', Neb. William G., who married Louisa Wright, lives in Chatswurth and has three children. Frank makes his home in Farmington; he married Sarah Mc- Lean and has two children. On March 20, 1883, Mr. Messier was united in marriage with Miss Louie M. Chapman. This lad}' was born ul Macomb, McDonough Count}-, March 8, 18o8, and acquired a good education in the pub- lie schools. She remained at her birthplace until 1880, when she came to Cuba, where she continued to reside until three years after her marriage. Mr. and Mrs. Messier then removed to Havana, but after sojourning there five years returned to tlieir former home, with whose interests they have been identified up to the present day. They have had two children, one of whom died in infancy. The lad who now brightens their home by the untiring activity of childhood bears the name of Lloyd, and was born March 18, 188fi. Mrs. Messier be- longs to the Christian Ciiurch and has been an ac- tive worker in the Sunday-school, where her en- ergy of character and devt)tion to the cause liave made themselves felt. Mr. ftlessler is a member of the Order of Railroad Conductors. Outside of the enjoyments of his home life he finds his great- est pleasure in hunting and fishing, for which sports he has a decided liking, and in h hieli he manifests great skill. The parents of Jlrs. Messier were Corydon C. and Margaret Marietta (Clarke) Chapman. Mr. Chap- man was born in Ohio in 1834 and is one of eight children comprising the family of Jacob Kimble and Julia (Griffith) Chapman. He was descended from one Henjamin Chapman, who lived in Eno-- land, and whose three sons, leaving their parental home, went to different countries in Europe. One located in France, one in Ireland and one in Scot- land. At the death of their father a large fortune was left to the three sons, but before the eldest could return from France the estate had been con- fiscated by the English Government. The sons finally came to the United States, he who is the progenitor of our suiiject locating near Salem, Mass., where he resided dining the period of the witchcraft and persecution. Corydon C. Chapman came to Macomb, III., in 1853, and there made his home for a number of years. He was a carriage and w.agon-maker by trade, an excellent workman in that line, and a natural genius in the use of tools and all manner of handicraft. For some years ho lived in Chicago, where his widow now makes her home. He died at Mendon, Mich., November 15, 1888. He was a member of the Masonic fraternity. In politics he was a Republican. Mrs. Chapman was born in Macomb, 111., October 17, 1839. In her youth she was one of the chief ornaments of the society of Macomb, as she was blessed with good looks, intel- ligence and winning w.ays; and she is still very at- tractive in appearance and manner. She is a faith- ful member of the Christian Church. Mrs. Messier is the oldest of the children now living. Annie makes her home in Chicago; John married Annie Rouse anernadotte Townshiii. and was actively engaged in carrying it on for one 3'ear. At the expiration of that time he returned lo the parental home and for five or six years man- aged his father's farm. We next hear of him in McDonough County, where he farmed as a renter for two years. In the fall of 18G4 he made a trip to the West, saw much of the country and enjoyed his journey. He returned in 18(i5, and bought seventy-two acres of Innd on section 24. which is included in his present substantial farm. This comprises two hundred and seventy acres of as rich and productive farming land as can be found in the county. Seventy-two acres of it are on sec- ond bottom land, where he has his house and im- provements. He has cleared and developed this land by hard labor and a judicious exi)enditure of monej', making it a valuable piece of property. He has a Bne two story frame residence, 18x28 feet in dimensions, two large barns G0x40 and 24x3G feet in dimensions, full of hay and grain, and in his feed lot he has a large windmill. Mr. Littlejohn devotes some attention to raising stock, and he has a one-fourth interest in a fine thorough-bred Perch- eron-Isorman horse. Our subject is a thorough farmer and has mastered his calling in'] all its branches. He has done this by strict attention to business and unceasing labor. He is known as a very early riser as ho gets up and does half a day's work before breakfast. He is a true Demo- crat in politics although of late 3'ears he has not been active in political life. He has held the office of School Diiector fifteen yeMrs,and has often been urged to accept other public |)Ositions but has re- fused, as the management of his affairs requires all his attention. Mr. Littlejohn was married February 13, 1867, to Mary E.. daughter of William and Elizabeth Goudy. Tl'.ey have three children, two sons and one daughter, all of whom reside at home, and the following is the record of their birth: Ellen, born November 17, 1868; Willie E., August 13, 1870; and Frank C, February 6, 1873. S. ALDEN, a farmer, the center of whose ., agricultural work is on section 18, Lee "^^f' Township, has lived in this county since he was about two j'ears old. He was liorn in Cattar- augus County, N. Y., December 4, 1840, and is the oldest son of Smith D. and Sarah E. (I\un3'an) Alden, "f whom further m.ention is made in the sketch of H. Alden, on another page of this Alblji. He received his schooling in the township of which he is now a respected resident and assisted his fa- ther on the farm. Here he has remained, improv- ing the place in many ways, keeping it under thor- ough cultivation and well stocked with all that goes to make up a well-regulated estate. Mr. Alden has found time to serve his fellow citizens in vari- ous positions of responsibility. He has been Township Clerk, School Director and Highway Commissioner. He votes the Rt^publican ticket, but takes no active part in political affairs, and socially, has membership with the Jlodern Wood- men of America. The ladv who shares the jovs and sorrows of our suV'ject bore the maiden name of Mary L. Barker. She was born in Grundy County. July 30, 1852, and is the onlv surviving child of George and r » PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 697 Johanna (Amos) Barker. Her father, who is be- lieved to have been born in Kentucky, died Janu- ary l.j, 185.3. Her mother, a native of Indiana, is 'still living. Mr. and Mrs. Alden arc the parents of eight children, of whom the following survive: George, born September 21, 1873; William, July 29, 1875; Cora, September 17, 1877; Milton, Octo- ber 17, 1879; Daisy, October U, 1881, and Clinton, June 27, 1888. ^^ OSES BURROWS. Many of the most pa- triotic citizens of our nation have emi- grated hither from foreign lauds, and among them are some of the stalwart sons of the "Motlier Countrj'." With kee;i intuition they have foreseen future prosperit}' in America such as never could be attained ii; their own land, and coming across the ocean have, almost invari- ably, been successful in their undertakings. Of this thriving class Mr. Burrows furnishes a repre- sentative example, being prominent in tliis county as a skillful farmer and extensive stock-raiser. The birthplace of Mr. Burrows was eight miles west of Liver|)ool, England, and the year thereof 1829. He lived on his native soil the first twenty j'ears of his life, and at an early age began to sup- port himself. When about nine years old he en- tered a rope factory, where he remained three years, first turning the wheel for tlie spinner, and working in all |)arts, except spinning, in succession. He received eight cents per day. walking two and one-half miles to the factory and boarding iiimself. At the age of thirteen he commenced to work in a shoe-shop in Liverpool, and there lemained for six 3-ears, leaving it on account of some trouble with the firm. In 1849, having resolved to seek a home in the Jsew World. Mr. Burrows emigrated from England to America. After landing on these shores he made his w!iy across the countrj' to Illinois, and established iiimself in the citj' of Lewistown. Hav- ing served an apprenticeship of six j'ears as a shoe- maker in Liverpool, lie was tlioroughly familiar with the trade and was actively engaged in this business in Lewistown for the following fifteen years. Tlie nest move of our subject was to rent a farm, comprising about one hundred and twenty acres, one and one-half miles east of Lewistown. The nest year he rented another farm of tlie same size, of Leonard F. Ross, one mile south of Lewistown. He conducted his farming opera- tions there three years, and then rented eighty acres of land of Mrs. Peters for the ensuing two j'ears. Going one half mile south of that place, he subsequently rented an eighty-acre tract of land for one year. We next hear of him in the north- ern part of the county, where he rented one hun- dred and fifty acres of Leonard F. Ross. At the expiration of that time he rented one hundred and sisty acres of Miss IMelinda Babbitt for one year, and then invested some of the money he had saved in the purchase of eighty acres of land on section 23, Bernadotte Township. The pleasant farm, which he had inirchased with tlie accumulation of years of labor, Mr. Burrows improved and resided upon seven years, then tracled it for a beautiful estate of two hundred acres on the bottom lauds of section 15, where he now makes his home. Its level, well-tilled fields pre- sent an attractive appearance, which is further enhanced by the substantial, room}' liuildiiigs on the place, and the air of neatness and thrift ever3-- where noticeable. Near the center of the farm there is a rise of land or mound which, with excel- lent taste, Mr. Burrows selected as a site for his residence, a large and conveniently arranged two- story frame structure and one of the most pleasant homes of the neighborhood. In addition to his homestead, Mr. Burrows owns one hundred and sixty acres of land on section 11, where his oldest son resides. He has also re- cently enlarged his landed possessions b}- the pur- chase of eighty-one and one-half acres adjoining his home farm. He is a very extensive stock- raiser and keeps so much stock that he is compelled to buy feed, not being able to raise enough grain on his farm. The lady who has for many years been tiie de- voted wife of Mr. Burrows, liorn the maiden name of Ann Hunter, and was born near Liverpool. England, 698 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAl, AMUM. November 18, 1834. She met her future husband on the ship en route to America, and was united in mai'riage with liim at Lcwistown, Ausrust 30, 1849. Their pleasant wedde() life has been abun- dantly blessed to them by the birth of thirteen cliiidren. of whom the following eleven are living: Thomas, Mar\- A., Sarah A., James A., Joseph, John, ^Martha, George, Moses, Emma and William. They are all located in Bcrnadotte Township, and by their useful lives reflect credit upon their early training. Mrs. Burrows has been to her husband a true wife and to their children a wise mother. As every loyal citizen thould, our subject takes considerable interest in politics, and is a stanch advocate of the Republican parly. He is public-spirited r.nd never loses an opportunity to advance the welfare of his adopted townsliip, ma- teriall}-, socially or religiously. He is serving as School Director and is zealous and efficient in edu- cational matters. A sincere Ciu'istian, the iMetho- dist Churcii finds in him one of its best members. He is a Steward of the Church and one of its Trustees. He is very generous in his support of the same, contributing 8100 this year toward its support. A lithographic portrait of Mr. Burrows appears elsewhere in this volume. /^APT. CHARLES A. SMTPH. Farmington III has its fnll quota of live business men and ^^^^ the jewehy trade of this place is well rep- resented by Capt. Smith, the enterprising jeweler and expert watchmaker. As his title denotes, Mr. Smith was a military man and w.as for a long time an officer in Company C, of the Fourth Regiment of the Illinois National Guards. Mr. Smith was born on Miller Street, Phila- delphia, Pa., August 12. 1851, his early home standing on the opposite side of the street from that of Charlie Ross, the boy who was so mysteri- ously kidnapped several years ago. His father, Andrew E. Smith, was born in Pennsylvania. He is a plasterer by trade, and alliiongh nearly sev- enty years of age is a man of exceptional activity and is still following his calling with the diligence of a man of thirty. He is a self-made man, a great reader, and what is more, remembers nearly every- thing that he reads. Our subject's mother was Mary Ann Nancrccde. Her father was Dr. Nan- creede, of Philadelphia. Pa., and he was of French extraction. The Smiths were of Swedish descent. The great-grandfather of onr sul)jeet, Charles Smith, helped to build the first Swedish Church in America and was one of the Colonists who settled on the Delaware. When a lad of six 3'cars the parents of our sub- ject brought him to Farmington, HI. He attended the public schools of this place and also the High School for one year. He then began to learn the trade of a jeweler, being apprenticed to J. H. Snyder, who at that time was a jeweler in Farm- ington, and is now of Canton. He worked for him one year, when his emplo^'er's health failed and he went to California, and our subject went to Elm- wood and worked out a regular apprenticeship of two years under D. S. Brown. Mr. Smitli then returned to Farmington and worked under Mr. Conver for one 3'ear anice laud, the most of which is under a fine stale of cultivation and is provided with buildings of a substantial order of architecture. Mr. Martin was married to Miss Celinda Ilasson, of this count}', in 1874. She is a daughter of. James Hasson who removed from New York to this county. They have a family of four children — Fred, W3'le3', Frank and Lee. iJHOMAS S. GENTLE. In all the broad ff(^<;\ expanse of the Prairie State tliere is no _ count}' which affords sustenance to a greater number of agriculturists than this, whose produc- tive soil, commercial facilities and advanced de- velopment make it pre-eminently a farmer's home. One of its comfortable and attractive abodes is that of the subject of this notice, who occupies tlie" parental homestead in Farmington Township, hav- ing an undivided interest therein. He also owns one hundred and twenty-nine acres on sections 14. and 15, which is now rented, as he carries on the John Gentle estate. The Gentles were originally French, settlement being made in Mar3'land by members of the family in Colonial times. In that State the late John Gentle was born, accompanying his parents to Ohio in 1810 when a child of about two years. He grew to manhood near the city of Cincinnati, marrying a native of the Buckeye State who bore the maiden name of Louisa Higdon. Her father, Peter Hig- don, was a soldier in the AVar of 1812. Mr. and Mrs. Gentle reared a family of nine children, hav- ing had eleven born to them. They came to Illi- nois with their family in 18oo. and selecting a location in Fulton Count}-, established a home from which the husband and father was removed in the spring of 1884. The widowed mother is still living and has now reached the age of seventy seven years. She makes her home with her children. The family record is as follows: Mary J., widow of Jacob Statliem, lives at Normal; Parthenia E., Mrs. Mottier, resides in Gibson City, Ford County; John T. Shotwell, died when twenty-one years old; James B. married Jliss Maggie JIcMullcn and had two cliildren — Tliomas II. and John .N.. who are now inmates in the home of our sulijcct, their fp- llier having died in 1879; Thora:isSmilh is the next in order of birth; Mrs. Maggie Bulger lives in Gib- son City; Julia E. died when twenty-seven years old; Ilattie B. is the wife of George II. Babbitt, of Ashland. Neb.; Lulu M. married Frank Ashton and their home is in Bryant, this State. Tiie subject of this biographical notice was born near Cincinnati, Ohio, June 26, 1845, and was therefore about ten years old when he came to this State. He began his school attendance in Ohio and continued to study in the district schools of Farm- ington Township. At the age of twenty-one years he entered Lombard University at Galesburg, ]jur- suing his studies theie four terms. He had an ex- peiience in the work of an instructor, teaching two winter terms in Peoria and two in Fulton County. His knowledge is amply sufficient to en- able him to secure a fine position as a teacher, but his taste does not lie in that direction, although lie met with good success while he was thus employed. In 1876 Mr. Gentle was united in marriage with Miss Mary L. Kessler, a well educated lady of estimable qualities, who was born in Ohio, but edu- cated in the Canton, 111., High School. Her father, W. E. Kessler, a native of Maryland, went to the Buckeye State when a young man, learned the trade of a carpenter and established himself there. He married Miss Kate MeClain who bore him eight children, of whom Mrs. Gentle is the eldest. The Kesslers came to this county and for several years Jlr. Kessler was engaged in farming as well as car- penter work; he is now living in Canton. Mr. and Mrs. Gentle have become the parents of four chil- dren, the eldest of whom is now about twelve years old. They are named respectively, Anna ^lay, Harry J., Ralph W. and Cieorge. Immediately after his marriage our subject set- tled on the homestead, remaining there until 1881, when he purchased ninety-five acres in Ford County and removed thither where he remained two years when he came back and settled on the homestead. In April, 1889, he sold that property and purchased 702 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. his present estate. He was appointed administra- tor of the John Gentle estate b}- Judge Boyd, and also of that of his brother. James B. Gentle. He has a decided political bent and works earnestly to promote the interests of Deraocracj-. He has served as School Director several years and in 1889 was elected Township Supervisor. He bslongsto Farm- ington Lodge, No. 192, F. & A. M., in which he filled the chair of Master in 1875-76-77. Tlie sterling qualities of Mr. Gentle are recog- nized by all who l;now him and his genial manners prepossess strangers in his favor. He is deeply in- terested in the welfare of his children and future generations, and therefore ready to bear a jiart in all those movements which will enhance the ma- terial, educational and moral prosperity of the na- tion. He has succeeded well in worldl}- affairs and is able to surround his faniih' with all of the com- forts and many of the luxuries of life. ^fOIlX W. ERB. This county, lilic other por- tions of the United Stales, is largely indebted to citizens of foreign birth for the develop- ment of her agricultural resources, tlie pro- motion of the cause of education and other move- ments for the public weal, and for examples of good citizenship. The German Empire has sent forth many sons and daughters who have held prominent and honorable places among the num- ber. One of these is the subject of this biographi- cal notice, wlio occupies a farm on section 13, Deerfield Township, and has acquired a comfort- able estate. Philip and Calherine (Schnur) Krb. the parents of our subject, were born in Hesse-Darmstadt, German}', emigrated to America in 1853, and lo- cated in this county on the section mentioned. There they spent the remainder of their lives in in- dustry and honor. The husband breathed his last April 12, 1877, and the wife May 2, 1887. The good couple were the parents of six children, our subject being the third son. The natal day of John AV. Erb was February 24, 1834. and his birthplace the province in which his parents also had opened their e3'es to the liglit. He attended school in accordance with the laws of the Empire, acquiring a good practical education, to which he added somewhat after he was brought to this country. He accompanied his parents here, and resided under their roof, assisting his father until his marriage to Catherine, daughter of Lewis and Catherine (Bumbergar) Martin, which occur- red April 19, 1860. The bride was born in Bied- ershausen, Bavaria, Germany, February 1, 1840. After a brief wedded life she passed away Novem- ber 28, 1861, leaving a daughter, Anna, born Maixh 22, 1861, who still lives with her fatlier. Mr. Erb was again married May 13, 1862. his bride on this occasion being Anna 31. .Schnur. This lady was born in Hesse-Darmstadt, Germany, Au- gust 29, 1834, being the second child and eldest daughter of George H. and Mary M. ( JIuhl) .Schnur. Her parents, who were natives of the same province as herself, came to America in 1841, locating in Ohio. Four years later they removed to Adams County, this State, and from that time until called hence, were residents in Burton Township. Mrs. Schnur died Jul}' 6, 1864, ami .Mr. Schnur May 31, 1884. Tlie present Mrs. Erb has borne her husband six children, of whom we note the following: George llen:'3% burn March 4, 1863, is still at home; Ella E., born July 20, 1864, is the wife of William L. Elliott, and lives in Fairvitw Township; Emma Olivia, born September 12, 1866, has fitted herself for teaching, attended college at Carthage, and has taught in Joshua and Deerfield Townships; Amelia M., born February 26, 1868, has taught in Deer- field and Cass Townships for tvvo years, and has also taken a term of instruction in shorthand and typewriting at Dixon; Maggie M., born March 19, 1871, has been attending the Northern Normal School at Dixon; William E., born January 24, 1877, died February 12 the same year. Immediately after his first marriage Mr. Erb rented a farm from his father, occupying it iwo years, after which he removed to Adams County. He remained there until 1867, then returned hither and bought land on section 13. Deerfield Township. In 1886 he purchased thirty acres jidjoiiiing the PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 703 farm on the north, and took up his residence upon the new tract, where he has since made his liomc. He has a fine frame house, and in many wajs im- proved the place. The land, most of whicli lie lias cleared and improved, consists of one hundred and ■ five broad acres from which a good support is ob- tained anirector, in which he served failhfnlly. During the Civil War;Mr. Erb was drafted, and paid $900 for a substitute. « IfelLLIAM C. S.MITH. Fulton County fur- \rJ/l nished its full quota of noble men to the rank W^ and file of the Union Army, among whom our subject occupied an honorable place. He is now prosperously pursuing agriculture in Farmers Town- ship, where he has a farm comprising one hundred and forty-three acres, upon which has been erected a substantial, roomy residence, a good granary and such other buildings as are needed on a moilcru estate. Wayne 'County, Ohio, was the birthplace of Mr. Smith and the date of his birth August 28, 1840. His parents, George B. and Maria (Spangler) Smith, came to Illinois from the Buckeye .State in 1856, accompanied by their family of four children, of whom our subject was the eldest. They spent the ensuing winter in Piatt and La Salle Counties, and in the spring of 18.57 Mr. Smith came to Far- mers Township, this count3', and for a number of years was engaged in farming as a renter. He finally bought a tract of land and in the course of years opened up a valuable farm, making all the improve- ments and adding to it from time to time. Here his carlhlv career was brought to a close, his death rounding out an upright and honest life. His widow, who i.s now seventy-one years old, slill oc- cupies the old hf)mestead and has about fifty acres of land. Our subject was one in a family of seven chil- ilien. and he pass.ed his earl\- life on a farm until the age of twerit\--two years. At that time the great Civil War was raging between the North and South. He was intensely interested in watch- ing its progress and August 7, 1862, enlisted in Company A. One Hundred ami Thirty-third Illi- nois Infantry, and was with his regiment until he was disabled by a wound received in the line of duty. After his enlistment he went to Peoria and in October, with his fellow-soldiers, was dispatched to Cairo, where they took passage on a boat for Columbus, Ky. At the latter place they embarked on a train for Jackson and Bolivar, and thence went on a raid against the rebels in the direction of Holly Springs. Thc^' afterward went on the Cof- feeville march with Gen. Grant, and in the spring went by steamer to invest Vicksburg. landing on the banks of the Yazoo River and going from there to the rear of Vicksburg, taking an active part in the campaign of that city. After it fell our subject's regiment went to Jackson after the rebel Gen. Johnston, and had a hard fight in taking the place, .assaulting the works and taking them by storm. Our subject then returned to Black River and in the fall of 1863 he was sent with his regiment to reinforce the Armj' of the Cumberland and took part in all the engagements to the taking of Savannah, Ga., among them being the battles of Chattanooga, Buz- zard's Roost, Peach Orchard and the siege and capture of Atlanta. Mr. Smith was accidentally wounded by an axe in the hands of his brother. They were cutting a tree, standing on the opposite sides, when the axe slipped off the handle and sunk into our subject's left ankle making a very severe wound. He after- ward accompanied his regiment on the march to the sea and taking a boat went to Bcaufoit, S. C, and landing there marched up the country and was present at the surrender of Johnston. After that they proceeded to Richmond, thence to AVashing- ton, where our subject took part in the Grand Re- view. one of the finest military displays of modern 704 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. times. He wns mustcrei out at Louisville, Ky., and sent to Cliicago; here he received his discharge papers Jul}- 7, 1865. He Tpas in the army three years, lacking one month, and liislmilitary record was that of a courageous, lo\al soldier, ^ho did his duty in whatever position he occupied regardless of the consequences to himself. A very important event in the life of Mr. Smitli was his marriage, in 1865, to Miss Elizalieth Cam- ron, their union being celebrated at the bride's home. Mrs. Smith is the daughter of James and Elizabeth Camron, old settlers of this count}-. Seven children have been born of the union of our subject and his wife, namely : Samantha E., Lewis M., Mary .Tane, limina May, .John A., Perry and Charles. The latter three died when j^oung. Sa- mantha is the wife of Henry^Chenoweth. Upon the farm where thej-jUow^^Iive Mr.^and Mi-s. Smith settled about 1868, he having bought thirty- eight acres of it at that time. Hejhas added lo it bj' subsequent purchase until he has one hundrcil and forty-three aci-es of choice farming land, which is well developed and supplied with substantial im- provements, making it one of the most desirable estates in the county. He votes with the Repub- lican party. Although devoting his time mostly to private duties and not caring much for ^public life he has yet served successfully as Commissioner. His principles are above; reproach and in him the Baptist Church finds one of its most sincere and upright members. WILLIAM H. SMITH, one of the leading agriculturists and stockmen of Pleasant _, ^ Townsliip. is a native of the county and well known as a son of an old pioneer. The pros- perity of a place depends in such a great measure upon the business men who reside there, that a sketch of a prominent man is at all limes an agree- al)le thing to read, especially when he has won suc- cess in his chosen line of work. Our subject was born in Fulton County, Decem- ber 19, 1844, .and is the son of Samuel and Sarah Smith, natives of Virginia. The mother died when our subject was in his seventh year, the father after he was eighteen \enrs of age. His parents moved from their native State to Illinois as early as 1834, residing first at Rock Island, and about the year 1840 came to Fulton County where they located on section 12, Pleasant Township. They were numliered among the pioneers of that place, and did much to advance its business. To them were born six children, of whom three are living at the present writing, viz: Mary, wife of Henry Miller, of Pleasant Township; AVesley, who makes his home in Oklahoma, and William II. subject of our sketch. The father was a strong Democrat, and being an exceedingly public-s|iirited man, was interested in all worth}- matters that tended to the improvement of the county, or the elevation of society. Hf was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and in his death the county lost one of its most promi- nent and respected citizens. The subject of our sketch passed the years in- tervening between childhood and man's estate in his native place, and is thus familiar with every phase of pioneer life and the marvelous changes that a few brief yeai's have wrought in this section of the country. Being reared on a farm, and at a time when the ediicalional facilities were poor, he received only a fairly good education, securing none of the "higher education" given under our present school system alike to rich and poor, throughout the length and breadth of the United States. AVhcn nineteen years of age he went to Montana, where he engaged in gold-mining, freighting and cattle-raising for a period of ten years. His success was great from a financial stand- point, but he preferred his native place and re- turned to Pleasant Township where he has since contiuued to reside. The subject of our sketch was mariied on March 23, 1871, to Miss Sarah Thompson, daughter of Anthony Thompson, who lived in Woodland Township. This union has been blessed with five children, viz: William, Addie, Harry. Clyde and Cora. Mrs. Sn\ith was born September 6, 1854; lier parents were among the early settlers of Wood- land, where they made their home until the father died in 1870. They were the parents of nine chil- dl'en, of whom the followingare now living: ■\lar\'. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 707 wife of Enoch Thompson, of Pleasant Township; Benjamin, who lives in Woodland Township; Nanc;^', wife of John Hogan a resident of INIcDon- ough Connty, III. ; Sarah, Mrs. Sniitli; .lane, wife of Harvey Shelley, who lives in Woodland Town- ship; and Martlia, wife of Thornton Barrel of MeDonongh County. Mrs. Thompson was born in Indiana, and came with lier parents. Kinzic and Katie Shields, to Fnlton County when only four years of age. Her father was a native of Ohio, ami came to this county at an early date. Tiiey were both members of the Missionary Baptist Church. Our subject owns a valnable estate embracing three hundred and twenty acres of highly culti- vated land, and has a fine residence and substantial barns. He commenced in life on his own account when young and has had no assistance in fighting bis waj' up to prominence. He is a member of the Democratic party, and of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows at Ipava. He is one of tiic repre- sentative farmers of Pleasant Township, and makes a specialty of raising Short-horn cattle and Poland- China hogs. Indeed, as one of the most intelligent and progressive agriculturists in this part of the country, Mr. Smith is held in highest esteem, and has the confidence of all who knew him. -4— -^^ ■if? OHN G. HORNSTEIN is a member of the enterprising firm of Hornstein, Bolton & Co., of Canton, who are among the leading ((^1/ brick manufacturers of the county. He is a native of Crawford County, Pa., and was born November 24, 1836, to Adam and Rosanna (Darr) Hornstein. His father was a farmer and of Ger- man descent, and both he and his wife spent their last da3's in Pennsylvania. They were the parents of three children, of whom John G. was the eldest. The boyhood days of our subject were passed in his native county and he gained his early knovvl- edge of books in the primitive log schoolhouse. In his youth he began to learn the trade of a machin- ist and that of a stationary engineer. On the com- pletion of his apprenticeship he drifted westward to Quincy, in this State, in the j'ear 1 855 and in that city worked at his trade several years. He finally went from there to I'eoria where he was en- gaged as engineer in a distillery. Our subject is one of the brave veterans of the late war, serving long and honoralily in defense of his countr3^ He enlisted in the month of Jul}-, 18G1, as a member of Comiiany K, Seventh Illinois Cavalry, which was assigned to the Army of the Mississippi then commanded by Gens. Pope and Grant. JMr. Hornstein look part in several battles and engagements and proved to possess excellent soldierly qualities. He served in the battles of New Madrid, Mo.; Inka, Miss., and other battles, and remained with his regiment until October, 1864, when he was honorably discharged at Spring- field, 111. Returning to Canton after his experiences of war and bloodshed, our subject was employed l)y J. H. McC'all to run the engine in his distillery and in connection operated a fiouring-mill for several years. He finally purchased an interest in the dis- tillery,' associating hiins-elf with Charles Rajmond under the firm name of Raymond & Co., and to- gether they managed the distillery for two j'cars. Mr. Hornstein then purchased the entire interest in the business and had it under his control for some years, when he sold the distillery to the whisky trust. Previously, however, Mr. Hornstein had become interested in the brick business under the firm name of Hornstein, Bolton & Co., and commenced the manufacture of brick of a superior quality. The members of this firm still continue together and there has been no change in the name of the com- pany. They have the best of machinery and material and produce a superior quality of brick for which they find re.ady sale. In 18H7 the company added to their works the dry-press brick machine, tlnis greatly increasing their facilities for carrying or. business, which is conducted after the best modes. TheJ' have been burned out twice but have rebuilt with improvements in each case, and now their works have a capacity of twenty-five thousand bricks per day. Their yards are located in the northwestern part of the city near the old distillery plant. 708 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. Mr. Hornstleu has been twice married. First in January 18()5, he was wedded to Miss Elizabeth M. Slocum, of Canton, and a daughter of Stephen P. Slocun). She departed tiiis life in 1868, leaving one son — Fred S. The marriage of our subject to his present wife, formerly Miss Grace S. Raymond, took place in 1872. Mrs. Ilornstein is a daughter of John and jSIargaret P. Raymond, and she was born in London. England. She was seven years of age when she came to this country. Mr. Hornstein is a man of social proraiuence and is a member of Morning Star Lodge No. 734, A. F. & A. M., also of Peoria Chapter No. 7, and of the Peoria Consis- tory of K. T. He and his amiable wife are in every way worthy of tlie high regard in which they are held, and at their attractive residence No. 3. AVest Illinois Street, they dispense a pleasant hospitality. A lithographic portrait of Mr. Hornstein appears L'lsewhere in this volume. cy wliich tliey lifted themselves to their present position of independence and wealth. Mr. Ilinderlitor was one of the "-itters" who sought gold in California. He and nine others crossed llie i)lains willi ox-teams and after travel- ing six months and eight da3-s arrived at Sacra- mento. He then went into liie mines for awhile, and subsequently secured a team and transported provisions to the mines. Ho made money by this enterprise and after » year on the Pacific coast re- turned home by the way of the Isthmus of Pan- ama, Nevv York, Pliiladelphia, Cincinnati and St. Louis. When he liegan life iiere. as before men- tioned he was very poor and had to depend entirely on his hands and head and the assistance of his good wife. Mr. Hinderliter and Miss Mary Ann Smith v/ere married in 184.3, and to her active cooperation he is greatly indebted for his present prosperit}-. Mrs. Hinderliter is a daughter of William and Sarah (Kline) Smith. The)' came here from Ohio and were early settlers of this count3^ living between Fairview and Ellisville. They are now deceased. They were the parents of eleven children of whom seven are still living. The wife of our subject was born in 1823 in Richland County, Ohio, of which her father was a pioneer farmer, and she was a lass of seventeen summers, when she accompanied her parents to Illinois in 1810. They were members of the Baptist Church and her f:ither was a stanch Democrat. We are glad to inscribe on these pages this ac- count of the successful career of our subject, as a perusal of this biography ni.ay afford encourage- ment to many young men who are just starting out in life with no other capital than an enterpris- ing and persevering spirit and a good capacity for steady labor. Mr. Hinderliter is a man of sturdy, roundabout common sense, rare judgment and good !)usiness tact. He is an exceptionally well-informed man, having been a great reader all his life and from books and observation has obtained a good practical education. One of his chief treasures is his good library, in wliieli he takes much pleasure. He and his wife are devoted members of the Ba|)tist Church, of which he is a Trustee and Deacon and they are both interested in the Sunday-school, and he has been Superintendent of the same. He has done much for the cause of local education and has been a School Director here in years past and Road Commissioner. In early life he was a Dem- ocrat, but at the breaking out of the war his sym- pathies were with the Republican party, though he lived in a strong Democratic neighborhood where Knights of the Golden Circle ruled, and since that time he has been a strong Rcjublican. During the war two of liis brothers served as soldiers. His brother Jesse, now a resident of Blandinsville, was a member of the One Hundred and Third Illinois Infantry. He was twice wounded, his arm being crushed the first time and the second time he was shot through the leg. His Iirother Samuel, a resi- dent of Highland, Wis., was in a Wisconsin regi- ment during the Rebellion. ^^^- m : OSEPH C. MORGAN, well known and hon- ored, is a native-born citizen of this county, arid he has here extensive farming interests. He has an attractive home in Harris Town- ship, adjoining the village of Seville, beauti- fully situated on an eminence overlooking Spoon River, and commanding a fine view of this pleas- ant country landscape. Our subject is a son of the late Dr. Darius T. Morgan, a pioneer physician of Fulton County, who was for many 3ears one of the leading members of his profession, till his death in Bushnell, III., in 1880. He was greatly esteemed, and his memory is honored by all who knew him; as much for his kindly acts of hand and he.irt, as for his great skill as a physician. He was a gentleman of broad ideas and of an investi- gating mind, and as such followed no prescribed limits in medicine. The Doctor left a wife and five children resid- ing in Bushnell. Among his sons is F. A. Morgan, commonly known as '"Bert," who is justly 710 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. celebrated for his phenomenal musical powers. An enthusiastic admirer and devoted friend, writes of him as follows: "With liim music is not an attain- ment hut an endowment. Nature has poured with laTish hand her musical treasures, rich and rare, out to him. She sits with liim at the instrument, guiding his hands, while from the kej-s pour forth the rich melod}-, grand harmonj- and concord of sweet songs, till the listener, carried beyond self, and in .consonance with the deep swelling, throb- bing, over-mastering emotions produced, finds him- self either crying or laughing in ecstatic delight. You feel that it is not human fingers that produce the harmony of poetry, the melody of song, the love of goils, the hate of devils, the whispering of zeph3-rs, the fur}' of storms, the despaiiing wail of the lost, with the innocent prattle of the child; the rushing torrent, and the babbling of the brook; the roar of battle, with the chiming of bells. It is more than music I It is a storj- of life, love, hope, fear, despair and death. The writer hereof was for several years associated with Bert, and has heard him in his various moods, often and often at the organ, produce music bj- inspiration, and can truly say. "Fair Calliope, the goddess of music, doth move him.' " Joseph C. Morgan, the subject of this biographical review, was born in this county November 21, 1847, and has passed nearl\- all his life here, living for many years in Marietta. When he was fourteen \ears of age he started in life for himself, working on a farm and teaming till he grew to manhood. He was then married to Miss Julia E. Fuller, a daughter of .\mos 8. Fuller, who was a well-known miller of this countv and is now a resident of Cuba. Mr. and Mrs. Morgan have no children, as their only child, a bo}-, died in infancy. This, the great sorrow of their wedded life, has but served to bind them closer together, and theirs is an example of true marriage. After he married, our suliject settled on his father-in-law's place on Spoon River, where he h.as opened up a fine farm by his own exertions. It is finely located, as before mentioned, and is only about forty rods from the village of Seville. Mr. ]\Iorgan also, owns another farm, which comprises one hundred and five acres, and is situated in Cass Township, just across the river and bridge near the Toledo, Peoria [. 713 tenlioii to agriculture since liis early life, ami understiinds well liow to make liis laiui and lal)or remunerative. February 21, liSCO, Mr. Ilinkle led to tlie hy- meneal altar Minerva F. Randolpl), tlie marriage ceremony lieing performed at llieMjride's home in Joshua Township. Mrs. H inkle is a daughter of John and Nancy F. (Rawalt) Randolph, whose history is outlined in the biography of tlieir son, Joiai F. Randolph, on another page in this volume. Mr. and Mrs. Randolph were among tlie earliest settlers in this count}', their location being in Joshua Town- ship, where their daughter Minerva was born July 4, 1837. There also the parents died, the mother at an advanced age. Mrs. Hinklc is an estimable woman, in whose companionship her husband finds his chief delight, and whose good qualities are ap- preciated by many friends. Mr. Hinkle has held the offices of Highway Com- missioner and School Trustee, serving in the latter capacity several years. In politics he is a Repub- lican, and in his religious views, liberal. He is public-spirited, deeply interesteil in all movements whicli promise to advance the uiaterial or moral prosperity of the citizers. He weighs carefully all matters brought before him for consideration, and when once he has arrived at a decision is firm in adhering to the same. His fellow-men hold him in good repute as a man of intelligence, u|)righlness and cordial spirit. R. L. A. ROBISON. On the opposite page will be noticed a portrait of this prominent and successful |)hysician at Canton. Now that the world is so fidl of ''bread-winners," strug- gling each to secure the prizes allotted to industry and ability, a man must possess both talent and in- domitable energy to win fortune's smiles and fa- vor. Once, when educational advantages were limited to the children of wealtlij' parents, -com pe- tition in the professional circles was not nearly so fierce as in this age, when public schools place the best instruction within the reach of all. And this very competition has been the means of securing unlimited benefit to humanity, in that it h»s quickened the faculties, and given rise to many- new theories. Dr. Robison was born near Oberlin, Ohio, May 21, 1853, and the brightness and beauty of his natal month seem somehow to have lingered always in his pathway, and brought him much of the "good the gods provide." The Robisons are of Irish de- scent, inheriting, therefore, the natural wit so pe- culiarly characteristic of those born in'the Emerald Isle. His parents were Jacob W. and Martha (Leonard) Robison, natives of Pennsylyania, and to them were born sii children, viz :" [Barbara, Mary A., William L., Elizabeth, John L. and L. A. They were married in their native State and at a later date moved to Ohio, but returned to Penn- sylvania while the subject of our sketch was an in- fant. The father was a contractor by trade and a ver\' successful man. Our subject having received a Qrst-class educa- tion, taught school for a time but failed to find the supposed pleasure in that profession. For a while he was employed as time-keeper for I he Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, and was afterward engaged in working for the leading mines in the State of Pennsylvania. However, his natural tendency was towards a professional life, and he commenced to study medicine under the instructions of Dr. J. F. Holbert. After about a year and a half devoted to constant study he entered the University of Medicine in New York City. He also attended the Medical College at Louisville, Ky., and upon a State Board certificate practiced through the West. Finally after graduating with high honors at the College of Medicine and Surgery at Cincinnati, on February 20, 1888, he located at Breeds, Fulton County. During the winter of 1889 and 1890 Dr. Robison received instruction in Chicago, and on the 1st of March removed to Canton, where he at once established an extensive and lucrative prac- tice, and is held in the highest esteem. The Doctor was married at Breeds on June 21, 1884, to Miss Grace Tabor, daughter of Reuben and Jane (Arnold) Tabor, and a native of Rhode Island. Their union has been blessed with one child — Mary Alma, who is at the present writing an 714 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. infant. Our subject's kinsmen have always been de- vout ehurcli members, and lie wris offered a liberal education in tlic ministrj- of the Baptist Church. Tliis he declined, not because ho failed to appre- ciate the benefits it implied, but simply because, as a '"Free Thinker," he could not conscientiouslj' ac- cept the same. Indeed, he has let pass several ex- cellent opportunities of this kind, being a strictly honorable man, and consequently opposed to as- suming wliat he could not believe. In politics he is a Democrat. ~^t^^- ON. SAMUEL P. CUMMIXGS. This i, county is the home of quite a number of men who were thrown upon their own resources at an earl>' age, and whose natural ajitness and energy were developed and strengthened by contact with the world, resulting in making their lives more than ordinarily successful in worldly prosperity and winning respect. Among this num- ber is the Hon. S. P. Cumraings of Astoria, who has not only attained a competency but has won an houor.able record in legislative halls, on the judi- cial bench and as a private citizen. Heredity is so im)jortant a factor in life that it may be well before noting the chief incidents in the career of our subject to make brief mention of the family history. His grandfather, McDonald Cummings, a native of Scotland, was gradu.ated at Edinburgh and joined the King's army as sur- geon. He accompanied the troops to America in Colonial times but on the breaking out of the Revo- lution, took sides with the Colonists to whom he gave his services in the same capacity which he had filled in the British Army. After the war the State of Massachusetts granted him land near Saco, then included in that State. There he spent his last years in the practice of his profession. He reared four sons, among them being Nathaniel, the father of our subject. That gentleman was born in Saco and when quite j'oung turned to a seafaring life, finally be- coming a vessel owner. He was Captain of the brig "Liberty" sailing between Boston and Liver- pool and half owner of her when she was wrecked December 24, 1801. The crew and passengers were saved and some of the latter commemorated the event by having pitchers made in Liverpool with a picture of the brig on eacli side, one repre- senting the vessel fully rigged and the other with the deck swept of all its rigging. The date of the disaster was also engraved upon the [(itchers. After the loss of the vessel Capt. Cummings re- tired from the sea and gave his attention to teach- ing navigation, residing in Saco until his death, in 1827. His widow survive:! until 1868, when she too entered into rest. She was known in her maidenhood as Sarah Junkens, was a native of Saco, and became the mother of nine sons and one daugh- ter, of whom the only survivors are Ste[)hen aud our subject. The father of Mrs. Cummings, Capt. Paul .Tunkens, was a native of Ireland and had command of a vessel in the merchant marine ser- vice, running from Salem, Mass., tu Liverpool. He was a prominent member of the Congregational Church in Saco, in which town lie breathed his last. The subject of this biographical notice was born February 5, 1818, in Saco, York County, Me., where he spent the early years of his life and re- ceived such an education as was possible before he was obliged to do for himself. He was about nine years old when his father died and some three years later struck out in life, being employed at v.arious occupations until he was fifteen. He then went to Portland to learn the trade of a tailor, and after serving .an a|)i)renticeshi[) of three years started in business in his native town, although he was still "only a bo}'." He continued his occupation there until 1 840, when he started for Illinois by the route considered the most expeditious at that time. This was bj' steamer to Boston, by rail to Fall River, by steamer via Long Island Sound to New York, where a change was made to a river boat which carried him to Albany, whence he jour- neyed over the Eric Canal to Buffalo and there cm- ■ barked on a steamer bound for Chicago. There was so much ice in the lakes thatthe boat stopped at Cleveland and Mr. Cummings pursued his journej' by stage to Cincinnati and thence on the Ohio, Mississippi and Illinois Rivers to this county. