DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE AND LABOR BUREAU OF STATISTICS OF THE UNITED IN ITS MATERIAL INDUSTRIES AND COMMERCIAL AND FINANCIAL STATISTICS OF PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD AND THEIR COMMERCE WITH THE UNITED STATES [From the Annual Report on Commerce and Navigation for 1904] STATES O. P. AUSTIN, Chief of Bureau WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PROGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES IN ITS MATERIAL INDUSTRIES AND COMMERCIAL AND FINANCIAL STATISTICS OF PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD AND THEIR COMMERCE WITH THE UNITED STATES. CONTENTS. Page. Progress of the United States in its material industries... 91 Historical table—Totals of imports and exports, 1790-1904. 120 Commercial and financial statistics of the principal countries of the world and their commerce with the United States. 122 in PROGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES IN ITS MATERIAL INDUSTRIES. The accompanying- series of tables, entitled “Progress of the United States in its material industries,” has been prepared with the purpose of showing the development in the principal industries and business enterprises of the United States during the century, and for the further purpose of providing a ready answer to the numerous inquiries which reach the Bureau of Statistics upon this subject. The rapid progress in production, manufacture, and distribution of the great articles entering into internal and foreign commerce, the large increase in the amount of money in circulation and deposits in banks of various classes, the great increase in imports and exports of the principal articles which enter into our foreign commerce, and the rapid enlargement of production in agriculture, manufacture, and mining have led to unexampled demands upon the Bureau for information upon these subjects. In the summary and detail tables which follow, the statistics of area, population, wealth, public debt and interest charge, gold and silver produced, coined, and in circulation, bank deposits, foreign commerce, production of agriculture, farm animals, the principal cereals, minerals, and manufactures are shown, at decennial periods from 1800 to 1900, and annually, where possible, from 1850 to 1904. These figures, covering the century by decades and the last half of the century by yearly statements regarding more than 100 articles or groups of articles, present to the eye a picture of the general development of the United States, and offer ready facility for determining conditions in any of these great factors at any given date that may be desired. 91 SUMMARY OF PROGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES IN ITS AREA, POPULATION, AND AREA, POPULATION, AND INDUSTRIES. Area and population: Area 1 * ..... Population 3 4 * * .. Per square mils 8 .... Wealth: Total 3 .... Per capita.... Public-debt statement: Public debt, less cash in the Treasury 8 .... Per capita, less cash in Treasury. Interest-bearing debt 8 . Annual interest charge. Per capita... Coinage: Gold coined....... Silver coined... Commercial ratio of silver to gold .. Money in circulation: Gold in circulation 7 ... Silver in circulation 7 ... Gold certificates in circulation. Silver certificates in circulation. United States notes (greenbacks) in circulation. National-bank notes in circulation (October 31). Miscellaneous currency in circulation 9 ..... Total money in circulation... Per capita...... National banes: Reporting nearest June 30. Capital... Loans and discounts.. Bank clearings: New York..... Total United States... Bank deposits: National banks (individual).. Savings banks. State banks... Loan and trust companies. Private banks 19 ... Total bank deposits.... Depositors in savings banks... Government receipts: Net ordinary u... Customs... Internal revenue... Government expenditures: Net ordinary 12 .... War. Navy.... Pensions... Interest on public debt. Pensioners.. IMPORT3 OF merchandise: Total. Per capita 13 . Exports of merchandise: Total. Per capita 14 .. iMrORTS OF GOLD AND SILVER: Gold... Silver..... Exports of gold and silver: Gold 15 . Silver 15 . ES. 1800 1810 1820 1830 1840 1850 I860 827,844 1,999,775 2,059,043 2,059,043 2,059,043 2,980,959 3,025, COO Number.... 6,808,483 7,239,881 0,658,453 12,866,020 17,069,453 23,191,876 31,443,321 Number.... 6,41 3.62 4.68 6.25 8.29 7.78 10.39 Dollars . „. 7,135,780,000 16,159,016,000 Dollars..... 307.69 513.93 Dollars..... 82,976,294. So 53,173,217.52 91,015,566.15 48,565,406.60 3,573,343.82 63,452,773.55 59,064,402.01 Dollars. IB. 63 7.34 9.42 3.77 0.21 2.74 1.91 Dollars. 82,976,294 63,173,213 91,015,566 48,565,406 3,573,344 63,452,774 64,610,838 Dollars. 3,402,601 3,163,670 5,151,004 1,912,575 174,598 3,782,393 3,443,687 Dollars..... 0.64 0.44 0.53 0.15 0.01 0.16 0.11 Dollars..... 317,760 501,435 1,319,030 643,105 1,675,483 31,981,739 23,473,654 Dollars..... 224,296 •638,774 '501,6S1 2,495,400 1,726,703 1,866,100 2,259,390 Dollars. 15.68 16.77 15,62 15.82 15.62 15.70 15.29 jDollars. 8 16,000,000 3 27, 000,000 8 22,300,000 s 26,344,295 8 79,336,916 8 147,395,456 8 228,304,775 Dollars. Dollars..... Dollars. Dollars..... Dollars. 10,500,000 28,000,000 44,800,000 61,000,000 106,968,572 131,366,526 207,102,477 Dollars..... 26,500,000 55,000,000 67,100,000 87,344,295 186,305,488 278,761,982 435,407,252 Dollars. 5.00 7.59 6,94 6.79 10.91 12.02 13.85 Number.... Dollars..... Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. 1,138,576 6,973,304 14,051,520 43,431,130 149,277,504 Dollars. 75,696,857 109,586,595 257,229,562 Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Number.... 8,635 £8,085 78,701 251,354 693,870 Dollars. 10,843,749 9,384,214 17,840,670 24,844,117 19,480,115 43,592, SS9 58,054,COO Dollars. 9,080,933 8,583,309 15,005,612 21,922,391 13,499,502 39, COS, 686 53,187,512 Dollars. 809,397 7,431 106,261 12,161 1,682 Dollars. 7,411,370 6,311,082 13,134,531 13,229,533 24,139,920 37,165,990 60,056,755 Dollars. 2,560,879 2,294,324 2,630,392 4,767,129 7,095,267 9,687,025 16,472,203 Dollars..... 3,448,716 1,654,244 4,387,990 3,239,429 6,113,897 7,904,725 11,514,6f0 Dollars..... 64,131 83,744 3,208,376 1,363,297 2,603,562 1,866,886 1,100,802 Dollars. 3,402,601 3,163,671 5,151,004 1,912,575 174,598 3,782,393 3,144,121 Number.... Dollars. 91,252,768 85,400,000 74,450,000 62,720,956 98,258,706 173,509,526 353,616,119 Dollars. 17.19 11.80 7.71 4.87 5.76 7.48 11.25 Dollars. 70,971,780 66,757,970 69,691,669 71,670,735 123,668,932 144,375,726 333,576,057 Dollars. 13.37 9.22 7.22 6.57 7.25 6.23 10.61 Dollars. l. 18 8,064,890 | 821,146 3,085,157 1,776,706 2,508,786 D Bars. J l 7,334,818 5,797,656 2,852,086 6,041,349 Dollars..... 1 io 10,478,059 f 1,422,664 3,703,373 4,560,627 68,446,039 Dollars. J. i 756,109 4,713,641 2,962,367 8, ICO, 200 1 Exclusive of Alaska and islands belonging to the United States. 8 For other than census years the figures represent estimates of the actuary of the Treasury Department. 3 True valuation of real and personal property. 4 Estimated. 3 1800 to 1840, outstanding principal of the public debt January 1; 1850 to 1855, outstanding principal of the public debt July 1. • Figures for the years 1800 to 1855 include the total public debt. 92 7 Gold ahd Silver can not be stated separately prior to 1876. From 1862 to 1875, inclusive, gold and silver were not in circulation except on the Pacific coast, where it ia estimated that the average specie circulation was about £25,000,000, and this estimate is continued for the three following years under the head of gold. After that period gold was available for circulation. * Total specie in circulation; gold and silver were not separately stated prior to 1876. MATERIAL INDUSTRIES, BY DECADES, AND IN 1902, 1903, AND 1904 1870 1880 1890 1900 1902 1903 1904 AREA, POPULATION, AND INDUSTRIES. Area and population: 3,025,600 3,025,600 3,025,600 3,025,600 3,025,600 3,025,600 3,025,600 Area. 1 38,558,371 50,155,783 62,622,250 76,303,387 79,003,000 80,372,000 81,752,000 Population. 2 12.74 16.67 20.70 25.22 26.11 26.56 27.02 Per square mile. 2 Wealth: 30,068,518,000 42,642,000,000 65,037,091,000 4 94,300,000,000 Total. 779.83 850.20 1,038. 57 1,235.86 Per capita. Public-debt statement: 2,331,169,956.21 1,919,326,747.75 890,784,370.53 1,107,711,257.89 969,457,241.04 925,011,637.31 967,231,773.75 Public debt, less cash in the Treasury. 0 60.46 38.27 14.22 14.62 12.27 11.51 11.83 Per capita less cash in Treasury. 2,046,455,722 1,723,993,100 725,313,110 1,023,478,860 931,070,340 914,541,410 895,157,440 Interest-bearing debt.® 118,784,960 79,633,981 29,417,603 33,545,130 27,542,946 25,541,573 24,176,745 Annual interest charge. * 3.08 1.59 0.47 0.44 0.35 0.32 0.30 Per capita. Coinage: 23,198,788 62,308,279 20,467,183 99,272,943 47,184,933 43,683,971 233,402,428 Gold coined. 1,378,256 27,411,694 39,202,908 36,345,321 30,023,167 19,874,440 15,695,610 Silver coined. 15.57 18.05 19.75 33.33 39.15 38.10 35.70 Commercial ratio of gold to silver. Money in circulation: | 225,695,779 374,258,923 610,806,472 632,394,289 617,260,739 645,817,576 Gold in circulation.7 25,000,000 | 68,622,345 110,311,336 142,050,334 154,468,577 165,117,934 166,842,169 Silver in circulation. 2 7,963,900 130,830,859 200,733,019 306,399,009 377,258,559 465,655,099 Gold certificates in circulation. 6,789,569 297,556,238 408,465,574 446,657,662 454,733,013 461,138,698 Silver certificates in eirculatioh. 324,962,638 327,895,457 334,688,977 313,971,645 334,291,722 334,248,567 333,759,425 United States notes (greenbacks) in circulation. 288,648,081 837,415,178 181,604,937 300,115,112 345,476,616 399,996,709 433,027,836 National-bank notes in circulation. 36,602,075 79,008,942 29,802,776 19,076,648 12,902,057 Miscellaneous currency in circulation. 9 675,212,794 973, 382,228 1,429,251,270 2,055,150,998 2,249,390,551 2,367,692,169 2,619,142,860 Total money in circulation. 17.50 19.41 22.82 26.94 28.43 29.42 30.77 Per capita. National banks: 1,612 2,076 3,484 3,732 4,635 4,939 5,331 Reporting nearest June 30. 427,235,701 465,909,565 642,073,676 621,536,461 701,990,554 743,506,048 767,378,148 Capital. 719,341,186 994,712,646 1,933,609,333 2,623,512,201 3,221,859,631 3,415,045,751 3,695,013,467 Loans and discounts. Bank clearings: 27,804,539,406 37,182,128,621 37,660,686,572 51,964,588,564 74,753,189,436 70,833,655,940 59,672,796,804 New York. 58,845,279,505 84,582,450,081 116,021,618,003 113,963,298,913 102,150,313,982 Total United States. Bank deposits: 642,261,563 833,701,034 1,521,745,665 2,458,092,758 3,098,875,772 3,200,993,509 3,312,439,842 National banks (individual). 549,874,358 819,106,973 1,550,023,956 2,389,719,954 2,650,104,486 2,815,483,106 2,918,775,329 Savings banks. 208,751,611 653,054,584 1,266,735,282 1,698,185,287 1,814,670,163 2,073,218,049 State banks. 90,008,008 336,466,692 1,028,232,407 1,525,887,493 1,589,398,796 1,600,322,325 Loan and trust companies. 182,667,235 99,521,667 96,206,049 131,669,948 133,247,990 95,791,454 Private banks. 10 2,134,234,861 4,061,002,364 7,238,986,450 9,104,722,986 9,653,693,694 10,000,646,999 Total bank deposits. 1,630,846 2,335,582 4,258,893 6,107,083 6,666,672 7,035,228 7,305,443 Depositors in savings banks. Government receipts: 395,959,834 333,526,601 403,080,983 667,240,852 662,478,233 660,396,674 540,631,749 Net ordinary. 11 194,538,374 186,622,065 229,668,585 233,164,871 254,444,70S 284,479,582 261,274,565 Customs. 184,899,756 124,009,374 142,606,706 295,327,927 271,880,122 230,810,124 232,904,119 Internal revenue. Government expenditures: 164,421,507 119,090,062 261,637,203 447,553,458 442,082,813 477,642,658 17 557,755,832 Net ordinary. 12 57,655,675 38,116,916 42,582,838 134,774,768 112,272,216 118,619,520 115,035,411 War. 21,780,230 13,636,985 22,006,206 55,953,078 67,803,128 82,618,034 102,956,102 Navy. 28,340,202 66,777,174 106,936,855 140,877,316 138,488,560 138,425,646 142,559,266 Pensions. 129,235,498 95,757,575 36,099,284 40,160,333 29,108,045 28,556,349 24,646,490 Interest on public debt. 198,686 250,802 537,944 993,629 999,446 996,545 994,762 Pensioners. Imports of merchandise: 435,958,408 667,954,746 789,310,409 849,941,184 903,320,948 1,025,719,237 991,087,371 Total. 11.06 12.51 12.35 10.88 11.39 12.54 12.12 Per capita. 13 Exports of merchandise: 392,771,768 835,638,658 857,828,684 1,394,483,082 1,381,719,401 1,420,141,679 1,460,827,271 Total. 9.77 16.43 13.60 17.96 17.16 17.32 17.87 Per capita. 14 Imports of gold and silver: 12,056,950 80,758,396 12,943,342 44,573,184 52,021,254 44,982,027 99,055,368 Gold. 14,362,229 12,275,914 21,032,984 35,256,302 28,232,254 24,163,491 27,768,814 Silver. Exports of gold and silver: 33,635,962 3,639,025 17,274,491 48,266,759 48,568,950 47,090,595 81,459,986 Gold. 15 24,519,704 13,503,894 34,873,929 56,712,275 49,732,390 44,250,259 49,472,702 Silver. 15 0 Includes notes of bank of United States, State bank notes, demand notes of 1862 and 1863; fractional currency 1863 to 1878; Treasury notes of 1890, 1891 to date, and currency certificates, act of June 8, 1872,1892 to 1900. 10 Includes all private banks from 1875 to 1882; from 1887 to date includes only those voluntarily reporting, estimated at one-fourth of total private banks. 11 “Net ordinary receipts” include receipts from customs, internal revenue, direct tax, public lands, and “miscellaneous,” but do not include receipts from loans, premiums, or Treasury notes, or revenues of Post-Office Department. 12 “Net ordinary expenses” include expenditures for war, Navy, Indians, pensions, and “miscellaneous,” but do not include payments for Interest, premiums, or principal of public debt, or expenditures for postal service. 13 Based on total imports to 1860; after that on imports for consumption only. ii Based on total exports to 1860; after that on domestic exports only. is Gold and silver can not be separately stated in domestic exports before 1864, but it is probable that the greater portion of the exports was gold. Gold and silver contained in ore are included under gold and silver since 1894. 10 Figures are for the year 1821; no complete data for 1820 or earlier years. 11 Includes 850,164,500 paid on account of Panama Canal. 93 94 PROGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES BY DECADES Summary of Progress of the United States in its Area, Population, and AREA, POPULATION, AND INDUSTRIES. 1800 1810 1820 1S30 1840 1850 I860 Ijr£QM^,T.-°E CONSUMPTION, GROUPED ACCORDING TO DEGREE OF MANUFACTURE AND USES: Food and live animals. Dollars. 1 J2,482,524 14,166,201 26,263,663 32,718,076 J8,338,514 Per cent of total. » 22.89 22.59 25.73 18.86 22.15 Crude articles for domestic industries. Dollars. 1 3,107,564 5,319,143 10,940,065 18,105,147 61,670,477 Per cent of total. 1 6.70 8.48 11.13 10.44 17.41 -Articles manufactured wholly or partially for Dollars. 1 5,943,913 4,122,385 9,944,728 SO, 857,522 81,939,551 V ' N use as materials in the mechanic arts. Per cent of total. 1 10.90 6 .67 10.12 17.78 9.03 ^"Articles manufactured ready for consumption.. Dollars. 1 24,527,238' 29.615.700 84 631 990 BS JS.R7 ER9 123.741 654 Per cent of total. *'44.99 47.22 85.25 37.97 35 00 Articles ol voluntary use, luxuries, etc. Dollars. V* 1 8 ,459,595 9,497,527 16.478 260 9S 041 970 R9 rv>Pi 5 Per cent of total... 1 15.32 15.14 16.77 14 95 16 41 Total imports.. Dollars. * 61, 520, S34 * 62,720,956 98,258,706 178 sno R9E 353,616,119 Domestic merchandise exported, grouped ac- ♦ cording to sources of~production: /Agricultural products. I Per cent of total. Dollar. 25,590,534 --- 89.87- S3,448,416 — 78 95 41,603,749 80 50 46,977,332 g0.27 92,54$, 067 g 2.88 108,605,713 256,560,972 1 Manufactures.... Dollars. 2,493,755 S, 951,154 3.915 793 6 641 016 11 149 621 17 Mf) 4KA 40,345,892 TO 7ft ^ Per cent of total... 7.83 6.32 7.63 II .35 9.98 15 ER Mining..... Dollars. 167,090 0 12 QQQ /f£R Per cent of total... ft Forest...... Dollars. 2,228,863 2.969 403 3 899 7ft5 2 fifil S58 $ fiQ4 4,590,747 q An 10,299,959 Per cent of total... 7.00 7 01 7 40 4 ,54 $ 47 Fisheries... Doll fi rs_ 1,098 511 i 401 nno 2 251 000 1 796 97U a 109 win 2,824,818 4,156,480 Per cent of total.s 3.45 3 50 4 35 2 95 2.87 Miscellaneous... ..* Dollars .... 429 740 516 708 SlQ q?.» £<& sno m* 1,131,409 /) QA Per cent of total. 1.35 1.22 0.12 0.89 0.80 Total domestic exports... Dollars_ 31,840,903 42,366,673 51,683,640 58,524,914 111,660,561 816,242,423 IMPORTS BY GRAND DIVISIONS OF THE WORLD; * Europe. Dollars...... 46,857,980 40 841 420 El lift 814 19! \jo *-7.24 Oceania 3 . Dollars. 142,969 0 16 3S4,887 n K4 602,447 n p.r 1,401,340 Per cent of total... v, *JO, 196,614,746 392,560,090 349,051,791 618,834,471 490,361,695 605,829,694 606,808,013 Exports] 14,483,211 35,944,500 63,936,315 61,866,002 47,750,342 59,995,431 63,890,106 Imports], Philadelphia. 16,927,610 49,649,693 37,410,683 78,406,031 80,383,403 73,631,968 71,411,931 Exports] 19,512,468 19,945,989 13,140,203 19,045,279 22,825,281 27,803,167 20,345,788 Importslgaitimore. 14,510,733 76,253,566 73,983,693 115,630,378 80,532,512 81,704,497 82,836,164 Exports] 14,377,471 10,611,353 14,658,163 17,490,811 23,763,480 28,880,744 34,036,516 Imports] New Orleans. 107,586,952 90,442,019 108,126,891 115,858,764 134,486,863 149,072,519 148,595,103 Exports] 15,982,549 35,221,751 48,751,223 47,869,628 35,102,981 36,454,283 37,542,978 Impoi ts|g an Francisco. 13,991,781 32,368,929 36,876,091 40,368,288 88,183,755 33,602,616 32,547,181 Exports] Farm statistics: 2 fif/) 985 4 008,907 4 564,641 Farms. 922 471 7,713,875 8 565,926 10,438,219 1 Persons engaged in agriculture. l fl 944 857 749 12,180,501,538 16,082,267,689 20,514,C01, 838 I 1 Value of farms and farm property. 1 1,958,030,927 2,212,540,927 2,460,107,454 2 3,764,177,706 | Value of farm products. Farm animals: 1,524,9C0,149 1,576,917,556 2,418,766,028 2,228,123,134 2,989,170,150 3,102,516,540 2,993,247,479 Total value. 25,484,100 33,258,000 52,801,907 43,902,414 61,424,599 61,764,433 61,049,315 Cattle. 8,248,800 11,201,800 14,213,837 13,537,524 16,631,224 16,557,373 16,736,059 Horses. 40,853,000 40,765,900 44,336,072 41,883,065 62,039,091 63,964,876 61,630,144 Sheep. 1,179,500 1,729,500 2,331,027 2,086,027 2,757,011 2,728,088 2,757,916 Mules. 26,751,400 34,034,100 61,602,780 37,079,356 48,698,890 46,922,624 47,009,367 Swine. Production of principal commodities: 162,000,000 232,500,000 276,000,000 288,636,621 316,341,032 287,450,000 291,783,032 Wool. 235,884,700 498,519,868 399,262,000 522,229,505 670,063,008 637,821,885 552,399,517 Wheat. 1,094,255,000 1,717,434,543 1,489,970,000 2,105,102,516 2,523,648,312 2,244,176,925 2,467,480,934 Corn. 3,114,592 5,761,252 7,311,322 9,436,416 10,680,680 10,727,559 10, Oil, 374 Cotton. 46, S00 92,802 136,503 149,191 325,290 332,949 217,606 Cane sugar. Production of principal minerals: Precious metals— 50,000,0C0 36,000,000 32,845,000 79,171,000 80,000,000 73,591,700 6 84,551,300 Gold. 16,000,000 39,200,000 70,485,714 74,633,495 71,757,575 70,206,060 * 69,305,000 Silver. 32,863,000 63,322,830 140,S667931 240,789, 309 269,277,177 319,068,229 Coal.® 220,951,290 1,104, .017,166 1,924,552,224 2, 661,233,568 3,728,210,472 4,219,376,154 Petroleum. 1,605,179 3,835,191 9,202,703» 13,789,242 17,821,307 18,009,252 Pig iron. 68, 750 1,247,835 4,277,071 10,188,329 14,947,250 14,534,973 Steel. 12,600 27,000 115,966 270,588 291,423 311,627 Copper. 218,598,994 369,3l9,000 619,648,925 1,063,67$, 053 1,200,509,738 1,419,721,569 Total value all mineral production in U. S. . . - *» Manufacturing industries of the United states 252,148 253,852 355,415 512,734 Manufacturing establishments.® 2,053,996 2,732,595 4,712,622 5,719,137 | . Average employees.® 775,584,343 947,953,795 2,283,216,529 2,735,430,818 . Wages and salaries paid.® 4,232,325,442 5,369,579,191 9,372,437,283 13,039,279,566 1 . Value of products.® Manufactures of iron and steel: 9 808 1,005 719 725 Establishments. 40,514,981 55,476,785 95,736,192 134,739,001 Wages and salaries paid. 207,208,696 296,557,685 478,687,519 835,759,034 Value of products. 40,273,682 71,266,699 41,679,591 20,478,728 27,180,247 51,617,312 27,028,312 Imports. 13,483,163 14,716,521 25,542,208 121,913,548 98,552,562 96,642,467 111,948,586 Exports. . Tin plates: 150,932,768 379,902,880 680,060,925 147,963,804 198,996,086 109,913,293 126,909,360 Imports. W 2,236,743 677,969,600 806,400,000 1,075,200,000 Production. i Manufactures of cotton: 11 956 756 905 1,055 Establishments.® 39,044,132 45,614,419 69,489,272 94,039,951 Wages and salaries paid.® 177,489,739 192,090,110 267,981,724 339,200,320 Value of products.® 3,787,282 9,981,418 9,999,277 24,003,087 32,108,362 32,216,304 22,403,713 Exports. 23,380,053 29,929,366 29,918,055 41,296,239 44,460,126 52,462,755 49,462,755 Imports. Cotton movement: 857,000 1,795,000 2,325,000 3,644,000 4,083,000 3,924,000 3,935,000 Domestic cotton taken by United States mills. * Spindles in operation on September 1— - 12,700,000 14,400,000 15,000,000 15,100,000 15,200,000 In Northern States. 1,360,000 4,700,000 6,400,000 6,900,000 7,650,000 In Southern States. 14,060,000 9,100,000 21,400,000 22,000,000 22,850,000 Total United States. 958,558,523 1,822,061,114 2,471,799,853 3, 100,583,188 3,500,778,763 3,643,043,022 3,063,192,760 > Exports of domestic cotton. 227,074,624 211,535,905 250,968,792 241,832,737 290,651,819 316,180,429 370,810,246 I 1,698,133 3,547,792 8,606,049 67,398.521 98,715,680 74,874,426 48,840,590 Raw cotton imported. t in addition to this it is estimated that 10,000,000 barrels ran to waste in and prior to 1862 for want of a market. * Product of 1845. 9 No official figures in other than census years. 10 1891, last six months. 11 Does not include hosiery and knit goods. c & n 1904— vol 1 - 7 98 PEOGEESS OF THE UNITED STATES BY DECADES Progress of the United States in its Area, Population, and AREA, POPULATION, AND INDUSTRIES. 1SOO 1810 1820 1830 1840 1850 I860 Manufactures of wool: 1 Establishments 2 . N umber.... 1,675 1,476 Wages and salaries paid 2 .. Dollars .. 11,699,630 Value of products 2 . Dollars. 48,608,779 73,454, COO Imports. Dollars .... 5,598,634 6,900,988 10,808,485 19,6SO,619 43,141,988 Raw wool imported. Pounds. 669,883 9,898,740 18,695,294 ( 3 ) Manufactures of silk: Establishments 2 . Number .... 67 139 Wages and salaries paid 2 . 1,050,224 Value of products 2 . Dollars. 1,809,476 6,607,771 Imports. Dollars. 7,918,534 9,601,522 17,639,624 32,726,134 Raw silk imported. Pounds... Imports of crude rubber... Pounds. _. Sugar: [Pounds. SO, 490,113 120,940,747 218,430,764 694,838,197 [Dollars. 4, 630,922 5,581,078 7,555,603 31,078,970 Average cost per pound in foreign countries. Cents. 5.35 4.61 3.46 4.38 Wholesale prices of granulated, at New York. Total consumption. Tons. ‘ 69,711 107,177 239,409 428,785 Consumption per capita. Pounds. 12.1 14.1 23.1 30.5 Coffee: Imports. (Pounds. 51,488,248 94,996,095 145,272,6S7 202,144,733 [Dollars.1. 