H36KJ 
 
THE UNIVERSITY 
 
 OF ILLINOIS 
 LIBRARY 
 
 Prom the collection of 
 James Collins, 
 Drumcondra, Ireland. 
 Purchased, 1918. 
 
 914.183 
 
 J436K 
 
Digitized by the Internet Archive 
 in 2016 with funding from 
 
 University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Alternates 
 
 https://archive.org/details/heffernanshandboOOheff 
 
- 
 
 
 
 c 
 
 
 
(HE U8MRK 
 Of SHE 
 UMVMNtf m 
 
Ju 
 
DUBLIN FROM THE KQYAL HOSPITAL 
 
HEFEERNAN’S 
 
 HAND-BOOK OF DUBLIN, 
 
 CONTAINING 
 
 %ll lire information nquheb % ®onrxsfs t 
 
 WITH 
 
 A NEW PLAN OF THE CITY, 
 
 AND 
 
 NUMEROUS ENGRAVINGS. 
 
 By D. EDWARD HEFFERNAN, 
 
 €Wxl 
 
 DUBLIN : 
 
 M’GLASIIAN AND GILL, UPPER SACRVILLE STREET, 
 
 LONDON: SIMPKIN, MARSHALL & CO. 
 
 CHESTER: CATHERAL AND PRICHARD. 
 
 BANGOR : CATHERAL & NIXON. 
 
 And all Railway Booksellers \ 
 
 18CL 
 
WORKS BY THE AUTHOR. 
 
 k DUBLIN IN 1861 . 
 
 r Price : — India proofs, Five Guineas ; plain proofs, Three 
 Guineas ; ordinary prints, Two Guineas. 
 
 Being an Isometrical View of the City, 38 x 26, shewing all 
 its Public Buildings, Statues, Monuments, &c., with the birth- 
 places of distinguished persons. 
 
 OPINIONS OF THE PRESS: 
 
 I “ An admirable representation in the shape of a grand Isome- 
 trical Plan of the City.” — Warder. 
 
 4 4 A Grand Picture of the City, fully illustrating its architec- 
 tural beauty and natural advantages.” — Daily Express , 4:th 
 March , 1861. 
 
 4 4 A Grand Picture of the Irish Metropolis. ” — Limerick 
 
 1 Chronicle . 
 
 44 A work whose merits have already secured for it the patron- 
 age of a large number of the Nobility of the United Kingdom”. 
 — Times , olst. March , 1861. 
 
 44 A work which cannot fail to command a place amongst all 
 collections of fine engravings, Chambers of Commerce, Banks 
 I and all other respectable Commercial Establishments throughout 
 | the United Kingdom.” — Freeman's Journal. 
 
 Orders for the above Engraving to be addressed to D. Edward 
 Hefiernan, Civil Engineer, 12, Charleville Boad, Bathmines. 
 
 Heffernan’s Handbook of Dublin, with New Plan of the City, 
 and all information required by Tourists. Price Is. 
 Heffernan’s Pictorial and Descriptive Handbook of Dublin with 
 thirty-six new and original Engravings, Plans &c. Price 2s 6d. 
 Heffernan’s Pictorial Plan of Wicklow. Price 2s fid. 
 Heffernan’s Illustrated Handbook of Wicklow. Price 2s 6d. 
 
 The Tourist’s Guide to the County of Wicklow, with Plans of 
 Dublin and Wicklow. Price Is. 6d. 
 
 Eighteen Views in Wicklow, bound in Cover. Price 2s. 
 
 The Land Agent’s and Surveyor’s Pocket Book. Price 4s. 
 

 PREFACE. 
 
 In compiling a guide, through a large city, the chief 
 object of the author should be, to arrange its description 
 in so concise, simple, and at the same time, instructive 
 a manner, as to enable any visitor to make himself 
 acquainted with its streets, squares, and leading tho- 
 roughfares; its public buildings, institutions, and other 
 objects of interest, within the shortest space of time, 
 and without the necesity of any inquiry, beyond that 
 which a well arranged hand-book should supply. — 
 With the view of affording this information, which is 
 annually rendered more indispensable by the increased 
 influx of strangers to this country, the following hand- 
 book of the City of Dublin is prepared. 
 
 In conducting the visitor through our city, the com- 
 piler has observed conciseness and accuracy, thereby 
 avoiding the tiresome, uninteresting, and complicated 
 descriptions of places, and unimportant things, so often 
 complained of in works of a similar description ; he has 
 however taken care to leave nothing unnoticed which will 
 be found interesting to the Tourist and profitable for 
 
 4039/6 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 iv 
 
 his guidance while here : as the greater number of ob- 
 jects deserving a stranger’s attention, lie within a circle 
 of about half a mile of the Bank of Ireland and Trinity 
 College, each of which is situated at the intersection of 
 the two great thoroughfares of the city, and accurately 
 defined on the plan hereto annexed ; the compiler does 
 not pretend to point out to the Tourist, the order he has 
 adopted in this guide, as that alone in which each should 
 be visited, conceiving that the circumstances leading to 
 the seeing of each, may be as variable as the number of 
 persons who so visit them. He has however, laid down 
 for the guidance of the Tourist those routes which from 
 his acquaintance with the city, he considers will be most 
 useful, — and by the adoption of which, a very fair 
 knowledge of its leading features may be obtained, 
 without any additional expenses, in two or three days. 
 
 12, Charleville Road, 
 
 Rathmines, Dublix, 
 
 1st August , 1861. 
 
INTRODUCTION. 
 
 As the greater number of Tourists to the Irish 
 Capital, come from the sister country, it is presumed 
 that those for whom this hand-book is designed, will 
 arrive by the steam-packets from either Holyhead or 
 Liverpool, and for the information of such, it is our 
 intention to say something of the route. — We therefore, 
 with a view of enabling our readers to enjoy this short 
 and pleasant sail, recommend the journey to be made 
 if practicable, by a packet which will arrive at Kings- 
 town about six o’clock in the morning. 
 
 To the Tourist arriving about this hour, from either 
 of the above named places, the scene which presents 
 itself to the eye, is of the most enchanting character. — 
 Long ere reaching land, the Wicklow hills appear, on 
 the left, in the distance: next on the opposite side of 
 the shore, the Isthmus of Llowth, with its bold front 
 and lighthouse rising out of the deep, to a height of five 
 hundred feet. Across the Isthmus of Howth, that 
 curious island, Ireland’s Eye, soon becomes visible, with 
 Lambay still further on in the distance. — Next the Hills 
 of Dalkey and Killiney at the Wicklow side of the shore, 
 and further south the bold headland of Bray, with the 
 rising town of that name at its foot. 
 
2 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 By degrees the whole sweep of Dublin Bay presents 
 itself to the delighted beholder, who cannot fail to be 
 charmed by the grandeur of the scene before him. — 
 The entire coast here, is studded with villa residences 
 and cottages, the sea, itself, with yachts, steamers, mer- 
 chant ships and men of war ; the whole being set off 
 with a back ground of verdant fields and picturesque 
 mountains, in admiration of which, the Tourist’s atten- 
 tion is so engaged, that forgetting for awhile the jour- 
 ney he is pursuing, and suddenly surprised by the 
 bursting forth of the liberated steam, he finds himself 
 at the pier of 
 
 KINGSTOWN, 
 
 So named from his late Majesty King George the 
 Fourth having landed here in 1821, — since which time, 
 it has sprung up on the site of a poor and solitary village 
 called Dunleary. — It is now the most extensive and 
 respectably situated watering place in Ireland, and posses- 
 ses, with its suburbs, a population of 25,000 inhabitants 
 composed chiefly of private families, professional gentle- 
 men, and wealthy and influential merchants. — It supports 
 three churches, besides Independant, Roman Catholic, 
 and Methodist Chapels, with the large number of clergy 
 belonging to all. The harbour of Kingstown has been 
 officially described by the Surveyor of the Admiralty, 
 as “one of the most splendid artificial ports in the United 
 Kingdom.” It was commenced in 1816, and completed 
 from the designs of the late Mr. Rennie at an expense 
 of £801,159. The entrance to this harbour is indi- 
 cated by two lighthouses, standing on piers 850 feet 
 assunder. In this magnificent basin, the steam-ship 
 Himalaya , and other vessels of her class, have, from 
 time to time, moored alongside the wharf near the Rail- 
 way Station. The town itself, which lies on an inclined 
 plane, eighty feet above the sea, possesses the advan- 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 3 
 
 tage of a most cheerful and beautiful situation, sur- 
 rounded by fine scenery, with modern and tastefully 
 constructed buildings ; these qualities recommend it not 
 only as a place of delightful recreation during summer, 
 but as a permanent residence for families of respect- 
 ability and independence at all seasons. The first dawn 
 of prosperity on this once neglected hamlet but now 
 delightful suburban seaport, is traceable to the enterprise 
 of our highly esteemed citizen Thomas Gresham, Esq., 
 appropriately recognised by its inhabitants as the 
 “ Father of Kingstown”, who when the site of the Royal 
 Hotel and adjoining terrace fronting the bay, and bear- 
 ing its proprietor’s name, was a wfild and rugged waste, 
 Mr. Gresham commenced its improvement, and expended 
 a capital of £40,000 on these buildings, thereby setting 
 an example of industry and enterprise, which many 
 have since followed, with great profit to themselves and 
 to society in general. 
 
 About two miles distant lie the hills of Dalkey and 
 Killiney, the latter rising to a height of 512 feet over 
 the deep. From each of these hills, but especially the 
 latter, delightful views are obtained of the whole bay 
 and surrounding scenery, extending from the Wicklow 
 Mountains to the City of Dublin, and as far as Kildare 
 on the west, and across the promontary of Howth to 
 the County of Meath to the north east. For a full and 
 correct description of the scenery to the south of this 
 locality with the cheapest and most desirable manner of 
 seeing same, the Tourist is referred to Heffernan’s 
 Illustrated Handbook of Wicklow , which may be had 
 at any of the booksellers or respectable hotels in 
 Dublin. The annexed view which is taken from Killi- 
 ney Hill gives a good idea of the beauty of its situation 
 and of the bay and Kingstown. 
 
 Leaving Kingstown with its symmetrical streets and 
 beautiful terraces, its esplanade, club houses and testi- 
 monial, the Tourist proceeding by the model railway 
 
4 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 which starts from the pier, arrives in twenty minutes 
 at 
 
 THE CAPITAL OF IRELAND. 
 
 About the hotels, conveyances, and other indespensables 
 of which, he will doubtless look for some information, 
 and the importance of such inquiry is manifest, from the 
 fact, that, many persons of respectability, on their arrival, 
 very frequently proceed to places, of which they have 
 heard through advertisements, or other questionable 
 sources, and soon learn that instead of a first-class hotel, 
 they have taken up their quarters at nothing more than 
 a public-house. — Indeed, it is not to be wondered, that 
 strangers should fall into these kind of mistakes, when 
 parties undertake the compilation of guide-books, who, 
 from want of local knowledge or other causes, are 
 obliged to entrust their preparation to others, whose 
 information is sometimes as circumscribed as their own, 
 or whose interest in their accuracy, does not compensate 
 for the amount of care and enquiry which the proper 
 arrangement of such works demand. 
 
 We have however, much pleasure in informing our 
 readers, that they will, in any of the respectable Dublin 
 hotels, meet with comforts not to be surpassed in the 
 first London establishments, while the charges are far 
 more moderate, and their proprietors men of courtesy, 
 intelligence, and respectability. 
 
 Having conducted the Tourist into our city, we next 
 place before him a list of some of the principal hotels, 
 with their situation, and extent of accommodation, 
 leaving him to use his own judgment in the selection 
 of a resting place from amongst them, of which he may 
 make his home while here, and where, we doubt not, 
 he will experience that attention for which these estab- 
 lishments are justly celebrated. 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 5 
 
 \ 
 
 i College-green, . . 
 
 
 Jury’s, (Commercial) . 
 
 Wm. Jury. 
 
 
 r 
 
 Hibernian 
 
 Geo. Nesbitt. 
 
 Dawson-street, < 
 
 
 Macken’s, vide adv. . 
 Morrison’s 
 
 JJFuller. 
 J. Dunne. 
 
 
 
 Tuthill’s 
 
 H. Tuthill. 
 
 1 
 
 r 
 
 The Gresham, vide adv. 
 
 T. M. Gresham. 
 
 
 Reynold’s, vide adv. . . 
 
 Fras. Reynolds. 
 
 Sackville-street, <j 
 
 
 The Imperial .... 
 
 J. Coleman. 
 
 
 The Prince of Wales, (Com.) 
 
 William Smith. 
 
 I 
 
 
 The Bilton - 
 
 L. Heinerkey. 
 
 Beresford-place, . 
 
 
 Northumberland . . . 
 
 J. C. Joseph. 
 
 Talbot-street, . 
 
 
 Verdon 
 
 Geo. Dingwall. 
 
 Suffolk -street, 
 
 1 
 
 
 Commercial .... 
 
 B. Saunders. 
 
 Having placed before our readers a list of the prin- 
 cipal hotels, in the form we consider most instructive 
 to the Tourist, and best calculated to enable him to 
 obtain that accommodation which his rank and circum- 
 stances entitle him to, we next proceed to give some 
 description of our conveyances ; which we shall endea- 
 vour to do in as brief a manner as the limited time of our 
 readers demand ; commencing with 
 
 CABS AND CARS. 
 
 In no city in Great Britain, that we are aware of, is 
 there a better, cheaper, or more expeditious means of 
 travelling than in Dublin, the number of the above 
 vehicles amounting to over 2,000, and the fare, from 
 any one point to another, within the Circular Road, 
 between the hours of nine a. m. and ten p. m., not ex- 
 ceeding six-pence for two persons, with an additional 
 charge of two-pence for each of any parcels which the 
 hirers may have. 
 
 Comparing the Dublin car drivers with those in any 
 of the large towns throughout Great Britain, which we 
 have had frequent opportunities of visiting, we have no 
 
6 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 hesitation in stating, and it gives ns pleasure to do so 
 here, that those of our own city, in point of civility, 
 honesty, and intelligence, have certainly a most decided 
 advantage. Very rarely does it occur, that a stranger 
 has occasion to complain of either extortion or insolence 
 on the part of the above class, as in other places ; on the 
 contrary, strangers are generally pleased and amused 
 with their civility, quickness and drollery, especially 
 when taking them for a day to the country. 
 
 Whenever contradictions arise, as must naturally he 
 expected, in dealing with such a large class of persons, 
 they are in variably the result of misunderstandings, about 
 matters of no greater value than a few pence, and not 
 un frequently does the fault lie with the hirer. To 
 avoid the unpleasantness of such misunderstandings, 
 which, however, are of very rare occurrence with re- 
 spectable persons, we recommend distinct agreements by 
 time or distance, which generally average about sixpence 
 per mile when outside the city. The usual hire for one 
 of these cars when taken to the country and carrying, 
 if necessary, four persons, is about fifteen shillings per 
 day : this charge includes livery and all other expenses, 
 which are borne by the owner while from home ; and 
 the ordinary day’s journey is from thirty to thirty-five 
 Irish miles ; but frequently forty, and even forty-five 
 miles are accomplished. We next refer to our 
 
 OMNIBUSSES, 
 
 Which start from Nelson’s Pillar in Sackville-street, 
 every quarter of an hour; commencing at twenty 
 minutes before eight o’clock every morning, and run- 
 ning until ten p. m., for Rathmines, Rathgar, and 
 Roundtown — delightful suburbs on the south side of 
 the City, leading towards the Dublin mountains, — to 
 Ranelagh, Sandford, and Clonskeagli, in nearly the 
 
HANDBOOK OF DCJBLIN. 
 
 same direction ; and to Sandymount, a neat and rising 
 suburban district on the sea-side. The fare, to the most 
 distant of these points, does not exceed four pence. 
 
 These omnibusses are the property of Mr. John Wil- 
 son of London, whose enterprise and perseverance, 
 under very discouraging circumstances, deserves our 
 attention. Mr. Wilson seems to have spared no expense, 
 either in getting up his omnibusses in a style not inferior 
 to the best London ones, or in the purchase of first- 
 class and well-treated horses, for the due and proper 
 working of same ; and he has thereby secured for him- 
 self the omnibus traffic of Dublin, with the exception of 
 Cl on tar f, a small watering place on the north side of 
 the bay, for which one also starts at present from the 
 Pillar in Sackville-street ; and Lucan, to which another 
 starts from the same place at four o’clock, every even- 
 ing ; the latter being something in the shape of a stage 
 coach. 
 
 On the Rathmines, Sandy mount, and Clontarf roads, 
 the cars belonging to these districts carry passengers 
 for omnibus fares, which, from Nelson’s Pillar in the 
 centre of Sackville-street to the top of Rathmines, is 
 three pence — to Rathgar, Roundtown, and Clonskeagh, 
 four pence, and to Sandymount and Clontarf three 
 pence. 
 
GUIDE TO THE CITY OF DUBLIN. 
 
 To the visitor unacquainted with Dublin, the first 
 thing to be borne in mind, in order to make himself 
 immediately acquainted with its situation, is, that the 
 city is divided by one direct thoroughfare, running 
 exactly north and south, and comprising Rutland 
 Square, Sackville-street, Westm orelan d -street. Grafton- 
 street, and Stephen’s-green, also extending southward 
 through Harcourt-street, Richmond-street, and Porto- 
 bello to the delightful suburban districts of Rathmines, 
 Rathgar, and Roundtown, from which places fine views 
 of the Dublin Mountains are obtained, and on the north 
 through Frederick-street and Blessington-street to the 
 Circular Road and boundary of the city at Phibsborough 
 Bridge, thence to Glasnevin, where are situate the 
 Royal Dublin Society’s Botanic Gardens, and Cemetry 
 of the Roman Catholic portion of the citizens, amongst 
 which lie the mortal remains of the late patriot, Daniel 
 O'Connell, Esq. 
 
 Taking this hne as the diameter of a circle whose 
 centre is Trinity College, and circumference Rutland 
 Square and Stephen Vgreen, the visitor will find nearly 
 everything in the city deserving his attention within 
 this compass. — This line is also intersected by another 
 important thoroughfare, leading westward at right 
 angles from Trinity College to the Castle, Christ Church, 
 and Patrick’s Cathedrals, and comprising College-green, 
 Dame-street, Cork-hill, and Castle-street, parallel to 
 which, and within a few minutes walk to the north, 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 0 
 
 runs the River Liffey with its fine spacious quays on 
 either side, dividing the city into two districts known 
 as the 
 
 NORTH AND SOUTH SIDES. 
 
 Keeping in view these two leading thoroughfares, the 
 Tourist will find little or no difficulty in making his 
 way through every part of the city. We shall however, 
 proceed to point his attention to the various objects 
 which we consider most deserving of notice, in the order 
 which appears to us, the most convenient, for those 
 whose time is limited, commencing at the North side, 
 before entering which we recommend him to pause for 
 a few moments, before proceeding over 
 
 CARLISLE BRIDGE. 
 
 Observing the magnificent views to be obtained 
 from this point. Eastward he will have a fine view of 
 the Liffey crowded with merchant ships from every 
 quarter of the world, and bordered with spacious quays : 
 the fine cupola and south and west fronts of the Custom 
 House, giving a high degree of grandeur to the scene. 
 Westward he will still look along the Liffey, where the 
 scene affords a fine contrast to the other view ; no ship- 
 ping however, is visible in this direction, but the river 
 is spanned by several elegant bridges, and bordered by 
 commercial houses, and public buildings of great magni- 
 ficence, which, with the towering spires and pinacles in 
 the distance, form a delightful picture. 
 
 Looking southward along Westmoreland-street, the 
 portico of the Bank of Ireland at its termination, and 
 the facade of Trinity College, with Grafton-street in 
 the distance, merit particular attention ; and turning to 
 the North, the eye will survey the entire length of 
 
10 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN, 
 
 SACKVILLE STREET, 
 
 Once the residence of the nobility of Ireland, and 
 acknowledged by all travellers to be the grandest' 
 thoroughfare in Europe, with the Trafalgar Monument 
 in its centre, rising to a height of 1 35 feet, nearly oppo- 
 site to which is the General Post Office, the beautiful 
 spire of George’s Church illuminated by the bright rays 
 of the sun in the distance, and terminated by the 
 Rotunda and Lying-in Hospital, with the ornamentedly 
 railed in, and tastefully planted enclosure called Rut- 
 land-square, on the north side of which stands the town 
 residence of the Earl of Charlemont, an elegant edifice 
 of cut granite, with a handsome Ionic door, and win- 
 dows enriched with architraves and pediments, and 
 having on each side a circular wing with three niches, 
 crowned with a balustrade. On entering this noble 
 avenue and proceeding nearly half its length the first 
 public building that presents itself on the left is 
 
 THE GENERAL POST OFFICE. 
 
 This beautiful building which is worthy its situation, 
 was erected in 1818, at an expense of £50,000, from 
 designs by Francis Johnson, Esq., Architect. — Its front 
 is built of cut granite and presents a grand portico of 
 of six fluted Ionic columns, four feet six inches in dia- 
 meter, extending over and covering the flag way for 
 nearly 100 feet long, and supporting an entablature 
 surmounted by a pediment on which are displayed the 
 Royal Arms, on the apex and extremities, are also well 
 executed colossal statues of Hibernia, Mercury, and 
 Fidelity. — Immediately opposite the north, and in the 
 centre of the street stands 
 
 NELSON’S MONUMENT, 
 
 The foundation stone of which was laid on the 15th 
 February, 1808, by the Duke of Richmond, then Lord 
 Lieutenant. of Ireland. 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 11 
 
 This stately column, erected by public subscription, at 
 an expense of £6,856, to commemorate the memory and 
 victories of Britannia’s Hero, rises 122 feet above the 
 level of the street, and is surmounted by a platform on 
 which stands a colossal figure thirteen feet high, of the 
 late warrior, leaning against the capstan of a ship. This 
 grand column is hollow, and the platform, which is 
 securely railed in, is accessible by winding stairs. From 
 this platform, a most delightful panoramic view of the 
 whole city, the bay and surrounding country, including 
 Kingstown, Dalkey and Killiney, the Dublin, Wicklow, 
 and in very clear weather, the Mourn e Mountains in 
 the County of Down, is obtained. — This pillar may be 
 ascended on any day of the week^ except Sunday, on 
 payment of six-pence to the attendant, and a visit to its 
 summit will fully repay the visitor for his trouble in 
 ascending. Continuing northward to the top of this 
 street the buildings presenting themselves on the left 
 are the 
 
 THE ROTUNDA AND LYING-IN HOSPITAL. 
 
 This ornamental building, and truly valuable institution 
 was commenced in 1751, and was opened for the admis- 
 sion of patients on the 8th December, 1757, by the 
 Duke of Bedford, Lord Lieutenant, when fifty-two poor 
 women were admitted. It occupies a frontage of 125 
 feet by eighty-two deep ; it is faced with cut granite 
 both front and rere, and was built by, and from designs 
 of Mr. Cassels, architect, at an expense of £20,000. — 
 This institution owes its origin to Dr. Bartholomew 
 Mosse, who, in course of his practice as a medical 
 doctor, was struck with the pitiful destitution and 
 wretchedness of poor females during their confinement, 
 and who, to alleviate their sufferings, in 1745, opened 
 and furnished at his own expense, in Great George’s- 
 street, the first hospital of this kind in the British 
 
12 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 Dominions, and in the year 1747, an application was 
 made to him by persons in London for a copy of his 
 plan and regulations, which he transmitted, and the 
 year following, a similar hospital was erected at Brown- 
 low-street, London, Finding that his hospital was quite 
 inadequate to the increasing demands upon him for 
 relief, he took the plot of ground in Great Britain-street, 
 on which now stands the subject of our description, and 
 laid out at his own expense, the present Rotunda Gardens 
 as a public promenade, intending the profits to be applied 
 to the purposes of the hospital. He subsequently by 
 unceasing exertions succeeded in erecting and effecting 
 the endowment of this institution. — The philantrophie 
 exertions of Dr. Mpsse in expending his own fortune 
 and exertions which produced £8,000, and the evident 
 utility of his plan, soon induced others to encourage his 
 exertions, and accordingly a sum of £12,000 was granted 
 by parliament for the completion of the building, with 
 a sum of £2,000 for the doctor’s own use, as a reward 
 for his philantrophy and benevolence. — He did not 
 however, long enjoy the satisfaction of beholding the 
 fruits of his exertions, as he died on the 16th February 
 1759, in the 47th year of his age. 
 
 This institution derives its support from various be- 
 quests and private subscriptions, a small government 
 grant, the returns from the chapel and rents of the 
 Rotunda and gardens. 
 
 The Rotunda and new rooms adjoining, form a very 
 distinguishing feature in the city — the former a most 
 magnificent circular room, was built in the year 1757, 
 as a place of public entertainment. In 1785 an elegant 
 suite of rooms were begun to be added to the Rotunda, 
 and the Rotunda itself to be much beautified in its ex- 
 ternal appearance by Mr. Johnson architect, assisted by 
 Frederick Trench, Esq. to whose exertions and taste in 
 architecture these buildings are much indebted. 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 13 
 
 The interior of the Rotunda, a most magnificent room, 
 eighty feet in diameter by forty feet high, without any 
 middle support, has, within the last year been greatly 
 beautified by a set of ornamental galleries, which not 
 only afford increased accommodation, but add consi- 
 derably to its former grandeur. This spacious building 
 is the Exeter Hall of Dublin, being, with the adjoining 
 rooms in Cavendish-row, generally used for public enter- 
 tainments and religious meetings. In these buildings, 
 the great meetings of the Bible Societies, the Irish and 
 Foreign Missions, and various other associations for 
 the circulation of the Scriptures are held. These meet- 
 ings are annually held in the month of April, when 
 deputations of the clergy, from different quarters of 
 the world, attend, to give missionary information, &c. 
 The Rotundo, on these occasions, is crowded to excess 
 by the respectable portion of the citizens; and the 
 oratory of the speakers, and the anecdotes related, are 
 of the most interesting description. 
 
 The gardens connected with this institution, form a 
 a most interesting promenade, especially in the summer, 
 when they are enlivened by the music of military bands, 
 which are generally in attendance. 
 
 Leaving Sackville-street and proceeding eastward 
 through Great Bri tain-street, the next to the south, is 
 Marlborough-street in which is situate on the right 
 
 THOMAS’S CHURCH, 
 
 Commenced in 1758 and completed in 1762, at an 
 expense of £3,000 under the superintendence of Mr. 
 John Smith architect, from a design by Paladio. The 
 front of this building is best viewed from Gloucester- 
 street which terminates exactly opposite. It is a com- 
 position of Roman and Grecian architecture, and consists 
 of two pilasters, and two three-quarter columns, of the 
 composite order, of excellent workmanship, supporting 
 
14 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 an entablature and pediment. In the centre between 
 the columns is a grand doorway over which is a angular 
 pediment. The entablature is continued at each side 
 to the extremity of the building with pilasters, archi- 
 traves, &c. On each side are niches, decorated with Corin- 
 thian pilasters, and crowned with pediments. Connected 
 with the front by a circular wall, are two advanced gates, 
 which form well proportioned wings to the body of the 
 building, making the entire front 182 feet. 
 
