Jmv.of 111 . Ly. Wi y KS[0N 
 
 / *03 
 
 MADE BY THE 
 
 EXECUTIVE AND LEGISLATURES 
 
 OF THE STATES OF 
 
 fUntntb an!) Cranessw 
 
 TO THE 
 
 STATE OF OHIO, 
 
 \ 
 
 1860 . 
 
 1 ^^ 
 
 OLIM MEMIN1SSE JUVABIT. 
 
 ROBERT CLARKE & CO., 
 
 LAW PUBLISHERS, BOOKSELLERS, AND IMPORTERS, 
 No. 55 West Fourth Street, Cincinnati, 
 
 1860 . 
 
Digitized by the Internet Archive 
 in 2017 with funding from 
 
 University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Alternates 
 
 https://archive.org/details/reportofexcursioOOunse 
 
PROCEEDINGS. 
 
 The opening of the Louisville and Nashville Railroad, 
 uniting two States and two prosperous commercial cities, 
 and extending the facilities of trade and of social inter- 
 course from the great river of the west to the interior, was 
 an event of great interest and importance. In the exist- 
 ing state of the public sentiment of the country, it excited 
 especial attention, as presenting another link in the chain 
 which binds us together as a people. In accordance with 
 these views the Legislatures of the two States immediately 
 interested, were invited to meet at Louisville to unite in 
 commemorating the event. The assembling of the Legis- 
 latures of two sovereign States in one city, to unite in 
 the celebration of a civil triumph, was a novel spectacle, 
 which could only be witnessed in a republic where the will 
 of the people is law, and the good of the people the supreme 
 object. It was a spontaneous movement, and it found a 
 response as wide-spread as it was prompt and hearty. 
 
 The proprietors of the Mail Steamboat line, between Cin- 
 cinnati and Louisville, anticipating the wishes of their fellow- 
 citizens of the former city, and certain of their hearty co- 
 operation in a measure combining patriotism with commercial 
 liberality, offered the use of one of their palatial steamers 
 to the Legislative and Executive officers of Kentucky and 
 Tennessee, so assembled, to enable them, with the authorities 
 of Louisville and others, to visit Cincinnati. 
 
 060664 
 
4 
 
 Upon the first intelligence of these proceedings, a public 
 meeting was held in Cincinnati, on Saturday, the 21st of 
 January, 1860, at the Merchants’ Exchange, the Mayor, 
 Hon. R. M. Bishop, presiding, at which the following resolu- 
 tions, offered by Judge James Hall, were unanimously 
 adopted : 
 
 RESOLUTIONS 
 
 Passed at a Public Meeting of the Citizens of Cincinnati, at 
 the Merchants’ Exchange, Saturday, January 21st, at which 
 the Mayor of the City presided : 
 
 Whereas, It is understood that the Legislatures of Ken- 
 tucky and Tennessee, or the members thereof, are about to 
 visit the City of Louisville, to unite in commemorating the 
 completion of a great commercial avenue, connecting the trade 
 and intercourse of those States, and promising greatly to in- 
 crease and promote the same ; and 
 
 Whereas, The City of Cincinnati, by her intimate com- 
 mercial relations with the citizens of those States stands con- 
 nected with them by the bonds of a common prosperity, and 
 the recollections of a long-continued interchange of recipro- 
 cal benefits and mutual courtesies ; therefore, 
 
 Resolved , That we most cordially unite with our friends in 
 Kentucky and Tennessee, in hailing the completion of the 
 Louisville and Nashville Railroad as an event conducive of a 
 larger prosperity to the Ohio Valley and a more active inter- 
 course among our people, but especially as an event which 
 adds another link to the chain which binds us together as a 
 people. 
 
 Resolved , That among our social and political advantages, 
 there is none that we value higher or hold more sacred than 
 the Union of the States, which, by making us one people, 
 makes it our right, as it is a duty and a pleasure, to rejoice 
 in the prosperity of each other. 
 
 Resolved , That the States separated by the Ohio River, 
 bound together by geographical contiguity and commercial 
 
5 
 
 dependence, as well as by a common political creed and line- 
 age, should always be united, and their people should regard 
 with execration the political demagogue, the fanatic and trai- 
 tor, who would disturb their Union. 
 
 Resolved , That a Committee of five be appointed by this 
 meeting to proceed to Louisville to express to the members 
 of the said Legislatures, and the citizens of those States so 
 assembled, our earnest and cordial congratulations upon the 
 completion of a work so important to the commerce of the 
 West, and to our intercourse, prosperity and union as a peo- 
 ple ; and also most respectfully to invite the members of the 
 said Legislatures, the Mayor and Council of the City of 
 Louisville, and the Directors and Officers of the Louisville 
 and Nashville Railroad, to visit our city and partake of its 
 hospitality. 
 
 Resolved , That a Committee of Arrangements and Recep- 
 tion, to consist of fifteen persons, including the Mayor of this 
 city, who is hereby requested to act as Chairman of the same, 
 be appointed, who shall make preparations to entertain our 
 said guests in a manner worthy our said city and the occa- 
 sion — and indicative of the cordial friendship and profound 
 regard cherished by the citizens of Cincinnati toward our fel- 
 low citizens of Tennessee and Kentucky, and who shall receive 
 said visitors, and extend to them the welcome and the hospi- 
 tality due the most cherished guests. 
 
 Resolved , That the Legislature and Executive officers of 
 Ohio be, and they are hereby respectfully invited to visit this 
 city, to meet the Legislatures of Kentucky and Tennessee, 
 and to partake of the hospitalities of Cincinnati; and that 
 the Chairman of this meeting communicate this invitation to 
 them. 
 
 The following resolution, presented by Thomas J. Gal- 
 lagher, Esq., was also adopted : 
 
 Resolved , That the City Council of this city is hereby 
 respectfully requested to take such action as will in its judg- 
 
6 
 
 ment carry out to the fullest the object and intention of this 
 meeting as expressed in the foregoing resolutions. 
 
 A dispatch from Capt. Zach. Shirley to Mr. Thomas 
 Sherlock, was read, announcing that the Legislatures of 
 Kentucky and Tennessee had already accepted an invita- 
 tion from the Mail Company to make an excursion on their 
 steamer, the Jacob Strader, to Cincinnati, and to return 
 on the same boat ; also a dispatch from Mr. Rogers, mem- 
 ber of the Ohio Legislature, to P. W. Strader, stating that 
 the Legislatures of our two sister States would be invited to 
 Columbus by the Legislature of Ohio. Great enthusiasm 
 followed. 
 
 The Mayor announced the following Committees in pur- 
 suance of the Resolutions : 
 
 On Invitations — Judge Hall, Larz Anderson, Henry 
 Stanberry, J. S. Chenoweth and Wash. McLean. 
 
 On Arrangements — Miles Greenwood, John H. Jones, 
 Elliott Pendleton, Rufus King, Bellamy Storer, C. G. 
 Pearce, P. W. Strader, Pollock Wilson, W. J. Whiteman, 
 J. C. Butler, Benj. Eggleston, L. B. Harrison, Thompson 
 Dean. 
 
 On motion, the Mayor was added and appointed Chair- 
 man of said Committee. 
 
 On Finance — B. F. Brannan, J. W. Hartwell, R. B. Bow- 
 ler, C. W. West, J. IL Brotherton. 
 
 A joint meeting of these Committees was called — the 
 Mayor presiding. 
 
 Communications were read from E. Flint, of the Ohio 
 and Mississippi ; H. C. Lord, of the Indianapolis and Cin- 
 cinnati ; S. S. L’Hommedieu, of the Hamilton and Day- 
 ton, and R. B. Bowler, of the Covington and Lexington R. R., 
 tendering the use of their respective roads for the accom- 
 modation of the excursionists. 
 
7 
 
 A package of three hundred tickets, to the National 
 Theater, for the use of the excursionists, was received from 
 John Bates. 
 
 The following gentlemen were appointed a Committee 
 to report a Programme for the occasion : B. Eggleston, 
 Miles Greenwood, P. W. Strader, Pollock Wilson and Mr. 
 Brannan. 
 
 On motion it w T as resolved that the Committee of Invi- 
 tation have full discretionary powers to invite guests. 
 
 The Committee on Programme reported the following 
 as the order of reception for the Legislative guests : 
 
 1. That a public reception be given them at the largest 
 hall in the city. 
 
 2. A public dinner at such hotel as may hereafter be se- 
 lected. 
 
 3. The public exercises at the hall of reception to be 
 opened by the Mayor, on behalf of the city, to be followed 
 by a speech from Hon. Bellamy Storer. 
 
 4. That the military of Cincinnati be invited to act as an 
 escort. 
 
 5. That proper badges, with suitable devices, be prepared 
 for the guests and committees. 
 
 6. That tickets for the banquet be sold to citizens as the 
 committee may deem proper. 
 
 7. That a committee of three be appointed to arrange lor 
 the banquet, and proper care of guests at the various hotels. 
 
 8. The appointment of a committee of three to arrange 
 with the military, and for firing a salute on the arrival of the 
 boat from Louisville. 
 
 9. The appointment of a committee of three to procure 
 carriages and omnibuses. 
 
 The matters in the report were considered seriatim , and 
 adopted. 
 
 On motion, it was resolved that a Committee be appointed 
 to receive the Ohio Legislature. 
 
8 
 
 A resolution requesting the citizens generally to decorate 
 their houses and places of business on the day of reception, 
 was adopted. 
 
 On motion the members of the press accompanying the ex- 
 cursion were included among the invited guests. 
 
 The Chair appointed the following sub-committees : 
 
 On Banquet — R. B. Bowler, Miles Greenwood, L. B. Har- 
 rison. 
 
 On Military — W. J. Whiteman, Jos. C. Butler, C. W. West. 
 
 On Omnibuses — Thompson Dean, P. Wilson. 
 
 On Reception — John D. Jones, W. G. Crippen, C. G. 
 Pearce. 
 
 On Ohio Legislature — Thos. J. Gallagher, B. Eggleston, 
 Jos. Torrence. 
 
 On Toasts — R. King, Stanley Matthews, W. W. Fosdick. 
 
 On Invitations to the Press — One from each of the dailies 
 of the city. 
 
 Reception at the Opera House — S. S. Davis, S. N. Pike, 
 G. B. Hollister, Capt. Dean. 
 
 A communication from the Committee of the Ohio 
 Legislature, en route for Louisville, to invite the Legisla- 
 ture to visit Columbus, was received, requesting a con- 
 ference with the Cincinnati Committee of Arrangements 
 at the Burnet House. 
 
 Meanwhile, and on the same day with the Cincinnati 
 meeting, the Governor of Ohio transmitted the following 
 message to the Legislature : 
 
 Executive Department, 1 
 Columbus, January 21, 1860. j 
 
 To the General Assembly: 
 
 I have received information that the Legislatures of Ken- 
 tucky and Tennessee will visit Cincinnati on the 26th inst., 
 and I take great pleasure in respectfully suggesting the pro- 
 priety of the General Assembly tendering them a cordial in- 
 
9 
 
 vitation to visit this city prior to their return to their 
 respective States. Wm, Dennison. 
 
 In the House of Representatives, on motion of Mr. 
 Brown, of Miami, the morning business was suspended to 
 take up this message, when 
 
 Mr. Parrott, of Montgomery, offered the following 
 resolution : 
 
 Be it Resolved by the General Assembly of the State of Ohio , 
 That the Governor be and he is hereby requested to invite 
 the Legislatures of Tennessee and Kentucky to visit this city 
 on the inst. 
 
 Resolved , That a joint Committee of Seven on part of the 
 
 House, and on part of the Senate, be appointed to 
 
 proceed to Cincinnati, in person, to bear such invitation, and 
 act as a Committee of Escort to the said Legislatures. 
 
 Resolved , That the Committee on Finance be instructed to 
 report a bill appropriating the sum of five thousand dollars 
 to defray the expense of entertaining the said Legislatures. 
 
 The resolutions were adopted. 
 
 The Speaker appointed the following gentlemen as the 
 committee : Messrs. Parrott, Codings, Vincent, Blakeslee, 
 Woods, Flagg, and Andrews. 
 
 Senate, January 21, 1860. 
 
 The Message above-mentioned, having been received 
 from the Governor, the House Joint Resolutions concern- 
 ing the visit, were read and adopted. 
 
 The President appointed as the Committee on part of 
 the Senate : Messrs. Garfield, Cuppy, Ready, Holmes, and 
 Foster. 
 
 The Joint Committee waited upon Governor Dennison 
 and was presented with the following : 
 
10 
 
 ' State of Ohio, Executive Department, \ 
 Columbus, January 21, 1860. j 
 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 I have the honor to transmit herewith a copy of a Resolu- 
 tion, passed this day by the General Assembly of this State, 
 requesting me to tender a cordial invitation to the Legisla- 
 tures of Kentucky and Tennessee, to visit this city on the 
 26th inst., which duty I am happy to perform. 
 
 The citizens of this State will never fail to extend a hearty 
 and fraternal welcome to the Representatives of their sister 
 States, and I shall ever esteem it as one of the most gratify- 
 ing incidents of my executive administration, that I have 
 been the honored instrument of inviting the Legislatures of 
 the patriotic States of Kentucky and Tennessee to visit the 
 Capitol of Ohio. 
 
 Permit me, in behalf of the General Assembly, and the 
 citizens of this State, and individually, to express the earnest 
 hope that no engagements may prevent you and your honor- 
 able bodies from accepting this invitation. 
 
 Agreeably to the directions of the General Assembly, I 
 forward this communication by its Joint Committee, who are 
 charged with the duty of accompanying you and your col- 
 leagues here as an escort. 
 
 With] sentiments of the highest consideration, I have the 
 honor to be, Very respectfully, yours, etc. 
 
 W. Dennison. 
 
 To Messrs. Thomas P. Porter, Speaker of the Senate of 
 Kentucky. 
 
 David Meriwether, Speaker of the House of 
 Representatives of Kentucky. 
 
 T. W. Newman, Speaker of the Senate of Ten- 
 nessee. ✓ 
 
 T. C. Whitthorne, Speaker of the House of Rep 
 resentatives of Tennessee. 
 
 Upon the arrival of the Joint Committee at Cincinnati, 
 and a conference with the Committees of Invitation and 
 
11 
 
 Reception, appointed by the citizens, they proceeded to- 
 gether to Louisville in discharge of the duties devolving 
 upon them, and were received with distinguished hospital- 
 ity at that city. 
 
 On the night of the 24th a banquet was given by the 
 citizens of Louisville to their distinguished guests, the 
 Legislatures of the two States of Kentucky and Tennessee, 
 to which the Governors of Kentucky and Indiana were 
 invited, as also the Committees from the Legislatures of 
 Ohio, and from Cincinnati. 
 
 The banquet took place at the Masonic Temple, and the 
 bill of fare embraced all the substantiate and delicacies af- 
 forded by the forests and rivers, orchards, vineyards, pas- 
 tures and grain fields of the land. 
 
 Six tables, each capable of accommodating one hundred 
 persons, were ranged in the body of the hall, and two on 
 the platform to seat about one hundred more. Around 
 the walls and pendant from the chandeliers, festoons of ever- 
 green decorated the place, and in front of the dais some 
 choice flowers from a conservatory, imparted a delicious 
 fragrance to the air. Between the windows, shields with 
 the national colors, bearing inscriptions, bringing to our 
 memories the great men of the world of literature. Upon 
 the platform, which was bordered by an edgeways of plants 
 in pots, were seated the executive officers of Tennessee 
 (Lieutenant Governor Newman), Indiana (Governor Wil- 
 lard), and Kentucky (Governor Magoffin), who, support- 
 ing the President, Mayor Crawford, were in return sup- 
 ported by the members of the committee from Ohio, and 
 and other distinguished personages. 
 
 Judge Bullock introduced the first regular toast by a 
 speech, of which, and the other speeches and incidents, the 
 
12 
 
 following, owing to an unexpected disappointment, is the 
 only report that could be obtained : 
 
 Fellow Citizens of Tennessee and Kentucky : 
 
 On behalf of the Mayor and Council, and of the citizens of 
 Louisville generally, I tender you a hearty welcome to our 
 city. It gives us pleasure to see the chosen Representatives 
 of Tennessee and Kentucky united in the bonds of a common 
 brotherhood around this festive board. 
 
 At all times these noble States have been firmly united by 
 the ties of interest, and blood, and affection, but they are now 
 drawn still more closely together by the apprehension of a 
 common danger. 
 
 It is natural that Tennessee and Kentucky should take 
 counsel together in the present crisis of public affairs. They 
 have a common interest in the past, the present, and the fu- 
 ture. That interest is not susceptible of division. It is too 
 precious to be subjected to the rules of cold and selfish cal- 
 culation. There is nothing mean in the union of Tennessee 
 and Kentucky. It is as pure and unselfish as a sister’s love. 
 All that each holds most dear would lose more than half its 
 value if it could not be freely shared with the other. If there 
 be a political union, which is so strongly cemented that it can 
 not be severed, it is that which binds together the people of 
 Tennessee and Kentucky. 
 
 We call this a Union festival. And it is an occasion of 
 .more than ordinary interest. Kentucky and Tennessee are 
 here to renew the pledges of mutual confidence and of earn- 
 est, heartfelt devotion to the American Union. The Execu- 
 tive and Legislative authorities of both States are here, and 
 >as if by a common impulse, are in joint session and in Com- 
 mittee of the Whole on the state of the Union. Who can 
 doubt their joint and unanimous action in obedience to the 
 wishes of their enlightened and patriotic constituents? The 
 Representatives of both these States, and of all the States in 
 this glorious confederacy, can have no wiser or nobler rule of 
 
13 
 
 action that that contained in Kentucky’s motto, stamped upon 
 her broad seal by the founders of the State, as an ever en- 
 dearing precept and memento for their sons, “ United we 
 stand, divided we fall.” 
 
 It has been truly said that the American Union is the prin- 
 ciple of the national life, and its dissolution would be national 
 death. But may we not cherish the hope that what is here 
 exhibited in the close and intimate alliance of Tennessee and 
 Kentucky, is only typical of our glorious National Union ? 
 May we not indulge the inspiring hope that the Republic is 
 safe ; safe from the assaults of faction, safe from the influence 
 of sectional animosity, safe from the inroads of bigotry, fan- 
 aticism, and crime, safe in the love and confidence of a virtu- 
 ous, united, and enlightened people? 
 
 I will detain you no longer. Permit me to read the fol- 
 lowing sentiment . 
 
 Tennessee — In this national crisis she will cherish in her 
 heart of hearts the noble sentiment of her patriot hero — 
 “ The Union , it must be preserved.” 
 
 The Hon. T. W. Newman, Speaker of the Senate of 
 Tennessee, responded as follows : 
 
 I stand before you to-night to apologize to the Representa- 
 tives for the non-attendance of the Governor of Tennessee. 
 He, sir, would have been with you but from severe indispo- 
 sition; and it remains for me, as an humble organ of the 
 people of Tennessee, to return you, gentlemen, the Mayor, 
 Common Councilmen, and Aldermen of the city of Louisville, 
 and to the people of Kentucky, our thanks for your hospital- 
 ity; and in reply to the toast, to say that Tennessee repeats 
 the words of her great hero, in double terms. Tennessee 
 and Kentucky stand as one in this great Confederation of 
 States, as they have stood in past days — in days of trouble. 
 Tennessee’s soldiers were at King’s Mountain in defense 
 of our common liberties, and, therefore, it should be that 
 Tennessee and Kentucky, in these dangerous times, should 
 
n 
 
 meet together again. Tennessee and Kentucky have ever 
 been united. They came into the Union about the same time, 
 they knocked at the doors of Congress for admission about 
 the same time, and they were admitted together; and to-day 
 there is no division. Kentucky, I say, sir, is our favorite 
 sister of all the States. In the war of 1812, when blood was 
 freely spilt in defense of a common country, the soldiers of 
 Tennessee and Kentucky stood shoulder to shoulder and arm 
 in arm in the contest; in charging they charged together, 
 and the same stars and stripes that covered the one covered 
 the other. They were wounded together, they died together, 
 and they were buried together! We meet on this festive oc- 
 casion to commemorate the memories of those who have gone 
 before us, and to re-assert that this Union must and shall be 
 preserved. Hitherto there has been, as to-day, a dark cloud 
 over this Confederacy. But in Kentucky there was the noble 
 Clay. Ho you not indorse his noble and patriotic policy in 
 that exigency, and desire to emulate his disinterested zeal in the 
 cause of his country? When the question was to be deter- 
 mined, who stood together? Tennessee and Kentucky united 
 in the Congress of the United States as one man on the side 
 of my good, your good, and our good Constitution. Such 
 was the sentiment of the people of these two States, and I 
 repeat, on this occasion, such are still their sentiments ; and 
 we pledge the honor, we pledge the faith, and we pledge the 
 arms of Tennessee to the union of the States under the Union. 
 In conclusion, I beg to offer a sentiment : 
 
 Kentucky’s great statesman — Who knew no North, no South ; 
 nothing but his country, his whole country, the Constitution, 
 the Union, and the laws. 
 
 In response to a toast by the Mayor of Louisville, in 
 honor of the State of Indiana, Gov. Willard spoke thus: 
 
 Mr. Mayor : — I return to you, sir, my thanks, not only 
 personal, but of my State, for the honor of being present on 
 this occasion ; but what to say in addition I hardly know. I 
 
15 
 
 come here from the other side of the river, — from a great, 
 sovereign State. I come to you; where shall I rejoice? — 
 where shall I begin? Shall I be glad that Kentucky has 
 been kind to Indiana in inviting us here? No. In years 
 gone by Kentucky has welcomed Indiana and her sons upon 
 this soil, and they have been treated kindly. Shall I come 
 to join with you in this festival to rejoice because you have 
 built a railroad from Louisville to Nashville? No. That 
 thing was done long ago all over this mighty country. But 
 that you are one people as your fathers made you, I come to 
 rejoice among you. Here is the cause: you are an honest, 
 Union-loving people. It is because you think more of the 
 Constitution of the United States, and the Union made under 
 it, than you do either of Kentucky or Tennessee. 
 
 Can we live together? There are a great many people in 
 this country who say we had better give up this Union. For 
 one, I say, No ! I shall not give it up. We may just as well 
 talk politics to you about this thing first as last. There is 
 but one question before this country that imperils the Union, 
 that is the relation that exists between the white man and the 
 black man in this country. There is no other question that 
 enters this Confederacy to cleave it open. Now, the true 
 and honest Union-man, the one who loves his country, will 
 say to the Southern man : You may have the negro your slave. 
 Every true and honest Southern man who loves the Union, 
 will say to the Northern man: You need not make the negro 
 your slave unless you want to. Kentucky has no right to say 
 to Indiana, You shall be a slave State. Indiana has no right 
 to turn upon the other side and say Kentucky shall be a free 
 State. And this quarrel does not grow up between Tennes- 
 see and Kentucky, Indiana and Ohio. All along the border 
 line between these States are people, friends of the Union. 
 They know full well that Kentuckians’ blood has been poured 
 out as water upon Indiana soil. We have been friends, yea, 
 from the mouth of the Missouri river clear beyond the line 
 of the Wabash, up the Miami, and beyond it, — true men on 
 the one side and on the other. But up in the far North, 
 
16 
 
 where many men never saw four negroes in their lives, we 
 have a quarrel, and down in the extreme South a great many 
 Southern men are not satisfied with the present state of gov- 
 ernment. I, for one, — and I think I speak the voice of my 
 people, — am satisfied where the laws now are. They were 
 made by no mean statesmen : they were made by men who 
 knew more of this government than I could learn, though I 
 studied for years. That Constitution was made clear; every 
 gap has been closed. They have said that the African slave 
 trade should not be re-opened. There we stand. We say, 
 moreover, there was a bond put in that Constitution, not for 
 Kentucky alone. Why, Kentucky was not alive then ! It 
 was put there for everybody who was to live under the Con- 
 stitution. It was for criminal runaways from one State to 
 another. A negro who runs away from one State to an- 
 other, owing his allegiance as a bondsman in one State, 
 should be given up. That is all ! I say, we are done with 
 legislation, and if we will hut execute the laws that now exist, 
 a more truth-loving and loyal people will not he found upon 
 the earth. 
 
 My fellow-citizens, let us come and bind up in closer unity 
 these States; give up discussing the policy of government in 
 a personal sense, and rise to higher grounds of deliberation 
 and nobler spheres of political action. Who are we that 
 w'ould listen to the voice of dissention ! Are we not of one 
 race, of one blood, of one family, of one destiny ? Have the 
 rains of heaven poured upon these States and washed out all 
 the blood spilt at Lexington, Bunker Hill, Trenton, York- 
 town? Or are those who there filled martyrs’ graves to be 
 forgotten forever? Is there nothing left? There is a great 
 inheritance left — a priceless treasure — this country, the Con- 
 stitution, and the Union. Tell me, shall any men or set of 
 men, living in the extreme portions of this Union, jeopardize 
 this inheritance for the gratification of private interests and 
 low born, selfish aspiration? Shall this peaceful section be 
 made the battle-ground of these factions? Shall we who are 
 brothers, having everything to lose, be pressed into a conflict 
 
17 
 
 with one another? I say, young man as I am, to old men 
 around me far my seniors, let the day and the hour come 
 when a battle shall be for or against this Union, and I will 
 take the most faint-hearted girl in Indiana and place in her 
 hands our national flag, and there will rally around her more 
 soldiers than followed the footsteps of Peter the Hermit! 
 
 To the next regular toast, introduced by Mr. Wolfe — 
 
 Kentucky — If treason to the Union shall prevail in the 
 North or in the South, our noble State will stand between the 
 two sections as stood the people of old between the living and 
 the dead, to stay the progress of the pestilence — 
 
 Governor Magoffin, of Kentucky, answered : 
 
 Gentlemen : — I thank you and the gentleman who has made 
 me the object of his remarks. In response to the toast, 
 I say that never on earth do I expect to see such another 
 spectacle as this. In this festive hall, amid these blazing 
 lights, and under the inspiration of this soul-stirring music, 
 there stand here to-night one thousand freemen, of which any 
 nation may be proud — the representatives, probably, of ten 
 millions of people, all conservative, all patriotic, who are met 
 together to strengthen the fraternal ties that bind this glori- 
 ous Union together. After the speeches and the responses 
 that have been delivered to you to-night, I think we have 
 been faint-hearted ever to despair of the Republic. The 
 slave States have spoken to the free States, and the free 
 States have responded in the same sentiment to the slave 
 States. Kentucky and Tennessee have spoken to Indiana,. 
 Indiana has spoken to Kentucky, and now Kentucky echoes 
 back the sentiment of a deep and undivided attachment to 
 this Union. I say to Tennessee, as my distinguished friend 
 has said to Kentucky, she is our favorite sister. Alike in 
 physical beauties, alike in soil and productions, alike in man- 
 ners and customs, alike in chivalry, and so alike in their 
 various features that you can scarcely tell the one from the 
 2 
 
18 
 
 other. They will stand side by side in defense of this glori- 
 ous Union. Among other ties which bind them together, is 
 one of iron — the Louisville and Nashville Railroad, not only a 
 State, but, in a more liberal sense, a national work. Thus 
 are we bound together in the closest union ; in a unanimity 
 of sentiment, in political associations, and similarity of insti- 
 tutions, by the memory of associations that hang around the 
 Hermitage and Ashland. To-night we hear voices of greet- 
 ing coming from Nashville to Louisville, the two great com- 
 mercial emporiums of two great States, from Kentucky to 
 Tennessee ; and the echo of that greeting is a cheering sound 
 throughout the Union. That echo mingles with the words of 
 past statesmen, reiterating the sentiment of Washington, that 
 there is no danger to this Union, except a sectional party. 
 We are in the center of this Union, a rich country, highly 
 conservative, highly patriotic; a people occupying the middle 
 ground between Ihe two conflicting parties, the fanatics of 
 the North and those of the South ; a people gathering 
 strength every day, and holding in their hands the political 
 power of this Republic, with patriotism enough and wisdom 
 enough to maintain this ground, where the honest lovers of 
 the Union, from every section, can meet and become identi- 
 fied in their interests. We have power to exert this salutary 
 and saving influence, and I doubt not we have the will. How 
 is it to be done ? Well, I think we have only to go on as we 
 have gone under the law.. We have got to stand under the 
 
 law. We have got to stand by the Compromises of , I 
 
 don’t like to use that word — I mean the adjustment of 1850 — 
 asking nothing we will not concede — occupying the middle 
 ground, making no discriminations between one kind of 
 property in legislation, standing by the repeal of the Mis- 
 souri Compromise., by the Dred Scott decision, by the Fugi- 
 tive Slave Law, and by the Executive powers that will carry 
 out these laws ; we would stand up for the principle of leav- 
 ing this question of Slavery localized ; we would not give it 
 to the Congress of the United States. You may talk about 
 it as you will, if you pass laws that the people do not want, 
 
19 
 
 you can not execute them, and it comes at last to that prin- 
 ciple of government which leaves the disposition of domestic 
 institutions in the hands of the people. So far as the dis- 
 cussion of this impracticable and dangerous question is con- 
 cerned, openly and plainly I express the opinion here to- 
 night, that this favorite question ought never to have been 
 made the test question in the Democratic party, or in any 
 other party. We should take no position in the present con- 
 dition of affairs that would drive from us a man who stood 
 up in the hour of peril, and in the midst of dangers, in de- 
 fense of those privileges that were about to be wrenched 
 from us. 
 
 All I have to say, in conclusion, gentlemen, is this : No 
 matter what comes, we will keep step to the music of the 
 Union, defend the rights of the States, conceding all we ask, 
 and ever abiding by the compact of these States. 
 
 Among the other toasts, was the following : 
 
 The State of Ohio — One of the giants of the American 
 Confederacy. We tender her Representatives a hearty wel- 
 come to this Union Festival. 
 
 To which Messrs. J. A. Garfield, of the Ohio Senate, 
 and E. A. Parrott, of the House, replied; and this oppor- 
 tunity was taken by them to • extend to the Governors 
 present, as well as to the Legislatures, the invitation from 
 the Governor and Legislature of Ohio : 
 
 Mr. Garfield said — 
 
 Legislators of Kentucky and Tennessee , and 
 
 Fellow- Citizens of our Common Country: 
 
 With pleasure undissembled I rise to respond, in behalf of 
 the State I have the honor to represent, to the sentiment just 
 offered. We greet you here to-night as brothers of this great 
 Union — zealous for its common good and its common glory. 
 
