973.7L63 CJ156L Jacobs, Warren Lincoln on the New Haven and the Boston &, Albany Railroads LINCOLN ROOM UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LIBRARY MEMORIAL the Class of 1901 founded by HARLAN HOYT HORNER and HENRIETTA CALHOUN HORNER I B O L L E T I N No. 33 THfi ^ fe I SOCIETY Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2012 with funding from University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign http://archive.org/details/lincolnonnewhaveOOjaco Boston & Providence R. R.. PLEASANT ST. STATION. Boston BULLETIN No. 33 Lincoln on the New Haven and Copyright 1934 Issued by The Railway and Locomotive Historical Society, Inc. Baker Library, Harvard Business School Boston, Massachusetts February 1934 Price for Members $1.00 Price for Non-members $2.00 Table of Contents Page Pennoyer Colored Prints 6 Part I — The Visit of 1848 7 Whig State Convention 9 Time Table Providence & Worcester Railroad 17 Time Table New Bedford & Taunton and Taunton Branch Rail- roads 18 Time Table Boston & Providence Railroad 19 Time Table Boston & Worcester Railroad 20 Time Table of Western Railroad 21 Part II — The Visit of I860 22 Notice of Excursion to Meriden 27 Notice of Excursion to Worcester 29 Meeting at Norwich, Conn 31 A Brief History of New England Roads on Which Lincoln Was a Passenger 38 Complete Lincoln Dates in New England on His Two Visits in 1848 and 1860 43 Itinerary of Abraham Lincoln's New England Trip of 1860 44 Time Table New York & New Haven R. R 45 Time Table New Haven, New London & Stonington Railroad 4 6 Time Table New York, Providence & Boston Railroad 46 Time Table Boston & Providence Railroad 47 Time Table Boston & Worcester Railroad 48 Time Table Western Railroad 49 Time Table Hartford & New Haven Railroad 50 Time Table New London Northern Railroad 50 Time Table Providence & Worcester Railroad 51 List of Officers, Engineers, Firemen, Conductors and Brakemen of the New York & New Haven Railroad in 1860 52 List of Roads Over Which Abraham Lincoln Traveled in 18 60 Which are Now the New York, New Haven & Hartford, Together With the Name of the Superintendent in 1860 54 Roads That are Now the Boston & Albany 54 Roads That are Now the Central Vermont 54 Cover Design 54 In Memoriam 55 Officers and Directors of the Railway and Locomotive Historical Society, Inc. Chas. E. Fisher, President 6 Orkney Road, Brookline, Mass. Edward Hungerford, Vice President 230 Park Ave., New York, N. Y. Warren Jacobs, Secretary South Station, Boston, Mass. Geo. P. Becker, Treasurer 96 Avon Hill St., Cambridge, Mass. J. W. Merrill, Director 40 Broad St., Boston, Mass. W. 0. Moody, Director 47 North Spring Ave., La Grange, 111. W. R. Fogg, Director 26 Monadnock St., Boston, Mass. Sidney Withington, Director 7 Briar Lane, New Haven, Ct. Arthur B. Nichols, Director Vice President, Boston & Maine R. R., Boston, Mass. G. W. Bishop, Resident European Director 12 Queen's Road, Kenilworth, Warwickshire, England D. L. Joslyn, Resident Western Director 2164 Castro Way, Sacramento, Calif. Prof. Edward C. Schmidt, Mid-Western Representative 905 West California Ave., Urbana, Illinois E. W. Young, Pacific Coast Representative 2727 Pierce St., San Francisco, Cal. Robert R. Brown, Eastern Canadian Representative 700 St. Catherine St.. West, Montreal, P. Q., Canada Norman Thompson, Western Canadian Representative Box No. 2004, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada D. S. Barrie, British Representative 24 Goldhurst Terrace, Hempstead, London, N. W. 6, England Thomas T. Taber, Traveling Representative 43 Hillcrest Road, Madison, N J. Carlton Parker, Exchange Manager 45 Warren St., Newton Center, Mass. The Railway and Locomotive Historical Society, INC. COMMITTEE IN CHARGE OF PUBLICATIONS Chas. E. Fisher, Editor 0. Kuhler, Art Editor W. J. Coughtry, Chairman, New York Committee W. A. Lucas R. C. Schmid Prof. E. C. Schmidt, Chairman, Mid-West Committee W. 0. Moody D. L. Joslyn, Chairman, Western Committee G. H. Kneiss S. F. Merritt S. H. Truitt Robert R. Brown, Chairman, Canadian Committee W. T. Comley J. H. Edgar John Loye W. M. Spriggs Norman Thompson G. W. Bishop, Chairman, Foreign Committee F. Achard E. Metzeltin E. Andre Schefer J. W. Smith From out of the Middle West, seventy years ago, there came one of the greatest men this country has ever produced — Abraham Lincoln. A man who was destined to play the role of the Savior of this Nation and whose life should be a constant inspiration to old and young to this very day. There have been many books written on the subject of Abraham Lincoln and we know today that he was a far greater man than he was believed to have been during his life time. Lincoln, in his speeches, had an unanswerable way of presenting his facts and of welding romance with pathos and fun with logic. On his journey from Norwich to New London, in 1860, the Rev. John P. Gulliver of Norwich, Connecticut rode with him and asked Lincoln if his education taught him this unusual way of putting things so clearly. Lincoln replied that the newspapers were correct when they stated he had never been to school more than six months in his whole life. He added that it used to irritate him when people talked to him in a fashion he could not understand. It became a passion with him to solve its meaning and then put it into words in such a way, as he thought, that any boy could understand. It was during his law studies that he learned the difference between demonstrate and reason. From the dictionary he learned that demonstrate meant — 'proof beyond all possibility of doubt.' He returned home from Springfield, took down his Euclid and stayed there until he could give any proposition in the six books at sight — then he returned to Springfield. He had learned the meaning of the word — demonstrate! These two things were no doubt the reasons for the clarity in his speeches. If ever there was a man in this country that was true to his principles — it was Abraham Lincoln. —5— In presenting this bulletin to our members the Society has no desire to enter into the causes of that great conflict in 1861, to praise or condone Lincoln for his speeches or his ideas. It is simply beyond our interests. Mr. John W. Starr, Jr. in his book — "Lincoln and the Railroads," gives but a very brief account of Lincoln's visits to New England. Whether the information was lacking or it was decided to be unimportant, we don't know. The book is one that should be of interest to every one of our members. Judge Elwin L. Page, in his book — "Abraham Lincoln in New Hampshire" could only make mention of Lincoln's visit to New England only as it affected New Hampshire. With a view of filling this gap, our Secretary, Warren Jacobs, had diligently searched for material relating to Lincoln's travels over the roads making up the present New Haven and Boston & Albany Railroads. This work, together with an article by James A. Crowley which appeared in the issue of the Boston & Maine Magazine, February, 1932, together with the two above mentioned books, completes in detail Lincoln's travels on our railroads. For the untiring efforts of Warren Jacobs, our Secretary, in bringing forth this information and putting it into shape, the Society and its members give him their deepest thanks. We hope our members will not only enjoy but appreciate this valuable contribu- tion to the man who has endeared himself in the hearts of all true Americans — Abraham Lincoln. THE PENNOYER COLORED PRINTS The attention of our members is again called to the set of colored prints which the Society has on sale to its members. The originals, from the talented brush of A. Sheldon Pennoyer, a member of this Society, were reproduced in "Fortune". A limited number of sets from these plates were made up for this Society. The set includes "Snowbound", a Crampton type of 1850 on the Camden & Amboy R. R.; the "Pioneer", built by Seth Wilmarth of Boston for the Cumberland Valley R. R. in 1851; an American Express train of the Seven- ties hauled by a Rogers locomotive and, through the kindness of the Delaware & Hudson R. R., we are able to include the "Stourbridge Lion", imported by that road from England in 1829. The "Pioneer" is 7x11 in size, the other three prints are SY^xlQYz. The price is $5.00 per set and orders will be filled as long as the supply lasts by Chas. E. Fisher, 6 Orkney Road, Brookline, Mass. —6— Abraham Lincoln on the New Haven and the Boston and Albany By Warren Jacobs, Secretary Railway and Locomotive Historical Society IITH the exception of George Washington, no American has been the subject of so much study and research, from historians and writers, as Abraham Lincoln. With Lincoln's fame everyone is familiar, but comparatively few know that he made two visits to New England, in 1848 and 1860, and that a large part of his travels were over, what is to-day, the lines of the New Haven and the Boston and Albany Railroads. Lincoln's journeys on the Boston and Maine have been covered by Judge Elwin L. Page in his "Abraham Lincoln in New Hampshire" and by Mr. J. A. Crowley in an article in the Boston and Maine Magazine for February 1932. PART 1 — THE VISIT OF 1848 Abraham Lincoln's visit to New England in 1848 was made at the request of several prominent New England Whigs, who had known him as a Congress- man in Washington. His quaint stories and ready wit made him many friends, and it was thought he would make an effective speaker in the coming cam- paign for the election of General Taylor. Lincoln left New York on Monday evening, Sept. 11th 1848, and accord- ing to Mr. John W. Starr Jr. in his "Lincoln and the Railroads" — a book that should be read by every railroad man — he probably took the Norwich Line, from New York to Allyns Point, and the Norwich and Worcester Railroad from there to Worcester. The Norwich & Worcester was one of the very early New England roads, having been opened from Worcester to Norwich on March 9th 1840 and was, therefore, in operation for eight years at the time of Lincoln's visit. The ex- tension of the road from Norwich to Allyns Point was opened on Dec. 7, 1843. This road is now part of the New Haven System. The first President of the Norwich & Worcester was Daniel Tyler, a West Point graduate and civil engineer. He was a classmate of George Washington Whistler, afterward the first superintendent of the Western Railroad (now Boston & Albany) both graduating in the class of 1819. On the outbreak of the Civil War, Daniel Tyler was appointed Colonel of the 1st Connecticut In- fantry and led the Union advance at Bull Run. He was later Brig. General and served through the war becoming well known to President Lincoln and to Secre- tary Stanton. Lincoln arrived at the Foster Street station in Worcester on the morning of September 12th 1848 and made his headquarters at the Worcester House, which name was changed in 1857 to the Lincoln House. It being then the leading Worcester hotel, located on Main Street between Elm and Maple. While in Worcester he was also the guest of Ex-Gov. Levi Lincoln at his home, situated —7— on the north side of Elm Street. This house is still standing and is one of the finest old houses in Worcester to-day. It was built in 1836 and designed by Elias Carter. It is still owned by the Lincoln family. On the evening of Sept. 12th, Abraham Lincoln spoke at Worcester City Hall before a large and enthusiastic audience. The old City Hall was on the site of the present City Hall and was built in 1824 and torn down in 1898. The Boston Courier, in its edition of Sept. 14, 1848, said: — "Meeting at Worcester" — "The Whigs had a great meeting at the City Hall on Tuesday evening which was called to order by Judge Barton and at which Ensign H. Kellog of Pitts- field presided and made a preliminary speech. The meeting was addressed by Mr. Lincoln of Illinois, Myron Lawrence, Judge Warren and Gen. H. A. S. Dearborn. The best spirit prevailed and a large number of people were in attendance. The trains east and west, stages and private conveyances of all kinds brought an immense number of people. The Worcester Rough and Ready Club, with the Worcester Brass Band, assembled to meet the first special from Boston which arrived safely bringing over five hundred gentlemen in eighteen cars. Gov. Lincoln being called upon made a speech at the Depot and Messrs. George Woodman of Boston, Taylor of Granby and Abraham Lincoln of Illinois also made speeches from the same stand." The National Aegis said of Lincoln's Worcester speech: — "For sound reasoning and ready wit it is unsurpassed in the campaign. It was listened to by the crowded audience with an untiring interest, applauded during its delivery and enthusiastically cheered at its close." The Boston Advertiser in its edition of Thursday, Sept. 14, 1848, published an article by its correspondent, dated Worcester Sept. 12, 1848 at 11.00 P. M. which was as follows: — -"Mr. Lincoln has a very tall and thin figure, with an intellectual face, showing a searching mind, and a cool judgment. He spoke in a clear and cool and very eloquent manner for an hour and a half, carrying the audience with him in his able arguments and brilliant illustrations — only in- terrupted by warm and frequent applause". Lincoln made a total of four speeches during his stay in Worcester. The speech in the City Hall, already described, a talk at the Foster Street station on the afternoon of Sept. 12th, another informal speech at the Foster Street station on the morning of the 13th and the address before the Whig Convention, also at the City Hall, on the evening of Sept. 13th. Foster Street station, Worcester, which stood at the corner of Foster and Norwich Streets, was erected by the Boston and Worcester Railroad (now Boston & Albany) and opened in 1835. It was in use until after the opening of the first Union Station in Worcester on August 15th 1875. Foster St. depot was also used by the trains of the Norwich & Worcester and later by the Worcester & Nashua and the Boston, Barre & Gardner roads. The Worcester and Nashua was the last road to abandon the old station, on Feb. 14, 1877. Foster Street station was enlarged in 1840 to accomodate the Norwich & Worcester trains. The original structure was built by Horatio Nelson Tower, a noted Worcester builder of that day, and the extension of 1840 was built by H. N. Tower and Tilly Raymond. When the Union Station was opened in 1875, General Grant was one of the first passengers, arriving two days after the opening, en-route from Buffalo to Providence on a visit to General Burnside. The notice of the Whig Convention, as published in the Boston Atlas for Sept. 13th 1848, was as follows: — —8— WHIG STATE CONVENTION Persons intending to be present at the great Whig State Convention to be holden at Worcester on Wednesday the 13th inst. are informed, that special trains at reduced fares, will leave the Depot of the Worcester Railroad at 7% and 8Y 2 on Wednesday morning, to return in the evening at such times as may be suitable to the business of the Convention. Lincoln met these trains on their arrival at Worcester and spoke before the delegates in the evening at the City Hall as already mentioned. Lincoln left Worcester for New Bedford on the morning of Sept. 14th, but the exact time of his arrival at New Bedford is not known, nor the route he took from Worcester. In 1848 there were two routes Lincoln could have taken: the Providence & Worcester Railroad to Providence, the Boston & Providence to Mansfield, and the Taunton Branch and New Bedford & Taunton Railroads from that point to New Bedford. Or he could have taken the Boston & Wor- cester Railroad to Boston and from there taken the Boston & Providence to Mansfield, or taken the old Colony and Fall River Railroads, from Boston to Myricks and changed there for New Bedford. We incline to the theory that he went via Providence. Lincoln spoke in New Bedford on the evening of Sept. 14th in Liberty Hall, which is now the site occupied by the Merchants National Bank, and probably spent the night at the home of Hon. Joseph Grinnell who was Presi- dent of the New Bedford & Taunton Railroad. On Friday, September 15th Lincoln arrived in Boston. It is probable that he came direct from New Bedford to Boston and did not go back to Worcester and from there to Boston, as a study of the time tables of that day show he could not have made his connections to get him to Boston in time for his speech. Therefore we assume that Abraham Lincoln must have got his first view of Boston as he emerged from the portals of the old Boston & Providence