 The interior of the church which is eighty feet by 
 fifty two, is well decorated by Corinthian columns which 
 support the gallery, and the ceiling is richly ornamented. 
 Proceeding southward on the same side in this street is 
 
 THE ROMAN CATHOLIC CATHEDRAL. 
 
 A grand structure in the Grecian style, erected in 1816, 
 on the site of Annesley House, the former residence of 
 the family of that name. The ground on which this 
 edifice stands was purchased for £500, and the building 
 itself is supposed to have cost £100,000 though the 
 original sum intended to be expended on its erection 
 did not exceed half this amount. The principal front 
 consists of a grand Doric portico of six fluted columns, 
 projecting ten feet on an extensive and elevated platea, 
 and surrounded by a rich entablature continued round 
 the sides, above which rises an angualar pediment, on 
 the apex of which, stands a colossal statue of a female, 
 with corresponding male statues on its extremities. 
 This grand portico is seen to the greatest advantage 
 from the entrance to Tyrone House, exactly opposite — 
 The principal or east front occupies a space of 118 feet 
 and the south front, which is nearly as fine as the east, 
 though blocked up by the unsightly buildings on the 
 opposite side of the lane-way, is 160 feet. 
 
 Directly opposite is the entrance to Tyrone House 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 15 
 
 formerly the town mansion of the Marquis of Waterford, 
 but now used as the 
 
 OFFICES OF THE BOARD OF NATIONAL 
 EDUCATION. 
 
 This edifice, which lies to the south of the gate entrance, 
 is remarkable for being one of the first private buildings 
 of stone erected in Dublin — it was erected about the 
 year 1740, from the design of Mr. Cassels, and was at 
 that time considered the most elegant private structure 
 in the city. — It is now occupied by the resident com- 
 missioner of National Education, and in it are also 
 the Board-room and Library belonging to the same 
 body. Opposite to this stands a very fine building 
 lately erected for the accommodation of the professors, 
 and lecture-room for the teachers under training; 
 and to the rere of this, are also situated the Model 
 Schools of the Board. 
 
 Proceeding to the south through Marlborough-street 
 and entering Abbey-street the new building on the left 
 is 
 
 THE METROPOLITAN HALL, 
 
 (Lately known as the Music Hall) 
 
 Formerly used as place of performance by equestrians and 
 other strolling players, but now appropriated, exclusively 
 to religious purposes. — This building has, within the last 
 few years, obtained a good deal of celebrity, being that 
 in which the revival meetings conducted by Mr. J. D. 
 Smith, of Kingstown and other gentlemen of the cle- 
 rical order are held. These meetings are generally 
 crowded to excess by persons of various religious 
 denominations, who, notwithstanding the diversity of 
 their opinions, join together in the daily devotions in 
 which all classes are invited to take part. In this street 
 
16 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 are also situated, a Baptist, a Methodist, and a Presby- 
 terian Chapel — and on the opposite side is 
 
 THE ROYAL HIBERNIAN ACADEMY, 
 
 Of painting, sculpture, and architecture, incorporated by 
 Royal Charter in 1823, and erected by Francis Johnson, 
 Esq. — The annual exhibition of the above works of art 
 commences here in May, and generally continues to 
 about the 1st August. The charge for admission is one 
 shilling, and a visit to it will be found worthy of atten- 
 tion. 
 
 Continuing eastward through this street, the Tourist 
 will immediately arrive at 
 
 THE CUSTOM HOUSE, 
 
 This magnificent building presents four grand fronts, 
 occupying a space of 375 feet long by 205 deep. The 
 north and south being the principal ones. — It was com- 
 menced in 1781, and completed in 1791, under the 
 superintedence of Mr. James Gandon, architect. — Its 
 entire expense is estimated at £400,000. It is acknow- 
 ledged to be the most excellent building appropriated to 
 such a use in Europe, and conveys a very exalted idea 
 of the city in the approach from the bay, which is above 
 a mile distant. 
 
 The whole building is decorated with columns and 
 ornaments of the Doric order. In the centre is a portico 
 over which is a handsome cupola, on exactly the same 
 plan as those at Greenwich Hospital. — The Dome, which 
 is covered with copper, is twenty-six feet in diameter 
 and 113 feet high; on its top is a circular pedestal on 
 which is a statue 12 feet high, representing hope resting 
 on her anchor. On the attic story over the four pillars 
 of the portico, are statues of Neptune, Plenty, Industry, 
 and Mercury. — In the tympanum of the pediment, in alto 
 relievo, is represented the friendly union of Britannia 
 and Hibernia, with the good consequences resulting to 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 17 
 
 Ireland : They are placed in the centre, on a car of shell, 
 embracing each other. — Neptune on the right, is driving 
 away with his trident, Famine and Despair; on the left 
 are sea gods, sounding their shells ; and a fleet of ships, 
 at a distance, approaching full sail, to which Hibernia is 
 pointing. — The frieze of the entablature, over the por- 
 tico, is ornamented with oxes’ heads entire, with festoons 
 from one to the other, supposed to be of their hides. — 
 On the key-stones of the arches of entrance, and others 
 corresponding, in all sixteen, are allegorically repre- 
 sented as many rivers of Ireland, under male heads, 
 excepting one, a female in the centre of the north front, 
 representing the River Liffey ; all decorated with what is 
 peculiar to them, or their banks, and were executed, with 
 the greater part of the other ornaments, by Mr. Edward 
 Smith, a native artist, in a very bold superior style. The 
 four statues over the portico with four others on the 
 front, were executed in London, by Mr. Thomas Banks, 
 R. A. 
 
 The north front, differs considerably from the south; 
 it has a portico of four columns, in the centre, but no 
 pediment. — On the entablature over each column, are 
 statues representing Europe, Asia, Africa, and America. 
 The whole of this beautiful structure is built of moun- 
 tain granite, with the exception of the south front, and 
 the decorative parts of the other three, which are of 
 Portland. 
 
 The doors on each side of the portico, in the south 
 front, communicate with passages running the whole 
 depth of the building, with a range of offices on one 
 side, lighted from the courts. — Immediately within 
 these doors, to the right and left, are handsome stair- 
 cases, leading to the Long Room, in the way to which 
 is a beautiful octagonal vestibule under the cupola. — 
 The Long Room is a spacious, superb apartment, 70 feet 
 square ; down each side is a range of composite columns, 
 
18 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 about twelve feet from the walls, supporting an arched 
 ceiling, in which are two large circular lanterns, richly 
 ornamented with devices in stucco, which, with semicir- 
 cular windows above the entablature, over the columns, 
 pleasingly illuminate this room. 
 
 It is a matter of regret that the commerce of the 
 port of Dublin, has been found to be insufficient for the 
 occupation of this fine building, as was originally in- 
 tended. Its apartments have for many years past, been 
 converted into offices for the transaction of the business 
 of the public service. It is now the Somerset House 
 of Dublin, as in it are the Stamp Office, the Offices of 
 Public Works, the Poor Law Commission, and other 
 public departments. 
 
 To the east of the Custom House, are the Docks, which 
 are entered from the river by means of a sea lock, 
 through which the Spitfire a twenty gun ship is known 
 to have been driven by stress of weather and took shel- 
 ter. — The warehouses and stores here are spacious, and 
 the whole is worthy a visit, if time permit. 
 
 Leaving the Custom House and proceeding north- 
 wards through Gardiner-street, the first building on the 
 left is 
 
 TRINITY CHURCH, 
 
 Celebrated for the popularity of its preacher, Mr. John 
 Gregg. Proceeding northward through this street, and 
 turning to the right into Talbot-street a fine view is 
 obtained of the 
 
 THE DROGHEDA RAILWAY TERMINUS. 
 
 A very elegant structure of granite in the Italian style 
 of architecture, erected in 1845 at a cost of £7,000 
 from the design of Mr. Butler architect. — This fine 
 edifice occupies a frontage of 140 feet, and consists of a 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 19 
 
 centre surmounted by a fine campanile rising to tlie 
 height of 95 feet. On either side of this centre, on an 
 elevation of five feet above the ordinary level of the road- 
 way, are colonades, which are also terminated by two 
 smaller campaniles, and between the centre and these 
 colonades is the public entrance by winding stairs, to the 
 platform, waiting, and board rooms, and other apartments 
 connected with the establishment, on the same level, 
 which is twenty-four feet above the street. The central 
 campanile contains an observatory and signal bell. On 
 the front is also a large clock, which is not only a public 
 convenience to travellers by the railway, but to those 
 resident in the neighbourhood. 
 
 Proceeding northward from Amiens-street through 
 Buckingham-street, the next large building on the right 
 is 
 
 ALBOROUGH HOUSE, 
 
 Once the residence of the nobleman of that name and 
 father of the well known patron of Holloway s Pills . 
 This spacious building was for some years celebrated as 
 the Feinaiglian Institution, but for several years past, it 
 has been occupied as a military barrack. 
 
 Proceeding still by Buckingham-street through Sum- 
 mer-hill, a front view will be obtained of 
 
 THE FREE CHURCH. 
 
 At the termination of Rutland-street in Great Charles- 
 street, — a neat and commodious building of granite with 
 an Ionic pediment, built by subscription in 1850, on the 
 site of the former building, accidentally burned on the 
 night of the 29th June, 1849. 
 
 This church is supported by the voluntary contribu- 
 tions of one of the best instructed congregations con- 
 nected with the Church of England in Dublin. Ad- 
 joining this on the west is 
 
20 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 MOUNTJOY SQUARE, 
 
 A modern healthfully situated, and tastefully planted 
 enclosure. — The houses, which are chiefly inhabited by 
 professional gentlemen, and private families of respect- 
 ability, lie on an elevation of about thirty -five feet above 
 the level of the roadway at Carlisle Bridge, three quar- 
 ters of a mile distant, and from their windows fine views 
 are obtainable of the Hill of Howth, and bay of Dublin, 
 as well as the southern portion of the city, suburbs, and 
 mountain scenery. 
 
 Proceeding along the south side of this square to its 
 junction with the west, and looking southward, a grand 
 view is obtained of Gardiner-street, which for a distance 
 of about half a-mile, lies on nearly an inclined plane, 
 with the magnificent front, cupola, and enclosed crescent 
 of the Custom House at its termination. Proceeding 
 northward along the west side of this square to Upper 
 Gardiner-street, the object which presents itself on the 
 right is the 
 
 JESUITS’ CHAPEL, 
 
 Erected in 1832, at an expense of £18,000; J. B. Ken- 
 nedy, Esq. architect. — This building presents a grand 
 portico of six granite columns over forty feet high, with 
 a corresponding pediment. — The interior is richly orna- 
 mented, and at either side are some fine buildings 
 connected with the chapel. 
 
 Proceeding by Gardiner’s-place, which is a continua- 
 tion of the north side of Mountjoy-square, into Temple- 
 street, a grand view is obtained of 
 
 GEORGE’S CHURCH. 
 
 Which is certainly the finest ecclesiastical building in 
 Dublin, erected in the year 1802, at an expense of 
 £39916 15s. 3id. 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 21 
 
 It consists of a noble Ionic portico of four fluted 
 columns, surmounted by an entablature and frieze, 
 supporting an angular pediment, bearing a scriptural 
 inscription in Greek. From behind the portico, which 
 extends forty-two feet by fifteen deep, rise a belfry, 
 clock-tower, and spire, of unusual grandeur, to the 
 height of 200 feet. 
 
 The interior of this church corresponds in point of 
 beauty with its exterior, and the absence of pillars under 
 the galleries being obviated by the timbers on which 
 they rest, projecting from the walls, and resting on a 
 partition, which separates the aisles from the body of the 
 church, gives to it an appearance of much beauty and 
 elegance. — This noble structure forms the greatest 
 ornament of the northern portion, or indeed of the 
 whole city, and occupies a space of ninety-two feet in 
 front, by eighty-four in depth. It is enclosed by a cir- 
 cular railing, which, with the crescent-like space in front, 
 and the advantage of its situation, contribute greatly to the 
 beauty and elegance of its appearance. — It was erected 
 from designs of Francis Johnson, Esq. architect; and to 
 the liberality of this gentleman, the church is indebted 
 for the valuable peal of bells which it possesses. Pro- 
 ceeding northwards through Eccles-street, near the top 
 will be passed on the right, a very spacious building 
 presenting a fine front of cut granite, with a portico 
 supported by columns, on which rests a pediment. This 
 building is yet in an unfinished state, and is intended as 
 a nunnery and surgical hospital. 
 
 Continuing northward to the Circular Road, the brick 
 building at its junction with that on which we are pro- 
 ceeding is 
 
 THE DUBLIN FEMALE PENITENTIARY, 
 
 The chapel attached to which, adjoins the south side 
 of the building, and is entered by a gate-way at the 
 
 A 3 
 
22 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 same side. This valuable institution, which presents an 
 asylum for those who have forsaken the right way, is 
 supported, partly by voluntary contributions, and partly 
 by the collections made at sermons in the chapel ; it also 
 derives some support from the proceeds of a laundry 
 attached, which receives the patronage of many families 
 of respectability, who take an interest in the prosperity 
 of this institution, where those who have no hope, are 
 brought within the reach of the word of life, which reveals 
 pardon and peace, to the guiltiest of the fallen race. At 
 the rere of this institution is situated the 
 
 MOUNTJOY CONVICT PRISON, 
 
 The most complete of its description in Europe. This 
 model prison consists of a massive range of buildings 
 two stories high, with two similar wings, starting from 
 its centre, from which, if a circle were described, w T ith 
 either of these extremities as a radius, the front range 
 would form its diameter. Along the wdiole length of 
 these sections and wings, are corridors which, in the 
 upper story, are approached by palisadings, at either 
 side of which, are the different cells, the whole being 
 illuminated by lights in the roofs; and, from the ad- 
 mirable arrangement of the buildings, a complete view is 
 had of each from the centre point in the upper story 
 already alluded to. In this prison the convicts are 
 classified according to their ages and crimes, and those 
 who indicate a desire for reformation are transferred to 
 a less degraded class, while the more incorrigible are 
 not permitted to see one another. The younger prison- 
 ers are instructed in trades, by masters employed for the 
 purpose ; they are also instructed by competent masters 
 in mental arithmetic, geography, &c., and many of them 
 are known to have obtained good situations and to have 
 conducted themselves with propriety after their dis- 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 23 
 
 charge from prison. The officers are men of more than 
 ordinary intelligence, and their demeanour, which is 
 free from that intolerance which is often heard of in 
 other prisons, especially in England, has a very salutary 
 influence over the conduct of the unhappy class of per- 
 sons committed to their charge. 
 
 Returning by Berkeley-street into Mount joy-street 
 the building in front is 
 
 MARY’S CHAPEL OF EASE, 
 
 Commonly called the Black Church, on account of the 
 color of the stone with which it is erected. — This is con- 
 sidered the most perfect specimen of pointed gothic 
 style of architecture in Dublin. 
 
 South of this in Dorset-street, at the entrance to 
 Granby-row is 
 
 BETHESDA CHAPEL, 
 
 Erected on the site of the former building, which was 
 burnt during the fearful hurricane on the night of the 
 sixth of January, 1839. The front of this interesting 
 chapel is built of cut granite and presents a grand portico 
 of four columns, supporting a pediment. The original 
 chapel of this name was erected in the latter end of the 
 last century, by William Smith, Esq. who also appointed 
 two clergymen of the establishment, as its chaplains. — 
 He afterwards attached to it an asylum for female 
 orphans, which continues in a prosperous state unto the 
 present time. 
 
 Proceeding along Dorset-street the visitor will feel 
 interested in learning that the house, No. 12, is the birth- 
 place of the celebrated 
 
 RICHARD BRINSLEY SHERIDAN, 
 
 Or O’Sireden, the celebrated orator, and grandfather of 
 the present Duchess of Somerset, and of Mr. Richard 
 Brinsley Sheridan, M. P. for Dorchester. 
 
24 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 West of this is Dominick-street, on the left side of 
 which is 
 
 THE NEW ROMAN CATHOLIC CHAPEL, 
 
 Erected in 1860, from the designs of J. J. M’Carthy, 
 Esq., a native architect. This beautiful structure fully 
 maintains the character of our city for the grandeur 
 of its buildings ; and is in the continental decorative 
 style of architecture, carried out in all its minutiae of 
 detail. The front, which faces the street, is particularly 
 rich, having a very handsome doorway leading to the 
 nave, with smaller ones to the aisles. Over the centre 
 doorway, is the great window, which is beautifully 
 ornamented with rich scroll work. The interior is 
 beautiful in all its proportions, and its grandeur is 
 heightened by a gorgeous stained glass window in the 
 east-end. It is gratifying to learn that the great talents 
 of the Architect of this beautiful building, is appreciated 
 by his countrymen, he being the architect of the 
 Roman Catholic cathedrals of Armagh, Derry, and the 
 chapels of Monaghan, Tramore, &c. 
 
 Continuing eastward through Dorset-street, the next 
 on the right is Henrietta-street, terminated by 
 
 THE QUEEN’S INNS, 
 
 The first stone of which was laid in 1802, by the Earl 
 of Clare. It was erected from the designs of James 
 Gandon, Esq. the architect of the Custom House, and 
 presents an ornamental front of cut stone, consisting of 
 a centre and two wings, facing Constitution Hill. This 
 elegant structure is entered through a large gateway 
 from Henrietta-street, and a grand archway passing 
 through the centre, which is crowned by a beautiful 
 octagonal cupola ; over the doorway are the Royal Arms 
 in Portland stone, under which, on the entablature, in 
 the centre, the lawyers and prelates, of Ireland, are repre- 
 sented, receiving a translation of the Bible and a charter 
 from Elizabeth. The wings, which are surmounted by 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 25 
 
 pediments, are ornamented by finely executed statuary, 
 the production of Edward Smith, Esq. a native artist ; 
 amongst these might be named an alto relievo, over the 
 windows on the second story of the south wing, repre- 
 senting Bacchus and Ceres, attended by the seasons, and 
 over the front of the south wing, in a similar manner, 
 Wisdom, Justice and Prudence, attended by Truth, Time 
 and History. The doorways are ornamented by carya- 
 tides supporting rich cornices and resting upon pedestals ; 
 those at the north, are Plenty and a Baccante with a 
 goblet; and at the south, are Security and Law, one 
 holding a key, the other a scroll. 
 
 The Dining Hall, which is the principal of the interior 
 of the building, is eighty-one feet by forty-two feet, and 
 is ornamented by four Ionic columns at either end, over 
 which in circular recesses, in the ceiling, are some inte- 
 resting figures ; the room is lighted by five circular- 
 headed windows on one side, and on the opposite, are 
 portraits of Lords Avonmore and Manners. Proceeding 
 through the gateway at the north side of Constitution 
 Hill, immediately will be reached 
 
 THE BROAD STONE STATION, 
 
 The Dublin Terminus of the Midland Great Western 
 Railway. — This station, designed by Mr. Mulvany, 
 architect, stands on a favourable elevation of ground, 
 and is constructed of well finished granite; — it contains 
 the offices of the company, and has long segmental 
 'roofs over the platforms and rails at its rere; along 
 one side of which is an effective colonade of Ionic 
 columns, forming a covered approach to what was till 
 lately, the booking offices and departure platform, being, 
 from some cause, on the opposite side of the rails to 
 that which is almost universally the rule, in the w^ay of 
 running the trains, the morning train being always on 
 .the left hand side of the rails, and thereby occasioning 
 much risk of collision in changing sides when arriving 
 
26 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 at, or departing from the station, has lately undergone 
 extensive changes.— The original booking offices and 
 waiting rooms, have recently been taken down and the 
 space thrown into the colonade, making it now an ex- 
 tensive covered area for carriages without interfering 
 with the architecture of the colonade. 
 
 Extensive new offices, have been built on the proper 
 departure side, and accommodation provided for the 
 enlarged wants of the company, and the different boards 
 or clerks, of the important new lines formed in extension 
 of the railway. These alterations and new works, have 
 been carried out under the direction of Mr. Wilkinson, 
 the architect of the Harcourt-street Terminus of the 
 Dublin and Wicklow Railway, and other extensive 
 buildings throughout Ireland. 
 
 From the bridge adjoining this terminus, a most beau- 
 tiful panoramic view of the city and surrounding country 
 to the south, extending as far as the mountains which 
 separate the counties of Dublin and Wicklow, is obtained. 
 Looking westward from this point, the North Dublin 
 Union Workhouse, an establishment of no great interest 
 to any, but the officers connected therewith, and the 
 Richmond Lunatic Asylum, are seen, and north of 
 these is the Richmond F emale Penitentiary, correspond nig 
 in some measure, but vastly inferior in point of manage- 
 ment and general arrangement to the Mount joy Convict 
 Prison, on the Circular-road, already described. South 
 of the Workhouse, and nearly adjoining it, are the Whit- 
 worth Chronic, the Hardwicke Fever, and Richmond 
 Surgical, Hospitals. Descending from this bridge 
 and proceeding directly southwards, through Constitu- 
 tion Hill and Church-street, the next building deserving 
 of notice on the right is 
 
 MICHAN’S CHURCH, 
 
 One of the oldest religious establishments in Dublin. 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 27 
 
 The most remarkable features connected with which, 
 are its vaults, which, possess the property of resisting 
 decomposition in the bodies deposited therein. In the 
 cemetery adjoining this church lie the remains of Robert 
 Emmett, and in the vaults those of the brothers Shears 
 executed for high treason in 1798. Proceeding south 
 of this, on the quays, are 
 
 THE FOUR COURTS. 
 
 This magnificent structure was erected on the site of one 
 of the old monastic establishments, with which Dublin 
 abounded about the twelfth century. It was commenced 
 in 1786, and completed in 1800, at an expense exceed- 
 ing £200,000: Messrs. Thomas Cooley and James Gan- 
 don being the architects. 
 
 It is needless to enter into a detailed description of 
 the outward structure ; the elegance of which will be 
 best understood on being viewed by the visitor. On 
 the pediment over the portico stands a colossal statue 
 representing Moses; on the one side is Justice, on the 
 other Mercy. On the corners of the building, over the 
 pilasters, are also statues representing Wisdom and 
 Authority. 
 
 In the circular hall, which is entered from the front 
 through the portico, and which during term is crowded 
 by barristers, solicitors and clients, are eight openings 
 leading to the various offices and courts. In each of 
 these openings stand four fluted Corinthian columns, 
 twenty-five feet high ; two in depth at each side. In 
 the piers between the openings are niches and sunk 
 panels. In the panels, over the entrances into the 
 courts, are historical pieces in bas relief representing 
 four great events in British history. First, William the 
 Conqueror establishing courts of justice, feudal and 
 Norman laws, doomsday book, curfew. Second, King 
 John signing Magna Charta before the barons. Third, 
 
28 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 Henry II. on landing in Ireland, receiving the Irish 
 chieftains, grants the first charter to Dublin. Fourth, 
 James I. abolishing the Brehon laws, &c. The whole, 
 w r ith the sculpture of the external portion of the building, 
 are in the pure style of the antique, and executed by 
 Edward Smith a native artist. 
 
 From the attic, springs a dome nearly hemispherical, 
 having a large circular opening in the centre, around 
 which is a gallery. Through the opening is seen a void, 
 between the interior and exterior domes, the same in 
 effect as is seen in St. Paul’s Cathedral, London. The 
 hall is lighted by eight windows in the dome, over the 
 eight panels of the attic: the large apertures in the 
 cylinder without, communicate to the windows within, 
 whence flows a power of light, which completely, as 
 well as beautifully, illumines the whole. Between the 
 windows in the dome are eight colossal statues in alto- 
 relievo, standing on consoles, emblematical of liberty, 
 justice, wisdom, law, prudence, mercy, eloquence, and 
 punishment. A rich frieze of foliage takes its rise over 
 the heads of the above statues, and extends around the 
 dome. In the frieze, over each window, are medallions 
 of eight eminent ancient lawgivers, viz., Moses, Lycur- 
 gus, Solon, Numa, Confucius, Alfred, Mancho-Capac, 
 and Ollamh Fodlagh. In the centre of the hall is a 
 pedestal on which stands a colossal statue of truth 
 holding a torch, through which, is conveyed a gas tube 
 by which the hall is illuminated during the sittings in 
 the winter evenings; and on the left of the front 
 entrance, is a statue of Sir Michael O’Loghlen, late 
 Master of the Rolls, by M’Dowell, R. A. of London, 
 In the yard, to the rere of the Four Courts, are situated 
 the courts and offices of the Masters in Chancery, the 
 Bankrupt and Insolvent Courts, together with the newly 
 erected Landed Estates Court; all of which are of cut 
 granite and present a very fine range of building. 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 29 
 
 Nearly opposite the east end of tiie front is 
 RICHMOND BRIDGE. 
 
 The first stone of this structure was laid by the 
 Duchess of Richmond in 1813. This bridge was erected 
 at the expense of £25,800 raised by the city; and ex- 
 ceeds in breadth any of the old London bridges, being 
 220 feet long, and 52 broad, consisting of three arches, 
 the key-stones of which, are ornamented with six colossal 
 heads, representing Peace, Hibernia, and Commerce, on 
 one side, and, on the other, Plenty, the Liffey, and In- 
 dustry. The whole is built of Portland stone, and is 
 surmounted with a balustrade of cast iron, which is 
 continued along the quay wall, opposite the entire front 
 of the Four Courts, and thence to 
 
 WHITWORTH BRIDGE, 
 
 Erected on the site of the most ancient of all the 
 bridges, and connecting two of the oldest streets — 
 Bridge-street and Church-street. The first of these, the 
 “ Old Bridge,” fell in 1385, and was re-erected in 1428, 
 by a company of monks or friars called “ Dominicans,” 
 who kept a school at Usher’s Island on the opposite side, 
 and charged a toll of one penny for every carriage 
 passing it. This bridge stood until 1802, when it was 
 swept away by a great flood, and replaced in 1816 by 
 the present solid structure. Proceeding eastward along 
 Arran-quay the next object of interest is 
 
 THE NEW ROMAN CATHOLIC CHAPEL, 
 
 A very elegant structure of cut granite, the front of 
 which faces the river, and presents a grand Ionic por- 
 tico of four columns supporting an entablature and 
 pediment, surmounted by a three-storied tower, crowned 
 by a cupola. This chapel is generally attended by the 
 Roman Catholic soldiers stationed in the Royal Barracks, 
 
30 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 and their appearance, marching to and from mass on 
 Sundays, tends very much to enliven this part of tlie- 
 city. Continuing eastward as far as No. 33, on this 
 quay, to the house with an ornamental front, at present 
 occupied by Messrs. McDermott, manufacturing che- 
 mists, the visitor will feel interested in learning that this 
 is the 
 
 BIRTHPLACE OF EDMUND BURKE, 
 
 One of the greatest statesmen, and the most powerful 
 orator, that the British Constitution has ever possessed. 
 Of the singular eloquence and stupendous accomplish- 
 ments of this great statesman, the Times of the 9th 
 April, 1852, has given the following description. 
 
