THEN L I B RAHY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS 977-31 B98c ILL HIST. SURVEY CHICAGO THEN AND NOW ♦ Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2012 with funding from University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign http://archive.org/details/chicagothennowpiOObutt CHICAGO THEN AND NOW A Pictorial History of the City's Development and a Reprint of the First City Directory Published in Chicago in 1844 by J. W. Norris Compiled and Written by ERNEST BUTT FINCH 6- McCULLOUCH PUBLISHERS CHICAGO ♦ AURORA Copyrighted in 1933 by William Leslie McCullouch Printed in U.S.A. ^ ■ 3' 3U )U to those pioneer Chicagoans 'whose names are listed in the first Chicago City Directory, who knew Chicago "then", and contributed so mightily to its development . . . to their descen- dants who remain here as proud of the city as their forebears and con- tinue to assist its growth . . . to the three millions and more who so pride- fully call Chicago "home" as they know it "now" and form the nucleus of a world metropolis . . . and to the millions of visitors who this year will visit the city and glimpse the manifold wonders of A Century of Progress — THIS BOOK IS DEDICATED FOREWORD The original concept of this book was the simple repro- duction of a relic, Chicago's first City Directory, published in 1844. As now constituted it contains that reproduction, with each individual page of the rare old work photograph- ed and reprinted in its original form: listing of the City's "first families", display of the quaint advertisements and "cards", and the "Description and Historical Sketch" writ- ten in 1843 by the keenest commentator of those early times, Editor J. W. Norris. As the work progressed it was deemed fitting to enlarge its scope, to bring to home folks and visitors alike the why- fore of the motive power responsible for the tremendous growth Chicago has experienced since Editor Norris laid down his pen. This has, we hope, been done — not neces- sarily by chronologically recording dates and names and places and things, but by means of a brief, sometimes humor- ous, revelation of the "I Will" spirit that alone has made the magnificent city of Chicago what it is today: the crucible of A Century of Progress. If the reproduction of that "General Directory and Business Advertiser" of 1844 and the attempt to link its period with that of today gives you a pleasant hour or two ... if it arouses in you an appreciation of Chicago's "I Will" spirit ... if it bids you pause a moment or two to consider the laughter and tears put into the welding of a great metropolis — then the publication of this volume is more than justified. The Publishers I, Wm. B. Ogden Chicago's First Mayor MAYORS OF CHICAGO ELECTED Wm. B. Ogden 1837 Buckner S. Morris 1838 Benj. W. Raymond 1839 Alexander Lloyd 1840 Francis C. Sherman 1841 Benj. W. Raymond 1842 Augustus Garrett 1843 Alson S. Sherman 1844 Augustus Garrett 1845 John P. Chapin 1846 Jas. Curtiss 1847 J. H. Woodworth 1848 J. H. Woodworth 1849 Jas. Curtiss 1850 Walter S. Gurnee 1851 "Walter S. Gurnee 1852 Chas. M. Gray 1853 Isaac L. Milliken 1854 Levi D. Boone 1855 Thos. Dyer 1856 John Wentworth 1857 John C. Haines 1858 John C. Haines 185 9 John Wentworth 1860 Julian S. Rumsey 1861 Francis C. Sherman 1862 Francis C. Sherman 1863 John B. Rice 1865 John B. Rice 1867 ELECTED Roswell B. Mason 1869 Jos. Medill 1871 Harvey D. Colvin 1873 Thos. Hoyne 1875 Monroe Heath 1876 Monroe Heath 1877 Carter Harrison, Sr 1879 Carter Harrison, Sr 1881 Carter Harrison, Sr 1883 Carter Harrison, Sr 1885 John A. Roche 1887 DeWitt Cregier 1889 Hempstead Washburne ...1891 Carter Harrison, Sr 1893 John P. Hopkins 1893 George B. Swift 1895 Carter Harrison, Jr 1897 Carter Harrison, Jr 1899 Carter Harrison, Jr 1901 Carter Harrison, Jr 1903 Edward F. Dunne 1905 Fred A. Busse 1907 Carter Harrison, Jr 1911 Wm. H. Thompson 1915 Wm. H. Thompson 1919 Wm. E. Dever 1923 Wm. H. Thompson 1927 Anton J. Cermak 1931 Edward J. Kelly 1933 One-year terms prevailed from. 1837 to 1862, two-year terms from 1863 to 1905, and four-year terms from 1907 to the present. The Honorable Edward J. Kelly Fifty-eighth Mayor of Chicago When this map was made in 1830 only a few dozen people lived in log cabins scattered along the river. At that time the actual town limits (indicated by shaded area) were State street on the east, Desplaines street on the west, Kinzie street on the north, and Madison street on the south — an area of about three-eighths of a mile. A few months after incorporation people came pouring into the new town in such numbers to secure home and business sites that it became necessary to extend the limits to the Lake on the east (except Fort Dearborn, which did not become part of the city until 1839), Halsted on the west, Twelfth street on the south, and Chicago avenue on the north — an area of nearly three square miles. Altogether the Town and City have been extended forty- two times within the last hundred years, until today the area of the City approximates two hundred and eleven square miles. It includes, really, seventy-five cities, towns, and villages in one. Seven of the cities annexed now have in their original area more than 100,000 residents each — larger than many important cities in the United States. CHICAGO'S FIRST CITY DIRECTORY NORMS' CHICAGO DIRECTORY, H. O. STONE, 114 LAKE STREET, CHICAGO, ILL. Wholesale and Retail Dealer in DRY HUB & GROCERIES ps. Fulled Cloth: ass'd colors, bales Sheeting, Wicks Ac Twine, ps. Broadcloths, ass'd colors, cs. Hard Times, 20 ps. Casim'rs, cs. Prints, 1000 lbs. Cot. Yarn, ps. Flannels, ass'dcolors, ••' Ky. Jeans, cs. Boots & Shoes. ps.M'slin de Ltinnetica 1 Chusnns, H colored oss'd string Silks, 600 ps. seasonable Ribbons end ar* tificial Flowers. Tuscan, silk and velvet Bonnets, 100 kegs Nails. Sash, Glass & Putty, 50 bbls. dried Peaches and Apples, A full cargo of Wooden Ware, 100 cheats, 4 chests dc catties of Tea, 100 baps Coffee, 10 bhds & 30 bbls Sug. & Molasses, Afull ass'ment of Family Groceries, He that would thrive, must either hold or drive. Call and see* No charge for showing Goods at 114 Lake St STORAGE ON SOUTH WATER ST. CASH ADVANCES MADE ON PRODUCE LEFT IN STORE. CABH PAID AT ALL TIMES FOR WHEAT AND FLOUR. The postage on this Periodical under 100 mites 7£ cents, over 100 miles and out of the Stale 12J cents. 1844, ADVERTISING DIRECTORY. EGAN'S SARSAPARILLA PANACEA, Sold at the CITY DRUG STORE, NO. 76 LAKE STREET, CHICAGO, There are, in the hands of Dr. EGAN, private letters from our most respectable citizens containing accounts of some astonishing cures from the use of this Article, which can be seen at his Office. We call the attention of the public to the advertisement, which we commence this week, of Doctor Egan's Sarsa- parilla Panacea. Being ourself a medical man, we may be permitted to say that we are acquainted with Dr. Egan. and know him to be a man of science and of high stand- ing in his profession. We take him to be above quackery, and are confident he would not, if he could, palm a useless nostrum upon the public, for the sake of paltry gain. The Sarsaparilla has long been celebrated for its resto- rative and renovating effects in chronic disease, and there is no doubt that Doctor Egan has succeeded in giving a more effective and successful combination than it has be- fore received. We believe it worthy of confidence, and recommend its trial by the afflicted St. Charles Patriot. Job, Janes * ® 0ok Utork, Executed with neatness and despatch at the BLANKS, Of all kinds, constantly on hand. NEW YORK L NEW ORLEANS CARDS. GEORGE H. HUTCHINS & CO. Wholesale Grocers COMMISSION MERCHANTS, No. 194, Front Street, NEW-YORK. •. B. HDTCHIfTS. R. G. HUTCHINS. J. R. MO LOUT COOKE, ANTHONY, & MAHONY, WHOLESALE DEALERS I* $> Si T ^> 4& 5$> Noo. 193, Pearl, 4% T6, Beaver Streets, Corner of Hanover Square, & Exchange Place, NOW YORK. E. A!»THO*T. FLORENCE MAHONT. C LEWIS COOKE. A large assortment of Domestic and Foreign Goodt BOWEN & McNAMEE, ITALIAN, FRENCH AND INDIA SILK GOODS, 16 WILLIAM STREET, CORNER OF BEAVER. NEW YORK. HEKRY C BOWEIt. THEODORE MCffAMXC NEW TORR AND NEW ORLEANS CARDS. EDWARD CORNING & CO. IMPORTERS OF HARDWARE AND CUTLERY, No. 10, OLD SLIP, NEW YORK. EDWARD CORNING. D. AUSTIN. O^r 3 Goods at Cash Prices. UNITED STATES HOTEL., CORNER OF PEARL, FULTON, & WATER STS. NEW-YORK. THIS well known extensive establishment has now gone through a thorough repair, been repainted and refurnished, with many important alterations and improvements, for the safety, comfort, and convenience, of its guests. We feel confident in placing }i before the traveling Public as not being surpassed by any other House in the country. Its Location. is central for business men, its Rooms Jarge and dry, the Waiters attentive, the Tables supplied with the I" m our Market affords, and we pledge ourselves to leave nothing undone, on our part, to merit a continuance of the liberal patronage already so bountifully bestowed upon us. BUAISTED & JOHNSON, Proprietors. ElKiELL & MULFORD, , COMMISSION & FORWARDING MERCHANTS, No. 42, ORAVIER STREET, NEW ORLEANS. S. M. KPG K.I.I. . J. M. MULKORD. r- The following rtnj mo its earlv history, and the incidents connected with its rise and process, which considerations of interest, if nothing else, impel us to embrace every suitable opportunity to gratify- It is believed, that heretofore the sources of information have been altogether inadequate to accomplish tins purpose. While tbe most strenuous exertions bave been made, in otber places, by misrepresentation and downright falsehood, in regard to our circumstances and condition, to induce emigration to stop short or to pass by us, and to divert capital and enterprise into otber and foreign channels; very little or nothing has been done on our part, to remedy the evil, and disabuse the public mind abroad, of the false impres- sions thus engendered. Relying upon the reality which the experience of every day prrsents to us, of our condition — upon what we know ourselves, of the never failing sources of our prosperity, we have been comparatively indifferent in regard to die opinion of others, and blind to the effect of that opinion upon our own interest. The ignorance prevailing at the Fast, even in those cities with which we have the most intimate commercial relations, in regard to the size, business, and resoures of Chicago, has been a matter of surprise to all whose attention ha« been called to the fact. The present i« a mo«t important juncture in our affairs. Our prospects ore brightening — our harbor is nearly completed — the work on our canal shortly to be resumed — the credit of our state daily improving — and the finances of our City in a most flourishing condition. Our citizens will, we hope, for- ever be exempt from the burden* of heavy taxation. Never were the in- ducements to emigrate and diminishing, and will be less felt here- after. Our citizens are becoming sensible of the importance of fixed habi- tations, and places ol business — and will speedily take measures to secure to themselves the bt-mfits and advantages to be derived therefrom. This, to a considerable extent, Ii:h been effected I he present season. Neurit three-fourths of our population will hereafter, at lo;ist for many years, he permanently located. Hoping that the book may be made in tunny ways to sulnrrve a useful purpo-e. and prove the means of nd\ nucing. to some extent, the iiit«.n >tof our young but nourishing City, it is most respectfully submitted in the public. Our citizens have always been characterised for their liberalitv ;md public spirit. They will not. in this instance, forfeit their chum* in this distinction, but will generously, and cheerfully lend their aid and co-operation, to sustain an undertaking, designed to promote and advance the interests of the whole.. To tho-.' gentlemen who ha\P encouraged the work, both a < subscribers and advertisers, and those who have afforded infortunium, and contributed their advice in furtherance of the design of the publication, the author would, in conclusion, tender his most sincere thanks. Chicago, December I, 1843. DESCRIPTION HISTORICAL SKETCH. CHICAGO, Cook County, Illinois, is situated on the South- western shore of Lake Michigan, at the head of Lake navigation, in lnt . 41 deg., 45 sec., North, and long. 10 deg., 4.3 sec. West. The site of the City occupies a level prairie, on both sides of the main stream, and the North and South Branches of Chicago River, and covers an area of about three and a half miles in length. North and South, and two and a half In breadth, East and West, about a mile and a half square of which is already regularly built upon, and the streets opened and graded. The streets are regularly laid out, pa- rallel and at right angles to the Lake, and are wide and spacious. There are several extensive blocks of brick buildings, principally occupied as business houses and public offices, three and a half and four stories in height. The dwellings' are principally of wood, many of tliein. however, very fine specimens of correct architecture. The portion of the City extending several miles along the shore of the Like, i« sandy, and consequently at all seasons, dry. The por- tion rem >ved from the Lake partakes of the character of all level prairie, being in the spring and fill wet and muddy. The site of the City being a plain, docs not alforij, either from the L;rkc or the sur- rounding country, a very interesting field of vision. Chicago River and its brioches, which run through the heart of the City, and ad- mit at all seasons, vessels of every class navigating the Lake, some distance into the interior, afford peculiar facilities for a harbor, and give to Chicago advantages, in £ commercial point of view, unsur- passed by any City in the West. The Illinois and Michigan Canal, which is shortly to be completed, will add greatly to the natural ad- vantages of Chicago, making it M }>riucipal point, and necessarily a place of transhipment on the great Northern route connecting the Atlantic States with the valley of the Mississippi. The City is bounded on the South and West by a prairie, varying from ten to twelve miles in widd of its history. What the destiny of Chicago is to be, tho future can alone deter- mine. Judging by the past; it seems dime nit to assign a limit to its advancement. It presents, undoubtedly, one of the most remark- able instances of sudden rise to commercial importance, to be found in our age. So rapid, indeed, has been its growth — with such gigantic strides has it moved onward in its career, that little sfiaee is left to mark and calculate the successive stages of its progress. We behold it, from a distant and isolated colony, inhabited only by some five or six families clinging to a lone and solitary military post for protection, and dependent for subsistence upon the uncer- tain arrival of some chance vessel from Mackinaw, in the short space of eight or ten years, become a mighty City, teeming with a busy and enterprising population, the centre of a widely extended and flourishing commerce. To those who have been here from the be- ginning, and there are many among us, the change must be strik- ing — the contrast between what is, and what was — great indeed. History, in this instance, has assumed the air of romance. Truly has a change come over the spirit of our dream. It seems diffi- cult to reconcile to the mind, that the spot now covered with stately blocks of buildings, and alive in every direction with a busy and eager multitude, actively and profitably employed in the numerous departments of our growing commerce, was, so recently, a low and marshy plain, of which the wild beasts of the prairies were almost the solitary tenants; that but yesterday, comparatively, the wild Indian held here his council-fire, and roamed abroad unmolest- ed in the enjoyment of his native freedom. A country so recent as this cannot be presumed to afford very HISTORICAL SKETCH. 7 abundant materials for history. The incidents, however, connected with the rise and progress of the City — the causes which first gave it an impulse — and the works of public and domestic improvement, upon which its future prosperity depend, together with such events as transpired upon the spot, at an early day, may, perhaps, furnish a narrative not altogether uninteresting, and notjncoiisislcnt with our present purpose. For a western settlement, Chicago can claim no inconsiderable degree of antiquity. In regard to its earlier history, however, very little can be affirmed with any degree of certainty. The original proprietors and first inhabitants of the region, were, of course, the aborigines. The description of the first appearance of the vicinity, by some of its earliest explorers, leads to the belief, that they were here from a very early period; that this was, then, and from time immemorial had been, the site of au lndiau village. Major L0112, among others, mentions the number and apparent an- tiquity of the trails centring here, as evidence of the truth of this position. It is to be regretted that so little can be ascertained with certainty, of the lives and fortunes of the various tribes which, at different times, flourished on the spot. The melancholy truth, that they have passed away from their ancient dwelling-places, consti- tutes about all we know of them. Those wild races of primitive men have been swept away by the onward march of civilization. Their rude wigwams and bark canoes have given place to the princely dwellings and the stately ships of another and a different class of beings. Chieftain and warrior are gone. It is only occa- sionally that a miserable remnant find their way back from their new homes in the more distant west, to witness the transformation which is going on in this land of their forefathers. Their visits are' becoming less and less frequent* Each year witnesses so many] chances, that soon they will cease to recognise, in the scene, any semblance to its former self. All will soon In; changed — save onlv the beatin" of the waves on the shore of the lake over which man can exercise no control. The Illinois, the Shawnees, and the I'ota- watamies will be no more. They may survive tor a time beyond the father of waters, or on the shores of the Pacific — but fate seems to have decreed, that ultimately the whole race are to become ex- tinct. The French wore the original discoverers and settlers of the West. As early as the latter part of the sixteenth century, while the Kng- lislj Colonies were yet clinging to the shores of the Atlantic, almost two hundred years ago, their voyages and expeditions to this regiou commenced. In a few years they discovered and to some extent, settled the whole vast region from Canada to the (Julf of Mexico, a distance of more than 11000 miles. Their undertaking at that early day, was oijp of no little difficulty and danger. It was, nevertheless, commenced with a spirit, and carried on with a degree of persever- ance and sagacity, unexampled in the history of adventure. The limits of thi' present sketch will not permit us to give the details of these expeditions. It would be unpardonable, however, to pass over in silence the exploits of those brave and self devoted men, through whose exertions the resources and capabilities of the West were first made known. It is to be feared that they have failed to receive, at the hands <.f posterity, the reward to which I heir achieve- ments entitle them; that, while we have been lavish of praise upon 8 DESCRIPTION AND the discoverers of other portions of our country, we have failed to pay suitable tribute to the memory of these first pioneers in the region we inhabit — these pilgrim fathers of the West. If, to pene- trate thousands of miles into the heart of a continent, bidding adieu for months to the comforts of home, braving hunger and thirst, and the savage, can be said to command our admiration and gratitude, then these men have distinguished claims upon us who are now reaping the fruits of all their toils and sufferings. The earliest of these expeditions, as well as the most distinguished, were those of Marquette and La Salle. The former occurred in the year lu'73, and resulted m the discovery of the Mississippi, the original object and design of the expedition. To this expedition, is probably to be ascribed the honor of paying the first visit to Chicago, it being the prevailing opinion that it passed through here on its return to Canada, ascending the Illinois River and crossing to Michigan. Perrot, by some writers, is believed to have been here a few years earlier. Tin* sTory of Marquette, who voluntarily remained among the Illinois Indians, and found at last a solitary grave on the eastern shore of Michigan, at the mouth of a river bearing bis name, is familiar to all. With the expedition of La Salle, in 1G80, Chicago cannot be so clearly identified. This expedition, however, was productive of more important consequences to the West, generally, than the pre- ceding one. The Mississippi was navigated to its mouth; forts at favorable points, erected; the shores of the great Lakes thoroughly explored ; ami permanent settlements, at several points, commenced. The expeditions which succeeded those of Marquette and La Salle, were of minor importance, being principally designed to sustain the colonies already planted, and to prosecute the traffic which had previously been entered into with the natives. Although no posi- tive testimony exists on the subject, it is highly probable that Chi- cago was frequently visited by the French, during their passages to and from the West. Having once been here, they must ever after have appreciated the advantages of the situation, both in a com- mercial an I military point of view. Their sagacity in these matters seldom failed them. In their magnificent scheme of a chain of mili- tary posts, connecting Canada and the Gulf of Mexico, Chicago, doubtless, formed an important link, being at the head of the Lakes, and affording so many facilities to attain the interior. The French Colonies in the West, sustained by emigration, con- tinued from the first to prosper and flourish. Under the general name of Louisiana, which they assumed at a later period, thev were made the frequent subject of grants from the crown, to individuals and companies. About 1717, they are found the property of the celehrated Mississippi Company, which, at the time, gave rise to much speculation throughout Europe. At the close of the Trench and Indian War, Louisiana was transferred, by treaty, to the Eng- lish. During the Revolution, the Territory comprising the present State of Illinois, become, by conquest, the property of Virginia, by which State it was erected into a County, under the name of the County of Illinois Virginia ceded it to the General Government at the time of the cession of Western lands, by the Eastern States. In 1800, the pre- sent State of Illinois became a part of Indiana Territory, having a HISTORICAL SKETCH. 9 population of about 3000. In 1800. it became a Territory by itself, with a population of 12/282. and in 1818, was admitted into the Union. On the third day of August, 17!