THE UNIVERSITY 
 OF ILLINOIS 
 LIBRARY 
 
 From the collection of 
 James Collins, 
 Driimcondra, Ireland. 
 Purchased, 1918* 
 
 9/4- 15 
 T697 
 
5 
 
THE llBRftRY 
 Of THE 
 UmVEBWTY OF H.U«0« 
 
ye ^ 
 
THE 
 
 TRAVELLER'S NEW GUIDE 
 
 THROUGH 
 
 IRELAND : 
 
 CONTAINING 
 
 A NEW AND ACCURATE DESCRIPTION 
 
 OF 
 
 THE ROADS, 
 
 WITH 
 
 PARTICULARS OF ALL THE DIFFERENT TOWNS— VILLAGES— NOBLEMEN 
 AND GENTLEMEN'S SEATS-CHURCHES-MONASTIC BUILDINGS- 
 ANTIQUITIES AND NATURAL CURIOSITIES. 
 
 ALSO, 
 
 THE PRESENT STATE 
 
 OF 
 
 AGRICULTURE, MANUFACTURES, AND COMMERCE : 
 
 WITH 
 
 A COMPLETE LIST 
 
 OP 
 
 ALL THE FAIRS THROUGHOUT THE KINGDOM. 
 
 ILtFSTRATED WITH A NEW AND ACCURATE 
 
 MAP OF IRELAND, 
 
 PLAN OF THE LAKES OF KILLARNEY— VIEWS OF THE GIANT'S CAUSEWAY— DELINEATIONS 
 OF THE PRINCIPAL POST-ROADS— WITH OTHER PLATES. 
 
 Uontron : 
 
 PUBLISHED BY LONGMAN, HURST, REES, ORME, AND BROWN, 
 PA TER NOSTFAl-RO W ; 
 AND JOHN CUMMING, DUBLIN. 
 
 1819. 
 
It inner -itr ret, London. 
 
It was the chief object of the proprietor of this 
 Worky to furnish the Traveller with a Collect 
 Guide throughout L^eland ; bid he afterwards 
 deemed it proper to enlarge the plan^ and by a 
 general description of the Country^ to enliven a 
 detail^ which otherwise^ would have been found dry 
 and unentertainiugo The Roads^ therefore^ are 
 not only delintated according to the latest and most 
 accurate surveys^ but the state of Agriculture^ 
 Mamfactures^ Commerce^ SfC, is recoi^ded for the 
 information of those who wish to acquire a thorough 
 knowledge of the present situation of this King-- 
 dom. 
 
 It was thought expedient ^ to arrange the Plan of 
 this JVork^ in a manjier that would embrace the 
 CountieSy Baronies^ and Parishes^ in regular 
 succession^ commencing with the City and County of 
 Dublin^ and treating^ separately^ each of the 
 Four Great Pi^ovinces into which this Island is di- 
 vided. The different Towns^ Villages^ Noblemen 
 and Gentlemen s Seats^ Churches^ Monastic Build- 
 ings^ Ancient Fortresses^ and Monuments of Anti- 
 quity^ are particularly described^ with Historical 
 Sketches to illustrate the narrative, A correct List 
 
 438.129 
 
4 INTRODUCTION. 
 
 of the Fairs^ or Markets is given^ which will be 
 found extremelij useful to those visiting this Country 
 on commercial business^ as well as to those of the 
 Irish People^ who are particularly connected with 
 rural or mercantile affairs, 
 
 A Map of Ireland^ with the Roads laid down^ 
 from the latest and best authorities — a separate 
 delineation of the principal Post-Roads — Plans of 
 the Lakes of Killarney^ and a view of the Gianfs 
 Causezmy^ with various other Plates^ will be found 
 to embellish this W ork : and neither expense nor 
 trouble has been spared to render it useful and in- 
 teresting to evay description of readers. 
 
 This Volimie is^ therefore^ offei^ed to the Public^ 
 as a Work^ that comprises an accurate state- 
 ment of the Roads, and also, a distinct, although 
 concise account, of every interesting object in Ire- 
 land. The Proprietor would then hope, that the 
 Stranger will find it, not only a desirable Post- 
 Chaise Companion, of great utility in directing 
 his course along the many Leading and Cross Roads 
 with which this Island is intersected, but also 
 highly valuable, as facilitating his researches into the 
 actual state of the Country, The Native likewise, 
 may derive great advantage from a perusal of the 
 Traveller's Guide, and for tJiis reason, it is humbly 
 recommended to the patronage of the Irish People. 
 
I 
 
 NEW 
 
 i^haveller's guide, 
 
 Ireland is situated between 5° 25" and 10^ 37" W. long, 
 from London, and between 51° 16" and 55"* 15" North lat. being 
 bounded on the East by St. George's Channel, which separates 
 it from England, and a strait fifteen miles broad, dividing it 
 from Scotland; on the South, by the mouth of St. Gcargo's 
 Channel ; on the West, by the Atlantic Ocean ; and on tiie 
 North, by the Scottish Sea. Its greatest extent from North to 
 South, is 285 Irish miles, and its greatest breadth from East 
 to West, 160 Irish miles. Its area is computed to contain 
 11,067,712 Irish plantation acres, comprising every species 
 and variety of soil, fertile, barren, mountainous and boggy, 
 whose different properties will be accurately described, in the 
 subsequent detail of their local situations. 
 
 The most singular peculiarity respecting the Climate of 
 Ireland is its general humidity, universally ascribed to the pre- 
 valence of the western winds wafting hither the accumulated 
 Vapours of the great Atlantic Ocean, which being condensed, 
 and arrested in their progress by the numerous lofty mountains 
 of this island, precipitate in that superabundance of rain, 
 which occasionally overflowing the vallies, forms morasses, 
 and converts the richest soil into a residence for Bitterns, when 
 a counteracting industry is not exerted to diminish the gradual 
 augmentation of such natural depositories. Thus Ireland, for its 
 extent, becomes the best irrigated country in the world, because 
 
KEw traveller's guide 
 
 these accumulated masses of water, by their physical gravity, 
 force a passage, where nature does not oppose insurmountable 
 obstacles; and hence, a'most every townland in the kingdom is 
 not only abundantly supplir>d, but frequently supersaturated 
 with this element. But the benign God of Nature, who fore- 
 sees all possible contingencies, has adapted the soil and sub- 
 stratum to the nature of the climate ; the latter being composed 
 of rocks, destined to filtrate he rain, and to relieve the surface 
 from redundant water. If the soil of Ireland were as dense and 
 impenetrable, as the compact clays and poreless chalks of En- 
 gland, the most fertile portion of this fair island would become 
 utterly uninhabitable; but the rocks are generally cloathed 
 with verdure, and covered vvith a mould of the softest and most 
 delicate turf imaginable ; when rocks and lime-stone do not 
 predominate, harsh tenacious strong loams, difficult to be sub- 
 dued, are very prevalent ; but sandy, dry, friable, mellow, putrid 
 loams are very general, and constitute the best soils both for 
 tillage and for pasture. 
 
 The various lakes, and beautiful rivers, with which this 
 island abounds, contribute to enrich and diversify its natural 
 scenery. The respective situations of the lakes, the sources of 
 the rivers, and the towns they water in their progress, shall 
 be noticed in their proper places. The mountains of Ireland 
 form a pleasing variety, which a flat country can never afford; 
 they contain the finest quarries of beautiful marble, capable of 
 receiving an elegarU polish ; there are also inexhaustible mines 
 of coal, w^hich only want enterprize and capital to render them 
 productive. Mineralogists assert, and experience proves, that 
 this island is not destitute of the precious metals. Iron, copper, 
 and lead ores are found in many places, and profitably wrought 
 by some spirited individuals. Mineral springs of various 
 classes, also have been discovered in many places ; such as the 
 vitriolic alkaline, absorbent, saline, purgative, sulphureous, and 
 ure highly esteemed for their medicinal qualities. 
 
 The Antiquities of Ireland have engaged the attention of 
 many authors of profound erudition ; the result of their re- 
 searches shall be dilio-ently selected, wherever these perishable 
 memorials of human industry have escaped the desolation of 
 barbarit}', or bafHed the corrosive power of all consuming time. 
 Its natural curiosities shall likewise be described wherever they 
 occur. Respecting the Fisheries of Ireland, it is only necessary, 
 briefly to observe, tiiat its fresh waters abound with Pike, 
 Trout, Eels, Salmon, &c. and the surrounding seas are as 
 prolific and abundant in a great variety of the finest and most 
 
FOK IRELAND. 
 
 9 
 
 nutritious species of the finny tribe, as the surface of the island 
 is remarkable for tlie beauty of its verdure, and the richness 
 of its pastures. 
 
 This island is divided into four great Provinces, and thirty 
 two Counties ; the Counties also are subdivided into Baronies 
 and Parishes. 
 
 Leinster Eastward, contains twelve Counties, namely, Dublin, 
 Wicklovv, Wexford, Carlow, Kilkenny, Queen's County, Kii- 
 <lare. King's County, Westmeath, Longford, Louth, and East- 
 meath. 
 
 Munster South, contains six Counties — Waterford, Cork, 
 Kerry, Limerick, Tipperary, Clare. 
 
 Connaught West, has five Counties — Galway, Mayo, Sligo, 
 Lcitrim, and Roscommon. 
 
 Ulster North, contains nine counties — Down, Antrim, Den y, 
 Donegal, Tyrone, Fennanah, Cavan, ISIonaghan, and Armagh., 
 
 DUBLIN. 
 
 Duhlin,-^T\\e general outline of Ireland's situation being 
 thus concisely sketched ; the most interesting object next re- 
 quiring particular attention is Dublin, the nietrepolis of this 
 portion of the United Kingdom, and an archie'piscopal see ; 
 this city is sit uatcd at the bottom of a large Bay, into which 
 the Lilfy, which divides it into nearly two equal portions, 
 disembogues itself. 
 
 The annals of history perhaps cannot produce an instance of 
 increase so prodigious as that which this superb city has 
 exhibited, within these last fifty years, in regard to the beauty, 
 form, spaciousness, and regularity of its lately en cted streets ; 
 the tasteful uniformity of the buildings; the grandeur and 
 magnificence of its public edifices; tho neatness and strength of 
 its lately erected Quay Walls, embanking the river LilFy, from 
 the Royal Barracks at the western extremity, down to Rings- 
 end, where it terminates; and the elegant structure of its 
 Bridges, uniting the northern and southern portions of the 
 city at convenient intervals. There are two Bridges built of 
 coarse rough work still remaining, and they form a very strik- 
 ing contrast, to Carlilsc, Essex and Sarah Bridges; the 
 abutments of another bridge are now built, nearly o[)pos.'te to 
 the Four Courts, which, it is presumed, will correspond in 
 beauty r.nd symmetry with the other modern bridges over the 
 Lilfy. Without referring to the legends of antiquity, or quoting 
 tiie fictions of a fantastical etymology for the original name o; 
 
»EW THAVELLEH'S GUIDE 
 
 tliis city, It Is only necessary to remark, that in the dialect 
 of the natives, it was originally, and still continues in the Irish 
 language, to be denominated Balla na Cleib, and that the vicissi- 
 tudes of its subsequent ajipeUations resulted from the various 
 revolutions it experienced from the reverses and disasters of 
 its different conquerors. The testimony of Ptolemy, who 
 flourished in the hundred and fortieth year of the Christian 
 JEra, confirms its existence as a city at that early period, 
 although no corresponding map survives the ravages of time 
 to delineate its then contracted limits. The mutilated fragments 
 of monastic records testify that the inhabitants of Dublin, after 
 their convcrision to Christianity, were conspicuous in multiplying 
 and instituting difleient orders and denominations of religious 
 Tecluses, for whose perpetual establishment very ample and 
 liberal donations were provided ; but as no traces now exist 
 of these venerable monuments of the pious superstition of our 
 ancestors, it is superfluous to particularise the different scites 
 they formerly occupied. Since it can afford neither amusement 
 nor instruction to describe Dublin as it existed in the fif^ 
 leenth century, we shall rather investigate the expansion, 
 inagificence, and splendour of its present state. This city, 
 exclusively of the advantages it possesses as a seaport for the 
 importation of all foreign merchandise, derives a pecular re- 
 source of internal supply from the extention of two Canals, 
 which nearly environ it, both on the north and south sides ; 
 and when completed to their projected destinations, will esta- 
 blish a chea}:) water conveyance to every part of the kingdom, 
 by communicating with all the navigable lakes and rivers, with 
 •which this island abounds. It is necessary to observe, that the 
 Bay of Dublin, though spacious, is neither safe nor commodious 
 for the entrance or departure of shipping, particularly in the 
 winter season ; this physical defect is in a great measure obviated 
 by the erection of a very strong wall, extending 8564 yards 
 into the Bay, at the extremity of which a Light-House is built 
 for the direction of mariners a]-»proaching the harbour in dark 
 hazy nights. The civil government of the city is vested in a 
 Xord Mayor, twenty^-four Ajderm.en, and ninety-six Common 
 Council Men, from which body, two Sheriffs are annually 
 elected ; the common council men are triennially elected from 
 the different corporations, which consist of twenty-five guilds 
 composed of merchants, tradesmen, artists craftsmen or me- 
 chanics, who take precedence either according to their relative 
 respectability, or the priority of their charters. 
 
 The most correct idea of this city, as to its scale in the 
 ^fteenth century, when inclosed with walls and fortifications, 
 
FOR IRELAND* 
 
 occupying no greater space than one Irlsli mile on the south 
 side of the LifFy, must be formed by a comparison of its then 
 contracted state with its present extent, population, and 
 magnificence. It now comprises nineteen Parisiies, and two 
 Cathedrals, with their respective liberties attached to each 
 particular Cathedral, which will be described according to 
 their relative positions ; — 1st. 
 
 St. WERBURGH'S PARISH. 
 
 St. Werburgh's Parish — Demands precedence from its 
 central situation, and containing the royal seat of government, 
 denominated the Castle, probably because originally confstructed 
 for the purpose of protection and defence, and which was secured 
 with Fosses, Ramparts, Walls, Towers, Draw-bridges, and other 
 antiquated bulwarks, deemed requisite for the preservation of so 
 important a citadel, in the various tumults, rebellions and insur- 
 rections, which repeatedly convulsed the tranquillity of the capital; 
 it is now totally dismantled of such useless incumbrances, 
 inadeqate to repel the systematic assaults of modern tactics; 
 Bermingham Tower, which has been lately repaired, is the 
 only existing remnant of the original clumsy, defences which 
 protected this fortress, and it is now converted into a reposi- 
 tory for preserving the ancient records of the kingdom. The 
 exterior appearance of the Castle, docs not correspond with the 
 beauty, extent, and elegance of its superb apartments; it is 
 divided into two large courts called the upper and lower yards ; 
 the grand entrance to the upper or principal square, is from the 
 lower end of Castle-street. This square is occupied by the 
 Lord Lieutenant, his secretaries, and other officers attached 
 to his household, and required for the dispatch of public busi- 
 ness ; the lower Castle- yard contains the Treasury, Board of 
 Ordinance, Quarter-master General, War Secretary's, and other 
 oftices, requisite for the conducting of great national concerns ; 
 Jiere also are an arsenal, an armory for eighty-thousand men, 
 ' besides other militaiy buildings. TheCastlc-chapel, araostperfect 
 piece of Gothic architecture, lately erected in this yard, cannot fail 
 to strike every spectator with mingled sensations of reverence and 
 veneration. The Castle, with its garden and dependencies, occu- 
 pies nine acres and four perches. 
 
 Royal Exchange, — The Royal Exchange is situated in the 
 centre of the city opposite to Parliament Street and Essex Bridge, 
 of which it commands a pleasing view. The form of this superb 
 edifice is nearly square, having three fronts of Portland stone 
 \\\ the Corinthian order, crowned by a dome in the centre of 
 
6 
 
 KEW TRAVELLER'S GUlDIu 
 
 ihc building. A range of six columns, with tlieir correspondent 
 pilasters and entablatures, sustaining a noble pediment highly 
 decorated, adorn the north front of this deliohtful structure. 
 Its interior decorations emulate its exterior magnificent appear- 
 ance ; its CofFee-Room extends almost the whole length of 
 th^^ nortli iV<int ; at the extremity of Castle Street, opposite the 
 Exchange, are tv^o Banking-houses, very neat stone fronted 
 buiidnigs. 
 
 Sf. Wcrlmrgh's C/mrcJi.— The Parochial Churcli of St. Wer- 
 burghs, before it was deprived of its beautiful lofty spire, con- 
 it tutetl one of the principal ornaments of this city, displaying 
 elegance, grandeur and magnificence. 
 
 Gross Population of St. IVcrburgk's Parish. — 3,629 Inhabitants. 
 
 Hujjei^ces. — 10 Acres, 3 Roods, 35 Perches. 
 
 St. ANDREW'S PARISH. 
 
 St. Andrew's Parish — Comprises many public buildings, 
 among which the Theatre Royal, Crow Street, may be included, 
 though its external gloomy apjK^arance exhibits no architectural 
 decorations to attract particular attention. But this deficiency 
 of elegance is fully coi:jpensated by a rich profusion of internal 
 embellishments and allegorical devices, and it is deemed admi- 
 rably well calculated for the mutual convenience of the actors 
 and the audience. 
 
 Commercial Buildings. — Tins spacious edifice is situated on 
 the north side of Dame Street, and constitutes a proud memorial 
 of commercial taste, elegance, and liberality, affording comforta- 
 ble accommodations to such travellers as may choose to prefer 
 this delightful mansion to other hotels, during th ir temporary 
 residence in the city. The Coffee-room is very extensive, and 
 the several brokers' offices erected in an inclosed square are 
 fitted up in the best manner tor their different and respective 
 purposes. 
 
 Dalys Club-House. — On the north side of College- Green, 
 stands Daly's Club -House, a very neat building, constructed 
 of hewn mountain stone. — It is appropriated for the accom- 
 modation and enteriainment of noblemen and gentlemen, 
 composing this fiishionable and expensive Club. 
 
 Hound Church. — On the south side, stands the Parochial 
 Church, at the end of a very narrow lane; it is designated with 
 the appellation of the Round Church from the singularity of 
 its circular form ; its w^alls are covered v/ith a plaster, imitating 
 Jiewn stone: over its great door is erected a figure represent^ 
 
FOR JREIiAN^D* 
 
 7 
 
 ing the martyrdom of St. Andrew, remarkable for its being 
 the onl}' external decoration exhibited in tront of any Protest- 
 ant church since the reformation. — A very strong abutment of 
 a steeple is built, which if finished, would contribute to remove 
 the reproach, that our city cliurches are less adorned by steeples 
 than any others in Christendom. — Its variegated ceiling, seems 
 too glittering for the solemnity of divine worshi}). 
 
 Bank of Ireland. — This exquisitely superb pile, formerly the ^ , 
 Parliament House, is situated on the north side of College ^ 
 Green, contiguous to the College; it is built of Portland stone; 
 its east front opens into Westmoreland-Street, the west front 
 into Foster- Place; its grand portico in College-Green, extends 
 147 feet, and is of the Ionic order, which may be imitated, 
 but cannot be exceeded for architectural beauties; the Guard 
 House, now finished in FosterPlace, is built in a correspond- 
 ing stile of magnificence. — The sciteof this stupenduous edifice 
 covers an acre and half of ground, and its fiat roof is 
 sufficiently spacious to receive a regiment of soldiers. Its 
 external structure required to undergo no alterations, when 
 converted to its present destination. 
 
 King William'' s Statue. — In the centre of College- Green , 
 an equestrian statue of our glorious and immortal deliverer. 
 King William the Third, is erected. 
 
 Post Office. — This edifice, more important as a national 
 establishment, than conspicuous for architectural beauty, is 
 situated in College-Green, opposite to the grand front of the 
 Bank of Ireland ; but as another scite is fixed for the erection 
 of a new Post Office, on the west side of Sackville- Street, 
 and the first stone having been laid by the Lord Lieutenant, on 
 the 12th of August, 1814-, it may be confidently presumed, 
 that the polished taste of the present post-masters general 
 will have it constructed on an extensive scale of elegance, 
 corresponding to its dignity and utility. 
 
 Trinity College. — Opposite to College-Green, stands Trinity 
 College; the structure of this University exhibits the appear- 
 ance of a modern royal mansion, and it is a very splendid 
 edifice ; The form of the building is a paralellogram ; extending 
 in front 300 feet, and in depth about 600; divided into tv/o 
 nearly equal squares ; to which one side of a third square is 
 lately added, and is gradually extending; the grand front is 
 built of Portland stone, most tastefully ornamented with Corin- 
 thian pillars and other decorations; in the centre of the front 
 is the vestibule terminated with groined arches, over which 
 the Museum; on the north side of the front square stands the 
 
ft 
 
 t4i:W TRAVELLfell*S GUIDE 
 
 Chapel, beautifully decorated with four Connthian pillai*3;, 
 sui)portiiig a pediment; on the south side of this square, is 
 erected the Theatre, opposite the Chapel, with the front of 
 which it exactly corresponds ; on the same side of the square 
 with the Chapel, stands the Refectory or Dining Hall, con- 
 taining a room sufficiently spacious to entertain tiiree hundred 
 persons ; over which is th j Historical Society-room. Tim 
 front of this hall is adorned with four Ionic pihisters; in the 
 Vacant space between the front and lower square, is the scite 
 where the new steeple is intended to be erected ; the interior 
 square is partly composed of plain brick buildings ; containing 
 apartments for the students; the south side of this square 
 is occupied by a superb library, supported by a piaza, 
 admirably adapted for the recreation of students in wet 
 v/eather; the inside is spacious, commodious and magnifi- 
 cent ; the shelves are richly stored with the productions of 
 the best ancient and modern authors: the galleries are em- 
 bellished with busts of the most celebrated personages, whose 
 labours have so essentially contributed to civilize and enlighten 
 mankind. 
 
 Printing Office, — The Printing Office is a neat modern 
 structure ; the front of which is adorned with four Corinthian 
 pillars supporting a pediment. 
 
 Anatomy House — The Anatomy House, situated in the 
 south side of the Park, contains a very curious collection of 
 waxen figures representing women in every stage of pregnancy; 
 and other natural curiosities^ 
 
 The Park. — The Park, and Bowling-Green, adjoining the 
 inner square, for the amusement, recreation, and relaxatioH 
 of the students, are both beautiful and spacious. 
 
 Provost's Ploiise. — The Provost's House, erected on the 
 east side of Grafton -Street, contiguous to the College, is 
 built of free-stone, richly embellished in the first story by isicle 
 and rusticated work, and in the second, by a range of 
 pilasters in the Doric order, with their entablatures and 
 pedestals between each ; under the v/indows are balustrades, 
 and in the centre, a Venetian windov/ of the Tuscan order; 
 the apartments are judiciously disposed and elegantly decorated: 
 the offices, which are detached from the house, and appear like 
 wings, are neat and commodious. — The garden attached to 
 this superb mansion, is exclusively appropriated to the relaxa- 
 tion of the provost and fellows. 4f 
 
 Accotint of this EstaUishment. — The statutes originally granted 
 to this university experienced subsequent modifications, adapted 
 
rOR IRELAND. 
 
 m existing circumstances, and to supply previous defects; tlie 
 members composing this intellectual corporation, consist of 
 Provost, Fellows and Scholars, all supported on the founda- 
 tion. The Fellows are subdivided into senior and junior divisi- 
 ons, the senior denomination consisting of seven members; the 
 junior fellows now consist of eighteen members, and the scholars 
 comprise seventy members. 
 
 The Srmior Fellows, — (Seven,) constitute a board at which the 
 Provost presides at every deliberation held respecting collegiate 
 reguLttions and internal discipline ; or in his absence, the vice 
 Provost, who is the senior member of this venerable tribunal : 
 to this revereiid body is exclusively entrusted the examinations 
 for fellowshisps and scholarships, and the selection of the can- 
 didates is decided by a majority of voices ; and thus every stu- 
 dent ambitious to acquire literary distinction is certain of 
 obtaining a most impartial and delibeiate scrutiny of his 
 relative merit and actual proficiency, and is either amply re- 
 warded for his industry, or rejected in consequence of manifest 
 inferiority ; hence it rarely happens, that any appeals are made 
 to the visitors from the decision of this scrupulous and con- 
 sciencious body. 
 
 Jimior Fellows. — Junior Fellows, who are eligible from Gra- 
 duates who have studied in this college, superintend and direct 
 the studies of the different denominations of students, and con- 
 stitute legitimate guardians and protectors during xhinv pupil- 
 ship, subject, however, to the inspection and animauversion 
 of the board, under whose control all the subordinate depart- 
 ments aro governed, and conducted. The stipend paid by 
 the students constitutes the best source of the Junior Fellow's 
 emolument, which fiuctuates according to the number of his 
 pupils. 
 
 Scholars — The Scholars constitute the third or last order of 
 this enlightened corporation, for which honourable distinction 
 any senior or junior sophister may become a candidate, whose 
 prospect of success depends on an accurate knowledge of every 
 geographical, historical and chronological event recorded in a 
 very extensive range of Greek and Latin classics selected for 
 this important scrutiny. The students are distinguished by the 
 different appellations of Fellow Commoners, Pensioners, and 
 Sizars, llie Commoners are the sons of noblemen, Iiaronets, 
 or private wealthy individuals, and wear badges indicative of 
 theii^rank and nobility: this des-criplion of students enjoys the 
 exclusive privilege of dining at the Fellows' table, for which 
 indulgence they pay accordingly. The pensioner^ and scholaj$ 
 
 c 
 
10 
 
 KEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 sit at (lifTerent tables, according to tlieir respective staiklin^r, 
 {iiul are served vt^itha single plain joint of beef or mutton, amply 
 sunki'-nt for the number which composes each particular 
 mess. The Sizars, only thirty in number, are sup})orted by 
 the founchition. It is much to be re*n'etted, that the CoHene 
 funds w'll not admit any aujjmentation of so meritorious a 
 class of indigent students, more particularly when the liberality 
 of Parliament has so a nply provided for the maintentmce and 
 education of a very difTei ont description of students in a lately 
 erected and end(Hvcd college. Matters are ver} differently 
 conducted in En;:rl;ind and Scotland, where many encourage- 
 ments and inducements are held forth to destitute lads of merit 
 to prepare themselves for the ministry; but here, alas, there is no 
 hope for a young man emerging from the cells of an university 
 (if destitute of political coonexions) vvho may enter into holy^ 
 orders, except what the casual advertisement of a vacant curacy 
 may afford ; this alarming evil requires a corresponding correc- 
 tive from those exalted characters more immediately intrusted 
 with the governmentof our ecclesiastical establishment. Thereare 
 five royal professorships, namely, Divinit}^, Common Law, Civil 
 Law, Physic and Greek ; Sir Patrick Dunn has also founded 
 three professorships, viz. Theory and Practice of Physic, and 
 Materia Medica. The University professorships are Anatomy 
 and Surgery, Chemistry and Botany; thereare professorships of 
 Astronomy, Mathematics, Natural Philosophy, Oriental Langua- 
 ges, Oratory, and History; its visitors are a Chancellor and vice 
 Chancelor, it returns one member to the Imperial Parliament 
 elected <by Fellows and Scholars for the time being. 
 
 The number of students of every denomination is at present 
 about 1,300 
 
 Royal Irish Academe/, — This builing is situated on the west 
 side of Grafton Street, nearly opposite the Provost's house, more 
 distinguished for the cultivated talent of its members than any 
 sirit ing singularity in thf external elegance of the edifice; its 
 apart i! en ts arehovvevcr, sufficiently commodious for the intended 
 pur];ose. 
 
 Gross Population of St. A>>:irc':!DS Parish, — 7,682 Individuals. 
 Supcrjices.—4:^ Acres, 2 Roods, .'^0 Perches. 
 
 St. MARK'S PARISH. 
 
 St. Ma' k'-^ Parjsii. — Vrhich comprises all the quays from 
 Westmoreland Street, to the Floating Docks of the Grand 
 Canal, contains some public edifices of national consequence 
 nnd utility. 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 n 
 
 Dublin Sockfy House. — The Dublin Society House, in 
 Hawkins Street, stands supereminently conspicuoiis, and is 
 iidmirably adapted to the purposes for which it was erected, 
 containing a ilieatre for the public delivery of experimental, 
 botanical, and chemical lectures ; a Laboratory, a Library, 
 •Schools for the fine arts, a spacious Gallery for busts, a 
 Museum for specimens of natural curiosities, and other spacious 
 apartments for constructing and exhibiting the best models of 
 agricultural implements. The liberal encouragement offered 
 by this Society for every useful improvement, hivention, and 
 discovery in mechanism and husbandry, must eventually 
 produce corresponding benefits to Ireland. 
 
 Lock Hospital. — This Hospital is situated inTov/nsend Street, 
 for the indiscriminate reception of indigent persons afHicted 
 with that most disgusting, and distructive malady, the Venereal 
 Disease, this recepticle of misery always abounds with an 
 assemblage of leperous and contaminated objects of both 
 fcexes. This edifice is a modern i-tructure of hewn mountain 
 intone, with two projecting wings similarly constructed, and is 
 capable of containing three hundred victiius of human depravity. 
 
 Marine School. — The Hibernian Marine School situated 
 in Sir John Kogerson's Quay, is an extensive regular building, 
 fronted with hewn stone, consisting of a centre and two v/ings, 
 the eastern wing is a very neat chapel, and the western is 
 the School-room ; this institution is exclusively reserved for 
 cloathing, educating, and maintaining the ciiildren and orphans 
 of seamen eitheir dying, or decayed in his Majesty's navy ; 
 v/lien they are properly qualified in this excelKiit seminary, 
 in which they learn theoretical navigation, they are then ap- 
 prenticed in ihe navy, or in merchantmen, according as oppor- 
 tunities offer, many of whom, from the advantages of an eai-ly 
 nautical education, become captains of private traders, and 
 acquire riches, but some improvements might still be added, to 
 render this valuable institution still more perfect, such as a 
 diminitive sloop or frigate about twenty or twenty-five feet long, 
 placed i!i a floating dock constructed for that purpose, where 
 the boys, might be gradually instructed to handle, and distin- 
 guish the use of every rope, tacklt^ sail, an-J pully, requisite 
 to navigate either a ship of war or of burden ; thus theory and 
 practice might be incorporated by a simple and practical)}^ 
 ai*rangement ; and if schools, similarly constituted were el ected 
 jn the principal sea-port towns of every maritime county o| 
 the united kingdonij that degrading stigma, and solitary exist- 
 
NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 ing exception to the unfettered enjoyment of uncontrolled li- 
 berty, tlie impressment of sailors, would in the course of a few- 
 years, be utterly extinguished, and the abundant supply of such 
 scienrilic mariners as these nautical re})Osit()ries could furnish, 
 would serve to perpetuate our maritime splendor and national 
 glory. 
 
 Parish Church. — The Parochial Church, situated in Mark 
 Street, is spacious and commodious, but totally destitute 
 of architectur.'d embellishments, and it is disfigured with the 
 remains of a mutilated steeple: this parish from its local situation, 
 and extensive surface must in the process of time become very 
 populous. 
 
 Gross Population of St. Mark's Parish. — 8,692 Inhabitants. 
 Superficcs. — 59 Acres, 0 Roods, 31 Perches. 
 
 St. ANN'S PARISH. 
 
 Sr. Ann's Parish — Derives considerable importance from 
 the rank and splendor of its principal inhabitants ; it com- 
 prises some elegant and fashionable streets, which the opulent 
 alone can inhabit. The north side of St. Stephen's Green 
 constitutes a portion of this parish, most of whose edifices are 
 elegant, and chiefly inhabited by the great law officers, prelates, 
 and private opulent individuals; the trading streets are occu- 
 pied by industrious shop-keepers, and the retired private ones 
 by people in moderate circumstances. At the corner of Kildare- 
 strcet in St. Stephens Green, is situated 
 
 Shelburne House, — An old venerable fabric, now converted 
 into a temporary barrack. In Dawson -street, is situated the 
 
 Ma7ision House, — Remarkable only for being the chief magis- 
 trate's residence: its apartments, however, are sufficiently 
 spacious to accomodate the illustrious guests that periodically 
 partake of its stated hospitalities. In ttie garden opposite the 
 street, stands an equestrian statue of King George the First. 
 
 Parish Church. — The Parochial Church is situated on the 
 same side of this street with the Mansion House ; the interior 
 decorations of this edifice di.<play simple elegance: its front 
 consists of a range of Doric pilasters, with their regular en- 
 tablatures, but for the want of a proper termination, it has ail 
 unfinished appearance. 
 
 Pioual Mi.il-Coach Hotel, — Distinguished by a plastering, in 
 imitation of hewn sranite, is situated in this street, Irontinfj 
 Moiesworth-street; and the accommodations it affi^rds to the 
 wearied stranger, arriving late at nio^ht in a city where 
 perhaps he has neither acquaintance nor connexions, must 
 prove a most gi'atifying consideration. 
 
rOR IRELAND. 
 
 13 
 
 Le'mster House. — Opposite the termination of Molesworlh- 
 street stands that princely mansion, Leinster House, the town 
 residence of his Grace the Duke of Leinster; the entr.mce to 
 this massy structure is tii rough a grand gate-way of rustic 
 stone work towards the street, but within, an elegant triumphal 
 arch of the Ionic order, is exhibited, leading into a spacious 
 court-yard, and forming the segment of a circle before the 
 principal front, which extends an hundred and forty feet, and 
 is composed of a rustic basement, supported in the centre by 
 three quarter Corinthian columns, raised on pedestals. The 
 windows of the principal story are ornamented with entabla- 
 tures and pedimentfs, those of the attic story with architraves 
 only ; connected with this front, on each side, are two corres- 
 ponding colonades of the Doric order, leading to the offices ; 
 the garden front, plain, yet bold, possesses a pleasing simplicity; 
 the interior embellishments emulate the exterior architectural 
 decorations of this superb pile : this edifice with its appendages, 
 covers a surface of seven Acres, three Roods, and thirty six 
 Perches. 
 
 The Stamp-Office. — Formerly Powerscourt House, is situated 
 on the East side of William-street ; the W^cst front is remark- 
 able for the beauty of the design, and excellence of workman- 
 ship ; the assent to the house is by a double flight of stairs, 
 of a singular, yet convenient form ; the first story is enriched 
 by rustic arched windows, and an entablature of the Doric 
 order, continued throughout the front: in the centre of the 
 second story is a Venetian window of the Ionic order ; and the 
 vcindows at each side are ornamented with pedestals, architrave, 
 frize, cornice, and pediment. The windows in the attic story 
 are decorated with architraves ; in the centre a quadrangular 
 building is elevated above the rest of the front, that serves for 
 an observatory, and commands a fine prospect of the Bay and 
 adjacent country. The necessary offices attached to this esta- 
 blishment form an inclosed square, which is entered by a de- 
 tached covered gate-way. 
 . Gross Population of St. AmCs Parish, — 7,228 Individuals. 
 Supeyjices. — C3 Acres, 0 Roods, 27 Perches. 
 
 St. PETER'S PARISH. ' 
 
 St Petfr's Parish, — Which is the most considerable in the 
 city for extent, opulence, and the distinction of its inhabit^mts, 
 its spacious modern erected streets, and superb squares, being 
 exclusively adapted for the residence of inhabitants of rank, 
 wealth anti affluence ; at the verge of this Parish, near the Canal 
 Bridge leading to the Artichoke Road, the Clinical Hospital i.s 
 
KEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 erected, a very beautiful modern structure, where Medical Stu- 
 dents are practically instructed in the various diseases incident 
 to the human I'raine, by exhibiting and explaining the different 
 cnses which occur in the practice of this Hospital, founded for 
 tliis very particular ))urpose : a Medicinal Botanic Garden, si- 
 tuated near Ball's Bridge, is connected with this most useful 
 establishment. 
 
 Merrion Square^ — Though not so extensive as St. Stephen's 
 Green, is tasteiuliy arranged, and particularly attractive; for 
 the beauty, siymnictry, and uniformity of its buildings being all 
 of the same elevation, and differing in no other particular but 
 that a few houses have the fu st story fronted with hewn moun- 
 tain stone; whether this trifling deviation from the general uni- 
 formity, constitutes a beauty or defect, uiust be decided by in- 
 dividual opinion and taste: its area is inclosed with iron pali- 
 sades, and tastefully ornamented with shrubberies and spacious 
 gravel walks, much frequented by tlie neighbouring fashion- 
 ables: this square contains 12^ acres within the railing. 
 
 Barrack-office. — Contiguous to this square stands the Bar- 
 rack Board Oflice, a plain brick building, fitly arranged 
 for this purpose. 
 
 In Lower Baggot- street, beyond Macartney's Bridge, there is 
 a very spacious niodern erected building, appropriated by the 
 Incorporated Society for the reception of such females as have 
 been reared and instructed in the different charter schools, 
 where they arc comfortably lodged and maintained, until ap- 
 prenticed to respectable protestant families. 
 
 Fitsmlliam-Sqiiare. — Between Baggot- Street and I.eeson 
 Street, Fitswilliam- Square is situated : the buildings in this neat 
 little square are rapidly increasing ; the area is inclosed with 
 a low wall of cut stone, palisaded, and tastefully ornamented 
 with shrubberies, ever-greens, &c. 
 
 Magdalen Asylum. — In Leeson- Street is situated the Mag- 
 dalen Asylum, for the reception of penitent and reformed pros- 
 titutes, who prefer a life of secluded employment to vice and 
 infamy : a very neat chapel is annexed to this establishment, 
 which is crowded every Sunday by. a^. very fashijonable congj^e- 
 gation, whose liberal donations materially contribute to support 
 the Institution, 
 
 St. Stephen's Green — Is considered one of the largest squares 
 in Europe, being nearly an English mile round, and contains 
 upwards of seventeen acres within the ditch ; in the centre is 
 erected a brazen equestrian statue of George the Second ; the 
 gravel walk surrounding this spacious square is adorned with 
 iuU grown trees^ many of which are gradually decaying, and 
 
rOR IRELANI>. 
 
 15 
 
 there appears no disposition to supply the deficiency : the several 
 houses forming this square are very much diversified in tlie 
 stile of their architecture, which variety, according to the opi- 
 nion of different judges, may be deemed a beauty rather 
 than a blemish : this square is to be ornamented and palisaded 
 in a similar stile of modern neatness, with the other squares of 
 this city, for the accomplishment of which design, an act 
 passed tf e legislature in the last session of parliament. 
 
 The Royal College of Surgeons, — Situated on the west side of 
 Stephen's Green, at the corner of York-street, lias a beautiful 
 front opposite the Green, which is deemed an exquisite monu- 
 ment of architectural elegance : on the opposite side of Yc^rk- 
 street is erected a dissenting Meeting House, a plain spacious 
 stone structure. 
 
 The Parocliial Church — Situated in Ami gier- street, is more 
 remarkable for its internal conveniencies than for its external 
 appearance, being totally destitute of any architectural deco- 
 rations. 
 
 The Incorporated Society House — Is also situated in Aungier- 
 street : here all the children admitted into the different charter 
 schools are inspected for admission. 
 
 St. Kevin's Church.— United to St. Peter's, is a neat little 
 structure, much resembling a village church, it is situated at 
 the end of a lane branching from Kevin-street. 
 
 Portobello Hotel. — The Grand Canal Hotel is a beautiful 
 plain stone structure, lately erected at Poitobello, by the Grand 
 Canal Company, for the accommcxlation of passengers travel- 
 ling by the boats to and from Dublin ; near this Ilotel a 
 new Bason has been lately excavated, to afford an additional 
 supply of water to the immence population on the south side of 
 the river Liffy, and forms a beautiful sheet of water covering 
 four acres, and inclosed with a stone wall. On the south side 
 of the Grand Canal a very spacious Cavnlry Barrack has 
 been lately erected, consisting of a very large range" of build- 
 ings, which, with the necessary offices, stables, &c. occupy a 
 space of IS acres. That enchanting outlet Kathmines, is also 
 situated in this Parish. 
 
 Mercers Hospital, — Situatetl on the soutii side of Ste- 
 phen-Street, for the reception of patients afflicted with various 
 distempers, or injured by unforeseen accidents, is a plaia 
 structure, with a front of hewn stone ; here also poor room- 
 keepers are gratuitously supplied with medicine, and - receive 
 medical advice. 
 
 ' Gross PopulatiGH of St. Peter's Parish.— 10,063 Inhabitant'^. 
 Snpc7jices.-^l^l Acres, 0* Roods, 21 Perches, 
 
NEW 1'IIAVEIXETI*S GUIDE 
 
 St. PATRICK'S CATHEDRAL. 
 
 St. Patrick's Cathedral, — A venerable ancient Gothic 
 pile, stands on the east side of Patrick- Street, and is deco- 
 rated with the highest steeple in the city on which a lofty 
 spire is erected : the banners of the knights of St. Patrick, 
 with their swords and helmets, adorn their respective stalls 
 in the choir. There arc some very curious monuments, 
 both in the choir and aisle, which merit insjicction, and bafile 
 description. The different avenues leading to this temple of 
 piety are narrow, filthy, and offensive, and may be aptly assi- 
 milated to the pilgrim's progress to felicity through the legen- 
 dary torture of a purgatoreal ordeal ; its external appearance 
 is totally obscured by a heavy dead wall, or by miserable 
 huts disgusting to sensibility : the only visible portion is the 
 grand entrance, the door of which seldom opens, of which it 
 may truly be said "crepuerunt cardine fores." What a different 
 aspect would an iron railing exhibit, inclosing this magnifi- 
 cent structure, and tastefully planted, in such a manner as 
 that by which Monkstown Church is adorned ! want of space 
 cannot be pleaded in justification of the omission ; and the 
 liberality of the wjde streets commissioners would amply 
 remunerate any possible damage claimed and established by the 
 motley intruders, on these sacred premises, and thus ob- 
 viate and reniove the pretence of inability to make such 
 decently necessary alterations and improvements. Truly the 
 dignity of our ecclesiastical establishment loudly demands such 
 an exertion to remove and extinguish these nuisances. This 
 venerable fabric has been lately new roofed, and its interior has 
 undergone a thorough repairing. It is to be presumed that the 
 ordinary revenues would not admit the expcnce of such addi- 
 tional costly embellishments as the polished taste of the present 
 cnliglitened Dean might suggest, if possessed of means to 
 gratify his inclination : -St. Patrick's well, in the south side 
 of the Cathedral is still frequently resorted to by the super- 
 stitious multitude for its imaginary virtues, though its water 
 seems totally destitute of metallic impregnation to justify any 
 inherent healing quality. 
 
 March's Librari/. — Contiguous to the Cathedral stands 
 March's Library, plentifully s ored with a select collection 
 of scarce, choice, and valuable books, it is open every day, from 
 eleven until three; (Sundays and holidays excepted,) all gentle- 
 men and graduates have free access to enrich their minds v»ith 
 the contents of its inteliectual treasures, . 
 
FOR IRELAND, 
 
 Episcopal Palace, — Now converted into a permanent barrack, 
 is situated in Kevin- Street, 
 
 The Deanry House, — Also erected in Kevin-Street, is a neat 
 plain brick building, iiaving a spacious inclosed court yard 
 in the front. 
 
 Gross Population of St, Patricks Parish. — 2,081 Individuals. 
 Superfices. — 9 Acres, 3 Roods, 36 Perches. 
 
 St. BRIDE'S PARISH. 
 
 St. Bride's Parish, — Situated in a very central part of 
 the city, is principally inhabited by merchants, traders, shop- 
 keepers and mechanics ; there are some very genteel private 
 streets in this parish, inhabited by vv^ealthy individuals. The 
 Royal Hibernian Theatre in Peter-street, is the only public 
 building in this Parish, except its Church. 
 
 The Parochial Church, — Is situated in Bride-Street ; a plain 
 commodious unadorned stoue edifice. 
 
 Gross Population of St. Bride's Parish. — 8,009, Individuals. 
 
 Superfices. — 36 Acres. 3 Roods, 35 Perches, 
 
 St. NICHOLAS WITHIN. 
 
 St. Nicholas Within, — Is the smallest Parish in Dublin; 
 but from its very central, and advantageous situation for trade, 
 is inhabited by industrious and wealthy shop-keepers, and 
 other respectable individuals concerned in different traffics. 
 
 Tailor's Hall, — A very spacious Room, for the accommodation 
 ©f that numerous and respectable corporation, is situated in that 
 part of Back-lane belonging to this Parish. 
 
 The Parochial Church, — Situiited in Nicholas-street, is adorned 
 with a neat front of hewn blue lime-stone, and a tolerably lofty 
 square steeple ; the City Tholsel former);^ stood contiguous to 
 this church. 
 
 Gross Population of St. Nicholas JVithin. — 1,121 Individuals. 
 Superfices. — 5 Acres, 3 Roods, 27 Perches. 
 
 CHRIST CHURCH. 
 
 Christ Church — Stands on the summit of the risinop around 
 at the head of Wine-Tavern Street. It is a venerable Gothic pile, 
 and its present appearance evinces its antiquity. Antecedently 
 to the Reicrmation, it was a priory. The bishop of Kildare, 
 for the time being, is also dean 'of Christ Chm-ch. All the ave- 
 
 D 
 
u 
 
 HEW TRAVELLtri's GUIDE 
 
 lines leading to this Cathecb'al, arc narrow and inconvenictit, 
 and its external form is totally obseured by the ruinous and de- 
 cayed walls of the old Four Courts, which formerly stood in 
 Christ Cluiirch Lane; but as very considerable improvements 
 are now making in this (juarter of the city, by the Wide Street 
 Corporation, these nuisances will be speedily removed, and 
 Christ Church will then assume a more dignified exterior aspect. 
 
 Si. Man/s Chapel. — Tiiis Cathedral possesses no architectural 
 beauty, or internal decorntion as a public structure ; and its 
 existence might be well dispensed with, now that the Parochial 
 Church of St. Michaels is rebuilt, and its removal would mate- 
 rially ccmtribute to adorn this ancient edifice. There are some 
 curious monuments in this Cathedral, which will deserve par- 
 ticular inspection. The liberties of this Cathedral only cover 
 1 acre, 1 rood, and 2 perches, and its population amounts to 
 2S2 individuals. 
 
 Sr. JOHN'3 PARISH. 
 
 Sr. JoHN^s Parish — Is occupied by a very wealthy and res- 
 pectable class of ii habitants, who live by commerce, traffic, and 
 other useful occupations ; its back streets and bye lanes are in- 
 Jiabited by that description of mechanics and labouring peo- 
 ple generally occupying similar situations. There has been 
 lately erected a most beautiful Catholic Chapel in Smock Alley, 
 on the side where the play-house formerly stood. As a public 
 structure, it materially contributes to ornament that portion of 
 the city ; it is built of hewn mountain stone, tastefully embellish- 
 ed, and ju'liciously d:corated. 
 
 77ie Parochial Churchy — Situated in Fisliamble Street, has a 
 very beautiful front of hewn stone, decorated with Doric co- 
 lumns supporting a pediment. 
 
 Gross Po7)idafion of St. JohrCs Parish. — i,14'2 Individuals>. 
 
 Super/ices. — 1 1 Acres, 2 Roods, 32 Perches. 
 
 St. MICPIAEL'S PARISH. 
 
 Sr. Micfiael's Parish — Is also very small, and its only pub- 
 lic edifice is its Parochial Church, lately rebuilt; a very neat 
 structure, with Gothic windows. Its steeple is very ancient, lof- 
 ty^ massy, and of a square form. High-street, the principal por- 
 tion of this little parish, being commodiously situated for busi- 
 ness, is chiefly inhabited by wealthy industrious and respectabW 
 shop-keepers. 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 19 
 
 Gtvss Popul&iion of Si, Michael's Parish. — 2,599 Individuals. 
 Supcijice^, — 5 Acres, 3 Roods, 27 Perches. 
 
 St. AUDEON'S PARISH. 
 
 St, Audeon's Parish — Comprises that description cf inha- 
 bitants, which, by indefatigable industry and incessant applica- 
 tion to business, acquire competence, and not unfrequently be- 
 come affluent. 
 
 Parochial Church — Its only public edifice is its Parochial 
 Church, situated in a narrow lane diverging from Corn-Market. 
 Its external appearance is totally concealedfrom public view by the 
 ^urroundmg buildings closely heaped upon it. In its internal 
 arrangcm.ents, it is spacious, comfortable and commodious, and 
 has a few curious monuments : the steeple is very lofty, and of 
 a square form, but so situated as to lose much of its effect. 
 
 Gross Population cf St, Andicw's Parish, — 5,191 Individual?. 
 
 Supeijiccs, — 24f Acres, 2 Roods, 29\ Perches. 
 
 St. CATHERINE'S PARISH. 
 
 St. Catherine's Parish — Abounds with a numerous swarm 
 of poor mechanics, who occupy tenements in lanes, and alleyi^, 
 and generally exhibit a meagre, sickly, and squalid appearance, 
 caused either by habitual intoxication, by poverty, by theii* 
 sedentary employments, or by the foul air engendered and in- 
 haled in these crowded and unwholesome habitations ; or per- 
 haps the prevalence of this diseased, palid countenance may be 
 the result of these causes united, and operating on the constitu- 
 tion of the same individual. Here also live many wealthy ma- 
 nufacturers, whose enterprising spirit affords continual enjploy- 
 ment to the industrious and sober portion of these poor mecha- 
 nics. Thomas- Street has been long established for supplying 
 country dealers, who are here assorted with those articles re- 
 quired by country customers ; and therefore, the mercantile tran- 
 sactions conducted here, must be very considerable, and form a 
 presumptive proof of the wealth of its inhabitants. 
 
 Four Court Marshals, — In Marshal-lane, near Thomas - 
 Street, is situated, that impregnable fortress, vulgarly called 
 the Four Court Marshals ; a garrison which can never be sur- 
 prised through a defficiency of inmates; — a garrison which 
 possesses the magical enchantm^ent, like Medusa's head, of petri- 
 fying tho stoutest champion, entangled in the meshes of • 
 
NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 legal net, artfully set by a crafty attorney ; — a garrison whence 
 no victim of dissipation, or credulous dupe of violated con- 
 fidence, if once immured, is suffered to depart, until he pay 
 the utmost farthing, unless released from this penitential and 
 purgatoreal ordeal, by the plenary indulgence of a legislative 
 absolution. 
 
 Farochial Church. — The Parochial Church, situated on the 
 south side of Thomas-street, is fronted with white mountain 
 stone in the Doric order; four semicf)lumns support a noble 
 pediment in the centre; on the entablature, at each side of 
 the pediment, is a handsome stone bidustrade. — but the want 
 of a steeple gives the whole an unfinished appearance. 
 
 Market House. — In this street also stands the Market House; 
 a massy fabric, raised on piazas, but most injudiciouly situated, 
 as it very materially obstructs the free intercourse of this 
 great thorough-fare. 
 
 Fever Hospital. — This laudable Institution, situated in 
 Cork-stieet, is experimentally proved to be the most effica- 
 cious means of checking the progress of this contagious dis- 
 temper, by the facility it affords of immediately removing the 
 infected object from that foetid atmosphere, which probably 
 engendered the malady ; and then the apartment where the 
 patient contracted the disorder, after his speedy conveyance 
 to the Hospital, is cleaned, fumigated, and white washed ; and 
 thus every precaution that human foresight can devise is taken 
 to arrest the future ravages of the disease. It is a plain capa- 
 cious stone structure, erected in a detached airy situation, 
 and no institution can possibly be more regularly conducted. 
 
 Weaver's Hall. — On the Coombe, stands Weaver's Hall, 
 a very considerable ornament to that quarter of the city. 
 
 Gross Fopulation of St. Catherine's Farish. — 20,176, Indivi- 
 duals. 
 
 Superfices. — 47 Acres, 0 Roods, 25 Perches. 
 
 St. NICHOLAS WITHOUT. 
 
 St. Nicholas Without. — In this Parish on the south 
 side of the Circular Road, and on the west of New-street, 
 in a most airy detached situation, is now erecting, on a most 
 extensive scale, a Penitentiary for that description of felons 
 hitherto transported to Botany Bay ; strength and durability 
 must be the prominent features of such an edifice, and from 
 the specimen the portion already built exhibits, it promises 
 not to be destitute of architectural elegance. 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 21 
 
 Hie Parochial Churchy — Is in ruins. 
 
 Its population is chiefly composed of victuallers/clothicrp, 
 manuflicturers, mechanics and other labouring (lassos. 
 
 Gross Population of St. Nicholas Without. — 1253 06, Indivi- 
 duals. 
 
 Superficcs. — ^1 Acres, 0 Roods, 25 Perches. 
 
 St. LUKE'S PARISH. 
 
 St. Luke's Parish. — The only public edifice in this parish, 
 except the church, is 
 
 Mcath Hospital, — Situated on the south side of the Coombe 
 for the relief of patients meeting with sudden accidents, and 
 afflicted with such distempers, as a poor crowded popula- 
 tion is exposed to; it has been lately much eniiched by the 
 splendid hberality of a charitable individual, Counsellor Thomas 
 Pleasants, who presented £6,000 for the erection of an Opera- 
 tion-room, and for procuring necessary comforts for such 
 patients as undergo the operation of amputation. 
 
 Parochial Church. — The Parochial Church is a plain spa- 
 cious stone structure situated at the end of a neat avenue, lead- 
 ing from the south side of the Coombe. 
 
 Gross Population of St. Luke's Parish. — 7,241 Individuals. 
 
 Superjices. — 31 Acres, 0 Roods, 21 Perches. 
 
 St. JAMES'S PARISH. 
 
 St. James's Parish, — Abounds with public institutions of 
 the most essential national importance ; the Grand Canal com- 
 mences here, whose Harbour, Stores, &c. cover a surface of 
 twenty three acres, two roods and four perches; hence a 
 tolerably accurate estimate may be formed of the extensive 
 trafhc carried on by means of this inland navigation. 
 
 City Bason. — Contiguous to the Grand Canal is situated the 
 City Bason, a most enchanting sheet of water, inclosed with 
 a wall ; the gravel walk round this beautiful Reservoir is 
 tastefully inclosed on either side with a thick cut hedge and 
 trees equidistantly planted ; it commands an extensive pros- 
 pect of that lofty chain of hills called the Dublin-mountains. 
 Beyond the Bason, in a very airy open and healthy situation, 
 stands 
 
 The Foundling Hospital, — Mercifully erected for the reception 
 »f such infants as might otherwise fall victims to the inhuman 
 
22 
 
 NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 barbarity of their unnatural mothers. Thus, tliis pious monu* 
 nicnt of Chrisliaii cliarity rescues many a victim irom in- 
 evitable destruction, as tlie innocent h'tile outcasts may be 
 <lepnsite(l here at all hours, and nurses always maintained in 
 the house, are in constant readiness to suckle them, until 
 proj)er]y recommended country nurses can be procured, with 
 whoni they remain until they arrive at the a^e of six year.s. 
 They must annually exhibit them at the Hospital to i3e in- 
 spected, lor the purpose of ascertaining how they are thriving, 
 and whether they are avcU or ill treated ; at the age of six, 
 they returvi to the Hospital to be instructed in reading, wri- 
 ting, and the fundamental principles of the Christiaji religion ; 
 and at a proper age are apprenticed to protestant masters and 
 mistresses. Words cannot adequately eulogize the transcen- 
 dent benefits resulting to morality from the humane instru- 
 mentality of this inestimable Institution. — The spacious range 
 of buildings is pecuHarly calculated to preserve the chddren's 
 healtJi. 
 
 L'arther on, adjoining to the great southern mail coach 
 road, an extensive range of InHmtry Barracks has been lately 
 erected, in an airy secluded situation, judiciously selected for 
 the pm'pose. In a quarry sunk to procure stones for this 
 building, a sulphureous Calybeate Spa, has been discovered, 
 which will prove an invaluable acquisition to valitudinarians, 
 from its contiguity to this populous city. 
 
 Kilmainham Prison^ — A very spacious modern structure, with 
 different inclosed court yards, for the recreation of its wretched 
 inhabitants, is situated in a very elevated situatitm, on the south 
 side of the great Conn aught Mail-coach-road ; at Island 
 . Bridge a very commodious Artillery Barrack has been lately 
 ci'ected. 
 
 Sarah Bridge, — Exhibits a beautiful specimen of aquatic 
 architecture, forming one grand arch, which sweeps in a beau- 
 tiful, and well proportioned direction from north to south ; the 
 arch forms an ellipsis, whose chord measures 10 i feel, the key 
 stone is 22 feet above high-water mark, and its breadth within 
 the parapets, including two foot-ways, six feet each side, rs 
 thirty- eight feet wide; on the brow of the hill between the Ar- 
 tillery Barracks and the Old Man's Hospital, there is a well 
 much venerated by the superstitious multitude for its image- 
 nary miraculous and medicinal virtues. 
 
 jKilmamham Hospital. — This roval mansion erected for the 
 reception of maimed, disabled, and superannuated soldiers, is 
 mo%t enchantingly situated on a lofty eminence at the west end 
 
yOR IRELAND. 
 
 of the city, and south of the Liflry; the building, vrhich is 
 quadrangular, incloses a spacious area tastefully intersected 
 with gravel walks; the piazas form a covered communication 
 from every apartment of this edifice to the hall and chapel, 
 which occupy one side of this quadrilateral structure, and are 
 hi^jhly deserving of particular inspection; the Commander in 
 ChiePs residence is en elegant house, detatched from the Hos- 
 pital. All the subordinate officers attached to this establishment 
 are accommodated with suitable conveniencies adapted to their 
 respective ranks and stations : the principal front is approached 
 by an avenue beautifully shaded with full grown trees : from 
 this Hospital there is a new communication opened to Usher's 
 Island, called the Military Road, at v/hose termination is erect- 
 ed an arched covered gate-v>ay, and a very beautiful lofty 
 tower; there are seventy-one Irish plantation acres annexed 
 to the establishment, for the convenience of the several offi- 
 cers, and the recreation of the invalids. 
 
 S-iS^i/t's Ilospiial — Derives its name from its founder, the 
 celebrated Dean of St. Patrick's, who bequeathed a considera- 
 ble property for providing an Asylum for Lunatics and Idiots. 
 It is situated in Bow-lane near James's Street, and seems well 
 calculated for the intended purpose. 
 
 Stephen's Hospital^ — Situated in Stephens-lane, near James's 
 Street, is an extensive quadrangular structure, inclosing a 
 square area, and pleasantly situated on the banks of the Liflfy : 
 this Hospital maintahis, and admini&ters medical relief to all 
 curable patients, labouring under every denomination of 
 diseases. 
 
 The Parochial Churchy — Situated on the north side of James's 
 Stret% is a plain neat stone building, admirably ada})ted for the 
 solemnity of divine worship ; contiguous to this Church, and 
 on the same side of the street, a neat BariTack is erected, most 
 ))leasantly situated, and commanding a fine prospect of tlii? 
 Phcenix-Park. 
 
 Gross Population of St. James's Parish.^ 6^104', Individuals. 
 ^upetjices. — 59 Acres, 1 Uood, 3G Perches. 
 
 ST. PAUL'S PAPtlSH. 
 
 Si. Pauls Parish^ — Situated on the north side of the LiHty, com- 
 prises that description of inliabitants who exist by ti affic, or who 
 select retirement to enjoy the comforts of a moderate competency; 
 or }>rofessional men, who prefer its local advanta.'j<>s from its 
 contiguity to the Four Courts, for the dispatch of bus ntss^ to 
 
24< 
 
 KEW Tr.AVELLER's GUIDE 
 
 more fashionable situations, not affording a similar convenicncy* 
 Its public edifices are grand, and aptly calculated for the pur- 
 pose for which they were originally constructed. 
 
 T/ie Royal Barracks, — Stand pre-eminently conspicuous ; this 
 superb pile consists of lour squares, of whicli the centre one, 
 denominated the Royal Square, from its superior architectural 
 splendor, is the most distinguished ; these different buihiings 
 are sufficiently spacious to contain four thousand men, and com- 
 mand a most delightful prospect of the distant mountains: at- 
 tached to this Barrack is the Royal Military Infirmary, erected 
 in the Piiosnix Park, for the reception of sick and wounded 
 soldiers, which is a beautiful modern edifice. 
 
 T/ie Blue Coat Hospital, — Situated in Oxmantown Green, ex- 
 tends three hundred and sixty feet in front, consisting of a centre 
 and two wings : the grand entrance to this superb structure is 
 enriched by Ionic columns, supporting a pediment, over which 
 is erected a portion of the steeple which is still unfinished ; 
 both the wings are united to the centre by handsome circular 
 walls, ornamented with balustrade and niches ; the internal 
 arrangements correspond with its external magnificence ; it is 
 chiefly appropriated for cloathing, educating, and maintain- 
 ing the sons of the poor, decayed and reduced freemen. The 
 different corporations of the city propose to establish a female 
 institution, of a similar description, when sufficient funds can 
 be accumulated for so charitable and benevolent a design. 
 
 At the extremity of Prussia Street, near the Circular-road, a 
 plain stone edifice is built by the munificent subscriptions of 
 opulent individuals, for the reception of destitute children bereft 
 of both parents ; they are admissable from the age of four to 
 ten years ; subscribers of twenty pounds become governors for 
 life: the female branch of this institution contains 120 orphans. 
 
 The House of Bidustry. — Situated on an airy eminence of 
 Brunswick Street, is a very spacious plain stone structure, 
 established for the reception of the poor, who are admitted 
 without any recommendation, and are employed in spinning, 
 weaving, combing, and other various occupations ; the children 
 have apartments distinct from the rest, where they are dieted, 
 cloathed, and educated, and when of a proper age, are ap- 
 prenticed to different trades. There is an Infirmary remote 
 from tlie habitation of the healthy, where the sick are most 
 comfortably accommodated ; there are also forty-six cells for 
 lunatics. The doors are open at all hours for admission, and 
 various articles are wrought here, and may be more cheaply 
 purchased than at any other place. 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 25 
 
 The Parochial Church — Is an old rough stone structure, 
 not sufficiently spacious for the reception of a numerous 
 con<Treffation. 
 
 Gro$$ Population of SL PauVs Parish, — 19,904 Individuals. 
 Sujperfices, — 88 Acres, 0 Roods, 37 Perches. 
 
 ST. MICHAN'S PARISH. 
 
 St. Michan's Parish,— Whose inhabitants areas diversified 
 as the local situations of the several streets comprised within its 
 limits; the grand magnificent streets are occupied by the opu- 
 lent ; the others, most commodiously situated for public business, 
 are inhabited by shopkeepers of various denominations and des- 
 criptions; and the retired obscure streets, lanes, and alleys, 
 by industrious labouring mechanics, and other poor struggUng 
 people, literally existing by the svi'eat of their brow. Its public 
 buildings are splendid and useful ; among which is Hardwick 
 Penetentiary, erected on the east side of Smithfield, for the 
 reformation of vagrants, convicted for larceny : it is a plain 
 stone structure well adapted for its intended purpose, and its 
 grand entrance is from Smithfield. 
 
 The Four Courts^ — And their necessary public oflfices, situa- 
 ted on the Inn's Qua}', form too conspicuous a figure not to 
 attract general admiration, and to claim particular attention : 
 this stupenduous pile extends four hundred and thirty-three feet 
 in front ; the offices form the wings, and occupy a space of ninety 
 feet in length, by fifty feet in depth ; the western wing contains 
 the great room, where the rolls of Chancery are deposited, 
 also the Hanaper, King's Bench, and Remembrancer's Offices : 
 the eastern wing is occupied by the Exchequer, Common Pleas, 
 Registry, and other offices : the Courts of Justice form the 
 centre: the principal front is opposite the river, and is adorned 
 with six Corinthian columns, supporting a pediment; in the 
 centre of this front, is the great entrance into the several courts, 
 which radiate from a circular area sixty-four feet in diameter, 
 and crowned with a lofty dome ; adjoining the respective courts 
 are the Jury rooms, and Judges' apartments. 
 
 Newgate. — Situated in Green Street, is a large quadrangular 
 pile, extending one hundred and seventy feet in front, and 
 nearly as many in depth, and incloses small yards for the re- 
 creation of prisoners, arranged in different classes ; the different 
 sexes have separate and distinct divisions : the principal front is 
 on the east side, and consists of a centre built af mountain stone, 
 rusticated and crowned with a pediment ; on tuch side of which 
 
 E 
 
26 
 
 KEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 is a plain facade of black lime-stone; at the external angles are 
 four round towers, with a cavity in each, tln'ough which the 
 filth of the Goal is conveyed. 
 
 The Sessions House. — Situated contiguous to the Prison, is 
 a neat and spacious Court, where prisoners arc tried for capital 
 offences, and petty larceny. 
 
 77ie Sheriffs Prison^ — Also situated in the same range witk 
 the new Prison, is considered inadequate to accommodate the 
 numerous debtors, incarcerated within tfie walls of this man- 
 sion of sorrow : here there are no separate divisions for different 
 sexes, the court yard allotted for recreation is wretchedly con- 
 tracted, and rendered nauseous, unwholesome, and offensive, 
 by the effluvia issuing from the privy, disgustingly, and indeli- 
 cately situated in a corner of the only spot where the miserable 
 captives can view the broad canopy of heaven ; here, in common 
 with all prisons, enormous rents are exacted for the accommo- 
 dations of these cells, dignified with the appellation of rooms. 
 This truly is a refinement on torture, and it is an evil that ought 
 to be utterly abolished — first to cast the victim into a prison, and 
 then, permit him to starve or perish, if destitute of means to sup- 
 port existence during his indefinite confinement: the criminal 
 has some pittance allowed him during his incarceration, and 
 knows that his guilt or innocence must be ascertained within 
 a limited period. 
 
 Linen-Hall, — Situated in Linen Hall Street, is a very spacious 
 building, appropriated for the reception of linen cloth sent 
 to Dublin for sale : this public institution is productive of in- 
 estimable advantages, by preventing many frauds, in so vital a 
 branch of our national staple manufactures, which employs 
 so considerable a portion of the population. 
 
 Kings Inn Temple, — Now erecting at Constitution Hill, at 
 the termination of Henrietta Street, will, when finished, add no 
 inconsiderable ornament to our numerous public edifices, and 
 it is hoped will supercede the necessity of sending our law- 
 students to the courts of Westminster to learn to speak 
 English, as it is presumed the native Irish are now more con- 
 versant with that tongue than at the period when such a re- 
 striction was enjoined, and deemed indispensibly requisite : by a 
 similarity of absurdity, every Irish parson should be previously 
 drilled in a Yorkshire desk, before he should presume to ascend 
 an Irish Pulpit. The Scotch law students are exempted from 
 such a vexatious and unnecessary exaction, though the Caledo- 
 nian dialect does not sound more musical and harmonious than 
 the Hibernian brogue. 
 
roil IRELAND. 
 
 27 
 
 The Irish barrister's information should be derived from the 
 practice of the Four Courts, and his leisure hours could be 
 more profitably applied, in a law library, than in a lazy 
 lounge round St. Stephen's Abbey. 
 
 On George's Hill, a very spacious Roman Catholic Chapel 
 is nearly finished, beautifully ornamented with a hewn stone 
 front. 
 
 The Parochial Churchy — Situated in Church Street, is a ve- 
 nerable structure, with a square steeple erected at the west end. 
 Gross Population of St. Michan^s Parish. — 1 8,092, Individuals. 
 Superfices. — 99 Acres, 0 Roods, 13 Perches. 
 
 ST. MARY'S PARISH. 
 
 St. Mary's Parish — Is supereminently conspicuous for the 
 rank, wealth, and affluence of its inhabitants, composed of nobi- 
 lity, gentry, merchants, factors, shop-keepers, manufcclarers, 
 and mechanics, disposed and arranged, as local attractions ar- 
 rest the fancy for the city residence of opulence, or commercial 
 conveniencies determine the preference for mercantile specu- 
 lation; it is a well-known maxim, that the shop-keeper of 
 every vendible commodity, will prefer that situation most likely 
 to insure the greatest number of customers. The most ijuligent 
 inhabitants of this, and every other parish, constitute the back 
 ground of the picture: its public buildings, though not numerous, 
 are splendid and useful, among which the Lying-in-IIospital, 
 erected in Great Britain-Street, for the relief of poor lying-in 
 women, merits particular attention, both for the benevolence 
 of the design, and the beauty of its structure, which exhibits 
 an exquisite monument of architectural science. It consists of a 
 centre entirely built of hewn stone, forming two fronts, to 
 which two wings are connected by simicircular colonades ; a 
 lofty steeple is erected in the centre, and has a most delightful 
 effect : adjoining the eastern colonade is the Rotunda, where 
 balls and assemblies are held, and concerts performed for the 
 benefit of the charity ; close to which room, stands a grand suit 
 of apartments built in the Doric order ; the Garden adjoining this 
 superb pile, is tastefully intersected with gravel walks, shaded with 
 full grown trees, and inclosed with iron palisades ; Gramby- 
 Row, Palace- Row, and Cavendish- Row, form a square round 
 this Garden, named Rutland Square, m compliment to his 
 Grace the Duke of Rutland, who munificently contributed to the 
 improvements. 
 
NEW TRAVELLLUS GLIDE 
 
 Industrious tilind, — Near the Lying-in-IIospital, in this 
 street, a chavitiible institution is established, supported by 
 private subscriptions, and the contributions collected at an 
 annual charity sermon, For the subsistence of the Industrious 
 Blind, who are here employed in different occupations, and 
 have already made considerable progress in the manufacture 
 of v^icker work, which is sold here for the benefit of the cha- 
 lity. 
 
 Charlcmoiint Tloiise, — Delightfully situated in the centre of 
 Palace Row, fronting the Garden, is built "with hewn Arklow 
 stone, superior in quality to any Portland stone imported for 
 that purpose: its internal decorations, both in taste and magni- 
 ficence, correspond with its external architectural elegance. 
 
 Simpson's Hospital^ — Erected in Great Britain Street for the 
 reception of poor decayed, blind, and gouty men, is a hand- 
 some, large and convenient building, fronted with plain hewn 
 fetone. 
 
 The Charitable hifirmary^ — Situated in Jervis Street, is fitted 
 up for the reception of sick or wounded poor patients, who are 
 here maintained, and supplied with necessaries until a cure is 
 effected. 
 
 Apothecari/s Hall, — Situated in Mary's Street, is established 
 for the purpose of regulating the profession of pharmacy in 
 Ireland, and for the sale of simple and compound medicines, 
 prepared under the inspection of a sworn Court of Directors 
 annually elected. This institution is a very important object 
 to the community, as drugs vended in this hall are unadulte- 
 rated. 
 
 Lock Penitentiary, — Is situated in Dorset Street, for the re- 
 ception and employment of women leaving the Lock Hospital, 
 and desirous of returning to industry and virtue: washing, 
 calandering and m^ngling^ are done at this house. A neat cha- 
 pel is annexed to this institution, very numerously attended 
 by a genteel congregation; the Sunday collections are appropri* 
 ated for the support of the institution. 
 
 The Parochial Church, — Situated in Mary Street, is a spa- 
 cious plain stone structure, and has an unfinished square stee- 
 ple. 
 
 Gross Population of St. Mary's Parish, — 14,454 Individuals* 
 Superfices. — 115 Acres, 0 Roods, 33 Perches. 
 
 St. GEORGE'S PARISH. 
 (§r. G$:oeqe's Parish — Is almost exclusively occqpied by 
 
TOR IRELAND. 
 
 29 
 
 that description of inhabitants whose opulence enables them to 
 enjoy the sweets of privacy, detached from the noisy bustle of 
 laborious industry, for which purpose, Mount-joy Square, and 
 the different streets immediately diverging from it, are admira- 
 bly calculated : neither hotels, shops, nor warehouses, are 
 permitted to interrupt the universal tranquillity which prevails, 
 or to disfigure the uniformity of the elegant mansions. 
 
 Mount-joy Square, — This delightful square is tastefully laid 
 out in gravel walks, planted with evergreens, flowering shrubs, 
 and inclosed with iron palisades, comprehending an are;?, with- 
 in the railing, of three acres, and eleven perches. The buildings 
 in this square command a most delightful prospect of the Bay, 
 Wicklow-mountains, Hoath, and a thickly inhabited, well 
 planted, and highly cultivated country. A neat commodi- 
 ous Methodist Chapel is erected in Great Charles Street, a 
 very handsome stone structure, fronted with hewn stone. 
 
 Farming Society, — The Farming Society Repository for the 
 annual exhibition of fat cattle, is situated in Summer Hill. 
 
 Chapel. — In Temple-Lane there is a private Chapel, where 
 divine worship is performed according to the prescribed ordin- 
 ances of the established church ; it is a plain stone structure, and 
 has a square steeple t the congregation is numerous and most 
 respectable. 
 
 St. George^ s Dispensary Fever Hospital, — Is situated in 
 Lower Dorset-Street, near the Circular Road ; it was institut- 
 ed for a similar charitable purpose as the Fever Hospital, Cork 
 Street, and is an invaluable establishment for the accommodation 
 of the poor on the north side of the city ; it is supported by an- 
 nual subscription, private donations, and the charitable contri- 
 butions collected at a charity sermon annually preached for that 
 purpose. 
 
 Parochial Church, — Situated in Hardwick Place, exhibits a 
 most perfect specimen of architectural elegance, and its lofty 
 ornamented steeple, forms a veiy conspicuous landmark. 
 
 Gross Population of St, George's Parish. — 5,099 Inhabitants, 
 
 Su]perfices, — 53 acres, 3 Roods, 21 Perches. 
 
 St. THOMAS* PARISH, 
 
 St. Thomas' Parish, — Contains some magnificent streets 
 and a very respectable and genteel population : opposite to Earl 
 Street, in the centre of Sackville Street, stands Nelson's Pillar, 
 erected by subscription, in commemoration of splendid nautical 
 achievements. The most superb street the Capital could boast. 
 
30 
 
 NEW TIlAVELLEIl's GUIDE 
 
 was the most appropriate situation to place a monument of the 
 greatest naval warrior, the annals of maritime history ever have 
 recorded. This beautiful fluted pillar rises from a square pedestal, 
 and round the topis a j^allery commanding an extensive viewofthe 
 City, the Bay, and the distant mountains, over which is fixed 
 the statue of Lord Nelson leaning against the capstan of a ship. 
 
 The Custom House. — The front of this stupenduous pile ex- 
 tends three hundred and seventy five feet in length, by two 
 hundred and nine feet in depth, and exhibits four fronts, which 
 possess as much variety as the nature of the design could pos- 
 sibly admit. The principal or south front is enriched with 
 arcades, and columns of the Doric order, crowned with an en- 
 tablature; from the centre rises a magnificent dome elevated 
 one hundred and tliirty-five feet from the base, on which is 
 placed a pedestal supporting a female figure of Commerce; the 
 emblematical decorations of this massy structure are peculiarly 
 appropriate, judicious and expensive; the different offices con- 
 tained witliin this capacious edifice are elegant and commodious, 
 of which the Long-room is pre-eminently conspicuous; opposite 
 the east front are the wet Docks, constructed for the convey- 
 ance of merchandize to the adjacent stores. 
 
 Waterford House, — Situated on the west side of Marlborough 
 Street, is fronted with cut mountain stone, and decorated with 
 a handsome Doric door ; there is a convenient and spacious court 
 before the house, which is remarkable for being the first pri- 
 vate modern edifice in the city entirely built of stone. 
 
 Aldborougk House. — ^Its low unv/holesome situation but 
 very ill accords with the superb magnificence of this singularly 
 constructed edifice. It is now converted into an Academy, where 
 youth are to be instructed, on a very extraordinary and novel 
 plan, which perhaps may frustrate the sanguine expectations 
 confidently entertained respecting its superlative efRcacy. 
 
 Parochial Church, — Situated on the west side of Marlborough 
 Street, opposite to Glocester Street, to which it forms an ele- 
 gant termination, exhibits an unfinished front, the original de- 
 sign having never been executed. 
 
 Every Parish in Dublin supports a Charitable Protestant School, 
 proportionate to its relative ability ; the different Catholic Cha- 
 pels have charitable institutions for the instruction of children 
 of that communion ; the dissenting congregations also support 
 similar establishments. Would to heaven that a rivalship in 
 the merciful works of charity were the only emulation that 
 actuated every denomination of Christians, then rancour, envy, 
 and political animosity would no longer derange social har- 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 SI 
 
 mony, and convulse national tranquillity. Besides these particular 
 institutions confined to the instruction of individuals attached 
 to distinctive tenets, there are also Sunday and evening schools es- 
 tablished for the labouring children of every religious denomi- 
 nation who cannot attend at any other time ; of which the 
 Dublin Weekly Free School in School-house-lane, Thomas- 
 Street, on the south, and one established on the Strand on 
 the north side of the river LifFy, seem to be at present most 
 successfully conducted; others are daily adc)ed, and it is to be 
 hoped, that in due time they will produce the proper fruits of 
 encrease; there are also many charitable associations in this 
 metropolis, instituted by private benevolence, to alleviate the 
 various casualities, miseries, and calamities incident to the 
 vicissitudes and misfortunes of life. 
 
 Markets^ — Are most abundantly supplied with the greatest 
 variety of every necessary and luxury of life ; but the remorse- 
 less gripe of avarice frequently counteracts the bounty of Pro- 
 vidence, through the crafty devices of forestallers, factors, 
 sale-masters, and contractors, who interpose between the ven- 
 der and consumer, in every article of provisions exhibited in 
 the Dublin market for the supply of the inhabitants ; and thus 
 all the necessaries of life arc artificially enhanced by the exactions 
 and extortions of such devouring harpies ; the sale of cattle, 
 in Smithfield market, is usurped by the intrusive Sale-master, 
 that self constituted arbitrator betv/een the victualler and 
 the grazier ; and the subordinate vendible commodities are 
 equally encumbered by the petty perquisites imposed to remune- 
 rate the unnecessary interference of a ragged Factor ; such 
 abuses imperatively demand the corrective interposition of legis- 
 lative authority. 
 
 Antiquities. — The Antiquities of Dublin afford scanty en- 
 tertainment to gratiiy the imagination of the curious reader ; 
 the exact sera of its foundation cannot be positively and satis- 
 factorily ascertained, and its di^^erent revolutions, and subjec- 
 tion to various petty sovereigns, only exhibit a dry catalogue 
 of chronological dates, totally uninteresting to the present en- 
 lightened generation. 
 
 It may, however, be summarily recorded to the mortifica- 
 tion and degradation of redouted Iri^li valour, that the Danes 
 or Oslmen held the sovereign sway of Dublin and its vicinity 
 during a period of three hundred and thirty three years; from 
 whence they never were tc.tally evicted, thou^^h often weakened 
 in the various vicissitudes of a barbarous and desultory warfare, 
 until the invincible prowess of British valoiu* entirely annihilated 
 
32 
 
 NEW traveller's guide 
 
 this ferocious host : From this period, the history of Ireland 
 becomes incorporated, and constitutes no inconsiderable por- 
 tion of the great events succeeding Ireland's submission to 
 British sway. Whatever pangs the then existing generation of 
 Irish natives might feel, by the changes which must always 
 accompany the introduction of a new Government, they arc 
 now forgotten, and tlie petty feuds, which always agitate rival 
 principalities, such as Ireland exhibited at this distracted 
 period, are for ever done away ; by mutual intercourse, by in- 
 termarriages, by a gradual adoption of, and approximation to, 
 British manners and customs, by an indentity of interests, 
 and by the unrestricted enjoyment of the blessings of the 
 British Constitution, we are imperceptibly incorporated and 
 intern J iii^ijled with Englishmen. 
 
 The fbrpj ot the City is nearly a parallelogram, and its vast 
 extent is manifest from the quantity of ground its buildings 
 occupy. We refer to the following Table for a particular 
 account of the number of people, and extent of surface contained 
 in each Parish respectively, by which it will be seen that the 
 City of Dublin is rated at 172,091 Inhabitants, occupying an 
 area of 1264- Acres, 0 Roods, 36 Perches, Irish measure. 
 The City returns two Members to Parliament. 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 A Table of Parishes^ Poptdation^ and Extent, 
 
 
 Tt) huh itn nf^ 
 
 Acres. Roo !s 
 
 . Per. 
 
 1. St. Werburgh's 
 
 - b629 
 
 10 
 
 3 
 
 35 
 
 
 14 
 
 2 
 
 30 
 
 3. St. Mark's 
 
 - 8692 
 
 59 
 
 0 
 
 31 
 
 
 
 63 
 
 0 
 
 27 
 
 5. St. Peter's - ----- 
 
 - 16063 
 
 141 
 
 0 
 
 21 
 
 St. Patrick's Cathedral - - - 
 
 - 2081 
 
 9 
 
 3 
 
 36 
 
 6. St. Bride's 
 
 - 8009 
 
 36 
 
 3 
 
 35 
 
 7. St. Nicholas Within - - - 
 
 - 1121 
 
 5 
 
 3 
 
 27 
 
 
 132 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 11 
 
 2 
 
 23 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 3 
 
 27 
 
 10. St. Audeoii's 
 
 - 5191 
 
 24 
 
 2 
 
 29 
 
 11. St. Catherine's ----- 
 
 - 20176 
 
 112 
 
 1 
 
 28 
 
 12. St. Nicholas Without - - - 
 
 - 12306 
 
 47 
 
 0 
 
 25 
 
 13. St. Luke's - 
 
 - 7241 
 
 31 
 
 0 
 
 21 
 
 
 - 6104 
 
 59 
 
 1 
 
 36 
 
 15. St. Paul's 
 
 - 9904 
 
 88 
 
 0 
 
 37 
 
 16. St. Michan's ----- 
 
 - 18092 
 
 99 ' 
 
 0 
 
 13 
 
 17. St. Mary's 
 
 - 16654 
 
 115 
 
 0 
 
 33 
 
 18. St. George's 
 
 19. St. Thomas's - - - - - 
 
 - 5096 
 
 53 
 
 3 
 
 21 
 
 - 8562 
 
 98 
 
 0 
 
 37 
 
 Grand Total of Inhabitants 
 
 172,091 
 
 Total are 
 
 al2C4 A. 
 
 according to Whitelavv's Survey. 
 
 0 Roods. 35 rar. 
 
 F 
 
COUNTY OF DUBLIN. 
 
 TriE County OF Dublin — Is bounded on the east from Bray- 
 hcud to Balbriggan, by the Irish Sea, extending about thirty 
 miles following the indentations of the coast; on the north anil 
 west, by the County of Eastmeatli ; on the south west, by the 
 County of Kildare, and on the south to the sea, by the County 
 of Wicklow. Thcsuperfices of this County contains 14'7,840 
 Irish plantation acres, of which the mountains and wastes 
 constitute one-eighth ; the vegetative soil is generally very 
 shallow; the substratum being almost universally a cold clay, 
 retaining the watei-, which circumstance renders the surface 
 unprofitable, unless where improved by draining, and artificial 
 amelioration. 
 
 The lands converging to the capital owe tlieir luxuriancy of 
 vegetation to the abundance of manure, so cheaply procured 
 from the city of Dublin ; such grounds, therefore, from local 
 circumstances, and proximity to the metropolis, totally exclude 
 farming occupancy; and are, consequent!}', set for dairies, nurse- 
 ries, manufactories, and the rural residence of civic opulence. 
 Agricultural improvements are rapidly increasing by a better 
 mode of tillage than what hitherto has been practised, and the 
 raising of clover and other artificial grasses is now universally 
 adopted. 
 
 Fuel in some remote districts, destitute of either bog, peat, 
 or the convenience of water conveyance for the supply of coals, 
 is a very scarce article ; thus then, are indigent farmers, labour- 
 ers, and cottagers reduced to the imperative necessity of substi- 
 tuting straw, droppings, and other combustible materials t(» 
 supply the deficiency of fuel. Hence it generally happens, 
 that those places destitute of this vitally essential requisite 
 for human comfort, are indiscriminately pillaged of all orna- 
 mental plantations ; as the hungry and perishing peasant will 
 brave all dangers to prepare his scanty repast. 
 
 The roads and bridges in this County are kept in most ex* 
 cellent repair, although at a very great expense ; the new Mili- 
 tary Road commencing at Rathfarnham, and intended to be 
 extended towards Wexford, through the winding glens of the 
 intervening mountains, will effectually contribute to colonize 
 and improve these hitherto wild and uncultivated wastes ; and 
 the skilful execution and durability of the materials, will render 
 it an object of admiration to future generations. 
 
 This County is divided into six Baronies and a half, four of 
 which are situated on the north side of the river Liffy : namelj', 
 Coolock, Balruddery, Nether CrcsF, and Castleknock. 
 
rOR IRELAND. 
 
 35 
 
 South of the Liffy, is situated Newcastle, Upper Cross, and 
 tlie Half Barony of Rathdown, the other half being situated in 
 the County of Wicklow — There are eighty-seven parishes in 
 this county. 
 
 The Barony of Coolock contains seventeen parishes, namely; 
 Clontart^ Killeak, Cloghran, 
 
 Rahene}', Kiilcster, Cionturk, 
 Cooiock, Killoser}^, Glassnevin, 
 
 Kilbarrack, Port mar nock, Santry, 
 Howth, St. Doloughs, Drumcondrn. 
 
 Beldoyle, Malahide, 
 Marino. — On the left side of the strand road, leading to 
 Howth, through Raheney, lies Marino, distant two miles from 
 the Castle of Dublin. This beautiful mansion, entirely built of 
 Portland stone, and in a just taste, is the country residence of 
 the Earl of Charlemont. The demesne surrounding the de- 
 lightful edifice contains two hundred acres judiciously and 
 tastefully planted, and the Temple erected at some distance 
 from the mansion, is a noble and elegant monument of archi- 
 tectural science. 
 
 Straiid School, — On the right towards Clontarf is situated 
 the Charter School, a plain stone structure, containing one 
 hundred boys, who are lodged, cloathed, maintained, instructed 
 in the Protestant religion, and employed in different branches 
 of useful manufacture. 
 
 Clontarf. — A little to the right of the Charter School lies 
 Clontarf, distant two miles and a quarter from the Castle of 
 Dublin; a neat and populous village, much frequented in the 
 bathing season, being well situated for that purpose. At this 
 viUage the last memorable battle was fouo^ht between the Irish 
 and Danes, in the year one thousand and fifteen. The defeat 
 which the Danes sustained, so totally unnerved their mfluence 
 in this island, that from thi^i period it gradually diminished 
 until theij; final expulsion; Bryan Boru, the famous Irish 
 Monarch, fell in this battle. The Castle, a fine edifice, stands 
 at the upper end of the town, near which the Church is 
 situated. Two or three veins of lead ore have been discovered in 
 the quarry near this village. 
 
 liaheney^ — A largo village, is situated four miles from the 
 Castle of Dublin ; the Church standing on a rising ground is 
 the only remarkable edifice, and it is a plain neat structure. 
 
 Beldoyle. — On the lull of the road leading to Howth, is 
 situated Beldoyle, a })leasant little village agreeably adapted for 
 bathing quarters. Tlie air is pure but keen, liom its vc/y 
 
56 
 
 KEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 exposed situation on an open beach, but commands an enchant- 
 ing prospect of the sea, I lowth, Ireland's Eye, and Lambay ; 
 it is di:3tant six miles from the Castle. 
 
 Howth Hilli — A most conspicuous promontory, which forms 
 the north entrance to the Bay of Dublin, with a town of the 
 same name, is distant seven miles and three quarters north east 
 of the City of Dublin. It gives the title of Earl to the ancient 
 and noble family of St. Lawrence, for their valourous achieve- 
 ments against the Danes on that remarkable holiday. This 
 romantic outlet forms the s})acious harbour now erected there 
 for the dispatch of the mails and packets to Holy-head ; the 
 hill is destitute of timber, though formerly celebrated for its 
 Sylvan Oak, which gives it a naked and bald appearance. 
 
 The Earl of Howth 's venerable mansion is in the form of a 
 casde, and boldly situated on the west side of this stupenduous 
 eminence, commanding an extensive view of the channel. A 
 beautiftd stream of water irri^jjates the town. There are two 
 Light Houses erected on this promontory, the most southern 
 for the direction of ships entering the Bay of Dublin, and the 
 other for the more immediate purpose of safely guiding noctur- 
 nal navigators into the lately constructed harbour. 
 
 Irelcmd's Eye, — Distant about half a mile from Howth, is 
 composed of an high rock on the north side, very dangerous to 
 shipping in tempesluous weather. Some fragrant and medicinal 
 plants grov/ on this little island, and on its west side still ex- 
 ist the ruins of a chapel ; it is about three quarters of a mile in 
 length, and about half a mile in breadth. 
 
 i^atural History, — The Hill of Howth contains within its 
 bowels, some very valuable acquisitions, providentially deposited 
 to remunerate appropriate skill, industiy, and exertion ; such 
 as lead ore, white clay, hard and bright as Portland stone, very 
 jfit for dashing ho jses, was discovered among the cliffs project- 
 ing over the sea ; likev»^ise small veins of manganese are found 
 scattered in large rocks of rich iron ore, a large stratum of 
 remarkably black clay, which burns white, indicates the prox- 
 imity of coals. Potter's earth, as well as white and yellow ocre, 
 ulso abound here ; the apex of the mountain contains rich blue 
 inarle, a most valuable manure for the circumambient dry 
 gravelly soil. The intervening country between Howth and 
 Dublin is indescribably delightful, both from the numerous 
 beautiful seats with which it is interspersed, and the enchant- 
 ing prospect it commands in all directions. The soil in general 
 is light and gravelly, and derives its relative excellence from 
 the redundancy of compost and manure, which fertilizes its 
 physical sterility. 
 
TOR IRELAND. 37 
 
 Distance from Dublin* 
 
 Miles. 
 
 ISlarlno . . • . , . , 2 
 
 Clontarf • 2^ 
 
 Raheney 4^ 
 
 Beldoyle . 6 
 
 Howth 7t 
 
 ROADS. 
 
 At the Crescent, near Marino, the road leading to MaJahide 
 branches to the left ; the village of Donacarney is situated 
 on this road ; farther on lies Killester, then the village of 
 Coolock, where a cross road branches off to both right and left. 
 The church is a small neat edifice pleasantly situated on the 
 brow of a hill, and has a lofty steeple. 
 
 Si. Douloughs. — Farther on the right lies the village of St. 
 Douloughs, the church, built on a very lofty eminence, is a very 
 singular and curious remnant of ancient architecture ; near this 
 church there is a well dedicated to the Virgin Mary, much 
 resorted to by the superstitious peasants, 
 
 Portmarnock. — Farther on, by the sea side, lie the village 
 and church of Portmarnock, This portion of the country 
 abounds with the elegant mansions of the opulent, and its local 
 beauties and extensive views are particularly attractive. 
 
 Malahidc^ — Pleasantly situated on the shore of a branch of 
 the Irish Channel, is much exposed to the winds ; the h,ouses 
 are low and meanly built. In the middle of the town is a well 
 dedicated to the Virgin Mary, whose water is clear and whole- 
 some, and it is inclosed by a stone building. The Castle is 
 large, irregular, and of an unequal height ; its form is nearly 
 square ; the entrance is on the east-front by a flight of stone 
 stairs; the hall is large and has an ancient appearance corres- 
 ponding with the exterior structures. It is situated in a penin- 
 sula, and commands an extensive prospect from its lofty situation. 
 The demesne is well covered with full grown timber, and there is 
 an extensive manufactory established here; here are lime-stone 
 quarries of black, grey, and yellow hues; lead ore has been 
 discovered on the soudi side of the high lands, contiguous to 
 the sea. The bye roads, running in a collateral direction, are 
 intersected at convenient distances, by cross roads, which are 
 generally continued, with trifling deviations, to the great turn- 
 
35 ^'£^v traveller's guide 
 
 pike mail coacli roads, from which as trunks they diverge, as 
 shall be noted in their proper places. 
 
 Distance from DuUin. 
 
 Miles. 
 
 Coolock ... . • • 3 
 
 ^St. Douloughs 4| 
 Malahidc ....... 
 
 I10A.DS. 
 
 On entering the great northern mail coach road, issuing 
 from Dorset-Street, passing through Drogheda, and leading to 
 Donaghadee, the first rural scenery that attracts attention 
 juid excites grateful sensations, is the village of Drumcondra, 
 beautifully planted, and thickly studded with country seats ; 
 on tiie right, stands the church, on a bold rising eminence, 
 a plain neat edifice; two cross roads diverge here, one to 
 the right leading to Balybough Bridge, in a winding direc- 
 tion along the banks of Glassnevin river, and commanding 
 an enchanting prospect of the Bay and City, a little farther 
 on to the left, another leads to Glassnevin. About a mile's distance 
 from Drumcondra, is situated the superb mansion, and spa- 
 cious demesne of Santry to the right, and the church to the 
 left, a small plain building tastefully inclosed in a clump of 
 trees ; here two cross roads branch off, the one to the right, 
 in a diagonal direction, leading to Beldoyle, that on the left to 
 Finglass, about six miles from the city. On the right stands 
 Cloghran Church, on a very lofty eminence, composed of 
 lime stone rock ; the prospect from this elevated spot of the 
 surrounding country and the sea is delightful ; a rich vein 
 of lead and co]:»per ores has been discovered near this church ; 
 two cross roads run off here, one to the right and another to 
 the left ; on the left is situated Bracken's Town, the residence 
 of Viscount Molesworth. To particularise every beautiful country 
 seat, would exceed the prescribed limits of a summary des- 
 cription ; so many elegant mansions and neat villas so thickly 
 interspersed, indicate a numerous opulent population in the 
 vicinity of a great metropolis. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Nether Cross. 
 
 Swords, Clonmethan, 
 Lusk, Fiuglass, 
 Ivilsologhan, 
 
FOR IRELANt>. 
 
 SwordSi — Distant seven miles from the Castle of Dublin, 
 is a long irregularly built town, destitute of any manufac- 
 turing establishment, but abounds with houses for the enter- 
 tainment of all descriptions of travellers, and the vending of 
 liquors seems to constitute its only traffic : Before the luiion 
 it returned two members to the Irish Parliament. Near this 
 town stands one of those round towers so peculiar to Ire- 
 land, it is situated about fifty feet from the Church, it is 
 seventy three feet high and fifty five feet in circumference, 
 and still continues in a good state of preservation ; a pleasant 
 brook winds round tliis town : on the south side of Swords, 
 two cross roads branch of!'; that on the right leads to Mala- 
 hidc, and the other on the left, branches towards Brazil, 
 From the north side of Swords, two cross roads sweep o% 
 one to the right and another to the left^ into the adjaccijfc 
 country. 
 
 Portrain, — Fi*om the village of Turvey, situated at the nine 
 mile stone, across road on the right leads to Portrain, pleasantly 
 situated on the sea shore, where a large stratum of coal slate 
 has been discovered full of sulphur, and forming a bed of 
 six feet between tlie rocks ; contiguous to this stratum, is a 
 rock of mecaceous and sulphurous stones, mixed with white 
 spar, all which burn white in the fire, and are deemed au 
 excellent material for China manufacture ; opposite to Portrain, 
 lies the Island of Lambay, of an oval form, three miles long, 
 and about one mile and an half broad ; multitudes of sea fowl, 
 and rabbits, seem to be its indigenous inhabitants. Some 
 indications of coal have been discovered here, and also a, 
 coarse reddish, soft earth, very fit for painting stuff, which 
 is richly impregnated with iron. Half a mile below Turvey, 
 a cross road to the right leads to Hush, a large fishing town, 
 six miles to the north east of Sw^ords, and thirteen from the 
 Castle. of Dublin; this village is celebrated for its very supe- 
 rior cured Ling. From this village, a road runs along the 
 sea shore to Skerries, and thence to Balbriggan. From the 
 Rush road on the left issues the road leading to Lusk dis- 
 tant from Dublin eleven miles only remarkable for having 
 one of these round towers, so common in Ireland. 
 
 The Church is an old venerable structure. The roads froni 
 Rush and Skerries, concenter at the Church, and two roadc^ 
 issue from it, leading in a dioganal direction to the groat Mail- 
 coach-road. 
 
40 
 
 Nf:w traveller's guidi; 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Balruddcnj^ 
 
 Ballybohil Donabate Palmers-tbwn 
 
 Garrrets-town Grallah Portrahan 
 Naul Hollywood Wcstphals-town 
 
 Ballymadeen Holm-park Kilrush a chaplery. 
 Balriiddery 
 
 Tjoughshinnry. — Between Kilrush and Skerries lies Lough- 
 sliinney ; it has a fine spacious harbour, and an unfinished pier ; 
 there is a rich copper mine in its vicinity. 
 
 Skerries — Is a very considerable fishing village, distant se- 
 venteen miles from the city ; lead ore and sulphur, have been 
 discovered in the small adjacent Islands. 
 
 Two cross roads branch off, one to the right, and another to 
 the left ; that on the left ramifies into two directions, one leading 
 to Balybohil, the other to the Naul. 
 
 Dalnidderij — Lies on the Mail coach road, between the 
 Man of War and Balbriggan ; its church is in repair, and the 
 village in decay ; here there is a cross road to the right ; a little 
 beyond this village the road divides into two sections, the one 
 to the right, leading to Balbriggan is considered the best and 
 safest for carriages. 
 
 Balbriggan^ — Distant fifteen miles and a half from the Castle 
 of Dublin, is a very considerable fishing village, and has a fine 
 pier for the accommodation of shipping ; a very thriving Cotton 
 Manufactury is established here; a regular vein of sparry me- 
 caceous stone, fit for the manufacture of pure crystal glass has 
 been discovered, also a small vein of copper and sulphur, by 
 that indefatigable mineralogist, Donald Stewart. 
 
 Distance from Duhlln. 
 
 Miles. 
 
 Drumcondra - - - - - - 2 
 
 Santry - -- -- -- 3 
 
 Swords -.--«---7 
 Turvey - -- -- -- 9 
 
 Man of War - - - - - - 12 
 
 Balruddery - - - - - -14* 
 
 Balbriggan - - - - - -15| 
 
 ROADS. 
 
 About a mile and a half from the Castle, the mail road 
 branches into two divisions, that on the right leading through 
 
yen IRELAN^D* 
 
 Cilassncvin to tlie Kaul, and the left branch runs throiigU 
 Finglass to Duleck, &c. on the left of the Glassneviii road. On 
 the sGuth side of the Glassnevin river, is situated that magnifi- 
 cent national institute, the Botanic Garden, containing 21 Irish 
 acres, and enriched with almost e\cry known species of Flowers, 
 J^hrubs, Trees, Plants, and Vegetables, which either nourisli 
 or destroy existence, arranged into their proper classes ; and 
 annual lectures are publicly delivered on their various qualities, 
 properties, and uses : also a great collection of curious Exotics 
 are preserved in glass-houses, artificially heated, to create the 
 correspondent degree of genial warmth requisite for their vegeta- 
 tion. 
 
 Glass7ievm, — The village of Glassnevin, situated on a risj^icv 
 ground distant two miles from tiie Castle, abounds with the 
 country residences of the wealthy; and truly, its attractive 
 beauties highly merit tlie priority of choice; the Chuixh is 
 situated on the light side of the road, a commodious ve- 
 nerable structure ; a cross road to tlie left runs towards Fing- 
 lass ; a little beyond the three mile stone, another cross road loads 
 to Santry; this road is destitute of villages, butit runs througli 
 avei-yrich soil, peculiarly adapted for pasture and agriculture; 
 ^ little beyond the six mile-stoi-e, there is a cross road leading 
 to the right; and on this side of the seventh mile-stone, another 
 cross road leads to the right and left ; at the eighth mile- stone, 
 a diagonal cross road runs to the right and icit ; between 
 the eight and ninth mile-stone, a cross road rims right and 
 left; and beyond the tenth uiile-stone, a cross road runs on the 
 right to Ballyboghill, and on the left, to Westphalstown. — 
 About a quarter of a mile beyond the twelfth mile-stone, a 
 cross road runs right and left; and a little beyond the thirteenth 
 mile-stone, a cross road on the right runs towards Balruddery. 
 At the fourteenth mile-stone, on the verge of the county of 
 Dublin, stands theNaul, rem.arkable for its romantic Glen overh ung 
 with rocks, in which there are many caves. The old Castle is boldly 
 situated on a position overlooking this enchanting spot, through 
 which a stream^ dividing the counties of Meath and Dublin, 
 winds its course; and at a small distance, forms a beautiful 
 water-fall, called the Roches. This route is not distinguished 
 by any other remarkable, or extraordinary curiosity, either 
 natural or artificial, save only the ruins of a few delapidrit- 
 ed churclies. The verdant surface of the country indicates its 
 iertility, and it js ch'wfly occupied by respectable farmers. 
 
4^ KEW traveller's ftUlDL 
 
 Distance from Dublin. 
 
 MiIm* 
 
 Glassnevin . .... 2 
 
 Forest . . ... , 5i 
 
 Brackeiistown . . ... 6i 
 
 Bally bogliill . , . . lOi 
 
 Maul . . . . . . H 
 
 KOADS. 
 
 Finglass* — The road to Finglass diverges on the left from the 
 road leading from the city to Glassnevin and Finglass; at 
 the bridge, two cross roads run, the one to the right leads towards 
 Glassnevin, and the other to the ii-ft, winding along the banks 
 of Finglass river, leads to Cabra and CardulT. Finglas«5 
 town is pleasantly situated three miles from the Castle of 
 DubUn ; the church is a plain durable structure, erected on a 
 lofty eminence, whence there is a fine prospect ; contiguous to 
 the church, there is a spa, formerly much frequented, but now 
 neglected ; here two cross roads run, one on the right, and one 
 on the left. 
 
 PasS'if-ijoU'Can^ — Is situated five miles and three quarters from 
 Dublin ; a new road has been made through Kilsaloghan 
 Commons, which is shorter by half a mile than the road 
 running by Grenoge. 
 
 St, Margaret's, — Farther on are the ruins of St. Margaret's 
 Church. 
 
 Chapel Midxvay. — At Chapel Midway is a cross road running 
 to the right, and a little farther on, a cross road to the right, 
 and another to the left leads to Donboyne. Beyond the 
 eighth mile-stone, are the ruins of Kilsaloghan Castle. The 
 church is in repair ; here the road leading to 81ane winds to the 
 left. The direct road on the right, leads to Clonmethan. At 
 the tenth mile-stone there are two cross roads, the one to the 
 right, the other on the left leads to Grenoge, from whence at 
 a small distance, is the direct road leadmg to Garrelstown, 
 forming the boundary of the county. Strong indications of coal 
 have been discovered here, and an unsuccessful experiment 
 was made by thg late colonel Talbott to discover the real 
 situation of the mine. This tract is interspersed with some 
 
FOR IREULND. 
 
 43 
 
 beautiful mansions, and is thickly inhabited by opulent graziers, 
 wealthy farmers, and swarms of cottagers ; the soil is generally 
 rich, fertile, and luxuriant, and very well adapted for tillage, 
 and for pasture. 
 
 Distance from Dublin. 
 
 Mies* 
 
 Finglass . . . . . 3 
 
 Pass-if-you-can . . . . . 5i 
 
 St. Margaret's , . . . 5| 
 
 Chapel Midway ... . 7 
 
 Kilsaloghan . . . . . 8| 
 
 Clonmethan . . ... 10 
 
 Garrelstown . . . . * 14* 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of CastleknocJc* 
 
 Castleknock, 
 Clonsillah, 
 Chapel Midway, 
 
 Chapel Ward, 
 Mullahedart, 
 St. Margaret's. 
 
 ROADS. 
 
 The road issuing from Dublin, and leading to Navan by 
 Hatooth, is remarkable for the numerous beautiful seats which 
 environ it, almost in an uninterrupted succession, during its 
 progress in the county of Dublin ; at the distance of two miles 
 is situated the village of Cabragh, fantastically asserted to derive 
 its name from the heathenish Corybantian priests, its imaginary 
 original inhabitants; but the refinement of Celtic etymology 
 may discover a similitude where common sense can perceive no 
 analogy. At this village, two cross roads intersect the direct road 
 right and left; a little farther is another to the left. At the 
 bridge, two cross roads sweep along its banks, one to the 
 right, and another to the left. At the three mile-stone, there 
 is one to the left; at Kildonan, also is one to the right, and 
 another to the left ; and at Huntstown there is one to the right ; 
 at a small distance beyond the sixth mile-stone, is a cross road to 
 the right and left. At Mount Holly-wood there is a cross 
 
NEW TRAVELLER^ GUlDf! 
 
 road to the right; and a little beyond the seventh mile-stone, i.1 
 another to the right: here the county of Dublin terminates at 
 a little more than- the distance of seven miles. There are no 
 remarkable stages in this short distance. 
 
 Castlclcnock. — The two branches of the Mail coach road, 
 issuing from the city, and passing by Dunsliaghlin, unite at 
 Castleknock, distant three miles and an hidf from the Castle. 
 On the left, arc the ruins of an old castle, built in the reign of 
 KingHenry the Second, on a very lofty eminence, whence 
 there is a delightful prospect of the adjacent country. In tho 
 various subsequent contentions, it was often selected for an 
 encampment from its advantageous position. From Castleknock 
 issue two cross roads to the left, communicating with Knock- 
 maroon-hill in different directions; at the fourth mile-stone, 
 to tlio right, is situated the Observatory of Dunsink, a very 
 conspicuous object h'om its elevated situation. At the fourth 
 mile-stone tvvo cross roads issue to the left; on this side of the 
 fifth mile stone, a cross road runs to the right; and at a small 
 distance beyond the fifth mile-stone, another cross road runs 
 to the right. 
 
 Mullahedart. — The village of Muilahedart k distanfe six miles, 
 where two cross roads intersect the direct road, one to the 
 right, and another to the left. The ruins of IMullahcdart 
 Church are situated to the right, on a rising ground, near 
 which is a well, of pure, clear water, dedicated to the Virgin 
 Mary, superstitiously reverenced by the credulous multitude. 
 
 CLoonee. — On the verge of the county is situated the village 
 of Cloonee, distant seven miles, from the City, where the 
 county terminates. The tract from Castleknock to Cloonee, 
 is generally occupied by farmers, and consequently much 
 engaged in tillage. Lead ore has been discovered near th?' 
 old Castle of Castleknock ; and likewise fuller's earth. 
 
 Distance from Dublin, 
 
 Castleknock o - . . 3j 
 
 Mullahedart . . . 
 
 Cloonee . . . . . 7 
 
 Tlie PJicenijc Park^ — Situated south west of the City, is about 
 seven miles in circumference, beautifully diversified with 
 wofxlland, champaign^ and rising grounds, tastefully adorned 
 with extensive sheets of water, and plentifully stocked with 
 
rOR ICELAND, 
 
 deer. The Viceroy and his chief secretary's country residence 
 are situated in this Park, as also those of other considerable; 
 personages, attached to the viceregal court ; there is a strong 
 calybcate spa on the right of the entrance ''leading from the 
 park gate to the viceregal lodge. Copper ore has been dis- 
 covered in different ports of its surface; near Chapelizod, in 
 this park, is the Hibernian School, erected on a bold and 
 lofty eminence, commanding an extensive prospect, exclusively 
 appropriated for the cloathing, educating, and maintining thia 
 orphans of soldiers, who at a proper age, are appren- 
 ticed to protestant masters and mistresses; a very neat chapel 
 entirely built of hewn stone, and adorned with an elegant 
 stecj-Je, is attached to this establii^hment. From Knock-ma- 
 roon gate of this park issue two bye roads, that on the right, 
 along the high grounds, runs by the demesne of Oatlands; 
 traversing many delightful demesnes on which there are beau- 
 tiful country mansions, and commanding an enchanting prospect 
 of the distant mountains and the rich intcrveninfy hio-hlv cul^ 
 tivated, ai.d thickly planted vallies, with the numerous villas 
 profusely scattered in all directions. That to the left pre- 
 cipitately descending from the summit of the hill, runs through 
 this Irish Vale of Tempe along the banks of the Liffy to 
 Lucan, At Knock-maroon Hill, there have been some unsuc-- 
 cessfui efforts made to discover and w^ork a coal mine ; the 
 soil is generally a lime-stone gravel, and teems with lime-stone 
 quurries of the finest quality. 
 
 Parishes in the Baronies of Nexi) Castle and Ujopcr Cross, 
 
 Chapelizod Newcastle Crumlin 
 
 Balyfermot Clondalkin ' Alderg 
 
 Carlaghstown l^athcool Rathfarnhain 
 
 Palmerstown Tassa^ard Newtown 
 
 Tucan Tallow Caugh 
 
 ^t. Catherines Ballymore Eustace 
 
 ROADS. 
 
 From Kilmainham on the south side of the river Liffy, and 
 from the Royal Barracks on the north side, the two principrd 
 avenues issue from the City, which uniting at Chapelizod- 
 Bridge form a continuation of the great western Mail-coach- 
 road, leading, to Athlone, and then to Galway, Tuam, and 
 muny other town^ situated beyond the River Shannon, 
 
46 
 
 ■NEW traveller's GUIDK 
 
 Chapelizod — Is a handsome populous villajre, distant tw(^ 
 ir.il(!s and three quarters from the Castle, delightfully situated 
 on both banks of the Lilfy ; the Church is a plain neat structure, 
 situateil on the northern side of the river, from which a private 
 road leads along the Phoenix- Park wall, to the sumnn'tof Knock- 
 marroon Hill; here dili'erent mills are erected for various pur- 
 poses ; hence a cross road runs to the left leading to Ballyfermot, 
 
 Paimerstown^ — Is pleasantly situated on a rising ground, 
 and distant four miles from the City ; a very extensive Cotton 
 Manufactory is established where, v/hichis gradually reviving 
 this very nmch decayed and long neglected place. On the right, 
 is Palnierstown-house and demesne, the magnificent mansion of 
 the Right Honorable Lord Donoughmore, delightfully situated 
 on tlie banks of the Liffy; the intervening space from Palmers- 
 town to Lucan, situated on the right side of the road, and 
 bounded by the Liffy, is almost exclusively occupied, in an unin- 
 terrupted succession, by delightful country seats, enchantingly 
 liltuated on the declivity of a rising ground, overlooking the 
 meandering Lifty winding underneath through a rich and well 
 planted '.alley ; at Palmers "town there is a cross road to the left, 
 and at the five-mile stone another cross road to the left. 
 
 Lucan^ — Distant six miles and a halffrom the Castle, is much 
 frequented in the summer season by a numerous concourse of fash- 
 ionable visitors, attracted hither by the reputed celebrity of its 
 sulphurous and calybeate spa, deemed a most efficacious remedy 
 for cutaneous eruptions, and various other diseases; near the spiing 
 a very spacious and commodious Plotel is erected for the ac- 
 commodation of such guests as prefer the enjoyment of polite 
 society to retired private lodgings ; for which purpose, many 
 houses are neatly furnished in this village and its vicinity ; 
 Mr Vesey's demesne extending along the Liffy to Leixlip, affords 
 a most enchanting recreation to such strangers as obtain per- 
 mission to perambulate this romantic spot ; there is also in the 
 town a very good Inn, abundantly supplied in summer with a 
 vv-ell furnished larder for the accommodation of travellers. This 
 is a favor ate resort for citizens, who form many parties for the 
 enjoy! »ient of rural amusement, lliere are very extensive Iron 
 Works erected here, and various other mills for printing cali- 
 coes, and other different uses. From hence a cross road to the 
 right leads to Donboyne, and another to the left runs by the 
 chapel to Escher ; on this side of the hotel, a cross road 
 on the left leads to Celbridge. The county of Dublin termi- 
 nates at a little beyond the seven mile-stone. All this neig- 
 bourhood, abounds in lime-stone quanies. 
 
rOR IRELANB. 
 
 4-7 
 
 Distance from Dublin, 
 
 Miles. 
 
 Chapelizod, '2^ 
 
 Palmerstowi), 4 
 
 Lucan, 6j 
 
 ROADS. 
 
 Tlie great southern Mail-coacli-road issues from the summit 
 of James Street, sweeping along the valley of Kilmainham, 
 passes by RichraoRil Barrack, situated on the left, and at the 
 two mile stone, crosses the Grand Canal by a fine bridge. 
 The ruins of Drumnough Castle, and a little farther on to the 
 left, also that of Ballymount, are the only interesting objects 
 which can diversify the monotonous sameness that prevails, as 
 far as the road, for a couple of miles, runs along the flat. At 
 a small distance beyond the three mile stone, a cross road 
 runs to the right, and at the four mile ctone, a diagonal cross 
 road on the right leads to Clondalkin, remarkable for having a 
 round tower eighty four feet high, terminated by a conic pinna-, 
 cle ; it is still in a high degree of preservation. A little beyond 
 the four mile stone, js a cross road to the left, and on this side of 
 the five mile stone, is another to the lei't, and there arc two to the 
 right, leading in a slanting direction to Clondalkin ; between the 
 filUi and six mile stones, are two crossroadstothe right, andatthe 
 sixth milestone, on the left, are the ruins of Chevers-town-Castlc. 
 A little beyond the sixth mile stone, is a cross road to the right; 
 within a quarter of a mile of Rathcool lies Saggard on the left, 
 
 Rathcool, — Distant seven miles and three quarters from the 
 Castle, is a poor mean straggling long village, affording but 
 very indifferent accommodation for the comfor-ts 03- convenience 
 of visitors or travellers. It is mostly compoLsed of carmens' inns, 
 and its chief traffic seems to consist in vending malt and spirits. 
 Its Church, i^ituated on an eminence to the left, is a plain neat 
 structure, near which is a small parsonage house on the same 
 side. At the upper end of this village to the right is the Char- 
 ter School, exclusively appropriated for the cloathing, educat- 
 ing, and maintaining female orphans, and seems to be very 
 well adapted for this charitable purpose. I'rom the two extre- 
 mities of this village, two crossroads run to the right, leading 
 to Newcastle, wliich, previous to the Union, s?ent two mcmbcri 
 
AS 
 
 KEW TRAVELLEll^S GUIDE 
 
 io the Iii^ili Parliament. At the ei^<>hth mile stone, ontheltft, a 
 ilia^onal cross road creeps up Uic lofty mountains, whose base- 
 ments seem to commence here. A little beyond the nine mile 
 btone, is a cross road to the right, ascending the loity 
 Jiill of Lyons. On this side of the ten mile stone, the County 
 of Dublin terminates. 
 
 T/ie Adjacent Coutitrij — Is mostly occupied by farmers, thin- 
 ly interspersed, with some fine country scats, and appears com- 
 paratively bleak, considering its short distance from the capital ; 
 however, where the road ascends the intervening eminences, tlie 
 prospect to the right, on the fniest woodhmds, and most ttiickly 
 iiihabited spot in the universe, is most delighlFul, and on tiie leU, 
 the distant barren lofty mountains form a pleasant contrast 
 to diversify the scenery. 
 
 llathcool. — Distance from Lublin. , . . 7| 
 
 The road leading to Tallagh issues from Dol]:>hin's Barn by 
 & fine bridge erected on a lateral cut of the Grand Canal, 
 which communicates with the Lifiy by means of the Docks 
 at lling's-End. Before you enter Crumlin, iiistant three miles 
 irom the Castle, you meet a cross road on the left, leading to 
 Templeogue, and a little farther on, another cross road to the 
 light. 
 
 Crumlin — Was formerly a fashionable outlet, but seems now 
 utteily neglected. The Church is a plain stone structui-e. 
 A little beyond Crumlin is another cross road to the right. The 
 lands immediately adjoining the intervening distance from 
 Crumlin to Tallagh, are chiel^y occupied by farmers, and seem 
 to be well cultivated. 
 
 J'allagh, — Distant five miles from the Castle, is a straggling 
 irregular village only remarkable for being the Archbishop of 
 Dublin's country residence. The Palace is an ancient venerable 
 !L,tructure, possessing more strength and durability tlian extern 
 iial beauty. The gardens are very extensive, and kept in fine 
 order. On the right of the road is the (^^hurch, a plain stone 
 building, and has a lofty square steeple ; a considerable stream 
 passes by this village on which many mills are erected for vari- 
 ous purposes. From Tallagh a cross road sweeps to the left, 
 leading to Old Bawn &c.; and at the sevc-n mile stone, is a cross 
 road to the right, leading to Saggart. 1 he rcniainder of this 
 road to the verge of the county, which terminates at the ten 
 jnile stone, runs through that lofty and barren mountain named 
 Tallagh-Hiil. The soil between Crumlin and Tallagh is in 
 g-enerai a light lime stone gravely with some few moory low 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 49 
 
 grounds intermixed. This road is the great thoroughfare for pro- 
 visions brought from the neighbouring districts of the county 
 of Wicklow to the Dublin market. 
 
 Distance from Duhlitu 
 
 Mile?; 
 
 Crumlin, * . 3 
 
 Tallagh, . . . . • ^ 
 
 ROADS. 
 
 Through Harold^s Cross, a pleasant and healthy outlet, dis- 
 tant one mile from the Castle, runs the direct road to Rathfaru - 
 ham. On this side of the town is Rathfarnham Bridge con ) 
 sisting of one lofty arch, of a very wide span, thrown ovei' 
 the violent and impetuous Dodder ; a cross road on the left, 
 winding along the south bank of the river, runs to Taney 
 Church. 
 
 RathfarnJiam^ — Distant two miles and three quarters from the 
 Castle of Dublin, is beautifully situated on a gently ascending 
 eminence. On the left of the town lies the magnificent castle 
 and extensive demesne of the most noble the Marquis of Ely. 
 On the right is the Church, a spacious modern structure, to 
 which is attached the abutment of a square unfinished steeple : at 
 the extremity of this town commences the celebrated Military 
 Road already noticed. It may be necessary to remark that the 
 various streams issuing from the mountains afford such nume- 
 rous opportunities for the erection of machinery, that every 
 convenient situation offering a sufficient fall for the erection 
 of a mill is judiciously occupied by buildings of this description. 
 From this town issue two cross roads, one to the right, winding 
 beneath the foot of the lofty overhanging mountain, leads 
 to the numerous fine seats with which this section of the country 
 is so profusely ornamented ; the other to the left, leads to 
 Marley, little Dargle, and so on, through the lofty mountains 
 of Dublin to the verge of the county. 
 
 Rathmines, — A most delightful village, distant one mile and a 
 half from the Castle, is now almost connected with Porto-Bel lo 
 by a continued line of newly erected houses. On the right stands 
 that extensive range of building, the Cavalry Barrack, nearly 
 
50 
 
 NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 finished and mosienchantingl^^situatedasalready noticed. At this 
 village in the time oF the civil war, the Duke of Ormoud was 
 defeated by the Parliament-forces commanded by Colonel 
 Jones, with the loss of four thousand men killed and three thou- 
 sand prisoners. Although this outlet is the most circuitous 
 way of going either to llathfarnham or Tallagh, still it is univer- 
 sally preferred from the superior attractions of the wide and 
 beautiful avenues leading to this village, which will be render- 
 ed still more commodious, by a diagonal new road leading on 
 the right from the spring of llathmines to the old Castle of 
 llathgar, and meeting the straight road lately opened to com- 
 municate between Rathfarnham and llathmines, which runs in 
 a direct line along the demesnes of Terrenure to Templeogu-o, 
 where a cross road to the left, by a bridge thrown across the 
 Dodder, leads to Fur House, Holly-park &c. A little beyond 
 Templeogue, at the ruins of an old mill, commences a new road 
 to the left, which runs along the high grounds into Tallagh, 
 Description is inadequate to delineate the beautiful variety of 
 delightful prospects, which in rich profusion, are to be found in 
 this romantic district. 
 
 Parishes in the half Barony of Hathdo-i^n, 
 
 Donny-brook, Rathmichael, KilHny, 
 Taney, White Church, Monk's-Town, 
 
 Kilgobbin, Old Conaught, Stillorgan, 
 
 Killernor, Bullock, Tully, 
 
 Esker, Kill, Irish-Town, 
 
 a Chapelr}-, 
 
 ROADS. 
 
 The road leading to Enniskerry issues from Charlemont Street, 
 crosses the Grand Canal by Charlemont Bridge, and runs through 
 the pleasant village of Ranelagh, beyond which Coldblo«v- Lane- 
 road on the left communicates with Donnybrook, and a few 
 perches farther on the left, runs the road leading to Clon-skeagh, 
 The Miltown-road sweeps to the right, precipitately running 
 down the steep hill, passes through the town, then suddenly 
 turns to the left, crosses the narrov/ bridge, then after a short 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 51 
 
 ^vinding, ascends a sleep hill situated on the south side of the 
 Dodder. From the village of Miltovvn to the right, runs a cross 
 road along the banks of the river in a low valley, communi- 
 cating with Rathmincs. Midway betv/een Miitov. n and Rath 
 mines, is a narrow bridge thrown across tht Dodder, which is 
 intended to be enlarged, and thence a direct road is to run to the 
 Church of Taney, part of M'hich is already laid out, and 
 when completed, will shorten the distance, and render the 
 communication more delightful from the superiority of its more 
 elevated prospect. 
 
 MiltCiivi — Is distant two miles and a quarter from the Castle. 
 In the direct road from Miitown to Dundrum, a cross road runs 
 to the ]'?ft. On approaching the village, a cross road runs to the 
 left, passing by Woodbine-hill, and another to the right passing 
 a neat bridge, and circuitously v/inding round the Church situ- 
 ated on a bold declivity, which is now become too confined for 
 the greatly increased protestant population of this vicinity ; a 
 new spacious, and commodious structure, adequate to afford 
 ample accommodation for so numerous and respectable a con- 
 gregation, is immediately to be erected, for whose scite John 
 Giffard Esq. has gratuitously allotted an appropriate portion of 
 his delightful demesne; this edifice, from so elevated a situation, 
 together with its intended lofty steeple, will form a pleasingly 
 conspicuous landmark. 
 
 Dundrum. — This village, distant three miles and three quar- 
 ters from the Castle, has prodigiously increased within a very 
 short period, and is now much frequented for the salubrity of 
 its air, and the great plenty of goat's whey it affords to valetu- 
 dinarians requiring this restorative aliment; from the middle 
 of the town to the left, issues a cross road leading to Kilmacudd, 
 and at the upper extremity of the town, a diagonal road winds 
 to the right in a sunken valley, beneath the remains of an 
 ancient castle partly repaired, and boldly situated on the steep 
 brow of a lofty hill ; the Kdgobbin-road shelves obliquely to the 
 lelt, and ascending the kigh grounds, alternately sinking and 
 elevating, until it suddenly precipitates at the deep valley of 
 Sandy-fort village, distant four miles and three quarters from 
 the castle, thence rapidly emerges to the summit of an impending 
 liill, from v^'hence there is the finest view imaginable of the City, 
 Bay, Howth, and all the flat country lying in a north-western 
 direction, as far as the eye can reach. To the left, a little on this 
 side of the five mile stone, is a cross road leading to Stillorgan, 
 and at a very small distance on the same side, a new road is 
 partly finished, which in a straight line will lead towards the 
 
52 
 
 KEW THVELLER's GV/DE 
 
 Bray high road ; a few perches beyond the five mile stone to the 
 H'ight, are the ruins of an old castle, and at a quarter of a mile 
 farther on the right, stands Kilgobbin Church, built on a steep 
 hill, whence also there is an extensive pleasing prospect. From 
 Stcpaside, distant five miles and three quarters, runs the 
 Scalp road to tlie left; from this village also issues a road to the 
 right ascending a very steep hill, and running through the 
 bleak mountains, situated in that direction, 
 
 Kilfernan — Is distant seven miles from the Castle ; beyond the 
 eight mile stone, Dublin County terminates, on this side of the 
 Scf)lp. The soil in general is light and fit for pasture ; there are 
 some rich meadow grounds in the valleys ; the substratum is a 
 continued ledge of Granite rock. 
 
 The road leading to Bray by Donnybrook, issues in a direct 
 line from Leeson Street, crossing the Grand Canal ; on the right 
 of this road, in a retired healthy situation, is the Hospital of In- 
 curables, a most merciful institution, which conceals from pub- 
 lic view those miserable objects, whose disgusting maladies baffle 
 all the efforts of the healing art. 
 
 Donnyhrook^ — A pleasant village, is distant two miles from the 
 Castle ; the church is a commodious ancient structure situated on 
 the right side of the road, and in the centre of the vllage : there 
 are some cotton and printing mills erected here, which employ 
 a great portion of the population. On the left from Donnybrook 
 bridge, erected on the Dodder, a serpentine road runs to the 
 Kock-road : the beautiful mansion of Merville, is situated one 
 mile beyond Donnybrook, whence a cross road runs to the 
 right, and a little farther on, another to the left ; at the four 
 mile stone, to the right, is Mount Merrion, the magnificent man- 
 sion of Lord Viscount Fitz- William : here two cross roads run 
 to the right ; farther on to the right, stands Stillorgan Church : 
 here two cross roads intersect the main road on the right, and 
 another to the left : a little further on to the left is Stillorgan 
 Park, and nearly opposite the grand entrance to this enchanting- 
 retreat, is a new cross road to the right: at the five mile stone, 
 on the summit of the hill, is Newtown Park, and a cross road 
 to the left leading to Montpelier hill ; and at the five mile stone, 
 a crossroad runs to the right. A little farther on lies Cabinteely 
 to the left, and the stupenduous mansion of Clarehall, on a lofty 
 declivity to the right, here the Rock-road unites, and a cross 
 road runs to the right. From Donnybrook to this point of junc» 
 tion, the intervening valley, and adjacent eminences, constitute 
 a perpetual succession of the most thickly inhabited and best 
 pkntcd demcnses that any similar tract of country in the unir 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 53 
 
 ted Kingdom can produce, which when viewed from a distant 
 eminence, can only be compared to an immense forest, where 
 the different mansions seem bursting through the green fohage 
 of these umbrageous clusters. — From Baggot Street issues that 
 crowded thorough-fare the Rock Road, leading to Bray by the 
 Black Rock, passing Balls Bridge by an elegant bridge of 
 hewn stone thrown across the Dodder. 
 
 Balls Bridge. — This village is distant one mile and an half 
 from the Castle : here is established a most extensive Cotton 
 Manufactory, which employs a very considerable portion of 
 industrious population. 
 
 Bingsend. — On the left is situated the decayed village of 
 Ringsend, and a little farther on, to the left, lies that" fashionable 
 outlet Sandymount, very lowly situated on a sterile barren strand, 
 destitute of water and other conveniencies, necessary to render 
 a country residence comfortable : it has not the advantage of 
 ibeing a bathing station, as the water here, at the highest tide, 
 is so shallow that it is scarcely sufficient for the immersion of 
 an infant. Two serpentine winding roads communicate witli 
 this village from the Rock-road, from whence, there is a pas- 
 sage along the strand to old Merrion, distant three miles from 
 the Castle. The next village on the right is 
 
 Booterstown^ — whence issues a cross road to the right, called 
 Booterstown-lane, thickly inhabited, and where a superb Roman 
 Catholic Chapel has been lately erected. 
 
 Williamsfown, — Between this village and the Rock is Wil- 
 liamstown, where there is a very good bathing station when 
 the tide is full, but it is too much exposed to the road, and 
 therefore not a delicate situation to be chosen by females. From 
 Merrion to the Rock, the whole distance to the right is occupied 
 by beautiful country seats : on approaching the Rock, there is a 
 wide avenue to the right leading to Merrion. 
 
 Black Rock^ — Distant four miles from the Castle, is at present 
 the most frequented place about the city, but the town is crowd- 
 ed, narrow, and irregularly built, and the leading avenue from the 
 city is too narrow lor the safety of the passengers. This latter 
 inconvenience might be remedied at no very great expense, 
 by widening the road from Fort Lisle to the Rock, a very in- 
 considerable distance ; the adjacent villas crowded here in a- 
 bundance are elegant, and many are magnificent ; and the late 
 additions are more judiciously arranged, as the retired streets 
 are more spacious than the trading busy portion of the town, 
 sunk in the valley. There is a neat elegant Methodist Chapel 
 erected in this town. From the rixjing ground beyond the Rock, 
 
54? 
 
 KEW tjiavi:ller's gujd-e 
 
 runs a diagonal road towards Cabinteely, wLicli at present is 
 the route selected lor the mail coach, for which purpose this 
 road is most inconveniently too narrow, and requires to be con- 
 siderably widened. From this road a cross road runs to the 
 right. 
 
 Montpelier. — On an eminence about half a mile beyond the 
 Rock, is Montpelier a most healthy and delightful situation, 
 commanding an enchanting prospect; at the termination of this 
 road or avenue, at the distance of three quarters of a mile, is 
 Monkstown Church, a neat model of modern architecture, orna- 
 mented with a square steeple of hewn stone ; round the church 
 two roads sweep one to the right leading to lloachcs-town, the 
 other on the left leading to Dunl-eary hill, and thence to Dalkev, 
 by Bullock. 
 
 Danli'.arij. — The new village of Dunleary, from the irresisti- 
 ble attractions of its natural beauties, its extensive prospects, its 
 lofty and healthy situation, bids fair to become the established 
 resort of civic recreation in the course of a very short period, 
 and that the imperial throne of volatile and capricious fashion 
 ■will ultimately be permanently fixed on this favoured spot, 
 whose tasteful plan seems to be most juthciously arranged 
 for subsequent enlargement and improvement. A new direct 
 2-oad runs fiom the pier through the village, until it ter- 
 minates at the Hock Mail Coach-road. This village is distant 
 five miles and a quarter from the Castle ; the coast all along is 
 covered with Martello Towers, similarly constructed as their 
 more lofty and gigantic brethren the antient round towers, whose 
 singular form has generated a fruitless profusion of literary, 
 trifling, and conjectural absurdity. 
 
 Dalkeij. — Some remnants of supposed Danish fortifications 
 •otill exist at Dalkey, which unequivocally prove, that although 
 the Danes may have been cruel conquerers, they were not bar- 
 barous and savaijc v. arriors. The walls of the strontr castle still 
 remain entire, and some parts of the curtain flanked v/ith basti- 
 ons are sill visible: invaders possessed of such military science, 
 might confidently assail the rude and undisciplined Irish, whose 
 imaginary university of Tara, never exhibited an architectural 
 monument t^ commemorate its existence. Very different con- 
 sequences have resulted Itooi the pliilosophy of Egypt, Tyre, 
 Athens, Rome, and Palmyra. All the coast in this direction 
 is iron bound, and the soil consists of a light covering thinly 
 scattered on an immence mass of granite rock : lead ore is to be 
 found liere, which, according to Mr. Archer's report, had been 
 formerly wrought. 
 
FOR IRELANDr 
 
 55 
 
 Dalhey Island — Is separated from the maiii land, by a chan- 
 nel about five hundred yards wide, called the sound of Dalkey, 
 which has never less than eitrht fathoms of water, even xit the 
 lowest ebb of tide, and affords a safe shelter for vcssals, from 
 the violence of the north-easterly winds; the Island contains 
 about eighteen acres, and its sweet herbag(? is deemed excellent 
 pasture for all kinds of cattle, especially sheep, which rapidly 
 fatten here, and whose flesh acquires a peculiar fine flavour ; 
 its only ancient edifice is the ruins of an old church, and its 
 only modern structure a martello tower. 
 
 Killiny Hill — Is distant eight miles from the Castle, and i\s 
 lofty summit is adorned with an obelisk visible at an immense 
 distance. The Dalkey road in continuation, laboriously struggles 
 by circuitous windings t(^ ascend its frowning brow, which obsta- 
 cle being surmounted, it then, in a serpentine course runs 
 down its shaggy side, until it reaches a pleasant valley, and 
 afterwards unites with the Bray-road, To every admirer of 
 nature's boldest features, an excursion along this road must 
 prove inexpressibly gratifying. According to Mr. Archer's au- 
 thority, lead ore abounds here, and hatl been wrought in the 
 year 1751. The route from the junction of the Donnybrook 
 and Rock roads to Bra}^, affords a pleasing variety of agreeable 
 objects. The lofty mountains on the right, arc thickly covered 
 to a considerable altitude, with beautiful vallics enveloped in 
 thriving plantations. On the azure bosom of the sea, on the 
 left, may be seen numerous vessels, either peaceably gliding 
 to their destined ports, or rudely tossed by the angry surge. 
 The vicinity of Bray is enlivened by many delightful mansions, 
 whose rich inhabitants have been attracted by the natural beauty 
 of this romantic spot. Midway between the seventh and eighth 
 mile-stone, there is a cross road to the left ; a little farther 
 on beyond Loughlins-town bridge, a cross road runs to the 
 right, and beyond the eight mile-stone, a cross 3'oad runs to 
 the left, at the nine miie-stone, a cross road runs to the right, 
 and another to the left, and near Bray, a cress road leads 
 to Powers-Court, and the Dargle. Granite is the only kind 
 of stone to be found from the Ilock to Bray in all directions, 
 and there exists no prospect of this material being possibly 
 exhausted ; the soil of the lofty summits is shallow, poor 
 and sterile, but the vallics are generally luxuriant, the natural 
 consequence of disproportioned surfaces ; but such an under- 
 taking as this excludes a discussion of the physical causes. Tlie 
 county of Dublin terminates at the Bray river, snd it? gross 
 
NEW TRAVELLER'S Gl/IDE 
 
 and still imperfectly calculated population is estimated to amount 
 to 1 ''0,000 individuals. This County returns two members to 
 the Imperii! Parliament; and the different Fairs held at various 
 towns and villiages will appear from the annexed table. 
 
Table of Fairs Tield in the County of Dublin each month annually. 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Time. 
 
 Stock, 
 
 Tallagh 
 
 1 Tues. of March 
 
 Cattle 
 
 Luttrels-town . 
 
 28 March . . . 
 
 Horses 
 
 Carrickmines 2 days . 
 
 14 April . . . 
 
 
 Skerries ... . . . 
 
 28 Do 
 
 
 Rush ...... 
 
 1 May . . . 
 
 Horses 
 
 Garristown .... 
 
 5 Do 
 
 
 Lusk ...... 
 
 5 Do 
 
 Horses 
 
 Balruddery .... 
 
 6 Do. ... . 
 
 Cattle 
 
 Newcastle .... 
 
 
 Cattle 
 
 Swords 
 
 
 Horses 
 
 Kelsalaghan .... 
 
 A seen. Thurs. . . 
 
 Horses 
 
 Field stown .... 
 
 Whit. Mon. . . 
 
 Horses 
 
 Saggard 
 
 Tallagh 
 
 1 thurs.after trin.sun. 
 
 Cattle 
 
 7 July .... 
 
 Cattle 
 
 Rathfarnham . . . 
 
 
 Cattle 
 
 Lusk 
 
 J 4 Do 
 
 Horses 
 
 St. Mar<?arets . . . 
 
 
 Horses Cattle 
 
 Skerries 
 
 10 August . . . 
 
 
 Balruddery .... 
 
 
 Cattle 
 
 Garristown . , . 
 
 
 
 Palmers-town . . . 
 
 25 Do 
 
 Horses 
 
 Ballymore .... 
 
 
 
 Don ny brook , . . 
 
 
 Horses 
 
 Luttrels-town . . • 
 
 4 September . . 
 
 Horses 
 
 Kelsalaffhan . . . 
 
 8 Do 
 
 Horses 
 
 o 
 
 Tallagh 
 
 
 Cattle 
 
 Balbriggan .... 
 
 
 
 Rush 
 
 
 Horses 
 
 Newcastle .... 
 
 8 October , . 
 
 Cattle 
 
 Rathmichael . . . 
 
 
 Horses Cattle 
 
 Saggard 
 
 
 Cattle 
 
 Carrickmines 2 days . 
 
 14 Do 
 
 
 Ballymore .... 
 
 
 
 Garristown .... 
 
 1 November . . 
 
 
 Saggard 
 
 8 Do 
 
 Cattle 
 
 Tallagh . . • . . 
 
 9 Do. ... . 
 
 Cattle 
 
 Lusk 
 
 
 Horses 
 
 Distance from Dublin. 
 
 Miles. Miles. 
 
 Donnybrook ♦ . 2 Bray . . , 10 
 
 Stillorgan . . 4 Black Rock . , 4 
 
 Cabinteely . . . 6j Bray ... IQ 
 
 I 
 
COUNTY OF WICKLOW. 
 
 The County of Wicklow, is bounded on the south by the 
 county of Wexford ; on the south west, by the county of Car- 
 low ; on the west by the county of Kiklare ; on the north by the 
 county of Dublin ; and on the east, by St. George's Channel. 
 It extends from north to south, thirty-two Irish miles, and 
 from east to west, twenty-six Irish miles ; it contains SOSj^OI* 
 Irish acres. Its soil is as various as its surface is irregular ; 
 it is divided into six baronies ; and fifty-eight parishes. 
 
 Half Barony of Rat/idown, 
 
 Newcastle Talbots-town 
 
 Ark low Shilelagh half barony 
 
 Ballinacor 
 
 Parishes in the half Barony of Rathdown, 
 
 Bray, Kilmacenvoge, 
 Delgany, Powerscourt. 
 
 ROADS. 
 
 Bray, — Distant ten miles from the Castle of Dublin, and 
 pleasantly situated on the southern steep bank of the Bray 
 river, celebrated for its delicious trout, is much frequented in the 
 bathing season from its local attractions and its contiguity to the 
 enchanting rural scenery with which this vicinage abounds, bu^ 
 as long as its harbour is suffered to remain destitute of either 
 Quay or Pier for the accommodation of shipping, it must conti- 
 nue a summer lodging and bathing station, for which purpose it 
 is extremely well adapted, but can never enjoy the benefit deri- 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 vablefrom the establishment of a manufactory, requiring plenty of 
 fuel cheaply conveyed by water. The Church is boldly situated 
 on the verge of a steep and lofty bank overhanging the river, 
 and near the Church is the Barrack : This is a post town ; at 
 the upper extremity of the town, the road branches into two sec- 
 tions, one to the right, and the other to theleft: the latter (which is 
 the present Mail Coach road) passes by Kilriiddery, the Earl of 
 Meath's romantic country residence, situated in a deep valley, 
 overshadowed by lofty mountains of a dusky hue. In front of 
 this mansion, thatstupenduous mountain, Bray-Head, erects its 
 rocky barren summit. On its sloping side, human industry is 
 making a very rapid progress, by converting its barren heath 
 into verdant meads and cultivated fields, teeming with a joyful 
 harvest ; but its adamantine apex composed of massy granite 
 defies every tifort of human art to make any farther encroach- 
 mentor decoration on its primitive form, Atthe summit of Wind- 
 gate-hill, a cross road on the right, leads to Temple Carrick, 
 Bel view, &c. and on the left, two bye roads lead to Gray, 
 a noted fishing station, where a commodious harbour might 
 be made for the shelter and accommodation of this most useful 
 small craft, and even vessels of burden at a very inconsider- 
 able expence. A refuge of such importance is very desirable on 
 this dangerous coast. A very singular species of marble ha» 
 been lately discovered here. 
 
 At the thirteen mile stone, a diagonal cross road passes to the 
 right, and at the fourteen mile stone, another cross road runs to 
 the right, communicating with Delgany. The church of 
 this place, situated in the vale, is a neat model of modern archi- 
 tecture, decorated with an elegant lofty square steeple ; In this 
 church is erected a superb monument to the memory of Mr. 
 Latouche, a name supereminently distinguished in the annals of 
 charitable benevolence. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Ne'wcastle, 
 
 Kilcommon, 
 Kilcool, 
 Wicklow, 
 Down, 
 
 Glanhely, 
 Kildrenj', 
 Killougliter, 
 Rath new. 
 
 Kilcool Village, — Distant sixteen miles from the Castle of 
 Dublin, appears very much decayed, and the scarcity of fuel 
 materially contributes to increase the wretchedness of its mise- 
 rable inhabitants, whose precarious existence, depending on the 
 4)ccasional refreshment of car-men and feeding of horses, will be 
 
60 
 
 KEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 totally annihilated when the new Mail-coach road, running in a 
 more horizontal direction, is finished. At the seventeen mile- 
 stone, is a cross road to the right, and at the Black Bull, theNew- 
 town Mount Kennedy road reunites. In the whole range of the 
 country from the summit of Windgates-hill, the prospect to the 
 right is a continued chain of mountains diversified with various 
 shades and different tincts indelibly impressed by the irresistible 
 power of nature, or superinduced by the dint of human industry. 
 Here, a broken chasm, and there, a deep ravine occasionally 
 heighten the sublime grandeur of the scenery. Innumerable 
 streamlets issuing from the ouzings of the lofty mountains, tra- 
 verse the road in their struggling clTorts to reach their primitive 
 parent, the wide expanded ocean: on the left, the prospect is an 
 uninterrupted sea view. From the upper end of Bray, as already 
 noticed, the road issuing on the right leads to that romantic and 
 enchanting spot, the Glen of the Downs, through this Glen the new 
 line of the future mail coach road is to run. About a quarter of a 
 mile on this side of the twelve mile-stone, a cross road passes to 
 theright ; at the twelve mile-stone, another cross road runs to the 
 right ; and at the fourteenth mile-stone, is a cross road to the left. 
 This Glen, distant n little more than fourteen miles from the 
 Castle of Dublin, is only sufficiently spacious to contain a road, 
 and a gurgling streamlet, that gently murmurs along its side 
 on a rocky bed, interspersed with pebbles, and shaded with the 
 tender foliage of aquatic shrubs ; on the right, it is confined by 
 the almost perpendicular side of a lofty mountain, from whose 
 crevices and broken cliffs grow numerous oaks, so closely united 
 as to conceal, by the thickness of their foliage, the rocks whence 
 they issue; this green selvage fringes the steep ascent to a very 
 considerable distance, and then the brown heath crowns its apex, 
 intermingled with immense blocks of granite, majestically ex- 
 hibiting their rustic splendour in rude magnificence. On the 
 left, a steep and stupenduous mountain exhibits its apparently 
 inaccessible brow, which however, has been divested of its 
 primitive terrific aspect, by the plantations judiciously conceal- 
 ing the original deformity of its naked rocks. The magnitude 
 of the undertaking displays the liberality of a Latouche, whose 
 superb mansion at Belview is as distinguished for charity, 
 urbanity, and hospitality, as the extensive demesne is conspicu- 
 ous for an innumerable variety of indescribable beauties, which, 
 when viewed, can only be sufficiently appreciated. At the fifteen 
 mile-stone, a cross road on the left leads to Delgany, and about 
 half a mile on this side of Newtow^n Mount Kennedy another* 
 j:rps3 road passes to the left. 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 61 
 
 Ne*wf0W7t Mount Kennedy^ — Distant seventeen miles from the 
 Castle of Dublin, is a very pleasant village, which must even- 
 tually increase in wealth and population, by its becoming a great 
 thorough-fare for the mail coaches, as a cheap and expeditious 
 conveyance will induce multitudes to visit the romantic scenery 
 with which this vicinage abounds, among which the late Lord 
 Rossmore's improvements, and that natural curiosity, the Devil's 
 Glen, are supereminently distinguished : through this chasm 
 the river Vartrey falls with astonishing rapidity, above one 
 hundred feet into the Glen. The road divides from this village ; 
 that on the left leads to the Black Bull, where it re-unites with 
 the present Mail coach road, and another to tlio right. At the 
 twentieth mile-stone, is the village of KillouglUer, from which a 
 diagonal cross road issues to the right, and a little farther on 
 to the left, lies Clonmannon, through which demesne a private 
 road leads to Wicklow on a long horizontal level, called the 
 Murrow, which appears to have been formed of deposited 
 pebbles insensibly accumulated, in the revolution of ages, from 
 the agitated waves incessantly rolling on this bleak shore 
 during the violence of easterly storms. Near Newry Bridge, 
 the river Vartrey and another stream, cross the road and fall 
 into the Leitrim River, which winding under the flinty Ijase 
 of Wicklow Town, falls into the sea underneath the Black 
 Castle. At the twenty second mile-stone, a cros^ road on the 
 right leads by Rosenna to Rathdrum ; and at the village of 
 Rathnew, a cross road on the right leads to Arldow by Red 
 Cross. 
 
 WICKLOW TOW N. 
 
 WicMoxso To'wn^ — Distant twenty four miles from the Castle 
 of Dublin, is boldly situated on the declivity of a lofty mountain, 
 commanding an extensive prospect of Bray- Head, and all the 
 intervening flat country lying in that direction. The Black 
 Castle is a huge rock rising perpendicularly from the sea, on 
 whose platform acastle seems tohave been constructed, as appears 
 from the few remaining fragments of the ruins still existing, A 
 channel deeply cut into the solid rock, over which the draw- 
 bridge was thrown, is still visible, and likewise steps chizeled 
 down its side to communicate with the sea. Such are the 
 vouchers which attest its former importance before the invention 
 of gunpowder. Bow-men, archers, and slingers it might defy, 
 but a few mortars planted on the commanding eminences, 
 would very soon prove the inefHcary of its semibarUii^^J" 
 
62 
 
 NEW T11AV£LLER's GUIDE 
 
 battlements. The bay of Wicklow is much exposed to north- 
 easterly winds, but the harbour might be much improved by 
 constructing a pier running from this rock, and forming a 
 basin, at the mouth of the river, where vessels of burden might 
 take shelter from the violent tempests which so frequently occur 
 in the winter season. The church is pleasantly situated on this 
 side of the town, on a very lofty eminence; it has a high square 
 steeple, the goal, the c( ur!:-house, and the market-house, are 
 modern edifices built at th^ upper end of the town. About 
 a mile south-cast from the town are erected two Light-houses, 
 contiguous to each other, to warn the nocturnal wanderers of 
 the boisterous ocean, that Wicklow head is not far distant. — 
 This was a borough town previous to the Union, and sent two 
 members to the Irish Parliament. On this side of the town, a 
 road winding to the right by the chapel, leads to Arklow ; and 
 from the upper extremity of the town, a road runs over a very 
 steep and lofty hill, almost impassable for carriages. This 
 elevated road, after traversing these regions, accessible only to 
 horsemen, rc-unites with the present Mail-coach road, about 
 three miles beyond the town of Wicklow ; this mountainous route 
 in its most elevated positions, commands a prospect only bounded 
 by the horizon. Another cross road to the right, issues from 
 the goal of Wicklow, passing over a steep hill, crosses the 
 Mail-coach road about a mile beyond the town, and, by a cir* 
 cuitous winding through the intervening mountains, leads to 
 Rathdrum. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of ArJcloii\ 
 
 Dunganstown, 
 Castlemackadam, 
 Arklow, 
 Ballintemple, 
 
 Ballydonnel, 
 Enorelly, 
 Killahurler, 
 Kilmacow, 
 
 Kilpool, 
 Kilbride, 
 Temple Michael. 
 
 HOADS. 
 
 At the twenty-seven mile-stone, on the present Mail-coaich 
 road, a cross road on the right leads to Dunganstown, &c. ; 
 and about half a mile beyond the twenty-ninth mile-stone, there 
 is a cross road to the right; a few perches on this side of 
 the thirty-second mile-stone, there is another road to the right, 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 63 
 
 and at the thirty-fourth mile-stone, a cross road to the right. — ' 
 From the village of Rathnew, situated a mile and an half on 
 this side of Wicklow, a road branching off to the right runs to 
 Arklow by Red Cross ; at the twenty-sixth mile-stone, on this 
 road, a cross road runs to the right, and a little farther on, a 
 cross road to the left leads to Dunganstown: between the 
 twenty-^even and twenty-eighth mile-stone, a cross road passes 
 to the right ; and between the twenty-eighth and twenty-ninth 
 mile-stone, is a cross road to the right, and another to the left. 
 
 JRed Cross, — At the distance of twenty-nine miles from the 
 Castle of Dublin, stands the village of Red Cross, situated at 
 the base of a very lofty mountain ; from this village two cross 
 roads issue, one to the right, and a little beyond the village, 
 another to the left. The direct road to Arklow winds along 
 the brow of this stupenduous hill, commanding a boundless 
 prospect of the distant sea, and the low cultivated vallies calmly 
 reposing under the protection of its towering elevation. On this 
 side of the thirty-second mile-stone, there is a cross road to the 
 right, and another to the left ; and at the thirty- fourth mile- 
 stone, a cross road to the right, running by the banks of the 
 river Avoca ; it re-unites with the present Mail-coach road a few 
 perches on this side of Arklow Brido^e. The new Mail-coach 
 road will run between these two present routes, and will avoid 
 the mutual inconveniences to which each is particularly and 
 unavoidably exposed. A sketch of which it is expected to be 
 procured. 
 
 A) kloui\ — Distant thirty-six miles from the Castle of Dublin, 
 is pleasantly situated on the south side of the river Avoca, 
 crossed by a bridge composed of nineteen arches. The Church 
 is a newly erected structure. The barrack is situated on a 
 gradually ascending eminence, at the western extremity of 
 the town, extremely well secured in the rear by a deep, wide, 
 and steep ravine, and flanked by the river, running in a 
 parallel direction with the town; there are numerous fisher- 
 men's cabbins, irregularly built on the wide extended flat 
 intervening between the town and the sea: from this suburb 
 of the village, an intricate communication meanders among 
 the sand-hills until it arrives at the base of a rocky perpen- 
 dicular hill, abruptly commcncingwhere these most extraordinary 
 marine supersaturated sandy depositories terminate; which road 
 leads to Courtov. n, along the sea-shore, as closely as the irregu- 
 lar surface of the country will admit a proximity ; from the 
 western extremity of the town, by the barracks, issues 
 the road leading to Gorey. A judiciously coiiscructcd pier 
 
64. 
 
 }iE\V TRAVELLER'S GUIDE 
 
 would render this town a place of considerable traffic, whence 
 the internal wealth of the country might be readily conveyed 
 by water, but alas, not even a shelter is afforded for the pro- 
 tection of its numerous fishing boats, perpetually exposed tp 
 the inclemency of an irritable and turbulent sea; truly the 
 noble proprietors of the adjacent soil ought to exert their 
 influence to remedy this local impediment to national pros- 
 perity. Here nature has profusely scattered her bountiful mu- 
 nificence, but, as yet, has received no collatoral aid, support 
 or assistance. 
 
 At this town a body of rebels amounting to thirty-one thou- 
 sand men, were defeated on the ninth of June 1798, by the 
 royal army, commanded by General Needham, consisting of 
 a lew regulars, the rest militia and yeomanry, but the whole not 
 exceeding fifteen hundred men, according to Sir Richard 
 Musgrave's history of this calamitous and desolating rebel- 
 lion. A little above the town is a cross road to the right, and 
 a little farther on, to the left, is the Charter-School. Beyond 
 the beautiful demesne of Lamberton, another cross road runs to 
 the right, and at the thirty eight mile stone, a cross road 
 leads to the right. At a little distance farther on, the county of 
 Wicklow terminates in this direction. 
 
 Miles. 
 
 Bray . . .10 
 From Bray to Kilcool . 6 
 To Wicklow . . . 8 
 To Arklow . . -12 
 
 Miles. 
 10 
 16 
 24. 
 36 
 
 On entering the County of Wicklow, by the Powerscourt- 
 road, a singular curiosity presents itself to the view, called 
 the Scalp, distant eight miles from the casde of Dublin ; this 
 chasm, is imagined to have been caused by some violent con- 
 cussion of nature, which has rent this mountain in twain ; 
 but no theorist has ventured to conjecture, that this breach 
 might have been effected by the dint of human labour, as 
 this is the only horizontal communication with the rich and 
 enchanting vallies, situated to the southward of this steep 
 and perpendicular mountain, over whose transverse summit 
 the formation of a road was impracticable ; and if Ireland had 
 been as civilized in the remote periods of antiquity as repre- 
 sented in the legends of Celtic antiquarians, such an'*efFort of 
 art, for so important a purpose, v/oukl exist a noble memorial 
 of sagacity and industry, but whether our progenitors might 
 overlook the advantages derivable from so direct a communica- 
 
rOii IRELAND. 
 
 (53 
 
 tlon, it is not a violation of probability to suppose that this 
 stupenduous operation might be projected by the eagle eyed 
 sagacity of the Danish conquerors, during their sway in Ire- 
 land, and a recollection of these immense mounds, the 
 work of their hands, still existing in this island, corroborates 
 this novel conjecture. The wide aperture of this rent at the 
 apex, diagonally narrowing to the bottom, where it is only wide 
 enough for a road, savoi's more of human art than the majestic 
 grandeur of nature's operations ; thus, might this singularity 
 l:>e explained without the intervening agency of either a geni, 
 a giant, or a fairy. 
 
 Nec Dens intersif^ nisi digniis Tindice nodus. 
 At some distance south east from the Scalp, are two conical 
 lofty hills, called the Sugar-loaves ; how enchantingly would they 
 appearj if planted with such timber as is adapted to such 
 elevated situations ! A little farther on lies Enniskerry, a village? 
 distant ten miles from the Castle of Dublin. On the right is 
 situated Powerscourt, the magnificent mansion of Lord Vis- 
 count Powerscourt ; the front of the edifice consists of an 
 extensive range of hewn-stone, ornamented with pilasters, and 
 the demesne, containing about six hundred acres, is as taste- 
 fully ornamented, as the great variety of natural advantages 
 afforded opportunities of diversifying and decorating the origi- 
 nal drapery of this enchanting rural scenery; on the opposite 
 side of the river Dargle, is Charleville, the country residence of 
 Lord Monck, which presents a luxuriance of rural beauties^ and 
 also, the fine lawns and shady woods of Tenehirich materially 
 contribute to render this situation still more attractive and 
 delightful to the imagination. The Dargle, situated about 
 a mile beyond Powerscourt, and twelve miles from the Castle 
 of Dublin, forms a kind of arapitheatre, encircled by the sides 
 of two lofty mountains, thickly covered with w^ood ; which you 
 approach through a vast chasm formed between two masses of 
 mountains ; the height of the precipice over which the water 
 tumbles is immense, and whose constant roar, reverberating 
 through the gloomy forest, by whose thick foliage it is obscured, 
 must create sublime emotions : the v/ater thus precipitated in 
 this vast descent, angrily foams through an horizontal channel, 
 running through a verdant valley, where it gradually assumes 
 a more placid aspect, and then rolls with rultied serenity. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of BalIi/7iacor. 
 
 Derrylossery Rathdru ui 
 
 Glandelougli Kilpipe 
 
 K 
 
6$ 
 
 NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 At a little distance on this side of the fifteen mile-stone, 
 there is a crofes road to the left, leading to Newtown ; near 
 the sixteen mile-stone, a cross road runs to the right ; and a little 
 beyond the seventeen mile-stone, a cross road to the left. 
 Farther on, a cross road runs to the right, and a few perches 
 beyond the nineteen mile-stone, a cross road to the right. At 
 a small distance, on this side of Rathdrum, stands the ruins of 
 an old castle, to the right. 
 
 Hathdrum^ — A very prosperous and thriving town, is dis- 
 tant twenty five miles and three quarters from the castle of 
 Dublin ; a Flannel fair is held here on the first monday of 
 every month. The river Avon waters this town, there is a 
 neat church erected here ; both the town and vicinage abound 
 with a respectable and numerous Protestant population. Here 
 a cross road to the right, leads to Shilelagh. A mile 
 beyond Rathdrum, is situated Avondale on the banks of the river 
 Avon, whose natural beauties have been embellished with every 
 ornament which chaste and judicious art can bestow ; this vale 
 extends more than two miles, exhibiting every possible variation 
 of form ; imagination cannot paint a more pleasing scenery than 
 the interval between Rathdrum and Arklow presents to gra- 
 tify the fancy, as nothing can exceed its romantic grandeur 
 and sublimity, enriched with luxuriant forests, which for the 
 most part cover the declivities of steep mountains bounding 
 this enchanting valley on either side; the confluence of the 
 big and little Avon, called the Meeting of the Waters, which 
 occurs about two miles and an half beyond Rathdrum, forms 
 a delightful source of contemplative meditation : hence issues 
 a cross road to the right, leading to Aghrim; in some parts, 
 a striking contrast is formed, by the savage appearance of 
 wild and barren rocks, indicating the proximity of the rich 
 copper mines, of Cronbane and Ballymurtagh, situated on 
 different sides of the river, nearly opposite to each other : 
 At some distance to the right, lies Croughan-mountain, so 
 celebrated for its gold-mines, of which precious ore, the pea- 
 santry collected in the bed and banks of the river issuing from 
 this source of hidden treasure, two thousand, six hundred and 
 sixty six otmces of gold, from the twenty fourth day of 
 August, to the fifteent'i day of October, in the year 1796, 
 when all further search was prevented by the military taking 
 possession of the mountain, according to Mr. Frascrs report 
 of this transaction, in his Statistical Survey of the county of 
 Wicklow. According to the same report, lead mines exist in 
 this vicinity. About the five mile-stone from Rathdj'um, a 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 67 
 
 cross road runs to the right, leading to the sequestered barony 
 of Shilelagh. From the copper mines to Arklow, is a con- 
 tinued chain of beauiiful seats, situated on either side of the 
 ' Avoca, among which Lord Carysfort's and Lord Wicklow's 
 are supereminently conspicuous for splendor, beauty, grandeur, 
 and magnificence. 
 
 The new military road, as already noticed, was constructed 
 to open a free communication through the frightful waste, 
 wilds, and fastnesses, w^ith which the barony of Ballynacor 
 abounds, and which afforded shelter to an innumerable swarm 
 of outlaws and rebels, for a considerable period after the 
 rebellion of one thousand seven hundred and ninety eight 
 had been effectually suppressed in every other quarter of 
 the kingdom. Such a tract of country, therefore can afford no 
 other variety of prospect than an uninterrupted succession 
 of bogs, mountains, and morasses, whence issue all the con- 
 siderable rivers which water this and the neighbouring coun- 
 ties. The first object that occurs to relieve this dusky prospect, 
 is that delightful sheet of water, Lough-Bray, whose shores 
 are embraced by stupenduous cliff's, overtopped with lofty moun- 
 tains ; the next is Lough-Tay, which forms a beautiful bason, 
 about four miles in circumference, situated at the bottom 
 of craggy mountains, one of which exhibits the appearante 
 of an inaccessable precipice. The lake is the primitive parent of 
 the classical Avoca, whence it commences its course, and 
 proceeds to Loughdan, apparently mourning at the neglect 
 of its romantic scenery ; hence it winds by Glandelough where 
 it assumes the name of Avon, it then passes through the 
 vale of Clara, which is covered with an extensive forest. 
 
 Glandelough. — Or the seven Churches, is distant twenty four 
 miles from the Castle of Dublin, according to the admeasure- 
 ment of the Military Road ; this sequestered spot was: original- 
 ly an abbey founded and endowed by the ancient family of the 
 O'Tools, then Lords, of Imail and afterwards erected into a 
 Bishoprick, and continued a distinct episcopal see, until the 
 year one thousand two hundred and fourteen, when it was 
 annexed to the diocese of Dublin, for this curious reason 
 assigned, that although the holy church in the mountains was 
 anciently held in great veneration on account of St. Kevin, 
 who here led a solitary life, yet now it is become so waste 
 and desolate, and has been so for forty years, that from a 
 church, it has become a den, and nest of thieves and robbers; so 
 that more murders are committed in that valley than in any 
 other place in Ireland, occasioned by the direct solitude thereot 
 See Lcdwidge*s Antiqtiifes, page 183, Article^ Geiidehugh, 
 
68 
 
 NEW TRAVELLER'S GUIDE 
 
 Thus then the decay of this city is ascertained to have taken 
 
 place long previously to its annexation to the sec of Dublin. 
 
 This sin<ri]|ar spot, appropriated for melancholy musing, 
 is surrounded on all sides, except the east, by stupenduous 
 mountains, whose vast perpendicular height, throws a gloom 
 on the vale beneath, peculiarly calculated to inspire religous 
 enthusiasm. The two lakes are separated by a rich meadow : at 
 the west end of the upper lake, a cascade falls from the hills. 
 The various cataracts bursting from the surrounding summits, 
 unite their different contributions in the valley, to increase 
 the waters of the Avon. The ruins of the Seven Churches 
 which formerly flourished here, are still visible ; here also 
 is a round tower, one hun.dretl and ten feet high, and 
 lifty two feet in circumference near the bottom, still in a high 
 degree of preservation ; from Lough Shanahanfan, distant 
 about thrae miles, issues a stream named St. Kevins Kieve, 
 which falls into this valley, in this holy river, sjckly chil- 
 dren are immersed bofore sun-ri^e, on Sundays and thursdays, 
 and on St, Kevins day, being the third of June. The efficacy 
 of such ablutions must depend on the peculiarity of indi- 
 vidual constitutions, and the character of the infirmities. In 
 a rocky prejection from the mountain, is St. Kevins bed, 
 excavated from the solid rock ; the pafh leading to this terrific 
 pilgrimage is steep, dangerous, narrow and difficult, and the 
 least slip would precipitate the hazardous adventurer into th.e 
 lake beneath. There are copper and lead ores discovered in 
 this vicinity. The military road, in continuation is intended 
 jto unite with the cross roitd passing between Rathdrum and 
 Baltinglass. 
 
 Aghrim, — To the right from Rathdrum, a road runs to 
 Aghrim, situated on the river Derry, and distant thirty five miles 
 from the Castle of Dublin. Another road to the right, issues 
 from tliis direct comm.unication between Rathdrum and Aghrim, 
 leading to ('arysfort, a Borough, formerly returning two 
 jnembers to Parliament, although it is now a hamlet. From 
 Aglirim, a cross road runs to the right, and another to 
 the left: at the thirty seven mile-stone, the road from 
 Arklow, to the left, unites with the road leading from Aghrim 
 to Tinehaley, distant forty one milies fyom the Castle of 
 Dublin. 
 
 Blessington, — A neat little town, pleasantly situated on a 
 rising ground, near the river Lilfy, and distant fourteen 
 niiles fi'om the Castle, has a handsome modern built church 
 the left, with a lofty square steeple, contiguous to which 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 ^9 
 
 i$ a comfortable parsonage house ; on the right stood the 
 beautiful mansion of the most noble the Marquis of Down- 
 shire, delightfully situated in a fine park ; this habitation 
 was consumed in the exterminating rebellion of one thou- 
 sand seven hundred and ninety eight, and has never since 
 been rebuilt. This town, previous to the union, returned two 
 members to the Irish Parliament, and from it a cross road 
 runs to the left, leading to Ballyboys, and a little farther on, 
 a cross road to the right leads to Naas, 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Talhots Toum* 
 
 Hollywood, 
 Boystown, 
 ' Burgage, 
 
 Donoughmorc, 
 Donard, 
 
 JIOADS, 
 
 At the sixteen mile-stone, on the left, is situated Rus- 
 borough, the magnificent mansion of the Earl of Milltown ; 
 the front of the house and offices form an extensive facade 
 of hewn stone; the colonade is ornamented with pilasters 
 of the Corinthian and Ionic orders ; the whole range extends 
 near seven hundred feet, the apartments are correspondently 
 spacious, and suitably furnished ; here is a valuable collec- 
 tion of paintings, the best productions of the most celebrated 
 masters. 
 
 Ballymore Eustace^ — Distant seventeen miles and an half 
 from the Castle of Dublin is pleasantly situated on the 
 Dublin side of the Liffy, over which a bridge communicates 
 with the county of Wicklow. Here are the rums of a church, 
 on a high eminence overhanging the village, where a square 
 lofty steeple rcniains entire. A cross road to the right leads to 
 Naas ; near this village, is a grand water-fall, formed by the 
 Lifiy, called Poll-a-phuca : the various plantations and gravel- 
 walks which encircle this natural curiosity render it a pleasant 
 recreation, and it is therefore much frequented in the summer sea- 
 son by fashionable parties. At the nineteen mile-stone there is 
 ^ cross road to the ri^ht leading to Dunlaven, distant twenty- 
 
 Dunlavin, Tubber, 
 
 Crehelp, Dunbry, 
 
 Friendstown, Ballinure, 
 
 Killigan, Baltinglass, 
 
 Rathsallagh, Bellegan. 
 
70 
 
 NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 two miles from the Castle of Dublin, and another to the left. At 
 this place there was a shooting lodge, of the most noble the 
 Marquis of Waterford, which was burnt in the rebellion 
 of 1798. At the twenty- third mile-stone, there are two 
 diagonal cross roads incHning right and left : at the twenty 
 four mile-stone there is a cross road to the right communi- 
 cating with Dunlavin, and on this side of the twenty five 
 mile-stone, there is a cross road to the right. 
 
 Stradford on Slaneij^ — Distant twenty six miles and a quarter 
 from the Castle of Dublin, is pleasantly situated on the 
 banks of that river : it has a very thriving cotton-manufactory, 
 which employs a numerous population. 
 
 BalfmglasSy — A populous town, distant twenty nine milcis 
 and a quarter, from tlie Castle of Dublin, is pleasantly situa- 
 atcd on the river Slaney; there are some flruidical altars, 
 and other monuments of heathenish superstition still exis- 
 ting about this town. Here are the ruins of a fine old abbey, 
 and also a venerable castle. A Parliament was formerly held 
 in this town, and before the union, it returned two members 
 to the Irish Parliament. It carries on a considerable trade, by 
 the manufacturing of linen, woolen, diaper and other articles. 
 The County of Wicklow, terminates at the thirty first mile- 
 stone in this direction. 
 
 
 Miles. 
 
 Miles. 
 
 
 
 14. 
 
 
 
 17t 
 
 
 H 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 29t 
 
 Blessington 
 Bally mo re Eustace 
 Stradford on Slaney 
 Baltinglass 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Shilelagh. 
 
 Aghold, MuUinacuff, 
 Liscolman, Carnew, 
 
 ROADS. 
 
 From Tinehaley, the road branches into two sections, that 
 to the right leads to Tullow, and the one to the left to 
 Hilibrook ; from the Tullow road to the left, issues a cross 
 road near the forty-four mile-stone, leading to Carnew, forty 
 six miles and an half from the Castle of Dublin; here are 
 
ion IRELAND, 
 
 the ruins of an old church. From Carnew two roads issue, 
 one to the left and another to the right, running along -the 
 Wicklow side of the river Derr}^, crossing Tinehaley river, 
 which falls into the Derry river about two miles beyond Carnew. 
 Shilelagh village, situated on the right branch of the road 
 issuing from Tinehaly, and ramifying, right and left, near the 
 forty four mile-stone, is distant forty five-miles from the Castle 
 of Dublin. The Carnew and Shilelagh roads reunite at the 
 forty eighth mile-stone, and the county of Wicklow terminates 
 at the forty ninth mile-stone. The prevailing soils in the low 
 grounds under the mountains, are clayey loam, varying to 
 the gravelly and heathy soils on the sides of the hills and 
 higher grounds; in some of the low grounds, and in the 
 mountains to a great extent, the boggy soil prevails; it is 
 as remarkable for its mines as Ida in days of yore for its 
 numerous fountains. The eastern valley bordering on the 
 sea, is esteemed the most fertile as it is unquestionably the 
 most delightful; there is abundance of marl found in deep 
 pits in several places : the materials for lime must be impor- 
 ted, or brought from the county of Carlow, at an enormous 
 expence, by land carriage ; a circumstance that materially 
 retards agricultural improvements. The barony of Balinacor 
 is almost a desert, and a great portion of the barony of Tal- 
 botstown is waste and unproductive, which may be justly 
 computed to constitute one third of the county : the prevail- 
 ing stone is granite. 
 
