MINISTRY OF 
 
 RECONSTRUCTION. 
 
 3 94 - 0 .91 r 
 £? 73 8 r 
 
 REPORT ON THE WORK OF 
 
 THE MINISTRY 
 
 FOR THE PERIOD ENDING 31ST DECEMBER. IfllS. 
 
 
 LONDON: 
 
 PUBLISHED BY HIS MAJESTY’S STATIONERY OFFICE. 
 
 To be purchased through any Bookseller or directly from 
 H.M. STATIONERY OFFICE at the following addresses : 
 
 Imperial House, Kings way, London, W.C.2, and 28, Abingdon Street, London, S.W.l ; 
 37, Peter Street, Manchester ; 1, St. Andrew’s Crescent, Cardiff ; 
 
 23, Forth Street, Edinburgh ; 
 or from E. PONSONBY, Ltd., 116, Grafton Street, Dublin. 
 
 
 [Cd. 9231.] Price 6d. Net. 
 
 1919. 
 
MINISTRY OF RECONSTRUCTION. 
 
 ■ - | | 
 
 REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE MINISTRY. 
 
 For the period ended 31st December , 1918. 
 
 The accompanying Report on the work of the Ministry of Reconstruction is submitted to 
 Parliament in accordance with Section 2 (2) of the New Ministries Act, 1917. 
 
 VAUGHAN NASH, 
 
 Secretary. 
 
 CHRISTOPHER ADDISON, 
 
 Minister of Reconstruction. 
 
 31st December, 1918. 
 
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 Chapter I.—Introductory. 
 
 (1) The Ministry of Reconstruction was constituted under the New Ministries Act (7 and 8, 
 George V., Chapter 44), which received the Royal Assent on the 21st August, 1917. The Act 
 defines the duties of the Minister as follows :—(Section 2, (1)) “ to consider and advise upon the 
 problems which may arise out of the present war, and may have to be dealt with upon its termination ; 
 and for the purposes aforesaid to institute and conduct such enquiries, prepare such schemes and 
 make such recommendations as he thinks fit.” 
 
 (2) The proposed functions of the Ministry were further generally indicated in the speeches 
 made by the Home Secretary and the Solicitor-General on behalf of the Government in introducing 
 the P>ili (House of Commons, Official Report, 27th July, 1917). The Home Secretary said :— 
 
 The work (of the great business of Reconstruction) at present is to some extent scattered 
 among the different Departments, and nor fully co-ordinated. The questions which arise in one 
 Department are often closely connected with questions which arise more propeiiy in another 
 Department of work, and they ought to be considered together and not in water-tight 
 “ compartments. . . . There should be a Minister directly responsible to Parliament in this 
 
 “ connection, a Minister who shall frame and put forward schemes, and who shall be responsible to 
 “ Parliament for an explanation of the proposals that are made. . . . The Department 
 
 u will be mainly advisory. The Minister will appoint Committees, or take other existing 
 
 “ Committees, and receive their Reports. He will institute on his own initiative experiments on 
 “ matters connected with his functions. He will frame schemes for after-war action or for action 
 with a view to conditions which will arise after the war, and submit them to the Cabinet; 
 and he will indicate the Department by which those schemes can best be carried out.” 
 
 The Solicitor-General said:—(House of Commons, Official Report, 27th July, 1917) “ What 
 he (the Minister) is able to do is to make recommendations, and as a Minister he will have 
 “ access to the War Cabinet. Where, as is so often the case in these matters, it is desirable 
 “ that action should be taken without delay, there will be a ready means of communication 
 with the Minister who has all the threads in his hands, and the War Cabinet will then initiate, 
 it may be, a proposal for immediate legislation. My submission is that this scheme, a modest 
 scheme, a Ample scheme, is an important contribution to the task of dealing with the great 
 problems that must arise after the war. No one suggests that it is by itself complete. Nobody 
 “ suggests that it covers the whole ground. But, so far as the fundamentally important work of 
 “ stimulating, of advising, and of co-ordinating the work of the several Departments is concerned. 
 “ the Bill, in my submission, makes an important new departure. It is well to remember, and I am 
 “ sure the House appreciates the fact, that these problems with which the Minister of Reconstruction 
 “ will have to deal are not as a rule problems of one Department alone . . . they are inter- 
 
 “ departmental. They are problems in which many Departments are concerned, and, apart from 
 “ the work of initiation, apart from the work of stimulating and starting new points for consideration, 
 “ apart altogether from these immensely important tasks, there is the great work of co-ordinating 
 “ and bringing together the work which is done by the respective Departmental Heads.” 
 
 

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 (3) It will thus be seen that, at the time of the inception of the Department, it was not con¬ 
 templated that the Ministry should undertake any executive responsibilities which might conflict with 
 the proper functions of the responsible executive Departments. It was, however, contemplated that 
 the functions of the Ministry should cover administrative and advisory duties of a highly important 
 nature. The Minister was expected of his own initialive to stimulate the formulation of schemes, and 
 the opening of any antecedent investigations necessary for the purposes of Reconstruction. In other 
 words, the Minister was to make a comprehensive survey of the whole ground, and satisfy 
 himself that any immediately necessary action for the formulation of suitable schemes for dealing 
 with the various post-war problems was set in motion departmentally or otherwise. It was also his 
 function, when such schemes were formulated by the different Departments or Committees, to 
 co-ordinate the several proposals received for submission to the Cabinet. 
 
 (4) It may not be irrelevant at this point to record two general observations as to the methods 
 and conditions under which such a Ministry has perforce to operate. 
 
 First, at the initial stage of investigation, or original formulation of schemes for dealing with 
 post-war problems, it is in very many cases absolutely necessary to proceed by way of appointing a 
 Committee of experts on the subject. The questions are too large, and the different sections of 
 the community affected are too important for such matters to be adequately handled by any single 
 individual. Also, however carefully the terms of reference to such Committees are formulated, it 
 is impossible in every case to avoid a certain amount of overlapping or conflict in the recom¬ 
 mendations received upon certain subjects from different Committees. The Ministry itself has 
 often to supply the staff, and to collate the material upon which such Committees have, together 
 with the Departments concerned, to work ; and can thus, to a certain extent, co-ordinate their 
 activities while in operation. But it is inevitable that a further process of co-ordination within the 
 Ministry should take place when their recommendations have been received, and commented upon 
 by the executive Departments concerned. While every effort has been made to avoid the appoint¬ 
 ment of unnecessary Committees,* and to reduce Committee procedure to its simplest terms, with 
 a view T to securing early action on any reports received, it is inevitable that such procedure (with its 
 inherent complexities) should have played a large part in the w"ork of the Ministry, and that delays 
 should hav^. occurred in certain cases before effect could be given to the recommendations received. 
 By inviting the responsible Departments to take part in the preliminary Committee work it has often 
 been possible to secure agreement at an early stage. 
 
 Secondly, as regards the relations of the Ministry to schemes put forward by the several 
 executive Departments, it must be remembered that the process of negotiation and adjustment 
 leading up to an agreed policy necessarily takes place through the medium of inter-departmental 
 communications, or even Cabinet discussions w'hich, for obvious reasons, have to be treated as 
 confidential. On the other hand, w r hen a joint scheme or policy has been finally formulated and 
 approved by the Cabinet it is necessarily handed over forthwith to the executive Departments to carry 
 out. At this point it becomes public. It has, therefore, in many cases not been practicable to accord 
 to the work done by the Ministry of Reconstruction in the antecedent stages a complete, or even a 
 limited, measure of publicity, and the result is only seen at the stage, whether of executive action or 
 of legislation, at which the official operation of this Ministry ceases. It is the purpose of the present 
 Report to give, so far as possible, a comprehensive account of the activities of the Ministry during the 
 last year ; but it is obvious that any such account must be subject to the limitations imposed by the 
 above general conditions, and cannot include any detailed survey of much of the most difficult and 
 important work actually transacted wdthin the Ministry. 
 
 Development of the Organisation and Work of the Ministry. 
 
 J (5) The Ministry of Reconstruction, 'when its formation was approved under the Parlia¬ 
 mentary authority of the New Ministries Act of August, 1917, succeeded tw r o Committees 
 appointed at an earlier date to deal with the general problems of Reconstruction, -and took 
 over the results of their labours. The first of these was a Committee of the Cabinet, appointed 
 by Mr. Asquith in March, 1916, who, in turn, appointed Sub-Committees to deal with certain 
 aspects of the general problem which w T ere at that date apparent. The second was a Committee 
 appointed by Mr. Lloyd George in March, 1917 (under the Prime Minister as Chairman and 
 Mr. Montagu as Vice-Chairman) r which consisted of fourteen members with specialised knowledge, 
 who for general purposes were distributed into six panels, each dealing with a special range of subjects, 
 and w 7 hich also appointed Sub-Committees to deal with certain questions. 
 
 (6) The Ministry of Reconstruction, on its formation, had brought before it the-Reports of such 
 of the Sub-Committees of the previous organisations as had been completed ; and the operations of 
 such Sub-Committees as had not yet finally reported were continued in connexion w r ith the w r ork of 
 the new" Ministry. The Sub-Committees in question and their Chairmen w r ere :— 
 
 Agricultural Policy. (Lord Selborne.) 
 
 Demobilisation of the Army. (Mr. Montagu.) 
 
 Coal Conservation. (Lord Haldane.) 
 
 * A list of the Committees which have been appointed by the Ministry of Reconstruction (or by the Chairmen 
 of the two Cabinet Committees which preceded it), with their personnel and terms of reference, is given in 
 Appendix I. to this Report. 
 
 (21146) Wt. 39056—196. 4000. 2/19. D & S. (J. 2. A2 
 
 
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 Policy in regard to Aliens after the War. (Sir George Cave.) 
 
 Relations between Employers and Employed. (Mr. Whitley.) 
 
 • Women’s Employment. (Major Hills.) 
 
 Adult Education. (The Master of Balliol.) 
 
 Civil War Workers’ Demobilisation. (Mr. Gerald Bellhouse.) 
 
 Acquisition of Land. (Mr. Leslie Scott.) 
 
 Machinery of Government. (Lord Haldane.) 
 
 Local Government. (Sir Donald Maclean.) 
 
 It also received reports and memoranda by the staff and experts from outside on a variety of 
 subjects, including unemployment, changes in professional training and careers due to the war, public 
 works held back by the war, war controls, trade union law, emergency measures, and trade 
 combinations. 
 
 (7) It was, however, clear at the date when the new Ministry began to operate, that the 
 task of preliminary investigation in regard to many questions of Reconstruction must be pushed 
 further generally and specially developed in certain fields ; and the original organisation of the 
 Ministry was accordingly directed to this end. Two Joint Secretaries were appointed, and Assistant 
 Secretaries took charge of sections, dealing respectively (1) with Commerce and Production, (2) with 
 Finance, Shipping and Common Services, (3) with Labour and Industrial Organisation, (4) with 
 Rural Development, (5) with Machinery of Government (Central and Local), Health and Education, 
 (6) with Housing and Internal Transport ; and a staff of Intelligence Officers and Investigators was 
 appointed to pursue special enquiries in connection with the work of these Sections. 
 
 (8) During the earlier months of the Ministry, under the foregoing organisation, additional 
 special Committees were appointed to report upon the following subjects :— 
 
 The position of the Chemical Trades after the War. (Sir Keith Price.) 
 
 Development of new Industries in the Engineering Trades. (Hon. H. 1). McLaren.) 
 
 ,, ,, ,, ,, Labour Panel. (Sir Claud Schuster.) 
 
 Supply of Raw Materials. (Sir Clarendon Hyde.) 
 
 Trade Organisations and Combinations. (Mr. E. Shortt.) 
 
 Currency and Foreign Exchange. (Lord Cunliffe.) 
 
 Provision of Financial Facilities for Trade. (Sir R. Vassar-Smith.) 
 
 Financial Risks attaching to the Holding of Trading Stocks. (Mr. F. C. Harrison.) - 
 
 Supply of Materials to'the Building Trade. (Mr. J. P. Carmichael.) 
 
 Financial Assistance in connexion with Housing. (Mr. Henry Hobhouse.) 
 
 Rent and Mortgage Restrictions in relation to Working-Class Housing. (Lord Hunter.) 
 
 Legal interpretation of the term “ Period of the War.” (Mr. Justice Atkin.) 
 
 Special enquiries by groups or individuals were also instituted in relation to the following 
 subjects :— 
 
 Juvenile Employment, 
 
 Apprenticeship, 
 
 Village Industries. 
 
 Methods of Control in the Wool and Cotton Trades, etc. 
 
 (9) In January, 1918, the Minister, in order to secure some regular means of obtaining 
 practical advice on various important questions, arising in the course of the ordinary work of the 
 Ministry, created an Advisory Council, consisting of a panel of persons of mature experience 
 (not being present officials of any Government Department), on questions affecting the work of the 
 Ministry.* For working purposes, the Council was divided originally into four, and subsequently 
 into five Sections, dealing respectively with questions relative to :— 
 
 Section I.—Finance, Transport and Common Services. 
 
 Section II.—Production and Commercial Organisation. 
 
 Section III.—Labour and Industrial Organisation. 
 
 Section IV.—Rural Reconstruction (Agriculture, village life, &c.) 
 
 Section V.—Social Amelioration (Health, Housing, Education, &c.). 
 
 The Council thus constituted is not a body (comprising as it does many busy people from all 
 parts of the United Kingdom) which can conveniently, or usefully, meet as a whole ; but from 
 the outset periodical meetings of the Chairmen and Vice-Chairmen of the various Sections have 
 been held, for the purposes of direct consultation with the Minister and general co-ordination of 
 the work of the Council. The functions of the Council are strictly advisory, and consist in 
 reporting upon specific references from the Minister. But such references are suggested either by 
 the Minister or by the members of the Advisory Council themselves. It was hoped by the latter 
 provision to secure that the practical experience and knowledge of outside affairs possessed in a 
 high degree by the members of the Council might enable them usefully to indicate the class of 
 question to which the Ministry might devote its attention. In certain cases questions of general 
 
 '■ A list of existing members of the Council in their several Sections is given in Appendix II to the Report. 
 But it must be understood that it has been impossible to appoint representatives to the Council itself of all interests 
 affected by questions that may be discussed. The Minister has made additions to the Council from time to time 
 according to the development of the work of the Department, and the subjects upon which he requires advice!- 
 
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 interest are made the subject of reference to Sections of the Council sitting as a whole. On more 
 specialised questions references are given to Sub-Committees of the Council, consisting of 
 members of the appropriate Sections of the Council, and temporarily co-opted members 
 (including, where desirable, officials of Government Departments) who have special experience 
 in the subject of the particular reference. The Minister invited several representative and 
 experienced women to serve on the various sections of his Advisory Council and also set up a small 
 Women’s Committee in order that questions more particularly affecting women should be given 
 adequate consideration and that an opportunity should be afforded of bringing the experience of 
 women to bear on questions of general interest. In addition women officers were appointed in the 
 Branches dealing with industrial and social development. The w T ork of the Advisory Council has been 
 brought into due relation with that of the Department, and its services have proved of the utmost 
 value to the Ministry. 
 
 (10) By the latter part of March, 1918, the work of the Ministry appeared to have passed to a 
 large extent beycncl the sphere of initial enquiries and detailed investigations, whether by departmental 
 Committees or individual officials. The main problem had now become how best to focus the result 
 of such enquiries, or of schemes submitted departmentally, to a point at which definite proposals could 
 be submitted to the Cabinet for approval. The Minister found it convenient to arrange a re-organisation 
 of the work and staff of the Ministry to this end. The general principles of the consequent organi¬ 
 sation (which was approved by the Minister after an enquiry by the Treasury Committee on Staffs 
 of Temporary Government Departments in May, 1918) may be summarised as follows :— 
 
 A general responsibility for the work of the Department (including policy, administration 
 and organisation) was centralised in a single Secretary. The work of the Department was then 
 sub-divided between a General Branch (under a Principal Assistant Secretary, who was also 
 Secretary to the Advisory Council) dealing with matters of organisation, staff and miscellaneous 
 questions, and five Administrative Branches (each under a responsible Assistant Secretary) 
 dealing with a definite range of subjects, and corresponding generally with a Section of the 
 Advisory Council. 
 
 The five Administrative Branches in question were :— 
 
 Branch A (Transitional Economics) dealing with the general problems created by a War 
 shortage of supply, raw materials, tonnage, capital, &c., and any necessary measures 
 for control during the transitional period. 
 
 Branch B (Commerce and Production) dealing with the problems of increased production 
 and organisation for that purpose (including internal transport), and having regard 
 to the resources disposable in the transitional period. 
 
 Branch C (Labour and Industrial Organisation) dealing with questions affecting the 
 relations of employers and employed, conditions of labour, industrial training, 
 apprenticeship, welfare, child labour, &c. 
 
 Branch D (Rural Development) dealing with questions of agriculture, improved forms 
 of cultivation, increased food supply, reclamation, forestry, village industries, &c. 
 
 Branch E (Social Development) dealing with questions of health, local government, 
 housing, education and other matters relative to the changed conditions of life 
 (including social, as distinct from industrial, questions affecting the position 
 of women) in the transitional period. 
 
 (11) It was found convenient in the latter part of the summer to hold weekly meetings 
 of the Chairmen and Vice-Chairmen of the Sections of the Council instead of monthly meetings 
 as was originally arranged. Important memoranda are passed to this Committee for general review, 
 and, in certain cases, reports are obtained from them on specially complex questions. A similar 
 informal Committee* consisting of representative women members of the Advisory Council, meets 
 each week to give advice to the Department on the most practical method of approaching questions 
 affecting the position of women. 
 
 As regards organisation outside the department, several of the Government Offices have set up 
 their own machinery. The Ministry of Munitions established its own Council for preparing schemes 
 for the reinstatement of industry and like questions in 1917, and the closest relations have existed 
 throughout between the two Departments. As illustrative of the importance of this work it may be 
 stated that an enquiry has been carried out into the post-war requirements and supply of steel and 
 the Ministry of Reconstruction received further assistance in a series of recommendations for the 
 ultimate use of National Factories. The War Office, so far back as 1916, was actively working 
 
 * The Committee of Chairmen (when the Minister is not present) is presided over by Sir Henry Birchenongh, 
 K.C.M.G., Chairman of Section II, and is composed of the following : Mr. Arthur Allen, Mr. E. Bevin, Hon. 
 Herbert Gibbs, Mr. Lionel Hichens, Rt. Hon. Henry Hobhouse, Mr. Ernest Husey, M.Y.O., Sir Clarendon Hyde, 
 Sir Chas. Metcalfe, Bart., Rt. Hon. J. H. Thomas, M.P., and Mr. Leslie Scott, K.C., M.P. The Women’s Advisory 
 Committee is presided over by Lady Emrnott (Vice-Chairman Section V), and is composed as follows : Lady 
 Birchenough, Mrs. Streatfeild, C.B.E., Miss Harris, Miss Susan Lawrence, Dr. Marion Phillips, Mrs. Pember 
 Reeves, The Viscountess Rhondda, Miss Symons and Miss Margaret Tuke. 
 
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 on the various demobilisation schemes which have since been matured. The Admiralty also 
 set up a Reconstruction Committee to advise on the many readjustments which would be 
 required on the cessation of hostilities. And, from the moment it was established, the Ministry 
 of Labour has been concerned in making preparations for peace conditions. With all these 
 developments the Ministry has been closely in touch, and it should further be mentioned that the 
 important scheme of reorganisation carried out in the Board of Trade at the beginning of 1918, # and 
 expressly directed to enable the Board to meet new responsibilities after the War, has greatly 
 facilitated collaboration between the Board and the Ministry in arranging for adequate surveys of the 
 possibilities of industrial development in the future and in preparing the ground for any necessary 
 action by the Board as the executive Department of Government in this field. 
 
 Chapter II—Work undertaken by the General Branch. 
 
 (12) It may be convenient to describe the activities of the Ministry during the last year under 
 the general heads indicated by the division of functions between the several Branches. It is, 
 however, of course only possible, within the limits of such a report, to give a general indication 
 of the work done on certain of the more important questions dealt with by each Branch, 
 
 (lo) General Organisation .—This Branch is charged with the ordinary duties in regard to the 
 organisation of work and staff within the office, and with the necessary arrangements in regard to 
 accounts and estimates. 
 
 The question of the best methods for stimulating the formation of local organisations for 
 discussing Reconstruction questions has been referred for consideration to a Sub-Committee of the 
 Advisory Council on the footing that such organisations should, so far as possible, be of spontaneous 
 growth, and should themselves determine the extent to which they would resort to official sources for 
 information and assistance. 
 
 (14) Organisation of the Advisory Council .—It is one of the duties of this Branch to 
 co-ordinate the work of the Advisory Council with that of the several Administrative Branches of 
 the Ministry, and the general measures taken for this purpose have been described above. The 
 object of these arrangements is to reduce Committee procedure, in the case of the Advisory Council, 
 to a simple instrument for obtaining practical advice within a limited time for the Minister, on any 
 points that may arise in the work of the office. The following reports have been received :— 
 
 From the Chairmen .—‘ The best method of approaching the question of co-ordination of 
 “ Transport facilities within the United Kingdom. 
 
 “ An appropriate administrative machinery for dealing with Electric 
 “ Generation.” 
 
 From Section I .—“ Standardisation of Railway Equipment. 
 
 “ Excess Profits Duty in relation to Commercial Undertakings.” 
 
 From Section II .—“ The principles and machinery for the allocation of materials, &c., in 
 “ the transitional period. 
 
 “ Legislative arrangements to prevent Dumping.” 
 
 From Section III .—“The application of the principles of the Whitley Report to ( a ) The 
 “ Engineering and (b) The Railway Industries, including the question of making 
 
 . “ agreements mandatory.” 
 
 “ Prevention of abnormal unemployment among partially disabled Soldiers, 
 “ and depreciation of standard rate or underpayment of such men.” 
 
 “ Legislative action for restricting hours of labour for juveniles in occupations 
 “ not at present regulated by law.” 
 
 From Section IV .—“ Establishment of Information Centres in rural districts.” 
 
 “ The best method of attracting returning soldiers to the land.” 
 
 From Section V .—“ Housing plans from a housewife’s point of view.” 
 
 “ Co-ordination of authorities for vocational training 1 of women.” 
 
 Further references are awaiting report as follows :— 
 
 From the Women's Advisory Committee. —“ Methods of utilising the available supply of 
 “ labour for domestic service to the best national advantage.” 
 
 From Section II .—“ Methods for protecting the producers of the United Kingdom against 
 “ the introduction of sweated goods.” 
 
 From Section V .—“ Methods of assisting local Reconstruction organisations.” 
 
 “ The place of properly paid and voluntary women workers in subsidiary 
 “ health and kindred services.” 
 
 “ Certain questions relative to the position of women in the Civil Service.” 
 
 * Memorandum with respect to the Re-organisation of the Board of Trade (Cd. 8912), 
 
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 (15) Trade Organisation Section .—The Government having adopted as part of its policy of 
 Industrial Reconstruction the proposals of the Whitley Committee on the relations of employers and 
 employed, the Ministry of Labour was charged with promoting the formation of Joint Industrial 
 Councils on the lines recommended in that Report. But, in view of the fact that such Councils are 
 intended to be permanent, certain difficulties presented themselves, in the way of their rapid 
 formation, especially in the less organised industries. It was, however, realised that, pending the 
 formation of Joint Industrial Councils,* there were many problems for the effectual handling of which 
 within the industries, some immediate provision should be made, to meet the requirements of the 
 transitional period. It was agreed, in consultation with the Board of Trade and Ministry of Labour, 
 that the task of stimulating the formation of suitable Interim Industrial Organisations for the 
 purposes of Reconstruction should be undertaken by a special Section of the Ministry of 
 Reconstruction. 
 
 Apart from Joint Industrial Councils, it was recognised that there were, in certain industries, 
 existing organisations ( e.g ., Trade Boards and Control Boards), suitable for the purpose in view ; 
 and care was taken not to set up Interim Industrial Committees in cases where existing bodies of the 
 nature indicated were willing to undertake the work. 
 
 It was clearly indicated that Interim Industrial Reconstruction Committees, when once set 
 up, would be independent bodies responsible to the Trades represented by them, and should 
 themselves determine, subject to any general regulations laid down by the State, what functions they 
 should assume ; and what they should leave or delegate to other bodies. It was hoped (and in 
 practice the hope has been borne out) that the activities of such Committees would not be limited to 
 the questions upon which they were asked by the Government to advise and assist, but might extend 
 in any directions suitable for the development of the Industry as a whole. 
 
 In pursuance of this policy the Ministry of Reconstruction has so far been successful in securing 
 the establishment of Interim Industrial Reconstruction Committees, representative of employers and 
 employed, in the following Industries :— 
 
 Artificial Stone. 
 
 Baskets. 
 
 Blacksmiths and Farriers. 
 
 Brass and Copper. (Provisional). 
 
 Brushmaking. 
 
 Catering. 
 
 Cement. 
 
 Clay Industries. 
 
 Cocoa, Chocolate, Sugar, Confectionery and Jam. 
 
 Coopering. 
 
 Cotton Control Board. (The Board, with certain added representatives, has agreed to 
 undertake the functions of an Interim Committee). 
 
 Cutlery. 
 
 Envelopes and Manufactured Stationery. 
 
 Fertilisers (including sections for Basic Slag, Sulphate of Ammonia and Fish Guano). 
 
 Furniture Removing. 
 
 Glass. 
 
 Gloves. 
 
 Heavy Chemicals. (In this industry a Joint Industrial Council has been formed, and the 
 Interim Committee, on which the Council is represented, will deal only with Commercial 
 and Technical questions falling outside the scope of the Council.) 
 
 Iron and Steel Trades. (In view of the possibility of the early formation of a Joint 
 Industrial Council in this Industry the work of the Committee will be limited to 
 Commercial and Technical questions.) 
 
 Lead Manufactures. 
 
 Leather Production. 
 
 Music Trades. 
 
 Non-Ferrous Mines. 
 
 Packers. (Provisional). 
 