 “ The intellectual prowess of Edmund Burke is the 
 admiration of the world. Since Bacon quitted life, 
 England had not possessed so marvellous a son. Philo- 
 sophy dwelt in his soul, and raised him to the dignity 
 of a prophet. Gorgeous eloquence was his natural in- 
 heritance, practical wisdom his chief accomplishment; 
 while all the intellectual graces were his hourly com- 
 panions. Politics, when he dealt with them, assumed a 
 grandeur which they had never known before, for he 
 raised them above the exigencies of his own fleeting 
 day, to apply them to the instruction and the wants of 
 future ages. It has been justly remarked that the con- 
 temporaries of Burke, great and illustrious men, bravely 
 fought and nobly conquered ; but they were content 
 with the victory of the hour. Burke, too, achieved his 
 conquest for the day; but did not rest satisfied until he 
 had won from the conflict wisdom, intelligence, and 
 lofty principle, for all time to come. Fox was the crea- 
 tion of his age. Burke is not the statesman of a period 
 or of a place, but the enduring teacher of the universal 
 family — the abiding light of the civilized world. When 
 Fox spoke, says Chateaubriand, it was in vain that the 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 31 
 
 stranger tried to resist the impression made upon him. 
 
 ‘ He turned aside and wept.’ We read the speeches of 
 Fox at this not very distant day, and marvel at their 
 declared effect; for our tears do not flow from the 
 perusal, our blood is not warmed by the syllables. Still 
 more are we astonished to learn that the pregnant and 
 singularly profound language of Burke fell too fre- 
 quently upon stony ears, and that the rising of the 
 orator was often a signal for the flight of his audience. 
 Yet the double wonderment is easy of explanation. 
 That which will render Shakespeare familiar to our 
 hearths, while a hearth can be kindled in England, will 
 also secure the immortality of Edmund Burke. There 
 was nothing local, nothing temporary, nothing circum- 
 scribed in his magnificent utterance. His appeals were 
 not to the prejudices of his contemporaries or to the 
 ever-changing sentiments of the time. He marched 
 with a sublime movement ever in advance of the multi- 
 tude. Every generation can point to its popular chief, 
 and there are few epochs which do not boast of their 
 Fox. In what political age shall we look for a states- 
 man in all respects so illustrious as Burke ?” 
 
 One observation more to terminate this biography. 
 Of late years, to the credit of this country, numerous 
 statues have been raised to those illustrious statesmen 
 and warriors, who have successfully carried out the 
 policy and plans proposed by Edmund Burke. Pitt, at 
 first, the reluctant and afterwards the earnest disciple 
 of Burke’s teaching ; Canning and Peel, the later fol- 
 lowers of Burke’s doctrines; Nelson and Wellington, 
 who did eventually at sea and on land what Burke 
 wanted to have done in his own time — all these adorn 
 in bronze or marble our public places; but where is 
 there, in the open air and the broad thoroughfare, a 
 statue of Edmund Burke — of him whose life was one 
 long devotion to the cause of order, and whose sculp 
 
32 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 tured effigy, like a landmark, would not fail to con- 
 stantly recall those true limits of liberty, which form 
 the boundaries of the British constitution? Dublin 
 once enthusiastically suggested a statue to Edmund 
 Burke, but failed to erect it. No wonder. The streets 
 and squares of that beautiful city present few mementos 
 of Irelands own great men. We see there no cast nor 
 carved presentments of Swift, Goldsmith, or O’Connell. 
 But for Hardy’s able biography, and Charles Phillips’ 
 admirable “ Recollections,” Charlemont and Curran 
 might be overlooked and forgotten. Truly, in this, 
 Ireland incurs the imputation of a memory almost Athe- 
 nian. Much, however, has been done on this side of the 
 Channel, and latterly in particular, to earn a better 
 reputation. Nevertheless, until there rises in England 
 some monument worthy of the great Edmund, it cannot 
 even be said of this country, that enough is effected — - 
 that the sure pledge exists of that just consummation 
 by which transcendent talent and virtue may hope to 
 experience righteous remembrance, appropriate homage, 
 and adequate reward.” 
 
 East of this is 
 
 QUEEN'S BRIDGE, 
 
 Erected in 1768 on the site of the former bridge swept 
 away by a flood in 1763. It consists of three arches 
 built of cut granite. It is 140 feet long, by 40 broad ; 
 and presents a pleasing appearance, being ornamented 
 with a light metal balustrade. Turning to the right 
 through Queen-street, Blackliall-street is reached, to 
 the north of which, is Pauls Church, and at its termi- 
 nation the front of 
 
 THE BLUE COAT HOSPITAL, 
 
 Erected in 1773, during the viceroyalty of the Earl of 
 Harcourt, at an expense of £24,000. This noble build- 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 33 
 
 ing occupies a frontage of 300 feet, and is faced with 
 Portland stone. The Blue Coat Hospital founded by 
 Charles II. with a charter, and grant of the ground for 
 same, originally stood in Queen-street. The annual 
 income of this institution, amounting to about £4000, 
 is, according to the intention of its founder, appropri- 
 ated to the maintaining, clothing, educating, and ap- 
 prenticing the sons of deceased or reduced Protestant 
 freemen; many of whom have, from time to time, 
 attained a very high and useful position in society. 
 Nearly opposite the south end of this building, at the 
 corner of Hendrick-street, is situated the Wesleyan 
 Methodist Chapel, ercted on the site of a former 
 chapel founded in 1740. Proceeding southward 
 through a narrow street or lane-way Barrack-street is 
 immediately reached, and southward still is Ellis’s 
 Quay; where will be had a view of the new bridge just 
 erected on the site of that called 
 
 BLOODY BRIDGE, 
 
 From a number of apprentices having, in the year 1761, 
 assembled themselves together intending to break down 
 the wooden bridge, erected in the previous year ; but 
 on twenty of them having been arrested and committed 
 to the Castle, and on a guard of soldiers carrying them 
 to bridewell, they were rescued, and four of them killed 
 in the fray. 
 
 Proceeding eastward along the quay, a fine view is 
 had of the terminus of the Great Southern and West- 
 ern Railway in front, with Stevens’ and Swift’s hospi- 
 tals at its south, and on the left, at the end of Pembroke 
 Quay, are the 
 
 ROYAL BARRACKS, 
 
 Erected in 1706, in the reign of Queen Anne, and con- 
 
34 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 sidered to be the largest and most complete in Europe 
 These extensive buildings consist of five squares ; three 
 of which are in continuation fronting the south. From 
 the highway, along the ornamentally railed in Esplanade, j 
 which is a continuation of the quays, a distinct view is l 
 obtained of the three front squares, which extend from 
 east to west about a thousand feet. The Palatine square 
 lies to the north, and is the handsomest of all ; having 
 four uniform sides built of mountain granite, and occu- 
 pying an area of 314 feet long by 202 feet broad. r J he 
 whole buildings stand on elevated ground ; they are 
 capable of accommodating 2500 men and 460 horses ; 
 and ef their beauty and excellent arrangement further 
 comment is unnecessary 
 
 In the upper end of the esplanade is a trophy lately 
 erected, consisting of four large pieces of cannon, two 
 mortars, and five piles of balls taken during the Crimean 
 war. Immediately opposite the north entrance to the 
 barracks on Arbour Hill are the military chapel and 
 prison ; but, as these lie off the direct route, we reccom- 
 mend the tourist to continue his course forward until 
 he arrives at Park-gate street, at the top of which is the 
 principal entrance to 
 
 THE PHCENIX PARK, 
 
 Which is universally admitted to be the grandest and 
 most extensive city enclosure in Europe. It contains 
 1754 acres — and its highly improved condition and 
 undulating situation, with the diversity of its scenery, 
 render it beautiful beyond description. On entering this 
 delightful retreat the first object that presents itself, is 
 
 THE WELLINGTON TESTIMONIAL, 
 
 A stupendous obelisk of granite 205 feet high, rising 
 from an empanneled pedestal 57 feet square, by 24 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 35 
 
 feet high, supported by a graduated platform of four 
 flights of steps 120 feet square. 
 
 This tribute of national gratitude, was erected in 
 1817, at an expense of £20,000 raised by subscriptions 
 of the inhabitants of Dublin to commemorate the 
 achievements of their fellow citizen the Duke of 
 Wellington — upon the four fronts of the obelisk are 
 inscribed the many victories achieved by this great 
 Irish Warrior, from his first career in India, to the 
 battle of Waterloo, the latter being until lately, for 
 same unaccountable reason, omitted. The following is 
 the order in which they appear, viz. (west) Conungeel, 
 Poonah, Amednagur, Assaye, Argaum, Gawilglmr, 
 Monkaseer, (north) Talavera, Fuentes, d’Oner, Ciudad 
 Rodrigo, Badaj os, Salamanca, Vittoria, Pyrenees, (south) 
 Rolica, Vimiera, Oporto, Busaco, Torres Vedras, 
 Redinha, Sabugal, (east) Bidassoa,Nivelle, Nive, Adour, 
 Orthes, Tarbes, Toulouse. 
 
 This testimonial has lately undergone some important 
 alterations, the unsightly pedestal at the east-front 
 which was originally intended for an equestrian statue 
 of the Duke, having been removed in the year 1861, 
 and the pedestal on which the column stands having 
 been greatly beautified by the addition of four large 
 devises in bas-relief, executed by celebrated artists. 
 On the pannel of the west-front of the pedestal is a 
 grand representation of this great warrior at the battle 
 of Seringapatam executed by Kirk, a Dublin artist. 
 
 * On the north the battle of Waterloo by Farrell of 
 Dublin. On the south is the passing of the Emancipa- 
 tion Act, of 1829; the modeling of this subject was 
 commenced by the celebrated Hogan a native of Cork, 
 but that great artist dying during the progress of the 
 work, it was carried by young Hogan to Rome, and 
 there completed by Benzoni an Italian, assisted by the 
 former. On the east is a beautiful group of wreath 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 36 
 
 work, of oak leaves, encircling a ducal crown, with the 
 following inscription composed by the Marquis of 
 Wellesley, in Latin and English. 
 
 “ Asia and Europe, saved by thee proclaim” 
 
 “Invincible in War thy deathless name;” 
 
 “ Now round thy brow the civic oak we twine,” 
 
 “That every earthly glory may be thine.” 
 
 From this as well as other points in this extensive 
 park, may be had some delightful views of the city and 
 southern district of country, extending to the Dublin 
 mountains. Amongst the many objects of interest to 
 be observed from these points, may be remarked the 
 Royal Hospital of Kilmainham, on an equally elevated 
 situation. 
 
 In the intervening space in the hollow, runs the river 
 Liffey, the windings of which, for a considerable length, 
 with a fine bridge of a single arch of 104 feet span, and 
 very handsome construction, add greatly to the beauty 
 of the scene. 
 
 Returning to the north-east angle of this Park, and 
 within about 20 perches of the gate entrance, stands 
 
 THE ROYAL MILITARY INFIRMARY, 
 
 A substantial structure of granite, consisting of a 
 centre and wings, the centre being surmounted by a 
 clock tower and cupola. The first stone of this most 
 useful building, was laid on the 17th August 1786, by 
 the Duke of Rutland attended by general Pitt, Com- 
 mander of the Forces. It was completed in 1788 at an 
 expense, of £9000, Mr. William Gibson being the 
 architect. 
 
 Should the Tourist feel disposed to prolong his 
 exploration of this extensive park, he will find many 
 objects deserving his attention, amongst which, are the 
 Zoological Gardens, the Vice Regal, and Chief and 
 XJnder-Secretary’s lodge’s, Hibernian School, &c. a visit 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 37 
 
 to each, or any of which, will repay him for the time 
 so spent, hut as the portion of the day now remaining 
 after visiting the places already described will be scarce- 
 ly sufficient for this purpose, and as having already seen 
 every object deserving notice in the north side, we shall 
 conduct him through the south, into the city, first pass- 
 ing over the Liffey by the KING'S BRIDGE erected in 
 1821, to commemorate the visit of his late Majesty 
 King George the IV. adjoining which, is 
 
 THE KING’S BRIDGE STATION, 
 
 The Dublin terminus of the Great Southern and 
 Western Railway, the most spacious building of this 
 class in this city. It presents a highly decorated front 
 of cut granite, three stories high, and about 100 feet 
 long. The basement story is composed of rusticated 
 work with cornices ; the second is ornamented with 
 Corinthian pillars between which are handsome windows 
 with pediments, having at their bases a very fine 
 balcony. At either side are beautiful and exactly 
 similar cupolas, which, with the large range of offices 
 and pizzas, on the south, through which is the public 
 entrance, from a very beautiful and well arranged 
 station. Opposite the south end of the building is 
 
 STEVENS’ HOSPITAL, 
 
 Erected in 1720-33 from the bequest of Dr. Stevens. 
 A quadragular building 233 feet by 204 feet, enclosing 
 a court surrounded by a piazza with a covered gallery. 
 The entrance is through a gateway in the eastern front, 
 over which is a cupola with bell and clock. Immediately 
 to the east of this, is 
 
 SWIFTS LUNATIC HOSPITAL, 
 
 Founded by the well known clergyman of this name, 
 who bequeathed upwards of £10,000 for the purpose. 
 
38 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 It consists of a granite front 150 feet long, and two 
 stories high, with wings; the grounds attached are 
 tastefully planted and well cultivated by the patients. 
 A melancholy circumstance connected with the history 
 of this valuable institution, is, that its founder became 
 a fit subject for admittance, and closed his earthly 
 career herein. 
 
 South of this on an elevated position, is 
 
 THE ROYAL HOSPITAL, KILMAINHAM, 
 
 Erected for the accomodation of old and infirm soldiers, 
 from designs of Sir Christopher Wren, in 1684. This 
 extensive and truly national building covers a square of 
 250 feet, presenting four good fronts, the principal of 
 which is that facing the Phoenix Park. It consists of 
 the chapel, great dining hall, and Governors House, and 
 is built of granite, while the others are of brick. The 
 chapel which is situate at the east-end of this front, 
 measures 70 long, by forty feet wide, the communion 
 table of which is composed of carved Irish oak, with a 
 highly enriched ceiling and an ornamental gothic 
 window, is considered one of the most beautiful apart- 
 ments in the city. The dining hall in the middle is 100 
 feet long, by 50 feet wade, and is decorated with guns, 
 bayonets, and other weapons of destruction. This hall 
 is also decorated with fine portraits of King Charles II. 
 the founder of the hospital, King William III. Queens 
 Mary, Anne, the Duke of Devonshire, and seventeen * ; 
 other pesons of distinction. The Governors residence R 
 forms the west-part of this front, in which is a project- 
 ing centre, decorated with four Corinthian pilasters, and 
 a pediment. In this is a doorway likewise adorned 
 with pilasters and a cemicircular pediment, above which 
 are the arms of the Duke of Ormond, through whose 
 exertions the Hospital was founded. From this centre , 
 rises a steeple, the lower story of which is a square n 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 39 
 
 tower with an arched window on each side, crowned 
 with a heavy entablature, and an urn at each angle. 
 The second division contains a clock, above which rises 
 a spire which contributes to the beauty of the whole 
 building. 
 
 This Hospital was erected on the site of a religious 
 establishment called the “ Priory of John the Baptist of 
 Kilmainham,” for old and infirm soldiers. Though this 
 Hospital was originally built to accommodate 400 men, 
 there are at present only ISO inmates in it, exclusive of 
 the various officers and governor, who is also the Com- 
 mander of the Forces in Ireland. The building stands 
 on sixty-four acres of land, which is highly improved. 
 The men are most comfortably lodged and fed, and 
 each is allowed eight pence per week in lieu of his 
 pension, which is surrendered on being admitted to the 
 Hospital. Returning through James’s-street, which lies 
 to the south-east, on the right, will be passed the South 
 Dublin Union Workhouse, formerly the Foundling 
 Hospital ; but as this establishment possesses very little 
 interest beyond any of the other similar abodes of 
 wretchedness throughout this country, we would recom- 
 mend the Tourist to pursue his course directly through 
 this street, noticing 
 
 JAMES’S CHURCH, 
 
 A beautiful and commodious edifice, with a very orna- 
 mental tower and spire, erected in the years 1860-61, 
 chiefly by the liberal subscriptions of the parishioners, 
 a grant from the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, and 
 donations from several noblemen and others interested 
 in the well-being of the city. 
 
 A little to the east, on the south side, is the New 
 Roman Catholic Chapel, a large massive building, 
 well suited for the purposes for which it was erected. 
 
 c 
 
40 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 Continuing eastward, at the termination of James’s- 
 street, on the south side, is the extensive and celebrated 
 
 BREWERY OF MESSRS. GUINNESS & CO. 
 
 Which will be found interesting to the Tourist, not 
 only on account of its world-wide reputation, as the 
 manufactory of the best porter in Europe, but also on 
 account of its noble minded proprietors, whose generous 
 contributions to every valuable institution in the city, 
 and especially that of its present owner, wdiose munifi- 
 cent gift of £40,000 for re-building the decayed walls 
 of Patrick’s Cathedral, in the present year, will in 
 coming ages form an important feature in the history 
 of the city of Dublin. East of this, in Thomas- 
 street, is 
 
 CATHERINE’S CHURCH, 
 
 Erected in 1769, at an expense of £7000, on the site 
 of a Roman Catholic Establishment, bearing the same 
 name, originally built in 1105. The front is of cut 
 granite, in the Doric order, having four columns with 
 an enriched entablature surmounted by a pediment. 
 The entablature is continued the entire length of the 
 front, and is supported at each extremity by two 
 pilasters. In the centre is an Ionic arched door, with a 
 circular pediment, and between the columnsand pilasters 
 are two sets of circular headed windows — the interior 
 is commodious, and the communion table is decorated 
 by composite columns, and stucco ornaments. 
 
 As the first day’s tour will probably be coming to a 
 close at this point, and as the other places of interest 
 will be best seen by commencing at College-green, we 
 recommend the Tourist to proceed through Audoen’s 
 Arch, at the end of High-street, when he will pass 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 41 
 
 under the only remnant now in existence o£ the old 
 walls of Dublin, then on through Cook-street into 
 Winetavern-street, and along the quays where .he will 
 again get a fine view of the Four Courts, and opposite 
 Essex Bridge, that of 
 
 THE PRESBYTERIAN CHAPEL, 
 
 A very ornamental structure of cut limestone in the 
 Gothic style of architecture with towers and pinacles, 
 erected by subscriptions in 1845, the greater amount 
 having been contributed by the late Mrs. Magee, who 
 was also a member of this congregation, which is con- 
 nected with the General Assembly. The first meeting 
 house in connection with this body was erected about 
 the year 1707, on a plot of ground called u Usher’s 
 Garden” on the western extremity of a passage then 
 called “ Meeting House Yard.” It has had many 
 talented men amongst its clergy from the above time, 
 amongst which might be mentioned, the name of Mr. 
 Robert M’Master, “ author of an essay, published in 
 1731, to prove that the 25th of December is not the 
 anniversary of Christ’s Nativity, and that the keeping 
 of that day, and the general mode of its observance, 
 are highly dishonorable to the name of the Redeemer.” 
 From Essex Bridge may be had several fine views, 
 especially that looking up Parliament-street, to the south, 
 which is terminatedby the principal frontof the City Hall. 
 
 Assuming that the Tourist is now commencing his 
 second day’s exploration of our city, we first direct his 
 attention, to 
 
 THE BANK OF IRELAND, 
 
 (Formerly the Parliament House.) 
 
 Erected on the site of Chichester House. The first 
 
 c 2 
 
42 
 
 HANDBOOK Of DUBLIN. 
 
 stone having been laid on the 3rd February, 1728, and 
 completed in 1739, and with the subsequent additions 
 and improvements cost altogether, a sum exceeding 
 £ 100 , 000 . 
 
 Though it is not our object in this -work to go into 
 lengthened historical or descriptive details of the many 
 edifices for the beauty of which our city is justly 
 celebrated, yet we are obliged in the present, as in a 
 few other instances, to extend our observations beyond 
 the limits originally intended, conceiving that we would 
 be doing an injustice to our readers, as well as to 
 the character of these noble edifices, did we not give 
 something more than a passing notice of each. 
 
 The following extract is from a most valuable work 
 published in 1793, by an English artist of known reputa- 
 tion. “The Parliament House of Ireland is, notwithstand- 
 ing the several fine pieces of architecture since raised, 
 the noblest structure Dublin has to boast; and it is no 
 hyperbole to advance, that this edifice, in the entire, is 
 the grandest, most convenient, and most extensive of 
 the kind in Europe. — The Portico is without any of the 
 usual architectural decorations, having neither statue, 
 vase, bas-relief tablet, sculptured keystone, or sunk 
 panel to enrich it ; it derives all its beauty from a single 
 impulse of art ; and is one of the few instances of form 
 only, expressing true symmetry. — It has been with 
 many the subject of consideration, whether it would 
 not have been rendered still more pleasing, had the 
 dado of the pedestal above the entablature been perfor- 
 ated, and balusters placed in the openings, but those of 
 best taste have been decidedly of opinion it is best as 
 the architect has put it out of his hands. — This noble 
 structure is situated in College-green, and is placed 
 nearly at right angles with the west front of the College. 
 The contiguity of two such structures, give a grandeur 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 43 
 
 of scene that would do honour to the first city in 
 Europe. 
 
 “ The inside of this admirable building corresponds in 
 every respect with the majesty of its external appearance. 
 The middle door, under the portico, leads directly into 
 the Commons House, passing through a great hall, called 
 the Court of Requests, where people assemble during 
 the sittings of Parliament, sometimes large deputations 
 of them with, and attending petitions before the house. 
 The Commons room is truly deserving of admiration. 
 Its form is circular, fifty -five feet in, diameter, inscribed 
 in a square. The seats whereon the members sit are 
 disposed around the centre of the room in concentric 
 circles, one rising above another. About fifteen feet 
 above the level of the floor, on a cylindrical base- 
 ment, are disposed sixteen Corinthian columns sup- 
 porting a rich hemispherical dome, which crowns 
 the whole. A narrow gallery for the public, about 
 five feet broad, with very convenient seats, is fitted 
 up, with a balustrade in front below the pillars. 
 The appearance of the house assembled below, from 
 the gallery, corresponds with its importance, and pre- 
 sents a dignity, that must be seen to be felt; the 
 strength of the orators eloquence receives additional 
 force from the construction of the place, and the vibra- 
 tion in the dome. All around the Commons Room is a 
 beautiful corridor, which communicates by three doors 
 into the house, and to all the apartments attendant 
 thereon, which are conveniently disposed about, for 
 committee rooms, clerks, coffee rooms, &c. 
 
 “ The House of Lords is situated to the right of the 
 Commons, and is also a noble apartment ; the body is 
 forty feet long, by thirty feet wide, in addition to which, 
 at the upper end, is a circular recess thirteen feet deep, 
 like a large niche, wherein the throne is placed, under 
 a rich canopy of crimson velvet ; and at the lower end 
 is the bar, twenty feet square. The room is ornamented 
 
44 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 at each end with Corinthian columns, with niches 
 between ; the entablature of the order goes round the 
 room, which is covered with a rich trunk ceiling. On 
 the two long sides of the room, are two large pieces of 
 tapestry, now rather decayed ; one represents the famous 
 battle of the Boyne, and the other that of the seige of 
 Derry. Here again, the House assembled from below 
 the bar, a high scene of picturesque grandeur is pre- 
 sented, and the viceroy on the throne, appears with 
 more splendour than his majesty himself on the throne 
 of England.” 
 
 In 1785, the eastern front with some extra rooms 
 were added at an expense of £25,000, under the super- 
 intendence of Mr. James Gandon, which adds greatly 
 to the exterior beauty of the whole building. A noble 
 portico of six Corinthian columns three feet six inches 
 in diameter, surmounted by a handsome pediment, now 
 forms the east front ; the entablature of the old portico 
 is continued round the new, and both are connected by 
 a screen wall of the same height as the entire building, 
 enriched with dressed niches and a rusticated base- 
 ment. 
 
 The western portion of this structure was further 
 improved by the addition of a portico of four Ionic 
 columns surmounted by a pediment attached to the old 
 portico by a colonade of the same order and extent as 
 the columns of the portico, twelve feet from the wall. 
 The colonade gives an appearance of great grandeur to 
 the building, but deprives it of its distinguishing fea- 
 tures, which the plain screen wall to the east gives to 
 the porticoes. This addition was erected by Mr. Robert 
 Parke, Architect, in 1792, at a cost of £25,396. 
 
 Since the purchase of this edifice by the Bank of 
 Ireland, which was effected after the passing of the act 
 of union in 1800, for the sum of £40,000, and an annual 
 rent of £240 a year, many alterations in the interior 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 45 
 
 have taken place, and the exterior has been also much 
 beautified. On the tympanum in front are the Royal Arms, 
 and on its apex, a figure of Hibernia, with Commerce 
 on the left, and Fidelity on the right. The pediment 
 over the east front is also ornamented with statutes of 
 Fortitude, Justice and Liberty. — The House of Lords re- 
 mains unaltered and in it are to be seen the two pieces of 
 tapestry already described, together with a statue of his 
 late Majesty King George III., executed at an expense 
 of £2,000 : these with a most perfect model of the Bank, 
 together with the printing office, form the most inte- 
 resting objects in the interior of the building, for the 
 inspection of the latter only, an order from the Secre- 
 tary, or one of the directors is necessary. 
 
 Opposite the west front in Foster-place is situated 
 
 THE ROYAL BANK, 
 
 Founded in 1836, on the joint-stock principle, and from 
 its superior arrangements, and the courtesyand judgment 
 of its directors and managers, is now, one of the most 
 flourishing establishments in the British Dominions. — 
 For the encreased business of this bank, the premises at 
 its rere in Anglesea-street, with those adjoining in 
 Foster-place, were added in 1 860, and its interior greatly 
 beautified : it now presents one of the richest and most 
 ornamental apartments in the city, and will be found 
 well worthy of a visit. 
 
 Opposite Foster-place, at the termination of Church- 
 lane, are the ruins of Andrew’s Church, a very old 
 establishment, called from its shape, the Round Church. 
 This building was destroyed by fire in 1860, and 
 is intended to be rebuilt after the continental style 
 of architecture, a circumstance which has given great 
 offence to some of the parishioners. 
 
 Opposite to Foster-place also, in College-green, is the 
 
46 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 EQUESTRIAN STATUE OF KING WILLIAM III. 
 
 Erected in bronze lead by the citizens of Dublin in 1 701 , 
 grateful commemoration of their deliverance from 
 tyranny and slavery by the victory of that monarch over 
 James the II. at the battle of the Boyne. — It was the 
 custom for over a century to paint this statue with the 
 most glaring colours, and to decorate it with orange 
 ribbons, by reason of which the bitterest feelings existed 
 between the lower classes of Roman Catholics, and an 
 equally ignorant class of Protestants, who, on certain 
 days, walked in procession round the pedestal, but these 
 absurd practices have happily vanished before the light 
 of knowledge and civilization, and the statue of the 
 worthy monarch, now rests as safely and unmolested in 
 College-green, as that of one of Irelands latest poets, 
 
 THOMAS MOORE, ESQ. 
 
 which stands on a square pedestal in College-street, 
 opposite the east front of the Bank of Ireland, and 
 the north of Trinity College. Looking eastward along 
 College-green an excellent view is obtained of the 
 principal front of 
 
 TRINITY COLLEGE. 
 
