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 London County Council. 
 
 
 
 ROYAL COMMISSION ON GOVERNMENT 
 OF LONDON. 
 
 Return showing Powers and Expenses which run throughout the adminis- 
 trative County of London; and those which do not extend to the 
 
 City of London. 
 
 [Ordered by the Special Committee on London Government to be printed 29th March, 1893. ] 
 
 County Hatt, 
 Sprinc GARDENS, 
 
 24th June, 1898. 
 
 (6321) 
 
 [1 
 
 
 

 
 a1 
 
 Se) 
 
 6. 
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 . Powers transferred by the Local Government Act, 1888, from the Metropolitan Board 
 
 of Works to the London County Council, and which extend to the whole area 
 of the Administrative County of London 
 
 . The manner in which the Local Government Act, 1888, dealt with the administrative 
 
 business of the Justices within the area of the present County of London and 
 in the City of London; and with the county business vested by various Acts 
 after the Act of 1855 in the Metropolitan Board ., 
 
 Powers conferred on the London County Council by Acts of Parliament since 1888 
 and list of protective clauses inserted at the instance of the London County 
 Council in Local Acts of Parliament affecting London .. oe 
 
 Certain minor Powers now vested in bodies other than the London County Council, 
 which might with advantage be concentrated in the central body 
 
 Expenditure in respect of the powers of the London County Council, which is payable 
 out of tle County Fund for general County purposes, and, therefore, 
 chargeable on all parishes in the Metropolis, inclusive of the City 
 
 Powers of the London County Council exercised in the County, but stayed in respect 
 of the area of the City a a oa oe 
 
 . Powers of the London County Council exercised over and limited to the area of the 
 
 County outside the City, and the correlative powers extant within the City; 
 together with the expenditure in respect of those powers, distinguishing the 
 expenditure chargeable on the ratepayers, and that paid out of other sources. . 
 
 . Summary of the preceding statement with special reference to the correlative 
 
 expenditure of the London County Council and the City authorities, to illustrate 
 the present operation of the exemption now given to the City parish rate- 
 payer under Section 41 (3) of the Act of 1888 .. eA 2 + ee 
 
 . Cost of certain concurrent services paid for by the Corporation of London and by the 
 
 London County Council respectively. ¥ 24 es ee s os 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 PAGE. 
 
 6-11 
 
 
 
 12-19 
 
 20 
 
 22-23 
 
 24-26 : | 
 
 58-59 
 
 60 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
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 EXPLANATORY NOTE. 
 
 In the application of the Local Government Act, 1888, to the Metropolis, 
 
 no attempt was made to deal with the general reform of Metropolitan 
 Government. The Vestries and District Boards created by the Metropolis 
 Management Act, 1855, were only affected in a few minor particulars ; and 
 the Metropolitan Asylums District Board, the Boards of Guardians or other 
 poor law authorities, the London School Board, the Thames and Lea Conservancy 
 Boards, the Burial Boards, the Commissioners of Baths and Wash-houses, 
 and Public Libraries, the Police Force, the gas and water companies and other 
 bodies exercising powers or functions of a more or less municipal character 
 were unaflected altogether. The great changes effected in the Metropolis by 
 the Act of 1888 were the creation of the County of London, and the constitu- 
 tion of a directly elected county authority on municipal lines—the London 
 County Council, to which was transferred (1) the administrative business 
 which formerly devolved upon the Justices in Quarter Sessions and out of 
 Sessions, of the counties in which the Metropolis then lay, and (2) the 
 powers formerly possessed by the Metropolitan Board of Works. The area of 
 the administrative County of London is the area of the Metropolis as defined 
 by the Metropolis Management Act, 1855, that is to say, it consists of the 
 City of London, and the parishes and places mentioned in the Schedules to the 
 Act. The Local Government Act declares (s. 40) that on and after the 
 appointed day the Metropolis shall be an administrative county for the 
 purposes of the Act by the name of the administrative County of London. 
 ‘An administrative county is an area for which a County Council is elected 
 (s. 100). 
 The City of London, however, was a county of itself, and for non- 
 administrative purpeses it continues to be so, and was unaffected by the Act ; 
 and the remaining portion of the area of the Administrative County of 
 London was for non-administrative purposes constituted the County of London. 
 The Act declares (s. 40 (2)) that such portion of the Administrative County of 
 London, as forms part of the Counties of Middlesex, Surrey and Kent (that is 
 the whole of the Metropolis except the City), shall be severed from those 
 counties and form a separate county for all non-administrative purposes by 
 the name of the County of London. 
 
 There are thus three areas which, for certain purposes, must be regarded 
 as distinct :—1. The Administrative County of London; 2. The County of 
 London; and 3, The City of London. If the County and the City of London 
 were one for all administrative purposes, then the only problem for the 
 Commissioners to solve, would be how best to amalgamate the County and 
 the City of London as regards non-administrative matters, and looking to the 
 terms of the reference, that is the most important question to be considered ; 
 but it is not the object of this Return to throw light upon that question. 
 It only deals with the anomalous state of things as regards administrative 
 authority in the Metropolis, and shows, by tabular comparison of expenses, 
 and otherwise, some, at any rate, of the disadvantages which result therefrom. 
 
 It was one of the principal objects of the Local Government Act to 
 transfer to the newly constituted bodies, the County Councils, the adminis- 
 trative business of Justices in Quarter Sessions and out of sessions. In 
 applying the Act to the Metropolis this was done as regards the administrative 
 powers of Justices within the area of the County of London (not the adminis- 
 trative County of London), but the Court of the Lord Mayor and Aldermen 
 sn the Inner Chamber is the Court of Quarter Sessions, and the members of 
 it are the Justices of the City of London, and in the case of those Justices the 
 transfer made by the Act was, with very few exceptions, not to the County 
 Council but to the Common Council of the City, which for practical purposes 
 was no transfer at all. For the Act provided (s. 41 (1)) that such of the 
 powers, duties, and liabilities of the Court of Quarter Sessions and 
 Justices of the City of London as would if the City were a 
 Quarter Sessions borough, with a population exceeding 10,000, be 
 exercised by virtue of that or any other Act by the Council 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 il 
 
 of the borough should be transferred to the Common Council of the 
 City, and, in this way, the administrative powers of the London County 
 Council were curtailed within the City (which is nevertheless part of the 
 Administrative County of London) by the transfer to the Common Council 
 of the City of the powers under many Acts, which outside the City, are vested 
 in the County Council. 
 
 It was further enacted, by the Act of 1888 (s. 41 (8)), that, except when 
 expressly provided by the Act, the parishes in the City of London should not 
 be liable to be assessed to county contributions in respect of costs incurred by 
 the County Council for any purpose to the cost of which the Common Council 
 of the City was not formerly liable to contribute, when they -were incurred by 
 the Metropolitan Board of Works or the Quarter Sessions of Middlesex. 
 
 It will be convenient to give a few words of explanation with regard to 
 each part of the following return :— 
 
 Part 1 contains an abstract of the powers inherited by the London 
 County Council from the Metropolitan Board of Works, in so far as they 
 extend over the whole area of the Administrative County of London, or are 
 of such a nature that the exercise of them is regarded as conferring a common 
 benefit upon the whole Metropolis. 
 
 Part 2 shows in a tabular form the manner in which the Act of 1888 
 dealt with the administrative business of the Justices, both in sessions and 
 out of sessions, within the area of the new County of Losdon, and also 
 with the administrative business of the Court of Quarter Sessions and Justices 
 of the City of London. It shows that while on the one hand a very large 
 amount of administrative business was transferred to the London County 
 Council from the County Justices, on the other hand, except in the case of 
 music and dancing licenses and certain powers as to a County Rate which 
 were never exercised, none of the administrative business of the City Justices 
 was transferred to the London County Council, although the City is within 
 the area of the administrative County of London. The result is that with 
 regard to many important matters, which are shown in Part 2, the powers of the 
 London County Council, which are exercised over an area outside the City, 
 containing upwards of half-a-million houses and a population of considerably over 
 four millions, are excluded from the small part of the administrative county 
 which consists of the area of the City, an area containing 5,340 houses and 
 37,705 inhabitants. Within that small area the same powers are in the hands 
 of other bodies. It will be observed that Part 2 deals with a few matters 
 which came to the County Council from the Metropolitan Board of Works, as 
 in the case of the Explosive Acts and the Petroleum Acts, but these 
 are all matters which everywhere else, except in London, were part of the 
 administrative business of the Justices, and in the City were vested in the 
 Court of Aldermen. 
 
 Part 3 shows the various powers which have been conferred by statute 
 upon the London County Council since its creation by the Act of 1888. A 
 schedule is appended of the Local Acts, into which the London County Council 
 as the central authority for the Metropolis has obtained the insertion of 
 protective Clauses, 
 
 Part 4 contains in tabular form a statement of certain minor powers and 
 duties which apply to and affect the whole Metropolis, but which at present 
 are vested in bodies other than the County Council outside the City, and 
 within the City in some one or other of the City authorities. 
 