4,227,021 8,546,222 11,234,835 21, S83,797 Average import price per pound at New York. Cents.■ 8.3 8.8 7.6 10.8 Consumption per capita 5 . Pounds.1 _ • 2.98 5.06 6.60 5.79 Tea: [Pounds. 8,609,415 20,006,595 29, S72,054 31,096,657 | Dollars.'.1. 2,425,018 5,427,010 4,719,232 8,915,327 Average import price per pound at New York. Cents.1. ■. 22.3 24.1 14.1 26.3 Consumption per capita 6 . Pounds_' . 1 _ .53 .99 1.22 .84 Railways: In operation. Miles_ 23 2, S18 9,021 30,626 Passengers carried. Number ....' Freight carried 1 mile. Tons*. _1 1 1 1 Freight rates per ton per mile. Cents. f 1 1 Passenger cars... Number_ Freight cars. Numher ' 1_ 1_ ' ........ American vessels: Built. Tons 10T> °61 127 572 r >1 394 5fc, 560 121 203 214 797 Engaged in foreign trade and whale fisheries. Tons. f '. 0 ,921 984,269 619,048 576,475 899,765 1 585 711 2 546,237 Engaged in coastwise trade and cod and mackerel Tons. 301,919 440,175 660,005 614,508 1,280,999 1,949,743 2,807,631 fisheries. Engaged in commerce of Great Lakes. Tons_ . . « 3,500 11,106 54,199 108,266 Vessels passing through the Saulte Ste. Marie Canal_ Tonnage ..J.*. 403,657 Freight rates on wheat, Chicago to New York: Lake and canal 7 . Cts. r>cr bu__ 24.83 Lake and rail. Cts. nerbu.J..-.. J_ 1_ All rail. Cts. ner bu.. 1 .J.. J.. Consumption of wines and liquors: Wines— Consumption. Gallons . 4 372 ooo O 21.2 371 Consumption per capita . Gallons . ^ _ 1 0.29 0.27 0.35 Malt liquors— i Consumption . Gallons . 92 210 342 20 202 OOO Consumption per capita. Gallons . ' _ J 1. 36 1.6S AU^ j OTUj UUii/ Distilled spirits— Consumption. Gallons. 42 OOO 334 21 322 472 89,968,651 Consumption per capita. Gallons. 9 20 Total consumption of wines and liquors. Proof gals .. . 71 244 392 04 719 222 Total consumption per capita . Proof gals .. 4.17 4. OS Prices of staple commodities: Tig iron, No. 1, foundry, per ton 9 . Dollars . 27.88 Steel rails, standard sections, per ton 10 . Dollars . Middling cotton, per pound 11 . Cents . 19 04 Standard sheetings, per yard 12 . Cents . 7 37 Standard prints, pervard 12 . Cents . 10 09 Washed Ohio fleece wool, July 1— 13 y. Fine ............. Cents . 60 A *, oo Medium .. Cents . 50 20 Coarse... Cents. 40 OJ 33 SO DU 40 1 Does not include hosiery and knit Roods. 2 No official figures in other than census years. 8 Quantity not stated. * Does not include sugar from Hawaii and Porto Rico, 6 Consumption per capita based on net imports. 8 From Andrews’s Colonial and Lake Trade. PBOGEESS OF THE UNITED STATES, BY DECADES 99 Material Industries, by Decades, and in 1902, 1903, and 1904—Continued. 1870 1880 1890 1900 1902 1903 1904 AREA, POPULATION, AND INDUSTRIES. Manufactures of wool: 1 3,208 35,928,150 199,257,202 34,490,668 2,330 40,687,612 238,085,686 33,911,093 1,693 1,414 64,389,312 296,990,484 16,164,446 Establishments 2 58,397,470 270,527,511 56,582,432 Wages and salaries paid. 2 Value of products. 2 Imports. 17,384,463 19,546,385 17,733,788 49,230,199 128,131,747 105,431,285 155,928,455 166,576,966 177,137,796 173,742,834 Raw wool imported. Manufactures of silk: 86 382 472 483 Establishments. 2 1,942,2S6 12,210,662 23,904,048 9,146,705 41,033,045 32,188,690 17,762,441 87 298,454 38,686,374 20,982,194 107,256,258 30,894,373 Wages and salaries paid. 2 Value of products. 2 32,640,242 35,963,552 31,973,680 Imports. 583,589 2,562,236 7 347,909 13,043,714 14,230,708 15,270,600 16,692,950 Raw silk imported. 9,624,098 16,826,099 33,842,374 49,377,138 50,413,481 55,010, 571 59,015,551 Imports of crude rubber. 1,196,773,569 1,829,291,684 2, 934,011,560 4,018,086,530 *3,031,915,875 4 4,216,108,106 4 3,700,623,613 Sugar: | Imports. 56,923,745 80,087,720 96,094,532 100,250,974 55,061,097 72,088,973 71,915,753 4.95 4.18 3.28 2.49 1.82 1.71 1.94 Average cost per pound in foreign countries. 13.51 9.80 6.27 5.32 4.46 4,64 4.77 Wholesale price of granulated, at New York. 607,834 956,784 1,476,377 2,219,847 2,566,108 2,549,643 2,767,162 Total consumption. 35.3 42.9 52.8 65.2 72.8 71.1 75.3 Consumption per capita. 235,256,574 416,850,727 499,159,120 787,991,911 1,091,004,252 915,086,380 995,043,284 Coffee: | Imports. 24,234,879 60,360,7C9 78,267,432 52,467,943 70,982,155 59,200,749 69,551,799 10.3 13.5 16.0 6.7 6.5 6.5 7.0 Average import price-per pound at New York. 6.00 8.78 7.83 9.81 13.37 10.79 11.75 Consumption per capita. 5 47,408,481 13,863,273 72,162,936 19,782,031 83,886,829 12,317,493 84,845,107 10,558,110 75,579,125 9,390,128 108,574,905 15,659,229 112,905,541 18,229,310 Tea: j Imports. 29.4 27.4 15.0 12.4 12.4 14.5 16.1 Average import price per pound at New Y'ork. 1.10 52,922 1.39 93,262 1.33 106,703 520,439,082 79,192,985,125 93 1.09 194,259 584,695,935 141,162,109,413 75 .94 203,009 655,130,236 156,624,166,024 76 1.30 207,604 096,908,994 171,290,310, CSS 78 1.34 Consumption per capita. 5 Railways: In operation. Passengers carried. Freight carried 1 mile. Freight rates per ton per mile. Passenger cars. Freight cars. American vessels: 12,788 544,185 21,661 1,069,205 26,786 27,364 1,513,675 28,048 1,034,332 1,358,467 276,953 157,400 294,122 393,790 468,833 436,152 378,542 Built. 1,516,800 1,352,810 946,695 826,694 8S2,555 888,776 S98,768 Engaged in foreign trade and whale fisheries. 2, 729,707 2,715,224 3,477,802 4,338,145 4,915,347 5,198,509 5,392,707 Engaged in coastwise trade and cod and mack- erel fisheries. . 684,704 605,102 1,063,063 1,565,587 1,816,511 1,902,698 2,019,208 Engaged in commerce of Great Lakes. 690,826 1,734,890 8,454,435 22,315,834 31,955,582 27,736,444 24,364,138 Vessels passing through the Sault Ste. Marie Canal. Freight rates on wheat, Chicago to New Y'ork: 17.11 12.27 5.85 4.42 5.25 5.44 Lake and canal. 7 22.0 15.7 8.5 5.05 6:78 6.17 Lake and rail. 33.3 19.9 14.31 8 9.98 10.60 11.33 All rail. Consumption of wines and liquors: Wines— 12,225,067 28,329,541 28,956,981 30,427,491 49,754,403 38,719,355 44,693,516 Consumption. 0.32 0.56 0.46 0.40 0.63 0.49 0.55 Consumption per capita. Malt liefuors— 201,756,156 414,220,165 855,792,335 1,221,500,160 1,381,875,437 1,449, S79,952 1,494,191,325 Consumption. 5.31 S. 26 13.67 16.01 17. 49 18.04 18.28 Consumption per capita. Distilled spirits— 79,895,708 63,526,694 87,829,623 97,357,394 107,789,160 117,670,382 121,101,997 Consumption. 2.07 1.27 1.40 1.27 1.36 1.46 1.48 Consumption per capita. 296,876,931 506,076,400 972,578,939 1,349,285,045 1,539,419,000 1,606,242,672 1,659,986,838 Total consumption of wines and liquors. 7.70 10.09 15.53 17.68 19.4S 19.99 20.31 Total consumption per capita. Prices of staple commodities: 33.23 28.48 18.41 19.98 22.19 19.92 15.57 Pig iron, No. 1, foundry, per ton. 9 106.79 67.52 31.78 32.29 28.00 28.00 28.00 Steel rails, standard sections, per ton. 19 23.98 11.51 11.07 9.25 9.00 11.18 11.75 Middling cotton, per pound. 11 14.58 8.51 7.00 6.05 5.48 6.25 7.13 Standard sheetings, per yard. 12 12.41 7.41 6.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 Standard prints, per yard. 12 Washed Ohio fleece wool, July 1— 13 46 46 33 . m 26 31! 32i Fine. 45 48 37 31! 26} 31! 32| Medium. 43 42 29 27g 25 27 30! Coarse. 7 Including: canal tolls until 1882, but not Buffalo transfer charges. 8 For domestic consumption; local rates for exports only 9.08 cents in 1900. 0 At Philadelphia. 70 At mills in Pennsylvania. 71 Net prices at New York. 72 At New York. 13 In Eastern markets. 100 - PROGRESS OF TBE UNITED STATES BY DECADES Summary of Progress of the United States in its Area, Population, and AREA, POPULATION, AND INDUSTRIES. 1800 1810 1820 1880 1840 1850 1860 Commercial failures: Reported. Number.... 3,676 79,807,000 28,498 8,518,067 Amount of liabilities. Dollars. Post-office statistics: Post-offices.. Number.... Dollars. 903 280,S04 2,300 551,6S4 4,500 1,111,927 8,450 1,850,583 13,463 4,513,522 18,417 6,499,9S5 Receipts of Post-Office Department. Telegraph messages sent 1 2 . Number.... Newspapers and periodicals published. Number.... . 8 359 3 861 1,403 2,526 4,051 Public schools: Pupils unrollocl T .. Number .... Average daily ationdanr.fi. Number .... 8n.ln.rios paid superintendents and teachers. Dollars. Total expenditures. Dollars. Students in colleges, universities, and schools of technology: jfen. Number .... Women. Number .... Total . Number .... Number .... 473 84,066 993 310,004 4,778 7 150,237 -- Number.... 6 8,385 23,322 1 Western Union to 1885; includes Postal Telegraph 1885 to date. 2 Figures from 1S10 to 1860, inclusive, from census of 1880. s1828. * Figures from 1870 to date; from Rowell’s Newspaper Directory. PROGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES EY DECADES 101 Material Industries, by Decades, and in 1902, 1903, and 1904—Continued. 1870 1880 18S0 1900 1902 1903 1904 AREA, POPULATION, AND INDUSTRIES. Commercial failures: 3,546 4,735 10,907 10,774 11,615 12,069 12,199 Reported. 88,242,000 65,752,000 189,856,964 138,495,673 117,476,769 155,444,185 144,202,311 Amount of liabilities. • Post-office statistics: 28,492 42,989 62,401 76,688 75,924 74,109 71,131 Post-offices. 19,772,221 S3,315,479 60,882,09S 102,354,579 121,848,047 134,224,443 143,582,624 Receipts of Post-Office Department. 9,157,640 29,215,509 63,258,762 79,696,227 89,461,813 91,391,443 Telegraph messages sent. 1 * 5, S71 9,723 16,948 20,806 20,156 20,485 22,168 Newspapers and periodicals published. Public schools: 6, S71,522 6,867,505 12,722,581 15,503,110 15,925,887 16,009,361 Pupils enrolled. 4,077,347 6,144,143 8,153,635 10,632,772 10,999,273 11,054,602 Average daily attendance. 37,832,566 65,942,972 91,836,484 137,687,746 150,013,734 157,110,108 Salaries paid superintendents and teachers. G3, S9C>, GG6 73,094, C87 140,506,715 214,964,618 235,208,465 251,457,625 Total expenditures. Students in colleges, universities, and schools of technology: 41,920 72,159 78,133 82,394 Men. 10,761 26,764 29,258 25,987 Women. 6 38,227 65,687 98,923 107,391 108,381 Total. 13,333 13,947 26,292 26,499 27,886 31,582 Patents issued. •387,2C3 457,257 455,302 448,572 648,743 857,046 815,301 Immigrants arrived. 6 Figures for the year 1880 arc for the calendar year preceding the fiscal year, and include nonresident graduates; figures of later years are exclusive of nonresident graduate students. _ , . , . , . * 1800 to 1850, total alien passengers arrived year ending September 30, excepting 1S4.0, which is calendar year. t Calendar year. •Years ending June 30 to date. PEGGEE3S OF THE UNITED STATES POPULATION. 4 YEAR. Area. 1 * Total. Per square pule. 1S90. Sq. miles. 627,844 6,393,483 6.41 1810. 1,999,775 7,239,881 8.62 1820. 2,059,013 0,658,453 4.68 1830. 2,059,043 12,866,020 6.25 1810. 2,059,013 17,069,453 8.29 1850. 2,980,950 £3,191,873 7.78 1851. 2,980,059 1 23,995,000 8.05 1852. 2,930,959 24,802,000 8.82 1S53. 2,930,539 25,615,000 8.59 1854. 2,920,059 £6,433,000 8.87 1855. 2,980,959 27,256,000 9.14 1858. 2,980,959 28,083,000 9.42 1857. 2,950,559 28,916,000 9.70 1858. 2,580,959 29,758,000 9.9S 1859. 2,980,059 xjO, 593 ,000 10.26 1S60. 8,025,600 31,443,321 10.39 1861. 3,025,600 32,064,000 10.60 1862. 8,025,600 32,704,000 10.81 1863. 3,025,600 33, S65,000 11.03 1864. 8,025,600 34,046,000 11.25 1865. 3,025,600 34,743,000 11.48 1866. 3,025,600 55,469,000 11.72 1867. 3,025,600 36,211,000 11.97 1868. 8,025, COO 36,973,000 12.22 1869. 3,025,600 87,756,000 12.48 1S70. 3,025,600 38,558,371 12.74 1871. 3,025,600 89,655,000 13.07 1872. 3,025,600 40,550,000 13.42 1873. 3,025,600 41,677,000 13.77 1S74. 3,025,600 42,796,000. 14.14 1875. 3,025,600 43,951,000 14.53 1876. 3,025,600 j 45,137,000 14.92 1877. 3,025,600 46,353,000 15.32 1878. 3,025,600 47,683,0-30 15.73 1879. 3,025,600 48,866,000 16.15 1S80. 3,025,660 g0, Ido, 783 16.57 1881. 8,025,600 51,816,000 16.93 1882. 3,025,600 J 52,495,000 17.35 1883. 3,025,660 53,693,000 17.75 1884. 3,025,600 | 64,911,080 18.15 1885. 3,025,600 j 50,148,000 18.66 1SS6. 3,025,600 | 57,404,000 18.97 1887. 3,023,600 58,680,000 19.39 1SSS. 3,025,600 59,074,000 19.82 18S9. 3,025, CC0 61,259, COO 20.26 1890. 3,025,600 62,622,250 20.70 1891. 3,025,600 63,844,000 21.10 1892. 3,025,600 65,086,000 21.51 1893. 8,025,600 66,349,000 21.92 1S94. 3,025,600 67,632,000 22.35 1S95. 3,025,600 68,934,000 22.78 1S96. 3,025,600 70,254,000 23.22 1S97. 3,025,COO 71,592,000 23.66 1898. 3,025,600 72,947,000 24.11 1899. 3,025,600 74,318,000 24.56 1900. 3,025,600 76,303,387 25.22 1901 :. 3,025,600 77,647,000 25.66 1902. 3,025,COO 79,003,000 26.11 1903. 3,025,600 80,372,000 26.56 1994. 3,025,600 81,752,000 27.02 wealth . 3 Total. Dollars . 7,135,780,000 16,159,616,000 36,068,518,000 42,642,000,000 65,037,091,000 °77,000,000,000 0 94,3 00,000,000 Per capita. Dollars. 307.69 513.93 779.83 850.20 1,038.57 1,117.01 1,235. S6 PUBLIC DEBT STATEMENT. COINAGE. Com¬ mer¬ cial ratio, silver to gold. Total public debt, less cash in the Treasury.* Per capita. Interest-bear¬ ing debt. 6 Annual interest charge. Per cap¬ ita. Gold coined. Silver coined. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dells. Dollars. Dollars. 82,976,294.35 15.63 82,976,294 3,402,601 0.64 317,760 224,296 15.68 53,173,217.52 7.34 53,173,218 3,163,671 .44 501,435 638,774 15.77 91,015,566.15 9.42 91,015,566 5,151,004 .53 1,3i9,030 601,681 15.62 48,565,406.50 3.77 48,565,406 1,912,575 .15 643,105 2,495,400 15.82 3,573,343.82 .21 3,573,344 174,598 .01 1,675,483 1,726,703 15.62 63,452,773.55 2.74 63,452,774 3,782,393 .16 31,981,739 1,866,100 15.70 68,304,796.02 2.85 68,304,796 3,696,761 .15 62,614,493 774,397 15.46 66,199,341.71 2,67 66,199,842 4,000,298 .1G 56,846,188 999,410 15.59 59,803,117.70 2.33 59,803,118 3,665,833 .14 39,377,909 9,077,571 15.33 42,242,222.42 1. GO 42,242,222 3,070,927 .12 25,915,963 8,619,270 15.33 35,586,956.56 1.81 35,586,957 2,314,465 .03 29,387,968 3,501,245 15.38 10,965,953.01 1.14 31,762,762 1,869,446 .07 36,857,769 6,142,240 15.38 9,998,621.76 .99 28,460,959 1,672,768 .06 32,214, C40 5,478,760 15.27 37,900,191.72 1.51 44,700,838 2,446,670 .08 22,938,414 8,495,370 15.38 53,405,234.19 1.91 58,290,738 3,126,166 .10 14,780,570 3,284,450 15.19 5,9964,402.01 1.91 64,640,838 3,443,687 .11 23,473,654 2,259,390 15.29 8,7718,660.60 2.74 90,880,874 6,092,630 .16 83,395,530 3,783,740 15.50 505,312,752.17 15.45 365,804,827 22,048,510 .67 20,875,998 1,252,517 15.35 1,111,360,737.41 33.31 707,531,634 41,854,148 1.25 22,445,4S2 809,268 15.37 1,709,452,277.04 50.21 1,359,930,764 78,853,4S7 2.32 20,081,415 •609,917 15.37 2,674,815,856.76 76.93 2,221,311,918 137,712,617 3.96 28,295,10S 691,005 15.44 2,636,036,163.84 74.32 2,332,331,208 146,068,196 4.12 31,435,945 982,409 15.43 2,508,151,211.69 G9.26 2,248,067,388 138,892,451 3.84 23,828,625 908,876 15.57 2,4S0,853,413.23 67.10 2,202,088,728 128,459,598 3.48 19,371,3SS 1,074,343 15.59 2,432,771,873.09 64.43 2,162,060,522 125,523,998 3.32 17,582,9S8 1,266,143 15.60 2,331,169,956.21 60.46 2,046,455,722 118,7S4.960 3.03 23,198,783 1,378,256 15.57 2,246,994,068.67 56.81 1,934,696,750 111,949,331 2.83 21,032,685 3,104,038 15.57 2,149,789,630.35 52.96 1,814,794,100 103,988,463 2.53 21,812,645 2,504,489 15.63 2,105,462,060.75 50.52 1,710,483,950 98,049,604 2.85 57,022,748 4,024,748 15.93 2,104,449,153.69 49.17 1,738,930,760 98,796,005 2.31 35,254,630 6,851,777 16.16 2,090,011,170.13 47.53 1,722,676,300 .96, S55,691 2.20 32,951,940 15,347,893 16.64 2,060,925,840.45 45.60 1,710,635,450 96,104,269 2.11 46,579,453 24,603,303 17.75 2,019,275,431.37 43.66 1,711,888,500 93, ICO, 644 2.01 43,999,864 28,393,046 17.20 1,999,382,280.45 42.01 1,794,735,650 94,654,473 1.99 49,786,052 28,518,850 17.92 1,99,6414, S05.03 40.85 1,797,643,700 83,773,779 1.71 39,080,080 27,569,776 18.39 1,919,320,747.75 38.27 1,723,993,100 79,633,9S1 1.59 62,303,279 27,411,694 18.05 1,819,650,154.23 35.46 1,639,567,750 75,018,696 1.46 96,850,890 27,940,164 18.25 1,675,023,474.25 31.91 1,463,810,400 67,360,111 1.09 65,887,685 27,973,132 18.20 1,538,781,825.15 28.66 1,338,229,150 51,43S, 710 .96 29,241,990 29,246,963 18.64 1,438,542,995.39 26.20 1,226,563,850 47,926,433 .87 23,991,757 23,534,866 18.61 1,375,352,443.91 24.50 1,196,150,950 47,014,133 .84 27,773,013 28,962,176 19.41 1,282,145,840.44 22.34 1,146,014,100 45,510,098 .79 28,9-15,542 32,0S6,710 20.78 1,175,168,675.42 20.03 1,021,692,350 41,780,530 .71 23,972,383 35,191,081 21.10 1,063,004,894.73 17.72 950,522,500 38,991,935 .65 31,380,808 33,025,606 22.00 975,939,750.22 15.92 829,853,990 33,752,355 .53 21,413,931 35,496,683 22.10 893,784,370.53 14.22 725,313,110 29,417,603 .47 20,467,183 39,202,908 19.75 851,912,751.78 13.34 610,529,120 23,615,736 .37 29,222,005 27,518,867 20.92 841,526,463.60 12.93 585,029,330 22,893,8S3 .35 34,787,223 12,641,078 23.72 838.969,475.75 12.64 5S5,037,100 22,894,194 .35 56,997,020 8,802,797 26.49 £99,313,380.65 13.30 635,041,890 25,394,386 .38 79,546,160 9,200,351 32.56 901,672,966.74 13.03 716,202,060 29,140,792 .42 59,616,358 6,693,010 31.60 955,297,253.70 13.60 847,363,890 34,387,266 .49 47,053,060 23,089,399 30.59 986,656,086.14 13.78 847,365,130 34,387,315 .48 76,028,485 18,487,297 34.20 1,027,085,492.14 14.08 847,367,470 34,837,409 .47 77,985,757 23,034,033 35.03 1,155,320,235.19 15.55 1,046,048,750 40,347,873 .64 111, 344,220 26,061,520 34.36 1,107,711,257.89 14.52 1,023,478, SCO 33,545,130 .44 99,272,943 36,845,321 33.33 1,044,739,119.97 13.45 987,141,010 29,789,153 .38 101,735,18S 30,838,461 34.63 969,457,241.04 12.27 931,070,340 27,642,946 .35 47,184,933 30,028,167 39.15 925,011,637.31 11.51 914,541,410 25,541,673 .32 43,6S3,971 19,874,440 38.10 S67,231,773.75 11.83 895,157,440 24,176,745 .30 233,402,428 15,695,610 35.70 1 Exclusive of Alaska and islands belonging to the United States. ! Estimated for other than census years. 3 True valuation of real and personal property. * 1800 to 1840, outstanding principal of the public debt January 1; 1850 to 1855, outstanding principal of the public debt July 1. * Figures for the years 1800 to 1856 include the total public debt. 102 Ill ITS MATERIAL INDUSTRIES. MONEY IN CIRCULATION. NATIONAL BANKS, RErORT JUNE 30. YEAR. Gold.® Silver.® Gold certifi¬ cates. Silver certificates. U. S. notes (green¬ backs). National- bank notes. Miscellane¬ ous currency. 7 Total money in circulation, Per capita Num¬ ber. Capital paid in. Loans and discounts. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. ® 16,000,000 10,500,000 26,500,000 5.00 ....1800 27,000,000 98 non, non 55,000,000 7.59 ....1810 22,300,000 44,800 000 67,100,000 6 .94 26,344,295 61,000,000 87,344,295 6.79 79,336,916 106,968,572 186,305,488 10.91 147,395,456 131,366 526 278,761 982 12.02 ....1850 175. OSS. 354 155,165 251 330,253,605 13.76 189.36 7. 864 173,673 000 361,040,864 14.56 ....1852 214,057.107 188 181 000 402,238,107 15.70 ....1S53 220,862,033 204,689,207 425,551,240 IG. 10 ....1854 231,068,024 186 952,223 418,020,247 15.34 ....1855 230,098,675 195,747,950 425,846,625 15.16 ....1S56 212,289,886 214,778,822 457,068,703 15.81 ....1S57 253,601,684 155,208,344 408,810,028 13.74 ....1853 245,660,724 193,306,818 438,967,542 14.35 ....I860 228,304,775 207 102,477 435,407,252 13.85 ....I860 246,400,000 202,005,767 448,405,767 13.98 ....1861 25,000,000 72, S65,665 236,832,079 334,697,744 10.23 ....1862 25.000,000 312,481,418 257 912,620 695,394 038 17.84 €6 7,188 393 5,466,088 ....1863 25,000,000 415,115,990 31,235,270 198,290,218 €69,641,478 19.67 467 75,213,945 70,746,513 ....1864 25,000,000 378,916,742 146,137,860 164,048,393 714,702,995 20.57 1,294 362,442,743 25,000,000 327,792,305 276,012,713 44,683,226 673,488,244 18.99 1,634 414,270,493 550,353,094 ....1866 25,000,0C0 319,437,702 286,763,961 30,790,406 €61,992,069 18.28 1,636 418,558,148 588,450,396 ....1867 25,000,000 328,571,665 294,368,873 32,163,123 680,'103,661 18.89 1,640 420,105, 011 655,729,546 ....1868 25,000,000 314,702,094 291,749,684 33,001,113 664,452,891 17.60 1,619 422,659,260 686,347,756 ....1869 25,000,000 324,962,638 288,648,081 36,602,075 675,212,794 17.50 1,612 427,235,701 719,341,186 ....1870 25,000,000 343,068,970 311,405,672 36,414,363 715,889,005 18.10 1,723 450,330,841 7S9,416,5C8 ....1871 25,000,000 346,168,680 329,037,005 38,103, S64 738, S09,549 18.19 1,853 470,543,301 871,531,449 ....1872 25,000,000 348,464,145 338,962,475 39,455,189 751,881,809 18.04 1,968 490,109,801 925,557,682 ....1873 25,000,000 371,421,452 340,265,544 39,396,035 776,083,031 18.13 1,983 491,003,711 926,195,672 ....1874 25.000. 000 349,686,335 840,546,545 38,869,067 754,101,947 17.16 2,076 501,568,564 972,926,582 25,000,000 21,055,128 331,447,378 816,120,702 33,986,180 727,609,388 16.12 2,091 500,393,796 933,686,530 25 000 000 37,884,853 337,899,344 801,289,025 20,241,661 722,314,883 15.58 2,078 481,0-44,771 901,731,416 ....1877 25,000,000 65,127,573 7,080 320,905,895 311,724,361 16,367,725 729,132,634 15.32 2,056 470,393,860 835,078,133 ....1S73 110,505,362 69,383,023 15,279,820 414,480 301,644,112 321,104,996 818,631,793 16.75 2,048 455,244,415 835,875,012 •«».1S79 225,695,779 68,622,345 7,963,900 5,789,569 327,895,457 337,415,178 973,382,228 19.41 2,076 455,909,565 994,712,646 ....1SS0 315,312,877 76,181,776 6,759,520 39,110,729 328,126,924 349,746,293 1,114,238,119 21.71 2,115 460,227,835 1,144,9S8,949 ....1881 .358,251,325 78,783,769 5,029,020 54,506,090 325,255,427 352,464,788 1,174,290,419 22.37 2,239 477,184,390 ■ 1,208,932,656 ....18S2 344,653,495 62,125,749 59,807,370 72,620,686 323,242,177 347,856,219 1,230,305,696 22.91 2,417 500,298,312 1,285,591,902 ....1S83 340,624,203 86,351,008 71,146,640 96,427,011 318,687,214 330,689,893 1,243,925,969 22.65 2,625 522,515,996 1,269,862,936 ....1684 341,668,411 82,789,890 126,729,730 101,530,946 331,218,637 308,681,001 1,292,568,615 23.02 2,689 526,273,602 1,257,655,543 ....1885 358,219,575 98,842,613 76,044,375 88,116,225 323,812,699 307,665,038 1,252,700,625 21.82 2,809 539,109,292 1,421,547,199 ....1886 376,540,681 104,132,586 91,225,437 142,118,017 326,667,219 276,855,203 1,317,639,143 22.45 8,014 571,648,811 1,660,371,741 ....1887 391,114,033 105,889,710 121,094,650 200,759,657 308,000,040 245,312,780 1,372,170,870 22.88 3,120 688,384,018 1,628,121,565 ....1S88 376,481,568 105,934,463 117,130,229 257,155,565 310,439,191 207,220,633 1,380,361,649 22.52 3,239 605,851,641 1,779,054,528 ....1889 374,258,923 110,311,336 130,830,859 297,556,238 334,688,977 181,604,937 1,429,251,270 22.82 3,484 642,073,676 1,933,609,333 ....1890 407,319,163 117,045,399 120,063,069 307,235,966 343,207,360 162,221,046 40,348,704 1,497,440,707 23.42 3,652 672,903,597 1,963,704,948 ....1891 408,568,824 120,111,166 141,093,619 326,693,465 309,559,904 167,221,517 128,093,692 1,601,347,187 24.56 3,759 684,678,203 2,127,757,191 ....1892 40S,535,663 122,399,539 92,642,189 326,623,848 319,059,426 174,669,966 152,570,614 1,596,701,245 24.03 3,807 685,7S6,719 2,020,483,671 ....1893 195,976,730 111,075,619 66,339,849 326,990,736 266,589,602 200,219,743 193,616,429 1,660,808,708 24.52 3,770 671,091,165 1,944,441,315 ....1894 479,037,961 112,336,057 48,381,309 319,622,941 263,618,985 206,953,051 171,888,169 1,601,963,473 23.20 3,715 658,224,180 2,016,639,536 %•»»1S9d 454,905,064 112,321,355 42,198,119 330,657,191 224,249,868 215,16S, 122 120,935,247 1,506,434,966 21.41 3,689 651,144,855 1,971,642,012 .1896 517,589,688 111,559,690 S7,285,339 357,649,312 245,954,622 225,544,351 144,429,517 1,610,209,619 22.87 3,610 632,153,042 1,977,553,711 ....1897 657,950,463 122,539,886 35,811,589 390,126,510 284,569,022 222,990,9SS 123,871,437 1,837,859,895 25.15 3,582 622,016,745 2,163,681,938 ....1S93 679,738,050 130,547,250 32,655,919 402,136,617 308,351,812 237,805,439 112,836,764 1,904,071,881 25.68 3,583 604,865,327 2,492,230,585 ....1399 610,806,472 142,050,334 200,733,019 408,465,574 313,971,545 300,115,112 79,008,942 2,055,150,998 26.94 3,732 621,536,461 2,623,512,201 ....1900 629,790,765 146,156,537 247,036,859 429,643,556 330,045,406 345,110,801 47,524,538 2,175,307,962 27.98 4,165 645,719,099 2,956,966,376 ....1901 632,394,2S9 154,468,577 306,399,009 446,657,662 334,291,722 345,476,516 29,802,776 2,249,390,551 28.43 4,636 701,990,554 8,221,859,631 ....1S02 617,260,739 165,117,934 377,258,559 454,733,013 334,248,667 399,996,709 19,076,648 2,367,692,169 29.42 4,939 743,506,048 3,415,045,761 ....1903 645,817,576 166,842,169 465,655,099 461,138,698 333,759,425 433,027,836 12,902,057 2,519,142,860 30.77 : 5,331 767,378,118 3,595,013,467 ....1904 o Gold and silver can not be stated separately prior to 1876. From 1862 to 1875, inclusive, gold and silver were not in circulation except on the Pneifecoast, ■where it is estimated that the average specie circulation was about $25,000,000, and this estimate is continued for the three following years under the head of gold. A^ter that period gold was available for circulation. 