 Erected in 1591, on the site of a dissolved monastic 
 establishment, called All Hallows,” situated on 
 Hoggin Green, now called College Green. It was 
 founded to “ endure for ever,” by Queen Elizabeth, 
 “ for the instruction of youth in the arts and sciences.” 
 
 The west front of the College which faces Dame- 
 street presents a grand range of building, and was, 
 with a great part of the west court, erected in the 
 year 1759 by grants from Parliament, amounting to 
 £40,000. Through this front is the public entrance 
 to the College, and the principal buildings in the 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 47 
 
 quadrangle, with the beautiful museums lately erected 
 at an expense of £28,000, in which all the Irish marbles 
 are brought into use, are best described by the' annexed 
 engravings. In the Museum of Oxford, also erected 
 by Sir Thomas Deane, Son, and Woodward, at an ex- 
 pense of £60,000, thirteen different kinds of Irish 
 marbles have been used, thereby illustrating the prac- 
 tical uses of these marbles. 
 
 The Library, which was erected in 1732, forms the 
 south side of the square, and covers a space of 259 
 feet in length by 50 broad. It is built of portland stone, 
 and supported on arches forming piazzas to the north 
 and south, and altogether presents a very grand ap- 
 pearance ; it has lately been re-roofed and altered, so 
 as to give accommodation to double the number of 
 books. These alterations have been carried out under 
 the superintendence, and from the designs, of Sir 
 Thomas Deane, Son, and Woodward, at an expense of 
 about £10,000 ; and the building, which is ceiled with 
 oak, now forms one of the finest libraries in Europe. The 
 buildings running parallel, and at right angles to the 
 east end of the Library, are those originally built in the 
 reign of Queen Elizabeth. They are composed of 
 brick work, subsequently plastered, and raised two stories 
 high, with a third in the roof. 
 
 To the east and south of the College is the Park, 
 which occupies an area of about 9 acres, greatly orna- 
 mented by some fine grown trees, and enclosed on the 
 south side, by a very high and ornamental railing, 
 separating it from Nassau-street, Leinster-street, &c. 
 In the eastern extremity of the Park is the Anatomy 
 House, which contains some very wonderful skeletons, 
 amongst which may be seen that of M‘Grath, an Irish 
 giant, who died at the age of twenty, when lie attained 
 the incredible height of nine feet. 
 
 The Museum which is over the vestibule, within the 
 grateway fronting Dame-street, and to which respect- 
 
 c 3 
 
48 
 
 HANDBOOK OP DUBLIN. 
 
 able persons are permitted on presenting their cards, is 
 a beautiful room 60 feet long by 40 feet wide, in it 
 are many valuable curiosities, including a copy of the 
 Khoran and an ancient Irish Harp, for some time sup- 
 posed to have belonged to Brian Boru, Monarch of 
 Ireland, who was slain at the memorable Battle of 
 Clontarf, after his defeat of the Danes in 1014. 
 
 It is asserted by ancient writers, that there were 
 schools of literature in Ireland, so early as the times of 
 Paganism, and that they w r ere established there by a 
 colony of Grecians, which came from the seige of 
 Troy, and many words of Greek extraction still remain- 
 ing in the Irish language, seem to countenance this 
 opinion, but though this may appear doubtful, it is not 
 improbable that the Druids, who were the priests or 
 clergy of Ireland, at that time, had seminaries for the 
 instruction of youth in their religious mysteries. What 
 credit may be due to these authorities it is hard to 
 determine, however, they universally agree that Ollamh 
 Fodhla King of Ireland, was so great a patron of 
 learning, that in the year of the world, 3236, he erected, 
 at his own charge, a magnificent Hall at Tarah, called 
 Muir-Ollomham, or “ The Walls of the Bards,” as a 
 place of learning for the literati of his kingdom. 
 
 Whatever may have been the state of the Irish 
 seminaries at this period, they flourished in the ages 
 when Paganism and Christianity became amalgamated, 
 particularly in the seventh and eighth centuries. 
 
 In 1311 John Leech, Archbishop of Dublin, pro- 
 cured a bull from Pope Clement V., to establish a 
 University at Dublin, but on his death the project was 
 abandoned. It was again attempted in 1320, by 
 Alexander de Bickner, who having obtained from 
 Pope John XXII. a confirmation of the former bull, 
 appointed a set of statutes to be observed by the 
 University, which was erected in Patricks Church, but 
 for want of funds it was again abandoned. 
 
•TY COLLEGE Q' jaI 
 

HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 49 
 
 Another attempt was made in a Parliament at 
 Dublin, in 1568, but this also failed. In 1585 Sir 
 John Perrott, the Lord Deputy, observing learning to 
 be at a low ebb for want of seminaries of good literature, 
 endeavoured to establish two universities in Dublin, 
 and to lay their foundation in the dissolution of Patrick’s 
 Cathedral. The reasons he urged for carrying out 
 this work, amongst others are — “ that there being two 
 Cathedrals in Dublin, this dedicated to Patrick, and 
 the other to the name of Christ, that Patrick’s was 
 held in more superstitious reputation than the other, 
 and therefore ought to dissolved.” This project was 
 defeated by Archbishop Loftus, who was also Lord 
 Chancellor at the time, and whose motives in oppo- 
 sing the Lord Deputies scheme was attributed to 
 private views — “ as being interested in the livings of 
 Patrick’s, by leases, and other estates thereof, granted 
 either to himself, his kinsmen, or children.” Loftus, 
 however, soon despatched Henry Usher, afterwards 
 Archbishop of Armagh, to petition Queen Elizabeth for 
 her Royal Charter, and for a mortmain license for the 
 land, on which stood the Monastery called 66 All 
 Hallows,” granted by King Henry the VIII. to the 
 citizens of Dublin, and the Queen readily granted 
 the petition, by warrant, dated 29th December, 1591, 
 when the work was commenced with great vigour, and 
 opened for the admission of students on the 1st January, 
 1593. Opposite the Bank of Ireland, on the south side 
 of College Green, is The National Bank, a very 
 handsome building of cut granite, erected in 1842 on 
 the site of the Royal Arcade, destroyed by fire on the 
 25th April, 1837. On the north side of College Green, 
 nearly opposite Trinity-street, is The Chamber of Com- 
 merce, founded on the 15th November, 1820, for the 
 protection and promotion of the manufacturing and 
 commercial interests of the city, and kingdom in general. 
 
50 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 At its annual meetings, its officers, which consist of a 
 president, four vice presidents, two secretaries, and 
 council of twenty-one, are elected. These representa- 
 tives hold intercourse, whenever it may he required, 
 with the officers of the Crown, in the name and behalf 
 of the whole body. Continuing eastward the visitor 
 quickly arrives at 
 
 THE CITY HALL, 
 
 (Formerly known as the Royal Exchange,) 
 
 Erected in 1779, at an expense of £40,000, from the 
 designs of Mr. Thomas Cooley. This beautiful edifice 
 is situated at the north east angle of the Castle, where 
 stood Dame-gate about three centuries ago, and adds 
 considerably to the grandeur of the approach to the 
 Viceregal residence ; and from the combined advantages 
 of its situation, beautiful form, and fine display of 
 architectural elegance, may be looked upon as one of 
 the principal ornaments of the city. 
 
 The form of the building is that of a square of some- 
 thing more than 1 00 feet, with a handsome dome in the 
 centre fifty-five feet in diameter. It presents three 
 fronts to view, each of which are richly decorated in 
 the Corinthian style. The two principal, the north and 
 west, have each a fine portico of pillars thirty-seven feet 
 high; the third front is in the narrow passage called 
 Exchange-court. The whole of this building within as 
 well as without is built of Portland stone. 
 
 Of the interior the following description is given in 
 a work published by a celebrated English artist in 1792. 
 
 “ On entering the edifice, the attention is immediately 
 called to many conspicuous beauties; but above all, to 
 the general form. Twelve fluted pillars of the compo- 
 site order, thirty-two feet high, are circularly disposed in 
 the centre of a square area, covered by a highly arched 
 entablature, above which is a beautiful cylindrical lan- 
 tern, about ten feet high, perforated by twelve circular 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 51 
 
 windows, ornamented with festoons of laurel leaves ; the 
 whole crowned with a handsome spherical dome, divided 
 into hexagonal compartments, enriched and well propor- 
 tioned ; and lighted from the centre by a large circular 
 sky-light. On each side the twelve columns, which sup- 
 port the dome, are impost pilasters of the Ionic order ; 
 the same as those which appear on the outside of the 
 building; covered with a fluted frieze and enriched 
 cornice. The side walls of the square are covered with 
 a flat ceiling, the height of the impost pilasters ; with 
 enriched soffits from the pilasters in the centre to others 
 opposite them against the wall. At each end, within, of 
 the north front, is a handsome oval stone staircase, 
 lighted by oval lanterns, in highly enriched oval ceilings ; 
 by which is access to the coffee and other rooms, 
 disposed around the cylinder of the Dome, over the 
 ambulatory below. To the north front is the Coffee- 
 room, which is an excellent apartment, extending from 
 one stair-case to the other, lighted by three windows, 
 between the pillars of the portico, and by two oval 
 lanterns in a coved ceiling, richly ornamented in stucco 
 on colored grounds. 
 
 “ Opposite the north entrance, between two of the pil- 
 lars, which support the dome, is an excellent statue of 
 his late majesty, George III. in a Roman military 
 habit, placed on a white marble pedestal, cast in bronze 
 by J. VanNost; it was presented to the merchants of 
 Dublin by the Earl of Northumberland, when Lord 
 Lieutenant of Ireland, to be placed in the Exchange ; 
 and cost 700 guineas. In a niche in the wall of the 
 west stair-case is a fine marble statue of the late Dr. 
 Charles Lucas, holding Magna-charta in his hand, stand- 
 ing on a pedestal, whereon is represented Liberty in bas- 
 relief: it is esteemed an excellent piece of art, executed 
 by Mr. Edward Smith, a native of Ireland; the expense 
 was defrayed by a number of gentlemen, friends of the 
 deceased patriot. — Under the Exchange did the memor- 
 
52 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 able volunteers of Ireland most commonly muster for 
 reviews, or campaigns, whose noble exertions will be 
 remembered to their honor, while the country experi- 
 ences the advantages arising from a free trade, and 
 abrogation of such acts as were otherwise inimical to 
 the rights of a free people ; from the clang of arms, the 
 vibrating dome caught the generous flame, and re-echoed 
 the enlivening sound of liberty.” 
 
 In addition to the statues already mentioned three 
 others have since been added — one of Henry Grattan 
 by Chantry, one of Thomas Drummond, late Chief 
 Secretary for Ireland, by Hogan, and another by the 
 same artist of the patriot Daniel O’Connell, whose first 
 public speech was delivered in the Royal Exchange, on 
 the 13th January 1800, at a meeting of Roman Catholics 
 convened to protest against the union of Ireland with 
 Great Brittain. 
 
 Immediately adjoining the site of the City Hall, once 
 stood a religious establishment named the “ Church of 
 the Lady of the Dames,” or “ Mary Le Dame,” which 
 near the end of the sixteenth century passed into the 
 hands of Richard Boyle, first Earl of Cork, who erected 
 thereon a mansion subsequently known as Cork House, 
 from which the adjacent locality has acquired the name 
 of Cork Hill. Of the extent of this adventurer’s kit, 
 the following description by himself will be found 
 rather amusing : — 
 
 “ It pleased the Almighty by His divine providence, 
 to take me I may say, just as it were by the hand, and 
 lead me into Ireland, where I happily arrived at Dublin 
 in Midsummer eve, the 23rd June, 1588. All my wealth 
 being then £27 3s. in money, and two tokens, which 
 my mother had formerly given me, viz., a diamond 
 ring which I have ever since, and still do wear, and a 
 bracelet of gold, worth about £10; a taffety doublet, 
 cut with and upon taffety ; a pair of black velvet 
 
m 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN, 53 
 
 breeches leased ; a new Milan fustian suit leased, and 
 cut upon taffety; two cloaks; competent linen and 
 necessaries ; with my rapier and dagger.’’ 
 
 Boyle after a few years began to acquire property 
 with a rapidity which, even in these times of forfeiture 
 and embezzlement, excited the suspicions and jealousy 
 of the officials of the Irish Government, from whose 
 charges he contrived to acquit himself ; — yet “it cannot 
 be doubted that the greater part of his vast estate de- 
 served the title of a hastily gotten and suspiciously 
 kept fortune.” “ I am very confident” writes Sir 
 Christopher Wandesford, “ that since the suppression 
 of Abbeys, no one man in either kingdoms hath so 
 violently, so frequently, laid profane hands, hands of 
 power, upon the Church and her possessions, (even 
 almost to demolition where he hath come,) as this bold 
 Earl of Cork.” “ He is” says another writer, “suspected 
 of having compassed the death of Atherton, Bishop of 
 Waterford, the lands belonging to which see, are still 
 held by the Earl’s representatives ; and, had not Strafford 
 been hurried to the block, there can be little doubt that 
 he would have essayed to wrest from Boyle the church 
 property which he had embezzled.” Opposite the west 
 front of the City Hall, on elevated ground, stands 
 
 THE HIBERNIAN BANK, 
 
 Formerly the Banking Establishment of Gleadue and 
 Company, founded nearly a century previous to the 
 formation of the Hibernian Joint Stock Company in 
 1825. This building presents two pleasing fronts, the 
 eastern one being ornamented by a portico supported 
 by pillars ; opposite to the south front in Castle-street, 
 on the site of a portion of the old City Wall, stands 
 
 MESSRS. LA TOUCHE’S BANK, 
 
 The oldest in Ireland. The original Firm of La 
 
54 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 Touclie and Kane was formed about the beginning of 
 the last century, and the present edifice, to which the 
 Bank was removed in 1735, was erected by David La 
 Touche, Esq., jun. The first of this family who came 
 over to Ireland, was an officer in Calimotte’s regiment 
 of French refugees, in the service of William III., 
 who, after the revolution, entered into trade, and 
 became a banker. On the foundation of the Bank of 
 Ireland, in 1783, David La Touche, jun., was selected 
 its first governor, and of the five of this family who sat 
 in Parliament at the period of the union, only one voted 
 in favor of the measure. 
 
 During the panic of 1778, Messrs. La Touche, on the 
 application of the Marquis of Buckingham, then Lord 
 Lieutenant, advanced a loan of twenty, (some of the 
 present family say fifty) thousand pounds, which, “ not 
 only upheld the shattered credit of the government, but 
 prevented the dissolution of the state.” On this sum, 
 which afforded only temporary relief, being exhausted, 
 the Irish Government solicited a second loan, but Messrs. 
 La Touche declined making any further advances on 
 such security, owing to which a proposed encampment 
 of troops had to be abandoned for want of funds. 
 
 Between the City Hall and Messrs. La Touche’s Bank, 
 is the grand entrance to 
 
 THE CASTLE, 
 
 Erected as a citadel and “ depository for the King’s 
 treasure” about the year 1220, by order of King John, 
 who about the same period divided such part of the 
 kingdom as was in his possession, into counties, erected 
 courts of judicature in Dublin, and appointed judges, 
 circuits, and corporations as in England. Previous to 
 the middle of the sixteenth century, the chief governor 
 alternately held his court at the Bishop’s Palace, Thomas 
 Court, and more frequently at the castle of Kilmainham, 
 
HANDBOOK O F DUBLIN. 
 
 55 
 
 but on the latter place having been much damaged bv 
 a tempest, Queen Elizabeth, in the year 1560, ordered 
 the castle of Dublin to be fitted up as a place for her 
 Lieutenants or Deputies to live in, which was accord- 
 ingly commenced, and completed by Sir Henry Sidney, 
 in 1567, from which time it has continued to be used 
 as the town residence of the Viceroy. 
 
 The Castle is divided into two courts known as the 
 upper and lower Castle yards, the former of which is 
 the principal, and contains the state and private apart- 
 ments of the Lord Lieutenant. This Court forms a 
 quadrangle, 280 feet long, by 130 feet broad; a good 
 idea of the architecture and effect of the whole is con- 
 veyed by the annexed engraving. The gateway on the 
 rioht, which now occupies the site of the ancient draw- 
 bridge, is the principal entrance from the street, over 
 it is a colossel statue of justice, on the corresponding 
 one is a statue of Fortitude. The colonnade on the 
 opposite side, is the entrance to the Viceregal residence, 
 which occupies the whole length of the south side. In 
 the presence chamber over the colonnade, are the 
 Throne and Canopy, which are covered with crimson 
 velvet, richly ornamented with gold lace and carved 
 work, gilt, and from a richly ornamented stucco ceiling 
 hangs a grand lustre of native manufacture, purchased 
 by the Duke of Rutland at an expense of £227. 
 
 The object which commands particular attention is 
 the Ball room, commonly called Patrick’s Hall, this is a 
 stately apartment, 82 feet long, 41 feet broad, and 
 38 feet high. The ceiling of this is divided into three 
 compartments, a circle in the centre, with an oblong 
 rectangle at each end. In the circle is represented His 
 Majesty King George III., supported by liberty and 
 justice, and in one of the rectangles, Patrick preaching 
 to the native Irish, with Henry II. seated under a canopy, 
 
56 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 receiving the submission of the Irish chieftains, in 1172 ; 
 the whole are designed with a greatness of composition, 
 correctness of drawing, and brilliancy of colouring. To 
 the rere of the Viceroy’s apartments is a neat lawn, 
 called the castle garden, which communicates with the 
 building by a flight of steps from the terrace before the 
 garden front. 
 
 The lower Castle yard is entered from the upper by 
 an arched carriageway. In this court are the quarters 
 of the Aides-de-camps, and the offices of the Police 
 Commissioners, — on the right is the Cha'pel Royal , 
 opened on the 25th December, 1814; it was erected at 
 an expense of £42,000, by Francis Johnson, Esq., 
 Architect, and a description of its external appearance 
 will be unnecessary, as the annexed engraving will con- 
 vey a better idea of its beauty. 
 
 The interior of the chapel is executed in a style of 
 grandeur consistent with the State. The ceiling is 
 composed of groined arches, springing from grotesque 
 heads, modelled in stucco, and the stained glass window 
 in the east end, over the communion table, is not sur- 
 passed by those in many of the most gorgeous religious 
 establishments on the continent. The panels of the 
 gallery and pews are of carved Irish oak. On the 
 gallery to the right is the throne of the Lord Lieute- 
 nant, and opposite to it, is that of the Bishop of Dublin 
 In the centre panel on front of the Organ Gallery, are 
 the Royal arms, richly carved; on either side are those 
 of the Dukes of Bedford and Richmond, and from these 
 are alternately placed the arms of the Viceroys of Ire- 
 land from the earliest period. Between the chapel and 
 the Vice-Regal residence, there is a passage through the 
 Wardrobe Tower, — so called from its having been the 
 repository for the Royal Robes, the Cap of Maintenance, 
 and other furniture of state. Near the west end of this 
 
JW% 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 57 
 
 court are the Ordnance Office and Arsenal, containing 
 arms for 60,000 men. Passing out of the Castle yard 
 through the western gate, near the place last described 
 and turning immediately to the right, the passage com- 
 monly known as the Castle steps is ascended, and pro- 
 ceeding by a narrow passage called Hoey Vcourt to the 
 left, the visitor will feel interested in hearing that the 
 angle on the south side of this now dilapidated, but once 
 respectable courtway is the site of the 
 
 BIRTH-PLACE OF DEAN SWIFT, 
 
 Whose eccentricities and misapplied talents are too 
 extensively known to require description. — Continuing 
 through this (Hoey’s-court) into Werburgh-street, and 
 turning to the north the building on the right is 
 
 WERBURGH’S CHURCH, 
 
 Erected on the site of a former building which existed 
 from a very early period, but of which the first notice 
 occurs in the annals of Dublin in 1301, when it was, 
 with a great part of the city, accidentally burned. It 
 was again burned in the year 1754, and repaired in the 
 year 1759, and a steeple, since taken down, added to it 
 in 1768. 
 
 The principal object deserving remark at present 
 connected with this building, is a very ornamental 
 stained glass window of superior execution, representing 
 some imaginary figures. 
 
 Immediately across Christ Church-place and in con- 
 tinuation of Werburgh-street is 
 
 FISHAMBLE STREET. 
 
 In this street, during the last century, were the resi- 
 dences of many families of distinction, amongst which, 
 
58 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 was that of James Grattan, King’s Counsel, father of the 
 famous Henry Grattan , who was born here, and bap- 
 tized in John’s Church, in 1746. Here also in the reign 
 of Charles I. was the London Tavern, wherein was the 
 office of Joseph Darner, a noted usurer, described by a 
 contemporary as follows : — 
 
 “He walked the streets and wore a threadbare cloak, 
 He dined and supped at charge of other folk, 
 
 And by his looks, had he held out his palms, 
 
 He might be thought an object fit for alms. 
 
 So, to the poor if he refused his pelf, 
 
 He used them full as kindly as himself. 
 
 Where’er he went he never saw his betters ; 
 
 Lords, knights, and squires, were all his humble 
 debtors. 
 
 And under hand and seal, the Irish nation 
 Were forced to owe to him their obligation. 
 
 Oh ! London Tavern, thou hast lost a friend, 
 
 Tho’ in thy walls he never did farthing spend. 
 
 He touched the pence, when others touched the pot, 
 The hand that signed the mortgage paid the shot.” 
 
 Of the history of this remarkable individual little has 
 been known, though the “ riches of Darner” has long 
 been proverbial in Ireland. — Having entered into the 
 service of Cromwell, who appointed him to the command 
 of a troop of horse, he came over to this country, and 
 subsequently carried on the more profitable trade of a 
 money-lender. On Cromwell’s death he retired from 
 his former profession, but deeming it unsafe to reside in 
 England owing to his former connection with Cromwell, 
 he sold some of his property in Somersetshire and Dor- 
 setshire, and availing himself of the cheapness of land 
 in Ireland, he purchased large estates in Kilkenny, 
 Tipperary, and Queen’s County. 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 59 
 
 Having never married he bequeathed his property in 
 Ireland to John Damer, eldest son of his brother George, 
 who also died unmarried — -agreeably to the will of his 
 relative, which desired that he should reside on the lands 
 left him in Ireland, John Damer erected a magnificent 
 court, which he, however, never completed, within two 
 miles of the town of Tipperary.- — He also colonized his 
 estates there, with a number of Scotch Protestants, 
 whom he never raised above the grade of labourers or 
 servants ; but some of wdrose descendants, notwithstand- 
 ing, have, by their industry and tliriftiness, raised them- 
 selves to a position of respectability, and are now 
 possessed of considerable wealth in that neighbourhood. 
 
 John Damer was like his relative, very parsimonious, 
 but of simple and retired habits, approaching very 
 nearly to monkishness. He lived and died on his Tip- 
 perary estate and was buried in the most obscure corner 
 of the cemetery attached to an adjoining church, called 
 Shronehitt , on his own estate, without any monument 
 or other sepulchral indication of his resting place, beyond 
 the usual mound raised from the surplus clay, which 
 is to be seen until the present day. 
 
 After the death of John Damer, his estates passed 
 into the Portarlington family, a portion of which are 
 at present in possession of the representative of that 
 family. 
 
 In 1741 the Music Hall, an elegant building, designed 
 by Cassels, architect of Leinster House, was erected by 
 subscriptions ; and in it, on the 23rd of November in the 
 same year, Handel, with great success, commenced a 
 series of musical entertainments, which were attended 
 by the fashion of the city. 
 
 Returning into Christ’s Church-place, the visitor will 
 immediately arrive at 
 
60 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN, 
 
 CHRIST’S CHURCH CATHEDRAL, 
 
 In the year 1038, Sitricus son of Amlave king of the 
 Ostmen of Dublin, and Donat Bishop of Dublin, erected 
 this cathedral, and after the building was finished, Donat 
 erected an episcopal palace near it ; and built Michael’s 
 Chapel, which Richard Talbot some ages afterwards 
 converted into a parochial church. The building was 
 subsequently enlarged by Lawrence Archbishop of Dub- 
 lin, Richard, surnamed Strongbowq Robert Fitzstephens, 
 and Raymond Le Gros, who also built the choir, steeple, 
 and two chapels, the one called Edmund and Mary’s, and 
 the other, Laud’s. During the ages which elapsed between 
 the erection of this building and the reformation, various 
 ecclesiastical changes took place, but these being unin- 
 interesting in the present enlightened age, we omit their 
 insertion here. 
 
 “ Prior to the Anglo Norman descent,” Mr. Gilbert in 
 his history of Dublin, informs us that “ the cathedral had 
 acquired importance from having in its possession various 
 miraculous relics, together with a wonderful cross, of 
 which Cambrensis, a writer of the twelfth century, has 
 left the following notice : 
 
 “ 4 In the Church of the Holy Trinity at Dublin, there 
 is a certain cross of great virtue, exhibiting a representa- 
 tion of the countenance of the crucified Saviour, which, 
 in the hearing of several people, opened its mouth and 
 spoke, not many years before the coming of the English ; 
 that is in the time of the Ostmen. — For it happened that 
 one of the citizens, invoked it as the sole witness to a 
 certain contract, but afterwards failing to fulfil his 
 engagement, and constantly refusing to pay the money 
 stipulated to him who had trusted his good faith, he one 
 day invoked and adjured the cross in the church to 
 declare the truth in the presence of many citizens then 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN, 
 
 61 
 
 standing by, who considered that his appeal was more 
 in jest than in earnest; but when it was thus called 
 upon, the cross bore testimony to the truth.’ 
 
 “ 4 When the Earl Richard first came with his army to 
 Dublin, the citizens fearing much disaster and misfor- 
 tune, and mistrusting their own strength, prepared to fly 
 by sea, and desired to carry the cross with them to the 
 islands ; but notwithstanding all their most persevering 
 efforts neither by force nor ingenuity could the entire 
 people of the city stir it from its place ; these and many 
 other prodigies and miracles were performed at the first 
 coming of the English, by this most venerable cross.’ 
 “Archbishop John Comyn who succeeded Lorcan 
 O’Tuathal in 1181 having been maltreated by the Judi- 
 ciary Hamo de Valois, went to seek redress from the 
 king, after excommunicating his persecutors, and placing 
 the diocese of Dublin under interdict, ordering the crosses 
 and images in the cathedral to be laid on the ground, 
 and surrounded by thorns, in order to terrify the evil- 
 doers, who however persevered in their course despite 
 the occurrence of the miracle, noticed as follows by 
 Roger de Hovenden : — 4 In the Cathedral Church of 
 Dublin there was a certain cross, bearing engraved 
 upon it a life-like image of Christ, which the Irish 
 and all others held in the greatest veneration; this 
 crucifix, which with the other crosses, was laid upon 
 the ground and surrounded by thorns, appeared on 
 the sixth day to writhe in agony, its face glowing 
 and perspiring as though it had been placed in a fiery 
 furnace, and tears fell from its eyes as if it were weep- 
 ing; and on the sixth h6ur of the same day, there 
 flowed from its right side and its right breast, blood and 
 water, which was carefully preserved by the ministers 
 of the church, who sent an embassy after the archbishop 
 to acquaint him with the occurrences, which were con- 
 
62 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 firmed by the testimony of many venerable men, that 
 they might be laid before the pope.’ 
 