 Tinehaley 
 Carnew 
 
 ( Miles. ) 
 
 ( Miles. ) 
 38 
 46 
 
 The Population is estimated at about fifty eight thousand. 
 
JJEVV TliAVELLERS GUIDE 
 Table 6f Fairs held in the County of Wicklovo, each month annualhj. 
 
 Places where lidd. 
 
 Tivie. 
 
 Jan, 
 
 /■'laces where held. 
 
 Time. 
 
 Rathdrum . . . 
 
 4< 
 
 Coolkenno . . . 
 
 1 
 
 linelialey ♦ . ^ 
 
 6 
 
 T T 1 1 1 
 
 Hollywood . . 
 
 3 
 
 Downs ♦ . . . 
 
 12 
 
 Kathdrum • . . 
 
 Silaii 
 
 Coolboy .... 
 
 27 
 
 Donard . ^ . . 
 
 4 
 
 
 Downs .... 
 Redcross . . . 
 
 6 
 
 
 Feb, 
 
 6 
 
 Coolkenno . • . , 
 
 1 
 
 T'* 1 1 
 
 Imehaley . . * 
 
 8 
 
 Kilrenala . . . 
 
 1 
 
 n 1 < • 1 
 
 baltmgiass . , * 
 
 12i 
 
 Hollywood . . . 
 
 1 
 
 Blessington . . . 
 
 12 
 
 Rathdrum . , . 
 
 1 
 
 Cronrow * . . . 
 
 12 
 
 T» 1 • 1 
 
 Baltinglass . . . 
 
 2 
 
 Carnew .... 
 
 13 
 
 Tinelialey . . . 
 
 7 
 
 Arklow .... 
 
 14. 
 
 Calary .... 
 
 12 
 
 Ballenderry . . 
 
 16 
 
 Carnew .... 
 
 18 
 
 Templetown . . 
 
 20 
 
 Rathdrum . . . 
 
 18 
 
 Dunlaven . . . 
 
 25 
 
 Coolalm .... 
 
 26 
 
 Coolalien . . . 
 
 26 
 
 
 
 Wicklow . . . 
 
 27 
 
 
 
 
 Mar. 
 
 n 11 1 
 
 Ballenderry . . . 
 
 31 
 
 JJunlavirt . , 
 Kathdrum . . . 
 
 1 
 
 1 h Ian 
 
 
 
 J une 
 
 Cool boy .... 
 
 10 
 
 Rathdrum . . . 
 
 7 1 lafli 
 
 Baltinfflass . . . 
 
 17 
 
 Kilcool . . » 
 
 7 
 
 Redcross . . . 
 
 17 
 
 Macredon . . . 
 
 7 
 
 Imehaley . . . 
 
 
 Affhrim .... 
 
 22 
 
 Wicklow . . . 
 
 28 
 
 n 
 
 Coolboy .... 
 
 23 
 
 
 
 Ashford .... 
 
 24? 
 
 
 
 
 Apr. 
 
 Tinehaley . . . 
 
 30 
 
 Newcastle . . . 
 Carnew .... 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 
 
 J uiy 
 
 Rathdrum ... 
 
 5 
 
 Baltin^lass . . . 
 
 1 
 
 isallinderry . . . 
 
 19 
 
 Carnew .... 
 
 1 
 
 "Newtown . . . 
 
 
 Blessington . 
 
 5 
 
 oiiaciiorii on ine ( 
 Slaney ... 5 
 
 21 
 
 Rathdrum . . . 
 
 5 
 
 Newcastle . . . 
 
 10 
 
 Ashford .... 
 
 27 
 
 Rathdrum . . . 
 
 12Flan 
 
 Coolboy , . . '. 
 
 28 
 
 Dunlavin . . . 
 
 16 
 
 
 
 Tempi estown . . 
 
 26 
 
 
 
 Bray .... 
 
 May. 
 
 Coolboy .... 
 
 28 
 
 ' J 
 
 
 
FOR IRELAND, 
 
 Flaces where held. 
 
 Coolkenno 
 
 Hollywood 
 
 Rathdrum 
 
 Downes . 
 
 Redcross 
 
 Tinehaley 
 
 Arklow . 
 
 Donard . 
 
 Wicklow 
 
 Carnew . 
 
 Dunlaveii 
 
 Ballenderry 
 
 Coliaten 
 
 Newcastle 
 Kilcool 
 Rathsaliah 
 Rathdrum 
 Stradford on 
 
 Slaney 
 Ashford . 
 Baltinglass 
 Templestowii 
 Bray 
 
 Coolboy . 
 Arklow , 
 
 Carnew . 
 
 Cronrow 
 
 Rathdrum 
 
 Time. 
 
 Aug. 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 2 Flan 
 
 5 
 
 5 
 
 7 
 
 9 
 12 
 12 
 19 
 21 
 21 
 26 
 
 Sep, 
 1 
 4 
 4 
 
 6 Flan 
 
 7 
 
 S 
 12 
 19 
 20 
 22 
 25 
 
 Oct. 
 I 
 
 2 
 
 4 Flan 
 
 Places xvhere held. 
 
 Tinehaley 
 Rathdrum 
 Dunlaven 
 Coolbov 
 Newtown 
 Ballenderry 
 
 Coolkenno . 
 
 Hollywood . 
 
 Rathdrum 
 
 Tinehaley 
 
 Templestown 
 
 Ballenderry 
 
 Blessin<jton 
 
 Downs 
 
 Macreddeu 
 
 Arklow . 
 
 Carnew . 
 
 Aghrim . 
 
 Wicklow 
 
 Coollaten 
 
 Newcastle 
 
 Rathdrum 
 
 Baltinglass 
 
 Rathdrum 
 
 Coolboy 
 
 Ashford 
 
 Ballenderry 
 
 Aghrim 
 
 Carnew 
 
 Time, 
 
 6 
 10 
 19 
 27 
 29 
 29 
 
 Nov, 
 1 
 I 
 
 iFJan 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 S 
 12 
 12 
 12 
 15 
 18 
 22 
 25 
 26 
 
 Bee, 
 6 
 
 6 Flan 
 
 8 
 11 
 15 
 16 
 21 
 21 
 22 
 
COUNTY OF WEXFORD. 
 
 The County of Wexford — Is bounded on the Kast, by St. 
 George's Channel ; on the South by Waterford Bay ; on the 
 8outh-vvest by the County of Kilkenny ; on the West by the 
 County of Carlow : and on the North by the County of Wick- 
 low. This County extends thirty-eight Irish miles in length, 
 and twenty-four Irish miles in breadth. It contains 315,39(> 
 Irish plantation acres, and is divided into eight Baronies, and a 
 liundred and forty-two Parishes, with two Boroughs; namely, 
 Wexford and New Ross, each of which return one member ta 
 the United Piarliament. 
 
 Names of Baronies, 
 
 Gorey^ Shelmalierej 
 
 Ballaheen, Forth, 
 
 Scarewalsh, Bargie, 
 
 Bantry, Shelburne. 
 
 It forms almost a peninsula, being separated from theCeunties 
 of Waterford and Kilkenny by the deep and navigable streams 
 of the Nore and Barrow ; and fi'om the Counties of Carlow and 
 Wicklovv, by formidable ranges of stupenduous mountains, 
 through which there are only two passes, one by the sea-side at 
 Arklow, and another by ScuUough Gap, to the County of 
 Carlow\ This County situated contiguous to the principality of 
 Wales, and nearly opposite to the mouth of the British Channel, 
 presented great advantages to the British invaders of Ireland, 
 in the reign of Henry the II. ; w^ho, after their first victories 
 over the r.atives, selected the County of Wexford from its natu- 
 ral strength, for the residence of the first English colonists 
 that established themselves in this island. Respecting its rela- 
 tive fertility, the maritime districts are the most productive^ 
 
TOR iPtELAND. /i? 
 
 and possess tlie greatest faciFity of procuring the necessary 
 requisites for additional improvement. The Baronies of Forth 
 and Bargie, divided from the west of the County, by a cham of 
 mountains, named the Mountains of Forth, are considered the 
 most fruitful, and abound with marl and other manures. The 
 remainder of the County is interspersed with single mountains 
 of considerable elevation. 
 
 To Gorej/, hi) Arklo'is. 
 
 (MHes,) 
 
 From Arklow to Gorey . %\ 
 Gorey 45| 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Gorey, 
 
 Inch, 
 
 Kili>orman, 
 Balljx-anow, 
 Cross Patrick, 
 Gorey, or Newboro, 
 
 Kilcomb, 
 Kilkovin, 
 Kilnahue, 
 Kiltennel, 
 
 Kilturk, 
 LiskenforCj 
 Tomb, 
 Killenore. 
 
 ROADS, 
 
 The sea-coast road from Arklow, as already noticed, runs in 
 a parallel direction with the mail-coach road, with which it 
 communicates by cross roads intersecting it at convenient dis- 
 tances; it passes along the brow of Tara- Hill, and then inclines 
 to the left, winding by the demesne of Lord Courtown. It 
 then passes by Donoughmore, and afterwards traverses the sand 
 banks until it re-unites with the mail-coach road at the village 
 of Kilmuckridge. On entering the county of Wexford, the 
 road forks into two branches, that to the left, leads to Gorey, by 
 Castlestown, and that to the right, to Coolgreney, which is the 
 road at present chosen by the mail-coach. A little beyond the 
 forty- second mile-stone, tliere is a cross road to the right, and 
 another to the left ; and a little beyond the forty-fourth mile- 
 stone, is a diagonal cross road to the right, near the town of 
 Gorey, from whence a cross road issues to the riglit, leading to 
 Carnew, and another to the left, leading to Courtown ; a 
 pleasant brook winds along the town, wiiich was a Borough 
 
78 
 
 ^EW traveller's guide 
 
 previous to the Union, returning two members to tlic Irish 
 Parliament. This town was plundered, and sucli ill-fated 
 Protestant inhabitants as could not immediately accompany tlic 
 retreating army, after Colonel WalpooVs defeat at Tubberneer- 
 iug, on the fourth of June, 1798, were most inhumanly 
 butchered by the rebels, and their habitations levelled with the 
 ground. Sir Richard Musgrave, in his historical narrative of 
 these fanatical atrocities, page 500, says that the Protestant 
 church was the first object of their implacable animosity, 
 ■which they completely dismantled. The magnificent mansion 
 of Ramsfort, and the beautiful residence at Clonattin, were 
 consumed in the paroxism of this exterminating frenzy, and 
 which habitations have never since been rebuilt. Thus 
 many noblemen, and gentlemen, have been unvoluntarily 
 constrained to take shelter in the sister kingdom, where their 
 pereons are secure from a similar recurrence of such barbarous 
 outrages. At the forty-six mile-stone, a little beyond the town, 
 the road branches into two sections, that to the right, leading 
 to Enniscorthy and that to the left, running direct to Wex- 
 ford. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Balaheen, 
 
 Ballyhuscard, 
 
 Edermine, 
 
 Kilcormuck, 
 
 Kilnamana, 
 
 Monomoling, 
 
 Templeshannon, 
 
 Bally valden, Kilelly, 
 
 Kilmalog, Killinagh, 
 
 Ardamine, Killesk, 
 
 Castle- Ellis, Kilmocrish, 
 
 Donoughmorc, St. Nicholas, 
 
 Killancooly, Skryne. 
 
 ROADS. 
 
 At about a quarter of a mile on this side of the fiftieth mile- 
 stone, a cross road runs to the right, communicating with the 
 Enniscorthy road, and another to the left leading to Killiny ; 
 at about half a mile beyond the fiftj^-first mile-stone, a cross 
 road runs to the right, and a little farther on another to the 
 left ; at the fifty-third mile-stone, a cross road to the right leads 
 to Ferns ♦ and mid-way between the fifty-fourth and fifty-fifth 
 mile stones, a cross road to the right leads to Ferns; and 
 beyond the fifty-sixth mile-stone there is a cross yoad to the 
 
von IRELAND. 
 
 right, leading to Enniscorthy ; at the fifty-sixth mile-stone there 
 is a cross road to the left ; at the fifty-seventh mile stone, a 
 cross road to the right, leads to the village of Oulart, where 
 the gallant Colonel Foot, with a chosen band of wan iors, 
 selected from the North-Cork mihtia, consisting of one hundred 
 men, after performing prodigies of valonr, displaying heroic 
 intrepidity, and killing a vast number of the rebels, were 
 finally surrounded and destroyed, except their brave commander, 
 one sergeant, and three privates. The number of rebels 
 collected in this engagement, is ascertained to have exceeded 
 five thousand bigotted fanatics. ' This unfortunate event took 
 place on Whit-Sunda}^, the 27th of May, 1798; for particulars 
 of concomitant cruelties, barbarities, and assassinations v/antonly 
 perpetrated. See Musgrave's Hhtory^ page 424, and the Sequel 
 Detail, Vol. 1st. 
 
 At an inconsiderable distance on this side of the fifty-ninth 
 mile-stone, there is a cross road to the right, leading to Ennis- 
 corthy, and another to the left, leading by Castle Ellis church : 
 at the sixtieth mile-stone, there are two cross roads running 
 right and left ; at the sixty-first mile-stone, a cross road runs 
 to the right, leading to Enniscorthy, and another to the left, 
 runs to New-fort, and a little beyond the sixty-second mile- 
 stone, there are tw^o diagonal cross roads, diverging right and 
 left. At Castle Bridge, situated at the forty-fourth mile-stone, 
 .1 cross road passes to the right, communicating with the Ennis- 
 corthy road. The church is situated on the left of this village, 
 and at the sixty-sixth mile-stone, the road terminates on this 
 Mc of the wooden bridge, erected to lead directly into the town 
 of Wexford ; in tliis distance, intervening between Gorey and 
 Wexford, many fine streamlets intersect the road, although 
 not dignified with any particular appellatives, to discriminate^ 
 their positions. 
 
 Gorey 
 
 Ballycanoe ... 4 
 
 Wells ... 5 
 
 Kyle . . . li 
 
 Wexford , . . 10| 
 
 ( Miles. ) 
 451 
 4^1 
 
 m 
 
 The road leading from Gorey to Enniscorthy, as already 
 noticed, branches to the right at the forty-sixth nlile-etone ; at 
 the forty-eighth mile stone, to the right, are situ ilcd ('lough 
 church, and a cross road to the left. 
 
78 KEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 Parishes ift the Barony of Scarex^ahh. 
 
 Thelrusli, Ilossmonogiie, Ferns, 
 
 Maycomb, Tompleslianbougli, Maudlin. 
 
 Newtown-Barry, Enniscortliy, 
 
 At tlic fifty-first milc-stone, is Camolcn-bridgo, over the river 
 Ban; hcrctwo crossi oadsnni totheright, the one Icadingthrough 
 Money Seed, and the other from Coolboy and Carnew, county 
 of Wickk)w, contcrminate and merge into the mail-coach road; 
 a little farther on to tlie right, lies the church, adjoining Caraolcn 
 Park, thebeautiful demesne and residence of Earl Mountmorris. 
 A cross road runs to the left, and at the fifty-fourtli mile-stone, is 
 situated Ferns; heretwocrossroadsrun right and left. Itis conjec- 
 tured that theancient City of Menapia, mentioned by Ptolemy, was 
 erected on the scite where Ferns now stands, it is a Bishops see. 
 On the right as you enter the town, are the ruins of an abbey, 
 v>^here Dermot, King of Leinster, concealed himself from the 
 fury of his rebellious subjects, on his return from soliciting 
 foreign succour, to reinstate him in his dominions, until tlicir 
 arrival. From this period the history of Irish transactions 
 becomes a blended narrative, commixed with the subsequent 
 events which have since occurred in the stupcnduous revolutions 
 cf that great nation, to which it is inseparably annexed. On 
 the left stands the Episcopal Palace, an elegant modern edifice; 
 on this side also are the ruins of an old castle. The ruins of 
 an old church still exist, built of brown slaty stone. The 
 Cathedral refitted and repaired in the modern stile, stands in 
 the centre of the town. The river Ban, runs at the back of 
 the town to the left, and continues its course in a parallel direction 
 •with the mail-coach road, until it empties itself into the Slaney, 
 a little to the left of Scarewalsh Bridge. This town was sacked 
 and pillaged by the rebels of 1798 ; it is a curious coincidence 
 of calamities, that this town was similarly treated by the rebels 
 of 1641. A rebel taken in arms, near Scarewalsh Bridge, in 
 the month of June, 1798, being asked, why the rebels did not 
 consume the Bishop's Palace, after they had plundered it, he 
 answered, that Father John Murphy of Boulavogue, meant to 
 keep it for himself. See Musgrave's Hisloriji Page 415, Vol. i. 
 
 To Clonegal, hy Tinehaley. 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Clonegal • - 9j | 47i 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 79 
 
 On entering the County of Wexford, by Cionegal, distant 
 from Tinehaley nine miles and a half, and forty-seven miles 
 and a half from the Castle of Dublin ; at three miles distance 
 from this village, are the ruins of Ryland and Clohan Castles, 
 From Cionegal, a cross road to the right, leads to Louglilin 
 Bridge ; the direct road leading to Enniscorthy, runs to the 
 left of the river iSlaney, at Ball an a Park, it is intersected by 
 two cross roads, that to the right leading to Newtown Barry, 
 and another to the left communicating with the Carnew road. 
 At Clobemon a cross road to the left leads by Tombrac cross 
 to Ferns ; at Ballycarncy Bridge is a cross road running i ight 
 and left ; and at Scarewalsli Bridge it meets the Ferns mail- 
 coach road, then crosses the river Ban, and thence proceeds 
 by Salsboro, until it terminates at Enniscorthy. 
 
 Newtown Barn/, — Situated on the banks of the Slaney, is dis- 
 tant forty seven miles from the Castle of Dublin ; from this town 
 three cross roads issue to the right, that next the river leads to 
 the Loughlin's bridge road, the centre cross road to Tullow, 
 and the upper cross road runs by Kihnichael to New Ross. 
 This town was attacked on the first of June 1798, by a strong 
 body of rebels, moving in two columns, on either side of the river 
 Slaney, from which they were repulsed with prodigious slaughter, 
 by a detachment of the King's County Militia, commanded by 
 Colonel Lestrange : the few yeomanry engaged in this action dis- 
 played singular valour, (see Musgrave's Narrative). On the righfi 
 of this town issituated these stupenduous mountains called Mount 
 Leinster, Carnerag, and Black Stairs, which divide the coun- 
 ty of Carlo w from Wexford. The only communication through 
 this inaccessible range of lofty mountains, is by Scullagh Gap, 
 passing between Carnbrag, and Black Stairs ; three cross roads 
 issue from the Enniscorthy road, between Newtown Barry and 
 Scarewalsh bridge to the right, to facilitate a communication 
 with the road leading from Newtown Barry to New Ross. 
 From Scarewalsh bridge the road runs on the right of the river 
 Slaney,. until it terminates at Enniscorthy, distant twelve 
 miles from Newtown Barry. 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Newtown-Barry ..... I 47 
 
 To Enniscorthy by Newtown-Barry 12 | 59 
 
 FMiiiscorthij. — The town of Enniscorthy is pleasantly situated 
 on both sides of the river Slaney, over which a stone bridge 
 composed of six arches is erected ; it was a borough town pro- 
 
80 
 
 KLW TltVELLEIl^S GUIDE 
 
 vioiis to tlic union, [intl returned two members to the Irisli Piirli.i- 
 nient: the market house, tlie town house, and ])rincipal streets, 
 arc situated on the right side of the river. Two suburbs named 
 Temple Shannon aiul Drumgold, arc situated on the left side 
 of the river, at the foot of Vine^rar tlill, quite close to the town ; 
 the tide ebbs and flows up to it, which renders the river navi- 
 gable for barges of considerable burden, which circumstance 
 renders it a place of some trade. On monday mornino- 
 the 28tli day of May 1798, it was attacked by a strong co- 
 lumn of rebels amounting to between six and seven thousand 
 men, who were most gallantly encountered by a very feeble 
 garrison, composed of militia detachments, and a few yeomanry 
 cor})s, the whole not exceeding three hundred effective men, 
 who after sustaining an unequal conflict against such a superior 
 number, the most part of the day, during which engagement, 
 alter having atchieved prodigies of valour, this gallant little band 
 was reluctantly constrained to retire to Wexford, lest it might 
 be surrounded in the night by so overwhelnn'ng a multitude ; 
 the cruelties, murders, and massacres committed by this fanatic 
 rabble, on the unofl'ending Protestant victims, that were immo- 
 lated at the sanguinary shrine of remorseless bigotry, and en- 
 thusiastic fury, almost exceed the limits of credibility; and cha- 
 rity would fain discredit such horrible transactions, were it 
 possible to resist the irrefragible testimony of the melanchly re- 
 cords verifying the reality — what atrocious barbarities, super- 
 stition and enthusiasm can perpetrate ! After the rebels had 
 taken possession of the town, the first ebullition of their fury 
 was directed against the church, which they immediately dis- 
 raantled, and burned all the combustible materials before the 
 door; next the houses of the Protestants were rifl3ed, and their 
 remaining inmates butchered. Vinegar Hill impending over the 
 town, from its very elevated situation, was selected as a proper 
 position for an encampment, which was fortified in the best 
 manner that ignorance and inexperience could devise ; here an 
 army often thousand rebels was stationed until the 21st day of 
 June 1798, when they were totally defeated, roured and dis- 
 persed, and would have been entirely annihilated, could General 
 Needham have arrived at the critical moment, to occupy the 
 post allotted for his co-operation : Sir Richard Musgrave cal- 
 culates, and produces vouchers in confirmation of the allega-* 
 tion, that five hundred loyal protestants were massacred at En- 
 niscorthy, and Vinegar Hill, while the rebels remained masters 
 of both places. Such are the tragical consequences uniformily 
 resulting from fanaticism, whenever it usurps the immaculate 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 81 
 
 throne of pure religion ; it extinguishes every noble sentiment 
 and generous feeling of which the human heart is susceptible. 
 The soul sickens at the recital of such intellectual debasement, 
 degradation, and depravity ; but alas, this does not exist a solitary 
 specimen of that popular frenzy which occurred in the county of 
 Wexford. Two roads lead from Enniscorthy to Wexford; the 
 road running on the left bank of the river terminates at Car-^ 
 rickferry, distant about a mile and an half from Wexford, the 
 cross roads issuing from the direct road leading from Gorey 
 to Wexford terminate on this road in nearly equal distances, 
 at which their diverging points to the right have been already no- 
 ticed. From the road running to the right bank of the Slaney be- 
 tween Enniscorthy and W exford, at the sixty-first mile-stone two 
 cross roads diverge to the right in opposite diagonal directions. 
 At the sixty-four mile-stone a cross road runs to the right ; 
 at the sixty-five mile-stone a cross road leads to the right ; at 
 the sixty-seventh mile-stone, a cross road runs to the right; and 
 a little distance on this side of the seventy-first mile-stone the road 
 forks into two branches, that on the left leading to Carrickferry, 
 and that on the right, running by a more circuitous route to the 
 town of Wexford, from which section, at the distance of two 
 miles from the tov/n of Wexford, a direct road issues communi- 
 cating with New Ross. Many considerable streams issuing 
 from the mountains, in their progress to the Slaney, intersect this 
 beautiful road running on its right bank between Enniscorthy and 
 Wexford, and most materially contribute to ornament and di^ 
 versify this intervening romantic scenery, enchantingly bespan- 
 gled with tastefully cultivated demesnes, and magnificent man- 
 sions, negligently dispersed on either bank of the river. 
 
 Enniscorthy 
 
 Wexford 11 
 
 N. B. The road from Dublin to Wexford 
 by Enniscorthy, is more circuitious by 
 five miles than the road directly leading 
 from Gorey by Broadferry to Wexford. 
 
 (Miles,) 
 60 
 
 71 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Bantry, 
 
 Adams- town 
 
 Ballyane 
 
 Carnagh 
 
 Clougli 
 
 Killan 
 
 Kilcommon 
 Old Ross 
 Rossdroit 
 Saint John 
 Templescobt>in 
 
 Whitechurch Glynn 
 
 Clenmore 
 
 New Ross 
 
 Downoney 
 
 Kilscanlan 
 
82 
 
 HEW traveller's guide 
 
 ROADS. 
 
 On tlic road leadiug from Enniscortliy, to New- Ross, at the 
 third mile-stone, two cross roads diverge right and left, and 
 at the four mile-stone, are the ruins of an old church to the 
 left; at the five mile-stone a cross road to the left leads to 
 Fooks-mil), and at the distance of nine miles and an half from 
 Enniscortliy stands Old Ross, sixty-three miles from the Castle of 
 Dublin, from whence two cross roads issue to the left, one 
 leading by Carrickburns and Sculabogue to Taghmon, and the 
 other, in a more southerly direction to Kilscanlan. Carrick- 
 burne rock is memorable for being the scite of a rebel encamp- 
 ment in the sanguinary rebellion of 1798, contiguous to which 
 stands Scullabogue, a name which must inspire sensations 
 of horror at the massacre committed on the helpless Protestant 
 prisoners confined in a barn which was converted into a tem- 
 porary prison. One hundred and eighty four victims were 
 consumed in the flames, when the barn was purposely destroyed 
 to accomplish this diabolical purpose, and thirty-seven were 
 shot before the barn door, as recorded in Musgrave's memoirs 
 of this cruel, barbarous and atrocious waste of human lifc^ 
 through the fanatical zeal of bigoted enthusiasm, which affixes- 
 an indelible disgrace on human nature^. 
 
 Enniscorthy ....... . 
 
 To New Ross .15 
 
 New Ross by Enniscorthy . . . 
 New Ross by Ballyburris .... 
 
 (Miles.) 
 60 
 
 to 
 67 
 
 NeW'Ross, — Pleasantly situated on a large stream, formed by 
 the junction of the Nore and Barrow; is distant fifteen miles 
 south west of Enniscorthy, and sixty seven miles from the Castle 
 of Dublin by the Ballyburris road ; it communicates by means of 
 a wooden bridge, with tlie county of Kilkenny. The navigation 
 up to this town is very good, as vessels of four hundred tons 
 burden, can lie close to the quay. Such natural advantages en- 
 sure a very considerable export trade ; it was formerly a place 
 of great strength, being surrounded with high walls, towers 
 and bastions ; however it made a very feeble resistance against 
 Cromw^ell, although defended by Lord TaafFe, an able general: 
 and a numerous garrison. Before the Reformation it abounded- 
 
TOR IRELAND. 
 
 iii'itli religious houses, some of whose ruins still remain. It re- 
 turns one member to the Imperial Parliament. On the fifth day of 
 June, 1798, this town was furiously attacked by an immense 
 body ofrebles commanded by Beecham B Harvey ; the garrison 
 made a most determined and heroic resistance, though with 
 various reverses and fluctuations of success, during the continu- 
 ance of this arduous struggle against a most alaruiing dispro- 
 portion of physical superiority. This combat lasteii the whole 
 day, and the rebels w^ere at length repulsed in every direction 
 %vith immense carnage. The defence v>'as judiciously projected 
 and bravely conducted by Gejieral Johnston, but this bril— 
 Jiant victory was clouded by the dea'.h of a most amialrle noble 
 man. Lord Mount-joy*, who fell early in the action, l)raveiy com- 
 bating the enemies of his sovereign, at the head of his regi'ticnt, 
 the Dublin Militia. The different cross roads issu.'ng from Cione- 
 gal, Newtown- Barry, and Sculagh-gap, conternanate in their 
 approaches near this town, and unite here. A road issues to 
 the right, passing by Polcmont Hill, and runs to Ballyburris, 
 from this a road branches to Mountgarrct-ferry, distant two 
 miles from Nev^-Ross. Two roads issue to the left from New- 
 Ross, one running close by the river on the AVextord side, leads 
 to Ballinlaw-ferry, the next, passing by Corbit Hill, runs to- 
 wards Tentrim. 
 
 Parishes in iJie BarotiiJ of Shilmaliere, 
 
 Arcandrisk, 
 
 Atramont, 
 
 Carrick, 
 
 Coolstuffe, 
 
 Hoaretown, 
 
 Kilgaroen, 
 
 Taghmon, 
 
 Bally heague, 
 
 Ballynetty, 
 
 Chapelcarron, 
 
 Inch, 
 
 Kilbride, 
 
 Killurin, 
 
 Tikillen, 
 
 Ardcavan, 
 
 Ardcolm, 
 
 Ballyingly, 
 
 Baliylennan, 
 
 <'longeen, 
 
 JSM Patrick, 
 
 Saint Margaret. 
 
 * Tt is a singular circumstmce, -that l^ord Mountjoy when si coiumouer, an^ 
 representative for the County of Dublin, wns the first mover for relaxing of the ?>enal 
 code against Catholics, which motion was seconded by John O'Neil, tnen represen- 
 tative for the County of Antrim, aftcr^vards Lord O'Neil. aud that thesi- cwo 
 noblemen were the only considerable loyal personages who fell in this rebellion ; for 
 particulars of Lord ()' Neil's masacre — sec Musgravcs Naruiive AHidc Aatrim. — 
 Popish policy or superstitior., v. ould attribute such a coincidence of similar disasters 
 to the inter\-ention of supernatural agency, had these exalted and illusi. ious perso- 
 neges been as actixnve to oppose, as they were zealous to support their preicnsioTis. 
 See the speeches of the demagogue on the untimely deatb of Mr. Perceval 
 
KilW TriAVLLLElt's GLIDE 
 
 TdgJnnoji, — Situated on the direct road comniunicating be- 
 tween Wextbrd-town and New-Koss, is distant seven miles from 
 Wexlbrd, and eighty-two miles from the Castle of Dublin by 
 iheEnniscorthy roard. All the intervening cross roads, to the 
 right communicate with the direct road passing between Ennis- 
 corthy and New-Ross; and those to the left, communicate with 
 the direct road passing from Enniscorthy to Wexford, on the 
 right bank of the Slaney. This village was a borough previ- 
 ous to the Union, returning two members to the Irish Parlia- 
 ment ; the direct road from Taghmon runs to the village o fBally- 
 nitty, and a cross road to the left runs by Harpurstovvn towllay- 
 Scarr- Cross. 
 
 Enniscorthj, 
 Taghmon, 
 
 V2l 
 
 Miles. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Forth, 
 
 Maglass, 
 
 Ballimorc, 
 
 Ballybrenan, 
 
 Carne, 
 
 Drinaugh, 
 
 Kildavin, 
 
 Killinick. 
 
 Kilscoran, 
 Rathapsic, 
 Rqsslare, 
 Tacum shin, 
 Rathraacnee, 
 St. Helen, 
 St. Iberius, 
 
 Ishmartmon, 
 Killian, 
 Kilmacree, 
 Lady's Island, 
 St. Margaret, 
 St. Michael, 
 
 Wexford, — A sea port, borough, assizes and market town, sit- 
 uated on a bay of the Irish Channpl, at the mouth of the river 
 Slaney, is governed by a Mayor, Recorder and BaiUfFs ; it gives 
 title to the noble family of Talbot, and returns one member to 
 the Imperial Parliament. It was originally built by trie Danes, 
 who named it Wessford, and it was formerly considered a place 
 of strength, being inclosed by very thick walls, some of which 
 are still remaining ; there are some handsome buildings ; on the 
 scite of the old castle the barracks are erected, commanding an 
 extensive view of the harbour ; the church situated in the main 
 street, is an elegant modern striicture; the market and court hou- 
 ses are likewise tasteful new edifices ; but the chief ornament 
 of Wexford is its wooden bridge thrown over an arm of the sea 
 two thousand one hundred feet long, where insurmountable diffi- 
 culties baffled all the efforts of art to form a stone bridge : this 
 
 a Hivourite promonade, and is as delightfully calculated for a 
 
FOR IRELAND, 
 
 85 
 
 pleasant recreation, as it constitutes an useful communication ; 
 the Harbour, though spacious, is shallow, and formed by two 
 necks of land, between which there is an entrance about half a mile 
 broad, which was formerly defended by two forts erected at the 
 extremity of each isthmus, called fort Margaret and fort Ross- 
 lare ; the mouth of the harbour is choaked with a bar and there- 
 fore no vessel, drawing more than twelve feet watei , can pass to the 
 town. The English invaders wrested this tov. n from the Danes 
 after a siege of four days, on the fourth of May 1170. This town 
 was likewise besieged by Cromwell, on the first of October 1649, 
 and having been betrayed by Captain James Stafford Comman- 
 dant of the Castle, it was stormed, when Sir Edward Butler, the 
 governor, with two thousand soldiers, were put to the sword. It 
 IS irregularly built, and the streets are narrow. There were four 
 religious houses established here previous to the Reformation: the 
 trade of Wexford is inconsiderable in consequence of local ob- 
 stacles ; its chief traffic consists iii exporting malt, l)arley, beer, 
 beef, hides, butter and tallow. The town and its suburbs contain 
 seven Parishes; those in the suburbs are St. John's, St. Michael's 
 and St. Peters: it was evacuated by the King's forces on the thir- 
 tieth of May 1 798 in consequence of tlie defeat of some detach- 
 ments sent to reinforce the feeble garrison in the defiles of the ad- 
 jacent mountains which were well known to the rebel leaders, an 
 event that threw the loyal inhabitants into the deepest despon- 
 dency and the utmost consternation, from the too well founded ap- 
 prehensions of their subsequent miseries. They were tortured 
 with every cruelty, that the savage barbarity of an inebriated and 
 vmgovernable rabble could inflict, over whose actions their no- 
 minal commanders retained little or no control, whenever their 
 mandates militated against their deep rooted prejudices and bi- 
 goted animosity : — an awful warning to demagogues, whose va- 
 nity aspires to inculcate revolutionary maxims of equality, from 
 the base and selfish motives of acquiring personal aggrandize- 
 ment in the turbulence and tempest of insurrection. To detail 
 all the horrid scenes which occured, and to recoutit all the massa- 
 cres committed during the short interval that this ill fated town 
 remained in the possession of these ferocious barbarians, utterly 
 unworthy to be denominated Christians, is abhorent to human 
 feehngs ; suffice it summarily to state, tliatthis fanatical rabble 
 resolved on the 20th day of June, to make a general slaughter 
 of all the Protestant prisoners then confined in the goal of Wex- 
 ford, which diabolical resolution was actually put in execution 
 on the bridge, where ninety-seven uneflending victims vvercy sa-^ 
 crificed to the unrelenting animosity of religious fury : the mode 
 
■86 
 
 HEW TRA'VtELXr.R'S GUIDE 
 
 of execution, «is recorded in Musgrav-c's narrative of tbese atro- 
 cious cruelties, was to drag the devoted victims from the Goal, 
 in lots consisting of from ten to twenty individuair, together, pre- 
 ceded by a black flag, and strongly guarded to the place of ex- 
 ccution, where two rebels selected for this shocking <luty, imm€- 
 <iiately thrust two pikes into the victim's breast, while two others 
 perforated him ni the back, and v/ith their united force, suspen- 
 ded him thus transpierced, writliiiigin nil the agonies of torture, 
 until death terminated his suiFerings, when immediately tlie bo- 
 dy was precipitated into the water. That such unrelenting animo- 
 sity should thus steel the illiterate peasant's lieart, not othcr- 
 'ivise devoid of generosity, and Immanity against his fellow 
 creature, merely for a dift'crence in the mode of religious wor- 
 ship, must be solely attributed to the dangerous doctrine of 
 exclusive salvation usurped by the Church of Rome, whicJi 
 arrogates, the monstrous prerogative of being the only organ of 
 dispensing salvation to such Christians as remain within the pale 
 of its communion. Such delusions may inerease the influence^ 
 and exexalt the s})iritual dominion of the priest-hood, but must 
 extinguish every spark of mutual benevolence, tenderness, and 
 kindness, in the breasts of their ignorant votaries. Such fatal 
 antipathies can only be radically e^^tirpated by establishing 
 Protestant Parochial-schools, calculated to enlighten the under- 
 standing of the rising generation ; then the dispersion of Bibles 
 and Testaments (it is most devoutly to be hoped,) will create a 
 charitable revolution in the disposition of the populace, and our 
 national character will no longer become stained with these 
 tragical excesses periodically commited when the torch of reli- 
 gious fury and civil discord is kindled to inflame the passions of 
 a turbulent, and ungovernable mob; nor sensibility be wound- 
 ed by acrimonious recriminations sarcastically uttered in the 
 reviling expressions and opprobrious exclamations of heretic and 
 papist but all denominations of Christians, thus regenerated 
 by the true spirit of the Gospei dispensation will cherish univer- 
 sal charity, benevolence; and concord. Such an experiment halii 
 been successftilly made on the Scottish peasantry and their pi e- 
 sent peaceful demeanor, and steadfast loyalty have fully repaid 
 the pains taken to civilize and reclaim them. 
 
 From Wexford to the left issues a road which passing by the 
 Barrack, and running along the sea coast, enters the village of 
 Killine, where it branches into two sections, that to the left lea- 
 ding to Kilscoran and terminating at Gronore point ; thatto 
 4iie right leading Broadway, from whence a cross road runs to 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 the right, and that to the left terminates at Carnsore point. Be- 
 tween Broadway and the sea there is a salt lake to the right; on 
 the road leading from Wexford to Clonmines, at the three mile 
 stone, there is a cross road to the left comnunieating with Broad- 
 way, and a little beyond the three mile stone stands a church 
 on the extensive demesne of Johnstown to the left. At the five 
 mile stone there are the ruins of a church to the right, and 
 between the six and seven mile stone, a cross road to the righs 
 leads to Taghmon. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Bargie. 
 
 AmbrosetowHy 
 
 Ballycormack, 
 
 Killag, 
 
 Kilcavan, 
 
 Kilmanan, 
 
 Mulrankin, 
 
 Tornhaggard, 
 
 BallynaguUick, 
 
 Bannow, 
 
 Duncormack,. 
 Kill more, 
 Killowen, 
 Kilturk. 
 
 Miles. 
 — I 66| 
 10 I 76^ 
 4 j 80| 
 
 Frovi Wexford hy Banno, 
 
 Wexford 
 Duncormack 
 Ban no 
 
 ROADS. 
 
 At the seven mile-stone is situated Balwinstown village, from 
 whence runs a cross-road to the left, leading to Bridgetov/n ; at 
 the eighth mile-stone, is a cross road to the left, and the ruins of 
 an old castle ; between the eight and ninth mile-stone, a cross 
 road runs to the left, and a little farther on, another to the right ; 
 at the tenth mile-stone, a cross road to the right, leads to Tagh- 
 mon; a church, and the ruins of an old castle stand to the 
 left, whence the direct road runs to Banno, from the village of 
 Duncormack situated here. 
 
 Bawio^ — Distant fourteen miles from the town of Wexford^ 
 is situated at the entrance of Banno Bay, it was a borough towii^ 
 previous to the Union, and returned two members to the Irisk 
 Parliament. Strongbow landed near this town, Ballyleigh Bay 
 is formed by this head-land, and the Saltee islands, which con- 
 sist of high, rocky land, covered with grass ; the larger island 
 is about a mile in length, and hall' a mile in breadth ; the lesser 
 
^3 
 
 NHW TRAVELLEll'S GUIDE 
 
 is about luilf a mile in circumferoncc. A chain of rocks runs 
 between the Saltccs find the main-land, called Saint Patrick's 
 Steppin^i^ Stones. The Coningmore, Conin^beg, and 13randr> 
 rocks are situated near the larger Saltee, and the Black and 
 Barrel rocks lie a little to the left of the lesser Saltee. 
 
 On the road running from Duncormack to Clonmines, be- 
 tween the eleven and twelve mile-stones, are the ruins of an old 
 castle to the left ; at the twelve mile-stone is a cross road, and the 
 ruins of Kilcaven church arc to the right. Between the thirteen 
 and fourteen mile stone, the road leading from Taghmon 
 through Ballyneety terminates, and a cross road to the lel't 
 leads to Banno ; and at the distance of fourteen miles froin 
 Wexford, stands the town of Clonmines, which, previous to 
 the Ijnion, returned two members to the Irish Parliament. — 
 Here the Banno river, augmented by many tributary streams, 
 empties itself into Banno Bay ; the Scare is fordable at low 
 water, but at middle, or high water, it must be crossed in 
 boats. It is asserted, that, during the period the Danes, or 
 Ostmen, held possession of these coasts, a mint was erected, 
 and silver coins to a very considerable amount were stamped, 
 in consequence of the abundance of silver ore discovered in 
 the adjacent mines. — A mine was formerly wrought at Barras- 
 town, contiguous to the banks of the Banno. 
 
 Parishes in the Baromj of Shelburne. 
 
 Fethard, 
 Kilmacea, 
 Whitechurch, 
 Hooke, 
 
 Kilrane, 
 Templetown, 
 Ballybrazel, 
 Clonmines, 
 
 Dunbi'ody, 
 Ovenduife, 
 Tin tern, 
 
 To Tintern, by Gorey. 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Wexford by Gorey ... I 66^ 
 
 Tintern 17^ | 85 
 
 On the south side of the Scare-ferry, at the distance of fifteea 
 miles from the town of Wexford, are the ruins of five old 
 castles, and a little distance beyond the seventeen mile-stone, 
 is situated Tintern village, contiguous to which, is the ancient 
 Tesidence of the Colclough family. Near this place, an abbey 
 was founded in the year 1200 by William Marescal, Earl of 
 Pembroke, in consequence of a vow made, when in danger of 
 being shipwrecked. 
 
Ton IRELAND. 
 
 Tintern, — This viilage is distant eighty-five miles from the 
 Castle of Dublin. There is also a direct communication between 
 Tintern and New-Ross, by a road running by Corbet- Hill : 
 a road runs direct from Tintern, across the peninsula, to Bally- 
 hack-Ferrj^ 
 
 Balhjhack — Is distant nineteen miles from the town of Wex- 
 ford, and ninety-one from Dublin Castle. This road leading 
 to Ballyhack, is intersected at right angles, by a road running 
 on the Wexford side of the river Barrow, and here diverging 
 into two sections ; that to the left leading to Feathard, which, 
 previous to the Union, returned two members to the Irish 
 Parliament, and where still exist the ruins of three old castles ; 
 that to the right leads to Duncannon-fort, commanding the 
 harbour of Waterford, distant ninety-two miles from the Castle 
 of Dublin. This fort gives the title of Viscount to the noble 
 family of Ponsonby. The road running from Ballinlaw-ferry 
 terminates here ; the roads issuing from Duncannon-fort, and 
 from Tintern abbey, to the left, the latter passing by Feathard, 
 unite in their progress, before they reach the light house, 
 erected at the extremity of Hook-Head. 
 
 To BallyhacJc, by Wexford* ^ 
 
 Mites. 
 
 Wexford by Enniscorthy . . — | 72 v 
 Ballyhack . . • . 19 | 91 : 
 
 Wexford by Broadferry * . , — | 66| 
 Ballyhack . • . . 19 | 85^ 
 
 As the inhabitants of the Baronies of Forth and Bargie 
 still retain some national peculiarities, which distinguish them 
 from the other promiscuous, and aboriginal inhabitants of this 
 island ; the two cantreds which now constitute these Baronies, 
 were granted to Harvey de Mount Morres, after the surrender 
 of Wexford, who colonized his Irish patrimony with a numer- 
 ous assemblage of his country-men, collected from the opposite 
 coasts, who still remain an unmixed race ; they, like the Jew?, 
 intermarry with each other, and permit not an alien to con- 
 taminate their blood, and are remarkable for their industry, 
 their neatness, and the peculiarity of their dialect ; which, 
 according to General Vallency's authority, is Saxon mingled 
 with EngUsh, exhibiting no trace of Irish intermixture. — 
 
 N 
 
so KEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 Respecting the variety of soil, which this county exhibitSj it 
 is only necessary summarily to observe, that the maritime dis- 
 tricts constitute the best, and most fertile portions, chiefly 
 resulting from local advantages, namely, the facility of procur- 
 ing limr, or lime stones, by an unexpensive water conveyance, 
 the abundance of marl that can be procured on almost every 
 townland, the quantities of sea-weed, and marine shells, that 
 can be easily collected along its winding indented shore ; but 
 the western or inland districts are destitute of similar advanta- 
 ges, and therefore, must supply the defect by procuring lime at 
 an enormous expence, from the adjacent counties of Carlow 
 and Kilkenny. The soil near the mountains is coarse, stoney, 
 and gravelly, but it becomes more loamy, as it approaches to 
 the sea. In the internal districts, among the single hills, con- 
 siderable tracts of peaty soil are formed, from the deposition of 
 vegetable matter arrested in its progress towards the sea. The 
 soil in the Barony of Shclburne chiefly consists of a cold, barren, 
 stiff' clay, and is deemed the vrorst land in the county. A small 
 vein of copper ore has been discovered at Kilrogue, near Wex- 
 ford, and some lead ore has been found in the parish of Killan, 
 near Enniscorthy ; there is no lime-stone to be found in any 
 part of this county, its rocks are chiefly composed of granite. 
 The schissou and argelite abounds in the western districts, alter- 
 nating with extended masses of siliceous pudding stone, some 
 of which are sufficiently compact to be formed into mill-stones, 
 particularly at Ballyhack, and that district called the Hook. 
 The coast abounds v/ith fi;ih, but for want of proper harbours 
 to shelter, and to protect the craft, this exhaustless source of 
 national wealth cannot be pursued Vv'ith that enterprising indus- 
 try and perseverance, vvhich its importance demands. The 
 best fishing ground is about the saltees, already noticed. From 
 Wicklow to Waterford there is not a single harbour to shelter 
 a ship from the violence of the storms. Sec Frazer's Slatistical 
 SinTCTj of the Comities of WicHoiv arid Wexford. 
 
Table of Fairs lield in tJie County of Wexford every month in tfie 
 ; year. 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Gorey, . . . 
 Kilmuckridge, . 
 Taghmon, . . 
 Adams-town, . 
 New-town-Barry, 
 Oulart, . . . 
 Feathard, . 
 
 Taglimon, 
 Camolen, 
 Feathard, . 
 Enniscorthy, 
 Moneyhore, 
 
 Curragrague, 
 Coolgreney, 
 New-town-Barry, 
 Adams-town, 
 Taghmon • . 
 Oulart, . . . 
 Johns-town, 
 Gorey, . . . 
 Ballycarney, 
 Moneyseed, . . 
 Wexford, . 
 Rams-grange, . 
 Harrow, . . . 
 Tintrin, . . . 
 Black-water, . . 
 Ballyhack, . . 
 Moneyhore, . 
 Ferns, , . . 
 
 Camolen, 
 Limerick, . 
 Castlc-bridgc, 
 ICilmeashal, , 
 
 Dates. 
 
 Jan, 
 
 I 
 1 
 
 2 
 3 
 4 
 6 
 30 
 
 Feb. 
 
 1 
 
 9 
 11 
 
 21 
 
 24< 
 
 Mar 
 
 2 
 3 
 13 
 16 
 17 
 17 
 17 
 21 
 ^4 
 
 23 
 
 5 
 
 Jj^r, 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 11 
 13 
 
 Places where held, 
 
 Taghmon, 
 Killinick, . 
 Koss, . . . . 
 Kilmuckridge, . 
 Fook-mill, , , 
 Feathard, . . 
 Ballycanow, 
 Scarr, 
 
 Enniscorthy, 
 Buncloady, . . 
 New-town- Barry, 
 
 Dates. 
 
 Wexford, 
 Gorey, . . 
 Ross, 
 
 Moneyseed, 
 Adams- town, 
 Cross-town, 
 Ferns, . . 
 Tintrin, , . 
 Ballycarney, 
 Moneyhore, 
 Gorey, . . 
 Johns-town, 
 Rathsgorey, 
 Taghmon, , 
 Clonegal, 
 
 Gorey, . . 
 Limerick, 
 Ross, . • 
 Killinick, 
 Camolen, . 
 Coolgreney, 
 Cloghamoii, 
 Scarr, . 
 Castle bridge, 
 Buncloady, . 
 
92 
 
 NEW 
 
 traveller's guide 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 New- town- B ar r y, 
 Bally hack, . . 
 Broadway, . . 
 Mocorry, 
 Tagil ni on, . 
 Banogue, . 
 Birch Grove, 
 Nash. 
 
 Kilmuckridge, 
 Harrow, 
 Ballyhack, 
 Monamultina, . 
 Ferns, . . . 
 Wexford, . . 3 
 
 1 
 
 Gorey-well, 
 
 Enniscorthy, 
 Feathard, 
 Gorey, . . 
 Taghmon, . 
 Kilmeashal, 
 Moneyhore, 
 Ballyhack, 
 Ballycanow, 
 Tomhagard, 
 Johns-town, 
 
 Taghmon, . 
 Scan-, . . 
 
 Coolgreney, 
 Moneyseed, , 
 Camolen, . 
 Koss, . 
 Nash, . 
 Ladys-island, 
 Scarewalsh, . 
 Buncloady, . 
 New town- Barry 
 Killurane, . . 1 
 Limerick, . . 3 
 
 } 
 
 Dates 
 
 17 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 17 
 
 20 
 22 
 
 22 
 
 24 
 28 
 
 29 
 
 Jul/. 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 8 
 10 
 16 
 
 18 
 
 25 
 
 26 
 31 
 
 Aug. 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 5 
 
 9 
 10 
 15 
 15 
 16 
 
 20 
 21 
 
 Ballyhack, . 
 Wexford, . 
 Enniscorthy, 
 Gorey, . . 
 
 Ciirragrague, 
 Ferns, . . 
 Taghmon, 
 Kilmeashal, 
 Kilnener, 
 llamsgrange 
 Buncloady, 
 Buncloady, 
 Enniscorthy, 
 Ladys-island 
 Ballycanow, 
 Killinick, 
 Tintrin, . 
 Newtown-Barry, 
 Castlebridg 
 Camolen 
 Birchgrove, 
 Ballyhack, 
 Kilmuckridge, 
 Harrow, 
 
 t Ballycanow, 
 Moneyhore, 
 Tintrin, * 
 Ross, . . 
 Ross, . . 
 Enniscorthy, 
 Broadway, . 
 Ross, . . 
 Feathard, . 
 Taghmon, 
 Mocorry, . 
 Gorey, . . 
 Adamstown, 
 Ragorey, . 
 
I'0|l IRELAND. 
 
 p3 
 
 FlcLCCs whcTC hcldt 
 
 DateSt 
 
 Places whcTB hold. 
 
 Dutes% 
 
 FernSj . . • • 
 
 Zv 
 
 Ballycanovv, . * 
 
 
 
 
 Xvanisgrdiigc, • ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 J. 
 
 
 
 Fook's mill, 
 
 
 TT -^ 
 
 Harrow, . . ^ 
 
 
 To rrT*i nn fxin ^\ 
 
 X diTiiiiiuii, < • J 
 
 
 ^I^o rrli TYi /^Vl C 
 X ell* IIIIIUII, * t \ 
 
 1 
 
 i>i t; vv— lovvii" jjax I y, ( 
 
 4; 
 
 i,TX»Jiic y occi-i, • • 
 
 
 Bun'cloady, . * j 
 
 
 Moueyhore, , , • 
 
 o 
 
 IVlOCOiryj • • • • 
 
 o 
 
 T?nsis ") 
 
 8 
 
 7 
 
 
 xvaguicy, . • 
 
 o 
 
 vyui^'j 1 diir y , • • 
 
 
 Camolen, . . • . 
 
 
 Johns-town, 
 
 1 1 
 
 1 1 
 
 J^lllivlivlVj • • « 
 
 12 
 
 JL^cW-HJWil XJdIl V, • 
 
 1 4. 
 
 Enniscortliy, • . 
 
 15 
 
 Enniscorthy, • • 
 
 21 
 
 Nash, .... 
 
 20 
 
 Castlebridge, . . 
 
 26 
 
 Johns- town, 
 
 22 
 
 Ferns, . • • . 
 
 27 
 
 Buncloady, . . 1 
 
 SO 
 
 
 Killinick, . . S 
 
 
 
COUNTY OF KILKENNY. 
 
 TiiE County of Kilkenny is bounded by the Queen's Coun- 
 ty on the north-west; by the County of Carlow on the north; 
 by the County of Wexford on the east ; and by the County of 
 Tipperary on the south-west. Its greatest leofrth, from north 
 to south, is thirty-six Irish miles, and its greatest breadth from 
 east to west is nineteen Irish miles. It contains 318,249 Irish 
 plantation acres ; an.d is divided into nine Baronies besides the 
 liberties of the County and of the town of Kilkenny, and the 
 iiberties of the town of Callen. 
 
 Baronies in the County of Kilkenny, 
 
 Tassadinan, Knocktopher, Iverk, 
 Gowrey, Kells, Cronagh, 
 
 Sheliogher, Ida, Galnioy, 
 
 Its eclesiastical division contains one hundred and forty seven 
 parishes, almost every one of which has the ruins of its ancient 
 church still remaining. In ancient days, the whole of this county 
 constituted a portion of the kingdom of Ossory : it contains a 
 few boggy marshes, or stagnant waters ; ii is watered by three 
 navigable rivers, one of which, the Nore, runs through the cen- 
 tre of the county, and the rivers Sure and Barrow for a consi- 
 iierablc distance constitute the limits of its boundaries : there 
 are besides many considerable streams which irrigate this 
 county, and materially contribute to its beauty and convenience, 
 its substratum chiefly consists of lime-stone, or lime-stone gra- 
 vel, brittle schistus, or porous argelite ; retentive clay is only 
 to be found for a certain space in the northern district. As its 
 secondary hills are not of sufficient altitude to arrest the clouds 
 impelled by the southerly, and westerly winds, they are attract- 
 ed towards the lofty and primary ranges of rocks, that rise to 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 1^5 
 
 the north east : thus the counties of Dublin and of Wicklow 
 surpass the county of Kilkenny in humidity, a fact confirmed 
 by experience, and which might easily be proved by experi- 
 ment. 
 
 Parishes in the Barojiy of Tassadiiian, 
 
 Castlecomer, 
 Cooleraiihan, 
 
 iMayne, 
 Mothel, 
 
 Kilmedamoge, Rossconnel, 
 Kilmeilan, Donaghmore, 
 
 Kilmocar, 
 
 Kilmodccn, 
 
 Muckuliy, 
 
 Odogh, 
 
 Desert, 
 
 ROADS. 
 
 At the forty-second mile-stone the county of Kilkenny com- 
 mences on the Castlecomer road: at about half a mile from the 
 forty-second mile-stone, a cross road to the left leads towards 
 Leighlin bridge : the coal mines lie to the left of the Castleco- 
 mer road, a mineral for which this vicinage is so celebrated. At 
 the forty-five mile-stone stands Castlecomer, at the confluence 
 of the Dian with two less considerable streams ; it gives title of 
 Viscount to* the noble family of Wandesford. Two cross roads 
 run to the right communicating with Ballynakill and BalWra- 
 get. Kear this town stands the beautiful mansion of Lady Or-r 
 mond, surrounded by a charming demesne. On the night of 
 the 23d. of May 1798, the rebels attacked this town and the 
 barrack of Donane, situated at about three miles distance, who 
 were bravely repulsed by the united exertions of the military 
 yeomen, and loyal inhabitants. It was attacked again on the 
 24th day of June, by a powerful column of rebels, against whom 
 the feeble garrison and some yeomanry corps, maintained an 
 obstinate and unequal contest for a considerable time, whenj|;hey 
 were most seasonably, and critically relieved by the presence 
 of Sir Charles Asgill with preponderating reinforcements from 
 the city of Kilkenny, who immediately dispersed tin's sanguinaiy 
 rabble, of whom very great numbers were slaughtered in their 
 flight by the cavalry, but as tlie rigor of military discipline, or 
 other imperative motives rendered his immediate return to 
 Kilkenny indispensible, the deserted habitations of the loyalists 
 u ere sacked, and consumed, and also Lady Ormond's magni' 
 
9'S 
 
 NEW traveller's guide 
 
 ficerit mansion was involved in this exterminating desolation. 
 This edifice has been since rebuilt in a superior stile of ele- 
 gance. — See Musgrave's History of the atrocities committed in 
 tliis town and its vicinage Vol. 2, p. 8i<; and infra. On this 
 side of the forty seventh mile-stone the road forks into two 
 branches ; that to the left passing by a bridge at the junction 
 of the Dubghglass river, runs in a more direct line towards 
 Kilkenny; the right branch also crosses the river, at a little 
 distance on this side of the fifty-first mile-stone, and a little 
 beyond the fifty first mile-stone, it meets the road passing 
 through Ballyragget. At the fifty second mile-stone, to 
 the right, stand the ruins of Dunmore Castle, which for- 
 merly was one of the Duke of Ormond's country residences ; 
 near these ruins, in an open field, is a cave which extends more 
 than a quarter of a mile, as far as it hath been explored, for no 
 adventurer hath attempted to penetrate it farther, as the rum- 
 bling of a subterraneous current, reverberating through the aw- 
 ful silence of terrific gloominess, and pitchy darkness, gives a 
 solemn warning of approaching peril, and perhaps inevitable des- 
 truction. It is as remarkable for its petrefactions as for its vast 
 magnitude. At the distance of four miles to the right is situated 
 Ballyragget, distant forty-nine miles from the castle of Dublin : 
 the northren part of this barony consists of moory turf a few 
 inches deep, lying on a bed of stiff yellow or whitish clay, and 
 is perhaps the poorest soil in the county. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony Gowran, 
 
 Graignamanna, 
 
 Grange Silvia, 
 
 Powerstown, 
 
 Shankhill, 
 
 Ullard, 
 
 Jvilmacahil, 
 
 Ulackrath, 
 
 Collumnkill, 
 
 Gowran, 
 
 Killumey, 
 
 Killane, 
 
 Kilderry, 
 
 Kilfane, 
 
 TascofHn, 
 
 Thomastown, 
 
 Tullowherin, 
 
 Claragh, 
 
 Dungarvan, 
 
 Jei'point, 
 
 Innesteoge, 
 
 Kilkyran, 
 
 Rathcool, 
 
 Saint Martin, 
 
 ROADS. 
 
 At the forty-eight mile-stone commences Kilkenny County, 
 by ths Leighlin bridge road. At the forty-ni^.e mile-stone a cross 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 97 
 
 reatl runs to the right ; at the fifty niile-stone a cross road runs to 
 the right; a little farther on is another to the left, and a little on 
 this side of Gowran the road issuing from Gores Bridge unites 
 to the left. 
 
 Go'wran, — At the fifty-second mile-stone stands the town of 
 Gowran, situated on the banks of a pleasant stream, whiv h em« 
 pties itself mto the river Barrow : it is governed by a portrieve, 
 recorder, and town clerk : it has some liberties attached to its 
 jurisdiction : previous to the Union it returned two members to 
 the Irish Parliament. In the vicinity of this town is situated the 
 mansion of Lord Cliiden, and a suitable demesne. Three roads 
 issue from this town, that to the left leading to Waterford by 
 one section, and to Mount Juliet and Thoiiiastown by another ; 
 the centre road leads direct to Bennet's bridge, and that to 
 the right leads to Kilkenny City, from which road, at about 
 a mile's distance from the town, issues a cross road to the right ; 
 ®n the left of the town are tlie ruins of an old castle. 
 
 Gowran - -- -- -- - I 52 
 
 Kilkenny 5)57 
 
 Kilkemnj, — delightfully situated on the banks of the river 
 >Jore, exhibits as many natural beauties, and possesses as many 
 local advantages as anj^ other inland city m the united kingdom 
 can boast of, having a water communication with Waterford, 
 the sea, and all the commercial towns erected on the three great 
 navigable rivers, uniting their streams at Waterford Harbour. It 
 comprises two distinct corporations, each enjoying their respec- 
 tive municipal rights and immunities; and exercising legitimate 
 functions within the limits of the prescribed boundaries of their 
 chartered jurisdictions. Each corporation previous to the Union, 
 returned two members to the Irish parliament, but since that 
 period the aggregate mass of freemen and freeholders, only re- 
 turn one member to the United Parliament, the local incorporate 
 rights still remaining unaltered and undeminished. Its civil 
 government is vested in a mayor, recorder, aldermen and sherifis, 
 and its population is computed at about 20,000 inhabitants. 
 The venerable ruins of its churches, monasteries and abbeys still 
 exist. The remains of its gates, towers, walls and bastions, 
 prove it to have been a place of great strength, and tlie obsti - 
 nate resistance made by a feeble garrison, reduced by the casu- 
 alities of war to three hundred men, commanded by Sir Weaker 
 Butler against Cromwell, who besieged it on the 2 8th day of 
 
HEW TRAVELLER'S t^Uli>B 
 
 March 1650, confirms the observation ; for this segacious war- 
 rior was repulsed in two assaults, and on its surrender, granted 
 honorable terms of capitulation, contrary to his usual sanguinary 
 policy in similar circumstances ; and he acknowledged that he 
 lost more men in storming Kilkenny, than in taking the town 
 of Drogheda. The castle, built on the scite of one destroyed 
 by the Irish in the year 1 1 75, was admirably well calculated 
 for defence from the natural strength of the position selected for 
 its erection, at the extreme verge of a lofty hill faced with a 
 solid wall of masonry forty feet high, at whose base the riv6r 
 Nore rapidly rolls its torrent. 
 
 To Terrybanh^ by Gowran, 
 
 Gdwran 
 Thomastown 
 Jerpoint 
 Mullinavat 
 Ferry bank 
 
 (Miles) 
 
 
 52 
 
 6 
 
 58 
 
 2 
 
 60 
 
 8 
 
 68 
 
 6 
 
 7* 
 
 The remaining portion was protected by walls, bastions, 
 towers, and outworks, and the castle stood in the centre of the 
 platform. The building, in its present form, was constructed 
 by the progenitors of the present noble possessor ; the entrance 
 is from the parade, and leads to the back of the house ; the 
 front facing the river. In the court yard, are the foundations 
 of some buildings, and opposite the door, there is a clock, 
 fixed in an old tower. The most conspicuous architectural 
 ornament that decorates this city, is the Cathedral, built in the 
 Gothic stile, in the form of a cross ; its length in the clear, 
 from east to west, is 226 feet, and the breadth of the cross, 
 from north to south, 123 ; it was repaired by Bishop Pococke, 
 The Episcopal Palace is a neat commodious edifice, and com- 
 municates with the Cathedral by a covered passage. Contiguous 
 to the Church stands a round Tower, of considerable elevation, 
 which still continues in a state of perfect preservation. There 
 is a Library founded and endowed by Bishop Williams, and an 
 Alms house in a tottering condition. For the variety of inscrip- 
 tions, epitaphs, monuments, and other frail memorials, dedicated 
 to perpetuate the memory of real or imputed worth, See Led* 
 avidge^s Learned Antiquities* The charitable institutions owe 
 their existence to small bequests, too trifling, substantially t« 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 99 
 
 relieve the pressing wants of indigence ; the patrimony destined 
 to support some particular charities, appears to have been 
 ahenated, and others have been ruined by the devouring gripe 
 of individual rapacity. 
 
 To Kilkenny^ by Castlecomer* 
 
 (MUes.) 
 
 Castlecomer . • . \ ^2, 
 
 Kilkenny . • . . ^2 I 
 
 The School of Kilkenny^ — Afterwards converted into a College 
 by King James the Second, was originally founded and endowed 
 by the noble family of Ormon J ; the right of electing a master 
 is now vested in the Provost, Fellows, and Scholars of Trinity 
 College, which last description of trustees are never consulted 
 about the matter — See Ledwidge's learned Antiquities respecting 
 the Statutes of this magnificent establishment. The house is an 
 elegant and spacious modern edifice. The public buildings are 
 well designed, judiciously arranged, and materially contribute 
 <b beautify this city. Over the Noretwo bridges are constructed. 
 The City and its Liberties contain five Parishes, viz. 
 
 St. John's, St. Patrick's, 
 
 St. Mary's, St. MauFs 
 
 St. Canice, 
 
 The woollen manufactory originally introduced by Pierce 
 Earl of Ormond, and his wife Margaret, who brought artists 
 from Flanders for this patriotic purpose, is extensively carried 
 on, and considerable quantities of blankets of superior quality, 
 with other woollen cloths of various descriptions, are prepared 
 under the inspection of skilful mechanics ; there are also many 
 ftarch manufactories. Inthevicinitythereisamarblequarry, where 
 beautiful chimney-pieces are cut and polished by aquatic machi- 
 nery, invented by a Mr. Collis, a native of Kilkenny. Parlia- 
 ments were frequently held here from the twelfth, to the middle 
 of the fifteenth century. By a singular clause of an act passed 
 in the reign of Edward the Second, it is ordained under the 
 penalty of forfeiture of both lands and chattels, and corporeal 
 imprisonment, that all Englishmen residing in Ireland, should 
 conform both in garb, and cut of the hair, to the fashion of their 
 countrymen in England — See the learned Ledwidge's re/lections 
 on this extraordinary laissy and the necessity of its enactment. 
 
100 
 
 KEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 To Kilmagany, hy Go'wran, 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Gowran . . . . — 52 
 Benriet's-Bridge . . . 5 57 
 Kilmaganny . , . . 10 67 
 
 The Black Ahhey — Was foundetl in Irishtown, by William 
 Earl Marshal the younger, about the 1225. The scite of thi* 
 Monastery was granted at the Reformation to the city, and 
 part of the building converted into a Shire-House ; the various 
 mouldings, which adorn the windows and arches of these ruins, 
 are a beautiful specimen of Gothic architecture. A calybeate 
 mineral was discovered in the College meadow, on the bank of 
 the Nore, which was sufForated by a violent flood, and never 
 since re-opened. This County altogether seems to be as pro- 
 lific in minerals, as it is saturated with mines. 
 
 To Terry-hank^ 
 
 Gowran 
 Thorn astown 
 Jerpoint 
 MuUinavat 
 Ferry-Bank 
 
 hy Gowran, 
 
 (Miles,) 
 . — j 52 
 6 I 58 
 . . 2 I GO 
 8 I 68 
 . 6i I 74i: 
 
 Thomastom^ — Distant about eight miles from Kilkenny, is 
 pleasantly situated on the river Nore, over which a beautiful 
 stone bridge is constructed : it was a borough previous to the 
 Union. The road to the right, leads to Knocktopher by Jer- 
 point, remarkable for the ruins of an ancient abbey. Here all 
 the roads running from Gowran to Gore's-Bridge conterminate. 
 Between Thomastown and Inistioge, the river Argula falls int« 
 the Nore, by the village of BallydufF, and on the left are the 
 ruins of an old castle. 
 
 To Inistioge hy Gore^s-Bridge, 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Gore's-Bridge . . , — I 51$ 
 Inistioge . , . . llf | 63 
 
 Inistioge^ — Distant sixty-three miles from the Castle of Dub- 
 lin,*is situated on the Nore ; it was a borough previous t« the 
 
rOR IRELAND. 
 
 101 
 
 Union. At this town is the last stone bridge on the Nore ; 
 here all the intermediate roads, situated on the left of the river, 
 unite and concentre. A. road runs along the left bank of the 
 Nore to Mountgarret-ferry, and the road running on the right 
 bank, leads to New- Ross already noticed; from this town the 
 track of a new road points out the advantage of such a com- 
 munication, which would make the distance to Waterford only 
 thirteen miles from Inistioge. Lime stone, and lime stone gravel 
 are the prevailing soils in this Barony. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Sheliogher, 
 
 Aghnamult, 
 Earlstown, 
 Inchiholahon, 
 Kilaloe, 
 
 Outragh, 
 
 Tullaghmain, 
 
 Burnechurch, 
 
 Dunfert, 
 
 Stamcarthy, 
 
 Kilfera. 
 
 To Bennet^S'bridgey by Gowran. 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Gowran . . . . — j 52 
 Bennet's-bridge . . 5 | 57 
 
 Be7inet^s Bridge. — At the four mile-stone, on the road leading 
 between Kilkenny and Knocktopher, the road running between 
 Bennet's Bridge and Callen crosses nearly at right angles. 
 Bennet's-Bridge is distant fifty-seven miles from the Castle of 
 Dublin. A little beyond the four mile-stone is a church to the 
 left, and a httle beyond the six mile-stone arc the ruins of 
 Ennisnag Castle, where the road passes the King's-river by a 
 stone bridge. At the three mile-stone, on the road which 
 passes between Kilkenny and Kells, is a cross road to the left, 
 and at the four mile-stone the ^reat road runniufv to Callen 
 crosses it in a diagonal direction ; and at the five mile-stone, 
 is a cross road to the right. On the great road passing between 
 Kilkenny and Callen, a little beyond the fifty- nine mile-stone, a 
 cross road passes right and left ; at the sixty-first mile-stone 
 two diagonal cross roads run to the right; a cross road and the 
 ruins of Ballybeer Castle, stand on the left. On this side of the 
 sixty-third mile- stone, it is intersected by a road ruiming right 
 and left, and a little farther on to the right lies Desart the 
 magnificent mansion and extensive demesne of Lord Desa. t. — 
 All the substratum of this Barony consists of lime stone, and 
 lime stone gravel. 
 
102 
 
 NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Knocktopher, 
 
 Agaviller, 
 Kilmeady, 
 Knocktopher, 
 Demkernery, 
 
 Jerpoint Monastery, Kilkevil, 
 
 Killatry, MuckuUy, 
 
 Kilbeacon, Dunmore, 
 Kilcasy, 
 
 Knocktopher^ — Distant sixty-three miles from the Castle of 
 Dublin, and ten from Kilkenny, is pleasantly situated on the 
 banks of a rivulet, which rolls its tributary stream, to swell 
 the watery bosom of tho majestic Nore. This town was a borough 
 previous to the Union, returning two members to the Irish 
 Parliament. A road running to the left by Mount Juliet, the 
 princely residence of Lord Carrick, and Jerpoint celebrated for 
 the magnificent ruins of a venerable old Abbey, terminates at 
 this town by the church. A road to the right, leading to 
 Newmarket and Kilmagany villages, runs on towards Carrick. 
 On the direct road leading to Ferry- Bank, at the thirteen mile- 
 stone from Kilkenny City, are the ruins of Castle Bangan to the 
 left, and at the fifteen mile-stone from Kilkenny, and the sixty- 
 sixth mile-stone from the Castle of Dublin, a cross road runs 
 to the left, and the ruins of an old Castle stand on the right. 
 
 Mullinavat, — At the seventy- eight mile-stone, stands the 
 village of MuUinavat, and a cross road to the right leads to 
 New Market. The substratum of this Barony, chiefly consists 
 of siliceous breccia, red argelite, and slaty argelite; it is 
 thickly interspersed with lofty hills, not sufficiently magnificent 
 to be denominated mountains. For the particulars of their soil. 
 See Tighe's Statistical Survey of this County, 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Ida, three sides of isohich are encom- 
 passed by the rivers Nore, Sure, and Barrow, 
 
 Clonamexy, Desertmore, Kilmanevoga, 
 
 Gallkill, Dunkeld, Rathpatrick, 
 
 Listerling, Kilbridge, Rosberkon, 
 
 Rower, Kilcolm, Shambough. 
 
 Ballygun, Kilcullehean, 
 
 To Graignamanah, by Gores Bridge, 
 
 Gores Bridge | 52 
 
 To Graignamansih ^ 1 
 
POR IRELAND. 
 
 103 
 
 The road running from Gores Bridge, by Graignamanah on 
 the right bank of the river Barrow, conterminates at Mountgr- 
 ret Ferry in this Barony with the road running from Inistioge, 
 on the left of the Nore to the same point, on the road passing 
 between Inistioge and New Ross. On the right of the Nore, are 
 the ruins of an old castle to the left, at the six mile stone from 
 Kilkenny, and at the eight mile stone a cross road runs to the 
 right; a little beyond the ten mile stone, this road terminates 
 at the Wooden- Bridge, communicating with Trom Rosberkon. 
 On the Kilkenny bank of the river Barrow, a road runs direct to 
 Ferry-bank, from which it is distant ten miles. The substratum of 
 this Barony is partly composed of granite, some parts of silici- 
 eous, schistus, and a small portion of lime stone and lime stone 
 gravel, and some districts consist of slaty argelite ; it is much en- 
 cumbered with hills, which give it a mountainous aspect. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of IverJc. 
 
 Buely, Tipperaghny, Fortnescully, 
 
 Clonmore, Tubbrid, Ulled, 
 
 Fiddown, White-Church, Bathkyran, 
 
 Kilmacow Poleran, 
 
 At the seventy mile stone is a cross road to the right on the 
 MuUinavat road and the ruins of Dongan Castle ; and about 
 half a mile beyond the seventy first mile stone stands the village 
 Kilmacow on the banks of a river which empties itself into the 
 Suir; from this village a cross road runs to the right leading to 
 Carrick ; the centre road leads direct to Crany-ferry, running 
 along the right bank of the river ; and on this side of the seven- 
 ty third mile stone, on the road leading to Ferry-bank, a cross 
 road on the left, leads to New Ross, and another on the right 
 slopes to Kilmacow; and a little on this side of Ferry-bank the 
 road from Bally raban unites on the left. 
 
 Ferry Bank, — At the seventy-four mile stone is Ferry Bank. 
 From Crany Ferry a road runs along the right bank of the ri- 
 ver Suir to Carrick from which two cross roads to the right 
 communicate with the road leading to Broad Ferry, and at the 
 ten mile stone, from Broad Ferry, is situated Piltown village ; 
 here two cross roads run to the right, and on the left are the ru- 
 ins of Tibrockny Castle, and at the twelve mile stone, the river 
 Lingan bounds the County. The portion of this Barony, whick 
 
NEW traveller's (JUIDE 
 
 strctclics along the river Suir is flat and fertile ; its substratum 
 is lime stone and lime stone gravel, the interior is very hilly, atid 
 its substratum mostly siliceous red argelite and slaty argelite. 
 
 To Ifiilmaganny^ by BenneCs Bridge. 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Gowran 
 
 Ben net's Bridge ....... 5 
 
 Kells 7 
 
 Kihiiciganny ' . 3 
 
 52 
 57 
 
 67 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Kells, i?icluding Callen Liberties. 
 
 Ballaghtob n, Kells, 
 Cnllen, Kilmaganny, 
 Coolaghmore, 
 
 KelJa. — distant sixty four miles from the Castle of Dublin, and 
 seven miles from the city of Kilkenny, is pleasantly situated on 
 the banks of the King's-river, which adds its tributary stream to 
 enrich the stately current of the river Nore; here the road forks 
 into two branches, that to the right leading to Callen, and the 
 other on the left running towards Carrick; fromthissegment a diag- 
 onal cross road runs to the right at the nine mile stone leading 
 to Kilmaganny distant, twelve miles from the city of Kilkenny. 
 Cardinal Paparo held a synod at the town of Kelis, in the year 
 1152. 
 
 To Callen by Bennefs Bridge, 
 
 Bennet's Bridge — | 57 
 
 Callen 8| j 65| 
 
 Callen, — Distant sixty-five miles and a half from the Castle of 
 Dublin, is situated on the banks of the King's- river ; it was for- 
 merly a place of some consequence, but never since emerged from 
 the ruined state to which Cromwell reduced it. Here are the 
 mins of three old castles, and an old Gothic church. The 
 ruins of Eve castle lie within a mile of this town, the li-!- 
 berties of which are extensive. It was a borough previ- 
 ous to the Union, returning two members to the Irish 
 Parliament. From this town three roads issue, that to the left 
 
fOR IRELAND. 
 
 105 
 
 leading to Carrick, the centre road to Clonmel, and the road to 
 the right runs to the city of Cashel. The substratum of a large 
 portion of this Barony is lime stone and lime stone gravel ; the 
 remaining districts consist of siliceous, schistus, and slaty argel* 
 lite. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Cranagli, 
 
 Aghour, 
 Bally calien, 
 Clashacrow, 
 Cloghmantagh, 
 
 Kilmantagh, 
 Kilrush, 
 Tullowroan, 
 Ballinamore, 
 
 Ballyloscan, 
 
 Clontubrid, 
 
 Tubberbritain, 
 
 On the road leading from Kilkenny to Freshford, between 
 the second and third mile-stone, are the ruins of an old Castle 
 to the left, and at the four mile-stone, a cross road to the right, 
 leads to Callen, and to the ruins of two old castles to the left. 
 At the five mile-stone, a cross road runs to the right. 
 
 Freshford, — At the seven mile-stone stands the village of 
 Freshford, distant sixty-four miles from the Castle of Dublin. 
 Here the road from Ballyragget unites on the right and a cross 
 road runs to the left ; at the ten mile-stone the road forks into two 
 llranches, that to the left, leading to Johnstown and Urlingford. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Galmoy, 
 
 Agharney, Fartagh, Cooleashin, 
 
 Eirke, Glisshare, Durrow. 
 
 Ennisnag, Urlingford, 
 
 To Kilkenny^ by Durrow, 
 
 (Miles ) 
 
 Durrow . . . — 52 
 
 Ballyragget ... 4- 5G . 
 
 Kilkenny . . . 10 G6 
 
 Durrow, — Distant fifty-two miles from the Castle of Dublin, 
 h pleasantly situated tm the Kilkenny side of the river Nore. 
 Near this town stands the magnificent mansion of Lord Ash- 
 brooke, with its extensive demesne. On the road from Durrow 
 to Kilkenny, stands Ballyragget, pleasantly situated on the 
 banks of the Nore, from whence two cross roads issue, the one 
 to the left, leading to Castlecoraer, and the other to the right, 
 
NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 loading to Urlinoford. From Durrow a road runnlug to the. 
 rio'lit leads by Johnstown to Urlingford. Near Johnstown is 
 tlio celebrated spa of Ballyspellen, issuing from a rock of brittle 
 ^late, composed of ferrugenoiis argellite ; the superincumbent 
 hill consists of similar substances, intermingled with siliceous 
 the corbonic-acid-gas, or fixed air generated by the lime stone, 
 schistus, and the contiguous hill, being composed of 'lime-stone, 
 the mineral water filtrated through the different strata, of 
 which the circumjacent eminences, consist, exhibets manifest 
 indications of the various metallic particles, with which it is 
 impregnated in its progress, see Tighe's Statistical Sttovey of 
 this County, 
 
 To Urlingford, hy Durrou\ 
 
 Miles 
 
 Durrow . . . . — 52 
 Johnstown . . . 8 GO 
 
 Urlingford . . . 2 62 
 
 Urlingford. — Tv/o miles beyond Johnstown lies the village of 
 Urlingford, situated at the verge of the county, from which 
 two cross roads issue right and left. A portion of the Queen's 
 County was annexed to the Barony of Galmoy, by the repre- 
 sentations of a Duke of Ormond, whose object in obtaining 
 the grant, was to protect his tenantry from the outrages of the 
 Fitzpatrichs, who, when tried for such violences in the Queen's 
 County, were always acquitted, but when they were brought 
 to Kilkenny, never escaped punishment. The substratum of 
 this Barony partly consists of lime stone, and lime stone gravel, 
 siliceous breccia, and red argellite. The largest tracts of bogs 
 in this County lie in the vicinity of Urlingford and Callen. — 
 There are four round towers in this County, besides the one 
 at St. Canice already noticed ; namely, one at TuUoherin, one 
 at Kilree, one at Fartngh, and one at Aghaviller. Lead or^. 
 has been discovered in different parts of the County, but the 
 mine at Flood Hall is the only ore which, as yet, has been 
 wrought. This County abounds in iron ore, which is generally 
 found very near the surface ; as to its state of cultivation, the 
 varieties of its soil, and capability of improvement, see the 
 Slatiscical Survey already quoted. 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 107 
 
 A Table of Fairs held in the Connlij of Kilkenny in evoy 
 month of tiie year. 
 
 places where held. 
 
 Kilmiirry . . 
 
 Ballyragget 
 Bennet's Bridge 
 
 Kilkenny 
 Do. 
 
 Ki'murry 
 Grancy . 
 Barrowniount 
 Rosberkon 
 Mulliiiavat 
 Kilmaganny 
 Ballyragget 
 Fiddowii 
 
 Rathbean 
 
 Farantemple 
 
 Castlecomer 
 
 Rosberkon 
 
 MuUinavat 
 
 Kilmurry 
 
 (Jastlemorres 
 
 tJrlingford 
 
 Graney . 
 
 Durrow . 
 
 Thomastown 
 
 Bawn 
 
 Powcrstown 
 
 Coolinata 
 Knocktopher 
 Rosberkon 
 
 Da'es. 
 
 Jan, 
 1 
 
 March, 
 
 5 
 28 
 
 I places where held. 
 
 i 
 i 
 
 I Innistioge 
 Fid down 
 Ratiibeah . 
 Ballinaniora 
 Barrowmount 
 Cloga 
 Kilkenny 
 Ballyragget 
 Gray . . 
 Stroan . . 
 
 April, 
 
 5 
 12 
 13 
 19 
 20 
 20 
 20 
 25 
 
 May, 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 3 
 3 
 8 
 9 
 12 
 12 
 14- 
 20 
 25 
 27 
 31 
 
 Jime. 
 7 
 7 
 7 
 
 9 
 10 
 11 
 
 14^ 
 15 
 17 
 17 
 22 
 22 
 21 
 
 Bnwn . . 
 Balivlinch 
 Callcn . 
 Kileboy . 
 Graigsiown 
 KelJ.s 
 
 Biirncluirch 
 Kiimuri'y 
 
 Barrowrjioinit 
 P'rc^shtbrd 
 Knockmoyland 
 KilniTn'ry 
 Rosberkon . 
 C'astlecoiner 
 Castleinorrcs 
 Church] and . 
 Urlingford . 
 Kilkenny 
 Calien . . 
 ]^cn net's Bridge 
 Durrow . . . 
 
 Mnlllnavat 
 Ballyragget 
 
 Ms, 
 
 9 
 10 
 10 
 13 
 I 
 
 25 
 9.ry 
 
 I 
 5 
 5 
 G 
 10 
 10 
 12 
 14> 
 15 
 17 
 21 
 26 
 26 
 
lOS 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 KEW TRAVELLER S GUIDE 
 
 Dates. Places where 
 
 vjraney • • • . 
 
 4 
 
 4? 
 
 J^ilniaganny • . 
 
 A. 
 '* 
 
 Jt rcbinui u. . • • 
 
 »7 
 I 
 
 Bawn f . * * 
 
 o 
 O 
 
 JCilkenny « • • 
 
 
 Castlecomer • * 
 
 
 .DaiJiinsna • • • 
 
 1 Q 
 
 Bennet's Bridge . 
 
 19 
 
 Kilmurry . . . i 
 
 21 
 
 IMiillinahow « • 
 
 
 "Rallihibiick . . 
 
 2'? 
 
 r^idclowii « f • 
 
 OQ 
 Zi7 
 
 i. enipiernai iiu • • 
 
 OQ 
 
 V— — ..... 
 
 OcL 
 
 TCilrnnTW 
 
 JlVllili Ul I V 9 • • 
 
 2 
 
 TVTiillinavat ... 
 
 3 
 
 Bosberkon . • • 
 
 
 Oallan . • • • 
 
 lU 
 
 Cirkimacoody • • 
 
 1 n 
 
 Kilkenny . . . 
 
 11 
 
 Urlingiord , . , 
 
 12 
 
 Barrowmount . . 
 
 15 
 
 Burnchurch . . 
 
 18 
 
 Kosberkon . . . 
 
 18 
 
 Bally ragget . ♦ . 
 
 
 Ae^d. Dates* 
 
 St. Kennis . . . ' 22 
 Mullinavat . . . | 28 
 Bawn . . . .1 29 
 
 
 Nov. 
 
 Rathbeagh . • « 
 
 1 
 
 Stroan . • , . 
 
 1 
 
 Graig .... 
 
 8 
 
 Kilkenny . . . 
 
 9 
 
 Templemartin . . 
 
 9 
 
 Castlemorres . . 
 
 12 
 
 Templemartin . . 
 
 22 
 
 Ballihale . . . 
 
 22 
 
 Durrow .... 
 
 25 
 
 Fiddown . . . 
 
 1 30 
 
 
 , Jjec, 
 
 Rathbeah . . . 
 
 6 
 
 Graigstown . . 
 
 7 
 
 Mullinavat . • . 
 
 ! 9 
 
 Ballyragget 
 
 10 
 
 Graney .... 
 
 11 
 
 Innisteoge . • . 
 
 IS&U 
 
 Kilmurry . . . 
 
 16 
 
 Freshford . . . 
 
 1 
 
 Bennet's Bridge . 
 
 ' 2f 
 
COUNTY OF KILDARE. 
 
 The County of Kildare — Is bounded on the north by 
 Meatb, on the east by Dublin and Wicklow, on the south 
 by Carlow, and on the west by the King's and Queen's 
 Counties. It is about thirty two miles long, and twenty one 
 miles broad ; mostly a flat of fine arable soil, which for centuries, 
 has principally supplied the capital with grain. Its population 
 is immense, particularly in the vicinity of Turbaries, where the 
 peasantry collect to enjoy the comforts of cheap fuel, with 
 which this County abounds; it contains 242,245 Acres, Irish 
 plantation measure, of which 41,035, are bog and waste. It 
 is divided into fourteen Baronies and half Baronies, which are 
 subdivided into an hundred and thirteen Parishes, 
 
 Baronies^ 
 
 Korth Salt East Narragh& Ilheban East Ophily 
 
 South Salt Kilkea and Moone West Ophily 
 
 North Naas Keat, & Oughterany West Narragh&Rheban 
 
 South Naas Clane Carberry 
 
 Kilcullen Connell 
 
 Parishes in the Baronies of North and South Salt* 
 
 Cloghnallis 
 
 Celbridge 
 
 Leixlip 
 
 Maynooth 
 
 Straffan 
 
 Clonfoy 
 
 Haynstown Lyons 
 Donacumper Oughterard 
 
 Kildowen 
 Kilteel 
 Slacumny 
 Ta^jhadoe 
 
 Kill 
 Furnaughts 
 
 4 
 
NEW TRAVELLEll's GUIDB 
 
 ROADS. 
 
 On the great soutlicrn Mail-coach-road, the County of 
 Kiklare commences. At the ten mile-stone stands the ruins of 
 fi church to the right ; at the eleven mile stone, a cross road 
 to the right, passes by Bis^liop Court, the mngnificent man- 
 sion and higiily cultivated demesne of Lord Ponsoby; a 
 little beyond the twelve mile-stone, stands the church of 
 Kill, and a cross road runs to the left, and another to the right. 
 Thirteen miles and a half from Dublin, stands Johnstown, 
 i-emarkaole for a good inn. Here are the ruins of an old 
 church, and a cross road runs right and left ; to the right 
 of Johnstown lies the ancient mansion, and extensive demesne 
 of Lord Mayo. Johnstown, is watered by the river Moral. 
 
 Parishes in the Baronies of North and South Naas, 
 
 Cotlandstown, 
 Rathmore, 
 Yagoe, 
 Giltown, 
 
 Carnalway, 
 Killishee, 
 Bodenstown, 
 Cardiffstown, 
 
 Johnstown, 
 Naas, 
 
 Sherlockstown. 
 
 To Castledermot 
 
 by JohnstoXi 
 
 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Johnstown 
 
 
 isj- 
 
 Kaas 
 
 2 
 
 15| 
 
 Kilcullen 
 
 41 
 
 20 
 
 Timolin 
 
 81 
 
 28|- 
 
 Castledermot 
 
 - . 4i 
 
 33 
 
 ROADS* 
 
 At the fourteen mile-stone, a cross road runs to the right ; 
 kt the fifteen mile-stone, a cross road runs to the right, and at 
 half a mile's distance beyond the fifteen mile- stone, stands the 
 town of Naasj on a lofty ridge of ground. In ancient times 
 
FOR yiELAND. 
 
 Ill 
 
 it was the residence of the kings of Leinster. At the north 
 and south extermities, are moats of considerable elevatioi^ 
 In the twelfth century it was fortified, and many castles were 
 erected ; the ruins of religious establishments ^till exist to 
 record the splendor of their former magnificence. In the various 
 intestine discords that convulsed the Island, this important 
 military station, experienced many reverses, and was frequently 
 compelled to submit to different masters. Previous to the Union, 
 it returned two members to the Irish Parliament. On tlia 
 morning of the 24th of May, 1798, this town was furiously 
 assaultiid by a strong body of rebels,, who were gallantly 
 repulsed, with prodigious slaughter. A court house and goaj 
 have been lately erected : one of its old castles constitutes 
 the parsonage house, and there remain no other entire vestige of 
 its former greatness. Contiguous to the town an extensive infan-^ 
 try Barrick, hath been lately built in a retired, healthy situa-^ 
 tion. From the northern extremity of the town a cross roacl 
 runs to the right, communicating with Sallins, and another 
 to the left, leading towards Bally more Eustace. Fiom the 
 southern end of the town, two Mail-coach-roads issue, that 
 to the left running to Carlow. From this road a cross road 
 runs to the left, winding about the base of the southern moat. 
 At the seventeen mile-stone, is a cross road, and the church of 
 Kilshee stands to the left ; at the eighteen mile^-stone, a cross 
 road runs to the right, and at the nineteen mile-stone, a 
 cross road runs to the right, and Harristown lies on the left, 
 which, previous to the union returned two members to the Irish 
 Parliament. At the twentieth mile-stone, a cross road runs 
 to the left ; a little farther on, another runs to the right, and at the 
 twenty-first mile-stone, the road is intersected by the river Lif!^-', 
 From the southern extremity of Naas, the Limerick Mail-coach 
 road sweeps to the right, from which a cross, road issues to the 
 right crossing a collateral branch of the Grand- Canal, which 
 winds in the valley close to the town. On the left, of the Lime^r 
 rick Mail-coach-road, are the ruins of Jigginstown Castle, begun 
 by the Earl of Strafford, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, in the 
 reign of Charles the First; at the serenteen mile-stone, h 
 cross road runs to the right; at the eighteen mile-stone, a 
 cross road runs to the right ; at the twentieth mile-stone, a 
 cross road runs to the right; a little farther on, there are a cross 
 road and the ruins of an abbey to the left ; and between the twenty 
 and twentyfirst mile-stones, the Liffy intersects the road. At 
 the twenty one mile-stone, a cross road runs to the left, ancl 
 farther on, a cross road runs to the right, imd another to the 
 left. At the twenty second mile-stone, the Curragh Stand hou^ie 
 h erected. 
 
KEW traveller's GUlbP 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Kilcullen» 
 Kilcullen Tally Gilltown. 
 
 On the banks of the Liflfy, stands the town of Kilcullen, 
 built from the advantages which a stone bridge erected in 
 the year 1319 across the Liffy, afforded the inhabitants, who 
 gradually abandoned the old town, until it became an entire 
 ruin. Near this town are the ruins of New- Abbey, founded 
 by Sir Rowland Eustace in the year 1460. in the year 1582, 
 a lease of this Abbey was granted to Edmond Spencer the 
 poet, for three pounds a year ; it was plundered, and some 
 of its protestant inhabitants butchered in the rebellion of 
 1798, during the temporary absence of the Garrison, which 
 retired to Naas, for the purpose of concentrating the diffe- 
 rent scattered detachments. A cross road runs to the right, and 
 another, to the left, passes by New- Abbey; at the twenty 
 second mile-stone, a cross road runs right and left. Here 
 the road to Athy, slopes off to the right. At a little distance 
 on this side of the twenty third mile-stone, stands old Kil- 
 cullen, formerly a large walled town, having seven gates, of 
 which the ruins of one only remain. A very ancient round 
 tower, very much decayed, stands in the church yard, also the 
 shaft of a cross, consisting of one stone, ten feet high. Here 
 are the ruins of a very ancient abbey. A cross road runs right 
 and left. At the twenty third mile-stone a cross road runs right 
 and left. At the twenty fourth mile-stone, a cross road runs right 
 and left. At the twenty fifth mile-stone a cross road runs to 
 the left. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Narragh and east Bhelan, 
 
 Timolin Davidstown Narraghmore. 
 
 Johnstown Uske 
 
 At the twenty-sixth mile-stone, stand the ruins of Blackball t« 
 the right. On this side of the twentyseveuth mile-stone, a cross 
 road runs to the right, passing by Narraghmore : at the twenty- 
 eigth mile-stone, a cross road runs to the left ; and the beautiful 
 village of Biillytor, on the right, is situated in a valley, through 
 which the river Greece winds its stream. The neatness and 
 cleanliness of the houses, and highly cultivated gardens, dis* 
 play the elegant simplicity of the Quakers^ by whom it i» 
 colonized. 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 113 
 
 Timolin, — Is distant twenty-nine miles and three quarters 
 ft-ora the Castle of Dublin ; the Church stands on the left, 
 hnd the ruins of an old castle to the right ; near this Village 
 are the ruins of Moone- Abbey. Here a cross road ruixs to 
 the left. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Kilkea and Moone, 
 
 Monmahenock, Grangenolvenj Moone, 
 
 Ballaghmore, Graney, , Nicholas-townj 
 
 Belan, Kilkea, Ardrie, 
 
 Castledermot, Kilneagh^ Dunlost. 
 
 A little beyond the thirty-first mile stone a cross road 
 I'tms right and left. On the right is situated Belan, the 
 beautiful seat of Lord Aldborough, with a very extensive 
 demesne arid plantations. The ruins of Grangeford Castle, stand 
 to the left. At the thirty-second mile stone, a cross road on 
 the right leads to Kilkea Castle, built by the fourth Earl 
 of Kildare, and was the ancient residence of that noble family. 
 
 Casfledermot, — Distant thirty-four miles from the Castle of 
 Dublin, was formerly a large fortified town, and the residence 
 of the kings of Leinster bearing the name of Dermot. Here 
 are the ruins of magnificent Abbeys, Priories, and Monasteries. 
 In the year 1499 a Parliament was held here, wherein an 
 act was passed inflicting penalties on such noblemen as rode 
 without saddles ; a record which proves the barbarity of the 
 ago, and the ignorance of the natives. Adjoining the church 
 is a very fine round tower used as a belfry. The first Protes- 
 tant charter-school established in Ireland, was built here in 
 the year 1734. There are two stone crosses and three pillars 
 in this town engraven with unintelligible inscriptions. This 
 town was assaulted May 1798, by a numerous party of re- 
 bels, who were gallantly repulsed by a small party of Infan- 
 try commanded by Captain Mince. Three cross roads issue 
 from this town to the left, and three to the right; the direct road 
 runs to Carlo vv. At the thirty-five mile stone a cross road runs 
 to the left, and a little farther on another to the right. The 
 County of Kildare terminates at the thirty-six mile stone in 
 this diicttioii. 
 
NEW traveller's GUIDIJ 
 
 To Kildare hy Celbridge. 
 
 (MiUs.) 
 
 Celbridg?, ... 91 
 Claine, . . . . 6| 151 
 Prosperous, . . . 2 ITf 
 Kildare. . . . 32 29 J 
 
 On the road leading from Dublin to Kildare by Cel- 
 bridge, the County of Kildare commences at the eighth 
 mile stone : near the nine mile stone, a cross road runs to the 
 right and left : at Celbridge, two cross roads run to the left. On 
 the right bank of the Liffy is situated the town of Celbridge, 
 distant nine miles and three quarters from the Castle of 
 Dublin: there is a fine stone bridge thrown over the Liffy: 
 at the lov/er extremity of the town an elegant Church has 
 been lately erected in an angle of the Castle-town demesne 
 on the bank of the river; its lofty square steeple and 
 spire form a delightful termination to the end of a long 
 street, where a cross road to the right winds outside of 
 the demesne of Castle-town, situated on the banks of the 
 Liffy. The mansion is as superb an edifice as any in this 
 Island, and the plantations correspond in elegance and mag- 
 nificence. An extensive woollen factory has been lately esta- 
 blished in this town, which employs the industrious portion 
 of the neighbouring populaton. At the southern extremity 
 of this town stand the remains of a magnificent abbey, 
 which have been repaired, and converted into an habita- 
 tion, retaining all the exteroal appearance of its original 
 destination ; this singular edifice exhibits the gloomy gran- 
 deur of Gothic architecture. A cross road runs to the right, 
 irom the upper end of the town, and about a quarter of 
 a mile from the town, stands the Charter School to the 
 left. At the eleven mile stone, a cross road runs to the right, 
 and Kiladoon, the residence of Lord Leitrim, is situated to the 
 left ; a little beyond the eleven mile stone, a cross road run:* 
 to the right, and between the twelve and thirteen mile 
 stones, a cross road runs right and left; beyond the thirteen 
 mile stone, a cross road runs to the left ; at the fourteen mile 
 stone, a cross road runs to the right; and the ruins of an 
 old castle lie in the same direction. A little farther on to the 
 Tight stands Castle-brown, lately purchased by the society of 
 Jesuits for the establishment of a seminary; at the fifteen 
 mile stone, a cross road runs to the right. 
 
rOR IRELAND* 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Claine, 
 
 Timahoc, Carrogli, 
 Ballinafagh, Claine, 
 Downings,, Bride Churcli, 
 
 Killybegs, 
 
 Claine^ — Pleasantly situated on the right bank of the 
 Li%, has a fine built Church, with a lofty square stee- 
 ple, crowned with a neat spire, near this village are the ruins 
 of an old Abbey, where a synod consisting of twenty-six 
 bishops, and many abbots, was held in the year 1162, 
 which prohibited any individual, who had not studied at 
 Armagh, to become a professor of divinity. This village 
 was attacked on the 24-th of May 1798, by a considerable 
 body of rebels, who were discomfited by the Milicent Legion 
 commanded by Captain Griffith, and by a company of the Ar- 
 magh Militia, commanded by Captain Jephson. Here two cross 
 roads issue to the right, and two to the left, the direct road 
 leads to Prosperous, at the seventeen mile stone, a cross 
 road runs to the left, at the eighteen mile stone stands the town 
 of Prosperous ; erected by Captain Brooke ; here a cottoii 
 factory, attempted to be established by the liberal proprie- 
 tor of this little colony, still exists in a languishing condition j 
 a direct road runs from this town to Maynooth ; and from 
 its western extremity, a road runs to the right; and from 
 the opposite point, another to the left; the direct road 
 from Claine fianks the town. This town was attacked on 
 the 24th of May 1798, by an immense body of rebels coni- 
 manded by Doctor Esmond then first Lieutenant of the 
 Milicent Legion; the feeble garrison consisting of a detach- 
 ment of the North Cork Militia, and a few cavalry of the 
 Ancient Britons, after achieving prodigies of valour, were, 
 together with their gallant commander captain Swaine, consum- 
 ed in the Barrack which the rebels set on fire. See Musgrave's 
 Narrative, vol, Ist^ page 288. et Sequel, 
 
 A little beyond the town of Prosperous, a cross road, and the 
 ruins of an old church stand on the right; — at the nineteen 
 mile-stone, a cross road running right and left; and a little be- 
 yond the twenty mile-stone, the Grand Canal intersects the roadr 
 
\ie NEW TRlVELLEIl's GUIDlS 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of ConncL 
 
 Ballimany, Bride Church, 
 
 Kilmaogp, Old Connel, 
 
 Morristown, Great Connel, 
 
 Rathernon, Lady's town. 
 
 At the twenty-one mile stone, a cross road runs to the right ; 
 at the twenty-two mile stone, stands the Churcli of Kilmaoge, 
 and a cross road runsrightand left; alittleonthissideof thetwenty 
 four mile stoncj the road forks into two branches, that to the left 
 leading to Kildare, and that to the riglit leading to Ilathangan ; 
 between these sections lies the hill of Allen, from which the great 
 Bog derives its name : on the declivity of this celebrated hill 
 is the natural cave, which is traditionally reported to contain 
 the remains of Oscar, after lie lost his liie in the battle 
 fought on the banks of the river Durtula winding in the 
 valley beneath ; while he lay in this cave lie was carefully- 
 watched by his faithful dog Bran ; the scene of Macpherson's 
 Temora is laid in this romantic hill, composed of calcareous 
 rocks, among which some stones are found well adapted to 
 form mill-stones of the bc&t quality. This hill from external 
 indications, is supposed to contain rich mines of copper ore, 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of West and East Ophaly, 
 
 Ballysax, 
 
 Bally sonn on, 
 
 Punmurry, 
 
 FeighcuUen, 
 
 Kildangan, 
 
 Kildare, 
 
 Kilrush, 
 Lackagh, 
 Nurney, 
 Pollards- town, 
 Rathangan, 
 Thomas- town, 
 
 Walters-town, 
 
 Carne, 
 
 Donany, 
 
 Knavens-town, 
 
 Monastereven, 
 
 Tully. 
 
 To Rathangan hy Prosperous^ 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Prosperous . . . . , . ; — I 18 
 
 Ilathangan , 12 | 3Q 
 
 At the twenty-five mile-sfone of the road running between 
 Kilmaoge and Rarhangan, a cross road runs to the leftj and at 
 the twenty-seven mile- stone, a cross road runs to the left. 
 
 Rathangan^ — At the twenty-eight nn'le stone is situated the 
 t<!>^vn of Rathangan, on the southern bank of the Little Barrow. 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 117 
 
 The grand Canal runs to the left of this town, hence three roads 
 issue to the right, and another to the left v/inds along the Bog 
 to Monastereven. In the rebellion of 1798, it was pillaged, and. 
 many of its loyal Protestjint inhabitants most barbarously and 
 wantonly massacred by the rebels in the absence of the garrison, 
 withdrawn to discharge other urgent military duties. For detailed 
 particulars. See Musgraves History, Vol, \st» page 2>Qd, ct se- 
 queL 
 
 On the road leading from Kilmaogeto Kildare, at the twenty- 
 five mile stone a cross road runs to the left, and a little farther on, 
 another to the right; at the twenty-seven mile stone, stands the 
 village of Rathbride, and a cross road runs right and left. 
 
 To Monastereven hi) Naas. 
 
 Chiles.) 
 
 Naas i . — 
 
 Kildare 91 
 
 Monastereven . , ♦ . ♦ , 5 1 
 
 151 
 
 24. 1 
 SO 
 
 CiirragJi of Kildare, — A little farther on is a cross road to the 
 yight, then the celebrated Curragh of Kildare, containing three 
 thousand acres, deemed the finest common in Europe : nothing 
 can exceed the softness of the turf, diversified by gentle swells and 
 inequalities of surface : the soil is a fine dry loam, resting on a gra- 
 velly bottom. There still exist some scattered vestiges of circular 
 entrenchments; Kildare is distant twenty-four miles and three 
 quarters by the Naas road from the Castle of Dublin ; here all the 
 roads passing from Claine, Prosperous, Donadea, and Rathangan, 
 conterminate at the north end of the town, which i^ governed by a 
 sovereign, recorder, and two portrieves. It returned twp membei s 
 to the Irish Parliament previous to the Union. Here is a round 
 tower one hundred and thirty feet high, in an excellent state of 
 preservation. In theyearl291 the earldom of Kildare was trans- 
 ferred to John Fitz Thomas, then Lord Ophaly, who in con- 
 sequence of some private quarrel challenged William De Vesej^, 
 then Earl of Kildare, to single combat, and in consequence of 
 De Vesey's declining»the combat, he was degraded from his title 
 and stripped ofmost of his patrimony, afact v/hich determines the 
 barbarity of the age, and the insecurity of property. Tive cathe- 
 dral is in ruins, a great portion of the fSce lands have been 
 alienated, so that the Episcopal revenues chiefly arise from the 
 (deanery of Christ Church annexed to tliis see. Here are the 
 jruins of di/Terent religious institutions. lo the year 1309 aparlij*- 
 
118 
 
 NEW TRVELLEIl's GUIDE 
 
 ment was held here. It was a garrison town in ancient times, 
 and had experienced many disasters and conflagrations, 
 in the various vicissitudes of revolutionary warfare. The 
 rebels of 1798 got possession of this town, wherein they commit- 
 ted the most horrible excesses, until they were finally routed by 
 General Duff with prodigious slaughter. A little beyond the 
 twenty-five mile stone on the Monastereven road, a cross road 
 runs to the left, and a little beyond the twenty-six mile stone, 
 a cross road and the ruins of Lackey Castle, stand on the right. 
 
 Monasterevin, — Distantthirty miles from the Castle of Dublin, 
 IS pleasantly situated on the banks of the Barrow, which here 
 intersects the Grand Canal. Two cross roads run to the right ; 
 the direct road crosses the river by a strong stone bridge; a cross 
 road to the left communicates with Athy : here is a nursery for 
 all the Leinster Charter schools, and a fine modern built 
 Church, with a lofty steeple. Near the tov/n is situated 
 
 Moore Abbey, — Founded by St. Abben, who made it a sanc- 
 tuary. At the general suppression of monasteries, it was granted 
 to Lord Audley, but is now the property of the Marquis of 
 Drogheda, by whom this venerable fabric was beautifully 
 repaired : it still retains the external appearance of its ori- 
 ginal destination. This town was attacked on the twenty- 
 fourth of May, 1798, by a large body of rebels, who were 
 bravely repulsed by the yeomanry. — From Kildare, a road 
 runs to the left passing by Tully, where are the ruins of a 
 preceptory of the Knights Templars. — On the road passing 
 between Kildare and Athy, are the ruins of Gray Abbey to 
 the right. At the first mile stone, runs a cross road to the 
 right ; between the third and fourth mile stones, a cross road 
 runs right and left; a little beyon^l the fourth mile stone a 
 crossroad runs to the right ; at the sixth mile stone, a cross road 
 runs right and left ; a little beyond the seventh mile stone, 
 is a cross road to the left ; and at the eighth mile stone from 
 Kildare, the direct road between Dubhn and Athy, unites 
 with this road. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of West Narragh and Wieban, 
 
 Ath}', St. John's, 
 
 Kilberry, ' St, Michaers. 
 
 Churchtown, 
 
 Athy, — Distant thirty-two miles and an half from the 
 (,'astle of Dublin, and eleven from Kildare, is situated on the 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 119 
 
 banks of the Barrow. It is governed by a sovereign, re- 
 corder, and two bailiffs. By a charter of James the I. it 
 is the assizes town alternately with Naas. Here are the 
 ruins of two Monasteries. In the site where this town now 
 stands, was the ancient ford of Athbrodain, celebrate<l for 
 being part of the scene of action in the battle of Miilla 
 Mast ; it was also by this ford that Donough O'Brien pas- 
 sed in his retreat from the battle of Clontarf. This town 
 was protected by a castle built in the year 1575, which 
 is now converted into a goal. Previous to the Union, it 
 returned two members to the Irish Parliament. At the east 
 end of the town, all the roads, converging from the diffe - 
 rent parts of the county, concentre. A road runs to the 
 left along the bank of the Barrow towards Carlow, from 
 which cross roads issue to the left, to communicate with 
 the Castle-dermot road, running in almost a parallel direc- 
 tion. — From the west end of the town three roads issue, 
 and a little beyond Athy, the County of Kildare termi- 
 nates in this direction. 
 
 Parishes in the Barontf of Ikeath and Oughterany, 
 
 Balraheen, Clonshambo, Drummurghill, 
 
 Donadea, Kiicock, Scullogestown. 
 
 Cloncurry, Mainham, 
 
 Leixlip, — On the great western mail-coach road, the County 
 of Kildare commences a little on this side of Leixlip, pleasantly 
 situated in a valley, at the confluence of the rivers Rye and 
 Liffy, and distant eight miles from the Castle of Dublin. Here a 
 cross read runs to the right. At the upper end of the town to the 
 left, stands a magnificent old Castle, delightfully situated on a 
 rising ground, overhanging the Liffy ; near which is a beautiful 
 cascade or water-fall called the Salmon Leap. On the rising 
 ground beyond the town, a cross road luns to the left, and about 
 half a mile distance to the right, is the celebrated Aqueduct of 
 the Royal Canal, carried across the river Rye, eighty-five 
 feet above the surface of the river. The Canal after intersect- 
 iug the road, runs in a parallel direction on the left to Kiicock, 
 
 To Cloncurry, hy Leixlip, 
 
 (:\iiics.) 
 
 Leixlip . . . . — 8 
 Maynooth • . . 3i 11^ 
 
 Kiicock . , . . 3 14 J 
 Cloncurry , . ^ 4* 18J 
 
Nrw traveller's guide 
 
 At the nine mlle-stoiic there isa crossroad totlieleft, and a little 
 farther on, anotlier to the ri^rlit. At the ten mile-stone stand the 
 ruins of an old church, and a beautiful obelisk to the left. Oh 
 the right, the extensive demesne, and superb mansion of Carton, 
 the residence of his Grace theDuke of Leinster, attract particular 
 notice, 'l iiis vast lawn waves over gentle hills, interspersed with 
 plantations to a great extent, and affords a great variety of pros- 
 pect. A gentle stream winds through the whole, which has been 
 artificially enlarged into a fine river, over which an elegant 
 bridge is constructed. On the most elevated ground, a lofty 
 square tower is erected, from whose top, the whole scenery 
 may be vicv/cd. On this side of the eleven mile-stone, a cross 
 road runs to the left. 
 
 Mrnjnooth^ — Distant eleven miles and an half from the Castle 
 of DiiS^lin, is a neat modern built town, having a large Inn 
 and fine Market-house. A Protestant Charter School was 
 erected here in the year 1750, liberally endowed by Robert 
 Earl of Kildare. On the right of the town, are the ruins of an 
 old Castle, formerly the residence of the noble family of Lein- 
 ster. The Church stands at the upper end of the town, contigu- 
 ous to the College of St. Patrick, an extensive range of build- 
 ings, erected and endowed by the munificent liberality of the 
 Irish Parliament, for the education and instruction of candidates 
 wishing to embrace the Irish Catholic priesthood. From the 
 lower end of the town, a road winds to the right, round the 
 demesne of Carton : from the centre of the town a cross road 
 runs to the left, and from the upper end of the town, a straight 
 road runs direct by Rathcoffy, to Prosperous. Within half a 
 mile of Prosperous, at a place called the Cott, there is a very 
 strong chalybeate spa, richly impregnated with sulphureous 
 particles, which, at some indefinite period, may attract valetu- 
 dinarians afflicted with scrophulous and cutaneous maladies. 
 On the left of this road, is the round tower of Tagadoe. The 
 Royal Canal runs close by the town to the left: at the thirteenth 
 mile-stone, a cross road runs right and left, and the ruins of 
 an old church are situated on the left ; a little farther on, a cross 
 road runs to the left, and a little on this side of KUcock, is a 
 cross road to the left. 
 
 KUcock, — Distant fourteen miles and an half from the Castle 
 of Dublin, is a straggling, irregularly built, populous village. Its 
 Church is a plain stone structure ; the approach through a 
 dirty lane is narrow and inconvenient. This town fell into the 
 possession of the rebels in 1 798 for a few days, in the absence 
 of the military, and many attrocities were committed diiriDg 
 
rdR IRELAND. 
 
 121 
 
 thii temporary occupancy. For particulars, See Musgrave^s 
 History of these sanguinary transactions. From the left of the 
 town, two cross roads issue, one passing by Donadea Castle, 
 the residence of Sir Fenton Aymer, Baronet, thence by Black- 
 wood to the Curragh ; and another in a more westerly direction 
 towards Hortland, the seat of Sir William Hort, Baronet. — 
 Two cross roads issue to the right, and the Royal Canal passes 
 close to the town on the left. At the fiFteenth mile-stone, the 
 Canal intersects the road, and a cross road runs to the right ; 
 at the seventeenth mile-stone, a cross road runs to the left, and 
 a little farther ouj a cross road runs right and left ; at the 
 eighteenth mile-stone a cross road runs to the right. 
 ft C/owcwm/,— Is distant eighteen miles and three quarters from 
 the Castle of Dublin ; here are the ruins of an old church to 
 the right, and a cross road running right and left. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Carherry. 
 
 Lulh'amore, Cadamstown, Mylerstown, 
 
 Carberry, Nurney, Kilmore, 
 
 Kilreeny, Carrick, Ballinadrumna. 
 
 Johnst&wfii — A little beyond Cloncurry, the great mail-coacli 
 road enters the County of Meath. Johnstown, distant twenty- 
 one miles from the Castle of Dublin, is situated on the Black- 
 water River. Two cross roads diverge to the right, towards 
 the verge of the County, which is here bounded by the river 
 Boyne ; another issues to the left, and the direct road leads to 
 Castle Carberry : at the twenty-second mile-stone, a cross road 
 runs to the right. On this side of the twenty-third mile-stone, 
 a cross road runs to the right, and beyond the twenty-fourth 
 mile-stone, a cross road runs right and left. 
 
 To Castle Carberry^ by Kilcoclc. 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Kilcock . . . • — 14 J 
 Cloncurry . . . 4^ 18| 
 
 Johnstown Bridge . . 2 21 
 Castle Carberry . . . 4f 251 
 
 Castle Carberry — Is distant twenty-five miles and three 
 quarters from the Castle* A cross road runs right and left ; 
 the direct road leads towards Edenderry. On the right is the 
 
 R 
 
122 
 
 NEW TEAVELLEr's GUIDE 
 
 Charter School, burnt in the rebellion of 1798; and a little 
 farther on to the right are th • ruins of an old Castle, seated 
 on the brow of a steep, rocky peninsulated eminence, whence 
 there is an extensive prospect. To the left of the town is 
 Newberry, the beautiful seat of Lord Harberton ; the Grand 
 Canal passes through the extremity of the County in this direc- 
 tion. The natural soil of this whole district, is nearly of the 
 same quality — astrong clay, very tenacious of moisture, and which 
 will not bear stirring in wet weather — for mode of husbandry, &c. 
 See Rawson's Statistical Survey of this County^ and Ledwidge^ s 
 very learned Antiquities for a copious and satisfactory account 
 of its numerous castles, abbeys, and monasteries. 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 A Talle of Fairs held in this County every month in ihe 
 
 year. 
 
 123 
 
 PlcLCcs whcTC fields 
 
 Time 
 
 flctccs wheve held. 
 
 Time. 
 
 None .... 
 
 Jan. 
 
 Kilcock .... 
 
 11 
 
 
 
 Kildare .... 
 Castledermot • • 
 
 12 
 
 94 
 
 
 
 Kilcullen Bridge . 
 
 2 
 
 TT" '11 11" • 
 
 Kuballmerm . . 
 
 25 
 
 jviiaare .... 
 
 1 o 
 
 1 z 
 
 Carberry ... 
 
 -^0 
 
 Castledermot . . 
 
 O i. 
 
 
 2 1 
 
 
 
 tJoiiiisLOw 11 ijriOiie . 
 
 
 
 jyiai . 
 
 1 u 
 
 iJdlillUlC^ • • • 
 
 
 
 Nans . . . * . 
 
 1 7 
 
 jNans • , « . 
 
 
 Athy .... 
 
 17 
 
 Monastereven . . 
 
 8 
 
 xvcu jL<ion ... 
 
 
 iMooiie .... 
 
 0 
 
 J-VliV^WdV .... 
 
 ^ >j 
 
 
 Q. 
 0 
 
 Kilcullen Bridge • 
 
 25 
 
 Atny .... 
 
 Q 
 
 
 
 XVllLUllell IJl lU^t? • 
 
 J 1 
 
 
 
 K. liPll 1 IPll 
 
 xVllv/LiiXv^ii, • • • 
 
 22 
 
 
 
 JjLiliCCi .... 
 
 Timolin . . . 
 
 9« 
 
 
 Any 
 
 UjijJI • 
 
 |-C<1 111 tYI O i^TT 
 
 ijaiiinianey . , 
 
 
 iviLuare .... 
 
 9Q 
 
 X illlUllIl • « . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Johnstown Bridge . 
 
 
 
 
 iviiiiio.i'cuni y . , 
 
 
 T? n nvlrlrrp 
 
 
 Kildare .... 
 
 20 
 
 Leixlip .... 
 
 11 
 
 Athy 
 
 25 
 
 Kilgowan • . . 
 ^iiiy .... 
 
 20 
 
 9^ 1 1 t*rf"Mi rvli ill 
 
 jviiurougiim • . 
 
 J, I 
 
 9fi 
 
 
 97 
 
 Piiinp 
 
 V^iilllit? .... 
 
 9 ^ 
 
 Olaine .... 
 
 
 
 
 v^clUIlugc; • • • 
 
 9ft 
 
 T ulley .... 
 
 97 
 
 
 
 TVTrtnnsf PTPVPn 
 
 
 
 
 C!fl 1 vpr stf> wn 
 
 
 
 \ 
 
 
 
 Kiltppl 
 
 1 
 
 X 
 
 {^a«!tlpdprmnt 
 
 
 Kildanjjon . . . 
 
 1 
 
 Naas . . , . . 
 
 10 
 
 Hortland . . . 
 
 2 
 
 Kilcock .... 
 
 11 
 
 Leixlip ..... 
 Newbridge . . 
 
 3 
 
 New bridge . . 
 
 15 
 
 3 
 
 Ballitore . . . 
 
 15 
 
 Maynooth . . . 
 
 4 
 
 Ballimaney . . . 
 
 21 
 
 Ballyonan . . . 
 
 5 
 
 Rathangan . . . 
 
 2(j 
 
 Kilgowan . . . 
 
 S 
 
 Russelwood . . 
 
 2^ 
 
124 
 
 KEW traveller's GUIM 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Time. 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Tme, 
 
 
 Sep. 
 
 Claine .... 
 
 15 
 
 Celbridge . , . 
 
 8 
 
 Ballyonan . . . 
 
 28 
 
 Kiicullen Bridge , 
 
 8 
 
 Kildare .... 
 
 29 
 
 Ked Lion , , , 
 Maynooth . . , 
 
 8 
 19 
 
 
 
 
 Nov, 
 
 Kildare .... 
 
 19 
 
 Ballimany . . . 
 
 1 
 
 Calverstown . , 
 
 21 
 
 Kilteel .... 
 
 1 
 
 Kilbarenerin . . 
 
 25 
 
 Celbridffe . . . 
 
 o 
 
 7 
 
 Castledermot . . 
 
 29 
 
 Rathangan . • . 
 
 12 
 
 Kilteel .... 
 
 29 
 
 Naas .... 
 
 22 
 
 Kildangan . . . 
 
 29 
 
 Ballitore .... 
 
 30 
 
 Kilcock .... 
 
 29 
 
 
 
 
 Dec, 
 
 
 Oct, 
 
 Monastereven . . 
 
 6 
 
 Carberry . . , 
 
 2 
 
 Kiicullen Bridge . 
 
 8 
 
 K-ilcullen ... 
 
 
 Flortland . • . 
 
 Q 
 
 Kil<^owan . . . 
 
 7 
 
 Athy .... 
 
 11 
 
 Leixlip .... 
 
 9 
 
 Castledermot . . 
 
 19 
 
 Athy 
 
 10 
 
 Johnstown Bridge 
 
 2i 
 
 Johnstown Bridge . 
 
 13 
 
 TuUy .... 
 
 
FOR IRELAND, 
 
 KING'S COUNTY. 
 
 King's County, is bounded on the north by East and 
 West Meath ; on the east by Kildare and Queen's County ; on 
 the south by Tipperary ; and on the west by Galway ; from 
 which it is separated by the Shannon. Its greatest extent from 
 east to west is thirty-two miles ; and from north to south thirs- 
 ty-one miles ; it contains 282,200 acres Irish plantation measure, 
 of which 1 26,262 acres are bog, mountain, and waste. It is di- 
 vided into eleven Baronies, which contain fifty-tWQ Parishes. 
 
 Baronies in the King's County, 
 
 Coolstown, Kilcoursey, Eglish, 
 
 AVarrenstown, Garrycastle, Ballibritt, 
 
 Philipstown, Geashill, Clonlish. 
 
 Ballycowen, Balliboy, 
 
 Soil, — The general soil of the arable lands is not naturally 
 very fertile, and chiefly consist of either a deep (noor, or a shalr 
 low gravelly loam. Lime-stone every where abpunds in rich 
 quarries, ^nd lime-stone grayei forms a valuable manure in this 
 district; this county is well watered by wholesome springs. The 
 Brosna, which rises in West- Meath, winds through its centre 
 until it empties its waters into the Shannon, which forms its 
 western boundary ; it is also touched by the Boyne, in the north 
 eastern extremity near Edenderry, and the Barrow forms its 
 line of separation from the Queen's County near Portarlington. 
 No coal mines have been discovered ; but an extensive tract of 
 bogs consitutes an exhaustless source of cheap fuel to its inha- 
 bitants, through which many chalybeate wells are interspersed, 
 ^he great mountains called Slicve-Bloom, are situated on 
 
126 
 
 NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 the south eastern extremity, running a range of fifteen miles, 
 through which there is but one steep narrow and craggy pass, 
 jiamed Glandine Gap, not more than five feet wide, and may 
 be aptly deemed the Irish Thermopil£e. The soil of these moun- 
 tains is argillaceous, thickly interspersed with free-stone rocks. 
 There now exists no traces of these vast forests, for which this 
 county was anciently so celebrated. 
 
 Parishes in the harony of Coolstown, 
 Castropeter, Ballinakill, Kelligney, 
 
 ROADS. 
 
 Edendcryy. — At the twenty- nine mile stone, stands Edenderry 
 village, mostly inhabited by that peaceable and industrious class 
 of people, the Quakers. On the summit of a hill are the ruins of 
 an old castle, and the church is situated to the left ; two cross 
 roads issue to the right, one leading to Clonard, and another to 
 Mullingar; and another to the left leads to Clonbullock. The 
 Grand Canal runs close by this village ; on this side of the 
 thirty-second mile stone a cross road runs right and left, and 
 the ruins of Ballenahill Church are situated to the left. On this 
 side of the thirty-third mile stone, a cross road leads to the right. 
 The half of this barony is bog and waste; the pastures are ge- 
 nerally rich and luxuriant, and particularly adapted for dairies. 
 On the hill near Edenderry, now the church-yard, there was 
 formerly a silver mine attempted to be worked ; no marls or 
 clays of a calcareous quality are discovered in this barony. At 
 Esker there is a chalybeate spa, deemed wholesome ; at Monas- 
 teroras are the ruins of a spacious Monastery, contiguous to 
 which is a charming spring of the purest water, sanctified by 
 the superstition of the illiterate peasants : Ballykillin-Fort in 
 this barony, was a celebrated rath defended with strong works 
 ^nd very difficult of access ; in the centre there is a vault. This 
 district abounded with a chain of forts strongly fortified, and 
 commanded the bog-passes. 
 
 JParishes in the Baronies of Philipsto'wn and Warrenstomi. 
 
 Kilclonfert, Croghan, Clonchurch, 
 
 Ballycommon, Philipstown, Ballymackwilliam, 
 
ton IRELAND. 
 
 Philipsto'uon, — Distant thirty-eight miles and a half from the 
 Castle of Dublin, is so named from Philip of Spain, husband 
 to Queen Mary, who, in the year 1557, reduced this refractory 
 district into a county. It is a very sorry village to constitute 
 the Shire-town of a County. Here a spacious goal has beeii 
 lately erected, contiguous to the horse barrack ; it was formerly 
 a garrison, of whose fortifications no traces remain but the 
 ruins of an old castle, situated on the banks of a rivulet which 
 waters the town. Previous to the Union it returned two mem- 
 bers to the Irish Parliament. The Grand Canal runs close tq 
 the town, and has materially contributed to improve its con- 
 dition. Here the roads approaching on the right, from Trim, 
 Tyrrell's- Pass, and Kilbeggan, conterminate and unite. Two 
 cross roads to the left, pass to Geashel and Killeagh. At the 
 forty-one mile-stone two cross roads to the left communicate 
 with ClonbuUock and Geashill. The barony of Warrenstown, 
 the smallest in the County, excells in the richness of its soil, 
 scarcely containing an unprofitable acre. Here there is no 
 tillage, but what merely supplies domestic consumption, its fine 
 and fertile pastures being exclusively occupied in grazing — 
 here a thousand cow^s and bullocks are annually fattened, and 
 several thousand sheep. There is only the small village of Rhode 
 in this district, and a brook named the Yellow River is its only 
 streamlet. The greatest portion of the Barony of Philipstown 
 is occupied in tillage : all the uplands are arable, and the moors 
 or low lands, are stocked with numerous herds of store cattle, 
 Croghan Hill, which 'forms the boundary of the County, at 
 the north-west extremity of this Barony, is a conical hill of 
 very considerable elevation, beautifully clothed with the most 
 luxuriant verdure to its summit, where there is an ancient 
 cemetery, and at its base are the ruins of an old Church, 
 The soil of this hill is a hot lime-stone gravel. 
 
 Parishes in the Baronies of Balyc&isoen and KilcourseT/, 
 
 Lynally, Durrow, Kilbridetangan, 
 
 Ragban, TuUamore, Kilmanaghan. 
 
 Tullamore, — At the forty-four mile-stone, are tlie ruins of an 
 old church to the right. Tullamore, distant forty-six miles 
 from the Castle of Dublin, is nearly divided into two equal 
 portions, by a river of the same name. It is a neat, regularly 
 well built town, and owes its present thriving condition to 
 the paternal fostering indulgence, and munificent liberality of 
 
123 
 
 N£W traveiier's guide 
 
 its noble proprietor, Lord Charleville, who converted a straggling 
 gioup of t'-^;nched cabins, into stately streets, composed of 
 handsome dwellings, which exhibit the comforts of a wealthy 
 and industrious population. Such an example, if universally 
 imitated by the opulent proprietors, would quickly give the 
 national cha/'^icter a very different feature, as judicious en- 
 couragement promotes industry, and industry and competency 
 create contentment and civilization. The linen manufacture 
 has been introduced, and under auspicious protection, cannot 
 fail to flourish. The barnicks are spacious and handsome, 
 and the market-house, built at his lordship's expense, is very well 
 adapted ibr its intended purpose. The Grand Canal runs close 
 by the town. Here the roads passing from TyrrelV Pass and Kil- 
 beggan, on the right, and from Killeagh on the left, eontermi- 
 nate. The Church is adorned with a lofty steeple : a cross road 
 leads to the right, and a little beyond the town are the ruins 
 of an old castle to the right. Lord Charleville^s demesne 
 comprising 1,500 acres, extends to the suburbs ; it is delightfully 
 wooded with full grown timber, judiciously intermingled with 
 young thriving plantations. The undulating hills covered with 
 forest trees, the various cascades contrived at the different falls 
 of the river Cladagh, now tumbling with impetuous rapidity, 
 and then rolling with majestic grandeur over huge rocks in the 
 valley, produce a charming effect. Grottos and rustic bridges 
 are tastefully disposed, and an artificial excavation of nearly 
 eight acres, formed by his lordship, is so admirably executed, as 
 to give all the appearance of a natural formation ; here the 
 poetical maxim is happily observed, arsesficlare artem. At the 
 forty-eight mile-stone, the road winds to the right; at the forty- 
 nine mile-stone a cross road on the right leads to Clara ; at the 
 fifty-one mile-stone, stands Pallas Church, and the ruins of an 
 old Castle on the right, and a cross road runs right and left. 
 Near the fifty-third mile-stone, are the ruins of two old Castles, 
 one on the right, another on the left ; at the fifty-four mile- 
 stone are the ruins of an old Castle to the right, and a cross road 
 on the left; at the fifty-five mile-stone a cross road on the left 
 unites. 
 
 Frankfort^ — Distant fifty-five miles and three quarters from 
 the Castle of Dublin, is pleasantly situated on the Silver-river : 
 here is a Charter school, from this town three cross roads issue 
 to the left, onerunstoRoscrea, another to Killine, and a third to 
 Eglish, and there is a cross road to the right. The greater portion 
 of the Barony of Ballycowen is arable, and among the moors 
 are small clusters o^" Ume-stone hills, which yield a very gocd 
 
tOR IRELAND. 
 
 12d 
 
 pasture for sheep and store cattle. Kilcoursey Barony, from 
 the superior excellence of its soil, has hitherto been mostly 
 occupied in grazing, but since the introduction and extension 
 of the linen manufacture, its population is rapidly increasijig. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Garry Castle. 
 
 Lusmagh, Killigally, Reynaugh, 
 
 Clonmacnois, Lemanaghan, Tessauran. 
 Galen, 
 
 At the sixty mile-stone, a cross road leads to the right ; at 
 the sixty-one mile-stone are the ruins of an old castle to the 
 right. 
 
 Cloghan. — At the sixty-two mile-stone, stands the neat 
 village of Cloghan, which has a most comfortable Inn on the 
 left; here the road from Farebane, on the right, unites. — • 
 A cross road on the right leads to Athlone, and another to the 
 left leads to Eglish : at the sixty-four mile-stone a cross road 
 runs right and left ; at the sixty-five mile-stone, are a cross road, 
 and the ruins of an old castle to the right. 
 
 Banagher^ — Distant sixty-six miles and an half from the 
 Castle of Dublin, is a tolerably large, well built town, pleasantly 
 situated on the eastern bank of the river Shannon, over which 
 there is a fine stone bridge. It has a barrack for two compa- 
 nies of foot; a cross road runs to the left. Previous to the Union 
 it returned two members to the Irish Parliament. A little beyond 
 the forty-seven mile-stone, on the road running between Kil- 
 beggan and Shannon Bridge, across road runs to the right | 
 at the forty-eight mile-stone, a cross road runs right and leu. 
 
 To Banaghet^ by jBdenderry. 
 
 Edenderry 
 
 Philipstown 
 
 Tullamore 
 
 Frankford 
 
 Cloghan 
 
 Banagher 
 
 
 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 * 
 
 
 • 
 
 
 29 
 
 
 
 
 
 38i 
 
 
 
 
 
 46 
 
 
 • 
 
 
 n 
 
 55} 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 61 
 
 62 
 
 
 
 
 4i 
 
 66i 
 
 Claruy — Distant forty-eight miles and an half from the Castle 
 of Dublin, is a neatj handsome village, pleasantly situated on 
 
 s 
 
130 
 
 uiLw traveller's guide 
 
 the river Brosna. The Church stands to the right, and a crosi? 
 road runs right and left; this is the only town in the Barony of 
 Kilcoursey. The linen manufactory is here carried on with 
 spirit ; near this town are the ruins of Kilcoursey Castle, whence 
 the Barony is named, and the family of Lambert derives the 
 title of Baron. 
 
 Ballijcumber, — Distant fifty-one miles and a quarter from 
 the Castle of Dublin, is situated on the banks of the Brosna. 
 ^ The Church stands on a rising ground, at a small distance 
 to the right. A cross road runs right and left ; at the fifty- 
 fourth mile-stone, are the ruins of a Church to the left, and the 
 ruins of an old Castle to the right. Near the fifty-sixth mile- 
 stone are the ruins of two old Castles to the left. 
 
 Farebane Village, — Distant fifty-seven miles from Dublin^ 
 is delightfully situated on the banks of the Brosna. A cross 
 road runs right and left, and the church stands to the right. Near 
 this village on the right, are the ruins of Clanmacnois, celebrated 
 for being the cemetery of many Irish chieftains, princes, and 
 monarchs ; these splendid fragments of venerable antiquity, 
 are situated on a rising ground, on the eastern bank of the 
 river Shannon ; this was originally an Abbey, founded by 
 St. Kieran, in the year 549, but was afterwards erected into 
 a bishoprick, which is now annexed to the see of Meath. 
 Here is a stone cross, whose shaft is fifteen feet high. There 
 are also two round towers, and another at Farebane. For 
 a description of architectural ornaments, still existing, See 
 Ledwidge's learned Antiquities on Monastic Institutions ; at the 
 fifty-eighth mile-stone, a cross road runs to the right, and 
 a little beyond the fifty-ninth mile-stone, a cross road runs 
 right and left, and the ruins of an old castle are situated to 
 the right; near the sixty-one mile-stone, are the ruins of an 
 old castle to the right. 
 
 Shannon Bridge, — Distant sixty-five miles from Dublin 
 Castle, terminates the County in this direction. A great portion 
 of this barony is a naked rock, with scarcely any stratum 
 of earth ; such a barren soil must exhibit a miserable popula- 
 tion, unless the introduction of the linen manufactory, already 
 established in other parts of this country, may create a source 
 of employment for its inhabitants, otherwise doomed to languish 
 in hopeless poverty. Neither mines, marl, nor calcareous clays 
 have been discovered, but there are many Chalybeate springs- 
 in this district. 
 
 . Parishes, in the Barony of Geashill. 
 Geashill, Killinieur, Kilbride. 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 ClonegowetL — On the road passing between Portarlington 
 and Parsonstown is the village of Clonegowan, distant iorty 
 miles and a quarter, from Dublin. A cross road on the 
 right leads to Geashill, which though now an inconsiderable 
 village, is a place of great antiquity; here are tlie ruins of 
 a large, spacious, and lofty castle, the noted residence of the 
 O'Molloy's in ancient times : this castle was battered by Crom- 
 well, and withstood a long and obstinate siege ; the garrison 
 was commanded by Lady Ophelia, who, it seems made more 
 resistance to this redoubted warrior than any of her country- 
 men : the Parish Church is recorded to have existed 1,200 
 years. On the glebe of Geashill, is a spring of an extraordinary 
 quality. At the forty-sixth mile-stone, stands the village of 
 Killeigh. At the foot of an hill, near the church, are the 
 ruins of an old abbey on the right, founded in the year 
 54-0, by St. Sincheal. In the reign of Edward the First, 
 a house for Grey Friars, was erected by O'Connor; a cross 
 road to the right, leads to TuUamore. This is the best 
 wooded district in the County ; the soil is a deep clay, on a 
 substratum of gravel ; this barony is the estate of Lord Digby, 
 at the fifty-two mile-stone a cross road runs right and left. 
 
 Parishes in the Baronies of Ballihoy and Eglish, 
 
 Balliboy, Drumculleiiji 
 Killahy, Eglish. 
 
 Balliboy, — An inconsiderable village, situated on the Silver- 
 river, is distant fifty-six miles from Dublin Castle. A cross 
 road runs right and left, and a church stands to the right. At the 
 fifty-seventh mile-stone, a cross road runs right and left. At 
 the sixty-two mile-stone the road from Frankford unites on 
 the right, and Eglish Church is situated to the right. In the 
 barony of Balliboy, are Lakes fallas and Anna; the latter 
 forms a portion of the boundary between the King's and Queen's 
 Counties, and constitutes the source from which the Silver-river 
 flows. Near this lake are the ruins of Killinany Castle; this 
 is the poorest and worst cultivated barony in the county. For 
 alleged causes. See Sir Charles Coote' s Statistical Survey, page 82. 
 Eglish Barony has neither a town, village, nor manufactory ; 
 there is only one extensive bleaching green at Castle Eglish. 
 In a very small compass are the ruins of five castles, of 
 which there exist no historical records ; at Ballincar there 
 is a spa, of the same quality as that of Castle Connoll, 
 
NEW TRAVELLEirs GUIDE 
 
 This district is considerably overrun with moors, and the up-f 
 lands are stubborn clays, and in some places a light graveK 
 In the demesne of Droughtville, is a strong rath which com- 
 mands the whole district ; it is difficult of access, and defen- 
 ded by a regular and double course of works, still in good 
 preservation. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of BallyhritL 
 
 Seikyran, Aghancon, Ettagh, 
 
 Kilcolemauj Birr, Jlosscomore^ 
 
 Birr^ (or Parsonsio^wn, J — Distant sixty-three miles and three 
 quarters from Dublin Castle, is a large populous and regularly 
 built town, situated on a river of the same name. Here is 
 j^n excellent Market-House and an Infantry-barrack; it is 
 adorned with a fine old venerable castle, the residence of 
 Lord Ross, the noble proprietor of the town ; this castle was 
 besieged by Savsfield, and relieved by Kirk. In the centre 
 of the town is a column of the Doric order, whose shaft is 
 twenty-five feet high, crowned with a pedestrian statue of 
 the late Duke of Cumberland, in a Roman habit. This town 
 is situated at the verge of the County bordering on Tipperary, 
 with which it communicates by three roads to the left. The 
 direct road leads to Banagher, distant six miles. At the three 
 railc-stone a cross road on the left, leads to Portumna ; at 
 the four mile-stone, are a cross road and the ruins of an old 
 castle to the right ; near the five mile-stone, a cross road 
 runs to the right, and the ruins of an old castle are situated on 
 the left ; and a little farther on, this road unites with the Frank- 
 ford road, leading to Banagher. The soil of this Barony 
 consists of two kinds, lime-stone gravel, and a deep stiff clay. 
 The pasture is generally light and only. fi.t for a sheep walk. 
 
 To Birr hy Clonegowan. 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 C Ion ego wan .... — 40| 
 
 Killeagh 61 46? 
 
 Balhboy .... 9j 56 
 
 Birir 1\ 63? 
 
rOR IRELAND. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of ClonlisJc. 
 
 Castletownely, Finglass, Shinrone, 
 Cullenwaine, Kilcomin, Templeharry, 
 Dunkerrin, Kilmuryely, 
 
 Dunlcerrin^ — On the Limerick Mail-coach-road, passing 
 through the south eastern extremity of this County, staiicU 
 the Village of Dunkerrin ; distant sixty-three miles and three 
 quarters from the capital ; here are a neat church, a charter 
 school, and a comfortable inn. 
 
 Frankford, — Contiguous to this little town ^s situated the de- 
 mesne of Frankford. The mansion is antique, but regularly 
 defended with fortifications, a fbsse, and a draw -bridge. 
 Glocester demesne is very extensive, but flat and frequently 
 overflowed by the redundant waters of the Brosna. The 
 mansion is very modern. The entire of this Barony is ex- 
 tremely well inhabited, by a wealthy gentry, laudably occupied 
 in reclaiming moors, through which many chalybeate spas 
 are interspersed. Two cross roads communicating between 
 Roscrea and Birr, pass through this Barony, the one passes 
 by the Leap-Castle, built on the declivity of a hill, com- 
 manding a very strong pass. Before the discovery of gun- 
 powder, it was impregnable ; but modern tactics render it 
 useless, as it is commanded by the adjacent hills. The other 
 by Shinrone, a village, which, from its central situation, 
 is most commodiously adapted for an extensive trade and 
 manufactory from its local advantages. Fuel and water here 
 abound, and a collateral branch of the Grand Canal, extended 
 to its vicinit)^, would soon exalt it from penury to affluence. 
 Here are erected a handsome church, and a commodious; 
 market house. The population is generally composed of 
 Protestant inhabitants, whose loyalty counteracted the wild 
 innovations of refractory, revolutionary, and bigotted insur- 
 gents; a circumstance which exhibits a solemn warning 
 to statesmen and legislators, how affectionately they should 
 cherish, and encourage that identity of religious commu- 
 nion, which constitutes the staff", the refuge, and the stay 
 of the reformation in the days of trouble. There are many 
 raths scattered through this Barony, Cangor Castle was 
 noted for obstinately resisting a long siege of the Irish army, 
 but the garrison being basely betrayed, were conbumed, to- 
 ther with the Castle, by the barbarians. 
 
NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 Ratlmore Castley^Had very lofty and strong walls, en- 
 circling two acres of ground, and protected by four great 
 towers; a deep and wide fosse surrounded the whole. It 
 was so advantageously situated that it could not be outflanked. 
 Sir Charles Cootes's very judicious Statistical Survey of this 
 County, contains much useful information, particularly interest- 
 ing to the land owners of this district, respecting the best 
 mode to be adopted for diminishing the numerous waste^v 
 \nth. which it abounds. 
 
 To Birr hy FranJcford. 
 
 (Miles. 
 
 Frankford . . . . 55i I 
 J3irr , • , , , 9i | 65 
 
FOR IRELAND^ 135 
 
 A Table of Fairs ketd in the King's County every month in the year^ 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Time. 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Time, 
 
 
 Jan, 
 
 Philipstown - - 
 
 22 
 
 Cloghan - - 
 
 1 
 
 Shannon-bridge 
 
 o 
 
 24 
 
 
 Feb. 
 
 
 July 
 
 Clara - - - - 
 
 I 
 
 Kucommon - - - 
 
 5 
 
 Parsonstown - - 
 
 1 1 
 
 Shin rone - - - 
 
 9 
 
 Cloghan - - - 
 
 24 
 
 Tullamore - ^ - 
 
 10 
 
 
 Cloghan - - - 
 Clonegown - - - 
 
 11 
 
 22 
 
 
 Mar, 
 
 Ji^denderry - - - 
 
 2 
 
 Clara - - - - 
 
 25 
 
 Cloghan - - • 
 
 IT 
 
 Ballycowen - - - 
 
 31 
 
 Philipstown 
 
 28 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 AuQ, 
 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 
 Apr, 
 
 T^prbanp « - • 
 
 2 
 
 Cretan - - - - 
 
 1 
 
 Moneygall - - - 
 
 3 
 
 Cloghan - - - 
 
 1 
 
 Brosney - - - 
 
 4 
 
 
 
 Banagrotty - - - 
 
 11 
 
 
 
 
 May, 
 
 Castlebrack - - 
 
 12 
 
 Banagher 
 
 1 
 
 Cloghan - - - • 
 
 15 
 
 Geashill - * - - 
 
 1 
 
 Clononey - - - 
 
 16 
 
 Ballicumber - - 
 
 2 
 
 Cullenwain - - - 
 
 20 
 
 Balliboy - - - - 
 
 4 
 
 Caheronlish - - 
 
 20 
 
 Kilcumnien 
 
 4 
 
 Balliboy - - - 
 
 21 
 
 Cloghan - - - 
 
 4 
 
 Parsonstown 
 
 25 
 
 Rallihane - - - 
 Parsonstown 
 
 4 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 
 Sep. 
 
 Shannon-bridge 
 
 6 
 
 Cloghan - - - 
 
 8 
 
 Brosney - - - 
 
 8 
 
 RnriflO'Vipr « - » 
 
 15 
 
 Moneyeall - - - 
 
 8 
 
 Cloghan - - - 
 
 15 
 
 XuUamore - - - 
 
 10 
 
 QpvPTi Chiirrhp'4 - 
 
 20 
 
 Clara - • - « 
 
 12 
 
 SDiflTrnnn-Viridcrf* 
 
 29 
 
 Banagrotty ■* - . - 
 
 26 
 
 
 
 
 
 Frank ford - - - 
 
 28 
 
 
 Oct. 
 
 
 
 Kinnetty - - - 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 
 
 June 
 
 Geashil - - - - 
 
 6 
 
 Killeigh - . - 
 
 1 
 
 Killion - ... - 
 
 10 
 
 Dunkerrin - - - 
 
 5 
 
 Killiegh - - - 
 
 16 
 
 Killion - - - . 
 
 7 
 
 Kilconimon - - - 
 
 18 
 
 Edenderry - - - 
 
 8 
 
 Ferbane - - - 
 
 20 
 
 Durrow - - - - 
 
 9 
 
 Tulkmore - - - 
 
 21 
 
 Cloghan - - - 
 
 21 
 
 Banagher - - - 
 
 28 
 
NEW travelleh'b guide 
 
 Places where held, 
 
 Cloghan - - - 
 
 Clara 
 
 Dunkerrin 
 
 Edeiiderry 
 
 Banagher 
 
 Frankford 
 
 Cullenwian 
 
 Shinrone 
 
 CastleciifF 
 
 Moneygall 
 
 Time. 
 
 Places where held; 
 
 
 29 
 
 
 Dec. 
 
 
 Ballicumber - - 
 
 1 
 
 Nov, 
 
 Philipstown 
 
 3 
 
 I 
 
 Balliboy - - - 
 
 a 
 
 3 
 
 Parfionstnwn - 
 
 
 4 
 
 Cregan - 
 
 12 
 
 8 
 
 Cloghan - - - 
 
 12 
 
 8 
 
 Dunkerrin - - - 
 
 21 
 
 11 
 
 Shannon - - - 
 
 21 
 
 21 
 
 Gcashill - - - - 
 
 26 
 
 22 
 
 
 
 24 
 
 
 
TOR IRELASn, 
 
 QUEEN'S COUNTY. 
 
 The Queen's County, so called in honour of Queen. 
 Mary, is bounded on tlie west, by the King's County ; on the 
 north, by Kildare; on the east, by Carlow; and on the south, 
 "by Kilkenny and Tipperary. Its greatest extent from north 
 to south is about 25 Irish miles, and from east to west about 
 21 Irish miles. Its superfices is estimated to contain 235,300 
 acres Irish plantation measure, including bogs, mountains, and 
 wastes. It is divided into eight Baronies : — Slewmargy, Bally- 
 adams, Stradbally, Cullinagh, Maryborough, Upper Ossory, 
 Portnehinch, Tinehinch, which are divided into fifty-one 
 Parishes. The soil, originally marshy, swampy, and boggy, 
 is now considerably reclaimed, and the forests, v/hich formerly 
 overshadowed its entire surface, are now utterly extinguished. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Slemmargi/* 
 
 Killebane, Rathaspic, Slaty. 
 
 Killeskin, Shrule, 
 
 tlOADS. 
 
 There arc only a few inconsiderable villages and hamlets in 
 ihh Barony. On the road leading from Atliy to Castlecomer, 
 Queen's County commences at the thirty-fourth mile-stone. — 
 On this side of the thirty-sixth mile-stone, Ballylinan Church 
 is on the right, and a cross road h'oni Carlow on the left; on 
 this side of the thirty-seventh mile stone, a cross road runs to 
 i'arlow on the left, and a little farther on, are the ruins of oil 
 
 T 
 
I3S 
 
 NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 old castle to the left ; at the forty-first mile-stone a cross road 
 runs to Carlow on tlie left : here the coal pits commence on 
 both sides of the road, and the County terminates at the forty- 
 second mile-stone. Here a small stream divides the County of 
 Kilkenny from the Queen's County. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Ballyadams, 
 
 Tankardstown, Fontstown, 
 Ballyadams, Monksgrange. 
 Tullowmoy, 
 
 Killeban, Rahin, Sangana, Ballyadams, and Ballylohan are 
 the only villages delineated to be situated in this small Barony, 
 i^itabban built a sumptuous Abbey at the village of Killeban; 
 no traces of this monastery now exist, on whose site a paro- 
 chial church has been erected. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Cullenaglu 
 
 Cremorgan, Abbyleix, 
 Dysertgallen, Timahoe. 
 
 ROADS. 
 
 On the road leading from A thy to Timahoe, Queen's County 
 commences at the thirty-sixth mile-stone; at the thirty-eighth 
 mile-stone, the road forks into two branches, that on the right 
 runs to Stradbally, and the other on the left, to Timahoe. 
 
 Timahoe, — Distant forty-two miles and a half from the Castle 
 of Dublin, is a small village, where an Abbe^ was founded 
 by St. Mochoe ; here also stands a round tower. In the rebel- 
 lion of 1641, a sanguinary battle was fought near this village, 
 between the insurgents and the English forces, commanded by 
 Monk. The road forks into two branches, that on the right, 
 runs to Bally roan, and the other on the left, to Ballynakill. 
 
 BaUynaJcill, — Distant forty-eight miles and a half from Dub- 
 lin Castle, is a ruinous and decayed village, where are the ruinfi 
 of an old castle, destroyed by Oliver Cromwell in 1642, after 
 a most formidable, and obstinate resistance. A cross road on 
 the right branches to Durrow, and the direct road leads to Bally- 
 ragget. It was a borough previous to the Union, 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 339 
 
 To Balli/nahilli hj TimaJioe, 
 
 Timahoe 
 
 jBallynakill 
 
 (Miles.) 
 6 \ 48|: 
 
 Stradbally, — Distant thirty-eight miles and an half* from the 
 Castle of Dublin, is a small, neat village, where an handsome 
 Church, a good Market-house, and a Charter School are erected. 
 In the twelfth century, a monastery for Conventual Franciscans 
 was founded here by Lord O'More. This abbey, with all its 
 possessions, was granted by Queen Elizabeth, in 1592, to 
 Francis Cosbie and his heirs, for a small annual rent, Irish 
 currency, and the annual equipment of nine English horsemen. 
 Within half a mile of this town stands Brockley Park, the 
 magnificent residence of Earl Roden. Stradbally Hall, the 
 beautiful seat of Mr. Cosbie, is also situated in this vicinity. 
 Across road on the left, branches towards Bally roan, and another 
 on the right, runs to Maryborough. On the Mail-coach road, 
 running from Monastereven to Maryborough, Queen's County 
 commences at the thirty-first mile-stone ; at the thirty-second 
 mile-stone, a cross road on the left leads to Stradbally ; at the 
 thirty-third mile stone, a cross road on the left runs from Strad- 
 bally, and the ruins of Ballybrittas Castle stand on the right, and 
 a cross road leads to Portarlington. On this side of the thirty- 
 flfth raile-stone, stand Emo Inn, and Dawson's Court ; on the 
 right, a magnificent seat, the property of Lord Portarlington. On 
 this side of the thirty-sixth mile-stone, a cross road on the left, 
 runs from Stradbally, and another on the right, leads to Portar- 
 lington. At the thirty-seventh mile stone, stands the stupendu- 
 ous rock of Dunamase on the left, inaccessible on all points but 
 the east, whfch was defended by outv*'orks ; on this impregnable 
 spot, a fortress is supposed to have been erected by Laigscach 
 O'Mooro, about the beginning of the third century, from which 
 period, it not only continued the principal residence of the 
 powerful chiefs of this district, but frequently was occupied by 
 the kings of Leinster. On the arrival of the English, it was 
 in the possession of Dermot MacMurrogh, king of Leinster, 
 whose only daughter Eva, was married to Strongbow, Earl of 
 Pembroke, by which alliance, it became this nobleman's pro- 
 
140 
 
 KEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 ))ertj% This Earl's only daughter having married "William 
 Marshal, who in right of this marriage, became Earl of Pem- 
 broke, he erected it into a county palatine, and buih an 
 elegant Castle on the Dun, in 1216. In 1325 it was recovered 
 by the O'Moors, its ancient proprietors; in 1329 it was rescued 
 ji om the Irish. It was again seized by the O'Moors, who, in 
 iibout two years afterwards, were dispossessed of its inheritance. 
 In the rebellion of 1641, this important fortress was surprized 
 by the insurgents, but was retaken by the king's forces, in 
 whose possession it remained until 1646, when it fell into the 
 hands of Owen Roe O'Neil, until in 1650, it surrendered to 
 Colonels Hewson and Reynolds, who dismantled the Castle, 
 iind blew up the fortifications. The remaining fragments of the 
 walls and gates attest their former strength, extent, and mag- 
 nificence, venerable even in their ruins; the present proprietor 
 Sir Henry Parnel, is rebuilding the Castle in all the gloomy 
 htateliness of its original grandeur, which was begun by his 
 father. At the thirty-eighth mile-stone, a cross road runs to the 
 right ; at the thirty-ninth mile-stone, the road from Athy unites 
 OB the left. 
 
 PdrisJics in the Barony of Maryborouglu 
 
 Burros, Kilcolemanbane, Straboe, 
 
 Clonagheen, Disert, Ballyfin, 
 
 Clonenaghj Kilteal, 
 
 Maryhorough, — Distant forty miles from the Castle of Dublin, 
 the shire and assizes town of this County, It was so named 
 in honour of Queen Marj^, in whose reign this district was 
 reduced into a shire, and is pleasantly situated near the river 
 Barrow. It has a barrack for a troop of horse ; here stands an 
 ancient Castle, supposed to have been built by Belhngham : it 
 v/as a borough previous to the Union. Two roads branch off 
 on the right, one leading to Mountmellick, and the other to 
 Portarlington. Two roads issue from this town, that on the 
 right, leads to Mountrath, and the other on the left, stretches 
 towards Durrow. At the forty-third mile-stone, a cross road 
 on the left, leads to Donoughmore, and on the right lies Ballyfin, 
 the beautful residence of the Right Hon, Welesley Poole, brother 
 to his Grace the Duke of Wellington. The extensive demesne, 
 thickly planted with very fine old timber, encompasses a noble 
 lake, which materially contributes to enliven, and divei'sify the 
 scenery of the undulating grounds. At the forty-fifth mite-» 
 ^jtone, a neat church stands on the left. 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Upper Ossory^ 
 
 Kyle, 
 
 Attanali, 
 
 Bordwell, 
 
 Coolkerry, 
 
 Donaglimore, 
 
 Kildellig, 
 
 Rathfarran, 
 
 Aghaboe, 
 
 Agbmacarle, 
 
 Killeny, 
 
 Killermogh, 
 OfFcrillan, 
 Rathdowny, 
 Skirk. 
 
 Mountraih^ — Distant forty-six miles and fin half from the 
 Castle of Dublin, is a small, neat village, pleasantly situated 
 on the river Nore. It gives the title of Earl to the family of 
 Coote. The road from Mountmellick unites on the right, and 
 a cross road on the left, leads to Abbeyleix ; two roads issue 
 from this town, that on the right, leads to Kilballyduff village, 
 and the other on the left, to Burros in Ossory. 
 
 Castleto'wn — Is a small village, distant forty-eight miles and a 
 quarter from the Castle of Dublin, pleasantly situated on the 
 river Nore. A cross road on the left, runs to Abbeyleix ; at 
 the fifty-first mile-stone, a cross road from Durrow unites on the 
 Ml. 
 
 
 
 (Miles. ) 
 
 • 
 
 • • 
 
 
 33 
 
 
 
 1-5. 
 
 
 
 
 
 40 
 
 
 • • 
 
 
 46j- 
 
 
 • • 
 
 n 
 
 48* 
 
 
 • • 
 
 
 531 
 
 I0 Burros in Ossory, hy Ballyhrittas. 
 
 Ballybrittas 
 Emo 
 
 Maryborough 
 Mountrath 
 Castletown 
 Burros in Ossory 
 
 Burros in Ossory, — Is a neat small village, distant fifty-three 
 miles and a quarter from the Castle of Dublin ; ihe road from 
 Donoughmore unites on the left. At the fifty-sixth mile-stone, 
 are the ruius of Ballaghmore Castle on the right ; at the fifty- 
 seventh mile-stone the County terminates in this direction— 
 on the road leading from Maryborough to Ballyroan, at the 
 forty-third mile-stone, the road from Timahoe unites on the 
 left. 
 
 Ballyroan^ — is a small village, distant forty-four miles and a 
 half from the Castle of Dublin ; beyond the village the road 
 forks into two branches, that on the left leads to Ballynakill 
 already noticed. At the forty-eight mile-stone, stands the 
 0-ncient village of Abbeyleix, pleasantly situated on the 
 
NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 river Norc. In 1183, an Abbey was founded here by Corchcgcr 
 O'Moore, in lionour of the Virgin Mary. In 1421 a great 
 ?;laughter was committed near this village by tlie O'Moors, on 
 the Karl of Ormond's retinue, he being then Lord Lieutenant 
 of Ireland. On the suppression of this monastery, it was 
 granted with all its possessions, by Queen Elizabeth to Thomas, 
 Earl of Ormond. Near this village is situated Lord De Vcsey's 
 magnificent residence. At the fiftieth mile-stone, the roads 
 from Ballynakill and Durrow re-unite ; at the fifty-first mile- 
 stone, two roads branch to the right, one leads to Roscrea, 
 and the other to Burros in Ossory ; at the fifty -fourth mile- 
 stone, stand the ruins of an old castle on the right, and a cross 
 road on the left leads to Freshford ; at the fifty-fifth mile stone, 
 iire the ruins of an old castle to the left, and on this side of the 
 fift}^- seventh mile-stone, the County terminates in this direction. 
 On the road leading from Durrow to Kathdowny, are the 
 ruins of an old castle, and a small lake to the right. Rath- 
 downy is a small village, distant seven miles from Durrow. — 
 Donoughraore is a small village, distanteight miles from Durrow, 
 where a barrack is erected. Skirk is an inconsiderable hamlet, 
 distant thirteen miles from Durrow, Jiaving a neat plain church; 
 SI little farther on, a cross road on the right, leads to Thurles, 
 where the County terminates in this direction. Between Abbey- 
 3eix and Burros in Ossory, lies Aghaboe village, containing 
 about twenty cabins, where a celebrated Abbey was founded 
 by St. Canice, a disciple of St. Finian. It was subsequently 
 ■erected into an Episcopal see, which dignity it enjoyed, until, in 
 1152, during the Icgateship of Cardinal Papyro, the old 
 Bishoprick of Aghaboe was extinguished and merged into that of 
 Kilkenny, where the Cathedral of St. Canice was translated. 
 In 12503 Fitzpatrick, Prince of Ossory, founded a Monastery, 
 dedicated to St, Canice, for Friars of the order cf St. Dominick. 
 on the site of the Cathedral. At the general suppression of 
 monastic institutions. Queen Elizabeth granted this Abbey, 
 with all its possessions, to Florence Fitzpatrick. For an 
 accurate description of this magnificent ruin, consult Led- 
 widgc^s learned Afiiiqiiilics, page 514. Within a mile of Aghaboe 
 stands a round tower in a high degree of preservation. 
 
 To Ballj/nakilly hy Maryborough, 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Maryborough .... — 40 
 
 Ballyroan . . . * 4^44^ 
 
 Ballyniijiill .... 4 48^: 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 1*3 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Portnehinch, 
 Ardea, Kilnaman, Lea. 
 
 On the road leading from Monastereven to PortarlingtoiT, 
 the Queen's County commences at the thirty-second mile-stone; 
 at the thirty-third mile-stone, stands Lea Church on the left, 
 and the ruins of an old castle on the right. 
 
 Portarlhigton^ — Distant thirty-six miles and three quarters 
 from the Castle of Dublin, is a large, populous, well built 
 town, chiefly consisting of one extensive main street, and 
 pleasantly situated on the river Barrow. It is inhabited by 
 various opulent, private, and genteel families, who prefer the 
 social intercourse of a town residence, to the boisterous and 
 intemperate conviviality of stately and periodical rural enter- 
 tainments ; here are many elementary seminaries for infantine 
 pupils, where the rudiments of the French language are generally 
 taught. It gives the title of Earl to the family of Dawson, and 
 returns one member to the United Parliament. Tv»'o cross 
 roads issue to the right, one leads to Clonegowan, and the 
 other to Rathangan ; the road from Ballybrittas unites on the 
 left. At the thirty-ninth mile-stone, a cross road runs to the 
 left; at the fortieth mile-stone, a Church is situated, and a 
 cross road on the right, leads to Philipstown. 
 
 To Clonaslee, hi/ Portarlington, 
 
 Miles. 
 
 Portarlington . . . — 36 1 
 
 Mountmellick ... 6| ^tik 
 
 Rosenallis .... 2 4.57} 
 
 Clonaslee . . . . 31 49^ 
 
 Parishes i?i the Baroni) of Tinehinch, 
 Castlebrack, Oregaii. 
 
 Mou?iimellicli\ — Distant forty- two miles from the Castle of 
 Dublin, is a sprightly, neat viilnge, situated on a stream that 
 flows into the Barrow. It k chiefly inhabited by Quakers, 
 whose neatly appointed dwellings, display convenience, cleanli- 
 ness, and elegant simplicity ; whose example, more universally 
 imitated, would remove the aspersion of national slovenlineso, 
 universally imputed to the Irish disposition. The peaceful and 
 industrious habits of this sect, are proverbially conspicuous, 
 
J44 
 
 "KEW TRAVELLER'S GUrt)E 
 
 xvherever tlicy select a spot for a permanent residence. The 
 roads from Maryborougli and Moimtrath, unite on the left ; a 
 cross road on the right, leads to Killeigh. 
 
 Moscnallis, — Is a small village, distant forty-four miles and 
 a half from the Castle of Dublin ; the road from Mountrath 
 unites on the left, and a cross road on the right leads to 
 Killeigh ; at the forty-eighth mile-stone, are the ruins of Clo- 
 naslee Castle on the right ; at the forty-ninth mile-stone, the 
 road forks into two branches, both leading to Balliboy. On 
 the right hand branch are the ruins of an old church, and on 
 the left, the ruins of CufFe Castle. On this side of the fifty- 
 first mile-stone, the County terminates in this direction. 
 
FOR IRELAND, 145 
 
 Table of Fairs Jicld in the Qiicen^s Couniij each monih annually. 
 
 I^ldccs whcTC held* 
 
 Time. 
 
 I'laces where held. 
 
 Time. 
 
 
 Jan. 
 
 Ijallinakill 
 
 10 
 
 Maryborougli 
 Burros in Ossory 
 
 1 
 J 
 
 ±juiiagiiiii()i e ... 
 
 
 28 
 
 IMountmelhck • . 
 
 1 7 
 
 
 L^astietown . 
 
 2y 
 
 
 I' CO, 
 
 
 
 
 MountmeJlick . . 
 
 
 
 T.J,. 
 
 tfuLij 
 
 Mountrath . . . 
 
 17 
 
 1 imahoe .... 
 
 Maryborough . . 
 
 24? 
 
 Maryborough 
 
 Fj 
 
 
 
 Rathdowny 
 
 JO 
 
 
 
 
 Mar. 
 
 otraabali}' 
 
 10 
 
 i3alIuckmoyle 
 
 Id 
 
 BalUrone .... 
 
 
 Mountmellick 
 
 17 
 
 
 
 
 
 J5urros in (Jssory , 
 
 20 
 
 
 Aug. 
 
 ivi aryuoi oijgn . • 
 
 Of? 
 
 /lugiiauce ... 
 
 o 
 
 Uunaghmore . , 
 
 28 
 
 Mountrath 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 BalHnakill . . . 
 
 
 
 
 
 Apr, 
 
 v>as>iieuracK . . 
 
 1 o 
 1 A 
 
 1 imahoe . • . • 
 
 p 
 
 a 
 
 Burros in Ossorv . 
 
 1 li 
 
 Portarlington 
 
 19 
 
 otrad bally 
 
 21 
 
 iviouiiiram • * . 
 
 1 Q 
 
 iTiOUIJllIlUlllLK . . 
 
 
 
 
 Dunaghmore ... 
 
 J t 
 
 
 
 
 May 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Oastletown ... 
 
 1 
 
 
 bep. 
 
 Clonaslec .... 
 
 Q 
 
 ivxaryuoi ougu . . 
 Rathdowny • 
 
 A 
 
 Rath downy . 
 
 6 
 
 12 
 
 btraabally 
 
 6 
 
 iViountratn , . . 
 
 29 
 
 jVlountratn . • 
 
 /-> 
 o 
 
 Mountmellick 
 
 29 
 
 Cullonagn 
 
 8 
 
 
 
 - - 
 
 
 JVlaryborougn 
 
 12 
 
 
 Ucf. 
 
 iSallyroan .... 
 
 15 
 
 i^uliimil .... 
 
 
 V/aSLleUI acK. ... 
 
 1 c> 
 
 X uricii iiiiiZioii • • 
 
 1 o 
 1 A 
 
 Abbeyleix . . . 
 
 18 
 
 Castletown Mayo . 
 
 18 
 
 Portarlington . . 
 
 22 
 
 Timahoe .... 
 
 21 
 
 CullihiU .... 
 
 27 
 
 AuMiaboe .... 
 
 22 
 
 BaUibrittas . . . 
 
 27 
 
 Burros in Ossory . 
 
 26 
 
 
 
 Tinnchinch . . . 
 
 29 
 
 
 
 
 June 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Burros in Ossory . 
 
 1 
 
 
 Nov. 
 
 
 7 
 
 Mountmellick . . 
 
 X 
 
NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 
 Places where held* 
 
 Time* 
 
 Abbeyleix 
 
 
 Ballyroan .... 
 
 OA 
 
 KIT i„ i-l 
 
 Mountrath . . . 
 
 11 
 
 Garrindenny , . . 
 
 24? 
 
 Balluckmoyle 
 
 n 
 
 
 
 
 Disart .... 
 
 
 
 JJec, 
 
 Castlebrack , . . 
 
 15 
 
 Maryborough , . 
 
 4 
 
 Ballinakill . . . 
 
 16 
 
 ]VIoiinf mpllick 
 
 11 
 
 Burros in Ossory . 
 
 20 
 
 Dunaghmore 
 
 12 
 
 Stradbally . . . 
 
 21 
 
 Rathdowny . . . 
 
 15 
 
 Castlecuffe . . . 
 
 22 
 
 CuUenagh , . . 
 
 18 
 
 Portarlington . . 
 
 23 
 
 Burros in Ossory . 
 
 20 
 
FOR IRELAND H 
 
 COUNTY OF CARLO^V. 
 
 The County of Carlow, is bounded on the north by Kil- 
 dare, on the east by Wicklow and Wexford; on the south 
 by Kilkenny, and on the west by the Queen's County. Its 
 greatest extent from north to south, is about 26 Irish miles, 
 and from east to west about eighteen Irish miles ; its surface 
 comprises 137,000 acres Irish plantation measure, including 
 bogs, mountain, and waste; it contains five Baronies: Ravilly, 
 Catherlough, Idrone, Forth, and St. Mullins, which are divided 
 into forty-nine parishes. The river Barrow, navigable from 
 New Ross to Monastereven, traverses this County from north 
 to south. The Slaney crosses it in its progress from Wicklow 
 to Wexford. The portion of this county situated on the west 
 of the Barrow, although rough and mountainous, is beauti- 
 fully fringed with timber, gradually ascending nearly to the 
 summits of the loftiest hills, and thickly interspersed with 
 elegant mansions, whose snow-white chimnies are sometimes 
 visible peeping through the trees. Another mountainous 
 tract stretches along the boundaries of Wexford, from the 
 lofty rocks of Mount Leinster to Black Stairs. The scenery 
 through this County is enchantingly delightful. The cham- 
 paign portions are extremely rich and fertile, equally adapted 
 for tillage or for pasture. The soil is generally composed of 
 lime-stone, and lime-stone gravel. These lime-stone quarries, 
 abundantly supply the inhabitants occupying the western 
 mountainous district of Wicklow and Wexford with lime, 
 conveyed either by land or water carriage. The lands are 
 chiefly occupied by graziers. This district was formed into 
 a County by King John in the year 1210. 
 