7 includes notes of Bank of United States, State bank notes, demand notes of 1862 and 1863; fractional currency, 1863 to 1878; Treasury notes of 1890,1891 to date, and currency certificates, act of June 8,1872,1892 to 1900. # Total specie in circulation. Gold and silver were not separately stated prior to 1876. » Estimated. 103 104 PROGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, 1800-1904 Progress of the United States in TEAR. BANK CLEARINGS. New York. Total, United States. National banks (individual deposits). Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. ISOO ... 1S10 ... 1820 ... 1830 ... 1840 ... 1850 ... 1S51 ... 1352 ... 1853 ... 1854... 5,750,455,9S7 1855... 5,632,912,098 1855 ... 6,906,213.32S 1857 ... 8,333,226,718 1S58 ... 1859 ... 6.4 IS. 006. 956 . 1S60 ... 7 . 23 I.I 43 .O. 57 !_ 1SC1... 5,915,742,75S 1852 ... 6,871,443,591 1863 ... 14,867,597,849 1804... 21,097,196,656 ® 119,414,239 1865... 26,032,384,342 2 393,357,560 1863... 28,717,146,911 533,338,174 1867 ... 28,675,159,472 539,599,076 1868 ... 28,4S4,288,637 575,842, G70 1S59 ... 37,407,028,9S7 574,307,383 1870 ... 27,804,539,406 542,251,563 1871... 29,300,986,632 602,110,75S 1872... 33,844,369,568 618,801,619 1873 ... 35,461,052,826 641,121,775 1874 ... 22,855,927, C35 622,863,154 1875 ... 25,061,237,962 CSC, 478,630 1876 ... 21,597,274,247 641,432,886 1877... 23,289,243,701 636,267,529 1878... 22,508,438,442 621,632,160 1S79 ... 25,178,770,691 648,934,141 1880... 37,1S2,128,621 833,701,034 1831... 48,565,818,212 1,031,731,013 4(5 552,84(5 1(51 1 TOR 707,249 1883 ... 40,293,165,258 1,043,137,763 1SS4... 31,092,037,338 979,020,350 1S85 ... 25,250,791,440 1,106,376,517 1836... 33,374,682,21G 1 . 1,146,246,911 1887... 34,872, SIS, 786 52,126,704,488 1,285,076,979 1888 ... 30,863,6SC, 609 48,750,886,813: i 1,292,342,471 18S9 ... 34,796,405,5291 53,501,411,510 1,442,137,979! 1890 ... 37,660,686,572 58,845,279,505 1,521,745,665 1891 ... 34,053,698,770 67,298,737,938 1,535,058,569 1892... 36,279,905,236 60, SS3,572,438 1,753,339,680 1893... 34,421,379,870 58, S80,6S2,455 1,556,761,230 1894 ... 21,280,145,363 45,023,496,746 1,677,801,201 1895 ... 23,261,379,126 50,975,155,046 1,736,022,007 1896 ... 29,350,891, £84 51,935, 651,733 .1,668,-113,60S 1897 ... 31,337,760.948 54,179,545,030 1,770,480,563 1898 ... 39,853,413,94S 65,924, S20,769 2,023,357,160 1899 ... 57,363,230,771 83,828,672,533 2,522,157,509 1900 ... 51,961,5S8,561 84,5S2,450,081 2,458,092,758 1901 ... 77,020,672,494 114,819,792,086 2,941,837,429 1902 ... 74,753,1S9,436 116,021,61S, 003 3,098, S75,772 1903 ... 70,833,655,940 113,963,298,913 3,200,993,509 1904... 59,672,796,804 102,150,313,982 3,312,439,842 BANK DEPOSITS. Savings banks. Dollars. 1, 6 , 14, 43, 50, 59, 72, 77, 84, 95, 98, 1C8, 128, 149, 146, 169, 20-3, 236, 242, 282, 837, 392, 457, 549, 650, 735, 802, 864, 924, 941, 86G, 879, 802, 819, 891, 966, 1,024, 1,073, 1,095, 1,141, 1,235, 1,364, 1,444, 1,550, 1,654, 1,758, 1,808, 1,777, 1,844, 1,935, 1,983, 2,028, 2,182, 2,389, 2,516, 2,650, 2,815, 2,918, 138, 973, 051, 431, 457, 467, 313, 823, 290, 598, 512, 43S, 657, 277, 729, 434, 235, 280, 619, 455, 009, 781, 675, 874, 745, 046, 363, 555, 037, o50, 218, 897, 490, 106, 901, 797, 856, 291, 172, 530, 247, 19C, 391, 023, 826, 329, 800, 833, 357, •166, 413, 208, 006, 719, 843, 104, 483, 775, State banks. Dollars. 576 304 520 130 913 453 696 906 076 230 968 2S7 901 504 882 540 202 401 382 794 452 81 050 35 442 805 609 902 304 255 306 425 298 973 142 C81 787 055 147 578 371 550 325 956 142 61S 262 242 795 468 564 409 421 954 293 486 1061, 32912 , 75,696,857 109,586,595 128,957,712 145,553,876 188,188,744 190,400,342 212,705,662 230,351,352 185,932,049 1 259,568,27S 253,802,129' 257,229,562' 296,322,4CS: 393,686.226' Loan and trust com¬ panies. Dollars. No data. 110,754, 143,690, 165,871, 157,928, 226,6.54, 142,764, 166,958, 208,751, 201,362, 281,775, 334.995, 325.365, 344,307, 312,882, 447.995, 410,0-17, 507,084, 553,054 556,637 648,513, 708,865, 658,107, 712,410, 695,659, 723,640, 912.365, 164,020, 266,735, 610,502, G98,185, 814,570, 073,218, 034 383 439 658 538 491 229 Gil 303 496 702 CG9 916 767 653 842 481 584 012 S09 643 •494 423 914 795 406 972 282 Private banks. 1 Dollars. 85,025, 87,817, 84,215, 73,136, 75,873, 90,008, 111,670, 144,811, 165,378, 188,745, 1SS,417, 214,063, 240,190, 257,878, 299,612, 336,456, 355,330, 411,659, 486,244, 471,298, 54C, 652, 586,468, 566,922, 662,138, 835,499, 1,028,232, 2461,271,081, 287 jl, 525,887, 163jl, 589,388, 0491,600,322, 371 '321,100,000 2,: 992 322,100,000 2,: 849^243,840,0C0 2, ( 182,512,744 150,029,791 057,123,222 5781183, SS0,000 1,901,260,654 219139,920,000 1,834,175,887 008 182,667,235 2,134,234,861 32912-11,845,554 2,538,570,371 755,743,582 5961295,622,160 2, 515' 922 293 415 711 114 899 492 OSO 996 079 816 657 1EG 205 397 064 407 174 Not stated. Total. Dollars. 3, 12 3, 3, 4. 96,580,45 94,878,84 83,183,718 99,521,667 94,959,7271 4 93,091, 14 sJ 4, 68,552,696 4, 6G, 074,549! 4, 81,824,932; 4, 59,116,378| 4, 50,278,2431 5, 62,085,0ST 5, | ■ a 305, C91,171 419,343,819 776,410,402 061,002,364 196,811,530 664,934,251 627,223,910 651,115,302 921,267,817' 9-15,124,4241 094,735,370 688,164,456 Deposi¬ tors in savings banks. Number. 64,974,392 6, 96,206,049| 7, 118,621,903; 8, 493131,669,948: 9, 796133,247,990 9, 325 95,791,45110, RECEIPTS. Total net ordinary. 2 76S, 658,361 238,9S6,45o|j 458,886,045 1 104,722,986^; 553, GC3.594 ' 000,546,999 | 8,635 38,085; 78,7011 251,354^ 277,148j 308,863 365,5331 390,173 431,602: 487,986 490,423; 533,8401 622,556j 693, S7o! 694,487 787,943 SS7,0CG 976,025 930,044 1,067,061 1,1SS,202 3,310,144 1,433,684 1,630,346 1,902,047 1,992,925 2,185,832 2,293,401 2,359, SC i 2,863,630 2,895,314 2,400,785 2,268,707 1 2,335,532 2,528,749 2,710,354 2,876,438 3,015,151 3,071,495 3,158,950 3,418,013 3,838,291 4,021,52: 4,258,893 4,533,217 1,781,605 4,830,599 4,777, GS7 4,875,519 5,065,494 5,201,132 5,385,746; C, 687,8181 G, 107, CSC;: 6,358,723;; 6, C6G, 672;' 7,035,22s! 1 7,305,413 Dollars. 10, S4S, 749 9, SS4,214 17,810,670 24,844,117 19,480,115 43, 592, S89 52,555,039 49,846,816 61,5S7,032 73,800,3-41 65,350,575 74,058,699 68,905,313 46,655,366 52,777,108 56,054, COO 41,470,299 51,919,261 112,094,946 243,412,971 322,031,166 519^ 949,56 i 4G?,S40,CS0 370,431,454 857,1S3,25C 395,959,834 374,431,105 384,624,230 322,177,674 299,941,091 254,020,771 290,060,685 281,000,042 257,446,770 272,322,137 333,520,501 360,782,293 403,525,250 3S8,287,582 34S, 519,870 323,690,706 836,439,727 371,403,278 379,266,075 337,050,059 403, OSO, 983 392,012,447 35-4,937,784 385,819, G29j 297,722,019 313,390,075; 320,576,2001 347,721,705’ 405,321,335: 515,9C0,020; 507,2-10, S52 1 557,655,33s| 562,473,233 5C0,309, 674 540,C31,749 Customs. Internal revenue. Dollars. 9, OSO,935 8,583,309 15,005, CL 21,922, S91 13,499,502 39,668,6S( 49,017,565 47,339,327 58,931,865 64,224,190 63,025,794 64,022,864 63,875,905 41,789, C21 49,565,824 53,187,512 39,582,120 49,050,398 69,059,642 102,316,153 84,923,261 179,046,652 176,417,811 161,404,600 180,043,427 194,538,374 260,270,40S 216,370,237 188,089,523 103,103,834 157,167,722 1-18,074,985 130,9.-36,493 130,170,680 137,250,048 186,522,035 198,159,676 220,410,7S0 214,700,497 195,067,490 181,471,939 192, S05,023 217,280,893 219,091,174 223,832,742 229,66S, 585 219,522,205 177,452,90-1 203,355,017 131,818,531 152,15S.G17 160,021,752 176,554,1271 I 1 An nvn ! ’ ' t 206,128,<32 203,164,8"!' CCS, 535,4" o' 254,414,70S 231.479.:;2! 261,274,505! Dollars. 809,397 7,431 106,261 12,161 1,682 37,640,7SS 109,741,134 209,464,215 309,226,813 2C6,027,537 191,087,5S9 158,356,4SI 184,899,756 143, CSS, 154 130,642,178 113,729,314 102,409,785 110,007,494 116,700,732 IIS, 630,40S 110,581,625 113,561,611 124,009,374 135,264,3SG 146,497,595 144,720,369 121,536,073 112,49S, 726 116,805,936 118,823,391 121,296,872 130,881,514 142, CQ6,700 145,CSC,249 153,971,073 161,027,624 147,111,233 143,421,672 3 !G, 762,865 146,6S8,574 170,900,641 27?, 437,1C9 295,827,927 807, ISO, 664 271,680,122 230, S10,124 232, S04,119 1 Includes all private banks from 1875 to 1882; from 1RS7 to 1903 includes only those voluntarily reporting, estimated at one-fourth of total private banks. 2 "Net ordinary receipts” includes receipts from customs, internal revenue, direct tax, public lands, and “miscellaneous,” but does not include receipts from loans, premiums, or Treasury notes, or revenues of Post-Office Department. » "Net ordinary expenses” include expenditures for War, Navy, Indians, pensions, and "miscellaneous,” but does not include payments for interest, premiums, or principal of public debt, or expenditure for postal service. PROGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, 1800-1904 105 its Material Industries— Continued. EXPENDITURES. Total num¬ ber of pen¬ sioners. IMPORTS OF MERCHANDISE. EXPORTS OF MERCHANDISE. IMPORTS OF GOLD AND SILVER. EXPORTS OF GOLD AND SILVER. YEAR. Total net ordinary. 4 5 War. Navy. Interest on public debt. Pensions. Total. Per- cap- ita. 4 Total. Per cap¬ ita. 6 7 * * io Gold. 1 Silver.? Gold. 5 1 Silver.® 1 Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dolls. Dollars. Dolls. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. 7,411,370 2,560,879 3,448,716 3,402,601 64,131 91,252,76S 17.19 70,971,780 13.37 .... 1800 6,311,082 2,294,324 1,654,244 3,163,671 83,744 85,400,000 11.80 9.22 .... 1810 13,134,531 2,630,392 4,387,990 6,151,004 3,208,376! 74,450,000 7.71 69,691,669 7.22 8 8,06 i, 890 «10,47 8,059 .... 1820 13, 229,533 4,767,129 3,239,429 1,912,575 1,363,297 62,720,956 4.87 71,670,735 5.57 821,146 7,334,818 1,422,664 756,109 .... 1830 -.24,139,920 7,095,267 6,113,897 174,598 2,603,562 98,258,706 5.76 123,668,932 7.25 3,085,157 5,797,656 3,703,373 4,713,641 .... 1840 37,1G5,990 9,687,025 7,904,725 3, 782,393 1,866,886 173,509,526 7.48 144,375,726 6.23 1,776,706 2,852,086 4,560,627 2,962,367 .... 1S50 44,054,718 If, 161,965 8,880,581 3,696,761 2^293,3771 210,771,429 8.78 188,915,259 7.87 8,569,090 1,884,413 22,829,913 6,635,839 .... 1851 40,389,955 8,521,506 8,918,842 4,000,298 2,401,859 . 207,440,398 8.36 166,934,231 6.73 3,658,059 1,846,985 40,073,979 2,600,156 .... 1852 44,078,166 9,910,498 11,067,790 3,665,833 1,756,306 263,777,265 10. 30 203,489,282 7.94 2,427,356 1,774,026 25,442,858 2,044,017 .*. 1S53 51,967,528 11,722,283 10,790,096 3,070,927 1,232,665 297,803,794 11.27, 237,043,764 8.97 3,031,964 3,726,623 40,470,260 727,040 ....1854 56,316,198 14,648,074 13,327,095 2,314,465 1,477,612 257, SOS, 708 9.46 218,909,503 8.03 1,092,802 2,567,010 65,109,215 1,138,128 .... 1855 66,772,528 16,693,161 14,074,835 _ 1,953,822 1,296,230! 310,432,310 11.05 281,219,423 10.01 990,305 3,217,327 45,000,977 744,503 .... 1856 66,041,144 19,159,151 12,651,695 1,593,265 1,310,381' 348,428,342 12.05 293,823,7G0 10.16 6,654,636 5,807,163 65,232,653 3,904,269 ....1857 72,330,437 25,679,122 14,053,265 1,652,056 1,219,768; 263,338,164 8.85 272,011,274 9.14 11,566,068 7,708,428 50,002,804 2,G30,343 .... 1858 66,355,950 23,154,721 14,090,928 2,637,650 1,222,223! 331,333,341 10.83 1 292,902,051 9.67 2,125,397 5,309,392 61,108,053 2,779,358 .... 1859 60,056,755 16,472,203 11,514,650 3,144,121 1,100,802 353, G16,119 11.25 833,576,057 10.61 2,508,786 6,041,349 58,446,039 8,100,200 .... 18G0 62,616,056 23,001,531 12,387,157 4,034,157 1,034, G00 8,636 289,310,542 9.02 219,553,833 6.85 42,291,930 4,047,681 27,423,973 2,3G7,107 ....1861 456,379,897 389,173,562 42,640,353 13,190,345 ' ' 852,170 8,159 1S9,356,677 5.79 190,670,501 5.83 13,907,011 2,508,041 35,439,903 1,447,737 ....1862 69-1,004,576 603,314,412 63,261,235 24,729,701 1,078,513 14,791 243,335,815 7.29 203,964,447 6.11 5,530,538 4,053,567 62,162,838 1,993,773 .... 1863 811,283,679 690,391,049 85,704,964 63,685,422 4,985,474 51,135 316,447,283 9.30 158,837,988 4.67 11,176,769 1,938,843 100, G61,634 4,734, £07 ....1864 1,217,701,199 1,030,690,400 122,617,434 77,395,090 16,347,621 85,986 238,745,580 6.871 166,029,303 4.78 6,498,228 3,311,844 58,3S1,033 9,262,193 .... 1865 385,954,731 263,154,676 43,285,662 133,067,625 15,605,550 126, 722 434,812,066 12.26 348,859,522 9.84 8,196,261 2,503,831 71,197,309 14,846,762 .... 18C6 202,947,734 95,224,416 31,034,011 143,781,592 20,936,552 153,183 395,761,096 10.44 294,506,141 7.73 17,024,866 5,045,609 39,026,627 21,841,745 '.... 1867 229,915,088 123,246,649 25,775,503 140,424,046 . 23,782,387! 169,643 357,436,440 9.33 281,952, S99 7.29 8,737,443 5,450,925 72,396,344 21,387,758 .... 1S68 190,496,355 • 78,501,991 20,000,75S 130, 694,243 28,476, G22i 187,963 417,506,379 10.45 286,117,697 7.29 14,132,56S 5,675,308 36,003,498 21,134,882 '.... 1869 164,421,507 •57,655,675 21,780,230 129,235,498 28,340,202; 198,686 435,958,4C8 11.06 392,771,768 9.77 12,056,950 14,362,229 33,635,962 24,519,704 j.... 1870 157,583,828 35,799,992 19,431,027 125,576,566 34,443,895 207,495 520,223,684 12.65 442,820,178 10.83 6,883,561 14,386,463 66,686,208 31,755,780 1.... 1871 153,201,856 35,372,157 21,249,810 117,357,840 28,533,403 232,299 626,595,077 13.80 444,177,586 10.55 8,717,458 5,026,231 49,5-48,760 30,328,774 .... 1872 180,488,637 46,323,138 23,526,257 104,750, 6S8 29,359,427 238,411 642,136,210 15.91 522,479,922 12.12 8,682,447 12,798,490 44,856,715 39,751,869 .... 1873 194,118,985 42,313,927 30,932,587 107,119,815 29,038,415 236,241 567,406,342 13.26 5S6,283,040 13.31 19,503,137 8,951,769 34,042,420 32,587,985 L... 1874 171,529,848 41,120,646 21,497,628 103,093,545 29,456,216 234,821! 633,005,436 11.97 513,442,711 11.36 13,696,793 7,203,924 66,980,977 25,151,165 j.... 1875 161,857,813 38,070,889 18,963,310 100,243,271 28,257,396 232,137 460,741,190 10.29 540,384,671 11.64 7,992,709 7,943,972 31,177,050 25,329,252 .... 1876 144,209,963 37,082,736 14,959,935 97,124,612 27,963,752| 232,104 451,323,126 9.49: 602,475,220 12.72 26,246,234 14,528,180 26,590,374 29,571,863 L... 1S77 134,463,452 32,154,14S 17,365,301 102,500,875 27,137,019 223,998 437,051,532 9.21 694,865,766 14.30 13,330,215 16,491,099 9,204,445 24,535,670 1.... 1878 161,619,935 40,425,661 15,125,127 105,327,949 35,121,482, 242,755 445,777,775 8.99 710,439,441 14.29 5,624,948 14,671,052 4,587,614 20,409, S27 .... 1879 169,090,062 88,116,916 13,536,985 95,757,575 56,777,174 250,802] 667,954,746 12.51 835,633,658 16.43 80,758,896 12,275,914 3,639,025 13,503,894 '.... 1880 177,142,898 40,466,461 15,686,672 85,508,741 50,059,280! 268,830 642,664,628 12.63 902,377,316 17.23 100,031,259 10,544,23S 2,565,132 16,841,715 L... 1881 186,904,233 43,570,494 15,032,046 71,077,207 61,345,194 2S5,697 724, 639,574 13.46 750,542,257 13.97 34,377,054 8,095,336 32,587,880 16,829,599 L... 18S2 206,248,006 48,911,383 15,283,437 69,160,131 66,012,574 303,668 723,180,914 13.05 823,839,402 14.98 17,734,149 10,755,242 11,600,888 20,219,445 ! .... 1S83 189,547,866 39,429,603 17,292,601 64,578,378 55,429,228 323,756 667,697,693 12.16 740,513,609 13.20 22,831,317 14,594,945 41,081,957 26,051,426 '.... 18S4 208,840,679 42,670,578 16,021,080 51,886,256 66,102,267: 345,125 577,527,329 10.32 742,189,755 12.94 26,691,696 16,550,627 8,477,892 33,753, G3c !.... 1SS5 191,902,993 34,324,153 13,907,888 50,580,146 63,40-1,861 365,783; 635,436,136 10.89; 679,524,830 11.60 20,743,349 17,850,307 42,952,191 29,511,219 '.... 1886 220,190,603 38,561,026 15,141,127 47,741,577 75,029,102 406,007 692,319,768 11.65 716,183,211 11.98 42,910,601 17,200,191 9,701,187 26,296,504 .... 1SS7 214,938,951 38,522,436 16,926,43S 44,715,007 80,288,509 452,557 723,957,114 11.88 695,954,507 11.40 43,934,317 15,403,669 IS,376,234 28,037,949' ... 1888 240,995,131 44,435,271 21,378,809 41,001,484 87,624,779 489,72o' 745,131,652 12.10 742,401, S75 11.92 10,284,858 18,678,215 59,952,285 36, GS9,248 '....1889 261,637,203 44,582,838 22,006,206 86,099,284 106,936,855 537,944j 789,310,409 12.35 857,828,684 13.50 12,943,342 21,032,984 17,274,491 34,873,929 .... 1890 317,825,549 48,720,065 26,113,896 37,547,135 124,415,951 676,160 844,916,196 13.38 884,4S0,810 13.66 18,232,567 18,026,8S0 86,362,654 22,590, OSS .... 1891 321,645,214 46.895,450 29,174,139 23,378,116 134,583,053! 876,068 ! 827,402,462 12.50 1,030,273,148 15.61 49,699,454 19,955,0S6 50,195,327 32,810,659 .... 1892 356,213,562 49,641,773 30,136,084 27,264,392 159,357,558 966,012 866,400,922 12.73 817,665,194 12.9S 21,174,381 23,193,252 108,680,844 40,737,319 .... 1893 339,633,874 54,567,930 31,701,294 27,841,406 141,177,235! 969,544 654,994,622 9.41 S92,140,572 12.85 72,449,119 13,286,552 76,978, C61 50,451,265 .... 1894 325,217,263 51,804,579 2S, 797,796 30,978,030 111,395,229 970,524 731,969,965 10.61 807,538,165 11.51 36,384,760 20,211,179 66,468,4SI 47,295,286 .... 1895 316,794,417 50,830,921 27,147,732 35,385,029 139,434,001; 970,678 779,724,674 10.81 882,606,938 12.29 33,525,065 28,777,186 112,409,947 60,541,670 .... 1896 327,9S3,049 48,950,2GS 34,561,546 37,791,110 141,053,165 976,014 764,730,412 11.02 1,050,993,556 14.42 85,014,780 30,533,227 40,361,580 61,946,638 ....1897 405,7S3,527 91,992,000 58,823,104 37,585,056 147,452,369 993,714 616,049,654 8.05 1,231,482,330 16.69 120,391,674 30,927,781 15,406,391 55,105,239 .... 1893 505,175,253 229,841,251 63,942,985 39,896,9251 139,394,929 991,519 697,148,489 9.22 1,227,023,302 16.20 88,954,603 30,675,056 37,522,086 56,319,055 .... 1S99 447.553,458 134,774,76S 55,953,078 40,160,333 140,877,316 993,529 849,941,184 10.88 1,394,483,082 17.96 44,573,184 35,256,302 1 48,266,759 56,712,275 .... 1900 477,624,374 144,615,697 60,506,978 32,342,979 139,323,622 997,735 823,172,165 10.58 1,487,764,991 18.81 66,051,187 36,386,521 53,185,177 G4,285,ISO .... 1901 442,082,813! 112,272,216 67,803,128 29,108,045 138,483,560 999,446 903,320,948 11.39 1,381,719,401 17.16 62,021,254 28,232,254 48,568,950 49,732,390 .... 1902 477,542,658' 118,619,520 82,618,034 28,556,349 138,425,646 996,645 1,025,719,237 12.54 1,420,141,679 17.32 44,982,027 24,163,491' 47,090,595 44,250,259 .... 1903 10557,765,832 115,035,411 102,956,102 24,646,490 142,559,266 994,762 j 991,087,371 12.12 1,460,827,271 17. S7 99,055,36S 27,768,814 81,459,986 49,472,702 .... 1904 4 Based on total imports prior to 1866, after that on imports for consumption only. 6 Based on total exports prior to 1866, after that on domestic exports only. « Domestic exports of gold and silver can not be separately stated prior to 1864, hut it is probable that the greater portion of the exports tvas gold. 7 Gold and silver contained in ore are included under gold and silver since 1894. «1821. A * Individual and other. io Includes 850,164,500 paid on account of Panama Canal. 106 PROGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, 1800-1904 Progress of the United States in YEARS. IMPORTED MERCHANDISE ENTERED FOR CONSUMPTION, GROUPED ACCORDING TO DEGREE OF MANUFACTURE AND USES. Food and live animals. Crude articles for domestic industries. Articles manufactured wholly or partially for use as materials in the mechanic arts. Articles manufactured ready for consumptiou. Articles of voluntary use, luxuries, etc. Total. 1S00. Dollars. Per cent of total. Dollars. Per cent of total. Dollars. Per cent, of total. Dollars. Per cent of total. Dollars. Per cen t of total. Dollars. isio.!. 1820. i 12,4S2,524 i 22.89 i 3,107,564 i 5.70 i 5,943,913 i 10.90 1 24,527,238 i 44.99 1 8,459,595 i 15.52 i 54,520,834 1S30. 14,166,201 22.59 5,319,143 8.48 4,122,385 6.57 29,615,700 47.22 9,497,527 15.14 62,720,956 1S40. 26,263,663 26.73 10,940,065 11.13 9,944,728 10.12 34,631,990 35.25 16,478,260 16.77 98,258,706 1851. 32,718,076 18.86 18,105,147 10.44 30,857,522 17.78 65,887,552 37.97 25,941,229 14.95 173,509,526 1851. 42,098,418 19.97 23,976,953 11.37 24,442,845 11.60 78,862,769 37.42 41,390,444 19.04 210,771,429 1852. 46,997,563 22 . 66 22,402,473 10.80 25,230,670 12.16 75,186,703 36.25 37,622,989 18.13 207,440,398 1853 .!. 60,140,103 19.01 27,007,958 10.24 38,346,844 14.54 98,078,864 37.18 50,203,496 19.03 263,777,265 1854 . 49,088,455 16.48 36,323,681 12.20 36,969,093 12.41 119,098,763 40.00 56,823,802 18.91 297,803,794 1855. 54,040,827 20.96 42,785,531 16.60 26,516,837 10.28 89,068,456 34.55 45,397,057 17.61 257,808,708 1856 . 63,289,074 20.39 49,212,486 15.85 30,983,057 9.99 109,617,290 35.31 57,330,403 18.46 310,432,310 1857 . 87,151,811 25.01 65,902,846 16.04 30,759,201 8.83 117,285,862 33.66 57,328,622 10.46 348,428,342 1853 . 62,127,732 23.58 51,150,364 19.46 23*007,186 8 .73 82,357,033 31.27 44,696,239 16.96 263,338,554 1851. 78,193,037 23.60 67,702,453 17.42 36,728,908 11.08 102,169,213 30.84 66,539,730 17.06 331,333,341 1S60. 78,338,514 22.15 61,570,477 17.41 31,939,551 9.03 123,741,654 85.00 68,025,923 16.41 853,616,119 1S61. 71,432,680 24.69 51,938,727 17.95 26,994,548 9.33 93,460,429 32.31 45,484,158 15.72 289,310,542 1862 . 51,739,708 27.32 44,931,572 23.73 19,207,269 10.14 54,767,547 28.93 18,710,585 9.88 1S9,356,681 1863. 50,763,147 20.86 62,937,017 25.86 23,211,480 9.54 80,735,071 33.18 25,689,100 10.66 243,335,815 1864 . 73,429,564 23.20 78,610,960 24.84 30,747,660 9.72 93,509,614 29.55 40,149,796 12. 69 816,447,283 1865 . 68,275,011 24.41 68,630,164 28.75 23,030,711 9.65 65,921,056 27.61 22,888,038 9.68 238,745,580 1856. 