20 
 
 This is an auspicous hour — and the Representatives from Ohio 
 are happy to participate with you in its festivities. It is a 
 new epoch in our history when the Legislatures of two great 
 States, and delegations from two more, are permitted to clasp 
 hands “ beside the beautiful river,” and let the strong barriers 
 of party prejudice be, for a time, overwhelmed and swept 
 away by the stronger currents of manly regard and brotherly 
 affection. It is an event full of good omen, that, when party 
 rancor has reached the highest degree of bitter intensity, 
 when the tempest of partisan strife is raging with unexampled 
 fury, and its waves having risen almost to the lighthouse, and 
 are threatening to extinguish our beacon, and in the gather- 
 ing darkness toss our Ship of State upon the breakers, that 
 here, in the Great Valley of the Great West, sister States 
 have met in social friendship, and are saying, with united 
 voice to the angry waves, “ Peace, be still.” Brethren, we 
 have too long heard of a North and a South. Their angry 
 words have too long vexed the hearts of our fellow-citizens. 
 But there is a third voice to be heard ere long. I hope and 
 believe the day is not far distant when the Great West 
 shall speak, and her voice shall be heard from sea to sea. In 
 that voice shall mingle no tones of doubt or uncertainty. In 
 that utterance shall be heard no note of disunion. For, while 
 this mighty river bears on its bosom the wealth of this great 
 valley, so long must this circle of States be undivided, the 
 bonds of union unbroken. But more than all our rivers, 
 more than all our commerce, more than all our wealth, are the 
 treasures of a nobler kind, which these sister States contain. 
 
 Sirs, there is a talismanic name, at whose mention the hearts 
 of thousands in the Buckeye State still beat with a quicker 
 bound ; and the eyes of many a gray-haired veteran are kin- 
 dled anew with the fires of memory and love. Ohio and 
 Kentucky can never be severed while your soil enshrines the 
 sacred ashes of that gallant and chivalric Knight, the Orator 
 and Sage of Ashland. And while that old iron hero, at whose 
 glance the hydra of disunion quailed, sleeps in his quiet tomb 
 at the Hermitage, the sons of Tennessee will echo his own 
 
21 
 
 words, “ The Union, by the Eternal, it must and shall be 
 preserved.” Ohio, too, can utter a name that stirs a generous 
 impulse in every American’s bosom, and while our great river 
 sweeps around North Bend, the hero that slumbers there can 
 never be forgotten. Who, then, shall sever this Union? 
 Where will you draw the line ? Between Ohio and Kentucky ? 
 The river that bears the name of my native State would sing 
 of Ohio in every wave that kisses your shores. Who, in that 
 sad separation, shall take the cherished and proud memories 
 of our country? Shall we dig up the sacred ashes of our heroes 
 and statesmen and divide them among the separated and dis- 
 honored fragments of our great confederacy? I ask, — as 
 your own Crittenden has asked, — “ who shall have the stars 
 and stripes? Who shall have Hail Columbia and Yankee 
 Doodle ?” But, sirs, I will no longer dwell on so painful a 
 theme. Ohio cherishes no sentiment of disunion. I come 
 from the extreme North of Ohio — from the Western Reserve — 
 from the neighborhood of Joshua R. Giddings, a name you 
 have all heard — and I know the truth of what I am about to 
 utter in regard to Ohio. It is the glory of our institutions 
 that we enjoy the utmost freedom of opinion and expression; 
 yet, when the voice of the Union is heard, we acquiesce and 
 obey its mandates. Sirs, whatever sentiments Ohio cherishes, 
 she utters freely and fearlessly; you have heard her utter- 
 ances ; but when the fiat of this great Confederate Empire 
 goes forth, that fiat becomes Ohio’s law, her rule of cheerful 
 duty. To be citizens of Kentucky, Tennessee, or Ohio, is a 
 proud and honorable distinction; but the title of American 
 citizens is prouder still. 
 
 Not then as partisans, but as fellow-citizens of the Union, 
 we greet you here to-night. Let such occasions as these be 
 more frequent. Let the hand of social brotherhood be oftener 
 grasped. Let the citizens of these sister States know each 
 other better, and the asperities of their political opinions will 
 be mutually softened, and the bond of union more strongly 
 cemented. 
 
 To this end, that we may enjoy still more of this fraternal 
 
22 
 
 fellowship, I will proceed to perform the agreeable duty with 
 which I am charged. I have the honor to he the bearer of a 
 message from his Excellency, the Governor of Ohio, to their 
 Excellencies, the Governors of Kentucky, Tennessee and 
 Indiana, inviting them to visit the capitol of our State, on the 
 26th inst. The heart of Ohio seconds this invitation, and I 
 earnestly hope to receive a favorable response. 
 
 Mr. Parrott then arose and spoke : 
 
 Mr. Chairman and Citizens: 
 
 While expressing my sincere desire that you will honor us 
 by your acceptance of this invitation, allow me to say that 
 the season is opportune for an exchange of friendly cour- 
 tesies and congratulations among the three States here rep- 
 resented. 
 
 The event which has more especially called you together, 
 is one of no small importance to the State of Ohio. 
 
 A railroad starting from a southern seaport, and describing 
 an arc through several interior States, meets the sea again far 
 to the northward. The completion of the last link in this 
 chain is a subject of congratulation to every State through 
 which it runs. It is to them like a bar passing through va- 
 rious loops. It grapples them together as with hooks of 
 steel. 
 
 Such bonds of commercial union are called for in this 
 juncture as tending to perpetuate our political Union. 
 
 This confederacy, sir, has withstood many a shock, but 
 none so serious as thaknow apparently imminent. The fathers 
 in our councils, old weather-beaten veterans, like your own 
 Crittenden, whose courage has not faltered amid the wildest 
 tempests, when the troubled waves of popular sentiment 
 licked the very heavens, now confess that the tokens of the 
 gathering storm, the yeasty waves, the beclouded skies, and 
 the angry mutterings of the distant thunders, disturb their 
 profoundest apprehensions. 
 
 In this crisis how meet it is that three neighboring States 
 should meet together, and purging themselves by friendly 
 
23 
 
 intercourse and more intimate acquaintance, of mutual 
 prejudices and misconceptions, should with united voice pro- 
 claim, that behind them lies the great West, numbering in 
 States as many as the old confederacy, and in population 
 millions more, which has realized the majority which it has 
 attained, has put off every badge of pupilage, and having as- 
 sumed the manly toga, will henceforth assert its legitimate 
 powers in the conduct of public affairs. Tennessee, Ken- 
 tucky and Ohio, as frontier States of this great Western 
 Empire, are privileged to take the initiative in the assertion 
 of her long neglected rights. 
 
 Objects of high concern demand our closer union. The 
 inland States most of all are interested against a dissolution 
 of the ties that now connect us in one. They can never 
 consent that the great highways of trade by which they now 
 reach the open sea, and communicate with other countries, 
 shall pass under the control of what in the event of dissolu- 
 tion would be to the foreign nations , holding them, as the 
 rest of mankind, in peace friends and enemies in war. But 
 why dwell on the commercial considerations against disunion? 
 Other higher, nobler interests determine us against that re- 
 sult. All the glories of our past, the prosperity of the 
 future, depending on the perpetuity of the republic ; our dis- 
 grace and the dismay of a wishful world, consequent upon 
 its dismemberment. Here the young giant of the West may 
 well put forth his strength and strangle the monster Dis- 
 union ere it has fairly sprung into life. Tennessee is en- 
 trusted with the mortal remains of him whose strong will and 
 purified patriotism allayed the evil spirit of rebellion, when 
 once it lifted its horrid front against the perpetuity of the 
 Union ; and until Tennessee is prepared to part with the 
 tomb of Jackson and to turn its back upon the lesson of 
 faithfulness to the Constitution which his life illustrates, she 
 will not, I know, join her voice in the discordant cry of dis- 
 union. And old Kentucky, the history of whose dark and 
 bloody day, is so rich in the heroism of pioneer civilization ; 
 Kentucky holds the tomb of Clay. That grave is not yet 
 
24 
 
 sunk level with the ground ; the path to it is still trodden by 
 the veneration of those who love their country, for him 
 who loved her most of all. About it, partisan warfare has 
 grounded its weapons, and those who loved and those who 
 hated him in life, together join to lay the immortal wreath 
 upon his tomb. And can it be that so soon the echo of that 
 voice which Kentucky once leaped to hear, has lost its po- 
 tency to stir your hearts ? 
 
 No, no ! While a dead Clay sleeps under your sod, and 
 the practical sense of a Guthrie teaches a sound conserva- 
 tism, Disunion can erect no temple in Kentucky — can set up 
 no shrine here at which a single deluded devotee will wor- 
 ship. Ohio is not so rich in the remains of those whose 
 names are given to a splendid immortality, yet North Bend 
 overlooks the Queen City. 
 
 On the polished mirror of her reputation, ineffectual 
 slander has breathed, but Ohio invites Tennessee and Ken- 
 tucky to look therein and behold her ancient fraternity, her 
 undiminished loyalty. 
 
 Come over and visit her. You will find in her borders no 
 spirit of professional Union-saving for the sake of cotton, no 
 patriotism depending on the price of pork, but a devotion to 
 the Union for the sake of the Union. Ohio holds fast to the 
 Constitution as the sheet-anchor of her safety ; and, although 
 some of the compromises under it are against her sense of 
 right, and positively distasteful to her, yet she will fulfill 
 them all so long as they remain upon the statute-book. Con- 
 ceding this, she expects her sister States to exact from her 
 nothing that she can not fairly yield. In the old days, the 
 sons of Kentucky, under a Shelby and a Daviess, came over 
 and helped us against the savage foe; we invite you now to 
 come ; and together let us make a league against an enemy 
 more terrible than the scalping-knife and tomahawk ; an enemy 
 whose violent hands threaten to demolish the fabric of con- 
 stitutional government. 
 
 Accept this invitation from Ohio to visit her capitol, and 
 there laying our hands upon the altar, together let us renew 
 
25 
 
 our fidelity to that sacred sentiment, Union and Liberty, one 
 and inseparable, now and forever. 
 
 Come, brethren, and we will welcome you with hospitable 
 hands to fraternal feasts. 
 
 Gov. Merriwether. — Gentlemen, allow me to say I am in- 
 structed by the Legislative department of the State of Ken- 
 tucky to accept the invitation; but I am instructed to make 
 one stipulation, namely : that you will return with us to Ken- 
 tucky. 
 
 Lieut. Gov. Newman. — In the name of Tennessee and her 
 Representatives, we accept your invitation, and will go with 
 you to Columbus. 
 
 William J. Flagg, Esq., on behalf of the Cincinnati 
 Committee, here, in graceful terms, tendered to the Gov- 
 ernors of Kentucky and Indiana, and to the Legislatures 
 of Kentucky and Tennessee, the hospitalities of the citi- 
 zens of Cincinnati ; extending the invitation likewise to 
 the Municipal authorities of Nashville and Louisville here 
 present, and the various Committees connected with this 
 Festival, and to the Directors of the Louisville and Nash- 
 ville Railroad ; which were accepted by resounding accla- 
 mation. 
 
 The other regular toasts of the evening were the fol- 
 lowing : 
 
 Tennessee and Kentucky — Twin sisters, bound together in 
 an indissoluble embrace by geographical position, identity of 
 interests, of habits, of manners, and pursuits, and by a heart- 
 felt devotion to our glorious National Union. 
 
 The Federal Constitution — Its inviolability the only perma- 
 nent guarantee for the preservation of the Union, and fidelity 
 to its precepts the truest test of patriotism. 
 
 The Union-loving Men of the North — We hail with plea- 
 sure and reciprocate their manifestations of fraternal regard. 
 We honor them for their noble vindication of the Constitu- 
 tional rights of the South. 
 
26 
 
 Responded to by a member of Tennessee and one from 
 Kentucky. 
 
 The City of Nashville — Louisville extends to her the hand 
 of a loving sister, and welcomes her to this festive board. 
 
 The Louisville and Nashville Railroad — A new bond of 
 union between two States, already connected by the closest 
 ties. The successful completion of this great work amply 
 attests the ability and fidelity of those to whom it was con- 
 fided. 
 
 Speeches were delivered by Mr. Whitthorne, Speaker of 
 the Tennessee House of Representatives, and Lieutenant 
 Governor Porter, Speaker of the Kentucky Senate, in ac- 
 knowledgment of these toasts ; followed by Messrs. Stokes 
 and Payne, of the Tennessee Legislature, Hodge, of the 
 Kentucky Legislature, John G. Brown, Representative in 
 Congress ; and the Hon. Jas. Guthrie being loudly called 
 for, came forward and briefly replied : 
 
 Fellow - Citizens : — After so much that has been said, and 
 well said, and which, I am fully impressed, has reached the 
 hearts and penetrated the judgments of all in attendance, I 
 can not obtain my consent to inflict a speech on you, well 
 knowing that to the patriotic sentiments already uttered, I 
 can add nothing, and can not inspire in your hearts more en- 
 thusiasm for the Union, and a purer patriotism, than you now 
 give evidence of; an evidence which, let me assure you, gen- 
 tlemen, is to me a source of gratification words can not ex- 
 press. Carry to your homes the sentiments that now animate 
 your hearts, and abide by them through the coming years. 
 The consciousness, sir, that the West is for the Union and 
 the Constitution, and the faithful carrying out of its pro- 
 visions, affords a basis for hearty congratulation, renewed 
 confidence in the permanency of our institutions, and an en- 
 larged hope for and trust in the future and the richness of its 
 results. We see the whole thirty-three of the constellation 
 
27 
 
 that forms this glorious Union unbroken, and, if we stand by 
 the Constitution and guarantees, the sight will ever gladden 
 our eyes and the eyes of our children. 
 
 A full consciousness of the inestimable blessings we now 
 possess in the Union of these States, we may never arrive at 
 until deprived of them : but in such an event, the poignancy 
 of our remorse will be increased by the reflection that never 
 can we regain our lost paradise of freedom and beneficent 
 institutions. 0 let us, then, guard our political birthright 
 with a most jealous vigilance, pledging to its protection our 
 lives, our fortunes, and our sacred honors. 
 
 Fellow-citizens, I need pursue this subject no further. You 
 all doubtless feel how much depends on the recognition of our 
 Constitution and laws, and the strict enforcement of them in 
 letter and spirit. 
 
 I would say a word of the great system of internal im- 
 provement now engaging Western enterprise. In these fields 
 political animosities seldom have entrance. Slowly but surely 
 are results herein accomplished which bear the most vital re- 
 lations to our political welfare, and all with so little confusion. 
 The Louisville and Nashville Railroad is one of these enter- 
 prises, already realizing the most beneficial results, commer- 
 cial, social, and political. Let us encourage them. 
 
 In conclusion, let me urge upon you not to despair of the 
 Union, but set vigorously to work to protect it from further 
 attacks, both from abroad and at home. 
 
 The vast assemblage then arose, and, with three pro- 
 longed and deafening cheers for the Union, dispersed in a 
 blaze of enthusiasm. 
 
 On Wednesday evening, January 25th, the magnificent 
 steamer, Jacob Strader, so generously provided for the ac- 
 commodation of the Governors, the Legislatures of Ten- 
 nessee and Kentucky, together with the Municipal authori- 
 ties of Louisville, Nashville, and Frankfort, shoved out into 
 
28 
 
 the stream, and, amid the cheering of the vast crowd as- 
 sembled on the levee, and deafened by the joyous reverbe- 
 rations of cannon, gallantly stemmed the turbid tide of the 
 noble Ohio, bound for Cincinnati and the hospitalities of 
 the Buckeyes. Just prior to starting, Col. Payne, of Ten- 
 nessee, eloquently addressed the large audience, and the 
 patriotic sentiments enunciated were received with un- 
 bounded applause and approbation. 
 
 On the steamer everything was “ merry as a marriage 
 bell.” The entire party, of over six hundred, were in 
 capital spirits, which found vent in those social amenities 
 peculiarly characteristic of the West. 
 
 The excursion, above Madison, met the Telegraph, from 
 Cincinnati to Louisville. She returned with them to Madi- 
 son, where, while speeches were being delivered, a few 
 hundred shakedowns or cots, for the accommodation of the 
 super excursionists, were received. 
 
 Mr. Harrington, on the part of the corporation, made a 
 welcoming speech, to which Col. Payne responded for the 
 excursionists. Senator Andrews, of Kentucky, was called 
 for, and he made a brief and happy speech. 
 
 The guests, in charge of the Committee of the Ohio 
 Legislature, arrived in Cincinnati between eight and nine 
 o’clock, Thursday morning, on the Jacob Strader, to the 
 number of about five hundred. The boat lay-to about six 
 miles below the city. 
 
 At six o’clock the steamers Silver Moon and Bostona, 
 chartered by the Citizens’ Committee, left the wharf to 
 meet the Strader. Both boats were crowded. A band of 
 music was on each steamer, and an escort of the Guthrie 
 Grays. Breakfast was spread on each steamer for the ac- 
 commodation of guests. 
 
 In the early dawn the steamers met. It was unexpected 
 
29 
 
 to the guests. Amid cheers and strains of music, Cincin- 
 nati gave forth her first greeting to the visitors, inviting 
 them to a smoking hot breakfast The invitation was 
 greeted with enthusiastic cheers. 
 
 The three boats were lashed abreast, and swept up to 
 the city, with banners flying, bands playing, and the peo- 
 ple in great enthusiasm. 
 
 The scene, on reaching the city, was decidedly imposing. 
 The bands on the boats were playing, the steam whistles, 
 at intervals, roaring like concentrated hurricanes, the can- 
 non thundering from the shore, and the boats loaded to 
 the guards with people, whose shouts were answered back 
 with interest. 
 
 On the roof of one of the foundries, in the lower part 
 of the city, the workmen were out with a flag of our coun- 
 try, marching to the “ music of the Union,” — salutes were 
 fired from the wharf and from the Newport barracks. 
 
 The people turned out from the city largely, and Weak- 
 ened the boats and the landing, showing the enthused 
 state of popular feeling. 
 
 The boats swept grandly past the city up to the depot, 
 where they landed. 
 
 Owing to the inconveniently early hour at which the 
 boats arrived, and the limited notice which had been given 
 of the programme, the crowd on the wharf was not as great 
 as it would have been under other circumstances. The 
 buildings in front of the landing were beautifully decorated 
 with flags. The approach of the boats from below was an- 
 nounced by a gun from the barracks across the river, and 
 then the brass field pieces from this side, which were effi- 
 ciently served by a squad of the Independent Guthrie Ar- 
 tillery, under the command of Capt.Phil. Cloon, joined in, 
 bellowing “ deep-mouthed welcome” to the distinguished 
 
30 
 
 guests of Ohio, The trio of boats, swarming with people — 
 the Bostona on the inside, the Silver Moon on the outside, 
 and the majestic Strader in the center — steamed grace- 
 fully up the river, amid the thunders of the artillery, 
 to a point above Broadway, where they paused in the mid- 
 dle of the stream, while the Silver Moon and Bostona de- 
 tached themselves from the Strader, the latter continuing 
 her journey to the depot, greeted with hearty cheers, which 
 were as heartily returned. At the depot of the Little Mi- 
 ami road the guests disembarked, took seats in the cars 
 of the special train furnished by Superintendent Durand. 
 
 The train of fifteen cars was well filled, and moved from 
 the depot amid the acclamations of a multitude. The 
 company embraced between six and seven hundred per- 
 sons, including the Governor of Kentucky,. the Lieutenant 
 Governor of Tennessee, the Legislatures, and a number of 
 the officers of both States, a number of the officers and 
 Councilmen of Louisville, a Committee of the Legislature 
 of Ohio, about forty ladies from Tennessee and Kentucky, 
 and as many editors and reporters. The train consisted 
 of twelve cars. Menter’s band accompanied the excur- 
 sion on an engagment with the State. 
 
 As the train passed through the eastern portion of the 
 city it was frequently greeted with cheers, which served to 
 increase the gratification of the guests at the enthusiastic 
 reception. 
 
 All along the route, a lively interest in the excursion 
 was manifested. Flags and handkerchiefs were waved, and 
 the people appeared in excellent humor — everything but 
 the weather had a hospitable appearance. 
 
 There were at some points tasteful decorations. Among 
 those we remarked was a fine display at Branch Hill. 
 
 The ladies on the excursion — and there were in the 
 
31 
 
 company some of the fair daughters of Tennessee and Ken- 
 tucky — States renowned for beauty and for chivalry — were 
 particularly interested in the announcement of the arrival 
 at Loveland . There was something in the name that was 
 suggestive, and all exercised their wit and fancy upon it. 
 A proposition was made to leave the ladies at that place, as 
 appropriate for them, but they declined to be separated. 
 
 Colonel Holmes, Senator from Hamilton county, declared 
 through the cars, that all those who bore tickets “ Guests 
 of Ohio” must, while they remained in the State, exhibit 
 them, and they were currency that would be a legal tender 
 everywhere, and for all amounts. This announcement was 
 received with distinguished approbation. 
 
 Nothing of special interest had occurred until the train 
 reached Loveland. N. Longworth, Esq., had sent the Cin- 
 cinnati Committee twelve boxes of his sparkling Catawba 
 to cheer the guests on their way to Columbus. Shortly 
 after leaving Loveland the bottles were opened, and the 
 corks began to pop. It did cheer up the guests. Mr. 
 Longworth’s health was drank over and over again, and all 
 sorts of sentiments uttered, complimentary to Ohio hospi- 
 tality. And the Union was cemented over and over again, 
 with the sparkling wine from the Ohio hills. One senti- 
 ment was offered and passed through the train with enthu- 
 siasm. It was this — 
 
 66 The Union — Long worth preserving.” 
 
 Some sort of demonstration was made at nearly every 
 town passed. The company were free with the return 
 cheers. One farm-house on the road side was beautifully 
 decorated. The words “ Welcome to Kentucky and Ten- 
 nessee,” were in large evergreen letters over the door. 
 Beneath them, leaning on his staff, was an old veteran, 
 who cheerfully greeted the train, which passed slowly by 
 
32 
 
 the house. The sight was a pretty one, and elicited hearty 
 cheers from the guests. 
 
 Hon. William B. Hubbard, President C. & X. B. R Co., 
 whose zeal had left nothing wanting to ensure the safe and 
 rapid transportation of the guests of the State, accompa- 
 nied the Legislative Committees and Governor’s Staff to 
 Xenia. 
 
 The “ Guests of Ohio” having their appetites sharpened 
 by the ride and the wine, were prepared to hear, with ap- 
 proval, that a collation was to be served at Xenia — and 
 there was no little inquiry as to how far it was to Xenia, 
 and what time we would get there. At Xenia there was a 
 fine military turn out, a salute, a big crowd, great enthu- 
 siasm, and a good time generally. 
 
 The troops on duty as escort were companies A., B., E., 
 G., F., 1st Beg. Infantry, 0. Y. M. Co.B. Inf., 4th Brig. 
 8th Division; all under command of Col. E. A. King , of 
 Dayton. Company A., Light Art., 5th Brig., 8th Division. 
 Companies A., B., D., E., 2d Beg. Inf. 0. V. M., Lient. 
 Col. Mills. Company A., Light Art., 1st Brig., loth Div. 
 Company A., Light Artillery, 2d Brig., 2d Division. All 
 under command of Major General IL Wilson and Brig. 
 Gen. L. Buttles, and in all about four hundred troops ; who 
 were thus detailed from neighboring counties under Special 
 Orders, Nos. 23 and 24, issued by the Adjutant General, 
 Carrington, on the 25th, and performed escort duty until 
 the excursion reached Cincinnati on their return. 
 
 A lunch had been prepared at Xenia, by order of the 
 State. It came very acceptable. The tables w r ere pro- 
 fusely filled. The guests met there another delegation of 
 the Legislature, and a Committee of the City Council of 
 Columbus. 
 
33 
 
 Upon the guests filling the saloon, Gen. Carrington, in 
 behalf of the Governor, gave the following welcome : 
 
 “ I am instructed by the Governor of the State, to meet 
 you at this mid-point, between our commercial and political 
 capitals, to assure you how heartily he seconds the cordial 
 invitation of the General Assembly of our State to our Cap- 
 itol. He deems it a high honor and a peculiar privilege that 
 it should have fallen to his lot to be the Representative of the 
 people at this joyous and eventful period. It is a rare inter- 
 view that now draws nigh, and one that must be necessarily 
 rare in the history of our nation, when three sovereign States 
 are thus dissolved in one by so hearty and fraternal an em- 
 brace. Whether this shall be the last, as it is the first occa- 
 sion of the kind, the future alone must unfold; but of one 
 thing he is assured, that though we soon part to see each 
 other’s faces no more, and the unrestrained interchange of 
 courtesies now witnessed shall not return ; yet the memory of 
 these hours, and the ties that are now so close and endearing, 
 will so cement our great and growing Union, that no force of 
 faction, no selfish ambition, no violence of parties-, or parti- 
 zans, shall ever be able to shatter or disturb it.” 
 
 The lunch at Xenia was decidedly satisfactory. There 
 was a bountiful supply of eatables and drinkables, and no 
 guest of the State left that place either hungry or thirsty. 
 The guests were delighted with their reception, which they 
 pronounced hospitality in the large sense of that word. 
 
 The turn out of the populace at this place was particu- 
 larly pleasing. The vicinity of the depot was densely 
 crowded, and a mass of some hundreds, stood without 
 flinching in the snow storm which was heavy and driven 
 by a strong wind, to listen to the orators of Tennessee and 
 Kentucky. 
 
 Other gentlemen followed, and there were responses by 
 
34 
 
 Kentuckians and Tennesseeans. The speeches were all 
 short, and elicited the most enthusiastic cheering. Every 
 allusion to the Union was received with extravagant demon- 
 strations. After the word all aboard had been given, more 
 speeches were demanded, and there was speaking from the 
 platforms of several cars. Among the speakers was Mr. 
 Johnson, of the Tennessee Legislature; also Mr. J. K. 
 Goodloe, of the Kentucky Legislature, whose speech was 
 as follows : 
 
 Fellow- Citizens : Speaking on this occasion for Kentucky, 
 I thank you for this manifestation of hospitality and fraternal 
 good will. We are not surprised at the magnificent demonstra- 
 tion which meets us here to-day ; for, from the first moment we 
 set our feet upon Ohio soil, we have witnessed the same out- 
 pouring of the people, the same unbounded hospitality and 
 met with the same generous and enthusiastic reception. And 
 standing here in the midst of this vast assemblage, looking 
 upon all these strange but kind and beaming faces, enjoying 
 your cheer and glorious welcome, we say from the bottom of 
 our hearts that we are glad we are here to-day, and realize at 
 this moment “how sweet and pleasant it is for brethren to 
 dwell together in unity.” We do not regard this occasion, 
 nor the invitation which brought us to your State and takes 
 us to your Capitol to meet the Legislature of Ohio, as an ex- 
 pression simply of personal good will to us. No, no. We regard 
 them as of far higher importance and greater significance than 
 that. We regard and will cherish them as an expression of 
 your love and fidelity to your sister States of Kentucky and 
 Tennessee, to the Union and the Constitution. And viewing 
 the matter in fhat light, we accept with profound sensibility 
 all that you have offered us. I assure you in return that our 
 hearts are also filled with like generous emotions toward Ohio, 
 and like devotion to the Union, the Constitution and the rights 
 of the States under the Constitution. We have always be- 
 lieved the great State of Ohio to be true and loyal to this 
 Union. We have always believed in her conservatism and 
 
35 
 
 integrity. Since we have witnessed the generous enthusiasm 
 of her people, seen the outpouring of her masses, from the 
 aged sire to the tenderest scion, and heard the patriotic and 
 noble sentiments uttered by those who have met, received and 
 ■welcomed us at various places, we know that she will stand 
 firmly and unflinchingly by the Union and the Constitution. 
 This conviction fills our hearts with the liveliest emotions of 
 happiness and dissipates the fears we may have entertained 
 for the perpetuity of the Union. And when we return to our 
 people and homes and tell our fathers and mothers and friends 
 of all your kindness, sympathy and enthusiasm, of your con- 
 servative sentiments and patriotic Union speeches, they will 
 feel as we do — that the prayers they have uttered for our 
 country and the sacrifices offered up upon its common altar 
 for the preservation of the Union and the Constitution, have 
 been answered. 
 
 Let me say here, that Ohio, Indiana, Kentucky and Ten- 
 nessee, constitute the key stone of this Union, and so long as 
 they stand together this Union can not be dissolved. These 
 great States of the Mississippi Valley, together with Illinois, 
 form the grandest center around which a mighty empire ever 
 clustered. But I have not time to pursue this thought. 
 
 This will ever be to us a memorable era. We believe it is 
 the natal era of a better state of feeling between the North 
 and the South, the slave and the free States, than has hereto- 
 fore apparently existed. We believe that this mingling and 
 fraternal association of three States of this Union, will be 
 mighty for good and most potent for the suppression of any 
 ill feeling, jealousy or distrust which may have existed be- 
 tween the two sections. I know we all fervently hope that 
 such may be the results of this most interesting event in the 
 history of this country. And why should there be any other 
 than the best feeling existing between us? Are we not the 
 same people? Are not our interests vitally blended? Have 
 we not a common history? and are not the memories of the 
 Revolution, the toils and dangers of frontier life, the conflicts 
 by which this Northwestern territory was won and defended, 
 
36 
 
 and the wisdom and patriotism by wdiich the whole have been 
 preserved, the common property of all the States of this 
 Union ? Who, then, will dare to throw a fire brand between 
 us, and destroy that which has been so dearly and gloriously 
 achieved? Why should not Ohio and Kentucky love and 
 stand by each other ? There are many things (of which I can 
 not now’ even make mention) in the history of each to draw 
 them into very close fellowship. It is true that a broad sheet 
 of water flows between us, hut instead of dividing it only 
 unites us and forms a common highway for the transportation 
 and passage of the products and commerce of our fruitful and 
 wealthy States. And that same Ohio river is hut a type of 
 our nationality and oneness. It is made of kindred tributary 
 drops which, uniting together, create the great stream which 
 washes the shores of Kentucky for seven hundred and fifty 
 miles. So this empire, composed of different States and kin- 
 dred communities, each one independent in its sphere, meet 
 at last under the Federal Constitution and make one great, 
 powerful and free Government. May the Sovereign States 
 of this Union, like the drops which compose “ The Beautiful 
 River,” unite and flow on in unruffled and harmonious asso.- 
 ciation to the accomplishment of our great destiny. 
 
 I have only time, in conclusion, to say again that we thank 
 you for your hospitality, and to assure you that though we 
 may never be able to express how deeply we have been im- 
 pressed by your kindness to us and loyalty to the Union, yet 
 we have all safe in our hearts, where we will cherish you and 
 yours, the Union and the Constitution. 
 
 Just as the train started, the multitude cried out for 
 Gov. Magoffin. He came to the car door and said : 
 
 “ People of Ohio — I have a charge to prefer, probably tire 
 first- I ever have preferred, against, your Adjutant General. 
 He put me away in a car with grave Senators and able Rep- 
 resentatives of your beautiful Commonwealth - r and, because 
 I had a bad cold, I thought I had better obey orders. But, 
 
37 
 
 obedient to tbe higher power of the people, he relented and 
 I forgave him. Snow, or no snow, I must tell you how 
 grateful to my heart is your welcome. He comes delegated by 
 your Governor, and I thank him for his sincere and hearty 
 welcome. I come, to respond to the call of the Sovereigns. 
 Worthy Citizens — I love Kentucky, and I love Ohio. I love 
 our glorious Union, cemented by our common blood, endeared 
 by unnumbered, precious memories. Be you faithful, as I 
 know you will, and our common destiny will be glorious and 
 perpetual.” 
 