 Packing Case Making. 
 
 Paper Making. 
 
 Patent Fuel. 
 
 * At the date of this Report Joint Industrial Councils have been formed in the following industries:—Baking, 
 Bedsteads, Bobbins, Building, Furniture, Gold, Silver, Horological and Allied Trades, Heavy Chemicals, Hosiery, 
 Hosiery (Scottish Section), Leather goods and Belting, Matches, Paint and Varnish, Pottery, Rubber, Sawmilling, 
 Silk, Vehicle Building, Woollen and Worsted (Scottish Section). 
 
 Arrangements were also made for the Provisional Committees, which had been formed by the Ministry of 
 Labour to draft constitutions for Joint Industrial Councils, to assist with regard to the questions of Reconstruction. 
 Provisional Drafting Committees have been formed in the following industries :—Boot and Shoe, Cable-making, 
 Carpets, Commercial Road Transport, Elastic Webbing, Electrical Contracting, Electricity Power and Supply, Flour 
 Milling, Heating and Domestic Engineering, Municipalities Non-Trading, Needles and Fish-hooks, Newspapers, 
 Printing, Roller Engraving, Surgical Instruments, Tin Mining, Tramways, Waterworks, Woollen and Worsted. 
 
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 21146 
 
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 Petroleum Lamp. (Provisional). 
 
 Polish (Boot and Floor). 
 
 Quarrying. 
 
 Railway Carriage and Wagon Building and Repairing. 
 
 Safe, Lock and Latch. 
 
 Sugar Refining. 
 
 Wholesale Clothing. (Ladies’ Light Clothing). 
 
 Wire Drawing (Iron and Steel). 
 
 Woollen and Worsted (Wool Council.) (In view of the possibility of the early formation 
 of a Joint Industrial Council in this industry, the work of the Committee will be 
 limited to Commercial and Technical questions). 
 
 Zinc and Spelter. 
 
 The formation of these Committees has led to a great development of organisation both on the 
 employers’ and on the workpeople’s side in nearly every Industry already dealt with by the Depart¬ 
 ment. In some Industries there was practically no organisation when negotiations for the formation 
 of Interim Committees were started : in other cases the organisation was relatively weak or limited to 
 one section of the Industry. The development of organised bodies of employers and workpeople 
 which has been greatly facilitated by the formation of these Joint Committees represents an important 
 industrial advance. 
 
 Among questions that have been discussed by the Committees are the development of sources of 
 supply of raw material, additional outlets for the export trade, wage agreements and war bonuses, the 
 removal of Government restrictions and other matters relating to the progress of the different 
 Industries. Valuable advice and assistance has also been received in connexion with questions 
 relating to demobilisation including the release of pivotal men, the supply of raw materials, the 
 development of new industries or branches of industry, the position of women in industry and other 
 important subjects engaging the attention of different Government Departments. 
 
 (16) Miscellaneous Questions. —The General Branch deals with correspondence and official 
 action on any subjects which do not fall immediately within the scope assigned to any of the five 
 Administrative Branches. In certain cases matters of considerable importance have been dealt with 
 under this arrangement, and the following two examples may be instanced :— 
 
 (a) Land Acquisition Committee. —This Committee was appointed by the Prime Minister in 
 response to representations by the Chairmen of various Committees on Reconstruction (notably the Agri¬ 
 cultural Policy Committee and the Forestry Committee) that the schemes which they had in view could 
 not operate effectually unless some general measures were taken to cheapen and simplify the acquisition 
 of land for public purposes. A strong Committee of experts was therefore appointed (under the 
 Chairmanship of Mr. Leslie Scott, K.C., M.P.) with designedly wide terms of reference, “ to consider 
 and report upon the defects in the existing system of law and practice involved in the acquisition 
 and valuation of land for public purposes ; and to recommend any changes that may be in the 
 public interest.” The Committee came to the conclusion, at an early stage of the proceedings, that 
 the delays and expenses incident to the complexities of the system for obtaining powers for 
 compulsory acquisition were a vital obstacle to effective reform in this matter. They have 
 presented two interim Reports,* the first dealing with the Sanctioning Authority, and the second 
 with the methods and principles of valuation. These Reports are now under the consideration of 
 the Government. They are now engaged upon a further Report upon special aspects of the general 
 question in regal'd to Mining Wayleaves, &c. ; and will ultimately cover all questions of acquisition 
 and valuation of land or rights in land comprehensively. The question of simplifying the transfer 
 of title in connexion with the acquisition of land for public purposes is also engaging the attention 
 of the Committee. 
 
 (b) Imperial Mineral Resources Bureau. —It was resolved at a meeting of the Imperial War 
 Conference in April, 1917, to establish in London an Imperial Mineral Resources Bureau, upon which 
 should be represented Great Britain, the Dominions, India and other parts of the Empire. The 
 Bureau was to be charged with the collection of information regarding the mineral resources and 
 metal requirements of the Empire, and of advising what action might appear desirable to enable such 
 resources to be developed and made available to meet the metal requirements of the Empire. It was 
 recommended that His Majesty’s Government should, having due regard to existing institutions, take 
 action for the purpose of establishing such a Bureau, and submitting a scheme for the consideration of 
 other Governments summoned to the Conference. Dr. Addison, as Minister of Munitions, then 
 appointed an inter-departmental Committee, under the Chairmanship of Sir James Stevenson, to 
 prepare a scheme for the establishment of such a Bureau ; and action was subsequently taken by the 
 Ministry of Reconstruction upon the Reportf of this Committee, Following negotiations conducted 
 by this Ministry with the various departments and institutions affected, the Minister of Reconstruction 
 submitted to the Imperial War Conference in April, 1918, a scheme which was approved after 
 discussion at the Conference ; and the Ministry of Reconstruction was charged with giving effect to 
 it. Under this scheme the Bureau will be attached to the Privy Council, the Lord President of the 
 Council for the time being acting as President of the Bureau in order to secure proper responsibility 
 
 * 
 
 Cd. 8998, 9229. 
 
 t Not published. 
 
9 
 
 to Parliament for expenditure from public funds upon the Bureau’s work. The administration of 
 the Bureau will lie controlled l>v.a Governing Body representing the various parts of the Empire, as 
 well as the Mineral, Mining and Metal Industries. The representative of the United Kingdom 
 acts as Chairman of the Governing Body, which includes also representatives from Canada, the 
 Commonwealth of Australia, New Zealand, Union of South Africa, Newfoundland, India and 
 a representative of the Crown Colonies and Protectorates. There are, in addition, six members 
 selected by reason of their expert knowledge of mining and metallurgy from the industries 
 concerned. The Bureau is being incorporated by a Royal Charter defining its constitution and 
 duties, the details of which have been settled by the Governing Body* (who met for the first 
 time on lbth August, 1918, and have since held several meetings). 
 
 (17) Fisheries. —In view of the national importance of the Fisheries Industry, a Standing- 
 Conference composed of representatives of the English and Scottish Fishery authorities and 
 the Development Commissioners met periodically at the Ministry of Reconstruction and reviewed 
 the steps that appeared to be called for for the early re-instatement of ihe industry after the war. 
 The Conference also prepared a report in consultation with the Board of Trade and the Public 
 Works Loan Board making recommendations for the better administration of fishery harbours in 
 receipt of financial assistance from the Government. These proposals are now under the 
 consideration of the Departments concerned. It is regretted that the Irish Fisheries Authorities 
 found themselves unable, owing to pressure of work, to join the Conference. The Reconstruction 
 Committee of the Admiralty has been engaged on the special problems arising out of ' the 
 demobilisation of fishermen and the release and reconditioning of fishing boats requisitioned 
 by the Admiralty. As an illustration of the magnitude of the problem, it may be mentioned that in 
 Scotland alone 25,000 fishermen joined the Services, and 302 steam trawlers, 838 steam drifters and 
 liners, and 100 motor herring drifters were taken up by the Admiralty. With the assistance of 
 associations of fishermen and manufacturers complete estimates were made of the materials and 
 equipment required for re-instating the industry and creating a reserve ; and steps were taken by 
 the Departments to obtain priority for these supplies. 
 
 (18) Legal Questions. —A variety of legal points necessarily arise in connection with the 
 ordinary work of the Department and its Committees; and upon these the Ministry has had the 
 assistance from time to time of several experienced lawyers. Apart from these current questions, the 
 problems which will arise in relation to the continuance of temporary measures and the initiation of 
 new legislative proposals have received much attention from this Department. It has two aspects : — 
 
 (a) Simplification of Legislative Procedure. —On the one hand there is a large body of 
 constructive proposals of immediate importance, for wdiich early legislati ve authority is necessary if 
 any progress is to be made with Reconstruction. The consequent pressure of parliamentary 
 business will be very great ; and it was thought that, if possible, some simplification of procedure 
 ought to be obtained, even if only of a temporary nature, which would enable legislation to be got 
 through more expeditiously than can be hoped for under ordinary conditions. The Government, 
 however, decided that the time was not opportune to ask Parliament to make recommendations on 
 this question. 
 
 (b) Emergency Legislation. —In the second place it became clear at an early stage that the 
 large body of existing legislation of an emergency character passed during the war must be considered and 
 revised by Parliament before its termination. Most of these Acts confer powers upon Government 
 Departments and others, which will lapse at the termination of the war, or soon after ; but, although 
 primarily conferred for war purposes, many of these powers must be temporarily continued, in order 
 to provide the necessary control during the transitional period of demobilisation and Reconstruction, 
 when the situation will be almost as abnormal as that of war itself, although different in kind and 
 gradually diminishing in acuteness. Almost as soon as this aspect of the question was raised, it was 
 seen to be complicated by a doubt as to the legal meaning of the ‘termination of the war’ and many 
 similar phrases which have been largely used, both in Statutes and in private contracts ; and in July, 
 1917, a Committee, presided over by Mr. Justice Atkin, was appointed by the Attorney-General, 
 after consultation with the Minister of Reconstruction, to consider the legal interpretation of the 
 term ‘ Period of the War.’ This Committee made their first Reportf on the 12th January, 1913, and 
 afterwards issued three further Reports^ on the matters referred to them. Meanwhile, efforts to obtain 
 some action by Parliament were not relaxed, and ultimately, the Minister of Reconstruction 
 submitted to the Government the Report of a Conference arranged by him, and presided over by 
 Sir George Cave, which recommended the immediate appointment of a Select Committee of the 
 House of Commons. The result was that, on the motion of the Government, a Select Committee 
 under the chairmanship of Mr. Charles Roberts, was appointed on the 16th July last, ‘to take into 
 
 * The original members of the Governing Body are as follows :—(Chairman and representative of the United 
 Kingdom) Sir Richard Redmayne, K.C B., Dr. Willet G. Miller (Canada), Mr. W. S. Robinson (Commonwealth of 
 \ustralia), Mr. Thomas Hutchinson Hamer (New Zealand), the Right Hon. W. P. Schreiner, C.M.G. (Union of 
 South Africa), The Right Hon. Lord Morris, K.C.M.G. (Newfoundland), Mr. R. D. Oldham, F.R.S. (India), 
 Mr. J. W. Evans, D.Sc., LL.B. (Colonies and Protectorates), Mr. Westgarth Forster Brown, Professor H. C. H. 
 Carpenter, Dr. Z. H. Hatch, Sir Lionel Phillips, Bart., Mr. Edgar Taylor, Mr. Wallace Thorneycroft (expert 
 representatives), 
 t Cd. 9100. 
 
 ' 21146 A 5 
 
10 
 
 consideration the Report of Mr. Justice Atkin’s Committee, and matters connected therewith ; and to 
 report what provision should be made by Parliament for defining the meaning of the phrase ‘ end 
 of the war ’ and other similar phrases occurring in the War Emergency Statutes, and for extending 
 in whole or in part, or shortening the period of operation of the several Emergency Statutes, and 
 the several regulations made thereunder. On the 5th of August the Committee presented an 
 Interim Report,* dealing with the first part of the Reference, and stating that they agreed with the 
 view expressed by Mr. J ustice Atkin’s Committee, that the date of the end of the war, in relation to 
 the powers conferred by Emergency Legislation should be held to be the date when the treaty of 
 peace is finally binding on the respective belligerent parties ; that is, the date when ratifications of 
 the treaty are exchanged or deposited. 
 
 Soon after the issue of the Report the Minister of Reconstruction took action upon it, and 
 obtained the authority of the War Cabinet to introduce a Bill to give effect to the recommendations 
 of the Select Committee. Accordingly, a Bill was prepared, and introduced shortly before the pro¬ 
 rogation of Parliament, and became law in the Termination of the Present War (Definition) Act, 1918. 
 This Act, indeed, goes beyond the express recommendation ol the Select Committee, and enables His 
 Majesty in Council to declare the date of the termination of the present war, not only for the 
 purposes of any provision in any Act of Parliament, Order in Council or Proclamation referring to 
 the present war, but also, except where the context otherwise requires, of any similar provision in 
 any contract, deed or other instrument. The Committee regarded the question of contracts as 
 outside their terms of reference; but it appeared so desirable to get rid, as far as possible, of all danger 
 of litigation, that the Bill was extended to cover them. There remained for consideration and report, 
 the second part of the Reference to the Select Committee, dealing with the continuance of emergency 
 legislation after the termination of the war. 
 
 In order to assist the Committee, the Ministry of Reconstruction prepared a third edition of a 
 Summary of Emergency Legislation, which was originally prepared for the assistance of 
 Mr. Justice Atkin’s Committee and of the Departments affected. For the purposes of this 
 edition of the Summary, the views of all the Government Departments with regard to the 
 continuance of the Emergency Acts and Regulations with which they are respectively concerned 
 were collected and summarised ; and, in their Final Report, the Select Committee acknowledged 
 
 the assistance they received from the Ministry of Reconstruction in this way. 
 
 » 
 
 Moreover, in order to enable the Government Departments principally concerned in the 
 continuance of Emergency Acts and Regulations to appear before the Committee with some general 
 policy, which had already received the sanction of the Government, the Ministry of Reconstruction 
 arranged several Conferences between representatives of the Departments, at which a Memorandum 
 was prepared setting out the main lines of their proposals for the continuance of those Regulations 
 under the Defence of the Realm Acts, which they regarded as necessary after the war. 
 
 The Select Committee, however, found themselves unable to complete the work, owing to the 
 dissolution of Parliament; and, on the 18th November, they presented a Second Reportf explaining 
 what they had done, and recommending that a new Committee should be appointed immediately on 
 the meeting of the new Parliament to complete their task. 
 
 While recommending the appointment of a new Committee in the next Parliament, the Com¬ 
 mittee recognised that if the ratification of the Peace Treaty were reached at an early date, some 
 extension of Statutes and Regulations might become necessary, but they made no suggestion as to 
 how such extension should be obtained. Having regard to all the circumstances the Minister advised 
 the Government to appoint a Committee, composed principally of representatives of the Government 
 Departments chiefly concerned, with an independent Chairman of Cabinet rank, to make detailed 
 proposals showing exactly what enactments, Regulations and Orders must, in their opinion, be 
 continued in force after the termination of the war, and in each case for how long. This 
 recommendation has been carried out. 
 
 (19) Publications .—The Ministry have been strongly impressed with the desirability ot 
 affording the public clear and accurate information upon certain of the complex economic and social 
 questions coming within the purview of the Department. It has accordingly been arranged to 
 prepare and to make readily accessible to the public (in addition to the published Reports of Com¬ 
 mittees) a series ol pamphlets J on the more important problems of Reconstruction. These pamphlets 
 are written by experts in the subjects treated, and the information contained in them is carefully 
 checked in consultation with the Departments concerned. Pamphlets have already been issued upon 
 the aims of Reconstruction, Demobilisation of the Army and of the Navy (with a Guide to work 
 and benefits for soldiers and Civil War Workers), the Re-settlement of Civil War Workers and of 
 Officers, Raw Materials and Employment, New Fields for British Engineering, Housing in England 
 and Wales and Housing in Scotland, and Adult Education. 
 
 * H. C. 108. | H. C. 141. f A complete list of these pamphlets is given in Appendix III, 
 
11 
 
 Chapter III.—Work undertaken by the Transitional Economics Branch. 
 
 (20) The function of this Branch is to deal generally with the economic questions of supplv 
 and control created by the shortage of tonnage, raw materials and capital arising out of the war It 
 has been clear throughout that the shortage in question might involve some measure of continued 
 control m certain directions, for some period after the termination of hostilities. Durino- the war 
 control, which was vital for purposes of national defence, had, naturally, to be maintained" through 
 executive action It has, however, always been the aim of the Ministry that once the period of 
 danger was passed, such control as might still prove necessary for purposes of Reconstruction “should 
 pass, so tar as possible, into the hands of the industries affected. It was felt that on the cessation of 
 a state of war, specific controls incident to that sta:e should, so far as possible, be relaxed ; and 
 where continuance of such controls was desirable in the public interest, the proportion of the official 
 and commercial elements m the machinery of control should be re-adjusted to meet the changed 
 requirements of Reconstruction. 6 
 
 A considerable amount of correspondence and inter-departmental negotiation has been under¬ 
 taken in this Branch on such matters as the control of shipping, the rationing of industries, the 
 supph and control of raw materials, or materials • necessary for specific trades or of urgent 
 importance tor Reconstruction purposes (e.g. in the building trade), and any necessary provisions for 
 nancial control, or special iacilities to meet Reconstruction requirements in commercial, agricultural 
 or aclmimstrative fields The following examples may be cited of special aspects of such questions 
 to which the Ministry has devoted particular attention :— 
 
 Supply and Control of Materials. 
 
 (21) Central Committee upon Raw Materials. —At an early stage in the work ol the Ministry 
 it was recognised that the question of investigating the probable position with regard to the 
 nature and amount of raw materials available during the post-war period was of primary importance. 
 It was decided by the Government that the duty of regulating the distribution of raw materials in 
 the post-war period and of making recommendations in this connection should be in charge of 
 the Minister of Reconstruction acting in co-operation with other Departments, and thereupon a 
 Central Committee upon Raw Materials, under the Chairmanship of Sir Clarendon Hyde, was 
 immediately appointed to survey the ground. When it appeared that the work entrusted to this 
 Committee could be better effected by considering the different materials sectionally, the services of 
 individual members of the Committee were enlisted for the purpose of creating sub-committees of 
 experts to deal with the various materials or groups of materials separately. The general terms 
 of reference given to this Committee and its Sub-Committees were as follows :— 
 
 (1) To consider and report upon :— 
 
 The nature and amount of the supplies of materials and foodstuffs which, in their opinion. 
 
 will be required by the United Kingdom during the period which will elapse between the 
 
 termination of the war and the restoration of a normal condition of trade, and the steps which 
 should be taken to procure these supplies, having regard to :— 
 
 The probable requirements of India, the Dominions and Crown Colonies for such 
 . supplies at the close of hostilities. 
 
 flie probable requirements of belligerents and neutrals for such supplies at the close 
 of hostilities. 
 
 The sources from which, and the conditions under which, such supplies can be obtained 
 and transported, and'in particular, the extent to which they might be obtained through 
 fhe United Kingdon or within the Empire, or from Allied or Neutral countries.” 
 
 (2) To consider also whether any measure of control will require to be exercised, and the extent 
 and character of such control.” 
 
 Hie following main groups of materials were thus brought under review :— 
 
 (a) \ o?i-fenous Materials (Aluminium, Antimony, Copper, Lead, Nickel, Spelter, Zinc and 
 
 Tin). 
 
 fh ese materials was dealt with by separate groups of experts, all under the Chairmanship 
 of Mr. C. L. Budd., • 1 
 
 (b) Ferro-Alloys (lungsten, Molybdenum, Chromium, Vanadium, <fcc.). 
 
 These metals were dealt with by a single Sub-Committee (appointed on the nomination of all the 
 Krro-Alloy manufacturers), under the Chairmanship of Mr. F. W. Harbord. 
 
 . While in view of the many uncertain conditions it was difficult for these sub-committees to arrive 
 at figures for the probable post-war consumption of materials, they furnished information and 
 suggestions of great value in a variety of directions. Among other proposals, they recommended that 
 a Central Non-Ferrous Metals Committee (composed mainly of traders) and a Trade Committee of 
 eiio-Alloy manufacturers, should be set up to deal with these materials during the transitional 
 period. This recommendation was acted upon and the Committees have beemappointed to work 
 m close connexion with the Post-War Priority Standing Council referred to above. 
 
 ) Iron and Steel.-— The Ministry of Munitions, whose activities during the war had 
 necessarily given it an unique knowledge of the Iron and Steel position, prepared, at Dr. Addison’s 
 request, and presented through its Council Committee on Demobilisation and Reconstruction, a 
 
 (a) 
 
 W 
 
 (<0 
 
 a 
 
 to 
 
 21146 
 
 A f» 
 
12 
 
 most valuable Report on post-war Iron and Steel „ requirements. This report was submitted to 
 the large and representative Committee of the Iron and Steel trade referred to under Trade 
 Organisation above. The Standing Priority Council was therefore supplied with a complete and 
 accurate picture of the requirements and demands in these most essential materials. 
 
 (d) Leather. —A Trade Committee, formed with the assistance* of the War Office, undertook to 
 prepare a Report on the probable position with regard to Hides and Skins after the war, and a 
 Leather Council was formed representative of the existing controls, and all branches of industry 
 using leather in any form as a base material. 
 
 "(e). Wool. —In the case of the Woollen and Worsted Industry, it was felt that the Wool Council, 
 which was composed of representatives of the war control bodies and of all branches of the Industry, 
 would be in a position to furnish every assistance with regard to the supply and allocation of raw 
 materials in the post-war period. 
 
 (f) Cotton. —Similarly, the Cotton Control Board, with certain additions, had agreed to sit 
 as an Interim Industrial Reconstruction Committee for the Cotton Industry, and was clearly the 
 most competent body for dealing with these questions during the Reconstruction period. 
 
 The Ministry also had the benefit of Sir Henry Birchenough’s assistance in a special advisory 
 capacity with regard to textiles generally. 
 
 (g) Timber. —The Ministry had the benefit of the expert advice of Professor E. P. Stebbing, 
 who furnished a very valuable memorandum on future timber supplies. In view of the large 
 number of industries using timber as a raw material, the plan adopted has been to bring the 
 Industrial Organisations concerned into touch with the Timber Controller, who has uiken all possible 
 steps to reduce f the probable shortage. 
 
 (h) Building Materials. —The position of the Building Industry after the war, especially with 
 regard to materials, presented a special problem, and a most exhaustive enquiry was made by an 
 expert Committee, under the Chairmanship of Mr. James Carmichael. Their terms of reference were 
 as follows : — 
 
 (1) “ To inquire into the extent of the probable demands for building materials for all 
 
 purposes which will arise in this country during the transition period, and the extent 
 of the available supply and form of such material.” 
 
 (2) “ To inquire how far the quantities of material now available are capable of increase, 
 
 what are the difficulties in increasing them, and how these difficulties can be removed ; 
 and to report to what extent an increase in production will affect the price of 
 materials.” 
 
 (3) “ In the event of the supply of material or labour being insufficient to fulfil the total 
 
 building demand, to consider the principles and methods by which the priority of 
 various claims should be settled ; and to report what steps are necessary to ensure that 
 the manufacture of' the material, so far as it is at present inadequate, shall be extended 
 in time to secure sufficient quantities for use when required on the cessation of 
 hostilities, and to recommend what steps should be taken during the war to facilitate a 
 prompt commencement of building work at that time.” 
 
 (4) “ Generally to consider and report upon any conditions affecting the Building Trade 
 
 which tend to cause unduly high prices, and to make recommendations in regard to any 
 measure of control which it may be desirable to exercise over the purchase, production, 
 transport or distribution of material.” 
 
 (i) Raw Materials and Shipping. —Apart from the steps indicated above, the Ministry has kept 
 in close touch with the Ministry of Shipping in view of the essential, and possibly vital, connection 
 of shipping with the problem of raw materials. When it appeared that a forecast of the position 
 after the cessation of hostilities was practicable, a programme ot imports for the principal materials 
 was prepared, designed to provide for any deficiencies of stores necessary for industries during peace, 
 with special regard to those needed to provide early and widespread employment. After conferences 
 between the Ministry of Reconstruction, the Ministry of Shipping, and the principal supply Depart¬ 
 ments, this programme was put into operation immediately following the signing of the armistice. 
 
 (j) International and Imperial Aspects of the Raw Materials Problem. —It was manifest, however, 
 that the problem of securing and handling supplies of raw material for meeting the needs of the 
 United Kingdom required, in certain aspects, the co-operation not only of the Dominion Governments, 
 but also those of our Allies. 
 
 In this connection very valuable work was done by the Committee upon Trade Relations within 
 the Empire, under Mr. Walter Long, which prepared careful memoranda upon those materials in 
 which the Empire is primarily interested. These Memoranda, as distinguished from the Reports of 
 the Ministry ot Reconstruction Committees, dealt with the Imperial, not the domestic aspects of the 
 problem. Upon the basis of these, the Imperial War Conference drew up a Report, now under the 
 consideration of the Dominions Governments, embodying in the case of each material treated a state¬ 
 ment of the problem as it affects the Dominions. A Committee of Ministers (the Raw Materials 
 Committee ”) was thereupon formed to take such administrative action as was required upon a number 
 of important inter-imperial and inter-ally questions arising out of the acquisition and distribution of 
 materials throughout the world. 
 
 The functions of this Committee are clearly distinguishable from. those of the Post-War 
 Priorities Committee, which is concerned with questions not of supply, but of domestic allocation. 
 
13 
 
 Allocation of Raw Materials After ttie War. 
 