depot then located in Pleasant St. near the foot of the Common. In the evening of Sept. 15th he made a speech in Washingtonian Hall, 21 Bromfield Street, before the Boston Whig Club. During his stay in Boston, which was to last until the 23rd, Lincoln made his headquarters at the Tremont House, on the site of the Tremont Building, corner of Tremont and Beacon Streets. No doubt Lincoln walked from Washingtonian Hall to the Tremont House at the close of the meeting, as the distance was very short. The Boston Adas, in its edition of Saturday, September 16th, 1848 said: — "Boston Whig Club — A full and enthusiastic meeting of this club was held last evening at Washingtonian Hall on Bromfield Street. They were addressed by the Hon. Abraham Lincoln of Illinois, in a speech of an hour and a half, which for sound reasoning, cogent argument and keen satire, we have seldom heard equalled. He defended Gen. Taylor from the charge that he had no prin- ciples, by showing conclusively what his avowed and well known principles were, that the people's will be obeyed and not frustrated by executive usurpation and the veto power. His remarks were frequently interrupted by rounds of ap- plause. As soon as he had concluded, the audience gave three cheers for Taylor and Fillmore and three more for Mr. Lincoln. It was a glorious meeting." —9— A word as to the railroad situation in Boston in 1848. There were at that time seven railroads entering the city. The Boston & Worcester (now Boston & Albany) with a station at the corner of Albany and Beach Streets, on the site of the present Albany building. The Boston & Providence with a depot on Pleasant St. The Boston & Maine in Haymarket Square with an imposing station at the head of Washington Street. The Fitchburg in Causeway Street, with its castle towers, considered then one of the largest and finest in the United States and which had been opened on August 9th 1848 a few weeks before Lincoln's arrival. It was in this station that Jenny Lind sang in October 1850. The Eastern Railroad which terminated in Boston, with ferry connection to its station at Lewis Wharf. The Boston and Lowell with a station on Lowell Street, and the Old Colony with a station at the corner of Kneeland and South Streets. This latter station was opened on May 19, 1847. Engines in 1848 all burned wood for fuel and were named instead of numbered. Parlor-cars were, of course, unknown and coaches were all of the flat roof pattern. The Con- ductor was an important personage and wore a tall silk hat instead of the familiar uniform cap, as uniforms for railroad men did not come into general use until after the Civil War. As Mr. Starr has shown in his "Lincoln and the Railroads" that Lincoln was much interested in the early roads, it is not at all improbable that he looked over the various Boston stations, as they were all large and handsome buildings for that day. On Saturday, September 16th Lincoln left Boston for Lowell, and accord- ing to Mr. Crowley in his article "With Lincoln on the B. & M." took the 12.00 noon train. In the evening Lincoln spoke in the Lowell City Hall located at the corner of Merrimack and Shattuck Streets, which was- afterward sold and remodeled into a store and office building. It is still standing and the in- scription on the front reads, "Old City Hall Building 1830-1896". Linus Child was Chairman of the Lowell meeting and it was undoubtedly at his house that Lincoln spent the night. Benjamin F. Butler then a prominent young lawyer in Lowell was present at the meeting and saw Lincoln for the first time. They did not meet again until 1861 at the White House, when Lincoln was President and Butler a Major-General in the United States Army. Whether Lincoln re- mained in Lowell until Monday morning is not definitely known, but un- doubtedly he did, as traveling on Sunday was not popular in those days, and there were few Sunday trains, so we must conclude he spent the day at the residence of Mr. Linus Child. Lincoln's next speaking engagement was at Dorchester Lower Mills, on Mon- day evening September 18th 1848. Among the delegates to the Whig Convention at Worcester was Mr. Nathaniel F. Safford, whose home was at Lower Mills, then a small country village. Mr. Safford met Lincoln at Worcester and without doubt heard his speech at the Worcester City Hall. In any event he asked Lin- coln to speak at Lower Mills, inviting him to spend the night at his house, which is still standing today, at the corner of Washington Street and the new Morton Street extension. Mr. John W. Starr Jr. in his "Lincoln and the Railroads" says: "Lincoln went from Boston by team, which is without question correct, as other authorities have said the same thing." There was a notice in the Boston Courier of Sept. 16th 1848 of this meeting which said:— "The Hon. Abraham Lincoln of Illinois and the Hon. George Lunt of Boston will address the citizens of Dorchester on Monday evening next, September 18th at Richmond Hall." —10— Richmond Hall in which Lincoln spoke is still standing. It was built in 1813 and remodeled in 1840. The hall was named for the Rev. Edmund Richmond. Lincoln spent the night at the residence of Mr. Safford, returning to Boston the following day, Tuesday, September 19th. Authorities make no mention of how Lincoln returned to Boston. While he could have gone back by team, and perhaps did so, he could also have returned by the Dorchester and Milton Branch of the Old Colony Railroad which had been opened on December 1, 1847. There were then six trains each way, which was excellent train service for that day. We should like to say that Lincoln rode on the Old Colony Railroad and used the historic Kneeland Street station in Boston, but evidence is lacking to prove that he did so. On the evening of Tuesday, September 19th Lincoln spoke in Chelsea at Gerrish Hall; going and returning by team, as there was no railroad through Chelsea in 1848, the Eastern Railroad not opening through Revere and Chelsea into Causeway Street, Boston, until April 10, 1854. Gerrish Hall in which Lincoln spoke was located in the Gerrish Block, erected in 1844, on Chelsea Square at the junction of Winnisimmit and Park Streets. The building stands today and is owned by the Salvation Army, who hold their meetings in the same hall in which Lincoln spoke. The Boston Atlas in its edition of Sept. 20, 1848 said: — "The Whigs of Chelsea last night held one of those meetings which do good to the inner man. The Hon. Abraham Lincoln made a speech, which for aptness of illustration, solidity of argument and genuine eloquence is hard to beat." On the afternoon of Wednesday, September 20, 1848, Lincoln took the 3.30 P. M. train on the Boston & Providence Railroad for Dedham and on his arrival there made a speech at Temperance Hall on Court Street, where he was introduced to his audience by Hon. James Richardson the presiding officer, returning to Boston on the train leaving Dedham at 5.30 P. M. The engagement for Lincoln to speak at Dedham was made by Mr. George Harris Monroe who called on Lincoln at his headquarters at the Tremont House for that purpose. This engagement was made by Mr. Monroe at the suggestion of Col. William Schouler, editor and publisher of the Boston Daily Atlas which, in 1848, was a leading Whig organ. Its office was in the old State House and the printing and editorial rooms were located on Franklin Ave. which is the little alley from Court to Brattle Streets. Lincoln called upon Col. Schouler at his editorial office during his visit to Boston in 1848. William Schouler later acquired everlasting fame as the noted Adjutant- General of Massachusetts during the stormy years of the Civil War, becoming the trusted aide of John A. Andrew the great War-Governor of Massachusetts. When General Grant visited Massachusetts at the close of the war Gen. Schouler was detailed by Gov. Andrew to meet Grant at Albany as his official representative. In an article in the Boston Sunday Herald on April 26, 1885, Mr. Monroe said, regarding Lincoln's speech at Dedham: — "The bell that called to the steam cars sounded and Lincoln instantly stopped in his speech. "I am engaged to speak at Cambridge tonight" he said "and I must leave." The whole audience seemed to rise in protest. "Oh no!" "Go on!" "Finish!" were heard on every hand, but Lincoln was inexorable. "I have engaged to go to Cambridge and —11— I must be there. I came here as I agreed and I am going there in the same way". The Superintendent of the Boston & Providence railroad in 1848 was William Raymond Lee who had been educated at West Point, and was at West Point with Jefferson Davis. He acted as assistant to Major William Gibbs McNeill in the construction of the road, becoming its first superintendent. In 1861 William Raymond Lee was appointed Colonel of the 20th Massachusetts Infantry. He was taken prisoner at Balls Bluff and confined in Libby. While in Libby he was held as hostage by Jefferson Davis, who had known him at West Point, for the safety of the crew of the privateer Lady Jeff Davis, whom the Federal government were intending to treat as pirates, but whom the Con- federates insisted should be treated as prisoners of war. They were finally so treated, but not until several months had elapsed during which time Colonel Lee faced the prospect of hanging. Lincoln took the Fitchburg Railroad out to Cambridge and spoke in the evening of September 20th at Cambridge City Hall. The Cambridge City Hall in 1848 was located at the corner of Harvard and Norfolk Streets, on the site of St. Mary's Catholic church. The building was originally erected as a town house, and the first town meeting was held there on March 5, 1832. When Cambridge became a city in 1846 this building became the City Hall and was burned down on December 29, 1853. The Cambridge Chronicle of Sept. 21, 1848 had the following notice of the meeting: — -"The Taylor and Fillmore Club of Ward 2 held a ratification meeting at the City Hall last evening. Hon. Abraham Lincoln of Illinois, L. M. Chandler of Boston and other speakers addressed the audience. About eight o'clock the Taylor Club from Ward 1 accompanied by music entered the hall and were greeted by hearty cheers." The Superintendent of the Fitchburg Railroad at the time Lincoln made his trip to Cambridge was Samuel Morse Felton, who became in later years the President of the Philadelphia, Wilmington & Baltimore Railroad. It was he, in connection with Allan Pinkerton, who planned and directed the secret journey of President-elect Lincoln from Harrisburg to Washington in 1861. At the time this journey was made Lincoln's train was ferried across the Susquehanna river, between Perryville and Havre-de-Grace, on the transfer steamer Maryland, which was later seized by General Butler and his Massachusetts troops and taken to Annapolis. This incident is described at length in General Butler's book. The history of the steamer Maryland is an interesting one. The steamer Maryland was built originally for the Philadelphia, Wil- mington, & Baltimore Railroad and was placed in service in 1855. Its capacity was twenty one cars and it replaced an older boat, the "Susquehanna" which could carry only five. From April 18th to November 30th 1861 the Maryland carried 154,303 soldiers and did not fail in its performance. When the railroad bridge across the Susquehanna river was completed and opened on November 28, 1866 the Maryland was subsequently sold to the New York, New Haven & Hartford Railroad and used for floating cars in New York harbor. On May 8, 1876 the Maryland carried the "Federal Express" of the New York, New Haven & Hartford Railroad on its first trip between Harlem River and Jersey City and on the same day also the first trip of what is now the "Colonial Ex- press," then known as the "Philadelphia Express" which had been placed in —12— service as a through train between Boston and Philadelphia on account of the Centennial. This historic steamer was burned at Harlem River on December 7th 1888 and a new steamer Maryland was placed in commission on May 11, 1890. The new steamer Maryland was in service until Oct. 18, 1912 when the "Federal Express" was changed to run via Poughkeepsie Bridge. On account of the building of the new Hell Gate Bridge, the Maryland was sold in 1913 to a dredging company at Mobile, Ala. where it is now in service. Lincoln spoke in Taunton on Thursday evening September 21, 1848 at Union Hall, near Taunton Green, and the Taunton Daily Gazette of Saturday September 23rd contained the following item: "Mr. Lincoln's Lecture — We learn that Union Hall was well filled on Thursday evening, and there was a good deal of enthusiasm during the performance. Mr. Lincoln is well versed in the political tactics of the Western country. His speech was full of humor, and was mainly devoted to the political course of Mr. Van Buren and the Free Soil party. He said very little about Cass, whom he considered the most prom- ising opponent of General Taylor". What route Lincoln took in going from Boston to Taunton and return is not known, but probably he went from the Boston & Providence depot to Mansfield and then by the Taunton Branch Railroad, though he could have taken the Old Colony to Myricks and changed there for Taunton. Neither is it known just where Lincoln spent the night in Taunton, which he had to do, as there were no late evening trains to Boston at that day. Friday, September 22, 1848 was Lincoln's big day in Boston as in the evening there was held the large Whig rally in Tremont Temple, on the site of the present Temple. The first Temple, in which Lincoln spoke, was burned on March 31, 1852. The present Temple is the fourth to be erected on this site. It was originally intended to hold this Whig rally outdoors in Court Square, near the City Hall, but on the morning of the 22nd the weather proved inclem- ent and it was decided to hold the rally in Tremont Temple. The Boston Advertiser had a notice of the rally in its edition of September 22nd, before the change to Tremont Temple, which was as follows: — "Whig Meeting This Evening — Our Whig friends must not neglect or forget the notice for a meeting in Court Square this evening. Governor Seward of New York, Hon. Abraham Lincoln of Illinois and Hon. Richard Fletcher of this city, are expected to speak". In its edition of Saturday, September 23rd the Boston Advertiser said: — "Whig Meeting at the Tremont Temple — In consequence of the inclemency of the weather yesterday morning, announcement was made that the Whig meeting which had been called for last evening in Court Square, would be assembled in the Tremont Temple. In accordance with this announcement that Hall was filled at an early hour. The meeting was called to order by William Hayden, Esq., Hon. George Lunt was chosen Chairman, and Ezra Lincoln Jr. was appointed Secretary. After an appropriate opening address Mr. Lunt introduced Gov. Seward of New York, who was warmly received, and made an excellent and convincing speech in support of Whig principles and Whig candidates. Gov. Seward was followed by Hon. Abraham Lincoln of Illinois who clearly and eloquently stated and maintained the Whig doctrine, that the Whigs are opposed to the extension of slavery and believe that the election of General Taylor will do more to prevent such extension, than will —13— the election of any other candidate that it is possible to elect; and explained the hopelessness and impossibility of the election of Mr. Van Buren. After the con- clusion of his remarks, which were enthusiastically received, the meeting adjourned at about a quarter past 10 o'clock, with three cheers for General Taylor, and three for the speaker of the evening". The Boston Courier, in its editorial of Sept. 23rd said of Lincoln's speech: "The Hon. Abraham Lincoln of Illinois was then introduced. He addressed the audience in a most forcible and convincing speech which drew down thunders of applause. Mr. Lincoln spoke at great length and although the meeting was protracted to a late hour, his hearers listened with undiminished interest and satisfaction. He concluded amidst repeated rounds of applause and the meeting adjourned at nearly half past ten". The Boston Atlas in its edition of Sept. 21st also printed a notice of the meeting: "We understand that there will be a general meeting of the Whigs of Boston on Friday evening. Ex -Gov. Seward of New York, now on a professional visit to New England, Hon. Abraham Lincoln of Illinois and Hon. Richard Fletcher of Boston are expected to address the