 44 In 1177 Earl Strongbow died of a mortification in 
 his foot and was buried with great solemnity in Christ 
 Church in sight of the cross. The same year Vivian 
 the pope’s legate held a synod in Dublin and therein 
 published King Henry’s title to Ireland, and the pope’s 
 ratification of it, denouncing excommunication against 
 all who should withdraw their aliegience from him.” — 
 In the following year “ William Fitz-Aldelm Chief 
 Governor of Ireland removed a relic called Jesus staff 
 from Armagh to Dublin, and deposited it in Christ 
 Church there.” This article 44 was believed to have been 
 presented to Patrick by a hermit residing in an island 
 in the Tuscan Sea, and who was also reported to have 
 received it from Jesus Christ. — It was said to have been 
 covered with gold inlaid with precious stones of great 
 value by Bishop Tassach a disciple of Patrick ; and so 
 highly was it venerated that in Bernard’s time its posses- 
 sor was regarded by the lower orders as the true Bishop 
 of Armagh, and successor of Patrick. — Down to the 
 era of the reformation, witnesses were frequently sworn 
 in Dublin in presence of the Lord Deputy, Chancellor, 
 and other high officers of state, upon the 4 holy Mass* 
 book, and the great relic of Ireland, called Baculum 
 Christi,’ which, however, the late Dr. Lanigan conjec- 
 tured to have been merely the walking stick of Patrick. 
 
 44 The Black Book” of Christ Church, 44 records that in 
 1461, the great eastern window of this cathedral was 
 blown down by a violent tempest, which caused great 
 destruction to the various deeds and relics preserved in 
 the church, breaking the chest which contained the 
 4 Baculum Jesu’ and other relics ; but the staff was found 
 uninjured on the top of the stones, while the other con- 
 tents of the chest were utterly demolished ; which says 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 63 
 
 the writer, ‘ was esteemed a miracle by all who saw 
 it.’ 
 
 “ During the reign of Henry the VIII. Dr. George 
 Brown, Archbishop! of Dublin, in a letter to Thomas 
 Cromwell in 1538 complained that “ the romish relics 
 and images of both cathedrals took off the common peo- 
 ple from the true worship; but the prior and dean find 
 them so sweet to their gain, that they heed not my 
 words ; therefore send in your Lordship’s next to me, 
 an order more full, and a chide to them and their canons, 
 that they might be removed : let the order be, that the 
 chief governor may assist me in it.” — Immediately after 
 this Archbishop Brown removed the various relics, and 
 publicly burned the “ Staff of Jesus,” which according 
 to the annalist, “ was in Dublin performing miracles 
 from the time of Patrick down to that time, and had 
 been in the hands of Christ w r hile he was among men.” 
 In place of the relics and images so removed Dr. Brown 
 substituted the Lord’s Prayer and the Ten Commandments 
 in gilded frames. — “ Notwithstanding the destruction of 
 the “ Staff of Jesus,” another staff of Patrick was pre- 
 served for more than a century later, as in the unpub- 
 lished proceedings of the Roman Catholic clergy of 
 Meath about 1680; there is a prohibition against any 
 person without license of his ordinary going about with 
 the staff called the staff of Patrick, the veil of Brigid, 
 or the gospels of Column Cille.” — Gilbert’s History 
 of Dublin. 
 
 In 1212 John Comyn, Archbishop of Dublin, departed 
 this life, and was buried in Christ Church. To him 
 Henry de Londres succeeded and was made Lord Justice 
 of Ireland in 1213. — Of this Henry de Londres we have 
 the following account in the Black Book of the Arch- 
 bishop of Dublin, folio 473, and Cam. Annals of Ireland, 
 1212. — “ His tenants nicknamed him Schorchbill or 
 
 D 
 
64 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN, 
 
 ‘ Scorche-Villeyri' upon the following occasion. He 
 being peaceably installed in his bishopric, summoned 
 all his tenants and farmers at a certain day appointed 
 to make their personal appearance before him, and to 
 bring with them such evidence and writings as they 
 enjoyed their holds by: the tenants at the day appointed 
 appeared, showed their evidences to their landlord, 
 mistrusting nothing; he had no sooner received them, 
 but before their faces, upon a sudden cast them all 
 into the fire, secretly made for that purpose; this 
 fact amazed some that they became silent, moved 
 others to rage, that they regarded neither place nor 
 person, broke into irreverent speeches ‘ Thou an arch- 
 bishop, nay, thou art a scorche-villeyn ; another drew 
 his weapon and said 4 as good for me to kill as be killed, 
 for when my evidences are burned and my living taken 
 away, I am killed.’ The bishop seeing this tumult and 
 the imminent danger, went out at a back door. His 
 chaplains, registers, and summoners were all beaten, and 
 some of them left for dead. They threatened to fire 
 the house over the bishop’s head. Some means was had 
 to pacify them for the present, with promises that all 
 hereafter should be to their own content. Upon this 
 they departed.” 
 
 In 1 267 great quarrels arose between Foulk de Sand- 
 ford Archbishop of Dublin, and the mayor and citizens, 
 owing to the exactions of the former. — To correct these 
 intolerable abuses the mayor and citizens issued a pro- 
 clamation with a penalty annexed. — “ That citizens 
 should not presume to make their offerings more than 
 four times a year, and restrained the number attending 
 new married people and childbed women to two. — They 
 seized the wax candles carried in procession at funerals 
 which used to be given to the churches, and deposited 
 them in their own halls, leaving only two to the church 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 65 
 
 where the person was buried- They ordered that no 
 prelate or ecclesiastical judge within the city shbuld 
 hold plea of usury, or of any crime or cause, except 
 what were matrimonial, or testamentary, and that they 
 should have no cognizance of intestates’ goods, which 
 they ordered to be paid into the exchequer; and 
 further that no citizen, even in causes ecclesiastical, 
 should be obliged to appear in judgment out of the 
 limits of the city. These encroachments on the 
 ecclesiastical authority were highly resisted by the 
 Bishop, who promulgated the sentence of excommuni- 
 cation against them, and put the city under an interdict, 
 to strengthen which, he had recourse to Cardinal Octo- 
 bon, the Pope’s legate, then at London, who on the 
 18th February sent a commission to the Bishop of Lis- 
 more and Waterford, to denounce the mayor and citizens 
 excommunicated by 4 bell, book, and candle,’ in all 
 places within the city and province of Dublin. — These 
 disputes put the city into a great flame, and in the fol- 
 lowing summer the chief justice and privy counsel 
 interposed in the quarrels, and a composition was 
 effected between the archbishop and citizens, the terms 
 of which relating only to some of the particulars were 
 these : 4 If any citizen committed a public sin, he should 
 for the said offence commute for a sum of money, If he 
 continued in his sin, and that the same were heinous, and 
 public, that then fustigetur , §c. he should be cudgelled 
 about the church. — That for a third offence he should 
 be publicly cudgelled before the processions made to 
 Christ Church, or Patrick’s, and if after this penance 
 he should persist in his sin, that the official of the arch- 
 bishop should give notice of it to the mayor and bailiffs, 
 who should either turn him out of the city, or cudgel 
 him through it. — It was further agreed that a general 
 inquisition should be made once a year through the city 
 after all public sins ; but that no citizen should be drawn 
 
G6 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 out of the jurisdiction oi the city, by any official of the 
 archbishop, but should answer within the city before 
 the ordinary jurisdiction. We thought this passage,” 
 writes Harris, “ worth transcribing from the Black 
 Book of the archbishop of Dublin, and the Crede Milie , 
 to shew the practices and penances of those early times, 
 and how little remedy the citizens had by turning 
 reformers.” 
 
 In 1562 the south wall, roof, and part of the body of 
 the church fell, by which Strongbow’s monument was 
 broken, but the former were rebuilt in the following 
 year, and in 1570 Strongbow’s tomb was repaired by Sir 
 Henry Sidney, Lord Deputy, as may be seen by the 
 following inscription: — 
 
 THIS : AVNCYENT : MONVMENT : OF : RYCHARD : 
 
 STRANGBOWE : CALLED : COMES : STRANGVLENSIS : LORD: 
 OF : CHEPSTO : AND : OGNY : THE : FYRST : AND : PRIN- 
 CYPAL : INYADER : OF : IRLAND 1169 : QVI : OBIIT : 1177 : 
 THE : MONYMENT : \TAS : BROCKEN : BY : THE : FALL : OF 
 
 : the : roff : and : bodye : of : christes : chvrche : 
 IN : ANO : 1562 1 and : SET : VP : agayne : AT : the : 
 CHARGYS : OF : THE : RIGHT : HONORABLE : SR : HENIRI : 
 SYDNEY : KNYGHT : OF : THE : NOBLE : ORDER : L : 
 
 PRESIDENT : OF : WAILES : L : DEPVTY : OF f IRLAND : 
 1570. 
 
 The following extract from a writer of the Sixteenth 
 Century, referring “ to the monument representing a 
 cross legged figure, in chain armour, with another re- 
 cumbent but imperfect statue by its side,” is, with 
 many other valuable extracts, to be found in Mr. 
 Gilbert’s History of Dublin. 
 
 “ The marbles of the two effigies are of different 
 colours; that which is commonly reputed to be the 
 father’s being black, the son’s grey. — The effigies which 
 were put up for the father being broken all to pieces by 
 
HANDBOOK OD DUBLIN. 
 
 67 
 
 the fall of the church, as af^esaid: the lord deputy 
 caused a monument of the Earl Desmond, which was at 
 Drogheda, to be removed and placed instead of that of 
 Strongbow; so that the son’s is the ancienter of the two. 
 The son’s effigie’s being but from the thighs upwards, 
 occasioned a false story, that his father cut him off in 
 the middle with a sword, but it is a mistake, for it was 
 the fall of the church that broke the other parts of the 
 effigies to pieces, and Strongbow did no more than run 
 his son through the belly, as appears by the monument 
 and the chronicle.” The tenants of the See of Dublin 
 were formerly accustomed to pay their rents on Strong- 
 bow’s tomb, and until the present century, bills and 
 promissory notes were also made payable there. 
 
 Opposite Strongbow’s tomb is a beautifully executed 
 figure of a female child, sorrowing for the loss of one 
 of the greatest friends of the fatherless and desolate. 
 This monument was erected by the citizens of Dublin 
 of all religious denominations, to commemorate the 
 memory of their fellow citizen Thomas Abbott, Esq., 
 LL.D., who fell a victim to disease in administering to 
 the wants and miseries of the poor. There are many 
 other monuments in this building, but amongst them 
 there is none, whose memory they commemorate, demand 
 such lasting respect, as that of the above pliilantrophic 
 and noble-minded gentleman, Mr. Abbott. 
 
 West of the cathedral and separated by Michael’s-hill, 
 is Michael’s Church, erected in 1815, on the site of the 
 chapel founded in 1074, by Donat, the first Danish 
 bishop of Dublin. The steeple of this church is the 
 one erected in 1676 Proceeding southward, through 
 Nicholas-street, the Visitor will, in a few minutes, 
 arrive at 
 
 PATRICK’S CATHEDRAL, 
 
 The most ancient ecclesiastical establishment in the city. 
 
 d 2 
 
68 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 Erected in 1190 on the^site of that said to have been 
 founded by Patrick in 448. “ After breaking up the 
 
 synod of Armagh,” he is said to have “ travelled 
 towards Leinster, and came to Dublin; then known by 
 the name of JBally-Ath-Cliath, where, in a fountain of 
 fine water, he baptized the people, and Alpin, the son 
 of Eochaid, king of the place, near which fountain he 
 built a church, called after him, on the foundation of 
 which, this pile of building was erected by John Cumyn, 
 Archbishop of Dublin.” 
 
 The form of this cathedral is a cross, placed, as is 
 usual, on account of some superstition connected with 
 these points, in their application to this class of buildings, 
 east and west, in which direction it is 230 feet long, 
 exclusive of a chapel attached to it, at the east end, with 
 which it is nearly 300 feet long, and 150 broad, from 
 the north to the south area of the cross. It has but one 
 principal aisle, with small side aisles, occupying the 
 whole west part of the cross, and is from the west 
 entrance to the choir door, 130 feet long, 75 feet broad, 
 and 77 high ; down the sides of the great aisle, are eight 
 Gothic arches on octagonal piers, which support a timber 
 roof slated. The aisle contains several good monuments ; 
 one erected to the memory of Dr. Edward Smith, Arch- 
 bishop of Dublin, was erected by Van Nost, at an expense 
 of £1500. A neat monument to Dr. Narcissus Marsh, 
 once Archbishop of this see, serves less to commemorate 
 his worth, than a more useful, if not a more lasting monu- 
 ment of him, in a valuable library, which he bequeathed 
 to the public, with maintenance for a librarian. The 
 library is contiguous to the cathedral, and always open 
 to the studious. There is a plain marble slab in remem- 
 brance of Dean Swift, and another to Mrs. Johnson, his 
 celebrated u Stella,” over the inscription to this extraor- 
 dinary man, has subsequently been placed his bust in 
 
HANDBOOK OP DUBLIN. 
 
 G9 
 
 white marble, by Thomas Todd Faulkner, Esq., nephew 
 of Swift’s publisher. 
 
 In the ancient descriptions of this Cathedral, it is 
 represented as having been a building of great extent 
 and splendour, and was considered to be superior in 
 point of size and grandeur to all the Cathedrals in Ire- 
 land, if not to many in England. The choir was 
 formerly roofed with stone flags of an azure color, and 
 inlaid with stars of gold ; the capitals and mouldings of 
 the columns and arches were painted and gilded, the 
 walls decorated with frescoes, and the flooring inlaid 
 in mosaic, with curious encaustic tiles, which gave to 
 this Cathedral, when in its splendour, a grand and im- 
 posing effect, but, owing to the weight of the roof 
 being too great for the support beneath, it was re- 
 moved, when there were discovered traces of 100 win- 
 dows. The exterior walls were supported by flying 
 buttresses, with demi-arches ; and there were niches in 
 the walls, where statues of persons, bearing the titles 
 of saints, were placed, but no traces of the niches or 
 statues are now to be found. Within the choir are the 
 Archbishop’s throne and prebendal stalls, which are 
 occupied by the “ Most illustrious Order of Saint 
 Patrick” on installation days. Over each stall are 
 suspended the helmet and sword of the Knight ; and 
 above the gallery, all round, are the banners of those 
 who enjoy the honor of Knighthood. The whole 
 appearance of the choir, viewed from the chancel, has 
 a grand effect, from its noble proportions, the beauty 
 of its architecture, the dark carvings of the stalls, sur- 
 mounted by the crested helmets of the Knights, whose 
 banners, draped overheard, disclose the highly orna- 
 mental and magnificent organ standing on the old 
 rood loft. 
 
 The head of the cross is wholly taken up with the 
 choir, which is furnished in the usual style of catlie- 
 
70 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 drals, with richly ornamented stalls ; there is a hand- 
 some communion, on either side of which, against 
 the walls, are curious old monuments ; particularly one 
 on the south, erected in the year 1629, of the family of 
 Richard Boyle, Earl of Cork, in which the superstition 
 of the times is strongly characterized, but which the 
 officers and soldiers of Cromwell despoiled, by cutting 
 off the noses of some of the figures, and tearing away 
 prayer books that were in their hands. Opposite this 
 last monument is a bla'ck slab inserted in the wall, 
 which commemorates the memory of the brave Duke 
 Schomberg, who fell at the battle of the Boyne, in 
 1690. There are many other monuments in this Cathe- 
 dral, but our space does not admit of naming them all. 
 
 In 1512 there were great factions between the Earls 
 of Kildare and Ormond, and on their meeting in this 
 Cathedral, when the citizens guarded the Earl of 
 Kildare: “a great quarrel happening between them 
 and a part of Ormond’s army, they discharged a volley 
 of arrows at them, and shooting at random, some of 
 the arrows stuck in the images on the rood loft. The 
 matter being appeased, a complaint was afterwards 
 made to the Pope of this profanation, and a legate sent 
 to make inquiry into it. The citizens were at length 
 absolved, but a punishment laid on them, that in detes- 
 tation of the act, and to keep up the memory of it for 
 ever, the Mayor of Dublin should walk barefoot 
 through the city, in open procession, before the sacra- 
 ment on 4 Corpus Christi’ day, yearly,” which writes 
 Harris, 44 was ever after duly accomplished, until the 
 reformation put an end to such practices.” 
 
 This Cathedral was during the reign of Edward VI. 
 appropriated to the courts of law, but restored to its 
 original use by charter of Philip and Mary, in 1555. 
 It was also converted into a military barrack by order 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 71 
 
 or James II., in 1688, but again restored to religious 
 uses, on the defeat of that monarch, by King William 
 III., in 1690. 
 
 The organ belonging to this cathedral was, until 
 lately, acknowledged to be the finest in either England 
 or Ireland. It is generally supposed to have been built 
 at Rotterdam, for a chapel of Vigo, in Spain, but that 
 town having been besieged, at the moment of its 
 arrival, by the Duke of Ormond, at the head of the 
 allied fleet, it was carried off, with other valuables, and 
 subsequently erected in its present place. 
 
 The singing in this cathedral is a source of great 
 attraction to the lovers of music, when at three o’clock 
 on Sundays, the building is crowded by the fashion of 
 the city, who throng to hear the an.them, which is sung 
 by a choir of the highest repute. 
 
 For many years past the walls of this building were 
 rapidly hastening to decay, and in a few years would 
 have fallen into ruins, were it not for the munificence 
 of one citizen — Benjamin Lee Guinness, Esq. — whose 
 princely contribution of £40,000 for their renovation, 
 lias not only saved the building from ruin, but greatly 
 beautified its external appearance. 
 
 Immediately adjoining the cathedral, on the south- 
 east side, is Marsh’s Library, the oldest in Ireland, with 
 the exception of the College Library. It was founded 
 by Archbishop Marsh in 1707, and is free to the public. 
 In this library there are about 1800 volumes, and about 
 100 MSS., including the original MS. of the Bible in 
 Irish. Adjoining this, in Kevin-street, is the Deanery 
 House, erected on the site of that whereon stood the 
 house in which Dean Swift once resided, and now 
 occupied by some of the officers of the cathedral. To 
 the east of the Deanery House is the former Palace of 
 the Archbishops of Dublin, called “St. Sepulchres,” but 
 for many years past it has been used as the barrack of the 
 
72 
 
 HANDBOOK OK DUBLIN. 
 
 mounted police. Continuing to tlie end of Kevin- 
 street, and turning to the left through Bride-street, 
 immediately Peter-street will be reached, at the north 
 west angle of whichis theMoLYNEAUx Asylum for Blind 
 Females, wherein thirty of that destitute class of the 
 human race are instructed in music, knitting, and other 
 descriptions of work ; they are also taught to read the 
 Scriptures, and some of them perform on the organ in 
 the chapel attached, which is connected with the Church 
 of England, and is attended by one of the most fashion- 
 able congregations in the city. 
 
 Continuing to the end of Peter-street, in White friar- 
 street, at the corner of York-row, is the Carmelite 
 Friary, the front of which extends the whole length 
 of York-row to Aungier-street, where at the right is 
 Peter’s Church, the parish attached to which is the 
 largest and wealthiest in Dublin, notwithstanding, its 
 congregation is not so large as that of the Moly- 
 neaux Asylum, and many other independent Church of 
 England chapels throughout the city ; the greater por- 
 tion of the inhabitants being members of the congrega- 
 tions belonging to these places. Proceeding a little 
 northwards, the house No. 12, with a niche containing 
 a small statue in its front, is that in which Thomas 
 Moore, the last but one, of Ireland’s poets, was born. 
 
 Returning from this point, and proceeding along 
 York-street, the Visitor will arrive at 
 
 STEPHEN’S GREEN. 
 
 This spacious square, first laid out in 1678, exceeds 
 in extent any similar enclosure in the British Empire. 
 It measures nearly an English mile in circumference, 
 and is enclosed by an ornamental palisading of about 
 six feet high ; outside there is a gravel walk, bordered by 
 octagonal granite pillars, connected by chains, and sur- 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN, 
 
 73 
 
 mounted by lampposts. In the centre is an equestrian 
 statue of King George II., in a Roman military habit, 
 cast by Van Nost in 1758. The Green is tastefully 
 planted and laid out with well arranged gravel walks, 
 which recommend it, as one of the most pleasing pro- 
 menades in the city. 
 
 About the centre of the west side of this square, at 
 its junction with York-street, is 
 
 THE ROYAL COLLEGE OF SURGEONS, 
 
 A very ornamental building of cut granite, erected in 
 1806, at an expense of £25,000, granted by Parliament 
 for that purpose. The front of the building faces the 
 Green, and measures about forty-five feet. It contains 
 a board-room, a library, and three anatomical museums. 
 On the apex of the pediment is a statue of Esculapius, 
 and on the extremities are those of Hygeia and Minerva. 
 Opposite the south wing of this building, in York-street, 
 is The Independent Chapel, which in 1858 under- 
 went considerable alterations, the lower portion having 
 been converted into a school-room, which is supported 
 by the members of this congregation. On the south 
 side of the Green, the building presenting a cut granite 
 front, with portico and pediment, is the Wesleyan 
 Methodist Chapel, erected in 1842, and opened, with 
 the religious ceremonies usual on such occasions, on the 
 18th of June in the following year, when the clergy- 
 man who preached the sermon on the occasion, highly 
 complimented the Methodists of the city for their 
 independance in erecting such a fine building as would 
 make the “ passers by remember that there were such 
 people as the Methodists in Dublin” On the north 
 side, nearly opposite this building, is the United Service 
 Club ; and to the east of this, on the same side, is the 
 University Club . 
 
 Proceeding southwards along Harcourt-street, which 
 
74 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 forms the continuation of the west side of Stephen’s 
 Green, the ornamental building presenting itself on 
 the left is the 
 
 HARCOURT STREET STATION. 
 
 The Dublin Terminus of the Dublin, Wicklow and 
 Wexford Railway, erected in 1860 from the designs 
 and under the superintendence of George Wilkinson, 
 Esq., Architect. This station is the most compact, and 
 the neatest of any in the city. It has its rails, platform, 
 and waiting rooms, about twenty feet above the street 
 level. The goods store is approached by an inclined road- 
 way at rere of the passenger station, and the latter by 
 two flights of wide granite steps from Harcourt-street. 
 
 The entrance consists of a handsome colonade of 
 nineteen Doric columns in Rallynocken granite, and a 
 lofty central arch under a pediment curved roof, the 
 arches springing from columns and pilasters, and a 
 central hall for booking, having the entablature and 
 architectural character of the front, continued internally 
 around it. 
 
 The site of the station is somewhat limited for so 
 important a building ; and the line of rails, with the 
 platforms and large roof over them, has had to be 
 placed in an oblique position with the street, occasioning 
 a difficulty to the architect, which has been ingeniously 
 overcome in the way the novel and effective architec- 
 tural entrance, facing Harcourt-street, and forming a 
 very great ornament to this part of the city, has been 
 united with it. 
 
 Proceeding eastward by the road, at the north end 
 of this terminus, the building immediately on the right 
 is Mathias’s Church, erected in 1842, and supported 
 by voluntary contributions ; and south of this on 
 Adelaide-road, is the Presbyterian Chapel, a neat 
 building of cut granite, with a portico and pediment. 
 Turning to the left, and proceeding northward, the east 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN, 
 
 75 
 
 side of Stephen’s Green, which forms the continuation 
 of this road, will be reached, in the centre of which is 
 
 THE MUSEUM OF IRISH INDUSTRY, 
 
 An institution formed for the exhibition and exami- 
 nation of the various minerals, and other sources of 
 industry with which this country abounds ; and for the 
 encouragement of such investigations as tend to the 
 advancement of knowledge in agriculture, manu- 
 factures, &c. In this building is also the Museum of the 
 Geological Survey of Ireland, which with the many 
 other objects of interest in this Institution, will be found 
 well worthy of a visit. 
 
 Proceeding along the north side of Stephen’s Green, 
 and turning into Dawson-street, the visitor will feel 
 interested in learning that the house No. 20, in this 
 street, is that wherein the late Mrs. Hemans resided. 
 The remains of this talented lady, whose beautiful 
 poems are so highly prized, were, amongst those of 
 many other persons of distinction, deposited in the 
 Vaults of Anne’s Church, in the wall of which is a 
 white marble slab, with the following inscription — 
 
 “IN THE VAULTS BENEATH 
 ARE DEPOSITED THE MORTAL REMAINS OF 
 FELICIA HEMANS, 
 
 SHE DIED, MAY 1 6TH, 1835, 
 
 AGED 41.” 
 
 Adjoining the last residence of Mrs. Hemans is 
 
 THE MANSION HOUSE, 
 
 The official residence of the Lord Mayor for the time 
 being. This building is detached from those on either 
 side, and recedes from the street about twenty yards. 
 It is by no means prepossessing in its appearance, but 
 its interior is much superior to its external appearance, 
 and contains some spacious apartments, suitable for 
 the purposes to which they are appropriated. On the 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 76 
 
 left of the public entrance is, what is called, the gilt 
 room, wherein is an excellent portrait of His Majesty 
 King William III. Immediately adjoining this apart- 
 ment, is a spacious drawing-room, which is decorated 
 with portraits of the Earls Hardwicke, Westmorland, 
 and Whitworth, former Viceroys. The ball-room, 
 whieh is rather antiquated, is wainscotted with Irish 
 oak ; and in it are kept the city swords, the mace, and 
 collar of SS, presented by King William III. It also 
 contains several fine portraits, amongst which are those 
 of Charles II. and George II. To the rere of this is a 
 magnificent circular room, ninety feet in diameter, 
 erected for the reception of George IV. on the occa- 
 sion of his visit to Ireland in 1821. 
 
 In the garden adjoining, is an equestrian statue of 
 His Majesty George I., originally erected, in 1720, on 
 Essex Bridge, and removed to its present situation in 
 1789, on repairing the Bridge, which was much injured 
 by the weight of the battlements. Adjoining the 
 Mansion House, on the north side, is 
 
 THE ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY, 
 
 Founded in 1782, by some gentlemen chiefly connected 
 with the University, who formed themselves into a 
 society for the purpose of promoting literature and 
 science. The Society having rapidly increased, it soon 
 recommended itself to the notice of the legislature, and 
 accordingly it was, in the year 1786, incorporated 
 under the name of the “ Royal Irish Academy for the 
 Study of Polite Literature, Science, and Antiquities.” 
 