 (_2) Post-War Priority. One of the most important duties which fell to this Ministry was to 
 arrange, in concert with the Executive Departments, that the raw materials of Manufacture available 
 at the end of the war would be distributed in such a way ns to ensure that they were placed where 
 they were most needed and could be economically used for the re-establishment of the industries upon 
 which the wealth of the countrv primarily depends. The investigations made into the raw materials 
 position are dealt with in detail above, and concurrently with these the Minister called upon a Section 
 ot his Advisory Council to consider the following reference :— 
 
 U Upon the assumption that there wili be a shortage of certain raw materials after the war, 
 and . that it is desirable that trade organisations should be used as far as possible for the 
 administration of any regulations which may be necessary, the Council is asked to advise upon 
 the following points :— 
 
 (1) On what principles the State should proceed in determining the allocation of materials, 
 
 power and transport facilities among the several industries ; 
 
 (2) The purposes to which such allocation should be directed during the transitional period ; 
 
 ( 3) What form of Central Machinery would be most appropriate to control the allocation.” 
 
 This Section of the Council furnished a valuable Report,* upon the basis of which recommenda¬ 
 tions were submitted to and accepted by the War Cabinet. 
 
 Acting on the principle which has guided this Ministry throughout, a method was sought by 
 which, if it was necessary to continue control in any form, the responsibility for the exercise of such 
 control might be thrown upon the industries themselves. 
 
 It was recognised, however, that there were in existence bodies exercising the functions of 
 control and allocation which had acquired valuable experience during the war, and the Council 
 endeavoured to discover how far these organisations could be adapted to the requirements, and made 
 representative of, civil industries. The Council recommended that the existing organisations with all 
 the necessary re-adjustments should be used where possible in preference to the establishment of new 
 machinery. 
 
 Following the general lines of the Council’s report, the Government decided to establish forthwith 
 a Post-War Priority Committee consisting of Ministers and a Standing Council, parallel to the then 
 existing W ar Priorities Committee of the Cabinet and the Permanent Sub-Committee under it. The 
 Ministerial Committee was to determine the broad lines of policy with regard to priority, and the’ 
 Standing Council was to be responsible for consultation with, and securing the advice of, representa¬ 
 tive trade bodies, and for furnishing the Cabinet Committee with considered counsel and assistance in 
 the detailed execution ot the policy decided upon. The Council was composed of representatives of 
 Industry, Commerce and Labour with the addition of representatives of certain Government Depart¬ 
 ments directly concerned, and great care was taken to ensure that the persons selected had the full 
 confidence of the business and industrial communities whose interests they represented. For the 
 purpose of ensuring the operations of the gener&l principle referred to above, an instruction was 
 issued by the War Cabinet that on and after the declaration of an armistice with Germany the Central 
 Control of all relevant departmental controls, with the exception of that exercised by the Ministry of 
 Food, would devolve upon the Post-War Priority Cabinet Committee and its accredited representatives, 
 and the Departments would continue the executive exercise of control, subject to and in accordance 
 with, the directions of the Post-War Priority Committee. 
 
 One ol the tasks entrusted to the Standing Council on its inception, towards the end of October 
 last, was :— 
 
 “To survey the existing machinery of ... allocation and control of materials, and 
 see .... what modifications are desirable, and to what extent Government controls may 
 be devolved upon organisations of the Trades themselves.” 
 
 On the sudden cessation of hostilities the Council gave directions through the Departments 
 concerned that the various Control Boards, etc., should continue to operate for the time being, but 
 should deal as sympathetically as the circumstances permitted with individual applications for 
 materials, machinery, etc., for post-war work. It proved possible to remove control or to relax it 
 substantially in the case of many commodities, including iron and steel, certain non-ferrous metals, 
 flax, paper, timber, machine tools and motor engines. In the case of those commodities in which 
 control continued every effort was made to deal with the problem of supply on a broad basis, and the 
 more important “ Controls ” were instructed to get into touch with Trade Bodies representative of 
 each industry which absorbed a substantial proportion of the materials, etc., controlled by that organ¬ 
 isation, with a view to ascertaining whether the needs of each Trade were being supplied so far as the 
 available materials permitted. This plan had already been followed by several Control Boards with 
 satisfactory results, and it was anticipated that its general adoption would eliminate to a large degree 
 many of the difficulties by which industries were confronted so long as any form of control continued. 
 The Council also took steps to secure the modification of the Priority System. Outstanding 
 certificates issued in respect of war work were cancelled at the beginning of December and arrange¬ 
 ments were made for the early suspension of the system as a whole. 
 
 (23) Post-War Finance .—Large questions of post-war finance, involving, as they do, many intri¬ 
 cate problems, such as the manner in which the Currency note issue should be dealt with, problems in 
 
 * Not published. 
 
 A T 
 
 21146 
 
14 
 
 connexion with the restoration and maintenance of Foreign Exchanges, and the provision of Financial 
 Facilities for the reconstitution of Trade and Industry, could only be dealt with by bodies of experts: 
 Two Committees were accordingly formed, in consultation with the Treasury, for the purpose of ex¬ 
 amining these questions. (1) The Committee on Currency and Foreign Exchanges, under the Chair¬ 
 manship of Lord Cunliffe, and (2) the Committee on Financial Facilities, under the Chairmanship 
 of Sir Richard Yassar-Smith. Both Committees have issued reports, the former on Currency, 
 leaving the question of Foreign Exchanges to be dealt with in a future report, and the latter upon 
 the general question of credit facilities. The outstanding feature of these reports, which are both 
 unanimous, is that both Committees point out very clearly the dangers arising out of the present 
 inflation of credit, and both of them urge the restoration of an effective Gold Standard, in order to 
 impose an effective and automatic check upon credit expansion, which has now reached a dangerous 
 point. The Reports of both these Committees have been published.* Another important question, 
 which more intimately concerns manufacturers, is the question of prices of raw material, now at an 
 abnormal height. What is to be the future course of these prices ? If there should be a sudden fall, 
 how are manufacturers to guard against losses, possibly ruinous losses ? Questions such as these are 
 bound up with questions of currency and credit expansion, and moreover are intimately connected with 
 problems relating to taxation and depreciation allowances, and more particularly to the effect upon 
 industry generally of the Excess Profits Duty. Here again it was thought best to form a Committee 
 of the Council, under the Chairmanship of Hon. Herbert Gibbs, to examine the whole problem. 
 
 After consultation with the Treasury and the Board of Trade, the Committee on Financial Risks 
 attaching to the holding of Trading Stocks, was appointed under the Chairmanship of Mr. F. C. 
 Harrison and representatives of the Board of Trade and the Inland Revenue were also added. This 
 Committee has now issued its Report,f and judging by the number of witnesses who have appeared 
 before it, it is clear that the problem with which it has to deal is one which the manufacturers 
 regard as of the first importance and of great urgency. 
 
 Chapter IV—Work undertaken by the Commerce and Production Branch. 
 
 (24) This Branch deals with questions of production and improved commercial organisation to 
 secure increased production under the conditions likely to arise (so far as can be foreseen) during the 
 transitional period. Questions of internal transport, power and storage, as essential elements in the 
 problem of extended and cheapened production, are also dealt with in this Branch. It will be realised 
 that the ultimate solution of such problems generally, and in many cases the initiation of any practical 
 action in connexion therewith, must depend upon conditions that will not fully declare themselves, or 
 upon decisions cf large questions of policy which cannot be reached, pending the conclusion of 
 peace. Conferences have been held with other departments, aud memoranda have been prepared, 
 on such questions as Overseas Orders, Import of Meat Supplies, Utilization of National Factories, 
 Post-War Requirements of Industry, Research in relation to Industry, and the like. 
 
 (25) A considerable proportion of the time of the officials of this Branch has been occupied in 
 dealing with personal and written applications from commercial men for advice on schemes for 
 developing their business after the War, or information as to the appropriate Department or 
 authority to deal with specific points of difficulty encountered in the course of their business. It seems 
 impracticable, under the present changing conditions from day to day of the activities of the various 
 Government Departments, and the relaxation, or the reverse, of various official restrictions to compile 
 any comprehensive guide to Government Departments for the use of commercial men, though an 
 attempt has been made to collate such information upon certain matters in the series of pamphleti^ 
 and leaflets issued by the Ministry of Reconstruction. 
 
 Commercial Organisation. 
 
 (26) Action on the Balfour of Burleigh Reports .§—The important Committee (appointed by 
 Mr. Asquith in July, 1916), under Lord Balfour of Burleigh, upon Commercial and Industrial Policy 
 after the War, reported in February, 1918. Action upon many of their recommendations involved 
 large questions of policy, or fell wholly within the sphere of existing Executive Departments. But, 
 in certain cases, it has been found possible to develop their proposals further in a practical manner 
 upon the initiative of the Commercial Branch of the Ministry of Reconstruction, e.g., 
 
 (a) Trade Associatio?is ana Comidnations. —A Committee (originally under the Chairman¬ 
 
 ship of Mr. Edward Shortt, K.C., M.P., and subsequently of Mr. C. A. McCurdy, M.P.) 
 was appointed by the Minister of Reconstruction in 1918 “to consider and report 
 “ what action, if any, may be necessary to safeguard the public interest, in view of 
 “ the probable extension of Trade organisations and combinations.” This Committee < 
 has prepared a draft Report, which is now under consideration by the members. 
 
 (b) Essential Industries Board. —A Sub-Committee of Section II of the Advisory Council was 
 
 appointed “ to advise as to the nature and constitution of the Board suggested 
 “ (in the Interim Report|| on Essential Industries of Lord Balfour of Burleigh’s 
 
 * First (Interim) Report or the Committee on Currency and Foreign Exchange. (Cd. 9182). 
 
 Report of the Committee on Financial Facilities. (Cd. 9227). 
 
 1 Cd. 9224. f See Appendix 111. § Final Report Cd. 9035. || Cd. 9032. 
 
15 
 
 “ Committee) or of other machinery for dealing with the industries in question, 
 « W Gr Wlth su ^g' e ® tlons for directions, if any, arising out of the recommendations of 
 fhe Report which might be given to the Board on its establishment.” 
 
 ihe confidential Report of the Sub-Committee was received on the 8th July, 1918 • 
 and, following further departmental consideration of the matter, modified proposals 
 were submitted to the Government for establishing an Essential Industries Board. 
 
 (c) Anti-Dumping Legislation. —A reference was given to Section II of the Advisory Council 
 
 on 20th June, 1918, in the following terms :—“ To consider the recommendations of 
 t£ Lord Balfour of Burleigh’s Committee that legislative action should be taken for the 
 prevention of dumping, and to advise as to the precise character of such legislation.” 
 
 Ihe Report of Section II on this reference was received on the 17th October,°1918, and 
 pioposals on this subject have been submitted to the Government. 
 
 (d) Protection to Producers against Importation of Sweated Goods.—A further reference 
 
 to Section II of the Advisory Council was given on 20th June, 1918, “ to consider 
 what steps, if any, should be taken to give effect to the view of Lord Balfour of 
 “ Burleigh’s Committee that the producers of this country are entitled to be protected 
 U m their home market against the introduction of sweated goods.” The Report of 
 the Section upon this reference is expected shortly. 
 
 (27) Company Law ( Amendment ) Committee.—A Committee was appointed by the Board of 
 
 Trade on the 27th February, 1918, under the Chairmanship of Lord Wrenbury, 
 “ to enquire what amendments are expedient in the Companies Acts, 1908 to 1917’ 
 “ particularly having regard to circumstances arising out of the war and of the develop- 
 “ m ents likely to arise on its conclusion, and to report to the Board of Trade and to the 
 “ Ministry of Reconstruction.” The Committee reportedf on the 15th July, 1918, 
 and its recommendations are now under the consideration of the Government. 
 
 (28) Establishment of New > Industries after the War.— Special attention has been devoted 
 to the pioblem in connexion with the case of the Engineering Trades which have been largely 
 dislocated by the Wan Following a general recommendation by a Committee on the Engineering 
 
 rade (undei the. Chairmanship of Sir Clarendon Hyde) the Minister of Reconstruction appointed 
 a Committee of experts (under the Chairmanship of the Hon. H. D. McLaren, M P.) 
 known as the Engineering Trades (New Industries) Committee. The Committee were 
 mstiucted . to compile a list of articles suitable for manufacture by those with engineering 
 trade experience or plant, which were either not made in the United Kingdom before the War 
 or were made in small and insufficient quantities, and for which there is likely to be a considerable 
 demand after the War.” The Committee were further to classify such articles as were capable of 
 being made by (1) women, (2) men and women, and (3) skilled men ; and to set out the industries 
 to which such new manufactures could suitably be attached ; and to make recommendations fa) on 
 t e establishment and development of such industries by the transfer of labour, machines and 
 otherwise ; (b) as to how such a transfer could be made, and what organisation would be required 
 
 oi that purpose, with due regard to securing the co-operation of Labour. The Committee has had 
 the advantage, from the outset, of working with the assistance of a Labour Advisory panel ; and 
 after drawing up a provisional list of articles in common demand (which were either not made in the 
 United Kingdom before the war, or were made in insufficient quantities), they divided the list into 
 15 sections, and set up Branch Committees (each under the presidency of a member of the Main 
 Committee) ^to ^ deal with each Section, viz. (1) Wire Machinery, (2) Printing Machinery, 
 A/r Ulinters General Machinery, (4) Paper-making Machinery, (5) Leather Manufacturing 
 Machinery, (6) lextile Machinery, (7) Light Section Rolling and Drawing, (8) Agricultural 
 Machinery’. (9) Aircraft, (10) Hollow-ware and Pressed Work, (11) Electrical Apparatus, 
 (12) Scientific Apparatus, (13) Miscellaneous Machinery, (14) Machine Tools, (15) Motor Industry. 
 
 It may be noted that, apart from ordinary arrangements for collecting information and co¬ 
 ordinating the work of these Branch Committees, the Commercial Branch of the Ministry of 
 econstruction has been instrumental in obtaining priority certificates for materials necessary for 
 expeiiments. For example, sufficient materials have been obtained for every firm in the motor 
 industry to make two examples of all their post-war models, with 20,000 gallons of petrol for the 
 testing of such models ; and materials have similarly been obtained for experimental models of 
 various kinds of. new textile machines, suction gas plant and other engineering products. Firms 
 making preparations for post-war industries have further been assisted to obtain facilities in 
 connexion with shipping, passports, import restrictions, and other matters. 
 
 All the Branch Committees have now reported, and the ReportJ of the Main Committee based 
 on them has been published. 
 
 (29) Developrment of Power for Commercial Purposes. — (a) As regards the development of 
 Electric Power in the United Kingdom, the Reports of various Committees on the subject fe.g ., the 
 Committee on Electric Power Supply§, presided over by Sir Archibald Williamson, the Report of the 
 Board of Trade Committee on the Electrical Trades||, and the Interim Report of the Sub-Committee 
 
 u un 0 P ° Wer Conservation Committee)^ have been considered in the Ministry, 
 
 and the Committee of Council Chairmen submitted a valuable Report* on the whole question. 
 
 * Not published. t Cd. 9138. { Cd. 9226. § Cd. 9062. (1 Cd. 9072. 
 
 ^ Cd. 9084 contains all the Reports of the Coal Conservation Committee. 
 
 A 8 
 
 21146 
 
16 
 
 (b) Water Power. —A Committee was appointed by the President of the Board of Trade, 
 jointly with the Minister of Reconstruction, in June, 1918, “to examine and report upon the Water 
 “ Power Resources of the United Kingdom and the extent to which they can be made available for 
 “ industrial purposes.” The Commercial Branch of the Ministry has been co-operating actively 
 with the work of this Committee. A Report from the Committee is expected early in the New 
 Year, collating the results of special reports by expert engineers on the available water power in 
 the United Kingdom. Arrangements have been made for certain matters relative to property 
 questions and riparian rights (over which the Committee apprehend difficulties as regards future 
 development of water power) to be taken up at once by a special Sub-Committee of the Land 
 Acquisition Committee. 
 
 (30) Coal Conservation and Mining Questions. —Various proposals in regard to the development 
 of the Mining Resources of the United Kingdom have been considered in this Branch, and a sum 
 of £15,000 was authorised by the Cabinet for expenditure by the Ministry of Reconstruction in 
 connexion with experimental borings for coal in the neighbourhood of Lough Neagh in Ireland. 
 The experiments were commenced in December, 1918, through the medium of an expert staff under 
 the supervision of Sir Lionel Phillips, of the Ministry of Munitions, and are proceeding. 
 
 The Coal Conservation Committee (under Lord Haldane) presented their Final Report* on the 
 23rd January, 1918, submitting the completed reports of xhe several Sub-Committees. The 
 Carbonisation and Metallurgical Sub-Committees approached the Department of Scientific and 
 Industrial Research ; and, as a result of negotiations, the Fuel Research Board was established. 
 The Report of the Power Generation Sub-Committee has been dealt with as indicated above in 
 connexion with the general question of electric power supply. The Reports of the Geological and 
 Mining Sub-Committees are receiving attention. The Chairman (Sir Adam Nimmo) and two expert 
 representatives of the latter Sub-Committee have been appointed to a Sub-Committee of the Land 
 Acquisition Committee, whose reference is as follows : — 
 
 “To consider and report :— 
 
 “1. Whether, and if so, to what extent, the general principles appropriate to the Acquisition 
 “ and Valuation of land for public purposes should be applicable to the special case of mines and 
 “ minerals. 
 
 “ 2. What action is desirable to meet the difficulty of obtaining on reasonable terms :— 
 
 “ (a) Wayleaves both above-and below ground. 
 
 “ (b) Surface Rights. 
 
 “ when such Wayleaves or Surface Rights are required for the erection or extension of 
 “ plant or premises in connexion with the development of the nation’s mineral resources. 
 
 “ 3. Generally, whether any, and if so, what, action is desirable to limit or extinguish the 
 “ loss to the nation occasioned by leaving valuable products in mines for the purpose of supporting 
 “ the surface or as barriers, or by being landlocked, or by restricting covenants or otherwise. 
 
 “ 4. What changes are advisable in the law in connexion with questions of support.” 
 
 The report ol the Sub-Committee has been awaiting the result of negotiations between repre¬ 
 sentatives of the Coal-owning and Railway interests initiated by the Sub-Committee in connexion 
 with the Howley Park decision, and it is hoped that it will be presented early in the New Year. 
 
 (31) Internal Transport. —Investigations which had been begun at the time of the 
 creation of the Ministry on various aspects of the general question of internal transport reached, early 
 in the year 1918, a stage at which it became clear in what directions further action was desirable. 
 Comprehensive memoranda were prepared upon such questions as the position in regard to Canals, 
 etc., the Development of Light Railways and Tramways (particularly as regards Light Railways of 
 less than the normal gauge as a means for increasing transport facilities in rural areas), the restoration 
 of roads, and the franchise or use of roads for motor vehicles. A Reportj* was also obtained from 
 Section I of the Advisory Council on the subject of standardisation of Railway Equipment. The 
 Minister accordingly asked the Chairmen of the Advisory Council to report upon the best method of 
 approaching the question of the development of transport facilities as a whole in the United Kingdom, 
 and ensuring that the most suitable form of transport in each particular case had a fair chance of 
 development. The Chairmen submitted in May a confidential report, stating the general problem 
 relative to transport co-ordination, and recommending that a strong Committee should be appointed 
 to advise whether, and to what extent, it might be practicable to set up a Central Machinery for the 
 co-ordination of the various services ; and, in particular, to report what further steps should be taken 
 to deal with the problem in relation to the case of roads and rural areas. It was subsequently agreed 
 that the whole question should be dealt with in the first instance by the Select Committee on Trans¬ 
 port set up by the House of Commons in July. ‘The information collected in the Commercial Branch 
 of the Ministry was placed at the disposal of the Select Committee, and liaison officers have since been 
 keeping touch between the work of the Committee and of this Branch. 
 
 (32) Storage Question. Storage and Transit Committee. —The difficulties of storage in relation to 
 Transport that must arise on the termination of hostilities engaged the attention of the Ministry at 
 an early date. The problem lies in the fact that, on the cessation of the flow of War Stores, etc., 
 through the commercial warehouses and docks to the war zones, provision must be made for a return 
 flow of demobilised stores and goods required for peace consumption at a time when storage facilities 
 
 Cd. 9084. 
 
 t Cd. 9193. 
 
17 
 
 \vill be urgently required for the re-establishment of ordinary import and export trade. An inter¬ 
 departmental Committee, termed the Storage and Transit Committee, was appointed by the Minister 
 of Reconstruction in June, 1918, under the Chairmanship of Sir Charles Metcalfe, and including 
 representatives of all Government Departments occupying storage at ports and elsewhere. The 
 Committee s work has mainly lain in making arrangements, through the Departments concerned, for 
 the evacuation of commercial storage at the ports and on the railways which have been occupied during 
 the War by War traffic. These arrangements have been based upon returns of the commercial storage 
 occupied, which have been made by the Port Authorities and the Railway Companies, and upon the 
 desired order of priority of release which these returns indicate. One of the most valuable parts of 
 the Committee s work has beeli the provision for the accommodation of Ordnance and other stores, 
 which are nowin France, or occupying commercial storage in this country, in three of the largest 
 National Factories at Chilwell, Aintree and Georgetown, which will become permanent Ordnance 
 Depots for the Army Commands in which they are respectively situated. The transfer of these 
 factories has been agreed to by the Ministry of Munitions, and is now proceeding. 
 
 1 he Storage and Transit Committee have now been given executive powers for the allocation of 
 available surplus storage between Departments requiring it, for which purpose they report to 
 the Board of Trade, as an executive Department. They still, however, remain in being as a 
 Committee of the Ministry of Reconstruction, for the purpose of reporting on any general problems 
 arising in this connexion, upon which further advice or concrete plans have not been fully 
 prepared. 
 
 (lo) Disposal of War Stores .—Suitable arrangements for dealing with the problem of 
 disposal of the large quantities of surplus War Stores left in the hands of the various Government 
 Departments at the end of the War have engaged the earnest attention of the Ministry from 
 its inception. The Government decided, shortly before the Ministry was constituted, that there 
 should be a single authority to dispose of all Government Stores at the end of the War ; and the 
 Minister of Reconstruction appointed in September, 1917, a “Surplus Government Property 
 “ Advisory Council,” including prominent men of affairs, Labour representatives, and officials of the 
 Departments chiefly concerned (under the Chairmanship of Lord Salisbury) with the following 
 reference : — 
 
 “ To expedite the preparation of any necessary inventories of property and goods of all 
 “ descriptions held by Government Departments, and to consider and advise upon the disposal, 
 “ or alternative forms of use of any property or goods which have, or may become, on the termination 
 “ of the War surplus to the requirements of any Department for the purposes of that Department.” 
 
 The question of a suitable organisation for the actual disposal of such surplus stores was also 
 considered in consultation with the Ministry of Munitions and other departments concerned, and, 
 on the 4th March, 1918, the functions of the Surplus Government Property Advisory Council and 
 of a Surplus Government Property Disposal Board were defined by Order in Council. To the 
 Advisory Council were to be reported all stores and Government property (except Shipping and 
 Government Factories) being property acquired for the purposes of the Departments controlling 
 it, in order that the Council might, subject to the direction of the Minister of Recon¬ 
 struction, consider and advise as to the manner in which such property should be dealt with, 
 whether by the transfer thereof to some other Department, or by the sale or disposal thereof to 
 Public authorities or other persons. The Surplus Government Property Disposal Board were 
 established for the purpose of carrying into effect the recommendations of the Surplus Government 
 Property Advisory Council as to the disposal (on behalf of and^in consultation with the re°pective 
 Government Departments having control thereof) of any such property as might be notified to them 
 for disposal, with power on the part of the Board to enter into negotiations and conclude contracts 
 for the purpose. The Chairman of the Disposal Board was Sir Howard Frank (Vice-Chairman of the 
 Advisory Council), with whom were associated representatives of the Departments concerned, and 
 certain distinguished business men. 
 
 The Advisory Council, from the date of their original appointment, had been active in making 
 arrangements for'the preparation of inventories of surplus stores. Although, for obvious reasons, it 
 was impossible to collect any substantially complete information on the subject, pending the termina¬ 
 tion of hostilities, they succeeded in drawing up preliminary lists of the different categories of property 
 for disposal, and these were circulated, shortly after the constitution of the Disposal Board by the 
 Order in Council, to all the Public Authorities (Government Departments, Local Authorities and 
 Overseas Governments and Dependencies), to whose demands the Council were directed to give 
 primary attention, with a view to public requirements having a first claim upon the available stores, 
 under the terms of theOrder in Council. Special attention was given to arrangements for disposal 
 of Army Horses and Mules, Motor Vehicles and Agricultural Stores in connexion with Reconstruc¬ 
 tion requirements, and to testing the openings for general disposal of stores in France and in Eastern 
 markets. Specific recommendations were made for the sale of property actually reported for disposal 
 to an estimated value of half a million sterling ; and the Disposal Board effected large sales in 
 different parts of the country. 
 
 It was found, however, that the constitution of the Disposal Authority did not facilitate rapid 
 action or the maintenance of smooth relations with the Departments concerned. 
 
 The Minister suggested that the difficulty might be met by the constitution of an independent 
 statutory Commission, reporting directly to the Treasury; but it was ultimately decided that the 
 
 21146 A 9 
 
IS 
 
 whole of the responsibility for the disposal of Stores should be transferred to the new Ministry of 
 Supply operating through a nucleus of staff obtained from the Departments ot the Ministry of 
 Munitions, which had special experience in dealing with such matters. 
 
 (34) Disposal of Government Factories .—The disposal of Government factories did not, in 
 accordance with the decision of the War Cabinet, fall within the jurisdiction of Lord Salisbury’s 
 Advisory Council on the Disposal of Surplus Government Property. It was subsequently decided, in 
 accordance with proposals submitted by the Minister of Reconstruction, that these properties should 
 be disposed of through the ordinary departmental machinery of the Ministry of Munitions, with the 
 sanction of the Treasury and the concurrence of the Minister of Reconstruction. Under certain 
 general principles factories were divided into the following four categories :— 
 
 A. Factories which it might prove necessary to retain permanently, as munition factories, 
 
 , or for other public purposes, either wholly or in part. 
 
 B. Factories suitable for eventual disposal or use as industrial concerns. 
 
 C. Establishments not suitable for industrial purposes but which would probably be required 
 
 during the transition period as stores or magazines, or for breaking down ammunition. 
 