 To Donard» 
 
 (Miks.) 
 
 Donard, Wicklow . , . — [23 
 Hacketstown . • . , 9 | 32 
 
Ms 
 
 KLw thavi:ller*s guide 
 
 Parishes in the Earony of Havilly, 
 
 ('Ion more, 
 ITacketstown, 
 llath, 
 Eathmore, 
 
 Ardriotrai7> 
 
 Ravilly, 
 Tullovv, 
 Aghade, 
 
 Circrlni, 
 Raliil 
 
 Castlemorej 
 Tullov/bctr. 
 
 ilOADS. 
 
 On the road leading fi'om Donard to Tincheley is sittiatcd 
 tlacketstowii, a small neat village, distant thirty-two miles 
 from Dublin Castle. This little town was furiously attacked 
 on the 25th of May, 179S, by a formidable body of rebels^ 
 •who Were gallantly repulsed by the yeomanry, and a small 
 party of the Antrim militia. It ivas again attacked by the 
 rebels, on the 25th of June, and after an engagement, which 
 continued from six o'clock in the morning until three in 
 the afternoon, they were repulsed with great loss, having 
 ftred the village, but could make no impression on the small 
 but gallant garrison, the primary object of their vengeance* 
 The road from Aghrim, unites on the left; two roads issue 
 iTom this town, one to the left leads to Tineheley, the 
 other on the right to TuUow. On the road passing between 
 Baltinglass and Enniscorthy, Carlow county commences at 
 the thirty-one mile-stone; where a cross road, on the right, 
 runs to the town of Carlov/ ; and at the thirty-five mile-stone, 
 a cross road on the right also runs to that place. f 
 
 To LeigJilin Bridge hi/ Tullaw. 
 
 (Milos) 
 
 TuUow . . . . . — I 38 
 •Leighlin Bridge . . . 9| I 47l 
 
 TulloiLh — At the thirty-eight mile-stone, stands the town 
 of Tullow, pleasantly situated on the river Slaney, over 
 which a bridge consisting of six arches, is erected; at the 
 foot of the bridge are the ruins of an old abbey, supposed 
 la have been founded by Simon Lambers and Hugh Tallon, 
 This abbey and all its possessions were granted by Queen 
 Klizabetii to Thomas, Eiirl of Ormond, The castle, deemed 
 
TOR iriELAND. 
 
 149 
 
 formidable, was reduced by Cromwell, after an immense 
 slaughter of the Irish. It is now converted into a barrack. 
 Here are a neat church and a good market house. Two roads 
 issue from this town on the right, one leads to Carlow, and 
 the other to old Leighlin ; a cross road on the left, leads 
 to Shillelagh ; the direct road runs to Clonegal, distant 
 forty-seven miles and a half from Dublin Castle. 
 
 To Royal Oak by Carlow, 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Carlow . • . - . — 
 Leighlin Bridge .... 6 
 Royal Oak . . . . .2 
 
 39 
 45 
 47 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Carlow. 
 
 Ballycroge, Painestown, Ballinacarrig, 
 
 Carlow, Tullowmagrimahj Staplestown, 
 
 Kellystov/n, Urghlin, Killerig. 
 
 On the road passing between Castledermot and Carlow 
 town, the County of Carlow commences at the thirty-six 
 mile-stone ; at the thirty-seven mile-stone is Burton Hall on 
 the left. The v»^hole intermedate space to the town of Carlow, 
 is beautifully variegated with delightful country seats. 
 
 Carlow, — Distant thirty-nine miles from Dublin Castle^ 
 and agreeably situated on the river Barrow, is the shire 
 and assizes town of the county. It consists of a main 
 street, intersected by two others at right angles. Its public 
 buildings are a market house, a court house placed over 
 the goal, a horse barrack, and a venerable old church; its 
 manufactory consists in the fabrication of coarse woollen 
 cloths; and its traffic in supplying the adjacent country 
 with Kilkenny coal. Here a Roman Catholic seminary was 
 lately established for the education of the youth of that 
 persuasion, to which a splendid chapel is attached. On an 
 eminence, commanding the river, stood a strong castle, flanked 
 with towers and bastions, and supposed to have been erect- 
 ed by King John, to secure a pass over the river Barrow 
 for the protection of the English pale. In the reign of 
 Richard the Second, it was surprised by Donald M'Ait 
 O'Cavannagh, who stiled himself King of Leinster, in whose 
 possession it remained for a considerable period. In 1577 
 thb tovv-n, then fortified, sustained a long siege against Rory 
 
150 
 
 NEW THAVELLER's GUIDE 
 
 Oge O'Moore, then in rebellion against Queen Elizabetl>, 
 but it was ultimately constrained to surrender to the plun- 
 dering assailants, who barbarously massacred many of the 
 inhabitants. In 1612, a detachment from the Duke of Ormond's 
 army rescued 500 Englishmen, imprisoned in the castle, where 
 ihey were almost famished. In 1650, the parliamentary forces 
 compelled the rebel garrison to surrender. In a late effort 
 to new model and modernize this venerable pile, its founda- 
 tions were so sapped and undermined, that the whole fabric 
 instantly gave way, and now remains a heap of indiscrimi- 
 nate ruins. Here are the ruins of a very fine abbey, sup- 
 posed to have been founded about the year 634?. On the 
 25th of May, 1798, this town was furiously assaulted by an 
 immense body of rebels, at two o'clock in the morning, who 
 after a most sanguinary conflict, were routed by a small party 
 of military, stationed in the Barracks, assisted by the loyal 
 yeomanry ; after the battle 470 corpses collected and interred 
 in an indiscriminate mass, attested the loss sustained by these 
 infatuated fanatics. This town gives the title of Viscount 
 to the family of Dawson, as it hkewise gave that of Marquis 
 to the Duke of Wharton. It returns one member to the 
 United Parliament. A cross road on the right, leads to Athy; 
 three roads unite on the left ; a cross road on the left stretches 
 towards New Ross ; from the upper end of the town, two 
 roads issue, one on each bank of the Barrow, to Leighliri 
 bridge. The intervening distance between Carlow and Leighlin, 
 is charmingly diversified with a chain of rising grounds, 
 gradually swelling into lofty mountains, along whose sides 
 the verdant foliage of the forest, interspersed with beautiful 
 habitations, forms a delightful contrast with their brown and 
 , heathy summits. 
 
 To Clonegal hy Tullaw, 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Tullow — [38 
 
 Clonegal 9j | 47| 
 
 Parishes m the Baro7iy of Idrone. 
 
 Tennagh, Wells, Kiltennan^ 
 
 Old Leighlin, Clonagoose, Lorum, 
 
 Nurney, Cloydogh, SleagufF, 
 
 Tullowcryn, Dunleckny, Drumfry. 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 151 
 
 Leighlin Bridge^ — Distant forty-five miles from Dublin 
 Castle, is a small village, situated on the eastern bank of 
 the Barrow ; a bridge erected over the Barrow, in the year 
 1320, gave rise to the town, from the inviting convenience 
 of the situation. Here are the ruins of an old abbey founded 
 by the Carevvs, which, at the suppression of monastic insti- 
 tutions, was converted into a fortress, regularly garrisoned; 
 there are also the ruins of a strong castle, built by the Lacies, 
 
 Old Leighlin^ — Distant about three miles fi'om Leighlin 
 Bridge ; is situated in the mountains, on the western side 
 of the Barrow ; it was ejected into an episcopal see in 
 6S2. In 1060, the cathedral was consumed by lightning, 
 and afterwards repaired in 1232. In 1216, this town was 
 incorporated and constituted a city, though now a straggling 
 mean village, and the boundaries of its liberties, defined by 
 large stones perpendicularly erected at convenient distances. 
 It was once plundered by the Danes, and frequently by the 
 natives, in the civil commotions which often raged in this 
 unfortunate island, convulsed by the ambitious struggles 
 of a semi-barbarous aristocracy, selfishly contending to retain 
 a feudal ascendency. In 1600, this I3isboprick was united 
 to Ferns : St. Gobban founded a celebrated monastery here, 
 in which a famous assembly of the clergy was held in 630, 
 to deliberate about the proper period for the celebration 
 of the Easter festival; it was a borough previous to the 
 imion. 
 
 Boyal OaJc, — Is a small village distant forty-seven miles 
 from Dublin Castle. Here is a good Inn, much frequented 
 by travellers for its comfortable accommodations, f^ere the 
 road forks into two branches, that on the right leads to 
 Gowi'an, and the other on the left, to Gore's Bridge. At the 
 forty-eighth mile-stone the county terminates in this direc*. 
 tion. From Leighlin Bridge, a road sweeps along the northern 
 bank of the Barrow ; at the forty-seven mile-stone, stands 
 Bagnell's Bridge. Here the roads from Carlow and Tullow 
 unite on the left. At the fiftieth mile-stone the road from 
 Clonegal unites on the left, and a Bridge crosses the Barrovv 
 on the right. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Forth, 
 
 Gilbertstown, Ballan, Templepeter, 
 Myshall, Barragli, 
 
 There arc no remarkable towns, roads, binges, or villa- 
 
152 
 
 NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 gcs in this remote Barony, nor does it contain any natural 
 or artificial curiosity meriting description, and 'worthy of in- 
 spection. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of St, Mullins, 
 
 Ballyellen, St. Mullins. 
 
 Ballycllen Castle, — On this side of the fifty-second mile- 
 stone, are the ruins of Ballyellen Castle, and a bridge on 
 the right, loading to Gore's Bridge Village, situated on the 
 Kilkenny side of the Barrow. At the fifty-fourth mile-stone 
 a road from Carlow unites on the left, and a bridge on the 
 right crosses the Barrow; a little farther on is situated Bally- 
 burris Village, and a cross road on the left, leading to Ennis- 
 corthy. At the fifty-seventh mile-stone, a cross road on the 
 left runs from Enniscorthy, and another on the right, leads 
 to Cragenamanagh : at this pass, on the Carlow side of the 
 Barrow, are the ruins of an old castle. At the sixty-one mile- 
 stone stands St. MuUin's Church and Village, which latter 
 gives name to the Barony. Here St. Moling, who was con- 
 secrated Bishop of Ferns, in 632, founded an abbey, for 
 regular canons following the order of St. Augustin. This 
 monastery was plundered by the Danes in 951, and it was 
 consumed by fire in 1138. It was the burial place of the 
 O'Cavannaghs, Kings of Leinster, and still continues the 
 favourite cemetery of the descendants of that race. In this 
 barony are situated these formidable mountains, called Black 
 Stairs, awefully grand, terrific, and majestic, forming an 
 unsurmountable barrier between the counties of Carlow and 
 Wexford, except only at Scullogh Gap, where there is a 
 pervious passage, of mutual communication. On this side of the 
 ?ixty-third mile-stone the county terminates in this direction. 
 
FOR IRELAND. 15S 
 A Table of Fairsy held in every month of the year. 
 
 Places where held- 
 
 Tint o 
 
 X in\e» 
 
 Jan. 
 
 X lUtt-o zt'/tc/cr /ttr£U'« 
 
 Time. 
 
 Junc^ 
 
 Rathvilly - - - 
 
 1 
 
 Palatinetown - - 
 
 M 
 
 x>urris - - » - 
 
 1 
 
 St. Mullins - - - 
 
 17 
 
 Tullow - - ^ . 
 
 20 
 
 Carlow - - - _ 
 
 22 
 
 
 
 Rathvilly - - - - 
 
 24 
 
 
 
 
 Feb, 
 
 Hacketstown - - 
 
 27 
 
 Hacketstown - - 
 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 
 
 Clonegal - - - 
 SligufF - - - - 
 
 10 
 
 
 July, 
 
 12 
 
 Borris - - - - 
 
 2 
 
 
 Tullow - - - - 
 Kiledmond - - - 
 
 10 
 15 
 
 
 March. 
 
 Cloneffal - - - - 
 
 S 
 
 St. Mullins - - - 
 
 25 
 
 Hacketstown - 
 
 
 Clonegal - - r - 
 
 SI 
 
 Kiledmond - - - 
 
 12 
 
 
 
 
 
 Tullow - - - - 
 
 23 
 
 
 August, 
 
 Rathvilly - - - 
 
 25 
 
 Rathvilly- - - - 
 
 1 
 
 iViysnai - - - - 
 
 25 
 
 Ballon - - - - 
 
 1 o 
 
 Palatinetown - - 
 
 26 
 
 Borris - _ - „ 
 
 15 
 
 Ballon - - - - 
 
 28 
 
 Sherwood - - - 
 
 20 
 
 
 
 Hacketstown - - 
 Carlow - - - - 
 
 21 
 
 26 
 
 
 April. 
 
 Tullow - . - - 
 
 21 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Palatinetown - - 
 
 23 
 
 
 Sep. 
 
 
 
 jvnocKinm - • » 
 
 A 
 
 
 
 4" 
 
 
 May. 
 
 St. Mullins - - - 
 
 8 
 
 Borris - - - - 
 
 1 
 
 Tullow - - - - 
 
 8 
 
 Staplestown - - - 
 
 > 
 
 Myshal - - - ~ 
 
 14 
 
 Tinnehinch - - - 
 
 1 
 
 Hacketstown - - 
 
 18 
 
 Carlow - - - - 
 
 4 
 
 juciguiin jjiicige - - 
 
 
 Hacketstown - 
 
 'x 
 
 Tcnehinch - - - 
 
 29 
 
 Clonegal - - - 
 
 5 
 
 
 
 
 
 Nurney - - - - 
 
 6 
 
 
 October 
 
 Leighlin Bridge 
 
 14. 
 
 Orchard - ^ - - 
 
 2 
 
 Sherwood - - - 
 
 20 
 
 Leighlin Bridge - - 
 
 6 
 
 Clonegal - - - 
 
 27 
 
 Tullow - - - - 
 
 29 
 
 Wells - - - - 
 
 27 
 
 
 
 
 Nov. 
 I 
 
 
 June, 
 
 Sliguff - - - - 
 
 Clonegal - - - 
 
 7 
 
 St. Mullins - - - 
 
 1 
 
 Orchard - - - 
 
 8 
 
 Palatinetown - - 
 
 6 
 
 X 
 
NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 
 Time* 
 
 
 Nov* 
 
 Staplestown - - - 
 
 7 
 
 Cariow - - - - 
 
 8 
 
 Clonegal . - - - 
 
 12 
 
 T^ntlivillv - - - - 
 
 12 
 
 Borris - - - - 
 
 14 
 
 Hacketstown - - 
 
 16 
 
 Tullovv - - - - 
 
 21 
 
 Clonegal * - - - 
 
 22 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Nurney - - - 
 Knockmill - - 
 
 Clonegal - ■ 
 Wells - ■ 
 Clonegal - 
 Hacketstown 
 
 Nov, 
 26 
 30 
 
 Dec. 
 1 
 11 
 11 
 
 21 
 
POR IRELAND. 
 
 15^ 
 
 COUNTY OF EASTMEATH. 
 
 County of Eastmeath, is bounded on the north by Louth, 
 a small portion of Monaghan and Cavan ; on the west by West- 
 meath ; on the south by Kildare ; and on the east by Dublin 
 and the Sea. It extends from east to west about thirty-five Irish 
 miles, and from north to south about twenty-nine Irish miles. 
 Its surface covers an area of $27,900 acres Irish plantation 
 measure, of which 27,909 acres consist of bogs and waste. The 
 great fertility of its soil rendered it a most tempting object for 
 an invading army, whose ultimate design was perpetual occu- 
 pancy ; and the general flMness of this district, destitute of 
 natural fastnesses or artificial obstacles, rendered it an acquisi- 
 tion easily retained by the conqueror. It is divided into nearly 
 two equal portions by the river Boyne, from its entrance into 
 Meath at Clonard, until it empties itself into the sea below 
 Drogheda. The Black Water which issues from Lou<^h Ramar, 
 in the County of Cavan, falls into the Boyne at Navan ; the 
 tributary streams of the Nanny, the Rye-water, and Moynally 
 intersecting this county in different directions, materially con- 
 tribute to beautify and fertilize its surface. The splendid 
 mansions and highly cultivated demesnes of many noblemen, 
 and a numerous and opulent gentry, indicate its present pros- 
 perity ; and the numerous mouldering piles of ruined castles, 
 monasteries, friaries, and abbeys, still exist as monuments to 
 record the gloomy grandeur of their ancient proprietors. It is 
 divided into twelve baronies, which contain 147 parishes. 
 
NEW traveller's GUID» 
 
 Baronies in County of Eastmeaih, 
 
 tipper and Lower Duleek, 
 
 Dunboyne, 
 
 Rat oath, 
 
 Skryne, 
 
 Upper and Lower Slane, 
 Morgallion, 
 
 Upper and Lower Deece, 
 Upper and Lower Navan, 
 Lune, 
 
 Upper and Lower Kells, 
 Demi Fowre, 
 
 Upper and Lower MoyferragL 
 
 Parishes in the Bayony of DuleeJc, 
 
 Ballygarth, 
 
 Donore, 
 
 Kentstown, 
 
 Kilmoon, 
 
 Knockcommon, 
 
 Painestown, 
 
 Ar death, 
 
 Bally magarry, 
 
 Julianstown, 
 
 Kilsharvan, 
 
 Moorechurch, 
 
 Piercetownlandy, 
 
 StamuHen, 
 
 Brownstown, 
 
 Clonalvy, 
 
 Colpe, 
 
 Duleek, 
 
 Mornanstown, 
 
 Fennor. 
 
 On the mail coach road running from Dublin to Drogheda, 
 Meath County commences at the seventeen mile stone. At the 
 eighteen mile-stone stands Gormanstown, the residence of Lord 
 Gormanstown, and there is a cross road to the left : at the nine- 
 teen mile stone is situated White Cross ; at the twenty mile stone 
 the road is intersected by the Nanny- Water ; a cross road runs 
 to the left, and Julianstown church is situated on the right at 
 the twenty-third mile stone a cross road runs right and left ; 
 here the county terminates in this direction* On the road lead- 
 ing to Drogheda by the Naul, Meath County commences a 
 little beyond the fourteen mile stone, where a road slopes to the 
 left, and the ruins of Snowton castle are situated on the right ; 
 at the sixteen mile stone a cross road runs right and left; on 
 this side of the Nanny- Water, Dardiston church stands to the 
 right ; on the north side of the Nanny- Water, a cross road runs 
 right and left, and a church stands on the left ; at the twenty- 
 second mile stone the road from Duleek unites on the left ; on the 
 road passing from Dublin to Duleek, Meath County commences 
 at the nine mile stone, where the road forks into two branches, 
 that to the right passing direct through part of the County of 
 Dublin to Duleek* 
 
 Duleeh — Is pleasantly situated on the Nanny- Water. It is 
 now much decayed from its former population. The 
 first stone church built in L'eland, is supposed to have been 
 erected here by St. Kenan in the fourth century, and it continued 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 151 
 
 nil episcopal see for many ages ; it was frequently pillagGcl by 
 the Danes in their pluAdering excursions ; in the thirteentli 
 century it was united to Meath ; previous to the union it re- 
 turned two members to the Irish Parliament; here was a prio- 
 ry founded by the family of the O'Kellys, which at the refor- 
 mation was suppressed. This town gave the title of Baron to 
 the ancient family of Bellew. From the lower extremity two 
 roads issue, that to the right leading to Drogheda, distant four 
 miles, and that on the left to Slane ; the portion of this baro- 
 ny which stretches along the sea-shore, is a light thirsty soil, 
 affording vegetation barely sufficient to feed rabbits ; in some 
 parts, it is composed of light clay on a substratum of impervi- 
 ous yellow clay ; about Duleek the soil is deep, rich, and warm, 
 equally adapted for tillage or grazing; lime-stone rock and 
 lime-stone gravel abound throughout the whole of this district. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Bat oath. 
 
 Bal ly m agl asson, 
 Creekstown, 
 Donaghmore, 
 Greenogue, 
 
 Kilbrew, 
 Killeglan, 
 Rathregan, 
 Dunshaughlin, 
 
 Rathbeggan, 
 Ratoath, 
 CookstowUj 
 Mil town. 
 
 From the village of Grenogue a road running to the left leads 
 to Slane, at the thirteen mile stone are the ruins of an old 
 church to the left ; at the fourteen mile stone is the delightful 
 seat of Kilbrew, and a church stands to the left ; beyond the 
 fifteen'mile stone there is a church, and a road on the right leads 
 to Duleek ; at the sixteen mile stone are the ruins of Macetown 
 Castle to the left ; at the seventeen mile stone are the ruins of 
 an old church, to the left. The soil of this district is chiefly 
 composed of stiff tenacious clay, under which strong blue 
 lime-stone gravel is invariably found ; every effort to drain this 
 ground proves ineffectual, unless the cut be sunk to the gravel 
 lying beneath the intervening stratum of yellow clay ; by sucli 
 an operation it is entirely freed from surface water. The scar« 
 city of fuel prevents the use of lime, and therefore gravel is ge- 
 nerally substituted ; a rich vein of potters* clay has been dis- 
 covered at Brownstown near Dunshaughlin, deemed superior 
 to any found in Staffordshire, 
 
15$ 
 
 NEW traveller's gujdh 
 
 ravishes in the Barony of SJcrync. 
 
 Ardmnlcan, 
 
 Dunsany, 
 
 Follistov/n, 
 
 Monkstown, 
 
 Rathfeigli, 
 
 Athlumny, 
 
 Danestown, 
 
 Dowestown, 
 
 Killeen, 
 
 8kryne, 
 
 Tara, 
 
 Timolc, 
 
 Trivet, 
 
 CuUenstowii, 
 
 Kilcarn, 
 
 Macetown, 
 
 Lismullen, 
 
 Odder. 
 
 At tlie nineteen mile stone stands the Black Lion, and a 
 cross road runs right and left ; at the twenty mile stone the 
 beautiful mansion and demesne of Somerville is situated on the 
 right. Kenistown church is situated on the left, and a cross road 
 runs to the left ; between the twenty-first and twenty-second 
 mile stone a cr oss road runs right and left ; at the twxnty-third 
 mile stone a cross road to the right runs on the south side of the 
 Boyne to Drogheda, and another on the left leads to Navan. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Slane, 
 
 Kiliary, 
 
 Drumconrath, 
 
 Gernanstown, 
 
 Grangegeeth, 
 
 Mitchelstown, 
 
 Monk ne vvto wn, 
 Slane, 
 Stackalien, 
 Dowth, 
 
 Inismouthy, 
 Sydan, 
 Ardagh, 
 Loughbraccan, 
 
 Grenogue 
 Black Lion 
 Slane 
 
 2h Slane hy Grenogue. 
 
 Miles. 
 
 91 
 51 
 
 91 
 19 
 24i 
 
 Hlanc — Is delightfully situated on the northern bank of the 
 Boyne ; this town in the time of Hugh D'Lacey, though now- 
 reduced to a village, constituted one of the boroughs in the pa- 
 latinate of Meath ; the hermitage of Eiro, situated south of the 
 town, contiguous to the fiver, derives its name from its foun- 
 der, consecrated first Bishop of Slane by St. Patrick ; an abbey 
 also was erected at a very early period, on a hill at an incon- 
 siderable distance from the hermitage, in this peaceful asylum, 
 Dagobert king of Austratia received that preparatory education, 
 befitting the elevated station, which, after twenty years exile, 
 
rOR IRELAND. 
 
 159 
 
 he was destined to fill. The Castle of Slane built by the 
 family of Lord Slane, as well as the estates thereto pertaining, 
 were forfeited in the rebellion of 1641 ; this ancient and venerable 
 structure is now in the possession of Earl Conyngham, who is 
 decorating it with the graceful ornaments of architectural splen- 
 dour, to render it a superb and magnificent residence : this state- 
 ly mansion is surrounded by an extensive and tastefully planted 
 demesne, through which the Boyne winds its silver streams ; 
 the flour-mills of Slane, built on a most extensive scale, merit 
 particular inspection, both for the ingenious contrivance of the 
 machinery, and the magnitude of the edifice. This district, it 
 is said, was the original settlement of the Belgians, who emi- 
 grated from Britain about 350 years before the Christian a^ra, 
 where the tombs of the original chiefs still exist to commemo- 
 rate the event, known at present by the Mounts or Tumili 
 of New Grange, which, in after ages, became places for Druidic 
 sacrifices in honour of the Earth. 
 
 From Slane a cross road runs to the right, on the north side 
 of the Boyne, to Drogheda ; and another to the left passes by 
 Slane Castle to Stackallen ; the direct road forks into two 
 branches, that to the right runs towards Collen, and the left 
 section leads to Newtown, Fortescue, and thence to Ardee. This 
 Barony is the most hilly in the county ; its soil is a light earth 
 upon a stiff clay bottom, under which lime-stone gravel is fre- 
 quently discovered ; fuel is very scarce in this district, there be- 
 ing few or no bogs in the vicinity ; coal smute hath been dis- 
 covered in the upper part of this Barony, but as yet this inva- 
 luable source of treasure to enterprizing individuals, and of 
 comfort to the inhabitants, remains unnoticed and unexplored ; 
 there is a fine quarry of vitrescent stone in this district, very fit 
 for flagging, as it retains no moisture on its surface. At the 
 eighth mile stone, Meath County commences on the road lead- 
 ing by Ratoath to Navan ; near the nine mile stone stands Kil- 
 bride Church to the right, and a cross road runs right and left i 
 at the ten mile stone are the beautiful mansion and demesne of 
 Kilbrue ; at the eleven mile stone are the ruins of an old church 
 to the right. 
 
 Ratoath — Distant twelve miles and three quarters from 
 Dubhn, is but an indiflerent poor village, which, previous to 
 the union, returned two members to the Irish Parliament. The 
 church is erected on the ruins of an old abbey, dedicated to 
 the invocation of St. Mary Magdalene, some fragments of which 
 still remain ; near the church is a lofty and conspicuous mount ; 
 here Malachy the First held the third convention of the states of 
 
160 
 
 NEW TRAVELLEIl*S GUIDE 
 
 the kingdom. A cross road runs to the right ; near the fourteen 
 mile stone a cross road runs right and left. 
 
 Skryne Village^U distant nineteen miles and a half from the 
 Castle of Dubhn : the church stands on the right, and the ruins 
 of an old castle are situated on the left ; it gave the title of Baron 
 to the ancient family of Marwood, the roads in this vicinage 
 afford a beautiful prospect of the surrounding country ; on this 
 side of the twenty-first mile stone, the road from Trim unites, 
 mid the ruins of an old castle lie to the right, hence the road 
 to Navan runs along both banks of the Boyne. 
 
 To Navan by Jiatoaih* 
 
 Miles, 
 
 Ratoath - - - - - i2| 
 Skryne - - £ - 6J 19f 
 
 Navan - - - - - 6| 26 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Navan. 
 
 Ardbraccan, 
 
 Ardsallagh, 
 
 Bective, 
 
 Clonmacduff, 
 
 Liscartan, 
 
 Moymet, 
 
 Navan, 
 
 Donaghmore, 
 
 Martry, 
 
 Newtown, 
 
 Ratane, 
 
 Rathkenny, 
 
 Trim, 
 
 Churchtown, 
 Kilcooly, 
 Tullaghenoguc, 
 Trimelstown. 
 
 Navan — Is delightfully situated on the vrestern bank of the 
 Boyne, it consists of two streets, which intersect each other 
 at right angles ; the Tholsel is an handsome stone building ; 
 this town was walled and fortified by Hugh DXacy ; it gave 
 the title of Baron to the family of Nangle ; an abbey for regular 
 canons was erected here, on the site of which the horse bar- 
 rack now stands ; in the burial ground are the remains of many 
 ancient tombs; it is a place of considerable trade, occupied by 
 many opulent inhabitants, busily employed in various industrious 
 departments. Here the Black- Water falls into the Boyne, which 
 is navigable up to this town ; within a mile of Navan are the 
 ruins of Donaghmore Church, where there is a round tower 
 seventy feet high ; a road runs, on the south side of the Boyne, 
 between Navan and Slane ; and a road to the left, passing by Ard- 
 braccan,runs to Kells,on the south side of the Black- Water ; from 
 the lower extremity of the town two roads issue, that to the right 
 runs to Nobber, and the other on the left leads to Kells ; on 
 
rOR IRELAND. 
 
 161 
 
 the north side of the Black- Water, wliere all the cross roads 
 running in on the left from the Nobber road, join at nearly cor- 
 responding points to the opposite section. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of MorgalUon, 
 
 Clongill, 
 Drakestown, 
 Dun mow, 
 Kilberry, 
 
 Kilpatrick, 
 Knock, 
 Kilshinny, 
 Nobber. 
 
 AT/Z^^rrj/,— Situated on the road leading from Navan to 
 Newcastle, is distant twenty-seven miles from Dublin 
 Castle ; a cross road runs right and left, and the church stands 
 on the right ; on this side of the twenty-ninth mile stone a 
 cross road runs right and left, and the ruins of an old 
 castle lie to the left ; on this side of the thirtieth mile 
 stone, a cross road leads to the right; near the thirty- 
 first mile stone, a diagonal cross road runs right and left ; 
 on this side of the thirty-second mile-stone, a cross road runs 
 right and left, at the thirty-third mile stone, a cross road 
 leads to the left. 
 
 Nobber^ — Distant thirty-three and half miles from Dub- 
 lin, is remarkable for being the birth-place of Turlogh 
 O'Carrolan, the blind Irish bard, born in the year 1670, 
 who died in March, 1738, and was buried in the Parish Church 
 of Kilronan, Diocese of Ardagh, — whose tuaelul lays, if care-- 
 fully and faithfully collected, would immortalize him as a 
 prodigy of harmony. — A sloping cross road leads to the 
 left. 
 
 Newcastle^ — Distant 36| miles from Dublin Castle, is 
 situated on the verge of the County. A road issues on 
 the left from Navan to Kells; the soil of Navan Barony 
 is generally a rich earth of varous depths, on a substra- 
 tum of lime-stone gravel, lime-stone rock, and in some parts 
 ferrugenous clay ; with some trifling exceptions, most of this 
 district is equally adapted for tillage or grazing. In the 
 demesne of Ardbraccan i^ a fine lime-stone quarry, of 
 a white grain ; the beds lie horizontally ; the stone is 
 capable of exquisite polish, and makes neat chimney 
 pieces. The soil of Morgaliion Barony, may be deemed a 
 deep rich, loam, equally adapted for grazing or for til- 
 lage; two extensive bogs, and some smaller ones dispersed 
 through this district, reijder fuel a cheap and plentiful 
 article ; Bear Knock, there is a plastic aroillaceoiis 
 
 V 
 
f62 
 
 NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 clay, mingled with ferriigcnous particles, which is maniv 
 factured into a coarse pottery, adapted for the use of the 
 peasantry. N*ar this manufactory is a chalybeate spring, 
 which has been successfully tried in diseases arising from 
 debility : — no traces of coal have as yet been discovered 
 Ml this district. 
 
 Parishes in the Burony of Dunhoyne. 
 Bunboync, Kilbride. 
 
 On the road leading from Dublin to Trim, Meath 
 County begins at 
 
 Clonee Bridge j — distant seven miles from Dublin Castle ; 
 at the eighth mile stone a cross road to the left, passes through 
 Dunboyne, and thence to Maynooth ; at the ten mile stone, tiie 
 road forks into two branches, that to the right leads to 
 
 Dunshaughliriy — Situated at thefourteen milestone ; here an ab- 
 bey was founded in the year 4 39, by St. Seachlin, which was 
 burned in the year 1043, on the site of which the present 
 church is erected ; on the breaking out of the rebellion in the 
 year 1 798^- the lleverend Mr. Nelson, his brother-in-law, and 
 gardener, were most wantonly and barbarously murdered in 
 this town by a banditti of rebels,, merely because they were 
 Protestants; similar atrocities were, at the same time, committed 
 at Dunboyne, from similar motives of sanguinary fanaticism. 
 See Miisgrave* s History, vol. 1, page 276. — A road branches to the 
 left, and another to the right ; irom the village, a new line of 
 road running more to the right, along the flatSy is traced to 
 Navan ; at the sixteenth mile stone are the ruins of an old 
 castle and a church ; a cross road runs to the left ; and a lit- 
 tle farther on stands Dunsany Castle, the residence of Baron 
 Dunsany, and also Killeen Castle, the property of Lord Fingal, 
 lies in the same direction ; — at the eighteen mile stone are the- 
 ruins of an old church to the left ; at the nineteen mile stone 
 stands 
 
 Tora Hill, — Anciently Temora^ so celebrated in the legen- 
 dary tales of Irish Bards, for being the residence of Irish mo- 
 narchs in ancient times, whose palaces must have been- con- 
 structed of Wattles, as no vestiges of more durable mate- 
 rials exist to testify, and record this imaginary splendour. 
 The great fort on the south side of this redouted hill, is 
 generally admitted to have been erected by Turgesius, the 
 Jistnish king, in the year 838, who fixed his head-quar* 
 
FOB IRELAND. 
 
 tcrs ^vithin this clayey fortress, while lie was subduing 
 Meath. It is an outrage on probability to suppose, that a 
 crafty invader would undertake the unnecessary trouble of 
 inclosing seven acres with such stupendous labour, had 
 this strong military post afforded any previously construc- 
 ted shekel', or protection, to secure him from a surprise, 
 and enable him leizurely to devise subsequent operations* 
 The mud-built ramparts defy all the efforts of scepticism 
 to deny their existence; similar reasoning, deduced from 
 facts, could readily prpve the reality of Tara magnificence^ 
 had a trace of fallen greatness remained to support the 
 argument. On this hill a numerous band of rebels was defeated 
 with prodigious slaughter, on the 26th day of May, 1798, by a 
 few yeomanry, and a detachment of the Kay Fencibles, com- 
 manded by Loi'ds Tara and Fingal; these noblemen displayed 
 invincible intrepidity, consummate judgment, and deliberate 
 coolness, on this memorable day. Their united efforts and 
 splendid victory, totally discomfited the ulterior operations and 
 subsequent proceedings of the disaffected in this quarter. Near 
 the nineteenth mile-stone, stands Tara Church to the left : and 
 a little farther on, is situated Castletown village, and a cross 
 road runs right and left. The land of Dunboyne Barony nearly 
 resembles the contiguous district of Ratoath, not only in the 
 flat uniform appearance of an unvaried surface, but likewise in 
 a similarity of soil, both equally destitute of any external iudi- 
 cations announcing internal treasures. 
 
 To Ne^isccastle^ by Clonce, 
 
 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Clonee 
 
 • • • 
 
 
 7 
 
 Black-bull 
 
 
 
 m 
 
 Dunshaughlin 
 
 
 34 
 
 14. 
 
 Tara Hill 
 
 * • • 
 
 5 
 
 19 
 
 Navan 
 
 
 4l 
 
 231 
 
 Nobber 
 
 • • • 
 
 
 33;J 
 
 Newcastle 
 
 
 34 
 
 364 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Deece, 
 
 Agher, 
 
 Assay, 
 
 Balfeighan, 
 
 Balroddan, 
 
 Balsoon, 
 
 Dirpatriek, 
 
 Drumlargan, 
 
 Gallow, 
 
 Knockraark, 
 
 Trubly, 
 
 Colmolin, 
 
 Galtrim 
 
 Kilclone, 
 Kilimessan, 
 Kihnore, 
 Moy glare, 
 JScurloughstowu, 
 
hiuw traveller's guide 
 
 Tlie road hrancliing to the left from the Biack-bull, leads to 
 Trim. At the twelfth mile-stone, a cross road runs to the left ; 
 at the fourteenth mile-stone, a cross road runs right and lef ; at 
 the fifteenth mile-stone, a cross road runs right and left ; at the 
 seventeenth mile-stone, a cross road runs right and left. On this 
 side of the eighteenth mile-stone, stands the village of Grange, 
 remarkable for a vaulted cave in the form of a cross, with a 
 gallery leading to it under a mount, which has been discovered 
 to be the roof of an heathen temple. Within two miles of 
 Trim, on the right, are the ruins of Scurloughstown Castle ; 
 near Trim is the bridge of Newtown, and the ruins of a priory. 
 Between this bridge and Trim, are the ruins of Newtown 
 Abbey, and nearly opposite stand the ruins of a considerable 
 monastery. On the eastern bank of the Boyne, the roads issuing 
 from Kiicock and Castle-Jordan unite. 
 
 To Old Castle^ hij Trim. 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Trim . . . . — 221 
 
 Atkboy . . * . 6 28J 
 
 Clonmellan ... 44 321 
 
 Ballynaganny ... 7i 40? 
 Old Castle ' . . . . 1 | 41i 
 
 Trim — Is a small tov/n, situated on the river Boyne, where 
 the County assizes are held. The goal is an handsome, strong 
 building. This town returned two members to the Irish Parlia- 
 ment, previous to the Union. It was formerly w^alled, and defend- 
 ed by a strong castle, built close to the river. There were many 
 religious foundations in this town ; in the year 432, St. Patrick 
 founded an abbey for canon regulars, dedicated to the Virgin 
 Mary, and consecrated his nephev/ St. Loman, Bishop of Trim. 
 The steeple of the abbey w as a lofty, handsome, square tower, 
 partly demolished by Cromwell, against whom it made an 
 obstinate resistance, and baffled all his efforts for a considerable 
 time. Here also are the ruins of different friaries, and of a large 
 castle, said to have been the residence of King John : parliaments 
 were held here at different periods. There is a Charter-school 
 for forty children, and a barrack built on the site of the old 
 abbey. It is governed by a Sovereign, Recorder, and Town 
 Clerk. From the lower end of the town two cross roads issue 
 to the right, one leading to Navan, distant seven miles, and 
 the other to Ardbraccan Palace, built in the neatest stile of 
 chaste simplicity, by the Hon. Doctor Maxwell, late Bishop 
 
lt>5 
 
 of Meatli. A cross road to the left, passing by TremblestowD, 
 the residence of Lord Tremblestown, runs through Brachh'n- 
 bog, and thence into the County of Westmeath, the direct 
 road leads to Athbov. 
 
 To Moijualfy^ hif Navan. 
 
 Navan 
 
 Kells 
 
 Moynalty 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 23\ 
 
 71 
 
 3^ 
 
 S5i 
 
 At 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Lune. 
 
 Moyagher, Athboy, Killiconigan, 
 
 Rathmore, Kiklalky, 
 
 the twenty-sixth inile-stone, are tl^ ruins of an old 
 church to the right, and on this side of the twenty-eight mile- 
 stone, are the ruins of an old castle to the left. Athboy is situated 
 on a small river of the same name ; previous to the Union it 
 was a borough, returning two members to the Irish Parliament. 
 Here was a friary of the order of the Blessed Virgin of Mount 
 CarmeL The road issuing to the right, leads to Kells, distant 
 six miles, and that to the left, leads to MuUingar. The direct 
 road leading to Cross-keys, enters Westmeath County at 
 Giltown-bog, and again re-enters Meath at Clonmellan village. 
 
 in the half Barony of Fovore. 
 
 Killough, Louchcrew, 
 
 Parishes 
 Castlecor, 
 
 Clonabreny, Moilogh, Old Castle. 
 
 Killallan, Diamor, 
 
 On this side of the thirty-fifth mile-ctone, are the ruins of 
 a church and castle ; Crossakeale cross road runs to the right. 
 
 Cross-keys 'village is distant thirty-seven miles from Dublin Cas- 
 tle ; a cross road to the right, intersected at Diamor Church, by 
 a road passing from Clonmellan to Loughbrew, runs to Crossa- 
 keale ; and another to the left, leads towards MullingTtr ; the di- 
 rect road runs towards Granard ; a little beyonci this village, 
 the county terminates in this direction. 
 
 To Cross-keys, by BhcJc-hnU, 
 
 Black-bull 
 
 Grange 
 
 Trim 
 
 Athboy 
 
 Cross-keys 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 
 
 71 
 
 18 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 
 8^- 
 
 
l^G KEVr traveller's GUID3S 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Kelts, 
 
 Castlekyran, Moynalty, Kells, 
 
 Cruisf'town, Newtown, Stahalmucl^, 
 
 Imlagb, llobertstown, Burry, 
 
 Kilbe/^, Telltown, Dunleene, 
 
 Kilmaiiiliamwood, Donaghpatrick, Rathboyne, 
 Kilskyre, Girly, 
 
 KellSy — Is pleasantly situated on the southern bank of the 
 Black- Water, it was a borough returning two members to the 
 Irish Parliament, and gives the title of Viscount to the noble 
 family of Cholmondelly. It was walled, and fortified with 
 towers by the English settlers. In the year 1 178, a strong castle 
 was erected, on whose site the market-house now stands ; 
 opposite to which is a stone cros?, ornamented with curibus 
 inscriptions in the ancient Irish caracter; in the church-yard, 
 near the church of St. Sinan, is a round tower ninety feet high, 
 whose roof terminates in a point ; St. Columb about the year 
 510, founded a celebrated abbey here for regular canons, dedi- 
 cated to the Virgin Mary. Kells was an episcopal see until the 
 23th century, when it was united to Meath; Columb-kiirs 
 f tone-roofed chapel still resists the gnawing tooth of all-corro- 
 ding time, and is supposed to be the first stone built structure 
 <)rected in Ireland. On this side of Kells, all the roads from 
 the upper part of the county running in this direction unite ; 
 the road running to the left leads to Crossakeale, and thence to 
 Killaugh ; the direct road leads towards Monalty ; near Kells 
 on the right is Headfort, the magnificent mansion of the Marquis 
 of Bective, surrounded with a very extensive and beautifully 
 planted demesne, commanding a great variety of most enchant- 
 ing prospects ; the gxirdens aud offices are tastefully designed in 
 a corresponding stile of splendid elegance. At the thirty-third 
 mile stone a cross road runs to the right ; .at the thirty-fourth 
 fnile stone, stands a church on the left. 
 
 To Elells^ hy Kilcoch 
 
 Sumraerhill 
 Trim 
 
 Dunderrv Bridge 
 Kells ' . 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 
 20 
 
 5 
 
 25 
 
 3 
 
 28 
 
 Si 
 
 361 
 
 Moynalty Village, — Is situated on a river of the same name, 
 and is distant thirty-five miles and one quarter from Dubliu 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 Castle, the church is situated on the left ; near the thirty-nine 
 mile stone stand the ruins of an old castle to the left, and at 
 the forty mile^stone the county terminates in this direction ; at 
 Stone-brook the Crossakeale road road forks into two branches, 
 that to the right leads to Old Castle, distant forty-one- miles 
 and one quarter from Dublin Castle ; a cross road on the left 
 leads to Ballingamny ; the church is situated on the right ; at 
 the extremity of the county in this direction is situated the 
 Church of Castlecor to the right. — The soil of this Barony may 
 be termed a deep rich loam extremely productive, and equally 
 fit for tillage or for pasture. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of MoyfenratJu 
 
 Castlericard, Rath core, Castle- Jordan, 
 
 Clonard, Kathmolian, Killion. 
 
 Larracor, Ballybogan, 
 
 From Kilcock, already described, a cross road to the rights 
 passes by Summerhill to Trim, distant ten miles from this 
 town, a cross road to the right runs from the new Inn to Sum- 
 merhill, where it vmites with the Kilcock road. 
 
 Clonard^ — Is situated on the western mail coach road, and 
 distant twenty-six miles from Dublin Castle, though now an 
 inconsiderable village, it was anciently a Bishop's See ; about 
 the year 520, an abbey was founded here by St. Finian, and also 
 a school, celebrated for having produced many learned men : 
 there was also a nunnery for regular canoncsses, dedicated to 
 the Virgin Mary, and richly endowed by O'Melaghan King 
 of Meath ; the bishopricks of Clonard, Trim, Ardbraccan, 
 Dunshaughlin, Slanc, and Fowre, were all consolidated about 
 the year 1152, and united to Meath about the beginning of 
 the 13th century; some portions of the abbey still remain, 
 where are some curious but mutilated monuments. In the re- 
 bellion of 1798, a brilliant achievement was accomplished by 
 twenty-seven brave yeomen, commanded by Lieutenant Tyrrel 
 of Dunfort, who being attacked by an immense column of re- 
 bel infantry and three hundred cavalry, rcpulscil them witk 
 great slaughter, after six hours arduous combat. — See Mus- 
 grave's History oftliis action. Two cross roads issue to the 
 right, one runs to Trim, and another to Athboy ; a cross road 
 to the left leads to Castle- Jordan ; the county terminates at 
 Kinnegad Bridge, where a cross road runs right and left. 
 
168 
 
 NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 A list of Fairs held ever?/ month in the Year, 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Time 
 
 
 Jan, 
 
 Warrenstown . . 
 
 1 
 
 Oldcastle ► . . 
 
 11 
 
 Athboy 
 
 21 
 
 
 Feb. 
 
 Longwood . . . 
 
 2 
 
 I>rumbride . . . 
 
 12 
 
 Kells 
 
 25 
 
 Kildalkey . . . 
 
 27 
 
 
 Mar, 
 
 Carlanstown Bridge . 
 
 12 
 
 Duleek , . . . 
 
 25 
 
 
 27 
 
 - 
 
 Apr, 
 
 Slane 
 
 2 
 
 Kilmainhaniwood • 
 
 14 
 
 Ratoath .... 
 
 18 
 
 Navan .... 
 
 19 
 
 Rathmolian 
 
 19 
 
 Nobber . , . 
 
 25 
 
 Warren stov/n . . 
 
 26 
 
 Siimmerhill . . 
 
 SO 
 
 — 
 
 Carlanstown Bridge 
 
 May 
 
 1 
 
 Duleek .... 
 
 3 
 
 Athboy .... 
 
 4 
 
 Kilmainhamwood . 
 
 5 
 
 Ardeath .... 
 
 7 
 
 Trim .... 
 
 8 
 
 Crossakeale . . . 
 
 9 
 
 Oristown . . . 
 
 13 
 
 Kildalkey . . . 
 
 14 
 
 Bective Bridge . . 
 
 16 
 
 Arm aghbregagh 
 
 
 Musphedder . . 
 
 23 
 
 Nobber .... 
 
 25 
 
 Kells 
 
 26 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Time 
 
 
 June 
 
 Bramhall . . . 
 
 1 
 
 Ratoath .... 
 
 1 
 
 Slane .... 
 
 2 
 
 Ratoath .... 
 
 5 
 
 Lonorwood . - . 
 
 8 
 
 1 Ml 
 
 Summerhill . . . 
 
 0 
 
 Dunshaii'jhlin . . 
 
 11 
 
 Oldcastle . . . 
 
 14 
 
 Navan .... 
 
 14 
 
 Kilmainhamwood 
 
 16 
 
 Trim 
 
 16 
 
 Belgree .... 
 
 17 
 
 Nobber .... 
 
 20 
 
 Ardeath .... 
 
 21 
 
 Warrenstown , , 
 
 22 
 
 Duleek .... 
 
 24 
 
 Dunboync . . . 
 
 July 
 
 9 
 
 Longwood . . 
 
 12 
 
 Oldcastle . . . 
 
 12 
 
 Armaghbregagh 
 
 19 
 
 
 Aug. 
 
 Athboy .... 
 
 4 
 
 Carlanstown . . 
 
 6 
 
 Kildalkey . . . 
 
 9 
 
 Nobber . . . 
 
 15 
 
 Crossakeale . . . 
 
 16 
 
 Oldcastle . . . 
 
 20 
 
 Garretstown . . 
 . 
 
 26 
 
 
 Sep. 
 
 blane .... 
 
 2 
 
 Warrenstown . . 
 
 9 
 
 Kells 
 
 9 
 
 Navan .... 
 
 13 
 
 Oldcastle . . . 
 
 13 
 
 Summerhill . . . 
 
 22 
 
 Ballybogan . . , 
 
 25 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 1G9 
 
 Places wfi£re held. 
 
 Time 
 
 Nov. 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Tims 
 
 Sep. 
 
 Rathmoliaii . . . 
 
 29 
 
 Slane 
 
 Mulphedder , . . 
 Nobber .... 
 
 Trim 
 
 Carlanstown . . 
 Ratoath .... 
 
 8 
 13 
 14? 
 lo 
 19 
 10 
 
 Trim 
 
 Skryne .... 
 Oristown . . . 
 
 OcL 
 1 
 10 
 11 
 
 Nobber . . . 
 Kells 
 
 V3 
 16 
 
 CamuUin . . . 
 Sammerhill . . . 
 
 21 
 
 Duleek .... 
 Armabreofa^h . . 
 Ardeath .... 
 
 18 
 18 
 27 
 
 
 
 Bram-hall . . . 
 
 Dec, 
 1 
 
 Oldcastle .... 
 Kilmainhamvvood . 
 
 28 
 30 
 
 Navan .... 
 Armabregagh . . 
 Dunsliauglilin 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 1 1\ 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 
 Nov. 
 
 Longwood . . . 
 
 11 
 
 Bective Bridge . . 
 Crossakeale . . . 
 
 1 
 
 o 
 
 Kildalkey . . . 
 Oldcastle . . . 
 
 13 
 13 
 
 Athboy , ^ , , 
 
 7 
 
 Crossakeale . . * 
 
 15 
 
 z 
 
170 
 
 NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 COUNTY OF WESTMEATH. 
 
 The County of Westmeath — Is bounded on the north, 
 by Cavan ; on the east, by Eastmeath ; on the south, by the 
 King's County ; on the north-west, by Longford ; and on the 
 west, by the river Shannon, which separates it from Roscom- 
 mon. Its greatest extent from east to west, is about 33 Irish 
 miles ; and from north to south, about 27 Irish miles. Its 
 surface comprises 24'9,94'3 acres, Irish plantation measure, 
 including bogs, mountain, and waste. It contains twelve 
 Baronies: Moygeesh, Corkerry, Moyashill, Magheredernon, 
 Delvin, Farbill, Raconrath, Kilkenny- West, Brawny, Clon- 
 lonan, Moycashel, Fartullagh, and Half Fowre, which are 
 divided into fifty-nine parishes. This County is agreeably 
 interspersed with a considerable number of beautiful lakes, of 
 w^hich, Lough Leign, Lough Derrivaragh, Lough Iron, Lough 
 Ennel, Lough Drin, (the trout of which lake havt an emetic 
 quality,)and Lough Annagh are the most extensive. The Shannon 
 is the most considerable river that waters this County, and 
 constitutes its western boundary, to divide it from Connaught. 
 This district is much incumbered with reclaimable bogs. Its 
 soil is fertile, and equally adapted for tillage, or for pasture. 
 
 Parhhes in the Barony of Farbill. 
 Killucan, Kinnegad. 
 
 ROADS. 
 
 ' On the mail-coach road, passing from Dublin to Athlone, 
 Westmeath County commences at the twenty-ninth mile-stone. 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 171 
 
 Kinnegad, — Is a long stragglin g, village, distant twenty-nine 
 miles and a half from the Castle of Dublin, much frequented by 
 travellers of every description, for whose accommodation houses 
 of entertainment abound, fitted up in a corresponding stile to 
 suit either the weary pedestrian or the wealthy squire. A 
 road issuing on the right, leads to MuUingar ; two cross roads 
 branch off to the left; here is a plain neat church. Within 
 a mile of the town, are the ruins of Ardmullen Castle, situated 
 on the summit of a lofty hill. At the thirty-second mile-stone, 
 the road from Philipstown unites on the left ; the ruins of an 
 old castle are situated on the left, and the ruins of Lowtown 
 Church on the right. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of FartuUogh* 
 
 Car rick, EnniscofFy, Molyscar, 
 
 Castle) ost, Kilbride, Kilbride vasty. 
 
 Clonfadforan, Lynn> 
 
 ROADS. 
 
 At the thirty-third mile-stone, stands the village of Kilbride- 
 Pass ; near this village are the ruins of an old church and two 
 ancient castles; beyond the thirty-fourth mile-stone, the road 
 from MuUingar unites on the right. At the thirty-sixth mile- 
 stone, stands Gaulstown Church on the right, situated near 
 the demesne of Gaulstown Park, the superb residence of Lord 
 Kilmaine. At the village of Ratehine, in this Barony, Saint 
 Ciirthag founded a celebrated monastery, where he collected 
 867 monks, who, by their industry, supported the establishment, 
 and succoured the neighbouring poor; here also a splendid 
 academy was established, resorted to by numerous pupils. In 
 630, King Blathmac forcibly seized the abbey, and expelled 
 the monks. It is supposed that Constantine, King of the Bri- 
 tons, having resigned his crown, retired to this abbey, where 
 lie termmated his existence. At the thirty-seventh mile-stone, 
 stands the small village of Beggar's Bridge; near this village 
 are the ruins of an old castle, situated on the right. This 
 vicinity is thickly interspersed with elegant country scats, and 
 beautiful demesnes, occupied by private gentlemen. 
 
172 NEW TRAVELLETi's GUIDE 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Moycashel. 
 
 NcwtownfartuUagh, Ardnurcher, Rathue. 
 Vastina, Kilciimriragh, 
 
 Tijrrirs-Pass — Ts a neat, small village, distant forty miles 
 fi om the Castle of Dublin ; here are the ruins of an ancient 
 castle, decnaed a place of consequence, in the various feuds 
 which frequently desolated this devoted island. The road from 
 Philipstowu unites on the left, and the road from MuUingar 
 joins on the right. In 630, St. Cronan founded an abbey on 
 the river Brosna, in this Barony. At the forty-second mile- 
 stone, a cross road on the left, branches towards Tullamore. 
 
 Kilbcggan — Is a middling sized village, distant forty-four miles 
 and a quarter from the Castle of Dublin, and agreeably situated 
 on the river Brosna, over v/hich a good stone bridge is erected. 
 An abbey was erected here by St. Becan, cotemporary with St. 
 Columb. In 1200, a monastery was founded here by the family 
 of Dalton, dedicated to the Virgin Mary, and supposed to 
 have been erected on the site of the abbey. This monastery, with 
 all its extensive possessions, were voluntarily surrendered to 
 Henry the Eighth, and were afterwards granted to Robert 
 Dillon and his heirs, by Queen Elizabeth ; here the roads from 
 Tullamore and Philipstown, unite on the left, and the road 
 from MuUingar joins on the right. 'Xhe road leading to Shan- 
 non Bridge, branches off to the left ; about a mile and a half 
 from this town, is situated the ancient village of Moycashel, 
 whence the Barony derives its name, where are the ruins of 
 a venerable old castle. Kilbeggan was a borough previous to 
 the Union. At the forty-seventh mile-stone, the road enters 
 the King's County ; across road on the left branches off to 
 Tullamore, and a road from MuUingar unites on the right, at 
 Tlorseleap Church. At the forty-eighth mile-stone, a cross 
 road leads from MuUingar on the right, and a little farther on, 
 a cross road from Bailimon unites on the right; at the forty- 
 ninth mile-stone, are the ruins of an old castle on the lelt; 
 at the fifty-first mile-stone, the road re-enters the County of 
 '^Vestmeath. 
 
 Parishes in the Baro7iy of Clonlonan, 
 Baliyloghloe, Killcleagh, 
 
rOR IRELAND. 
 
 173 
 
 Moat'a-{jrenogue, — Distant fifty-two miles from t]ie Castle of 
 Dublin, is a neat small town, where there is an excellent Inn, 
 plentifully supplied for the accommodation of passengers. — 
 The church is a neat modern erected structure, adorned witii 
 a lofty square steeple; here the roads from Mullingar and 
 TuUamore unite. At the fifty-third mile-stone, are the ruins 
 of two old castles, one on the right, and another on the left; 
 and a little farther on, a cross road to Shannon Bridge branchef^ 
 off on the left. At the fifty-fifth mile-stone, the road from 
 Ballymahon unites on the right; the road from Fearbanc joins 
 on the left. At the fifty-sixth mile-stone, is situated Bailinahon, 
 the residence c: i^ord Sunderlin, At the fifty-seventh mile- 
 stone, a road from Fearbane unites on the left ; and on tlic 
 right is situated the fine mansion and beautiful demesne of 
 Craggan. At the fifty-eighth milc-stone, are the venerable 
 juins of Garey Castle, situated on the right. 
 
 Parishes in ihc Bar out/ of Bra^jcny. 
 
 That portion of Athlone lying on the Lcinster side of i\\ 
 Shannon, Drumrangy. 
 
 ROADS. 
 
 At the fifty-ninth mile-stone, the road from Mullingar unites 
 on the right, and a little fiirther on, the road from Ballymahon 
 approaches in the same direction. 
 
 Athlone^ — Distant fifty-nine miles and a half from the Castle 
 of Dublin, is built on both sides of the river Shannon, united 
 by a long, narrow, ancient stone bridge, erected over a very 
 impetuous current, which swells to agreatheight after heavy rain.s; 
 it is governed by a sovereign, bailiffs, and recorder. Its extensive 
 barracks are erected on the western bank of the Shannon, in 
 that portion of the town situated in the barony of Athlone and 
 County of Roscommon. These barracks have been lately 
 enlarged, and all the surrounding eminences strongly fortified,^ 
 in a manner corresponding to the importance of so commandin^f 
 a military station, whence succour may be expeditiously sei.t 
 to any turbulent district, or invaded quarter ; it being nearly 
 situated in the centre of the kingdom, and possessing the 
 singular advantage of an extensive water conveyance. A 
 monastery was founded here by O'Connor Prince of Connau^lil^ 
 
74. 
 
 NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 wliich was completed by Sir Henry Dillon, and the great 
 church was consecrated by Albert, Archbishop of Armagh in 
 12 tl. There was also another monastery erected on the 
 Connaught side of the river, dedicated to St. Peter. In the 
 centre of the bridge was erected a monument, on which the 
 arms and escutcheon of Queen Elizabeth were emblazoned. — - 
 The castle, situated on an eminence commanding the river, 
 was rendered still more formidable by the construction of an 
 additional tower, erected by King John. The castle contained 
 apartments suitable to the accommodation of the president of 
 Connaught, and governor of the castle, whose permanent 
 residence was established here. A tower situated in the centre, 
 was exclusively appropriated for the preservation of warlike 
 stores. On the dissolution of the presidency, the castle, with 
 all its appurtenances, were granted to the grandson of Lord 
 Renelagh. The castle and the town were consumed by fire, 
 in the furious and fanatic rebellion of 164<1, — This town gives 
 the title of Earl to the family of Ginkle, in commemoration of 
 tliat intrepid general's heroically forcing a passage across this 
 formidable river, in the face of the Irish army, posted by St. 
 Ruth, King James' redoubted French general, to guard this 
 important pass. It is inhabited by opulent shopkeepers, traders, 
 and chapmen of various descriptions, and it carries on a con- 
 siderable inland retail trade. Its different houses of entertain- 
 ment are numerous, and adapted to the diversified habits of the 
 miscellaneous passengers ; near this town is a chalybeate spa, 
 deemed efficacious in chronic diseases ; it returns one mem- 
 ber to the United Parliament. A canal is cut on the western 
 bank of the river, to open a water communication with Limer- 
 ick, and also with Dublin, by the Grand Canal: here an 
 extensive Eel Wire is constructed across the Shannon. On 
 the road leading from Kinnegad to MuUingar, at the thirty- 
 second mile-stone, the road from Killucan, joins on the right, 
 and a cross road on the left, passes by the beautiful demesne 
 of Lowtown. On this side of the thirty-third mile-stone, a 
 cToss road runs right and left, and the ruins of an old castle on 
 the left ; at the thirty-sixth mile-stone, are the ruins of an old 
 castle on the left ; this vicinity is thickly interspersed with 
 delighted mansions and demesnes, occupied by an opulent 
 gentry. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Moyashill and Magheredernon. 
 
 Disart, Rathconnel, 
 Mullingar, Kilbeggan. 
 
FOU IRELAND. 
 
 175 
 
 Miles. 
 
 
 
 Si 
 
 SS 
 
 4. 
 
 37 
 
 3 
 
 40 
 
 4| 
 
 44i 
 
 
 52 
 
 
 59J- 
 
 To Athlone, by Klnnegad, 
 
 Kinnegad, 
 
 Kilbride- Pass, .... 
 
 Beggar's Bridge, .... 
 
 Tyrril's Pass, , . . 
 
 Kilbeggan, . : . . . 
 
 Moat-a-grenogue, .... 
 
 Athlone. , . . . , 
 
 Mullingar^ — Distant thirty-four miles and a quarter from 
 the Castle of Dublin, is a large populous Vv-ell built town, 
 situated on a river issuing from Lough-Fayle, it is the shire 
 and assizes town of the County, and a place of considerable 
 trade ; besides the old barrack, sufficiently spacious to con- 
 tain tw^o troops of horse, a more extensive one has 
 been lately erected, for the accommodation of a large gar- 
 rison, destined to be stationed in this central and important 
 station. Its public buildings are admirably v/ell adapted for 
 their intended purposes ; it was anciently a palatinate, and 
 gave the title of Baron to the family of Petit. Here a 
 great wool fair is annually held. The finest horses in the 
 kingdom, are exhibited at the fair of MuUingar, specifi- 
 cally held for the sale of that beautiful and useful animal. 
 In the year 1227, a Priory for Canons regular of the order 
 of St. Augustin was founded here by Ralp de Petyt, Bishop of 
 Meath; it was dignified with the distinctive appellation of 
 being denominated The House of God of MuUingar, 
 
 In the year 1426, the Prior of this house of God of Mul- 
 lingar, brought a writ of error from the Parliament of Ire- 
 lend, to the King's Bench in England, for arrears of rents 
 claimed from the Priory of Lanthony in Monmouthshire , 
 and on the King's Bench refusing to interfere in the holy suit, 
 so piously persisted in by the Prior of the House of God of 
 MuUingar this apostle of peace and meekness, humbly 
 petitioned to have his suit removed to the English house of 
 Lords. In the year 1464, this town v/as plundered and 
 consumed by the people of Managh. Queen Elizabeth grant- 
 ed this abbey, with all the appurtenances situated within the 
 site thereof, besides other valuable possess'ons attaches] 
 thereto, to the family of Tuyte in capite by knight s service, 
 and a trifling annual rent, Irish currency. In the year 1237, 
 the family of Nugent founded a Dominican Friary here,- 
 Queen Ehzabeth granted this friary, church, cemetery, and 
 all its other possessions, to Walter Hope, for £V:u an- 
 nual rent. Part of the bell-tower, and other fragmesits of 
 the ruins, still remain. On this side of the town, three 
 roads conterminate ; a cross road issues on the left, lead'P.r 
 
l^G NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 to Tyrrir.s-Pass. Three roads issue from this tov/n, tliat on 
 the left leads to Athlone, the centre road stretches toward Cple- 
 liiil ; and the third road, diverginfr on the right, branches 
 toward Longford. It was a borough previous to the Union. On 
 ilio road leading from MuUingar to Athlone, at the fortieth 
 mile stone, a cross road runs right and left, and the ruins 
 <:d an old church lie on the left. 
 
 Parishes in the Baromj of Rathonrath, 
 Almoritia, Pierce-town, Conry, 
 
 Killare, Rathonrath, Church-town. 
 
 Moivore, B alii more, 
 
 At the forty-two mile stone, are the ruins of an old church 
 on the right, and a cross road sweeps off to the left ; at the 
 forty-three mile stone, across road runs right and left. 
 
 liacondra is a small village distant forty-four miles and a 
 quarter from the Castle of Dublin, and celebrated for a 
 synod held here in the year 1112, by Celsus, Archbishop 
 of Armagh ; here a plain neat church is erected. The road 
 forks into two branches, that on the right, leads to Bally- 
 mahon, and the other on the Left runs to A.thlone ; at the forty- 
 sixth mile stone a cross road runs right and left, and a church 
 is situated on the right ; at the forty-seven mile stone, a 
 cross road, on the left, leads to Kilbeggan, and another on the 
 right runs towards Ballymalion ; at the forty-eight mile stone 
 arc the ruins of an old castle, situated on the right ; here a 
 cross road sweeps to the right towards Ballymahon, and a little 
 farther on a cross road on the left, leads towards Kilbeggan. 
 
 Ballimoreh a small village, distant fifty miles from the Castle 
 of Dublin : here a neat church and a small lake are situat- 
 ed on the right, and the ruins of an old castle on the left ; 
 a road branching on the left, leads to Moat ; it is supposed that 
 a monastery was founded here by the family of Lacie in 
 the year 1218, in honour of the Virgin Mary, for Gilbertine 
 Monks, and Benedictine Nuns, living under the same roof, in 
 different apartments on the site of an old abbey probably erected 
 previous to the year 700 ; it does not appear from the labori- 
 ous researches of ArchdalPs Monasticon Hibernicum, to whom 
 this monastery , with all its valuable appurtenances were grant- 
 ed, at the general suppression of monastic institutions ; at the fifty- 
 two mile stone, are the ruins of an old castle on the left ; at the 
 f^fty-three mile stone a cross road, on the left, branches towards 
 Moat ; at the fifty-four mile stone, the ruins of Xillinney Castle 
 are situated on the right ; on this side of .thfi Bfty-six mile ^tone^ a 
 road froija Moat unites on the right. 
 
Parishes in the Barony of Kilkenny West, 
 Kilkenny West, Bunowen, Nogheval. 
 
 The intermediate space from the last mentioned station to 
 Athlone is intersected with bogs. It is inhabited by an 
 opulent gentry, whose industry has contributed to improve 
 the cultivable portions of their allotted inheritance. 
 
 To Athlone by Kinmgad» 
 
 Kinnegad, 
 Mullingar, 
 Racondra, 
 Bally more, 
 Athlone, 
 
 FDIt IREtANiJ. 
 
 Miles. 
 
 0 
 
 29f 
 
 H 
 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 50 
 
 
 611 
 
 At the village of Drumrath in this barony, a celebrated 
 monastery was founded in the year S88, dedicated to St Enan, 
 which was consumed by the Ostmen in the year 94<6, with one 
 hundred and fifty persons who perished in the flames. In the 
 year 995, an hospital erected at Drumrath wherein were three 
 hundred patients, was burned by the men of Munster. The family 
 of Dillon founded an abbey in Hare Island situated in Lough- 
 ree which borders on this barony. At the village of Kilkenny 
 west, which gives name to the barony, an abbey was founded 
 by Friar Thomas, grandson to Sir Thomas Dillon, who came to 
 Ireland in the year 1185: Queen Elizabeth granted this abbey 
 with all its appurtenances to Robert Dillon for a small annual 
 rent. Here is a holy well dedicated to the Virgin Mary. 
 
 To Moyvore hy Mullingar. 
 
 Miles. 
 
 Mullingar, . . . . . 0 38|' 
 
 Racondra, 6 44?^ 
 
 Moyvore, 31 7^ 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Mogeesh, 
 
 Kilbixy, Kilmacnevin, Templeoran, 
 
 Russagh, Street, Rathaspick, 
 
 2 A 
 
178 NEW traveller's guide 
 
 On the road leading from Mullnigar to Cole-hill at the forty 
 one milestone, the road forks into two branches, that on the left 
 leads to Ballymahon, and the other on the right, runs to Cole- 
 hill ; at the forty two mile stone, a cross road runs right and 
 left; at the forty third mile stone, is the beautiful seat of 
 Sonnagh, situated on the right ; at the forty four mile stone 
 lies Trastcrnngh to the right, the residence of Sir Pigott Piers, 
 Baronet; on this side of the forty six mile stone, Morins-town 
 Church is situated on the left, and the well planted demesne 
 of Meares Court stands on the right; at the forty seven 
 mile stone, a cross road on the left, runs to Ballimore ; and 
 another on the right leads to Buck-house-inn; at the forty 
 eight mile stone, stands Moyvore village, a little beyond which 
 the county terminates in this direction. 
 
 To Buclc'liouse-Inn by MuUingar, 
 
 Mullingar, .... 0 'SS^ 
 Ballinacargy, . . . . 7^45^ 
 Buck-house-inn, . . . 1^ 471 
 
 On the road leading from Mullingar to Cole-hill, Ballina-- 
 cargy village is situated, distant forty five miles and three quarters 
 from the Castle of Dublin. Buck-house-inn is distant forty seven 
 miles and a quarter from the Castle of Dublin : here are the ruins 
 of an old Church. A cross road sweeps to the left ; at the forty 
 eight mile stone, the river Inny terminates the county in this 
 direction. Geoffry De Constantine, an early English emigrant, 
 founded a splendid priory of Canons Regular at the villagc 
 of Trasternagh in this barony ; the Prior of which named Geoffiy 
 Delamer, Avas attainted by the Irish Parliament for high treason 
 in the year 1468, he having on the 12th of October in said year 
 robbed, burnt, and spoiled the town of Taghmon, situated in 
 the barony of Delvin, being aided in the aforementioned atro- 
 sity by English and Irish rebels. In the year 1590, a lease of 
 this priory, with all its possessions, was granted to captain Wil- 
 liam Piers. Another abbey was founded at the village of Kil- 
 michael in this barony for Franciscan Friars. At the general 
 suppression of monastic institutions, this monastery with all its 
 possessions, was granted to Robert Nagle. The village of Kilbixy 
 situated in this barony, was adorned with a castle, erected 
 by Hugh De Lacie in the year 1192, who also founded a monas- 
 tic Hoapilfil for the relief of lepers. On the road running 
 
FOR IRELAKD. 
 
 179 
 
 from Mullingar to Edgesworth's-town, at tlie forty mile stone, 
 are the ruins of an old castle, where the road from Castle- Pol- 
 lard unites on the right. Here is situated Levinge-town Park, 
 the residence of Sir C. Levinge, baronet. At the forty-one mile 
 stone, a cross road sweeps off to the right ; at the forty-two mile 
 stone, a cross road branches towards the right, and Lough 
 Huel lies on the left ; at the forty four mile stone, is situated 
 Wilson's Hospital on the right ; on this side of the forty-five 
 mile stone, stands Leny Church on the right: a cross road runs 
 right and left, and the Charter School is situated on the left; at the 
 forty five mile stone, Donore, the seat of Sir James Nugent, lies 
 on the right, contiguous to which is situated the beautiful 
 mansion and demesne of Lacken ; here are the ruins of an old 
 castle mouldering on the right. 
 
 To BallinalacJcy by Mullingar, 
 
 (Miks.) 
 
 Mullingar, — 
 
 Leny, . , . . . • 6^^ 44^ J 
 
 JSalUnalack, 11 46^ 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Corlcerry^ 
 
 Multifernon, Stonehall, Leny, 
 
 Portlemon, Taghmon, Tilfernan. 
 
 Portshaungan, J^ackin 
 
 Ballinalack^ — Is a small village, distant forty-six miles and a 
 quarter from the Castle of Dublin, and pleasantly situated on 
 the river Inny, flowing from Lough Erne, which is on the left. 
 Beyond the forty-seventh mile stone, a cross road on the left, 
 leads to Ardagh ; at the forty-eighth mile-stone, the road from 
 Granard unites on the right ; at the forty-ninth mile stone, is 
 situated New- Pass, a charming seat, commanding a beautiful 
 prospect over a neat little lake, delightfully fringed with plan- 
 tations, tastefully arranged ; here the county terminates in 
 this direction. William Delemar founded a monastery for 
 conventual Franciscans, at the village of Multefernan, in this 
 Barony. This abbey was so highly esteemed, that a chapter of 
 the Provincial order was held here in 1 529. At the general 
 suppression. King Henry the Eighth distributed the different 
 possessions attached to this monastery between Edmond Field, 
 Patrick Clynch, and Philip Pcnteny. Notwithstanding this 
 loyal alienation of monastic property, the friars, still tacitlj 
 
180 
 
 KEW TRAtELLER's GUIDE 
 
 permitted to reside in the liouse, became so opulent, that in 
 1622, they attempted to erect an additional establishment of 
 the fraternity at Mullingar, and continued in peaceable posses- 
 sion of the abbey mitil 1641, when it was utterly abolished, 
 and the holy fathers were dispersed for fostering and fomenting 
 that sanguinary rebellion, liatched and matured by this intrigue- 
 ing ai>d bigottcd fraternity. The ruins which still exist, evince 
 the neatness of the structure, built of blackish stone ; the east 
 window, totally destitute of external ornaments, still remains 
 entire. Another monastic institution was founded at Leckin in 
 this Barony, which was afterwards erected into a bishopric, 
 v'h^re St. Fechindied Anno 664, in the 130 year of his age. 
 
 To Mullingar^ hy Castletowi Delvin, 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Castletown Delvin . , , — | 35§ 
 Mullingar . . . . J Of | 46 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Delvin. 
 
 Clonarney, Castletown Delvin, Killuagh, 
 
 Killagh, Kilcumney, Kilweilagh. 
 
 On the road leading from Athboy to Mullingar, Westmeath 
 County commences at the thirtieth mile-stone ; at the thirty- 
 second mile-stone, is situated Ballinlough, the charming resi-» 
 dence of Hugh O'Reilly Esq. ; a cross road branches off to the 
 right, and a little farther on, another sweeps to the left; at the 
 thirty-fourth milerstone, a cross road runs right and left. 
 
 Castletown Delvin^ — Is a small village, distant thirty-five 
 miles and a half from the Castle of Dublin ; on the right of 
 ^vhich, is situated the charming residence of the Earl of West- 
 jneatb, and the ruins of an old castle stand on the left. At the 
 thirty-sixth mile-stone, the road from Trim unites on the left ; 
 at the thirty-sev€oth mile-stone, a cross road runs to the right, 
 and the ruins of an old castle lie on the right. At the thirty- 
 ninth mile-stone, are situated the ruins of an old castle on the 
 right. A cross road on the right leads to Cast Je- Pollard, and 
 another on the left, runs to Kinnegad. At the forty-third mile^ 
 Sitone, the road from Kells unites on the right. 
 
 To Castle-Pollard^ hy Castletom Delvin, 
 
 . (Miles.) 
 
 Castletown Delvin ... — 35j 
 
 Maypole llf 47 
 
 Castle- Pollard . . . . 2 49 
 
FOR IRELAND^ 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Fowe, 
 
 Castle- Pollard, Mayne, Foyraii, 
 
 Faghalstown, Fowre, Kilpatrick. 
 
 - Lickblagh, 
 
 Castk-Pollardj-^ls a small village, distant fortj'-nine mile^ 
 from the Castle of Dublin. Across road on the right leads to 
 Finae, and another on the left, to Muilingar. Within a 
 mile of this village, is situated Packenham-Hall, the splendid 
 residence of the Earl of Longford. 
 
 Finae. — On the road passing from Cross-Keys to Granard, 
 is situated the neat but small village of Finae, distant forty- 
 nine miles and a half from the Castle of Dublin ; the stream 
 on which this town is byilt, divides the Counties of Westmeath 
 and Cavan. 
 
 Old-Castle.— On the road leading from Athboy to Daly's 
 Bridge, is situated Old- Castle village, distant forty-one miles 
 and a quarter from the Castle of Dublin. A cross road runs 
 right and left. Fowre, from which the half Barony derives its 
 name, although now a decayed village, was formerly deemed a 
 place of much importance. Here a priory for canons regular 
 was founded by St. Fechin, in the year 630, where three thou-? 
 sand monks were collected. The ruins of three churches, an 
 abbey, and an anchorite's cell, attest the extent of this magni- 
 ficent monastic structure. This town was a Borough previous 
 to the Union. 
 
}S2 NEW TRAVELLER*S GUIDE 
 
 Table of Fairs Jield in the County of Westmeath every month in the 
 
 year. 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Time. 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Tim 
 
 
 Jan, 
 
 Castiepollard. . . , 
 
 21 
 
 Atlilone .... 
 
 10 
 
 Athlone .... 
 
 26 
 
 Coomalia .... 
 
 23 
 
 
 31 
 
 Clanmellon . . . 
 
 28 
 
 
 
 
 
 30 
 
 
 June. 
 
 
 
 
 5 
 7 
 
 
 Feb. 
 
 Ballimore .... 
 
 ITT" n 
 
 Kellear .... 
 
 1 
 
 Rathconrath . • . 
 
 7 
 
 Glasson .... 
 
 2 
 
 Kille valley . . . 
 
 12 
 
 T» 111 
 
 Bain alack . , . 
 
 15 
 
 Miltown .... 
 
 14 
 
 
 
 Seven Churches . 
 
 14 
 
 
 
 
 Mar, 
 
 Kilbeggan . . . 
 
 16 
 
 Multifarnnam . . 
 
 5 
 
 
 22 
 
 Bainabarna . . • 
 
 19 
 
 Donore .... 
 
 29 
 
 Athlone .... 
 K.iliucan .... 
 
 21 
 
 27 
 
 
 
 
 T 7 
 
 Jvly. 
 
 
 
 Ireemarket . . . 
 
 \ 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ April, 
 
 Ballinahown . . • 
 
 2 
 
 T* IT 11 * 
 
 Muliingar , , , 
 
 6 
 
 Mullmgar . . . 
 
 4 
 
 Coolnaha .... 
 
 8 
 
 XT 1 11 
 
 JNoughweU , . . 
 
 13 
 
 iVioat . . • . 
 
 a e 
 
 25 
 
 Clonmellon • . 
 
 25 
 
 j3ailinanown . . . 
 
 29 
 
 rinae ..... 
 
 27 
 
 Freemarket • 
 
 30 
 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 Aug. 
 
 
 
 
 
 May, 
 
 Castletown Delvin , 
 
 I 
 
 Clanmpllon . . . 
 
 2 
 
 CastiepoUard 
 
 1 
 
 Moyvore .... 
 
 4 
 
 (jriasson .... 
 
 10 
 
 4Jpoinana .... 
 
 7 
 
 Bainabarna . . . 
 
 14 
 
 Grangemore . . . 
 
 7 
 
 Finae 
 
 18 
 
 Collinstown . . , 
 
 8 
 
 Moyvore .... 
 
 20 
 
 Ivinnegad .... 
 
 Q 
 
 Kilgarvan ... 
 
 
 pallinacargy . . . 
 
 9 
 
 Church town . . . 
 
 26 
 
 Glasson .... 
 
 10 
 
 Muliingar . . . 
 
 29 
 
 Multifarnliam . . 
 Ballinabarna . . . 
 
 J3 
 15 
 
 
 
 Sept. 
 
 Hathowen . . . 
 
 15 
 
 Multifarnham , . 
 
 I 
 
 Terrils-Pass , . . 
 
 17 
 
 Athlone .... 
 
 6 
 
 Balnalack .... 
 
 18 
 
 Ballinahown . . . 
 
 11 
 
 ^oola ..... 
 
 20 
 
 
 IB 
 
FOR IRELAND, 
 
 Places where htld. 
 
 Keany 
 
 Clanmellon . . . 
 Castletowngeoghegan 
 
 Balnalack . 
 Moat . . 
 Miltown . 
 CastlepoUard 
 Ballimore . 
 Ballinacargy 
 Kilkenny west 
 Killy valley 
 Coolnaha . 
 Kilbeggan 
 CoUenstown 
 Freemarkct 
 
 Time. 
 20 
 29 
 29 
 
 Oct. 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 10 
 14 
 20 
 22 
 23 
 26 
 28 
 30 
 30 
 
 Flaces whete held. 
 
 Grangemore 
 Mullingar 
 Finae . . 
 Coole . . 
 Glasson 
 Killucan . 
 Balnabarna 
 
 Castletown Delvin 
 Moyvore . . 
 Ballinahown . 
 CastlepoUard 
 Nathowen . . 
 Moat . . . 
 Terril's-Pass . 
 Balnalack . . 
 Freeraarket . 
 
COUNTY OF LONGFORD. 
 
 The County of Longford is bounded on the west by Roscom- 
 liion, from v/hich it is separated by the river Shannon ; on the 
 north by the Counties of Letrim and Cavan ; and on the east 
 and south by Westmeath. Its greatest extent from north to 
 south is about 20 Irish miles, and about 16 Irish miles from 
 east to west. Its superfices comprises 134,700 acres Irish plan- 
 tation measure, including bogs, mountains, and waste. It con- 
 tains six baronies, Longford, Ardagh, Granardy Moydoe, Rath- 
 iine and Shrule, which are divided into twenty-three parishes* 
 The soil is generally fruitful, though much interspersed with 
 bogs, mountains, morasses, and fens ; the flat grounds skir- 
 ting along the Shannon are subject to inundations; great crops 
 of oats are annually raised in this county and sent to Drogheda 
 market ; the women are industriously occupied in spinning, and 
 the linen manufacture is gradually improving and extending in 
 all directions ; the Shannon forms its western boundary ; the 
 river Inny waters a portion of the southern district; the rivers 
 Camlin and Fallen, with other numerous inferior streamlets ir- 
 rigate the remaining districts in various directions. Lough Gaw- 
 nagh is its most extensive and considerable collection of fresh 
 water, besides which, there are many small lakes too inconside- 
 rable to be noticed, but materially contributing to deversify the 
 the scener}'. When the Royal Canal shall be completed 
 to its intended destination, the facility and cheapness of water 
 conveyance for the product of its soil, must materially contribute 
 to inhance the value of the lands, encourage the farmer to more 
 active industry, and rescue the fairest and most fertile portions 
 from grazing, in which mode of farming, the gentry are exclusive- 
 ly occupied. 
 
rOR IRELAND. 
 
 185 
 
 Ballymahon - - - - - I 
 Lanesborough - - - - ^9 | ^24; 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of RathUnc, 
 
 Kilcomack, Rathline 
 Cashel Shri:Ie 
 Lanesborough 
 
 ROADS. 
 
 On the road leading from Mullingar to Ballymahon, Long- 
 ford County commences on this side of the forty-nine mile- 
 stone ; at the fifty mile-stone is situated Forgney Church ; a cross 
 road on the right, leads to Shrule- abbey ; here the road forks 
 into two branches, that on the right leads to Barry, and the 
 other on the left to Ballymahon; the road from Ballimore unites 
 on the left ; beyond the fifty-first ipile-stone a cross road on the 
 left branches towards Athlone. 
 
 Ballymahon, — Distant fifty-two miles and a half frcrni Dublin 
 Castle, is a small neat town, pleasantly situated on the river 
 Inny ; the road from Ballimore unites on the left ; a road branch- 
 ing off to the left, leads to Athlone, and a cross road on the 
 right, stretches towards Edgeworths-town ; at the fifty-thee 
 mile-stone a cross road on the right leads to Barry ; at the fifty- 
 four mile-stone a cross road on the right runs to Longford ; a 
 little beyond the fifty-five mile-stone is situated Kilcomack 
 Church on the right ; here the road passes through a lar/re tract 
 of bog; at the sixty-first mile-stone, the road from Athlone 
 unites on the right. 
 
 Lanesborough, — Distant sixty-two miles and a quarter from 
 Dublin Castle, is delightfully situated on the river Shannon, over 
 which a fine stone bridge is constructed; it has an handsome 
 church, and a barrrack for a troop of horse ; it gave the title 
 of Visa)unt to the family of Lane, as it now gives the title of 
 Earl to the family of Butler; it was a borough previous to the 
 Union. The road from Kilashee unites on the right. On the road 
 leading from Ballinecargy to Cole-hill, Longford County com- 
 mences where the road crosses the River Inny, a little beyond 
 the forty eight mile-stone ; at the forty-nine mile-stone are the. 
 yuins of an old church, and castle, situated on the right ; at 
 
 2 B 
 
186 
 
 NEW TIIAVELLEK*S GUIDE 
 
 the fifty mile-stone two cross roads branch off on the righf, one 
 leading to Edgcsworthstown, and the other to Longford ; on 
 the left lies the ruins of Shrule abbey, founded by the family of 
 O'Farrel for monks of the Cislertian order, under the invocation 
 of the Virgin Mary : Queen Elizabeth granted the scite of thiy 
 trionastery with all its valuable appurtenances to Robert Dillon 
 and his heirs, in capite for a trifling annual rent Irish currency. 
 At an inquisition held in 1592, it was discovered that on the 
 surrender of this abbey, the abbot was seized of some possessions 
 then concealed from the visitors, which were now forfeited on a 
 more accurate scrutiny. On the opposite bank of the River 
 Inny is situated Tenelick, the charming mansion, and extensive 
 demesne of the late Lord Annaly. 
 
 ColehilU — Is an inconsiderable village, distant fifty-one miles 
 from Dublin Castle ; a cross road on the right leads to Lohg- 
 ford ; at the fifty-two mile-stone stands the church of Tashiny 
 on the right ; on this side of the fifty-third mile-stone a cross 
 road leading from Ballymahon, runs to Edgeworthstown. 
 
 Parishes in the Bat^oni/ of Sh'uU\ 
 
 Forgney Taughsbinny 
 Abbeyshrule Aharagh 
 
 Barn/^-^Is a small village distant fifty-four miles and a half 
 from Dublin Castle ; a cross road on the right leads to Longford,^ 
 and another on the left runs to Ballymahon ; here the ruins of 
 an old castle lie to the right; at the fifty-five mile-stone a cross 
 road on the right leads to L(mgford, and another on the left 
 runs to Tirlicken. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Moydoe^ 
 Killa^hee, Moydoe, Taghsinnod, 
 
 At the fifty-six mile-stone a cross road runs to the left. 
 
 Kenagh, — Is a small village distant fifty-six miles and three- 
 quarters from Dublin Castle, agreeably situated on a river of 
 the same name ; a cross road on the right leads to Longford. 
 A little beyond the fifty-seven mile-stone is situated on the left, 
 Mosstown, the splendid residence of Sir W. Newcommon bart, 
 the river Kenagh winds its course through the extensive and 
 well planted demesne ; at the fifty-nine mile-stone, the road 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 187 
 
 from Ardngli unites on the right ; here are the ruins of an old 
 church and castle lying to the right. 
 
 Killashee^ — Is a considerable village distant sixty-one miles 
 from Dublin Castle, v/here a plain neat church is erected. The 
 road from Longford unites on the right ; a cross road to the 
 right, branches towards Newtown- Forbes ; and another on the 
 left communicates with Lanesborough ; at the sixty-fourth mile- 
 stone are the ruins of an old church, and Brienstown Castl?, 
 formerly destined to overawe any encroachments from Connaught 
 across the Shannon, and a little farther on is Tomonbarry bridge 
 erected over that majestic river ; a priory was founded by Grom- 
 gall O'Quin, in the reign of King John, at the village of Deirg 
 in this barony dedicated to St. Peter, which, at the general sup- 
 pression of monastic institutions, was granted with all its posses- 
 sions to Nicholas Aylmor. St. Modaii who was consecrated bi- 
 ■shopin 591, was abbot at Moydoe, which gives name to this barony. 
 
 To Tarmonharry-bridge hy ColehilL ^ 
 
 Colehill - - - - - 51 
 
 Barry - - - - - Sr 54l 
 
 Kenagh ----- 2i 56f 
 
 Killashee - - - - - 4| 61 
 
 Tarmonbarry-bridge - - - 3i 64| 
 
 Parishes in the Barony Ardagh. 
 
 Ardagh, Mostrim, 
 Ballymacormac, Rathrea. 
 Kilglass, 
 
 On the road leading from "Muilingar to Longford town, 
 Longford County commences on this side of the fifty mile-stone; 
 at the fifty-two mile-stone, a cross road on the right leads to 
 Bally mahon. 
 
 Edgeworthstow^ — Is a considerable village, distant fifty -two 
 miles and a quarter from Dublin Castle; here is a plain commodi- 
 . ous church ; a cross road on the right leads to Grannard ; and 
 another on the left runs to Ballymahon ; at the fifty-four mile- 
 stone a cross road on the right runs to Johnstown, and another 
 on the left to Ballymahon. Ardagh, which is now a decayed 
 village, gives name to this, barony ; it was erected into an epis- 
 copal see about the year 454, of which St Masl, a disciple and 
 reputed nephew of St. Patrick, was consecrated the first bishop. 
 
188 
 
 NEW TftAVELLEll's GUIDK 
 
 In 1658 it was united to Kilmorc. In 1692 it was re-establisli- 
 into a Rcpantte bishoprick, and so remained during the life of 
 Docter Ulysses Burgh, the then consecrated bishop, on whose 
 demise, it was again re-united to the see of Kilmorc, to which 
 it remained annexed, until the year 1741, when Doctor Hort 
 then Archbishop of Tuam, procured its seperation from the see 
 of Kilmorc, and obtained its annexation to the archiopiscopal 
 see of Tuam, to which it still remains attached: only a few 
 fragments of its ancient cathedral now remains, which is sup- 
 posed to be one of the original churches erected after the con- 
 version of the natives. At the fifty-six mile-stone a cross road 
 runs right and left; a little farther on a cross road from Bally- 
 mahon unites on the left ; on this side of the fifty-seven mile- 
 stone a cross road runs to the right ; on this side of the fifty- 
 eighth n'lile-stone the charter school is situated on the left. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Longford, 
 
 Clondra, Clongesh, Templemichael. 
 
 Longford town, — Distant fifty- eight miles and a half from 
 Dublin Castle, is agreeably situated on the River Camlin ; it is 
 the shire and assizes town of this county; here is a good barrack 
 for a troop of horse ; the charter school was liberally endowed 
 by Lord Longford ; the ©ther public buildings are a goal, a 
 church, a court house, and market house, edifices indispensibly 
 necessary for all assizes towns. At a very early period an abbey 
 was founded here, of which St. Idus a disciple of St. Patrick's 
 was appointed the first abbot. In 1400, a splendid monastery 
 for friars of the order of St. Dominick, was founded here by 
 O' Farrel Prince of Annaly, in honour of the Virgin Mary. In 
 1429, it was destroyed by fire; a bill of plenary indulgence was 
 granted by Pope Martin the fifth to every individual who would 
 piously contribute to the re -erection of this structure, a melan- 
 choly example of popular delusion and sacerdotal arrogance. 
 The possessions of this monastery, were granted in capite for 
 ever, to Richard Nugent, by Philip and Mary, royalties ex- 
 cepted. Queen Elizabeth granted the scite of the friary, with 
 all its residuary appurtenances, to Sir Nicholas Malbie, Knight, 
 in 1615, King James the first, granted the monastery to Lord 
 Valentia. This town gave the title of Earl to the family of 
 Aungier, and afterwards the title of Viscount to tlie family of 
 Micklethwaite. It now gives the title of Baron to the noble 
 family of Packenham. — To the present noble Lord's sister. Ire- 
 lands Pride and Europe's Liberator, the illustrious Duke* of 
 
189 
 
 Wellington, is married. Here the roads from Granard and 
 Bally mahon unite. 
 
 Newtown Forbes^ — Is a neat small village, distant sixty-one 
 miles from the Castle of Dublin ; here a plain church is erected. 
 At the sixty-second mile stone, is situated on the left, Castle 
 Forbes, the splendid residence of the Earl of Granard ; a little 
 beyond the sixty-second mile stone, a cross road on the right, 
 leads to Druraless — the direct road towards Rusky Bridge, 
 situated in the county of Leitrim. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Granardo 
 
 Abbey larach, Collumkil], 
 Clonbroney, Granard. 
 
 The road passing between Finae and Granard, traverses the 
 County of Cavan for a short distance, along the shore of Lougli 
 Inny, and again re-enters the County of Longford. 
 
 Granard, — Is a comfortable town, distant fifty-two miles from 
 the Castle of Dublin, and about sixteen from Longford ; hers 
 is a barrack for a company of foot ; near the town is a very- 
 lofty Danish mount, named the mount of Granard ; it is 
 supposed to have been artificially constructed ; on the summit 
 of which a Danish fort was erected, commanding a very exten- 
 sive prospect. In 1250 Lord Richard Tuit founded an abbey 
 for monks of the Cistertian order, dedicated to the Virgin 
 Mary. In 1211 this lord perished by the fall of a tower at 
 Athlone, and was interred in his own abbey. In 1319 Edward 
 Bruce burnt this town and sacked the monastery. On the fifth 
 of September 17S8, a formidable column of rebels was gallantly- 
 defeated by the neighbouring corps of yeomanry, collected for 
 the protection of the town. It gives the title of Earl to the 
 noble family of Forbes ; it was a borough previous to the 
 Union. Two roads issue on the left, one leads to Edgeworths- 
 town, and the other to Johnstown. A road on the rigiit, runri 
 to Scarby bridge. Near this town are the ruins of Larna abbey, 
 dedicated to the Virgin Mary, and supposed to have been 
 founded by St. Patrick. The road passing from (iranard to 
 Johnstown, at the fifty-fourth mile-stone, forks into two branches, 
 that on the right, leads to Johnstown, and the other, on the 
 left, to Longford. There are some pleasant counlr}^ seat.s 
 scattered between Granard and St. Johnstown, which contribute 
 to enhven ard diversify this naked and bleak nioiintuinoiii 
 district. 
 
190 
 
 IvEW TRAVELLER'S GUiDE 
 
 To Ne'potown-Forbes, by HdgewortJiztGwn, 
 
 Edgeworthstown 
 
 Longford 
 
 Newtown-Forbes 
 
 St. Jokmtoxm, — Is a small decayed village, situated on the 
 fiver Camlin, and distant fifty-eight miles and three-quarters 
 from the Castle of Dublin. It was a borough previous to the Un- 
 ion. A road on the right, leads to RossdulF, and the other on 
 the left, to Longford. Here a friary was founded, no traces of 
 which now remain. On an island in Lough Garon, situated 
 in this Barony, St. Columb founded an abbey for canons 
 regular, about the middle of the fifth century. In 804? the 
 iDanes destroyed this abbey, and invaded Roscommon. On 
 Inishbofin, an island in Lough rea, St. Rioch, nephew to St. 
 Patrick, founded an abbey, which was consumed by fire in 
 770. In 1010 it was plundered by the men of Munster. In 
 1087 it was again sacked and pillaged by the men of Munster. 
 In 1089 the Danes plundered and destroyed this abbey. On 
 the isl;i:d of All Saints, in the same lough, St. Kierin erected 
 a noble monastery, about the year 544<. This abbey, with 
 all its possessions, was granted to Sir Patrick Barnwail, at the 
 general suppression. The northern portion of the Barony of 
 Granard, bordering upon Cavan, is very mountainous. In this 
 Barony are situated the Lakes Earne and Derruk. At Bally- 
 uamuck, a small village in the Barony of Granard, the French 
 forces comrrianded by General Flumbert, and accompanied by 
 ^ vast number of infatuated Irish rebels, surrendered to General 
 Lake, who commanded under his Excellency Marquis Corn- 
 wallis, on the 8th of September, 1798. An event, which 
 finally concluded that sanguinary and fanatic rebellion, and 
 effectually frustrated all the projected operations of the revolu- 
 tionary jinsurgents. 
 
 To St, Johistowi^ hy Granard, 
 
 Miles. 
 
 Granard 
 
 St. Johnstown 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 A Table of Fairs held in the County of Longford in cvcrij 
 month of the year^ 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Barry .... 
 Lanesborough , . 
 Ballymahon . . . 
 
 Time. 
 
 Feb, 
 
 1 
 12 
 
 25 
 
 Places tvhere held. 
 
 Drumlish .... 
 Ballymahon . . , 
 Ardagh .... 
 
 Time. 
 
 August* 
 6 
 11 
 26 
 
 Edgeworthstowii 
 Killashee .... 
 Tashiny .... 
 
 March. 
 1 
 
 8 
 27 
 
 Newtownforbes . . 
 Ballinamuck . . . 
 Edgeworthstown 
 Drumlish .... 
 
 Sep. 
 4 
 11 
 12 
 19 
 21 
 26 
 29 
 
 Ardagh . , . , 
 Newtownforbes . . 
 Barry .... 
 
 April, 
 5 
 20 
 
 26 
 
 Cullyvore .... 
 Taughshinny . . . 
 Killashee .... 
 
 
 Oct. 
 1 
 
 10 
 15 
 18 
 22 
 31 
 
 Granard .... 
 St. Johnstown . , 
 Ballymahon . . . 
 Drumlish .... 
 Bonlahy .... 
 Ballynamuck . . . 
 Killashee .... 
 Taughshinny . . 
 
 May. 
 
 3 
 
 14? 
 16 
 22 
 24 
 28 
 
 Granard .... 
 Keanagh .... 
 Bonlaliy .... 
 Barry ..... 
 Longford .... 
 Newtownforbes . . 
 
 Ballymahon . 
 
 St. Johnstown . . 
 
 Nov. 
 
 21 
 
 21 
 
 
 J?me, 
 10 
 16 
 24 
 
 Longford . . . , 
 Abbyshrule . . . 
 Cullyvore ..... 
 
 Killashee .... 
 Drumlish .... 
 Bonlflhv 
 
 Edgeworthstown 
 
 Dec. 
 
 I 
 
 2 
 1 1 
 15 
 
 Edgewor th stown 
 Tashiny .... 
 Bonlaghy .... 
 
 July. 
 
 2 
 
 9 
 26 
 26 
 
 N. B. No Fairs are 
 held in this County 
 in the month of 
 January. 
 
 
 
 
 
102 
 
 K£W traveller's GUIDK 
 
 COUNTY OF LOUTR 
 
 The County of Louth, — Is bounded by Eastmeath on the 
 south and south west ; by Monaghan and Cavan on the west ; 
 on the north by the counties of Armagh and Down ; and 
 by the Irish channel on the east. Its greatest extent from 
 north to south, is about twenty one Irish miles, and from 
 east to west, about sixteen Irish miles. Its superfices com- 
 prises 126,960 Acres, Irish plantation measure, including 
 bogs, mountain and waste. It contains four baronies, Ferrard, 
 Atherdee, Louth, and Dundalk, which are divided into sixty- 
 one parishes. The soil is generally fertile; its surface is 
 undulating and uneven, and thickly interspersed with lofty 
 hills, which highly contribute to diversify its scenery. — The 
 ^agments of its ancient monuments are numerous, bearing 
 evident marks of grandeur and magnificence as it constituted 
 the centre of the English Pale, originally extending from 
 Wicklow on the south to Dunluce in the north. Its prin- 
 cipal rivers are the Boyne, which seperates the counties of 
 ' Eastmeath for a short distance, and Louth, the Dee, the 
 Fane, the Lagan, the Dundalk, and the Jenesborough, which 
 t -averse this County from west to east, and discharge their 
 waters into the Irish Channel. There are no considerable 
 fresh water lakes in this county. 
 
 Drogheda. — Distant twenty three miles and a half from 
 Dublin Castle, though situated within the precincts of the 
 County of Louth, on the north bank of the river Boyne, 
 constitute!?, with its liberties, extending into the counties of 
 
FOR IRELAND* 193 
 
 Louth and Eastmeath, a distinct town and county in itself, 
 where separate assizes are held. It contains two Parishes, 
 St. Peter's and St. Mary's, into which the town is divided, and 
 Ballimakenny in the liberties. It is governed by a mayor and 
 sheriffs, and returns one member to the united Parliament. 
 The harbour is excellent and the river navigable up to the 
 bridge. It is large, regular, and well built, and carries on a very 
 considerable trade. The Tholsel is an handsome structure ; its 
 fish-market is most abundantly supplied, particularly with sal- 
 mon caught in the river Boyne. It is a walled town, but its 
 antiquated fortifications would offer a feeble resistance to the 
 present improved system of assault, as the town is commanded 
 by adjacent eminences which, possessed by judicious scientific 
 invaders, would quickly compel a capitulation. Its monastic insti- 
 tutions before the reformation, were a priory of canons regular, 
 following the rules and ordinances prescribed by St. Augustin, 
 in which cardinal Papero, held a synod in 1152. Amlave, 
 the Abbott, was expelled from its government for sacrilegious 
 crimes. The date of its foundations is not ascertained. St. 
 Mary's Hospital was founded without the west gate of the 
 city by Ursus De Swemele, who, with the consent of hia 
 wife, Christiana, granted all his Irish possessions for the 
 support of this hospital. In 1300, Hamund the butcher, having 
 murdered his wife, took sanctuary here. In 1377, f#ur of its 
 friars were indicted for assaulting, wounding, and robbing 
 William Ashe of a knife, in the town of Drogheda, but were 
 acquitted by a Jury. At the general suppression of monastic 
 institutions, this abbey, and all its possessions, were granted 
 to the mayor of Drogheda. St. Laurence's Priory, situated 
 near a gate of the same name, is supposed to haVe been foun- 
 ded by the mayor and citizens of Drogheda. At the general 
 suppression, this house, with all its appurtenances, was granted 
 to the mayor and citizens of Drogheda. A Dominican Friary 
 dedicated to St. Mary Magdalen, was founded in 1224-, by 
 Lucas De Netterville, Arch-bishop of Armagh. In 1300, 
 Waller, son of Hugh, escaped from Carrickfergus Prison, 
 and took sanctuary in the church of this house, where he 
 confessed himself a felon. In 1330 Waller de Gal way, having 
 murdered John de Grymsly with a knife, took sanctuary 
 here and confessed himself a felon. In 1394 , the Irish Kings 
 made personal submission to King Richard the Second. In 
 this abbey Boniface the Ninth, in 1401, granted indulgence 
 to all persons visiting the church and chapels of this monas- 
 try, on certain festivals. In 1405 the merchants of Drogheda 
 
 2 c 
 
194. 
 
 NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 made a descent upon Scotland whence they carried sonic 
 hostages and considerable booty. In 1451, a parliament was 
 held at Drogheda. In 1460, a parliament was held at Drogh- 
 eda. In 1464 Thomas Earl of Desntond was beheaded at Drogh- 
 eda and interred in this monastry. In 1494, a parliament was held 
 at Drogheda, which enacted the Poinings Law. Henry the 
 Eighth granted this abbey, with all its extensive possessions, 
 to Walter Dowdall and Edward Becke in capite for ever. 
 Gray Friary, supposed to have been founded in 1 240, stands on 
 the north side of the river Boyne. In 1 300, Richard Deblet, 
 with other felons, having effected their escape from the town 
 prison, took sanctuary in the church of this friary. In the 
 same year, Thomas de Morson, having slain John de Medleton, 
 also took sanctuary in this church. Henry the Eighth granted 
 this friary with all its extensive possessions, to Gerald Aylmer 
 in capite for ever. Augustinean Friary was founded in ISOO, 
 which at the suppression was granted to the mayor and citi- 
 zens of Drogheda. There were also the houses of St. James 
 and St. Bennett, respecting which, nothing particular is 
 recorded. In 1641, Drogheda suffered most severely, being 
 closely besieged by the rebels, and as gallantly defended by 
 Sir Henry Tichburne, dispatched to its relief on the fourth 
 of November, and appointed its governor. On the third of 
 December, the besieged made a successful sally in quest of 
 forage, of which there was a great scarcity, and returned 
 with a great store of corn and cattle ; after the consumption 
 of provisions, thus precariously obtained, the garrison and 
 tov.nsmen were reduced to the utmost extremity by famine, 
 or which circumstance the besiegers were accurately informed, 
 and entertained very sanguine hopes of a speedy surrender ; 
 but the sight of a convoy plentifully stored with all neces- 
 saries for the relief of the inhabitants languishing and pining 
 under all the horrors of famine, frustrated all their hopes, 
 and so exasperated Sir Phelim O'Neil, that he resolved, on 
 the second of February, to storm the town and take it by 
 scalade ; but after a sanguinary conflict, he was bravely repul- 
 sed. On the fifth of March Lord Moore made a sally, which 
 so disconcerted the rebels, that their general. Sir Phelim O'Neil, 
 was induced to raise the siege with precipitation, even before 
 the approach of the Duke of Ormond despatched by govern- 
 ment with sufficient forces to relieve the garrison. The mise- 
 ries patiently endured by the garrison and the loyal inhabitants 
 during the long and close investment of the town, are pa- 
 thetically recorded in a diary written by the Rev. N. Barnard, 
 
rOR IRELAND, 
 
 195 
 
 an eye witness and a fellow sufferer of all the privations 
 voluntarily submitted to, rather than yield to a fanatic hord 
 of superstitious and sanguinary rabble. Oliver Cromwell 
 tarnished the splendour •f his mihtary atchievements by 
 wantonly massacreing the garrison and inhabitants, after he had 
 made himself master of the town. The roads from Slane, 
 Duleck, and the Naul, unite on the south side of the river to 
 the left, and six roads issue from the northern extremity of 
 the town. Within two miles of Drogheda, an obelisk is erec- 
 ted in commemoration of a splendid victory obtained by 
 King William the Third, over James the Second and his 
 Irish adherents, on the first of July 1690. This town gives 
 the title of Marquis to the noble family of Moore, and returns 
 one member to the united Parliament. A road winds to 
 the right, along the northern bank of the Boyne, to Clogher- 
 Head on this road are situated the villages of Bankstown, 
 Balloy, Tirmorfeckan, and Dardes Rath. On the road lead- 
 ing from Drogheda to Castlebellingham, at the twenty-sixth 
 mile-stone, are the ruins of Cairntown Castle, situated on 
 the right. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Ferrard. 
 
 Beaulieu, 
 
 Clogher, 
 
 Clonmore, 
 
 Disert, 
 
 Mayne, 
 
 Monasterboyce, 
 Moylary, 
 
 Port, 
 
 Rathdrummin, 
 
 Termonfeckin, 
 
 Carrick, 
 
 Collan, 
 
 Dunany, 
 
 Marlinstown, 
 
 Parsonstown, 
 
 Drumshallon, 
 
 Mellifont, 
 
 Newtown, 
 
 Salterstown, 
 
 Tulloghallen, 
 
 Diuileer. 
 
 On this side of the twenty-seventh mile- stone lie the ruins 
 of Ballymakenny church on the right. At the twenty-eighth 
 mile-stone, is situated Drumshallon Church on the left; here 
 a cross road runs right and left. On this side of the thirtieth 
 mile-stone, is situated the small village of Grange Bellew; 
 a cross road on the left, leads to Dunleer, another on the 
 light, to Clogher Head. Here stands Rath Church, situated 
 on the right; at the thirtieth mile-stone is situated, on the 
 right, Barmeath, the charming mansion of Sir Edward 
 Bellew, Bart, encircled witli an extensive and well planted 
 demesne. A little farther on, stands the Church on the 
 right, and at a small distance more to the right, is situated 
 Clonmore Church. 
 
19$ 
 
 NEW traveller's guide 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Atherdee or Ardee, 
 
 Drumcar, 
 Cappoge, 
 Clonkeene, 
 Dromyn, 
 
 Philipstown, 
 Ardee, ^ 
 
 Richardstown, 
 Shenlis, 
 
 Gernanstown, 
 Kilsorran, 
 
 Charlestown, 
 Kildemock, 
 Mapiistown, 
 MossstQwn, 
 
 Smermore, 
 Stabannon, 
 Stickillen, 
 
 Tallinstown. 
 
 At the thirty second mile-stone, lie the ruins of Glide 
 Mouth Castle, situated on the right; at the thirty third 
 mile-stone the road crosses the river Dee. Castlebellingham, 
 distant thirty-four miles and a quarter from Dublin Castle, is 
 a very pleasant village, agreeably situated on the River Lagan ; 
 here ale of a very fine quality is brewed. The road from Dunleer 
 unites on the left ; at the lower extremity of the town, a road is- 
 sues on the left, leading to Louth ; at Greenmount, near this 
 town, there is a Danish rath, on an eminence commanding 
 
 At the thirty-sixth mile-stone, stands Dromiskin Church, 
 on the right, where there is a round tower. 
 
 Lurgan G^y^^w,— Distant thirty-seven miles and a half from 
 Dublin Castle, is a neat smart village, situated on the river 
 Fane; here the road from Ardee unites on the left; at an 
 inconsiderable distance to the left, is situated Clermount, 
 an elegant seat, the property of the Earl of Clermount; 
 at the thirty-eighth mile-stone, a cross road from Ardee 
 unites on the left, and Hainstown Church is situated on the 
 left. On this side of the thirty-ninth mile-stone is situated 
 Haggardstown Church on the right, near the sea shore. 
 
 a very extensive prospect. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Louth, 
 
 Derver, 
 Dromiskinj 
 
 Killincool, 
 Louth, 
 
 Mansficldstown. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of DundalJc, 
 
 Ballybarrack, 
 Baron stown, 
 Dunbyn, 
 Foghart, 
 
 H ynstown, 
 Kene, 
 
 Carlingford, 
 Dun.ialk, 
 
 Ballymascanlin, 
 Haggardstown, 
 Philipstown, 
 Roach. 
 
Ton IRELAND. 
 
 197 
 
 Dundallc^ — Distant forty miles and a half from Dublin 
 Castle, is the shire and assizes town of this County ; it is plea- 
 santly situated on a river of the same name, at the mouth 
 of a bay in the Irish Channel, having a fine harbour ; it 
 is a large, ancient, populous and opulent town, consisting of 
 one wide street, nearly a mile long, from which many streets 
 and lanes diverge. Its public buildings are a fine market- 
 house, a court house, a goal, a barrack, and a charter school, 
 liberally endowed by Lord Clanbrissil ; it is most advan-^ 
 tageously situated for a very extensive inland trade. The 
 only cambrick manufacture established in Ireland is car- 
 ried on here ; it was anciently a walled town, but is now dis- 
 mantled : it was originally composed of towers and castles, 
 which have been long since demolished to make room for 
 more commodious habitations. In the reign of Edward the 
 II. it was a royal city, and the last place in which a monarch of 
 Ireland was actually crowned and resided ; as according to 
 Spencer, Robert de Bruce, King of Scotland, embracing the 
 opportunity afforded by the dissentions fomented against 
 Edward, by the refractory barons^ despatched his brother 
 Edward to Ireland, with some Scottish forces : these were 
 quickly reinforced by the disaffected Irish, who joyfully sallied 
 from their woods, and fastnesses to join the invader. This 
 motly group of insurgents and foreigners committed all manner 
 of excesses wherever they approached, sacking, plundering 
 and spoiling every corporate town of the English pale which 
 fell into their hands, until they arrived at Dundalk, where 
 this adventurer was crowned and proclaimed King : here he 
 resided for nearly a year, until Edward's English affairs per- 
 mitted him to attend to the distracted situation of Ireland, 
 whither he sent Lord Bermingham, with sufficient forces to 
 exterminate the intruder, who accordingly encountered him 
 near Dundalk, quickly vanquished his forces, and slew the 
 invader, who thus lost his life and his crown in the conflict. 
 The Castle was destroyed in the rebellion of 1641, It gave 
 the title of Baron to the family of Georges, and returns one 
 member to the united Parliament. Lord Roden has an ele* 
 gant seat contiguous to the town. Its monastic institutions 
 before the reformation, were a priory for Cross-bearers, follow^ 
 ing the order of St. Augustin, and dedicated to St. Leonard, 
 founded by Bertram de Verdon, Lord of the town. — About 
 the latter part of Henry the Second's reign. Queen Elizabeth 
 granted this priory, wiih all its valuable possessions, to Henry 
 Draycot and his heirs in capitc, at a trifling annual rent, Iribh 
 
lifS NEW traveller's GUIDK 
 
 currency. Gray Friary was erected on the cast side of the 
 town, by the Lord John deVerdon, in the reign of Henry 
 the Third. The east window of the church was deemed an 
 elegant specimen of neat and curious workmanship. This 
 friary and all its appurtenances, were granted by Henry the 
 Eigbtli to James Brandon in capite. — The roads from Louth 
 iind Carrickniacross unite on the left. From the northern 
 e xtremity of the town issue the roads branching to Armagh, 
 Newry and Carlingford ; the road leading from Dundalk to 
 Armagh, at the forty-second mile-stone, forks into two bran- 
 ches, that on the left leads to Castleblaney, and the other 
 nn the right, runs to Armagh. At the forty-third mile-stone 
 are the ruins of Balbriggan Castle ; on the right a cross road 
 on the left, leads to Mount- Hill. At the forty-fourth mile- 
 stone, the ruins of Roch Castle, are situated on the left. At 
 the forty-fifth mile-stone, a cross road runs right and left, 
 and the ruins of an old castle lie on the right ; here the county 
 terminates in this direction. On the road passing from Dun- 
 dalk to Newry, a little beyond the forty-second mile-stone, 
 a road branches off, on the left, leading to Market-Hill, 
 and another winding on the right, leads to Carlingford. At 
 the forty-third mile-stone, are the ruins of Faughart Church 
 on the left, and a little beyond the forty-fourth mile-stone, 
 the county terminates in this direction. On the road leading 
 from Dundalk to Carlingford, at the forty-fourth mile- stone, 
 stands Ballymascalon Village, pleasantly situated on the Janes- 
 borough river. A cross road on the left, leads to Newry, 
 At the forty-fifth mile-stone, is situated Bellurgan Park; 
 pleasantl}' extending along the sea shore. At the forty-eighth 
 mile-stone, stands Piedmont on the left, a beautiful residence, 
 the property of the Earl of Clermont ; a little farther on, are 
 tlie ruins of an old castle on the left, and the ruins of an 
 old church on the right. At the fifty-first mile- stone the 
 ruins of an old castle, lie on the left, and the pleasant demesne 
 of Irish Grange is situated on the right. 
 
 (Miles ) 
 
 Drogheda • . • . . — 
 
 Dunleer 7 
 
 Castlebellingham .... 4 
 
 Lurgan Green 3 
 
 Dundalk 3 40i 
 
 23i 
 30^ 
 34i 
 37i 
 
 N. B. The road running along the sea leads to Castle- 
 bellingham, without touching at Dunleer. 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 199 
 
 Carlingfar'd, — Distant fifty one miles and three quarters 
 from Dublin Castle, is an inconsiderable town, pleasingly 
 situated on a bay of the same name, remarkable for produce- 
 ing fine flavoured oysters, of which vast quantities are sent 
 every season to Dublin. The harbour is deep and spacious^ 
 where the largest ship may anchor in safety, being sheltered 
 by the adjacent lofty mountains ; but these local advantages 
 are more than counterbalanced by the dangerous rocks, whicii 
 obstruct a secure refuge in tempestuous weather, and there- 
 fore, hke the Sybel's grotto, it is avoided by the sea-beaten 
 mariners. Here are the ruins of a very strong castle, sup- 
 posed to have been erected by King John in 1210, boldi}' 
 situated on a solid rock, washed by the sea ; the walls of this 
 edifice were eleven feet thick. It commanded a very strong 
 pass between the northern and southern counties by means 
 of a narrow causeway, constructed over an impassable bog. 
 The rays of the setting sun are intercepted from the in- 
 habitants of this town by the intervening elevation of the 
 adjacent mountains, for a considerable time before it descends 
 below the horizon. At the opposite extremity of the town 
 still exist the ruinous fi'agments of a monastery, founded 
 in 1305 by Richard de Burgh, Earl of Ulster, for Doniinican 
 preachers, under the invocation of St. Malachy. The visible 
 demarcation of its limits, still existing, proves it to have been 
 a sumptuous and magnificent structure. Henry the Eighth 
 granted this monastic establishment, with ail its immunities, 
 exemptions, and possessions, to Nicholas Bagnel, in capita 
 for ever, without any rent whatsoever. It gives the title of 
 Viscount to the family of Carpenter, now created Earl of 
 Tyrconnel, and was a borough previous to the Union. The 
 road from Newry unites on the left. Tliis wild, rocky and 
 mountainous promontory is thickly interspersed with ancient 
 castles, mounds and raths, erected to protect the possessions 
 of the successive proprietors, who seem to have been well 
 aware of its natural advantages to secure a permanent estab- 
 lishment, and therefore have left ample records of their in- 
 dustry, to testify the sagacity of their speculation. 1 he 
 road passing from Drogheda to Dunk-er, 6n this side of th<,* 
 twenty-seventh mile-stone, forks into two branches, that on 
 the left leads to Ardee, and the other on the right to Drm- 
 leer. At the twenty eighth mile-stone, a cross road runs l<» 
 the right, and Caterstown demesne is situated on the right. 
 At the twenty-ninth milc-stone, under a lofty hill stanrls 
 Stonehouse romantic demesne; u cross road ruj;:; to the right. 
 
200 
 
 NEW TRAVELLER'S GUIDE 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Dundalk — 4-0^ 
 
 Bally mascanlan . . , • 3? 431 
 Carlingford . . . . . 8 51 1 
 
 Dufileer, — Distant thirty miles and a half from Diiblin 
 Castle, is an ancient decayed village, situated on a streamlet 
 flowing into the river Dee. It was a borough previous to the 
 Union : two cross roads run to right and two to the left ; 
 at the thirty-first mile-stone a road branching off' on the 
 right, leads to Castlebellingham ; at the thirty-second mile- 
 htone, the road crosses the river Dee ; a cross road runs right 
 and left, and Clintinstown church is situated on the left : a 
 little farther on, the road forks into two branches ; that on 
 the right leads to Castlebellingham, and the other on the 
 left, to the mill of Louth. At the thirty-fifth mile-stone a 
 cross road on the right, leads to Dundalk; at the thirty- 
 seventh mile-stone, a cross road on the right leads to Dun- 
 dalk, and another on the left to Ardee ; at the thirty-eighth 
 mile-stone the road forks into two branches ; that on the left 
 branches towards Castle Blaney, and the other on the right 
 leads to the town of Louth, which is distant thirty-nine 
 miles from Dublin Castle. Though a place of great antiquity 
 which gives name to the barony, it is now a decayed village. 
 Here St. Patrick founded an abbey for St. Mochteus, a 
 Britain, who, according to M'Geoghegan, lived to the in- 
 credible age of three hundred years and three days, (Credat 
 Judoeas Apella.) On the same authority it is asserted, that 
 one hundred bishops and three hundred presbyters, all eminently 
 distinguished for piety and learning, were educated in a school 
 established in this abbey. In 9P8, Murreartagh son of Donnell 
 King of Ireland, pillaged the abbies of Louth, and Drum- 
 shallon, then possessed by the Danes, many of whom were 
 slaughtered. In 981, the steeple of Louth was blown down. 
 In 104? 3, Andalus O'Ruaire pillaged Louth and all the 
 adjacent district; but the indignation of the holy saints Mochteus 
 and Ronan, at such sacrilege amply revenged the injury, 
 having caused the plunderer to be assassinated by a mean fellow, 
 named Little Art. It is rather marvellous that the same 
 overruling influence of these tutelary guardians did not pre- 
 serve the steeple from the effects of the storm, and the 
 sacrilege committed by King Donnell's son. In 1111, this abbey 
 was consumed by fire. In 1148, the abbey was consumed 
 in a general conflagration. On the scite of the abbey a 
 priory for canons regular was erected at the joint expense 
 
FOR iRtLANU. 
 
 bf the Bishop of Clogher, and Prince of Orgeal, which w^^s 
 consecrated by Malachy, Archbishop of Armagh, and ap- 
 pointed a sanctuary. Louth was frequently sacked and pil- 
 laged. In 1242, a chapter was held here by the Archbishop 
 of Armagh, at which all the abbots, priors, and regular 
 canons iil the kingdom were collected, and many holy relics 
 exhibited to edify the people. In 14*88, the Prior being 
 concerned in the rebellion fomented in favour of Lambert 
 Symnell, received the king's pardon. This rich monastery, 
 with all its extensive possessions, was granted at its suppres- 
 sion, by Henry the Eighth to Oliver Plunket, Baron of 
 Louth. ' A cross road on the left leads to the mill of Louth 
 and another on the right runs to Dundalk* On the road 
 leading from Drogheda to Ardee, at the twenty-seventh mile- 
 stone, lie the ruins of Monasterboyce Abbey, founded at a 
 \"ery early period by St. Boetius, son of Bronate. In 1097 
 this abbey was destroyed by fire. Here are the ruins of two 
 Chapels, whose structure evince their antiquity. On the 
 south side of the Church, stand two crosses, one of which 
 named St. Boyne's Cross^ is ornamented with figures rudely 
 engraven; the inscription nearly defaced, is in the Irish 
 characters. It is deemed the most ancient religious relic 
 Jiow extant in Ireland. Near the west end of the chapel is 
 a round tower, one hundred and ten feet high, still in a 
 ^ery fine state of preservation. At the twenty-eighth mile«» 
 stone, a cross road runs right and left. 
 
 Colion, — Distant twenty-nine miles and a half from Dublin 
 Castle, is a neat well built little town, having a fine church 
 adorned with an handsome spire and steeple. Here a stocking 
 manufactory is established under the patronage of the Right 
 Honorable John Foster, an enlightened statesman, and the libe- 
 ral promoter of our ^reat national staple commodity, the 
 linen manufacture. The demesne of CoUon, contiguous to 
 the town, is tastefully ornamented with extensive plantations. 
 The roads from Slane and Dunleer meet at this town ; two roads 
 issue on the left, one leading to Kells, and the other to King's 
 Court. The road leading to Ardee forks into two branches, 
 one on the right and the other on the left; at the thirty-first 
 mile-stone, a cross road runs to the left; at the thirty-second 
 mile-stone, a cross road leads to the right; at the thirty- 
 third mile-stone, a cross road on the left, runs to Drumcon- 
 dra : on this side of the thirty-fourth mile-stone the road from 
 Slane unites on the left. At the next end of the town, the 
 roads from Kells, Callon, and Dunleer unite, 
 
 2 D 
 
202 
 
 KKW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 Drogheda 
 Col Ion 
 Ardce 
 
 Mill of Louth 
 Corcreah 
 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 • • 
 
 
 
 
 51 
 
 294 
 
 
 5i 
 
 34t 
 
 • • 
 
 5 
 
 39^: 
 
 
 24 
 
 411 
 
 Ardce, — Distant tln'rty-four nillcs and a half from Dublin 
 Castle, is pleasantly situated on the river Dee : it was anciently 
 a walled town, though now much fallen into decay. Here 
 a strong castle was erected by Thomas Peppard, Lord of 
 Ardee. It gives the title of Baron to the family of Brabazon, 
 Earls of Meath, and was a borough previous to the Union, 
 returning two members to the Irish parhament. In 1207, the 
 Same Roger Lord of Ardee, founded an hospital for crouched 
 fHars or cross-bearers, following the rule of St. Augustin, 
 for the good of his own, his wife's, father's, mother's and bro- 
 ther's souls, who it seems, by this stipulation, and on such spe- 
 cified conditions with heaven, were to be exempted from spiritual 
 regeneration, and purgatorial tortures. Thus, as rich sinners may 
 evade eternal reprobation, sometimes wealthy knaves escape 
 the gallows. In 1215 great immunities were granted to this 
 hospital by charter. In 1340, King Edward the Third con- 
 firmed all the former privileges and charters of this house. 
 This great establishment, with all its possessions, was granted 
 by King James the First to Sir Garret Moore, by letters 
 patent. In the reign of Edward the First, a Carmelite friary 
 was founded here, to which Ralph Peppard granted certain 
 annual charitable allowances. In 1313, the church of this 
 friary, filled with men, vv^omen and children, was consumed 
 to ashes by the Scots and Irish commanded by Edward Bruce. 
 Three roads issue from the lower end of the town, one lead- 
 ing to Carrickmacross ; the direct road runs to Castleblaney, 
 and another inclining to the right leads to Dundalk. Near 
 Ardee there is a magnificent mount of considerable eleva- 
 tion, named Castle Guard, It is apparently artificial ; its 
 perpendicular height is about ninety ieet, its circumference 
 at the foundation is about six hundred feet, and at the summit 
 it is about an hundred and forty feet. It is surrounded, by 
 a deep and wide trench. It is tastefully planted, which gives 
 it a picturesque and romantic appearance. On this side of 
 the thirty-seventh mile-Ftoue, stands Charlestown Church : a 
 cross road runs right and left ; at the thirty-eighth fnije-stone 
 a cro?s road runs to the ri^ht. 
 
^OR IRELAND. 
 
 20S 
 
 Mill of Louth,— Aa inconsiderable village, pleasantly situated 
 on the river Lagan, is distant thirty-nine miles and a half 
 from Dublin Cattle ; here the road from Dunleer unites on 
 the right, and a road branching off, on the right, stretches 
 towards Dundalk ; at the forty-first mile-stone a cross road 
 on the right, leads to Dundalk, on this side of the forty-second 
 mile-stone, a cross road on the left, leads to Carrickmacross : 
 and another on the right, runs to Dundalk; on this side of the 
 forty-third mile-stone the county terminates in this direction. 
 On the road leading from Drogheda to Slane, on the northern 
 bank of the river Boyne, an obelisk is erected at the second 
 mile-stone from Drogheda, in commemoration of the splendid 
 atchievement, already noticed ; at the fourth mile-stone, a 
 a streamlet separating the counties of Louth and Eastmeath, 
 bounds the county in this direction. This county, although very 
 limited in the extent of its dimensions, being deemed the 
 smallest county in Ireland, has been the theatre of many 
 sanguinary conflicts between the different invaders and the 
 struggling natives in effectually combating to retain an exclu- 
 sive possession. The fragments of the numerous monastic in- 
 stitutions still existing, faithfully record the pious superstition 
 which checked this ferocious barbarity of boundless ambition, 
 as the erroneous maxim artfully inculcated, that the erection 
 of a splendid temple, dedicated to the Deity, would expiate 
 crimes however wantonly and dehberately committed, induced 
 illustrious robbers to sacrifice a portion of their spoils to 
 insure the salvation of their souls. Thus conscious guilt ex- 
 cited terror, which produced that multiplicity of religious 
 edifices, so profusely scattered in all directions over this fair 
 island ; and as necessity dictated the cultivation of geometrical 
 calculation in the muddy plains of Egypt, so the subtile policy 
 of priest-craft, introduced architectural science, as the most 
 effectual means to subjugate a credulous multitude under 
 the influence of spiritual dominion. Thus abbies were mul- 
 tiplied, and warriors were terrifled. However, by this discordant 
 combination of dissimilar causes, mankind vcre civilized, and 
 the arts and sciences gradually succeeded military slaughter. 
 The selfish ambition of the pi icstliood magically operated on 
 the imaginaton of the vulgar, and the restless dis])osition 
 of Imman nature was insensibly diverted to more jieaceful 
 habits and indujtrious occupations ; the reverence with v. hich 
 these holy mansions were generally adored, materially con- 
 tributed to preserve the most precious records of antiquity, 
 which niust have oiiiciwibe been ii revocably destroyed. Thitj 
 
tiEw traveller's guide 
 
 consideration induces an involnntary connivance at the dc-* 
 ficicncy of the title by which possession was originally obtained, 
 as the splendid liberality of an usurper reconciles the subject to 
 the mortifying humiliation of innovation. The linen manufactory 
 is most flourishingly established in every portion of this thickly 
 inhabited county. It is unnecessary to descant on the variety ot 
 soil which a chain of high grounds, gradually ascending irom 
 the sea coast generally exhibits, as it must be light on the 
 summits, and rich in the valleys. The mountainous tracts 
 ;ire situated between Dundallc and Carhngford, whose soil is 
 invariably moor, or mossy peat, where naked rocks do not 
 e!^clusively occupy the surface. 
 
fOR IRELAND. 205 
 A Table of Fairs held in this Count?/ cvzry month of the yeai\ 
 
 Places wUere held. 
 
 Miillaghrevv 
 Foofixart - 
 Dundalk - 
 
 Mullaghrew 
 Annagossan - 
 Mullaghre\v 
 Louth 
 
 Mullaghrevr - - 
 Castlebellingham 
 Ravinsdale - - 
 
 Mullaglirew - 
 Annagossan - 
 CoUon - . 
 Drogheda 
 Dunleer * ^ 
 Dundalk - ■ 
 Drumcashel ■ 
 Lurgan green 
 
 Ar^ee 
 Mullaghrew 
 Rochdale 
 Drogheda 
 Coll on 
 
 Castletown 
 Dunleer - 
 Dundalk - 
 Ravcnsdale 
 
 June, 
 6 
 17 
 20 
 22 
 29 
 
 July. 
 
 Places u'/icre hdi 
 
 Lurgangreen 
 Mullaghrew - - 
 Annagossiin - - 
 
 Dates, 
 
 25 
 26 
 
 L>7 
 
 Mullaghrevv^ 
 Artlee 
 Drogheda 
 Dundalk - 
 
 15 
 20 
 
 26 
 
 Mullaghrew - - 
 Dunleer - - - 
 
 Ravensdale - - 
 
 Carlingford - - 
 Castlebellingham 
 
 Drumcashel - - 
 
 Mullaghrew - - 
 
 Rochdale - - 
 
 Collon - - - 
 
 A race - - - 
 
 Dundalk - - - 
 
 Drojjheda - - 
 
 Annagossan -* 
 Lurgangreen 
 Ravensdale - 
 Mullaghrew - 
 Collon - - 
 
 Dunleer • 
 Dundalk - 
 Ardce 
 Mullaghrew 
 
 8 
 
 19 
 
 Oct 
 1 
 
 10 
 10 
 12 
 IS 
 
 20 
 20 
 
 23 
 25 
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NEW THAVELLEr's GUIDt 
 
 COUNTY OF WATERFORD. 
 
 The County of Waterford is bounded on the north by 
 the river Suir, which separates it from the Counties of Kil- 
 kenny and Tipperary, on the east by its own harbour, which 
 divides it from the County of Wexford ; on the south by the 
 ocean ; and on the west by the County of Cork. Its greatest 
 extent from north to south is about thirt3'-eight Irish miles, 
 and from east to west about fifteen Irish miles. Its surface 
 contains 262,800 acres Irish plantation measure, including 
 bogs, mountains and waste : it consists of seven Baronies, 
 Gualtiere, Middle Third, Upper Third, Glancherry, Decies 
 without Drum, Decies within Drum, Coshmore and Coshbride. 
 Waterford City, with its liberties, constitutes a distinct county 
 in itself : it is divided into sevent3^-four parishes ; the surface is 
 rough, rocky, and mountainous; its soil varies accordingly, 
 passing through all the gradations from rich loam to moory 
 and mossy peat. The vallies are fertile and luxurious. 
 
 Waterford City, — Distant seventy-four miles and a half from 
 Dublin Castle, is situated on the south side of tlie river Suir. 
 It is an episcopal see, and is governed by a mayor, sherilts, 
 and recorder. Its lately erected Cathedral adorned with an 
 elegant steeple, is a chaste model of modern architecture ; the 
 episcopal palace is also a fine structure, built of hewn-stone, and 
 double fronted. The other public edifices are constructed in 
 a splendid stile of elegance, and essentially contribute to or- 
 nament the city. There are three parochial churches, besides 
 the cathedral, four Roman Catholic Chapels, and other difte- 
 
rOR IRELAND. 
 
 rent places of divine worship for various other sects ; its white 
 ^lass and other manufactories, are in a flourishin^r condition ; 
 its exports of beef, butter, hides, tallow, pork, corn, are very- 
 considerable, to which an extensive inland navio^ation by means 
 of the rivers Suir, Nore and Barrow, materially contributes, 
 as also to make a brisk demand for foreign commodities 
 in the several rich towns and flourishing counties through 
 which these rivers flow. This city employs about seventy 
 vessels in the Newfoundland trade, whence they sail to the 
 West Indies and return richly freighted with the luxurious 
 productions of these tropical climates. The number of large 
 hogs weekly slaughtered dui ing the season, exceeds 3,000 on an 
 average. The quanty of butter annually exported from this 
 port exceeds 80,000 casks : these two articles alone, form a 
 tolerable specimen of the other branches of export commodi- 
 ties shipped from this city. Its numerous charitable institu- 
 tions are well conducted and liberally supported. The private; 
 dwellings lately erected, are built in a corresponding stile with 
 the other modern improvements, rapidly increasing: many of 
 its streets were originally very narrow, an inconvenience which 
 can only be gradually remedied. Here are a fine court-house, 
 exchange, custom-house, goal, tholsel, theatre, coffee-house, 
 barracks, and assembly rooms. Here the county assizes are 
 held, and the county members elected. It returns one member 
 to the United Parliament. The harbour is deep and spacious ; 
 its entrance is eff'ectually protected by Duncannon Fort; packet 
 boats are established between this port and Milford -haven, 
 for the convenient intercourse of the south of Ireland with 
 great Britain. The quay, about half a mile long, is considered 
 the most beautiful in Europe, where the largest vessels may 
 conveniently load and unload, and at a small distance continue 
 constantly afloat. A fine wooden bridge has been erected here 
 to facilitate an uninterrupted communication widi the coimties 
 of Wexford and Kilkenny. This City gives the title of Eari 
 to the family of Talbot, also of Viscount to the fiamily of 
 Lumley, and of Marquis to the Earl of Tyrone. Waterford 
 was originally built in 870, but was totally destroyed in 981: 
 it was considerably enlarged by Strongbow in 1171 ; and Henry 
 the Seventh granted very extensive liberties to the citizens 
 for their attachment to his person, against the pretensions 
 of Perkin Warbeck. Richard the Second landed, and was 
 crowned here in 1399. In 1690, James the Second embarked 
 here for France, after his defeat at the battle of the Boyne. 
 It was twice visited by Kin^ William the Third, who confirmed 
 
208 
 
 KEW traveller's guide 
 
 all its privelfges. Several towers and castles l:ave been for* 
 merly erected hcrc^ one of which, named Reginald's tower, 
 still rcniains, supposed to have been built by the son of Ivorus 
 the Danish King. Strongbow converted it into a pHson for 
 refractory Irish and Danish chieftains. In 1663, it was made 
 a military store repGr>itory. The present barracks are erected 
 on the scite of an ancient s<jnarc (brt, encompassed with a moat. 
 The cathedral dedicated to the blessed Trinit}', was originally 
 founded by the Danes or Ostmen, of which Malchus was 
 consecrated the first bishop. Cromwell, in the splendid and 
 irresistible career of his military atchievements, besieged and 
 Bubdued this city, although fortified and v^alled in the strongest 
 manner that the then imperfect knowledge of fortification 
 deemed requisite for security and protection : its monastic in- 
 stitutiojis previous to the Reformation, were the Priory of St. 
 Catherin's, founded by the Ostmen, for Angustinian Canons 
 of the congregation of St. Victor. In llli, this city was 
 destroyed by fire. Edward Poer, the last prior, at its sup- 
 pression, was sie:?ed of the impropriate tithes of Baluaclogh, 
 and two parts of the tithes of Balleigarry, in Tanniswood, in 
 the County of Tipperary, which now constitute a considerable- 
 portion of the estate possessed by the Digby family. Queen 
 Elizabeth granted this priory, with various portions of 
 its extensive possessions, to Elizabeth Butler, Alias Sherlock. 
 The priory of St. John the Evangelist, was founded by John 
 Earl of Morton, in the suburbs of the city, in 1185, for monks 
 of the order of St. Benedict, Peter De Fonte was a muni- 
 ficent benefactor to this house. In 1315, King Edward the 
 Second granted a charter to this priory, which, with sun- 
 dry possessions thereto pertaining, was at its ' suppression, 
 granted to William Wyse and his heii-s male, at the annual 
 rent of a Knight's fee upon application of the citizens to 
 King Henry the Third. — In 1226, he granted his royal appro- 
 bation, that a waste piece of ground, late the scite of an an- 
 cient tower, should be selected for the erection of the monastery 
 of St. Saviour. This monastery called the Black Friars, 
 constitutes the present Court House. King Henry the Eighth 
 granted this friary, with all its extensive possessions, to James; 
 White in capite for ever, at the annual rent of four shillings, 
 Irish currency. Franciscan friary destined for conventual Fran- 
 ciscans, was founded by Lord Hugh Purcel. In 124-0, Henry 
 the Third, and afterwards Edward the First, granted some 
 inconsiderable aids to the support of this abbey ; the steeple 
 is still entire: at the suppression of this abbey, Henry the 
 
THE imm 
 
 OF TBE 
 
POA IRELAND. 
 
 209 
 
 li!iVlitli, divided its possessions between Patrick Walsh and 
 David BailifFe, 
 
 Parishes in the Liberties of Waterford, 
 
 Killoteran, Waterford, Kiibarry. 
 
 A road issuing on the left from Waterford, runs along the 
 ^outh bank of the river Suir, to Passage : about a mile from 
 Waterford, a cross road sweeps off to the right. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Giialtiere. 
 
 Corbally, Kilsaintlaurence, Kilmacleague, 
 
 Crook, Moneminter, Kihuacomb, 
 
 Faithleag, Ballinakill, Rathmoylan. 
 
 Kilcarragh, Ballygunner, 
 
 Kilcop, Killea, 
 
 Passage^ — Is situated six miles to the east of Waterford, and 
 lies at the foot of a steep hill, on the summit of which, a church is 
 erected. In the roads 500 vessels may ride in safety : the 
 piers are constructed on the scite of an old block house, for- 
 merly mounted with many guns, and placed under ihe command 
 of the governor of Duncannon Fort, which is situated at 
 about a league's distance on the Wexford side of tho harbour. 
 In 1649, Cromwell sent a small detachment to reduce the place, 
 which service, after a feeble resistance, was effectually accom- 
 plished. In 1663, the the Duke of Ormond was appointed 
 governor of the fort and town of Passage for life ; the pro- 
 jection of the hill intercepts the sun's rays from the towH 
 Ibr a considerable portion of the day, particularly in winter. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Middle Third. 
 
 Drumcannon, Kilronan, Rcisk, 
 Islandakean, Lisnakill, Donkill, 
 
 Kilbride, Kilmeadone, Newcastle. 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Waterford — ["i^k 
 
 Tramore 6 | 80i 
 
 2 E 
 
HEW TRAVELLERS GUlDii 
 
 On the road leading from Watcrford to Tram ore, on ihU 
 feide of the third mile-stone, is sit\iated the well planted de- 
 mesne of Baliinamoan : at the fourth mile-stone, stands Drum- 
 cannon church, on the left. 
 
 Tramore, — Distant eighty miles and a half from Dublin 
 Castle, and six from Waterford, is a very neat regular, well 
 built village, situated on a broad, open, and dangerous bay, 
 in St. George's Channel, often fatally mistaken for Watcrforcl 
 harbour in tempestuous and hazy weather, to the utter destruc- 
 tion of both vessel and mariners. This delightful village is 
 considered the best bathing place on the eastern coast in the 
 south of Ireland, and is much frequented in the summer season. 
 Here a handsome market house is erected for the accomoda- 
 tion, and a neat assembly room, for the amusement of its nume-r 
 rous fashionable visitors. There is also a billiard table where 
 the gentleman may lounge in rainy weather. From Tramoro 
 a road sweeps off on the I'ight, running along the coast to Dun- 
 garvan, on which road many fishing villages, and hamlets are 
 situated, but no place, or town of consequence sufficiently re- 
 markable to attract the traveller's notice. On the road leading 
 from waterford to Dungarvan, at the third mile-stone, are 
 situated Killottery church and charier school on the right. 
 At the fourth mile-stone, the road forks into two branches, that 
 on the right runs to Carrick, and the other on the left, to 
 Dungarvan ; here also is situated the beautiful seat of Mount 
 Congreve, commanding an extensive prospect over the river, 
 majestically flowing underneath, and covered with numerous 
 craft, passing between Waterford, Carrick and Clonmcl. On 
 this side of the eighth mile-stone, are the ruins of Newcastle 
 Church, situated on the left ; at the tenth mile-stone, stands 
 Newtov/n Inn ; here are the ruins of an old church situated on 
 the left. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Upper Tliird, 
 
 Cionegan, Disert, Kilmoleran, 
 
 Fenoagh, Guilcagh, Mothel, 
 
 Ballylameen, Kilban7meadon, Rathcormuck. 
 
 Kilmacihomas^ — Distant eighty- three miles and three fourths 
 from Dublin Castle, and eleven miles and three fourths from 
 Waterford city, is a pleasant village, agreeably situated on the 
 river Maghan. Here is a small barrack, fitted up for the 
 
roR Ireland. 
 
 211 
 
 jiccommodation of twenty soldiers ; here also stood a fine castle 
 erected by the family of Power. In le^S, Sir Charles Vavasor 
 reduced this castle with many others situated in the eastern, 
 districts of the county. The road from Carrick unites on the 
 right ; a road issuing on the left, leads to Bonmahon ; at the 
 sixteenth mile-stone, the road crosses the river Tay : here the 
 ruins of Fox's Castle lie on the left: at the seventeenth mile- 
 stone, are the ruins of Ballycheroge Castle situ^ited on the 
 left. 
 
 Parishes in the B(iyoiiij of Dccies "uciilicUt Dmnu 
 
 Kilrusiij Kilgobenct, Seskennan, 
 
 Aff'ane, Kilmolash, Htradbally, 
 
 Clonea, Kilrossanty, Whitechurch, 
 
 CoUigan, Modeligo, Villierstown. 
 
 D ungar van f lli n gon agl i , 
 
 Fews, Kossmere, 
 
 At the twentieth mile-stone, a road branches off on the left 
 leading to Abbeyside: here the road from Tramore unites; on 
 this side of the twenty-third mile-stone, tjie road crosses the 
 CoUigan river, where the road issuing from Dungarvan unites 
 on the left. 
 
 Dungarvan^ — Distant one-^hundred miles from Dublin Castle, 
 and twenty-one from Waterford City, is a large populous well 
 built town, very conveniently situated on the southern side of 
 a bay of the same name : ^t is deemed the largest fishing 
 town in Ireland. Here is a barrack for two companies of foot t 
 vast quantities of potatoes are shipped from this town for the 
 Dublin Market, and likewise birch-brooms, jocosely stiled car- 
 goes of fruit and timber : it has a good market and session house. 
 The barrack is situated on the scite of an old castle, erectetl 
 by King John, which was afterwards seized and repaired by 
 the Desmond family. This castle was vested in the crown, by 
 act of parliament, passed in the reign of King Henry the Eighth. 
 This town was incorporated about the year 1463: its privileges 
 %veie renewed and its charter confirmed by James the First, 
 for the loyalty, attachment, and fidelity, manifested by the in- 
 linbitants dining the rebellion fomented in the reign of Queen 
 I'^liziibetli ; it is governed by a sovereign, recorder, and twelve 
 brethren, annually ekcted : the admiralty of the harbour w£^ 
 
212 
 
 KEW traveller's GLflDL 
 
 vested in the sovereign, with a similar jurisdiction as the mayor 
 of Bristol enjoyed. This cliarter was renewed in 1659, by 
 Richard Cromwell, during the short period oi' his protector- 
 sliip. In 1689, James the Second, after his abdication, renewed 
 the charter, and extended the former privileges, but this royal 
 favour proved an useless boon to the citizens, as its validity 
 would not be admitted by King William the Third. The several 
 ruins still existing, evince that splendid monastic institutions 
 were founded here. In the seventh century an abbey of re- 
 gular canons was founded by St. Garbhan, a disciple of St. 
 Firbar, of which edifice no vestige now remains. Thomas, 
 Lord Offaly, who was justiciary of Ireland, in 1295, founded 
 an Augustinian friary, for Eremites; this institution was richly 
 endowed by the family of Magrath. Queen Elizabeth granted 
 a lease of this friary, with its sundry possessions, to Roger Dal- 
 ton, for a trifling anniml rent : it was situated on the other 
 side of the water, opposite the town; the remaining fragments 
 prove it to have been a neat light Gothic structure; the steeple 
 above sixty feet high, is supported by a curious vault ; its cells 
 occupied a very considerable space. Near the altar, on the north 
 side of the church, is situated the tomb of Donald Magrath, 
 who was interred here in the year 1400; here an hospital for 
 lepers was erected and endowed, under the invocation of St. 
 Bridgid ; it returns one member to the Imperial Parliament. 
 This town is much frequented in the summer and bathing season 
 by fashionable visitors. On the road passing from Dungarvan 
 to Youghal, at the first mile-tone, a road sweeping off on the 
 right, leads to Capj)oquin ; on this side of the fifth mile-stone 
 is situated White Church on the left, and a cross road runs to the 
 right. About a mile from tiiis church, there is a stupenduous 
 cavern, called the Pigeon Hole, to which there is an easy de- 
 scent by a narrow declivity of about fifty feet, opening into a 
 large cave, above one hundred and fifty feet long, from whicii 
 a small chamber diverges near the entrance; through this 
 chamber a subterraneous river flows in a natural aqueduct, ex- 
 cavated in a solid rock ; this river sinks under ground at Balli- 
 nacourty, and passing through this cave, emerges again at 
 -Knockane, about a mile from the place where it first disappeared; 
 various chambers radiate from the principal cave, on the right 
 and left, the entrances to which chambers are very intricate, but 
 the fantastical crystalizations they exhibit, amply repay the d'ffi- 
 cultirs encountered by prying curiosity to explore nature's mag- 
 Xiifictnt operations in her most hidden recesses. 
 
FOR IRELAJSD. 
 
 216 
 
 (Miles ) 
 
 Waterford . . , , — 74^ 
 
 Kilmacthomas . . . 1)1 86* 
 
 Dungarvan .... 9^ 95^ 
 
 Parishes in Decies "within Drwui, 
 
 Aglisli, Ardmore, Ballymacart, 
 
 Clashmore, Kinsalebeg, Lisgennan. 
 
 At the sixth mile-stone from Dungarvan, a cross road runs 
 tight and left : the direct road runs along a chain of mountains 
 situated on the left, to Dromana, the splendid residence of the! 
 Earl of Grandison, whence the road inclining to the left, leads 
 to the ferry, communicating with Youghal. A little beyond 
 the third mile-stone, on the road leading from Dungarvan to 
 Cappoquin, the road from Clonmell unites on the right; 
 a little beyond the fourth mile-stone, are situated the ruins of 
 Capuck Castle, to the left; at the fifth mile-stone, the road 
 crosses the Finisk river ; at the sixth mile-stone, the road from 
 Clonmell unites on the right, and a road issues on the left, lead- 
 ing to Youghal. At the eighth mile- stone, a road from Clonmel 
 unites on the right, and a cross road runs on the left, leading to 
 Aglish village, distant one hundred and one miles from Dublin 
 Castle, where there exist the remains of an ancient square en- 
 closure, consisting of a high wall having towers at each angle : 
 on the south side there is a gate -way protected by a portcullis; 
 loop holes have been fixed along the walls, over which tlio 
 battlements seem to have been erected ; the towers are the only 
 parts of the fortification that appear to have been roofed ; this 
 fortress most probably was erected previous to the invention 
 of gunpowder, and before the discovery of fire arms. Tra- 
 dition imputes its construction to King John, to secure a 
 communication between the counties of Cork and Waterford, 
 "Within a mile of this villao;e are the venerable ruins of a fine 
 ancient abbey. 
 
 Clashmore, — Is an inconsideraale village, dih^tant one hundred 
 and four miles from Dublin Castle; here an abbey for canons 
 regular was founded in the seventh century: by St. Cronau 
 Mechua. The lands of which at its suppression wero granted 
 in fee farm to Sir W;i!ter lli»l"igh. At the one hundred and fifth 
 iTiih -stone, are the ruins of an old castle, situated between the 
 road and the B!uc!c \V'"ate^; i\i \ one huiuhed ;uul oi^'hth mil<* 
 
KEW TRAVEiiLEll's GUIDE 
 
 stone, the mountain road from Dungarvan, alreaxly noticctt^ 
 unites on the left at Kingsalebcg Church; whence the ferry 
 across the Black Water conveys to Youghal ; a cross road on 
 the left, winds along the sea coast to Ardmorc Head, situated 
 ft)ur miles to the east of Youghal. Ardmore, although now 
 a poor hamlet, wass anciently an episcopal see, where the frag- 
 ments of two ancient churches still exist, one of which situated 
 on a cliff' near the sea, appears to have been the lirst erected, 
 the other, situated about a mile north-west of the former, seeni!) 
 to be very ancient ; the pillars supporting an handsome Gothic 
 arch, which separates the chancel from the body of the church, 
 appear more mas'sy than those of the Tuscan order, a very 
 presumptive testimony of its antiquity ; the chancel is roofed 
 jind is used for divine worship : on the west of the church, Adam 
 and Eve, the tree and the serpent, and the judgment of Solomon 
 are delineated, in alto relievo, on free-stone. These efforts of art, 
 however rude, are venerable for their antiquity, and prove that 
 sculpture was known in Ireland in the fifth century, previous 
 to which period, this church was erected, as appears from inc- 
 fragible records. Near this church stands a fine round tower, up- 
 wards of one hundred feet high, and forty-five feet in circumfe- 
 rence. In the church-yard, there is a sm^ll low building, called 
 the Dormitory of St. Declan. On the road leading from Water- 
 ford to Carrick, a little beyond the fourth mile stone, are the 
 ruins of an old castle, situated between the road and the river 
 Suir ; at the fifth mile stone stands Kilmaiden Church, on the 
 right, and an intended line of a new road, leading to Clonmel, 
 is marked on the left; at the ninth mile stone, a little beyond 
 the pleasant rivulet of Portlaw, the road forks into two branche?;, 
 that on the left running through the extensive demesne of Cur- 
 raghmore, the residence of the Marquiss of Wateiford, which, 
 for beauty and variety of rural scenery c^mnot be surpassed in 
 any part of the united kingdom ; in embellishing its natural ad- 
 vantages, all the efforts of arc, united with taste, have been 
 liberally exerted by the munificence of the noble proprietors. 
 Curaghmore House stands on the scite of an old castle, origi- 
 nally erected by the family, part of which still remains ; the 
 present mansion was built in 1700; Sir Ilichard Le Pocr was 
 created Baron Le Poer and Curraghmore in 1535, whose 
 descendant Richard, Le Poer, was created Viscount Decies, 
 and Earl of Tyrone in 16T3 ; he was succeeded by his son John, 
 w^ho dying without issue in 1693, the title and honours of the. 
 family devolved on his brotlier James, by whose death in 1704, 
 without male issue, the title became extinct; his only daugh- 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 tcr, Lady Catherine, having married Sir Marcus Beresford, 
 Baronet, he was created Viscount Tyrone, by King George 
 the First, and thus the ancient family distinctions were revived 
 in the female branch. From such an ancient stock of noble 
 ancestry, the present Marquis of Waterford is descended. 
 The right hand branch of the road, passing along the brow of 
 a lofty mountain, commands an enchanting and extensive pros- 
 p!?ct of the river Suir, majestically rolling underneath, and of 
 the thickly inhabited, highly cultivated, and weW wooded county 
 of Kilkenny, extending its verdant meads in rich profusion in 
 all directions, as far as the eye can reacli ; the sides of the 
 mountains, through which this romantic road passes, are de- 
 lightfully fringed with copses of oak, gradually creeping 
 towards their sterile and dusky summits : at the twelfth mile stone 
 fire the ruins of Tybroghery Castle, situated on the Kilkenny 
 side of the river Suir, and a little farther on, the Curroghmoro 
 road unites on the left. No portion of this Island can exhibit 
 a more picturesque and delightful journey than the distance in- 
 tervening between Waterford and Carrick, either by the main 
 road, or the more circuitous sweeping road, running through 
 Curraghmore demesne, where the difference of the distance 
 is more than compensated by the exquisite gratification derived 
 from contemplating the diversified beauties with which this 
 enchanting spot abounds. Carrick is dij^tant fourteen nnles and 
 a half from Waterford, on the road passing from Carrick to 
 Kilmacthomas. At the first mile stone, a road branches off on 
 the right, running through the mountains to Cappoquin. At 
 the third mile stone, lie the ruins of Muthel Church, on tho 
 left ; at the fourth mile stone, the road crosses the Clodogh river, 
 where the ruins of Clone Castle are situated on the right; at 
 the fifth mile stone, the road from Portlaw unites on the left; 
 at the sixth mile stone, a road running towards Newtown, 
 branches off to the left. Kilmacthomas, already noticed, is dis-^ 
 tant eight miles and a half from Carrick on JSuir, whence tho 
 road continues to Dungarvan, as already desciibed. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Glanchcrry, 
 
 Kilronan. 
 
 On the road passing betwtecn Clonmel and Capp(^quin at 
 the cijrhty-seven mile stone, a road runnin^r lovvords Ncw-Castle, 
 branches off on the right; on this side of the eighty ciglit miij 
 
2l6 
 
 KEW TllAVELLER S GUIDl) 
 
 .Stone, are the ruins of an old castle, situated on the left; at 
 the eighty eight mile stone, the road crosses the Four-mile 
 Water river, where there is a small village of the same name. 
 On this side of the ninety mile stone, lie the ruins of an old 
 castle, situated on the right; at the ninety-one mile stone, the 
 road forks into two branches, that on the left leads to 
 Dungarvan, the other on the right, stretches towards Cappo- 
 quin. At the ninety four mile stone on the left hand Section, 
 leading to Dungarvan, lies the ruins of an old castle situat- 
 ed on the right ; at the ninety six mile stone are situated the 
 Colligan mountains both right and left; on this side of the 
 ninety-nine' mile stone the road from Tramore, already 
 described, unites on the left; at the hundred milestone, by 
 the Clonmel road, stands Dungarvan already described, on the 
 right hand branch of the road })assing from Clonmel to the 
 towns of Dungarvan and Cappoquin ; at the ninety four mile 
 stone, a road branches off on the left, leading to Youghal ; on 
 this side of the ninety-five mile stone a cross road runs right and 
 left ; at the ninety seven mile stone a road branches off on the 
 left, leading towards Youghal, by Aglish, already described, 
 as situated on the Dungarvan road. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Cashnorc and Coshhride 
 
 Macollop, Kilcroghan, Rincrew, 
 
 Lismore, Kilwaltermoy, Tallow. 
 
 Cappoquin^ — Distant ninety seven miles and three quarters 
 from the Castle of Dublin, and sixteen miles from Clonmel, is 
 pleasantly situated on the Black Water river, over which a 
 wooden bridge is erected ; here are the ruins of an old castle, 
 most advantageously situated ; and commanding a most exten- 
 sive prospect over the adjacent country. The date of its erec- 
 tion is not ascertained, but its construction is traditionally 
 ascribed to the Fitzgerald family, proverbially turbulent intri- 
 guing, ambitious and disaffected; in the fanatic rebellion of 
 the year 1641, it was provihionally defended by an English 
 garrison, commanded by captain Hugh Croker, acting under 
 the authority of the Earl of Cork. In the year 1642, Lord 
 Broughill, after having relieved Knockmore, defeated a formi- 
 dable column of rebels, strongly posted in its vicinity. In the 
 year 1645 Lord Castlehaven subdued it, after an obstinate 
 resistance. There is a cavalry barrack here. The road from 
 Dungarvan unites on the left : a cross road issues on the left, 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 217 
 
 Jeading along the northern bank of the Black Water to Yough- 
 al Ferry : the direct road leads to Lismore, along the south 
 bank of the Black Water. 
 
 To Tallagli hy Cappoqidn. 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Cappoquin, 97 
 
 Lismore, ..... 2| 99| 
 
 Tallagh, ..... 4 
 
 iz5»2or^,— Distant one hundred miles and a half from the 
 Castle of Dublin, is agreeably situated on the southern bank ot" 
 the Black Water, over which a solid stone bridge was erect- 
 ed at the private expense of his grace the Duke of Devonshire. 
 The Castle, supposed to have been erected by King John in 
 the year 1185, is boldly situated on the verge of a rock, 
 rising perpendicularly from the Black Water ; over the gate 
 are affixed the arms of the first Earl of Cork ; opposite the 
 entrance is constructed a modern portico of Bath-stone in the 
 Doric order; the several offices, which compose the two sides 
 of the square, are still kept in repair ; the principal edifices 
 have been suffered to remain in a ruinous condition since the 
 rebellion of the year 164*1 : at each angle of the square, a tower 
 was erected, which angular bulwarks constitute irrefragible 
 proof of its ancient magnificence. In the year 1139, this 
 Castle was demolished by the Irish, who took it by surprize, 
 but it was expeditiously recovered. The manor of Lismore 
 Castle was granted by Miler Magrath Arch-bishop of Cashcl 
 and Bishop of Lismore, to Sir Walter Raleigh, whose title de- 
 volved by purchase on Sir Richard Boyle, who highly ein~ 
 bellished the original edifice by many considerable additions 
 and improvements, all of which were demolished in the exter- 
 minating fury of the rebellion of the year 1641 ; at the ex- 
 plosion of which insurrection, this Castle was closely besieged 
 by five thousand Irish forces commanded by Sir Richard 
 Beling, and as bravely defended by the young Lord Broughil, 
 third son of the Earl of Cork, who obliged them to raise the 
 siege. In 1785, the Duke of Rutland, then Lord Lieutenant 
 of Ireland, in the course of a tour through Munster, held a coun- 
 cil in, and issued proclamations from this Castle. This magnifi - 
 cent pile, so long neglected, is now repairing, and will soon re- 
 sume theprestine splendor of its ancient gloomy grandeur,'through 
 Uie munificent liberality of its present noble proprietor, the Dute 
 
 2 s 
 
21S 
 
 NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 of Devonshire. It was an episcopal residence for a considerable 
 period. Although Lismore is now in a ruinous condition, Cam- 
 brensis asserts that it was anciently a very rich city, and held out a 
 considerable time against the English, who after a long and close 
 siege, took it by storm, and procured as much rich plunder as 
 freighted sixteen vessels. Its monastic institution previous to 
 thelleformation, was an abbey of regular canons founded at a 
 very early period, in which a school was established by St. 
 Mochuda, so celebrated in the beginning of the seventh centu- 
 ry, that not only the natives, but Saxons and Britons resorted 
 hither for instruction. Lismore was plundered by the Danes 
 in the year 831 and in 833. In the year 913, the Danes 
 plundered the abbey. In the year 915, the Danes renewed 
 their depradations. In the year 978, the town and abbey 
 were plundered and burnt by the Ossorians. In the year 
 1116, the town and abbey were consumed in a general con- 
 f[agration. In the year 1127? Cormac M'Carthy, having 
 been deposed from the sovereignty of Munster, was com- 
 pelled to make a pilgrimage to Lismore and there to receive 
 the crosier, where it is supposed he erected two Churches. In 
 the year 1147, the son of Earl Strongbow plundered it. In 
 the year 1207, an accidental fire wholly consumed Lismore, 
 together with all its Churches. Here an hospital for lepers 
 was founded under the invocation of St. Bridgid ; an an- 
 chorite ceil was attached to the Church of Lismore, to which 
 considerable possessions were annexed. In the year 1363, the 
 bishoprick of Lismore was united to the see of Waterford, seven 
 hundred and thirty years after its foundation. Below the 
 town there is a fine salmon fishery, the only branch of trade 
 carried on in this deserted and forlorn quarter. Previous to the 
 Union it was a borough, returning two members to the Irish 
 Parliament. From Lismore a road issues on the right, running 
 along the southern bank of the Black Water, to Fermoy, and 
 another branches off on the left, leading to Tallagh. 
 
 To Dungarveu h/ ClonmeL 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Clonmel, - , - - - — i81f 
 Dungarven, - - - - 18| | 100 
 
 Tidlagh^~^J)hiixxii one hundred and four miles and a half 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 219 
 
 from the Castle of Dublin, is an inconsiderable decayed village, 
 situated on the river Bride : it was erected into a borough by 
 James the First, at the solicitation of the Earl of Cork. Its liber- 
 ties extended one mile in all directions from the church, con- 
 sidered as the centre : it was never a walled town, nor considered 
 a place affording any strong natural defence ; however, in tho 
 rebellion of the year 164?1, an entrenchment v/as cast rouml 
 it by the Earl of Cork for the protection of the inhabitants 
 against the sudden inroads of the rebels. This entrenchment 
 had four entrances carefully guarded by one hundred soldiers, 
 suppHed and maintained at the Earl's private expence. By such 
 liberality and judicious precaution, he preserved this town 
 from sharing in those horrible cruelties so barbarously inflicted 
 on many others, at this gloomy period of fanatic discord. This 
 town returned two members to the Irish Parliament previous to 
 the Union : its electors were of that description denominated 
 Pot'WoloperSy a term well understood in Ireland, although it 
 may shed no additional lustre on the elective franchise in these 
 places formerly gifted with so precious a privilege, of which 
 crafty candidates frequently availed themselves, by introduc- 
 ing interlopers, to the mortification and annoyance of the resi- 
 dent electors. There is a Barrack in this town ; at the west 
 of Tallagh Bridge lie the ruins of Lessfinny Castle ; formerly 
 the property of Earl Desmond, ^^■hose castles in this county were 
 very numerous, and a confidence in whose strength engendered 
 that turbulence of ungovernable spirit, which ultimately proved 
 his destruction, and utterly exinguished that noble, ancient and 
 unfortunate house. The road from Youghal unites on the 
 left; a road branches otf on the right; the centre road runs fo 
 the village of Curryglass, situated in the county of Cork, on the 
 verge of this county. At the hundred and six mile-stone Water- 
 ford County terminates in this direction. Its soil assimilates to 
 that of the contiguous counties of Wexford and Cork, as near- 
 ly as its surface resembles their inequalities, so that a particu- 
 lar detail describing the physical qualities of either county, 
 may be generally applied to the relative fertilitv of Waterlc rd 
 County, with a very few particular exceptions not assential to 
 be delineated in a general description. Granite is the prevailing 
 stone generally found in its mountains ; a moory or a red 
 sandy soil composes the surface of the high elevated grounds, and 
 a deep loan, light mold, or a sandy soil, constitutes the esseu- 
 lial difFerenre of tlie valleys. 
 
220 
 
 HEW TllAVELLElt's GtJiDi: 
 
 A Tabic of Fairs held in every month of the year. 
 
 I* luces where held. 
 
 Time' 
 
 J. cuLCo wfiLrc UCIU* 
 
 TifitC' 
 
 ' 
 
 Jail. 
 
 Mountam-castlc . . 
 
 24? 
 
 
 iVb. 
 
 
 
 — — 
 July* 
 
 Jjungarvan 
 
 7 
 
 Cappoquin . . . 
 
 FT 
 
 :> 
 
 KiJgobenet . . ♦ . 
 
 Y.Z 
 
 XT 
 
 Newtown . . . . 
 
 10 
 
 • ' ' ' ' "-■ 
 
 
 Two-mile Bridge . . 
 
 25 
 
 
 
 
 
 Mar, 
 
 Tramore . . . . 
 
 
 J aiiagn .... 
 Cappoquin 
 
 1 
 
 1 7 
 
 
 
 
 Aug. 
 
 
 
 Whitechurch . . 
 
 5 
 
 
 yipr» 
 
 
 Aftane 
 
 12 
 
 Balhnamultma . . 
 
 OA 
 
 Kilmacthomas . . 
 
 12 
 
 
 
 r aitnieag . . , « 
 
 1 4. 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 May 
 
 Windigap . . . . 
 
 O 1 
 
 Stradbally . . . . 
 
 1 
 
 XT' V Ct^ T 
 
 Kit bt Laurence 
 
 21 
 
 Newtown at 7 
 
 1 
 
 Clonagan . . , . 
 
 
 bilvcrmines y 
 
 Modiligo . . . . 
 
 zo 
 
 Mountain castle . . 
 
 1 
 
 Dungarvan . . . 
 
 27 
 
 Kilgobenet . . . . 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 
 "- 
 
 Tramore . . . . 
 
 3 
 
 
 Sept, 
 
 Wateriord 
 
 4? 
 
 Drumana . . . 
 
 4; 
 
 Pas:iage . . . . 
 Ferrypoint . . . 
 
 6 
 
 BaUinamultma . . 
 
 8 
 
 8 
 
 Passage . . . . 
 Stradbally . , . 
 
 9 
 
 Kilmacthomas . . 
 
 12 
 
 14? 
 
 AfFane 
 
 
 Balligunner . , . 
 
 PJ 
 
 Conna 
 
 14' 
 
 Drumana . , , . 
 
 19 
 
 raithleag , . . . 
 
 20 
 
 Cappoquin . , . 
 
 20 
 
 I^ismore . , . . 
 
 
 Drumcannon 
 
 Zd 
 
 Clonagan . . . . 
 Cappoquin 
 
 28 
 
 Lismore . , . . 
 
 25 
 
 31 
 
 iViountain-castle . . 
 
 29 
 
 
 June 
 
 
 Oct. 
 
 Drum ana . . . . 
 
 5 
 
 Tramore . . . . 
 
 1 
 
 lYllgOUcUCL . • • 
 
 ll 
 
 Ballykeroque . . 
 
 Z 
 
 Passage . . . . 
 Tallagh . . . . 
 
 12 
 
 Ferrypoint . . . 
 
 3 
 
 14. 
 
 Tallagh . . . . 
 
 10 
 
 Faithleag . . . . 
 
 ^0 
 
 Faithleag . . . . 
 Cappoquin . . . 
 
 10 
 
 Wintligap . . . 
 
 21 
 
 14? 
 
 Duggai van 
 
 22 1 Two-mile Bridoje 
 
 18 
 
 IVaterford . . . 
 
 21? i 
 
 Waterford . . , . 
 
 25 
 
FOR IRELAND, 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Nov. 
 
 Kilgobenet .... 
 
 1 
 
 Tramore .... 
 
 1 
 
 Dungarvan . . . 
 
 8 
 
 Newlowii at 7 
 
 11 
 
 Silvermines 5 ' * 
 
 Lisniore .... 
 
 12 
 
 Passage .... 
 
 12 
 
 Ballinamultina . . 
 
 13 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Affane . . . 
 Newtown . . 
 Mountain-castle 
 
 Kilmacthomas 
 Tallagh 
 Kilgobenet . . 
 Mountain-castli 
 
222 
 
 HEW thaveller's guidi; 
 
 COUNTY OF CORK, 
 
 The County of Cork, the largest in Ireland, extends about 
 85 Irish miles from east to west ; its greatest breadth is about 
 44? Irish miles. Before the arrival of Strongbow, it constituted 
 a kingdom, of which the M'Carthys were sovereigns. In the 
 year 1210 it was converted into a sihire by King John, who ap- 
 pointed sheriffs and other officers. It is bounded on the north- 
 east by Waterford ; on the north by Tipperary and Limerick ; 
 on the north-uest by Kerry; the sea environs the remaining 
 portion on the east and south-west. It is divided into seventeen 
 baronies, which comprise 137 parishes ; its surface comprises 
 1,048,799 acres Irish plantation measure, of which 23 1 , 959 acres 
 are bogs, mountain, and waste. It abounds with excellent har- 
 bours, rivers, and a superabundance of springs, and rivulets. 
 Its most considerable river is the Black- water, issuing from 
 mountains situated on the confines of Kerry; the river Lee, next 
 in magnitude, also issues from Lough Lua, situated at 
 the foot of these mountains, which separate the counties of 
 Cork and Kerry : the river Bandon derives its source from the 
 mountains bordering on Dunmanway ; the Flen rises in the 
 mountains above Drimoleague; the river Aubeg is consecrated 
 to immortality in the pastoral lays of Spencer, by the poetical 
 appellation of Mulda, on whose banks, it is supposed, he com- 
 posed the principal part of his Fairy Queen. There are many 
 small lakes in this county, particularly in the rough and moun- 
 tainous districts. Its soil is calcareous in the lime-stone tracts, 
 a deep loamy soil generally occurs in the less elevated parts of 
 the grey and red stone districts ; the light and shallow soil com- 
 
FOR IREIANB. 
 