meeting. We are apprehensive that the meeting must be held in the open air, as all public Halls of sufficient capacity seem to be engaged." The Atlas also had this notice in its edition of Friday, September 22nd: — "Grand Rally of the Whigs of Boston — A meeting of the Whigs of Boston will be held in Court Square (between City Hall and the Court House) this (Friday) evening at 7 o'clock. Addresses may be ex- pected from Ex-Gov. Seward of New York, Hon. Abraham Lincoln of Illinois, Hon. Richard Fletcher and Hon. Abbott Lawrence of Boston". These notices in the Boston Atlas were, of course, printed before the change of the place of meeting to Tremont Temple on account of the weather. On Saturday morning, September 23rd, Lincoln left Boston for Albany from the Boston & Worcester depot on Beach Street, taking the train leaving at 8.00 A. M. over the Boston & Worcester to Worcester and the Western Railroad from Worcester to Albany, riding the entire length, of what is to-day the Boston and Albany Railroad. This train stopped at Springfield at 1.15 P. M. and was due at Albany at 6.00 P. M. The journey from Boston to Albany in 1848 over the Boston & Worcester and Western Railroads was vastly different from the same journey to-day over the Boston and Albany Railroad, with its magnificent road bed, fine stations and the last word in modern equipment, but in its day both the Boston & Worcester and the Western served their purpose well and they had the best men of the time as directors and officers. Among them; Nathan Hale, the first President of the Boston & Worcester, who was also editor of the Boston Adver- tiser. He was a nephew and namesake of Captain Nathan Hale of the Revolu- tion and father of the Rev. Edward Everett Hale, author of "Memories of One Hundred Years," which contains a chapter on the early days of the Boston & Worcester Railroad but, unfortunately, makes no mention of the journey of Abraham Lincoln over the road of which his father was the president. David Henshaw, one of the first directors of the Boston & Worcester, was later the Secretary of the Navy in the administration of President Tyler, and John M. Fessenden the Chief Engineer of the road was a West Point graduate. The Boston & Worcester was the first steam railroad in operation in Massachusetts —14r- having been opened to Newton on April 16th 1834 and to Worcester on July 4th 1835. The first engines on the Boston & Worcester were the "Yankee," which was the first engine built in New England, at the Mill Dam Foundry, Boston. The "Lion" built in England, the "Meteor" built at Lowell and the "William Penn," "Elephant," "Tartar," "Mars" and "Vulcan" built at Phila- delphia. The first Conductors were Thomas Tucker, G. S. Howe, Caleb S. Fuller, William Harnden, the latter was the founder of the express business, and Joseph H. Moore who became the first superintendent of the Old Colony. William H. Hovey ran the first locomotive out of Boston in 1834. The Western Railroad was chartered March 15, 1833. Construction com- menced in 1838 and the road was opened from Worcester to Springfield on October 1st, 1839, there being a grand celebration at Springfield in honor of the event. Hon. George Ashmun of Springfield, who officiated as the Chairman of this celebration, was the President of the Chicago Republican Convention of 1860 which nominated Abraham Lincoln for the presidency, and was one of the party who made the journey from Chicago to Springfield, 111. to officially notify Lincoln of his nomination. Gov. Edward Everett of Massachusetts who attended the celebration of the opening of the Western Railroad, in his speech said: "This Western Railroad will furnish the most open and tempting route in all the United States, from the western interior to the sea," was the orator of the day at Gettysburg at the time Lincoln gave his immortal address, saying at its close: "Mr. President I would give my whole oration for your twenty lines." The Western Railroad was opened to Albany on December 21, 1841. According to the first time table, passengers by the afternoon train, leaving Boston at 3.00 P. M. stayed over night at Springfield and left the next morning at seven. Evidently traveling at night was not popular in those days. George Washington Whistler the first superintendent and engineer of the Western Railroad was a West Point graduate of the class of 1819. He resigned from the Army in 1833 to become the engineer of the Locks and Canals Works at Lowell. In 1837 he moved to Stonington, Conn, as engineer of the New York, Providence & Boston Railroad and was the chief engineer and super- intendent of the Western Railroad from 1840 to 1842. In June of the latter year he went to Russia as the constructing engineer of the St. Petersburg & Moscow Railroad. Not only was the road to be built, but the rails, locomotives, cars and everything pertaining to the road were to be manufactured under his supervision. In the construction of the road, the story is, that the Czar took a ruler, and drawing a line on the map between the two cities said, "Build it straight." The result was that the road, at that time, avoided every important place between the two points — which proved conclusively the Czar was not a railroad man. Lieut. Whistler died at St. Petersburg, Russia, April 7, 1849. He is buried at Stonington, Conn. His son, George William Whistler, born at New London in 1822, was connected with various railroads in the United States and was Superintendent of the Erie and also of the New York and New Haven. Another son, J. A. McNeill Whistler was a noted artist. Lieut. George W. Whistler's brother, Colonel William Whistler, was the commanding officer of the 4th United States Infantry in 1845 when Grant then a young Lieutenant was connected with that regiment. —15— The Western Railroad in its early days purchased a number of engines, the invention of Ross Winans of Baltimore, the stacks, however, proved to be too high and Winans came up from Baltimore to supervise their being shortened, which was the beginning of a life long friendship between Winans and Whistler. After Whistler went to Russia the Russian Government, through Whistler's influence, requested Mr. Winans to go to Russia and build rolling stock for the railroad then building between St. Petersburg and Moscow. Mr. Winans de- clined to go himself but sent his two sons, who concluded a contract with the Russian Government amounting to three millions. Whistler's son, George William, already mentioned, went to Russia in 1866 to take charge of the St. Petersburg & Moscow Railroad under the Winans contract and remained there until 1869. Whistler's successor as Superintendent of the Western Railroad was James Barnes of Springfield, also a West Pointer. James Barnes graduated at West Point in the class of 1829 and was a classmate of Robert E. Lee, Joseph E. Johnson and other officers who attained high rank in the Civil War. Barnes, Lee and Johnson were classmates during their entire career at West Point. All three entered the Academy in 1825 and graduated in the class of 1829. Barnes resigned from the Army in 1836 to become assistant engineer of the Western Railroad and remained in the service of that company until 1848 when he became chief engineer of the Seaboard & Roanoke R. R. from Norfolk to Weldon, N. C. He was connected with this and other southern and western railroads until the outbreak of the war. In 1861 James Barnes was appointed Colonel of the 18th. Massachusetts Infantry, was promoted to Brig. General in 1862 and commanded a Division at the Battle of Gettysburg. He died in 1869. When Lincoln passed through Springfield in 1848 it is very doubtful if Gen. Barnes knew of it and certainly neither he nor Lincoln had the slightest idea of events to come. On arriving at Albany at 6.00 P. M. on September 23, 1848 Lincoln stopped over to call on Thurlow Weed and this ended his first visit to New England. He was not to see New England again for twelve years. —16— From the Boston Advertiser, Saturday, September 23, 1848 PROVIDENCE & WORCESTER RAILROAD. Passenger Notice. On and after Thursday, July 20, 1848 Trains will run as Follows: — Through Trains. Leave Providence at 7 A. M. and 3.20 P. M. Leave Worcester at 7.30 A. M. and 3.45 P. M. Freight train with Passenger car attached leaves merchandise depot foot of Green St. Worcester at 11.30 A. M. Special Trains. Leave Uxbridge for Providence at 6:15 A. M. and 1.15 P. M. Leave Providence for Uxbridge at 11.45 A. M. and 5.40 P. M. The 6.15 A. M. train connects at Pawtucket with train for Boston. The 5.40 P. M. train will connect at Pawtucket with train from Boston. No second class tickets sold for freight or special train. Trains stop at Pawtucket, Central Falls, Valley Falls, Lonsdale, Ashton, Albion, Manville, Hamlet, Woonsocket, Waterford, Blackstone, Millville, Uxbridge, Whitins, Northbridge, Farnumville, Grafton, Sutton and Millbury. Through trains connect with trains of Worcester Railroad and Norwich & Worcester R. R. ISAAC HINCKLEY, Supt. NOTE — When Lincoln left Worcester for New Bedford on the morning of Sept. 14, 1848, he probably went by way of Providence and Mansfield, taking the train leaving Worcester at 7.30 A. M. as shown on this time table, and train leaving Providence at 11.00 A. M. —17— From the Boston Advertiser, Thursday, Sept. 21, 1848 NEW BEDFORD AND TAUNTON AND TAUNTON BRANCH RAILROADS. Summer Arrangement — 1848 On and after Monday, April 3rd, 1848 the Accommodation Trains will run daily (Sundays excepted) as follows: — Leave New Bedford for Boston and Providence at 6.15 minutes A. M., 10.30 minutes A. M. and 3.30 P. M. Leave New Bedford for Taunton and Fall River at 6.15 minutes A. M., 3.30 and 3.45 P. M. Leave New Bedford for Middleborough, Bridgewater, Brain- tree, Wareham and Plymouth at 6.15 minutes and 3.30 P.M. Leave Taunton for Boston and Providence at 7.05 minutes A. M., 11.20 minutes A. M. and 4.25 P. M. The 7 A. M. and 4.30 P. M. trains intersect the trains of the Fall River road at Myricks. Leave Taunton for New Bedford and Fall River at 8.20 A. M. and 5.45 P. M. Leave Taunton for Middleborough, Bridgewater and Ware- ham at 6 A. M. Leave Boston for New Bedford and Taunton at 7 A. M. and 4.30 P. M. Leave Providence for New Bedford and Taunton at 11.45 A. M. and 4.15 P. M. WM. A. CROCKER, Supt. Time table of the New Bedford & Taunton and Taunton Branch Railroads that was in effect when Abraham Lincoln visited Taunton and New Bedford in September 1848. —18— TIME TABLE OF THE BOSTON AND PROVIDENCE RAILROAD IN EFFECT WHEN LINCOLN MADE HIS TRIP TO DEDHAM AND RE- TURN SEPT. 20, 1848. From the Boston Transcript, Saturday, Sept. 16, 1848 BOSTON AND PROVIDENCE RAILROAD. Summer Arrangement. On and after Thursday, July 20, 1848 the trains will run as follows: STEAMBOAT TRAIN. Leaves Boston every day but Sunday at 5 o'clock P. M. ACCOMMODATION TRAINS. Leave Boston at 7 and 11 A. M. and 4 P. M. Leave Providence at 7'/4 and 11 A. M. and 4 V^ P. M. NEWPORT TRAINS. Leave Boston at S l / 2 A. M. and 4 P. M. Leave Providence at 7 l / 2 A. M. and 3.10 P. M. PAWTUCKET TRAINS. Leave Boston at 7 and 11 A. M. and 4 P. M. Leave Pawtucket at 7.25 and 11.10 A. M. and 4.25 P. M. DEDHAM TRAINS. Leave Boston at 8 A. M. 12J4 3'/ 2 6'/ 2 and 9 P. M. Leave Dedham at 7 and 9 l / 2 A. M. 2 l A 5 l / 2 and 8 P. M. STOUGHTON TRAINS. Leave Boston at U l / 2 A. M. and 5'/4 P. M. Leave Stoughton at 7.10 A. M. and 3% P. M. All Baggage is at the risk of the owners thereof. WILLIAM RAYMOND LEE, Supt. NOTE — The term "Newport Trains" given above means steamer connection from Providence. The railroad into Newport was built by the Old Colony and not opened until Feb. 5, 1864. —19— From the Boston Advertiser, Saturday, September 23, 1848. BOSTON AND WORCESTER RAILROAD. Autumn Arrangement. To begin Friday, September 1st 1848. Through Passenger Trains leave Boston at 7 and 8 A. M. 2 14-4-5 and 6 P. M. The 7 A. M. train will stop only to take up passengers for New York. The 8 A. M. train will land no one east of Framingham. The 4 P. M. train will not stop east of Framingham, except to take up Western Railroad passengers at Brighton on Thursdays. The 5 P. M. train is the New York Steamboat Train to Norwich, to run as hereto- fore, without stops, except at Framingham. Passengers for Millbury and Holliston etc., will take the 8 A. M. and 4 P. M. trains. Passengers for the Norwich Railroad will take the 8 A. M. and 2 14 P. M. trains. N. B. — The 7 A. M. and 4 P. M. trains take passengers at Boston for New York via New Haven. Leave Worcester at 6 l / 2 9 l / 2 10% A. M. 3.40 and 4 P. M. The last on arrival of the New Haven train. Passengers will leave Millbury at 6 l / 2 A. M. and V/ 2 P. M. Passengers will leave Milford at 6.50 A. M. and 4 P. M. The 4 P. M. train will not stop at way stations to take up passengers. BROOKLINE SPECIAL TRAINS. Leave Brookline at 7-8-9 and 11 A. M. 1% 3 1 /, 5- 7 and 9 P. M. Leave Boston at 7 l / 2 - 8J4 and 10 A. M. \2% - 2 x / 2 - 4>/ 2 - 614 - 7 1 /, and 10 P. M. NEWTON SPECIAL TRAINS. Leave Lower Falls at 6 and 814 A. M. 2'/ 2 4 3 / 4 and 8 P. M. Leave Boston at 7% A. M. 12 Vi 3'/ 2 614 and 9 P. M. SAXONVILLE SPECIAL TRAINS. Leave Saxonville at 614 A. M. and 114 P- M. Leave Boston at 8 14 and 5% P. M. WM. PARKER, Supt. Boston, Aug. 31, 1848 —20— TIME TABLE OF THE WESTERN RAILROAD THAT WAS IN EFFECT WHEN LINCOLN RODE, WHAT IS NOW THE BOSTON AND ALBANY RAILROAD, FROM BOSTON TO ALBANY, ON SEPTEMBER 23RD, 1848. From the Boston Transcript. WESTERN RAILROAD. On and after Friday, September 1st 1848, the passenger trains will run daily (Sundays excepted) leaving as follows: — Boston at 7 and 8 A. M. and 4 P. M. Albany at 7 A. M. and 2% P. M. Springfield at 8'/ 2 A. M. and 1!4 P. M. for Albany. Springfield at 8% A. M. 1% and 2% P. M. (or on the arrival of the train from New York) for Boston. DAY LINE TO NEW YORK VIA SPRINGFIELD. The Steamboat Train leaves Boston at 7.00 A. M. and arrives in New York at 5 P. M. by the new and splendid steamer Commodore. Returning leaves New York at 7 A. M. and arrives in Boston at 5 l / 2 P. M. This train will not stop at Way stations. NIGHT LINE TO NEW YORK. Leaves Boston at 4 P. M. and arrives in New York at 5 A. M. ALBANY AND TROY. Leave Boston at 8 A. M. Springfield l l A P. M. and arrive in Albany at 6 P. M. Or leave Boston at 4 P. M. Springfield the next morning at 8V2 and arrive in Albany at 1 V4 P- M. The Troy trains connect at Greenbush. The trains for Buffalo leave at 7 l / z A. M. 2 and 7 P. M. FOR NORTHAMPTON, GREENFIELD ETC. The trains of the Connecticut River Railroad leave Springfield at 8 1 /? A. M. 2 and 8'/2 P. M. and passengers may proceed to Brattleboro, Windsor, Bellows Falls, Walpole, Hanover, Haverhill etc. FOR HARTFORD. The trains leave Springfield on the arrival of the trains from Boston. The trains of the Pittsfield & North Adams Railroad leave Pittsfield on the arrival of the trains from Boston. N. B. — No responsibility assumed for any baggage by the pas- senger trains, except for wearing apparel not exceeding value of 50 dollars, unless by special agreement. HENRY GRAY, Agent, Western R. R. —21— PART II — THE VISIT OF 1860 Abraham Lincoln's visit to New England in 1860 was primarily to see his son, Robert, in school at Exeter, N. H. He received many offers to speak at various points and accepted most of them. His tour of Connecticut was made at the request of Hon. N. D. Sperry of New Haven, Chairman of the Republican State Committee, and all of his traveling in Connecticut, except his side trip from New London to Norwich and return, over the New London Northern (now Central Vermont) was over, what is to-day, the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad. Had it been realized then that Lincoln was to achieve immortal fame and go down in history side by side with Washington, the very tickets on which he rode would be priceless relics to-day, while conductors and engineers who ran the trains on which he was a passenger would have been glad to have passed the word on to their children. But, unfortunately, at that time Lincoln was hardly more than an ordinary citizen. His debates with Douglas had brought him a certain prominence, but he was not yet "Father Abraham" to more than a million soldiers. It was his famous speech at Cooper Union, New York, on the evening of February 27th, 1860, that astonished the nation by its power and eloquence and placed Lincoln in the front rank of America's great orators and in line for the presidency. On Tuesday, February 28th, 1860, the morning after his