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 715 Leaving the steamer at Sharp's Landing he miicle his way to Astoria, then a village of but a dozen buildings, two only being frame. There was one store and a blaoksmith-shop and a hotel kept in a log building. Mr. Cuminings concUided to locate in a larger place and going to Lewistown, the county seat, opened a tailor shop in which he carried on busi- ness three years. At the expiration of that time he located on a tract of wild land, built a dwelling and devoted his time to clearing the land and till- ing the soil until 1852. He then formed a partner- ship with Robert McClelland and engaged in the mercantile business in Astoria, since which lime he has been continuously interested in tliat pursuit, although not actively engaged in the labors con- nected therewith. In 1862 he assisted in raising the Eighty-flfth Illinois Infantry, and received a Major's commission, serving with the troops in Kentucky and Tennessee. He participated in the battles of Perry ville. Stone River, and other smaller engagements, and served with credit until honor- ablj' discharged on account of disability. The marriage of Mr. Cummings was celebrated August 25, 1840, his bride being Miss Lucy M. Durell. This estimable lady was born in Kenne- bunk, York County, Me., December 3, 1818, her parents, Eliphalet and Jane (Merrill) Durell, being also natives of the Pine Tree State and numbered among the pioneers of this county. Mr. and Mrs. Cummings have six children, namely: Eliza, wife of John W. Greene, a merchant in Astoria; Mc- Donald, a merchant in Lewistown; Emma, wife of William Scripps, of Astoria; Susie, wife of Darrow Waggoner, of Astoria; Henry Orleans, an attorney- at-law in Springfield; and William, who is engaged in the hardware business in Lewistown. The up- right and useful lives of these sons and daughters reflect credit upon the parents to whom they owe so much for loving care and good counsel, and their intelligence and good bleeding make them popular in the best society of the towns in which they live. The political afliliation of Mr. Cummings has alwajs been with the Democratic party. He is a member of the Democratic State Central Commit- tee-at-large and had been a delesjate to all the State conventions for upward of thirty years. In 1876 he was delegate to the National Convention at St. Louis. He served as Justice of tiie Peace for thirty years, and in 1877 was elected County Judge. He was first sent to the State Legislature in 1858, re-elected in 1860, and again elected in 1870; two years later lie was elected to the State Senate and afterward returned to the House. In 1869 he was a member of the Constitutional Convention. His great popularit3' is also indicated by the fact that he served twenty-two years as Su- pervisor, being Chairman of the County Board eighteen 3'ears. His record is that of a man inter- ested in public improvements, liberal in his views regarding appropriations, but averse to extrava- gance or fraud. Socially, Mr. Cummings is a member of Astoria Lodge, No. 100, F. & A. M.; Stapleton Chapter No. 9, R. A. M., and Rushville Commaudery No. 56, K. T., in the latter of which he is Past Eminent Commander. The energ}' of his character and the force of purpose inherent in his nature are appar- ent at a glance. He sees at a glance the difficult point in any question and as readily sees the means that must be adopted to carry it. Stanch in princi- ples, clear in perception and decided in character, he deserves the good things which have come to him, and the high character for probity which years of intimate business and social acquaintance have brought him. ., : sg^Mi^c : . VffOHN KINGERY, deceased, was a valued citizen of Joshua Township. He was a brave officer in the late war and although he did If/ not die on the battle-field, just as surely gave up his life for his country, as his death was caused by disease contracted while in the army. ]Mr. Kingery was born November 8, 1824, in Washington County, Md. When he was about eleven years old he accompanied his father and mother to Montgomery County, Ohio. His parents resided there several years, but finall3' came to Illi- nois in the fall of 1852 and located among the pioneers of this county. Our suljject early learned 716 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. the trade of a carpenter and pursued it as long as lie remained iu Ohio. In the spring of 1853 he followed his parents to this county. After remain- ing in Illinois a short lime he returned to the Buckeye State. He was there when hostilities broke out between the North and the South. He watched the progress of the war with intense inter- est, and as soon as he was able, cast in his lot with the other patriotic citizen-soldiers who had gone forth to aid in fighting their country's liattles. He enlisted as a private in Company E, Ninety-fourth Ohio Infantry. He displayed fine soldierly quali- ties which attracted the attention of his superiors, and he was promoted from the ranks to the posi- tion of Sergeant. Subsequently liis gallant conduct on the field of battle was duly recognized by his promotion to be Second Lieutenant and at the time of his resignation he was First Lieutenant of his company. He took part in manj' hotly-contested buttles, among which we maj' mention those of Perrysviile and Stone River. He has often related to his devoted wife an(i his many interested friends his miraculous escape from death on the Sunday morning preceding the latter engagement when so many of tlie brave boys in blue fell to rise no more. Our subject was obliged, much to his regret, to resign liis commission in 18G3 and retire from the army on account of disabilitj-, and he was honorably dischai'ged July 25, after serving his countrj' with the utmost fidelity and efficiency. He returned to his home in Ohio, and on the 1st of December, 1863, again took up his residence in Fulton County an.i from that time was identified with the interests of Joshua Township until his untimely death, Decem- ber 30, 1889. Those qualities which made him a good soldier added to the value of liis citizenship. He was a thoroughly practical man, of sturdy habits and excellent character, aiul in his deatli not onl}- his family sustained a loss but the com- munity at large. While he was a citizen of Mont- gomery County, Ohio, he was active iu its public liCe and served one term as Justice of the Peace. Mr. Kingery was happ3' in his domestic relations, securing by his marriage on the 20th of September, 1849, with Miss Eliza J. Cosier, of Montgomery Count}. Ohio, a true and devoted wife. Their marriage was blessed to them by the birth of three children, and the following is the record of the two now living: Laura Anna was born January 10, 1852; Jessa, June 24, 1857. Laura A. married Syl- vester Abbott and resides some six miles from her mother's home. Mrs. Kingery now lives on the farm that she owned at the death of her husband. She is a woman of superior sense and capability and al- though somewhat advanced in life, being now sixty-three years old, still |;reserves her wonted physical vigor and is managing her farming inter- ests in a business-like way. :^;=8Si=i=^ J— AMUEL C. MAR\'EL is the proprietor and manager of a first-class liver}^ and feed stable on the corner of Pine and White Streets, Canton. A fine two story brick building, well and comfortablj^ arranged, afifords shelter for a number of fine horses, a good supply of buggies, cariiages, and the various appurtenances belonging to the business in which Mr. Marvel is now well established. Our subject is tlie eldest son of William F. and Mary Ann (Cratli) Marvel, who, soon after their marriage, removed from Ohio to Knox County, III. They are still living, being now residents of Joshua Township, this county. Both were born in the Buckeye State^ They are the parents of six children besides our subject. Cynthia is the wife of Samuel Shrader, of Joshua Township; Wilson S. is a resi- dent of Knox County; Sarah F. married Ed Crowl, of Joshua Township; Martha J. is the wife of Frank Lewis, of Fairview Township; John and Henry re- side with their parents. Our subject is a native of Knox Count}', having been born in the vicinit}' of Shintown November 10, 1852. He was reared as are most farmers' sons, early acquiring a practical knowledge of agricul- tural pursuits, and securing a fair education in the school held in the vicinitj'. He attended the Lone Elm schoolhouse. After reaching manhood he still remained under the shelter of his father's roof until he had reached his twenty-fifth year, when 'Si- A '^^rn^no^^n^ £^^^^ ';f '%; - 'j.>- '"■ ■■ c/^2^-^^^2-L4/ G,£-^L^ PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 721 he established a home of his own. Locating on a farm in Joshua Township he pursued the vocation of a general farmer until 188(5, when he sold his stock and jiersonal effects and removed to Canton. He had not lived in that city lon<)- ere he had instituted the business in whicii he is [irospering as his energy deserves. In the worii of establishing his iiomc IMr. Marvel was ably assisted by liis wife, who bore tlie maiden name of Elizabetii Rhodorraer. She is a daughter of Daniel Rhodornier, who came to this county from New Jersey and located in Fairfield Township. Mr. and Mrs. Marvel have three children — Mazie L., Pliebe 1). and Leslie Cleveland — who form an interesting and attractive group. Mr. Marvel has served one term as Tovvnship Collectcn-, faithfully discharging his d'uties, although he has no pre- dilection for public life. He is a member of Morn- ing Star Lodge, No. 734, A. F. & A. M., and his wife belongs to the Eastern Star Lodge. Politically, Mr. Marvel is a stanch Demttcrat. \1?AMES ELLIS. This venerable gentleman is distinguished in the annals of Vermont, as one of its earliest settlers, and the oldest witliin its bounds. He still owns the greater part of the land which he purchased from the Government, fifty-five years ago, and has placed it under a liigh state of cultivation. It is within the corporate limits of the village, and here his declin- ing years are quietly and pe.aeefuUy passing in a comfortable home in the enjoyment of the compan- ionship of his family and his faithful wife who has been his true and devoted helpmate for more than half a century. Mr. Ellis was born February 14, 1810, in that part of Henry County, now included in Oldham County, Ky. His father, Joshua Ellis, was a na- tive of Virginia, and his giandfather, John Ellis was, it is thought, l)orn in England. He spent liis last years in Goochland County, near Richmond, Va. Tlie father of our subject was reared in Virginia, and went from there to Kentucky when a young man, making the journey across the mountains on horseback. He bought a tract of timber, land in what was then Henry County, and built a log house, in which humble dwelling the subject of this sketch was born. The father cleared quite a tract of land, and resided there till his death.. 'I'he maiden name of his wife was Catherine Powers and she also died on the home farm. She was an adept at spinning and weaving and clothed her childien in homespun garments. They were pioneers in a sparsely settled country, and Louisville, twenty- five miles distant, was the nearest market for sup- plies. James Ellis, of this sketch, grew to man's estate in his native county, and lived with his parents till he was twenty-two years old. Then, a stalwart and able-bodied young man, he started out in life on his own account, and going to Jefferson Count^'i secured a situation as superintendent of a farm. In 1835 he paid his first visit to Illinois, making the entire journey to and from Jefferson County on horseback. He visited the present site of Ver- mont, but at that time there was no village here, and there were but few settlers in all the township. The land not held as military land was held by the Government, and was for sale at $1.25 per acie. He bought a "squatter's claim" to a tract of timber which is included in his present farm, and afier re- mnining a few d.ays returned to Kentu'.-ky. In 1837 Mr. Ellis again started for this State, taking his family with him and making the journe3' overland to their future home. The family, with the exception of Mrs. Ellis, who rode on horse- back, came in a wagon drawn by a |)air of horses, to their destination, arriving after three weeks' travel. There was a log cabin on the land, into which the family moved. It was built of round logs, and had an earth and stick chimney. The country was in a very wild condition, was thinly inhabited, and deer, wild turkeys ami other kinds of game were plentiful. There were no railways here for 3'ears after the family located here, and all produce was drawn to Browning's and Sharp's landings, fourteen miles distant, and from there' shipped to St. Louis. Our subject's means were very limited, but he had been reared to habits of industry, and w.as en- ergetic and ambitious, so that by yeais of hard toil 722 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. he aceomplislied tbo pioneer task of evolving a good and highly productive farm from the wihlerness. He was so»n enabled to rephico the rude cabin by ,1 hewed log house, later erected a frame house, in wliich he and liis family lived a few 3'ears. and he then built his present more commodious resi- dence. He has lived to see tiie country develop from its wild state to a wealthy and well settled community, and it may well be his pride that he has been a factor in i)ronioLing its growth. May 27. 1832. Mr. Ellis and Miss Armon Evins. daughter of Joseph and Elizabeth (Nash) Evins, natives of 'J'ennessee and Virginia, respectively, conti-acted a marriage that has been blessed to both of them. For fifty-eight j-ears thej- have traveled life's road together, sharing its joys and dividing its sorrows, and giving to the people around them an example of true wedded bliss. They have had nine children, of whom three are living: Martha Emily, now- Mrs. DeFrain : Rachel (Mrs. Barthol- omew), and Armon J. Their household circle is now composed of their daughter Armon, their granddaughter, Julia E. Pugh, and their grand- son, Frank E. Pugh. The two latter are not brother and sister, but cousins. Miss Armon and Miss Julia are finely educated and highh- accom- plished, and are successful teachers. The young man is also highly educated, a fine conversation- alist, and possesses a marked talent for music. Mr. and Mrs. Ellis are true Christians, and are esteemed and consistent members of the Regular Baptist Church, with which she has been connected for the long period of sixty-three years and he for forty j-ears. Their pleasant ways, kind hearts and man}- good deeds have won for them a warm place in the hearts of their many friends, who will be pleased to notice their lithographic portraits on an- other page. o«o ^^EORGE K. MONTGOMERY. It has been often said that invincible determination will accomiilish any desired result, and already are the effects of its constant exercise visible in the life of this gentleman, who, although one of the vouno^est of the citizens represented in our Albu.m .^=95 EC has won a respected jjosition for himself in the communitj' by reason of his industry, perseverance and genial nature. He possesses exceptional wortii and talent, and. is a fine type of the native-born citizen of Fulton County. He stands on the threshold of life and h.as good reason to look forw,ard to a bright and honored future. April 2G, 1869, w.as the rl.ate of the birUi of Mr. Montgomery, and also of his Ijrother, James, a re- view of whose life is given in connection with this personal sketch. In Farmington Township, Fulton County, where our subject was born, he was also educateil in the common sciiools and reared to a stalwart manhood. He passed the winter season in attendance at the district schools, while the summer was devoted to labor on the farm. At an early age he displayed ability in the use of tools and in the operation of machinery, and in the fall of 1889, engaged in work as a carpenter under M. C. Coyan, a contractor and builder of Corning, Ohio, and helped to erect the twelve miners' houses at Middle Grove, 111. Feeling it the dut\- of every true citizen to keep himself well posted on the duties of American citizenship, cur subject provides himself with such agencies of enlightenment as the press furnishes, in the w.ay of periodicals, books and newspapers. lie takes great interest in national and local afifairs, and aspires to do all he can to improve the social and material condition of the country at large and of his community in particular. He gives his hearty support to the Republican part}-, and expects as soon ,as possible to aid it not only by his voice, but also by the ballot. James Montgomery, the twin brother of our sub- ject, possesses more than ordinary ability, being one of the youngest men entitled to representation in a volume containing lives of the prominent citizens of Fulton County. He and his brother. George, are the youngest in a family of eleven children, eight of whom grew to maturity, and arc now living. In this community, where he has thus far passed his life, he is well and favorably known, as a young man of worth and honor. He is a great reader and keeps himself thoroughlv acquainted with all the important issues of the dav. Tlie brothers are especially skillful in the use of PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 7'23 tools and machinery, anrl their home shows manj' evidences of their work and handicraft. Tiiey added to the ai)pearance of llieir residence b}- a handsome ])ortico in front, and placed a cupola on the liarn. For the past four years they iiave assumed tlie responsibility of carrying on their father's farm and success has crowned their efforts. The estate comprises one hundred anii sevent3--five acres, and here they are carrying' on general farm- ing with the skill of veterans and thr, thoroughness which only a careful study of their vocation can give. In his youth James Montgomery' had such ad- vantages as are to be obtained in the iniblic schools of that vicinity, but being a thoughtful reader and close student of affairs, national and local, he is well posted for one of his years. His intiuence stands for progress and protection of American in- dustries, and he will undoubtedly in future years fill many positions of responsibility and honor. Thomas Montgomery is the father of the gentle- man whose biographies are given above and is a pioneer citizen of Farmington Township, F^ilton County. He is at |iresent representing his town- ship on the County Board of .Supervisors, and has always labored for the development of the resources of the county. He is held in the highest esteem, and serves as Elder in the Presbyterian Church at Farmington, where ho and his family have held worthy membership many years. He is especially interested in Sunda3'-school work, and for a num- ber of years, has been t!;e efticienl Superintendent of the same. Thomas Montgomery comes of worthy .Scotch- Irish descent, and was born in Philadelphia, Novem- ber 26, 1828. his parents, William and Rachael Montgomery, being natives of Irelaid, whence they emigrated at an early date to America and located in Philadelphia. Of their union five chil- dren were bom. of whom Thomas was the second in order of birth and is now the eldest living. The father, William Montgomery, was by occupation a weaver and cotton manufacturer, and made ging- hams, flannels, cloak-patterns, etc. Coming to Illinois in I.Sao, he located in Fulton County, where he died at the adv.'mced nge of almost eighty ye.ars. The mother lived to be about the same age. They gave their son, Thomas, a common school education and trained him for a life -of usefulness. His first occupation was that of a weaver, although he has devoted his time principally to farming. On December 6, 1849, Thomas Montgomer3' and Miss lillizabetli Knouse were united in the holy bonds of wedlock. Mrs. Montgomery is the daugh- ter of William and Isabella (llolowell) Knouse and was born in Philadelphia September 30, 1828. Her mother was a Quaker and came from one of the earliest Pennsylvanian families, her father's ancestors originally came from Holland and were among that band of Dutch Reformed Presbyterians, that came to America at a very early d.ay and settled in the William Penn colony. Mrs. Mont- gomery is justly' proud of her illustrious ancestors, who participated in the early history of our coun- try and were patriotic and brave citizens. She is the third of the five children that grew up to years of maturity and passed her early life in Philadel- phia. Her grandfather fought in the war of Li- dependence, and her father in the war of 1812. To T'homas Montgomery and his estimable wife were born eleven children, eight of whom are liv- ing namely: Rachel, Elizabeth, Robert J. B., William E., Cecilia. Thomas C. George M. and James M. Rachel married Elam Bartholomew, and resides in Rooks Count3', Kan. Their children are named respectively: George E., Elmer T., Lizzie T., Jessie E., and I'larl R. F]lizabeth married Millard McComb and resides in McLean County, 111., they have one child, Nellie M.; Robert J. B., makes his home in Rooks County, Kan. He married Addle McCormick, and the_y have two children, Lizzie and Fannie. William E., who is also a resident of Rooks Country, Kan , is unmarried. Cecilia lives in Armourdale, Kan., and married John Fenk. They have one child, a son, Lloyd. Thomas C, who is unmarried, resides in Lake County, 111. George and James are at home. Politically, Thomas Montgomery is a strong Republican, and uniformly supports the can birth of two children, named respectively: Charlie G. and Mary I. The loving wife and mother was removed from her family by death,. January 1), 1887, in Flor- ida, whither she had gone in the hope of benefiting her health. She W!is an active member in the Meth- odist Episcopal Church, and one of those noble- hearted women wliose loss is felt throughout an entire community. Not only has Mr. Rohrer pursue! his chosen call- ing with energy, and brought to bear upon it a high degree of intelligence, but he has manifested an al- most equal amount of zeal for the public welfare. He may be counted upon to bear a part in every worthy enterjjrise which is promulgated in the neighborhood, being particularh^ interested in the advancement of the cause of education. This is rec- ognized by his fellow citizens, who have bestowed upon him the office of School Director, in which he is at present serving. He believes that the princi- ples laid down in the Republican iililform, are best adapted to the needs of the nation, and he there- fore votes a straight Rei)ublican ticket. — *- -#^-#^ "-^ ~OHN W. SCHRODT. The career of this gentleman has been marked with enterprise, industry and the well-directed efforts th.at have been rewarded by the accumulation of a considerable amount of land, and the machinery and stock necessary for carrying on a first-class farm. Mr. Schrodt is one of those German- Amer- ican citizens of whom we have reason to be proud, on account of the example they present of indus- try', moralit}' and good citizenship. He was boni in Hesse-Darmstadt, Februar}- 3, 1820, and was about eleven years old when his parents emigrated to America. He remained with them until he was ! fifteen years old, then went to learn tlie trade of a shoemaker at Hagerstown, Md. He worked at his trade until earl}' in 1847, when he married and es- tablished himself on a rented farm. In 1850 Mr. Schrodt pre-empted eighty-four and a quarter acres on section 7, Deerfield Township, this county, where he now resides. In 1869 he added thirty-six and a quarter acres on section 17, and ten years later became the owner of another eighty acres on section 7, together with forty acres ou section 8. His first purchase was covered with PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 733 a thick growth of timber, which he removed, plac- ino; the land under good improvement, ;is he has tliat whicli he lias since bonght. He now has about two hundred acres under fence, and one hundred and forty under cultivation, and is doing a general farming business. When he took up his abode here there were few neighl>ors, but now the conntr_y about hiin is well settled, and friends are quite near at hand. On February 7, 1847, ;\Ir. Schrodt led to the hy- meneal altar Mary C, daughter of I'liilip L. and Anna M. (Schnur) Mahr. Mrs. Schrodt was liorn in Hesse-Darmstadt, Germany, September .">. 1826, and her [larents were natives of thesiune province. Mr. and Mrs. Blaiir emigrated to America, making their home in the Buckeye State, where the hus- band died in 1850, and the wife in about 1853 gr 185t. Our subject and his good wife have nine living children and two deceased: John, the lirst-born, died when about a 3'ear old, and Wendel on March 11, 1884, at the .age of nineteen; Henry married Martha Stick, and lives in Deerlleld; Philip mar- ried Clam, Gardner, who died August 3. 1888; Jenny married William Knott, who died in 1884, and now makes her home in Deeriield Township; John M. took for his wife Delia INIelton, and makes his home in Lee Township; ilargaret became the wife of Henrj' Shaffer, their home being in Deer- field Township; Mar3' married David Laswell, and lives in Deeriield Township; George, Lewis P., and Catherine are still with their parents. Mr. Schrodt is a Democrat, but of l.atc years has taken but little interest in politics. He has been Road Commissioner and Schoul Director, elHcientiy discharging the duties of those oftices. He is a member of the Lutheran Church, in which he has held the office of Deacon. For more than live years he has been lame, and is therefore unable to attend church or go aboui as he would like to do. The parents of our subject were John and Mar- garet Schrodt, who emigrated from the Fatherland to America in 183L Ttiey landed at Baltimore, Jld., remained there about a year, then removed to W'estminster, and some time later went to Hagers- town. Their next removal was to Cliambersburg, Pa., iu which city they remained two ^cars and a half, then moved to Ohio. After sojourning in that State nearly ten j'ears. they came to this county and made their last settlement on section 10, Deer- iield Township. There the mother breathed her last December 12, LSG8, and the father, March II, 1870. OHN W. NEWELL. There is nothing of more interest to the general reader than a sketch of a gentleman w4io has won for liim- ^^Ml^ self both fame and fortune iu the battle of life, and according to this principle a brief account of Mr. Newell cannot fail to prove interesting. He ranks among the oldest and most successful citizens in Farmington, and is closely identified witli both the commercial and social [jrospeiity of this city. He is a man of sterling worth, and snperior intelli- gence, and was in his eaily years exceedingly active in all business pursuits. Having acquired a com- petency he no longer troubles himself with the noise and bustle of the c(jmmercial world, and is enabled, through ami)le means and high social position, to be of great service to the common- wealth. The subject of our sketch was born in Brownliig- ton, Vt., near the Canadian line, and belonged to a family of six children, viz: Orpliia, Roswell, .lolin Willard, Susan, Sarah and Clark, all of whom reached maturity, with the exception of Orphia, who died when seventeen yejirs old. At the present writing our subject and his sister Sarah are the only survivors. She is the widow of John H. W^estbrook, who was .an extensive lumberman at Port Huron, Mich., and makes her home iu B;iy City. Mich., having attained the great age of eighty- one years. Mr. Newell s father, Benjamin Newell, was born at Old Salem, near Boston, and like most of his family was engaged in ship building. 'Lhe Newells were English Puritans, and lived at Old Salem for several generations. (Jrandfather Newell took part in the Revolutionary W^ar, and such was his hatred for the English and the ••red men," that even when peace was restored it was diflicult to restrain him from shooting huliaiis when they crossed his path. 734 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. lie moved to Orford, N. II.. with his large fnmily, !iii(l Diir siibji'Cl's father married a hid\- in St. Johnshurg, ^'l.. :iu(l after marriage settled in Browningtoii. After several moves, he finally settled upon a farm in St. Clair County, Midi., where he continued to reside until his death, which was caused by an accident when he had reached his seventy- sixth year. The mother of our subject who, previous to her marriage, was Miss Mary Ide. was born in Rehobolh, Mass., and belonged to an induential family, among whom were many professional men, and several noted clergymen. They came originally from Kngland. Our subject was born December 21, 1804, and was a boy of about twelve summers when his parents moved to Ohio. Belonging to a family that considered an excellent education an essential feature of every life, he commenced to attend the public schools at an early age. Thus his boyhood was well and prosperously spent, near the pictur- esque and attractive shores of Lake Memphremagog, and in the bracing atmosphere of the Green Mountains. He was tausjht habits of industry, and after an apprenticeship of several years, was made foreman of a tannery at Paynesville. Ohio, immedi- ately after attaining his twenty-first year. Mr. Newell owed his appointment as foreman to his perfectly- abstemious habits, which he retained from youth to old age. He remained foreman for ten years, when his employer died, and he con- ceived the idea of going on a farm. Accordingly, in 1836, he started for Illinois, buying a horse and making the trip on horseback. He traveled over the old Chicago turnpike, and through Southern Michigan, making his way southwest from Michigan City and arriving at Canton June 30. Here he met the Rev. Robert Stewart, to whom he took a strong liking, and wishing to enjoy the religious privil- eges here offered, he concluded to settle in this community. The first purchase of Mr. Newell was two hun- dred acres of land four and one-half miles north- east of Canton. He knew nothing about farmings and being advised to buy timber lands, did so. He cleared one hundred and fifteen acres, improving the farm and starting an apple nursery, the first in the township. He soon discovered that the prairie lands were best adapted to this purpose, and selling out his nursery, bought a prairie farm of one hundred and sixty acres, three miles from Farm- ington. Later he purchased fort3' acres of timber land. In 18oo Mr. Newell again sold out and returned to Canton, where he lived nine years; thence re- moving to Farmington. where he has since lived. He was first married in 1838 to Miss Sarah Bond, daughter of Stephen Bond and a niece of Gen. Bond, of Pay-nesville, Ohio. The Bond family- came to Illinois in 183.5 and located in the Marchant settlement. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Newell were born two children. Samuel .and Clark, the latter dying when fifteen months old. Samuel resides on a farm in Peoria County, two miles from Farmington. He married Elizabeth M. Thompson, of Ellington, Conn., and to them was born one daughter, Sarah E. Mrs. Samuel Newell died when her daughter, Sarah E., was a babe of thirteen d.ays, and thj child was then taken into the home of her grandfather and has been there since. She has received the best of care from the second wife of our subject and is now a student at Knox College, from which she expects to graduate with the class of '92. Our subject was married a second time in 1857 to Miss Seliua Booth, whose [larents were natives of Connecticut. Her mother, who bore the maiden name of Clarissa Dewe}', was born near East Windsor, that State, and was married to Mr. Booth at Suflfleld. The father owned an estate of four hundred acres at P^ast Windsor, where he died when seventy-six y-ears of age. The mother passed away when sixty years olil. Their family' com- prised nine children who lived to manhood and womanhood. Mrs. Newell was reared on the home farm and at- tended the early schools of the district. At the age of seventeen years she entered Mt. Holyoke Sem- inary, where she took the regular course. In company with her sister Harriet she went to Iowa in 1845 and taught a select school in Farmington two years. Thence she removed to Toulon, 111., and organized a select school which was liter merged into the Toulon Academy. In 1850 she came to Farmington, this county, and taught in the high school, which vvas supported thrtiugh /U^riAM^ ' ^■^ 'T PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 737 private enterprise. It prospered from tlie first, and in 1853 Prof. Chiircliill, of Galesburo-, was culled as an assistant. He lias for the past thirty-six years been connected with Knox College as pro- fessor. Mrs. Newell made the acquaintance of our sub- ject while teaching- at Farmington. Slie had friends at a ladies' seminary in Henry, 111., and being fre- quently solicited to accept a position as teacher in that institution, she flnuUy accepted the offer, and went there in 1854, taking charge of the seminar3'. At that time there were about one hundred students attending the seminary. Mrs. Newell is a lady of rare intellectual endowments, and is conceded to be one of the most intelligent ladies of this cit}'. She reads extensively and possesses the happy faculty of retaining the information thus obtained. Her reputation as a teacher was extended, and she still keeps informed on all topics of general and local interest. Mr. Newell has been very prominently connected with the Congregational Church at Farmington and has helped to build one at Canton. He served as Deacon of the church in Canton eight years and in the Farmington Church twenty-live years, until on account of his deafness he resigned his charge. He has been Church Treasurer twenty seven years. Politically, he is a stanch Republican, and has voted the anti-slavery ticket since 1833, and still votes with the Republican party. He has lived a C^hris- tian's life, and now in his old age he is clieered by a Christian's hope. — 3"»-: ^=^EORGE HEMENOVER. One of the most III (— ^ finelj'-located farms in Canton Tt>wnsliipis '^^JJ owned and occupied by George Hemenover, whose reputation as an agriculturist is only excelled by his character as a man. The estate consists of one hundred and five broad acres on which may be seen a substantial residence of pleasing architect- ural design, and numerous buildings adapted to the need of a prosperous, enterprising farmer. This place has been the home of oui' subject since the spring of 1845,''and around it cluster memories of trials and pleasures, joys and sorrows. Januarj^ 8, 1818, the eyes of our subject opened tothe light, his birthplace being in New Jerse}', of which State his parents were natives. His mother, Margaret (Boj'd) Hemenover,'"died in that .State and his father, Mathias by name, near Prai- rie City, this county. He of whom we write w.as reared to'manhood in' his native State, continuing to res'de there until he was twenty-six]'years old. His father being'a farmer, he was bred to agricul- tural pursuits^which he has followed as a life work. In the summer of 1844 he^ came to this county, and within a few months was located where he still resides, and beginning the improvements which ^make ^his land one' of the most;' valuable pieces of property'in the vicinity. Mr. Hemenover Jias^[been twice married. The first marriage took place in New Jersey, December 17, 1841, his bride lieing Miss Susan Mills, ^with with whom he lived happily until December 22, 1878, when she entered into rest. She was a daughter of Robert and Mary Mills and] was of Irish descent. She was an active member of the Baptist Church, wearing lier icligion as an ever}-- day garment. The marriage was blest by the birth of eight children, six of whom lived to man- hood and womanhood. These are: Mary, now the wife of Fred Jones; Amanda, who married John Bell and died in Canton; Amos, a farmer in Mc- Lean] County; Surilda, wife of Daniel Shearer; pjmma, wife of Edwin Roe; and Andrew, a painter in Des Moines, Iowa. The deceased are Sarah, who died when nine months old, and George, who lived tojthe age of two years. The i)resent jMrs. Hemenover w.as born in Sus- sex County, N. J., July 18, 1830, to Samutl and and Charlotte ( Hinchman)']'Bhincliard. Her pa- rents were natives of the Empire State. They emigrated to Illinois, where the mother died, the father subsequently returning to New Jersey- where he breathed his last. Miss Eliza Blanchard, now Mrs. Hemenover, first married Loren Dun- ning, who died in Oskaloosa, Iowa, September 25, 1880, he being the father of six children — Phebe E. and Julia A., deceased; Charlotte A., James A., Samuel M. and Floyd E. After having remained 738 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. a widow until December 28, 1889, Mrs. Dunning lu'ciima the wife of our subject. Under Ler care llie home is neat ami orderly, well supplied with good cheer for the body and recreation for the iiiiiid. Mrs. Ilemenover has many friends who greatly enjoy their visits in her home. Mr. Ilemenover is identified witli the Rei)ublieaii |jarty. He is an active memlier of the Baptist Church to which he has belonged since 1846. He is a life member of the Baptist Theological Union, loi'ated at Chicago. His portrait, which is shown on another page, represents one of Fulton County's old sBttlers and esteemed citizens. GEORGE W. HORTON, a member of the County Board of Supervisors, is one of the s>^nd Lieutenant. December 31. 18(il. and May 12, 1862, was advanced to the position of First Lieutenant of his comjiany. For a few months in 18U2 lie was Regimental (.Quartermaster and Com- missary. Lieut, llorton veteranized in February, 1SG4, and served until the close of the war. His regiment tooU pa)t in eighteen regular liattles. and in many minor engagements. The most im|)ortant battles in which our subject fought were those at Pea Ridge, Chickasaw Bluffs. Tupelo, Miss., Franklin and Nashville, Tenn. In May, 186.n the war hav- ing closed, he resigned his commission and re- turned home. After his experience of military life our subject quietly resumed farming in Woodland Township, remaining there until 186S. We next hear of him in Hancock County, where he ijurchased a farm, on which he dwelt until 1872, when he sold it and went to California. There he was employed at his old trade of a carpenter, working in San Francisco six weeks, ami then in Goshen the same length of time, and from tliere he went to the Sierra Nevada Mfiuntains, where he was emploj'ed on the Central Pacific Railroad in building snow sheds and bfidge? until ,Ianuar\', 1873 After that he visited his old home for a few months, and in April went back to California, where he resided until the month of .luly. He then returned eastward as faras George- town, Colo., where he eng.aged in mining two years. At the expiration of that time he came back to this county and l)()Ught a homo in Astoria, and has re- sided here ever since. The first marriage of our subject, which took |)lace May 1, 1864, was to Mary Ann Saft'er, a na- tive of Woodland Township. She departed this life October 18, 1871, leaving four children — Will- iam S., Oscar .1., Clara E. and Albert S. Mr. llor- ton was married a second lime April 23, 1871), taking as bis wife Miss Sallie.I. McKim, a native of .Steubenville, Ohio. Mr. Horton is one of the sub- stantial citizens of Astoria; he is a man of large experience, possesses firmness of character, fore- thought andjsound common sense, and his fellow- citizens, recognizing the value of these traits in a civic ollici:il. h:ive often called him to (ill positions of trust and honor. He is at present serving his third term as a member of the County Board of Supervisors, I'cpresenting Astoria Township. He has served on the Village Board of Trustees and has been Collector two terms. Socially, be is connected with Astoria Lodge, No. 112, I. O. O. F. In his political affiliations he has alw.ays been a Democrat, and he cast his fii'st vote for Stephen A. Douglas. While a resident of Woodland he was elected .lustice of the I'eace in 1866. and in 1867 h(> was appointed Postmaster at Summum. IhiA. ADISON HEAD is identified with the leg.al profession of Fulton Count}' as an able lawyer, and is also closely connected with its agricultural interests, owning and man- aging a choice farm on sections 11 and 12, of Union Township, where he has a charming home. He has miiigled much in public life and his record as a civic oflicial is aliove reproach. Mr. Head is a native of the Empire Statl>, born in Tompkins County, .lanuary 13, 1829. John J. and Rhoda (Banker) Head were his parents; his father was born in Columbia County. N. Y., No- vember 30, 1802, and is now living in Avon, this State, at the venerable age of eighty-eight years. Our subject was reared on a farm, and from his father gained sound, practical knowledge of agri- culture in all its branches; he was given the advan- tages of a good education, which he improved as he was a fine scholar with a thoughtful turn of mind. He was graduated with honor from the Mecklenburg High School in 1847, and was thus well-equipped for any career he niiglit adojit. After leaving school he accepted a situation offered him by Madison Truman as clerk in his store in the village of Mecklenburg, and during the seven years that he remained with Mr. Truman lie gained a good insight into business and. the best modes of carrying it on, and at the expiration of that time was enabled to establish himself as a merchant, and for two yeai's was actively engaged in business on his own account. He then took into consideration 740 PORTRAIT A>'D BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. Horace Greeley's sententious advice. '• Go West, young man," and concluded to act upon it, con- vinced that here were broader fields for the exer- cise of his talents, or the carrying out of an}- enterprise in which lie might embark, and soon we find him pleasantly located in Virgil, this count}', and busily engaged in farming. In 1860 he turned his attention to the legal profession and read law with Henrj' Goodspeed, finished his studies with Biirrese (fe Grant, and was admitted to the bar in 1863. He immediately established himself in his profession in Avon, and in the ensuing j-ears built up a lucrative practice, which he conducted until 1872 in that place. While busy at his professional labors our subject had not forgotten his earl}- training as a farmer and his predilection for that noble calling, and in the year mentioned he again turned to it, without wholly abandoning the law, however, and was soon comfortably located on a farm on section 6, Ellis- ville Township. He remained there until 1881, when he purchased the farm on which he now re- sides, finely situated on sections 11 and 12, Union Township. It < ontains one hundred and sixty acres of tillable and well-cultivated land, supplied with a good class of buildings and every necessary ap- pliance for carrying on agriculture. January 15, 1853, Mr. Head was married to Sarah Soul, who died in the month of October, 1 863, after a wedded life of ten years. In August. 