 Governor Magoffin was speaking when the train moved. 
 The cheering on and off the cars was very enthusiastic 
 when the train left. The train moved on, and at London 
 were received by Light Artillery Co. A, 3d Brig., 8th Div. 
 0. V. M. 
 
 The party was very joyous after leaving Xenia, and sev- 
 eral long speeches were made, and cheers given for Ohio 
 and the Union. 
 
 IT. B. Carrington, Adjutant General, passed through the 
 cars, and. in each of them bid the guests, in behalf of the 
 Governor of Ohio, a cordial welcome. He was received 
 with great glee and good feeling. In some of the cars his 
 words of welcome were responded to in clever style. After 
 the Adjutant General came a Committee of the General 
 Assembly, who distributed hotel badges and the following 
 
 PROGRAMME OF THE RECEPTION AT COLUMBUS. 
 
 In the reception of the Governors of Kentucky, Tennes- 
 see and Indiana and the General Assemblies of Kentucky 
 and Tennessee, January 26th, 1860, the following order will 
 bn observed: 
 
 1. A Committee of the two Houses, accompanied by the 
 Adjutant General and the members of the Governor’s Staff, 
 
38 
 
 will take the morning train, and meet the invited guest of the 
 State at Xenia. 
 
 2. The [Military will form on High-street, the left resting 
 on State-street, facing east, at twelve o’clock, M. 
 
 3. The Joint Committee of Arrangements will form on the 
 walk leading west from the State House, at half-past twelve 
 o’clock, P. M., and go to the depot under the escort of the 
 military. 
 
 4. National Salute on arrival of train conveying the guests. 
 
 The procession will then proceed to the Capitol in the fol- 
 lowing order: 
 
 1. The Military. 
 
 2. The Committee of Invitation and Escort, and Arrange- 
 ments. 
 
 3. Governors of Kentucky, Tennessee and Indiana, in car- 
 riages, accompanied by the Governor’s Staff. 
 
 4. Senate of Kentucky. 
 
 5. House of Representatives of Kentucky. 
 
 6. Senate of Tennessee. 
 
 7. House of Representatives of Tennessee. 
 
 8. The City Councils of Cincinnati, Louisville and Mem- 
 phis. 
 
 9. On reaching the Hall of Representatives, the Chairman 
 of Invitation and Escort Committee will present the guests 
 to the General Assembly of Ohio. 
 
 10. The guests will be received by the Governor of Ohio, 
 Hon. Wm. Dennison, Jr. 
 
 (Badges will be distributed by the Committee on the cars, 
 designating the hotels at which the guests will be quartered. 
 These Badges will admit the guests to all places of a public 
 nature, and all entertainments during their visit. Carriages 
 will be in waiting at the hotels, to convey the guests of the 
 State to the Public Institutions, and elsewhere, as they may 
 select.) 
 
 11. Levee at the State House from seven to a quarter be- 
 fore ten, P. M. 
 
12. Banquets at the Neil House, American House, and 
 Goodale House, at ten o’clock. 
 
 13. The Committee on Invitation and Escort, and Commit- 
 tee of Arrangements, with the Military, will escort the guests 
 to the cars on Friday morning, when a salute of twenty-one 
 guns will be fired. 
 
 Marshals of the Bay — Mr. Smith, on the part of the Senate, 
 and Messrs. Woods and Carlisle, on the part of the House. 
 
 F. P. Cuppy, 
 
 Chairman Senate Committee. 
 
 S. E. Browne, 
 
 Chairman House Committee. 
 
 The train reached Columbus at 3 P. M., in the midst 
 of a snow storm, but were received with hearty enthusiasm. 
 The people of Columbus assembled in great numbers at the 
 Depot and on the streets, cheering the procession to the 
 portals of the State House. The Committee of Escort, 
 and other officers, conducted the guests into the Hall of the 
 House of Representatives, where they were received by the 
 General Assembly. 
 
 The Senate of Ohio, with their President and officers, 
 were organized in joint convention with the House, and 
 the galleries were crowded with ladies, when the Sergeant- 
 at-Arms announced the committee of escort, who intro- 
 duced the Legislatures of Tennessee and Kentucky. 
 
 The Governor of Kentucky and Speaker of the Senate 
 of Tennessee were received by the Governor, Lieutenant 
 Governor and Speaker of the House of Representatives. 
 The members of the Senate and House of Representatives 
 of Kentucky and Tennessee mingling with those of Ohio 
 within the bar. 
 
 Governor Dennison delivered in the most impressive 
 manner the following welcome : 
 
40 
 
 Friends of Kentucky, of Tennessee and of Indiana: On 
 behalf of the people of Ohio, speaking through their General 
 Assembly, I receive you at this, their Capitol. 
 
 I greet you as Representatives of sovereign States ; I salute 
 you as brethren of the great Valley of the Mississippi, the 
 center and the citadel of the national confederacy. I greet 
 you as fellow-citizens of the Union so dear to us all, the 
 source of whatever makes us most proud of our country, and 
 the preservation of which for the equal and common benefit 
 of all the States, is alike the highest and most grateful duty of 
 the American citizen. By all these honored titles you are 
 heartily welcomed here to-day. 
 
 Governor Magoffin responded eloquently on the part of 
 the State of Kentucky. Addressing the Governor and 
 General Assembly, he said : 
 
 I must return, in behalf of the people of my state and of 
 the Legislature of Kentucky, our grateful thanks for this most 
 cordial welcome. We had expected a warm welcome from the 
 people of Ohio, but were unprepared for such a greeting 
 as we have had. It has been a magnificent pageant from the 
 moment we set foot on the landing at Cincinnati. We were 
 received with' the roar of peaceful cannon and the shouts of 
 welcoming hosts. 
 
 We will take home this welcome to the’people of Kentucky. 
 We will tell them of it, and we will tell them that all we have 
 to do to keep this Government together, is to see each other 
 oftener and to know each other better. Coming from the 
 great Empire State of the Great West — -from this State, re- 
 nowned for her splendid educational systems, and her benevo- 
 lent institutions — eminent for her vast achievements, and glo- 
 rious in her successful enterprise — we lay to our hearts the 
 welcome of her chivalrous sons and beautiful daughters, and 
 the generous hospitality with which they greet us. Let me 
 return them in behalf of the people of Kentucky, and in be- 
 
41 
 
 half of her Representatives, our earnest and warmest thanks 
 for this your graceful welcome. 
 
 Gov. Magoffin then introduced Col. Newman, Speaker 
 of the Tennessee Senate, who responded in behalf of Ten- 
 nessee. Addressing Gov. Dennison, he said : 
 
 I desire to thank you, sir, as the Executive of Ohio, in be- 
 half of the Representatives and through them of the people 
 of Tennessee, for your welcome. In the name of the people 
 of Tennessee, whom I represent on this occasion, I return 
 our hearty thanks for your hospitalities ; and to you, ladies of 
 Ohio, Tennessee returns her thanks for your presence and 
 smiles on this day. We come up among you at your proud 
 Capitol as brethren. We come not to invade you with hostile 
 banners, but to engage with you in feasts of brotherly love. 
 It is Kentucky, Indiana and Tennessee that meet Ohio on this 
 occasion, and I tell you, fellow-citizens, that while Congress 
 can not organize, these four sovereign States of the great 
 Mississippi Yalley will assemble and greet each other as 
 brethren of one country, bound together by a common consti- 
 tution, each ready to swear to support the Constitution, the 
 Union and the laws. We come together for a common pur- 
 pose. We come because we can say, in the Capitol of Ohio, 
 that we are brethren of one blood! We come, fellow-citizens 
 of Ohio, to renew the bonds of the Constitution and the Union 
 here. In olden time, when our fathers met in Independence 
 Hall to form a Constitution, it was with feelings that should 
 inspire us now. What did they say were their object in form- 
 ing that Constitution? “ We, the people of the United States, 
 in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, in- 
 sure domestic tranquillity, provide for the common defense, 
 promote the general welfare and secure the blessings of liber- 
 ty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this 
 Constitution for the United States of America.” Not for one, 
 but for all the States was this Constitution established ; and 
 here to-day have met the Representatives of the first three 
 that entered the Union after the old thirteen. 
 
42 
 
 To-day, in the name of Tennessee, we are willing to swear 
 to support it. We are willing to pledge her honor, her faith 
 and her arms,, to support that Constitution with all its com- 
 pacts, compromises and guarantees, with the laws made under 
 it. We ask nothing more, we expect nothing less. I say for 
 the Representatives of Tennessee and for the people whom 
 we represent, that as the Bible is to the Christian’s heart, so is 
 the Constitution of our beloved country to the political heart 
 of Tennessee. We return you, then, fellow-citizens of Ohio, 
 our warmest thanks for your most generous welcome, and be- 
 lieve us we will bear the remembrance of it in our hearts. 
 
 On motion of Senator Stanley, this Joint Convention of 
 all the Legislatures then adjourned. 
 
 The reception in the Hall of the House of Representa- 
 tives was responsive and heartily enthusiastic. Gov. Den- 
 nison acquitted himself admirably — “ taking down ” our 
 Southern friends by his gallant bearing, and Gov. Magof- 
 fin, of Kentucky, and Lieut. Gov. Newman, of Tennessee, 
 responded with a whole-souled heartiness and a power of 
 eloquence, which inspired all hands with mutual brotherly 
 kindness and courtesy. The people rushed up from all 
 quarters to greet their guests. Citizens of Columbus flung 
 open the doors of their houses wide. Banners and patri- 
 otic mottoes decorated the outer walls of hotels, business 
 houses and dwellings. Ohio ladies greeted their friends 
 from the South with frank and bewitching grace. 
 
 The fact was, that our Ohio fellow-citizens “ spread 
 themselves ” like the Philistines in the valleys. Every- 
 body was “dead set” on doing something to save the 
 Union, and resolved to show to “Old Kentucky” and to 
 Tennessee, that Buckeye women and men were in earnest. 
 They had but short notice to prove their mettle, but they 
 did it nobly. 
 
48 
 
 As soon as the Joint Convention of the General Assem- 
 bly adjourned, Gov. Dennison took charge of Gov. Magoffin, 
 Lieut. Governor Porter and Lieut. Governor Newman, and 
 opened to them and others the hospitalities of the Guber- 
 natorial mansion. Carriages were in waiting for all the 
 guests who wished to avail themselves of the short remnant 
 of the day to visit the Public Institutions of the State, 
 and many of them, escorted by the Legislators or officers 
 of the State, availed themselves of the invitation. But the 
 mass of the Ohio people, which had jammed into the Hall 
 of the House to hear Southern orators, being in a good 
 humor, uproariously demanded oratory, and speakers fol- 
 lowed each other in quick succession, emulating each other 
 in devotion to, and admiration of, the Union. 
 
 Col. J. W. Crockett, of Kentucky, led off, gallantly 
 speaking of the Union and the memories and associations 
 that cluster around it — so rich in the past — so grand in 
 the present, and so sublime in the prospective. 
 
 Hon. John Y. Brown, M. C. elect from Kentucky, fol- 
 lowed Mr. Crockett : 
 
 He came from a State proverbial for its chivalry and its 
 hospitality, to join the people of Ohio in the assurances of 
 love and veneration for the Constitution of our common 
 country — the proudest legacy of wisdom and the greatest 
 chart of liberty. Kentucky, Tennessee and Ohio are for the 
 Union, first, last and forever. Its traditions and its glories 
 belong alike to all; the bones of the children of the North 
 and of the South whiten every battlefield; and if invaded, the 
 the bones of the people from both sections would again mingle 
 on the field of carnage. In the hearts of the people there is 
 no disunion, and there is no reason now why we should not 
 all stand by the Constitution and the Union — the symbol of 
 the past, the guarantee for the future. 
 
44 
 
 Rodney Mason, of Springfield, Ohio, was called upon to 
 respond, and said : 
 
 Fellow -Citizens : — They tell us — these talking politicians — 
 that this Union is in danger. In God’s name, I would ask, 
 from what? Is it from abroad? Peace smiles upon all our 
 borders. Besides, were this not so, external pressure would 
 but conduce to closer intimacy; not disintegrate our people. 
 It is at home the danger is, they say. It is you and I, my 
 brother, that are to quarrel and to fight. How little do they 
 know our hearts, and the sentiments that move us. No! no! 
 there is but one danger to our common country, and that 
 is of mutual misconceptions and misunderstanding of each 
 other’s feelings. It is to this end that designing partisans, 
 with you and with us, most consistently labor. They da- 
 guerreotype, each the other, with perverted features. Act- 
 uated by the same motives, their own aggrandizement, they 
 arrive by contrary roads at the same end. They would make 
 us believe that your favorite exercise is whipping your 
 slaves; while to you they represent that our most favorite 
 occupation is stealing them. While the truth is, that the 
 men engaged in the under-ground railroad operations bear 
 about the same proportion to our entire population that the 
 cruel and oppressive masters do to yours. 
 
 I trust that this visit may tend to make us know each other 
 better, and that you may be able, at least, to report to your 
 people that even our Republicans (Black, you call us ; but 
 never mind, words are the signs of ideas , not of things ) are 
 not much worse than other average specimens of the genus 
 homo. It need not be disguised that there are points of dif- 
 ference in opinion, and it may be of interests. It were 
 strange indeed, if, in a country so wide as ours, this were not 
 so. But what of this? Can we not differ without dissen- 
 tions, nor disagree without diminution of affection? 
 
 Upon the question of slavery in the Territories, we may, 
 and doubtless do, differ widely; upon the matter of slavery 
 in Kentucky and Tennessee, not at all. If you desire to re- 
 
45 
 
 tain it, we say nothing, asking you only to keep your negroes 
 there, for we do n’t want them. This, I declare in all sin- 
 cerity, is the honest sentiment of nine tenths of the people 
 of Ohio, and I know them well. 
 
 This Union in danger! ’Tis but the night-mare dream of 
 feverish excitement, or the false representations of designing 
 politicians, who, for paltry ambition, would shake the foun- 
 dations of the Republic. Look at the scene now presented 
 in the Hall of National Representatives, — a disorderly crowd, 
 and not ashamed to show before the world the disgraceful 
 spectacle of an American Congress unable or unwilling to 
 effect their own organization. Take their word for it, and 
 the fountains of the great deep are about to be broken up, 
 and the desolating waters of a new deluge to sweep over the 
 land and blot forever from the map this proud Confederacy 
 of States. And yet you, the Representatives of our South- 
 ern sisters, do but set your feet upon the soil of Ohio, and 
 its people, with gladsome shouts, signify their pleasure at 
 your coming. Your progress to our capital has been a pro- 
 cession cheered at every station by a fraternal greeting. 
 Your hearts can not but have felt, your sympathy acknowl- 
 edged, its sincerity. Why, then, this mighty difference? 
 There, are the politicians; but here, are the people. 
 
 The people of the States here represented have a peculiar 
 and inseparable interest. The memory of the past, its suf- 
 ferings and its sacrifices, has laid the foundation of a warm 
 affection, which an identity of interests has consolidated into 
 love. Men of Kentucky and Tennessee, I tell you that it is 
 with no ordinary and mere patriotic feeling we greet your 
 advent here. The people of Ohio may be less demonstrative 
 in their expressions- than your more ardent temperament 
 renders you, but not less sincere ; and believe me, that Ohio 
 has not, nor will ever, forget the debt she owes to you. My 
 own County of Clarke bears the name of one of the most dis- 
 tinguished of your pioneers, and in one of the most beauti- 
 ful of her valleys the rich blood of your patriot sires was 
 outpoured in battle. Mistake not the ultraism of our poli- 
 
46 
 
 ticians for the ’true sentiments of our people. With us, 
 as with you, this pestilent crew are the unceasing cause of 
 trouble. 
 
 And now, in conclusion, permit me to make one sugges- 
 tion, — that we shall join in one united effort, North and 
 South, to stop the mouths of the entire fraternity of dema- 
 gogues. Then would the rising cloud disappear, and the 
 smiling sun shine forever upon our land. Then, hand in 
 hand, could we work out the problem of our nation’s destiny, 
 without suspicion of each other’s motives, and rivals only in 
 the race of progress. Let each State develop, to the utmost, 
 its natural and industrial resources. This is the only sensible 
 proposition I heard coming from the politicians this winter. 
 Let us cultivate a broad sentiment of patriotism, instead of 
 the narrow and selfish feeling of mere State pride, and each 
 will see in the development of the other a glory of which all 
 partake. In a contest such as this, men of Kentucky and 
 Tennessee, Ohio is willing to join with you; but, as the Lord 
 liveth, in none less holy will she engage. 
 
 Gen. Geiger, of Columbus, was next demanded : 
 
 He hid the Representatives of Tennessee and Kentucky 
 welcome — thrice welcome in their invasion. This was not 
 the first invasion or encroachment the North had suffered 
 from the South. Virginia, when she gave the great North- 
 west to freedom, and sent her children to populate it — in- 
 vaded our Ohio, and we now live to bless her for it. George 
 Washington invaded the North when he took command of 
 the Revolutionary army; and now Kentucky and Tennessee 
 have invaded Ohio with the token of good will. Again he 
 welcomed them in their invasion. 
 
 Mr. Speaker Whitthorne, of the Tennessee House of 
 Representatives, then addressed the people in the same 
 eloquent strain, with which Messrs. Crockett and Brown 
 
47 
 
 opened, and thereupon this branch of the festivities ad- 
 journed to witness the scenes without. 
 
 In the evening the hotels and other buildings on High 
 and other streets, fronting the Capitol, were illuminated. 
 The rotunda of the Capitol also glittered with hundreds of 
 lights, the whole making a magnificent display. Fire works 
 were discharged from the State House yard, and lights of 
 various colors burned. Menter’s band played from the 
 portico of the Neil House, and other bands were stationed 
 at other points. The display drew out the citizens en 
 masse . High-street never presented so lively and gay ap- 
 pearance as it did during the evening. 
 
 The first thing on the programme, in the evening, was a 
 levee at the State House. The whole building was lighted 
 up and thrown open. The members of the Legislature 
 and the Governor and other State officers, were in their 
 departments to receive the guests. The latter were courte- 
 ously received and agreeably entertained. 
 
 The citizens of Columbus, especially ladies, were there 
 in great numbers. In fact, the whole building was filled 
 with a gay and happy throng. The utmost freedom was 
 permitted. The Governor’s room was filled during the 
 hour, and he received all visitors with that manner for 
 which he is distinguished. 
 
 The levee brought the members of the Ohio Legislature 
 in direct contact with their guests, and seemed to put them 
 in a holiday humor. Up to this time they had not ac- 
 cepted the invitation of Cincinnati to accompany the visit- 
 ors, and become the guests of that city. Many of the 
 members were opposed to the excursion, and a vote on the 
 proposition had been avoided. Both Houses adjourned in 
 the evening to ten o’clock next morning, three quarters of 
 an hour after the guests were to take their departure. But 
 
48 
 
 the close intercourse of the members with the warm-hearted 
 Southerners induced them to change their minds. At eight 
 o’clock the next morning, both Houses met and went. 
 
 About half-past eight o’clock in the evening, a second 
 meeting was assembled in the Hall of the House of Rep- 
 resentatives — Governor Dennison presided. The crowd 
 was dense, and full of animation. 
 
 Col. George B, Hodge, of the Kentucky House of Rep- 
 resentatives, was called upon and responded briefly in a 
 most beautiful, eloquent and compact tribute to the Union ; 
 every sentiment of which “ brought down the House ” in 
 enthusiastic applause. He referred to the multitudes of 
 people he saw while coming up the Ohio River, both on 
 the Kentucky and Ohio shores, bidding the Representatives 
 of the South God-speed on their mission of fraternity and 
 peace; and alluded to the natural ties which bind the 
 Union inseparably together, in a strain of quiet but im- 
 pressive eloquence that at once attracted attention and 
 admiration. 
 
 Senator Andrews, of Kentucky, then made a “ class 
 meeting ” speech, keeping the audience laughing with his 
 palpable and humorous hits, and pleased with his off hand 
 eloquence. 
 
 Senator Paine, of Tennessee, who introduced himself as 
 representing the largest “ peculiar ” district in Tennessee, 
 addressed the Convention of the people of Tennessee, Ken- 
 tucky and Ohio, which he described as a mingling of the 
 Hickory, the Ash and the Buckeye. His speech was 
 agreeably mixed with practical allusions and suggestions 
 upon the relations existing between the North and the 
 South, humorous thoughts and vigorous eloquence. 
 
 The banqueting hour having arrived, the audience dis- 
 persed. 
 
49 
 
 Columbus has no hall large enough to accommodate so 
 large a company at table, and the Committee of Arrange- 
 ments hit upon a plan which overcame the inconvenience. 
 Three suppers were given, one at the Neil House, another 
 at the American, and a third at the Goodale ; all in very 
 good style. The guests were about equally divided at them. 
 The company sat down at each hotel at nine o’clock. 
 
 At ten o’clock the suppers were ended, and all repaired 
 to the Odeon Hall to finish the banquet. There side ta- 
 bles, covered with confectionary and other dainties, were 
 spread, and there the toasts were read and drank and the 
 responses made. 
 
 It was eleven o’clock before the exercises were com- 
 menced at the Odeon. The hall was crowded to excess, 
 many ladies being present. Menter’s band furnished the 
 music. The toasts and the speeches were all received with 
 enthusiastic demonstrations. 
 
 Lieut. Gov. Kirk presided, Mr. Speaker Parsons and 
 E. A. Parrott, Esq., of the House of Representatives, as- 
 sisting him. 
 
 The order of toasts was as follows : 
 
 Kentucky — Mother of wise statesmen and fair women ; her 
 younger sisters delight to do her honor. 
 
 Gov. Magoffin, of Kentucky, was called upon to respond. 
 He came forwrd and said that he regretted his indisposi- 
 tion to respond to a toast ; but he was wholly unable. He 
 would, therefore, introduce Senator Fisk, who would re- 
 spond in his place. Senator Fisk then arose and said : 
 
 The country had conceded that Kentucky had been for- 
 tunate in her statesmen, and greatly blessed by Providence 
 in her fair women; and, Mr. Chairman, the mothers of Ken- 
 tucky take a just pride in recounting the many proofs their 
 
50 
 
 sons have given of their wisdom, their valor, and their un- 
 calculating patriotism ; and, in their name and on their behalf, 
 I thank you for the high compliment your sentiment contains. 
 I wfill bear this sentiment home, and say to them that it was 
 sent by a great, powerful, enlightened, and hospitable people. 
 And, sir, be assured that the recollections of this day will 
 ever be cherished by the people of Kentucky as among the 
 happiest and brightest in her history. 
 
 The history of Kentucky is written, not in the events that 
 have transpired within her own borders only. No, sir, many 
 of her most valiant deeds have been written upon the bright- 
 est pages of the histories of her sister States. Kentucky 
 valor knows but one boundary, — that which encircles the 
 whole people. That nation or people which assails the 
 humblest citizen or the smallest State, is our enemy. No 
 hostile foot has ever trod the soil of Kentucky. But, sir, 
 Ohio, though not a part of our State, is yet a part of our 
 country — our great, glorious, and, we hope, ever to be united 
 country. When savage and British foes were upon you, Ken- 
 tucky rallied to your support. We came with fighting men, 
 and fought and triumphed under your General — the brave, 
 pure, and noble Harrison. Sons of Kentucky and Ohio 
 fought side by side — many side by side fell upon the same 
 battlefields, and were buried in kindred graves, and there they 
 still remain. We have come to-day to recount the common 
 glories won upon the battlefields of a common country, by 
 fraternal hands; and here around their graves, in the very 
 presence of the valiant dead, to say that we are still brothers, 
 in blood and in feelings. Kentucky has an interest in com- 
 mon with her sister States here assembled, in the glories 
 which fell upon our countrymen at the battles of Lake Erie, 
 Tippecanoe, Thames, Sandusky, King’s Mountain, Buena 
 Yista, and the other great battles in Mexico. All over the 
 North-west the bones of the soldiers of Kentucky lie buried 
 in the midst of our kindred and friends. 
 
 Kentucky can not give up the Union. We feel at home in 
 Ohio, Tennessee feels at home in Ohio. Kentucky and Ten- 
 
51 
 
 nessee had resolved to come and make Ohio a visit. We did 
 not know whether Ohio wanted to see us or not, but we knew 
 we wanted to see you; and when your Committee met us at 
 Louisville, we cordially accepted the invitation. And right 
 glad that we are here to-night to accept the unbounded hospi- 
 tality of our sister, Ohio. 
 
 Talk about a dissolution of the Union! There is no such 
 word in the Kentucky dictionary. Neither Kentucky, Ten- 
 nessee, Ohio, nor Indiana, alone, can save the Union. But 
 Kentucky, Tennessee, Ohio, and Indiana, united, can, and 
 will save the Union. We, sir, are the center, and we have 
 but to will it and the whole Union shall revolve in harmony 
 and order around us, obedient to our commands. New Eng- 
 land sometimes talks largely about taking this great govern- 
 ment into her hands, and carrying it on. Why, sir, Ohio can 
 put a large portion of New England into this State-house; 
 and Florida talks loudly of going out. Well, sir, she has 
 been a dear little State, and, as the Cincinnati Commercial 
 says, (that I suppose is good authority here), if the General 
 Government should stop hunting Indians there, Florida would 
 nearly go out of existence. When Capt. Ingraham, in the name 
 of the American Government, demanded Martin Kostza of 
 the Austrians, he manned his guns on both sides, sailed in 
 between two Austrian brigs, prepared, if his summons was 
 not obeyed in five minutes, to give each of them a destruc- 
 tive broadside. So, sir, we stand in the center of the Union,, 
 with wild fanaticism raging on each side ; let us give them 
 timely notice that if they do not strike their colors to the 
 Union, that each section of fanatics will receive a broadside 
 that will sink them to rise no more. 
 
 We have no hearts or arms for fraternal strife; but, sir, 
 we have millions of brave hearts and powerful arms, ready to 
 preserve this whole Union, and to protect and defend any 
 American citizen, of any section, from insult or aggression 
 from without. 
 
 Again, sir, in the name of Kentucky’s Representatives 
 
 UBRARY 
 
 UNIVERSITY OP II Ljnois 
 
52 
 
 here assembled, and of our citizens at home, I thank you for 
 this cordial welcome. 
 
 2. Tennessee. The iron of her mountains, the corn of her 
 valleys, and the cotton of her plains represent in their union 
 of interests the union of our people. 
 
 Lieut. Gov. Newman responded : 
 
 Ladies of Ohio, Kentucky and Tennessee — to you we owe 
 •our first duty; and, gentlemen of Ohio, we greet you. We are 
 here for a noble purpose. I am here as a Tennessee man, to 
 talk to you as I would talk in Tennessee. Kentucky, Ohio 
 and Tennessee were the first to enter the confederacy. Ten- 
 nessee is willing to take the Constitution as it is, without 
 crossing a t or dotting an i. Will Ohio do the same? (Cries 
 of yes, yes !) Tennessee will follow your legions under the 
 Constitution. Will Ohio and Kentucky do the same ? 
 
 3. Ohio to her Guests : Her Representatives in every de- 
 partment gladly welcome to her Capital the Representatives 
 of our sister States. 
 
 Gov. Denn son responded : 
 
 Fellow-citizens of Kentucky , Tennessee and Indiana : 
 
 What words of mine can add force to the welcome Ohio 
 has given you in her Capital to-day ? Our citizens who greeted 
 you this afternoon, and those who are here to-night, repre- 
 sentatives of the people in all parts of the State, testify to a 
 general sentiment of rejoicing in an opportunity of express- 
 ing good will to sister States of the Mississippi Valley. 
 
 Gentlemen, you can not mistake the tokens of friendly 
 spirit which met you at every point on your journey to this 
 city. They meant what this gathering in this hall means — 
 welcome, thrice welcome. 
 
 Ohio, true to the memory of her early settlers, knows no 
 traitor to the bond of union under which she is recognized as 
 
53 
 
 a sovereign State. Cherishing gratitude for the valor with 
 which the Pioneers of the West shared deprivations and perils, 
 the people of Ohio strike hands with the people of Indiana 
 and Kentucky and Tennessee. 
 
 I know I speak for the people who have entrusted me with 
 their Executive office, when I say that by the blood shed on 
 common fields of strife — by the spirit of a common literature — 
 by the obligations of reciprocal trade and commerce — by the 
 ties of personal respect and regard, which this occasion pro- 
 motes, Kentucky, Tennessee and Indiana have firm assurance 
 that in all her future, as in all her past history, Ohio will 
 maintain the Constitution, its compromises and its guarantees, 
 and give her strength — her whole strength — for the Union. 
 
 Believe me, gentlemen, the people of Ohio ask no peculiar 
 privileges under the Constitution. They cheerfully recognize 
 as belonging to their brethren all the rights they claim for 
 themselves. The exclusive right of the people of every State 
 to establish and maintain undisturbed their domestic institu- 
 tions, lies at the foundation of the national confederacy. With- 
 out its recognition there could have been no union of the 
 States. Without its continued recognition, as the basis of all 
 national legislation, and for the regulation of the intercourse 
 between the people of the States, in theory and in fact, there 
 can be no practical union of the States. The sovereignty of 
 the States in all matters not clearly delegated to the Federal 
 Government must be maintained. 
 
 I thank you, gentlemen, in the name of all the people of 
 Ohio, for the visit you have made to our Capital, and can not 
 doubt this pleasant occasion will prove the harbinger of a 
 continued mutual trust from which, through us and through 
 our successors, blessings of peace and prosperity will flow to 
 the Commonwealths we represent, and to the Confederacy, 
 which we are not less jealous to guard than proud to enjoy 
 
 4. The States of the Great Central 'Valley . In war their 
 blood has been mingled in the common defense; in peace their 
 blood flows in kindred veins; in war and peace, like the 
 
54 
 
 branches of their great rivers, they will unite their interests 
 and sympathies in a common current, whose course shall en- 
 dure forever. 
 
 Mr. Payne, of the Senate Tennessee, spoke : 
 
 Mr. Chairman , and Fellow -citizens of Ohio , 
 
 Indiana , Kentucky and Tennessee : 
 
 Although much exhausted by the fatigue incident to 
 this excursion, I can not refuse to answer the call that has 
 been made upon me to-night ; especially when I consider the 
 hospitality that has been extended to the State of which I am 
 in part a Representative. I told the people of Louisville, that 
 it was my peculiar wish to visit the Capital of the Buckeye 
 State ; that wish has been gratified, and I am proud to stand 
 this night upon Ohio ground, before its sovereign authority, 
 surrounded by its assembled freemen, with the same flag waiv- 
 ing over my head, that greets the eyes and cheers the hearts 
 of American citizens throughout this great confederacy of 
 States. 
 
 This is indeed a holy place, made so by the assemblage of 
 State sovereignties, animated by an ardent devotion to the 
 interests of a common country. 
 
 I, sir, am a southerner, with the warm impulses of a south- 
 ern heart. The South has been the home of my ancestors, as 
 I trust and believe it will continue to be of my most distant 
 posterity. 
 
 I love the South because of its contributions to the demands 
 of civil and religious liberty; I love it because of the great 
 and good men it has produced, and whose labors illustrate and 
 adorn the history of our country. But while I thus feel proud 
 of my own section, I rejoice that I can embrace this great 
 confederacy in the arms of patriotic affection, and that I 
 can glory above all things else in the title of “ American 
 citizen.” 
 