great Cooper Union speech, Lincoln took the 8.00 A. M. Boston express via Springfield, from the New Haven depot at Fourth Avenue and 27th Street, on the site of old Madison Square Garden, for Providence, changing cars for the Shore Line at the Chapel Street station in New Haven. There is no doubt he took this train, as there was but one through train then on the Shore Line which left New York at 12.15 P. M. and did not arrive in Providence until 7.30 P. M. which would have been too late for his speech. The Shore Line then bore but little resemblance to the great steel highway of to-day, as most of it was single track, and trains were ferried across both the Connecticut and Thames rivers. The 8.00 A. M. express out of New York was due at New Haven at 10.50 A. M. and the connecting train on the New Haven, New London & Stonington R. R. left at 10.55 A. M. reaching New London at 1.15 P. M. The train on the New York, Providence & Boston R. R. left New London at 1.30 P. M. and was due at Providence at 4.15 P. M. The New York, Providence & Boston R. R. was then popularly called the "Stonington road". On the evening of February 28th, 1860, Lincoln spoke in Railroad Hall, Providence, which was located on the second floor of the northern end of the old Union Station on Exchange Place. This historic building was opened on May 3, 1848, and at the time Lincoln spoke there, was used by the Boston & Providence, the Providence & Worcester, the New York, Providence and Boston and the Hartford, Providence and Fishkill Railroads. These roads to-day are all part of the New Haven system. The Providence depot, like Foster St. station, Worcester, was one of the first "union stations" in the United States. It was a magnificent building for that day, and it served its purpose well, for it was in use for half a century, from 1848 until the opening of the present Union Station in 1898. —22— Lincoln spent the night in Providence at the home of Mr. John Eddy, a prominent lawyer of that day, whose house was at 67 Washington Street. This house still stands and is now numbered 265 Washington Street. Lincoln's room was on the second floor in the north east corner of the house. There has been no marker placed, as yet, to designate this historic spot. The Providence Journal in its splendid account of the meeting in Railroad Hall, said, in its edition of February 29, 1860: — "Railroad Hall was filled to overflowing last night by an audience eager to welcome and to hear the great champion of Republicanism in Illinois, and to open the campaign of 1860 with spirit and earnestness. The room was entirely inadequate to accomodate the throng who would gladly have participated in the meeting, and have testified by their presence their deep interest in the contest before us. "The speaker on his appearance at the door, was greeted with the most enthusiastic and prolonged cheering of the waiting assembly. Gov. Hoppin called the meeting to order, and nominated Hon. Thomas A. Jenckes as President, and he was elected. Mr. John Eddy was then chosen Secretary. "Mr. Jenckes spoke briefly, but with stirring words, of the great responsi- bility which rests upon Rhode Island in the coming struggle, and of the vast importance of her preserving that place which she has so faithfully held in the line of Republican states, and then introduced the orator of the occasion Hon. Abraham Lincoln of Illinois. "Mr. Lincoln began by alluding good-naturedly to some remarks in the Press and the Post, which he had read on his way hither in the cars. Having, with characteristic humor and wit, made a few comments on the words in the Press, he proposed to take as the main subject of his speech topics suggested by the quotation which the Post made from one of his former speeches. "He defended the position which he took in that speech, that this country cannot permanently endure half slave and half free. He gave the context in which his cited words were found, and discussed his subject with great fairness, earnestness and ability. He showed that he occupied only the ground which was taken by the founders of our government, and triumphantly vindicated himself and the Republican party against the false charges which are so un- scrupulously brought against them. "Perhaps the most striking and prominent impression that Mr. Lincoln makes in his speaking, is that of thorough honesty and of sincere, earnest belief in all that he says. "He abounds in good humor and pleasant satire, and often gives a witty thrust that cuts like a Damascus blade. But he does not aim chiefly at fun. He strives rather to show by plain, simple, cogent reasoning that his positions are impregnable, and he carries his audience with him, as he deserves to. "Upon the conclusion of Mr. Lincoln's speech, Mr. Jenckes was loudly called for, and responded in a brief but very earnest address. He was followed by Hon- Thomas Davis, who spoke warmly of the issues to be presented to the judgment of every man who has an interest in the coming state election, and in the pending presidential canvass. "On motion of Mr. George L. Clark the thanks of the meeting were tendered to the Hon. Abraham Lincoln for his eloquent effort on this occasion; and then three rousing cheers were proposed and given to him and to Seth Padelford Esq. after which the audience dispersed. Many gentlemen at the —23— conclusion of the speeches, availed themselvs of the pleasure of a personal introduction to the distinguished orator. "We are glad that the campaign of 1860 has been opened in Rhode Island by a meeting so enthusiastic and auspicious as that of last night, and with the help of so noble a specimen of the vigorous Republicanism of the West. The Republicans of Rhode Island send greetings to those of Illinois, and thank them for the presence in our city, for a single night, of their gallant leader, Abraham Lincoln." On Wednesday morning, February 29th, Lincoln left Providence for Boston taking, probably, the 10.40 A. M. train on the Boston & Providence Railroad and arrived at the Pleasant Street station, Boston, at 12.35 P. M. This was the same station he had used in 1848. At 2.30 P. M. Lincoln left Boston for Exeter N. H. from the historic Boston & Maine depot in Haymarket Square, which was opened in 1845 and in use up to the time of the opening of the first North Station in 1894. The Boston Relief Hospital now occupies this site. Lincoln's itinerary, from the time he left Boston for Exeter on the afternoon of February 29th, until he arrived back in Boston on the morning of March 5th, is all covered by Judge Elwin L. Page in his "Abraham Lincoln in New Hampshire" and Lincoln's travels were over roads that are to-day the Boston and Maine Railroad. When Lincoln came to Boston in 1860 the various Boston stations were located as follows: — Boston & Lowell on Causeway St. corner of Andover St. Boston & Providence on Pleasant St. opposite Eliot St. Boston & Worcester corner of Beach, Lincoln and Albany Sts. Boston and Maine, Haymarket Square. Eastern R. R. Causeway St. foot of Friend St. East Thompson (Boston & New York Central Line) foot of Summer St. (not in use). Fitchburg Railroad, Causeway St. corner of Haverhill St. Old Colony, corner of Kneeland and South Streets. The stations of the Boston & Providence, the Boston & Worcester, the Fitch- burg, the Boston & Maine and the Old Colony were the same as when Lincoln was in Boston in 1848. The Eastern Railroad opened its station on Causeway St. in 1854. The Boston & New York Central (in later years the New York & New England) had been opened into the foot of Summer St. (on the site of the present South Station) on January 1st, 1855, and the Boston & Lowell had opened its first station on Causeway Street in 1857. On Monday morning, March 5th Lincoln, saying good-bye to his son, Robert, took the train leaving Exeter at 6.57 A. M. for Boston and arrived in the Haymarket Square station at 9.00 A. M. His next objective was Hartford, but there was no train he could take until 1.30 P. M. and this was an accommodation, making all stops, arriving at Springfield at 6.00 P. M. The New York Express via Springfield leaving Boston at 3.00 P. M. was a through train to Hartford arriving there at 7.20 P. M. and this is the train that Lincoln undoubtedly took. If he had taken the 1.30 local he would have made the same connection out of Springfield. In passing through —24— Boston in 1860, Lincoln did so as a private citizen and there is no mention in the Boston papers of that day of his arrival or departure. The reason of Lincoln's failure to make any stop in Massachusetts in 1860 is given, in the Massachusetts Historical Society Proceedings, vol. 42, as delicacy on his part, as he knew that Seward was the favorite candidate for the presidential nomination and he might possibly be opposing him. Incidentally this shows what a really big man Lincoln was. How Lincoln spent his time during the six hours he had to wait in Boston for a connecting train is something no one to-day will ever know. Perhaps he went to the Tremont House for dinner, his old headquarters in 1848, but this is mere surmise. In any event we know that he took the train for Hartford from the Boston & Worcester depot on Beach Street, which was the same station he had used in 1848 and which was then the oldest railroad station in Boston, having been opened on November 7, 1836. As the Boston & Worcester was the oldest railroad in operation in Massachusetts, its first station, and con- sequently the first railroad station in Boston, was located at the corner of Wash- ington St. and Indiana Place, now known as Corning St. This station was abandoned in 1836 when the station on Beach Street was opened. Lincoln's train stopped at Worcester at 4.30 P. M. but the Worcester papers of that day make no mention of his passing through. Lincoln spoke in the Hartford City Hall on the evening of March 5th and was introduced to his audience and entertained by Gov. Buckingham. The old Hartford City Hall, in which Lincoln spoke, stands to-day in the center of the city at Main and State Streets. The building is now used mainly for patriotic purposes. The account of Lincoln's speech, as given in the Hartford Courant of March 6th, was as follows: — "The speech of Mr. Lincoln at the City Hall, last night, was the most convincing and clearest speech we ever heard made. He carried the judgment, the conscience and the good will of his audience right straight along, from beginning to end. There was humor and fun interspersed, so as to keep everybody good- natured and smiling, and at the same time the current of Mr. Lincoln's logic bore the audience along, from his initial position that slavery was morally wrong, that the framers of the constitution so regarded it, and the early statesmen of our government so treated it to the grand conclusion that it was our duty, whenever and wherever we get a chance to confine the wrong to its shelter within the slave states, and wash the hands of the nation of all contamination with its guilt. There could not have been even a ten year old boy in that crowd at the City Hall, who did not leave the room satisfied that Mr. Lincoln was right, and had argued his points man-fashion." Lincoln spent the next morning, March 6th, in Hartford and visited the bookstore of Brown and Gross where he met Gideon Welles, afterward his Secretary of the Navy, for the first time. He was also waited upon by several prominent citizens of Hartford and visited a number of points of interest in the city including the Sharps Rifle Works and the Colt armory, both of which were world famous even at that day. Christian Sharps, the inventor of the Sharps rifle, was born in New Jersey in 1811 and was a machinist by trade. He settled in Hartford in 1854 and —25— built up an enormous business in the manufacture of rifles and carbines, which were used extensively in the Civil War. At the time Lincoln visited the plant in 1860 the principal business was furnishing rifles to pioneers on the western frontier, and in those early days of the west, a man fortunate enough to possess a Sharps' rifle and a Colt's revolver was considered well armed. Sharps rifles have not been manufactured for many years. They are, however, in demand to-day by arms collectors, as are also the "Navy knife" which was attached to the Sharps carbines used by the United States Navy during the Civil War period, and were the first form of knife bayonet. They were made of the finest steel, quite heavy, could be sharpened to a razor edge and were a formidable weapon at close quarters. They are now very rare and command a high price. Christian Sharps died at Vernon, Conn, in 1874. Col. Samuel Colt was born in Hartford in 1814 and invented his world famous revolver in 1830, while a sailor on a voyage from Boston to Calcutta. Colt's revolvers were first manufactured at Paterson, N. J. in 1836 and were first used by the Army in the Seminole War, then in the Mexican War, and have been the standard side-arm of the Army and Navy of the United States from that day to the present. The plant was moved to Hartford in 1855, the Colt's Patent Fire-Arms Mfg. Co. was organized and the erection of the immense Colt's Armory began. In 1861 outside of the factories of Colt, Sharps and Remington there were scarcely any arms manufacturers of any size, in the United States, and as a consequence, in the first year of the war, vast quantities of inferior arms were imported from Europe. This soon changed as the war progressed and the American manufacturers grew from a peace to a war time basis. In three of the Civil War years alone the Colt Company furnished to the United States more than three hundred thousand revolvers, or at a rate of over one hundred thousand a year, besides immense quantities of muskets. The Colt revolving rifle was a favorite weapon of the cavalry arm. It is said that the great armory at Hartford never closed its doors during the entire four years of the war from 1861 to 1865. Col. Colt died in 1862. Colt Park in Hartford is named in his memory. In view of the vital aid rendered to the United States during the Civil War by the Colt's Patent Fire-Arms Mfg. Co. the visit of Abraham Lincoln to the Colt armory on March 6th, 1860 seems almost prophetic. Lincoln left Hartford for New Haven on the afternoon of March 6th, probably taking the train on the Hartford & New Haven R. R. leaving Hartford at 3.05 P. M. which was due at New Haven at 4.30 P. M. There is little doubt he took this train as the following train did not reach New Haven until 8.30 P. M. which would have been too late for his speech. During his stay in New Haven, Lincoln was the guest of Mr. James F. Babcock of the firm of Babcock, Sizer & Co. publishers of the New Haven Palladium. Mr. Babcock was editor and general manager of the Palladium from 1830 to 1862, during which period his newspaper achieved a leading position among the newspapers of New England. The Palladium was originally Whig in politics, but was among the first newspapers in the country to adopt the principles of the Republican party. On the evening of Tuesday, March 6th, Lincoln spoke in Union Hall, New Haven, located at 75 Union Street, one block from the old Chapel street depot. —26— The first Union Station at the foot of Meadow Street was not opened until May 24, 1875, which was fifteen years after Lincoln's visit. The historic Chapel St. depot was then converted into a public market and was destroyed by fire July 4, 1894. The New Haven Daily Palladium had the following notice of Lincoln's arrival in New Haven: — "The Hon. Abraham Lincoln has arrived in this city, so that there is no doubt that all who can get into Union Hall to-night will hear him. Of his speech in New York, the Tribune utters the following high commendation. It is probably the most systematic and complete defense yet made of the Republican position with regard to Slavery. We believe no speech has yet been made better calculated to win inteligent minds to our standard. At Union Hall to-night we shall hear one of the most effective and eloquent speakers in the United States. It is a shame to New Haven that we have as yet no Hall that can accomodate a tithe of those who would attend, but we will keep good natured and pack as close as possible, and everyone who hears the eloquent champion of Freedom will be amply repaid." Lincoln's speech in New Haven is given in full in Vol. 5 of the "Writings of Lincoln," it will also be found in the old files of the Palladium in the New Haven Public Library. The Palladium said: "As