>5, at the treaty held by Ccncral Wayne, with the "l'ottawatamics and other tribes at (ireeuvifle, the title lo six miles square of territory, at the mouth of Chikajo Hirer, as it is expressed in the treaty, was obtained by the I* tilted States. From the language of this treaty, it appears that a .fori had formerly stood on tlie land thus ceded, which renders it pretty certain, that the French, who alone could have required anything of the sort, had made a settlement here, many years before. In lr(M, Fort Chicago was built on the site of the present Fort. About the same time, the American Fur Company, having been organised shortly before, established a trailing station, under the protection of the Harrison. The little colony thus planted here, some forty year* ago. for military and trading purposes, may be regarded as the first at- tempt to effect a permanent settlement of Chicago. The regular and monotonous life led by this little community, for the first eight years, afforded few incidents worthy of particular notice. In 1812, how- ever, the war broke out with, England, the consequences of which were peculiarly disastrous to all the Western settlements, exposed as they were, especially those in Illinois, to the hostility of neigh- boring tribes of Indians. The causes which conspired to render the Indians hostile at this time, are generally well understood, and may be traced to the machinations of Tecuinseh, and other English emis- saries, whose influence extended through all the tribes', being felt as far as the remote regions of Lake Superior. Chicago being then an extreme frontier post in this direction, and the country in every direction around it, full of Indians, with a force inadequate to its defence, was considered so much endangered as to require its evacu- ation. This being resolved upon at Detroit, ('apt. Heald. the officer in command here at the time, received an order to abandon the Fort, and proceed with the troops to Fort Wayne. This evacuation, on account of the fatal consequences which followed it. and the fact, that some of our present citi/.ens were themselves here, and had friend* here at the time, has always been regarded with interest, and may be considered a memorable event in the annals of Chicago. The transaction may, therefore, not inappropriately be given some- what in detail, in this connection. Reside the Garrison, there were several families residing here at the time. Mr. John Kinzie, father of John H. Kinzie, F sq., present Register of the Land Office in this City, occupied a house on the North side of the Kiver, a little Fast of the present site of the Lake House. The evacuation took place on the l.")th of August, six days after the reception of the order from tien. Hull, and the day before the disgraceful surrender of Detroit, by that officer, and not after, as some writers have erroneously re- presented it. In the mean time, a larger body of Indians, mostly of the Potawatamie nation, had assembled in the vicinitv of the Fort. This has generally been represented as a voluntary movement on the part of the Indians — but the most correct opinion appears to be, that Capt. lleald collected them himself, requiring of them an escort for the troops, and promising to give them the factory stores, a conside- rable quantity of which, were on hand at the time. Whether this be the fact, or not, some understanding of the kind undoubtedly 10 DESCRIPTION AMD existed on the part of the Indians, and the non-fulfilment of the agreement, by Capt. Heald, according to their expectations, may have occasioned the line of conduct which they subsequently adopted, which proved fatal to the lives of 55 of the party, and bad well nigh brought about the destruction of the whole. The stores on hand were composed in part of a quantity of liquor, and some arms and amunitiou. These it was deemed imprudent to give the Indians — and the\ were destroyed, a part being thrown into the River, and the residue deposited in a well within the Fort. One of the arms thus disposed of, a brass piece, was found a few years since, by some people employed in dredging the River — another, it is said, remains there to this day. The stores not destroyed were distribu- ted to the Indians. Under these circumstances, about nine o'clock, on the morning of the 15th of August, the party, composed of 54 regulars, 12 militia, and several families, amounting in nil to about 7D persons, left the Fort, under the escort of Capt. Wells, and about 3') Miami Indians. Their route lay aloni; the beach of" the Lake, between the w;iter on the left, and a succession of sand hills on the ri^'lir. They had proceeded about a mile and a half from the Fort, and had attained a point a short distance beyond the present resi- dence of Mr. II. B. Clarke, and were advancing, unconscious of dan- ger, when Capt. Wells, who it appears, had strayed for some pur- pose, some distance from the main body, discovered the Indians in ambush behind the sand hills. At the same time, another party was seen interposing in the rear, between them and the Fort, which they had just left. The alarm was immediately given — the dead mareh struck up, and the troops marched directly up the bank, upon the Indians. The action did not commence, as has generally been represented, by firing, on the part of the Indians. After firing one rem ml, the troops charged, and succeeded in dispersing the Indians in front. Hut the disparity of numbers was too great. The most determined bravery was displayed by the troops, but it could avail hltle against the superior force opposed to them, protected by the s«md lulls behind which it had entrenched itself. In 15 minutes, nearly the whole party were killed or wounded, and all the baggage in the possession of the enemy. Capt. Heald drew off his men. into I he open prairie, and took possession of a slight elevation, out of reach of the bank, and every other cover. The Indians, after some consultation, made signs for ('apt. Heald to approach them. He was met by a Potawatamic Chief, called Blackbird, who requested him to surrender, promising to spare the lives of the whole partv, in case of compliance. After some parley, the terms were agreed to, and the arms delivered up. The survivors were marched back to the' Indian encampment, near the Fort, about the spot where Stale Street now opens to the River, and where the present Market is located, \ivre, some of the prisoners, those who had been wounded, were .murdered in the most shocking manner, bv the squaws, who appeared to take great delight in exercising their knives and besmearing them in the blood of their unfortunate victims. The small number surviving, were distributed, according to the cus- tom of the savages, among the different members of the tribe. Mr. Kmiie. Sen , however, whose family, from the first, had been pro- tected by some friendly chiefs, although he was himself engaged in the action. w;th the troops — succeeded in procuring the release of HISTORICAL SKETCH. 11 Capt. He aid and lady, who were sent by him to St. Joseph, and thence to Mackinaw, whence they made their escape. The remain- der of the prisoners were retained, but, it is said, were treated with great kindness, and most of them surrendered to the British, at Detroit, in the following spring. The day following the action, the Indians burnt down the Fort, and dispersed. Such are the leading particulars of this unfortunate action, collected, principally, from an eye-witness of the whole. Capt. Heald has been subjected to much blame, a portion of which was undoubtedly merited. Hit management of the Indians was injudicious throughout, and the destruction of the stores, to say the least, imprudent. The evacua- tion, under existing circumstauces, was remonstrated against, by Mr. Kinzie and Capt. Wells, both of whom, from long intercourse with the Indians, had become familiar with their character, and were enabled to anticipate and foretell the result which ensued. Capt. Wells had been bred an Indian warrior, and was a brave and skilful soldier. He unfortunately fell early in the action, and was found with his face blackened, after the manner of the Savages, when they meet with disappointment. The Fort was rebuilt in 1617, when it took the name of Fort Dearborn. It was occupied, except at short intervals, by a Gar- rison, until 1837, when, the Indians having generally left the coun- try, it was finally evacuated, and has never since been re occupied as a military |>ost. It remains in much the same condition as in '37, except the pallisades, which were removed, the past spring, and their place supplied by a handsome fence. It has since been occu- pied by officers and agents in charge of the public works, and their families. Fort Dearborn being almost the only memento of the past, in the midst of so many creations of the day— the necessity of any alteration in its appearance is to be regretted. Until 1832, and even so late as 1833, little or nothing was done towards making a commencement of the City — it probably not en- tering into the imagination of any one, previous to that time, that a town of any importance was to be here at all, at least, not for many years. In 1832, its appearance and condition was much the same as in 1823. when Major Long, who visited the place that year, de- scribes it »* as presenting no cheering pros|M*cts, and containing but few huts, inhabited by a miserable race of men, scarcely equal to the Indians, from whom they were descended — and their log or bark houses as low, filthy, and disgusting, displaying not the least trace of comfort, and as a place of business, affording no inducements to the settler — the whole amount of trade on the Lake, not exceeding the cargos of five or six schooners, even at the time when the Gar- rison received its supplies from Mackinaw." This picture, though perhaps too highly colored, presents, in the main, a correct view of Chicago, in 1832. In 1830, there had been a sale of Canal lots, the best bringing only fifty or one hundred dollars, many of which have since become the most valuable in the City. Up to about that time the present most business, and densely populated part of the City) was fenced, and used by the Garrison, for some, purpose of hu«! bandry, or pasturage. So late as '36 or '6, the fire* usual on the prairies in the fall, overran the third and fourth wards. There were only some five or six houses, built mostly o/ logs, and a population of less than one hundred. 12 DESCRIPTION AND One of these houses, formerly the property of the Fur Company, was, until a short time past, occupied by Col. Beaubieo. About 80 rods to the south of that, stood a house, once occupied by Colonel Owings, but since washed away by the Lake. A house, known as "Cobweb Castle," on block No. 1, was formerly the abode of Dr. Alexander Wolcott. The dwelling of Mr. John Kinzie stood East of the Lake House. A log building at the corner of Dearborn and South Water Streets, and the ouce celebrated tavern of Mr. Mark Beaubien, on the site of the Sauganash. generally known as the Eagle, together with a building on block 14, and a cabin, occupied by Robinson, the In- dian Chief at Wolf Point, constituted all the buildings, except the Fort, to be found here in 1832. Sometime this year, however, Robert A. Kinzie built a store at Wolf Point, the first frame build- ing in Chicago. In 1834, several brick buildings were erected. The commerce of the place, up to this period, was equally insig- nificant. In fact, there was none, unless the traffic of the Fur Com- pany, can be dignified with that name. Vessels occasionally ven- tured here, but so seldom, that the arrival of a schooner was an event of no little moment, and created a sensation throughout the community. The year 1832, may then be regarded as the period from which to date the commencement of the City. Many causes, the Indian war among them, conspired, about this time, to bring ( 'hicago into general notice. What was called the " Western Fever," had begun to rage generally, throughout the country.— Thousands were Mocking from the East, to seek homes in the West. The first premonitions of the speculating mania, had manifested themselves. Eligible sites for towns and cities, were sought out, and eagerly appropriated. The superior advantages of Chicago, in this period of general enquiry, when enterprise was universally aroused, and incited by the hope of sudden wealth, could not long escape public attention. The attention of Congress had beeo called to the importance and necessity of a harbor, and an appropriation was confidently relied upon ar the next session. Gen. Scott, who explored the country during the Indian war, took a lively interest in this work, and ad- dressed a letter in relation to it, which was subsequently laid be- fore Congress. The construction of the Illinois and Michigan Canal, had also been finally resolved upon by the State legislature. Active measures were being taken to survey the different routes, and to estimate the cost of the various plans proposed. Hence the commencement, and completion of this important work at no distant day, might confidently be relied upon. The resources of the State, too, were beginning to be more generally known, and better ap- preciated. The most alluring reports of the character of the soil — its productiveness — the facilities for making farms on our prairies — together with the salubrity of the climate, were circulated far and wide. The most strenuous exertions were made, and with the most signal success, to promote emigration. Enterprise, stimulated by interest, and the hope of gain, was aroused, calling forth and con- centrating upon this one object, all the resources and capabilities of the age. Capital was enlisted, and credit and unlimited confidence invoked to its aid. Money, owing to excessive bank, and even pri- vate issues, was abundant, and loans to any amount were effected HISTORICAL SKETCH. 13 wiih the greatest case. The West suddenly became the centre of Lira's thoughts and wishes, and Chicago, as the most important point in the West, the goal to which all directed their aspirtions. Such are some of the prominent causes which may be said, at the period referred to, to have given the first impulse to the City. That it grew and prospered as it did, under their operation, will excite no surprise — the result could not well have been otherwise. Its progress, accordingly, until about '37 has no parallel — it was rapid in the extreme. Buildings went up as if by magic — stores wore opened by the hundred, and speedily filled with merchandize; people of every calling and pursuit in life, laborers, mechanics, and professional men, influenced by a common purpose — the hope of success in their several spheres of action — came together here, and entered at once with a zeal and activity into the schemes of improve- ment projected. The sale of Canal lots in 1830, has been already mentioned. In 1833, a great Indian payment was held here, near the present site of the Lake House. In the latter part of this year, the work on the harbor was commenced — and during the same year, the present Light-house was erected, the old one having fallen down. In 1835, the population of the place was said to amount to 5,500, a computation which probably included transitory persons, a great many of whom were here at the time. The actual popula- tion, however, that year, could not have been much less than 3000. In 183G, another sale of Canal lots took place, which was attended with much excitement, and occasioned a large collection of people from distant quarters. The prices were extravagantly high. Io 183G, a branch of the State Bank was located here. On the 4th of July, 1831, the ceremony of breaking the first ground en the Canal, took place at Canal Port, in presence of a large concourse of spec- tators. During the winter of '36-7, the act to incorporate the City, passed the .State Legislature; and in April succeeding, the first elec- tion under the Charter was held, which resulted in the choice of \V. B. Oouen to the office of Mayor. The growth cf commerce, thus far, kept pace with everything else. The community were dependent, during the first few years, entirely upon supplies from abroad ; this, together with the great influx of emigration, and the travel which began to set in this direction, gave employment to a considerable amount of shipping, and Steamboats and Schooners began to ply regularly between this port and Buffalo, During this brief but exciting period, the community fortunately found time to devote some attention to things of greater importance than the accumulation of this world's goods. Before or during 1836, as many as six Churches had been organized, and suitable buildings provided for their accommodation. These Churches, together with such as have since been established, have always received a liberal support, and are now in a flourishing condition. Neither was the subject of education wholly neglected. The school section, which fortunately lay contiguous to the City, and was pro- portionably valuable, was disposed of in 1834, and the avails applied to the support of Common Schools. Means for the diffusion of general intelligence were also provided. In 1834, John Calhoun commenced the publication of the Chi- cago Democrat; and in the following year, Thos. O.Davis esta- blished the Chicago American, both of which papers still exist ; the 14 DESCRIPTION AMD latter under the name of the Chicago Express, being published daily* These papers, together with the Prairie Farmer, Agiicuhu- ral; the Western Citizen, Abolition; the North- Western Baptist, Baptist; and the Better Covenaut, Universalist, which' have since been started, are ably conducted, and have an extensive circulation. The year 1837, is especially memorable, in the annals of Chicago, as the period of protested notes. It was during this year, that the consequences of speculation, which had hitherto operated most favorably for the West, were experienced to a most ruinous extent. Chicago was intimately connected with speculation, through all its progress. It was in its incipient stages, at the period of the com- mencement of the City ; but a disposition and tendency to it wai apparent eveu then. It raged with great violence during '35—0, and a portion of '37, at which time it gave color and direction to most business transactions. The history of this singular delusion is teplete with instructive incidents. It seems unaccountable to the more sober judgment of these times, how men, under any circumstances, could have been led so far astray — how prudence, foresight, and sagacity could, to such an extent, have lost their dominion and control over the human mind. But so it was. The rapid and unprecedented rise in the value of real estate, and the certainty of that rise, exerted a most seductive influence; very few were found able to resist the tempta- tion; all classes of people ultimately abandoning the usual avoca- tions of society, devoted themselves exclusively to speculation, and hazarded their all upon this sea of chance. This wild spirit found its way ultimately into the halls of legislation, and controlled the conduct and policy of states, as it had done that of individuals. It was under the influence of this spirit that those stupendous schemes of internal improvement originated in many of the new states, which have entailed upon subsequent times the evils of debt — taxation — and in some cases, national disgrace and dishonor.— Speculation led, in short, to the perpetration, on all hands, of acts of folly and absurdity, seldom before heard of. The sources of wealth being regarded as inexhaustible, naturally created extrava- gant ideas of prosperity, and afforded to all the apparent means of indulging in every species of expenditure. It would be useless to follow speculation through its stages, as one act of absurdity suc- ceeded another in rapid succession. — Are not these times and their consequences written in eflaceiess characters upon the memory of every reader ? But the day of wrath and retribution was at hand. Confidence and credit, too long abused, refused any longer to lend their aid. The unfortunate victims of the delusion were suddeuly awakened from their dream of wealth to the certainty of almost universal bank- ruptcy and ruin. Thousands suddenly called upon to investigate the condition of their affairs, which, in the excitement of the mo- ment, no one thought it necessary to attend to, found themselves involved to the extent of thousands and hundreds of thousands of dollars, and their real estate, from which alone the means of pay- ment could come, depreciated in value, in fact unsaleable at any price. Thousands, from affluence, were reduced — without warning or preparation — to poverty ; some struggled for a time with their destiny, but the evil day came at last ; and scarcely one, ultimately, HISTORICAL SKETCH. Id survived the catastrophe. T.he comparatively small number of those who did finally escape the ordeal, it ha* been observed were indebted more to chance and good luck than to any unusual endow- ment of prudence and sagacity. The ablest business men of the age — those in whose judgment and capacity in ordinary times we should unhesitatingly repose the most implicit confidence, ventured as far an. the Sine- ot* the Cuioti — when ber friends will hcj-u- iibleil ti> hurl back lln* imputations which have been cast upon hci charaeter — w hen£hc can no longer, with a Shadow of tint h or justice, be Stigmatized as the land of speculators and repudiation! Until then, she must ca'rnly biilc her time. 2« 18 DESCRIPTION APU> In conclusion of our subject, it may be proper to refer more par- ticularly to some important considerations and facts connected with the present condition of Chicago, hitherto only incidentally alluded to. The city, for tame time past, has been considerably embarrassed with debt, in consequence of the necessity which has existed of borrowing money to carry on its works of improvement. The ex- isting liabilities of the city amount to $8977.55, viz. : bonds to Strachan & Scott, $5000 ; bonds for Clark Street Bridge, $3000; bonds for barrier to the Lake, and interest, $977.55. The increas- ing revenues derived from taxation and other sources will soon afford the means to extinguish these liabilities entirely. The tax of the present year, at the rate of assessment of this year, amounts to $7852.45; the school tax, at half a mill per cent., lo $085.24. A large amount of city property, which heretofore has been unpro- ductive, will", the next year, become taxable, particularly the canal lands and the reservation. The amount of the tax for the coming year, unless a reduction should take place, may safely be estimated at $12,000. In addition to this, there is now in the treasury, unappropriated, Slc*54, and the current expenses paid. The management of the fiscal atfairs of the city, by our present common council, is entitled to the highest praise. The finan- cial ability of the mayor h.is been recently tested in the ma- nagement of a negotiation at New York, by which a reduction of three per cent, has been effected upon the interest of the largest debt of the city, and may be regarded as equivalent to a new loan. The credit of the city is now established upon a permanent foundation, and cannot be easily shaken. City scrip lor some time has been at par. Our common schools are worthy of especial notice, They are sustained in part by the school fund, and in part by taxation. The fund originally amounted to about $39,000 ; but nearly one half of this amount has been lost by injudicious loans. These schools are justly the pride of the city, and the interest which is manifested in them is an evidence of the importance which the community at- taches to education. We have also a medical college chartered by the Legislature in L J .T7, and several schools sustained by private munificence. Independent of these, wc have several other institu- tions, which are exciting a beneficial influence. Among them, the Mechanics' Institute and the Young Men's Association are prominent in importance. These institutions, while sustained as thev have been hitherto, will be both useful arid ornamental to the city, lioth of them have libraries, containing, ill the aggregate, about 2500 volumes. The Mechanics' Institute has a department in i he Prairie Farmer, devoted exclusively to the interests of the mechanical arts — the Young Men's Association a reading room, where most of the publications of the day are regularly received, and accessible to the public. There is, in addition to these libraries, a circulating library, containing about 1500 volumes. *\Vc have other societies designed to meet the intellectual wants of the com- munity, among which may be mentioned the Chicago Lyceum— the oldest literary society in the place. Our theatre— a very pretty one— has been in operation the past season, and met with some encouragement; but it must be confessed that, at present, the pros- pects of the drama are not flattering. HISTORICAL SKETCH. 