 I am not here to-night to raise a discussion upon disputed 
 questions. I will not abuse the hospitality of a friend by par- 
 taking of his good cheer and then quarrel with him at his own 
 
55 
 
 table. Points of difference I know exist among us, but we 
 will pass these by, hoping that the cultivation of good feeling 
 will lead to a final and satisfactory adjustment of every dan- 
 gerous question. Prejudices exist between different sections, 
 which threaten the stability of this once happy Union. I 
 would that I could be permitted to dig the grave for all such 
 dangerous feelings. I would dig it as deep as hell, and pile 
 mountains upon it. Would that we could see the era of good 
 feelings restored, and that each could rejoice in the happi- 
 ness and the prosperity of the other. Many of your people 
 of the north wildly denounce their southern brethren — unjust- 
 ly impugn their motives, misrepresent their actions, and would 
 drive them to the most dangerous excesses. On the other 
 side, there are those in the South who, having no faith in the 
 ultimate justice of the great masses of the people, look to 
 disunion as the only cure for the evils of the body politic. 
 These parties are arrayed in deadly hostility against each 
 other. But Kentucky and Tennessee, twin sisters in this 
 Union of States, will never agree that such extremists shall 
 fight their battles across their backs. No, never. 
 
 I am free to confess that I can not contemplate a dissolu- 
 tion of this Union, with any degree of patience ; nor can I 
 believe that the great body of American people will ever 
 sanction any course of policy that would lead to such a result. 
 
 I, sir, have not been able to fix upon a single State, that I 
 would be willing to give up ; there is not a star that I would 
 be willing to see stricken from our political galaxy. I once 
 thought that we of the South could well spare Massachusetts 
 (for of late years she has acted a most villainous part in Fed- 
 eral politics) ; but I recollected, that in common with many 
 others, I was myself the owner of a valuable interest in that 
 old Commonwealth ; an estate that has long been held in my 
 family ; to which I have an undisputed title, and can not 
 afford to lose it. I claim, sir, to be a part owner of Bunker 
 Hill ! That sacred spot received the blood first shed in the 
 cause of American freedom ; it is a holy place, to which the 
 eyes of all can turn with fondness and affection. It is an en- 
 
5G 
 
 during monument to the bravery and patriotism of our ances- 
 tors, and never can I willingly agree to see it become the ex- 
 clusive property of a particular section. Neither, sir, can I 
 agree to give up Pennsylvania, for within her limits yet stands 
 old Independence Hall ; where the Union of States was first 
 formed, and where the young Eagle of Liberty first plumed 
 its wings for its mid-heaven flight, and gave forth its loudest 
 notes of exultation. 
 
 But are you of the North — while sacrificing commerce and 
 trade with your brethern — are you , also, willing to tear asun- 
 der the thousand ties that bind you to the people of the sunny 
 South? Ha veyou no interest in perpetuating our common his- 
 tory ? Would you be willing to stand as strangers amidst the 
 shades of Mount Vernon, or feel yourself an alien while 
 kneeling at the tomb of our common Father? Would you 
 not feel humbled, with the passport of a foreigner in your 
 pocket, while making a pilgrimage to the ground once trod 
 by the Hero Statesman of Tennessee ; or in visiting in Ken- 
 tucky, by permission, the last resting place of the great Amer- 
 ican Commoner? Can you, can any one, be willing to surren- 
 der everything so dear to American hearts, and which belong 
 to us as a common family. 
 
 But how is harmony to be restored amongst us ? I answer 
 by following the example and teachings of the Father of his 
 Country, whose broad, comprehensive patriotism was not con- 
 fined by geographical boundaries, but who recognized the in- 
 terest of all sections ; was willing to render justice to all, and 
 spoke unkindly of none. Do you keep your people back in 
 the North, who declaim against the South, and we will an- 
 swer for the loyalty of ours. 
 
 It is often boasted in the North that you have eighteen mil- 
 lions of people, and the South only eight millions , and, there- 
 fore, numerically able to defeat us at the ballot-box. This is 
 all true, and in that respect the North may be called “big 
 brother” of the family — but is it brave, generous or manly 
 in that brother to be eternally treading on the toes of the 
 smaller one, or to be threatening him with a trial of his 
 
57 
 
 strength? Surely, he should act in a spirit of kindness, for- 
 bearance, and generosity, upon all questions that concern the 
 welfare of both. 
 
 The charge has been made that we of the South are in 
 favor of a congressional slave code — and that under it we 
 would force slavery into the ice bound territories of the 
 North — where slave labor we know would be altogether un- 
 profitable. Representing the largest slave-holding district 
 of Tennessee, I can assert for my constituents that they 
 would not give you a dime for all the slave codes that Con- 
 gress can enact from this until the day of judgment. Slavery 
 if let alone will most certainly be controlled by the laws of 
 climate and production, and where these are suited to it, it 
 will flourish without any congressional aid. 
 
 But, sir, if we can not live together in peace ; if this fabric 
 of American liberty, erected by the hands and consecrated 
 by the prayers of good and great men, must be destroyed; if 
 this Union, around which have clustered so many bright hopes 
 of the patriot, is to be dissolved, let us who do the deed per- 
 form it peaceably, and have one last assembly, as a common 
 family, before the consummation of the final act. Let the 
 Legislatures of the different States, accompanied by laborers 
 with necessary implements, meet together in the city of Wash- 
 ington, and tear down the magnificent Capitol which has been 
 erected from a common treasury; so that like the beautiful 
 Temple of the Holy City, there shall not remain one stone 
 upon another to tell where it stood. Let the palatial build- 
 ings reared for government offices ; let the unfinished “ shaft 
 that rises to the memory of him who was first in war, first in 
 peace, and first in the hearts of his countrymen,” share the 
 same fate, so that their moldering ruins shall not taunt our 
 posterity with the worthlessness of their ancestors. 
 
 But, sir, I have no fears for the safety of the Union. I 
 am for fighting the battle of the Constitution, within the 
 Union itself. No man has a right to expel me from the altars 
 of my country; he who attempts it, becomes himself a heretic, 
 and a traitor to his country. I am for appealing from the 
 
58 
 
 opinious of demagogues and fanatics, to the great masses of 
 the American people, whose hearts beat in the right place, 
 and who will not refuse to render equal and exact justice to 
 all. Rest assured, sir, that when the hour of trial comes, the 
 good men of all nations, will take charge of this important 
 question, and with their hands upon a Constitution of equal 
 rights, they will swear by the Great Eternal, that the “ Union 
 shall be preserved.” 
 
 But, sir, it is pleasing to reflect, in the midst of our troubles, 
 that the States of the Confederacy are becoming every day 
 more closely locked in the embraces of a common interest. The 
 first railroads were constructed in the extreme North, but the 
 energy and enterprise of the people have gradually constructed 
 a mighty net work that now wraps nearly every State within 
 its folds. These great arteries of trade, commerce and travel, 
 will also become, as I trust, the efficient agencies for dispel- 
 ling sectional prejudices, by bringing us into closer neighbor- 
 hood with each other, where we can appreciate the fact that 
 we are bretliern , belonging to the same family, and that we 
 have a common interest, a common country, and a common 
 destiny. 
 
 Permit me, Mr. Chairman, in the name of those whom I 
 humbly represent, to return m} r sincere thanks for the hospi- 
 tality with which the Legislative authorities of my State have 
 been greeted by the people of Ohio. Whatever fate may 
 await us in the future, this visit to your Capital will form one 
 of the most pleasing recollections of my life. 
 
 5. The Legislature of Kentucky. 
 
 L. W. Andrews, a Senator from Kentucky, being called 
 upon to respond to the foregoing sentiment, replied in sub- 
 stance as follows : 
 
 He esteemed it a very high honor to be called upon in such 
 an assemblage, and on such an occasion, to respond to a sen- 
 timent so full of compliment and of good will to his native 
 
State. He regretted that in the necessarily brief space of 
 time allowed him he could not say all that his own heart w T ould 
 prompt him to utter; but he trusted that at a Union Festival 
 of four great central States, it would be an announcement, as 
 agreeable as it was true , that in the Legislative History of 
 Kentucky, extending as it does over a period of more than 
 sixty years, there is not to be found one single enactment 
 looking to a secession, or in any way contemplating a disso- 
 lution of the Union of these States. She has invited no con- 
 ventions for any such purpose, and will attend none. No, 
 gentlemen, such thoughts have never been cherished by the 
 people of Kentucky, nor will she allow her Representatives, 
 for a day, to so falsify her patriotic devotion to the only form of 
 Government calculated to secure civil and religious liberty. 
 No, Mr. President, Kentucky claims no rights out of the 
 Union. Her rights are with the hearts of her people — all in and 
 for the Union, and allow* me to assure the Representatives of 
 Ohio, Tennessee and Indiana, that though the political power 
 of parties in Kentucky may change (as it has done recently), no 
 change of parties there implies any change in devotion to 
 the Union. The influence of the national Constitution kept 
 her true and when, without it, wild chaos and civil war v r ould 
 have desolated that good land. I feel satisfied, sir, that al- 
 though the administration of our State affairs has lately 
 passed into new hands, still Kentucky will be now as hereto- 
 fore faithful and true to the Constitution of the United States, 
 its compromises and compacts, and the fulfillments in good 
 faith of all laws rightfully enacted under it. With this she has 
 ever been content. More she does not demand, and we trust 
 that less will never be tendered to her Union-loving people. 
 
 And, Mr. President, while Kentucky was the first daughter 
 of the Federal Union, in this vast valley, she will be the last 
 to disturb its peace with unjust complaints. Let us not mar 
 our brotherly love and kindred interests by idle yet angry 
 discussions of questions about the moral property of which 
 we may not agree, but rather let us talk about the thousand 
 other questions upon which we can agree, and in which we 
 
GO 
 
 all glory. We are glad that we are here this day face to face. 
 We look into each others’ countenances, and we see there no 
 angry passions. We look like brothers. We are brothers. 
 The sentiments we have heard uttered this night by Ohio 
 people, legislators and politicians, are the same that we have 
 ever held ; all breathing fidelity to the Constitution, and love 
 to the American Union. Let us continue to think in this 
 way, it will not be long till the miserable pack who cry out for 
 disunion, will find themselves in a most lame and impotent 
 condition — subject to the jeers and scoffs of the wise and 
 good of all mankind. 
 
 6. The Legislature of Tennessee. 
 
 Mr. Speaker Whitthorne, of Tennessee, was called on to 
 respond to this sentiment. He made a speech, devoted 
 to the Constitution and the Union ; and closed by thank- 
 ing Ohio, in the name of Tennessee, for the glorious recep- 
 tion of to-day. 
 
 7. u Our Federal Union — It must be preserved.” 
 Ex-Governor Chase responded : 
 
 Mr. President , and Fellow Citizens : 
 
 Not far from the city of Nashville, on the southern shore 
 of the Cumberland, amid the pleasant scenes of the Hermit- 
 age, rises the modest monument which marks the final rest- 
 ing place of Andrew Jackson. 
 
 There, after noble service to his country in war and peace, 
 the patriot hero sleeps : but his lessons to his countrymen, 
 whether expressed in deeds or words, still live on the printed 
 page and in their hearts. 
 
 Among these lessons none ever met a heartier response 
 from the whole American people than the simple declaration 
 ■which has just been repeated: u Our Federal Union: It must 
 be preserved.” Far distant be the day when it shall meet a 
 response less decided or less unanimous. 
 
61 
 
 The sentiment itself, indeed, was but an echo to the utter- 
 ances of all patriotic hearts from the very beginning of the 
 struggle for Independence. The primal necessity of the 
 Revolution was Union. Without it, the Revolution itself, 
 though, in name, a success, would have been, in truth, a dis- 
 astrous failure. It was first and last among the aspirations 
 of Washington and his great compatriots; and the most 
 impressive among the final admonitions of the Father of his 
 Country are those which inculcate its priceless worth, and 
 exhort his countrymen to its perpetual maintenance. 
 
 It was fit that the first President from the new States should 
 emphatically reaffirm the judgment and purpose of the first 
 President from the old. 
 
 It is fit, also, when the Representatives of the three States 
 first organized in this great Central Valley, are gathered to- 
 gether as now, that this sentiment should be again affirmed 
 with emphasis and decision. As the rivers of these States 
 flow into one Ohio, bearing upon its bosom their common in- 
 terests of commerce, so should the affections of the dwellers 
 upon their shores flow together in one vast current of devo- 
 tion to the Union, laden with the precious freight of all their 
 destinies. 
 
 But, Mr. President, I must not enter on this large theme ; 
 the time does not permit, nor is it needful. The number of 
 those who, either at the South or at the North, really believe 
 that the time for the dissolution of this Union has already 
 come, is too small to excite alarm. And if there be others, 
 who suppose, that, in some future contingency, the destruc- 
 tion of the noblest political fabric ever reared by man may 
 become desirable, we may safely trust the logic of events for 
 the demonstration of their error. 
 
 For Ohio, at least, I may confidently speak. She has ever 
 been, and will ever remain loyal to the Union and the Con- 
 stitution. While yet in my earliest manhood I put on record 
 my conviction, “tiiat in all future, as in all past circumstances, 
 Ohio will cleave fast to the National Constitution and the 
 National Union, and that her growing energies will, on no 
 
62 
 
 occasion, be more willingly or powerfully put forth than in the 
 support and maintenance of both in unimpaired vigor and 
 strength.” That conviction remains unchanged. 
 
 Nor do I doubt, Mr. President, that the spirit and purpose 
 of Ohio is the spirit and purpose of all the States whose 
 worthy and honored Representatives we so gladly greet 
 here to night. 
 
 We will not surrender the proud title of American citizens. 
 We will not renounce our portion in the glories of the Impe- 
 rial Republic. We will not madly fling away the most blessed 
 boon of free institutions ever vouchsafed by Heaven to man. 
 We will not prepare for our children, instead of the noble 
 heritage of freedom, prosperity and peace which our fathers 
 transmitted to us, a detestable inheritance of despotism, 
 calamity and civil war. 
 
 No, no, a thousand times, no. We will compose whatever 
 differences have arisen or may arise, in the spirit of our 
 Fathers. Claiming, mutually, nothing that we think wrong, 
 we will concede, mutually, whatever we find to be just. Cher- 
 ishing, above all, with the constant ardor of Washington, “ a 
 cordial and immovable attachment” to the Federal Union, we 
 will resolve, with the inflexible determination of Jackson, 
 that, “IT MUST BE PRESERVED.” 
 
 8. The States: The maintenance of the rights of each, is 
 essential to the common welfare of all. 
 
 Judge Key of the Ohio Senate, responded : 
 
 The sentiment just read is the sentiment of the people of 
 Ohio — their love for the Constitution is strong, and their de- 
 termination to defend it against all attacks is fixed. They 
 will maintain and they will concede, in the spirit of justice 
 and of comity, every constitutional right. 
 
 Tennessee, Kentucky and Ohio — what power and influence 
 those united names express — power and influence sufficient 
 to secure the tranquillity of the whole country. 
 
63 
 
 Kentuckians — representatives from the soil where I was 
 born and bred; as a citizen of Ohio, I can truly say to you, 
 that she is attached to you by every bond of human interest, 
 and by every tie of human sympathy. Her people have not 
 forgotten, that in their early history, the bones of Kentucky 
 soldiers whitened every war-path in the State. 
 
 Gentlemen of Tennessee — The heart of Ohio beats strongly 
 and warmly toward your magnificent State. Its vast domain 
 lies between the two great interests of this land — the farm- 
 ing and the planting regions, and it combines the advantages 
 of both. Its fertile soil, happy climate, and fortunate lati- 
 tude, favor alike the culture of the corn-plant the cotton- 
 plant and the vine. Its mineral deposits are as superior in 
 character 6s they are great in extent. It possesses all the 
 means of self-support and self-defense. Its limits border 
 upon eight great States, and it is itself, at this time, the most 
 vital spot in our whole confederacy. Ohio fully recognizes 
 that the political history and present political condition of 
 Tennessee show that her councils have never been controlled 
 by selfishness or faction ; that they have always exhibited 
 regard for the rights and interests of the whole country — 
 and also that they have shown that lofty spirit of independ- 
 ence wdiich her varied scenery of plain and mountain is so 
 w r ell fitted to inspire. Ohio honors the glorious dead of Ten- 
 nessee; she rejoices in her glorious present ; she expects to 
 enjoy with her a glorious common future. We feel that our 
 love and faith in you, like your own stately and beautiful 
 capitol, is founded upon a rock. 
 
 9. The State of Indiana : We need only her Executive and 
 Legislature to make up the glorious quartette of State Rep- 
 resentatives this day so happily assembled. We know she 
 sympathizes with us in all the sentiments of patriotism and 
 love of Union which so deeply pervades our own hearts. 
 
 The Hon. Gordon Tanner was called upon to respond to 
 
64 
 
 this toast, but introduced Col. Maxwell, Mayor of Indi- 
 apolis, who said that : 
 
 He felt embarrassed to find himself in the presence of 
 General Assemblies and Governors. He did not expect to 
 make a speech and he was no orator, but whenever he heard 
 the Hoosier State mentioned he was always ready to speak 
 for her. He was born in the good old State of Kentucky, 
 and he cherished a filial feeling toward that noble State. He 
 pledged Indiana that she would unite with Ohio, Tennessee 
 and Kentucky in support of the Constitution and the Union. 
 
 10. The Memory of the Kentucky Defenders of the Soil 
 and Homes of Ohio, 
 
 Col. J. W. Crockett, of Kentucky, arose and spoke in 
 response : 
 
 Mr. President , Ladies and Gentlemen of 
 
 Ohio , Tennessee and Kentucky: 
 
 Thrice have allusions been made by preceding speakers, 
 in eloquent and burning language, to the noble sons of Ken- 
 tucky whose blood once crimsoned Ohio’s soil. What more 
 can I say than hath already been said ? Shall I point you to 
 their bones now bleaching upon' your fertile plains ? Look 
 upon those bones as they are bleaching upon your native 
 soil, and unless your souls be destitute of every honorable, 
 generous and patriotic emotion, you must feel more in eulogy 
 of those gallant sons of Kentucky, who shed their blood in 
 vindication of Ohio’s soil and honor, than words of mine can 
 express. Permit the association of ideas to carry your 
 minds back to the time when Kentuckians were called upon 
 to rescue the then Territory of Ohio from the desolation of 
 savage hordes ? You were then weak and we were strong. 
 An universal wail from Ohio reached the ears of Kentuck- 
 ians, imploring them for assistance to save you , your wives and 
 your children from all the horrors of savage warfare. When 
 
your cry for assistance was heard in Kentucky, her gallant 
 sons from every mountain-top and from every valley rushed 
 to your rescue, and shed their blood in your defense as freely 
 as they would have done in defense, of their own hearth- 
 stones. Why was this? Our forefathers knew no North, 
 South, East or West. We were then one common brother- 
 hood. Why shall we not still be so ? The same diversities 
 of climate and soil and geographical divisions then existed 
 as now exist. Patriotism, alone, actuated these noble men in 
 risking their lives in your defense. 
 
 My countrymen, we have fallen upon evil times. There 
 is no disguising the fact that the Union of these States, com- 
 prising the greatest confederated nation on earth, is en- 
 dangered. I am no alarmist ; and yet I am fully persuaded 
 that danger alike is to be found in false security and credu- 
 lous apprehension. The most casual observer of the signs 
 of the times must see the dark cloud of Treason, against the 
 Union, arising in the extreme South and North. It behooves 
 the great West to speak in thunder tones of indignation, re- 
 buking all extremists and factionists. Why should not the 
 great West he heard? She is the center of the Union geo- 
 graphically ; she is the great heart of the Union, whose life- 
 blood courses through every extremity ; she is the embodi- 
 ment of conservatism ; and in conservatism, alone, is the 
 salvation of the nation to be found. 
 
 Fellow-citizens, I have said that the Union of these States is> 
 imperiled. It becomes us, as practical statesmen, to inquire' 
 what is the cause? Every practical man will at once say that 
 it is the agitation of the slavery question. The time and the 
 occasion alike forbid me to say who or what party are respon- 
 sible for this agitation. The fact, however, is patent to' all,, 
 that it is this, and this alone that threatens a dissolution of 
 the Union. W e have heard to-night the voices of Tennes- 
 see, Ohio and Kentucky, each declaring that they are for the 
 preservation of the Union, and a strict adherence to the Con- 
 stitution of the United States with all of its compromises 
 and compacts. So far so good. But there is a great prae- 
 
G6 
 
 tical question behind all these patriotic declarations that can 
 not be ignored, and that is simply this : If we should differ 
 as to what are the compromises and compacts of the Consti- 
 tution, who is to decide the question of difference between 
 us ? I maintain that we are the only people upon earth who 
 live under a written Constitution, and that Constitution is the 
 paramount law of the land. The Constitution has its own 
 interpreter — that interpreter is the Supreme Court of the 
 United States. When different sections of the Union differ 
 as to their respective rights under the Constitution, the Su- 
 preme Court of the United States alone can decide, and when 
 their decision is once given every loyal citizen must submit. 
 Unless I be right in these views, our government is a rop eof 
 sand and not worth preserving. If we should differ as to 
 what has been adjudicated by the Supreme Court, my advice 
 would be to wait patiently until a case does arise in which 
 the Court will decide all questions of difference so explicitly 
 that there can be no two opinions in regard to it. 
 
 Fellow-citizens, there must, of necessity, be in all consti- 
 tutional governments a final arbiter of all disputes. He who 
 stands out in opposition to the opinion of that final arbiter is 
 in rebellion against the government. I mean what I say , 
 nothing more nor less . 
 
 It may be said the great practical question that I have 
 suggested remains yet unanswered. In response, I say it is pe- 
 culiarly a question for the Judiciary (and not for politicians), 
 and when the Judiciary once speak, politicians, as well as the 
 great mass of the people must, of necessity, submit. Upon 
 these great principles the Union can and will be preserved, 
 not otherwise. 
 
 It has been intimated here to-night that the South is weaker 
 than the North, and inferentially that she is afraid of the 
 North. For Kentucky I think I have the right to speak. 
 She is the land of my nativity, and in her bosom sleep the re- 
 mains of my ancestry, and for her I think I may safely say 
 she fears nothing but dishonor. Kentucky is fixed and un- 
 alterable in her devotion to the Union.; she is equally fixed 
 
67 
 
 and unalterable in her devotion to the Constitution of the 
 United States. She well knows that the Declaration of 
 Independence declared us free and independent ; that the 
 Constitution made us so, and that without a strict adherence 
 to all of the compromises and compacts of the latter, how- 
 ever free and independent nominally, she can never be free 
 and independent in fact and in truth. She exacts nothing 
 from her sister States except what the Constitution gives her; 
 she will yield nothing more. If the struggle must come 
 (which God forbid) she will be found battling for the Consti- 
 tution and the right until the last ; and if conquered, and her 
 sovereignty entombed, the Constitution will be her winding 
 sheet. 
 
 But why indulge in these evil forebodings ? I can not, I 
 will not believe the ties that now bind us together in one 
 brotherhood will be severed. We are of a common ancestry ; 
 we speak a common language ; the best blood of Kentucky 
 and of the South now flows through the veins of the people of 
 the North ; we are united in interest, in affinity and in des- 
 tiny, and must survive or perish together. 
 
 Our forefathers formed this government as it now exists. 
 They did not dream the work of their creation contained 
 within itself the seeds of its own dissolution. The domestic 
 institutions of the States were then what they are to-day ; 
 they dreamed not of an a irrepressible conflict” of one sec- 
 tion of the Union against the other. Shall we say they were 
 unwise and unpatriotic ? Shall we, the degenerate sons of 
 “ noble sires,” destroy the noble edifice reared by them ? 
 Let us imitate their patriotic example ; leave each sovereignty 
 to control its own internal affairs ; cultivate peace and good 
 will and fraternal feelings among each other, and all will be 
 well. The Union ! who would dissolve it ? How rich in its 
 associations of the past ! how grand in its present ! how 
 sublime in its future ! None but demons would destroy it. 
 
 The Constitution is the great u Magna Charta” of the 
 Union as well as our liberties ; by a strict adherence to which 
 the Union as well as ouy personal liberty will* be secured. 
 
68 
 
 May God, in his merciful providence, rebuke fanaticism and 
 stay its inroads North and South, and preserve the Union 
 until time shall be no more ! 
 
 11. Washington. The noblest patriot on the canvas of time. 
 \ 
 
 ITon. Columbus Delano, of Ohio, being called upon to 
 respond, said: 
 
 Mr. President and Felloiv- citizens : 
 
 On the banks of the Potomac, not far from the city of 
 Washington, in a quiet and secluded spot, near an eminence 
 overlooking one of the most beautiful rivers with which Provi- 
 dence has adorned the earth, rest the ashes of the Father of 
 his country — the immortal Washington. Truly his is the no- 
 blest portrait on the canvas of time. So many recollections, 
 full of wisdom and instruction, cluster around his name, that 
 it is difficult, in the brief time allotted me on this occasion, to 
 determine which may be referred to with the greatest profit 
 and instruction. He w T as at once the Moses and the Aaron, 
 who conducted the colonies through that sea of blood and fire 
 which terminated in independence : and then laying aside all 
 ambition, and rejecting all the honors freely proffered by a 
 confiding and affectionate people to a military chieftain, he 
 laid the foundation, by his pure patriotism, for this free Re- 
 public, with her glorious Constitution, and with her still more 
 glorious hopes. Among the richest legacies of wisdom which 
 this great man bequeathed to posterity, is that last will and 
 testament to the American people — his Farewell Address. 
 And if I were, on this occasion, to select the richest jewel 
 which is to be found in the cluster of noble sentiments and 
 wise admonitions, contained in this Address, I should say it 
 is that warning to posterity to frown with indignation upon 
 every attempt made to alienate one section of the confederacy 
 from the other. This seems a fit occasion to call to mind that 
 admonition. And will not the chosen Representatives of Ken- 
 tucky, Tennessee and Ohio, here present, renew the oath of 
 
69 
 
 fealty to the sentiment contained in this wise admonition, and 
 resolve anew to support and maintain it? How can this best 
 he done? May I not here venture some practical advice on 
 this important topic, without danger of giving offense to the 
 views of any ? I subscribe to the sentiments already expressed 
 here this evening, that this Union must and shall be preserved. 
 But how? Shall it be by force ? — by coercion? I answer, no. 
 There can be no American Union held in tact by the power 
 of the sword. The first drop of blood shed to coerce a Union 
 will be its overthrow and its dissolution. The American Union 
 must be based upon fraternity ; its cohesive power must be 
 mutual love, affection, good will and kindness ; and these sen- 
 timents must be cherished in every section of the Union, by 
 a strict regard and adherence to our common Constitution, in 
 all its provisions, compacts and compromises. How shall we 
 best secure a fulfillment by each member of the Confederacy 
 of this great duty? I regard this occasion as auspicious of 
 great results for the security of our Union. There is a moral 
 power in this assemblage. The social and official interchanges 
 of civilities and hospitalities, by the three great States of Ten- 
 nessee, Kentucky and Ohio, manifest a fraternity of feeling 
 which, if preserved, will secure the perpetuity of our institu- 
 tions. But, if the Representatives of the before mentioned 
 States will permit me, I will venture another word of practi- 
 cal advice. Be not content with mere words of devotion to 
 the Union. Manifest your regard for the great principles of 
 the Constitution by deeds — by acts of friendship. Let all 
 measures of offense and retaliation be rejected and condemned 
 by every suitable act of legislation, and by your regard for 
 the Constitution in all its parts, and your respect for the 
 rights of each other as independent sovereignties. 
 
 To guide you in the discharge of these great duties, you have 
 the light shed upon you by the illustrious wisdom reflected 
 by that great man whose name heads this sentiment to which 
 I am responding ; and others who, if not equally distinguished, 
 have a fame and a name high on the pedestal of our country’s 
 glory. And this leads me, Kentuckians, to say that I have 
 
70 
 
 an interest in your State which you have no right to take from 
 me. Ohio is one of the inheritors of the glory and the fame 
 of that great man, whose remains rest in the soil of Kentucky. 
 We have a common right with you to visit the sepulcher of 
 that illustrious and good man, Henry Clay, and there by the 
 influence of the memory of his deeds, to kindle anew the fire 
 of patriotism, which shall lead us on as American citizens, to 
 the performance of every duty and the fulfillment of every 
 obligation. 
 
 And you, Tennesseeans, have no right to the exclusive pro- 
 prietorship of the fame of the hero of New Orleans. His 
 great deeds were put forth in defense of our common country; 
 and we of Ohio are joint heirs with you in his great name ? 
 and claim the right to enjoy this estate with you in perpetuity. 
 Shall the day ever come when our joint ownership in these in- 
 heritances will be severed? when their memories shall cease to 
 be the common property of these United States ? I pray God 
 that my eyes may never behold the day when the flag of the 
 Union shall have ceased to wave over the tomb of Washing- 
 ton and the sepulchers of Clay and Jackson. If the three 
 States here, by their Representatives assembled, shall be faith- 
 ful to the trust committed to their charge, they have the power 
 to prevent the sad calamity to which I have alluded. Ten- 
 nessee, Kentucky and Ohio constitute the heart of this Union ; 
 they are the great Mediterranean of this Republic. They 
 possess a moral and physical power potent for good, and by 
 the manifestation and exhibition, in all suitable ways and on 
 all fit occasions, of those principles of charity and fraternity 
 to which I have alluded, they can allay strifes and correct mu- 
 tual misunderstandings, and thus preserve intact this great 
 Republic. So long as this great center and heart remain 
 sound, and beat truthfully to every vital principle of the Con- 
 stitution, this body politic shall live and be perpetual. 
 
 And, gentlemen, when you return to your respective halls 
 of legislation, see to it, that the sentiments of fidelity to the 
 Constitution and the emotions of friendship for each other, as 
 well as for all the States of this Confederacy, which you have 
 
71 
 
 manifested on this occasion, be not obliterated; and then the 
 recollections of this happy greeting will have an abiding and 
 wholesome influence, that will greatly tend to preserve peace 
 and maintain the integrity of our beloved country. 
 
 12. The Pioneers of Kentucky , Tennessee and Ohio — A 
 band of brothers, brave, honest and noble. May their de- 
 scendants emulate their virtues. 
 
 The response by the Hon. James Stokes, of Tennessee, 
 was so eloquent in its terms that we have to regret that 
 no report of it was made or can be obtained. It was a 
 most stirring appeal in behalf of the Union, declaring the 
 fidelity of Tennessee to the Constitution and to the Union 
 of the people in one common national brotherhood. 
 
 13. “Woman.” 
 
 Response by Hon. Curtiss F. Burnham, of the Ken- 
 tucky Legislature, who spoke as follows : 
 
 Mr. Chairman : 
 
 I might well be pardoned for a sense of embarrassment in 
 being asked to respond to the closing sentiment of the even- 
 ing, when so many gentlemen of great eminence have ad- 
 dressed you. Nor is that embarrassment diminished by the 
 sentiment of the toast itself. For in that single word woman, 
 what is not implied? Consecrated by the living eloquence 
 and poetry of all ages, the passion of the sculptor, the dream 
 of the artist, that name touches all that is most elevated and 
 ennobling in human nature, and implies that which has been 
 ever the inspiration to valor, to patriotism and renown. 
 