Mr. Lincoln concluded his address, there was witnessed the wildest scene of enthusiasm and excitement that has been in New Haven for years". The Palladium editorially said: "We give up most of our space to-day (March 7) to a very full report of the eloquent speech of the Hon. Abraham Lincoln of Illinois, delivered last night at Union Hall." Lincoln spent at least part of Wednesday, March 7th in New Haven and arrangements had been made to run an extra train to Meriden to leave at 6.30 P. M. the notice of this train being published in the Palladium: — "ABE LINCOLN" FOR MERIDEN HO! GRAND CAMPAIGN EXCURSION For the benefit of hundreds, if not thousands who may wish to hear the Hon. Abraham Lincoln, and may be unable to hear him in this city to-night, arrange- ments have been made to run an "Extra Train" to Meriden on Wednesday night. This train will leave New Haven at half past six o'clock and will carry a delega- tion from the Campaign Club, with a band of music. It will return immediately after the conclusion of Mr. Lincoln's speech. The Town Hall in Meriden is the largest in the state, we believe, and there will be no fear of failure to hear the eloquent speaker there. The Palladium also said in its edition of March 7th. "A very large number of our citizens went away from the hall unable to obtain admittance last night, and the room was crowded from first to last, a considerable part of the audience standing closely wedged in for more than two hours. Certainly few speakers have such power. We presume the train to Meriden to night will be crowded — for almost everybody says he MUST hear Lincoln once more. But at Meriden, there will be room enough for all." —27— Lincoln spoke in the Meriden Town Hall, located on the triangular plot of ground between East Main, Liberty and Catlin Streets. This building was erected in 1854 and was dedicated in 1855, was remodeled and enlarged in 1889-1891. It was destroyed by fire Feb. 14, 1904 and the present building was then erected. The Palladium in its edition of March 8th, says of Lincoln's Meriden speech: "It is generally conceded that the Meriden Town Hall was never so full, and that no meeting ever held there surpassed this in interest and close attention to the speaker. Democrats who had come to witness a fizzle, chuckling over the storm, went away admitting that it was a most remarkable meeting, and that Lincoln was a most remarkable man. His clear statement, irresistible logic, perfectly candid, courteous and honest manner, carried conviction of the truth of Republican principles to many, we believe, while his side splitting humor well entertained even those who bitterly hated his doctrines. As he closed, tremendous cheers were given for him, and then for Buckingham and the state ticket, the Republican cause, and the delegation from New Haven. The torch-light procession formed again and escorted Mr. Lincoln and the New Haven people back to the cars, and we packed in as best we could. The Wall- ingford Brass Band, which came on board with the delegation from that town, gave us excellent music during the evening, and were induced to continue on to New Haven, and the train reached here about twelve o'clock. A procession was then formed, and Mr. Lincoln was escorted to the house of Mr. Babcock. It was intended to serenade Mr. Greeley also, and to call him out, but he had left for New York on the boat. Mr. Babcock being called upon made a few remarks, and the throng dispersed with rousing cheers for the champion of Illinois, and his host, the state ticket, and the Republican cause, and the victory that we will win in April and November." An old resident of Meriden made a statement, from memory, more than sixty years after Lincoln's visit, that Lincoln visited some of the Meriden factories and also spent the night at the old tavern, Corner of Broad and East Main Streets. As far as the visit to the Meriden factories goes this statement is probably correct. Lincoln had all day on his hands on March 7th and he could have gone to Meriden on either the 11.00 A. M. or 3.30 P. M. trains from New Haven and it is very probable that he did so. As to spending the night in Meriden, much as we should like to give Meriden the credit of having Abraham Lincoln as an over night guest, we cannot see how it was possible, especially as the Palladium distinctly states that Lincoln returned to New Haven on the special train. Lincoln left New Haven early on the morning of March 8th — he had to — in order to spend three hours in New London and be in Providence in time to catch the 6.30 P. M. special for Woonsocket. The first morning train from Meriden to New Haven in March 1860 did not leave Meriden until 8.57 A. M. and was due at New Haven at 9.41 A. M. and there was no Shore Line con- nection until 10.55 A. M. On the morning of March 8th, 1860, Lincoln left New Haven, from the old Chapel St. depot, without question taking the 7.15 A. M. train for New London on the New Haven, New London & Stonington R. R. (Shore Line). This train was due at New London at 10.15 A. M. and Lincoln stopped over at New London for three hours, having dinner at the old City Hotel, then —28— s * Q'~ » Courtesy C. E. Fisher BOSTON & WORCESTER R. R. DEPOT, Boston. Coiivtesv L. II. Bent. .11 TAUNTON BRANCH R. R. DEPOT, Taunton, Mass. Courtesy Frank \V. Nash OLD MEETING HOUSE, HINGHAM, MASS. Lincoln's Ancestors Undoubtedly Attended This Church. taking the 1.30 p. m. train for Providence on the New York, Providence & Boston R. R. The New London Chronicle said next day (March 9): "Hon- orable Abraham Lincoln was in this city yesterday. He came from New Haven on his way to Providence and remained for some three hours". Lincoln arrived in Providence at 4.15 P. M. and took a special train for Woonsocket at 6.30 P. M. where he was to speak in Harris Hall. The notice of the meeting at Woonsocket as given in the Providence Journal was as follows: — Republican Meeting at Woonsocket The people of Woonsocket are justly proud of their fine hall. But they wish to-night that it was as large again as it is. There will be a grand rally of the citizens of the staunch old Republican towns of Smithfield and Cumberland to hear Mr. Lincoln, and to testify their interest in the triumph of Republicanism in this State. The great champion of Illinois has become as much of a favorite in New England as he is in his own state. Let every one hear him who can. So many of our friends here are anxious to listen to him again that they take a special train to Woonsocket to-night. The notice of the special train is also taken from the Providence Journal: EXCURSION. GRAND REPUBLICAN RALLY AT WOONSOCKET Arrangements have been made by the Providence & Worcester Railroad for an excursion to Woonsocket on Thursday evening next, to hear the great Cham- pion of the West, Hon. Abraham Lincoln, and other distinguished speakers. The cars will leave Providence station at 6'/2 o'clock P. M. stopping at the way stations each way. Returning leave Woonsocket at 10 o'clock P. M. A band of music will accompany the excursion. Fare for the excursion — From Providence and Pawtucket 50 cents, all places above 40 cents. Tickets to be had at Headquarters and of J. Kendrick. John Kendrick For the Committee. Harris Hall, Woonsocket, in which Abraham Lincoln spoke on the evening of Thursday, March 8th, 1860, stands to-day. The building is located on Main Street only a few hundred feet from the Woonsocket station and was given to the city by the late Edward Harris. It is now the headquarters of the Harris Institute. Lincoln was introduced to his large and enthusiastic audience at Woon- socket by Hon. Latimer W. Ballou and through the courtesy of his great- grandson Mr. Kelsey Ballou Sweatt we are able to state positively that Lincoln spent the night in Woonsocket at the home of Mr. Edward Harris, located in the northern part of the city. The account of the meeting in the Woonsocket Patriot is very poor, and for a good reason — the editor was a member of the opposite political party. The following day, March 9th, Lincoln undoubtedly took the train leaving Woonsocket for Providence at 8.25 A. M. en-route to Norwich. This train was due at Providence at 9.15 A. M. and the connecting train from Providence to —29— New London left at 12.35 P. M. This was an express stopping only at Green- wich, Kingston, Westerly, Stonington, Mystic and Groton and was due at New London at 2.45 P. M., the connecting train for Norwich on the New London Northern leaving at 3.00 P. M. Mr. Percy Coe Eggleston in his book — "Lincoln in New England," relates that it was either on this day, or the following, that while Lincoln was in the New London station a citizen approached him and requested his autograph for his daughter's collection. Lincoln borrowed a pen and placing the book against the wall of the waiting-room wrote "A. Lincoln." At 7.00 P. M. on the evening of Friday, March 9th, 1860 Lincoln spoke in the Town Hall, Norwich, which was located in the County Court House, at the corner of Church and Court Streets. This building was burned on the night of April 11, 1865. Apartment houses now occupy this site. Lincoln spent the night at the Wauregan Hotel, corner of Main Street and Broadway, then a new and handsome building, and it is said that Lincoln expressed his admira- tion of it very heartily. He received many of his admirers there after the meeting. The Wauregan Hotel is standing to-day and is still the largest hotel in Norwich. —30— ABRAHAM LINCOLN IN NORWICH, CONNECTICUT ON MARCH 9, 1860 MAKING A SPEECH IN AID OF THE REPUBLICAN PARTY IN THE CONNECTICUT ELECTION OF GOVERNOR AND STATE OFFICERS THAT WAS TO BE HELD ON THE FIRST MONDAY IN APRIL 1860 From the Norwich Bulletin of March 9, 1860. SECOND GRAND RALLY OF THE CAMPAIGN: The citizens of Norwich to be addressed by the man who, in a canvass of the State of Illinois, beat the Administration candidate by 120,419 and Senator Douglas by 3,821 votes! HON. ABRAHAM LINCOLN, OF ILLINOIS will address the citizens of Norwich upon political topics, FRIDAY EVENING, MARCH 9th, at 7 O'CLOCK. From the Norwich Bulletin of March 10, 1860. REPUBLICAN MEETING. IMMENSE ENTHUSIASM! SPEECH OF HON. A. LINCOLN! The meeting at the Town Hall Friday evening was a perfect jam. The Hall was filled to its utmost capacity, and hundreds went away from the doors disappointed at being unable to gain an entrance. A delegation of a hundred or more came down from Danielsonville to hear Mr. Lincoln speak. They were received upon their entrance into the hall with enthusiastic demonstrations of applause. In the absence of Mr. Starkweather, President of the Buckingham Cam- paign Club, who was kept at home by sickness, Hon. Joseph G. Lamb, First Vice President, presided. Mr. Lincoln was received upon his entrance into the Hall with storms of applause, loud and prolonged; and when he was introduced by Mr. Lamb, the enthusiasm of the audience knew no bounds. Cheer after cheer went up for the noble champion of Republican principles, and some minutes elapsed before the applause subsided sufficiently to allow him to commence his address. When quiet had been restored, Mr. Lincoln commenced his speech, which lasted nearly two hours, during which he was listened to with unflagging attention. Mr. Lincoln showed up the fallacy of slavery at length, and then made a manly indication of the principles of the Republican Party, urging the necessity of the union of all elements to free our country from its present rule, and closed with an eloquent exhortation for each and every one to do his duty without regard to the sneers and slanders of our political opponents. —31— At the conclusion of Mr. Lincoln's address, great enthusiasm was manifested. Messrs. John F. Trumbull of Stonington, and Daniel P. Tyler of Brooklyn, made brief speeches, when the meeting broke up. Mr. Richard McCloud of Norwich, at this writing about 84 years of age, remembers selling to Mr. Lincoln, as a newsboy at the Norwich depot, a copy of the Norwich Morning Bulletin the morning after his speech, when Lincoln left Norwich for Bridgeport at 6.00 A. M. Saturday, March 10th. While waiting for the New London Northern train at the Norwich station, Lincoln was introduced to the Rev. John P. Gulliver of Norwich, who was standing on the platform. Mr. Gulliver rode to New London with him. When Lincoln was running for President for his second term, Mr. Gulliver wrote an interesting account of this ride with Lincoln to show the human side of Lincoln to the people. The 6.00 A. M. train for Norwich was due at New London at 6.40 A. M. and Lincoln changed cars for the New Haven, New London & Stonington R. R. train for New Haven which left New London at 6.45 A. M. and was due at New Haven at 9.40 A. M. The connecting train on the New York & New Haven R. R. left New Haven at 9.45 A. M. and was due at Bridgeport at 10.27 A. M. On the evening of Saturday, March 10th, 1860 Lincoln spoke in Washington Hall of the Bridgeport City Hall before a large and enthusiastic audience. This building located at the corner of State and Broad Streets stands to-day and a bronze tablet commemorates this historic event. Lincoln was entertained at the home of Mr. Charles F. Wood, 67 Wash- ington Avenue while in Bridgeport and was presented with a bouquet of flowers and a bunch of salt hay from the Stratford meadows by a little girl, Mary A. Curtis of Stratford, later Mrs. A. C. Gunther of Elm St., Stratford. It is said that it was at the home of Mr. Wood that Lincoln ate New England fried oysters for the first time. Mr. John W. Starr, Jr., an authority on Lincoln, says that Lincoln returned to New York on the "night express" which we take to mean the express leaving Bridgeport at 9.07 P. M. after the close of his speech. This train stopped only at South Norwalk and Stamford and was due in the 27th Street station in New York at 11.10 P. M. Upon Lincoln's arrival in the old 27th St. station his New England trip of 1860 ended. He never saw New England again! Two months later he was nominated for the presidency, elected in Novem- ber and on Feb. 11, 1861 left his home at Springfield, 111. for Washington. The touching and pathetic farewell speech to his old friends and neighbors, delivered from the rear platform of the train, just before starting, may well rank with the Gettysburg address, which is pronounced to-day by literary critics, to be one of the greatest masterpieces ever written in the English language. And just a word on the official notification of the nomination of Abra- ham Lincoln for the presidency, for the destiny of America was in that nomina- tion, and Charles Carlton Coffin of Massachusetts in "Reminiscences of Abra- ham Lincoln" well describes it as an eye-witness. "On the morning after the adjournment of the Chicago convention a single passenger car drawn by one of the fastest locomotives of the Illinois Central road —32— glided out of the Grand Central Depot, bearing the committee appointed by the convention to notify Mr. Lincoln of his nomination. These were George Ashmun, of Massachusetts, President of the Convention, Julius A. Andrews of Massachusetts, George G. Fogg, John P. Hale and Amos Tuck of New Hamp- shire, William B. Kelly, of Pennsylvania, Caleb Smith of Indiana, Norman B. Judd of Chicago and Judge Carter of Ohio. There were in all, including correspondents, about thirty persons. "It was 8.30 on Saturday evening when the committee called upon Mr. Lincoln at his home — a plain, comfortable two storied house, a hallway in the center. Mr. Lincoln was standing in front of the fire-place wearing a black frock coat. He stood erect with down cast eyes. Mr. Ashmun stated briefly the action of the convention and the errand of the committee. Then came the reply found in every "life of Lincoln." With the utterance of the last syllable his manner instantly changed. A smile like the sun shining through the rift of a passing cloud sweeping over the landscape illuminated his face, lighting up every feature. "What Mr. Lincoln's feelings may have been over his nomination will never be known; doubtless he was pleased, but there was no visible elation". Of Lincoln's career as President much has been written. For four years he carried a burden such as has fallen to the lot of few men, if any, in the world's history. It was not until he met Grant — the man who never took a step back- ward — that he realized that, this was the man, who could carry the war through to a successful conclusion regardless of cost. When the word flashed back to Washington: "I propose to