96,328,589 22.16 84,881,434 19.52 43,629,293 10.03 149,688,450 34.43 60,2S4,300 13.86 434,812,066 1867 . 104,208,776 26.33 55,426,088 14.01 58,251,061 14.72 136,890,850 34.46 41,484,321 10.48 895,761,096 1868 . 122,564,820 34.29 53,523,065 14.97 45,430,796 12.71 98,824,904 27.65 37,092,855 10.38 357,436,440 I860 . 140,883,213 33.74 66,872,595 16.02 42,997,704 10.30 124,154,784 29.74 42,598,083 10.20 417,606,379 1S70. 139,213,092 32.65 66,909,565 15.69 53,058,296 12.59 119,298,235 27.98 47,266,822 11.09 ' 426,346,010 1871. 157,755,621 30.36 88,082,906 16.95 56,452,143 10.86 158,145,707 80.43 69,173,505 11.40 519,609,882 1872 . 189,830,526 30.36 113,814,918 18.20 64,178,308 10.27 190,770,694 30.51 66,639,909 10.66 625,234,355 1873 . 197,185,079 30.74 117,364,895 18.30 72,444,420 11.29 190,838,340 29.75 63,625,122 9.92 641,457,850 1874 . 209,815,369 37.03 85,095,889 15.01 59,488,107 10.49 158,734,698 27.99 53,941,9S6 9.51 667,076,049 1875... 196,311,459 36.84 86,710,272 16.27 51,523,279 10.23 141,102,412 26.48 54,206,601 10.18 532,854,023 1876 . 181,036,364 39.33 73,347,070 15.94 43,835,478 9.52 113,105,646 24.57 48,980,815 10.64 400,306,373 1S77. 194,397,068 43.09 73,236,833 16.24 43,981,728 9.75 95,845,420 21.25 43,599,041 9.67 451,063,090 1873 . 180,679,218 41.34 75,989,639 17.39 40,932,686 9.37 97,288,583 22.26 42,148,692 9.64 437,038,818 1879 . 178,600,673 40.11 77,994,431 17.51 42,770,173 9. 60 98,411,793 22.10 47,551,079 10.68 445,328,149 1880 .. 199,165,963 31.72 160,055,876 25.52 73,186,963 11.66 130,004,643 20.72 65,141,826 10.38 627,555,271 18S1. 216,356,337 33.25 149,499,017 22.98 68,072,504 10.46 144,229,903 22.17 72,461,208 11.14 650,618,999 1882 . 230,121,507 32.13 164,055,776 22.91 79,225,856 11.06 158,166,703' 22.08 84,644,099 11.82 716,213,946 1S83. 214,399,370 30.59 149,165,775 21.29 88,613,135 12.64 162,408,888 23.17 86,242,505 12.31 700,829,673 18S4. 224,726,255 33.66 138,490,741 20.75 82,150,366 12.31 134,050,878 20.08 88,151,149 13.20 667,575,389 18S5. 194,266,360 33.52 119,609,342 20.64 72,456,952 12.50 119,027,569 20.54 74,219,831 12.80 579,580,054 1SS6. 196,206,228 31.3S 144,052,022 23.04 78,544,473 12.56 126,270,855 20.19 80,235,230 12.83 625,308,814 1S87. 211,456,849 30.94 165,931,692 24.28 79,655,324 11.66 136,038,771 19.90 90,836,345 13.22 683,418,9S1 1888 . 219,395,376 30.80 168,029,049 23.59 84,7f)6,262 11.90 144,790, S85 20.33 95,326,454 13.38 712,248,626 1889 . 210,666,693 32.45 172,134,716 23.22 84,354,509 11.38 147,596,641 19.91 96,678,839 13.04 741,431,398 1890. 248,600,646 32.13 178,435,512 23.06 84,700,568 10.94 154,469,354 19.96 107,468,732 13.91 773,674, 812 1891. 290,376,776 33.98 195,917,620 22.93 109,262,436 12.79 147,428,403 17.25 111, 534,342 13.05 854,519,577 1892 . 299,668,507 36.83 197,840,369 24.32 80,479,597 9.89 142,074,936 17.46 93,537,936 11.60 813,601,345 1893.-. 269,277,229 31.89 218,310,959 25.85 94,604,856 11.20 153,813,885 18.22 108,447,655 12.84 814,454,584 1891. 275,831,974 43.33 126,643,273 19.89 65,720,999 10.32 99,820,455 15.60 69,097,719 10.86 636,614,420 1895. 226,422,171 30.97 187,4S2,743 25.64 83,768,478 11.46 140,773,811 19.25 92,714,887 12.63 731,162,090 1896 . 228,906,058 30.13 201,850,498 26.57 79,451,708 10.46 160,203,601 21.09 89,2S2,219 11.75 759,694,084 1897 . 251,657,954 32.27 207,268,155 26.26 69,822,999 8.85 165,021,884 20.91 92,480,037 11.72 789,251,030 i 1S98. 170,745,733 29.08 188,940,718 32.16 58,170,755 9.91 94,709,211 16.15 74,587,283 12.70 687,153,700 1899. 207,468,197 30.27 218,110,941 31.82 60,002, 540 8.76 110,735,447 16.15 89,064,764 13.00 685,441,892 1900. 216,107,303 26.02 299,351,033 36.04 80,575,042 9.70 130,577,155 15.72 103,908,719 12.61 830,519,252 1901. 213,933,490 26.48 270,701,511 83.51 74,866,686 9.27 135,754,499 16.81 112,507,715 13.93 807,763,301 1902. 205,047,442 22.79 328,506,597 36.51 86,645,277 9.63 151,410,397 16.13 128,184,041 14.24 899,793,764 1903 . 212,057,293 21.04 383,634,293 38.06 97,194,094 9.64 169,259,497 16.79 145,814,933 14.47 1,007,960,110 1904. 237,033,343 24.14 800,524,755 31.23 137,378,127 13.99 168,5S7,245 17.17 132,299,080 13.47 981,822,559 i Figures are for the year 1S21; no complete data for the year 1S20 or earlier years. PEOGEESS OF THE UNITED STATES, 1800-1904 107 its Material Industries— Continued. DOMESTIC MERCHANDISE EXPORTED, GROUPED ACCORDING TO SOURCES OF PRODUCTION. Agriculture. Exports of domestic manufactures. Mining. Forest. Fisheries. Miscellaneous. Total exports of domestic merchandise. YEARS. Per ct. Per ct. Per ct. Per ct. Per ct. Per ct. Dollars. of total. Dollars. of total. Dollars. oftotal. Dollars. oftotal. Dollars. oftotal. Dollars. oftotal. Dollars. 25,590,534 80.37 2,493,755 7.83 2,228,863 7.00 1,098,511 3.45 429 240 l 86 31 840,903 33,448,416 78.95 3,951,154 9.32 2,969,403 7.01 1,481 000 3.50 516,702 1.22 42,366,075 .1810 41,603,749 80.60 3,945,793 7.63 3,822,785 7.40 2,251,000 4 S5 60,313 .12 51 683,640 .1820 46,977,332 80.27 6,641,016 11.35 2,661,358 4.54 1,725,270 2.95 519,938 .89 58,524,914 .1830 92,548,067 82.88 11,149,621 9.98 3,868,694 3.47 3,198,370 2 . 87 895,809 .80 111,660,561 .1840 108,605,713 80.51 *<17,580,456 13.03 167,090 0.12 4,590,747 3.40 2,824,818 2.10 1,131,409 .84 134,900,233 .1850 145,903,778 81.68 22,700,096 12.71 864,115 .49 4,188,635 2.34 3,098,775 1.73 1,864,739 1.05 178,620,138 .1851 124,375,887 80.28 21,327,247 13.77 906,371 .58 4,400,741 2.84 2,139,244 1.38 1,781,657 1.15 154,931,147 .1852 151,239,296 81.23 24,721,560 13.02 1,130,626 .60 4,704,394 2.48 3,166,813 1.67 1,906,473 1.00 189,869,162 .1853 170,716,858 79.28 27,834,864 12.93 1,711,847 .79 8,636,423 4.01 2,966,310 1.38 3,461,998 1.61 215,328,300 .1854 145,423,788 75.45 29,854,3S4 15.49 2,3 / 0, 43d 1.23 8,879,743 4.61 3,380,431 1.75 2,842,344 1.47 192,751,135 .1855 218,290,649 81.93 31,492,616 11.82 2,180,721 .81 7,474,064 2.80 3,308,348 1.25 3,691,653 1.89 266,438,051 .1856 227,558,727 81.59 31,605,280 11.30 2,042,437 .73 10,411,894 3.73 3,704,523 1.S3 3,683,852 1.32 278,906,713 .1857 201,632,408 80.22 SO, 051,516 11.96 1,624,362 .64 10,579,417 4.21 3,484,283 1.39 3,980,047 1.58 251,351,033 .1858 222,909,718 80.07 33,884,223 12.16 1,768,459 .63 11,396,163 4.09 4,416,696 1.60 4,016,821 1.45 278,392,080 .1859 256,560,972 *•'81.13 -40,345,892 T2.76 999,465 . .31 10,299,959 -3.26 4,156,480 1.31 3,879,655 1.23 316,242,423 .1860 149,492,026 72.96 35,953,174 17.55 2,885,264 1.41 7,286,605 3.55 4,307,603 2.10 4,974,939 2.43 204,899,616 135,143,076 74.24 25,948,374 14.26 4,254,469 2.34 6,565,599 8.61 3,922,817 2.15 6,190,533 3.40 182,024,868 .1862 174,580,806 69.86 41,193,721 16.48 6,154,815 2.46 8,901,671 3.56 4,979,060 2.00 14,081,363 6.64 249,891,436 .1863 147,765,862 67.30 40,594,537 18.49 6,480,576 2.96 10,106,386 4.60 4,290,819 1.95 10,323,411 4.70 219,561,637 .1864 156,662,846 60.46 59,036,644 22.78 10,791,675 4.17 14,858,193 5.73 4,794,9S9 1.85 12,9S0,716 5.01 259,125,063 382,770,457 81.78 49,511,306 10.58 9,940,927 2.12 13,454,440 2.88 3,360,865 .76 8,802,908 1.88 468,040,903 .1866 289,981,616 75.17 60,895,391 15.79 5,109,946 1.32 15,636,599 4.06 3,655,565 .95 10,466,915 2.71 385,746,032 276,254,779 74.65 59,541,972 16.07 5,175,608 1.39 16,579,791 4.48 3,710,000 1.00 9,293,588 2.51 370,555,738 .1868 267,236,930 72.02 66,052,506 17.80 5,881,965 1.59 16,115,298 4.34 2,990,302 .81 12,768,148 3.44 371,045,149 .1869 361,188,4S3 79.35 68,279,764 15.00 6,026,111 1.10 14,897,963 3.27 2,835,508 .62 2,980,612 .66 455,208,341 368,466,011 77.07 83,886,461 17.55 6,363,418 1.12 13,338,992 2.79 2,976,701 .62 4,083,709 .85 478,115,292 .1871 368,796,625 77.41 72,727,110 15.27 5,323,607 1.12 18,384,0S1 3.86 3,439,561 .72 7,750,494 1.62 476,421,478 446,900,004 77.69 88,789,758 15.44 6,920,159 1.20 22,358,112 3.88 3,454,426 .60 6,804,558 1.19 675,227,017 501,371,501 79.16 92,353,848 14.58 6,905,326 1.09 23,627,164 3.73 3,566,743 .57 5,515,786 .87 633,339,368 430,306,560 76.95 92,678,814 16.67 6,469,181 1.15 19,165,907 3.43 4,874,660 .87 5,742,506 1.03 659,237,038 456,113,515 76.67 101,637,648 17.08 7,122,989 1.20 18,076,668 3.04 5,806,445 .98 6,160,550 1.03 594,917,715 459,734,148 72.63 133,933,549 21.16 8,770,769 1.39 19,943,290 3.14 5,737,879 .91 4,861,219 .77 632,980,854 536,192,873 77.07 123,807,196 17.79 6,732,119 .97 17,750,396 2.55 6,434,182 .92 4,833,104 .70 695,749,930 546,476,703 78.12 117,015,729 16.72 6,405,813 .92 16,336,943 2.34 6,282,368 .90 7,021,186 1.00 699,538,742 .1879 685,961,091 83.25 102,856,015 12.48 5,863,232 .71 17,321,268 2.11 5,255,402 .64 6 ,6S9,345 .81 823,946,353 .1SS0 730,394,943 82.63 114,233,219 12.92 7,401,282 .84 19,486,051 2.20 5,656,439 .63 6,854,013 .78 883,925,947 .1SS1 652,219,819 75.31 134,794,346 18.38 8,175,692 1.11 25,580,264 3.50 6,197,752 .85 6,271,859 .85 733,239,732 619,269,449 77.00 134,228,083 16.69 10,446,719 1.30 28,636,199 3.56 6,276,375 .78 5,366,807 .67 804,223,632 536,315,318 73.98 136,372,887 18.81 15,022,255 2.07 26,222,959 3.62 6,614,111 .77 5,417,322 .75 724,934,852 530,172,966 72.96 147,187,527 20.25 15,797,885 2.18 22,014,839 3.03 5,955,122 .82 6,554,607 .76 726,682,946 484,954,595 72.82 136,541,978 20.50 13,654,286 2.05 20,961,708 3.15 5,13S, 806 .77 4,713,156 .71 665,964,529 623,073,798 74.41 136,735,105 19.45 11,758,062 1.67 21,126,273 8.01 5,155,775 .73 5,173,310 .73 703,022,923 500, S40,086 73.23 130,300,087 19.05 17,993,895 2.63 23,991,092 3.51 5,518,552 .82 5,218,392 .76 683,862,104 .1888 532,141,490 72.87 138,675,507 18.99 19,947,518 2.73 26,997,127 3.70 7,106,388 .97 5,414,679 .74 730,2S2,609 629,820,808 74.51 151,102,376 17.87 22,297,755 2.64 29,473,084 3.49 7,458,385 .88 5,141,420 .61 845,293,828 642,751,344 73.69 158,927,315 19.37 22,054,970 2.53 28,715,713 3.29 6,208,577 .71 3,612,364 .41 872,270,283 .1S91 798,328,232 78.69 159,510,937 15.61 20,692,885 2.04 27,957,423 2.75 5,403,587 .53 3, S38,947 .38 1,015,732,011 615,382,986 74.05 158,023,118 19.02 20 ,020,020 2.41 28,127,113 3.38 6,541,378 .67 3,936,164 .47 831,030,785 628,363,038 72.28 183,728,808 21.14 20,449,598 2.35 28,000,629 3.22 4,261,920 .49 4,400,944 .52 869,204,937 553,210,026 69.73 183,595,743 23.14 18,609,814 2.33 28,576,235 3.61 5,328,807 .67 4,171,974 .52 793,392,599 569,879,297 66.02 228,571,178 26.48 20,045,65-1 2.32 33,718,204 3.91 6,850,392 .79 4,135,762 .48 863,200,487 683,471,139 66.23 277,285,391 26.87 20,804,473 2.01 40,489,321 3.92 6,477,951 .63 3,479,228 .34 1,032,007,603 853,6S3,570 70.54 290,697,354 24.02 19,410,707 1.60 37,900,171 3.13 5,435,483 .45 3,164,628 .26 1,210,291,913 78-4,776,142 65.19 339,692,146 28.21 28,156,174 2.34 42,126,889 3.49 5,992,999 .50 3,286,872 .27 1,203,931,222 835,858,123 60.98 433,851,756 31.65 37,843,742 2.76 52,218,112 3.81 6,326,620 .46 4,665,218 .34 1,370,703,571 943,811,020 64.62 410,932,524 28.14 39,207,875 2.68 54,317,294 3.72 7,683,353 .53 4,510,740 .81 1,460,462,806 851,465,622 62.83 403,641,401 29.77 39,216,112 2.90 48,188,661 3.65 7,705,065 .57 6,265,000 .38 1,355,481,861 873,322,882 62.73 407,526,159 29.28 39,311,239 2.81 57,835,896 4.16 7,805,538 .66 6,429,588 .46 1,392,231,302 853,613,073 59.48 452,415,921 31.52 45,981,213 3.20 68,906,956 j 4.80 j 8,543,676 .60 5,688,178 .40 1,435,179,017 108 PROGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, 1800-1904 Progress of the United States in YEARS. COMMERCE BY GRAND DIVISIONS OF THE WORLD. - Imports into the United States from— Europe. North America. South America. Asia. Oceania. 1 Africa. Per cent Per cent Per cent Per cent Per cent Per cent Dollars. of total. Dollars. of total. Dollars. of total. Dollars. of total. Dollars. of total. Dollars. of total. 1800. 46,857,960 61.35 82,116,092 35.19 11,5o0,810 12.67 142,969 0.16 551,496 0.60 1810 __ 1820... 1830. 40,341,420 67.63 17,548,892 24.76 6,239,176 8.80 6,531,737 7.80 3S4,887 .54 30S,797 .44 1840. 64,146,814 59.87 22,627,639 21.12 9,420,586 8.79 9,693, C39 9.05 602,447 .56 646,869 .60 1S50. 124,954,302 70.14 24,136,879 13.55 16,647,637 9.35 10,315,486 5.79 1,401,340 .79 682,151 .38 1851. 149,699,558 69.23 32,129,407 14.86 20,994,535 9.71 10,811,627 5.00 1,273,838 .69 1,315,967 .61 1S52. 136,1S2,615 63.95 32,949,467 15.47 20,347,310 9.56 20,615,155 9.68 1,533,096 .72 1,318,199 .62 1S53. 190,537,930 71.10 35,647,415 13.30 23,107,504 8.62 14,572,740 5.44 2,482,695 .93 1, 630,363 .61 1854. 213,735,309 70.89 39,503,184 13.10 26,075,849 8.65 16,986,989 6.63 3,SOS,717 1.10 1, 884,046 .63 1855. 165,079,384 63.13 44,781,394 17.13 27,894,198 10.67 18,2S8,328 6.99 3) 5/0| 5/4 1.37 1,849,642 .71 1853. 199,140,423 63.29 69,119,001 18.79 SI,675,461 10.07 19,572,054 6.22 3,374,955 1.07 1,758,048 .66 1S57. 211,2S0,601 68.54 85,885,791 23.80 36,155,286 10.02 21,140,650 5.86 4,031,/4o 1.12 2,396,068 .66 1853. 161,485,623 57.14 53,834,979 20.82 31,301,432 11.08 24,614,963 8.72 3,589,389 1.27 2,756,764 .97 1859. 201,650,311 69.52 70,531,025 20. £2 37,796,212 11.16 22,038,186 6.50 3,917,451 1.16 2,834,912 .84 1SG0. 216,831,353 59. S7 75,082,583 20.73 35,992,719 9.94 26,201,603 7.21 3,495,226 .96 3,798,518 1.05 18G1. 203,682,854 60.68 68,934,936 20.54 33,264,256 9. SI 22,076,600 6.58 4,434,897 1.32 3,256,540 .97 15G2. 116,9S2,504 56. S5 50,927,847 24.75 21,013,013 10.65 11,635,801 5.66 2,209,881 1.10 2,042,593 .99 1SS3. 148,292,951 58.63 68,256,053 23.04 22,358,438 8.84 17,810,728 7.04 2,905,002 1.15 3,296,748 1.80 1864. 179,731,649 64.54 90,699,407 27.52 33,0S2,797 10.04 17,403,933 6.28 4,146,003 1.26 4,499,101 1.36 1865. 109,603,619 45.75 83,912,382 S5. 80 22,930, S09 9.79 11,248,583 4.79 3,572,343 1.52 3,166,431 1.35 18C6. 206,266,170 60.84 109,9S9,347 25.13 32,136,785 7.34 19,219,340 4.39 7,410,768 1.70 2,617,944 .60 1S67. 253,070,735 60.71 88,863,182 21.27 35,795,302 8.56 26,672,233 6.88 9,996,737 2.40 2,833,382 .68 1868. 198,907,488 53.54 100,002,918 26.91 41,377,712 11.13 23,806,412 6.41 5,273,531 1.42 2,191,747 .59 1S09. 214,939,755 53.01 114,772,964 26.24 41,844,782 9.57 27,405,349 6.27 6,837,062 1.56 1,514,343 .35 1S70 2 . 249,540,2S3 63.98 126,544,611 27.42 43,596,045 9.41 31,413,378 6.78 1,423,212 .31 2 9,^60,058 2.10 1S71. 297,359,849 54.85 135,979,954 25.10 65,032,487 10.16 41,200,224 7.78 1,438,565 .26 3 10,482,629 1.85 1872. 365,300,332 57.05 115,321,478 22.68 53,163,695 8.84 61,497,477 8.50 5,263,2SS .82 3 13,792,495 2.10 1373. 361,521,976 54.48 156,604,503 23.5S 67,246,902 10.12 61,764,489 9.33 4,458,688 .65 3 12,020,589 1.81 1S74. 315,819,123 63.99 155,527,068 26.25 67,520,034 11.31 43,G08,490 7.32 2,7G7,349 .46 3 9,619,1S4 1.66 1875. 287,201,034 51.85 132,035,333 23.84 74,247,631 13.40 45,220,249 8.16 4,982,7S1 .90 3 10,219,035 1.85 1876. 234,331,710 49.16 118,188,297 24.79 65,730,123 13.79 47,637,905 9.99 2, £38,241 .60 3 7,951,595 1.67 1877. 239,093,260 4S.58 130,120,687 26.45 67,825,859 13.7S 41,521,087 8.44 4,108,001 .84 » 9,351,512 1.91 1878 2 . 217,334,822 46.60 122,980,267 26.40 69,203,408 14.80 42,831,123 9.19 3,874,335 .81 8 10,645,891 2.20 1879. 216,027,113 4S.4G 112,565,940 25.25 59,174,974 13.27 46,347,481 10.38 4,043,711 .90 3 7,718,556 1.74 1830. 370,821,782 65.52 130,077,225 19.47 82,126,922 12.30 67,008,793 10.02 1 14,130,604 2.13 4 3,789,420 .56 1881. 340,727,631 63.02 134,198,166 20.8S 80,627, SOS 12.55 65,289,448 10.15 7,621,302 1.19 3 14,200,773 2.21 13S2. 397,581,413 54.87 156,622,388 21.61 81,291,935 11.22 61,419,192 8.47 11,335,718 1.57 3 16,388,927 2.26 1S C 3. 409,713,125 56.65 146,897,620 20.31 76,735,983 10.61 60,909,505 8.42 12,259,856 1.70 8 16,663,7G5 2.31 1884. 370,956,601 55.57 136,321,361 20.41 75,753,960 11.34 54,012,233 8.09 1 24,628,961 3.69 4 5,994,577 .90 IRS5-.. 318,733,328 65.19 117,450,701 20.34 65,289,956 11.31 52,200,475 9.04 4 19,470,646 3.37 4 4, 3S2, 223 75 1SSS. 357,538,465 66 .27 125,431,616 19.74 65,875,425 10.37 68,088,821 10.71 4 13,665,067 2.15 4 4,835,842 • 7G 1887. 390,728,002 56.43 130,790, S43 18.90 79,764,191 11.52 6 63,212,870 9.14 22,948,024 3.81 « 4,875,838 .70 1SSS. 407,051,875 66.22 139,818,918 19.30 81,356,398 11.65 61,691,675 8.52 26,472,885 3.63 8 4,565,363 .65 1S89. 403,421,058 54.14 150,8G5,817 20.25 92,135,052 12.36 63,600,391 8.55 29, GO 1,059 3.96 3 5,505,275 .74 1890. 449, SS7,266 57.14 148,368,706 18.84 90,006,144 11.43 67,506,833 8.57 28,356,568 3.60 3,321,477 .42 1891. 459,305,372 64.46 163,226,079 19.35 118,736,66S 14.08 72,272,222 8.57 25,021,134 3.04 4,207,146 .60 1892. 391,628,409 47.47 174,054,181 21.04 150,727,759 18.27 80,133,251 9.77 23,133,062 2.80 5,31S, 052 ,C5 1893. 458, .450,093 52.91 183,732,712 21.21 102,207,815 11.80 87,624,446 10.11 25,997,378 S. 00 9,857,032 .97 1894. 295,077,865 45.05 166,962,559 25.49 100,147,107 15.29 66,186,397 10.10 21,457,923 3.28 3,479,338 .79 1895. 383,645,813 62.41 133,915,6S2 18.29 112,167,120 15.32 77, 626,364 10.61 17,450,926 2.39 5,709,169 .98 1896. 418,639,121 53.69 126,877,126 16.27 108,828,462 13.96 89,592,318 11.49 21,614,068 3.16 11,172,979 1.43 1897. 430,192,205 66.26 105,924,053 13.85 107,389,405 14.01 87,294,597 11.41 24,400,439 3.19 9,529, 713 1.25 1898. 1 305,933,691 49.66 91,376,807 14.83 92,091,694 14.95 92,594,593 15.03 26,859,230 4.35 7,193,639 1.17 1899. 353,884,534 60.76 112,150,911 16.09 86,587,893 12.42 107,091,214 15.36 26,997,877 3.87 10,436,060 1.50 1900. 440,507,314 51.84 130,035,221 15.30 93,666,774 11.02 139,842,330 16.45 34,611,108 4.07 11,218,437 1.32 1901. 429,620,452 62.19 145,158,104 17.63 110,3S7,342 13.41 117,677,611 14.80 11,395,195 1.38 8,953,4G1 1.09 1902. 475,161,941 62.60 151,076,524 16.72 119,785,756 13.26 129,682,651 14.36 14,166,401 1.57 13,447,615 1.4- 1903. 547,226,887 63.35 189,736,475 18. 49 107,428,323 10.48 147,702,374 14.40 21,043,527 2.05 12,581,651 1.23 1904. 498,697,379 50.32 198,778,952 20.06 120,364,113 12.14 143,509,153 14.48 20,310,998 2.05 9,425,77S .95 1 Hawaiian Islands not included since 1900. 2 From 1870 to 1878 specie is included in totals, but excluded in following years. PROGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, 1800-1904, 109 its Material Industries —Continued. COMMERCE BY GRAND DIVISIONS OF THE IVORLD. • YEARS. Exports from ihe United States to— Europe. North America. South America, Asia. Oceania. 1 Africa. Dollars. 41, SIS, OSS 46, 853,851 43,115,533 43.175.245 88,830,6S4 113, SCO,253 171,00?, 882 185.140.809 175,493,102 20S, 483,267 200,761,143 • 247,253,187 276,093,810 2i2,627,080 26S, 199,351 810,272,S13 170,339,184 157,741,883 227,456,875 222, £09,420 201.758.810 458,310,344 851,932,412 865,392,235 828,059.182 420,184,014 470,738, C93 450,167,843 529,061,323 572,511,470 533.644.821 53S, 822,835 557,244,615 697,774,959 594,189,272 719,433,788 766,113,793 600,100,498 G59,807,396 5S3,795,462 539,240,743 641,373,030 675,300,326 549,032,503 573,902,520 6S3,7S6,397 704.79S, 047 850,623,150 661,976,910 700.870.822 627,927,632 673,043,753 813,335,641 973.806.245 £35,602,093 1,040,167,763 - 1,136,50-1,605 1,008,033,9S1 1,029,256,657 1,057,930,131 Per cent of total. 03.26 70.19 69.04 65.24 74.89 74.90 78.31 78.77 75.99 75.59 72.90 75.62 76.07 74.74 75.17 77.54 68.31 68.60 68.51 65.47 69.92 81.05 77.30 76.62 74.71 79.35 81.19 78.71 79.61 79.87 80.17 80.81 79.33 80.39 83.50 86.10 84.96 79.96 80.10 78.84 80.75 79.67 80.33 78.88 77.98 79.74 79.73 82.60 78.10 73.67 77.76 76.26 77.39 79.07 76.33 74.60 76.89 72.96 72.48 72.42 Dollars. 27,208,618 16,066,899 16,810,597 18,836,434 23,737,078 24,722,610 29,575,913 28, SS6,177 32,503,494 47,135,118 60,816,532 51,173,760 55,969,8S3 63,901,14S 65,939,301 53,325,9S7 49,915,433 48,011,793 73,202,910 79,554,810 84,837,990 67,331,613 61,890,552 68,289,670 65,848,7S4 68,962, OX 77.348.181 73,230,645 81.629.769 91,942,133 86,166,454 79,925,699 83,053,655 78,762,1S4 67,598,525 69,437,783 83,156,899 85,793,255 09,423,476 92,217,193 76,764,748 71,980,400 73,425,948 79,995,497 89,550,476 94,100,410 96,549,129 105.566.181 119,783,8S9 119,693,212 108,575,594 116,567,496 124,958,461 139,627,841 157,931,707 187,694,625 196,534,460 203,971,080 215.482.769 231,909,959 Per cent of total. 38.34 , 21,07 * 24.12 25.57 17.97 16.27 13.54 13.54 14.07 17.09 IS. 47 15.85 15.42 16:60 15.68 13.33 20.02 20.83 22.05 23.33 23.17 11.91 13.43 14.32 14.99 13.03 13.00 12.80 12.05 13.25 12.95 12.00 11. S3 10.59 9.50 8.31 9.21 11.43 12.07 12.45 10.34 10.59 10.25 11.50 12.06 10.98 10.92 10.25 14.13 13.42 13.45 13.21 11.69 11.35 12.87 13.45 13.21 14.76 15.16 16.08 Dollar3. 1,611,733 1,133,639 4,687,391 6,969,517 9,076,724 11,834,839 10,197, S76 11,160,676 11,563,680 13,455,417 15,7^6,540 16,227,619 13,31S, 384 15,976,969 16,742,100 14,348, S97 11,776,079 16,183,019 19,359,562 21,606,908 17,924,295 21,770,346 20,652,085 19,531,311 21,651,459 19,699,5S1 27,000,890 29,661,967 26,747,020 24,096,950 22,862,746 22,577,154 24,690,478 23,437,376 23,190,220 25,304,846 27,224,850 29,670,659 31.226.934 27,734,857 26,131,991 30,744,497 29,579,227 35,021,017 38,752,648 33,70S, 290 33,147,614 32,639,077 33,212,310 33.525.935 36,297,671 33,768,646 33,821,701 85,659,902 88,945,763 44,400,195 88,043,617 41,137,872 50,755,027 Per tent of total. 2.41 1.63 6.21 4.52 5.98 5.44 4.86 4.83 4.19 4.89 4.81 4.47 4.no 4.48 4.18 5.76 5.12 4.88 5.69 6.42 3.17 4.74 4.33 4.45 4.09 3.31 4.72 4.38 3.73 3.62 3.43 3.22 3.32 3.29 2.77 2.79 3.63 3.59 4.22 3.74 3.85 4.29 4.25 4.72 4.52 3.81 3.21 3.85 3.72 4,15 4.11 3.21 2.75 2.91 2.79 2.98 2.75 2.90 3.47 Dollars. 1,177,846 656,881 3,289,000 I, 845,224 2,286,290 3,051,720 3,493,203 3,605,906 4,694,964 2,219,476 3,516,195 3,919,755 6,063,775 7,862,751 9,249,240 11,067,921 8,335,568 6,697,723 7,742,987 9,772,558 8,529,696 11,799,410 11,449,618 13,844,105 16,047,124 10,072,064 7,781,138 13,905,166 18,727,094 15,057,695 13,972,305 15,523,567 27,449,945 28,998,343 11,875,893 II, 645,703 12,917,348 18,393,671 16,348,742 16,913,978 20,739,972 22,113,992 • 19,322,172 18,929,152 18,439,626 19,096,820 25,553,308 19,590,350 16,222,354 20,872,761 17,325,067 25,630,029 39,274,905 44,707,791 48,360,1*1 64,913,807 49,390,712 63,944,077 58,359,016 60,151,347 Per cent of total. 1.66 .83 4.72 2.60 1.73 2.01 1.60 1.72 2.03 .80 1.28 1.20 1.67 2.42 2.59 2.77 3.34 2.91 2.33 2.87 „ 2.53 2.09 2.49 2.90 3.86 2.07 1.31 2.44 2.75 2.10 2.10 2.33 3.91 3.90 1.67 1.39 1.42 2.45 1.98 2.28 2.79 3.25 2.70 2.73 2.48 2.30 2.89 1.81 1.91 2.34 2.15 2.90 3.74 3.63 3.94 4.66 3.34 4.63 4.11 4.12 Dollars. 14,112 227,560 8,906 93,668 454,814 208,129 822,631 763,391 5,090,254 4,233,287 4,673,429 6.593.841 5,245,493 4,321,435 4.387.401 6,373,497 4,075,677 3,810,725 4,633,702 G, 444,017 7,552,117 7,675,428 6,229,659 5,992,691 7,027,415 4,334,991 3.307.841 3,613,780 4,677,457 4,493,916 4,276,979 4,771,212 7,345,929 8,607,644 9,423,804 « 6,846,698 9,506,577 12,460,664 13,571,721 •13,105,604 • 13,606,468 •14,326,999 13,438,148 14,746,065 16,239,403 16,460,269 18,621,801 15,572,767 11,199,477 11,914,182 13,109,231 17,197,229 22,652,773 22,003,022 29,875,015 43,391,275 35.392.401 34,258,041 37,468,512 32,850,6S1 Per cent of total. 