 D. Factories and establishments which would revert to their original owners and to their pre¬ 
 
 war uses on the cessation of hostilities or soon after. 
 
 Concrete proposals were put before the War Cabinet for the utilisation of the various classes of 
 factories enumerated above. 
 
 Chapter V.— 'Work undertaken by the Labour and Industrial Branch. 
 
 (35) This Branch is concerned with all questions concerning labour and industrial organisation 
 during the transition period from war to peace and in the subsequent reconstruction period. It was 
 clear from the outset that the problems of the transition were different in character from those of the 
 more normal situation which would probably prevail after demobilisation was complete. A pre¬ 
 liminary division therefore was made in the subjects to be dealt with ; and measures for resettlement 
 were distinguished as far as possible from the permanent policy regarding labour when industry had 
 completely returned to its peace organisation. 
 
 The first problem which was considered was that of the demobilisation of the Army and the 
 reinstatement of members of the Forces in civil life. The second problem concerned the resettlement 
 of the civilian war workers. Both these questions involved the preparation of a forecast of the 
 probable industrial situation at the end of the war and the framing of a policy for immediate 
 application as soon as hostilities ceased. The third problem related to the establishment of new 
 industrial standards and conditions of employment as an integral part of a national policy directed 
 towards the fullest utilisation of the experience of the War and the eradication of the industrial 
 evils and defects of the past. 
 
 The enquiries and reports of the committees on the Demobilisation of the Army, the Relations 
 between Employers and Employed, Civil War Workers, Women’s Employment, and Adult Education, 
 come within the scope of the Branch and the investigations of these Committees were in many cases 
 continued and extended in certain directions and further official reports prepared. 
 
 Section III of the Minister’s Advisory Council was in close connection with the work of the 
 Branch. The experience of industry possessed by the members of this Section was of great value, 
 especially with regard to the organisation of the relations of employers and employed. By agreement 
 with the Ministry of Labour the following reference was made to Section III :— 
 
 “ To consider and advise on the practical application of the proposals of the Whitley 
 “ Reports to (a) Engineering, and ( b ) Railways, and further, how, in the event of agreements 
 u on wages and general conditions, being arrived at affecting an industry, such agreements should 
 “ be made operative over the whole industry.” 
 
 Three separate Reports* on these three points were presented to the Minister of Reconstruction, 
 and the advice of the Section was made the basis of departmental action. 
 
 A further reference was made to the Section with regard to the employment of disabled men in 
 industry in the following terms :— 
 
 “ To consider and advise what action, if any, should be taken by the State with a view to 
 u preventing (a) an abnormal amount of unemployment amongst partially disabled ex-soldlers, 
 “ (b) the possible depreciation of the standard rate by the employment in industry of men with 
 “ pensions, and (c) the underpayment of partially disabled men who are unable to earn the 
 “ standard rate.” 
 
 A Sub-Committee of Section III dealt with the following reference :— 
 
 u 1° consider and advise whether any legislative action should be taken to restrict the hours 
 “ of labour of children and young persons in those occupations now unregulated by law, and to 
 “ advise whether further restrictions under existing laws are desirable.” 
 
 The abnormal position of juvenile workers arising out of developments during the War was made 
 the subject of a detailed investigation, to which reference is made below (par. 49). 
 
 * Not published. 
 
 v 
 
19 
 
 Demobilisation of the Forces. 
 
 (36) The Demobilisation of the Army was investigated by a Sub-Committee of the 
 Reconstruction Committee under the Chairmanship of Mr. Montagu,'which began its labours in the 
 summer of 1916 This Sub-Committee eventually became a Committee of the Ministry. The 
 general lines of the policy for demobilisation were exhaustively discussed, and it was eventually 
 arranged that the order of discharge should depend upon the needs of industry at the time the war 
 ein ed, due legaid being had to the claims of long service men and married men to early release. 
 
 n The Committee on the Demobilisation of the Army left to the War Office, the Admiralty, and 
 the Ministry of Labour the preparation of the details of a plan for demobilisation. The War Office 
 appointed a demobilisation Committee, under the Chairmanship of Sir R. Brade, who was also 
 Chairman of the Officers Resettlement Sub-Committee of Mr. Montagu's Committee The nlms 
 made by the War Office, the Admiralty, and later by the Air Ministry, were considered by a Demobili- 
 sation Co-ordination Committee of the Departments concerned, which included the Ministry of Labour 
 
 Chfeflvra Z f R rrr aCt T War 0ffice ’ and es P eciall y Mobilisation Directorate, was 
 
 chiefly responsible for the forwarding of the military preparations;.and Sir R. Brade acted as Chair¬ 
 man to the Co-ordination Committee. T he working out of the order of release according to industrial 
 
 aSst 2t 'Department.* ^ ^ Ub ° Qr ReSettlement »P * 
 
 At th ® cessation of hostilities a Committee of the War Cabinet, under the Chairmanship 
 ot General Smuts, was appointed to supervise and control the policy of demobilisation and resettlement 
 subsequently, Sir E. Geddes was appointed to co-ordinate the work of the Departments engaged on 
 
 Apart from the questions which were completely within the sphere of the War Office, the 
 Admiralty and the Air Ministry, there were a number of problems which also concerned other Depart¬ 
 ments, e.g the order of release, out-of-work donation, land settlement for soldiers and sailors 
 apprenticeships interrupted by wr.r service, and the future of officers in civil life. On these matters 
 tie Ministry co-operated closely with the various Executive Departments concerned. 
 
 , (^ 7 ) ri0Tlt y_ Demobilisation. The order of release which was decided upon involved a review 
 
 of the conditions likely to prevail in the industries of the country. The first essential was obviously 
 to secure the return ot those whose services were necessary before demobilisation could begin The 
 second was to arrange the early demobilisation of those officers and men on whose work the employ¬ 
 ment of others depended. It was arranged that these “pivotal” men should be released before the 
 commencement of general demobilisation. The order of priority to be adopted after the beginning 
 of general demobilisation was carefully considered by the Departments concerned and arrangements 
 were made for the release of “slip” men for whom employment was waiting before men wiih 
 
 no definite offer of work. Special regard was paid to the claims of long service and married 
 men. ° 
 
 (38) Out-of- Work Donation for Ex-Service Men .—The Demobilisation of the Army Committee 
 recommended the adoption of a scheme of out-of-work donation. After enquiry this scheme was 
 extended to cover mobile members of Women’s Corps enrolled under one of the fighting services for 
 v. le P? 110 ^ °* * . * . r< ra ^ e °f donation proposed by the Committee v/as reviewed in the light of 
 
 the subsequent rise m the cost of living and the scheme was co-ordinated with the scheme of out-of- 
 work donation for civil workers referred to below. 
 
 (39) Settlement of Ex-Service Men on the Land .—In conjunction with the Board of Agriculture 
 a policy was prepared in regard to the settlement of ex-service men on the land. This is dealt with 
 more fully in a further section (par. 68). 
 
 (40) Interrupted Apprenticeships .—A full investigation was made by the Ministry of Becon- 
 sti uction into the various conditions affecting the problem of apprenticeships interrupted by War 
 seivice. liepresentative employers and trade unionists in the skilled trades were consulted, 
 a * dc ^” as . ls ’. these enquiries a scheme was framed in consultation with the Ministry 
 ot Labour providing that the apprentice, after demobilisation, should receive encouragement to 
 resume his apprenticeship by shortening the unexpired period, providing intensive training, and by 
 payment of wages commensurate with the age of the returned apprentice. It was recognised that 
 employers would be unwilling to pay wages higher than was justified by the stage of training reached 
 by apprentices before enlistment, and that the returned apprentices would be unwilling to accept the 
 ordinaly apprentice rates.. The policy adopted, though elastic in character in order to meet the 
 varying circumstances of different trades, accepts the principle of the payment by the State of at least 
 part of the difference between the wage the apprentice would have received in view of the fact that he 
 was only partially trained and a wage comparable to what he could obtain in other forms of 
 employment. 
 
 21116 
 
 A List of Committees dealing with Demobilisation was given in Cd. 8916. 
 
 A 10 
 
20 
 
 (41) Officers' Resettlement. —The resettlement of officers was considered by a Sub-Committee of 
 Mr. Montagu’s Committee and their recommendations were supported by the Minister of Recom 
 struction. Later the Officers’ University and Technical Training Committee was set up and the 
 Ministry of Labour appointed an Advisory Committee on officers’ resettlement. The Appointments 
 Department was opened in order to assist the reinstatement of officers in civil life. Ihe schemes for 
 the resettlement of Officers in civil life will be found in pamphlet No. 12, issued by the 
 Ministry of Reconstruction, (see App. III.). 
 
 (42) Civil Liabilities. —On the recommendation of the Army Demobilisation Committee, the 
 Local Government Board were asked to prepare a scheme for providing financial assistance, where 
 necessary, for those whose reasonable claims could not be met by the payment of Out-of-Work Donation. 
 This was intended especially to assist in the restoration of “ one-man” businesses. The Government 
 has accepted the principles underlying the scheme prepared by the Local Government Board. 
 
 (43) Summary of the Demobilisation Scheme. —It will be seen therefore that the general scheme 
 (which was approved by the War Cabinet) was based on releasing the forces in such a way as to 
 secure the restoration of industry and along with it full opportunities of employment at the earliest 
 moment practicable. 
 
 (a) The order determined on was as follows : — 
 
 1. Demobilises. (Men required for setting the machine of demobilisation in motion). 
 
 2. Pivotal Men. (Men who are essential for restarting or re-equipping particular industries 
 
 without whom it would be difficult or impossible to provide general employment in 
 such industries). 
 
 3. Men required for main industries of the first importance which had been denuded of workers, 
 
 such as agriculture, mining, or transport, to be followed or accompanied by men for 
 whom employment was waiting in any occupation. These are known as “ slip ” men. 
 
 4. Within each group preference was to be given to married men over single men and each 
 
 draft was always to include a proportion of men with a long period of service in the 
 field and men who are time-expired soldiers enlisted on normal attestations before the 
 war. 
 
 ( b ) The scheme provided for the formation of the necessary cadres and for the continuation of 
 men with the colours in the post-bellum army. 
 
 ( c) Steps were also taken to assist the reinstatement of members of the forces in civil life by 
 provision for training, the resumption of interrupted apprenticeships, settlement on the land, etc. 
 
 (d) A scheme of out-of-work donation was worked out to meet the cases of unemployment which 
 might arise during the year following demobilisation. 
 
 , Civil Resettlement. 
 
 (44) The Resettlement of Civil War Workers .—The resettlement in normal industry of the 
 large body of civil war workers is a problem of greater complexity even than the demobilisation of the 
 Forces. The Ministry investigated the new distribution of the working population which had taken 
 place during the war and surveyed the probable industrial development of the future. It was 
 necessary also for the Branch to work in close touch with other Departments in order that due 
 account should be taken of the conditions likely to prevail with regard to shipping and other 
 forms of transport, raw materials, foreign trade, &c. It was essential also that any plans adopted 
 for the period following the cessation of hostilities, and therefore the cessation of War production, 
 should be of such a character as would minimise industrial dislocations when the members of the 
 Forces were demobilised. The possibility of unemployment owing to the time involved in changing 
 over from War to Peace production had to be met by devising a scheme of unemployment payment, 
 and by the preparation and co-ordination of plans for adoption, when and if necessary, of schemes 
 for providing employment. 
 
 The enquiries of Committees dealing with various resettlement problems and related questions 
 were used as the basis for further investigation, and the inter-departmental questions which were raised 
 were considered by the Co-ordination Committee referred to in par. 50. Finally, a general 
 memorandum on resettlement, including the remaining outstanding arrangements proposed regarding 
 the demobilisation of the Forces, was presented to the Cabinet and formed the basis of the policy 
 adopted by the Government. 
 
 (45) The Civil War Workers Committee .—It was clear from the outset that the problem of the 
 resettlement of Civil War Workers was one which should be entrusted to a Committee containing 
 representatives of employers and employed, and of the Government Departments concerned. A Com¬ 
 mittee was therefore appointed, under the chairmanship of Mr. Gerald Bellhouse, of the Home 
 Office, “ to consider and report upon the arrangements which should be made for the demobilisation 
 “ of workers engaged during the war in National Factories, Controlled Establishments, in other firms 
 “ engaged on the production of munitions of war and on Government contracts, or in firms 
 “ where substitute labour has been employed for the duration of the war.” The Committee 
 presented six Reports.* These contain the results of a general review of the problems of the 
 transition in industry from War work to Peace production The suggestions of this Committee were 
 
 * Cd. 9117, 9192, 9228. 
 
21 
 
 considered ini conjunction with enquiries into other related problems, and memoranda were prepared 
 for the Wai Cabinet outlining a policy for the transition period, so far as resettlement was concerned. 
 The questions dealt with under this head included the termination of Government contracts, the 
 availability of raw materials, the release of materials for non-munitions production, the possibility 
 of a “ short time” system, free railway passes for munition workers, the co-ordination of orders, the 
 placing of public contracts, &c. Many of these questions fell within the scope of other Branches of 
 the Ministry and are referred to in Chapters III and IV. 
 
 (46) Out-of- Work Donation. — The Civil War AVorkers Committee recommended an extended 
 scheme of unemployment insurance and put forward alternative schemes. This question has been 
 carefully examined by the Branch as well as by the Ministry of Labour. It was clear, however, that 
 the lengthy negotiations with representatives of employers and employed, which such a scheme 
 would in\ oh e, and the problems of administration which would arise, rendered any extension of the 
 existing contributory scheme impracticable as a means of providing against unemployment during 
 the transition period. The Ministry of Reconstruction, therefore, prepared a non-contributory scheme, 
 and with ceitain modifications the proposals relating to out-of-work donation for ex-service men were 
 amalgamated with it. Ihe out-of-work donation scheme, apart from its non-contributory character, 
 possesses two features of interest. In the first place, the allowance includes a payment in respect of 
 dependent children. Secondly, in the case of unemployed juvenile workers, payment of donation 
 ma_\ be made conditional upon attendance at an educational centre. The Department co-operated 
 with the Board of Education in framing this scheme. 
 
 (47) Restoration of Trade Union Practices .—One of the most important transitional problems 
 was that of the restoration of Trade Union practices. The Branch continued the work of the original 
 AVar Pledges Sub-Committee, of which Sir John Simon was Chairman, under the original Reconstruction 
 Committee. Information was collected from the Ministry of Munitions with regard to the records of 
 changes in Trade Union practices. Special investigations were made into the new conditions; 
 prevailing in the Engineering Industry and Various persons with a special knowledge of the problem 
 were consulted. As a result of these enquiries a draft Restoration of Pre-AVar Practices Bill 
 was prepared, which formed the basis of discussion for the inter-departmental Conference set up by 
 the Minister during the spring of 1918. This Conference consisted of representatives of the 
 Ministry of Reconstruction, the Ministry of Munitions, the Ministry of Labour, and the Home 
 Office. The Conference finished its work in the summer of 1918, and its Report Was presented 
 to the Minister in the form of a Draft Bill, which was circulated to the Cabinet. Shortly before 
 the cessation of hostilities the inter-departmental Conference was again called together, and at the 
 request of the Government a new and shorter Bill was prepared for restoring Trade Union practices. 
 Reference to this draft Bill was made by the Prime Minister at the Conference of Trade Unionists 
 and Employers held on November 13th, and copies were supplied to the Committee appointed at 
 the Conference. In the interval the other enquiries of the Ministry were being conducted on the 
 assumption that legislation would be forthcoming to restore pre-war practices. 
 
 (48) Regulation of Wages. —One of the most important problems which would arise immediately 
 on the cessation of hostilities was that of wages. In conjunction with the Ministry of Labour and 
 the Ministry of Munitions, a review was made of the conditions prevailing during the war with 
 regard to wages, and an enquiry was made into the effects of the operation of awards and orders 
 under the Munitions Acts upon the post-war situation. The Minister decided that a Committee should 
 be appointed, and this was set up under the Chairmanship of Sir John Simon. It was asked to 
 consider “ whether the compulsory operation of awards made under the Munitions of War Acts 
 “ or Orders extending such awards, or of orders regulating wages made under those Acts, should 
 “ be continued after the war,” and “ whether the power to make such awards or orders should be 
 “ continued after the war” and to advise as to “the manner in which awards and orders, if made 
 “or continued, should be enforced after the war, and for what period.” The Committee on 
 AA ages Awards consisted of departmental officials and representatives of Employers and Trade Unions. 
 The urgency of the problem became suddenly apparent when the military situation changed at the 
 end of October, 1918, and for this reason the Committee was asked to hasten its Report.* This 
 was presented to the Minister, and it formed the basis of the AA r ages (Temporary Regulation) 
 Act, 1918. 
 
 (49) Juveniles in Industry .—In reviewing the industrial situation as affected by the war, it 
 became obvious that the position of juveniles in industry had been seriously changed. Great 
 numbers of boys and girls had entered occupations earlier than they would have otherwise done, and 
 there was likely to be serious unemployment among these as soon as greater numbers of adult 
 workers were available when munition production ceased. For these reasons an enquiry was 
 undertaken by the Ministry of Labour in the latter half of 1917 and the early months of 1918, in 
 conjunction with the Alinistry of Reconstruction. About three thousand reports were received from 
 investigators and employers ; and this material was made the basis of a report written at the request 
 of the Minister of Reconstruction by an authority on juvenile employment. The Reportf has been 
 
 * Not published. - - - • - 
 
 t Juvenile Employment during the War and After—to be purchased through any Bookseller or direct from 
 H.M. Stationery Office. Price 6d. net. 
 
 21146 
 
 A II 
 
22 
 
 published by the Ministry of Reconstruction, and its recommendations have been partly adopted by 
 the Government. The Report includes an explanation of : — 
 
 (a) Proposals for regulating the displacement of young persons and for facilitating their entry 
 
 into new employment. 
 
 (b) Proposals for facilitating the employment of young persons already in industry by 
 
 restricting the entry of fresh competitors. 
 
 (c) Administrative measures which might be taken in connexion with the re-employment of 
 
 juveniles. 
 
 (d) Proposals for providing maintenance and training for young persons who are 
 
 unemployed. 
 
 (50) Resettlement Co-ordination Committee. —In order to avoid overlapping and to obtain the 
 greatest measure of co-operation on transitional labour questions, and more particularly in regard to 
 resettlement problems, the Minister set up a Civil War Workers’ Resettlement Co-ordination Com¬ 
 mittee, presided over by the Secretary of the Ministry and consisting of representatives of the various 
 Departments concerned. This Committee was parallel to the Demobilisation of the Forces 
 Co-ordination Committee to which reference has already been made. The necessary co-operation 
 between the two Committees was secured by the fact that certain members were common to both 
 Committees. The Resettlement Co-ordination iCommittee met at frequent and regular intervals, 
 and prior to the Armistice and the appointment of the Cabinet Committee, under General Smuts’ 
 chairmanship, ’was the chief means of securing inter-departmental consultation and agreement. 
 
 Permanent Policy. 
 
 (51) Whilst consideration had first to be given to the problems of the transition, it was clear 
 that adequate measures for dealing with them could not be devised without a review of the larger 
 problems of industry and a survey of industrial conditions. The Ministry, therefore, while proceeding 
 with the preparation of policy for immediate application, has carried on investigations and enquiries 
 into the conditions of work prevailing before the war, the possibility of improving those conditions, 
 and the effects of war upon industrial organisation. 
 
 (52) The Whitley Reports. —Some of the chief contributions made to industrial organisation 
 are to be found in the Reports of the Committee on Relations between Employers and Employed, 
 presided over by Mr. J. H. Whitley, M.P. Its terms of reference were— 
 
 “ (1) To make and consider suggestions for securing the permanent improvement in the 
 relations between employers and employed. 
 
 “ (2) To recommend means for securing that industrial conditions affecting the relations 
 between employers and workmen shall be systematically reviewed by those concerned, 
 with a view to improving conditions in the future.” 
 
 The Committee published five Reports.* The First Report on Joint Standing Industrial 
 Councils referred to the well-organised industries ; the second took into consideration the 
 possibilities of organisation in the imperfectly organised industries ; the third was devoted to 
 Works Committees ; the fourth was concerned with Conciliation and Arbitration ; and the fifth 
 reviewed the proposals of the previous reports. The necessary departmental action with regard 
 to the establishment of Industrial Councils was undertaken by the Ministry of Labour, which, 
 however, acted in the closest co-operation with the Ministry of Reconstruction. The enquiries 
 of Section III of the Advisory Council into certain aspects of the establishment of Industrial Councils 
 has already been referred to. Iu addition the Ministry instituted a series of negotiations in regard to 
 the Shipping Industry. At a later stage a conference of ship-owners and representative trade 
 unionists was called and was addressed by the Minister. As a result a Committee of representatives 
 of the associations concerned was formed to consider the establishment of an Industrial Council for 
 the Shipping Industry. 
 
 (53) Industrial Councils and Trade Boards. —After the publication of the First Report of the 
 Whitley Committee a considerable amount of experience was gained as to the nature of the problem 
 of industrial re-organisation, the difficulties to be faced and the varying character of the different 
 industries of the country, from the point of view of their organisations. In the li^ht of this 
 experience the Second Report of the Committee was carefully examined and the principles laid down 
 carried further. In conjunction with the Minister of Labour the Minister of Reconstruction issued a 
 memorandumf on the relations between industrial councils and trade boards setting forth the policy of 
 the Government. A few months later a new Trade Board Bill was introduced by the Minister of 
 Labour. 
 
 (54) Conciliation and Arbitration. —The Wages (Temporary Regulation) Act, referred to ab:>ve, 
 sets up arbitration machinery on lines similar to that recommended by the Whitley Committee in its 
 Fourth Report. The proposal, however, 'to establish a permanent Arbitration and Conciliation 
 Council as suggested by the Committee has not yet been sanctioned by the Government. 
 
 * Cd. 8606, 9001, 9002, 9099, 9153. 
 t Cd. 9085. 
 

 23 
 
 (55) Interim Industrial Reconstruction Committees.— The establishof r i . . , 
 
 Reconstruction Committees with which the Branch was staged 
 
 earlier m this Report (par. 15). h 5 lfe acalt with 
 
 I,;., (56 ) Conditions of Employment.— The Labour Panel of the Engineering T,. nfIp , /•«•„„ 
 
 Industries) Committee consisting of Trade Union representatives of the Engineerino- Trades ^ 
 
 valuable assistance to the main Committee Its chief contribution to permanent policy was its 
 
 Report* on the conditions of employment which should obtain in new industries. These conditions 
 were accepted by the main Committee. ’ muons 
 
 « tl H> Omen's Employment .-The Women’s Employment Committee, originally a Sub-Committee 
 of the Reconstruction Committee, has continued its work. Memoranda prepared by o-rouns of 
 
 members acting as sub-committees have been received and the Report of the Committee is now beimr 
 prepared. ’ & 
 
 ; [J (58) Adult Education — The work of the Adult Education Sub-Committee of the Reconstruction 
 Commttee was continued under the Ministry of Reconstruction. Its First Report! dealt with 
 industrial and social'conditions in relation to Adult Education. It contained an analysis of prevailing- 
 condit ions and urged the need for far-reaching reforms. Its recommendations have been made the 
 subject of further enquiry. Its Second Report^ deals with Education in the Army A Third 
 Report, dealing with Libraries and Museums, is awaiting signature and, at the request of the 
 Minister of Reconstruction, deals with the technical and commercial as well as the non-vocational 
 aspect of the subject. J he I mal Report of the Committee is now' in preparation 
 
 .. ,(59,) Domestic Service. The influx of large numbers of domestic workers into munitions and 
 other forms of \\ ar work has intensified the problem of domestic service. It was thought desirable 
 to investigate the wdiole problem and the matter was referred to the Women’s Committee of the 
 Advisory Council, who, through four Sub-Committees, undertook to enquire into the special 
 conditions created by the w r ar and to submit proposals. 11 
 
 ■i ( 60 ) General Industrial Policy .—Investigations have been carried out in consultation with the 
 Departments concerned wuth a view to advising the Government on the general lines of labour and 
 industrial policy. Amongst the problems to which attention has been given, but upon which 
 Government decisions have not yet been taken, are the extension and development of labour leo’isla- 
 tion, the prevention of unemployment and the extension of unemployment* insurance, international 
 labour, legislation, industrial couits, casual labour, pensions for wudows, domestic service State 
 control in industry, rural industries, the future of women in industry and the health of industrial 
 workers. T , ' ■ y " 1 
 
 y / n reviewing all the more fundamental problems of Reconstruction so far as they concern labour 
 and industrial organisation, the Ministry of Reconstruction has been in ’constant consultation with 
 the Ministry of Labour. It has also had the valuable advice of Labour representatives on the Advisory 
 Council- - I he method of investigation has been rather by personal contact with authorities on the 
 subject than by the collection of statistics, but full use was made of the work done by the 
 Industrial (War Enquiries) Branch of the Board of Trade and of the available information of the 
 Statistical Department of the Ministry of Labour. 
 
 Chapter VI.—Work undertaken by the Rural Development Branch. 
 
 (61) This Branch deals with the aspects of Reconstruction questions specifically affecting the 
 rural areas of the United Kingdom and the development of its resources in land and agriculture. 
 Though necessarily general proposals for commercial, industrial or social development during the 
 transitional period are dealt with primarily in other Branches, it was felt that distinctive questions 
 arose in regard to Rural Development generally, which required consideration as a wdiole by persons 
 possessing special experience m the conditions of rural life. It is one Of the main general problems 
 of Reconsti uction to secuie a re-adjustment of the population between urban and rural areas, 
 in the interests of improved health and development of the natural resources of the United Kingdom; 
 and this problem requires to be studied comprehensively with a view* to the co-ordination of general 
 Reconstruction policy to this end. The Branch has been co-operating closely throughout with the 
 Board of Agriculture and other Departments concerned. But, in certain directions, it’ has been able 
 not only to co-ordinate proposals from other Departments into a reasoned policy of Rural Development, 
 but also to contribute constructive work on points not otherwise provided for departmentally. 
 