 223 
 
 monly rests on an absorbent bottom, such as gravel, and rubble 
 stone; the moorland or peat soil rests on a substratum of hard 
 rock, or strong retentive clay, the surface presents a great va- 
 riety, which if adorned with timber, would be extremely beauti- 
 ful ; the westren part of this county is wild, mountainous, bold 
 and rocky ; the north and eastern portions are distinguished 
 for their richness and fertility ; the range of high grounds runs 
 from east to west ; thus, in travelling from north to south, the 
 roads are perpetually crossing hills, but in going from w^est to 
 east, there is no such interruption from similar obstructions. 
 There are several chalybeate springs, but no waters of medici- 
 nal celebrity but those of Mallow. Iron and lead ores have been 
 discovered in many places ; copper has been, as yet, very par- 
 tially and inaccurately traced, though from some external in- 
 dications, it is supposed to be in the mountains. Coal is the 
 only fossil whose absence is to be regretted, as the only barony 
 where it abounds, from local circumstances, renders such a 
 treasure so situated, an unprofitable acquisition. 
 
 Table of Baronies in this County, 
 
 Kinaltalloon, 
 Imokilly, 
 Condons and \ 
 Clangibbon, 3 
 Barrymore, 
 Fermoy, 
 Orrery and, 
 
 Kilmore, 
 Two Barrets, 
 Duh allow, 
 Mu skerry, 
 Kerry and "> 
 Currihy, 3 
 Kinalea, 
 
 Kilnameaky, 
 Courcies, 
 Ibawne and") 
 Barryroe, 3 
 East Carberry, 
 West Carberry, 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Kilnatalloon. 
 
 Ballinoe, Agherns, 
 Mogeally, Knockmourne. 
 
 ROADS, 
 
 Youghal^ — By the Ferry road, is distant 108 miles from Dub- 
 lin Castle; and is commodiously situated at the base of a lofty 
 hill near the mouth of the Pay, on the south side of the Black- 
 water river ; it is governed by a mayor and other numicipal 
 officers; and returns one member to the Imperial Parhament; 
 here is a thriving manufacture of earthen-ware. A bar at the 
 
HLW traveller's guide 
 
 entrance of the port renders navigation troublesome and some^ 
 times dangerous ; this obstacle being surmounted, it is safe, spa- 
 cious and convenient. The town consists of a very large street 
 and suburbs ; its custom-house is large and convenient. It was 
 bcseigcd in the year 1579 by the Earl of Desmond in his re- 
 bellion, in the reign of Queen Elizabeth ; after the garrison had 
 surrendered for want of timely relief, this haughty chief hanged 
 the mayor as a punishment of his allegiance to his legitimate so- 
 vereign. In the civil wars it yielded to Cromwell's usurpation, 
 who embarked here for England after his unparalleled successes 
 in Ireland, although in the year 1G48, the corporation pro- 
 claimed Charles the second King of England, &c. In the year 
 1221- a monastery ^or Franciscans was founded here by Maurice 
 Fitzgerald, Lord Justice of Ireland. In the year 1268 a friary 
 for Dominicans was founded on the north side of the town, of 
 which structures few fragments now remain. Here the first 
 potatoe is supposed to have been planted in Ireland. The colle- 
 giate church is a very ancient Gothic structure ; its nave is 
 132 feet long and 66 broad ; it has a square tower on the north 
 side 32 feet high ; there are two ruined chapels on each side of 
 the chancel, containing very ancient tombs and monuments. 
 Two roads issue from this town, one leading to Castlemartyr and 
 an other to Middletown. This small barony exhibits i\o parti-^ 
 cular feature of peculiar excellence ; a great portion of it is 
 coarse high moorland. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Imohilly^ 
 
 Aghada 
 
 Ardagh 
 
 Ballygourney 
 
 Bohillane 
 
 Cahirultan 
 
 Castlemartyr 
 
 Castracore 
 
 Clonpriest. 
 
 Corkbeg 
 Dingandonevan , 
 Gerranekinniff 
 Inch, 
 
 Itermurrough 
 
 Killeagh 
 
 Kijlmahon, 
 
 Rostellan 
 
 Teteskin 
 
 Cloyne 
 
 Garrivoe 
 
 Kilcredane 
 
 Kilmacdonough 
 
 Trabolgan 
 
 Cloyne hy Killagfu 
 
 Killagh 112 
 
 Castlemartyr 6| llSf 
 
 Cloyne 7 125i 
 
 N. B. Castlemartyr by the Fermoy road 
 is 123i miles distant from Dublin. 
 
Ton IRELAN]^. 
 
 On the road leading from Templemichel, Cork county com- 
 mences at the hundred and six mile-stone; at the hundred and 
 eight mile*stone are the ruins of an old castle to the right ; 
 a little beyond the hundred and ten mile-stone lie the ruins of 
 an old castle to the right ; at the hundred and twelve mile-stone 
 stands the village of Killeagh ; here the Youghal road unites : 
 two roads issue from this village, that to the right leading to 
 Middleton, and that to the left passing to Castlemartyr. 
 
 Castlemarhjr\ — Is distant a hundred and eighteen miles and a 
 half from Dublin Castle; it was a borough previous to the Union. 
 It gives the title of Baron to a branch of the noble family of 
 Boyle : here is a charter school, liberally endowed by the Right 
 Hon. Henry Earl of Shannon ; there is also a handsome church 
 and an alms house ; a spinning school has been established for the 
 encouragement of the linen manufacture. This place was for- 
 merly the residence of a branch of the Fitzgeralds ; it was incor- 
 - porated in the year 1663 through the influence of the first Earl 
 of Orrery ; here is the magnificent mansion of the Earl of Shan- 
 non ; from this town two roads issue, that to the right leads to 
 Middleton, and that to the left runs to Cloyne. 
 
 Cloync^ — Is a neat small town distant a hundred and 
 twenty-five miles and a half from Dublin Castle, and about 
 twelve miles east of Cork. A church was erected here previous 
 to the year 604. In the year 707 an abbey was founded here : 
 the author of the Monasticon does not mention in what year it 
 was erected into an episcopal see. In the year 1430 it w^as united 
 to Cork, but since the year 1638, it is governed by its own 
 bishop, and constitutes a distinct independent see. The cathe- 
 dral is a venerable Gothic structue, whose nave is 120 feet 
 long having lateral ailes, besides cross ailes divided by Gothic 
 arclies ; near the catliedral is a Danish rath, and a round tow^er 
 90 feet high and 1.5 feet in diameter; the bishop's palace is 
 large and commodious ; about a mile west of Cloyne is Castle 
 Mary, the seat of Lord Longueville. 
 
 To Middleton hy Killeagh, 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Killeagh as before - - - I 112 
 
 Middleton - - - - - 10 | 122 
 
 Middleton^ — Distant an hundred and twenty-two miles from 
 Dublin Castle, is pleasantly situated on the north-west angle of 
 Cork Harbour ; it was a boroujjh previous to the Union ; it gives 
 
 "So 
 
KEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 the title of Viscount to the family of Broderick. It Is governed 
 by a sovereign, two bailiffs and twelve burgesses. Here is a good 
 market-house, and a town-house, ornamented with a clock and 
 cupola, the gilt of Lord Middleton. The public free school is a 
 fine edifice; the church is a neat structure adorned with a lofty 
 spire and steeple ; here is a most extensive manufactory for fine 
 and superfine cloths, which employs numerous individuals of 
 all descriptions. An abbc}^ was founded here by the Fitzgeralds 
 in the year 1 1 80 for monks of the Cistertian order. Near the 
 town is a subterraneous river and a large romantic cave. Two 
 roads issue from this town, that to the left leads to Cloyne, and 
 that on the right to Cork. About a mile from the town is Ros- 
 tillion, the noble seat of the Earl of Inchiquin : the tide gently 
 flows to the garden walls : a castle was erected here by the Fitz- 
 geralds in the year 164-5, on whose scite the present mansion 
 stands. This barony, which, for the most part, is extremely 
 fertile, consists of two lime-stone vales separated by a range of 
 brown stone hills : it is thickly inhabited, but fuel is scarce, 
 where coal cannot be supplied without an expensive land car- 
 riage. On the road passing between Tallow and Cork, at the 
 hundred and twelve mile-stone, stands Castle Lyons a little to 
 the right ; a cross road runs to the left ; this road unites with the 
 Rathcormick road at Water-grass-hill turnpike. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Co7idons and Clangihbon, 
 
 Agh across, 
 
 Ardskeagh, 
 
 Biigown, 
 
 Kiigullane, 
 
 Kilphelan, 
 
 Netlash, 
 
 Nonane, 
 
 Beeltagh, 
 
 Clondullane, 
 
 Kiicrumper, 
 
 Kildorerj^, 
 Kil worth, 
 Leitrim, 
 Macrony, 
 Marshalstown. 
 
 On the mail coach road passing through Fermoy, Cork coun- 
 \y commences at the ninety-nine mile-stone. 
 
 Kil-jcorth, — Distant a liundred and four miles and three quar- 
 ters from Dublin Castle, is a thriving town situated at the foot 
 of a large ridge of mountains of the same name. The river Fun- 
 cheon, well stored with trout and salmon, runs near the town. 
 In this vicinage is situated Moorfield, the superb residence of 
 Lord IMount-Cashel. iidjoining whose improvements stands the 
 casile of Cloughloagh, boldly situated on the banks of the Fun- 
 cheon : this castle withstood many sieges. A cross road leads to 
 tire left and another to the right. 
 
FOR IRELAND, 
 
 227 
 
 Ferinoy, — Distant a hundred and seven miles and a half from 
 Dublin Castle, is situated on the banks of the Black-water, over 
 which a bridge consisting of 13 arches is erected; it is a re- 
 gular neat well built town ; the principal street runs parallel 
 to the river ; it is intersected at right angles by cross streets. 
 The artillery barrack is a large quadrangle, one side of which 
 forms a part of the street ; the permanent barrack is situated on 
 the north side of the river, on the east side of the Dublin road ; 
 it forms three sides of a right angle 800 feet by 700, and with 
 all the necessary appurtenances, covers nearly thirteen acres 
 surrounded by a high wall, with a draw bridge in front, be- 
 Iiind which, on the esplanade, is the main guard, opposite to 
 this, the foundations of another barrack of equal dimensions 
 are now laying ; the church situated on the ascent of the hill 
 fronting the bridge and market-house, is a neat chaste structure; 
 at the west end of which is a tower of hewn stone. Here are 
 many manufactories in a m.ost prosperous and thriving condition, 
 which exhibit an happy specimen of what liberality directed by 
 judgment, can effect; as in the year 1791, when it came into 
 the present enterprising and patriotic proprietor's (John 
 Anderson Esq.) possession, it consisted of a carman's inn, and 
 a few wretched mud wall cabbins. Here an abbey for Cister- 
 tian monks was founded, the date uncertain, but it existed in 
 the year in 1226, when Patrick, its prior, was consecrated bi- 
 shop of Cloyne ; here eight roads conterminate, two roads run to 
 the left, and one to the right, a direct road leads to Rathcormick. 
 
 Pa7'ishes in the Barony of Barrymore, 
 
 Lisgoo!, 
 Ardnagehj'^, 
 Dunbullogue, 
 KillaspugmuUanj 
 
 Ballycurranny, Middleton, 
 
 Britway, Mogcasagh, 
 
 Clonmult, Rathcormick, 
 
 Coolinay, Templebodane, 
 
 Disert, Templenccarriggy, Kilcoan, 
 
 Dungourney, Ballyspellan, Kilroan, 
 
 Gortroe, Carrigtohil, St. Michael, 
 
 Greenagh, Castlclyons, 'I'empleeusquc, 
 
 Inchinabacky, Kilcurfin, Cahirlag. 
 
 To Cork hy Kibworlli, 
 
 Kilworth 
 Fermoy ; 
 
 Miles. 
 104|- 
 1071 
 
228 
 
 niuw traveller's guide 
 
 Rathcormick 
 
 Glenmire .... 9 
 Cork 4i 
 
 Miles, 
 
 111 
 
 120 
 124^ 
 
 Beyond the hundred and nuie mile-stone, a cross road runs 
 to the left. 
 
 Rathcormick, — Distant a luindicd and eleven miles from 
 Dublin Castle, is situated near the river Bride ; here is a neat 
 market house ; and a church adorned with a spire and steeple ; 
 it was a borough previous to the Union. A cross road leads to 
 the left ; on the south side of tlie river Bride, a cross road runs to 
 the left ; a little beyond the hundred and fourteen mile-stone are 
 the ruins of Mount- Cathrine to the right ; at Water-grass -hill 
 turnpike, the Tallow road unites on the left. 
 
 Upper-Glenmore, — Distant a Imndred and twenty miles from 
 Dublin Castle, a pleasant outlet from Cork, is situated on a 
 river of the same name; here is a bolting mill supposed the first 
 erected in Ireland. At the hundred and twenty-three mile-stone, 
 the Limerick road unites to the right, and a cross road runs 
 to the left ; on this side of Cork, all the roads converging, in 
 progress, from the eastern districts towards this city, unite and 
 conterminate. 
 
 Castle Lyons, — On a road branching to the left from Fermdy 
 is situated Castle- Lyons, distant a hundred and eleven miles 
 from Dublin Castle, anciently called Castle-Lehan from the 
 O'Lehan's, an ancient Irish sept. It is a well built market-town 
 pleasantly situated in a fruitful valley near the river Bride; here 
 are the ruins of an old abbey of Franciscans founded in the 
 year 1307. On its dissolution it was granted to the Earl of Cork, 
 who assigned it to his Son-in-law David first Earl of Barrymore. 
 On the ruins of O'Lehan's-Castle, Lord Barrymore's fine old 
 mansion is erected, it is a stately and ponderous edifice; in re- 
 moving some of the old castle walls, a stone chimney-piece was 
 discovered with this inscription, O'Lehan hoc fecit anno Mciii, 
 a document which proves, that private stone structures were 
 erected in Ireland at that period ; the river Bride meanders 
 through the demesne, producing various agreeable prospects. 
 This barony contains a small portion of lime stone on the north 
 and south extremities ; the residue consists of brown, or red 
 stone scattered over a coarse high, moory and mountainous 
 surface; the southren portion adjacent to Cork, was, until very 
 lately, exclusively occupied by dairies, and totally destitute of 
 agricultural improvements. 
 
FOR IRELAND, 
 
 229 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Fermoy, 
 
 Litlcr, Kilcumncr, Castletown roclie, 
 
 Ballyhooly, Mallow, Derryvillane, 
 
 Bridge-town, Monanimy, Killathy, 
 
 Carricdownan, Rossdagli, Kilbrony, 
 
 Clenore, Templerone, llagban, 
 
 Farahy, Wallstown, Cahirduggan, 
 
 Glanore, Ballydelougliy, Doneraile. 
 
 Imphric, Carrighamleary, 
 
 By the Micbelstown road, Cork County commences, near 
 the ninety-nine mile-stone. 
 
 Michelsto'iVn, — Distant a hundred and two miles and three 
 quarters from Dublin Castle ; is a neat handsome little town, 
 having been improved and enlarged by the late Lord Kings- 
 ton : here an establishment called the College is founded, 
 through the munificence and humanity of Lord Baron Kingston; 
 it provides for the comfortable maintenance of twelve decayed 
 gentlemen, and sixteen gentlewomen, to each of whom is allot- 
 ed a neat house and garden free of rent and taxes, with a salary 
 of 40/. a year paid quarterly ; a chapel also constitutes a part 
 of this charitable institution, accompanied with a salary of 120/. 
 a year, and a house, offices, and garden for the chaplain, who is 
 daily to read prayers for this venerable congregation. The 
 mansion house, at Michelstown, the residence of the Kingston 
 family, is a large and magnificent structure, surrounded with a 
 fine and well planted demesne containing about one hundred and 
 thirty acres. A cross road runs to the right; about a mile and 
 a half from this town are the ruins of Caherdriny castle ; at 
 llie hundred and four mile-stone, a cross road leads to the left; 
 at the hundred and five mile-stone a cross road runs to the left, 
 and the ruins of Carriganoura Castle lie to the right. 
 
 Kildorcny^ — Is a small village distant a hundred and seven 
 miles from Dublin Castle, v/liere are the ruins of BuUynamana 
 Castle ; a road to the right leads to Limerick, the direct road to 
 Doneraile, and that on the left runs to Glanworth. 
 
 Glarvworth^ — Is a decayed village, though anciently a corpora- 
 tion, situated on the banks of Jie Funcheoa : here are the ruins 
 of an abbey founded by the Roches in the year 1227, and the 
 remains of a sumptuous castle built with massy stones on arched 
 vaults; the whole of this edifice was environed with a strong 
 wall flanked with turrets. 
 
230 
 
 KEw traveller's guide 
 
 Donerailc^ — Distant one hundred and thirteen miles from tlie 
 Castle of Dublin, is situated on the river Aubeg ; here is a neat 
 church with a lofty spire and steeple; a barrack for a troop of 
 horse is erected on the scite of the old castle ; it gives the title of 
 Viscount to the family of St. Lcger. Near the town are several 
 quarries of variegated marble. It was a Borough previous to the 
 Union. Near the I'iwn is Lord Doneraile's residence. A cross 
 road on the left, leads to Castlelown-roche, where are the ruins 
 of a fine old castle, once the residence of the Roches, Lords of 
 Fermoy. — This castle was gallantly defended for several days by 
 Lady Roche, against the Parliament forces, Anno 164'9. About 
 a mile from Roches town, is the Castle of Carrignocunny, and 
 at Bridgetown in the same vicinity, are the ruins of an old abbey, 
 founded about the year 1314', and most enchantingly situated 
 at the confluence of the rivers Aubeg and Black-water. — The soil 
 of the two contiguous baronies of Fermoy and Glangibbon, 
 partly consists of mountainous tracts and lime-stone vales, which 
 are kind and mellow, and sometimes fertile; the high grounds 
 are generally a moory soil. Fuel is a very scarce article in these 
 districts, as there are none or few bogs, but in the mountains, 
 where a partial supply can be obtained by the neighbouring in- 
 habitants. 
 
 ParisJies in the Barony of Orrery and Kilmore, 
 
 Aglish, 
 Dranina, 
 Ballybeg, 
 Church town, 
 Kilmacleny, 
 
 Lackeen, 
 
 Shandrum, 
 
 Ballyclough, 
 
 Bregogue, 
 
 Castlemaiznor, 
 
 Kilbrin, 
 
 Liscoral, 
 
 Rathgoggin, 
 
 Bothon, 
 
 Kilbolane. 
 
 C//ar/m7/t',— Distant one hundred and eight miles from the 
 Castle of Dublin, and twenty-eight miles and a quarter from 
 Cork, was a Borough previous to the Union. Here is a charter 
 school liberally endowed by the Earl of Cork and Orrery. The 
 church and horse barracks are neat modern structures. It 
 gave title of Earl to the family of Moores. 
 
 Buttevant, — Distant one hundred and thirteen miles and a 
 quarter from the Castle of Dublin, and situated on the river 
 Aubeg, was anciently a corporation, governed by a Mayor and 
 Alderman. It was a walled town, the traces of which still re- 
 main. Here are the ruins of different splendid monastic insti- 
 tutions, containing the tombs of many illustrious^ Irish cheftl- 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 231 
 
 mis. The celebrated Spencer had his residence in this vici- 
 iiajre. Two cross roads run to the right, and two to the left. 
 
 MalloWi — Distant one hundred and eighteen miles and a half 
 from the Castle of Dublin, and sixteen from Cork, is pleasant- 
 ly situated on the Black- Water, over which there is an excel- 
 lent stone bridge ; here were formerly erected two noble cas- 
 tles by the Earl of Desmond, which were destroyed in the re- 
 bellion of 1641. Its modern structures are a fine church, a 
 good market house, and a barrack for a troop of horse. Conti- 
 guous to the town, is a fine spring of moderately tepid water, 
 bursting from a lime-stone rock ; its real, or imputed medicinal 
 qualities, attract a numerous assemblage of fashionable society 
 in the summer season : in quality, it assimulates to the hot 
 waters of Bristol, and was discovered in the year 1724. — A 
 road runs right and left ; the direct road in this position leads 
 to Cork. It returns one member to the Imperial Parliament. 
 Kilmore contains no lime-stone, and principally consists of stiff 
 clay and moorland. Orrery, stands particularly distinguished 
 for the rich variety of its soils, which are all calcareous, abound- 
 ing in lime-stone gravel. Fuel is very scarce and difficult tu 
 be procured. 
 
 Parishes in the BaroriTj of tjco Barrets. 
 
 Carrlgrohanbeg, Matlehy, Agllsh, 
 Iniscara, Mourne Abbey, Courbally. 
 
 Kilcoleman, Kilnaglory, 
 
 Near the thirteen mile stone, a cross road runs to the left, 
 and another to the right; at the five mile-stone, stands White 
 Church, and a cross road runs to the left, and near the third 
 mile-stone are the ruins of Rahanisky Castle. — A small portion 
 of this Barony consists of linie-stone, the remainder is chieily 
 composed of moorland and mountain. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Duhalloii\ 
 
 Clenfort, Nohovaldaly, Clonmcoi^, 
 
 Ciillen, Kilshanick, Dromdowny, 
 
 Drumtailff, Knocktemple, Rosskecn, 
 
 Kilmi'en, Subulter, Tullaghleas.h, 
 
U32 
 
 NEW traveller's OUIDB 
 
 lo Mill'Street hij Michelsto'von. 
 
 Michelfttown 
 
 Kiklorory 
 
 Doneraile 
 
 Mallow 
 
 Mill-Strcct 
 
 Miles. 
 
 • 
 
 
 103 
 
 • 
 
 4 
 
 107 
 
 
 6 
 
 113 
 
 • 
 
 5\ 
 
 118| 
 
 • 
 
 i7i 
 
 1361 
 
 Ne'tomarJc. — Distant one hundred a forty-two miles from the 
 Castle of Dublin, consists of one regular street, and is a consi- 
 tlerable thorough-fare into the county of Kerry ; here is a de- 
 cent Parish Church. Near this village stands Castle MacAuliffe, 
 formerly the chief residence of that sept. There is another of 
 their castles at Carigacushen in the same vicinage. The road 
 on the left, runs towards Mallow, and that to the right to Ker- 
 ry. The western part of this Barony consists of high moor- 
 land and mountain, in some places tliere are deep turf bogs ; 
 but the general soil is a shallow turf, resting on a stiff heavy 
 wet clay. Its stone consists of two kinds, argelite and lime- 
 stone. This Barony stands particularly distinguished for the 
 quantity of coal mines with which it abounds. There are many 
 old castles in this district, of which, that at the village of Kan- 
 turk is the most remarkable. 
 
 To Charleville by Whitechurch. 
 
 Whitechurch 
 
 Ballynamona 
 
 Mallow 
 
 Buttevant 
 
 Velvetstown 
 
 Charleville 
 
 (MUes.) 
 - I 51 
 
 2 
 
 121 
 
 21 
 23 
 
 284- 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Muslerry, 
 
 AghabuUog, 
 
 Aghinagh, 
 
 Ballyvourney, 
 
 Clondrohid, 
 
 Don agh more, 
 
 Garrycloyne, 
 
 Kilcorney 
 
 Kilnamartory, 
 
 Macroom, 
 
 Macgourney, 
 
 Athnowen, 
 
 Cannaway, 
 
 Desertmore, 
 
 Inchegela, 
 
 Kilralchael, 
 
 Kilmurry, 
 
 Knockavilly, 
 
 Macloneigh, 
 
 Moyviddy, 
 
 Kilbonane, 
 
 I)uniskev. 
 
THE LIBRARY 
 OF TfiE 
 
 MMivspsiTir «F umm 
 
iHf imm 
 
 OF THE 
 
rOR IRELAND. 
 
 233 
 
 MilUStreet, — Distant one hundred and thirty-six miles and 
 a quarter from the Castle of Dublin, is a small village, re- 
 markable for a good inn ; there is a commodious barrack for 
 two companies of foot. Some manufactories of linen cloth 
 have been introduced here. From Mill -Street, a direct road 
 runs to Cork ; from which it is distant twenty two miles and 
 three quarters. 
 
 To Mill-Street by Glanton. 
 
 Miles. 
 
 Glanton i . • — 4 1 
 
 Newbridge . . . 3 7^ 
 
 Mill-Street . . .10 171 
 
 Macroom, — Distant one hundred and forty-two miles and 
 three quarters from the Castle of Dublin, is situated ou the ri- 
 ver Sullane, in a dry gravelly lime-stone soil. Opposite to the 
 bridge, is a neat handsome church dedicated to St. Colman ; 
 here is a barrack for a company of foot, and a good market- 
 liouse. The castle is very ancient, having been built in the reign 
 of King John. It was burnt in the rebellion of 1641. It 
 now consists of two strong towers about sixty feet high, connec- 
 ted by a large modern building. At the distance of two miles, 
 are the ruins of Mashanglass Castle, and within half a mile of 
 the town is a chalybeate, deemed very efficacious in cutane- 
 ous eruptions. A new lin£ of mail-coach road passing through 
 Macroom, facilitates the communication between the counties 
 of Cork and Kerry. 
 
 Blarney, — Distant one hundred and twenty-eight miles and 
 a half from the Castle of Dublin, is situated on a river of the 
 same name ; there are paper mills and other manufactories 
 established here. Here is a castle situated on a bold roman- 
 tic rock ; its walls are very strong, being eighteen feet thick. It 
 stood a formal siege against King William's forces, who, after 
 its surrender, demolished the fortifications, leaving only one 
 solitary tower to record its fallen greatness. Some modern 
 buildings have been constructed both handsome and spacious, 
 the western poriion of this Barony is mountainous ; the soil 
 of the eastern district assimulatcs to that of the Barony of 
 Barret. 
 
 9 n 
 
KEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 Parishes in the Liberties of Cork, 
 
 Whltc-clitirch, Currickippane, Kilcully, 
 
 Carigrohan, Ihchkenny, Rath coney. 
 
 Cork^ — The most commercial city, and the second in magni- 
 tude in Ireland, is distant one hundred and twenty-four miles 
 and a half from the Castle of Dublin, It was originally con- 
 structed on a low marshy island, formed by the river Lee, 
 which divides into two branches a little above the town, and 
 ijnites again a little below it, encompassing a considerable ex- 
 tent of ground, subject to frequent inundations from high tides 
 and floods. It is supposed to be coeval with the foundation of 
 the cathedral, erected about the beginning of the sixth century, 
 but most probably, it owes its regular conformation to the Danes, 
 by whom it was walled and fortified in the ninth century. 
 Its approaches were by two opposite bridges, erected in the 
 north and south channels, between which ran the principal 
 street, still named the Main Street, from which some others di- 
 verged east and west ; and probably constituted the entire of 
 the city in the time of the Ostmen, as most defencible by the 
 wall and bridges. There were several lesser branches of the ri- 
 ver intersecting the marshes, in various directions, and flov/ing 
 through many of the streets, and thus resembled Dutch towns, 
 possessing similar commercial conveniencies ; — but these sup- 
 posed advantages w^ere more than counter-balanced by the pu- 
 trid exhalations, arising from a nauseous collection of stagnated 
 mud, engendering such maladies, as foul air and a swampy si- 
 tuation Sways create. These unwholesome nuisances have 
 been gradually closed by the indefatigable exertions of the cor- 
 poration ; to which improvement, the old town is indebted for 
 several of its most spacious and elegant streets. Three adition- 
 al bridges erected at the most convenient points, materially 
 contribute to facilitate a general communication with various 
 outlets leading to this populous city. The exchange, built by 
 an Italian architect, is an elegant structure ornamented witli 
 columns of the Doric and Tuscan orders. The market-house 
 is a spacious edifice, executed in the Tuscan order. The other 
 public buildings consist of churches, chapels, meeting-houses, 
 and hospitals, which, although internally spacious and conve- 
 nient, are externally destitute of architectural ornaments and 
 embellishments. The custom-house is a splendid pile of hewn 
 stone. The Cork institution lately incorporated by charter, 
 has associated for the laudable design of applying science to the 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 primary objects of social life, which ultimately must be produc- 
 tive of permanent and extensive benefits to mankind ; here pub- 
 lic lectures are delivered in chemistry, agriculture, and botany. 
 The Botanic Garden attached to the establishment, is in a great 
 degree of forwardness. There are many charitable institutions 
 supported by voluntary contributions, more distinguished for 
 utility, than external beauty. A spacious barrack, capable of 
 accomodating four regiments of infantry, and a thousand ca- 
 valry, has been erectetl on a commanding eminence on the 
 north-east side of the city. The principal market, placed in 
 nearly the centre of the city, is large, convenient, and well 
 contrived, and plentifully supplied with meat, fish, and vegeta- 
 bles. It enjoys all the advantages of its fine harbour, by 
 means of its navigable river, combined with all the conveniences 
 of an inland local situation, to supply the general wants of a 
 thickly inhabited country. The merchants of this city carry 
 on an extensive export trade. British ships bound to the 
 West Indies, constantly put in here to victual. The slaugh- 
 tering season, continues from October to the latter end of Ja- 
 nuary, during which space of time, 100,000 head of black cattle 
 are prepared ; the other exports, consist of butter, candles, 
 hides raw and prepared, hnen cloth, pork, calves, lambs, 
 rabbit skins, tallow, linen, w^oollen, yarn, porter and whis- 
 key. Its manufactories are sail-cloth, sheeting-paper, leather, 
 glue, glass, coarse cloth, with sundry inferior articles. Its ca- 
 thedral, dedicated to St. Fimber, is well situated, having a 
 tower at the west end, supporting a lofty spire. There are six 
 parochial churches, namely ; St. Mary Shandon ; St. Ann's ; 
 Christ Church ; St. Peter's ; St. Paul's ; St- Nicholas's Church. 
 The corporation consists of a Mayor, Recorder, Aldermen, 
 Sheriffs and Burgesses. There were several religious monastic 
 institutions in this city, of which scarcely any traces now exist, 
 having most probably been demolished, from the convenience 
 their ponderous materials afforded, of erecting other edifices in 
 a populous and crowded city, after the original destination 
 ceased to be deemed useful and essential. Though this cit}^, 
 from its local situation, be incompetent to make any conside- 
 rable resistance in the modern stile of waa'fare ; still, in the 
 year 1690, it withstood the Earl of Marlborough for five days, 
 who recovered it from King James's forces, and made the gar- 
 rison, consisting of 4,500 men prisoners of war. The liberties 
 of this city are very extensive, stretching about four miles in all 
 directions, tliickly interspersed with country residences, fitted, 
 adorned, and improved in a correspondent ttile of elegance and 
 
23S 
 
 KEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 nea^^ness, with the variofus dispositions of their opulent proprie- 
 tors. This city returns two representatives to the Imperial Par- 
 liamentt 
 
 Parishes in the great Island in Cork Harbour^ 
 Kilgarvan, Templerobin, Clonnuel. 
 
 A road runs from Cork, on the south bank of the river, to 
 passages distant six miles , then cross the ferry to Cove Island, 
 forming one side of the harbour, which is four miles long and two 
 broad. Cove town is chiefly inhabited by sailors and fisher- 
 men. The chief passage to this island was on the northern side, 
 where the channel is very narrow, which was defended by the 
 Castle of Ballyvelly; near Cove is a fine fort, composed of 
 three tiers of guns. The lower range is on a level with the wa- 
 ter. The barracks are situated over the fort. Here the shore 
 is bold and the water deep. The entrance into the harbour is 
 defended by Spike Island and C-arlisle forts. This harbour is 
 deemed the most commodious in the world, being capable of 
 containing many hundred ships of war without the least incon- 
 venience. 
 
 To Kins'ale hy Corfc. 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Cork , o , — I l24.i 
 
 Kinsale . , 11| | 136 
 
 Parishe$ in the Baronif qf Kerry, Currihy, and Kinaleao 
 
 Ballyfoil, Killanully, Templemichael, 
 
 Ballymartle, Kilmoney, Ballyfiard, 
 
 Barnahel}^, Kilmonoge, Templebreedy, 
 
 Brinny, Kinure, Ballinaboy, 
 
 Carrigaline, Leighmoney, Kilpatrick, 
 
 Cullen, Liscleary, MarmuUanCj 
 
 Innishonan, Noghaval. Tracton, 
 
 On the road leading from Cork to Kinsale, at the four mile 
 stone, a cross road leads to the right, and near the six mile- 
 stone, two cross roads ruq to the right, and another to the 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 ?37 
 
 left; at the eight mile-stone, the road forks into two branches, 
 and on this side of the eleven mile-stone, a cross road sweeps to 
 the left. 
 
 Kinsale, — Distant one hundred and thirty-six miles from the 
 Castle of Dublin, is situated under Compass Hill, on the banks 
 of the river Bandon ; it extends a mile in length, and is defend- 
 ed by a fort built in the reign of Charles the Second. On the 
 opposite shore, are two well built villages called Love and Scil- 
 ly ; within the precincts of the town and liberties are six pari- 
 shes. The barracks contain twelve companies of foot, besides 
 a regiment stationed at Charles Fort. In the year 1600, the 
 Spaniards made themselves masters of the town, l>ut were 
 soon constrained to surrender to the deputy Mount-joy. In 
 1649, it yielded to Cromwell, and in 1690, the Earl of 
 Marlborough wrested it from King James the Second's for- 
 ces. It gives title of Baron to the ancient family of de Cour- 
 cy, and is governed by a sov^?reign Jtnd recorder. It re- 
 turns one member to the Imperial Parliament. Some ruins of 
 its ancient monastic institutions still remain. Its harbour is 
 spacious, commodious, and perfectly secure from all winds. 
 Here is a dock-yard for repairing men of war, and a crane and 
 gun wharf, for landing and shipping artillery. A road on th^ 
 liorth side of the Bandon river, runs to Innishonan. 
 
 To Innishonan hy Cork, 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Cork . ; . j \2\\ 
 
 Innishonan o ♦ . 10? | 134| 
 
 ParisJies in the Barony of Kinalmeaky, 
 
 Kilbrogan, Moragh, Templemartin, 
 
 Ballymodan. 
 
 On the road leading from Cork to Innishonan, at the four 
 mile-stone, a cross road runs to the right ; at the five mile-stone, 
 are the ruins of an old abbey to the right. A little beyond the 
 eight mile-stone, the road forks into two branches. 
 
 Innishonan^ — Distant one hundred and thirty-four miles and 
 three quarters from the Castle of Dublin, and ten miles and 
 three quarters from Cork, is situated on the brink of the Banr 
 don. The linen manufacture ivas much encouraged here by 
 the late Mr Addcrly ; there is likewise a charter school for 40 
 
238 
 
 ULw traveller's guide 
 
 children. It was formerly a walled town, as appears by the 
 foundations of several castles and other strong buildings which 
 have been discovered. On the south side of the river Bandon, 
 a road to the left runs towards Black Head, and that on the 
 right to Bandon. On the isthmus connecting this promontory with 
 the main land, stood an ancient castle of the Lords of Kin-, 
 sale, extending from one extremity to the other. This cas-^ 
 tie v.as a royal residence of the Irish Kings. The Isth- 
 mus was so completely excavated by the incessant lashing of the 
 surge, as to form a stupenduous arch, through which boats 
 might pass from one bay to the other. Among the rocks of 
 this coast, eagles, hawks, and ospreys, erect their airy habita- 
 tions, inaccessible to human encroachments, and beyond the 
 plunderer's spoilation. Castlebernard, the residence of Lord 
 Bandon, is in this vicinity. 
 
 To Bandon hy Coik. 
 
 (Miles) 
 
 Cork . . . — I ]24| 
 
 Bandon . . 13i | 1371 
 
 Bandon^ — Distant one hundred and thirty-seven miles and 
 three quarters from the Castle of Dublin, and thirteen miles and a 
 quarter from Cork, is situated on a river of the same name. It 
 was built in the year 1610, by Richard Boyle, first Earl of Cork, 
 by whom it was walled and fortified, and had two churches and 
 market houses. The walls were demolished by the Irish in 
 J 689, for which violence, no papists were afterwards permitted 
 to reside in the town. It has a barrack for two companies of 
 foot, and gives title of Baron to the family of Bernard. Near 
 the town, there is a fine chalybeate, and at a small distance, stands 
 the old Castle of Dundarene. It returns one member to the 
 United Parliament. The hilly portions of this barony are 
 generally poor, shallow and stony, much interspersed with 
 bog and moorland. 
 
 Parishes in tlie Barony of Courcies, 
 
 Kilconey, Templetrine, 
 Kingroue, Kilroan. 
 
tOK ifeELAND, 
 
 23^ 
 
 T*lie low grounds along the river in this Barony afford a 
 light and fertile soil producing good crops of oats and potatoes ; 
 the hilly portions are generally unproductive. Fuel is very 
 scarce in this small insulated district. At Old-head, a pro- 
 montory situated in this barony, a light house has been erect- 
 ed for the convenience of mariners. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Iba^donc and Barryroe* 
 
 Abbey-mahon, 
 Donagh-more, 
 Kilsilagh, 
 
 Templeomalis, 
 
 Timoleague, 
 
 Lisle, 
 
 Ardfield, 
 
 Kilkerranmore, 
 
 Rathbarry. 
 
 Clonakilty, — Distant one hundred and forty six miles from 
 the Castle of Dublin, and twenty-two from Cork, is built 
 in the form of a cross ; the church, a plain structure, is erected 
 on a rising ground. Here is a good yarn market. This town 
 supplies the neighbouring district wuth a great abundance 
 of fuel. It flourished until the rebellion in the year 1641, at 
 which time it was totally consumed, from which desolation, it 
 has never since perfectly recovered ; it was a borough previous 
 to the Union. At the near end of the town, a road unites on 
 the left. Its bay is sandy, dangerous, and inconvenient 
 for shipping. Four miles to the south-east are the ruins of 
 Timoleague Castle, built by the O^Shaughnessies, where also 
 are the walls of an old Franciscan Abbey, founded by the Ma- 
 carty's in the fourteenth century : the eastern portion of this 
 district is very fertile ; the western division, though intermintr- 
 led with coarse sands, contains some excellent farms. TTie hio-h 
 lands are very infenor in quality to the less elevated grounds^ 
 though generally arable. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of East and West Ca) herry^ 
 
 Ballymoney, 
 
 Ballinadee, 
 
 Cahiragh, 
 
 Drumdaleaguc, 
 
 Kilbrkain, 
 
 Kilgobane, 
 
 Kilmoe, 
 
 Ratclaren, 
 
 Rathdowtan, 
 
 Skull, 
 
 Disartserges, 
 Drina^li, 
 
 Durrus, 
 
 Fanlobbish 
 
 Kilcrohane, 
 
 Kinnaigh, 
 
 Castle-haven, 
 
 Creagh, 
 
 Kilmaloda, 
 
 Kilmine, 
 
 Kilnagross, 
 
 Myros, 
 
 Templebrian, 
 
 Tullagh, 
 
 Abbey-strowry, 
 
 Aghadown, 
 
 Castoventry, 
 
 Clare-Island, 
 
 Disert, 
 
 Kilcoe, 
 
 Kilfaughnahbcg, 
 KilgarufF, 
 Kilmacabeae, 
 Ross, 
 
 Templequinlan. 
 
240 
 
 isEW traveller's GUlDfe 
 
 Ross. — Distant one hundred and fifty-two miljs and a half 
 from the Castle of Dublin, and twenty-eight from Cork, is a 
 bishoprick united to Cork in the year 15S6j the cathedral is 
 ii small Gothic structure; the churchyard is washed by an 
 arm of the sea, but so shallow and choaked with sand thai no 
 vessels can approach the town. Some sul)terraneous passages 
 liave been lately discovered near the cathedral : the riiins of an 
 old abbey still remain. Here is a good infantry barrack, and 
 a neat market-house. A cross road, runs to the right, the di- 
 rect road leads to ISkibbere€n. 
 
 
 
 
 124.§ 
 
 22 
 
 im. 
 
 6 
 
 152^ 
 
 
 161| 
 
 6i 
 
 168 
 
 Cork, ...... 
 
 Clonakilty, - - - 
 
 lloss, 
 
 Skibbereen, - - - 
 
 Baltimore, - - - * 
 
 Skibbereen, — Distant one hundred and sixty-one miles and 
 three quarters from Dublin Castle is situated on the river Hen. 
 Here is a decent market-house. The church is erected on 
 the west bank of the river : the cloathing trade and linen ma- 
 nufacture are established here. A cross road runs to the left. 
 At the west end of the town, a cross road runs right and left. 
 
 Baltimore, — Distant one hundred and sixty-eight miles from 
 the Castle of Dublin, and forty-three miles and a quarter from 
 Cork, is situated on a head land, running into the sea, with 
 a commodious harbour. It was a place of considerable im- 
 portance until \\\e year 1631, when it was plundered by the 
 Algerines, whose atrocities so terrified the inhabitants, that they 
 gradually withdrew to a place of more security ; in consequence 
 of v/hich emigration it has insensibly decayed, and is now sunk 
 to a miserable fishing hamlet. It was a borough previous to the 
 Union. In this desolate tract, are the ruins of many castles 
 formerly deemed impregnable. The surface of this baiony is 
 uneven and irregular ; the eastern portion is generally arable 
 and sometimes fertile. The western division is rough, rockey, 
 and mountainous, with some occasional intermixture of profita 
 ble ground. 
 
 Iniskeanc Village, — Is distant one hundred and forty-four 
 miles and a half from the Castle of Dublin, and tv»^enty from Cork. 
 To the north of this village, lies the ruined church of Kinigh, 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 with a remarkable round tower above seventy feet liigb, the 
 iirst story of which is an hexagon, the remaining stories 
 round. 
 
 To Bantry hi/ Corl:, 
 
 
 
 Miles. 
 
 Cork. 
 
 
 124| 
 
 Bandon, 
 
 
 1371 
 
 Inniskeane, 
 Dun man way, 
 
 
 IMf 
 
 k 
 
 151 
 
 Bantry. 
 
 13i 
 
 
 1 
 
 Pai'ishes ^?^ the Barony of Bear and Bantry i 
 
 Templeadigan, Kilconenagh, Kilcaskin, 
 
 Kilmacomogc, Kihnanaght, Kilcomenan. 
 
 Kilcatern, 
 
 Dunmaniicay^ — Distant one hundred and fifty one miles from 
 the Castle of Dublin, and twenty six miles and a half from 
 Cork, stands near the liead of the river Bandon in a small val- 
 ley encompassed with lofty hills. It was the first place in this 
 province, where the linen manufacture flourished j here is a 
 charter-school for forty children. Two cross roads run to the 
 left, and one to the right; near the twenty eight mjle-stoue lie 
 the ruins of Kilbarry Church to the right. 
 
 Dromaleagiie, — Is a village distant one hundred and fifty 
 six miles from the Castle of Dublin, and thirty one miles and a 
 half from Cork. A crossroad sweeps to the left; the direct 
 road leads to Bantry, distant one hundred and sixty-four miles 
 and a quarter from the Castle of Dublin, situated at the 
 bottom of the finest Bay in the world, capable of contain- 
 ing all the shipping in Europe. Near this town Treton erect- 
 ed fortifications^ with four regular bastions, in the protector- 
 ship of Oliver Cromwell. The Bay is memorable for a naval 
 victory, obtained by admiral Herbert over the French fleet, 
 in the year 1689. Here also a formidable French armament 
 destined to invade Ireland, was totally dispersed in the month 
 of December 1796, which event greatly disconcerted the opera- 
 tions of the united Irishmen, at whose solicitation ihe expe- 
 dition was fitted out by the Consulate ; and immerous land 
 forces embarked, commanded by a celebrated democratic ge- 
 
S42 
 
 NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 iieral, named Hoche. Few or none of either the men of war 
 or transports returned to a French port, while the British 
 fleet dispatched in pursuit of them, though equally exposed 
 to the same destructive storm, escaped without the loss of even 
 one solitary vessel. A pious man would impute so very marvel^ 
 ous a preservation to the interposition of an all ruling Pro- 
 vidence. The infidel may scoff if he please, at that confidence 
 which a Christian reposes in the manyfold mercies occa^ 
 sionally manifested to nations as well as to individuals in ap- 
 parently inextricable difficulties, to prove that a paramount 
 reliance is not always to be exclusively placed in the mul- 
 titude of an host, or in chariots, or in horses, or in expe- 
 rienced warriors. No reflection deduced from the barren 
 fountain of sterile philosophy can engender so ineffable a con- 
 solation. Dermot O'Sullivan Beare founded a beautiful small 
 monastery for conventual Franciscan Friars on the sea shore, 
 near this town, which is totally demolished : as the founder 
 died in the year 1466, it could only have been erected a 
 few years previous to that event. 
 
 From Bantry the road on the left runs to Dunmanus 
 Bay ; another on the right, wjnds along the coast to Bear 
 Haven, through a barren, desolate, mountainous, and unculti- 
 vated tract. The surface of this barony is wild, sublime, 
 and romantic : its soil is generally composed of moory and 
 mossy peat, thinly interspersed with fertile spots: no in- 
 dication of coal has b^en discovered in the stupenduous moun- 
 tains with which this barony abounds. The Rev. Mr. Townsend's 
 very judicious Statistical Survey of this county will afford 
 much useful local information to the resident gentry in- 
 terested in its agricultural improvements, which cannot be suffi-? 
 ciently abridged, to he incorporated in a selection of this 
 description 0 
 
FOR IRELAND. 24a 
 
 A Table of Fairs held in this County evert/ month in the year. 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Time. 
 
 
 Jan, 
 
 Castletown . . . 
 
 1 
 
 Castle Lyons . . 
 
 1 
 
 Mallow .... 
 
 1 
 
 Nadrid .... 
 
 1 
 
 Mallow .... 
 
 1 
 
 Newcestown 
 
 8 
 
 Glan worth . , . 
 
 15 
 
 Ahercross . . . 
 
 20 
 
 Coldorohy . . . 
 
 20 
 
 Kilworth . . . 
 
 25 
 
 
 Feb, 
 
 Maslacanlands . . 
 
 2 
 
 Slianballymore . . 
 
 4 
 
 
 Mar, 
 
 Mill-street . . . 
 
 1 
 
 Monkstown . . . 
 
 ] 
 
 Tullilease . , • 
 
 1 
 
 Mallow .... 
 
 1 
 
 Carrigtowhill . . 
 
 12 
 
 Glanworth , . . 
 
 16 
 
 Curraffhbeffland . 
 
 17 
 
 Mossgrove . . . 
 
 17 
 
 Anngrove . . . 
 
 25 
 
 Kostellan . . . 
 
 25 
 
 Buttevant . . . 
 
 27 
 
 Timoleague . . . 
 
 28 
 
 
 Apr, 
 
 Transtown . . . 
 
 3 
 
 Eniskeon ... 
 
 5 
 
 Clonikilty . , . 
 
 6 
 
 Kilmaclenon . . 
 
 6 
 
 Lough of Cork . . 
 
 6 2 
 
 Blarney .... 
 
 19 
 
 Carrigaline . . . 
 
 19 
 
 Ballidchob . . . 
 
 20 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Castle Lyons . . 
 Castletown . . . 
 Kilworth .... 
 Singland .... 
 Dronmanagilibeg 
 Ballyvolane or Cove 
 Kilcummer . 
 Cecilstown . 
 Grenoghs 
 Rathclare 
 Michels-fort . 
 Barngrove . 
 Tullilease 
 
 Ballinhassig 
 Kildorery 
 Kilmurry 
 Liscarrol . . 
 Lisgold . . 
 Old-castle . 
 Passagre , . 
 
 o 
 
 Castlemartyr 
 KnocknemarifF 
 Dunmanway 
 Shanballymore 
 Glenville . « 
 Kinturk . . 
 Kinsale . . 
 Aughadown , 
 Bandon . . 
 Curras and Maun 
 Ballinvroony 
 Mallow . . 
 Monkstown . 
 Castletown . 
 Carrigtowhill 
 Macrompt . 
 
 Time, 
 
 Apr, 
 
214 
 
 NEW TRAVELLER*S GUIDE 
 
 J'luce:i where held. 
 
 Clan worth . 
 
 N^'evvtovvii 
 
 Cecilstowii . 
 
 Mid(IIet')wn . 
 
 ('rookstown . 
 
 ►Skibbereeii . 
 
 Biillinspidale 
 
 Lisnacon . . 
 Diiiiaghmore 
 
 Coldorohy . 
 
 Oroniatrh 
 
 Droiimalagrce 
 Old Abbey . 
 Coolymiirrahoo 
 J.epp . . . 
 Castletown Roche 
 ►Shandruiii . 
 Anngrove 
 Connaugli . 
 Youghai . . 
 .1-5 an don . . 
 Banlaghan . 
 Innishannon 
 Insegelagh . 
 Liscarrol 
 
 Mill-street . 
 Cloghnakilty 
 New-miil . . 
 Maslacanlands 
 Balinamoney 
 Carrigaline . 
 Castle Lyons 
 Currabeglands 
 Downderry . 
 Cloyne . . 
 Newcestown 
 
 T'ime, 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Time, 
 
 May 
 
 
 June 
 
 ]3 
 
 Newmarket . . . 
 
 8 
 
 13 
 
 Blarney .... 
 
 8&9 
 
 14. 
 
 Ban try .... 
 
 9 
 
 14< 
 
 Ballinphelick . . 
 
 9 
 
 14 
 
 Five-mile Bridge^ . 
 
 9 
 
 14 
 
 Old Mill-street 
 
 12 
 
 15 
 
 Drum deer . . . 
 
 12&13 
 
 15 
 
 Killeleagh . . . 
 
 13 
 
 18 
 
 Cork City . . . 
 
 14 
 
 20 
 
 Barnagrove . 
 
 15 
 
 20 
 
 Lisnacon .... 
 
 16 
 
 20 
 
 Kilworth .... 
 
 17 
 
 20 
 
 Mossnrrove . . . 
 
 17 
 
 23 
 
 Connauii-h . . • 
 
 19 
 
 24 
 
 Dromanafjilibenj 
 
 20 
 
 25 
 
 Kilmaclanon . . 
 
 2t 
 
 25 
 
 Eniskeon .... 
 
 22 
 
 25 
 
 Coldorohy . . . 
 
 24 
 
 27 
 
 
 24 
 
 27 
 
 Balligurteen . . . 
 
 24 
 
 27 i 
 
 Kildorry .... 
 
 27 
 
 27 1 
 
 Ballinhagsig . , 
 
 29 
 
 29 • 
 
 Tullilease . . . 
 
 29 
 
 31 
 
 
 
 
 
 31 ; 
 
 
 July 
 
 
 Rathclare . . . 
 Kinturk .... 
 
 i 
 
 4 
 
 June \ 
 
 1 
 
 Middletown . . 
 
 5 
 
 1 j 
 
 Timoleague . . . 
 
 5 
 
 4 
 
 Ballinvrooney . . 
 
 10 
 
 
 Kilmurraghan . . 
 
 10 
 
 5 
 
 '-' 
 
 Skibbereen . . . 
 
 10 
 
 7 
 
 Cahirmee . . . 
 
 12 
 
 7 
 
 Macromp . . . 
 
 12 
 
 7 
 
 Coolagurragh . . 
 
 3 
 
 7 
 
 Dun man way . . | 
 
 13 
 
 8 
 
 Curras and Maun 
 
 16 
 
 
 Kilcummer . . , | 
 
 21 
 
FOU IRELAND. 243 
 
 Places where held. ' 
 
 Time. 
 
 Mdlow - - - - 
 
 25 
 
 Ballvffurteen - - - 
 
 25 
 
 Passage - - - - 
 
 25 
 
 Castletownroche - - 
 
 28 
 
 Michelstown - - 
 
 30 
 
 Cloiiakilty - - - 
 
 30 
 
 
 Aug, 
 
 Glangowra - - - 
 
 1 
 
 Monkstown - - - 
 
 1 
 
 Skibbereen - - - 
 
 
 KnocknamarifF - - 
 
 3 
 
 TP) 11 1_ 
 
 isaiJybuy - - - - 
 
 3 
 
 ballicJougii - - - 
 
 3 
 
 Cardriney - - - 
 
 3 
 
 Dangon - - - - 
 
 3 
 
 Killacounty - - - 
 
 3 
 
 Tracton - - - - 
 
 3 
 
 Barnagrove - - - 
 
 8 
 
 rJallinanassig - - 
 
 10 
 
 GI an worth - - - 
 
 10 
 
 T '1 
 
 Lonerail - - - - 
 
 12 
 
 Enniskeon - - - 
 
 12 
 
 Carnagaline - - - 
 
 12 
 
 Rathcormick - - 
 
 12 
 
 Maslacanlands - - 
 
 15 
 
 Anngrove - - - 
 
 15 
 
 Rostelan - - - - 
 
 15 
 
 Coolymiirranoo 
 
 17 
 
 Dromagh - - - 
 
 20 
 
 SI land rum - - - 
 
 20 
 
 Ballinamonc - - - 
 
 O 1 
 
 Z 1 
 
 Bantry - - - - 
 
 
 Magilla - - - - 
 
 C) 1 
 ^ 1. 
 
 Innoleage - - - 
 
 21 
 
 ^1 11 1 1 
 Cnrraghbeglantl - - 
 
 24? 
 
 Coldorohy - - ~ 
 
 Z'h 
 
 Carrigtohill - - - 
 
 26 
 
 Crookstown - - - 
 
 26 
 
 Castle-Lyons - 
 
 28 
 
 Insegeleage - - - 
 
 31 
 
 Liscairol . - - 
 
 
 places where held* 
 
 Time, 
 
 
 
 Mulstreet - - - 
 
 1 
 
 iiallmakelly - - - 
 
 3 )l 
 
 DrumctiUagher 
 
 3 
 
 T7-M 1 ^„ 
 
 ivildorery - - - - 
 
 3 
 
 Ballinavat - - - - 
 
 4 
 
 Bartholomew-well - 
 
 
 i^asiit LOvvii — — - 
 
 A. 
 
 Kin Side - - - ~ 
 
 it 
 ^^ 
 
 f"i1/l noctlf* _ _ • . 
 
 A. 
 
 Rugsboro - - - - 
 
 4? 
 
 Kilnmrray - - - 
 
 r> 
 b 
 
 Newmarket - - - 
 
 o 
 
 O 
 
 Ballinvroony 
 
 10 
 
 T\ ilwnrtn _ _ — — 
 
 1 1 
 
 Olrl IVfill -«trppl 
 
 Jf ^ 
 
 iVltlLl UIIIJJ ~ " 
 
 
 I T 1 V" V* o c onri IvTonTl . 
 
 \^urrtis tiiii-i ivitiLiii 
 
 1 4. 
 
 ond.iiiJd.li yiiiui — 
 
 1 o 
 
 Dunmanway - - - 
 
 J « 
 
 Blarney - - - - 
 
 
 Ballinakelly - - - 
 
 1 Q 
 
 Ballyclough - - - 
 
 1 O 
 
 Carrigtohill - - - 
 
 i\f 
 
 
 
 Kilcunimer - - - 
 
 Z L 
 
 Mossgrove - - - 
 
 Z t 
 
 Glan worth - - - 
 
 OA. 
 Z^ 
 
 Drimoleague - - - 
 
 O ft 
 
 Transtown - - - 
 
 
 I\ L Vv L O W i 1 ~ ~ ~ "~ 
 
 ox 
 
 Bnllinspidale - - - 
 
 ZD 
 
 Ballinhassig - - - 
 
 29 
 
 Castletownroche - - 
 
 29 
 
 Anngrove - 
 
 29 
 
 Castle Lyons - - 
 
 29 
 
 Coldorohy - - - 
 
 
 
 
 Cork 
 
 I 
 
 Aiighadown - * - 
 
 2 
 
 Ballihceri - - - - 
 
 2 9 
 
245 
 
 NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Time- 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Time. 
 
 
 October 
 
 
 Nov. 
 
 injmtlpmnrtvr 
 
 2 
 
 Randnn . ^ . 
 
 8 
 
 ^y\Ji.MM.M.C*\A^M.L • • • • 
 
 2 
 
 C^fi rri o n 1 1 n p 
 
 8 
 
 Enniskeon .... 
 
 2 
 
 Cerrigtowhill • . . 
 
 8 
 
 ilmnrlfnriinor . 
 
 2 
 
 Rallivnnrnpv 
 
 X^dxxx ▼ v^v-Fx lie y ... 
 
 10 
 
 Abacross «... 
 
 
 Blarney • • • . 
 
 11 
 
 Innishannon ... 
 
 3 
 
 Charleville • • 
 
 12 
 
 T^a 1 1 1 f 1 nil (T n 
 
 R 
 yj 
 
 r^lnnnkilfv 
 
 Vyl^llclIvXXLy «... 
 
 12 
 
 'Rfillidphob 
 
 jL^ciiilV^diV^Lr • • • • 
 
 
 Tinnpvflilp 
 
 X^vyXXwX <XXXO . . • 
 
 12 
 
 l^n lIpnnnpliPK 
 
 10 
 
 K illllpfiorn 
 
 XVXXXllCds^Xl • . . . 
 
 12 
 
 Charleville . . • 
 
 10 
 
 Macromp .... 
 
 12 
 
 Cllonnkiltv .... 
 
 10 
 
 Michelstown ... 
 
 12 
 
 X 1VC""I1111C UllUilK^ m 
 
 10 
 
 IVfnnlcstnwn 
 
 i.TXv/XXXVi3LV/ TV 11 ... 
 
 12 
 
 IVTiflH Ipfown 
 
 10 
 
 Tjsnnron . . . • 
 
 14< 
 
 Nadrid . . • . . 
 
 10 
 
 Dromnagilibeg 
 
 15 
 
 p wm 1* K pf" 
 
 X ' VV XXldX XVt L . • • 
 
 10 
 
 v-^doLic^ x-4yv^iii3 ... 
 
 16 
 
 Skibbereen * . 
 
 12 
 
 Crookstown ... 
 
 17 
 
 sjuviicy txiii) • • . 
 
 14 
 
 tlnn n f> n o" n ... 
 
 V^t^XlXXdtiii XI • • • . 
 
 o 
 
 20 
 
 xJdrXiLi y • • . . 
 
 1 '5 
 
 X^l CrXXXdi^Xl . . . « 
 
 20 
 
 nJpWf*P«if'OWTI 
 
 C Vf ^Col/C W 11. ... 
 
 15 
 
 rinnfl rrb mnrp 
 
 21 
 
 Roll woliinnp r»v ilrtVP 
 
 xJu'liy VOxctlllic yjL \_/Wtc 
 
 1 '5 
 
 X 
 
 rv 11 wnrtn 
 
 X^XXVtV^X lxj . « • « 
 
 21 
 
 ll pp 1 1 «;f n w n 
 
 18 
 
 TCirmalp • . . 
 
 XVXXlt^dXV^ . ... 
 
 21 
 
 Youghal .... 
 
 18 
 
 Newmarket 
 
 21 
 
 Lgpp , , . . , 
 
 20 
 
 Middletown 
 
 22 
 
 n fiplrn 1 m fi 1* 1 II 
 
 XVllLfV-XVlJcllXlCll 1X1 . . 
 
 20 
 
 TCilbriton 
 
 XVXX1LF1 ILvXl • . . • 
 
 22 
 
 Tullilease .... 
 
 24. 
 
 Cecilstown .... 
 
 24> 
 
 Doumalagree . • . 
 
 27 
 
 Dunmanway , . . 
 
 2Q 
 
 xYxdliUW .... 
 
 
 XVIlLlUxCi Y .... 
 
 27 
 
 T5aTi(]on . : . 
 
 ^^LM>RM^kKJ±M. .... 
 
 29 
 
 Liscarrol .... 
 
 29 
 
 r? n f" r» r» r» v m n ij" 
 XVciLxlLUl JllLlClV . e . 
 
 29 
 
 Xdll VT Ul til .... 
 
 SO 
 
 
 
 
 Dec. 
 
 T A ^fynlfi 
 
 X-ixai^uxvi . . . • 
 
 1 
 
 jjdxXLiy ..... 
 
 1 
 
 T? nt npl a VP 
 
 XVClLIll^XCtl C ... a 
 
 1 
 
 l\f ill-<jtrppt 
 
 XtXxI I'StX CCL .... 
 
 I 
 
 Glangowra , ► . 
 
 1 
 
 Insegelagh .... 
 
 9 
 
 Kilmiirrv ... 
 
 ] 
 
 Rallinflmnonpv . . 
 
 x^cixxxxidxixviwixe y . • 
 
 s 
 
 Grenoghs • • • . 
 
 2 
 
 Clovne . . . 
 
 s 
 
 Glinville . . : . 
 
 
 Brigown ...» 
 
 
 Kinturk .... 
 
 3 
 
 Timoleague . . . 
 
 r 
 
 Old Abbey . . . 
 
 3 
 
 Maslacanlands ; * 
 
 8 
 
 Curras & Maun . . 
 
 5 
 
 Mossgrove .... 
 
 
 Barnagrove . , . 
 
 6 
 
 Kilworth .... 
 
 10 
 
 
 Kinturk .... 
 
 11 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 247 
 
 Places where hel^. 
 
 Time. 
 
 
 Dec. 
 
 Skibbereen - - - 
 
 11 
 
 Castletown Roche - 
 
 12 
 
 Kewcestown - - - 
 
 12 
 
 Old Mill-street - - 
 
 12 
 
 Shanballymore - - 
 
 13 
 
 Rathclare - - - - 
 
 17 
 
 Coldorohy - - - 
 
 18 
 
 
 19 
 
 Curraghbegland - - 
 
 20 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Time^ 
 
 
 Dec. 
 
 KnocknamarifF - - 
 
 20 
 
 Kilcummer - - - 
 
 21 
 
 Kilmurry - - - - 
 
 21 
 
 Lisgold - - - - 
 
 21 
 
 Skibbereen - - - 
 
 23 
 
 Anngrove - - - - 
 Balligurteen - - - 
 
 26 
 
 28 
 
 Carigalin^ - . - 
 
 31 
 
NEW TRAVELLERS GUIDE 
 
 COUNTY OF TIPPERARY. 
 
 The County of Tipperary is bounded on the north, by 
 the K'wfr and Queen's Counties; on the east, by Kilkenny; on 
 the south, by tlie Counties of Waterford and Cork ; and on 
 the west, by tlie Counties of Galway, Clare, and Limerick. 
 Its greatest length is about 52 Irish miles, and its greatest 
 breadth is about 30 Irish miles. Its surface comprises 554,950 
 acres, Irish plantation measure, including bogs, mountain, and 
 waste. It is divided into 12 Baronies, — Lower Ormond, Upper 
 Ormond, Ikerin, Isleagh, Owen and Arra, Kilnelegurty, 
 Kilnemanna, Slewarda and Comply, Middle Tliird, Clan- 
 wiiliam, IfFa and Offa, and Eligurty : — which contain 1«6 
 Parishes. The lands of this County are ranked amongst the 
 most productive in the island, but are generally occupied in 
 grazing, and consequently the population does not correspond 
 with the fertility of the soil. The peasantry being by such 
 a desolating system of farming, exiled into bairen mountains, 
 or forced to crowd into towns and villages to procure a 
 precarious and wretched subsistence, become turbulent, violent, 
 and discontented ; and are the ready instruments of every revo- 
 lutionary insurrection. This circumstance may account for that 
 wide difference observable in the disposition of the northern 
 and southern peasantry. In the former provinces industry and 
 civilization are manifestly progressive, when not artfully inter- 
 rupted by religious discord, occasionally excited by the machi- 
 nations of ambitious demagogues ; but the County of Tipperary 
 appears to be the exhaustless fountain of discontent, successively 
 breaking forth in some new forai. The western portion 
 of this County is rugged, coarse, and mountainous, where the 
 surface is composed of such soil as is generally found in elevated 
 situations. Iron and lead ore have been discovered in various 
 places, coal mines also are very numerous. The flat parts 
 ronsist of lime-stone and lime-stone gravel. This County wa? 
 
roll IRELAND* 
 
 349 
 
 formerly a palatine, under the jurisdiction of the Duke of 
 Ormond, which was suppressed on that nobleman's attaindei-, 
 in the reign of King George tlie First. The northern moun- 
 tainous portion was denominated Ormond, and the upper dis- 
 trict was distinguished by the appellation of Holy Cross. The 
 liver Suir flows nearly through its whole extent. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Sl^vcarda a?id Comjpsey, 
 
 Ball inure, Isertkeriii, Gare, 
 
 l^uolic, Kilcooly, Killenaul, 
 
 Crohane^ Lickflin, Kilvemnon, 
 
 Derryneflin, Lismaliuj Templemichaelj 
 
 Tennor, Modeshil, Grangemocier, 
 
 Graystown, Mowny, 
 
 IlOADSi 
 
 On the road running from Callen to Clonmel, Tipperary 
 Cotinty commences at the seventy-first mile-stone^ where a cross 
 road on the right, sweeps towards Fethard, and another on the 
 left, leads to Carrick on Suir ; here is situated a remarkable 
 stage, called the Nine-Mile House, a little beyond which, lie 
 the ruins of an old castle, situated on the left; the Slieve-na- 
 Manna mountains commence their lofty range hercj and skirt the 
 road on the right, for a considerable distance. At the seventy- 
 fouith mile-stone, is situated the elegant mansion and well 
 planted demesne of Kilcash, romanticly situated at the foot 
 of these mountains. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Iffa and Offa^ 
 
 Ballyclerahan, 
 
 Newchapel, 
 
 White Church, 
 
 Ardcollum, 
 
 Ardfinnan^ 
 
 Clonmel, 
 
 Rochestown, 
 
 Innislougli, 
 
 Kilmurry, 
 
 Newtownlenan, 
 
 Tulloghmelan, 
 
 Ballybacon, 
 
 Cahir, 
 
 Carrick on Suir, 
 Derrigrath, 
 Killalone, 
 Kilcash, 
 Kilgrant, 
 Kilshilan, 
 2 JL 
 
 Kiltigan, 
 
 Lisronan, 
 
 Neddans, 
 
 Newcastle, 
 
 Kathronan, 
 
 Shanraghan, 
 
 Templehay, 
 
 Tubbrid, 
 
 Tullaghhorton, 
 
NKW traveller's guide 
 
 ROADS. 
 
 Al the bcvcnty-sixth mile-stone, stands tlie little village cf 
 Ballypatrick ; a cross road on the right, leads to Fethard, and 
 another on the left, to Carrick on Suir. At the seven ly-seventh 
 niile-stone, lie the ruins of Ballv<Tlaskin Castle, situated on the 
 right; at the seventy-ninth mile-stone, stands Kilmore, the 
 
 beautiful seat of Bagnal Esq. situated on the right, and a 
 
 little farther on, lies Newtown, the elegant residence of Sir 
 Thomas Osborne; in the same direction, contiguous to New- 
 town, is situated the neat mansion and demesne of Redmonds- 
 town. At the eighty-first mile-&tone, stands the Charter- 
 School, situated on the right, liberally endowed by the charita- 
 ble munificence of John Dawson, Esq. and Sir Charles Moore, 
 Baronet. 
 
 Clonmel, — Distant eighty-one miles and three quarters from 
 the Castle of Dublin, is delightfully situated on the river Suir, 
 naviffable from thence to Waterford, over which a bridfje con- 
 fcisting of twenty arches is erected, communicating with the 
 County of Waterford ; it is the shire and assizes town of this 
 County. Its civil government is vested in a mayor, bailiffs, and 
 town-clerk. It consists of four cross streets, regularly and well 
 built. It carries on a brisk inland trade, and is well furnished with 
 retail shops, plentifully stored with such articles as either ca- 
 })ricious fancy or actual necessity require. The woollen manu- 
 facture is vigorously though not very extensively carried on 
 here : its goal, market-house, court-house, barrack and church, 
 are substantially and not inelegantly constructed stone edifices. 
 Its inns, or houses of entertainment, are numerous, some oi" 
 which are elegantly fitted up for the reception of guests of rank, 
 consequence, and distinction ; other receptacles are arranged in 
 a stile corresponding with the humble situation and wants of 
 their occasional visitors. This town is very ancient, having been 
 built previous to the Danish invasion ; it was formerly fortified 
 and defended by a very strong wall. Here Oliver Cromwell 
 encountered a more obstinate resistance than he experienced in 
 vhe reduction of any other town in Ireland ; after its surrender, 
 he demolished the casiles, walls, and fortifications, of which 
 ancient monuments, few ft aginents now remain. In 1262 a 
 Dominican friary was founded here, dedicated to St. Dominick, 
 but by whom, is not stated in the learned and laborious re- 
 searches of the author of the Monasticon. In 1269 a Franciscan 
 friary wns founded here, byDe Grandison, the church of which 
 was splendidly magnificent ; in this church a miracle-working 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 image of St. Francis was preserved. King Henry tlie Eiglitli, 
 at the suppression of this monastic institution, granted one 
 moiety of its possessions to the sovereign and commonalty of 
 Clonmel, at the annual rent of twelve pence, to bo held in capite 
 for ever. The other moiety was granted to James, Earl of 
 Ormond, for a similar rent and tenure* The churcli is now con- 
 verted into a meeting- house, of a dissenting congregation. 
 Laurence Sterne, the witty author of Tristram Shandy, was 
 born in this town, on the 24'th of November, 1713. It gives 
 the title of Earl to the family of Scott. It returns one member 
 to the United Parliament. Here the roads approaching from 
 Fethard and Cashel unite ; two roads branch off on the right, 
 from the upper extremity of the town, one leading to Ardfinnan, 
 and the other to Tipperary town. The road continued from 
 the bridge erected across the Suir, leads to Dungarvan and 
 Cappoquin, as delineated in the description of the County of 
 Waterford; from this road, a cross road issues on the left, 
 running along the Waterford side of the river Suir to Cai'rick. 
 Another road leads on the Tipperary side of the river Suir to 
 Carrick. At the five mile-stone of this road, running from 
 Clonmel, lie the ruins of Poulakerry Castle, situated between 
 the road and the river Suir. Near the six mile-stone, are the 
 ruins of Burnchurch; at the seven mile-stone, are situated the 
 ruins of Ballydoyne Castle. 
 
 Carrick. — At the ten mile-stone, from Clonmel, stands 
 Carrick, built on both sides of the river Suir, and distant 
 seventy-four miles and a half from the Castle of Dublin ; the 
 distance intervening between Clonmel and Carrick on Suir is 
 thickly inhabited by an opulent gentry, whose beautiful seats 
 highly contribute to adorn and diversify its variegated scenery of 
 majestic mountains, wliosedusky summits exibitastriking contrast 
 lo the verdant carpet expanding beneath their base. Carrick on 
 Suir is a very considerable and opulent town, irregularly built; it 
 had formerly walls and fortifications, some fragments of which 
 still remain ; the manufacture of broad cloths and ratteens, is 
 extensively carried on here ; it has a barrack for two troops of 
 horse ; it gives the title of Earl to a branch of the family of 
 Butler, as it formerly conferred a similar distinction on the 
 Duke of Ormond. Its monastic institutions, previous to the 
 Reformation, consisted of a priory, founded by Wil Ham de 
 Cantel, and Dionisia his wife, dedicated to St. John the evan- 
 gelist, for canons regular, observing the rules of St. Augustin- 
 This priory, at its suppression, was granted lo the Eail ol 
 
VEw traveller's guide 
 
 Ormond without any reserved rent. Thomas Duff, or black 
 Thomas, Earl of Ormond, erected a castle on the scite of the 
 priory, long since suffered to moulder into dust. Here the 
 roads from CuUen and Ferry-bank meet; two roads issue from 
 the Waterford end of the town, as noticed among the roads of 
 that County. About three miles beyond Clonmcl, on the left, 
 stands Knocklofty, the finely planted demesne and delightful 
 residence of Lord Donoughmore, enchantingly situated on the 
 banks of the Suir. 
 
 Ardfiyman. — On the road passing between Clonmel and 
 Ballyporeen, stands the ancient village of Ardfinnan, agreeably 
 situated on the river Suir, and distant eighty-eight miles and a 
 half from the Castle of Dublin, where are the ruins of an old 
 castle, built by King John when ^^arl of Morton, in 1184, 
 boldly situated on a rock overhanging the river ; in its present 
 state, it wears the gloomy aspect of Gothic magnificence. St^ 
 Finian the leper, who flourished about the end of the sixth 
 century, founded an abbey for regular canons Iiere, to which 
 Cormac MacCuillenan, the celebrated archbishop of Casliel an4 
 king of Munster, bequeathed an ounce of gold, an ounce of silver, 
 his horse and arms, in 903. The town and abbey were sacked, 
 plundered, and destroyed by the English in 1 1 78. Flere the 
 road from Cahier unites on the right, and two roads branch off 
 from this town, one on the right, leading to Clogheen, and the 
 other on the left, runs towards Newcastle. Beyond the eighty- 
 ninth mile-ston^, are the ruins of Lady's Abbey on the left; 
 at the ninety-first mile stone, stands Castle Grace Church on 
 the left ; the road from Cahier unites on the right. 
 
 Clogheen^ — Distant ninety-three miles and three quarters 
 from the Castle of Dublin, by the Clonmel road, is a small 
 village, pleasantly situated on a streamlet, which flows into the 
 Suir ; it is a great thoroughfare, much resorted to by travellers 
 journeying to Cork ; the roads from Lismore and Carrick here 
 unite. At the ninety-fourth mile stone, stands Shanrahany 
 Church on the left, and a little farther on, to the right, is 
 situated Shanbally, the splendid residence of Lord Lismore. 
 
 Ballyporeen^ — Is a considerable village, distant ninety-six 
 miles and three quarters from the Castle of Dublin, much fre- 
 quented by travellers. At the ninety-eighth mile stone, the 
 road forks into two branches, that on the right, leads to 
 Michelstown, and the other on the left, runs to Kilworth; at 
 the ninety-ninth mile stone, the County terminates in this 
 direction. On the road passing between Urlingford and Ki!- 
 lenaule, Tipperary County commences near the sixty- third 
 
VOR IRELAND. 
 
 mile stone ; at llie sixty-four mile stone, a cross road unites on 
 the left ; on this side of the sixty-fifth mile stone, stands KiU 
 cooly on the left, the delightful residence of Sir William Barker, 
 Baronet; at the sixty-fifth mile stone, on the left, lie the ruins 
 of Kilcooly abbey, founded in 1200, by Donough Carbragh 
 O'Brien lor Cistcrtian monks, and dedicated to the Virgin 
 Mary; this abbey, on its suppression, with all its appurtenances, 
 was granted to Thomas, Earl of Ormond; a neat church 
 now stands contiguous to the ruips of the abbey. At the sixty* 
 eighth mile stone, lie the ruins of an old castle on the left ; on 
 this side of the seventieth mile stone, are the ruins of an old 
 church, situated on the left ; at the seventieth mile stone, the 
 road to Thurles, branches off to the right. 
 
 Killenaule^ — Is an inconsiderable village, distant seventy-two 
 miles and a half from the Castle of Pnblin, surrounded by a 
 rich, fertile, and charming country. The road from Callen 
 unites on the left ; and the road to Cashel, branches olF to the 
 right ; at the seventy-fourth mile stone, are the ruins of an old 
 castle on the left ; at the seventy-fifth mile-stone, a road from 
 Callen joins to the left, a little farther on, a road to Cashel 
 feweeps to the right; at the seventy-seventh mile stone, lie the 
 ^uins of Kilnockin Castle on the left, and a little farther on, are 
 jjie ruins of another castle in the same direction. 
 
 To Ballj/porecn^ hy Niiietcen MUc Home 
 
 Miles. 
 
 Nineteen Mile House 
 
 • a 
 
 
 7oi 
 
 Clonmel . ^ 
 
 
 n 
 
 
 Ardfinnan 
 
 
 61 
 
 88 
 
 Cloghecn 
 
 • • 
 
 
 93:|- 
 
 Pallyporcen 
 
 • • 
 
 3 
 
 96| 
 
 - Parishes in the Saronij of Middle Tliird, 
 
 Cashel, Hove Abbey, Red City, 
 
 Clonin, Johnstown, Tullao:hmainc, 
 
 Coilogh, Kilconnel, Waddistown, 
 
 Coleman, Kiltinan, Ballysheehan, 
 
 Crumpstown, KnackgrafTon, Mora, 
 
 Dogstown, Magowr^', Islortlestown, 
 
 Drangan, Mogorban, Oiitcragli, 
 
 Erry, Pepardstown, St. John's Cran^c 
 
 Fethard, Ratlicool, Donaghmore. ' 
 
 peal, Raylestowr,, 
 
NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 Fethard, — Distant seventy-eight miles and a quarter from tli© 
 Castle of Dublin, was formerly a walled town, and deemed a 
 place of considerable importance ; some portions of the walls 
 and urates still remain; it now exhibits a ruinous, decayed, and 
 impoverished aspect, destitute of all kinds of traffic bat the 
 vending of liquors ; it was a borough previous to the Union, 
 returning two members to the Irish Parliament. In 1306, a 
 monastery for Eremites, observing the rules prescribed by St. 
 Augustin, was founded here ; this monastery and all its pos- 
 sessions, were granted to Sir Edmund Butler, Knight, in capite 
 jbr ever, at the annual rent of five shillings and four pence, Irish 
 currency. The road from Callen unites on the left; three 
 roads issue to the right, lejiding in different directions to Cashel, 
 Golden, and Cahier; beyond the eighty-first milestone, a cross 
 road from Cashfei, and the ruins of an old castle lie on the right ; 
 and Kilmore mansion and demesne are situated on the left; at 
 the eighty-third mile stone, lie the ruins of an old castle on 
 the right ; at the eighty-fifth mile stone, stands Clonmel already 
 described. On the road passing between Urlingford and 
 Cashel, Tipperary County commences at the sixty-second mile 
 stone; a little farther on, lie the ruins of two castles on the 
 left. 
 
 To ClonmeJi hy Killenaule. 
 
 Miles. 
 
 Killenaule • . . . — I 72| 
 
 Fethard . . . . r>| | 78i 
 
 Clonmel . . . . 6|- | 85 
 
 Lo7tgford-Pass, — Is a small village, distant sixty-three miles 
 and a half from the Castle of Dublin, where are the ruins of an 
 old barrack ; on this side of the sixty-fourth mile stone, the 
 road from Kilkenny joins on the left, and the ruins of an old 
 castle are situated on the right; here the road, for a considera- 
 ble distance, runs through a boggy tract : at the sixty-sixth 
 mile stone, the ruins of an old castle are situated on the verge 
 of a bog to the left, and a road to Thurles, branches off to the 
 right ; at the sixty-seventh mile stone lie the ruins of an old 
 castle on the right ; at the sixty-ninth mile stone, the road 
 from Killenaule ^unites on the left, and the ruins of an old 
 castle are situated in that direction ; a cross road branches off 
 on the right ; near the seventieth mile stone, the road running 
 from Thurles to Clonmel crosses in an oblique line ; at the 
 
lOR IRELAND. 
 
 2o5 
 
 sevent3'-first mile stone, the ruins of an old castle are situated 
 on the left ; on this side of the seventy-third mile stone, stands 
 the ruins of an old castle on the right; at the seventy- fourth 
 mile stone, is situated the delightful demesne of Newpark, on 
 the left, and the ruins of an old castle on the right. 
 
 Cashel City^ — Distant seventy-six miles and three quarters 
 from the Castle of Dublin, is large, populous, neat, clean, and 
 well built ; it is governed by a mayor, recorder, and bailiffs. 
 Its public edifices are a fine market house, a session house, a 
 charter school, very liberally endowed, a barrack for two com- 
 panies of foot, and an episcopal palace. This city and its 
 suburbs must have been formerly very extensive, as it appears 
 that S8 brewers were cited before a convention, for not paying 
 to the church, the accustomed fee of two flagons of ale, due 
 for each brewing. The palace is a plain quadrangular brick 
 structure, furnished with a valuable library, containing many 
 ancient and curious manuscripts, among which, that ancient 
 record the Psalter of Cashel, written by Cormac MacCuleman, 
 a celebrated legislator and warrior, is still preserved. The 
 gardens attached to the palace are beautiful and tastefully 
 arranged. The present cathedral is a magnificcLt modern 
 structure, of Greecian architecture, adorned with a lofty spire 
 and steeple ; but the attractive graces of this lately constructed 
 edifice, cannot restrain a sympathetic commiseration for the 
 forlorn and desolate condition of the venerable pile, majestically 
 seated on the summit of the rock, splendid even in its ruins, 
 and exhibiting a melancholy example of the mutability of all 
 human institutions. The original cathedral, since successively 
 and considerably enlarged, is supposed to have been erected by 
 St. Patrick, and is ranked among the first Christian stone 
 edifices built in this island. This stupenduous pile is situated 
 on the perpendicular edge of the rock, awfully grand, 
 and majestic ; the approach to the summit is by a serpentine 
 winding road, up the side of the rock, where it slopes by a 
 gradual and accessible descent: and the entrance to the cathe- 
 dral is by a lofty gate, placed in the western tower, originally 
 constituting a portion of the royal palace, whence there is a 
 communication to the north cross, containing a chapel dedi- 
 cated to the Apostles ; in the centre of which, there is au 
 excavation supposed subterraneously to communicate with au 
 a^bbcy, distant about a quarter of a mile from the cathedral. 
 The steeple rises from four finely proportioned arches. Tho 
 ornaments round the windows are rich, curious, and splendid. 
 The choir and nave, about 210 ftct long, arc strewed v/iih the 
 
256 
 
 KEW traveller's GUIDfi 
 
 mutilated fiagnicnts of tlieir ancient decorations. The easterii 
 window is so defaced, that no traces of its original richness and 
 grandeur any longer exist. Adjoining the South Cross, is 
 f'ituatcd Cor mac's Chapel and Hall of Audience, a relick of 
 ancient architecture, worthy of particular inspection, whose 
 sides are decorated with rows of slender columns, supporting 
 f emicircular arches, richly ornamented. In the east end, there 
 is a niche, traditionally reported to contain the regal throne, 
 over whicli are the sculls of various animals, whimsically deli- 
 neated, but boldly sculptured. The roof of this singular 
 edifice is vaulted. From the hall a narrow stair-case leads to 
 an apartment of similar dimensions, whose roof is composed of 
 a semicircular arch, admirably united, and still perfect. On 
 the east angle of the North Cross, stands a round tower, built 
 of free-stone, although the remaining structures are composed 
 of black marble. The ruins of this cathedral tci^tify its ancient 
 strength, splendor, and magnificence; it seems to have been 
 built before the introduction of Gothic architecture into this 
 island. In 1 172, Henry the Second here received the homage 
 of Donald O'Brien, King of Liitierick, In the reign of 
 Charles the First, Lord Inchiquin battered the Episcopal 
 Palace, situate^d at the west end of the cathedral. In J 169, 
 Donald O'Brien built a new church, liaving converted tlie 
 original one, erected by Cormac, into a Chapter-house. In 
 1421, it being then much decayed, it was again repaired. In 
 1495, the Earl of Kildare, being outrageously incensed against 
 David Creagh, the then archbishop, burned the cathedral, and 
 Would have treated the prelate in like manner, iiad he had the 
 misfortune of being seized by this infuriated nobleman. This 
 event exhibits a deplorable specimen, on how precarious a 
 tenure life, liberty, and property, were held under the barba- 
 rous despotism of Baronical fetidahsm. In this cathedral was 
 deposited the Lia Fail, or fatal Stone, on which the Kings of 
 Munster were crowned. In 513, Fergus, a prince of the royal 
 line, having obtained the Scottish Crown, requested the use of 
 the stone for his coronation — a prophecy then prevailing, that 
 wherever this stone was kept, the Milesian line of kings would 
 reign a powerful rnonarcliy. This stone remained at Scoonej 
 until Edward the Frst removed it to Westminster Abbey, where 
 it retnains uoder the ancient Coronation-chair to this day: it is 
 a singular circumstance, that the present royal family derivcf 
 their title from a daughter of James the First, lineally descended 
 from this Fergus. If this ominous stone actually possess such 
 mystical qualities, and magnetic attractive powers, may it nevey 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 257 
 
 be removed from its present position, until time be no more ! 
 This city was anciently encompassed with a wall, of which some 
 fragments, and two gates still remain : it likewise was the 
 metropolis of the Kings of Munster. Its monastic institutions, 
 previous to the Reformation, were an hospital for sick and infirm 
 poor, founded by Sir David de Latimer, archbishop of CasIieJ, 
 in honour of St. Nicholas. This hospital was forcibly united 
 to the Cistertian abbey, about the year 1272. In 1243,a friar}'^ 
 was founded by archbishop David MacKelly, dedicated to St. 
 Dominick. An accidental fire having destroyed this monastery, 
 it was declared by an instrument dated at Limerick, in 1480, 
 that all persons assisting and contributing in its re-erection, 
 should be deemed brothers and sisters of the order, and enjoy 
 the benefit of all masses, prayers, sermons, vigils, and other 
 pious deeds, performed by the brotherhood in this life, and 
 afterwards they should inherit eternal salvation ; conditions so 
 favourable could not fail to procure numerous subscribers. — 
 This friary, on its suppression, was granted with all its appur- 
 tenances, (tithes only excepted,) to Walter Fleming, in capite 
 for ever, at the annual rent of two shillings and six-pence Irish 
 currency. Hore Abbey, likewise named St, Mary's Abbey, 
 was situated on the rock of Cashel, contiguous to the 
 cathedral, and originally founded for Benedictines ; but 
 David MacCarvil, the then archbishop, having dreamed 
 that the monks conspired to behead him, he violently deprived 
 them of all their possessions, and arbitrarily transferred them 
 to a body of Cistertian monks, invited hither from the abbey 
 of Millifont, in the County of Louth. This abbey, with all 
 Its possessions, in the village of Hore and elsewhere, was 
 granted by Queen Elizabeth, to Sir Henry Radcliffe, Knight. 
 The noble ruins of this magnificent edifice still remain, almost 
 entire — for a minute description, consult the learned ArchdaPs 
 Monasticon. In the reign of Henry the Third, an abbey for 
 Conventual Franciscans was founded by William Hacket. In 
 1363, several reverend brethren belonging to this abbey, were 
 accused by Sir Robert Preston, Knight, Lord Chief Justice, 
 of having by force of arms, cut down a quantity of timber, the 
 property of the said Robert, and committing divers other 
 enormities. On the culprits not appearing, the sheriff was 
 ordered to attach them : Henry the Eighth granted this abbey, 
 with all its possessions, on its suppression, to Edmund Butler, 
 archbishop of Cashel, to hold in capite for ever, at the annual 
 rent of two shillings and ten-pence, Irish currency ; —this city 
 returns one member to the United Parliament. The prospect 
 
 9, L 
 
258 
 
 ^'E^v traveller's GvihL 
 
 from the rock, over a most fertile tract of country, i.-^ only 
 bounded by the horizon, save only where the Gualtee moun- 
 tains interpose their cloud-capt summits. The intervening 
 grounds are not a dead level, but gently diversified by moderate 
 undulations, and had the hand of industry co-operated with the 
 natural beauties of a most luxuriant soil, the environs of Cashel 
 would exhibit a scenery, as richly ornamented as the most 
 glowing imagination could wish to delineate. A scarcity of 
 water must always obstruct CasheFs ever emerging from it^ 
 present inferior rank, unless a canal be cut to the city^ to 
 supply this primary defect, then only it can effectually be 
 benefited by its other local advantages. At the near end of the 
 > city, the roads from Fethard and Callen, unite on the left, and 
 the road from Thurles joins on the right : the roads to Clon- 
 mel, Clogheen, and Tipperary, issue from the upper extremity, 
 on the road leading from Cashel to Clogheen : at the seventy- 
 nine mile stone, stands the race-course; at the eighty mile 
 stone, are situated the ruins of an old castle on the left ; at the 
 eighty- one mile stone, lie the ruins of two old castles on the 
 left ; a cross road to the left, leads to Clonmel, and another on 
 the right, to Golden ; on this side of the eighty-third mile 
 stone, are the ruins of an old church to the left: at the eighty- 
 fifth mile stone, stands the ruins of an old castle on the right. 
 
 Cahier, — Distant eighty-five miles and a half from the Castle 
 of Dublin, is a small neat town, pleasantly situated on the 
 river Suir. On an island in this river, stands Cahier castle, 
 erected by O'Connor, king of Thomond, and monarch of 
 Ireland, before the year 1142. This castle was subdued by 
 George Carey, in the reign of Queen Elizabeth : it was after- 
 wards reduced by Cromwell. In the reign of king John, 
 Geoffry de Camvil founded a priory for canons regular, of the 
 order of St. Augustin, to the honor of the Blessed Virgin.— 
 On the dissolution of this priory, a lease of its possessions was 
 granted to Peter Sherlock. The road from Clonmel unites on 
 the left ; and the road from Tipperary joins on the right : this 
 town gives the title of Baron to a branch of the noble family 
 of Butler ; near this town is the delightful residence of Lord 
 Cahier. At the eighty-six mile stone, a road branches off on 
 the right, leading to Michel' s-town ; on this side of the eighty- 
 ninth mile stone, lie the ruins of an old castle to the left, and 
 at the eighty-ninth mile stone, stands Tubered church on the 
 left. Clogheen, already noticed, is distant by Cashel ninety- 
 one miles and three quarters from Dublin Castle. On the road 
 leading from Cashel to Tipperary, at the seventy-seven mile 
 tone, are situated the ruins of an old castle on the right. 
 
rOR IRELAND. 
 
 To Bdllyporeen, hy Longford-Pass, 
 
 Miles. 
 
 Longford-Pass , . . — 63 
 
 Cashel . . , . V6l 16i 
 
 Cahier . . . . 8 1 85i 
 
 Clogheen . . . 6? 91f 
 
 Ballyporeen . . . 3 4 95 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Claymilliam, 
 
 Athassel, 
 
 Ballygriffin, 
 
 Banshaw, 
 
 Dangandargan, 
 
 Killardy, 
 
 Rathlinan, 
 
 Religmiirry, 
 
 Donohill, 
 
 Clonfinlogh, 
 
 Bruis, 
 
 Clonbeg, 
 
 Clonbulloge, 
 
 Corbally, 
 
 Glanbane, 
 
 KUcorman, 
 
 Kilfeacle, 
 
 Lattin, 
 
 Shronel, 
 
 Solloghodbeg, 
 
 SoIloghodmorCj 
 
 Templenoe, 
 
 Tipperary, 
 
 Cardangan, 
 
 Clonpitt, 
 
 Emly. 
 
 On this side of the eighty mile stone, is situated Ballygriffin 
 on the right, an enchanting residence, the property of Earl 
 Clanwilliam, stretching along the banks of the Suir. 
 
 Golden — is a small village, pleasantly situated on the river 
 Suir, and distant eighty miles and a half from the Castle of 
 Dublin ; here are the ruins of an old castle on the right. — 
 About a mile from this village, are the ruins of Athassel Abbey, 
 founded by William Fitz- Adelm de Burke, about the year 1 200. 
 In 1319, Athassel was maliciously burned by John Fitz- Thomas, 
 brother to Lord Maurice Fitz-Thomas. In 1329,Brien O'Brien 
 burned Athassel to the ground : this abbey, with all its posses- 
 sions, at its suppression, was granted in capite for ever, to 
 Thomas Earl of Ormond, at a trifling annual rent, which was 
 remitted by Queen Elizabeth, who confirmed the grant of 
 Queen Mary. The ruins of this abbey, prove it to have been 
 as splendid as any monastic structure erected in this kingdom ; 
 for a particular description of its dimensions, and architectural 
 beauties, see Ledwidge's learned Antiquities^ pago 516. In this 
 vicinage, to the left, stands Suir Castle, the beautiful residence 
 of I,ord Massey, delightfully situated on the southern bank o?" 
 
260 
 
 NEW TRAVtiLLER's GUIDE 
 
 the river Suir. A crossroad unites on the left. At the eighty- 
 second mile stone, on the left, is situated Thomastown, the 
 ancient and venerable mansion of LordLandafF, encompassed by 
 ademcsnx; comprising twenty-two hundred English acres, richly 
 ornamented with the finest full grown timber : it is universally 
 acknowledged to be the finest country seat in Ireland ; but 
 modern improvements are so rapidly advancing to maturity, 
 that its claim to priority will be soon disputed. Here are the 
 ruins of two old castles situated on the right. 
 
 Tipperary Town, — from which this opulent and extensive 
 county is denominated, is apparently in a ruinous condition, 
 and is distanj: eighty-six miles and three quarters from Dublin 
 Castle. In the reign of Henry the Third, a monastery for Ere- 
 mites, following the rule of St. Augi;stin, was founded here. — 
 In 1329, this town was burned by Brien O'Brien; Henry 
 the Eighth granted this monastery, with all its possessions, to 
 Dermot Ryan, in capite for ever, at the annual rent of eight 
 pence, Irish currency; here the roads from Clonmel and 
 Thurles unitp, A road branches off to the right, leading to 
 Limerick ; at the eighty-ninth milp stone, stands Darner's Court, 
 a fine residence, the property of Lord Milton ; at the ninety- 
 second mile stone, the road forks into two branches, that oa 
 the left, leading to Michelstown, and the other on the right, 
 to Kilmallock. In a sequestered corner of this barony, on the 
 verge of the county, stands Emly, anciently a celebrated city, 
 of which no traces now remain, but the ruins of a church, some 
 mouldering walls, a large unhewn s|one crossj and a holy well. 
 It is supposed to have been erected into a bishoprick in the 
 fourth century, previous to the arrival of St. Patrick, by St. 
 Ailbe. After the arrival of St. Patrick, and the conversion of 
 Angus MacNafric, king of Cashel, the church of Emly was 
 declared the metropolitan church of Munster, which dignity it 
 enjoyed for several centuries, until translated to Cashel, where 
 it still remains. In 1123, this city was plundered by robbers, 
 and St. Ailbe's mitre was coasumed in the flames. In 1192, it 
 was destroyed by fire, and \yas afterwards rebuilt, and continued 
 a very considerable town, down to the reign of Henry the 
 Eighth. In 1568, the see of J^mly was united to Cashel. 
 
 Ballymanlagh — is a small village, distant ninety-one miles and 
 a half from the Castle of Dublin; and on this side of the ninety- 
 four mile stone, Tipperary County terminates in this direetiojn. 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 261 
 
 To Ballymanlagh, hj Lo7ig ford-Pass, 
 
 Longford-Pass 
 
 Ballymoreeii 
 
 Cashel 
 
 Golden 
 
 Tipperary 
 
 Ballymanlagh 
 
 54^ 
 
 8 
 
 (Miles.) 
 63i 
 68f 
 76f 
 
 80| 
 9lt 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Eliogurty- 
 
 Kilfithmone, 
 Kathkelty, 
 Barnanely, 
 Boly, 
 
 Burrosleigh, 
 
 Callabeg, 
 
 Kilcloney, 
 
 Killoskehan, 
 
 Moycarty, 
 
 Moyne, 
 
 Tburles, 
 
 Adrutb, 
 
 Ballymurrin, 
 
 Doy^a, 
 
 Drom, 
 
 Inshianly, 
 
 Lough moe, 
 
 Templemore, 
 
 Holycross, 
 
 Leoghmackiyogc. 
 
 On the road passing between Longford- Pass and Cashel, at 
 the sixty-sixth mile stone, as already noticed, a road branches 
 off on the right, leading to Thurles. At the sixty-seventh 
 mile stone, stand the ruins of Burros Castle, situated on the 
 left. 
 
 Thurles^ — distant seventy miles and a half from the Castle of 
 Dublin, is a large straggling town, consisting of one long street, 
 which is nearly divided into two equal portions by the river 
 Suir. Here are a good market-house, a neat modern church, 
 and a fine mansion, formerly the occasional residence of the 
 noble family of Landaft", but now converted into a barrack ; 
 inuch country business is transacted in this town, being sur- 
 rounded by a rich, fertile, and jiopulous country : it gave the 
 title of Earl to the noble family of Ormond. In 1300, a mo- 
 nastery for Carmelites or White Friars, was founded here by 
 the family of Butler, the tower of which still remains, on the 
 east side of the river, with some portions of the Cross-aisle. 
 An unauthenticated traditionary report prevails, that a castle 
 was erected here by the knights of yt, John, of Jerusalem, but 
 the learned author of the Monasticon, could discover no records 
 to confirm this prevalent opinion. At the hither extremity of the 
 town, the roads from Rathdown, Roscrea, and Nenagh, unite 
 on the right ; from the upper end, three roads issue, that on 
 tl)e left, running towards Cashel, Fethard, antj Clonmel ; the 
 
262 
 
 NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 centre road leads to Holy cross, and the third road, branching 
 oiF on the right, sweeps to Farny-Bridge. 
 
 Iloltj-Cross, — a desolate hamlet, is situated on the western 
 bank of the river Suir, over which a bridge consisting of nine 
 arches is erected, and distant seventy-three miles and three 
 quarters from the Castle of Dublin. Here, on a rising ground, 
 stands Holy-cross Abbej^, a very venerable relic of monastic 
 architecture. It was founded in 1169, by Donagh Carbragh 
 O'Brien, king of Limerick, in honour of the Holy-cross, St, 
 Mary, and St. Benedict ; the elegant lightness of its decorations 
 cannot be exceeded, and the durability of its materials, being 
 composed of black marble, may probably transmit this proud 
 monument of architectural science in the 11th century, to 
 l emote posterity. The east end is so mantled with ivy, as totally 
 to obscure the ornamental carvings of the great eastern window. 
 The building consists of an high steeple, supported on each 
 side by a fine Gothic arch ; on the east side is a small chapel ; 
 and on the south is the tomb of the founder. The nave is 
 58 feet long, on each side of which there is an arcade, with 
 lateral ailes. In the South-csoss, are the curious remains of a 
 shrine, where a piece of the cross, on which Christ suffered, and 
 presented by Pope Paschal, to Murtagh, a former monarch, 
 was pretended to have been deposited; for a more accurate 
 description of the dimensions and compartments of this abbey, 
 see LedwicJie s learned Antiquities^ page 516, or ArchdaVs Mo^ 
 nosiicouj page 658. Henry the Eighth granted this abbey, 
 with all its possessions, to Sir Edmund Butler, Knight, in capite 
 for ever, at the annual rent of five shillings and four-pence 
 Irish currency. A cross road on the right leads to Burrosoleigh, 
 and another on the left to Cashel. On this side of the seventy- 
 tifth mile stone, the road passing from Cashel to Nenagh, crosses 
 in a diagonal direction ; at the seventy-seven mile stone, a road 
 branches off on the right, leading to Cappah ; at the seventy- 
 eight mile stone, a cross road runs right and left; at the eighty- 
 one mile-stone, stands Dundrum on the left, the residence of 
 
 Sir Maud, Bart, and the road from Nenagh unites on the 
 
 right ; at the eighty-third mile stone, a road sweeps off on the 
 right, leading to Limerick ; at the eighty fourth mile stone, a 
 cross road runs to the right ; on this side of the eighty-sixth 
 mile stone, the road forks into two branches, that on the left, 
 leads to Tipperary, already noticed, and the other on the rights 
 runs toward Limerick. 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 263 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Iherin^ 
 
 Clonmore, Tempieerry, Rathmacveoge, 
 Killea, Templetohy, , Roscrea. 
 
 On the mail-coach-road, passing between Dublin and Lime- 
 rick, Tipperary county commences at the fifty-seventh mile 
 stone. 
 
 Roscrea^ — Distant fifty-nine miles and a quarter from Dublin 
 Castle, is a neat thriving town ; here is a barrack for a company of 
 foot. The church is an ancient Gothic structure, near which 
 stands a round tower, built with square stone ; it is eighty feet 
 high, and fifteen feet in circumference ; it was formerly a bishop- 
 rick, which in the twelfth century, was united to Killaloe. In 
 1213, a castle was erected by King John in this town. Keating 
 relates that the Danes, having collected a numerous and 
 well disciplined army from Limerick and Connaught ; resolved 
 to surprise the natives, assembled from all quarters of the king- 
 dom, at the annual fair held at Roscrea, at the feast of St. 
 Peter and St. Paul, of which treacherous design, the Irish being 
 apprised, they furnished themselves with arms; encountered 
 the Danes, over whom a complete victory was obtained, with 
 loss of four thousand men, and Alfin their commander. A 
 sumptuous monastry for canons regular was founded here by 
 St. Cronmi, who died about the beginning of the seventh cen- 
 tury. In 1 490, a Franciscan friary was founded by Mubruany 
 O' Carrol, who married the daughter of O'Dempsey. This 
 friary, with all its possessions, was granted to Thomas, Earl of 
 Orniond, who assigned it to William Crow : here the road 
 from Rathdowny unites on the left; two roads slope oflp on the 
 right, leading to Birr in different directions, one by Leap, and 
 the other by Shinrone ; a cross road sweeps to the left, running 
 towards Thurles. About three miles south east of Roscrea, on a 
 small island, consisting of about two acres, and situated in the 
 centre of Monela Bog, was founded the celebrated monastry 
 of Monaincha, by the Culdean monks, under the invocation of 
 St. Columba. The circumstance which excites inexplicabl(^ 
 perplexity about its erection is, how the ponderous materials, 
 of which it is constructed, could possibly be conveyed over a 
 morass, almost inaccessible. The length of the church, is 
 forty-four feet, by eighteen. The arches of the choir and 
 western portalare, semicircular. The existence of this 
 monasti7 in 1185, is ascertained by Geraldus Camljrensis, who 
 
NEW TRAVELLEU'S GUIDE 
 
 was secretary to King John, when Earl of Morton. Respect- 
 in(r the attachmfent of the Culdees to their religion, and their 
 adherence to the evangelical truth, in defiance of every opposi- 
 tion from the adherents of the See of Rome — See Ledwich's 
 lcar7icd Antiquities^ page 102, and sequel. — This abbey, with 
 all its possessions, was granted by Queen Ehzabeth, to Sir Lu- 
 cas Dillon : at the sixty-two mile stone, the road enters the 
 King's County, and at the sixty-eight mile stone, re-enters the 
 county of Tipperary ; at the sixty-ninth mile stone, stands the 
 ruins of Blane Castle on the left, and the ruins of Knockane 
 Castle, arc situated on the right. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Upper Ormonde. 
 
 Kilnaneave, 
 Latteragh, 
 Lisbunny, 
 Templederry, 
 
 Aghnaneedle, 
 Ballygibbon, 
 Ballymacky, 
 Burrosnafariiy, 
 
 Kilkeary, 
 Toomavara, 
 Ballinaclogh, 
 Kilmore. 
 
 toomavara^ — Distant one hundred and sixty-nine miles from 
 the Castle of Dublin, is now a small village, which exhibits such 
 vestiges of ancient buildings as prove, that it was formerly a 
 place of some consequence : here are the ruins of a preceptory, 
 founded by the Knights Templars ; at the seventieth mile stone, 
 the road forks into two branches, that on the right leading to 
 Nenagh, and the other on the left, to Silvermines ; at the se- 
 venty-first mile stone, a cross road on the left, stretches towards 
 Cashel ; on this side of the seventy-second mile stone, the road 
 from Cashel to Nenah crosses in a sloping direction ; at the se- 
 venty-third mile stone, a cross road to Castleotway, sweeps to 
 the left ; on this side of the seventy-sixth mile stone, the road 
 from Burres, unites on the left, and a cross road to Nenagh, 
 branches off on the right. 
 
 Silvermines, — Distant seventy-seven miles from the Castle 
 of Dublin, is a ruinous deserted looking village, though 
 bearing evident marks of former population. In the stupen- 
 duous mountains overhanging this village, rich viens of lead 
 ore have been discovered, and for some considerable time 
 profitably wrought : on this side of the seventy-eight mile stone, 
 stand the ruins of Dunally Castle, situated on the left. 
 
FOR IRELAND. 'iQ 
 
 To Newport hy Roscrea, 
 
 Roscrea 
 
 Moneygall 
 
 Toomavara 
 
 Silvermines 
 
 Newport 
 
 Miles. 
 591 
 
 7 
 
 H 
 
 7 
 
 9 
 
 69| 
 
 77 
 
 86 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Owen and Arra, 
 
 Kilcomenty 
 Kilmastulla, 
 Kilnerath, 
 Killoscully. 
 
 Kilvellane, 
 
 Templejehally, 
 
 Kilmilcon, 
 
 Castletown, 
 Burgesbeg, 
 Youghall, 
 
 At the seventy-ninth mile stone, the road forks into two 
 branches, that on the right, leading to O'Brien's Bridge, and 
 that on the left, to Newport ; at the eighty-fifth mile stone, the 
 road from Castle Waller unites on the left ; and a little farther 
 on, is situated the charter school in the same direction, liberal^ 
 ly endowed by the noble family of Jocelyn. 
 
 Newport^ — Distant eighty-six miles from the Castle of Dub* 
 lin, is a neat small village, pleasantly situated by a considerable 
 streamlet which flows into the Shannon. It gives the title of 
 Baron to the family Jocelyn. Here is a plain church with a 
 square steeple situated on the right ; a cross road on the left, 
 leads to BrufF, and another on the right, runs towards Killaloe. 
 The ruins of Derryleagh Castle stand on the left. This vicini- 
 ty is thickly inhabited by an opulent gentry, whose improve- 
 ments highly contribute to enliven the scenery ; at the eighty- 
 eight mile stone, the county terminates in this direction ; on 
 the right hand branch of the road, issuing from Toomavara, 
 at the seventy-second mile stone, stand the ruins of Lisanisky 
 Castle, situated on the right ; at the seventy -third mile stone, 
 are the ruins of an old castle on the left. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Lower Orm$nd. 
 
 Cloghprior, 
 
 Dorrha, 
 
 Fenoagh, 
 
 Nenagh, 
 
 Aglish, 
 
 Cloghan, 
 
 2 M 
 
 Kilbarran, 
 
 Lockeen, 
 
 Monsca, 
 
20'G 
 
 KEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 Killodicrnan, Arderoney, Ferrylass, 
 
 Knigh, Burrosakean, Uskean, 
 
 Lorrlia, Dolla, Bonohan, 
 
 Modereeny, Drominheer. 
 
 Nenagh, — Distant seventy-five miles from Dublin Castle, is a, 
 considerably large town, agreeably situated on a river which 
 flows into Lough Derg; here is a fine barrack for two troops of 
 horse ; it was formerly defended by a strong castle named Ne- 
 nagh Round. In the year 1200, an hospital for canons observing 
 the rules of St. Augustin, was founded here, and dedicated to 
 St. John the Baptist. It was to be constantly open for the recep- 
 tion of the sick and infirm. Theobald Walter, the first Butler in 
 Ireland, liberally endowed this hospital. Queen Elizabeth grant- 
 ed all the possessions pertaining to this hospital, to Oliver Grace 
 for ever, for a trifling annual rent, by homage and fealty. In 
 the reign of Henry the Third, a Franciscan friary, for con- 
 ventual Franciscans, was founded by the Butler family : it was 
 liberally endowed by Lord Thomas de Cantwell. In the year 
 1550, O'Carral consumed both the town and friary, but the 
 garrison preserved the castle. This friary was deemed the rich- 
 est foundation belonging to the Franciscan order in Ireland. 
 Queen Elizabeth granted a determinable lease of this abbey, to 
 Robert Collum, for a trifling annual rent, Irish currency. A 
 cross road on the left leads to Silvermines, and another on the 
 right runs to Burrosakean ; from the upper extremity of the 
 town, two roads issue, that on the left, leads to 0*Briens Bridge, 
 and the other sloping off to the right, stretches towards Killaloe. 
 On the road passing between Birr and Nenagh, stands Burros- 
 akean» 
 
 To Nenah Toomavara, 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Toomavara as before, - « — I ggj 
 
 Nenagh, - - - 5|| 75 
 
 Burrosakean^ — Is a smart little village, distant eighty-one miles 
 and three quarters from Dublin Castle ; on the road issuing 
 on the left from Roscrea to Thurles, is situated Templemore. 
 
 Templemore, — Is a neat modern v/ell built village, distant se- 
 venty-five miles an a half from Dublin Castle, and pleasantly 
 situted on the banks of the Suir ; here is an elegant modern 
 built church, with a fine spire and steeple ; adjoining the vil- 
 
FOR IRELAITD. 
 
 267 
 
 lage, is the elegant seat of Sir John Craven Garden ; in this vi- 
 cinage is situted Castleowen, a fine romantic seat, the property 
 of the Marquis of Landsdown : the intervening distance between 
 Templemore and Thurles is thickly bestrewed with the ruins of 
 old castles, ranged contigious to the river Suir, 
 
 To Templemorcy by Ros^rea^ 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Roscrea, as before, - - - — I 59| 
 Templemore, - « - - 161 | 15\ 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Kilnemanna, 
 
 Aghacrew, MoyalifFe, Clonoutty, 
 Ballintemple, Toem, Rathkenny, 
 Bill, Clpgher, Kilmore. 
 
 Kilpatrick, 
 
 This Barony is wild and mountainous, through which some 
 hamlets are thinly scattered, and the only public road, is that 
 passing between Cashel and Nenagh, which crosses it at its 
 eastern extremity, winding beneath the base of its stupenduous 
 mountains. At Toome, a village in this: barony, a priory of 
 regular canons, dedicated to St. Donan, was founded. This 
 priory was secularised by Henry the Eighth, and finally dis- 
 solved by Queen Elizabeth, who granted all its possessions ta 
 Miler Magrath, Archbishop of Cashel. 
 
 To Burrosakean hy Birr^ 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Birr, King's County, - - — I 631 
 
 Burrosakean, Tipperary, - - 18 | 81 4 
 
 Parish in the Barony of Kilnelogurty, 
 
 Templeoutragh, 
 
 This small Barony, is apparently more desolate than even 
 the adjacent mountainous tract of Kilnemanna. Here, there is 
 not even the appearance of hamlets, as the village of Ballyca- 
 
HEW traveller's guide 
 
 ghll, is the only place delineated on its entire surface, and the 
 only road is that carried on in continuation, wliich passes from 
 Casliel to Nenagh, and in these solitary wilds, runs through 
 frightful chasms. 
 
 parhrL In tfie Baroiiy of Isleag, 
 Glankeen. 
 
 This is also a small Barony, consisting of only one parish, 
 comprising the whole extent of its rugged superfices ; and its 
 only village is Burrisillegh, distant seventy-eight miles and a 
 half from the Castle of Dublin. It is only necessary to observe, 
 that numerous herds of young cattle are grazed on this wilder- 
 ness in the summer season, which, in the winter, arc re- 
 moved to more congenial pastures. From Burrisillegh, the 
 road on the lett, leads to Silvermines, and another on the right, 
 runs to Nenagh* 
 
FOR IRELAND. iJ69 
 
 A Table of Fairs^ held in every month of the year. 
 
 Places vihere held' 
 
 New Birmingham 
 
 Ardfinan - - - 
 Mullough - - 
 New Birmingham 
 
 Loughlikent - - 
 New Inn - - - 
 Cashel - - - 
 New Birmingham 
 
 Time. 
 
 Jan 
 20 
 
 Feb. 
 
 2 
 12 
 15 
 
 Tipperary - - 
 
 Castleotway - - 
 
 Kilcooley - - - 
 New Birminghaiii 
 Gormanstown 
 
 Thurles - - - 
 
 Feathard - - - 
 
 Kilcash - - - 
 
 Nenagh - - - 
 
 Kilnockin - - 
 
 Burrosakeau - - 
 
 Newpoit - - - 
 
 March, 
 17 
 17 
 26 
 SI 
 
 Mullinahone - - 
 
 Silvermines - - 
 New Birmingham 
 
 Clonmell - - - 
 
 Balliskehane - - 
 
 Roscrea - - - 
 
 Prum - - - - 
 
 Holy Cross 
 
 Ballyporccn - 
 
 Cloghjordan - 
 
 KilHnaul - -. 
 
 Loughlikent - 
 
 April, 
 
 5&6 
 6 
 18 
 19 
 19 
 20 
 20 
 24. 
 24 
 26 
 27 
 
 May, 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 10 
 11 
 12 
 12 
 13 
 16 
 
 Placets where held' 
 
 N^w Inn - - - 
 
 Ardfinnan - - - 
 Templemore 
 
 Golden - - - 
 
 Emly - - - 
 
 Cahier - - - 
 
 Clogheen - - - 
 
 Glin - - - . 
 
 Killen - - - 
 
 Nenagh - - ■ 
 
 Clon^en - - ■ 
 
 Mullinahone - - 
 
 (>ppagh - - - 
 
 Ballingarry - - 
 
 Clogheei;! - - 
 
 Toomavara - - 
 
 Carrick-on-Suir - 
 
 Dundrum - - 
 
 I Silvermines - - 
 
 ' Burrisillegh - - 
 
 Feathard - - - 
 
 I Newport - - - 
 
 Roscrea - - - 
 
 Kilnockin - - - 
 
 Tipperary - - 
 New Birmingliam 
 
 Burrosakean - - 
 Templemore 
 
 Cloncen - - - 
 
 Mullinahone - - 
 
 Nenagh - - - 
 
 Clonulty - - 
 
 Kiifeacle - - - 
 
 Graystown - - 
 New Birmingham 
 Cahier - 
 
 Newport - - - 
 
 Time, 
 
 16 
 17 
 17 
 IS 
 21 
 26 
 27 
 27 
 29 
 29 
 30 
 
 June. 
 3 
 4 
 7 
 7 
 7 
 8 
 8 
 8 
 9 
 11 
 17 
 21 
 22 
 24? 
 24f 
 26 
 28 
 29 
 
 Juli/. 
 I 
 
 5 
 10 
 12 
 18 
 20 
 21 
 
270 
 
 NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 Places where he'd. 
 
 Time. 
 
 
 July, 
 
 Ballingarry . , . 
 
 23 
 
 Cashel . . , . . 
 
 23 
 
 Cappagh .... 
 
 27 
 
 
 •August, 
 
 Cloheen .... 
 
 1 
 
 Tyone 
 
 1 
 
 Loughlikent . . . 
 
 \ 
 
 New Inn .... 
 
 1 
 
 Roes Green . , . 
 
 2 
 
 Gormanstown . . 
 
 5 
 
 Kilcash .... 
 
 5 
 
 Burrisillegh . . . 
 
 6 
 
 Dunhill .... 
 
 6 
 
 Cashel .... 
 
 7 
 
 Roscrea .... 
 
 8 
 
 Cloghjordan . . . 
 
 12 
 
 Ballishehane . . . 
 
 15 
 
 I^.arrift nn Slillt* . 
 
 15 
 
 Ballyporeen . . . 
 
 21 
 
 Thurles .... 
 
 21 
 
 New Birmingham . 
 
 24? 
 
 Golden .... 
 
 26 
 
 
 Sep. 
 
 Templemore . . . 
 
 3 
 
 Nenagh . , . . 
 
 
 Feathard .... 
 
 7 
 
 Cashel 
 
 9 
 
 Tyone 
 
 9 
 
 Silvermines . . . 
 
 12 
 
 Cahier . . . . « 
 
 18 19 
 
 Castleotway . . . 
 
 19 
 
 Feathard .... 
 
 19 
 
 Emly 
 
 22 
 
 Holy Cross . . . 
 
 24 
 
 Burrosakean . . . 
 
 26 
 
 New Birmingham . 
 
 27 
 
 Cappagh .... 
 
 29 
 
 Ballyclerillan . . 
 
 30 
 
 places where held. 
 
 Tuberhanney 
 Roscrea 
 Tipperary 
 Kilcooley . 
 Nenagh ; 
 Dundrum . 
 Lessinisky . 
 Carrick on Suir 
 Killinaul . 
 Holy Cross 
 Drum . . 
 Templemore 
 Roes Green 
 Newport . 
 New Birmingham 
 Kilnockin 
 Silvermines 
 Golden 
 Clogheen . 
 Mullinahpne 
 Cullen . . 
 Pallis . . 
 
 Nenagh .... 
 
 1 
 
 Cloneen .... 
 
 1 
 
 Toomavara . . . 
 
 4? 
 
 Cashel 
 
 3 
 
 ClonmcU .... 
 
 5 
 
 Knockharding . . 
 
 7 
 
 New Birmingham . 
 
 10 
 
 Ballengarry . . . 
 
 12 
 
 Clonoulty .... 
 
 12 
 
 Cappagh .... 
 
 16 
 
 Ardfinnan . . . 
 
 19 
 
 Feathard .... 
 
 21 
 
 Burnsillegh . . . 
 
 27 
 
 Roscrea .... 
 
 29 
 
 
 Dec, 
 
 Cloghgordan . . . 
 
 I 
 
FOR IRELAND, 
 
 271 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Time. 
 
 Dec, 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Time, 
 
 Dec. 
 
 MuUinahone . . , 
 
 2 
 
 Ballin^arry , . , 
 
 11 
 
 Ballishane . . . 
 
 4 
 
 Cloo^heen .... 
 
 12 
 
 Graystown . , . 
 Loughlikent . . . 
 
 6 
 
 Burrisakean . . . 
 
 15 
 
 6 
 
 Golden .... 
 
 
 15 
 
 New Inn .... 
 
 6 
 
 New Birmingham . 
 
 15 
 
 Templemore . . . 
 
 7 
 
 Ballyporeen . . . 
 
 17 
 
 Cahier 
 
 7 
 
 Cappagh . . , . 
 
 21 
 
 Tipperary . . . 
 
 10 
 
 Thurles , . . . 
 
 21 
 
 Clogheen . . . , 
 
 10 
 
 
 
272 
 
 vLw tiuveller's guide 
 
 COUNTY OF LIMEHICK. 
 
 The County of Limerick — Is bounded on the north by the 
 river Shannon, which separates it from the county of Clare ; 
 on the north-east by Tipperary ; on the south by Cork ; and 
 by Kerry on the west. Its greatest extent from east to west, 
 is about forty Irish miles, and from north to south about 
 twenty-five Irish miles. Its surface comprehends 386,750 
 acres, Irish plantation measure, including bogs, mountains, 
 and waste. It is divided into nine baronies ; Owneybog, Clan- 
 william, Coonag, Small County, Coshlea, Coshma, Publeobrien, 
 Kenry, Connillo, which last barony exceeds the other eight in 
 magnitude. Limerick city with its liberties, constitutes a distinct 
 county. The town and liberties of Kilmallock, enjoy distinc- 
 tive privileges uncontrollable by county jurisdiction, nor liable 
 to its assessments. This county contains one hundred and twen- 
 ty-six parishes, and is thickly inhabited by a wealthy and indus- 
 trious population. The luxuriant soil of its grazing pastures, 
 requires in many places no artificial renovation from the assis- 
 tance of manure or composts. The fine mold covering a light 
 lime- stone gravelly soil, produces abundant crops of all kinds 
 of grain, and is peculiarly adapted for rearing sheep and other 
 light cattle. It is well watered with large and small rivers. Its 
 most considerable collection of fresh waters is Lough Gur, and 
 Knock-patrick is the most elevated mountain. There is a coal 
 mine at the western extremity of the county, but turf is the fuel 
 generally used by the inhabitants, as the bogs are conveniently 
 situated to supply this essential article of domestic comfort. 
 The flat grounds extending along the banks of the Shannon, 
 are deemed the richest and most prolific in Ireland. The most 
 elevated lands, and mountainous tracts, are situated in the ba* 
 
/ 
 
THE UBSAM 
 Of fHE 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 27S 
 
 rony of Connillo, verging on the counties of Cork and Kerry. 
 The Palatines who settled in this county, highly contributed to 
 its agricultural improvements, by introducing a more accurate 
 mode of husbandry, and their descendants are a laborious and 
 independent race of people occupied on their own farms. This 
 county produces abundance of rery fine cider. It gave the ti- 
 tle of Earl to the family of Dongan, as it now gives that of Vis^ 
 count to the family of Hamilton. 
 
 To LimericJc by Annacolty, 
 
 Miks. 
 
 Annacolty , • . — I 91 
 
 Limerick . , 3 | 94? 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Coonagh, 
 
 Paliccgrean, Ballinaclogh, Cullen, 
 
 Doon, Liscormuck, Kilteel, 
 
 Templebrcdin, Toughcluggin, Ulloe. 
 
 nOADS, 
 
 On the Mail-coach road passing through Newport, Limerick 
 County commences at a little beyond the eighty-eighth mile 
 stone ; a little beyond the ninety mile stone, the road from Ab- 
 ingdon unites on the left, and the road from O'Brien's Bridge 
 joins to the right. 
 
 To Limeric/c hy Pallis, 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Limerick . , . — 94? 
 
 Caherconlish , . lOOf 
 
 Pallis . . . 5j I 106| 
 
 Parishes in the Barony ef Owenheg, 
 
 Tough, 
 
 Island, Aoingtqr. 
 2 V 
 
NEW traveller's GUILE 
 
 On the road passing from O'Brien's Bridge to Limerick, on 
 tjie eastern hank of the Shannon, is situated Castle Connel vil- 
 Hgc, teiebratod for its chalybeate Spa, deemed peculiarly effi- 
 cacious in all complaints requiring ferugenous preparations. 
 Hofi'e are the ruins of an ancient strong castle, erected upon 
 U rock overhanging the high road, which winds round its base, 
 and commands the navigation of the Shannon. It is supposed 
 to have been originally constructed by Connel, a redoubted Irish 
 chieftain. It was enlarged by the English, and entrusted to the 
 care of De Burgo, to hohl it in possession for the King. Not- 
 withstanding its great elevation, the ascent is so gradual and 
 commodious, that a troop of horse has been drawn up in the 
 liall. The grandson of Brien Boroimboroc, v/as liere treacher- 
 ously murdered by the Prince Thomond, who craftily inveigled 
 him to his castle, under pretence of holding a conference. In 
 the reign of Queen Elizabeth, William De Burgo was created 
 Baron of Castle Connel. In 1690, the castle was blown up by 
 the orders of the Prince of Hess, commanding a detachment dis- 
 patched from Limerick to perform this service. On the road 
 passing between Clonmcll and Limerick, is situated Pallis vil- 
 lage, distant one hundred and six miles and a half from the Cas- 
 tle of Dublin, and twelve miles and a fourth east of Limerick ; 
 here is a fine church ; a cross road on the left leads to Kilmal- 
 lock, and another on the right to Cappak, The ruins of Kil- 
 duff Castle stand on the left ; at the nine mile stone from Li- 
 merick, a cross road on t])e right, leads to BrufPe, and a little 
 farther on, a cross road on the light, stretches towards New- 
 port; at the seven mile stone, across road on the right, runs 
 to Abington. In 1205, Theobald Fitz Walter, Lord of Car- 
 ruck, and Chief Butler of Ireland, founded an abbey here for 
 Cistertian Monks, with v/hom it M as furnished from the abbey of 
 Savignac in France. In 1290, the abbot was fined sixty marcks 
 for harbouring and concealing the King's enemies, the payment 
 of which fine was made by instalments. In 1365, the abbot, 
 having, contrary to the law and the King's Crown and dignity, 
 molested and distressed Thomas de Kildare, tenant to certain 
 lands held in the county of Limerick, he was imprisoned for 
 this outrage ; but on the payment of a fine of 40 Shillings, he 
 received King Edward the Third's most gracious pardon. In 
 3 537, O'Muirian, Lord of the country, Ullick Bourke, of 
 Clanrickard, and Thybot Bourke M 'William, made their sub- 
 mission, and toek the oaths of allegiance before the Lord Depu- 
 ty in this abbey. Queen EHzabeth granted this abbey with all 
 its extensive possessions, to Fetex Walsh, in capite for ever, for 
 
^75 
 
 a small annual rent, on condition of maintaining one horses 
 man on the premisses. 
 
 Parishes in the barony of Clanxi^lUain, 
 
 Carrickpharson, Isertlaurencsj Dromkecn, 
 
 Cahirelly, Kilnagarufij Hiithjordan, 
 
 Castleconnel^ Clonkeen, Cahirconlish, 
 
 Bally brood, Luddenbeg, Rochestown. 
 
 Cahirconlishy^l% a small neat village, distant one hundred 
 juiles and three quarters from the Castle of Dublin, and six 
 miles and three quarters from Limerick ; here is a good church; 
 the ruins of an old castle lie on the right; a cross road on the 
 left, leads to Bally ueety, and another on the right to Abington. 
 On this side of the fifth mile stone, are the ruins of an old cas* 
 tie, situated on the right ; at the fourth mile stone, are the ruins 
 of an old castle to the right, and at the third mile stone, the 
 road from Cork unites on the left. 
 
 Parishes in the Liberties of Limerick» 
 
 Cahirnary, 
 St. Nicholas, 
 Cahirvally, 
 Singland, 
 
 Derrygalvin, 
 Donaghmore, 
 Kilmurry, 
 Knocnagauh 
 
 St. Michael, 
 St. Munchin, 
 Mungret, 
 
 Limerick Distant ninety-four miles from the Castle of 
 
 Dublin, is situated on the eastern bank of the river Shannon, 
 and together with its liberties, constitutes a distinct county in 
 itself; here the assizes for the county of Limerick are held, and 
 the county representatives elected. There ia an eittensive bar- 
 rack ibr twenty-two companies of foot ; a governor and town 
 major regulate all local military transactions. The civil go- 
 vernment is vested in a mayor, sheriffs, recorder, town clerk, 
 aldermen, and burgesses. Its public edifices are elegant and 
 commodious; the assembly rooms and theatre, are modern 
 structures, ejected in the most fashionable quarter of the city. 
 It is an ej:)iscojyal see. Vessels of 50© tuns burden may dis- 
 chai'ge their cargoes o|>jX)9itc the Custom House, though distant 
 more than sixty miles from the sea. Linen, woollen, and pa • 
 per manufactories are flourishingly established, and its export 
 trade is very considerable. Its charitable institutions are well 
 
tJEW TIIAVELLER*S GUIDE 
 
 appointed, and regularly conducted. Its religious structured 
 are a cathedral and three parochial churches, * besides Ro- 
 man Catholic chapels, and meeting houses for dissenting con- 
 gregations. About a century ago, it ranked as the second city 
 in Ireland in magnitude and extent ; but now yields the palm 
 of priority to the rapid augmentation of Cork, although since that 
 period, Limericik has been steadily and progressively improv- 
 ing. It Was originally walled, and deemed the strongest for- 
 tress in this kingdom, having the singular advantage of not be- 
 ing commanded by adjacent heights, and is traditionally sup- 
 posed to have been built by Yuorus, in tlie year 155. It was 
 anciently much frequented by foreign merchants, and after the 
 arrival of the Danes, its commerce was considerably improved- 
 After the battle of Sulchoid in 970, it was plundered by Mahon, 
 brother to Brien Boromh ; after which period, Brien exacted 
 S65 tuns of wine, as an annual tribute from the Danes of this 
 city. A circumstance that proves the extensive traffic carried 
 on by that enterprising people in that one article. In 1174, 
 tliis city was taken by the English* It was besieged in 1642 
 by Treton, who was repulsed in many attacks, and his ultimate 
 success is attributed by some historians to the internal division 
 of the inhabitants, some of whom were attached to the pope'a 
 nuncio, others espoused the royal cause, and the third party 
 were for yielding to the besiegers. Such are the alledged causes 
 assigned to ensure Treton's triumph. It was subsequently be- 
 sieged in ] 690 by King William, who withdrew his forces with- 
 out accomplishing its reduction. In 1691, it was agam inves- 
 ted by General Ginkle, who, after an obstinate resistance com- 
 pelled it to surrender, on terms of capitulation liberally granted 
 to the garrison. Thi^ city is composed of the Irish and En- 
 olish town. The latter is situated on the King's Island, form- 
 ed by the river Shannon. These sections were equally fortified 
 against a common enemy, or against each other, and were con- 
 nected by a bridge. The streets in the old town, are narrow 
 and gloomy. Au inconvenience always observable in fortified 
 place?=, where personal security ingrossed the entire attention of 
 the founders: brit every eflbrt is made to improve the city, as 
 the walls are demolished, and the gates destroyed; and thus, 
 the streets become better ventilated, and the inhabitants breathe 
 a purer air. Between Irishtown and the river Shannon, a new 
 quarter has been erected by the exertions of Lord Perry, called 
 after his name; (Ik- :;treets arc spacious and regular, intersecting 
 each ctk er at right angles, and the houses, finished in the neai- 
 
FOn IRELAND. 
 
 277 
 
 e?t stile of modern uniformity, are rapidly multiplying:. This 
 portion of the city is the favourite residence of opulence, from 
 its superior advantages and conveniences. There is a privi- 
 lege annexed to the fair, held in this city on the 4th of August, 
 that no person can be arrested within the precincts of the liber- 
 ties, on any process issuing out of the Tholsel Court of Lhne- 
 rick, for the space of fifteen days. An immunity,^ which is 
 cheerfully enjoyed by all unfortunate debtors. Donald O'Brien, 
 King of Limerick, founded a nunnery for black nuns ef the or- 
 der of St. Augustin, dedicated to St. Peter, about the period 
 that the English first landed in this island. Edward the Third, 
 granted special protection to this institution during the royal 
 pleasure. In the reign of King John, a priory for canons re- 
 gular of the order of St. Augustin, was founded by Simon Mi- 
 nor, a citizen of Limerick : this priory, situated near Bail s 
 Bridge, was granted, on its suppression, to Edmond Sextoi:* 
 In 1241, a Dominican friary, under the invocation of St. Sa- 
 viour, was founded here by Donogh Carbreach O'Brien, King 
 of Thomond : this sumptuous monastry, had large possessions 
 in and about the city of Limerick, all of which were granted to 
 James Earl of Desmond, in capite, at the annual yearly rent of 
 five shillings and two pence Irish currency. Part of the scite on 
 which this friary stood, is converted into a tan-yard, and the 
 other portion is occupied by a large barrack : some scattered 
 fragments of the walls still remain. In the reign of Henry the 
 Third, Grey- friary was founded by O'Brien, a lineal discen- 
 dant of the Kings of Limerick and Thomond. In 137 i<, Peter, 
 bishop of Limerick, treated the friars of this institution with 
 indignity and severity; all persons who should repair thither 
 to hear divine service, or seek for interment vvithin the church. 
 Laving been episcopally excommunicated : this friary stood 
 without the town wall, on whost* scite the county court house 
 is now erected, and its churcli has been converted into an Jios- 
 pital. Henry the Eighth, granted this friary on its suppres- 
 sion, wiih all its possessions, to Edmond Sexton, in capite for 
 ever, at tho annual rent of two shillings and two-pence Irish 
 C4irrency. In the thirteenth century, an Augustinian friary, 
 called the House of the Blessed Virgin Mary, and of the Holy 
 Cross, was founded by O'Brien, a descendant of the Kings of, 
 Linierick and I'tiomond, according to Bruodin's History of 
 Ireland, printed at Prague in 1G68. No tiaces of this friary 
 now exist : about the middle of the sixth century, St. Munchin 
 el ected a church, and founded the bislioprick of Limerick : this 
 
278 
 
 NEW TIlAViitLEIt's CUID13 
 
 cluirch was destroyed by the Danes, on their obtahiing pdssfs^ 
 sion of the port in the year 853, and thus it remained in ruins, 
 until these fierce conquerors were converted to the Christian 
 faith about the tenth centur}', at which period, the church was 
 repaired, and the bishoprick re-estabhshed : about the close of 
 the twelllh century, the bishopric of Inis-Cathy, was united to 
 the see of Limerick; and in 1663, the sees of Ai'dfert and Ag-» 
 hadoe, were annexed to Limerick. This city returns one mem* 
 ber to the United Parliament. 
 
 On the road passing between Limerick and Kilmallock ; a 
 little beyond the two mile stone from Limerick, are the ruins of 
 an old castle on the right; and a cross road to Cash el, sweeps 
 off to the left ; beyond the six mile stone, the road to Fedamore 
 branches to the right, and the ruins of liochestown Castle, are 
 situated on the right; at the seven mile stone, a road to Feda- 
 more, runs to the right. 
 
 To Limerick hy Kilmolloclc, 
 
 Limerick - - — I 94? 
 
 Six-mile Bridge - - 8 | 102 
 BrufF, distant from Dublin, 
 
 by Limerick - - | 105 
 
 Kilmallock - - 5 | 110 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Small County. 
 
 Ballyscadden, Cahercorney, Alhena^sy, 
 
 Aney, Hospital,' Fedamore, 
 
 Ballinamona, Kilfrushy Glcnogra, 
 
 Ballinard, Kilkellaiie, 
 
 Ballycloghy, Kilpeacon. 
 
 Six-mile Bridge, — Distant one hundred and twQ milef frofil' 
 the Castle of Dublin, and eight from Limerick, is a small- \iU • 
 lage, pleasantly situated on the river Maig ; at the nin^ mile:' 
 ston€, is situated Lough Gur on the left; a little farthei cfrt^ a. 
 cross road on the right, leads to Fedamorej* and another on 
 left, rttus to Newport. 
 
To KihnaUocJc hj Ahingion^ 
 
 Abington - - — | 91 
 
 Bruff - - 12 I lO^i 
 
 Kilraallock • - - 4i \ 107^- 
 
 ParisJies in the Barony of Cv^ltma, 
 
 Athnet, 
 
 Bruff, 
 
 Disert, 
 
 Drihidtrasna, 
 
 Effin, 
 
 Kilbreedy-major, 
 
 Kilbreedy-minorj 
 
 Kilmallock, 
 
 Tankardstown, 
 
 Ttiliabracky, 
 
 Adarc, 
 
 Athlacca, 
 
 Crocnn, 
 
 Dromin, 
 
 Uregare. 
 
 At the ten mile stone, a cross road on the right, leads to Fe- 
 damore. 
 
 Bruff^ — Distant one hundred and three miles from the Castle 
 ofDubhn, and eleven from Limeriek, is a smart little village, 
 situated on a streamlet which flows into the river Maig. A cross 
 road on the left, leads to Tipperary : at the twelve mile stone, 
 are situated the ruins of Ballygrenan Castle on the left ; at the 
 thirteenth mile stone, lie the ruins of an old church, situated on 
 the left, and a road to Newcastle, sweeps off on the right. The 
 intervening distance between Limerick and BrulF is beautifully 
 diversified with gentlemen's fine country scats, and the road 
 thickly speckled with hamlets and cottages, all along to Kil- 
 mallock. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Coshlca, 
 
 Ballingarr}^, 
 Long, 
 
 Ballinlondry, 
 
 Ballingaddy, 
 
 Duntrilcague, 
 
 Emlygrennan, 
 
 Galbally, 
 
 Kilfinnan, 
 
 Kilbehenjpy, 
 
 On the rood leading from Cashcl to Kilmallock, Limerick 
 County commences at tlie ninety-fifth mile stone; at the ninety- 
 sixth mile stone, a cross road on the left, leads to Miclielstown; 
 at the ninety-seventh mile stone, stands the vilhige of Knock- 
 long; a cross road to the left, leads to Kilfinnan village, where 
 • a charter school was erected, at the private expence of llobcM t 
 eVj Esq. sufficiently commodious for the acconunodatioi? 
 
280 
 
 NEW TRAVELLEP/S GUIDE 
 
 twenty children. At the one hundred mile stone, lie the ruins of 
 an old castle on the left. 
 
 Galballij Village, — Is situated at the foot of Slieve Riag, in 
 this Barony. A monastery for Grey-friars, was founded by the 
 O'Brien fninily. The fragments of its extensive ruins still ex- 
 isting, indicate its former splendor and magnificence. Henry the 
 Eighth granted this monastery, with all its possessions, to John 
 -of Desmond, in capite for ever, at the annual rent of four-pence, 
 Irish currency. 
 
 KilmallocJc, — Distant one hundred and seven miles and a half 
 from the Castle of Dublin, <and sixteen miles from Limerick, 
 is situated on the river Maig. Though now in a ruinous condition, 
 it made a coxispicuous figure in the military annals of Irish war- 
 fare. It was formerly a walled town, whose remains, together 
 %vith the shells of many strong castles still exist, of which de- 
 scription of habitations, this town seems to have been originally 
 constructed. This town, with its extensive liberties, enjoyed dis- 
 tinctive municipal privileges, and constituted a county in itself. 
 In its present fallen state from its ancient splendor, it cannot 
 be supposed, that its impovcrishjed inhabitants, possess sufiicient 
 intelligence to assert their chartered rights, or comprehend the 
 encroachments which gradually sapped their elective franchise, 
 nnd re.Juced them to their present indigent condition and poli- 
 tical insignificence; but the misery or happiness of many corpo- 
 rations in this kingdom, depended on the caprice of their pa- 
 ti'cns, like the vassals of an absolute monarchy, some were che- 
 rished, while others were studiously oppressed, lest competency 
 procured by industry, might generate a spirit of resistance to 
 a petty usurpation, selfishly engrossing, and basely prostituting 
 the liberty of the community for personal aggrandisement ; how- 
 ever, retributive justice avenged this illiberal policy, as the act 
 of Union expunged the mock rq^rcsentation of decayed and rot- 
 ten boroughs from the catalogue of those corporations selected 
 for opulence and population, to retain the chartered rights of the 
 elective franchise. The individual was remunerated proportion- 
 ably to the extent of his influence, but his political consequence, 
 with that of his posterity, is extinguished for ever. From the various 
 2^1 ins of ancient magnificent edfices this desolate wreck of former 
 grnndcur now exhibits, it is not unaptly denominated the Irisli 
 Balbeck. In 1598, it was invested by the Irish, but the Earl of 
 Oriiiond compelled them to relinquish the siege. In the rebel- 
 lion of l/]4-l, the possession of this town was sharply contended 
 for by the insurgents, whose exertions were bafl9ed by the vigi- 
 ^fif.ce ^ind military talents of the Lord President Carcw. Here 
 
lOR IRELAND. 
 
 US I 
 
 is a round tower. It gave the title of Viscount to the family of 
 Sarsfield. An abbey for regular canons was founded here by 
 St. Mocheallog, who died about the year 656 : it is now conven- 
 ed into a parochial church. In 1291, a Dominican friary h 
 traditionally reported to have been founded by Gilbert, second 
 son of John of Gallen, Lord OfFaley. Thomas, eldest son of 
 James, Earl of Desmond, died of a wound received at Kilmai- 
 lock, in this abbey. Queen Elizabeth granted this friary, will), 
 all its appurtenances to the sovereign, brethern, and commonal- 
 ty of the town, in free soccage for ever. The remaining frag- 
 ments of this monastery evince tlie elegance of the structure. 
 This town returned two members to the Irish Parliament previ- 
 ous to the Union ; at the near end of the town, the roads from 
 Clogheratefoy and Kilfmnan, unite on the left ; a road issues on 
 the left, leading to Michelstown, and another to the right, run^ 
 to Limerick, as already described ; a road branching from the 
 upper extremity of the town, stretches towards Charleville ; 
 about two miles and a half from Kilmallock, on the verge of the 
 county, stand the ruins of Cragane Castle : the road issuing from 
 Limerick, on the south, towards Kerry, forks into two branche s 
 at the two mile stone, that on the left, leading to Adair, and the 
 other on the right, to Askeyton ; at the three mile stone, is situ- 
 ated the village of Loughmore ; at the five mile stone, stands 
 Patrick's Well, a long straggling hamlet ; here a cross road runs 
 to the right, and a little farther on, another on the left, leads 
 to Croom. 
 
 Parishes zn the Barony of Pobleobrien and Kenry. 
 
 Killeedy, Crecorah, Kildeemo, 
 
 Kilkeady, Killalialhan, Ardcanny, 
 
 Bally cahan, Monasternenagh, Kilcornan. 
 
 Adair, — -An ancient town, but now a sequestered and 
 almost a deserted village, is distant one hundred and two 
 miles from the Castle of Dublin, and eight miles from Li- 
 merick. It is delightfully situated on the river Maig navi- 
 gable for large boats, and smoothly gliding under an anti- 
 que bridge consisting of nine arches. On the bank of the 
 river, stands one of Earl Desmond'i formidably strong 
 Castles, rising in majestic grandeur from the brink of the 
 river, which flowed into the ancient fosse* Its stately bat- 
 tlements now overhung with ivy nearly to the water edge, 
 exhibit a striking contrast of solitude to the bustle of arm- 
 ed warriors, by whom they were formerly so rigoroubly guard- 
 
582 
 
 NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 clI. This castle, in tlic rebellion of the year 1641, was 
 reduced by the Queen's forces : the monastic institutions es- 
 tablished in this town, previous to the Reformation, were a 
 Trinitarian Friary, founded by John Earl of Kildare, in 
 the reign of Edward the first, for the redemption of 
 Christain captives: Queen Elizabeth granted this Friary with 
 all its possessions, to Sir Henry Wallop, Knight, in free aiid 
 common soccage for ever, on condition of maintaining two 
 able horse-men on the premisses, and provided no por- 
 tion of the land should be alienated, forfeited, or transferred 
 to the Irish ; some large fragments of this Friary still re- 
 main. The steeple is supported by a plain arch, the nave 
 and choir are small and plain ; the entrance is by a low gate 
 on the western side, still remaining. Augustinian Friary situ- 
 ated on the south side of the river, was founded in the 
 year 1315, by John Earl Kildare, son of Thomas, sur- 
 named Nuppagh, or the ape, from the following incident. 
 Being an infant when his father and grand father were slain 
 by the MacCarties, on the first intimation of so calamitous a 
 disaster, the attendants in a fit of consternation, flew out of 
 the castle, forgetful of the child left alone in the cradlf*, of 
 v/hose absence a baboon or ape kept in the family, took ad- 
 vantage, seized the infant, and carried it to the top of the castle, 
 and after having for some time paraded it round the battle- 
 ments, before the astonished spectators deliberately decendcd 
 and laid it in the cradle. In grateful rememberance of this 
 child's marvellous preservation, the Dukes of Leinster, the Li- 
 neal descendants of Thomas, continue to bear monkies for their 
 supporters and crest. 
 
 The ruins of this friary are entirely mantled with ivy ; the 
 cloisters, still in great preservation, are supported by low slen- 
 der columns tastefully ornamented ; the steeple, raised to a con- 
 siderable elevation, is light and slender, tapering towards the 
 battlements. This abbey, with all its possessions, was granted, 
 at its suppression, to Sir Henry Wallop, Knight, on the 
 same tenure, terms and conditions, as the property pertaining 
 to the Trinitarian Abbey. In the year 1465, the Grey Friary 
 was founded in the west part of the town, by Thomas, Earl 
 of Kildare, and Joan, his wife's daughter, by James, Earl of 
 Desmond. 
 
 A square lofty steeple is the only remaining vestige of this once 
 splendid edifice; the possessions pertaining to this friary, were 
 also granted to Sir Henry Wallop, Knight. The surrounding 
 country in this vicinity, is perhaps the finest graining ground in 
 
rOR IRELAND. 
 
 283 
 
 this kingdom, abounding in rich and luxuriant pastures, and 
 affording a profusion of enchanting and romantic prospects. 
 
 A road unites on the right ; at the nine mile-stone, a cross 
 road on the right, stretches towards Castle-town ; at the ten mile- 
 stone, the road forks into two branches, that on the right 
 sweeps towards Shauiigolden, and the other on the left, leads to 
 Rathkeale. Here stand the ruins of Graanebue Castle situated 
 on the right, near which are the ruins of an old church, 
 and another old castle ; on this side of the twelve mile-stone, 
 a cross road runs to the right, and another on the left 
 leads towai-ds Ballingarry ; a little farther on lie the ruins of 
 Amigan Castle on the left ; at the thirteen mile-stone, stands 
 the race course, and there is a cross road on the right. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Conillo, 
 
 Clonskeere^ 
 
 Cloonagh, 
 
 Croagh, 
 
 Dundonnel, 
 
 Kilbroderan, 
 
 Kilcoleman, 
 
 Killeedy, 
 
 Kilscannel, 
 
 Lismakeery, 
 
 Loghill, 
 
 Mahounagh, 
 
 Monegay, 
 
 Nantinan, 
 
 Newcastle, 
 
 Jlathkeal, 
 
 Rathronan, 
 
 Abbey-feale, 
 
 Askeyton, 
 
 Ballingarry, 
 
 Bruree, 
 
 Cloncagh, 
 
 Cloncoragh, 
 
 Clonelty, 
 
 Corcomohide, 
 
 Dromculliherj 
 
 Killaliathan, 
 
 Kilfergus, 
 
 KilHnecdy, 
 
 Kilmoylan, 
 
 Morgans, 
 
 Shan gold en^ 
 
 Tomdeelj, 
 
 Ardagh, 
 
 Kilmeedy, 
 
 ItaMcal^ — Distant one hundred and eight miles iiom the 
 Castle of Dublin, and four^^en miles from Limerick, is agree- 
 ably situated on the river Deel ; although now a poor decayed 
 village, it was formerly a corporation, and a place of consi- 
 derable consequence, as it obstinately and successful! v resisted 
 various assaults of the English army, in the course of the 
 rebellion which convulsed this infatuated Island in the reign 
 of Queen Elizabeth. A priory for Augustin canons of the 
 order of Aoacia under the invocation of the Virgin Mary, 
 was founded here by a person of the name of Harvc ; they 
 ruinous fragments of this priory still exist. 
 
 At the hither end of the town, the road from Ballingarrv, 
 unites on the left ; a cross road on the right, winds alono- 
 ^he northern bank of the river Deol towards Askeyton, A Hi;" 
 
NEW TRAVELLER'S GUIDE 
 
 *le beyond the fifteenth mile-stone, a cross road on the right, 
 sweeps along the southern bank of the river Deel, towards As- 
 key ton. At the sixteenth mile-stonc, the road forks into two 
 branches, that on the right, leading to Athcal ; and the other 
 on the left, proceeding to Abbey-feale ; here stands the ham- 
 let of Coutmatrcss, and the ruins of Ballyalenon Castle are si- 
 tuated on the left. 
 
 Newcastle, — Distant one hundred and fourteen miles and a 
 half from the Castle of Dublin, and twenty miles from Lime- 
 rick, is agreeably situated on the river Deel. It is a neat handr 
 some town, consisting of a large square, on the north side of 
 which are situated the market-house, and assembly rooms; 
 and on the south side, stands the church, an elegant modern 
 structure erected at the private expense of Lord Courtenay. 
 Here the Knights Templars founded a religious establishment, 
 a great many of whom were treacherously slaughtered by 
 the Irish for some imaginary offence, which so exasperated the 
 vindictive fury of this irritable and semi-barbarous people as 
 provoked them to perpetrate so foul and so horrible a crime. 
 One of the castles erected by this fraternity is now new modeled 
 and repaired for the residence of Lord Courtenay's agent. 
 
 The road from Charleville unites on the left ; a cross road 
 on the left, leads to Mallow, and another on the right, rnns 
 towards Athcal. The intervening distance between Newcastle 
 and Abbey-feale, is wild, mountainous, and desolate, where only 
 the poor village of 
 
 Coolna/ren?ij/, — Distant one hundred and eighteen miles and 
 a half from the Castle of Dublin, and twenty-four miles 
 and a half from Limerick diversifies the dreary uniformity of 
 this solitary waste. 
 
 To Abbei/'feale by Limerick, 
 
 Limerick, 
 
 Lough more, 
 
 Patricks-well, 
 
 Adair, 
 
 Rathkeal, 
 
 Newcastle, 
 
 Coolnakenny, 
 
 Abbey-feale, 
 
 (Miles ) 
 
 
 94< 
 
 3 
 
 97 
 
 2 
 
 99 
 
 3 
 
 102 
 
 6 
 
 108 
 
 6t 
 
 
 4 
 
 118^ 
 
 5 
 
 123^ 
 
 Ahhcy-feale^ — Is a smart sprightly village, distant one hun-' 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 85 
 
 dred and twenty- three miles and a half from the Castle of Dub- 
 lin, and thirty miles from Limerick, pleasantly situated on the 
 river Feale. — In the year 1188, an abbey for Cistertian monks 
 was founded here, of which no farther notice is taken by the 
 learned author of the Monasticon, as it may be confidently pre- 
 sumed, from the want of authentic records to elucidate any far- 
 ther investigation. Here the road forks into two branches ; 
 that on the right sweeps along the northern bank of the river 
 Feale to Listowel ; and the other on the left, leads to Castle- 
 Island. Contiguous to this town are the ruins of Port Castle on 
 the left ; and a little beyond the thirty-one mile-&tone from Li- 
 merick, the county terminates in this direction ; on the road be- 
 tween Limerick and Askeyton, near the third mile*stone, stand 
 the ruins of Mungret Abbey on the left, supposed to have been 
 founded in the fourth century before the arrival of St. Patrick 
 in Munster ; but whoever may have been the founder, St. Pa- 
 trick placed St. Nessan in this abbey, who died in the year 551. 
 St. Manchin of the Dalgais race, and nephew to Bloid, king 
 of Thomond, was constituted abbot of this monastery, who for 
 his exemplary piety, and his extensive learning, was selected 
 by St. Patrick to undertake the instruction of his new converts 
 in the province of Connaught ; this St. Manchin was afterwards 
 consecrated the first bishop of Limerick. This abbey was fj-e- 
 quently plundered and destroyed by the Danes. In the year 908, 
 Cormac MacCullenan Arch-bishop of Cashel, and King of Mun- 
 ster beqeuathed three ounces of gold, an embroidered vest, and 
 his blessing to this abbey. In the year 934, it was consumed 
 by fire, and at a subsequent period, it nearly shared a simi- 
 lar fate. In the year 1088, Donal MacLochlin, with his 
 Ulster forces, destroyed this abbey. The psalter of Cashel pom- 
 pously details the different pious occupations of a prodigious 
 number of eclesiastics collected within its walls, of whom 500 
 were learned preachers, 500 psalmists, and 500 exclusively occu- 
 pied in spiritual exercises: it is marvellous to believe, where so 
 many eloquent orators could procure congregations in a country 
 desolatod by intestine divisions, and unmercifully persecuted by 
 the ferocious and unrelenting Dane. According to this ligendary 
 tale, this abbey possessed the power of reproduction after all 
 its disasters, and phoenix like, was re-animated from the ashes 
 into which it was so frequently consumed ; or to what purpose 
 was this waste of eloquence expended, when it neither arrest- 
 ed the barbarity of cither natives violence, or the invader^s 
 outrage. The success of Orpheu's melody is more rationally ex- 
 plained in Pagan authors than this imaginary refinement is 
 
286 
 
 NEW TRAVKLLElt's QVWJi 
 
 Slipportod by the grave authority of the psalter of Caslicl. 
 The early periods of our national transactions require the 
 pruning knife of reason to lop off all the fabulous excres- 
 scncis incorporated with actual ' historical facts, and to de- 
 scribe the national character as it was gradually displayed in 
 its different and progressive stages from absolute barbarity to 
 its present pinacle of polished manners, and refined civilization. 
 The Iribh writers- indulged too much in the marvellous, like 
 the Greecian historians, from a similar principal of national 
 vanity ; and the English annalists, perhaps through ignorance, 
 misrepresented the predominant feature of the Irish character, 
 its inflamable irritabiltiy, in a more unfavourable point of 
 view than a strict adherence to truth could justify. That the Irish 
 chieftains should exert all their power, and stram every nerv6, 
 to retain their long established authority and petty dominion was 
 Tiatural, and that the majority of the natives, stript of their proper- 
 ly, should become desperate, was the inevitable consequence of 
 guch impolitic treatment ; in fact, the conquest of Ireland was 
 made at a period when the English knew not how^ to govern by 
 these mild and equitable maxims subsequently adopted from ex- 
 perience, and suggested by a more liberal policy, and when the 
 Irish were too refractory tamely to yield to the shock of so vio- 
 lent and sudden a transition. These reflections are naturally 
 suggested from this exaggerated report of the abbey of Mun- 
 gret's ecclesiastical population, besides the multitude of pupils 
 supposed to be collected in so celebrated a semnary to receive 
 instruction ; neither do the ruins of the abbey, still existing, dis- 
 play any traces of such imputed splendor, antiquity, and mag- 
 nificence. The east end being only forty seven feet by sixteen, 
 with a plain narrow window, and the centre or the nave being 
 only thirty three feet long, by twenty eight and a half wide, the 
 communication between both compartments is by a narrow 
 arch ; on the north side of the nave thei e is a small porch 
 or entrance; the west end is twelve feet by twenty, on the 
 nortti side whereof stands a small square tower with ruined 
 battlements; the ruins of an old house lie contiguous, which 
 probably constituted a portion of the abbey. Such contract- 
 ed premises could not possibly contain such an extraordi- 
 nary assemblage. On this side of the four mile stone, is situated 
 Connigar, a delightful residence attached to the see of Limerick; 
 on this side of the fifth mile-stone, on the right, s^and the 
 stately ruins of Carrigoguinel Castle, proudly seated on the 
 e^ummit of a steep and elevated rock, with its shattered bat- 
 tlements lifted two hundred feet above the surface of the siu> 
 
fori IRttAND. 
 
 rounding plains. The circumference of the rock was defended 
 by a wall of great strength and thickness, within which, on 
 a declivity, stands the castle^ a melancholy wreck, but still 
 retaining a sullen dignity. This strong fortress, anciently 
 belonged to the O'Briens of Thomond, who were formerly 
 kings of Limerick or north Munster. A cross road on the left 
 leads to Patrick's-well ; at the five mile stone, a cress road on 
 the left slopes to Adare. A little beyond the six mile stone, on 
 the right, are situated the ruins of Court- Ferry Castle, on the 
 northern bank of the river Maig; on the southern bank of the 
 river Maig, stands Court, the delightful residence of Sir Henry 
 Hartstonge, Bart. At the thirteenth mile stone, a cross road 
 on the left, runs towards Ballingarry, and another on the right, 
 leads to Castletown village, pleasantly situated on the eastern 
 bank of the Shannon. At the fifteen mile stone, are situated 
 the ruins of Bally- England Castle on the left, and the beautifal 
 
 seat of Bally mort, the residence of Massy, Esq. lies on 
 
 the right. 
 
 AsJceyton, — Distant one hundred and ten miles and a half from 
 the castle of Dublin, and sixteen from Limerick, is pleasantly 
 situated on the river Deel, at its confluence with the Shannon : 
 here one of the Earl of Desmond's strong castles was erected. 
 This town, though now a depopulated and decayed village, was 
 formerly fortified, and deemed a place of consequence and 
 importance. In 14'20, James the Seventh, Earl of Desmond, 
 founded a monastery for conventual Franciscans, contiguous to 
 the castle. In 1558, a provincial chapter of the whole order 
 was held in this abbey. Its present extensive ruins attest its 
 former splendor. A cross road on the left, leads to Rathkeale. 
 This town was a borough previous to the Union. At the 
 tiineteen mile stone, is situated Kilmylan church, on the left. 
 
 Shanagolden^ — Distant one hundred and fourteen miles from 
 the Castle of Dublin, and twenty miles from Limerick, is an 
 inconsiderable village, and is only remarkable for being much 
 frequented by travellers, passing between Kerry and Limerick : 
 the road here runs in a parallel direction with the Shannon on 
 its eastern bank. A little beyond the twenty-third mile stone, 
 stand the ruins of Loughill castle, pleasantly situated on the 
 banks of a considerable streamlet, at its confluence with the 
 Sliannon : here is a coal mine. 
 
 Glij7in, — Distant one hundred and twenty-one miles from the 
 Castle of Dublin, and twenty-seven miles from Limerick, is a 
 small village, situated at the mouth of a small romantic bay, 
 surrounded by hills and high cliffs : here are the ruins of an 
 
liEW TRAVEitER's GUIDE 
 
 old castle, the ancient residence of the Knights of the Glynn. 
 In 1600, this castle was besieged by Sir George Carew, who 
 encamped between it and the Shannon, with whom the knight 
 held a conference under the protection of a flag of truce ; but 
 having refused the proposed terms of submission, was com- 
 manded to depart ; after which ineffectual conference, the 
 bombardment was resumed, when the knight's son, detained as 
 an hostage, was placed in front of the breastwork, in order to 
 terrify the besieged, but the constable resolutely declared, that 
 even so precious an obstacle would not prevent his pointing his 
 guns against that portion of the encampment ; whereupon the 
 besiegers generously withdrew the child from his perilous situa- 
 tion, and soon afterwards made a practicable breach under the 
 hall of the castle, took it by storm, and put the garrison to the 
 sword,— See Pacata Hihernia, Vol. I. page 60. Glynn House, 
 the residence of the knight of the Glynn, is delightfully situ- 
 ated on the brow of a hill, overlooking the village. Here the 
 road forks into two branches, that on the left, leading to Lis- 
 towel, and the other on the right, to Tarbret. At the twenty- 
 ninth mile stone, an inconsiderable streamlet separates the 
 counties of Kerry and Limerick. The numerous castles 
 crowded in this quarter, prove what importance was attached 
 to the secure enjoyment of such valuable possessions, to ensure 
 which, every precaution that the then imperfect knowledge of 
 constructing military bulwarks suggested, were carefully taken. 
 
 To Gh/nn^ by Adair. 
 
 Adair 
 
 Newbridge 
 
 Shanagolden 
 
 Loghill 
 
 Glynn 
 
 (MUes.) 
 102 
 
 ^\ 
 3i 
 Si 
 
FOB IR^ILAND, 239 
 
 ^ Table of Fairs held in this County in every month of the year* 
 
 Vf'— I ■ . . ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ i j f ^ 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Time. 
 
 j f*laces where held- 
 
 Time. 
 
 
 Jan, 
 
 ! Croom .... 
 
 3 
 
 Herbertstown . . 
 
 12 
 
 i Newcastle . , , 
 
 
 
 
 Fedemore .... 
 Mount Pelier . . 
 
 5 
 8 
 
 
 Feb. 
 
 Gardenmorris , . 
 
 1 
 
 Brury . . , , . 
 
 9 
 
 Rathkeale . . . 
 
 7 
 
 i Hospital . , . . 
 
 10 
 
 f^asit iptnwnmatpn i rv 
 
 \^cl»9 v-^^^^ w iiiiJdJv Willi Y 
 
 1 1 
 
 M. J 
 
 Ardagh • . . . 
 
 11 
 
 
 
 Almar ..... 
 Bilboa 
 
 11-12 
 
 12 
 
 
 Mar, 
 
 Croaghburgess , • 
 
 1 
 
 Cluggin .... 
 
 13 
 
 BalUbrood . . . 
 
 1 
 
 Stonehall • , , . 
 
 
 Ardpatrick . . . 
 Patrick's Well . . 
 
 17 
 
 Kil fenny comrpon . 
 
 
 17 
 
 Rathowen ...» 
 
 15 
 
 Herbertstown . . 
 
 17 
 
 Cahei:conlish . , . 
 
 10^ 
 
 
 27 
 
 Kilfinan .... 
 
 la 
 
 
 BrufF 
 
 Kuopkaderry 
 
 2G 
 27 
 
 
 Apr, 
 
 Gardenmorris . . 
 
 1 
 
 Abingdon . . . 
 
 27 
 
 Rathkeale . . , 
 
 
 Glenogra .... 
 
 31, 
 
 Tubermurry . . . 
 
 4 
 
 ' ^ 
 
 
 
 
 CastlGOtway . . . 
 
 5 
 
 
 June 
 
 Ballingarry . . . 
 
 15 
 
 Rathkeale . . . 
 
 I 
 
 Cramer .... 
 
 15 
 
 Castle Connel . . 
 
 I 
 
 Bailyraagarry(^own . 
 
 15 
 
 Ballingarry ^ . . 
 
 7 
 
 Castletownmakenjry 
 
 17 
 
 Knocklong . . . 
 
 7 
 
 Ballingarry , . , 
 
 19 
 
 Kilma^llock . . . 
 
 8 
 
 Singland .... 
 
 20 
 
 Balliscanlop . . . 
 
 3 
 
 Castle Connel . . 
 
 20 
 
 Glynn .... 
 
 8, 
 
 Turagh .... 
 
 20 
 
 Court and Corragheen 
 
 10 
 
 Kilmore . . • . 
 
 20 
 
 Mount Pelier . , 
 
 10 
 
 iiallivreeny . . . 
 
 21 
 
 tj 11*1 1 
 
 BalUbrood . . . 
 
 12 
 
 Court and Corragheen 
 
 23 
 
 Drumpn .... 
 
 
 Ardpatrick , . . 
 
 25 
 
 Shanagolden , , . 
 
 16 
 
 Tullow .... 
 
 27 
 
 Rathkeale . . . 
 
 19 
 
 Murroe .... 
 
 29 
 
 Ballingveeny 
 
 21 
 
 
 
 Croome .... 
 Ardagh .... 
 
 22 
 
 
 May 
 
 24. 
 
 Croagh .... 
 
 1 
 
 Brury . ... 
 
 25 
 
 Portrenard . . . 
 
 2 
 
 Herbprstow;! 
 
 
290 
 
 NEW traveller's guide 
 
 Places -where held. 
 
 Abbyfeale 
 
 Time. 
 
 June, 
 29 
 
 
 July, 
 
 1 uragh , • . • 
 
 i 
 
 Ballinffarry » . . 
 
 A 
 
 j^imericK . . . • 
 
 
 Mount Pelier 
 
 8 
 
 Hospital .... 
 
 9 
 
 Nautenane 
 
 1 A 
 
 Aimer . . . . » 
 
 1 9 
 
 1 £i 
 
 xviiiciiii Y cv/iiiiii^ii . 
 
 l4< 
 
 Castle Connel • . 
 
 1 ft 
 JO 
 
 Tullowlands . . . 
 
 
 Portrenard • • • 
 
 1 ft 
 
 
 23 
 
 Askeyton .... 
 
 o\) 
 
 
 Aucr 
 
 i3aili brood 
 
 1 
 
 A 
 
 v^roagji .... 
 
 Q 
 
 o 
 
 Limerick .... 
 
 /L 
 
 ISIautenane 
 
 (- 
 
 O 
 
 JviJnnan , , . . 
 
 y 
 
 Knockany . • . 
 
 1 1 
 
 JJallloy^cLlllKJLl ... 
 
 12 
 
 XjllUUcl • • . • • 
 
 1 2 
 
 Ballymagarrydown . 
 
 1 o 
 
 Kilmore .... 
 
 15 
 
 Drumon .... 
 
 18 
 
 Cahirconlisli . . » 
 
 OA 
 
 Newcastle 
 
 ar\ 
 ZiO 
 
 Xl^ct LillVCctJ. .... 
 
 25 
 
 Racahil . . . 
 
 26 
 
 Tubbermurry . . 
 
 26 
 
 Ballingarrycramer . 
 
 30 
 
 Abington . . , 
 
 31 
 
 Ballinvreeny . . . 
 
 SI 
 
 
 Sept 
 
 Gardenmorris . . 
 
 1 
 
 Groom , ... 
 
 3 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Courtcurragheen 
 Shanagolden 
 Mount Pelier 
 Hospital .... 
 Knockaderry . . . 
 Kilfenny common . 
 luUow .... 
 
 Brury 
 
 Glynn .... 
 Rathkeal .... 
 1 ubbermurry . . 
 Turagh .... 
 Ardpatrick . . . 
 Drumon . , . . 
 Cluggin .... 
 Stonehall .... 
 Ballyscanlon 
 
 Sep, 
 3 
 4 
 7 
 8 
 9 
 12 
 13 
 14 
 15 
 38 
 19 
 20 
 22 
 23 
 24 
 25 
 29 
 
 
 Oct. 
 
 Knocklong . . . 
 
 1 
 
 Newcastle , . . 
 
 1 
 
 Knockany . . . 
 
 2 
 
 Castle Connel . . 
 
 4 
 
 Askeyton . . . 
 
 9 
 
 Fedemore . . . 
 
 9 
 
 Ballibrood . . . 
 
 11 
 
 Spuroboy . . . 
 
 11 
 
 Portrenard . . , 
 
 13 
 
 Adare ..... 
 
 13 
 
 Cahirconlish 
 
 17 
 
 Abbyfeale .... 
 
 18 
 
 r>ruit , . . • . 
 
 1 Q 
 
 Mount Pelier • . 
 
 19 
 
 Kilfinan . • . . 
 
 25 
 
 Murroe • • . . 
 
 27 
 
 Glanogra , . • • 
 
 23 
 
 Knockaderry . . . 
 
 29 
 
 Hospital . . . • 
 
 30 
 
 
 
TOR IRELAND* 
 
 291 
 
 Places whets heldt 
 
 Time. 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Time. 
 
 
 JSov, 
 
 
 Dec. 
 
 Croagn .... 
 
 1 
 
 Castletownmakeniry 
 
 1 
 
 xViiinorc ... 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 Glynn • . . * 
 
 1 
 
 v/aaLiciowiiiiiaK.cuiry 
 
 
 jOcmiiigarry • • • 
 
 5 
 
 1 ullowlancis 
 
 5 
 
 Cahirconlish . . • 
 
 5 
 
 Herbertstown 
 
 7 
 
 iviount i^eiier 
 
 8 
 
 Kilmiddy . . . • 
 
 7 
 
 v^rooni • • . • 
 
 8 
 
 Knockany 
 
 1 1 
 
 Fingland . • 
 
 11 
 
 Nautenane . • 
 
 1 9 
 
 ^iincr • • « • 
 
 11-12 
 
 x>aiiiacaiiion . . 
 
 1 R 
 lO 
 
 X Uldgll • • • • 
 
 J z 
 
 ArupaLricK . • • 
 
 1 7 
 
 jL/roiiiin • . . • 
 
 1 A 
 
 "RotVilrpal 
 XVtlLllI^CctJ. • • • 
 
 1 R 
 
 Portrenard . . , 
 
 1 K 
 
 Ballinvreeny . 
 
 ly 
 
 Knockaderry . 
 
 19 
 
 1 -vO V*/*1 ATI fY*l /~TV*V*1 C* M 
 
 vjarut^iiiiiujrris . • 
 
 
 iviiiiiiiiyconiiuon, • 
 
 0 1 OO 
 
 -4l-z2 
 
 Ardagh . . . • 
 
 21 
 
 Kilmore .... 
 
 27 
 
 Brury 
 
 25 
 
 Kilmiddy .... 
 
 31 
 
 BrufF 
 
 28 
 
 
 Court ] 
 
 SO 
 
 
 
HLW l'ItAVEI.LEIl*S GUIDE 
 
 COUNTY OF CLARE. 
 