1864, our subject was a second time married, taking as his wife Mary E., daughter of Daniel Wright, of Avon. She is a consistent member of the Metho- dist Episcopal Church at Avon, and is in every way worthy of the respect accorded to her on all sides. Her union with Mr. Head has been blessed to them by one daughter, Myra S., who was born December 7, 1873, and resides with her father and mother. Mr. Head still engages in his profession although he devotes so much of his time to his agricultural interests, and is quite often employed as an attor- ney by tis neighbors and fellow-townsmen, who appreciate his legal knowledge and have every con- fidence in his ability and integrity, perhaps espe- cially so as the}' consider him a first-class farmer. He is a stalwart among the Republicans, and has frequently been called to positions of honor and trust. For a period of twelve years he was United States Commissioner, discharging the duties of his position with dignity and characteristic efficiency ; for eight years he was Justice of the Peace ; and he has been Township Assessor. --5B-S- ENKY LOCK is a respected member of the |; farming community (if this county. For thirty years he has owned and occupied his present farm of one hundred and sixty acres in .loshua Township. He has it under fine culti- vation, has placed upon it substantial improve- ments, and as the result of a hard, earnest, laborious life, has made here a cozy home, wherein he can pass his declining years in comfort, peace and hap- piness, free from the cares tiiat befct his younger days. Mr. Lock is of English birtii, born in Devon- shire in 1824. In the prime of a vigorous man- hood lie emigrated to America, hoping thereby to better his fortunes. Our subject was six weeks en voyage to this country; they were liecalmed four- teen days in the ice and the vessel lost her mast in a storm off Newfoundland. After landing on these shores he made his way to this State, settled in Peo- ria County, and the ensuing seven years w.as in- dustriously engaged in farming tiiere. When he first entered upon his career after coming to this State, he had but five pounds sterling with which to begin his new life. He had, however, what was better;good physical endowments, industrious hab- its and a well-balanced mind and these have been sufficient capital to place him in prosperous cir- cumstances. In 185!) he removed to this county and has since been a useful citizen of Joshua Town- ship, where his farming operations are centered. Our subject found in this county soon after com- ing here one of life's choicest blessings, a good wife, in the person of Miss Polly Smith, to whom his life was united July 28, 1861. Mrs. Lock was born in Ohio and is the daughter of Mathias and Polly (Burns) Smith, who were natives of Pennsylvania. To tliem have been born two sons — William 11. O^S^I^dU^./C^/^'^ PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. (43 and James A., aged rt.'S|)eclively twenty-six and tvventy-fovir years. They have been carefully trained and are following in the footsteps of their parents and are respected and honored youn, 1834, and died December 4. 1837; iMary Catherine, born Novemlier 2, 1837, wife of our suliiect; Angeline, born August 15. 1839, liv- ing near Fairview; Rebecca Lovina, born May 2(!. 184 1, living in Cuba; Benjamin F., born April 9. 1849, also a resident of Cuba. The following chihlren have been born to tlie Rev. Marion F.. and M.iry Havermale: Clara A.- born December 26, 1856; Percy W., April 25, 1859, Cliarley M., September 10. 1864; Mattie D., Sep- tember 24, 1868; Jassie M., May 27, 1873. Clara A., died December 30, 1862. r ACOB S. DOWNIN. Among all classes and in every condition of life where the struggle for a livelihood is going on there must, pcr^ force, be numerous trials and hardships to overcome before the ladder of fame and financial success is climbed. The early years of our subject were marked with serious disadvantages, and his success is therefore a compliment to his own exer- tions and ability. His life has lUKteubtedl}" veri- fied the adage, "a bad beginning makes a good ending," since he is at the (irescnt writing a retired gentleman, and mixes no longer in the busy din of the commercial world. Mr. Downiu's birth occurred February 19, 1816. in Washington County. Md., about sixty-five miles from Washington, 1). C, and within three miles of Hagerstown. While he attended the common schools of his district he, in reality, educated him- self, studying the higher branches at home after working hours. His father died in .1826 and his mother two years later, leaving him an or|ihan at 748 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. tbe lender age of twelve years. He tben went to live witli Daniel Zeller, who took charge of him up to "liis seventeenth j-ear. He had previously lived on a farm, but then was employed as clerk by Col. Weaver, contractor on the Chesapeake & Ohio Canal, in the State of Maryland. He held this position for seven years, and so satisfactory was his work that he was offered a partnership, but be- cause of his youth declined the same. Our subject was married about this time to Jliss Mar}' Jane Kreigh, daughter of Nicholas Kreigh, and a member of one of the oldest families in the •State of Maryland, one of great wealth, and of German descent. After his marriage Mr. Downin was appointed Deputy Sheriff of his native count}-, but not liking that position, came west in the spring of 18-11, and after investigating several other loca- tions, came to Illinois and purcliased land in Fair- view, where he made a considerable fortune in buying and selling real estate and now owns valu- able property in that place. He served as Super- visor of the Township for a [jeiiod of twelve years, and was .School Treasurer. Our subject came to Farmiiigton in 1879, and has continued to make this his home. His first wife died in 1873, leaving six children living viz: Eliza Jane, James W., Thomas K., Angeline M., Joseph v., and Lillie; those deceased are Nelson, Juliette and Emma. His second marriage was with Mrs. Hcaton, daughter of William and Mary (Kellogg) Kennedy. 3Irs. Downin is an own cousin of Pitt Kellogg, and was born in Peoria. Slie was pre- viously married to Adelphia lleaton.son of Morgan Healon, one of the oldest residents of Farmington. To them was born one son, Fred A. Heaton, a promising young hardware man in Prairie City, Iowa, who married Miss Hannah Adams of that city. Mr. Downin's father, John Downin. was born in England, and came to America when a boy. about the time of the Revolutionary War. His mother, who previous to her marriage w.as Catherine Stager, was born in Penns3-lvania. and was the only child of her parents. Her father being a brilliant man. she received an excellent education, and was quite a linguist. Mr. Downin's parents haii eleven chil- dren, viz: John, Elizabeth, Mary. Catherine, Sarah, David, William, Margaret, Susan, Samuel S., and Jacob, all of whom are dead except Samuel S., and the subject of this sketch. The latter merits great praise for his industry-, and for the unusual ability he evinced in mastering some of the most difficult studies without any aid whatever. Few men in any community ever deserved or received higher esteem or more genuine friendship than has Mr. Downin. He has been from youth an .ictive and steadfast Democrat. _^^®. '"^S' ilMOTHY F. HAMBLIN, one of the well- known business men of Lewistown, was born in Portland, Me., coming of an old New England family. His father. Jacob Hamblin, was a native of Gorham, Cumberland County. 'Sic. which at the time of his birth formed a part of Massachu- setts. He was a son of Gershara Hamblin. who is supposed to have been a native of the same local- it}^ and to be derived from a Scotch ancestr}', he being a descendant of one of three brothers, wlio came from their native .Scotland to this country in early Colonial da3's. The father of our subject began life as a sailor when quite young and followed the sea in the mer- chant service till thirt}' years of age. Ho then lo- cated in Gorham and for a time engaged in farm- ing in that place. He afterwards removed to Limington, York County, where he carried on ag- ricultural pursuits till his death. The maiden name of the mother of our subject was Jane Small and she was also a native of York .County, Me., and there she spent her entire life. Her marriage was productive of the following ten children: Joshua and Leonard deceased; Emilj-.wife of Henr}- Lord, and a resident of Lovell, Me.; Jacob, a resident of North Adams, Mass.; John, who lives in Bangor, Me.; Samuel, deceased; Tim- othy, who was drowned when six years old; Mary Jane, deceased, and James, a resident of Galesburg. The subject of this sketch was the youngest child of the family and he was reared amid the I pleasant scenes of his native Slate and received an I excellent education in its |)ublic schools. When PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 749 sixteen years old. the manly, enterprising- lad started ont in life for liiniself, and going to Port- land, apprenticed himself to learn llie trade of a carpenter and joiner. At tlie expiration of liis tliree years' term of service lie did journey work for three years. In IKo2 he started westward, as he shrewilly thought that in a newly settled country young men of his cai)acity and enterprise would be in demand aiul could make money. Me first sto|)ped at Chicago, which was then a comparitively small [ilace. with hut little indication of its present size and importance as one of the chief comnn'rcial cen- ters of the United States. A few nionths later he went to Clinton in DeWitt Couniy. and for nearly two years was engaged at his trade there. He then established himself in the lumber business, con- tinuing in tliat tliree years. We next hear of our subject in (Talesbnrg. where he w.as actively engaged in the butchering business, buying and shipping stock. In 1882. he came to Lewistown and followed butchering and buying and selling live stock for five years. After that he became interested in the grocery business, in which he has been very successful, building up a good paying trade, and placing himself among the solid men of the city. Mr. Ilamblin has been twice married. Tlie maiden name of his first wife was Maiy II. Phares and she was a native of Ohio. By her death in 1876 he lost a wise counselor and a true helpmate and liis children were deprived of the care of a good mother. His second marriage was with Miss Pearl .Tones, a native of Kno.x County, and was solemnized in 1879. Their pleasant wedded life has been blessed to them by the birth of one child, a daui^hter. whom they named Blanche Blaine. Mr. Hamblin had three children by his lirst marriage,' as follows: Charles Fremont, a raan.ager of tiie Western Union Telegraph Company at Jlonniouth : Maynard W. .manager of the same company at Dav- enport Iowa, and Luln. at home with her parents. Mr. Ilamblin is a shrewd wide-awake man of business and stands well in financial circles. He has been identified with the Republican partv since its organization and in its ranks is to be found no truer C)r more faithful supporter of its principles than he. While in Galesburg he was veiy promi- nent in the jiublic life of the city. He was twice electeil Alderman from the Fourth Ward, resign- ing during his second term to accept the iiosition of City Marshal, which office he filled with credit and to the good of tlie municipality. OBERT BENNP:TT. This c.untry is the home of many Englishmen who have come A ,\\ here from time to time to take advantage of ^''^the peculiarly favcn-able opportunities of- fered for .accumulating money, and few have won more friends or been more successful than the sub- ject of our sketch. lie was born in J^aiicashire, England, in the parish of Ashton. being the .son of (Tcorge and Betty (Robinson) Bennett. 'I'hc father was born in England, as was also the mother, and to them weie born ten children, seven of whom grew to maturity, viz; Robert, AVilliam, Lucy, Shakespeare, .Sarah A.. Iloratit). and Eliza. Our subject's birth occurred .July 10, 1824. and he grew to maturity in his native country: as his father was in reduced circumstances he attended day school a little before the age of ten years and then went to night scho(>l afterward. At the age of ten years he commenced to work in a cotton mill, working twelve hours each (Lay, and at the same time attending night school, to which he was comiielled to walk a mile and a half after his long day's work. He continued in the cotton mills and cotton warehouses until he was twenty-two years old. at which time he starteti in the tea and coffee business on a small scale, and was also engaged in the dry-goods business at Ashton. The subject of our sketch when twenty-four years of age, married Miss .Tane Clegg, a daughter of Daniel Clegg. and a native of ]>ancashire, Eng- land. About a month after their marriage August 21. 1848, they sailed foi' America, leaving the port of Liverpool on the ship "The New World" which was commanded by Caiit. Knight. The}- arrived in New York on September 21, 1848, and went immediately to Valley Falls, R. I., where he worked at his trade for two 3'ears. Of this union were born three children, viz; Leander F., George S. and 750 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. Bruce. Leander. wlio married Miss Sarah Jacobus, lives in Knox County, and lias six children. George S.. resides in Kansas and is a farmer at XorthSeld. Bruce is .at homo. The devoted wife and mother passed away in 188.5. at the age of sixty years. In Rhode Island Mr. Bennett worked longer hours (thirteen or fourteen per day) than ever before. The close confinement and change of climate was a severe tax upon him, and realizing that he must change his abo'le or lose his health permanently he determined to go to California. ric paid out 8!o0 at New York lor a ticket to San b'rancisco and started on his long journey, leaving his wife in Rhode Island. Arriving in California he started for the mines in Calaveras County and buying a i)ick and pan, went down to the river, where some men were at work in a shaft. He put on the red shirt, the usual hal)iliment of the miner, and inquired for work. Soon the proiirietor came around and asked him if he understood "cay'oot- ing." He replied tliat he guessed he did, and was immediately set to work in the mine. When evening came, the '• boss" came around, paid him ^.5 for th(> day's work, and asked him to come again the next day. He continued to work in this shaft some time. Everything' was new and was worked with an eye to the ()rotits alone. The mine not being properly timbered, accidents by the caving in of the earth v.ere of daily occurrence. One day while they were gone to dinner a big rock fell in and completely stopped the passage way to the mine, and thus ended operations at that place. A few days Inter at a i)ul)lic |)lace he fell in with a man who offered him ^80 and board to go with him. He accepted and after working for him some time, conceived the idea of forming a mining com- pany on the Calaveras River. They took up a claim which proved very valuable, realizing a profit which ranged from *10 to ^80 per hand weekly. The water failing, they took up another claim and continued it for four years. In the spring of 1856 our subject came home, more than ?;.3.000 ahead. Ever since boyhood, when he read of the wild horses of Illinois, he had his mind made up that he wanted to be in the meadows, open fields, and about the horses and cattle of Illinois, in other words tliat he wanted to be a farmer. He now resolved to remove West, and starting from his Eastern home, arrived here about September, 1S56. He immediately purchased one hundred ant^i^ vs"*^ GEORGE C.COOPER. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 753 and resides in Canton; James, llie thinl eliild. was mrj'iied to Jane MeCreaiy, and lives in Peoiia. "William Tnrl, the sulijeet of this sketch, was married in \6Gi to Malissa (Vance) Moore, and they have two children, the eldest a daughter named Lillie, aged niuett-en, and one son named Ike, aged thirteen years, and both reside with their parents on the old Vance homestead. Mrs. Turl is in every respect a line woman and worthy of tlic esteem in which she is held. She is the daughter of a pioneer family. Her parents, George and Susan "N'ance, were natives of Pennsyl- vania and Massachusetts respectively, and to them were born nine children. In 1840 the Vanc(^ fam- ily came to Illinois, arriving here June 10, and built the substantial log dwelling house in wliich our subject and his family now live. Mr. Turl h.as been quite succes^sfid in his farm- ing operations, and owns two hundred ai d forty acres of as fine farming land as is to be found in the township. He has it supplied with excellent machinery for carrying on his operations to tlie liest advantage, and from the cultivation of tlie soil derives an excellent income, and in his cozy hoiue he and his family enjoy the substantial com- forts of life. Our subject is a genial gentleman, and his pleasant social cpialities make him a general favorite, while his ability gives him a prominent part in the management of local affairs. He is a leader in politics, and has frequently been elected to public positions in Orion Township, and has held the offices of Collector, School Director and Trus- tee, with credit to himself and with benefit to the community. ^?=^EOKGK C. COOl'KH.one of the pioneers of 'II (^— , Fulton County, now makes his home on sec- ^v^:^ tion 23, Pleasant Towiishi|). and has the confidence and esteem of the people throughout this section of the country. His l>irth occurred on the 1st of Septemiier, iSlis, in Washington County, Pa., and he is the son of George and Nancy (liond) Cooper, natives of Pennsylvania. The Cooper fam- ilj' is ail old and aristocratic one, and numbered among the earliest settlers in AVashington County, near the Mononi;;diela River. Our subject is the third son in his fatlior's fam- ily, and removed wiih his parents to Wayne County. Ohio, settling about six miles northeast of Woos- ter. When twelve years of age our subject's (lar- eiits removed with their family to Holmes County, Ohio, and there tliey died. Mr. Cooper received his education in tlie subscription seliools of his neighborhood, and having been deprived iiy death of his father when only fourteen years old, he was naturall}' forced to commence taking care of him- self at a very early .age, and it also fell to him to take charge of the farm and look after the family. Tliis responsiliility soon developed his talent for i money-making, and taught iiim si)lenrlid lessons in jierseverance and self-denial. When twentv-one years old he sustained the sad loss of his mother. Mr. Cooper came to Fulton County in 1848, and being in poor financial circumstances, he worked at what he could find, and at the same time rented a farm and carried on that business. He was mar- ried July 3, 1851, to IMiss Sarah Beadles, who was born in Fulton County, Feliruary 24, 1833, and was the daughter of Rice and Polly (Warren) Beadles. botli natives of \'irgiiiia. Her parents came to Fulton County from the Blue Grass State in 1830. settling first in P>ernadotte Township, and after- ward moving to Pleasant Township. The mother died here in 1852, and the father af- terward removed to the State of Missouri, where he died in 1878. To them were born twelve cliildren, the following of whom are living: Sarah, (Mrs. Cooper); Lewis; William W., who lives at Table Grove, HI.; James lives in iMissouri; Mary is tlie wife of John Adams, and lives in Kansas; America i is the wife of Benjamin llutton, and resides in Bcr- nadotte Township; Margaret, who married James Jordan, lives in Kansas. By the father's second marriage one child was liorn. Berry D., who makes his home in Missouri. To our subject and vvife have been born nine children, eight of whom are living at the present writing, viz: Nancy J., wife of Soren Knowles. of Missouri; Lucinda, who is the wife of William ■Shawgo, lives in Fulton County; Corwin, of this place; Sarah V... (George; Lucy, vvife of .Viidrew r54 PORTRAIT AN^D BIOC UAl'IIICAL ALHUM. Shawgc makes her home in Peoria; Margaret, ami Amraa. After his marriage diir suhjeet settled in "Woodhinil Township, near tlie present site of 8um- ninm ^■illage, and in tlie fall of 1857 located in Pleasant Township on his present farm, lie owns five hundred and forty acres of valualile hiiid, and is oenerally conceded to be a model farmer. Po- litically he is a member of tlie RepubHcin parly. Bolii lie and his worthy wife as old age comes cre<>i)ing on apace, are enjoying the consciousness of years well and prolitalily spent, and surrounded by loying chihlren and warm personal friends are iioing down the declining [lalhwfiy of life gracefully r.nd peacefully. On another page of this volume will be noticed a lithographic portrait of Mr. Cooper. TEPIIEX E. IHKEMAN. How pleasant after a long life well and prosperously spent it is to look back over the vista of \-ears that intervene lietween old age and childhood, and in memory live again the triumphs and joj'S. Aliuve all. how enjoyable it is to possess the consciousness of having benefited both one's self and others in the struggle essential to the busy commercial world. Mr. Dikeman is conceded to be one of the wealthiest men in Fulton County, which is noted for its prominent and well to-do citizens, lie has always been singularly successful in money- making, and has through his own exertions attained success, since he commenced life with nothing but a bright mind, willing hands and a great deal of ambition. The estimable wife of our subject has been truly his helpmate in pursuing the course of life, having by her industry and frugality helped him save money for larger investments as the 3'ears passed b\'. He laid out the land upon which the village of Middle Grove was built, and owns several dwell- ings and store houses there. A native of Madison County, N. Y.. he w.as born May 16, 1824, to Gil- son and Parnel (Tultle) Dikeman, natives of Con- necticut. They were married in the town of Fenner [ (now called Cazenovia) Madison County, N. Y. 1 The father was in the saddle ami harness business, and previous to his death owned at one time some valuable land in New York, but lost much of his property. He came to Fulton County in 1844. set- tling on section 15. Fairview Township, which for tuany years was known as the Dikeman homestead. The father succeeded fairly well in business and was Justice of the Peace, and Supervisor for a [)eriod of nine years. He died when eighty-six years of age; the mother when in her seventy-third year. Twelve chddren were born to them, ten of whom reached maturit}-, viz: Alvira, William, Hannah, Elizabeth, Cornelius, Harriot, Hiram. Dighton. .Stephen E.. and Henr_\. Onl\- three aie now living: Hannah, Henry and onr subject. The latter wheu a year old wis taken b\' his parents to Oswego County, wiiere he continued to live up to I his nineteenth year. His educational advantages 1 were poor, and at an eail\- age he worked on a farm. When only eighteen years old he bound himself out to a carpenter iu order to learn that trade, and this man. 1). W. Sherman, coming west to Chicago in the fall of 1843, our subject naturall\- came with him. After three years in that city. .Air. Dikeman came to Fulton County, in the fall of 1847, and worked at his trade until he married Miss Susan Lindzey in 1852. She was a native of Massachusetts and a daughter of William and Hannah (Dix) Lindze\-, both natives of England and married in that couii- tiy. Her father was a painter by trade, working for a time in the cotton mills in IMassaeliusetts and Rhode Island and removing to the vicinity of Providence, K. I., where he remained five years. In the fall of 1850 he brought his family to the State of Illinois, coming via the Erie Canal to Buf- falo, thence by the lakes to Chicago, and from there 1)3' the Illinois Canal to Illinois River, landing at j (Copperas Creek. After their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Dikeman lived one year with his iiarents, then removed to a portion of his present homestead. He owned one hundred and twenty acres of land before bis mar- riage, and subsequent industry has greatly incre;ised his possessions. He has slii()ped hundreds of loads of stock to Chicago ,and Peoria, and has hauled PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 755 wheat from here to Chicago, selling it for sixty -sis cents per bushel, and taking merchandise back to Peoria nt sevent_v-five cents i)er hundred weiglit. Mr. Dikeman is a Republican and was numbered among the men who suffered a "rotten egging" on account of being a Whig and his Abolitionist pro- clivities. The following is a record of the seven children born to Mr. and Mrs. Dikeman: Charles E., who died at the age of twenlv-two years; Cyrus M.; Frank, who died wlien three years old ; Flora, George, Ambrose and Lindzej-. Cyrus M. married Addie Turner, and they have two children, Lee and Charles; their home is in Knox Comity, Flora is the wife of Herbert Green, a prosperous farmer in Farmingtou Township, and they have two chil- dren, May and Susan. George is a clothing mer- chant at Elmwood, being partner in the firm of Wdson & Dikeman. Ambrose and Lindzey are still at home. Mr. Dikeman takes great interest in edu- cational matters and lias served as School Director; also as Roadmaster and on jury dut^-. He and his estimable wife look back upon their life with a great deal of [jleasure and satisfaction, for bj- un- tiring effort they have accumulated a competency for their declining years ami prepared their cliil- dren for useful and lionoralile careers. ENRY MERRILL. Prominent anaong the pioneer citizens of Fulton County is tliis gentleman, who, although now past four- score years of age, is remarkably well pre- served and active. He has been inseparably asso- ciated with the business and political history of Farmington Township, and. now in the evening of his life, rests from his more arduous duties, with the consciousness of a life well s|)ent. His frontier existence was cheered by the presence and aid of his wife, a most estimable lady, and one whose worth is appreciated throughout the community. Mr. Merrill is a native of Oneida County. N. Y., and was born February 10, 1810. The parents of our subject, Asa and Penelope (Dalaby) Merrill, were natives of Sinisburv. Conn,, and were married in 1805. Of their union were born seven children, whose record is as follows: James D. practiced law sixty-three years, and died • in P]ast Tro3', Wis. He was at one time Postmaster of Jlilwaukee. Alonzo was a farmer and merchant, and died when sixty years old. Henry, our sub- ject, is next in order of birth. Sarah M., the widow of Amos Hewitt, who was a resident of Marsiiall, Mich., is now seventj-.eight years old. Hamilton Wilcox graduated from West Point, and served in the Florida AVar and in the Mexican War under Gen. Scott. He is nsuall}- known as Maj. Merrill and resides in Nciv York City. Nelson is a famous attorne3'-at-law in New York City, and his reputation has extended far be^'ond the limits of the city. Alzina married Henry Hewitt, a law- yer, and died when twenty-six years old. After the death of his first wife the father was married a second time to C'elina Prindle, who bore him five children, and for his third wife he was joined in marriage with Charlotte Wiggins. The mother of our subject was an own sister of M.aj. Dalab}', who had charge of the arsenal in Detroit, holding his position under Gen. Hull. It will thus be seen that he is descended from worthy and pa- triotic ancestry, while the high reputation gained by his forefathers is well sustained by our subject and his relatives. Our subject was brought to Genesee Countj-, N. Y., in childhood, and grew to man's estate upon a farm. He was rocked in a hollow basswood log cradle, and in his father's house there was not a solitary nail, it being covered with elm bark. The schools were very common and educational advantages poor indeed, but our subject attended school in the first schoolhouse built in Byron Township, where in company with the other boys he received only a limited education. Mr. Merrill married Miss Almyra Jenison in 1831; but she died one year after marriage, leaving one child, Almyra, who now resides in P^agle, Mich. He was married the second time November 29, 1 832, to Miss Delilah Rose, daughter of P^phraim and Rachel Rose. Her parents were natives of Sara- toga and Westchester Counties. N. Y. and came west in 1835. settling in Farmiugton Townshij). The}' had eleven children: viz., Alpena R., Martin, Luther, Hiram. Sulonion, Minerva, llaniiali. Lu- rsG PORTRAIT AND HIOGRAPIllCAL ALBUM. cind.i, who died when one and one-half years old; Dolilali. Pnu'lhi. uiirt KunifO. Mrs. Merrill w.ns liorn ill Aiiisteidiun. Montiromci'3- Coiiiity, N. Y., June 4. ISIO. Our subji'Cl and his wife were the parents of six children, viz: Clara M., Kuplieniia- R., Sarah Al- zina, Jaiues, Asa II.. and Nelson D. Clara M. married Kiley Ilnrwood, became the mother of five children and after his death married Emery Ed- wards, a resident of Wyoming. 111. Eupheraia lives in Middle Grove, and is the widow of George H. ^Vright; they had three children Sarah A. married H. II. Leonard and lliey live in Rantoul, 111., and have five children, James died in infancy. Asa IL, (vho lives in Omaha, Neb., is connected with the I'liion Stockyards and married AIui3ia Jones; they have six children. Nelson D. married Anna Leaverton and Ihey have two children. Their home is in Crcstun, Iowa. Besides their own children Mr. and Mrs. Merrill tnok into their home and gave loving care to a little girl named Nettie Simms, who married Frank Parish and after his death was united in the holv bonds of wedlock with James Broherd. Our sub- ject and his wife liad two chililreu, when the}' left Neiv York September 15, 1838. They took with tliein a team of horses and a wagon, which thej- put on hoard a steamer. \Vheu they came to To- Icdii tlie\- saw the lirst train of cars they had ever beheld. Thence the}' drove on the Chicago turn- [like to Chicago and from there to Fulton County. Here he bought one hundred and eighty acres of hind in Fairview Township, cultivating and embel- lishing it with substantial buildings. On this pleas- ant homestead he lived fort^'-fonr years, until he retired from active life and reinoVed to Farming- ton in 188-2. Mr. Merrill commenced life under great disad- vantages, but by means of undaunted energy and great courage has reached a high position both in social and mercantile circles. Though eighty years of age he is still active and healthy, indeed a most reinarkabl}' strong man. both physically and men- tally. This fact may in a great measure be attrib- uted to his strict morality, since at no time in his life has he indulged in either intoxicating drinks or the use of tobacco. His children and grand-chil- dren are ver}' handsome and the entire family is now in exceedingly prosperous circumstances. Mrs. Merrill is entitled tc a vast amount of praise, not only for her charming manners and excellent judg- ment, but also for her good management of home and children. It would lieaditHcult matter to lind a happier or more highl\- esteemed couple than Mr. and Mrs. Merrill. They are both members of the Baptist Church and take great interest in religious matters. He has served as Scliool Director for several years, and was Postmaster at Middle Grove for thirteen years, and is an active member of the Republican party. -i-~ — ■ ¥r ~^ LONZO (i. BEATY. Among the men who are cultivating a portion of the soil 14 of Lee Township to good advantage is the above named gentleman, whose home is on section 19. His farm consists of eighty acres, which he has improved in maij\ ways since he be- came its owner, building a barn and other struc- tures that he considered needful. He has li>ed in this county since infancy and belongs to a family well represented here, having five bVothersand two sisters within its limits. These are Lenmler, Or- lando, Robert, Andrew, Lsaac, Marian and Dorcas, the latter the wife of Isaac Camp. The father of our subject was born in \irginia and the mother, formerly Fanny Alford. was a na- tive of Connecticut. This couple were married in Ohio, whence they came to this county in 1849, locating in Woodland Township. Mrs. Bealy passed away in 1867, while her husband survived until 1888, attaining to a ripe old age. The good couple had six sons and four daughters, two of the latter being now deceased. The subject of this brief biography was born in Ohio, September 22, 1848, and was therefore but a year old when brought to Central Illinois. He obtained his education in the district schools of Woodland Townshi|) and under the home care of his parents acquired much knowledge not to be ob- tained in the schoolroom. He continued to make his home under the parental roof until he was PORTRAIT AND BIOCRAPHICAL ALBUM. twenty-four 3'ears old when lie started out in the world for himself, engaging in farming. Afttr his marriage, whicli occurred a few years later, he set- tled ill Pleasant Township Init sojourned only a few years ere buying and reninviiig to the farm he now occupies. The wife of Mr. Heaty was known in iier girl- hood as Susan E. Hendee. She is a native of this county, in which the fainilj- of whicli she is a mem- ber is well represented. Her natal day was .laiiu- ary -20. 1851, and her marriage w.as celebraled April 25, 1878. Her father was horn in Connecti- cut and her mother in Keiiliicky, but they became man and wife iii this county, to which they had accompanied their respective parents some time be- fore. The family of Mr. and Mrs. Flendee consists of eight daughters and three sons, all still living but one daughter. Besides the wife of our subject there are Mary J., Laura E.. Stephen A., Ilestei- A., Warren D.. Martha I.. Jose|)li W., Alice A., Kmma L., and Sarah R. Mrs. Beaty is the third child and daughter of her parents, who bestowed upon her good advantages in the way of education and home care. She has become the mother of three children, sons, in wliose childish graces and grovving intelligence the parents take great delight. They are Earl H., born August 5, 1881 ; Chester A., May 15, 1883, and Joseph W., May 28, 1887. Mrs. Beaty belongs toths Cliristian Church, being idcntitied with the congregation at Lewistown. Mr. Beaty is not an active [lolitician but generally votes the Democratic ticket. ^- 1^2= <« lULLlAM SMITH. The farming interests \\/iJ/ ^^ Bernadolte Township are al)i_\- re|ire- ^xj^ sented by this gentleman, whose practical- ity, sagacity and thrift have brought him to the front as a fairner and stock- raiser. Mr. Smith was born in Cumberland County, Pa., March 6, 1827. His parents were also natives of the Keystone State. He came to Ohio with his parents when two years old. In 1837 he came to Effingham County, III., and east in his lot wiih its pioneers, lemaining tliere until 1839. He then re- turned eastward as far as Knox County, Ohio, where ho made his home until 1852. In that year he came again to Illinois, and this time settled in Fulton County. He bought a farm of eighty acres in \'ermoiit Township, which he rented to his brother-in-law. James Irwin, while he went to work by the month on a farm the ensuing two years. He went back to Ohio in 185 t and was there until 1858. Coming to Fulton County again he worked by the month until his marriage. October 21, 1860, to Ellen E., daughter of Dr. (i. X . and Fallen Hopkins, who reside in Woodland Township. Soon after marriage our subject rented a farm of ninety acres in F'armers Township, paying cash rent for three years. The first year he paid at the rate of ^'i an acre; the second year, S2.75 an acre and the third year at the rate of S2.50 an acre. In 1863 he bought a farm of two hundred acres on section 34, of whicli he is still the proprietor. He has disposed of a part of it and now has a valuable farm of one hundred and sixty-three acres, all un- der excellent improvement and well cultivated. There is a good set of buildings on the place and an ample supply of reapers, mowers, and such ma- chinery; he has a first-class Minneapolis twine binder, and all other machines necessar}' for carry- ing on a good farm. Mr. and Mrs. Smith have had ten cliililren, of whom eight are living. Their record is as follows: Margaret O., born July 17, 1861, married William Rowland and they live on their own farm of eighty acres on section 24, Bernadolte Township; Mary Ann, born September 2, 1862, died in infancy; Laura E.,born September 7,1863, married John Row- land, Principal of tlie Lewistown Normal School; Phrebe A., borii October 30, 1805, married Henry Rowland, and they live in Bernadolte Township; F'lanees V, bin-n February 28, 1868, lives at home; William and Henry (twins), born September 21. 1870, the former dying February 4, 1873; .lohn D., born September 31, 1872; Garret B., .Inly Id. 1876; Nellie H., February 28, 1884; the last four are at home witli their parents. Our subject is a man of sterling principles and all his acts are guided b}- a high sense of honor and unswerving integrity. He is a true Christian, though not connected wn'th aii\' chiireli organiza- 758 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. tlon, and is well liked and respected by all who know him. He is temperate in nil tliinus, lias pro- liibition tendencies, is very much opposed to to- l)acc() in any shape or form, and has tlio support of his ojood wife in bis views. He has given liis town- ship faithful service as School Director. if^_^ ENRY B. (iUSTlNE, an enterprising and iTjii popular young pharmacist of Canton, al- ^/^ ready occupies an honorable position in the (©,' business world of his native county. He was born in Lewistown August 11, 1864. His fa- ther. James Gustiiie, was born in Ohio in 1834, and was the son of .lohn Gusline, who was a native of Pennsylvania. The grandfather of our subject settled in this county, over fifty yerrs .ago, and is still living here, and is over eighty years old. His wife, wlio is also living, was Polly Cliilders, and she was born in Pennsylvania and remembers well the pioneer davs of Fulton County. She and her husband have reared a large family of thirteen children. They are botli in the enjoyment of all their faculties, having been well endowed mentally and physically. .lames (iiistine was a small boy when his parents brought him to this county, and settled in the count\- seat, Lewistown, where he was reared and married, taking as his wife Mrs. Deborah Duvall, widow of William llotchkiss. Her parents died in this county many years ago. After marriage Mr. Gustine settled in Lewistown where he was occu- pied as a carpenter and butcher for many j'ears. He is now prosperously' eng.aged in shipping poultry. Mr. and Mrs. Gustine are the parents of four cliildren of whom tlie following is recorded: Edward is a conductor on the Fulton County Narrow Gauge Railroad; Sadie is the wife of Dr. R. A. Randall, of Lewistown; Alta B. is the wife of Loien F'reeman, of Lewistown ; and Henry B., our subject. By her former marriage Mrs. (!us- tine had one daughter, Mina, who is now the wife of Tht)uias Whitworth, a ineichant of Victor, Iowa. Henry Gustine. of this biographical sketch, was the second son of his parents. He spent his school daj'^s in Lewistown where he was given excellent educational advantages, and at, the age of sixteen he entered the drug store of Tompkins ct Standard, with whom he remained three 3'ears and thorough!)' learned the drug business in all its details. When he left their employ he went to Havana, in Mason Count}', and became clerk in the drug store of M. E. Covington for tliree years. Afterwards he w.as with Dr. P. L. Dieffenbaclier, one year. In Jan- uary, 1888, he came to Canton and clerked for P. C. Ross one year. At tlie expiration of tliat time he entered into partnership with James Ross, a son of Dr. Ross, under the firm name of Ross ct Gus- tine, and they conducted business together about a year. Then Mr. Gustine jiurchased the interest of his partner, continuing the business at the same stand, on the south side of tlic |iublic square. Here he has a neat and commodious drug store, complete in all its ap|)ointnients, and well stocked with drugs, medicines, toilet articles, and all things to be found in such a store. Mr. Gustine pays especial attention to the compounding of prescriptions, and he is conducting here a good and well paying. busi- ness. He passed the examination of the Illinois Board of Pharmacy and is registered. In the month of March, 1886, he was married to Miss Alvenia Woeston, of Havana, III. She was born and reared in that place and is a daughter of Henry and Mary (Bush) Woeston, natives of Ger- many, and early settlers of Havana. Mr. and Mrs. Gustine have one son living, Clifton C. Their son Charles C. died in infancy. They have an at- tractive home at No. 303 South Main Street, ilr. Gustine is a member of the Ancient Order of United AVorkmen. m m^^o^:^^m RS. MARY ROWLANDSON, wife of Rob- ert Rowlandson, of Putman Township, is the subject of the jireseut sketch. Her maiden name was Mar}- Murphj' and she was a daugliter of Elisha and Jeannette (Fields) Murphy, natives of Pennsylvania. Her jiarenls were married in Pennsylvania and made that State their home until tlie year 1819, at which time they PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 759 reraovcfl to Ohio, settling in Ricliland Comity, and afterward c-ame to Illinois in 1833, locating in Cass Township. Tlie father died in 1834, and the mother in 1854. To them had been horn twelve children, of whom onl\' three are living at the present writing, viz : Mrs. Rowlandson, Abrahani and Jesse, and the}' had many interesting ex|)erienccs in clearing np the land and cultivating the soil upon the old home- stead. Our subject was sixteen years t)ld at the time her parents came to this place, and she had re- ceived a good education in Ohio, previous to the removal from that State. On .lanuai-y IG, 1834, slic married David S. Baughman,son of Henry Baugh- man, who was one of the early settlers in Cass Township. After their marriage they settled on section 31, in Putnian Townsiiip, where tiie land was in an uncultivated stale, and the}' endured many liardships and deprivations while preparing a home; indeed, they lived in a rail pen foi' one entire summer while they were building a log-cabin, and had on'}' ■'i<4{) with which to furnish a house. Mr. Baughman was delicate, and consfquentlv vv.as unable to manage their business affairs, and this re- si)onsibility fell to his wife. .She, however, was equal to the emergency, being a woman of great strength of character and unusual judgment. She worked faithfuUj', both in the house and out on the estate, and seems to possess a marvelous amount of streni>;lh and force of character. Her occnpation.s were numerous and varied ; she did weaving with a hand- loom, they raised flax, jinlled it. spun it, and wove it into cloth. Such activity and enterprise could not fail 1(1 reach a good result and prosperity gradually came to them, although it seemed slow during the da)'s of ceaseless toil. Mrs. Rowlandson distinctly" recalls the apiiear- ance of that count}- at that date. It was new and had only a small population, there being one house between their home and Lewistown. The Indians had only been driven away the year before, and the surroundings were very wild about the little log- cabin in which the family li\ed. Mr. Baughmain died March 23, 1852. having reached his foriieth year. They were the parents of six ciiildren, viz: Kmeline, wife of John JIcMaug, who lives in Oreg(jn and has eleven children; Jesse, Thomas, and David M., deceased; Hannah is the wifeof Perry Murphy, and lives in Nebraska; Mar- garet, widow of Julius Cromwell. David M. enlisted in Com|)any A, Kighty-ninth Illinois Regiment as a [uivate soldier in the year 18Gl,and was killed June 27, 1864, after serving! faithfully through nearly three years, and suffering grcatl}- from sickness. His death occurred at Pickets Mill, Ga. The subject of our sketch marricdi her present husband, Robert Rowlandson, in May, 18G0. He is a son of (ieorge and Sarah (HIackburn) Rowlandson, both of whom were English by birth and education. INIr. Rowlandson was born in Eng- land in 1821 and emigrated to America in 1851, locating at first in Buffalo, N. Y. He afterwards moved to Chicago, and in 1855 settleil in this county, where he has resided up to the present date. Since their marriage they have resided on the farm Mrs. Rowlandson owns, and where she has lived for over fifty years. This estate embraces seventy acres and is now in a splendid state of cultivation. Mr. and Mrs. Rowlandson enjoy good health. They are members of the Baptist Church, and liave retired from business. \w/ MADISON TUCKER. How often it seems that the younger men outstrip their elders in the race for commercial and political honors. The activity and energy of youth is known to be greater than in after life, and thus a child properl}- trained to habits of industry and frugality will most likely win success quite early in life. Such has been the experience of J. Madison Tucker, whose sketch now invites attention from the reader. Mr. Tucker first made bis appearance in this world on the 4th of May, in the year 184G, at the homestead of his grandfather Lake. He spent his childhood and youth in Farminston, receiving a good common-school education, and lieing tauglit tiiose grand principles of industry and self-denial which have always remained with him. After reaching maiiliooil, our subjoct f.