 My distant home, sir, is in a country, at the base of that 
 range of mountains, separating Kentucky from the parent 
 Commonwealth of Virginia, and uniting us in fraternal bonds 
 with our neighbors of Eastern Tennessee. That mountain 
 region has been not unaptly called the Switzerland of Amer- 
 
72 
 
 ica, on account of the steadfast devotion of the people to free- 
 dom and their homes. On the banks of that wild and beau- 
 tiful stream, which washes our northern border, still remain 
 traces of the first fort built by Boone and his companions, 
 more than three-fourths of a century ago. It is a part of the 
 recorded history which has been transmitted to us, that 
 throughout all the perils and sufferings of that age, while 
 their husbands, their brothers, and their sons, were engaged 
 in deadly conflicts with the savages, and laying thus for their 
 posterity the foundations of a noble Commonwealth, the 
 women too shared all their toils, braved all their danger. 
 Nurses of the sick, and consolers of the dying, they also 
 molded bullets for the rifles of their defenders, and realized 
 anew the spirit of those women of Sparta, who gave shields to 
 to their sons going to war, with the injunction “ return with 
 them, or on them” — a spirit moreover not inconsistent with 
 the gentlest Christian character, and the purest refinements 
 of feeling. Their descendants, proud of the memory of their 
 ancestors, cherished and maintained their virtues. Trained 
 in the school of those who think that the fireside and the 
 family Altar are emphatically the throne of female sovereignty, 
 they are at last the living divinity of our freedom, the sun 
 from which radiates every ray of enlightened public opinion. 
 They are, sir, all for the Union. The madness and fanaticism 
 of those who rave about the disunion of the States, and the 
 overthrow of the Republic, reach them not. 
 
 Theirs is the beautiful mission of reuniting those bands of 
 mutual fellowship, which none but demagogues, for selfish 
 ends, would undo. In our own age, acting cordially with 
 their sisters in other States, they have nobly illustrated their 
 patriotism by the successful effort to make national property 
 the home and grave of Washington. 
 
 ► Mr. Chairman — As I came from your great commercial 
 city, up the pleasant valley of the Miami, and witnessed at 
 all points, the demonstrations of hospitality and patriotic de- 
 votion on the part of the people of Ohio, I felt in all its force 
 the truth that yours and mine were a united people. But, 
 
73 
 
 sir, had it been otherwise, had I been traveling through your 
 State, unfriended and alone, I could not have felt that I v T as 
 in an enemy’s country. No, sir, God forbid ! Devoted with 
 my whole heart to the State of my birth, and expecting 
 whilst I live, to share her fate whatever that may be, I could 
 not forget the memories of my youth. Educated in one of 
 the beautiful cities of the far north, taught to revere the 
 memory of those illustrious men who, in every rank of life, 
 as soldiers and statesmen, as scholars and artists and invent- 
 ors, have enriched the pages of our history, it would have 
 been melancholy to feel that the time should come, when I 
 could claim no interest in their achievements and their fame ; 
 but, sir, more bitter still would have been my grief, to think 
 that the cherished companions of my boyhood, who bent with 
 me over the same textbooks, who played on the same green- 
 sward, who worshiped in the same chapel, and whose hands 
 in parting I had grasped with fraternal fondness, were to be 
 no longer my countrymen. 
 
 Mr. Chairman — Do we find our country as Armand Riche- 
 lieu found 'France; rent asunder, sloth in the mart, and 
 schism in the temple, and w^eek brawls, hastening to rebellion? 
 Let us recreate the country, and by his art — justice. Let 
 the people, at all events, of Indiana and Kentucky, of Ohio 
 and Tennessee, swear anew to stand by the Union as our 
 fathers formed it — to stand by the Constitution one and en- 
 tire, and before their united fronts, sectionalism and disunion, 
 whether at the North or South, will slink away dishonored 
 and disgraced; and, more than all, let us not be deaf to those 
 teachings of gentleness and truth, descending on us from our 
 home like light from the skies, and we may be assured the 
 end of the Republic is not yet — that the Gibbon who shall 
 chronicle its decline and fall is yet unborn. I offer in con- 
 clusion a toast, which I known the Kentuckians present will 
 drink from brimming glasses. 
 
 “The Ladies of Columbus. 1 
 
74 
 
 After the banquet, many repaired to the dining saloons 
 of the Neil House, and enjoyed a merry dance, and few 
 there were who slept at all. Nearly every room in the 
 three principal hotels of the city was occupied by jolly 
 parties, who appreciated the occasion too well to lose any 
 time. In short, the night was as musical as a thousand 
 hearty fellows could make it, in one way or another. 
 
 The following anecdote may be pardoned, as illustrating 
 the universal good humor and satisfaction of all who par- 
 ticipated in the occasion. Mr. Speaker Newman was ac- 
 companied by his body servant, a sprightly, saddle-colored 
 a boy” of about thirty, who was conscious of his dignity. 
 Ilis master, who was in the habit of jesting with him famil- 
 iarly, accosted him in the hall of the Neil House, just be- 
 fore the departure of our guests : “ Why, Jack, havn’t any 
 of the Abolitionists carried you off yet ?” “ Yah ! yah ! 
 
 Mass’ Newman (quoth Jack), when I seed you gwine down 
 the street, arm in arm with Gubner Dennison and Gubner 
 Chase, I tot you were gone, sure — yah ! yah !” 
 
 It is uncertain which is responsible for the story, Gov. 
 Dennison or Gov. Chase. 
 
 By eight o’clock, on the morning of the 27 th, the popu- 
 lation of Columbus had again turned out to greet their 
 guests, and bid them “ an affectionate adieu.” Military 
 and music were all-pervading. The Legislature met at the 
 above hour. 
 
 It was resolved by the House and Senate that the Gen- 
 eral Assembly would adjourn, in order to give the members 
 an opportunity to visit Cincinnati with the guests from 
 Kentucky, Tennessee and Indiana. 
 
 The procession, composed of the Governors, Legislators, 
 and other Representatives of the four States, was escorted 
 to the depot by the military. There a national salute was 
 
fired. Eighteen cars had been provided by the Superin- 
 tendent of the Little Miami, Xenia and Columbus Rail- 
 road, John B. Durand, Esq. They moved out of the 
 depot at half-past nine o’clock, amid the acclamations of 
 the multitude assembled, the strains of music and loud 
 salvos of artillery. 
 
 The scene was affecting beyond description. No pause- 
 was made until the fresh and beautiful town of Xenia was 
 reached — fifty-five miles — yet, at Jefferson, at London, at 
 Charleston, thriving villages on the route, the railroad 
 stations and the tracks were covered with dense masses of 
 the population. This part of the road lies through what 
 is known as the great ‘‘ Madison Plains ” of Ohio, one of 
 the finest grazing districts in the world, where are annu- 
 ally fattened for the eastern markets enormous herds of 
 cattle, in part bred upon the spot, but in greater part col- 
 lected and driven from Indiana and Illinois. The great 
 plains came in view only by glimpses, and the earth was 
 covered by a thin sheet of snow which had fallen on the 
 previous day, yet the beauty and fertility of the country 
 were apparent, and elicited many marks of admiration. 
 
 Shortly after leaving Columbus, the Cincinnati Commit- 
 tee of Reception, consisting of J. D. Jones, Esq., W. G. 
 Crippen, of the Citizens’ Committee ; and Messrs. Ross, 
 Marsh, Davis, Perry, of the City Council ; and Mr. John 
 D. Caldwell, of the Press, took charge of the guests. They 
 passed through the train, made a welcome speech in each 
 car, and distributed to each guest the following : 
 
 1. A Letter-sheet Programme of the Arrangements in 
 Cincinnati. 
 
 2. A beautiful Badge, on which was printed — “ Cincin- 
 nati’s welcome to Tennessee ” (or Kentucky or Ohio, 
 with the coat of arms of each State). 
 
76 
 
 3. A card securing a room at a hotel, with the following 
 upon it : “ Cincinnati to her Guests.” 
 
 The guests numbered about five hundred and fifty, and 
 included the Governor, State officers and Legislature of 
 Kentucky, State officers and Legislature of Tennessee, the 
 Governor, State officers and the Legislature of Ohio, the 
 Mayor and Council of Louisville, the Council of Colum- 
 bus, the Mayor and Council of Nashville, the Mayor and 
 other City officers of Indianapolis, and a State officer of 
 Indiana. Each Governor was accompanied by his staff. 
 
 Several military companies, which had participated in 
 the reception at Columbus, were in the train on their re- 
 turn home. Gov. Dennison issued an order commanding 
 them to escort the guests of the State to the city. 
 
 The happiest feeling prevailed on the cars. The guests 
 were in ecstacy over the generous treatment they had re- 
 ceived. About forty Tennessee and Kentucky ladies were 
 with the party, and they were lavish in their praise of Ohio 
 hospitality. 
 
 A second enthusiastic demonstration awaited the arri- 
 val of the train at Xenia, where thousands were again 
 collected at the large and convenient station to welcome 
 the visitors and give them a 66 God speed ” as they went 
 upon their way. The train could tarry here but a moment, 
 when it whirled off for Dayton — darting swiftly from the 
 valley of the Little Miami to that of the Great Miami, 
 and thus passing through one of the most beautiful and 
 fertile sections of country in the world. 
 
 At Dayton — an interior manufacturing city of some 
 twenty thousand population, and really one of the hand- 
 somest and wealthiest cities on the continent — a fine col- 
 lation and an immense crowd were found awaiting the ex- 
 cursionists. A generous lunch was spread, the great 
 
77 
 
 features being heaps of first-class sandwiches and pitchers 
 of the famous Dayton ale, which flowed like water, and 
 were held to be particularly refreshing. 
 
 The people of Dayton turned out largely. There was a 
 huge mass meeting at the depot, and the best of feeling 
 manifest. The people seemed decidedly pleased to see the 
 guests. Their pleasure was shown in their sparkling eyes, 
 and the hearty cheers which rolled up from multitudinous 
 throats. 
 
 Gov. Magoffin, of Kentucky, was called out. The peo- 
 ple were anxious to see the Chief Magistrate of the glori- 
 ous Commonwealth of Kentucky. The Governor was in 
 good spirits, and his words expressed the most apprecia- 
 tive thankfulness for the abounding hospitality showered 
 upon the representatives of his State, and the other 
 Southern sister, beautiful Tennessee. 
 
 After passing some fifteen minutes in exchanging con- 
 gratulations with the people, and partaking of the good 
 things spread before them, the party left Dayton amid 
 shouts of “ Hurrah for Dayton,” “ Hurrah for Ohio,” 
 “ Three cheers for Tennessee,” and “ Three cheers for 
 Kentucky ” — all of which were given with a will. 
 
 The train was now placed in charge of Mr. McLaren, 
 of the Cincinnati, Hamilton and Dayton Railroad. He 
 hitched on a powerful locomotive, that was magnificently 
 decorated with flags, evergreens and roses. The train 
 came whirling down the Great Miami valley, which widens 
 out into rich and inexhaustible plains, whereon may be 
 seen every year cornfields of a thousand acres each, and 
 the spacious and substantial habitations of as sturdy, and 
 thrifty, and intelligent a rural population as the country 
 contains. There was no more stopping till Cincinnati was 
 reached — a distance of more than sixty miles — yet all 
 
78 
 
 along the route the yeomanry were out in their strength, 
 to witness the flitting spectacle for the instant it was pass- 
 ing, and give the approbation of their presence to the feel- 
 ings of brotherhood and patriotism that had dictated the 
 invitation and the acceptance which brought together in 
 friendship the representatives of the first three States born 
 of the Union. At Hamilton — which, from its size and 
 historical associations, was entitled to a passing call — a 
 most gratifying demonstration was made ; but the ar- 
 rangements at Cincinnati for the afternoon and the eve- 
 ning, were such as to make it necessary for the train to 
 keep straight on, without opportunity to make any recog- 
 nition or return of the feeling that had brought many 
 thousands of people to the line of the road, with civic 
 gratulations, music and banners, and belching artillery. 
 
 The vail of snow which was spread between Columbus and 
 Dayton, vanished before reaching Hamilton, and the land- 
 scape lay before the eyes of the admiring guests unshrouded, 
 and, though unadorned with the glory of the spring, sum- 
 mer or autumn, it all seemed rich in promise. The soil of 
 Ohio will not want Southern advertising in any form other 
 than that which will be given it by her guests, who have 
 seen it with their own eyes, and been filled with its fruits. 
 
 They were much impressed with the excellence of con- 
 struction and perfection of management of the railroads 
 of Ohio. The great speed, and steady, smooth running of 
 the trains, gave those whose travels had not been extensive, 
 “a new sensation.” No citizen of Ohio, proud of his State, 
 had cause to be ashamed of her appearance. She was dis- 
 played to advantage. Her fine points came out strongly. 
 And no one could have asked a more generous and appre- 
 ciative spirit in regarding the evidences of our progress on 
 every hand, than that displayed by her guests. They felt 
 
79 
 
 that it was good for them to be in Ohio — and we are sure 
 it will do them good. The people all along the ellipse, 
 which was traveled, were in high and hospitable spirits. 
 Not only in the towns were there demonstrations of all hail 
 and welcome, but there were flags at the farm houses, and 
 the women and men of the country standing in their doors, 
 cheering on the train freighted with the Representative 
 men of three Sovereign Western States of the American 
 Confederacy. The whole people felt the patriot tone so 
 becoming and gracing — indeed, making the occasion ; and 
 at all the little towns there were crowds with banners, and 
 the incense of gunpowder arose. 
 
 Every preparation had been made by Mr. McLaren, the 
 Superintendent, to deliver his guests in Cincinnati in the 
 shortest possible time. The time table proposed that the 
 excursion train should leave Dayton at 12 noon, and reach 
 Cincinnati at 2 P. M., and fifteen minutes was allowed for 
 loss of time between Columbus and Dayton. It was 1 
 o’clock, however, before the train left Dayton, and it reached 
 Cincinnati shortly before 3 P. M. At Hamilton, Middle- 
 town, Glendale, Millcreek and other stations along the road, 
 the inhabitants turned out in full force, and greeted the 
 train on its passage with shouts and other demonstrations 
 of joy and welcome. Cannons were stationed at almost 
 every point, which announced the approach of the train, 
 and continued to boom forth until the train was out of sight 
 and hearing. 
 
 As the train neared Cincinnati, it slackened up some- 
 what in its speed, and the excursionists had a more deliber- 
 ate view, 
 
 “ O’er Mahketewa’s flowery marge,” 
 
 of the outer barriers of the Queen City. As it was dis- 
 cerned moving slowly around the curve, Capt. Cloon’s 
 
80 
 
 artillery and the bells of the city pealed forth a welcome. 
 The sun shone on the steeples and towers of the city with 
 a steady glow, lighting up the metropolis with a gleam of 
 welcome. The crowd at the depot was prodigious. It 
 seemed that the whole city had turned out. The train en- 
 tered the magnificent depot of the Great Miami Railroad 
 about 3 o’clock, P. M.; and here the scene beggars de- 
 scription. Sidewalks, upper story windows, housetops, om- 
 nibuses, hacks, every available nook, corner, or foot of earth, 
 were covered by those who had come to do honor to the 
 guests of Ohio — noiv the guests, not of public authorities, 
 but of the private citizens of Cincinnati. A hundred 
 thousand people, at least, were assembled in this part of 
 the city. Bells were ringing from all steeples, flags flout- 
 ing the air in every direction, music floating upon the winds, 
 and the fervent congratulations and loud huzzas of the 
 people almost deadening the constant roar of the artillery. 
 We never saw such a sight before — we never expect 
 to witness one like it again. God grant that no similar 
 occasion may give to such a sight, the significance that at- 
 taches to this. 
 
 On leaving the cars the guests of the city were met by 
 the Mayor, at the head of the Citizen’s Committees and the 
 City Council. The powerful Police, conspicuous for their 
 well drilled, elegant appearance, easily kept open the neces- 
 sary space until all were seated in carriages, when the pro- 
 cession moved up Sixth street, as follows : 
 
 [The military from abroad were received by Gen. Bates, 
 and at once assigned the post of honor in the procession. 
 The column was rapidly formed and proceeded in the fol- 
 lowing order :] 
 
81 
 
 THE PROCESSION. 
 
 Miles Greenwood — Grand Marshal; 
 
 Enoch T. Carson, Benj. Jenifer, C. J. W. Smith, 
 and J. Kiersted — Assistant Marshals ; 
 
 Major Gen’l W. H. Lytle and Staff; 
 
 Brig. General Bates. 
 
 Major Henry Kennett, Adjutant. 
 
 Washington Dragoons; 
 
 Brandt’s Cornet Band ; 
 
 Kentucky Bangers of Covington ; 
 
 Kentucky Cadets; 
 
 Lafayette (German) Guards ; 
 
 Bover Guards ; 
 
 Shields’ Guards ; 
 
 Sarsfield Guards ; 
 
 German Yagers ; 
 
 Guthrie Grays’ Artillery, 
 
 Two pieces, each drawn by four horses ; 
 
 Menter’s Cornet Band ; 
 
 Guthrie Grays, Companies A and B ; 
 
 Dayton Light Guards; 
 
 Springfield Light Guards; 
 
 Miami Light Guards, of Miamisburg; 
 
 Dayton Cornet Band; 
 
 Dayton Cadets ; 
 
 Highland Guards. 
 
 Following after was a gala car of the Adams Express 
 Company, drawn by six picked horses from their magnifi- 
 cent stud, hitched up in diamond fashion, and containing 
 the Liberty Band, who contributed ungrudgingly a full 
 share of inspiring strains to the general harmony. 
 
 GUESTS IN CARRIAGES IN THE FOLLOWING ORDER: 
 
 Foremost, and breast and breast, three carriages rolled 
 forward, and they constituted the principal focus of attrac- 
 G 
 
82 
 
 tion to the great concourse who loooked hpon the pageant. 
 The center vehicle was drawn by four fine gray horses, and 
 contained Governors Dennison, of Ohio, Magoffin, of Ken- 
 tucky, Newman, of Tennessee, and Mayor Bishop, of Cin- 
 cinnati. The carriages on either side, also drawn by splendid 
 specimens of horse-flesh to match, contained Lieut. Gov. 
 Porter, of Kentucky, Hon. David Meriwether, Speaker of 
 the House of Representatives of Kentucky, the Hon. R. 
 C. Parsons, Speaker of the Ohio House of Representatives, 
 T. C. Whitthorn, Speaker of the Tennessee House of Repre- 
 sentatives, R. C. Kirk, Lieut. Governor of Ohio. The hon- 
 ored guests of the city followed, in thirty-six carriages and 
 an almost interminable line of omnibuses, reaching over a 
 mile in length, and thus amid a jubilant outpouring and 
 boisterous welcome from the masses which lined the street, 
 the procession moved up Sixth to Mound, Mound to Sev- 
 enth, Seventh to Race, Race to Fourth, Fourth to the Opera 
 House. 
 
 When the procession turned into Fourth street, a scene 
 of grandeur greeted them. A thousand flags floated from 
 the splendid buildings of that magnificent thoroughfare. 
 Every window, every foot of available space was crowded 
 with people. The steps of the Post Office were crowded 
 by ladies and their attendants, and around in every direc- 
 tion were thousands of people. Such a mass of human 
 beings has seldom been brought together in honor of any 
 public occasion. It was a greeting, we are sure, so warmly 
 and heartily given, that it will hardly, if ever, be forgotten 
 by those who were the recipients. From Race to Walnut 
 it was a perfect sea of human heads, and the cheering as 
 the procession of carriages passed, was deafening and con- 
 tinuous. Such intense enthusiasm was rarely if ever wit- 
 nessed in Cincinnati before. Through the exertions of 
 
83 
 
 Capt, Wilson, Chief of Police, his assistants and the mili- 
 tary, a passage-way for the carriages was secured, and the 
 guests were soon seated in the Opera House. Here the 
 grand reception took place. This was all that the hosts 
 could have wished, or the guests have anticipated. The 
 immense building was thronged in every part, and the fra- 
 ternal enthusiasm knew no bounds. 
 
 The Hall was brilliantly illuminated ; its appearance was 
 dazzling to the eyes, and, viewed from the stage, was inde- 
 scribably beautiful. 
 
 At two o’clock, the ladies who held tickets to the Opera 
 House had been admitted, and before three o’clock, the 
 second circle was completely filled. This portion of the 
 audience waited patiently until four o’clock, when the in- 
 vited guests arrived and were ushered into the house, 
 headed by the Mayor and Committees escorting the Gov- 
 ernors and officers of the States of Kentucky, Tennessee, In- 
 diana and Ohio, Speakers of the Legislatures, who, with 
 the Hon. Bellamy Storer, Orator of the Hay, and numer- 
 ous judges and invited dignitaries, occupied the front of 
 the stage ; supported in the back ground by the Commit- 
 tee of Arrangements, the City Council and the numerous 
 representatives of the Press. The dress-circle and par- 
 quette of the Opera House had been reserved for, and oc^ 
 cupied exclusively by, the members of the three Legisla- 
 tures and other visitors. The first and second circles were 
 filled mainly by ladies, who were arrayed in their greatest 
 splendor. The passage way and gallery were densely 
 packed by the citizens of Cincinnati and strangers who had 
 visited the city for the purpose of witnessing the proceedi- 
 ngs. In a word, the Ohio Valley was fairly represented 
 on the occasion, not by the men alone, but also by the 
 ladies, and the appearance of the house before a word was 
 
84 
 
 spoken, was sufficient in itself to set in motion the patriotic 
 feelings of every heart, to reinspire confidence in the 
 strength of the Union, and to crush the hopes of those who 
 contemplate or desire a severance of the bonds that hold 
 together the States of this grand Confederacy. 
 
 At 4 1-2 o’clock, Mayor Bishop rose to introduce the 
 proceedings, whereupon the whole audience, inspired by the 
 patriotic feelings which seemed to pervade the vast assem- 
 bly, joined in an outburst of enthusiasm. The ladies rose 
 simultaneously, and greeted the guests by a waving of 
 handkerchiefs. The effect was thrilling. The guests rose 
 to their feet, and set up a cheer that made the splendid 
 •edifice ring. They cheered again and again. The scene 
 presented at this point can not be described. 
 
 MAYOR bishop’s WELCOME. 
 
 Fellow-citizens of Tennessee , Kentucky and Indiana : 
 
 The honor which you have conferred upon us in being here 
 to-day, is an event which has seldom, if ever, occurred in the 
 history of our country. You are here on a great occasion. 
 We have met together to take the hand each of the other 
 as a band of brothers ; and I have the honor, on this occa- 
 sion, to tender to you the hospitalities of our city, and bid you 
 a cordial and hearty welcome. I trust that the links of friend- 
 ship which are made here to-day, never will be broken. I 
 trust, also, that you will indulge me when I say that we con- 
 sider Cincinnati a great city. She is surrounded by one of 
 the most fertile countries on the globe. By her flows the 
 “ beautiful river” Ohio, whose tributaries are from the North, 
 the East and the South, and whose w T aters bear the products 
 of our commerce and manufactures throughout every portion 
 of the Great Mississippi Valley. The Executive officers of 
 four different States of the Union, with members of the Gen- 
 eral Assemblies, and other distinguished citizens of those 
 States, and the municipal officers of some four or five of the 
 
85 
 
 great commercial cities of the West are with us. We are, 
 therefore, prepared to say, that this is truly a great occasion* 
 We are pleased to see you here, and trust that while you 
 are in our midst, you will enjoy yourselves to the utmost 
 extent. I can say to you, in behalf of the corporate authori 
 ties and citizens of Cincinnati, that everything that can be done, 
 shall be done to make your visit a pleasant and agreeable one. 
 Gentlemen, again I bid you a hearty welcome to the Queen 
 City of the West. 
 
 Judge Storer, on behalf of the citizens of Cincinnati, 
 then welcomed the guests. 
 
 JUDGE STORER’s SPEECH. 
 
 Fellow-citizens of Tennessee, Kentucky, and Indiana, but 
 in a higher sense fellow-citizens of the American Union, I 
 welcome you, on behalf of the people of Cincinnati, to the 
 metropolis of the West, not as our city alone, for it is yours, 
 also. It is a portion of these confederated States, whose 
 soil is the common property of every American citizen ; 
 whose history is a common heritage, whose prosperity a 
 common blessing, and whose honor it is our sacred duty to 
 vindicate. 
 
 The spirit in which we proffer our welcome, is but the 
 manly impulse of hearts true to constitutional liberty, as it is 
 in sympathy with your own generous and fearless natures. 
 
 We claim no exclusive right to shine among the constella- 
 tions of our political firmament, but we do claim to receive 
 all our light and heat and regularity of movement from a 
 common source — the Union of the States. And while 
 traversing our pathway, we feel we can alone fulfill our mis- 
 sion when we obediently revolve around a common center, 
 and own its attraction. 
 
 If we should disown this great principle, or refuse alle- 
 giance to its ultimate authority, we are but the history of the 
 lost Pleiad rewritten, a star utterly extinguished, or wander- 
 ing desolate and unknown in the infinite of space. 
 
86 
 
 We welcome you to a city whose infancy as well as its 
 more advanced growth, is within the memory of those who 
 now hear us, exhibiting the marvelous advance that enter- 
 prise, skill, industry and integrity can make in social progress 
 in the brief period of her history. Our people are the archi- 
 tects of their own fortunes. They exhibit in their workshops, 
 their warehouses, as well as their professional pursuits, the 
 great truth that labor is the foundation of all permanent pros- 
 perity, as it is the great lever which moves the world. In 
 the development of the genius and intellect you see around 
 you, they have embodied their distinctive characteristics. 
 If they have shaped the rough material into a steam engine 
 or a locomotive, if they have constructed vessels which nav- 
 igate the ocean, and the countless steamers whose keels 
 divide the vast waters of the Mississippi Valley — if the artist 
 has chiseled the marble statue, or his pencil given the life- 
 like representation of nature upon canvas, if the solar ray 
 has been stolen to impress upon the polished plate a picture 
 true to its original, if their deep convictions are illustrated 
 in the church edifice, or the school-house, it is but the out- 
 working of the determined will to leave some evidence 
 behind them that they had not lived in vain ; that an end was 
 before them to accomplish, and they have dared to attempt, 
 at least, its highest fulfillment. 
 
 Amid so many exhibitions of human power, of so much 
 comfort in our social condition, so many kind congratula- 
 tions, it is painful to believe there are those who, in their 
 madness, or their folly, would dare to threaten the integrity 
 of the Union, whose ideal is the only vital feature in the 
 organization of the last Republic on earth; and this to gratify 
 a false ambition, or to consecrate an abstraction. Like the 
 strong man of old, they have lost their political vision, and 
 alike unfitted to instruct, as powerless to injure, they are 
 willing to destroy the Temple of constitutional liberty, 
 although they may perish in its ruins. It is sad to feel there 
 are such political parricides ; but it is our consolation to know 
 that the pillar will not be torn down, nor the foundation de- 
 
87 
 
 molished; and that the epitaph of the would-be destroyer, 
 be found in the wheel of Ixion or the vulture of Prometheus. 
 
 There can be, there will be, there must be, no dissolution 
 of the ties that bind us together. We have permitted too 
 long the threat to be enunciated without rebuke, and it now 
 becomes the people of the Union, not the politicians by trade, 
 although the expounders of the Constitution by courtesy, to 
 rise in their majesty and rebuke the treason. No matter who 
 is the traitor, North, South, East or West, he must be told 
 his u occupation is gone.” The drones in our political hives, 
 the men who live without employment, and yet profess to 
 live for the Union, must be told the country has no need of 
 their valuable services. Hitherto they have been purchased 
 at a high rate, but proved to be too dear at any price. 
 
 Our next duty is to leave with every State the exclusive 
 regulation of its own concerns, to make no invidious compar- 
 isons, express no unkind nor angry sentiment, to arrogate to 
 ourselves no exclusive privileges — to feel that we are united 
 in brotherhood, varying indeed in our physical condition as 
 States, in our climate, soil and productions ; varying also in 
 our temperament and our tastes, but when joined together, 
 compose a beautiful mosaic — beautiful not only in its varied 
 parts, but in the perfection of their harmonious adjustment. 
 
 There must be mutual concessions, as well as respect — no 
 empty gasconade of offensive aggression, much less any 
 direct effort to violate the code of a sister State. We must 
 regard both as the evidence of utter unfitness on the part of 
 the offender to understand the true principles of our Gov- 
 ernment. Yet there will be, in the conflict of opinion, neces- 
 sarily incident to our free institutions, much to regret; 
 discussion can not be prevented, and if it be conducted in a 
 manly spirit, and a proper regard to the rights of other 
 sovereignties, it will evoke truth, and strengthen the national 
 bond. 
 
 It is but the natural outgrowth of thought, and w r hen men 
 discuss questions with candor and honesty, a conflict of 
 opinion can not be foreclosed, for there is no danger Jrom its 
 
88 
 
 results. It is the glory of our free institutions, as enunci- 
 ated by Jefferson, that even “ error of opinion may be freely 
 permitted, when reason is left free to combat it.” 
 
 “ Our country is drawn by the steeds of the sky, 
 
 The long race of Empire to run; 
 
 May her coursers of light never scorch as they fly, 
 
 And our Age be the age of the Sun.” 
 
 I welcome you again in the name of the aged men and the 
 young men of our State, in the name of our wives and our 
 daughters. 
 
 [Here the speaker led a young lady to the respective 
 Governors of the different States, to each of whom she 
 presented a boquet of flowers, fresh and beautiful as her 
 own young life.] 
 
 “I present to you,” continued Judge Storer, “I present to 
 you, through her, these beautiful flowers, fresh, lovely and 
 blooming, amid the cold winter of this, our Northern region, 
 a type of what our country will be when she is nursed and 
 encouraged by the people of the whole nation. 
 
 My friends, the beautiful river which separates our State 
 from your two proud Commonwealths, is but an imaginary 
 line, a thread of silver — it is not a barrier, and never was in- 
 tended to be. Ohio and Kentucky are the offspring of a 
 common mother. The soil on which we stand was once a 
 part of Virginia, and Heaven forbid the children should ever 
 become ungrateful to the parent. Upon the soil of Ohio, 
 during the past sixty years, have been dug, and may still be 
 found the graves of some of the best and noblest men of our 
 sister States. 
 
 On every battle-field of the West, with George Rogers 
 Clark, with Harmar, St. Clair, Wayne, and Harrison, the 
 blood of your fathers has been mingled with that of our 
 own noble pioneers. To dare to feel that Ohio and Ken- 
 tucky and Tennessee are not one in heart and purpose, is but 
 to utter political blasphemy. 
 