 The CoijNtV oV Ci.ai1e, anciently called Thomcmdj was erected 
 into a shire in the year 1566, and Annexed to the province of 
 Connaught; but in the year 1602, it was incorporated with 
 Munster, to which province it continues still annexed. It is almost 
 insulated, being separated by the river Shannon from the county 
 of Limerick on the south oast ; the Atlantic Ocean encompasses 
 it on the west, the bay of Gal way bounds it on the north, and a 
 portion of the counties of Galway and Tipperary joins it on the 
 cast ; it extends about thirty-three miles from north to south. 
 And about fifty-two miles from east to west ; it contains 476,200 
 acres, Irish plantation measure, of which f56,062 acres consist 
 of mountain, bog, and waste. The climate is generally healthy, 
 though moist near the sea; its surface is uneven, being much en- 
 cumbered with mountains ; the soil is various, generally light, 
 but extremely fertile in the vallies; lead and iron ores have 
 been discovered in various places of this romantic, wild, moun- 
 tainous, and remote district. It abounds with exhaustless stores 
 of coal mines, hitherto an unprofitable treasure ; its creeks, bays, 
 and harbours, though numerous and susceptible of great im- 
 provement, are still neglected and left in their primitive rude 
 original situation ; here nature hath been profuae in her bounties, 
 but an artificial co-operation is withheld with a parsimonious 
 nigardness. The river Fergus, which rises in the barony of 
 Corcomroe, is the most considerable stream that flows through 
 this county; it is enlarged by the auxiliary contributions of 
 inany tributary brooks, jbefore it unites with tlie majestic Shan- 
 non. The next most considerable rivers are Ardsallas, Black- 
 water, and Claren, which in various directions force their course 
 to the Shannon ; the Innistyition river empties itself into the 
 
50R IRELAJfD^ 
 
 293 
 
 sea £lt Lascanor bay ; the river Bow rises in the mountains, 
 which divide the counties of Clare and Galway, and in its 
 course to the Shannon constitutes the boundary between these 
 counties. Its lakes are numerous, of which Lough Terroig iii 
 the barony of TuUagh, is the most singular, being situated on 
 the top of a mountain ; from this lake a beautiful stream issues, 
 which runs into Lough Graney, thence proceeds with accumu- 
 lated Waters until it falls into Lough O'Grady, and afterwards 
 empties itself into the Shannon, at SkarrifF bay ; the river Ou- 
 garnee runs from Lough Breedy to Lough Doon, and thence 
 to Lough CloonlQa ; it afterwards forms a small lake, and after 
 a short course, falls into the Shannon near Bunratty Castle ; 
 mineral waters, which are chiefly chalybeate are found in many 
 places. The eastern division is chiefly a flat, calcareous, rocky, 
 and light soil, the western portion consists of moory hills, inter- 
 spersed with fertile vallies ; the grounds on the banks of the 
 Fergus and Shannon, vie in fertility with the most celebrated 
 pastures of Ireland. 
 
 This County is divided into nine Baronies, 
 
 Burrin, 
 Inchiquin. 
 Corcomroe, 
 Ibricken, 
 
 Moyferta, 
 Bunratty, 
 Islands, 
 
 Tullagh, 
 
 Clanderlagh, which 
 contain 79 parishes/- 
 
 Carne, 
 Kiicorney, 
 Kilkenny, 
 Kilmoon, 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Burrin, 
 
 Killonoghan, 
 Noghvale, 
 Corcomroe, 
 Drumcreehy. 
 
 Glaninagh, 
 
 Oughtnanna, 
 
 Rathburney, 
 
 This district is extremely rocky, and exhibits a rude magni- 
 ficence of a wild barren, and irreclaimable waste on a superficial 
 inspection ; however, in defiance of such discouraging impres- 
 sions, the herbage scattered among its stupenduous rocks is sweet, 
 and fit for small sheep, of which stock numerous flocks are 
 reared, whose wool is of the best quality for clothing; its culti- 
 vated parts produce abundant crops of potatoes, oats, wheat, 
 barley, and flax ; it is destitute of fuel and water. As the in- 
 habitants are distant from the sea coast, tht y are deoriv rd of 
 the accommodation of turf conveyed from the opposite coast of 
 Connamarra ; Corcomroe village is situated on the road leading 
 
NEW TRAVELLER'S GUIDE 
 
 from Kenvara to Kilfenora, through this range of lofty hills. 
 It was thrice pillaged by Roderic O'Connor, and Dermot 
 O'Brien, in the year 10S8. Donald, King of Limerick, founded 
 a sumptuous monastery here for Cistertian monks, dedicated to 
 the Virgin Mary, in the year 1 194 ; Donough O'Brien, King of 
 Thomond, was killed in a battle, fought in the year 1267; he 
 was solemnly interred in this Abbey, where a magnificent 
 monument was erected to his memory, the ruins of which still 
 remain. In the year 1317, a furious battle was fought near 
 this town, where the flower of the O'Brien family fell ; the two 
 sons of Brien, King of Thomond, were numbered among the 
 slain. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Inchiquin. 
 
 Disert, Kilnamona, Rath. 
 
 Kilkeady, Kilneboy, 
 
 On the road leading from Gort to Ennis, Clare county com- 
 mences a little beyond the hundred and four mile stone, where 
 the road forks into two branches, that to the right leading to 
 Currofin, and that to the left to Ennis ; Currofin distant an 
 tiundred and nine and a half miles from Dublin Castle, is a tol- 
 erably regular well built country village ; a cross road to the 
 l ight leads to Kilfenora, the direct road leads to Innistymon, 
 
 parishes in the Barony of Corcomroe, 
 
 Clonie, Kilshanny, Killeilagh, 
 
 Kilfenora, Killaspugmullan, Kilmanaheen* 
 
 Kilteraght, 
 
 Kilfenora^ — distant 116 miles from the Castle of Dublin, was 
 erected into an Episcopal See about the twelfth century, and 
 united to Killaloe in the year 1752; its cathedral is very an- 
 cient, but in good repair. The nave is full of old laraily orna- 
 merits. The image of St. Fechnan, the original founder, is 
 carved at full length in the choir. Here are seven crosses, 
 each of which is formed of a single stone, engraven with very 
 ancient sculpture. Two roads issue from this town, that to the 
 right leading to Balicla Bay, and that on the left to Innisty- 
 mon. 
 
 Innistymon^ — a pleasant village, is situated on a river of the 
 same name. It is distant 118^ miles from the Castle of Dublin, 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 295 
 
 Here is the castle of the elder branch of the O'Brien family; 
 three miles from Innistymon are the ruins of Moyvore Castle, 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Ibrickin, 
 Kifarboy, Kilmoreys Killard. 
 
 Kilmurry,— distant 1^9} miles from the Castle of Dublin, is 
 a smull village situated on the sea coast. A cross road to the 
 left leads to Kilrush ; it gives the title of Viscount to the noble 
 family of Needham: there are pleasant waterfalls near this 
 village. Miltown, a ftewly erected village on the shore of the 
 Atlantic, is admirably calculated for sea-bathing; and the ac- 
 commodation of neat lodges, adds a considerable inducement tt; 
 attract lodgers in the summer season. 
 
 To Kilrush ly Corrq/in. 
 
 Miles. 
 
 Corrofin, . . , , . — 109^ 
 Innistymon, , . . . ,9 118^ 
 Kilmurry, . . . . 10| 129^ 
 Kilrush, . . , . .121 142 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Moyferta. 
 
 Kilfiernagh, Kilrush, Inniscattery, 
 
 Kilballyhone, Kilmacduane, Moyferta. 
 
 From Miltown a road runs along the sea shore by the village 
 of Dunbeg, to the Light- House erected at Loop Head. 
 
 Kilrush — distant 142 miles from the Castle of Dublin, is ra- 
 pidly increasing, and, if properly accommodated with suitable 
 habitations, would quickly become a fashionable summer resi-» 
 dence, by means of an expeditious water conveyance with 
 Limerick, 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Bunratty, 
 
 Bunratty, 
 
 Clonic, 
 
 Clonloghan, 
 
 Dowrie, 
 
 Kilncsologh, 
 
 Dromline, 
 
 Finogh, 
 
 Kilconry, 
 
 Kilmaleere, 
 
 Iniscronan. 
 
 Kilraghtis, 
 Quin, 
 
 Tempi em aly, 
 Tomtinlogli, 
 
 Meeliek, 
 Kihjuanc, 
 Killclly, 
 Kil/intinan, 
 
296 
 
 KEw 'Traveller's guide 
 
 On the left branch of the road forking at Tobcrdoony, is 
 
 siliiated 
 
 Crushecn Village^ — distant one hundred and six miles from 
 the Castle of Dublin ; a cross road runs to the left ; the direct 
 road leads to Ennis. Near this village are the ruins of an old 
 castle, nearly surrounded by a lake. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Islands, 
 
 Clonegadj Kilmaly, Clare Abbey, 
 
 Killone, Dromcliff, 
 
 Ennis — distant one hundred and twelve miles and a half from 
 the Cattle of Dublin, is a very considerpble but irregularly 
 built town, situated on the river Fergus ; it is the shire and 
 assizf^o town of the county, and returns one member to the Im- 
 perial Parliament. Here are the remains of the finest abbey 
 in this island, built in the chastest stile of Gothic architecture; 
 om of its aisles now forn^s a spacious parochial church. A 
 school^ on the charitable endowment of Erasmus Smith, is 
 founded here. At the near end of the town two roads unite, 
 and two roads issue fron; the opposite direction, one runs to 
 Dromore, and the other to Innistymon. 
 
 To Ei^nis, by Crusheen^ 
 
 (MUcs.) 
 
 Crusheen, -» " • — I 106 
 
 Ennis, - - - - 61 ( 112| 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Tulhgk. 
 
 Clonlea, Killogenned|y, Killaloe, 
 
 Feacle, Killuran, Tomgrany, 
 
 Kilfinaghty, Moynoe, Tulla, 
 
 Kilmurrynegaul, Kiltenanlea, Ogonilloe, 
 
 Kilnoe, Kilseily, 
 
 The road from Mount ShannoDj County of Galway, runs 
 through the village of SharifF, whence a road issues to the right 
 by Lough O'Grady ; that on the left leads to Killaloe ; the 
 direct road runs to Six-Mile-Bridge. In that part of the Shan- 
 Hon bordering upon SkarifF, is an island containing about 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 297 
 
 twenty-four acres, celebrated for the reputed sanctity and effi- 
 cacy of its holy well. Here are the ruins of an abbey founded 
 by St. Camin in the year 65 fj, and a round tower, stifl in 
 a good state of preservation. 
 
 Killaloe, — Distant eighty-six miles and a half from the Castle 
 of Dublin, is situated on the western bank of the river Shannon, 
 over which there is a bridge erected, consisting of nineteen 
 arches. It is a very old town, destitute of trade. The cathe- 
 dral, which is situated on an eminence, is a venerable old struc- 
 ture, large, simple, and heavy, and contains very few monu- 
 ments. Killaloe was erected into an Episcopal See in the fifth 
 century. In the twelfth century it was incorporated with the 
 ancient bishoprick of Roscrea. A cross road runs right and 
 left. Here is a fine salmon fishery, ^nd an eel wire. The na= 
 vigation of the river is here interrupted by a ledge pf rocks 
 running across its bed j to obviate which difficulty, a canal has 
 been sunk, which opens an inland water communication between 
 Limerick and Dublin. 
 
 Broadford — Is a small village, distant ninety-five miles and a 
 half from the Castle of DubHn ; a cross road runs to the left 
 
 To Innisfjjmond hy Killaloe^ 
 
 
 
 
 ( Miles. ) 
 
 Killaloe 
 
 * 
 
 
 
 86 
 
 Broadford 
 
 
 
 ■ . 9| 
 
 95| 
 
 TuUa 
 
 
 
 
 102 
 
 Spancell Hill 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 107-i 
 
 
 
 
 
 111 
 
 Innistymond 
 
 
 • • 
 
 12| 
 
 1231 
 
 I TuUa, — Is an inconsiderable village, distant one hundred and 
 ' two miles from Dublin Castle ; about a mile from this town, on 
 the right, are the. ruins of an old castle. 
 
 Spancell JHill, — Is distant one hundred and seven miles and a 
 half from Dublin Castle ; here are the ruins of a castle, and 
 within a few miles are the ruins of Quin Abbey, the most entire 
 of any monastic institution now remaining in this island ; it is 
 situated by a clear stream, from whence there is an ascent of 
 •several steps to the church, which is a quadranglar edifice, with 
 [piazzas, supported by a number of pillars of the Corinthian 
 order. Wadding remarks that it was the first house of the 
 Franciscan order, which acknowledged the Reformation, Ennis, 
 
298 
 
 HLW TRAVELLEll*S GUIDE 
 
 before described, is distant in this direction one hundred and 
 eleven miles from DiibHn Castle. 
 
 O'Bnen's Bridge, — Distant eighty-seven miles froni Dublin 
 Castle, fe situated on the virestern bank of the river Shannon, 
 whence there is communication with the County of Limerick 
 by means of a fine stone bridge built over the Shannon ; here 
 is a sulphurous spring, celebrated for curing many distempers 
 but totally neglected for the rival mineral waters of Ballyconnei, 
 now frequently resorted to by fashionable valitudinarians. In this 
 vicinage are the ruins of many castles, anciently deemed import- 
 ant stations in the various feuds, wars and rebellions, which 
 have so repeatedly harassed, agitated and convulsed this island 
 through the turbulent intemperance and ungovernable spirit of 
 its former haughty and ferocious chieftains. From Limerick 
 to Clare county, there is a communication by Thomoncl Bridge, 
 erected over the Shannon ; a road to the right leads to Killaloe ; 
 the direct road runs to Ennis ; near the fifth mile stone, from 
 Limerick, are the ruins of an old church to the left ; at the 
 seventh mile stone stand the ruins of another chiirch, in the 
 same direction. 
 
 Six-mile Bridge^ — Distant eight miles and three quarters from 
 Limerick, and one hundred and two miles and three quarters 
 from Dublin Castle, is situated on the river Gearn, v.hich 
 empties itself into the Shannon ; within two miles of this town 
 are the ruins of the famous casle of Bunratty ; a cross road runs 
 to the right, and two winding cross roads to the left, lead to 
 Newmarket village, situated on the banks of the river Fergus, 
 
 Ardsillas, — Distant one hundred and eight miles and a half 
 from Dublin Castle, and thirteen and a half from Limerick, 
 is a smart village, situated on a river of the same name, which 
 empties itself into the Fergus, 
 
 Clare, — Distant one hundred and twelve miles and a half 
 from Dublin Castle, and eighteen miles and a half from Limerick, 
 is a decayed village, situated on the river Fergus. Here an 
 nbbcy was founded in the year 1195, by Donald O'Brien, the 
 great King of Limerick, for canons regular of the order of St, 
 Augustin, under the invocation of St, Peter and St. Paul. At 
 thife town a furious battle was fought in the year 1278, by the 
 jarring septs of the O'Brien's, with promiscuous slaughter. 
 
 £«?i/>,~Already described, is distant one hundred and four-f 
 teen miles and a half from Dublin, in this direction, and twenty- 
 one from Limerick, 
 
 Iniiistifmon — Already noticed, is distant from Ennis, one hun- 
 dred and three miles and a quarter, and one hundred and twenty- 
 three miles and a quarter from Di^blin in this direction. 
 
FOR IRSLANO. 
 
 299 
 
 Parishes vi the Baromj of Clanderlagh, 
 
 Kilfedanej Killeymer, 
 
 Kiicryst, Kilmihiil, Killofiii. 
 
 Kildysert, Kiimurry, 
 
 A road runs from Clare, to Kilriish, through the wild moun- 
 tainous and barren district of Cianderiagh Barony. At tha 
 distance of one mile from Clare, are the ruins of an old castle 
 to the right. A little beyond the sixth mile stone, are situated 
 Kedgate Inn, and the ruins of an old castle to the right. At 
 the tenth mile stone, are the ruins of Kildysert castle, to the 
 left ; a little beyond the fourteenth mile stone, stand the ruins 
 of an old castle to the right ; at the seventeenth mile stone, 
 stands Kiimurry church ; at the twenty-first mile stone, are 
 the ruins of a castle, and a church to the right ; at the twenty- 
 fifth mile stone, stands Kilrush, already noticed ; a road runs 
 to the righttowards Loop Head Light House. Iniscathy Island is 
 situated in the mouth of the Shannon, where a monastery was 
 founded by St. Patrick, over which he placed St. Sinan ; there 
 were eleven separate churches erected here for monastics. 
 The ruins of seven are still visible ; here is a round tower, one 
 hundred and twenty feet high. For a long time previous to the 
 Reformation, no women were permitted to reside on this island. 
 It was frequently plundered by the Danes. The other round 
 towers in this county are one at Drumkleeve, one at Dysert, 
 and one at Kilneboy ; Mr. Button in his Statistical Survey of 
 this county, enumerates one hundred and eighteen strong castles 
 erected in the different baronies, both by the natives and sub- 
 sequently by the English settlers, with a simdar view of personftl 
 protection against predatory incursions, in the turbalent ages, 
 which required such indispensible precautions. The same eji- 
 lightened author ingeniously conjectures, that the different raths 
 in this district, partly composed of earth and round stones, were 
 designed as a defence against the nocturnal dapradations of 
 the prowhng wolves, which sallied in quest of prey from the 
 vast forests of this >sland ; and the low defenceless situation of 
 many raths, placed at the foot of commanding eminences, throws 
 a strong appearance of probability on this singular opinion, 
 though some situated on lolty hills, might be occasionally u.ed 
 fur milital'y stations and a temporary eiieampment 
 
SOO NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 A Table of Fairs held in every month of the 
 
 yeafo 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 T'tme. 
 
 PiUces where held* 
 
 Time. 
 
 
 T 
 
 Jan, 
 
 r> 11*1 
 
 Balliket .... 
 Bunratty . • . ^ 
 
 June 
 
 
 reo. 
 
 3 
 3 
 
 jVliitonmRibay . o 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 Cooreclare . . . 
 
 4? 
 
 Bunratty . * . . 
 
 3 
 
 Claretown * . . 
 
 5 
 
 
 T T 1 T 1 J 
 
 Holy Island . . . 
 
 7 
 
 
 
 
 Jjdar, 
 
 ivillaioe . 4 • ^ 
 
 8 
 
 Jervestown . . . 
 
 oo 
 
 1 ulla 
 
 8 
 
 
 
 Morerace .... 
 
 8 
 
 
 
 
 Apr, 
 
 Bridgetown . . * 
 
 10 
 
 "t T 1 T 1 1 
 
 Holy Island . . . 
 
 16 
 
 Kilnena .... 
 
 11 
 
 Xvlew Market . . . 
 
 19 
 
 Rosmanaher . . . 
 
 15 
 
 Ivillaioe . • • . 
 
 zO 
 
 JJromore .... 
 
 17 
 
 XT'— ■ 
 
 24? 
 
 Toomgraney . * . 
 
 17 
 
 
 
 Miiltown Malbay . 
 
 20 
 
 
 
 
 May 
 
 Broadrord * , , 
 
 21 
 
 Doonbeg * . , . 
 
 2 
 
 bpancelhill . . . 
 
 23&i 
 
 Cooreclare . • ♦ 
 
 z» 
 D 
 
 rSalliluden . . 
 
 24? 
 
 Clonroad .... 
 
 
 Uallagnan s Mill 
 
 27 
 
 Callaghan s Mill 
 
 8 
 
 
 
 
 Kilrush .... 
 
 10 
 
 oalliket . • • . 
 
 T" 1 
 
 July 
 
 Ilosmanagher 
 
 10 
 
 4? 
 
 Ardsallas .... 
 
 1 o 
 
 \_/ratiiow • • . • 
 
 5 
 
 Tulla * . . . . 
 
 13 
 
 XL 11 
 
 Jonnswell .... 
 
 5 
 
 Innistymond . , . 
 
 15 
 
 Moyarta .... 
 
 5 
 
 Kilmurrybricken 
 
 17 
 
 
 7 
 
 Kilmicnael . . . 
 
 19 
 
 O Brien s Bridge . 
 
 25 
 
 Kilkisheen . . . 
 
 19 
 
 Doonbeg . . • . 
 
 26 
 
 T 1 
 
 Jasperspond . . . 
 
 19 
 
 T^ V 
 
 31 
 
 Brodagh .... 
 
 20 
 
 
 
 
 
 Kiidisart .... 
 
 22 
 
 
 Aug, 
 
 T^iimiirrv . . i. . 
 
 XV^-i-AiAi-it- x y .... 
 
 24 
 
 Glonroad . 
 
 
 Macmahoti * . . 
 
 24* 
 
 Ardsailas .... 
 
 12 
 
 Currofin .... 
 
 26 
 
 Brodagh .... 
 
 15 
 
 Kilclaren . . * . 
 
 31 
 
 Balliket .... 
 
 17 
 
 
 
 Moyarta .... 
 
 19 
 
 
 
 
 June 
 
 Spancelhill . . . 
 
 20 
 
 Moyarta .... 
 
 1 
 
 [nnistymond . . . 
 
 " 22 
 
 Kilfehora .... 
 
 2 
 
 KilHiurrybricken 
 
 25 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 301 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Time. 
 
 
 Aug. 
 
 Newmarket • 
 
 25 
 
 Kildisart . • • • 
 
 27 
 
 Kilkishen . . . • 
 
 31 
 
 
 Sej), 
 
 Cnnis • • • . • 
 
 3 
 
 Killaloe .... 
 
 3 
 
 iulla • . • . . 
 
 A. 
 
 Rosmanaher • . • 
 
 12 
 
 Dromore .... 
 
 26 
 
 Turloghmore . . 
 
 29 
 
 
 Oct. 
 
 Tulla 
 
 I 
 
 Jervestown . . . 
 
 2 
 
 Doonbeg . * . • 
 
 S 
 
 Kilfenora • . • . 
 
 9 
 
 Kilmichael 
 
 9 
 
 Toomegraney . . 
 
 10 
 
 Kilrush .... 
 
 12 
 
 Clonroad .... 
 
 13& 
 
 Rosmanaher . . . 
 
 16 
 
 Milltown Maibay . 
 
 18 
 
 Killaloe .... 
 
 20 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Time, 
 
 Octi 
 
 Cooreclare . . 
 Bunratty .... 
 
 20 
 20 
 
 
 31 
 
 
 
 
 Nov* 
 
 O'Brien's Bridge 
 
 7 
 
 Clare 
 
 11 
 
 CaUaghan's Mill . . 
 
 
 Eroadford . . . 
 
 21 
 
 Currofin .... 
 
 22 
 
 Ballvluden . • . 
 
 24} 
 
 Bridgetown 
 
 25 
 
 Jasper's Pound . . 
 
 26 
 
 
 Dec. 
 
 Balliket .... 
 
 1 
 
 Kilclaran .... 
 
 'J 
 
 Clonroad .... 
 
 'J 
 
 Six-mile Bridsre . 
 
 5 
 
 Turloghmore . . 
 
 12 
 
 Doonbeg . . , . 
 
 16 
 
 Enagh 
 
 17 
 
 Newmarket . . . 
 
 20 
 
 Kilkishen .... 
 
 22 
 
302 
 
 KEW Tr WELLE r's nUiDE 
 
 COUNrY OF KERIIY. 
 
 The County of Kerry — Is bounded by the Shannon on the 
 •north v/est, which separates it from the county of Clare, by 
 Limerick on the north east, by Cork on the south east, and by 
 the Atlantic on the west; its greatest extent, from north to 
 south is about fifty-three Irish miles, and from east to west forty- 
 one Irish miles. Its soil is as diversified as its surface is irregular, 
 some particular spots being very fruitful and equally adapted 
 for tillage or for pasture, but a great portion of the county is 
 dreary, desolate, mountainous, and uninhabitable. The air is 
 sharp and wholesome ; it comprehends a great extent of that 
 territory formerly called Desmond ; its surface comprises 
 647,650 acres, including bogs, mountains, and wastes, which 
 are distril)uted into eight baronies ; — Traghticonnor, Troughan- 
 acmy, Magunihy, Clanmorris, Dunkerron, Iveragh, Ciane- 
 rought, Corkguinny, which contain eighty-four parishes. The 
 altitude of some of its mountains envelops their summits in al- 
 most perpetual fogs. The southern baronies abound with iron, 
 lead, and copper ore. Its principal rivers are the Blackwater, 
 leal, Gale, Brick, Cushin, Mang-lea, Flesk, Laune, Carrin, 
 Fartin, Inney, and Roughty; the most celebrated medicinal 
 waters discovered in this county, are the Kiilarney, Iveragh, 
 Fells- well, Din o;le, Castlemain, and Tralee Spas, besides the 
 saline spring, which flows near Mahirebeg. This county pro- 
 duces rare plants particularly noticed by Doctor Smith, in his 
 history of Kerr^-, and scientifically classified, and arranged in 
 Doctor Wade's valuable catalogue of Irish indegenous plants. 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 303 
 
 The lake of Killarney situated in this district, is so conspicu- 
 ously distinguished for its boundless profusion of unrivaled 
 beauties, and exhaustless variety of diversified rural seen er\', 
 which attract universal admiration, that a concise sketch of its 
 most prominent features will be subjoined to the description 
 of this county, with the view to direct such enbghtened visitors 
 as may be anxious to indulge a minute investigation of the grand 
 operations of nature, so unequivocally displayed in the forma- 
 tion of the stupenduous masses, which environ these enchant- 
 ingly romantic lakes. The Kerry Pebbles are held in hio-h 
 estimation. It gives the title of Earl to the family of Fifz- 
 maurice. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Tragliticonnor. 
 
 Kilconly, Kilnaghtin, Listowel, 
 
 Aghavallen, Knockanure, Murhir, 
 Galey, Liseltin, Killahiny. 
 
 Tarbrety — Distant an hundred and twenty-four miles from 
 Dublin Castle, and thirty miles from Limerick, is an handsome 
 small village here is a charter school which was liberally en- 
 dowed by Doctor James Leslie, Bishop of Limerick ; opposite 
 the town stands a small island in the Shannon, which has a 
 commodious road, and harbour, where vessels either bound for, 
 or sailing from Limerick, are safely sheltered in tempestuous 
 weather. Jn the reign of James the First, tlie seigniory of Tar- 
 bret was granted to Patrick Crosbie, Esq. on condition of his 
 protecting several Irish families, transplanted there from the 
 King^s county; Pierce Crosbie sold this estate to Alderman 
 Dominick Roche of Limerick, from whose flimily it was pur- 
 chased by Lord Clare, who forfeited it for his attachment to 
 James the Second; at the revolution it fell to the possession of 
 the family of Leslie. At the thirty-two mile stone from Lime- 
 rick, stands Kilfergus church on the left. 
 
 Ballylongford^\% a small village, distant an hundred and twen- 
 ty-eight miles from Dublin Castle, and thirty-four from Limerick; 
 here a plain neat church is erected ; within half a mile's distance 
 of this village, are situated the extensive ruins of Lislatin Abbey 
 founded in 1464, by O'Connor, Prince of Kerry, for I ranciscan 
 Friars. This Abbey on its suppression was granted to Sir Edward 
 Denny, at a trifling annual rent, Irish currency; the steeple, choir, 
 and other parts still remain. On this side of the thii tv eio-htmilc 
 stpne, a road on the right leads to Cashcn Ferry. ^ 
 
304 
 
 ^^Ew traveller's guide 
 
 Lhto^wel — Distant an hundred and thirty-one miles anrj three 
 quarters from Dublin Castle, and thirty-seven miles from Lime- 
 rick, is i\ smart little town, pleasantly situated on the river Feale ; 
 near this town stand the ruins of a castle, which was the last that 
 held out for the Lord of Kerry against Queen Elizabeth. In 1 600 
 it was subdued by Sir Charles Wilmot, who put the garrison to the 
 sword, with the exemption of one solitary victim, St. Dermot 
 M'Brodie, a priest, rescued from indiscriminate carnage, for hav- 
 ing basely prostituted his honour for the preservation of his worth- 
 less carcase, by betraying the retreat where the infant child, only 
 five years old, of the unfortunate Lord Kerry, was privately con- 
 veyed, previous to the surrender of the Castle ; and for whose dis- 
 covery, Sir Charles made many fruitless searches, until 
 the faithless priest, on the specified conditions, conducted 
 the scouts selected for this service to a solitary cave situated in 
 the recesses of a gloomy forest, distant about six miles from the 
 Castle, where the child was concealed by a faithful domestic. This 
 important treasure, along with its protectress and the traitor, 
 w^ere immediately transmitted to the Lord President, of whose 
 subsequent fate, no farther intimation is given by Smith, in his 
 liistory of Kerry. The existing fragments of this massy pile, which 
 attest its former greatness, are a gate house flanked by two 
 immense round towers. Here the road from Abbeyfeale unites 
 on the left; at the forty-two mile stone, the road forks into two 
 branches; that on the left leading to Castle Island, and the 
 other on the right to Ardfert and Tralee ; at the forty-three mile 
 gtone are the ruins of an old church, situated on the left. 
 
 Parishes the Barony of Clanmorris, 
 
 Ardfert, Ratass, Finuge, Kilmoilj^, 
 
 Ballyheigh, Rattoo^ Kilcarragh, Kilshinane, 
 
 Killaghin, Dieert, Kilfeighny, Kiltopmy. 
 
 Killury, Duagh, Kilflin, 
 
 At the forty-four mile stone from Limerick, are situated 
 the ruins of Lixnaw Castle, on the banks of the river Brick ; 
 it was the celebrated residence of the Earls of Kerry, which 
 made so conspicuous a figure in the Desmond rebellion, furious- 
 ly fomented by that unfortunate and refractory nobleman, 
 in the reign of Queen Elizabeth. Here are two bridges 
 constructed over the river, the oldest of which was erected 
 by the third Baron of Lixnaw, who made a passable cause- 
 way through tliese heretofore impenetrable morasses. On th^s 
 
TOK IB£LAND« 
 
 side of the forty-seven mile stone, stands Abbeydorney Hamlet, 
 where a cross road on the right leads to Cashen Ferry, and ano- 
 ther on the left, stretches towards Tralee ; on this side of th^ 
 forty-nine mile stone, a cross road on the left runs to Tralee. 
 
 ToArdfrethf Tarhret. 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Tarbret, — 124* 
 
 Ballylongford, . . . . 4 128 
 
 Listowel, 134| 
 
 Ardfert, . . . . • 10 144| 
 
 Ar^fert — Distant an liundred and forty-four miles and a half 
 from Dublin Castle, and fifty-miles from Limerick; although now 
 a ruinous and decayed village, was an Episcopal See, supposed to 
 have been founded about the fifth century by St. Ert, and was 
 successively governed by its own Bishops, until the year 1663, 
 when it was united to the Bishopric of Limerick. In the sixth 
 century, St. Branden founded a sumptuous abbey here; in 
 1089, both the town and abbey were consumed by fire. In 
 1151 Cormac O'Culen destroyed the town and abbey; in 
 1 1 79, this abbey was utterly demolished in the ungovernable 
 fury, and desolating hostility of the petty warfare incessantly 
 waged by contending chieftains; in 1233, Thomas Lord Kerry 
 founded an abbey tor Conventual Franciscans, very probably 
 on the scite of the original abbey, the date of .whose foundation 
 is engraven over the great gate ; in 1 309, the Prior of this ab- 
 bey brought an action of trespass before Sir John Wogan, 
 Lord Justice of Ireland at Castledermot, against the Bishop of 
 Ardfert and his subordinate clergy, for having forcibly rescued 
 the corpse of John de Gantelape from the reverend fraternity 
 of this abbey, and otherwise mal-treatiug them, in order to inter 
 it elsewhere, the Bishop having at the same time, prohibited all 
 persons, under the penalty of excommunication from supplying 
 the holy fathers with any necessaries, either through charit- 
 able motives, or for pecuniary considerations ; whereupon the 
 Bishop and his chapter were arrested, their goods and chattels 
 were distrained, and the money arising from the sale, was direc- 
 ted to be paid into the hands of the Lord Justice, on the day 
 next succeeding the feast of St. Peter, ad viticula. This abbey 
 was the cemetery, where the remains of the puissant Knights of 
 Kerry were formerly deposited^ and was highly esteemed by ihm 
 credulous multitude, for the imaginary miracles s^upposed tm 
 
 2 % 
 
HEW traveller's guide 
 
 have been wrought by juggling impostures, fti the church i3 
 the figure of St. Branden, boklly sculptured in alto relievo; the 
 ruins of this splendid structure still remain entire, contiguous 
 to which stood a round tower 120 feet high, deemed the finest 
 in Ireland, which fell in 1771 ; the church was utterly demolish- 
 ed in the rebellion of 1641. Lord Glandore, created Viscount 
 Ardfert in 1771, has a delightful residence in the vicinity of 
 this village ; it was a borough previous to the Union, return- 
 ing two members to the Irish Parliament. A cross road on the 
 left, leads to Castle Island, and another on the right runs to- 
 wards Cashen Ferry; the direct road issues to Tralee: beyond 
 this village, the great promontory called Kerry, or Ballyheigh 
 head, majestically towers over the turbulent Atlantic Ocean, 
 whose impetuosity it arrests, to ensure a safe refuge for the sea 
 beaten mariner in the tranquil bosom of Tralee bay. 
 
 To Dingle hy ListcjoeL 
 
 (Miki.) 
 
 Listowel distant by Abbeyfeale, . — 13I| 
 
 Kilflin, 7i 138| 
 
 Tralee, 5h U4.r^ 
 
 Bracklowen Inn, ... 13| 158? 
 
 Lispole, 4* 1621: 
 
 Dingle, . • . . . 3' | 166 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Troughanacmy» 
 
 Ballycuslan, 
 Bally macelligot, 
 Brosna, 
 Castle Island, 
 Clogherbrinji, 
 Currens, 
 
 Disert, 
 
 Killinterna, 
 
 Kilgarrylander, 
 
 Killorglin, 
 
 Kiltalla, 
 
 Nohoval, 
 
 Obrennan, 
 
 Rattass, 
 
 Tralee, 
 
 Ballinahaglish, 
 Kilcoleman. 
 
 Tralee, — distant one hundred and forty-four miles and a half 
 from Dublin Castle, and forty-eight miles from Limerick, is 
 pleasantly situated at the bottom of Tralee bay, on the bank of 
 the little river Leigh. It is the shire and assizes town of the 
 county; it was incorporated in 1612, by James the First, it is 
 governed by a provost, burgesses, common council, and a town 
 tlerk ; the provost is clerk of the market, justice of the peace, 
 nnd quorum throughout the county, during the period of his, 
 
FOR REIAND. 
 
 507 
 
 office ; lie is invested with the power of holding a tholsel-coiirt 
 on every thursday. A square stands in the centre of the town, 
 of which the goal and court-house form one side ; the remain- 
 ing sides consist of private dwellings, interspersed with well 
 assorted shops. There were formerly four strong castles erected 
 in this town, one of which only now remains, which was the 
 chief residence of the Earls of Desmond, wherein they 
 exercised their jurisdiction, during the continuance of the 
 palatinate, which was extinguished on the attainder of this 
 ancient and noble family, and a grant of a large estate, formerly 
 the Desmond property, was made by Queen Elizabeth, to Sir 
 Edward Denny. In 1579, Sir Henry Danvers, with justices 
 Meade and Charters, were inhumanly murdered in this castle 
 by Sir John, of Desmond, the Earl's brother, for the alledged 
 offence of Sir Henry's presuming to hold a session of goal 
 delivery, within the jurisdiction of Desmond's palatinate. This 
 foul deed contributed to precipitate the destruction of this 
 family, which was effectually acx^omplished soon aiter. In 1243, 
 a monastery for Dominican Friars, under the invocation of the 
 Holy-cross, was founded here by the Lord John Fitz- Thomas, 
 who, together with his son Maurice, was slain by MacCarthy 
 More in 1261, at Callen, in the principality of Desmond, 
 where eight barons, fifteen knights, and multitudes of inferior 
 quality shared the unhappy fate of their leaders. No traces of 
 this ancient abbey now remain. The knights of St. John of 
 Jerusalem had an hospital in this country. The parish church 
 is a plain and commodious structure, furnished with a neat 
 gallery. This town was destroyed in the rebellion of 1641 : it 
 also suffered severely in the wars carried on in Ireland, in the 
 time of James the Second. The entrance into Tralee-bay, is 
 between two small islands called the Sampier Isles. It is not 
 much frequented by vessels, being rather shallow at low water; 
 but vessels of light burdens can sail up to the town at high 
 water. Prodigious quantities of herrings are taken in this bay 
 in the fishing season. On one side of the bay, there is a fine 
 chalybeate spring, flowing from a small bank of yellow clay, 
 mixed with gravel. Tralee returns one member to the Imperial 
 Parliament. The roads from Castle Island and Killarnt* 
 unite on the left; two roads is.sue from this town, one leadin^j^ 
 to Castlemaine, and the other to Dingle ; on this side of th« 
 fifty-one mile stone, are situated the ruins of Anagh church on 
 die ri^ht. 
 
KEW TRAVBLIEH's ftUTDE 
 
 To Castlemaine^ hy Tralee, 
 
 ^ ^'^^^"^ 
 Trallee . . . . 1 144| 
 
 Castlemaine . . , . j 152| 
 
 Parishes in the Barom/ of Corkaguinny. 
 
 Annagh, Kilguaiie, Garfinagli, 
 
 Ballinacoutry, Kinnard, Kildrum, 
 Ballinvohir^ Stradbally, Minard^ 
 Dunorling, Ventry, Ballyduff, 
 
 Killeiny, Cloghane, Dingle, 
 
 Kilgobbin, Dunquin, Marhir. 
 
 Kilinelchedor, 
 
 At the fifty-six mile stone, a cross road from Castlemaine 
 unites on the left, and Kilgobbin church is situated on the 
 right ; at, the sixty-two mile stone is situated Bracklowne Inn ; 
 and the road from Killarney unites on the left : on this side of 
 ths sixty-five mile stone, lie the ruins of Minard castle to the 
 left. 
 
 Dingle^ — distant one hundred and sixty-six miles from the 
 Castle of Dublin, and seventy miles from Limerick, is plea- 
 santly situated at the bottom of a bay of the same name : it 
 has a barrack for a company of foot. Several of the houses 
 are built in the old Spanish fashion, with ranges of stone bal- 
 cony windows ; tliis town, having been formerly frequented by 
 vessels from that nation, for the double purpose of traffic and 
 fishing : it is deemed the most western town in Ireland. It was 
 formerly a place of very considerable trade, and still preserves 
 some feeble remnant of its ancient splendid commerce, in a 
 limited export of beef, butter, corn, and linen ; its civil goven- 
 ment is vested in a sovereign. It was incorporated by Queen 
 Elizabeth, who conferred on it similar privileges with those 
 enjoyed by Drogheda, with a superiority over the harbours of 
 Ventry and Smerwick ; which grant was confirmed by King 
 James the First, who renewed the privileges. All the surround- 
 ing country was formerly possessed by the family of Husscy, to 
 whom it had been granted by one of the Earls of Desmond. 
 The parochial church, dedicated to St. James, is supposed to 
 have been erected by the Spaniards : it was originally a very 
 splendid structure, a great portion of which has mouldered 
 
liito ruins : that part called St. Mary*s chapel, being only kept 
 in repair for divine worship. In 1580, a strong castle was 
 erected here, the vaults of which are now converted into a prison. 
 A monastery was founded here, which was a cell attached 
 to the abbey of Killeagh, situated near Castlemaine : It was a 
 borough previous to the Union. Dingle Harbour is about a 
 quarter of a mile wide at the entrance, but gradually enlarges 
 as it recedes from the projecting points, called Benbeg aiul 
 Benbane. There are soundings of from twelve to thirty feet 
 water, and it is perfectly land-locked from all winds. The 
 knight of Kerry has a beautiful mansion and highly cultivated 
 demesne in the vicinity of Dingle. About a mile from the 
 town, there is a vitriolic spa, and about the same distance, lie 
 the ruins of Burnham Castle, destroyed in the rebellion of 
 164<1. At the southern extremity of this barony, which is a 
 peninsula twenty-four miles long, and about eight miles broad, 
 are situated the Blasque Islands, twelve in number, four of 
 which are barren rocks, only frequented by prodigious flocks of 
 aquatic birds of various descriptions ; among the innumerable 
 tribes of the feathered race, which perch upon these sequestered 
 isles, is a very singular species of web footed bird, called the 
 Gourdet, about the size of a sparrow, and deemed an indige- 
 nous inhabitant of this place ; the flesh of which, when roasted, 
 is considered of a more delicate flavour than even that of an 
 Ortolon. The largest of this cluster, called Innisraore, is 
 about three miles long; here is a lofty mountain; there are also 
 the ruins of an old church, and some good arable groimds, 
 situated towards the north-east extremity of the island. The 
 next of this cluster in magnitude is called MacKeilane's Islani^ 
 and lies seven miles tvest by south, from Dunmore Head ; it is 
 so bleak and destitute of shelter, that it has been long since 
 abandoned by its former inhabitants ; here also are the ruins of 
 a very ancient church, a baptismal, and an hermit's cell, con- 
 sisting of a stone arch, so accurately united, without either 
 cement or mortar, that it admits no rain through the roof.— 
 Innisbeg, consisting of about 16 acres, is so fertile, that it 
 fattens about 30 bullocks every summer ; most of the young 
 cattle reared on these islands grow so wild, that their owners 
 are obliged to hunt them down, and kill them before they can 
 be carried away ; their hides, flesh, and tallow, sufficiently pay 
 for their pasture. All these islands are well stocked with 
 rabbits, whose only enemy, in this solitary wilderness, are the 
 kites and liawks, who devour vast multitudes of thebe feeble 
 unoffending victims. Four miles tc the west of the great island* 
 
NEW TEAVELLER's CiUlDS 
 
 rises a stnpentluous rock from tlie bosom of the ocean, which in 
 the spring and summer season, is covered with innumerable 
 myriads of sea fowl, collected hither for the purpose of hatching 
 and rearing their infant progeny. The peasantry of the 
 neigbouring district in the months of April, May, and June, 
 adopt similar means of destroying these birds as the Nortve- 
 gians do, for the sake of their feathers. An active peasant is 
 suspended by a rope, fastened at one end to a pole fixed in the 
 ground at the summit of the cliff, and thus descends to the 
 different fissures in the precipice occupied by the birds ; he then 
 silently twists their nccks^ and throws them into a bag fastened 
 to his side, until it is filled with the booty, thus obtained with 
 so much hazard ; on a signal given, by touching the rope to 
 which the bag is suspended, it is immediately hauled up by the 
 people stationed above for this operation, until the sportsman 
 detached on this perilous excursion becomes wearied, or the 
 birds, by some inadvertent alarm, are terrified, who imme- 
 diatly take wing and interrupt this terrific sport for the present. 
 Many hundred weight of feathers are annually collected in this 
 manner ; and strange to tell, few or no accidents have beeti 
 known to happen. The inhabitants of the isles of Arran, situated 
 in the bay of Galway, procure feathers from aquatic fowl in 
 a similar manner. On the road leading from Abbeyfeale to 
 Castle Island, Kerry County commences on this side of the 
 thirty-second mile stone from Limerick, where the counties 
 of Kerry and Limerick are divided by the river Feale. Here 
 the road for a considerable distance runs through a wild^ dreary 
 and desolate mountain. 
 
 Castle Island, — Distant one hundred and thirty-three miles 
 and a quarter from Dubhn Castle, and fort3^-three miles from 
 Limerick, though formerly deemed a place of strength and 
 considerable importance, is now a decayed, neglected and de- 
 populated village, destitute of any trade, and precariously exis- 
 ting by the; trifling sums expended by travellers passing on 
 to Tralee, or the lakes of Killarney, however it still retains 
 many visible traces of its former population. It wa?^ anciently 
 the shire and assizes town of this county, but since the period 
 of their being transferred to Tralee, it gradually sunk to its present 
 insignificance. Its ancient castle is supposed to have been built 
 by Geoffry Maurice, Lord Justice of Ireland, in the year 122G, 
 during the reign of Henry the Third, the ruins whereof still 
 exist. The river Mang, an inconsiderable stream, flowed 
 in a fosse excavated round its walls, over which draw-bridges 
 were constructed to communicate with the fortress. In 1345^ 
 
FOR ISELAN3. 
 
 311 
 
 tile castle was subdued by Sir Ralph Ufford, Lord Justice of 
 Ireland, who immediately executed the obstinate garrisson, who 
 held it in opposition to the crown, for the refractory Earl of 
 Desmond. In 1397, Gerald the Fourth, Earl of Desmond, 
 stiled the poet, is traditionally reported to have been murdered 
 in this vicinity. Queen Elizabeth granted this seigniory, extend- 
 ing twelve Irish miles in length, and ten in breadth, to the 
 family of Herbert. Its town-house, whose front forms an 
 arcade, within which stands a row of Tuscan pillars, is roofless 
 The barracks are spacious but unoccupied. Here is an assem- 
 bly room, and a few inns are decently furnished and tolerably 
 supplied. The parochial church is a neat plain structure ; a 
 charter school was opened herein 1762, very liberally endowed 
 by private liberality and individual munificence. The road 
 from Listowel unites on the right, and the road from Millstrat 
 unites on the left ; two roads issue from this town ; that on the 
 right leading to Tralee, already described, and the other on the 
 left runs to Killarney. At the forty-first mile stone, stand the 
 ruins of an old chuich on the left ; on this side of the forty- 
 third mile stone the road crosses the river Fiesk, and the ruin.^ 
 of an old church are situated on the left. At the forty -sixth 
 mile stone the road crosses the river Laune. A little beyond the 
 forty-eighth mile stone stands Mount Meredith on the right, 
 the charming residence of O'Donohue, Esq. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Magiinihi/. 
 
 Aghadoe, Killarney, 
 
 Aglish, Kllbonane, Molahiffe. 
 
 Killaha, Kilcummin, 
 
 Killarney, — Distant one hundred and forty-three miles and 
 three quarters from Dublin Castle, and forty-nine miles and 
 three quarters from Limerick, is a neat clean, and thriving 
 little town, composed of well built houses, exhibiting every 
 appearance of comfort, from the brisk demand of every neces- 
 sary requisite for the accommodation of the immense influx of 
 visitors who flock from all quarters, to view the unrivaled sce- 
 nery of its romantic lakes. Every encouragement is given by 
 Lord Kimare, its noble proprietor, to new settlers for its addi- 
 tional extension, of which indulgence, many industrious indi- 
 viduals avail themselves, and embark their capital in erecting 
 new houses, in so very rising a little colony, promising future 
 
KtW TRAVELLER'iS GUIDE 
 
 permanent advantages. The road from Cork unites on the 
 left, and the read from Tralee joins on the right ; two roads 
 issue from this town ; that on the left, whiding round the bases of 
 the stupenduous mountains of Turk and Mangerton, stretches 
 towards Kinmare, and the other on the right, runs by Milltown 
 and Castleraaine to Dingle. At the two mile stone from Kil- 
 larney of the road passing to Castlemaine, h'e the ruins of 
 Aghadoe, an ancient episcopal see, united to Limerick in 1663 ; 
 the only traces of this venerable structure which still remain^ 
 are a few fragments of the cathedral walls, and the mutilated 
 stump of an ancient round tower ; here also an abbey was 
 founded, respecting which, no other historical records are 
 preserved, but that Clodch grandson of Auliffe More O'Dono- 
 hue, who died in 1231, was buried in the abbey of Aghadoe. 
 At the five mile stone, the road from Tralee unites on the 
 right, and a cross road on the left leads to Dunlo castle. At 
 the ninth mile stone from Killarney, stands Milltown village, 
 distant one hundred and fifty-two miles and three quarters from 
 Dublin Castle; here the roads from Dunloe and Kilorglen 
 unite on the left ; a road issues on the right, leading to Castle- 
 maine, an inconsiderable village, distant one hundred and fifty- 
 two miles and a half from Dublin Castle, by the Tralee road, 
 and pleasantly situated on the river Mang, sufficiently deep for 
 vessels of about sixty tons burden to sail upon at high water, 
 up to the bridge ; here an ancient castle was erected, at the 
 joint charge of McCarthy More, and one of the Earls of Des- 
 mond, as a common bulwark between their respective territories ; 
 of which fortress, each chieftain was to hold alternate posses- 
 eion, and after the stipulated period of occupancy, to deliver 
 the possession to his successor for a similar limited time mu- 
 tually agreed upon. McCarthy More, according to the compact, 
 became the first inhabitant of the castle, and at the expiration 
 of the specified time, surrendered it to Desmond, who, in viola- 
 tion of this treaty, exclusively retained it, and would not admit 
 any of McCarthy's followers ever afterwards to re-enter the 
 castle. This fortress, thus fraudulently acquired, remained one 
 of Desmond's strongest fastnesses, until in the course of the 
 rebellion of 16 U, it was demolished by Ludlow. On the res- 
 toration, it wns reserved by the crown, and a constable appoint- 
 ed to guard it. This place conferred the title of Viscount on 
 the family of Monson, as it afterwards gave the title of Earl 
 to the family of Palmer, now extinct. The Bay of Castlemaine 
 is extremely wild, rocky, intricate and dangerous, which ren- 
 ders sailing to Castlemsine hiiibotir, sifuuted at the bottom of 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 313 
 
 tlie bay, a hazardous enterprise in tempestuous weather, and 
 therefore the safest course to be adopted, under such circum - 
 stances, is to steer direct, either to Dingle or Valentia. as iho 
 wind may chance to favour saihng to either port, both of whicli 
 places are equally sheltered, safe, and commodious ; here is ii 
 plain neat church situated on tlie right. The road from Tralec 
 unites on the right. A road issuing on the right leads to Dingle 
 already described. At the two mile stone, on the rond passing 
 between Killarney, and Kinmare, stands Cloughreen church to 
 the left; the distance thence to Kinmare is along the easterji 
 base of these immense mountains, whose lofty summits over • 
 shadow the dehghtful lakes of Killarney, which are encompassed 
 by their massy piles. 
 
 To Kinmare Town bi/ KillurncTj, 
 
 (Mi!e%) 
 
 Killarney, - - — 1433 
 
 Mucruss, - - - 2| 14.64: 
 
 Kinmare Town, - - - 9* 153\ 
 
 Parishes in the Baronij of Glaneronght, 
 
 Kinmare Town, Tuosita, 
 Kilgarvati. 
 
 Kinmare^ — Distant one hundred and fifty-five miles and a half 
 from the Castle of Dublin, is a small neat town, situated on tho 
 banks of the Kinmare river, at the bottom of a bay beaiing the 
 same name, which is about thirty miles long, and from three to 
 nine miles broad, abounding with spacious and secure harbour^^ 
 Here is a neat lodge, the property of the Marquis of Lands - 
 down. It frives the title of Viscount to the family of Brown. 
 The road from Cork unites on the left i two roads issue from 
 this town, that on the left winding along Bantry Bay, runs to 
 Bantry, and the other on the right, sweeps round the const to- 
 wards Valentia Bay. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of DunJcerron, 
 
 Kilorohnne, Knockane, Tcmplcnoe. 
 
 2 s 
 
HLW TRAVELLER'S GUIDE 
 
 This Barony takes its name from an ancient castle, situatecl 
 contiguous to the Kinmare river, which was the principal re- 
 sidence of O'Sullivan More. A few pleasant vallies and im- 
 proveable grounds, are interspersed through the stupenduous 
 mountains with which this Barony abounds. It gives the title 
 of Baron to the family of Petty. There is neither a town nor 
 H village of remarkable notoriety situated in this Barony; its po- 
 pulation is chiefly composed of scattered cottages, and some 
 hamlets lying along the coast. In a small island attached to the 
 parish of Kilcrohane, situated in this Barony, the abbey of 
 Aghamore was founded in the seventh century, by the monks 
 of St. Finbar, for canons regular following the rules of St. An- 
 gustin. This island, at low water, is united to the main land. 
 The walls of this venerable remnant of antiquity are so perpe- 
 tually bufFetted by the angry surges, that most probably they 
 must at no very distant period, yield to their irresistible hos- 
 tility. 
 
 Panskes in the Barony of Iveragli* 
 
 Cahir, Kilconly, Killinane, 
 
 Dromud, Killemlagh, Valentia Island, 
 
 Glanbehy. 
 
 This wild and mountainous Barony is a peninsula, bounded 
 by Castlemaine and Kinmare Bays, at the extremity of which 
 lie the Skeligs and Valentia Islands : a road issuing from Ken- 
 mare town, winds along its coast, until it reunites at Castle- 
 maine with the different roads concentering from the main 
 land at that point of junction ; there are neither towns nor villa- 
 ges in this dreary district. At Ballynaskelligs in this Barony, 
 an abbey for regular canons of the order of St. Augustin was 
 founded, but at what period is not recorded. This abbey was 
 removed to this more sheltered situation, from the Island of 
 Great Skelig, on account of lying too exposed, and the great 
 danger encountered in crossing from the main land. Here is 
 an holy well, dedicated to St. Michael, which is much frequent- 
 ed for its imaginary miraculous virtues on that saint's festival. 
 From the extensive traces of its ruins, now continually diminish- 
 ing, this abbey must have been a very magnificent struc- 
 ture. Qjieen Elizabeth granted a lease of it, with all its pos- 
 sessions, to John Blake, for a trifling annual rent, Irish cur- 
 rency. In Ballynaskellig Bay, is situated a cluster of islands, 
 the most considerable of which are named Skarif-dinish and 
 PtendufF, with others of minor consequence, but which all to- 
 
FOjR IRELAND. 
 
 S15 
 
 gether exhibit a pleasing group. Close to Bolus Head, stands 
 Puffin Island, so called from the multitudes of Puffins which 
 frequent it; it is a steep craggy rock, in the summit of which 
 there is a remarkable fissure. This island is well stocked with 
 rabbits. The Skeligs range in a direct line. The nearest of 
 these to the shore is called the Lemon ; it is a round rock, al- 
 ways above water, and ^consequently cannot be dangerous to 
 vessels sailing in this direction ; it is plontifully stocked with 
 all kinds of aquatic birds. The second or middle Skelig, is dis- 
 tant about six Irish miles from the shore; it is a rock 
 composed of a reddish kind of marble, and frequented by 
 myriads of Gannets, which nestle in no other spot on the 
 southern coast of Ireland but on this roc|c. There is also 
 another rock on the northern coast of Ireland whereon 
 they perch. In the spring and summer seasons, the pea- 
 santry resort hither to catch these birds, whose flesh they eat 
 in lent and on fast days, which they estimate to be only 
 fish. The persons who take this fowl, carry on a kind of traf- 
 fic, by exchanging two Puffins for a peck of oat meal ; but their 
 feathers constitute the principal profit. The great Skelig, 
 stands about nine Irish miles from Puffin Island ; it is a stupen- 
 duous rock, much frequented since the time of 8t. Patrick, by 
 devotees, to do penance, and perform other religious duties, 
 cither suggested by fancy, or enjoined by the confessor. In the 
 centre of the island? there is a flat cultivable spot, consisting of 
 about three acres. This island is surrounded with inaccessible 
 precipices, which awfully overhang the sea, hideouslj^ roaring un~ 
 derncath. There is only one narrow tract that leads to the sum- 
 mit of the cliff, whose ascent is so steep, difficult, and ten ific, 
 that few adventurers are fpund sufficiently hardy to attempt it. 
 In tempestuous weather, landing on this island is impracticable ; 
 it is hardly accessible, even when the sea is but a little ngitated. 
 There are only two landing places, the remaining portion be- 
 ing almost a perpendicular rock. On the flat part of the island, 
 elevated more than fifty yards above the level of the sea, there 
 are several cells supposed to have been chapels, situated conti- 
 guous to the scite of the old abbey ; round these cells, stone 
 crosses are erected, at each of which the pilgrims must repeat 
 a certain number of prayers, besides other peculiar orisons, 
 which are to be performed at each station. These pious rites 
 being duly perform.ed, the summit of the clifl' remains to be 
 ascended, a task which requires a portion of faith larger than 
 a grain of mustard seed to inspire the enthusiast with reso- 
 lution to encounter, whose nerves ought to be as firm as liis 
 superstitious frenzy is vehement, as the remaining portion i^f 
 
31G 
 
 KlitV TIIAVELLER's GUlDii 
 
 the penitentiary devotion is awfully terrific, the ascent being 
 partly through a cavity resembling the funnel of a chimney; tlie 
 obstacle of.squcesing through this barrel being surmounted, the 
 pilgrim arrives at a platform about eighteen inches broad, whose 
 tides slope down to the ocean; at the extremity of this flat space, 
 which, from its narrowness, may be denominated the Isthmus, 
 the ascent to a more elevated station is gained by climbing up 
 n smooth sloping rock, termed the stone of pain, from the ap- 
 parently unsurmoun table obstacle it presents to reaching its sum- 
 mit; this sloping ban ier is about twelve feet high, and the pe- 
 1 il of encountering it is most terrible, as the smallest slip would 
 precipitate the rash adventurer many fathoms on either side of 
 the Peninsula into the sea which environs it; this diflicult pas- 
 sage being safely ))erformed, the remaining journey to the pin- 
 nacle becomes less perilous, where are also two stations with 
 fixed stone crosses, which must be visited. The first is called 
 the eagle's nest, from its immense elevation. The second sta- 
 tion to be visited by the fanatic devotees, inspires sentiments 
 of honor ^t the immensity of the peril which remains to be en- 
 countered. This most awfully tremenduous enterprize is some- 
 times called the spindle, as fancy suggests, at other times the spit, 
 which is a long narrow fragment of the rock, ]:>rojecting from 
 the summit of this frightful clifP, and is accessible by a narrow 
 path two feet wide, and several yards in length. Here both 
 male and female devotees bestride the rock, and thus edge for- 
 wards, until they arrive at a stone cross, cut at the extreme end, 
 where a concluding Ave Maria and pater noster are to be re- 
 peated to complete the penance. The return is attended with 
 equal danger and difliculty. It is melancholy to reflect, that: 
 the ardent disposition of devotion, manifested by these deluded 
 victims of superstition of thus endeavouring to appease the creator 
 vX thcgreatc^t hazards, should not be sufficiently enlightened by 
 1 heir spiritual guides, to adopt a more rational moude of worshiping 
 the Deity, conformable to that spiritual purity enjoined in the 
 gospel dispensation. Reason must condemn that presumption 
 Svh.ich imposes, and regret the prevalence of that ignorant cre- 
 (hdity v. Inch implicitly obeys, so absurd an injunction. The ar- 
 tificial curiosities of the island are the cells, or chapels, whoso 
 circular arched roofs are eo eflectually joined without cement 
 cr mortar, as to be impervious to either wind, rain, or air. 
 } I( re are also wells of fresh water, which rise through the rock 
 f^cveral yards above the level of the sea ; their sometimes tasting 
 brackish, manifest the source whence they are derived. The 
 tea, about thib island, is ninety fathom deep. On the south west 
 
rOR IRELAND. 
 
 S17 
 
 coast of this Barony, lies the island of Yalentla, about fivo 
 miles long; the distance between this inland and the main land 
 is about half a mile wide, where the sea runs Aviih the rapidity 
 of a river, and is sufficiently deep for vessels to sail through at any 
 - time of the tide. Cromwell erected forts at each extremity of this 
 island, now fallen to ruins. Vessels may sail round the island, 
 and enter the harbour at cither end. It is a very fertile tract, 
 and deemed the granary of the county. In Queen Ann's wars, 
 it was annoyed by French privateers, wliich lay here secure by 
 keeping scouts })crpetually watching on the Island, as on the 
 centinai's giving notice to wbat end of the island a British ves- 
 •sel of war was approaching, the privateer directed her course 
 to the opposite extremity, and thus escaped. It confers the 
 title of Viscount on the family of Annesley. A reversionary 
 grant being made in the reign of James the First to Sir Fran- 
 pis Annesley, on the demise ef Sir Henry Power of Bersham, 
 in Denbighshire, constable of the Castle of Maryborough, 
 Knight Marshal of Ireland, Governor of Leix, and Privy 
 Counsellor, who was created Viscount of Valentia in 1620. 
 This Island gave the title of Viscount, to Donald M'Carthy-r 
 More. Valentia and Dingle harbours are deemed the safest 
 in this district. The most remarkable })laces in this particu^ 
 lurly singular district, being etched for the information and dif 
 rection of the curious, enlightened, and inquisitive inquirer, 
 that to subjoin a faint outline of the situation and prominent 
 features of the Lakes of Killarney, will not be deemed irrelevant 
 to the general design. 
 
 Lakes of Killarney. —ThesQ celebrated lakes, distant about a mile 
 fron) the town of Killarney, consist of three distinct bodies of water, 
 distinguished by tlie appellations of the iipper, the lower, and 
 Turk lake. The upper lake, lies embosomed by wild and stupen- 
 duous mountains. The lower and Turk lakes lie contiguous ta 
 each other, being only separated by a narrow peninsula, antl small 
 islands, between which run narrow channels navigable for boats ; 
 they are bounded on one side, by a lofty chain of mountains, and 
 ia the opposite direction, by an open and cultivated country, whose 
 surface is diversified by innumerable hills. These lakes are sup- 
 ])lied by the overflowings of other lakes in a more elevated situa- 
 tion, by rills from the adjacent mountains, and by rivers aug- 
 ipcnted in their long circuitous courses, by countless tributary 
 streams, before they discharge their waters into the lakes. The 
 clear and rapid river Laune, is the only outlet by which tha 
 surplus water is conveyed to ihc Athlantic Ocean, through th^ 
 Bay of Dingle, 
 
318 
 
 NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 Ftoss Bay is the place generally selected for embarkation 
 by the visitors making an excursion along these romantic lakes 
 at a quay situated under the castle walls : a different and more 
 agreeable route may be chosen, by such as prefer walking through 
 Lord Kinmare's delightful dimense, along the banks of the 
 river Peanagh, at the mouth of which river, they may com- 
 mence an aquatic excursion. Lord Kinmare has liberally sup- 
 plied a set of handsome and well equipped boats for the accom- 
 modation of strangers, each of which, with a proper compli- 
 ment of rowers, is under the direction of a sufficiently qualified 
 superintendant, to each of whom a specified gratuity is to be 
 given in proportion to the extent of the voyage; thus all im- 
 position is utterly precluded. From the frequency of violent 
 storms, to which these basons of fresh water are exposed, oars- 
 are preferred to sails, by being less exposed to the influence of 
 these sudden hurricanes, which descend in arching eddies through 
 the fissures of the circumjacent mountains. 
 
 The greatest danger to be apprehended in the navigation of 
 the lakes, is when the waters rise or sink considerably either 
 above or below their ordinary level ; as in the former instance, 
 many rocks usually elevated above the surface of the water dis- 
 appear, over whose summits a sufficient depth of water is not 
 accumulated to enable boats to sail over unmolested, and the 
 rocks are so numerous that their exact positions cannot be ac- 
 curately ascertained by the most experienced boat- men ; when 
 the waters subside considerably below their usual level, similar 
 effects result from a dissimilar cause, as the rock which hitherto 
 lay sufficiently covered with water for boats safely to sail over, 
 now GO nearly approach the surface, that they oppose a si- 
 riiiiar obstruction as that which arises from the over-swelling of 
 the waters. The shores about the lake in the vicinity of Ross 
 Castle, are flat and marshy, over which a causeway is con- 
 structed : a small canal, stifficiently wide to admit one boat, se- 
 j)arates the island upon which Ross Castle is erected, from the 
 main land ; across this canal a small bridge is constructed, at 
 the foot of which there is a large gate and a guard house to 
 protect the approaches towards the castle. The gate is regu- 
 larly closed at night. The castle is situated on a rock close to 
 the water's edge. The only existing remains of the original 
 edifice are a large quadrangular tower still perfect, with two 
 small circular flankers in a ruinous state. Contiguous to the 
 tower, stands a barrack fitted for the accommodation of two 
 companies of foot. The castle, with all the additional new buil- 
 dings necessary for the residence of officers, and other appen- 
 
rOR IRELAND. 
 
 319 
 
 dages attached to a military depot, constitute a very promi- 
 nent feature of the landscape from every part of the lower lake. 
 It is supposed to have been built by the powerful sept or tribe 
 of the O'Donoghoes, and was a place of considerable impor- 
 tance in the time of Cromwell, it having for some time succesful- 
 ly resisted the repeated attacks of General Ludlow, to whom 
 the garrison, consisting of five thousand horse and foot, final- 
 ly surrendered, having obtained more favourable conditions 
 than were usually granted in the ferocious and sanguinary re- 
 bellion of 1641. It was the last fortress that submitted to 
 the Parliamentary forces. — A governor is appointed over this 
 castle. 
 
 The island of Ross, previous to the falling of the stately oaks 
 by which it was covered, whose luxuriant masses of dark fol- 
 iage sloped down to the water's edge, appeared the most en- 
 chanting spot within the whole surrounding region ; however, 
 the destruction of its venerable forest could not strip it of all 
 its natural beauties, as the bold massy rocks crowned with yews, 
 and interspersed with shrubs and ever-greens, still afford so 
 enchanting a prospect as can only be changed with the revo- 
 lutions of nature. In this island, a copper mine has been ope- 
 ned, to the great profit of the undertakers ; at a short distance 
 from these mines,, there is a fine marble quarry, of which a 
 considerable quantity is annually manufactured for hearth 
 stones and chimney pieces ; but its principal consumption 
 seems to consist in the fabrication of tomb-stones, carried to a 
 considerable distance by the natives. This marble exhibits a 
 great variety of colours. The island of Ross separates the low- 
 er lake into nearly two equal divisions : here several wooded 
 little promontories overhang the lake, which prevent all pros- 
 pect of the distant scene, until a rocky point, situated at the 
 mouth of the bay is doubled ; then an extensive prospect of the 
 mountains, and a wide expanse of the lake are suddenly reveal- 
 ed, bursting into view. Several small islands appear at the 
 mouth of Ross Bay, the most remarkable of which is a rock 
 about twenty feet high, and on one side nearly perpendicular, 
 named O'Donaghoe's prison, which, according to traditionary- 
 report, was a place of punishment, reserved for all his rebelli- 
 ous, disobedient, and refiactory subjects ; and if the Irish char- 
 acter, in his days, was not of a more placid and gentle tempera- 
 ment than the present gent^ration of its irritable natives displayj^, 
 this barren rock must never have been destitute of violent antJ 
 ungovernable spirits for its inhabitants. 
 
 The delightful island of Innisfallen lies at a short distance 
 
.920 
 
 titW TRAA'ELL£r's GtJIDfi 
 
 from O'Donaghoe's prison, apparently covered with an imper- 
 vious forest, forming a verdant screen along its indented shore. 
 Through the openings of the natural lawns and enchanting 
 groves with which this island is so luxuriantly diversified, the 
 blue mountains on the south appear reading their lofty sunniiits 
 to the clouds, while the water of the lake is seen sparkling be- 
 neath their base. In the disposition of the grounds of this fas- 
 cinating island, the assistance derived from art can only be 
 traced in the formation of some shrubberies scattered among the 
 rocks ; here nature seems to have superceded any puny embellish- 
 ment which could be suggested by human contrivance — here 
 she seems to have engrossed all the decorations, to convince the 
 spectator, that she can descend to become methodical, as well as 
 sublime in her operations. The only admissable encroachment 
 which couM be made on its natural beauties. Was to run a gravel 
 walk round the island, covered with the umbrageous foliage of 
 the overshadowing trees, for the accommodation of occasional 
 visitors, who might otherwise be deterred in rainy weather from 
 visiting this interesting spot. A curious old yew springs from 
 the crevice of a rock, at once forming a commodious seat and 
 an agreeable shade, respecting whose imaginary virtues many 
 legendar}^ tales are gravely related by the credulous swains. 
 The timber on this island thrives more vigourously, and attains 
 a larger size than any on the neighbouring shores, and its na- 
 tural herbage possesses such an extraordinary quality for fatten^ 
 ing cattle, that its excellence is proverbial ; such unequivocal 
 indications demonstrate its fertility. The shore of Innisfallen 
 lying opposite to Ross, is low and shelving, and the numerous 
 rounded black stones rising above the surface at a considerable 
 distance from tlie land, indicate the shallowness of the water ; 
 the opposite shore exhibits a different feature of massy rocks, 
 rising twenty feet perpendicularly above the level of the water ; 
 the immense waves rolling in tempestuously, break with a tre- 
 menduous crash against the projecting cliffs, whose sound awfully 
 reverberates through the woods of the whole island. From the 
 shallowness of the shore on one side, and the steepness of the 
 rocks in the opposite direction, this island would be almost in- 
 accessible, were not these obstacles removed by the erection of 
 two quays, in sheltered situations; it is indented with numerous 
 coves and inlets skirted with lofty trees, exhibiting a beautiful 
 appearance from the water in all directions ; it§ superfices is 
 computed to contain twelve acres Irish plantation measure; 
 among all the islands situated in the lakes, Innisfallen is the 
 most frequented, not only by strangers, but even by the neigh- 
 
FOR IRELAND. 321 
 
 Ibpuriiig gentry, from the great vatiety of its superior attractions, 
 Ilere splendid entertainments are frequently given in all the 
 profusion of rural festivity, which is often protracted, through 
 the cool and chilly hours of night, until the next morning 
 sun's orient rays warn the votaries of the rosy god of the ne- 
 cessity of suspending all future indulgence in these intemperate 
 libations. About the close of the sixth century, an abbey wan 
 founded on this island by St. Finian the leper, son of Aiild, 
 king of Munster, which in aftertimes was appropriated to re- 
 gular canons, of the order of St. Augustin ; this abbey being 
 esteemed a terrestrial paradise, and a safe sanctuary, all the 
 treasure and the most valuable effects belonging to the neigh- 
 bouring inhabitants, whose habitations lay most exi)osed to the 
 plundering excursions of robbers, in these lawless times, were 
 deposited for security in the hands of its clergy. However, the 
 sanctity of the sacred edifice where this property v/as deposited 
 did not deter Moaldun, son of Daniel O'Donaghoe, from sacrc- 
 ligiously pillaging the abbey, and slaughtering the reverend 
 guardians ; but in revenge, God punished the arch robbei-, 
 in shortening his existence, as well as that of many of his accom- 
 plices by a sudden death. This is something like hanging a thief 
 for committing a felony, without restoring the stolen property 
 to the rightful owner. But the monks never failed in procur- 
 ing a heavenly advocate to espouse their cause, when ordinary 
 means proved abortive to secure these worldly treasures which 
 moth and rust might corrupt, and thieves break in and steaL 
 In 1320, Dermot McCarthy, king of Desmond, having been, 
 murdered at Tralee, was interred in this abbey. Queen Eliza- 
 beth granted this abbey, with all its extensive possessions, to 
 Robert CoUan, in fee farm for ever, by fealty only, in common, 
 soccage, for a trifling annual rent, Irish currency. The ruins 
 of this abbey prove it to have been very extensive, and the .spot 
 selected for its erection is most charming and enclianting; the 
 chapel attached to the abbey was converted by the noble pro- 
 prietor into a banqueting houoc, for the accommodation cf 
 strangers visiting the romantic scenes of Killarney. A book 
 comprising a sketch of Universal History to the year 430, 
 and from that period, more particularly describing and de- 
 tailing the affairs of" Ireland, to the time in which the 
 author flourished, was, according to Sir James Ware, written 
 by a monk of this abbey, and continued by another hand to 
 the year 1320. 
 
 Brawn or Rabbit's LJand, i^ the next in magnitudelo that 
 «f Inni5^fal]eil Iv tin. \(.\<i-v jjke; it U dr. nit.u e of any embclli?h- 
 
3^2 
 
 KEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 mcnt, and its being situated in the broadest part of the hikcTy 
 only renders it conspicuous ; when the trees with which it ha^ 
 been lately planted approach to maturity, its present bleak and 
 dreary aspect will exhibit a very pleasing prospect. In cros- 
 sing from Innisfallen towards the mountains, a wide expanse of 
 water unfolds itself to view ; and the various islands passed in 
 proceeding towards Glena-bay, successively display delightful 
 vistas. The line of mountainous shore intervening between 
 Glena point and the river Laune, forms a striking contrast 
 to the islands. That part of the Glena mountains which over- 
 hangs a bay of the same name, is thickly clothed with ancient 
 woods, partially seen from Innisfallen; the remaining portion 
 is destitute of timber, with the exception of a few oak saplins 
 thinly scattered among the rocks. The naked sides of this 
 mountain on a distant view, exhibit a tame uniformity, only 
 partially diversified by occasional variations in its hues, but on 
 a nearer approach, it displays a green livery of cultivated fer- 
 tility, while its extensive dusky heaths, interspersed with rocks, 
 are covered with innumerable herds, where the shepherd s soli- 
 tary cottage rears its humble head, and animates the scenery 
 by the introduction of such images as indicate the social resi- 
 dence and abode of man. In coasting down the lake, under 
 the mountain, its base near Glena-point is covered with im- 
 mense masses of huge rocks, which have fallen from the lofty 
 pinnacle of the superincumbent pile, while others appear sus- 
 pended and ready to yield to the first rude shock, and threaten 
 destruction to those sailing underneath. A little farther on, the 
 shore assumes a more uniform aspect, and the rocks present a 
 less threatening attitude. After passing a naked shore about a 
 mile in extent, a thick wood extending from the shore, and 
 stretching to a considerable distance up the neighbouring 
 heights, diversifies the monotonous uniformity of this rocky, 
 naked, and rugged coast ; at the skirt of the forest, a small pier 
 of rude stone is constructed on the brink of a streamlet, heard 
 gurgling through the trees, and here empties itself into the 
 lake. The sound of distant waters quickly attracts curiosity 
 to discover the spot whence it proceeds, to which a narrow- 
 path winding through the rocks and under-wood, soon conveys 
 the eager inquirer, where he beholds a beautiful cascade con- 
 sisting of three distinct falls, each receding a few feet behind the 
 other, of which the most considerable is about fifteen feet high ; 
 these different falls viewed at some distance from a rock placed in 
 the centre of the stream, assume the appearance of one uninter- 
 rupted cascade ; the water agitated among the rocks in its steep 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 823 
 
 descent down the mountain, is converted into foam, whose brilli- 
 ancy is augmented by the contrasted gloom of the impending 
 oaks, from whose brandies it appears to gush. This cascade 
 derives its name from O'SulIivan, an ancient potent lord of this 
 district. The lake under O'Sullivan's cascade, and all along 
 tlie coast, from Burnt Island to Benson's Point, assumes a solemn 
 gloomy aspect, occasioned by the projecting shade of the adja- 
 cent stupenduous mountains. 
 
 The coast sweeping beneath the base of Tomies mountain, is 
 gradually divested of its rocky ruggedness as it approaches the 
 river Laune. As this part of the lake is not distinguished for 
 either inti'icacy or variety, curiosity is soon cloyed, which iho 
 diversified variety presented by the river Laune contributes to 
 revive and gratify, the entrance to which is spacious, resembling 
 a bay, but difficult of access, in consequence of the various rocks 
 and sand bars situated at its mouth. The proper channel once 
 gained by the assistance of poles perpendicularly erected to 
 }X)int out the safest course, the rapidity of the stream hurries 
 on the boat with an impetuosity almost irresistible. The banks 
 of tliis river for a considerable distance, are steep and bold, then 
 gradually sloping, ultimately terminate in a broad open strand, 
 over which the expanded surface of the river ripples in a shal- 
 low stream, abounding with trout. This river assumes different 
 appearances according to the variety of the season, as vessels 
 of forty tuns burthen built on the banks of the lake for the 
 navigation of the sea, safely float over these places dftcr a heavy 
 fall of rain, which were fordable in the summer season. On re- 
 turning from the river Laune towards Ross, the northern coast 
 ought to be closely approached for the more accurately behold- 
 ing the lofty mountains, situated on the opposite side of the lake, 
 whose stupenduous pinnacles are the more conspicuous the far- 
 ther the spectator retires from tiieir base. Among tliese moun- 
 tains, Magillycuddy*s reefs are the most elevated peaks ; the 
 mountain beneath them bordering upon the lake is a part of 
 the Tomies mountain. Mahony's-pouit, thickly planted with 
 large trees, greatly contributes to diversify the tame uniformity 
 of the nothem shore ; at a small distance from this point, a 
 long neck of land projects into the lake, whicli materially con- 
 tributes to give intricacy and variety to the shore. From this 
 isthmus an extensive bay appears, bounded by hills, on which 
 many delightful seats are beheld at different elevations, en- 
 circled with plantations, which, when too closely approach- 
 ed, cease to display tliat high degree of cultivation which 
 jiflbrdcd such gratification when viewed at a distance; for 
 
324 
 
 K£W TRAVELLER'S GUIDE 
 
 die imaginary verdant lawns, supposed to slope down to 
 the margin of the lake, resume their natural form, and prove 
 to be only swamps and marshes, over-run with furze and 
 brambles; and these habitations which appeared to embellish 
 the shore, retire to their proper distance, and assume their ac- 
 tual position. Beyond this bay lies a flat shore, contiguous to 
 the river Denagh, which terminates the description of the wes- 
 lern segment of the lower lake. The eastern section may -be; 
 entered, either by passing through the narrow channel, which 
 separates Ross Island from the main land, or by rounding the 
 point of an island situated opposite Innisfallen. On coasting 
 along the shores of this Island, Glena mountain displays to the 
 spectator's view, not only the rocks and precipices exposed to 
 the broad part of the lake, but likewise the extensive forests 
 "which overhang the bay; then the craggy summits of the moun- 
 tains which environ the defile leading to the upper lake next 
 expand their bleak and dreary peaks; after these, Turk, Man- 
 gerton, and other mountains, forming the frontier chain, appear 
 piercing the clouds with their massy piles. The coast of Ross 
 Island, exposed to the broad part of the lake, is much more 
 diversified than the one which bounds the bay; its promontories 
 being bolder, its bays and inlets deeper, one of which nearly 
 penetrates across the island, and at high floods actually severs 
 it into two distinct portions. The beauty of this inlet, covered 
 with majestic oaks, surpassed the conception of the most glowing 
 imagination before it was stript of its verdant mantle of tufted 
 foliage, forming an impervious screen ; and even now its wild 
 and naked rocks, although deprived of their former lovely clo- 
 thing, still retain innumerable charms to fascinate the fancy. 
 In the interval between Ross and Mucruss, a multitude of Is- 
 lands are negligently strewed, some of which, consisting of naked 
 rocks, which have yielded to the constant attrition of the wa- 
 ter, display the most fantastic forms: one is denonimated 
 O'Donaghoe's Table, from its resting on four short pillars, the 
 centre basement being entirely corroded — another rock is called 
 the Horse, from the remote resemblance it bears to a coUossal 
 iigure of that animal in the attitude of drinking. The larger 
 islands composing the cluster, are generally clothed with a pro- 
 fusion of evergreens. The low and coarse islands are the 
 most extensive, on whose pasture cattle are grazed in the sum- 
 mer season, until a deficiency of grass or the inclemency of 
 the season rendei it necessary to procure them a better accom^ 
 modation. The flat marshy grounds lying on either bank of 
 the river Flesk, exhibit the most uninteresting prospect on the 
 
von IRELAND. 
 
 325 
 
 eastern bounclary of the lake ; still tlieir proximity to the lo% 
 mountains by which they are embosomed, contributes to diver- 
 sify the scenery. The coast of Mucruss, commencing at a little 
 stream which falls into Castlelough Bay, displays a chain of 
 I'ocks, covered with trees, as far as the eye can reach. The 
 rocks of this peninsula exhibit an infinite variety of the wild- 
 est irregularities, some of which being undermined by the con-' 
 tinual atcrition of the waves, appear suspended over the wnter, 
 while the traces of similar masses, which being deprived of a ne- 
 cessary support, yield to the pressure of the superincumbent 
 weight, are discernible. Those wliich fell into deep water 
 were swallowed up to be seen no more, while others. Avhich 
 tumbled into shallower places, form small islands aloi g th i 
 fthore, covered with the trees which clung to them in the * 
 descent, and some of whose roots appear exposed on the sumrr! t 
 of the rock, while their verdant branches extend along the sin- 
 face of the lake. The mansion-house of Mucruss appeais Vy 
 great advantage from the water. The numerous little inlets 
 and promontories with which this peninsula abounds, form a 
 most gratifying variety, and constantly engage attention. The 
 Cove at Juniper Island, is singularly romantic, being perfectly 
 land-locked, and completely sheltered from all winds, by steep 
 recks and tall trees; one side of another cove exhibits a 
 steep and lofty cliff of massive blue lime-stone, while the other 
 displays the deep brown stratified silicious shelving to the water; 
 on passing round the point of Camillan, the bay of Glena sud- 
 denly bursts upon the view, whose magnificent scenes command 
 universal admiration. Its length is about an English mile, and 
 its breadth is nearl}^ the same, but the various bays and pro- 
 montories with which it is indented. Tender its surflice apparently 
 more extended : on one side appears a mountain majestically 
 rising from the water's edge ; the opposite side displays a long 
 chain of low rocks, surmounted with trees ; in the centre, the 
 defile through which the river from the upper lake flows into the 
 head of tlie bay, reveals itself to view ; the trees growing along 
 the margin of the lake, along the base of the mountain, with 
 their united foliage, form an impervious and continuous shade, 
 swelling with the protuberance of the mountain, or sinking 
 with its glens,^and are only interrupted by sudden precipices 
 or huge projecting rocks ; — all is one universal sylvan scene, from 
 the mouth of the bay along the defiles, to the most distant part 
 of the horizon. In this immense forest, every gradation of 
 green is discernible from the silvciy luies of the a»h and willow, 
 to the deep verdure of the fir and yew; the variety and innu- 
 
NEW traveller's GUI RE 
 
 mcrable tints of this rich foliage reflected on the water, baffle 
 tlcscription. A wild path leads from the point of Glena to a 
 cottage situated at the head of the bay, on the verge of the 
 forest. In tracing its devious course, the imagination is be- 
 wildered with the rapid succession of the indescribable charms 
 it unfolds, either in penetrating the gloomy recesses of the 
 mountain beneath the rocky cliffs, or in its openings on the verge 
 of the wooded glen, where it displays a distant prospect of the 
 lake and islands: innumerable rills springing in the mountains, 
 unite their streams, which tumbling in cascades over the mossy 
 rocks, run foaming into the lake. The wildness of this deep 
 solitude is only interrupted by the gny appearance of a painted 
 boat cleaving the billows of the lake beneath, or the echo of 
 music, reverberated through the rocks and cavities of the 
 mountain, in admiration of whose delightful effects, no parties 
 visit this part of the lake unattended by musicians, (if it be 
 possible to procure them,) who are generally placed in a sepa- 
 rate boat^ observing such a distance that the notes softened 
 in their passage over the water, may more melodiously strike 
 the ear ; for which purpose the oars are only occasionally applied 
 to observe a proper interval ; the effect of music, under such 
 circumstiinces, is enchanting ; but whoever listens to the dying 
 cadence of the echoes, during the stillness of a moon-light 
 night, may be pronounced pre-eminently to enjoy the extatic 
 raptures excited by the power of harmony. The red deer, 
 still unprotected and uncontrolled by man, perpetuates its 
 species amidst its native forests, extended along the wilds of 
 Glena. The liberty of the chace is politely granted, at the 
 solicitation of strangers, but the precariousness of ultimate 
 success, and the expence incurred in the preparation, contribute 
 to prevent the frequency of its recurrence. The notice of a 
 stag hunt is therefore cheerfully received with that universal 
 acclamation which the gratification of public curiosity is calcu- 
 lated to inspire; on the appointed day, immense crowds assem- 
 ble ; every boat upon the lake is put in immediate requisition, and 
 if the small craft were found adequate to transport the eager 
 populace to the shores of Glena, the town of Killarney would 
 on that day be left destitute of inhabitants. On the d^y pre- 
 ceding this expected sport, an experienced person is despatched 
 up the mountains to search for the herd, and to watch its 
 motions in silent patience until the approach of night. That 
 deer most detached from the rest of its companions, is marked 
 as the object of pursuit, and is generally discovered at the dawn 
 of the ensuing morning near the spot selected for the night's 
 repose. Before the break of day, the dogs are silently and 
 
FOR IREtAND. 
 
 527 
 
 secretly conducted up the mountains, where they remain cou- 
 pled, until the firing of a cannon announces the arrival of 
 the party commanding the hunt at the foot of the mountain, 
 when the dogs are immediately uncoupled and let loose on the 
 track of the deer. The first effort of the deer, thus suddenly 
 alarmed, is to commence his flight across the summit of the 
 mountain, and thus escape across the open heath to some re- 
 mote and secure retreat ; guards previously stationed at proper 
 intervals along the heights, by their shouting, compel the ani- 
 mal to desist from this attempt, and force him to direct hi* 
 course towards the lake ; being thus hotly and closely pursued, 
 he sometimes bounds from cliff to c\iff, to avoid the blood- 
 thirsty hounds, roaring terrific at his heels ; all other hopes of 
 escape being now utterly extinguished, the only desperate choice 
 now left to be adopted, is either passively to submit to be tome 
 in pieces by his merciless pursuers, or commit himself to the lake* 
 In this agonizing perplexity, he once more casts an anxious 
 glance towards the mountains, but to gain them is impracticable ; 
 he surveys the forest, his late favourite abode, but it refuses 
 to shelter him, for now alas, it is pre-occupied by his inveterate 
 enemies, marshalled in all directions to impede his passage; 
 again he pauses, casts a look backwards, and beholds his des- 
 truction instant and inevitable : the moment is critical, the 
 last effort of preservation must be immediately executed, and 
 he desperately plunges from a rock into the lake; but hi^ 
 fate is determined, as he escapes one enemy only a few 
 minutes, to be siezed by another equally incompasvsionate and 
 relentless : his antlers prove his ruin, for the boatsmen sur- 
 round the unhappy victim, endeavouring to swim to the nearest 
 island ; secure him, haul him into the boat, and bear him away 
 in triumph. In this singular kind of chace much conftisiou 
 often ensues fi'om the keen emulation of the different boatslp 
 pursue the direction of the hunt, particularly if it approach 
 the upper lake, as many are entanglc<.l in the intervening rocks 
 and shoals placed at its entrance. To pursue the chase through 
 the woods usually ends in disappointment, as all prospect is 
 excluded by the density of the foliage; but whoever can 
 patiently remain for five or six hours stationary in a boat^ 
 seldom returns with ungratified expectations. The bay of Glena 
 affords the best salmon fishing on these lakes, which, with ail 
 the other fisheries, are leased at a moderate rent, on conditio^ 
 that every jwund of salmon must be sold in the town of Killarney 
 for two-pence as the maximum ; all sportsmen, however, are 
 freely permitted to angle on the lakes, and its contiguous rivers* 
 
328 
 
 NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 At all cntertiiiiimcnts friven on the lakes, salmon constitutes 
 the principal disli of the ban(juet. The men display great 
 address and expertness in dressing this fish, which they divide 
 into moderately large sized pieces, and roast on fresh cut twigs 
 of the arbutus tree, stuck into the ground* before a fire made 
 of dried leaves and rotton sticks. A small cottage consisting of 
 t vo rooms and a kitchen, is situated on the verge of the forest, 
 at the head of Glena-bay, with the use of which the pro- 
 prietor accommodates all visitors who wish to avail themselves 
 of the con veniencies it affords. The charming prospect it com- 
 mands and the advantages it possesses, are too attractive induce- 
 ments to select it as a place best adapted for refreshment 
 imd repose. The cow shore which bounds the bay of Gltjna, 
 next to Turk Lake, forms a delightful contrast to the bold fea- 
 tures which characterize the mountain ; its rocky promontories 
 and deep recesses are fantastically diversified and richly clothed 
 with forest trees, ever-greens, and shrubs, wildly intermingled 
 in boundless profusion ; the shattered rocks which lie strewed 
 along the shore, appear to have been detached from the masses 
 to which they originally adhered, not by aquatic attrition, but 
 by the expansion of the roots which protruded through their 
 fissures. Turk Lake may be entered either by Brickeen-bridge, 
 which connects Brickeen Island to the peninsula, or by coast- 
 ing round Dinis Island, following the course of the river which 
 flows into Glena bay ; each approach possesses peculiarly dis- 
 tinctive charms, but the entrance by the river suddenly bursts 
 into the lake, which displays an unexpected view of its widely 
 extended surface. The river, in the termination of its course 
 at the bay of Glena, is low, sluggish and sedgy; but it quickly 
 assumes a very different feature ; its banks become steep and 
 rugged, and the water constrained within narrower limits, rushes 
 with indignant impetuosity through these contracted barriers. 
 Its channel is rocky, intricate, and so narrow, that only on^ 
 boat can pass at one time, which seldom performs this short 
 voyage without repeated concussions. The impediment oppos- 
 ed by the rocks being surmounted, it is then hurried by the 
 current, with astonishing velocity, and in a few seconds, drifted 
 to a considerable distance into the open lake. This singular na- 
 vigation is rendered still more awful by the umbrageous foliage 
 of the trees growing on the lofty and craggy banks of the river, 
 whose branches so intermingle and combine, as to exclude the 
 solar rays, and impress a solemn dignity on the dazzling motion 
 of the torrent, whose terrific roar reverberates on the ear ; so sud- 
 den a transition from turbulence to tranquillity, so bewilders the 
 
rOR IRELAND. 
 
 529 
 
 astonished senses, as excites a momentary doubt of its reality, 
 which confusion, even the placid surface of the widely expand- 
 ed lake, on whose transparent bosom the boat now securely 
 floats, is inadequate to remove, until the disturbed imagination 
 recovers its accustomed tone. The entrance of the river into 
 the lake, is so enveloped by the tufts of trees growing along the 
 shore, that they conceal all traces of the passage, which circum- 
 stance highly contributes to encrease the delusion that the 
 voyage was affected by supernatural agency. Tua k, or the mid- 
 dle lake, is bounded on the south by Turk mountain, whence 
 it derives its name, and on ihe opposite side by the woods and 
 rocks of the Peninsula of Mucruss. It is about two Ennrlish 
 miles long, and something less than one mile wide ; this moun- 
 tain displays no steep precipices or deep glens, and although it 
 rises abruptly from the ivater, it is accessible at all points; a 
 great portion of it has been lately planted with a great variety 
 of foi:est trees best adapted to its soil and exposed situation, 
 which when arrived at maturity, will materially contribute to 
 diversify its surface, and adorn the landscape : the deep gloom 
 which the shade of this stupenduous mountain casts upon the 
 water expanded beneath its base, adds a solemn dignity to thfe 
 majestic grandeur of the scene. The Peninsula here exhibits 
 nearly a similar aspect to that which is presented by the oppo- 
 site side washed by the lower lake; its rocks are equally exca- 
 vated and undermined, of which the more massy fragments 
 have been detached and precipitated into the lake; nearly op- 
 posite the mines, an immense mass of rock and earth lias fallen, 
 which exhibits an extraordinary mixture of various mineral 
 substances. 
 
 Devil's Island, now situated at a considerable distance from 
 the shore, seems to have originally formed a portion of the 
 Peninsula ; the Turk and upper lakes are less exposed to the in- 
 fluence of storms than the lower lake, a circumstance that fre- 
 quently prevents passengers pursuing their voyage on its boister- 
 ous billows, which are sometimes so much agitated, as to render it 
 impracticable to repass it in crowded boats, while the waters of 
 the Turk present a smooth unruffled surface; the only alterna- 
 tive that can be adopted, is to land at the Peninsula, and regain 
 the town by this intricate and circuitous route. The hoarse roar- 
 ing of the surge dashing against the rock, the hollow murmur- 
 ing of the winds, and tlie gloomy aspect of tlie mountains frown- 
 ing through the clouds, contribute to increase the sublime 
 horrors of the storm. To behold the lake thus convulsed by a 
 tempest, mav become the source of sublinie reflections to a con- 
 
 2 V 
 
iiSO 
 
 NEW TRAVELLER*S GUIDE 
 
 tcmplative mind, delighted with a spectacle of nature^s wildest 
 disorder; but the deep shades of the mountains, and the images 
 of the rocks and trees distinctly reflected on the glassy sur- 
 face of the water, can only be enjoyed in calm and serene wea- 
 ther. 
 
 The Islands of Brickeen and Denis are thickly covered with 
 trees, over whose tops the majestic forests of Glena are clearly 
 distinguished, the whole forming a sylvan scene unrivaled hi 
 richness and variety. Denis Island is much resorted to by parties, 
 for the great diversity of prospect it affords, and the wild roman- 
 tic beauties with which it abounds. On coasting round its 
 shores, Turk lake, the bay of Glena, and the rapid river issuing 
 fron) the upper lake, successively burst upon the view. The 
 tumultuous dashing of the current against the rocks, and the 
 roaring of the surges re-echoed through the woods of the is- 
 land, add considerably to the wild charms of this delightful 
 retreat. The rapidity with which the current rushes through 
 the Weir Bridge, forms a serious obstacle to the ascent of the 
 boats, against the impetuosity of the stream, to the upper lake ; 
 this impediment, which cannot be counteracted without consider- 
 able efforts, causes much delay. In descending these rapids, 
 and shooting the bridge, coolness and dexterity are equally re- 
 quisite, as vigour and perseverance were in the ascent ; the bridge 
 consists of two arches, one of which is only passable for boats ; 
 at an inconsiderable distance above the bridge, the river assumes 
 a placid and serene appearance; in its course from the upper 
 lake, its ordinary breadth when not flooded, is about fifteen 
 yards, except where the channel is contracted between the pro- 
 jecting rocks, when it becomes so narrow as only to admit one 
 boat at a time ; its course is very devious, sometimes winding 
 close to the base of the mountains, under immense masses of 
 rocks, and in other places, meandering through the plain, or 
 dividing into different branches, which after forming innumer- 
 able little islands, again reunite. This passage affords an in- 
 conceivable variety of delightful prospects, which would escape 
 unnoticed without navigating the strait- Among the mountains 
 which rise on each side of the valley through which the river 
 winds its course, the one known by the name of the Eagle's Nest, 
 is the most distinguished for grandeur and sublimity ; the ex- 
 haustless diversity of wild variety these mountains exhibit, con- 
 stitutes a source of uninterrupted gratification, either in survey- 
 ing the immense precipices, or deep glens overhung with woods, 
 through each of which flows a mountain stream, and every stream 
 tuppUes a cascade, many of which appear in indescribable beau- 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 S31 
 
 ty, sparkling through the trees which overshadow the gloomy 
 hoarse murmer of the rumbling torrent. The distance from the 
 Old Weir Bridge to the upper Take, is about three English miles; 
 this interval consists of low swampy marshes extending from 
 the banks of the river to the foot of Glena mountain : numerous 
 herds of cattle are grazed in this valley, whose varied groups 
 contribute to diversify the charms of the rural scenery: some are 
 descried quietly cooling themselves in the little pools scattered 
 among the rushes, others peaceably reposing on the grassy sur- 
 face, while many of a more rambling and enterprizing disposi- 
 tion, may be discovered adventurously scrambling the moun- 
 tain's steep and craggy brow. The lowing of these animals 
 occasionally produces most astonishing effects, from a variety 
 of echoes, for which this spot is pi'e-eminently distinguished. 
 The most singular object on this river is a lofty cliff, called the 
 Eagle's Nest ; it is a most stupenduous and frightful rock, which 
 stands at a sudden narrow turn of this watery defile ; its front to- 
 wards the water displays a most horrible precipice, whose sides 
 represent a pyramidical figure, lined with trees from bottom to 
 top ; the precipice fronting the water impresses the spectator, 
 who must sail close under its base, with miugled sensations of 
 terror and admiration : the exact position of the Nest is distinct- 
 ly marked by an horizontal fissure, representing a pair of large 
 extended wings : this cliff forms a termination to a short range 
 of mountains, which run in this direction across the course of the 
 river; these mountains are partly visible from the bay of 
 Glena, and the opposite shores of the lower lake, but the wild 
 magnificence of the cliff, its immense rocks, and graceful pen- 
 dant woods, cannot be accurately distinguished at a greater dis- 
 tance than about two hundred yards. The water is considerably 
 delated beneath the base of this cliff, and being well sheltered, 
 presents a dark and glassy surface, on which the rocks and trees 
 are beautifully reflected. The power of language is incompe- 
 tent to convey an adequate idea of the extraord injury efiect 
 caused by echoes under this cliff, whether they repe^it the mel- 
 low tones of music, or the discordant roar of cannon : here en- 
 chantment seems to have realized its sovereign sway, while the 
 votaries of harmony are absorbed in a rapturous exstacy of 
 astonishment and delight. On the report caused by the discharge 
 of a cannon, the echoes reverberated through the mountains 
 and lofty precipices, assimulate to a loud and violent peal of 
 thunder rolling along the pinnacles of the mountains, and pro- 
 portionally decreasing in power with the increased distance of 
 the 1111]=^,, which successively receive the youiul, and when nr^- 
 
332 
 
 KEW TllAVEIXEIl's GUIDE 
 
 parently dying away, it suddenly revives, and assails the cars 
 iVoni a different quarter, with such renovated vigour as surprises 
 and astonishes. The thunder of heaven alone, can surpass the 
 echoed report of an exploded cannon in some particular situa- 
 tions selected in this hollow, intricate, and sequestered vd ley. To 
 enjoy the echoes produced by music to the best advantage, the 
 performers shoukl be stationed on the banks of the river, about 
 fifty yards below the base of the cliff, and on the same side, 
 while the auditors excluded from their view, should be placed 
 on the opposite bank, at an inconsiderable distance above the 
 cliff, behind a projecting rock : the sweet and softened sounds 
 re echoed from the bosom of these lofty winding hills and pre- 
 cipices, so assail the ears from all points in succession, as if 
 various instruments were playing in concert at different posi- 
 tions and elevations. The course of the river from the Eaglets 
 Nest to the upper lake, is very intricate, and much incumbered 
 with rocks and shoals, which greatly impede the progress of the 
 navigation; the wished for scene is impatiently expected at every 
 turn, but one short reach of the river succeeds another, bound- 
 ed by prejecting rocks, beyond which nothing apfjears but dis» 
 tixnt mountains. The boat at length arrives at a small basin, 
 c ncompassed with rocks, through which several outlets appear ; 
 the widest passage corresponding with the course of the river, is 
 naturally supposed to lead to the long wished, and eagerly 
 sought object; but here, to the astonishment of the stranger, the 
 boat is suddenly put about, and directed through a narrow pass 
 barely sufficient for its admission ; this strait leads to the upper 
 lake, whose most distant shores, with the immense mountains 
 which encopipass them, instantaneously burst upon the view. 
 The strait is called Coleman's Eye, in commemoration of a le- 
 gendary hero of that name's imaginary exploit, who, in the 
 eagerness of the chase, or in the keen pursuit of an enemy, 
 leaped across the chasm, and left an indelible impression of his 
 feet on the spot where he alighted. The upper lake is situat- 
 ed in the midst of a vast amphitheatre, formed by stupenduous 
 mountains, which encompass it in all directions, and display 
 the most wild and romantic scenery : the pinnacles of the 
 mountains are more elevated, the glens are deeper, the forests 
 more extensive and of older growth, the rivers larger, and 
 their flills more lofty and precipitate. Among these massy 
 piles, Macgillycuddy's rocks stand pre-eminently conspicuous ; 
 this range of mountains is visible from the lower lake, but 
 on a nearer approach from the upper lake, they exhibit 
 very different aspect, instead of an assemblage of comical 
 
rotl IRELAND). 
 
 233 
 
 peaks, whicli a distant prospect pn-escnted, they now, on closer 
 inspection, display a long narrow craggy ridge apparently re- 
 duced like a wedge at the summit, which when exiimincd, 
 is found actually not less narrow than it appears from be- 
 neath. Tlie height of these mountains is about tf-rce thou- 
 sand feet; they are often obscured by clouds, a circum- 
 stance which adds to the general gloominess which prevails in 
 these wild and sequestered regions. On entering the upper 
 lake, the numerous islands profusely sciittcred through its ex- 
 tensive surface in all directions, present to the view ledges of 
 ix)cks, some bleak and terrific, while others exhibit a less 
 savage aspect : most of these islands, though apparently con- 
 sisting of solid masses of stone, are adorned witli a profusion 
 of trees and ever-greeny among which the Arbutus predo- 
 minates. The vastness of the mountains, and the majestic 
 ruggedness of the shm^es, dispkiy the solemn dignity of the 
 most sublime object that can arrest the fancy, and inspii-e 
 sentiments of astonishment, terror and admiration. The Ar- 
 jbutus flourishes on all the lakes and shores of Killarney, 
 but in the woods of Glena, and on the islands of the up- 
 per lake, it attains a larger size, and its line mellow green, 
 intermingled with a miscellaneous foliage of ligiitcr tints and 
 different hues, adds a variety and richness to the sylvan scene; 
 and its scarlet clustered berries, pendant over the dark rocks, 
 produce a most striking and pleasing contrast. Among the clus- 
 ter of islands situated at the western extremity of the lake, 
 that called Ronayns appears the most conspicuous, where a 
 cottage is erected for the accommodation of visitors ; a gravel 
 walk commencing at the landing place, winds by the cottage, 
 and thence round the rocks, leads to a natural terrace, situated 
 on the summit of the island, elevated nearly forty feet above 
 the level of the lake; the wildness and variety of the propect 
 descried from this spot, transcends the power of language 
 to delineate. In this vast amphitheatre of dreary solitude, no 
 vestige of human industry, no habitation announcing the busy 
 scenes of social life, distract the imagination from the sublime sen- 
 sation and rapturous emotions inspired by the contemplation 
 of this sequestered and alpine region. From this spot, the lake 
 is descried, in all its intricate windings, studded with islands, 
 and bounded by immense mountains, whose bases are frinofd 
 with forests, which extend a considerable distance up their 
 steep and craggy sides; the shores of this lake arc deeply in- 
 dented by numerous wooded and rocky j)rouiontories, bays, 
 
^■Lw traveller's guide 
 
 inlets, and creeks, of which the most considerable is that named 
 Newlbiirulland at the eastern extremity of the lake ; the en- 
 trance to it is very contracted, and is defended by two per- 
 pendicular cliffs ; these barriers being passed, a great expanse 
 of water is suddenly exhibited to the view, which from its mag- 
 nitude might be appropriately denominated a fourth lake. On the 
 right of this inlet, a steep overshadowing cliff abruptly rises, 
 covered with straggling trees; on the opposite side it is bound- 
 ed by masses of bleak rock, and an oaken forest occupies the 
 centre space, through which a river flows, accessible to boats 
 for an inconsiderable distance. Along the banks of this river 
 an irregular path winds, rendered dark and gloomy by the 
 thick foliage of the trees, until at about half a mile's distance, 
 an open space suddenly appears, discovering a few cottages 
 surrounded by small enclosures. The sound of falling water 
 abruptly assails the ear, and on turning towards the mountain, 
 a beautiful cascade is discovered beyond the trees at the head 
 of the glen ; the fascinating attractions of this retreat absorb the 
 soul into a temporary absence of all other considerations, and 
 is totally rivetted on the novel objects, excluding every other re- 
 flection ; no traces of human industry are discernible beyond 
 the precincts of this solitary little hamlet, which is encircled by 
 forests f.nd mountains, whose inhabitants seem to be absolutely 
 excluded from all intercourse with their own species : here the 
 plough never imprinted a furrow; the rude agriculture is exe- 
 cuted with the spade, and the redundance of the produce is 
 conveyed on horses' backs to the nearest and best market, along 
 the rough and craggy path which winds along the borders of 
 the stream. The inlet which receives the river of Dorrycunni- 
 hy under Coffin.point, displays a wild and romantic aspect : the 
 cascade on this river is the most magnificent on the confines of 
 Killarney, and is situated in the recesses of a thick forest, 
 which conceals it from the lake. The numerous rocks and 
 thick entangled underwood, render its approaches difficult. 
 The water is first discovered, gushing out between two rocks 
 at a considerable distance up the mountain, which, after a fall 
 of about thirty feet, widely expands, sparkling between the 
 foliage and rocks, so that each tree and rock appears to yield 
 a distinct springing fountain ; these numerous rillets, after some 
 devious rambles, reunite, and are collected into a deeply exca- 
 vated cavity of the rock, whence the water impetuously rushes 
 through a contracted channel, descending in a sheet of white 
 foam, to the woods which lie beneath, where also another cascade 
 
roil IRELAND. 
 
 335 
 
 is formed ; then the river tumbles violently over a ledge of rocks 
 into the lake. Minutely to describe every bay and inlet, every 
 glen and cascade, with which this lake abounds, would be 
 merely reiterating a similar echo of rocks, mountains, woody, 
 and rivers, in language inadequate accurately to discriminate 
 the delicate varieties which might diversify description, without 
 fatiguing the reader. The shores of the upper lake exhibit 
 no extraordinary contrasts between the verdant lawn and 
 russet heath, the graceful grove and entangled forest ; beauties 
 with which the boundaries of the lower lakes are so enchant- 
 ingly chequered and diversified. The shores of the upper lake 
 display an unvaried scene of savage wildness of the hollow 
 glen, and gloomy mountain ; the remoteness of its situation, 
 the uncertainty of the climate, and the difficulty of procuring 
 accommodations on its solitary confines, preclude an accurate 
 examination of its rude majestic grandeur. To explore all the 
 native curiosities of this lake can only be accomplished by a 
 patient perigrination round its shpres, and by pursuing the 
 course of its different creeks and inlets ; an undertaking attend- 
 ed with toil and difficulty from the ruggedness of the ways, 
 the steepness of the intervening mountains, and the depth and 
 rapidity of the torrents : as each of the lakes exhibits a peculiar- 
 ly distinctive characteristic feature ; the preference of particu- 
 lar beauty attributable to either lake, must be decided by indi- 
 vidual taste, as the fancy may happen to be gratified with the 
 different aspects presented in a series of aquatic excursions. 
 The lakes being now traversed, and the beauties of their islands 
 being inspected, a sketch of the stupenduous mountains which 
 incircle these romantic lakes, constitutes an essential ingredient 
 of the description. Of these mountains, Macgillycuddy's reefs 
 are deemed the most elevated, and are supposed to be the 
 loftiest peaks in this island ; the ascent to these lofty regions 
 commences near Dunlo Gap; the approaches in many places 
 are almost inaccessible, as some of the perpendicular cliffs can 
 only be scaled by the aid of oak saplings growing through 
 their fissures ; the summit of the nearest peak thus gained after 
 much peril and fatigue, appears less encumbered with rocks 
 than the valley beneath, and is covered with heath and coarse 
 grass as far as the sight can extend in all directions ; on which 
 innumerable herds of cattle are grazed. Beyond thijb rock, 
 another peak rears its rugged and majestic head, generally 
 shrouded in a cloud ; the ascent to this pinnacle is not so steep 
 as that to the first mountain, but is rendered very ttdioiis 
 
'326 
 
 KEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 and laborious by numerous masses of loose rocks, in many 
 places impeding the passage, and by deep rents in other places; 
 both of these obstacles must be cautiously avoided ; the passage 
 from the first peak to the summit, may be effected in about two 
 hours. Tiie eagles are the only inhabitants of these lofty soli- 
 tudes ; who appear greatly alarmed at any occasional intrusion 
 of their airy territories, as they boldly hov€r around the in- 
 vaders in considerable groups, as it were to spy their inten- 
 tions ; but they may rest in full security that no human being 
 can ever make any permanent settlement on these alpine rocks, 
 selected by nature for their exclusive residence, from whence 
 no efforts of man's devices can ever dislodge them. The craggy 
 summit of this peak displays a prospect which amply remune- 
 rates all the previous toil endured to attain it. On one side 
 there lies a vast precipice, beyond which other immense moun- 
 tains arise, extending towards the Atlantic Ocean, whose expanse 
 is only bounded by the horizon. The opposite view unfolds a 
 wide extended range of inland country, beautifully chequered 
 with rivers, lakes, forests, habitations, and improvements ; 
 among which variety of objects, the Lakes of Killamey, form 
 the most conspicuous feature for magnitude and extent. From 
 this pinnacle commanding so sublime a prospect, another peak 
 is descried, apparently more elevated, it is named Gheraun Tuel: 
 but impervious in this direction from the intervening precipices. 
 The ridge of the middle peak resembles a wedge, the edge of 
 which is so narrow, that a pebble may be dropped at the same 
 instant by either hand, into the deep precipices which this ledge 
 separates. It is composed of sharp siliceous rocks, placed on 
 sloping layers of soft argillacious schystus, or sand-stone; by 
 the decomposition of the softer substances, gradually moulder- 
 ing by the incessant action of the mists and vapours, which 
 predominate in these elevated regions, the siliceous rocks 
 become undermined, of which, large masses sometimes tumble 
 down the mountain's steep and rugged sides, with an awful 
 crash, involving every impediment opposed to their descent in 
 a mass of indiscriminate ruin ; fortunately there are no habita- 
 tions in the valleys thus exposed to such tremenduous visita- 
 tions : but sometimes whole herds grazing in the plains are 
 buried under these dissevered masses. A few loose stones 
 overturned at the edge of the precipice, will, in their descent, 
 accumulate such force, as to set all the intervening loose rocks 
 in motion, from whose mutual concussion tumbling down the 
 * teeps, no sounds are heard on the piimaele of the mountain 
 
3F0R IRELAND* 
 
 337 
 
 for a considerable time, but a tremendous crash, resembling a 
 loud peal of thunder, succeeds this momentary silence ; the 
 sound thus caused, is re-echoed for a considerable time, from 
 mountain to mountain, among which, when it is apparently 
 dying away, it bursts with redoubled vigour from the abyss 
 beneath : among these rocks, some beautiful groups of crystal 
 are sometimes discovered. Gheraun-Tuel so seldom explored 
 by the most prying curiosity, is the most elevated peak in these 
 alpine regions, as already premisedc Its crest is composed of 
 grey-horn stone, horn-slate quartz, felds-par, and a pale red 
 porphyry, all extremely hard, and exhibiting no appearance 
 of decomposition. The pinnacle presents a smooth area nearly 
 circular, and about thirty feet in diameter, uniformly sloping 
 on every side. In one direction, there is a distinct view of 
 Dingle Bay, and the whole intervening coast ranged towards 
 the river Shannon. The opposite side discloses Kinmare river, 
 Bantry Bay, and all other remarkable points situated in that 
 section. The intenseness of the cold on this elevated bleak 
 peak, quickly warns the necessity of a speedy departure. This 
 mountain may be descended by two routes, the one tedious and 
 circuitous, the other sliort and hazardous, interrupted by a 
 precipice which necessarily must be crossed, an undertaking 
 apparently impracticable, for which the experience of a guide 
 finds an expedient, who composedly seats himself on that por- 
 tion of the precipice, which presents a plain surface to the 
 bottom, slides along, occasionally checking the rapidity of his 
 motion by holding the long tufts of grass growing through 
 the crevices on either side. This mode is adopted at all the 
 intervening precipices of a similar description which obstruct 
 the descent, until the bottom of the mountain is reached by 
 this expeditious but terrific kind of posting. The mountain 
 which next approaches these peaks in altitude, is Mangerton, 
 situated to the south-east of Turk Lake ; the summit of this 
 mountain is rendered accessible by a road circuitously winding 
 along its sides, and therefore is generally visited from an eager 
 curiosity of beholding a very singular lake, called the Devil's 
 Punch Bowl, situated within three hundred yards of its summit, 
 and remarkable for the clearness and intense coldnessof its water : 
 it is about a quarter of a mile in diamiter, and immensely deep, 
 erroneously deemed unfathomable; in that part of the Bowl 
 next to the Turk Lake, there is a chasm of equal depth with 
 the circular sides above the lake, through which, the superfluovis 
 ^Yaters are discharged, forming a most delightful cascade in 
 
338 
 
 N£W traveller's GUIDE 
 
 their descent along the sloping side of the mountain. The 
 summit of Mangcrton displays an immense plain, covered with 
 coarse grass and heath ; its surface consists of a porous spongy 
 tubbtance, totally destitute of rocks, and is penetrable to a very 
 great depth. The recurrence of fogs and mists is so frequent, 
 that many curious wanderers are bewildered in their devious 
 perigrinations ; in such a perplexity, the safest course to be 
 adopted, is to remain stationary, particularly at the approach 
 of night, rather than to encounter the numerous precipices 
 with which this desert is environed. In this terrible dilemma, 
 the loss of a night's comfort, and the inconvenience of being 
 drenched by the wet mists of a cold and a dreary night under 
 the broad canopy of heaven, are evils less to be dreaded than 
 the probability of being shivered to atoms in some tremenduous 
 gulph, obscured by the gloom of night. There are some con- 
 siderable lakes situated in various directions along the extensive 
 base of Mangerton, of which. Lough Etaim is the most con- 
 siderable ; it is of an oval form, and about a mile in length, 
 beautifully interspersed with many pleasant little islands. All 
 these different lakes, by their connecting tributary streams, 
 contribute to supply the lakes of Killarney, many of which, 
 environed by vast precipices, merit particular attention and 
 minute inspection. Mangerton abounds in a more extensive 
 variety of mineral productions than any other of the coiw- 
 tiguous mountains. In the vicinity of the Punch Bowl, towards 
 the summit of the mountain, various specimens of argillaceous 
 schistus are discovered, the colour of which is generally of a 
 yellowish hue, much decomposed, and separable into minute 
 splinters. In the excavations made by the torrents lower down 
 the mountains, whet-stones of the finest grain, and applicable 
 to the nicest purposes, have been discovered bedded in yellow 
 clay; argillaceous upland iron ore is very abundant, as also are 
 )*ed and brown iron stones : in various places specular iron ore 
 is found adhering to quartz; numerous siliceous stones, but no 
 calcareous substances are observable in the boundaries of these 
 mountains. The relative elevations of Turk, Tomies, and 
 Glena, are nearly similar, and among the mountains situated 
 on the confines of the Upper Lake, the Purple-mountain and 
 the Sugat-loaf, approach the nearest in magnitude to the 
 Magiily cuddy peaks. In the catalogue of rare indigenous 
 plants, digested by the indefatigable industry of Doctor Wade, 
 that celebrated Botanic professor to the Dublin Society, the 
 mountains of Kerry appear to afford the greatest variety. The 
 
FOR IRELAND, 
 
 339 
 
 professor's authority is implicitly to be relied on, as he has in- 
 serted no plant in his collection that he has not personally 
 discovered in his laborious researches. — See the Transactions of 
 the Dublin Society^ 1804, Wild and dreary as the western 
 mountainous district of the County of Kerry may appear to 
 be, it can nevertheless exhibit a numerous, hardy, and indus- 
 trious population, chiefly occupied in pasturing numerous herds 
 of cattle, fi'om the produce of whose milk a great portion of 
 most excellent butter is produced, which is exported from Cork 
 and Limerick to every civilized region of the universe, lliese 
 wild and dreary tracts are not measured by acres, but parcelled 
 out by the lump, of which, their respective portions are alloted 
 to the different families constituting the common firm, or 
 partnership, who thus become conjointly responsible for the 
 particular shares into which the original holding is subdivided; 
 where grazing only can be followed, many advantages must 
 acrue from the prevalence of such a practice : it supercedes the 
 necessity of multiplied superintendence, and prevents squabbles 
 about boundaries, where the benefit derived from their existence 
 would not defray the cost of their erection. This County was 
 formerly remarkable for a small but beautiful breed of black 
 cattle, which is gradually yielding to a larger race, which the 
 spirit of innovation is substituting in its room ; so that the real 
 Kerry cow is now rarely to be found, except upon the moun^ 
 tains bordering upon Bantry Bay. The size of this animal 
 scarcely exceeds that of an ordinary yearling calf, and it is the 
 opinion of many intelligent inhabitants, that this hardy diminu- 
 tive race was better adapted to the nature of the soil and 
 circumstances of the country : the abundance and richness of 
 the milk yielded by these little animals is astonishing. Im- 
 mense herds of goats brouse on these mountains, whose milk is 
 consumed by the peasantry, as the coarse butter it produces is 
 unfit for the export market : the rambling disposition of these 
 creatures, ranging through the mountains to a considerable dis- 
 tance, where their white dots are only discernible, would 
 render it almost impossible for the owners to collect them to the 
 milk-pail, were it not for the assistance derived from their dogs. 
 At the usual milking time, in the evening, the woman moves 
 deliberately from the cottage, accompanied by two little dogs, 
 casts a look round the mountains to discover whei o the herd took 
 their station, which, at the moment, are perhaps brousing at the 
 distance of some miles ; she then points it out to the dogs, who, 
 on the signal, run off at full speed ; she in the meantime lays 
 
S40 
 
 KEW traveller's guide 
 
 down her pails, find patiently waits the return of her faithful mes-» 
 sengers, sitting on a stbne ; after a short interval, the herd on 
 the mountain is descried in full motion, collected in a compact 
 body, and quickly skipping down its declivity; and in less 
 than an hour, the whole herd is collected about the cottage 
 door ; should any prove refractory, and betray an inclination to 
 disobey the summons, they are quickly reduced to yield. The 
 herbage is not calculated for the rearing of sheep, and in some 
 places it is considered as actually poisonous ; the few that arc 
 bred in these cold regions, are of a very diminutive size, but 
 the flesh has the most delicious flavour. The vallies situated 
 between these mountains, if judiciously cultivated, are capable 
 of yielding abundant crops ; but the natives insensible of the 
 value of the soil, confine their agricultural improvements to the 
 tilling some scanty spots contiguous to their habitations, barely 
 suflicient to produce oats and potatoes adequate to the con- 
 sumption of the family ; which, with the milk produced from 
 their kine, constitute their principal food : great portions of 
 these mountains are reclaimable, and only want judgment and 
 cnterprize to render them productive. The great impediment 
 which obstructs general improvement in these mountainous 
 tracts, is the scarcity of proper carriage-roads, for the con- 
 veyance of lime to the different little farms, scattered through 
 this district. All burdens are conveyed on the backs of little 
 horses, who traverse these wild regions with a boldness and 
 dexterity incredibly astonishing. What at present are deno^ 
 minated mountain-roads, are only narrow horse tracks, scarcely 
 discernible through the heath, which sometimes run along the 
 verge of steep and frightful precipices for a considerable dis- 
 tance, which none but the natives would attempt to encounter. 
 The butter of this distiict is conveyed to Cork by the owners, 
 on the backs of horses composed of groups, consisting of about 
 twenty animals moving in a string. The mountaineer descends 
 with his rich burden into the cultivated plains and populous 
 towns, where mingling and associating with his more polished 
 fellow beings, he returns inspired with new incentives, and 
 supplied with the means of adopting the social habits of civil- 
 ized life : from observation he feels the necessity of cultivating 
 the English language, and the advantages resulting from a 
 knowledge of writing and arithmetic ; and the establishment of 
 little schools, where the elementary principles of such primarily 
 essential qualifications may be acquired, is the natural conse- 
 quence of this periodical intercourse. The peasantry pf this 
 
rOR IRELAND. 
 
 S41 
 
 district are decently and well cloath«d ; and the fentales, in the 
 Barony of Iveraoh, wear a very becoming dress, consisting of 
 a crimson jacket, or scarlet cloth, fitted very close romid the 
 neck and bosom, and fastened in front with a row of buttons; 
 this habit appears to be of Spanish origin. Fuel, a very essen- 
 tial article of doifiestic comfort, is abundant through the 
 mountains. For a copious description of these lakes, see Weld's 
 Elegant Acconnt of Kill arnri/ and the Surrounding District. 
 
liEW TRAVELLER'S GUIDE 
 A Table of Fairs held in this County every monlh of the year. 
 
 Places when held. 
 
 Dates, 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Kilgobenet - - - 
 
 Feb. 
 11 
 
 Droumkeen - - - 
 Montanagee - - - 
 Listowel - - - - 
 
 Ardfert - - - - 
 
 March, 
 25&27 
 
 
 Tarbert - - - - 
 Miltown - - - - 
 
 April, 
 
 19 
 26&27 
 
 Castle Island - - 
 Ballicleave - - - 
 Tralee - - - - 
 Kilorglin - - - 
 Tabret - - - - 
 Scortagleny - - - 
 Currens - - - - 
 Miltown - - - - 
 
 Ballinclare - - - 
 Ballicleave - - - 
 Droumkeen - - - 
 Currens - - - - 
 Kilfin - - - - 
 Listowel - - - - 
 Granshaw - - - 
 JScortagleny - - - 
 Kilorglin - * - - 
 Needen - - - - 
 Mullahuffe - - - 
 
 May. 
 1 
 I 
 
 2 
 6 
 
 11&12 
 
 13 
 15&16 
 17&18 
 19&20 
 
 22 
 26&27 
 
 Castlemain - - - 
 Montanagee - - 
 
 Needen - - - - 
 
 
 
 June. 
 
 Bunmore - * - 
 
 1 
 
 Kilgobenet - - - 
 
 4 
 
 Ardfert - - - - 
 
 7 
 
 Nautenane - - - 
 
 7& 8 
 
 Droumirork - - 
 
 10 
 
 Tarbert - - - - 
 
 22 
 
 Miltown - - - - 
 
 23&24. 
 
 Kilorglin - - - - 
 
 30 
 
 
 July. 
 
 Needen - - - - 
 
 1 
 
 Killarney - - - 
 
 4- 
 
 Kilfin 
 
 8 
 
 Ardfert - - - - 
 
 9 
 
 Castle Island 
 Ballinelare - 
 Ballicleave - 
 Kilfin - - 
 Tralee - - 
 Droumirork - 
 Scortagleny - 
 Kilgobenet - 
 Gleneragh - 
 Listowel - - 
 Currens - - 
 Roughty bridge 
 
 Gransha 
 KUfin 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 343 
 
 JPI^s where held. 
 
 . Time. 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Time 
 
 
 Nov, 
 
 
 Dec. 
 
 Tralee - - - - 
 
 7 & 8 
 
 Ballicleave - - - 
 
 1 
 
 Bunmore - - _ 
 
 10 
 
 Montanagee - - - 
 
 1 
 
 Killarney - - - 
 
 11 
 
 Droumirork - - • 
 
 5 & 6 
 
 Droumkeen - - - 
 
 15 
 
 Tarbret - - - - 
 
 11 
 
 Kilorglin - - - 
 
 18 
 
 Miltown - - - - 
 
 15&16 
 
 Needen - - - - 
 
 20 
 
 Scortagleny - - - 
 
 16&17 
 
 Castlemain - - - 
 
 21 
 
 Kilgobenet - ~ - 
 
 21 
 
NEW traveller's GVIDH 
 
 9 
 
 COUNTY OF ROSCOMMON. 
 
 Thi: County of Roscommon is separated from the coun- 
 iics of Longford and Westneath by the river Shannon on 
 the east ; it is bounded by Gal way on the south ; on the west 
 by Mayo ; on the north by Sligo ; and on the north east by 
 Leitrim. Its greatest extent from north to south is forty se- 
 ven Irish miles, and about twenty-nine Irish miles from east to 
 "west where broadest; its surface comprises 346,650 Irish plan- 
 tation acres, including bogs, mountains, and waste ; it contains 
 six Baronies, Moycarne, Athlone, Roscommon, Ballimoe, Bal- 
 lintober, and Boyle ; which are divided into fifty-six parishes. 
 The whole extent of its eastern boundary is watered by the Shan- 
 non ; and the river Suck, for a considerable distance, divides 
 it from the county of Galway ; it is pleasantly interspersed 
 "with other numerous streamlets, which direct their course to 
 the river Shannon; There are no lakes of considerable magni- 
 tude in this county, although it abounds with small fresh water 
 collections, sufficiently extensive to diversify the surface, and 
 multiply its beauties. There are some lofty hills scattered through 
 this county, which do not assume the character of even secon- 
 dary mountains. The soil in some districts of this county is 
 extremely fertile, and generally consists of lime-stone and lime- 
 stone gravel, equally adapted for tillage or for pasture ; most 
 of its grounds are occupied in grazing. It gives the title of 
 Baron to the family of Dillon, 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Moycarne^ 
 Moore, Creagli. . 
 
 ROADS. 
 
 On the road passing from Shannon Bridge to Ballinasloe, 
 •near the sixty-eighth mile stone, the road from Athlone unites 
 on the right ; at the seventy-first mile stone, va road from Ath-i 
 lone unites on the right: here lie the ruins of an old castle and 
 a church to the right; here the river Suck bounds the county, 
 over which a strong bridge is consti'ucted to facilitate the com- 
 munications with the county of Galway. This road runs in a 
 parallel direction with the river Suck from Shannon Bridge, 
 luitil the termination of the county, at the bridge leading to the 
 town of Ballinasloe. On the road running between Athlone and 
 Ballinasloe, at the sixty-fourth mile stone, are situated the ru- 
 ins of an old church on the right ; at the sixty-sixth mile stone, 
 the road from Miltown-pass unites on the right, and a little 
 farther on, are situated the ruins of an old castle to the left ; 
 beyond the sixty-seventh mile stone stands Tulleigh, the resi- 
 dence of St. George, Bart, on this side of the sixty-ninth mile 
 stone, a cross road on the right stretches towards Athlcague; 
 at the seventieth mile stone are situated the ruins of an old cas- 
 tie on the left ; at the geventy-first mile stone, the road from 
 Roscommon unites on the right : here the roads from Shannon 
 Bridge, Athlone, and Roscommon, conterminate on this side 
 of the bridge, immediately communicating with Ballinasloe as 
 already noticed ; there are no remarkable towns or villages in 
 this Barony, nor is it distinguished for any memorials of anti- 
 quity worthy to be recorded. 
 
 Parishes in the Baronij of Athlone. 
 
 Portion of Connaught, Tessararngh, St. John's, 
 
 Kilmain, Porterin. Disert, 
 
 St. Peter, Taghmaconnel, Taghboy, 
 
 Portion of Athlone, Raharrow, Ki lien voy, 
 
 Kiltoom, Drum, Fncriv. 
 
 2 Y 
 
NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 The great west'^rn thorou;^hfare, communicating between 
 Athlone and the different large towns, situated in various parts 
 of Connauglit, on this side of the sixty-first mile stone, subdi^ 
 vides into three jirincipal branches ; that on the left, as already 
 described, leads to Ballinasloe; the centre road stretches to- 
 wards Tuam, and the third road sweeping to the riglit, winds 
 to Roscommon town; at the sixty-second mile stone, the road 
 passing between Athlone and Tuam is intersected by the Cro-r 
 iiaugh river; on this i.ide of the sixty-third mile stone, are situ- 
 ated the ruins of Carton Castle on the right, and a cross road 
 on the right slopes to Athkague ; at the sixty-fourth mile stone, 
 stands the little hamlet of Ballymulhilen, and a cross road on 
 the left sweeps towards Drum ; at the sixty-fifth mile stone, the 
 road passes between two small lakes connected by a brook in- 
 tersecting the road. From these lakes, the Cronaugh river de>r 
 yives its source : here a cross road on the right leads to Mil- 
 town-pass, and a little farther on, another on the left runs to 
 Ballinasloe ^ on this side -of the sixty-seventh mile stone, are si^ 
 toated the ruins of an old church on the left *, at the sixty-eighth 
 mile stone, stand the ruins of Disert church situated on the 
 left; a little beyond the sixty-ninth mile stone, stands the 
 small village of Thomas Street; a cross road on the left, leads, 
 to Ballinasloe, and another on the right runs towards Ros- 
 common. 
 
 Balliforan. — On the eastern bank of the river Suck, is situ- 
 ated the village of Balliforan, distant seventy-one miles and a 
 quarter from the Castle of Dublin, Here the county termi- 
 nates in this direction ; at the village of Athleague in this Baro- 
 ny, an abbey was founded on the borders of the river Suck, 
 In the year 5 SO, St. Patrick founded a monastery at the viU 
 lage of Clonerafl' in this Barony. At Ransdown, a village on 
 Loughrie, in this Barony, a priory was founded for the Knights 
 Hospitalers, or Cfoss Ber.rers, in the reign of King John, to 
 which establishment, Philip Nangle bequeathed considerable 
 possessions in the reign of Henry the Third. In 1226, the 
 Castle of Ransdown vi'as strongly Ibrtified by the English. In 
 3 237, the town was sacked and plundered by Phelim O'Con- 
 ner ; very few fragments of either town or castle now exist, 
 Clarus, Archdeacon of Elphin, founded a church here, dedi- 
 cated to the Holy Trinity. At the fourth mile stone, on the 
 road passing between Athlone and Roscommon town, a cross 
 road on the left, leads to Mount Talbot ; on this side of the 
 fdi\i mile stone, are situated the ruins of an old castle to tha 
 
FOU IRELANtJ. 
 
 left, and a little farther on, lie the ruins of Arilmiilen Castle in 
 the same direction ; at the tenth mile stone, stands tlie neat lit- 
 tle village of Sandfield ; at the thirteenth mile stone, is situated 
 on the left, the beautiful residence of Sir Crofton, Bart, here the 
 road from Lanesborough unites on the right ; the road from 
 thence to the town of Roscommon, distant fifteen miles from 
 Athlone, runs tbrough the small intervening tract of coun- 
 try exhibiting from its solitary appearance, no indications 
 of a populous and ancient town lying so immediately conti- 
 guous. 
 
 To Balliforan by Athlone, 
 
 Miles, 
 
 Athlone, - - • — 
 
 Ballymulialon, - - 4j 
 
 Thomas Street, - ' ^\ 
 
 Balliforan, - - - 2 
 
 591 
 691 
 
 in 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Uoscommon. 
 
 Cloncraft, Bumlin, Kilteevan, 
 
 Elphin, Camma, Killuken, 
 
 Kilcooly, Clonfinlogh, Lissonuffy, 
 
 kiltrustan, Clontuscart^ Shankill, 
 
 Ogulla, Kilbride, Templeneilan, 
 Tarmonbarry, Kilgeffin, 
 
 Athleague, Kilglasse, 
 
 The road issuing from Lanesborough on the Roscommon 
 aide of the river Shannon, forks into two branches, that on the 
 right leads to Strokestown, and the other on the left, to Ros- 
 common town ; on this side of the sixty-fifth mile stone, a cross 
 road on the right, runs towards Strokestown ; at the sixty-sixth 
 mile stone, a cross road from Strokestown, unites on the right, 
 and another on the left, sweeps towards i\thlone; at the sixty- 
 seventh mile stone, a cross road on the right, branches towards 
 Tulsk, and a road from Athlone unites on the left. 
 
 Roscommon^ — Distant sixty-nine miles and a quarter from 
 the Castle of Dublin, is the shire and assizes town of the 
 county ; it has a barrack for a troop of horse ; it is for- 
 tified b^ a castle erected in 1268. In 5^0, an abbey for re- 
 
348 
 
 Ni:W TRAVELrER^S GUIDE 
 
 gular carton;? was founded by St Cloeman, a disciple of St. Fin- 
 nian's. In 1123, this abbey was presented with a piece of the 
 Holy Cross, by Turlogh O' Conner. In 11 3*, the people of 
 Munster plundered and burned this abbey. In 1 360, the town 
 was destroyed by fire. Queen Elizabeth granted this abbey, 
 with all its possessions, to Sir Nicholas Malbye, Knight. In 
 1253, a Dominican Friary was founded here by Phelem O'Con- 
 nor, King of Connaught, who was interred in a fine monu- 
 ment of Irish marble. The sculpture on the monument repre- 
 sents the monarch surrounded by his body guards, habited in 
 an Irish military dress worn in that age. This monument still 
 exists, though very much defaced. In 1308, this friary was 
 destroyed by lightening. The friary with all its possessions, was 
 also granted to Sir Richard Malbye, Knight. In 1 269, a friary 
 for conventual Franciscans was founded here, respecting which, 
 no other records are preserved, but that, in the following year, 
 it was consumed by fire. This town was a borough previous to 
 the Union. The road from Athlone, as already noticed, unites 
 on the left. Three roads issue from tliis town ; that on the 
 right leads to Tulsk, the centre road runs to Castlerea, and 
 the third on the left, stretches towards Mount Talbot. 
 
 Athleague — Is a small village, distant seventy-three miles and 
 a half from the Castle of Dublin. Here the road from Athlone 
 unites on the left, and a cross road on the right, leads to 
 Creggs. 
 
 Mount Talbot— Is a neat small village, distant seventj^- 
 six miles and a quarter from the Castle of Dublin, and 
 pleasantly situated on the eastern bank of the river Suck. The 
 road from Athlone unites on the left, and in continuation, cros- 
 ses the river Suck, which here terminates the county. On the 
 road leading from Roscommon to Castlerea, at the seventy- se- 
 cond mile stone, is situated Clover Hill, a beautiful residence, 
 
 the property of Latouche, Esq. : at the seventy-fourth mile 
 
 stone, lie the ruins of an old castle on the left, and the beauti- 
 ful demense cf Runnemede is situated on the right. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Ballimoe, 
 
 Oran, Clonmagormacum, Drumtemple 
 
 On this side of the seventy-fifth mile stone, the road from 
 Athleague joins on the left, and a church stands on the right: 
 
FOR infeLANty. 
 
 349 
 
 at the seventy-seventh mile stone, the ruins of an old church are 
 situated on the left ; at the seventy-eight mile stone, a cross 
 road on the right, runs towards Tulsk, and the ruins of an 
 old church lie on the left. At the eighty one mile stone, s 
 cross road on tlie right leads to Tulsk. In the half Barony of 
 Ballimoe, situated in the county of Roscommon, there are no 
 remarkable towns or villages, but that portion of it bordering 
 on the river Suck is thickly interspersed with neat mansions, 
 and delightful demesnes, to whose appearance the proximity of 
 60 considerable a stream must give additional charms. 
 
 To Mount Talbot hi) Roscommon^ 
 
 Miles; 
 
 Roscommon - - — 69 1 
 
 Athleague - - - 4 73-^- 
 
 Mount Talbot - - - 2| 76^ 
 
 ParisJies in the Barony of Ballintohhcr, 
 
 Killullagh, Ballintobbcr, Baflick, 
 
 Kilcorkey, Kilkevan. 
 
 At the seventy-eight tnile stone, stands the decayed village of 
 Ballintobber, anciently celebrated for being the residence of 
 O'Conner, King of Connaught, the fragments of whose cas- 
 tle still exist to attest the gloomy grandeur of its fallen great- 
 ness. 
 
 Castle? ca — Is a neat comfortable little village, distant eighty- 
 four miles and a half from the Castle of Dublin, this vicinity 
 is thickly strewed with beautiful seats, inhabited by their opu- 
 lent and hospitable proprietors; three roads issue from thii 
 town, one on the left, leads to Dunmore, the centre road rung 
 to Ballinlough, and the third inclining to the riglit, sweeps by 
 two ramifications to French Park and Lough Glin. 
 
 Ballinlough — Is an inconsiderable straggling village, distant, 
 eighty-nine miles and three quarters from the Castle of Dublin; 
 a cross road on the right, leads to Dunmore ; here the county 
 terminates in this direction ; at die sixty-fourth mile stone, on 
 the road leading from Lancsborough to Strokeptown, are sitU" 
 ated the ruins of an old castle on the left, near the verge of a 
 bog, through which the road runs for a considerable distance; 
 rtt the sixty- 'ixth mile stone, staruh MuliaghnaMifo chuicb, si- 
 
NEW traveller's CJUIDE 
 
 tiiatcd at some distance to the right, and forming a conspicu* 
 ous landmark, from its elevated and commanding position on 
 the summit of Slieve Ben mountain ; at the sixty eight mile stone, 
 the road from Tarmonbarry bridge joins on the right; at the 
 seventieth mile stone, the road from Roscommon conterminates 
 on the left. 
 
 SlroJcestoxim — Is a smart neat townj distant seventy miles and 
 three quarters from the Castle of Dublin; here is a magnificent 
 mansion, the residence of Ross Mahon Esq. ; two roads issue 
 from this town, one on the right, leads to Elphin, and the 
 other on the left, runs to Tulsk ; here is a plain neat church, 
 adorned with a spire and steeple; on this side of the se- 
 venty-fourth mile stone, a cross road from Roscommon, joins 
 on the left, and the ruins of an old castle are situated on the 
 ri^ht. 
 
 To BalUnlongh hij SlroJcesto^wn, 
 
 StrokestoWn 
 
 Tulsk - - ' 5\ 
 
 Castle Plunket - - 3 J 
 
 Castlerea *- - - 5| 
 
 Ballinlough * - 54 
 
 (Miles.) 
 70 
 
 75f 
 
 89j 
 
 TulsJc^ Distant seventy-five miles and a half from the Castle of 
 Dublin, though nov/ a miserable hamlet, consisting ofafewmud 
 cabbins, was formerly deemed a place of considerable impor- 
 tance, of which the promiscuous and indiscriminate ruins of 
 towers, castle.^, forts, and churches, bear ample testimony. 
 Here a formidable castle was erected by O'Conner Roe in 
 1406. The monastery for Domini;:an Friars, is supposed to 
 have been founded by Phelim Cleary 0*Conner, who was slain 
 by a wound inflicted by a spear at KilcuUen, and was interred 
 in this abbey in 1448. It was a Borough previous to the 
 Union. Three roads issue from this town ; one on the left, 
 leads to Castlerea, the centre road runs to French-park, and 
 the third road sloping on the right, sweeps towards Elphin; 
 at the eightieth mile stone, the road from Castlere?- unites on 
 the left. 
 
iOR IRELAND. 
 
 351 
 
 To French-park hif TutsL 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Tulsk - - . _ 75^ 
 
 Belanagar • - 51 81 
 
 French-park - - 2| 83f 
 
 Belanagar — Is a neat small villarije, distant cighty-onc mile? 
 from the castle of Dublin ; near this village are the ruins of an old 
 church. This vicinity is thickly inhabited by an opulent gen- 
 try; at the eighty-third mile stone, are situated t}\e ruins of a 
 church, and an old abbey on the right ; a cross road on the 
 right leads to Boyle, and another on the left, rujis to Castle- 
 rea ; at the eighty-five mile stone> stands French-park church 
 on the left, and the delightful mansion and dimense of French- 
 park stand on the right; at the eighty-seventh miJe stone, the 
 ruins of an old church are situated on the left, and a little far- 
 ther on, the river Gara bounds the county in this direction. 
 The road from Tarmonbarry bridge to Strokestown, is by one 
 mile longer than the road leading from Lanesborough ; on the 
 road leading from Strokestown to Elphin, at the seventy-se-» 
 cond mile stone, stands Kilthruston church on the right, and 
 a chain of small lakes range along the road to the left; on this 
 side of the seventy- fourth mile stone, the road crosses the O weu 
 Ure river. 
 
 Elphin^ — Distant seventy-five miles and a quarter from the 
 Castle of Dublin, is a small neat village. It was erected into 
 an Episcopal See by St. Patrick, who coi^sccrated St. Assicus 
 its first bishop, who introduced a celebrated college of monks, 
 over whom he presided ; in process of time it was converted 
 into a parish church, dedicated to the original founder. In 
 1 167, it was consumed by fire. In 1177j the English destroy- 
 td this town by fire. At tlie suppression of monastic institu- 
 ticms, the possessions pertaining to the Monastic establishment 
 were granted to Terence O'Birne. The e|)iscopal palace is a 
 magnificent residence. The diocesan school-house is a plain,, 
 substantial building. This place gave birth to the celebrated 
 Oliver Goldsmith, whose compositions will be admiied as long 
 as the English language exists a living tongue. The road from 
 Tulsk unites on the left ; two roads issue I'rom this town, one 
 on the right, leads to Drumsnasnave bridge, .Tamestov^'n, and 
 Carrick on Shannon, the other on the left, runs towards Abbey 
 Boyle. 
 
NEW TRAVELLER'S GUIDE 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Boyle, 
 
 Kilronan, 
 
 Killukcn, 
 
 Ardcarnc, 
 Boyle, 
 
 Creove, 
 Eastersnew, 
 Kil brine, 
 Kilcola, 
 Kilmacumpsy, 
 
 Kilmore, 
 
 Kilnamana, 
 
 Killutiiod, 
 
 Tumna, 
 
 Tivohine. 
 
 On this side of tlie seventy-eight mile stone, are situated the 
 mins of Kambo Castle on t he verge of a lake to (he right, and 
 the ruins of nn old cliurch and castle lie on the left; at the se- 
 venty-flinth mile stone, a cross road on the left, sweeps towards 
 Castlerea, At the eighty miie stone, stands Easter Snow 
 church on the riglit, and a cross road winding on the right 
 leads to Ardcarney. On this side of the eighty-two mile 
 stone, a cross road on the left branches towards Castle- 
 rea. At the eighty-three mile stone, a road winds on the 
 left to French Park, and the road from Carrick on Shannon 
 unites on the right. 
 
 To Boyle hy StroJcestffucn. 
 
 Strokestown . . , . — 70 
 
 Elphin 51 75:J 
 
 Boyle 8f 84^ 
 
 Boyle, — Distant eighty four miles and a half from Dublin Cas- 
 tle, is pleasantly situated on a river of the same name, over 
 which two fine stone bridges are erected ; here is a fine church, 
 and a barrack for a troop of horse. It is strictly governed 
 conformably to the spirit of the charter, granted by King James 
 the First. On one of the bridges, a pedestrian statue of King 
 William the Third is placed on the north side of the river ; 
 and a little eastward of the town, lie the ruins of a stately abbey 
 founded in 1152. In 1235, the English forces commanded by 
 the Lords Justices Fitzgerald, and M'William, encamped in 
 this abbey, and pillaged the Monks. In 1315, the abbey was 
 plundered by Rory O'Conner. Queen Elizabeth granted this 
 abbey with all its possessions, to Patrick Cusacke of Gerrards- 
 town, in the county of Meath. The remains of this edifice, 
 which lie enclosed in the Earl of Kingston's demense, attest its 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 353 
 
 ancient splendour and j^agnificence. The great arches which 
 supported the tower were about fortj'-six feet high, and are 
 deemed perfect models of Gothic architectural grandeur ; the 
 stones of which they are composed, are of so firm and close a 
 texture as will withstand the severest assaults of all corroding 
 lime ; near the abbey stands the stump of a round tower. Two 
 roads issue from this town, one on the left leads to Tobbercurry, 
 and the other on the right, runs towards Sligo ; it was a borough 
 previous to the Union. At the eighty-six mile stone, stands 
 Ballaghbuy mountain on the right, and at the eighty-seven mile 
 ftone, the county terminates in this direction. To the east of 
 Boyle is situated the beautiful Lough Key. 
 
ZS4i iNtvv traveller's guidi: 
 
 A Table of Fairs held in this County ev<,ry month in the 
 
 year. 
 
 Places where helds 
 
 Tinie^' 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Time, 
 
 
 Jan, 
 
 Roscommon . . 
 
 7 
 
 Ardsalagli . » , 
 
 1 
 
 Mount Talbot . . 
 
 145 
 
 liallmagar . . . 
 
 6 
 
 n 11 1 
 
 Ballyleag . . . 
 
 14* 
 
 
 
 Strokestown . . 
 
 IS 
 
 
 
 
 Feb, 
 
 Croaghan . . . 
 
 16 
 
 
 
 
 Tormanbarry . . 
 
 1 
 
 Castlerea .... 
 
 21 
 
 Ballyfarnon . . . 
 
 8 
 
 Newmarket . . . 
 
 26 
 
 
 L<eckcarrow . . . 
 
 27 
 
 
 
 
 Mar, 
 
 
 
 Kilcorkey . . . 
 
 17 
 
 
 
 July 
 
 Leckcarrow . . 
 
 17 
 
 Belonlagh . w . 
 ot. John s . . , 
 
 5 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 
 
 
 Apr, 
 
 rJalliiarnham . . 
 
 6 
 
 Ballyfarnon . . . 
 
 15 
 
 Grivisk .... 
 
 9 
 
 iuisk .... 
 
 19 
 
 Athleague . . . 
 
 11 
 
 
 
 French Park . . 
 
 12 
 
 
 
 
 May 
 2 
 
 Boyle 
 
 25 
 
 "VT ,.1 i 
 
 Newmarket . . . 
 
 T « IT 
 
 Lroughgim . . , 
 
 29 
 
 Llphm .... 
 
 3 
 
 A 1 1 1 
 
 Ardsalagh . . 
 
 30 
 
 Kilcorkey . . . 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Castlesampson . • 
 
 7 
 
 Kilcorkey . . . 
 
 Aug. 
 
 Tormanbarry . . 
 
 7 
 
 3 
 
 TV ,f" A. rr« _ 1 1 . 
 
 Mount lalbot . . 
 
 8 
 
 Fuerty .... 
 
 4} 
 
 Ballymurry . , . 
 
 10 
 
 "Oil* 
 
 Ballmagar . . , 
 
 5 
 
 Ballinagar . . . 
 
 10 
 
 Castlesampson * . 
 
 6 
 
 Castleplunket • . 
 
 13 
 
 Dangan .... 
 
 6 
 
 Rockfield . . . 
 
 17 
 
 Castleplunket . . 
 
 13 
 
 Strokestown . . 
 
 18 
 
 n 1 1 
 
 Ballymurry . . . 
 
 15 
 
 Bally larnon . , . 
 
 19 
 
 (jrivisk .... 
 
 16 
 
 Ardsalaffh . . . 
 
 19 
 
 1 ormanbarry . . 
 
 17 
 
 ruerty .... 
 
 19 
 
 Tulsk .... 
 
 20 
 
 French Park . . 
 
 21 
 
 Knockcroghera 
 
 21 
 
 Castlerea . . . 
 
 z3 
 
 Castlerea . • » 
 
 23 
 
 Danian .... 
 
 25 
 
 Ballintobber . . 
 
 25 
 
 Loughglin . . . 
 Boyle .... 
 
 25 
 
 Ballinafad . . . 
 
 27 
 
 30 
 
 
 
 
 
 Belonlagh . . . 
 
 31 
 
 
 Sep. 
 12 
 
 
 
 Loughglin . . . 
 
 
 
 Tiil^j . : . . 1 
 
 June 
 
 Glinsk , . . , 
 
 18 
 
 
 4j 
 
 Ballyfarnon . . . 
 
 19 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 355 
 
 Places where held, 
 
 French Park 
 AthJeague . 
 Leckcarrow . 
 Rockfield 
 Ballinlough 
 Kilcorkey 
 
 Boyle . . . 
 Newmarket . 
 Castleplunket 
 Loughglin . 
 Grivisk . . 
 Ardsalagh . 
 Strokestown 
 Ballyfarnon . 
 Knockcroghera 
 Ballyleag 
 Croaghan 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Belonlagh . . 
 
 Mount Talbot 
 Tormanbarry 
 Ball in agar . 
 Castlerea 
 Danian . . 
 Tulsk . . 
 Strokestown 
 Fuerty . , 
 
 Roscommon 
 Elphin . . 
 Ballifarnon . 
 Leckcarrow . 
 Mount Talbot 
 Newmarket , 
 
 Time. 
 
 October 
 31 
 
 Nov. 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3& 4. 
 
 7 
 
 9 
 15 
 16 
 21 
 
 Dec. 
 
 5 
 10 
 16 
 20 
 21 
 28 
 
356 
 
 UEW traveller's (^UIDTl 
 
 COUNTY OF GALWAY. 
 
 The County of Galway — Is bounded on the west by the 
 Atlantic Ocean, on the north by Mayo, on the north-east by 
 lioscommon, on the east it is separated from the King's County 
 and Tipperary by the river Shannon, and on the south it is 
 bounded by Clare and Galway bay, the largest bay in this island. 
 This county is the second in magnitude in Ireland, its extent 
 being very little inferior to Cork, unquestionably the most con- 
 siderable county in this kingdom. The greatest extent of Gal- 
 way from north, is about forty- three Irish miles, and from east, 
 about seventy-six Irish miles. Its surface comprises .989,959 
 acres Irish plantation measure, including bogs, mountains, and 
 waste. It contains seventeen baronies, including the town and 
 liberties of Galway, \vhich constitute a distinct county in them- 
 selves. 
 
 Baronies in the County of Galway. 
 
 Ross, Tyaquin, Longford, 
 
 Ballynabinch, Kilconnel, Dunkellin, 
 
 Clare, Athenry, Leitrim, 
 
 Donamore, Moycullen, Loughrea, 
 
 Ballymoe, ClonmacoweDj Kiltartan. 
 Kiilyan, 
 
 These baronies together with the Isles of Arran attaclied to this 
 county, are divided into an hundred and sixteen parishes. 
 The eastern portion of this county is well adapted for grazing, til- 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 357 
 
 lage, or pasture ; the soil is generally composed of a light lime-? 
 stone gravel, which rears numerous flocks of sheep, and herds of 
 light black cattle, the surface in many places is too much incum- 
 bered with rocks, which become a great obstacle to extensive agri- 
 culture, as it requires great expense, patience, and labour, totally 
 to eradicate them ; a disposition which seems not as yet to have 
 been generally adopted by the land holders and land proprietors of 
 this count}', as the less expensive mode of grazing is universally 
 followed ; and the unaided fertility of the soil supplies sufficient 
 nourishment for the stock, accurately estimated by the farmer, 
 jis sufficient to yield a comfortable livelihood, and a reasonable 
 profit ; hence results that wild and uncultivated appearance, that 
 those very extensive and improveable tracts exhibit, but which if 
 judiciously and carefully managed, would comfortably support 
 a numerous and industrious population. The surface of thia 
 county, from the banks of the Shannon to the town of Galway, 
 is beautifully diversified with undulating swells of sufllcient 
 magnitude to gratify the imagination, by a pleasing variety of 
 prospect, but never approximating to the sublime grandeur of 
 the stupenduous and elevated mountain, whose lofty peak never 
 fails to inspire the mingled sensations of terror and admiration. 
 Nature has done every thing for this district ; human industry 
 has withheld its co-operation with a parsimonjoUvS niggardness ; 
 as the thinly scattered improvements, occasionally discovered, and 
 ljut lately conimenced, unequivocally prove, to what an indes- 
 cribable degree of beauty it may arrive by appropriate pains to 
 adorn its present bleak and naked aspect wi4:ii the verdant fol- 
 iage of the forest. The low marshy grounds lying contigious 
 to rivers, or subject to occasional inundations in this country, 
 denominated Turlcughs, do, in the summer season, produce a 
 prodigious quantity of coarse grass, on which numerous herds 
 of young #attle are grazed during the dry months; for the re- 
 mainder of the year, they exhibit the appearance of extensive 
 fresh water lakes; most of these aqueous collections, might cer- 
 tainly be effectually drained, and thus reclaimed, woyld become 
 fertile and productive possessions. That portion of the county 
 situated on the western shore of Loughcorrib, is a continual 
 chain of »wild and stupenduous mountains, through which some 
 fertile vaUies are parsimoniously scattered. The grounds or 
 rather quarries encompassing the shores of the majestic Lough- 
 corrib, are an uninterrupted ledge of lime stone rocks, in whose 
 fissures a fine vegetable mould is deposited, producing a sweet 
 herbage greedily devoured by sheep brousing on this scanty but 
 dehcious pasture; next to the Shannon, which forms thp eastern 
 
MEW tkaveller's guide 
 
 boundary of the county, the most considerable rivers are the Suck 
 and the Black Water, which in some parts of their courses, 
 constitute its boundaries. The Clare, Galway, and Dunmore 
 rivers are respectable in magnitude, and impetuous in career ; 
 besides which, there are numerous other streamlets flowing in 
 all directions, obscurely useful, and unostentaciously ornamental. 
 To enumerate its lakes, it is only necessary summarily to observe, 
 that underneath the base of every hill, a fresh water pool of 
 greater or less magnitude is deposited, whose waters are filtrat- 
 ed through the sandy strata of the circumjacent eminences. The 
 lakes thus peculiarly formed, are frequently destitute of all con- 
 duits to carry off the redundancy of the accumulation, which 
 swells enormously in the rainy season, until it is subsequently 
 absorbed by the cherishing rays of a vernal sun. The moun- 
 tainous district situated on the western coast of the lake, and 
 stretching in immense masses towards the Atlantic Ocean, pro- 
 duce an exhaustless source of irriguous fountains gurgling from 
 the craggy peaks of these stupenduous piles, that every valley is 
 intersected with a streamlet, generated by the humidity of the 
 superincumbent masses. The population of this county is very 
 disproportioned to its vastly extended surface ; the champaign 
 and cultivable portions are almost exclusively devoted to the 
 breeding and grazing of cattle, and the proprietors of the wild 
 and mountainous tracts do not hold forth a sufficient security 
 and encouragement to experienced agriculturists, disposed to re- 
 claim and colonize their deserts, on the speculation of a subse* 
 quent permanent occupancy. The brute creation monopolizes 
 the possession of the arable and cultivable districts, and the 
 contracted narrow policy of the proprietors of the mountains 
 prohibits emigration to these inhospitable regions ; as the famed 
 Dragon which churlishly guarded the golden apples, and pro- 
 hibited all strangers from peeping at the forbidden fruit, so an 
 avaricious cupidity for present and immediate profit, excludes 
 every proposal made according to the relative value of the raw 
 and coarse material, destined to be improved by laborious in- 
 dustry ; but it is sincerely hoped, that a more enlightned spirit 
 will soon blaze forth, which will estimate the value of the article, 
 as it actually exists, and not as what it might arrive to by pain- 
 ful application ; the sod of the soil is unquestionably the land- 
 lord's unalienable right, but the benefit acruing from the expence 
 and labour of modelling and improving the quality, certainly 
 ought to constitute the cultivator's property. 
 
rOR IRELAND. 
 
 559 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Longford, 
 
 Abbeygormagan, Faghy, Killoran, 
 Clonfert, Killinan, Kilquane, 
 
 Donanaghta, Kiliimerbulloge, Kiltormer. 
 
 To Loiighrea hy Porhimna, 
 
 Miles. 
 
 Portumna . . . — | 74f 
 
 Tinagh . . . . 4| I 79 
 
 Loughrea . . . 7^1 8^2 
 
 Portumna — Distant seventy-four miles and three quarters from 
 Dublin Castle, is a neat small village, which communicates with 
 the county of Tipperary, by means of a wooden bridge con- 
 structed over the river Shannon ; here is a barrack for a troop 
 of horse and two companies of foot. The castle is a venerable 
 mansion, wherein the most noble the Marquis of Clanrickard 
 generally resides. The Monks of the Cistertian abbey of Dun- 
 brody, in the county of Wexford, built a chapel here, dedicated 
 to St. Peter and St. Paul ; which on being abandoned by the 
 original founders, was granted by O' Madden Dynast of the 
 county, to the Dominican Friars, who with the consent of the 
 Monks of Dunbrody, erected a friary, and a church dedicated 
 to the Virgin Mary, in conjunction with the original patron 
 saints ; the walls are still nearly entire, which prove that the 
 abbey of Portumna was a very considerable structure ; its anci- 
 ent choir is converted into a parochial church, A cross road 
 on the right leads to Eyrecourt. At the seventy-seven mile 
 stone, a cross road on the left runs towards Gort. At the 
 seventy-eight mile stone, a cross road on the right stretches to- 
 wards Eyrecourt, and a little farther on, the road crosses the 
 Killimure river. At the seventy-nine mile stone is situated 
 Flower Hill on the right, the delightful residence of Lord Ri- 
 verston. At the eightv mile stone, the road from Woodford 
 joins on the left. At the eighty-one mile stone lie the ruins of 
 Palace Castle on the left. On this side of the eighty-two mile 
 stone, Tinah church is situated on the right, where the road 
 from Eyrecourt joins in the same direction ; and Spring-garden 
 the beautiful residence of — - — Pearce, Esq, is situated on the lei: 
 
360 
 
 KEW traveller's GUIDU 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Leitrim* 
 
 ClonniF-,]i, Ballinakil, Teinagh, 
 
 Iniscaltra, Doneny, Kiltefekin, 
 
 Kilmeen, Kilcooiy, Leitrim. 
 
 On this side of the eighty-four mile stone, a cross road from 
 Eyrecourt joins on the right, a)id a road sloping towards 
 Woodford, sweeps to the left; a little farther on stand the 
 ruins of an old castle to the right, and the fine demense of 
 Streamstown is situated on the left. At the eighty- five mile 
 stone, lie the ruins of an old castle to the left. At the eighty- 
 six mile stone, stand the ruins of an old castle on the right, and 
 Dal3^stown, the fine mansion and well planted demense of the 
 Right Hon. Denis Bowes Daly, representative for this extensive 
 and independent county, is situated on the left. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Loughrca. 
 
 Loughrea, Kilnadecma, Iserkellr, 
 
 Kilconickny, Kilthomas, Itillinan. 
 
 On the road passing between Banagher and Loughrea, the 
 county of Gal way commences on the western bank of the river 
 Shannon. At the seventy mile stone, the ruins of an old castle 
 lie on the right. 
 
 Clotifert^ — An ancient Bishoprick, is situated to the right of 
 this road, commanding a fine prospect of the Shannon. In 553 
 St. Branden founded an abbey here, under the invocation of 
 the Virgin Mary, who erected the church into a cathedral, and 
 constituted it an Episcopal see. The abbey and village of Cion- 
 fert were frequently pillaged by the leaders of native contending 
 septs, as well as by the rapacious and plundering Danes. In 
 1175, Roderick O'Connor, King of Connaught, appointed Can- 
 thred, abbot of Clonfert, in conjuction with Catholicus, Arch- 
 bishop of Tuam, his ambassadors to attend King Henry the 
 Second ; on the suppression of the abbey, its possessions v/ere 
 annexed to the episcopal revenues : during the middle ages, the 
 church was celebrated for its seven altars ; its western front 
 supposed to have been erected in 1270, still exists a beautiful 
 structure. 
 
rOR IRELAND. 
 
 361 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 
 71 -j- 
 
 
 
 9| 
 
 88 
 
 6 
 
 94 
 
 7i 
 
 1011 
 
 
 106^ 
 
 
 106* 
 
 
 113 
 
 6| 
 
 1191 
 
 To Ougkterard by Eyre Court, 
 
 Eyre Court . . . • 
 Killimure Bridge . • . . 
 Lough rea . . . * . 
 Craghwell Bridge .... 
 
 Oranmore 
 
 Galway 
 
 Galway distant by the Banagher road 
 Drumcong .... 
 Oughterard 
 
 Eyrecourt, — Distant seventy-one miles and three quarters from 
 Dublin Castle, is a straggling little village pleasingly situated on a 
 bold rising ground, commanding an extensive prospect ; con- 
 tiguous to the village stands Eyrecourt castle, a very venerable 
 pile, the property of the Eyre family. Here are a substantial 
 plain church, and the ruins of an old castle ; the road from Bal- 
 linasloe unites on the right, and a cross road leading towards 
 Portumna, sweeps off on the laft. On this side of the seventy- 
 three mile stone, a cross road on the left runs to Portumna. Near 
 the seventy-five mile stone, lie the ruins of an old castle on the 
 left, and Queensborough, a fine seat, the property of the Earl 
 of Louth, is situated on the right. At the seventy-seven mile 
 stone, the ruins of an old castle stand on the left. At the seven- 
 ty eight mile stone, a road from Portumna joins on the left, and 
 a cross road leading towards Ballinasloe, winds off' on the right. 
 On this side of the seventy-nine mile stone, the road crosses the 
 Killimure river. At the eighty-one mile stone, are the ruins of 
 an old castle to the left. At the eighty-two mile stone, a cros« 
 road on the right leads to Ballinasloe, At the eighty-four mile 
 stone, are situated the ruins of two old castles to the left, and 
 a cross road on the right leads to Ballinasloe. At the eir>li4:y- 
 six mile stone, stands the race course on the left ; and at the 
 eighty-seven mile stone, the road from Ballinasloe unites to the 
 right. Here is a beautiful small Jake, extending to tli^; right : 
 the distance intervening between the Killimure river and 
 Loughrea, is thickly interspersed with neat country seats and 
 well planted demesnes. The roads from Portumna and Mount 
 Shannon, unite on the left ; and the roads from Baliinasloe 
 and Kilconnel conterminate on the right. 
 
 Loughrea^ — Distant eighty-eight miles from Dublin Castle by 
 
 3 A 
 
NEW TRAVELLEIl's GUIDE 
 
 Banagher, is a tolerably extensive aad well built town, agreeablv 
 situated on an eminence commanding a pleasing prospect of 
 the lake, whence it derives its name; here is a good cavalry 
 barrack ; there is also a charter .school, liberally endowed by the 
 ancient and noble family of Clanrickard. The church is a 
 plain spacious structure ; some iVagmcnts of an old castlt- v n'gi- 
 nally erected by ihe de Burgh;;, still exist. About the year 
 1 300, Richard de Burgh, Earl of Ulster, founded a monastery 
 liere for Carmelite or White-friars, dedicated to the Virgin 
 IMary. This monastery on its suppression, was granted to 
 Richard, Earl of Clanrickard and his heirs in capite, for a 
 trifling annual rent, Irish currency. Three roads issue from this 
 town ; one inclining to the left, stretches towards Gort. the centre 
 road leads to Oranmore, and the third sloping on the right, 
 winds to Athenry. The road running between Loughrca and 
 Gort, on this side of the ninety-one mile stone, crosses the river 
 Cam am art, on whose banks are situated the ruins of an old 
 castle to the left. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Kiltartan, 
 
 Beagh, Kilveconty, 
 
 Kilmacduagh, Duras, Kinvarra. 
 
 Kiltartan, Killeney, 
 
 ROADS, 
 
 At the ninety-one mile stone stands Kilcrist Church on the 
 right. At the ninety-second mile stone, stands the delightful 
 demesne of Roxborough; a little beyond the ninety-third mile 
 btciie stands Killinan church to the left, and still farther on to the 
 right, are situated the ruins of two old castles. Near the ninety- 
 fourth mile stone a cross road on the right, leads to Galway. At 
 the ninety-sixth mile stone stand the ruins of three old castles on 
 the right, placed very close to each other, as if designed to afford 
 mutual protection; and the ruins of another castle are situated 
 on the left, at no great distance h'om the three castles. On 
 this side of the ninety- eighth mile stone, the road crosses the 
 Gort river ; on this side of the ninety-ninth mile stone, a cross 
 i oad from Portumna, unites on the left. 
 
TOR IRELAND. 
 
 Gorf, — Distant ninety-nine miles and three quarters from 
 Dublin Castle, is a small neat village; it has a barrack, a 
 good plain church, and a market-house ; close to the town 
 stands a fine seat, the property of Brendergast Smyth, Esq. 
 two roads issue from this town, one on the right runs towards 
 Galway, and the other on the left leads to Toberdonny village, 
 distant one hundred and four miles from Dublin Castle: here 
 the road forks into two branches, that on the right leads to 
 Ennistymond, and the other on the left to Ennis; near this 
 village stands the delapidated cathedral of Kilmacduagh, 
 which was erected into an episcopal see about the middle of 
 the sixth century by St. Colman, who also founded an abbey 
 here, on the scite of which Maurice, bishop of this see, who 
 died in 1283, erected a monastery for canons regular of the 
 order of St. Augustin. This abbev was situated at the noriii 
 west end of the cathedral, on a neck of land projecting 
 between two small lakes ; at the general suppression of monas- 
 tic institutions, this monastery with all its possessions, was 
 granted to Richard, Earl of Clanrickard. In 1602 the bishop- 
 rick of Kilmacduagh was united to the episcopal see of Clon- 
 fert, to which it still remains attached ; the cathedral, though 
 small, was a very elegant structure ; the pillars ranged from 
 the entrance to the altar, were elegantly finished, in a most 
 masterly stile; the ruins of distinct and detached buildings 
 scattered round the chapel and refectory, ai!brd a presufnptivt; 
 evidence that the canons of this monastery dwelt in different 
 habitations ; here is an holy well, encompassed with a circular 
 enclosure. The round tower situated contiguous to the church, 
 inclines seventeen feet and an half from its perpendicular di- 
 rection, whereas the celebrated tower at Pisa, only leans thir^ 
 teen feet from its level ; a little beyond the village of Tobber- 
 curry, the county terminates in this direction. 
 
 To Toberdonny hy Loitghrca, 
 
 Miles. 
 
 Lough rea by the Banagher road , — 88 
 
 Kilcrist 3 91 
 
 Gort 84 99f 
 
 Tobberdonny 1«4 104 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Clonmacoxocn. 
 
 Aghrim, Killtaghtan, Kilgenic. 
 
 Clontuscartj Kilcluney, 
 
364 
 
 NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 Ballmasloe, — Distant seventy-one miles and three cjuarter^ 
 from Dublin Castle, is a large, populous, well built, and thriving 
 town, pleasantly situated on the western bank of the river Suck> 
 where the greatest wool and cattle fairs in Ireland are held. 
 Here the roads from Shannon-bridge and Athlone conterminatc. 
 A cross road on the left winds towards Clonfert ; at the seventy 
 second mile stone, the road forks into two branches ; that on 
 the right leads to Kilconnel, and the other on the left to Agh- 
 rim ; on this side of the seventy-third mile stone a cross road 
 on the left, branches towards Eyrecourt, and on the right stands 
 Garbally, the splendid residence of Lord Cloncarty ; at the 
 seventy-fourth mile stone, a cross road slopes off to the left. 
 