 Part 5 is a table showing the whole expenditure of the London County 
 Council to which the City of London contributes. The matters to which the 
 City does not contribute are omitted, but a glance at the exceedingly varied 
 nature of the heads of expenditure will show to what a large extent Parlia- 
 ment regarded the City as interested in and benefited by the administrative 
 work of the London County Council. 
 
 Part 6 sets out the powers of the London County Council exercised 
 throughout the County of London, but stayed as respects the area of the 
 City. The nature of the powers are sufficiently fully stated to show their 
 importance. 
 
 Part 7 deals with those powers of the County Council which are limited 
 to the County of London outside the City. It also shows the correlative powers 
 within the City and the authorities in which they are vested. Further, it deals, 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
il 
 
 by way of comparison, with the expenses incurred in respect of the exercise 
 of these powers by the County Council ana by the authorities in the City. 
 
 Part 7 is practically a summary of Part 6, with special reference to the 
 correlative expenditure of the London County Council and the City Authorities. 
 
 Part 8 sets out certain expenditure of the City and of the County 
 Council in connection with the two separate establishments which it is now 
 necessary to maintain both for judicial and administrative purposes. 
 
 No attempt is made in this Return to set out the administrative effect of 
 the various legal powers referred to, but information on those matters will be 
 provided in another paper. 
 
 \a 
 
 
 
 om 
 
 
 
 
 
 (6321) B 
 
 
 

 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 ) ROYAL COMMISSION ON GOVERNMENT 
 Be OF LONDON. 
 
 
 
 i 
 
 P 
 
 | 
 
 | : x : Pky, 
 ‘ Return showing Powers and Expenses which run throughout the adminis- 
 | | trative County of London ; and those which do not extend to the 
 | S City of London. 
 
 f Ordered by the Special Committee on London Government to be printed 99th March, 18938: } 
 
 
 
 County HALL, 
 
 Sprina GARDENS, 
 
 2Ath. June, 1898. 
 

 
 
 

 
 : 
 \ 
 
 1.—Powerrs transferred by the Local Government Act, 1888, from the 
 Metropolitan Board of Works to the London County Council, and 
 which extend to the whole area of the Administrative County of 
 
 London. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Metropotis MANAGEMENT ACTs. 
 
 The Metropolis Management Act, 1855, 18 & 19 Vict. c. 120, is the Act under which the 
 board and the various vestries and district boards of London were constituted. The principal 
 duties of the Council under this Act are the formation and maintenance of main sewers ; control 
 over the construction of local sewers by vestries and district boards; control over the 
 formation of streets and the line of buildings therein; also over the naming of streets and 
 numbering of houses. The Council is further empowered by agreement with owners to make, 
 widen, or improve streets, and it is authorised to levy rates and to borrow money for all these 
 purposes. The expression the Metropolis throughout this Act includes the City of London. 
 
 The Metropolis Management Amendment Act, 1856, 19 & 20 Vict. c. 112, amends the last- 
 mentioned Act in certain particulars as regards the rating of occupiers, &c., and also authorises 
 the board to apply to Parliament for power to provide parks and recreation grounds for the 
 metropolis. 
 
 The Metropolis Management Amendment Act, 1862, 25 & 26 Vict. c. 102.—By this Act the 
 debt in respect of works executed by the Metropolitan Commissioners of Sewers in connection 
 with the Counter’s Creek, Ravensbourne, and Victoria-street Sewers, is settled and apportioned. 
 The mode of assessment upon the several parts of the Metropolis (including the City), of the 
 expenses of the Council is also determined. The Act contains provisions for preventing the con- 
 struction of sewers without the approval of the Council : for regulating the height of buildings, 
 and the width of streets. It also contains provisions with respect to the naming of streets and 
 numbering of houses. 
 
 The Metropolis Management Acts Amendment Act, 1875, 38 & 39 Vict. c. 33, deals with 
 exemptions from sewers rate, and is not now of practical value. 
 
 The Metropolis Management (Thames River Prevention of Floods) Amendment Act, 1879, 
 42 & 43 Vict. c. 198, empowers the Council to require owners of land and premises on the river- 
 side to do such works as may be necessary to prevent the overflow of the Thames within the 
 Metropolis, and in case of their default to do the work itself, charging them with the whole or 
 such part of the cost as it may think just. 
 
 Burtpine Acts. 
 
 The Metropolitan Building Act, 1855, 18 & 19 Vict. c. 122.—By this Act the Council is en- 
 trusted with the regulation and supervision of buildings in the Metropolis, the appointment of 
 district surveyors, &c. The powers of Part 2, as to dangerous structures in the City are vested 
 in the Commissioners of Sewers. 
 
 The Metropolitan Building Act Amendment Act, 1860, 23 & 24 Vict. c.52, provides that the 
 rules of the Act of 1855 with respect to cubical dimensions shall not apply to buildings used 
 wholly for the making of machinery and boilers, beyond the distance of 3 miles from St. Paul’s 
 Cathedral. 
 
 The Metropolis Management and Building Acts Amendment Act, 1878, 41 and 42 Vict. c. 32, 
 gives further powers to the Council with respect to the width of new streets, the construction of 
 theatres and music-halls. There are also provisions as to foundations of buildings and sites, and 
 sale of dangerous structures which do not apply to the City. 
 
 The Metropolis Management and Building Acts Amendment Act, 1882, 45 Vict. c. 14, gives 
 further powers to the Council with respect to new streets, new buildings which project beyond the 
 general line, temporary iron or wooden structures, neglected structures, and other matters. The 
 provisions of the Act as to obstructions in streets, requiring new streets to afford direct com- 
 munication, and as to temporary structures do not apply to the City. 
 
 Marin DrarInaGE ACTS. 
 
 The Main Drainage Act, 1858, 21 & 22 Vict. c. 104, extends the powers eranted to the board 
 by the Metropolis Management Act, 1855, for the -purification of the Thames and the main 
 drainage of the Metropolis. 
 
 The Thames Navigation Act, 1870, 33 & 34 Vict. c. 149.—By the 20th and following 
 sections of this Act the Council is required to keep the Thames free from any banks or other 
 obstructions to the navigation which may arise from the flow of sewage from the outfalls into 
 the river, and for this purpose is to dredge the river. Any difference between the Council and the 
 
 
 
 
 
2 
 
 Thames Conservators as to the cause of any obstructions, and as to the expense of removing 
 them, is to be settled by the Board of Trade. Expenses under the Act are chargeable to the 
 General County Rate. 
 
 The Hornsey Local Board Act, 1871, 34 & 35 Vict. c 129., provides for the conveyance of 
 the sewage of Hornsey into the main drainage system of London. In consideration of this 
 privilege the Hornsey Local Board is, besides paying the sum of £10,000, to contribute in future, 
 in proportion to the rateable value of the property in Hornsey, towards the amount required to 
 meet the principal and interest of the main drainage debt, and also the annual cost of maintaining 
 and working the main drainage system. 
 
 The Beckenham Sewerage Act, 1873, 36 & 37 Vict. c. 218., provides for the admission of the 
 sewage of a portion of the parish of Beckenham into the main drainage system. The Beckenham 
 sanitary authority was to pay to the board a sum of money, and moreover to contribute in future, 
 as before stated, in regard to Hornsey. 
 
 The Metropolitan Board of Works Act, 1874, 37 & 38 Vict. c. xcvii., is as to certain roads, 
 and miscellaneous works. The Act also provides for the admission of the South Hornsey 
 Sewage into the Metropolitan system upon terms. 
 
 The West Kent Main Sewerage Act, 1875, 38 & 39 Vict. c. 163.—By this Act a body called 
 the West Kent Main Sewerage Board is constituted, and is empowered to make a main sewer 
 from Beckenham to Dartford, with other works for the drainage of the districts through which 
 the sewer would pass. The Council is entitled to have a communication made into such sewer 
 from any metropolitan sewer, upon payment for the same. The Council is also authorised to lend 
 money to the West Kent Board. 
 
 The Lea Purification Act, 1886, 49 & 50 Vict. c. 109, makes provision for the sewage water 
 of Tottenham, after removal of the matter in suspension, passing into the Council’s sewers for a 
 limited period and under certain conditions. 
 
 Loans Acts. 
 
 The Metropolitan Board of Works (Loans) Act, 1869, 32 & 33 Vict. c. 102. This Act 
 authorised the board to create consolidated stock or annuities. 
 
 The Metropolitan Board of Works (Loans) Act, 1870 33 & 34 Vict. c. 24. empowered the 
 board to compound for the stamp duty chargeable on transfers of Metropolitan Consolidated 
 Stock by the payment to the Inland Revenue Commissioners of 7s. 6d. for every hundred pounds 
 of stock seven days after its issue. 
 
 Notr.—This payment was increased to 12s. 6d. by the Inland Revenue Act, 1880, 43 & 44 Vict. c. 20, 
 ss. 53 & 54. By the Customs and Inland Revenue Act, 1887, 50 & 51 Vict. c. 15, future compositions of 
 Stamp Duty are to be at the rate of 1s. per cent. per annum. 
 