 From the western slope of the Alleghanies, which bind in 
 
89 
 
 chains of granite so many proud States, from the Green 
 Mountains to the far South-west, gush the head springs of the 
 beautiful river which fertilizes the Ohio valley, receiving in 
 her onward flow to the Father of Waters, the tributary offer- 
 ings of New York, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Alabama, Vir- 
 ginia, Kentucky, Ohio, Tennessee, Indiana, and Illinois, sov- 
 ereign States which represent twenty millions of the Ameri- 
 can population ; and when mingled with that mighty torrent, 
 which rolls down the Mississippi Valley, blends at last with 
 the mysterious stream which washes our Southern border from 
 the Rio del Norte to the St. Croix, there meeting another 
 stream whose sources are in the inland seas that circle our 
 Northern frontier, whose waves have sparkled in the bow of 
 the Cataract, and have been borne on the majestic St. Law- 
 rence to the ocean — 
 
 “ Juncta in uno.’ 
 
 What God hath joined together let no man put asunder. 
 
 Who, then, Sir, will dare to calculate the value of this 
 Union? I believe it is the destiny of our country to live as 
 long as time shall live. I believe that He who holds the 
 world at His nod, and He who has permitted so many glorious 
 developments in the past, has before Him and us a great 
 future. God grant that in our day we shall hear no more of 
 dissention, or of sectional disunion, whether of the North or 
 of the South, of the East or of the West, and that, when- 
 ever we speak of our country, we shall utter the sentiment, 
 our whole country , Union and Liberty — one and inseparable . 
 
 Responses to the Mayor and Judge Storer were made 
 by Governor Magoffin, of Kentucky, Lieutenant Governor 
 Newman, of Tennessee, and Hon. Gordon Tanner, of In- 
 diana, closing with a brief word from Governor Dennison, 
 of Ohio. We give them in their order. 
 
 Governor Magoffin, of Kentucky, was introduced, and 
 received the most flattering demonstrations of a cordial 
 greeting. 
 
90 
 
 governor Magoffin's speech. 
 
 Mr. Mayor , Ladies and Gentlemen of Ohio : 
 
 Language is too feeble to express the deep emotion that I 
 feel in giving you an answer. (Voices, “ Louder!”) In re- 
 turning an answer to the Mayor of your city, and to you 
 through him, I have said that language is too feeble to ex- 
 press the sentiments that now crowd upon me. 
 
 This is indeed a grand spectacle, and I can give you, sir, 
 upon the part of Kentucky, after having expressed in my 
 own name, and in the name of the noble State I have the 
 honor to represent, the warmest thanks for the kind welcome 
 that you have given us — I have to say to you that I can extend 
 to you — Kentucky can extend to Ohio — Louisville extends 
 to Cincinnati, and Frankfort extends to Columbus — the peo- 
 ple of my native State extend to the people of Ohio, the 
 right hand of fellowship upon the great sentiment that has 
 brought us together, though unexpressed by the distinguished 
 gentlemen that have sat down, in favor of a deep devotion to 
 this Union. 
 
 Why should not Kentucky and Ohio be together in loyalty 
 to the Union ? They may honestly differ in regard to their 
 domestic institutions, but as to the Union, with devotion they 
 would be united. I cordially extend to the distinguished 
 gentlemen who have addressed us the right hand of fellowship 
 upon this one sentiment, a grand one, upon which our politi- 
 cal institutions depend, and that is the right of each State to 
 regulate for itself its own domestic institutions. Would you 
 not think it very strange if a Kentuckian should come over 
 here to dictate to you what was right as to your domestic in- 
 stitutions, and shall we not think it wrong if you shall at- 
 tempt to dictate to us ? The only way that we can get along 
 under the Constitution, is for everybody to mind his own 
 business. All I have to say in regard to this matter is, that 
 we can differ on this subject, but the outpouring of the people 
 here is a proof to me that the people in their might will set 
 things right. 
 
91 
 
 It is true that we expected a kind welcome from your known 
 hospitality, from your liberality, and from your noble spirit — 
 aye, indeed, from the knowledge of who were your ances- 
 tors — we knew that we would receive a cordial and becoming 
 welcome, but when we left home the sun having withdrawn 
 his beams, we little thought that all would be sunshine and 
 sunlight in the hearts of your people ; we little expected that 
 the whole road would be lined with the flags ; we did not ex- 
 pect to have a pathway to tread lined with roses ; little did 
 w*e expect to see the sun shine out in all its splendor. 
 
 The scene which I have witnessed reminds me that the 
 clouds of darkness which surrounded the light of truth and 
 patriotism will break out when occasion becomes more profit- 
 able. When I found our pathway bestrewed with roses, I in- 
 deed thought that significant signs were shown. I was just 
 thinking at the time of our reception that I did always be- 
 lieve in the virtue and intelligence of the people, but never 
 did I see such a sight as I have seen now ; my thoughts did 
 not realize such a spectacle. We have been gratified with 
 the shouts of the men, and with the smiles of the ladies. 
 Woman has given enchantment to the scene. It is true we 
 have heard music, and the firing of cannon; we have seen 
 banners flying, and we have had before us military displays ; 
 but these have not been the evidences of warlike preparation, 
 but the manifestations of regard. They have gratified us ; 
 they have touched our hearts. All these things show your 
 devotion to our Union, which we of Kentucky love. 
 
 Here some one in the audience made an inquiry of the 
 Governor, as to what were his political opinions. 
 
 You all know that I am a Democrat. Why, the Democrats, 
 gentlemen, can not agree among themselves about these mat- 
 ters that we disagree upon, and we have agreed (at least that 
 is our position), that we will not make this a test question in 
 the Democratic party. I know that we differ about this negro 
 question; but when we meet at the festive board, it shall be 
 
92 
 
 as brethren, ready, willing and able to sustain the Union, and 
 when we meet you on occasions of this kind, heart meets 
 heart on a common ground. 
 
 I did not know what I meant to say on this occasion, but 
 the gentleman who has just taken his seat, has put a thought 
 into my mind, and you must bear with me, for what I have to 
 say is in me, and I have to speak it out. While they are 
 cutting up their pranks at Washington, we feel none of the 
 loosening of fraternal ties as between Kentucky, Tennessee, 
 Indiana and^Ohio, and I think the best thing we can do is to 
 accept the invitation of Governor Morgan to go through 
 Pennsylvania, and down to Washington, and see why there 
 is nothing but disorganization there. The people have never 
 taken this thing in their own hands. 
 
 He proceeded to declare his conviction that the heart 
 of the masses was all right. Great applause followed this 
 declaration, and the Governor declared that if the value 
 of this Union was to be calculated, this people seemed to 
 understand it. 
 
 Enlarging upon this theme, and the significance of this 
 fraternization of States, he declared roundly that he no 
 longer had any fears as to the perpetuity of the Union. 
 
 The Governor here took a general view of the character 
 of our Government and institutions, and instituted com- 
 parisons between our institutions and those of other coun- 
 tries, striking the balance in our favor. Intelligence and 
 patriotism learned in the schools and at our mother’s knee 
 were our safeguards. The people protected the Govern- 
 ment that protected them. Merit here was the passport 
 to the high places of honor. 
 
 Yes, merit alone, under our glorious system of Government, 
 is the noble passport to the highest places within the gift of 
 the people, and this magnificent demonstration, from the hum 
 
93 
 
 blest to the highest classes of your patrotic citizens, is the 
 sublimest illustration of the fact that there is still intelligence 
 enough to fully appreciate the blessing we enjoy, as part free 
 and part slave States, and public virtue enough to protect 
 those institutions from any dangers that may threaten them 
 with destruction. When the beautiful child who was intro- 
 duced to me by Judge Storer, did my State the honor to pre- 
 sent me with the bouquet I hold in my hand — at once the 
 emblem of purity and innocence and love, and the type of 
 my country, I was reminded that in illustration of that coun- 
 try, there it stood with the broad shield of the Constitution 
 over it, and when it retired to rest and received the prayer 
 and the pure kiss of its devoted mother, she could feel that 
 weak, pure, innocent, beautiful as it was, its slumbers would 
 be undisturbed. That then it would sleep secure from a ty- 
 rant’s grasp — and that there it was guarded by a nation’s 
 honor and a nation’s arm. Our people know how to value 
 such institutions as those under which we live, and now that 
 we believe them to be in danger, we should take counsel to- 
 gether for their preservation. Some persons may think it in 
 bad taste, upon an occasion like this, to introduce the sub- 
 ject of politics. I think otherwise, and have made up my 
 mind to be censured. If we did not come to see you upon a 
 political mission as well as socially, I have mistaken the ob- 
 ject of our visit. Looking the danger in the face, I shall ex- 
 press to you frankly my opinions ; but I shall do it in all 
 kindness, hoping to hear yours in the same spirit. We have 
 heard this Union is in danger ; we see and hear nothing but 
 criminations and recriminations in Congress, and out of it — 
 from the pulpit and the press representing the free and the 
 slave States. Congress is disorganized, the social and politi- 
 cal ties that bind us together as a people are every day being 
 sundered, and the two sections of the country are every hour 
 drifting wider and wider apart. Let us talk to each other 
 plainly about the causes of the alienation. We come as 
 brethren devoted to a continuance of the Union, to have an 
 understanding, and to stand by it in the future. We of the 
 
94 
 
 South stand by the Union under the compact of the Constitu- 
 tion; so say you of the North, but the controversy grows out 
 of a difference in the interpretation of that Constitution. 
 There lie the dangers which threaten us. We tell you plainly 
 we ask nothing we would not concede. We want all our 
 rights guaranteed to us under the Constitution; you shall 
 have yours. We stand by the equality of the citizen, and 
 the rights of the citizen — the equality of the States, and the 
 rights of the States. We would make no discrimination in 
 legislating either for or against any kind of property recog- 
 nized as such by the Constitution of the United States. We 
 believe in the right of the people to manage their domestic 
 affairs to suit themselves, and are willing to leave the whole 
 matter to them without interference. We stand by the pres- 
 ent settlement of the slavery question, leaving it where it is 
 under the laws of the Constitution and the Courts; and be- 
 lieving the laws adequate, we ask for their faithful execution. 
 We would speak to you in all kindness, as friends, as brethren, 
 linked together by kindred ties, by identity of interest, by 
 daily association, by a common parentage, by all the cherished 
 memories of the past, by all the progress of the present, and 
 by all the glorious hopes of the future, by everything that 
 should bind us indissolubly together as one family into this 
 mighty nation — we make our earnest appeal. We will hear 
 you in the same spirit, with the same fraternal regard, and if 
 we can not agree, in God’s name, and in the name of the 
 country, let us dismiss the dangerous discussion of the ques- 
 tion from our counsels forever. It produces only strife, dis- 
 cord, bitterness, sectional feeling and sectional parties among 
 a people who ought to love each other. Let us act in this 
 matter like the devoted members of an affectionate family, 
 where honest differences of opinion arise, which threaten its 
 peace and harmony. Let us dismiss the disagreeable subject 
 altogether, and we can live in the present and in the future 
 as we have lived in the past — free, prosperous and happy in 
 our common brotherhood. Dismiss it from our fireside con- 
 versations, from our legislative halls Jn the States, from the 
 
95 
 
 pulpit, from the press, from the halls of congress. It mingles 
 in all our discussions, and interferes with all the business and 
 social relations of our people. Let us discard it forever — 
 keep it localized , and leave it to the people, as new States 
 come into the Union, to say whether they will or will not 
 have slavery among them. If there is any better mode of 
 adjustment, I would like to hear it. Give all a fair chance. 
 Would you in the spirit of justice deprive any part of the 
 people from an equal participation in its comforts, either in 
 the Territories or the States ? Are not those Territories our 
 common property, under a common Constitution, and our 
 whole people entitled to the same privileges in them? Would 
 you exclude a part of our people from their settlement? 
 Would you give them institutions the don’t want? Would 
 you enact laws for them which they declare they will not 
 have ? You can not force upon a free and enlightened peo- 
 ple, in such a government as ours, laws they do not want ; 
 if you could pass them, you could not execute them. 
 
 In conclusion, I beg leave to say that coming as this noble 
 welcome does, from a city so renowned for its industrial pur- 
 suits, for its extensive manufacturing establishments, for its 
 arts and its beautiful public and private buildings, for the en- 
 lightened spirit of its enterprising citizens, for its wonderful 
 progress in all that can make great a free and happy people, 
 it is doubly gratifying to us. Again, for myself and the proud 
 old Commonwealth I have the honor to represent, I return to 
 you, and through you, to the people of Cincinnati, our pro- 
 foundest acknowledgments for the cordial and princely wel- 
 come you have been pleased to give us. 
 
 Governor Magoffin was followed immediately by Mr. 
 Speaker Newman, of the Senate of Tennessee, 
 
 speaker newman’s response: 
 
 Tennessee first presents her thanks to the Ladies of Ohio, 
 for their most cordial greeting. She then returns her thanks 
 to the Mayor, Citizens and Common Council of Cincinnati, for 
 
96 
 
 their very kind invitation to visit and partake of the hospitali- 
 ties of the Queen City of the West. Then she returns her 
 thanks to the people of Ohio for the welcome they have given 
 her upon this occasion. We come from the South to meet 
 around a common board to swear our eternal devotion to the 
 Constitution of our common country, and that with the women 
 of Ohio — God bless them — and with men willing to swear with 
 us to maintain it. It was the Declaration of Independence 
 that first made us glorious. It was not the Union, but the 
 Constitution and the Union that made us independent, indeed. 
 To this Constitution and this Union, under this Constitution, 
 with all its compacts, compromises, guarantees and laws made 
 under it, Tennessee is willing to abide — both now, henceforth 
 and forever. Does Ohio greet Tennessee and join her in the 
 same sentiment? [Enthusiastic cries of “She does! She 
 does !” and great cheering.] If she does, in the name of the 
 women, in the name of the men, in the name of the soldiery 
 of Tennessee, we thank you all, men, women and children, 
 and the ties that bind us shall not be broken ; for to these 
 sentiments we should all pledge our lives, our fortunes and 
 our sacred honor. 
 
 In the name of Tennessee, allow me to return to the peo- 
 ple of Cincinnati and the people of Ohio, the sincere thanks 
 of the Representatives, and through them of the people of 
 Tennessee, for your open-handed and cordial welcome and 
 most generous hospitality. I thank you all. 
 
 The address of Mr. Newman was delivered with great 
 earnestness and wonderful effect. When he ceased, the 
 vast audience, as one man, arose to their feet, three cheers 
 were proposed by a member of the Ohio Legislature, who 
 sat in the parquet te for Kentucky and Tennessee. They, 
 having been given, a round was heartily given for the State 
 of Ohio. 
 
 Mr. Tanner, one of the State officers of Indiana, next 
 addressed the meeting in the following speech : 
 
GORDON TANNER’S SPEECH. 
 
 Mr. Mayor and Citizens of Cincinnati: On behalf of the 
 Governor and the people of the State of Indiana, I return to 
 you and to the great Municipal Government over which you 
 preside, and through you to the generous and patriotic citi- 
 zens of Cincinnati, our cordial and hearty thanks for the 
 splendid reception and the open-handed hospitality with which 
 we are greeted. 
 
 And on behalf of every citizen of Indiana, from the Lake 
 to the Ohio, from the Miami to the Wabash — on behalf of the 
 whole people of our State, the humblest of her citizens may 
 express gratitude for and thankfulness to the Divine Provi- 
 dence which has brought together, in peace and harmony, the 
 contending brethren of sister Republics. Indiana responds, 
 throughout all her borders, to each and every expression of 
 patriotism and devotion to the Union, which has been uttered 
 by the eloquent and honored Representatives of her elder and 
 greater sisters. Thank God! Indiana needs no panegyric. 
 Not one word need be said of her devotion to the union of 
 these States. Her past history speaks for her. There is not 
 this day one disunionist, one secessionist within her bounda- 
 ries. & 
 
 There is not a battalion of drilled soldiery in the North' 
 ■west that could prevent the conservative masses of Indiana 
 from hanging a professed disunionist on the nearest tree. She 
 has been, in some sort, a silent member. She has been the 
 Cinderella of a more brilliant and a more favored sisterhood. 
 What influences have brought a great and powerful State to 
 this position, I do not propose to point out. But from this 
 time forth she intends that her voice shall be heard and her 
 power felt in determining the destinies of this Republic. The 
 time for action has come. 
 
 We have among us those who can move the people by their 
 eloquence. We have among us those who have fought more 
 wordy battles for the Union, against more fearful odds, than 
 have been fought by the citizens of any State of the Con- 
 
98 
 
 federacy. But we are tired talking about disunion. We are 
 ready for the “ overt act.” We are ready to pledge our 
 wealth, our intellect, our muscle and our honor to the people 
 of the Mississippi Valley, to “ crush out treason wherever it 
 may rear its head.” 
 
 The Mayor then presented Gov. Dennison, who said : 
 
 governor Dennison’s speech. 
 
 What can Ohio say that has not been said to-day ? What 
 welcome can be given to our gallant friends of Kentucky, 
 Tennessee and Indiana, that has not been given by the dis- 
 tinguished gentlemen that have preceded me? Sir, I recipro- 
 cate all the sentiments of good will so eloquently expressed, 
 and in behalf of the people of Ohio, I say to the people of 
 Kentucky and Tennessee and Indiana, that we will stand up- 
 idght always in support of the Constitution, and each and all 
 of its compromises. I say to them that, let the harsh notes of 
 disunion be sounded where they may, they shall never be 
 heard within the limits of Ohio. I say to them that the affec- 
 tions of the people of this State are not circumscribed by 
 geographical limits. God forbid they ever should be. God 
 forbid the day shall ever come when the citizens of Ohio 
 may not greet as of a political brotherhood him that comes 
 from the land of Clay, the land of Jackson and the land of 
 Tipton! No, sir! treason against the Union, and treason 
 against the Constitution may be hatched, but the mighty peo- 
 ple will root it out, and he who will seek to put the torch to 
 the temple of our constitutional liberty will be striken down 
 by the virtue and patriotism of the masses of the country. 
 
 Differences may exist between the people of the Northern 
 and the Southern States in respect to this question or that 
 question — differences have existed, and they may yet exist, 
 but those differences have been adjusted within the limits of 
 the Union and by the powers of the Constitution, and I say 
 to our friends of Kentucky and of Tennessee and of Indiana 
 .that whatever differences now exist or which may hereafter 
 
99 
 
 exist, shall be adjusted within the limits and by the power of 
 the Union and the Constitution. 
 
 My fellow-citizens, I am admonished that the time has ar- 
 rived when this great and gorgeous temple will be needed for 
 other purposes. I will, therefore, detain you only to say for 
 the people, "whose Executive I have the honor to be, we will 
 stand with you, shoulder to shoulder, in defense of the Con- 
 stitution, its compromises and its guarantees, and that you 
 will ever find us ready, with open hands and warm hearts, to 
 receive you as brethren in this great and glorious Union. 
 
 The announcement being made that the exercises had 
 closed, the immense crowd slowly dispersed. 
 
 Loud and prolonged cheering followed this brief and 
 hearty address. The audience were then dismissed. The 
 guests were escorted to carriages and promptly conveyed to 
 the hotels which had been assigned them, as follows: 
 Burnet House, Tennessee ; Spencer House, Kentucky ; 
 Broadway and Gibson, Ohio ; Madison and Walnut Street 
 House, Indiana and Municipal bodies. 
 
 We can not close without noticing a most significant in- 
 dication on this great occasion, the effect upon the thous- 
 ands inside of the hall, when the band, suddenly changing 
 its tuile, struck up in double quick time our most familiar 
 national air — Yankee Doodle. The “Key note of the 
 Union” was fairly struck, and whoever witnessed the effect, 
 must have gone awny a wiser and better man. 
 
 Business was pretty generally suspended during the day. 
 The principal thoroughfares early in the morning gave 
 unmistakable evidences of the approach of some unusual 
 event. Many of the most prominent buildings were hand- 
 somely decorated with evergreen wreaths ; fifty thousand 
 flags were fluttering in the crisp, wintry breeze, from as 
 many windows ; men in martial array were seen hurrying 
 
100 
 
 to and fro ; the national colors were flying from the roof of 
 every railroad car, omnibus and carriage, and the head of 
 every horse in the city ; streamers, on which were inscribed 
 patriotic sentiments and words of welcome, were stretched 
 from house to house ; and, as the forenoon wore away, the 
 principal avenues were crowded with thousands of people, 
 wearing their best attire and most cheerful smiles. 
 
 Among the numbers of buildings that were handsomely 
 decorated for the occasion, we have only space to mention 
 a few of the most prominent. 
 
 The Enquirer office made a very good display. Like- 
 nesses of Jackson and Clay were exhibited above the fifth 
 story, flags were fluttering from all the windows, and a 
 large flag, bearing the following inscription, stretched across 
 the street to the Custom House : 
 
 f'""' ’ X f 
 
 y 
 
 V LIBERTY AND UNION, NOW AND FOREVER, ONE 
 
 X AND INSEPARABLE. X 
 
 v WELCOME, KENTUCKY AND TENNESSEE ! $ 
 
 X ^ ^ X 
 
 Shillito’s magnificent dry-goods house, Mitchell & Ram- 
 melsberg’s furniture ware-rooms, the Postoffice Building, 
 the Opera House, Church’s Music store, the Spencer House, 
 the Times office, the Burnet, Gibson, Madison, United 
 States, and Walnut-street Houses, the Broadway Hotel, 
 and indeed nearly every building on Pearl, Main, Walnut, 
 Vine, Second, Third, Fourth and Fifth streets, were all 
 decorated in a manner deserving more than a passing 
 notice. 
 
 Suire, Eckstein & Co., displayed from each window of 
 their large building, small flags with a figure in front, 
 
101 
 
 representing “ The Goddess of Liberty.” Innumerable 
 flags were also floating from the windows of the Gazette 
 office, as also from almost every other window on the square. 
 At Fifth and Vine, on the building occupied by Reilly & 
 Woods, was a large banner, with the words : 
 
 “ WE WELCOME YOU.” 
 
 On Fourth street, east and west, the same magnificent 
 scene of flying colors was discernable. The Opera was 
 almost concealed from view, and opposite, suspended in the 
 air, was a full length portrait of Washington, with the in- 
 scription beneath, of “ Virtue and Patriotism.” Still fur- 
 ther west and east were the emblems of patriotism, and on 
 this occasion, of hospitality, flying from every window and 
 house top. 
 
 The Carlisle building, corner of Fourth and Walnut, was 
 the most neatly decorated of any in the city. From the 
 windows of either story wreaths of evergreens drooped in 
 beautiful folds, while flags were appropriately interspersed. 
 
 So we might mention almost every portion of the city. 
 On Pearl street, Second street, Walnut and Main, scarcely 
 anything but stars and stripes were to be seen. The Com- 
 mercial office, corner Third and Sycamore, had its ’76’ 
 flapping its folds in the breeze, while to the East, on Third 
 street, the American and Adams’ Express Offices were very 
 beautifully and expressively decorated. The Adams’ Ex- 
 press Company had a huge silk banner, with the following 
 mottoes : 
 
 “ Kentucky, Ohio and Tennessee — A Trinity of States 
 
 WHOSE UNITY IS GUARANTEED BY THE MEMORY OF 
 
 Clay, Harrison and Jackson.” 
 
 On the reverse side was the following sentiment : 
 
102 
 
 “Union, Prosperity and Happiness — the heritage be- 
 queathed by the Father of his Country.” 
 
 “ Esto Perpetua.” 
 
 In the evening a great number of buildings were beau- 
 tifully illuminated. At Fourth and Vine the scene was 
 grand. Lights flashed from every pane of the Custom House, 
 of Shillito’s splendid store, and other establishments in 
 that vicinity. The streets were filled with people, fire- 
 works were discharged, and everybody appeared joyous. 
 The city’s badges admitted guests to the theaters and all 
 other places of amusement, and wherever a considerable 
 party of them appeared, they were greeted with applause. 
 The stores were thrown open to them, and wherever they 
 went they were generally received and fraternally waited 
 upon. Our citizens acted the host. Every man, woman 
 and child seemed to take pleasure in adding to the enjoy- 
 ment of the guests. 
 
 the banquet. 
 
 The grand climacteric transpired in the Banqueting Hall 
 of the Burnet House on Friday evening. 
 
 At eight o’clock the vast multitude thronged the vesti- 
 bule, corridors and reception rooms of the great Hotel. The 
 scene was most striking, principally, of course, from the 
 representative character of the distinguished guests pres- 
 ent, but also from the tout ensemble of a thousand people 
 gathered in one assembly, all animated by one impulse. 
 
 The Banqueting Hall had been prepared to seat eight 
 hundred and forty-seven guests, but not less than one 
 thousand persons partook of the plenteous feast spread on 
 the groaning tables. At the farther end of the Hall a long 
 table was arranged at right angles with six running the 
 
103 
 
 length of the room, and at this table were seated his honor, 
 Mayor Bishop, with Gov. Dennison, of Ohio, Gov. Magof- 
 fin, of Kentucky, on his right ; and on his left, Lieut. Gov. 
 Newman, of Tennessee, Hon. Mr. Tanner, of Indiana, with 
 the Speakers of the three Legislatures. 
 
 Soon after eight o’clock, the Committee of Arrange- 
 ments summoned the delegations from Kentucky, Tennes- 
 see and Ohio to assemble in the Ladies’ Parlor, and thence, 
 all intermingled, and headed by the distinguished dignita- 
 ries above mentioned, and amid the thrilling strains of 
 Menter’s Band, they were marshaled into the Banquet 
 Hall, and the whole company were speedily engaged in 
 assuaging the fatigues and exciting scenes of the day amid 
 the viands and abounding, foaming goblets of Ohio wines. 
 
 The room was handsomely decorated. From each cor- 
 ner there hung in graceful folds, tri-colored streamers that 
 converged in the center of the ceiling, and supported a 
 massive shield, on which was traced the national coat of 
 arms. Around the walls, pendant in pretty festoons, were 
 the same harmonious and patriotic colors, behind each of 
 whose modest folds were peeping little flags, representing 
 the thirty-three Sovereign States. At the north end of 
 the hall were three full length portraits — Washington, Clay 
 and Jackson — fittingly draped with flags and evergreens ; 
 and there was perched over the portrait of the first, an 
 eagle, that seemed as he glaced from his eyrie, to patronize 
 the confraternity of the three sister Commonwealths. At the 
 south end of the room, the wall was devoted to the follow- 
 ing inscription : 
 
 “ THE STATES OF THE UNION. 
 
 DISTINCT AS THE BILLOWS, ONE AS THE SEA. 
 CINCINNATI WELCOMES THE REPRESENTATIVES OF THE LAND OF 
 CLAY AND JACKSON.” 
 
104 
 
 The tables were loaded with viands both of a delicate 
 and substantial variety. The bill of fare, given below, is 
 illustrative of the nice detail. On the back and as a kind 
 of frontispiece to the tempting morceanx of the inner sheets, 
 were the sovereign shields of Tennessee, Kentucky and 
 and Ohio, encircled with filagree work in gold. 
 
 BILL OF FARE. 
 
 Soups. — Mock Turtle Soup, Oyster Soup. 
 
 Fish. — Baked Bass, Baked Pike, Fresh Cod, Lobster Sauce. 
 
 Oysters. — Fried Oysters, Oysterfc in Jelly, Oysters with fine Herbs, Broiled 
 Oysters, Oysters in Paper Cases, Stewed Oysters, Escaloped Oysters, Oysters 
 Baked in Shells, Oysters in Mayonaise, Oyster Pie, Pickled Oysters, Raw 
 Oysters. 
 
 Oold Ornamental Dishes. — Chicken Salad, Decorated; Decorated Ham, 
 with Jelly ; Russian Salad, on a Pedestal; Aspic of Oysters, a l’Allemande; 
 Veal Pie, French Fashion; Boned Turkey, en Bellevue; Bartilon of Game, 
 modern style; Mayonaise of Lobster, Parisienne style. 
 
 Side Dishes. — Larded Sweetbreads, with Mushrooms; Pies Garnished, a la 
 Finnancier; Fricasseed Chickens, a la Chevalier; Aspic of Lamb’s Brains, 
 decorated; Fillets of Beef, larded a la Jardinere; Calf’s Head, a la Esturgeon; 
 Escalope of Salmon, with Jelley; Turkey Wings, a la Britannia; Salme of 
 Prairie Chickens, au Forme; Larded Fricandeau of Veal; Tomato Sauce; Ge- 
 lantine of Young Chickens, en Aspic; Fillets of Perch, a la Victorie; Breaded 
 Mutton Cutlets, English fashion; Queen Fritters, flavored with Orange; Tem- 
 ple of Macaroni, with Cheese; Fillets of Venison, larded, Game Sauce; Pala- 
 tine of Lamb, stuffed a la Flamande; Ribs of Beef, Braissee, au Madeira. 
 
 Botled. — Turkeys, Oyster Sauce; Boiled Chickens; Tongue, Leg of Mut- 
 ton, Caper Sauce; Ham; Jole. 
 
 Roast. — Beef; Phipps’ Ham, Champagne Sauce ; Lamb: Turkey, Giblet 
 Sauce; Leg and Saddle of Mutton; Geese. 
 
 Game. — Wild Turkeys ; Leg and Saddle of Venison; Venison Steaks; Prai- 
 rie Chickens. 
 
 Relishes. — Pickles, Cold Slaw, Stuffed Olives, Apple Sauce, Current Jelly, 
 Sardines, Pickled Beets, Horse Raddish, Celery, Cranberry Sauce, Pickled On- 
 ions, Hot Slaw. 
 
 Vegetables. — Boiled Macaroni, Boiled Rice, Baked Potatoes, Parsnips, 
 Sour-krout, Boiled Potatoes, Onions, Beets, Oyster-plant, Squash, Sweet Pota- 
 toes, Cabbage, Mashed Potatoes, Turnips. 
 
 Pastry. — Apple Pies, Bread Puddings, Charlotte Russe, Peach Pies, Black- 
 berry Pies, Cream Maringues, Rum Jelly. 
 
 Confectionery. — Rose Drops, Maccaroons, Lemon Icing Cakes, Jelly Cakes, 
 Lady Fingers, Almond Puffs, Kisses, Union Stars. 
 
 Ornaments. — Coat of Arms of Tennessee, Kentucky and Ohio, Crystal 
 Pyramids. 
 
105 
 
 Dessert. — Apples, Oranges, Raisins, Figs, Prunes, Brazil Nuts, Hickory 
 Nuts, Pecan Nuts, Almonds, Vanilla Ice Cream, Filberts. 
 
 Coffee. 
 
 The company from its vastness was soon resolved into 
 fifty lesser ones, each of which with its introductions of 
 new acquaintance, shaking of hands, pledging of healths and 
 glowing jollity, was a banquet of itself. All over the hall 
 might be seen groups, in some of which all were standing 
 with their glasses raised to the center, pledging some im- 
 promptu toast, whilst in others some inspired orator, un- 
 able any longer to restrain his ardor, was pouring forth the 
 intense feelings with which all hearts were sympathetic, 
 and ready, to applaud to the echo. 
 
 In the midst of the war of hilarity and corks, and be- 
 fore beginning the regular toasts, his honor the Mayor an- 
 nounced that Govorner Dennison had just received a dis- 
 patch which he desired Mr. King to read. 
 