fight it out on this line if it takes all summer," Lincoln knew he had got a general at last. And what made Grant a great soldier, why did he succeed where others had failed? It was an indomitable will, together with the simple exercise of common-sense, a quality in which he was not surpassed by Lincoln himself, that carried Grant, from an obscure position in Galena, 111. in 1861, to be President of the United tSates in just eight years. Grant knew, when he assumed supreme command, that grand reviews, dress parades, the wearing of fancy uniforms and medals and hysterical cries of "On to Richmond" and "Falling back on Washington" would never win the war. He knew the only way to end the war was by fighting, and when he took command, the Army of the Potomac had made its last retreat. After the terrible Battle of the Wilderness, a Confederate officer, General Gordon, reported to General Lee that Grant was retreating. "You are mistaken," said that great soldier, "Grant is not retreating, he is not a retreating man." Grant, although educated at West Point, was never a "book soldier". The fashion of the day was to quote "what Napoleon would do". Grant cared nothing about that, in fact he never had a very high opinion of Napoleon anyway, except that he appreciated his military genius, and there again Grant showed his great common-sense. It was what he did, not what someone else had done, that counted in the great crisis, and from the hour Grant took command Lincoln never doubted the final result. The late Ex-Governor George S. Boutwell of Massachusetts and Secretary of the Treasury in the administration of Grant, has said that the three great papers on which Lincoln's fame will be carried along the ages are: the Proclama- tion of Emancipation, the oration at Gettysburg and the second inaugural —33— address. When Lincoln signed the Emancipation Proclamation on January 1st 1863 he gave the pen to Senator Charles Sumner of Massachusetts to be presented to George Livermore of Cambridge, a friend of Senator Sumner, who was the author of an interesting work on slavery. Outside of his official papers the letter to Mrs. Bixby of Boston is one of the most famous. This letter was dated Nov. 21, 1864 and written to a lady who had given, as was then supposed, five sons to the country. Dear Madam: — I have been shown, in the files of the War Department, a statement, of the Adjutant-General of Massachusetts, that you are the mother of five sons who have died gloriously on the field of battle. I feel how weak and fruitless must be any words of mine which should attempt to beguile you from a loss so overwhelming. But I cannot refrain from tendering to you the consolation that may be found in the thanks of the Republic they died to save. I pray that our Heavenly Father may assuage the anguish of your bereavement, and leave you only the cherished memory of the loved and lost, and the solemn pride that must be yours to have laid so costly a sacrifice upon the altar of freedom. Yours, very sincerely and respectfully, Abraham Lincoln. To Mrs. Bixby, Boston, Massachusetts. Of this letter Gov. Boutwell says: "I imagine that all history and all litera- ture may be searched, and in vain, for a funeral tribute so touching, so com- prehensive, so fortunate in expression as this." One of Lincoln's traits of character that will live in history was his quality of mercy. How many men he saved from being shot for sleeping on post and as many more from a court-martial sentence of death. The father, mother, wife or sweetheart of the condemned never visited the White House in vain, and there were hundreds of such cases in the four years of one of the greatest and most terrible wars in the history of the human race. "Do not execute this sentence until further orders from me", was the frequent message various generals received from the President. One case is typical of many. The Judge Advocate General of the Army called on Lincoln to secure his approval of a sentence of execution. The President looked at the paper and said, "Holt, we have got too many widows and orphans now, and you are asking me to make another, well, it's no use for I shan't do it". A phase in the history of Lincoln's life that has never received the full recognition it deserves, is Mrs. Lincoln's connection with the presidency. Lincoln married Mary Todd at Springfield, 111. on Nov. 4, 1842. Mary Todd was then a high spirited, beautiful, well educated and intensely ambitious Kentucky girl of one of the best families in Lexington. Lincoln then, no matter what he became later, was a poor struggling lawyer and, of course, being without early advantages, rather crude. But Mary Todd, with the natural intuition of a woman, saw the genius in Lincoln and was clever enough to see that he was meant for big things not for little, and from that moment she devoted her energies to pushing Lincoln ahead. Years before any one else dreamed that Lincoln would ever occupy the White House, she —34— had her eye on that goal, and she knew that if Lincoln once reached there, he would fill that exalted position. But even she did not realize, when Lincoln held the office of President of the United States, that no man but Washington would ever be considered as his superior. Would Lincoln ever have reached the presidency without the support, yes and devoted support, of. Mrs. Lincoln? While this is a question no living man can answer, we are almost tempted to answer in the negative. Lincoln, like Grant, and like all really big men, never had an exalted opinion of his own ability. Both he and Grant were modest and unassuming to a fault and both showed it on a thousand occasions. When Lincoln spoke in Meriden, he was amazed to learn that a professor of rhetoric at Yale heard his speech in New Haven and was so impressed that he followed him to Meriden to hear him again. When Wayne McVeagh rode with him on the train from Gettysburg to Baltimore and told him the immortal address would live in history, Lincoln said that such a statement was "extrav- agant". So it is a question whether Mr. Lincoln, single-handed, and without the aid of a devoted and ambitious wife, would not have considered the pres- idency unattainable. And what an awful price Mrs. Lincoln paid for the occupancy of the White House! Four years of fearful suspense, of days when the fate of the Republic hung in the balance, the death of one of her children and the final tragedy when her husband was shot down at her side. The American people owe a debt that can never be repaid to Mary Todd Lincoln for she helped, as far as it was possible for a woman to do so, to put Abraham Lincoln in the White House. Abraham Lincoln's family came from Hingham, England and settled in Hingham, Massachusetts, where they lived for nearly a century, his ancestor being Samuel Lincoln of Hingham, England who settled in Hingham, Massa- chusetts in 1637. The ancestry of President Lincoln is as follows: — 1 — Samuel from Hingham, England, died at Hingham, Mass. May 26, 1690 age 71. 2 — Mordecai, born in Hingham, Mass. June 14, 1657, died in Scituate, Mass. Nov. 28, 1727. "Blacksmith" and the proprietor of iron works, saw mills and grist mill. Resided in second precinct and in Scituate near Hingham line. 3 — Mordecai, born in Hingham, Mass. April 24, 1686, removed to Monmouth County, N. J. and died at Amity, Pa. May 12, 1736. 4 — John, born at Freehold, N. J. May 3, 1716 and died Nov. 1778 on Linville Creek, Rockingham County, Va. 5 — Abraham, born May 13, 1744 in Berks Co., Pa. Moved to Virginia with his father and seems to have lived there until he moved to Kentucky. Was killed by Indians in Jefferson County in May 1786. 6 — Thomas, born in Rockingham County, Va. Jan 5 (or 6) 1778. Died at Farm- ington, 111. Jan. 17, 1851 and was the father of President Lincoln. The above is taken from "Barton's Lineage of Lincoln" and from the "History of Hingham," published by the Town in 1893. —35— Abraham Lincoln himself knew nothing of his ancestry beyond his grand- father, which is not at all strange, considering the rough frontier country in which he was brought up, where there was neither time nor opportunity for the study of family history. It was only after Lincoln had achieved immortal fame that historians and scholars commenced the research work in connection with his ancestry. Lincoln's lack of knowledge of his ancestry is shown in a letter dated Springfield, 111. Dec. 20, 1859 and addressed to J. W. Fell, Esq. in response to a request for a sketch of his life. The letter is preserved in the collection of Mrs. H. V. Fell, Normal, 111. In this letter Lincoln says: "I was born Feb. 12, 1809 in Hardin Co., Kentucky" etc. and then traces his family back to his grandfather — but not beyond — except to say his ancestors, who were Quakers, went to Virginia from Berks County, Pa. Lincoln closes the sketch by saying "If any personal description of me is thought desirable, it may be said I am, in height, six feet four inches, nearly; lean in flesh, weighing on an average 180 lbs.; dark complexion, with coarse black hair and gray eyes. No other brands or marks recollected." There is no reason to doubt that if Lincoln had been aware of his Hingham ancestry, he would have visited Hingham, either on his New England trip of 1848 or of 1860. Curiosity, if nothing more, would have prompted such a move, and if this visit had been made, it would have been one of the priceless memories of this beautiful old town to-day. Hingham, Plymouth County, Massachusetts, the home of the ancestors of President Lincoln, is located on the South Shore branch of the New York, New Haven & Hartford Railroad, about half way between Boston and Plymouth. The portion of the town at the head of Hingham Harbor was the site of the first settlement in 1633, which was called Bare Cove. The town was settled by Rev. Peter Hobart and his followers from Hingham, England and the name was changed from Bare Cove to Hingham on September 2, 1635. The splendid genealogical volumes of the "History of Hingham," among the best and simplest arranged work of its kind, says of the Lincoln family: "Among the earlier settlers of our Hingham were eight persons (males) of mature age bearing this surname of whom mention is made upon the records of the town. Among them were four Thomases, distinguished from each other by their occupations: cooper, husbandman, miller and weaver. Two Daniels, Samuel, and Stephen." Samuel Lincoln (President Lincoln's ancestor) had two brothers who were also residents of Hingham, Daniel Lincoln the husbandman and Thomas Lincoln, the weaver. Daniel died in 1644 leaving a considerable property to his brother Samuel. Thomas died in 1675 and although twice married left no children. He also left some of his estate to his brother Samuel, but a larger portion to Samuel's children. In 1649 Samuel Lincoln purchased of Cornelius Canterbury the estates now owned by Mrs. George M. Soule, and heirs of Asa Lincoln deceased, on North Street near the present Hingham station. One branch of Samuel Lincoln's descendants still occupies a part of the original homestead. Samuel was a "weaver" and known also as "mariner". His descendants are numerous and "widely scattered". -36— Very few of President Lincoln's branch of the family reside in Hingham to-day, though there are many descendants of the other branches, and there are many Lincoln's residing in Hingham at the present time. Samuel Lincoln's son, Mordecai, who married Sarah Jones, daughter of Abraham Jones of Hull, named one of his sons Abraham. This son, born in Hingham in 1688, was the first Abraham Lincoln in President Lincoln's family. The old Meeting-House in Hingham, located on Main Street, not far from the Hingham station, is one of the oldest in the United States. Built in 1681 and first occupied on Jan. 8, 1682, there is no question that the ancestors of President Lincoln attended this church. In the old cemetery in the rear of the building are buried Major-General Benjamin Lincoln of the Revolution, friend of Washington, and Secretary of War 1781-1784, and John A. Andrew, the great War-Governor of Massachusetts, the close friend of President Lincoln. Main Street of Hingham is one of the most beautiful in New England, with fine old trees and colonial houses dating back to the early years of the town. Hingham depot is one of the oldest and most historic railroad stations in the United States, having been in continuous use from the opening of the South Shore Railroad on January 1st 1849. On that night there was a grand celebration and dinner given in the hall over the station and this hall has remained unchanged down to the present day. The names of nearly all the first settlers of Hingham, including the Lincoln family, are perpetuated in the town to-day. The Hingham Historical Society have fine quarters not far from the station, in what was formerly one of the old taverns. The late John D. Long, Governor of Massachusetts, and Secretary of the Navy in the Spanish-American War was a resident for many years. President Lincoln's death was one of the greatest tragedies in the history of America. At the zenith of his fame, after peace was declared and when his wise counsel was most needed he was stricken by a low assassin, and more horrible to relate this dastardly deed was not the act of a half witted fanatic but a young man of fine family and education, a black sheep, too cowardly to fight in the Confederate ranks like a soldier and a man, but who could sneak and spy and plot dark intrigue at the rear. On the evening of April 14, 1865 the President gave his friend, George Ashmun of Massachusetts a little note in pencil "Allow Mr. Ashmun and friend to come in at 9 A. M. to-morrow — A. Lincoln". These were the last words he ever wrote. Holland in his life of Lincoln says: "It is a strange coincidence that the man who received Mr. Lincoln's first spoken and written utterances as the standard bearer of the Republican party, received the last word he ever wrote as President of the United States." George Ashmun was born at Bradford, Mass in 1804 and graduated at Yale in 1823, becoming a lawyer at Springfield, Mass. He was a Whig member of Congress from 1845 to 1851 and was in Congress at the same time with Lincoln and it was then that the long friendship between the two began. It was Mr. Ashmun, who was also a friend of Douglas, who persuaded Mr. Douglas to call at the White House and tender his support to the administration at the —37— beginning of the war, and through him the two old enemies of debate became fast friends. There is little doubt it was largely through Mr. Ashmun that Lincoln made his New England trip of 1848. Just after the note for Mr. Ashmun was written the President and Mrs. Lincoln left for Ford's Theatre to witness the play — "Our American Cousin," and it was there while they were quietly sitting in the box that had been reserved for them that the fatal shot was fired. Holland in his life of Abraham Lincoln says: "In Mr. Lincoln's life and character, the American people have received a benefaction not less in per- manent importance and value, than in the revolution in opinion and policy by which he introduced them to a new national life. He has given them a statesman without a statesman's craftiness, a politician without a politician's meanness, a great man without a great man's vices, a philanthropist without a philanthropist's inpracticable dreams, a Christian without pretensions, a ruler without the pride of place and power, an ambitious man without selfishness, and a successful man without vanity. "On the basis of such a manhood as this, all the coming generations of the nation will not fail to build high and beautiful ideals of human excellence, whose attractive power shall raise to a nobler level the moral sense and moral character of the nation. This true manhood — simple, unpretending, sympathetic with all humanity, and reverent toward God — is among the noblest of the nation's treasures; and through it, God has breathed, and will continue to breathe, into the nation, the elevating and purifying power of his own divine life. "Humble child of the backwoods — boatman, ax-man, hired laborer, clerk, surveyor, captain, legislator, lawyer, debater, orator, politician, statesman, President, savior of the republic, emancipator of a race, true Christian, true man — we receive thy life and its immeasurably great results, as the choicest gifts that a mortal has ever bestowed upon us; grateful to thee for thy truth to thyself, to us, and to God; and grateful to that ministry of Providence and grace which endowed thee so richly, and bestowed thee upon the nation and mankind". The days of Lincoln are history now. Were he and Grant living to-day they would see a country united far beyond their fondest hopes. They had the greatest vision of any men of their day. Lincoln's fame, like that of Washington, will never die. Washington created the nation and Lincoln saved it. A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE VARIOUS NEW ENGLAND ROADS ON WHICH LINCOLN WAS A PASSENGER, WHICH ARE NOW THE NEW HAVEN AND THE BOSTON & ALBANY BOSTON & PROVIDENCE R. R.