 '(62) Agricultural Policy Committee .—The First Part of the Report§ of the Agricultural Policy 
 Committee (under the chairmanship of Lord Selborne) had been submitted to the Prime Minister on 
 the 30th January, 1917 and dealt with the problem of rendering the United Kingdom self-supporting in 
 the matter of Food Supply so far as is economically possible. Upon the basis of this Report the 
 
 ? Summarised in the Report of the Main Committee, Cd. 9226. 
 
 t Cd. 9107. * 
 
 +'Cd. 9225.’ 
 
 § Cd. 8506. 
 
 21146 
 
 A 12 
 
24 
 
 #. 
 
 Corn Production Act, 1917, was passed as an Emergency measure, providing for guaranteed minimum 
 prices of corn, the fixing of minimum wages through the establishment of Wages Boards, and certain 
 measures for State Control of agricultural operations in the interests of increased production. Special 
 attention has been given to the question of a suitable machinery for the administration of any per¬ 
 manent policy, on the assumption that the State may continue to exercise .some measure of supervision 
 over the operations necessary for increased production of the home food supply in the national 
 interest. Memoranda have been submitted to the Board of Agriculture containing proposals :— 
 
 (a) for the re-organisation of the work of County Councils in view of the possible formation of 
 “ County Council Agricultural Committees,” and for the co-ordination of the work of 
 such Councils in so far as it directly affects agriculture ; and 
 
 (5) for the creation of “ County Authorities ” directly responsible to the Board of Agriculture 
 for carrying on such of the duties of the War Executive Committees as may necessarily 
 have to be continued on a permanent footing, and such other executive duties as might 
 more conveniently be discharged by an authority acting under the instructions of the 
 Board, than by the County Council Agricultural Committees. 
 
 (63) The Second Part of the Report of the Agricultural Policy Committee. —This Report* was 
 submitted on the 30th January, 1918. It contained various proposals for the re-organisation of 
 the Departments dealing with Agriculture, with questions of agricultural instruction and research, 
 with co-operation and organisation for the disposal of agricultural produce, agricultural credit, Small 
 Holdings, Village Reconstruction, Tithe Redemption, Local Taxation, amendments in the Agricul¬ 
 tural Holdings Acts, Land Reclamation and Drainage, Plant pathology, the supply of artificial 
 manures, weights and measures, and agricultural transport. Many of these specific schemes have 
 been worked out by the Rural Development Branch in consultation with the Board of Agriculture, 
 or proposals have been submitted to the Board of Agriculture for consideration. In other cases, 
 memoranda have been prepared and further information has been collected with a view to the 
 formulation of definite proposals. 
 
 (64) Tithe Redemption. —The question of Tithe Redemption was dealt with in the Tithe Act, 
 1918, which was introduced by the Board of Agriculture after consultation with the Ministry of 
 Reconstruction. Proposed amendments in the Small Holdings and Allotments Acts have also been 
 the subject of full discussion and interchange of memoranda between this Branch and the Board of 
 Agriculture ; and, as the result of a Joint Memorandum by the President of the Board of Agriculture 
 and the Minister of Reconstruction, the Government have introduced a Bill providing, inter alia , for 
 facilitating the acquisition of land for small holdings by payment of annuities. 
 
 (65) Village Reconstruction and Rurcd Industries. —On the general question of Village Recon¬ 
 struction a large amount of material has been collected in this Branch and a general scheme pre¬ 
 pared in outline, covering such questions as the provision of village halls, recreation grounds and 
 increased amenities of village life. A Memorandum has been submitted to the Board of Agriculture, 
 with a questionnaire to be addressed to Local Authorities, for the purpose of ascertaining what are 
 the specific requirements of the different localities in this connexion. The question of stimulating 
 and developing rural industries has been made the subject of a full and detailed investigation in 
 various parts of the country by an officer specially attached to this Branch. The information thus 
 collected has since been analysed with a view to the submission of concrete proposals. 
 
 (66) Rural Transport. Light Railways. — Various schemes for the development of rural 
 transport facilities have been worked out in consultation with the other Departments concerned. 
 In particular attention has been devoted to the possibility of developing a comprehensive 
 system of narrow gauge light railways in rural areas. In this connexion advantage has been 
 taken of the expe ience gained during the War in utilising narrow gauge railways in the 
 zone of active operations. The possibility of taking advantage of the experience thus gained, and 
 any surplus stores of equipment available at the end of the War for a general development of such 
 light railways in rural areas has been explored. Proposals have been submitted to the Board 
 of Trade for the establishment of a central authority to deal wfith the matter, and obtaining the 
 necessary powers and facilities for developing such schemes. 
 
 (67) Forestry. —The Reportf of the Forestry Committee (under the Chairmanship of Mr. F. D. 
 Acland, M.P.) has resulted in an Interim Forestry Authority being set up under Mr. Acland, and 
 a sum of £100,000 has been voted by Parliament for the commencement of immediate operations 
 (including the training of Forestry Officers, the collection of seeds and nursery stocks, and the making 
 of preliminary surveys), in preparation for a comprehensive scheme for which legislative powers will 
 be sought in due course. 
 
 (68) Land jor Sailors and Soldiers ’ Settlements.- —Immediately on the formation of the Ministry in 
 August, 1917, special attention w^as devoted to the question of making adequate provision for the settle¬ 
 ment of ex-service men on the land. The only special provision for this purpose at that date was under 
 the Small Holdings (Colonies) Act, 1916, under which 8,000 acres could be made available for 
 
 # 
 
 Cd. 9079. 
 
 t Cel. 8881. 
 
w • / 
 
 training and settlement (afe an experimental measure) of service men in farming colonies on a 
 co-operative basis. It was felt that arrangements should at once be made for a more comprehensive 
 scheme to satisfy the requirements of ex-service men who might desire to be settled on the land. 
 Various proposals for meeting such requirements by a general scheme for the acquisition of Glebe 
 Lands and estates in the hands of colleges, charities and the like by the Board of Agriculture were 
 considered ; but it was found that it would not be possible to make the necessary provision by such 
 means within the time available. It was accordingly proposed, as the result of joint deliberations by 
 the Ministry of Reconstruction and the Board of Agriculture in May, 1918, that power should 
 be immediately obtained for the acquisition (by compulsion if necessary) of large areas of land (as and 
 where required) for the purposes of sailors’ and soldiers’ settlements, small holdings, forestry, reclamation 
 and rural housing. It was recommended by the Ministry that action in this matter should be taken, 
 so far as possible, through the ordinary machinery of the County Councils, under the Small Holdings 
 Acts, on the basis of an annual payment guaranteed by the State. These proposals were referred to 
 a Cabinet Committee, who approved them in principle, and a Small Holdings and Allotments 
 Bill incorporating this principle was introduced into Parliament at the end of the last session. 
 The sudden developments in the military situation made it necessary, however, to provide at once 
 for the acquisition of the land necessary for sailors’and soldiers’settlements by cash payments, to avoid the 
 delay incident to negotiations or compulsory proceedings likely to arise upon a basis of annual 
 payment. Revised proposals have accordingly been prepared, and accepted by the Government, for 
 the immediate provision of a capital sum calculated to meet all requirements (both as regards land 
 acquisition, equipment and training) for the settlement of ex-service men. 
 
 (69) Means for attracting returning Sailors and Soldiers to the Land. Report of Section IV of 
 Advisory Council. —Concurrently with the arrangements initiated (as described above) to obtain land 
 for the settlement of ex-service men, steps were taken to consider suitable methods for making 
 rural life attractive to such men. Section IY of the Minister’s Advisory Council (under the 
 Chairmanship of Mr. Leslie Scott, K.C., M.P.,) were accordingly asked, in March, 1918, to report upon 
 the following reference :— 
 
 u To consider the steps and conditions (apart from the provision of Farm and Small Holding 
 Colonies) necessary to attract to employment on the land all returning soldiers and sailors who 
 may wish to take up country life ; and in particular to induce them to do so in sufficient 
 
 “numbers to secure the maximum output on the land.” 
 
 The Section, who in the course of their enquiry have submitted various resolutions upon which 
 interim action has been taken, submitted in December, 1918, their Final Report.* These recommend¬ 
 ations embrace increased facilities for Rural Housing and acquisition of land for Small Holdings, etc., 
 adequate provision for the training of officers and men desirous of taking up an agricultural life, 
 improved organisation for agricultural trade purposes and general provision for increased amenities 
 of village life. In particular they recommended (as an essential preliminary measure to any effective 
 action for the general purpose in view) the immediate establishment of a Central Executive Committee, 
 including representatives of the various Departments and organisations specially interested in the 
 different aspects of the general problem of settling ex-service men on the land and providing facilities 
 for their training and allocation for such employment. The recommendations of the Committee have 
 been carefully considered by the Department. 
 
 (70) Rural Information Offices .—Section IV of the Advisory Council were also asked, early in 
 1918, “ to consider a scheme drawn up by the Rural Development Branch for the establishment of 
 “ Rural Information Offices to centralise at suitable places in each locality the provision of any 
 “ information available from official sources that might be of interest or value to the local agricultural 
 “ community.” The Section recommended, in February, that the scheme should be set in motion 
 experimentally by the Board of Agriculture at certain selected centres ; and, after consideration of 
 the Report'}' by the Minister of Reconstruction, recommendations were made to the Board of 
 Agriculture accordingly. 
 
 (<T) Economic Position of Women in Agriculture .—Arrangements have been made, in consulta¬ 
 tion with the Women’s Employment Committee and Food Production Department, to pursue further 
 certain questions relative to the employment of women in agriculture through Sub-Committees of 
 Section IN of the Advisory Council of the Ministry of Reconstruction. To deal with this question 
 as regards conditions obtaining in England and Wales, a Sub-Committee (under the Chairmanship 
 of Mrs. Roland W ilkins) has been appointed, with the following reference :— 
 
 “ To consider what economic part women can take in the development of agriculture, having 
 “ particular regard to the Report presented by the Agricultural Policy Committee, and to recommend 
 “ what steps should be taken to give practical effect to such conclusions as may be drawn.” Arrange¬ 
 ments have also been made, in consultation with the Women’s Employment Committee and the 
 Scottish Office, to set up a similar Sub-Committee of Section IV of the Advisory Council (under the 
 Chairmanship of Mrs. C. D. Douglas) to report upon the same matter relative to conditions obtaining 
 in Scotland. 
 
 Not yet published. 
 
 t Not published. 
 
26 
 
 (72) General Questions of Land Reform. —The general question of the acquisition and valuation 
 of land for public purposes in its different aspects is being pursued by the Land Acquisition Committee, 
 as already indicated (par. 16 (a)). The question of Registration of Title has also been referred to 
 a Sub-Committee of the Land Acquisition Committee. The Rural Development Branch have also 
 considered and prepared memoranda upon various proposals submitted to the Ministry of Reconstruction 
 dealing with the question of the taxation of land values, nationalisation of land and the like. 
 
 (76) Miscellaneous .—The Minister of Reconstruction invited the County Councils of the United 
 Kingdom to furnish information in regard to schemes in connexion with Rural Reconstruction that 
 had come under their notice and any information that they might desire to submit in regard to the 
 particular needs of their own localities. 
 
 A representative Conference of the Agricultural Industry was summoned to consider the 
 question of setting up an Interim Reconstruction Committee for Agriculture, and as a result a scheme 
 is now in course of preparation. 
 
 Chapter VII.—Work undertaken by the Social Development Branch. 
 
 i 
 
 (74) This Branch was established to deal generally with questions or proposals affecting the 
 amelioration of the social (as distinct from the purely industrial) conditions of life in the United, 
 Kingdom during the transitional period. The main business falling within its province has been that! 
 associated with the proposals for the establishment of a Ministry of Health, the conduct of the 
 necessary enquiries and negotiations relative to this matter having been entrusted by the Government 
 to the Minister of Reconstruction. Important questions bearing closely upon these proposals have 
 arisen out of the Report* of the Local Government Committee, of which Sir Donald Maclean was 
 Chairman, on the transfer of functions of Poor Law authorities in England and Wales ; and the 
 Machinery of Government Committee, appointed under the Chairmanship of Lord Haldane to consider 
 the distribution of business between central Departments has fallen within the purview of this Branch." 
 The passing of the Education Act, 1918, and the reference of the problem of Adult Education to ft' 
 Sub-Committee has, in the main, made it necessary for the Ministry to do little more than to keep itself 
 informed of the progress of the Government’s educational policy, except so far as relates to technical 
 education, which is dealt with in another part of this Report. The remaining duties of this Branch 
 have been to assist the Committees appointed by the Minister to consider housing questions, and to 
 initiate any action required on their Reports ; and to give special attention to questions, other than 
 the industrial questions- falling to the Industrial Branch of the Department, which specially affect the 
 position of women. 
 
 In connexion with the work of the Branch, Women’s Sub-Committees have been, or are still, 
 pursuing inquiries into the following subjects :— 
 
 (1) Co-ordination of authorities for the vocational training of women ; (2) the place of 
 
 properly paid and voluntary women workers in subsidiary health and kindred services ; and 
 (3) certain questions relative to the position of women in the Civil Service. 
 
 A more detailed account of the activities of this section of the Ministry in these matters is 
 contained in the following paragraphs. 
 
 Ministry of Health. 
 
 (75) Preliminary Negotiations. —On the 11th October, 1917, the Prime Minister received a 
 deputation from representatives of Health Insurance organisations, introduced by Mr. J. H. 
 Thomas, M.P., which urged the establishment of a Ministry of Health. In replying to the deputation 
 on this point, the Prime Minister emphasised the necessity of making full inquiry into the relations 
 between the various Departments concerned before a Bill for the establishment of the Ministry 
 could be introduced in Parliament. 
 
 On the 18th October Mr. Bonar Law stated in reply to a question by Mr. Dillon in the House, 
 of Commons that the various difficulties needing to be provided for in the establishment of a 
 Ministry had not reached any widely agreed solution, and that so long as this was so it was 
 not possible to undertake to introduce a Bill. He added, however, that steps were being taken which 
 would, it was hoped, secure substantial agreement among those who were actively engaged in the 
 work of national health. 
 
 The duty of conducting on behalf of the Government the negotiations referred to by the Prime 
 Minister and Mr. Bonar Law was entrusted to the Minister of Reconstruction, and in addition to 
 certain communications with the executive Departments affected, a series of conferences was held by 
 him with representatives of Associations of Local Authorities, of the medical profession, and of the 
 Insurance Committees and the various types of Approved Societies engaged in the administration of 
 the National Health Insurance Acts. 
 
 (76) Poor Lau\ —The question of dealing with the functions at present exercised by the 
 Local Government Board in relation to Poor -Law was recognised as presenting special difficulties. 
 On the one hand there was agreement that the provision for the care of the sick and infirm which 
 
 * Cel. 8917. 
 
27 
 
 | ^ as » 1(n ' 711 . VP un< ^ er ^ ie P° or Uw system should, as soon as possible, be made a part of the duties 
 of the Ministry of Health. On the other hand, great weight was attached to the objections felt 
 m many quarters to associating the Ministry of Health with, that side of the Poor Law which is 
 concerned with the provision of poor relief and with able-bodied necessitous persons. 
 
 The result of these conferences was to show a general agreement as to the desirability of 
 
 , seeming the early establishment ot a Ministry of Health, as well as upon the lines of the necessary 
 legislation. ‘ J 
 
 Subsequent discussion accordingly centred upon the problem of the steps which should be taken 
 on the establishment of the Ministry as regards the Poor Law system administered by the Local 
 Government Board. The Government had provided for the examination of the administrative 
 features or the 1 oor Law system by appointing, through the Reconstruction Committee, in July 1916 
 a Local Government Committee under the chairmanship of Sir Donald Maclean, “ to consider and 
 re P°rt upon the steps to be taken to secure the better co-ordination of public assistance in England 
 
 and Wales, and upon such other matters affecting the system of Local Government as may fronTtime 
 to tune be referred to it.” 
 
 In January, 1917, the Local Government Committee presented a Report* on the transfer 
 ot functions of Poor Law Authorities in England and Wales, in which they recommended the 
 f ^Plete transfer of the functions at present exercised by these bodies to other appropriate central 
 and local authorities. The purport of the Committee’s recommendations in their bearing upon the 
 proposals for the establishment of a Ministry of Health was to outline a scheme under which the 
 health work at present carried on as part of the Poor Law system would be merged in the General 
 health services of the community. 1 
 
 Ihe effect of the publication of this weighty Report was to bring the issues in question to the 
 practical point of determining 1 
 
 (a) whether the Government were prepared to adopt the principles recommended by the 
 Committee ; and J 
 
 (/>) if so, within what period of time the Government could undertake to give full effect to 
 these principles. 
 
 (77) Ministries of Health Bill .—The consideration of these questions, and of a draft Bill 
 prepared on the lines agreed upon as the outcome of the inter-departmental communications and the 
 other conferences mentioned above, was undertaken by the Home Affairs Committee of the War 
 Cabinet in the summer and early autumn, and on the 7th November, 1918. the introduction of 
 a Ministries of Health Bill was moved by Dr. Addison in the House of Commons and the Bill 
 was given a first reading. 
 
 [n his speech on that occasion, Dr. Addison made the following statements in regard to the 
 general scope of the Bill, and announced, in the terms given below, the decision of the Government 
 to adopt the principles recommended in the Local Government Committee’s Report, and their intention 
 of proceeding, at the earliest possible moment, to carry out the complete transfer of Poor Law 
 functions to other bodies on the lines of that Report:— 
 
 “ The main purpose of the Bill is to bring together, under one body of men and one Minister 
 the chief Government Departments concerned in matters affecting the health of the people. Until 
 
 ^ am c . onv * nce ^ ^at ^ hopeless to expect any real and substantial improvement. 
 I his Bill does not provide medical treatment for any individual. It does not affect the functions ot 
 any local authority of any kind It is purely concerned with bringing together the responsibilities 
 of the different Government Departments, both in England and in Scotland, which are concerned 
 with health matters.^ The Bill brings together, under one Minister, the powers and duties of the 
 Local Government Board and the Health Insurance Commissions of England and Wales It brings 
 in, also, the powers and duties,of the President of the Board of Education with regard to the 
 health of mothers and infants, the duties of the Privy Council with regard to midwives, and of the 
 Secretary of. State for the Home Department with regard to the protection of infant life. It 
 unites these in one Health Department, and then we take power in the Bill to brino-in as and 
 when it is possible, other considerable health duties, namely, the medical inspection and treatment of 
 school children at the present time under the charge of the Board of Education, further, all the 
 health duties of the Ministry of Pensions as regards the treatment of sick soldiers, and, finally the 
 powers of the Secretary of State with regard to lunacy and mental deficiency. It is not proposed to 
 consolidate these latter powers at this stage, because some parts of them would have to be left where 
 they are. They are involved in various administrative arrangements which it would-'take some 
 years, at least, to disentangle. ‘ A. . r,.^> 
 
 “ A g°°d d eal °f misapprehension exists with respect to this Bill, owing, perhaps, to the fact that 
 we have not been able to bring it forward earlier in consequence of the association of these services 
 with the present Po^or Law duties discharged by boards of guardians, who are responsible to the 
 Local Government Board. I may say that the bringing together of the different services which I 
 have mentioned in no way fixes to these services any Poor Law taint whatever. It is separate from 
 them hereafter as it is now, for example, from the sanitary services of the local authorities. But we 
 have had a Royal Commission—we have had an important Committee, presided over by the Deputy- 
 Chairman of Ways and Means, and I am authorised to say that the Report* of the Local Government 
 
 * Cd. 8917. 
 
28 
 
 Committee, presided over by Sir Donald Maclean, on the transfer of functions of Poor Law authorities 
 in England and Wales has been carefully considered by the Government, and that the Government 
 accept the recommendations of the Committee, that all services relating to the care and treatment 
 of the sick and infirm should not be administered as part of the Poor Law, but should be made 
 a part of the general health services of the country, and that the Government regard it as a 
 matter of urgency that effect should be given to these recommendations as soon as possible 
 The Government accept the principle that the remaining functions of the Poor Law authorities 
 should also be transferred to other bodies, but are not in a position to formulate precise proposals at 
 the present time. Any approach to the complete application of the scheme recommended by the 
 Committee will involve a considerable length of time and must be preceded by further inquiries into 
 certain questions with regard to detailed matters. The Government recognises its responsibilities for 
 making proposals on these subjects as soon as the exigencies of the Parliair entary situation permit of 
 their doing so. 
 
 “ Another important feature of the Bill is that we provide advisory or consultative councils as 
 part of the machinery of the Ministry. This proposal has been a good deal criticised in many quarters, 
 and I, for one, thoroughly believe in having at my elbow expert critics. I believe it will have a very 
 wholesome effect on administrative work in the development of the health services of this country 
 if we have live, active bodies of this kind in existence. In order that it may be made clear 
 what the functions of these advisory councils are, I propose to lay on the Table of the House 
 a draft Order in Council which sets out their functions, and has been agreed to by all concerned. 
 They are to deal with matters referred to them by the Minister. They are to be able to make 
 suggestions to the Minister as to subjects that may be referred to them. They are, also, on their own 
 initiative, to make recommendations to him. We bring together, therefore, under this Bill all the 
 important Government services which are concerned with health, and we also thereby bring under 
 one Minister the surveillance of all the local health services of the country ; and if this is achieved 
 we believe it will be possible to expect real progress with respect to the improvement of the health 
 of the people. It is essential to take this step first, because the legislation necessary to provide for 
 the full development of the health services of the country may be controversial, and certainly will be 
 difficult and involved. Therefore, it is necessary to take it in these two stages. I believe if we 
 acquire the powers sought in thn Bill we may, for the first time in this country, be able to develop 
 and ultimately to apply scientific, well thought out, and thorough health measures for the benefit of 
 our people.” 
 
 Machinery of Government Committee. 
 
 (79) The Report* of the Machinery of Government Committee of the Ministry of Reconstruction 
 has been issued as a Parliamentary Paper. 
 
 The Committee, which consisted of Lord Haldane (Chairman), Mr. E. S. Montagu, Sir Robert 
 Morant, Sir George Murray, Sir Alan Sykes, M.P., Mr. J. H. Thomas, M.P., and Mrs. Sidney Webb, 
 was appointed in July, 1917, “to inquire into the responsibilities of the various departments of the 
 central executive Government, and to advise in what manner the exercise and distribution by the 
 Government of its functions should be improved.” 
 
 The Report is signed by all the members of the Committee. It is divided into two parts, the 
 first dealing with the general principles which the Committee suggest for adoption' in Government 
 Departments, the second consisting of separate chapters illustrating the application of these principles 
 to ten of the main branches of the business of Government, namely, Finance, National Defence, 
 External Affairs, Research, Production, Employment, Government Supplies, Education, Health and 
 J ustice. 
 
 Housing. 
 
 (78) In co-operating with the administrative Departments with whom it will rest to supervise 
 the execution of the Government’s Housing policy, the Local Government Board for England and 
 Wales, and the Scottish Office and Scottish Local Government Board, the Ministry has endeavoured 
 to assist in the task of surveying the needs of the future and devising means to meet them by enlisting 
 the help of the various bodies of investigators enumerated below. 
 
 It has consistently been borne in mind that the object to be attained was to present the 
 Government with considered statements, founded upon the judgment of well qualified observers, of 
 the various alternatives necessarily open to discussion before a policy upon a matter involving financial, 
 commercial, and social problems of high importance was finally adopted. In every case, therefore, in 
 which an enquiry was initiated on the motion of the Ministry, its scope and character have been carefully 
 determined in relation to the requirements of the administrative Departments concerned and to any 
 antecedent enquiries already set on foot by them. It need, however, excite neither surprise nor regret 
 if the conclusions of these various bodies exhibit considerable divergencies upon the questions of 
 principle at issue. 
 
 The Government proceeded deliberately with the accumulation of evidence as to the main tendencies 
 of opinion upon the housing problem in order to arrive at a decision only upon a basis of full 
 information collated by a process of prolonged and often public discussion. It is not necessary in 
 
 Cd. 9230. 
 
29 
 
 this Repoit to set out the particulars of the policy adopted ; and it will be sufficient to note that the 
 following bodies of enquiry have completed or are completing the share allotted to them of the duty 
 of bringing before the Government their conclusions as to the several aspects of the problem which it 
 fell to them to discuss. 
 
 . (**0) M j nistr y °f Reconstruction Enquiries.— An Advisory Housing Panel under the chairman¬ 
 
 ship of Lord Salisbury undertook a general review of the housing question as it would present 
 
 itself at the end of the war. A memorandum* on the conclusions of the Panel was published in 
 Jpne, 1918. 
 
 The Building Materials Supply Committee appointed, under the chairmanship of Mr. J. P. 
 Carmichael, to consider the prospective requirements for building materials and the best means of 
 
 meeting them, presented a Report^ in November, 1918, on the position of the building industry 
 after the war. ° J 
 
 A Committee appointed in consultation with the President of the Local Government Board— 
 under the chairmanship of Mr. Henry Hobhouse—is considering whether financial facilities can be 
 afforded to persons and bodies, other than Local Authorities, to enable them to build workmen’s 
 houses immediately after the war; and has presented an Interim Report!, dated October 1918 on 
 Public Utility Societies. ’ ’ 
 
 A Committee under the chairmanship of Lord Hunter, appointed to advise as to the steps to be 
 taken for dealing with any difficulties arising on the Increase of Rent and Mortgage (War Restric¬ 
 tions) Act, 1915, is still sitting, but has reached an advanced stage in its deliberations. 
 
 A Sub-Committee of the Advisory Council of the Ministry was appointed under the chairmanship 
 of Lady Lmmott to give detailed consideration to the various types of workmen’s houses likely to be 
 erected after the war, “ with special reference to the convenience of the housewife.” The First 
 Interim Report§ of this Sub-Committee, dated May, 1918, has been presented and published. 
 