 Aghrinit — Distant seventy-five miles from Dublin Castle, is a 
 poor decayed village, rendered memorable for the splendid and 
 decisive victory obtained on the twelfth of July, 1691, by ge- 
 neral G inkle, over Monsieur St. Ruth, who commanded the 
 Irish forces for James the Second. In this battle, St. Ruth 
 and seven thousand of the Irish were slain, whereas the English 
 forces only lost six hundred men during the various vicissitudes 
 of the engagement, though they had very discouraging obsta- 
 cles to surmount before they could approach the enemy, strong- 
 3y entrenched and judiciously posted on Kilcommodon Hill. 
 The English forces consisted of eighteen thousand men, of 
 every denomination, while the Irish army amounted to twenty 
 thousand infantry, and five thousand cavalry, possessed of every 
 advantage that a favourable local situation could afford an 
 army disposed to act on the defensive, and resolved to make a 
 vigorous resistance. Notwithstanding all these preparatory 
 arrangements planned by an experienced general, the Irish were 
 dispersed, routed, and discomfited, with such prodigiously 
 disproportioned slaughter ; tents, ammunition, artillery, colours, 
 standards, and small arms of every description, abandoned by 
 the fugitives in the panic of a precipitate retreat, attested the 
 extent of the loss sustained on the scene of action : the splendid 
 tranactions of this day, effectually extinguished all the hopes 
 of the abdicated and infatuated James. Here is a plain neat 
 church situated on a rising ground, whose steeple forms a 
 pleasing landmark. The priory founded here in the thirteenth 
 century for canons regular of the order of St. Augustin, 
 under the invocation of St. Catherine, is supposed to have been 
 endowed by the first Butler of Ireland ; this priary, on its sup- 
 pression, was granted to Richard, Earl of Clanrickard, and his 
 heirs in capite, for a trifling annual rent, Irish currency ; the 
 ypad from Eyrecourt unites on the left ; two roads issue fro^n 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 S65 
 
 this village ; one on the right, leads to Kilconnel, and the other 
 on the left, runs towards Loughrea ; at the seventy-nine mile 
 stone stands the beautiful demesne of Ballydonncllan on the 
 left, and a cross road on the right runs to Kilconnel ; on this 
 side of the eighty-second mile stone, a cross road from Eyre- 
 court unites on the left, and the ruins of an old castle are situa- 
 ted on the right ; on this side of the eighty-fourth mile stone, 
 stands the fine demesne of Ballidugan, situated on the left, and 
 a little farther on arc the ruins of two old castles to the right, 
 and the ruins of an old church on the left ; on this side of the 
 eighty-fifth mile stone, a cross road from Eyrecourt unites on 
 the left; at the eighty-sixth mile stone stands the town of Lough- 
 rea, already described. On the road running from Loughrea to 
 Galway, at the ninety-one mile stone, two roads sweep off ou 
 the left, one leading to Kilcrist and the other to Kilcoigun ; at 
 the ninety-second mile stone stand the ruins of two old castles 
 on the right, and the ruins of an old church are situated on 
 the left; on this side of the ninety-fourth mile stone, a road 
 from Kilcrist unites on the left, and the ruins of an old castle 
 lie on the left ; a cross road on the right winds towards Athenry ; 
 at the ninety-fourth mile stone the road crosses the Carnamart 
 river on whose steep and rocky banks stands Craghwell village, 
 distant ninety-two miles from Dublin Castle, 
 
 To Galway hy Ballinasloe* 
 
 Ballinasloe 
 
 Aghrim 
 
 Loughrea 
 
 Croghwell Bridge 
 
 Oranmore 
 
 Galway 
 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 75 
 
 • * 
 
 11 
 
 86 
 
 
 . 6 
 
 92 
 
 
 
 99 
 
 
 4| 
 
 1041 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Dunkellin, 
 
 Roscom, 
 
 B allinacourteney, 
 Oranmore, 
 Kilconiran, 
 Lickrig, 
 
 Ardrahan, 
 
 Drumacroe, 
 
 Kilcrist, 
 
 Kilcolgan, 
 
 Killikineen, 
 
 Killily, 
 
 Killinvarra, 
 
 Killogillin, 
 
 Kiilora, 
 
 Stradbally. 
 
 At the ninety-fifth mile stone, a cross road on the right 
 sweeps to Athenry ; at the ninety-seventh mile stone the road 
 passes between two small lakes ; at the ninety-eighth mile stone 
 the ruins of an old castle lie on the right, and a little farther on, 
 
366 
 
 NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 the ruins of an old castle are situated on the left ; at the ninety- 
 ninth mile stone the road from Athenry unites on the left ; at 
 the hundredth mile stone a cross road on the left runs towards 
 Koss ; at the one hundred and one mile stone lie the ruins of 
 an old castle on the left. 
 
 To Tobberdonmj by Ballinasloe, 
 
 Ballinasloe 
 Aghrim 
 Lough rca 
 Kilcrist 
 Gort 
 
 Tobberdonny 
 
 Miles. 
 
 
 711 
 
 
 75 
 
 11 
 
 86 
 
 3 
 
 89 
 
 9 
 
 98 
 
 41 
 
 1021 
 
 Oranmore^ — Distant one hundred and one miles and a half 
 from Dublin Castle, is a neat smart looking village, well sup- 
 plied with houses of entertainment to solace the weary traveller ; 
 it is pleasantly situated at the eastern extremity of the bay of 
 Galway ; to the left of the town stands a very venerable old 
 mansion, named Oranmore Castle, the residence of Mr. Blake ; 
 a cross road on the left leads towards Gort, and another to the 
 right runs to Tuam ; the direct road leads to Galway, com- 
 manding an extensive prospect of its fine bay, and the distant 
 lofty mountains of Burrin, situated in the county of Clare, on the 
 southern coast of this extensive inland sea, encompassed with 
 stupenduous mountains. The right hand branch of the road 
 issuing from Ballinasloe, runs to Kilconnel ; on this side of the 
 seventy-fourth mile stone the road from Roscommon unites on 
 the right ; at the seventy-sixth mile stone the road leading to 
 Tuam, sweeps off to the right; at the seventy-seventh mile 
 stone the road from Aghrim joins on the left; at the seventy- 
 eighth mile stone the road from Ahascragh, unites to the right, 
 
 Kilconnel — Is a decayed village, distant seventy -eight miles 
 and a quarter from Dublin Castle. St. Conal, a contemporary 
 with St. Patrick, was abbot of a monastic institution existing 
 jn this village at that early period. The premature dissolution 
 of the establishment is traditionally imputed to a solemn ana- 
 thema, fulminated by the saint against its subsequent prosperity : 
 for what heinous impiety so severe and so fatal a malediction was 
 incurred, no historical records exist to assign a satisfactory 
 reason. In 1400, William O' Kelly founded a monastery for 
 Franciscan friars, most probably on the scite of the former 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 S67 
 
 edifice ; on the suppression of monastic institutions, this abbey 
 with all its possessions, was granted to Charles Calthorpe. Three 
 roads issue from this village ; that on the left sweeps to Loughrea, 
 the centre road leads to Athenry, and ihe third branching off 
 on the right, runs towards Tuam ; a little beyond the eightieth 
 mile stone, a cross road on the right runs to Glentown ; at the 
 eighty-first mile stone a cross road on the left leads to Aghrim, 
 and the magnificent demesne of Woodlawn is situated on the 
 right ; a little farther on, a cross road on the right leads to 
 Cloncash ; at the eighty-second mile stone stands New Inn, 
 and a cross road on the left winds towards Kilrickill ; a littb 
 farther on are situated the ruins of an old church on the right, 
 nearly opposite to which stand the ruins of an old castle oa 
 the left; at the eighty-third mile stone a cross road leading 
 to Loughrea, sweeps off on the left; at the eighty-seventh 
 mile stone a cross road on the right leads to Castle Blakeney ; 
 at the eighty-eighth mile stone, are the ruins of an old church 
 on the left, and a little farther on, in the same direction, stands 
 Dunsandle, the splendid and magnificent residence of James 
 Daly, Esq. representative of this very independent county ; at 
 the eighty- ninth mile stone, a cross road on the right stretches 
 towards Gort; here are situated the ruins of two old castles, 
 one on the right and another on the left. The distance interve- 
 ning between Kilconnel and Athenry, is thickly interspersed 
 with beautiful residences, highly embellished with well planted 
 demesnes. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Athenry, 
 
 Ballane, Kiltullagh, Monivea. 
 
 Kilrickill, Athenry, 
 
 Athenry^ — Distant ninety-one miles and three quarters from 
 Dublin Castle, though now nmch decayed, was formerly a 
 walled town, and deemed a place of importance, whose civil 
 government was vested in a portrieve , it has a barrack for three 
 companies of foot, which are generally unoccupied ; it gave 
 the title of Baron to the family of Birmingham, now extinct 
 by the demise of the late Earl of Louth, primier Baron of 
 Ireland, who died without male issue. In 1133, this town 
 was destroyed by Conor O'Brien. Its monasjtic institutions 
 previous to the Reformation, were a splendid monastery for 
 Dominican friars under the invocation of ,St. Peter and St. 
 
368 
 
 NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 Paul, founded in 1^241, to which monastery Meyler de Bir- 
 mingham, second Baron of Athcnry, at the instigation of St, 
 Dominick, granted liberal endowments ; Walter, Earl of Ulster, 
 was a munificent benefactor to this abbey. In 1297, the friars 
 of this house had a violent controversy with the arch-bishop 
 of Tuam, respecting the privileges of exemption from the 
 jurisdiction of episcopal visitation. In 1400, Pope Boniface 
 the Ninth, granted certain indulengces to all persons visiting 
 this abbey on certain festivals, and piously contributing by cha- 
 ritable contributions, to procure funds for its embellishment 
 and repairs; this indulgence was revived and confirmed by Pope 
 Martin the Fifth, and Eugene the Fourth : this was a very 
 compendious and expeditious mode of finding ways and means 
 of replenishing an exhausted ecclesiastical exchequer. Lord 
 Richard Burgh, and Ulick Rufus Burgh, were munificent 
 benefactors to this abbey. Queen Elizabeth granted this mo- 
 nastery with all its possessions to the Portrieve and Burgesses 
 of Athenry in capite for ever, at a trifling annual rent, Irish 
 currency. The fragments of this edifice which still exist, prove 
 it to have been a very sumptuous structure ; a great portion of 
 it was removed to make room for the barrack, built upon 
 a part of its scite. In 1464, a Franciscan friary, under the 
 invocation of St. Michael, was founded here by Thomas, Earl 
 of Kildare, whose wife, Margeret Gibbon, erected one chapel; 
 the Earl of Desmond added a second, and O'Tully built a third 
 to adorn the edifice, and edify the populace. This town was 
 a borough previous to the Union, returning two members to 
 the Irish parliament. The ruins of a very strong castle still 
 remain to record its ancient splendour ; two roads branch olF 
 on the right from this town, one leading to Turloughmore, and 
 the other to Headford ; at the ninety-fourth mil;e stone a cross 
 road branches off to the left; on this side of the ninety-fifth 
 mile stone stand the ruins of an old castle to the left ; on this 
 side of the nniety-sixth mile stone, the road from Loughrea 
 unites on the left ; on this side of the ninety-seventh mile stone 
 the roadlrom Ross joins on the left. At the ninety-eighth 
 mile stone stands Oranmore already described ; at the one 
 hundredth mile stone stand the ruins of an old castle on the 
 left ; near the one hundred and one mile stone are situated the 
 ruins of two old castles on the right ; at the one hundredth 
 and two mile stone the road from Tuam unites ou the right. 
 
(IF 
 
ton IRELANDi 
 
 To Galway, by Ballinasloe, 
 
 
 
 Miles. 
 
 Rallinasloe 
 
 
 • » ~*" 
 
 711 
 
 Kilconnel 
 
 
 • • 6\ 
 
 781 
 
 New Inn 
 
 
 34 
 
 82 
 
 Athenry 
 
 
 . . 91 
 
 911 
 
 Oranmore * 
 
 • • 
 
 61 
 
 98 
 
 Galway 
 
 
 * 4$ 
 
 1021 
 
 Galwai/y — Distant one hundred and tvVo miles and a quarter 
 from the Castle of Dublin, by the Athenry road) together with its 
 liberties, extendhig four miles in all directions, measured from 
 the tholsel as a centre, constitutes a distinct county, enjoying 
 particular immunities, and exercising municipal jurisdiction. — 
 It originally was a walled town, regularly flanked with towers 
 and bastions ; its form a parallellogram, three sides of which 
 were protected with a strong wall, crowned with ramparts, 
 erected in the most commanding positions ; the remaining por- 
 tion was flanked by a deep, broad, and rapid river. The en- 
 closed space consists of four main streets, running in a parallel 
 direction, and intersected at convenient distances, by cross 
 streets and lanes^ nearly at right angles : some of the originally 
 constructed castles still existing, exhibit specimens of well 
 finished and permanent workmanship. As security and per- 
 sonal protection suggested the necessity of encompassing towns 
 with walls, ramparts, and fortifications, againet the suddcR 
 incursions of piratical plunderers, or the outrageous violence 
 of lawless banditti, in turbulent and troublesome times, when the 
 arm of the executive power was too feeble to repress the violence 
 of individual encroachment and lawless oppression, so crowded 
 habitations filled the enclosed space : such buildings, constructed 
 for such purposes, could only be distinguished for strength and 
 durability, where elegance and extensive accommodations could 
 not be united ; most of these old monuments are now razed to 
 the ground, to the ineffable comfort of the inhabitants, who 
 now enjoy the unrestrained circulation of purer air. Extensive 
 stores and comfortable dwellings are rapidly covering these 
 places, where formerly the cannon roared, and stern Mars 
 growled with a hideous, frowning, and desolating aspect. — 
 Dominick-street, lately erected in the suburbs, is uniform, spa- 
 cious, elegant, and airy, and forms a striking contrast to the 
 gloomy grandeur of the clumsy and massive mansions originally 
 
 3 B 
 
KEW traveller's teuiDfi 
 
 constrticted within the walls of the old town, when no shelte? 
 could be obtained but within the enclosure of a strongly en- 
 vironed fortification. Its civil government is vested in a mayor, 
 sheriffs, recorder, common-council, and freemen ; and is most 
 advantageously situated for carrying on a most extensive foreign 
 and inland trade, lying at the bottom of a very spacious bay, 
 and having an internal fresh-water communication, by means 
 of Lough Corrib, stretching more than thirty miles into the 
 country, and discharging its redundant waters, by an impetuous 
 current, which, when flooded, furiously rushes into the bay. 
 AVithin the walls are three nunneries, three friaries, and three 
 barracks ; there are two distinct court-houses, one for the 
 County at large, where the County members are elected, and 
 the other for the County of the town of Gal way, situated over 
 a very elegant and splendid tholsel, erected on square pillars of 
 hewn stone. The infirmary is judiciously placed in a lofty, 
 wholesome, and airy situation, at the eastern entrance into the 
 town. A plain substantial building has been lately finished, in 
 a retired and airy situation, for a school, on Erasmus Smyth's 
 charitable foundation. The goal lately erected , IS a most mag-* 
 nificent massy pile, situated in a retired insulated spot at the 
 west end of the town, formed by the ramifications of the vast 
 body of water rolling from the lake : here a considerable foreign 
 commerce is carried on, and also a brisk inland trade. Its 
 shops are plentifully assorted with those articles which vanity 
 requires or necessity demands. Coarse woollen cloths are 
 manufactured here, but on a very contracted scale, as no ca- 
 pitalists have as yet embarked in this profitable speculation in 
 this quarter. The hnen manufacture, although but recently 
 introduced, promises a vigorous and permanent maturity. 
 Kelp burning, and the extensive herring and other fisheries 
 carried on in the bay, and its many creeks and harbour^^, 
 (ntiploy a numerous, hardy, and industrious population ; and 
 the great abundance of all kinds of most delicious fish, almost 
 daily exhibited at the market, and generally sold at very mo- 
 derate prices, prove that the fishermen inhabiting the suburbs 
 of this very populous town, are enterprising and skilful matiners. 
 Here is also a very extensive salmon fishery ; great quantities 
 of eels are also taken in the proper season. The flesh and 
 vegetable markets are plentifully supplied. There is but one 
 parochial church, whicli is a magnificent Gothic srtucture. — 
 Tliis town was invested by General Ginkle, after his decisive 
 victory at Aghi im, who subdued it after an ineffectual but con- 
 sideraiie resistance. In 1296, Sir William de Burgh, sur- 
 
ton IRELAND. 
 
 «7l 
 
 named the Grey, founded a monastery for Franciscan friars on 
 St. Stephens' Island, situated without the north gate of the 
 town. In 1381, Pope Urban empowered the guardian to 
 excommunicate every person in the province of Connaught, 
 who should adhere to Pope Clement the Seventh. In 1 494, 
 the friars of this house obtained a licence from Pope Alexander 
 the Sixth, to annex the chapel of our lady, then adjoining one 
 of the gates of the town, to this friary. In 1779, the tomb of 
 Sir William de Burgh, the founder, was discovered upwards 
 of four feet under ground, with his family arms, and a very 
 long broad sword, elegantly carved ; some fragments of 
 this friary still exist. Near the west gate of the town, without 
 the walls, stood the monastery of St. Mary of the Hill ; on the 
 nuns* abandoning it, it was seized by the secular, clergy, 
 who kept forcible possession for a considerable time ; but on a 
 remonstrance of the inhabitants to Pope Innocent the Eighth, 
 it was granted to the Dominican Friars, by a bull dated Decem- 
 ber the 4th, 1488. The cemetery is the only existing vestige 
 of this establishment ; the entire edifice having been demolished 
 by the townsmen, lest the besieging general, deputed by Crom- 
 well in 1652, might convert the fortification into an additional 
 instrument of annoyance. In 1508, an Augustinian friary 
 was founded by Stephen Lynch, and Margaret his wife, at the 
 earnest solicitation of Richard Nangle, a friar of the same 
 order, who afterwards became archbishop of Tuam. A Car- 
 melite friary is supposed to have been founded by one of the 
 de Burgh's, respecting whose history no records exist. A 
 nunnery was founded in a small island, situated in the mouth 
 of Lough Corrib, at the west end of the town ; no traces of 
 historical records fexist to elucidate the ultimate destiny of this 
 establishment, neither does the author of the Monasticon 
 describe how. the . possessions of these different monastic esta- 
 blishments were disposed at their final suppression. 
 
 To Ne'iVtown Bellew, hy Ballinadoe, 
 
 Ballinasloe, 
 
 Ahascragh, • . . 61 
 
 Caltragh, . . . 3 4 
 
 Mount Belle w Bridge, . 3+ 
 
 Newtown Belle w, . . 2| 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 714 
 
 78^ 
 82 
 85* 
 871 
 
 Parishes in tlie Baromj of Killian, 
 Killeroran, Killian, Ballynakclly. 
 
372 
 
 KEW TRAVELLER*^ GUIDfi 
 
 Ahaseragh, -^On the road passing between Ballinasloe and 
 Newtown Bellew, is situated the village of Ahaseragh, distant 
 seventy-eight miles and a quarter from the Castle of Dublin; 
 within two miles of this village stands Clonbrock, the beautiful 
 mansion and highly improved demesne of Lord Clonbrock. 
 
 CaUmghf-r-ls a poor hamlet, distant eighty-two miles from 
 the Castle of Dublin by the Ballinasloe road. 
 
 Mount Bellew Bridge, — Is distant eighty-five miles and a 
 quarter from the Castle of Dublin; where very extensive 
 flower mills are erected. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Tiaquin. 
 
 Ballymacward, Kilksrrin, Moilogh, 
 
 Clonkeen, Knock moy, Killoscobe. 
 
 Newtown Bellew — Is a neat, smart, little village, distant 
 eighty-seven miles and three quarters from the Castle of Dublin^ 
 by the Ballinasloe road : near which, is a beautiful seat, the resi- 
 dence of Sir Edward Bellew, Bart. Within a mile of this 
 village, stand the venerable ruins of Castle Bellew. On the 
 joad passing between Athlone and Tuam, Galway County com- 
 mences at the seventy-second mile stone. 
 
 Balli?iajnore, — Distant seventy-four miles and three quarters 
 from the Castle of Dublin, is an inconsiderable village, plea- 
 santly situated on the river Suck. Here the road from Ros- 
 common unites on the right, and the road on the left leads to 
 Castle Blakeney. 
 
 Caltragh, — Is a poor hamlet, distant seventy-nine miles from 
 the Castle of Dublin by the Ballinamore road. A cross road 
 on the right leads to Newtown Bellew. 
 
 Castleblakeney, — Distant eighty miles and a half from the 
 Castle of Dublin, is a moderately sized village, much frequented 
 by travellers passing from Tuam to Ballinasloe. Here is a 
 plain, substantial, well built church. A cross road on the right, 
 runs towards Newtown Bellew, and the road from Ballinasloe 
 joins on the left. 
 
 Menlough, — Is an inconsiderable village, distant eighty-three 
 miles and three quarters from the Castle of Dublin. A cross 
 road on the right, sweeps towards Newtown Bellew ; at the 
 eighty-six mile stone, a cross road on the left runs to Loughrea, 
 and another on the right leads to Tuam : at this intersection 
 of the cross roads, the ruins of an old castle stand on the 
 right ; at the eighty-eight mile stone, are the ruins of an old 
 castle situated on the right, and a cross road on the same side, 
 winds towards Tuam. 
 
FOB IRELAND. 
 
 S73 
 
 Mmeoea^ — Distant eighty-nine miles and a quarter from the 
 Castle of Dublin, is a neat small village. Here is a charter- 
 school, which was liberally endowed by the munificent bounty 
 of the late Robert French, Esq. ; by whose enlightened and 
 patriotic exertions, the linen manufacture was first introduced 
 into this district, where it now vigorously flourislies. A cross 
 road on the left, leads to Athenry, and another on the right, 
 runs to Turloghmore. The distance intervening between 
 Ballinamore and Monevea, is thickly scattered m ith pleasant 
 country seats and well planted deme«nes, which very much 
 enliven the prospect, and diversify the scenery. At the ninety- 
 two mile stone, a cross road on the right, leads to Tuam, and 
 another on the left, runs to Athenry : a little beyond the ninety- 
 four mile stone, a cross road on the left winds towards Athenry;. 
 here stand the ruins of an old castle on the left ; at the ninety - 
 eight mile stone, the road passing between Oranmore and 
 Tuam intersects nearly at right angles. In the short interven- 
 ing distance of four miles from thence to Galway, the road is 
 flanked in almost an uninterrupted chain, with the ruins of old 
 castles. 
 
 Galway^ — In this direction, is distant one hundred and two 
 iniles and a quarter from the Castle of Dublin. 
 
 To Galxvai/, hy Ballinamore. 
 
 Ballinamore, , 
 Caltragh, . . • 
 
 Castle Blakeney, • . . li 
 Menlough, . • . 
 
 Monevea, .... 5^ 
 Galway, .... 13 
 
 (MilesO 
 
 74| 
 79 
 801 
 83-4- 
 89* 
 1021 
 
 At the seventy-seven mile stone of the road running towards 
 Tuam, a branch sweeps off on the right, leading to Dunmore; 
 at the eighty mile stone, are the ruin* of an old church, situ- 
 ated on the left : here the road from Castle Blakeney unites on 
 the left. 
 
 Newtoivn BellexsO) — Is distant eighty-two miles and a half from 
 the Castle of Dublin by the Tuam road. A cross road on the 
 left, leads to Kilconnel, and another on the right, runs toCrcggs; 
 at the eighty-three mile stone, stand the ruins of an old castle, 
 and Moilogh church situated on the right ; here a cross road 
 on the right sweeps towards Dunmore : at the eighty-six mije 
 Stone, a cross road on the left, winds towards Galway. 
 
NLW traveller's guide 
 
 Parishes in the Barovy of Dunamore. 
 
 Bulowna, Addergool, Liskeery, 
 
 Clonbracn, Kilbennan Tuam, 
 
 Dunmore, Kilconla, 
 
 At the ei^rlity-eight mile stone, a diagonal cross road on the 
 left, runs to Galway ; a little farther on, the ruins of an old 
 castle lie on the left; at the eighty-nine mile stone, a cross 
 road on the right leads to Duiunore; and another, on the 
 left runs to Galway ; a little farther on, stand the ruins of an 
 old castle on the left : at the ninety mile stone, the road crosses 
 the river Moyne; on this side of the ninety-two mile stone, a 
 cross road on the left leads to Galway; and on the right, 
 stands Birmingham, the splendid residence of the late Earl of 
 Louth. 
 
 Tuam, — Distant ninety-three miles from the Castle of Dublin, 
 is a large, populous, well built town, consisting of four main 
 streets, which diverge nearly at right angles from the market- 
 house. Here also is an elegant mall, which is selected by the 
 opulent for a residence : there are many bye lanes and allies, 
 thickly inhabited by an industrious populace, and working 
 mechanics. It is an archiepiscopal see. The palace is a spa- 
 cious, venerable structure. The cathedral, situated at the 
 western extremity of the town, is a neat, but not a very ex- 
 tensive edifice, adc^raed with a lofty spire and steeple. The 
 Diocesan School- Plouse, is a very handsome building, situated 
 on the Dublin road; and the market-house, placed in the 
 centre of the town, has an agreeable effect, being erected on 
 square stone pillars. This town is furnished with a great 
 variety of shops, very well assorted, and carries on a very 
 brisk retail trade. The linen manufacture is gradually extend- 
 ing in this vicinity, and its infant efflorescence promises a 
 vigorous maturity, and will constitute an additional incitement 
 to industry among a numerous population, increase their com- 
 forts, and civilize their habits, as poverty and ignorance are 
 invariably found to exist inseparable companions ; for whenever 
 tlie policy of the >state can devise suit able employment to occupy 
 the attention and remunerate the industry of the peasantry, the 
 foundation of regeneration is firmly laid, and the i^uperstructurc 
 of civilization is a consequence that invariably ensues. A mind 
 sufficiently enlightened, will keenly and invariably cling to that 
 political institution which most effectually supports individual 
 prosperity, and will distinctly discern that the happiness of the 
 
tOR IRELAND*. 
 
 315 
 
 community is identified with, and cannot survive, national 
 degradation and debasement ; and that the paternal governmenfc 
 which affords such industrious resources, ought to be cherished 
 and supported by evejjp subject enjoying the prerogative of 
 exercising his talents, * unfettered and unrestrained by the 
 interposition of obsolete distinctions and feudal prohibitions. 
 Such are the blessings dispensed by our inimitable constitution, 
 where every individual born within the pale of its jurisprudence, 
 inherits this privilege ; the peasantry rendered sensible of these 
 inestimable advantages, would quickly exhibit a very different 
 feature; but alas, they are misled by deeply imbibed prejudices, 
 which causes them to flounder in the mire of disaffection ; but 
 industrious habits judiciously inculcated, and a broad system of 
 education adapted to existing circumstances, will effectually 
 dissipate these countervailing animosities, obstructing the career 
 of national tranquillity. In 487, an abbey was founded here, 
 under the invocation of the Virgin Mary. St. Jarleth is sup- 
 posed to have converted the church into a cathedral, in the 
 sixth century. The city of Tuam is traditionally reported to 
 have been erected in honour of this most exemplary prelate, 
 whose remains were preserved in a chapel, called the Church 
 of the Shrine ; three persons are expressly mentioned as having 
 been abbots of Tuam, after the death of this saint ; first, 
 Cellach, son of Eochad, who died in 805 ; second, Nauded Hua 
 Bolchain, abbot and anchorite, who died in 877 : the third was 
 named Conagh, son of Kieran, constituted abbot of Tuam 
 and prior of Clonfert, who died in 879. In 1 14^0, the priory 
 of St. John the Baptist was founded by Tirdilvac O'Connox' 
 King of Ireland ; on its suppression, it was granted, with all 
 its possessions, to Richard, Earl of Clanrickard. The abbey 
 of the Holy Trinity was founded by the family of de Burgh, 
 either in the reign of King John, or in the beginning of Henry 
 the Third's for Premonstrc Canons. Tuam, with all its churches, 
 was consumed by fire in 1241'. Queen Elizabeth granted thh 
 monastery, with all its possessions, to the burgesses and com- 
 monalty of Athenry : it gives the title of Viscount to the 
 family of Wenman ; Sir Richard Wenman having been, by 
 It'tters patent, created Viscount Wenman of Tuam, in 1628^ 
 It was a borough previous to the Union, returning two mem- 
 bers to the Irish Parliament. A road sweeping from the centre 
 of the town, wiods by the demesne of Birmingham on tha 
 l ight, in its course towards Duiunore. Two roads issue from 
 the lower extremity of the town ; that on the right, leads to 
 JjLinmacreene, and the other on the left, runs to Hollymount; 
 
876 
 
 iJEw traveller's guide 
 
 at the ninety-four mile stone, the road leading to Hollyniounf, 
 crosses the Ballygaddy-river ; at the ninety-five mile stone, are 
 situated the ruins of Kilbennan Church on the left; here 
 also stands a round tower in the same direction ; at the ninety- 
 seven mile stone, there is a small lake situated on the right ; 
 a little farther on, are the ruins of an old castle to the right ; 
 at the ninety-eight mile stone, stands a small lake on the right, 
 and a cross road on the right leads to Fertamore ; a little farther 
 on, another cross road on the right runs towards Clare ; at the 
 hundred hiile stone, stands a lake on the right, and a road 
 branching off to the left, leads to Ballinrobe; and a little 
 farther on, the county terminates in this direction, where the 
 road passes between two small lakes, A road issues from the 
 western extremity of the town, which runs towards Headford. 
 At the ninety-five mile stone, it crosses the Clare-river ; here 
 the road forks into two branches, that on the left, leads to 
 Galway, and the other on the right, runs to Headford ; at the 
 ninety-seven mil6 stone, is situated the fine demesne of Castle- 
 hacket on the right, and the ruins of an old castle stand on 
 the left. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Clare, 
 
 Carrigin, 
 
 Donaghpatrick, 
 
 Kilcoonagh, 
 
 Killeny, 
 
 Killererin, 
 
 Kilkilvery, 
 Kilmoilan, 
 Killower, 
 Killursa, 
 
 AnnaghdowHj 
 Belclare, 
 Clare, 
 Lackah. 
 
 To Headford^ hy BalUnamore, 
 
 Ballinamore, 
 Newtown Belle w, 
 Tuam, 
 
 Castle Hacket, 
 Headford, 
 
 
 
 ( MUes. ) 
 
 
 
 
 74.| 
 
 • 
 
 • 
 
 8 
 
 82^ 
 
 • 
 
 • 
 
 10| 
 
 93 
 
 
 • 
 
 4^ 
 
 9li 
 
 
 • 
 
 5i 
 
 103 
 
 A little beyond the ninety-nine mile stone, a cross road on 
 the right, leads to Shrule : and farther on, another on the left, 
 runs to Galway ; at the hundred mile stone, stands a church 
 on the right, romanticly situated on the borders of a lake. 
 
 Headford, — Distant one hundred and three miles from the 
 Castle of Dublin, is a tolerably well built and moderately sizerl 
 
FOR -IRELAND. 
 
 3V7 
 
 \il\age. Here is a very venerable church, adorned with a spire 
 and steeple ; there is also a barrack for a troop of horse. — 
 Contiguous to the town, stands a venerable mansion^ the 
 occasional residence of the 8t. George family. A cross road 
 on the left, leads to Cahirmorris ; from the western extremity 
 of the town, a road issues, which runs towards Lough Corrib, 
 Cong, the Neal, &c. ; here the Black-water flowing into Lough 
 Corrib, bounds the County in this direction ; on the Mayo side 
 of this rivei*, are situated the splendid ruins of Ross Abbey, 
 distant about two miles to the west of Headford. Lough 
 Corrib is a beautiful fresh water collection about thirty miles 
 long, and in some places more than six miles broatl ; it is 
 thickly studded with islands, many of which are inhabited : its 
 navigation is much impeded by latent rocks, whose exact posi- 
 tions are only known by those boatmen who continually sail 
 upon it, and are employed as water carriers for such goods and 
 provisions as are conveyed to, and from Galway, [)y such n 
 cheap and expeditious conveyance. The Gillaroe trout, a very 
 delicate fish, is found in this lake, as well as in Lough Carra in 
 the County of Mayo. This fish weighs from 12 t^ IS poundh> 
 and is remarkable for having an extraordinary gizard resembling 
 a large fowl ; this gizard is separately dressed, and is esteemed 
 a favourite dish. On that branch of the road leading from 
 Ballinamore to Dunmore, near the seventy-sixth mile stone, 
 are situated the ruins of an old church on the right ; at the 
 seventy-seven mile stone, the road from Mount Talbot unites 
 on the right, and a cross road on the left leads to Tuam ; at 
 the eighty-one mile stone, the roiid from Castleblakeney joins 
 on the right. 
 
 Kilkcrran — Is a small village, distant eighty-three miles aad 
 a half from the Castle of Dublin ; a cross road on the right 
 leads to Creggs ; on this side of the eighty-fourth mile stone, 
 lie the ruins of an old church on the left ; a little beyond the 
 eighty-fifth mile stone, a cross road on the right loads to Gla- 
 namado ; at the eighty-sixth mile stone, stand the ruins of an 
 old castle on the right, and the ruins of an old church are situ- 
 ated on the left. On this side of the eighty-seventh mile stone, 
 a cross road on the left leads to Newtown liellew ; at the eighty- 
 ninth mile stone, a cross road on the left, sweeps to Claddagh, 
 and a small lake is situated on the right. 
 
 Dunmore^ — Distant ninety-one miles and a (juarlcr from the 
 Castle of Dublin, though now much decayed, was Ibrmcrly the 
 royal residence of the O' Kelly s ; it is plentiful iy wai,ered by a 
 pleasant streamlet which winds round the towrj. In ) 133, tlua 
 
 3 c 
 
iiE\f traveller's guide 
 
 town was destroyed by Conor O'Brien. St. Patrick founded 
 a monastery there, and consecrated St. Tultaragh its bishop. 
 In 1 4-25', Waller de Birmingham, Lord of Athenry, founded a 
 friary for Aiigustin Eremities on the scite of the old abbey ; a 
 portion of the edifice is now converted into a parochial church, 
 the remainder has been levelled, and now forms the market- 
 place. Henry Mossop, the celebrated actor, was born here, 
 whose father, an eminent mathematician, wa"S rector of Dun- 
 more. A cross road on the left h^ih to Tnara, and another on 
 the right, winds towards Ballinlough. The road issuing from 
 the lower extremity of the town, stretches towards Ballindine. 
 At a little beyond this town, the county terminates in this di- 
 rection. 
 
 ToDiinmore by Ballinamore. 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Ballinamore - - — I 74f 
 
 Kilkerran - - - 9 ( 83^ 
 
 Punmore - 7l | 91i 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of BaUimoc* 
 
 Ballinakil, Dunamon, Kilbegnet, 
 
 Killeroan, Templetogher. 
 
 On the road crossing between Ballintobber and Dunmore, is 
 situated the small village of Ballimoe, distant seventy-nine 
 miles and three quarters from the Castle of Dublin ; it is plea- 
 santly situated on the western bank of the river Suck ; there are 
 no considerable towns or villages in this Barony. Its remain- 
 ing hamlets are Milford, Dunamon, Glinsk, Curlagh, Killery, 
 Corylmore-park. On the road passing between Galway and 
 Tuam, there are in the space of three milps, the ruins of five 
 old castles, closely ranged contiguous to each other on either 
 sitle of the road, 
 
 To Dunmore hy Ballimoe. 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Ballimoe * - — 1 79 1 
 
 Dunmore ^ - - Hi | 91^ 
 
roU IRELAND. 
 
 Care GaJway, — Distant five miles and three quarters from 
 Gal way town, is a decayed village, pleasantly situated ou a 
 very rapid and impetuous torrent of the same name, and very 
 subject to inundations after violent rains. On the brink of this 
 river, close to the bridge, stand the splendid ruins of a very 
 strongly built castle, which most probably, was originally 
 constructed with a view to guard this important pass. A 
 cross road on the right leads to Oranmore. About the year 
 1200, John de Cogan founded a monastery, built in a very ele- 
 gant and splendid stile, for Franciscan Friars in this villnge. 
 In 1296, Philip de Blund, Archdeacon of Tuam, was indicted 
 by the reverend fraternity of this community, for having forci- 
 bly and sacreligiously taken from this friary the chest contain- 
 ing pontificial robes, episcopal mitre, and pastoral staff, be- 
 longing to the see of Enachdun long vacant, which for securi- 
 ty, was deposited in this abbey. The learned author of the 
 Monasticon, does not gratify curiosity, by relating the result of 
 so singular an accusation, and so novel a trial. In 1368, Tho- 
 mas, Lord Athenry, liberally granted very valuable possessions 
 to this establishment, for the purposes of purchasing bread, 
 wine, and wax, for the celebrating of mass. The high tower 
 in the centre of the church, erected upon arches, is a very cu- 
 rious specimen of architectural science. No records attest to 
 whom the extensive possessions of this abbey Vv'ere granted on 
 its suppression. A little beyond the sixth mile stone, the road 
 forks into two branches; that on the left leads to Headford, 
 the other on the right to Tuam ; at the eighth mile stone, a 
 cross road on the right leads to Cregg; on this side of the ele- 
 venth mile stone, a cross road on the right leads to Corrafin, 
 and the ruins of an old castle are situated in the same direction; 
 at the fourteenth mile stone, a cross road on the left leads to 
 
 ..Headford ; at the sixteenth mile stone stands Tuam, already 
 described. On the branch of the road leading to Headford, 
 stands . Cregg Castle on the left, celebrated for being the resi- 
 dence of that most sagacious chemist, naturalist and philoso- 
 pher, the late lamented Richard Kirwan, Esq., president of the 
 Royal Irish Academy, whose immortal memory will survive 
 
 . the revolutions of time and the subversion of empires, and can 
 only be consigned to oblivion when mankind reverts to its ori- 
 ginal state of primiveal barbarity, or when time shall be swal- 
 lowed in eternity. Here stands a plahi small neat church, 
 
 ^^dorned with a plain square steeple. 
 
 Cahermorres — Is a sinftll hamlet, distant ten miles and three 
 
380 
 
 NEW' Tf»AVELLEIl'S GUIDE 
 
 quarters from Galwa}^, where there is a tolerably well supplied 
 imi, much resorted to by travellers passing to and from Gal way : 
 here tlie road forks into two branches ; that on the right leading 
 to Shriile, and the other on the left, winds towards Headford; 
 at the eleventh mile stone, are situated the ruins of an old cas- 
 tle on the left, contiguous to the shore of Lough Corrib; at the 
 thirteenth mile stone, stand the ruins of an old church on the 
 right ; at the fourteenth mile stone, are situated the ruins of an 
 old church and an old castle on the left ; at the fifteenth mile 
 stone, stands Headford already described. 
 
 To Headford hy Clare Galway, 
 
 Clare Gal way - - — 5 1 
 
 Tnam - - - lOi 16 
 
 Caherniorres - - 5 21 
 
 Headford - - - 4| 25 J- 
 
 i/*dr}shes in the Baronij of 3IoycuUe?i, including Galwaij 
 Liberties, 
 
 Arranmore Island, Galway, Killameen, 
 Kilcommon, MoycuUen Inismain Island, 
 
 Innishcrc. 
 
 From the western extremity of the town of Galway, a road 
 winds along the western shore of Lough Corrib, beneath the 
 base of lofty mountains, bordering on the lake. On this side 
 of the one hundred and seventh mile stone, are situated the ru- 
 ins of two old castles standing on the opposite sides of the river, 
 as if designed to defend the pass; at the one hundred and 
 eighth mile stone, stands the delightful demesne of Dangan, the 
 property of Ricluird Martin, Esq,, representative in the last 
 Parliament for this extensive county, and on the opposite side 
 of the river, is situated that ancient and venerable mansion, 
 Menlogh Castle, the residence of Sir John Blake, Bart., whose 
 brother is representative for the town of Galway. This vicini- 
 ty is a continuous cluster of beautiful dimesnes, commanding 
 most enchanting and romantic prospects ; at the one hundred 
 rand eleventh mile stone, is situated MoycuUen Lake on the 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 318 
 
 right, overshadowed by the lofty pinnacle of an impending 
 mountain ; at the one hundred and twelfth mile stone, stands 
 Knock-ferry over Lough Corrib ; at the one hundred and four- 
 teenth mile stone, are the three romantic little lakes of Ross, 
 and the ruins of an old church situated on the right. 
 
 Oughterard, — Distant one hundred and nineteen miles and 
 three quarters from the Castle of Dublin, is an inconsiderable 
 village, where there is a barrack for a company of foot : here is 
 also a chalybeate Spa deemed very efficacious to heal real or im- 
 raaginary complaints ; as the waters remove actual maladies, so 
 likewise does the pure air of this salubrious and sequestered re- 
 treat brace the nerves, and dissipate hypocoadrical vapours. 
 A summer residence here is deemed a sovereign remedy to re- 
 store good temper to sour, harsh, morose, and censorious old 
 maids. 
 
 Parish in the Barony of Boss, 
 Ross. 
 
 This small Barony hath neither towns, hamlets, nor villages, 
 and its only high road, is one winding from Cong, through its 
 steep and craggy mountains to Oughterard ; great portions of 
 Loughs Corrib and Mask, are situated in this Barony. The 
 solitary wilds of this sequestered spot were chosen for the erec- 
 tion of a monastic establishment, where an abbey for conven- 
 tual Franciscans was founded in 1431, which was reformed by 
 the Observantines in 1470. No other particulars of its historical 
 events are collected in the Monasticon, nor is it known to 
 whose lot its possessions fell at the scramble held about the 
 booty at its suppression. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of BllinahinoJi^ or Connomara, 
 
 Ballinakil, Ballindown, Inisboiin Island, 
 
 Moirus, Umond. 
 
 The road from Oughterard proceeds in continuation to Bal- 
 linahinch, and then forks into two branches, one leading to 
 Killery Bay, and the other to Dog's Head. The Baronies of 
 Ross and Ballinahinch, are by the natives demoninated Joice 
 Country, because these districts were formerly exclusively pes- 
 
382 
 
 NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 scssed by that once formidable and ungovernable sept. At tlio 
 village of Ballinahinch, whence the Barony is denominated, 
 a monastery for Carmelites or white friars, was founded by 
 O' Flaherty in 1356, respecting which, no farther records ex- 
 ist. The general cliaracteristic feature of this barony, assimu- 
 iates in all particulars to all wild mountainous and uncultiva- 
 ted tracts, invariably composed of either rocky or moory pQaks, 
 from wliose summits innumerable gullies precipitate into the 
 vallies beneath, some of which are fertile and verdant, the na- 
 tural effect of their relative position, as their soil must invaria- 
 bly consist of the fine mould dragged by the torrents in their 
 descent, and deposited on the horizontal plain, when the su- 
 persaturation of the extraneous substance ejvceeds the positive 
 gravity of the liquid element. This Barony abounds with bay?, 
 harbours, promontories, and creeks, and if properly colonized 
 with intelligent cultivators, would quickly assume a more che- 
 rishing aspect. The surrounding waters abound with every va- 
 riety of the finest fish for the sustenance of man. The manu- 
 facturing of kelp affords employment to the population resid- 
 ing on the coasts during the summer season, and the females 
 display their industry in the knitting of stockings. The inter- 
 nal treasures concealed within the bosoms of the stupendous 
 mountains, have not as yet been so accurately explored as to 
 ascertain what description of mines, minerals, or ores, most 
 universally predominate. This interesting district, affords an 
 ample scope for philosophic investigation, and may at some in- 
 definite period, amply repay the trouble of inspection ; here na- 
 ture has done every thing, but hmnan industry has contri- 
 buted little. From the western boundary of the town of 
 Galway, another road winds along the northern coast of Gal- 
 way Bay, which is continued as far as Costello Bay, situated 
 nearly opposite to the Isles of Arran. The tract of country 
 through which this road runs, assimulates in character to that 
 dcscrilDed as bordering on tlielake; nature exhibits only one essen- 
 tial difference, that the rocks bordering on the lake, are uniform- 
 ly lime-stone ; w hereas, the cliffs lining the iron bound sea coast, 
 consist of granite and other denominations of rocks generally dis- 
 covered in similar situations. Arran Isles, three in number, are 
 placed by the hand of nature at the entrance of Galway Bay, 
 to check and arrest the impetuosity of the billows eternally 
 l olling from the great Atlantic Ocean, and are inhabited by a 
 hardy and industrious peasantry, who extort a comfortable sub- 
 tistance from the scanty soil of their rocky surface, and from 
 the cxhaustlcs stores of fish with which the surrounding ocean 
 
FOR IRE^LAND. 
 
 abounds. A diminitive breed of sheep is re'ared on these 
 islands, whose flesh is highly esteemed for its exquisite fine 
 taste and flavour. A small kind of oats grow on these islands, 
 whose grain is unincumbered with husks. The strength and vi- 
 gour of the Arran calves is proverbial. The inhabitants, at the 
 usual season, follow the hazardous sport of destroying the aqua- 
 tic fowl, resorting to the cavities and fissures of the stupendous 
 cliff's which encircle these islands, for the sake of their feathers. 
 The sportsman is suspended by a rope from the summit of the 
 precipice, in a similar manner as is practised at the Skeligs 
 and in Norway. The inhabitants superstitiously imagine, that 
 on a clear day, they can discern the enchanted island of Hy 
 Brasail, the imaginary paradise of the pagan Irish. On a 
 high cUfF projecting over the sea, in the island of Arranmore, 
 is situated Dun Angus, a circle composed of monstrous stones, 
 })iled without cement, and capable of containing 200 cows, A 
 traditionary report prevails, that Angus, King of C?.shel, about 
 the year 490, granted this island to St. Enna, on condition of 
 his erecting thereon ten churches, fn 1020, the abbey was con- 
 sumed by fire. In 1081, it was plundered by the piratical 
 Danes. In 1S13, the isles of Arran and Bophin were pillaged 
 and burnt by Sir John D'Arcy, Lord Justice of Ireland, who 
 invaded these islands with a fleet of fifty-six sail. These isles 
 are denominated south Arran, in contradistinction to an island 
 of the same name, situated oh the coast of Donegal. They 
 gave thp title of Earl to the family of Butler, lately extinct ; 
 they now confer a similar title on the famiiy of Gore. These 
 islands are designate<l by Ptolemy, with the appellation of 
 Cangonii. Mr Echard, has erroneously supposed Arran to 
 have constituted one of the Baronies of the county of Galway, 
 No such Barony ever existed except in the fancy of the writer. 
 The numerous islands scattered round these coasts, re- 
 quire a more minute investigation than can consistently 
 be bestowed in a collection of this description. Their 
 real properties can only be accurately ascertained by the pa- 
 tient inspection of intelligent observers, whose researches 
 might develope their natural history. 
 
KEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 A Table of Fairs held in this County in every month of the 
 
 ymr. 
 
 Tlaces where held. 
 
 Time. 
 
 
 Jan» 
 
 Ciistle Blakeney . . 
 
 1 
 
 
 Feb. 
 
 Ballymoe . . . 
 
 1 pigs 
 
 Castle Blakeney . . 
 
 2 
 
 J->oiighrea .... 
 
 1 1 
 
 Portumna . . . 
 
 15 
 
 Claran Bridge . . 
 
 18 
 
 Mount- Shannon 
 
 28 
 
 
 March, 
 
 Kilcrist . • • . 
 
 1 
 
 Ballymoe .... 
 
 Castle Blakeney . . 
 
 13 
 
 17 
 
 Ballinasloe . . . 
 
 27 
 
 
 April, 
 
 Atiaseragh . . . 
 
 19 
 
 Eyrecourt . . . 
 
 26 
 
 
 May, 
 
 Atlienry .... 
 
 1 
 
 Portumna . . . 
 
 6 
 
 Mount Bellew Bridge 
 
 7 
 
 Dunlow .... 
 
 7 
 
 Kilconnel 
 
 9 
 
 
 10 
 
 
 10 
 
 Headford .... 
 
 11 
 
 Kiltartan .... 
 
 11 
 
 Clonfert .... 
 
 12 
 
 Creggs .... 
 
 12 
 
 Monevea .... 
 
 12 
 
 Cappaghtaggel . . 
 
 13 
 
 Ballymoe .... 
 
 13 
 
 Claran Bridsre » . 
 
 13 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Caltragh . . 
 Clare Galway 
 
 Kinvara . . 
 
 Adrahin . . 
 Oranmore 
 Claremore 
 
 Loughrea . • 
 
 Tynagh . . 
 Mount- Shannon 
 
 Moilogh . . 
 
 Dun more . . 
 Galway 
 
 Claddagh . . 
 
 Tim e. 
 
 Tubberbracken 
 Castle Blakeney 
 Mount Bel lew Bridge 
 Creggs 
 Aliaseragh 
 TuUindally . 
 Kilcorban 
 Moilogh . . 
 Aghrim 
 Isserkelly . . 
 Ballymoe . . 
 Ballinahinch . 
 
 Portumna 
 
 Athenry • . 
 Ballinasloe 
 
 Tuam . . . 
 
 Dunmore . . 
 Tubberpadder 
 
 Eyrecourt . . 
 
rOR IRELAND. SS3 
 
 Places wheve held. 
 
 T V. o 
 
 T'iaces whcTC held. 
 
 Time 
 
 J. nnsm 
 
 Tubberindonny . . 
 
 1 2 
 
 Ballinasloe . . , 
 
 UCt, 
 
 Caltragh .... 
 
 12 
 
 5 to 9 
 
 Dunlow .... 
 
 IStolS 
 
 Dunmore .... 
 
 10 
 
 Mount Bellew Bridge 
 
 25 
 
 Tubberpadder 
 
 10 
 
 Castle bJakeney . . 
 
 26 
 
 Newtown Bellew 
 
 1 1 
 
 
 dare Galway . . 
 Monivea .... 
 
 12 
 12 
 
 
 Aug. 
 
 Turlaghmore : 
 
 1 
 
 HeacUorcl . • . . 
 
 14> 
 
 Kilconnel .... 
 
 4; 
 
 Kinvar^, . , . . 
 
 17 
 
 Ciaremore . , 
 
 9 
 
 Portumna .... 
 
 1 7 
 
 Moilogh .... 
 
 10 
 
 Ballinahinch . 
 
 20 
 
 Gort 
 
 1 1 
 
 Oranmore 
 
 20 
 
 Creg^s • . , . . 
 
 1^ 
 
 1 uam 
 
 zU 
 
 Cloniert .... 
 
 32 
 
 Galway .... 
 
 21 
 
 Claran Bridge , ♦ 
 
 12 
 
 Ballymoe .... 
 
 c* ~ 
 
 ZD 
 
 Portumna . . 
 
 15 
 
 Tubberbracken . 
 
 0(Z 
 ZD 
 
 V'laauagn .... 
 
 lb 
 
 Athenry .... 
 
 OQ 
 Zi> 
 
 Lough rea' .... 
 
 20 
 
 
 
 
 
 A 1^1 XT' 1 
 
 Abbey Knockmoy . 
 
 21 
 
 
 r<ov. 
 
 Ballymoe . , . , 
 
 21 
 
 Aghrim . , • ^ 
 
 1 
 
 Anascragn • . , 
 
 2.5 
 
 (jrort ..... 
 
 7 
 
 Isserkel ly .... 
 
 25 
 
 Moilogh .... 
 
 8 
 
 Mount-Shannon 
 
 28 
 
 Kilconnel .... 
 
 1 1 
 
 Tynagh .... 
 
 31 
 
 JNewtown Bellew 
 
 1 1 
 
 
 i^iatKiaffii .... 
 
 1 ii 
 
 
 
 
 Sep. 
 
 Portumna .... 
 
 15 
 
 Kiltarton .... 
 
 
 Claran Bridge . . 
 
 IS 
 
 Fairhill Galway , 
 
 4 
 
 Iviltarton .... 
 
 21 
 
 Kvrecourt .... 
 
 8 
 
 lullynaaaliy . 
 
 
 Glinsk 
 
 18 
 
 Killimore .... 
 
 22 
 
 Kilcorban , . • 
 
 18 
 
 Clonrert . • . . 
 
 22 
 
 Turlaghmore 
 Tubberindonny , . 
 
 18 
 
 A 1 1 
 
 Ahaseragh . . , 
 
 2-1' 
 
 20 
 
 Mount-isliannon 
 
 28 
 
 v^aitragn . . • • 
 Ijralway .... 
 
 21 
 21 
 
 
 
 
 JJec, 
 
 Claremore . . . 
 
 26 
 
 J^ougnrca .... 
 
 5 
 
 Mount Bellew Bridge 
 
 29 
 
 Dunraore .... 
 1 ynagn .... 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 
 
 Caltragh .... 
 
 14. 
 
 
 
 
 Oct, 
 
 Tuam . • . . . 
 
 15 
 
 Meelick .... 
 
 1 
 
 Crc^ggs .... 
 
 39 
 
 (Jastle Blakeney . . 
 
 2 
 
 Claremore . . . 
 
 20 
 
 tci^le jacket . . 
 
 2 
 
 3 D 
 
 j Eyrecouri . , . . 
 
 21 
 
KiiW XKAVEIdbEIl's GUIB£ 
 
 COUNTY OF MAYO. 
 
 The County of Mayo — Is bounded on the south by Gal-^ 
 way, on the west by the Atlantic Ocean, on the north by 'Sligo, 
 and on the east by Roscomfnon. Its greatest extent from north 
 to south, is about sixty miles, and from east to west, about fifty 
 miles. The dimensions of its surface are only exceeded by 
 those of Cork and Galway. Its superfices comprises 790,600 
 acres, Irish plantation measure, including bogs, mountain, and 
 waste. It is divided into nine baronies, Kilmaine, Carra, Bur- 
 rishoole, Morisk, Clonmorris, Costello, Gallen, Tyrawley, Erris^ 
 which contain sixty-eight parishes. The principal lakes are 
 Loughmask, Carra, Raheens, and Loughconn, besides numer- 
 ous small lakes, which in a district less watered, would be deem- 
 ed considerable. The most extensive rivers are the Moy, the 
 Guishender^, the Deal, the Owenmore, the Awenmore, the Robe, 
 with many other fine streams undistinguished by particular 
 jiames. The northern and western portions of this corunty arc 
 mountainous and conjectured to teem with vast quantities of most 
 kinds of minerals. Iron ore is found in great abundance in 
 many places, and was formerly wrought into iron, until the 
 woods failed to afford charcoal for melting. The low grounds 
 of this county are composed of lime stone, and lime stone gravel, 
 equally adapted for tillage or for pasture. The best lands are 
 almost exclusively occupied in grazing, and annually supply the 
 great cattie fair of Ballinasloe with numerous herds of black 
 cattle, and imiuense flocks of sheep, which finally make their 
 way to the Dublin market. 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 387 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Kilmainc^ 
 
 Ballmcalla, 
 Ballinrobe, 
 Cong, 
 
 Kilmainbeg, 
 
 Kilmainmore, 
 Kilmolara, 
 
 Kilcommon, 
 
 Roban, 
 
 Taghkeen. 
 
 ROADS. 
 
 On the Mail Coach road, leading from Tuam to Castleban 
 the county of Mayo commences a little beyond the one hundred 
 mile stone. At the one hundred and one mile stone, a cross 
 road leads to the right. At the one hundrfed and two mile stone, 
 a cross road runs right and left. A little beyond the one hundred 
 and four mile stone, a cross road right and left, and the ruins 
 of an old church lie to the left. 
 
 Hollijmmint — Distant one hundred and five miles and a half 
 from Dublin Castle, is a smdl town, pleasantly situated on the 
 south bank of the river Robe. Here is a very neat church, and 
 the fine mansion and demesne of Mr. Lindsay ; a cross road ou 
 the left leads to Ballinrobe. At the one hundred apd seven 
 jnile stone, a cross road runs to the left, and the ruins of an 
 old castle are situated on the left. At the one hundred and ten 
 mile stone, a cross road runs to the right, and New brook house, 
 the magnificent mansion of Lord Clanmorris, is situated to the 
 left. At the one hundred and eleven mile stone, a cross road 
 runs to the right, and two to the left. Near the one hundred 
 and twelve mile stone, two small lakes lie on the right, and two 
 to the left. 
 
 Near the one hundred and fourteen mile stone, lie the rulnB 
 of two old castles, and a small lake to the right. 
 
 Ballcarra^ — A small village, is delightfully situated at the base 
 of a high hill, on the banks of a large river, which discharges 
 
 PmisJies in ilte Barony of Carra, 
 
 Aglish, 
 
 Ballyhean, 
 
 Breafy, 
 
 Burriscarra, 
 
 Kildacomoge, 
 
 Minola, 
 
 Rossiee, 
 Turlggh, 
 
KEW TR atelier's GlilDE 
 
 its waters into Lough Conn. Here are a good clmrch, a fine 
 jnansion, and extensive demesne, the property of Lord Tyrawly, 
 — a cross road runs to the right. At the one hundred and 
 seventeen mile stone, a cross road l-uns right and left^ At tile one 
 hundred and nineteen mile stone, the road from BatUinrobe 
 unites on the left, and a beautiful lake is situated on the left; a 
 little farther on, the road from Ball unites on the right. 
 
 Castlehar, — Distant one hundred and nineteen miles and a half 
 from Dublin Castle, in this direction, is a large regular well built 
 town, consisting of one wide main street near an English mile 
 long, from which cross streets, and lanes diverge. It is pleasantly 
 situated on the banks of the river issuing from the romantic, 
 picturesque lake of Raheens, situated at a small distance west- 
 ward of the town ; over this river there are two fine bridges. 
 Here are two cavalry barracks, and a modern built goal, a fine 
 court house, a charter school liberally endowed by Lord Lucan^ 
 and a spacious fine church with a very lofty steeple. The linen 
 manufacture flourishes in this vicinity through the patriotic ex- 
 ertions of the late Lord Lucan. Here a brisk inland trade is 
 carried on ; the inhabitants from industrious habits, are gener- 
 ally comfortable, and some even wealthy. Lord Lucan*s vener- 
 Tible castle is boldly situated on the brow of a steep eminence, 
 overhanging the river, and environed by an extensive, and well 
 wooded demesne. On the 26th of August 1798, the French 
 forces under General Humbert, after a well contested a sanguin- 
 ary battle, possessed themselves of this town, until the 4th of 
 September, when on the approach of Marquis Cornwallis, they 
 precipitately retreated towards Sligo. A road runs from Cas-. 
 tlebar by the lofty mountain of Nephin to Tyrawly. 
 
 To Castlehar hy Holly motifiL 
 
 HollyiJioiint . » . . 
 
 
 
 Ballcarra . . . . . » 
 
 i 
 
 115 
 
 Castlebar . . . . 
 
 
 
 Castlebar distant by the Tuam road 
 
 
 n9| 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Tyra'wly, 
 
 Crossraalina, 
 Killala, 
 Kilfian, 
 Addergool, 
 
 Ardagh, 
 Ballinaglishj 
 Donfeeny, 
 Kilbelfad, 
 
 Kilbreedy, 
 
 Kilcummin, 
 
 Lackan, 
 
 Magawnah, 
 Rdthree, 
 Templemurry. 
 
ton IRELAND. 
 
 389 
 
 At tlie eight mile stone from Castlebar, Addergool church 
 starwis to the left, and a small lake is situated on the right. At. 
 the fifteen mile stone, a church lies to the left. At tl^e sixteen 
 mile stone, the road crosses the river Deal ; the road from New- 
 port unites to the left, and a cross road issues to the left, pass- 
 ing through the wild mountains towards Erris ; Lough Conn 
 stands to the right. At the eighteen mile stone, a cross road 
 runs to the right. At the twenty-four mile stone, stands KiU 
 lala. At the twenty-eight mile stone, are the ruins of an old 
 castle to the left. At the twenty-nine mile stone, stands Lack- 
 an castle; a cross road to the left winds along the shore of the 
 Atlantic, to the small village of Erris. On the road passing 
 from the lower extremity of Castlebar, is situated the little vil- 
 lage of Turlough, distant four miles from Castlebar ; remark- 
 able for a lofty round tower, and a fine quarry of jet black 
 marble. 
 
 Strade — Is a small village, distant six miles from Castlebar. 
 where are the ruins of a fine old abbey situated on the bank of 
 the river Moy, which was founded by the sept of M'Jordan, 
 for Friars of the order of St. Francis, under the invocation of 
 the Holy Cross; but in 1252, it was bestowed on the Domini- 
 cans, by Jordan of Exeter, Lord of Athletan, at the earnest 
 solicitations of Basilea his wife ; daughter of the Lord Meiler de 
 Birmingham. In 1434, Pope Eugene the fourth, enriched this 
 monastery with numerous indulgencies. A very small part of 
 this friary now remains ; but the walls of the church, which 
 were singularly beautiful, are still entire; the altar is adorned, 
 with various Gothic ornaments : here is a tomb decorated with 
 curious relivos offour Kings, in different compartments, one of 
 whom is in the posture of kneeling before a mitred person ; 
 near to this is another relievo of St. Peter and St. Paul. Queen 
 Elizabeth granted a determinable lease of this abbey, and its 
 possessions, to Patrick Barnwall, on its suppression. 
 
 On the road passing from Dunmore to Clare, stands the vil- 
 lage of Ballendine, distant ninety-nine miles and a quarter from 
 Dublin Castle : a cross road to the left leads to Hollymount, 
 the direct road runs to Clare. 
 
 To Ballinrobe ly Tuam. 
 
 <Mil«s.) 
 
 Tuam , . . . , — I 93 
 
 Kilmain . . . . . \\\ \ 104t 
 Ballinrobe . . ^ . 4^1 1081 
 
590 
 
 NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 On tlie road passing from Balienlough, the county of Mayo 
 commences at the ninety-one mile stone. 
 
 Parishes in the Bamny of Costello* 
 
 Castlemorc, Kilmovee, Bekan, * 
 
 Killbeagh, Aghavoure, Knockdrumcally. 
 
 Kilcoleman, Annah, ^ 
 
 jBallyhdunis village—Is distant ninety-three miles and three quar- 
 ters from Dublin Castle; here are the ruins of a fine old abbey, 
 which was founded by the family of Nangle, for Augustinian friars, 
 under the invocation of the Virgin Mary. At the commencement 
 of the Irish rebellion, a body of friars seized upon the friary, since 
 which period, no farther particulars are related respecting its 
 liistory. A cross road to the left leads to Dunmore. At the 
 ninety-seven mile stone, are a small lake, and the ruins of an old 
 castle to the left. Near the one hundred mile stone, a cross 
 road runs to the left, aud the ruins of an old castle stand to the 
 
 right. 
 
 To Westport by Bellinrohe^ 
 
 <Mnes.) 
 108 
 
 Ball in robe distant by Tuam . 
 
 Partree 5 113| 
 
 Westport . . . . . IQ\ 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Clonmorris, 
 
 CrosbojTie, Kilcoleman, Kilvine, 
 
 Mayo, Ballagh. 
 
 At the one hundred and three mile stone, a cross road runs 
 to the right, and another to the left, leading to Clare village, 
 situated at a small distance from the main road, where there is 
 a good church. At the one hundred and five mile stone, the 
 ruins of an old castle stand to the right, and of two to the 
 left. 
 
 Ball^ — Distant one hundred and seven miles and a quartei* 
 from Dublin Castle, is a small village along which winds a plea- 
 sant streamlet. Here are the ruins of an old abbey founded by 
 St. Mocha, a very lofty round tower, and a celebrated holy well 
 
rOR IRELAND. 
 
 291 
 
 much frequented by the credulous votaries of superstition. 
 About a mile and half to the south of this village, are the fertile 
 and luxuriant plains of Mayo, where anciently stood the city 
 whence this county derives its name. Tiio ruins of the cathedral, 
 and some traces of the stone wall which encompassed the city^ 
 still remain. Here an university is reported to have been 
 founded, for the education of the iSaxon youth converted to 
 Christianity ; among whom the names of King Oswald, and 
 AUred the Great, are asserted to have been enrolled. In the 
 year 778, the abbey was destroyed by lightning. In the 
 year 818, Turgesius, the Danish Tyrant, burnt an^d destroyed it. 
 In the year 908, it was consumed by fire. In the year 1 1 69, 
 it was consumed in a general conflagration. In the year 1204, 
 William Burke, sacreligiously plundered it — A tolerable detail 
 of disasters to have happened to one ill fated monastry. See 
 ArchdalVs Monasticon, 
 
 On a lofty eminence near the village-of Ball, is situated Moat, 
 the dehghtful residence of Sir Robert B. Lynch, Baronet; a cross 
 road runs right and left; the direct road leads to Minola village, 
 situated between two small lakes, on a very considerable stream, 
 and distant one hundred and nine miles and three quarters, 
 from Dublin Castle : a cross road on the left leads to Ballcarra, 
 and that on the- right to Foxford. At the one hundred and 
 thirteen mile stone, stands the neat little village of Breafy, a 
 cross road runs to the left. 
 
 Castlebar, — already noticed, is distant one hundred and four- 
 teen miles and a half from Dubiin Castle, in this direction ; it was 
 a borough previous to the Union Here the ^issizes are alternately 
 lield with Ballinrobe. From the lower extremity of this town, the 
 third road issues inclining to the left, whicli leads to Newport 
 Pratt. At about the distance of a mile westward of the town is 
 situated a small lake. A cross road runs to the right, and Rahans 
 J-ake stands to the left. 
 
 Paris/tes in the Bajwii/ of Burrishoole, 
 
 Burrishoolc, Aghagower, Islandine, 
 
 Kilraina. 
 
 'Newport Pratty^la an inconsiderable town pleasantly situated 
 on the banks of the river Beatta, which flows into Clew, or 
 Newport bay, and distant from Dublin Castle one hundred and 
 twenty-three miles and three quarters ; it is most advantageously 
 situated for foreign trade, but the sterile aspect of the surround - 
 ing gigantic fountains, menace fami^ie to au over-grown po- 
 
392 
 
 NEW traveller's guide 
 
 pulation, unless supplied from remote quarters. The cluster 
 of small islands thickly scattered at the mouth the of bay, if 
 covered with a verdant carpet, and sylvan forests, would appear 
 enchantingly romantic. The harbour is deep, and can admit 
 ships of considerable burden ; but trade is here very inconsider- 
 able. A cross road to the left leads to Westport, and another 
 to the right winds along the bases of prodigious high mountains 
 to Erris. 
 
 Claran Mainly — Situated at the entrance of the bay, contains a- 
 bout 2200 acres, and belongs to the ancient family of the O'Maily, 
 A cell for Carmelites was founded here in the year ] 224'. 
 
 To Ne'wj}ort Pratt hy BalXyhaunk. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Billyhaunis 
 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 
 
 93| 
 
 CJare 
 
 
 
 103 
 
 Ball 
 
 
 
 1071 
 
 Minola 
 
 
 . % 
 
 1091 
 
 Breafy . 
 
 
 
 113 
 
 Cas^tiebar 
 
 
 • ^\ 
 
 114| 
 
 Newport Pratt 
 
 » ♦ • 
 
 9? 
 
 1231 
 
 Burrishoole Village^ — Situated to the west of Newport, is re- 
 Biarkable for the ruins of an old abbey, founded by Richard de 
 Bourke for Dominican Friars. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Erris^ 
 Kilcommon, Kilmore Errie, Kilteany. 
 
 Prrisy — Situated at the mouth of Black Sod bay, appears to 
 be the only village in this wild incultivated district. 
 
 Achid Isle — Consists of coarse In'gh lands, and is inhabited 
 by a hardy race of peasants relatively comfortable and happy, 
 as their wants are few. From the southern extremity of Castle- 
 bar, a road issues leading direct to Westport. At the first mile 
 btone, are the ruins of an old church, and a castle to the right. 
 At the four mile stone, arc the ruins of an old church, situatejl 
 in an island on the lake to the right, and the ruins of an old 
 castle stand to the left. At the six mile stone, are the ruins of 
 an old castle, and a cross road to the left. 
 
^OB IRELAND. 
 
 S93 ^ 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Morisk* 
 Kilgivour, Kilmaclassail, OghavaL 
 
 Westjoort, — Distant one hundred and fifteen miles and three 
 quarters from Dublin Castle, and eight and a half miles south 
 West of Castlebar, is a neat regular well built town, pleasantly 
 situated on the banks of a pure, clear, and limped stream flow- 
 ing into the sea. Here a smart trade is carried on, and it is 
 gradually increasing in magnitude, opulence, and consequence, 
 through the judicious indulgence and liberal protection of the 
 noble resident proprietor the Marquis of Sligo ; whose grand- 
 father laid the foundation on which this magnificent superstrucf 
 ture is now erected ; were such a benevolent example universally 
 rmitated, many squalid and decayed villages would quickly 
 assume a more comfortable and exhilerating aspect. 
 
 Westport House, — Distant about half a mile from the tov/n, 
 is built of a kind of grey marble ; the building extends one hun- 
 dred and four feet in front, and ninety-six feet in depth ; it is 
 situated on an eminence commanding an extensive prospect of 
 the bay and adjacent mountains beautifully fringed with de- 
 lightful plantations. On the road running from Westport, 
 along the sea coast, to the village of Louisburg, is that singular 
 conical mountain, called Crough Patrick, deemed one of the lof- 
 tiest mountains in Ireland. It is a most conspicuous land-mark, vi- 
 sible at an immense distance both by land and at sea. This 
 mountain is highly reverenced by the Irish peasantry, from a 
 traditionary legend current among the natives, and by many im- 
 plicitly believed, that St. Patrick miraculously compelled all 
 the venomous reptiles, with which this island was previously 
 infested, here to assemble ; from which place he conrnianded 
 them to fling themselves into the sea ; and hence it happened, 
 that Ireland hath never since been visited by any noxious crea- 
 tures. This clumsy fable seems to have been framed from our 
 Saviour's miracle of having cast the swine, into whom the devils 
 entered, into the seg, where the whole herd were suffocated. 
 The local sanctity thus attached by credulity to the efHcacy of 
 this imaginary miracle, attracts penitents from the remotest 
 quarters of the kingdom, at a stated season, where they volun- 
 tarily endure the most excruciating torture, crawling on their 
 bare knees, a certain number of evolutions over the flinty rocks, 
 speckled with the blood thus gushing out, through the fervor of 
 innocent superstition, Two roads lead from Westport through 
 
 E 3 
 
NEW thavelleh's guide 
 
 (lifTcront tracts of the Morisk-mountains to Killery bay, often 
 visited by immense shoals of herrings. Killery-mountain con- 
 tains a quarry of the best slate in the united kingdom, which 
 is actively worked by the noble proprietor, the Marquis of Sligo. 
 A cross road to the right runs towards Westport, the direct road 
 leads from Ballinrobe; on the road passing between Casilebar and 
 Ball in robe ; at the fourth mile stone, stands the village of Ball}^- 
 heane, and a cross road runs to the right : at the fifth mile stone 
 a cross road leads to the left : at the sixth mile stone a cross road 
 runs to the left ; at the seventh mile stone stand Castlebourke 
 and the ruins of Ballintubber Abbey to the left, and about a 
 mile farther on, are the ruins of Burriscarra Abbey ; at the 
 ninth mile stone stand the ruins of an old castle to the left, 
 and the road from W«stport unites to the right : on this road 
 at some distance to the right, lies the village of Aghagower, 
 where are tlie ruins of a fine old abbey, and a round tower : 
 on this side of the twelfth mile stone is Partree Bridge over 
 the outlet by which Lough Carra empties its waters into Lough 
 Mask ; the ruins of an old castle stand to the right ; at the 
 fourteenth mile stone from Castlebar stands Ballinrobe, distant 
 from Dublin one hundred and eight miles and three quarters. 
 It is a considerably extensive and populous town, pleasantly 
 .situated on both banks of the river Robe ; here is a barrack for 
 two companies of foot, and the castle, the former residence of 
 Lord Tyrav^ly, is now converted into a cavalry barrack ; there 
 is also a charter school situated near the ruins of a celebrated 
 old abbey. Three miles south of Ballinrobe, on the road leading 
 to Headford, is situated the Neal village ; here is a magnificent 
 mansion and an extensive demesne belonging to Lord Kilmaine; 
 a little farther on, a cross road to the right, leads to Cong, 
 which although now a deserted village, was formerly the capital 
 of Connaught ; here are the ruins of a celebrated abbey founded 
 by St. Fechan in the year 664^, where Rhoderic O'Connor, the 
 last monarch of L'eland, died in the year 1150; at the back 
 of the village, a very broad river suddenly rushes from beneath 
 a gently sloping bank, and after a short course of one mile, emp- 
 ties itself into Lough Corrib ; about half a mile's distance west- 
 ward of this village is a subterraneous river, whose pure and 
 rapid stream is as clear as crystal ; to this extraordinary river, 
 there is a descent by sixty-three steps or stone stairs, by which 
 the curious enter to view this phenomenon. In this river 
 nearly at the mouth of the cave is an eel weir, where many fish 
 are taken in the proper season. This enchanting, but neglected 
 spot, affords the most picturesque views that nature can forxq* 
 
son IRELAND. 
 
 S95 
 
 In the little space from hence to the bomularies of tlic counh » 
 are the ruins of three old castles to the left; the river Moy no 
 separates the counties of Mayo and Galway in this direction* 
 On the road leading from French Park, Mayo county commen« 
 ces on the western bank of the Gara river. 
 
 Ballaghaderrecn, — Is a small village, distant eighty-nme miles 
 and a half from Dublin Castle; a cross r.oad to the right, lead>; 
 to Boyle; a little beyond the ninety-one mile stone, the road 
 from Castlerea unites on the left ; at the ninety-fifth mile stone, 
 a sloping cross road runs to the right, and a little farther on, 
 are the ruins of an old castle to the left. 
 
 Ballaghj^ — Is a small decayed village distant ninety-seven 
 miles and three quarters from Dublin Castle ; a cross road to 
 the right leads to Tobbercurry, and that on the left runs 
 Ballyhaunis, the direct road extends to Swineford. 
 
 Parishes iii the Baro7iij of Gallai. 
 
 Attemass, Kilconduff, Melick, 
 
 BuchoUa, Killedan^ Strade, 
 
 Killasser, Kilgarvy, Tumore. 
 
 A little beyond the one hundred and two mile stonie are the 
 ruins of an old castle to the right. 
 
 Swincford, — Is an inconsiderable village, distant one hundred 
 and three miles from Dublin Castle ; a cross road on the ri<vht 
 leads to Kilmatoguje, and another on the left to Ball, the direct 
 road runs to Foxford ; near Swineford is Newpark, the residence 
 of Sir Anthony Brabazon, Bart. Near the one hundredth and 
 seventh mile stone are the ruins of Melick-church on the right, 
 and a cross road runs to Ballyvary on the left ; at the one hun- 
 dredth and eighth mile stone a cross road leads to Tobbercurry 
 to the right ; at the one hundredth and ninth milestone, the 
 road from Ballinamore unites on the left; at the one hundred 
 and tenth mile stone, a cross road to the left leads to Castlebar, 
 and the ruins of Ballylaghan Castle are situated to the left. 
 Foxford^ — Distant one hundred and twelve miles and a half from 
 Dublin Castle, is a decayed town, pleasantly situated on the east 
 bank of the river Moy, over which there is a fine stone bridge; 
 here is a barrack for a company of foot, and it is deemed a strong 
 military post : from the lower end of the town, a road issues 
 leading towards Sligo, and from the centre of the town the 
 direct road over the river leads to Kilalla ; near the one lmn-» 
 
HEYv traveller's GUIDE 
 
 drcd and sixteenth mile stone are the ruins of an old castle 
 to the right; at the one hundred and eighteen mile stone, are 
 t lake and the ruins of an old phurch on the left, and a cross 
 load r.uns to the left. 
 
 To Castle LagJian h\j Ballaghadereen, 
 
 
 (Miles) 
 
 Ballaghadereen 
 
 • « 
 
 
 Ballaghy 
 
 8| 
 
 97 
 
 Swineford . . 
 
 ; . 51 
 
 103 
 
 Ballaghy 
 
 7 
 
 110 
 
 Fox ford 
 
 . , . 2J 
 
 112^ 
 
 Ballina . . . . 
 
 8 
 
 120| 
 
 Kiliala .... 
 
 . . 6i 
 
 127 
 
 Castle Laghan 
 
 r • . 51 
 
 1321 
 
 Ballina, — Distant one hundred aind twenty miles and a half 
 from Dublin Castle, is a tolerably regular and weJl built town, 
 agreeably situated on the river Moy ; here is a considerable 
 salmon fishery. On the twenty-sixth of August 1798, this 
 town was seized by the French immediately after landing 
 at Kilalla, where the rebels committed many atrocities, until 
 the final surrender of the French at Ballynamuck, when 
 it was abandoned by the terrified rabble, who were finally and 
 decisively subdued at the battle of Kilalla. A cross road to the 
 left leads to Crossmolina, and another to the right, by a bridge 
 over the Moy, runs to Sligo, the direct road runs to Kilalla ; at 
 the one hundred and twenty-one mile stone, are the ruins of 
 two pld castles to the right ; on this side of the one hundred 
 and twenty-fourth mile stojie stand the ruins of Roserk Abbey 
 to the right ; here is a closet of hewn^stone for the confessor 
 to sit in, to hear through a lateral hole the declarations of con- 
 tritionary penitents ; at the one hundred and twenty-sixth 
 mile stone are the ruins of an old church to the right, and a 
 cross road runs to the left; and a little farther on stands a small 
 lake to the left. 
 
 Kilalla, — Distant one hundred and twenty-seven miles from 
 Dublin Castle, is pleasantly situated on a bay of the same 
 name, on the south bank of the Moy. The only remarkable 
 buildings in this straggling village, although an episcopal see, 
 ^re the palace and cathedral ; here is a round tower. Th^ 
 bishoprick of ixchonry in the county of Sligo, was united 
 io this see in the yeai ;1607. The other road leading to 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 397 
 
 Kilalla, &c. hath been already noticed under the article Tyrawly. 
 From a single glance on the map of the county, it is obvious 
 that the general division of its soil maybe denominated lime-stone, 
 lime-stone gravel, and moor, partaking of a great diversity of 
 subordinate modifications, unnecessary to be specified in a 
 selection of this description. Its castles for personal protection 
 were well adapted for the intended purpose, strong, gloomy and 
 secure, and its abbies erected to administer spiritual consolation, 
 conformable to the superstitious ceremonies invented to impress 
 a solemn reverence on an ignorant and credulous multitude, 
 were numerous, splendid, and magnificent ; but however erro- 
 neous monastic institutions may have been in their tenets 
 and doctrines, the republic of literature is deeply indebted 
 to these venerable repositories for preserving the valuable 
 productions of antiquity from the plundering gripe of ferocious, 
 violent and sai)guinaiy barbarians. The herring fisheries on th« 
 extensive coasts of this county very often become profitable 
 speculations, but totally depending on the capricious excursions 
 of the finny tribe ; all other kinds of fish generally found in 
 these s^as, are here caught in great abundance, and salmon 
 frequent ajl corjsider&ble river3 communicating with the 
 Atlantic. 
 
IJEW TRAVELLER*S GUIDE 
 
 A Table of Fairs held each month of the year^ in this 
 
 Count I/, 
 
 J'laces where held. 
 
 Westport , . . 
 Fortficld . . . 
 Tulrahene . . 
 
 Balcarra . , 
 Keal . . . 
 Carcastle . . 
 
 Ballagb ad erreen 
 
 Sliriile 
 
 Ballagliad erreen 
 Killala . 
 Neal . 
 Turlogli 
 Castlebar 
 Ballina 
 Ballively 
 Tulrahan 
 Fox ford 
 Hollymount 
 Moyne Abbey 
 Carraghreagh 
 Swineford , 
 Rues . . 
 Crossmolina 
 Westport . 
 Bunfinglass 
 Clare . . 
 Dunamona 
 Ballindangon 
 Ballevary . 
 Straid . . 
 
 Time. 
 
 Jan, 
 1 
 1 
 31 
 
 Feb, 
 2 
 5 
 13 
 
 Mor. 
 
 25 
 
 Apr, 
 
 May 
 
 1 
 
 6 
 
 6 
 
 9 
 11 
 12 
 
 15 
 15 
 16 
 18 
 
 1920 
 
 20 
 
 22 
 
 23 
 
 24^ 
 
 24 
 
 24. 
 
 26 
 
 28 
 
 29 
 
 31 
 
 IHaces where, held. 
 
 Lisloghry . 
 Bally haunis 
 Minola 
 Ballina 
 Carracast . 
 Balcarra . 
 Ballinrobe 
 Castlelaffhan 
 Gallovvshill 
 Newport . 
 Ball . . 
 Turlogh . 
 Castlctownland 
 Fortfield . 
 Ardnaree . 
 Clare . . 
 Ballahaderreen 
 Louisburgh 
 Foxford • 
 Cappakernane 
 Rues , . . 
 Carraghreagh 
 
 Bally haunis 
 Swineford . 
 Ballyhean 
 Bunfinglass 
 Castlebar , 
 Kilmain 
 Ballindangon 
 Moyne 
 Shrule . . 
 Straid . . 
 
 Carraghreagh 
 Ballaghaderreen 
 
 Time, 
 
 June 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 2 
 3 
 ' 4 
 
 7 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 8 
 11 
 13 
 
 15 
 15 
 20 
 
 22 , 
 
 23 
 
 24 
 
 25 
 
 27 
 
 29 
 
 29-30 
 
 July 
 2 
 2 
 4 
 7 
 9 
 12 
 22 
 25 
 26 
 30 
 
 Aug, 
 1 
 I 
 
VOR IRELAND. 
 
 S99 
 
 Places TJoliCTC held* 
 
 
 J^iciccs ixihcTc held* 
 
 Time. 
 
 Neal 
 
 4 
 
 Kiiniam .... 
 
 28 
 
 Newtowngrove . . 
 
 4 
 
 Bally naunis . . . 
 
 29 
 
 Louisburgh . . . 
 
 4 
 
 rortfield .... 
 
 29 
 
 Westport .... 
 
 6 
 
 Louisburgh . . , 
 
 30 
 
 Ballinacostello . . 
 
 8 
 
 
 
 
 
 JtJrize 
 
 9 
 
 
 
 Ballina .... 
 
 12 
 
 ■on 1- 1 ^ 
 
 Ballaghaderreen 
 
 1 
 
 Aiighclare . . . 
 
 14 
 
 XT 4. 
 
 JNewtowngore . . 
 
 1 
 
 Fortfield .... 
 
 16 
 
 Minoia .... 
 
 
 Ballivar}' .... 
 
 17 
 
 Kues 
 
 3 
 
 Killala 
 
 IT 
 
 iNeal ..... 
 
 
 CJare 
 
 17 
 
 ■Roll 
 
 rSail ..... 
 
 7 
 
 Swinefield . . . 
 
 18 
 
 OallovvshiU . . . 
 
 7 
 
 Ballihane .... 
 
 20 
 
 Killala .... 
 
 S 
 
 ijrailowabiil 
 
 21 
 
 Balcarra .... 
 
 10 
 
 lurlogh .... 
 
 24 
 
 Newport .... 
 
 1 1 
 
 Katntrau .... 
 
 25 
 
 Rathfran . • . • 
 
 1 i 
 
 
 
 Shrule 
 
 Ballivary • • • . 
 
 11 
 
 14 
 
 
 
 Carracastle . . . 
 
 2 
 
 Bunfinglass . . . 
 
 15 
 
 Kiloges .... 
 
 6 
 
 Castlebar .... 
 
 18 
 
 Cappakernane • 
 
 7 
 
 vyiare 
 
 2.^ 
 
 Ballaghaderreen 
 
 7 
 
 otraiu « . . • . 
 
 27 
 
 Jbortneid . . . 
 Crossmoliiia ... 
 
 8 
 12 
 
 
 
 
 Dec, 
 
 xtues 
 
 15 
 
 ^ 1 1 
 Uarraghreagli • . 
 
 I 
 
 Castlebar .... 
 
 16 
 
 Westport .... 
 
 1 
 
 Til 
 
 l>oughniask . . . 
 
 20 
 
 rortneld .... 
 
 1 
 
 Ballyhaunis . . . 
 
 22 
 
 Cappakernane . . 
 
 3 
 
 r>aU 
 
 24 
 
 Moyne Abbey . 
 
 o 
 
 v>iare 
 
 27 
 
 Ballinrobe . . . 
 
 5 
 
 J^oiiisburgli . . . 
 
 on 
 
 Ballindangon • . 
 
 7 
 
 Castletown • 
 
 2y 
 
 Turlogh .... 
 
 8 
 
 
 
 roxiord .... 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 
 Oct, 
 
 TT 11 A. 
 
 Hollymount . . . 
 
 11 
 
 T • 1 
 
 Jjisioghry .... 
 
 
 Aughclare , . . 
 
 12 
 
 rJallively .... 
 
 2 
 
 Ardnaree .... 
 
 13 
 
 loxlord .... 
 
 3 
 
 Bunfinfflass . . . 
 
 15 
 
 Ardnaree .... 
 
 10 
 
 Crossniouna . . . 
 
 18 
 
 T>„11* ,1 _ 
 
 iiailindangon . , 
 
 11 
 
 lialhnacosteJIo . . 
 
 17 
 
 Moyne .... 
 
 14 
 
 bwinciord . . . 
 
 18 
 
 Dunamona . . 
 
 17 
 
 Tulrahan .... 
 
 18 
 
 Tulrahan .... 
 
 18 
 
 Gallowshill . . . 
 
 20 
 
 Ballinacostello . . 
 
 19 
 
 Ballogliaderreeu 
 
 ^2 
 
 Straid ..... ^ 
 
 
 
400 
 
 KEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 COUNTY OF LEITRIM, 
 
 The County op Leitriiw, — is bounded on the south by 
 Roscommon and Sligo ; on the west by the bay of Donegall ; 
 on the north by Donegall and Fermanagh and on the east and 
 south east, by Cavan and Longford ; its greatest extent from 
 east to west, is about forty- six miles, and its greatest breadth 
 is about sixteen miles. It embraces a surface of 265,950 acres 
 Irish plantation measure, including bogs, mountain, and waste. 
 It contains five Baronies ; namely, Mohill, Dromahaire, Lei- 
 trim Carrigallen, and Ross-clogher, which are divided into seven- 
 teen parishes. The soil partakes of a similar diversity with the 
 inequality of the surface ; a great portion of which is composed 
 of bogs and high mountains. Like all hilly countries, the val- 
 leys are fertile, and abundantly watered with streamlets of dif- 
 ferent magnitudes. The mountains are as pregnant with e^^ 
 haustless stores of lead, iron, and copper ores, and likewise of 
 coal mines, as their surface is destitute of fertility. Such hid- 
 den treasures, however, have hitherto proved of trifling nation- 
 al advantage, from the remoteness and disadvantageousness of 
 situation ; but it is presumed, the extension of the royal canal 
 to the river Shannon, will effectually remove every local impe- 
 diment. The principal river not only of this county, but of 
 this island, is the Shannon, which derives its source from a spring 
 about twenty feet in diameter, situated at the foot of Quilka 
 Mountain in the cojiinty of Cavan, and riujs thorough a great 
 
ton iRElAKD. 
 
 4Ui 
 
 portion of this county. In its progress to Lough Allen, it is 
 abundantly supplied by cascades, tremenduously tumbling down 
 the steep sides of the surrounding mountains. The Abbain 
 Naile issues from a small lake, situated on the summit of a lof- 
 ty mountain, and differs from most other rivers which derive 
 their source from the mountains, in that it never dries, but is 
 plentifully supplied at all seasons. The next most considerable 
 streams are the Dubhaehar and Boorid, besides innumerable 
 streamlets flowing in all directions through this irrigated coun- 
 ty. The most considerable lake is Lough Allen, about seven 
 miles long, and five broad, into which the Shannon flows, and 
 whence it again issues. The lakes next in magnitude, are Clean 
 Lough, Lough Melvin, Lough Gill, Lough Coffin, and Lake 
 Paradise, besides many others too trivial to be specified. 
 There are many mineral Spas, mostly chalybeate, but some arc 
 sulphureous. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of MoJiilL 
 Cloon, Mohill. 
 
 litisly Bridge — Is a small village, situated on the bank of a 
 I'iver of the same name which falls into the Shannon, and is 
 distant sixty-six miles and a half from the Castle of Dublin ; 
 a road to the left leads to Elphin ; the direct road runs to 
 Drumsna village, distant sixty-seven miles and three quarters 
 from the Castle of Dublin ; at the seventy-second mile stonej 
 stands AnnadufF Church, and a small lake to the right. 
 
 Dru?nsfia — Ls a small village, distant seventy-two miles and 
 three quarters from the Castle of Dublin ; a cross road on the 
 right leads to Mohill ; a road issues to the right leading to Let- 
 terfian ; the direct road crosses the Shannon to the left by a stone 
 bridge, and enters the county of Roscommon ; beyond the se- 
 venty-third mile stone, the road from Strokestown unites on 
 the left, and a little farther on, the road from Elphin joins in 
 in the same direction ; then again it winds to the right, re-cros- 
 ses the river Shannon by a stone bridge into the county of 
 Leitrim. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Drumahairc, 
 
 Killenumcry, Inismagrath, Cloncare, 
 
 Clonloghcr, Diunileasc, Killargy, 
 
 :5 y 
 
402 
 
 KEW TRAVELLEr'8 GUIDE 
 
 Jamestotscn — Is a neat sraall town, distant seventy-three 
 miles and three quarters from the Castle of Dublin. Here are 
 a barrack for a company of foot, and the ruins of an old castle 
 built by Sir Charles Coote in the year 1623. This castle ex- 
 perienced various reverses during the rebellion of 1641. In 
 1689, it was taken by the Enniskilliners, who, on the ap- 
 proach of Sarsfield with very superior forces, were constrained 
 to retire to Sligo. This town was a borough previous to the 
 Union. 
 
 To Carrich on Shanno7i hy IlusJcy Bridge, 
 
 Rusky Bridge 
 Drummote • 
 Drumsna 
 Jamestown 
 Carrick on Shannon 
 
 (Miles ) 
 66i 
 
 - 51 
 
 n 
 
 34 
 
 671 
 
 73| 
 741 
 78 
 
 Annaduff, 
 Kiltubrid. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Leitrim, 
 
 Teanagh, Kiltoghard, 
 
 Carrick on Shannon^ — Distant seventy-eight miles from the 
 Castle of Dublin, is pleasantly situated on the north bank 
 of the river : here is a barrack for a company of foot. It is the 
 isliire and assizes town. This town was a borough previous to 
 the Union. Here the road crosses the Shannon by a stone 
 bridge, re-enters the county of Roscommon, and runs towards 
 Boyle ; a road to the right leads to Leitrim ; at the seventy- 
 ninth mile stone, are ihe ruins of an old castle to the left. 
 
 Lci/rrm, — Distant eighty-one miles from the Castle of Dublin, 
 is pleasantly situated on the banks of the Shannon ; it gives name 
 to the county, and appears to have been formerly a place of 
 considerable importance. It gives title of Viscount to the fa- 
 mily of Clements. A cross road on the right leads to Cashgar- 
 gin ; another runs to the left across the Shannon. The direct 
 road leads to Ballir.tra Bridge, distant eighty-four miles and a 
 half from the Castle ol' Dublin : here the road enters the county 
 of Roscommon ; a cross road runs to the left ; the direct road 
 runs on the south shore of Lough Allen, and again re-enters 
 the county of Leitrim, on this side of the village of Drumkerin^ 
 
For IRELAND. 
 
 403 
 
 distant one hundred miles and a half from the Castle of Dublin • 
 a little beyond Belliovel Lake, the road forks into two branches,' 
 that on the right leads to Manor Hamilton, and the other on 
 the left leads to Drumahaire village, distant one hundred and two 
 tniles and a quarter from the Castle of Dublin : here are the 
 ruins of a castle and an abbey ; near this village are the ruins 
 of O'Rorke's Castle or great hall, so celebrated for festivity 
 arid hospitality. From Drumahaire two roads issue, that to 
 the left leads to Ballintogher, and the other on the ri^ht runs 
 to Sligo. 
 
 To Drumahaire hy CarricJc on Shannon, 
 
 r» ' 1 oi (Mile*,) 
 
 Car rick on Shannon as before - — 78 
 
 Leitrim . - . 3 81 
 
 Ballentra - . . 3x 
 
 Drumkerin - - . 17 i 101^ 
 
 Drumahaire - - - 2 103i 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Carrigallen, 
 Drumreily, Carrigallen, Outragh. 
 
 Carrigan Castled—Is distant about sixty-seven miles from the 
 Casle of Dublin; a cross road runs right and left; the direct 
 road leads to Ballinamorc village, distant seventy-one miles 
 trom the Castle of Dublin, whence two cross roads run to the lel't 
 one leading to Ballynamuck, and the other to Tenagh ; the direct 
 road runs to Ballentra bridge, already noticed. 
 
 Manor Hamilfon,^U a small neat village, distant ninety- 
 four miles and a quarter from the Castle of Dublin, pleasantly 
 situated on the river Bonnet; across road on the rirrht leads 
 to Garrison, and that on the left to Carrick; the direct road 
 runs to Sligo. 
 
 Lurga?i Boy Fillage,^h distant ninety-six miles from the 
 Castle of Dublin; a cross read on the right leads over 
 the b^hannon : here is the beautiful residence of the RiVht 
 Honourable Owen Winne; beyond the ninety-sixth mile stone, 
 stand the rums of an old castle to the right on the banks of the 
 I^hanwish river; at the one hundred mile stone, the county ter- 
 Runates in this direction. 
 
5s^EW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 Parishes in the Barovy of IlosscJioglier. 
 Killasnet, Rossinver. 
 
 There are no considerable towns, or even villages in tins 
 Barony, the only great road is that which runs from Sligo to 
 Ballyshannon along the sea coast, through the short space of 
 three miles, v/hich is the only portion of this county that bor- 
 ders on the sea, and is separated from the counties of Donegal 
 and Sligo, by the rivers Bundrows and Brindulf ; throughout 
 almost all parts of this county, lime-stone, and Jime-stone gra- 
 vel, and marls of various qualities and colours are to be found, 
 The coarse grass of its mountj^ins, feed vast quantities of young 
 black cattle. To the lover of beholding nature in her boldest 
 features, Leitrini affords a copious source of gratification, 
 Through this county in common with every other portion of the 
 island, there are the ruins of many castles situated in such passes 
 and fastnesses, as appeared most conducive to the personal prQs 
 Section of the original founders. 
 
 To Manor Hamilton hi) Largy. 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Lafgy in the County of Cavan - — I 84'i 
 from Largy to Manor Hamilton - 10 | 94| 
 
rOR IRELAND. 4Q5 
 Table of Fairs held in ihis Couniy every monili of the year* 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Castlecarrigan - 
 Drumahaire 
 Drumod - - - 
 Mohill - - - 
 Leitrim-town 
 
 Cashcarrigan 
 Drumkerrin - 
 CJoone - - 
 Drumshambo 
 MohiU . - 
 Newtown - - 
 
 Cashcarrigan 
 Pfumod - . 
 
 Cloone 
 Mohill 
 
 Cashcarrigan ^ 
 
 Leitrim - - • 
 
 Carrigaline - - 
 Manor Hamilton 
 
 Mohill - - - 
 
 Ballymore - - 
 Carrickdrumrisk 
 Drumshambo 
 
 Lurganbuy - - 
 
 Drumod - - - 
 
 Longfield - - 
 
 Drumssa - - 
 
 Newtown - - 
 
 Cloone - - - 
 
 Dates, 
 Jan. 
 1 
 1 
 1 
 14> 
 22 
 
 Feb. 
 1 
 
 10 
 
 V2 
 12 
 25 
 25 
 
 March, 
 17 
 28 
 
 April, 
 5 
 8 
 
 May, 
 
 1 
 
 5 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 S 
 12 
 12 
 12 
 15 
 15 
 17 
 20 
 25 
 26 
 
 Places where li^ld, 
 
 Drumkerrin 
 Jamestown - - 
 
 Mohill - - 
 Tallaghene 
 Drumshambo 
 Cloone - - 
 Drumahaire - 
 Leitrim - - 
 Lurganbuy - 
 Drunisna 
 Castlecarrigan 
 Newtowngore 
 Drumod - - 
 Cashcarrigan 
 
 Manor Hamilton 
 
 Mohill - . - 
 
 Jamestown - - 
 
 Cloone - - - 
 Drumshambo 
 
 Drumkerrin - - 
 
 Drumahaire - - 
 
 Leitrim - - - 
 
 Mohill - - - 
 
 Cashcarrigan 
 
 Tullaghan - - 
 
 Carrigaline - - 
 Carrickdrumrisk 
 
 Drumod - - - 
 
 Mohill - - - 
 
 Lurganbuy - - 
 
 Drumsna - - 
 
NEW 
 
 traveller's GUIDK 
 
 Places ivhere held. 
 
 Newtown 
 Cloone 
 
 Leitrim - - 
 Mohill - - 
 Cloone - - 
 Cashcarrigan 
 XiUrganbuy - 
 
 Dnunshanbo 
 Manor-hamilton 
 
 Drumsna - ■ 
 
 Carrigaline - • 
 
 Prumod - - ■ 
 
 I^ongfield - - 
 Newtowngore 
 
 Drumkerrin - • 
 
 Mohill - - . 
 
 Drumahaire - • 
 
 JL nine' 
 
 X lllLco wTlCTG KVlUi* 
 
 Imel 
 
 Aug, 
 
 
 Nov, 
 
 25 
 
 Cashcarrigan - - 
 
 1 
 
 26 
 
 Cloone - - - - 
 
 2 
 
 
 lalaghan - - - 
 
 11 
 
 Sep, 
 
 1% /r 1 III 
 
 Mohill - - - - 
 
 11 
 
 3 
 
 Ballinamore - - - 
 
 12 
 
 9 
 
 Drumshambo - - 
 
 16 
 
 19 
 
 Manor Hamilton - 
 
 18 
 
 21 
 
 Carrickdrumrisk 
 
 21 
 
 23 
 
 Newtown - - - 
 
 25 
 
 Oct. 
 
 
 Dec. 
 
 6 
 
 T • • 
 
 Leitrim - - - - 
 
 1 
 
 7 
 
 Mohill - - - - 
 
 2 
 
 7 
 
 Urumod - - - - 
 
 11 
 
 8 
 
 Drumsna - - - «. 
 
 13 
 
 10 
 
 Tullaghan - 
 
 15 
 
 10 
 
 Jamestown - - - 
 
 20 
 
 15 
 
 Cloone , - - - 
 
 20 
 
 19 
 
 Cashcarrigan - - 
 
 21 
 
 19 
 
 Drumkerrin - - - 
 
 22 
 
 31 
 
 Longfield - - 
 
 27 
 
 
 Carrigaline - - - 
 
 31 
 
lOR IRFXAND, 
 
 #07 
 
 COUNTY OF SLIGO. 
 
 The County of Sligo — Is bounded on the south by Mayo; 
 on the west by the Atlantic Ocean ; on the north by Leitrim, 
 and on the east by Roscommon ; its greatest extent from north 
 to south, is about thirty-two Irish miles, and about thirty 
 miles from east to west; its surface comprises 24?7,150 acres 
 Irish plantation measure, including bogs, mountains and waste. 
 It contains six Baronies, Leney, Coolavin, Corran, Toragh- 
 rill, Carburry, and Tyreragh, which are divided into thirty-nine 
 parishes. The soil is generally light, sandy, gravelly, gravelly 
 loam, or moory, mixed with round stones on a strong gravelly 
 bottom, tolerably productive of potatoes, barley, and oats. In 
 some parts, the lands are rich and fertile, equally adapted for 
 tillage or for fattening the heaviest oxen. Nearly the third 
 part of this county is an improveable waste. Its principal lakes 
 are Lough Gill, Temple House Lake, Lough Talla, and 
 Lough Arva. The two last are remarkable for large high fla- 
 voured trout. The most considerable rivers are the Sligo, the 
 Bonnet, the Owenmore, the Unshion, the Cooloney, the Esky, 
 and the Moy, which for many miles separates Mayo IVom Sli- 
 go. Lead, iron, silver and copper ores have been discovered 
 in different places. The mountains near Lough Gill, exhibit 
 strong indications of coal. The linen manufacture is rapidly 
 and universally thriving in this county. All its rivers commu- 
 nicating with the sea, abound in salnion, and the coasts teem 
 with a variety of most delicious fish. 
 
109 
 
 KEW thaveller's tiVli)& 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Leney, 
 
 Achonry, Kilmacteighe, Ballysadere^ 
 
 Killoran, Kilvarnet. 
 
 Balldgliy — Is a small village, distant ninety- seven miles and 
 three quarters from the Castle of Dublin : here the roads from 
 Ballyhaunis and French Park unite, a cross road on the left 
 leads to Foxford. 
 
 Tobbercurry^ — Is a small village, distant one hundred and 
 three milc^' and a half from the Castle of Dublin : here the road 
 from Boyle unites on the right ; a cross road on the left leads 
 to Kilmacteighe village, distant one hundred and twelve miles 
 and a half from the Castle of Dublin. In this Barony, is si- 
 tiiateii the ancient episcopal see of Achorny, now a mean vil- 
 lage, founded about the year 530, and united to Killala in the 
 yearl607. 
 
 Parishes i?t the Barony of Coolaviui 
 Killeraght, Kilfree. 
 
 There are no noted towns or villages in this Barony, chiefly 
 consisting of wide tracts of rocky, cultivable, and uncultivablc? 
 mountains. The low grounds near Lough Gara, are fertile 
 and equally adapted for tillage or for pasture. On the shore of 
 Lough Gara St Patrick founded a nunnery for St. Athraeta 
 in the year 470. It nov/ forms the parish church. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Corran, 
 
 Kilmorgan, Clon-noghill, Dfumrat, 
 
 Emlyfad, Kilshalvy, Kiltora. 
 
 Tumore, 
 
 There are no towns or remarkable villages in this Barony, 
 Killuathrenn monastery was situated in this Barony ; its scite In 
 now unknown. 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of TiraghrilL 
 
 Killery, 
 A ba n a, 
 Balluiakelly, 
 Dromcollum, 
 
 Kilmacallen, 
 Kilmactraiiy, 
 Kilriedon, 
 Kilcross, 
 
 Shancoe, 
 Taunagh. 
 
 Ballinafad, — Is a small village, distant eighty-eight miles 
 from the Castle of Dublin; here are the ruins of an old castle, 
 and the beautiful lake Arrow, with its cluster of well wooded 
 islands is situated on the right. The road forks into two bran- 
 ches ; that on the right leading to Coloney, and the other on 
 the left, to Bally mote village, distant ninety-six miles and three 
 quarters from the Castle of Dublin : here are the ruins of an 
 old and spacious castle, built in the year 1300, by Richard de 
 Bourg, second Earl of Ulster. Its dimensions were one hun- 
 dred and fifty feet square, and sixty feet high. This castle 
 was reduced by Trcton and Sir Charles Coote in the year 1652, 
 There was also a small monastery of Franciscan Friars founded 
 here. The east window still remaining, is remarkably curious. 
 At the ninety-first mile stone, the road from Ballymote unites on 
 the left. The ruins of an old castle lie on the left; the ruins of 
 Ballindown abbey also stand on the left, and a cross road leads to 
 the right ; at the ninety-third mile stone, the road forks into 
 two branches, that on the right leading to Ballintogher, and 
 the other on the left to Coloony; at the ninety-fourth mile 
 stone, a road from Ballymote joins on the left, and a little far- 
 ther on, are the ruins of an old castle to the right ; beyond the 
 ninety-sixth mile stone, a cross road runs to the right; at the 
 ninety-seventh mile stone, the road from Ballymote unites on 
 the left ; on this side of the ninety-eight mile stone, stands the 
 little village of Toberscanawn, a small kike and a cross road lie 
 on the left; at the ninety-ninth mile stone, stands the neat lit- 
 tle town of Coloony, pleasantly situated on a river of the same 
 name : here is a fine plain church. In the rebellion of 1 798, 
 General Humbert, with all his French forces, aided by a vast 
 swarm of infatuated rebels, received so severe a check from a 
 detachment consisting of i80 yeomen and militia, commanded 
 by the gallant Colonel Vercker of the Limerick militia, at this 
 town, as constrained him to relinquish the project of seizing the 
 opulent town of Sligo, A cross road runs to tiie right, and two 
 stretch to the left. 
 
 3 ft 
 
41(9 
 
 NEW TRAVEIXEr's GUIDE 
 
 Ballpidare^ — Is a neat little village, distant one hundred 
 niiles and A quarter from the Castle of Dublin, pleasantly si- 
 tuated on the Coloony river ; a cross road runs to the left, and 
 the ruins of an old abbey lie on the left. 
 
 Sligo, — Distant one hundred and three miles and three 
 quarters from the Castle of Dublin, ijs the shire and assize.'5 
 town of this county; it is pleasantly situated at the mouth of Sligo 
 Bay, on the banks of a fine river of the same name. Its public 
 buildings consist of a goal, a barrack, a court house, an infir- 
 mai'y, and a charter school, liberally endowed by the Winne fa- 
 mily. This town owes the origin of its existence to a castle 
 and an abby, erected here by Maurice Fitz-Gerald, Lord Jus- 
 ice of Ireland, about the year 1262. The protection thus af- 
 forded, together with the goodness of the harbour, gradually 
 attracted numbers of inhabitants, and thus progressively in- 
 creased to considerable magnitude, consequence and impor- 
 tance. In the year 1277, all Fitz-Gerald's castles were destroy- 
 ed by the enraged Irish, in revenge of the death of O'Brien 
 Roe, King of Thomond, then in rebellion against the English 
 Government, and slain by Thomas de Clare, son-in-law to 
 Fitz-Gerald. In the year 1310, Richard the Red, Earl of 
 Ulster, re-built the castle of Sligo. This town was frequently 
 pillaged, and destroyed in the various conflicts of barbarous 
 contending factions. In the year 1414, the abbey was destroy- 
 ed by fire, for the re-erection of which, Pope John the Twenty 
 Third, issued apostolic letters dated from Constance, February 
 the sixteenth 1415, relaxing ten years penance to all pious vi- 
 sitors, who, on the festivals of the Blessed Virgin's assumption, 
 and St. Patrick's, would contribute to its reparation — condi- 
 tions which speedily procured credulous purchasers of so mild 
 an atonement for their spiritual transgressions. Near Sligo, i.-; 
 a place called the Giant's Grave, where many large stones aie 
 perpendicularly placed, in a form nearly resembling that singu- 
 lar collection at Stone Hinge on Salisbury Plain. A road 
 runs on the left along the sea coast to Ballina, and another on 
 the right leads to Ballyshannon. Sligo returns one member to 
 the Imperial Parliament, 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Carbury^ 
 
 Killa^^pugln-one, Kilmacowen^ Sligo^ 
 
 Ahal^lpli^h, DromclifF. 
 
 On the road passing from Manor Hamilton to Sligo, \\m 
 
Tor IRELAND, 
 
 ill 
 
 county commences at the hundred mile stone ; at the one hun- 
 dred and third mile stone, stands Hazle Wood, delightfully 
 situated on the shores of Lough Gill. The house and demesne 
 aptly correspond in elegant magnificence. Sligo, as already no- 
 ticed, is distant one hundred and five miles by Manor Hamil- 
 ton. On the road leading from Sligo to Ballyshannon, on this 
 side of the fourth mile stone, stands DrumclifF Church : here 
 are the remains of a round tower an the right, and a little be- 
 yond the fourth mile stone, are the ruins of an old castle on the 
 left. Off this coast lies the island of Innismurray, presenting 
 an inaccessible precipice on the side opposite the ocean, but 
 gently shelving by easy steps on the side next the land. It 
 contains about one hundred and thirty acres of shallow 
 soil, about four or five inches deep, and inhabited by about 
 forty individuals of all ages, whose constant occupation is fish- 
 ing : here are the ruins of two rudely built chapels, and St. 
 Moliese's cell, covered with a stone arched roof ; here the statue 
 of the Saint is deposited ; there is also a cursing altar, which proves 
 more destructive to the perjurer, according to the marvellous le- 
 gends propagated by craft to terrify ignorant credulity, than ever 
 the river Styx was dangerous to the violated veracity of the hea- 
 then deities who prostituted their honour. What a pity that 
 such miraculous touch-stones, are not fixed in all courts of ju- 
 dicature, to be occasionally applied to the lips of slippery at- ~ 
 tornies, flippant affidavit-men, and hacknied custom-house oath 
 swearers ! At the eleventh mile stone, stands the half-way house, 
 and on this side of the fourteenth mile stone, the county termi« 
 liates. 
 
 parishes in ihe Barofii/ of TyreragJi^ 
 
 Dromard, Esky, Kilmoremoy, 
 
 Screen, Kilglasse, Templeboy. 
 
 Castleconnor, Kilmacshalgan, 
 
 On the road leading from Sligo to Ballina, at the eighth 
 mile stone, stands Strand-hcuse Inn, and Balra Chuich on 
 the left; a little beyond the tenth mile stone, are the ruins of 
 an old castle on the right; at the twelfth mile stone, stand 
 the ruins of an old castle, and Screen Church on the left ; at 
 the sixteenth mile stv)ne, are the ruins of an old castle on the 
 left; on this side of the twenty-first mile stone, the road crosses 
 the Esky river ; the ruins of an old castle lie on the right, and 
 
412 
 
 KEW TIIA\^LEK's GUlftE 
 
 Esky church stands on the left. At the twenty-seven mile stone 
 are situated Enscrone church, and the ruins of an old castle on 
 the right. At the thirty mile stone, lie the ruins of Roserk 
 abbey, and likewise of an old church ; and a little farther on 
 are the ruins of an old castle. On this side of the thirty-three 
 mile stone, the ruins of an old castle stand on the left. At the 
 thirty-three mile stone the road crosses the Bunree river ; the 
 ruins of an old church lie on the right, and a church stands on 
 the left. Here the road crosses the Moy by a stone bridge. 
 The soil of this barony is light and gi'avelly, and in many parts 
 moory. The Ox mountains are situated on the verge of this 
 district. 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 A Tahle of Fairs held in iJiis Count}/ every month in the 
 
 413 
 
 year. 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Tiine^ 
 
 Jan, 
 
 ^ t'UCvO <v/CC/(« /(ClUf 
 
 June, 
 
 Balaghy . , . 
 
 XJalldUa * • ■ • 
 
 1 
 
 Eniscrone . . . 
 
 14 
 
 17 
 
 Ballysidare . . . 
 
 17 
 
 
 
 Cliftbny .... 
 
 18 
 
 
 
 
 Feb, 
 
 Ardnaglass . . . 
 
 Ti^n rn i rnvn pv 
 
 21 
 
 \>ari ignagiiiiL • 
 Bgillyniote . • . 
 Ballysidarc , . . 
 
 1 
 
 24 
 
 s 
 
 
 97 
 
 1 
 
 Tuberscanavan 
 
 30 
 
 
 Mar. 
 
 
 July 
 
 Sligo-town . . . 
 
 27 
 
 Sligo . • . • • 
 
 4 
 
 
 Ballv«idarp . 
 
 UdiliiJ UvJi^iit. I . ( 
 
 10 
 
 9S 
 
 
 jlpr. 
 
 ocr^Eii • • • • 
 
 1 '\ 
 
 1 v> 
 
 
 9Q 
 
 1 »"1 /TP fTl TT 
 
 JDaldgliy • • • . 
 
 1 Q 
 
 J. cHJpiLllUuat? . . 
 
 
 
 May 
 
 
 
 VTiail{J[tj • • • • 
 
 Coloony .... 
 
 1 it 9 
 
 XJclil y SlUcll C • « • 
 
 A, 
 
 3 
 
 Jameswell , . . 
 
 5. 
 
 
 1 1 
 
 1 L 
 
 J J LlllClJ iVlL ii ... 
 
 
 Newtown . . 
 
 13 
 
 Banada • . • . 
 
 7 
 
 Ballinacarrow • • 
 
 14, 
 
 [^[]0'0 . • . , . 
 
 1 1 
 
 T'uberscanavan , 
 
 17 
 
 A rdnn<vlns«; 
 
 O 
 
 
 Cliffony .... 
 
 18 
 
 Beltra .... 
 
 20 
 
 Buneniden ... 
 
 
 Icll-^C . • . • 
 
 9 ►'^ 
 
 Beltra .... 
 Xoberciirry , 
 
 21 
 22 
 
 
 
 
 kjcj'. 
 
 T'pmnlplioimp 
 
 
 IJiXi 1\ IIIOLtJ ... 
 
 Q 
 O 
 
 
 9r» 
 
 
 c 
 D 
 
 Ballysidare . 
 
 28 
 
 v^Mstlphaifl Win 
 
 fi 
 
 
 
 Fi>'iJn()li\;' ^ 
 
 1 fi 
 
 1 o 
 
 
 
 
 tJune 
 
 Eniscrone . « 
 
 18 
 
 Esky .... 
 
 3 
 
 Tuberscanavan 
 
 18 
 
 Castlebaldwin . . 
 
 4 
 
 Farnicarney - . 
 
 21 
 
 r)romore . . . 
 
 6 
 
 Skreen .... 
 
 21 
 
 Banada . . . , 
 
 7 
 
 Ardnaglass . . . 
 
 23 
 
 Ballymote • , . 
 
 7 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Ballintogher . . 
 
 8 
 
 
 Oct. 
 
 Balaghy .... 
 
 9 
 
 Tobercurry . . . 
 
 4 
 
 J3allinacarrow . . 
 
 14 
 
 Clif^bny .... 
 
 5 
 
4145 
 
 KEW tRAVELLEE's GUIDU 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 T5unenidon . 
 Sligo . . . 
 BallinacaiTow 
 Ballintogher 
 Ballysidere . 
 Hossllee . : 
 Grange , . 
 Tuberscanavan 
 
 Gastlebaldwm 
 ClifFony . . 
 Templehouse 
 Ballysidere . 
 Bnllymote . 
 Ardiiaglass . 
 Esky 0 . . 
 
 Time. 
 
 October 
 9 
 9 
 
 17 
 
 24 
 28 
 28 
 31 
 
 
 Nov, 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 6 
 
 
 7 
 
 
 12 
 
 
 15 
 
 
 17 
 
 
 18 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Coloony . 
 Buneniden 
 Tobercurry 
 
 Newtown 
 Ballintogher 
 Grange . . 
 Ballinacarrow 
 Cliffony . . 
 Ballysidare . 
 Coloony . , 
 Ballymote . 
 Farnicarney 
 Screen . , 
 Dromore 
 
 Time, 
 Nov. 
 21 
 27 
 29 
 
 Dec. 
 5 
 8 
 
 lO&U 
 U 
 15 
 15 
 16 
 20 
 21 
 21 
 30 
 
IRELANUi 
 
 ^15 
 
 COUNTY OF CAVAN. 
 
 The County or Cavan—Is bounded on the north by Fer- 
 managh and Monaghan; on the east by West Meath ; on the 
 south by Longford ; and on the south west by Leitrim hs 
 greatest extent from east to west is about forty Irish miles* and 
 trom north to south, about twenty-two Irish miles. Its surface 
 comprises 301,000 acres, Irish plantation measure. It contains 
 seven baronies, Clonmoghan, TuUaghhanka, Castleragh^i, 
 Loughtee, Tullahaw, Clonkee, Tullaghgarry. Which are di- 
 vided mto thirty parishes. It abounds in fenny pastures and 
 coarse grounds ; some portions are fertile, having a rich deep 
 soil. It IS much incumbered with mountain in those parts Ivino- 
 contiguous to the counties of Leitrim and Fermanagh ; it i'S 
 pleasingly speckled with numerous small lakes, which hiohly 
 contribute to diversify and beautify the prospect. Its prindpal 
 rivers are the Woodward, the Croghan, the Erne, the Bally- 
 hays, and Annal ee, besides numerous little streamlets, which are 
 scattered in all directions, either to feed the various lakes or 
 mingle with the stately current of the more majestic rivers. All 
 the rivers of every description rising in this county, or flowino- 
 tlirough It from remoter sources, invariably direct their courses 
 to l.ough Erne, situated in a neighbouring county. The linea 
 manufacture has vigorously thriven in this district. This coun^ 
 ty gives the title of Earl to the family of Lambert. 
 
 Parishes in the Baronij of Clo?imoga}i. 
 
 Ballymachugh, Drujniummon, BallintempK 
 Croii;;erloiih. * ^ 
 
416 
 
 NEW Traveller's guide 
 
 On tlie road running from Old-castle to Daly's-brldgo, Cavan 
 County connncnccs near the forty-three mile stone. Ilcre the 
 road forks into two brandies, that on the right leads to Cavan. 
 At the forty-five mile stone, is situated the delightful demesne 
 of Pallas on the right. 
 
 Dah/s Bridge — Is a neat little village distant forty-six miles and 
 a hainVom Dublin Castle, and agreeably situated on a consider- 
 able strcnm flowing into Lough Shellin. On the border of this 
 lake stand tlie ruins of an old castle to the left, and on an island 
 in the lake are the ruins of an old abbey, erected at an early 
 but uncertain period, and still continues a very distinguished 
 cemetery. At the forty-eight mile stone, a cross road on the 
 right leads to Virginia. On this side of the fifty mile stone, a 
 cross road on the right winds to Crosskeys. At the fifty-one 
 mile stone, stands Darien's bridge, and a cross road on the 
 right sweeps towards Crosskeys. Here is situated a small lake 
 on the left. At the fifty-three mile stone, stands Ballintemple 
 church on the right, and a small lake to the left. On this side 
 of the fifty-four mile stone, a cross road on the right leads to 
 Bally James Duff*. 
 
 Ballinanaiiglit^ — Is a neat little village, distant fifty-four miles 
 and a half from Dublin Castle; across road on the right leads to 
 Cavan, and another on the left runs to Granard. On this side 
 of the fifty-five mile stone, a cross road on the left leads to 
 Longford. 
 
 Crossdony^ — Is a smart little village, distant fifty-six miles 
 from Dublin Castle; a cross road on the right leads to Cavan : 
 midway between Crossdony and Cavan, is situated Kilmore, of 
 \vhich an account shall be given in its appropriate position ; 
 on the left of Crossdony are situated three small lakes. On 
 this side of the fifty-seven mile stone, the road crosses the Erne 
 river, by Ballyhidy bridge. This vicinity is a continued clus- 
 ter of beautiful mansions and highly improved demesnes. 
 
 Parislics in the Barony of TullaghunJm, 
 
 Kildallen, Killeshandra. 
 
 From Ballyhidy bridge, the road runs in a piTrallel direction 
 with the river Erne for a considerable distance. At the sixty 
 mile stone stands a small lake on the left, and a little farther on, 
 a cro->s road on the left leads to St. Johnstown. Killeshandi'a, a 
 smart sprightly village, distant sixty miles and three quarter- 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 41*7 
 
 from Dublin Castle, is agreeably situated on the river CTOghan, 
 Here is a plain well built church adorned with a spire and steeple. 
 On the western bank of the river are situated the ruins of an 
 old castle to the right, and a little farther on, a cross road on 
 the right leads to Belturbet, and another on the left w^nds to- 
 wards Leitrim. A little beyond the sixty-three mile stone, the 
 road forks into two branches, that on the right leads to Bally- 
 connel, the other on the left runs to Swadlinbar. A little beyond 
 the sixty-four mile stone, a cross road on the right leads to Beltur- 
 bet. Here are two small lakes situated on the right, and one 
 on the left connected by a stream over which the road passes. 
 A little beyond the sixty-five mile stone, two small lakes lie on 
 the right. These lakes generally lying contiguous to each other, 
 and connected by a winding stream, may not unaptly be com- 
 pared to a pair of spectacles. On this side of the sixty-seven 
 mile stone, the road crosses the Woodford river. At the sixty- * 
 seven mile stone, a cross road on the right leads to Ballyconnel, 
 and another on the left runs to Ballinamore, and a Ijttle farther 
 on are the ruins of an old church on the left. 
 
 To Swadlinbar hi/ Daly^s-Bridge, 
 
 Daly's-bridge , 
 Darun's-bridge 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 • • ■ 
 
 461 
 
 . 5 
 
 5U 
 
 Ballinanaught 
 
 3^- 
 
 54^ 
 
 Crossdony 
 
 .Ik 
 
 56 
 
 Killeshandra 
 
 41 
 
 60l 
 
 Baunboy 
 
 . 8l 
 
 69^ 
 
 Swadlinbar 
 
 4? 
 
 74| 
 
 Parishes in the Barony ef Tullahatv, 
 
 Kinawley, Templeport, Tomregan. 
 
 ♦ 
 
 At the sixty-eight mile stone, is situated Templeport church 
 to the left, on the borders of a small lake. At the sixty-nine 
 mile stone, the road from Ballyconnol unites on the right at 
 Baunboy village, and a cross road on the left, leads to Bally- 
 magovern, from the seventy to the seventy -one mile stone, a lake 
 on the left flanks the road, and a cross road on the left winds 
 j towards Leitrim. At the seventy-three mile stone,, stand the 
 j ruins of an gld church on the right. 
 
 3 H 
 
 I 
 
4? 10 irEw traveller's guide 
 
 Swadlmhar,"'D\stsLnisevcnty-iouY miles and a half from Dublin 
 Castle, is a neat smart village, agreeably situated on the Clodagh 
 river. It is much frequented in the summer season, by hy]iocondri- 
 fLCs, valetudinarians, and patients actually afflicted with scorbutic 
 and cutaneous maladies, to drink the vi^aters of a celebrated spa, 
 situated within half a mile of this village, and deemed efficacious 
 in distempers of this discription, as well as in nervous cases. 
 Here stands a plain neat church adorned with a spire and steeple; 
 a cross road branches off on the right. Here the road enters 
 the county of Feripanagh, passing by Florencecourt, the splendid 
 residence of the Earl of Enniskillen. And at the eighty-four 
 mile stone, it re-enters the county of Cavan, where a cross road 
 on the right passes over Belcoo bridge, then forks into two 
 branches, the one on the right stretching towards Enniskillen, 
 and the other on the left runs to Garrison. 
 
 Black Lion Jnn — Is distant eighty-four miles and a quarter 
 from Dublin Castle. A little beyond the eighty-five mile stone, 
 lie the ruins of an old church, situated on the right close to the 
 shore of Lough Macknean. A little beyond the eighty- six mile 
 stone, a cross road on the left leads to Leitrim, and on this side 
 of the cjghty-tnght mile stone, the county terminates in this 
 direction. On the road passing from Kells to Virginia, Cavan 
 County commences on this side of the thirty-seven mile stone ; a 
 cross road on the right, leads to Bailieborough, and another on the 
 left runs to Crossakeel. At the thirty-nine mile stone, is situated 
 Lpugh Ramor to the left ; on an island in this lake stand the 
 ruins of an old castle. At the fortieth-mile stone, a cress road to 
 the right leads to Moynalty, and the ruins of an old castle lie 
 to the left. 
 
 Parishes i?t the Barony of Castleraheen, 
 
 Castleraheen, Lurgan, Munterconnaught, 
 
 Killinkere, Mullagh. 
 
 Virgtnia,- — Distant forty miles and a half from Dublin Castle, 
 is a smart neat town pleasantly situated on a river of the same 
 name. Here the road from Baiheborough unites on the right, 
 and the ruins of an old castle stand on the left. At the forty-two 
 mile stone, a cross road on the left leads to Old-Castle. At 
 the f(^rty three mile stone, stands Lurgan church to the right. 
 
 Bally James Duff] — Is a sprightly little village, distant forty 
 fr;e miles and a quarter from Dublin Castle; the road from Qlg- 
 
FOR IRELANI). 
 
 Castle unites on the left, and a cross roa,d on the left sweeps 
 towards Granard ; here a small lake stands on the right : at 
 the forty-seven mile stone, is situated a lake to the right ; at 
 the forty-nine miie stone, a cross road on the right, leads to 
 Stradon, and a *mall lake stands on the left : on this side of 
 the fifty-one mile stone, a cross road on the right, sweeps to- 
 wards Stradone; and two cross roads on the lett branch off in 
 different directions, one to Old-Castle, and the other to Ballin- 
 anaught. On this side of the fifty-three mile stone, a cross 
 road on the right, leads to Stradorie, and another on the left, 
 sweeps forward to Ballinanaught. 
 
 Parishes in the Baroni) of Loughtee. 
 
 Belturbet, Drumlane, Lowey, 
 
 AnnagellifTe, Kilmore^ Urney. 
 
 Denn, 
 
 €ava?iit — The shire and assizes toJvn of this County, ahd 
 distant fifty-four miles from the Castle of Dublin, is agreeably 
 situated on a river of the same name. Here are a goal, a 
 court-house, and a barrack for a troop of horse ; the royal 
 endowment for the establishment of a school in this town is 
 very considerable. In 1300, a monastery was founded here 
 for friars of the order of St. Dominick, by O'Reilly, dynast of 
 Breffinny; but in 1393, the Dominicans were expelled by this 
 sept, and the e&tablishment bestowed on Conventual Francis- 
 cans. In 1468, this monaster}^, together with Bally-Riel}', the 
 family mansion of this powerful sept, was burned by the 
 English forces, commanded by the Lord Deputy John Tiploft, 
 Earl of Worcester. Owen O'Neil, the redoubted leader of 
 the Irish insurgents, having died by poison, as traditionally 
 reported, was interred in this abbey on the 16th of November, 
 1619. It was a borough previous to the Union. The toad 
 from Stradone unites on the right ; a cross road sweeps off ou 
 the right, leading to Ballyhays ; and another on the left, lead;* 
 to Crossdony. 
 
 Kilmore, — Situated three miles to the east of Cavan, is a small 
 village, where an abbey was founded in the sixth century by 
 St. Columb ; it was erected into a bishoprick by St. Fedlimcd, 
 which was transferred to an obscure village named Triburna, 
 where it continued until the year 1454, when Andrew Mac 
 Brady, the then existing bishop ©f Tribui'na, erected a churcli 
 
420 
 
 NEW traveller's guide 
 
 on the scitc of the original structure, founded by St. Fedlimed, 
 to whose memory this edifice was dedicated, and received the 
 apjiellation of Kilmore, or the Great Church. This see has 
 neither cathedral, canons, nor chapter, to designate the grada- 
 tions of ecclesiastical dignity, the parochial church, situated 
 contiguous to the episcopal palace, being substituted to supply 
 the deficiency of a cathedral in all ecclesiastical transactions. 
 At the fifty-live mile stone, on the left, stands Far nham- House, 
 the splendid residence of Lord Farnham. The lakes scattered 
 through the extensive demesne, have a moit enchanting effect 
 in diversifying a profusion of charming prospects; in some 
 parts they are skirted with large thick hedge row trees, encir- 
 cling rich and verdant meads, while the rising grounds gradually 
 sloping, o4- abruptly ascending from the shores, are thickly 
 shaded with the deep and dark foliage of the forest, crowning 
 the summit of the hills, or covering the vales to a considerable 
 distance ; in one compartment stands a grass enclosure, animated 
 with various groups of flocks and herds, peaceably brousing on 
 its verdant and flowery carpet ; in other directions, the shores 
 are overshadowed with the impending trees closely ranged, and 
 projecting into the lake. The open spaces consist of undulating 
 lands, waving in a variety of forms ; in some places commanding 
 a full prospect of the lakes, and in other positions totally ob- 
 scureil, and exhibiting a very different picture. On this side of 
 the fifty-seven mile stone, a cross l oad on the right, leads to 
 Ballyhays. 
 
 To Ballt/connely bj/ KillesJiandra. 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Killeshandra, . . . — I 60| 
 
 Ballyconnel, . . . . 61 | 67j 
 
 Butlcr^s Bridge, — Distant fifty-seven miles from the Castle of 
 Dublin, is a neat smart village, agreeably situated on the 
 Ballyhays-river. Here the road forks into two branches, that 
 on the left, leads to Belturbet, and the other, on the right, runs 
 to Newtown Butler. At the sixty mile stone, a cross road on 
 the left, leads to Belturbet ; and another on the right, sweeps 
 to Red Hill. At the sixty-one mile stone, stands a small lake 
 on the right ; here the County terminates in this direction. On 
 the road passing between Butler*s-bridge and Belturbet, near 
 the fifty-eight mile stone, a cross road on the left, leads to 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 421 
 
 Ballyconnel ; and a little beyond the fifty-eight mile stono, 
 stand the ruins of an old church on the the borders of a lake 
 situated to the left ; at the fifty-nine mile stone, a long string 
 of small lakes are situated on the left; on this side of the sixty 
 mile stone, the road crosses between two lakes situated right and 
 left ; a little beyond the sixty mile stone, stands a lake on the 
 right ; on this side of the sixty-one mile stone, a cross road on the 
 right, leads to Ballyhays ; and the ruins of an old castle lie 
 in the same direction. 
 
 Belturhet^ — Distant sixty-one miles and a quarter from the 
 Castle of Dublin, is a moderately sized town, pleasantly situated 
 on the river Erne. Here is a barrack for a troop of horse ; a 
 church adorned with a spire and steeple ; and a good market- 
 house. It was a borough previous to the Union, returning two 
 members to the Irish Parliament. Three roads issue from this 
 town, that on the right leads to Enniskillen, the centre road 
 runs to Ballyconnel, and the third, branching oiF to the left, 
 winds towards Killeshandra. On the road passing betv/eeri 
 Belturbet and Enniskillen, at the sixty-three mile stone, stand 
 the ruins of an old abbey on the right, where the County ter- 
 minates in this direction. 
 
 Ballyconnel^ — Distant sixty-seven miles and a half from the 
 Castle of Dublin, is a smart little village, agreeably situated 
 on the Woodford-river. Here stands a substantial plain 
 church ; very extensive flour-mills have been erected in thrs 
 village : the road from Killeshandra unites on the left : two 
 roads issue from this town, that on the left leads to Ballyma- 
 govern, and the other on the right, winds by two different 
 ramifications, either to Manor Hamilton, or Enniskillen. On 
 the road leading from Moynalty to Bailieborough, the County 
 of Cavan commences at the forty mile stone ; a little farther o.n, 
 stand the ruins of an old church on the right ; at the forty-two 
 mile stone, a diagonal cross road unites on the right. 
 
 To Ballj/con7iel, hy Virginia. 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Virginia, .... — 
 
 Bally James Duff, ... 4l 451 
 
 Crossroads, .... 5 4 50 J 
 
 Cavan, 3^ 54 
 
 Butlers-bridge, . . . 3 57 
 
 Belturbet, . . . 4i 6U 
 
 Ballyconnel, • . . 6i 67| 
 
4^2 
 
 NEW tllAVi:LLER''s GUI DC 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of ClonJcee, 
 
 Eniiiskeen, Knockbrtde, Shercock, 
 Killan, Moybolgue, 
 
 Bailiehorough, — Is a neat smart little village, distant forty- 
 tlu-ec miles from the Castle of Dublin, and pleasantly situated 
 on a streamlet which flows into the Black-water. Here the 
 road from King's- Court unites on the right, and a cross road 
 on the left, leads to Virginia. To the left of the town, stand 
 the ruins of Bailieborough, pleasantly situated on the borders 
 of a small lake ; here the road forks into two branches, that on 
 the left leading to Cavan, and the other on the riglit, running 
 to Coote-Hill. At the forty-four mile stone, stands a lake on 
 the left ; on this side of the forty-six mile stone, are situated 
 two inconsiderable lakes on the left; at the forty-seven mile 
 stone, stands Knockbride Church, situated on the border of a 
 lake on the right; at the forty-eight mile stone, is situated the 
 little hamlet of Coronery, and a cross road on the left, sweeps 
 towards Cavan. On this side of the fifty-one mile stone, the 
 road crosses the Annalee-river, on whose bank stand the ruins 
 of an old church on the left : on this side of the fifty-two mile 
 stone, the road from Shercock unites on the right ; and a little 
 beyond the fifty- two mile stone, a cross road on the right, 
 winds towards Ballyhays. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Tullogh Garry, 
 
 Drumgoon, Killersherdiny, Lara. 
 
 Drung, Killinagh, 
 
 Coofc-Hill, — Distant fifty-two miles and three quarters from 
 the Castle of DubHn, is a neat smart, well built town, agreeably 
 situated on a river of the same name. Here the linen manu- 
 facture is extensively carried on. On the right of the town, 
 stands Bellamount-forest ; the mansion is a plain structure, 
 ivat the demesne is very extensive, which is most tastefully 
 planted in the finest stile of modern improvement. A cross 
 road on the left leads to Cavan ; the road from Shercock unites 
 on the right : three roads issue from this town, the one on the 
 left leads to Clones, the' centre road runs to Monaghan, and 
 the third branching off on the right, winds to Ballybay. On 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 423 
 
 this side of the fifty-five mile stone, the County terminates 
 in this direction : on the road leading from Nobber to King's- 
 Court, the County of Cavan commences at the thirty-^ight 
 piile stone. 
 
 To Coote-Hill, by King's-CourL 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 King's-Court, . . . — ^jsl 
 
 Shercock, - . . 6 44 1 
 
 Coote-Hill, . . . Ik 52k 
 
 Kin^S'Court, — Is an inconsiderable village, distant thirty- 
 eight miles and three quarters from the Castle of Dublin. — 
 Here the roads from Moynalty and Ardee conterminate ; a 
 cross road on the left, sweeps to Bailieborough ; at the forty 
 mile stone a cross road on the right leads to Carrickmacross ; 
 at the forty-two mile stone, stands Droughlone Lake on the 
 right; at the forty-three mile stone, there is a small lake 
 situated on the right ; at the forty-four mile stone, the road 
 from Carrickmacross unites on the right. 
 
 Shercock^ — Is a small village, distant forty-four miles and 
 three quarters from the Castle of Dublin ; a small lake stands 
 to the left; and a little farther on, is situated Lough Swillan 
 on the left ; whence the Annalee-river derives its source : on 
 this side of the forty-eight mile stone, a cross road on the 
 right leads to Ballybay ; at the fifty-two mile stone, it unites 
 with the road running from the village of Coronery, and thence 
 proceeds to Coote-Hill already noticed. 
 
 To Coote-Hilly hy Bailiehomigh, 
 
 (Miks ) 
 
 Bailieborough . , ; — 43 
 
 Coronery . , . . 4 1 471 
 
 Coote-Hill, . ; • 5^ 5%i 
 
42^ NEW traveller's guide 
 
 A Table of Fairs held in tJiis County in every month in the year* 
 
 Places whcve held. 
 
 Time 
 
 Jan, 
 
 JPlciCGS 'WJlCTC Htldm 
 
 Titne^ 
 
 Apr, 
 
 J\6Ulllll . . • . 
 
 1 
 
 K.ing s-Court « 
 
 Id 
 
 liaJlyconnel . . . 
 
 2 
 
 Virginia .... 
 
 17 
 
 Crosskeys . , . 
 
 6 
 
 "Oil _ 1 
 
 i5allyconnel , . . 
 
 18 
 
 Middleton 
 
 S 
 
 Kilgolagh . . . 
 
 26 
 
 iliJgolan .... 
 
 17 
 
 
 
 
 Aroagh .... 
 
 29 
 
 
 May, 
 
 
 
 Arvagh .... 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 reo* 
 
 1 ulliven .... 
 
 A 
 
 'If 
 
 Cavan .... 
 
 1 
 
 iviiuaieton . . 
 
 e> 
 O 
 
 Kilnulcck .... 
 
 z, 
 
 Bally James Duff • 
 
 7 
 
 Svvadlinbar , . . 
 
 2 
 
 Ballincarnck 
 
 12 
 
 Shercock 
 
 4 
 
 Kilnaleck . . . 
 
 13 
 
 Kilcogny . . . 
 
 5 
 
 Cavan .... 
 
 14 
 
 Scraby . ... 
 
 1 A 
 
 lU 
 
 Ballyconnel . • 
 
 lb 
 
 Ballinacarrig 
 
 1 O 
 
 \z 
 
 Bailieborough 
 
 17 
 
 J^ailyconnel . . , 
 
 13 
 
 baiiyhays 
 
 18 
 
 Bailieborough . . 
 
 1 7 
 
 owadlmbar . . 
 
 18 
 
 
 jjeitiirDet .... 
 Largy .... 
 King's -Court 
 
 
 
 lYlur* 
 
 15aliynays 
 
 1 
 
 23 
 
 JMiaaieton • • 
 
 
 Ballinagowran . . 
 
 
 jDelturbet 
 
 6 
 
 iieaniu .... 
 
 OA 
 
 lulliven .... 
 
 9 
 
 Kilcogny .... 
 
 25 
 
 Coote-HiU . . . 
 
 12 
 
 Uoobaily .... 
 
 26 
 
 Ballyconnel 
 
 1 7 
 
 Crossdony ... 
 
 a/ 
 
 Kilgolagri . . . 
 
 J 7 
 
 k^craby . ... 
 
 27 
 
 Cross 
 
 17 
 
 Crosskeys 
 
 29 
 
 1 rosskeys • 
 
 17 
 
 
 
 
 
 liedniil .... 
 
 19 
 
 
 June, 
 
 Dwadlmbar . . . 
 
 20 
 
 Mountnugent . . 
 
 1 
 
 Ivilnaleck . • • . 
 
 25 
 
 Ballinagh 
 
 5 
 
 f5tradone 
 
 28 
 
 OT 1 
 
 fehercock 
 
 7 
 
 i 11 9 n f1 rn 
 
 28 
 
 Bplf 11 rbpf-rarp 
 
 8 
 
 
 
 Arvagh .... 
 
 8 
 
 
 
 
 Apr. 
 
 Coote-Hill . , . 
 
 9 
 
 Shercock 
 
 4 
 
 Kilnaleck 
 
 11 
 
 Crossdony . . . 
 
 5 
 
 Belturbet . . . 
 
 12 
 
 Ballinagh . . . 
 
 15 
 
 Ballihiland . . . 
 
 12 
 
 Arvagh .... 
 
 16 
 
 Bailieborough . . 
 
 12 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 Places loJterB held. 
 
 Time, 
 
 June, 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Time, 
 
 Sept 
 
 Ivmg s-court 
 
 io 
 
 Belturbet 
 
 4 
 
 Killeshandra 
 
 22 
 
 Middleton . . . 
 
 8 
 
 Stradone .... 
 
 24 
 
 Kilnaleck 
 
 11 
 
 Ballvconnel . . . 
 
 24. 
 
 Coote-Hill . . . 
 
 12 
 
 Swadlinbar . . . 
 
 29 
 
 King's-Court 
 
 19 
 
 
 
 Largy ^ .... 
 
 22 
 
 
 
 
 July, 
 
 VlIglLlld. .... 
 
 
 Crosskeys . . , 
 
 2 
 
 Aroagli .... 
 
 24 
 
 Shercock .... 
 
 2 
 
 
 25 
 
 Tulliven . • . . 
 
 5 
 
 Shercock .... 
 
 28 
 
 Virginia .... 
 Ballyhays . . . 
 Bally James DufF . 
 
 9 
 
 Ballyconnel . . . 
 
 29 
 
 13 
 17 
 
 . _. , , _ 
 
 
 
 Oct. 
 
 Middleton . . . 
 
 20 
 
 Ballinagh . . . 
 
 1 
 
 x3eituiDet 
 
 O 1 
 
 Stradone .... 
 
 10 
 
 Largy .... 
 
 22 
 
 Swadlinbar . . . 
 
 13 
 
 Redhill .... 
 
 24 
 
 Bailieborough . . 
 
 14 
 
 Swadlinbar • . . 
 
 27 
 
 Mountnugent 
 
 20 
 
 Ballyconnol . . . 
 
 
 iLcUIllli .... 
 
 
 
 Ballyconnel . . . 
 
 25 
 
 1 1 
 
 
 
 
 Aug. 
 
 Bally James Duff . 
 
 26 
 
 King*s-Court 
 
 I 
 
 Shercock .... 
 
 29 
 
 Scraby .... 
 
 1 
 
 Middleton . . . 
 
 30 
 
 Kilcogny .... 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Ballynagh . . . 
 
 5 
 
 
 Nov. 
 
 Ballinacarrig 
 
 6 
 
 Arvagh .... 
 
 I 
 
 Kilnaleck .... 
 
 10 
 
 Kilnaleck . . . 
 
 I 
 
 Ballinagowran . . 
 
 12 
 
 Kilcogny .... 
 
 5 
 
 Muff 
 
 12 
 
 Ballyhays . . . 
 
 6 
 
 Cavan .... 
 
 14 
 
 Killeshandra . . . 
 
 8 
 
 Doobally 
 
 15 
 
 King's- Court 
 
 8 
 
 Stradone 
 
 16 
 
 Cayan .... 
 
 12 
 
 Bailieborough . . 
 
 17 
 
 Bailieborough . . 
 
 17 
 
 Shercock .... 
 
 23 
 
 Crossdony . . , 
 
 17 
 
 jviiiesnanara . 
 
 o c 
 Zo 
 
 Belturbet .... 
 
 18 
 
 Crossdony . . . 
 
 26 
 
 Largy .... 
 
 19 
 
 Tulliven .... 
 
 26 
 
 Crosskeys , . . 
 
 20 
 
 Ballyconnel . . . 
 
 28 
 
 Virginia .... 
 
 21 
 
 Ballyhays . . . 
 
 30 
 
 Ballinacarrig 
 
 22 
 
 
 
 Ballinagowran . . 
 
 23 
 
 
 
 Bally James Duff . 
 
 Sept, 
 2 
 
 Kilgolagh . . . 
 
 27 
 
 Swadlinbar . . . 
 
 ?7 
 
NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Time. 
 
 
 Dec. 
 
 Ballyconnel . • , 
 King's-Court 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 Coote-Hill . . . 
 
 6 
 
 Scraby . . . , 
 
 11 
 
 Tulliven .... 
 
 11 
 
 Bally hays . . . 
 
 13 
 
 Shercock 
 
 U 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Time, 
 
 
 Dec» 
 
 Kilnaleck . . . 
 
 17 
 
 Stradone , . . , 
 
 18 
 
 Swadlinbar . 
 
 20 
 
 Ballinagh . * . 
 
 21 
 
 Bally James DufF . 
 King's-Court : . 
 
 23 
 
 24. 
 
 Aroagh .... 
 
 
FOR IfXliSBt 
 
 COUNTY OF FERMANAGH. 
 
 The County of Ffrmanagh is bounded on the south and 
 trest by Leitrim ; on the north by the Counties of Donegal and 
 Tyrone ; and on the east by the Counties of Monaghan arid 
 Cavan. Its greatest extent from east to west, is aboajt 34 Irish 
 miles, and from north to south, about 26 Irish miles. Its 
 surface comprises 283,4-00 acres, Irish plantation measure, 
 including bogs, mountain, and waste ; it is divided into eight 
 Baronies: — Knockninye, Cloiiawly, Tureskennedy, Mahereboj-, 
 Lurge, Coole, Magherestaphana, Clonkelly — which contain 
 eighteen Parishes. The celebrated Lough-Erne occupies the 
 centre portion of this County, from one extremity to the other ; 
 a circumstance that materially impedes travelling, as the nothern 
 and southern divisions thus severed asunder by the intervening 
 lake, can only hold communication by water, not at all times 
 passable, or by going a circuitous land-journey through Ennis- 
 Jkillen, built on an island formed by the waters flowing from the 
 upper branch to the Lower Lake, from both ends of which 
 town, bridges are constructed to communicate with the main- 
 land, lying on both sides of the water. Extensive boggy tracts 
 and coarse mountains, occupy a great portion of the surface 
 of this County, some of which are cultivable and capable of 
 improvement; not only all the rivers originating in this County? 
 but almost every other river deriving its source from the adja- 
 cent districts, uniformly direct their courses towards Lough- 
 
4^8 
 
 NE^ traveller's GUIDE 
 
 Erne, into' which they discharire their waters. This district 
 was constituted a County in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, 
 I'he linen manufacture flourishes here, as the soil seems to be 
 well adapted for the growth of flax ; the females of this district 
 are deemed very expert spinners : this County gives the title of 
 Viscount to the family of Verney. In ancient times it was the 
 exclusive property of the MacGuires, a powerful and very for- 
 midable sept, and the natural strength and strong passes with 
 which this territory abounded, rendered their reduction and 
 fcubju'gation, an Herculean enterprize. 
 
 Parish in the Barony of Knochwiye, 
 CallahiU. 
 
 On the road leading from Ballyconnel to Callahill, Ferma- 
 iiagh County commences on this side of the sixty-ninth mile 
 .stone; here the road runs along the base of Slieve Russell, 
 situated on the left. 
 
 CallahiU, — Is an inconsiderable village, distant seventy-one 
 miles and three quarters from the Castle of Dublin ; here the 
 road froin Belturbet unites on the right. The church is situ- 
 atotl on the right ; at the seventy-two mile stone, lie the ruins 
 of a castle on the left ; the road in continuation runs through 
 a moory tract well planted. On this side of the seventy-five 
 mile stone, it crosses the CTodagh-river ; a cross road on the 
 left, leads to Swadlinbar ; a little beyond the seventy-five mile 
 stone, stand the ruins of an old castle on the left ; on this side 
 of the seventy-eight mile stone, the road from Swadlinbar 
 unites on the left ; here the road forks into two branches, that 
 on the right leading to Enniskillen, and the other on the left, 
 to Manor Pfam'ilton. At the seventy-nine mile stone of the road 
 branching towards Manor Hamilton, stands Florence Court on 
 the left, the splendid residence of the Earl of Enniskillen. 
 The mansion is a modern structure, erected on the scite of the 
 old family habitation ; the front extending two hundred and 
 sixty feet is of the Ionic order; the west front commands a 
 delightful view of Loiigh-Macknean, and to the south lie a lofty 
 range of mountains Called the Culea; the approach is through 
 a sloping lawn, consisting of one hundred and forty acres, 
 where the house stands, encircled by natural woods and planta- 
 tions ; the remaining compartments of this very extensive 
 demesne are tastefidly arranged, affording a variety of charming 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 429 
 
 prospects ; and the natural beauty of the situation is as highly 
 ornamented as the efforts of art judiciously displayed could 
 profusely embellish it. It is superfluous to obserA^e, that a 
 sylvan scenery constitutes a considerable ingredient of its vari- 
 ously diversified charms. Before the noble family of Enniskillen 
 transferred their residence from Enniskillen Castle to this spot, 
 the surrounding country was totally unimproved, and scarcely 
 inhabited. On this demesne, at a considerable distance from 
 the mansion, there is a natural arch in a rock, through which 
 a subterraneous river flows. A little beyond the eighty mile 
 stone, stands New Church on the right ; on this side of the 
 eighty-two mile stone, the road crosses the Clodagh -river, ou 
 whose banks are situated the ruins of an old church to the left ; 
 on the road leading from Belturbet to Enniskillen, the County 
 of Fermanagh commences at the sixty-three mile stone ; at the 
 sixty-four mile stone, stands a lake on the left ; at the sixty- 
 seven mile-stone, is situated a lake on the right ; on this side of 
 the sixty-nine mile stone, the road from Ballyconnel unites on 
 the left ; a church, and the ruins of an old castle, lie on the 
 left ; and thence the two roads ihus conterminating, run con- 
 jointly to Enniskillen. 
 
 ParisJies in the Barony of Coole, 
 Drumkin, Drummull}'. 
 
 On the road leading from Butler's-bridge to Wattle-bridge, 
 the river Fin separates the Counties of Cavan and Fermanagh 
 in this direction. 
 
 Wattle-bridge, — Distant sixty-two miles and a half from the 
 Castle of Dublin, is a smart little village, pleasantly situated 
 on the river Fin. On the right stand the ruins of a Druidical 
 temple, situated on the bank of the river. On this side of the 
 sixty-three mile stone, stands St. Mary's Church to the right, 
 adorned with a spire and lofty steeple : between the sixty-three 
 and sixty-four mile stones, are situated two small lakes on the 
 left. 
 
 Newtown-butler y — Distant sixty-five miles and a quarter from 
 the Castle of Dublin, is an inconsiderable village, which gives 
 the title of Baron to the Earl of Lanesborough : here is an 
 handsome church, and a cross road on the right, winds towaids 
 Clones. 
 
 Donoughy — Is a small village, distant, sixty-seven miles and a 
 quarter ffom the Castle of Dublin. The road frgni ('ioru.'s 
 
KEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 unites on the right. Here are the ruins of an old church situ- 
 atefl on the right, and a small lake stands on the left, there are 
 a very few hamlets thinly scattered over this barony. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Magherestaphana* 
 
 Aghaleurcher, Aghavea. 
 
 LisnesJcea^ — Distant seventy miles and a quarter from Dublin 
 Castle, is a poor decayed village, contiguous to which are many 
 neat residences, inhabited by a very respectable gentry, whose 
 comfortable independence is not over shaded by the towering 
 splendor of lordly ostentation, or the pompous parade of glitter- 
 ing equipages ; nor is the pride of ambitious vanity humbled by a 
 contrasted display of such a disparity of relative property, where 
 the private gentleman possessed of a moderate income, must be- 
 come contented to take his station in the back ground of the 
 picture. A cross road on the right leads to Brooksborough, 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Tureslcennedy, 
 
 Derryvullan, Enniskiilen, Magheracross, 
 
 Trory. 
 
 Maguire^s Bridge^ — distant seventy- two miles and three quar- 
 ters from Dublin Castle, is pleasantly situated on a streamlet 
 flowing into Lough Erne. Here the road from Clones unites 
 on the right ; a cross road on the right leads to Brooksborough ; a 
 road sweeping off on the right winds to Tempo. Beyond the 
 seventy-five mile stone, stands Libellaw^ church, pleasantly situ- 
 ated on the bank of a considt rable streamlet flowing into Lough 
 Erne ; a cross road on the right leads to Tempo, and another on 
 the left stretches towards Bellisle, the romantic residence of the 
 late Earl of Ross, distant two miles from Libellaw; it is situated 
 on an island in Lough Erne, consisting of about two hundred 
 acres, charmingly diversified by hills, dales, and gentle declivi- 
 ties; which are richly clothed with a profusion of old timber,. in 
 some positions forming the thick shade of the gloomy forest, 
 and in other places exhibiting the open and cheerful groves ; 
 the trees overhanging the shore produce a most agreeable effect. 
 A reach of tho lake extends in front of the mansion, situated 
 ^Tiear the sliore enveloped by & fine wood, at the same time ex> 
 
FOR IRELiVND. 
 
 431 
 
 ricliiiig the beauty of the scenery, and affording an agreeable 
 belter. This sheet of water, which is three miles in length, is 
 bounded by an island thickly wooded, and a circular hill, which 
 forms the deer park ; this hill is backed by a mountain of con- 
 siderable elevation ; on the right are situated five large clumps 
 of thick wood, diversified with as many islands, boldly emerging 
 from the bosom of the lake, between which the waters break in 
 beautiful sheets, and forming an aquatic scene extremely pic-^ 
 turesque. In the opposite direction, the lake stretches behind 
 a forest, in a strait which forms Belli sle. Through the island 
 beautiful gravel v/alks are formed, affording a great variety of 
 agreeable prospects. A Temple is erected on an eminence com- 
 manding a full view of all the wooded islands ; the united assem- 
 blage of the clustered islands appears from the grotto an unin- 
 terrupted serips of improvement, and the intervening water 
 flowing between them, assumes the appearance of a fine bay 
 deeply penetrating into the recesses of a dark forest ; above these, 
 the green park rises in majestic grandeur, whose verdant car- 
 pet is strongly contrasted with the russet hue of the heathy 
 mountains, exhibiting a distant view, and now beheld in their 
 proudest solemnities. At the seventy-seven mile stone, stands 
 a small lake on the left. At the seventy-nine mile stone, a road 
 branches off on the right leading to Omagh. 
 
 Enniskillen, — Distant seventj'-nine miles and three quarters 
 from Dublin Castle, is a very considerable inland town, delight- 
 fully situated on an island formed by th^ waters communicating 
 between the upper and lower sections of this charming lake. 
 The town thus strongly situated, is only approachable by two 
 bridges placed at its northern and southern extremities ; such 
 natural advantages enabled its loyal inhabitants to protect it 
 from desolation on various occasions, during the unfortunate 
 conflicts which so frequently convulsal the tranquillity of this 
 island. On a gentle eminence commanding the bridge, are the 
 remains of a redoubt, which was occupied by the inhabitants, 
 when they so heroically and successfully defended the town 
 against James the Second's army. At the revolution, a regiment 
 of cavalry was raised, principally composed of the youth of this 
 town and its vicinity, which then, as on all subsequent engage- 
 ments, singularly distinguished itself, and still bears its original 
 proud title of Loyal Enniskilleners. It is the shire and assizes 
 town of the county. Its public buildings are such as are neces- 
 sarily constructed in all places where public justice is adminis- 
 tered, and malefactors arc confined. It has a fine barrack for 
 three companies of foot. Contiguous to the town a superb 
 
432 
 
 NEW traveller's guide 
 
 school house is erected, most profusely endowed by royal boun- 
 ty ; if such establishments were appropriated to the education 
 of the children of poor clergymen and subaltern officers, des- 
 tined for a military profession, or for the ministry ; they would 
 then prove a real national benefit, and an exhaustless source for 
 a succession of able, pious, and unambitious divines, who would 
 enter on the sacred office, not from the expectation of speedy 
 promotion, through either the intrigue or influence of a power- 
 ful patron, or the predelection of episcopal partiality; and the 
 poor parent, who toiled all his life for a scanty pittance in the 
 church, scarcely sufficient to affi^rd subsistence, would close his 
 eyes in thankful gratitude, that such asylums existed to afford 
 protection and suitable instruction to the surviving pledges of 
 his former solicitude, and whose future humble establishment 
 engrossed his only worldly ambition. But now, alas ! neither 
 the university, nor the numerous magnificent establishments of 
 this discription, afford- such flattering expectations. On the 
 present perverted plan, these institutions only prove profitable 
 to the individual possessed of sufficient interest to obtain the 
 appointment. The immense revenues, now wantonly wasted, 
 might be more judicii)usly distributed in affording the ne- 
 cessary teachers liberal and adequate salaries besides the 
 profits accruing from wealthy boarders ; and the surplus of the 
 revenue might be applied lor educating and supporting a cer- 
 tain number of children, the sons of meritorious indigent, 
 unprovided, and unbeneficed clergymen. For as matters now 
 stand, few indeed in a short period, will be found to enter into 
 holy orders, when other professions requiring less preparations, 
 offerimore inviting prospects : ayoung man, after obtaining aslen- 
 der scholastic classical education, and having qualified himself 
 to pass a surgical examination at the proper boards, obtains an 
 appointment either in the army or the navy, where he receives 
 a comfortable pay, and is sure of promotion, if his professional 
 talents merit distinction ; but the candidate for holy orders must 
 pass through a tedious and laborious course of pveperatory 
 studies in the university before he can presume to commence 
 the profession he solicits. Ordination being obtained, the young 
 divine is now left to shift for an employment, for which purpose 
 he must depend on the active inquiries of some friends, or trust 
 his hopes to the precarious advertisement of a news-paper, and 
 may at length become sufficiently fortunate to be appointed a 
 curate to some remote living, where the wealthy pluralist may 
 DOt wish to reside, and here he may spend the remainder of his 
 days in indigent obscurity; unless the death, or removal of the 
 
435 
 
 rector to a more lucrative preferment, may introduce a new in- 
 cumbent, who may please to perform his own duty, and then 
 the unfortunate assistant is once more flung on the wide world, 
 tmprovided, and unprotected, and perhaps fettered with the ad* 
 ditional incumbrance of a wife, and helpless family. These po- 
 sitive grievances, to which the inferior clergy are exposed, and 
 which they frequently experience, are submitted in an humble 
 and confident expectation, that they may be redressed by a com- 
 pentent tribunal, and that so meritorious and so enlightened a 
 description of useful individuals will not be always suffered to 
 linger in hopeless indigence ; as they may also become a warning 
 to any unexperienced young man, whose situation may accord 
 with the fore-mentioned circumstances, to foresee what discour- 
 aging obstacles interpose to impede the consummation of his 
 wishes, be he ever so eager to select, and so piously and con- 
 scientiously disposed to embrace this sacred profession, hand 
 ignara viali miscris siiccun ere disco. This town gives the title 
 of Viscount to the family of Cole, and returns one member to 
 the United Parliament. The road from Belturbet unites on 
 the left, three roads issue from this town, one leading to Bellcoo, 
 the centre road to Garrison, and the third skirting along the 
 fiouthern shore of the lake, sweeps towards Belleek. 
 
 To Bellcoo hy Eiiniskillen, 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Enniskillen - - - - - — [79^ 
 Bellcoo - - - - 9 I 88i 
 
 Parishes in the Brony of Cloncvwly, 
 
 Killesher, Bohoe, Cleenish^ 
 
 OardenhilJ, Skea. 
 
 On the road leading from Enniskillen to Bellcoo, a cross 
 I'oad on the right leading to Moy, branches oft from the four 
 mile stone. At the eight mile stone stand the ruins of an old 
 church to the left, on the border of a small lake. 
 
 Bellcoo^ — A neat small village, distant nine miles from Ennis- 
 killen, is pleasantly situated on a considerable stream, flowing 
 into Lough Macknean. Here is a celebrated well named Da^ 
 vugh Phadrie, reputed to be the best cold bath in the kingdom. 
 A cross road on the right leads to Garrison, At the eighty- 
 
 3 K 
 
KEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 I 
 
 seven mile stone of the road running on the .south side of Lough 
 JErne, from Enniskillen to Belleek the road from Derrygonnely 
 unites to the left ; a range of lofty mountains run in a parallel di- 
 rection with this road on the left, in the entire range of its 
 course to Belleek. 
 
 To Belleek Town ly Waltle Bridge. 
 
 
 (Miles ) 
 
 Wattle Bridge 
 
 
 62| 
 
 Newtown Butler 
 
 - 3 
 
 65f 
 
 Donough - - - 
 
 2 
 
 671 
 
 Lisneskea - - - 
 
 - 3 
 
 70| 
 
 Maguires Bridge 
 
 
 75| 
 
 iLisbellaw - - - 
 
 - 2i 
 
 76. 
 
 Enniskillen - - - 
 
 
 80| 
 
 Church Hill - 
 
 - 9 
 
 89i 
 
 Belleek Town 
 
 9 
 
 98| 
 
 Parishes in the Baronj/ of Magherelhoy. 
 
 Pevenish Island, Inismacsaint, Rossony, 
 Church HilJ, Monea Ruscar, 
 
 Church Hill 9 — Is a neat smart little village, distant eighty- 
 eight miles and a half from Dublin Castle ; here is a plain com- 
 fortable church adorned with a square steeple. At the ninety- 
 eeven mile stone, a road sweeps olF on the left, leading to 
 
 Garrison Village, —Distant one hundred and two miles 
 from Dublin Castle; here are the ruins of an old barrack, 
 where the county terminates in this direction. From the nor- 
 thern extremity of Enniskillen, two roads issue on the right, 
 one leads to Omagh, and the other winding on the left along 
 the northern shore of Lough Erne, runs by Pettigoe to Belleek4^ 
 and thence to Bally shannon. 
 
 Parishes in the Baroni/ of Jjarge* 
 
 Magheraculmony. 
 
 J5i?%c«sS(?4^,— Distant eighty-three miles from Dublin Ca«- 
 
435 
 
 tie, is pleasantly situated on the noftherli aWe of Lough 
 Erne. 
 
 Lisnarick^—^Dhtmt eighty-eight miles and three quarters 
 from Dublin Castle, is a small hamlet agreeably situated on the 
 northern shore of the lake * within half a mile of this village 
 stand the magnificent mansion and demesne of Castle Arch- 
 dall, commanding an extensive view of the lower lake, speckled 
 with numerous islands throughout the whole extent of its range 
 from Enniskillen to castle Caldwell, comprising the space of 
 twenty-one miles. 
 
 Cash, — Is an inconsiderable hamlet, distant 91 miles from 
 Dublin Castle, its proximity to the Lake constitutes its only re- 
 commendation ; about half a mile beyond this village stand the 
 ruins of an old castle close to the lake. Near the ninety-two 
 milo stone, a cross road on the right sweeps towards LilFord, 
 
 To Bellcek hi/ Enniskilkn, 
 
 Enniskillen - 
 
 Ballycassedy 
 
 Lisnarick 
 
 Cash 
 
 Belleek 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 
 795 
 
 . 31 
 
 831 
 
 
 881 
 
 
 901 
 
 
 97^ 
 
 Castte Caldvcell, — Distant ninety-four miles and a half from 
 Dublin Castlo, the residence of Sir James Caldwell, Bart, is 
 delightfully situated on a promontory shooting into th< lake 
 thickly wooded to the water's edge, over which a ridge of stu- 
 penduous mountains raise their dusky summits, whose wild 
 aspect forms a striking contrast with the sylvan scenery ex- 
 panded beneath their base : the promontory extending about 
 three miles into the lake, exhibits a beautiful assemblage of 
 wood and lawn, in one place presenting an impenetrable shade, 
 and then the verdant lawn appears interspersed with trees, 
 until it finally terminates in a forest ; the adjacent islands riro- 
 fusely scattered through the lake and covered with wood, highly 
 contribute to adorn and diversify the scenery. 
 
 Bdleelc^ — Distant ninety-seven miles and a quarter from 
 Dublin Castle, is a tolerably well built town, situated at the 
 i)ank of the great outlet, through which the waters of 1-ough 
 Krne discharge themselves into the sea, over which a strong 
 s*n!)p biId(.ro U erected, lo communicate Vr^th tht barony of 
 
K£W traveller's 
 
 Maghciebboy, situated on the south side of the lake ; below this 
 town there is a cataract, which obstructs the navigation between 
 Lough Erne and the Atlantic ocean ; here the county termi- 
 nates in this direction. On the road branching off on the 
 right from Maguires bridge to Omagh,| stand the smart little 
 %^illage of Tempo, distant seventy-six miles and three quarters 
 from Dublin Castle. Across road on the left, leads to Enniskil- 
 len ; on the road sweeping off on the right, from Lisneskea to 
 Augher, stands the smart little village of Brooksboro, distant 
 seventy-three miles and three quarters from Dublin Castle. 
 
 Parish in tlie Barony of Clonkelli/, 
 
 Magheraveely. 
 
 The only public road in this barony is that which passes 
 between Clones and Donough, already noticed, and another 
 winding on the right from Wattle Bridge to Brooksboro, 
 both of which places have been already described in their 
 proper places. 
 
 To Brooksboro hy Lisneskea* 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 "Lisneskea — 1 70<- 
 
 Brooksboro . . - • 3j | 73| 
 
 Lough Erne, — Extends from the eastei'n to the western ex- 
 tremity of the County, which it nearly divides into two equal por- ^ 
 tion its greatest breadth appears to be about fifteen miles : it con- 
 sists of two branches denominated the upperand lower, connected 
 by a narrow strait, where the water is contracted at the centre 
 into so narrow a space as to assume the appearance of a majes- 
 tic river winding beneath the hills, and sweeping round the vales 
 in various fantastic mazes. This course being pursued for 
 about the distance of six miles, the waters then divide into two 
 branches forming the Island on which Enniskillen stands. 1'he 
 lipper lake near Belturbet, is perfectly studded with islands, 
 inanj^ of which are so completely covered with forests, and all 
 appearance of land so perfectly concealed, that the trees 
 appear as if absolutely springing from the surface of the water, 
 others exhibit more diversified features, expanding beautiful 
 |iolhhed kwn&, swelling in graceful undulations, or ;>loping with 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 437 
 
 gentle declivities, ornamented with scattered trees, whose dark 
 foliage casts a solemn grandeur on the lively verdure of the 
 surface ; these islands afford a rich variety of dehghtful pros- 
 pects ; in some parts they retire, leaving vast spaces of the 
 water unoccupied, in other places they cluster into groups> 
 forming various bays and straits obscured by the pendant 
 forests of the circumjacent declivities. The island of Devenish, 
 situated about a mile below Enniskillen, contains ^boiit two 
 hundretl acres of the richest land in the county, on which 
 stands a very remarkable round tower, composed of cut blocks 
 of black stone apparently united without cement; near this 
 tower are the ruins of a celebrated monasteiy, founded by St. 
 Lascrian, also called St. Molaise about the year 565, for regu- 
 lar canons, under the invocation of the Virgin Mary, and was 
 succeeded by St. Natales, son of Engusius, King of Connaught. 
 In 1157, this abbey was nearly consumed by hre. In 1360, it 
 was materially injured by a similar calamity ; the workmanship 
 of this spacious and curious structure was exquisitely tasteful, 
 and elegantly delicate; contiguous stands a vaulted building, 
 called St. Molaise's house ; near the house is situated tlie saint's 
 bed, shaped like a coffin, where he used to pray : credulity su- 
 perstitiously believes that pains in the back may be miraculous- 
 ly healed by lying in this bed. The rising grounds extending 
 along the borders of the lake, are thickly interspersed with a 
 profusion of fine country seats, farm houses, cottages, and 
 hamlets, which highly contribute to enliven and diversify the 
 scenery, among which Castle Hume appears pre-eminently 
 conspicuous, encircled with thick forests, extending along the 
 slopes, or pending over steep declivities, in some places ap- 
 proaching, and in others, retiring from the water in deep mas- 
 es of impenetrable shades. In the lower part of the lake there 
 are several islands richly diversifying this extensive sheet of 
 water, many of which are large, tbrtile, and inhabited, afford- 
 ing abundance of pasture to numerous flocks of sheep and 
 herds of black cattle, while others, majestically ascending from 
 the bosom of the lake, are covered with the thick Ibliage of the 
 impenetrable forest, whose lowest tiers are so compressed by 
 the superincumbent branches of the loftier trees excluding 
 them from the occupancy of the firm land, that they are con- 
 strained to take refuge in the L.isom of the water. The lake 
 in the vicinhy of Castle Caldwell exhibits a pleasing variety 
 of enchanting prospects — here the water assumes a great diver- 
 sity of elegant shapes, from the numerous promontories and 
 jicudhmds projcctiji<j^ mio the Like, coverod wirh exterKi\c 
 
4S8 
 
 KEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 woods, deepening in shades as they extend towards the dista2it 
 mountains, whose thisky sumnn'ts throw a gloomy dignity on 
 the surrounding scenery. In many places the islands are so in- 
 termingled along the surface of the lake that it exhibits the ap- 
 pearance of detached pieces of water, irregularly laid out 
 r.mong various clusters of rising forests ; for every island is in- 
 variably adorned with more or less timber. So profuse a va- 
 riety of woods, islands, and water, render an aquatic excursion 
 on this lal e in the summer season, inexpressibly gratifying and 
 entertaining. Other islands on this lake, besides Devenish are 
 distinguished for the vestiges of monastic institutions, for which 
 they were formerly celebrated. That so many apparently insig- 
 nificant islands in the different lakes, scattered over the four 
 grand divisions of this kingdom, should be selected for the 
 erection of religious estabhshments by the monks, must be na- 
 turally supposed to result from mature reflection on the relative 
 security they afforded, from being less exposed to the predatory 
 excursions of plundering marauders in a country distracted by 
 the perpetual warfare of petty rival semi-barbarous chieftains ; 
 and that personal security was paramount to every sbordinate 
 consideration of local inconvenience. The same inducement 
 which attracted the Inity to enjoy the protection afforded by 
 walled cities, prompted the monks to retire to the islands, 
 otherwise such a seclusion, from society would be like lighting 
 a candle under a bushel, if such powerful reasons dictated by 
 necessity did not decide the preference. Misanthropic hermits, 
 and sour ascetics may retire to the deserts, and live on the 
 spontaneous productions of nature's munificence, but incorpo- 
 rated societies, composed of numerous individuals, such as con- 
 stituted monastic institutions in these ages wherein they flou- 
 rished, could never exist but where agriculture and civilization 
 assumed some social feature, however rude and mis-shapen. The 
 various religious establishments which formerly existed in the 
 different islands of this lake, will furnish presumptive evidences 
 to justify and corroborate the validity of the conjectural re- 
 flections hazarded in so intricate a subject, almost inextricably 
 involved in historical obscurity. About the middle of the sixth 
 century, St. Synell was abbot of a monastery erected in the 
 island of Clinish, situated in Lough Erne ; St. Finan lived with 
 this saint upwards of eighteen years ; here also a corbetship 
 was established, which appellation assimilates to modern collegi- 
 ate churches. This corbetship at the suppression of monastic 
 institutions, was vested in the crown. On Tniscawan, an island eft 
 Lough Erne, an abbey was founded at an early period, of which 
 
FOR IRELAND. 43g 
 
 abbey St. Mochairaoe was abbot about the middle of the 
 seventh century. No additional particulars are recorded respeci; 
 ing the subsequent desfny of this monastic establishment. St. 
 Constans, who died ,n 777, was abbot and anchorite of Errois. 
 an island in Lough Erne. The bones of this saint were trans 
 lated by the bishop of Clogher, in 1308, to the shrine of St. 
 