— This was one of the three original roads out of Boston and the first railroad to enter Providence. It was chartered on June 22, 1831 and opened to Readville, with the "Locomotive Engine Whistler" on June 4, 1834. It was opened to Canton Sept. 12, 1834 and to Providence on June 11, 1835, with a transfer around the Canton Viaduct by stage. The Viaduct was opened July 28, 1835 and was one of the greatest engineering feats of its day. —38— It was built by Major William Gibbs McNeill, Corps of Engineers, U. S. A. and is to-day one of the finest and also one of the oldest structures of its kind in the United States. It was originally planned to use horses as the motive power on the Boston & Providence, but this idea was soon abandoned in favor of the locomotive. The first station in Providence was at India Point, the present main line from East Junction to Boston Switch being built in 1847-1848 so that Boston & Providence trains could use the first Union Station in Providence (in which Lincoln spoke in 1860). The Boston & Providence was leased to the Old Colony on April 7, 1888 and became the Providence Division of the Old Colony Railroad. With this lease the Old Colony acquired the beautiful Park Square Station, which had been built by the Boston & Providence and opened Jan. 4, 1875. For many years the Lincoln statue in Park Square faced this station. The Boston & Providence came into the New Haven System by its lease of the Old Colony Railroad on March 1, 1893, and forms to-day an important link in the great Shore Line Route between Boston and New York. Abraham Lincoln rode on the Boston & Providence Railroad on both of his New England trips in 1848 and in 1860. HARTFORD & NEW HAVEN R. R. — This was one of the oldest railroads in Connecticut and the first to enter New Haven. It was chartered in May, 1833 and opened from New Haven to Meriden, Dec. 3, 1838, to Hart- ford in Dec. 1839 and to Springfield, Dec. 9, 1844. Abraham Lincoln used this road; March 5, 1860, Springfield to Hartford; March 6th, Hartford to New Haven; March 7th, New Haven to Meriden and return. On July 24, 1872 the Hartford & New Haven and the New York & New Haven entered into an agreement for merger of the two companies as the New York, New Haven & Hartford Railroad. This was the beginning of the New Haven System of to-day. NEW BEDFORD & TAUNTON R. R.— This was another of the early New England roads, chartered in 1839 and opened July 2, 1840. Its history is practically the same as the Taunton Branch and it came to the New Haven with its lease of the Old Colony. Lincoln used this road on his trip to New Bedford, Sept. 14, 1848. NEW HAVEN, NEW LONDON & STONINGTON R. R.— This road was originally known as the New Haven & New London R. R., and was opened from New Haven to the Connecticut River on July 6, 1852 and to New London July 22, 1852. The name was changed to New Haven, New London & Stonington R. R. in 1856 and again changed to Shore Line Railway on June 1, 1866. It was leased in perpetuity on Nov. 1, 1870 to the New York & New Haven R. R. which in turn became the New York, New Haven & Hartford R. R. in 1872. Lincoln's journeys over the New Haven, New London & Stonington R. R. were: Feb. 28, 1860, New Haven to New London; March 8, 1860, New Haven to New London; March 10, 1860, New London to New Haven. This road to- day is another important link in the Shore Line route. —39- NEW YORK, PROVIDENCE & BOSTON R. R.— This company was chartered in 1832 to construct a railroad from Providence to Stonington, connecting with the Stonington Line steamers to New York, a connection formerly made by stage-coach. It was opened on Nov. 17, 1837. The first station in Providence was directly across the entrance of Providence River from Fox Point and there was a ferry connection with the Boston and Providence Railroad. When the first Union Station in Providence was erected in 1848, the New York, Providence & Boston, in order to reach the new station, built from Roger Williams Park through Cranston and Olneyville in a semi-circle into the center of Providence where the new station was located. This connection made a through line from Boston to Stonington. A. S. Mathews, who was superintendent when Lincoln rode the N. Y. P. & B. was succeeded by }. B. Gardiner who had entered the service of the road in 1851. The terminal of the New York, Providence & Boston was for many years at Groton, with ferry connection to New London, up to the time of the opening of the first Thames River Bridge on Oct. 10, 1889. The New York, Providence & Boston came into the New Haven System on April 1, 1892. Lincoln's travels on the New York, Providence & Boston R. R. were: Feb. 28, 1860, New London to Providence; March 8, 1860, New London to Providence; March 9, 1860, Providence to New London. NEW YORK & NEW HAVEN R. R.— This company was chartered in 1844 to construct a railroad from New Haven to Williams Bridge, then a town in Westchester County, where it was to connect with the Harlem road. By an agreement dated March 17, 1848 the Harlem tracks were to be used into the City of New York. It is interesting to note that this contract of 1848, with modifications, is still in effect. The first station in New York was at 29 Canal Street, the cars being hauled down town by horses. On July 15, 1857 the New Haven moved up town to a joint station with the Harlem road at 4th Avenue and 27th. Street, on the site of old Madison Square Garden. This was the station that Lincoln used in 1860. When the New York & New Haven was first projected it was gravely doubted if it would be successful, as its four principal stations, New Haven, Bridgeport, South Norwalk and Stamford, were well served by steamer connection with New York City. But the unexpected happened and traffic increased at such a rate it was necessary to double track the road before it had been in operation five years. This piece of road to-day is the famous New York Division of the New York, New Haven & Hartford Railroad, one of the finest pieces of railroad property in the world, with four tracks, rock ballast, day-light signals, electrically operated, equipped with every device known to modern science for the handling of its trains, and without a grade crossing on the entire line. It is the gateway from New York to New England and has the greatest density of traffic of any electrically operated railroad in the world. And all this started with a little single-track road on December 29, 1848 running two trains a day between New Haven and New York! Mr. R. B. Mason, the first superintendent of the road went with the Illinois Central and was Mayor of Chicago at the time of the great Chicago fire. He was succeeded by George W. Whistler, Jr. from 1851 to 1853 and then came James H. Hoyt who was superintendent for many years. —40— Lincoln's travels on the New York & New Haven were: Feb. 28, 1860, New York to New Haven; March 10, 1860, New Haven to Bridgeport and Bridgeport to New York. NORWICH & WORCESTER R. R.— This was one of the very early New England roads, chartered in 1836 and was opened on March 9, 1840. It connected at Norwich, and later at Allyns Point, with the Norwich Line steamers for New York. It was leased to the Boston, Hartford & Erie (later New York & New England) R. R. on Feb. 9, 1869, but its cars and engines were still lettered Norwich & Worcester for many years thereafter. It came into the New Haven System with its lease of the New England road on July 1, 1898. Mr. P. St. M. Andrews was connected with the Norwich & Worcester for over half a century, the greater part of the time as superintendent, entering the employ of the company in Nov. 1846. The opening notice of the Norwich & Worcester in the Boston Advertiser of March 9, 1840 says: — "Norwich Route to New York — The daily line of locomotives and steamboats to New York, by way of Worcester and Norwich opens to-day. The train leaves this city for the present at 1 o'clock, because the connection of the railroad with the steamboat wharf at Norwich, is not entirely completed, and it is, therefore desirable to get on board the boat before dark. It is intended in the course of a few weeks to change the hour of leaving Boston to 3 o'clock. It is expected that the route will be accomplished from Boston to Norwich, 104 miles, in five hours — stopping only once for water and fuel, on the Boston & Worcester road at Framingham, and twice between Worcester and Norwich. The cars are of the most commodious kind, with eight wheels, running through from Boston to Norwich, and the baggage will be deposited in crates, to be carried without opening to New York." The above is historically valuable as showing the origin of the modern crate car. This same idea was also later used on the Fall River Line Steamboat Express of the Old Colony Railroad for many years. Lincoln rode on the Norwich & Worcester, presumably on Sept. 12, 1848, en-route from New York to Worcester via Norwich Line. PROVIDENCE & WORCESTER R. R.— This company was incorporated in 1844 and opened Oct. 25, 1847. It was the opening of this road that sealed the doom of the old Blackstone Canal. It entered Providence near the center of population on the south side of the Cove. The Boston & Providence and the New York, Providence & Boston R. R. recognizing the value of the location of the Providence & Worcester in Providence, united in the building of the first Union Station in 1848. The Providence & Worcester R. R. was leased to the New York, Providence & Boston R. R. on May 1, 1889 and came into the New Haven System with its lease of the latter company in 1892. Lincoln rode on the Providence & Worcester March 8, 1860 on the special train from Providence to Woonsocket and on March 9, 1860 from Woonsocket to Providence. Whether he was a passenger on this road from Worcester to Providence on his trip from Worcester to New Bedford on Sept. 14, 1848, is not positively known. TAUNTON BRANCH RAILROAD— This was one of the very early New England roads, chartered in 1835 and opened between Mansfield and Taunton —41— on August 8, 1836. After two changes of ownership it became a part of the Old Colony Railroad on Feb. 1, 1879 and came to the New Haven with its lease of the Old Colony R. R. Lincoln used the Taunton Branch on his trip to New Bedford on Sept. 14, 1848 and probably also on his trip to Taunton on Sept. 21, 1848. BOSTON & WORCESTER AND WESTERN RAILROADS— The his- tory of both of these companies has already been mentioned, but a few additional notes may be of interest. On June 27, 1827, in an editorial in the Boston Courier, its editor Joseph T. Buckingham remarked that "a railroad from Boston to Albany is as useless as a railroad from Boston to the moon" — evidently the gentleman changed his mind, for his name appears as one of the incorporators of the Boston & Worcester Railroad on June 23, 1831. (Mass. Acts 1831 Chapter LXXII). The Boston & Worcester R. R. was opened from Boston to Worcester on July 4, 1835 and was a success from the start. At the celebration of the completion of the Bunker Hill Monument on June 17, 1843, the road ran many extra trains to Boston and so tremendous were the crowds on that day that the company were compelled to advertise that — "In consequence of a deficiency of a sufficient number of passenger cars, freight cars fitted with seats will be attached to the extra trains in which second class fares will be charged." Walter H. Barnes, afterward the General Manager of the Boston & Albany for many years, was a clerk in the ticket and freight office in Worcester when Lincoln passed over the road in 1860, Henry T Gallup, afterward General Superintendent, was a conductor at that time. Ginery Twitchell who was Asst. Superintendent of the Boston & Worcester when Lincoln passed over the road in 1848, and the President of the company when Lincoln rode from Boston to Springfield in 1860, was an old stage-coach driver who engaged in the business of carrying the mail in 1830 and was the first to establish a daily line of coaches between Boston and Brattleboro, Vt. Like many of the old stage coach men he turned to railroading and became connected with the Boston & Worcester in 1847. When the Western Railroad was opened to Springfield there was an immediate connection with the Boston and Worcester. The first time table on Oct. 1, 1839 states that the "new arrangement of the cars commences to-day." The station of the Western Railroad in Worcester was on Washington Square and was known as the "Lower Station" — Foster St. becoming known as the "Upper Station." The first station of the Western Railroad in Washing- ton Square lasted until the opening of the first Union Station in 1875, and that in turn gave way to the present union station on June 4, 1911, so that there has been a railroad station in Washington Square, Worcester ever since 1839. The Boston & Worcester and the Western Railroad were consolidated as the present Boston & Albany Railroad in 1867. Lincoln's travels on the Boston & Worcester and the Western Railroads were: Sept. 23, 1848, Boston to Albany; March 5, 1860 Boston to Springfield. There is a possibility that Lincoln may have used the Boston & Worcester from Worcester to Boston, on his way to New Bedford, on Sept. 14, 1848 but this is not positively known. —42— NEW LONDON NORTHERN RAILROAD. NEW LONDON TO BRATTLEBORO, VT.— This company was chartered in May, 1847, as the New London, Willimantic & Springfield R. R., but the name was changed to New London, Willimantic & Palmer in May 1848. The road was opened to Willimantic in Sept. 1849 and to Palmer in Sept. 1850. It was sold under foreclosure in 1859 and reorganized as the New London Northern Railroad. The Amherst & Belchertown was opened from Palmer to Amherst in May 1853; reorganized as the Amherst, Belchertown & Palmer in 1858, purchased by the New London Northern in 1864 and extended to Millers Falls in 1867. The Millers Falls Branch of the Vermont & Massachusetts Railroad, extending from Millers Falls to Brattleboro was bought by the New London Northern on May 1, 1880. The New London Northern was leased to the Central Vermont on Dec. 1, 1871, although its engines and cars were still lettered New London Northern for many years thereafter. Lincoln's travels on the New London Northern were: March 9, 1860, New London to Norwich; March 10, 1860 Norwich to New London. COMPLETE LINCOLN DATES IN NEW ENGLAND OF HIS TWO VISITS IN 1848 AND 1860. 1848 September 12 — Worcester, Mass. September 13 — Worcester, Mass. September 14 — New Bedford, Mass. September 15 — Boston, Mass. September 16 — Lowell, Mass. September 17 — Lowell, Mass. (Sunday) September 18 — Dorchester Lower Mills, Mass. September 19 — Chelsea, Mass. September 20 — Dedham, Mass. (afternoon) September 20 — Cambridge. Mass. (evening) September 2! — Taunton, Mass. September 22 — Boston, Mass. (Tremont Temple) September 23— Boston, Mass. (left at 8.00 A. M. for Albany) 1860 February 27 — New York, N. Y. February 28 — Providence, R. I. February 29— Boston, (left for Exeter at 2.30 P. M.) March 1 — Lawrence, Manchester and Concord.* March 2 — Manchester to Lawrence and Dover* March 3 — Dover and Exeter.* March 4 — (Sunday) at Exeter.* March 5— Left Exeter 6.57 A. M. for Boston. March 5 — Hartford, Ct. (evening). March 6 — New Haven, Ct. March 7 — Meriden, Ct. March 8 — Woonsocket, R. 1. March 9 — Norwich, Ct. March 10 — Bridgeport, Ct. March 11— New York, N. Y. * See "Abraham Lincoln in New Hampshire," by Elwin L. Page. ITINERARY OF ABRAHAM LINCOLN'S NEW ENGLAND TRIP OF 1860 NOTE — These schedules are taken from Snow's Pathfinder and Railway Guide for March 1860, and in a few cases are approximate, but as they were the only trains that would meet Lincoln's speaking engagements, they are undoubtedly correct. STATION Lve. New York, 27th St. Arr. New Haven Lve. " Arr. New London Lve. Arr. Providence Lve. Arr. Boston Lve. Arr. Exeter, N. H. ROAD N. Y. & N. H. N. L. R H. & S. N. Y. P. & B. B. & P. R. R. B. & M. R. R. TIME DATE 8.00 A.M. Tuesday, Feb. 28. 