-irmed for awhile on the old Tui'kcr hrnncste.ad before death robbed rfio PORTRAIT AND HrOGRAPIIICAL ALBUM. liim of his father, and in 1889 he purchased his pus- (Mil property tiiat emliracert ninety acres of land. Me has continued to add to liis possessions, and is at the present writing the owner of one hundred and forty-four acres of valuable land. Our subject is very successful as a farmer, a horseman, and in running a thri'shing machine. His political sympathies are all wiili the Republican ()arty, and he takes great interest in the political issues of the d.a}'. He cast his (irst Presidential vote in 18fi8 for V . S. Grant, ■•the soldier President." as he is so frequently called. IMr. Tucker has not missed more than one caucus since he reached his majority, nor has he failed to attend a single elec- tion. Such men we know form the bulwark for their part}', and are invaluable to the community in which they reside. Mr. Tucker is serving his sixth term as School Trustee of Farmington, and has lost no opportunity to advance educational causes and so promote the advantages of this city, lie is also a comniitteeman on the Republican Central Committee of Fulton County, from Farmington Township, an office that he dignities verj' much by his good habits and care- ful movements. He also served as Commissioner of Highways three years and has been on the grand jury. Our subject's father, Klevon Tucker, was one of the pioneers of Farmington Township, and his death in 1871 caused universal regret. He was a good man, and held several public otiices. For sevfen }-ears he served as Assessor, and was also Highway Commissioner and School Trustee. Our subject's mother died in 1888, at the advanced age of seventy-two years. The father was born in Hamilton. Oliio, and was reared Viy John Lake, the father of the lady he afterward married, his own father being drowned in the Ohio River while at- tempting to cross that stream in a small boat. The mother and her children were in another boat crossing at the same time. The Lake family and the Tuckers were old friends, and Mr. Lake, there- fore, very naturally assumed charge of Elevou Tucker when'death had deprived bim of bis natural protector. The Tucker famil)- is of Scotch-Irish descent, and the Lakes originally came from Hol- land and are connected with the family of the re- nowned Anneke .bins, whose vast estate in New York has been so long in litigation. Our subject's mother was Miss Catherine Lake, and she had three sisters — Eliza, Elleanor and Mary Ann. Eliza mar- ried Thomas Leeper (deceased) of Farmington; Elle.anor is now Mrs. William Leeper, of Farming- ton Township; and Mary Ann, wife of Cunning- ham Brown, of Farmington, died in 1888. Our subject is a worthy representative of an old and honored family, and though he has never married, lives a happy and comfortable life, surrounded b^' a host of admiring friends. -^i^ii^^^^^^^^^— 'ACOB DANXER, the son of a former pio- neer and extensive landowner of this count}', is a man in prosperous circumstances, a member of the farming' community of Asto- ria Township, who derives a handsome income from his agricultural ventures and the rental of his valuable coal land. He was born in Hamilton Count}', Ohio, May 3, 1849. His great-great- grandfather Banner came from Germany and set- tled near Philadelphia among the original colonists of Pennsylvania. The father of otir subject was a distiller in his native State. In 1832 he left Penns^'lvania for Ohio, and in 1838 made a trip throughout the West, searching for a suitable location. He had [jreviously bought one hundred and sixty acres of land in Indiana. In 1850 he came to Illinois in a wagon, arriving here after a journey of nearly six weeks. He bought one hundred and sixtj' acres of land in Astoria Township, wheie he resided until his death. He met with more th.an ordinary suc- cess, became a man of wealth and accumulated six hundred acres of land in this and Schuyler Coun- ties. He w.as the f.ather of seven cliildi;en, four sons and three daughters, of whom three sons and one daughter are living. He was a man of Chris- tian principles, and a member of the Gerniin Bap- tist Church. The son of whom wc write passed his early life on a farm and received bis education in the dis- trict schools. At the .age of nineteen, after the ^^*7Vs JOHN LACt^ PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. UiZ death of his mother, he began farming for himself witli his fatlier. On the Sth of May, 1873, he took an imi)0ilant step, whereby he secured the .active co-operation of a good wife by his marriage on that date to Miss Hannali M. Tliorapson, of Astoria Township. She was a native of Philadelphia, Pa., and a ilaughter of Thomas and Sarah A. (Moreer) Thompson. Ilor father died in Pennsylvania, and lier mother came to Illinois about 1859. Of the seven children bom to Mr. and Mrs. Banner four died in infancy'. Those living arc named Rosa L., Orley O. and Clarence. Mr. Danner located where lie now resides in the fall of 187i). He has here one hundred and ninety acres of land exceedingly valuable, not only for agricultural purposes but on account of its mineral wealth. He has made many extensive improve- ments, among which we may mention a line fish pond, covering five acres and stocked with choice varieties of fish, he being the first to start anything of the kind in this localit}-. He has here substan- tial and well-appointed buildings and a home re- plete with comfort. His farm is all coal land, and he leases one hundred and thirty acres of it for mining puri)Oses. He is a thorough Democrat in his political views. He is glad to assist in any way in promoting the interests of the township, and h.as ilone valuable service as Commissioner of High- ways. OHN LACEY. Great honor is due the sturdy pioneers who left their homes in tlie East, and hewed out a path in the trackless ^J forest, or traveling across the seemingly limitless prairie, finally reached their destination in the uncultivated lands of Fulton County. Here they located in their rude homes, deprived of the comforts of life, and the companionship of friends. Gradually thej' evolved pleasant farms from the uninviting surroundings, and by persevering labor, met with a deserved reward. As a representative of this worthy class, we are [ileased to present the life historv and portrait of this veteran of eighty- six years. Prior to the Rev^.lutionar\- War. three brothers bearing the name of Lacey emigrated from Eng- land to America, settling, one in New Jersej-, an- other in Virginia, and the third in one of the Eastern States. The father of our subject, Richard Lacey, was a native of New .lersey and was one of eight brothers in the large family born to his parents. He married Susan Smith, who was also born in New Jersey, and their family consisted of one son, John, and three daughters, now deceased. It will thus be seen that our subject is the only sur- vivor in the family, and he was boni January 8, 1804, in Hunterdon County, N. J. When about six years old our subject was brought by his jjarents to Tompkins County, N. Y., and there passed his youth. He was trained from childhood to habits of industry and persever- ance, and having been taught the principles of farming, has naturally reaped the benefit in his success as an agricultuiist. His education was very limited, but having a natural taste for read- ing he has kept himself well-posted alike upon literary and public matters. Like the m.ajority of self-made men he has met with marked success in all his undertakings in life, and this is due in a great measure to his ambition and unfailing energy. When read}- to establish a home of his own, our subject was married in New Y'ork, in 1831, to Miss Cliloe Hurd and their union was blessed with nine children, of whom those living at the present writ- ing are — Judge Ljnnan Lacey, of Havana, 111.; Harriet, wife of C. E. Johnson, of Pleasant Town- ship; Susan, now Mrs. E. Porter, of Table Grove, III.; and Mary, who became the wife of Arthur Cattron, of McLean Count}', III. In company with his wife and children Mr. Lacey removed from the State of New York to Oakland County. Mich., and after sojourning there about one and one- half years, came, in the fall of 1837, to Fulton County, HI. Here lie entered a considerable amount of land, for wliieh he paid the Govern- ment $1.'25 per acre. On the estate of our suliject at the present time there may be noticed a little log cabin about 25x30 feet in dimensions, and this was the i)ioneer home of the family; Nine years later, Mr. Lacey erected his present handsome residence which is a decided contrast to tlie former one and illuslr.Tles 764 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPIIK Al. ALBUM. the diflfereiice between the primitive and prosper- ous times in this county. Our subject w.ns cora- pplied to break and cultivate liis land, a task that naturally calh for both energy and skill. He is to- day very prosperous and owns fifteen hundred acres of valuable farming land, all fertile and cul- tivated. Previous to his marriage he had saved about $1,500. and the habits of economy wliicli he had learned in his youth, he carried through his ma- turer years, so that now his old age is filled with every comfort wealth can bestow. Mr. Lacey has always been very popular in Ful- ton County, and served tn-o years as 8ui)ervisor of Pleasant Township, two years as Assessor and was for a time Justice of the Peace. He has been a life-long Democrat and alw.ays votes that ticket on national issues. The death of his wife, January 15, 1879, was a great blow to him, for she had been a true helpmate to him through tlieir long and happy married life. Slie had many warm friends in the community where she had lived, and was a a woman possessing many Christian virtues. Mr. Lacey is numbered among tlie most successful pio- neers of Fulton County, and lias many fnends, who recognize the nobility of his character and realize that he deserves to be held in the highest possible esteem. OHN W. GADDIS. There are few things in life that -inspire a more general interest than does a sketch of a successful business man, who by achieving fortune himself, gives an example to those trying to climb the ladder of fame, and encourages those who are in the busy commercial world to liope for similar suc- cesses. Our subject is a man of decided abilit}', and is generally conceded to rank among the first business men of Fairview. He is a partner in the firm of Gaddis & Hill, dealers in groceries, hard- ware, paints and notions. He is also Cashier of the Fairview Banking Company, of which T, H. Tra- vers is President, L. W. Davis, Vice-President, and P. B. Voorhees, Assistant Cashier. Our subject was born in Jacksonville, Morgan Countj'. 111., December 5. 1859, being the son of Dr. John V. D. Gaddis. He grew to manhood ill his native place, attending the public schools of that city, and at a later date the Jacksonville Col- lege. He afterward took an academic course at Freehold. N. J., and a business course in the East- man Business College at Poughkeepsie, N. Y. He removed to Fairview, III., in 1881, and engaged in business at his |iresent place, the firm name being Gaddis A- Wilson. He bought out his partner in 1883. and up to 1887 operated the business by him- self, at which date he entered into a [lartnership with Hairy C. Hill. This firm is doing an immense business, and by means of strict integiii}' and in- dustrious habits on the part of the managers is growing in popularity all the time. They carry a large stock of goods, amounting to -S4.500. Mr. Gaddis was married March 19, 1889, to Miss Sarah L. C. Ledeboer,'llie daughter of Dr. L. Lede- boer, of Holland, Mich. Of this union has been born one child — Lillie Ray. The subject of our sketch is a member of the Masonic fraternity, be- longing to Fairview Lodge, No. 350, and holding the office of Worshipful Master. He is a Democrat in political belief, and both he and his wife are members of the Presbyterian Reformed Church, of Fairview. He has built an elegant residence in the western part of the villaa:e, and has bright pros- pects of fortune before him. Dr. John Gaddis was one of the early settlers of this place, and is numbered among the oldest and most jiopular physicians of Fairview. . He was a very distinguished man and possessed a rnre amount of natural ability, and has received a thor- ough education and so fitted himself for his chosen profession. His birth occurred in New York City, and he was graduated from the Eastern College of Medicine and Surgery. He happened to know a family tliat was coming West and so concluded to try his fortunes in the wild country and enjny the rudeness of pioneer life. Dr. Gaddis married Miss Julia Wilson, daughter of the Rev. A. D. Wilson, the founder of the Ger- man Reformed Church of Fairview. She was the second in number of the six children born to her parents, and came with them to Fairview from her Eastern home. Dr. Gaddis met with great success, and in cdiuK ction with his professional duties was PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 765 also interested in mercantile lines. It was for the purpose of educating liis daugiiter — IMaogie — that he removed to Jacksonville, where our subject was born. Of the entire family three children reached maturity — Maggie, Kate and .John W. Maggie is at the present writing Mrs. James F. Bless, a manu- facturer of Newarls, N. J.; Kate L. married H. M. Joralmon, a resident of Denver, Colo., and for a long time on the editorial staff of the American Field. Our subject was the youngest in the fam- ily, and he is the happy possessor of both fame and fortune, and has many warm personal friends who rejoice in his success. f .SAAC N. LEEPP^R, one of the representative citizens of FartDington, and a man of enter- prise and influence, is a brother of the Hon. John A. Leeper, whose biography will be found elsewhere. His father, William Leeper, came to this county in 1844, and resided in Fairview Town- shii) until his death in 1888, when almost eighty- one years old. He was born in Ilarailtdn County, Ohio, and his father, Allen Leeper, came from Penn ■ sylvania to Ohio, and died in that State. The Lee- l)er family is a very old and aristocratic one, and have for man\' generations wielded untold influence in the communities where they made their home. Our sulijeet's mother, who previous to her mar- riage was Miss EUeanor Lake, was born in Franklin Count}', Ohio, and was a daughter of John Lake, a stonemason, who worked on the first jail built in the cit}' of Cincinnati, and on many of the public buildings there. To tliis day many culverts on the public streets remain, and for hundreds of years will remain monuments of his handicraft. Mr. Lake was born on Long Island, and liis people came originally from Holland, and were lelatives of Anneke Jans, whose vast estates are in litigation at the present time, and will at some future day make each heir immensely wealthy. The mother died in August. 1890, in her seventy -seventh j-ear, at the home of her dangliter. Mrs. Nettie Slack, of Faruiingtcm. Untu her and lirr husband had been born ten children, namely: John A., Isaac N. Har- riet, Emeline, Gilbert T., Oliver, Charles, Henry, Frank, and \ettie. Gilbert T. married Mary Daft, and at the time of his death left four children. He was a farmer by occupation, and served three years in the late war. Oliver enlisted in the army when sixteen years old, and served through the war. He has passed the m-^st of his life in Texas and the South- west. Charles, a farmer in Kansas, is married and has four children ; Henry, a resident of Fairview Township, has been twice married; Frank, who was a farmer, is now deceased; Harriet is the widow of Joseph McMillen, a carpenter residing near Ft. Scott, Kan.; Emeline is married and resides on a ranch in Southwestern Kansas: Nettie is the wife of William Slack (see sketch of Alexamler Slack). The subject of our sketch w.as born Se[)leml)er 19, 1833, in Franklin County, Ohio, and attended school in that Stale. lie was seven j'ears old when with his family he removed to Illinois, and noticed a great difference between the schools of his native State and the small log sehoolhouses found here. He entered the Lombard I'niversit}- at Galesburg, at the age of twenty-two, having previously studied at the academy in Farmington. He is a clever, level-headed gentleman, and possesses unusual tal- ents, especially in the direction of portrait paint- ing which he took up accidentally. He is quite a noted horseman, and shows good judgment in re- gard to horse-flesh. His popularity is proven bv the fact that he was made executor of the estate of Miss Mary Ann Newcomb, without bonds, .although the property in charge was valued at |!1 75,000. Mr. Leeper at the age of twenty-three yeais mar- ried Miss Ellen Wilson, daughter of Samuel and ISIaria Wilson, pioneers of Fulton County, and now- deceased. Mrs. Leeper is the fourth in luimber of the family of seven children born to them, viz: Thomas, Mary J., Maria, Ellen, Margaret Ann, Amanda, and James, who died when j'oung. Our subject immediately after his marriage began farm- ing, an occupation which lie has continued to fol- low u|) to the present lime, and in connection wiili this has devoted much time to raising fine horses. He has shipped thousands of pounds of poik at vari- ous times, and took a sweepstake prcmiurn for ro;id- 766 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. ster stallions for several ^ years in succession at the Fair in Canton.^ Ile'has been School Trustee for several years, aiifl is an active member of the Re- publican i)arty. He owns a valuable estate com- prising two hundred and twenty acres in Farming- ton Tovvnsliip, on section 8, and has besides an elegant residence. He is at the present lime build- ing a raagniBcent city residence on the corner of Main Street. It has been remarked l)y some of Mr. Leeper's friends, that he missed his calling in not becoming a crayon artist while injhis) youth.' No one, least of all himself, imagined that he had. "gen ins in that direction until a few j-ears ago, when one day he was reading his stock journals, and his eyes hap- l.ened to catch liie picture of a bull. He sketched it, and the likeness vvas so good that he was encour- aged to try the picture of a horse in the same way, wliich attempt ended with equal satisfactory results. About this time he owned a very valuable and graceful stallion that he wanted a picture of. Ac- cordingly, vvitli the original before him, he made a beanliful representation of his pet steed. He nest tried portrait work, and finding he had the same success here, he sought instruction in the art. To this work he has devoted only his jspare moments, and exhibited to the leporler some very fine' crayon l)ortraits, which abundantly prove his talent in this direction. g asa ggjHgBg IhM ARCUS L. CLIFFORD is the son of a pio- l\\ neer family of Fulton County, and the la- Hi bors that he has performed in aiding in the develojiment of the agriculture of Lewis- town Township, where he has a good, well-improved farm, entitles him to an honorable place among the pioneer farmers of Illinois. Mr.Clifford was born in Conneaut Township, Ash- tabula County, Ohio, in 1830. His father, whose given name was Amos, was a native of New Hamp- shire. His father, so far as known, spent his entire life in New England. The father of our subject w.as reared and married in his native State and about 1812 emigrated to Ohio, making the removal with teams. He became one of the early pioneers of Conneaut Townshi|) where he bought a tract of timber land. There were no railways or canals for manj' years after he settled there, and no markets excepting the lake ports, and the people lived chiefly' on the products of their farms and on wild game, which was plenty. Mr. Clifford kept sheep and raised flax, and the wooljand the'_ liber of the flax his wife used to si)in and weave, and fiu- many vears her husband and children w-ere clothed in homespun. She did all her cooking before tlie fire in the rude fireplace. Mr. Clifford had to carry on his work with the most primitive implements. He used the wooden mold -board plow and he cut his grain with a sickle until a cradle was invented. He was industrious and cleared quite a tract of land and contiraied to reside in Ohio until 1837. In that year he made a new departure, coming to Illi- nois having sold his possessions in the Buckeye State. He was accompanied by his wife and ten children and they started on their journey with teams; when they arrived at the Ohio River the}' embarked on its waters and came by the way of that, the Mississippi and Illinois Rivers to Havana, where tlie little ))arty was met by friends with teams and were taken to this county. After his arrival here Mr. Clifford rented land one year and then bought a tract that was heavih' timbered, on section 33, of Lewistown Township, and built thereon a log house. He resided there until his death Jiuie 7, 1860, and his wife also died on the home farm December 29. 1842. Before her mairiage she was Lois Fox, and she was born in New Hampshire. Her father was Sinclair Fox and he was .also of New Kngland birth. He removed from there to Ohio at an early date and settled among the pioneers of Ashtabula Count}', where he cleared a farm and passed his remaining days. The name of his wife was Lois Marnviile. She was born in New England and died in Ohio. The names of the children born to the parents of our subject are as follows: Dianllia, Arvilla, Nelson, Zilpha. .lohn L., Pauline, Milo, Roxanna, Martin Lafa3ette and Mary. Marcus Clifford was a boy of six when he came to Fulton County witl> his parents, but he remeni- i>ers well the incidents of the long journey and tlie PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 7G7 events 6f interest in the early history of the county. He ntlended the i)ioneer schools, which were taught in the primitive log house with plain log hunches and heated hy Arc in the rude lircplace. As soon as old enough he began to assist his father on the farm and remained an inmate of the parental home until his marriage, when he commenced life for himself and his bride on a rented farm. He had beei reared to habits of industry and in his farming operations was quite successful. He finally bought the (lid homestead upon which he had been reared, resided on it a few years tiien sold and bought a farm of eighty acres and now has one hundred and forty five acres on section 33, Lewistown Township, one and one-half miles sontliwest of the city. This pleasant place has since been his residence. April 30, 1857, Mr. Clifford and Miss Amelia I. Wells united their lives and fortunes in what lias l)roved to be a happy marriage. Mrs. Clifford is a native of Indiana and a daughter of William and Ann Wells. Mr. and Mrs. Clifford arc the parents (if four children, three of whom are deceased: Mar- cus L. was b.u'ii March 1-1. 1859, and died .lanuary •>2. 1H74; Charles II., born January 4, 1SC8, died March 4, 1887, and a babe unnamed. Their only living child, Carrie, is married to Prof. Ceorge W. IJick and has three children — Ross Clifford, Winnie and Meradeth. ]Mr. Dick is a popular teacher in the public schools ami has a cozy home in Lewis- town Township. Mr. and Mrs. Clifford's ciiaracters are such as to command the respect and affection of the entire community. As members of the Methodist Episco- pal Church they are active in its every good work. Mr. Clifford is a consistent supiiorter of the Repub- lican party. ^: Zs^ "Y OHN ABBOTT is perhaps one of the largest if not the largest landowner in Fanuiug- ton Township. He is one of our self-made / men, and has been wonderfull)- successful financially. He has four farms, as follows: his home farm of two hundred and seventy-three acres, and three farms of eighty acres each in Farmington Township, comprising in all five hundred and thir- teen acres of as fine farming land as may be found in the county. Our subject was liuni .lanuaiy 10. IS;!!, in Scot- land County, Ind. lie is a son of Alexander and Xancy (Doty) Abbott, who were natives re- sjieetively of Ohio and Scotland ('mintios. Ind. They came from tlie Iloosier State to Illiiiois in 1840, and were early settlers of Farmington Town- ship. Mr. Abbott was only thirteen years old when he came to Illinois in 1847, with his uncle Wesley Abbott. He was a poor boy, had had but few aott have had seven ehildren, all of whom are liv- ing, who are ii.ameti as follows: Samuel, William, Sarah, Julia. Laur.a, Albert, and Ma}-, the latter of whom is at home with her parents. .Samuel, who lives on a farm in Farmington Township, married a Miss Catherine Ileddon, and they have two chil- dren, Viola and Lelah; William, who rents a farm in Peoria County, married Amy Roth, and they have three cliildren — Flora. Mary, and Fairy; Sarah married Anthony Heddon, of Farmington Town- ship, and Ihey have two cliildren — Alvie and Car- rie; Julia married Calvin O. Field, and they have five children — Cora, Margaret, Eililh. Raymond, and Harland; Albert is a resident of Farmington Township, married Miss Elma Heddon, and the\- have one child named AlLie; Laura married Frank Ileddon, of Farmington Township, .-md they have one child, John. ^^ llj^AVID SCOTT RAY, Jk., tlie agent and )), telegraph operator at the station of Mari- etta, is a repiesentative native-born citizen of Mason County, III. Though a }oung man he has already attained some prominence in the political and pul)lic life of this section of Illi- nois, and is well and favorably known. Our subject is a son of D. S. and Arminda (Zuie- man) Ray, both of wdiom came from old Colonial families, a number of whose members took part in the Revolution. The father is a native of Mar}-- land, and the mother was born in Canada, and is a dauchter of Peter and Lueinda Zolenian of Ohio. Ml. and Mrs. Ray were married in Missouri, and came to Fulton County from there about 1848, and w-erc pioneers of this region. Scott Ray was born iu Mason County. Novein- licr "24, 1860. When he was five years old bis pa- rents took up their residence in Lewistown, Avliere they lived till he was twelve years old. From there they went to Vermont, and thence to Bush- nell, the father being then engaged as a traveling man necessitating these various removals. In 1878 the family came to Marietta, wliere they have re- sided ever since. Our suliject received his early education iu the |niblie scliools of the different towns in which his boyhood days were passed, and it was completed b)' a fine course of study pursued at the Bushnell High School. When our suliject was twenty-one yeais old he went to Smithfield to work at the station at that point. He had been there but a short lime wlie;i he was offered the position of telegraph oper- ator, he having become an expert in that line. The following year he was given charge of the ortice at Marietta, and is still at his post here, dis- charging his duties with characteristic promptness and efficiency to the perfect satisfaction of the railway com[iany, and looking carefully after its interests. The marriage of Mr. Ray to Miss .Susan Jack- son was consummated May 30, 1885, and to them has come one child whom they have named Arthur. Mrs. Ray is a daughter of Joseph and Ainericus (Campbell) Jackson. Our sul)ject is a young man of much character, and influential in his community. He is much in- terested in political Uialters, and is one of the leail- ing young Democrats of this part of the county. He has been a member of the County Board of .Su- pervisors, and did good service during the term that he held that responsible position. n SAAC L. AND CHARLES R. SWEGLE are gen- ! tiemen of high standing in the community, and /i) are much respected b)' all who know them. Their parents. Isaac Daniel and Margaret Ann (Al- legar) .Swegle were among the early (lioueers of Fairview Townshii), having come to Illinois in 1838, and owning a trad of land that embraced two liun- dreil and thirty acres. The father was born iu New Jersey, as was also the mother, and both removed PORTRAIT AND HIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. TfiO with their (larents to the State of Illinois at an early age, and were here marriod. The father's deatli oc- curred May I'o. 1890. at the age of sixty-two years aud four months. Of their union wei-e liorn nine children, six of whom are living at the present writing, viz: Daniel A.. Isfiac L., Sarah F.. Chailes R., Abram D., and .lacol) E. Daniel A. resides in London Jlills, and is in the grain, stock and lum- ber business; lie married Miss Miranda Hart, and to them iiave been born two children, viz: Burtfin B., , and Ada ISLabel. Sarah F. married John Schleieh, a farmer of Deerfield Township, and they have one child, Raymond Lester; Charles R. is single, and lives at iiome; Abram D. is agent at Cramer, 111., on tlie Iowa Central Railroad; Jacob K. lives at home; two children died in infancy, and Frank- lin M. died in 1 886. at the age of tvvent^y-nine years. Charles and Jacob have charge of the Swegle farm. The estate has not been divided and the heirs wish to run it together as long as possible. Isaac Lemuel was born on the 30th of May. 1858, on the Swegle homestead, and after receiving a com- mon-school education, he entered the Gem City Business College in .laniiary, 1886. and there com- pleted a full business course, graduating from that institution December 15, 1886. He then went to Charleston, Coles County, where he engaged in the abstract, real estate, and insurance business, enter- ing into partnership with George C. Mathers. He remained in the business eight months, and at the end of that time returned to Fairview in order to fill an office to which he had been appointed under President Cleveland. This office he held a little more than two years, and was then elected Collector of the township, collecting the taxes due for 188'J and 1890, beginning his work January 1, 1890. During the last illness of his father, our subject was very faithful in his attendance, and has since the sad event of his father's death given much at- tention to the management of the estate. His mother is still living in her fifl3-eiglitli year. Mr. Swegle is a member of the Democratic partj-. The great-grandfather came from Germany and settled in the State of New Jersey, (irandfalher Swegle served as a training ofHeer in a military company there, and was known as C'apt. Swegle. The mater- nal grandfather, James AUegar, vvas liorn in the State of New Jersey, and was a very successful brewer and distiller. He married Miss Ann Apgar, a native of New Jersey, and of this union wore born three children, viz: Margaret A., Mary K.. and Franklin L. James Allegar was married jireviously to his union with Miss Apgar, and of the first u'ron were born eight children, all of wIkhh are now du- ceascd. Charles R. Swegle was born December 16, 1862, at the old homestead, and grew to manhood in Fair- view Township, on the farm. He has had charge of the estate for the past four years in company with his brother Jacob. Tlie^y raise a high grade of cattle for the market, and have been very success- ful in their agricultural pursuits. Our subject is a most enterprising and energetic young man; he is a member of the I. O. O. F. Fairview Lodge No. 1 20. and at present Conductor. He is also a mem- ber of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and in poli- tics his S3'mpath\- and support are alwajs given to the Democratic party. EMIEL R. VANDEVENTER. Among Ji) those cultivating a portion of the soil of Orion Township to good advantfige may be numbered the subject of this notice, who owns and operates a well-regulated farm on section 1 1. He is classed among the most progressive j'oung agricul- turists of this section, aiming in every detail of his work to keep abreast of the times in all that i)er- tains to his occupation. He is a proininent mem- ber of the Knights of Labor and a well-res|)ected member of the community. Oiir subject is a son of John F. .and Sarah C. A'andeventer, residents of this county, whose family includes five sons and daughters. Lizzie lives in Orion Township, being the wife of James Rowe; Wilton M., a lawyer residing in Chicago, is also married; F'rank took to wife Miss Sarah Shoe- maker, their home being Glasford; Algeron F., married Clara Davis and lives in Arkansas. The natal daj' of our suljject was December 16. 1860. His school privileges were most excellent and hP acquired a liberal education. On September 770 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 10. 1885. he was iiiiiteft in marriage with Cassie A. Kelly, daughter of Jolin B. and Raeliaol (Proctor) Kelly, her family lieing one of the oldest in the county. Mrs. Yandevenler is well informed, with i)leasing manners and noble tr.iits of character. She is the mother of two children: Ray C, born Au- gust 17. 188fi, and Glenn L.. January 20, 1888. JRANVILLE M. McMILLAN. This gen- -. tieman is extensively engaged in farming, ^:ii5) owning six hundred and thirty acres on section 5, Banner Township. 'Ihe fine^ estate is supplied with every needful and convenient struc- ture in the way of farm buildings, is enclosed and divided into fielut little is known of his his- tory, however. Joseph Ross was a pioneer farmer of Seneca County, and there spent his last years. The maiden name of bis u-ile was Abigail Lee, and she was a daughter of Thomas and Wat}' (Shear- man) Lee. After tlie death of her husband she came to Illinois to live with her children, and died in Havana at an advanced age. Ossian M. Ross was reared to agriiailtural pursuits in his native State, and resided thereuntil 1S19, when he came to this State to secure the land given the soldiers b\' the Government for services ren- dereil in the War of 1812. He vvas accora|)anied by his wife and three children, and they made the first |)artof their journey by team to Glean Point, where they embarked on the long voyage on the Alleghany, Ohio and IMississippi Rivers to their destination. After his arrival at Alton Mr. Ross rented a place near Milton, in Madison County. He held patents for several quarter-sections of land, located on the military tract in what is now Fulton County. During the summer of 1820 he made a trip on horseback to this part of tlie country, in com|)any with three others, and decided to locate on a quar- ter-section of his land that lay on Otter Creek, that he might improve the water power. P^rom the "History of Fulton County" we extract the following interesting account of Mr. Ross' re- moval to this section of the ccunty, and the dis- couragements that be met that altered his plans, and caused him to locate where Lewistown now stands: "In the spring of 1821 Mr. Ross, with his family and a few men employed l)y him to make improvements, sailed up the Illinois River to Otter Creek in a keel-boat. After traveling up Otter Creek for some distance in their cumbersome keel-boat they came to a large tree fallen across the stream, which made a barrier that could not be passed over or around. These sturdy jiioneers, however, were not easily turned from their conse. They made preparations to saw the log into pieces and remove it. This scheme was frustrated, liow- ever, and the whole course of Mr. Ross' plans changed. A heavy rain fell during the night, and in the morning the log they intendeil to saw was six to eight inches under water, and therefore out of reach of workmen. He ran bis boat stern fore- most back down Otter Creek to the Illinois, and up that stream to Spoon River. He entered this stream and started np its swift swollen waters for Mr. Eve- and's landing, intending to go where he owned three quarter-sections of land. The greatest difficulty was experienced in ascending this turbulent stream, made so by recent reavy rains. It consumed sev- eral daj^s of constant hard labor to reach Eveland's. At places men were put upon the bank and with ropes dragged or cordelled the boat along. They linally reached Eveland's, in whose cabin the party found a warm welcome. There they remained until the arrival of the teams anil stock, which had lieen brought across the country. Mr. Ross with bis teams then started for his own land, where Lewistown now is. Men were sent ahead to cut down trees and clcMr a road. On arriving at the end of the journey, Mr. Ross jubilantly exclaimed to his family, 'We are now on our own land.' His daughter, Mrs. Steele, of Canton, who was then a little girl, quickly spoke np, 'Wh}', pa, have we come all this distance just for this ?' Nothing but a vast wilderness was s[)read out before tlicm wnerc the 'itllegirl e.\[ieeted to lind PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. sometliing wonderfully fine, else they woulil not iiave eiuliii-ed :ill the hardships that hart befallen tliem on Iheii- long journey." The little girl voiced tiie sentiments of many a tired, heartsick pioneer family on first arriving at its journey's end on some wild prairie or in tlie depths of a primeval forest. i\Ir. Ross constrncted a temporary slielter by putting forlced posts in the ground, extending poles between tliem and covering them with bark. This nide structure was usi'd for a habitation by the family until it was replaced in a few days by a cabin built of round logs, neither sawed timber or nails being used in its construction. The floor was made of puncheon, and the boards that covered tlie roof were rived by hand and held in position bv weight poles. At that time deer, wild turkeys and other game were plentiful, but l)read stuffs were scarce. There were no mills nearer then San- gamon County, and corn h.ad to be ground by a primitive and novel method. A hole was burned in the top of a i;tuinp, and a pole suspended after the manner of a well-sweep over the stump, which ground, or rather pounded the corn into meal. Another way of [uvparing it was to )Hck the corn in the fall of the year before it had hardened, and grate it by passing it over a plane or grater, and in that way reduce it to meal. As a man of more than ordinary intelligence, alulily and force of character, Ossian M. Ross soon assumed liis rightful place as a leader of the pioneers who came in to settle up this section of the coun- trv after he took u|) his abode here, and they ever looked to him for counsel and assistance. He bore the principal part in securing the organization of the county, going before the .Legislature in 1821 and using his influence to obtain the p.assagc of an act whereby' the greater portion of Northern Illi- nois was organized into a county called Fulton. He was also instrumental in securing the location of the county-seat at Lewistown, and he gave the countv thirteen town lots to bo used for public purposes. He filled various important civic ottices, serving as tlie first Justice of the Peace of the county, its second SheiitT, and as the third Treas- urer of the county. When Mr. Ross settled hero he was so pleased with his land and the beauties of the loi'ation. and its advantages as a town site, that he determined to lay off a town, and immediately put his project into execution, and the village tints platted he named in honor of his little son Lewis, and from this auspicious beginning has arisen a busy and flourishing little city, that is to-day an important agricultural and commercial center. The founder of Lewistown did not tarry many years within its limits, but in 1829 he sought greener fields and pastures new, going to the pres- ent site of Havana, Mason County. To him also be- longs the honor of laying out that town and being its first merchant, and he likewise platted the town of Bath. He was a mm of large enterprise, and his energies were devoted to several business ope- rations at the same time. He continued in the mercantile trade, and at the same time managed a ferry across the Illinois River, called Ross' Ferrj-. and was also engaged in farming and stock-raising. His death in Havana, January 20, 1837, while in the prime of life, v*^as a severe blow not only to the community, but to the county- at large, and even beyond its bounds. In the person of his wife, whose maiden name was Marj' Winans, iMr. Ross had an able coadjutor, who sj'mpathized with him heartily in his work, and b3' her advice and assistance was an important factor in his success in life. Slie was born April 1, 1793, in Morris County, N. J., and was married in Waterloo, N. Y., July 7, 1811. .Slie was a fine type of the self-s.acriBciug. warm-hearted pioneer women of this State, and at her death a source of valuable information eoncerning the pioneer his- tory of this part- of Illinois, whose growth she had watched with intelligent interest, was lost. She reared six children, of whom the following is re- corded: Lewis, the subject of this sketch, was the eldest of the fainil3'; Harriet, deceased, was the wife of Ambrose .S. Steele; Harvey L. resides in Oakland, C.al.; Lucinda, the first while child born in Fulton County, now living in Denver, Colo., married the lion. William Kellogg, late Member of Congress; Leonard 1'., a resident of Iowa, was a Lieutenant in the Mexican War, and a General in tlie War of the Rebellion; Pike C. is engaged in the mercantile business in Canton. The Hon. Lewis W. Ross, in whose honor these PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 775 lines are written, was in his eiglitli year when he came to Illinois with his parents. He leceiverl his education in the pionesr schools. The first he ever attended was taught in the log sclioolhouse of _vore, with its puncheon floor, benches made of splitting a log, hewing one side smooth, and insert- ing wooden [jins for legs, and greased paper cover- ing the hole made l)j' removing a log from the side of the cabin serving instead of glass for a window. He subsequently became a student at Jacksonville College, of which Edward Beecherwas then President, and during his three years course there obtained high rank for good sciiolarship. He had a taste for jurisprudence, having a logical, analytical mind, and good powers of orator}-, and in 1835 he commenced the study of law with Josiah Lamborn, at Jacksonville, 111. He applied himself closely to his books under the instruction of that gentleman, remaining with him a 3'ear, and at the end of that time went to Havana, where he contin- ued his studies. In the winter of 183G-37 he went to Vandalia. then the State C'ai)ital, and when the Legislature was organized was appointed clerk of one of the committees. While performing his clerical functions in llie Assembly, ]Mr. Ross received the sad tidings of the ileath of his father, in the month of January, 1837, and he immediately' set out on his return home. He borrowed a horse, and made his way home across the intervening wild and sparsely settled country as rapidly as possible, and at the end of two weeks arrived at his journey's end at Havana. He had been appointed one of the executors of his father's estate, and at once entered upon his duties as such. He resided in Havana until 1839, when he came to Lewistown and formed a partnership with J. P. Boyce for the practice of law, and thev were together some years. In 1846 Mr. Ross enlisted to take part in the Mexican War, and was elected Captain of Com- panj' K, Fourth Illinois Infantry, commanded by Col. E. D. Baker. Our subject continued in the service until his honorable discharge in June, 1847, with his regiment, he having proved a brave and able officer. He returned to Lewistown and re- sumed the practice of law, and his time was devoted to the interests of an extensive clientage until he was elected to Congress and entered upon his dis- tinguished career as a statesman. When he re- turned to private life he embarked in the mercantile business, and at one time w.as also extensively en- gaged in farming. He is now living in retirement. in the enjo^'ment of a handsome income from his landed estates and other valuable property. Fifty-one years ago, June 13. 