 The Metropolitan Board of Works (Loans) Act, 1871, 34 & 35 Vict. c. 47, authorises the 
 board to raise from time to time, by the creation of stock, the money requisite for the payment 
 of the instalments of principal of the main drainage debt as they become due. Power is given to 
 trustees to invest in Metropolitan Consolidated Stock. The Act also empowered the Board to lend 
 money, with the consent of the Treasury, to vestries and district boards for works of permanent 
 improvement, and the loan of a further sum to the managers of the Metropolitan Asylums 
 District. 
 
 The Metropolitan Board of Works (Loans) Act, 1875, 38 & 39 Vict. c. 65, empowers the 
 board to raise money, not exceeding certain sums named in the Act, for its own requirements, and 
 also for lending to other local authorities in the Metropolis, up to 31st December, 1876. 
 
 Notr.—An Act similar to the iast-mentioned has since passed every year, empowering the Board and 
 the Council to borrow the money that will be required for various purposes during the succeeding year. 
 
 BRIDGE AND TUNNEL ACTS. 
 
 The Kew and other Bridges Act, 1869, 32 & 33 Vict. c. 19, provides for the incorporation 
 of a joint committee, to consist of six members of the board and six members of the corporation 
 of London, to free from toll certain bridges over the Rivers Thames and Lea beyond the limits of 
 the Metropolis, but within the area over which the London coal and wine duties are levied. The 
 committee is empowered to raise for this purpose £150,000 on security of the duties for the 
 year 1889. 
 
 The Kew and other Bridges Act, 1869, Amendment Act, 1874, 37 & 38 Vict. c. 21, empowers 
 the joint committee to raise an additional sum of £25,000 over and above the amount named in 
 he Act of 1869, for the purposes of that Act, and authorises the board to lend the joint com- 
 anittee any sum not exceeding £50,000. 
 
 The Metropolis Toll Bridges Act, 1877, 40 & 41 Vict. c. 99, requires the board to extinguish 
 the tolls on all the bridges over the Thames within the metropolis, and the bridge over Deptford 
 Creek, and the Council are empowered to maintain and repair the bridges. The county authorities 
 of Middlesex and Surrey are each to pay to the Council £1,200 a year as a contribution towards 
 the cost of maintaining the bridges. The board was empowered to borrow for the purposes 
 of the Act £1,500,000. 
 
 The Metropolitan Bridges Act, 1881, 44 & 45 Vict. c. 192, authorised the board to build new 
 bridges over the Thames at Putney and Battersea, in place of the existing bridges, to alter and 
 improve Vauxhall Bridge, and to reconstruct Deptford Creek Bridge 
 
 The Metropolitan Board of Works (Bridges, &c.) Act, 1883, 46 & 47 Vict. c. 177, empowers 
 the board to reconstruct Hammersmith Bridge, and to redeem from toll Hast and West 
 Ferry roads in the Isle of Dogs. 
 
 The Metropolitan Board of Works (Bridges) Act, 1884, 47 & 48 Vict. c. 228, empowered the 
 board to alter the situation of the new bridge at Battersea, authorised by the Act of 1881. 
 
 The Thames Tunnel (Blackwall) Act, 1887, 50 & 51 Vict. c. clxxii., empowered the board to 
 make a tunnel or subway for traffic across the Thames between Blackwall and Greenwich, with 
 approaches thereto, and the Council are now acting in execution of such powers. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 Embankment 
 
 3 
 
 THamMEs EMBANKMENT ACTS. 
 
 The Thames Embankment (North) Act, 1862, 25 & 26 Vict. c. 93, empowered the board to con- 
 
 Gardens (North) 12 acres. struct an embankment on the north side of the river from Westminster Bridge to Blackfriars 
 
 Embankment 
 
 Gardens (South) 1 acre. 
 
 Chelsea Embank- 
 ment Gardens 
 
 115 acres. 
 
 63 
 
 244, 
 
 Battersea Park 198 
 
 Kennington Park 193 
 Bethnal Green 
 
 Museum Garden 23 
 
 Leicester Square 
 
 Pimlico 
 Shrubberies il 
 
 —_——. 
 
 3 acres, 
 
 ” 
 
 ”? 
 
 ” 
 
 1 acre. 
 
 PI 
 
 
 
 Bridge, with approaches. The works are to be paid for out of the coal and wine duties, power 
 being given to the board to borrow £1,000,000 upon the security of those duties. 
 
 The Thames Embankment (South) Act, 1863, 26 & 27 Vict, c. 75, provides for the embankment 
 of part of the southern side of the river, in the parish of Lambeth ; £480,000 to be borrowed for 
 the purpose. 
 
 The Thames Embankment Amendment Act, 1864, 27 & 28 Vict. c. cxxxv., is an extension of 
 the last-mentioned Act. 
 
 The Thames Embankment (North and South) Act, 1868, 31 & 32 Vict.c. cxi., amends the 
 Acts of 1862 and 1863. 
 
 The Thames Embankment (Chelsea) Act, 1868, 31 & 82 Vict, c. cxxxy., authorises the 
 construction of an embankment and road between Chelsea Hospital and Battersea Bridge, the 
 cost to be defrayed out of the Thames Embankment and Metropolis Improvement Fund. The 
 board is also empowered to borrow, for the purpose of the works, the sum of £285,000. 
 
 The Thames Embankment (North) Act, 1870, 33 & 34 Vict. c. xcii., modifies the Thames 
 Embankment (North and South) Act, 1868. 
 
 The Thames Embankment (North) Act, 1872, 35 & 36 Vict. c. lxvi., placed the road along the 
 Victoria Embankment under the management and control of the board, now the Council. 
 
 The Thames Embankment (South) Act, 1873, 36 Vict. c. vii., transferred to the board the duty 
 of maintaining and lighting the wall of the Albert Embankment and the footway adjoining, and 
 they are now maintained and lighted by the Council. 
 
 The Thames Embankment (Land) Act, 1873, 36 & 37 Vict. c. 40, confirms an arrangement 
 made between the Commissioners of Woods and Forests and the board for the transfer to the 
 board of a portion of the land reclaimed from the River Thames by the Embankment, and vested 
 in the Crown, under the provisions of the Thames Embankment Act, 1862. The ground is 
 maintained by the Council as a public garden. 
 
 Street ImproveMENT ACTs. 
 
 (The powers of these Acts have expired, and the works have been completed; the titles and 
 caption of the Acts are therefore, except in one instance, only given.) 
 
 The Covent Garden Approach and Southwark and Westminster Communication Act, 1857, 
 20 & 21 Vict. c. cxv. 
 
 The Victoria Park Approach Act, 1858, 21 Vict. c. xxxviil. 
 
 The Metropolis Improvement Act, 1863, 26 & 27 Vict. c. 45, empowered the board to make a 
 new street from Blackfriars to the Mansion House, in continuation of the Northern Embankment, 
 and to borrow the sum of £1,000,000 for the works. 
 
 The Whitechapel and Holborn Improvement Act, 1865, 28 Vict. c. ili. 
 
 The Kensington Improvement Act, 1866, 29 & 30 Vict. ¢. cl. 
 
 The Marylebone (Stingo-lane) Improvement Act, 1868, 31 Vict. c. vil. 
 
 The Park-lane Improvement Act, 1869, 32 & 383 Vict. c Cxxxiv. 
 
 The Metropolitan Street Improvements Act, 1872, 35 & 36 Vict. c. clxiil. 
 
 The Charing Cross and Victoria Embankment Approach Act, 1873, 36 & 37 Vict. ¢. ¢. 
 
 The Metropolitan Street Improvements Act, 1877, 40 & 41 Vict. c. ccxxv. 
 
 The Metropolitan Street Improvements Act, 1877 (Amendment) Act, 1882, 45 & 46 Vict. c. 
 CCXX1L. 
 
 The Metropolitan Street Improvements Act, 1877 (Amendment) Act, 1883, 46 Vict. c xxiii. 
 
 The Metropolitan Street Improvements Act, 1883, 46 & 47 Vict. c. clxxviii. 
 
 The Metropolitan and District Railways (City Lines and Extensions) Act, 1879, 42 & 43 Vict. 
 c. cci., provides for the completion of the inner circle of railways in the metropolis, and for the 
 formation in connection therewith of a new street, and the widening of other streets in the city 
 of London. The board and the city authorities are empowered to enter into arrangements with 
 the two railway companies with respect to the construction and maintenance of the new street 
 and works. 
 
 The Knightsbridge and other Crown Lands Act, 1879, 42 & 48 Vict. c. CCxix. 
 
 Acts wnicn ENABLE THE PurcHASE OR ACQUISITION, AND MAINTENANCE OF CERTAIN 
 SPECIFIED PARKS AND GARDENS. 
 
 The Finsbury Park Act, 1857, 20 & 21 Vict. c. cl. 
 