 (81) Local Government Board Enquiries. —The special bodies appointed by the Board to 
 consider housing problems include a Standing Conference constituted and presided over by Mr. 
 Hayes Fisher (Lord Downham) ; a Committee under the chairmanship of Sir J. Tudor Walters 
 M.1 ., on questions of building construction and methods of securing economy and dispatch in 
 the provision of working-class, dwellings, whose Report|| has been presented and published • 
 and a Committee under the chairmanship of Mr. Stephen Walsh, M.P., to consider the effect of 
 Building Bye-Laws and Local Regulations upon building and development, which has also reported.^ 
 
 (82) Other Enquiries. Mr. Raymond Unwin is presiding over a Building Materials Research 
 Committee, appointed at the suggestion of the Local Government Board, which is undertaking 
 inquiries into the suitability of various materials and methods of construction for cottages. 
 
 The Munitions Inventions Department, Ministry of Munitions, has also undertaken inquiries 
 into substitutes for existing building materials through the Chemical Committee of which Dr. A. P. 
 Laurie is Chairman. 
 
 ! a i' m *. , - * v 
 
 (83) Scotland. A complete survey of the housing problem in Scotland was made by the Royal 
 Commission, on Housing in Scotland,.appointed in 1912, which reported** in 1917, and included 
 in its purview the questions to which conditions arising out of the war had given increased 
 importance and urgency. 
 
 Chapter VIII.—Conclusion. 
 
 (81) The foregoing statement will have made it clear that whilst the energies of the Department 
 were necessarily very largely devoted to devising means for dealing with the emergencies which were 
 bound to arise immediately upon the conclusion of hostilities, every effort was made to brino- under 
 review the wider problems of the future—which, though more distant from the war, would yet be 
 profoundly affected by it with a view to indicating the conditions under which the full development 
 of the resources of the country and of the national life might best be accomplished. It mav be 
 convenient to summarise here the steps taken for meeting the immediate calls of the period following 
 the conclusion of the armistice. ° 
 
 The C()m pl e te plan for tlie Demobilisation of the Forces was in readiness for execution when 
 hostilities ceased. Military considerations had, however, prevented the Government from authorising, 
 luring the wai, the communications between employers and workmen which were required to secure 
 the speedy return of pivotal men on the cessation of hostilities ; and the unforeseen, and, indeed, 
 unforeseeable conditions under which the armistice was concluded have, up to the present, prevented 
 the beginning of general demobilisation and led to serious transport difficulties which took time to 
 surmount. It would be out of place here to refer at length to the immense labour which the War 
 Office, tne Admiralty, and the Ministry of Labour have devoted to the organisation of the general 
 plan of demobilisation and resettlement, or to the care and skill that have been directed to every detail 
 of this great and complex task. 
 
 * Cd. 9087. f Cd, 9197. } Cd. 9223. § 9166. J 9191. f Cd. 9213. 
 
 ** Cd. 8731. 
 
30 
 
 Plans for the dispersal and resettlement of the home army of civil war workers were also in 
 readiness when the time came. No human agency could have provided immediate employment for 
 all the discharged munition workers, and it is obvious that unemployment on a considerable scale 
 must be inevitable during the period in which workshops and factories which have been engaged on 
 war work will be occupied in reinstating their organisation on a Peace footing. The provision of 
 unemployment donation and the prompt release of raw materials were the two obvious measures 
 demanded by the circumstances and these were adopted. The rest depends, in main, on the energy 
 and enterprise of manufacturers and workpeople engaged in the work of re-equipment, and it may be 
 repeated here that the governing lines of the scheme for demobilising the Forces were devised with a 
 view to assisting in the smooth and rapid restoration of industry. Complete schedules of public 
 works held back by the War have been prepared with a view to meeting demands for temporary 
 employment. 
 
 The measures taken for directing the control of materials have already been fully described. 
 Happily the fear of a shortage of tonnage which threatened at one time to hamper industry and to 
 call for a continuance of rationing and priority has not been justified, and the same may be said of the 
 apprehended world shortage of certain commodities. If, however, matters had turned out otherwise 
 it may be claimed with confidence that the organisation set up by the Minister with the co-operation 
 of the trading and industrial community offered the best solution to a difficult and harassing problem, 
 because whilst retaining a power of control vested in the State it secured the concurrence and co¬ 
 operation of the community through their representatives. 
 
 The arrangements come to on the Ministry’s suggestion by which the Departments concerned 
 co-operated for releasing storage accommodation at the ports, have worked with smoothness and 
 efficiency, and the assumption by the Ministry of Munitions and Supplies of the responsibility for 
 the disposal of war stores and property brings the weight and experience of a great and proved 
 organisation to bear upon one of the largest and most difficult of post-war problems. 
 
 The measure passed at the end of the session for retaining the wage standard in controlled 
 industries has had the effect of regularising, for the time being, the wages position in the more 
 important industries. 
 
 The Departments concerned have, for many months past, been engaged in working out schemes 
 of land settlement, and legislation is now ready for providing the necessary assistance for soldiers and 
 others who wish to take up land, or to be trained in order to do so. 
 
 It is obvious that many of the problems of the transition period merge into those of the 
 succeeding period and no hard and fast line can be drawn between them. Housing, public health, 
 the reform of the land system, and the promotion of improved methods of cultivation aie cases 
 in point. 
 
 The lines of a great housing programme have been decided on by the Government and the 
 legislative proposals required to facilitate its execution are shortly to be submitted to Parliament. 
 Meanwhile the situation in regard to supplies of labour and materials is developing favourably. 
 Since the Ministry was. first formed, it has been recognised that the provision of adequate house- 
 room, and of an effective public health service, are vital parts of any scheme of Reconstruction. The 
 Bill for setting up a Ministry of Health, carrying with it the abolition of the existing system of 
 poor law, has been introduced, and if, as may be hoped, rapid progress is made with an adequate and 
 considered scheme of housing concurrently with the establishment of a Ministry of Health, 
 guarantees will have been given for the future well-being of the people which will have no small 
 part in repairing the havoc and wastage of the war. 
 
 The whole question of the terms of the transfer of land required for public purposes has been 
 exhaustively considered and proposals for' establishing a suitable Sanctioning Authority and for 
 substituting, in place of the Land Clauses Acts, a simple and equitable system ol valuation have 
 already been made public. The bearing of these proposals upon schemes of land reclamation, 
 afforestation, housing, industrial development, and the whole category of public works which falls 
 within the sphere of local authorities is obvious, and the simplification and cheapening of procedure 
 involved will, it is hoped, do much to liberate industry and enterprise from some of the gravest 
 hindrances which have hitherto impeded them. 
 
 The institution of Industrial Councils and of Interim Industrial Reconstruction Committees on 
 the lines recommended in the Whitley Report provides a means for the joint discussion of questions 
 of mutual interest by manufacturers and workmen, and the response of the trades gives promise both 
 of a wide extension of those bodies and of future developments in the direction of an industrial 
 policy based on joint responsibility and mutual understanding. 
 
 The Report of Lord Haldane’s Committee on Coal Conservation and the development and 
 utilisation of power, and the further inquiries to which it led will no doubt be followed by 
 legislation for the establishment of a national power service. It is generally agreed that the twofold 
 problem of conserving our fuel resources and developing to their full extent the natural resources of 
 the country are bound up with the creation of such a service. 
 
 By the establishment of the Imperial Mineral Resources Bureau it is hoped that a complete 
 survey of the mineral resources of the Empire will be secured, together with the most competent 
 advice as to their development and the disposal of minerals. 
 
 The survey of industry and its post-bellum requirements undertaken by Lord Balfour of 
 Burleigh’s Committee was followed by an exhaustive report by Lord Seiborne’s Committee into the 
 
31 
 
 requirements of Agriculture. The reports of both took full account of the experience gained in the 
 war. Action has already been taken on some of the recommendations made and others are now 
 under the consideration of the Government. 
 
 Amongst the other subjects brought under review either by Committees or in the Department, 
 and to which reference has already been made, it may be convenient to summarise the following 
 here :— 
 
 1. The Restoration of Trade Union Conditions (Para. 47). 
 
 2. Trade Combinations (on which a report will shortly be issued by Mr. McCurdy’s 
 
 Committee). 
 
 3. Adult Education (on which two Interim Reports have been issued by the Master of 
 
 Baliiol’s Committee). (Para. 58.) 
 
 4. Opportunities for the employment of women. (The Report of Major Hill’s Committee will 
 
 be issued shortly.) 
 
 5. The Machinery of Government. (The Report of Lord Haldane’s Committee has been 
 
 published). (Para. 79.) 
 
 6. Financial Facilities and the Risks Attaching to the Holding of Stocks (on which 
 
 Committees presided over by Sir R. Vassar Smith and Mr. F. C. Harrison have 
 
 reported). (Para. 23.) 
 
 7. Openings for Hew Industries in the Engineering Trades. (The Report of Mr. McLaren’s 
 
 Committee has recently been published.) (Para. 28.) 
 
 i 
 
 8. Afforestation. (The report of Mr. F. D. Acland’s Committee has been published). 
 
 (Para. 67'). 
 
 9. Means for attracting returning sailors and soldiers to the land. (Para. 69). 
 
 10. Improvements in Transport. (Para. 31). 
 
 A careful study has also been made, with the assistance of experts, of the group of questions 
 affecting the employment of juvenile workers, an international code of industrial legislation, the 
 extension of unemployment insurance and the problem of unemployment, industrial courts, pensions 
 for widows? the conditions of domestic service, emigration, the conditions of employment of 
 merchant seamen and firemen, and the opportunities for women in agriculture. 
 
 Although the field covered by the Ministry was a large one the work has been accomplished by a 
 staff of 140, and the amount expended on salaries, wages, travelling and other incidental expenses, 
 borne on the estimates of the Department, during the sixteen months dealt with in the Report was 
 under £30,000. 
 
 In conclusion it must be said that the Ministry has been enabled to discharge the duties entrusted 
 to it only by the generous co-operation of the executive Departments, rendered very often under the 
 pressure of the heavy pre-occupations and the acute shortage of staffs occasioned by the war. Its 
 debt is equally great to the many representative men and women, who have ungrudgingly given their 
 services to the Department. 
 
32 
 
 Appendix I. 
 
 (i) Committees appointed by the Prime Minister (Mr. Asquith) in connection with the 
 
 First Reconstruction Committee. 
 
 ACQUISITION OF POWERS COMMITTEE. 
 
 The Right Hon. Sir George H. Murray, G.C.B. {Chairman). 
 
 Mr. Lewis Beard. Sir Courtenay Ilbert, G.C.B., K.C.S.I. 
 
 Mr. Henry Campbell. Sir Samuel Provis, K.C.B. 
 
 Sir James M. Dodds, K.C.B. (Scottish Office). Mr. Garnham Roper, C.B. (Board of Trade). 
 
 The Rt. Hon. Henry Hobhouse. 
 
 Mr. E. D. Macgregor. Local Government Board {Secretary). 
 
 Terms of Reference. 
 
 To consider -what steps can be taken to reduce the cost and simplify the process of obtaining Parliamentary 
 Powers for the execution of public works and otherwise, with particular reference to the following points :— 
 
 (1) The extension of the Provisional Order system, particularly in relation to the acquisition of water by 
 
 local authorities ; 
 
 (2) The desirability of moving Parliament to appoint a Select Committee of both Houses of Parliament to 
 
 consider the simplification of the procedure in the case of Private Bills and otherwise. 
 
 Report published {See Appendix III). 
 
 Capt. Charles Bathurst, M.P. (The 
 Bledisloe). 
 
 Mr. C. M. Douglas, D.Sc. 
 
 The Right Hon. Sir Ailwyn Fellowes, K.C.V.O., 
 K.B.E. 
 
 Mr. W. J. Fitzherbert-Brockholes. 
 
 Mr. A. D. Hall, F.R.S. 
 
 Mr. W. A. Haviland. 
 
 AGRICULTURAL POLICY COMMITTEE. 
 
 The Earl of Selborne, K.G., G.C.M.G. {Chairman). 
 Lord 
 
 Professor C. Bryner Jones, M.Sc. 
 
 The Right Rev. Dr. Kelly, Bishop of Ross. 
 
 The Right Hon. Sir Horace C. Plunkett, K.C.V.O., F.R.S. 
 The Right Hon. R. E. Prothero, M.V.O., M.P. 
 
 Mr. G. G. Rea. 
 
 Mr. G. H. Roberts, M.P. 
 
 The Hon. E. G. Strutt. 
 
 Sir Matthew Wallace. 
 
 Mr. H. L. French, Board of Agriculture and Fisheries. 
 
 Mr. Alexander Goddard, Secretary of the Surveyors’ Institution. 
 
 {Secretaries). 
 
 Terms of Reference. 
 
 Having regard to the need of increasing home-grown food supplies in the interest of national security, to 
 consider and report upon the methods of effecting such increase. 
 
 Report published {See Appendix III). 
 
 ALIENS COMMITTEE. 
 
 The Right Hon. Sir George Cave, K.C., M.P. {Chairman). 
 
 Sir James Dodds, K.C.B., or Mr. John Lamb, 
 Scottish Office. 
 
 Mr. John E. Ferard, C.B.E., India Office. 
 
 Mr. A. B. Lowry, Local Government Board. 
 Mr. H. W. Malkin, Foreign Office. 
 
 Mr. John Pedder, C.B., Home Office. 
 
 Sir. H. J. Read, K.C.M.G., C.B., Colonial Office. 
 
 Sir E. Troup, K.C.B., Home Office. 
 
 Lieut.-Col. E. B. Holt Wilson, D.S.O., War Office. 
 
 Mr. J. F. Williams, C.B.E., Home Office {Secretary). 
 
 Terms of Reference. 
 
 To consider— 
 
 (a) The questions which will arise at the end of the war in connection with the presence in this country of 
 persons of enemy nationality, and whether the repatriation of such persons is desirable, and, if so, in 
 what cases. 
 
 {b) What restrictions, if any, should be imposed after the war on the admission of aliens to this country and 
 their residence here. 
 
 (c) Whether any changes in the law or practice of nationalisation have been shown by the experience of the 
 war to be required in the public interest. 
 
 Report not published. 
 
 COAL CONSERVATION COMMITTEE. 
 
 The Viscount Haldane of Cloan, O.M., K.T. {Chairman). 
 
 Sir George Beilby, F.R.S. 
 Professor W. A. Bone, F.R.S. 
 Mr. W. Forster Brown. 
 
 Mr. Guy Calthrop. 
 
 Dr. Charles Carpenter. 
 
 Mr. Arthur Cooper. 
 
 Dr. J. S. Haldane, F.R.S. 
 
 Mr. J. Kemp. 
 
 Mr. Charles H. Merz. 
 
 Sir. Adam Nimmo, K.B.E. 
 
 Sir R. A. S. Redmayne, K.C.B., Home Office. 
 Mr. C. E. Rhodes. 
 
 Mr. Robert Smillie. 
 
 Mr. Charles P. Sparks. 
 
 Dr. A. Strahan, F.R.S., Geological Survey. 
 Mr. Benjamin Talbot. 
 
 Mr. A. D. McNair, Board of Trade, ^ 
 
 Mr. R. W. Stanners, Department of Scientific V {Secretaries). 
 and Industrial Research, J 
 

 33 
 
 To consider and advise— 
 
 Terms of Reference. 
 
 (1) What improvements can be effected in the present methods of mining coal with a view to prevent loss 
 
 of coal in working and to minimise cost of production. 
 
 (2) What improvements can be effected in the present methods of using coal for the production of power, light 
 
 and heat, and of recovering bye-products, with a view to ensure the greatest possible economy in 
 t production and the most advantageous use of the coal substance. 
 
 (3) Whether with a view to our maintaining our industrial and commercial position it is desirable that any 
 
 steps should be taken in the near future, and if so what steps, to secure the development of new 
 coalfields or extensions of coalfields already being worked. 
 
 Sub-Committees. 
 
 Mining Sub-Committee.— Sir Adam Nimmo, K.B.E. {Chairman). 
 
 Power Generation and Transmission Sub-Committee.— Mr. Charles Merz {Chairman). 
 Carbonisation Sub-Committee.— Sir George Beilby {Chairman). 
 
 Terms of Reference. 
 
 The question of the application of carbonisation to the preparation of fuel for industrial and commercial 
 purposes. 
 
 Geological Sub-Committee.— Dr. A. Strahan {Chairman). 
 Reports published. {See Appendix III.) 
 
 COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL POLICY COMMITTEE. 
 
 The Rt. Hon. Lord Balfour of 
 
 Mr. Arthur Balfour. 
 
 Sir H. Birchenough, K.O.M.G. 
 
 Sir Alfred Booth, Bart. 
 
 The Rt. Hon. Lord Colwyn. 
 
 The Rt. Hon. Lord Faringdon. 
 
 Mr. H. Gosling, C.H. 
 
 Mr. Richard Hazelton. 
 
 Sir Charles Henry, Bart., M.P. 
 
 Sir Clarendon Golding Hyde. 
 
 Sir William McCormick, L.L.D. 
 
 Sir Alexander McDowell, G.B.E. 
 
 Burleigh, K.T., G.C.M.G., G.C.Y.O. {Chairman). 
 
 Sir Gerard A. Muntz, Bart. 
 
 Sir Adam Nimmo, K.B.E. 
 
 Mr. John O’Neill. 
 
 The Hon. Sir C. A. Parsons, K.C.B., F.R.S. 
 Sir William Pearce, M.P. 
 
 Mr. Arthur F. Pease. 
 
 Sir William Priestley. 
 
 Sir J. A. Roxburgh. 
 
 Mr. G. Scoby Smith. 
 
 Sir A. Williamson, Bart., M.P. 
 
 Mr. Percy Ashley, Board of Trade 
 Mr. G. C. Upcott, Treasury 
 
 {Secretaries). 
 
 Terms of Reference. 
 
 To consider the commercial and industrial policy to be adopted after the War, with special reference to the 
 conclusions reached at the Economic Conference of the Allies, and to the following questions :— 
 
 (a) What industries are essential to the future safety of the nation : and what steps should be taken to 
 maintain or establish them. 
 
 {b) What steps should be taken to recover home and foreign trade lost during the War, and to secure new 
 markets. 
 
 (c) To what extent and by what means the resources of the Empire should, and can be developed. 
 
 {d) To what, extent and by what means the sources of supply within the Empire can be prevented from 
 falling under foreign control. 
 
 Reports published. {See Appendix III.) 
 
 * DEMOBILISATION OF THE ARMY COMMITTEE. 
 
 The Right Hon. E. S. Montagu, M.P. {Chairman). 
 
 Mr. A. Bellamy, C.B.E. 
 
 Sir R. H. Brade, K.C.B., War Office. 
 Major-General B. F. Burnett-Hitchcock, C.B., 
 D.S.O., War Office. 
 
 Mr. H. B. Butler, Ministry of Labour. 
 
 Mr. Guy Calthrop. 
 
 Mr. E. J. Cheney, C.B., Board of Agriculture and 
 Fisheries. 
 
 The Right Hon. Sir William J. Goulding, Bart., D.L. 
 Lieut.-Colonel Sir M. P. A. Hankey, K.C.B., 
 Secretary, Committee of Imperial Defence. 
 
 Sir Clarendon Golding Hyde. 
 
 Mr. C. F. Rey, Ministry of Labour. 
 
 Mr. F. W. Leith Ross, Treasury. 
 
 Sir David Shackleton, K.C.B. 
 
 Mr. R. Young, O.B.E. 
 
 Mr. G. C. Upcott 
 Mr. W. A. Colegate 
 
 | {Secretaries). 
 
 Terms of Reference. 
 
 To consider and report upon the arrangements for the return to civil employment of officers and men serving 
 in the land forces of the Crown at the end of the war. 
 
 Reports not published. 
 
 Officers Re-Settlement Sub-Committee. 
 
 Sir Reginald H. Brade, K.C.B. {Chairman). 
 
 Captain Tufton P. PI. Beamish, C.B., R.N. Lieut.-Colonel Sir Arthur Leetham. 
 
 Major-General B. F. Burnett-Hitchcock, C.B., Mr. H. C. Marks. 
 
 D.S 0., Director of Mobilisation. 
 
 Mr. E. K. Chambers, C.B. 
 
 Lieut.-Colonel Earle. 
 
 Sir Alfred Goodson. 
 
 Sir Cyril Jackson, K.B.E. 
 
 Lieut.-Colonel R. H. More. 
 Sir H. E. Morgan, K.B.E. 
 Mr. J. S. Nicholson. 
 Lieut.-Colonel W. Shirley. 
 
 Mr. A. R. McBain, O.B.E. 
 Mr. F. J. H. Darton 
 
 {Joint Secretaries). 
 
 A Committee, under the Chairmanship of Sir R. N. Brade, K.C.B., was also appointed to co-ordinate the work of all the Departments 
 concerned with Demobilisation. 
 
34 
 
 Terms of Reference. 
 
 To consider and report what arrangements require to be and can be made on demobilisation for re-settlement 
 of officers in civil life, and also of men belonging to classes to which, in the main, officers belong. 
 
 Reports Not Published. 
 
 FORESTRY COMMITTEE. 
 
 The Right Hon. F. D. Acland, M.P. (Chairman). 
 
 Mr. L. C. Bromley, Treasury. 
 
 The Right Hon. Lord R. F. Cavendish, Development 
 Commission. 
 
 Major the Viscount de Vesci. 
 
 Lieut.-Colonel F. D. W. Drummond. 
 
 Mr. A. C. Forbes, F.H.A.S. 
 
 Sir John Harmood-Banner, M.P. 
 
 Major-General the Lord Lovat, K.C.V.O., C.B., D.S.O. 
 
 Mr. T. H. Middleton, C.B., Board of Agriculture 
 and Fisheries. 
 
 Professor Sir W. Schlich, K.C.I.E., F.R.S. 
 
 Sir John Stirling-Muxwell, Bart. 
 
 Mr. J. D. Sutherland, Board of Agriculture for 
 Scotland. 
 
 Mr. S. Walsh, M.P. 
 
 Mr. W. Tyson Wilson, M.P. 
 
 Mr. R. L. Robinson, His Majesty’s Office of Woods, &c. (Secretary). 
 
 Terms of Reference. 
 
 To consider and report upon the best means of conserving and developing the woodland and forestry resources 
 of the United Kingdom, having regard to the experience gained during the war. 
 
 Report Published. (See Appendix III.) 
 
 COMMITTEE ON RELATIONS BETWEEN EMPLOYERS AND EMPLOYED. 
 
 The Right Hon. J. H. Whitley, M.P. (Chairman). 
 
 Miss Susan Lawrence. 
 
 Mr. J. J. Mallon. 
 
 Sir Thomas R. Ratcliffe-Ellis. 
 
 Mr. Robert Smillie. 
 
 Sir Allan M. Smith, K.B.E. 
 
 Miss Mona Wilson. 
 
 Mr. W. Hill. 
 
 Sir Maurice Levy, Bart. 
 
 Mr. H. J. Wilson, C.B.E., Ministry of Labour ) . . > . 
 
 Mr. A. Greenwood, Ministry of Reconstruction J ^ eci e arus )• 
 
 Terms of Reference. 
 
 1. To make and consider suggestions for securing a permanent improvement in the relations between employers 
 and workmen. 
 
 2. To recommend means for securing that industrial conditions affecting the relations between employers and 
 workmen shall be systematically reviewed by those concerned, with a view to improving conditions in the future. 
 
 Reports Published. (See Appendix III.) 
 
 Mr. F. S. Button. 
 
 Sir George J. Carter, K.B.E. 
 
 Professor S. J. Chapman, C.B.E. 
 
 Sir G. H. Claughton, Bart. 
 
 Mr. J. R. Clynes, M.P. 
 
 Mr. J. A. Hobson. 
 
 Added after the issue of the first Report:— 
 Mr. F. N. Hepworth. 
 
 Mr. D. R. H. Williams. 
 
 WOMEN’S EMPLOYMENT COMMITTEE. 
 Major J. W. Hills, M.P. (Chairman).* 
 
 Miss A. M. Anderson, C.B.E., Home Office. 
 
 Mr. W. H. Beveridge, C.B. 
 
 1 ord Henry Cavendish-Bentinck, M.P. 
 
 Miss C. E. Collet, Ministry of Labour. 
 
 Miss Ada Crabbie. 
 
 Miss B. M. Cunnington, Board of Education. 
 
 Mr. Malcolm Delevingne, K.C.B , Home Office. 
 Miss F. H. Durham, C.B.E., Ministry of Labour. 
 Sir W. M. Fletcher, K.B.E., Sc.D., M.D., F.R.S. 
 Mr. R. H. Glanfield. 
 
 Miss Susan Lawrence. 
 
 Miss McQueen. 
 
 Mr. J. J. Mallon. 
 
 Miss E B. Mitchell. 
 
 Mr. B. II. Morgan, Ministry of Munitions. 
 
 Miss M. M. Paterson. 
 
 Mr. T. W. Phillips, C.B.E., Ministry of Labour. 
 
 Miss Gertrude M. Tuckwell. 
 
 Sir R. V Vassar Smith, Bart. 
 
 Sir A. Whitelegge, K.C.B., M.D., Home Office. 
 
 Mrs. Roland Wilkins, Board of Agriculture and 
 Fisheries. 
 
 Miss Mona Wilson. 
 
 Mr. G. T, Reid, Ministry of Labour \ ,„ . . . 
 Miss Constance Smith, Home Office J ^ '* 
 
 Terms of Reference. 
 
 To consider and advise in the light of experience gained during the war upon the opportunities for the 
 employment of women, and the conditions of such employment, in clerical, commercial, agricultural and industrial 
 occupations after the war. 
 
 Report not yet submitted. 
 
 * The Rt. Hon. Sir John Simon, K.C., M.P., acted as Chairman of the Committee during the earlier stages of its work. 
 
(ii) Committees Appointed by the Prime Minister (Mr. Lloyd Georg-e) in connection with the 
 
 Second Reconstruction Committee. 
 
 COMMITTEE ON THE ACQUISITION OF LAND 
 
 FOR PUBLIC PURPOSES. 
 
 Mr. A. S. Comyns Carr 
 Sir Harcourt E. Clare. 
 Mr. J. Inglis Davidson. 
 Mr. Dixon H. Davies. 
 Mr. Ellis Davies. 
 