 The museum of the Royal Irish Academy contains 
 many valuable objects of Irish antiquities in gold, 
 silver, bronze, and iron, which from time to time were 
 discovered in various parts of the country. With these 
 there are some very rare and highly-prized reliquaries, 
 ecclesiastical implements, and crosses of antiquity, and 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN, 
 
 workmanship peculiar to Ireland. Of these the most 
 interesting is the celebrated Cross of Cong. This 
 cross takes its name from having been for many years 
 in the Abbey of Cong, in the county of Mayo. This 
 extraordinary cross, it is said, was manufactured at 
 Roscommon, before the Anglo-Saxon invasion, in the 
 reign of Turloch O’Conor, the father of Roderick, the 
 last of the kings of Ireland. It bears inscriptions in 
 Gaelic and Latin, signifying that there is a portion of 
 the “ true cross” within the reliquary, which was the 
 work of Irish artists. 44 At the intersection of the shaft 
 is a large crystal, through which a portion of the wood 
 which the reliquary was formed to enshrine is visible. 
 For centuries this relic was held in great veneration in 
 the old Abbey of Cong, and of late in the parish chapel, 
 where, as each Good Friday returned, it had a place 
 upon the altar. The last abbot of Cong died, and was 
 gathered to his fathers in a good old age. He was 
 succeeded by a parish priest, by whom the cross was 
 offered for sale to the curious in such matters, and 
 being purchased by the late Professor MacCullagh for 
 the sum of one hundred guineas, was presented by him 
 to the Academy. That such an antique was arrested 
 in its transit from Ireland, or from being hung up in 
 some 4 Old Curiosity Shop,’ is no small testimony to 
 the advantages of possessing such a society, which 
 among the other venerable relics in its museum, includes 
 the Gaah or Cathach , containing a MS. copy of the 
 Psalms,” said to have been 44 written by Columba and the 
 Domnach Airgid (a most prized relic), containing 
 portions of the Four Gospels,” said to have been 44 used 
 by St. Patrick, during his mission to Ireland, which 
 will no doubt be regarded with deep interest by all 
 lovers of the relics of antiquity.” 
 
 Adjoining the Royal Irish Academy is 
 
 d 4 
 
78 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 ANNE’S CHURCH, 
 
 A building of very plain exterior, without either cupola 
 or steeple. Its interior is, however, spacious, lightsome, 
 and tastefully laid out, and its congregation is one of 
 the wealthiest and most respectable in the city. Look- 
 ing along Dawson-street an excellent view is obtained 
 of the College Park, and of the College Library, and 
 the new Museums ; at the east angle of Kiidare-street, 
 at its intersection with Nassau-street, is the 
 
 NEW CLUB HOUSE, 
 
 Lately erected at an expense of £25,000, from the de- 
 signs and under the superintendence of Sir Thomas 
 Deane, Son, and Woodward, Architects, by Messrs. 
 Cockburn and Sons, Contractors. This building was 
 lately visited by Prince Albert, who expressed himself 
 highly pleased with its beauty and grand propor- 
 tions. Of the exterior of this beautiful building, 
 the annexed engraving conveys an accurate idea. 
 
 In the centre of Kiidare-street, opposite Molesworth- 
 street, is the front entrance to the house of 
 
 THE ROYAL DUBLIN SOCIETY. 
 
 This truly valuable society, “ the parent of all similar 
 societies now existing in Europe” — was formed in the 
 early part of the last century. — The first meeting of its 
 originators was held on the 25th June, 1731, in the 
 Philosophical Rooms of Trinity College, when “it was 
 proposed and unanimously agreed unto, to form a society 
 by the name of the Dublin Society, for improving hus- 
 bandry, manufactures, and other useful arts and at 
 a subsequent meeting it was agreed that the word 
 “ sciences” should be added. — On the 4tli December 
 1731, the Duke of Dorset, then Lord Lieutenant of 
 Ireland, was elected President, and on the 7th of the 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 79 
 
 same month, “ the society met at the Castle, and were 
 presented to the Lord Lieutenant in a body by his Grace 
 the Lord Primate, Vice President, to return him thanks 
 for the honour he had done the society, in being Presi- 
 dent, and his Excellency the Lord Lieutenant was pleased 
 to sign his name at the head of the subscription book 
 as president of the society.” — Encouraged by the patron- 
 age of such persons as the president, and vice president, 
 increased exertions on behalf of the society were adopted, 
 and through the munificence of Dr. Samuel Madden, one 
 of its earliest friends, who settled £130 during his own 
 life, and obtained a subscription of nearly £500 per an- 
 num, which was very soon increased to £900, the society 
 determined on the encouragement of arts and manufac- 
 tures by premiums and rewards, from which time the 
 society has continued to prosper. — In 1746 an annual 
 grant of £500 was obtained from government, through 
 the influence of Dr. Prior with the Earl of Chesterfield, 
 who in a letter to that gentleman, remarked that tC they 
 had done more good to Ireland with regard to arts and 
 industry than all the laws that could be formed.” 
 
 On the 2nd April, 1749, a charter of incorporation 
 was granted by George II. when the Earl of Harrington 
 was appointed the first president. Since that period the 
 schools of the society for education in drawing, model- 
 ing, and the fine arts, have produced many eminent 
 masters, amongst which may be mentioned George Bar- 
 rett, the celebrated landscape painter, who was the 
 chief founder of the Royal Academy of London, of 
 which Sir George Archer Shee, another Dublin artist, 
 was the late president. 
 
 In the society’s exhibition of 1763, “ the baptism of 
 the King of Cashel,” a picture founded on a popular 
 legend, and the first production of the celebrated artist, 
 James Barry of Cork, was submitted to the public. — 
 Of the circumstances connected with this picture, and 
 
 d 5 
 
80 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 its exhibition the following account has been given by 
 one of Barry’s contemporaries. “ The picture was 
 founded on an old tradition relating to the first arrival 
 of St. Patrick, at Cashel, where,” as the legend has it, 
 “ the fame of his preaching reached the ears of the sove- 
 reign of that district, who, on further investigation, 
 having satisfied himself in the truth of Christianity, 
 professed himself a disciple; hence he is admitted by 
 Patrick to the rite of baptism. Water being provided 
 by his order, the king steps before the priest, who, dis- 
 engaging his hand from the Crozier, which, according 
 to the manner of the times, was armed at the lower 
 extremity with a spear, in planting it on the ground, 
 accidentally strikes the foot of his illustrious convert 
 Patrick absorbed in the duties of his holy office, and 
 unconscious of what has happened, pours the water on 
 his head. — The monarch neither changes his posture, 
 nor suffers the pain of the wound for a moment to 
 interrupt the ceremony : the guards express their 
 astonishment in gestures ; and one of them is prepared 
 with his lifted battle-axe to avenge the injury, by slay- 
 ing the priest, while he is restrained by another, who 
 points to the unchanged aspect and demeanour of the 
 sovereign; the female attendants are engaged — some 
 kneeling in solemn admiration of the priest, and others 
 alarmed and trembling at the effusion of the royal blood. 
 — The moment of baptism rendered so critical and aw- 
 ful by the circumstances of the king’s foot being pierced 
 with a spear, is that which Mr. Barry chose for the dis- 
 play of his art; and few stories it is presumed have been 
 selected with greater felicity, or with greater scope for 
 the skill and ingenuity of the artist — the heroic patience 
 of the king, the devotional abstraction of the saint, and 
 the mixed emotion of the spectators, form a combined 
 and comprehensive model of imitation, and convey a 
 suitable idea of one who, self-instructed, and at nineteen. 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 81 
 
 conceived the execution of so grand a design.— Having 
 embodied the story on canvas, he proceeded to Dublin, 
 and arrived on the eve of an exhibition of paintings at 
 the (Dublin) Society in this capital, which was the 
 parent of that afterwards established in London, for the 
 encouragement of arts, manufactures, and commerce. 
 
 Without recommendation, and accompanied only by 
 a friend and school-fellow, he obtained leave to have the 
 picture exhibited. — The general notice and approbation 
 which it received, were in the highest degree grateful 
 to the ears of Mr. Barry, who was himself, in the midst 
 of the spectators, though unknown ; and in that moment 
 he was repaid for all the labour of his performance. — 
 Curiosity succeeded to the idle gaze of admiration ; but 
 as no one was able to give a satisfactory answer to the 
 inquiries so loudly repeated for the author, the subject 
 might have remained longer in impenetrable obscurity 
 had not Mr. Barry himself been impelled by an irresist- 
 tible impulse publicly to declare his property in the 
 picture. 
 
 His pretensions as might be expected, were treated 
 with disdain, and Barry burst into tears of anger and 
 vexation: but the insults he received won the tribute 
 due to the extraordinary merit of the painting, and mast 
 have proved an ample recompense to the author for his 
 temporary mortification. 
 
 Although no premium had been offered that year by 
 advertisement, the Dublin Society voted Mr. Barry £10 
 as a testimony of his merit. — The picture itself was 
 purchased by some members of the Irish Parliament, 
 and by them presented to that honourable house as 
 a monument of genius, and there it was unhappily 
 consumed by the fire which some years afterwards 
 (1792) destroyed (a portion) of the Parliament House 
 of Dublin.” 
 
 In 1815 the society purchased the mansion of the 
 
 E 
 
82 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 Duke of Leinster, which occupies the area between 
 Kildare-street and Merrion Square. 
 
 A grand rusticated gateway, surmounted by a colos- 
 sal statute of Minerva, opposite Molesworth-street, 
 gives entrance from Kildare-street into a spacious 
 semicircular court-yard, leading to the principal front 
 of the edifice, which is 140 feet long by 70 feet deep. 
 This front is richly decorated with Corinthian columns 
 an entablature, pediment, and balustrades. The hall- 
 door and windows, which are all ornamented by archi- 
 traves, &c., occupy the rusticated basement, and from 
 the north and south of either extremity of the front 
 there is a Doric colonade, the former communicating 
 with the new schools of statuary and drawing, the 
 latter with the theatre. 
 
 ' The outer hall is of grand proportions ; its attic is on 
 a range with the second story of the building, and 
 from it springs a carved and coffered ceiling. A 
 colossal statute of George IV., in Carrara marble stands 
 in the hall, and fronts the fire place. Proceeding under 
 the arches, supported by Doric columns, the visitor 
 reaches a double staircase, by which he will arrive at 
 the Library and Museum. 
 
 At the top of the stairs on the left is the door lead- 
 ing to the library, wherein are some valuable works on 
 the fine arts, the sciences, and on natural history and 
 botany. 
 
 The museums, which open on the staircase, consist 
 of six apartments, and contain many rare and interest- 
 ing objects of Irish and foreign antiquities, including 
 idols of various descriptions, and collections in minera- 
 logy and natural history : the latter having been pur- 
 chased from the celebrated M. Leske of Marburg ; and 
 also the Icelandic collections of the late Sir Charles 
 Gesecke, Professor of Mineralogy to the Society. To 
 enter into a general description of the arrangements 
 and contents of this museum would be useless, especially 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 83 
 
 when they are all numbered regularly, and arranged in 
 the catalogues, which are left in the apartments for 
 the convenience of Visitors. 
 
 In the Board Room, which was formerly the supper 
 room, are several pictures and pieces of statuary. Here 
 also is the Speaker's Chair of the Irish House of Com- 
 mons, and communicating with this is the Conversation 
 Room, wherein are a beautiful collection of pictures, 
 bequeathed to the Society by the late Thomas Pleasants, 
 Esq. By a rising window in the inner hall access is 
 obtained to the terrace fronting the lawn, from which 
 is seen the ornamental area of Merrion-square, separated 
 by a sunken fence and dwarf wall, which does not 
 obstruct the view. 
 
 After the Exhibition of 1853, it was determined by 
 the Dublin Society to erect some suitable testimonial to 
 perpetuate the memory and munificence of our worthy 
 citizen William Dargan, Esq., the father of that great 
 industrial measure, and having raised a sum of £11,000, 
 it was determined to erect a National Gallery, which 
 was soon commenced, but this sum being insufficient for 
 the erection of so extensive a building, the government 
 undertook its completion and subsequently agreed to 
 erect a Museum of similar extent and proportions on 
 the opposite side. These fine buildings have been erected 
 by the well known contractors, Messrs. Cockburn and 
 Sons, in the usual style and superiority of workman- 
 ship, for which this respectable firm is celebrated. 
 
 Departments open to the Public . 
 
 Museum — Tuesday and Friday, from 12 to 3, p.m. 
 Elgin Marbles, Statuary, &c. — Wednesday and Satur- 
 day, from 12 to 3, p.m. 
 
 Agricultural Museum — Thursday, from 12 to 2, p.m. 
 Library — Every day, on introduction by a Member. 
 
 A Member’s Order will obtain admission at any time 
 to the various parts of the establishment. 
 
 E 2 
 
84 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 The Exhibition of 1861 originated with the Royal 
 Dublin Society’s Committee of Fine Arts. Encouraged 
 by the marked success of the unpretending little Ex- 
 hibition of 1858, which was held in the new Building 
 erected for the Museum of Natural History, the Society 
 readily concurred in the proposition to form a somewhat 
 more extensive collection in the year 1861, comprising 
 Paintings, Sculpture, with the kindred arts of Engrav- 
 ing and Photography, as well as all the manufactures “ in 
 which Art forms a principal or material element.” The 
 project received the active support of many artists and 
 manufacturers, and was heartily approved by the public 
 generally. To provide against loss, a guarantee fund 
 was subscribed, which speedily amounted to £10,000 — 
 being double the sum assumed to be necessary. The 
 New Agricultural Hall in Kildare Street, a spacious 
 building nearly 300 feet long by 120 feet broad, was 
 adapted for the purposes of the exhibition by the erec- 
 tion of two galleries running the entire length of the 
 Building, and 20 feet broad, connected at the extreme 
 east and west ends by cross galleries; by flooring 
 over the entire space ; and by partitions which divide 
 the building into a large central hall and two side 
 aisles. Refreshment Rooms have also been put up 
 in the court-yard. The galleries are intended to be 
 permanent, and afford a valuable addition to the ac- 
 commodation, while they contribute to the beauty and 
 strength of the building. The interior was painted 
 in a light and cheerful style; and those who were 
 present at the Cattle Show in Easter week could scarcely 
 believe their eyes on the opening day when they 
 witnessed the transformation which in five short weeks 
 had been effected. Where fat oxen had reposed in 
 their stalls, the “ Ancient Masters” now held undis- 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 85 
 
 puted sway ; and cases of tlie choicest china now filled 
 the space where prize bulls had tossed their horns a 
 few weeks before. 
 
 The Exhibition was opened on Friday the 24th 
 of May, Her Majesty’s birth day, by His Excellency 
 the Lord Lieutenant, with a state ceremonial. On 
 the 1st of July it was visited by the Prince of Wales; 
 and received a similar honour on the 2 3rd of August, 
 from the Prince Consort. Up to the 31st August, the 
 number of visitors has been upwards of 100,000, being 
 an average of about 1200 a day for 86 days during 
 which the exhibition has been open. Of these about 
 
 73.000 paid for admission 2s. 6d., or one shilling each, 
 
 7.000 being the visits of members of the Royal Dublin 
 Society, who are entitled to free entrance, and 20,000 
 being the number of visits by holders of season tickets. 
 These were sold at 25s. for gentlemen, 15s. for ladies, 
 and 10s. for children, until the middle of July, when 
 the prices were reduced to one-half those rates. We 
 believe that about 1600 season tickets have been dis- 
 posed of ; and on the whole there is every reason to 
 regard the Exhibition as a decided success, and to hope 
 that after payment of all expenses, although we have 
 heard these estimated at so high a sum as £5,000, a 
 profit will remain to be applied to the furtherance of 
 the useful and national objects which the Royal Dublin 
 Society labours so earnestly to promote. 
 
 The Exhibition is in truth worthy of the Royal 
 patronage and of the public favour which it has ob- 
 tained. Its pretensions are moderate. No rivalry was 
 imagined with the great Manchester display of Art 
 Treasures in 1857, nor with the Dargan Exhibition or 
 Manufactures in 1853. The space, the time, the means 
 at the disposal of the Society alike precluded such 
 competition. It was intended merely to bring together 
 such a collection of works of Art as would serve to 
 
86 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 stimulate and improve public taste in Ireland ; and the 
 general feeling has been one of surprise and satisfaction 
 that so much has been done, — the performance greatly 
 exceeding both promise and expectation. 
 
 The southern aisle contains 420 specimens of the 
 “ Ancient Masters.” If there be no world-famous pic- 
 ture in the collection, there are nevertheless many very 
 valuable and instructive examples of elder art. The 
 Queen granted the loan of 28 paintings from Hampton 
 Court Palace; the Directors of the National Portrait 
 Gallery of London gave a series of ten very interesting 
 portraits. Amongst the contributors are His Excellency 
 the Earl of Carlisle; the Marquis of Drogheda; Lord 
 Harberton ; Sir Richard Levinge, Baronet ; Sir Richard 
 Griffith, Baronet; Mr. Ruxton; Lord Talbot de Mala- 
 liide ; The Lord Chancellor ; Mr. Harvie ; Doctor Evory 
 Kennedy; The Earl of Bessborough, Mr. J. Hamilton 
 Read; Mr. Charles Brien; Mr. B. Watkins; Mr. 
 Loftus Bland ; Mr. G. A. Boyd ; Mrs. Purcill ; Mrs. 
 West; and Mr. John Smith. There are doubtless 
 some pictures attributed to great names conventionally 
 or by the owner’s fancy, on no better authority 
 than a certain resemblance, or, if you will, imitation 
 of style. The Committee take care to inform us 
 in their catalogue that they are not responsible for 
 this. There are a few also which are scarcely worthy 
 of a place on these walls. But on the whole the collec- 
 tion is an admirable one, and the visitor and the artist 
 may in confidence admire and study with profit the 
 many genuine works of the Italian, Flemish, and 
 English Schools. The older Irish artists, so neglected 
 in their life time, and even now so little known, deserve 
 a better fate. We have some very interesting pictures 
 by* Ashford, Barret, Comerford, Cumming, H. D. 
 Hamilton, O’Connor, T. S. Roberts, and T. West. 
 There are, also, some very excellent examples of artists, 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 87 
 
 who were not represented even in the immense assem- 
 blage at Manchester in 1857. 
 
 The works of the Modern Masters, most of whom 
 are still living, are exhibited in the North Saloon, and 
 in the Water Colour Room, which also contains the 
 Sotheby collection, and the miniatures. The fame of 
 the English School is worthily sustained by some of the 
 finest specimens of Maclise, Leslie, Etty, Mulready, the 
 Landseers, A. Cooper, Cope, Eastlake, Egg, Hayter, 
 Simson, Redgrave, Stanfield, Uwins, Webster, Wilkie, 
 and many others. Armytage’s great picture of the 
 battle of Meanee, the property of her Majesty, occu- 
 pies one end of the gallery: and facing it, at the other 
 extremity, is Slingeneyer’s fine painting of “ The 
 Heroic Death of Jean Jacobson, at the Siege of Ostend,” 
 contributed by the King of the Belgians. The Bel- 
 gian and Prussian Schools are moreover most efficiently 
 represented by pictures in every style by many of their 
 ablest artists. 
 
 Some of the best and most interesting pictures in 
 the collection are the works of the resident artists of 
 Ireland, amongst whom are several who are destined, 
 we venture to think, to attain to a very high rank in 
 their profession. We have particularly admired the 
 pictures contributed by Colomb, Duffy, Marquis, 
 Faulkner, MacManus, and T. A. Jones. 
 
 The Sotheby collection is, we think, a perfectly 
 unique assemblage of nearly 300 gems of Art. Some 
 of them are finished works, many are only sketches ; 
 but almost all possess a special interest and value as 
 being the production of the leisure moments, the 
 emanation of the free fancy, of most distinguished 
 artists not painted to order, not intended for sale, but 
 thrown off merely to amuse, or to perpetuate the 
 sudden inspiration, to catch and detain the “flying 
 Cynthia of the minute.” Here then may perhaps be 
 
88 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 most advantageously studied their pecular characteris- 
 tics, the secret of their manner, and in some of them 
 at least that conscientious care, even in trifling de- 
 lineations, which in every aspiring artist ought to be 
 habitual. The lamented proprietor of these interesting 
 works died, we believe, since the opening of the Exhi- 
 bition, to which he so liberally contributed one of its 
 most attractive features. 
 
 The total number of modern works is about 750, 
 besides a series of Architectural Drawing; some old 
 and rare Engravings, and a very large collection of 
 Photographs of every description, which are contained 
 in the galleries. So that, probably, the entire number 
 of Paintings and Drawings in the Exhibition exceeds 
 1500. 
 
 The Central Hall contains some very interesting 
 Sculptures, amongst which are Hogan’s last work, 
 “ The Shepherd Boy;” some very clever groups by 
 Kirk, and the Farrells. There are contributions also 
 from Foley, Weekes, Papworth, and Bailv, and a series 
 of Portrait Busts of great interest. 
 
 Of the Art Manufactures we have left ourselves 
 little room to speak. What taste and skill and capital 
 can do is here displayed in some of the most finished 
 and most beautiful specimens of jewellery and gold- 
 smith’s work, and their imitations or rivals in electro- 
 plate ; of china and glass ; of lace, embroidery ; orna- 
 mental furniture ; musical instruments ; and, in truth, of 
 every article of use, convenience, or luxury, whose 
 form or colouring derives additional grace from the 
 arts of design. The committee, having but a limited 
 space, were obliged to exclude manufactures proper 
 from their programme ; and only such productions as 
 only come within the scope of the fine arts could be 
 admitted. Of these the collection is not large, but it is 
 tolerably complete. Many antiquities and curiosities 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 89 
 
 of art Lave also found a place here, such as the rich 
 embroidered robes of the King of Delhi and the 
 Emperor of China; antique china, carvings in ivory, 
 medals, seals, and coins ; old tapestry, lace, and needle- 
 work. There is also a very interesting series of old 
 miniatures. In fact, so numerous and so various are 
 the contents of the galleries, that we must content 
 ourselves by referring to the catalogue, of which two 
 editions have been published, and upwards of 8000 
 copies have been already sold. 
 
 A peculiar feature of this Exhibition is the opening 
 at night, for which purpose it is most brilliantly and 
 effectively lighted with gas. Some of the pictures may 
 be seen to great advantage in this illumination, their 
 peculiar colouring being brought out more vividly and 
 distinctly than during the day. The best organists in 
 Ireland (Dr. Stewart and Mr. Torrance) or Mr. Levy’s 
 excellent band of music added to the attractions of the 
 place; and for three evenings in each week, during the 
 summer, the Exhibition promenade has been the 
 delightful haunts of thousands, who have often felt 
 the want in Dublin of some resource which would 
 gratify the intellect and taste, while it satisfied the 
 natural desire for amusement. The experiment has, in 
 every respect, been eminently successful, and is deserv- 
 ing of imitation, wherever it is practicable, in future 
 Exhibitions. 
 
 We should not conclude our notice of the Exhibition 
 without a reference to the impetus it w T as designed to 
 give, and we sincerely believe it has given, to art in 
 the city of Dublin, not merely by displaying to the 
 unaccustomed eyes of thousands .of visitors the admi- 
 rable w r orks so well calculated to elevate their thoughts 
 and to refine their taste, but more directly and imme- 
 diately by furnishing to many students a most' excellent 
 school and the best examples to study from. One of 
 
 E 3 
 
90 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 the most interesting sights in the Exhibition was to be 
 seen only in the early forenoon, when scores of Art 
 students, in by far the greater proportion of young 
 ladies, were to be found busily engaged in copying, 
 under the direction of Mr. Macmanus the art super- 
 intendent, permission having of course been first 
 obtained from the owners. We understand that the 
 committee contemplate holding an exhibition of such 
 copies, and giving prizes according to their merits. 
 The want of a National Gallery in Dublin, and the 
 scarcity of accessible good pictures, rendered the pri- 
 vilege of study particularly valuable. It was freely 
 afforded to season ticket holders, to professed artists, 
 as well as to the pupils of the Royal Dublin Society’s 
 school of art. 
 
 The management of the exhibition was entrusted by 
 the council of the Society to a committee of seventy- 
 one gentlemen; and the details of business were by 
 them divided amongst six sub-committees, the chair- 
 men of which constituted an Executive Committee; 
 and on these gentlemen devolved a large portion of 
 the labour and responsibility of the undertaking, upon 
 the success of which we heartily congratulate the 
 Royal Dublin Society. 
 
 We have not space for the list of the General Com- 
 mittee, but we extract from the catalogue the names of 
 the Chairmen and the officers: — Mr. Gilbert Sanders, 
 Chairman of the General Committee and of the Build- 
 ing Committee; Mr. Henry T. Vickers, Chairman of the 
 Committee of Selection; Mr. Charles E. Bagot, Chair- 
 man of the Printing and Correspondence Committee; 
 Mr. Alexander Parker, Chairman of the Finance Com- 
 mittee ; Mr. R. J. T. Macrory, Chairman of the Music 
 Committee; The Hon. Judge Berwick, Chairman of 
 the Arrangement Committee; Sir Thomas Deane, 
 Chairman of the Royal Dublin Society’s Committee of 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 91 
 
 Fine Arts; Dr. Sayers, Chairman of the Society's 
 Committee of Manufactures ; Mr. Henry Parkinson, 
 Secretary to the Committee; Mr. Henry Mac Manus, 
 Art Superintendant ; Mr. Andrew Corrigan, Assistant 
 Superintendant and Storekeeper; Mr. Patrick Corrigan, 
 Clerk. 
 
 We think it only due to the Secretary, Mr. Parkin- 
 son, to mention, that to his exertions the Exhibition is 
 indebted for the most valuable pictures it possesses, he 
 being the first person who procured from the English 
 collections contributions towards Irish Exhibitions ; 
 and by his personal application, the South Kensington 
 Museum was obtained instead of its being sent to 
 Bristol, as previously promised. Mr. Parkinson also 
 obtained from the King of the Belgians the great pic- 
 ture representing the “ Pleroic Death of Jean Jacobson 
 at the Siege of Ostend,” as also the “ Battle of Meanee,” 
 the property of Her Majesty, 
 
 Returning by Stephen’s Green and proceeding into 
 Upper Merrion Street, which runs parallel to Kildare 
 Street, the house on the east side at the south angle of 
 Fitzwilliamlane, is Mornington House , the birth place 
 of 
 
 THE LATE DUKE OF WELLINGTON, 
 
 now occupied as the offices of the Ecclesiastical Com- 
 missioners. In this house England’s greatest Warrior, 
 on the 29th April, 1769, first saw the light, and was 
 baptized in Peter’s Church, as appears by the following 
 extract from the Registry of that parish, — “ Christen- 
 ings, 1768, April 30th, Arthur, son of the Right 
 Honourable Earl and Countess of Mornington.” This 
 house which was then, as it now is, in Peter's parish, 
 was purchased for the sum of £8,000, from the Marquis 
 of Wellesley by Lord Cloncurry, from whom it was 
 subsequently rented by the late Lord Castlereagh, during 
 
92 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN* 
 
 whose residence there, it “ was the scene of the discus - 
 sion and arrangement of all the Diplomatic negotiat- 
 ions preparatory to the enactment of the Legislative 
 Union? Proceeding north of this house, the large en- 
 closure immediately reached is 
 
 MERRION SQUARE, 
 
 The most fashionable locality in the City, and next in 
 size to Stephen’s Green. This ornamental enclosure 
 was first laid out in 1762 by John Ensor, Esq., the 
 Architect of Antrim House, on the north side of the 
 square. It is enclosed by a dwarf granite wall, sur- 
 mounted by a high railing, and its tastefully laid out 
 and undulating surface, which is planted with orna- 
 mental shrubberies, gives to it an appearance of great 
 beauty. Looking in continuation of the South side of 
 this square, a front view is obtained of 
 
 STEPHEN’S CPIURCH, 
 
 A very neat building of cut granite, with a Grecian 
 Facade and Cupola. This building is a Chapel of Ease 
 to Peter’s parish, and is attended by a very respectable 
 and influential congregation. Continuing southwards 
 from the east side of this Square through Fitzwilliam 
 Street, a most respectably inhabited neighbourhood, 
 the visitor will pass on the right side another beautiful 
 but smaller enclosure, called 
 
 FITZWILLIAM SQUARE. 
 