1839. the subject of this biography was weddeil to .Aliss Frances M. Simras, who was born in Virginia July 18, 1821. Theirs has been a felicitious marriage, as she has found in him a devoted husband, and he in her a true companion and faithful friend, who has tilled in a perfect measure the duties of wife and mother. Much of the comfort and pleasintness of their at- tractive home is due to her untiring efforts and her able management of household affairs. Wliile life has brought to them many pleasures, the sorrow common to mortals has befallen them in the death of some of their children. They celebrated their golden wedding June 13, 1889. They have four children living: John W., Postmaster of Washing- ton, D. C; Lewis C. and Pike C. at home with their [mrents; Jennie, wife of G. K. Barrere, of Canton. Mr. Ross has exerted a marked influence on the civil and political life of this county, has taken a deep interest in its welfare, materially and other- wise, and has borne a prominent part in promoting its rise and progress to its present high standing among its sister counties as a wealthy and well- developed country and the richest agricultural cen- tre of Illinois. He has long been prominent in the councils of the Democratic party. When a you no- man he was in sympathy with the Whigs. While he was in college he joined a debating society, of which he was for a time President. He took a leading part in the debates, always preparing his speeches with great care. In his search for knowl- edge upon which to base his arguments, his politi- cal o|>inions were formed, and he becam« a member of the Democratic party, and has since been a zeal- ous supporter of its principles. His fellow-citizens have honored him and themselves by calling him to responsible public positions, which he has filled with ability and with a conscientious regard to the highest interests of the .State and country. He was elected- to the Hlinois Legislature in 1840, and "70 PORTRAIT AXD BIOGRAl'IIR'AL ALBUM. ;igain in 1844. Tn 1SB2 he was eJecteil Congress- man from the Xiiitli l^istrict, and so well i)leased was liis constituency with his course during Hint term, it re-elected him in 1864, and again in 186G, am! his whole career while at the National Capital niai-ked him as an able and wise legislator. Mr. Ross has been a menil)er of two constitutional con- ventions in Illinois, and a delegate to manj' of the State and National Conventions. He acted in thtit capacity at the Charleston Convention in 1860, and at Baltimore in the same year, being one of the strongest supporters of S. A. Douglas present at either convention. He took an active part in the ileliberaiions of the National Convention at St. Louis in 1876 as one of its prominent delegates, and used his influence to secure tlie nomination of Samuel J. Tilden. and he was a delegate to the National Convention at Cincinnati in 1880. U=i=^— ^ ,ETER B. SMALL. If bread is the staff of life accoiding to vegetarians, there is a large class who would accord that place to meat. The man, therefore, who supplies his fellow- citizens with healthy flesh fills a position of impor- tance in the settlement, and may well be noted among the prominent business men. Such a place is held by Mr. Small, who has been more or less i extensively engaged in butchering during the past ! twenty-five years and is now carrying on a fine tr.'icle in Canton. Mr. Small is a native of Franklin County, Pa., where his eyes ojiuned to the light October 13, 1S41. His parents, John and Nancy (Uuffey) Small nerc also born in the Keystone .State, the one one being of German and the other of Irish de- scent. The grandfathers of our subject bore the respective names of .John Small and James Duffey. John Small was a carpenter and joiner and fol- lowed his trade during the greater part of his life. Some time after his marriage he removed to this county, locating in Canton and dying here in 1861, about the time that the Civil War broke out. He had been living here a little more tiian a decade and had become quite well known as a good work man and worthy citizen. His family consisted of five sons and five daughters, all of whom are yet living except two. Our subject is the lirst-boin in the parental fam- ily. His boyhood and youth were passed in his native county where he acquired a fair educati(ju and then learned the trade of a saddler and harness- maker. This he followed until the outbreak of the Rebellion when he laid aside the peaceful weapons with which he was endeavoring to acquire a compe- tence aiiolitical circles and in 1890 he ninde a close run for the candidacy for County Clerk of Ful- t(in County and served as Su[)ervisor of Fairview Township in 187L His political belief is that of the Democratic party, while he belongs to the Re- formed Church at Fairview, and is now serving his second 3'ear as Deacon. Much of interest might be related concerning the life of the Rev. A. D. Wilson, the father of our subject. Of him the History of Fulton (bounty thus speaks: "October 3, 1837 Rev. A. 1). Wilson from New Brunswick, N. J., arrived at Fairview, being sent to see if a church could be established. On the 1 6 tb the Reformed Church of F'airview was or- ganized by Rev. Mr. Wilson. The organization con- sisted of eight members, with John S. Wyckoff and Clarkson Van Nostrand as Elders and Aaron D. Addis as Deacon. This was the first organization of this religious denomination west of the Alle- ghany Mountains, and is truly styled 'the parent Church of the West.' "Rev. Mr. Wilson then returned to his home in the East, and left the congregation without a pastor or church building. But the people were zealous and steadfast and from Sunday to Sunday assembled for prayer and praise. These meetings were gen- erally led by Capt. John S. Wyckoff. During all this time the little band was sending up the Mace- donian cry to their friends in the East to come and help them. The matter was laid before the church authorities in convention assembled and the cry arose, "who will go?" No one, as he contemplated the privations and hardships incident to pioneer life, had a desire to endure them. For a time si- lence reigned. At last a voice arose in that assem- bly saying, 'tlie child born in the wilderness shall not be left to perish; if no one else can be found, I will go.' This was the voice of the Rev. A. D. Wilson, who the fall previous had organized the congregation, but had no expectation or desire to move West, being pleasantly situated among his congregation at^North Branch, N. J." Responding to the call of duty this noble minis- ter left his home and came to the pioneer lands of Illinois, arriving in Fulton County in July, 1838, and immediately commenced his labors. After successfully carrying on the work many years, he resigned April 11, 1850. In regard to his personal history it may be said that he was a native f)f Am- well Township, Hunterdon County, N. J., and a graduate of Rutgers. He was truly a wonderful man and possessed the peculiar power of making and keeping friends. His first charge was in the State of New York. His wife bore the maiden name of Julia A. Evertson; she was a native of Orange County, N. Y.. and was educated at Poughkeepsie. Ten children were born of their union, of whom six li vcd to niaturilv, as follows: John E.. Jane 780 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. D., Julia A., Abraham D., Margaret A., and Henry Mailiu Baldwin, our subject. The name of the Rev. Mr. Wilson justl}' appears on the annals of the church history of Fulton County as being a man of moio than ordinar}- skill and worth and as being universally^ respected by all with whom he came in contact. To those who be- lie\"e iu the wise piovisions of Providence, the fact of his illness and afflictions, which pointed to an early grave, was but His spur to drive him into the far West, there to do His work. Tlie strange thing is that after having been given up by his phj^sicians in the East and being so reduced that he weighed only ninety-seven pounds, he nevertheless regained perfect health after coming here. It appears that the Lord had a work for him to do, and when He had directed him to go where He wanted him He gave him strength of body in order to attend to the spiritual welfare of his flock. His vigor came back to him with interest, as it were, for his standing weight for 3-ears was from one hun- dred and ninetj'-six to two hundred pounds. He lived to be ninety years old, and optratcd a farm in connection with his clerical duties. Our subject was boru April "22, 1838. and at an early age manifested great liking for farm life, commencing wiiile quite young to assist in its la- bor. He had the educational advantages of the Fairview public school. He entered Knox College at the age of fifteen, and when seventeen entered Rutgers, wliere he remained two j'ears. In 1862 he made an overland trip to California in company with Luther Pumyea, reaching Marysville, Cal., about the 1st of September. AVhen there the^' en- gaged in mining and met with good success, and he finally started a meat market at that city. He re- turned home via tlie Isthmus in 18()4, and resumed farming. Mr. Wilson, in 18G9, married Miss Sarah Cath- erine Skillman, daughter of William and Eliza Ann (Robertson) Skillman, natives of New Jersey. They came to Illinois in 1837, settling at first in Menard County, and coming to Fairview during the war. After his marriage, our subject purchased eighty acres of land and after his father's death bought the old homestead wiiich embraced one hun- dred and sixty acres. To himself and wife have been born seven children, viz: Oscar L.. Bertha A.. Leoda. Margie, Kliza A.. Lester Gaddis. and Celia E. Tiie^subject of our sketch lias figured very con- spicuouslyjin bringing the railroad to this pUaceaud is prominent in politics. He is an extensive prop- erty owner, owning the brick store that contains the Masonic Hall, and has four fine farms. He con- tributed liberall}- to the railroad enterprise and also gave hisper.sonal attention^to the matter [working faithfully- for the cause, bothliere and in Lewistown Tov?nship. Indeed, Mr. Wilson is a gentleman of l)ronouneed ability and in addition to^fthis. is one of those courteous, genial men who have always a high place in the regard of the'community in which the}' reside. 1^^- •■ m ;,f OHX W. MOORE. This energetic, enter- prising joung man is a representative stock- grower of this county. He is a member of the well-known firm of A. C. Moore & Sons, breeders of Percheron horses and Poland-China hogs, carrying on their extensive business in Buck- heart Township. The subject of this review was born Maj- 25, 1850, in Fulton County. His father is a native of New Jersej'. He left that State at the age of eighteen, and settled among the pioneers of Butler Count}'. Ohio, and for several years was connected with the agricultural development of that part of the country. He thei-e met and married Jane Will- iamson, a native of Butler County, born of pioneer parentage. The following is the record of their three children: Maggie J., who was born in the month of April. 1847, is living now in Iowa, but will soon take up her residence in Buckheart Township; Charles A., born in the month of July. 1859, is in business with his father and brother; John W. is our subject. Charles is a bright, wide- awake young man, and is ably man.aging his farm of one hundred and sixty acres of fine farming and pasture land. John Moore was reared to agricultural pursuits and has displayed an adaptability and talent for his calling ever since he entered upon hi^ career as a a^-j. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 7h;5 breeder of horses and liogs that has placed him high in the ranks of our best farmers. He owns a slock farm of two liundred acres, that is under fine improvement, is supplied with ample barns, a sub slantial residence, and all necessary buihlings and machinery. The business in which our subject is principally engaged was established by his father, who came to this State in 1855, man}' years ago, he being the first to introduce the full-blooded Poland-China hog into this section of the country. Four 3ears ago he and his sons began the breeding of the Percheron-Norman horse. They have already made a success of this, as the3- did in raising bogs, and their name is becoming well-known in the principal markets as the breeders of sound, higli- graded stock. To the lady vvho presides so gracefully over his comfortable home and aids him in dispensing its charming hospitalities to their numerous friends, Mr. Moore was married March 7, 1877. She was formerly Miss Jessie Hetrick, and is a daughter of George and Amanda Hetrick, of Canton Township. Mr. and Mrs. Moore have three children: Wyllys K., the oldest, who was born December 11, 1878; George A., .Tanuarv 27, 1879; Fred C, Ma}' 11, 1884. ' LVAN KIDDER. The old saying "that mucli reading makoth a wise man" is fully verified in the case of our subject, who {^J through the greater i)artof his life has been a constant reader of standard works, and is gifted with a wonderfully strong memory, and thus enabled to treasure np the information gained. Few men possess greater po • er as a conversationalist than does Mr. Kidder, and few can so well plead the cause of their party when it comes to a political contest. He is perhaps more widely known throughout Fulton County than any other gentle- man in Farmington. and is a politician of great force. Mr. Kidder (irst made his ap|)earance upon the stage of life at Randolph, i\Iass., being a son of Alvan and Betsy (Mann) Kidder. His birth occurred on November 25, 1824, and he re- ceived a creditable education in his native State, first attending the common schools, and later, when eight years old, entering the academy at Randolph. He afterwards attended Centre Academy in Ver- mont, and a Quaker boarding-school in Sandwich, Mass. Onr subject commenced his business career as a clerk in a mercantile house at Randoliih. and in 1847, in comp.iny witli iiis brotlier George, came West to manage his father's branch house in Farm- ington. Here they carried on an extensive and lu- ralive business, devoting their entire time to com- mercial matters, and paying no attention what- ever to society. Our subject at an early age evinced a decided taste for politics, and even in his native State his S3'mpathies were all on the side of the Democratic party. He soon withdrew from the mercantile business, putting his money into land, and turned his skill and energy to the suc- cessful cultivation of the same. In this occupation he still continues up to the present writing, having made his home on his present estate since 1850. The subject of our sketch was married October 24, 1852, to Miss Lucy J. Evvalt, a native of the Hoosier State and a daughter of John P^walt, one of the earliest pioneers of Peoria Count}-. Mr. Ewalt came here as a young man with his wife, who previous to her marriage was Miss Lucy Dow- den, of the Blue Grass State. They afterward moved t,o Indiana, where Mrs. Kidder was born, being the ninth of the ten children born to her par- ents. She received an education such as was to be had in the pioneer days of Illinois, having come here with her parents when three 3-ears old. Blr. and Mrs. Kidder have been blessed wilh three children, viz: Earl Douglass. George L. and Harriett. Miss Harriett possesses decided musical talent, and is a vocalist of considerable note. She sings in the Universalist Church at Peoria, and having received careful training for a long time from efficient vocal teachers will no doubt achieve marked success in the musical world. Our subject owns valuable farming land in Knox, Peoria, Fulton and Woodford Counties, and re;d estate in Farniiniiton and Peoria, lie is not a 784 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. ehurcli member, jbut if he has any preference it -is towards the Universalist Church. His fatlicr, who boie tlie samcjnnme, was a cultivattd man and had represented large business interests all his life. He was a man of^singular force of character, and was alvays ready to assist the needy, and practice jus- tice in'every relation of life, and his son, having in a great measure inherited these traits, is natur- ally a successful and popular gentleman. -— >>^c:^^5o^^'^^=— JOSEPH WESLEY FISHER. A fine repre- sentative of a famil}' to whom mathematical and mechanical abilit}' seem natural, the gen- tleman of whom this brief notice is written is an exceedingly intelligent citizen of Fulton County, wdiere he prosecutes his avocation as a contractor and builder, and is also proprietor of an hotel at Middle Grove, Farmington Township. An inter- ■ csiintc com[)anion, a devoted husbarjd and kind father, it is not surprising that he enjoys the friend- siiip of the entire community and the goodwill of all who know him. ;Mr. Fisher comes of worthy and patriotic lineage, his great-grandfather. Jacob .Smith, serving in the lievolulionary War. His other great-grandfather, ,)ohn Fisher, was a famous frontiersman in the Indian Wars. Judge Smith was a prominent man in his d.ay, and the entire family, on both sides, is an illustrious one, which from generation to generation wins high esteem in the communities where its various representatives reside. The characteristic feature of the family is mechanical genius and they have one and all manifested great skill in archi- tecture. The father of our subject bore the name of Jacob Fisher, and was the son of John Fisher, a success- ful farmer in Pennsylvania, and tradition has it that his ancestors settled in the Keystone State about the time of William Penn. The father mar- ried Miss Louisiana Gardner, u native of Pennsyl- vania, as was also her husband, and to them were born eleven children, of whom our subject was the second in order of birth. The family, in 1 8.5o, came to Illinois and located in F'ulton County, where the father became prominent and served for several years as Supervisor of Young Hickory Township, being elected on the Democratic ticket. He is now residing in Oneida. Knox County, this State, and although he has attained his seventy- seventh year, is as active as a boy of eighteen. The mother died in 1887 at the age of sixty-nine years. They were highly esteemed in this county, and were regarded as among its worthiest citizens. The following is the record of the brothers and sisters (jf our subject: Christopher Paul, who was a soldier in the late war, enlisting in Comjiany B, One Hundred and Third Illinois Infantry, and is now a farmer near Rising, Neb.; next in order of birth is our subject; Daniel Moftit, an ai-cliitect and builder, is at present in London Mills; Franklin Mari.an lives in Middle Grove; Jacob Edward Grif- fin, an attorney in Harper. Kan.; Homer James Clark, a carpenter and contractor, is now a mer- chant in Macomb, III.; Elizabeth (Fisher) Folmer, the wife of a farmer in Fairview Townsliip; Laura Kate, Mrs. Barlow, a teacher in Canton. 111. He of whom we write was born April 1, 1842, in West Newton, Westmoreland County, Pa., and p.assed the first thirteen years of his life in his native place, receiving the advantages of a common school education and aiding his father in the work at home. He was a bright and intelligent lad, full of fun and frolic, yet possessing a good disposition and a de- sire to progress in his studies. In 18ju he accom- ixanied his parents from their Eastern home to the Ohio River, down that placid stream to the broad Mississippi, then up the Illinois River to Liver|)ool, where they landed. The father being a carpenter by trade, our subject was enabled at an early age to perfect iiimself in this calling. When he had arrived at years of maturity. .Mr. Fisher became deeplj' interested in the welfare of the Union, and upon the outbreak of the Civil War he enlisted in Company B, One Hundred and Third Illinois Infantry, under Capt. O. D. Car|)cnter. In the same company were three uncles of Mr. Fisher, five cousins, and a brother. He was mustered into service in Peoria in 1862, and, after drilling at Camp Fulton about six weeks, was assigned with his company to Sherman's Old Fifteenth Corps. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 785 They pnrticipated in man}' important engagements, their firsi battle being at Blaclv Hiver, and later they were engaged at Jackson. Miss., Mission Ridge, Resaca, Big Shanty, Kcnosaw Mountain. New Hope, Dallas, the battle of July 22, when McPherson fell, that of July 28 on the right of Atlanta, Jonesbor- ough. Rough and Read}-, and Atlanta. Of his excellent war record iMr. Fisher is justly proud, lie was never captured, although in some of the fioicest battles of the war. He look part in the battle of GriswoldviUe, Ga., on the march to the sea, where Wolcot's Brigade of fourteen hundred, met ton times their number of rebels in an open field light, and after four hours of hard fighting drove them in confusion from the field, killing and capturing more than the victorious party numbered. Mr. Fisher was severely wounded, being shot through the thigh by a minie ball, which he carried two uionths before it was extracted, and which is still in his possession. He was sent to Beaufort, .S. C, and remained in the hosijital for some time, aftfr wliich ho was transferred to New York, and from the hospital of that city was hon- orably discharged May 22, 1865. Immediately after his discharge Mr. Fisher re- turned home, and in the winter of 18G5-06 attended Eastman's Business College in Chicago. For several years he continued to advance his education by teaching during the winter and attending school in summer. He ordered goods to start in the mercan- tile business in 1868, in Maqnon, but wa5 burned out before they were opened. Fndismayed, how- ever, by this unfortunate occurrence, he re-com- menced his duties as a teacher. He subsequently labored as a contractor and builder, and his industry' and unflagging perseverance have brought to him a, high reputation among his fellow-men. He now ranks among the leading contractors of the county. He is a consistent member of the Christian Church and is serving as Deacon. One of the most important events in the life of Mr. Fisher was his union, October 18, 1871, to Miss Addie Flake, daughter of William and Nancy (Nelson) Flake. Her parents were married in Illinois, whither tliey had come from their native States, the father being a native of Indiana and the mother of Pennsylvania. At the early age of thii ty- seven years the father died at his home in Union Township. The mother survives at the age of sixty-two years, and resides with her children. They were the [jarents of five children, viz: Charles, Addie, William, Frank and John. To our subject and his estimable wife were born six cluldren, namely: Laura Edith, Anna Gertrude, William Herbert, Homer Ralph, Harr}' LeRoy and Franklin Earl. The children are bright and refined, and are receiving excellent training in the schools of the town and under careful home influences. ILLIAM P. MILES. The native-born cit- \\\A/// i^s^s of this county are coming rajiidly to tlie front in various lines of work; partic- ularly in agriculture, which is pre-eminently the occu|)ation of the residents herein. The gentle- man above named is one of the shrewdest, most intelligent farmers of Waterford Township, worth- ily representing an honored ancestry. He be- gan his life career with no capital but his natural endowments, a common-school education and a strong will. Althougli comparatively young ho h.as already made a small fortune and has a home of great comfort. Before entering ui)on the life of our subject it will not be amiss to note some facts in the ances- tral record. Benjamin Miles, great-grandfather of our subject, was born March 11,1754, and was one of the colony that accompanied Gen. Eufus Putnam to Ohio in 1791, three years after Gen. Putnam's first settlement. The first six years of residence was spent in the fort of Blarietta, after which Mr. Miles removed to Belpre, sixteen miles below, where he secured a tract of land. He erected a rude log house, opened a public tavern, being one of the early landlords of the State, and cleared a farm' from the wilderness. There he spent the remainder of his life, dying October 29. 1817. The maiden name of his wife was Hannah Buck- minster. She was born June 21, 1781. .She and htr husband were members of the Congregational Church, and she used to ride on horseback to meet- 786 I'ORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. iiig. It is relaterl that at one lime siie ro'le to Newarlv, one luin- Cosier and has two children — ^Ivan N. and Yiola; he resides on a part of his father's farm. William G. is a farmer in Buckheart Township; he married Lizzie Hill and has two children — Marie and Rossie. The other members of the family still brighten the home fireside. The oldest daughter. Belle, has a keen intellect and a decided aptitude for the prac. tical application of business principles. She is a graduate of the Business College at Canton, and is thordughl}- qualified to support herself should any need arise of her exercising her talents. Mr. McKinney has alw.aj'S taken a deep interest in school affairs. He is at present a member of the School Board and has done efficient work as such for twenty years. He is one of the stanch meiube's of the Republican parly, whose vote can always be counted on. His religious belief is expressed in the creed of the Baptist Church and he is identilied with the society of that denomination in Canton. He is undoubtedly' looked upon with as great a de- gree of respect as any citizen in this vicinity, and possesses as many genuine friends as any man can boast. He is of Irish ancestiy in the paternal line, his great-grand father McKinney having been born in the P^merald Isle. He emigrated to America and be- came the owner of large estates in New .Jersey. He gave his allegiance to the side of the Tories, fearing that the English would gain tlie day and confiscate the property of the Whigs when the struggle for American independence took place. In the maternal line Mr. McKinney is descomled from Daniel Youngs, a native of Ilollanrl, who served in the Revolutionary War as a patrolman. The father of Mrs. McKinnej-, Henr^' Y. An- drews, was one of the earl}- settlers of this .State, having been brought hither by his jiarents when but a child. This was in 1819, when Peoria w.is but an Indian trading-post. The following year his parents died within three days of each other, and he was thus left an orphan at the tender age of seven years. He vvas adopted into the family of his brother-in-law, D. W. Barnes, and reared by that gentleman in the wilds of Fulton County. He ma^- be said to have had a "log cabin" education, as he attended the first school at Peoria, then Ft. Clark, and also the first one in Canton, both of which were held in log buildings. His early sur- roundings were those of a sparselj" settled prairie and his playmates the children of the red men who then trod the sod where the thrifty city of Canton is now located. Pages could easil}' be written of his interesting and at times hazardous experiences, now joining in the sports of the little savages, now wending his way to school, and again taking part PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 789 in the iluer hunts, Christmas flinners and otlicr holi- day festivities whose iiihirity enlivened those eaily times, lie j^ives a glowin<; desci'ipticjn of the lirst tth of July celebralion in this county, where he listened to the oratorical efforts of William Ems, who did the '-spread engle" act in honor of the Nation's birthday. In 182-1 Mr. Andrews removed to Canton Town- shii). settling about one mile northwest of the pres- i ent site of Canton, where not even llie vestige of a hamlet was then to be seen. The year 1.S27 found him working in the h'ad mines of Galena, and in 1832, while still in his teens, ho was engaged in the famous Black Hawk War. At its close lie returned to this county and settled down to farming. Feb- ruary 2o, 1840, he was married to Miss Sarah Shane, who was l)orn in Virginia and came with her father, James Shane, to this section iit an early day. Mr. Andrews is now seventy-five years old and his wife sixty-eight. They still live near Canton. They have had ten children, eight of whom are liv- ing. These are: Hervey L., of Peoria; Mrs. L. F. Randolph, of Joshua Township; Mrs. Newman Mc- Kinney ; George B. ; Abner B. ; Frank B. ; Sadie mar- ried Louis Kruse, and they live in Peoria: and Corwin II. i^, HILIP RKIHM. The fine place owned and occupied by this gentleman consists of two hundred and ten acres on sections 27 and 28, Yonng Hickory Township, watered by Coal Creek and the living water from several S|)rings. The dwelling is a capacious, homelike structure, 26x28 feet, erected in 1883, and sur- rotinded by orchard and shade trees, and other evi- dences of good taste. A barn, 30x3C feet, was put up in 188(3, and the estate is further supplied with structures necessary and convenient. The latest improvements in the way of machinery are used by Mr. Reihm, who holds a high position among the agriculturists of the vicinitj-. Our subject is a native of Bavaria, born in the village (jf Marbaeh, two miles from Sweedbriggen, Marcli 17, 1834. His birthplace was a farm vil- lage su|iplied with good schools, where he studied from six until fourteen years old in accordance with the law of the land. He also became acquainted willi farm hibor, remaining with his father unlil he was seventeen years old, when, believing that bet- ter opportunities awaited him in America, he de- cided to come liither. In the spring of 18.01 young Reihm sailed from Havre, France, on the American shii) "'Electric," whirli reached New York after a somewhat exciting l)assage of fortj'-two days. The vessel was be- calmed three weeks, after which a storm arose. The CM|)tain had tiecome intoxicated, and when he be- gan issuing commands, did not know what he was saving. The first mate, realizing the situation, gave a contrary command, at which the sailors stopped their maneuvers. An altercation arose between the captain and mate, which ended in the former being kicked into his room and locked uji. In twentj'- I'our hours the boat was in New York harbor, whereas, had the captain's orders been carried out it would probably have gone down in tlie gale. During the vo3'age the jiassengers had been in close proximity to icebergs and a school of whales. Mr. Reihm, after landing among strangers, went on to Oneida County, where he worked out the first year for $80, his vv.ages being advanced the next year to $10 per month, and afterward still further increased. He remained in that county four and one-half years, working on three difTerent places during that time. In the fall of 1858 he came to Illinois by rail, slopping at Prairie City, and thence coming on to Ellisville. In this neigh- borhood he worked out by the month until after the otitbreak of the Civil War, when, firmly con- vinced of the justice of the Union cause, he entered the army. In August, 1862, he was enrolled in Company D, One Hundred and Thiid Illinois In- fantry, and going from Fairview to Peoria, w.as mustered in and sent South. The company commander was Capt. Wycoff, un- der whose leadership our sui)ject was soon engaged in martial affrays. Tlie first service of the com- pany w,as chasing Price's men, guarding roads and skirmishing for about a 3'ear. Mr. Reihm was then left at the Memphis hospital sick, and on recover- ing rejoined his regiment at Black River. The 790 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. boys were in the rear at Vioksburg, then went up tlie Mississippi to Memphis, wlicnce they marched to Chattanooga, anrl took i)art in the battle of Mis- sionar3' Ridge. Before the engagement the brigade to which our subject belonged was sent on a flank movement around the ridge, and Price getting af- ter them, they came near being cut off from the rest of the forces and captured. They, however, got hack across the river, and held a place on the left during the engagement. After the battle they moved back to the vicinity of Scottsburg, where they went into winter quarters. In the spring of 1864: they joined Sherman, but our subject, who had in the meantime been again taken sick, was left behind, lie was detailed for garrison duty at Kuntsville, Ala., until Hood's re- turn to that neighborhood, when ho went back to Nasliville. His next duty was to guard men to .and from their commands, having from twent}^ to sixty men under his command. He was taken sick again two montiis before his discharge, having taken cold, and over exerted himself. His dis- charge was received at the Nashville hospital May 15, 1865, and coming to Springfield, 111., he was |)aid off and then came to Fairview. Mr. Reihm again went to work as a fnxm laborer, liut in the fall purchased one hundred and sixteen .acres of his present pLice. He was joined in the enterprise by Mr. J. L. Fingel. his father-in-law and his brother-in-law, but the land wiis divided between them in 18.66. There were scarcely any improve- ments upon the land, but Mr. Reihm took posses- sion and at once began to clear and grub out the timber and break the sod. He went in debt for stock and machinery, but from year to year paid off his indebtedness and improved his circumstances. He replaced the log cabin which was his first home, by the substantial dwelling he now occupies, set out apple and peach trees, built fences and other- niax; brought up the place to its present excellent condition. He .added to his share of the original liurch.ase, m.aking the home farm the size before noted, and owns also twenty acres of timber ianrl on .section ■/I. He raises both grain and stock, the latter being of liigh gr.ade. His horses are graded Norman and Clydesdales, and some eight head are i;cnerally to be seen on the place. Two teams are emploj'ed in cultivating the soil and earing for the produce. Mr. Reihm fi^eds about a car load of hogs and cattle per year. The marriage of Mr. Reihm and Miss Catherine A. Fingel was solemnized in Deerfield Township, November 12, 1865. The bride was born near Du- denhofen, Germany, June 27, 1848. She was six j'ears old wh^ her parents emigrated to America, and soon as she was old enough she worked her own way in life. Her father, John L. Fingel, was born in Hesse-Darmstadt, Germany, and was a farmer there. In 1854 he crossed the briny deep, and set- tled in Deerfield Township. He now owns one hundred and sixt}' acres of land there, upon which he resides and which he has thoroughly improved. His wife, formerly Margaret AV^alter, is also a na- tive of Germany. They are identified with the Lutheran Church. Their family comprised two sons and two daughters, Mrs. Reihm being the young- est. The oldest child, Peter, died in Deerfield Township; Mary is now Mrs. Marr, of Iowa; Henry lives on the homestead. To Mr. and Mrs. Reihm eiglit children have been born, named respectively: Henry, Katie, Charles, Fiank. Frederick, Philip. Jr. , Albert, and Sylves- ter. Henry is clerking and doing other work in Fairview; Katie is also employed in that vill.age ; Charles and Frederick are at work near that place; the other members of the family are yet at home. Mr. Reihm is now serving his second term as School Director. He belongs to Casper Shleich Post, No. 618, G. A. R., at Ellisville. .and has been Orderly. He is a true Republican, labors actively to advance the party principles, and was delegate to county conventions unty he resigned from that honor. He belongs to the Lutheran Church at Coal Creek, which he assisted in building up, and of which he has been Deacon. He is as deeply in- terested in the public welfare as an}' man in this vicinity, and enjoys the esteem of his neighbors. His good wife is one of the most highly honored ladies in the township, fully deserving of the repu- tation which she bears. Our subject is a gr.andson of Daniel Reihm, a Bavarian farmer who owned much property. He was a Justice and Mayor of Marbach. The family was one of prominence, and htid long lived in that >-%% yf--/2#^^^wL. . H; ^- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 791 vicinity. Tlie father of our subject was reared tiiere, followed the ancestral occupation, and be- came the owner of a farm. He was considerably interested in stock-raising as well tis in tillint;- the soil. He drew liiniself free from army service. He was a Squire, transacting the business of the town. He died in 1864, cheered by the faith of t!ie Evan- gelical Ciuirch. The motlier of our subject was Louisa Casper, a Bavarian lady who lircathed her last in 18r)3. Slie was borji in Anerbach, where her father, Daniel Cas- per, w.as engaged in farming. She bore her hus- band six children — Daniel, Philip, Belcher, Mary, now Mrs. Brady; Apeline (Mrs. Dalhauser) ; and Margaret (Mrs. Noe). The latter is living in Ohio, being the only one besides our subject who has emigrated to America. ^£ l^ WjILliam b. martin, m. resentativc of tiie youui ,, ^ Fulton County, who are rilLLIAM B. MARTIN, M. D.. is a fine rc))- piiysicians of ity, who are successfully en- gaged in the practice of their noble calling. He is a young gentleman of marked enterprise and niucli ability, and an honorable and remunerative career appears to lie before him in the fields of politics and medicine. The Doctor is a native of this State, born in Coal Valley, Rock Island County, March 7, IHfiO. His father. Dr. Thomas Martin, came from Colum- biana County, Ohio, to Illinois and died in Hock Island County in the montli of April, 1890. at tlu! age of sixty-six years. He was a very inomineut citizen in that (lart of the State and was atone time Supervi.sor, representing Coal Valley on the Rock Island County Board of Supervisors, and was also Postmaster and Justice of the Peace. He was an officer in the war and served gallantly .as Captain of Company II, One Ilundrel and Twent3'-sixtli Illinois Infantry. He was pre-eminent in the re- ligious and social life of his community, and was the leading organizer of the Coal Valley Presby- terian Church, towards the support of which he contributed libeially, acting as its ruling Elder to the time of his death. In early life Thomas Martin married Miss Mar\ A. Connelly, a native of Ireland. She survives her husband and is now fifty-eight years old. .She is r. most estimable lady and a respected resident of (Joal \'alle}\ Prior to this union Mr. Martin had been married before and by that marriage had one child, Walter B. who is still living. Our subject's mother had also been married before she met Mr. Martin, her first husband's name being William Brown. She had no children I)y that marriage. By the union with the father of our subject she had three children: William lirown, our subject, Thomas R. and Minnie. The latter is a successful teacher and had charge of the ))rimary department of the Norris Schools in the season of 1889-90. Thomas R. is engaged as clerk for the Coal Valley Mining Company in Rock Island. Dr. Martin, of whom we write, spent the early j-ears of his life in his native county and when a boj' beg.an to clerk in his father's drug-store. He was given the advantages of a liberal education, and after attending the Coal Valley High School he w.as a student in the Scientilic Department of Knox College three years and ranked as a junior when he left college to teach. His first experience as a teacher was in the sjiring of 1878-79 in a country school in Rural Township. Rock Island County. III. In 188o-84 he was Principal of the Rapids City High School. The next two years he acted in the same capacity in the Coal Valle}- Higli School. He made a decided success as a teacher but had a pro- nounced taste for the medical profession and abandone a representative in llie third generation of old settlers in FnUon County, and of Southern- born ancestors. His grandfatlier, Pleasant M. Car- ver, was born in Albemarle (bounty, Va., January, 1788, and died on his farm in Bnckheart Township, this county, November 22, 1876. His wife, form- erly Catherine .Sliryock, died some time before his own decease. They had come hither from Lexing- ton, Ky., in 1833. They had nine children. The natal day of Allen Carver, the father of our subject, was October 29, 1819, and his birthplace Lexington, IMadison County, Ky. He grew to ma- turity in Fulton County, 111., marrying Elizabeth Mahannah, the ceremony taking place June 7, 1854. Mrs. Carver was born in Buckheart Township, July 5, 1829, her parents having come hither from Penn- Si'lvauia, and removed to Fairbury, Livingston County, about 1850. Fhe family of Allen Carver and his wife consisted of the follovving children, namely: Mary R., Benjamin C, Catherine Eliza, Cornelius Benton. Emma Elizabeth, Oscar M., and Annie Sirrilda. Benjamin C. was born November 7, 1860, and died June 19, 1866; Catherine, born February 20, 1858, married James Rosin of Buck- heart Township. November 29, 1879; Cornelius, . born November 7. 1859, died February 14, 1866; Emma, born May 20, 1861, married Edwin Wheeler of Canton, in November, 1882; Annie, born No- vember 25, 1868, is living with her uncle, Gideon Carver, in this township. Oscar Marvin Carver, of vvhom we write, was born in Buckheart Township, ( )(!tober 19, 1866, and in the fall of 1867 had deeded to him by his father one hundred and sixty acres of land adjoin- ing that on which he now lives. Of the property- then deeded to him he had sold ninety- five acres, and recently buying out the other three heirs to the eighty-one acres on which he lives, now |)os- sesses a comfortable estate of one hundred and forty-six acres. The improvements upon the home farm were made by the father prior to his death. The son has some graded Norman horses and also raises Short-horn and Durham cattle, together with large droves of Poland-C'liina hogs, which he sells to the home market. On May 1 2, 1889, Mr. Carver led to the hymeneal altar Miss May Kennedy, a young lady who has had the advantages of good home training and ex- cellent schooling, and does credit to the privileges which she has enjoyed. She is a daughter u( Siian ■ non and Elizabeth (Rupe) Kennedy, of Monterey, Banner Townshi|), this county, at which place her marriage rites were celebrated. The ha[)py union has been blessed by the birth of a son, Kenneth Lloyd, whose natal day was March 2, 1890. HARLE.S H. STANLEY, contractor and builder of Canton, has been connected with i^' the building interests of this county for many 3'ears, and is well and favorably known. He was bori: in Buckinghamshire, England, February 10, 1834. His parents, Robert F. and Caroline (Hester) Stanley, emigrated to the United States when our subject was three years old. They staid a short time in New York City, and thence went to Rochester, in the same State. The father died there in 1848, leaving his wife with three children to care for. He was a son of an Episcopalian minis- ter, and was educated by the Church of England. His wife was a daughter of John Hester. The subject of thi„ sketch was the only son of his parents. He was a lad of fourteen years when he had the misfortune to lose his father. His school days were passed in Rochester, N. Y. After the completion of his education, he learned the trade of a carpenter with his uncle, Charles H. Stanley, with whom he remained three years. I'pon the expira- tion of tliat time he went to Cleveland, Ohio, to work with another uncle at the same trade, In PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 793 1856 he drifted West to Havana, 111., and in 1857 uame to Canton, III., of whicli lie lias since been a liioniinent resident. Soon after iie came iiere he liegan Ijusiness as a contractor and builder, and has since followed it actively. He is a si1, leav- ing one child, Charles C. Mr. Stanley's present wife was Dorenda Bybee. a daughter of James By- bee, an old settler of the county. One daughter has been born of this marriage, Luella J., wife of Jacob Abbott, a prominent attorney of Canton. Mr. Stanley is a straightforward, prompt and methodical man of business, and his success has contributed to the upbuilding of Canton. He is a memlier of IMorning Star Lodge, No. 734, A. F. & A. M., and also belongs to Canton Chapter R. A. M., and to the K. of P. In politics he gives stanch support to the Democratic party. His fellow-Demo- crats have sought his assistance in the guidance of the municipal government, and he is at present a member of the City Council, and Alderman of the Fourth Ward. His residence is on Majile Street, and there he and his family have a home replete with comfort. C. DeMORRIS, JI. I). There are few men l] of the present d.ay more successful, or more worthy of honorable mention than the sub- ^ ject of our present sketch. A record of his life fully illustrates what may be accomiilislied by determined will and perseverance, for through his own efforts he has risen to the position of a leading practitioner in this community, and is well and favorably known throughout the county. Born at a time when the education of children did not receive special attention, he gained only a limited amount of literar3' training, but at an early age evinced a special tendency towards the practice of medicine, his greatest desire being to reach a proud position in the ranks of eminent medical men. He is to-day a physician and surgeon whose skill is generally recognized, and has practiced most successfully for forty years. Our subject was born in Philadelphia, I'a., on the 19th of October, 1820. His father- Christopher DeMorris, was a Frenchman by birth and education, and his mother was a native of .Scot- land. To thein were born eight children, viz: Samuel D., Christopher, Nancey, John, Martha, Sarah; Margaret; and Huston C, the subject of our sketcli, who is the only one of the children liv- ing at the present time. As before stated his edu- cation was not very exten.sive. He attended a subscription school held in a little log house, and many times was forced to walk two miles when the snow was fully two feet dceji. and the wintry winils were bleak and cold. Dr. DeMorris being reared on a farm necessaril}- led a quiet life, and had an abundance of time to exercise his mental vigor in thinking of serious subjects. At the age of twenty he began to read medicine under Dr. McClelland of Philadelphia, and through a period of three or four 3ears con- tinued to study very diligently. Having com- pleted the course ol reading, he began to practice in Clairfield. Pa., and at a later date in Clarion, the same State. The Doctor was first unite<] in marriage with Miss Elizabeth Hartley, and to them were born six children, viz.: Sarah, ISLary, Margaret. Catha- rine, Jane, and Scott. Catharine and Jane died in infanc}-. The second marriage of the Doctor was solemnized in Pennsylvania when Miss Su- sanna O. Lowery, daughter of Samuel aiul Susanna G. (13uMais) Loweiy became his wife. Her par- ents were natives of Pennsylvania, and had nine children, viz: Jane, John, .Margaret, Alex, David. Sarah, Smith, .Susanna G. and William. Our subject in the year 18(10 moved to the .State of Illinois, settling first at Sniillilield, where he en- joyed a ver3' extensive and lucrative practice. To illustrate his success it may be mentioned that out of one hundrcil and eighty-two cases of fevei' m one POIMK'Air AND lUotiUArilU AL ALBUM. single _ve;ir lie never lost one. The Doctor re- moved to .Miildle Giove in September 1885, and immediately after his arrival built a little house. In a short time he gained great popnlaritj- which his faithfulness and success as a practitioner has • increased. The children born of his last marriage are Susanna .).. who is married and has five chil- dren and Hugh, who died when he was tweuty-six months old. Dr. DeMoiris is an uncompromising Democrat and takes an active interest in all jiolit- ical matters. if AMES HARVEY CRAIG BROWN, a pros- perous lumber dealer of Farmington, has been engaged in this business here for the p,«ist four years and for the same length of time has operated the Iowa Central Elevator at this point. He is a native of this county, boru in Astoria. JIaroh 12, 1856. and a son of the well- known honored pioneer Methodist minister, the Rev. A. F. Brown. His mother Martha E. (Craig) Brown, was born in Ohio, was well educated in its schools and was a school teacher. The Rev. Abraham F. Brown was bcrn at Louis- ville, Kj-.. of which his parents were early pioneers. Tliev were of Welsh descent and when he was quite young they removed to Ohio, afterwards to In he was married to Miss Louisa A. Hettrick, a na- tive of .