0.02 .34 .01 .13 .35 .14 .38 .36 2.20 1.54 1.70 2.02 1.45 1.33 1.23 1.34 1.64 1.66 1.39 1.90 2.24 1.36 1.36 1.25 1.60 .82 .66 .63 .69 .63 .64 .71 1.05 1.16 1.32 .82 1.04 1.66 1.65 1.77 1.83 2.11 1.87 2.12 2.19 1.92 2.11 1.51 1.32 1.34 1.62 1.95 2.16 1.78 2.43 3.11 2.36 2.48 2.64 2.25 Dollars. 1,110,374 1,407,828 305,963 233,601 707,563 977,2S4 1,601,465 1,564,207 2,033,637 2,157,592 1,934,130 2,300,825 3,355,099 2,613,623 3,037,2C0 3.227.760 2,330,154 1,900,779 2,783,989 2,351,772 2,412,202 2,385,304 2,916,233 2,732,053 1,714,213 « 3,414,768 3 3,203,113 3 4,005,140 3 3,524,474 3 3,037,144 3 3,470,782 3 4,814,382 3 4,271,788 3 4,770,729 3 5,112,518 • 5,0S4,466 8 5,377,878 3 6,569,319 3 5,052,408 • 3,254,441 •4,103,962 « 3,598,409 3 3,952,122 s 3,612,063 3 4,248,333 4,613,702 4,757,897 6,061,265 5,196,480 4,923,859 - 6,377,842 13.870.760 16,953,127 17,515,730 18,594,424 19,469,849 25,542,618 33,468,605 38,436,853 24,230,126 Per cent of total. 1.56 2.11 .44 .31 .54 .64 .73 .75 .88 .79 .70 .70 .92 .81 .85 .84 .93 .83 .84 .69 .72 .42 .63 .58 .39 .64 .54 .70 .'52 .42 .52 .72 .61 .64 .72 .61 .58 .87 .61 .44 .55 .53 .56 .52 .57 .54 .54 .62 .69 .61 .87 1.57 1.61 1.42 1.52 1.79 1.72 2.42 2.71 1.66 .1S00 .1820 .1830 .1840 .1850 .1851 .1852 .1853 . 1854 .1855 .1856 .1857 _r.1858 .1859 .1860 .1861 .1862 .1863 .1S64 .1865 .1866 .1867 .1868 .1860 .~1870 .1871 .1872 .1873 .1874 .1875- .1876. .1877 .=1878. .1879 .1880- .1881 .1882 .1883. .1884 .1885. .1886. .1887 .1888. .1889 .1890. .1891 .1892. .1893 .1894 .1895. .1S96 .1897 .1S9S .1S99 .1900 .1901 .1902 .*....1903 .1904 • Includes “All other countries.” • Includes “All other Spanish possessions.” •Includes “All other countries in Asia and Oceania.” no PROGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, 1800-1904 Progress of the United States in TRANSPORTATION' OF FOREIGN COMMERCE. Imports into the United States. YEARS. 1800.. 1810.. 1820.. 1830.. 1510.. 1850.. 1851.. 1852.. 1553.. 1854.. 1855.. 1856.. 1S57.: 1858.. 1859.. 1860.. 1561.. 1862.. 1863.. 1864.. 1865.. 1866=. ■1867 s - 1868.. 1869.. 1870.. 1871.. 1872.. 1873.. 1874.. 1875.. 1876.. 1877.. 1878.. 1879.. 1880.. 1881.. 1882.. 1883.. 1884.. 1885.. 1886.. 1887.. 1888.. 1889.. 1890.. 1891.. 1892.. 1893.. 1894.. 1595.. 1596.. 1897.. 1598.. 1899.. 1900.. 1901.. 1902.. 1903.. 1901.. By sea. In American vessels. In foreign vessels. Total. Ber cent in Ameri¬ can vessels. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. 66,035,739 4,481,181 70,516 920 94.2 92,80 l> , 352 14,330 167 107 141 519 86.6 139,657,043 38,481,275 178,138,31S 78.4 163,650,543 52,574,389 216,224,932 75.7 155,258,467 53,038,388 20S, 296,855 74.5 191,688,325 76,290,322 267,978,647 71.5 215,376,273 86,117,821 301,594,094 ! 71.4 292,234,900 69,233,620 261,468,520 77.3 249,972,512 64,667,430 314,639,942 79.4 259,116,170 101,773,971 369,890,141 71.3 203,700,016 78,913,134 2S2,613,150 72.1 216,123,428 122,644,702 338,768,130 63.8 228,164,855 134,001,399 362,166,254 63.0 201,544,055 134,106,093 335,650,153 60.1 92,274,100 113, 497,629 205,771,729 44.8 109,744,580 143,175,340 252,919,920 43.4 81,212,077 248,350, SIS 329,562,895 24.6 74,385; 116 174,170,536 248,555,652 29.9 112,040; 395 333,471,763 445,512,158 25.2 117,209; 536 300,622,035 417,831,571 28.1 122,965; 225 248,659,583 371,624,808 33.1 136; 802,024 '300,512,231 437,314,255 31.3 153,237,077 309,140,510 462,377,587 33.1 163,285,710 363,020,644 526,306,354 31.0 177,286,302 445,416,783 622,703,085 2S.5 174,739,834 471,806,765 646,546,599 27.0 176,027,778 405,320,135 531,317,913 30.3 157,872,726 382,949,56S 540,822,294 29:2 143,389, 704 321,139,500 464,529,204 30.9 151,834,867 329,565,833 481,399,900 31.6 146,499,282 307,407,665 453,900,847 32.3 143,590,353 310,499,699 454,089,952 31.7 149,317,368 503,494,913 652,812,281 22.9 133,631,116 491,840,269 625,471,415 21.4 130,266,826 571,517,802 701,784,628 18.6 136,002,290 664,175,576 700,177, S66 19.4 135,046,207 512,511,192 647,557,399 20,8 112,864,052 443,513,801 556,377,853 20.3 118,942,817 491,937,636 610, SS0,453 19.5 121,365,493 543,392,216 664,757,709 18.3 123,525,29S 568,222,357 691,747,655 17.8 120,782,910 586,120,881 7QG, 903,791 17.1 124,948,948 623,740,100 748,689,048 16,7 1 127,471,67S 676,511,763 803,983,441 15.9 1 139,139,891 64S, 535,976 7S7,675,867 17.7 1 127,095,434 695,184,394 822,279,828 15.5 121,561,193 503,810,334 625,371,527 19.4 ! 108,229,615 590,538,362 698,767,977 15.5 117,299,074 626,890,521 744,189,595 15.7 109,133,454 619,784,338 728,917,792 15.0 98,535,867 492,086,003 585,621, S70 16.0 82,050,118 581,673,550 663,723,668 12.4 101,304,910 701,223,735 805,528,675 12.9 93,055,493 6S3,015,858 776,071,351 12.0 102,188,002 744,766,235 84G, 954,237 12.1 123,656,832 835,844,210 959,511,042 12.9 132,253,065 790,595,180 922,848,251 14.3 "ve !y land hides. 1 Dollars. Total by land and sea. Dollars. Exports from the United States. By sea. In American vessels. In foreign vessels. Total. • Ber cent in Ameri¬ can vessels. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. 63,882,719 9,966,7S9 73,849,508 86.5 105,622,257 26,463,689 132,085,94G 80.0 99,615, Oil 62,283,679 151.99S, 720 65.4 352,456,689 65,931,322 218,388,011 69.8 139,476,937 70,181,429 209,658, S66 06.5 155,028,802 75,947,355 230,976,157 67.1 191,322,266 84,474,054 275,796,320 69.4 203,250,562 71,906,284 275,156,846 73.8 232,295,762 94,669,14'6 326,964,908 71.1 251,214,857 111,745,855 362,960,682 69.2 243,491,288 81,153,153 S34, C44,421 72.8 249,617,953 107,171,509 356,789,462 70.0 279,082,902 121,029,304 400,122,296 70.0 179,972,733 69,372,130 249,344,913 72.1 125,421,318 104,517,667' 229,938,985 54.6 132,127,891 199,8S0,691 332,008,582 39.8 102,849,409 237,412,730 340,292,139 30.2 93,017,756 262, S39,5S8 555,857,314 26.1 213,671,466 351,754,92S 565,426,394 37.8 180,625,368 280,708,358 461,333,736 39.2 175,016,348 301, S86,491 476,902,839 36.7 153,154,748 285,979,781 439,134,529 34.9 199,7S2,324 329,786,978 529,519,302 37.7 190,378,462 392,801,582 583,180,394 32.7 168,044,799 393,029,579 561,974,378 30.0 171,566,758 494,015,885 666,482,644 25.7 174,424,216 533,885,071 '708,310,187' 24.6 156,385,066 501,838,949 658,224,015 23.8 167,686,467 492,215,487 G59,901,954 25.4 164,826,214 530,354,700 C95, ISO, 917 23.7 166,551,624 569,580,564 736,135,188 22.7 128,425,339 600,769,633 729,194,972 17.6 109,029,209 720,770,521 829,799,730 13.1 116,955,324 777,162,714 S94,118,038 13.1 96,962,919 641,460,967 738,423,886 13.1 104,418,210 694,331,348 798,749,558 13.1 98,652,828 615,287,007 713,939, S35 13.8 82,001,691 636,004,765 718,006,456 11.4 78,406,686 681,973,477 CS0,380,163 11.9 72,991,253 621,802,292 694,793,515 10.5 67,332,175 606,474,964 G73,807,139 10.0 83,022,198 630,042,650 713,964,858 11.6 77,502,138 747,376,644 824,878,782 9.4 78,968,047 773,589,32-4 852,557,371 9.3 81,033,844 916,023; 675 997,057,519 8.1 70,670,073 733,132,174 S03,802,247 ' 8.8 73,707,023 769,212,122 812,919,145 8.7 62,277,581 695,357,830 757,635,411 8.2 70,392, S13 751, OSS, 000 821,475,813 8.5 79,941,823 905,969,428 985,911,251 8.1 67,792,150 1,090,406,476 1,158,198,626 5.9 78,562,088 1,064,590,307 1,113,152,395 6.9 90,779,252 1,193,220,6S9 1,2S3,999,941 7.1 84,343,122 1,291,520,938 1,375,864,060 6.1 83,631,985 1,174,263,079 1,257,895,064 6.6 91,028,200 1,190,262,178 1,2S1,290,378 7.1 97,482,054 1,210,608,328 1,308,090,332 7.5 By land vehicles. 1 Dollars. Total by land and sea. Dollars. 15,187,354 17,035,681 17,070,548 14,513,335 13,083,859 12,148,067 10,697,640 12,965,999 11,983,823 15,142,405 17,193,213 22,854,946 23,003,048 20,140,294 21,149,476 24,555,683 27,562,059 32,209,459 38,227,861 40,621,361 40,932,755 39,726,595 44,121,094 29,623,095 33,201,9S8 35,535,079 35,812,620 30,427,784 33,424,821 44,412,509 47,100,814 56,366,711 66,208,195 68,239,120 70,516,920 107.141.519 178,138,318 216,224,932 208,296,855 267,978,647 301,594,094 261.468.520 314,689,942 360, S90,141 282,613,150 338,708,130 362.166.254 335,050,153 205,771,729 252,919,920 329,562,895 248.555.652 445.512.153 417.831.571 371,624,808 437.314.255 402,377,587 541.493.708 610,338,705 663,617,147 595,861,248 553.900.153 476,677,871 492,097,540 466,872,846 466,073,775 667,954,746 642,664,628 724.639.571 723,180,914 667,697,693 577,527,329 635,436,136 692.319.708 723,957,114 745.131.652 7S9,310,409 844,910,196 827,402,462 866,400,922 654,994,622 731,969,965 779,724,674 764,730,412 616,049,654 697,148,489 849,941,184 823; 172,165 903,320,948 1,025,719,237 991,0S7,371 7,798,156 10,015,039 10,799,430 8,509,205 7,304,370 6,324,487 6,767,170 7,511,365 7,439,862 6,838,928 8,259,308 12,118,371 25,089,844 26,573,774 24,183,299 19,144,667 21,389,666 22,147,368 28,430,517 32,949,902 31,923,439 33,220,629 43,862,947 49,221,427 49,902,754 01,131,125 05,082,305 73,283,704 83,870,907 110,483,141 111,900,931 123,824,387 138,851,301 152,736,889 73,849,508 132,085,946 151,998,720 218,38S, Oil 209,058,360 230,976,157 275,796,320 275,150,846 326,964,9C8 362,960, GS2 334,644,421 350,789,462 400,122,29G 249,344,913 229,938,985 332,008,582 340,292,139 355.857.344 563,426,394 401,333,736 470,902,8S9 439,134,529 529,519,302 590,978,550 571,989,467 677,282,074 716,819,392 065,528,391 600,220,441 701,948,087 743,646,553 736,634,834 835,638,658 902.377.345 750,542,257 823,839,402 740,513,609 742,189,755 679,524, S80 716,183,211 695,954,507 742,401/375 857,828, G84 884,480,810 1,080,278,14S 847, C65,104 892,110, 572 807,538, If 5 882,606,938 1,050,993,556 1,231,4S2,330 1,227,023,302 1,394,483,082 1,487,764,991 1,3S1,719,401 1,420,141,679 1,460,827,271 1 No data prior to 1871. PROGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, 1800-1904 111 its Material Industries— Continued. FOREIGN COMMERCE OF PRINCIPAL CUSTOMS DISTRICTS. Boston. New York. • Philadelphia. Baltimore. New Orleans. San Francisco. - YEARS. Imports. Exports. Imports. Exports. Imports. Exports. Imports. Exports. • * ', Imports. Exports. Imports. Exports. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars, Dollars. Dollars. Dollars, Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. .1820 .1850 1 .1851 .1852 . . .1S55 41,389,867 15,966,56S 194,521,417 78,942,4S0 16,570,447 C,966, SSS 9,119,907 11,050,298 14,905,765 80,833,900 6,468,193 3,362,915 .1856 44,144,930 15,241,600 216,108,452 80, £01,227 17,834,042 6,991,513 10,580,208 13,686,335 22,964,149 91,752,534 5,970,170 2,594,496 .1857 38,035,104 15,783,686 160,053,843 66,375,494 12,775,591 5,845,969 8,917,707 10,342,310 15,065,182 88,874,9S6 6,510,157 2,395,092 .1S53 41,040,514 12,020,260 216,610,992 59,638,9S5 14,499,040 5,1SS, 055 0,711,951 9,158,056 16,678,001 101,116,349 7,656,622 4,008,142 .1859 39,333,684 12,747,945 231,310,086 80,047,978 14,611,934 0,526,907 0,7S1,205 8,940,100 20,636,316 108,164,812 7,367,016 4,868,090 .1860 ’ 35,883,012 14,587,624 18S, 790,086 123,675,195 12,615,433 0,914,938 9,412,898 13,937,103 9,501,020 6,911,921 7,215,022 7,359,172 .1861 22 ion 451 12 91S 531 130 623,949 133,816,192 5,812,1S2 11,051,119 3,6S5,082 8,461,869 7,134,851 .1862 26,999,283 17,696,462 175,522,885 1S3,860,391 7,317,520 12,203,575 4,4S3,593 12,068,072 1,397,457 5,738,325 7,925,720 8,463,535 .1863 30,189,931 15,789,714 227,407,442 164,803,15S 9,050,236 9,926,652 6,835,341 9,650,805 1,451,009 4,278,470 10,849,153 8,262,546 .1864 24,389,735 19,862,181 152,248,978 202,509,041 7,037, S7d 11,053,465 4, S16,454 12,141,037 1,463,905 3,581,912 15,802,226 9,987,516 .1865 42,650,884 19,097, S52 392,505,719 271, SCI,092 13, 167, 17,192,752 8,155,991 10,097,0S3 8,710,220 96,975,227 15,568,416 30,113,312 ....s 1866 45,280,555 18,515,870 277,469,510 131,700,239 13,243,480 16,672,311 12,209,500 11,092,929 11,142,249 82,884,049 18,064,911 13,155,187 ...J 1867 36,942,341 16,609,860 236,791,023 174,737,620 14,445,205 14,373,773 12,923,349 13,978,213 10,732,637 68,823,518 15,685,337 14,234,430 .1363 44,583,822 14,381,078 2S2,060, COS 185,933,293 15,832,158 14,643,712 15,863,032 13,891,885 11, CS4, 200 75,384,630 15,117,604 12,935,758 .1SG9 47,4S4,060 14,126,429 281,048,813 190,614,743 14,453,211 10,927, G10 19,512,468 14,510,733 14, S77,471 107,630,952 15,982,519 13,991,781 .1S70 53,613,754 13,424,627 348,755,769 222,710,489 17,728,022 17,793,283 24,672,871 15,094, C7S 18,421,796 94,021,573 15,978,295 13,033,22S .1871 70,275,036 22,644,383 416,162,512 223,510, C51 23,383, S32 £0,983,649 2S,834,565 18,445, SSS 13,433,285 "89,956,5S5 27,222,270 10,190,074 .1S72 67,969,345 29,156,229 418,709,493 260,529,299 25,393,061 £4,210,989 29,251,444 19,413,524 19,867,501 104,550,834 32,679,791 25,002,231 .1873 52,059,729 SO, 601,635 376,732,380 30-1,634,33S 26,440,037 S3,0S7,537 29,283,891 27,664,977 14,424,248 93,275,841 26,735,461 25,084,760 .1874 51,90S, 587 30,842,697 357,136,693 262,433,225 24,094,323 2S, 456, G09 27,787,451 27,537,922 12,320,822 71,571,372 24,677,243 24,070,157 .1S75 37,222,890 37,247,136 303,466,910 262,851,576 22,471,367 40,2S1,7S4 22,305,346 31,383,570 11,216,572 84,157,667 28,435,12S 23,290,941 .1876 42,218,333 44,075,196 298,261,378 2S2,217,379 19,673,374 45,954,316 22,322,544 39,209,253 9,326,606 70,372,204 29,646, S23 29,790,593 .1877 40,268,023 47,968,470 292,797,559 330,493,677 19,333,495 44,552, S44 16,899,855 45,631,070 10,921,412 85,690,033 26,575,610 21,791,359 .1S78 40,448,791 49,193,664 302,349,055 335,870,225 24,377,271 47,078,702 14,017,604 57,556,941 6,902,021 63,907,613 29,111,744 31,359,302 .1S79 6S,503,136 59,238,341 459,£37,153 392,560,090 35,944,5C0 49,649,693 19,915,989 76,253,560 10,611,353 90,442,019 35,221,751 32,358,029 .1880 61,960,103 73,433,677 435,450,905 407,181,024 32,5S3, ICS 44,229,703 13,189,816 72,471,693 12,213,920 103,743,9S6 37,943,695 35,026, ScO .1SS1 69,594,057 62,471,426 493,060, S91 314,503,775 34,136,579 38,131,258 14,938,258 39,428,236 12,133,291 70,95S, 731 41,001,636 53,476,856 .18S2 72,552,075 62,356,749 496,005,276 361,425,361 S3,738,556 SS, 147,744 14,599,179 55,003,351 9,593,762 95,107,314 45,702,530 44,959,420 .1883 65,865,551 63,497, S29 465,119,630 329,883,267 33,657,216 36,492,56S 11,423,665 43,079,234 10,734,561 81,868,229 35,857,698 37,050,59S .1SS4 53,445,929 62,000,103 380,077,748 344,514,701 29,919,019 38,723,261 11,849,696 45,052,904 8,688,652 79,147,574 35,040,350 3S, 115,624 .1885 58,430,707 54,099,068 419,338,932 814,329,111 26,551,313 33,753,317 11,696,944 35,84/,7S8 S, 115,171 82,660,196 37,142,117 30,229,424 61,013,330 59,001,505 456,698,631 316,347,219 39,952,349 35,426,856 12,535,920 51,607,149 9,652,135 79,519,909 40,707,708 32,711,043 .1887 63,897,778 56,457,3S4 470,425,771 310,627,496 41,772,121 23,845,861 11,741,585 46,235,727 11,617,749 81,257,490 46,692,905 27,684,891 .1883 66,731,023 60,833,595 472,153,507 319,830,555 48,523,602 29,774,211 15,223,814 50,611,662 14,452,480 83,828,976 48,425,760 37,673,376 .1889 62,S76,666 71,201,944 616,426,693 349,051,731 53,936,315 37,410,683 13,140,203 73,983,693 14,653,103 108,126,891 48,751,223 36,S76,091 .1S90 71,212,614 77,020,081 537,786,007 346,528, S47 59,427, S90 S3,6/4, So5 20,555,6S7 64,412,247 20,267,060 109,106,687 50,943,299 40,168,771 .1891 71,780,489 87,175,636 533,538,112 413,952,783 60,006,791 5S, 541,457 13,418,523 98.S50,197 18,909,553 131,252,873 47,135,684 40,737,044 .1892 79,357,654 85,460,422 548,558,593 347,335,717 66,122,147 49,402,482 16,150,946 71,606,995 21,789,732 77,838,013 45,291,099 31,144,180 .1893 53,309,331 83,972,460 415,795,991 369,140,365 53,726,963 40,5C0,7S3 11,978,900 78,422,129 18,0S7,944 81,529,453 38,146,626 24,903,009 .1894 63,889,118 85,505,196 477,741,128 325,580, CG2 48,802,676 35,043,093 12,260,706 61,939,991 13,861,507 68,413,362 36,2G9,637 24,873,143 .1895 79,179,864 95,851,004 499,932,792 S54,274,941 43,840,836 39,567,375 13,476,630 66,398,905 13,471,142 80,986,791 41,400,317 31,582,910 .1896 90,173,419 100,857,281 480,603,5S0 391,679,907 48,072,672 47,305,273 11,371,193 85, C92,651 16,618,727 101,494,120 34,375,945 39,647,606 .1897 51,475,099 117,531,903 402,281,050 445,515,794 31,419,997 56,244,436 8,007,118 118,845,5S0 0,664,457 112,826,681 42,822,945 41,223,759 .1898 52,097,960 128,037,149 465,559,650 459,444,217 41,222,528 60,950,065 9,151,155 107,156,240 11,917,659 87,993,277 25,/46,577 30,214,904 .1SE9 72,195,939 112,195,555 637,237,282 618, S34,471 51,866,002 78,403,031 19,015,279 115,530,373 17,420,811 115,853,764 47,869,628 40,368,283 .1SOO 61,452,370 143,708,232 527,259,906 529,592,978 48,043,443 79,351,025 13,899,473 ICO, 239,081 20,462,307 152,776,599 35,161,753 34,596,792 .1901 71,921,436 102,404,304 559,930,849 490,361,695 47,750,342 80,383,403 22,825,281 SO, 532, 512 23,763,480 134,486,863 35,102,9S1 38,183,755 .1902 86,310,530 SS,126,444 C18,705,662 505, S29,694 59,095,431 73,031,963 27,803,167 81,704,497 2S, 880,744 149,072,619 36,454,283 33,502,616 .1903 80,657,697 89,845,772 600,171,033 506,808,013 63,890,1C6 71,411,934 20,345,7S8 82,836,164 .34,030,516 148,595,103 37,642,978 32,547,181 .1904 2 Includes specie. s Includes specie in foreign exports. 112 PROGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, 1800-1901 Progress of the United States in YEARS. STATISTICS OF FARMS. 1 FARM ANIMALS. • PRODUCTION OF PRINCIPAL COM¬ MODITIES. Number of farms. Persons engaged in agri¬ culture. Value of farms and farm property. Value of products. Total value. Cattle. Horses. Sheep. Mules. Swine. Woo!. Wheat. Com. 1800 .. Number. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Number. Number. Number. Number. Number. Pounds. Bushels. Bushels. 1810 I 1820 . 1 1 1S30... 1 ! 1S40. 1 __ 1_ 14,971,586 " 6 4,335,669 4.336.719 19,311,374 21.773.220 26,301,293 30,354,213 35,802,114 62,516,959 84,823,272 100,485,944 377,531,875 592,071,104 1S50. 1,449,073 3,967,343,580 544. 180.516 659,331 1831 . 1 a852... ! i 1 f 1853 1 1 1 1854 . 1 1 1855... 1 1 18c6... 1 1 i . 1857... 1 1 i 1838 1 1 i 1859.... 1 ! i I860. 2,014,077 7,980,493,060 1,089,329,915 25,616,019^ 6,249,174 22,471,275 1.151.148 33.512.867 60,264,913 75,000,000 90,000,000 106,000,000 123,000,000 142,000,000 155,000,000 160,000,000 168,000,000 180,000,000 162,000,000 160,000,000 150,000,000 158,000,000 170,000,000 181,000,000 192,000,000 200,000,000 208,250,000 211,000,000 232,600,000 240,000,000 272,000,000 290,000,000 300,000,000 308,000,000 302,000,000 285,000,000 269,000, OCO 265,000,000 276,000,000 285,000,000 294,000,000 303,153,000 298,057,384 209,748,000 272,474,708 259,153,251 266,720,684 272,191,330 288,636,621 302,502,328 316,341,032 287,450,000 291,783,032 173,104,924 838,792,740 ISfil_ 1 1862 ... 1.1.1. 1 1 \ 1863 ... J.1 .1. 1 1 1 1861..^.1. 1. 1 1 1 1865.1.'.^. *. 1 1 1 1SC0.!.1.1. 1 . 1 1 1 151,999,906 212.441.400 224,036,600 260,146,900 235.884.700 230.722.400 249,997,100 281.254.700 308.102.700 292,136,000 289,356,500 364,191,146 420,122,40C 448,756,63C 498,549,868 383,280,090 504,185,47C 421,086,160 512,765, COO 357,112, COO 457,218,000 456,329,000 415,868,000 490,560,000 399,262,000 611,780,000 515,949,000 396,131,725 460,267,416 467,102,947 427,684,346 630,149,168 675,148,705 547,303,846 522,229,505 748,460,218 670,063,008 637,821,835 552,399,517 867,916,295 768,320,000 906,527,000 874,320,00C 1,094,255,000 991,898,00C 1,092,719,000 932,274,000 850,148,500 1,321,069,000 1,283,827,500 1,342,558,000 1,388,218,750 1,547,901,790 1,717,434,543 1,191,916,000 1,017,025,100 1-, 551,066,895 1,795,528,000 1,936,176,000 1,065,441,000 1,456,161,000 1,987,790,000 2,112,892,000 1,489,970,000 2,060,154,000 1,628,464,000 1,619,496,131 1,212,770,052 2,151,138,580 2,283,875,165 1-, 902,967,933 1,924,184,660 2,078,143,933 2,105,102,516 1,522,519,891 2,523,648,312 2,244,176,925 2,467,480,934 1S67.1.1.1.1. 1 978,582,736 9C3,190,821 1,136,684,545 1.524.960.149 1,023,446,379 1.504.271.924 1,494,615,523 1,454,169,184 1,438,233,0S6 1,460,743,917 1,483,072,515 1,542,233,873 1,445,423,062 1,576,917,556 1.721.795.252 1.906.468.252 2,338,215,768 2.467.868.924 2,456,428,383 2,365,159,862 2,400,586,938 2,409,043,418 2,507,050,058 2,418,766,028 2,329,787,770 2,461,755,698 2,483,506,681 2,170,816,754 1,819,446,306 1,727,926,084 1,655,414,612 1.888.654.925 1,997,010,407 2,228,123,134 3,011,254,076 2.959.170.150 3,102,515,540 2,998,247,479 20.079. 72R 1 R. 401.263 39,385,386 38,991,912 37,724,279 40,853,000 31,851,000 31.679.300 33,002,400 33.938.200 33,783,600 35.935.300 35.804.200 35,740,500 38,123,800 40,765,900 43,569,899 45,016,224 49,237,291 50,626,626 50,360,243 48,322,331 44,759,314 44,544,755 42,599,079 44,336,072 43,421,136 44,938,365 47,273,553 45,048,017 42,294,064 38,298,783 36,818,643 37,656,960 39,114,453 41,883,065 59,756,718 62,039,091 63,964,876 51,630,144 822,386 855,685 921,662 1.179.500 1.242.300 1.276.300 1,310,000 1,339,350 1,393,75C 1.414.500 1.443.500 1.637.500 1,713,100 1.729.500 1,720,731 1,835,169 1,871,079 1,914,126 1,972,569 2,052,593 2,117,141 2,191,727 2,257,574 2,331,027 2,296,532 2,314,699 2,331,128 2,352,231 2,333,108 2,278,946 2,215,654 2,190,282 2,134,213 2,086,027 2,864,458 2,757,017 2,728,088 2,757,916 24,693,531 24,317,25S 23,316,476 26,751,400 29.457.500 31,796,300 32, G32,050 30,850,900 28,062,200 25,726,800 28,077,100 32.262.500 34,76G, 100 34,034,100 36,247,683 44,122,200 43,270,086 44,200,893 45,142,657 46,092,043 44,612,836 44,346,525 50,301,592 51,602,780 50,625,106 52,398,019 46,094,807 45,206,49S 44,165,716 42,842,759 40, GOO, 276 39,759,993 38,651,631 37,079,356 66,982,142 48,698,890‘ 46,922,624 47,009,367 1868.1.1. 1 .. 1 ___ 20,634,052 21,433,099 25,484,100 26.235.200 26,693,300 26.989.700 26,923,400 27.220.200 27.870.700 29. 216 900 5,756,940 6,332,793 8.248.800 8,702,000 8,990,900 9,222,470 9.333.800 9,504,200 9,735,300 10 155.400 1869 . 1 .'. 1870 _12.659.985 5,922,4711°8, 944,£57,745*1,958,030,927| 1S71. 1S72. 1 1 I 1873. 1 ! 1874. 1 I 1S75 . ""1 .1 1876 . 1 ! 1877. 1 1 1878. 1 ! 80. 523. 400 10.329.700 1879 j 33,234,500 33,258,000 33,307,363 35.891.870 41,171,762 42,547,307 43,771,295 45,610,630 48,033,833 49,234,777 50,331,142 52,801,907 52,895,239 54,067,590 52,378,283 53,095,568 60,868,845 48,222,995 46,450,135 45,105,083 43,984,340 43,902,414 62.333.870 61,421,599 61,764,433 61,049,316 10,938,700 11,201,800 11,429,626 10,521,654 10,838,110 11,169,683 11,564,672 12,077,657 12,496,744 13,172,936 13,663,294 14,213,837 14,056,750 15,498,140 16,206,802 16,081,139 15,893,318 15,124,057 14,364,667 13,960,911 13,665,307 13,537,524 16,744,723 16,531,224 16,657,373 16,736,059 1880. 1881. 4,008,907 7,713,875 12,180,501,538 2,212,540,927 1882 1 1883 . 1 1SS4. 1 1SS5 .... 1 1886 1 1887. 1888 . . 1889 1890 . 1891 . 4,664,6-11 8,565,926 16,082,267,689 2,460,107,454 1892 . 1893 1894 1895 .... 1895 1897 .. 1S98.. lSf'9 .. 1 1900. 5,739,65710,438,219 20,514,001,838 11 3,764,177,706 i 1Q02 • 1 1 1903 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 No official figures in other than census years. 6 includes mules. 