 Mr. King passed to the center of the hall and mounted 
 the table. After requesting order, he said : “ To show how 
 this electrical fire is spreading over our country, I am re- 
 quested by Governor Dennison to read the following dis- 
 patch, just received from the Governor of New York : 
 
 Executive Chamber, Albany, N. Y. 1 
 January 27, 1860. j 
 
 Governor Dennison, of Ohio : 
 
 The Legislature of this State has just passed the following 
 resolution, unanimously : 
 
 Resolved , That the Governor be requested to extend to the 
 Governors and Legislatures of the States of Kentucky and 
 Tennessee, now on a visit to the capital of Ohio, and to the 
 Governor and Legislature of the State of Ohio, a cordial invi- 
 tation to visit this capital as the guests of this State. 
 
 I add the expression of my earnest hope that the invita- 
 
106 
 
 tion hereby extended may be accepted. Please communicate 
 the above to the parties concerned. 
 
 E. D. Morgan. 
 
 The reading of this dispatch created the wildest confu- 
 sion and uproar. Nearly every guest, of the thousand 
 present, rose to his feet and shouted : 66 Let us accept.” 
 “ We will go.” “ Good for New York.” “ Let us not stop 
 until we reach Washington.” 
 
 Mr. King inquired whether it was necessary to put the 
 question, and the reply, “ No, No,” arose with a tremend- 
 ous shout, which rang through the hall and fairly made the 
 building tremble. 
 
 After repeated efforts, the regular order of proceedings 
 was resumed, and the Mayor read the first Toast ; 
 
 1. The Fame of Washington — A legacy too great and too 
 glorious to belong to anything less than the whole Continent : 
 It shall never be divided. 
 
 This toast was drank in silence and standing. 
 
 Music — “ Washington’s March.” 
 
 Judge Johnston, of Cincinnati, was then called upon by 
 the Mayor to announce the next regular toast, and he pre- 
 faced it thus ; 
 
 Plow old this country was or how many thousand years it 
 should continue to exist, we could not say, but this thing we 
 do know, that the Almighty intended it for the site of a 
 great and mighty nation. God had sifted the wheat out of all 
 nations to sow it here, that it might produce a superior crop. 
 
 Out of the original thirteen little colonies has grown up a 
 mighty and powerful empire. Here civil and religious liberty 
 were first planted. The first act of civil liberty was under 
 Lord Baltimore. Since then our fathers have fought for and 
 
107 
 
 maintained that freedom. He then referred to our federal 
 Constitution, our federal treasury, our federal army and federal 
 courts, and said that everything that we had that was valuable 
 was acquired by confederation. The geographical position of 
 our country, our climate and soil, the capacity of our country 
 to produce all the necessaries and luxuries of life, the ad- 
 vancement that had been made in art, and manufactures in 
 this country, had made us independent of the whole world, but 
 while independent of the whole world, we were not independ- 
 ent of one another, but stand together as so many brothers 
 banded together in one confederacy. 
 
 Mr. Johnston then read the following sentiment : 
 
 2. To her elder sisters, Kentucky and Tennessee : — Ohio’s 
 two millions of people, in her metropolis to-night, bid you 
 welcome to their homes and their hearts ; and with one voice 
 proclaim a perpetual era of good feeling to the whole house” 
 hold of the Confederacy. 
 
 Music — “ Old Kentucky Home.” 
 
 Senator Fisk, of Kentucky, responded for that State. 
 He said : 
 
 Gentlemen of Tennessee — Gentlemen of Kentucky : 
 
 Ohio, in the name of her two millions of people, bids the 
 Representatives of Kentucky and Tennessee welcome to their 
 homes and their hearts. 
 
 In the name of Tennessee and Kentucky, citizens of Ohio, 
 we most heartily thank you for the generous and noble wel- 
 come you have extended to us to-night. The eyes of the na- 
 tion are turned hopefully upon this fraternal meeting of the 
 four great States of the Mississippi Valley. We have just 
 heard read an invitation from the Empire State to visit its 
 Capital. New York is no longer the Empire State. The 
 West is the Empire State. I repeat it, sir, the West is the 
 Empire State. 
 
108 
 
 While Congress is disorganized, and members on the floor 
 of the House are fiercely shaking their fists in each others 
 faces, and uttering sentiments disloyal to the Union, we, the 
 Representatives of four powerful representative and controll- 
 ing States, are met in friendly concord around the festive 
 board. 
 
 The people of the country will look on that picture and 
 then on this, and demand of Congress to organize and give 
 peace to the nation. 
 
 What idle nonsense in these men at Washington, to talk 
 about dissolving the Union. Why, sir, if the country really 
 believed they were in earnest, and that they would attempt 
 such a thing, in less than four days w T e would surround the 
 Capital with a million of people. I tell you, Mr. Chairman, 
 we will not allow this Union to be dissolved. 
 
 Here we stand in the presence of the immortal Washing- 
 ton (pointing to a portrait), the Father of this hallowed coun- 
 try — not of one State — of Virginia, of Tennessee, of Ken- 
 tucky, of Indiana or of Ohio alone, but of all the thirty-three, 
 filled with Union-loving people. There stands Jackson, also 
 (pointing to his portrait), who said, “ the Union must and 
 shall be preserved.” There stands Henry Clay (pointing to 
 his portrait). A few miles below this city, at North Bend, 
 is the tomb of Harrison. Can you dissolve the Union in the 
 presence of Washington, Jackson, Clay and Harrison? The 
 memoirs of the Revolution and our subsequent history cluster 
 thick around us at the mention of these great names. Time 
 would fail me, should I attempt to enumerate the great events 
 that have transpired in our country, and the distinguished 
 men who have made these events memorable by their valor, 
 their eloquence and their patriotism. Their deeds have passed 
 into history, their fame has gone throughout the world, and 
 their memories are cherished not only by the individual States 
 that gave them birth, but by the people of the whole Union ; 
 that Union they so dearly loved and nobly served; that great 
 and united country they handed down to us, with the strict 
 injunction to hand it down to the next generation unimpaired. 
 
109 
 
 And, sir, to that Union, in principle, as our fathers made it, 
 let us this night say esto perpetua. 
 
 We, of the center and the West, can and will hold this 
 Union together. Who shall forbid the Alleghany and Mon- 
 ongahela to flow into the Ohio? the Ohio and Missouri, with 
 their hundred branches, to flow into the Mississippi? and the 
 the noble Mississippi to bear his union flood into the Gulf? 
 Who can separate Pennsylvania, New York and Virginia, 
 Ohio and Kentucky, Indiana, Tennessee, and all the States 
 bordering upon the Ohio, Missouri, Mississippi, and their 
 branches? Who can separate the millions who live and trade 
 and travel together as friends and neighbors upon the twenty 
 thousand miles of navigable rivers of the Great Valley? It 
 can not be done, sir. I repeat it, it can not be done. United 
 we have stood by the Union, united we stand by the Union 
 now, and united our descendants will, in the same spirit, stand 
 by the Union until the mission of the human family on the 
 earth shall be accomplished, and time itself shall be merged 
 in eternity. 
 
 We love the original thirteen and their descendants; we love 
 our adopted sisters; we love the past history and glory of the 
 Republic; we love its expanded and still expanding greatness; 
 we love our mountains, our broad and fertile plains, our bright 
 streams, great lakes and broad rivers, our institutions of learn 
 ing and benevolence, our arts and sciences, of all sections : to- 
 gether they form the germ of our national greatness ; that 
 which gives us the first place among the great, powerful and 
 enlightened nations of the earth. 
 
 I see arranged around this Hall, sir, the names and the 
 garlands of the thirty-three States. We are all here. Shall 
 either one of them be cast out? Who will name the rejected 
 States? In the early days of New Hampshire, as history relates, 
 it happened that the Indians entered a village where resided a 
 man named Dunstan; the Indians fired his dwelling, took his 
 wife prisoner, killed his babe in his sight; with five other chil- 
 dren, his horse and his gun, he retreated, followed by the In- 
 dians. Finding the savages nearing him and his children, he 
 
110 
 
 alighted, resolved to seize one of his children, mount his horse 
 and flee from his pursuers. He dismounted among his five 
 children, but which should he take, and which four should he 
 leave behind to the cruelty of the savages? His resolution 
 failed him — he loved them all. When the moment for sepa- 
 ration came, his arms were paralyzed ; he could take none A 
 new resolution he formed, to save all or die in the attempt. 
 All were saved. 
 
 Mr. Chairman, Kentucky can not give up either of the 
 States. She is ready to stake life, property and honor for 
 the defense of all her sisters. She has inscribed it upon her 
 block in the monument to the memory of Washington, “ That 
 under the teachings of Washington and the auspices of Heaven, 
 Kentucky will be the last to give up the Union.” 
 
 I expect, if not within my own time, at least within that of 
 my children, the thirty-three sovereign States will be in- 
 creased to half a hundred. 
 
 Again I say to the people of Ohio, we love your patriotism; 
 we love your great State; we love you ; and here, in the pres- 
 ence of Washington, with the flag of this great country above 
 us, we pledge ourselves that the Union shall be preserved. 
 
 Mr. Pickett, of the House of Representatives of Ten- 
 nessee, then arose, and, on behalf of that State, re- 
 sponding to the same toast, made a speech that elicited 
 the warmest plaudits from the audience. We were, how- 
 ever, owing to the confusion around us, unable to catch all 
 he said. He spoke of his having been for a number of 
 years actively engaged in politics in his own State, and of 
 his never having before witnessed such a patriotic expres- 
 sion on the part of any people as in Ohio. When he heard 
 the booming of cannon in this State, did he find alienation 
 on the part of the people ? No. But they met him with 
 open arms. So firmly would such feelings cement this 
 Union, that nothing would effect its destruction. 
 
Ill 
 
 Mr. Speaker Newman, of Tennessee, made the following 
 announcement 
 
 In the name of Tennessee, we, the Representatives, invite 
 the Executive and the Legislature of the people of Ohio, to 
 come to Tennessee, and accept of our hospitalities. 
 
 Governor Magoffin stated that the people of Kentucky 
 had invited the Legislature of Ohio, to visit them, but in- 
 asmuch as the Legislature is in session, and the invitation 
 coming at so late an hour, they found their duty to their 
 constituents prevented them from accepting it. He hoped, 
 however, that at some subsequent day the invitation would 
 be accepted, and the people of Kentucky would show how 
 they reciprocated their hospitality. 
 
 The third toast was read, as follows : 
 
 3. Indiana — Our Sister State, cemented to us by our com- 
 mon blood shed upon her soil. 
 
 Music — ■“ March to the battle field.” 
 
 Responded to by Gorden Tanner, Esq., of Indiana. 
 
 After a brief preface, Mr. Tanner said : 
 
 Indiana intends to say she is for the union of these States, 
 and will spend her money and blood, if need be to preserve 
 it. When the time comes for action, if it ever come, her 
 voice, her eloquence, her bullets, will be found for the united 
 North-west. So .far as I can speak for Indiana, I return 
 thanks for the magnificent ovation which her humble Repre- 
 sentatives have received at your hands. Never have I in my 
 life seen, and never expect to again, anything like the de- 
 monstration made to-day by the glorious State of Ohio. 
 
 We will go home to Indiana, and will tell her people the 
 honor done to her Representatives; and I assure you, at some 
 future time, when the people of the States of Ohio, Kentucky, 
 
112 
 
 Tennessee, of Illinois, of the whole North-west, indicate their 
 intention to visit our State, they will receive a warm recep- 
 tion. We have the money to do it, we have the heart to d r, 
 it, and will do it, so help me God. 
 
 4. The Governor and Legislature of Ohio — The Queen 
 City tenders her allegiance to the sovereignty of the State. 
 
 Responded to by Hon. Robert C. Kirk, Lieut, Governor, 
 and Hon. R. C. Parsons, Speaker of the House of Repre- 
 sentatives. 
 
 Music by Menter’s band. 
 
 LIEU T. GOVERNOR KIRK’S SPEECH. 
 
 Gentlemen of Kentucky and Tennessee. 
 
 The present occasion is one which causes the heart to 
 beat quickly, and the mind to portray high hopes for the 
 future. To meet and mingle as we do now, for the purpose 
 of interchanging thoughts, will generate that confidence, and 
 renew that fraternal feeling which should naturally exist be- 
 tween members of the same great Confederacy, but which 
 has been alienated by the baneful influence of party spirit ; 
 that kind of party spirit which the good, the great, the im- 
 mortal Washington, so much dreaded. Never has my heart 
 gloried with so much pride for the people of my native State, 
 as to-day. Who could witness this spontaneous outburst of 
 popular feeling among the masses, and doubt the loyalty of our 
 people to the Union. The deep feeling manifested by them 
 to-day, should impress you with their fealty to our glorious 
 Confederacy. The thought of disunion has never entered 
 their honest hearts for one moment. They have sworn that 
 this Union shall remain and continue while time itself shall 
 last, and they declare here to-night, that all the powers of 
 hell can not move it; and why? Because they know it eman- 
 ated from God, and has its home in the hearts of honest men. 
 They say in the language of the poet : 
 
113 
 
 “ Thou, too, move on, 0 ! Ship of State, 
 
 Move on, 0 ! Union, strong and great; 
 
 Humanity, with all its fears, 
 
 With all its hopes of years, 
 
 Is hanging breathless on thy fate. 
 
 We know what master laid tliy keel, 
 
 What workmen wrought thy bits of steel, 
 
 Who made each mast, each sail, and rope, 
 
 What anvils rang, what hammers beat. 
 
 In what a forge, and what a heat 
 Were shaped the anchors of thy hope.” 
 
 It has been written, as it were with the finger of God, in 
 glaring capitals of living light, in characters of unalterable 
 brightness upon the margin of the heavens, that this Union 
 shall be perpetual, and it brands that man as a traitor who 
 will give utterance to the accursed thought of disunion. As 
 the Representative of an intelligent people, I say to you, they 
 know and feel the cost, and consequent value of this Confed- 
 eration of States. They know that this beautiful superstruc- 
 ture of self-government is based upon the immovable founda- 
 tion of equity and truth ; that its apex reaches the heavens, 
 and is crowned by the blessing of God. They know, too, the 
 power of the great truth, that we are children of the same 
 kind parents, brothers of the same blood, and joint heirs to 
 the same rich legacy, secured to us by the heroic virtues of our 
 patriotic fathers. I say to you, Brothers of Kentucky and Ten- 
 nessee, in behalf of Ohio’s sons, farewell, and they hope this 
 reunion will long be remembered as an important one in our 
 history; and we also hope that we may meet in the future, 
 with the same fraternal feeling that has characterized your 
 visit to our State. May the discordant note of disunion be 
 forever hushed, and may peace, contentment, and happiness 
 pervade our land. 
 
 MR. SPEAKER PARSONS’ SPEECH. 
 
 Mr. President: 
 
 While I cheerfully respond, on behalf of the Legislature 
 of the State of Ohio, to the toast that has just been read, I 
 
114 
 
 suppose, sir, I shall be strictly in order, if I do not confine my- 
 self exclusively to the text. Sir, I can not refrain, as I cast 
 my eyes over this vast assembly, gathered as it is from so 
 many States of this Union, from expressing the pride and 
 satisfaction I feel at this fraternal and ennobling spectacle. 
 Sir, I should be recreant to my duty, did I not, in the name 
 of the House of Representatives, whose servant I am, and in 
 the name of the Legislature, bid you welcome to the hospital- 
 ities of the State of Ohio. Sir, the States of Kentucky, Ten- 
 nessee, Indiana and Ohio, are so intimately connected by the 
 ties of blood, of neighborhood, and the early struggles and 
 hardships of their pioneers and patriots, that a common his- 
 tory, and a common interest endear them to each other. The 
 kindly and affectionate feeling with which the people of Ohio 
 regard the people of her sister States, has been strikingly 
 displayed all along the route we have traveled this day. I 
 ask you, gentlemen of Kentucky and Tennessee, if you have 
 not witnessed \* the magnificent ovation paid you this day, 
 from the time you left our capital, until the present moment, 
 the spontaneous, hearty, and overwhelming testimonial of 
 the regard of the people of Ohio, toward the people of her 
 sister States ? I put it to you, gentlemen of Kentucky and 
 Tennessee, if the children, scarcely two years old, in their 
 mother’s arms (and we have seen thousands of them to-day), 
 have not shaken their little hands in your faces, and bid you 
 welcome and God-speed ? Aye, so it is, sir — so it will ever 
 be — Ohio and her children love this Union, and will maintain 
 it as their fathers gave it. 
 
 Mr. President — I have been asked to-day, whether this 
 same cordial hospitality would have been extended to these, 
 our guests, had they passed to the northern part of our State, 
 to the beautiful city upon the Lake Shore. Sir, I take pride 
 and satisfaction in answering that question. Sir, my home 
 and a part of my constituents dwell in that beautiful city — 
 in the heart of the Western Reserve. I have the honor of 
 representing seventy-five thousand of those people, on the 
 floor of our House of Representatives. Sir, the people of 
 
115 
 
 the Reserve are the descendants of the people of Massachu- 
 setts and Connecticut. They need no eulogy from me. They 
 have their own ideas of right and wrong, their own views 
 upon all and every subject, and dare maintain them when 
 they believe them right, at every hazard. But, sir, however 
 much they may differ from our friends upon some subjects — 
 when it comes to the sacred rights of hospitality — when it 
 comes to a question of expressing a fraternal and cordial 
 good will to their brethern of sister States — then, sir, their 
 hearts and their homes are spread wide open, and their hos- 
 pitality is second to none on the face of the globe. And, sir, 
 they are as loyal to the Union of these States, as they are to 
 their God! 
 
 Mr. President — Ours is a partnership in these great States 
 of the Mississippi Valley, that like that of the boy and his 
 sister in the kitten — can not be divided. A little boy and 
 girl agreed to divide the ownership of a kitten between them, 
 and the tail end of the bargain fell to the boy. Shortly after 
 the kitten was heard mewing frightfully, and the little girl 
 sprang to the rescue, inquiring what was the matter ? 0, 
 
 nothing at all says the boy; I only trod on my part of kitty, 
 and your part hollered. So it is with us. If a blow is aimed 
 at the interests of either of these States, the others feel it and 
 will resent the wrong. 
 
 Menter’s Band, by request, played the Anvil Chorus, 
 “ bringing down the house.” 
 
 Nicholas Longworth, Esq., sent word that he would keep 
 open house, during the morning of Saturday, to the guests. 
 It was enthusiastically greeted. 
 
 A flag was sent into the hall, just at this time, with the 
 following note, the reading of which was received with en- 
 thusiastic cheers : 
 
 “ This Flag belonged to the barge Triton. On the 
 23d of December, 1814, the day the British came from 
 
116 
 
 the Lake to the Mississippi, the Triton was sent from New 
 Orleans across the river to bring over the United States 44th 
 Regiment, then stationed on that side of the river. When the 
 regiment arrived, the flags were hoisted amid the most en- 
 thusiastic cheering of the men. 
 
 “ The Triton was a brig-rigged barge, or vessel, owned by 
 Baum & Wallace, and employed in the trade between New 
 Orleans and Cincinnati, burden one hundred and thirty tuns, 
 and drawing five feet water. On going in company of two 
 other barges, they overtook General Carroll’s Division at Fort 
 Pickering — now Memphis. The flags were hoisted and a 
 salute fired, and the compliment returned by the Tennes- 
 seeans with hearty cheers.” / 
 
 The flag was made in the autumn of 1811, by a party 
 of Cincinnati ladies, and presented to Messrs. Baum and 
 Wallace. 
 
 The following toast was then read : 
 
 5. Memphis, Nashville, Louisville, Cincinnati, Columbus — 
 Not quite a straight line; but Cincinnati straight, and proud 
 to welcome her sister municipalities. 
 
 The Mayor of Nashville, Mr. Hollingsworth, responded 
 saying : 
 
 “ Enough has been said of the union of the States, and it 
 becomes my duty to speak of the union of cities. The great 
 cities mentioned are not perhaps in the geometrical line, but 
 I think they are straight enough; while the politicians who 
 are present have said enough to set the Union right, I deem 
 it prudent and proper that the representatives of the great 
 commercial metropolis of these States should say that the 
 commercial line is not broken — while the Union is being 
 saved, it is necessary that the commercial emporiums should 
 be looked to. The commercial intercourse heretofore existing 
 between Nashville and Cincinnati has been most satisfactory, 
 
117 
 
 and as I hope profitable, and I believe and hope that such will 
 be continued. I believe nothing in the shape of fanatics 
 of the North or hotspurs of the South can deter us from 
 devotion to the Union, and from the friendly relations which 
 now we exhibit. 
 
 Mr. Mayor Crawford, of Louisville, eschewed speech- 
 making, and called upon Mr. Pennebaker, Representative 
 of Louisville, in the Legislature, to rise and speak for her 
 and him both, which Mr. Pennebaker did in a brief and 
 handsome manner. 
 
 Thereupon the Mayor of Cincinnati called upon Mr. 
 Eggleston, President of the City Council, to prove that 
 Cincinnati is “ straight.” 
 
 Mr. Eggleston rose and replied : 
 
 This was the last place at which I expected to he called out 
 to make a speech, but it has been peremptorily said to me 
 that I must respond for this little village of Cincinnati. 
 
 This festival that has been given to these four States is 
 well worthy of our consideration. This is one of those occa- 
 sions that this company has never seen before ! When we 
 look around to see what we are, we have reason to be proud, 
 for we remember that it is hut a few years ago that] Vir- 
 ginia brought forward another daughter, after Kentucky was 
 born, and sent her out into the great North-west, and from 
 her we have risen. Now we have been inviting our sister 
 cities to come in and see our progress, and to have a jovial 
 time, and a good time. 
 
 It affords me great pleasure to greet you all. We are next 
 born to Kentucky, and Tennessee is our neighbor. We are 
 not strangers. I trust we have proved to them that we are 
 not. I trust that we have proved to them that we are their 
 friends, and that we will stand by them while they protect 
 the great charter of our liberties. This demonstration to be 
 sure is a small one, but I tell you we had hut a little time to 
 
]18 
 
 get it up. If you had but given us a week or so that we 
 could get our people out, we would have shown you an old fash- 
 ioned demonstration ; but we hope you will not let this be 
 your last visit. We intend to invite you again on some fu- 
 ture day, and then I think we will show what a Cincinnati 
 crowd can do. 
 
 At this point, the Hon. John Young Brown, the 
 youthful member of Congress elect, from Kentucky, yet 
 debarred by his years from taking his seat, was vocifer- 
 ously called out, and on rising was hailed with applause. 
 
 SPEECH OF HON. JOHN YOUNG BROWN. 
 
 My Countrymen: 
 
 I cordially thank you for the flattering call you have made 
 upon me, and greet you, to-night, with feelings of profound 
 pride and satisfaction. I hail this demonstration as an addi- 
 tional assurance of the perpetuity of this great Union, of 
 which we are common members. 
 
 As I approached your beautiful city from Louisville, there 
 was a welcome came from the shores of Ohio that was an- 
 swered back from Kentucky, and the echoes of those cannon 
 mingled together and went up to heaven. Thank God those 
 guns were unshotted — they rang out a salvo of peace and 
 friendship, and no tocsin of fraternal war. Tennessee and 
 Kentucky, and Ohio and Indiana, by their representative men 
 are here to-night, gentlemen, in the bonds of mutual love and 
 devotion to our common country, colossal as it is in charac- 
 ter, and precious for the incalculable blessings it secures to us 
 as its citizens. 
 
 Man is an epitome of wonder. There are majesty and 
 beauty in his form ; splendor and potency in his mind. His 
 restless energies have bridged the deep — pushed far and wide 
 the conquests of civilization ; enriched him with the treasures 
 of earth ; made the desert to bloom as the rose ; his genius 
 roams conquering through space, and has wrung from nature’s 
 
119 
 
 secret realms almost all that would make him great ; and 
 standing thus, proud and powerful, crowned with so many 
 triumphs of science and art, the American can boast that his 
 ancestors’ brave hearts and strong arms won the right to 
 make and their wisdom fashioned a Constitution — the grand- 
 est offspring of human reason, under which our people have 
 reached man’s highest earthly estate, and his fullest and most 
 perfect development of manhood. The citizen moves upon 
 our soil proud and free, feeling the possession of those high 
 qualities and rights which were vouchsafed to him by his 
 Creator, and the incentives of the essence of divinity that 
 approximate him to his immaculate model. 
 
 As our destinies are so high and our liberties so great, it 
 devolves upon us, here and now, in this hour of peril, to look 
 to the worth of our sires ; to be about the work of the Union, 
 by preserving which we can go down to the tomb, as we have 
 lived, to boast the most splendid history that ever graced the 
 page of time. It behooves us to look about it ; that wise 
 action and temperate counsel may guide and enable us to 
 pass through the danger now around us, as we have through 
 all those which, in times past, have threatened our country. 
 (Immense applause.) 
 
 I saw to-day, the workman from his shop, the merchant 
 from his desk, the lawyer from his office, the minister from 
 his study, men of every occupation, mingling in one grand 
 crowd to welcome the delegations from Tennessee, Kentucky 
 and Indiana. We can not appropriate that compliment to 
 ourselves ; it was no testimonial to Kentucky ; it was no meed 
 of honor to Tennessee; it was not a token of respect for In- 
 diana, but one great ovation, one noble outpouring of the 
 broad, popular heart of Ohio, testifying to the love for the 
 Union of our country — the Union and the Constitution. 
 
 (Applause which prevented the speaker from proceeding 
 and three cheers given for Ohio.) 
 
 The women were there with their sweet smiles, with eyes 
 brightened and hearts bounding with the patriotic inspiration 
 of the occasion ; aye, even the little children ran along, 
 
120 
 
 clapping their innocent hands with joy — for what? To hail 
 the flag of the Union — to commend our love, our Union and 
 our Constitution. 
 
 I have read somewhere in history or poetic legend, that a 
 Swiss mother once saw her darling child ranging on the Alps, 
 watching an eagle in its flight. He was in danger, yet she 
 dare not follow to his rescue, lest, fleeing from her in his 
 wanton play, he should be dashed down the lofty precipice. 
 She thought, and in the quick invention of maternal love, 
 tore the covering from her breast, and baring her blushing 
 bosom to her boy, she beckoned him ; the truant smiled, 
 rushed to her loving arms and was safe ; and when the guard- 
 ian Genius of American Liberty and the Union — which is the 
 mother of all our greatness — that genius that presided at 
 Lexington and Bunker Hill — that was present when the can- 
 non of Yorktown boomed — that was abroad at the old capital 
 of the Montezumas, when our victorious banner was unrolled 
 there — stands now at your National Capital, with the Consti- 
 tution of the country in one hand, and the Flag of the 
 Union in the other (cheers), beckoning you, by the names 
 and bones of your sires, your common battle-fields, and all 
 the proud traditions and glorious history of the past, to 
 stand together in your strength, without distinction of North 
 or of South, a living breastwork in defense of this grandest 
 achievement of human patriotism. (Great applause.) Will 
 not Ohio, Kentucky and Tennessee, and all the other States 
 of this Confederacy, join in the hand that “ carries the flag 
 and keeps step to the music of Union?” (During the raptur- 
 ous applause which followed, the speaker withdrew ; but, 
 upon frequent calls, he continued :) 
 
 May this Union never be dissolved. (Applause.) Let it live 
 on forever. Babylon, Greece, Borne — all these have passed 
 away — the highway of time is scattered over with their 
 ruins. All poetry is full of funeral songs, and almost every 
 page of history records the story of the struggles of some 
 government that is fallen now or rocks on its foundations. 
 Let us profit by the lesson. Our government is not one 
 
121 
 
 whose safety is in the power of its executive arms ; it is not 
 one cemented by lust of conquest or love of empire ; it has 
 better than these — a deep, firm, broad foundation in the 
 hearts and the affections of the great American people. As 
 long as the beautiful Ohio river washes the shores of Northern 
 and Southern States; as long as the Mississippi — the great 
 Father of Waters — pours his gathered tribute to the gulf ; 
 as long as our mountains point to heaven ; as long as there is 
 a spot in the heart of this great people that will heat the echo 
 back and answer the glorious memories of the past, let us go 
 on, as members of one common family, playing the same 
 national airs and singing the same national songs, owning 
 and venerating together the same sublime monuments of our 
 country’s greatness ; loving, sustaining and defending the 
 priceless blessings of this legacy of ours, and building up to 
 a yet higher measure of renown this nation, that is already 
 the life, light, ornament and hope of the world. 
 
 There are fanatics — men who love an idle fame — who 
 would have their names on the popular tongue. Erostratus 
 fired the Ephesian Temple, and Cataline attempted treason 
 against his native country, but our repose is in the popular 
 feeling, our great safety is in the love of the masses, North 
 and South, for the principles of our Constitution — equal 
 Rights and Justice to all sections, and relying upon these we 
 will steer through the dangers of the day, cheered on by the 
 bright promises ahead, and like the sun that passes through 
 the cloud, it is dimmed but to appear with a renewed and 
 much more glorious splendor. 
 
 There is a promise in this meeting ; there is a basis upon 
 which to build a hope. Cornelia, when asked for her jewels, 
 pointed to her children. American patriots, if asked for our 
 National Jewels, could we not point around us here in this 
 festival — the meeting of our great States — and say there are 
 our Union’s children and our jewels. 
 
 [The speaker again retired, while a perfect thunder of ap- 
 plause greeted him. He was again called out, and again he 
 continued]. 
 
122 
 
 Gentlemen, we have come among you. You have met us 
 with that cordial hospitality, that respect and love which we 
 Kentuckians, in our egotism, can not claim for ourselves, 
 (three cheers were given for Kentucky). We would be glad 
 to welcome you into our midst ; to see you ; to have you 
 mingle with us as we have mingled with you around the 
 festive board. We hope it will be so. 
 
 We have learned, indeed, that Ohio, Tennessee, Indiana, 
 and Kentucky join in one spontaneous and earnest hosanna 
 to the Union, and rather than fanaticism shall undo the work 
 of our fathers, let Plymouth’s sacred rock, hallowed by the 
 feet of the Pilgrims, be placed on the pinnacle of Bunker 
 Hill Monument, and I would to God that monument could be 
 reared to the zenith, that each and every man in the country, 
 from the cotton-fields of the South, the prairies of the great 
 West, the lakes and granite mountains of the North, might 
 have his morning vision brightened by that symbol of Amer- 
 ican patriotism, and daily renew his devotion to the Sires of 
 Seventy-Six. 
 
 I am called a member of “ Young America” — be it so, 
 for Young America is a power in the land. As a member, 
 then, of Young America, hailing from Kentucky, I extend 
 to that part of the Young America of these other States — 
 the young men who are the pride and hope of their gray- 
 headed fathers — who must be their representatives and suc- 
 cessors — the perpetuators of their fortunes, fame and honor, 
 an invitation to join me in the pledge, that so long as a 
 heart beats in our bosoms, so long as the flag of the Union 
 w T aves, we will use every effort consistent with honor, princi- 
 ple and justice, to bear undivided this most glorious offspring 
 of time to the shores of eternity — to guide in safety this 
 unmatched ship of State ; fashioned after a model never 
 equaled in political architecture, onward and onward on the 
 sea of prosperity and glory, freighted with a united, broth- 
 erly, free and happy people, to that port, to be reached only 
 when the curtain of time shall fall. 
 