19 The book making and publishing business has been commenced under favorable auspices. In illustration of the condition of this department of trade, we may allude to the third volume of Mr. Scammon's Reports of the Supreme Court, printed by Messrs. Ellis 6c Fergus, and now about ready for publication. The fact that the execution of this volume is equal, if not superior to the two former ones, which were issued from two of the best presses of the East, is highly creditable to our city, and must be gratifying to the profession generally. In facilities for the accommodation of the travelling public, Chi- cago has made great progress. In early tunes our innswere mise- rable in the extreme (Vow we have eighteen hotels and 'houses of public entertarr.ment, some of them large and splendid establish- ments, not inferior to any in the West. The great amount of travel passing through here during the season of navigation renders tavern keeping a very profitable branch of business. An extensive staging business has grown uphere, «nnd maybe re- ferred to as an instance of enterprise and public spirit on the part of those engaged in it. The several lines of stages centring here, lor speed, safety and comfort, are not excelled by any in the coun- try. The Hydraulic Company, designed to supply the city with pure water from the Lake, was incorporated in 1 H36. and has already been the source of great utility to the city, both in supplying water for domestic purposes, and for the extinguishment of fires. The stock is owned principally by merchants, and in time must become the source of great profit. Ship building has been carried on here to some extent. A steam propeller, regisfering270 tons, was built the past season, and a schoo- ner of about t?00 tons burthen, to be called the Maria, is now in pro- cess of construction by the same builder, and will probably be launched in the spring. It will be seen by reference to the statistical tables of this year, that a large amount of beef has been packed here the present sea- son. We have four large parking houses and all of them have done a heavy business thus far. The pork packing is only just com- mencing, but will, it is thought, be extensive. Much might be said in commendation of our Fire Companies — all of which are highly efficient, and bespeak the public spirit of otir citizens. Our Military Companies will speak for themselves. Considering the age of the city, and the fact that our population has been derived from almost every nation under heaven, and speak so many dilferent lancuages — the existing state of its society confers distinction upon Chicago. Among the new cities of the west, we shall be entitled, in this particular, at the present time, to an envia- ble position; the means now adopted to improve the condition of society will, at no distant day. enable us to rank with any city in the laud. Our citizens have always been distinguished for intelli- gence and morality — and for the uniform observance of all the pro- prieties of life. Our common schools, as the means of educating the rising generation, have always been regarded with the deepest interest, have been abundantly provided with the means for their support, and are conducted with great ability. The most scrupu- lous care is exercised, on the part of the inspectors of public in- 20 DESCRIPTION, ETC. struction, in the selection of teachers ; the schools are subjected to frequent examination — and their exists much emulation among the teachers. The most becoming re9pect, is paid to the institutions and forms of public worship. Our numerous churches and religious societies enable every one to worship (iod according to the dictates of con- science. Whatever opinions may be entertained in regard to reli- gion, it will be acknowledged that a decent respect for its ordi- nances, is greatly promotive of the well-being and prosperity of any community. The peace and good order of society is worthy of remark. — Brawls and affrays are extremely rare in our streets — and it may justly be said, that a more peaceable and quiet population can no where be found. It will be impossible in this connection to mention particularly all the institutions which testify the public spirit and benevolence of the community. Reference, however, can be had to subsequent parts of the book, where they are more particularly described. We have now followed our subject to its conclusion. We have attempted to exhibit Chicago as it was in gone-by days — to mark the successive stages of its progress — and to delineate its condition at the present time. We have reason to be proud of our city — not so much on ac- - count of its relative size among the other cities of the land — of its present population — and the amount and value of its commerce — but as affording a sublime illustration of what man, under circum- stances of great difficulty and embarrassment, can accomplish in a short space of time. In the hope that its future history may be worthy of the past— that the experience of the next an I »?»cli succeeding year, may justify our favorable predictions of ii in regard to its high destiny— wc must, for the present, bid adieu to the Qukk*c City of the North West f NORRIS' CHICAGO DIRECTORY Remarks. — It lias been the design to include in this Directory the names of all persons and all firm* in the City; to arrange them alphabetically; and in every instance to give the correct spelling. There may be cases however, where names may have been accidentally inserted in the wrong connection, and cases also of incorrect orthography — particularly where persons have been unable to spell, and the name has been written from the sound. Abbreviations, wh:ch occur only in a very few word*, will readily be understood; b stands for between ; Rami for Randolph ; Mad for Madison; Wash for Washington, Ac. The word street, in some instances, is omitted. The place of business uniformly precedes the residence. Immediate measures will be taken to procure the names of all persons who have been accidentally omitted in this volume; a complete list, corrected from time to time, will be kept at the (ienerai Intelligence Office, where the public can at all times get correct information in regard to the names, business, and residence of every inhabitant of the City. Persons finding themselves excluded, and persons coming to the City hercafier, are re- quested to call at the above place and have their names enrolled. Very few of our buildings are numbered, the necessity, however, of this can be avoided, if persons occupying buildings permanently, will put themselves to the trifling trouble and expense of putting their names on their doors. ABBOTT — ALLEN. Abbott, Thomas L. clerk nt C. Mann's, residence same Abbott, \V. clerk at Ward Rathbone's, residence same AckliofT, Nicholas, teamster, res Canal st. h Lake and N. Water Ackley, B. F. of Comstock cv A. residence City Reflectory Adams, Mrs. laundress, Clark street, h N. Water and Kinzie Adams, George, laborer, at .1. L. Gray's Adams, George, tailor at (). Taylcr's, Chicago Temperance House Adams, R. K. W. physician, corner oi Clark and Lake streets, house Clark street (See card) Adams, W. H. A: Co. boot and shoe dealers. 138 Lake st {See card) Adams, W. II. of W. II. A. <5c Co. residence Lasalle street, b Washington and Madison Adsit, James M. carpenter, house Monroe st. near Dearborn st Aiken, Samuel, shoemaker at Wm. Wheeler's Albie, C. P. clerk at Fulton market Allen, Geo. P. ship carpenter, residence at N. C. Walton's Allen, Jatnes F. carpenter, house Illinois street, b. Pine and Sand Allen, .1. P. fc Co. lumber merchants on Canal street, 3d Ward Allen, J. P. of J. P. A. <5c Co., house River street, 1st Ward 22 ALLEN — P.ANDLE. Allen, Win. shipwright, house Wolcott st. b. N. Water and Kinzie Ambrose, Ruel, dry goods and groceries, 156 Lake, st. house Wells street, b. Lake and Randolph Alvcrson, Win. mason, residence Washington Hall Ambrose, Robert L. clerk to Horatio Burl An. lerman, Henry, shoemaker at Win. David's Anderson, Mrs. G. milliner and straw hat maker, 3d door N.ot 1 . hinj;ton streets Bascom, Franklin. i;es :al wa*Yd Bas'.ey, J. cigar maker. IVarl.orn street, b Lake and South Water streets, res Western Hotel B is.--.crt, Cieorg**, labourer. South Water street BalcliehVr, Ezra, clerk, at N. Sherman, jr. house Labile iwar Lake Bates, A. S. cabinet maker. 100 Lake street, house s; me Hates, E. D. carpenter, Randolph street, corner Wells street Hates. John. jr. auction and commission merchant, 17 1 Lake street house South Water street {See carri) Hates, Jacob R. bar keener at Lake Street House Baumgartcn, Charles, carpenter, house Randolph street, c T asalle Baumgarten, Morris, Illinois street, b Dearborn and Wolcott sts Baxter, Patrick, laborer, house Lake street Hay, Henry H. carpenter, res Parnick Kelsov's Beach, Oscar L. clerk, county clerk's office." res Ceo. Davis* Iscaman. Abraham, shoemaker, at Solomon Taylor's Beardsley, H. II. physician, office 13(1 Lake st.' house Dearborn St. b Lake and Randolph streets (See card) Beamp, John I. teacher, res North Water street Beaumont, Ciemgc A. (>. of H. cc Skinner, house State st. b Ran- dolph and \\ aslungton streets Beaumont eC Skinner, attorneys at law, 92 Lake street (See ami) Bebb, Moms, laborer, res John L. Cray's ' Bedwell, C. W. tin and coppersmith, at S. J. Surdam's, house Dear- born street, bet Kandolph and Washington Beccher, George M. clerk, at Jerome Beecher's 24 BEECHER — BOGGS. Beecher, Jerome, boot, shoe, and leather store, 1G0 Lake si. house corner Michigan and Lake sts Beecher, Lewis, house Franklin st. b Lake and Randolph sts Becker, Alexander C. merchant, house Clark st. Gth ward Beer, Adam, shoemaker, at J. B. Mitchell's Beer, Lawrence, shoemaker, corner Michigan and Wolcott sts Beers, Cyrenus, of Botsford 6c B. house Wabash st Beygeh, Peter, sausage maker, N. Water st. b Clark and Lasalle Belden, Win. E. carpenter, house Water st. b Caual and Clinton Belkley, , res Sauganash Hotel Bell, James, gardner, Bell, John, at Stow's foundry, res Western Hotel Bending, James, carpenter, house Wolcott st. b Kinzie Ac Michigan Benedik, S. merchant tailor, 187 Lake street (See card) Bennett, Abel, saddler and harness maker, at Paine's Bennett, S. C. teacher, school and residence corner of State and Madison streets Bentley, John, laborer, at G. S. Hubbard's Berdell, Charles, cabinet maker, at D. A. dc E. M. Jones's Berg, Adam, grocery and tavern, Lasalle st. b Lake and Rand sts Berg, Anton, at Charles E. Peck's Berg, John, drayman, Monroe street, bet Clinton and Jefferson Berg, Joseph, saddler and harness maker, at Charles E. Peck's Berry, Joseph, laborer, at G. S. Hubbard's Best, Henry, teamster, Canal street, bet Lake and North Water Bcwsey, George, mason, res John L. Gray's Bickerdike, carpenter. Canal street, bet Adams and Jackson . Bigelow, A. clerk at II. O. Stone's, house State street, bet Wash- ington and Madison Bigelow, Henry W. clerk to S. J. Surdam, house Clark street, b Washington and Madison Bings, John, sailor, house Market st, b Washington and Madison Bills, George K cleik, at El. Norton A: Co. res Tremont House Bird, J. H. at Dr. R rain a id's, residence City Hotel B'rshop, Dardanus, farmer, house corner of State and Jefferson sts Bishop, James E. dry goods, groceries, and hardware, 131 Lake st, residence Theo^hilus G. Greenwood (See card) Blackman, Edwin, clerk at ii. H. Magic & Co.'s, residence Man- sion House Blaikie, A. of Ryerson Ac B. res American Temperance House Blair, Mrs. residence State street Blair, Win. stove and tin factory, cor Dearborn and South Water* sts. residence Tremont House Blakeslcy, El. A. of Loyd, B. Ac Co. residence Mrs. Boyer's Blakcy, John, carpenter, residence alley b Clark and Lasalle streets Blanc hard, Francis G. residence Wells' st, b Lake and Randolph Blanchard, Joseph, at C. Follansbe's Blandey, Christopher, clerk to John II. Foster, residence same Blasy, Barnhard, linker, corner of Lake and Wells sts, res same Bliss, Charles, house 2d ward Bliss, S. C. at Charles E. Peck's Bolles, Nathan II. house Lake street, east of Dearborn Boggs, Charles T. carpenter, house State street BOONE — BRIOGS. 25 Boone, Levi D. physician, office Clark street, opposite City Hotel, house State st. corner of Washington st (See card) Booth, Daniel, carpenter, corner of Jefferson and Washington sts Bond, Harvey, laborer, house Clark st Bond, Neman S. clerk to Loyd, Blakesley, 6c Co. house east of Clark street Bond, Hiram, laborer, house east of Clark street Bond. James, painter, residence City Refectory Bostwick, (Jeorge M. bar keeper, at the Illinois Exchange Rotsford, I. tailor, Wells st. b Randolph and Washington streets Rotsford, J. K. of R. 6c Beers, 100 Lake st. house Wabash street Botsford 6c Beers, stove and hardware, 100 Lake street (See card) Rowas, John, drayman, house S. Water st. b State and Wabash sts Bowen, Krastus, of B. muel, blacksmith, and boarding house, 142 Lake st Brown, Rufus B. clerk at J. 1*. Chapin k, Co.'s, res corner Lake and Wells sts Brown, S. B. Ohio st. b Cass and Rush sts Brown, S. C. clerk, at E. P. Clark's, res Ruel Ambrose's Brown, S- L. clerk, at A. G. Hurley's, res W. II. Brown's Brown, Thomas, drayman, res Lasalle st. b Ohio and Illinois sts Brown, William, grocer, res North Water st. b Clark and Dearborn^ Brown, William, res Sauganash Hotel Brown, William M. attorney, office Bank Building, res cor Illinois and Pine sts Brown, Mrs. dress and cloak maker, corner Lake and Wells sts Buchanan, Nelson, saddler, at C. K. Peck's Buckley, Noah, pawnbroker, corner Randolph and Wells sts Buckley, Timothy, butcher, at Fulton Market, res City Refectory Bu'ldiniiton, John, res Randolph st. 1st ward Buell, Horatio, auction and commission, dry goods and groceries, stoves, 121 Lake st Buell, Norman, printer, Democrat office, res D. M. Bradley's Buhl, Charles, hat and cap store, 120 Lake st (See card) Bumpstead, Thomas, jr. house Wells st. I) Lake and Randolph sts Bunch, Clybom, Wells st. I) Madison and Washington sts Burch, G. II. of Newberry & B. res City Hotel Burdell, Nicholas, musician, house Washington st. b Franklin and Wells sts Burdick, Amos W. carpenter, res Randolph st. b Washington and Franklin sts Burdick, E. porter, Mansion House BOaOEbS CARHET. »7 Burgess, John, wagon maker, Randolph st. near Wells 5t. res Mi- chigan avenue (See card) Burke, John, laborer, 3d Ward, P. or Jackson st Burke, Lewis, S. of Madison si t. of Lasalle st Burke, Patrick, tobacconist, at Henry Chapman's Burley, A. G. A: Co. crockery store, 105 Lake st (See card) Burley, A. G. of A. G. B. 6c Co. res Tremont House Burley, Augustus H. of S. F. Gale & Co. res Mrs. Haight's Burley, Chas. clerk at S. F. Gale & Co., res S. F. Gale's Burnani, Ambrose, res Wabash st. between Washington and Madi- son sts Burns, Michael, laborer, Tremont House, res Dearborn st Burton, Edward, tailor, 162 Lake st. res same Burton, George, sailor, Burton, Henry, at E. Burton's Burton, Horace, clerk, at Norton & Tuckerman's Burton, Stiles, res American Temperance House Buscli, John B. blacksmith, cor Randolph and Market sts. res Ran- dolph b Wells and Franklin sts Busch, Franz, wagon maker, at Burgess's Bushnell, Win. H. at K. K. Jones' periodical depot Butler, Horace, dry goods and groceries, and forwarding commis- sion merchant. South Water street (Sec card) Butler, John H. carpenter, at A. Loyds, residence Clark street, b Madison and Monroe Butler, Levi G. residence Clark street, b Adams and Jackson Butler, Nathaniel F. clothier, residence Monroe street Butler, Richard, laborer, Ohio street, east of Rush Butler, Wm. H. clerk at Horace Butler's Butler, Wm. M. clerk at C. Walker 6c Co.'s res N. F. Butler's Buttcrfield . of T. B. C. . house painter, at A. White's, res J as. Rockwell's Clark, C. II. clerk, at K. I*. Clark's, res Humphrey Clark's Clark, De Marcus, clerk at V. S. Lovell's, res Chicago Tempe- rance I Iouli ti. n merry, cor North Water and Clark sts. at bridge Doniv in. Dennis., saddle and harness maker, at S. 15. Cobb's Dontiolma, Daniel, laborer, North Water st. near Franklin st Dormoliua. .1 nin's, laborer at harbor Dorm. William, at Sfow's foundry Dono«hue, 1*. (>' auctioneer, 170 Lake street DOUOHKRTT-rELLIS. 33 Dougherty, Martin, hostler, Mansion House Dow, John I. of J. I. Dow 6c Co. res I) Lasalle and Wells st Dow, J. I. 6c Co. painters, Clark st. b Lake 6c Ran sts (See card) Downing, Thomas, butcher, at Clyburn's Downs, A. O. clerk, at T. B. Carter's, res Seth Johnson's Downs, A. S. clerk, at H. 6c K. Smith's Downs, Myron D. grocer, Dearborn st Doyle, Michael, of Andrus 6c D. S. Water st. res city refectory Drake, Jerome D. laborer 3d ward south of Jackson st Drew, John, jr. res Sauganash Hotel Dubois, , patten maker, for Scovillc 6c Gates, res Lake st. b Water and Canal st Duffle, John, carpenter Market st. S. of Washington st DnfTie, Michael,' laborer, Kinzie st. b Clark and Lasalle sts Duffic, Patrick, I iborer, Kin/.ic st. b Clark and Dearborn sts Duffle, Mrs. laundress, res N. Water st. b Clark and Dearborn sts Dclingan, John, laborer, Market st. b Randolph and Washington sts Dunham, Julius, of Christie 6c Dunham Dunlap, John, carpenter, Market st. south of Washington st Dunhp, Win. clerk in Jones' lumber yard, res city refectory Dunn, Win. res Canal st Durand, Charles, attorney at law, 131 Lake st. house same Duiant, James S. res Clark st Durell, Win. tin and coppersmith, at S. J. StirdanVs Dyer, Charles V. physician, office 9H Lake st. res State st Dyer 6c Chapin dry goods and groceries, 103 Lake st (See card) Dyer, Thomas, of D. &,Chauin, res City Hotel Earhcart, C. tailor, res Washington st. b Wells and Franklin sts Eachus. Virgil II. tailor, at A. J. Cox's res Mansion House Eastman, Zebina. editor Western Citizen, 124 Lake st. house Ran- dolph st. b Lasalle and Wells sts Eaton, R. E. clerk to Norton 6c Tnckerninn Eckholf. John, laborer, res Jefferson st. b Wash, and Madison sts Eddy 6c Co. dealers in iron, stoves, and hardware, 96 Lake st Eddy, D. C. of Eddy 6c Co. res Michigan avenue, b. Lake and Randolph sts Eddy, Ira R. of Eddy 6c Co. res Michigan avenue Edwards, Edwin, shoemaker, at Francis Edwards' Edwards, Francis, carpenter, Adams st. h Canal and Clinton sts Edwards, John, carpenter, at Francis Edwards' Edwards, Thomas, shoemaker at Whitlock's Eells, , bricklayer, south of Madison st. and east of Clark st Euan, Win. R. physician, recorder, c Clark and Rand st. res Clark Eldcrkin, S. W. at Chicago Temperance House Eldredic, John W. physician, res Rnndolph st. east of Clark st Elliott, J. tailor, 1H5 Lake st. res same Ellis & Fergus, book and job printers, Saloon Buildings, 3d story, Clark st. corner Lake st. Ellis, (icorge A. Clark st market, res Farmers' Exchange. Ellis, James, laborer, at (J. S. Hubbard's Ellis, Peter, shoemaker, at Win. David's Ellis, Stephen, butcher, res east of Clark st. north of Jackson st Ellis, Wm. printer, Saloon Buildings, res Randolph st 34 ELSTOIJ — rOLLANSBE. Elston, Daniel, patent press brickmaker, res N. Branch Mile End Emtnonds, J. W. carpenter, res R. Tripp's Enos Wm. C. jr. at A. Clyburn's Fairbanks, Peter, ship carpenter, Lake st. b Franklin Falch, Leonard, soap and candle factory, res Michigan st. b La- salle and Wells sts Falley, R. S. carpenter, Canal st. 3d ward Farall, Thomas, laborer, Michigan avenue Farewell, James, cigar maker, at A. B. Wheeler's Faris, James, sailor, N. Water st. b Franklin and N. B. Bridge Fearing, George B. captain of the Maria," res Washington Hall Fearus, John, sailor, Rush st. b Indiana and Ohio sts Felker, S. R. tailor, 143 Lake st. over checkered drug store Fellman, J. Francis, chairmaker, at J. B. Weir's, res N. Water st Fennerty, James, dry goods and groceries. Lake st. res Dearborn st Fennerty, James, res Lake st. b State and Wabash sts Fennerty, John, dry goods and groceries, 100 Lake st Fennerty, Peter, auctioneer, at John Fennertv's Fenton, Wm. of Perkins & F. res Chicago Temperance House Fergus, Robert, of Ellis & F. house State st. lot G, block 3, sec. 15 Ferras, , laborer, b N. Water and Kinzie sts. near Frank, st Ferris, Arthur, sailor, house W. st. b Lasalle and Wells sts Fetter, John, blacksmith, at T. Taylor's Field, -, house 3d ward Fillmore, P. P. engineer, house corner of Clark and Illinois sts Finey, Uriah, house South Water st Finlcy, Edward, laborer, res 4th ward Finmoro, Richard, wheelwright, North Water st. b Clark and La- salle sts. res at J. L. Gray's Fischbein, J. merchant, res Washington Hall Fischer, Francis, Catholic clergyman, res Wabash st Fish, James, carpenter. Fish, John P. teamster, house Lake st. b Water and Canal sts Fishor, Peter II. turner, Franklin st. b Lake and Randolph sts Fitch, Patrick, laborer, at G. S. Hubbard's Fitzgerald, Thomas, laborer, res West Water st. b Lake and North Water sts Fitzgibbons, John, res Michigan avenue Fitzgibbons, Patrick, drayman, house South Water st Fit/.simnions, James, clerk, at the recorder's office, res Dr. Egan's Fitzsimmons, Michael, drayman, house Adams st. west of Clark st Fitzsimmons, , house Michigan avenue Flahavan, John, brick maker, at Wood & Ogden's, 5th ward Flamming. Win. tailor, corner of Dearborn and North Water sts Fletcher, Archibald, auctioneer, at Horatio Buell's Fletcher, George, carpenter, res New York House Flint. Mrs. house Adams st. b Clinton and Jefferson sts Flood, John, teamster, house Wabash st Florida. Hughes, brick maker, at Wood & Ogden's, 5th ward Fogal, Michael, at A. Funk's Follansbe, Alanson, dry goods, groceries, and hardware, 112 Lake st. house State st. b Madison and Monroe sts rOLLANSBE Fl'SSFT. 35 Follansbe, Charles, dry goods and groceries, 88 Lake st. house State st Foot, S. teamster, corner of Clark and Monroe sts Foot, David P. teamster, house Wabash st Foote, Lucius, clerk, at Tuthil King's, res same Forbes, John, drayman, house State 6t Forbes, Wm. at Chicago Temperance House Ford, Alex, blacksmith, at S. Geuwey's, res Wells st Ford, Christopher, carpenter, res city refectory Ford, Martin M. tanner and eurrier, at Gurnee 6c Matteson's Fordham, Sand, tanner and currier, house Randolph st Forrest, Tho. L. clerk, at H. Norton 6c Co.'s res city eating house Foster, A. H. of Jennings 6c F. res American Temperance House Foster, George F. of F. & Robb, res J. B. Mitchell's Foster, John H. physician, 207 Lake st. house same Foster & Robb, ship chandlers and sail makers South Water st Foster, , saddler, Frink, Walker 6c Co. r Ame. Tern. House Fournmer, Bazil, groceiy, N. Water st. b Dearborn and Wolcott Fox, Alvin, wagon maker. Granger's foundry, h Illinois st. b Clark and Lasalle st Fox, Geo. laborer, Jefferson st. b Washington and Madison sts Foyce, Wm. sailor, res Henry Howard's Frank, John, cabinet maker, at John B. Weir's Frank, Henry, mason, h Monroe st. b Canal and Clinton st Frank, A. house painter, at N. S. Cushing's, res same Frazier, Alfred B. tailor, house b Clark and State sis Frazier, Andrew, tailor, at Elmer Tyler's, res same Free, G. W. draper and tailor, 139 Lake st Freeman, Vincent H. brick maker, Norih Branch Freer 6c DeWolf, attorneys at law, Clark st. opposite City Hotel Freer, Lemuel C. P. of F. 6c DeWolf, house Monroe st b Clark and Lasalle sts Freestone, Thomas, laborer, near Chicago avenue, 5th ward I*' rey, Philip, clerk at L. M. Boyce's, res D. B. Heartt's Frink, Walker, 6c Co. stage proprietors, corner of Lake and Dear- born sts Frink. John, of F. Walker 6c Co. h Rand. st. b Clark and Dearborn Frost, Geo. h Michigan avenue Fulleger, Samuel, butcher, at Fulton market Fuller, Andrew, E. clerk, at W. Lock & Co.'s clothing store, res at Wm. Lock's Fuller, Asa, of F. 6c Squires', h N. Water st. b Dearborn and Wolcott sts Fuller, H. merchant, h Dearborn st. b Rand, and Wash, sts Fuller 6c Squires, coopers, on S. Branch, 3d ward Fullerton, A. N. attorney at lav/, h Dearborn st Fuller, II. L. carpenter, h State st Funk, Absalom, butcher, Fulton and Boston markets, res Wells st. b Wash, and Rand, st Furgcrson, Win. laborer, N. Water, b Dearborn and Wolcott sts Furlong, Michael, bootmaker, at S. Taylor's, h Rand. st. b Frank. and Market sts Fussey, John, sawyer, 5lh ward, N. Branch Bridge 36 GAFFNET— OO0DSEI.L. Gaffney, Barnard, leather dresser* at Gurney 6c Matteson's, h 3d ward, b Rand, and Wash, sts Gage, E. D. daguerreotype, 90 Lake st Gage, Jared, flour dealer, at Jno. Gage's, res Mad. st. b Clark and Lasalle sts Gage, John, pro. of steam mill and flour dealer, S. Water st. h c Canal and 2d sts Gale, Abram, meat market, Clark st. N. of Lake st Gale, Stephen F. 6c Co. book store, 106 Lake st Gale, Stephen F. of S. F. 6c Co. h c of Wabash and Dearborn sts Gale, Mrs. A. milliner, 163 Lake st Gallagher, Francis, laborer, Madison st. W. of Franklin st Gallagher, Wm. of Hood 6c G. h N. Water st. b Clark and Dear Galvin, John, sailor, Wells st. b Madison and Monroe sts Galvin, Michael, sailor, Wash. st. b Wells and Franklin Galvin, Mrs. Wash. st. b Frank, and Market sts Garkin, Henry, laborer, Kinzie, b Cass and Rush sts Garrett, Augustus, of G. 6c Seaman, res Sauganash Hotel Garvey, Tim. brick m'r, at Wood 6c Ogden's, h N. Water, n N. B. Bridge Gates, Edwin L. b'ksmith, St'e st. h Ran. b St'e st. and Dearborn Gates, John, carpenter, r city refectory Gates, Philetus W. of Scoville 6c Co. h Rand, b Wash, and Canal Gates, Ralph, iron founder, at Scoville 6c Gates Gavin, Edward, carpenter, Cass st. b Kinzie and Wash, sts Gawey, Solomon, blacksmith, h State st Gay, John, sailor, h S. Water st. b State and Wabash sts Gekler, Henry, b'ksmith, h Rand. st. b Lake and S. Water sts George, Thos. tin and copper smith, 197 Lake st Gerrety, Patrick, shoemaker, N. Water st. b Clark and Dearborn Getzler, A. hat, cap, and fur store, 1?