 This Square, though not quite so large as Merrion 
 Square, is equally well kept, and respectably inhabited. 
 It is, like the last, enclosed by a very neat railing, rest- 
 ing on a dwarf wall of granite, and tastefully laid out 
 in shrubberies and flower plots, which, being below the 
 level of the street, forms a pleasing prospect for foot 
 passengers, who have a view of same. Returning by 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 93 
 
 tlie west side of Merrion Square, which connects Upper 
 and Lower Merrion Street, the visitor will, on the left, 
 have a good view of the east front of the Dublin 
 Society’s House, with the new and beautiful buildings 
 of cut granite, lately erected on its lawn ; and, arriving 
 at Lincoln-place, he will have a view of the Turkish 
 Baths , erected in 1860, from the designs, and under 
 the superin tendance of Richard Barter, Esq., Architect 
 and Sculptor. Nearly opposite the Turkish Baths, 
 and at right angles to Lincoln-place is Westland row, 
 on the east side of which is the Roman Catholic Chapel, 
 erected in 1834, at an expense of £13, 000; which, with 
 the School-houses and buildings forming the residence 
 of the Clergy, was increased to £20,000. Adjoining 
 this, on the north side, is 
 
 THE WESTLAND-ROW STATION 
 
 The terminus of the Dublin and Kingstown Railway, 
 a plain but well-arranged building, two stories high, 
 ascending to an elevation of twenty feet. This rail- 
 way was the first erected in Ireland, and is considered 
 to be one of the most complete in the British dominions. 
 North of this station, in Bruns wick-street, is the estab- 
 lishment belonging to 
 
 THE SOCIETY OF ANCIENT CONCERTS. 
 
 This building is partially fronted with stone, and presents 
 a plain solid appearance. The principal concert room 
 measures double its height and breadth, a proportion 
 which is said to be very favourable for hearing. This 
 room contains a very fine organ, which was built 
 expressly for the society. At the eastern extremity is 
 a light and elegant gallery, which, with the body of 
 the apartment, affords accommodation for nearly 1000 
 persons. This building is principally devoted to 
 musical entertainment, but it is also used for religious 
 
94 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 purposes, being rented by a congregation of dissenters, 
 who hold their weekly meetings for religious worship 
 there. West of this, on the same side, is 
 
 MARK’S CHURCH. 
 
 A large plain edifice, commenced in 1729, and com- 
 pleted about the year 1760. It was erected by private 
 subscriptions, a tax laid on the houses in the parish, 
 and a grant of £,2000 from Parliament. Previous to 
 the year 1707, Mark’s parish formed part of Andrew’s, 
 but the latter parish having been found too large for 
 the parish church, an Act of Parliament was passed 
 for dividing it into two parishes ; and shortly after the 
 building of the above edifice was proceeded with, but 
 owing to the want of funds, it was not completed for 
 nearly thirty years afterwards, when the Parliament 
 advanced the above amount. West of this, on the 
 opposite side, is the 
 
 QUEEN’S THEATRE, 
 
 Formerly called the Adelphi , and now used for exhi- 
 bitions. In the year 1845, this establishment was fitted 
 up with considerable taste, and it now receives consi- 
 derable encouragement from the lovers of pleasure. 
 Continuing to the end of Brunswdck-street, and turning 
 to the right, into Hawkins’s-street, the visitor arrives 
 at 
 
 THE THEATRE ROYAL, 
 
 Erected on the site originally occupied by the house of 
 the Royal Dublin Society. It was first opened on the 
 18th of January, 1821, and visited on the 20th of 
 August, in the same year, by his late Majesty King 
 George the Fourth. The exterior of this building is 
 not remarkable for its architectural beauty, but the 
 interior, which is capable of accommodating about 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 95 
 
 2000 persons, is commodious and beautiful; and from 
 its peculiar form, the slightest word uttered upon the 
 stage is heard at the most distant part of the house. 
 
 So early as the beginning of the sixteenth century, 
 dramatic performances appear to have formed the 
 amusement of the citizens of Dublin. As we learn 
 from contemporary writers, that on a stage erected in 
 Hoggin’s-green — now College-green — the tailors, in the 
 presence of the Earl of Ossory, Lord Justice, acted the 
 part of Adam and Eve ; the shoemakers, the story of 
 Crispin and Crispianus ; the vintners, Bacchus and his 
 story; the carpenters, Joseph and Mary; the smiths? 
 the story of Vulcan; and the bakers, the comedy of 
 Ceres. On the same stage, the priors of St. John of 
 Jerusalem and of All-hallows, caused two plays to be 
 acted, the one representing what is called “ the passion 
 of our Saviour,” the other, the several deaths which the 
 apostles suffered. During the sitting of Parliament, in 
 the time of Henry VIII. the play of the “Nine 
 Worthies” was acted on Corpus Christi, 1541 ; and in 
 1635, during Strafford’s government, the first theatre 
 was opened in Dublin, since which time several others 
 have been erected. East of the Theatre Royal in 
 Townsend-street, is the 
 
 IRISH CHURCH MISSIONS HOUSE. 
 
 A society established for the circulation of the Scrip- 
 tures both in English and Irish. This society is sup- 
 ported by the contributions of several noblemen and 
 other persons of distinction, together with the great 
 body of the clergy of the Established Churchs in Ire- 
 land. Its agency comprises over 500 missionaries, 30 
 of whom are clergymen. The number of its school is 
 about 79, and the attendants at these schools, as appears 
 by the Society’s Report, exceed 4000. 
 
 North of Brunswick-street is D’Olier-street, in which 
 
96 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 is tlie Dublin Library, erected in 1820, at an expense 
 of £5,594; and at the end of this street is Carlisle- 
 bridge, 'the central point from which we commenced 
 our survey of the city. 
 
 ENVIRONS. 
 
 Having conducted the tourist through our city, and 
 brought under his observation the principal objects 
 deserving his attention, we now proceed to offer a few 
 remarks on the most interesting portions of the rural 
 districts, confining our observations chiefly to those 
 places which lie nearest to the city, the greater number 
 of which can be visited on foot or by a pleasant and 
 cheerful drive. 
 
 Returning to the Phoenix Park, already noticed at 
 page 34, and having directed attention to the Wellington 
 Testimonial and Royal Military Infirmary, beyond 
 which is the Constabulary Barracks, sometime erected 
 as the head quarters of that valuable force, we now 
 recommend the visitor to proceed about a quarter of a 
 mile along the principal road through the Park, where 
 he wdll arrive at the avenue branching to the right, 
 which will conduct him to the entrance to the 
 
 ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS, 
 
 A very picturesque enclosure of about five acres of 
 tastefully laid out and undulating ground, terminated, 
 on the western side, by a sheet of water, which pre- 
 serves a number of aquatic fowl of every species. The 
 grounds are so advantageously intersected with walks, 
 and bordered with evergreen plantations, that they con- 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 97 
 
 vey to strangers an idea of a greater extent of acres 
 than they really contain. These gardens are open to 
 the public on Sundays, after two o’clock, at the small 
 charge of one penny ; and on the evenings of week- 
 days, from the 1st of May to the 1st of September, after 
 five o’clock, for the same charge. During the other 
 portions of the day, the charge for each adult is six- 
 pence, and for children under ten years, three pence. 
 These gardens form one of the most pleasing resorts for 
 the citizens, and will be found well worthy of a visit 
 from those who have not already seen them. Besides 
 the many curious and interesting specimens of every 
 description of the animal kingdom which can be pre- 
 served here, there is a perfect fossil of the plesiosaurus , 
 an extinct animal, supposed to have belonged to the ante- 
 diluvian world, discovered at Whitby, in Yorkshire, 
 and presented by the Marquis of Normanby to the late 
 Sir Philip Crampton, who presented it to the Zoolo- 
 gical Society. This wonderful animal was a native of 
 the deep, and possessed the head of a lizard with the 
 teeth of a crocodile ; a neck resembling the body of 
 a serpent; a body and tail like those of a large quadru- 
 ped, and paddles similar to those of a whale. 
 
 Leaving the Zoological Gardens and proceeding along 
 the principal road through the Park, which is lined by 
 rows of fine old elms ; on the right, separated from the 
 Park by a sunk fence, next the carriage-way, is the 
 Viceregal Lodge, purchased in 1784 from the Earl of 
 Leitrim, and subsequently much improved by various 
 additions made to it. The demesne is kept in a manner 
 becoming the viceroy, and contains about two hundred 
 acres. 
 
 Beyond the Viceregal Lodge is the Chief Secretary’s 
 Lodge, a handsome and commodious building, with a 
 demesne of about twenty acres ; and nearly between 
 them, in a central circular space, formed at the junc- 
 
08 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 tion of four great avenues, may be seen a fluted 
 column, surmounted by the sculptured representation 
 of a phoenix, in the centre of flames, with outspread 
 wings, erected by Lord Chesterfield while viceroy of 
 Ireland, who supposed that the Irish words, Fion 
 Uiske, which mean pure or clear water, might be fitly 
 symbolized by the “ Phoenix,” “ and so enduringly 
 recorded his amusing blunder on a Corinthian capital, 
 that it is likely to enjoy a tenure in perpetuity.” 
 
 In a glen, not far from the Zoological Gardens, is a 
 clear chalybeate spring, known in ancient times as the 
 Fion Uiske ; and from this spring, the manor of which 
 the park formed a portion, derives its name. 
 
 The Under Secretary’s Lodge is also in the park, and 
 has a demesne of about fifty acres. Westward still is 
 Mountjoy Barracks, now and for many years past occu- 
 pied as the offices of the Ordnance Survey of Ireland. 
 Proceeding from the avenue which diverges southward 
 from the Phoenix Column, the Fifteen acres will be 
 reached : in this the reviews and field inspections of the 
 troops in Dublin garrison are held. In the days of 
 “ hair triggers and a dozen paces, or less,” the Fifteen 
 Acres was the favorite court near the metropolis in 
 which many gentlemen, signalized by a total insensi- 
 bility to anything like virtue, morality, or common 
 honesty, but very tenacious of some cobweb thing they 
 called their “ honor,” were wont to seek “ the repara- 
 tion due to gentlemen,” when that was frayed. No 
 doubt it afforded occasionally the only mode of correct- 
 ing the rude manners of the time, but was, withal, 
 irrational, inasmuch as the wrong-doer and bully was 
 placed on an equal footing, and frequently had the 
 advantage of the wronged and gentlemanly. 
 
 Overlooking the village of Chapelizod and the river, 
 on the south, crowned by a cupola, is the Hibernian 
 School, opened in 1767, for maintaining, educating, and 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 99 
 
 apprenticing the orphans and children of soldiers in 
 Ireland. The school consists of a centre and wings, 
 300 feet long and three stories high, having a spacious 
 parade ground 400 feet long by 200 feet wide. It is 
 built of rubble masonry, dashed and plastered ; in the 
 centre are the schools and dormitories. In the eastern 
 wing are the apartments of the commandant, adjutant, 
 and chaplain ; and in the western wing are the apart- 
 ments for the females. Detached from these are a 
 dining-hall, infirmary, and chapel, erected of cut stone 
 and surmounted with a steeple and cupola. This 
 chapel is generally attended by the Lord Lieutenant, 
 when residing at the Viceregal Lodge. A little to the 
 west of the Hibernian School is what remains of one of 
 the ancient sepulchres or cromlechs of Ireland, so inter- 
 esting to the archaeologist, an altar-tomb in which were 
 enclosed two human skeletons, only discovered in 1838, 
 on the removal, by some workmen, of a tumulus of 
 about fifteen feet in height which had been raised over 
 it. This is a small tomb compared with others still 
 existing in the county Dublin at Shanganagh, Druid’s 
 Glen, Mount Venus, Kilternan, and Howth, but most 
 interesting as defining the purpose for which such 
 cromlechs were intended, and also in its evidence of 
 great antiquity exhibited by the fact, that immediately 
 under each skull was discovered a considerable quantity 
 of the small shell, Nerita littoralis , rubbed or ground 
 down on the valve side to admit of their being strung 
 in form of a necklace on a vegetable fibre, part of 
 which remained through some of the shells, after the 
 manner of the most primitive tribes inhabiting sea-coast 
 lands. Four stone kists were at the same time exposed, 
 in each of which was an urn of baked clay containing 
 ashes of the dead. One of them is deposited in the 
 Museum of the Royal Irish Academy, being saved from 
 destruction by General Larcom of the Royal Engineers, 
 
100 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 through whose interest in such matters many Irish anti- 
 quities, brought to light during the progress of the 
 Ordnance Survey of Ireland while under his direction 
 have been most carefully preserved. With the skele- 
 tons were also found a small fibula of bone and a knife 
 or arrow-head of flint. 
 
 About a mile outside the north-west entrance to the 
 park is the village of Castleknock, where are the 
 remains of a castle of considerable strength, erected in 
 the reign of Henry II., and at which Hugh de Tyrrell 
 and his lady were made prisoners by Edward Bruce in 
 1315, coming, after the famous battle of Bannockburn, 
 to assist the Irish against the common enemy. Our 
 visitor has now a choice, passing out of the Park by 
 the Chapelizod gate to visit Lucan and Leixlip, or leav- 
 ing those for a short ralway trip to turn off the road 
 at Palmerstown and proceed to Clondalkin, from 
 whence he may return by rail to Dublin, or by car 
 through Crumlin, Harold's cross, Leinster-road, and 
 Rathmines, to the city. 
 
 Within a short distance of the Hibernian School, on 
 the southern boundary of the Park, is Chapelizod, a 
 neat village on the banks of the Liffey. Proceeding by 
 the road which skirts the Park, and leaving the river to 
 the left, we continue by Knockmaroon gate, and thence 
 descending the hill, we pass on the right the highly 
 cultivated sloping banks well known as the Strawberry 
 Beds ; continuing through a beautiful glen, we pass by 
 Woodlands, the seat of Colonel White, and proceeding 
 still by a road which is shaded by plantations at either 
 side, we reach Lucan, a neat little town delightfully 
 situated on the Liffey. Nearly two miles w r est of Lucan 
 is Leixlip, in the most beautiful portion of the valley 
 of the Liffey. Here is still to be seen in good preser- 
 vation a castle, said to have been erected by Adam 
 Fitz-Hereford, one of the Anglo-Norman plunderers. 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN, 
 
 101 
 
 Convenient to this is also the celebrated Salmon Leap, 
 described by Mr. D’ Alton in his “ History of the City 
 of Dublin” “ The river here enters a wild romantic 
 dell, where high slopes, covered with wood, rise on 
 each side directly above the water. In the midst of 
 this defile, the LifFey pours the whole gathering of its 
 current over a wide ledge of rocks, and under the 
 fragment of a bridge that greatly adds to the pic- 
 turesque effect. The rush of water is generally abun- 
 dant; and its fretted, roaring, foamy, progress, at the 
 foot of the venerable towers of Leixlip Castle, and 
 through the scattered rocks, that succeed the fall and 
 prolong the agitation of its course, is freely traced from 
 a narrow and steep pathway that runs along the brow 
 of the bank at the Dublin side of the river ” 
 
 We now conduct the visitor to the northern suburbs 
 of the city. Proceeding by Phibsboro’-bridge and 
 turning to the right, he will soon arrive at the entrance 
 to the Glasnevin Cemetery, which contains about ten 
 acres of land, tastefully laid out with gravel-walks and 
 planted with various kinds of shrubs and evergreens. 
 In the centre is the chapel where prayers are said for 
 the souls of the dead about to be interred. There are 
 several monuments here, especially that erected to the 
 memory of the celebrated patriot, Daniel O’Connell, Esq., 
 which resembles very closely one of the ancient Round 
 Towers to be seen in various places in Ireland. There 
 is also a monument here to the memory of the cele- 
 brated John Philpot Curran. Immediately adjoining 
 the Cemetery on the north are the Botanic Gardens of 
 the Royal Dublin Society , occupying an erea of thirty 
 acres of ground which is laid out with the greatest skill, 
 and containing, almost every known species of flowers, 
 shrubs, trees, and plants, classified, with a beautiful col- 
 lection of exotics preserved in glass-houses. The 
 beauty of these Gardens is greatly increased by a sheet 
 
102 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 of water of irregular breadth, obtained by an excava- 
 tion in the bank of the river Tolka, measuring about 
 600 feet long and lying at the foot of a sloping 
 bank in the northern extremity. On the grounds now 
 occupied by these Gardens once stood the demesne of 
 Thomas Tickell the Poet and companion of Addison, 
 who attended the Marquis of Wharton as Secretary in 
 his appointment as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, in 1709. 
 In passing through the village of Glasnevin, and turn- 
 ing to the right the visitor will after a short distance 
 be conducted by a road on the left hand to Claremont , 
 the National Deaf and Dumb Institution , which is 
 delightfully situated in a demesne of about twenty 
 acres. This valuable and truly national Institution was 
 established through the exertions of Dr. Charles Orpen, 
 who by his lectures raised a sufficient sum of money to 
 enable him to procure this delightful residence for a 
 very destitute, and, until the above period, neglected 
 pertion of our fellow beings. In the Institute which is 
 open to the public from ten to two o’clock on Wednes- 
 day, there are generally about 100 pupils who are com- 
 fortably kept and instructed m reading, writing, arith- 
 metic, and especially in the Scriptures, and whose 
 answers to the questions of visitors are very frequently 
 more than ordinarily intelligent. Turning to the northern 
 suburbs, and passing through Summer-hill, and thence 
 bv Ballybough Bridge, along the Strand, the visitor 
 will soon arrive at Clontarf a neat watering place, 
 celebrated as the battle-ground on which the brave 
 King, Brien Boru defeated the Danes in 1014, but was 
 himself slain after his victory over those cruel and bar- 
 barous intruders. Here also is situated Merino, the re- 
 sidence of the Earl of Charlemont, and a little further 
 on is Clontarf Castle, which has been recently beautified 
 and fitted out as the residence of John Vernor, Esq., its 
 present proprietor. From this a return may be made 
 
HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN, 
 
 103 
 
 to town by Omnibus, the fare to the General Post Office 
 being three pence. 
 
 About seven miles on the northern side of the Bay 
 is the Town of Howth. 
 
 Having pointed the Tourist’s attention to the northern 
 Suburbs, we now conduct him to the more beautiful 
 districts of the South, and in doing so we recommend 
 him to proceed by Car, or better still, on the outside of 
 one of the Omnibusses which start from the Pillar in 
 Sackville Street for Rathmines. Along this route he 
 will again have a fine view of the Bank of Ireland, the 
 College, Stephen’s Green, and the Wicklow Railway 
 Station, in Harcourt Street, which is terminated by the 
 Circular Road, on which, about a quarter of a mile to 
 the west is situated the Richmond Bridewell, wherein 
 the late Mr. O’Connell, with several of.his friends, con- 
 victed at the State trials in 1843, were imprisoned, until 
 discharged upon a reversal of the sentence by the house 
 of Lords. Crossing the Circular Road, and arriving at 
 Portobello Bridge, some views of great beauty are ob- 
 tained, looking westward, along the canal, which is 
 lined with fine" Elms, having on its northren bank the 
 Portobello Gardens, and on the south the Artillery 
 Barracks, a beautiful view presents itself, and on the 
 South in the distance the Dublin Mountains presents 
 a scene of very rare grandeur, which cannot fail to 
 command the admiration of the lovers of fine scenery. 
 
 Continuing Southwards as far as Rathgar, another 
 fine view is obtained of the Dublin Mountains, and at 
 the top of this Road, a new, varied, and perhaps still 
 more pleasing scene will present itself. Continuing to 
 the end of the Omnibus’s journey at Roundtown, the 
 Tourist will find many beautiful localities, where, if 
 time permits he may spend a few hours. Within about 
 ten minutes walk to the north of Roundtown, is Mount 
 Jerome Cemetery , established by the General Cemetery 
 
104 
 
 HANDBOOK OF DUBLIN. 
 
 Company of Ireland, with a capital of 12,000, raised by 
 shares of £10 each. This Cemetery occupies an area of 
 nearly 2 7 acres. The grounds, which formerly formed 
 the demense of a private gentleman, are naturally beau- 
 tiful, having nothing of the shrubbery flower garden, 
 or gravel w T alk feature of the other cemeteries, but are 
 traversed by noble avenues of forest trees the growth of 
 ages. At the entrance to the Cemetery is a handsome 
 church erected by private subscription for the accommo- 
 dation of the residents in the neighbourhood.— Adjoin- 
 ing is Harold’s Cross Green, within the Manor of the 
 Archbishop of Dublin, where felons, convicted in u his 
 Lordship's Court of St. Sepulchre in olden times were 
 deprived of life. Turning to the left from Roundtown, 
 the Tourist will, in a few minutes, pass over Rathfarm- 
 ham Bridge, where the scenery on either side is very 
 beautiful ; and, passing Ely demesne now the residence 
 of the Right Hon. Fras. Blackburne, a very pleasing 
 walk may be had by the river side to Miltown or Clon- 
 skeagh, from either of which places a return may be 
 made to town by Railway or Omnibus. 
 
INDEX 
 
 Aldborough House 
 
 . . « 
 
 ... 
 
 
 19 
 
 Ann’s Church 
 
 ... 
 
 
 
 78 
 
 Bethesda 
 
 
 ... 
 
 .. . 
 
 23 
 
 Birthplace of SHERIDAN 
 
 
 
 
 23 
 
 Broad Stone Station 
 
 ... 
 
 
 
 25 
 
 Birthplace of EDMUND BURKE ... 
 
 ... 
 
 
 
 30 
 
 Birthplace of MOORE 
 
 
 
 
 72 
 
 Birthplace of WELLINGTON 
 
 
 ... 
 
 
 91 
 
 Blue Coat Hospital 
 
 ... 
 
 
 
 32 
 
 Bloody Bridge ... 
 
 ... 
 
 
 
 33 
 
 Bank of Ireland ... 
 
 ... 
 
 
 
 41 
 
 Birthplace of Dean Swift ... 
 
 
 ... 
 
 
 57 
 
 Cabs, Cars, and Omnibuses 
 
 
 ... 
 
 
 5 
 
 Carlisle Bridge ... 
 
 
 
 ... 
 
 9 
 
 Capital of Ireland 
 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 Castle, The 
 
 ... 
 
 ... 
 
 
 54 
 
 Custom House ... 
 
 
 ... 
 
 ... . 
 
 16 
 
 Catherine’s Church 
 
 
 
 
 40 
 
 Chamber of Commerce 
 
 ... 
 
 
 
 49 
 
 City Hall 
 
 
 
 
 50 
 
 Christ Church Cathedral ... 
 
 
 ... 
 
 
 60 
 
 Drogheda Railway Terminus 
 
 
 
 
 18 
 
 Dublin Female Penitentiary 
 
 
 ... 
 
 
 21 
 
 Dublin Library ... 
 
 
 
 
 96 
 
 Equestrian Statue of King William 1 1 1. 
 
 
 ... 
 
 
 46 
 
 Environs 
 
 
 
 
 96 
 
 Free Church 
 
 
 
 
 19 
 
 Four Courts 
 
 
 
 
 27 
 
 Fishamble-street 
 
 
 
 
 57 
 
 Fitz william Square 
 
 
 
 ... 
 
 92 
 
 Guide to the City of Dublin 
 
 
 
 
 8 
 
 General Post Office 
 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 George’s Church 
 
 ... 
 
 ... 
 
 
 20 
 
 Hibernian Bank ... 
 
 
 
 ... 
 
 53 
 
 Harcourt-street Station 
 
 
 ... 
 
 
 74 
 
 Irish Church Missions 
 
 
 
 ... 
 
 95 
 
 Jesuit’s Chapel ... 
 
 
 
 ... 
 
 20 
 
 James’s Church ... 
 
 
 
 
 39 
 
 Kingstown 
 
 ... 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 King’s Bridge Station 
 
 
 
 
 37 
 
 Kildare Club House 
 
 
 ... 
 
 
 78 
 
 Kingstown Railway 
 
 
 
 
 93 
 
 La Touche’s Bank 
 
 
 ... 
 
 
 53 
 
 Metropolitan Hall 
 
 
 ... 
 
 
 15 
 
iv 
 
 Mountjoy Square 
 
 ... 
 
 ... 
 
 ... 
 
 20 
 
 Mountjoy Convict Prison ... 
 Mary’s Chapel of Ease 
 Michan’s Church 
 
 ... 
 
 ... 
 
 
 22 
 
 ... 
 
 
 
 23 
 
 ... 
 
 ... 
 
 
 26 
 
 Mrs. Heman’s late Residence 
 
 . . . 
 
 
 
 75 
 
 Messrs. Guinness and Co.’s Brewery 
 
 ... 
 
 .... 
 
 
 40 
 
 Moore’s Monument 
 
 
 ... 
 
 
 46 
 
 Mathias’s Church 
 
 ... 
 
 ... 
 
 ... 
 
 74 
 
 Museum of Irish Industry 
 
 . . . 
 
 
 
 75 
 
 Mansion House ... 
 
 ... 
 
 ... 
 
 
 75 
 
 Merrion Square ... 
 
 ... 
 
 
 
 92 
 
 Mark’s Church ... 
 
 ... 
 
 
 
 94 
 
 North and South Sides 
 
 ... 
 
 
 ... 
 
 9 
 
 Nelson’s Monument 
 
 ... 
 
 ... 
 
 ... 
 
 10 
 
 New Roman Catholic Chapel 
 
 . . . 
 
 .. . 
 
 
 24 
 
 National Bank ... 
 
 
 
 
 49 
 
 National Education Offices 
 
 
 ... 
 
 
 15 
 
 Preface 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Phoenix Park 
 
 
 
 
 34 
 
 Presbyterian Chapel, Ormond Quay 
 
 
 
 
 41 
 
 Patrick’s Cathedral 
 
 ... 
 
 ... 
 
 
 67 
 
 Presbyterian Chapel, Adelaide Road 
 
 
 
 ... 
 
 74 
 
 Queen’s Inn’s 
 Queen’s Bridge ... 
 
 
 
 
 24 
 
 
 ... 
 
 ... 
 
 32 
 
 Queen’s Theatre .. . 
 
 
 
 ... 
 
 94 
 
 Rotundo and Lying-in Hospital 
 
 
 ... 
 
 ... 
 
 11 
 
 Roman Catholic Cathedral 
 
 
 ... 
 
 ... 
 
 14 
 
 Royal Hibernian Academy 
 
 
 
 
 16 
 
 Royal Military Infirmary 
 
 
 
 
 36 
 
 Royal Hospital ... 
 
 ... 
 
 
 
 38 
 
 Royal Bank 
 
 
 
 
 45 
 
 Royal College of Surgeons ... 
 
 
 
 
 73 
 
 Royal Irish Academy 
 
 ... 
 
 ... 
 
 ... 
 
 76 
 
 Royal Dublin Society 
 
 
 
 
 78 
 
 Royal Barracks ... 
 
 
 
 ... 
 
 33 
 
 Richmond Bridge 
 
 
 ... 
 
 
 29 
 
 Sackville-street ... 
 
 
 ... 
 