 The Southwark Park Act, 1864, 27 Vict. c. iv. 
 
 The Victoria Park Act, 1872, 35 & 36 Vict. c. 53. 
 
 The London Parks and Works Act, 1887, 50 & 51 Vict. c. 34, transfers to the board the 
 management and control of Victoria Park, Battersea Park, Kennington Park, Bethnal Green 
 Museum Garden, Westminster Bridge, and the Grosvenor Road Embankment, all of which had 
 been previously maintained by the Commissioners of Her Majesty’s Works and Public Buildings. 
 
 The Leicester-square Act, 1874, 37 Vict. c. x. 
 
 GENERAL Parks AND GARDENS ACTS. 
 
 The Gardens in Towns Protection Act, 1863, 26 Vict. c. 18.—Under this Act any garden or 
 ornamental ground in the Metropolis (except in the city of London) set apart for the use of the 
 inhabitants, and not set in proper order, may be dealt with by the Council and vested in a 
 committee of the rated inhabitants, to be kept as a garden or ornamental ground. In the event 
 of the inhabitants not accepting the charge the Council is to place the garden under the vestry or 
 district board. 
 
 The Metropolitan Open Spaces Act, 1877, 40 & 41 Vict. c 35, authorises the Council to acquire 
 
 Forward 660 acres. and hold open spaces, such as gardens in squares, for the benefit of the public. 
 
 (6821) G 
 
 The Six Acta of 
 Parliament 
 included in 
 this and the 
 next follow- 
 ing sub-divi- 
 sion are so 
 included, be- 
 cause the City 
 contributes to 
 any expense 
 incurred un- 
 der such Acts 
 by the Lon- 
 don County 
 Counsil 
 
 
 

 
 Forward 660 acres. 
 
 These Commons and Open 
 Spaces are managed by 
 the Council, and are of 
 about the undermentioned 
 acreage :— 
 
 267 acres. 
 
 66 ” 
 
 bo 
 jor) 
 “I 
 by 
 
 bP 
 
 LOD RE 
 
 193i, 
 
 Given above opposite the 
 confirming Act of 1872. 
 
 53 acres. 
 
 
 
 Forward 2,445% acres. 
 
 4 
 
 ‘he Metropolitan Open Spaces Act, 1881, 44 and 45 Vict. ¢ 34, extends the operation of the 
 last-mentioned Act, and includes disused burial grounds among the open spaces which may be 
 transferred to the Council, the City, or to any vestry or district board, for the benefit of the public. 
 
 The Open Spaces Act, 1887, 50 & 51 Vict. c. 32, extends the provisions of the Metropolitan 
 Open Spaces Act, 1881, to burial grounds vested in the Council, and empowers the Council to acquire 
 Jand for public walks and pleasure grounds, and to contribute towards the cost of public 
 walks and pleasure grounds provided by other persons. 
 
 GENERAL Commons AND Oren Spaces Acts. 
 
 The Metropolitan Commons Act, 1866, 29 & 30 Vict. c. exxii., has for its object the 
 preservation of commons and open spaces in and near London. The Council may present a 
 memorial to the Inclosure Commissioners with respect to any common, any portion of which is 
 within the area of the county, and the Commissioners are thereupon to make enquiry and prepare 
 a scheme for its management, which scheme is to be confirmed by Parliament. 
 
 The Metropolitan Commons Act, 1878, 41 & 42 Vict. c. 71, gives the Council power to purchase 
 and hold, with a view to prevent the extinction of the rights of common, any saleable rights in 
 common, or any tenement of a commoner to which rights of common are annexed. 
 
 Sprcirric Commons Acts ConrrrmMInc Scuemes AND Conrerrixc Loca, Powers. 
 
 The Metropolitan Commons Supplemental Act, 1871, 34 & 35 Vict. c. lvii., confirms a scheme 
 prepared by the Inclosure Commissioners, under the provisions of the Act of 1866, for the 
 management of Blackheath. The heath is under the jurisdiction of the Council. 
 
 ‘The Metropolitan Commons Second Supplemental Act, 1871, 34 & 85 Vict. c. Lxiii., confirms 
 a similar scheme for Shepherd’s Bush Common. 
 
 The Metropolitan Commons Supplemental Act, 1872, 35 & 36 Vict. c. xliii., confirms a similar 
 scheme for the Hackney Commons. 
 
 The Metropolitan Commons Supplemental Act, 1873, 36 & 37 Vict. c. lxxxvi., confirms a 
 similar scheme for Tooting Beck Common, the manorial rights in which the board agreed to 
 purchase for £10,200. 
 
 The Metropolitan Commons Supplemental Act, 1877, 40 & 41 Vict. c. eci., confirms a similar 
 scheme for Clapham Common, the manorial rights in which the board agreed to purchase for 
 £18,000; anda scheme for Bostall Heath, the manorial rights in which the board agreed to 
 purchase for £5,500. (Bostall Woods have since been acquired ; they are 61 acres in extent.) 
 
 The Metropolitan Commons Supplemental Act, 1881, 44 Vict. c. xviii, confirms a similar 
 scheme for Brook Green, Eel Brook Common, and Parson’s Green. 
 
 The Metropolitan Commons Supplemental Act, 1884, 47 Vict. ¢. ii., confirms a similar scheme 
 for Streatham Common. 
 
 The Hampstead Heath Act, 1871, 34 & 35 Vict. c. Ixxvii., confirms an arrangement made by 
 the board with the lord of the manor of Hampstead for the purchase, for the sum of £45,000, of 
 his rights over Hampstead Heath, thus securing the ground for ever as a place of recreation for 
 the public. 
 
 The Hampstead Heath Enlargement Act, 1886, 50 Vict., c. xli., makes it lawful for the board 
 to acquire the land known as Parliament-hill, Parliament-fields, &c., near Hampstead Heath, for 
 the purposes of public recreation, and provides that contributions towards the cost may be made 
 by any vestry or district board and by the Charity Commissioners out of funds dealt with by the 
 City Parochial Charities Act, 1883. 
 
 The Plumstead Common Act, 1878, 41 & 42 Vict. c. cxlv., empowers the board to purchase 
 the estate and interest of Queen’s College, Oxford, in Plumstead Common and Shoulder-of-Mutton 
 Green. A portion of Plumstead Common is to be for ever kept open as an exercise ground for 
 troops, and in respect thereof the War Department is to pay the Board £4,000 as purchase money. 
 
 The Wormwood Scrubs Act, 1879, 42 & 43 Vict. c. clx., vests in the board the common 
 known as Wormwood Scrubs and certain land adjoining, to be maintained as a place of public 
 recreation, subject to the rights of user by the military forces. 
 
 The Metropolitan Board of Works (Hackney Commons) Act, 1881, 44 & 45 Vict. c. exlviii., 
 confirms an agreement made by the Board with Mr. W. A. T. Amherst, for the purchase of his 
 acreage and manorial rights over the Hackney Commons for the sum of £33,000. 
 
 The Clissold Park (Stoke Newington) Act, 1887,50 & 51 Vict. ¢. exxxvii., empowers the 
 Board and the Hackney District Board, or either of them, to purchase of the Ecclesiastical Com- 
 missioners the land known as Clissold Park. The Act provides that the land, if so acquired, 
 shall be kept open, uninclosed and unbuilt on, except as regards a portion, not exceeding two 
 acres, which the Stoke Newington Vestry is authorised to acquire for parochial purposes. 
 
 Fire Brieape Act. 
 
 The Metropolitan Fire Brigade Act, 1865, 28 & 29 Vict. c. 90, imposes on the Council the 
 duty of extinguishing fires and protecting life and property in case of fire in the administrative 
 County of London. The plant and property of the fire-engine establishment of the insurance 
 companies are transferred to the Council. The expenses of carrying out the Act are to be met 
 
 partly by contributions from the Government and the fire insurance companies, and partly by a rate. 
 
 Sanitary Acts. 
 
 The Contagious Diseases (Animals) Act, 1878, 41 & 42 Vict. c. 74, has for its object the 
 prevention of the introduction or spread of contagious diseases among cattle or other animals in 
 Great Britain. The local authorities are empowered to declare places infected, and are to appoint 
 inspectors to visit places where disease exists, and to cause all animals affected with pleuro- 
 pneumonia to be slaughtered, paying compensation to the owners. The good management of 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 a 
 

 
 5 
 
 Forward ,, 2,445} acres. cow-sheds, dairies, and milkshops is also provided for. The Council is the local authority for the 
 
 Dulwich Park 
 
 63 acres. 
 
 72 
 
 72, 
 
 Highbury Fields 27} ,, 
 
 Little Wormwood 
 
 Scrubs 50 
 
 22» 
 
 Ravenscourt Park 32 ,, 
 
 Wandsworth 
 Common .. 
 
 183, 
 
 Ladywell Recrea- 
 
 tion Ground.. 
 