>1 Lake st. res same Getzler, Fred, clerk, at Bracken 6c Tullcr, r Sauganash Gilbert, Ashley, 6c Co. dry goods and groceries, S. Water st Gilbert, Ashley, of A. (». 6c Co. r < ity Hotel Gilbert, Edwd. A. med. stu. at Dr. Rrainard's, r S. II. Gilbert's Gilbert, Sam. II. clerk, at Dyer 6c Co.'s, Mich, b Clark and Dearb Gilbert, Sherod, drayman, h Ohio st. b Dearborn and Wolcott Giles, Win. gardner, h Lake st. 4th ward Gillis, Alex, carpenter, h Jackson Gilmorc. Win. laborer, h N. Branch, n river Gilson, Hiram L. of Kent 6i G. res City Hotel Gilson, P. clerk to Bristol 6c Porter, res city refectory Gilson, Stephen R. lumberman, at Snow's Glansman, John, butcher, at the Western market Gleason, Michael, cooper, alley b Dearborn and Water sts Godard. H. B. clerk, at Ruel Ambrose's, res same Goldan, John, stone mason, N. Water st. b Clark and Lasalle sts Goodman, Fret!, tailor, house alley, b Lasalle and Wells sts Goodman, Leonard, shoemaker, at Dan. Taylor's, h alley b Lasalle and qqelss sts Goodrich, Grant, of Spring 6c G. h Illinois st. b Cass and Rush sts Goodrich, J. W. clerk, at T. B. Carter 6c Co. '9, res S. Johnson's Goodrich, Willard, tinsmith, at Wheeler's Goodsell, L. B. dry goods, <5cc. Dearborn st. b Lake,& S. Water GOODWIN— GROSE. 37 Goodwin, Francis P. plane maker, ho. Lake st. b Water and Canal Goss, Jno. of S. \V. Goss & Co. Sylves. Marsh's res city refectory Goss, S. W. te Co. dry goods, cVc. *)8 Lake st Goss, S. \V. of S. \V. Cass & Rush •Hamilton, Robert P. of H. & White, res T. E. Hamilton's Hamilton, Thomas, res- Washington Hall Hamilton, Thomas E. carpenter Hamilton, W. J. clerk, at S. Sawyer's, res C. H. Chapman's Hamilton & White, dry goods and grocery store, 130 Lake fct Hamlin, E. H. Baptist clergyman, ho Lasalle st. b Wash & Mad Hanks, J. Deming, clerk, at S. Sawyer's Hannahs, J. M. Stow's foundry, res Western Hotel Hanson, Abraham, Methodist clergymen, res Clark st. b Washing- ton and Madison sts Hanson, Joseph L. teamster, house Monroe st. b State and Clark Hanson, Knus, laborer, near North Branch bridge Harman, William, blacksmith, North Water st. res samt Harmon Charles L. dry goods and groceries, cor Clark and South Water sts. res Dearborn st. b Wash and Mad sts (Set curd) Harmon, E. R. clerk, at E. S. cV: J. Wadsworth's, res same Harmon, J. of Wooster & II. res John Gray's Harper, William, carpenter, house" Madison st Harrington, Daniel, Harrington, James, house Clark st. b North Water and Kinzie sts Harrington, Joseph, Unitarian clergyman, house cor Michigan and Dearborn sts Harris, Jacob, carpenter, house First st. b Clark and State sts Harrison, Henry, grocery, South Water st. res same Harrison, Hiram, drover, house South Water st Harrison, Robert, at John Gage's, house Jackson st. 3d ward HARROlfh MILLIARD. 3D Hanouri, O. A. saddler at D. Walker's, res same Hart, (Jco. W. Water Street, house Wabash st* Hart, Lewis, laborer, house, alley ne;ir Lake and Franklin Ms Harvey, Kdward, laborer. Clark st. I) North Water and hin/.ic sts Haslitt, Peter, laborer, West Water st. b Randolph and Like sts Haslitt, \V r m. shoemaker, •* ** Haslett, Win. laborer, at. Hubbard's Hass, Louis, blacksmith, at J. Rusch's Hastings, Hiram, drover, house Washington st. b Lasalle and Wells Hastings, Thomas, shoemaker, at Taylor's, Mad st. West of Clinton Hatch, David, hardware merchant, 1)8 Lake st. h Adams (See card) Hatch, Herman, of H. A: Slilir, South Water st. Hatch A: Shur, ball alley and saloon, South Water st. b State ami Dearborn sts (.SVe card) Hatfield, Isaac P. res "Mrs. (ircen's Hathaway, L. W. clerk, at S. B. Collins Sc Co.'s, house Wabash s b Clark and Lasalle sts Hathaway, Mrs. dress maker, 1?.") Lake st Hawkins, William, cleik, at C. G. Wicker's, res D. Jay's Hawley, J. S. clerk, at Sherman & Pitkin's, res Sauganash Hotel Hayden, Chamberlaine, res American Hotel Hayes, 15. F. grocer, 170 Lake st res Clark st Hayward, Alviu, fanning mill maker, near Sauganash Hotel Heacock, H. H. res R. K. Heacock's Heacock, K. K. attorney at law, ho Adams St. b Clinton A" La-alle Heacock, R. K. jr. clerk, at C. Walker A' Co.'s, res R. K. 1 leaeock's Heacock, R. K. mason, at A. S. Sherman's Heal-1, Daniel, jr. mason, Jackson st. b Clark and Wells sts Heald, Hamilton A. res D. Ilcald's Heartt, I). 1$. constable, boarding; house, Lasalle st b Rand A: Wash Hennirms, Thomas, laborer, Randolph st. 3d ward. Henry, Nilffli K. constable and joiner. N. Water st b Kin and Dear Henson, Oliver C. barber, 1-". Lake st Hequenftfinr«!, (*. W. clerk, at 1». J-'. Sherman's, res same Herrick, K. W. res Mrs. lJai»hl\s Hervey. .lames, dry goods and uroeeries, South Water st. home, Indiana si. b < :ks and Rush sts (Sre run/) Hervey, Robert, currier, at (iitrttcp A; Matteson's Hettinger A Peterman, tailor-, South Water st Hickox, Philan. clerk, at S. S. Robinson's ]8| Lake st. res same Hickox, < harles |). teainsier. house Randolph st. near M.ui.ct st Hickcy, Patrick, teamster, at C. Ma< Donnell's HiL'tzins, K. milk dealer. Canal -f. :;d ward Higcins, P. milk dealer. Canal st. "d ward Higgins, John, tanner, at (.'urine A Mammon's, house North Wa- ter st. near Franklin st Hi«jh. John, jr. of II. II. Ma u ir A Co. Wabash st. b Clark and Lasalle sts Higley, Ceo. House of l'nferlainment. S. Water «t. near La-alb' st Hililcbrand, Wiii. glove and mitieu factory. Lake sr. mar liank.'in Hill, J. \\'. tinsmith. ;. laborer, res P. Kelscy's Hough, R. M. HOUGHTON JEFT3. 41 Houghton, David, shoemaker, at D. Taylor's Hovey, Sam'l. S. of Clyburn 6c H. Western market, cor of Lake and Wells sts, res Clark, b Illinois and Indiana streets Howard, Henry, grocery, Dearborn st, b Lake and S. Water sts Howard 6c Hadley, livery stable, Lake street Howard, John M. druggist with BrinckerhofT, 143 Lake street Howard, Wm. shingle maker, res at D. Honeywell's Howard, Win. H. of II. &c Hadley, h Washington, b Canal & Clin Howard, Win. II. wagon maker Howe, Chas. F. res Frederick A. Howe Howe, Frederick A. justice of the peace, office Dearborn, b Lake and S. Water, h cor Dearborn and Washington streets Howe, Isaac, bricklayer, house Clark street Howe, James L. city bakery, N. Water, b Cass and Rush sts Howe, Samuel, bricklayer, house Clark street Howe. Samuel, clerk at Magie 6c Co.'s, h State, b Wash and Mad Hubbard, A. book-keeper at G. S. Hubbard's, r Ind, b Cass 6c Rush Hubbard, G. S. forwarding and commission merchant, S. Wateir ne?r Clark, h Indiana, b Cass and Rush {See card) Hubbard, II. G. at clerk's office, h Lasalle, b Wash and Madison Hubbard, M. dry goods and groceries, S. Water, b Clark and Dear Hueunin, L. C. at United States Hotel Hulbert, Eri 15. South Water st, house State street Humphrey, Wm. N. wagon maker, Rand st, house Wells, b Ran- dolph and Washington streets Humplueys, I), of II. 6c Winslow, res City Hotel Humphreys 6c Winslow, for. and com. merchants, S. Water street (See card) Hunt, Mrs. house West Water, b Randolph and Lake Huntington, Alonzo, attorney at law, office Lake over S. W. Goss's res at C. V. Dyer's (See card) Husted, H. II. clothing store, 97£ Lake, res at F. C. Sherman's— (See card) Hu<;hs, Wm. F. res at R. J. Woodward's Hyde, Z. W. mason, house Illinois, b Pine and Sand Tngalls, Wm. A. sailor, house N. Water, b Wolcott and Kinzie Irvin, George, shoemaker, at J. P. Mitchell's Irvin. .1. |{. 6c Co. dry goods, groceries, Dearborn, b Lake and S. Water (See card) Jackson, John, teamster, house 3d ward Jackson, John J. sailor, house Indiana, b Pine and Sand Jackson, Samuel, overseer of harbor, res Fort Dearborn J.irkson, S. K. res at Samuel Jackson's .lacobus, A. L. of Manahan 6c J. house Michigan Avenue Jacobus, 1). 6c A. L. looking glass store, 10 Clark street J:«ggcr, Oliver, painter at N. S. Cnshing's, res Clark, 4 Mor.'s Row James, Thomas C. carpenter, res 3d ward, S. Jackson st Jay, David, ladies boot and shoe maker, Clark si, near Lake Jeffrey, , carpenter, house Clinton st, b Wash and Madison Jeffreys cV Hcntley, blacksmiths, West Water, b Rand and Lake Jeffries. Geo. warehouse man, house Indiana, b Cass and Rush Jolts, Amusa, water borer, res M. McDonald's •4 42 JEN.NERSOrf-p— K,EEf. Jenncrson, Oliver, blacksmith, house Illinois, b Clark and Lasalle Jennings A* Foster, dry goods and groceries, S. Water street Jennings, J. T. clerk at A. Rossetter's, house Michigan Avenue Jennings, S. H. of. J. & Foster, house Mich Avenue, n S. Water .l(iccl\n. .1.11. barkeeper at Western Hotel Joiee, Thomas, butcher, house Kin/.ie. I) Lasalle and Wells sts Jordon, James, sudor, Washington, b Franklin and Market sts Johnson, A. of .1. A: A. Johnson Johnson, Ahram, clerk at Charles ('leaver's Johnson, Anthony, barkeeper at City Hotel Johnson, Benjamin C harness maker at Morton's, house Wabash Johnson A* Co., builders, Dearborn, b Randolph and Washin<;toii Johnson, H. W. res Scth Johnson's Johnson, J. & A. grocers, Dearborn street Johnson. Jacob 15. ship painter, house cor Indiana and Cass Johnson, J. A: Co., barbers and hair dressers, Clark street Johnson, Jacob, waiter, Illinois Exchange Johnson, J. M. clerk at IJracken A; Toiler's Johnson, John, labocer at G. 8. Hubbard's Johnson, John, cafjf>eflter, house near Jackson and State sts Johnson, Lathrop, cigar maker at Wheeler's Johnson, Joseph, soap and candle manufactory, 57 and 51> Lake st Johnson, Stanford, carpenter, Dearborn st, res J. (nay's Johnson, Seih. deputy collector and inspector of Port of Chicago, house eor Washington and Lasalle sts Johnson, Win. mason. 2120 Lake street Johonnott, Wells A; Co. leather store, c Lasalle and Lake (Sftcurd) Johounott. K. S. of J. Wells A Co. house Kin/., b Lasalle 6c Wells Jones, Benjamin, of ]>. J. A: Co. house Rand, b Clark and Dearb Jones, J5. A: Co. dry goods and groceries, S. Water, b Clark and Dearborn (Set. rani) Jones, t). A. tc K. M. chair and cabinet manufactory, Dearborn st Jones, D. A. of D. A. A' F. h\. Jones, res Dearborn street Jones, Fli-ha M. of I). A. A' K. M. Jones, res Madison st Jones, Hiram, clerk at L. W. Clark's, res Wm Jones Jones, John, carpenter, house S. Jackson, K. ('lark Jones, K. K. periodical depot, ('lark st. n P. O. (See card) Jones, N. A. res J. W. Hooker Jo iics. Tarleton, In tuber merchant, S. W. st, at bridge, res Mr**.* ( 'Jree'n's (Sft rant) Jones, Win. of l>. Jones A* Co. house cor Randolph and Dearborn Jones, , — ,, cooper at Govro's J odd, N. I'». of Scammon A' Judd, res City Hotel JuHson, F. dentist, [){* Lake st, h State, b Wash and Madison sts Kane, Patrick, drayman, house Kin/.ie st. b Clark and Lasalle sts Keiine U.John, saddler, at Horlon's, house N. Water st. b Clark and Dearborn sis Karl", K:n 1«-, laborer, North Water st. near Franklin st Kastar, John, laborer, house* Duleh s Adams and Jackson sts Murphy, John, United States Hotel, corner Randolph and W. Water sts. (See card.) Murphy, John, laborer, h N. Water, near Pine st Murphy, Timothy, h head Washington st, 2d ward Murray Ac Brand, exchange brokers, c Lake and Clark sts Murray, George, tailor, 204 Lake st Murray, John, laborer, h Water, h Canal and Clinton sts Mush am. Wm. drayman, house Gth ward Mv.-rs, Frederick F. laborer, h N. Water, b Clark and Wells sts My ois, <)»ven, drayman, h kinz/ie, b Lasalle and Wells sts Myers, Peter, laborer, h Chicago avenue, Dutch Settlement. Nelson, Andrew, laborer, house N. Water st near Franklin Nelson. Peter, sash maker, h N. Water st. near Dearborn Nauberger, Hugh, at P. Fund 6c Co.'s Newberry Ac Burch, bankers, 97 Lake street Newberry & Dole. for. and com. merchmts, cor Clark St S. Water and North Water streets (See card) Newberry, Walter L. of N. Ac Burch, h Illinois, b Rush and Pine Newburgh, Philip, tailor, 133 Lake street Newcomb. , tailor, at Flliolt's Newhall, II. fruit and groceries. 123 Lake st. res J. Jenning's Niblo, A. R. printer, house State st Nichols, D. M. C. res at D. T. Nichols- Nichols, D. T. saddler, house corner of Randolph and Wells see 5 50 NICHOLS PAiriTOR. Nichols, Luther, drayman Nickalls, Patterson, livery stable, Kinzie st. b Dearb. and Wolcott (See card) Njckerson, J. 15. machinist, Randolph st. house South Water st Nickolson, Edward, forwarding and commission merchant, youth Water st. house Rush st. b Ohio and Ontario sts Noble, Aaron, grocer, house N. Water st. b Dearborn and Wolcott Noble, Ceo. A. school teacher, Lake st. h cor Wash, and Franklin Norris, Henry, res Mansion House Norris, James, carpenter, res A. H. Palmer's Norris, J. W. attorney at law, office Clark st. opp City Saloon Norton & Case, dry goods and groceries, 80 Lake st Norton. C. C. of N. & Case, house State st. b Madison and Mon Norton, George W. res Illinois Exchange Norton, H. of Lloyd, Blakesley & Co. h State b Rand, and Wash Norton, Hiram, ol' N. & Tuckerman, res S. Johnson's Norton, Horace 6c Co. forwarding and commission merchants, So. Water st. (See card) Norton, John, gunsmith, at Peacock & Thatcher's Norton, Therein, dry goods and groceries, 117 Lake st Norton & Tuckerman, dry goods and groceries, 131 Lake st. ware- house North Water st (Sec card) O'Brien, Michael, blacksmith, South Wafer st O'Brien, Dennis, tailor, house N. Water st. b Dearborn and Wolc. O'Bryan, (ico. grocer, N. Water st. b Wolcott and Kinzie sts O'Connor, Jeremiah, blacksmith, N. Water st. b Clark and Lasallc O'Lnary, . , at Dr. Egan's O'Mcara, Timothy, clergyman, house S. Water St. near State O'Neil. Michael, carpenter, h Dearborn st. b Wolcott and Kinzie O'Sullivan, David, house Kinzie st. b Franklin and Wells sts Oakes, Noyes, house mover, house State st. b Adams and Jackson Ogden 6c Jones, land agents, Kinzie st. b Wolcott and Dearborn (Sec card) Ogden, M. D of Arnold 6c O. house Ontario st. b Dearb. and Wol O^den. Win. B. of O. 6c Jones, res Ontario st. b Cass and Hush Olin, Henry W. boarding house, N. Water st. b Rush and Pine sts Oliver, John A. house painter N. Water st. house Michigan st Osburn, Win. shoe dealer, at Beechei's, house Madison st Ost, Wm. tailor, Randolph st. b Lasalle and W T ells sts Osterhoudt, L. M. Saugana^h Hotel, c Lnke and Mark. (See card) Otis, S. T. hardware, store Clark st. near Lake st. house State st. (recently appointed U. S. Consul for Basle, Switzerland) Otis, Edwin, clerk, at S. T. Oiis's, and librarian Young Men's Ass. Ottaway. Charles, grocer, 175 Lake st Otto, A. T. watchmaker and jeweler, 173 Lake st Outhet, J. C. wagon maker, Randolph st. house Madison st Packard, Robert, teamster, house Randolph st. b State and Dearb. Page, Peter, mason builder, res Win. L. Church's Page, Thomas, clerk. Post Office Page, , carpenter, St urges 6c Stubbs' res city refectory Paine. James S. saddler, Dearb. st. b Lnke and Water (Sec card) Paintor, Joseph, tailor, at S. Benedick's, h Chap. Buildings PALMER — PIKE. 51 Palmer, A. II. painter, c Clark ami Illlinois sis, h same Pardee, Thcron, forwarding and commission merchant, N. Water street, res City Hotel. (See card) Parker 6l Dodije, auction and commission merchants, Clark st, in Harmon Wash b Kin/.ie and Wolcott sts Patterson, It. W. 2d Presbyterian minister, h State st. mar Kant] Peacock, K. watchmaker, 195 Lake st. h Madison st. b Lasalle and Wells sts Pearsons, Hiram, res Trcmont House Pearsons, P. H. clerk, at K. Ambrose's, res same Pease, Simeon, butcher, af Fulton market Peck, Azcl, builder, h Clinton, b Washington and Madison sts Peck, Charles K. saddle and harness maker, 164 Lake st, h Lasalle street. (See card.) Peck, David, medical student, at Dr. ftrainards, res. Mrs. Posts Peck (V Boyce, linseed oil factory, Madison st 'Jd ward Peck, David, res Mrs. Wagoners, Lake st west Wells Peck, S. W of P. tc Boyce. res C. Beer's Peck, P. F. W. house corner of Clark and Jackson sts Pderrcolatt, F. A. soap and handle factory, Frank, and Indiana sts Pelton, Flias S. mason, res Washington Hall Penny, John, brick maker, near North Branch, 5th ward Penton. D. K. at Dr. BrinckcrhorT'w, res same Penton, Thomas B. clerk, at Clark A* Co's, res Dr. BrinckeihofT's Pcriolat, Clemens, crocer, corner of Lake and Franklin sts Perkins, A. clerk, at Sherman tV Pitkin's, res <>. Sherman's Perkins A: Fenton, wagon makers, Randolph st. h Clark and La- salle «ts (See card) Perkins, , of P. l». Thus. P. Robertson, Cyrus D. clerk at H. II. Yates' Roberts. Alexander, h North W'«er b Dearborn and Wolcott Roberts, D. L. Chicago Temperance House, Lasalle b Lake 6c S. Water sts f&ee card) Roberts, Henry L. shoemaker', South Water, h North Water st Roberts, J. S. chair painter at J. B. Weir's Roberts, John T. drover, h Clark st b Washington and Madison Robertson, James, ship carpenter, h cor North Water and Rush Robcrtsou, ■ -, res Sauganash Robinson, Alexander, farmer, h South Branch 3d ward Robinson, James, carpenter, h Monroe st 3d ward Robinson, John, house mover, h Adams b Clark and State sts Robinson, P. P. boot maker, 139 Lake street Robinson, S. S. grocer, 164 Lake street, house same Rockwell, James, boarding house, Clark st b Wash and Madison Roden, James, laborer, res C. McDonnell's Roder, John, blacksmith at Humphreys, Rogers, Edward K. of Horace Norton 6c Co. h Ind b Cass 6c Rush Rodgers, John, lard oil maker, house N. Water st Rogers, Geo. A. Rogers, Geo. W. Chicago Hotel, cor Lake and Canal sts Rooney, O. laborer, h Canal b Lake and Randolph Rose, Freeman, wagon maker, h Wells st b Rand and Washington Rose, John, clerk at Murray 6c Brand's Rose, Russell Ross, Geo. blacksmith, at Wm. Otis Snell's Rossettcr, A. dry goods and groceries, 92 Lake6t. Rossetter, G. clerk at Norton 6c Case, res C. C. Norton's Rossiter, Newton, lumber merchant, S. Water st, h Franklin st Rossiter, Henry, res at N. ltossiter's Rossiter, Luther, res at N. Rossiter's Row, Jonathan, sawyer, near the Bridge, 5th ward Rowlatl. W- Bethel clergyman, res at Henry Smith's Rowlatt, Mrs. W. A. French teacher, res at Henry Smith's Rowley, Aldrich, shoemaker, house Market street Rowley, Titos. E. teamster, at A. Funk's Rucker, Edward A. law student at H. L. Ruckcr's Rucker, H. L. justice of the peace, Clark street Rue, John C. carpenter, h Clark, b Madison and Monroe Rumsey, G. F. clerk, Newberry 6c Dole Ruinsey, J. S. clerk at Newberry cv Dole, res at G. W. Dole's Rut ledge, Thomas, laborer, h Lake st b Water and Canal Russ. John, teamster, house cor Clinton and Madison Russell. C. (i. of Rew 6c Russell, res City Refectory Rusted, F. C. res Mrs. Green's Russell, J. City Hotel, cor Clark and Randolph streets (See card) Russell, J. B. F. land agent, Clark st, h c Wolc 6c Ind (See card) R'H«cll, Martin, sailor, h Wolcott, b N. Water and Kinzie sts Ryan, Edward, laborer, h Franklin, b Randolph and Washington Ryan, John, boarding house, South Water street^ Ryer, G. cv Co. tailors, Clark street, next door to Post Office Ryersou 6i BlaiUie, dry goods and groc. 'JO Lake street (See card) 54 RYERS0N* — SHAW. Ryerson, J. T. of R. & Blaikie, res Trcmont House Salisbury, T.'W. dry goods and groceries, S. Water near Clark st Saltonstall, Francis, clerk at Parker 6c Dodge's Saltonstall, Wm. W. Assignee in Bankruptcy, house Madison Saltonstall, Win. house Madison st b Clinton 6c Jefferson Sannnons, Frederick, cooper, h Canal st b Adams 6c Jackson Salomons, John, cooper, Adams st. near Clark Sannnons, Joseph H. cooper, house Canal st. b Adatns 6c Jackson Sannnons, F. W. cooper, house Adams st Samuel, William, laborer, ho near North Branch bridge, 5th ward Sandusky, Michael, chairmaker, h Washington st. b Wells 6c Frank Sanger, J. V. of L. 1*. Sanger 6c Co. res Mrs. Green's Sanger, L. P. 6c Co. hat, cap, and fur store, 110 Lake st Sanser. John W. of Cruver 6c S. house cor Clark and Michigan sts Salterlee, M. L. dry goods and groceries, S. Water, res Treinont S;mter, Charles \' J. shoemakers, 212 Lake st. (Sec card) Santer. Charles, of C. \ J. S. house 212 Lake st Sauter, J. of C. A: J. S. house 212 Lake st Sawyer, S. drugs, medicines, and groceries, I2t Lake st. res City Hotel. (See card) Scainmon 6c Judd. attorneys, 123 L:tkc st. 2d story, (See card) Scainmon, J. Y,. of S. 6c Judd, house cor Mich. av. and Randolph Schank, Lewis G. currier, at Johonott, Wells, (V Co.'s Schenerman, Michael, at Plund s and Rush sts Seybold, F. K. blacksmith, Randolph st. near Wells Shad. II.', Pete?, upholsterer, Clatk st. house S. of First st. 2d ward SliaddJe, Miss Film, readier, one door South 1st Pies. Church Sliapl'ev, Muruan L. house Reservation Sharer.' Gen. tailor, at Hodgson's, h Wells St. b Wash, and Mad. Shaw, Isaiah, clerk at <\ Follansbe's Shaw, John O. ol Clark 6c Co. res City Hotel SHAW — SMITH. 55 • Shaw, Joseph, carpenter, house cor Jefi'erson and Washington sts Shay, John, laborer, at John Dennis' Shay, Michael, house Wells st. !