 S Finifn ^T^\ '"''^'"'[y 'l-scended, and educated 
 
 by St. Finian at Clonard, about the beginning of the fifth 
 
 ^r^'tV ''^t!?''^ ""^^'y Innismacsaint, an 
 island of Lough Erne: This saint's bell, adorned with gold 
 and silver, IS still preserved as a precious relic, and occasionally 
 exl lb. ed on solemi, occasions to the admiring multitude, as i 
 A! This ancient°abbey in process 
 
 of tune, was converted into a parochial church, which, on ac- 
 oZn A 'nconyenience was transferred in the reign of 
 
 Queen Anne to Druminagh, situated on the main land iS the 
 ' century, St. Berchan, the son o? 
 
 Declan was abbot of Innis-Rocha, an island in Lough Erne 
 The subsequent events of this monastic institution, arelnvolved 
 .1) .Bextncab!e oblivion and impenetrable obscurit;. 
 
HQ 
 
 i)E\V traveller's GUlBfi^ 
 
 ■A Tahle of Fain held in every month of the year in this 
 
 County, 
 
 F luces where keld, 
 
 Ederny Bridge . 
 Lisnarick . . 
 Maguires Bridge 
 Tempo . . . 
 
 Arny Bridge 
 Ballinamallard 
 Irvinestown . 
 
 Ederny Bridge 
 Irvinestown . 
 Callowhill . 
 Cash . . . 
 
 Ballynamallard 
 Bellcoo , . 
 Lisnarick . . 
 Jvisnaskea . . 
 Cash . . . 
 
 "Brooksboro . 
 Roslea . 4 . 
 Irvinestown , 
 Lisnarick . . 
 Lnniskillen . 
 Lisbeliaw . . 
 New town -butler 
 Gortneighraght 
 Churchhill 
 Ederny Bridge 
 Bellcek . . 
 Arny Bridge 
 Maguires Bridge 
 Garrison . . 
 T>erilin . , 
 
 Tivie, 
 
 Jan, 
 
 6 
 12 
 17 
 
 29 
 
 Feb. 
 
 5 
 12 
 
 24? 
 
 March. 
 1 
 
 28 
 
 5 
 5 
 5 
 12 
 28 
 
 May. 
 
 4' 
 
 8 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 10 
 11 
 12 
 13 
 ]4. 
 15 
 17 
 17 
 19 
 21 
 
 FLaces wherg held. 
 
 Tempo 
 
 iMaghrevooly 
 
 Lisnaskea 
 
 Cash . , 
 Stragowna 
 Bellcoo 
 Monea 
 Belleek . 
 LisbellaW . 
 Lisnarick . 
 Arny Bridge 
 
 Maguire's Bridge 
 Roslea . . . 
 Irvinestown , 
 Claboy . . 
 Dcrrygonnelly 
 Donaghy . . 
 Cortneighraght 
 Ederny Bridge 
 Garrison . . 
 Lisbeliaw . . 
 Brooksboro 
 
 Tempo . . 
 Callngbane 
 Callowhill . 
 Ballinamallard 
 Bellcoo . . 
 Newtownbutler 
 Enniskillen . 
 Arny Bridge 
 Lis;bellaw . 
 Straffowna 
 
 o 
 
 Irvinestown . 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 441 
 
 Fiaces wliere held. 
 
 Donaghy - - - 
 Monea - - - 
 Church-hill - - 
 
 Roslea - - 
 Gortneighraght 
 
 Cash . - - - 
 Maguire's Bridge 
 Magheravaly 
 
 Bellcoo - - - 
 
 Ederny-bridge - 
 
 Irvinestovvn - - 
 
 Belleek - - - 
 
 Lisnaskea - - 
 
 Lisbellaw «- - 
 
 Clubboy - - - 
 
 Lisnarick * - - 
 
 Arny bridge - - 
 
 Garrison - - - 
 
 Ballinamallard - 
 
 Derrilin - - - 
 
 Time. 
 
 Aug. 
 
 26 
 30 
 
 Sep. 
 8 
 12 
 
 Oct. 
 2 
 
 6 
 6 
 8 
 10 
 10 
 12 
 15 
 15 
 17 
 19 
 21 
 27 
 
 Places where held. Time. 
 
 Nov. 
 
 Enniskillen - - ^ 1 
 
 Stragowna - - - 1 
 
 Brooksborough - - 3 
 
 Tempo - - - - 6 
 
 Newtownbutler - 7 
 
 Roslea - - ^ 8 
 
 Lisbellaw - - - 10 
 
 Gortneighraght - - H 
 
 Monea - - - - 12 
 
 Maguire's Bridge - 17 
 
 Cash 20 
 
 Bellcoo - - - - 26 
 
 Ederny Bridge - - 28 
 
 Church-hill - - 30 
 
 Newtownbutler 
 Irvinestown - 
 Brooksborough 
 Callowhill - 
 Arny Bridge 
 Garrison - - 
 Stragown,a - 
 Lisbellaw - - 
 
 " 1 
 
 Dec. 
 
 5 
 
 8 
 11 
 11 
 14* 
 21 
 21 
 25 
 
KEW TRAVilLl/EU's GUIDE 
 
 COUNTY OF MONAGIUN, 
 
 The County of Monaghan — Is bounded on the south 
 and west by the counties of Cavan and Fermanagh, on the 
 north by Tyrone, on the east by Armagh, and on the south 
 east by the counties of Eastmeath and Louth. Its great- 
 est extent from north to south is about thirty Irish miles, 
 and from east to west, about nineteen Irish miies. Its 
 superfices comprises 179,600 acres, Irish plantation measure, 
 including bogs, mountain and waste; it is divided into five ba- 
 ronies, Dartree, Donaghmain, Cremourne, Monaghan, Trough, 
 which contain twenty -oneparishes. Although this county is much 
 encumbered with bogs and mountains, still great portions of 
 it are highly cultivated and improved, and its population is 
 very numerous, from the universal employment afforded in the 
 different branches of the linen manufacture, extensively flourish- 
 ing in every quarter of this district. The principal rivers which 
 either rise in, or flow through this county, are the Ballyhays 
 the Annalee, the Lagan, the Fane, the Myrvale, the Fin, and 
 the Blackwater ; which river,' for a considerable distance, consti- 
 tutes the boundary which separates this county from Tyrone. 
 There are no considerable fresh water lakes in this district, yet 
 there are numerous little pools speckled in all directions through 
 the county, which highly contribute to adorn the scenery and 
 diversify the prospect. 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Dartrce. 
 
 Aghabog, Eniatris, Killeven. 
 Clones, Galloon, 
 
 On the road passing from Cootehill to Clones, Monaghan 
 County commences on this side of the fifty-fifth mile stone. 
 
 Drum, — Is a smart little village, distant fifty-five miles and 
 three quarters from the Castle of Dublin : here are two small 
 lakes situated on the right and left of the village ; a cross road 
 on the right leads to Rockcorry ; on this side of the fifty-seventh 
 mile stone, there is a small lake on the right ; on this side of the 
 fifty-ninth mile stone, stands Drumsword's Church on the right, 
 and a cross road on the right leads to Nevvbliss ; the other on 
 the left sweeps towards Cavan ; at the fifty-ninllf mile stone, a 
 cross road on the right runs to Killeven ; at the sixtieth mile 
 stone, the road from Cavan unites on the left, and a small lake is 
 situated on the right ; on this side of the sixty-first mile stone, 
 the road crosses the river Fin ; at the sixty-first mile stone, the 
 road from Ballyhays unites on the left, and a cross road on the 
 right sweeps towards Newbliss. 
 
 Clones, — Is a neat smart little town, distant sixty-one miles 
 and an half from the Castle of Dublin. The ruins of two Da- 
 nish raths are still extant; here also stands a round tower. St. 
 Tegernach of the royal blood, founded an abbey here for ca- 
 nons regular, of the order of St. Augustin, dedicated to St. 
 Peter and St. Paul ; this Saint removed the episcopal seat from 
 Clogher to this town; at an advanced age he lost his sight, and 
 died of the plague in 548. In 836, this abbey was consumed 
 by fire. In 1207, Hugh de Lacie destroyed the town and ab- 
 bey, but in five years afterwards, both were re-built by the En- 
 glish, who likewise erected a strong castle here. In 1504, the 
 tibbot Gilla Patrick, son of Henry O'Connolly, was consecrat- 
 ed bishop of Clogher, at Rome, and died here of the plague, 
 after his return in the same year. The manor of this abbey, 
 still stiled the manor of St. Tiemy, was granted together 
 with the abbey, on its suppression, to Sir Henry Blunt, Knight.- 
 It is now the property of Lord Daire. In this town a corbet- 
 phip was established, which assimulatcs to a modern collegiate 
 church. In the course of the rebellion which raged in this king- 
 dom for a considerable portion of Queen P^lizabeth's reign, Mac 
 Mahon procured a grant of this corbetship from the Pope for his 
 eldest son, then a child. Two roads issue from this town, th^t 
 
444 
 
 NEW traveller's gu?de 
 
 on the left leads to Donough, and the other on the right runs 
 to Monaghan ; a little beyond the sixty-third mile stone, the 
 county terminates in this direction. On the road passing from 
 Ardee to Carrickmacross, Monaghan County commences at the 
 northern bank of the river Lagan ; at the forty-first mile stone, 
 stand the ruins of an old castle on the left ; at the forty-second 
 mile stone, a small lake is situated on the right, and a little far- 
 ther on, the road from Slane unites on the left. 
 
 To Clones by Drum, 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Drum - s - — I 55I 
 Clones - - - 51 1 6li 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Donaglimain. 
 
 Donaghmoyne, KiHaney^ Magheraclony, 
 
 Magheross. 
 
 Carrichmacrossy — Is a considerable village, distant forty-two 
 miles and a half from the Castle of Dublin ; an endowed school 
 is established here, but its revenues are only sufficient to afford a 
 competency to themaster; here the roads from Dundalk and Innsir 
 Iteene unite on the right; the road from King's Court unites on the 
 left, and the road, leading towards Shercock, branches off to 
 ihe left ; the road issuing from this town, forks into two bran- 
 . ches, that on the right stretching towards Castle Blaney, and 
 the other on the left leading to Ballybay ; a little beyond the 
 forty-five mile stone, a small lake lies to the right ; at the 
 forty-eight mile-stone, the road passes between two considerable 
 mountains ; at the forty-ninth mile*stone, it crosses a conside- 
 rable stream ; at the fifty-first mile stone, there is a small 
 lake situated on the left, and two lakes lie on the right ; at the 
 fifty-third mile stone, the road from Cootehill unites on the 
 left. 
 
 Balhjhaij^ — Ts a smart little village, distant fifty-three miles 
 and one quarter from the Castle of Dublin ; a cross road on the 
 right sweeps towards Castle Blaney; at the fifty-sixth mile 
 stone, are situated two sifiall lakes on the right, connected by 
 a winding streamlet, which gives them the appearance of a pair 
 of spectacles ; a little beyond the fifty-seventh mile stone, the 
 yoad forks into two branches, that on the right leads to Shar-e 
 
von IRELAND, 
 
 Castle, and the other on the left runs to Monaglian ; at the 
 fifty-eight mile stone, stands Tullycorbet Church on the right ; 
 a httie beyond the sixty-first mile stone, the road from Castle 
 Shane unites on the right ; at this end of the town of Monao-han, 
 the road from Coote-hill unites on the left. 
 
 To Emyoale b?/ Lagan Bridge, 
 
 Lagan Bridge 
 
 Carrickm across 
 
 Ballybay 
 
 Tullycarbet 
 
 Monaghan 
 
 Emyvale 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 42| 
 
 l6l 
 
 53i 
 
 3 
 
 56t 
 
 4i 
 
 60i 
 
 6i 
 
 66* 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Monaghan. 
 
 Kilmore, Monaghan, Tidavnet, 
 
 Tihallen, TuUycorbet, Drumsnat. 
 
 Monaghan.-^jyki^ni sixty-two miles and a half from the Cas^ 
 tie of Dublin, is the shire a^d assizes town of this county; 
 Its public buildings are these generally constructed in all pla- 
 ces where public justice is periodically administered. It gives 
 the title of Baron to the family of Blaney : here an abbey was 
 founded at an early period, of which Moeldolius, the son of 
 Aedh, was constituted abbot. It was 'pillaged and plundered in 
 the years 830, and 931. The abbot Elias, 'deemed the prin- 
 cipal of all the monks in Ireland, died at Cologne in 1042. 
 Fhehm MacMahon founded a monastery for conventual 
 J^ranciscans, on the scite of the old abbey in 1462. This mo- 
 nastery, on its suppression, was granted to Edward Withe. A 
 fine castle has been erected by Edward Lord Blaney, on the 
 ground origmally occupied by the monastery. This town was 
 a borough previous to the Union, returning two members to 
 the Irish Parliament. On the road leading from Cootehill to 
 Monaghan, is situated Rockcorry, distant fifty-five miles from 
 the Castle of Dublm ; on the road running between Monaghan 
 and Donough, stands Smithsborough, distant sixty-seven miles 
 and a half h'om the Castle of Dublin ; two roads issue from this 
 town ; one on the right branches towards jVIi^ldleton, and the. 
 other on the left lead^ to Aughnacloy. 
 
44G 
 
 NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 To Monaghan by B.ockcorry, 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Rockcorry " , . , — I 55 
 
 Monaghan , , . 7| | 62 J 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Trough. 
 Doilagh, Errigal. 
 
 Emyvale, — Is a small neat village, distant sixty-six miles and 
 three quarters from the Castle of Dublin ; at the sixty-ninth 
 mile stone, the road forks into two branches, that on the right 
 leads the Aughnacloy, and the other on the left runs towards 
 Augher ; at the seventieth mile stone, the Blackwater bounds 
 the county in this direction. On the road leading from Ardee 
 fo Castleblancy, Monaghan County commences on this side of 
 the forty-third mile stone : here stand two small lakes situated 
 on the right; a little beyond the forty-fourth mile stone, a cross 
 road on the right leads to Dundalk, and another on the left 
 stretches towards Dunnymayne Church; on this side of the forty- 
 sixth mile stone, the road from Carrickmacross unites on the left, 
 and a cross road on the right sweeps towards Cialloville, at the 
 forty-s?venth mile stone, the road from Carrickmacross unites 
 on the left. 
 
 To Smithshorough hy Monaghan, 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Monaghan . , , — | 62^ 
 
 JSmithsborough . . 5 j 67i 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Cremoiirne, 
 Agnamullen, Muckno, Clontibret. 
 
 At the forty-eight mile stone, is situated the dimesne of Bra- 
 co on the right; at the forty-ninth mile stone, the road from 
 Dundalk unites on the right: here the road crosses a branch 
 of the river Fane. 
 
 Castle Blaney — Is a considerable village, distant fifty-one 
 miles and a half from the Castle of Dublin : here is a plain 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 44 a 
 
 cliurch adorned with a steeple ; contiguous to the church, is si- 
 tuated the delightful residence of Lord Blaney, commanding 
 a fine vievv of a lake, thickly interspersed with islands, and richly 
 planted with such forest trees and ever-greens as seem best cal- 
 culated to gratify the fancy and diversify the prospect. Three 
 roads issue from this town ; the one on the right winds towards 
 Armagh, the centre road leads to Castle Shane, and the third 
 on the left sweeps to Ballybay, and a cross road on the right 
 leads to Newton Hamilton ; a little beyond the town, stands a 
 small lake on the right; at the fifty-fourth mile stone, a small lake 
 is situated on the left; at the fifty-fifth mile stone, a small lake 
 lies on the left, situated on the verge of a large bog through 
 which the road runs ; at the fifty-sixth mile stone, a small lake 
 stands on the right contiguous to a considerable bog a little 
 beyond the fifty-seventh mile stone, stands Clontibret Church 
 on the right, the Glebe House is situated on the left, a cross 
 road on the left leads to Ballybay, and another on the right 
 runs towards Keady. ^ 
 
 Castle Shane — Is a neat little village, distant fifty-nine miles 
 and a quarter from the Castle of Dublin ; on the left of the 
 town, stand the ruins of Rack Wallace Church; a cross road on 
 the right leads to Ballybay, and another on the left runs to 
 Middleton; the road issuing from this town forks into two 
 branches ; that on the left leading to Monaghan, and the other 
 on the right to Emyvale ; at the sixty-first m.ile stone, a cross 
 road on the right sweeps towards Middleton; at the sixty-se- 
 cond mile stone, a cross road on the left leads to Monaghan ; 
 at the sixty-third mile stone, the road crosses a branch of the 
 Black Water, where a road on the right winds to Glasslough ; 
 on this side of the sixty-sixth mile stone, the road from Mona- 
 ghan unites on the left. 
 
 Emyvale~Ks already described, is distant sixty-six miles and 
 three quarters from the Castle of Dublin ; at the sixty-ninth 
 mde stone, the road forks into two branches, that on the right 
 leads to Aughnacloy, where the county terminates in that sec- 
 tion at the seventieth mile stone, and the other on the left 
 runs towards Augher ; on this side of the seventy mile stone, 
 stands Eregil Church on the left ; at the seventy-second mile 
 stone, the county terminates in this direction: through the 
 whole extent of this county, the lakes appear very numerous, 
 though very small in circumference, and seem to be depositories 
 formed by the superfluous water oozing from marshy, mountai- 
 nous, and boggy elevated surfaces. 
 
■418 
 
 KEW traveller's (iUlDE 
 
 To Eregil Church hy Castle Blaneij, 
 
 (Miie* ) 
 
 Castle Blaney . . . — 51i 
 
 Clontibret Church . . 5f 57 i 
 
 Castle Shane . , . 2^ 59| 
 
 Kmyvale . , • 66f 
 
 Eregil Church . • . 2|| (i9i 
 
FOR IRELAND, 
 
 U9 
 
 A Table of Fairs held in this Counfj^ in every month of the 
 
 ' year. 
 
 Places ivhere held. 
 
 Ted Lin et 
 Rockcorry 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Time 
 
 
 Jan, 
 
 T> IT u 
 
 l5al]ybay . • « « 
 
 i 
 
 .JJ^LII \ VLiiCJ • « • • 
 
 1 
 
 iJdlllllUUc • • • ■ 
 
 
 Drum 
 
 5 
 
 Castleblaney . . . 
 
 6 
 
 vJJ3.ddlOui^li • • • 
 
 I o 
 
 JLMOiH \ VJCiy m » m • 
 
 •* \J 
 
 
 1 O 
 
 >0 1111 L lis V * • • 
 
 0.1 
 
 AtuLKL/Orry • • • 
 
 ^ i 
 
 ^^XV/lJrV-O • • • • • 
 
 
 J. ^ ^ *T l^rXXO^ • • • • 
 
 
 
 J: CO. 
 
 TAllyyulG • • • ■ 
 
 I 
 
 Drum 
 
 2 
 
 Castleblaney . . . 
 
 3 
 
 i-vo 111 Kl^l/i A 
 
 X><iiiJIKRlC • • • • 
 
 c 
 
 p 
 
 1 tI Q c c 1 /^n /Trri 
 
 VJldablOUgll • • • 
 
 
 T%'i 1 1 Arr»oTr 
 
 AJilliy Utiy • • • • 
 
 
 Rockcorry • • • 
 
 24 
 
 OlllllUbUUIU • • . 
 
 4^ 
 
 ^^X\/4IWO • • • • f 
 
 
 Newbli^s • . • • 
 
 27 
 
 
 lYLuiCfl 
 
 X cUUUIlcL • • « • 
 
 1 
 
 Drum 
 
 2 
 
 Castleblaney . . . 
 
 3 
 
 Bailinode .... 
 
 6 
 
 Emyvalc .... 
 
 17 
 
 Glasslough . . . 
 
 19 
 
 Ballybay • . . . 
 
 20 
 
 Clones .... 
 
 25 
 
 Newbliss . . • , 
 
 27 
 
 JSm}thsboro . • . 
 
 29 
 
 Bailinode . 
 Drum . . 
 Castleblaney 
 Emyvale . 
 Ballybay . 
 Glasslough 
 Ballybay . 
 Monaghan 
 Newbliss . 
 Sraitlisboro 
 Rockcorry 
 Clones . . 
 
 Ballytraiu . 
 Bailinode 
 Drum . . 
 Castleblaney 
 Emyvale . 
 Ballybay . 
 Scotstown 
 Castlesliane 
 Glasslough 
 Rockcorrj^ . 
 Smithsboro 
 Carrickmacross 
 Clones . , 
 Monaghan 
 Newbliss . 
 
 Knockboy 
 3 M 
 
 June, 
 1 
 
430 
 
 NEW TRAVJELLER's GUIDE 
 
 riaces where held. 
 
 Time. 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Time. 
 
 Aug. 
 
 Drum . • . • • 
 
 I 
 
 frlassloiio*]! 
 
 i2(J 
 
 
 2 
 
 Rallvbav 
 
 O 1 
 
 Ballinode .... 
 
 5 
 
 rtOGkcorry . . . 
 
 25 
 
 Siuithsboro « 
 
 7 
 
 »Smithsboro . • 
 
 
 Ballytrain . . • 
 
 11 
 
 Clones 
 
 
 Emyvalc • . • , 
 
 13 
 
 Newbliss .... 
 
 
 OwL'lo tvl W 11 • • • . 
 
 C-rln<;su"iiio'n 
 
 1 7 
 
 -1. 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 I3allybay . • • • 
 
 19 
 
 Castleblaney . . 
 
 J. 
 
 Castlesliane . 
 
 21 
 
 Emyvale . • . . 
 
 4. 
 
 Tedunet .... 
 
 
 XJCLLllll\J\XK^ .... 
 
 
 Clones ..... 
 
 24? 
 
 Drum ..... 
 
 7 
 
 Newbliss .... 
 
 2G 
 
 Glasslouffh . . . 
 
 o ... 
 
 17 
 
 Smith sboro 
 
 30 
 
 Ballvbav .... 
 
 xjaii^ yjdj .... 
 
 18 
 
 J. C7 
 
 Tlockcojrry ... 
 
 30 
 
 Newbliss .... 
 
 
 
 \jH TV"! f'ti m n PiTj^it: 
 '^rVdiinpt . 
 
 97 
 ^ / 
 
 jEmyvale .... 
 
 
 1 
 
 Rockcorry ... 
 
 29 
 
 Rollitinrif 
 
 O.JClXllllV'UV' .... 
 
 
 T^n 1 1 vf Tain 
 
 XJilLiy f^l ClUL . ' • . . 
 
 
 X)rum ..... 
 
 
 Smithsboro ... 
 
 29 
 
 Castlet)ianey . . . 
 
 7 
 
 d on PQ 
 
 
 Ballvbav .... 
 
 7 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 IVT n n a crVi n 
 
 12 
 
 Ballvbav ... 
 
 X'c^ii y tL/cf^y .... 
 
 9 
 
 Glasslougb. ... 
 
 SJaily • . » • 
 
 16 
 
 Ballinode .... 
 
 2 
 
 17 
 
 r!nri vvji lp 
 
 x^iij y V di^ .... 
 
 4. 
 
 Oastleshane ... 
 
 21 
 
 Drum ..... 
 
 5 
 
 Sjnith sboro • . 
 
 28 
 
 Monaghan 
 
 5 
 
 Rockcorry . . . 
 
 28 
 
 Castleblaney ... 
 
 5 
 
 ^^1 on PS 
 
 L\J LX^O ..... 
 
 29 
 
 Iilassloiio'li 
 
 15 
 
 X*v^VVUlli30 . . • • 
 
 31 
 
 Ballvhnv 
 
 xjciix J kjciy .... 
 
 16 
 
 
 
 XLUCivv^vJX 1 y ... 
 
 1 7 
 
 
 
 
 Am, 
 
 Rockcorry ... 
 
 27 
 
 XJclli V li tjlil ... 
 
 J. 
 
 f n cr»r»irr» 
 OlllltllsUUI CI ... 
 
 97 
 
 T^^tTiwnlp 
 
 jLJlii y V tXlC- . 0 . . 
 
 
 l!lnTlPt! 
 
 V-'iL/nca . • • . . 
 
 28 
 
 Drum 
 
 3 
 
 Npwbiiss ... 
 
 30 
 
 Castleblaney ... 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Ballinode .... 
 
 7 
 
 
 Nov, 
 
 Castlesliane . . . 
 
 12 
 
 Ballytrain . . . 
 
 1 
 
 Castleblaney . i • 
 
 16 
 
 
 2 
 
 Scotstown . . . 
 
 16 
 
 Castleblaney . . . 
 
 3 
 
 Jlonagban ? 
 
 18 
 
 Ballinode . . , . 
 
 6 
 
I 
 
 FOR IRELAND. 45 1 
 
 places where held. 
 
 Time. 
 
 
 Time; 
 
 
 Nox\ 
 
 
 Dec. 
 
 Castleblaney - - 
 
 8 
 
 Knockboy - - - 
 
 2 
 
 Emyvale - - « - 
 
 8 
 
 Ballinode - - - 
 
 4 
 
 Carrickmacross - - 
 
 9 
 
 Drum - - - - 
 
 7 
 
 Scotstown - - - 
 
 71 
 
 Carrickmacross - - 
 
 10 
 
 Glasslouffh - - - 
 Ballybay - - - - 
 
 19 
 
 Emyvale - - - - 
 
 13 
 
 20 
 
 Castleshane - - - 
 
 15 
 
 n r 1 
 
 Monaghan - - - 
 
 21 
 
 Glasslough - - - 
 
 17 
 
 Rockcorry - - - 
 
 24 
 
 Ballybay - - - - 
 
 18 
 
 Smithsboro - - - 
 
 24 
 
 Ballitrain - - _ 
 
 23 
 
 Clones - - - - 
 
 
 Newbliss - - - ~ 
 
 25 
 
 Newbliss - - - - 
 
 25 
 
 Rockorry - - - 
 
 29 
 
 
 
 Smithsboro - - 
 
 29 
 
 
 Dec. 
 
 Clones - - « - 
 
 
 Castleblaftev - - 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 I 
 
4'52 l^^W traveller's GUIDS 
 
 COUNTY OF TYRONE. 
 
 The County of Tyrone, — Is bounded on the west by Done- 
 gal, on the north by Londonderry, on the east by Lough Neagh 
 and Armagh, and on the south by Monaghan and Fermanagh ; 
 its greatest extent from east to west, is forty-three Irish miles, 
 and from north to south thirty-three Irish miles ; its surface 
 comprises 467,700 acres, Irish plantation measure, including 
 bogs, mountains, and waste ; it is distributed into four baronies, 
 Clogher, Strabane,Omagh and Dnngannon,which contain thirty- 
 five parishes. Although a great portion of this county is rough 
 and mountainous, still in many part.^ the soil is rich and fertile, 
 and equally calculated for tillage or for pasture. Tlie lakes 
 within the limits of the county are inconsiderable, of which 
 those about Baron's Court appear the most interesting and ex- 
 tensive. The rivers v/hich water this district are large and con- 
 veniently distributed : the Black-water winds its course along the 
 verge of this county, forming its boundary with a part of Mo- 
 naghan, and the entire of Armagh. The principal river runs 
 neaj'ly through the centre of the county, and is known by the 
 appellations of the Cammon, the Mourne, and the Foyle. In 
 its progress, it receives the waters of the Carnown river, and 
 another considerable mountain stream ; as also of the Mounter- 
 louney and Drimna rivers on the north ; and on the south, it is 
 supplied by the Fentona, by the Owenreagh, by the Longfield, 
 by the Derg, and Fin rivers; besides numerous streamlets, which 
 diipple from the mountains. The other rivers are the Farraiij 
 
ton IREtAUD. 
 
 i53 
 
 and the Cookestown^ which run towards Lough Neagh. Lime* 
 stone quarries, the best resources for renovating the soil, abound 
 in many places. 
 
 Coal Isla?id^ — In the barony of Dungannon, is the only piirf 6f 
 the county where coal mines are wrought. From the sulphure- 
 ous and ferrugenous appearance of the water in many places, 
 abundance of iron ore may be naturally inferred, but the want 
 of fuel renders such treasures an unprofitable acquisition. The 
 linen manufacture is in a most flourishing condition through the 
 whole extent of this district. This county formerly gave the 
 title of Earl to the family of O'Neale; but after the attainder 
 of that obstinate and refractory house, then irreconcilably hos- 
 tile to the English Government, the title was conferred on the 
 family of Power ; whose heiress having been married into the 
 family of Beresford, the title is now enjoyed by the most nobjtc 
 the Marquis of Waterford. About the beginning of the fiftli 
 century, a colony from Hy Falgia in Leinster, afterwards known 
 by the name of the kingdom of OfFaly, emigrated to Tyrconnel, 
 where they flourished for many centuries, a circumstance 
 which gave rise to the distinction of the south and north Hy 
 Faillia, so often mentioned by the Irish historians of the middle 
 ages. 
 
 To Clogher hy AugJicr. 
 
 Miles. 
 — I 751 
 . Ik I 761 
 
 Parishes in Barony of Clogher, 
 Errigalkeeroge, Donaghheavy, Cloglier Frough. 
 
 On the road passing from Eniyvale to Augher, the county of 
 Tyroije colnmences at the seventy-two mile stone. At t)ie seven^ 
 three mile stone, the road from Clones unites on the left. 
 
 Aygher — Is a decayed village, distant seventy-five miles and a 
 quarter from Dublin Castle ; it was a borough previous to the 
 Union. Here the road ibrks into two branches, that on the 
 left leading to Clogher, an ancient episcopal see, sur.posed to 
 have been founded by St. Kerteen in the year 490 ; notwith- 
 standing its antiquity, it is now only a straggling village, disVo:i* 
 
 Augher 
 Clogher 
 
451^ 
 
 NKW TllAVELLER S GUlDfi 
 
 seventy-six miles and three quarters from Dublin Castle. About 
 the eleventh century the Bishopric of Louth was annexed to 
 Clogher. In the year 1295, the cathedral was rebuilt. In the 
 year 1396, the cathedral, the abbey, and the episcopal palace 
 were consumed by fire. In the year 1610, the revenues of the 
 abbey were annexed to the Bishopric. This city was the royal 
 residence of tlie ancient Kings of Ergal. In pagan times, it was 
 a Druidical sanctuary, whore many arts of divination were prac- 
 tised. The episcopal palace is a spacious edifice, delightfully 
 situated in an extensive and well planted demesne. Here the 
 roads from Clones and Enniskillen unite on the left ; it was a 
 borough previous to the Union. At the seventy-seven mile 
 stone, the two branches re-unite, and a cross road on the left 
 leads to 
 
 Fentona Village, — Distant ninety-three miles and three quar- 
 ters from Dublin Castle. At the eighty mile stone, a cross 
 road runs to the right. At the eighty-one mile stone, the road 
 crosses the Garvaghy river. At the eighty- two mile stone, a 
 cross road runs right and left. At the eighty-three mile stone, 
 the Balligawly road joins on the right. At the eighty-four mile 
 stone, the road from Dungannon unites on the right. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Omagh. 
 
 Dromorc, Termonmaguirk, Longlield, 
 
 Kilskeery, Drumragh, Termonamongan . 
 
 Choghcrny, 
 
 OmagJi — Is the shire and assizes town of this county, distant 
 eighty-six miles and three quarters from Dublin Castle. In the 
 year 1743, it was consumed by fire, but since rebuilt. In the 
 year 792, an abbey was founded here, and in the 15th century 
 a franciscan monastry was erected here. At the lower extremity 
 of the town, are the ruins of an old castle. On this side of the 
 town, the roads from Fentona, Augher, Aughnacloy, and 
 Cooke^town conterminate ; two roads issue on the left, one lead- 
 ing to the village of Dromore, and thence to Trillick, the other 
 to Drumquin ; two roads, one on each bank of the river Foyle, 
 run from Omagh to Newtown Stewart, 
 
FOR IRELAND* 
 
 45:5 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Strabaim 
 
 Ardstraw, 
 Upper Badony, 
 Lower Badony, 
 
 Camus, 
 
 Cappagh, 
 
 Donagheady, 
 
 Leckpatrick, 
 Urney. 
 
 At the eighty-nine mile stone, the road crosses the river Poe., 
 a cross road on the right leads to Gortin village, and Keady 
 church is situated on the right. 
 
 Newtown Stewart — Is a Uieat small town, distant ninety-four miles 
 and a half from Dublin Castle, and pleasantly situated on the river 
 Foyle. Here two roads unite on the right, and two roads issue 
 to the left leading to the different little villages, scattered in the ^ 
 remote parts of this mountainous district. The church and the 
 ruins of an old castle are situated on the left, and a little farther 
 on stands Baron Court, the magnificent mansion of the most 
 noble the Martjuis of Abercorn, A road on each bank of the 
 river Foyle leads from this town to Strabane. 
 
 Douglas Bridge — Is a small village, distant ninety-seven miles 
 and a quarter from Dublin Castle. A little beyond the ninety- 
 eight mile stone, stand the ruins of Camus church on the 
 left. 
 
 Strabane — Distant one hundred and one miles and a half from 
 Dublin Castle, is a large populous town, delightfully situated on 
 the river Foyle, and commanding a fine prospect of LifFord 
 bridge erected across the river Foyle ; it gives title of Viscount 
 to the family of Hamilton, and was a borough previous to the 
 Union. A cross road on the left leads to Claudy, and another 
 on the right sweeps along the eastern bank of the Foyle to 
 Derry. A little beyond the one hiuidred and three mile stone, 
 a cross road runs to the left. At the one hundred and four 
 mile stone, stands Ballymegarry village, and a little farther on, 
 Reekpatrick church on the left. On this side of the one hun- 
 dred and six mile stone, the road crosses the Burden^t river. 
 At the one hunddred and eight mile stone, is Dunelong Ferry 
 on the left. At the one hundred and niuje mile stone, the county 
 tenriinatcB in this direction. On the road passing from Emy- 
 vale to Aughnacloy, Tyrone county commences at the seventy 
 mile stone, A little farther on, a cross road on the right leads 
 to Armagh. 
 
 Aughnacloy,— a pleasant village, distant seventy-one miles 
 from Dublin Castle, agreeably situated near the black water; 
 the road from Dungannon joins on the right, and a cross road 
 
456 
 
 KEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 on the left leads to Augher. Between Aughnacloy and Aiiglier, 
 stands the formerly important fort of Lismore, now in ruins. 
 At the seventy-three mile stone, a cross road runs right and 
 left. 
 
 Ballijga^M})^ — Is a small neat village, distant seventy-fotir miles 
 and a (|narter from Dublin Castle; here are two cress roads on 
 the right, one leads to Castle Caufield, and the other to Six- 
 mile-cross, the direct road on the left leads to Omagh ; at the 
 !:eventy-fifth mile stone a cross road rjins to the left ; on this 
 side of the seventy-sixth mile stone, the road from Pomeroy 
 village unites on the right; at the eightieth mile stone a cross 
 road sweeps to the left, and another on the jight, leads to 
 Lo^ . ■ y's-town village ; at the eighty-third mile stone, the road 
 iiom Augher unites on the left, and proceeds to Omagh as 
 ^ilrea'iy noticed. , 
 
 Tq Ballymegarry hy Aughnacloy, 
 
 Aughnacloy 
 Ballygawly 
 
 Omagh _ - - 
 Newtown Mount Stewart 
 Douglass Bridge 
 Strabane - - ■» 
 Ballymegarry 
 
 (Miles) 
 
 71 
 
 - 31 
 
 12i 
 
 - 21 
 
 2i 
 
 86l 
 
 71 \ 94i 
 
 97^ 
 
 I0[i 
 
 104} 
 
 Parishes hi the Barony of J)ungannon. 
 
 Aghalow, 
 
 Arboe, 
 
 Artrea, 
 
 Ballyclog, 
 
 Clonfecle, 
 
 Clonoe, 
 
 Derrylan, 
 
 Desertcreagh, 
 
 Donaghmore, 
 
 Donaghhenry, 
 
 Drumglass, 
 
 Kildress, 
 
 Killesshell, 
 Killyman, 
 Pomeroy, 
 TuUaghnisken, 
 
 To Cookestown by Dwigatmon, 
 
 (Miies) 
 
 Dungannon - - - 72| 
 
 Dunaghy - - - - « - 5| 78 
 Cookestown 3|81| 
 
FOR IHELAND. 
 
 457 
 
 Caledon, — Is a large village, situated at a small distance from 
 the Black Water, and distant seventy-miles and a quarter from 
 Dublin Castle ; it gives the title of Baron to the family of 
 Alexander. Caledon Hill, the delightful residence of Lord Cale- 
 don is situated about a milesouth of the village. In this vicinity is 
 Aghinnas, the elegant mansion and extensive demesne of Lord 
 Belmore: two roads issue from this town, that on the left leads 
 to Aughnacloy, and the other on the right runs to Dungannon. 
 Oj\ the road leading from Charlemount to Dungannon, Tyrone 
 County commences on the western bank oF the Black Water river ; 
 here the road forks into two branches, that on the right leads to 
 Coal Island, and the other on the left to Dungannon ; at the 
 sixty-ninth mile stone a cross road winds to the left ; on this side 
 of the seventy-second mile stone a cross road leads to ihe left. 
 
 To Aughnacloy hy Caledon, , 
 
 (Miles ) 
 
 Caledon - - ^ - - — I 70 4^ 
 Aughnacloy - - - - 5k \ 76 
 
 Dungannon^ — Distant seventy-two miles and a quarter 
 from Dublin Castle, is a large, populous and handson. e town ; 
 here is a barrack for a troop of horse and a royal school libe- 
 rally endowed ; it w:as the ch^ef residence of the O'Neales, 
 Kings of Ulster; the strong castle erected here, frequently 
 experienced the vicissitudes and disasters of turbulent contenduig 
 chieftains, having alternately fallen into the possession of ad- 
 verse and hostile factions. In the rebellion of 1641, this castle 
 was the first siezed on by the insurgents, but it was afterwards 
 demolished by the parliamentary forces. A monastery of Fran- 
 ciscan friars was founded here by Con. O'Ned. The Ulster 
 delegates of Irish volunteers assembled here on the 15th of 
 February 1782, to deliberate on the most effectual means of 
 procuring a more equal representation of the people. The 
 Union has accomplished that parliamentary reformation, so 
 clamoropsly sought for by visionary theorists and constitution 
 framcrs. It returns one member to the Imperial Parliament. 
 Near this town stands Farmhill, the magnificent residence of 
 Lord Northland. The roads from Caledon and Ballygawly 
 unite on the left, and a crpss road sweeps off on the right ; two 
 roads issue from this town, that on the right leads to Coolce*^ • 
 town, and the ot^er other on the left to Pomerby. 
 
 ':^ N 
 
^'EW TKAYELLER's. GUIDE 
 
 To Six'tnile Cfoss lift JOungmnpn, 
 
 Dmigannon - - * - 
 jPomeroy - • - - - 
 Nine-mile House • - - 
 Six* mile Cross • - - - 
 
 Donaghmore,-^Is a small village, distanf seventy-fivC mih^ 
 and a quarter from Dublin Castle ; a cross road r^^inds to the 
 right, and another to the left ; the direct road leads to Pomeroy 
 village, distant eighty miles and three quarters from I)abliti 
 Castle ; a cross road on the right leadg to Cookestowji, and art- 
 other on the left to Nine Mile-house. 
 
 
 
 
 8i 
 
 801 
 
 31 
 
 84i 
 
 3i 
 
 87i 
 
 To Coagh li^ KiUifman. 
 
 (Mil^.) 
 
 Killyman I "71^ 
 
 Coal Island - - - - 3i | 74t 
 Stewart's town - - - - 2| 77 
 Coagh - - T ? - ^ 
 
 (jrorten, — Is a small village, distant ninety-nine miles and 
 quarter from Dublin Castle ; a cross road sweeps to the left, tilq 
 direct road leads to Newtown Stewart. The road passing from 
 bungannon to Cookestown, a little beyond the seventy-five 
 mile stone, crosses the Tarran river, and a cross road rtms right 
 and left. At the seventy-eight mile stone, a cross road runs 
 right and left, and Dunaghy village is situated on tjie left. 
 
 Tullj/hog,— Is a small village, distant seventy-nine miles from 
 IHiblin Castle ; a cross road runs right and left. 
 
 Cookestown, — Is a neat village, <3istant eighty-one miles and 
 three quarters from Dublin Castle, pleasantly situated on a river 
 of the same name ; a "cross road runs right and left ; two roads is- 
 sue from this town, that on the left leads to Derry, and the other 
 on the right to Moneymore. Near tjiis village is situated 
 Killyman, a most enchanting country residence ; at the eighty- 
 third mile stone ^he county terminates in this direction. 
 
 Coal Island^-^DistSLnt seventy-four miles and a half from 
 from Dublin Castle, is situated on a canal that leads from 
 JLoD^h Neagh towards Dungannfon ; a cross road winds to the 
 
370n IRELAND. 
 
 359 
 
 left ; at the seventy-sixth mile stone a cross road leai^ to the 
 right. 
 
 Stewartslown, — Is a nedt little village, distant seventy-seven 
 miles from Dublin Castle; here the road from Portadown unites 
 imthe right ; here the road forks into two branches, that on the 
 left leads to Grange village. At the seventy-eight mile stone, 
 on the right hand section, is Stewart Hall, the magnificent re- 
 sidence of Lord Castle Stewart. At the eighty mile stone, the 
 road forks into two branches, that on the left leads to Monej'- 
 more, and the other on the right to the village of Coagii, dis-^ 
 tant eighty-two miles from Dublin Castle. Here the Cookestown 
 riter bouncfe the county in this direction*. 
 
160 
 
 NEW TRAVELLERS GUIDK 
 
 yl Table oj Fairs held each month of the year, in this . 
 
 County, 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 CastieJerg, \st Tuesday 
 D )naglimore do, 
 Gorteri do. 
 Moy . . 1st Friday 
 Cookestown 
 Frederickstown 
 Mount Flamilton 
 Aiighnacloy 
 Omagh . . 
 Carntcel . . 
 Kellen . . . 
 Fi«e-mile-town 
 Dunaghy • . 
 Benbiirbe . . 
 Coagh . 2d Friday 
 Caletlon 2d Monday 
 
 Strabane 
 Cladybridge 
 D^naghmore 
 Gort^ . . 
 Dunagliy 
 Dromore 
 Dungannon 
 
 1st Tues. 
 do. 
 do. 
 
 Time. 
 
 Jan, 
 
 2 
 4 
 4 
 6 
 12 
 12 
 18 
 18 
 18 
 27 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Caledon, Monday before 
 shrove Tuesday 
 
 Feb. 
 1 
 
 Ardstraw Bridge 
 Baliiiahetty 
 Cookestown, Saturday 
 
 before Candlemas 
 Castlecaiifield 
 Derg Bridge 
 Benburbe . 
 Omagh 
 Dunymana . 
 Moy . .15^ Friday 
 Coagh . . 'id do. 
 Carnteel, 1st Monday 
 after 12 
 
 & 13 
 
 2 
 
 4 
 10 
 12 
 
 15 
 16 
 24 
 25 
 27 
 
 Bearagh .... 
 Donaghmore, \st Tues 
 Gorten . , . do. 
 Mcy . .15^ Friday 
 Castlecaufield . 
 Frederickstown 
 Mount Hamilton . 
 Coagh . 2c? Friday 
 Carnteel . . . 
 Moy .... 
 Five mile town 
 Cookesfield town . 
 Augher .... 
 Grange .... 
 Newtown Stewart 
 Benburbe . . . 
 
 Omagh .... 
 Donaghmore, l5^ Tens 
 
 Gorten . . 
 Moy . . 
 
 Dunaghy 
 
 Caledon 
 
 Dungannon 
 
 Benburbe 
 
 Coagh 
 
 . do. 
 
 1st Friday 
 
 2d Frida 
 
 Newtown Savillee 
 Slewarts Town 
 Dromore . . . 
 Donaghmore, \st Tues. 
 Gorten . . . do. 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 461 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Moy . .15/ Friday 
 Ardstraw Bridge 
 Ballimagory 
 Fentona . . 
 Clogher . . . 
 Maghrairigan 
 Cookestown, I5/ Satur- 
 day before May O. S. 
 Augiier . . . 
 Strabane . . 
 Aughnacloy 
 Trilie . • . 
 Clady Bridge . 
 Dungannon 
 Omagh . . 
 Carnteel . . 
 Derg Bridge . 
 Benburbe . . 
 Donymana . . 
 Bearagh . . 
 Caledon, 2d Mon. O. S. 
 
 Pomeroy .... 
 Donaghmore, \st Tues 
 Gorten . » . do, 
 Moy . . 15/ Friday 
 Newtown Stewart 
 Maghrairigan 
 Frederickstown 
 Five-mile-town 
 Ballimagory . . 
 Mount Hamilton 
 Balligawly . . . 
 Coagn . 2d Friday 
 Castlecaufield do 
 Drumquin . . . 
 Ardstraw Bridge . 
 Cookestown, \st Tues- 
 day O. S. 
 Orator, M(mday after 
 
 Mid Summer 
 Six mik'Cro?s ... 
 
 Time. 
 
 May, 
 
 2 
 3 
 4 
 6 
 6 
 
 12 
 12 
 14 
 14 
 16 
 17 
 20 
 26 
 26 
 26 
 27 
 22 
 
 June 
 1 
 
 9 
 14 
 
 Flaces where held. 
 
 Caledon 
 
 Fentona 
 
 Nash 
 
 Dromore 
 
 Omagh 
 
 Benburbe 
 
 Castlederg . . . 
 Dungannon . . . 
 Donaghmore, I5/ Ttics. 
 Gorten . . do, 
 Moy . . 1st Friday 
 Omagh . . . 
 Aughnacloy . . 
 Balimagorey . . 
 Coagh . 9d Saturday 
 Keleter .... 
 Clogher . . . 
 Benourbe . . . 
 Caledon, 2d Man, O. S. 
 Carnteel, I5/ Monday 
 after 12 
 
 19 
 
 Cookestown, Saturday 
 before the Ist of Au- 
 gust o, s, 
 
 Donaghmore, 1st Tues, 
 Gorten . . do. 
 Strabane . ... . 
 
 Clady 
 
 Dromore .... 
 Ardstraw Bridge . . 
 Derg Bridge . . . 
 Omagh .... 
 Bcnbridge .... 
 
 Moy 
 
 Dunelong 
 Coatfh 
 
 A uglier . . 
 Five- mile-town 
 Dungannon 
 
 1st Friday 
 2d Friday 
 
 Time. 
 
 June, 
 21 
 
 22 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 30 
 
 Jid?/ 
 
 i 
 
 21 
 
 26 
 30 
 
 Aug. 
 
 12 
 
 14 
 14 
 16 
 
NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Time, 
 
 Omagh, 2d Thur, 0,S. 
 
 Aug. 
 
 Castlecaufield . . . 
 
 23 
 
 Benburbe .... 
 
 25 
 
 Carnteel .... 
 
 26 
 
 Dunnymana . . . 
 
 26 
 
 Bearagh .... 
 
 29 
 
 Caledon .... 
 
 21 
 
 Maghrairigan, 2d Thur, 
 
 
 Balligawly . . 
 Donaghmore, 1st Tues. 
 Gortea . . do, 
 Moy . . 1st Friday 
 Coagh . . 2d do, 
 Castlecaufield . . . 
 Cookestown . . , 
 
 Trilie 
 
 Carnteel .... 
 Caledon, 2dMon, O, S 
 Benbuit>e .... 
 Dromore .... 
 
 Omagh ... 
 Donaghmore, 1st Tues. 
 Gorten . . do, 
 Frederickstown 
 Mount Hamilton 
 Moy . . 1st Friday 
 Coagh . 2d do. 
 
 Trilie 
 
 Ardstrawbridge . . 
 Aughnacloy . . . 
 Newtown Stewart 
 Cookestown . . . 
 Dungannon, 2d Mon 
 KiUn ..... 
 Derg Bridge . . . 
 Carnteel .... 
 Keleter ..... 
 Beftbarbs . . , .• 
 
 Sept. 
 2 
 
 4 
 
 29 
 
 Oct, 
 2 
 
 V 
 8 
 10 
 10 
 10 
 
 17 
 20 
 24 
 20 
 
 29 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Fentona .... 
 Caledon, 2d Mon. O. S, 
 Maghrairigan, 3ii 27iur, 
 
 Newtown Saville . . 
 Stewartstown . ^ . 
 Dromore .... 
 Gorten . 1st Tuesda 
 Donaghmore do, 
 Moy . . Irf Friday 
 Cookestown, I5/ Satur- 
 before November O, S. 
 Bally magory 
 Balligawley 
 Omagh 
 Drumt^n 
 Pomeroy 
 Augher . 
 Grange . 
 Strabane 
 Trilie . 
 Ardstraw Biudge 
 Aughnacloy, 1st Thurs^ 
 day O, S. 
 
 2d do. 
 Coagh . 2d Friday 
 Clady Bridge 
 Kileter . 1 
 Five mile town 
 Maghrairigan 
 Dungannon 
 Carnteel 
 BenbUrbe . 
 Dunmana . 
 Caledon, 2d Mon. 0.^. 
 Bearagh .... 
 
 Omagh 
 
 Castlecaufield . . . 
 Donaghmore, Itt Tues. 
 G«rtea . . 
 
 Time. 
 
 Oct. 
 29 
 
 Nov^ 
 1 
 
 2 
 3 
 8 
 11 
 12 
 12 
 12 
 14 
 1^ 
 
 16 
 19 
 
 22 
 24 
 25 
 
 26 
 «7 
 
 !29 
 
 1 
 
rOR IRELAND. 
 
 465 
 
 Places where held* 
 
 Dunaghy . . , . 
 Derg Bridge - - - 
 Ballenahetty - - - 
 Moy - - 15/ Friday 
 Newtown Stewart do, 
 Coagh - - 2c? do, 
 
 KiUin 
 
 Stewartstown - - - 
 
 Time. 
 
 Dec. 
 3 
 
 3 
 3 
 
 18 
 20 
 
 Places where held, 
 
 Benburbe - - - - 
 Trilie, Saturday after 
 
 Christmas 
 Caledon, 2d Monday 
 
 o,s. 
 
 Maglirairigan, 3d Thur. 
 Cookestown, Saturday 
 before Christmas O. S. 
 
 Time, 
 
 Dec, 
 31 
 
461 
 
 KEW TRAVELLErJs GUIDE 
 
 COUNTY OF DONEGAL. 
 
 The County of Donegal, otherwise Tyreronnel, is bounded 
 on the west and north by the Atlantic Ocean ; on the east by 
 the Counties of Londonderry and Tyrone ; and on the south 
 by the Counties of Fermanagh and Leitrim. Its greatest 
 extent from north to south, (on Doctor MacParlan's authority,) 
 is about seventy Irish miles ; and its greatest extent from east 
 to west, about thirty-live Irish miles. Its surface contains 
 679,550 acres, Irish plantation measure, including bogs, moun- 
 tain, and waste ; it is distributed into five Baronies : — Tyrhugh, 
 Bannogh and Boylagh, llaphoe, Kilmacrenan, Innishowen ; 
 which are divided into forty-two Parishes. The greatest portion 
 of this district consists of reclaimabl-e and irreclaimable moun- 
 tains ; the soil of the wild tracts is generally composed of 
 mossy peat, moor peat, and deep black moor ; the baronies of 
 Tyrhuge and Raphoe, have some good tillage and pasture 
 lands. Donald Stewart, the indefatigable mineralogist, em- 
 ployed by the Dublin Society, has distinctly specified where lead 
 and iron ores are to be found in these wild and bleak mountains, 
 with other valuable minerals, which have been hitherto un- 
 profitable acquisitions. Its fresh-water lakes are Lough-Esk, 
 Lough-Derg, and a chain of small pools in the Pettigo moun- 
 tains. Foyle and Swilly sre salt-water bays, and therefore are 
 not to be classed with lakes, though erroneously included in 
 that description. The Erne waters the southern extremity of 
 this County, for a very small distance, the other only consider?^- 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 465 
 
 ble rivers are the Fin and Foyle. Numerous gullies issue from 
 the mountains, always formidable and rapid after heavy rains ; 
 it abounds with fine harbours, well adapted for summer or 
 winter fishing : the linen manulacture is extensively established 
 in this county. It gives the title of Earl to the family of 
 Chicester. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Tyrhugh, 
 
 Templecairn, Drumholm, 
 Donegal, Kiibarron. 
 
 Ballyshannon, — Distant one hundred and one miles and a half 
 from the Castle of Dublin, is a very thriving town, conveniently 
 situated on an outlet, which discharges the waters of Lough- 
 Erne into the Atlantic, over which a bridge consisting of 14< 
 arches is erected ; here is a fine cascade, deemed the greatest 
 j^almon leap in Ireland : it has a barrack for two companies of 
 foot. A pier to protect the shipping in the harbour, and a 
 canal communicating with Lough-Erne, would render this a 
 town of consequence, opulence, and commerce. It was a 
 borough previous to the Union, returning two members to the 
 Irish Parliament. At a small distance, are the ruins of an 
 old abbey ; a road on the left leads to Sligo : here the road 
 from Manor Hamilton unites on the left ; a road on the right, 
 leads to Balliutra ; at the one hundred and four mile stone, 
 (stands a small lake to the right, and a little farther on, is situ- 
 ated LoUgh-Derg, in which there is a small island about half 
 a mile from the shore ; in this island there is a cave, called 8t. 
 Patrick's Purgatory, highly venerated by superstitious credulity 
 for its imaginary sanctity ; to this cave immense swarms of 
 pilgrims resort every summer, from all parts of Ireland. 
 
 BaUintra^ — Is a small village, distant one hundred and five 
 miles and three quarters from the Castle of Dublin. Here the 
 road from Belleek unites on the right; at the one hundred and 
 six mile stone, Dromhome Church stands on the left, 
 
 Dunegalf — Is a decayed town, distant one hundred and eleven 
 miles from the Castle of Dublin ; it is agreeably situated on the 
 river Esk, at the mouth of Donegal- Bay. Here is a handsome 
 old castle, the property of the Earl of Arran ; at a small dis- 
 tance from the town, are the ruins of an abbey, founded by 
 Odo Roe, for Franciscan friars, in the year 1474'. This town 
 was a borough previous to the Union, rctiirning two nicniburs 
 
 3 (.) 
 
i'66 
 
 NEW traveller's GUID« 
 
 to the Irish Parliament. Two roads issue from this town, that 
 on the right, leads to Lifford, and the other on the left, to 
 Killj'begs. 
 
 Parishes in the BarouTj of Bannogh and Boylagh. 
 
 Glencolmkill, Kilcar, Lettermacaward, 
 
 Inibkeel, Killybegs, Templecroan, 
 
 Inver, Killymard, Ardra. 
 Killaghte©, 
 
 To Dunfanaghy^ 
 
 Ballyshannon, 
 Ballintra, 
 
 Donegal, , , 
 Mount Charles, 
 Inver, 
 The Port, 
 
 Killybegs, ; : 
 
 Ardra, 
 
 Naren, 
 
 Strand, 
 
 Shallagan-Bridgc, 
 
 Gibbarrow-river, 
 
 Dinglo, 
 
 Guydore-river, 
 
 Gortahurk, , , 
 
 Dunfanaghy. 
 
 Ballyshannon. 
 
 (Mile*) 
 
 
 
 
 • • 
 
 41 
 
 1051 
 
 
 5i 
 
 111 
 
 
 3 
 
 114 
 
 
 3 
 
 117 
 
 • * 
 
 11 
 
 1181 
 
 
 5J 
 
 123^ 
 
 
 8 
 
 131^ 
 
 • « 
 
 4i 
 
 136^ 
 
 
 2i 
 
 1381 
 
 • « 
 
 H 
 
 144- 
 
 
 2 
 
 146 
 
 • • 
 
 6 
 
 152 
 
 
 71 
 
 15.9f 
 
 
 9 
 
 1691 
 
 
 61 
 
 176 
 
 ROADS. 
 
 At the one hundred and thirteen mile stone, Killymard 
 Church stands on the right. 
 
 Mount Charles, — Is a small village, distant one hundred and 
 fourteen miles from the Castle of Dublin, pleasantly situated 
 on the Inver-river, at the mouth of Inver-bay. A cross road 
 runs to the right ; at the one hundred and seventeen mile stone, 
 stands Inver Church ; here are the ruins of an old abbey, 
 founded in the fifteenth century ; a cross road runs to the right ; 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 467 
 
 at the one hundred and twenty niile stone, stand Duncanely 
 church and village, and the ruins of MacSwine's Castle lie on 
 the left; at the one hundred and twenty-one milestone, are 
 situated the Barney salt-works : at the one hundred and twenty- 
 three mile stone, a cross road runs to the right. 
 
 Killyhegs, — Distant one hundred and twentj^-three miles and 
 three quarters from the Castle of Dublin, is conveniently situ- 
 ated at the mouth of MacSwine's bay : here is a spacious secure 
 harbour, well sheltered by the adjacent mountains, and may be 
 entered at any state of the tide, the water, at the lowest ebb, 
 being always from five to eight fathom deep ; in some seasons 
 prodigious quantities of herrings are caught about this bay. — 
 Here are the ruins of an old friary, founded by MacSweeney 
 Banig. It was a borough previous to the Union, returning 
 two members to the Irish Parliament. A cross road runs to 
 the right, and another to the left, winds along the coast to the 
 village of 
 
 Ardra^ — Distant one hundred and thirty-one miles and a 
 quarter from the Castle of Dublin, and eight from Killybegs : 
 here is a neat church ; hence the road proceeds to the village of 
 Naren^ — Distant one hundred and thirty-six miles and a quarter 
 from the Castle of Dublin in this direction. Here stand 
 Enniskeel Church on the left ; on the island of Enniskeel, are 
 the ruins of a church, founded by St. Conald, killed by pirates 
 in the year 590 ; there is also a well, annually visited by a vast 
 concourse of pilgrims. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Itophoe. 
 
 Clonleigh, Leek, Stranorlane, 
 
 Donaghmore, Raphoe, Taughboyne, 
 
 Killea, Ray, All Saints. 
 Kilteevagh, 
 
 To Dunfanaghy, ly Lifford, 
 
 LifFord, 
 
 Ballindrait, 
 
 Kaphoe, 
 
 Letterkenny, 
 
 Kilmacrennan, 
 
 Glen Inn, 
 
 Dunfanaghy. 
 
 
 ]Miles. 
 
 
 ]02i 
 
 11 
 
 ]04^ 
 
 
 107 
 
 6i 
 
 113 
 
 5 
 
 ll8i 
 
 r>k 
 
 1241 
 
 Si 
 
 132f 
 
46S 
 
 K£W traveller's GUIDE 
 
 Liffunl^ — Distant one hundred and two miles and a half from 
 the Castle of Dublin, is the shire and assizes town of this 
 County, pleasantly situated on the western bank of the river 
 Foyle. Here is a barrack for a troop of liorse : it gives the 
 title of Viscount to the fiimily of Flewet : it was a borouo-h 
 previous to the Union, returning two members to the Irish 
 Parliament. Three roads issue from this town ; one to the 
 light, running along the western bank of the river Foyle to 
 Derry ; another in a westerly direction, leads to Raphoe ; 
 and the third, on the left, proceeds towards 
 
 Castle-Fin Village^ — Distant one hundred and seven miles 
 from the Castle of Dublin. 
 
 Killijgordon^ — Is a small village, distant one hundred miles 
 from the Castle of Dublin, 
 
 Sh anc,rla7ie, — Is a neat little village, distant one hundred and 
 twelve miles and three quarters from the Castle of Dublin ; it is 
 pleasantly situated on the river Fin, 
 
 BalhjboJ'ey, — Is a small village, distant one hundred and thirteen 
 miles and a quarter from the Castle of Dublin, agreeably situ- 
 ated on the river Fin. Here the road forks into two branches ; 
 that on the left, leads to Donegal town, already noticed, and 
 the other on the right, runs towards 
 
 Fintawn Village^ — Distant one hundred and twenty^five miles 
 and three quarters from the Castle of Dublin, On the left of 
 this village, is situated Lough Fin, from which the river Fin 
 derives its source. 
 
 Shaltctgan Bridge^ — Is a small village, distant one hundred 
 and thirty miles and a half from the Castle of Dublin : here 
 the road forks into two branches ; that on the left, leads to 
 INaren, already noticed, and the other on the right, to 
 
 Dunglo Village^ — Distant one hundred and thirty-eight miles 
 and a half from the Castle of Dublin, and agreeably situated 
 on an arm of the sea : here the road forks into two branches 
 that on the right, winds along the shore towards Gortahurk, 
 and the other on the left, stretches towards the island of North 
 Arran ; on which the neat little town of Rutland has been 
 erected for the accc mmodatioii of vessels resorting tu the har- 
 bour in the herring fishing season. The streets of this little 
 colony are wide, regular, and uniform ; and the houses so 
 judiciously arranged, that all the necessary stores are situated 
 in the rere. Flere is a complete dock-yard, where vessels lie 
 in perfect safety in three tathom water; about 400 fishing 
 smacks annually assemble here in quest of herrings ; this town 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 469 
 
 rs distant one liundred and thirty-nine miles from the Castle 
 of Dublin by Lackbeg-ferry. On the road j)assing from 
 Lifford to Letterkenny, stands 
 
 Raphoe^'—'Dkiiint one hundred and seven miles from the 
 Castle of Dublin. This delapidated village, is an ancient 
 episcopal see, founded about the middle of the sixth century. 
 In the eleventh century, the cathedral was erected on the ruins 
 of the original church. In the cathedral stood a celebrated 
 cross, to which miraculous powers were superstitiously imputed. 
 In the year 1438, it was removed to Armagh by Bishop 
 O'Galoher ; it is not recorded whether its translation deprived 
 it of its imaginary sanctity, like as the shorne Sampson was- 
 divested of his supernatural valour. The episcopal castle or 
 palace, was erected at the cxpence of government, in the reign 
 of Charles the First. In the rebellion of 1641, it withstood a 
 long and vigorous siege; it has been since modernised and 
 beautified : a ronnd tower stood here, and an extensive mo- 
 nastery founded by St. Columb. Two cross ] oads sweep on 
 the right, one leads towards Derry, and the other to Manor 
 Cunningham ; a cross road on the left, leads to Convoy village ; 
 at the one hundred and ten mile stone, a cross road runs ri<^ht 
 £!nd left. 
 
 To Carrigans, hy Lifford, 
 
 l^Miles.) 
 
 LifTord, . , . . — I ] 02^ 
 
 St. Johnstown, . . . 6 j l()8i 
 
 Cai-rigans, , , . . li | 110 
 
 Pcerislies in the Barony of Kilmacrcnan. 
 
 Aughanunchin, 
 Aughishe, 
 Clandeliorky, 
 Clondevadock, 
 
 Coneval, 
 Gar tan, 
 Killigarvan, 
 Kilmacrenan, 
 
 Mevatrh, 
 Uaymunterdonv, 
 Tullaghobigly,* 
 Tuhy. 
 
 Letlerhenny, — A small town, distant one hundred and thirteen 
 miles and a half from the Castle of Dublin, is pleasantly 
 fcituated on the river Swilly : here the road from Derry unites 
 on the left ; two roads issue from tliis town, that on the Icft^ 
 leads to 
 
170 
 
 NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 JRathmclton, — Situated on the western verge of Lough- Swilly, 
 and distant one hundred and seventeen miles and a half from 
 the Castle of Dublin ; and the other on the left, runs to Glen- 
 Inn ; at the one hundred and sixteen mile stone, the road 
 crosses the Garter-river, where Kilmacrenan Church stands to 
 the right. 
 
 GLcn-Inn^ — Is a small village, distant one hundred and twenty- 
 four miles and a half from the Castle of Dublin ; at the one 
 hundred and twenty-seven mile stone, stands Ards-castle on the 
 right ; at the one hundred and thirty mile stone, Ballimore 
 church is situated on the left ; and a little farther on, are the 
 ruins of an old castle to the right : at the one hundred and 
 thirty-two mile stone, stand the ruins of an old chiaxh on the 
 left. 
 
 Dunfanaghy^ — Is a poor straggling village, distant one hundred 
 and thirty-two miles and three quarters from the Castle of 
 Dublin : here the road v^^inds along the shore, on the left, to 
 the viilaore of 
 
 Gortahurk^ — Already noticed, and distant one hundred and 
 thirty-eight miles and a half from the Castle of Dublin. At 
 Horn-Head, situated north of Dunfanaghy, is a very singular 
 excavation, perforated either by decomposition, or the impulse 
 of the waves through a rock of granite more than 20 yards; 
 from this cave, a perpendicular funnel ascends to ihe surface of 
 the rock, called MacSwine's Gun, where the aperture, (accord- 
 ing to Doctor Mac Parian's description,) is not much wider than 
 a large kitchen chimney. At half tide, when the wind blows 
 due north, this funnel is seen to spout columns of water, far 
 higher than the eye can reach into the air, with terrific explo- 
 sion, audible it is said, at the distance of from twenty to thirty 
 miles. The road leading from LilFord to Londonderry, a little 
 beyond the one hundred and three mile stone, crosses the 
 river Swilly ; the ruins of an old church lie to the right ; at the 
 one hundred and six mile stone, a cross road runs to the left. 
 
 St. Johnsto*wn^ — Is a neat httle village, distant one hundred 
 and eight miles and a half from the Castle of Dublin, and 
 pleasantly situated on the western bank of the river Foyle. It 
 was a borough previous to the Union, returning two members 
 to the Irish Parliament. 
 
 Carriga7is, — Is a small village, distant one hundred and ten 
 miles from the Castle of Dublin, pleasantly situated on the 
 western bank of the river Foyle. On this side of the one hun- 
 ilrcd and eleven mile stone, this county termi^iates towardii 
 
fOR IRELAND. 
 
 Londonderry. On the road passing from Londonderry to 
 Letterkenny, Donegal County commences at the three mile 
 stone from Derry town ; at the four mile stone, a cross road 
 on the left, leads to Carrigans ; at the seven mile stone, a church 
 and the ruins of an old castle lie to the right. 
 
 Netsjtoiscn Cumiingham, — Is a neat village, distant one hundred 
 and twenty-two miles and a half from the Castle of Dublin, 
 and seven and a half from Londonderry. The church stands 
 on the right ; and a cross road runs to the left ; at the ten mile 
 stone, the ruins of a church lie on the right. 
 
 Manor Cunningham^ — Is a comfortable village, distant one 
 hundred and twenty-six miles and a half from the Castle of 
 Dublin, and thirteen and a quarter from Londonderry. The 
 church, and a cross road lie on the left ; the direct road leads to 
 Letterkenny, already noticed. 
 
 To JDimglo, hy Liffbrd, 
 
 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Lifford, 
 
 
 
 I02| 
 
 Castlcfin, 
 
 
 4| 
 
 107- 
 
 Killygordon, ; 
 
 • 
 
 3 
 
 110 
 
 Stronorlane 
 
 • 
 
 2^ 
 
 1121 
 
 Choghan, 
 
 
 5l 
 
 118^ 
 
 Fin town, 
 
 
 7^ 
 
 I25f 
 
 8hallaghan-Bridge, 
 
 
 41 
 
 130f 
 
 Dunglo, 
 
 • « 
 
 8 
 
 138J 
 
 ParisJies in the Barony of Inishorccn, 
 
 Cloncagh, Dysertagny, Templcmorc, 
 
 Clonmanny, Fahan, Bert, 
 
 CuldaH; Upper Movil, Inch Island. 
 
 Donagh, Lower Movil, 
 
 On the road passing from Derry to the peninsula of Inis- 
 houen, the County of Donegal commences at Culmore Fort, 
 situated on the western bank of Lough-Foyle, and distant four 
 miles from Derry. This fort, in possession of King James' 
 forces, defended the boom laid across the river, to compel a 
 surrender of the besieged through famine. Through this bleak 
 
NEW traveller's GUIDI3 
 
 and mountainous district, there are no towns or villages of any 
 considerable magnitude, though tolerably well inhabited to the 
 full extent of the infertility of its ill-cultivated soil. It abounds 
 with grand natural beauties, pleasing to an eye delighting to 
 survey nature in its rude and boldest features. This district 
 is conspicuously distinguished lor the illicit distillation of 
 whiskey. 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 47 S 
 
 A Table of Fairs held in this Counti/ in every month of the 
 
 year. 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 ± ime> 
 
 
 T 
 
 Jan, 
 
 Ked Castle . . . 
 
 1 
 
 T^pttprkpTiTi V 
 
 ivwixAi y • • • 
 
 2 
 
 Pettigo .... 
 
 1 i 
 
 Castlenn, Mona. oejon 
 
 
 Via L/instmas 
 
 
 
 Feb, 
 
 Ualintra .... 
 
 1 
 
 Cloghanbeg 
 
 1 
 
 Dunkanally 
 
 6 
 
 C astlehn, Mona, bejort 
 
 7 
 
 Ula Layiatemas 
 
 
 Balindreat 
 
 lo 
 
 Carndonagh • . . 
 
 21 
 
 
 Mar. 
 
 Jvi 11 Igor dan . . . 
 
 Q 
 O 
 
 Pettigo .... 
 
 i 7 
 
 iVlount diaries 
 
 1 / 
 
 Itatnmelton, ist. Incs» 
 
 
 vejore 1 uii icic b uay 
 
 
 Balintra . . . j 
 
 25 
 
 Stranorlane . • • 
 
 29 
 
 
 Any 
 J. • 
 
 
 4 
 
 St. Johnstown 
 
 'I 
 
 Castleim .... 
 
 J 9 
 
 Killybegs .... 
 
 1 o 
 
 
 4U 
 
 
 May, 
 
 Paphoe .... 
 Pettigo . • . . 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 Maghremore . . . 
 
 3 
 
 Oldtown .... 
 
 4 
 
 MiifF . . . • . 
 
 4 
 
 
 3 p 
 
 P/ace« tvAere held. 
 
 Donegal, 2d. Tues. Old 
 
 Stile 
 Mount Charles 
 Churcliili . . 
 Letterkenny 
 Port . . 
 Ardara 
 
 Buncrana . . 
 Fintoun 
 Convoy 
 Cloghanbeg 
 Balintra . . 
 Ballibofey . . 
 Carndonagh 
 Donegal 
 Killigordon 
 
 Red Castle . 
 iNIaghremore . . 
 Petti^ro 
 
 Oldtown . . . 
 Ballishannon 
 Mount Charles . 
 Baliindreat 
 Dunfanaghy . . 
 Ballynass . . . 
 Carrigart . . . 
 Kaphoe 
 
 Malin .... 
 Castlefm, Whitsun Man 
 Kashedag .... 
 
 Time. 
 
 May, 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 12 
 
 1.5 
 
 15 
 
 IG 
 
 17 
 
 19 
 
 20 
 
 21 
 
 21 
 
 29 
 
 51 
 
 June 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 5 
 
 8 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 
 10 
 
 H) 
 
 12 
 it I 
 
 22 
 21^ 
 
 l.j 
 
 Dunkanaly 
 
 I'intown 
 
 ►Stranorlane 
 
 Julij. 
 1 
 3 
 
4 7-4 traveller'* gdidi; 
 
 Places where held, 1 
 
 Time, 
 
 July 
 
 Manor Cunningham 
 
 7 
 
 J.^OIlcgd,l • • • • 
 
 Q 
 
 Letterkenny , . . 
 
 10 
 
 Pettigo .... 
 
 25 
 
 Buncranna , . . 
 
 26 
 
 Balintra .... 
 
 31 
 
 Oldtown .... 
 
 31 
 
 
 Aug, 
 
 Ballindreat . 
 
 1 
 
 
 I 
 
 
 1 
 
 Johnston's Bridge 
 
 3 
 
 Dunfanaghy . . . 
 
 5 
 
 
 5 
 
 Castlefin . « . . 
 
 8 
 
 Kashedag . . . 
 
 8 
 
 Redcastle .... 
 
 12 
 
 Stranorlane . . . 
 
 12 
 
 Letterkenny . . . 
 
 13 
 
 Church hill . . . 
 
 15 
 
 Ramullen .... 
 
 21 
 
 Carndonagh 
 
 
 Ballynass .... 
 
 24? 
 
 Cloffhanbeff . . . 
 
 o o 
 
 25 
 
 Port 
 
 26 
 
 Kaphoe . . . . 
 
 27 
 
 Killigordon . . . 
 
 31 
 
 
 Sept, 
 
 Fin town .... 
 
 3 
 
 Donegal « ... 
 
 
 Buncranna .... 
 
 7 
 
 Rashedag .... 
 
 15 
 
 Pettigo . ; . , 
 
 16 
 
 Ballishannon . . . 
 
 18 
 
 Mount Charles . . 
 
 22 
 
 
 Oct, 
 
 Balintra . . . • 
 
 2 
 
 Places where held, 
 
 Dunfanaghy . 
 Castlefin, Mond, before 
 
 the lOtk 
 Piathmelton 
 Stranorlane 
 St. Johnstons . 
 Dunkanally 
 Ballynass . . 
 Muff' . . . 
 Convoy 
 Donegal 
 New town Cunningham 
 Carrigart . . 
 Malin . . . 
 
 Ardara . . 
 Convoy 
 Fintown 
 Raphoe 
 Port . . 
 Manor Cunningham 
 Church hiil . 
 Letterkenny 
 Killibegs . . 
 Pettigo 
 Red castle 
 Buncranna . 
 Dunfanaghy 
 B. Shannon 
 Mount Charles 
 Cloghanbeg 
 Balindreat . 
 Carndonagh 
 Castlefin 
 RamuUan . 
 Johnston's Bridge 
 Balintra . . < 
 
 Time, 
 2 
 
 Killigordan 
 
 Dec. 
 
FOR IRELAND* 
 
 475 
 
 Plaees where held. 
 
 Time, 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Time, 
 
 
 Dec, 
 
 
 Dec. 
 
 Balintra • . . . 
 
 1 
 
 Port . : 
 
 15 
 
 Ballynass . . ► . 
 
 1 
 
 
 22 
 
 btranorlane . . , 
 
 9 
 
 Ballibofey .... 
 
 24. 
 
 Rashedag .... 
 
 11 
 
 Letterkepny, . Friday 
 
 
 MufF .... 
 
 11 
 
 before Christmas 
 
 
 Rathmelton . Tuesdai/ 
 
 
 Castlefin, . . Monday 
 
 
 before Christmas 
 
 
 after ditto 
 
 
NEW teavelleb's auiDU 
 
 COUNTY Of LONDONDERRY. 
 
 The County of Londonderry, — Is bounded on the south 
 by Tyrone ; on the west by Donegal ; on the north by the 
 ocean ; and on the east by Lough-Neagh, the river Bann, and 
 a part of the county of Antrim : its greatest extent from north 
 to south, is about thirty- two Irish miles, and about twenty-se- 
 ven miles from east to west; its superfices comprises 318,500 
 Irish plantation acres, including bogs, mountain, and waste. 
 It is divided into four baronies; Teerkerin, Kenaught, Loughlin- 
 sholin and Coleraine, which contain thirty-one parishes. The soil 
 is generally fertile, and is partly composed of rich loams, red, yel- 
 low, and lime-stone gravels, clay, marie and moor. Its surface 
 is not much encumbered with mountains. Its chief rivers are 
 the Foile, the Bann, which separates it from the county of An- 
 trim, the Faughan, the Glen, the Roe, the Bigoney, the May- 
 ola, the Clady, the Agivey, the Macosquin, and the Given-beg, 
 with other numerous streams of lesser magnitude, and too unim- 
 portant to be detailed. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of TeerJcerin, 
 
 Cumber, 
 
 ^ Taughanvale. 
 
477 
 
 ROADS. 
 
 On the road leading from Strabane to Derry, Londonderry 
 County commences at the one hundred and ninth mile stone. 
 
 Newbuildings^ — Is a small neat village, distant one hundred 
 and ten miles and a quarter from the Castle of Dublin ; at the 
 one hundred and thirteenth mile stone, a cross road runs to the 
 right. 
 
 Derry or LonrJonderry^ — Is distant one hundred and fifteen 
 miles from the Castle of Dublin; it consists of four main streets 
 issuing from the exchange, and terminating at a gate denomi- 
 nated from the street ; the smaller streets and lanes observe a 
 similar arrangement. The streets are well paved and lighted. 
 The cathedral is a Gothic structure, erected in the year 1633. 
 The original tower was lately ornamented with a beautiful 
 spire. The town hall and market-house were erected in the 
 year 1692, over which are the courts of justice, occasionally 
 used as a ball-room. The new goal, the episcopal palace, and 
 the linen hall, are spacious, and well adapted for their respec- 
 tive destinations. The walls, ^although built in the year 1614, 
 are in very fine repair, and flanked with bastions. The plat- 
 form on the top of the rampart is spacious, and covered with a 
 parapet ; the quay, and a great portion of the city, are situated 
 outside the walls. The harbour is deep, wide, and tolerably 
 secure, as the sand banks at the mouth of Lough Foyle do not 
 obstruct the navigation, there being at all times of the tide four- 
 teen fathom of water in the channel. A very extensive commercial 
 intercourse exists between this town, the West Indies, and Ame- 
 rica. This city and its liberties, constitute a distinct county, 
 enjoying all the municipal privileges attached to such a distinc- 
 tion- Its civil government is vested in a mayor, aldermen, re- 
 corder and sheriffs. On the attainder of O'Neale, the county of 
 Derry was granted by James the First to the citizens of Lon- 
 don, on stipulation of colonizing the district with English set- 
 tlers, by whom the town was new modelled and fortified. It 
 was constituted an episcopal see in the year 1158. There were 
 some monastic institutions founded here at a very early period. 
 In the year 1688, it sustained a vigorous siege against James 
 the Second's numerous forces : the defence was most ably con- 
 ducted by the Reverend Mr. Walker, who wrote a journal of 
 the miseries cpdured during the investment, a rare but preci- 
 ous record. In the year 1790, a very fine wooden bridge was 
 
47» 
 
 NEW traveller'*) GrVlJJE 
 
 erected over the river Foyle, by Mr. Cox, an American. This 
 city gives the title of Earl to the noble family of Stewart, and 
 returns one member to the Imperial Parliament. On the wes- 
 tern bank of the river Foyle, Londonderry County commences 
 at the one hundred and eleventh mile stone; at the one hundred 
 and twelfth mile stone, a cross road runs to the left; from the 
 western extremity of Londonderry City, two roads issue to the 
 left, one leading to Letterkenny, and tlie other to Culmore Fort, 
 where the county terminates in that direction. 
 
 To Londonderry hy New Buildings. 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 New Buildings , - - — I 110< 
 
 Londonderry - - - 4l | 115 
 
 Parishes in the Liberties of JOerry* 
 
 Clondermot. Derry, 
 
 On the road passing from Cookestowm to Dungiven, Loti* 
 donderry County commences on the northern bank of the Bi- 
 goney river. At the eighty-sixth mile stone, three small lakes 
 lie on the right, and two on the left ; on this side of the eighty- 
 t ighth mile stone, stands Blackwater Bridge ; at the ninetieth 
 mile stone, a cross road runs right and left, and a little farther 
 on, the road crosses the M ay ola river ; at the ninety-first mile 
 stone, stands Inn Village, and a cross road leads to the right ; 
 at the ninety-second mile stone, the road crosses the Douglass 
 river, and a cro.ss road winds to the right ; at the ninety-se- 
 venth mile stone, the road crosses the Rowe-river, and a cross 
 Toad sweeps to the right ; at the ninety-ninth mile stone, a 
 church stands on the right, a cross road runs to the right, 
 *,nd the ruins of an old church lie on the left. 
 
 To Derry by Dimgiven, 
 
 Dungiven 
 
 Clady 
 
 Cross 
 
 Ferry -bank 
 Derry 
 
 
 99 
 
 
 1071 
 
 4 
 
 nil 
 
 
 114| 
 
 
 115 
 
FOR IKELAWD. 47^ 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Kenan ghtt 
 
 Aughanloo, Bovevagh, TamlaghtfiiilagaH, 
 
 Balteagh, Drumochose, Dimgiven. 
 
 Banagher, Tamlaghtara, 
 
 Dungiven^ — Is a straggling village, distant ninety-nine miles 
 from the Castle of Dublin, pleasantly situated in a valley at the 
 cenfluence of the rivers Roe, Ovvenrcagh and Givenbeg; it su])- 
 plies the large neighbouring mountainous district with such 
 retail articles as people of that description usually require. A 
 fpiary was founded here by O'Cahane for Augustine monks. 
 The church is a plain stone structure ; three roads issue from 
 this town on the right, one running towards Coleraine, two run 
 to Newtown Limevady on both banks of the Roe, and the fourth 
 on the left, leads to Londonderry : at the one hundred and first 
 mile stone, Banagher Church stands on the left; at the one 
 hundred and fourth mile stone, stands the small village of 
 Teeny ; at the one hundred and fifth mile stone, he the ruinsi 
 of Straid Church on the left. 
 
 Clady^ — Is a small village, distant one hundred and seven 
 miles and three quarters from the Castle of Dublin ; it is plea* 
 santly situated on the river Faugh an ; a cross road leads to the 
 right; at the one hundred and ninth mile stone, a cross road 
 sweeps to the left; and a little farther on, stand the ruins of 
 O'Cane's Castle on the left ; at the one hundred and tenth mile 
 stone, a cross road on the right leads to Muff Cross, a small 
 village, distant one hundred and eleven miles and three quar- 
 ters from the Castle of Dublin, is situated on the northern bank 
 of the river Faughan ; at the one hundred and thirteenth mile 
 stone, the road crosses the Faughan-river ; at the one hundred 
 and fourteenth mile stone, a church stands on the right ; at the 
 one hundred and fifteenth mile stone, commences the wooden 
 bridge erected over the river Foyle, 1068 feet in length, and 
 forty feet in breadth : here the road from Strabane unites on 
 the left ; a cross road on the right winds along the eastern shore 
 of Lough Foyle towards Muff; at the third mile stone from 
 Londonderrry, the road crosses the river Faughan ; a small 
 leke, and the ruins of an old church stand on the left. 
 
480 
 
 KEW TRAVELLER*S gUiDE 
 
 To Nexvtown Limevdvddt^ by Dujigiven. 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Dungiven . . , — I yg 
 
 Newtown Limevaddy . . 7i | 106 J 
 
 Muffi — Is a small village distant one hundred and twenty 
 miles and a half from the Castle of Dublin, and five miles and 
 a half from Londonderry ; a cross road runs to the right ; at 
 the ninth mile stone from Londonderry, the ruins of an old 
 church lie on the right. 
 
 Ballyhelly^ — Is a small village, situated on a streamlet of the 
 same name, and distant one hundred and twenty-five miles and a 
 half from the Castle of Dublin, and ten miles and a half from 
 Londonderry. A cross road runs to the right, and the direct 
 road leads to Newtown Limevaddy ; at the one hundred and 
 second mile stone of the road passing from Dungiven to Lime- 
 ^'add}', along the eastern bank of the river Roe, stands Boveagh 
 Church on the left. 
 
 To BallyJcelly by Deny, 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Derrv • • • — i 11 5 
 
 Muff . . . . 5i I 120i 
 
 Ballykelly • . . 5 | 125t 
 
 Newton Limecaddy^^ls a neat town, consisting of one main 
 spacious street, pleasantly situated on the bank of the river 
 Roe, and distant one hundred and six miles and a half from the 
 Castle of Dublin : here are a church, a meeting-house, and a 
 market-house. It was a borough previous to the Union ; a 
 cross road runs right and left. From this town a road winds 
 along the eastern shore of Lough Foyle, towards Magillon 
 Point, remarkable for a fine rabbet warren, producing to th© 
 proprietor a revenue of £. 2000 per annum. See SampsorCs 
 Statistical Survey of this County, On the road passing from 
 Cookestown to Money more, Londonderry county commences 
 at the eighty-third mile stone. 
 
TOR IPcELANP. 
 
 481 
 
 Parishes in the Baronj/ of Loughlinsholen. 
 
 Ballinderry, 
 
 Disertljn, 
 
 Lissaii, 
 
 Maghertafelt, 
 
 Tamlaght, 
 
 Tamlaghtocrely, 
 
 Cliapel-wootis, 
 
 Ballysciilleii, 
 
 Dosart Martin 
 
 KilcroPiaghan, 
 
 Killilea 
 
 Kilrea, 
 
 Maglicra, 
 Ternioiiany, 
 Dawson's Bridge, 
 Enuibiush. 
 
 Monci/more, — A considerable village, distant eiglity-tbree 
 miles and three quarters from the Castle of Dublin, is pleasant- 
 ly situated on the river Bigoney. A cross road runs right and 
 left, and a neat church stnnds on the left; two roads issue 
 from this town, that on the right leads to IMagherafelt, and the 
 other on the left to the village of Desart Mnrtin, distant eighty- 
 eight miles from Dublin Castle, and &itnatcd on a streamlet 
 ilowing into the Mayola river; here \^ a neat church, and the 
 road from Magherafelt unites on the right; on this side of the 
 eighty-ninth mile gtone a cross road leads to the left. 
 
 Tuhermorc, — A neat village, distant ninety miles and a l;alf 
 from Dublin Castle, is situated near the Mayola river ; a cross 
 road winds to the left. 
 
 Maghera, — Is a smaU village, distant ninety-two miles from 
 Dublin Castle : the church ancl plebe house lie on the riorht, and 
 a cross road runs right and left ; two roads issue from this town, 
 that on the right leads to Tamlaght, and the other on the left 
 to Swatteragh village, distant ninety-six miles and three quarters 
 from Dublin Castle i a cross road on the right leads to Kilrea. 
 
 Gawah — Is a small village, distant one hundred miles and a 
 half from Dublin Castle, pleasantly situated on the Agevey river ; 
 here the road from Kilrea unites on the right; a cross road runs 
 right and left; the churcli and glebe-house lie on the right; 
 at the one hundred and tidrd mile slone tlic road crosses the 
 Aghadowey river, ar^l a cross road runs right and left; at the 
 one hundred and sixth mile stone the road from Kilrea unites 
 on the rigjit; at the one humlred and eighth mile stojie stand 
 a cliurch and glebe-house on the left. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Colerainc. 
 
 Aghadowy, Dunboe, Macosquy, 
 
 Desertfogil, Errigal, 
 
 Colcraine, — Tlic second town in this county in extent and 
 
48^ 
 
 NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 iiiiportance, is well built and agreeably situated on both sides of 
 the river Bann, about four miles from the sea, and one hundred 
 and nine miles and a quarter from Dublin Castle; the rapidity 
 j f the ciirr'^nt repels the tide, and renders the navigation up 
 the river both diflicult and dangerous, an impediment which 
 greatly obstructs foreign commerce, for which this town in all 
 oti ier respects is well calculated ; hx^re is the most extensive salmon 
 fishery in this island. There is a barrack for three companies 
 of foot ; this tow ^ was repaired and walled in, during the admi- 
 nistration r r Sir John Perrot. St. Carbreus, who flourished about 
 the year 540, was the first Bishop of Coleraine. In the year 
 1213. castle was erected here, and in the year 1244, a monas- 
 tery wr>s founded, dedicated to the Virgin Mary. The roads 
 from Dir iven and Newtown Limevaddy unite on the left, 
 and a r' :',<) issuing on the left, runs to Articlave village, and 
 tlier-e 'm/ Downhill, situated on the sea shore; all the roads 
 n| vhifip on the left l ank of the Bann, concentre on the 
 f^-i.:, ;^iui two roads issin^ on the right, one leading to Portrush 
 prci t!u other Bu I'lrji'e^, situated in the county of Antrim, 
 Mr was oiigmally the shire town of the county; it gives the 
 <: of Baron to the family of Hanger, and returns one mem- 
 " r 1 to the United Parliament; r^ear this town is a rath or tu- 
 mulus, supposed to be a Danish erection. 
 
 To Portrush by Moneymore^ 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Money more - - .. 
 
 
 8Sl 
 
 Desart Martin 
 
 - ' - " - 4i 
 
 88 
 
 Tuhbermore - - - 
 
 - - 2k 
 
 90| 
 
 Maghera - - - 
 
 - 2 
 
 92| 
 
 Swiitteracjh - - - 
 
 4 
 
 961 
 
 Garvah - - - - 
 
 - , 3l 
 
 100| 
 
 Aghadowey Bridge 
 
 21 
 
 10S| 
 
 Coleraine _ - - 
 
 6 
 
 109^ 
 
 Portrush - - - 
 
 - 44 
 
 114 
 
 Parishes in the Liberties of Coleraine. 
 
 Agherton, Kildallock, Killowen, 
 
 Coleraine, Camus, 
 
 On the road leading; from Goagh ta Mag;herafelt, London- 
 
FOn IRELAND. 
 
 483 
 
 derry County commences on the north bank of the Bigoney 
 river ; the ruins of an old church lie on the right, and a road 
 leading to Moneymore sweeps to the left. 
 
 Magherafelt, — Is a neat village, distant eighty-eight miles 
 from Dublin Castle ; the road from Moneymore unites on the 
 left, here the road forks into two branches, that on the left leads 
 to Desart Martin, and the other on the right to Dawson's 
 Bridge village, distant ninety miles from Dublin Castle; it is 
 pleasantly situated on the Mayola river ; a cross road on the 
 right, passes Toom Bridge, erected over the lower Bann, and 
 another on the left leads to Maghera. 
 
 Ballaghy^^ls a small neat village, distant ninety-two miles 
 and a half from Dublin Castle ; a cross road on the right leads 
 to New Ferry, and another on the left to Maghera. 
 
 Kilrca,—~ls a pleasant town, distant one hundred and two 
 miles from Dublin Castle; a cross road runs right and left: at 
 the one hundred and fourth mile stone the road crosses the 
 Agivey river, and at the one hundred and sixth mile stone, it 
 joins the road from Garvah i the two roads united continue to 
 Coleraine, already noticed. The linen manufacture is exten- 
 sively carried on through the entire extent of this county, as it 
 appears that the number of registered bleachers amounts to 
 sixty. No coal mines of any considerable importance have as 
 yet been discovered in this county : it abounds with iron ore of 
 various qualities, and which was formerly wrought near Castle 
 Dawson ; only small veins of lead and copper ores have been 
 hitherto discovered. 
 
K£W TRAVELLER S GUlDi: 
 
 A Table of Fairs held in this County every month of the year. 
 
 Places where held, 
 
 Castledawson . . . 
 
 Jjsane 
 
 Ballinasciecn, \st Fri. 
 JMnghera . . . . 
 Tuber more 
 Money more . . . 
 
 Descartmartin 
 Ballinascreeu \st Fri 
 Muff. . . 
 Church tow 11 
 Tubermorc 
 Moneymore 
 Garvah, 2d Friday 
 Dungiveii, Tnes. hefor 
 Candlemas, 
 
 8wattera«zli 
 
 Ballinascreeu \st. Fri 
 Maghera . . . 
 Moneymore . . 
 Dungiven . . , 
 Netowniimevaddy 
 Tubermore . . . 
 
 Ballinascreen \st. Frid. 
 Monevmore . . . 
 Castledawson . . . 
 Tubel'ttiore last Mofid, 
 
 Ballinascreen 1st, Fri. 
 Muff . . , . . 
 Desartmartin . . . 
 Ballaghy . . 
 Coleraine . . . • 
 
 Time. 
 
 places Inhere held. 
 
 
 xTau* 
 
 
 
 lYLUU* 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Lisane . 
 
 
 
 
 Jill I'/'li iT^tirn 
 
 ... 
 
 15 
 
 12 
 
 Swatteragh . 
 
 . . . 
 
 1 7 
 
 17 
 
 v^iauy • • 
 
 ... 
 
 17 
 
 2 1 
 
 IVi n n pv m nro 
 
 
 9 1 
 
 
 frflVVPOfli 
 
 
 23 
 
 Feb. 
 
 iVT;i frriprji fpif 
 
 
 25 
 
 4- 
 
 T)iino"I vpn 
 
 
 25 
 
 
 Portglenone 
 
 
 25 
 
 7 
 
 Tubermore 
 
 
 31 
 
 12 
 
 
 
 
 13 
 
 
 
 
 21 
 
 Castledawson 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 Ballinascreen 
 
 15/ Frid. 
 
 
 
 Desartmartin 
 
 
 7 
 
 
 Maghera 
 
 
 12 
 
 
 Newtownllmevaddy . 
 
 19 
 
 JSlar, 
 
 Londonderry 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 Moneymore 
 
 • • • 
 
 9 1 
 
 til L 
 
 
 Dungiven . 
 
 • • • 
 
 22 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 9^i 
 
 21 
 
 
 
 
 23 
 
 
 
 • In J 01 
 
 28 
 
 Ballinascreen 1st. Fri. 
 
 
 28 
 
 Coleraine 
 
 • * . 
 
 ;^ 
 
 
 Kiiovi^en 
 
 . • • 
 
 5 
 
 Ajjr. 
 
 Triadd . 
 
 • • 
 
 5 
 
 
 Tubermore 
 
 
 
 o \ 
 
 w L 
 
 Newtownlimevaddy 
 
 1 9 
 
 til 1 
 
 Swatteragh . 
 
 
 1 *7 
 
 
 Moneymore 
 
 
 21 
 
 
 Garvah . . 
 
 
 26 
 
 May 
 
 Desartmartin 
 
 
 28 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 Aug, 
 
 8 
 
 Muff. . , 
 
 
 1 
 
 12 
 
 Castledawson 
 
 
 1 
 
 12 , 
 
 Ballinascreen, 
 
 1st. Fri, 
 
 
FOR IRELAND, 
 
 places where held. 
 
 Lisane . . 
 Portglenone 
 Tubermore 
 Kilrea . . 
 Matrhera 
 Money more 
 Churchtown 
 Magherafelt 
 
 7'ime- 
 
 Aug. 
 12 
 12 
 12 
 14 
 17 
 21 
 24. 
 25 
 
 Londonderry . . . 
 Ballinascreen Isf. Fri, 
 Dungiven Tues. before 
 
 Lady Day 
 Moneymore . . . 
 
 Desartmartin • 
 Ballinascreen 1st, 
 Kilrea . . . 
 Maghera 
 Londonderry . 
 Tubermore 
 Desartmartin . 
 Moneymore 
 Dungiven , , 
 Magherafelt 
 Ncwtownlinievaddy 
 
 Sep. 
 4 
 
 21 
 
 October 
 I 
 
 10 
 12 
 17 
 19 
 21 
 21 
 25 
 29 
 29 
 
 Places xohere held, 
 
 Churchtown . . . 
 Ballinascreen Ist, Fri, 
 
 Garvali 
 
 Muff. . . . : . 
 Coleraine, Ist Tues* 
 Desartmartin . . . 
 Maghera Ist. Tues. 
 Dungivan, last lues. 
 Ballaghy . . . . 
 
 Figivec 
 
 Clady . . . . 
 Moneymore : . . 
 Lisane 
 
 Swatteragh . . . 
 Ballinascreen 1st, Fri 
 Tubermore - . 
 Moneymore . . 
 Dungiven, Tues. before 
 
 Christmas. 
 Desartmartin . . . 
 Maghera . , . . 
 Magherafelt . . . 
 Kilrea, JVedncs. before 
 
 Christmas, 
 
 Time. 
 
 Nov, 
 
 1 
 
 5 
 5 
 
 12 
 12 
 17 
 21 
 
 26 
 
 Dec. 
 
 11 
 
 2i 
 
 27 
 27 
 29 
 
48^ »JEW traveller's guide 
 
 COUNTY OF ARMAGH. 
 
 The County of Armagh — Is bounded on the south west 
 by Monaghan, on the west by Tyrone, on the north by Lough 
 Neagh, on the east by Down, and on the south east by Louth. 
 Its greatest extent from north to south is 24- Irish miles, and 
 from east to west 16 Irish miles. Its surface comprises 181,450 
 Irish plantation acres, including bogs, mountain and waste; 
 it contains five baronies, Fewes, Turrenny, Armagh, Orior, 
 Onealand ; which are divided into twenty-one parishes. The 
 soil is fertile, being generally composed of a rich brown loam 
 lime-stone, and lime-stone gravel, and in the marshy tracts, of 
 light moor; the waste lands of this district are inconsiderable, 
 as there are few places unfit for the purposes of husbandry • 
 its surfice is beautifully irregular, and has not been unaptly com- 
 pared to eggs placed perpendicularly in a bason of salt : it is 
 the most populous for its dimensions, and the best cultivated 
 county in Ireland. The Fews, a lofty chain of mountains, 
 range through the western and southern limits. Slieve Guil- 
 lien, situated in this county, is deemed next to Slieve Donald 
 the highest in Ulster ; the only considerable lakes within the 
 limits of the county, are Carlough and Lough Clay, whose 
 expansion in other counties would be considered comparative- 
 ly insignificant. The principal rivers which water this county 
 are the Black Water, which forms the western boundery in its 
 course through Tyrone; the upper Bann which rises in Down, 
 and at the lower extremity of the county empties itself into 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 487 
 
 Lough Neah. The Newry water, the Callen, the Tall water, 
 the Cushier, the Tynan river, the Camlough, the Newtown 
 Hamilton river, the Tara, the Fleur}^, the Fano, — these rivet's 
 are of primary importance, from the material benefits they 
 afford the extensive bleach -greens, and numerous corn milld 
 they supply i there are besides numerous streamlets, too incon- 
 siderable to be particularly specified ; the quantity of bog in 
 this county, if equally distributed, is amply sufficient to supply 
 fuel for culinary purposes. Some chalybeate springs are dis- 
 covered in the mountainous districts and on the verge of bogs, 
 deemed efficacious in scrophulous diseases. The only mine 
 as yet discovered is lead ore, in one particular district. 
 
 To Tynan hy Middleton, 
 
 (Miles) 
 
 Middleton - - - - — | 63], 
 
 Tynan - - - - 2^ | 65:| 
 
 ParUhes in the Barony of Turenny, 
 
 Eglish, 
 
 ROADS. 
 
 Middleton, — On the road le^lding from Castle Shane to 
 Tynan, stands Middleton, an irregular village, distant sixty- 
 three miles and a quarter from Dublin Castle, pleasantly 
 situated ' near a branch of the Black Water ; here is a good 
 church. 
 
 TynaUy — A small neat village, distant sixty-five miles and a 
 half from Dublin Castle, is pleasantly situated on an eminence 
 near a river of the same name ; here is an excellent church with 
 a lofty steeple ; a cross road runs right and left, the direct road 
 to Caledon ; on the road leading from Castleblaney to Armagh 
 is situated. 
 
 Keady^ — An indifferent village, distant fifty-eight miles and 
 three quarters from Dublin Castle ; it is pleasantly situated on the 
 river Callen, and crouded with mills and bleach -greens hence to 
 Armagh; here is a fine church ; there are rich lead mines in 
 
 nan. 
 
488 
 
 KEW TllAVELLJ^R'g GUIDJE 
 
 tliis vicinity, the property of the Earl of Farnham; a cross road 
 on the left leads to Tynan. On the road passing from Dun- 
 dalk to Newtown Hamilton, Armagh County commences at 
 the forty-five mile stone; across road runs to the left. At the 
 forty-six mile stone; a small lake lies on the left. On this 
 side of the forty-eight mile stone, across road sweeps to the left. 
 At the fifty mile stone, a cross road winds to the left, and a 
 little farther on, stands Fewes-barrack on the left. A little on 
 this side of the fifty-two mile stone, is situated a church on the 
 left. 
 
 J'o Tyntin hy Keady, 
 
 Keady 
 Tynan 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 61 
 
 58} 
 C5 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Fetves. 
 
 Creggan, Kilclony, Mullabrack, 
 
 Newtown Hamilton, Bailywire, LisnadiU. 
 
 Newtown Hamilton, — Is an inconsiderable village, distant 
 fifty-three miles from Dublin Castle, situated on a river of the 
 same name; a traditionary report prevails, that a sanguinary 
 battle was fought here at a banquet given by a Louth chieftain 
 to O'Neal, chief of Ulster. O'Neal's resentment was instantly 
 roused at an attempt made by his host to singe his venerable 
 beard ; a battle ensued, in which O'Neal, with many of his fol- 
 lowers, was slain. Near this village is the circumvallation of an 
 encampment, near two miles in circumference, where it is re- 
 ported the Irish besieged a large detachment of Cromwell's 
 army during the entire winter : a cross road runs right and left. 
 At the fifty-five mile stone, are the ruins of Blackbank Castle. 
 At the fifty-seven mile stone, a cross road leads to the left. At 
 the sixty mile stone, stands Lisnadill church, and a cross ro?.d 
 runs right and left- 
 
 To Charlemount hy Johnston's Fetces, 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Johnston's Fewes . . — I 50i 
 
 Newtown Hamilton . , • | 53 
 
rOK II^r.T.AND. 
 
 48 
 
 
 
 
 C ) 
 
 Blackbank 
 
 
 
 
 Armagh 
 
 
 t 4 
 
 621 
 
 Black water Town 
 
 
 44- 
 
 
 Charlemount 
 
 
 
 68^ 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Ai'nwgn. 
 
 Armagh, Derrynoosc, Kea(]y, Grange, 
 
 AnnagJi, — An ancient celebrated city, distant sixty-two mllec 
 and a quarter from Dublin Castle, is the metropolitan see of ivi 
 Ireland, and the shire and assizes town of this county ; it is 
 delightfully situated on the aclivity of a lofty eminence, round 
 whose base the river Callen winds in its progress towards' the 
 Black-water. The public buildings are mpJcrn, and elegant 
 structures; the archiopiscopal palace, the college, or rather the 
 royal school, the library, and the observatory, were all erected 
 at the private expence of the munificent primate, Robinsofi, 
 Baron Uockeby ; under whose fostering care and liberal indul- 
 gence, Armagh assumed an elegant appearance in the regularity 
 of its streets, and uniformity of its dwellings; and is now justly 
 esteemed the neatest inland town in Ireland. Here are a bar- 
 rack, a charter scliool, an infirmary, and a goal built in a corres- 
 ponding stile of simple architecture. Tl'C civil government h 
 vested in a r^overcign, and freemen. The venerable cathedraj, 
 situated on the summit of the hill, forms a conspicuous object, 
 visible at a considerable distance. The see was founded by St. 
 Patrick, about the year 41'5. Both the town and the cathedral 
 were frequently plundered by the piratical Danes, the inhabi- 
 tants massacred, and the records destroyed. The chathedral re- 
 presents the form of a cross, and a square tower of a well pro- 
 portioned elevation rises from the points of intersection. In the 
 year 1013, the bodies of Brian Boromh, and his son Michard, 
 together with tlie heads of Conang his nephew, and Mothlan, 
 prince of Decies, who fell in the battle of Clontarf, were remov- 
 ed here from the abbey of Swords. In the year 1142, it was 
 constituted an archbishopric, which dignity it still retains. In 
 the year 1262 it was rebuilt, in nearly its present form ; several 
 monastic institutions were founded here at dillerent periods, of 
 which, the Augiistin monastery dedicated to St. Peter, and St. 
 Paul, continued for many ages, the most celebrated ecclesiast cal 
 establishment in Christendom, This town sends one member to 
 \he Imperial Parliament. The road from Keady unites on ihe 
 
 3 
 
4»0 
 
 KEW TRAVELLEPi-'s GUIDE 
 
 left ; three cross roads sweep off on the right, and one on the 
 loft leads to Tynan. A road issues from the northern extremis 
 ty of the town, leading to Charlemount. At the sixty-three 
 mile stone, a cross road on the right leads to Lough Gall, 
 the sixty-five mile stone, a cross road sweeps to the right. At 
 the sixty-six mile stone, a cross road runs to the right, and a 
 little farther on, another on the left leads to Tynan. 
 
 To Armagh hy Keady, 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Keady . . , . , . — I 58$ 
 Armagh . . . . . 3| | 62^ 
 
 Black-Water Town^ — Is a small village distant sixty-six miles 
 and a half from Dublin Castle, pleasantly situated on the eas- 
 tern bank of the Black-water. ^ bridge on the left crosses the 
 Black-water, At the sixty-seven mile stone, a small lake stands 
 on the rioht. 
 
 Charlernount^ — Is a small town, distant sixty-eight miles and 
 a quarter from Dublin Castle, pleasantly situated on the eastern 
 bank of the Black- water, over which the road crosses by a stone 
 bridge, into the county of Tyrone. Here is a fort in very good 
 repair, and a barrack for three companies of foot, over which a 
 military governor presides. The civir government is vested in 
 a portrieve. It gives the title of Earl to the noble family of 
 jCaufield. It was a borough previous to the Union. A cross 
 ^'oad runs to the right. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Orior. 
 
 Forkhiil, Killeavy, Tanderagee, 
 
 Jonesborough, Loughgilly, Camlaght, 
 Drumbanagher Muilavilly. 
 
 On the road passing from Dundalk to Forkhiil, Armagh 
 County commences at the forty-four mile stone. 
 
 ForJchilU — Is a pleasant village, distant forty-five miles and a 
 half from Dubhn Castle, situated on a branch of the Dundalk 
 river. Here is a barrack always garrisoned. A cross road runs 
 right and left. At the forty-six mile stone, a cross road runs 
 \o the right, and a church stands on the left. At the fifty-one 
 riiile stone, a cross road runs right and left. A little beyond 
 
ton lilELAND. 
 
 49i 
 
 the fifty-three itiile stone, a cross road rims right and left. At 
 the fifty-four mile stone, a cross road leads to the right. At the 
 fifty-five mile stone, stands Loughshaws on the left* 
 
 To Charhmount by ForJchilk 
 
 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 ForkhiU 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 Dromolly 
 
 
 
 504 
 
 Mawhan 
 
 
 52 
 
 56} 
 
 Market Hill 
 
 
 11 
 
 58 
 
 Hamilton's Bawn 
 
 • 
 
 
 60^ 
 
 Rich Hill 
 
 
 If 
 
 621 
 
 Charlemoimt 
 
 
 6t 
 
 68| 
 
 Ma^wJian^ — Is a small village, distant fifty-six miles and a 
 quarter from Dublin CastlCj situated on the Keadybeg river ; 
 a cross road on the right sweeps to Newry. 
 
 Market Hill^ — Is a thriving town pleasantly situated on an 
 eminence, distant fifty-eight miles and a quarter from Dublin 
 Castle ; it is the principal stage between Armagh, and Newry. 
 Here is a neat session house. 
 
 Cattle Gosford, — Lord Gosford's family mansion, stands con- 
 tiguous to the town, encircled by an extensive and well fringed 
 demesne. About a mile from the town is Draper's Hill, rescued 
 from oblivion by the writings of Dean Swift. A cross road 
 runs right and left. On this side of the fifty-nine mile stone, 
 a cross road winds to the right. And a little beyond the fifty nine 
 mile stone, Mullybrack church stands on the right. 
 
 Hamilton's Bawji, — Distant sixty miles and a half from Dublin 
 Castle, is a large well built village ; here is a good barrack. A 
 cross road on the left leads to Armagh, and another on the right 
 to Clare village, distant sixty-four miles and three quarter from 
 Dublin Castle. 
 
 To Charlemount hy Rich HilL 
 
 Rich Hill - ^ - - — 62* 
 
 Lough Gall - - - - - 8} 66 
 
 Charlemount - - * - QQk 
 
-ShW TKAVLLLEll'b GUIDE 
 
 Parishes in the BaroriTj of 0' Nealand. 
 
 IShaiikill, Segoc, Kilmore, 
 
 Mointaglis, Diiimcreej Loughgall, 
 
 'i'artaraghan. 
 
 Hich Hill, — Is a small village, distant sixty-two miles and a 
 quarter from Dublin Castle ; a cross road on the left leads to 
 Armagh, and another on the right to Portadown, At the sixty- 
 ihree mile stone, stands Castle Dillon, the beautiful residence 
 of Sir Capel Molyneux, baronet ; the demesne is extensive and 
 ornamented with forest trees; there is a handsome sheet of water 
 overflowing an extensive marsh, skirting the base of a hill co- 
 vered with a very thriving plantation. 
 
 Lough Gall^ — Is a small village distant sixty-six miles from 
 Dublin Castle ; hei'e is a neat plain church. The road from 
 Armagh unites on the left, and a cross road on the right leads 
 to Portadown. On this side of the sixty-eight mile stone, the 
 road crosses the river Callen, and thence approaches Charlc- 
 mount already noticed. 
 
 Joiusborough^ — Distant forty-five miles and three quarters 
 from Dublin Castle, is situated on a river of the same name, 
 which forms the boundary of the county in this direction ; to 
 the left of this village, at an inconsiderable distance, is situated 
 the lofty Slieve Guillian. At the forty-six mile stone, the road 
 forks into two branches, that on the right leads to Narrow Wa- 
 ter, and the other on the left to Newry. At the forty-nine mile 
 btone, a cross road sweeps to the left. On the western bank of 
 Kewry bridge, the county terminates, where the roads issuing 
 from Castleblaney and Armagh, with all the intervening ramifi- 
 cations conterminate; a road runs from Newry on the western 
 bank of the canal, and nearly hi a parallel direction to Lui'gan, 
 situated in the northern extremity of the county. Near the 
 fifty-two mile stone, the road forks into two branches, that on 
 the right leads to Miltown, and the other on the left to 
 
 Fortnorris Fillage, — ^Distant fifty-three miles from Dublin 
 Castle. 
 
 Jdo?i, — Is a small village, distant fifty-eight miles from Dub- 
 lin Castle ; a cross road on the left leads to Clare village, and 
 another on the right runs to Pointspass, the scene of many 
 smguinary battles, during the internal dissensions of feudai 
 chieftainsj and the cival wars cf this distracted island. 
 
F.OR IRELANJ). 
 
 493 
 
 To Lurgan by Tanderaga* 
 
 Miles. 
 
 Tanderagee - - - — 61 2 
 
 Portadown - - 4| 65| 
 
 Lurgan - - - - 5 704 
 
 Taiideragee, — Is a very considerable village, distant sixty-one 
 milrs and a quarter from Dublin Castle ; the linen manufacture 
 is vigorously carried on here, and the proximity of the Newry 
 Canal, materially contributes to its conveniences ; the road from 
 Clare village unites on the left. 
 
 Portadown, — Is a considerable town, distant sixty-five miles 
 and a quarter from Dublin Castle, agreeably situated on the 
 western bank of the upper Bann. The road from Rich Hill 
 unites on the left. 
 
 To Lurgafi by Banbridge, 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Banbridge in the county of Down I 
 Lurgan - - - 7 | 67^ 
 
 Lurgan, — Distant sixty-seven miles and a half from Dublin Cas- 
 tle, IS a large town principally composed of a long wide street, kept 
 remarkably clean and neat. The linen manufacture is extensively 
 carried on here. The church is spacious, and ornamented with 
 a lofty spire. Contiguous to the town is the delightful residence 
 of the Right Honourable William Browlow, proprietor of the 
 town. A road winds on the left, along the southern shore of 
 Lough Neagh to Banfoot Ferry. All the roads from Down 
 conterminate on the right. This line of country is extremely 
 well fortified by nature, and was selected by O'Neal, as a most 
 formidable position in his obstinate rebelHon against the English 
 Government. The demarcations of the entrenchments are still 
 called Tyrone's ditches. It is only necessary to remark, that 
 the linen manufacture universally flourishes in every corner of 
 this district, and that every peasant is a weaver, and every fe- 
 male a spiniicr. The fruits of this industry are a comfortable 
 competency, and civilized habits, rarely known in many other 
 counties. Lough Neagh is an immense sheet of water, which 
 may be termed a fresh water sea; its superficial contents taken 
 
 at ordinary high water mark, is computed to contain 60,36 1 
 
494 
 
 NEW TRAVELLfitl's QUn)E 
 
 acres Irish plantation measure. Its length is stated by Mr 
 Lindrick, to be fifteen Irish miles, by seven in breadth. Its 
 shores, water five counties, viz. Armagh, Tyrone, London- 
 derry, Antrim, and Down ; where the shores are flat, they are 
 inundated by the overflowing of the lake, to a very considerable 
 extent. This extraordinary elevation of water, is caused by the 
 lake's being continually supplied by the accumulated streams of 
 six considerable rivers, and four of inferior magnitude, besides 
 numerous streamlets, which contribute proportionably to tl^ir 
 limited extent, and there being only one contracted outlet to 
 discharge the superabundant mass. This lake abounds with 
 all kinds of fish common to fresh water, besides a particular 
 species, called a Dolachan, is peculiar to this lake. There are 
 only two small islands to diversify the uniformity of its surface. 
 Pebbles capable of receiving the finest polish are collected on 
 these shores. Healing and petrifying qualities are attributed to 
 its waters, or its soil, or its exhalations, or some other occult 
 causes, and consequently very marvelous reports are industri- 
 ously circulated in attestation and confirmation of alledged ef- 
 fects actually produced. Let naturalists demonstrate, if they 
 can, the causes which generate the absolute transmutation of 
 fossils or of metals. Sed adhuc^ sub judice lis est, and like a 
 chancery suit, much time must elapse before the controvercy 
 can be decisively concluded. 
 
JOn IRELANO. 
 
 495 
 
 A Table of Fairs heid in this County in every month of the 
 
 year. 
 
 Places where held, 
 
 Keady - Fridaij 
 Pointspass I sf Saturday 
 Balnaglera- - - - 
 Market-hill 3d Friday 
 Surgowna - - - - 
 Maghery - - - - 
 Killilea - Last Friday 
 N. T. Hamilton Last 
 Saturday 
 
 Keady - 2d Friday 
 Pointspass I si Saturday 
 Belleek - . - . 
 Middletown - - • 
 ISIarket Hill 3d Friday 
 Portn orris - - - 
 Rich Hill Shrove Tens 
 day 
 
 Killilea - Last Friday 
 N. T. Hamilton Last 
 
 Saturday 
 Cross Wednesday after 
 
 Candlemass 
 
 Keady - 2d Friday 
 Pointspass \st Satur 
 Market Hill 3d Friday 
 Cross Wednesday before 
 
 Patrick's Day 
 Ballybought - - 
 Armagh - - - 
 Killilea - Last Friday 
 N. T. Hamilton J^ast 
 
 Saturday 
 
 Time. 
 Ja7U 
 
 12 
 31 
 
 Feb. 
 
 12 
 
 March. 
 
 23 
 28 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Keady - 2d Friday 
 Pointspass 15/ Satur. 
 Market Hill 3d Friday 
 Tuskins Pass - - - 
 Culloville - - - - 
 Maghery - - ~ - 
 Killilea - Last Friday 
 Cross Last Wednesday 
 
 Fork Hill - - - 
 Keady - 2d Friday 
 Tanderagee IstWednes 
 Market Hill 3d Friday 
 Partadown Whit Man 
 day 
 
 Pointspass 1st Satur. 
 Belleek - - - 
 Middleton ^ - 
 Acton - - - - 
 Charlemount - - 
 Clare - - - - 
 Portnorris - - 
 Surgowna - - - 
 Armagh - - - 
 Culloville - - - - 
 Louijh Gall Ascension 
 
 Thursday 
 Johnston's Bridge 
 Hamilton;s Bavvu 
 Cross - - - - • 
 Killilea Last Friday 
 N. T. Hamilton La%t 
 
 Saturday 
 
 i 
 
 Time. 
 
 ApriU 
 
 19 
 26.& 27 
 30 
 
 May. 
 
 % 
 4? 
 4 
 12 
 12 
 14. 
 14. 
 20 
 20 
 
 25 
 24 
 
 m 
 
NEW TKAVELLER S GUIDE 
 
 1 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 1 
 
 Keaily . Fridm/ 
 Market Hill M Friday 
 Portadown Whit, Mon- 
 daij 
 
 Pointspass 1st Sa- 
 
 tiirday 
 Jonesborough 
 Balnaglera . 
 
 Time: 
 
 June, 
 
 CulloviUe . . . 
 Bally bought . . 
 Maghery , • . 
 Killilea last Friday 
 N. T. Hamilton Last 
 
 Saturday 
 Cross Wednesdai^ before 
 Mid Summer 
 
 Lough Gall . . 
 Portadown \st Monday 
 Ready . 2d Friday 
 Pointspass Satur. 
 Tanderagee , . . 
 Armagh .... 
 Market Hill 2d Friday 
 Portnorris . . . 
 Rich Hill , . . 
 Killilea - Last Friday 
 N. T. Hamilton Last 
 Saturday 
 
 Forkhill . . . 
 Portadown I5/ Monday 
 Kea(iy . 2d Friday 
 Pointspass Ist Satur 
 
 Belleek 
 
 Cross 
 
 Lurgan 
 
 4 
 
 8 
 19 
 
 22 
 24. 
 
 Aug, 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Middlctown . . 
 Market Hill 3d Friday 
 Armaojh . . 
 Balnaglera .... 
 Jonesborough . . . 
 Killilea Last Friday 
 N. T. Hamilton Last 
 Saturday 
 
 Portadown . 1^^ Mon. 
 Keady . 2d Friday 
 Pointspass 1st Satur. 
 
 Cross 
 
 Lough Gall . . . 
 Market Hill 3d Friday 
 Middletown . . . 
 Fork-hill .... 
 Ballybought 1st Teus- 
 
 day after the 20tk 
 Killilea Last Friday 
 N. T. Hamilton Last 
 
 Satur dav 
 
 Portadown Ist Mon. 
 Keady . 2 Friday 
 Pointspass Satur. 
 Armagh Te7is. hef. 10^/^| 
 Balnaglera . . . . | 
 
 Norris 
 
 Market Hill 3d Friday 
 Rich-hill .... 
 Jonesborough . . ♦ 
 CuUoville .... 
 Maghery .... 
 Killilea . Last Friday 
 Cross Wednesday after 
 Michelmas 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 497 
 
 Places where held, 
 
 Keady . 2d Friday 
 Pointspass Is^ Safur, 
 Middleton .... 
 
 Belleek 
 
 Tanderagee . . . 
 Balnagera . • • . 
 Tusk ins Pass . . . 
 Market Hill 3c? Friday, 
 Cliarlemont . . . 
 Portadowii .... 
 Armagh .... 
 Ballibought 15^ Teusday 
 after 22d 
 
 Lurgan 
 
 Hamilton's Bawn 
 Middletown . . . 
 KiJlilea . Last Friday 
 
 Time. 
 
 Nov, 
 
 3 
 3 
 5 
 8 
 8 
 
 12 
 13 
 
 20 
 
 22 
 26 
 28 
 
 Places where held, 
 
 N. T. Hamilton Last 
 
 Saturday 
 Cross Wedjiesday after 
 Hallowtide 
 
 Portadown 1st Monday 
 Keady . 2d Friday 
 Pointspass Satur 
 Jonesborough . . . 
 Fork-hill .... 
 Balnaglera .... 
 Market Hill 3d Friday 
 
 Cross 
 
 Kill ilea . Last Friday 
 N. T. Hamilton Last 
 Saturday 
 
 Time, 
 
 Nov» 
 
 3 
 8 
 11 
 
 16 
 
 3 s 
 
498 
 
 NEV/ TaAVELLEIl's GUIDJS 
 
 COUNTY OF BOWN. 
 
 The County of Down, — Is bounded on the east by St* 
 George's Channel, on the south by Louth, on the west by 
 Armagh, and on the north by Antrim. Its ^greatest extent 
 irora north to South, is about forty Irish miles, and from 
 east to west, about thirty-one Irish miles. Its superfices compris- 
 es 348,500 acres, Irish plantation measure, including bogs, 
 mountain and waste. It contains eight baronies, and the Lord- 
 ship of Newry, Upper Iveagh, Lower Iveagh, Castlereagh, 
 Ardes, Kinalarty Leceale, Dufferin, and Mourne, which are dis- 
 tributed into thirty-eight parishes. Although the soil must vary 
 proportionably to the inequality of the surface, through every 
 gradation of variety, still the most predominant is loam of a 
 good quality, intermixed with a considerable quantity of stones 
 of various sizes. The moory soil is confined to the mountainous 
 tracts which chiefly lie in the southern and detached barony 
 of Mourne. Lead and copper ores have been found in many 
 places, but neither iron nor coal have been hitherto discovered, 
 although ochreous earths abound in various districts. There 
 are numerous fine free-stone and slate quarries ; lime stone is 
 very general in the vicinity of Moira, granite, schist, and slate, 
 ^re the only kinds of stone in the barony of Mourne, and the 
 Lordship of Newry. The mineral waters are sulphureous and 
 chalybeate, differing in the strength of impregnation. The 
 ]jrincipal rivers are the Ban, the Lagan, the Newry, and Bal- 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 4.99 
 
 iynabincli, besides numerous streams, rills, and gullies issuing 
 in all directions from the hills and mountains. A great variety 
 of small lakes is sprinkletl through the county, which materi - 
 ally contribute to beautify the diversified scenery. It is suppos- 
 ed, that this country was reduced into a shire in the reign of 
 Queen Elizabeth; yet it appears, that John de Mandeville 
 was constituted sheriff of Down and Newtown, by patent in the 
 year 1325. The linen manufacture is most exteivively establi- 
 shed through every part of this wealthy county. 
 
 Parish in the Lordship of Ni-K^rif^ 
 
 Newry. 
 
 Nemy, — Distant fifty miles and a half from the Cas- 
 tle of Dublin, is pleasantly situated on the Newry water, over 
 which two stone bridges are erected. It is the most conside- 
 rable trading town in this county. In 1175, Maurice Mac 
 Lauglin, King of Ireland, founded an abbey here, to which 
 great privileges and endowments were granted, and afierwardri 
 confirmed by Hugh de Lacy, Earl of Ulster in 1237. The 
 abbot exerted episcopal jurisdiction over the lordships of New- 
 ry and Mourne, which exemption is now enjoyed by the lay 
 proprietor, who grants marriage licencies, probats, &c. under 
 the original monkish seal. No writs can be executed by the 
 sheriff within the limits of his jurisdiction, without his concur- 
 rence. In 1543, the abbey was converted into a collegiate 
 church for secular priests, by Heniy the Eighth, but it was 
 totally dissolved by Edward the Sixth, and the abbey with all 
 its appurtenances, was granted to Sir Nicholas Bagnal, Mar- 
 shall of Ireland, who converted the abbey into 'a private resi- 
 dence, built some strong castles, repaired the town, and thus 
 laid the foundation of its subsequent prosperity. The church 
 situated on an eminence at the extremity of the town, w^is 
 burned in the rebellion of 1641, but after" the Restoration, it 
 was partially repaired. In 1689, the Duke of Berwick, to sc* 
 cure his retreat to Dundalk from the English forces, command* 
 ed by Duke Schomberg, burned the town. The electors are de- 
 nominated pot-wallopers, and return one member to the Im- 
 perial Parliament. At a place called Brown Bridge, about one 
 mile from the town, is a Danish rath, delightfully situated on the 
 brink of a river. The roads from Castloblaney and Armagh 
 unite on the left, and the roads leading to Ross Trevor and 
 Uownpatrick, issue on the right. A canal is cut from Ncwr^ 
 
500 
 
 KEW TRAVEJ^LEr's GUIDE 
 
 to Lough Neagh ; at the fifty-third mile stone, the road crosses 
 the Newry Water ; on this side of fifty-fifth mile stone, stands 
 Donaghmore Church, and a cross road riuis to Rathfryland on 
 the riffht. 
 
 Parishes in ike Barony of Upper Iveagh, 
 
 Kilcoe, 
 
 Kileegan, 
 
 Kilcoo, 
 
 Maghera, 
 
 Anaghclone, 
 
 Clonallan, 
 Drumgoland, 
 Kilbroney, 
 Aghaderrikj 
 
 Donaghmore, 
 Drum bally roney, 
 Drumgath, 
 Clonduff: 
 
 LoughbricMand^ — Distant fifty-eight miles and a quarter from 
 the Castle of Dublin, consists of one broad street, at the end of 
 ■which, stands the church supposed to have been built by Dr. 
 Taylor, when consecrated Bishop of Dromore after the Res- 
 toration. The Ulster annals ^alledge, that the piratical Danes 
 were defea^d by M'Lonich near this town. In ] 690, King 
 William the Third, of glorious and immortal memory, encamp- 
 ed on the skirts of this town in the direction of Scarvah, and 
 Points passes; two roads unite on the left; a lake and a cross 
 road lie to the right ; the road issuing from the lower extremity 
 of the town, forks into two branches, that on the right leading to 
 Baubridge, and the other on the left to Guilford; at the sixti- 
 eth mile stone, a cross road runs right and left; at the sixty-first 
 mile stone, the road from Scarvah unites on the left. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Loxaer Jveagh 
 Annahilt, 
 
 Doonahloney, 
 
 Dromore, 
 
 Hillsborough, 
 
 Magheraghlin, 
 Dromaragh, 
 Garvaghy, 
 Magherally, 
 
 Seapatrick, 
 Tullylish, 
 Moira, 
 
 To Moira hy Newty, 
 
 Newry 
 
 Louglibrickland 
 
 Guilford 
 
 Warringstown 
 
 Maheraghlin 
 
 Moira 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 
 50t 
 
 71 
 
 581 
 
 4 
 
 62i 
 
 4| 
 
 66| 
 
 1 
 
 67f 
 
 
 
FOR IRELAND, 
 
 501 
 
 Guilford i — Distant sixty- two miles anil a qiinrter from the 
 Castle of Dublin, is pleasantly situated on the Upper Ban, over 
 which a bridge, consisting of twenty-two arches is erected; the 
 linen trade flourishes most extensively here ; there is a strong 
 chalybeate spa near this town. It gives the title of Baron to 
 the family of Meath ; two roads issue from this town, that on the 
 left leads to to Portadown, and the other on the right to War- 
 ringstown ; at die sixty-fourth mile stone, the road from Tan- 
 deragee unites on the left ; at the sixty-fifth mile stone, a cross 
 road runs to the right. 
 
 JVarringsiowTi, — Distant sixty-six miles and three quarters 
 from the Castle of Dubhn, is a small neat town, were the linen 
 manufacture is extensively conducted. The church is roofed 
 with Irish Oak. Near this town is a Danish rath, where some 
 curious relics were discovered in 1684?; here the road forks 
 into two branches, that on the left leads to Lurgan, and the 
 other on the right to Maheraghlin village, distant sixty-seven 
 miles and three quarters from the Castle of Dublin. A cvo^ 
 road runs to the left, and another on the right leads to Moira. 
 
 BanbridgCf — Distant sixty miles and a half from the Castle 
 of Dublin, is pleasantly situated on the river Ban. Linen fairs 
 are held here ; two roads unite on the left, and a cross road runs 
 to the right ; at the sixty-second mile stone, stands Magherally 
 village, the church stands on the right, and a cross road runs 
 to the right ; on this side of the sixty -fourth mile stone, a small 
 lake lies on the right. 
 
 Dromore Village, — Distant sixty-six miles from the Castle 
 of Dublin, is pleasantly situated on the river Lagan. It is an 
 ancient episcopal see, founded by St. Colman in the sixth cen- 
 tury. The cathedral is very small, but the episcopal residence 
 is a neat convenient modern edifice : here are two meeting 
 houses, a Diocesan school, and a neat market-house erected oil 
 arches, where considerable quantities of linens are sold on mar- 
 ket and fair days. An abbey for regular canons was founded 
 here by St. Col man. On the 24th of June 1690, King Wil- 
 liam the Third marched through this town to command the 
 British forces. On a hill at the north end of the town, is a Da- 
 nish rath, conspicuous at a great distance, from which issues a 
 covered way to the river Lagan, two hundred and sixty feet 
 long, seven feet wide, and nine feet deep : here is a chalybeate 
 spring deemed efficacious in gravelly complaints. In 178i^, the 
 horns of a mouse-deer were dug in the see lands, measuring 
 from tip to tip, fourteen feet six inches ; and also the enormous 
 skeleton of an animal supposed to wear them. The roads from 
 
50-2 
 
 KEW tRAV£lX£R*a GUIDE 
 
 Ratlifryland, Castlcwcllan, and Ballynahinch unite on the 
 right; a crossroad runs to Guilford on the left; two roads issue 
 from this town, that on the right leads to Hillsborough, and the 
 other on the left to Moira Village, distant sixty-nine miles and 
 one quarter from the Castle of Dublin : here are an handsome 
 church, a charity school, and two dissenting meeting-houses ; a 
 monthly market for the sale of linens is established here; near 
 this town stands Moira Castle, the former residence of the noble 
 house of Moira. It gives the title of Earl to the family of 
 Rawden. A sanguinary battle is traditionally reported to have 
 been fought here in 637, between the exiled Congal Cloan, and 
 Donald King of Ireland, which continued with various success 
 for six days, when Congal was ultimately vanquished. Two 
 roads issue on the right, one leading to Hillsborough, and the 
 other to Lisburn ; a little farther on, the county terminates in 
 this direction. On the road leading from Dromore to Hillsbo- 
 rough, at the sixty-seventh mile stone, a cross road runs to the 
 left ; at the sixty-eight mile stone, a small lake lies on the right, 
 snd another on the left. * 
 
 To MoirOf hy houghhriclcland. 
 
 Loughbrickland 
 Banbridge 
 Dromore 
 Moira 
 
 ( Milts*. ) 
 
 58 
 60? 
 
 66 
 69^' 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Castlereagh. 
 
 Drnmbeg, 
 Drumbo, 
 Drumdonald. 
 Kilmore, 
 
 Knockbreda, 
 Killauy, 
 Kilmud, 
 Saintfield, 
 
 Tullynakik 
 
 Cumber, 
 
 Hollywood, 
 
 Hillsborough^ — Distant sixty-nine miles and a half from the 
 Castle of Dublin, is a neat modern built town, agreeably situ- 
 ated on a lofty eminence : here is an excellent inn, and a very 
 thriving manufacture of Muslins. The church is magnificent, 
 having a lofty spire and many windows of stained glass, all com- 
 pleted at the private expence of the late munificent Earl of 
 Hillsborough. Near this town is the magnificent residence of 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 503 
 
 the Most Noble the Marquis of Downshire, to which family 
 this town gives the title of Earl. It was a borough previous 
 to the Union, returning two members to the Irish Parlia- 
 ment. Near the town is a small ancient castle still kept in re- 
 pair ; two cross roads issue on the left, and another on the 
 right leads to Downpatrick ; at the seventy-third mile stone, 
 the road crosses the Blaris river, the Lagan river and canal lie 
 on the left ; at the seventy-third mile stone, a bridge across the 
 Lagan communicates with Lisburn, situated on the Antrim side 
 of the river, and two cross roads run to the right ; a little be- 
 yond the seventy-fourth mile stone, stand the ruins of Hill Hall 
 Castle on the right ; at the seventy-fifth mile stone, stands Drum- 
 beg Churcli ; a cross road runs to the left, and a little farther on, 
 Drumbo Church ; a round tower stands on the right ; and a lit- 
 tle beyond the seventy-sixth mile stone, a cross road sweeps to 
 the left, and a little beyond the seventy-seventh mile stone, the 
 road crosses the Drumbo river. 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 
 66 
 
 Si 
 
 69k 
 
 6k 
 
 75 
 
 9i 
 
 84| 
 
 5k 
 
 90 
 
 & 
 
 95 
 
 To DonagJiadee hy Dromore, 
 
 Dromore as before 
 Hillsborough 
 
 Drumbeg . , 
 
 Hollywood 
 Bangor 
 Donaghadee 
 
 Newtown Breda, — Distant seventy-eight miles from the 
 Castle of Dublin, is a small village, where there is an elegant 
 church adorned with a steeple and spire, whose exact architec- 
 tural proportions attract the admiration of every tasteful and 
 intelligent beholder. Near this village is situated Belvoir, the 
 magnificent residence of Lord Dangannon. 
 
 Calmally, — Is a small village, distant seventy-nine miles 
 from the Castle of Dublin. At the eightieth mile stone, a 
 magnificent bridgo thrown across the Lagan, communicates 
 with Belfast, situated on the Antrim side of the river ; at the 
 eighty-second mile stone, the road forks into two branches, that 
 on the right leading to Newtown Ardes, and the other on the 
 left to Bangor. 
 
 //o%ttJooi/,~Distant eighty-four miles and a half from the 
 Castle of Dublin, is a small village pleas^antly situated on the 
 
NEW traveller's CUllDE 
 
 southern shore of Belfast Lough, abounding with muscles, on 
 which the peasantry plentifully feed. 
 
 To Donagh'adee hy HilUhorougli, 
 
 Hillsborough as before 
 Newtown Breda 
 Calwally 
 Newtown Ardes 
 Donaghadee 
 
 (Miles) 
 
 69i 
 
 8i 78 
 
 1 79 
 
 8| 87? 
 
 61 94i 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Ardes, 
 
 Ardquin, 
 
 Ballyphilip, 
 
 Witter, 
 
 Donaghadee, 
 St. Andrews, 
 Bangor, 
 
 Gray Abbey, 
 Ardes. 
 
 Bangor^ — Distant ninety miles from the Castle 'of Dublin, 
 is pleasantly situated on the south side of Carrickfergus Bay : 
 here stood a celebrated abbey, founded by St. Congal, about 
 the year 555. The traces of its foundation, testify its ancient 
 splendour and extent. The present church erected within the 
 precincts of the abbey, is adorned with a lofty steeple. This 
 town was the principal residence of the Hamiltons, Lords of 
 Clanebois, a descendant of which family was afterwards created 
 Earl of Clanbrassil. The English army commanded by Duke 
 Schomberg, landed here in 1689. The harbour is deemed 
 safe and commodious. It gives the title of Viscount to the fa- 
 mily of Ward, whose superb residence lies contiguous. This 
 town was a borough previous to the Union, returning two 
 members to the Irish Parliament. The roads from Newtown Ar- 
 des and Donaghadee meet here. On the road branching to New- 
 town Ardes ; a little beyond the eighty-second mile stone, 
 stand the ruins of Knock Castle on the right ; at the eighty- 
 fourth mile stone, Dondonald Church is situated o» the right, 
 and a cross road runs right and left. 
 
 Newtown Ardes, — Distant eighty-seven miks and a half 
 from the Castle of Dublin, is delightfully situated on the nor- 
 thern point of Lough Strangford. The tide flows up to the 
 walls of the town. An extensive diaper factory is estabhshed 
 here by the quakers. The church is a venerable structure of 
 ihe Doric order. There are two meeting houses. The ci- 
 
/fi fi, .r^,/^3i-> /}u>u' Sf. 
 
» 
 
 m II8HA8Y 
 
 OF ini 
 
roit IRELAND. 
 
 503 
 
 <il govemment is vested in a provost, burgesses, and commo- 
 nalty. In 1244, a monastery was founded here by Waiter de 
 Burgli, Earl of Ulster. At the general suppression of monas- 
 tic institutions, this abbey and all its possessions, were granted 
 by James the First, to James Viscount Claneboys. This pro- 
 perty afterwards by assignment, fell into the possession of 
 Montgomery Viscount Ardes. It was a borough previous to 
 the Union, returning two members to the Irish Parliament. 
 The road from Portaferry unites on the right, and the road on 
 the left leads to Bangor; at the ninetieth mile stone, a wind- 
 mill stands on the left ; on this side of the ninety-first mile stone, 
 a cross road winds to the left ; at the ninety-third mil« stone, 
 the road from Bangor unites on the left. 
 
 Donaghadee, — Distant ninety-four miles and a quarter from 
 the Castle of Dublin, is a very extensive town, consisting of 
 two large main streets, intersected by cross lanes. The church 
 is situated on an eminence^ and built in the form of a cross : 
 here are two meeting houses. Its chief trade consists in ex- 
 porting live stock to Scotland : here the pacquets plying from 
 Portpatrick in Scotland, distant only ten leagues, land. The 
 quay constructed in the form of a crescent, is one hundred 
 and twenty-eight yards long, and proportionably wide and sub- 
 stantial. On the north east side of the town, stands a conical 
 hill one hundred and forty feet high, and two hundred and 
 nineteen feet in circumference on the summit, from which many 
 parts of Scotland, and of the Isle of Man, may be distinctly de- 
 scried in clear weather. In the middle ages, a celebrated school 
 or university was established here, which was destroyed by the 
 piratical Danes in 837. On the road leading from Dromore to 
 Ballynahinch ; on this side of the seventieth mile stone, a cross 
 road runs right and left, and a little farther on, a small lake lies 
 on the left. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony Kinalarty, 
 ' Loughlin Island, Magheradrol. 
 
 Ballynahinch, — Distant seventy-four miles from Dulj|in Castle, 
 is a small neat village, centrally situated among coarse and 
 rocky hills; its public buildings are a church, a charter school, 
 and a meeting house; the Earl of Moira had a seat near this 
 village. Within two miles of the town there is a sulphureous 
 chalybeate spa, deemed efficacious in several complaints; siK 
 
506 
 
 NEW traveller's guide 
 
 roads concentre at this town. On the 13th of June I TGS, a great 
 body of rebels were defeated near this town by General New- 
 gent. 
 
 Saintfield^ — Distant seventy-eight miles from Dublin Castle, 
 is a considerable village, having a church, a barrack and a 
 meeting house. On the 9th of June, a brisk skirmish took 
 place between a party of yeomen and the rebels, v/ken, the latter 
 from the preponderating superiority of numbers, obtained the 
 advantage and took temporary possession of the town. Two cross 
 roads sweep off on the right, one leading to Downpatrick and the 
 other to Killyleagh, and two roads wind on the left, one leading 
 to Hillsborough and the other to Lisburn ; at the eighty-one 
 mile stone a cross road runs right and left. 
 
 Cumber village^ — Distant eighty-four miles from Dublin 
 Castle, u pleasantly situated on the north western verge of lake 
 Strangfortl. In 1199 an abbey of Cistertian monks was found- 
 ed here by Brian Catha Dun, who was slain in 1201, by Sir 
 John de Coursey ; from this Brian descended the O'Neils of 
 Claneboys : here are the ruins of Mount Alexander Castle, the 
 ancient residence of the Earls of Mount Alexander r near this 
 town is a fine race course : a cross road on the right leads to Killy- 
 leagli and another on the left runs to Belfast : the direct road 
 leads to N. T. Ardcs, already noticed ; on the road passing from 
 Kewry to Rathfryland, on this side of the fifty-second mil(> 
 &tone, a bridge is erected on the Newry water ; on tlris side of 
 the fifty-scvcLth mile stone stands Lissize, the splendid residence 
 of Etul Clanwilliam, on the left. 
 
 To Donagh'ddee hj Dromore, 
 
 Dromore 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 
 66 
 
 Baliynahinch 
 
 - 8 
 
 7-11 
 
 Saintfield 
 
 
 78 
 
 Cuml)er 
 
 6 
 
 84 
 
 Newtov;n-Ardes 
 
 
 87f 
 
 Donashadee 
 
 o 
 
 61 
 
 
 . Hatlifryland ^ — Distant fifty-seven miles and a half from 
 Dublin Castle, is a large pleasant village, agreeably situated on 
 i^n eminence, and entirely built with free-stone, it hath a church 
 and a meeting-hoose ; on the summit of an hill are the ruins of 
 ' an old castle, the ancient residence of the Magennis's, Lords of 
 Iveali; a cross road rur\s to the right, and another on the left, 
 leads to Banbridge ; about two miles north of this town is a 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 celebrated clialybente, called Turkelly's-well, deemed very effi- 
 cacious in scrophulous diseases : at the sixtietii mile stone the 
 road forks into two branches, that on the right leading to Dun- 
 drum, and the other on the left to Castlevvellan ; at the sixtyr 
 one mile stone a small lake lies on the left, and Bailymoney, a 
 fine countiy residence, the property of the most Noble thq 
 Marquis of Downohire. 
 
 Cstlewdlan^ — Distant sixtj'-five miles from Dublin Castle, is 
 a neat villafrc situated near a lake ; here is a deli;jhtful residence 
 belonging to Lord Glerawly. This town gives the title of 
 Baron to the family of Annesley; a cross road runs right and 
 left; at the sixty-sixth mile stone the road crosses the Kilmc^an 
 river : at the sixty-seventh mile stone a cross road runs right 
 and left. 
 
 Clogh, — Distant sixty-nine miles from Dublin Castle, is a 
 small village, near which stands a Danish rath, surrounded by 
 a broad dee}> fosse, and on whose summit there is erected a 
 plain strong castle, a cross road runs right and left; at the 
 seventy-one mile stone a small lake lies on the right; at tlie 
 sc\'enty-second mile stone a cross road runs l ight and left, and 
 a little farther on are the ruins of an eld castle on the left. 
 
 Pch'isJics in the Barojiij of Leceale, 
 
 Ardglas?, Dor-n pa trick, Saul, 
 
 Bailee, Dunsport, Tercla, 
 
 Ballycultcr, Inch, Ilathmullen, 
 
 Bright, Kiiciicf, 
 
 Doxmpatricl; — Distant seventy- four miles from Dublin Castle, 
 iis the shire and assizes town of this county; it consists of four 
 main streets converging to a {)oint, intersected by lanes and 
 small streets ; its public buildings are a barrack, a goal, a court 
 bouse, a market house, a meeting house, and a diocesan school 
 b.ousc ; all spacious, commodious, and extremel}' well cal- 
 culated for their intended purposes ; it is supposed to have been 
 ♦erected into a bishoprick by St. Patrick, and a traditionary 
 report prevails, that the tutelary saint had been interred in the 
 cathedral : until tlie Reformation, five monastic institutions were 
 established in this town. In 1538 the cathedral was destroyed 
 by Leonard Lord Grey, wliich profanation constituted one of 
 the articles of impeacliment, exhibited against him. Near the 
 old abbey stood a rouad towtr, of which no vesiiges now remaij'; 
 
NEW traveller's guide 
 
 the present church is situated in another quarter of the town, 
 and was rebuilt in 1735: on a rising ground contiguous to the 
 town was erected a splendid mansion, the property of Lord 
 Cromwell, which edifice was destroyed by the insurgents in 
 the rebellion of 1611 ; on the north west end of the town, stands 
 a conical rath, sixty feet hgh, enclosed by three ramparts, one 
 of which is thirty feet broad : the circumference of the circum- 
 vallation exceeds three quarters of a mile. St. Patrick's well near 
 this town is liighly venerated by the peasantry for its supposed 
 imaginary vu"tues. The electors are denominated pot wallopers, 
 who return one member to the Imperial Parliament ; within a 
 mile of the town there is a celebrated race course, where plates 
 subscribed by the corporation of horse breeders, pursuant to a 
 charter granted by James the Second, are run for ; all the ro^da 
 itom the different approaches, concentre here. 
 
 To Cuviher hi/ Ne'-jory. 
 
 
 
 
 , (MUes ) 
 
 Newry • 
 
 
 
 
 50| 
 
 Kathiryland 
 
 
 
 7 
 
 5li 
 
 Castlewellaji 
 
 
 
 
 65 
 
 Clogh 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 69 
 
 Down pat rick 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 74 
 
 Killyleagh 
 Killinchy ^ 
 
 
 
 - 6 
 
 80 
 
 
 
 4i 
 
 84| 
 
 Climber 
 
 
 
 , 4i 
 
 49 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Dtifferin, 
 
 Killinchy, 
 
 Killyleagh. 
 
 A road issuing on the left, leads to Killyleagh ; at the seventy^ 
 fifth mile stone a cross road runs to the left ; at the seventy- 
 .sixth mile stone a cross road runs to the left ; and a church 
 stands to the left. 
 
 Killyleagh^ — Distant eighty miles from Dublin Castle, is 
 pleasantly situated on an arm of Lough Strangford, where 
 ships lie sheltered from all v>ands. The linen manufacture is 
 thrivingly established here, and its fine threads are much es- 
 teemed ; its public buildings are an handsome church, a good 
 market-house, a meeting house and a barrack. The family 
 of Hamiltonj created Lords of Cianeboysj and subsequently Eark 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 509 
 
 of Clanbrassel, had tlieu' chief residence in an ancient castle erected 
 at one extremity of the street. This town suffered most severely 
 in the rebellion of 1641. Sir Hans Sloane, the celebrated 
 naturalist and eminent physician, was born here on the 16th of 
 April 1660 : it was a borough previous to the Union, returning 
 two members to the Irish parliament. The road from Ballyna- 
 liinch unites on the left ; two roads issue from this town, one 
 leading to Saintfield and the other to Cumber; at the eighty- 
 third mile stone a cross road on the left leads to Sdntfield ; at 
 the eighty-fourth mile stone a cross road runs right and left, and 
 Killinchy church stands on the right ; at the eighty-seventh 
 mile stone a cross road sweeps to the left ; at the eighty-eighth 
 mile stone stands Cumber, already noticed. On the road lead- 
 ing from Downpatrick to Strangford, near the seventy-sixth 
 mile stone, are the ruins of an old castle on the left. 
 
 Maholp, — Is an hamlet, distant seventy-seven miles from 
 Dublin Castle ; at the seventy-ninth mile stone stands Castleward, 
 the splendid residence of Lord Bangor. 
 
 Strangford, — Distant eighty miles from Dublin Castle, is a 
 decayed but ancient town, situated on a narrow rapid inlet 
 leading to Lough Strangford; here a charter school was opened 
 in 174-8, very liberally endowed by Robert Earl of Kildare. 
 The road from Killough unites on the right. 
 
 Portaferry^ — Distant eighty miles and a lialf from Dublin 
 Castle, is situated on the northern bank of Strangford Ferry. 
 The Castle of Portafcrry was the ancient residence of the 
 family of Savage; near the church stands a chapel covered with 
 an arched roof of stone, so firmly cemented as to be impervious 
 to rain, contiguous to which there is another chapel similarjy 
 constructed ; two roads issue from this village, one on the left 
 sweeps along the shore of Lough Strangford to Newtown-Ardc?, 
 and the other on the right runs along the sea coast to Donagh- 
 adee ; at the eighty-second mile stone are the ruins of an 
 abbey on the shore of Lough Strangford. 
 
 Kirciihbin, — Distant eighty-six miles from Dublin Castle, is a 
 small village pleasantly situated on the eastern verge of Lough 
 Strangford : a cross road runs to the right. 
 
 GrcTj Abbey, — Distant eighty-nine miles from Dublin Castle, 
 is situated on the eastern shore of Lough Strangford : this spa- 
 cious and sumptuous edifice was founded in 1192 by Africa, 
 daughter of the King of Man, and wife of John de Coursey. 
 The great eastern window is a noble specimen of Gothic archi- 
 tecture ; a road on the left leads to Newtown Ardes, already 
 jwticed^ and the other on the ri^ht runs to Ballywalter village, 
 
51 a 
 
 NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 distant eighty-nine miles from Dublin Castle ; Iiere is a good 
 slate quarry. In this vicinity lies the Ciranshaw bog, containing 
 more tlian a thousand acres, which the proprietors began to 
 reclaim and improve in 174-3. 
 
 To jyonaghadee hy DownpairicJc, 
 
 Downpatrick 
 
 Ilaholp 
 
 Strangford 
 
 Ferry over to Portalerry 
 Kircubbin 
 Grey Abbey 
 Donagliadee 
 
 
 
 
 
 1\- 
 
 
 . 3 
 
 77 
 
 
 3 
 
 80 
 
 
 . 2 
 
 80| 
 
 
 6 
 
 86|: 
 
 • • 
 
 3 
 
 89^ 
 
 • • 
 
 . 6l 
 
 96 
 
 Karroiv Wafer, — Distant forty-nine miles from Dublin Castle 
 hy the mountain road passing from .Tonesborough to Narrow 
 Water Ferry, is a neat village pleasantly situated on the Nevvry 
 river; here is a strong castle, boldly situated on a rock; some 
 salt works have been erected near this town ; the communication 
 with Louth is constantly maintained by ferry-boats; a crossroad 
 runs right and left ; at the sixty-third mile stone stands Bryans- 
 ford, the delightful and sequestered residence of Lord Clair- 
 brassil ; through a well planted demesne, a beautiful river 
 meanders, exhibiting a succession of most picturesque cascades ; 
 at the sixty-fourth mile stone a cross road runs right and left, 
 and a little farther on, the rond crosses the Dundrum river ; at 
 the sixty sixth mile stone a cross road runs right and left. 
 
 JDundrum, — Distant sixty-eight miles from Dublin Castle, 
 though now a decayed village, was formerly deemed a place of 
 great importance, being protected by a strong castle boldly 
 seated on a rock, and commanding the whole bay, the ruins of 
 which still exist; this castle is supposed to have been built l)y 
 John de Coursey for the Knights Femplars, who possessed it 
 until 1313 ; it was then granted to the prior of Down, who en- 
 joyed it until the general dissolution of monastic institutions, 
 when it was transi'crred by the crown to Lord Cromwell, of 
 Oakham, whose son, Thomas, created Viscount Leceale, disposed 
 of it to Sir Francis BluridcL In 1517 the Earl of Kildare, 
 then lord deputy, wrested it from an Irish garrison, which had 
 previously expelled the Englisli settlers ; it was subsequently 
 repaired by the Magennis's and retaken by Lord Deputy Grey 
 
rOR IHELAND. 
 
 511 
 
 in 1538; it was afterwards seized by Phelim M'Ever Magen- 
 iiis, who was compelled to surrender it to Lord Mount- 
 joy, in 1601. In the rebellion of 1641, it was dismantled by 
 tlie orders of Cromwell, in which state it still remains. Three 
 roads issue from this village, that on the left leads to Clogh, the 
 centre road runs to Downpatrick, and the third on the right, 
 winds along the shore to Killough. At the sixty-nine mile 
 stone, a small lake lies to the left. At the seventy-two mile 
 itonc, stands Kathmullen church. 
 
 To Do\i:npcf.fricJc hy Narroio Water. 
 
 (Miles) 
 
 Narrow Water - - - - — 49 
 Eight-mile-bridge - - - - 6l 55} 
 Castlewellan - - - - 7^ 63 
 Downpatrick - - - - 9 72 
 
 Killough, — Distant seventy-five miles and a half from Dublin 
 Castle, is a considerable village, pleasantly situated on the sea 
 shore: it has a good ({uny and a fine harbour, where ships can 
 ride in safety ; its principal trade consists in the exportation of 
 barley. The church, and horse barrack are plain strong struc- 
 tures. Near the town, a working charter school is erected suf- 
 liciently spacious to accommodate twenty children ; near the 
 school there is a mineral spring, whose waters are affirmed to 
 be j)urgative, and emetic. Through a rock near the shore runs 
 an oblong cavity, which at the ebbing and flowing of the tide, 
 emits a noise resembling the sound of an huntsman's horn. In 
 an open field within a quarter of a mile of the town, tliere is ;i 
 curious cave, having a winding passage, which leads to a cham- 
 ber three yards in diameter, in which is a well of fine cool and 
 limped water. Two roads issue from this town, one on the left 
 leads to Downpatrick, and tlie other on the riglit to Strangford. 
 A little to the right of tiie town, are tiie rnins oFthe three Ardglass 
 castles. A little beyond the seventy-eight mile stone, Dunsford 
 church stands on the right, and a cross road runs riglit and left. 
 At the eighty-one mile stone, stands Dallyculter cliurch on the 
 right. And a little i'ai ther on, stands Killylief church on the 
 sea coast, contiguous to which arc the vmwi^ of an old castle. 
 From Narrow Water, a road on the right winds ah)ng the shore 
 to Warren's Point, a village distant fifty- five miles and a half 
 from Dublin Cattle, by Nevvry, 
 
512 
 
 iJEw traveller's quide 
 
 To Strang ford hy Rathfryland. 
 
 Rathfryland as before - 
 Bryan sford 
 Dimdrum 
 
 Killoiigh over the Strand 
 Strangford 
 
 Miles. 
 
 
 87i 
 
 
 65 
 
 3i 
 
 68i 
 
 7 
 
 75-i 
 
 6S 
 
 82^ 
 
 RosfreveTf — Is a neat little village, distant fifty-seven mile? 
 and a half from Dublin Castle ; it is delightfully encompassed 
 with lofty mountains, well planted with full grown oaks. At 
 the lower extremity of the town, there is a small quay ; the bay 
 is well sheltered, and ships may safely ride at anchor within a 
 few yards of the shore ; salt works, and pottery of white earthen 
 ware, constitute its only manufactures. A road on the left pass- 
 ing through the mountains, leads to Rathfryland ; within a mile 
 of the town are the ruins of Kilbreny church. 
 
 To Dundrian hy Newri/, 
 
 
 (Miles) 
 
 Newry, as before 
 
 
 50£ 
 
 Narrow Water 
 
 - 4 
 
 54j 
 
 Warren's point 
 
 1 
 
 5 i 
 
 Rostrevor - - - 
 
 - 2 
 
 571 
 
 Kilkeele 
 
 7i 
 
 65 
 
 Annalong - - - 
 
 - 41 
 
 691 
 
 Newcastle 
 
 6 
 
 751 
 
 Dundrum . - - 
 
 - 3^ 
 
 78| 
 
 N. B. Narrow Water is five and a half miles nearer Dublin 
 by the Ferry road. 
 
 Parish in the Barony of Mourne. 
 Kilkeele. 
 
 Kilkeele, — Distant sixty-five miles from Dublin Castle, is a 
 poor straggling village situated on the shore. 
 
 Annalong, — Distapt sixty-nine miles and a quarter from Dub- 
 
FOR IRELiLNDi 
 
 513 
 
 lin Castle, is a decayed village, situated near the shore, on a 
 river of the same name. 
 
 New Castle, — Distant seventy-five miles and a quarter from 
 Dublin Castle, is an inconsiderable village, situated on the shore ; 
 contiguous to this village stands the bleak and gloomy Slieve 
 Donald, the loftiest pinnacle of the Mourne mountains. A cross 
 road on the left leads to Castlewellan, already noticed, and an- 
 other on the right winds along the coast to Dundrum, already 
 described. This wild and sterile district is thinly inhabited, 
 and the elevation of the mountains indicates the nature of the soil 
 to be either moor or moss peat, where the rocks do not totally 
 usurp and occupy the surface ; it does not appear that any valu- 
 able minerals have as yet been discovered ; in these alpine re- 
 gions ; an accurate investigation may explore their hidden trca- 
 sures, which have as yet baffied all researches/ 
 
NKW TRAVELLER S GUIDE 
 
 A Table of Fairs held each month of the year, in this 
 
 Cvurdy. 
 
 IHaces when hdd. \ 
 
 Ardmillan . . . 
 Portaferry, . . . 
 Ballinahinch ist Thurs. 
 Dundruni do. 
 Comber .... 
 Down, 2d Thursday 
 Ban bridge . . . 
 Bangor .... 
 Green Castle 
 Narrow Water . . 
 Newtown Ardes . 
 Saintfield .... 
 
 Castlewellan . . . 
 Hollywood, \st Monday 
 Kilmore .... 
 llostrevor .... 
 
 Baliinahinch . . 
 Ki Hough .... 
 Kirkeel, 1st Tuesday 
 Lous^hbrickland do. 
 Kiliinchy, \st Wednes. 
 Rathfryland 2d do. 
 Sheepbridge, \ st Friday 
 Portaferry, \st Thurs. 
 Dundrum, Thursday be- 
 fore Candlemas 
 Sainfcfield, 2d Thurs. 
 
 o. s. 
 
 Hillsborough, 3d Wed, 
 
 Rostrevor . . . 
 Baliinahinch, IstThir. 
 Seaford .... 
 Banbridge . . . 
 Kilmore .... 
 
 Places ivhert held. 
 
 Downpatrick . , 
 Scarvaghpass 
 SamtiiM,2dThur.0.S. 
 Rathfryland, 1st Wed. 
 
 after 2d Z^ady day 
 Loughbrickland 
 Grey abbey . , . 
 
 mr 
 1 
 
 7 
 8 
 14 
 
 Ardmillan . , . 
 Baliinahinch, IstThur. 
 Comber . . . 
 KiUilea . . . 
 
 Rostrevor .... 
 Rathfryland, 2d Wed. 
 O. 6'. 
 
 Maghera .... 
 Newry, 1st Man. after 
 
 Easter 
 Kircubbin . . . 
 Samtl\ek],3dThur. O.S. 
 
 Kilmore .... 
 
 Castlewellan . . . 
 Bangor .... 
 Hollywood, 1st Mon. 
 Narrow Water . . 
 Kirkeel .... 
 Kiliinchy, 1st Wednes. 
 Rathfryland, 1st Wed. 
 
 after Trinity Sunday 
 Sheepbridge . 
 Dundrum 
 Dromore . . 
 Anadoyne 
 Newtown Ardes 
 Hillsborough 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 515 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Down 
 
 Ballinahinch, 2d Tlnu . 
 O. S. 
 
 Clough .... 
 Saintfield,3i/ r/^z/r. O.S. 
 Kircubbin . . . 
 Donaghadee, lasi Wed. 
 O. S, 
 
 Castlewellan 
 Kilmore . 
 Clough 
 Rostrevor . 
 Banbridge 
 Seaford 
 Killough . 
 Scarvaghpass 
 Gilford . 
 Ballyvvalter 
 Donaghmore 
 Down . . 
 Grey abbey 
 Warren point 
 Saintficld . 
 Comber 
 Killilea, Trinity Mon. 
 
 Ardmillan 
 Donaghadee . 
 Castlereagh . 
 Clough . . 
 Ballinahinch 
 Loughbrickland 
 Uathfryland, Wed. 
 
 Dromore .... 
 Saintfield .... 
 Portaferry . . . 
 
 Rostrevor 
 
 Time. 
 
 May 
 19 
 
 21 
 
 28 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 4 
 8 
 9 
 9 
 9 
 19 
 21 
 22 
 22 
 22 
 22 
 24 
 26 
 28 
 
 July. 
 
 1 
 
 4 
 5 
 5 
 10 
 10 
 
 28 
 30 
 31 
 
 3 days, 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Bangor . . . 
 Holy wood, \st Monday 
 JShccpbridge, \ st Friday 
 Kirkeele, \st Tuesday 
 Killinchy, 1^2^ Wednes- 
 Kilmore 
 Green castle 
 Strangtbrd, 
 Dumdrum, T I airs, be 
 
 fore Ike 12 
 Killough .... 
 Donaghadee . . . 
 Ballinahinch, Ut TJmr. 
 O. S. 
 
 Banbridge . . . 
 Saintlield .... 
 Kircubbin . . . 
 Hillsborough, 3d Wed. 
 
 Castlewellan . . . 
 Seaford . . . . 
 Scarvaghpass . . 
 Rostrevor .... 
 Rathfryland, 2d Lady 
 
 Day O. S. 
 Saintfield, Sd T/iurs. 
 
 N. S. 
 Newtown Ardes . 
 Kilmore . . . 
 
 1 
 
 Ardmillan . , . 
 Ballinahinch, \sl TJmr 
 Narrow Water, do, 
 Donaghadee . . . 
 Dromore .... 
 Dundrum . . . 
 Killilea .... 
 Comber .... 
 Clough, 3d Friday 
 Don agh more • . • 
 Saintficld .... 
 
 Time. 
 
 Aug. 
 
 i 
 
 12 
 12 
 
 16 
 
 26 
 26 
 
 2R 
 
 ^ej)t. 
 1 
 4 
 
 r> 
 
 19 
 
 23 
 29 
 
 Oct. 
 1 
 
 10 
 JO 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 19 
 
 2% 
 2(j 
 
516 
 
 KEW TRAVELLEH's GUILE 
 
 Places where Iseld, 
 
 Time. 
 
 October 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Time. 
 
 Nov, 
 
 v^nsuereagn . , , 
 Downpatrick . , , 
 
 jib 
 
 Castlereagh . , , 
 
 20 
 
 29 
 
 Gilford .... 
 
 21 
 
 Grej Abbey . . , 
 
 19 
 
 Bangor .... 
 
 22 
 
 
 29 
 
 Clough .... 
 
 22 
 
 
 
 Saintfield,3^^mr, O.S. 
 
 
 ■ 
 
 
 
 
 AT 
 
 XJlllsUOI OuglJ, oCl rVeCl. 
 
 
 Kostrevor . , , . 
 
 1 
 
 Kircubbin . . . 
 
 28 
 
 Hollywood, 1st Mon. 
 
 
 Rathfryland, last Wed. 
 
 Kirk eel, \st Tuesday 
 Killinchy, \st Wediies. 
 
 
 0. S. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Sheepbridge, \st Friday 
 
 
 
 Dec, 
 
 Kilmore .... 
 
 5 
 
 Warren's Point . . 
 
 1 
 
 Anadoyne . . . 
 
 8 
 
 Seaford .... 
 
 5 
 
 Ballywalter , . . 
 
 8 
 
 Grey Abbey . . . 
 
 7 
 
 Stranjrford . . . 
 
 S 
 
 Donaghadee, 2d Wed. 
 
 
 Portafeiry, \st Tkurs» 
 
 
 Rostrevor .... 
 
 ] 1 
 
 o.s. 
 
 
 Portaferry , . . 
 
 
 Killouffh .... 
 
 12 
 
 Kilmore, 2d Wednes, 
 
 
 Loiiglibrickland 
 
 12 
 
 Castlewellan, Tues. be- 
 
 
 Castlewellan . . . 
 
 13 
 
 fore Christmas 
 
 
 Ballinahincbj IstThur. 
 
 Dundrum, Thur, before 
 
 
 0. s. 
 
 
 Old Christmas 
 
 
 Scarvaghpass . . 
 
 14 
 
 Saintfield, \st Thurs. 
 
 
 Banbridge . . . 
 
 16 
 
 after Christmas. 
 
 
 
 1 19 
 
 
COUNTY OF ANTRIM, 
 
 The County of Antrim is bounded on the north by the 
 l^orthern Ocean ; on the east by the Irish Channel ; on the 
 south by Down ; on the west by Tyrone and Londonderry. Its 
 greatest extent from north to south, is about forty-two Irish 
 miles ; and from east to west about twenty-four Irish miles. Its 
 superficial contents comprise 420,999 acres, Irish plantation 
 measure, including bogs, maintain, and waste. It contains 
 eight Baronies: — Upper and Lov/er Massarene, Upper and 
 Lower Antrim, Upper and Lower Toome, Kilconway, Upper 
 and Lower Dunluce, Carey, Upper and Lower Glenarm, 
 Upper and lower Belfast — which are distributed into seventy - 
 seven parishes. The general soil of the plains and valiies h 
 strong loam ; in some places gravelly and sandy soils prevail, 
 frequently interspersed with whin-stones of various sizes : whei) 
 the loam rests on a substratum of compact clay, the retain^<^ 
 moisture retards the spring sowisg, and when over dried multi- 
 plies labour; for both extremes, judicious draining and liming 
 appear to be the most efficacious remedies ; as the lands elevate, 
 the soils degenerate into brown or yellow till, sprinkled over 
 with a light vegetable mould. The mountains, when not com- 
 posed of solid masses of naked rock, are invariably covered 
 with mossy peat, and sometimes with deep moor. The bog.-,', 
 scattered over the county, both in the plains and on tlic moun- 
 tains, afford the inhabitants abundance of clieap fuel ; lime-stone 
 Ijravel can be rarely met with : most rivers of this county 
 
518 
 
 MEW thaveller's guide 
 
 derive their sources from tlie mountains bordering on the sea, 
 and direct their courses towards Lough -Neagh. Such as pre- 
 cipitate into the sea, are mountain torrents generated by the 
 floods, with the exception of the Bush-river, which discharges 
 itself into Ballintra-bay, west of the Giant's Causeway. The 
 principal rivers, which fall into Lough-Neagh, are the liavil, 
 the Braid, the Glenwherry, the Main, the Six-Mile- Water, the 
 Crumlin, and the Glenevy ; none of these rivers can be rendered 
 navigable to any considerable distance, from the elevation of 
 their descent, and the nipidity of their currents ; but are most 
 commodious for mill scites, and consequently, numerous bleaiih 
 greens are established on their banks. The Carey and Glcn- 
 shesh-rivers, with united vehemence, and irresistible impetuosity, 
 discharge their waters into the sea at Ballycastle. Innumerable 
 torrents tumble down the declivities of the mountains into the 
 sea; and many streamlets contribute to swell ihe majestic 
 channels of the Bann and Lagan, which constitute the boun- 
 daries of the county in their different courses. The lakes 
 sprinkled through the county, are neither extensive nor numerous; 
 the most considerable are Lough-Lynch, Lough-Hill, Lough- 
 Mourn, Portmore-Lough, and Lough-Guile. The residuary 
 collections, might be more properly denominated pools. There 
 are many chalybeate spas, of which, the one at Ballycastle, and 
 another at Dumans, in the parish of Ramoan, are the most 
 esteemed. The only coal mines as yet wrought in this county, 
 are confined to the vicinity of Ballycastle. 
 
 Parishes iti the Barony of Massrfrene. 
 
 Aghalee, 
 Soldierstown, 
 Lisburn, 
 Aghagallen, 
 
 Ballinderry, 
 Camlin, 
 Glanevey, 
 Killead, 
 
 Magheragal. 
 
 Magheraniisk, 
 
 Tullyrusk. 
 