 Mr. Leslie Scott, K.C., M.P. (Chairman). 
 
 Mr. George M. Freeman, K.C. 
 
 Sir William S. Haldane, W.S. 
 
 Mr. Howard Martin, P.P.S.I. 
 
 Sir William Middlebrook, M.P. 
 
 Sir Arthur Timing, K.C.B. 
 
 Mr. H. Eustace Davies ( Secretary). 
 
 Mr. Bernard H. Drake Secretary). 
 
 Terms of Reference. 
 
 To consider and report upon the defects in the existing system of law and practice involved in the acquisition 
 
 and valuation of land for public purposes ; and to recommend any changes that may be desirable in the public 
 interest. 
 
 Two Interim Reports submitted and published. {See Appendix III.) 
 
 Mr. A. S. Comyns Carr, 
 Sir Harcourt E. Clare. 
 Mr. J. Inglis Davidson. 
 Mr. Dixon H. Davies. 
 Mr. Ellis Davies. 
 
 Mining Sub-Committee. 
 
 Mr. Leslie Scott, K.C., M.P. {Chairman). 
 
 * Mr. George M. Freeman, K.C. 
 
 Sir William Haldane, W.S. 
 
 Mr. Howard Martin, P.P.S.I. 
 Sir William Middlebrook, M.P. 
 Sir Arthur Thring, K.C.B. 
 
 Additional Members with Special Experience on Mining Questions. 
 
 Mr. W. Forster Brown. Mr. C. E. Rhodes. 
 
 Sir Adam Nimmo, K.B.E. Mr. Stephen Walsh, M.P. 
 
 Sir Thomas Ratcliff e-Ellis. Sir R, Elliott-Cooper, K.C.B. 
 
 Mr. H. Eustace Davies {Secretary). 
 
 Mr. Bernard H. Drake {Asst. Secretary). 
 
 Terms of Reference. 
 
 To consider and report:— 
 
 (1) Whether, and if so, to what extent the general principles appropriate to the Acquisition and Valuation of 
 land for public purposes should be applicable to the special case of mines and minerals. 
 
 (2 ) What action is desirable to meet the difficulty of obtaining on reasonable terms— 
 
 (a) Way leaves both above and below ground. 
 
 {b) Surface Rights. 
 
 When such Wayleaves or Surface Rights are required for the erection or extension of plant or premises in 
 connection with the development of the Nation’s mineral resources. 
 
 (3) Generally, whether any, and if so what, action is desirable to limit or extinguish the loss to the Nation 
 
 occasioned by leaving valuable products in mines for the purpose of supporting the surface, or as 
 barriers, or by being landlocked, or by restrictive covenants or otherwise. 
 
 (4) AVhat changes are advisable in the law in connection with questions of support. 
 
 Report not yet submitted. 
 
 Land Transfer Sub-Committee. 
 
 Mr. Leslie Scott. 
 
 Mr. A. S. Comyns Carr. 
 
 Mr. Dixon H. Davies. 
 
 Mr. George M. Freeman, K.C. 
 
 Mr. W. L. Hichens. 
 
 Mr. Howard Martin, P.P.S.I. 
 
 Sir William Middlebrook, M.P. 
 
 K.C., M.P. {Chairman). 
 
 Sir Thomas Ratcliffe-Ellis. 
 
 Mr. A. E. Russell, K.C. 
 
 Sir Claud Schuster, K.C.B. 
 
 Sir Walter Troaver 
 
 Mr. Arthur Underhill, M.A., LL.D. 
 
 Mr. H. AA r ilson-Fox, M.P. 
 
 Mr. Alfred Topham ( Legal Assistant to the Chairman). 
 Mr. FI. Eustace Davies {Secretary). 
 
 Mr. Bernard H. Drake {Assistant Secretary). 
 
 Terms of Reference. 
 
 “ l’° consider the present position of Land Transfer in England and Wales, and to advise what action should be 
 taken to facilitate and cheapen the Transfer of Land.” 
 
 Report not yet submitted. 
 
ADULT EDUCATION COMMITTEE. 
 
 Mrs J. Baker. 
 
 Sir C-irahairi Balfour. 
 Mr. E. Bevin. 
 
 Mr. Wilson Clayton. 
 Mr. R. Climie. 
 
 Mr. C. T. Cramp. 
 Mrs. T. Huws Davis. 
 Mr. J. H Doncaster. 
 Mi. R. G. Hatton. 
 
 The Master of Balliol (Chairman). 
 
 Mr. Frank Hodges. 
 
 Sir Henry Jones. 
 
 Mr. A. Mansbridge. 
 
 Sir Henry Miers. 
 
 Mr. J. Morton. 
 
 Canon R. S. J. Parry, D.D. 
 
 Mr. R. H. Tawney. 
 
 Mr. T. H. J. IJnderdown. 
 
 The Rev. B. A. Yeaxlee. 
 
 Mr. E. S. Cartwright 
 Mr. Arthur Greenwood 
 
 (Secretaries). 
 
 Terms of Reference. 
 
 To consider the provision for, and possibilities of, Adult Education (other than technical or vocational) in Great 
 Britain, and to make recommendations. 
 
 Two Interim Reports submitted and published. (See Appendix III.) 
 
 CIVIL WAR WORKERS’ COMMITTEE. 
 
 Mr. Gerald Bellhouse, C.B.E., Home Office (Chairman). 
 
 The Right Hon. F. D. Acland, M.P., Board of Agri¬ 
 culture and Fisheries. 
 
 Mr. J. A. N. Barlow. C.B.E., Ministry of Munitions. 
 Mr. A. Bellamy, C.B.E. 
 
 Mrs. M. J. Bell-Richards. 
 
 Mr. W. H. Beveridge, C.B., Board of Trade. 
 
 Mr. H. B. Butler, Ministry of Labour. 
 
 Mr. J. A. Dale, War Office (Contracts Department). 
 Mr. G. Dallas. 
 
 Mr. R. Dumas. 
 
 Sir Clarendon Hyde. 
 
 Mr. Ernest Jai'dine. 
 
 Miss A. Susan Lawrence. 
 
 Mr. Charles A. Lister, C.B.E. 
 
 Mr. J. J. Mallon. * 
 
 Mr. D. S.'Marjoribanks. 
 
 Dr. Marion Phillips. 
 
 Mr. C. F. Rey, Ministry of Labour. 
 
 Mr. R. Young, O.B.E. 
 
 Mr. H. Wolfe, C.B.E., Ministry 7 of Munitions. 
 
 Mr. Robert Young, O.B.E. 
 
 Miss A. K. Leach (Secretary). 
 
 Terms of Reference. 
 
 To consider and report upon the arrangements which should be made for the demobilisation of workers engaged 
 during the Avar in National Factories, Controlled Establishments, in other firms engaged in the production of 
 munitions of war and on Government contracts, or in firms where substitute labour has been employed for the 
 duration of the war. 
 
 Reports Published. (See Appendix III.) 
 
 LOCAL GOVERNMENT COMMITTEE. 
 
 The Right Hon. Sir Donald Maclean, K.B.E., M.P. (Chairman). ■ 
 
 Mr. R. J. Curtis. Mr. H. G. Pritchard. 
 
 Mr. R. Donald. Sir S. B. Provis, K.C.B. 
 
 The Right Hon. Lord George Hamilton, G.C.S.I. Dr. John Robertson, B.Sc. 
 
 Mr. S. Montagu Harris. Mr. A. V. Symonds, C.B. (Local Government Board). 
 
 Mr. Spurley Hey. The Right Hon. J. H. Thomas, M.P. 
 
 Sir R. L. Morant, K.C.B. Mrs. Sidney Webb., 
 
 Mr. R. C. Norman. 
 
 Mr. R. G. Duff, Local Government Board (Secretary). 
 
 Terms of Reference. 
 
 0 
 
 To consider and report upon the steps to be taken to secure the better co-ordination of Public Assistance in 
 England and Wales and upon such other matters affecting the system of Local Government as may from time t<> 
 time be referred to it. 
 
 Report published. (See Appendix III.) 
 
 MACHINERY OF GOVERNMENT COMMITTEE. 
 
 The Viscount Haldane of Cloan, O.M., K.T. (Chairman). 
 
 The Right Hon. E. S. Montagu, M.P. Colonel Sir Alan Sykes, Bart., M.P. 
 
 Sir R. L. Morant, K.C.B. The Right Hon. J. H. Thomas, M.P. 
 
 The Right Hon. Sir G. H. Murray, G.C.B. Mrs. Sidney Webb. 
 
 Mr. Michael Heseltine (Secretary). 
 
 Terms of Reference. 
 
 To enquire into the responsibilities of the various Departments of the central executive Government, and to 
 advise in what manner the exercise and distribution by the Government of its functions should be improved. 
 
 Report published. (See Aprpendix III.) 
 
37 
 
 (iii) List of Committees appointed by the Minister of Reconstruction. 
 
 COMMITTEE ON THE INTERPRETATION OF THE TERM “ PERIOD OF THE WAR.’ 
 
 (Appointed in conjunction with the Attorney General.) 
 
 Mr. G. A. H. Branson. 
 
 Mr. J. H. Balfour Browne, K.C. 
 Mr. P. 0. Lawrence, K.C. 
 
 Mr. Justice Atkin {Chairman). 
 
 Mr.,R. F. Norton, K.C. 
 
 Mr. Justice Roche. 
 
 Mr. C. A. Russell, K.C. 
 
 Mr. Roland Burrows {Secretary). 
 
 Terms of Reference. 
 
 nf To enquire into the legal questions that may arise as to the determination of the date of the termination 
 
 VanOUS ACtB ’ 0r “ ers ’ and the " r aepeml. Uireo.1, or 
 
 attestaUon “ p0 - n “Wmeaning of the form or forms of temporary commission and voluntary 
 
 attestation in use 1 n H. M .Forces since the beginning of the war with a view to determining the rights of officers 
 
 desirable ° ^ r ° m H M ' Services at lts termination, and to make any recommendations thereon which seem 
 
 anv Wi s t L C iv? ider fn he < f eCt ° f the tertnination of the war upon Government and private contracts, and whether 
 
 (d) to consider h th r T neG69Sary to assist in determining questions likely to arise in this connection ; 
 
 (GO to consider the effect upon contracts of apprenticeship and other arrangements for learning a trade or 
 
 profession entered into by officers and men now serving in H.M. Forces of (i) voluntary acceptance of a commis 
 
 thm-eT^which seem'desirable^ 01 ^ (W) ““ termination ° f »«d to make any recommendations 
 
 and to report thereon. 
 
 Report published. {See Appendix III.) 
 
 COMMITTEE ON SUPPLY OF BUILDING MATERIALS. 
 
 Mr. J. Carmichael, J.P., Chairman. 
 
 2? Benn ' K - B - E - M P - Mr. .1. Walter Smith, v.I.C.E., F.8.I. 
 
 .vir. u. «. uroad. Mr ,J Storrs J P 
 
 Sn- Maurice Bonham Carter, K.C.V.O., K.C.B. Sir'J.TudorValters, M.P. 
 
 Mr. W. J°Jones, C.B.E, Mr ' H ' D ' Searies - w o°d. F.R.I.B.A. 
 
 Captain B. M. Cutbush {Secretary). 
 
 Terms of Reference. 
 
 in n° ei . iqui , re 1 . nt ° * he extent of the probable demand fo.r building materials for all purposes which will arise 
 th p m try during the transition period, and the extent of the available supply and form of such material. 
 
 in increasing^hem and how h t e h qUa ?ffl ieS n^ materi , al now available are capable of increase, what are the difficulties 
 
 tion vvilfafffct^re'jndce^f’mateHak!^ 0 ’ 1 ^ 168 * rem ° V6d ’ an< * ‘° rep ° rt *° what extent “ iMr ease ™ Pr°d»c- 
 
 consider’th^nrimdnles andmaterial or lab °ur being insufficient to fulfil the total building demand, to 
 be ^x a Cd D T ^ ^ ^ or’tfie’materTa/^’sYtb^as^huy^re^^ shall 
 
 recommemi Z23 S 5 
 
 ]iru i n 4 ,' ^f r f rall - y t0 conaider and report upon any conditions affecting the building trades which tend to cause 
 unduly high prices, and to make recommendations in regard to any measure of control which it may be desirable 
 to exercise over the purchase, production, transport, or distribution of material. J <les,rahle 
 
 7 ico reports submitted to date and published. {See Appendix III.) 
 
 Sir John Bradbury, K.C.B. 
 Mr. A. E. L. Chorlton. C.B.E. 
 Mr. E. Brocklehnrst Fielden. 
 Sir Algernon F. Firth. Bart. 
 Mr. Robert Fleming. 
 
 Mr. A. C. D. Gaiidner. 
 
 FINANCIAL FACILITIES COMMITTEE. 
 (Appointed in conjunction with the Treasury.) 
 
 Sir Richard V. Vassar-Smith, Bart, {Chairman). 
 
 Mr. F. C. Goo (enough. 
 Mr. H. C. Hambro. 
 
 Sir Alexander Roger. 
 
 Mr. John Sampson. 
 
 Mr. A. W. Tait, 
 
 Mr. R. C. Smallwood {Secretary). 
 
 Terms of Reference. 
 
 inek^ofTxisliiSa 1 banMn^an ^ nonn ?\ "rangemants for the provision of financial facilities for trade by 
 (lurlnor the in ! od immedfatelv fnffi " hna + GGia institutions will be adequate to meet the needs of British industry 
 they should be sunnlemempd* ! i i"? termination of the war, and, if not, by what emergency arrangement 
 , n \ to fflpilhatp fi ’ °. 1< J ^ in g had in particular to the special assistance which may be necessary :— 
 
 (M to meet the excenHnnJf^' 1 ° f T? 8 ^ factories novv engaged upon war work to normal production ; 
 
 ( t the exceptional demands for raw materials arising from the depletion of stocks. 
 
 Report published. {See Appendix III.) 
 
 
COMMITTED ON CURRENCY AND 
 
 FOREIGN 
 
 EXCHANGES. 
 
 (Appointed in conjunction with the Treasury.) 
 
 Sir Charles Addis. 
 
 The Hon. Rupert Beckett. 
 Sir John Bradbury, K.C.B. 
 Mr. G. C. Cassels. 
 
 Mr. F. Gaspard Farrer. 
 
 The Hon. Herbert Gibbs. 
 Mr. W. H. N. Goschen. 
 
 Lord Cunliffe, G.B.E. (Chairman). 
 
 Lord Inchcape of Strathnaver, G.C.M.G. (K.C.S.I., 
 K.C.LE.) 
 
 Mr. R. W. Jeans. 
 
 Mr. A. C. Pigou. 
 
 Mr. G. F. Stewart, D.L., F.S.I. 
 
 Mr. William Wallace. 
 
 Mr. G. C. Upcott (Secretary). 
 
 Terms Of Reference. 
 
 To consider the various problems which will arise in connection with currency and the foreign exchanges 
 during the period of reconstruction and report upon the steps required to bring about the restoration of normal 
 conditions in due course ; and to consider the working of the Bank Act 1844, and the constitution and functions of 
 the Bank of England with a view to recommending any alterations which may appear to them to be necessary or 
 desirable. 
 
 Interim Report published. (See appendix ///.) 
 
 COMMITTEE ON FINANCIAL RISKS ATTACHING TO THE 
 
 HOLDING OF TRADING STOCKS. 
 
 Mr. Cecil L Budd, C.B.E. 
 Mr. Ernest R. Debenham. 
 Mr. G. Binney Dibblee. 
 Mr. J. E. Davison. 
 
 Mr. A. W. Flux. 
 
 Mr. F. C. Harrison, C.S.I. (Chairman). 
 
 Mr. A J. Hobson, J.P. 
 
 Mr. Wm. McLintock. 
 
 Mr. J. C. Stamp, D.Sc., C.B E. 
 
 Sir Richard Vassar-Smith, Bart. 
 
 Mr. R. C. Smallwood ( Secretary ). 
 
 Terms of Reference. 
 
 To enquire and report as to any measures which could be adopted with a view to securing that manufacturers 
 and others should be financially in a position to hold stocks after the war, and that reasonable safeguards are 
 established to prevent serious financial losses as a result of possible depression following on a period of great 
 inflation, in respect of stocks of materials required for industry. 
 
 Report published. (See Appendix III.) 
 
 COMMITTEE ON TRUSTS. 
 
 Mr. Charles A. McCurdy, M.P. ( Chairman).* 
 
 Mr. Frederick Richmond. 
 
 Mr. G. Scoby Smith. 
 
 Mr. IT. L. Symonds. 
 
 Mr. W. H. Watkins. 
 
 Air. Sidney Webb. 
 
 Mr. Douglas Wenham. 
 
 Mr. John Hilton (Secretary). 
 
 Terms of Reference. 
 
 In view of the probable extension and development of trade organisations and combinations, to consider and 
 report what action, if any, may be necessary to safeguard the public interest. 
 
 Report not yet submitted. 
 
 Mr. Percy Ashley. 
 
 Mr. E„ Bevin. 
 
 Mr. J. H. Guy. 
 
 Mr. J. A. Hobson. 
 
 Mr. Stanley Machin. 
 Mr. J. F. Alason, M.P. 
 
 STORAGE AND TRANSIT COMMITTEE. 
 
 Sir Charles Aletcalfe, Bart. (Chairman). 
 
 Capt Norbury, R.N. 
 
 Mr. J. W. L. Oliver, O.B.E. 
 
 Col. A. S. Redman. 
 
 Erig.-Gen. Heron, C.B. 
 
 Brig.-Gen. Marindin. 
 
 Lt.-Col. C. D. Hannay, R.A.F. 
 Lt.-Col, Lindsay. 
 
 Mr. W. T. Potts. 
 
 Major the Hon. L. H. Cripps, C.B.E. 
 
 Mr. H. F. Carl ill. 
 
 Sir Robert Turnbull, Kt„ MATO. 
 
 Sir Francis Dent. 
 
 Mr. L A. P. Warner. 
 
 Mr. E. J. Foley. 
 
 Sir Norman Hill, Kt. 
 
 Sir F. Raines, Kt., C.B.E., ALAND. 
 
 Mr. G. J. Gibson. 
 
 Sir Howard Frank, K.C.B. 
 
 Captain Perry (Secretary). 
 
 Terms of Reference. 
 
 Having regard to the necessity of avoiding congestion at the porta and on the railways during the transition 
 period from war to peace conditions : — 
 
 (a) to suggest a scheme by which the demands for storage and transit facilities may best be met. 
 
 (b) and in particular to consider the possibility of allotting ports wholly or partly for specific purposes and 
 
 to report. 
 
 Reports not published. 
 
 * The Rt. Hon. E) I ward Shortt, K.C., M P., acted as Chairman of the Committee until his appointment as Chief Secretary for Ireland. 
 
39 
 
 ENGINEERING TRADES (NEW INDUSTRIES) COMMITTEE. 
 
 The Hon. H. D. McLaren, M.P., C.B.E., Chairman. 
 
 Mr. Charles Bennion. 
 
 Sir George Bullough, Bart. 
 
 Mr. F. H. Crittall. 
 
 Mr. R. Dumas. 
 
 Sir John Griffith, M.I.C.E. 
 
 Mr. W. B. Lang. 
 
 Sir W. Rowan Thomson, K.B.E. 
 Mr. G. H. Sankey. 
 
 Mr. Charles A. Lister, C.B.E. 
 Mr. P. J. Pybus, C.B.E. 
 
 Sir Percy Stothert, K.B.E. 
 Mr. John Taylor, O.B.E. 
 
 Mr. William Taylor. 
 
 Mr. William Thom. 
 
 Mr. H. C. B. Underdown. 
 
 Mr. W. A. Colegate, Secretary. 
 
 Terms of Reference. 
 
 ' To compile a list of the articles suitable for manufacture by those with engineering trade experience or plant 
 which were either not made in the United Kingdom before the war,|but were imported, or were made in the United 
 Kingdom m small or insufficient quantities, and for which there is likely to be a considerable demand after the 
 war, classified as to whether they are capable of being made by :— 
 
 (1) Women ; (2) Men and women ; (3) Skilled men ; 
 
 and setting out the industries to which such news manufactures would most suitably be attached, and to make 
 recommendations :— ’ 
 
 (a) On the establishment and development of such industries by the transfer of labour, machines and other¬ 
 
 wise. 
 
 (b) As to how such a transfer could be made, and what organisation would be requisite for the purpose, with 
 
 due regard to securing the co-operation of labour. 
 
 Labour Panel. 
 
 In connection with this Committee a Labour Advisory Panel was appointed to advise 
 out of the work of the Committee which affect labour interests. 
 
 The Panel is composed as follows :— 
 
 on all matters arising 
 
 Mr. Robert H. Coates. 
 Mr. Alexander Gorman. 
 Mr. A. Hord. 
 
 Mr. W. H. Hutchinson. 
 Mr. W. T. Kelly. 
 
 Sir Claud Schuster, Chairman. 
 
 Miss Mary MacArthur. 
 Mr. T. E. Smith. 
 
 Mr. A. B. Swales, 
 
 Miss Gertrude Tuckwell. 
 Mr. George Wilkinson. 
 
 Report published. (See Appendix III.) 
 
 COMMITTEE ON THE CHEMICAL TRADE. 
 
 Sir Keith W. Price, Chairman. 
 
 Sir William Pearce, M.P. 
 
 Mr. K. B. Quinan, C.H. 
 
 The Rt. Hon. J. W. Wilson, M.P. 
 
 Mr. G. C. Smallwood, Secretary. 
 
 Mr. John Anderson. 
 
 Mr. J. F. L. Brunner. 
 
 Mr. Charles Carpenter, D.Sc., M.I.C.E. 
 Professor J. G. Lawn. 
 
 Terms of Reference. 
 
 the Chemicrade ^ ^ pr0Cedure whic]l should be adopted by the Minister of Reconstruction for dealing with 
 
 , .T° consider and report upon any matters affecting the Chemical Trade which could be more effectively 
 
 dealt with by the formation of special organisations for the purpose, and to make suggestions in regard to the 
 constitution and functions of any such organisation. 
 
 Report published. (See Appendix III.) 
 
 CIVIL WAR WORKERS RESETTLEMENT CO-ORDINATION COMMITTEE. 
 
 Mr. Vaughan Nash 
 
 Mr. J. A. N. Barlow, C.B.E., Ministry of Munitions. 
 Capt. T. P. H. Beamish, C.B., R.N., Admiralty. 
 
 Mr. Gerald Bellhouse, C.B.E., Home Office. 
 
 Mr. W. B. Brown, Board of Trade. 
 
 Major-Gen. B. F. Burnett-Hitchcock, C.B., D.S.O., 
 War Office. 
 
 Mr. S. J. Chapman, C.B.E., Board of Trade. 
 
 Mr. A. Greenwood, Ministry of Reconstruction. 
 
 , C.V.O., C.B. (Chairman). 
 
 Mr. W. Wrench Lee, Admiralty (Labour Department). 
 Brig.-Gen. C. C. Marindin, Air Ministry. 
 
 Mr. A. R. McBain, O.B.E., War Office. 
 
 Mr. H. H. McClure, Admiralty. 
 
 Mr. T. W. Phillips, C.B.E., Ministry of Labour. 
 
 Mr. H. H. Piggott, C.B.E., Ministry of Munitions. 
 
 Mr. A. V. Symonds, C.B., Local Government Board. 
 Mr. Humbert Wolfe, C.B.E., Ministry of Munitions. 
 
 Major H. J. Gillespie, D.S.0.1 T . . „ 
 
 Miss A. K. Leach. / Jomt Secretaries. 
 
 Terms of Reference. 
 
 1. To co-ordinate the proposals of Departments affecting labour resettlement. 
 
 2. To co-ordinate, in conjunction with the Demobilisation of the Forces Co-ordination Committee, the policy 
 aud working of labour resettlement with the policy and working of military demobilisation. 
 
 3.. To consider the action to be taken in the event of the discharge of workers during the war with a view to 
 20-ordinating such action with the general policy regarding labour resettlement. 
 
 . consider during the period of labour resettlement the steps to be taken to meet emergencies or new 
 
 Jircumstances which may arise. 
 
 No Report submitted. 
 
40 
 
 WAGES AWARDS COMMITTEE. 
 
 The Right Hon. Sir John Simon, K.C., M.P. {Chairman). 
 
 Sir Herbert Austin, K.B.E. (Federation of British 
 Industries). 
 
 Mr. G. Campbell (Ministry of Munitions). 
 
 Sir George Carter, K.B.E. (Shipbuilding Employers’ 
 Federation). 
 
 Mr. A. Greenwood (Ministry of Reconstruction). 
 
 Miss Mary MacArthur (National Federation of Women 
 Workers). 
 
 Sir David Shackleton, K.C.B. (Ministry of Labour). 
 Mr. Arthur Shaw (National Association of Unions 
 in the Textile Trades). 
 
 Sir Allan Smith, K.B.E. (Engineering Employers’ 
 Federation). 
 
 Mr. F. Smith (Federation of Engineering and Ship¬ 
 building Trade Unions). 
 
 Mr. H. J. Wilson, C.B.E. (Ministry of Labour). 
 
 Mr George H. Wood (Woollen and Worsted Trades 
 Federation). 
 
 Mr. Robert Young, O.B.E. (Amalgamated Society 
 of Engineers). 
 
 Joint Secretaries. 
 
 Capt. Cyril Asquith (Ministry of Munitions) 
 
 Mr. C. Delisle Burns (Ministry of Reconstruction) 
 
 Terms of Reference. 
 
 (1) Whether the compulsory operation of awards made under the Munitions of War Acts or orders extending 
 such awards, or of orders regulating wages made under those Acts should be continued after the War. 
 
 (2) Whether the power to make such awards or orders should be continued after the War. 
 
 (3) The manner in which awards and orders, if made or continued, should be enforced after the War and 
 for what period. 
 
 Report not published. (See reference to this Committee on Page 20 of the Report.) 
 
 ADVISORY HOUSING PANEL. 
 