> Water and Kinzie st9 Sheldon, C. P. clerk, at Philo C. Sheldon's Sheldon, Pliilu C. grocer, corner Lake and South Water sts. house Franklin st (See card) Shepherd, Hiram, mason, house East Wafer st. b Wash, and Rand Shepherd, Robert, carpenter, house^Cass st. b Indiana and Ohio Shepherd, Thorn. is J. mason, house Kast Water st Sheriff, John, clerk, at J. 1*. Allen's, h cor Canal and N. Water sts Sherman, A. S. builder, of Johonnott, Wells, 6c Co.'s house Wash- ington st. b Canal and Clinton sts Sherman, 15. F. dry goods and groceries, corner of Lake and Clark sts (See card) Sherman, E. L. of Ballcntinc A: S. res City Hotel Sherman, F. C brick maker, house Michigan avenue Sherman, F. T. clerk, at El. H. Ilusted's, res F. C. Sherman's Sherman, N. jr. dry goods and groceries, 158 Lake st. house La- salle st. near Lake (Sec card) Sherman, Orin, of S. 6c Pitkin, house Clark st Sherman 6c Pitkin, dry goods and groceries v 107 Lake st Sherm.in, R. D. agent, J3. F. Sherman, h Clark st. b Mad. 6c Mon Sherman, W. G. clerk, at Sherman 6c Pitkin's, res O. Sherman's Sherry, Thomas, clerk, at Eddy 6c Brother's Sherwood, Smith J. jeweler, 144 Lake st. house Lasalle st. b Washington and Madison sts (See card) Sherwood, Win. jr. jeweler, at S. J. Sherwood's, res same Shiimager, Joseph, bouse corner Lnsalle and Ohio sts Shoemaker, Coonrod, sailor, h near N. Water, Dearb. and Wolcott Shoemaker, Joseph, mason, house 5th ward Shollar, A. grocer, 209 Lake street Short, Jacob, farmer, house near Franklin and Water sts Short, Mrs. house Washington st. b Lasalle and Wells sts Shiittlar, Krist, laborer, house Illinois st. b Pine and Sand sts Sliurll ir, Peter, wnjon maker, h Illinois st. b Pine and Sand sts Sicar 6c Co. groceries, and boarding house, N. Water st. n Dearb Sinclair, Leu is (i. painter, h Lasalle st. b Lake and Randolph sts Simpson, John, mason, house Canal st. b Adams atid Jackson sts Simpson, mason, house Monroe st. b Clinton and Jefferson Skinner, C. of S. 6c Smith, Mansion House, 8(> Lake st Skinner, Mark, of Beaumont & S. house Illinois st. b Dear 6c Wol Skinner 6c Smith. Mansion House. Hij Lake street (See card) Slater, J. E. warehouseman, at Newberry 6c Dole's Slayton, John L. farmer, h b Wells and Franklin Sir u man, W. H. shoemaker at C. & J. Sa liter's Slocum, Edward L. druggist, res H. B. Clarke's Sniale, William, carpenter, house Monroe st ,'ld ward Small, William, blacksmith. North Water street Smith, Andrew, him. nn>r. head Lake st h Clark b Mon 6c Adams Smith, Abial, printer. Deiri. Office, re* Lake Street House Smith, Benjamin, tailor, cor Cl.uk and Lake sts h No. 2 Mor Row Smiili & B allingall, attorneys at law, Clark st. Harmon 6c Looinis's Buildings (See card) Smith, Christopher, teamster, h Adams, West of Clark 56 SMITH STEARNS. • Smith, Chas. A. clerk at B. F. Sherman's Smith, C. B. pastor Taber. Baptist Church, h Mrs. Merriam's Smith, C. D. clerk at G. S. Hubbard'*, h Dearborn street Smith, David S. physician, Clark st. hLasalle, op. 1st Bap. Church (See card) Smith, Elijah, of H. 6c E. Smith, h Ohio st. b Dear and Wolcott Smith, George, of O. S. 6c Co. res City Hotel Smith, George 6c Co. private baukers and exchange brokers, Bank Buildings (See card) Smith, Henry, ol H. 6c E. Smith, h Ohio st. b Dearb and Wolcott Smith, H. 6c E. dry goods and groceries, 146 Lake st (See card) Smith. Hiram B. tinsmith at Win. Wheeler's, h cor Lake & Wells Smith, James, shoemaker, at David Jay's Smith, J. A. clerk at L. P. Sanger 6c Co.'s house Lake street Smith, John E. clerk at B. F. Sherman's Smith, J. F. of Skinner 6c S., Mansion House Smith, John L. clerk at Humphreys 6c Winslow's Smith, Johu M. hatter, at L. P. Sanger 6c Co.'s h Clark street Smith, , shoemaker, at J. B. Mitchell's Smith, J. T. auctioneer at J. Bates', jr. res same Smith, Michael, laborer, West of Clark South of First sts Smith, Michael, at S. Cobb's Smith, Nicholas, laborer, house 2d ward Smith, Orson, city collcc, marsh., st com. 6c health offi. h Wab st. Smith, S. Lisle, attorney at law, h cor Michigan and Rush sts Smith, S. P. clerk at Gurnee 6c Matteson's, res Mrs. Haight's Smith, Thos. teamster, h Wells st b Randolph and Washington Smith, Tru'opiulus W. of S. 6c Ballingall, Clark st near S. Water Smith, William, carpenter, res Mrs. Post's Smith, W. W. clerk at S.J. Surdam's Snell, William Otis, blacksmith. North Water st near Wolcott Snider, Jacob, currier, at Gurnee 6c Matteson's Snow, G. W. lumber merchant, South Water st. h State st Snoiv, Ira, teamster Snowhook, W. B. grocer, Clark st. n S Water st. h Kinzie, 6th ward Sofltje, Charles, teacher of music, res Jno. H. Kinzie Spllett, John, carpenter, b Adams near Jefferson st Soper, Palmer, sawyer, house Wells, b Rand and Washington sts Soraghan, John, teamster, h Michigan st. b Clark and Wells sts Spaulding, C. carpenter, b Wells st. b Washington and Madison sts Speer, I. clock and watch maker, cor Lake and Dearborn sts Speer, Thomas, tailor, at E. Smith's, h Wells st. b Wash 6c Mad Spence, John C hatter, at I. C. Stephens' Spencer, A. P. printer of the Better Covenant, Randolph st Sperry, Anson, law student, Beaumont 6c Skinner's Spring, Giles, of S. 6c Goodrich, b Adams st. b State and Clark sts Spring 6c Goodrich, attornies at law, 124 Lake st. 2d slory(Sce card) Squires, Nathan, of Fuller 6c S. h N. Water st. b Dear and Wol St.. Palais, Maurice de, Catholic clergyman, h c Mich Av 6c Madst Stains, Wm. F. at Henry Knight's Stanton, C. T. auction and commission mer res U. S. Hotel Sranton. D. D. at A. Gilbert's, res Mrs. Boyers* Stead, Francis, city drug store, 76 Lake st Stearns, L. at h. B. Good sell's STEARNS TALLMADCE. 57 Stearns, M. C. dry goods, Arc. 136 Lake si Stearns, William, mate of the propeller Independence Stein, Charles, of Strausel A: S. h Lasalle st near Lake Steel. J. II. b Lake st. b Water and Canal sts Stephens, I. C. hat, cap. and firr store, 108 Lake st (Sec card) Steth, Joseph, blacksmith, at I. Taylor's, res same Steven. Christian S. tailor, Clark, north Lake st Stevens S. tailor, Clark st. 4 doors north Lake st Stevens & Carpenter, dry goods, groceries, IfcG Lake st (Sec card) Stevens, E. C. Sievens, Geo. warehouseman, at Bristol A: Porter's Stevens, Henry, of S. A: Carpenter, res Sauganash Hotel Stevens, Geo. G. at Stevens ^-Carpenter's Stevens, William, h River st Stevens. William 15. blacksmith, Randolph st. n Clark st. h s:ime Stewart, E. A. watchmaker, S. Water st. b Clark and Dearborn sts Stewart, E. T. dry goods and groceries, 65 Lake st Stocc, Clemens, grocer, 149 Lake st. h same Stockton, John, carpenter, h Illinois st. b Pine and Sand sts Stone, II. O. dry goods and groceries, 114 Lake st. h Michigan st b Dearborn and Wolcott sis (Sic card ) Stone, Ira, waiter, New York House Stowe, II. M. foundry, (anal st. store Clark st. b South Water and Lake sts (Sec card) Stowe, W. II. at Stone's foundry, res Western Hotel Strait, Isaac, dry goods and groceries, Clark st. b S. Water & Lake Strang. G- shoe maker, h Lake st. 4th ward Stransel A: Stein, boot makers, Lasalle st. b Lake and Randolph sts Strode, James M. attorney at law, h Hand st. b Dear and Lake sts Stuart. A. clerk. Post Office, res Wm. Stuart's Slnarf. J. Jay, physician, opposite City Hotel, h Indiana st. n Wol Stuart, William, Post Master, h Ontario st. b Cass and Wolcott sts Sturjjes, B. R. car|>enter. res Western Hotel Sturtevant, Austin I), school teacher, res J. M. Underwood's Sturtevant. Noah, painter, at J. I. Dow's. h Market st Sullivan, Anthony, laborer, h North Water st. b Wol and Kin/.iests Suliiv in. Jeremiah H. constable, h N. \\ r ater, b Clark and Dear sts Sullivan, Michael, laborer, at Hubbard's Sullivan, Martin, laborer, at G. S. Hul>bard*s Sullivan, laborer. North Water st. near Franklin st Summirs, James, laborer, h Kin/.ie st. b Clark and Deaiborn sts Sunriker, Peter, tailor, at P. Newburgh's Suid.im, Dtiane, of Cook A: S. American Temperance House Surdain, S. .1. stoves. Arc l.'VJ Lake st Swain, Philip, tin smith, at Win. Wheeler's Sweet, C. grocery! North Water st Sweet A: Doolitlle, ( 'olumbian House. Wells st. b S Water A: Lake Swcnser, Even, laborer, at .1. B. Weir's S" ifl. \\. K. pawn broker, 10'J Lake st. he Wabash av. and Adam* sts (Src curd ) Swift, Elijah, pawn broker, 102 Lake st h Dearborn near Lake Sw'mson, Edwin, laborer, h North Water st. near Franklin Tallmadge, S. W. shoemaker, at W. II. Adams A: Co. h Clark st 58 TALLF.Y — TURNER. Talley, Alfred M. printer, house cor State and Talley sts Tarbox, C. K. clerk, at O. Lunt's, res J. B. Mitchell's Taylor, Ithrcam, blacksmith, Randolph st. house Wells sf. b Lake and Randolph sts (See card) Taylor, A. D. builder, house Michigan nve. b Lake and Randolph Taylor, Charles, merchant tailor, Clark st. house Canal st. b Wash- ington and Madison sts (Sec card) Taylor, Charles 11. currier, at Johonnett, Wells, 6c Co.'s Taylor, Dan, boot and shoe store, 120 Lake st Taylor, K. cottee house, South Wafer st. 2d ward Taylor, Francis H. tailor, house Canal st. 2d ward Taylor, F. jr. tailor, res F. H. Taylor's Taylor, H. saddle and harness maker, at S. B. Cobb's Taylor, John O. clerk, at Gurnee 6c Matteson's, h Monroe n Clark Taylor, Matthias, tailor, 131 Lake st. house cor Lake and Dearborn Taylor, Rueben, teamster, house 3d ward, near Randolph st Taylor, Solomon, boot and shoemaker, 1524 Lake st. house West Water st. b Randolph and Washington sts (See card) Taylor, Win. H. at Pan Taylor's, 120 L;ike st Teshner, Charles, saddle and harness maker, at C. E. Peck's Tew, George C. professor of phrenology, h near Episcopal Church (See card) Thirds, William, carpenter Thomas, B. W. clerk, at Lloyd, Blakesley, 6c Co.'s. res A. Lloyd's Thomas, H. J. printer, West. Cit. office, h State b Lake and Ran. Thomas 6c Wheelock, Washington Collcc House, Tremont House (See card) Thompson, G. C. at Stowe's foundry, res Western Hotel Thompson. Leonard W. carpenter, house 3d ward, S. of Jackson Thompson, Joseph, caulker, house Adams st. b Clark and Lasalle Thompson, Tho. C. ship carpenter, h Mon. st. b Clark and Lasalle Thompson, W. G. clerk, at N. & F. Tuttle's, res Tremont House Thompson, William, laborer, house North Water st. 2d ward Thrill, E. I v clerk, at C Walker 6c Co.'s Tierman. Hugh, waiter Mansion House Tilden, Joel, res Mrs. Lambert's Tittiiley, Michael teamster, at A. S. Sherman's Tinkham, Edward I. clerk, at Geo. Smith 6c Co.'s res City Hotel Tinkham, R. H. clerk, at King's, res Washington Hall Timonev, Patrick, brewer, at J. Carney's Todd, Lewis H. carpenter, at Cruver 6c Sanser's Toohv. Dennis, laborer, house N. Water st. b Dearb. and Wolcott Towner, N. K. clerk, at Ballentine 6c Sherman's Townsend, E. II. clerk, at B. F. Sherman's Tripp. Robinson, carpenter, house Clark st. b Wash, and Madison Truesdell. Geo. \V. clothier, house Cass st. b Ills, and Indiana sts Tucker, Philo, stage driver, at Frink, Walker. & Co. Tucker. Thos. E. cooper, S. Water st. h Madison, head Franklin Tuller, William G. of Bracken 6c T. res Sauganash/ Hotel Tupper, Chester, house mover, house Wash, b Dearb. and Clark Turner, Charles, of R. L. 6c C. Turner Turner, J. 6c L. livery stable. Wolcott st. near North W T ater st Turner, J. of J. 6c L. Turner, house Wolcott st Turner, John M. captain propeller Independence, h Franklin st TURNER — WALTON. 59 Tumor, R. L. <5c C. wlieelriehte, Wolcott st. nenr North Water st Turner, J. 15. at Tremonl House Tuttle, Frederick, of N. & F. Tuttle, re* Am. Temp. House Tuule, L. C clerk I'ost Oifice, res Mr*. (Jreen's Tuttle, Nel»on, of N. & F. T. res Tremonl House 'Puttie, N. A: F. dry poods and groceries, (>8 Lake st Tyler, E. draper and tailor, cor Lake and Stale Ms Underbill, E. R. wagon maker, at Perkins & Fenton's, h Clinton st Underwood, John M. lumber merchant, ollice cor Lake and West Water sis, li Canal st. .b Washington and Madison sis Updike, P. L. builder, house Rand st. b Clark and Dearborn sts Vander Cook, C. R. clerl< at Botsford A Recrs, res City Hotel V;iu Dre/.er, K. Eagle Tavern, Dearborn st Van Gaasbeck, T. L. clerk IL O. Stone's Vauosdcl, Jesse, carpenter, at J. M. Vmiosdel's Vanosdul, John M. of i.l ranger & Y\ h Indiana st. h Dear o. Wol Vauosdcl, Win. C. carpenter, h N. Water st. b Wol and Kinzie Van Sickle, James II. tailor, at Benedik's Van Vlaek, Hubert 1>. carpenter, li Wells. st. b Rand and Wash st* Van Wattenwylle, (J. A. F. physician, 'J10 Lake st. res same Vaughn, Edward, laborer, at (J. S. Hubbard's Velvershet, Irion, cabinet maker, lid ward Vial. , laborer, at S. Marsh's Vincent, , res Randolph st. b Dearborn atid Slate sts Waddington. John, laborer, at Curnec A* Mattesoii's Wadhams, Se.ili, clerk Ryerson A: Blaikie's, res Tremont House Wadsuortll. E. S. tV J. dry goods and groceries, 113 Lake st (See ViTti) Wad: worth, E. S. of E. S. 6i J. W. h c Wash, and Randolph sts Wadsworth, J. of E. S. A: J. \V\ res City Hotel Waggotmer, Harmon, carriage painter, h .Mich st. b Wol A Dear W;i«iii't, Mrs. house c Wells and Randolph sts W.dil, Frederick, clergyman, Cerman Kiangelieaf Church Wait, John, blacksmith, at H. Chanman's. res New York House W.iif. Washington, laborer, K. A. Stuart's WaMie, William, carprnter. North Water st. near Franklin st W.ildron, Hiram, wagon maker, at Win. H. Howard's Walker, Almond, of C. Walker A: Co. S. Water sLb State and Dear Walker, C- & Co. dry goods, <:ro. leather, A'C. S. Water st. b State and Dearborn sts (See vartl) Walker. Mrs. K. A. North Water st. b Chirk and Dearbon sts Walker. Martin O. of Frink, Walker, & Co. h State st. b Lake and H in. lol fit sts Walker, S IL dry goods and groceries, 145 Lake st (Sre card) Walker, Wm. F. rector St. James church, res City Hotel Wallace. Edward (^. carpenter and join, res Horatio Cooke's Walter, K. Walter, (Jasper, grocar. .Clark st. b Lake and S. Water sts, h same Walter, J. C. of II. Norton & Co. res K. Waller's Walters, . in store ofT. Church \Yalton,. Nelson C. store S. Water st.h Kmzic st. b Dear and Wul 60 WALTON — WHITING. Walton. J. W. dry goods and groceries, South Water st Wllter 6c Keilman, tailors, Clark st Ward, B- C. cleik at Mosely & McCord's Ward, Ceo. L. receiver laud office, 96-4 Lake st. res City Hotel Ward, James, mason, house Randolph st Wird Mrs. res near North Branch Bridge, 5th ward "Ware, Joseph K. hoot and shoe maker, Clark si (See card) Warner, Ceo. blacksmith, h WolcoU si. b N. \V«tcr and Kinzic sts Warner, Herman, dry goods and gro. c Lake and Wells sts Warner, Samuel M. carpenter, house Kiny.ie St. b Ca6s and Rush Warner, William, Cm mill maker. Canal st. b £ake and Water sts Warren, , shoe maker, res Henry Howard's Warmer, Mrs. school teacher, till I ward Warmer, Wells, clerk at John Gage's, South Water st Warring, Klias, teamster, house b Wells and Frank in sts Waters, Benjamin, carpenter, res Wabash st. near Monroe st Watson, A. carpenter, house Adams st. b Canal and Clinton sts Waughop. J. W. tailor, at B. Smith's, res J. Rockwell's Webster. J. B., U. S. Army, res Capt. Johnson's Weber, Ignacc, clerk at J. B. Busch's, Clark st Weeks, John, chemist, house i?0?4 Lake st Weeks, John S. brick maker, at Wood &c Ogden's Weir, John B. cabinet maker, 186 Lake *t. house same (See card) Weis, Frederick, of Pfund & Co. h Kinzie st. b Lasalle and Wells Welch, John, house 1st ward. South Jackson st Welch. William, laborer, h Clark st. b N. Water and Kinzie sts Welch, Thomas, laborer x Weller, Ccorge, buicher. house above Dutch Settlement Weller, John J. above Dutch Settlement, Pearson's house Wells. Andrew S. of Johonnctt W. A: Co. h Rand st. b Lasallc and Wells WflK Klis.ba, carpenter, c Wolcoft and Kcnzie st. house Illinois st Wslls, H. G. clerk at Wm. Wheelers, h J,akc st. b Frank & Wat Welles, H. W. agent Farmers' and Mech* Bank, ofhee V22 Lake st. up stairs, res City Hotel WVntworth, (ieo. W. ast. editor Chicago Democrat, res U. S. Hotel Went worth, John, ed. pro. and pub. Chicago Dcm. 107 Lake 9t. res City Hotel x (See card) Wescott «Jc Steel, Western Coffee House, c Dear, and S. Water sts Wcsencntft, ('has. carpenter anil wagon maker, c Clin and Monroe Wesencraft, Wm. painter, cor Clinton and Monroe sts Wheeler, Wm. A: Oo. bard ward, c\:c. 145 Lake st. (See card) Wheeler, Win. of W. W. & Co. Ijouse 115 L >ke st Wheeler, William, boot and shoe maker. Claik st near Lake White, Alexander, painter, 105 Lake st. h Wells, b Rand and Wash (SeeenrJ) White. Christopher, at Turner's livery stable White, Frederick, baker, Clark st. house Madison street White, Isaac, butcher at Reynold's White, Patrick, laborer, house Randolph street Whiting, J. T. of Whiting, Mairill cV: Co., r W. L. Whiting's N Whiting, Magill cv Co. forwarding und commission merchants, N. Water street (See cord) Whiting, William L. of W. Magill & Co. h Ontario, b Cass enter, house State st Gauglcr, Morris, cabinet maker, house Dutch Settlement Gancr, Austin, gardener, house 44 " Gill. Kdmund, tailor, house Ohio st. b Clark and Dearborn sts Gill, H. F. teamster, res Edmund Gill's Gillcn, Jacob, tailor, house Dutch Settlement Gilsoii, William, laborer, house Dutch Settlement Greenwood. Theophilus S. house Ontario st. b Dearborn and Wol Hahn, Adam, teamster, house Dutch Settlement Haight, Isaac, Tanner, at Gurnee A: Matteson's Harbarn, Matthias, shoemaker, house Dutch Settlement Heinle. «nn, A. W. principal of Chi. Fern. Sem. res Mrs. Green's Hissey, William, store corner Randolph and Market sts Hull". Matthias, laborer, house Dutch Settlement Humphrey, J. O. Intelligence Office, Clark st. opposite Saloon, over J. B. F. Rus- sell's Land Office Johnson. James, drayman, house Wabash st Johnson, William, tanner, at Gurnee Ac Matteson's Kaphalm, Godfrey, laborer, house Dutch Settlement Kastlcr, Nicholas, shoemaker, house Dutch Settlement Kautenburger, Peter, laborer, •• " '* Kellogir, C. I'. stage agent, Tillotson, II. cv Co. res Trcmont House Knap, I lem v, laborer, h Dutch Settlement Labinbridge, Nicholas, laborer, li Dutch Settlctnent Larson, A i id ie\v, teamster, h " " Lap'm, Richard, laborer, h M " Latwiek, Simon, cooper, house 4 * " Lawrence. ( I. W. Lobeke. William, laborer, house 5th ward Loux, Matthias, laborer, house Dutch Settlement Loux, Peter, blacksmith, " •• Mack, Finnan, shoe maker at Adams', li Madison st, 1st ward Mann, Tiehnan, laborer, house Dutch Settlement Markeson. Ola, earpentei, house " " McCabe. John, tanner, at Gurnee Ac Matteson's McCatily, Patrick, laborer, house Dutch Settlement MeComas, Samuel J. teacher, school and li nearly op. Sauganash 64 MCDONALD— TOOGOOD. McDonald, Dennis, sailor, house Dutch Settlement McLean, Thomas, laborer, house *• ** McWilliams, James, Mudge, Colby, blacksmith, at Pierce's Muller, Matthias, laborer, house Dutch Settlement Neudorf, Nicholas, laborer, house Dutch Settlement Nickerson, John, captain schooner Wave, house Dutch Settlement Oakes, — — , house and sign painter, res Mansion House Oberhart, Joseph, laborer, house Dutch Settlement Paintor, Mathias, laborer, house Dutch Settlement Palm, John, laborer, house * 4 " Palmeter, David, house S. Water st Patrie, Philip, blacksmith, house Dutch Settlement Peacock & Thatcher, gunsmiths, 1554 Lake st Pierce, John, sailor, house Dearborn st, 1st ward Pomerov, T. S. at the Ciiy Hotel Pope, John, butcher, at Reynold's Post Office, E;ist side of Clark b Lake and Randolph sts Praler, Adam, laborer, house Dutch Settlement Prendeville, Maurice, laborer, house Dutch Settlement Price, Jeremiah, house S. Water st, b Lasalle and Wells Reading Room, in the Saloon, 2d story, entrance Clark st Receiver's Office, 98$ Lake st, 2d story Register's Office, !)2 Lake st. 2d story Revenue Office, Clark st op. City Saloon Reynolds, E. G. res Clark st, Morrison's Row Reynolds, George W. clerk nt E. Reynolds Rice, John P. house State street Ritchie, Alexander, blacksmith, at Pierce's Root, , carpenter, house Dearborn, b Mad and Monroe 9ts Schenk, Henry, laborer, house Dutch Settlement Schmidt, Mathias, carpenter, house " " Scruder, Marcus, tanner at (Jinnee and Matteson's Seger, Joseph, waterman, Dutch Settlement Shelby, Daniel, Capt,. house Adams st Sherwood, R. N. teacher of penmanship, res Mrs Post's Snook, Samuel, carpenter, Dearborn st, 1st ward Smith, Barney, butcher, house Michigan av and Madison st. Spar, Andrew, stone mason, house near Rush st and Chicago a* Staflen, Nicholas, laborer, house Dutch Settlement Stage Office (General) cor Lake and Dearborn sts Starkweather, C. Robt. ast. P. M. h State st, b Wash and Mad Stowell, E. C. agent General Stage Office, h Michigan av Tappan, A. W. clerk at J. B. Irvin A: Co's Taylor, Joseph S. res American Temperance House Ties, Matthias, teamster, house Dutch Settlement Toogood, William, farmer, house Michigan av. VAS3ETT— WHEELER. g- Vassett, George, laborer, house Dutch Settlement Veysel, Jacob, house 1st ward Vogt, John, laborer, Dutch Settlement Walker, Doliver, saddler, Lake st. near Tremont, h State st Wandall, John, house State st Warner, Seth P. blacksmith, shop cor Randolph and State st* Weber, Henry, teamster, house Dutch Settlement Webster, Hugh, carpenter, house Clark st 1st ward Webster, Thomas, carpenter, house State st near Jackson Weller, George, teamster, house Dutch Settlement Weller, John, teamster, house ** t4 Wheeler, A. B. tobacconist and cigar maker, Dearb. near Lake st GENERAL INTELLIGENCE AIHO AGENCY OFFICE, By J. W. NORRIS, Clark Sireet, opposite the Saloon, (over Russell's Land Office,) Where situations will be procured for persons seeking different kinds of employment; clerks, book-keepers, overseers, school teachers, mechanics, and laborers. Cooks waiters, porters, nurses, servant uirls, Arc. 4cc. promptly supplied with places. Also infor- mation given of property to be rented, and tenants obtained for the same. Agf.ncif.s of all kinds promptly and faithfully attended to. ConREcTF.n Kkoistf.koftiie Inhabitans, of the City, in connec- tion with the (General Directory at all times accessible to the public. New names enrolled and changes' of business or residence inserted without any charge. STATISTICS OF CHICAGO. COMMON COUNCIL. MAYOR. AUGUSTUS GARRETT. ALDERMEN. First Ward. Second Ward. Third Ward. Cyrenus Beers, Jason McCoril, Charles Taylor, Hu^h T. Dickey. Charles Sauter. A/.cl Peck. Fourth Wnr4. Fifth Ward. Sixth Ward. John Murphy, Samuel Greer. George W. Dole, John Cruver. Joseph Marback. OFFICERS OF THE CORPORATION. James M. Lowe, Clerk, Orson Smith, Marshal. Walter S. Guruec, Treasurer, Orson Smith, Collector, Henry 13 row n, Attorney, \V. H. Brown, School Agent, Orson Smith, Street Gommis. S. D. Child s, Seal. Wts, & Ms. Asa F. Bradley, Surveyor, Chicago Democrat, Offi. Paper. Bd ward. — Rev. Abraham Hanson and Rev. Luke Hitch- cock, Pastors. Number of congregation, GOO. Numjber of com- municants, 275. Bethel Society — Building erecting near Kinzie and North Wa- ter streets. — Rev. W. Rowlatt, Pastor. Evangelical Association. ((Herman) Wabash street, corner Monroe street. — Rev. Frederick Wahl, Pastor. Number of congregation, 50. Number of communicants, 30. German Lutheran Association Church, Illinois street, 5th ward. Society of the New Jerusalem — no regular ministry — meetings for the present, in the City Saloon. Sunday Schools are attached to most of these denominations. CATHOLIC LIBRARY SOCIETY. Library at the Catholic Church. George Brown, President. A. M. Talley, Vice President. C. McDonnell, Secretary. James Carney, Treasurer. James Kelly, Librarian. STATISTICS OF CHICAGO. C9 CHICAGO BIBLE SOCIFTY. William H. Brown, President. T. B. Carter. Secretary. G. W. Merrill, Treasurer. CHICAGO SACRED MUSIC SOCIETY. Instituted February 13, 1812. 15. W. Raymond, President. Seth P. Warner, C. A. Collier, Directors. Bcnj. Smith, Secretary. T. B. Carter, Treasurer. S. Sawyer, W. II. Brown, E. Smith, Executive Committee. WASHINGTON TEMPERANCE SOCIETY. Number of Members, 1100. L. C. Kcrcheval, President. T. W. Smith, 1st Vice President. — John Davis, 2d Vice President Luther Nichols, 3d Vice President. 11. L. Rucker, Recording Secretary. John L. Smith. Assistant Secretary. James Curtis, Corresponding Secretary. James L. Howe, Treasurer, B. W. Raymond aifd Win. Harmon, Managers. CATH.OL1C TOTAL ABSTINENCE SOCIETY. Number of Members, 500. Under the direction of the Catholic clergy. MARINERS TEMPERANCE SOCIETY. Instituted July 10th, 1312. — Number of Members, 071 G. A. Robb. President. Grant Goodrich, Vice President. Capt. Henry Gortncy, Secretary. Capt. G. Peterson, A. B. Gould, D. Mclutosh, Floating Committee. Sam'l Gerome, J. Preudcrville, T. F. HuntcV, II. Smith, and J. Lawson, Vigilance Committee. JUNIOR WASHINGTON TEMPERANCE SOCIETY. Organised March 11, Ig43. No. of Mdmbcrs 1 18. OKKICKRS. Edward A., Rucker, President, Edward Mmi'v, 1st Vice President, Alfred Scrauton, Jd Vice President, - William Wavmau. 3d Vice President, David I), (iriswold, Rciording Secretary, James A. Mauling, Assistant Secretary, Asa Covey, Corresponding Secretary, William II. Seoville, Tr« asurer. Reuben l>. I Icacock, ) , r Richard II. Morey, \ lm MASONIC LODGE. Corner of Clark and South Water streets, third story. 