 ROADS. 
 
 On the road leading from Lurgan to Ballinderry, Antrim 
 County commences a little beyond the seventy mile stone. 
 
 Aughygallan, — Is a poor village, distant seventy-one miles 
 from the Castle of Dublin. At the seventy-two mile stone, the 
 road from Moira unites on the right. 
 
FOR IRERAND. 
 
 519 
 
 BallinderrT, ^ — Distant seventy-three miles and a quarter from 
 tlie Castle of Dublin, is a neat small village. The ruins of 
 Portmore castle stand on the left; and a cross road runs to the 
 left ; at the seventy-five mile stone, a cross road runs right and 
 left ; at the seventy-six mile stone^ is situated Rams Island, 
 in which stands a round tower ; and a cross road runs to the 
 left ; and a little farther on, a cross road runs right and left. 
 
 Crumliny — Distant seventy- eight miles from the Castle of 
 Dublin, is a comfortable village, pleasantly situated on a river 
 of the same name : here the road from Glenevy unites on the 
 right, and a cross road winds to the left ; a little beyond the 
 eighty mile stone, a cross road sweeps to the right, and Keady 
 church stands on the left ; at the eighty-one mile stone, a cross 
 road runs right and left ; at the eighty-three mile stone, a cross 
 road runs right and left. 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Antrim. 
 
 Racavan, Antrim, Connor, 
 
 Rashee, Bally dug, Donegor, 
 
 Skerry, Ballycar, Kilbride. 
 
 Antrim^ — Distant eighty-four miles from the Castle of Dublin, 
 is the capital of the County, agreeably situated on the Six- 
 Mile- Water ; it was anciently a bishoprick; and an abbey was 
 founded here by Durtracta, a disciple of St. Patrick's. A 
 round tower stands here. In the rebellion of 179S, a furious 
 battle was fought at this town, in which the rebels were routed 
 with prodigious slaughter; but most unfortunately a very amiable 
 nobleman, Lord O'Neil, lost his life, valiantly combating in the 
 defence of his sovereign and our glorious constitution. Near 
 the town is situated a stately castle, the property of Lord 
 Massarene. The roads from Belfast and Temple-Patrick, 
 unite on the right ; the road to Kells issues from the northern 
 extremity of the town. It was a borough previous to the 
 Union, returning two members to the Irish Parliament. On 
 this side of the eighty-six mile stone, a cross road runs to the 
 right ; and Shane's castle, the residence of Lord O'Neil, en- 
 chantingly situated on the border of Lough Nea, lies on the 
 left. 
 
K£W traveller's GVlUA 
 
 Parishes in the Baro?ty of Toome. 
 
 Aliogliill, Drumaul, Ballymena. 
 
 Craniield, Duncan, 
 
 Randahtoijsn^ — Distant eighty-eight miles from the Castle of 
 Diibiin, is pleasantly situated on the river Main : here is an 
 handsome market-house, over which there is a large assembly 
 loom, where balls are held on the first Tuesday evening of every 
 month attended by the linen drapers, resorting to this market^ 
 who dance in boots and spurs, to the great annoyance of the 
 ladies, and no small benefit of trade, by the numerous rents 
 and gashes inflicted on the delicate texture of female habiliments 
 by the formidable and destructive weapons attached to the 
 heels of the yard-brandishing partners. Three roads issue from 
 the lower extremity of the town, one leading to Gillgoran, 
 another to Ahoghill, and the third to Portglenone. It was a 
 borough previous to the Union, returning two members to the 
 Irish Parliament. A little beyond the eighty-nine mile stone, 
 a cross road on the left, leads to Toome-bridge ; at the ninety- 
 one mile stone, stands Dunmain church to the left; at the 
 ninety-three mile stone, a cross road on the left, runs to New- 
 ferry ; at the ninety-four mile stone, a cross road on the right, 
 leads to Ahoghill, and another on the left, to Newferry. 
 
 Porfglenone^ — Distant ninety-seven miles and a quarter from 
 the Castle of Dublin, is a neat little village, pleasantly situated 
 on the eastern bank of the river Bann ; over which a bridge 
 is erected, communicating with Clady, seated on the opposite 
 bank, and a cross road runs to the right ; at the one hundred 
 mile stone, the road from Ahoghill unites on the right* 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Kilco7Vjcay, 
 Dunaghy, Finvoy, Killagan, Rasharkan. 
 
 Basharlcan^ Distant one hundred and one miles from the 
 Castle of Dublin, is a small neat village, having a good paro- 
 chial church. Here the road forks into two branches, that on 
 the left, winding along the eastern bank of the river Bann, 
 until it reaches Coleraine, the other on the right, leads to Bally- 
 money ; a cross road on the left, stretches towards Portna- 
 
FOB IRELAND. 
 
 521 
 
 bridge, mi another winds on the right ; at the one hundred 
 and four mile stone, stands Finlay church, and a cross road 
 leading to Newferry sweeps on the left ; another winds on 
 the right ; at the one hundred and seven mile stone, a cros^ 
 road on tlje left, leads to Cross -ferry. 
 
 Parishes in the Baront/ of Dunluce^ 
 
 Ballymoney, Ballyrashane, Dunluce, 
 
 Derrykeighan, Ballywellan, Loughguile. 
 Kilraghtis, Billy, 
 
 ^allymoney^ — Distant one hundred and seven miles and a half 
 from the Castle of Dublin, is a considerable village ; here stands 
 a fine mansion, the property of the most noble the Marquis 
 of Downshire. The road from Clough unites on the right; a 
 cross road on the left, leads to Gilis-ferry ; here the road forks 
 into two branches, that on the right, leads to Dervock, and the 
 other on the left to Coleraine ; at the one hundred and ten 
 inile stone, the road winding along the eastern bank of the 
 river Bann, unites on the left, where the County terminates in 
 this direction. 
 
 DervocJcy — Distant one hundred and eleven miles and a half 
 from the Castle of Dublin, is a small village, situated on the Bush 
 river ; near which, are the beautiful seats of Belleisle and 
 Clover-Hill ; a cross road on the right, leads to Armoy, and 
 another on the left runs to Bu^h-mill ; at the one hundred and 
 twelve mile stone, Derrykighan church stands on the right,, 
 and a cross road to Coleraine, winds on the left. 
 
 J5z^/z-m///5j .—Distant one hundred and sixteen miles from the! 
 Castle of Dublin, is a neat small village, situated on a river of 
 the same nam^, at the mouth of Ballintra bay. Xwo miles 
 from this village, stands the Giant's Causeway on ^he right; and 
 Dunluce Castle on the left; here two roads from Coleraine 
 unite on the left ; and a cross road on the right, leads to 
 Ballintoy. Dunluce Castle is boldly situated on the summit of 
 a cliiF projecting into the sea, and sepai;ated from the main- 
 land by a deep and wide chasm, excavated through the rock ; 
 from its inaccessible position, it must have been impregnable 
 before the invention of gunpowder. It was the principal resi- 
 dence of an Irish chieftain, named MacQuillan, until dispos- 
 isigssed by some stratagem devised by his crafty Scotch neighbours^ 
 ydlow Charles MacDonnel retained the castle, until obliged ta 
 
NEW TRAVELLEU'fi OUTDE 
 
 surrender it to the Lord Deputy Sir John Perrot ; after this. 
 Gonquest, it fell into the possession of the MacDonnels, through 
 the treachery of the governor, but they were constrained again to 
 deliver up the castle, thrqugh the active exertions of the officer 
 sent to besiege it. On th^ir making submission, abjuring all 
 foreign alliance, and swearing allegiance to her Majesty Queen 
 "Elizabeth, the castle, with all its appurtenances, v^as granted 
 to these intruders. On the road leading from Randalstow?) to 
 Ahoghill, at the ninety-four mile stone, a cross road runs right 
 and left. 
 
 To the Giant'^s Causeway^ hy Aughgallarij 
 
 Augligallan, 
 
 
 
 (Miles. 
 
 
 
 
 71 
 
 Ballinderry, 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^rumlin, 
 
 
 
 4f 
 
 78 
 
 Antrim, 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 
 Kandalstown, 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 88 
 
 Portglenone, 
 
 
 
 9^ 
 
 97;^ 
 
 ilasharkan. 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 
 Ballymoney, 
 
 
 
 5i 
 
 107 J 
 
 Dervock, 
 
 
 
 4 " 
 
 nik 
 
 Bush-mills, 
 
 
 
 4| 
 
 1J6 
 
 Giant's Causev/ay. 
 
 
 • 
 
 2 
 
 118 
 
 Ahoghill^ — Is a small village, distant ninety-four miles and a 
 >i?\lf from the Castle of Dublin. A cross road on the right, 
 leads to Kilgorum : on this side of the ninety-six mile stone, 
 a cross road runs right and left ; the direct road leads to Ra- 
 i^harkan, already noticed. On th^? road leading^ from Antrim 
 to Kclls, on this side of the eighty-eight mile stone, tlie road 
 from Shanes-castle unites on the left. 
 
 Kelis^ — Is a small village, distant eighty-nine miles from the 
 Castle of Dublin, and pleasantly situated on the Glehwherry 
 river. Here are the ruins of an old church ; and a cross road 
 lans right and left. Within half a mile of this tow^n, on the 
 right, stands Connor, which although now a delapidated village, 
 was erected into a bishoprick by St. Macnicius, about the 
 beginning of the sixth century. In 1442, , it was united to 
 Downs : its cathedral is in ruins. A little bej'mid the ninety- 
 c^.ie mile stone, a cross road on the right, leads to Broitgh- 
 siiane.. ■ • • ■^• . . .... ' 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 52^ 
 
 Ballymenn^ — Distant ninety-three miles and a half from the 
 Castle of Dublin, is a considerable village, agreeably situated 
 on a branch of the Main river. The road from Randalstovyn 
 unites on the left ; two roads issue fwrn this town, that on the 
 left, leads to Ballymoney, already described, and the other on 
 the right, to Clough ; a cross road on the left, leads to Grac- 
 hill; a Moravian colony is planted near Gilgorn-castle, which very 
 well requites the curiosity of inspection. On this side of the 
 ninety-five mile stone, a cross road on the right leads to 
 Brough-shane ; on this side of the ninety- nine mile stone, the 
 load crosses the Ravil- Water. 
 
 To RashnrJian^ hy Antrim, 
 
 A p trim, 
 
 Ahogliill, 
 
 Rasharkan, 
 
 (Miles.) 
 84? 
 
 101 
 
 6| 
 
 94^ 
 
 ica 
 
 Clottgh^ — Distant ninety-nine miles and a half from the 
 Castle of Dublin, is a small neat village, having an handsome 
 plain church. Here are the ruins of two old castles ; the road 
 from Broughshane unites on the right ; a cross road runs right 
 and left; two roads issue from this town, that on the left, runs 
 by Clough-miils, to Ballymonej', and the other on the right leads 
 towards Ballycastle. — Lough-Guile church stands at the one 
 hundred and five mile stone j neat* which is situated Lessanour 
 castle, situated on the border of Lough- Guile Lake, the romantic 
 residence of the late learned and consummate states-man, Eari 
 Macartney, whose classic epitaph, written by himself, is judici- 
 ously inserted in the Rev, Mr. Duberdieu's valuable Statistical 
 Survey of this County, whose Survey of Down likewise 
 contains intich useful local hiformation. 
 
 To Ballycastle^ by Antrim, 
 
 Antrim, 
 ^Kells, . - 
 Ballymenay 
 Clough, » 
 Lough- Guile, 
 Arihoy, 
 Ballycastle, 
 
 5f 
 6 
 
 5i 
 4 
 
 (IvIiJtts ) 
 84 
 
 105 
 109 
 
62^ 
 
 NEW XnAtELLEli's GVILZ 
 
 Parhhes in ike Barony Carey. 
 
 Biilliutoy, 
 Ardmoy, 
 
 Rathlin, Island, 
 Culfaghtrin, 
 
 Ramoari. 
 
 At the one hundred and seven mile stone, the road crosses the 
 Bush river. Armoy village stands at the one hundred and nine 
 mile stone; here is a neat plain churcli, and also a round tower; 
 on this side of the one hundred and ten mile stone, a cross road 
 on the left leads to Dallymoney. At the one hundred and twelve 
 mile stone, stand the ruins of an old castle to the left. 
 
 Ballycastle, — Distant one htindred and thirteen miles and a 
 half from Dublin castle, is a small seaport town, built by a Mr^ 
 Boyd, ofl the conflux of the rivers Carey and Ramoan, who also 
 liberally eiKlowed a charter school, erected for the accommoda- 
 tion of forty children. Here are the ruins of an old: castle, and 
 an abbey. In this vicinity is a colliery resembling White Haven 
 xjoal in quality^ and deemed sufficiently extensive to supply the 
 consumption of the entire kingdom, coul^ the harbour be render- 
 ed safe and commodious, to protect the shipping from the vio- 
 lence of the northerly winds. In 1770, the miners in pushing 
 on an adit, in an unexplored quarter of tfce cliff, towards a bed 
 of coals, discovered a complete gallery, which extended several 
 hundred yards, branching into chambers, studded with pillars,, 
 placed at proper distances : no traditionary vestiges exist, that 
 these coal mines were ever wrought, and the fact would remain 
 an impenetrable secret to posterity, had not this accident verifi- 
 ed the reality. This single circumstance, proves more con- 
 vincingly^ than all the hypothetical theories suggested by the 
 prolific faticies of antiquarians, that the arts were cultivated in 
 this island, at some remote period of antiquity, by either foreig- 
 ners or natives. Here is a fine chalybeate spa; a cross road on 
 the left leads to Ballintoy. Raghlin is almost an inaccessible 
 island, about five miles long, and thi'ee and a half broad, situat- 
 ed in the Scottish or north sea, between six or seven miles froln 
 Ballycastle ; its cultivable parts produce excellent barley, and iXs 
 rocks abound with sea weed, which is manufactured into kelp ; 
 it was deemed the stepping stone between Irefand and Scotland^ 
 which the natives of both countries alternately used in their 
 various expeditions, and for whose possession they frequently 
 fought : in the north angle <)f the island stands a castle, celebrat- 
 ed by the resistance made here by Robert Bruce. About the 
 middle of the 6th century, a religious establishmen^as founded 
 
foil IRELAND. 
 
 525 
 
 here by Columbus. In 790j the island was ravaged by the pi- 
 ratical Danes. In 1558, the Earl of Essex, Lord Deput}', ex- 
 pelled the Scotch from the island with prodigious slaughter : 
 some tumuli and brazen spears and swords, have been discovered 
 here. The road passing from Clough to Newtown, passes 
 through a mountainous district, in a line almost parallel to the 
 Havil river. 
 
 To Netuioixnglens hy Ctougki 
 
 (Mn«s.) 
 
 Clough as before - - - - — I 99| 
 Newtownglens - - - - 91 | 1091 
 
 Newtown Glens, — Distant one hundred and nine miles and a 
 4juarter from Dublin Castle, is an inconsiderable village, situated 
 ©n the Lode river, on an arm of Red Bay. Two roads wind 
 from this village on the left to Bally castle, one crossing the 
 mountains, and the other sweeping along the coast; a cross 
 road on the right runs along the shore to Gienarn: within a 
 mile of this village are the runs of Red castle. 
 
 Broughshane, — Distant ninety-five miles from Dublin Castle, 
 is a neat little village, pleasantly situated on the river Braid. 
 Here is a plain neat church ; a road branching on the left, leads 
 to Clough. At the ninety-nine mile stone, stands Fork Bridge 
 Hamlet. At the one hundred mile stone, a cross road on the 
 right leads to Larnc. 
 
 To Gienarn hy Kells. 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Kells, as before . . . • — 89 
 Broughshane . , . ; . 54 95 
 Gienarn 9l 1041 
 
 Parishes in the Barony of Gienarn. 
 
 Ardelinis, Camecastle, Kilwaghter, 
 
 Layde, St. Cunning, Ticmacrevan; 
 
 Glenarny — Distant one hundred and four miles and thret 
 quarters from Dublin Castle, is a small village agreeably situ- 
 ated on a river of the same jiame. At the mouth of Gienarn 
 
526 
 
 MEW^ TRAVELlEIl's GUIDE 
 
 bay, near this vilhige, stands Glenarn Castle, a vener.-'.We an(*i 
 magnificent mansion, the property of the Earl of Antrim. In 
 1 1 65, a monastery was founded here by Robert Russet, a Scotch- 
 man. At the general dissolution of monastic institutions, the 
 iibbey with all its landed property, was assigned by a royal grant 
 to Alexander M'Donnel, ancestor to the present noble family. 
 A cross road on tlie left runs to Newtown Glen, and another 
 on the right leads to Larne. 
 
 Lisbi/rne,— Distant seventy-three miles from DubHn Castle, 
 the second in extent and commerce in this county, is a large 
 liandsome and populous town, conveniently situated on the 
 western bank of the river Lagan, which is rendered navigable 
 from the sea to Lough Neagh, by the assistance of a canal. 
 The linen manuuicture is extensively established here. Its 
 ])ut)lic buildings are a fine church with a lofty steeple ; a large 
 market house ornamented with a cupola, an infirmary, a dis- 
 senting, and a quaker's meeting houses, a methodist, and a 
 catholic chapel. This town was colonized with English and 
 Welch settlers, by Sir Tulk Conway, who obtained a grant of 
 it, and the surrounding territory, from King James the First. 
 On the 28th of November, 1641, a splendid victory was obtain- 
 ed by Sir George Radon, over the Irish rebels, commanded by 
 Sir Phelim O'Neil, Sir Con. Megennis, and General Plunket. 
 In 1662, it was incorporated for its uniform attachment and 
 adherence to the royal cause. The French refugees, who 
 settled here after the revocation of the edict of Nantz, materi- 
 ally contributed to improve the quality of the linens wrought 
 here, by their superior skill and intelligence, which superiority 
 they still maintain. In 1707, it was consumed by fire ; in this 
 conflagration the castle participated, which has never since 
 been repaired. Immediately after this disaster, the town was 
 rebuilt in its present commodious form ; every house -is plen- 
 tifully supplied with water, conveyed by pipes. Two roads 
 from Moira unite on the left ; two roads issue on the left ; one 
 leading to Glenevy, and the other to Crumhn, b'oth already 
 noticed : a road issuing to the right, on the western bank of 
 the river Lagan, leads to Belfast. It gives the title of Earl to 
 the family of Vaughan. It returns one member to the United 
 Parliament. 
 
rOR IRELAND. 
 
 527 
 
 To Anlrinij hi/ Lidmrn. 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 8r.onevtorvl, - - 4^ 
 
 Antrini, - - 10 14|- 
 
 ^^arishes in the Baronij of Belfast^ including Carrickfcrgiis liheriic% 
 
 Baliiuure, Templepatrick, Glynn, 
 
 Inver, Bally limiy, Kilroot, 
 
 Lland Magec, Carmaney, Shankill, 
 
 Moylusk, penyaghy, Tenipleccirraf!, 
 
 Rqloo, Lambcg. 
 
 At tlic seventy-four ^"nile stone, the road forks into two 
 brancbCvS, both leading in nearly a piirallel direction to Belfl^vSt; 
 a cross road and a bridge run over the Bann, on the right ; 
 at the sevcnty-sevca mile stone, a cross road runs right and 
 left. . . : . 
 
 Bel/hst^ — Distant eighty rniles from the Castle of Dublin, is 
 a regularly well built town, situated on the western bank of the 
 river Lagan. Its streets are broad and spacious, both well 
 flagged and lighted; here a very extensive export trade is 
 carried on, particularly in linens, flourishing factories of glass, 
 liaen, cambrics, cotton, sugar, sail-cloth, and earthen -ware 
 are established here. It has three barracks, the Old, the >Tew, 
 and an artillery barrack. Near the centre of the town is the 
 exchange, over which an elegant and extensive set of assembly 
 rooms were erected at the private expense of the Marquis of 
 Donegal ; on the ground-floor is the coflbe-room. The cimrch 
 is a light pleasing edifice, not sufliciently spacious to accommo- 
 date an increasing congregation. There are six Protestant 
 Dissenting Mceting-Houses ; a Quaker Meeting-House ; a 
 Methodist Chapel, and two Roman Catholic Chapels. 
 Its charitable institutions are an Asylum for aged nien, 
 women, and helpless orphan children, who are fed, clothed, 
 and educated, until of a proper age to be apprenticed to 
 suitable em})loyments — a Fever Hospital and Dispensary for 
 administering medicines to extern patients — a Lying-in Hos- 
 pital — an House of Industry to eradicate and abolish mendicitvr- 
 and a Repository for the sale of articles produced by female 
 
525 
 
 NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 iiidu^^try. — There is a Weekly Sunday-school — a school for the 
 Blind, in which the pupils are taught basket making — a Bible 
 Society to propagate and diffuse the principles of Christianity — 
 an Academical institution, endowed to prepare youth for pro- 
 fessional departments. — Its literary Societies are Philosophical, 
 Medical, and Musical; the latter is particularly devoted to the 
 revival of that enchanting national musical instrument, the 
 Irish Harp. Over the riv^er Lagan, a magnificent bridge of 
 hewn stone is erected, consisting of 21 arches, 3 of which are 
 in the County of Antrim, and the remainder in the County of 
 Down ; it was built at an united charge, levied on both Coun- 
 ties. Vessels of Burden sail wp to the bridge, where there is a 
 large spacious apd commodious quay. Thi§ town gives the 
 title of Earl to the most noble the Marquiss of Donegal, and 
 returns one member to the United Parliament. A road issues 
 on the left, which at a small distance, forks into two branches ; 
 one leading to Crumlin, land the otl^er to Antrim, The rqad 
 issuing on the right leads to Carrickfergus ; at the eighty-three 
 mile stone, liesParkipount to the right, the delightful residence of 
 the Marcjuis of Donegal. Here the road forks into two 
 branches ; that on the right leading to Carrickfergus, and the 
 o^her on the left to Ballycastlq : at the eighty-five mile stone, 
 a. crpss road on the left runs to Antrim, on which stands 
 
 Templepatricic Village,^ — Distapt eighty-seven miles from the 
 Castle of Dublin, and delightfully situated on the Six-Mile- 
 Water; near which stands Castle Upton, a beautiful seat, the 
 property of Lord Templeton. At the eighty-six mile stone, 
 stands Carmoney Village ; here the road forks into two branches; 
 that on the left leads to 
 
 Doagh Village, — Distant ninety mi}es from the Castle of 
 Dublin, \yhence the road continues to Kells by Conor, both 
 already noticed ; the left branch leads to Larne. 
 
 Straid^ — ^Is a small village, distant eighty-nine miles and a 
 half from the Castle of Dublin. Here are the ruins of an old 
 church, and a cross road runs to the left. 
 
 Ballymire^-r-ls a poor village, distapt ninety miles and three 
 quarters from the Castle of Dublin. Here the road from 
 Ballyclare unites on the left ; a cross road on the left leads to 
 Ballyeston ; and another on the right to Bally curry. 
 
 Kilkmghter^ — Is a little hamlet, distant ninety-five miles and a 
 quarter from the Castle of Dublin, situated on a streamlet of 
 the same name. 
 
 Corncastle — Church and Village are distant ninety-eight miles 
 and a half from the Castle of Dublin. On the road leading 
 
1 OR IllELAND. 
 
 from Belfast to Car rick Fergus, at the eighty-six mile stone, lie 
 the ruins of an old castle on the right. 
 
 10 (jrlcnarm^ bij JJelJast. 
 
 
 
 
 (Miles.) 
 
 Belfast, 
 
 
 80 
 
 Carmoney, 
 
 () 
 
 86 
 
 Straici, . . . . 
 
 Si 
 
 
 Ballynure, . . 
 
 l\ 
 
 
 Kill water, 
 
 H 
 
 95 k 
 
 Car n castle, . , . 
 
 H 
 
 9Si 
 
 Glenarm, 
 
 5~l 
 
 1031 
 
 Can ickfergus, — Distant eighty-eight miles from the Castle of 
 Dublin, the shire and assizes town of this count}^ is conveniently 
 situated on a bay of the same name, which has an excellent 
 harbour : it was anciently walled and fortified. This town, 
 with its extensive liberties, which extend four miles in all 
 directions from the castle, though within the precmcts of the 
 barony of Belfast, constitute a county distinct from Antrim, 
 and hold a separate assizes. The main street is narrow, as }}ro- 
 tection in all fortified places was preferred to ornament ; but 
 the more modern streets are spacious and commodious. It was 
 formerly a place of considerable trade, from possessing the 
 privilege of importing merchandize at one third of the duties 
 payable in the other ports of this kingdom ; but since the pur-, 
 chase of this privilege from the corporation, its trade lan- 
 guished, and was rapidly transferred to Belfast, w liere it appears 
 to be immoveably fixed. The castle, supposed to have been 
 built by Hugh de Lacey in ] 178, is boldly situated on a reck 
 projecting into the sea; it was lately thoroughly repaired, and 
 ^annon were mounted on itsbatteries : here arms and ammunition 
 are deposited. In 1223, a monastery was founded here; at 
 the general extinction of monastic institutions, this monastery 
 and all its possessions, were granted to Sir Edmund Fitz-Gerald, 
 who assigned the same to Sir Arthur Chice^ter, ancestor to the 
 Marquis of Donegal. This Baronet, who was often Lord 
 Deputy of Ireland, erected a stately castle on the scite of the 
 monastery. In 1315, this town was besieged by Robert Bruce, 
 brother to the king of Scotland. In 1316, Bruce besieged it 
 a second time, and took it. In 1333, Hugo de Burgh the 
 governor, was murdered by his domestics. In 1418, a com^ 
 
 3 Y 
 
550 
 
 KRW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 mission was granted to the mayor of Carrickfergijs, to form ii 
 league of friendship and alliance with the Earl of Russ, who 
 usurped the sovereignty of the Hebrides from the kings of 
 ^Scotland. A general intercourse either hostile or friendly, 
 .'vlways existed between the Scots and the inhabitants scattered 
 along the coast of Antrim, until the Scots ultimately obtained 
 a permanent settlement, the primary object of their predatory 
 incursions, or peaceable visits, which object was affected by the 
 marriage of one of the M*Donels, when they afterwards extended 
 along the coast, and possessed a portion of Carrickfergus, now 
 called the Scotch Quarter : during the whole period of Tyrone's 
 rebellion, this place was the head quarters of the English forces 
 in the north of Ireland. In 1639, a plan to deliver the castle 
 to the Scottish insurgents, was defeated by the Earl of Stafford, 
 In 1640, a large army was assembled here to oppose the Scots. 
 In 1642, 4000 Scotch auxiliaries sent to oppose the Irish rebels 
 rook possession of this town. In 1648, General Monk surprised 
 the town, and made the general prisoner. In 1649, it surren- 
 dered to the Earl of Inchequin, and General Monk was taken 
 j)risoner. On the 2d. of November, in the same year, the 
 town and castle surrendered to Sir Charles Coote. On the 
 25th of August, 1 689, the town and castle surrendered to Duke 
 Schomberg. On the 4th of June, 1690, King William landed in 
 Carrickfergus to head his forces. In 1763, Thurot attacked the 
 castle, weakly garrisoned by about 200 recruits, who, after a 
 brave resistance, surrenderecl on most honourable terms; but this 
 desperate attempt was amply revenged by the British tars, who 
 captured the squadron, and killed the commander off the Isie 
 of Man. This naval victory was obtained under the command 
 of Commodore Elliot. The civil government is vested by 
 charter in a mayor annually elected, a recorder, 2 sheriffs, 17 
 aldermen, and 24 burgesses. The mayor has a very ample 
 jurisdiction, and can issue attachments against ships' cargoes, 
 or individuals on board ship, for debts contracted, no matter 
 where. This jurisdiction extends from Beer-house in the 
 County of Down, to Foreland in the County of Antrim; Ban- 
 gor and Carmoyle-pool only being excepted. It returns one 
 member to the Imperial Parliament. A cross road on the left 
 leads to Baliymena ; two roads issue from this town to Larne ; 
 and another winds along the coast to Brown's Bay. 
 
 Balliicurry^ — Is a small village, distant ninety-two miles and 
 a half from the Castle of Dublin. 
 
 Larne^ — Distant ninety- seven miles and a half fi'om the 
 Castle of Dublin, is very delightfully situated on the western 
 verge of Brown's Bay, where the Kihvalter river empties itself 
 
TOR IRELAND. 
 
 531 
 
 into the sea. Here the roads from Belfast, BallymenM, and 
 Broughshane unite ; a road winds oil the left, along the coast 
 to Gleharm, already noticed. 
 
 Gianfs Causeway,- — That most singular natural curiosity, atid 
 superlatively stupenduous operation of nature's astonishing phe- 
 nomenons, is situated in the most northern extremity of the 
 island, on the verge of the sea, into which it projects a con- 
 siderable distance in a northerly direction, from an angular 
 cliff placed between two small bays, which are about half a mile 
 wide, and about half that distance deep. These two rocky 
 lofty amyohitheatres on either side, cast additional dignity on 
 the magnificent grandeur of the Causeway itself, which at the 
 close of the sixteenth century, attracted the attention and ex- 
 cited the curiosity of philosophic investigation, as appears by 
 the summary sketches separately drawn by Sir Richard Buck- 
 ley, Doctor Samuel Foley, and Doctor Thomas Molyneux, for 
 the information of the London Royal Society, whose distinct 
 observations, shall constitute an historical introduction, to more 
 minute and accurate subsequent researches. Sir Richard 
 Buckley observes, that the circumjacent coast is of a very great, 
 height from the sea, but rising gradually on the land side to 
 the edge of the precipice, and is all covered with excellent sweet 
 grass : that there is no descent by the precipice, it is so per- 
 pendicularly steep, but that it may possibly be climbed b}^ 
 much labour and hazard. The strand is only accessible by 
 circuitous windings, through which a perpendicular Causeway 
 visibly about 80 feet wide, and 20 feet higli above the rest of 
 the Btrand, projects into the Main Ocean. Its extension into 
 the sea is visible to the distance of about 200 feet, but that it 
 is impossible to ascertain how far it dips under the water. 
 The whole Causeway consists of pillars of perpendicular cylin- 
 ders, either hexagons or pentagons of about 18 or 20 inches 
 diameter, but so justly shot one by another, that nothing 
 thicker than a knife can enter between the sides of the pillars. 
 The pillars do not consist of joints, but have their bottoms aa 
 often convex or concave, as flat or even, of which, many 
 pieces thus disposed, are strewed along the bhore, having been 
 washed down by the tide. The Causeway displays an angular 
 front to a spectator on the strand, the several cylinders ot ea- 
 sionally exliibiting two or three of their sides to open view ; 
 even the stupenduous impending precipice entirely consists of^ 
 cylinders, some of longer, and others of shorter dimensions, 
 a circumstance that renders it possible to climb it up, as it were 
 by steps. All the stones strewed along the coast, whether 
 
532 
 
 NEW TRAVELLER'S GUIDE 
 
 single or clustered, are all cylindrical, although much diversi- 
 fied in their angles, from which homogeneous appearance, 
 an inference is deduced, that this magnificent colonade 
 is a singular production of nature's wonderful operations. 
 The Giant's Causeway, says Doctor Samuel Foley, is distant 
 somewhat more than eight English miles from north to east, from 
 the town of Coleraine, and about three miles due north from 
 Bush-mills ; it runs from the bottom of an high hill into the sea, 
 and baffles all enquiry to determine the termination of its extent, 
 but at low water its length is about 600 feet, and its greatest 
 breadth is about 24-0 feet, which is never contracted into nar- 
 rower dimensions than 140 feet ; it is likewise equally uneven 
 in its atitude, being in some places elevated more than 36 feet 
 above the surflice of the strand, and in other parts not more 
 than 15 feet; it consists of innumerable pillars placed per- 
 pendicular to the plane of the horizon, but it cannot be ascer- 
 tained whether they run down under the ground like a quarry, 
 or whether their subterraneous configuration assimulates to 
 their vertical uniformity ; some of them are very long, others 
 short and broken ; some for a considerable space, are of equal 
 height, so that their apexes constitute an uniform horizontal 
 surface; many appear cracked and irregular, others entire, uni- 
 form, and handsome, exhibit different shapes and sizes; penta- 
 gonal and haxagonal figures are the most predominant, sep- 
 tagonal figures are more rare, however some few are discernible; 
 the pillars are some 15, some IS inches, and others two feet 
 in diamater ; none of the pillars consists of one entire stone, 
 but are composed of several joints or pieces, some of which 
 consist of six, some of twelve, some of eighteen inches, while 
 others are about two feet deep ; these pieces are as closely united 
 as it is possible for one stone to be adjusted to another, not 
 jointed with flat surfaces, but the cavity of one piece becomes a 
 depository for the convexity of the contiguous mass; these 
 joints are not always uniformly arranged, for in some pillars the 
 convexity is always upwards, while in others it always stands 
 downwards, the convex mass being forced from the recipient 
 socket ; both the concave and convex superfices appear smooth 
 and polished, as are likewise the sides of the pillars which lie 
 contiguous to each other, exhibiting a whitish free-stone colour, 
 but of a very fine and close grit, but when broken, the inside 
 displays the appearance of dark marble. The pillars stand very 
 close to each other, and although they consist of different 
 angles, yet their mutual contexture is so admirably adapted, that 
 no vijcuity appears between them, the inequality of the nuni- 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 533 
 
 bers of the sides of the pillars, being most wonderfully and 
 surprisingly compensated by the inequality of the breadths 
 and angles of those sides, so that the whole, at a distant view, 
 display a very regular appearence, and every particular pillar 
 retains it own peculiar density in its sides and angles from it*^ 
 vertex to the base ; those pillars which preserve their original 
 conformation, are at the top tough and flat, without any graving 
 or strait lines; those which lie exposed to the action of the 
 waves are wabhed smooth, while others, which seem to have 
 their natural surfaces washed or blown away, appear some con- 
 caveand some convex. The high bank hanging over the Causeway, 
 on that side which lies next to it, towards the sea, appears to be 
 generally composed of the common craggy rocks, where only 
 a few irregular pillars are discernible on the eastern side, and 
 some others farther north, denominated the looms or organs, 
 stand on the side of a hill ; the centre pillars are the longest, 
 while those placed on either side gradually diminish ; over the 
 Causeway, the tops of some pillars peep from the sides of the 
 hill, neither standing or lying, but sloping ; each pillar is supposed 
 to retain the same uniformity, from top to the bottom ; because 
 every pillar, which could be accurately examined, retained an 
 invariable configuration of its formation ; the several sides of 
 the same pillar are, when horizontally measured, found to be of 
 unequal lengths or breadths, and that in such pillars as are 
 hexagonal, the broader side always subtends, or is opposite to 
 the narrower, which descripton of geometry nature always 
 observes in the formation of crystals. Doctor Thomas Moly- 
 neaux observes, that every enlightened mind, delighting in inves- 
 tigating natural j)roductions, and examining the various works 
 of the creation, cannot but be anxious to be fully and circum- 
 stantially informed respecting this very singular and curious 
 fossil, so admirable for its angular and regularly shaped columns, 
 connected by a long series of exact joints in each ; the neat and 
 curious articulation of each joint into the other must create 
 wonder and astonishment: some of the pillars are of vast height, 
 straitness and magnitude, and display great variety as well as 
 accuracy in their geometrical configuration ; the sides of the 
 columns are so compactly united, that there is not the least 
 vacuity or space left between one pillar and the other, they are 
 so closely connected with each odier ; the rock so spacious and 
 extensive and found in the greatest abundance in this part of 
 tlie country, is of so peculiar a quality, that as yet nothing similar 
 has been discovered in any other part of the world. These pecu- 
 liarly singular characteristics render the Giant's Causeway one 
 
5U 
 
 NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 of the greatest wonders nature, or the First Cause oF a!I thinq- 
 hath produced ; for although nature has manifested much greater 
 artifice, and more curious contrivance in the frarhiHg of animal 
 bodies, and in the organization of vegetables, which were jirode- 
 signed to be more elaborate, yetinthemodellingof minerals, which 
 Jie retired more remote and concealed in the bowels of the earth, 
 she does not appear any where to have displayed such accuracy 
 and mechanism, as in shaping the materials of the Giaht's Cause- 
 way. In this massy pile, not only quadrangular, but also triangular 
 and octangular pillars are discernible, but much more rarely to 
 be met with, than the other figured columns ; the particular 
 kind of stone of which the Giant's Causeway is composed, h 
 not more remarkable for being thus mat?erially exact in geometri- 
 cal figures, than for being fouiid in ^uch plenty artd vast abun- 
 dance, in itiatiy parts of the country, to a considerable extent in 
 all directions; othei? curious shaped stones, such as the Trochites, 
 the AstfoiteS, the Lapides Juditae, the Echiniaici-pellucidi, and 
 similar fossils, wheresoever discovered, are always few in number, 
 thinly scattered, and dispersed in small parcels ; but nature has a- 
 massed such an immense quantity of this prodigious stone here 
 flll together, that she seems immoderately profuse in her 
 elaborate operations ; for besides what is generally denominated 
 the Giant's Causeway, there are various other collections of 
 similar pillafs, situated in this vicinity; as two lesser but more 
 imperfect and more broken Causevvays, lie at some distance to 
 the left of the great one, in a direct northerly position ; and still 
 a little farther on, some rocks appear in the sea at low water, 
 which seem to be composed of sifiiilaf materials ; the hill situated 
 above the Causeway and immediately adjoining it, abounds in 
 similar columns, not perpendicularly erect, but reclining in a 
 sloping posture : eastward of this hill, at several distances, stand 
 various ranges of upright columns curiously disposed along the 
 edges of the promontories; the most conspicuous of which 
 masses, and contiguously situated to the great or Giant's Cause- 
 way, is distinguished by the appellation of the Looms of Organs, 
 from the stately regularity of its configuration, whose several 
 pillars, fifty in number, may be exactly distinguished and accu- 
 rately counted: the tallest and largest of which is at least 
 forty feet high, consisting of forty-four distinct joints, and 
 stands exactly in the centre of the rest, gradually decreasing 
 in altitude on both sides, like organ pipes; several rafiges 
 of tall pillars extend to a considerable distance along the 
 side of a rock, about four miles eastward of the Grafit's Cause- 
 
FOR mELAND. 
 
 535 
 
 v/3y; three miles from Coleraine, two from Dunluce, and about 
 1^ mile andti half from the sea, from the stones of which Bally- 
 willan church is constructed ; some of the inland pillars being 
 about two feet and an half in diameter, are much larger iu 
 iiimensions than any found in the Giant's Causeway : none 
 of the insular pillars display septagonal angles, like those 
 ^iiscovcred in the Giant's Causeway, although they promiscuous- 
 ly and capriciously exhibit three, four, and six sides ; neither do 
 their joints observe a similar articulation by cavities and 
 convexities, analagous to the pillars of the Giant's Causeway; 
 as their upper and lower surfaces only touch in planes, united 
 by the pressure of the superincumbent mass, easily severed 
 by a lateral force, whose impetuosity actually exceeds the 
 positive gravity of the resisting power ; whether such varieties 
 pf articulation constitute a positive specific dilference, or may be 
 only deemed an accidental variety between the conformation of 
 the columns composing the Giant's Causeway, and these consti« 
 tuting the inland pillars must be submitted to subsequent 
 enquiries to determine ; the cavities of the uppermost joints 
 which aie exposed to the action of the open air, on the surface 
 of the Causeway, afford considerable advantages to the neigh- 
 bouring peasantry, who in the summer season, fill these natural 
 basins so eommodiously adapted, by reason of their shallowness, 
 w ith salt water, which in the space of about four tides is 8o 
 effectually evaporated, that the residuary substance or crystaljza- 
 tion constitutes a kind of salt adequate to the consumption 
 recjuisite for the necessities of plain and humble cottagers, 
 Though the general articulation of the contiguous masses is^ 
 generally composed of alternate concavities and convexities, 
 still there are some figured joints discovered convex as well at 
 the top as at the bottom. The vast towering height of these 
 strait cemented columns, particularly of the most slender and 
 j)erfect, is extremely surprising, and deserves minute investiga- 
 tion > some of these extended along the Causeways are elevated 
 thirty- two feet, and others thirty-six feet above the strand, 
 but a few pillars situated among the organs, exceed forty- 
 two feet in altitude ; nor lias it as yet been accurately ascertained 
 how far a similar configuration extends below the surface of 
 ^he earth : this geiieral observation applicable to the joints 
 of the inland pillars, as well as of those composing the Giant's 
 Causeway, that those which are situated nearer to the earth, 
 are taller and longer than those placed near the top of the 
 column, fiUhough no diiTerence is observable in the cavities 
 er risings^ as they are placed higher or lower in the same 
 
"NEW traveller's Gvmz 
 
 pillar, as they continue nearly the same either in depth or 
 protuberance from the top to the bottom, yet the summit of 
 such columns as remain complete and entire, always terminates 
 with a flat joint on the upper side, and is neither convex 
 nor concave like all the rest placed beneath it : by what means 
 these strong joints go ponderous and so bulky, of so distinct 
 and discontinued bodies from each other, originally arrived to 
 this vast altitude, and crowned the summits of these tall columns, 
 where they are now ranged, appears a problem of such diffi- 
 culty, that in the absence of demonstration, their exJsionce is 
 conjectured to be coeval with the original creation of the uni- 
 verse ; the internal substance of the stone is composed of an 
 extraordinary hard, close, and compact, texture ; its grain is 
 so exceedingly fine and even, that it is scarcely distinguish- 
 able, except where the stone is newly broken, then it appears 
 on the surface hke a very minute small glistening sand, thickly 
 interspersed with the rest of the solid mass, which is more ponde- 
 rous in proportion to its bulk than most kinds of stones, except 
 such as partake of the machasite or pyrites, whose excessive 
 gravity results from the metalline principle constituting the 
 chief ingredient of the composition, of which quality this stone 
 does not at all seem to participate: it appears one plain 
 liomogneous mass, without any intermixture, of cochlite, belem- 
 nite veins of spar, or any other extraneous substance, so commonly 
 constituting other stoney concretes ; neither are there any rays, 
 furrows, strige, or any other description of lines discernible on 
 their surface, a circumstance which renders it capable of an 
 exquisite polish ; it pre-eminently possesses the rare quality of 
 the lapis lydius, basanus, or touch stone, so universally celebra- 
 ted for shewing the various impressions made by different 
 metals drawn or rubbed along its surface ; this stone is natura- 
 iy divided into small joints or pieces, and composed of so hard 
 and compact a body, either breaking or blunting the edges 
 of the best tools applied to cut or shape it, seems unfit for the 
 embellishment of houses or any other architectural designs 
 or statuary devices ; its rough natural surface exposed to the 
 open air, and beating of the weather, consists of a whitish 
 colour, similar to that appearance exhibited by lime-stone rocks, 
 hut the inside, when freshly severed and disunited, displays 
 a blackish iron grey, assimulating to the best black marble, 
 previous to its being polished, but of a somewhat darker shade; 
 in all other respects there is little difference between the sub- 
 stance of this stone and that of marble, although the com- 
 mon kind of marble is not of so hard and so close a body 
 
FOPt I RELATED, 
 
 537 
 
 but several kinds of marble in various respects differ ns much 
 from each other, as they do from this. iSince then the stone 
 of the Giant's Causeway so remarkably corresponds in hardness, 
 colour, and substance, v/ith the ^thiopic marble, described by 
 Pliny, which it so nearly resembles in many of its properties 
 that it may very aptly be referred to this well known species 
 of fossil, and may therefore be denominated the lapis besaltes, 
 or basanus hibernicus; these particular qualities constitute so 
 essential a difference from the properties of the entrochi, con- 
 sisting of cylindrical bodies never angular, and not exceeding 
 an inch in diameter, whose substance consists of a soft 
 britly matter, nearly resembling the grain and texture of the 
 lapis judaicus, which arc such signal and essential charac- 
 ters to distinguish it from the stone of the Giant's Cause- 
 way, that nothing would be more absurd in natural history, 
 than to reduce two minerals so vastly different to one and 
 the same tribe, whereas no considerable disagreement exists 
 between the columns of the besaltes misenus, and those of the 
 basaltus hibernicus, but that the former consists of one entire 
 stone, which in the latter is divided into joints ; such a distinc- 
 tion is only suflicient to constitute a bare specific difference. 
 A sort of marble has been discovered in the district of Hildes- 
 lieim, in Germany, which in several respects, bears a very strong 
 analogy to the stone of the Giant's Causev/ay ; this marble, like 
 that of the Giant's Causewa}", when forcibly struck by any other 
 hard substance, such as stone, or iron, emits a strong offensive 
 scent, resembling biynt iron The foregoing descriptions con- 
 stitute the substance of the observations, made at the close of the 
 16th century, that it may not be deemed irrelevant to subjoin the 
 subsequent discoveries made since that period, respecting the 
 various properties, and singular qualities of this extraordinary 
 fossil. Doctor Richardson asserts, that the county of Antrim, 
 with very little exception, is formed by accumulations of basalt 
 strata, which fossil must constitute a prominent feature in the 
 natural history of that county, and that no country has given 
 rise to more fanciful theories, and wild fantastical opinions start- 
 ed by naturalists, than the county of Antrim. An opinion once 
 universally prevailed, and was unreservedly adopted by travel- 
 lers prompted by curiosity to visit the Giant's Causeway, that it 
 was a volcanic production, and that all the rocks and stones 
 with which the county al)ound>j, were pure lava ; that the beau- 
 tiful columnar groupes situated in the northern jmrts were crys- 
 talizcd lava, and that at some very remote period, the cou?ity 
 
538 
 
 NEW TKAVELLRIl's GUIDE 
 
 was desolate J by vSiiccessive torrents of lava. This prevalent no- 
 tion was combatted with solid arguments, that this county ex- 
 hibited none of these features which constitute the distinctive 
 characteristics of volcanic productions ; the volcanic origin of 
 basalt, supported by plausible appearances, remained for a con- 
 siderable time unsuspected, and uncontradicted, until naturalists 
 began to discover the insufficency of the theory, and its incom- 
 patibility with facts in several instances, such as zeolite being 
 discovered, imbedded in basalt over the face of the whole coun- 
 ty of Antrim, as well as its being found in the same material in 
 other countries. 
 
 This fossil so abundantly dispersed throughout the wliole 
 county of Antrim, and deemed of so much importance by na- 
 turalists, is entitled to particular attention. Zeolite, supposed 
 to have been first discovered by Cronstedt, obtained its name 
 from the effervescence it makes when exposed to strong heat ; 
 this effect results from the quantity of water it contains; it exists 
 in the form of minute crystals composed of very delicate spicula^ 
 either diverging from, or converging towards a centre ; it is 
 likewise fusible in a very moderate heat, as was affirmed on the 
 authority of Cronstedt. All these distinct properties separately 
 prove, that basalt, the substance in which zeolite is invariably 
 found imbedded, could never have been exposed to intense heat, 
 and finally fused like lava ; as in all basaltic countries zeolite 
 is copiously dispersed through the masses of basalt : it is im])os- 
 sible that a substance possessed of such properties could resist 
 the glowing heat of a liquid lava; but the volcanic theorists, van- 
 quished by the irresistible force of philosophic deductions, en- 
 trenched their notions in hypothetical conjecture, by supposing 
 that zeolite is not a volcanic production, but a subsequent re- 
 production, formed by the decomposition of a volcanized earth, 
 acted on by the aqueous fluid. This preposterous supposition i e- 
 quires that the extensive basaltic strata, after having been con- 
 solidated in the process of cooling, should subsequently become 
 decomposed, merely to introduce the formation of zeolite, and 
 when this retrogade evolution of nature was unnecessarily effec- 
 ted, then that these identical strata should, by some occult 
 operation, be completely restored to the solid state in which 
 they at present exist. Without entering into minute description 
 respecting the various wild conjectures hazarded by naturalists 
 on the subject of zeolite, and its introduction into basalt, it is^ 
 only necessary to specify some particulars by which this fossil 
 mny be distinguished ivhen met with. The basalts are frequent- 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 539 
 
 ly very full of small white spots about the size of a pea, which 
 are zeolite; a sharp eye or a common microscope will accurately 
 discern its crystaline forms, and delicate spicula, which possess 
 singular electric {)roperties, and when mingfed wil li strong acids, 
 assume a gelatatinous form. This zeolite generally resides in 
 the coarser varieties of basalt with which the county of Antrim 
 abounds. As the district scarcely affords any gravel, the roads 
 are generally repaired with broken basalt, but the portion most 
 generally intermingled with zeolite is preferred by the workmen, 
 because most easily dissevered, although not composed of an 
 equally durable quality. 
 
 The red ochreous strata, which constitute such conspicuous 
 figures in the faces of many precipices, are urged as existing 
 testimonies of a volcanic creation ; they occasionally vary from 
 the extent of an inch to above twenty feet in thickness, and arc 
 disposed in uniform regularity ; but Doctor Richardson unans- 
 werably proves, that these various ochreous substances are no- 
 thing but trapp, or basalt, only differing in the quality of the 
 grain they actually possess, and occasionally exhibit ; his reason- 
 ing will justify the assertion, and flash conviction on every in- 
 dividual not predisposed to adhere to a generally received 
 notion, whimsically asserted, and pertcnaciously adhered tr, 
 because universally and inconsiderately adopted ; his reason ii.g 
 will constitute his best comment, which is so forcibly convincing, 
 that even scepticism must be puzzled how to demur against 
 arguments so cogently conclusive. Because this ochreous sub- 
 stance in its natural situation is found in every intermediate 
 state, between sound blue basalt, and ochre, red as minium, and 
 that the transition from one extreme to the other, is by shades ab- 
 solutely indescernible. These ochres, as well as other basalts, oc- 
 casionally contain the same extraneous matters, namely zeolit( s 
 and calcedonies, which are similarly dispersed through both, and 
 that the natural arrangement of basalt, and the different varie- 
 ties of ochre compose an extensive strata of uniform thickness, 
 and steady parallelism, mixing and alternating with each other. 
 Respecting the supposition, whether the change from basalt to 
 ochre was effected by the action of heat, the Doctor's reasons 
 against the probability of such a transition are perspicuously 
 decisive from the impossibility of heat being uuiformly applied 
 to strata of different dimensions and various thicknesses, some 
 of which often extend more than a mile, whose veins and rami- 
 fications are often composed of sound ba&alt and ocbr« mixed ; 
 
5i0 
 
 HEW traveller's guide 
 
 no violent o^^uniform heat could be partially applied to bodies 
 thus disposed, besides the zeolites nbiuidantly dispersed through 
 the ochres, could not sustain the intense degree of heat requisite 
 to effect the change, although the action of fire has a wonderful 
 effect in changing the colour of many bodies, and among tlie 
 rest of giving a reddish tint to basalt composing the walls of 
 kelp kilns, but a very slight inspection discovers the difference 
 between ochres, and calcined basalt. 
 
 The existence of human life is too limited to make the neces- 
 sary observations, whetiier the intermediate stages between 
 basalt and ochre, are progressively advancing to a more ochre- 
 ous state, or whether the original cause, which produced the 
 change has ceased to act, leaving these strata for ever to con- 
 tinue in their present apparent condition : many of the strata 
 about Ca^'^e Hill, appear in this intermediate state, exlubiting 
 different shades of liver colour, which has occasioned them to 
 be mistaken for porphyry. I'he strata at Bengorc-head assumes 
 a more decisive character, being composed of sonrid basalt, and 
 perfect ochre, while the facade which extends from the Giant's 
 Causeway to Port Rush, and Fort Stewart, displays every 
 variety of sound basalts, liver coloured, and pure ochre ; the 
 strata of pure ochre in this direction are very thin. The strata 
 which are generally composed of neat pillars, rarely become 
 ochreous or contain zeolite. The natural properties of these 
 singular natural curiosities, being thus summarily scetched, and 
 the different causes assigned for their original, being briefly 
 detailed ; it nov/ remains to suggest, how the curious visitor 
 may pursue the most pleasing access to the different positions, 
 where the niosL p.rominent curiosites are situated; which consist 
 first of basalt arranged in beautiful colonades, whose pillars are 
 composed of prismatic joints, executed with extreme neatness. 
 Second, whyn dykes consisting of stupendous walls, which issue 
 from the interior of Antrim, diverging in various directions, 
 and bury themselves into the sea. Third, basaltic hummocks 
 generally stratified, which are of all magnitudes, from the Gi- 
 gantic mountain to the most diminitiv^e hillock, scattered over 
 the entire extent of the county of Antrim. Fourth, the arrange- 
 ment and alterations of the strata so happily disclosed, as to 
 assist a more accurate penetration into the secrets of nature, 
 than could be developed in any other country. 
 
 The individual proposing to visit the Giant's Causeway, must 
 determine to fix his temporary residence, either at Coleraine or 
 Bushmills, in which choice he 'vill bs influenced by the naturtj 
 
FOR ITttLAND. 
 
 5^1 
 
 of the accommodation afforded at the commencement of his 
 visit. Bushmills from its proximity to the most important object, 
 is the more preferable station, should its accommodation corres- 
 pond with its other local advantaores. The circle comprehending 
 the curious objects contained between the Bush and the Ban, 
 remains the same, whences(^ever it is first encountered, suppose 
 from Colerainc. I'he visitor proceeding due east for a mile 
 and a half, is to turn to the left, at nearly a right angle by the 
 road to Ballylagan : here close to the road, just opposite to the 
 villa, there is a quarry or opening of the stratum, vv^here the 
 cavities still retain fresh water; proceeding then due north to 
 Ballywellan church, tlie bold ridge of hill on the right hanti, 
 displays the columnar and prismatic edges of the parallel strata, 
 by whose accumulation it is formed. At the distance ol" half a 
 mile, due east from the church, the beautiful facade of Craiga- 
 huller, is situated about two hundred yards from the road on 
 the right hand. This colonnade is composed of pillars nearly 
 aj)proaching the Giant's Causeway, in the neatness of their 
 structure. It is composed of two stratas, the lower is columnar, 
 tlie upper tier consists of that variety of Basalt generally de- 
 nominated irregular prismatic. The grain of the basalt in each 
 stratum is precisely the same, the principle of then' construction 
 is totally different, the columnar is formed into iartre articulated 
 pillars always vertical, the other consists of small unarticulated 
 prisms, having their axes indifferently projecting in all directions: 
 on the west side, they incline in a great angle to the west, and 
 on the east side, they slope towards the east, as at Craig<diulier, 
 nor are they always even rectilineal, but frequently undulate in 
 wavy curves. Notwithst:inding such important differences, 
 these strata preserve a very correct line of demarcation, and in 
 the transition from one stratum to another, the continuous soli- 
 dity of the substance is never interrupted, as appears from cracks 
 passing directly from one stratum deep into another. These 
 strata whicii arc perfectly solid, have been actually separated 
 by a subsequent operation, from the dilatation or contraction 
 occasioned by different degrees of heat and coltl. The irregular 
 ))rismatic, generally remain perfectly solid, and that tlie colum- 
 nar strata were originally equally compact, may be deduced 
 from tv.'o strong circumstances; first the hollows on the surface 
 of the Giant's Causeway hold water without leaking; and 
 secondly, the pillars at Fair Head are so firmly united, as not 
 to be severed by ii fall of two hundred feet elevation. This 
 altcrnatioa of strain, so conspicuously displayed on this facade 
 
6%t 
 
 NLW tkaveller's guide 
 
 of Craigahuller, and so general throughout the coast of An- 
 trim, constitutes the universal arrangement of basaltic configura- 
 tion all over the world, although hitherto unnoticed ; a circum- 
 stance which accurately considered, subverts all the visionary 
 theories framed concerning their original formation. The Cas- 
 tle of Dunluce so siagularly situated, affords no curiosities to 
 attract the naturalist*s particulap attention. On the entire road to 
 Ballintray the construction of the hills on the right, is displayed 
 by the frequent bassetting of the prismatic and columnar strata 
 alternating, as at Craigahuller. From the hill above Bailcntray, 
 the ridge of Croaghmore is discernible at about the distance of 
 five miles. Immediately below the bridge of Bushmills, the 
 arrangement of the strata is unfolded for inspection, the piers of 
 the bridge rest on the polygonal heads of columnar stratum, 
 and the water rushes through an openin^^ in the two strata. At 
 about the distance of fifty yards, on the western bank of the 
 river, there stands a facade composed of two strata, resembling 
 tliose of Craigahuller, but not of so neat a structure ; the small 
 pillars of the irregular prismatic are vertical, as at Dunmull 
 &i the northern extremity of the range ; the complete solidity of 
 the whole mass is ascertained by cracks, the great pillars of the 
 lower stratum passing into the smaller perpendicular prisms of 
 the upper, in like manner as an uplifted hand separates two 
 lingers. 
 
 The Hummock of Dunmull lies about half a mile more to the 
 west, and about a quarter of a mile north from the road ; its 
 gigantic prisms are deficient in neatness^ but have the basaltic 
 character indelibly impressed upon them. The dflightful little 
 jpeninsula of Portrush is e<(uidistant from Coleraine and Bush- 
 mills, being distant five miles from each. The opposite sides of 
 this peninsula exhibit a very striking contrast ; the western side 
 displays a magnificent range of rude massive columns about 
 eighty feet high, to the total exclusion of strata. The eastern 
 side is composed of an accumulation of diminutive strata, to the 
 entire exclusion of pillars. The white rocks situated about a mile 
 eastward of Portrush, are very well worth examining. Here a 
 beautiful calcareous facade extends to the distance of about half a 
 mile, capriciously hollowed into a vast number of magnificent 
 caves, all differing in magnitude from each other. Neither the ba- 
 saUic nor calcareous rocks extending alongthe sea coast receivethe 
 iJightest impression from the most violent and continued breach 
 of the sea, and are only acted on by attrition, when the waves 
 sweep away loose stones or other moveable materials in the ra- 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 pidity of their Career ; the water, however violently agitated, is 
 perfectly harmless. 
 
 The Giant's Causeway, and the magnificent promontory of 
 Bengore, are the next objects which require minute inspectiou 
 and patient investigation. The surface of the Giant's Cause- 
 way has been very appropriately compared to an honey comb, 
 each being composed of polygons, whose spaces are completely 
 filled by the bases of prisms. The bee, from instinctive mathe- 
 matical accuracy, foreseeing that the three angles of an hexagoa 
 fill space, constructs the comb of regular hexagonal prisms. la 
 the formation of the Giant's Causeway, this limitation is dispen- 
 sed with, and the general principle almost uniformly adopted 
 is, that where the converging angles exactly make tour riglit 
 angles, space is filled ; hence then it follows, that although the 
 Giant's Causeway be not limited to the hexagonal or any other 
 figure, and although their angles vary in magnitude, notwith- 
 standing, by making the unequal angles meeting in a point, 
 amount to tln-ee hundred and sixty degrees, the space is com- 
 pletely filled, as appears by the hollows on the surface holding 
 water. In the facades of Bengore, where the strata are inclinetl 
 to the horizon, the pillars are vertical, so that their attitude 
 is measured by a plumb line. The basaltic columns so mate- 
 rially differ in the neatness of execution, as instantaneously 
 transposed from the highest finish, until they become quite a 
 moiphous, yet the same stratum generally preserves nearly the 
 same degree of perfection or imperfection through the entire 
 range of its extent. The contiguous strata passing into each 
 other, with(nit interrupting the continuity of the material, to- 
 tally difier in the perfection of tlieir pillars. Thus the beautiful 
 upper range at Pleskin, and through the bay of Portmoon, 
 wiierever sufficient room is left for another stratum, always pas- 
 ses into a stratum of rude, massive, and short pillars, so ill exe- 
 cuted, as sometimes to become nearly amorphous. Here the 
 fossils, through every change of the material, and in every al- 
 teration, whether of an assumed form, or of the stone itself pas- 
 sing into another of a difierent species, the change is always in- 
 stantaneous and never gradual. 
 
 The spectator being conveniently stationed to view the whole 
 facade of Bengore in liont, will be particularly attracted by the 
 regular accent of the strata in the various positions where they 
 respectively emerge from the sea, until they culminate in the 
 middle point of the promontry ; or else tliat position may be se- 
 lected where the strata have attained the greatest elevation. 
 
KEW TRAVELLEIl's GUIDi: 
 
 whence tliey regularly slope on both sides, UDtil they successive- 
 ly sink beneath the surface of the water. 
 
 The next particular that attracts peculiar notice, is the re- 
 gular curve line bounding the surface of the facade, although 
 the portions of the strata are not affected by this irregularity, 
 as the hollows are formed by indentures of different depths, cut 
 through the steady masses of the strata, and ihat tfie more ele- 
 vated portions are formed by the aocumulation of new strain, 
 having their planes steadily parallel to all the rest of the perma- 
 nent strata, whose perpendicular section constitutes the superb 
 facades of Ben.'Tore. 
 
 The seventh is composed of very neat pillars, each fifty-four 
 feet long ; this likewise forms the upper range at Pleskin, and 
 exhibits the most beautiful colonades in the entire range of this 
 district. This seventh stratum just emerges at Portmoon, gra- 
 cuially ascending along the face of the precipice, until it reach- 
 es a delightful convex facade contiguous to the northern point, 
 where its apex ascends to the immense elevation of three hun- 
 dred and sixty-four feet ; thence it is carried away, and is again 
 resumed at Pleskin at about six feet higher, and is no more lost: 
 hence it gradually sinks, until it reaches the hill above the Cau- 
 sewa}', whence the system terminates. 
 
 The eight stratum composed of irregular prismatic, is fiftv- 
 four feet thick, it immerges near Portnioon, where it appears half 
 over, half under the water ; it ascends, culminates and dips si- 
 milarly to the superincumbent layers, until it reaches its ter- 
 mination, and about thirty feet above the Giant's Causeway, con- 
 stitutes the intersection of the plane of the ninth stratum, com- 
 posed of very neat pillars about forty-four feet high ; it emerges 
 nearly about Portmoon, wdiere its surface forms the bases of 
 two islands, Beanyn, and Duana, it then ascends, displaying 
 nice colonades along the facade, occasionally disclosed tlirougli 
 the perpendicularity of the rock ; afterwards it culminates at the 
 northern point where the colonade above is lost. The bases of 
 its pillars are here elevated above two hundred and forty feet 
 above the surface of the sea. In its western direction, it occa- 
 sionally dips, until it ultimately reaches the sea at the Giant's 
 Causeway. At the two intersections of this stratum with the 
 plane of the sea, the prisms and pillars are precisely similar ; 
 the span of the intermediate arch is about two miles in extent, 
 and its greatest elevation is about two hundred and eighty feet. 
 
 The tenth stratum on which the base of the Giant's Causeway 
 rests, is Ochreous, and displays a very conspicuous appearance 
 
FOR IHELA^D. 
 
 along the entire range of the promontory being as red as brick. 
 The immersion and emersion of this stratum are lost, tkrougb 
 the insufficiency of an exact perpendicularity to disclose them. 
 The remaining six strata are composed of tabular basalt, which 
 emerge successively from the northern extremity of Portinoon, 
 and conjointly immerge on the opposite side of the bay from the 
 Giant's Causeway, whence they may be distinctly viewed. 
 
 The. promontory of Bengore being accurately explored, the 
 investigation should be castwardly pursued along this most en- 
 chanting coast, where no particularly distinctive object occurs 
 between Dunseverish and Ballintray : here a boat ought to be 
 pre-engaged, in order that the highly diversified scenery, and 
 the delightful facades the coast exhibits in the intervening space 
 to Ballycastle may be the more distinctly inspected. 
 
 The rocky Island of Carrickarade, contiguous to the main 
 land, displays a solitary specimen of unstratifjed columnar ba- 
 salt : here is a delightful cave about thirty feet high, seemingly 
 formed by the removal of the lower part of each column ; it is 
 pervious to a boat for a considerable distance, not however with - 
 out some terror causied by the impending columns seemingly 
 suspended without any visible support. Across the dreadful 
 chasm which separates the island from the main land, a totter- 
 ing rope bridge is stretched ; the nerves of the individual who 
 ventures to pass over it, must be better strung than the crazy 
 materials of which this passage seem to be braced or united : here 
 the facade on the east side changing from a solid mass, the configu- 
 ration of columnar and ochreous basalt is three hundred and fif- 
 ty feet high. Beyond this, the re-appearance of white lime stone 
 facades, exhibits a most magnificent spectacle from the mouth 
 of the cave ; proceeding eastward towards Kenbaan, the irregu- 
 lar prominences perpendicularly erected between the foot of the 
 precipice and the sea, appear bolder and sharper than these 
 situated below Bengore ; that they are not ruins or severed frag- 
 ments, which have originally fallen from the summits of the 
 cliffs, but ate detached parts of tlie primitive rock standing 
 where they had been formed, is confirmed by their stratification 
 corresponding with that of the original facade. 
 
 Kenbaan is a delightful little peninsula like Dunluce ; it was 
 selected as a secure residence, from the difficulty and narrow- 
 ness of its approach, and consequent solidity of its defence : 
 here the junction of the basalt and the lime stone instantaneously 
 combine without interrupting the solidity of the whole mass. 
 The row along the coast, displays its beauty as far as Ballycas- 
 tle, which the curious visitor should select as a station, whence 
 h« may make threeveryinterestingexpcditionsj^first, totheisland 
 
 4 A 
 
546 
 
 NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 of Ptatlilin, where the arrangement of the materials, and thedispo- 
 sition of the strata are more decidedly marked than on the main 
 l iiul, being less deranged from their horizontal positions, here the 
 jimc-stone crosses through the centre of the island, without rising 
 much above the level of the sea. The precipices ranged along 
 the coast on the northern face of the island, particularly 
 about Ken Truan, are more terrific than any others on the 
 coast, being four hundred and fifty feet high> without any pro- 
 jecting base, as on the shore of the main land. At Ken Truan, 
 they directly immerge into deep water. 
 
 The second expedition recommended to be -.undertaken, is to 
 coast round Fair Head to Murlough, thence to return by land 
 to Baliycastle ; the columnar range of Fair Head is the most 
 magnificent basaltic facade yet discovered ; its pillars are two 
 hundred and fifty feet each, these gigantic columns are of cu- 
 rious construction, each of them being composed of an accumu- 
 lation of smaller pillars rjearly resembling these shafts which 
 adorn the Gothic architecture of cathedrals ; this construction 
 3s not merely apparent and superficial in the columns at Fair 
 Head, for when broken across, the section exhibits the polygo- 
 nal bases of the component pillars. The tides along this coast 
 run FO very violently, as to render it impossible to stem them, 
 and the ebb returning to the westward, and meeting this heavy 
 swell returning from the ocean, causes so tremendous a rolling, 
 a« renders sailing extremely dangerous. This peril is easily 
 avoided by setting out from Baliycastle with the flood tide, and 
 rowing along the coast to enjoy the stupendous scenery, then to 
 land at Murlogh, and return by the summit at the precipice, 
 W'here the path leads down to the collieries, which can be lei- 
 surely examined, the coasting portion of the expedition bein^ 
 quickly executed by the rapidity of the tide. 
 
 A tour to Knock is the third excursion whiph may be under- 
 taken from this station of Baliycastle, whence a good road leads 
 to the valley of Glenshisk, where a breach or opening affords an 
 opportunity of tracing the mode in which nature has arranged 
 its schistoze fossil, in so different a manner, from thp modifi- 
 cntion of basalt and lime stone, the only fossils hitherto met 
 with. The schistus is disposed in angles rarely varying much 
 from sixty degrees, while basalt, lime stone, and the fi'eestone 
 strata situated about the coliiefiesg generally run from about 
 f-2ven to ten degrees. At the valley of Glenshisk, the road turns 
 to tbe west, and leads through the Glyn between Knocklaid and 
 Bohul Brcg;igh to Ardmoy ; within a quarter of a mile of this 
 idlkge, the basalt begins to appear among the field stones^ bu^ 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 54<7 
 
 the actual line of demarcation on a change of material is rarely 
 discoverable. The mountain opposite to Bohul Bregagh is com- 
 posed of stratified sand stone through its whole circuit. Knock- 
 laid is situated on the right. 
 
 Another curiosity denominated whyn dykes, peculiar to the 
 county of Antrim in this kingdom, and to the discovery of wliich, 
 the world is indebted to the researches of the learned and sa- 
 gacious Doctor Richardson, remains to be described. These 
 curious walls, have in Scotland, obtained the name of dykey 
 from tlieir often serving as fences, and the material of which 
 they consist in the Gaslic language, signifies basalt. Antrim 
 appears to be the native country of whyn dykes, its whole coast 
 from Portrush to Belfast being crossed by them ; they are very 
 common in the Orkneys and Hebrides ; they are also found 
 to exist in different quarters of the world, as discovered subse-* 
 quently to the luminous description of their configuration ex- 
 plained in a memoir written by this ingenious and Reverend 
 Doctor, and inserted in the transactions of the Royal Irish Aca- 
 demy. As these most extraordinary productions attract public 
 curiosity, and have excited general investigation, it is necessary 
 to examine the singular construction of these gigantic walls, situ- 
 ated in the vicinity of the Giant's Causeway, for which purpose, 
 the visitor should secure a boat to await him, either at Bailin- 
 trav, or Portnabaw, beinor the safest boat harbours throujjh the 
 entire range of this wild and boisterous coast, and should the 
 weather permit, an opportunity will be given of viewing these 
 magnificent colonades to infinitel}^ more advantage, than by 
 peeping from the summits of the projecting points at the oppo- 
 site sides of the great amphitheatre. Should the turbulence of the 
 circumjacent ocean however preclude the possibility of selecting 
 this advantageous position, — 
 
 The next most favourable point for examination to be chosen, 
 is Port Cooan, where a magnificent cave, accessible by land on 
 the west side, and opening through the rock with awful gran- 
 deur towards the north, may be safely surveyed ; a boat can 
 row into it at all times of the tide for a considerable distance, 
 but the most singular object of curiosity, which must attract 
 particular attention, is a solitary pyramidical rock situated in 
 this little bay. This bold elevated mass, consists of stratified 
 basalt, to which the ruins of a very beautiful whyn dyke are at- 
 tached on the eastern side, separated into distinct compnrtments, 
 each exhibiting its peculiarly characteristic construction by ho- 
 rizontal prisms, in more distinctive characters than in any other 
 dyke ranged alonjj tlie coast, or dipping into the sjea. On the 
 
5i8 
 
 NJEW TRAVELLEk's GUIDE 
 
 eastern side of the bold rocky promontory perforated by tlic 
 cave, are the remains of another dyke forming the side of tlie 
 little boat harbour at Port na Baw ; most of these whyn dykes 
 are composed of horizontal prisms, sub-divisible into smaller 
 |)risms, also horizontal ; the neatness of the different prisms va- 
 ries in different dykes. In some dykes, the construction of the 
 component prisms is singularly neat, while the constituent prisms 
 remain very imperfect; in others, the constituent prisms are ac- 
 curately finished, while the component ones are only rudely sket- 
 ched. The Giant's Causeway is cut through by two dykes, one 
 of which only appears in two spots, cutting down from the sum- 
 mit of the preccpice, then lost, but afterwards becomes dis- 
 cernible underneath among the prisms. The second dyke is 
 only visible at the point where the Causeway seems to issue 
 from the foot of the precipice. This dyke, so critically situated 
 in so accessible a spot, has escaped the observation of all pre- 
 ceding investigations, until discovered by the penetrating saga- 
 city of Dr. Richardson. This dyke seems to be similarly con- 
 structed to the constituent prisms of the Port na Baw dyke. 
 
 In the bay called Port Naffer, bounded by the Giant's Cause- 
 ^vay on the west, three whyn dykes range through the preci- 
 pice from the summit, and plunge into the- sea across the 
 beach ; here an opportunity is ofiered of examining the surface 
 of these dykes ; where they are level with the beach, not any two 
 of these dykes exactly resemble each other in all the particulari- 
 ties of their configuration. The dyke at Ravinvalley forms the 
 eastern point of the crescent, of which the Giant's Causeway con- 
 stitutes the western boundary. This dyke runs three hundred 
 and twenty feet from the vertex of th^ precipice to the water, 
 whence only it is accessible, and where its continuous solidity 
 with the main rock through which it pursues its vertical course 
 is discernible ; after plunging into the water, it again emerges 
 at about the distance of twenty yards from the precipice, and 
 displays the liorizontal construction of its prisms. 
 
 The next dyke is situated in the contiguous bay of Port na 
 Spagna ; this dyke is about twelv^e feet broad, and cuts down 
 from the summit of the precipice, displaying its horizontal 
 prisms contrasted with the vertical pillars of the perpendicular 
 facade through the extent of about one hundred ^nd eighty feet; 
 this dyke is buried under the rubble scattered about the base of 
 the facade, but it again re-appears at the beach, where it darts 
 into the sea. The component prisins of this dyke are between 
 four and five feet in diameter, while the constituent ones are no 
 more than an inch ; the hardness of^he stone where washed by 
 
FOR miLAND. 
 
 the sea is extraordinary, and hardly separable by the heaviesr 
 sledfres. 
 
 There is another dyke situated near the beautiful village o* 
 Seaport ; these dykes gradually pass from the greatest to the mi- 
 nutest size. The great dyke westward of Belfast, is about teu 
 yards wide. The dyke near Ballycastle, called the great Oaw, 
 is very wide, whilst those more westwardly situated, run from 
 six to twelve feet. The dyke at the head of the Giant's Cause- 
 way, when fairly explored, is nearly twenty feet wide, whilst 
 the contiguous one is scarcely three. 
 
 The dyke at Portrush is about seventeen inches wide. 
 The very curious dyke situated at the Horse Shoe Harbour 
 under Pleskin, scarcely exceeds three inches, but in that small 
 space, it exhibits different materials ; the centre consists of retf 
 jaspar, while the sides are composed of basalt, much finer in 
 grain tlum the strata they cut through. For a more copious de- 
 scription of these most singular operations of nature, and the 
 causes assigned for their extraordinary configuration, consult 
 Dr. Richardson's luminous arguments, inserted in the appendix 
 of the Reverend Mr. Dubordieu's elaborate Statistical Survey of 
 the County of Antrim. In a selection of this description, it is 
 hoped enough has been said to direct the curious and intelli- 
 gent visitor to the various situations of these stupendously su- 
 blime objects, unrivaled in the grandeur and magniiicence of 
 jiieir construction by any other natural curiosity as yet disco- 
 vered in any quarter of the universe. 
 
 It only remains to observe, that every shire or county in this 
 island, returns two members to the Imperial Parliament, in 
 whose election the ragged peasant, possessed of a mud built 
 hovel, and a scanty potatoc garden, if he can produce a lease of 
 a certain description, specifying that he is worth forty shillings 
 annual yearly profit, (frequently fabricated for this vile pur- 
 pose) has as ample a vote as the wealthiest private gentleman 
 possessed of the greatest fee simple estate. Thus county elec- 
 tions are frequently decided by the preponderating numerical 
 superiority of the rabble, who for electioneering traffic, are 
 induced by their landlords, whose abject vassals they actually 
 are, to tamper with their conscience for political purposes ; the 
 principle of conscientious compunction being thus effectually 
 sapped, this contamination will be uniformly displayed, wherever 
 the private views of the individual thus corrupted, can be for- 
 warded at the expence of conscience ; this is a crying political a* 
 well as moral evil, which requires to be extinguished by legi- 
 slative interference, as it constitutes an exhaustic? source of na- 
 
550 
 
 NEW traveller's GUIDE 
 
 tional depravity and immoral degradation. Substantial private 
 property, acquired by industry, or possessed by inheritance, 
 should alone be invested with the elective franchise, which cir- 
 cumstance only can render such a privilege respectable, and 
 purged from perjury ; besides the prospect of being enrolled a 
 member among respectable freeholders, would operate as an 
 additional incentive to industrious individuals, honestly to aquire 
 that competency requisite to entitle them to such a distinction. 
 Much might be said, but it is hoped a hint is sufficient. 
 
 By the term rigMand left uniformly adhered to in describing all 
 the roads diverging from the capital in all their diversified ra- 
 mifications, the traveller is supposed as setting out from the city ; 
 which plan has been adopted for the sake of perspicuity, and 
 uniformity; a method it is hoped, which will prevent any embar- 
 rassment or perplexity. 
 
rOR IRELAND. 551 
 
 4. Table of Fairs held in every month of the year in this 
 
 County. 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Time. 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Time, 
 
 
 Jan. 
 
 
 May. 
 
 
 
 Antrim. . . * . 
 
 1 
 
 Crumlin, >. \st Mon. 
 
 driiinlin. - Is/ Mon. 
 
 
 Ballymoney 
 
 5 
 
 J_/t;i V-Ji^IV • • • • 
 
 12 
 
 Parkofafp . - . . 
 
 J. CLm. x\.c^tx\,\^ m * • • 
 
 7 
 
 
 25 
 
 Ballinderry, 2d Moji. 
 
 
 
 
 Templepatrick • . 
 
 11 
 
 0 S 
 
 
 Carrickfergus ... 
 
 12 
 
 IBallyclare, Last TueS' 
 
 
 Antrim .... 
 
 12 
 
 
 Cushendall 
 
 Glenavy . ... 
 
 14 
 14 
 
 
 Feb. 
 
 Connor .... 
 
 1 
 
 Dunloy . , • . . 
 
 15 
 
 Crumlin, . \st JMoji^ 
 
 
 Ballinure .... 
 
 15 
 
 JLitll C V 111 VJl ZiCC ATj.Urlt 
 
 Park gate .... 
 
 
 T^prvnrW 
 
 1 
 
 i t> 
 
 7 
 
 Mosside .... 
 
 21 
 
 J3ernicc, . 15/ TJturday 
 
 
 Drimbar .... 
 
 21 
 
 cfter Candletnas^ O.S' 
 
 
 Carnmoney, 1st Fues. 
 
 
 I ,lniiD"n . . 
 
 X-^HJllcill . . . • 
 
 8 
 
 Old Stile 
 
 
 r^imlipnflfil 1 . . 
 
 14 
 
 Roup-hfort. . '^d Tiie<i. 
 
 
 Duploy .... 
 
 15 
 
 0. s. 
 
 
 Lougli Gill • • « 
 
 19 
 
 Armoy . • • . 
 
 25 
 
 Dervock . ... 
 
 23 
 
 Portglenone 
 
 25 
 
 Armoy . . . . 
 
 25 
 
 Ballyclare, 2d Tues. 
 
 
 
 0. S. 
 
 
 
 
 T^allvrast^p T^n^f Fup^ 
 
 
 Crumlin . \st Mon. 
 
 
 Glenarm . . • . 
 
 
 Cushendall , • • 
 
 1 7 
 
 Cloiicrh - ^ . . - 
 
 97 
 
 Bush Mills . , . 
 
 28 
 
 ^ o 
 
 
 
 
 uune^ 
 
 Armoy .... 
 
 29 
 
 Crumlin, . \st Mon. 
 
 
 
 
 T^nll intnv 
 
 Q 
 
 v> 
 
 
 
 Crumlin . 1st Mon. 
 
 ; April. 
 
 Ahoghil . . . . 
 
 4 
 
 
 Drumadoon . . . 
 
 9 
 
 Clough, Easier Mon. 
 Dervock . ... 
 
 
 Parkgate, . '2d Mon. 
 
 
 16 
 
 Oldstone . . . 
 
 13 
 
 Stranocum 
 
 20 
 
 Brough Shane . . . 
 
 17 
 
 Ballycastle, EasterTues, 
 
 
 Loughgill .... 
 
 19 
 
 
 Bally carry .... 
 
 21 
 
 
 
 
 May. 
 
 Dervock-race . . . 
 
 22 
 
 Connor .... 
 
 i 
 
 Bush Mills . ... 
 
 28 
 
15^ VE^r traveIler's guidi 
 
 Places where kcld» 
 
 Cushendall 
 
 Time. 
 
 Jun c. 
 26 
 29 
 
 Mountbill .... 
 Crumlin, . I si Mon. 
 8bane castle . . 
 Baliimoiiey . 
 Templepatrick 
 liandiilstown . 
 Lisburn . . . 
 Mosside 
 Calyclare, . 2d Tues. 
 O. S. 
 
 Bab'niena .... 
 Ballycastle 
 Ballinagobog Bridge 
 X^arne . . . . . 
 
 Antrim 
 Crumlin 
 Connor 
 Clongb . 
 Parkga,te 
 Ballinderry, 
 Belfost . 
 Dervock 
 Cusbendall 
 Dunloy 
 Annoy 
 
 1st Mon, 
 
 2d Mon 
 
 July, 
 1 
 
 3 
 10 
 10 
 
 \Cy 
 21 
 21 
 
 26 
 26 
 26 
 31 
 
 Places vohere held. 
 
 Loughgill 
 Babycarry 
 Craigbillv 
 Busb Mills 
 Abogbil 
 Ballvcastle, 
 
 August, 
 
 Last Tues, 
 
 12 
 12 
 14. 
 15 
 16 
 19 
 20 
 21 
 24. 
 26 
 
 Broilgbshane . . . 
 Crumlin, . Is^ Mon, 
 
 Sept. 
 1 
 
 Balbnure 
 Ball in toy 
 Cusbcndall 
 
 Mountbill 
 Crumlin, 
 Lisburn 
 Ballimoney 
 Shanes castle 
 Abogbil 
 Ballintoy . 
 Ballimena . . 
 Busb Mills . 
 Ball inure 2d Tues. 
 Old&tone . . 
 Dervock 
 Connor 
 Templepatrick ith Tues. 
 O, S, 
 
 Glen arm .... 
 Glenavy .... 
 Ballicarry . . . . 
 Ballicastle, Last Tues. 
 
 Carrickfergus 
 Randalstown 
 Crumlin, . 
 Ballinderry, . 
 Ballicarry, . 
 Park gate 
 Belfast . . 
 Clougb . . 
 Antrim . . 
 Armoy . . 
 Dun luce 
 Cusbeiidall 
 Dunloy 
 Rasharkin 
 TuUamore 
 
 1^^ Mon, 
 2d Mon 
 2d Mon 
 
FOR IRELAND. 
 
 553 
 
 • 
 
 Places wh gre held. 
 
 Time. 
 
 Nov, 
 
 Places where held. 
 
 Time. 
 
 Dec. 
 
 Loughgill .... 
 
 19 
 
 
 1 
 
 Mosside . ... 
 
 23 
 
 Crumlin, . 1st Mon. 
 
 
 Drumadoon . . . 
 
 26 
 
 
 
 Carnmoney, Tues. 
 
 
 Ahoghill .... 
 
 5 
 
 0. S. 
 
 
 Clough .... 
 
 10 
 
 Ralulare, 2.i Tues. 0. S. 
 Roughfort, . 3d Tues. 
 0. S. 
 
 
 Bush Mills . . . 
 
 12 
 
 
 Cushendall . . . 
 
 22 
 
 
 Armoy .... 
 
 25 
 
 Ballycastle, Last Tues. 
 
 
 Stranowen . . . 
 
 29 
 
 4 B 
 
LIST 
 
 OF THE 
 
 ^mU€oufits in 3^timh ; 
 
 THEIR TIMES OF DEPARTURE AND ARRIVAL, 
 &C. &C. 
 
 ROYAL MAIL-COACH OFFICE. 
 12, Damon- Street, 
 
 CORK MAIL-COACH 
 
 Sets out a quarter before Eight o' Clock every niglit, jii?- 
 sing through Naas, Kilcullen, Castledermot, Carlow, Leighliu 
 Bridge, Royal Oak, Kilkenii}^, Clonmel, Clogheen, Fermoy. 
 and arrives at Cork at half-past Nine the following night. A 
 Coach sets out from Cork every night at half-past Seven o'clock, 
 passing through the forementioned stages, and arrives in 
 Dublin at Nine o'clock the following night. The Cork Day 
 Mail-Coach sets out from No. 12, Dawson- Street, a quarter 
 before One in the afternoon^ passing through Naas, Kilcullen^ 
 Athy, Stradbally, Abbylaix, Durrow, Littleton, Cashcl, Cahir, 
 Mitchel'stown, F'ermoy ; and arrives at Cork at half-past Two 
 the following day. A Coach starts from Cork every day at One 
 o'clock, passing through the same stages, and arrives at Dublin 
 at Three o'clock the following afternoon. On the arrival of 
 the Cork Mid-day Coach from Dublin at Cahir, a Mail starts 
 at Six o'clock in the morning through Clonmel for Waterford. 
 A Coach returns from Waterford at Two o'clock in the after- 
 noon, and arrives at Cahir at Nine at Night to meet the Dublin 
 bound Mid-day Mail-coach from Cork, 
 
MAIL COACHES. 
 
 655 
 
 THE KILKENNY DAY COACH 
 
 Starts every morning at Seven o*clock from No. 12, Dawson- 
 Street, passing through Naas, Kilcullen, Castlcdermot, Carlow, 
 Leighlin Bridge, Royal Oak, and arrives at Kilkenny to dinner. 
 A Coach leaves Kilkenny every morning, running a similar route, 
 and arrives at Dublin to dinner. A Mail-coach starts from 
 Cork for Killarney at Six o'clock every morning, passing 
 through Macroomc and Mill-street, and arrives at Killarney at 
 Five o'clock in the evening. 
 
 THE LIMEillCK MAIL-COACH 
 
 Starts from 46, Dawson- Street, at a quarter before Eight 
 o'clock every night passing through Naas, Kildare, Monas- 
 tereven, Maryborough, Montrath, Burris, lloscrea, Nenf\gh, 
 and arrives at Limerick at Three in the afternoon. At hali" past 
 Three, a Coach proceeds from Limerick to Ennis, and returns 
 in the morning to breakfast, at Limerick. A mail-coach starts 
 every morning from Limerick at Six o'clock, passing through 
 Crocme, Doneraile, Charleville, Mallow, and arrives at Cork 
 before dinner; another Mail-coach starts from Limerick at 
 Six o'clock, every morning passing through Bruftj Castleoliver, 
 Fermoy, and arrives at Cork before dinner; this Coach proceeds 
 ii;3Xt morning through Macroomc, Mill-street, and Killarney to 
 'j'rcilee. 
 
 THE LIMERICK DAY COACH 
 
 Starts from the same office at half past Seven o'clock every 
 morning, halts for the night at Mountrath, and arrives next 
 di\y at Limerick at Four o'clock. 
 
 THE GALWAY MAIL-COACH 
 
 Starts from this office at a quarter before Eight every 
 night, passing through Leixlip, Maynooth, Clonard, Kinne- 
 gad, Kilbegan, Moat, Athloiie, Ballinasloe, Loughrea, and 
 arrives at Galway at Five o'clock in the afternoon. On the arrival 
 of this mail at Ballinasloe at half-past Ten in the morning, a 
 lateral Mail-coacl; is dispatched tor Westport, through Tuam, 
 
556 
 
 MAIL-COACHES. 
 
 Hollymount, and Castlebar, and returns from tlicse places at 
 Ballinasloe at Three o'clock, to meet the mail for Dublin. 
 
 THE SLIGO MAIL-COACH 
 
 Starts from this office at a quarter before Eight every cveninr^, 
 passing through Leixhp, Maynooth, Clonard, Kinnegad, Mu7- 
 lingar, Ratho^ven, Edgeworths-tovvn, Longford, Roosky-bridge, 
 Drumsna, Carrick on Shannon, Boyle, Colloony, and arrives at 
 Sligo at Five o'clock in the afternoon ; on the arrival of the Mail 
 at Colloony, a coach starts for Balliria and arrives next day 
 in sufficient time to meet the Dublin mail. 
 
 THE ATHBOy COACH 
 
 Starts from this office at Nine o'clock in the morning, on 
 Sundays, Wednesdays, and Fridays, and arrives at Athboy at 
 half-past two ; it returns at the same hour on Tuesdays, Thurs- 
 days, and Saturdays, arriving in Dublin ^t half past two o'clock, 
 
 THE ATHI.ONE COA(^n 
 
 Starts from this office at Six o' Clock in the Morning, on 
 Sundays, Tuesdays, and Fridays, passing through Leixlip, May- 
 iiooth, Carberry, Edenderry, Philipstown, Tullamore, Clara- 
 moat, and arrives at Athlone at Six o'clock in the evening ; it 
 returns at the same hours, and by the same road, on Mondays 
 Wednesdays, and Saturdays. 
 
 THE CASTLEPOLLARD COACH 
 
 Starts from this office at Eight o'clock on the mornings of 
 Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays, passing through Trim, 
 Athboy, Castletown-delvin, and arrives at Castlepollard at four 
 o'clock ; whence, a Diligence immediately proceeds to Granard, 
 and returns to Castlepollard at Nine o'clock the next morning ; 
 a Coach starts from Castlepollard, on Sundays, Wednesdays, 
 and Fridays, arriving at Dublin, at Five o'clock on these eve^ 
 lyings. 
 
MAIL-COACHES. 
 
 THE MONAGHAN COACH 
 
 Starts from this -office at Ten minutes before Six, on tlie 
 mornings of Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, passing through 
 Drogheda, C^.olien Ardee, Carrickmacross, and Castleblaney, 
 and returning by the same stages, on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and 
 Saturdays; it arrives in Dublin at Six o'clock in the evening. 
 This Coach receives and drops passengers at Farrel'-^ Hotel, 
 JDominick-Street. 
 
 THE MULLINGAR DAY COACH 
 
 Starts from this office every morning at Ten o'clock, arrives 
 at Mullingar before dinner. A coach leaves Mulhngar every 
 morning at Six o'clock, and arrives in Dublin at Two in the 
 afternoon. 
 
 THE TARSONSTOWN COACH. 
 
 The Parsonstown Coach starts from this office at Six o'clock, 
 on the m.ornings of Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday, passing 
 through Naas, Kildare, Monastereven, Portar-ington, and 
 Mountmellick ; arrives at Parsonstown at half-past Six in the 
 evening, and returns on Mondays, Wechiesdays, and Fridays, 
 by the same stages, and at the same hours, 
 
 THE WEXFORD MAIL COACH 
 
 Starts every evening at a quarter before Eight o^clock, from 
 the ofilce, No. 41, Exclie(juer-Street, passing through Bray, 
 Arklovv, Gorey, Ferns, Eniscorthy, and Wexford. 
 
 THE ARKLOW COACH 
 
 Starts from tliis office at Eight o'clock, on the mornings of 
 Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, arrives at Arklow at Five 
 o'clock in the evening, and leaves Arklow at Seven o'clock, on 
 the mornings of Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday, arriving in 
 Dublin at Four o'clock in the evening. 
 
553 
 
 MAIL-COACIUS. 
 
 TIIi: NORTHEIIN" MAIL COACH 
 
 Starts every evening at Forty miimtes after Seven o'clock, 
 from the office, 97, Capel-Street, passing through Balbriggan, 
 Drogheda, Dunleer, Castlebeilingliani, Diiiidalk,' Newry, Ban- 
 bridge, Dromoro, Hillsborough, Lisbuni, Belfast, and Donagii- 
 adee, between whicli town and Port- Patrick, reguhir Packets 
 axe established, which immediately sail on the arrival of the 
 mail at either place. 
 
 ENNISKILLEN Mx\IL COACH 
 
 Starts from this ofHce every evening at Forty minutes after 
 Seven o'clock, passing through Duiishaughiin, Navan, Kells, 
 Virginia, Cavan, N?wtown-ButIer, Lineskea, Maguire's- Bridge, 
 and thence to Enniskillen. 
 
 THE CAVAN COACH 
 
 Starts from this office at Six o'clock, on the mornings of 
 Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday, passing through Navan and 
 Kells, and returns, at tiie same hours, on Mondays, Wedueb- 
 days, and Fridays. 
 
 THE COOTEHILL COACH 
 
 Starts from this office at Six o'clock, on the mornings of 
 Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, and returns by the same 
 rout, at the same hours, on Tuesday, Thursday, and Friday, 
 and arrives at both destinations at Five o'clock in the evening. 
 
 A Coach starts from this office for Kells, every Sunday 
 morning at Ten o'clock. 
 
 KILLESHANDEA MAIL COACH 
 
 Stauts from this office at Six o'clock, on the morning-s of 
 Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, passing through Dunshaugh- 
 lin, Jslavan, Keils, Old-castle, St. Nugent, Ballynaught, Cross- 
 doney ; arrives at Killeshandra at Seven o'clock in the evening, 
 and returns on the mornings of Tuesday, Thursday, and Satur^ 
 day, by the same stages, and at similar hours. 
 
:.IAIL-COACPIES. 
 
 LONDONDEIIRY MAIL COACH 
 
 Starts at halF-pasl Seven o'clock, every evening, from Gos- 
 son's Hotel, No. 6, Bolton-Street, passinij tlirouj^h Balbriggari, 
 Drogheda, Collon, Ardee, Carrickmacross* Castleblaney, Slo 
 naghan, Aughnacioy, Oniugh, Strabane, and Deny. 
 
 THE NEWRY DAY COACPI 
 
 Starts from this Hotel at Six o'clock, and another at halF- 
 past Seven, every morning, both passing through Balbriggan, 
 Drogheda, Dunleer, Castlcbellingham, Dundalk, and Newry, 
 and proceed from thence with the Mail through Market-hiit, 
 Armagh, and Moy, to Dungannon. 
 
 DROGHEDA COACHES 
 
 Start from this Hotel every day, one at Eight o'clock in 
 the morning, and another at One o'clock in the afternoon, 
 
 THE ENNISKILLEN AND KILLESHANDRA COACH 
 
 Starts from this Hotel at Six o'clock, on the mornings of 
 Wednesday, Friday, and Sunday, passing through Atlibo}^, 
 Clonmellon, Old-castle, Mountnugent, Kiiieshandra, to Ennis- 
 killen, and returns by the same stages on Tuesdays, Thursdays, 
 and Saturdays, at similar hours. 
 
 THE DROGHEDA MAIL COACH 
 
 Starts from No. 2, Bolton -Street, at half-past Seven o clock 
 £very morning, and a Coach returns each day. 
 
 THE WATERFORD MAIL COACH 
 
 Starts at a quarter before E'ght o'clock every evening, from 
 the iNloira Hotel, New Sackville- Street, passing ihrougli Naas, 
 KilcuUen, Timolin, Carlow, Gowran, Thomastown, and Wa- 
 terford. — A Mail Coach runs daily from Kilkenny to Watcrford. 
 
560 
 
 MAIL-COACHES. 
 
 THE EXNESCORTHY COACH 
 
 Starts from this Hotel on the mornings of , Tuesday, Thurs- 
 flay, and Saturday, passing through Blessington, Baltingiass, 
 Tuilow, and Newtown-barry, and returns on Sundays, Wed- 
 nesdays, and Fridays, by the sania stages, and at similar hours. 
 
 A Mail Coach starts every day from the Mail Coach Office, 
 Waterford, for Passages, the New Packet station, to South 
 Wales and West of England. 
 
 A Coach starts from Newross to Dublin, on the mornings of 
 Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday. 
 
 THE V7ELLINGT0N COACH 
 
 Starts from Wexford to Dublin on the mornings of Wed- 
 nesday, Friday, and Sunday ; — both these Coaches return the 
 alternate days from the Moira Hotel, Sackviile-Street. 
 
 BLACK ROCK AND DUNLEARY COACHES 
 
 Start from No. 133 Baggot- street, from the first of Novem- 
 ber, on week-days, one at Nine o'clock in the morning, one at 
 half-past Four in the afternoon, and one at Eight in the Even- 
 ing, and leave Dunleary at Nine, and half-past Ten, in the 
 morning, and at Seven in the Evening, on week-days. On Sun- 
 days, they start from Dublin at Nine in the morning, Twelve, 
 Two, and half-past Four in the afternoon, and leave Dunleary 
 at Nine and Eleven in the morning, at Three in the afternoon, 
 and at half-past Seven in the evening. From the first of May 
 they start from Dublin on week-days, at half-past Eight in the 
 morning, Twelve at noon, half-past Four in the afternoon, and 
 at Eight in the evening. Coaches return from Dunleary on 
 week-days at half-past Eight and Ten in the morning. Two at 
 noon, and at half-past Seven in the evening; on Sundays, coaches 
 run between Dublin and Dunleary every Second hour from 
 half-past Eight in the morning to half-past Eight in the after- 
 noon, from May to November, 
 
PASSAGE BOATS. 
 
 661 
 
 THE CORK AND DUBLIN COACH 
 
 Starts from No. 12 Dawson-street, at Seven o'clock on the 
 mornings of Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, passing through 
 Carlow, Kilkenny, and Clonmel, halts at Kilkenny for the night, 
 and arrives at Cork the second evening. 
 
 A coach runs from Cork on the same days, passing through 
 the same rout, and observing similar regulations. The coach 
 from Cashel starts from Ryal's hotel, during the winter season, 
 commencing the 21st of October, at half-past Nine o'clock on 
 the mornings of Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, passing 
 through Littleton, Urlingford, Johnstown, Durrow, Abbeylaix, 
 Stradbally, and arrives at Athyat half-past Six, where it remains 
 for the night, and starts next morning at One o'clock, A coach 
 starts from No. 12 Dawson-street on the same days, passing 
 through the same rout, and at similar hours, only that it rest?i 
 for the night at Abbey laix : during the summer season, the coach 
 starts from Ryal's hotel at Six o'clock in the mornings of Mon- 
 day, Wednesday, and Friday, and arrives at Dublin at Nine 
 o'clock at night. This coach starts from No. 12 Dawson-street, 
 on the mornings of Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday, and ob«^ 
 serves similar regulations. 
 
 BOYAL CANAL PASSAGE BOATS. 
 
 A boat starts from the Broad-Stone harbour every morning 
 at the hour of Eight o'clock, and arrives at Mullingar at E'ght 
 o'clock in the evening; a boat departs froiU Mullingar at Eight 
 o'clock every morning, and arrives at Dublin at Eight o'clock 
 every morning. 
 
 GRAND CANAL PASSAGE BOATS. 
 
 Two passage boats depart from Portabello harbour, Dublin ; 
 one starts at Seven o'clock in the morning for Athy and TuUa- 
 more ; another starts for Shannon harbour at Two in the after- 
 noon ; Two boats arrive at Dublin, one from Shannon harbour 
 at Twenty minutes past Seven in the morning, and the second 
 from Athy and Tullymore, arrives Ten minutes after Eight 
 o'clock in the evening. 
 
 4C 
 
ALPHABETICAL LIST 
 
 OP THE 
 
 With their distance from Dublin^ and respective Rales 
 of PostagCy as issued Jrom the General Post Office^ 
 'Dublin, August, 1814. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 4i 
 
 POST TOWNS. 
 
 liver. 
 
 
 
 POST TOWNS. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Dista 
 
 
 IS 
 
 
 Dista 
 
 
 
 M. 
 
 F. 
 
 
 
 M. 
 
 F. 
 
 d. 
 
 Abbelaix, . . . 
 
 58 
 
 1 
 
 8 
 
 Bailyboroughj 
 
 48 
 
 0 
 
 6 
 
 Adair, , . . 
 Ahascragh, . . 
 
 102 
 
 0 
 
 10 
 
 Balbriggan, . . 
 Ballaghaderin, 
 
 15 
 
 4 
 
 3 
 
 78 
 
 2 
 
 9 
 
 97 
 
 7 
 
 10 
 
 Antrim, . . . 
 
 92 
 
 0 
 
 9 
 
 Ballibay, . . . 
 
 58 
 
 0 
 
 8 
 
 Ardee, • . . . 
 
 34 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 Ballina, . . . 
 
 142 
 
 2 
 
 11 
 
 Arklow, . • . 
 Armagh, . . . 
 
 36 
 
 0 
 
 6 
 
 Ballinakill, . . 
 
 61 
 
 1 
 
 8 
 
 63 
 
 5 
 
 8 
 
 Ballinasloe, . . 
 
 71 
 
 6 
 
 9 
 
 Arthur^town, 
 
 76 
 
 S 
 
 9 
 
 Ballincollig, . . 
 
 128 
 
 0 
 
 11 
 
 Arva, .... 
 
 69 
 
 1 
 
 9 
 
 Ballinrobe, . . 
 
 113 
 
 5 
 
 10 
 
 Askeaton, . . 
 
 108 
 
 0 
 
 10 
 
 Ballyboy, . . 
 
 58 
 
 6 
 
 8 
 
 Athboy, . . . 
 
 31 
 
 0 
 
 5 
 
 Ballycastle, . . 
 
 140 
 
 6 
 
 11 
 
 Athenry, , . . 
 
 96 
 
 5 
 
 10 
 
 Balliclare, . . . 
 Ballyconnel, . . 
 
 92 
 
 4 
 
 9 
 
 Athlone, . . . 
 
 59 
 
 0 
 
 8 
 
 67 
 
 4 
 
 9 
 
 Athy, .... 
 
 41 
 
 1 
 
 6 
 
 Ballygawley, . . 
 
 75 
 
 1 
 
 9 
 
 Aughnacloy, . . 
 
 71 
 
 7 
 
 9|Ballyglass, . . 
 
 113 
 
 6 
 
 10 
 
 Aughrim, , , 
 
 75 
 
 4 
 
 9j Bally haun is, . . 
 
 99 
 
 4 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 
 
 Bally mahon, . i 
 
 55 
 
 7 
 
 
564. 
 
 fOST TOWNS IN IRELAND. 
 
 
 Distance. 
 
 j Rate of Postage. 
 
 
 M. 
 
 F. 
 
 d. 
 
 
 1 0^ 
 
 4 
 1 
 
 1 0 
 
 .Ballymoe, , * 
 
 
 7 
 
 9 
 
 Jiaijymoney, . . 
 
 117 
 
 6 
 
 10 
 
 ballymorc, . . 
 
 57 
 
 4 
 
 8 
 
 Ballymote, • . 
 
 9^> 
 
 4 
 
 9 
 
 Ballynacargy, . 
 
 46 
 
 6 
 
 
 Ballynahinch, 
 
 74 
 
 0 
 
 9 
 
 Ballynamore, . 
 
 82 
 
 2 
 
 9 
 
 Bahyraggett, 
 
 
 0 
 
 8 
 
 JJalJ ybilallliUllj • 
 
 103 
 
 5 
 
 10 
 
 15allytore, 
 Baiiyvary, . . 
 
 28 
 
 6 
 
 5 
 
 128 
 
 7 
 
 11 
 
 Baltinglass, 
 
 40 
 
 1 
 
 6 
 
 Banagher, . . 
 
 86 
 
 1 
 
 9 
 
 Ban bridge, . . 
 
 60 
 
 4 
 
 8 
 
 Bandon, * . , 
 
 136 
 
 1 
 
 11 
 
 Bangor, . . . 
 
 91 
 
 1 
 
 9 
 
 Bantrj^, . • . 
 
 163 
 
 0 
 
 12 
 
 rSeliast, .... 
 
 80 
 
 0 
 
 9 
 
 Bellaghy, . . 
 
 85 
 
 6 
 
 9 
 
 i j 1 4-,, ul-v 
 
 jDelturuet, . 
 
 61 
 
 ] 
 
 8 
 
 Blessington, . . 
 
 21 
 
 6 
 
 4 
 
 Boyle, . . . 
 
 84 
 
 5 
 
 9 
 
 Bray, .... 
 
 10 
 
 0 
 
 3 
 
 Broadway, . . 
 
 75 
 
 0 
 
 9 
 
 Bruit, .... 
 
 105 
 
 6 
 
 10 
 
 Buncrana, . . 
 
 124 
 
 2 
 
 11 
 
 Burros-a-kane, 
 
 75 
 
 4 
 
 9 
 
 Burrosf-in- Ossory, 
 
 53 
 
 1 
 
 7 
 
 Burrosolejgn, 
 
 76 
 
 5 
 
 9 
 
 Bushmills, . . 
 
 130 
 
 4 
 
 1] 
 
 Buttcvant, . . . 
 
 132 
 
 5 
 
 11 
 
 Cabinteely, . 
 
 6 
 
 0 
 
 2 
 
 Caherciveen, 
 
 207 
 
 0 
 
 6 
 
 Caliir, .... 
 
 90 
 
 1 
 
 6 
 
 Caledon, . . . 
 
 72 
 
 4 
 
 9 
 
 Callan, . ... 
 
 65 
 
 3 
 
 9 
 
 
 Distance. 
 
 4; 
 
 
 [ Rale of Pc 
 
 
 M. 
 
 r « 
 
 
 V^ct iiiuii 11, . . » 
 
 51 
 
 0 
 
 7 
 
 V^apiJOCiUlll, • . 
 
 122 
 
 7 
 < 
 
 1 1 
 
 Carlingford, . . 
 
 '51 
 
 1 
 
 4 
 
 v^ariuw, ... 
 
 S9 
 
 0 
 
 6 
 
 Oarn, .... 
 
 132 
 
 
 11 
 
 v^aiiiew, .... 
 
 46 
 
 . 7 
 
 7 
 
 v^ari ICKlcIgua, . 
 
 88 
 
 A 
 
 9 
 
 \^ai iictiiiicici uoB, . 
 
 44 
 
 0 
 
 
 v^aiiiCiv Oil oiiaiiiiuii 
 
 77 
 
 XJ 
 
 
 Carrick-on-Suir, . 
 
 92 
 
 1 
 
 9 
 
 Cashcarrigan, 
 
 82 
 
 2 
 
 9 
 
 Cashel 
 
 96 
 
 Cf 
 
 10 
 
 v-/asLicuarj • • 
 
 123 
 
 1 
 
 11 
 
 
 34 
 
 3 
 
 5 
 
 VvaSllcUldKcil V, • 
 
 Castleblayney, . 
 
 83 
 
 
 
 52 
 
 3 
 
 7 
 
 V^asllLlvVyllltrl , . . 
 
 55 
 
 4 
 
 
 v^aoticwOIUJoll, . 
 
 82 
 
 7 
 
 Q 
 
 o 
 
 (^nstlp-Dfiwson. 
 
 88 
 
 0 
 
 9 
 
 r^nsflpdprmol'. 
 
 33 
 
 7 
 < 
 
 5 
 
 V^aSLlcllll, ... 
 
 106 
 
 4 
 
 10 
 
 I Q c+lo— Tol anri 
 V>abllv:*"loid.IIU, . 
 
 178 
 
 2 
 
 12 
 
 \w/aSLlclHaI Ly I , • 
 
 139 
 
 4 
 
 11 
 
 ^^asiiepoiidi tl, • 
 
 45 
 
 1 
 
 7 
 < 
 
 v^asiici cd, ... 
 
 83 
 
 0 
 
 9 
 
 v^asiieiuvvii, . . 
 
 190 
 
 0 
 
 12 
 
 I'^^ocflof nwn .Tioi\7iTi 
 V^aaLlcLU Wll • J^cl VHJ, 
 
 37 
 
 7 
 
 6 
 
 ^^asiicLO w 11- itocnt , 
 
 111 
 
 1 
 
 10 
 
 t o cf 1 i:i\X7^I ! Q Tl 
 V^asliCVV tliclil, . . 
 
 65 
 
 0 
 
 8 
 
 Oavaii, ... 
 
 54 
 
 0 
 
 7 
 
 v^tiunugej ... 
 
 11 
 
 0 
 
 3 
 
 vyiiarieviiie, . . 
 
 119 
 
 1 
 
 10 
 
 Church-hill, .' . 
 
 90 
 
 6 
 
 9 
 
 Clara, .... 
 
 48 
 
 4 
 
 7 
 
 Clare, .... 
 
 117 
 
 0 
 
 10 
 
 Clogheen, . . 
 
 91 
 
 7 
 
 
 Clogher, . . . 
 
 86 
 
 1 
 
 9 
 
POST TOWNS IN IRELAND. 
 
 .665 
 
 rOSl lOWNb. 
 
 Distance. 
 
 Rate of Postage. 
 
 rOSi lOWNS. 
 
 Distance. 
 
 Cm 
 
 
 TVT 
 iVl, 
 
 r • 
 
 (tm 
 
 
 ill. 
 
 c « 
 
 (it 
 
 Cloghnakilty, 
 
 
 1 
 J 
 
 1 1 
 1 1 
 
 Dundalk, . . . 
 
 
 A 
 
 iJ 
 
 6 
 
 Cloiiard, . • . 
 
 
 
 
 Dunfanawhy, 
 
 1 32 
 
 
 11 
 
 Clonaslie, . . . 
 
 
 2 
 
 7 
 
 Dungannon, . * 
 Dungarvan, . . 
 
 74 
 
 1 
 
 
 Clonegalj . « 
 
 DO 
 
 9 
 
 
 97 
 
 «-/ 
 
 xU 
 
 Clones, . . ... 
 
 61 
 
 3 
 
 2 
 
 Dungiven, 
 Dunleer, 
 
 142 
 
 1 
 
 1 1 
 1 1 
 
 Clonmel, . . . 
 
 ft 1 
 
 u 
 
 Q 
 
 30 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 Clough, . . . 
 Cloughjordan, . 
 
 60 
 
 ij 
 
 
 Dunmanway, . 
 
 149 
 
 5 
 
 1 1 
 
 70 
 
 9 
 
 q 
 
 Dun more, . . • 
 
 10'^ 
 
 5 
 
 10 
 
 Cloyne, .... 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 1 
 
 Ji X 
 
 Dunshaughlin, 
 
 14 
 
 X T 
 
 0 
 
 .i 
 
 Colehill, . . . 
 
 51 
 
 7 
 
 7 
 
 TV 
 
 Durrow, . . . 
 
 64 
 
 4 
 
 8 
 
 Colerain, • 
 
 1 94 
 
 9 
 
 J. X 
 
 Edenderry, 
 
 
 2 
 
 e; 
 D 
 
 CoUon, . . . 
 
 ^ £7 
 
 «? 
 
 
 Edgeworthstown, 
 
 '»2 
 
 1 
 
 7 
 
 Collooney, 
 
 
 o 
 
 1 0 
 
 li^lpnm. 
 
 
 Q 
 
 9 
 
 Cookstowii, . 
 
 
 
 Q 
 
 Emo, .... 
 
 
 (\ 
 
 5 
 
 Cootehill, . . . 
 
 HQ 
 
 7 
 
 7 
 
 Hmyvale, . . . 
 
 70 
 
 
 9 
 
 Cork, . . . .. 
 
 i. id £i 
 
 o 
 
 1 X 
 
 Ennis, .... 
 
 I I 9 
 
 1 X ^1 
 
 7 
 
 ill 
 
 Cove, .... 
 
 1 
 
 1 3U 
 
 r 
 
 i> 
 
 1 1 
 1 1 
 
 linniscorthy. 
 
 ou 
 
 1 
 i 
 
 8 
 
 Croome, . , ^ 
 
 105 
 
 0 
 
 10 
 
 Enniskillen, . • 
 
 81 
 
 6 
 
 9 
 
 Crosmolina, . . 
 
 148 
 
 o 
 
 11 
 
 Ennistimon, . . 
 
 125 
 
 5 
 
 1 1 
 
 Crossdoneyj . ^ 
 
 
 «> 
 
 c 
 
 o 
 
 byrecourt, . . . 
 
 0 X 
 
 1 
 
 X 
 
 9 
 
 Crumlin, 
 
 89 
 
 0 
 
 9 
 
 Far bane, . . . 
 
 56 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 Cumber, . . . 
 
 88 
 
 1 
 
 9 
 
 rermoy, . . . 
 
 106 
 
 0 
 
 10 
 
 Curofin, . . . 
 
 118 
 
 0 
 
 10 
 
 Ferns, .... 
 
 f»4 
 
 0 
 
 
 x^eai c^asiie, . 
 
 145 
 
 iJ 
 
 1 1 
 
 retnarcl, 
 
 79 
 
 3 
 
 Q 
 
 y 
 
 Derry, .... 
 
 113 
 
 
 JO 
 
 retnarcl, lip. 
 
 8<S 
 
 4 
 
 9 
 
 Dervock, . . . 
 
 121 
 
 
 1 1 
 
 liintona, . . . 
 
 9Q 
 
 7 
 
 9 
 
 JJmgle, .... 
 Donaghadee, . 
 
 169 
 
 4 
 
 12 
 
 r ive-iVlile- 1 own, 
 
 81 
 
 1 
 
 9 
 
 9.) 
 
 2 
 
 10 
 
 Florence-court, 
 
 88 
 
 3 
 
 t% 
 
 y 
 
 Uonegal, 
 
 114 
 
 0 
 
 10 
 
 r lurry bridge. 
 
 45 
 
 4 
 
 7 
 
 Doneraile, 
 
 129 
 
 1 
 
 11 
 
 tiorkhiil, 
 
 45 
 
 3 
 
 7 
 
 Downpatrick, . 
 
 74 
 
 0 
 
 9 
 
 r* Oxford, . 
 
 134 
 
 3 
 
 1 1 
 
 Drogheda, 
 
 23 
 
 5 
 
 4 
 
 Frenchpark, . . 
 
 91 
 
 5 
 
 & 
 
 Drfniialiair. 
 
 112 
 
 6 
 
 10 
 
 FrPKliforfl 
 
 64 
 
 6 
 
 8 
 
 Dromore, . . . 
 
 66 
 
 0 
 
 9 
 
 Gal way, . ... 
 
 J04 
 
 5 
 
 10 
 
 Droinore West, . 
 
 130 
 
 6 
 
 1 
 
 Gai'vagh, . 
 
 119 
 
 5 
 
 10 
 
 Drumsna, . . 
 
 72 
 
 6 
 
 9 
 
 Gilford, . . 
 
 61 
 
 0 
 
 8 
 
 Dunamanagh, . 
 
 107 
 
 7 
 
 10 
 
 Glanwortb, . . 
 
 106 
 
 5 
 
 10 
 
56G i'OST T0WN5 IN IHELAJf ». 
 
 i'Uol lUWiNo. 
 
 Distance. 
 
 Rate of Postage. 
 
 
 Distance. i 
 
 Bate of Pestage. 
 
 
 "hit 
 
 m.» 
 
 r . 
 
 
 
 In* 
 
 F. 
 
 fj 
 u. 
 
 Gienarni) . . 
 
 1 Ut 
 
 
 
 KiUucan, . . . 
 
 
 7 
 
 
 Glenavy, • . . 
 
 
 yj 
 
 q 
 
 Killybegs, . . , 
 
 1 97 
 
 o 
 
 1 1 
 
 X X 
 
 Golden, . . . 
 
 QQ 
 
 i 
 
 10 
 
 Killyleigh, . . . 
 
 q 
 
 yJ 
 
 <7 
 
 Gores-Bridge, 
 
 O L 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 >7 
 I 
 
 KiUynaule, . . 
 Killysandra, . . 
 
 cfO 
 
 ( 
 
 ■Ji 
 
 Gorey, . . . 
 Gort, .... 
 
 
 4< 
 
 T 
 
 / 
 
 
 n 
 u 
 
 o 
 
 Cf<3 
 
 <? 
 
 a 
 
 1 n 
 1 u 
 
 Kilmactnomas, 
 
 ft7 
 o / 
 
 
 Q 
 17 
 
 Gowran, . • . 
 
 O £i 
 
 
 •7 
 1 
 
 TT" "1 11 1 
 
 Kilmallock, . . 
 
 1 1 n 
 
 Q 
 O 
 
 
 Graig, .... 
 
 O I 
 
 D 
 
 O 
 
 Kilrea, .... 
 
 11* 
 
 A 
 
 11/ 
 
 Granard, . . • 
 
 
 J 
 
 
 Kilrush, , . , 
 
 1 ^q 
 
 \J 
 
 1 7 
 
 X X 
 
 XT 1 .A 
 
 JHacketstown, . . 
 
 ■ tpO 
 
 fi 
 
 D 
 
 i 
 
 XT' •! .1 
 
 Kil worth, . . . 
 
 
 t\ 
 \J 
 
 1 n 
 
 Headiord, . . . 
 
 106 
 
 v/ 
 
 10 
 
 King s-court. 
 
 43 
 
 7 
 1 
 
 
 Hillsborough, . 
 
 Dcf 
 
 Q 
 O 
 
 Q 
 
 XT- • J 
 
 Kinnegad, . • . 
 Kmnety, . . . 
 
 Zxf 
 
 
 c 
 D 
 
 Hollymount, 
 
 1 OQ 
 
 X \}iJ 
 
 1 
 I 
 
 1 n 
 
 
 
 
 
 7 
 ( 
 
 Q 
 
 <y 
 
 Howth, .... 
 
 A 
 
 •o 
 
 n 
 u 
 
 
 Kmsale,. . . . 
 
 1 4Q 
 
 Q 
 
 1 1 
 
 X 1 
 
 Inistiogue, . . . 
 
 
 u 
 
 e 
 o 
 
 Kircubbin, . . 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 Innishannon, 
 
 1 oo 
 
 «> 
 
 1 1 
 
 Kish, .... 
 
 
 u 
 
 Q 
 
 Johnstown, . . 
 
 
 
 C) 
 
 Knocktopher, 
 
 
 \j 
 
 Q 
 O 
 
 Irvinstown, . . 
 
 oo 
 
 u 
 
 q 
 
 Larne, . . . 
 
 q7 
 
 6 
 
 10 
 
 Kanturk, , . , 
 
 147 
 
 0 
 
 1 1 
 
 X X 
 
 Leighlmbridge, . 
 
 4? 
 
 0 
 
 
 
 
 
 Keadue, . . . 
 
 84 
 
 0 
 
 9 
 
 Leixlip, , ^ . 
 
 s 
 
 0 
 
 3 
 
 Keady, .... 
 
 
 1 
 
 O 
 
 Letterkenny, 
 
 1 1 ^ 
 
 0 
 
 JO 
 
 Kells, .... 
 
 31 
 
 5 
 
 5 
 
 Limerick, . . 
 
 94 
 
 0 
 
 9 
 
 XT 
 
 Kenmare, . . 
 
 
 4 
 
 12 
 
 X ^ 
 
 Lisburn, 
 
 7S 
 
 0 
 
 9 
 
 Kilbeggan, . . 
 
 44? 
 
 2 
 
 6 
 
 Lismore, . . . 
 
 120 
 
 0 
 
 10 
 
 Kilcock, . , . 
 
 14 
 
 4 
 
 
 Lisnaskea, . , 
 
 7-4 
 
 0 
 
 q 
 
 ivilconnel. 
 
 / o 
 
 1 
 
 q 
 
 Listowell, . . 
 
 134 
 
 5 
 
 11 
 
 Jvilcullen, . . . 
 
 21 
 
 0 
 
 4 
 
 LHtleton, . . 
 
 70 
 
 6 
 
 9 
 
 Kildare, . . . 
 
 24 
 
 7 
 
 4 
 
 juongioro, • . 
 
 58 
 
 8 
 
 8 
 
 TT" '1 J 
 
 Kildorreiy, 
 
 120 
 
 7 
 
 11 
 
 X 1 1 • 1 1 1 
 
 Loughbrickland, 
 Loughgall, . • . 
 
 58 
 
 3 
 
 8 
 
 Kildysart, . . 
 
 124 
 
 7 
 
 11 
 
 65 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 
 Kilkeel, . . . 
 
 80 
 
 0 
 
 9 
 
 Loughrea, . . 
 
 86 
 
 4 
 
 9 
 
 TT" '11 
 
 Kilkenny, . . 
 
 Xvilla.laj * • • • 
 
 57 
 
 4 
 
 8 
 
 Lucan, . . . 
 
 6 
 
 4 
 
 2 
 
 151 
 
 2 
 
 12 
 
 i^uigan, •• . 
 
 71 
 
 5 
 
 ^ 
 
 Killaloe, . , , . 
 Killarney, . . , 
 
 86 
 
 4 
 
 9 
 
 Lurgangreen, 
 
 37 
 
 0 
 
 6 
 
 175 
 
 0 
 
 
 Macroona, . . 
 
 141 
 
 4 
 
 11 
 
 Killinchy, . : 
 
 91 
 
 3 
 
 
 Maghera, . . 
 
 99 
 
 2 
 
 10 
 
 Killough, . . . 
 
 79 
 
 0 
 
 9 
 
 Magberafelt, 
 
 92 
 
 4 
 
 
fOST TOWNS IN IRELAND. 
 
 567 
 
 POST TOWNS. 
 
 Distance. 
 
 j Rate of Postage. 
 
 
 M, 
 
 F. 
 
 d. 
 
 Mallow, 
 
 138 
 
 2 
 
 1] 
 
 IVlan or)iain il ton , 
 
 114 
 
 4 
 
 10 
 
 Markethill, 
 
 58 
 
 0 
 
 8 
 
 ^Maryborough, . 
 M^aynooth, • • 
 
 40 
 
 1 
 
 ! 6 
 
 
 5 
 
 1 
 
 A/fiHdlpton. 
 
 
 
 1 1 
 
 Afilstreetj . • 
 
 149 
 
 4 
 
 11 
 
 Milltown, . 
 
 X OCT 
 
 
 
 Miltown Malbay, 
 
 ■» o / 
 
 0 
 
 
 jVIitchclstownj . 
 
 103 
 
 3 
 
 10 
 
 IVCofltf*. . . „ 
 
 «^*JLV/C4, • • • • 
 
 
 0 
 
 
 Mohill, . . . 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 JVIoira, . , , . 
 
 
 
 
 iVTnnflornfln. 
 
 63 
 
 3 
 
 8 
 
 iVf nnn prpvpn . 
 
 30 
 
 1 
 
 5 
 
 Moneveall, 
 -MAnpvmorp. 
 
 66 
 
 0 
 
 9 
 
 8S 
 
 4 
 
 9 
 
 ^Nfonivap. ... 
 
 100 
 
 7 
 
 10 
 
 IMounlmellickj . 
 
 40 
 
 9 
 
 fi 
 \j 
 
 Mount-Nugent, . 
 
 
 
 
 Mountrath, . 
 
 46 
 
 5 
 
 7 
 
 Mount-Talbot, . 
 
 80 
 
 5 
 
 9 
 
 Moville, • • • 
 
 125 
 
 2 
 i0 
 
 
 Mov. .... 
 
 6Q 
 
 R 
 
 iJ 
 
 q 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 
 MuUingar, . . 
 
 38 
 
 2 
 
 fi 
 
 Myshall, . . . 
 
 53 
 
 0 
 
 7 
 
 Naas, a • • • 
 
 15 
 
 4 
 
 3 
 
 Narin, , . . 
 
 138 
 
 I 
 
 11 
 
 Navjin. 
 
 Nenncrli. ... 
 
 23 
 
 6 
 
 4 
 
 75 
 
 0 
 
 9 
 
 New Rirminofliam. 
 
 75 
 
 0 
 
 9 
 
 New Bliss, . . 
 Newcastle, . . . 
 
 57 
 
 0 
 
 8 
 
 147 
 
 7 
 
 11 
 
 Newmarket, . . 
 
 150 
 
 6 
 
 11 
 
 Newmarket on Fer. j 
 
 105 
 
 0 
 
 10 
 
 Newport, Mayo, ( 
 
 137 
 
 0 
 
 11 
 
 POST TOWNS. 
 
 Newport, Tip. ■ 
 Newry, . . . 
 Newtown ards, , 
 Newtown Barry, 
 Newtown Glens, 
 Newtown Hamilton, 
 NewtownLimavady 
 N.T.Mount Kenedy 
 Newtown Stewart, 
 Nobber, . . . 
 Oldc^tle, . . . 
 Omagh, . . . 
 Oranniore, . . 
 Oulart, . . . 
 Outerard, . . . 
 Pallas Green, 
 Parson stown, . . 
 Passage, . . . 
 Passage West, . 
 Philipstown, . . 
 Portadown, . . 
 Portaferry, . . 
 Portarlington, . 
 Portglenone, , . 
 Portlaw, . • . 
 Portumna, . . . 
 Ramelton, . . 
 Randalstown, . . 
 Raphoe, . . . 
 Rathangan, . . 
 Rathcoole, . . 
 Rathcormuck, 
 Ratlidowney, 
 Rathdrum, 
 Rathfriland, . . 
 Rathkeale, . . 
 Rathlacken, . . 
 
 M. 
 
 86 
 50 
 87 
 55 
 
 109 
 53 
 
 134 
 17 
 94 
 33 
 41 
 87 
 
 100 
 57 
 
 117 
 
 111 
 63 
 81 
 
 128 
 45 
 68 
 
 101 
 35 
 
 110 
 85 
 88 
 
 118 
 96 
 
 106 
 30 
 8 
 
 109 
 61 
 28 
 57 
 108 
 157 
 
56H 
 
 POST TOWNS IN IRELAND. 
 
 POST TOWNS. 
 
 mce. 
 
 
 f Postage. 
 
 POST TOWNS. 
 
 nee. 
 
 t 
 
 ; Postage.] 
 
 
 Dista 
 
 
 j Rate 0 
 
 
 
 Dista 
 
 
 Rate oi 
 
 
 M. 
 
 F. 
 
 d. 
 
 
 
 TV/T 
 iVI . 
 
 F. 
 
 CI. 
 
 Rathowen, 
 
 55 
 
 0 
 
 7 
 
 Tallaght, . 
 
 
 
 0 
 
 £i 
 
 T» * 1 I'll 
 
 Kich-hil], . . 
 
 67 
 
 4 
 
 9 
 
 Tallanstown, 
 
 
 oo 
 
 0 
 
 o 
 
 Roscommon, 
 
 74 
 
 2 
 
 9jTallow, 
 
 • * 
 
 AID 
 
 0 
 
 10 
 
 Roscrea, 
 
 59 
 
 2 
 
 8 Tanderagee, 
 
 
 Oo 
 
 7 
 
 ft 
 
 Ross, .... 
 
 67 
 
 3 
 
 9 
 
 Tarbert, . 
 
 • • 
 
 1 9/t 
 1 Z't 
 
 0 
 
 
 Rosscarbery, 
 
 151 
 
 4 
 
 12 
 
 Tempi em ore, 
 Thomastown, . . 
 
 
 2 
 
 Q 
 
 Rostrovor, . . 
 
 62 
 
 4 
 
 8 
 
 fin 
 
 Do 
 
 7 
 
 c 
 o 
 
 Rusky, . , : 
 
 66 
 
 2 
 
 9 
 
 Thurles, 
 
 
 11 
 
 2 
 
 9 
 
 Rutland, . . . 
 
 157 
 
 12 
 
 12jTinahely, . 
 
 
 41 
 
 TP 1 
 
 0 
 
 6 
 
 Saintfield, . . 
 
 78 
 
 0 
 
 9 Tipperary, 
 
 
 1/^9 
 
 1 
 
 
 Scar iff, . . . 
 
 93 
 
 7 
 
 9 
 
 Toome, 
 
 
 1 \J»J 
 
 9 
 
 >0 
 
 Gotland, . t 
 
 
 
 0 
 
 Tralee, 
 
 
 147 
 
 7 
 
 11 
 
 Scrabby, . . . 
 
 
 1 
 
 8 
 
 Tramore, . 
 
 
 82 
 
 1 
 
 9 
 
 Shanagolden, 
 
 
 / 
 
 10 
 
 Trim, . . 
 
 
 
 u 
 
 
 Shin rone. 
 
 
 2 
 
 9 
 
 Tuam, . . 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 1 0 
 
 Six-Mile-Bridge, 
 
 102 
 
 7 
 
 10 
 
 Tubbermore, 
 
 • • 
 
 Q7 
 
 1 
 
 10 
 
 Skibbereen, . . 
 
 1 fiO 
 
 3 
 
 12 
 
 Tulla, . . 
 
 
 1 1 
 
 i lO 
 
 0 
 
 1 n 
 
 Slane, .... 
 Siigo, .... 
 
 o\j 
 
 1 
 
 5 
 
 Tullamore, 
 Tullow, . . 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 
 103 
 
 6 
 
 10 
 
 
 46 
 
 2 
 
 7 
 
 Stewartstown, . . 
 
 80 
 
 0 
 
 9 
 
 Tynan, . . 
 Tyrral's Pass 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 9 
 
 Strabane, . . . 
 
 101 
 
 7 
 
 10 
 
 
 70 
 
 1 
 
 9 
 
 Stradbally, « 
 
 38 
 
 0 
 
 6 
 
 h * 
 
 40 
 
 0 
 
 6 
 
 Strangford, . . 
 
 80 
 
 0 
 
 9 
 
 Virginia, 
 
 
 40 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
 Stranorlar, . . 
 
 112 
 
 6 
 
 10 
 
 Warranspoint, • 
 
 55 
 
 4 
 
 8 
 
 ijirOlVcSLOWll, . • 
 
 74 
 
 /I 
 
 9 
 
 Waterford, 
 
 
 76 
 
 1 
 
 9 
 
 Summerhill, . . 
 
 20 
 
 0 
 
 4 
 
 Westport, 
 
 
 131 
 
 4 
 
 1 
 
 Swinford, . • . 
 
 137 
 
 0 
 
 11 
 
 Wexford, . 
 
 • • 
 
 66 
 
 5 
 
 9 
 
 Swords, . • . 
 
 7 
 
 0 
 
 2 
 
 Wicklow, 
 
 
 24 
 
 0 
 
 4 
 
 Taghmon, . . 
 
 1 79 
 
 6 
 
 9 
 
 Youghall, 
 
 
 147 
 
 6 
 
 n 
 
INDEX. 
 
 NAMES. 
 
 Abbyfeale, 
 
 Acton, 
 
 Adair, 
 
 Aghrim, 
 
 Aghrira, , 
 
 Aglish, 
 
 Ahaseragh, 
 
 Ahoghill, 
 
 Annalong, 
 
 Antrim, . 
 
 Ardfinnan, 
 
 Ardfert, . . 
 
 Ardsillas, . 
 
 Ardra, . , 
 
 Arklow^ . , 
 
 Ardee, , . 
 
 Armagh, . 
 
 Askeyton, . 
 
 Athy, , 
 
 Athboy, , 
 
 Athlone, . 
 
 Athlcage, . 
 
 Athenny, . 
 
 Augher, 
 
 Aughnacloy, 
 
 Aughygallan, 
 
 Uailicborough, 
 
 Ualbriggan, 
 
 Ballaghaderin, 
 
 Ballintobber, 
 
 Ballinlough, 
 
 I?a!linamore, 
 
 liaJlinacargy, 
 
 Uallimoe, 
 
 Miles. 
 
 
 1234 
 
 j 
 
 285 
 
 58' 
 
 492 
 
 102 
 
 281 
 
 35 
 
 68 
 
 75 
 
 364 
 
 101 
 
 213 
 
 78i 
 
 372 
 
 94^ 
 
 522 
 
 694 
 
 512 
 
 84 
 
 519 
 
 88i 
 
 252 
 
 144^ 
 
 305 
 
 losi 
 
 298 
 
 131T 
 
 467 
 
 36 
 
 63 
 
 342 
 
 202 
 
 62i 
 
 489 
 
 110 a 
 
 287 
 
 32i 
 
 118 
 
 284 
 
 165 
 
 59| 
 
 175 
 
 
 548 
 
 91 i 
 
 367 
 
 75i 
 
 453 
 
 71 
 
 455 
 
 71 
 
 518 
 
 43 
 
 422 
 
 I5X 
 
 40 
 
 89l 
 
 595 
 
 78" 
 
 349 
 
 89 f 
 
 349 ! 
 
 74i 
 
 372 
 
 
 178 
 
 791 
 
 578 
 
 NAMES. 
 
 Balliboy, . . 
 
 Ballinasloe, • 
 
 Ballim'obe, 
 
 Ballindine, . , 
 
 Ballinafad, . , 
 
 Ballinauaught, 
 
 Ballinderry, , 
 
 Ballintra, . . 
 
 Ballimoie, . 
 
 Ballybay, 
 
 Ballyfoi'an, . . 
 
 Ballynakill, . 
 
 Ballybofey, 
 
 Ballycurry, 
 
 Ballycassedy, 
 
 Ballycastle, 
 
 Ba]]ygawley, 
 
 Ballyliaunis, 
 
 Ballpnascanlon, 
 
 Ballymanlagh, 
 
 Ballymahon, . 
 
 Ballymoney, 
 
 Ballymote, . 
 
 JJalliralack, 
 
 Ballcarra, 
 
 Ballylongford, , 
 
 Ballvconnc'l, 
 
 Bally Patrick, . 
 Ballymcna, 
 Ballyporeen, 
 Ballycianbcr, 
 Baliyhack, . . 
 Ballymore Eustixcf, 
 
 D 
 
 Miles. 
 
 Page. 
 
 56 
 
 — 
 
 151 
 
 
 564 
 
 108 X 
 
 294 
 
 99i 
 
 389 
 
 88 
 
 409 
 
 54i 
 
 416 
 
 73i 
 
 519 
 
 105 7 
 
 465 
 
 50 
 
 176 
 
 55| 
 
 444 
 
 714 
 
 546 
 
 48f 
 
 138 
 
 1154 
 
 468 
 
 924 
 
 530 
 
 83 
 
 434 
 
 115, 
 
 74; 
 
 524 
 
 456 
 
 93; 
 
 590 
 
 44' 
 
 198 
 
 911 
 
 260 
 
 5-2l 
 
 185 
 
 107? 
 
 521 
 
 9G? 
 
 •09 
 
 46/ 
 
 179 
 
 115' 
 
 587 
 
 128 
 
 505 
 
 67 J. 
 
 ^121 
 
 100 J 
 
 410 
 
 76" 
 
 250 
 
 93A 
 
 523 
 
 96^ 
 
 252 
 
 5H 
 
 130 
 
 91 
 
 89 
 
 17', 
 
 6-9 
 
570 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 NAMES. Miles. 
 
 ( 
 
 Pane. 
 
 NAMES. 
 
 Miles. 
 
 
 
 120^ 
 
 396 
 
 Caltragh, 
 
 79 
 
 0 i Zi 
 
 Ballycii-Uen Castle, 
 
 52 
 
 152 
 
 Calwally, 
 
 78 
 
 503 
 
 Bally JaiTies Duff . . 
 
 45^ 
 
 418 
 
 Callahill, 
 
 71^ 
 ' ^-i 
 
 428 
 
 Ballykelly, .... 
 
 125 A 
 
 480 
 
 Callen, 
 
 
 1 04. 
 
 Ballynahinch, 
 
 74 
 
 505 
 
 Cahier, ... 
 
 85 ', 
 
 258 
 
 JBallynure, 
 
 90, 
 
 528 
 
 Cahirconlish, . . . 
 
 100^ 
 
 275 
 
 Ballvragget, .... 
 
 49 
 
 96 
 
 Caherinorres, 
 
 115-^ 
 
 579 
 
 
 44-4- 
 
 141 
 
 Canal Passage Boats, 
 
 
 561 
 
 Bal'y shannon, . . . 
 
 
 465 
 
 Cappocjuin, . . . 
 
 97- 
 
 216 
 
 
 28 
 
 112 
 
 Carrick-on- Suir, 
 
 74-; 
 
 251 
 
 Ballywalter, .... 
 
 89 
 
 509 
 
 Carnevv, . , 
 
 4S^; 
 
 70 
 
 Ballaghy, . ... 
 
 97^ 
 
 395 
 
 Carrick-on- Shannon, 
 
 78 
 
 402 
 
 
 92h 
 
 408 
 
 Carrigan Castle, , « 
 Carricknfi across, . . 
 
 67 
 
 403 
 
 Ballaghv, . .... 
 
 483 
 
 42^ 
 
 444 
 
 
 li 
 
 
 Carrigans, ... 
 
 1 10 
 
 470 
 
 Ball, 
 
 107i 
 
 90 
 
 Carloiv, 
 
 39 
 
 149 
 
 Balruddery, , ... 
 
 14 
 
 40 
 
 Carlingford, . . , 
 
 51] 
 
 199 
 
 Baltinglass, . ... 
 
 261: 
 
 270 
 
 Carrickf'ergus, , 
 
 88 
 
 529 
 
 
 168 
 
 140 
 
 Carncastle, ... 
 
 98i 
 
 528 
 
 
 66 
 
 529 
 
 Castlewellan, . 
 
 65' 
 
 507 
 
 
 60a 
 
 201 
 
 Castleshane, 
 
 
 447 
 
 Bandon, 
 
 1574 
 
 538 
 
 Castle Blaney, . 
 
 
 446 
 
 
 90^ 
 80f 
 
 04 
 
 i astle Caldwell^ 
 
 94 r 
 
 455 
 
 
 287 
 
 Castlebar « 
 
 1 19 V 
 
 388 
 
 
 164"! 
 
 141 
 
 Castle BlakeneVj . 
 
 80^ 
 
 372 
 
 
 54a 
 
 586 
 
 Castlerea, ... 
 
 84iT 
 
 349 
 
 
 81 
 
 451 
 
 Castlemaine . 
 
 152^ 
 
 512 
 
 
 e\l 
 
 421 
 
 Castle Island, . . 
 
 
 510 
 
 
 97i 
 
 455 
 
 Castle Lyons, . , 
 
 111^ 
 
 228 
 
 
 881 
 
 435 
 
 CastleiTiartyr, , , , 
 
 1 184; 
 
 225 
 
 Belfast, . . - . 
 
 80 
 
 /27 
 
 Castlebellingham, • 
 
 344 
 
 196 
 
 
 6 
 
 135 
 
 Castle Pollard 
 
 49 
 
 181 
 
 Bennet's Bridge, . ♦ . 
 
 57 
 
 101 
 
 Castletown Delvin, • 
 
 55^ 
 
 ISO 
 
 Birr ^r Parsonstown, . . 
 
 65^ 
 
 152 
 
 Castle Carberrv, • , 
 
 
 12 J. 
 
 
 4 
 
 53 
 
 Castledermot, • , 
 
 34 
 
 113 
 
 Black Lion, . ... 
 
 19 
 
 458 
 
 Castlecomer, . , 
 
 45 
 
 95 
 
 Black Lion Inn, 
 
 84i 
 
 418 
 
 Castlcknock, , , . 
 
 0^ 
 '^1 
 
 44 
 
 Black- Water Town, . , 
 
 66\ 
 
 290 
 
 Castlelin, 
 
 107 
 
 468 
 
 Blarney, 
 
 128i- 
 
 233 
 
 Castletown 
 
 48 i 
 
 J- 4 J 
 
 Blessington, .... 
 
 14 
 
 368 
 
 Cashel, • . , 
 
 76^ 
 
 255 
 
 
 84-2- 
 
 352 
 
 Cash, . . . ! 
 
 ,.,,91^ 
 
 455 
 
 
 13 
 
 58 
 
 Cavan, , , . 
 
 54 
 
 419 
 
 
 110 
 
 391 
 
 Celbridge, . . • 
 
 94 
 
 114 
 
 Broadford, ..... 
 
 95-4 
 
 2 97 
 
 Charlemount, . 
 
 
 490 
 
 Broughshane, 
 
 95 
 
 525 
 
 Charleville « 
 
 108 
 
 250 
 
 
 73 f 
 
 436 
 
 Cliapelizod, ... 
 
 2^ 
 
 46 
 
 Bruff, 
 
 103^ 
 
 279 
 
 Chapel Midway, . . 
 
 7 
 
 42 
 
 Burrosakean, .... 
 
 814 
 
 266 
 
 Church Hill 
 
 88^ 
 
 454 
 
 Burros in Ossory, 
 
 5.4 
 
 141 
 
 Clara, .... 
 
 484; 
 
 129 
 
 Burrisiiligh, .... 
 
 78^ 
 
 268 
 
 Clady, . . • . 
 
 107^ 
 
 479 
 
 Buck -House Inn, . ; 
 
 47i 
 
 178 
 
 Clare, • . . . 
 
 105 
 
 589 
 
 Butler's Bridge, . . . 
 
 574 
 
 420 
 
 Clare, .... 
 
 1124; 
 
 298 
 
 
 113 
 
 230 
 
 Clare Galway, 
 
 108| 
 
 379 
 
 Bush Mills 
 
 116 
 
 521 
 
 Claine, . ; 
 
 15^ 
 
 115 
 
 Caledon, 
 
 70| 
 
 457 
 
 Clashmore, 
 
 ' 104 
 
 215 
 
INDEX. 
 
 571 
 
 NAMES. 
 
 Miles. 
 
 
 NAMES. 
 
 Miles. Page. 
 
 Clontarf, 
 
 
 35 
 
 DruiTimote, ... 
 
 
 401 
 
 Oloonee, • . . 
 
 
 44 
 
 Drumkerin, . . . 
 
 lOOi 
 
 402 
 
 C/loiiegal, . • . 
 
 
 199 
 
 I)rumahaire, . . 
 
 ' 102i 
 
 ; 403 
 
 Cloiicurry, 
 
 4 
 
 121 
 
 Dunfanaghy, . . 
 
 132^1 470 
 
 Cloglian, . 1 • . 
 
 62 
 
 129 
 
 Dungiven, 
 
 99 
 
 479 
 
 Cnonegoweii, • . 
 
 
 131 
 
 Dungannoii, . . 
 
 7iJi! 457 
 
 Clonee, 
 
 7 
 
 162 
 
 Dunmore, . ' . 
 
 • + 
 
 377 
 
 Clonard, 
 
 26 
 
 167 
 
 Dunmanwav, 
 
 151 
 
 241 
 
 Clovne, . . . 
 
 125^ 
 
 225 
 
 iDungarvan, 
 
 100 
 
 21 1 
 
 Clonakilty, . . 
 
 146" 
 
 239 
 
 'Danleer, . . . 
 
 
 '^00 
 
 Clonmel, ... 
 
 8lf 
 
 250 
 
 IDiindalk, . . . 
 
 40i 
 4 
 
 197 
 
 Clogheen, 
 
 93$ 
 
 252 
 
 DuushcUigljlin, 
 
 14 
 
 162 
 
 Clones, ... 
 
 6U 
 
 ^Ao 
 
 Dulec'k, 
 
 20^ 
 4 
 
 156 
 
 Cloghcr, ... 
 Clogh, ... 
 
 76^ 
 
 453 
 
 Dunkerrin, . . • 
 
 65^ 
 "^4 
 
 133 
 
 69 
 
 507 
 
 Durrow, . 
 
 52 
 
 106 
 
 Clough, 
 
 90j 
 
 523 
 
 Dunconnack, 
 
 76i 
 a 
 
 87 
 
 Clonegal, • i • 
 
 47-J- 
 
 149 
 
 Dunlavin, 
 
 22 
 
 70 
 
 Coagh, • . • 
 Coal Island, • « 
 
 82 
 
 459 
 
 . Duidc.n'v, . . . 
 
 5i 
 4 
 
 54 
 
 74^ 
 
 458 
 
 Dundram, 
 
 4 
 
 51 
 
 Cole Hill, 
 
 51 
 
 186 
 
 Dundruni, ... . 
 
 68 
 
 510 
 
 Colevaine, * • . 
 
 109i 
 
 481 
 
 ■ Dunt^lo, . . 
 
 1381 
 
 2 
 
 468 
 
 Coloony, • • . 
 
 99 
 
 409 
 
 iD:^ icannon Fort, • 
 
 92 
 
 89 
 
 Cork, .... 
 
 124i 
 
 234 
 
 [Edenderry, 
 
 29 
 
 126 
 
 Collon, • . • 
 
 29i 
 
 201 
 
 1 Edgevvortiistown, 
 
 52i 
 4 
 
 187 
 
 Coolock, ... 
 
 
 37 
 
 Elphin, 
 
 754 
 4 
 
 351 
 
 Cookestown, • • . 
 
 014 
 
 458 
 
 Emyvale, . . 
 
 66i 
 
 446 
 
 Coote Hill, . . 
 
 52^ 
 
 422 
 
 Enniscorthy, • . 
 
 60 
 
 79 
 
 Cooliiakennv, ♦ • 
 
 118 
 
 284 
 
 Euniskeny, . • . 
 
 10 
 
 65 
 
 Croghwell liridgPf . 
 
 92 
 
 365 
 
 Enniskillen, . . 
 
 79- 
 
 431 
 
 Crossdony, • . 
 
 56 
 
 416 
 
 Eniiis, 
 
 112'k 
 
 296 
 
 Ciusheeii, . • • . 
 
 106 
 
 296 
 
 EyKjcourt, 
 
 4 
 
 361 
 
 Crosskeys, . • . 
 
 57 
 
 165 
 
 Fareljane, ... 
 
 57 
 
 130 
 
 Ci'iiinlin, . • . 
 
 
 48 
 
 Ferinoy, 
 
 1071 
 2 
 
 2J7 
 
 Cumber, ... 
 
 84 
 
 506 
 
 Feny Bank, 
 
 74 
 
 103 
 
 Daly's Bridge, • . 
 
 46i 
 
 416 
 
 Ferns, 
 
 54 
 
 78 
 
 -* "'o'*'» ... 
 
 12 
 
 65 
 
 Fethard, « . 
 
 7S| 
 
 254 
 
 Dawson's Bridge, • . 
 
 90 
 
 483 
 
 Fcntona, . . 
 
 052- 
 
 454 
 
 Dcrvock, ... 
 
 * 1 1 ^ 
 
 521 
 
 Finglass, . . , 
 
 3 
 
 42 
 
 Desart Martin, . • 
 
 88 
 
 481 
 
 Fiutown, 
 
 125f 
 
 468 
 
 Dingle, 
 
 166 
 
 308 
 
 i'iaae. 
 
 49^ 
 
 181 
 
 Donaghadcc, . • 
 
 941 
 
 ^4 
 
 505 
 
 •Foxford, 
 
 112X 
 
 595 
 
 Donc'al, « . • 
 
 1 1 1 
 
 465 
 
 iForkhiU, 
 
 45i 
 
 49'> 
 
 Dorleraile, . • . 
 
 1 13 
 
 230 
 
 Frank ford, 
 
 
 128 
 
 
 90 
 
 528 
 
 , Freshford, . . . 
 
 64 
 
 105 
 
 Donnybrook, . • • 
 
 2 
 
 52 
 
 . French Park, . 
 
 85 
 
 551 
 
 Donouglj, • > « 
 
 67i 
 
 " ' 4 
 
 429 
 
 Cnilway, . 
 
 102i 
 
 369 
 
 Douglas Bridge, . 
 
 97i 
 ^' 4 
 
 455 
 
 Garrison, 
 
 102 
 
 434 
 
 Donaflunore . . 
 
 
 458 
 
 GiHvali, 
 
 lOQi 
 
 481 
 
 Downpatrick, 
 
 74 
 
 507 
 
 Giant s Causeway, 
 
 lis 
 
 531 
 
 Dromore, 
 
 66 
 
 501 
 
 Ghv.ssnevin, 
 
 2 
 
 41 
 
 Drum, . . . . 
 
 55 1 
 
 443 
 
 Glandelough, .... 
 
 94 
 
 67 
 
 Dromaleague, 
 
 156 
 
 241 
 
 IGlenmirc, or Glenmore. . 
 
 120 
 
 228 
 
 Drogheda, 
 
 £3X 
 
 192 
 
 ■(jlenarni, 
 
 1041- 
 
 525 
 
 Drunicondra, 
 
 2 
 
 38 
 
 ;Glen Inn, 
 
 I24-I 
 
 , 470 
 
 Drmnsna, 
 
 72^ 
 
 401 
 
 Glyiin, 
 
 121' 
 
 1287 
 
572 
 
 INJDEX. 
 
 NAMES. 
 
 Miles. 
 
 Page. 
 
 Golden, . 
 
 81i 
 
 259 
 
 Corey, . . . 
 
 45| 
 
 75 
 
 Gorten, . . 
 
 99| 
 
 458 
 
 Gowran, . « 
 
 52 
 
 97 
 
 Gort, . . . . 
 
 994 
 
 565 
 
 Gortahurk, . • . 
 
 
 470 
 
 Grange, . • . • 
 
 ^;94 
 
 195 
 
 Granard, 
 
 52 
 
 189 
 
 Grey Abbey, . . . 
 
 89 
 
 509 
 
 Guilford, 
 
 62i 
 
 501 
 
 Ilacketstown, . 
 
 32 
 
 148 
 
 Hamilton's Bawn, 
 
 60^ 
 
 491 
 
 Headfoi'd, 
 
 103 
 
 376 
 
 Hillsborough, 
 
 69i- 
 
 502 
 
 Hollywood, 
 
 84h 
 
 503 
 
 Holy Cross, 
 
 73| 
 
 262 
 
 Howth, 
 
 
 36 
 
 Hollymount, . ^ 
 
 105i 
 
 387 
 
 Jamestown, . 
 
 73| 
 
 402 
 
 Iniskeane, . . 
 
 144^ 
 
 240 
 
 Inistioge, » . 
 
 63" 
 
 100 
 
 Innifhonan, 
 
 134| 
 
 257 
 
 Innistymon, 
 
 118^ 
 
 294 
 
 Jonesborough, . • 
 Jonnstovvn, (Kildare) 
 
 454 
 
 492 
 
 13 
 
 110 
 
 Johnstown, (Kildare) 
 
 21 
 
 121 
 
 Johnstown, . 
 
 60 
 
 106 
 
 Keady, : 
 
 584 
 
 487 
 
 Kells, 
 
 89 
 
 222 
 
 Kelis, • . . 
 
 64 
 
 104 
 
 Kells, 
 
 36| 
 
 166 
 
 Kenagh^ . . 
 
 564 
 
 186 
 
 Kilconnel, . . 
 
 78i 
 
 4 
 
 366 
 
 Kilcullen, 
 
 20 
 
 112 
 
 Kilcool, . . 
 
 16 
 
 59 
 
 Kildoreny, ' 
 
 107 
 
 229 
 
 Kilalla, . . 
 
 127 
 
 396 
 
 Kilt-ernan, • 
 
 7 
 
 52 
 
 Kilmacow, . 
 
 714 
 
 103 
 
 Kilmaganny, 
 
 67 
 
 104 
 
 Kildare, ' . . . 
 
 24| 
 
 117 
 
 Kilberry, • • 
 
 27 
 
 161 
 
 Kihiiacthomas, • 
 
 834 
 
 210 
 
 Kilmallock, • 
 
 107-1 
 
 280 
 
 Kilfenora, 
 
 lie 
 
 294 
 
 Kilmuny, 
 
 129i 
 
 4 
 
 295 
 
 Kiimacteighe, . • 
 
 1124 
 
 408 
 
 Kilraore, » 
 
 57 
 
 419 
 
 Kilrush, 
 
 142 
 
 295 
 
 Kilkeele, 
 
 65 
 
 512 
 
 K.ilkevran, 
 
 834 
 
 377 
 
 Killeshandra, 
 
 60^ 
 
 416 
 
 Killaloe, 
 
 864 
 
 298 
 
 Kil?vtrney, . . . 
 
 143| 
 
 311 
 
 Kllashee, . . 
 
 61 
 
 187 
 
 NAMES. 
 
 Miles. 
 
 rage 
 
 Killenaule, 
 
 7^4 
 
 253 
 
 Killiny, 
 
 8 
 
 55 
 
 Killoughter, , . 
 
 20 
 
 61 
 
 i Killough, . . 
 
 754 
 
 511 
 
 Killwater, 
 
 951 
 
 528 
 
 Killybegs, . 
 
 1234 
 
 4 
 
 467 
 
 Killygordon, . 
 
 110 
 
 486 
 
 iKillyleagh, 
 
 80 
 
 508 
 
 Kinsale, . . 
 
 136 
 
 257 
 
 I Kilworth, • . 
 
 1044 
 
 226 
 
 1 Kilbeggan, 
 
 444 
 
 4 
 
 172 
 
 1 Kinneo"ad, . . 
 
 294 
 
 171 
 
 Kilkenny, . • 
 Kilcock, . . 
 
 57 
 
 97 
 
 14b 
 
 120 
 
 Knocktopher, . i 
 
 63 
 
 102 
 
 Kircubbin, . • 
 
 86 
 
 509 
 
 IKinmare, 
 
 1554 
 
 313 
 
 i King's Court, 
 
 38| 
 
 423 
 
 j Kilrea, . • 
 
 102 
 
 483 
 
 Lakes of Killarney, 
 
 144| 
 
 317 
 
 ' Ijanesborough, • • 
 
 62h 
 
 185 
 
 ' Larne, . « • 
 
 974 
 
 530 
 
 iLeixlip, . • 
 
 8 
 
 119 
 
 iLeighlin Bridge, . • 
 
 45 
 
 151 
 
 Lei trim, . • 
 
 81 
 
 402 
 
 1 Letterkenny, . • 
 
 11341 469 , 
 
 jLiflbrd, . 
 
 102| 
 
 468 
 
 1 I^imerick, • • 
 
 94 
 
 275 
 
 iLismore, . . • 
 
 1004 
 
 217 
 
 IListowel, 
 
 131^ 
 
 304 
 
 Lisneskea, 
 
 70| 
 
 430 
 
 Lisnarick, 
 
 88| 
 
 435 
 
 Lisburne, . . • 
 
 75 
 
 526 
 
 Longford- Pass, . • 
 
 634 
 
 ; 254 
 
 Louth Town, 
 
 39 
 
 200 
 
 Longford, • • 
 Loughrea, . • 
 
 584 
 
 183 
 
 88 
 
 361 
 
 Lough- Erne, 
 Londondeiiy, 
 
 
 456 
 477 
 
 115 
 
 Laugh- Gall, . 
 
 66 
 
 492 
 
 Loughbrickland, 
 
 58-1 
 
 500 
 
 Lough- G uile, 
 
 105 
 
 523 
 
 Lusk, 
 
 11 
 
 59 
 
 Lucan, • . . 
 
 ei 
 
 46 
 
 Lurgan, 
 
 674 
 
 493 
 
 Lu)"gan-Boy, . * 
 
 96 
 
 403 
 
 IjUrii'an- Gz'cen, ♦ . 
 
 374 
 
 196 
 
 Magherally, 
 
 62 
 
 501 
 
 Magherafeit, 
 
 88 
 
 483 
 
 Maghera, 
 
 92 
 
 481 
 
 Maguire's Bridge, 
 
 72| 
 
 450 
 
 Macroom, . : 
 
 142f 
 
 233 
 
 Mail Coaches, . . 
 
 
 554 
 
 ?ylalahide, * 
 
 64 
 
 37 
 
 Mallow, 
 
 1184 
 
 23 li^ 
 
INDEX. 
 
 573 
 
 NAMES. 
 
 Miles. 
 
 Page 
 
 Manor Cunningham, . 
 
 1 26^- 
 
 471 
 
 jMan of War, . 
 
 12' 
 
 40 
 
 iNIarino, . • . 
 
 2 
 
 ' 55 
 
 IVIaynooth, 
 
 
 120 
 
 JVIaryborough, . 
 
 40 
 
 140 
 
 Manor Hamilton, 
 
 944 
 
 403 
 
 Mawhan, . ; • 
 
 
 491 
 
 JNIarket Hill, 
 
 
 491 
 
 Maheraghlin, . 
 
 6?! 
 4 
 
 501 
 
 Menlougli, 
 
 85-^ 
 
 572 
 
 Miltown, 
 
 H 
 
 51 
 
 Mill of Louth, 
 
 
 203 
 
 Middleton, 
 
 122 
 
 225 
 
 Michelstown, 
 
 102^ 
 
 229 
 
 JVIill Street, 
 
 
 255 
 
 Miltown, (Kerry) 
 
 152| 
 
 512 
 
 Minola, 
 
 109j 
 
 591 
 
 Middleton, 
 
 " 4 
 
 487 
 
 Monasrhan, . . 
 
 ft) ' 
 
 6'2i 
 
 2. 
 
 445 
 
 Monevea, . . 
 
 89} 
 
 575 
 
 Mount Talbot, 
 
 
 548 
 
 Moat-a- Grenogiie, 
 
 52 
 
 175 
 
 ^loynalty, . 
 
 35 f 
 
 166 
 
 IMountmellick, . . 
 
 42-i 
 
 143 
 
 Mountrath, . . 
 
 46i 
 
 141 
 
 Monasterevcn, . 
 
 SO 
 
 lis 
 
 Moira, 
 
 69\ 
 
 502 
 
 Money more, 
 
 P3tf 
 
 481 
 
 Mount Charles, 
 
 114 
 
 466 
 
 Mount Dellew Bridge, • 
 
 85^ 
 
 572 
 
 IMullahedart, 
 
 4 
 
 44 
 
 Mullinavat, 
 
 78 
 
 102 
 
 MuUingar, 
 
 34!; 
 
 175 
 
 IMuJf Cross, . . 
 
 111|; 
 
 479 
 
 Muff, 
 
 120-5 
 
 480 
 
 Naas, 
 
 15i- 
 
 110 
 
 Naid, 
 
 14 
 
 41 
 
 Navan, . . . 
 
 26 
 
 160 
 
 Xaren, . . . 
 
 136^- 
 
 467 
 
 Narrow- Water, 
 
 49 
 
 510 
 
 Nenagli, . . • 
 
 75 
 
 266 
 
 Newtown- Ardcs, . 
 
 87|- 
 
 504 
 
 Newtown- Bellew, . 
 
 874 
 4 
 
 372 
 
 Newtown- liairy, . . 
 
 47 
 
 79 
 
 Ne\^'town- IJreila, ■ 
 
 78 
 
 503 
 
 Newtown- Butler, . 
 
 65 i 
 4 
 
 429 
 
 Newtown- Cunningham, 
 
 1 22| 
 
 471 
 
 Newtown- Forbes, , 
 
 61 
 
 189 
 
 Newtown- Glens, 
 
 109-1 
 
 525 
 
 Newtown- Hamilton, 
 
 53 
 
 488 
 
 Newtown- Limevaddy, 
 
 
 480 
 
 N Town Mount- Kennedy, 
 
 17 
 
 61 
 
 Newt»)wn-Stewarl, 
 
 9'J!i 
 
 455 
 
 Nsiw BuiltlinjR, . . 
 
 1 10; 
 
 477 
 
 NAMES. 
 
 Miles. 
 
 Page, 
 — — — 
 
 Newcastle, • • 
 
 56f 
 
 161 
 
 Newcastle, ', « 
 
 75i 
 4 
 
 513 
 
 Newcastle, (Limerick) . 
 
 114 
 
 284 
 
 Newmark, 
 
 142 
 
 252 
 
 Newport, . 
 
 86 
 
 265 
 
 Newport- Pratt, * . 
 
 123| 
 
 591 
 
 i New- Ross, . . 
 
 67 
 
 82 
 
 Newry, . . . 
 
 50^ 
 
 499 
 
 Nobber, 
 
 53| 
 
 I 161 
 
 O'Brien's Bridjpe, 
 
 87" 
 
 ' 298 
 
 Old Castle, 
 
 411 
 
 181 
 
 OM Merrion, . • 
 
 3 
 
 55 
 
 Old Ross, 
 
 63 
 
 1 82 
 
 Old Leighlin. 
 
 48 
 
 ! 151 
 
 Omagh, . • . 
 
 86f 
 
 454 
 
 Oranmore, • 
 
 101^ 
 
 11 9| 
 4 
 
 4 
 
 566 
 
 Ou^hterard, • 
 
 381 
 
 Palrnerstown, 
 
 46 
 
 Passage, (Waterford Co.) 
 
 so-l 
 
 209 
 
 Passages, (Cork County) 
 
 150i 
 
 536 
 
 Pass-if-you-can, 
 
 5| 
 
 52 
 
 Philipstown, . « 
 
 58i 
 
 127 
 
 PortadoYvn, • 
 
 4 
 
 495 
 
 Porlaferry, . » 
 
 80J- 
 
 509 
 
 Portglcnone, . 
 
 97| 
 
 520 
 
 Portarlington, « 
 
 56-T 
 4 
 
 145 
 
 Portumna, . . 
 
 74^ 
 
 559 
 
 Portncrris, * 
 
 53 
 
 485 
 
 Pomeroy, . , . 
 
 80^ 
 4 
 
 45S 
 
 Post Towns, 
 
 
 565 
 
 Prosperous, . 
 
 11 
 
 115 
 
 Racondra, . • 
 
 44f 
 
 176 
 
 Ralienoy, ... 
 
 4 
 
 35 
 
 Raholp, 
 
 i 1 
 
 50.9 
 
 Randal stown, 
 
 88 
 
 52a 
 
 Raphoo, , • • 
 
 107 
 
 469 
 
 Raslnirkaii, 
 
 101 
 
 520 
 
 Railiangan, , • 
 
 28 
 
 !16 
 
 Rathbride, 
 
 27 
 
 1 17 
 
 Rathcormick, . . 
 
 111 
 
 228 
 
 Rathdrum, , 
 
 2oi 
 4 
 
 66 
 
 Rathfarnham, . 
 
 
 49 
 
 Ratlifryland, . . 
 
 5U 
 
 506 
 
 Rathmelton, • . 
 
 1174 
 
 470 
 
 Rathmines, • 
 
 2 
 
 49 
 
 Ratlicool,' 
 
 • A 
 
 47 
 
 Rathkeal, 
 
 108 
 
 285 
 
 Ratoath, 
 
 I2| 
 
 159 
 
 Red Cross, 
 
 22 
 
 65 
 
 Rich Hill, 
 
 62i 
 
 492 
 
 Rosenallis, . . 
 
 44^ 
 
 144 
 
 Roscrea, , * • 
 
 59A 
 
 265 
 
 Rosconunon, . , ' 
 
 69i 
 
 547 
 
 ' Rostrevor, . . j 
 
 57.1 
 
 512 
 
57i INDEX, 
 
 NAPJES. 
 
 Uilcs. 
 
 Pas;e. 
 
 r NAMES. 
 
 Miles. 
 
 I age. 
 
 lloss, . . 
 
 \52\ 
 
 240 
 
 1 Tara Hill, 
 
 19 
 
 I Ft'} 
 IX) S 
 
 Iloyal Oak, 
 
 47 
 
 151 
 
 jTarbret, 
 
 124 
 
 303 
 
 Kusb, 
 
 Id 
 
 39 
 
 ; Tandera'^ee, . « 
 ' Tarnionbarry Bridge, 
 
 fill 
 
 
 iinsky Bridge, 
 
 66-2- 
 
 401 
 
 G4h 
 
 1 87 
 
 Rutland, 
 
 139 
 
 468 
 
 Templcmove, 
 
 751, 
 
 266 
 
 Saintfield, 
 
 78 
 
 506 
 
 I Tempo, 
 
 76-^ 
 
 436 
 
 Saint Johnstown, 
 
 108| 
 
 470 
 
 'Teeny, • , , 
 
 104 
 
 479 
 
 Saint Johnstown, 
 
 58^ 
 
 190 
 
 j Teinplepatrick, . 
 
 78 
 
 528 
 
 Saint Doloughs, 
 
 44 
 
 57 
 
 '■ Thoma!>tovyn, • 
 
 58 
 
 100 
 
 Saint Margarets, 
 
 51 
 
 42 
 
 iThurles, 
 
 70h 
 
 261 
 
 •Sandyfort, . 
 
 44- 
 
 51 
 
 'Timahoe, . , . 
 
 42h 
 
 138 
 
 Santry, 
 
 
 38 
 
 Timolin, ... 
 
 OCT A 
 ^^4 
 
 1 13 
 
 Shannon Bridge, ♦ 
 
 65 
 
 130 
 
 ' Tinelialey, . . 
 
 41 
 
 fix 
 
 SJianagolden, • • 
 
 114 
 
 287 
 
 ■ Tintern, 
 
 00 
 
 fid 
 
 Shercock, 
 
 444 
 
 423 
 
 jTippevary Town, 
 
 86- 
 
 260 
 
 Shaltagan Bridge, 
 
 130^ 
 
 468 1 
 
 jTobbercurry, 
 
 103b 
 
 408 
 
 Six- Mile- Bridge, • 
 
 1024 
 
 298 
 
 ; Tobberdo n ny , 
 
 104 
 
 
 Silver- Mines, . • 
 
 77 
 
 264 
 
 iToomavara, 
 
 69h 
 
 264 
 
 Six- Mile- Bridge, 
 
 102 
 
 278 
 
 jTralee, , 
 
 144h 
 
 306 
 
 Skerries, 
 
 17 
 
 40 
 
 j Tramore, 
 
 sob 
 
 210 
 
 Skibbereen, • . 
 
 161^ 
 
 240 
 
 ITrim, 
 
 22h 
 
 1 64 
 
 Skryne, • • • 
 
 
 160 
 
 ■Tubermore, « 
 
 90h 
 
 
 
 103| 
 
 410 
 
 iTuani, 
 
 93 
 
 374r 
 
 Slane, 
 
 24i 
 
 158 
 
 iTulsk, 
 
 75h 
 
 350 
 
 Spancell Hill, 
 
 1071 
 
 297 
 
 Tullaniore, , . 
 
 46 
 
 1 27 
 
 Stradford, on Slaney, . 
 
 26^ 
 
 70 
 
 iTulla, 
 
 102 
 
 
 Strand House, (Curragli) 
 
 22 
 
 111 
 
 •Tullyho'i-, 
 
 79 
 
 458 
 
 Sti'adballv, • • 
 
 38^ 
 
 139 
 
 jTullow, , , 
 
 38 
 
 1 48 
 
 Strokestov/n, . • 
 
 704 
 
 350 
 
 iTurvey, . « , 
 
 9 
 
 
 Strabane, * • 
 
 lOll 
 
 455 
 
 •Tyrril's-P^ss, 
 
 40 
 
 172 
 
 Stewartstown, » • 
 
 77" 
 
 559 
 
 (Tynan, 
 
 6Jh 
 
 487 
 
 Stranorlane, . 
 
 1124 
 
 468 
 
 lUrlingford, . 
 J Virginia, • 
 
 62 
 
 106 
 
 Strangfoi'd, • • 
 
 80 
 
 509 
 
 40h 
 
 418 
 
 Straid, • « • 
 
 89h 
 
 528 
 
 , Warrens- Point, , 
 
 55h 
 
 512 
 
 Swadlinbai-, . 
 
 74h 
 
 418 
 
 jV/arringstown, 
 
 66| 
 
 501 
 
 Swalleragli, 
 
 96| 
 
 481 
 
 j Wattle Bridge, 
 
 62h 
 
 429 
 
 Swinef'ord, 
 
 103 
 
 595 
 
 jWaterford, 
 
 74h 
 
 206 
 
 Swords, 
 
 7 
 
 39 
 
 'Westporl, 
 
 115^ 
 
 3£)3 
 
 Taglimon, 
 
 82 
 
 84 
 
 j Wexford, 
 
 06h 
 
 84 
 
 Tallagh, 
 
 , 5 
 
 48 
 
 Wicklow, 
 
 24 
 
 61 
 
 'idllagh. 
 
 104b 
 
 218 
 
 lYoughal, 
 
 108 
 
 22^