123 
 
 6. The Judiciary — An upright Judge — the embodied spirit 
 of liberty and law — the steadfast pillar of our perpetuity. 
 
 Mr. Henry Stanberry responded briefly, referring to 
 the devotion of Ohio to the Union, and the interest of the 
 city of Cincinnati in the preservation of friendly relations 
 with her sister cities. 
 
 f 7. The Great West — The High Constable of the Nation 
 commands the peace of the Union : let Sedition disperse — the 
 Riot Act has been read. 
 
 Response by Dudley Walker, of Kentucky, and Benj. 
 J. Lee, of Tennessee. 
 
 SPEECH OF MR. WALKER*. 
 
 Mr. Chairman , and Fellow -citizens of Ohio , 
 
 Tennessee , Indiana and Kentucky : 
 
 I feel complimented and proud to have the pleasure of ad“ 
 dressing you upon this most grand occasion. Truly is the 
 toast significant in sentiment, conception and phraseology. 
 It imports what we have heard from high quarters — that this 
 Union is endangered ; that there were those who seriously 
 contemplated its dissolution. 
 
 But are there any now in this vast assembly, representing 
 millions of freemen, who have any fears upon the subject, if 
 true to our pledges, that have been made and responded to by 
 more than fifty thousand people assembled ? We have pledged 
 ourselves not to interfere with the constitutional rights of 
 each other, leaving the States of this glorious Confederacy to 
 rule and govern their domestic institutions in their own way. 
 Then I repeat, if mindful of these, how can it be dissolved ? 
 Though politicians, in part seeming to reflect the public sen- 
 timent, may talk of it, yet it will not be done. As has been 
 said, where would you commence, and how? In the language 
 of the toast — the Great West — the “High Constable, the 
 
124 
 
 great North-west, has read the rioting act, and commanded 
 peace in the nation.” 
 
 Sir, contemplate the sublime spectacle, the like of which has 
 never been witnessed in this government. Upon the shores 
 of my own loved State did the Executive and Legislative de- 
 partments of two sovereign States meet, in conjunction with 
 a representation from Indiana and Ohio. We met amid the 
 booming cannon’s roar, the waving of the “ Stars and Stripes,” 
 and the shouts of thousands ; and when we left, thousands at 
 the water’s edge attested their lively interest and bid us God- 
 speed ; and all along the shore, on either side of the beautiful 
 Ohio, were we hailed with similar demonstrations, until within 
 a few miles of your own city, when, under the escort of two 
 noble steamers as we reached the “ Queen of the West,” the 
 enthusiasm increased. All along the line to your beautiful 
 Capital (Columbus) did the excitement increase, where we 
 were received in a most imposing style by your Legislature^ 
 in open session, amid the shouts of the citizens. 
 
 To-day, sir, as we traveled in a different section, your own 
 gallant citizens united in the same feeling; and need I refer 
 to our reception here ? The most grand and imposing, per- 
 haps, that has ever been witnessed in this Union — a reception 
 by at least thirty thousand people, who accompanied us to 
 your most magnificent Opera House. The stars and stripes 
 of our common country floating from every conceivable place 
 of your massive buildings, lofty domes, spires and from almost 
 every conceivable object. For all these, I can only say, we 
 tender to you heartily our most cordial, heartfelt thanks. To 
 describe our feelings would beggar language. Dissolve this 
 Union so long as we are true to the Constitution anu cn-j laws 
 No, sir. As well might we attempt to burst asunder the fet- 
 ters that bind us down to earth in the chains of everlasting 
 gravitation itself. There may be some, in different sections 
 of this country, that would be willing to see it wrecked upon 
 the rock or engulfed in the whirlpool. 
 
 But this Union must exist upon the purity of its principles^ 
 adherence to the Constitution and the loyalty of its citizens 
 
125 
 
 to the laws. These, and these alone, can sustain it. The 
 history of the world attests the correctness of the position. 
 Greece remained invincible until after the conquest of Per- 
 sia ; and the Spartans needed not the protection of walls and 
 battlements so long as they adhered to the stern rules of the 
 inflexible Lycurgus. Where now is Rome, who trod down 
 nations and subjected them to the sway of her imperial scep- 
 ters ? Where now is Babylon, once great and mighty ? Gone! 
 gone ! If we will but prove true and loyal, loyal to the Con- 
 stitution, to the interests and the rights of all alike, granting 
 to life, liberty and property all needful constitutional protec- 
 tion, we will accomplish what seemed to be “manifest destiny,” 
 the dissemination of light, knowledge, liberty and correct 
 principles throughout this broad-spread earth. Our laurels, 
 plucked from many a hotly contested battle-field, challenge 
 the thought, almost, that they were plucked from the depths 
 of immortality itself. Let us cultivate fraternal feelings and 
 rebuke those who act inconsistent with the principles spoken 
 of, whether they hail from the snow-capped hills of the North, 
 or the rich valleys of the “ sunny South,” whether from the 
 gilded plains of the East, or the table lands of the West, and 
 we will live on, and on, and on, a contented, virtuous and 
 happy people, transmitting to our posterity the rich inheri- 
 tance bequeathed to us by a noble ancestry, the jewels of 
 whose minds would have sparkled with undimmed luster 
 amidst the most gorgeous array of European genius, and 
 would have done honor to themselves and country in the coun- 
 cils of nations. Sirs, in the language of the toast, the great 
 West, the high constable of the nation, commands the peace 
 of the Union — let sedition disperse — the riot act has been 
 read. 
 
 8. Henry Clay and Andrew Jackson — The Orator of Ash- 
 land, the Hero of the Hermitage. Their lives honored the 
 States whose soil preserves their ashes. As long as their ex- 
 ample is remembered, neither personal rivalries, nor party 
 excitements, nor sectional jealousies, can make us forget our 
 patriotism. 
 
126 
 
 Responses from Messrs. W. L. Martin and Wm. Ewing, 
 of the Tennessee Legislature, and Henry W. Rust, Ken- 
 tucky Senator, were made. 
 
 Mr. Martin, of Tennessee, responded as follows : 
 
 Men of Ohio': I am called on to respond to a sentiment 
 complimentary to Clay and Jackson. I am no eulogist. The 
 names of Clay and Jackson are inscribed on the pages of 
 history. Although differing in politics from the hero of Ten- 
 nessee, whose humble tomb is in view of the road which I 
 travel in passing from my home to Nashville, yet I accord 
 to him, love of country, high, commanding powers of mind, 
 and, above all, a strong, abiding love for the Union of these 
 States. He it was who announced, at an important epoch in 
 our country’s history, that the Federal Union must be pre- 
 served. 
 
 But I am expected to say something about Henry Clay. 
 Glorious old Hal ! who can do justice to thy memory ? 
 There (pointing to a full length portrait of Mr. Clay), there 
 stands the glorious old patriot, the greatest statesman this 
 country has ever produced. In his comprehensive patriotism, 
 in the fullness of his noble, magnanimous heart, he exclaimed, 
 “ I know no East, no West, no North, no South.” He was 
 for his country , and his whole country. I feel to-night, sur- 
 rounded by the Representatives of three great States, that in 
 my own heart I indorse this patriotic sentiment of the great 
 statesman. I feel that you are all my brethren, all members 
 of the same great family. Notwithstanding the efforts of 
 designing men, North and South, this Union will be preserved. 
 The destinies of this great nation are in the hands of Him 
 who does all things well. God himself has heretofore pre- 
 served us as in the hollow of His hand, and He will continue t 
 preserve it. 
 
 I am glad we are here, I am rejoiced to be permitted to 
 mingle my [voice with yours in proclaiming fidelity to the 
 Constitution and the Union. I am from the South, where I 
 was born, and where I have lived and where I expect to die. 
 
127 
 
 All my feelings and sentiments are with and for my own be- 
 loved State ; yet I am not only a citizen of the State of Ten- 
 nessee, but I am also a citizen of the United States. The 
 whole country is mine and is yours. 
 
 We of the South ask nothing hut the rights secured to us 
 by the Constitution. These rights we have, these rights w T e 
 will continue to insist on. Grant us these rights and the diffi- 
 culties between the North and South are at once settled. 
 Cease the agitation of the negro question and w r e are at peace. 
 
 And now, men of Ohio, farewell. I shall go home w T ith 
 different and more favorable opinions in reference to the 
 people of your noble State than I had heretofore entertained. 
 I hope that this interchange of feeling and sentiment will in- 
 duce us hereafter to look upon each other as brethren. I 
 hope it will result in good to us and the whole country. 
 
 MR. RUST’S SPEECH. 
 
 Mr, Chairman , and you my Countrymen: 
 
 I say my countrymen, because we are all citizens of a com- 
 mon country — of the same great and glorious Confederacy. 
 And we are proud to know that we have such a country. 
 
 Sir, there is no man, no matter to wffiat particular spot of 
 earth his destiny may have driven him, who w r as born under 
 the protection of the star-spangled banner, that glorious en- 
 sign of liberty which waves in triumph over every sea, and 
 over every land, who is not proud to claim as the home of his 
 birth the United States of America. Sir, it is such feelings 
 as these, that to-night animate my bosom, and make me feel 
 proud that I am an American citizen. 
 
 Although born and reared in the State of Virginia — God 
 bless the Old Dominion ! — and now an adopted citizen of the 
 State of Kentucky, yet I have the gratification of knowing 
 that whithersoever I may roam throughout this broad land, I 
 can meet as friends and greet as brothers, thousands of my 
 countrymen, all having a common object in view — all desiring 
 the perpetuity of the Union, and the preservation of the Con- 
 stitution. 
 
128 
 
 Mr. Chairman, when I this night cast my eyes around me, 
 and behold the brilliant array of learning and of ability which 
 surround me, I can not but feel that those friends who have 
 called on me for a speech, have been prompted rather by the 
 excess of a kind partiality than the exercise of a sound and 
 discreet judgment in the generous, though unfortunate call 
 they have just made. Nor can I proceed to respond to that 
 call without tendering to them my grateful acknowledgments 
 for so unmerited a mark of their consideration and regard. 
 
 Mr. Chairman, seldom before have I had the honor of ad- 
 dressing so distinguished an audience ; seldom, indeed, have 
 I had the pleasure of mingling with so many distinguished 
 patriots and statesmen — never, before, did I behold such a 
 scene as this. Sir, no such grand and imposing spectacle was 
 ever before beheld in America, as the assembling together, at 
 a time like the present, of the legislative bodies of three such 
 great States as Tennessee, Kentucky and Ohio — all mingling 
 together upon terms of perfect friendship — all desiring the 
 happiness and prosperity of their country — all determined to 
 vindicate and uphold the sanctity of the Constitution and the 
 laws. And now that we are here, resolved into a committee 
 of the whole on the state of the Union, let us pause, and 
 contemplate for a few moments the grandeur and glory of our 
 country. 
 
 But a few years over three quarters of a century have 
 passed away, since our fathers of the Revolution published to 
 mankind the Declaration of Independence, and laid the foun- 
 dation for this, the mightiest Republic the world ever knew. 
 Scarcely eighty-four years have elapsed since that memorable 
 event, when all the civilized nations of the earth were aston- 
 ished and amazed at the bold, yet dignified and determined 
 declaration of sentiment contained in that instrument. And 
 here we are to-day, in the possession of a vast and beautiful 
 country, more beautiful, perhaps, than any on which the hu- 
 man eye ever paused for a moment to gaze; combining all the 
 varieties of scenery, climate, soil and production, and in min- 
 eral wealth, agricultural resources and manufacturing facili- 
 
129 
 
 ties, surpassing every other nation upon the whole face of the 
 earth. 
 
 Then our country was composed of the original thirteen 
 colonies, with scarcely three millions of inhabitants to defend 
 her rights ; without a navy to protect her commerce ; without 
 the means of carrying on the government. Now, it has grown 
 to be a mighty empire, extending from ocean to ocean, abound- 
 ing in all that is necessary to make a nation happy, prosper- 
 ous and great ; with a population of over thirty millions of 
 free people ; a commerce that encircles the globe, and a flag 
 that floats triumphantly upon every breeze that wafts the stars 
 and the stripes. 
 
 | gj Sir, with such a country, with such resources, with such 
 advantages for improvement in the arts and sciences ; with 
 such a field for the cultivation of the great tree of liberty 
 which our fathers planted and gave as a legacy to us, and to 
 the yet unborn millions of America’s free sons; and in the 
 enjoyment of all the freedom that is consistent with the nature 
 of our governmental restraint, what should we not do to pre- 
 serve this Union, and be enabled to hand down to posterity in 
 unsullied brightness the character and glory of the American 
 name? Sir, many things we should do, and many sacrifices' 
 submit to ; and for the purpose of accomplishing so great a 
 good, as that of preserving the Union, and preventing this, 
 experiment of self-government on which we have entered 
 from proving a magnificent failure, I here pledge that Ken- 
 tucky will sacrifice almost everything except her honor ; sub- 
 mit to almost anything but to a deprivation of her rights, to 
 humiliation and disgrace. But, sir, while I make this decla- 
 ration on the part of Kentucky, let me say that Kentucky 
 does not believe her brethren of the North — I mean the ma- 
 jority of them — wish to deprive her of the enjoyment of her 
 just and equal rights, under the Constitution of the United 
 States. Sir, I am for the Union — Kentucky is for the Union. 
 But we believe that the Union can only be preserved by a 
 strict observance of the provisions of the Federal Constitu- 
 
 9 
 
 i 
 
130 
 
 tion, and a determination on the part of the North to cease 
 intermeddling with the institutions of the South. 
 
 Sir, we live under one of the grandest and most sublime 
 structures of human government that was ever instituted on 
 earth to preserve and perpetuate the rational liberties of man. 
 Shall it be destroyed ? Shall we tear down the proud pillars 
 which our fathers reared for the support of this mighty edifice, 
 and say to liberty, go ! take thy everlasting flight from the 
 world, never again to return ? No, sir, never. Around the 
 heads of those who should thus attempt to destroy this fair 
 fabric of ours, would gather a whirlpool of popular indigna- 
 tion that would sweep them forever from existence. 
 
 Sir, I must cease, and in conclusion, here is a toast : 
 
 u To my Country — May her flight continue to be onward 
 and upward, and when the last syllable of recorded time shall 
 be written by the finger of God upon the tablets of eternity, 
 may she still be great and glorious, proudly careering in the 
 broad galaxy of national greatness, without a single star be- 
 ing plucked from her colors, or a single jstripe torn therefrom.” 
 
 9. The President of the United States — Earth’s first po- 
 tentate, the servant of the people. 
 
 Mr. Payne, of the Senate of Tennessee, and Mr. Whit- 
 taker, of the Kentucky House of Representatives, respond- 
 ed eloquently. 
 
 10. The Army and Navy — The Angel of Peace, one foot 
 upon land and one upon the sea, proclaiming that war shall 
 be no more. 
 
 11. The Ladies — No Union without them, no dissolution 
 with them. 
 
 Mr. Rodman, of the Kentucky Legislature, was called 
 upon to answer the latter toast, and in brief and elegant 
 terms apostrophized the harmonious influences of the fair sex. 
 
131 
 
 12. The Press — The first words printed by Faust, “ God 
 said, let there be light, and there was light.” 
 
 13. The Union of the States. 
 
 The health of Capt, Shirley, of the Cincinnati and Lou- 
 isville Mail Line, was then drank with a zest, and appro- 
 priately and felicitously responded to by the Captain. 
 
 The Glee Club, were called for, and sang an appropriate 
 song, and the festivities closed about two o’clock Saturday 
 morning, with three cheers for the Union. 
 
 The. ceremonies attendant upon the visit of the Legisla- 
 tures of Tennessee, Kentucky and Ohio, were continued on 
 Saturday and up to the time our city's guests departed, in 
 the same unabated and enthusiastic manner with which 
 they were commenced. They were all furnished with badges, 
 which were “ open sesames ” to all sights in the city, and 
 all drives into the country. At the exhibition of these 
 badges, all doors flew open, all hacks and carriages were 
 commanded, all eatables and drinkables forthcoming, “ with- 
 out money and without price.” Thus equipped, on Satur- 
 day morning many persons visited the public institutions 
 of Cincinnati, many rode into the country, and a large 
 f portion wended their way to the spacious Fifth Street Mar- 
 ket Space, to witness a parade of the Fire Department of 
 the city. 
 
 Saturday morning the guests were treated to a display 
 of the Fire Department, and later in the day, were afforded 
 an opportunity of witnessing its efficiency, practically. At 
 nine o’clock the entire department, consisting of nine steam 
 companies and four hand companies, formed on Race street 
 and Fifth, and headed by Menter’s Band, made a short 
 circuit of the Eastern part of the city, and then entered 
 the Fifth street market space, which had been cleared of 
 
132 
 
 the people by the police, in order that the guests might 
 have an ample opportunity to see and judge for themselves. 
 Chief Engineer Megrue wisely ordered out the department 
 in working order, no embellishments, no decorations, no 
 efforts at pageantry, but in the grandeur of its mechanical 
 ingenuity, to appear unostentatiously, and demonstrate its 
 world-wide reputation in a practical manner. 
 
 Three engines were tested, the E. G. Megrue, smallest 
 size, the A. B. Latta and Niagara, largest size. The two 
 latter threw streams 11-2 inch in diameter and the former 
 1 1-4, and as the great volumes of water speeded from the 
 nozzles, with giant force, the admiration of the distinguished 
 guests was unanimous. 
 
 After these engines had been withdrawn, a second con- 
 test was had between the Citizen’s Gift and the Mississippi, 
 which resulted in the former exceeding all her previous at- 
 tainments, and throwing water the unprecedented distance 
 of three hundred and twenty feet. This is the greatest 
 feat ever performed by a steam fire engine, and entitles the 
 old favorite to still wear “the horns.” 
 
 At two o’clock a fire occurred on Sixth street, west of 
 the C., IT. & Dayton Railroad. To this large numbers of 
 the Legislators flocked, and their admiration of the morn- 
 ing was changed to enthusiasm at the order, efficiency and 
 dispatch of the department. For the sake of seeing the 
 streams play upon the fire, many of them entered the 
 burning bulding, and as a reward for their inquisitiveness, 
 emerged drenched to the skin and satisfied with their ex- 
 perimental search after knowledge. 
 
 VISIT TO NICHOLAS LONGWORTH. 
 
 At the conclusion of the exhibition of the Fire Depart- 
 ment, the guests, accompanied by the members of City 
 
133 
 
 Council and the Committee of Arrangements, repaired in 
 a body to the residence of Nicholas Longworth, in compli- 
 ance with an invitation extended them at the banquet 
 Friday evening. Ample preparations had been made for 
 their reception. A number of tables were spread, covered 
 with tempting edibles, and bristling with bottles of the 
 venerable host’s famous Catawba wine. The universal sen- 
 timent was that of the poet : 
 
 “Very good in its way 
 Is the Viergenay, 
 
 And the Sillery soft and creamy ; 
 
 But Catawba wine 
 Hath a taste more divine, 
 
 More dulcet, delicious and dreamy.” 
 
 During the entertainment of the three Legislatures at 
 Mr. Longworth ’s, Saturday, Hon. Mr. Underwood, of the 
 Tennessee delegation, offered the following sentiment : 
 
 Nicholas Longworth — The representative man of the times 
 when the value of the National Union w r as not made a sub- 
 ject of discussion and calculation. Thank god, some such 
 yet live ! 
 
 To this W. J. Flagg, Esq., of the Ohio Legislature, on 
 behalf of Mr. Longworth, responded with the following sen- 
 timent and remarks : 
 
 The Three Trees — The Ash of Kentucky, furnishing the 
 wood of the lance, emblem of chivalry; the Hickory of Ten- 
 nessee, rock-rooted, storm-defying, emblem of strength ; the 
 Bnckeye of Ohio, blooming and refreshing as woman, emblem 
 of beauty. Chivalry, Beauty and Strength, the Vine that 
 has its home on the hills of Ohio, Kentucky and Tennessee?, 
 shall twine arond them all, binding trunk and branch into an 
 emblem of Union — not the bundle of dry and sapless rods of 
 
134 
 
 the Roman Republic, but in a living fasces of perpetual 
 growth. 
 
 Ladies and Gentlemen. I was, as you all know, one of 
 the Committee of the Ohio General Assembly which went to 
 Louisville to invite our brothers of Kentucky and Tennessee 
 to visit our Capital. We went to the hall of their festivities 
 in the name of peace, speaking words of conciliation, and 
 holding out a pale flag of truce. We returned with them in 
 triumph, draped in the red, white and blue of the national 
 banner. They have gone with us to our seat of government: 
 they have broken our bread ; they have tasted our salt, and been 
 pledged in our full cup ; they have felt the warmth of our palms, 
 and the pulses of our hearts ; they have stood beneath our 
 dome, whose decorations showed to the upturned eye only 
 symbols of the Union ; they have stood in our legislative halls 
 before the Speaker’s marble throne, and beheld sculptured 
 there one emblem for the State and two for the nation. 
 
 We have been refreshed and gladdened with the presence 
 of our cousins of Tennessee and Kentucky, and hope they, in 
 turn, are content with us. We trust they will never regret 
 having left their logs unrolled, and their axes unground, to 
 come and spend a week with their federal relations. 
 
 Ten cars conveyed us to Columbus ; twenty cars brought us 
 back. In the grand proportions our movement has attained 
 in the congress of sovereignties, into which have swollen the 
 celebration of a railroad opening and a steamboat excursion, 
 we all seem to have forgotten the beginning. Our thoughts, 
 our feelings, our voices are given for the Union, and only for 
 the Union. I am well aware of the pacific influences of com- 
 merce. To be valid, every bond to keep the peace must have 
 a money penalty. The fiber of cotton which binds Great 
 Britain in amity with us, and the filament of silk which allies 
 us to Trance, are stronger than rods of steel or cables of iron. 
 There is much excellent harmony in the chink of silver ; there 
 is sweet music in the ring of gold ; but while by no means 
 despising the blessings of a barter of commdities, we have 
 found in this, our reunion, a nobler interchange of good will; 
 
135 
 
 a more fruitful commerce of love ; an immeasurable profit of 
 mutual esteem, confidence and brotherhood ! 
 
 The heart’s core of the West is henceforth inseparable. 
 Tennessee, Kentucky and Ohio have said it. What they say, 
 Indiana, Illinois and Missouri will swear to; and what those 
 six great powers vow to sustain shall stand, and not all the 
 powers of darkness may prevail against it. 
 
 The trinity of States has spoken to the Congressional dis- 
 organizers, who infest the national capital, in a voice, the 
 sound whereof shall shake them in their shoes, and the mean- 
 ing whereof is : “ Cease instantly your bickerings ; let each 
 faction call off its dogs and tie up its fools, and proceed to 
 business.” We will let them know, and we will let all who 
 inhabit that sterile tract of the Far East lying between the 
 mountains and the sea know, that there is a West, as sure as 
 there is a God in Israel ! 
 
 THE DEPARTURE. 
 
 At one o’clock, P. M., nearly all the members of the 
 Kentucky Legislature took their departure for their State 
 capital, on the Central Kentucky Railroad to Lexington, 
 on a special train placed at their service, by R. B. Bowler, 
 Escp, the Superintendent of the road. They were accom- 
 panied to the depot by the Committee of Arrangements 
 and members of the City Council, and were joined in Cov- 
 ington by large numbers of the citizens of that place. 
 Loud and hearty cheers greeted them as the iron-horse 
 sped away into the “ bowels of the land.” 
 
 The Tennessee delegation left on board the Jacob Stra- 
 der, a few hours later in the day, that leviathan steamer 
 having been detailed especially for this purpose. A large 
 concourse of people assembled to witness their departure, 
 and wish them a safe and pleasant return to their homes. 
 Their departure was signalized by appropriate leave-tak- 
 
136 
 
 ings. Flamen Ball, Esq., made the following short and 
 pertinent address on behalf of our citizens : 
 
 Ladies and Gentlemen of Kentucky and Tennessee : 
 
 When brother separates from brother, when sister parts 
 with sister, when friend removes away from friend, there is 
 but one word in our language which it pains the heart to ut- 
 ter. It has become my office now, as the humble representa- 
 tive of the men, the women and the children of Ohio, to pro- 
 nounce that w’ord : and now, enfolding you all in a fraternal 
 embrace, with sorrowing heart, I bid you all farewell, fare- 
 well, farewell. 
 
 This was fittingly responded to by Mr. Payne, of Ten- 
 nessee, and Mr. Whitten, of Kentucky, each of whom, on 
 the part of their respective representatives, returned thanks 
 for the cordial welcome that had been extended, and the 
 magnificent hospitality they had received during their visit 
 to Cincinnati. 
 
 About four o’clock the boat shoved out, amid the wild- 
 est and most enthusiastic cheers from deck and shore. 
 The Strader, graceful as a swan, first moved up the river 
 a short distance, and then turning, sailed past the city at 
 railroad speed. A fine brass field-piece had been brought 
 upon the Public Landing, and as the magnificent floating- 
 palace shot by, the echoes among the Kentucky hills were 
 aroused by its repeated discharges. At the first report, 
 the bells of a fleet of steamers lying in the river were set 
 in motion, and amid their merry peals, the reverberations of 
 artillery, the cheers of the crowd, and the waving of many 
 adieux, the steamer and our distinguished guests disap- 
 peared from view. 
 
 So ended, we trust with the happiest results, the most 
 imposing demonstration ever witnessed in the great Valley 
 of the Mississippi. 
 
APPENDIX 
 
 A “HOMEWARD BOUND ” INCIDENT. 
 
 Saturday evening, while the hours were wearing pleasantly 
 away in the cabin of the Strader, it was intimated that the 
 presence of all the guests was desired in the ladies’ cabin. 
 When that spacious saloon was crowded, Mayor Crawford 
 proposed to organize the meeting by the appointment of 
 Lieut. Gov. Newman, of Tennessee, as Chairman, which was 
 agreed to, and Col. James S. Wallace was designated as Sec- 
 retary. After a few pertinent remarks by the Chair, J. R. 
 Davis, Esq., of the Tennessee Assembly, offered the following 
 resolutions : 
 
 Resolved, That the generous courtesy and munificent hospitality extended to 
 us by the Louisville and Cincinnati Mail Line Company, deserve the most 
 cordial acknowledgement from the Representatives of Tennessee and Ken- 
 tucky, now its guests. 
 
 Resolved, That upon this neutral stream — the beautiful Ohio — the spectacle 
 now presented of a meeting of the people of different sovereign States, congre- 
 gated to express their attachment to the common Union, is a cheering type of 
 national perpetuity, and that as long as the Alleghany, Monongahela, Miami, 
 Kentucky, Tennessee, Cumberland, Muskingum and other streams, feed the 
 Ohio, so long the States from whence they flow will strengthen and swell the 
 rising tide of popular sentiment which first received its impulse at the city of 
 Louisville. 
 
 Resolved, That we express to Capt. Dittman and the officers of this boat, as 
 well as to the owners, our appreciation of the seamanlike manner in which 
 everything is regulated, and the high state of discipline manifested in every 
 department. 
 
 Resolved, That the personal urbanity, kind attention, provident foresight and 
 brotherly care of Capt. Z. Shirley, the President of the Company, have been 
 such as to merit our warmest thanks and place him first among males, as the 
 Jacob Strader is first among mail boats. 
 
 Dr. Richardson, of Tennessee, then called upon Captain 
 Shirley and addressed him as follows : 
 
138 
 
 In behalf of the States of Tennessee, Kentucky, and Indiana, I have the 
 pleasure this evening of returning you the sincere thanks of honest hearts 
 for the kind attention which you have given us in the excursion to Cincin- 
 nati. From the moment we came aboard your beautiful steamer at Louisville 
 until we landed at Cincinnati, we were the constant recipients of your kind- 
 ness, and nothing was left undone to make our trip pleasant and agreeable. 
 
 W e desire to express our appreciation of your attention and kindness to us, 
 however, in something more lasting than an ordinary tribute of words, and for 
 that reason I am directed by your guests to present you some silver plate, which 
 has been procured for the occasion, with an inscription expressive of the senti- 
 ments of the donors. We trust you will ever remember, when looking on these 
 beautiful presents, the friends whom you have so kindly served, the glorious 
 object of their visit to Ohio, their warm and sincere devotion to the Constitu- 
 tion, and their fervent prayers for the preservation of the Union. Take them, 
 then, as the gifts, free gifts, of your fellow-citizens, and hand them down to 
 your children as a tribute of our respect for your kindness, and of our esteem 
 for you as a gentleman. 
 
 This gift consisted of a massive silver pitcher, salver, and 
 two goblets, inscribed, “Presented to Captain Z. M. Shirley 
 by the Excursionists of the States of Tennessee, Kentucky, 
 and Indiana, as a testimony of his hospitality during the ex- 
 cursion, January 20, I860.” In accepting them, Capt. Shir- 
 ley regretted his want of oratorical power that he might do 
 justice more to his feelings on the occasion of a compliment so 
 delicately tendered. He disclaimed any special service, for 
 it was his pride and his pleasure to meet every citizen of Ken- 
 tucky, Tennessee and Indiana, in this great Union meeting, 
 and to tender them all the kindness and civility in his power. 
 He was proud of the compliment because he was proud of the 
 donors, and if he could find language to express his gratitude 
 for such an honor, he would still but feebly speak his thanks. 
 Captain S. referred to the hospitality of Nashville on the 
 opening of the railroad, and the warm greetings he had re- 
 ceived there, as the motive which led him to tender the use 
 of his boat for this excursion. The Captain, too, most gal- 
 lantly alluded to the presence of the ladies, to their restain- 
 ing influence on gala occasions like the present, and the hap- 
 piness he felt at having so many of them his guests on this 
 occasion. We must confess that we were unprepared for a 
 long speech from Captain S. We thought he would grace- 
 
139 
 
 fully acknowledge the compliment in a. few words ; but he 
 warmed up with his subject, was truly eloquent in his praises 
 of Nashville, and fairly inspired when he began to speak of 
 the ladies. After repeated outbursts of applause, he con- 
 cluded by again expressing his thanks for the beautiful testi- 
 monial, which he would always cherish and hand down to his 
 children as the evidence of one of the most gratifying inci- 
 dents of his life. Full of anecdote and appropriate illustra- 
 tions, the speech of Captain S. w~as a good one, and some of 
 our law-makers might advantageously take a lesson from him. 
 
 Gen. J. Lane, of Tennessee, was requested by the ladies to 
 respond to Capt. S., which he did in appropriate terms; and 
 then the meeting adjourned to the gentlemen’s saloon, where 
 sparkling Catawba flowed in copious streams for a long time. 
 The whole affair, thus extemporized, w T as a happy one. The 
 gift was beautiful ; the speeches appropriate ; the ladies clus- 
 tering around the saloon looked like bouquets of beauty ; and 
 as the noble steamer glided noiselessly down the Ohio, carry- 
 ing her rich freight of love and life and angelic sweetness, 
 we almost envied our friend Shirley as being the observed of 
 all observers, the favorite of the gentlemen and the pet of the 
 ladies. 
 
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