\storia. To them have come two children — Maude E. and Pearl T. Mr. and Mrs. Bronn have a beautiful suburban home adjoining the city on the south. Here he erected a handsome residence and has twenty acres of well improved land around it. .Mrs. Brown's father, William Hettrick was an old settler and a well-to-do farmer of Astoria, en- terintr his farm on section 21, March G, 1837. He PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 795 w!is a native of Cumberland County. Pa., and December lo, 1839, wns married to Klla Ann liraml, who died some nine j'ears before he did. ilis death oeeurred December 17, 1883, at the .a-^e of sixt)'-eight years, nine months and eight d.ays. He came to this State from Virginia where his i)arents iiad settled wiien lie was quite young. He lived in Edgar County two years and thence moved to Uernadotte and there worked at his trade of a tailor two years. At the expiration of thtit time lie turned his attention to farming, taking up the tract of Ciovernicnt land before mentioned in that part of Asleiria then known as AVashington. He lived long and was prospered, and died honored and respected by all wlio knew him. He was a very consistent Christian and a life-long member of the Lutheran Church. After marriage Mr. and Mrs. Brown lived on a farm near Astoria for about five years, then came to Farmington in 1882 where he established him- self in the grain and mill business. In 1887, he bought out the business of his predecessor and derives a satisfaetorj- income from it. Besides his lumber interests he is conducting a good grain business, and is in a fair w.ay to become one of the wealthiest men of the town. He is a careful manager and good financier, and stands well in the business world. In politics he uses his induence for the interests of the Republican |)art_y, he being quite radical in his political views. Religiously, he is a Presbyterian and a raemlier of the church of that denomination. ^ AMES M. HERBERT is one of tlie wealthiest and most prosperous farmers and stock- raisers in all Cass Township, where he lias a \Vg/' large farm and other valuable property. More than half a century ago he came to this county with his mother and step-father, who became pio- neers of the county. His parents were jjoor peoiile antl as a boy he had a hard struggle with |)overty and tiie hardships of pioneer life, and was very early set to work to earn his own bread by the svveat of his brow. He bravelv pei'scvcred to over- come every obstacle that lay in his pathwaj' and linally achieved success solel^y by the exercise of brawn and muscle, and it may well be his pride that he is a self-made man. Mr. Herbert was born in Ashland County, Ohio. .Tanuary 12, 182G. His father, .lohn Herbert, was a native of New York and a farmer, and died in Oliio in IfS.'il, while yet in life's prime, leaving a widow and three cliildren — Albert, now deceased; our subject; and Jane, Mrs. Abrara B.aughman. The maiden name of the mother of our subject was Becky Long, and she was born in Delaware and married in Ohio. After the death of her first hus- band slie was w'edded to .Tolin Wiieeler and by that Tuarriage she had the f(jllowing children: Eliza- beth, Mrs. Stahl; Samuel; Rachael, Mrs. John Wat- son. In 18.3,") Mr. and Mrs. Wheeler earner to Illi- nois witli their family and became early settlers of Cass Township, where they died, he in 1847 and she in 1878, at a venerable age. He was a valiant soldier in the War of J 81 2. Our subject was only nine years old when he came to this county with his mother and step- father, and he well remembers the wild condition of the surrounding eountiy. There are now more people in Cass Township than there were in the whole county then, except Canton and Lewistown, and there were only five houses between liis step- father's farm and I'.ernadotte, and but six houses between it and Canton. The Indians had just been removed across the Mississlpin', but wild animals were very plentiful. The farm on which Mr. Wheeler located was all raw land, with no improve- ments, and he had to build a log house to shelter his family. He was a ver3- poor man, and six and one-fourth cents was all the cash he had when he arrived in the country. The family lived on corn bread, huminy and such game .as they could pro- cure. For coffee they used burnt wheat and corn. Each inmate of the family had to labor hard to contribute his or her quota towards its support, and by industry and rigid economy managed to obtain a living. Their straightened circumstances con- tinued during the life-of the step-father. Mr. Herbert had but little schooling as there were but two schools in the townsliip. which were e(.)ndueted on the subscri|)tion plan, and when his (96 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. family could afford lo send him lie had a good waj^s to go. At fourteen }-ears of age, a stout, self-reli- ant, jH-actical lad. he liegan life for himself liy working out on a farm for five dollars a montli, continuing thus employed three years. He and his brother then rented land together in Cass Town- ship till 1848, \vh"n our sul)jeet went to live with Alhert Herbert. I'cmaining with him one year. Wo next find him working independently on a small place he had bought, and he actively continued its improvement. He has been very n)uch pvos|)ered and from that small beginning has aecumulate. eightj^ acres in Mound Town- ship, and the remainder in Cass Township. Tlie entire acreage is divided into six farms, and is in the hands of John W., administrator. In the old homestead an aunt presides, the father and mother having passed away, tiie former August 25, 1889, and the latter May 8, 1876. The three youngest sons continue to reside under the home roof and carry on an extensive farming business, and in con- nection with this, are stock-raisers on a large scale. Having been reared to farm life, they are well pre- pared to .attend to the work in a systematic way, and in consequence have amassed a considerable fortune. Indeed, the family is numbered among the most influential and wealthy in the county. The attention of tlie reader is invited to a litho- graphic portrait, presented in connection with this biographical review, of Henr}' C. Brock, whose at- tainments and enterprise point to an honorable and influential future. YRUS H. BISHOP, the subject of our pres- ent sketch, is a man much respected in busi- ^^<'' ness and social circles, and one who by his strict morality and integrit}- of purpose has fur- nished an excellent example to others, and has at various times been of great service to his friends. His father, William E. Bishop, was a native of Maryland; his mother, who previous to her mar- riage was Miss Catherine Swearingeu, was born in the State of Pennsylvania. They were married in Adams County. Ohio, and continued to make their home there until 183.5. at which date the}- came to Illinois, settling in Putman Township,' this countj', after one winter spent in Lewistowu Township. They lived on the farm which the subject of our sketch now owns. The parents wer v-*- |y^ W. RAFFERTY, whose sketch now in- vites attention from tiie reader, is a self- - made man in the most comprehensive meaning of that term, and one who by dint of natural ability and perseverance has raised himself from the bottom to the top round of the ladder of success. His early opportunities were poor indeed; but as is daily proven, ever3-thing is possible to one who possesses strength of character and push, and these Mr. Rafferty certainl3' has in a marked degree. As a member of the firm of Savill & Rafferty he ranks among the prominent business men of Canton, and being both popular and a good worker, is rapidly accumu'ating a fortune. Mr. Rafferty is the son of Owen and Sarah (Kahaler) Raffertj', his Jjirth occurring at Canton October 19, 1859. Both of his parents were natives of the Emerald Isle, and there [lassed their lives until the year 1818, at which time they left Ireland to find a new home in the United States. Their first stopping place in this countrj' was on Copperas Creek, but in a short time they came to Canton, and through the remainder of their lives resided here. The motiier died May 30. 1888, having .at- tained her sixty-fifth year; the father died Januarj- 21, 1869, being at the time fifty-four years old. To then were born six children, viz: Owen, a resident of Canton; T. C, commercial traveler for .Savill & Rafferty's cigar store; Katie L. ; j\L W. ; Maggie C. and John F.. also commercial traveler for his brother's store. Our subject had very few advantages in his 3'outh, as is too often the case with people in poor financial circumstances. He received only a com- mon-school education, but such is the excellence of schools in America, that rich and poor alike may master the essential amount of learning for a busi- ness career at a small cost. After attaining his seventeenth year, our subject began to learn the cigar-maker's trade, working for Dean ifc Arm- strong up to 'Slay 8, 1883, when he commenced business for himself. At this dale he formed a partnership with Stephen D. Savill and opened a cigar store in Canton, the firm name being Savill ifc Rafferl}-. The^' succeeded right from the start, and have added to their business with each succeeding year, until at the present writing the}' stand very liigh in commercial circles, having one of the largest establisliments in the city. Mr. Rafferty has charge of the clerical work and Mr. Savill manages the manufactorj-. Thej' employ forty cigar-makers, and have several men on the road. Last year the}- manufactured 1,300,000 cigars, and the prospects for this j-ear promise even a greater number. Haviug mastered everj' thing connected with his business, from the lowest position up to the proprietorship, Mr. Rafferty is well prepared to m.ike it an immense success. The subject of our sketch w.is married at Canton September 15, 1885, to Miss Josephine E. Seery, a native of Fulton Countj', and a daughter of M. and Bridget (Byrnes) Seery. This union has^ been PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 813 blessed by one child — Harry, born July 1, 1890. Both Mr. and Mrs. Rafferty are faithful members of the Catholic Church and interested in religious matters. They own one of llie finest residences in Canton, on the corner of West Elm and Tliird Streets. Mr. Rafferty is a strictly moral man — one of the few who can say tliey never tasted intoxicating liquors, and although from his youth a manu- facturer of cigars, lie is not a smoker. He is held in high esteem by the citizens of this community, both for his present success and for his energy in so nobl3" conquering the obstacles that stood be- tween him and wealth. 'i^m^ * i ^- ■ LBERT M. WORTMAN, M. D. This gen- tleman is a retired |)hysician and the owner of the Vermont Stock Farm which is well (S^ known to breeders and lovers cf horses. As a horseman the reputation of Dr. Wortman has ex- tended over a large territory, and those who have made his acquaintance during the i)ast few years know him best for this and his fine social qualities. Wliile he was engaged in tlie practice of his pro- fession he met with remarkable success, as is evi- denced l)y the fact that he was able to retire with a fortune at the early age of thirty-five 3-ears. His professional labors were principally carried on in one of the gre.at commercial centers of the country. Before entering upon the life of Dr. Wortman it will not 1)6 amiss to noie a few facts regarding his ancestors. His grandfather, John Wortman, was born in Pennsylvania and took his place among the pioneers of Muskingum County, Oliio. He established a carding-mill, operating it for some years. He possessed the peculiar qualifications which fitted him for pioneer life, and after his lo- cality in Ohio became quite well settled, lie removed farther west. He settled near Ottawa. 111., in a region which was then but sparsely settled, but after the outbreak of the Black Hawk War he, with man}- other families, returned to the Buckeye State. Ho lived in various parts of that commonwealth but spent his last years at Monroeville, Huron County. There his faithful companion also breathed her last. She h.ad borne the maiden name of Re- becca Simpkins and was of Scotch ancestr}'. The father of our subject. Dr. William S. Wort man, was born iu Ohio near Zanesville. At the early age of thirteen years he began to earn his own living. He succeeded in obtaining education sufficient to teach a country school and, carefully hoarding the money thus earned, he further pro- moted his knowledge until he was graduated frt)m the medical department of the AVestern Reserve College at Cleveland. He began the practice of his profession at Sandusky City, but in 1862 he re- moved to Missouri, locating at St. Louis. There he secured a large practice and won a high reputa- tion for his theoretical knowledge and professional skill. His death took place in that cit}- June 10, 1884. His wife, formerly Lueretia S. Metcalf, was born in Attica, Seneca County. Ohio. Her father, George Metcalf, was engaged in mercantile pur- suits and farming there. To Dr. Wortman and his estimable wife seven children were born, five of whom were reared to manhood and womanhood. These are our subject, Mary Belle. Ella ilay, Car- rie M. and Myrtle J. The last mentioned has made her home with her brother since the death of her mother, which took place July 11, 1888. Miss Myrtle is a lovely girl with a sweet, unselfish dis- position which endears her to all about her. The birth of Albert M. Wortman took place in Shelby, Richland County, Ohio, October 19, 1852, and he was ten j'eafs old when his parents removed to St. Louis, Mo. He had previously attended the Mayflovver School in Cleveland a)id at his new home continued his studies iu the city schools for a short time. He then entered the College of the Chris- tian Brothers and by reason of his aptness in com- prehending and assimilating facts was graduated at the age of eighteen years. He at once began the study of medicine, his tutors being his father and Drs. S. T. Newman and V. O. Drake. After having read with them a sulHcient lengtli of time he at- tended medical lectures at the St. Louis Medical College, from which he was graduated in 1873. The young phj'siciau was at once chosen assist- ant in the St. Louis City Hospital and after faith- fully discharging the diiiies, which proved a great 8U PORTRAIT A>"D BlOCxKAPHlCAL ALBUM. benefit to himself as well as to the inmates of the institution, for a twelvemonth, he left the city. He established himself in Vermont, 111., but after prac- ticing lliere a j-ear and a half removed to Balti- more, Md , that lie might have a wider field for his labors. In that city he conducted a successful practice until 1887, when he determined to retire from professional work. He came to Vermont, which had been the home of his wife during her maidenliood and wheie her nearest relatives were still living. The following year he bought a half- interest in a farm adjoining thetown and in 1889 purchased tlie remaining interest and also tlie Ver- mont Stock Farm. The same year Dr. Wortman purchased eleven Kentucky-bred horses. Ray Boyd standing at the head of the herd. This fine animal is a lialf-brother to Maud S.. whose time of 2:08f is the fastest on record. His dam is a half-sister to Goldsmith Maid, whose lime is 2:14 and who has been the greatest campaigner the world has ever known. Ra3' Bo3'd is by a son of Hambletonian acd is inbred to the sire of Hambletonian's dam. Raj- Boyd's dam is by a son of Hambletonian and is inbred to the sire of Hambletonian's dam. Ray Boyd's sire is by Hambletonian and is inbred to the sire of Ham- bletonian's (lam. It is stated on good author- ity tltat Ray Boyd possesses more of the blood — Messenger and Bellfounder — that produced the great Hambletonian 10 than any other horse living, with the possible exception of Egbert. The Doctor also has fiftj' standard and non-standard breeding mares. The fine horse farm of Dr. A. M. Wortman joins Verraoni, on the northeast and extends to the ■•(i" Lake. The farm !))• nature and outlay of the Doc- tor's money is one of the best fitted and equipped in the State for tlie puriiose. It consists of one hundred and fifty acres of rolling land set in pas- ture, divided into seventeen pasture fields, or paddocks, by neat and substantial plank fences, all connected by gates. Kach field is supplied with plenty of pure water, the majority b}' springs that never fail, one of which flows a stream continuallj- an inch in diameter, as clear as crj'stal. The build- ings are ;ill substantial structures on brick founda- tions. The tenant house is very handsome, equal to many in town. The raiin barn built on a nat- ural eminence is 52x92. The lower floor is divided by a driveway the entire length of tlie building, on each side of which are large box stalls, fitted with all the modern conveniences, including harness closets, salt boxes and folding mangers, the latter connected with the loft above by trap doors, through which the horses are fed ha}-. The sides of the stalls next the drive-waj- are boarded ui) four feet and that surmounted by two feet of iron lattice woik; this insures plent}- of light and air. The upper storj- is fitted w-ith a storage room for grain connected with the lower floor by shutes to lower the feed, and besides will hold one hundred tons of haj'. Thestalls in this building are used exclusively for brood mares. The stallion stable.a few rods south is 20x32 divided into two stalls, both with tno out- side doors, the one opening outward being of plank and the one opening inward of heavy lattice work; when the former are open and the latter are closed the air and light pass through. The door on the east opens into a padilock .52x80 thai is boarded up eight feet, in which the horses can be turned loose for exercise. Each stall is lined and fitted similar to the ones in the main stable excepting the nian- ger, the stallions being fed from the ground. South of this is another barn 14x90, haj- barracks and granaries. Altogether the farm is one of the finest in the county, and with its fine horses at- tracts wide-spread attention. Realizing that it was not good for man to live alone. Dr. Wortman wooed a young l.ady connected with the best families of the countj- and personallj^ well fitted to be his companion. This was Miss Laura E., daughter of Col. Thomas .1. and Abigail (Dilworth) Kinuej\ She was born at Browning, received a good education and the careful home training which qualified her for the duties she owes to society and the home circle. The marriage rites between Dr. Wortman and Miss Kinney were sol- emnized at the bride's home, November 26. 1874. Dr. Wortman belongs to the Royal Arcanum and Knights of Honor. He is jolly and good-na- tured, ever ready to enter into the sports of the societ}'^ which he frequents, yet b\- no means spend- ing his entire time in lecreation. The oversight of his stock farm occupies considerable of his time PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 815 and calls forth his tact and business foresight. A fine library and the prominent magazines and jour- nals of the ila}- afford him food for thought and keep up his knowledge of and an interest in the affairs of the world. He is a skillful performer upon the piano, has written brilliant compositions for that instrument and given appropriate setting to man^' songs. ^j^^ AMUEL CAMPBELL, an honored veteran ^^^ of the late war. is classed among the in- l|Ly_J)) telligent, capable, enterprising farmers of Lewistown Township, who have contrib- uted so largely to raise it to its present high position as a great agricultural center. His farm is one of the finest in the place, and here he has a handsome residence and one of the coziest of homes. Mr. Campbell is of Kentucky birth. He was born July 21, 1830, two and one-half miles from Ver- sailles, in Woodford County. Samuel Campljell was the name of his father, and he was a Virginian, born in 1717 near the Natural Bridge. His father, whose name was George Campbell, is supposed to have been born in the same State, coming of an old Scotch family. He removed from there to Kentucky in I79G ami was a pioneer of Woodford County. He was well educated for those days and taught school. For inanj' years he was afflicted Willi rheumatism and was unable to perform ati}' manual labor. He bought a tract of land near ^'t■rsailIes, and there his declining years were spent. The maiden name of his wife was Nancy McClure, and she was also a native of Virginia. Besides his homestead he bought a large tract of land in Boone County, on which some of his children settled. Samuel Campbell, Sr., was nineteen years old when his father moved to Kentucky. Two years later he returned to Virginia to settle some of his father's business, making the entire journe}' to and fro on horseback. He adopted the calling of a farmer, to which he had been lired, continued to live with his parents until their death, and occu- pied the old homestead until 183G. In that year he too became a pioneer, starting for Illinois with teams and taking with him his wife and ten chil- dren, leaving the old iiDine September 29, and ar- riving in Fulton C-*<> /Sa^z^ Me-^S^^ PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 821 children, which have blessed their wedded lile, and of whom tlie following is the record; Mnry, born September 30, 1871; Jeptha, June 7, 1877; and Lewis, October 26, 1879. Mary is a student at the Normal Scliool at Valparaiso, Ind., and will soon complete her education in tliat institution. Mr. Randolph has been a vei'y important factor in advancing the stock-raising interests of this county as well as in promoting its advancement in other directions, and he holds a prominent position among tlie leading members of his class in this portion of Illinois. He is a man of broad mind and enlightened views, of forcible character and of fine business talents. Ho is warm-hearted and generous and uses his wealth for the good of Jiis communit}'. He has decided opinions cf his own especially in regard to politics, anil lie advocates that good and responsible men be elected to office regardless of their political affiliations. He main- tains very warmly that the old Green l)ack party, with which he was formerly connected, sliould never have been retired. He gives hi;j support to tlie Republican party. He was an active member of the P.atrons of Hu.sbandry during the existence of that oroai.ization. ^f^, ANIPX HELLER. On the opposite page is I ])] presented a portrait of this gentleman, who (^f^ is the second oldest settler now living in Putman Township, and one of the most higlilj- respected citizeriS thereof. He has resided here Bft3'-five j'ears continuonsi}', in which time he has accumulated a considerable amount of property and conducted a thriving business. He is the eldest child of .lohn and Blandenah (Van Auken) Heller, natives of Pennsylvania and New .Jersey, respectively. After their marriage they lived in New Jersey for a time and later removed to Ptnii- sylvania. In 1813 they settled in Wayne County, Ohio, where tliey sojourned for ten years, and at the expiration of that time, disposed of their prop- erty-, and located in Richland Countj*, near Ash- land, where they remained until 1835. In that year tliej- came to Illinois stopping on the w.aj' at Da}-- ton and reaching Fulton C(junly in 1835. They made a short stop in Fairvicw Township, then came to Cass Township, and later to Putman Township, where they finally located upon the farm which is now the home of their son. Tbe country was at that time very thinly settled, indeed, the onl^- settlers were IMessrs. Tottcn, Baughman, Cameron, Thomas Walters and Laswell. The father purchased a farm upon which was a small log cabin, and of this the family took im- mediate possession. At that time there were six children, and the family being in very limited cir- cumstances, the father was compelled to work early and late to gain money for their sustenance. He had been a tanner early in life, but did not follow that trade after coming to this place. Our subject was born February 28, 1811, in Northampton County, Pa., and was two years old when the fam- ily moved to Oliio, tlion an uncultivated tract of land, inhabited by thousands of Indians. He was about twelve j'ears old when the family removed to Richland County, and received his educational training in the subscription scliools of Ohio, where the schoolhouse was an old log cabin. Later our subject learned the business of a tan- ner, and worked at this trade for $8 per month. Reaching his twenty-first year, he started out in life for himself, and continued to work at his trade and also to devote much time to agricultural pursuits. He vvas married in 1833 to Miss Mary Black, a na- tive of Ohio and an orphan, whose father was killed in the War of 1812. After his marriage our subject worked as before stated at the tannery business until he came to Illinois. In this State he lived one winter on the Laswell farm,' where he worked very hard, and the next winter hewed tim- ber and secured enougii lumber to build a house and a tannery. Once thoroughly settled, he pur- sued his trade most successfull}' for twenty-two years, and in the meantime purchased fifty acres of land south of Cuba, for which he paid $2 per acre. He eventually bought his fatliei''s estate, and moved to this place. The subject of this sketch was, however, not without misfortunes and during the late wnr some of his political enemies burned liis house, because of his strong Abolition si-ntiments. He rebuilt the 822 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. house as it now stands at ;i fust of S)5,000, but his liroperty was not insured and the loss was heavy. AVheii eouiinencing life hirasolf, he was virtually without money. His fust tax was twelve and a half cents, his pre;sent one being over $500, figures which give some idea of the success which he has gained. True, his effo'ts have been unceasing, and he has for weeks at a time worked day and night, but now is the possessor of a considerable fortune, and while he has given to his children over twelve hundred acres of land, he still retains for himself two liiuidred and fifteen acres, but makes his home with his sou Frank. Mr. and Mrs. Heller became the parents of eight children, four of whom are now living, namely: John, who married Miss Hannah Jackson, lives in DeWitt County and the}' have tluee children; Daniel H., who married Addie Melhenej', lives in Piatt County, and is the father of four children; Frank married Sarah Hast}', a daughter of Am- brose and Mary (Berr}') Hastj', and lives on the home farm, with his wife and four children; Mary Jane is the wife of William Phillips, of Cuba, and thej' have three children, Mrs. Heller died May 3, 1875. Mr. Heller is actively interested in politics, and cast his first vote for Jackson, was afterward a Whig, and is at the present time a member of the Republican part}*. He is a thoroughly moral man, an advocate of temperance, and for more than forty- years has been a member of the Methodist Protes- tant Church, and has .served as Trustee. He is at present (1-890) seventy-nine years of age and is looked upon as a most valuable citizen by the resi- dents of this township. He was connected with the underground railway and served as Trustee and Supervisor of Putraan Township. I A. HOWAT is a business man of high \ pjj! standing in Canton, being the proprietor of a large meat market and carrying on an additional business in stock dealing. He at all limes considers the interest of his patrons, thereby- laying a foundation for still further business, and still greater success in the line wliicli he pursues cannot but be his just reward. Although it Is but a few years since he began his present enterprise, he already ranks among the prominent and influen- tial business men of the place. The parents of our subject were John and Grace (Raymond) Howat. the former of whom was born in Scotland and soon after his arrival in the United States settled in Peoria, III. He was a well-known architect, who built the first distillery- in Peoria and a large number of tHie residences and business houses of that city. He died when our subject was scarcely more than an infant, about 1864. The mother was born in London, Ergland, about 1833, and brought to America during her infanc}-, her parents locating on a farm near Peoria and later making their home in the city. After the death of Mr. Howat she married John G. Hornslein, of Canton, one of the pioneer brick nianufacturers and distillers of this city. Our subject is one of seven children born to his parents, two of whom died in infancy. His eldest brother, Charles, is engaged with his stepfather in the manufacture of brick. Richard is operating a stock ranch in Kan- sas; James lives in Peoria and is a i.onductor on the Toledo, Peoria & Warsaw Railroad ; John is a farmer and stock-raiser in Kansas; W. A., the youngest, is the gentleman whose life history claims our attention. The gentleman of whom we write was born in Peoria, December 17, 1860. He was cared for by his mother during the j'ears that intervened be- tween the death of his father and his mother's second marriage, which occurred when he was twelve years old. For a long time he worked in a distillery owned by his stepfather, but in 1883 he went to Atlantic, Iowa, where he engaged in the crockery business with a partner. A jear later he returned to this State and for twelve months ran a flouring-mill in Yates City, after which he engaged in the sale of meat in Canton. He has continued this business, which has increased with wonderful rapidit}- and has justified him in opening a second market. In connection with the meat markets and stock-buj'ing, Mr. Howat operates a stock farm in Canton Township, a mile west of the cit}'. The subject of this sketch was married October 3, 1888, to Miss Ida M. Slocum, the ceremony tak- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 823 ing place at the residence of the bride's parents, Leonard and Eliza (Lear\') Slociini, one mile west of Canton. The bride was born iiere and is well known in this vicinity, where she has made many friends. Mr. and Mrs. Howat reside at No. 102 Northwest Second Street, where they pass life most happily toofether, surrounded by all of its comforts, and blest by the infantile graces of a son, Walter L., whose birth occurred M.iy 13, 1890. Mr. Howat is a member of the Knights of Pythias. He is an intelligent and well-educated young man ana one well calculated to win the esteem of all whom he euf-'ounters in business or social circles. ETER BL'LL. The history of a county or )jj township depending for interest to the general reader upon the lives of the men who have settled there, and by means of their induslr}' and ability won success both for themselves and tlie community, a history of Putnam Township would be in no measure complete with- out a sketch of Peter Bull. He is numbered amongj the early pioneers, and distinctl}' recalls the red man who once roamed at will through this place, before the advance of civilized settlers drove him towards the setting sun. Our subject is the son of William and Lavinia (Bryant) Bull, natives of Kentucky and Ohio re- spectively, and was born on Septemlier 19, 1827, in Pike Count}, Oliio. His grandfather was an P^nglisbman. His parents were married in the na- tive stale of the mother, and resided there until the year 1829, at which time they moved to Illinois, settling in Cass Township, this county. However, after one winter they came to Putman Township, and purchased a portion of section 16 and built a small log house. The}' were in leduced circum- stances, but the father was an industrious, hard- working man, and each year made man}- improvements on his estate. During the Black Hawk War he was selected to remain at home in order to look after the est.ates in the neighborhood while so many of tlie men were fighting. Mr. Bull's mother died in 1835. To her had been born nine (■hildren, of whom our subject is the only one now living. The father married Miss Betsy Connor, but she also died, leaving three chil- dren, of whom two are at present alive, viz: Mary, wife of l^avid Maxwell, who was killed in the army; and William, who makes his home in Kansas. Tiie father passed away from earthly scenes in 1857. Mr. Bull received an education in a common log schoolhouse that was the first ever built in this Township, and his teacher, R. Putman, w.is the first white settler. Completing his schooling-, our sub- ject commenced to support himself when only eighteen years of age, by working on farms. In compensation for his labor he received only $10 (ler month until he had reached his twenty-first birthday. On .June 4, 1848, he married Miss Nancy Hufford, daughter of George and Mary (Vest) Hufford. Mrs. Bull's father was a n.ativo of Pennsylvania and her mother of the Blue Grass State. Their marri.ige occurred in Indiana, and in that State they continued to reside uj) to the time of his death in 1833. After thut sad event, the widow and her family moved to Illinois, settling in Buck- heart Township, this county, and afterward moving to Canton Township. She died in 1858. To them had been born seven children, five of wliom are now- living. Mrs. Bull's birth occurred in Imliana on January 19, 1827, but she w-as educated in Ful- ton County. Mr. Bull soon after his marriage rented a farm about three miles from Canton, vvliere he lived for two years. He then v/orkod his father's farm for a year, after which he returned to the first place, and later moved to another farm a mile and a half from Canton, and continued to rent there for nine years. At a later date he worked on his father's pLace, an:l then bought his present estate, which at lliat time contained twenty-six acres of cultivated land and a log house. At the present vvriting he is the owner of one hundred and sixty acres of land, all in a body, and which has been iraproveil by his own exertions. Mr. and Mrs. Bull were the |)arents of ten chil- dren, seven of whom are living, viz: Ilenr}', who married Pha'be Wilson, has seven children, and 824 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. lives at Breeds Station; Eliza, wife of C. N. Mason, who resides at Canton, and has tliree children; George, who married Elizabeth Mason, lives in Putman Township, and has six children; William, who married Hannah .1. Kidfl, has six children, and lives on his father's farm; Mary Mariuda, wife of Arthur Varnel. who lives near iSIarietta, 111., and has seven children; Sarah; Albert, who married Rose Ackerson. and lives iu Cass Township. The subject of our sketch has been Pathmaster, and has alw.ays taken an interest in politics, being first a Whig and now a Republican. He was a strong Abolitionist, and voted for John P. Hale. He and his vrife have been connected for a long time with the United Brethren Church. '-•' I ' ^ ' l ' ^ ' ^ FRANCIS M. HARRISON. Among those men who have commenced at the bottom round of the ladder of fortune and by dint of natural ability and perseverance have worked their way to the top, we find Francis M. Harri- son. To such men the country is indebted for the excellent example set the youth of tlie land, as well as the good results they have aocomplisbed in the communities where they have resided. He owns and occupies a good farm of one hundred and sixty acres, all of which he 1 as improved highly, placing upon it one of the handsomest dwelling-houses in Liverpool Township, and sup- plying it with a com|ilcte line of barns and other outbuildings. Mr. Harrison's birth occurred in Lewis County, Ky., on the 9tli of August, 1828, he Iieing the son of James and Sarah (Lee) Harrison, both natives of the beautiful Blue Grass State. His grandfather, Thomas Harrison, was born near F'airfax Court- house, Va., and became the owner of four hun- dred acres of land, on which he carried on ex- tensive agricultural operations. lie removed to Fleming County, Ky., when deer and bears were still numerous there, and some 3-ears later took up his residence in Lewis County, where he died when about ninety years of age. He was a vol- unteer in the War of 1812. In Fleming County-, in 1799. the fatlier of our subject was born, and having accompanied his parents to Lewis County, he grew to manhood and married there. He car- ried on a farm in that county until 1855, then came to the Prairie State and purchased forty acres in Lewistown Township, this county, where he spent the remainder of his daj's. He died at the age of sixtj- years, looking forward to a l)lessed immortality, having long been a conscientious member of the Methodist Church. In politics he was a Democrat. His wife was born in the county in which their wedding took place and lived to see more than seventj- years. She was a member of the Southern Methodist Church. The parental family consists of Francis M., William, Barton L., Mrs. Ruth Toncraj', Mrs. Louisa Walker and Mrs. Mary Cleary. The maternal grandfather of our subject was Barton Lee. a native of Maryland and a cousin of CTcneral Lee, the famous commander of the South- ern forces during the late Civil War. He emi- grated to Kentucky in a very eai-lj^ day and used to go fifty miles on horseback to buj' salt, swimming the Big and Little Kanawha Rivers with a two and one-half bushel sack. He died in the Blue Grass State when seventy years of age. Our subject passed his youth on a farm in his native State and attended the log schoolhouse of that period, studying chiefly in the winter season, and assisting in farm labor during the summer months. At the age of twent}' years he began doing for himself, coming to this county in Octo- ber, 1848, by way of the Ohio, ^Mississippi and Illi- nois Rivers steamers. His father came with him for a short visit, and what he saw at that time and afterward heai-d from his son determined him to take up his ultimate residence in this section. Young Harrison worked out for five or six 3-ears, receiving in compensation for his services 113 per month. He bought a tax title to eighty acres of his present estate and later on secured a deed. The place was covered with heav3' timber, had no improvements, and rleer and wild turkeys aboundc'l upon and around it. The owner built a small frame house in the woods, and began the process of clearing, finally seeing the entire acre- age in excellent condition, and succeeding so well PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 825 in his worlrlly affairs that in 1875 he bought eighty acres across the road from his home, which gives him a sutHcient amount of land for all needs. His modern dwelling was put up in listio. Mr. Harrison was married March 4, 1852, to Miss Margaret Walker, who was hum in Kentucky, but came to this county with her [.arents at an early age. The union has been blest by the birth of six children, three of whom grew to maturity, namely: .lolin W.. Belle D.. now Mrs. Kelso, and .Sidney W. Mr. Harrison is a member of tlic Democratic party. He has held the oHices of Road Commis- sioner and Tax Collector, and enjoys all the esteem comman.^aaaaaa3saaaa^^ "Fairvieyy Fruit-Farm": Residence OF L. M.Turner, Sec.21.FairviewTp. Fulton Co. III. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 831 As an undertaker Mr. Fisher is very popular, being well posted in the duties connected tliere- with and Iiaving a team and hearse that would do credit to a much larger cit}'. As a furniture dealer he carries a very large stock and is by far the lead- ing man in tliis line in Fulton County. The growth of his business has been phenomenal. His enter- prise is illustrated by the fact that the loss sustained by fire caused a delay of about ninety days only. In that time the present building was erected and the business re-established. As a man he is genial and courteous, and by his straightforward honesty has won the confidence of the people. In 187,t and 1877 he was a member of tlie City Council, ^ocialljf, he is a member of tlie Independent Order of Odd Fellows at Canton, also of the Ancient Order of United Workmen, being prom- inent in both organizations. He was first married in 1862 at Canton, to Olive Arnold who bore him one son, Elmer, now in business with his father. The wife and mother passed aw.ny from the busy scenes of earth and our subject was again married in December, 1888, to Mrs. Sarah Small, an estim- able lady and a member of the Presbyterian Church. They are prominent in social circles and under their hospitable roof their many friends are accus- tomed to pass many happy hours. kEWIS M. TURNER. This gentleman is pursuing a successful career as an agricul- turist, operating one hundred and forty acres on section 21, Fairview Township. One of the most noticeable features of the estate is the at- tention paid to horticulture, in which Mr. Turner is building up a fine reputation. At present he has an acre each of strawberries, raspberries and blackberries under cultivation. In 1889 he erected a fine barn with a slate roof, which is a model of rural architecture. The residence is a commodious one and is represented by a view on another page, together with the other prominent buildings. Elisha W. Turner, the father of our subject, was boru iu Westmoreland County, Pa., and taken to Hamilton County, Ohio, when seven years old. He married a lady of that county, Miss Sarah Morse, and in 1840 the young couple located in Hancock County, III. After a sojourn of three years they removed to Galena, remaining there until 1865. During that time Mr. Turner was engaged in lead- mining and farming in the township of Shullsburg, La Fayette County, Wis. He had previously been occupied in the latter pursuit alone. In 186-5 he purchased the estate now owned b^' our subject and removed thereto. His good wife bore him five children, namely: Mary, wife of .James Patten, a farmer in Fairview Township; Amy, widow of Enoch Keithly, whose home is at Lewistown ; George, a grocer in Galena, Kan. ; the subject of this no- tice; Sarah A., wife of Thomas Travers, whose history is given on another page in this Album. The father died in 1879 at the age of seventy-four years, and the mother in 1880 at the age of seventy- three. (Grandfather Turner, who was born in the Empire State and bore the given name of George, was a saddler. The suliject of this brief biograijhical notice was born at New Diggings, Wis., February 25, 1849, and was a youth of sixteen years when he came to this county. He had attended the country schools of Shullsburg Township and after coming here continued his studies in Fairview. His t.aste led him to the pursuit of agriculture and he finally became much interested in fruit-growing. He is a man of more than average intelligence, clever and quick witted by nature and having his faculties well developed by study, observation and inter- course with mankind. His character is one of ster- ling worth, and he finds many friends among those of his own class and in the circles of the neighbor- ing towns. His political adherence is given to the Republican party. Mr. Turner established his own home in 1878, when he was united in marriage with Miss Mary Houser. This lady was born in Mt. Pleasant, Iowa, was well educated and trained in useful domestic knowledge and habits. She is a twin sister of Mrs. Martha Soldwell, of Yates City and they are the oldest in a family of five girls. Their father, Will- iam Houser, a blacksmith iu Yates City, was born in Ohio. Her mother, Sarah (Marchant) Houser, 832 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. was a (laugliler of .Tool Marclisnt. the first perma- nent settler in Farniington. Mr. and Jlrs. Turner are the parents of three children: Sarah Naomi, Frederick I), and Blanche, whose bright faces and charming wajs add to the joys of their home. (^^T BNER PIPER. There are few places the (@yL I : size of Canton that claim more successful /// 1 business men. or where there is a greater <^J amouut of competition in every line of trade. Perhaps because of its desirable location, but more likely because of the progressive spirit of its citizens, it has ahv.ays enjoyed a good reputa- tion and is a favorite place of residence with in- fluential and active business men. Mere we find a large number of professional men whose skill is beyond dispute, and also many merchants whose shrewd judgment and energy have brought about flattering results. Prominent among the latter class is Abner Piper, who deals in boots and shoes. The Piper family came originally from .Scot- land and have inherited much of the strengtli of character and love of the beautiful that character- izes the natives of "the land of thistles and oat- meal." The grandfather of our subject was Abel Piper, son of Noah Piper, whose father and brother were the founders of the family in America. Abel Piper was a Lieutenant of Minute Men during tlie Revolutionary War, and being for a time an inn- keeper, his tavern was naturally the gathering place of the old soldiers, who met to fight their battles over again. The grandson recollects a score of the old Continentals, who. during his childhood, vis- ited the home of his ancestors. Artemus Piper, the father of our subject, was born in Phillipston, Mass., in the year 1783, the pl.ace of his birth being known at that time as Gerry. He was a sailor by profession and a teacher of navigation. He was in command of a revenue cutter during the War of 1812 and was an eye- witness to the fight between the 'Box" an(J "En- terprise." He married IMarj- Hammond, daughter of Paul and Anna (Davis) Hammond, who was a native of F.