2 Pennsylvania anthracite shipments only from 1820 to 1867; entire coal prod- 6 Product of 1845. net from 186S to date. 7 In addition to this amount it is estimated some 10,000,000 barrels ran to waste a Includes custom work. in and prior to 1862 for want of a market. « Estimated average for the period. PROGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, 1800-1904. 113 its Material Industries —Continued. PRODUCTION OF PRINCIPAL COMMODITIES. PRODUCTION OF MINERALS. Cotton. Cane sugar. Precious metals. Coal .* Petroleum. Pig iron. Steel. C Gold. Silver. Bales. Tons. Dollars. Dollars. Tons. Gallons. Tons. Tons. 155,556 , • 340,000 4 2,463 606,061 4 73,112 20,000 976,845 4 564,950 165,000 2,177,835 69,246 4 11,697,829 864,379 286,903 2,333,718 110,526 50,000,000 60,000 3,358, S99 663,755 2 454 442 55,000,000 50,000 4,44S, 916 3,126,310 00,000,000 50,000 4,993,471 3,416,214 172,456 65,000,000 50,000 5,195,151 3 074 979 234,444 GO, 000,000 60,000 6,002,334 657,338 2 982,631 185,145 55,000, COO 60,000 700,159 123,46S 55, COO, 000 50,000 6,927,6S0 7SS,515 3 nos 737 39,oon 55,000,000 50,000 6,614,941 712,640 a 957 339 143 736. 50,000,000 500,000 6.839,339 629,5IS 4,018,914 193,346 60,000,000 100,000 7, SOS, 255 84,000 750,560 4,861,292 119,040 46,000,000 150,000 8,513,123 21,000,000 821,223 3,849,469 122,644 43,000,000 2,000,000 7,954,264 88,771,578 653,164 3 4,500,000 240,996 89,200,000 4,500,000 7,869,407 7 128,380,080 703,270 s 1,600,000 46,000 40,000,000 8,500,000 9,566,006 109,674,978 846,075 « 450,000 37,973 46,100,000 11,000,000 10,177,475 S8,87G,57S 1,014,2S2 8 300,000 5,000 53,225,000 11,250,000 9,652,391 '104,903,403 831,770 2,154,476 9,232 53,500,000 10,000,000 12,703,882 151,103,400 1,205,663 1,951,9S8 22,500 51,725,000 13,500,000 12,988,725 140,586,600 1,305,023 19,013 2,430,893 23,000 4S, 000,000 12,000, COO 28,258,000 153,136,914 1,431,250 26,786 2,260,557 45,000 49,500, COO 12,000,000 28,268,000 177,030,000 1,711,287 31,250 3,114,592 46,800 50,000,000 16 000,000 32,863,000 220,951,290 1,665,179 68.750 4,347, OOC 79, COO 43,500,000 23,000,000 41,381,000 218,619,828 1,706,793 ■ 73,214 2,974,351 69,800 36,000,000 28,750,000 45,410,000 264,314,148 2,513,713 142,051 3,930,50S 60,193 36,000,000 35,750,000 51,004,000 415,539,012 2,560,963 198,796 4,170,388 48,500 S3,500,000 37,300,000 46,916,000 458,931, G90 2,401,262 215,727 3, £27,815 63, SCO 33,400,000 31,700,000 46,686,000 io 510,825,588 2,023,733 333,799 4,632,813 77,000 39,900,000 38,800,000 47,500,000 883,572, C98 1,868,961 533,191 4,474,069 89,000 46,900,000 39,800,000 53,948,000 500,715,216 2,006,594 669,018 4, 773,865 71,000 51,209,000 45,200,000 51,655,000 646,668,456 2,301,215 731,977 5,074,155 112,000 38,900,000 40,800,000 59,333,000 836,394,132 2,741,853 935,273 5,761,252 92,802 36,000,000 39,200,000 63,822,830 1,104,017,166 3,835,191 1,247,335 G, G05,750 127,367 34,700,000 43,000,000 76,865,357 1,161,771,996 4,144,254 1,588,314 5,456,048 76,373 32,500,006 46,800,000 92,219,454 1,2S1,454,860 4,623,323 1,736,692 G, 949,756 142,297 30,000,000 46,200,000 102,867,969 984,884,586 4,695,510 1, 673,535 5,713,200 135,243 30,800,000 48,800,000 106,906,295 1,017,174,396 4,097,868 1,550,879. 6,70S, 165 100,876 31,800,000 51,600,000 99,069,21C 918,068,970 4,044,526 1,711,920 6,575,691 135,158 35,000,000 61,000,000 101,500,024 1,178,723,322 6,683,339 2,562,503 6,505,087 85,394 33,000,000 53,350,000 116,651,974 1,187,906,286 6,417,148 3,339,071 7,046,833 167,814 33,167,500 59,206,700 132,731,613 1,159,705,050 6,489,738 2,899,440 G, 938,290 153,909 32,967,000 64,768,730 126,097,8CS 1,476,867,546 7,603,642 3,385,732 7,311,322 136,503 32,845,000 70,485,714 140,866,931 1,924,552,224 9,202,703 4,277,071 8 652,697 221,951 33,175,000 75,416,565 150,505,954 2,280,291,510 8,279,870 3,904,240 9,035,379 165,437 33,014,981 82,101,010 160,115,242 2,121,405,594 9,157,000 4,927,5S1 6,700,3S5 206,81G 35,955, OOC 77,575,757 162,814,977 2,034,104,772 7,124,502 4,019,995 7,549,817 272,913 39,500,000 64,000, OOC 152,447,791 2,072,469,672 6,657,888 4,412,032 9,901,251 325,621 46,610, OOC 72,051, OOC 172,426,366 2,221,475,692 9,446,308 6,114,834 7,157,34C 242,693 53,088,30C 76,069,236 171,416,390 2,560,335,162 8,623,127 5,281,6S9 8,767,964 287,678 57,863, OOC 69,637,172 178,771,131 2,639,971,672 9,652,680 7,156,957 11,199,99- 316,183 64,463, OOC 70,384,48C 196,407,882 2,325,297,7SC 11,773,934 8,932,857 11,274,84( 248,954 71,053.40C 70,806,62C 226,554,63f 2,396,975,70C 13,620,70S 10,639,857 9,4SG,41( 149,191 79,171, OOC 74,533,491 240,789,309 2,C61,233,565 13,789,242 10,188,329 10,383,422 273,229 78, GC6, TOC 71,387,80C 261,874,83C 2,914,346,148 15,878,354 13,473,695 10,680, C8( 325,290 80,000,OOC 71,757,57c 269,277,177 3,728,210,472 17,821,307 14,947,250 10,727,55< 332,94'J 73,591,70C 70,206.06C 12 AQ fifif 319,068,220 4,219,376,154 18,009,252 14,534,978 10, Oil, 6i l Copper. Total value all min¬ eral pro¬ duction in U. S. Tons. Dollars. 0100 650 900 3,100 2,000 2,250j 3,000 4,000' 4 , soy 5,5C o' 1 6, SCO 1 7,200 7,500* 9, CO 1 8,509 8,030' 8,500' 8,900 10,000 11 , 000 12.500 12. CC0! 13, C00 1 12,50G ! 15.500 1 17.500 1 13, CCO 19, C03 21, CCO 21.500 23,000 27 ,000 32,00; 40,467 51,674 M, 70S 74,052 70,430 101,239, TOTAL MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES OF THE UNITED STATES,I Num¬ ber of estab¬ lish¬ ments. 123,02i Average number of em¬ ployees. Wages and salaries paid. Dollars. 957,059 236,755,464 Value of products. 3 Dollars. YEARS. 140,4331,311,245 878,878,906 169,917 311,627 218,598,994 252,148 2,053,996 r,o i ot*' i 1 O, dmlj olu 4,232,325,442 1 . . * . 369,310,000 406,175,552 457,595,250 453,441,073 412,9S9,105 427,898,680 445.786.591 520,714,474 549,781,936 : 650,870,815 ' 619,048,925 623.171.591 648,895,031 574,404,724 527,079,225 621,295,047 G22,796,265 C31.186,574 698,59G, 78S 972,208,008 1,063,678,053 1,086.554,291 1,260,609,738 1,419,721,569 253,852 2,732,535 947,953,795 5,369,579,101 . S55,415 4,712,622 2,283,216,529 9,372,437,2S3 ...... i 512,734 5,719,137 2,735,430,848 13,039,279,566 ; . i “ t I 1,885,861,676 .1800 .1510 .1520 .1830 .1840 1,019,106,C16|.1850 .1851 .1852 .1853 .1854 .1855 .1S5S .1857 .1858 .1550 .I860 .1801 .1562 .1853 .1864 .1SC5 .1865 .1867 .1SC8 .I860 .1870 .1871 .1872 .1573 .1S74 .1875 .1S7G -1S77 .1878 1S79 .1880 .1851 .1382 .1SS3 .1SS1 .1885 -1SS3 .1SS7 .1888 .1889 -1S99 .1891 .1S92 .1893 .1S94 .1S95 .1896 .1897 .1898 .1899 .1901 .1902 .1903 .1904 « Estimated by J. L. Watkins, Department of Agriculture, i Including all production prior to 1876 in Ohio, West Virginia, and California. 11 Does not include value of products fed to live stock. 1 2 Preliminary estimate. CAN 1904—VOL 1-8 114 PROGRESS OP THE UNITED STATES, 1800-1001 PROGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES IN YEAR. MANUFACTURES OF IRON AND STEEL. TIN PLATES. MANUFACTURES OF COTTON. 1 Num¬ ber of estab¬ lish¬ ments. 2 Wages and salaries paid. 8 Value of products. 8 Imports. Exports. Imports. Produc¬ tion. Num¬ ber of estab¬ lish¬ ments. 2 Wages and salaries paid. 2 Value of products. 2 Exports (domes¬ tic). Imports. Spindles in opera- ation- on Septem¬ ber 1. North¬ ern States. South¬ ern States. Total United States. 1800 Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. 52,144 91,914 46,552 | 322,747 1,127,877' 1,953,702 2,336,587 2,368,384 2,541,554 4,249,959 3,803,706 4,256,613 4,959,238 4,843,592 5,577,748 5,870,114 6,039,149 4,732,348 6,681,417 7,541,967 11,227,2941 4,006,180' 9,351,062 10,950,275 Pounds. Poundsnet. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. No* No.* No .8 1810 1820 7,812,326 5,774,013 6,504,104 20,108,719 22,164,442 19,689,496 27,731,363 33.949.503 17,757,112 25,917,999 28,685,726 18,584,810 26.976.381 33,215,541 25.271.382 8,890,119 14,121,589 14,341,501 9,223,686 27,502,194 19,302,005 17,335,406 20,481,312 23,3S0,053 29,876,640 35,307,447 35,201,324 28,193,869 27,738,401 22,725,598 18,923,614 19,081,037 19,928,310 29,929, C66 31,219,329 35,719,791 38,036,044 29,074,626 27,197,241 29,709,266 28,940,353 28,917,799 26,805,942 29,918,055 29.712.624 28,323,841 33,560,293 22,346,547 33.196.625 32.437.504 qa j oq qua 1880 6,346,287 8,157,923 20,145,067 22,439,297 23.568.649 34,944,002 35,456,143 28,693,979 29,050,101 30.743.649 20,171,007 22,379,743 26.158.235 21.160.235 11,451,707 16,152,843 23,822,876 16,660,991 25,598,147 31,630,519 30.346.768 38,213,717 40,273,682 53,024,075 67,852,616 74.302.102 46,786,469 31,432,380 23,197,417 19,320,927 18,987,130 19,594,60S 71,266,699 60,604,477 67,976,897 58.495.246 40,147,053 33,610,093 37,534,078 49,203,164 48,992,757 42,377,793 41,679,591 53,544,372 28.928.103 31,937,974 20.925.769 23,048,515 25.338.103 16,094,557 12,626,431 12,100,440 20,478,728 17,874,789 27.180.247 51,617,312 27,028,312 - 1,318,183 3,549,607 4,734,424 7,241,205 7,672,151 8,768,894 5,535,516 5,857,181 6,967,309 6,115,177 5,651,504 8.316.222 10,934,796 7,957,038 2,946,464 2,906,411 1,456,901 3,451,561 I, 780,175 4.608.235 4,871,054 5.874.222 3,787,282 3.558.236 2,304,330 2,947,528 3,095,840 4,071,882 7,722,978 10,235,843 11,438,660 10,853,950 9,981,418 13,571,387 13,222,979 12,951,145 II, 885,211 11,836,591 13,959,934 14,929,342 13,013,189 10,212,644 9,999,277 13,604,857 13,226,277 11,809,355 14,340,886 13,789, S10 16,837,396 21,037,678 17,024,092 23,566,914 24,003,087 20,272,418 32,108,362 32,216,804 22,403,713 1840 1850 1,094 61,869,184 1851. 1852 .... 1853 . 1854 . 1856... 1857. 1858... 1859 .. I860 . a*- 1,091 23,940,108 115,681,774 1861. - 1862 . # 1803 . 1864.. 1865. I860. 1867. . 1868. 1869. 10.938.492 13,483,163 21,189,692 11.463.880 13,655,0S7 15,098,248 19,534,215 15,449,846 16,501,638 16,053,571 15.133.493 14.716.524 16, 608,767 20,748,206 22.826.525 21.909.881 16,592,155 15,745,569 15,958,502 17,763,034 21,156,077 25,542,208 28,909,614 28,800,930 30,106,482 29,220,264 32,000,989 41,160,877 57,497,872 70,406,885 93,716,031 121,913,548 117,319,320 98,552,562 96,642, 467 111,948,586 181,619, C88 150,932,768 178,976,224 196,522,704 192,485,440 169,318,912 190,663,200 198,310,672 222,608,736 244.821.360 276,537,072 379,902,880 370,007,568 440,929,328 484,038,688 507,894,756 507,154,935 572,252,699 | 572,220,397 634,944,945 735,779,988 680,060,925 1,036,489,074 422,176,202 628,425,902 454,160,826 508,038,938 385,138,983 230,073,683 171,662,345 i 108,484,820 147,963,804 117,880,312 1C8,996,086 109,913,293 126.909.360 1870. 808 40,514,981 207,208,696 956 39,044,132 177,489,739 1871. 1872. 1873. 1874. 1875. 1876. 1877. 1878. 1879. * 1880. 1,005 55,476,785 296,557,685 756 45,614,419 192,090,110 1881. 1882. 1883. 11,800 12,250 12,250 12.250 12,300 12,300 12.700 12,800 12,900 13.250 13,450 13,500 13.700 13,800 IS 000 86 1,050 1,125 1,150 1,200 1.250 1,360 1,605 1,740 1.950 2,100 2,200 2.400 2,850 3.250 3,550 3.950 4,700 5,500 6.400 6,900 7,650 12,660 13,300 13,375 13.400 13,500 13.550 14,060 14,405 14,640 15.200 15.550 15,700 16,100 16,650 17', 150 17,450 18,100 19,100 20.200 21.400 22,000 22,850 1884. 1885. 1886. 1887. 1888. 1889. 1S90. 719 95,736,192 478,687,519 905 69,489,272 267,981,724 1891. 3 2,236,743 42,119,192 123,606,707 166,343,409 254,611,395 359,209,798 574,779,520 732.289.600 808,300,000 677.969.600 894,411,840 819,840,000 1,075,200,000 1892. * 1893. 1894. 1895. 1896. 1897. 1898. 27,267,300 13,900 39 Hrvi 454 14 IRft 1S99. 1900 . 1901 . 725 134,739,004 835,759,034 1,055 94,039,951 339,200,320 41,296,239 40,246,935 44,460,126 52,462,755 AO AAO 14,400 14,700 15,000 15,100 1 7 ono 1902. 1903. 1904. IW MU, A.VV 1 Does hot include hosiery and knit goods. 8 No official figures in other than census years. 3 Thousands of spindles; 000 have been omitted. 115 PROGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, 1800-1904. its Material Industries— Continued. * Quantity not stated, 6 Last six months. 116 PKOGKESS OF THE UNITED STATES, 1800-1904 Progress of tiie United States in YEAR. Crude rubber imported. 6TJGAR. COFFEE. TEA. Imports. Aver¬ age cost per lb. in foreign coun¬ try. Whole¬ sale prices of granu¬ lated at N. Y. per lb. Total con¬ sump¬ tion. Con¬ sump¬ tion per capita. Imports. Aver¬ age im¬ port price per lb. atN.Y. Con¬ sump¬ tion per cap’ta. 0) Imports. Aver¬ age im¬ port price per lb. atN.Y. Con¬ sump¬ tion per capita. C 1 ) Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. Quanti¬ ties. Values. rounds. Pounds. Dollars. Cents. Cents. Tons. Pounds Pounds. Dollars. Cents. Pounds Founds. Dollars. Cents. Pounds 1800. 1810. 1820. 1830. 86,490,113 4,630,922 5.35 69,711 12.1 51,4SS,248 4,227,021 8.3 2.98 8,609,415 2,425,018 22.3 0.53 1810. 120 940,747 5,581,078 4.61 107,177 14.1 94,996,095 8,546,222 8.8 5.06 20,006,595 5,427,010 24.1 .99 1S50. 218,430,764 3.46 239,409 23.1 145,272,687 11,234,835 7.6 5.60 29 ,872,654 4,719,232 14.1 1.22 1S51. 380,402,289 13,841,471 3. 64 291,340 27.2 152,519,743 12,851,070 8.4 6.21 17,461,114 4,79S, 005 25.6 .5* 1S52. 14,712.848 3.22 341,377 30.8 193,906,353 14,474,900 7*4 7.29 29 437 206 7,285,817 23.2 l.Or 1853. 464,402,286 14,9S7,831 3.23 SS9,513 34.1 199,408,045 15, ,515,9S6 7.7 7.26 22 721 745 8,224,853 36.4 . 7 5 1854. 13,702,781 3.01 393,467 33.3 162,255,998 14,549,718 8.9 5.68 24,417,712 6,729,447 25.6 .73 1855. 473,809,817 14,676,345 3.01 364,450 30.0 191,47S, 657 16,940,400 8.8 6.43 95 333,097 6,973,099 25.0 .73 1856... 545 226 430 22 534 414 4.13 364,574 29.1 935,865,268 21,573,558 9 1 7.26 •» 889 856 6 933,214 28.9 .05 1857_ 776,9S4,262 42,774,614 5.45 27.7 240,676,227 22,426,758 9.1 7.49 20 357,824 26.3 .57 135S. . 519,200,387 23,434,508 4.26 403,540 30.4 189,211,800 18,369,840 9.6 5.86 39 005,021 7,261,815 20.4 .97 1859_1 _ 655,846,362 30,577,335 4.55 440,052 32.2 264,426,531 25,086,0^9 9. 4 8.07 20 ofiS 757 7,3S8,741 21.3 .76 1S60. 694,83S, 197 31,078,970 4.38 428,785 30.5 202,144,733 21,883,797 10. S 5. 79 31 696,657 8,915,327 26.3 .84 1831. 809,749,958 30,637,897 3.68 490,743 34.3 184,499, C55 20,568,297 11.1 5.55 96 117,956 6,977,283 25.8 .66 1832. 2,125,561 557,738,382 20,357,090 3.66 343,534 23.5 122,799,311 14,192,195 11.3 3.46 94 868 421 6,545,634 .71 1863. 5,104,650 518,594,861 19,082,017 3.63 264,534 17.8 80,461,614 10,395,8G0 12.5 2.24 29 761,037 8,013,772 25.8 .80 1864. 632,230,247 29,660,076 4.68 275,360 18.1 131,622,782 16,221,586 12.0 37 229 176 10,549,880 27.8 1.04 1S65. 651,936,494 27,325,897 4.39 333,194 21.5 106,463,062 11,241,706 6.6 2.43 19 568 318 4,056,730 18.1 .49 1866. 1,000,055,024 40,669,172 4.02 421,345 26.6 1S1,413,192 20,531,764 11.2 4.96 42 002,738 11,123,231 25.3 1.17 1867. 849,054,006 35,941,253 4.09 453,593 28.1 187,236,580 20,696,259 10.9 6.01 39 892,658 12,415,037 31.0 1. 09 1863. 8,438,019 1,121,189,415 49,495,102 4.33 4S3,604 29.3 248,983,900 25,288,451 10.1 6.52 37 843,612 11,111,560 29.2 . 9G 1869... 7,813,134 1,247,833,430 60 407,202 4.74 543,125 32.2 254,160,993 24,531,743 9. 7 6.45 13, 687 750 31 2 1 08 1870........ 9,624,098 1,196,773,569 56,923,745 4.95 13.51 607,834 35.3 235,256,574 24,234,879 10.3 6.00 47,408,4S1 13,863,273 29.4 1.10 1871. 11,031,939 1,277,473,653 64,621,239 4.94 13.12 663,174 37.6 317,992,048 30,992,869 9.8 7.91 51,364,919 17,254,617 34.1 1.14 1S72. 11,803,437 1,509,185,674 81,213,001 6.37 12.37 708,717 39.1 298,805,946 37,942,225 12.7 7.28 63,811,003 22,043,575 36.5 1.46 1873. 14,536,97S 1,568,304,592 82,716,953 5.35 11.36 748,558 40.2 293,297,271 44,109,671 15.0 6.87 64,815,126 24,466,170 37.7 1.53 1874. 14,191,320 1,701,297,869 81,887,463 4.95 10.60 783,557 41.0 285,171,512 55,048,967 19.3 6.59 55,811,605 21,112,234 37.4 1.27 1575. 12,035,909 1,797,509,990 73,330,556 4.35 10.61 791,600 40.3 317,970, G65 50,591,48S 15.8 7.08 64,856,899 22,673,703 34.7 1.44 1876. 10,539,297 1,493,977,472 58,120,5S3 4.04 10.51 775,565 38.5 339,789,246 56,788,997 16.7 7.33 62,-887,153 10,524,160 SO. 5 1.35 1S77. 13,521,109 1,654,556,831 84,978,1S2 4.91 10.73 745,250 46.1 331,639,723 53,634,991 16.2 0.94 58,347,112 10,181,467 27.3 1.23 1878. 12,512,203 1,537,451,934 73,090,958 5.00 9.07 773,472 38.6 309,8S2,540 51,914,605 16.8 6.24 65,366,704 15,660,168 23. G 1.33 1S79. 14,878,5S4 1,834,365,836 72,078,68S 4.10 8.81 831,896 40.7 377,848,473 47,356,819 12.5 7.42 60,194,673 14, 577,618 24.2 1.21 1SS0. 16,826,099 1,829,291,684 80,087,720 4. IS 9.80 956,784 42.9 446,850,727 GO, 360,7G9 13.5 8.78 72,162,936 19,7S2,631 27.4 1.39 1S81. 20,015,176 1,946,745,205 86,670,624 4.41 9.70 1,012,206 44.2 455,189,531 56,784,391 12.5 8.25 81, S13,988 21,004,813 25.7 1.54 1SS2. 22,712,862 1,990,152,374 90,439,675 4.41 9.35 1,134,994 48.4 459,922,768 46,041,609 10.0 8.30 78,769,060 19,392,102 24.6 1.47 18S3. 21,646,320 2,137,667,665 91,637,992 4.37 8.65 1,221,011 51.1 515,878,515 42,050,513 8.2 8.91 73,479,164 17,302,849 23.5 1.80 1S84. 24,574,025 2,756,416,896 9S, 264,607 3.61 6.75 1,309,383 63.4 534,785,542 49,686,705 9.3 9.26 67,665,910 13,636,053 20.2 1.09 1885. 24,208,148 2,717,884,653 72,519,514 2.67 6.53 1,298,380 61.8 572,699,552 46,723,318 8.2 9.60 72,104,956 14,047,5S3 19.5 1.18 1886. 29,263,632: 2,689,881,765 SO, 773,744 2.84 6.23 1,459,280 56.9 634,707,533 42,672,937 7.6 9.36 81,887, £98 16,020,383 19.6 1.37 1887. 28,649,446 3,136,413,240 78,411,224 2.50 0.02 1, SSI, 714 52.7 626,109,170 56,347,600 10.7 8.53 89,831,221 16,771,802 18.7 1.49 18S8. 36,628,351 2,700,2S4,232 74,245,206 2.75 7. IS 1,519,283 56.7 423,645,794 60,507,630 14.0 6.81 84,627,870 13,360,6S5 15.8 1.40 1889. 32,339,503' 2,762,202,967 88,543,971 3.21 7.89 1,416,474 61.8 578,397,454 74,724,882 13.0 9.16 79,575,984 12,654,640 16.0 1.29 1890. 33,842,374 2,934,011,560 96,094,532 3.28 6.27 1,476,377 52.8 499,159,120 78, S37,432 16.0 7.83 83,886,829 12,317,493 15.0 1.33 1891. 33,712,089 3,483,477,222 105,728,216 3.03 4.65 1,588,851 66.3 519,528,432 96,123,777 6 19.0 8.00 83,453,339 13,828,993 17.0 1.29 1S92. 39,976,205 3,555,509,165 104,408,813 2.93 4.35 1,853,370 63.8 640,210,788 128,011,930 620.0 9.67 90,079,039 14,373,222 16.0 1.38 1893. 41,547,6S0 3, 766,4-15,3 i / 116,255,7S4 3.03 4.84 1,906,758 64.4 563,469,068 80,485,658 14.0 8.31 89,061,287 13, S57,482 16.0 1.33 1891. S3,757,7S3 4,345,193,881 126,871,889 2.92 4.12 2,012,714 66.7 550,934,337 90,314,676 16.4 8.30 93,518,717 14,144,243 15.1 1.36 1895. 39,741,607 3,574,510,454 76,462,836 2.15 4.12 1,940,744 63.4 652,208,975 96,130,717 14.7 9.33 97,253,453 13,171,379 13.5 1.40 1896. 86,774,460 i 3,896,338,557 89,219,773 2.29 4.53 1,960,086 62.5 680,597,915 84,793,121 14.6 8.11 93,998,372 12,704,4-10 13.5 1.33 1897. 35,574,449 4,91S,905,733 99,066,1S1 2.01 4.50 2,070,978 64.8 737,645,670 81,544,384 11.1 10.12 113,347,175 14,835,862 13.1 1.58 1898. 46,055,497 2,689,920,851 60,472,749 2.55 4.97 2,002,902 61.5 870,514,455 65,067,631 7.5 11.68 70,957,715 10,054,283 14.2 .93 1899. 51,063,066 3,980,250,539 94,964,120 2.29 4.92i 2,078,068 62.6 831,827,063 55,275,470 6.5 10.7S 74,089,89S 9,675,081 13.1 .98 1900. 49,377,13S : 4,018,036,530 100,250,974 2.49 5.32| 2,219,847 65.2 787,991,911 52,467,943 6.7 9.81 84,845,107 10,558,110 12.4 1.09 1901. 55,275,529 3,975,005,840 90,487,800 2.28 5.05| 2,372,316 68.7 854,871,310 62,861,’99 7.4 10. 60 89,806,453 11,017,876 12.8 1.14 1902. 50,413,481 7 3,031,915,875 55,061,097 1.82 4.46; 2,566,108 72.8 1,091,004,252 70,982,155 6.6 13.87 75,579,125 9,390,128 12.4 .94 1903. 55,010,571 ’• 4,216,108,106 72,088,973 1.71 4.64 2,549,643 71.1 915,086,380 59,200,749 6.5 10.79 108,674,005 15,659,229 14.5 1.30 1904. 59,015,551 j"S, 700,623,613 71,915,753 1.94 4.77 2,767,162 75.3 995,043,284 69,551,799 7.0 11.75 112,905,541! 18,229,310 16.1 1.34 i Consumption per capita baser! on net imports. * Average based upon officially published tariffs; actual rates lower. ^Including canal tolls until 1S32, but not Buffalo transfer charges. ‘ Overvalued by reason of depreciation of Brazilian paper ruilreia. • Andrew’s Colonial and Lake Trade. PROGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES. 1800-1904 117 its Material Industries— Continued. RAILWAYS. Miles in opera¬ tion. Passengers carried. Freight carried 1 mile. Freight receipts per ton per mile. Pas¬ senger cars. Freight, baggage, mail, and express cars. • Number. Tons. Cents. Number. Number. _J 23 2, SIS 9,021 10,982 12,90S 15,330 16,720 18,374 22,016 24,503 26,90S 28,789 30,626 1 31,2S6 1 32 120 1 33 170 1 33 90S 1 35 085 1 35 SOI | 39 259 1 42 229 1 43 844 1 52.922 1 60,293 1 6.3 171 1 70 r ’SS ! 72 3S5 i 74,090 I 70 SOS 1 1 79 0.8° 'll SI 747 1 SO 550 9?, 202 12,788 544,185 103 I OS 14, G4S 653,271 114,077 375,391,812 39,302,209,249 1.24 16,187 70S,202 121,422 312,686,041 44,061,923,445 1.22 17,899 754,599 125,345 334,570,766 44,725,207,677 1.12 17,993 854,216 128,320 351,427,088 49,151,894,469 1.06 17,290 812,063! 133,33S 382,284,972 52,802,070,529 1.04 19,252 852,239 149,214 428,225,513 61,561,069,996 1.03 20,5S2 963,223 156,114 451,353,655 65,423,005,988 .98 21,425 1,011,943 161,276 49-1,803,421 68,677,276,992 .97 22,885 1,04S, 222 166,703 520,439,0S2 79,192,985,125 .93 21,664 1,069,205 170,729 556,015,802 81,210,154,523 .93 23,083 1,117,654 175,170 575,769,678 84,413,197,130 .94 24,604 1,125,558 177,516 597,050,539 90,552,087,290 .89 27,169 1,139,037 170,415 509,660,216 82,219,900,49S .86 26,345 1,199,803 181,065 529,755,259 88,567,770,801 .84 26,419 1,238,689 1S2,769 635,120,755 93,8S5,853,631 .82 24,940 1,253,520 184,591 501,103,525 97,8-12,569,15C .80 25,654 1,243,152 185,810 514,982, SS8 114,566,173,191 .76 25,844 1, 292,856 190,818 537,977,301 126,991,703,110 .73 26,184 1, 336,205 194,259 634,695,935 141,162,109,413 .75 26,786 1, 358,467j 198,743 600,485,790 148,959,303,492 .76 27,144 1, 418,139 203,009 655,130,236 156,624,166, C24 .76 27,364 1,513,675 207,604 696,90S, 994 171,290,310,685 .78 28,648 1, 634,332 AMERICAN VESSELS. Engaged Engaged Engaged in com- Built. in foreign trade. in domes¬ tic trade. merce of Great Lakes. Tons. Tons. Tons. Tons. 106,261 669,921 301,919 127,575 984,269 440,175 61,394 619,048 660,065 s 3,50C 58,560 576,475 614,508 u, ioe| 121,203 899,766 1,280, 999 54,199 279,255 1,585,711 1,949,743 198,266 299,472 1,726,307 2,046,132 211,145 355,356 1,899,448 2,238,992 235,299; 427,494 2,103,674 2,303,336 271,129 1 536,045 2,333, Sit 2,469,083 300,085 5S3,450 2,535,20< 2,676,795 362,655 469,293 2,491,651 2,3S0, C02 394,684 378,804 2,464,038 2,476,805 420,360 244,712 2,499,742 2,550,066 418,925 156,602 2,507,402 2,637,636 445,752; 214,797 2,546,237 2,807,631 467,774 233,194 2,642,628 2,897,185 490,445 175,075 2,291,251 2,830,913 553,260 311,045 2,026,114 3,128,942 635,054 415, 740 1,5S1,894 3,404,506 700,672 394,523 1,602,583 3,494,199 673,697 336,146 1,492,926 2,817,852 573,912 305,595 1,568,032 2,736,455 617,685 285,304 1,565,732 2,786,027 695,604 275,230 1,566,422 2,57S, 219 661,366 276,953 1,516,800 2,729,707 6S4,704 273,226 1,425,142 2,857,465 712,027 209,052 1,410,64S 3,027,099 724,493 359,245 1,423,28S 3,272,739 788,412 432,725 1,428,923 3,371,729 842,381 297,63S 1, 553,827 3,299,905 837,891 203,5S5 1,592.821 2,686,637 613,211 176,591 1,611,193 2,631,407 610,160 235,503 1,629,048 2,583,717 604,656 193,030 1,491,534 2,678,067 697,376 157,409 1,352,810 2,715,224 605,102 280,458 1, 335,586 2,722,148 663, 382 282,269 1,292,294 2,873,639 711,269 265,429 1,302,095 2,933,392 723,Sll 225,514 1,304,221 2,967,008 733,069 159,056 1, 287,998 2,977,936 749,94S 95,453 1,111,179 3,019,957 762,560 150,450 1,015,563 3,090,282 783,721 218,086 943,784 3,248,132 874,102 231,134 1,021,595 3,285,880 972,271 294,122 916,695 3,477,802 1,063,063 369,302 1, 005,950 3,678, S09 1,154,870 199,633 994,676 3,770,245 1,183,582' 211,639 899,803 3,925,26S 1,261,067 131,195 916,180 3,767,849 1,227,400 111,602 838,183 3,797,774 1,241,459; 227,096 844,954 3,858,926 1, 324,067 232,232 805,584 3,963,436 1,410,102 180,458 737,709 4,012,029 1,437,500 300,038 848,246 4,015,992 1,446,34S 393,790 826,694 4, 338,145 1,665,587 483,489 889,129 4,635,0S9 1,706,294 468,833 882,555 4,915,347 1,816,511 436,152 888,776 5,198,569 1,902,698 378,542 898,76S 5,392,7C7 2,019,20S 1 1 Registered tonnage of vessels passing through Sault Ste. Marie Canal. FREIGHT CHIC AG Lake and Canal. 