70 STATISTICS OF CHICAGO. CHICAGO LYCEUM. Instituted December 2d, 1834. — Incorporated Feb. 27th, 1839. ■ , President. Mark Skinner, William Jones, S. W. Mcacham, G. W. Meeker. J. 13. Weir, Vice Presidents. George Manierre, Secretary- | J. H. Foster, Treasurer. Wm. H. Kennicott, Librarian. There is a Library of 400 volumes belonging to this Lyceum. YOUNG MEN'S ASSOCIATION. Organized 1841. — Number of Members, 20G. S. T. Otis. President. I. N. Arnold, 1st Vice Prest. — Win. M. Larrabec, 2d Vice Prest. A. Gilbert, Recording Secretary. D. S. Lee, Coresponding Secretary. C. R. V. Cook, Treasurer. A. Gilbert, J. M. Underwood, C. Mann, S. W. Goss, L. P. Ilil- liard, J. E. Brown, Managers. Reading Room and Library of the Association, in the Saloon, second story, entrance Clark street. Public lectures arc provided for by the rules of the Association, and are had regularly during the winter months. From the rules of the Association : "Any member may have the privilege of introducing strangers to the rooms of the Association, by reeistering their names in a boo!.- to be kept for that purpose; and such strangers shall have free access to the rooms of the Asso- ciation for two weeks after such introduction. "Any person may have access to the rooms of the Association, by paying therefor fifty cents per month." MECHANICS' INSTITUTE. Organized February 23d, 1842. — Incorporated 1813. Number of Members, 173. Ira Miltimore President. J. M. Adsit, 1st Vice President. — G F. Foster, 2d Vice President. J. B. Weir. Recording Secretary. John Gage, Corresponding Secretary. J. II. Hodgson. Treasurer. Horatio Cook, Librarian. C. M. Gray, Assistant Librarian. J. Milliken, I. Speer, E. I), Bates, B. Bailey. E. Smith, Directors. Hall of the Mechanics' Institute, 6uJov,n Buil-ii igs, third story. Entrance, Clark street. The Mechanical Department of the Prairie Farmer, John Cage, Editor, is under the direction of the Institute. The Library Room of the Institute,, in an adjoining room. An accession has recently been made to this library. CHICAGO REPEAL ASSOCIATION. Wm. B. E»an, President. L. C. Kereheval, Vice-President. Charles McDonnell, See'y. II. L. Rnckcr, Corresponding Ser'y. James Carney, Treasurer. STATISTICS or CHICAGO. t YOUNG MEN'S LYCEUM. Instituted 25th September, 1343. David D. Gnswold, President. Edwin C. Stowe, Vice- President. W'm. H. Scoville, Secretary. Edward Mftrey, Treasurer. HYDRAULIC COMPANY. CAPITAL, 3200,000. PRESIDENT, Buckner S. Morris. DIRECTOR*. B. W. Raymond, W. S. Curnce, S. E. Gale, S. J. Sherwood. L. C. I'. Freer, Sec'y. Alex. Brand, Treasurer. Applications for water to be made lo S. J. Sherwood, 14-1 Lake st. UNION AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. TRESintNT, Lewis Ellsworth, of Du Page. VIC K-rRKS!I>KNTS, Scth Washburn, of Lake, Sinnifl Goodrich, of Du P i<;e. Win. Vanorsdol, of Mellcnry, Robert Siroug, of Will, Shephard Johnston, of Kane, James McClcllan, of Kendall, Joseph Vial, of Cook, M. L. Dnnlap, of Cook, Recordinj Secretary. E. W. Hrowstrr, of Kane, Corresponding Secretary. M. 11. Demmond, of Will, Treasurer. COMMITTEE P>( FAIRS, Robert Strong, William Smith. Chester Ingersoll, Ldward Perkins, all of Will. J. A. (tooriins, Olftceoof ^rauic Farmer 112 Lake street. NEWSPAPER OFFICES, AND PUBLICATION DAYS. BETTER COVENANT, Saturday, Randolph street, between Wells and Franklin sts. Scth Rarnes, editor and proprietor. CHICAGO DEMOCRAT, Wednesday, 107 Lake street. John Wentwor'h, editor and proprietor, CHICAGO EXPRESS, daily, Tuesday, weekly, 98 Lake st. Wm. W. P»r:iekctl. editor and proprietor. NORTH-WESTERN BAPTIST, semi-monthly, Tuesday, 124 Lake st. I. N. Powell, editor. PRAIRIE FARMER, monthly, U2 Lake street. John S. Wright and J. Ambrose Wi^ht, editors. J. S. Wright, proprietor. WESTERN CITIZEN. Thursday, 124 Lake street. '/,. East- man and Asa B. Brown, editors. ROOK AND JOR. PRINTING OFFICE. Ellis 6: Fergus, Clark street, Suloou'Ruildings, corner Lake st. I STATISTICS OF CHICAGO. POST OFFICE. clark street, west side, between lake and randolph sts. Wm. Stuart, Post-Master. A weekly mail from the East, was received here on horseback in 1832 — J. N. Bailey being Post-master. The next year, it was re-t ceived in a one horse wagon, weekly — J. S. C. Hogan, Post-master. In 1833, a two horse wagon was substituted. In 1834, a four horse stage line was established, semi-weekly — tri-weekly, in 1835. In 1837, there was a daily Eastern mail — Sidney Abel, Post-master. There are now received and made up at this office, 48 mails weekly, and the receipts of the office amount to about 810,000. The fol- lowing statement will show the number of mails received at this time, and the present Post Office arrangements : Great Eastern arrives during Lake navigation, daily, except Tues- day, by 4 A. M. Closes daily/except Monday, at 8£ A. M. During suspension of navigation arrives daily, except Monday, by 4 A. M. Closes daily, except Sunday, at 84 A. M. Michigan Cilv Laud Mail during Lake navigation arrives every Wednesday by 10, A. M. Closes every Wednesday at 2, P. M. Southern via Peoria arrives daily except Mondays by 7, P. M. Closes daily except Sunday at S, P. M. Dixon via Annua from 1st of April to 1st November, Arrives Sunday, Wednesday and Friday by 6', A. M. Closes Monday, Wednesday and Friday at 8 : P. M. From 1st November to 1st April, Arrivr* Tuesday, Thursday rfnd Saturday by fi, P. M* Closes Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday at 8, P. M. Galena via Kockford from 1st April to 1st December, Arrives Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday by 8, P. M. Closes Sunday," Tuesday and Friday at 8, P. M. From 1st December to 1st April, Arrives Sunday, Wednesday and Friday by f>, P~M. Clones Monday, Wednesday and Friday at S 1*. M. Milwaukie (Wis.) arrives Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday by 5, P. M. Closes Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday at S, P. M. Janesvijle (Wis.) via Mcllcnrv, 111. a.r lives Wednesday by 3, P. M. Closes Thursday at 9, A. M. Thornton via Blue Island arrives every Tuesday by 4, P. M. Closes every Wednesday at J), A. M. Office closed at 8, P. M. Office open From March 1st to May 1st at 7$, A. M. May 1st to September 1st at 7. A. M. 44 September 1st to November 1st at 74, A. M. »• November 1st to March 1st at 8, A. M. On Sundays From October 1st to April 1st from 8* to 9£ A. M. and 4 to 5, P. M. •• April 1st to October 1st from 8 to 9 A. M. and 5 to G, P. M. STATISTICS OF CHICAGO. 73 CHICAGO FIRE COMPANIES. A. S. Sherman, Chief Engineer. S. F. Gale, 1st Assistant. — A. Loyd, 2d Assistant. ENGINE COMPANY, NO. 1. A. Gilbert, Foreman. — G. F. Foster. Asssistant Foreman. J. Calhoun, Clerk and Trcasuser. A. Calhoun, Steward. ENGINE COMPANY, NO. 2. Saoford Johuson, Foreman. — Ira B. Colman, Assistant Foreman. A. D. Sturtevant, Secretary and Treasurer. ilOES COMPANY, NO. 1. This is a new company. No election of officers has yet beeu had. HOOK AND LADDER COMPANY, NO. 1. J. W. Hooker, Foreman. — S. P. Warner. Assistant Foreman. J. L. Hanson, Secretary and Treasurer. J. Price, Assistant Secretary. CHICAGO FIRE BUCKET COMPANY, NO. 1. S. A. Lowe, Foreman. — F. T. Sherman, Assistant Foreman. \V. H. Jones, Clerk and Treasurer. CHICAGO FIRE GUARD. G. A. Rol)b, Foreman. — L. M- Boycc, Assistant Foreman. D. S. Lee, Secretary. — J. C. Haines, Treasurer. Ira Couch, Steward. military companies. Chicago Guards. J. B. E- Russell, Captain. W. fa. Larrabee, 1st Lieutenant. F. Howe, 2d Lieutenant. S. F. Gale, 3d Lieutenant. CHICAGO CAVALRY. J. Y. Sanger. Captain. S. N. Davis, 1st Lieutenant. C. E. Peck, 2d Lieutenant. J. G. Wicker, 3d Lieutenant J. L- Howe, Cornet. C. L. P. Ilogau, Orderly Sergeant. MONTGOMERY GURADS. P. Kelly, Captain. W. B. Snowhook, 1st Lieutenant. H. Cunningham, 2d Lieutenant. M. O Brien, 3d Lieutenant. 74 STATISTICS Or CHICAGO. RUSH MEDICAL COLLEGE. Incorporated by the Legislature of Illinois, in 1837. BOARD OF TRUSTEFS. \VM. B. OGDEN. Esq., President. CSRANT GOODRICH, Esq.. Secretary. Theos. W. Smith, Ksq. Mark Skinner, Esq. James 11. Collins, Esq. John Gage, Esq. Justin Butterfieid. Esq. Julius Wadsworth, Esq. E. S. Kimberly. M. I). H. T. Dickey, Esq. lion. John I). Caton, Walter L. Newberry, Esq. Rev. S. S. Whitman, Geo. \V. Snow. Esq'. John II. kinz.e. Esq. N. B. Judd, Esq. E. I). Taylor. Esq. Hon. Thomas Ford. Governor, ) Hon. John Moore, Lt. (Governor. \ Ex Officio. Hon. Sam'l Hackleton. Speaker II, R. ) F A C f I. T Y . DANIEL BRAINARD, M. D. Professor of Anatomy and Surgery. JAMES V. Z. BLANK Y, M. D. Professor of Chemistrv and Materia Medica. JOHN McLEAN, M. D. Professor of the Theory and Practice of Medicine. M. L. KNAPP, M. P. Professor of Obstetrics and Diseases of Women and Children. A. W. DAVISSON, Prosector to the Professor of Anatomy. The annual course of Lectures for the first session, commenced on Monday, Hcccmher 1th, 1^-13, and will continue sixteen weeks. The subsequent courses will commence on the 1st Monday of No- vember. The fees are as follows: Anatomy and Surgery, 8'«?0; C*hcmi«try and Materia Medica, $"20; Theory and Practice of Medi- cine, Si''; Obstetrics and Diseases of Women and Children, J>10; Dissceting ticket. £.") ; Graduation fee, 820. The requirements for graduation are. three years study with a respectable physician, two courses of lectures, one of which mint be in this institution (or two years practice will be received in lieu of one course). The candidate must be vM years of age, of good moral character, must present a thesis on some medical suljeet of his own composition, and in his own hand writing, which shall be approved by the faculty ; and pass a satisfactory examination on all the branches taught in this College. Good board and room can be obtained in Chicago at from §1.50 to $2 per week. This institution is now in successful operation. CITY DTSPENSARY. This Institution was opened in connection with the Rush Medioal College, for the purpose of affording relief to the indigent, and prac- tical instruction to medical students. It is located in the wooden building on the east side of Clark street, near the bridge. Open Mondays, Tuesdays, and Fridays, from FJ to 94 o'clock. It is sup- ported by voluntary contributions of benevolent persons. STATISTICS OP CHICAGO. 13 COMMON SCHOOLS. INSPECTORS. William Jones, Mark Skinner, J. Young Scammon, Wm. H. Brown, George W. Meeker, A. D. Taylor, A. Gctzler, Wm. H. Browo, Agent and Treasurer of the School Fund. TKACHF.RS. District 1, School 1. S. C. Bennett, No. of Scholars. 97 ♦• l, *» 2. Miss M. B. Bennett, " 75 •♦ !>, M 1. A. D. Sturtevant, •• 330 M 2, ** 2. Miss V. C. Freer, M 70 •• 3, "1. Francis Field, 4t 131 ** 4, " 1. A. G. Wilder. " 130 - 4, M 2. Mrs. M. R. Warner, M 110 «• 4, " 3. Miss M. Smith, •• 75 CHICAGO FEMALE SEMINARY. INSTITUTED 1843. Rev. A. W. HENDERSON, A. M., Principal. Tmf object of this Institution is to give young Ladies a thorough, practical education, to develop and mould the character, cultivate the manners, anil form correct habits. A Teacher's Department is connected with the Seminary. It is located on the corner of Clark and Washington streets. BOARD OF VISITORS. Rev. F. Rascom, W. H. Brown, Esq. Rev. R. W. Patterson, Hon. 1. N. Arnold, Hon. B. W. Raymond, Hon. S. Hoard, II. Brown, Esq. Gramt Goodrich, Esq. J. 11. Collins, Esq. POPULATION OF THE CITY OF CHICAGO, ACCORDING TO T11K CEXSCrt Taken by J. W. Norms, August 1st, 1843, under the authority of tin* Common Council; .together with a comparison of this with tin* census of former periods. R km Vitus. — The following census was taken with creat eare and accuracy, all persons not permanently residing in the City being, in every instance, excluded. The population of the place might have been made much larger than it appears to be, by the result of this census, undoubtedly 8,500, by including a class of transitory persons which it is customary to compute as a part of the popula- tion of cities ; hut it was thought advisable to base the present census upon a permanent foundation; the census of subsequent periods will then show the actual^ amount of increase. By transitory per- sons, are to lie understood persons not having a permanent resi- dence in either of the wards of the Ciry, and persons living here but absent for the time being— by natives of other countries, those actually born abroad, and uot their descendants, who are included 76 STATISTICS OP CHICAGO. among the natives of this country. It is proper to remark, that a great increase of population has taken place since the date of this census. The present population exceeds 8000. T *2 *2 •E 1 ■E m tn (8 « P <• * * * * * * "« M T3 3 M •5 <-> o VH CM ^P *o <0 Hales 10 years of age and under, 245 284 57 65 100 257 1008 Over 10 and under 21, 146 133 41 36 63 143 562 Over 21 and under 45, 627 614 130 102 155 439 2067 Over 45 and under 60, 25 39 7 8 9 40 128 Over 60, 5 8 2 2 10 27 Total, 3792 Females 10 and under, 217 271 87 64 98 280 1017 Over 10 and under 21, 186 183 31 27 37 166 630 Over 21 and under 45, 398 384 94 73 106 338 1393 Over 45 and under 60, 27 29 7 6 11 36 116 Over 60, 7 7 1 1 2 16 34 Total, 3190 Colored males under 21, 2 6 4 12 Colored males over 21, 9 H 2 2 3 30 Colored females under 21 , 3 4 S 10 Colored females over 21, 2 9 2 13 Total, 65 Transient person?; 87 246 50 28 19 103 533 Number of Irish, 170 206 29 50 175 143 773 Germans and Norwegians , 104 217 32 21 90 352 816 Natives of other countries, 134 156 80 84 50 163 667 Grand Total, 7580 Whole number of Families, 1177. Population, 1840. 1843. ] Increase. 1st ward, 1197 1986 789 2d ward, 1407 S !231 764 3d ward, 251 509 258 4th ward, 179 414 235 5th ward, 436 600 164 6th ward, 1323 1840 517 Total, 4853 7580 2727 PORT OF CHICAGO. Skth John son, Defutt Collector and Inspector. Revenue Office, Clark street, opposite Saloon. The following tabular statements will exhibit, with an approach to STATISTICS Of CHICAGO. Tl accuracy, tlie amount and value of the trade of Chicago, to the close of the present year, 1843. A very serious difficulty has existed, heretofore, in ascertaining the actual amount of exports anil imports of the place, especially the exports, owinu to the fact, that a great many vessels arrive and depart, during ihc season of navigation, without being reported at the Custom House, or leaving any evi- dence of the character and amount of their cargoes. The existence of this difficulty was more particularly set forth in a memorial of the Common Council to Congress, in the year 1840, in which thev allow a deduction of one-third from the amount known, to lie added, for the amount unknown. It has been thought advisable, in the follow- ing 'statement, to give only the actual amount, as ascertained from record in the revenue ofhee, it being understood, from the above ex- planation, that the estimate is considerably below the tine amount: EXPORTS. IMPORTS. 1836*. S 1,000.04 183G. $325,203.00 1837. 11,005.00 1 837. 373,007.1* 1838. 10,044.75 1838. 570,174.01 183!). 33,843.00 1830. 030,080.20 1840. 228,035.74 1840. 502,100.20 1811. 348,302.24 1841. 504,347.88 184 2. 659,305.20 1842. 004,347.88 ARTICLES EXPORTED D URINC THE YEAR 1842. Wheat, 580,007 bushels. Flour, 2.020 bbls. Corn, 35,358 ».• Reef. 702 »• Oats, 53,480 " Pork and Hams, 15,4 17 »• Peas, 484 " Fish, 015 » Barley, 1,000 »• Lard, 367,200 lbs. Flax Seed, 750 " Tallow, 151,3D0 •» Hides, No. of 6,047 Soap, 2,400 m Brooms, No. of 5,587 Candles. 500 " Maple Sugar, 4,500 lbs. Tobacco, 3.000 » Lead, 50,000 " l> utter, 24,200 *• Feathers, 2,400 " Wool, 1,500 »• Furs and Peltries, 446 Packs. ARTICLES EXPORTED D URING THE YEAR 1843. Wheat 628,967 bushels Tobacco 74.000 pound, Corn 2,443 Lead 360,000 Oats 3,707 Wool 22.050 •» Flax seed 1 .020 Candles 4,000 » Pork 11,112 barrels Soap 5.:;oo •« Lard 2.8-23 Packages Furs 1 W.l Beef 10.380 Brooms 180 dozen Tallow 1 , 1 33 Flour 10,780 barrels Hides 14,530 ARTICLES IMPORTED T (URING THE YEAR 1843. Merchandize 2,012 tons Shingles 4,117.025 .4 ». 101.170 |>Vg\s Square timber 10,000 feet Salt 27,038 barrels Staves 57.000 Whiskey 2.5*5 Bark 430 cords Lumber 7.545,14 2 feet 78 STATISTICS OF CHICAGO. Vessels arrived and cleared during the years 1842-3 : Arrived. Cleared. Total. Aggregate tonage. 1842. 705 705 1410 117,711 1843. 756 691 1447 289,852 A number of vessels left port this year, without being reported. During the present season, 14,856 barrels of beef have been packed at the several packing houses in the City; only a small por- tion of this has been exported. The quantity of hides and tallow is not known, but will bear a proportion to the quantity of beef. An amount of pork will be put up here the coming winter, greatly ex- ceeding any former season. No statement in regard to this depart- ment, can be made in this connection, as the business is but just commencing. BUSINESS AND PROFESSIONAL DIRECTORY, CONTAINING THE CARDS OF SUBSCRIBERS. SMtontcgs. BEAUMONT & SKINNER, ATTORNEYS, COUNSELORS, AND SOLICITORS IN CHANCERY, CHICAGO, ILL. G. A. O. BEAUMONT. MARK SKINNFR. HENRY BROWN, ATTORNEY AND COUNSELOR AT LAW, Office corner of Lake and DeBrborn streets, o?er the General Stage Office. J. BUTTERFIEED, Jr., ATTORNEY AND COUNSELOR AT LAW. AND LAND AGENT Eait side of Clark street, fust door from South Water. HUGH T. DICKEY, Attorney and Counselor at Law, 1034 LAKE STREET, CHICAGO. 80 ADVERTISING DIRECTOR!", HENRY W. CLARKE, ATTORNEY, COUNSELOR AT LAW, SOLICITOR IN CHANCERY, Conveyancer and General Land Agent, Office Clark street, opposite City Saloon, Chicago. JAMES CURTISS, ATTORNEY AND COUNSELOR AT LAW, Oftice 13C Lake street, Chicago. FREER &, DE WOLF, ATTORNEYS & COUNSELORS, CHICAGO, ILLS. Office on Clark street, opposite the City Hotel. L. C. Paine Freer. C. De Wolf. HAMILTON & CHAMBERLAINES LAW OFFICE, Clark street, opposite the Post Office. GUica#o, Govt Ga v 31Hitpi£. Oflice and House opposite the City Hotel. MANIERRE LOOKING GLASSES. 106 LAKE STREET. BALLENTINE , BLAKESLEY & Co. Wholesale and Retail Dealers in GROCERIES, NAILS, GLASS, SHOES, LEATHER, &C. 101 LAKE STREET, CHICAGO, ILL. A. LOTD. H. A. BLAKESLEY. HENRT NORTON. QJ* Cash paid for Wheat. *£$ ADVERTISING D1HECTOIT. 88 BRACKEN «fe TULLER, 161 LAKE STREET, CHICAGO, ILL. Wholesale D DEALERS IN PRODUCE ANO STAPLE GOODS, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS. HORACE NORTON . Orders taken at the Furnace Store, on Clark St.. between Lake and Water Streets, and promptly attended to. H. M. STOW. CHARLES 15UUL, Manufacturer of HATS & CAPS, AND DEALER IN Furs, Buffalo Robes, Hatters' Stock, Trimmings, &c, 129 LAKE STREET, CHICAGO, ADVERTISING DIRECTORY. A.GKTZLER, CAP & UMBRELLA MANUFACTURER, And General Dealer in HATS, CAPS, Be FURS, NO. 151 LAKK STREET, CHICAGO, ILL. 101 hotels, Ut. CITY HOTEL, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS. NMti*2**$* )0!W^a»Wiy^ ly ^ -fV$f* THIS KST4Rt!S'I^KNT 15 LOCATED OV THE rORNKR or CLARK inrs> to transact in the City. Excellent Stabling, Shed*, and Yard, Arc, in the rear of the House, for the accommodation of teams, cVc. ADVERTISING DIRECTORY. 103 MANSION HOUSE, SKINNER 6l SMITH, 84 & 8C LAKE STREET, CHICAGO, ILL. Baggage taken to and from Steam Boats free of charge SAUGANASH HOTEL, L. M. OSTERHOUDT, January, 1644, CORNER OF LAKE & MARKET STREETS. CHICAGO, ILL. Farmers will find the best accommodation for their teams. UNITED STATES HOTEL. The Subscriber would respectfully announce to his old friends, and the public generally, that he has returned to his old Ac popular stand, where he hopes by unremitted attention to the comfort and welfare of his guests, to re- ceive that share of their patronage that his exertions may merit. The house has been thoroughly renovated, cleans- ed, and painted, with a good yard and barn attached, the rooms are airy, pleasant, and agreable. His BAR will be supplied with the CHOICEST WINES AND LIQUORS, His TABLE with all the SUBSTANTIAS AND DELICACIES OF TOE SEASON. His SERVANTS attentive and obedient, and ho pled- ges himself that nothing shall be wanting to render their stay pleasant and comfortable. JOHN MURPHY. Chicago, Jan. 1st, 1844. CHICAGO TEMPERANCE HOUSE, EF.PT BT D. E. ROBERTS, La Salle Street, nearly opposite the Bank Building, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS. 104, ADVERTISING DIRECTORY. WASHINGTON HALL. TEMPERANCE HOUSE. North Water St., near the Clark St. Bridge. BY JOHN ANDERSON. This well known Hotel has recently undergone exten- sive additions and improvements,, and is now capable *of accommodating a large number of hoarders and travelers.' lis location, at the Clark Street Bridge* gives to this Hous« advantages equal, to any. nrher. Country people witl fnjd this the most COMFORTABLE, and the CHEAPEST House in the City THE WASHINGTON COFFEE HOUSE, Lake St., third door East of tlic Tmnorri IIoV3&. This entirely new and splendid House lias been fitted up by the Proprietors, THOMAS & WHEELOCK. nuhe most modern and approved Stvle. 'Hie Bill of Fare will embrace every raiicty to be prweured in this, and Eastern markets. HOT MEATUS can l?c>uJ at alljiours. FRESH OYSTERS kept -constantly on hand. Tho Proprietors plcd.o thr m selves that nothing shall Jje .wanting, on their part, to give their customer* tnliro, satisf.ietion. insurance (tfompanies, JEtna Insurance Co. of Hartford, Conn. C. S. HUBBARD, Agent. Tins well known Company, is now preparod to tako risk* H"simst fire, in the City of Chicago and its vicinity, at low premiums. CEOIIGK SMITH So CO. BANKERS AI*I> INSURANCE BROKERS, (Bank Building.) LA SALLE STREET, CHICAGO, ILL. ADVERTISING DIRECTORY. 1C5 FIRE AND MARINE INSURANCE. AGENCVOF THE NATIONAL INSURANCE COMrANY OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK, IN THE CITY OF CHICAGO.. . A. GARRETT, Agent. The nbove named Company hive established an Agency in the city of Chicago, where they are prepared to Insure against loss or damage by Fire, and also against loss or damage on Goods and Merchandize, in the course of transportation on the- Lakes, Canal, or Railroad. DIRECTORS. John Bower, John F. Mackie, William G. Ward, Marcus Spring, Stephen Holt, Jacob Miller, Philip W. Knjrs, John Ncwhouse, William S. Slocutn, Samuel S. Doughty, William W. Campbell, John F. Buttcrworth. JOHN BROUWER, President. James W. Savage, Secretary. December, 1S43. GARRETT & SEAMAN, GENERAL AGENCY AND COMMISSION STORE, In the four story Brick Building on South Water street, 2d door from Clark street. TllK undersigned give notice that they have formed a partnership, to commence on the 1st of May, 1644, under the name and style of GARRETT & SEAMAN, for the transaction of a General Agency awl Commission Business, both in Chicago ami New York. They will attend to the purchase and sale of Merchandize, and the sale of Wheat, and all kinds of Produce in the city of New York. Mr. Seaman is a resident of the city of New York, and well ac- quainted with the business of purchasing and selling Merchandize and Produce, and will at all times give his personal intention to any and all kinds of business entrusted to his care. The house in Chi- cago will be ready to supply country merchants with all kinds of Merchandize, at New York prices, adding transportation only. N. B. Constantly on hand, Marble Mantles, Tombs, Monu- ments. Head-Stones, Table Tops, Arc. They will, ou application, furnish articles in the above line, at short ootice. December, 1843. t06 ADVERTISING DIRECTORY. MARINE AND INLAND INSURANCE. AGENCY OF THE ATLANTIC MUTUAL INSURANCE COMPANY OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK, IN THE CITY OF CHICAGO. A. GARRETT, Agent, CASH CAPITAL. $100,000 With notes subscribed on the Mutual plan for 350,000 $ 450,000 Person* wishing fo participate in the profits of this Company, are informed that the Company is now prepared to make Insurance on Marine and Inland Risks, on terms favorable to the applicants, who are assured that the Company will be disposed to settle claims with such promptness and liberality, as to warrant a large share of the public patronage. The Board of Trustees have endeavored to furnish the insured the means both of safety and profit, and they trust that when the plan for accomplishing this is investigated, it will be found satisfac- tory. Under the Charter of the Company, the excess of certificates of earnings over SjOO.OOO. ean be paid off successively, which is a result that will be lookeJ for in a reasonable time. TRUSTEES. Walter R. Jones, George T. Elliot. Josiah L. Hale. James McCall, Georrc Griswold. Ramsay Crooks, Jonathan Goodhue, Edwin Bartlett, Elisha Rigys. Caleb Barsfow, Heury Parish, A. P. Pillot, Thomas Tileston, A. Le Movnc, Henry Coir. Leonardo S. Snare/, Charles H. Russell, Christopher It. Robert, K. D. Hurlb.it. Richard T. Haines, Jos. W. Alsop, junr. Leory M. Wiley, John C. Green, Edmund Laffan. Win. S- Wetmorci Daniel S. Miller, Augustin Averil, S- T. Nicoll, Samuel T. Jones. Win. F. llavcmcyer, Lowell Holbrook, Josiah Lane. P. A. H argon*. Joshua J. Henry, E■ //,{■/•" '.: 'fttiffs t n>> ursof avj glj uinjinnnnnnnnniumnniutnnniuuuuinnn i Cooking ©lasses, D. & A. L. JACOBUS, Wholesale and Retail Dealers in Looking Glasses, Norks, Britannia Ware, Cutlery, &c. NO. 10 CLARK STREET, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS. Pictured and Picture Frames of all sizes, con- stantly on hand. R. LYONS, NO. 63 LAKE STREET, CHICAGO, Opposite the Mansion House, WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALER IN Gilt and .Mahogany Framed Looking Classes, AND LOOKING GLASS PLATES, CLOCKS, AND ENGRAVINGS; Also, Manufacturer of Portrait and Picture Frames, of Every Description. N.B. Gilding of every description, neatly cxicutcd at the ehonest notice. ABT1RTH150 DIUBCTOmt. * N* €nmbct l*tetrf)atttg» TARLETON JONES, DEAlXKS IN GREEN-BAY LUMBER, Foot of CLARK STREET, at the BRIDGE, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS. J. M. UNDERWOOD, LUMBER DEALER, CORNER OF LAKE &WEST WATER STREETS. A few rods North of the TJ. S. Hoiel. A fall assortment of LUMBER. SHINGLES, DOORS. SASH, dec. constantly on hand. Jttarkets. CLYBOURN & HOVEY. BUTCHERS, CLARK St, STATE St., & WESTERN MARKETS, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS. A. FUNK, BUTCHER, FULTON AND BOSTON MARKETS. On Dearborn <3t Randolph Streets. ERI REYNOLDS, ©OT©lk]!!