10.50 A.M. 10.55 A.M. 1.15 P.M. 1.30 P.M. 4.15 P.M. 10.40 A. M. Wednesday, Feb. 29. 12.35 P. M. 2.30 P.M. 4.27 P. M. For Lincoln's itinerary from Wednesday afternoon Feb. 29th. to Monday morning March 5th, see "Abraham Lincoln in New Hampshire" by Elwin L. Page. All of Lincoln's travel between these dates was over roads which are now the Boston and Maine. Lve. Exeter, N. H. B. & M. R. R. 6.57 A.M. Monday, March 5. Arr. Boston " 9.00 A.M. " Lve. B. & W. R. R 3.00 P. M. " Arr. Worcester " 4.30 P.M. " Lve. Western R R 4.30 P.M. " Arr. Springfield " 6.15 P.M. " Lve. H. & N. H. R. R 6.30 P.M. " Arr. Hartford " 7.20 P.M. " Lve. " " 3.05 P. M.Tuesday, March 6. Arr. New Haven »» 4.30 P.M. " Lve. Ex. Train " 6.30 P. M. Wednesday, March 7 Arr. Meriden " " Lve. it " Arr. New Haven " 12.00 Night " Lve. N. H. N. L. & S. R. R. 7.15A.M. Thursday, March 8. Arr. New London if 10.15 A.M. " Lve. N . Y. P. & B. R. R. 1.30 P.M. " Arr. Providence " 4.15 P.M. " Lve. Ex. Train P. & W. R. R. 6.30 P.M. " Arr. Woonsocket " " Lve. " 8.25 A. M. F: Arr. Providence " 9.15 A.M. " Lve. N . Y. P. & B. R. R. 12.35 P. M. " Arr. New London " 2.45 P. M. " Lve. " N. L. N. R. R. 3.00 P.M. " Arr. Norwich " 3.40 P. M. " Lve. " t> 6.00 A.M. Saturday, March 10. Arr. New London ** 6.40 A.M. " Lve. " N. H. N. L. & S. R. R. 6.45 A.M. " Arr. New Haven " 9.30 A.M. " Lve. N. Y. & N. H. 9.45 A.M. " Arr. Bridgeport " 10.27 A.M. " Lve. " }i 9.07 P. M. " Arr. New York, 27th St. n 11.10P.M. " Time shown on Extra Train from New Haven to Meriden and from Providence to Woonsocket is taken from the newspapers of that day, as these trains were not authorized by a time table schedule. -44- No. 132 Snow's Pathfinder, March 1860 NEW YORK & NEW HAVEN R. R. THROUGH TRAINS. NEW YORK TO NEW HAVEN. A.M. A.M. P.M. P.M. P.M. P.M. 27th St. N. Y. 7.00 8.00 12.15 3.15 3.50 4.30 42nd St. N. Y. 7.08 8.10 12.23 3.25 4.00 4.40 Williamsbridge. 7.37 12.47 5.07 Mount Vernon. 7.45 12.54 4.35 5.15 New Rochelle. 7.53 1.02 4.43 5.23 Mamaroneck. 8.01 1.09 4.51 5.31 Rye. 8.09 1.17 4.58 5.39 Port Chester. 8.14 1.22 5.04 5.44 Greenwich. 8.21 1.29 5.11 5.51 Cos Cob. 8.26 Stamford 8.37 9.20 1.44 4.40 5.27 6.07 Darien. 8.48 1.54 5.38 6.18 Norwalk. 8.55 2.02 4.58 5.46 6.26 Westport. 9.05 2.10 5.55 6.36 Southport. 9.16 2.20 6.05 6.46 Fairfield. 9.21 2.25 6.10 6.51 Bridgeport. 9.32 10.12 2.35 5.27 6.19 7.00 Stratford. 9.43 2.45 6.29 7.10 N. R. R. Jet. 9.50 f f Milford 10.00 2.57 6.41 7.22 West Haven f f f NEW HAVEN. 10.20 10.50 3.15 6.05 7.00 7.40 A.M. A.M. P.M. P.M. P.M. P.M. THROUGH TRAINS. NEW HAVEN TO NEW YORK. A.M. A.M. A.M. P.M. P.M. P.M. NEW HAVEN. 5.30 7.00 9.45 2.00 4.30 8.30 West Haven. f f f f Milford. 5.48 7.18 10.04 4.49 N. R. R. Jet. f f f f Stratford. 5.59 7.29 10.16 5.00 Bridgeport. 6.10 7.39 10.27 2.38 5.10 9.07 Fairfield. 6.20 7.49 10.37 5.19 Southport. 6.25 7.53 10.42 5.24 Westport. 6.35 8.03 10.52 5.34 Norwalk. 6.44 8.13 11.02 3.05 5.44 9.35 Darien. 6.52 8.21 5.52 Stamford. 7.07 8.36 11.22 3.25 6.04 9.54 Cos Cob. 7.16 f . f f Greenwich. 7.21 8.48 11.34 6.17 Port Chester. 7.28 8.55 11.41 6.24 Rye. 7.33 9.00 11.46 6.29 Mamaroneck. 7.42 9.09 11.54 6.37 New Rochelle. 7.51 9.17 12.02 6.45 Mount Vernon. 8.00 9.25 12.10 6.53 Williamsbridge. 8.08 9.33 12.18 7.01 42nd St. N. Y. 8.38 10.02 12.45 4.33 7.28 11.04 27th St. N. Y. 8.45 10.10 12.55 4.40 7.35 11.10 A.M. A.M. P.M. P.M. P.M. P.M. No. 132 Snow's Pathfinder, March 1860 NEW HAVEN, NEW LONDON & STONINGTON RAILROAD. New London to New Haven. P.M. P.M. A.M. A.M. 6.00 2.40 11.00 6.45 6.07 11.10 6.53 6.17 11.22 7.02 6.27 11.34 7.15 6.33 11.42 7.23 6.40 11.50 7.30 6.50 12.00 7.40 6.55 12.05 7.45 7.04 12.17 7.55 7.15 12.31 8.10 7.23 12.41 8.20 f 3.22 f 8.27 7.33 12.53 8.35 7.44 1.07 8.52 7.52 1.16 9.03 f f 9.13 8.08 1.34 9.22 8.15 4.30 1.40 9.30 P.M. P.M. P.M. A.M. NEW LONDON. Waterford. East Lyme. South Lyme. Black Hall. Lyme. Conn. River. Saybrook. Westbrook. Clinton. Madison. East River. Guilford. Stony Creek. Branford. East Haven. Fair Haven. NEW HAVEN. New Haven to New London. A.M. P.M. P.M. 10.15 1.15 5.10 10.03 1.08 9.50 1.00 9.37 12.51 9.27 12.45 9.20 12.41 4.41 9.10 12.31 9.05 12.27 8.48 12.17 8.33 11.57 8.20 11.47 8.12 f 8.07 11.35 3.52 7.53 11.23 7.43 11.17 7.30 f 7.22 11.00 7.15 10.55 3.20 A.M. A.M. P.M. F. J. Calhoun, Supt. P.M. 8.30 8.20 8.13 8.03 7.57 7.52 7.42 7.37 7.27 7.15 7.04 6.56 6.50 6.36 6.28 6.18 6.10 6.05 P.M. No. 132 Snow's Pathfinder, March I860 NEW YORK, ] PROVIDENCE AND BOSTON RAILROAD Providence to New London New London to Providence 3 .M. P.M. A.M. A.M. A.M. P.M. P.M. 6.55 3.15 12.35 7.45 PROVIDENCE. 10.00 4.15 7.30 3.25 7.55 Junction. 9.48 4.05 3.33 8.02 Warwick. 9.40 3.57 7.24 3.45 12.57 8.14 Greenwich. 9.25 3.45 7.04 4.00 8.30 Wickford. 9.09 3.27 7.45 4.20 1.24 8.52 Kingston. 8.52 3.10 6.39 4.36 9.10 Carolina. 8.31 2.48 4.44 9.17 Richmond Switch. 8.25 2.42 4.54 9.27 Charlestown. 8.14 2.33 8.30 5.06 1.57 9.39 Westerly. 8.00 2.22 6.02 8.42 5.20 2.10 9.52 Stonington. 7.45 2.10 5.52 5.43 2.19 10.02 Mystic. 7.30 2.00 5.43 5.46 10.05 West Mystic. 7.27 1.57 5.56 10.15 Poquonnock. 7.17 1.47 6.06 2.35 10.25 Groton. 7.10 1.40 5.25 6.13 2.45 10.35 New London. 7.00 1.30 5.15 P.M. P.M. A.M. A.M. P.M. P.M. Freight and Passenger train to Ston- ington leaves Providence at 1.15 P. M. arrives Stonington at 4.50 P. M. Train leaving Providence at 6.55 P. M. Stonington Line Boat Train. Mail train leaves Stonington every morning, except Monday on arrival of steamer from New York. A. S. Matthews, Supt. Stonington. No. 132 Snow's Pathfinder, March 1860 BOSTON AND PROVIDENCE RAILROAD. BOSTON TO PROVIDENCE. A.M. A.M. A.M. P.M. P.M. Boston. 8.00 10.30 11.10 3.30 5.15 Roxbury. f f f Jamaica Plain. f f f Hyde Park. 8.20 10.50 3.50 Readville. 8.27 10.56 3.55 Canton. 8.40 11.08 4.09 Sharon. 8.51 11.19 4.19 Foxboro. 9.01 11.29 4.29 Mansfield. 9.12 11.40 11.58 4.40 6.12 West Mansfield. 9.18 11.45 4.46 Attleboro. 9.30 11.56 4.58 Dodgeville. f f f Hebronville. 9.37 12.02 5.05 Pawtucket. 9.46 12.10 5.15 6.37 Providence. 10.00 12.25 12.35 5.30 6.50 A.M. P.M. P.M. P.M. P.M. PROVIDENCE TO BOSTON. A.M. A.M. P.M. P.M. Providence. 7.50 10.40 3.40 7.30 Pawtucket. 8.05 10.54 3.55 Hebronville. 8.14 11.02 4.05 Dodgeville. f f f Attleboro. 8.21 11.08 4.11 West Mansfield. 8.31 11.18 4.20 Mansfield. 8.40 11.28 4.30 8.12 Foxboro. 8.47 11.36 4.37 Sharon. 8.57 11.46 4.47 Canton. 9.07 11.56 4.57 Readville. 9.15 12.08 5.10 Hyde Park. 9.19 12.12 5.14 Jamaica Plain. f f f Roxbury. f f f Boston. 9.48 12.35 5.35 9.00 A.M. P.M. P.M. P.M. Charles H. Warren, President, Boston. A. A. Folsom, General Ticket Clerk. H. C. Alden, Ticket Clerk, Boston. S. W. Willson, Conductor of New York Steamboat Train. S. H. Nason, Conductor of Providence Train. Ira F. Glidden, Conductor of Providence Train. Ira R. Philbrick, Conductor of New York Express Train. Daniel Nason, Supt. Boston. —47— No. 132 Snow's Pathfinder, March 1860 BOSTON AND WORCESTER RAILROAD THROUGH TRAINS BOSTON TO WORCESTER A.M. A.M. P.M. P.M. P.M. Boston. 7.15 8.30 1.30 3.00 4.30 Cottage Farm. Cambridge Crossing. Brighton. 7.32 1.47 4.48 Newton Corner. 7.37 1.52 4.53 Newtonville. West Newton. 7.42 1.57 5.00 Auburndale. Grantville. 7.51 2.06 5.11 West Needham. 7.55 2.10 5.15 Natick. 8.02 2.17 5.22 Framingham. 8.15 9.13 2.30 3.45 5.35 Ashland. 8.22 2.37 5.42 Cordaville. 8.29 2.44 5.49 Southborough. 8.32 2.47 5.52 Westborough. 8.40 2.55 6.00 Grafton. 8.55 3.10 6.15 Worcester, L. S. 9.10 10.00 3.25 4.30 6.30 WORCESTER. 9.15 3.30 6.35 A.M. A.M. P.M. P.M. P.M. JGH TRAINS .. WOl TESTER TO BOSTON A.M. P.M. P.M. I A.M. P.M. WORCESTER. 7.00 9.40 4.00 Worcester L. S. 3.25 11.05 Grafton. 7.17 10.00 4.20 Westborough. 7.30 10.12 4.32 Southborough. 7.38 10.20 4.40 Cordaville. 7.41 10.23 4.43 Ashland. 7.48 10.30 4.50 Framingham. 8.03 10.45 4.12 5.05 11.50 Natick. 8.13 10.55 5.15 West Needham. 8.21 11.03 5.23 Grantville. 8.24 11.06 5.26 Auburndale. West Newton. 8.33 11.15 5.35 Newtonville. Newton Corner. 8.38 11.20 5.42 Brighton. 8.43 11.25 5.46 Cambridge Crossing. Cottage Farm. Boston. 9.00 11.40 4.55 6.00 12.35 A.M. A.M. P.M. P.M. A.M. 48- No. 132 Snow's Pathfinder, March 1860 WESTERN RAILROAD WORCESTER TO SPRINGFIELD A.M. A.M. P.M. P.M. Boston, B. & W. 7.15 8.30 1.30 3.00 WORCESTER 9.10 10.00 3.30 4.30 Worcester Jet. 9.15 3.40 Clappville. 9.31 3.56 Charlton. 9.44 4.09 Spencer. 9.55 4.26 East Brookfield. 10.04 4.29 Brookfield. 10.12 4.37 West Brookfield. 10.24 10.56 4.49 5.22 Warren. 10.33 4.58 Brimfield. 10.46 5.11 Palmer. 10.53 11.24 5.20 5.50 Wilbraham. 11.11 5.36 Indian Orchard. 11.22 5.47 SPRINGFIELD. 11.35 11.50 6.00 6.15 Pittsfield. 2.58 8.58 Albany. 5.25 11.05 A.M. P.M. P.M. P.M Sunday Mail Train— leave Worcester 8.00 P. M. West Brookfield 9.03 P. M. Palmer 9.21 P. M. arrive Springfield 9.50 P. M. SPRINGFIELD TO WORCESTER A.M. P.M. A.M. P.M. Albany. 7.30 4.10 Pittsfield. 10.09 6.37 SPRINGFIELD. 7.15 12.45 1.30 9.15 Indian Orchard. 7.27 12.56 Wilbraham. 7.35 1.03 Palmer. 7.49 1.17 1.59 9.41 Brimfield. 8.00 1.27 Warren. 8.15 1.40 West Brookfield. 8.26 1.52 2.26 10.07 Brookfield. 8.34 2.00 East Brookfield. 8.42 2.08 Spencer. 8.50 2.17 Charlton. 9.03 2.30 Clappville. 9.16 2.43 Worcester Jet. 9.40 3.05 3.16 10.55 WORCESTER. 9.45 3.10 3.20 11.00 Boston. B. & W. 11.40 4.55 4.55 12.35 A.M. P.M. P.M. A.M. Sunday Mail Train— leave Springfield 10.00 P. M. Palmer 10.26 P. M. West Brookfield 10.52 P. M. arrive Worcester 11.45 P. M. —49— No. 132 Snow's Pathfinder, March 1860 HARTFORD AND NEW HAVEN R. R. Springfield to New Haven. New Haven to Springfield. P.M. P.M. A.M. A.M. A.M. P.M. P.M. P.M. 6.30 2.00 11.55 7.00 SPRINGFIELD. 10.20 1.00 6.10 8.25 2.09 7.09 Longmeadow. 10.10 5.59 2.18 7.18 Thompsonville. 10.00 5.48 2.28 7.29 Warehouse Point. 9.50 5.37 2.34 7.36 Windsor Locks. 9.43 5.30 2.46 7.50 Windsor. 9.30 5.16 7.20 3.05 12.45 8.10 Hartford. 9.15 12.15 5.00 7.30 3.16 8.23 Newington. 8.57 4.42 7.39 3.27 1.05 8.35 Berlin. 8.46 11.51 4.32 7.12 7.56 3.47 1.22 8.57 Meriden. 8.28 11.34 4.13 6.53 4.00 9.11 Wallingford. 8.14 3.58 4.13 9.24 North Haven. 8.02 3.45 8.30 4.30 1.56 9.41 NEW HAVEN. 7.45 11.00 3.30 6.15 P.M P.M. P.M. A.M. A.M. A.M. P.M. P.M. Local train Springfield to Hartford. Leave Springfield 7.00 P. M. Long- meadow 7.09 — Thompsonville 7.19-Ware- house Point 7.29-Windsor Locks 7.36 Windsor 7.50-arrive at Hartford 8.06 P. M. Local train Hartford to Springfield — Leave Hartford 1.10 P. M. Windsor 1.25- Windsor Locks 1.38-Wa rehouse Point 1.45 - Thompsonville 1.56 - Longmeadow 2.06-arrive at Springfield at 2.16 P. M. E. M. Reed, Supt., Hartford. No. 132 Snow's Pathfinder, March 1860 NEW LONDON NORTHERN RAILROAD. New London to Palmer P.M. A.M. 1.45 7.00 New London. f f East New London. 2.05 7.18 Montville. 2.35 7.40 Norwich. 2.50 7.55 Yantic. f f Williams Switch. 3.15 8.19 South Windham. 3.32 8.36 Willimantic. 3.44 8.49 South Coventry. 3.55 9.04 Mansfield. 4.11 9.22 Tolland & Willington 4.26 9.40 Stafford. 4.57 10.17 Monson. 5.15 10.30 PALMER. P.M. A.M. Palmer to New London A.M. P.M. 11.00 5.45 f f 10.43 5.28 10.20 5.00 10.06 4.45 f f 9.42 4.18 9.28 4.00 9.18 3.44 9.04 3.31 8.47 3.14 8.32 2.58 8.01 2.23 7.30 2.10 A.M. P.M. SPECIAL TRAINS BETWEEN NEW LONDON AND NORWICH & WORCESTER DEPOT. Trains leave New London for Norwich at 10.45 A. M. 3.00 and 8.35 P. M. Trains leave Norwich for New London at 6.00 A. M. 1.25 and 4.10 P. M. Freight train leaves Palmer for New London at 5.15 A. M. Returns at 8.15 A. M. Richard N. Dowd, Supt. New London. Time Table That Was In Effect When Abraham Lincoln Made His Trip From New London To Norwich And Return -50— No. 132 Snow's Pathfinder, March 1860 PROVIDENCE AND WORCESTER RAILROAD. Providence to Worcester. P.M. A.M. A.M. Worcester to Providence A.M. P.M. P.M. 4.20 11.45 7.20 PROVIDENCE. 9.15 1.45 6.15 4.33 12.00 7.33 Pawtucket. 9.03 1.32 6.00 4.38 12.04 7.40 Valley Falls. 8.57 1.25 5.54 4.43 12.08 7.45 Lonsdale. Ashton. 8.52 1.20 5.49 4.55 12.20 7.57 Albion. 8.42 1.08 5.38 5.00 12.25 8.03 Manville. 8.35 1.01 5.33 5.11 12.38 8.12 Woonsocket. 8.25 12.52 5.24 5.18 12.45 8.18 Waterford. Blackstone. 8.18 12.45 5.18 5.28 12.55 8.28 Millville. 8.06 12.35 5.08 5.41 1.10 8.40 Uxbridge. 7.55 12.22 4.55 5.47 1.15 8.48 Whitins. 7.48 12.16 4.50 5.58 1.28 8.58 Northbridge. 7.36 12.05 4.39 6.06 1.34 9.05 Farnums. 7.30 12.00 4.33 6.11 1.39 9.10 Grafton. 7.24 11.54 f 6.15 f 9.14 Sutton. 7.20 11.50 4.25 6.20 1.50 9.20 Millbury. Grand Jet. 7.15 11.45 4.20 6.40 2.05 9.40 WORCESTER. 7.00 11.30 4.00 P.M. P.M. A.M. A.M. A.M. P.M. S. H. Tabor, Supt., Providence. -51— LIST OF THE OFFICERS OF THE NEW YORK & NEW HAVEN RAIL- ROAD, TOGETHER WITH A LIST OF THE ENGINEERS, FIREMEN, CONDUCTORS AND BRAKEMEN IN 1860 WHEN ABRAHAM LINCOLN WAS A PASSENGER OVER THE ROAD. Officers J. R. BULKLEY, President. E. S. ABERNETHY, Secretary. W. BEMENT, Treasurer. J. H. HOYT, Superintendent. E. S. QL'INTARD, Asst. Superintendent. J. O. PHELPS, Damage Agent. JEREMIAH SMITH, Chief Clerk. S. S. SNODGRASS, Asst. Clerk. H. B. TAINTOR, Presidents Clerk. JACOB MEND ELL, General Ticket Agent. S. H. NYE, Asst. Ticket Agent. J. R. SMITH, Station Agent, 27th Street, N. Y. E. S. KEELER, Ticket Agent, 27th Street, N. Y. P. ACKER, Ticket Agent, 27th Street, N. Y. H. WOLFE, Depot-Master, 27th Street, N. Y. F. JOHNSTON, Baggagemaster, 27th Street, N. Y. P. FORD, Baggagemaster, 27th Street, N. Y. W. S. BEEBE, Baggagemaster , Bridgeport. S. S. Baldwin, Depot-Master, New Haven. I. STEVENS, Ticket Agent, New Haven. Passenger Conductors F; J. Bradley. E. C. Cornwall. E. H. Sanborn. W. Baush. D. Bacon. I. C. Stock. R. E. Van Wagenen. E. M. Allen. A. French. W. Nichols. Baggagemen J. Pierson. (Boston Line) H. A. Hurlburt. F. C. Cousins. E. G. Kidder. T. Tooley. F. Phillips. H. Wilcox. W. McGune. V. P. Laberge. Engineers J. W. Clark. |. Clark. S. Rand. A. Hurd. E. Lyman. J. E. Chard. C. W. Burton. E. Jones. H. Kettendorf. H. Brown. G. L. Tucker. J. H. Southworth. W. Zellner. J. V. H. Beach. D. Corey. E. Chatterton. —52— Brakemen P. S. Carter. A. S. Peaster. P. Higgins. G. Phillips. B. U. Crook. J. Crowe. J. Charts. F. Lockwood. C. W. Prindle. Firemen J. A. Lyons. B. Wilcox. D. D. Stevenson. J. J. Green. W. C. Corwin. P. Bennett. H. J. Barker. F. W. Pynchon. H. Blessing. J. L. Taylor. G. Bullock. H. Walton. E. Hurd. M. Rowler. M. Barnum. S. Dade. —53— LIST OF ROADS OVER WHICH ABRAHAM LINCOLN TRAVELED IN 1860 WHICH ARE NOW THE NEW YORK, NEW HAVEN & HART- FORD, TOGETHER WITH NAME OF THE SUPERINTENDENT IN 1860. New York & New Haven, Supt. Mr. James H. Hoyt. New Haven, New London & Stonington, Supt. Mr. F. J. Calhoun. New York, Providence & Boston, Supt. Mr. A. S. Mathews. Boston & Providence, Supt. Mr. Daniel Nason. Hartford & New Haven, Supt. Mr. E. M. Reed. Providence & Worcester, Supt. Mr. S. H. Tabor. ROADS THAT ARE NOW THE BOSTON AND ALBANY. Boston & Worcester, Supt. Mr. E. B. Phillips. Western Railroad, Supt. Mr. Henry Gray. ROAD THAT IS NOW THE CENTRAL VERMONT. New London Northern, Supt. Mr. R. N. Dowd. The writer wishes to gratefully acknowledge the kindly aid, and cordial interest, shown in the preparation of this book by: — The New York, New Haven & Hartford Railroad Company. The Boston & Albany Railroad Company. Judge Elwin L. Page, Author of "Abraham Lincoln in New Hampshire." Mr. John W. Starr, Jr. Author of "Lincoln and the Railroads." Mr. Julius H. Tuttle, Librarian, Massachusetts Historical Society. Mr. Kelsey Ballou Sweatt, Woonsocket, R. I. Mr. Frank A. Jackson, Woonsocket, R. I. Mr. Lewis Benton, Taunton, Mass. Mr. William U. Swan, Milton, Mass. The Harris Institute Library, Woonsocket, R. I. The Curtis Memorial Library, Meriden, Conn. The Otis Library, Norwich, Conn. The American Antiquarian Society, Worcester, Mass. The Connecticut Historical Society, Hartford, Conn. Colt's Patent Fire-Arms Mfg. Co., Hartford, Conn. Brown University Library, Providence, R. I. THE PUBLIC LIBRARIES at New York, Bridgeport, New Haven, Providence, Taunton, New Bedford, Boston, Milton, Cambridge, Chelsea, Lowell and Dedham. COVER DESIGN The Society is deeply indebted to our fellow member and artist, Mr. O. Kuhler, for the cover design used on this bulletin. It represents Abraham Lincoln arriving, as we will say — at your home town! No particular road or builder of locomotive has been attempted, simply Abraham Lincoln's arrival in any one of a dozen places you may care to elect. —54— In Memory of DR. F. S. CATE 8617 Ivy Street Los Angeles, California Who Died on August 13, 1933. —55— UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS-URBANA 973 7L63CJ156L C001 LINCOLN ON THE NEW HAVEN AND THE BOSTON 3 0112 031800904