 47 5 
 
 administrative County of London, and the City of London is required to pay its share of the 
 Council’s expenses in carrying out the Act. The powers of slaughter and compensation are by 
 the 53 & 54 Vict. c. 14, given to the Board of Agriculture. 
 
 The Contagious Diseases (Animals) Act, 1886, 49 & 50 Vict. c. 32, amends in certain 
 particulars the last-mentioned Act. Among other things it transfers to the Local Government 
 Board the powers vested by the Act of 1878 in the Privy Council with respect to cow-sheds, 
 dairies, and milkshops. 
 
 The Disused Burial Grounds Act, 1884, 47 & 48 Vict. c. 72, prohibits the erection of any 
 buildings upon a disused burial ground, except for the purpose of enlarging a place of worship. 
 The duty of enforcing the observance of this Act in the Metropolis (including the City) devolves 
 upon the Council, under sec. 56 of the Metropolitan Board of Works (Various Powers) Act, 1885. 
 
 GENERAL AND Sprcratr ACTs. 
 
 The Superannuations Act, 1866, 29 Vict. c. 31, enables the Council to grant pensions to 
 certain persons who were servants of the Board. 
 
 The Metropolitan Subways Act, 1868, 31 & 32 Vict. c. 80, authorises the Council to require 
 gas and water companies to place their pipes in the subways made for that purpose in the streets 
 
 ~ mentioned in the Schedule to the Act. 
 
 The Lea Conservancy Act, 1868, 31 & 32 Vict. c. cliv., is for the purpose of making better 
 provision for the preservation and improvement of the River Lea and its tributaries. It provides 
 for the incorporation of a conservancy board of thirteen members, one of whom is to be appointed 
 by the Council. 
 
 The Monuments (Metropolis) Act, 1878, 41 & 42 Vict. c. 29, places the Egyptian Obelisk 
 under the care of the Council, and empowers the Council to preserve that and other monuments on 
 the Thames embankments. 
 
 The Metropolitan Board of Works (District Railway Ventilators) Act, 1883, 46 & 47 Vict. 
 c. cxci., requires the the Metropolitan District Railway Company to close certain ventilating shafts 
 made in the public thoroughfares under the powers of the Company’s Act of 1881. 
 
 The Metropolitan Board of Works (District Railway Ventilators) Act, 1884, 47 & 48 Vict. 
 c. xcv., further modifies the ventilating shafts of the Company. 
 
 Various Powers Acts. 
 
 The Metropolitan Board of Works (Various Powers) Act, 1875, 38 & 39 Vict. c. clxxix., 
 sanctions the formation of new roads in the Savoy and at Finsbury Park. The Act also provides 
 for the acquisition and management of Tooting Graveney Common. 
 
 The Metropolitan Board of Works (Various Powers) Act, 1876, 39 & 40 Vict. c. Ixxix., 
 authorises (inter alia) a new street from Sun-street to Worship-street. 
 
 The Metropolitan Board of Works Act, 1877, 40 Vict. c. viii., authorises consolidation of 
 bye-laws, and contribution towards the cost of Sydenham recreation ground. 
 
 The Metropolitan Board of Works Indemnity Act, 1879, 42 & 43 Vict. c. 68, empowers the 
 board to pay the expenses incurred in promoting in the previous Session of Parliament two bills 
 relating to the water supply of the Metropolis. 
 
 The Metropolitan Board of Works (Various Powers) Act, 1882, 45 Vict. c. 41, authorises the 
 widening of Tooley Street, and the acquisition of Peckham Rye, Goose Green, and Nunhead 
 Green. 
 
 The Metropolitan Board of Works (Various Powers) Act, 1883, 45 Vict. c. lvi. authorises 
 certain street improvements and other matters. 
 
 The Metropolitan Roard of Works (Various Powers) Act, 1884, 47 & 48 Vict. c. ccexxiii, 
 authorises certain street improvements and other matters. 
 
 The Metropolitan Board of Works (Various Powers) Act, 1885, 48 & 49 Vict. c. clxvii., 
 (inter alia) authorises the construction of Rosebery Avenue, and the formation of Duiwich Park 
 and Highbury Fields. 
 
 The Metropolitan Board of Works (Various Powers) Act, 1886, 49 & 50 Vict. c. cxii., authorises 
 some new street improvements, and deals with certain open spaces and bridges. 
 
 The Metropolitan Board of Works (Various Powers) Act, 1887, 50 & 51 Vict. c. evi., authorises 
 street improvements, and confers various miscellaneous powers, including the acquisition of 
 Ravenscourt Park and Wandsworth Common. 
 
 The Metropolitan Board of Works(Various Powers) Act, 1888, 51 & 52 Vict. c. clvi., authorises 
 the widening of Church-street, Fulham, and the improvement of certain railway bridges, and 
 confers other powers, including the acquisition of Ladywell Recreation Ground. 
 
 2,964 acres were transferred from the Board to the Council. 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 2. The manner in which the Local Government Act, 1888, dealt with the 
 
 County of London and inthe City of London, and with the 
 
 Metropolitan Board. 
 
 Subject matter originally vested in 
 County Justices or 
 Metropolitan Board of Works. 
 
 1 
 
 Duties transferred to the 
 London County Council by Local 
 Government Act, 1888. 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 Correlative powers to those in 
 Column 1, originally vested in 
 Justices of the City of London or 
 Court of the Mayor and 
 Aldermen in the Inner Chamber. 
 3 
 
 
 
 Making, assessing and _ levying 
 County rates. The basis or standard 
 for the County rate in the whole 
 Metropolis, including the City, is 
 the valuation made under the 
 Valuation Metropolis Act, 1869, 
 (32 & 33 Vict., c. 67, s.45). Two 
 of the City Justices are members 
 of the Court of General Assess- 
 ment Sessions under the Act. (J.) 
 
 Power to borrow money. (J.)  .. 
 
 Appointment, salary, and accounts 
 of the County Treasurer and 
 
 other officers. (J.) 
 
 Erection of shire halls, county 
 halls, assize courts, Judges’ 
 lodgings, lock-up houses, court 
 houses, Justices’ rooms, police 
 stations, and county buildings, 
 works and property. (J.) 
 
 Licenses for music and dancing. (J.) 
 
 Lunatic asylums. (J.) An As 
 
 Reformatory and industrial schools 
 
 (J.) 
 
 County Bridges (J.) x : 
 
 
 
 The whole transferred to the 
 Council, as stated in column 1. 
 
 All the powers of Quarter Sessions 
 as to borrowing money for court 
 houses, county bridges, lunatic 
 asylums, reformatory and in- 
 dustrial schools, and other 
 purposes. 
 
 Council now appoint and pass the 
 accounts and give discharges to 
 County Treasurer. Also appoint 
 all officers other than Clerk of 
 the Peace and Clerks of Justices. 
 
 Council have, by Local Govern- 
 ment Act, 1888, full power to 
 acquire, hire, erect and furnish 
 halls, buildings, offices, &c., for 
 any of their powers and duties, 
 including those to be exercised 
 through the Standing Joint 
 Committee. 
 
 The Council now exclusively 
 exercise the power of granting 
 music and dancing licenses, and 
 licenses for race courses in the 
 county including the City. 
 
 Provision, enlargement, mainten- 
 ance, management, and visitation 
 of and other dealing with asylums 
 for pauper lunatics. These 
 powers are transferred to the 
 Council, but by virtue of Section 
 26 and 41 of the Local Govern- 
 ment Act the City is exempt 
 from any jurisdiction of the 
 Council in this matter. 
 
 Establishment and maintenance of 
 and the contribution to re- 
 formatory and industrial schools. 
 The Council are now the prison 
 authority for the purposes of the 
 Acts regulating reformatory and 
 
 industrial schools, but the City is 
 
 exempt from any jurisdiction of 
 the Council in this matter. 
 
 Repair, widening, and improve- 
 ment and maintenance of county 
 bridges. he liabilities at com- 
 mon law of the inhabitants of 
 the county, are now transferred 
 to the Council. 
 
 The powers as stated in column 1. 
 The City Justices do not levy 
 any county rate. 
 
 The powers, generally, of City 
 Justices as to borrowing. 
 
 No correlative powers in City 
 
 Justices. 
 
 No correlative powers in City 
 Justices. 
 
 The powers, as stated in column 1 
 
 The powers as stated in columns 1 
 and 2, 
 
 The powers as stated in columns 1 
 and 2. 
 
 County bridges, City Justices .. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 administrative business of the Justices within the area of the present 
 
 county business vested by various Acts, after the Act of 1855, in the 
 
 Left untransferred. 
 
 By the Act 2 and 3 Vic., 
 ce. 94, the Common 
 Council appoint a 
 Police Commissioner 
 for the City, and pay 
 all necessary expenses 
 of City Police. 
 
 Common Council have 
 built bridges over 
 Thames by powers 
 conferred by special 
 Acts of Parliament. 
 