^ AM© PMJKIB, CHICAGO, ILL. PACKING HOUSE on the South Branch, Office at his Residence on Dearborn Street. N.B. Butchering and Packing will be done at the short* est notice, and on as reasonable terms, as at an/ other Es» tablishmettt. 10 110 ADVERTISING DIRECTORY. Painters, &c. JOHN I. DOW Sl CO. Ornamental, Sign, House, and Ship Painters, and Glaziers, CLARK ST. THREE DOORS SOUTH OF LAKE, CHICAGO, ILL. ALEXANDER WHITE, paoimtieir, AND DEALER IN Paints, Oils, Varnishes, Brushes, Glass, Sash, &e. Artists' Brushes 6c Colors of every description, No. 165 LAKE STREET, CHICAGO. House, Sign, Ship, Coach, and Ornamental Painting, done with Neatness and Despatch. PECK & BOYCE, MANUFACTURERS OF LINSEED OIL, Will at all times exchange OIL, or pay CASH for FIa\ Seed, at their Oil Mill on MADISON ST. CHICAGO. S. W. TECK. JL. M. BOTCE. pjjnstctans* R. E. W. ADAMS, HOMOEOPATHIC PHYSICIAN, OFFICE Corner of Clark and Lake Streets, Residence dark Street, opposite the Public Square. V. A. BOYER, PHYSICIAN 8c SURGEON, JUSTICE OP THE PEACE, OFFICE,— CLARK ST. nearly opposite the City Hotel. ADVERTISING DIRECTORY. HI DOCTOR BLANEY, PROFESSOR OF CHEMISTRY & MATERIA MEDICA* IN RUSH MEDICAL COLLEGE, May be consulted professionally, at his office, oo Clark Street, near 6outh Water St. Dr. B. will also attend to CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, in all its branches. DANIEL BBAINARD, M. D., PROFESSOR OF ANATOMY AND SURGERY, In RqmIi Medical College. Office on Clark St. Opposite the Post Office. DOCTOR H. H. BRAYTON, Having established his residence permanently at CHICAGO, Respectfully tenders his professional services to the inhab- itants of the City. Twenty tive years Study and Practice, and constant applicaton to professional duties, he hopes will entitle him to the con- fidence of those who may demand his Services. FRESH VACCINE VIRUS, Now, and always on hand. Office 6c residence On the East side of CLARK St. first door South of the Methodist Church. DOCTOR J. BRINCKERHOFF, Office Clark Street, Opposite Public Square. DRUG STORE, 143 LAKE ST. DOCTOR EGAN Can be consulted in private cases at his Residence or Office, but cannot attend to out-door practice. DOCTOR JOHN W. ELDRIDGE, Office and Residence on RANDOLPH STREET. 6rat door West of City Hotel. 112 ADVERTISIIIO D1BFCTOIVX. Dr. BENJAMIN F. HALE, OFFICE— No. 185. LAKE STREET. RESIDENCE— East side of WELLS STREET, One Door S. of Lake Street. M. L. KNAPP, M. D* PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS, Ac. la Rash Medical College, Chicago, M^y be consulted professionally at the Mansion House, NO. 82 LAKE STREET. DOCTOR D. S. SMITH, Office, on Clark Street, 2 Doors Sooth of Lake, orer J. B. F. RU&SEL'S Land Agency Office. Residence Lasalle Street, opposite the First Baptist Church. Ba&Merg & tyaxntBS. SILAS B. COBB, General Dealer in Saddles, Harnesses, Trunk*, Valises, Collars, Whips, Carpet Bags, &e. &c. No. 171 LAKE STREET, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS. D. HORTON, SADDLE & HARNESS MANUFACTURER, and City Carriage Trimmer* Saddles, Harness, Trunks, Valises, Carpet Bags, Bridles, Whips, &c, constantly on hand. Cjp* All kinds of repairing done in the neatest manner, and on the shortest notice. DEARBORN STREET, two doors N. of TREMONT House- ADVERTISING DIRECTORY. 113 C. E. PECK, DEALER I5f Saddles, Harness, Trunks, Valises, Carpet Bags, Bridles, Martingales, Whips, &c. J64 LAKE STREET, CHICAGO, ILL. Repairing done at short Notice. JAMES S. PAINE, Saddle, Harness, Trunk, Valise, and Carpet Bag Manufacturer, Dearborn St., Between Lake and South Water, Chicago. AH kinds of jobbing in his line solicited. Repairing done on the roost reasonable terms, and at the shortest do* tice. S. BENEDIK, MERCHANT TAILOR, 187 LAKE STREET, CHICAGO, ILL. A TOLL ASSORTMENT OF DRY GOODS, CLOTHING, &e. constantly kept on hand, Warranted of the best Material, and Latest Style. ANDREW J. COX & CO. TAILORS, CLARK ST., BETWEEN LAKE AND S. WATER. HETTINGER & PETERMAN, TAILORS «6 DRAPERS, SOUTH WATER STREET, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS. Ready made Clothing of every description, constantly OB hand* All Orders punctually attended to. Cutting ic Repairing done at short notice, and on reasonable terms, 114 ADVERTISING DIRECTORY* J. H. HODGSON, DRAPER AND TAILOR, CLARK STREET. OPPOSITE CITY HOTEL, H. H. HUSTED. DRAPER AND TAILOR, NO. 97* LAKE STREET. CHICAGO, ILL. A Large Assortment of Ready Made Clothing constantly on hand. v ©HEAP ©[LOTOOM© ©TOKE. W. LOCK & CO. 126 LAKE STREET Corner of Lake 6c Clark Streets. CHICAGO. ILL. P. NEWBURGH, DRAPER AND TAILOR, 153 LAKE STREET. (£/* Orders promptly attended to. CHAS. TAYLOR, FASHIONABLE TAILOR. Clark Street. Between Lake Street and Post Offiee, CHICAGO, ILL. Would most respectfully solicit a continuance of the liberal patronage hitherto extended to him, assuring bis customers cVtbe public, that he nses FRANCIS H. TAY- LOR'S " Mathematical Principle of Cutting Garments, H which is true in theory and application, 6c produces better fit ting garments than can by any possibility be cut by any other system. N.B. The French and New York fashions will be re- ceived monthly ADVERTISING DIRECTORT. 116 JJtiscellancotts, NORTON & TUCKERMAN, Wholesale and Retail Dealers in Dry Goods, Groceries. Hardware, Lumber and Salt, 134 LAKE STREET, WAREHOUSE AND LUMBER YARD, North Water Street North End of Clark Street Bridge, STORAGE AND COMMISSION. PHRENOLOGICAL & MAGNETIC EXAMINER. At His Residence, 2nd House N. of the Ep. Church, DR. TEW, MAY be consulted in all cases of Nervous or Mental difficulty. — The application of his Remedies will enable him to relieve, or cure, any case of Monomania, Insanity, or recent Madness, where there is no inflammation or destruction of the Mental Organs. His attention to the diseases of the Nervous System, such as the St. Vitus* Dance, Spinal Affections, has resulted in some remarkable Cures. Having been engaged, for tlio last five years, in teaching Mental Philosophy, as taught by Phrenology, together with his numerous Phreno Magnetic Experiments, enable him to give correct and true delineations of Mental Dispositions of dilfercnt persons; which will be every way profitable to all who wish to understand the mysteries of tbeir own natures, and how they may use their talents to the best advantage 116 AJavSRTIST*© DIRECTORY GEORGE F. FOSTER, SAIL MAKER anq General Dealer in SHI? CHANDLERY, Groceries. Paints, Oils, Nails, Sec. SOUTH WATEk STREET, CHICAGO, ILL. Bags and Bagging, Ropes, Tar, Pitch. Oakum, Sail Cloth, etc. constantly on hand. WM, WHEELER & CO. Dealers in STOVES, HARDWARE, CUTLERY, TIN, Sheet Iron, and Copper Ware. AGE NTS FOR THE HAZARD COMPANY'S Vartoos Sorti or POWDER, U& LAKE STREET, CHICAGO, ILLS. Cash Paid for Furs & Deer Skins Bee'a Wax, Genshang, Lead, and Timothy Seed. D. A. BARROWS & Co. Manufacturers of & Wholesale & Retail Dealers in CONFECTIONARY, SYRUPS, CAKES, & ICE CREAMS, NO. 147 LAKE STREET, CHICAGO. CABMAOE and WAGON MAKING, PERKINS 8c FENTON, INFORM die Public that they are prepared to execute any orders in the Business aborb mentioned, on (he most reaa^mapleiermt, aod on short notice. They are also prepared to accommodate the Public with BMCRSMITHING, & House. Sign, & Carriage PAINTING. Their Shops n>ay be found on RANDOLPH STREET, opposite the Public Square. Chisago, Jib. 1st, 1844. JOHN BURGESS, CARRIAGE & WAGON MAKER, RANDOLPH STREET. CHICAGO. ILL. ORDERS in ihe above line promptly executed, on the roeit reasonable Terms. STATE OF ILLINOIS I COUNTY OF KANE J William Leslie McCullouch, of the City of Aurora, County of Kane and State of Illinois, being duly sworn, doth depose and say that he is the manager of Finch & McCullouch, publishers of this book, "Chicago — Then and Now", and that said book contains herein an exact reproduction of the cover and pages of the original Gen- eral Directory and Business Advertiser of the City of Chicago for the year 1844 published by J. W N orris, autographed by him, and printed by Ellis & Fergus And further this deponent sayeth not. ^t^9h^^U£m^. Subscribed and sworn to before me this First day of July, A. D. 1933. A ) ) T/* *\*\ „ NoUr, Public CHICAGO THEN CHICAGO MARCHES ON Taking a broad view of the development of Chicago, the panorama of a city that raised itself out of a swamp by its own bootstraps is based on four separate and distinct cycles. The peregrinations of Marquette and Joliet and La Salle in the seventeenth century hold little interest for the student of the city's history save as hazy figures passing over the horizon of a dim and distant past. Prior to 1803 Chicago was naught but a settlement of adventurers and traders with little or no thought of civic progress and per- manency. To those courageous souls it served merely as a point of commercial contact with hordes of Indians on the shores of a creek emptying into a lake, a place of portage from the Great Lakes region into the Mississippi valley. They simply sketched a brief introduction to the main story that came later. The Northwest Territory, created in 1787, and the Louisiana purchase of 1803 really opened its official history by adding that vast trans-Mississippi em- pire to the adolescent republic, with a foresighted President, Thomas Jefferson, anxious about defending the newly ac- quired territory from Indian givers and the British. To that end a company of United States regulars was sent from the army post at Detroit to build a stronghold in the wilderness where Lake Michigan meets what is now call- ed the Chicago river. Thus Chicago really became Chicago. The building of Fort Dearborn established its permanency. ^* kj&$>* The site of a great Metropolis. This is hoiv Chicago looked from the time Fort Dearborn was built in 1803 until about 1821, when "I Will" started functioning. The first United States Post Office after the Town if Myrick's Tavern stood at about Cottage Grove avenue and Tiven- ty-ninth street in 1837. It ivas the site of the first established "yards". Myrick operated the first race track hereabouts, too. 11 By this time — 1847 — the city boasted a population of more than 16,000. The city limits were extended to the north, the south, and the west. Telegraphic communication with New York was common. The Board of Trade held its first meeting in 1848, and during the next year contracted with the telegraph company for daily market reports. Another case of a city feeling its oats early. The Chicago Lyceum with "an excellent library of over three hundred volumes/' called to those with a flair for "intellectual and social enjoyment." The Mechanic's In- stitute began its long career in '37 "to diffuse knowledge and information throughout the mechanical classes ; to create a library and museum ; to establish schools for mechanics and others; and to establish annual fairs." Could these pioneers but see A Century of Progress of today. They'd not only be proud ; they'd be speechless, boeotic with amazement. Another step toward culture was the founding of the Young Men's Association in '41 for the purpose of estab- lishing a civic library. The first reading room was rented at Lake and Clark streets at a fee of $125 a year. Books were donated by public spirited citizens and lectures were frequent. Capacity attendance seldom lagged. "I Will" began looking itself up in the dictionary. One of the enterprises completed in '48 that exercised a tremendous influence over the growth and prosperity of the young city was the Illinois and Michigan canal. Louis Joliet visioned it as far back as 1673, his idea being to con- nect French Canada and French Louisiana with an inland waterway from the lakes to the Chicago river, through a canal to the Desplaines, and thence down the Illinois river to the Mississippi. After years of debate, legislation, and survey, actual dig- ging of the canal began July 4, 1836, alongside a wagon trail running from Chicago to Lockport, the famous Archer Road. More than seven millions of dollars were spent be- fore the job was completed in 1848, but the enthusiasm and will-to-victory spirit with which the men of Chicago car- ried it through in spite of panics and geologic setbacks offers one more reason why Chicago is the Chicago of today. That that spirit of "I Will" has been passed on to and acquired by succeeding generations is proved by the epic exposition that graces the lake front in 1933, bidding the world to share the glory of a great city. 12 Although the Illinois and Michigan canal was not, offi- cially, a Chicago enterprise, it could hardly have been brought to completion without the aid, judgment, and de- termination of Chicago business men. The city at least fur- nished the motive power that drove it to success and proved that "I Will" is a statement of fact, and not a question of possibility or probability or ability to throw a "natural." In 1847 the first railroad was surveyed and laid out, the Galena and Chicago Union railroad, forerunner of the vast Northwestern system of today. The first section of the road, from Chicago to the Desplaines river, a distance of ten miles, was completed in '48. The first railroad station in Chicago was the terminus of this line, situated at Canal and Kinzie streets. The progress of the road was so rapid that in 1851 the promoters bought a tract of land for a freight terminal bounded by Kinzie, North Water, Dearborn and State streets for $60,000. By 1865 the line bridged the Mississippi and had built up a snug, powerful system that later became known as the famous C & N W. m In 1841 the Young Men's Association organized a cultural center for "library and reading room purposes." By 1866, bowing to the spread of culture, it had acquired a building of its own. Here it is, at La Salle and Randolph streets. 13 The Lake Front in the early 60's, looking north from Park Row. Soldiers are doing a bit of drilling in what is now Grant Park, sailboats play up and down the basin, and to the extreme right are the Illinois Central tracks and the breakwater. It didn't. By 1852 Illinois Central and Michigan Central trains from New York came chugging into Chicago. The I. C. tracks were laid on a trestle out on the lake, and passengers coming in or going out of the city on windy days were given an involuntary shower bath. Even then the city was recog- nized as the railroad focus of the country. Its fame as a bathing center came later. The packing industry, too, had its beginnings in those early days. Previously, in 1832, a herd of 152 animals were slaughtered "out on the prairie" at Madison street and Michigan avenue. By the time the city was chartered, slaughter houses and packing plants dotted the city as far out as Myrick's tavern, about two miles north of where the present "Yards" are located. In a few years even London was asking for beef "packed in Chicago" and doubtless pass- ing it off as the British product famed in song and story. Grain shipments began pouring out of Chicago in 1838 with a consignment of 78 bushels by boat to Buffalo. Next year a load of 3,678 bushels was shipped after being stored in a warehouse on the north bank of the river. That ware- house was the great granddaddy of the modern grain ele- vator, another of Chicago's pillars of progress. By 1856 grain boats were clearing for Liverpool, England, the total grain export ran to thirty millions of bushels annually, and our harbor sprouted a forest of masts. The lake tonnage was enormous for those days, the number of ships entering Chicago harbor approximating a total greater than those 14 utilizing the ports of New York, Boston, and Baltimore com- bined. "I Will" had taken to the water with a vengeance. In 1838, at the corner of Michigan avenue and Wash- ington street, the city fathers set aside a tiny plot of ground to keep open "a breathing space and a beauty spot when the city should grow beyond it." At least the daring spirits of the day hoped it might. From that tiny plot, on which the Chicago Public Library stands today, has sprung what is universally conceded to be the finest and most comprehen- sive system of parks and connecting boulevards in the world. Early in the 50's the cultural consciousness of the young city became so strong that world famous virtuosi condes- cended to visit. Adelina Patti, the songbird, and Ole Bull, the violinist, entertained at the Tremont Music Hall with "tickets at one and two dollars." But money was plentiful. Meat packing, railroading, grain trading, agricultural ma- chinery, and sundry other infant industries were pouring golden streams into the ample laps of the "first families." About that time the rumblings of slavery were disturb- ing the peace of the nation. Chicago, of course, was anti- slavery in sentiment. Speakers with pro-slavery ideas fre- quently were mobbed and given the freedom of the country outside the city. Chicagoans believed in racial equality to such an extent that when 250 residents signed a petition for a law forbidding the vote to foreigners who had neglected to The name "Armour" is synonymous with Chicago's packing indus- try, meaning "tins of meat." Here's the birthplace of that huge company, " 'way out on Archer Road", about 1867. 15 obtain papers of citizenship, their petition was sidetracked. Later, ; however, the law was enacted. Then in 1858 speeches preliminary to the historic Lincoln-Douglas debates thundered from the balcony of the Tremont House . . . speeches that changed the fate of the nation from disintegra- tion and chaos rivaling the contradictory Balkans to a closely knit federation of states. True, the little city was crude ... a sprawling mass of dwellings, saloons, churches, stores, shops, and factories . . . yet in embryo it held all the elements of the splendid metropolis it is today. Of course there were neither operas, art colony, nor university; few cultural centers; few places where aesthetics could flower. But there was a dawning consciousness of Chicago as an entity, a personality with duties and responsibilities and privileges in relation to the rest of the world of sufficient force to, later, lift the city to the stars. "I Will" was becoming subtle. At the half-century — 1850 — Chicago tired of its tallow candles and kerosene lamps. Citizens went modern and sub- scribed some $80,000 for a gas plant. It was built at the edge of town, at Madison and Market streets, and 24,000 feet of gas mains promptly were laid in the downtown sec- tion. The city hall became the company's first customer with 36 lights. Soon there were 125 additional customers and 99 street lamps. Medill's Tribune remarked editorially at the time: "For the first time in the history of Chicago, sev- eral of the streets were illuminated in regular city style. Hereafter she will not hide her light under a bushel." As if anything could. Vide: the Lindbergh Beacon. Within five years the company had laid 78 miles of pipe and was servicing nearly 2,000 customers. There is no more thrilling story with the scene laid in Chicago than the coming of the reaping machine. Cyrus McCormick, the son of a Virginia planter, had, in the early 1800's, spent much of his time trying to perfect a workable reaper. In the onrush of progress the ancient cradle scythe became too much of a drag. Finally he created a contrap- tion that did the trick, and for years he traveled about the Virginia countryside demonstrating his brain child. Suc- cess was varied. He exhibited at the World's P'air in London, with the conservative Britishers finally admitting its value, yet providing a scant market. At last, weary of the international "run around", he turned toward the Illi- nois prairies and built a plant in Chicago at North 16 -J : tei. Crosby's Opera House at W ashington and State streets marked the peak of Chicago's culture in 1865. It cost $600,000 to build, a fortune then as now, but returned' little on its investment. Water street and the river. It was there — in 1847 — he commenced the manufacture of a reaper containing most of the essentials of the McCormick Harvester of today. The point emphasized here is that communities other than Chi- cago might have staged the scene of the ultimate McCor- mick triumph, but it was the aid of this city and its citizens that brought his invention to success. The city's leaders be- lieved in him, and their foresight in recognizing and aid- ing genius resulted in giving to later-day Chicago one of its outstanding dollar-filled industries. "I Will" was cashing in. With the '60's, Chicago became opera-conscious. Uranus H. Crosby, a local magnifico, built an ornate four-story tem- ple at Washington and Dearborn streets spelling the last word in architectural magnificence and costing $600,000. For that day the project paralleled the erection of our present Civic Opera building in 1928. The wealth of the city flock- 17 ed to it. Artists were imported from New York and abroad. But the tragic death of President Lincoln spread a pall upon the city and the idea was abandoned temporarily. Then, af- ter some struggle with artistic temperament and box office inertia, the conviction was sustained that art on so splendid a scale could not be made to pay. But the Great Fire of '71 settled it. Crosby's grand structure was swept from the face of the earth and never rebuilt. Henceforth Chicago derived its musical culture from a city orchestra formed in 1857, a Musical Union organized in 1858, and an Ora- torio Society. All were fairly supported. "I Will" looked to other things than civic and commercial accomplishment. As a matter of fact, from the days when Mark Beaubien entertained guests at his Sauganash Tavern with the "hot- cha" melodies of the day on his fiddle to the present-day opera troupes, orchestras, and choral societies, Chicago has ever swayed to the influence of good music. Meanwhile the city was contemplating its physical as- pect. Street levels were literally lifted out of the mud, in some instances being raised four or five feet above the old level. The ground floors of homes took on the nadir stance of sunken gardens. People on the street walked on a level with second stories. There were no "keyhole" col- umnists in those days to intrude upon personal privacy. Then began the experiment of making basements of these old first stories and building another story above. A young man, by name George M. Pullman, remarked that he actually could lift business buildings from their oozy foundations, U; '^Amfi*}* « » The River in 1857, looking east toward the Rush street bridge from State street. Even then river traffic was a problem. 