2 RATES, 3 TO NEW Lake and rail. WHEAT, YORK. All rail. YEAR. Registered Cts. per Cts. per Cts. per ions . bu. bu. bu. .18C0 .1810 .1820 .1830 .1840 .1850 .1851 .1852 .3S53 .1854 . 106,296 .1S55 101,458 .1856 ISO, 820 25.29 .1S57 219,819 16.28 .1S58 352,642 17.59 .1859 403,657 24.83 1 .I860 276,639 26.55 | .18G1 359,612 26.33 1 lsro 607,434 22.91 1 .1S63 571,438 28.36 .1861 409,062 26.62 458,53C 29.61 46.1 .1866 556,899 22.86 44.2 .1SC7 432,563 22.79 29.0 42.6 .1868 524,885 25.12 25.0 35.1 .1SG9 690,826 17.11 22.0 33.3 .1S70 752,101 20.21 25.0 31.0 .1871 914,735 24.47 28.0 33.5 .1S72 1,204,446 19.19 26.9 33.2 .1373 1,070,857 14.1 16.9 28.7 .1S74 1,259,534 11.43 14.6 24.1 .1875 1,541,676 9.58 11.8 16.5 .1876 1,439,216 ' 11.24 15.8 20.3 .1877 1,667,136 9.15 11.4 17.7 .1S78 1,677,071 11.6 13.3 17.3 .1879 1,734,890 12.27 15.7 19.9 .1SS0 2,092,757 8.19 10.4 14.4 .1SS1 2,468,088 7.89 10.9 14.6 .1882 2,042,259 8.37 11.5 16.5 .1883 2,997,837 6.31 9.95 13.125 .1884 3,035,937 6.87 9.02 14.0 .1885 4,219,397 8.71 12.0 16.5 .1SSG 4,897,598 8.51 12.0 4 15.74 .1887 5,130,659 5.93 11.0 4 14.5 .1888 7,221,935 6.89 4 8.7 15.0 .1839 8,454,435 ! 5.85 8.5 14.31 .1890 8,400,685 5.96 8.53 15.0 .1891 10,647,203; 6.61 7.55 14.23 .1892 8,949,754 6.33 8.44 14.7 13,110,366 4.44 7.0 12. S8 .189.1 16, SOS,781 4.11 6 .95 12.17 .1393 17,249,418 6.38 7.32 12.0 .1896 17,619,933 4.35 7.37 32.32 .3S97 18,622,75lj 4.42 4.96 11.55 .1SS3 21,958,347 6.65 6.63 11.13 .1899 22,316,834 4.42 5.05 0 9.98 .1900 24,626,976 6.14 5.57 0 9.92 .1C01 31,955,582 5. 25 6.73 HO. GO .1S02 27,736,444 6.44 6.17 HI. 33- .1903 24,364,138 | cFor domestic consumption; local rate, for exports only, 9.0S cents in 1900, 9.02 *’ 89 ij0oes not include sugar from Hawaii and Porto Rico, 901,370,406 pounds in 1902, cents in 1901, 8.75 cents in 1902, and when consigned or delivered to steamer, 1,000,90S,928 pounds in 1903, 995,723,599 pounds in 1994. 118 PROGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, 1800-1901 Progress of the United States in CONSUMPTION OF WINES AND LIQUORS. TRICES OF STAPLE COMMODITIES. YEARS. Wines. Malt liquors. Distilled'spirits. Total con¬ sumption of wines and liquors. Con¬ sump¬ tion per eapita of all wines and liquors. Per ton. Mid¬ dling cotton, per pound. ( a ) Stand¬ ard sheet¬ ings, per yard. Stand¬ ard prints, per yard. Washed Ohio fleece wool, July 1. Consump¬ tion. Con¬ sump¬ tion per capita. Consumption. Con¬ sump¬ tion per capita. Consump¬ tion. Con¬ sump¬ tion per capita. Pig iron No. 1 foun¬ dry. 1 Steel rails, stand¬ ard sec¬ tions. 5 Fine. Me¬ dium. Coarse. Gallons. Galls. Gallons. Galls. Pf. GaUs. Pf.galls. Gallons. Galls. ; Dollars. Dollars. Cents. Cents. Cents. Cents, Cents. Cents. 1800 1810 18 9 0 1S30. 60 50 40 1810. 4,873,096 0.29 23 310,843 1.36 43,060,884 2.52 71,244,823 4.17 27.88 45 39 33 1850. 6,315,871 .27 36,563,009 1.58 51,833,473 2.23 94,712,353 4.08 20.88 12.34 7.87 10.62 45 37 30 1S51. 21.38 12.14 7.08 10.50 47 42 37 1852. j 22.63 9.50 6.96 10.50 45 38 33 1853. ....... ...... 36.13 11.02 7.92 10.50 CO 53 48 1854. 1 36.88 10.97 7.C6 10.50 45 37 30 1855. I 27. 75 10.39 7.64 9.80 50 40 33 1856. i 27.12 10.30 7.50 9.50 55 42 36 1857. 1 26.38 13.51 8.90 10 . io 56 50 40 1S58. 1 . . 22.25 12.23 8.25 9.50 43 37 30 1859. . 1 I i 23.38 12.08 8.50 9.50 56 40 35 1860. 11,059,141 .35 101,346,669 3.22 89,968,651 2.86 202,374,461 6.44 22.75 11. CO 8 .73 9.50 55 50 40 1861. 20.25 13.01 10.00 9.71 38 30 22 1862. 23.88 31.29 18.55 14.40 48 47 45 1863. 62,372,465 1.87 17,409,596 .52 35.25 67.21 36.04 21.24 75 70 65 1S64. 97,770,684 2.87 87,002,007 2.55 59.25 101.50 52.07 33.25 100 100 90 1865. 113,623,255 3.27 17,484,302 .50 46.12 83.38 38.04 29.00 75 73 65 1856. 159,153,746 4.49 .44 4G. 88 43.20 24.31 21.15 70 67 60 1867. 193,060,149 5.33 15, SS5,460 .44 44.12 166.00 31.59 18.2S 16.58 55 49 45 1868. 191,2S9,305 5.17 8,453,485 .23 . 39. 25 158.50 24.85 16.79 13.83 46 45 43 1869. 197,483,238 5f23 63,443,582 1.68 40.03 132.25 29.01 16.19 14.00 48 48 47 1870. 12,225,067 .32 204,756,156 5.31 79,895,708 2.07 296,870,931 7.70 33.23 106.79 23.98 14.58 12.41 46 45 43 1871. 15,834,063 .40 241,138,127 6.10 64,059,661 1.62 321,031,851 8.12 35.12 102.50 16.95 13.00 11.62 62 60 55 1S72. 16,682,037 .41 270,298,916 6.66 68,422,280 1.68 355,403,233 8 .75 48.88 112.00 22.19 14.27 12. CO 72 70 65 1873. 18,847,031 .45 300,697,262 7.21 68,037,139 1.63 387,581,432 9.30 42.75 120.50 20.14 13.31 11.37 50 48 44 1874. 20,468,714 .48 299,521,065 7.00 64,540,090 1.51 384,529,869 8.99 30.25 94.25 17.95 11.42 9.75 63 53 46 1875. 19,991,330 .45 294,953,157 6.71 66,120,558 1.50 381,065,045 8.67 25.50 68.75 15.46 10.41 8.71 52 49 46 1876. 20,161,808 .45 308,336,387 6.83 59,983,890 1.26 388,982,085 8.61 22.25 59.25 12.98 8.85 7.06 38 35 31 1877. 21,876,330 .47 304,927,667 6.58 59,420,118 1.22 386,223,115 8.33 18.88 45.50 11.82 8.46 6.77 50 44 37 1S78. 22,263,919 .47 317,969,352 6.68 51,931,941 1.09 892,165,242 8.24 17.63 42.25 11.22 7.80 6.09 36 36 32 1879. 24,377,130 .50 344,605,485 7.05 54,278,475 1.11 423,261,090 8.68 21.50 48.25 10.84 7.97 6.25 37 38 34 18S0. 28,329,541 .66 414,220,165 8.26 63,526,694 1.27 506,076,400 10.09 28.48 67.52 11.51 8.51 7.41 46 48 42 1881. 24,162,925 .47 444,112,169 8.65 70,607,081 1.38 538,882,175 10.50 25.12 61.13 12.03 8.51 7.00 42 44 36 18S2. 25,502,927 .49 626,379,980 10.03 73,556,976 1.40 625,499,883 11.92 25.75 48.50 11.56 8.45 6.50 42 45 34 1883. 25,778, ISO .48 551,497,340 10.27 78,452,687 1.46 655,728,207 12.21 22.38 37.75 11.88 8.32 6.00 39 41 33 1884. 20,508,345 .37 590,016,517 10.74 81,128,581 1.48 691,653,443 12.60 19.88 30.75 10.88 7.28 6.00 35 34 30 1885. 21,900,457 .39 596,131,866 10.62 70,600,092 1.26 688,632,415 12.26 18.00 28.50 10.45 6 .75 6.00 32 31 28 1886. 25,567,220 .45 642,967,720 11.20 72,261,614 1.26 740,796,554 12.90 18.71 34.50 9.28 6.75 6.00 33 33 29 1887. 32,325,061 .55 717,748,854 12.23 71,064,733 1.21 821,138,648 13.99 20.92 37.08 10.21 7.15 6.00 34 37 34 1 SS8. 36,335,068 .61 767,587,056 12.80 75,845,352 1.26 879,767,476 14.67 18.88 29.83 10.03 7.25 6.50 29 33 31 1SS9. 34,144,477 .56 779,897,426 12.72 80,613,158 1.32 894,655,061 14.60 17.75 29.25 10.65 7.00 6.50 85 39 32 1S90. 28,956,981 .46 855,792,335 13.67 87,829,623 1.40 972,678,939 15.53 18.41 81.78 11.07 7.00 6.00 33 37 29 1891. 29,033,792 .45 977,479,761 15.31 91,157,565 1.43 1,097,671,118 17.19 17.52 29.92 8.60 6.83 6.00 31 35 29 1892. 28,467,860 .44 987,496,223 15.17 98,328,118 1.51 1,114,292,201 17.12 15.75 30.00 7.71 6.50 6.25 28 34 30 1893. 31,987,819 .48 1,074,546,336 16.20 101,197,753 1.62 1,207,731,908 18.20 14.52 28.12 8.66 5.90 5.25 24 26 25 1S94. 21,293,124 .31 1,036,319,222 15.32 90,541,209 1.34 1,148,153,555 16.97 12.66 24.00 6 .94 5.11 4.90 20 21 18 1895. 19,644,049 .28 1,043,292,106 15.13 77,828,561 1.13 1,140,764,716 16.54 13.10 24.33 7.44 5.74 5.25 18 21 19 1S96. 18,701,406 .26 1,080,626,165 15.38 71,051,877 1.01 1,170,379,448 16.66 12.95 28.00 7.93 5.45 4.66 17 18 17 1897. 38,5S8,307 .53 1,069,310,262 14.94 73,166,833 1.02 1,181,065,402 16.50 12.10 18.75 7.00 4.73 4.70 21 * 231 21 1898. 20,567,317 .28 1,164,226,462 15.96 81,487,587 1.12 1,266,281,366 17.36 11.66 17.62 5.94 4.20 3.96 28 29 24} 1899. 26,360,696 .35 1,135,520,629 15.28 87,310,228 1.17 1,249,191,553 16.80 19.36 28.12 6.88 5.28 4.25 29 311 27 1900. 30,427,491 .40 1,221,500,160 16.01 97,357,394 i.27 1,349,285,045 17.68 19.98 32.29 9.25 6.05 6.00 281 311 27} 1901. 28,791,149 .87 1,258,249,391 1C. 20 103,086,839 1.33 1,390,127,379 17.90 15.87 27.33 • 8.75 5.54 4.62 25 26 22 1902. 49,754,403 .63 1,381,875,437 17.49 107,989,160 1.30 1,539,419,000 19.48 22.19 28.00 9.00 6.48 6.00 26 26} 25 1903. 38,719,355 .49 1,449,879,952 18.04 117,670,382 1.46 1,006,242,672 19.99 19.92 28.00 11.18 6.25 6.00 311 31} 27 1904. 44,693,516 .55 1,494,191,325 18.28 121,101,997 1.48 1,659,986,838 20.31 15.57 28.00 11.75 7.13 5.00 321 321 301 1 At Philadelphia. 2 At mills in Pennsylvania. 8 Net prices. 4 Western Union to 1835; includes Postal Telegraph, 1885 to date. 6 Figures for the years 1873-1SS2, inclusive, relate to the calendar years pre¬ ceding liscal year. 6 Figures until 1S89 include nonresident graduate students; figures for 1889 and later years are exclusive of nonresident graduate students. 7 Years 1820,1830, and 1850, ending September 30,1840, and 1851 to 1807, calendar years; 1869 to date, years ending June 30. I PROGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, 1800-1904. 119 I its Material Industries— Continued. COMMERCIAL FAILURES. POST-OFFICE STATISTICS. Receipts of Num- Amount of Post- Post-Office ber. liabilities. offices. Depart- ment. Dollars. No. Dollars. 903 280 804 2,300 551 684 4,500 1 111 927 8,450 1 850 583 13,468 4,543,522 18,417 5,499,985 : 19,796 6,410,004 20,901 5,1S4 527 22,320 5,240,725 23,548 24,410 6,642,136 25,565 6,920,822 4,932 291,750,000 26,586 7,353,952 1 4,225 95,749,000 27,977 7,486,793 j 3,913 64,394,000 28,539 7,96S, 4S4 ! 3,676 79,807,000 28,498 8,518,037 6,993 207,210,000 28,586 8,349,296 1,652 23,049,000 28,875 8,299,821 1 495 7,899,900 29,047 11,1C3,790 520 8,579,000 28,87S 12,438,254 530 17,625,000 20,550 14,556,159 1,505 53,783,000 23,828 14,388,9S6 2,780 96, 666,000 25,163 15,297,027 2,608 63,694,000 26,481 16,292,601 2,799 75,054,054 27,106 18,344,511 3,5-16 88,242,000 28,492 19,772,221 2,915 85,252,000 30,045 20,037,045 4,009 121,056,000 31,863 21,915,426 5,1S3 228,499,900 33,244 22,996,742 5,830 155,239,000 34,294 26,471,072 7,740 201,000,000 35,547 26,791,361 9,092 191,117,000 36,383 28,644,198 8,872 190,669,926 37,345 27,531,585 10,478 234,383,132 39,253 29,277,517 6,65S 98,149,053 40,855 30,041,983 4,735 65,752, OCO 42,989 33,315,479 5,582 81,155,932 44,512 36,7S5,398 6,738 101,547,564 46,231 41,876,410 9,184 172,874,172 47,858 45,508,693 10,968 226,343,427 50,017 43,325,959 10,637 124,220,321 51,252 42,560, S44 9,834 114,641,119 53,614 43,948,423 9,634 167,560,944 55,157 48, S37,609 | 10,679 123,829,973 j 57,376 52,695,177 10,882 148,784,337 j 58,999 50,175,611 10,907 189,856,964 62,401 60,882,098 12,273 189,868,638 04,329 65,931,786 10,344 114,0-14,167 1 67,119 70,930,476 15,242 346,779,8S9 68,403 75,896,933 13,885 172,992,856 69,805 75,080,479 13,197 173,196,060 70,064 76,983,128 15,0S8 226,096,834 70,360 82,499,208 13,351 1 154,332,071 71,022 82,665,463 12,186 130,662,899 73,570 89,012,619 9,337 90,879, SS9 75,000 95,021,384 10,774 138,495,673 76,688 102,35-t, 579 11,002 113,092,376 76,945 111,631,193 11,615 117,476,709 75,924 121,848,047 12,069 155,444,1S5 74,169 134,224,443 12,199 144,202,311 71,131 143,582,624 Telegraph messages sent.'* Number. News¬ papers and period¬ icals pub¬ lished. No. 9 359 9 861 1,403 2,526 4,051 PUBLIC SCHOOLS. Pupils enrolled. Number. Average daily at¬ tendance. Number. Salaries paid super¬ intendents and teachers. Dollars. Total ex¬ penditure. Dollars. 5,879,282 1 1 6,404,595 "’! .. 1 7,934,933 11 5,219 .1 1 9,157,640 6,871 6,871,522 4,077,347 37,832,566 G3,39G, 66G 10,646,077 6,056 7,561,582 4,545,317 42,580,853 69,107,612 12,444,499 6,519 7,815,306 4,658,844 45,935,681 74,234,476 14,456,832 6,875 8,003,614 4,745,459 47,932,050 76,238,404 16,329,256 7,339 8,444,251 5,050,840 50,7S5, G56 80,054,286 17,153,710 7,870 8,785,678 5,248,114 54,722,250 83,504,007 18,729,567 8,129 8,869,115 5,291,376 55,358,166 83,082,578 21,158,911 7,958 8,965,006 5,42G, 595 54,973,776 79,439,826 23,918, S94 8,340 9,438,883 5,783,065 56,155,133 79,083,260 25,070,1C6 8,703 9,504,458 5,870,077 54,639,731 76,192,375 29,215,509 9,723 9,867,505 6,144,143 55,942,972 78,094,687 32,500, OCO 10,267 10,000,896 6,145,932 58,012,463 83,642,964 38,842,247 10,611 10,211,578 6,331,242 60,594,933 88,3S0,466 41,181,177 21,196 10,051,828 6,652,392 64,798,859 9G,750,003 42,076,226 12,671 10,932,364 7, C55,696 68,334,275 103,212, S37 43,525,273 13,494 11,39S, 024 7,297,529 72,878,993 110,328,375 46,345,729 14,160 11,664,460 7,526,351 76,270,434 113,322,545 51,59-1115 14,706 11,884,944 7,631,806 78,639, S64 115,783,890 56,447,407 15,555 12,182,600 7,906,986 83,022,562 124,244,911 60,186,687 16,319 12,392,260 8,005,969 87,568,306 132,539,783 63,258,762 16,948 12,722,581 8,153,635 91,836,484 140,506,715 67,420,111 18,536 13,050,132 8,408,323 36,303,069 147,494,809 71,722,5S9 18,714 13,255,921 S, 560,603 100,298,256 155,817,012 76,843,052 20,006 ! 13,483,340 8,837,199 104,560,339 164,171,057 69,597,746 20,169 13,995,357 9,263,350 109,202,405 172,502,843 70,801,207 j 20,395 14,243,705 9,548,722 113,872,388 175,809,279 72,221,S9G 20,630 14,498,956 9,781,475 117,139,841 183,498,965 71,779,748 19,861 14,823,059 10,052,554 119,310,503 187,682,2G9 77,680,767 20,453 15,103,87-1 10,356,458 124,192,270 194,292,911 77,356,508 21,173 15,176,219 10,328,396 129,345,873 200,154,597 79,696,227 20,806 15,503,110 10,632,772 137,687,746 214,96-1,618 83,555,122 20,879 15,6S8,602 10,714,613 143,2S6,204 227,465,664 89,461,813 20,156 15,925,887 10,999,273 150,013,734 235,208,465 91,391,443 20,485 22,168 16,009,361 11,054,502 157,110,108 251,457,623 STUDENTS IN COLLEGES, UNIVERSITIES, AND SCHOOLS OF TECH¬ NOLOGY. 9 Men. No. Wo¬ men. No. Total 9 No. 1 . 44,926 46,220 51,163 5o, o05 59,814 62,053 65,143 64,662 67,018 67,505 72,159 75,472 78,133 82,394 10,761 12,185 13,507 15,530 18,098 19,071 21,721 21,543 23,470 24,880 26,764 27,879 39,258 25,987 Patents issued. 23,392 30,900 32,175 32,540 32,107 32,728 37,442 38,227 39,048 39,155 39,709 41,464 42,573 40,421 41,737 42,535 45,949 55,687 58,405 64,670 70,835 77,912 81,124 86,864 86,205 90,488 92,385 98,923 103,351 107,391 108,331 No. 473 993 872 1,019 961 1,844 2,013 2,505 2,890 3,695 4,504 4,778 3,329 3,532 4,184 5,025 6,616 9,458 13,026 13,410 13,997 13,333 13,056 13,613 12,804 13,599 14,837 15,695 14,187 13,444 13,213 13,947 16,5S4 19.267 22,383 20, ‘113 24,233 22,508 21,477 20,506 24,158 26,292 23,244 23,559 23,769 20,857 22,057 23,273 23,794 22.267 25,527 26,499 27,373 27,886 31,682 Immi-1 grants arrived. 7 Number. 8,385 23.322 84,066 310,004 379,466 371,603 368,645 427,833 200,877 195,857 246,945 119,501 118,616 150,237 89,724 89,007 174,524 193,195 247,453 10163,594 298,967 282,189 . 352,768 387.203 321,350 404,806 459,S03 313,339 227,498 169,986 141, S57 138,469 177,820 457,257 669,431 788,992 603.322 518,592 395,346 334.203 490,109 546,889 444,427 455,302 500,319 623,084 502.917 314,407 279,948 343,267 ICO, 832 229. 299 311,715 448,572 487.918 648,743 857,016 815,361 YEARS. .1800 .1810 .1820 .1830 .1840 .1850 .1851 .1852 .1853 .1854 .1855 .1856 .1857 .1858 .1859 .I860 .1861 .1862 .1863 .1864 .1865 .1866 .1867 .1868 .1869 .1870 .1871 .1872 .1873 .1874 .1875 .1876 .1877 .1878 .1879 .1SS0 .1881 .1882 .1S83 .18S4 .1885 .1886 .1887 .1888 .1889 .1890 .1891 .1S92 .1893 .189-1 .1895 .1896 .1897 .1893 .1899 .1900 .1901 .1902 .1903 .1904 9 Figures from 1S10 to 1860, inclusive, from census of 1880. 9 Returns for 1888. 79 Six months ending June 30. 11 Figures from 1869 to date from Rowell’s Newspaper Directory. 120 UNITED STATES IMPORTS AND EXPORTS, 1790-1904. 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Kom—Merchandise and specie ave^ombined in the columns at right of table for the purpose of showing the total inward and outward movement of values by years. COMMERCIAL CONDITIONS OF THE UNITED STATES COMPARED WITH THOSE OF OTHER PARTS OF THE WORLD. Comparing conditions in the United States with those of other parts of the world, it may be said that the United States has enjoyed its full share of the prosperity of the year. A comparison of the figures of our own commerce in the fiscal year 1904 with that of other countries is difficult, owing to the fact that the fiscal years of other governments in many cases do not correspond with that of the United States, and also to the delay in obtaining- figures of the imports and exports for recent periods. The table following (pp. 123-128) shows the imports and exports of the principal commercial countries of the world down to the latest available date, and furnishes a most satisfactory means of comparing commercial conditions in the United States with those of other principal countries of the world. 122 AREA AND POPULATION OF THE PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD, THEIR TOTAL FOREIGN COMMERCE AND COMMERCE WITH THE UNITED STATES; ALSO THEIR REVENUE, EXPENDITURE, INDEBTEDNESS, CURRENCY, STOCKS OF MONEY, AND PER CAPITA COMMERCE, INDEBTEDNESS, CURRENCY, ETC, [Table continued on page 124.] • COUNTRIES. AREA AND POPULATION. FOREIGN COMMERCE. COMMERCE UNITED WITH THE STATES. Area. Population. Popula¬ tion per square mile. Year. Imports. Exports. Excess of exports (+) or imports (—). Exports from United States to. Imports into United States from. Sq. miles. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Argentina. 1,135,840 4,794,000 4.22 1903 126,614,000 213,250,000 + 86,636,000 11,271,777 9,297,456 Australasia: Commonwealth. 2,972,573 3,772,000 1.27 1902 1203,644,000 1 213,713,000 + 10,069,000 l 28,101,784 = 13,845,001 New Zealand. , 104,751 788,000 7.52 1902 = 55,121,000 = 66,403,000 + 11,282,000 J Austria-Hungary. 241,333 45,405,000 • 188.14 1903 381,054,000 432,345,000 + 51,291,000 7,893,753 10,697,288 Austria. 115,903 ^26,151,000 225.63 Hungary. 2“ 125,430 19,254,000 153.51 Belgium. 11,373 6,694,000 588.59 1903 512, G79,000 407,295,000 — 105,384,000 45,853,856 24,072,641 Bolivia. 703,604 1,816,000 2.58 1902 5,587,000 11,076,000 Hr 5,489,000 76,926 1,731 Brazil. 3,219,000 14,334,000 4.45 1903 120,747,000 180,219,000 + 59,472,000 10,486,755 09,636,414 British colonies, n. e.s. 951,333 14,434,000 15.17 1902 475,370,000 280,744,000 — 194,626,000 57,886,757 22,875,024 Bulgaria. 38,0S0 3,744,000 98.33 1903 15 7SS 000 20 <858 000 4- 070 000 Canada. 3,018,710 6,457,000 1.79 31904 243,590,000 3» 177,833,000 65,757,000 131,234,985 51,552,791 Central America: Costa Rica. 23,000 313,000 13.61 1902 4,415,000 5,651,000 + 1,246,000 1,697,043 3,291,545 Guatemala. 46,774 1,647,000 35.21 1900 3,018,000 7,134,000 4- 4,116,000 1,128,418 2,190,145 Honduras. 46,250 775,000 16.76 1902 1,672,000 2,357,000 + 685,000 969,963 1,130,220 Nicaragua. 49,200 10 500,000 10.16 1902 2,170,000 4,061,000 + 1,891,000 1,360,686 1,858,729 San Salvador.... 7,225 1,007,000 139.38 1902 2,624,000 3,926,000 + 1,302,000 868,329 583,459 Chile. 279,901 3,051,000 10.90 1902 48,336,000 67,846,000 + 19,510,000 3,753,222 7,160,771 China. 1,532,420 407,253,000 265.76 1903 217,607,000 138,472,000 — 79,135,000 14,970,138 24,985,510 Colombia. 504,773 10 4,000,000 7.92 1S98 10,695,000 18,487,000 7,792,000 2,923,404 4,810,465 Cuba. 43,000 1,573,000 36.58 31903 58,826,000 77,849,000 + 19,023,000 21,761,638 62,942,790 Denmark. 15,360 2,465,000 160.48 1903 119,180,000 94,470,000 — 24,710,000 14,411,599« 686,915 Ecuador . 116,000 1 ; 204,000 10.38 1902 7,029,000 8,811,000 + 1,782,000 1,347,850 1,823,166 Egypt.v. 383,900 9,731,000 25.36 1903 82,811,000 96,584,000 + 13,773,000 744,260 9,052,419 Finland. 144,255 2,744,000 19.02 1902 51,573,000 41,150,000 — 10,423,000 ( 4 ) ( 4 ) France. 207,054 38,962,000 188.17 1903 926,632,000 820, G85,000 — 105,947,000 88,690,130 80,083,966 Algeria.. 184,474 4,739,000 25.69 1903 66,704,000 55,526,000 — 11,178,000 6 359,050 Tunis. 51,000 1,900,000 37.25 1903 16,137,000 13,780,000 — 2,357,000 French colonies, n. e. s. 3,375,602 26,427,000 7.83 1902 43,449,000 35,394,000 \ 8,055,000 2,398,660 627,391 French East Indies. 461,196 18,346,000 39.78 1902 42,387,000 41,074,000 — 1,313,000 62,361 3,873 German Empire. 208,830 58,549,000 280.36 1903 1,428,640,000 1,193,483,000 — 235,157,000 224,562,019 122,272,313 German colonies. 1,025,829 13,543,000 13.20 1902 10,193,000 5,264,000 — 4,929,000 102,639 27,032 Greece. 25,014 2,434,000 97.31 1902 26,485,000 15,375,000 — 11,110,000 369,919 1,299,144 Haiti. 10,204 1,294,000 126.81 1901 5,5C0,000 12,760,000 + 7,260,000 1,956,343 1,127,611 India, British 7 . 1,766,642 294,361,000 166.62 1902-3 278,054,000 409,535,000 + 131,481,060 4,866,683 51,831,065 Italy. 110,646 32,475,000 293.50 1903 359,358,000 292, £67,000 — 66,491,000 36,041,878 33,655,910 Eritrea (Massoua). 50,193 300,000 5.98 1903 1,744,000 787,000 957,000 Japan . 147,655 45,862,000 310.60 1903 157,933,000 142,411,000 — 15,519,000 | 20,874,887 45,510,70S Formosa. 13,458 2,706,000 201.07 ’ 1903 10,940,000 10,346,000 — 594,000 Si, 400 1012,000,000 142.18 1902 6,744,000 4 14° non 2 (502 000 257,130 Mexico. 767,060 13,515,000 17.65 »1903 74,690,000 83,366,000 + 8,676,000 =43,124,985 = 71,118,819 Netherlands. 12,563 5,347,030 425.61 1903 912,376,000 781,750,000 — 130,626,060 72,961,060 20,862,857 Dutch East Indies. 736,400 35,73G, 000 48.53 1902 72,545,000 95,102,009 + 22,557,000 1,597,299 14,212,864 Norway. 124,130 2,263,000 18.23 1903 76,670,000 46,531,000 — 30,139,000 ( s ) ( 8 ) Paraguay. 97,'722 636,000 6.51 1902 2,270,000 3,787,600 + 1,517,000 14,815 ' 3, S90 Persia. 628,000 i° 9,500,000 15.13 1902 23,703,000 13,243,000 , 10,460,000 Peru. 713,859 4,610,000 6.46 1903 18,412,000 18,774,000 + 362,000 3,471,135 3,265,3S6 Portugal. 36,038 5,429,000 150.65 1902 60,044,000 30,710,000 — 29,334,000 2,915,897 3,229,813 Roumania. 50,700 5,913,000 116.63 1903 52,095,000 68,637,000 + 16,542,000 202,735 113,093 Russia. 8,660,395 141,000,000 16.28 1902 308,5£S, 000 443,066,000 + 131,503,000 14,313,501 7,837,811 Santo Domingo. 18,045 610,000 33.80 1901 2,987,000 5,224,000 + 2,237,000 1,700,371 3,301,319 18,630 2,536,000 136.12 1902 8,650,000 13,920,000 4- 5,270 060 33,119 Siam. 233,000 5,000,000 21.19 1902 15,782,000 21,103,000 -f- 5,321,000 Spain. 191,78 3 18,618,000 95.58 1903 185,632,000 178,651,000 6,981,000 18,297,940 8,750,729 Sweden ... 172, S7G 5,199,000 30.07 1902 143,351,010 118,309,000 — 25,042,000 10,435,941 5,370,071 Switzerland. 15,976 3,356, COO 210.07 1903 230,860,000 171,485,000 — 59,375,000 413,718 21,155,994 Turkey. 1,115,046 24,932,000 22.36 1899-1900 107,873,000 68,821,000 — 39,052,000 562,956 6,694,007 United Kingdom. 