 (6321) 
 
 
 
 
 
 ee ———oo 
 
 Or transferred by the Local Government Act, 1888, 
 
 to and vested in Common 
 Council. 
 5 
 
 or to and vested in City 
 Commissioners of Sewers. 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 For purposes of lunatic 
 asylums, reformatory 
 and industrial schools. 
 
 Lunatic asylums, reforma- 
 tory and industrial 
 schools, 
 
 Transferred to Common 
 Council. 
 
 Transferred to Common 
 Council. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 or to and vested in London 
 County Council. 
 Fi 
 
 For other purposes trans- 
 ferred by Secs. 41 (1) 
 (6) and 35 & 36 of the 
 L. G. Act, 1888, to the 
 London County Council. 
 
 All the other powers of 
 the City Justices as to 
 borrowing money (if 
 
 any). 
 
 Transferred to the London 
 County Council. 
 
 Transferred by (Secs. 35, 
 36 & 41) L. G. Ant, 
 1888, to the London 
 County Council. 
 
 ae 
 
 
 
2. The manner in which the Local Government’ Act, 1888, dealt with the 
 County of London, and in the City of London, and with the 
 Metropolitan Board—continued. 
 
 
 
 Correlative power to those in 
 Subject matter originally vested in Duties transferred to the Column 1, originally vested in 
 County Justices or London County Council by Local | Justices of the City of London or 
 Metropolitan Board of Works. Government Act, 1888. Court of the Mayor and 
 Aldermen in the Inner Chamber. 
 1 2 3 
 
 
 
 
 
 Highways and locomotives. (J. & | Transferred to London County | City Justices never had any powers 
 
 M.B.W.) Council. Parts of the Highways under the Highways and Loco- 
 and Locomotives Acts had not motives (Amendment) Act, 1878. 
 
 previously applied to London. 
 The jurisdiction of the Council 
 does not extend to the City, 
 except in certain cases as to 
 bye-laws. Council have powers 
 to regulate weights over bridges, 
 hours for locomotives passing. 
 Power to call on defaulting 
 highway authority to repair, &c. 
 
 Weights and measures. (J.) ..| Appointment of Inspectors, pro- | City Justices, as stated in columns 
 viding standards, verifying 1 and 2. 
 local standards and stamping 
 machines, making bye-laws. 
 
 Coroner’s salary and scale of fees. (J.)}| The Council now have the appoint- | No power in City Justices .. 
 ment and payment of Coroners, 
 division of the county into 
 Coroners’ districts, and assign- 
 ment of such districts, &e. 
 
 Polling districts. (J.) 4 ..| Division of the county into polling | City Justices if the city be a 
 districts for the purposes of borough situate in one Petty 
 Parliamentary elections, the Sessional division ? 
 
 appointment of places of election, 
 the places of holding Courts for 
 the revision of the lists of voters, 
 and the costs of and other 
 matters to be done for the regis- 
 tration of Parliamentary voters. 
 
 Local Stamp Act, 1869. (J.) ..| Empowering Council to order fees, | No correlative power in City 
 fines and penalties, payable to Justices. 
 the County Treasurer, to be ; 
 received by means of stamps, 
 and to cause dies to be made for 
 carrying Act into effect. Council 
 exercise this power through 
 Standing Joint Committee. 
 
 Scientific societies, charitable gifts, | Registration of rules certified by Do. 
 places of religious worship, loan Registrar, enabling societies to 
 societies. (J.). be exempt from payment of 
 
 rates. registration of memorials 
 of charitable donations, registra- 
 tion of places of religious wor- 
 ship, registration of rules of loan 
 societies. 
 
 
 
 Destructive insects. (M.B.W.), ..| Council as local authority carry 
 out orders of Privy Council and 
 pay compensation for destruc- 
 tion of crops. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ee a 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 eR ey 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 administrative business of the Justices within the area of the present 
 county business vested by various Acts, after the Act of 1855, in the 
 
 
 
 Or transferred by the Local Government Act, 1888. 
 
 Left untransferred. 
 to and vested in Common | or to and vested in City | or to and vested in London 
 Council. Commissioners of Sewers. County Council. 
 4 5 6 
 
 
 
 The powers generally of | As to main roads, the — — 
 Part IL of the Act of powers of Part I of the 
 1878 were vested in Act of 1878 are trans- 
 the Common Council. ferred to Common 
 Council and the Com- 
 missioners of Sewers. 
 
 SS Transferred to Common — —_ 
 Council. 
 
 Common Council elect — — = 
 Coroner for City. City 
 Coroner is a franchise 
 Coroner, and Act does 
 not affect this officer. 
 
 Common Council appoint 
 Coroner for borough 
 and liberty of South- 
 wark, but Council pay 
 salary and expenses of 
 
 C inquests. Chancellor 
 of Duchy of Lancaster 
 appoints Coroner for 
 Duchy; Council pay 
 the salary and expenses. 
 
 Dean and Chapter of 
 Westminster appoint 
 Coroner, and Council 
 ay. 
 
 Constable of the Tower 
 appoints Coroner for 
 liberty of Tower, and 
 Council pay. 
 
 
 
 The Common Council. 
 
 
 
10 
 
 2. The manner in which the Local Government Act, 1888, dealt with the 
 County of London, and in the City of London, and with the 
 Metropolitan Board—continued. 
 
 Subject matter originally vested in 
 County Justices or 
 Metropolitan Board of Works. 
 
 i 
 
 Explosives Act, 1875, 38 Vict., cap. 
 17. (M.B.W.) 
 
 Petroleum Acts. (M.B.W.) 
 
 Contagious Diseases (Animals) Act 
 
 (M.B.W.) 
 
 Sale of Gas Act, 1859, 22 and 23 
 Vic., cap. 66. 
 
 Metropolis Gas Act, 1860, 23 and 
 24 Vic., cap. 146, and Metropolis 
 Gas Amendment Act, 1861. 
 (M.B.W.) 
 
 Infant Life Protection. (M.B.W.).. 
 
 Dairies (now governed by Public 
 Health (London) Act, 1891.) 
 (M.B.W.) 
 
 Slaughterhouses (now governed by 
 Public Health (London) Act, 
 1891.) (J. and M.B.W.) 
 
 (J.) 
 
 Drowned human bodies. 
 
 Duties transferred to the 
 London County Council by Local 
 Government Act, 1888. 
 
 2 
 
 As to approval of sites for factories 
 and magazines, licenses for gun- 
 powder stores, and for amount 
 authorised to be kept in stores, 
 yearly register of retail dealers, 
 approval of firework factories, 
 &e. 
 
 Licensing the keeping or sale of 
 petroleum. See note of Acts at 
 page 22. 
 
 See note upon this Act at p. 
 
 Appointment of Inspectors. Pay- 
 ment of compensation for animals 
 destroyed. 
 
 As to furnishing inspectors with 
 models of gasholders and ap- 
 pointment of inspectors. Testing 
 and stamping meters and keeping 
 registers. Appointment of gas 
 examiners. The Metropolitan 
 
 3oard of Works substituted for 
 the Justices in Quarter Sessions, 
 by the Act of 1861. 
 
 See note upon these Acts at pp. 
 
 et seq. 
 
 Registration of houses used for 
 reception of infants and of 
 persons keeping such infants, 
 and prosecution of offenders. 
 
 registration of 
 milkshops, 
 Diseases 
 
 Inspection and 
 dairies, cowsheds, 
 under Contagious 
 (Animals) Act. 
 
 Licenses for slaughterhouses for 
 cattle. 
 
 Cowhouses or places for keeping 
 cows. 
 
 The licensing of slaughterhouses 
 and cowhouses has been trans- 
 ferred from the Justices to the 
 Council. 
 
 Payment through the county 
 'freasurer upon order of Justices, 
 of expenses of burying dead 
 body cast ashore from the sea 
 or from any tidal or navigable 
 water. 
 
 Correlative powers to those in 
 Column 1, originally vested in 
 Justices of the City of London or 
 Court of the Mayor and 
 Aldermen in the Inner Chamber. 
 3 
 
 City Justices. . 
 
 The City have exclusive control 
 over the entire county as to 
 foreign animals. 
 
 City Commissioners of Sewers as to 
 Act of 1860. 
 
 No jurisdiction in City under Acts 
 of 1859 and 1861. 
 
 City Justices have powers to make 
 orders for payment, which are 
 obeyed by the City Authorities. 
 
 
 

 
 Lee 
 
 administrative business of the Justices within the area of the present 
 
 county business vested by various Acts, after the Act of 1855, in the 
 
 Left untransferred. 
 
 As to foreign animals the 
 local authority over the 
 Metropolis is the Com- 
 mon Council. 
 
 City Commissioners of 
 Sewers under Act of 
 1860. Appointment of 
 gas examiners. 
 
 Common Council exercise 
 this power in City. 
 
 | Common Council exercise 
 this power in City. 
 
 
 
 The City Commissioners 
 of Sewers license 
 slaughter houses under 
 14 &15 Vict, c. xci., 
 s. 20. 
 