 (Ministry of Reconstruction). 
 
 The Marquess of Salisbury, K.G. {Chairman). 
 
 Major J. W. Hills, M.P. Mr. Leslie Scott, K.C., M.P. 
 
 Mr. Thomas Jones. Mrs. Sidney Webb. 
 
 Mr. B. S. Rowntree. 
 
 Sir Maurice Bonham Carter, K.C.B. {Secretary). 
 
 The above members of the Reconstruction Committee were invited by the Minister of Reconstruction to 
 complete a general review, which they had undertaken on behalf of the Committee, of the housing question as it 
 would present itself at the close of the war, and to prepare a memorandum on the subject. 
 
 The Panel has presented a, memorandum , which was published. {See Appendix III.) 
 
 THE HOUSING (FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE) COMMITTEE. 
 
 The Right Hon. Henry Hobhouse, P.C., J.P., Chairman. 
 
 Mr. R. Barrow. 
 
 Mr. J. A. E. Dickinson, I.S.O. 
 Mr. J. Edmondson. 
 
 Mr. Thomas Goodwin. 
 
 Sir Harry Haward. 
 
 Mr. J. G. Head, F.S.I. 
 Mr. R. H. Marsh. 
 
 Mr. E. H. Parker. 
 
 Mr. R. L. Reiss. 
 
 Mr. E. A. Strauss, M.P. 
 
 Mr. William Wallace, Secretary. 
 
 Terms of Reference. 
 
 To consider and advise on the practicability of assisting any bodies or persons (other than Local Authorities) to 
 build dwellings for the working classes immediately after the war, whether by means of loans, grants or other 
 subsidies, and whether, through the agency of the State or Municipal Banks or otherwise. 
 
 Interim Report published. {See Appendix III.) 
 
 COMMITTEE ON INCREASE OF RENT AND MORTGAGE (WAR RESTRICTIONS) ACT, 1915. 
 
 The Hon. Lord Hunter, Chairman. 
 
 Mr. W. A. Lindsay, M.P. 
 
 Judge Mellor, K.C., C.B.E. 
 
 Mr. W. B. Neville. 
 
 Mr. B. S. Rowntree. 
 
 Mr. Dan Rider. 
 
 Mr. William Wallace, Secretary. 
 
 Terms of Reference. 
 
 To consider the legislation embodied in the Increase of Rent and Mortgage Interest (War Restrictions) Act, 
 1915, as amended, in relation to the housing of the working classes after the war, and to recommend what steps, if 
 any, should be taken to remove any difficulties which may arise in connection therewith. 
 
 {A Report has been presented, and will be published shortly.) 
 
 Mr. W. J. Board. 
 
 Mr. C. Duncan. 
 
 Mr. Edwin Evans, L.C.C. 
 Mr. E. H. Gibbs, F.R.I.B.A. 
 Mr. E. C. P. Lascelles. 
 
41 
 
 Appendix II. 
 
 THE ADVISORY COUNCIL. 
 
 Mr. H. Eustace Davies ( General Secretary'). 
 
 The Advisory Council is at present constituted as shown under the different Sections but additional Members 
 will be appointed from time to time as may be found necessary. 
 
 CHAIRMEN’S COMMITTEE. 
 
 Sir Henry Birchenough, K.C.M.G. {Chairman). 
 
 The Rt. Hon. Henry Hobhouse, P.C., J.P. 
 
 E. J. Husey, Esq., M.VO. 
 
 Sir Charles Metcalfe, Bart. 
 
 Leslie Scott Esq., K.C.M.P. 
 
 The Rt. Hon. J. H. Thomas, M.P. 
 
 Mr. H. Eustace Davies {Secretary). 
 
 Mr. Renolds {Assistant Secretary). 
 
 The Chairmen’s Committee advise informally on points of difficulty which may arise in the daily work of the 
 Dept., and generally on any questions of importance. They have also reported specially on the following subjects 
 
 (1) The Co-ordination of Transport Facilities within the United Kingdom. 
 
 (2) Administrative Machinery for dealing with Electric Generation. 
 
 A. A. Allen, Esq. 
 
 E. Bevin, Esq. 
 
 The Hon Herbert Gibbs. 
 Sir Clarendon Hyde. 
 
 W. L. Hichens, Esq. 
 
 WOMEN’S ADVISORY COMMITTEE. 
 
 Lady Birchenough. 
 
 Miss Harris. 
 
 Miss A. Susan Laurence. 
 Dr. Marion Phillips. 
 
 Mrs. Pember Reeves. 
 
 The Lady Emmott {Chairman). 
 
 The Viscountess Rhondda. 
 
 Mrs. Streatfeild, C.B.E. 
 
 Miss Symons. 
 
 Miss M. J. Tuke. 
 
 Mr. H. Eustace Davies {Secretary). 
 
 Miss A. K. Leach {Assistant Secretary). 
 
 The Women’s Advisory Committee advise generally on questions affecting women and are also considering the 
 question of Domestic Service with the assistance of the following special Sub-Committee^ :— 
 
 Domestic Service Sub-Committees. 
 
 Miss L. Clapham {Secretary) 
 
 (A) Training. 
 
 Mrs. Arran. 
 
 Mrs. Bamber. 
 Miss Cunnington. 
 Mrs. Lowe. 
 
 Miss Marsden. 
 
 Dr. Janet Lane Claypon {Chairman). 
 
 Miss Mercier. 
 
 Mrs. Parkes. 
 
 Miss Dymphna Smith. 
 Miss Zimmern. 
 
 Mrs. Bramley. 
 
 Mrs. Cockerton. 
 
 John Hunt, Esq. 
 
 Mrs. Locke. 
 
 W. T. O’Donnell, Esq. 
 
 (B) Machinery of Distribution of Domestic Servants. 
 
 .Lady Trustram Eve {Chairman). 
 
 Miss Splatt. 
 
 Miss Jessie Stephen. 
 
 Mrs. Taylor. 
 
 Sydney Thornet, Esq. 
 
 Mrs. John Baker. 
 Mrs. Dideridge. 
 Miss Enfield. 
 
 Miss Harris. 
 
 (C) Home Helps. 
 
 Mrs. Pember Reeves {Chairman.) 
 
 Dr. Shadwick Higgins. 
 Miss Kerans. 
 
 Mrs. Mawer. 
 
 Mrs. Model. 
 
 (D) Organisation and Supply. 
 The Lady Emmott {Chairman.) 
 
 Mrs. Atkin. 
 
 Mrs. Bell. 
 
 Miss Clementina Black. 
 
 Dame Katherine Furse, C.B.E. 
 Miss Glynn. 
 
 Miss Brodie Hall. 
 
 Mrs. Jarrett. 
 
 Dame Florence Leach, C.B.E, 
 
 The Marchioness of Londonderry. 
 Mrs. Vaughan Nash. 
 
 Miss Partner. 
 
 Mrs. C. S. Peel, O.B.E. 
 
 Miss Mary Phillips. 
 
 Miss Jessie Stephen. 
 
 Miss Tuke. 
 
 Miss Wyatt, 
 
42 
 
 SECTION I. 
 Members. 
 
 The Hon. Herbert Gibbs {Chairman). 
 Sir Charles Metcalfe, Bt. 
 
 E. Husey, Esq., M.V.O. 
 
 ( Vice-Chairmen). 
 
 Sir Alfred Booth, Bt. 
 
 Sir E. Tootal Broadhnrst. 
 
 The Hon. R. Brand, C.M.G. 
 
 The Hon. Herbert Gibbs. 
 Vernon Hartshorn, Esq., O.B.E. 
 W. L. Hichens, Esq. 
 
 Sir Clarendon Hyde. 
 
 H. J. Mackinder, Esq., M.P. 
 
 Sir Adam Nimmo, K.B.E. 
 
 Major the Hon. G. Peel. 
 
 Sir Alexander Roger. 
 
 E. Spicer, Esq. 
 
 The Rt. Hon. J. H. Thomas, M.P. 
 Sir W. Rowan Thomson, K.B.E. 
 A. Whitworth, Esq. 
 
 Mr. T. R. Gardiner {Secretary). 
 
 Section I deals generally with all questions in connection with Finance Transport and Common Services. 
 This Section has submitted reports on the question of ‘ Standardisation of Railway Equipment ” and also on 
 “ Excess Profits ” Duty in relation to commercial undertakings. The latter subject was dealt with by the j 
 following Committee :— 
 
 COMMITTEE OF SECTION I. 
 
 Excess Profits. 
 
 The Hon. Herbert Gibbs {Chairman). 
 
 E. I. Husey, Esq., M.V.O. {Vice-Chairman). 
 
 The Hon. Robert Brand, C.M.G. Major the Hon. George Peel. 
 
 *W. H. N. Goschen, Esq. Ernest Spicer, Esq. 
 
 H. J. Mackinder, Esq. Arthur Whitworth, Esq. 
 
 Sir Charles Metcalfe. 
 
 * This Member was co-opted for the purpose of this reference. 
 
 ' Mr. R. C. Smallwood {Secretary). 
 
 SECTION II. 
 
 Members. 
 
 Sir H. Bircbenough, K.C.M.G. {Chairman). 
 KTX Hyde } (Vice-Chairmen). 
 
 John P. Boland, Esq. 
 
 Sir. E. Tootal Broadhurst. 
 
 Henry Clough, Esq. 
 
 Sir Charles Fielding, K.B.E. 
 
 Sir R. Glazebrook, K.C.B., F.R.S. 
 W. T. Green, Esq. 
 
 J. W. Hope, Esq., C.B.E. 
 
 W. H. Hutchinson, Esq. 
 Miss A. Susan Lawrence. 
 
 H. J. Mackinder, Esq., M.P. 
 J. J. Mallon, Esq. 
 
 The Viscountess Rhonnda. 
 Sir Alexander Roger. 
 
 W. H. Watkins, Esq. 
 
 Section II deals with all questions in connection with Production and Commercial Organisation. This Section 
 has submitted Reports on (1) “ Principles and Machinery for the allocation of materials, &c. during the Transitional 
 Period” (2) Legislative arrangements to prevent Dumping.” 
 
 The question of Essential Industries was dealt with by the following Committee :— 
 
 Sir Henry Birchenough K.C.M.G. {Chairman). 
 
 A. A. Allen, Esq. Sir Clarendon Hyde. 
 
 * Percy Ashley, Esq. H. J. Mackinder, Esq. 
 
 W. H. Hutchinson, Esq. 
 
 * This Member was co-opted for the purposes of this reference. 
 
 Captain W. Perry {Secretary). 
 
 SECTION III. 
 
 Members. 
 
 The Rt. Hon. J. H. Thomas, M.P. {Chairman). 
 W. L. Hichens, Esq. {Vice-Chairman). 
 
 Mrs. E. Barton. 
 
 E. Bevin, Esq. 
 
 Sir H. Birchenough, K.C.M.G. 
 
 Mrs. M. Butler. 
 
 Henry doughy Esq. 
 
 J. F. Duncan, Esq. 
 
 Major-General Sir P. Girouard, D.S.O., K.C.M.G. 
 The Rt. Hon. Lord Gorell. 
 
 Miss Harris. 
 
 Vernon Hartshorn, Esq., O.B.E. 
 
 J. W. Hope, Esq., C.B.E. 
 
 W. H. Hutchinson, Esq. 
 
 Miss A. Susan Lawrence. 
 
 J. J. Mallon, Esq. 
 
 C. A. McCurdy, Esq., M.P. 
 Sir Thomas Munro, K.B.E. 
 Sir Adam Nimmo, K.B.E. 
 Edwin Orde, Esq. 
 
 Dr. Marion Phillips. 
 
 Mrs. Pember Reeves. 
 
 Sir Herbert Rowell, K.B.E. 
 Miss Symons. 
 
 R. H. Tawney, Esq. 
 
 Miss G. Tuckwell. 
 
 W. H. Watkins, Esq. 
 
 Mr. C. Delisle Burns {Secretary). 
 
43 
 
 Section III. deals with all questions in connection with Labour and Industrial Organisation The following 
 Reports have been submitted :— 
 
 (1) Application of the principles of the Whitley Report to 
 
 (а) Engineering, 
 
 (б) Railway Industries. 
 
 (2) Prevention of employment among partially disabled soldiers. 
 
 (3) Juvenile Employment. 
 
 The Special Committee on Juvenile Employment was constituted as follows :— 
 
 R. A. Bray, Esq. { Chairman \ 
 
 Miss Adler. W. T. Kelly, Esq. 
 
 Mrs. E. Barton. R. H. Tawney, Esq. 
 
 Mrs. Arnold Glover. John Turner, Esq. 
 
 H. Kay. 
 
 Mr. Horace Fleming ( Secretary). 
 
 SECTION IV. 
 
 Members. 
 
 * Leslie Scott, Esq., K.C., M.P. (Chairman). 
 
 The Rt. Hon. Id. Hobhouse, P.C., J.P. ( Vice-Chairman). 
 
 C. R. W. Adeane, Esq., C.B. 
 
 Mrs. E. Barton. 
 
 The Rt. Hon. C. W. Bowerman. 
 Miss A. Churton. 
 
 G. Dallas, Esq. 
 
 Mrs. Douglas. 
 
 J. F. Duncan, Esq. 
 
 The Lady Emmott. 
 
 Sir Charles Fielding, Iv.B.E. 
 
 Sir R. Glazebrook, K.C.B., F.R.S. 
 Hugh A. Law, Esq. 
 
 Section IV. deals W'ith questions affecting Rural 
 submitted on 
 
 T. Lundon, Esq. 
 
 L. M. Marshall, Esq. 
 
 George Nicholle, Esq. 
 
 Major Hugh Pritchard. 
 
 Miss Paterson. 
 
 Major General A. E. Sandbach, C.B.D.S.O. 
 
 The Hon. E. G. Strutt. 
 
 Professor T. B. Wood. C.B.E. 
 
 Mrs. Roland Wilkins, O.B.F. 
 
 David Wilson, Esq. 
 
 Mr L. S. Salt (Secretary) 
 
 Development, including Agriculture. Reports have been 
 
 (1) “ The Establishment of Information Centres in rural districts.” 
 
 (2) “ The best method of attracting returning soldiers to the land.” 
 
 The latter subject was dealt with by the following Committee :— 
 
 All members of the Section with the following co-opted Members: — 
 
 Walter W. Berry, Esq. L, M. Marshall, Esq. 
 
 R. V. Lennard, Esq. 
 
 The following special Committees of Section IV. are considering u The Economic Position of Women in 
 
 Agriculture ” :— 
 
 England. 
 
 Walter W. Berry, Esq. 
 P. G. Dallinger, Esq. 
 Lady G. Guiness. 
 Professor Brynor Jones. 
 
 J. M. Caie, Esq. 
 Miss Campbell. 
 Miss Crabbie. 
 
 J. Gardiner, Esq. 
 
 Mrs. Roland Wilkins (Chairman). 
 
 Miss Macqueen. 
 Professor Orwin. 
 
 The Hon. E. G. Strutt. 
 
 Miss Gladys Pott ( Secretary/). 
 
 Scotland. 
 
 Mrs. Anne Douglas (Chairman). 
 
 T. Henderson, Esq. 
 
 Miss Jobson. 
 
 Mrs. John Notman. 
 
 Miss Paterson. 
 
 Miss Elizabeth Mitchell (Secretary). 
 
 SECTION V. 
 
 Members. 
 
 Arthur 4. Allen, Esq., Chairman. 
 The Lady Emmott, Vice-Chairman. 
 
 Mrs. E. Barton. 
 
 Lady Birchenough. 
 
 The Rt. Hon. C. W. Bowerman, M.P. 
 Miss A. Churton. 
 
 The Rt. Hon. Lord Gorrell. 
 
 Sir R. Glazebrook, K.C.P., F.R.S. 
 
 The Viscountess Rhondda. 
 Mrs. Pember Reeves. 
 
 Mrs. Streatfeild, C.B.E. 
 Miss G. Tuckwell. 
 
 Miss M. J. Tuke. 
 
 Mr. St. J. Hutchinson (Secretary). 
 
44 
 
 Section V deals with all ques'ions in connection with Social development, including Education, Health and 
 Housing. 
 
 Reports have been submitted dealing with— 
 
 (1) Housing from a housewife’s point of view. 
 
 (2) The Co-ordination of Authorities for the Vocational Training of 
 
 Women. 
 
 The following questions are also under consideration— 
 
 (1) Local organizations. 
 
 (2) Women workers in subsidiary health and kindred services. 
 
 (3) Women in the Civil Service. 
 
 The membership of the Special Committees dealing with these subjects is given below. 
 
 Load Organization. 
 
 A. A. Allen, Esq., Chairman. 
 
 Major-General A. E. Sandbach, C.B., D.S.O., A ding-Chair man 
 
 G. D’Aeth, Esq. 
 
 Lewis Beard, Esq. 
 
 F. Bramley, Esq. 
 
 Commissioner Cox. 
 
 Mrs. Gandy. 
 
 S. P. Grundy, Esq. 
 
 The Rt. Hon. H. Hobhouse, P.O., J.P. 
 
 Bernard Holland, Esq., C.B. 
 
 H. Law, Esq. 
 
 J. Newlove, Esq. 
 
 W. G. Robinson, Esq. 
 
 Arnold Rowntree, Esq. 
 
 E. H. Wethered, Esq. 
 
 Mr. St. John Hutchinson ( Secretary). 
 
 Mrs. E. Barton. 
 
 Mrs. Victor Branford. 
 Miss A. Churton. 
 
 Mrs. Sanderson Furniss. 
 Mrs. G. S. Guy. 
 
 Mrs. Jarrett. 
 
 Women's House Planning. 
 
 The Lady Emmott, Chairman. 
 
 Mrs. T. Alwyn Lloyd. 
 Miss Maud M. Jeffery. 
 Miss M. D. Jones. 
 
 Mrs. R. Moore. 
 
 Mrs. C. S. Peel, O.B.E. 
 Mrs. Foulkes-Smith. 
 
 Miss A. K. Leach 
 Miss E. M. Waley 
 
 | Secretaries. 
 
 SPECIAL COMMITTEES OF SECTION V. 
 Subsidiary Health and Kindred Services. 
 
 Dr. Helen Campbell. 
 
 Sir Arthur Chapman. 
 Miss L. Clark. 
 
 Dr. Janet Lane Claypon. 
 Miss Enfield. 
 
 Miss C. S. Gregory. 
 
 Miss Harris. 
 
 The Viscountess Rhondda ( Chairman). 
 
 J. L. Heighton, Esq. 
 
 Mrs. Hood. 
 
 Mrs. Layton. 
 
 Miss Macadam. 
 
 Dr. Mary Eppyn Phillips. 
 Mrs. Hume Pin sent. 
 
 Miss Rimmer. 
 
 Miss Hinton-Smith ( Secretary ). 
 
 \ 
 
 The Co-ordination of Vocational Training of Women. 
 
 Miss A. Susan Lawrence {Chairman). 
 
 Sir Robert Blair. Miss Helen Smith. 
 
 Miss A. Esplin. Miss M. G. Spencer. 
 
 W. W. Finny, Esq. 
 
 Miss A. Iv. Leach {Secretary). 
 
 Women in the Civil Service. 
 
 Mrs. Streatfeild, C.B.E. {Chairman). 
 
 Miss Philippa Fawcett. 
 
 C. R. Pitt, Esq. 
 
 Mrs. Vaughan Nash. 
 
 Miss Tuke. 
 
 Miss L. F. Nettlefold. 
 
 Graham Wallas, Esq. 
 
 Miss Reta Oldham. 
 
 
 Mies Hinton-Smith {Secretary). 
 
45 
 
 Appendix III. 
 
 List of Parliamentary Papers, Pamphlets, and other Documents issued by the Ministry 
 
 of Reconstruction. 
 
 Command Papers. 
 
 Ltst of Commissions and Committees dealing with questions that will ai'ise after the war. (Cd. 8910. 
 Price 4 d. net.) 
 
 Statement with regard to Advisory Bodies other than Reporting Committees appointed by the Minister 
 of Reconstruction. (Cd. 9195. Price 2d.) 
 
 Acquisition of Powers Sub-Committee of the Reconstruction Committee. Report. (Cd. 8982. 
 Price 2d. Net.) 
 
 Committee on Acquisition and Valuation of Land for Public Purposes. 
 
 Report on the simplification of the procedure for Acquisition. (Cd. 8998. Price 6d. net.) 
 
 Report on Valuation. (Cd. 9229. Price 4 d. net.) 
 
 Legal Interpretation of the term “Period of the War.” Reports of Committee appointed by the 
 Attorney-General. (Cd. 9100. Price 6c/, net.) 
 
 Standardization of Railway Equipment. Advisory Council Report. (Cd. 9193. Price Id.) 
 -Committee on Building Industry after the War. Report. (Cd. 9197. Price 3 d. net.) 
 
 Committee on Currency and Foreign Exchanges after the war. Interim Report. (Cd. 9182. Price 
 2c/. net.) 
 
 Committee on Financial Facilities. Report. (Cd. 9227. Price 2d.) 
 
 COMMITTEE on Financial Risks attaching to holding of Trading Stocks Report. (Cd. 9224. Price 2d. net.) 
 
 Committee on Commercial and Industrial Policy. 
 
 Imperial Preference. Resolutions passed by the Committee on Commercial and Industrial Policy. 
 (Cd. 8482. Price lcZ. net.) 
 
 Interim Report on certain essential Industries. (Cd. 9032. Price 2d. net.) 
 
 Interim Report on the Importation of Goods from, the present enemy countries after the war. (Cd. 9033. 
 Price Id. net.) 
 
 Interim Report on the treatment of exports from the United Kingdom and British Overseas possessions 
 and the Conservation of the Resources of the Empire during the transitional period after the war. 
 (Cd. 9034. Price 2d. net.) 
 
 Final Report (Cd. 9035. Price 9tZ. net.) 
 
 Coal Conservation Committee. 
 
 Report on Electric Power Supply. (Cd. 8880. Price 3 d. net.) 
 
 Final Report. (Cd. 9084. Price Is. net.) 
 
 Committee on the Chemical Trade. —Report (Cd. 8882. Price Id. net.) 
 
 Engineering Trades (New Industries) Committee. —Report (Cd. 9226. Price 6d. net.) 
 
 Committee on Relations between Employers and Employed. 
 
 Interim Report on Joint Standing Industrial Councils. (Cd. 8606. Price Id. net.) 
 
 Second Report on Joint Standing Industrial Councils. (Cd. 9002. Price Id. net.) 
 
 Supplementary Report on Works Committees. (Cd. 9001. Price Id. net.) 
 
 Report on Conciliation and Arbitration. (Cd. 9099. Price Id. net.) 
 
 Final Report. (Cd. 9153. Price Id. net.) 
 
 Memorandum by the Minister of Reconstruction and the Minister of Labour on Industrial Councils and 
 Trade Boards. (Cd. 9085. Price 1 d. net.) 
 
 Civil War Workers Committee. 
 
 First Interim Repox*t. (Cd. 9117. Price 2d.) 
 
 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th Reports. (Cd. 9192. Price 3 d.) 
 
 Final Report. (Cd. 9228, Price Id.) 
 
< 
 
 46 
 
 Committee on Adult Education. 
 
 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS-URBANA 
 
 112 099053537 
 
 Interim Report on Social and Industrial Conditions in relation to Adult Education. (Cd. 9107. Price 
 3 d. net.) 
 
 Second Interim Report on Education in the Army. (Cd. 9225. Price 2d. net.) 
 
 Agricultural Policy Committee. 
 
 Agricultural Report on the methods of effecting an increase in the home-grown food supplies. (Part I.) 
 
 (Cd. 8506. Price 3 d. net.) - J 
 
 Filial Report. (Cd. 9079. Price Is. 3c?. net.) 
 
 Summaries of Evidence. (Cd. 9080. Price Is. 3c?. net.) 
 
 Forestry Committee— Report. (Cd.8881. Price Is. net.) 
 
 Housing in England and Wales. —Memorandum by the Advisory Housing Panel on the Emergency 
 Problem. (Cd. 9087. Price 2c?.) KV 
 
 Women’s House Planning Sub-Committee (Advisory Council).—Interim Report. (Cd. 9166. Pricelrf.net.) 
 
 Housing (Financial Assistance) Committee.— Interim Report on Public Utility Societies. (Cd. 9223. 
 Price 2d. net.) 
 
 Machinery of Government Committee.—R eport. (Cd. 9230. Price 6c?. net.) 
 
 Local Government Committee. —Report on the Transfer of Functions of Poor Law Authorities in England 
 and Wales. (Cd. 8917. Price 3 d. net,) 
 
 Memorandum on the Ministry of Health Bill, 1918. (Cd. 9211. Price lrf.) 
 
 Pamphlets on Reconstruction Problems. 
 
 (Price 2d. each.) 
 
 (7) Guide to Work and Benefits for Soldiers and 
 Civil War Workers. (Now out oj- print.) 
 
 (8) Resettlement of Civil War Workers. 
 
 (9) Naval Demobilization. 
 
 (10) Labour Conditions and Adult Education. 
 
 (11) Commercial Forestry. 
 
 (12) Resettlement of Officers (i) Army and R.A.F. 
 
 Stationery Office Publications. 
 
 Memorandum on Subsidiary Health and Kindred Services for Women (Miss A. M. Anderson C.B.E.) 
 (Price 3rf.) 
 
 Juvenile Employment during the War and after. (Price 6rf.) 
 
 Advisory Council, Report on the Co-ordination of the Vocational Training of Women. (Price 3rf.) 
 
 Advisory Council, Report on the Employment on the Land of Returned Soldiers and Sailors. (Price Is.) 
 
 (1) The Aims of Reconstruction. 
 
 (2) Housing in England and Wales. 
 
 (3) Demobilization of the Army. 
 
 (4) Housing in Scotland. 
 
 (5) New Fields for British Engineering. 
 
 (6) Raw Materials and Employment. 
 
 * 
 
 Printed under the authority of His Majesty’s Stationery Office 
 By DARLING and SON, Limited, Bacon Street, E.g. 
 
 i