121,371 41,961,000 345.73 1903 2,640,564,000 1,415,179,000 -i , 225,385,000 513,766,877 176,723,465 United States. =»3,025, GOO 80,372,000 26.56 31904 991,0S7,0C0 1,435,179,000 4 - 41), 092.000 Philippine Islands. 115,0C0 7,590,000 66.00 ! 31904 33,221,060 30,251,000 2,970,000 4,832, S00 12,006,934 Uruguay. 72,210 959,000 13.28 1903 25,958,000 . 38,587,000 + 12,629,000 1,901,651 2,573,431 Venezuela. 593,910 2,445,000 4.12 I 1898 8,560,000 14,900,000 + 6,340,000 2,736,726 6,609,919 Total. 41,461,529 1,508,959,000 . 12,126,943,000 10,720,551,000 -1,406,392,000 1,465,5S4,391 1,023,282,832 Note.— For explanatory notes see page 128. 123 124 FINANCE AND COMMERCE OF PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES Area and Population of the Principal Countries of the World, their Total Foreign Commerce and of Money, and Per Capita Commerce, [Tabic continued . COUNTRIES. Year, REVENUE A Revenue. ND EXPENDITURE. Expenditure. Excess of revenues (+) or expenditures (—). Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Argentina.' 9 1901 62,723,000 60,757,000 + 1,966,000 Australasia: Commonwealth. 9 1902-03 140,755,000 142,148,000 — 1,393,000 New Zealand. 9 1902-03 31,376,000 30,241,000 4- 1,135,000 Austria-Hungary. 11 1902-03 75,896,000 75,886,000 Austria. 11 1903 350,509,000 350,424,000 4* 85,000 Hungary..... 11 1902 220,672,000 221,649,000 - 977,000 Belgium...... 9 1901 122,657,000 116,500,000 + 6,157,000 11 1902 3,614,000 3,063,000 - 49,090 9 1901 137,295,000 99,366,000 + 37,929,000 British colonies, n. e. s. 9 1902-03 121,885,000 117,381,000 + 4,504,000 Bulgaria. 31 1903 18,917,000 18, S53,000 + 64,COO 9 1902 si 58,051,000 St 50,759,000 + 7,292,000 Central America: Costa Rica. 11 1902-03 2,820,000 2,812,000 4- 8,000 Guatemala... 9 1902 2,04C,000 2,169,000 - 123,000 Honduras .:. 9 1902 1,373,000 1,264,000 + 109,000 Nicaragua . 9 1901 2,403,000 2,393,000 + 10,000 San Salvador . 9 1902 3,281,000 3,274,000 + 7,000 9 1901 33,C84,COO 44,001,000 - 5,317,000 9 1901 <62,710,000 71,896,000 - 9,1S6,000 No data. No data, 9 1902 18,791,000 19,515,000 - 724,000 Denmark ... t ... 9 1902-03 20,306,000 20,792,000 - 486,000 Ecuador . 9 1901 6, 208,000 4,540,000 + 668,000 9 1902 60,051,000 56,511,000 + 3,540,000 9 1901 25,555,000 24,993,000 4- 562,000 9 1902 695,276,000 695,250, COO + 26,000 Algeria ..... 9 1902 28 10,899,000 S8 10,406,000 4- 403,000 Tunis ... 9 1901 6,15S, 000 6,481,000 - 323,000 u lorn m 19 28 17,100,000 19 23 17,100,000 French East Indies . ii 1902 23 12, 037,000 £3 12,031,000 + 6,000 German Empire ... 9 1901 495,853,000 553,222,090 - 57,369,000 German States. 9 1901-02 904,287,000 si 902,990,000 4- 1,297,000 11 1902-4)3 99 2,227,000 32 2,227,000 11 1903 14,664, COO 14,327,000 4- 337,000 11 1901-02 84 7,327,000 8‘ 7,341,000 - 14,000 India, British... 9 1902 371,531,000 346,440,000 + 25,091,000 9 1902-03 375,000,000 356,492,000 + 18,508,000 9 1901-02 133,0S9,000 132,895,000 4- 144,000 Formosa..... 9 1901-02 9,844,000 9,643,000 4- 201,000 11 1903 6,362,000 6,361,000 4- 1,000 9 1901-02 29,171,000 27,819,000 + 1,352,000 Netherlands... 9 1901 61,526,000 61,468,000 4- 58,000 Dutch East Indies. 11 1903 61,934,000 66,750,000 - 4,816,000 9 1901-02 27,000,000 27,259,000 - 259,000 li 1902 11,007,000 11,007,000 1898-99 19 7,300,000 * 9 7,300,000 9 1901 7,533,000 7,016,000 + 517,000 Portugal. 9 1901-02 57,336,000 62,170,000 - 4,834,000 Roumania........ 9 1901-02 42,114,000 3S, 906,000 + 3,208,000 9 1902 1,101,107,000 1,116,095,000 - 14,983,000 Santo Domingo..». 11 1902-03 1,910,000 1,722,000 4- 188,000 11 1902 13,619,000 14,086,000 — 467,000 u 1902-03 13,823,000 13,640,000 4- 1S3 0C0 9 1902 197,077,000 187,846,000 4- 9,231 f 00 9 1901 49,712,000 49,593,000 + 319,060 Switzerland... 9 1902 20,691,000 20,563,000 + 128, COO li 1897-93 81,450,000 81,089,000 4- 361,000 United Kingdom...... 9 1902-03 737^520,000 897, 7S0,_p0Q —160,264,090 United States... 9 1903 694,621,000 640,323,000 + 54,298,000 Philippine Islands. 9 1903 157326,000 14,2637000 + 1,063,000 Uruguay.. 9 1902 16,703,0C0 15,032,000 + 1,671,000 Venezuela. 9 1902 4,818,000 5,026,000 - 208,000 Total. 7,901,4S6,000 7,9S0,856,000 Note.—F or explanatory notes see page 128. FINANCE AND COMMERCE OF PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES. 125 Commerce myth the United States; also tiieir Revenue, Expenditure, Indebtedness, Currency, Stocks Indebtedness, Currency, etc.— Continued. on page 126. ] • Year. 1002 1903 1003 1003 1003 1CC2 1902 19C1 1002 1902-03 1302 1902 1903 1303 1903 1902-03 1903 1902 1SQ2 1903 1903 1903 1303 1503. 1903 1902 1902 1902 1903 1902 1902 1902 1902 1002 1S03 1902 1903 19C3 1902 1903 1902 1903 1903 1902 1903 1903 1903 1903 1903 1903 1903 1903 1903 DEBT. Funded. Crowns.... Crowns.... Crowns_ Francs .... Bolivianos £ Francs 6. £. £ . £ . £ . io 477, 212 , 55, 5,359, 3,026, 4,449, 2,77S, io 6, 42, 73, 10 S23, 12 271, 2 , 1, is 19, (£ 4 ) 13 17, 125, . 2 , 8SS,035 028,414 SD9,019 326,917 180,223 360,000 051,051 551, S31 423,817 906,192 462,090 S29,093 185,250 749,704 6SS,353 264,665 012,580 991, SCO 916,000 Kroner Sucres. Francs. Francs. is 176,327,250 8,634,560 102,896,100 134,182,784 29,225,099,623 Francs. 157,688,000 Marks . Marks. Francs. £ ... Lire Yen 3. Florins . Kroner. £ . Rubles . £ . Francs. Rubles. £ . Francs. 2,811,517,700 11,216,400,100 715,000, OC0 12,567,961 sc 207,758,012 33 12, C15, £94,000 502,226,140 175,353,315 1,137,110,676 Floating. £ 10,843,351 700,000 M 95,160,892 14,413,411 « 666,820,000 40,876,COO W 7,306,021 U 1,446,919,616 is 1, S69,618 Crowns. Crowns. Crowns. Francs. Bolivianos. Milreis. £ .. Colones. 8,535,564 31,270,680 io 1,142,412 11,263,466 9,676,628 i° 75,437,8S0 Pesos, paper. Pesos. Pesos. Pesos. Pesos. Pesos. 25 689,551 Kroner. io 68,591,8S4 3,273,9S4 Sucres. Francs... 1,120,529,400 Marks. Marks. sc 122, S24,600 46,125,100 Drachmas, paper. S.. Lire , Yen S3178,G24,062 ic =515,393,285 si 18,864,093 sc 651,988,000 « 23,591,416 Pesos... Florins . 3,812,400 4=15,000,000 262,598,311 43 2,031,936 32,500,000 (10) a 153,708,445 1,238,339,384 48 6,629,246,030 « 3,885,350 418,685,093 Pesos. £ . Milreis Francs , « 13,207,820 4,759, COO 60,541,141 176,000,000 7,311,393 i Pesetas. 60 10,680,777,056 Kroner. 01 346,693,044 Francs. 02 90,153,376 £ Turkish .. 139,510,187 £. 84 695,645,762 $. 914,541,410 Pesos. J Bolivars_■ 101,945,979 £ Turkish. £ . 8 . i S. Pesos. w 143,383,716 Bolivars i cs 24,836,494 85 102,703,428 10,470,227 6,000,000 w 21,228,902 88 112,241,399 Total in United States currency. Dollars. 479,765,265 1,084,605,444 275,439,126 1,107,464,025 739,020,208 1,038,585,000 544,052,979 6,180,602 540,693,936 S6S, 763,125 62,428,200 271,829,090 14,603,556 12,142,334 96,249,771 5,590,636 3,696,472 107,304,151 613,140,000 14,494,792 sc 66,033,849 5,746,628 =7 500,743,871 25,897,277 5,856,706,403 SO, 433,7S4 Rates of interest. 4 |- 6 3-5 3-5 3-4 3 - 54 3- 4 2f- 3 4- 5 4- 6 3- 6 5- 6 24- 5 21- 3 4- 8 5 -10 4-6 4-5 41- 5 4-8 II-.3 3-4 3|- 5 3-41 3-31 3-3 Interest and other annual charges (budget esti¬ mate).! Dollars. 35,021,820 41,979,208 9,251,114 50,910,903 34,279,394 1* 49,046,091 27,702,551 253, C61 23,917,043 ic 12,000,000 5,094,670 13,808, £65 so* 623,496 «* 704,621 10a 229 826 372,410 206,994 4,727,871 1= 30,452, COO Default. 2,184,254 393,01S 21,712,993 1,156,583 227,761,491 -698,849,400 2,6S7, C21,000 159,787,136 27,961,249 1,102,905,139 » 2,560,605,000 251,857,143 175,945,345 463,150,901 70,373,355 -45 11,223, SOS i 16,737,80S 23,159,700 819,SS6,580 272,774,501 3,414,061,734 26,219,449 80,806,223 2,061,389,972 92,833,336 17,400,567 723,125,400 3,885,166,333 M 925,011,637 6,000,000 127,362,827 49,335,647 34,633,164,106 8 - S| S - 4 21- 5 5-6 3-41 3- 5 4- 5 1,333,537 23,582,000 111,121,700 4,473,046 2,965,390 36,223,068 114,422,516 21,705,421 3-5 2J- 3 9,070,028 13,963, C05 3 - 3| 3 - 4V 6 3 - 41 4-5 3- 5 2J- 4 4- 5 4-5 3-4 3| 3|- 5 21 - 2 } 2- 5 4 Si- 5 3- 5 2,672,415 152,446 1= 1,000,000 22,709,806 16,6S3,131 151,113,6S8 Default. 3,748,400 80,390,654 3,207,960 ’ 888,036 28,420,900 138,376,412 28,556,349 240,000 6,741,800 Default. COUNTRIES. 1,417,532,295 Argentina. Australasia: Commonwealth. New Zealand. Austria-Hungary. Austria. Hungary. Belgium. Bolivia. Brazil. British colonies, n. c. 9. Bulgaria. Canada. Central America: Costa Rica.. Guatemala. Honduras. Nicaragua. San Salvador. Chile. China. Colombia. Cuba. Denmark. Ecuador. Egypt. Finland. % France. Algeria. Tunis. French colonies, n. e. s. ■ French East Indies. German Empire. German States. German colonies. Greece. Haiti. India, British. Italy. Japan. Formosa. Korea. Mexico. Netherlands. Dutch East Indies. Norway. Paraguay. Peisia. Peru. Portugal. Roumania. Russia. Santo Domingo. Servia. Siam. Spain. Sweden. Switzerland. Turkey. United Kingdom. United States. Philippine Islands. Uruguay. Venezuela. Total, 126 FINANCE AND COMMERCE OF PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES. Area and Population of tiie Principal Countries of the World, their Total Foreign Commerce and of Money and Per Capita Commerce, PEE CAPITA OF— COUNTRIES. Argentina. Australasia: Commmonwealth New Zealand. Austria-Hungary. Austria. Hungary. Belgium... Bolivia... Brazil... British colonies, n. c. s. Bulgaria... Canada..*... Central America: Costa Rica... Guatemala .. Honduras ... Nicaragua... San Salvador Chile.. •China. Colombia. Cuba. Denmark. Ecuador.. Egypt. Finland.... France. Algeria.. Tunis. French colonies, n. e. s_ French East Indies ... German Empire. G erman States..... German colonies... Greece.. Haiti.... India, British. Italy.. Japan... Formosa. Korea... Mexico... Netherlands.. Duteh East Indies. Norway. Paraguay... Persia. Peru.. Portugal. Eoumauia.... Russia.... Santo Domingo.. Servia. Siam... Spain. Sweden . Switzerland... Turkey. United Kingdom. United States... Philippine Islands. Uruguay . Venezuela. Total. Standard of currency. Imports. Exports. Debt. Interest. Revenue. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. 20.74 36.13 100.03 7.30 13.08 Gold 58 ®. 64.00 56.66 287.54 11.13 37.32 Gold. >69.95 84.27 349.54 11.74 39.82 Gold. 7.69 8.65 24.39 1.12 1.67 Gold. 28.26 1.31 13.40 Gold. 53.93 2.55 11.46 Gold. 68.64 55.52 81.28 4.14 ,18.32 Gold. 3.07 6.09 3.40 1 .14 1.99 Silver. 7.93 12.31 37.72 1.67 9.58 Gold 5S ». 32.21 19.45 25.55 .S3 8.44 Gold. 3.67 5.34 1C. 67 1.36 6.05 Gold. 41.19 35.95 49.81 2.53 10.64 Gold. 14.10 18.09 46.66 ' 1.99 9.01 Gold ss.. 18.33 43.32 7.37 .43 1.24 Silver 58 ®. 2.16 3.04 121.19 .30 1.77 Silver. 4.37 6.49 11.18 .74 4.81 Silver 58 ®. 2.60 3.89 3.67 .20 3.26 Silver. 15.84 22.23 35.17 1.55 12.68 Gold. . 4S .33 1.50 .07 .15 Silver. 2.67 4.62 3.62 Gold 58 ®. 37.40 49.50 11. 95 Gold. 47.35 34.78 26.61 .89 8.24 Gold. •5.84 7.32 4.77 .33 4.32 Gold. 7.52 8.94 61.44 2.2S •6.17 Gold. 16.47 14.26 9.44 .ao 9.31 Gold. 21.76 21.06 150.32 5.85 17.85 Gold. 13.55 12.83 2.29 Gol d. 6.57 3.97 16.02 .70 S. 24 Gold. 1.77 1.36 .65 2.29 2.22 1 Stiver. 22.89 19.02 11.91 .40 8.47 Gold. 45.90 1.89 15 44 . G6 .33 .16 SilveT. 10.60 6.35 65.65 1.84 6.02 Gold 58 ®. 4.25 9.86 21.61 2.16 6.66 Gold 58 ®. .86 1.38 3.74 .12 1.26 Gold. 10.55 8.75 78.85 3.52 11.54 Gold. 2.95 2.77 5.71 .47 2.20 Gold. 1.86 2.54 3. £4 .56 .35 1 .45 '5.51 6.51 12.99 .67 2.15 Silver .. 162.20 137.08 86.62 2.61 11.50 Gold. 2.43 2.76 1 73 Gold . 34.37 20.19 31.09 1.18 11.93 Gold. 3.57 6.95 17.65 .24 17.31 Silver 58 ®. 2.50 1.39 1.76 .11 .77 Silver. 4.67 3.89 5.02 1.63 11.06 5.66 151.02 4.18 10.56 Gold 58 ®. 9.25 12.40 46.13 2.82 7.12 Gold. 2.16 2.78 24.21 1.07 7.81 Gold. 4.80 •8.57 42.28 3.13 3.41 5.49 31.86 1.48 5.37 Gold. 3.15 4.22 2.76 Gold 9.43 8.66 110.72 4.32 10.58 Gold 58 ®. 25.89 20.22 17.86 .61 9.66 Gold.... 64.89 60.28 6.13 .25 6.16 Gold. 4.69 2.37 29.00 1.14 3.26 Gold.. ' 61.28 '32.87 92.59 3.29 17.57 Gold. 12.76 17.32 11.51 . 30 8.64 Gold. 4.34 4.36 .79 .03 1.40 Gold. 25.62 35.10 132.81 7.03 17.42 Gold. 3.50 6.09 20.14 1.97 Gold. . Note.—F or explanatory notes see page 128. FINANCE AND COMMERCE OF PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES 127 Commerce with the United States; also their Revenue, Expenditure, Indebtedness, Currency, Stocks, Indebtedness, Currency, etc.— Continued. STOCKS OF MONEY. 69 MONEY PER CAPITA. COUNTRIES. Gold. Silver. Uncovered paper. Total. Gold. Silver. Paper, Total. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. 25,000,000 290,600,000 315,600,000 6.21 60.62 65.83 Argentina. fAustralasia: Commonwealth, | 123,600,000 6 ,100,000 134,700,000 28.20 1.34 29.54 New Zealand, 233 ,000,000 81,150,000 46,600,000 410,700,000 6.23 1.78 1.03 9.04 Austria-Hungary, Austria, Hungary, 16,000,000 25,600,000 108,300,000 149,900,000 2.39 3.82 16.18 22.40 Belgium. 400,000 3,800,000 4,200,000 .22 2.09 2.31 Bolivia. 369 800 000 869 800 000 25.73 25.80 Brazil. « 37,500,000 37,900,000 so 4,700,000 to 80,100,000 66 4.31 co 4.36 60 .54 oo 9.21 British colonies, n. e. S, 1 ,000,000 4,900,000 1, COO, 000 6,900,000 .27 1.31 .27 1.85 Bulgaria. 33,800,000 6,700,000 56,900,000 97,400,000 6.19 1.23 10.43 17.85 Canada. [■Central America: Costa Rica. Guatemala. 2 ,000,000 7,000,000 SO, 200,000 39,200,000 .47 1.65 7.12 9.24 Honduras. Nicaragua. * San Salvador. 9,500,000 2,900,000 SO, 700,000 43,100,000 3.11 .95 10.06 14.12 Chile. 750,000,000 750,000,000 1.84 1.84 China. 2 ,000,000 370,000,000 372,000,000 .50 92.50 93.00 Colombia, 2 ,000,000 1,500,000 3,500,000 1.27 .95 2.22 Cuba. • 15,500,000 6,900,000 7, S00,000 29,200,000 6.29 2.39 3.16 11.84 Denmark. 2,600,000 1,300,000 300,000 4,200,000 2.15 1.08 • 25 3.48 Ecuador. SO, 000,000 6,400,000 36,400,000 3.08 .66 3.74 Egypt. 4,100,000 600, COO 9,100,000 13, S00,000 • 1.49 .22 3.32 5.03 Finland. 947,700,000 419,800,000 158,200,000 1,525,700,000 24.32 10.77 4.C6 39.15 France. Algeria, 1 Tunis. 1 French colonies, n. e. 8. I 1 French East Indies. 761,500,000 207,500,000 1S4,100,000 1,155,100,000 13.04 3.54 3.14 19.73 German Empire. German States. German colonies. « 200,000 1,500,000 48,700,000 50,400,000 .09 .01 20.01 20.71 Greece. 1 ,000,000 2 ,200,000 3,500,000 6,700,000 .77 1.70 2.70 5.17 Haiti. 63,200,000 515,800,000 32,400,000 611,400,000 .21 1.75 .11 2.07 India, British. 107,700,000 37,700,000 171,300,000 316,700,000 3.31 1.16 5.28 9.75 Italy. 62,600,000 30,400,000 61,300,000 154,300,000 1.36 .66 1.34 3.36 Japan. Formosa. t _ Korea. 8,600.000 100 ,000,000 54,000, COO 16S, 600,000 .63 7.83 3.99 12.45 Mexico. 21,300,000 56,600,000 20,800,000 98,700,000 3.9S 10.59 3.89 18.46 Netherlands. 62 22,600,000 '62 22,600,000 .63 Dutch East Indies. 8 ,200,000 3,500,000 7,900,000 19,600,000 3.62 1.55 3.49 8.66 Norway. 100,000 10,500,000 10,600,000 .16 16.51 16.67 Paraguay. Persia. 3 900 000 2,900,000 6,800,000 .85 .63 1.48 Peru. 5,300,000 6,500,COO 63,000,000 74,800,000 .98 1.20 11.60 13.78 Portugal. « 14,300,000 . « 800,000 8 ,100,000 «i 23,200,000 2.42 .14 1.37 3.92 Roumania. 74 fi 200 000 104 600,000 850,800,000 5.29 .74 6.03 Russia. 2 ,200,000 4,200,000 6,400,000 3. 60 6.89 10.49 Santo Domingo. 1,900,000 1,700,000 4,300,000 7,900,000 .75 .67 1.70 3.12 Servia. 1 ,000,000 193,000,000 2, COO, 000 196, COO, 000 .20 38.60 .52 39.32 Siam. 75,800,000 173,700,000 142,900,000 392,400,000 4.07 9.33 7.68 21.08 Spain. 17,800,000 7,000,000 29,000,000 63,800,000 3.42 1.35 5.58 10.85 Sweden. 29,900,000 10,700,000 20,700,000 61,300,000 8.91 3.19 6.17 IS. 27 Switzerland. fSO 000 000 40 000,000 90,000,000 2.01 1.60 3. G1 Turkey. 548,100,000 116,800,000 117,900,000 782,800,000 13.06 2.78 2.81 18.65 United Kingdom. «*1,219,600,000 «* 659,800,000 63 459,300,000 63 2,368,700,000 15.55 8.21 6.71 29.47 United States. « 29,400,000 «* 29,400,000 3.87 3.87 Philippine Islands. 15,500,000 4,300,000 9,700,000 29,500,000 16.16 4.48 10.12 S0.7G Uruguay. 20,600,000 2,600,000 600,000 23,800,000 8.42 1.06 .25 9.73 Venezuela. 5,355,000,000 3,680,700,000 2,963,600,000 11,999,300,000 1 . 1 Total. 123 FINANCE AND COMMERCE OF PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES t EXPLANATORY NOTES. 1 Exclusive of intercolonial commerce, but including gold and silver. 2 Including gold and silver. 2 »Not included in total. 8 Year ending June 30. s» Exclusive of gold-bearing quartz, dust, nuggets, etc., also metallic silver con¬ tained in ore, concentrates, etc. 4 Included under Russia. 6 French Africa. 6 Includes French possessions in India and French Indo-China, viz, Cochin China, Tonkin, Anam, Cambodia, and Laos. 7 Including area and population of the feudatory States. 8 Included under Sweden. Exclusive of Alaska and Hawaii. 0 Actual receipts and expenditures. 10 Of which §54,347,831 constituted the internal debt. 11 Budget estimate. 12 Of which 5,284,020 crowns was paper money. 13 Includes outstanding arrears, 487,261,000; treasury bonds, 14,475,000, and debts of various ministries, 165,081,000 crowns. n Includes, besides the interest on the public debt proper, payments in reduction of the land-redemption bonds, 17,614,266; payments in reduction of tithes (dime des vignes), 86,000, and interest payments to guaranteed railways, 27,356,467 crowns. 16 External debt. 10 Internal debt. 17 Includes the debt classed as “internal,” the floating debt proper, and the paper circulation. The value of the milreis has been taken as equivalent to 23.1 cents. 18 Treasury and deficiency bills of the Cape of Good Hope government. 78 Estimated. 20 Exclusive of the East Rumelian tribute of 2,051,000 francs per year, for which no capital value has yet been fixed. 20a Default on the foreign debt. 21 From and on account of the consolidated fund. 22 Net. The gross debt amounted in 1902, June 30, to $366,358,477, of which $120,392,028 was not funded. Against the gross debt there were $91,529,387 of assets, $50,874,000 constituting the sinking fund. 23 Including arrears of interest amounting to £14,289,783. 24 Converted into securities of the Salvador Railway Company, in consideration of an annual subsidy of £24,000. 86 Exclusive of the total paper currency, 655,789,176 pesos, in 1903. No attempt has been made to express this amount in terms of United States currency, the gold premium in that year reaching as high as 25,000 percent. 26 Total gross debt, against which assets amounting to $27,962,901 were held by the Treasury. 27 Against which reserve funds amounting to $40,221,000 were held in the begin¬ ning of 1903. 23 Local budget only, exclusive of subsidies and other expenditures of the home government in the interests of the colony. 25 Includes 120,000,000 marks of treasury note3 and 2,824,500 outstanding arrears of interest. 30 Exclusive of transfers from the Imperial treasury, appearing in the budget of the Empire. 31 Exclusive of contributions to the Imperial treasury, appearing in the budget of the Empire. 82 Exclusive of subventions paid by the Imperial Government to the extent of $6,443,000. 83 Paper debt, including forced currency loans; value of the currency drachma taken as equivalent to 12.2 cents. 81 Largely in depreciated paper. 85 Of which $4,737,783 was in paper. 88 Of this total, 1,161,913,883 rupees represent the permanent debt in India, and £130,307,090 the permanent debt in England. 87 Of this total, £4,000,000 represents India council bills, and 216,961,391 rupees the miscellaneous obligations of the Indian government. 33 Includes the consolidated and redeemable debts. 82 Includes ordinary treasury bonds, notes of the State bank, advances of the banks of issue. 40 Against this total the treasury held bonds and securities valued at 166,039,000 lire, making the net debt=$2,528,559,000. 41 Including 1,591,416 yen of treasury notes. 42 Paper money. 43 Of which £1,116,686 were arrears of guarantee payments due to the Paragua¬ yan Central Railway. 44 Includes, besides the internal debt proper, 12,570,000 pesos of circulating notes. The value of the currency peso has been taken as equivalent to 10 cents. 45 There are besides outstanding the debts due to Brazil, 9,876,500 pesos, and to Argentina, 12,393,600 pesos. 40 The foreign debt, amounting, in 1890, to £31,579,080, exclusive of arrears of in¬ terest of £22,998,651, was assumed in that year by the Grace-Donahue Com¬ pany on concession of the railways, and certain rights over guano deposits, mines, and lands in Peru for sixty-six years. 47 Of which £41,508,645 are reported to be in the hands of the Government. 43 Of which 3,019,522,636 was in gold rubles or in terms of foreign currency, and 3,579,723,450 rubles in terms of Russian currency. This total does not in¬ clude about 550,000,000 rubles of credit notes in circulation, more than fully covered by the metallic reserve of the Bank of Russia. 40 Secured by customs duties and specially assigned revenues, the collection of which is controlled by the Santo Domingo Improvement-Company, of New York. 60 Of which 9,661,484,956 pesetas were classed as “internal” debt. 61 Practically all contracted for the purpose of construction of railways. 62 Total liabilities of the Federation, exclusive of the railway debt. 53 Mainly balance of the Russian war indemnity. 54 Represents the funded debt proper and the estimated capital liability in re¬ spect to terminable annuities. 63 Unfunded debt proper and total capital liabilities contracted under various aets. 68 The item in the column “ Funded debt” is the total interest-bearing debt of the United States. The item in the column “Floating debt” represents all the remaining indebtedness of the United States, less the cash and other immediately available resources in the Treasury. 67 External debt, including arrears. 58 Internal debt, including arrears. 38 » On a paper basis. 62 The value of the monetary stock of silver-standard countries has not been changed to conform to the decline in silver values. The monetary stock of Mexico and other countries where theMexican dollar circulates is given in terms of Mexican dollars. Data furnished by the Director of the Mint. 00 Stocks of money in British South Africa and the Straits Settlements, with an estimated total population of 8,700,000. 01 Stock in banks according to the Economiste Franyais (January, 1902). 02 Amount of notes of the “Java Bank” outstanding on March 1,1901. 03 Figures furnished by the Director of the Mint as per date June 30,1903. tr Estimated on the basis of information contained in the report of the Chief of the Bureau of Insular Affairs, War Department, for the year 1903. Bolivia; -Boliviano! Brazil: Milreis! Note.— United States equivalents of the following monetary units: Argentina: Paper peso (1902) =44.41 cents. (-(1901) =44.6 cents. "*1(1902) =39.5 cents, f (1801) =23.1 cents. S \(1902) =22.4 cents. Costa Rica: Colon (1902) =46.5 cents. Greece: Paper drachma (1902) =12.2 cents. Guatemala: Paper peso (1902) =11.6 cents. Honduras- Peso^ 1901 ^ 43 " 1 cents ‘ Honduras. i ' eso l(190 2) =38 .2 cents. f(1901)=43.1 cents. *\(1902) =38.2 cents. San Salvador: Peso (1902) =38.2 cents. Ecuador: Sucre=48.665 cents. Mexico: Peso (1902)=44.1 cents. Paraguay: Paper peso (1902)=10 cents, Siam: Tical (1902) =35 cents. Persia: Cran (1902)=S.49 eents. Nicaragua: Peso. 1