 
 
 (6321) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Or transferred by the Local Government Act, 1888. 
 
 to and yested in Common 
 Council. 
 5 
 
 or to and vested in City 
 Commissioners of Sewers. 
 
 6 
 
 or to and vested in London 
 County Council. 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 Transferred to Common 
 Council. 
 
 Do. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3, Powers conferred on the London County Council by the Acts of Parliament since 1888, and 
 
 
 
 list of protective clauses inserted at the instance of the London County Council 
 
 in Local Acts of Parliament affecting London. 
 
 
 
 Notre.—For protective clauses obtained by the Council to be inserted in private Acts of Parliament promoted by 
 Railway Companies and other bodies See ‘Schedule of Clauses” pages 17-19. 
 
 WEIGHTS AND 
 
 MEASURES 
 
 Act, 52 and 88 Vic., cap. 
 21 
 
 Part. 1—Weights and 
 
 Measures. 
 
 Part 2.—Sale of Coal. 
 
 Part 3.—Bread. 
 
 Lunacy Acts 
 
 (AMEND- 
 
 MENT) Act, 52 and 53 
 
 Vic., cap. 41. 
 
 PREVENTION OF CRUELTY 
 TO AND PROTECTION OF 
 CuinpREN Act, 52 and 
 53 Vic., cap. 44. 
 
 
 
 In 1889. 
 
 Every weighing instrument used for trade must be verified and stamped. 
 
 The by-laws under section 53 of the Act of 1878 are extended to weighing instruments. 
 
 The local authority is to make general regulations (to be approved by the Board of Trade)—(a) for the 
 verification and stamping of weights, measures, and weighing and measuring instruments; (2) for the inspection 
 of weights and measures and weighing instruments. 
 
 The Board of Trade may hold a local inquiry with respect to the administration of the law relating to weights 
 and measures within the jurisdiction of the local authority. 
 
 The Board of Trade to hold Examinations for Inspectors of Weights and Measures. As to persons appointed 
 Inspectors before commencement of this Act, the examination is permissive ; as to subsequent appointments, 
 examination compulsory. 
 
 ‘ a inspector may take, in respect of verification and stamping, the fees specified in the First Schedule to 
 e Act. 
 
 The Inspectors appointed by the London County Council shall alone, within the whole County of London, 
 exclusive of the City of London, have the powers and discharge the duties of Inspectors of Weights and 
 Measures appointed under the Act of 1878. 
 
 A person using weights and measures in the City of London shall not be required to have his weights or 
 measures verified or stamped by more than one authority. 
 
 Section 20.—All coal shall be sold by weight only, except where, by written conseut of purchaser, it is sold 
 by boat load, or by waggon or tubs delivered from the colliery. 
 
 Section 21. Over 2 cwt. of coal delivered by vehicle must be accompanied by a ticket, disclosing weight of 
 coal to be delivered. In default seller liable to a fine not exceeding £5. 
 
 Section 22. Coal sold in bulk must be weighed when sent out, as well as the vehicle which contains it, 
 unless the vehicle is provided by the purchaser ; and the tare weight of the vehicle must be marked thereon in 
 such a way as the local authority approves. The coal must be accompanied by a ticket showing the correct 
 weight of the coal, as well as of the vehicle which contains it. ; 
 
 Section 24. Quantities under 2 cwt. If coal of less quantity than agreed is delivered, the seller shall be 
 liable to a penalty. 
 
 Section 25. Where coal is sold by retail for delivery the seller must keep at the place of sale and delivery a 
 verified weighing instrument, if there is no such instrument at or near the place of sale, and must, if required 
 Py the purchaser or by any inspector or other officer appointed for the purpose, weigh any coal before its sale or 
 
 elivery. 
 
 Section 26. The local authority may erect fixed weighing instruments at convenient places for weighing 
 coal, and may provide and maintain sufficient portable instruments for the same purpose, and may appoint proper 
 persons to keep and attend such instruments. 
 
 Section 27. The seller, purchaser, person in charge, inspector of weights and measures, or other person 
 appointed for the purpose by the local authority, may require any coal or any vehicle used for the carriage of 
 coal in bulk to be weighed or re-weighed, provided that (a) no vendor shall be required to carry coal beyond the 
 distance prescribed by the local authority (in no case exceeding half a mile), and (%) where the purchaser 
 requires the coal to be weighed or re-weighed, and it is found to be correct, he shall be hable to reasonable costs 
 incident thereto. 
 
 Section 28. The local authority may make bye-laws, to be approved by the Board of Trade and published 
 (2) regulating, for the purposes of this Act, the sale of coal under 2 cwt.; (4) requiring a weighing instrument 
 of an approved form to be carried on any vehicle containing coal for sale or delivery ; (c) prescribing the distance 
 beyond which coal is not required to be carried for the purpose of being weighed ; (d) fixing the fees to be paid 
 for the use of any weighing instrument maintained by the local authority. 
 
 An inspector or other appointed officer may enter any place where coal is kept for sale; he may also stop 
 any vehicle with coal for sale or delivery, may test the weights and weighing instruments, and weigh such coal. 
 
 Refers to the law dealing with the sale of bread, which as here amended only requires that all bread (except 
 fancy bread or rolls) shall be sold by weight, when so requested by or on behalf of the purchaser, and that 
 bakers shall provide scales for the purpose. 
 
 This is an Act to amend the Acts relating to lunatics, the Council being made the Authority for the 
 Administrative County of London, excepting the City, the Local Authority there being the Common Council. 
 The Act has been repealed by the Lunacy Act, 1890.—See p. 2. 
 
 Section 3 gives power to the Council, as the Local Authority for the county of London (excluding the City, 
 within which the Common Council are the Local Authority), from time to time, by bye-law, to extend or 
 restrict the hours during which children may not be employed in singing, playing, or performing for profit, 
 or offering anything for sale; also to certify by by-laws ‘places of safety” in which children may be 
 temporarily detained (Sections 6 and 17). 
 
 
 
 ee 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 Tue Lonpon Covnocin 
 (Monry) Act, 52 and 
 53 Vic., cap. 61. 
 
 Pusric Bopres Corrurr 
 Practices Act, 52 and 
 53 Vict., cap. 69. 
 
 Inrectrious DisEAsE (Nortt- 
 FICATION) Act, 52 and 53 
 Vic., cap. 72. 
 
 Tue TrEcHNICcCAL InstRUC- 
 TION Act, 52 and 53 
 Vic., cap. 76. 
 
 Tut Merroporitan Im- 
 PROVEMENTS Act, 52 and 
 53 Vic., cap. 147. 
 
 Tench-street Re- 
 
 creation Ground 2% acres. 
 
 Myatt’s-fields ..143 
 
 W hitefield’s Chapel 
 Disused Burial 
 Ground... .. 1d 
 
 ” 
 
 MErROPOLITAN ELEcTRIC 
 Lieutine Act, 52and 53 
 Vic., cap. 196. 
 
 Post Orrice (SirEs) Act, 
 52 and 53 Vic., cap. 209. 
 
 Tue County Councits 
 ASSOCIATION EXPENSES 
 Act, 53 Vic., cap. 3. 
 
 Lunacy Act, 53 Vic., 
 cap. 5. 
 
 TuE ContTaGcious DISEASES 
 (AnrMats) Act, PLEURO- 
 PynevMonia Act, 53 and 
 54 Vic., cap. 14, 
 
 Tue Open Spaces Act, 53 
 and 54 Vic., cap. 15. 
 
 THe WorxKING CLASSES 
 Dwetiines Act, 53 and 
 54 Vic., cap. 16. 
 
 THE Lonpon County 
 Councit (Money) Act, 
 53 and 54 Vic., cap. 41, 
 
 THe ALLOTMENTS ACT, 53 
 and 54 Vic., cap. 65. 
 
 Tuer Merropouis MANAGE- 
 MENT AMENDMENT ACT, 
 1890, 53 and 54 Vic., 
 cap. 66. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Forward 18: acres. 
 
 13 
 
 This Act confers powers with reference to the financial business of the county conducted by the Couneil, 
 and deals with three main classes of finance. 
 These three classes are :— 
 1. The raising of capital sums for specific works sanctioned by special Acts of Parliament; such, for 
 example, as bridges over and tunnels under the River Thames, new streets, purchase of parks, &c. 
 2. The raising of capital for carrying into execution such works and duties as by “The Local Government 
 Act, 1888,” and the former Acts relating to the Metropolitan Board of Works, are cast upon the 
 Council ; such, for example as the main drainage works ; the acquisition of sites and erection of 
 fire brigade stations in discharge of the duty of protecting London from fire, asylums, schools and 
 other multifarious objects. 
 3. The raising of capital to carry on banking business or lending to other public bodies, for expenditure 
 on their part authorised by various Acts of Parliament; such, for example, as the School Board, 
 Vestries and District Boards of Works. 
 And incidentally the employment of the large and yearly increasing Consolidated Loans Fund, which is 
 being accumulated to pay off the three debts of the county. 
 