18 build solid foundations under them, and lower the structures again undamaged. Of course he was laughed at, as are most iconoclasts; but he did it, and Chicago became known around the world as the city that "lifted itself out of the mud by its own bootstraps." In fact, Chicago was commencing to be taken seriously by the rest of the world because of the in- genuity and energy of its citizens. "I Will" began to bear fruit beyond the city limits, by cracky. River traffic became so dense about that time that tun- nels under the river were built to relieve traffic congestion at bridges. The first was opened in 1869, the second in 1871. Evidently employers were becoming slightly weary of employes punching in half an hour after starting time and offering the "bridge open" bromide. Early in the 50's — 1851 to be explicit — the city built a new water pumping plant at the foot of Chicago avenue and connected it to a crib 600 feet out in the lake where a con- stant supply of pure water could be assured. But it proved too small. The city was growing too rapidly. So in 1867 a new pumping plant and tower was erected half a block west of the old one and purer water ushered through a tun- nel from a point two miles out. That water system cost the young city more than three millions of dollars, but its citizens were assured an unlimited supply of pure aqua. The tower, incidentally, is a Chicago landmark today, spot- lighted to prominence in the middle of Michigan avenue at Chicago avenue, one of the few survivors of the Fire of '71. By 1856 the city had grown tremendously. Eighty-six thousand people lived in an area of eighteen square miles and transportation became a vexatious problem. In that year a franchise was granted for a street railway system us- ing horses as motive power. The horses must have balked, or something, because nothing was done. Two years later another franchise was issued, tracks were laid along State street from Madison to Randolph, and by next year cars were trundling over the two-block stretch. That innovation met with some opposition, just as in later years the elevated railway was fought by hot and bothered vox poppers indit- ing indignant letters to the newspapers. But progress was not to be denied, and by '71, with several companies func- tioning, the horse-car system was operating over more than twenty miles of track, and to a gold-rush business. Even the horses accepted the "I Will" spirit of service to the community and did their bit. 19 I -'.".-' : ; ..: ■■ .:.'.. .'... ',, ' U- ■•■'■■-. '■;.: ■• ■ The Water Toiver is the principal survivor of the Great Fire of '71. It was built in '67, part of the city's new — then — water system. 20 In 1866, the year of a cholera outbreak, Cook County Hospital had its inauguration. A medical staff of famous names — Be van, Lyman, H ami 11, Freer, Bogue, et al — was formed and the institution entered a notable career of scien- tific research, care of the poor, and triumph over disease that has won for it recognition and fame all over the world. Other hospitals, such as Mercy, followed in short order. Even in those early days the city's health was jealously, and generously, guarded. "I Will" insisted upon keeping its enormous vim, vigor, and vitality, including surplusage of vitamins A to Z, intact. Chicago in the 60's saw the top of the rise of Abraham Lincoln, largely through the efforts of one Joseph Medill. History has it that Medill and his Tribune did more to nominate Lincoln for the Presidency and assure his election than any other force or forces. Too, Medill supported him through the trying days of the Civil War and kept the Great Emancipator from being retired in 1864. The latter feat was ingenious. Medill's influence forced a vote through Congress permitting soldiers in the field to vote. That vote alone saved Lincoln for a second term — and martyrdom. What would have happened had Lincoln been retired in '64 and another placed at the head of the Federal government in the closing, weary days of the War is difficult to imagine. /// the 50's State and Lake streets ivas a commercial center, with various commodities on display from beverages in barrels to saddles. In the distance is seen the State street bridge. 21 But ft is enough to know that Illinois gave Lincoln to the nation and a Chicagoan was mainly responsible for his ul- timate success — and immortality. Lincoln was nominated in Chicago — at the historic Wig- wam, erected for the purpose at Lake and Market streets. There, championed by Medill and his Tribune, the gaunt Illinoisan triumphed over New York's favorite son, Wm. A. Seward, and went forward to write history on the time- less pages of the memory of a grateful people. Chicago, naturally, was a staunch supporter of Lincoln. It shared his anti-slavery sentiments and helped to further his policies to the end. So strongly, in fact, did Chicago feel about slavery that it is recorded that when a negro escaped from his owner and took refuge in the city, and having no papers to prove his freedom, he was arrested. According to law the man was advertised for sale to pay the expenses of his arrest and detention. No one offered to buy him, and he was about to be remanded to jail indefinitely when a younger brother of Chicago's first mayor, Wm. B. Ogden, bought him for twenty-five cents and promptly set him free. That revealed the attitude of the city on the slavery question. Too, regiment after regiment poured out its best blood in the Northern cause until the day when Ulysses Grant of Illinois accepted the sword of Robert E. Lee of Virginia with the grandest words ever spoken by a victor to a de- feated opponent: "Tell your men to keep their horses, they will need them for the spring plowing." With but 18,000 registered voters in 1860, Chicago gave 15,000 men to the Union forces. It is likewise recorded that a Chicago regi- ment engaged in the first official action of the Civil War at Cairo t Illinois, key city to river control. Then came the "tragic deed of a disordered mind" with the assassination of Lincoln by Booth. For a short time Chicago claimed the body of the mighty Illinoisan she had helped to elevate to immortality. His body was brought back to the city on May 1, 1865, and lay in state at the Court House to permit a quarter of a million mourning citi- zens to file past and look their last upon his familiar face. The names of Lincoln and Chicago are inseparably link- ed. He practiced law here, he achieved his opportunity for national service here, he received unwavering support here during the darkest days of the War, and he was borne to his final resting place from here. Chicago reveres Lincoln with almost idolatrous devotion. Which is as it should be. 22 ««ra3*ii&& - ■Mr*!"'"" 1 ? HI1IIIIHII -'11111)1' President Lincoln's funeral cortege entering Court House Square on May 1, 1865. Solid, ranks of soldiers filled the square and every street leading to it was packed with citizens waiting to pay their last respects to the martyred humanitarian. His memory is kept alive here by the finest collection of Lin- colnania extant — at the Chicago Historical Society, one of Chicago's really noteworthy cultural centers. In its new building at Clark street and North avenue the history of Chicago from trading post to metropolis is unfolded in a marvelous array of relics. That institution is a credit to its founders and present directors. One of the most forceful proofs of Chicago's phenomenal growth is the fact that its post offices never have been large enough to serve its needs adequately. From John Hogan's store at Lake street and Wacker drive to the present block- square Federal Building, sufficient space and equipment to handle the mail expeditiously have always been lacking. The fault, if any, lies probably not so much in government short- sightedness as in the rapidity and extent of the city's expan- sion. After Hogan's store the post office was moved to larg- er quarters at Franklin and South Water streets. Three years later — 1837 — it occupied the Saloon Building at Clark and Lake streets. At last "Long John" Wentworth, then Chicago's aggressive and determined congressman, forced the erection of a post office building at Monroe and Dearborn streets ; but by the time its second edition was ready for occu- pancy in 1860 it proved too small. However, there it remain- ed until the Fire of '71, the second post office in the country in 23 volume of business transacted on a revenue basis and exceed- ing all other offices in the amount of mail handled. Now, hope springing eternal in the human breast, the new twenty- million-dollar post office at Van Buren and Canal streets, dedicated this year as the "largest in the world," may do while Chicago is working on its fourth million. In passing, be it recorded that the first railway mail coach was put into service out of Chicago in 1864 over the Northwestern sys- tem. It ran from Chicago to Clinton, Iowa, and proved an instant success. Always the perfect host, Chicago created further reason to be proud of its hospitality during the '50's and '60's. About then the fame of its hotels became world-wide. From Miller's Green Tree and Beaubien's Sauganash Tavern to the present world's largest and scores of other similarly beau- tifiully appointed hotels, the city has been favored with a suc- cession of superb caravansaries reflecting its reputation as the Convention City. To list and describe them would require a volume, but mention should be made of the Richmond House at South Water street and Michigan avenue where royalty was entertained in 1860; the Tremont House at Lake and Dearborn streets where usually the wealth of the city congregated and from the balcony of which Lincoln and Douglas began their historic debates ; the Sherman House Even in 1855 the Post Office, at Dearborn and Monroe streets, wasn't big enough to handle the government business of the growing city. It was replaced with a larger building in 1860, due chiefly to the efforts of Congressman "Long John" W ent- worth. That, too, proved inadequate. 24 "j^l rifTTTTT - IP i Miller's Green Tree Tavern was built by James Kinzie at what is now Canal and Lake streets in 1833. It was the first real hotel Chicago ever had stressing low rates and top-notch service. where, immediately after the Great Fire, in a temporary building with mattresses on uncarpeted floors and tin plates and cups, the proprietors cleared ninety thousand dollars in ninety days with ninety rooms — without a single raising of prices; the Briggs House, where Lincoln planned his cam- paign in '59 and '60 ; and so on to the Richelieu of sainted memory and the Auditorium of later day. "I Will" never permitted travelers to go hungry, thirsty, or bedless. Hotel Accomodations in Chicago now are spelled with a capital A. So with theatres. Both before and after the Fire the cream of American and European talent visited the fine houses Chicago interests had built. The Academy of Music on Halsted street near Madison with names like Joe Jeffer- son and John McCullough ; Aiken's theatre at Wabash ave- nue and Congress street that opened in '72 with Theodore Thomas and his Orchestra; Haverly's, with Henry Irving and Ellen Terry at Monroe and Dearborn ; McVickers, originally built on the site of Rice's theatre in 1857 at a cost of $85,000, rebuilt after the Fire of 71 and remodeled twice since, and probably the most successful of the lot ; Hooley's on Randolph street near LaSalle, offering every- thing from opera to minstrelsy; and, later, the Audi- torium, Louis Sullivan's grand house and still Chicago's well-spring of culture. There's a far longer list to be sure, but this indicates the growing city demanded the best in tal- ent and equipment — and got it. "I Will" had a way, fre- 25 State and Lake streets looked rather prosperous in the late 60's, but after the Great Fire every building added a couple of stories and "skyscrapers" became the vogue. quently, of looking at the world through rose-colored glasses and making the dreams come true. Sports gained impetus during this period. In 1844 a race track was opened by W. F. Myrick near his Tavern at Indiana avenue and Twenty-sixth street and enjoyed a short season thereafter for many a year. A decade later the Gar- den City track went into operation and became the city's favorite sport resort. Yachting clubs, rifle shooting organi- ations, curling, croquet, cricket found popularity among the mustached young bloods of the day, and in 1856 the Union Baseball Club was organized. Whether it won any pennants or not history sayeth nothing, but the fact remains the young city was fast becoming sport-minded and took time out now and then from its job of expanding and pro- gressing to laugh and play. Even in early-day sport "I Will" put Chicago into the winning column, as did the Cubs and Sox in later years. At the close of the Civil War young George Pullman, who had astounded the city fathers by pulling the city out of the mud a decade before, sold berths in his first sleeping car. The car, filled with notables, left Chicago and journeyed 26 to Springfield for the Lincoln funeral, with passengers un- animous in their praise and agreement upon a good night's rest being enjoyed by all. Just another beginning of a giant industry that dumped a golden stream of wealth into the city. With the close of the second cycle of Chicago's great- ness in 1871 the city sprawled over a territory of thirty- six square miles housing a population exceeding 300,000. It was built exclusively of wood excepting a few blocks of brick and stone in the business center. Withal a city of homes, chimneys of industrial plants pointed smoky fingers to the sky. Spires of churches reflected glints of glorious sunlight. A forest of masts weaved in serried array in the harbor and on the river. Masses of homes of an industrial people lay contentedly to the north, south, and west. Pic- ture the young city, the powerful city, stretching its wings to the stars . . . ambitious to outdo whatever any other municipality had ever done in the industries, the arts, the sciences, in literature and religion. Such was the city in the fall of '71 when a cow kicked over a lamp. The Great Fire of 1871 really separates the Chicago of old from the Chicago of day before yesterday. Truly a dire calamity, the Fire proved to be the most precious blessing the city has ever known. Readers will not be particularly in- terested here in an exhaustive description of the debacle, but rather in the influence it had on later-day Chicago. For purposes of record be it assumed that the fire began in a cow stable back of Pat O'Leary's home at 137 DeKoven street. History isn't quite clear on the point. For years there have been complaints and kicks on moot points other By 1S65 the Stock Yards had grown to appreciable proportions and moved to their present location, about two miles south of the old Alyrick Tavern. Chicago, on the hoof, was becoming plu- tocratic. 27 than that of the cow. But the summer of 1871 was terrific- ally dry and hot. The whole city was brittle with heat. Only the merest spark was needed to set it flaming. So, to recount the most popular version, on Sunday night, October 8, a thirsty, irritable cow in the process of being milked kicked into the straw that bedded her stall a kerosene lamp standing nearby to illuminate the operation. In half an hour the flames reached an adjacent lumber yard along the river. Due to a mixup in signals the firemen did not reach the scene until the flames had a head start. By that time some brands from the blazing lumber yard shot across the river and ex- ploded a gas tank, extinguishing the street lights. Then the high wind carried sparks to the water works, destroyed it, and cut oft* the water supply. Unrestrained, and fed by the wind, the flames swept everything before it like the discharge of a blast furnace. Marble fronts as well as frame houses actually melted before the sweeping fury. In twenty-four hours Chicago was a mass of charred beams and smoking debris, with here and there a column of brick standing gaunt amid the ruin. In round numbers, 2200 acres of territory were devastated, more than 15,000 buildings destroyed, and close to 100,000 persons turned out of house and home. There were 300 dead. Nearly two hundred millions of dol- lars' worth of property was wiped out, practically a third The frenzied rush for life and safety over the Randolph street bridge during the Great Fire of '71. On these ashes a Greater City was built. 28 Where a coiv kicked over a lamp that started the Great Fire of '71: Pat O'Leary's cot- tage and milk depot at 137 DeKoven street. of the city's total valuation. A holocaust, indeed. But Chicago's "I Will" spirit came through again, this time with a rush as irre- sistible as the Maine at its height. Before the fire even had ceased to burn, plans were under way to rebuild a new city on the ashes of the old. The job of keeping or- der, caring for the injured, feeding the hungry, and shel- tering the homeless — all this became mere detail, but a de- tail quickly and capably car- ried out. The thing upper- most was the ironclad re- solve, the steadfast purpose to carry on the spirit and tradi- tion of Chicago. That success attended the herculean efforts put forward in the next decade proved the disaster to be, in reality, a blessing. Reconstruction became a fact overnight. The first build- ing erected on still smoking ruins was Kerfoot's real estate office, a shanty 16x20 feet at Washington and La Salle streets. A sign board tacked at one end illustrates the spirit of the times: "All gone but wife, children, and ENERGY." Such high resolve simply couldn't be denied fruition. With the "I Will" spirit its greatest asset, Chicago rolled up its sleeves and went to work. A month after the Fire Joseph Medill was elected Mayor . . . the same Medill who had championed Abra- ham Lincoln and still published the Chicago Tribune. In a message to the people at the time he sought to prevent a re- currence of the catastrophe: "The outside walls of every building in Chicago should be composed of materials as in- combustible as brick, stone, iron, or slate." He likewise saw to it that the fire limits of the city were extended, that only buildings of safe construction be permitted within them, and that an adequate water system was installed. So heartily did Mayor Medill throw himself into his job that the first year after the Fire permits were issued for new, safe build- ings covering a street frontage of more than eight miles. The contract price of these buildings totaled, roughly, more 29 W.D.KCRFOOTsBLOCK^ RE*i£ STAT£OfrK$WH0,K£Rf00T i This is the first building erected after the Great Fire — the day after. Note the sign on the left: "All gone but wife, children, and ENERGY." So, perforce, the gentlemen register nonchalance. than thirty-eight millions of dollars. Mayor Medill prov- ed to be the right man in the right place at the right time, the very incarnation of his city's "I Will". That the new Mayor's wise counsel was heeded is seen in the fact that of the new buildings erected immediately after the Fire, rather more than 75 per cent were of brick, 20 per cent of stone, 2 per cent of iron, and less than 3 per cent of frame. They ranged in height from one to five stor- ies, with occasionally a six or seven story structure lending emphasis to the decor. Architecturally, the new Chicago marked a definite ad- vance over the old. The city became quite famous as the in- stigator of the structural iron skeleton with stone, brick, con- crete or tile facing known as the ''skyscraper". For a while the more ornate European styles of architecture were fol- lowed, with results not always harmonious. But this soon was remedied and the city as a whole reflected a decided improvement over the Chicago of the Civil War era. Also, the city fathers did hew closely to the time-honored policy of permitting no permanent buildings along the east side of Michigan avenue between Roosevelt Road and Ran- 30 dolph street. This policy had its effect in later years in the "Cit) Beautiful" Plan, responsible for so much in making the city of today a thing of proportion and beauty, and giv- ing impetus to the dream city of a century hence. Business revived with incredible speed after the Fire. The city fathers, the Chamber of Commerce, various indus- trial clubs, and the Hoard of Trade, while the ruins still were warm, put into effect plans to help businesses and busi- ness men to rehabilitate themselves. For instance, Field, Leiter & Co., predecessor of the huge Field store of today, sustained a loss of more than three and a half millions in the Fire. The firm collected from staggering insurance com- '"•— — -- * « I i • •"%• % The first temporary structures built immediately after the Great Fire of '71 were of frame construction along the lake front at Adams street. They were removed within a few months. parties less than a tenth of that huge sum. Yet the house, with the aid of the civic bodies mentioned, opened for busi- ness immediately after the Fire in the stables of the street car company at 20th and State streets, while they rebuilt their retail store at State and Washington streets and their wholesale house at Madison and Market streets. In a short time "Field's" was doing a greater business than ever before at the old stands and building up a reputation for integrity and enterprise that has conferred upon it the accolade, "world's finest department store." "I Will" received an Order of Merit that remains in force to this day. J. V. Farwell & Co.; Hibbard, Spencer, Bartlett & Co.; Mandel Brothers; the Fair — all swept into oblivion by the Fire — came back "bigger and better than ever", as the ad- 31 vertising slogan has it, to win new customers, new friends, and new dollars with their indomitable will to carry on in the face of what would have utterly defeated lesser charac- ters. And what is true of them is true of nearly the com- plete roster of business men in Chicago at the time. It was their will-to-win, their refusing to concede defeat, their un- swerving confidence in the future of the city that rebuilt it on its ruins after the blessed calamity of 71. Another industry that suffered mightily in the Fire was meat packing. "Everything used but the squeal", the in- dustry's slogan, lost about everything including the squeal in the Great Burning. But names like Armour, Swift, Hutchinson, Nelson Morris, and Libby, known the world over then as well as they are now, refused to admit defeat in the face of the flames. In common with other forthright Chicagoans of the day, the Fire only offered them oppor- tunity to expand and enlarge their businesses to world-wide proportions. All these men drew major roles in the task of rebuilding the city and all filled them ably with unselfish devotion to the common cause. Chicago owes as much to the men themselves as to the industry they founded. So Chicago dug itself out of the ashes, tidied up, and went to work. Citizens "put their shoulders to the wheel" as the bromide puts it, and promptly reared a city that knew no parallel at the time. Then another conflagration struck The Relic House, a popular beer and food dispensary at Clark and Center streets, was a favorite spot of the playboys for sixty years. It —"'_ * .! , f\ '"-ytt-.^gS** c / Chicago's Upochal Hon of 19?>?> : 1 PROGRESS