 
 10 
 
 Stephen’s Hospital 
 
 
 
 
 37 
 
 Swift’s Lunatic Hospital ... 
 
 
 
 
 37 
 
 Society of Ancient Concerts 
 Stephen’s Church 
 
 .. 
 
 
 . . 
 
 93 
 
 
 
 
 92 
 
 Stephen’s Green ... 
 Theatre Royal ... 
 Thomas’s Church 
 
 
 
 
 72 
 
 ... 
 
 
 
 94 
 
 
 
 
 13 
 
 Trinity College ... 
 
 
 ... 
 
 
 46 
 
 \Y T hith worth Bridge 
 
 
 
 ... 
 
 29 
 
 Wesleyan Methodist Chapel 
 
 
 
 ... 
 
 33 
 
 Wellington Testimonial 
 
 
 
 
 34 
 
 Werburgh’s Church 
 
 ... 
 
 
 ... 
 
 57 
 
THE 
 
 GRESHAM HOTEL, 
 
 SACIvVILLE STREET, 
 
 DUBLIN. 
 
 The Nobility and Gentry are respectfully informed 
 that “ The Gresham” continues to be replete with every 
 comfort requisite for their accommodation. 
 
 The Coffee Room for Gentlemen is equal to that of 
 a first-rate club-house. 
 
 The family Hotel has a distinct entrance, &c., and is 
 calculated to ensure all the comfort of a private resi- 
 dence. 
 
 The situation and extent of this establishment confer 
 upon it peculiar advantages. 
 
 All the Charges continue upon the same scale as 
 that which has secured a continuance of public patron- 
 age. 
 
 HOT, COLD, & SHOWER BATHS, 
 
 ALSO A 
 
 NIGHT PORTER IN ATTENDANCE. 
 
 The Establishment is kept open for the accommodation 
 of Visitors arriving by the Express Boats. 
 
 ON PARLE FRANCAIS. 
 
 F 
 
GEORGE CHARLE8 BETTS & CO. 
 
 Respectfully invite attention to tlie following, which 
 they place before their customers with confidence : — 
 
 WINES. 
 
 Clarets suitable for the season ... 20s. 22s. per dozen. 
 
 Sherries, Pale 22s. 26s. 30s. „ 
 
 Ditto, Golden 22s. 26s. 30s. „ 
 
 Old Port, Fresh Bottled 26s. 30s. „ 
 
 BLACK TEAS. 
 
 Sound Congou 2s. 6d., 2s. 8d., 2s. lOd. F lb 
 
 Medium Qualities 3s. 3d., 3s. 4d. „ 
 
 First-class Medium to Fine 3s. 6d. ,, 
 
 OUR BEST and HIGHEST PRICE 3s. 8d. „ 
 
 COFFEE ROASTED DAILY. 
 
 Pure Coffees ... . Is. 10d., Is. 8d., Is. 4d. F lb 
 
 Mixed with Chicory Is. 8d., Is. 4d., Is. Od. „ 
 
 GEO. CHARLES BETTS & CO. 
 
 DIRECT WINE IMPORTERS, 
 fc JptyimttMtts & dtofM 
 
 THE TIMES TEA WAREHOUSE,! 
 
 30, HENRY STREET. 
 
CORPORATION OF THE 
 
 Jtaiimml Jissuranq (Eompng a| Jrdmut, 
 
 FOUNDED 182 2. 
 
 CAPITAL — ONE MILLION STERLING. 
 
 FOR FIRE, LIFE, & RSARffJE ASSURANCE. 
 
 HEAD OFFICE, No. 3, COLLEGE GREEN, DUBLIN, 
 
 DIRECTORS. 
 
 John Barlow, Esq., J. P., Director of the Bank of Ireland, Chairman of the Dublin 
 and Belfast Railway Company. 
 
 Samuel Bkwlby, Esq., Merchant. 
 
 Robert Callwell, Esq., Merchant. 
 
 Thomas Crosthwait, Esq., J.P., Director of the Bank of Ireland, President of the 
 Chamber of Commerce. 
 
 Alexander J. Ferrier, Esq., Merchant. 
 
 Lundy E. Foot, Esq., Director of the Bank of Ireland. 
 
 John P. Hardy, Esq., Director of the Bank of Ireland. 
 
 William Hogg, Esq., Director of the Bank of Ireland. 
 
 Nathaniel Hone, Esq., Director of Bank of Ireland, & of Mid. Gt. West. Railway Co. 
 Thomas L. Kelly, Esq., J. P., Director of the Bank of Ireland. 
 
 Charles Leslie, Esq., Merchant. 
 
 Colonel David C. La Touche, J. P. and D. L. 
 
 Wm. Diggks La Touche, Esq, J. P. and D. L , Banker, Director of the Dublin and 
 Belfast Junction Railway Company, and Chairman of the Grand Canal Company. 
 RrCHAKD Manders, Esq., J. P. 
 
 Hugh O’Connor, Esq., Merchant. 
 
 Thomas Pim, Esq., Merchant. 
 
 George Pim, Esq., J. P., Director of the Great Southern and Western, and Dublin 
 and Kingstown Railway Companies. 
 
 George Roe, Esq., J. P. and D. L., Director of the Dublin and Kingstown Railway Co. 
 Patrick Sweetman, Esq., Brewer. 
 
 Henry Thompson, Esq., Merchant. 
 
 LIFE DEPARTMENT— DECLARATION OF BONUS. 
 
 The Directors having had a careful investigation made into the Life Business of 
 the Company for the first septennial period since the adoption of the Bonus system 
 ended 31st December, 1857, have the gratification of stating that the result has been 
 highly satisfactory, as will he seen by the following 
 
 EXAMPLES : — 
 
 Date of Policy. 
 
 Age. 
 
 Amount Insured. 
 
 Annual Prem. 
 
 Bonus added. 
 
 1851 
 
 .. 58 . 
 
 £500 
 
 .. £32 5 0 
 
 £86 0 0 
 
 1852 
 
 .. 50 , 
 
 3000 
 
 136 2 6 
 
 407 0 0 
 
 1853 
 
 .. 40 , 
 
 1000 
 
 32 18 4 
 
 97 0 0 
 
 1854 
 
 
 COO 
 
 ,. 32 11 0 
 
 50 0 0 
 
 1855 
 
 .. 57 . 
 
 
 . 29 9 2 
 
 29 0 0 
 
 At the option of the Assured the Bonus may be commuted for a reduction in the 
 Annual Premium, or a payment in money. 
 
 No charge for Life Policy Stamps , and THIRTY DAYS allowed for renewing Life 
 Policies. 
 
Loans advanced on Unincumbered Policies to the full amount of their official 
 value. 
 
 Annuities granted— Immediate or Reversionary. 
 
 Fire Insurance effected at the lowest rates. 
 
 Marine Insurance at Current Premiums; losses adjusted on the most liberal 
 principles of Indemnity, and paid without discount or deduction. 
 
 The paramount object in Assurance is Security ; and the Directors refer with 
 confidence to the magnitude of that afforded by this native establishment. Its 
 ample capital, large accumulations, and a numerous and wealthy Proprietary, com- 
 bine an amount of security to the Public not surpassed by any similar Institution in 
 the Empire. 
 
 Office Hours from Ten to Five o’cloek ; and a Committee of Directors sit daily 
 from Two to Three o'clock, for the purpose of deciding on Proposals for Insurance. 
 
 JOSEPH TODHUNTER, Secretary . 
 
 AGENTS. 
 
 Belfast —Henry Nichol. 
 
 Clonmel — William Davis. 
 
 Cork — Osborne R. Bergin. 
 
 ,, Joseph E. Tracy. 
 Dungannon — R. Simpson and Co. 
 Galway — James J. Fynn. 
 
 Limerick— William Carroll. 
 Monaghan — Francis Adams. 
 Newry — William B. Glenny. 
 Tralee— John Busteed. 
 Waterford— Arthur Mason. 
 
 GEORGE MACDONA & COMPANY, 
 
 32, MOLESWORTH STREET, 
 
 Solicits the favour of a visit and inspection of their 
 very extensive stock of the 
 
 NEWEST & FINEST FABRICS & DESIGNS. 
 
 The position of our house as the largest 
 
 FIRST CLASS TAILORING ESTABLISHMENT 
 
 in Ireland is a guarantee of every excellence. 
 
 AGENTS FOR 
 
 Messrs. H.[J, & D. NICOLL’S (of London) Patent Clothing, 
 
 and the only house in Ireland keeping a large stock of 
 the finest 
 
 GARMENTS FOR IMMEDIATE USE. 
 
fopt (B-xrhanjK ^ssapnce Corpption, 
 
 FOR 
 
 FIRE, LIFE & MARINE ASSURANCES, & FOR ANKUITIIS 
 
 ESTABLISHED A. D. 1720, 
 
 By Charter of King George L, and confirmed by Special Acts of Parliament 
 
 Chief Office, Royal Exchange, London: Branch, 29, Pall-Mall; and 
 8, WESTMORLAND STREET, DUBLIN. 
 
 Fire, Life, and Marine Assurances may be effected with this Corporation 
 
 on advantageous terms. . . . . n . 
 
 Life Assurances are granted with or without participation in Profits, in 
 
 the latter case at reduced rates of Premium. - 
 
 The following Table shows the large BONUSES declared up to the olst 
 December, 1860, on Policies of Nineteen Years’ standing, for the sum of 
 £1,000 each : — 
 
 Age when 
 Assured. 
 
 Sum Assured. 
 
 Bonus added. 
 
 Reduction of Premium for 
 the rest of life. 
 
 
 £ 
 
 £ 
 
 £ s. 
 
 d. 
 
 30 
 
 1000 
 
 240 
 
 8 3 
 
 7 
 
 35 
 
 1000 
 
 249 
 
 9 18 
 
 3 
 
 40 
 
 1000 
 
 264 
 
 12 7 
 
 6 
 
 45 
 
 1000 
 
 284 
 
 15 17 
 
 0 
 
 50 
 
 1000 
 
 314 
 
 21 4 
 
 4 
 
 65 
 
 1000 
 
 348 
 
 29 9 
 
 0 
 
 60 
 
 1000 
 
 396 
 
 43 10 
 
 8 
 
 65 
 
 1000 
 
 472 
 
 71 17 
 
 2 
 
 Divisions of Profits will take place every Five years. 
 
 The expense of Management, being divided between the different branches, 
 are spread over a larger amount of business than that transacted by any 
 other office. The charge upon each policy is thereby reduced to a sum so 
 small as to account for the magnitude of the bonus which has been declared, 
 and to afford a probability that a similar rate will be sustained at all future 
 
 divisions. # 
 
 This Corporation affords to the assured a liberal participation in 1 rofits, 
 with exemption from the liabilites of Partnership; a rate of Bonus equal 
 to the average returns of Mutual Societies, with the guarantee of a huge 
 invested Capital Stock ; the advantages of modern practice, with the 
 security of an office whose resources have been tested by the experience of 
 nearly a century and a-half. 
 
 In the case of Death occurring during the Thirty Days allowed for 1 ay- 
 ment of a Life Premium, and before such payment has been made, the 
 Corporation hold themselves liable under the Policy, provided the 1 rcmium 
 be subsequently paid on or before the r J hirtieth Day from that upon which 
 it became due. 
 
 THOMAS THOU TON, Agent, 
 
 8. WESTMORLAND STREET, DUBLIN 
 
CHURCH OF ENGLAND 
 
 LIFE AND FIRE ASSURANCE INSTITUTION 
 
 HEAD OFFICE, 5, LOTHBURY, LONDON. 
 
 ESTABLISHED 1840, AND EMPOWERED BY SPECIAL ACT OF 
 PARLIAMENT, 4 & 5 VICT., CAP. 92. 
 
 SUBSCRIBED CAPITAL, ONE MILLION. 
 
 A List of the Proprietors periodically enrolled in the High Court of Chancery . 
 
 LIFE. 
 
 This Institution adopts both the Proprietary and Mutual systems of Life 
 Assurance, and the Policy Holders in both branches are fully protected by 
 the large Subscribed Capital of the Company. The rates of Premium are 
 reduced in all cases as far as is compatible with stability, and especially favo- 
 rable for young and middle-aged lives. 
 
 In the Mutual Branch of this Institution, the Policy Holders are entitled 
 to the Entire Profits of the Branch, thus enjoying all the advantages of a 
 strictly Mutual Assurance Society, together with the security of an ample 
 Proprietary Capital. 
 
 In the Proprietary Branch, Assurances may be effected in a great variety 
 of ways, to suit the circumstances and convenience of the Assured. Among 
 others, where the Policy is made payable “ on the Assured attaining a fixed 
 age, or at death , if that event should happen previously,” is particularly 
 deserving of attention. 
 
 FIRE. 
 
 Premiums for Assurance against Fire are charged at the usual rates, with 
 a reduction of £10 per cent on the RESIDENCES AND FURNITURE OF 
 CLERGYMEN AND SCHOOLMASTERS, and the BUILDINGS AND 
 CONTENTS OF CHURCHES AND CHURCH SCHOOLS. 
 
 Prospectuses, the necessary Forms, and every requisite information for 
 effecting Assurances, may be obtained on application at the Head Office, as 
 above, or to the undermentioned Agent of the Company. 
 
 WM. EMMENS, Manager . 
 
 MURDOCK GREEN, 52, Lower Sackville-street, Dublin. 
 
 *** The Rates of Premium charged by this Institution for residence in 
 India, the Cape of Good Hope, and Australia (where the Company has 
 Branches,) are peculiarly favourable to Assurers. 
 
THE 
 
 jpati-ioKc ^ssurarup djontpang of Jrelnnd, 
 
 ESTABLISHED 1824. 
 
 CAPITAL— ONE MILLION AND A HALF STERLING, 
 
 HEAD OFFICE, 9, COLLEGE GREEN, DUBLIN. 
 
 DIRECTORS. 
 
 EDWARD BARRINGTON, Esq., Director of Dublin and Wicklow Railway Company. 
 JOHN BARTON, Esq., Director of the Bank of Ireland. 
 
 WILLIAM H. F. COGAN, Esq., M. F. 
 
 JOSEPH COWPER, Esq., Director of the Royal Bank of Ireland, and of the Midland 
 Great Western, and Dublin and Wicklow Railway Companies. 
 
 JEREMIAH DUNNE, Esq., J. P., Director of the National Bank of Ireland. 
 
 JOHN ENNIS, Esq., D.L., M.P., Director of the Bank of Ireland, and Chairman of 
 the Midland Great Western Railway Company. 
 
 WILLIAM MOORE GEOGHEGAN, Esq., Director of the City of Dub. Steam Pkt. Co. 
 EDWARD ACTON GIBBON, Esq., Director of the Mining Company of Ireland. 
 CHARLES HALIDAY, Esq., Director of the Bank of Ireland. 
 
 JAMES HAUGHTON, Esq., Eccles-street. 
 
 GEORGE HOiTE, Esq., J.P., Director of Dublin and Belfast Junction, and Dublin 
 and Drogheda Railway Companies. 
 
 VAL. O’BRIEN O’CONNOR, Esq., Director of the Royal Bank of Ireland, and of the 
 Great Southern and Western Railway Company. 
 
 RICHARD O'GORMAN, Esq., Director of the Mining Company of Ireland. 
 
 SIR JAMES POWER, Bart. 
 
 JOSEPH WATKINS, Esq., Brewer, Ardee-street, Warrenmount and Bray. 
 
 JOSHUA WATSON, Esq., Director of the Royal Bank of Ireland, and of the Mid- 
 land Great Western Railway Company. 
 
 Sccretaro to tfje (ffoinpanj) — JAMES MONCRIEFF WILSON, ESQ. 
 assistant £eetetar])— WM. J. handcock, esq. 
 
 In Assurance Transactions what ought to be sought beyond everything 
 else by the Assured is absolute security. 
 
 Among the many advantages offered by the PATRIOTIC ASSURANCE 
 COMPANY OF IRELAND, may be enumerated 
 The Security afforded by a Capital of One Million Five Hundred Thousand 
 Pounds, and the solidity resulting from an experience extending over Thirty-six 
 Years, during which period upwards of £400,000 have been paid in satisfaction of 
 claims. 
 
 LIFE DEPARTMENT. 
 
 The Rates of Premium have lately undergone careful revision, and are all com- 
 puted expressly for the use of this Company, from the most approved observations 
 on the duration of Human Life. The Tables will bear comparison with those of 
 other societies ; and they are at the same time so graduated, that no insurer is 
 favoured at the expense of another. No entry money is charged. 
 
 LOANS. 
 
 Loans advanced on approved personal security, in conjunction with Life Policies 
 without Money Bond or Warrant being required. 
 
 FIRE DEPARTMENT. 
 
 Property of almost every description may be Insured by the payment of a small 
 Annual Premium, and risks involving more than ordinary hazard are moderately 
 
 rated. 
 
 FIRE POLICIES 
 
 Are Transferred from other offices free of Expense. 
 
 Copies of the Tables of Rates ^ and of the large Prospectus , may be had gratis on 
 application at any nf the Corny any' s Offices or Agencies. 
 
©fuf 4i nc # ©nmm^nlitt Jd[t (Exhibition. 
 
 IRISH BOG OAK ORNAMENTS. 
 
 CORNELIUS GOGGIN, 
 
 HER MAJESTY’S BOG OAK CARVER, 
 
 13, NASSAU STREET, DUBLIN, 
 
 Respectfully invites an inspection at his manufactory, 
 13, NASSAU STREET, 
 
 of Duplicates of his Exhibition Gems, being true copies 
 of the Irish antiques of rare and exquisite beauty, 
 which will be found on inspection to maintain that 
 great celebrity which his house has attained. 
 
 Please to observe the Name and Address , 
 
 CORNELIUS GOGGIN, 
 
 13, NASSAU STREET. 
 
M’BIRNEY, COLLIS & CO. 
 
 IN ADDITION TO THE 
 
 largest (Sendai ^tasji of <Jjtr L 8t-fto linens in 
 Jutland, 
 
 RESPECTFULLY INVITE ATTENTION TO THEIR 
 
 NEW GOODS FOR JUNE, 
 
 CONSISTING OF THE LATEST 
 
 PARIS NOVELTIES IN RICH FRENCH SILKS, FOULARDS, 
 
 &C. 
 
 SPECIMENS IN THE EXHIBITION, CLASS 50. 
 
 FRENCH FILLED SHAWLS, GRENADINE &, CREPE DO, 
 
 SPECIMENS IN THE EXHIBITION, 
 
 BONNET RIBBONS, NECK & SASH DO. 
 
 SPECIMENS IN THE EXHIBITION, 
 
 mmm w mm, mis® lack, 
 
 &c. 
 
 SPECIMENS IN THE EXHIBITION. 
 
 CARPETS AND WINDOW CURTAINS, 
 
 SPECIMENS IN THE EXHIBITION. 
 
 DAMASK TABLE LINEN, IRISH CAMBRIC, <fcc. 
 
 SPECIMENS IN THE EXHIBITION. 
 
 READY MADE CLOTHING, BOYS’ SUITS., &c. 
 
 SPECIMENS IN THE EXHIBITION. 
 
 In addition to the above display of NEW FABRICS, M’B. C. & CO. 
 are selling large and varied lots of First-class Goods at greatly reduced 
 prices. 
 
 HIBERNIAN HOUSE 
 
 ASTONS’ GUAY. 
 
IRISH BOG OAK ORNAMENTS. 
 
 HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN has been graciously pleased 
 to appoint 
 
 JEREMIAH HOGGIN, 
 
 Grafton-street, 
 
 BOG OAK CARVER IN ORDINARY TO HER MAJESTY 
 
 AND 
 
 THE ROYAL FAMILY. 
 
 PRIZE MEDAL. PRIZE MEDAL. 
 
 J. Goggin, in gratefully acknowledging the Royal favour, begs 
 respectfully to return to the Nobility and Gentry his best 
 thanks for the liberal support accorded to him these many 
 years, and particularly for the renewal of their unaltered confi- 
 dence since the opening of his New Establishment, 74, Grafton- 
 
 An inspection of duplicates of the collection purchased by 
 Her Majesty and the Royal Children on the recent occasion 
 of their visit to Ireland, will amply repay the trouble of 
 examining these beautiful National Gems at the Factory, 
 
 74, GRAFTON-STREET, 
 
 OR AT 
 
 THE EXHIBITION OF ARTS AND MANUFACTURES, 
 ROYAL DUBLIN SOCIETY, 
 
 STALL, NO. 175, NORTH GALLERY, 
 
 JEREMIAH GOGGIN, MANUFACTURER, 
 
 The Queen's Special Carver. 
 
REYNOLDS’ HOTEL, 
 
 11 & 12, UPPER SACKYILLE STREET, 
 
 DUBLIN. 
 
 The Sitting Rooms and Coffee Room of this Hotel being all 
 front, and its situation in the best part of 
 
 SACKVILLE STREET, 
 
 combine to render it peculiarly adapted for the accommodation 
 of Tourists. 
 
 A FIRST CLASS TABLE D’HOTE 
 
 is provided during the Summer Months. “ ON PARLE 
 FRANCAISE.” 
 
 THE VERDON HOTEL, 
 
 35, 36, 37, and 38, TALBOT STREET, DUBLIN. 
 GEORGE DINGWALL, Proprietor. 
 
 THE VERDON is within ten doors of the Belfast and Dublin Railway Ter- 
 minus, and three minutes walk of Sackville-street and the General Post Office. 
 It is well known to be one of the largest and most comfortably fitted up 
 Hotels in the City, affording every inducement to Families and Tourists that 
 a first class Hotel can give, upon the most reasonable terms. 
 
 HOT and COLD BATHS, PLEASURE GROUNDS, in the rere of the Hotel. 
 P.S. — Uotel for Night , Is. 6d . ; all Servants , Is. 
 
 FREDERICK H. JUDGE, 
 
 Uterrirnni CloIIit^r, 
 
 MANY YEARS MANAGER FOR MR. GEO. MACDONA, 
 FORMER PROPRIETOR OF 32, MOLESWORTH-ST. 
 
 3, WICKLOW STREET, 
 
 THREE DOORS FROM GRAFTON-STREET. 
 
THE 
 
 ROYAL DUBLIN SOCIETY'S 
 
 EXHIBITION 
 
 OF THE 
 
 rbi tm a ©laanam art. 
 
 1861 , 
 
 IS OPEN EVERY DAY AT ONE SHILLING, 
 
 From 10 o'clock a.m to 6 o'clock p.m. 
 
 AND ON TI1E 
 
 EVEN5NGS OF MONDAY, WEDNESDAY, AND FRIDAY, 
 
 From 8 to 10 J o'clock , p.m . 
 
 ADMISSION, ONE SHILLING. 
 
 THE BUILDING IS BRILLIANTLY ILLUMINATED AT NIGHT. 
 
 SEASON TICKETS, to admit whenever the Exhibition shall 
 be open, are Sold at the following rates : — 
 
 Gentleman’s (Buff) 
 Lady’s (Blue) 
 Child’s (Pink) - 
 
 s. d. 
 12 6 
 7 6 
 5 0 
 
 Shilling Tickets for presentation are also on Sale. 
 
 There is a Musical Performance every day and evening, either 
 by a Military Band, Mr. Levy’s Orchester, or on the Organ, at 
 which Dr. Stewart and Mr. Torrance preside. 
 
 The Official Catalogue, Second Edition, is sold in the build- 
 ing, price One Shilling. 
 
 By Order, 
 
 HENRY PARKINSON, 
 
 22 nd July, 1861. 
 
 Secretary to the Committee • 
 
LAKES OF KILLARNEY. 
 
 THE LAKE HOTEL,’ CASTLELOUGH 
 
 (late cotter’s), 
 
 JAMES COFFEE, Proprietor. 
 
 I T is essential to apprize Tourists, that there is, at Killarney, but ONE 
 ESTABLISHMENT called “THE LAKE HOTEL” 
 
 It is situate in the Bay of Castlelough, on the Eastern shore of the 
 Lower Lake, in the centre of the varied scenery of the Lakes, and 
 within ten minutes’ drive of the Railway Station. 
 
 It accommodates ONE HUNDRED persons. 
 
 FORTY of the BED-ROOMS and SITTING-ROOMS/ace the Lake., 
 The Waters of the Lake approach the Hall- door, and hence the 
 distinctive title of “ THE LAKE HOTEL.” 
 
 Boats and V chicles of every description supplied at fixed moder- 
 ate charges. 
 
 No Gratuities allowed to Boatmen, Drivers, &e., as they are paid am- 
 ple wages by the proprietor. 
 
 THE LAKE HOTEL OMNIBUS attends the arrival of and de- 
 parture of the Trains. 
 
 N.B. — To prevent mistake, or misdirection , Visitors would do well, 
 on the arrival at the Killarney Station, to inquire for “ THE LAKE 
 HOTEL” Porter , and see that the Omnibus which conveys them bears 
 the name “ J. COFFEE.” 
 
 Notices of the Press — (from Bradshaw's “ Tourists' Hand Book."y 
 
 “ In point of situation, that of 4 THE LAKE HOTEL’ is, beyond 
 “ question, the very best in the Lakes of Killarney. It occupies the 
 “ centre of the circle described by the great mountain ranges of 
 u Mangerton, Tore, Eagle’s Nest, Purple Mountain, Glena, Tomies, 
 “ Dunlo Gap, and Carranthual, and concentrates in one view all 
 “ that is graceful picturesque, and sublime, in the scenery of Killarney.”— • 
 BRADSHAW’S “ TOURIST’S HAND BOOK.”— page 382. 
 
CAMBRIDGE HOUSE, 
 
 56, MOUNT PLEASANT, LIVERPOOL. 
 
 L ADIES, Gentlemen, and Families visiting Liverpool, and wishing for 
 the comforts of home, should seek the above first-class and com- 
 modious establishment. The apartments are lofty, well ventilated, and 
 of a superior description, combined with accommodation which cannot 
 fail to recommend itself strongly to public patronage. To render it 
 welcome alike to Visitors for long or short periods, the apartments can 
 be taken by the day (Jf preferred), to suit the convenience of all parties. 
 It is especially suited for Ladies and Gentlemen who prefer retirement 
 to the bustle of an hotel. Suites of Rooms can be secured on applica- 
 tion by letter (addressed to the Proprietor) or otherwise. The house, 
 though quiet and in the best part of the town, is most favourably situa- 
 ted, being near to St. George’s Hall, Lime Street Railway Station, 
 .Theatres, &c., and within seven minutes’ drive of the Landing Stages. 
 
 35, 36, 37 and 38, Talbot Street, 
 
 IDTOMSfo 
 
 GEORGE DINGWALL, Proprietor. 
 
 THE VERDON is within ten doors of the Belfast and Dublin Railway 
 Terminus, and three minutes walk of Sackville street and General Post 
 Ofiace. It is well known to be one of the largest and most comfortably 
 fited up Hotels in the City, affording every inducement to Families and 
 Tourists that a first class Hotel can give, upon the most reasonable 
 terms. 
 
 HOT and COLD BATHS, PLEASURE GROUNDS, in the rere of 
 the Hotel. 
 
 P.S. — Hotel for Night, Is. Gd. ; all Servants , Is. 
 

 
 
 
 
 ■ 
 
; 'a. '