-dmoutli. ^lass. Her father was a sailor and commanded a craft during the War of 1812. Both parents died in the East. Tlieir family con- sisted of six children, named respectively: Julia Ann, Artemus D.. Amlirose H., Phebe Rose, Ab- ner, and Betsy Catherine'. The only ones surviving at this writing are our subject and Ambrose who lives in Ackworth, N. H. Abner Piper was born in Pliilli|)ston, Worcester County, Mass.. April 1, 1817. He passed his youth on his father's farm and learned the shoemaker's trade, dividing his time for several years betneen work in the hayfleld and amid the grain, and his trade. .Since reaching his nineteenth year ho has devoted his time to the shoe business exclusively. Upon leaving home ho first went to Templeton, where he remained until 1838, being cutter in one of the largest shoe factories of the State. He then came to Galena, 111., to visit a brother in-law, and for a few months was interested in a mercantile establishment, but soon located in Canton. Thence be went to Ohio, then returned to his native State, where he worked in a shoe manufactory until 1865, when he removed with his familj' to Canton. Each year he made a trip East to act as foreman in the raanufactoiy with which h(! was so long connected, but the trips [)roving too tiresome he found it nec- essary to return to the old home. Mr. Piper resided in the Bay State from 1870 to 1876. when he again removed to Canton, this time permanently. He established a boot and shoe business which has proved a prosperous enterprise, and in the conduct of which he has won the es- teem and confidence of the entire community. He is :i skilled workman, an excellent judge of the materials used in his business and a dealer whose word can be relied upon at all times. At the bride's home in Sydney. Me., in J847, Mr. Piper was married to Jliss Belsj', daughter of Paul and Catherine (Mason) Hammond. Her an- cestry is one of the oldest in the country, her people coming originally from Concord, Mass. To this marriage have been born three children — Warren H.. Carlos A. and Vernon A. The eldest son mar- ried Sarah C. Sraalley, and has five children— Ab- ner C, Harry R., Betsy M.. Bertie and i\Iary. The eldest of these children — grandchildren of our sub- ject — is a book-keeper in the Commercial National PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 833 Bank, of Cincinnati. Ohio. He married Miss Mamie McLaughlin and has one chihl — Bessie V. All three of the sons of our subject reside in Canton and are following in their futiier's footsteps .as men of good repute and business energy. Mr. l'i|)er has had many prominent kinsmen in the East connected with the army and navy and with the political affairs of the nation. His ances- tors in bolii lines having lived in America from the early Colonial times, the family has been con- nected with the history of the Republic from its birth. He. himself, is fully entitled to the friend- shi)) and esteem accorded him. The only social order with which he is identilied is that of the Odd Fellows, his membership being in Olive Branch Lodge, No. 15, at Canton. ^1 S^ bEMUEL W. POTTS, a prosperous farmer of Liverpool Township, is well known in political and Grand Army circles and it gives us pleasure to represent in this Biograph- ical Album one who fought so long and well for the preservation of this Union. He is a native of Clarke Countj', Va., where his birth occurred October 27, 1832. He is a son of Amos F. and Elizabeth S. (Dolson) Potts, natives respectively of Loudoun Count3% A'a., and Licking Count}'^ Ohio. His ancestors, both on the paternal and maternal side, were men of sterling worth, who were prominently identified with the public affairs of the community where they resided. His great- grandfather Potts was a native of Wales, who came to this countr}- and settled in Virginia before the Revolution. Isaiah Potts, the paternal grandfather of our subject, spent his entire life in Loudoun Count}-, Va., where the most of his years were passed at his trade as a blacksmith. He was a Quaker in relig- ion, an old line Whig in politics, and was bitterly opposed to slavery. He married Elizabeth Brown, a natiye of Virginia. His career was brought to an untimely close by his death at the age of thirty- nine years. The father of our subject was engaged as a blacksmith until he was nineteen years old and then he began life as a farmer. While yet in early manhood he removeil to Ohio, and in the town of Zanesville was married to Elizabeth Dolson, April 25, 1828. She was born February 13, 1810, and died in 1882 at the age of seventy-two j'ears. She was one of the representative pioneer mothers of this county who bore the many hardships incidental to life in a newly settled country' with that bravery and uncomplaining self-sacrifice characteristic of her sex. Thomas A. Dolson, her father, was of English descent and his early years w-ere passed in the State of New York wliere he was engaged as a distiller. He fought in the Revolutionary AVar, and he was among the early pioneers of Ohio, settling in Perry County, where he carried on farm- ing for a time. He died at the age of eighty-four years. His father was a native of England and was a British Captain in the Revolutionary War Ten children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Potts, nameh': John W., Lemuel W., Huldah A., Thomas I., George W., WMlliam H., Mary J., Sarah E., Martha .7. and Erailj' A. In December, 1829, the father of our subject set out with his little family from his home in Ohio, for what was then the Far West, and made the journey across the wild intervening country with one horse and a sled, finallj' arriving in .lanuary, 1830, in Clark County, III., then on the Western frontier. Mr. Potts purchased forty acres of land on which he erected a log cabin and then proceeded to develop a farm. Two years later he sold that place and returned to Perrj' Count}', Ohio, where he lived a year and a half prior to coming again to make a permanent settlement in Illinois. This time he arrived October 31, 1835, and located in Fulton Count}', purchasing eighty acres of land on section 29, Liverpool Township, which in due time he improved into a fine farm to which he added more land as opportunity offered, till at the time of his death he owned five hundred and twenty acres of land. When he came here the countr}' was in a very wild condition; the woods were full of deer and other vvild game; Indians were seen on every side, while there were but few wdilte settlers throughout the county. He and his family h.ad to endure many hardships and privations and they «34 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. were iften in ;i state of alarm concerning tlioir ab- original nciglibors who at one time e.iuseri lliem to flee from tlieir home. When the^- finally ventuicd to return to their lonely cabin thej' found all their household goods piled in the middle of the floor, and a few Indians there who said -Bad Indians gone; the}' were going to burn tlie liouse, but good Indians wouldn't let tlieni." Notwitlistanding his advanced age wlien the war broke out, the father of our subject offered his services to his country and did much valuable work in helping to suppress the rebellion. He was at onetime Assistant Provost Marshal and during a greater part of the war was at the front and took part in various engagements. He was made Quar- termaster of the same regiment of which his son of whom we write was a member. His services as a pioneer of this county will never be forgotten. He died greatly lamented December 17, 1866, and his memory is still clierished in the hearts of those who knew him. Lemuel W. Potts of this biographical sketch, was reared on his father's homestead amid the pioneer scenes of this his native county. He attended school in a jirimitive log schoolhouse that was furiiished witli slab benches and had a large open fireplace for heating purposes. His youth was em- ployed in working in the clearings and on the farm. Ho was in the flush and vigor of earl}- manhood when the war broke out. and he was among the first to spring to arms at the call for troops, enlist- ing A]iril 29, 186!, in Company H, Seventeenth Illinois Infantr}', lie being the first man to enlist in Liverpool Township. He was sv.orn into the service May 12, 1861, and was mustered in May 25. In one of the early engagements in which he took part at the battle of Frcderiekstown. Mo., he was badly wounded in the head by a shell and was sent home to recuperate. He rejoined his regiment at Ft. Henry in I'ebruary. 1862, in season to witness its surrender. He was one of the number who made tlie second charge on the enemy's w-orks at Ft. Donelson, carrying them at the point of the bay- onet, and he was in the front a great deal of the time at the liattle of Shiloli, where he was wounded In the light lig by a musket ball. His gallant and dariiii; act in which he set fire to a forty barrel powder magazine which had been arranged to blow up Ft. Hill, will ever be remembeied by the fellow soldiers of his regiment. He bore a biave part both in the siege and battle of Corinth and he faced the eneraj- again at Champion Hills. He fought with unflinching bravery at Vicksburg and at the battle of Clinton, Miss.. July 6, 1864, when he was wounded in the right arm. His conduct at the battle of Shiloh gained him the commission of a Sergeant. He was present at the engagements at Spanish Fort and Ft. Blakesley, where he did good work. He served with his first company three years, was with Company H. Eighth Illinois In- fantry, one year, eleven months and twenty-three days and was mustered out of the aim\- May 14, 1866. As a partial payment for what he did and suffered in the cause of the Union be now receives from the Government a persion of $8 a month. He is highly respected in army circles for his braver}- and fidelity to his country during those trying times in the great Civil War. After he left the army Mr. Potts resumed farm- ing and he and his brother subsequently bought the old homestead on which they were reared. Our subject has since bought his brother's interest in it and is now the sole owner. It is a fine, well-or- dered farm, under excellent tillage and replete with substantial improvements. To the lady who presides over his pleasant home here Mv. Potts was united in marriage. December 4, 1874. Mrs. Potts was formerly .lennie Wallworth and was born in St. Lawrence County, N. V. She is a woman of high character and a faithful member of the Methodist Church. The first marriage of our sub- ject, which took place April 4, 1872. was to Martha E. Patterson, and to them one child was born. Mrs. Potts was an estimal)le lady ami her death was mourned bj' many friends. Mr. and Mrs. Potts have no children by this marriage but in the kindness of their hearts have taken Stork T. Pan- cake to rear. Mr. Potts is a valued citizen of his township and is popular among his associates and numerous friends. He is one of the leaders of the Republi- can party in this vicinity, and has been a memlicr of the Reiniljlican Central Committee and also a delegate to various political conventions. He PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 835 is Justice of the Peace for this township, to which posilion he was (.'Iccted l\y forty-seven majority, although the Democrats usually carry the township by a majority of sixty-eiglit votes. 1 (EREMIAH F. WILLCOXEN. From the early history of Fulton Count}' the name of Willcoxen has been associated with its rise 'Mj and progress. The father of our oubjecl was one of its most prominent and well-known pioneers, who was for many years very active in developing its agricultural resources and was a prime factor in promoting its growth and 1-tying the solid 'founda- tion of its present prosperity. His son, of whom we write is distinguished not only as being one of the native-born citizens of tin's county liut for the part he has taken in its advancement to the front as one of the richest and best improved farming regions in the State. He is living on the old home- stead in Liverpool Township, whicli is the place of his birth, and here he is engaged in farming and stock-raising though not to so large an extent as formerly. He is one of the largest land holders in the county and is a man of wealth and influence in his community, who is widely known and iionored. Our subject was born in the pioneer home of his parents in Liverpool Township, February 17, 1833. He is a son of Capt. Elijah Willcoxen, an early set- tler of this county, wlio was a volunteer in the War of 1812 and served throughout the Black Hawk War, first as Lieutenant and then as Ca|itain. He was born in Rowan County, N. C, .Inly 24, I 789. His ancestors for many generations back were fa- mous people, and were held in high esteem wlu-re they resided as will be seen by referring to the sketch of George W. Ray, where the history of Mrs. Raj', (who was, in her maiden days. Miss Anna Willcoxen) and her family is given in full. Samuel Willcoxen, the grandfather of our subject, was a native of Norlh Carolina, and was probal)lv born in Rowan County. He was a son of John AVillcoxen, who was either born in Wales or came of Welsh parentage. He was a farmer of North Carolina and was also said to possess great genius as a mechanic, and was a man of strong character. He married Rachael Hoonc, sister of Daniel Boone, the noted Kentucky pioneer. She possessed a re- markable mind and had a keen sense of justice and appreciation, and indeed was in every respect an illustrious woman. She reared a large [family of children in North Carolina and in her old age lived with her grandson Jesse Willcoxen, in Estill County Ky., where she died at the age of seventy years. The grandfather of our subject was a farmer. He moved from his early home in North Carolina to Boonesboro, Ky., and was one of the pioneer settlers of that section of the State. He was a broad-minded, large-hearted man of deep religious convictions and was an influence for great good among his fellow pioneers. He was a member of the Regular Baptist Church and he had two sons who were Baptist preachers. He died in 182.5 at the age of sixty years. The maiden name of his wife was Anna Jordon, wiio is supposed to have been a native of Rowan County, N. C. She was a strict adherent of the Bai)tist faith and noted for her goodness of heart. Her last years were passed in this count}', on the homestead where our subject now lives, she having come iiither with her son Elijah in 1830. She had attained the venerable age of eighty-four years at the time of her death. She was the mother of ten children, six sons and four daughters, namely: Squire, Samuel, Elijah, Isaiah, Alfred, Jesse. Sai'ah, Francis, Mary, and Debbie. The fattier of our snbject moved from Rowan County, N. C, to Estill County, Ky., in 1815. He was one of the early settlers of tiiat region, whicli was a somewhat mountainous country and w.as then full of wild game, which he was very fond of hunting. On several occasions he had hogs killed by the bears. He owned a f.-iriii there, which it is thought he innst have taken up as patent land. In October, 1830, he came to Fulton County, making the trip with horse and ox-teams and bring- ing with him six milch cows and a fine stallion called Cultivator. The family spent their first winter here in a little log cabin, on the banks of Little Sister Creek in what is now Liverpool Township, the place being owned by John Ferris. The following s[iring Mr. Willcoxen purchased a 836 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. quarter section of Govenimeut land on section 5, this townsliip, on which he erected a commodious two-story and a half liewed log' house. His land was all heavily timbered, and the country round about was infested with deer and wild turkeys be- sides much other game, and as he was an expert hunter he often supplied the family larder with clioice venison and turkej-. He soon cleared his land, and as he was a hard worker and a good man- ager he was greatly prospered. He bought other laud from time to time until he owned many hun- dreil acres. He gave each of his boys one hundred and sixly acres of land and still had a large estate left at the time of his death. He was a man of great ability, of an enlightened mind, and was known for his great generosity and benevolence. He came to be considered a sort of a patriarch b}' the psople among whom so man^' years of his life were passed and he was venerated and beloved by all. Religiously he was a pillar of the Regular Baptist Church, and politically he was a supporter of the Democratic party. He was prominent in public life, was a Justice of the Peace for a great many years and served in ncarl}- all the offices of ' his township. He ilied Jul}- 3, 1860, and his fun- eral was attended by his twelve children. His pos- terity numbered one hundred and fourteen. Tiie maiden name of the motlier of our subject was Ciiarlotte Calloway, and she was born in Ashe County, N. C, April 2. 1792. She died June 18, 1874, at which time the fifth generation of her pos- terity, numbering two hundred and four in all, had appeared upon the scene. .She was a kind, motherly woman and reared iier children in the i)aths of honesty and virtue. She w.as a consistent member of the Baptist Ciuirch for sixty j'ears of her life. Her father was (!ol. Elijah Calloway, who was a distinguished citizen of North Carolina, and for many years an honored member of the Legislature of that State. The following are the names of the children born to the parents of our subject: Zerilda, Jessie B., Nancy M., Elijah C, Andrew J., Mary E. (Mrs. Cope), Isaiah M., Elizabeth C, Anna A. (Mrs. Raj'), Marshall N., James C. Charlotte, Jere- miah F. and America. The subject of this biographical review was reared to manhood on the farm where lie now lives. In his boyhood days he attended the pioneer log schoolhouses of that period that were furnished with slab benches, heated by a fire in a large open fire-place, and a slab fastened on the wall under the windows served as a writing desk. The first school he attended was held in the old log Baptist Church, two miles northeast of his home. The teaching was not much after the fashion of the present day, and the scholars studied out loud. The teacher was paid by subscription and boarded a week about with the parents of the pupils. When our subject was a boj' the wild sparsely settled country round about was inhabited by deer, tur- keys, wolves, lynx, and wild cats. The old deer trail ran just south of the house and he remembers seeing deer come about the farmyard in the even- ing when he milked the cows. Our subject helped clear the farm which was heavily timbered, and at the death of his father took charge of the estate. The quarter section on which the old home is situ- .<1.50 a hundred pounds. In 1835 Mr. Parry lef this pioneer home in Ohio to build up another in Illinois. He staid for a while in Menard County, and then coming to Fulton County entered a tract of Government land in Astoria Township, on which he settled in 1836. He built a log house to shelter his familj', and cleared quite a tract of his land, on which he resided until his death at the age of eight3'-four j'ears. Rebecci Eagle was the maiden name of his wife. She was born in Virginia, and died there on the home farm at the venerable age of ninety-three .years. Of her ten children seven are now living. When our subject was two years old his parents removed from his birthplace to Tuscarawas County, in the same State, and there he grew to manhood. As soon as large enough he commenced to assist his father on the farm, and .at the age of nineteen began to learn the trade of a carpenter, which he followed in Ohio until 1835, when ho accompanied his parents to this State. There were thirty-two in the party, and the removal was made overland, the people cooking and camping by the wayside at night. At that time Fulton County was a wilderness and there were but few permanent settlers within its borders, there being more squat- ters holding claims which the}' were glad to sell. They were generally living in rude log cabins with- out any floor, chimney or windows. The men were mostly dressed in deerskin clothing and wore coonskin caps. Wilil game was very plentiful, and could be killed from the door of the cabin. Mr. Parry was married October 18, 1838, to Maria Crawford, who was born near Cincinnati, Ohio, and is a daughter of Alexander Crawford. The young couple began their wedded life on a tract of timber land on section 1, Astoria Town- ship, where our subject built a good hewed log house, with rived shingles for the roof, a puncheon floor, and a chimney of mud and sticks built on the outside of the house. All the cooking was done before the Hre in the fireplace, and Mrs. Parry used to spin and weave and make all the cloth for the family. By dint of hard labor our subject cleaved away tiie heav}' timber from one hundred and sixty acres of land, on which he resided until 1882. He then rented his wcli-itnproved farm. 838 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. and came to Astoria, where he has since lived in honorable retirement, enjoying the fruits of a well- spent life. Tlie good wife of our sultject was spared to him more than fifty years, but their pleasant wedded life was at length brought to a close by her death, IMarch 27, 1889. The following Ave children blessed their union — Mary J., Rebecca, Sarah, Ellen and Violet. Mr. Parry has for many years been a conscien- tious and upright Christian, as he was converted at the age of fifteen years, and has since been a mem- ber of the Methodist Episcopal Church for a per- iod of more than half a century. He has served his church faithfully as Class-Leader twenty-two years, and has worked in the Sunday-school and in the protracted meetings. ■^OHN H. HELLER was born December 1 1815, in Richland County, Ohio, a few ' miles from Ashland, and is a son of John and Belinda Heller. His father was of Ger- man descent, and was born Nov. 21, 1786. and his mother, who previous to her marriage was Belinda Van Augha, of New Jersey, was a descendant of an old and aristocratic German family. Their mariage took place in Pennsylvania, where they resided for a number of years, afterward moving to Ohio and locating in Richland Count}-. In 1835 the}' removed to Illinois, settling in Putman Township, this county, where they purchased one hundred and sixty acres of land partially improved, and where they made a permanent home. The father died November 30, 1863, and the mother also died in the same month and 3'ear. They were the parents of nine children, of whpni those now living are: Daniel, John H., Peter, Simon, William Harrison and Eliza (Mrs. Samuel Wells.) The father of our subject was a prominent and influential man, and accumulated a large amount of property during his lifetime. He was at_one time a tanner, indeed, was engaged in business in a tannery, still house, brick yard and farm at one and the same time. Politically, he was a Demo- crat, and religiously, a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Our suliject received a com- mon-school education in a district school of Ohio, and while in tliat State learned the business of a tanner under the direction of his father. After coming to Illinois, he and his brother Daniel started a tannery at Cnl)a, and for a number of years con- tinued to run it most successfully. At a later date he devoted his attention to farming, and was after- ward interested in a shoe store and harness shop in Cuba for a number of years. He then accepted a clerkship in the store of Dugald Sterrat. and later entered into a partnership with John L. Keller in a grocery business, the firm name being Keller & Heller. But at the end of three years Mr. Heller retired from business, settling upon his present estate. Our subject was married to Miss Hannah Baugli- man, daughter of Jacob Baughman, on Januar}' 30, 1839. Their union was blessed with five children, viz: Elizabetli, wife of Isaac Hedrick, of Putman Township; James M., deceased; Daniel W., who mairied Miss Marj' Scott, and lives in Putman Township; Eli, who died in earl}' infancy; and Cyrus, who married Miss Sherwood, and lives in Arkansas. Mrs. Heller died February 12. 1882, and on Sep- tember 14, 1886, he married j\Irs. Mary A. Holmes, daughter of Garrett and Mary (Ackerson) Acker- son. Mr. Ackerson resideifin Ohio for a number of years after his marriage, and removing to Illi- nois in 1828, settled in Sangamon County. The following year he moved to Fulton County, locat- ing in Lewistowu Township, where he made his permanent home. At that time the country was very wild, and the Indians frequently visited their house. Mr. Ackerson was a prominent man and hold the office of Justice of the Peace for several years, and was also a member of the Baptist Church. Mrs. Ackerson died many years ago, but Mr. Ackerson survived until recently. They were the parents of eight children, of whom two are living at the present time, viz: Mrs. Heller, and Mrs. J. Cadwallader, who lives near Ipava. Mrs. Heller was born in Ohio May 17, 1819, and received her education in the common schools of that State. Previous to her marriage with i^e^^nc^^^^^ PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. sn Mr. Heller she bad been married three times, her last husband being William Holmes. She is a member of the Episcopal Church, but attends the Methodist Protestant Church with her husband, and thej' are liberal supporters of all religious mat- ters. Mr. Heller was Assessor of Putman Town- ship for several years, Justice of the Peace four years and also served as Collector and is now a School Director. At present he is agent for tlie Rockford A' Glens Falls Insurance Company. Mr. Heller has always taken an active part in politics, beii'g a Democrat at one time, but now a Prohibitionist. A strictly moral man himself, he advocates temperance, and has done much for this cause in the community in which he resides. Al- though seventy-five years of age, he continues his interest in business matters, and possesses much influence in mercantile, religious and social circles. He owns a beautiful house that is surrounded by large, well-kept gardens, and is besides the owner of a valuable and highly cultivated farm. He is a man of vast experience and his honorable career has won for liim many friends. -^1 kL PT ELIJAH D. SPI on in her circ ' grows rapid Iv are favorably witli many a city home. Mr. Dickson lias bought land from lime to time as his means would perunl until now he owns over twelve hundred acres, more than half of which is under cultivation and six hundred acres on sections 6 and 8, are pasture land. Mr. Dickson has been twice married, his first marriage rites having been celebrated December 23, 1848. His bride was Miss Nancy J. Arnett, a native of Kentucky, who shared his joys and sor- rows until called hence. .She left four children — John W., Charles M., David I)., and Anna A., now Mrs. Fitch. Mrs. Dickson had accompanied her parents — Cleanthes and Margaret (Deane) Arnett — to this county in the spring of 1837. their home being made in Liverpool Township. The second marriage of our subject was solem- nized January 19, 1873, bis companion being Jliss Mary A. Asldiy, who was born in Jefferson County, March 22, 1849. Her father A. J. Ashby, was born in North Carolina and came to this county when the red men were still numerous here. Mr. Ashby is a car|>enter, farmer and local preacher in the Methodist Episcopal Church. Ills wife, Char- lotte (Dudley) Ashby, was born in \'irginia and died in this county at the age of sixty years. The present union of the Rev. Mr. Dickson has resulted in the birth of six children, viz: Minnie, Francis, (deceased), Margie, William, Thomas anossessed with tlie idea that he should preach the Gospel. Three months afterward he was licensed to exhort b3' Milton Haynej', then Elder in this district. Mr. Dickson first preached at Mt. Pleasant Church, east of Lewistown, and has held a dozen or more re- vival meetings there at which hundreds have been added to the church. He has also held revival meetings at Maple's Mill, in Liverpool Township, with marked success, as well, as in various other parts of the county. He now preaches at the Wat- erford and Mt. Pleasant churches. — ^mBlpiM '^'~ ■■«8^#^ M-s- MOS B. THOMAS. Beyond a doubt Lhe warp and woof of life is made up of strands of good and evil fortune, here dark, there light, but in the eyes of Christian faith it is a gladsome whole. Such indeed it has proven to Amos B. Thomas and his most worth3' wife, who on Thanksgiving, in 1888, having been permitted to walk hand in hand to the niilestone that marks a golden wedding, celebrated that liapp}' event in a highly fitting way at their beautiful residence at Farmington. Our subject settled in Farmington as far back as 1837, having experienced all the hardships of the pioneer days. His birth occurred March 3, 1812, at Mt. Desert Island, Me., he being the son of Abraham and Jane (Beriy) Thomas, natives of the 856 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. Fine Tiee Slate. The father was a seafaring man in his early days, and was for awhile captain in the coasting trade, but finally loeated on a farm ;U Eden, Me., where he paid the highest taxes in the township. During the War of 1812 he was Captain of Militia and acted in defense of the American vessels in the adjacent harbors. He was a Represen- tative when Maine was a district of Massachusetts. He died in 18.38, having attained his fifty-third year, and his wife lived to be seventy-five years of ao-e. They were the parents of four children — Amos B., Matihla. Isaac H. and Bloomfield. The original progenitor of the Thomas family in America was John Thomas, Jr., who came from Wales in 16G7 and settled at Providence, R. I. In tiacing the direct line of descent we find a John Thomas in the two succeeding generations and then a ^'icholas Thomas, who w^as the grandfather of our svibject. Nicholas Thomas w.as born in Nova Scotia and served in the Revolutionary War under Col. John Allen. He was captured by the British and placed in prison at Halifax, whence he made his escape by means of a sort of saw made from an old knife. He was very active in religions work, for years held the office of Deacon in the Bap- tist Church and was to some extent engaged in ministerial work. The Thomas family was quite prominent in England. The wife of our subject has a beautiful painting on brass that displays the Tliomas coat-of-arms, beneath which is inscribed "Tliomas, Seal Clerk of the Exchecquer to Queen Elizabeth. Granted t)th of July, 1.599." ' The education of our subject was somewhat lim- ited, owing to the times in which he lived, but he added to the knowledge obtained in school by per- sistent study and reading and a keen observation of what was going on around him. At the age of eighteen he was a()()rentice(l to a house and ship joiner and after learning the trade, at the age of twenty-one he went to Savannah, Ga. There lie worked at his trade and finished up many a state- room and cabin in mahogany. He reiuained in the South a year, during which time the Seminole War took place and he was drafted into the armj', serv- ing several months. Returning to his native State Mr. Thomas engaged at his trade in Ellsworlh.bul in 1837 came to Illinois, during his journey hither taking his first railroad ride, from Boston to Wor- cester. He had an offer of a soldier's claim for one hundred and sixty acres that lay in Farming- ton Township, this county, and came west to look it up. He, however, did not decide to buy it, but worked energetie:dly at his trade and after a time bought one hundred and twenty acres wiiich he gradually improved. Several of the early stores and residences of Furmington were the work of his hands and so too was the old Presbyterian Church, now torn down, and thai occupied by the Congre- gationalists. Owing to tlie fact of his being a strong and ac- tive Abolitionist, Mr. Thomas had tuuch to en- counter that was far from pleasant at the hands of his political enemies. But possessing that strength of cliaracter that believes in right at whatever cost, he nobly stood his ground, botli in this and in the matter of strict temperance. He assisted hundreds of slaves to make their escape and in every way performed what he conceived to be a Christian's duly, although subjecting himself to a heavy pen- alty. But such was the purity of his own life and his kindness of heart that all were forced to respect iiim and agree that he acted only from moral con- victions. In 1840 he voted for James G. Birney, the first liberty candidate, later cast a ballot for John G*. Fremont and in more recent years has helped to elect Lincoln, Grant, Hays, Garfield and Harrison. Our subject, seeing a career before him, thought best to share it with a loving helpmate, and this he found in the schoolmistress of Farmington — ;\Iiss Mary Hart — whom he married on Thanksgiving day, 1838. Their marriage ceremony was one of the social events of this neighborhood, and was at- tended by many of the prosperous people in the country around. Tlie ceremony was performed by the Rev. Jeremiah Porter, Farniington's first t)astor. and also Chicago's first pastor, his wife be- ing the first teacher in that city — in those days only a military trailing post. Miss Hart had attended the district schools in her Eastern home and the academies at Goshen and Westfield, Conn, and had taught in that State for a time before her parents came West. She was twenty-tw^o years old when the removal took place and in Farmington she PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 857 taught a private sclioul and also |iii(ir to her mar- riage was a teacher in Schuyler County, llor early life here presented a great contrast to tliat of lier earlier years, the little log house and all the sur- roundings being vastl\' different from the roomy dwelling and more advanced civilization which she had left. She and her brothers and sisters made the best of their surroundings, however, and did not allow the change in their circumstances to in- terfere with their happiness. The parents of Mrs. Thomas were Ilenr}' and Ann Elizabeth (Street) Hart, natives of Connecti- cut and Nova Scotia respectively. The father was an agriculturist and later engaged in the manufac- ture of clocks. He visited this section in 1834 and bought a half section of land u|)on which lie built a 12xH house in which he took up his residence in 1835. The family came from Akron, Ohio, in wagons, sending their goods round by the water route. Although there were but eight houses be- tween them and Peoria and wolves howled around the door at night, they looked forward with bright hopes to the future and lived to see a great change in the country. The family was twelve in number, bearing the names of Elizabeth L., William, Mary, Catherine, Minerva, Margaret, Luther, Henry II., Calvin, Rachel Louise, Edward and David E. After their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Thomas lived in Farniington fifteen years and then moved onto the farm. Mr. Thomas was engaged in contract- ing and building, keeping a number of men in his employ, and consequently his household was very large, in the spring of 1888 he retired to Earm- ington, taking possession of the most elegant res- idence in the place, where he and his faithful wife are enjoy ing all that heart can wish of material com- fort and friendly regard. They have been the hapjiy l)arents of three children, viz: Elizabeth J., Hen- rietta Helen and Frederick, deceased. Elizabeth is the wife of Dr. Henry McCall. has one child, and lives in Farmington; her daughter, Harriet, mar- ried T"^lmer Stetson, and lives in .Sioux City, Iowa, and has one child — Guy. Henrietta Helen is the wife of Henry B. Greenleaf, of Farmington. Mr. Thomas is a member of the Congregational Church and has been a Deacon for a great manj' years. Prior to the organization of the. society' in Farmington he belonged to the Old Presbyterian Church and held the office of Elder. He has done much to advance the interests of Farmington and has accomplished more good than a biographical sketch, however lengthy, could possibly recount. He contributed liberally to the Chicago, Burling- ton (t Quincy Railroad and also to the Illinois Cen- tral. He is one of the few men who have never used tobacco or intoxicants, or sued or been sued. Both himself and wife are very much beloved in this community where so many useful years have been spent by them. ON. W. H. HEMENOVER. This name will be recognized as that of a resident of Can- ton, who has been identified with various interests of the county for thirty years. He was born in Byron, Sussex County, N. J., on Independence Da}", 1822. He is of German descent in the paternal line, bis grandfather. Anthony H. Hemenover, having emigrated from Moravia, Ger- many to America prior to the Revolutionary War. The father of our subject was George Hemenover, who married Phebe Angeline Allen, a descendant of the noted Ethan Allen of Revolutionary fame. The father was a merchant in Byron for many years and the son was given every opportunity' that the town afforded to acquire knowledge. At a ver}^ early period in his life our subject manifested an interest in political affairs and at the age of twelve years gained the sobriquet of the boy politiciun. He had scarcely passed that age ere he began to make speeches in favor of Democ- racy. During his teens he learned the printer's traewoc/'a<, the lead- 858 PORTRAIT A^•D lilOGRAPIIICAL ALBUM. ing Democratic sheet in Southern New Jersey and the first paper in the United Slates to suggest the name of James Buciianan for tlie Presidency' — which act was personally recognized by an invita- tion from the President to meet himself and niece at the White House. The Democrat was published at Hoboken and af- ter living there for a time Mr. Ilemenover was elected Police Magistrate, and later represented the district in the State Legislature. Again he was appointed State Printer, and then, in 1858, came West and reported the speeches of Lincoln and Dougl.is. This section of the Mississippi Yalley attractcd him b}^ its promise, and he removed with his family to McDonough County-, settling on a farm not far from Prairie City. In 1860 he changed his residence to this county, where he has been varionsly engaged in farming, coal mining, the sale of merchandise and the keeping of an hotel. He is now proprietor and landlord of the New Canton House. He was a prime mover in securing the prompt completion of the Chicago, Burlington & ( Juincy Railroad through this section. The wife of Mr. Hemenover bore the maiden name of Julia D. Barton, is a native of Stockholm, N. J., and was joined in wedlock to our subject August 54, 1845. She is of Irish ancestry, but her father, Andrew 1). Barton, was a native of the same Slate as lierself. "YRUS LIBBY is one of the oldest settlers of this county now living within, its limits. i(f'He came here as early as 1834, and as a hard-working, shrewd pioneer farmer has aided in developing the agricultural resources of this sec- tion. He owns a desirable farm in Joshua Town- ship and is in comfortable circumstances. Mr. Libby is a native of the State of Delaware. Ilis birthplace was near Milford, in Susses County. In 1820 he made his wa}' from his native place to Ohio, making the long journey, which l.a\- pailly through a sparsely settled country and over moun- tains, all the way fiom Milford on foot, carrying all his worldly goods in a small bundle. Foot- sore and weary, he arrived in Ashland County-, and looked about for work, found a situation on a farm. He continued to live in the Bucke3'e State until 1834, when he came to Illinois with his par- ents. He well remembers the terrible storm of 1835, which swept over Canton and left in its track nothing but desolation and ruin. He fortunately escai)ed uninjured. I'ntii he was t»vent\--one years of age he remained at home, and then commenced life on his own responsdiility. During the first year he worked for Robert Shields, earning 81.25 per week, and of this mone}' he received onl}' 840 in cash and the remainder in clothes. In 1844 he operated the JIcBroom farm on shares, and by wise economy and shrewd management, was enabled to invest money in land. Mr. Libbj- came to this county with the inten- tion of remaining here because be shrewdly con- sidered that the cheai) land, rich soil, and olher fine advantages of this part of the country would ena- ble him sooner to become independent and acquire a competence. When he came here he was poor in pocket, but was well endowed with good capacit}' for labor and with other excellent traits of charac- ter that are necessary to success. In those d.ays of pioneer toil he worked to a good purpose, and in 1853 was enabled to buy his present farm. He has pl.aced himself in a position of comparative wealth and is one of the solid men of the township. He has here a ne.it and substantial dwelling, with pleasant surroundings, of which the most attractive feature is the giant cottonwood tree directly in front of the residence. In 1869 5Ir. Libby formed the acquaintance of Mrs. Sarah (Boswell) Henderson, the widow of Daniel Henderson, and thej' being mutually |)leased with each other, decided to unite their lives and were married that year. Mrs. Libby has two children by her first marriage, David and Elva Henderson, both married and residing in this county. For further information in regar(i to the parent.al history of Mrs. Libby see sketch of her father, on another page of this work. Her parents were natives respectively of Virginia and Ohio. She is a lady of refinement and culture, and one who stands high in the esteem of all who know her. To Jlr. and Mrs, Libb}- four children have been PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 859 born — Lucy, Ida, Mitchel and John, and to them the parents have given the advantages of good ed- ucations, and they are calculated in every way to fill [jrorninent positions in social and business cir- cles. They have a happy home and their pleasant circle has never been broken by death. Jlr. Lihhy has been a life-long Democrat and cast his first vote for JIarlin ^'an Buren. He has long been known as an honorable, hard-workin^ farmer, who possesses good qualities as a man and is loval and true as a citizen. ^- ointed farms in ^ „ all Farmington Township, and hejs classed among the most progressive and intelligent citizens in the community. Lcvon Tucker, the father of our subject was born in Hamilton County. Ohio. He was there married to Catherine Lake, who was also a native of that State. They came to Illinois in 1846 and located in Fairview Township, and thence removed to F'armington Townshi|), of which they were pioneers. Our subject's p,alernal grandfather married Ann Thompson. They were natives of Maryland. The father of our subject died in 1874 at the age of sixty-two j'ears, and his mother died in 1888 at the age of sixty -seven years. Thcv had five chil- dren — William Henry, James Madison, George W., Hannah A. and Charles M. James lives in Farm- ingtou; George W. in Canton Township; Hannah resides on the old Tucker homestead ; and Charles M. is a resident of Farmingtou Township. The subject of this sketch was born in 1842 in Fairview Township. His early educational advan- tages were such !is were afforded in those pioneer times. He attended school in the first schoolhouse that was built in the district and he also spent a winter at the Canton High School. He h,is further increased his education bj- observation and read- ing, and is to-day a well informed man. When it came the time for him to decide upon his life work, he chose the calling of a farmer as best adapted to his tastes and ability; and the appear- ance of his neat, well-ordered farm, with its sub- stantial buildings, .and its sixty acres of well-tilled soil, finely located on section 32, sliows that he chose wisely and well. He has fine herds of horses and cattle as he devotes much attention to stock- raising. The marriage of our subject has been a happy one and he and his famil3' are very pleasantly situ- ated. Their home is certainly the tj-pical Ameri- can home, attainable only under our admirable system of protection to American industries, for it abounds with all modern conveniences, necessa- ries and man}- of the luxuries of life and is the seat of intelligence, refinement and culture. Mrs. Tucker prior lo her marriage was Miss Sarah Vaughan, and she is a daughter of James and Rhoda (Marriott) Vaughan. Her father was l)orn in Hamilton Count}-, Ohio, and her mother in Clermont Count}-, that State. They were there married and her father who was a farmer carried on his operations in Hamilton County, several years after marriage. He died in 1851. when nearly forty-six years old. His second wife. Mrs. Tucker's mother, died December 9, 1880, at the age of seventy years. They had Ss&:; Q^^^'a/ 3^n;!^ PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL A^^BUM. 865 three children, Harriet E., Sarah A., and Charles H., the latter dying at the age of six jears. The fa ther had five children by his first marriage; Francis, George C, William M.. Margaret P., and Julia A. Harriet E., is the wife of John Emory, of Canton. Mrs. Tucker was born in Hamilton County, Oliio, and name with her mother to Fulton County in 1855 and settled in Farmiiigton Township. She is a lady of exceptional worth and presides over her home with grace. Her marriage with our subject has been blessed to them by three children : John L., a young man of fine intellect, well-trained; Hattio, and (jrace. The daughters are fine musicians and are well educated. Mr. Tucker cast his first vote for Abraham Lin- coln. He has served for twelve years as School Director. lie has never identified himself with any church, but is a man of liigh principles, and tries to live according to the Golden Rule. '=^r^ ^m- ^'=^"> HI LIP BROCK, the proprietor of a fine farm on section 28, Cass Township, is one of the most prosperous men in this local- ity. He is an extensive landowner, having real estate not only in tliis county, but in McLean and McDonoLigh Counties. His parents, Philip and Elizabeth (Gabal) Brock, were jiioneers of this county, and he may be so regarded also, as he has contributed his quota toward the development (jf its agricultural interests. Our subject is of German origin, his family originating in Hesse-Cassel, Germany, where he was born in 1820. They came from there to this country in 1838, and landing at Ballimore, Mil., made their way to Wheeling, W. Va., whence they embarked on a boat and floated down the Ohio to Cincinnati. After remaining in that city a week they resumed the voyage to St. Louis, whence they proceeded to the mouth of the Spoon River, and from there came by wagon to Harris Township, which is now a part of Cass Township. The fa- ther of our subject bought a claim to a quarter- section of timber and hilly land, of which a small part was improved. There the family took up their abode and remained several years. On September 13, 1839! they were bereaved by the death of the father, who was a kind husband and father, and an honest, sober-minded, good-hearted man. The mother survived him until, 1863, when she too passed away. They were the parents of five chil- dren who grew to maturity; our subject; Conrad and Henry now deceased; Elizabeth and John. He of whom these lines are written received good schooling in the Fatherland. He was eighteen j-ears old when the family came to America, and here he has spent the greater part of his life. Be- fore coming to America he had herded sheep for his father, and here he greatly assisted him in his labors, and after the father died superintended the afifairs of the farm, remaining upon it until the year 1847. Having taken unto himself a wife he then moved from the old homestead to the farm which he now occupies. This comprises two hun- dred and eighty acres of finely tilled land, supplied with good improvements of a neat and substantial order. He has besides this estate twenty acres of land in Bernadotte Township, eighty acres in Mc- Donough County, and eighty acres in McLean County, comprising a fine property of four hun- dred and sixty acres. Mr. Brock has practically retired from farming, and rents his farm, though he still deals in stock, cattle, horses, hogs and sheep. When he and his wife came here they were poor, and all that they have has been procured by their joint labor, for Mrs. Brock is as hard a worker as Mr. Brock, and both have been wisely frugal and economical while accumulating the competence which will enable them to enjoj' their declining yea'rs more at leisure. They may well be proud of what they have accomplished. Mr. and Mrs. Brock were married in June, 1865. Her maiden name was Maria Fridley, and she is a daughter of John and Hester (Buck) Fridley, na- tives of Pennsylvania. They were there married, and in 1834 came to Illinois, and were among the early settlers of Cass Township, locating on the place now occupied by Ogden Gra^^ The sur- rounding country was then very sparsely settled, and their house was in a lonel}' situation, being the only one between Cuba (now a thriving town, then but a small hamlet) and Ellisville. Mr. Fridley, 8«6 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. who was by occupation a was^onniaker and farmer, served as a patriotic soldier in tiie War of 1812. and died in 1845. His widow married again and survived until 1890. They were the parents of six children who grew to maturity, named Elizabeth, Mrs. Si nnett, now deceased; Henry. Jesse; Maria, Mrs. Brock; Louisa, Mrs. Gray; and James. Mrs. Brock is a native of Cass Township, and was born September 10, 1838. She attended the typical pioneer school taught in a log cabin, and has wit- nessed almost tlie entire development of this region. In connection witli this sketch, we present totlie reader portraits of Mr. Brock and his wife. They are people of true, honest and kindly hearts, alw.ays trying to do what they can to help others in dis- tress or want, and are greatly respected in this com- munil}^ where they are well known. He has been a prominent Granger, and was at one time Treasurer of the Grange, and has served his township as Pathmaster. Politically, lie was a Democrat until fifteen years ago, when he identified himself with the Greenback party for a time, and has since been independent. | a^iKE UGFSTUSS.WATSOIs. No name is justly entitled to a higher place in the liistor3' of Cass Township than the one which heads <^j this sketcii.for it is borne by a man who has most honorably discharged every obligation in life with such fidelity that he has not an enemy in the world. Mr. AVatson has made his home here since 1836, and is connected both through his family and by his marriage with the most prominent peo- ple in this county. The father of our subject was James C. Watson, a native of Maryland who was born in 1791. and came to Illinois in the j-ear 1836. with his family. He was a soldier in the War of 1812, being in Hull's Army, and was afterwards under Gen. Lewis Cass, and suggested the name of tliis townsliip when it was organized. His ancestors came originally from Ireland, and he possessed all the wit and bril- liancy of speech natural to the children of the Em- erald Isle. He married Miss Elizabeth Wood, a na- tive of Old Virginia. Her father was an English- man, and her mother of German birth. Both of their lives extended over an unusually long perio ^^r/UGUSTUS EMORY. When contemplat- ^£J ing the present condition of the vast Mis- i !) sissippi Valley and noting the wonderful development of its resources and growth of its civilization, due credit should always l)e given to those who stood in the vanguard and bore manj' privations which we of the present genera- tion find it hard to realize. Among the men now living in Canton Township who are numbered among that grand class, the old settlers of Fulton County, is Augustus Fmory, whose career we pur- pose to sketch in outline. The details of his life- work, of his struggles and successes, his hardships and his comforts, must be left to the imagination of the reader. The parents of Mr. Emory were Stephen and Poll3- (Ingalls) Emory, natives of New Hampshire, and who died in Rindge, that State. The natal day of our subject was September 27, 1813, and his birthplace Rindge, N. II. He grew to msnbood upon his father's farm, accjuiriugsuch an education as was possible in the schools of the period and gaining a practical knowledge of agriculture while assisting his father. After'he reached his majority he still remained in the vicinity of his birthplace until 1838 when he turned his footsteps vvestward, arriving in tliis county on the 3rd of June. For about a year he lived with the late Samuel Brown, then entered the employ of Abel II. Wliite, for whom he peddled tinware and dry-goods through the county for a period of three years. We next find Mr. Emor.y peddling clocks in Ohio for Abner D. Bond, but a year later returning to the vicinit3' of Canton. Soon afterward, in com- pany with Abel II. White, he went to Ohio for the the purpose of purchasing sheep. They bought thirteen hundred head which they drove from Greene County' hither, dividing the flock after their arrival. Soon after, Mr. Emory sold one-half of his flock to J. A. Maynard with whom he was engaged in the sheep business for three years. The venture proved a successful one and after the con- nection between the two gentlemen was dissolved, Mr. Emory continued in the business alone for a number of years. In 18SG lia finally abandomi'd it, selling off his entire flock. In 1847 Mr. Elmory purchased one Imndred and sixty acres of land on section 20, which he operated in connection with his other business. He built a good house, made other valuable improvements and after he sold his sheep, gave his attention wholly to farming. He has now disposed of all liis land but forty-seven and one-half acres, where he and his estimable wife iiave a comfortable and at- tractive home. They are |)assing quietly down the hill of time, blest by the respect of their ac- cpiaintances and the deep affection of their only child, Herbert, who is in the employ of Parlin & Orendorff in Canton. Mr. and Jlrs. Emory are liberal in tlieir religious views and the former votes the Republcan ticket. Had he been more distrust- ful he would have been in still better finances, as he has lost considerable nionej' by (lis|)laying con- fidence in others. His enjoyment is perhaps as great as it would have been in other circumstances, as the pleasures of companioi!5hip are lessened by our distrust of human-kind. The wife cif Mr. Emory was known in her maiden- 868 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. hood as Miss Permelia Ellis. She was born in this township. March 4. 1832, and married here, Novem- her 1, 1865. Her parents were Isaac and Nancy (Jennings) Ellis, both of whom were natives of the Southern States. Mrs. Enior3' liad previously been jnarrieS^5»<^!»t^ ^[_^0N. JOHN A. LEEPER. A glance at the genealogy of this family will show that both the paternal and maternal ancestors have been extensive real-estate owners and promi- nent men. The father of our subject, William Lecper and his mother, Elleanor (Lake) Leeper, were both descendants of wealthy and intelligent families, the father being a native of Hamilton County, Ohio, and the mother of Cincinnati. The Lake family came originally from Holland and possessed those sturdy traits of character characteristic of the na- tives of that country. The}' are des''endants of An- neke Jans whose vast estates in the State of New York have been for so long in litigation. We first find the Leeper family in Pennsylvania PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 873 in the old Colonial days. Our subject's grandfather on the paternal side was numbered among the early pioneers of Oliio and in thai State the father passed his youth. Going to Cincinnati to engage in busi- ness lie met and married Elle.mor Lalte. To them were born ten cliildren, of whom John A. is the eldest and the others are named as follows: Isaac N., Harriet, Emcline, Gilbert, Oliver, Charles, Henry. Frank and Nettie. The family removed to Illinois in 1840, making the tri}) in a prairie schooner and settling in Fairview. As the years rolled by the father continued to add to his lintmcial resources and was at the time of his death a wealthy man. The mother departed this life at tlie home of her daughter. Mrs. Slack, in this township in her sevenly-sevcMilh year. Onr subject was born December 3, 1831, and spent a happy childhood in the old homestead in Cincinnati. His early recollections are closely allied with scenes along the banks of the Ohio River, a stream that charms the eye and lives long in the memory of those to whom it has once been familiar. At an early age he commenced attending school, and from the start evinced a real fondness for books. After coming to Fulton County he contin- ued his studies wiih great perseverance, thus laying tlie foundation for the political prominence he gained in after life. When twenty-one years of age lie entered Mt. Morris Seminary where his class- mates and colleagues included such men as Senator CuUom, Gen. Smith D. Atkins and Col.B. F. Sheets. Senator Cullom was his roommate and intimate friend at the seminary and it was through him that our subject met the Senator's sister, who at a later date became his wife. Mr. Leejjer, being the eldest child, was called upon to assist his father in the management of their large estate and in this w.ay became interested in agricultural pursuits. Such was his success in farming that he has continued to follow this as a vocation. To-day he is universall}' conceded to rank among the most progressive and energetic agriculturists of this township. His estate comprises four hundred and twenty-three acres of valuable land, and he carries on farming in a thoroughly advanced way, embracing all new methods of im- proving his place. When in his twenty-fourth year the subject of our sketch was married to Miss Linnie Cullom, daughter of Richard N. Cullom and sister of Sena- tor Shelby M. Cullom. Her father was born near Nashville, Tenn., and her mother, Elizabeth (Cof- fee) Cullom. was a initive of North Carolina. Mr. and Mrs. Cullom were married in Lewiston. Ky., and their uni(^)n was blessed with eleven children' the first seven being born in Kentucky, the otiiers in Illinois, viz: Eliza .lane, Polly, Nancy. Louis, Perry, Shelby M. and James N. (twins); the lat- ter died in infancy; Julia, Emeline, Linnie and Henry Cla^-. Our subject after his marriage took up the duties associated with farm life. Of his marriage have been born four children, viz: Lora E., who married ISIiss Clara Morton and lives on the homestead; Addie A., and Ada A. de- ceased; and Clara E., who is the wife of Simon G. Bear, of Farmington. Mr. Leeper was elected to the Legislature in the fall of 1876 and served in that important position with credit to himself and satisfaction to the people He has a clear concei)tion of the duties of the American legislator and sought ever to maintain the honor and integrity of that sovereign body. True to his party and constituency he never swerved from the path of duty and never indulged in needless discussion on the introduction of bills merely for the sake of gaining notoriety. To every question that came up he gave his earnest and careful consideration and frankly took the side that his judgment told him was conducive to the welfare of the people. Perhaps no man in this countj' is more thoroughly or favorablj- known than he, as a man of indisputable character, reliability and worth. The home of Mr. Leeper is a model of conven- ience and comfort and the entire premises give an air of prosperity that his industry and intelligence merits. The fact of his being a stanch Republican is so thoroughly known that any mention of his political party preferences in this work would be useless. He cast his first vote for John C. Fre- mont and has attended every Republican caucus and supported every Republican ticket, whether National. State, county or township since that time. Hp is undoubtedly the most prominent politician in the township and is a man of considerable learn- 874 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. ing, well-informed on bnsinoss li)[)ics and literary questions. He was chosen rlelcigate to the .Senatorial Convention held at Canton July 15, 1890, and was Supervisor of Farmington Township previous to his electiori as Representative. Ho has been chosen executor of many estates and has been appointed administrator for many others. - ^j IMON P. ADDIS. Many of the native- born citizens of this county have adopted an agricultural career, and are accomplish- ing their purpose of securing good homes wherein all the comforts of our advanced civiliza- tion may be enjoyed. Among this number is the gentleman above named, whose estate on section 5, Banner Township, consists of one hundred and twenty-seven acres, on which stand the various outbuildings thought necessary by a progressive farmer, together with a beautiful modern residence erected in 1889 at a cost of $2,000. The soil is naturally fertile and every effort is made to in- crease its productiveness by a proper rotation of crops and the wise use of drainage or fertilization, as seems advisable. The commodious residence and pleasant surroundings are represented by a view on another page. Our subject is the fifth in a family of nine chil- dren born to Aaron and Jane (Snydam) Addis, of Banner Township. The father is now deceased, but the mother is still living at the age of eighty- four years. He of whom we write was born in Buckheart Township, February 18, 1843, and passed his youth in the usual manner of farmers' sons. He worked on the home farm until August, 1862, when he was able to accomplish his desire to enter the armies of his country and devote the strength of his right arm to the preservation of the Union. Responding to the call for three hundred thousand troops, he enlisted in Compau}- K.One IIuns and surrounding himself with the best of rural belongings. Mr. and Mr. Addis have had nine children, of whom the following survive: Delia, wife of Leroj' C. Ballard, living in Buckheart Township; Web- ster, aged fourteen; Grace, aged twelve; Russell, aged nine, and G rover, aged four, who add to the charm of the fireside. Mr. Addis is an active Democrat of the Stephen A. Douglas school, and takes a part in the councils of the party at conventions, etc. He is at present Supervisor of Banner Township and formerly held the position of Highway Commissioner more th.an fifleen years, and was School Director fourteen years continuously. He is Master of Banner Grange. Xo. 1643, P. of II., and was the repre- sentative to the .Slate Grange. He also belongs to Olive Brancii Lodge, I. 0. O. F.. at Canton. His reputation is well established as a man of honor, reliability and true worth, and he is respected in due proportion. ,<^ AMUEL EDWARDS. It is always a pleas- ^^^^ ure to see persevering industry crowned igs, making it necessary for the members of the family to be very watchful. Maj. Prater received his commission during the War of 1812; he died at the age of seventy years. The parental family included nine sons and daugiiters, he of whom we write being the fourth in order of birth. The third child, John, died when seventeen years old and the fifth, William, in West- ern Missouri. The latter was in the Civil War about a year and his brother Allen served two years. Those of the family now living are Mrs. Matilda White in Effingham County; Mrs. Cather- ine Moore in Ohio; our subject; Mrs. Celia Ann Coffman in Rice County, Kan.; Mrs. Mary Thomp- son in Ohio; Allen in EUisville Township; and Mrs. Elizabeth Newman in Oregon. The natal (Lay of our subject was November 25, 1821, and his birthplace the farm ne.ar West Union, Adams County, Ohio. He was reared in Scioto County from the age of seven years and in his boy- hood attended subscription and free schools in the old fashioned logschoolhouse with its greased paper windows and home-made furniture. His principal text-book was Webster's Elementary Spelling Book, with which he became so familiar that he can even yet recite many of the lists of words which he studied again and again. He was early set to work oil the farm which lie helped to improve and of which he took chai-ge when quite young. The father died when our subject was ten years old, and his older brother being a cripple, his own share of the home duties was greater than would other- wise have been the case. When twenty- one years old Mr. Edwards began farming for himself, renting the homestead until his marriage, which took place about four years later. He remained in the neighborhood of his old home until li^oO, when he bought land near Rockville on the Ohio River. The land was im- proved and Mr. Edwards operated it until the spring of 1855 when, wishing for more land, he sold and came to the newer State of Illinois. His journe\' was performed on a Iioat to Liverpool, thence by w.agon to EUisville, which he made his home until 1859. He rented land and continued his farm pursuits and after a time bought a place in town. Avon was the most convenient market at that time and "stump-tail" money was in use. The farmers received fourteen cents per bushel for their corn. In 1859 Mr. P^dwards bought eighty acres on sec- tion 18, EUisville Township, and locating there improved the land, grubbing out stumps and other- wise preparing the soil for cultivation. In 1864 he sold that farm and bought two hundred and forty acres on sections 19 and 20, which was valued at $3,000 and for which he went in debt. To this acreage he has since added, his real estate in the township now amounting to about four hundred aercs. It is valuable bottom land, bordering on Spoon River, on which there has never been a fail- ure of crops. It is all improved with two complete sets of farm buddings. Mr. Edwards raises grain and hogs, has some eighteen head of good draft horses on the farm, and feeds cattle and swine ciuite extensively. In 1886 ho gave up farm work and now rents his estate, furnishing stock, etc., and re- ceiving a share of the proceeds. Besides this large estate !\Ir. Edwards owns other property, all of which has been secured through his own efforts, as he started in life at the bottom of the ladder. Mr. Edwards has been twice married. His first union was solemnized March 3, 1846, his bride being Miss Sarah Dodds. This good woman was a daughter of John B. and Anna (Tucker) Dodds, of whom an account is given in the sketch of John W. Dodds on another page in this Aliu'ji. Mrs. Sarah Edwards was born in the Buckeye State and died in this count}' in 1877. She was the mother of six children of whom we note the following: J. Q., owns and operates one hundred and sixty acres of land in Howard County. Neb.; A. G., a gradu- ate of Hedding College, at Abingdon, is now en- gaged in the real estate and insurance business at Omaha, Neb.; Winfield S., a graduate of the com- 880 PORTRAIT A>D lilOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. mercial college at Quincy and a student of Hent, run by horse-power, and the flour sifted through bolting cloth by the old process of a shaker. New corn was grated by a grater and baked in the old-fashioned fireplace, the corncake being often placed on a board. The houseliold utensils comprised skillets, pots, frying-pans and an oven. Meat was abundant in the wuods, deer and wild turkeys being especially plentiful. Mr. Tarter has counted as many as one hundred and twenty deer in one herd on his father's place. The following is taken from the "Fulton County History:" '■ It will be interesting to all our readers to learn of the encounter Mr. Enos Tarter once had with a deer. November 17, 1851, while riding home from a day's threshing with his machine, he discovered a ver}' large deer crossing the road a short distance ahead. He thought that an excellent opportunity for having some fun, and accordingly put spurs to his old horse that worked on the threshing machine, and came up to the deer in the tall grass, and attempted to strike him down with his knife, but it being blunt, he failed in that. Then he took the deer b}' the tail, and at this part of the drama the animal turned and horned the horse, which caused him to make a sudden turn and Mr. Tarter was dragged off. "Now, Mr. Tarter and the nimble deer had a close encounter, both fighting hard for their lives. They had it round and round, Mr. Tarter holding on to his -tail hold,' until they both found them- selves head to heels in the ditch, with Mr. Tarter on top. Ever}- time the deer tried to rise up he pressed his enemy against the overlianging turf, rendering his efforts fruitless. Finally, about 10.30 P. M. he killed the deer, and reached home at 1 1 o'clock with a pair of pants and a peice of a shirt on. He still carries a sore on his iiead from a wound he received by the hoof of the animal in this conflict. The horns of the animal are still on exhibition in the office of the County Treasurer in Lewistown. Mr. Tarter, on anc>tl]er occasion, caught a deer by the fore-leg as i: was jumping over the fence." When near twenty-one years of age Enos Tarter was married to Sarah, daughter of John Iloyle, Sr., one of the old settlers of this county. She is of English ancestry and a n.ative of the Bucke3'e State, whence she came hither during the early years of her girlhood. Like her husband, she was reared amid surroundings which developed the study vir- tues of industry, hosisitality and good-will, and has proved her worth as a wife and mother for many PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 885 years. The family of Mr. and Mrs. Tarter con- sists of nine fliiUlren. one of whom died in infancy. Of those who u'rew to maturity wc note the fol- lowing: Mary married Charles Ranisej', of Ion\a, in which State she resided; wliile on a visit to lier parents she took a congestive chill and died, leav- ing an orphan son and daughter. The boy is with his father in Iowa, and tlie daughter, Lcora, makes her home with the grandparents of whom we write. Abhie is the wife of Hiram Harlow, a carpenter of Denver, Colo., their family consisting of one child; Ida is tiie wife of AVilliam Harlow, also of Denver, a conductor on a railroad; their family includes four children ; Sarah married Albert Hamm, and has four children, her home being on a farm on section 10, Farmers Township; Lavinia, wife of Washington Burgess, a teacher in this county, and formerly Government Clerk in Peoria, has borne one child, now deceased; Lydia and Harry E. still reside under the parental roof. All have been well educated, have made a good start in life and are meeting with satisfactory success in their life's labors. Mr. Tarter belongs to the Democratic party, and has alwaj's taken an active part in political affairs. He has been elected to the otTices of Justice of the Peace, Town Collector, Road Commissioner, and was also Supervisor of the Poor, and a delegate to State Conventions. His service as Road Commis- sioner extended over a period of three years, and he has a(!ted as Justice for a long time. He has likewise been prominenti}' mentioned for Shcriflf. He has made law quite a study, is entitled to prac- tice before a Justice and has many cases to attend to, his practice extending into the surrounding townshijis. His skill in the treatment of cattle and horses is well known, and he is frequently sent for by his neighbors, who have great confidence in him as a veterinary surgeon. He is also very hand}' with tools, having run a sawmill which he started without assistance, one of the difficult matters which he successfully accomplished being that of making a head to the piston rod. He is identified with the Missionary Baptist Church, bears a promi- nent part in tiie work of the society, often speaking in public, delivering sermons, offering eulogies, etc. The farm of Mr. Tarter is covered with Indian arrowheads and other specimens of Aboriginal origin. The three mounds whicti are on the land have beenlfound to contain many articles of pre- historic interest.^ These elevations are now'giving wav to the plow. -5-*-i'^«^=f-i-^ O.SES M. JOHNSON is a middle-aged man who enjoys the esteem of his fellow- citi- * lai zens, esiiecially on account of his strong J advocacy of equal rights to the laborer and tlie capitalist. Through years of careful observa- tion, reading and study, he has come to consider the financial status of the people of the United States from a standpoint of impartiality, and has been led to acknowledge the almost entire helpless- ness of the innocent laborers. He is a leader in the farmers' movement in this county, and havino- begun life under adverse circumstances, and from early manhood having been brought in contact with men of all descriptions, proclivities and tendencies, he is well fitted to lead his fellows on to a higher sphere of thought and a broader outlook. Moses C. Johnson, the father of our subject, was born in Vermont, and came of the old Green Mountain stock. He came to Illinois prior to 1827, and was one of the first to locate in Fulton County. In 1831 he settled on a farm in Fairview Town- ship, being the third permanent settler north of Canton. He served in the Black Hawk War as a scout and patrolman, being an experienced hunter, and an expert shot. He was married in Liverpool Township to Miss Zerilda Willcoxen, a daughter of Capt. Elijah Willcoxen, whose history appears else- where in this Album, and a relative of the renowned Daniel Boone. To this union there were born nine children — Charlotte, Louisa, Mary, Elijah W., Moses Melville, Deborah, Zerilda, America and Orena Ellen — all but three still living. The father died when our subject was but nine years of age, and his mother was married again. Our subject was born in Fairview Township in August, 1840, and remained on the farm until six- teen years of age, at which time he rented a tract of land on shares. He had received a common- 886 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. school education. Wlieii eighteen _yeavs old, in companj- with a party of friends, lie started for Pike's Peak, leaving the Indinn I^'ord near London Mills. April 10. 1859. Thej- fell in with other out- fits, and the company was finally increased until it numbered one hundred adults, and the train con- sisted of twenty-two \vag(tns. At the Big Blue in Kansas some of the company Ijecanie discouraged and returned East, but tiic major portion, after some discussion, decided to continue Westward to tlie Pacific Coast. Reaching the Mormon trail at Ft. Kearney, the3' followed it until the ninth crossing of tlie Sweet- Water, when the^' diverged to the northwest, travel- ing over hundreds of miles without seeing a human habitation until they arrived at Ft. Walla Walla, September 10. Mr. Johnson had but fifteen cents in Ins pocket, and was in debt for the scanty half rations on whicli he had subsisted for weeks. He at once hired out to work by the month on the Government ranch, and subsequently worked in the lumber regions near. About this time E. D. Pierce, the well-known pioneer prospector, conceiving the idea that there were great treasures in the upper country formed a company of twenty-two men, of whom Mr. Johnson was one, and made an expedi- tion. The party traveled one hundred and fifty miles northeast of Walla Walla, crossing the streams in Indian canoes and swimming their hoi'ses. The adventures of this company, together witli the de- scription of the wonderful sceiierv of the country which they traversed, would fill a volume. It is sufiicient for us to refer to it .as the first which formed a mining camp north of California and herefore of great historical importance. The members of the party naturally endured man}' privations, such .as are common to long jour- neys through mountainous regions and far from the haunts of civilization, but notwithstanding this the journey proved most interesting. Mr. John- son was on the spot where Dr. Spanldiug established his first mission in 18o7 and printed the first news- paper in the northern part of the Pacific Slope. Mr. Johnson enjoyed the privilege of conversing with the missionary. The good man planted an orchard of a[)ple trees, which j\lr. Johnson saw in full bloom and which, with the foundation of the stone chimney, were the only things left of the mission after the massacre. In mining and prospecting INIr. Johnson spent four seasons, was then engaged on a ranch three seasons, after which he began freighting, carrying miner's supplies princi[)ally trom the boat landing on t!ie Columbia River to different mining camps in the u[)per country, using pack mules. He had many thrilling exi)eriences with the Indians and narrowly escaped with his life at different times. He looks back upon his experiences in the West with a great deal of interest and satisfaction as a wonderful school of actual happenings. After nine years of life in that country he sailed from Port- land to SanFrancisco where he embarked for Kcw York, via Panama, finally reaching his old home, April 2, 1868. The following December Mr. Johnson was mar- ried to Miss Eliza Jane Downin, daughter of J. S. Downin, whose sketch is given elsewhere in this volume. She was boin in Maryland but came with her parents to Illinois when a child. She is the eld- est daughter in a family of eight children. After their marriage Mr. anl. III., and thence made his w.a^- to EUisville. In connection with Samuel P>hYards, he carried on a farm until the fall, when he re- turned to his own home. lie took charge of the home farm, oiierating it until November, 1856. In the meantime his father and brother had bought their store at P^llisville, and he returned thither to clerk for them. On the breaking out of the Civil War, young Dodds was not content to pursue his peacefvd call- ing .vhilc strong right arnis were needed in his country's defense. In August, 1861, therefore, he enlisted as a private in the Forty-seventh Illinois Infantr3-, and was mustered in at Peoria. When Company A was organized he was elected Second Lieutenant, receiving his commission August 26. The command was sent South to Benton Barracks, St. Louis, and then to Jefferson Citj-, iMo. Thence thev went to Booneville, subsequently taking part in the engagements at New Madrid, Tiptonville, Point Pleasant and Farniington, Tenn. After the latter engagement Mr. Dodds was commissioned First Lieutenant by reason of a vacancy. In the well-known contests at Corinth and luka he bore a gallant part, as he did in the various campaign duties which intervened between the engagements noted. His health became so impaired that he was obligetl to stay in his quarters, and at last to re- sign, receiving an honorable discharge in July, 1862. When he could no longer serve his country on the tented field, Mr. Dodds bought the stock of goods of his father and became a merchant. He carried on a general store in Kllisville until 1865, then removed to Prairie City, McDonough County, and was similarly occupied there some five years. Returning to F.Uisville. he tlien built a store build- ing and dealt in general merchandise and drugs until 1887. His failing health warning him to abandon his indoor life, he then disposed of his stock to Norris & Weaver and located on the farm wliich he had purchased in 1883. The farm- house is a large, comfortable dwelling and the other buildings quite in keeping with it, the barns being 50x50 feet and well built. Jlr. Dodds raises iiigli grades of Short-horn and Hereford cattle, full-blooded hogs of good breed and graded horses of good quality. In Knoxville, iu 1863, Mr. Dodds was united in marriage with Miss Susan B. Hollister, with whom he lived happily until Irll ;?, 1853, his com- panion on this occasion being Miss Jane McNeil, a native of Lewistown and a daughter of one of the hardy pioneers of this county. Her father was John McNeil, a native of Hillsboro,N. H., who removed with his parents to Indiana, where he was married when about twenty-one years old to Sarah, daughter of Jacob and Margaret (Smith) Young- man, pioneers of the Hoosier vState. Mr. McNeil after locating in this eountj' followed his trade of a carpenter in Lewistown, finall)' oiiening a eabiiitt shop which he operated some 3'ears, but eventually buying a farm north of town and turning his at- tention to agriculture. He died on his estate in Feb- ruary, 1867. He wa.; originally a Whig and later a Republican in politics, and he and his wife belonged to the Methodist E|)iseopal Church. The parents of John McNeil were Daniel and Martha (Parker) McNeil, the father being a farmer in his native New England many years. After spending some time in Indiana he finally became a pioneer of this county, locating near Astoria where he continued his agricultural labors for a long period. His death took place at the home of his son in Lewistovvn. His wife was born in London- deny, N. H., being a daughter of Alexander and Nancy (Dickey) Parker, the latter of whom was the daughter of Willliim and Elizabeth Dickey, who settled in Londonderry Inimcdiatcly after tlieir 898 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. emigration in 1725. Mrs. Daniel McNeil died on tlie farm near Astoria wiien full of j-ears. Our subject and his present wife have ten chil- dren: Reuben now lives in Lewistown Townsliip, established in a home of his own; Eliza is the wife of Frank Lee, her lioine beiiii^ in the same town- ship; Annie, John, Charlie, Jacob, Nellie, Frank and two who died in infancy complete the family circle. iSIr. Bearce was formerly' a Whig but has been a Republican since the formation of the part\'. He is a member of Lewistown Lodge, No. 104, F. & A. M. Ho is a believer in the doctrine of univer- sal salvation. BIOGFJfl^rjKgflli. o ■ :=^ -m-^ ^=: -o- Abbott, Daniel fil9 Abbott, John 7(i7 Abernathy. A 42)» Ackerson, J. G 2nA Adams, John 23 Adams, John Q 39 Addis, S. P 877 Alcott.C. 1 81« Alden,C.S 6iM Alden, John H ,'jli) Ahvard, Benjamin 1G7 Arthur, Chester A 99 Ashby , J. W 558 Aten, William 276 Athearn.J. T 603 Ault.L. B 417 Azbell, Harrison 336 B Babcock, William H Il.'i9 Barker, W. F 416 Barnard, T. F., M. U 450 Barrick, J. L 445 Baxter, A. J., M. D 466 Baylor, J. B.... 390 Beadles, Nathan 621 Bearce, Orson S96 Beaty , Alonzo G 756 Beebe, Martin 265 Beeson, D , 241 Bennett, Robert 749 Berry, John 433 Berry, Thomas 285 Beveridfre, John 171 Bishop, Cyrus H 802 Bissell, William H 151 Bogue, Robert 592 Bogue, Stephen 643 Bohannon,R. K 373 Boltou, H. C 600 Bond. Shadrach Ill Booe, Dr. J. E 683 Bordner, Mrs. Lneinda 637 Bordner, Moses 853 Boswell, David ,3!I4 Bottenberg Josephus 638 Bowen, John W 687 Bowers, King D 509 Bowton, ( >live A 475 Boyd, William 199 Boyer, O. J 2.50 Brebner, William 306 Breeden, J. H., M. D 448 Breeden, L. C 337 Brimmer, Jacob 251 Brock, Henry C 801 Brock, Phillip 865 Brown, CD 469 Brown, Francis R 270 Brown, Jacob 275 Brown, J. H. C 794 Brown, W. W :^i Buchanan, James 75 Bull, Peter 823 Burgess, Rev. William 301 Burnett, George 222 Burnett, James 665 Burrows, Moses 697 Butler, F. A 400 Butler, C. B 727 Caldwell, William 804 CaniDbell, Sanmel 815 Camron, Thomas O 485 Cannon, John 004 Carlin, Thomas 135 Carper, yamuel .594 Carver, Oscar M 792 Catherman, D 540 Cattron, Hezekiah 260 Chapin, John L 419 Christian, Peter 565 Churchill, C. B 228 Churchill, Charles B 619 Churchill, L.H 015 Clark, Emerson 289 Clark, William R. 479 Clary, Franklin 4.59 Clayton, C. L .591 Cleveland, Grover S 103 ClifTord, M. L 766 Cline, Hon. W. N., M. D 213 C'oe, H. F., M. D .595 Coles, Edward 115 Cone, George W 508 Cone, Henr.v 313 Cone, Spencer .555 Conway, George W 679 Cook, James !\I 603 Cook, Thomas .310 Cooper, George C 753 Cooper, Rev. M. T 493 Cooper, Thomas 424 Cooper, William S 329 Cosier. Jacob 575 Cozine, Geortre 660 Cozine, W. H 366 Crick, Peter 489 Cullom, Shelby M 175 Cummiugs, Hon. S. P 714 Curfman, G. W 3U Custer, P. Y 483 D Daily, Peter 524 Danner. Jacob 760 Darland,J. H 674 Darland. Morrison 271 Darling, Jacob 368 Davidson, W. T 245 Davis, C. C 776 Davis, Noah .631 Deems. Thomas 308 DeFord, Joseph 463 DeMorris, H. C, M. D 793 Dickson, William 85t Diehl,L. H 612 Dikeman, S. E 754 Dobson, George W 486 Dobbs. John \y jj.n Donnelly, L. M..... uj^ Douglass, John 1541) Downin, J. S 747 Drake, S. A [^ Duncan, Joseph 131 Durell, George L 389 Dyckes, W. J 'j<27 E Edmonson, Charles B U)4 Edwards, Allen 430 Edwards, Ninian uy Edwards, Samuel 878 Etlland, John 440 EIHand, Justus 572 Ehrenhart, C. C 226 Elder, John J 4,53 Ellis. James 721 Ellis, Newton 59() Ellis, William W 044 Elrod, Ira F J44 Emory, Augustus 867 Engle, T. C 297 Erb, John W 702 Eveland, G. H 613 Ewing, William L. D 127 F Fackler, Samuel 31.5 Failing, David s.50 Farnsworth, Tj. B 410 Filer, Joseph W 183 Filhngham, J. F .557 Fillmore, Millard 67 Fisher, Frank M 548 Fisher, John 3!M Fisher, J. W ....784 Fisher, W. T 828 Fleming, T.H.,M.D 437 Fluke, Calvin R 646 Ford, Thomas 139 INDKX. Foshay , Daniel 545 Foutch , John 295 Fonts, George :{4(i Frederick, James W 3!)8 Freeman, William A 609 French. Angiistus C 143 Fuhrman. C. H 628 Fulton. Thonius K 520 G Gaddis, John W 7C-1 Gallagher, P. W. 542 Gamble, JI. T., M. D 377 Gardiner, Hon. J. H 8ii2 Gardner. James .^Hi Garfield, James A 9.^ Gearhart , W. A 395 Gearhart, W. 1 743 Geigley, J. S., M. D .Ml Gentle, T. S 701 Gentle. W. T •220 Giberson. John W fiSl Gilmore, C. V j>17 Goshen, Lsaac J 393 Gould, R. E 507- Graham, I. J 335 Graham, Jotin W 232 Grant , Ul.vsses S 87 Green, George 518 Green, John S 361 Green. Porter J :562 Griffith, R. E 52G Griggs, Franklin 639 Griggs, James 227 Gustine, H. B 758 H Haftner, W. F 6,57 Hall. Riindolph 307 Hamblin, T. F 748 Hamer, Col. Thomas 235 Hamilton, John M 179 Hand, Mrs. Jane Campbell .. 6.55 Harben.Eev.T. B 596 Harden, Jerome 606 Harden, William, Sr 546 Hardin, John S 435 Harlan, A.J 398 Harlan, Milo 358 Harris, Isaac 255 Harris, John L 406 Harris, J. v., M. D 225 Harrison , Benjamin 107 Harrison, F. M 834 Harrison, William Henry 51 Harrod, A. H 871 Hathaway, Gilbert 238 Havermale.Rev. M. F. 746 Hayes, Rutherford B 91 Head, Madison 7.39 Heller, Daniel 821 Heller, John H 838 Hemenover George 737 Henienover, W. H 8.57 Hensley, J. P 504 Herbert, J. M 795 Herring, Maj. J. R 724 Hetrick, George B 249 He.vlin, Jesse 227 lliggins, Daniel M 493 Higbie, Morrell 503 Hill. W. A 811 Hillpot, Hugh F ill Hintlerliter, William 708 Hinkle.S. R... 710 Hobbs.G.^V 265 Hollister, Munson <>25 Hornstein, John G 707 Horton, Andrew J 299 Horton, George W T.^ Howard, A. R.. 51. D 520 Howard, Charles 337 Howat. W. W ,S22 Hoxworth, Charles F 609 Hnllord, M. F 334 Hnghbanks, Alfred 534 Hughes, Rev. D. E 666 Hulick, Blathias '. 414 Hull, Alexander 191 Hunt, Hiram 127 Irons, Rev. E. W. ..&I8 Jackson, Andrew S3 Jacobs, B 217 Jedersou, Thomas 27 Johnson , Andrew 83 Johnson, Charles E .505 Johnson, John H 473 Johnson , Jloses M 885 Johnson , Rev. John W 527 Johnson, W. D 193 Jones, Fauntleroy 6;13 Jones, Lewis L 288 Jones, Simeon . . .' 419 K Keefauver, George 4!H) Keelmg, A 365 Keeii ng, Haden 798 Kelly, S. A .*...... ..484 Kessler, W. E 671 Ketcham, Josiah 562 Ketcham, W. H .526 Kidder, Alvan 783 Kinger.v, John 715 Kline, G, H )40 Knowles, Jfoah R .202 Krischke, Joseph 296 Kuykendall. Ira A 476 Lacej', John 763 Lalicker, George 446 Langstou, J. M ,528 Lathbury , John 561 Leaman, A. B ■'26 Lee, John S :J.53 Leeper, Henry -158 Leeper, Isaac N 765 Leeper, J. A 872 Libby, Cyrus 858 Lincoln, Abraham 79 Lindze.v, G. E 551 Linebaugh, J. W 847 Lingenfelter. Aaron 318 Lingenfelter, Matthias 443 Little. George W 399 Littlejohn, David S 693 Loirk Henry 740 Logan, Jolui A. M. D 667 Lowe, W, H 728 Lukor. Charles a89 Lunian, William S 626 Luper, David 589 M Madison, James 31 Manning. Elijah -(68 Ma n rose, Sarah A 439 MaranviUe, Alexander 576 Mariner, Floj-d E 401 Markley , Conrad 320 Martin, Charles H 699 ' Martin, William B., M. D. . . .791 Marvel, S. C 716 Mason , M. B 363 Mathes, Rev. A. R 423 Matteson, Joel A 147 Maus, J. P 231 McCall, James H 207 McCombs, A. J 546 McCracken, William 388 McCreary, Nicholas 331 McElroy , T. J 582 McKinney , NewTnan 787 McLaren, R. F 408 McLaren, William 499 McMahon, J. T 440 McMillan, G. M 770 Meehan, Patrick 572 Meek, W. W 668 Mellor, William 267 Merrill, Heiirj- 755 Merrill, H.S... (Hl Mcrshon, Henrv 110 Merritt, H. F 807 Messier, George ■92 Miles, William P 785 Millard, R.J 880 Miller, Daniel L 803 Mitchell, Joseph 614 Mitchell, Matthew .3.57 Mitchell, Sarah IMI Monroe, James :i,5 Montgomery, George K 722 Moore, John W' 7jio Moore. A. C 868 Moore, J. C 282 Moran, M. R 534 Morgan, Jonas 571 Morgan, J. C 709 Morton. F. A 407 Motsinger, Henry 649 Mowei-y, M. T 525 Mummert, C 4ss Mummey , Charles W .535 Myers, David CjoB Myers, Henry :y.i Myers, J. C :J47 > Nay lor. David 5:10 Negly, Joseph B .581 Nelson, James 3(57 Nelson , Thomas 620 Neville, Dennis rai Newell, J. W 73:j Oglesby, Richard J I(i3 Olds, J.N 741 Onion , James M 805 Orwig, James (iol Overton, C. E 487 Palmer, John M 167 Parlin, William 219 Parry, E. J 529 l^arry, L 837 Parry, William 465 Patterson, Joel B 842 Payne, Thomas 403 Pettyjohn, O. J .109 Phelps, Charles S 293 Phillips, D. A 338 Pierce, Franklin 7! Piper, Abner 832 Pitt, Fred G 201 Polhemus, John 256 Polk, James K 59 Pollock, Jesse 372 Porter, John G 298 Porter. Samuel 806 Potts, L. W 833 Prall, George 539 INDEX. Preston, Hiram 566 Prichartl , Kobert 74-1 Prickett. Isaiah "Jll Prickett, Jacob 677 Pumyea , Peter 807 Pumyea, Theodore S43 Putman, M. V :(71 R Ralferty . M. W 812 Kaiulolph, Isaac F. 3iS Raiulolph, J. F ;i26 Ramlolph , Lewis F S17 Kaiidolpli, W.V im Ranch. Lewis 568 Rawalt . Knoch 330 Rawalt, Milton 550 Ray, D.S.,Jr 768 Ray,G. W 663 Reihin, Philip 780 Reynolds, John 123 Rice, Amory 415 Rice, G. F 602 Robhins, J. F 104 Robertson, William T .584 Robison, Dr. L. A 713 Rock, Andrew 332 Rohrer, Benjamin 777 Rohrer , H. D 731 Rohrer, John H 728 Roller. George B 470 Rose, J. L .503 Rose, William 533 Rosin , James W .570 Ro.ss, Hon. Lewis W 770 Rowlandson , Mi's. Mary 7.58 Ruble, Jesse L 871 Russell, Martin 261 SaH,sbury, O. T 778 Sanders, Rev. C. W 726 Saunders, E. E 327 Saunders, R. A., M. D 477 Schafer, Lewis , 291 Schleich, Peter 599 Schrodt, J. W 732 Schrodt, Philip 6,93 Scudder, I. T 221 Seaton, George W 230 Sebree.H. W +70 Shaw.W. H 62S Shawver. Jacob 354 Shelly, Samuel H ;!84 Shepley, A.J 615 Sherman. Enoch 616 Shipp.D. M 323 Shipton, J. R 6fl0 Shope,S. P 801 Shumaker, George C 364 Simpson, J. F 611 Slack, Alexander 342 Slocum, L. i) 530 Small, P. B 776 Smith, Col. A. B. , 105 Smith, Capt. C. A 60S Smith, Capt. John S 215 Sm ith , Charles 605 Smith. Charles M 500 Smith. F. G 218 Smith, P. H 461 Smith, M. W 583 Smith, William 757 Smith, William C. .■ 703 Smith, William H 513 Smith. William H 701 Sparks, J. C loi; Spencer, E. V 8U Spry, John 632 Stafford, Charles Ci 460 Stanley , Charles H 702 Stephens , Wi lliam 687 Stetson. J. S 105 Stevenson, E. B 8.50 Stewart, J. M .567 Stockdale, James 252 Strode, W. S., M. D 658 Strong, Jesse W 237 Strong, O. G., M. D .303 Strouse, Solomon 461 Swartz, W. G 343 Swegle, C. R 768 Swegle, I. L 768 Swegle, M. B .87-1 Sweney , M. K 407 Swigart, John 405 Switzer, C. W 438 Switzer, G, H 491 Switzer, J. T 424 T Talbott. D. D., M. T) 497 Tankcsley, M. L ..375 Tarter, Enos 883 Tate, A. K 316 Taylor, Benjamin, M. 1) 3.^3 Taylor, Joseph 547 Taylor, Samuel 890 Taylor, Zachary 63 Thomas, A. B .8.55 Thompson, Alledge 643 Thompson, D. B 281 Thompson, Enoch 317 Thornton, S. Y 725 Timmons, A 107 Toller, B. C, M. D 455 Toler, William T.. M. D 32-t Torrance, W. C .825 Travers, T. H 796 Tucker, J. M 750 Tucker, W. H 860 Tuite, Rev. John 678 Turl, William 750 Turner, B. F 584 Turner. L. M 831 Turner, T. W ....610 Tyler, John 55 Tyler, John W 682 Van Biiren, JMartiii 47 Vandevandcr, William 684 Vandcventer, L. R 769 Van Sickle, Moses 374 Vittum, Natliaiiiel 250 w Walker.J. G 569 Walters, Hiram 457 Walters, John A 428 Warner, Samuel 550 Washington, Geurf^'e 19 Watson, A. S 86(i Watson, J.M .500 Waughtel, M. M 200 Weaver, H.I 206 Weaver, Joshua 386 Weaver, W. R ,577 Weese, Thomas 363 Welch, J. K., M. U 229 White, J.ames M :W1 Whitehead, E. E 2,57 Whitenack, T. 240 Whitmore, Jacob R 868 Widney , Re v. A. H 500 Weirather, F 489 Wiesner, Edward F 480 WilUroxen, Samuel 198 Willco.xen, J. F 8:i5 Willcoxen, M. N 418 Willcoxen, R. P .389 Williams, F. M 279 WilHams, I. N 355 Wilson, Edward 622 Wilson,H. L., M. D. 601 Wilson, H. M. B 770 Wilson, J.M 431 Wilson, Thomas W 3.52 Wilson, William, M. D 3.56 Witchell, I.B 287 Wolf, J.N 437 Wolf.J.P :i-9 Wood. John 155 j Wood.S.P 523 Woodru ff, George 672 I Worley. I. C :f-55 Wortnuiii, A. M., M. D 813 Y Yates, Richard 1.50 Yerion, J. R .501 Y'oung, Thomas L 463, Zwisler, Joseph 425 -» >« • < * Adams, John 22 Ackuiis, John Q 38 Arthur, Cliester A 98 Beebe, Martin 2fi4 Berry , Thomas ■ 284 Beveridge, John L 170 Bissell, William H 150 Boiui, yhadrach 110 Bordner, Jonathan 636 tJordner, Moses 852 Bowen, John W BSG Brock, Henry C 800 Brock, Phillip 8(i2 Brock, Mrs. Phillip S63 Brown, Jacob 274 Brown, W. W 350 Buchanan, James 7-t Burrows, Moses 0!)6 Oarlin, Thomas 134 Churchill, Charles B 618 Cleveland, Grover S. : 102 Coles, Edward lU Cone, Henry 312 Cone, Spencer .554 Cooper, (ieor^e C 752 Cosier, Jacob 571 Cullom, Shelby M 171 Custer, P. Y 482 Davidson, W. T 244 Davis, Noah 630 Duncan,_ Joseph 130 Edwards, Ninian 1 18 Elder. John J 452 Ellis, James 718 Ellis. Mrs. Armon 718 Ewing-, William L. D 126 Filer, Joseph W 182 Fillmore, Millard W, Ford, Thomas 138 Foshay , Daniel 544 French, Augustus C 142 Garfleld,J. A 94 Gearhart, W. 1 742 Goshen, I. J 392 Grant, U. S 86 Green , John S 360 Hamer, Col. Thomas 234 Hamilton, John M 178 Hand, Jacob ....653 Hand, Jane C 652 Harris, Isaac 254 Harris, Dr. J. V 224 Harrison, Benjamin 106 Harrison, W. H 50 Harrod, Allen H 870 Ha.\es, R. B 90 Helier, Daniel 820 Hemenover, George 736 Higbie, Morrell ,502 Hill, William A 810 Hollister, Munson 624 Hornstein, John G 706 Hull, Dr. Alex 190 J,aekson, Andrew 42 Jetlerson, Thomas 26 Johnson, Andrew 82 Johnson, J. H 472 Kessler, William E 670 Kidder, Alvan 782 Lacey, John 762 Lincoln, Abraham 78 Liuebaugh, J. W 846 Lingenfelter, Matthias. ; 442 Luker. Charles 888 Luper, Lois 586 Luper, Mrs. David 587 Madison, James 30 Mathes, Rev. A. E 422 Matteson , Joel A 146 McCall, James H 205 McCall, Mrs. Louisa 204 Myers, Henry 380 Myers, Mrs. Maria 381 Monroe, James M Negly, Joseph B 580 Oglesby , Richard J 162 Palmer, John M 167 Payne, Thomas 402 Pierce, Franklin 70 Polk, J. K 58 Prall, George 538 Pri ckett , Jacob 676 Putman, Harrison 370 Reynolds, John 122 Rose, William 532 Schleich, Peter 598 Shipp, D. M m2 Smith, William H 512 Spencer, E. V 840 Strong, Dr. O. G 302 Tarter, Enos 882 Taylor, Zachary 62 Thompson, Alledge 042 Tyler, John 54 Van Buren, Martin 46 "Washington, George IS White, James M 340 Wood , John 1.54 Yates, Richard 1,58 Addis, S.T 875 Berry, John 431 Brock, Bros 771 Burnett, James 663 Edwards, Allen 431 Farnswortli, L. B. 411 Fisher, Bros 829 Fulton, Thomas K 521 Hartlen, .Tames 607 Higgins,D. M 491 Howard, Dr. A. R 521 Hoxwortli & Son 007 Keef auver, George 491 Ketcham , .Josiah 563 Lowe, W. H 729 McMillan, O. M 771 Ray,G. W Ri8 Rohrer, John H 729 Stafford. Charles G 461 Swegle, M. B 875 Turner, L, M 829