 An Act for the more effectual prevention and punishment of bribery and corruption of and by members, 
 officers, or servants of corporations, councils, boards, commissions, or other public bodies. By Section 7 the 
 expression public body means any council of a county. The penalties for this offence are made much more 
 stringent, and the offence is more precisely defined. 
 
 Section 10 requires the Managers of the Metropolitan Asylums District to send weekly to the Council such 
 return of the infectious diseases of which they receive certificates in pursuance of the Act as the Council may 
 from time to time require. 
 
 Local authorities (in London, the Council) are empowered to supply or aid the supply of technical or manual 
 instruction, and, in the event of their so doing, they are to be represented on the governing body. The rate to be 
 raised in any one year is not to exceed 1d. in the pound. 
 
 Authorises the Council to purchase and lay out a disused burial ground and a piece of waste ground adjoining 
 Whitefield’s Tabernacle in Tottenham-court road, in the Parish of St. Pancras, and requires the Vestry of St. 
 Pancras to contribute to the cost a sum not exceeding one-half. The Act also empowers the Council to lay 
 out Myatt’s-fields, Camberwell, as a public park ; to lay out and plant two pieces of vacant land at the north 
 end of Shaftesbury-avenue, and a piece of ground at Piccadilly-cireus; to enclose Clissold-park with fencing 
 for the preservation thereof for public use, and to lay out as an open space the ground acquired under the 
 “Metropolis (Tench-street, St. George-in-the-East) Provisional Order Confirmation Act, 1883.” The Council 
 may make and enforce bye-laws with respect to the said lands. The time for the completion of certain 
 improvements, authorised by the Metropolitan Board of Works (Various Powers) Acts, 1885, 1886, and 1888, 
 extended. 
 
 Section 12 provides that without the express consent of the Council no electric wire shall be placed above ground 
 over any street or public place, and requires notice of works to be served on the Council, and the Act gives the 
 Council certain other powers with reference to breaking up of streets, interference with sewers, laying electric 
 lines in subways, and as to the appointment of Electric Inspectors. 
 
 Provides for the transfer to the Council of a portion of the site of Coldbath-fields Prison for the purpose of 
 improving the adjoining streets. It also authorises the Council to purchase, if it so desires, a further portion 
 for preservation as an open space, or the Postmaster General may, instead of selling such portion, pay to the 
 Council £10,000, to be expended in providing open spaces. 
 
 In 1890. 
 
 Empowers County Councils to subscribe to the funds of the Association of County Councils. 
 
 Consolidates the law relating to the reception and maintenance of lunatics, the management of asylums for 
 pauper lunatics, &¢., the Council being the authority for the County of London, excluding the City, the local 
 authority there being the Common Council. Asylums are made ratable upon the usual basis, and the Council’s 
 Asylums are therefore now so rated, 
 
 By this Act the Board of Agriculture is constituted the authority for ordering the slaughter of animals 
 suffering with pleuro-pneumonia, and for the payment of compensation to the owners, which duties were 
 formerly performed by the Council. 
 
 Makes provision for the trustees of land, held upon trust for the purposes of public recreation, to transfer such 
 land to the local authority of the district in which the whole or a greater part of such land is situate. The 
 Local Authority is the Council within the County, excluding the City, or any Vestry or District Board 
 within whose district the land shall be situate. In the City of London the powers of the Act are in the 
 Corporation. 
 
 Facilitates gifts of land for dwellings for the working classes in populous places, including the administrative 
 County of London. 
 
 See note as to the London Council (Money) Act, 1889, above, 
 
 Section 2 provides that where a representation, as authorised by Section 2 of the Allotments Act, 1887, has been 
 made to the Sanitary Authority with respect to any district or parish, and the Sanitary Authority have failed 
 to acquire land to provide a sufficient number of allotments, and the County Council are requested by petition 
 to provide a sufficient number of allotments, the Council shall, if satisfied that land for allotments is required, 
 
 . pass a resolution to that effect, and the duties of the Sanitary Authority shall be transferred to the County 
 
 Council as far as regards that district or parish, and the Council shall proceed to acquire such land accordingly. 
 Section 3 provides for the appointment by every County Council of a Standing Committee for the purposes 
 of the Act. 
 Provision is made for the repayment to the County Council of any money expended under the Act. 
 (In London this Act only applies to the Parish of Woolwich.) 
 
 Confers further powers on Council as to sewers in the Metropolis, including the City. Provides against 
 making or branching any sewer or drain into any sewer vested in the Council except with consent of Council. 
 Similar powers to Vestries and District Boards, but not to the City, as to local sewers. The Act provides against 
 streets and roads being formed and laid out if the subsoil has been removed and no sound foundation made to 
 satisfaction of Vestry or District Board, with power of appeal to the Council. This also does not apply to the 
 
 City. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Forward 184 acres. 
 HovusING OF THE WORKING 
 
 Crasses Act, 53 and 54 
 Vic., cap. 70. 
 
 Lonpon Councit (GENERAL 
 Powers) Act, 53 and 54 
 Vic., vap. 243. 
 
 Brockwell-park .. 78 acres. 
 
 Warerlow-park .. 30. ,, 
 North | Woolwich- 
 gurdens .. sey LOE 
 
 
 
 
 
 Forward 1363 acres. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 14 
 
 Part I. lays down the procedure under which improvement schemes are to be made for the clearance of 
 unhealthy areas and the re-arrangement and reconstruction of the streets, and the erection thereon of dwellings 
 for the working classes. 
 
 The Council is the sole authority for framing schemes under this part of the Act in all parts of London 
 except the City, the first step towards such a scheme being an official representation by a medical officer of 
 health, who may be required to report by two or more jnstices of the peace, or twelve ratepayers. The scheme, 
 giving the limits of the area comprised therein and accompanied by maps, particulars and estimates must be 
 published between September and November, and a provisional order obtained from the Secretary of State, to be 
 subsequently confirmed by Parliament. The scheme must provide for accommodating all the persons of the 
 working class displaced, unless the Secretary of State sees fit to dispense with the obligation, which he may do to 
 the extent of half the number displaced. 
 
 When the confirming Act has been passed, the Council shall take steps for purchasing the lands required, 
 and they may sell or let all or any part of the area to any purchasers or lessees, under condition that they will 
 carry the scheme into execution. The Council may not themselves, without the express approval of the 
 Secretary of State, undertake the rebuilding of the houses or the execution of any part of the scheme, except 
 that they may take down any or all of the buildings upon the area, and clear the whole or any part thereof, and 
 may lay out, form, pave, sewer and complete all such streets upon the land purchased by them. 
 
 The Council shall form a fund to be called the ‘“ Dwelling House I:snprovement Fund.” The moneys 
 required in the first instance to establish such fund shall be supplied out of the local rates or out of moneys 
 borrowed on the security of the rates. 
 
 Part II. enables vestries and district boards, in the case of unhealthy dwellings, to obtain a closing order from 
 a magistrate, as provided by the Sanitary Acts, followed if need be by an order for demolition, and it incorporates 
 such of the provisions of those Acts as are required for the purpose. 
 
 The Act makes it the duty of the medical officer of every district to report any premises unfit for human 
 habitation. It also requires local authorities to cause periodical inspection of their districts, for the purpose of 
 seeing whether any houses are so dangerous or injurious to health as to be unfit for human habitation. Where 
 such is the case, the local authority is bound to serve a notice on the owner, who has then to find out for 
 himself what works should be done, and if the works are not done by a stated time the local authority must 
 apply to a magistrate for a closing order, within seven days of which the premises must be vacated. ‘The 
 magistrate, in addition to making the order, may impose a penalty up to £20, and the local authority is 
 empowered to sue an owner for the expense incurred by an occupier in removing after the closing order has been 
 made. If not satisfied with the state of things, the local authority may make an order for demolition, which is 
 to be obeyed within three months. An appeal against this order lies to the Quarter Sessions. 
 
 This part of the Act also deals with obstructive buildings. Local authorities may purchase houses for the 
 purpose of opening out small courts and alleys without having to prove that any building required was in itself 
 actually unfit for human habitation. An appeal will still, however, lie to the Quarter Sessions, but subject to 
 such appeal the power of purchase is made compulsory, and, although owners have the right preserved to them 
 of retaining sites, no building is to be erected which would defeat the end in view. Part of an obstructive 
 building may be acquired where the whole is not wanted, provided that in the opinion of an arbitrator such pert 
 may be severed from the remainder of a house or manufactory without material detriment thereto. 
 
 Whenever a local authority finds it desirable that there should be an improvement scheme for an area too 
 small! to be properly dealt with under Part I. of the Act, after passing a resolution to that effect, it is to frame a 
 scheme, which need not be published like a larger scheme, but notice of which must be served on the owners, &c., 
 and if after a local enquiry into the sufficiency of the scheme, it is sanctioned by order by the Local Government 
 Board, and an agreement is then come to with the owners for the purchase, the Order shall take effect without 
 confirmation. If they do not so agree, the Order shall be published in the “ London Gazette,” and a copy of the 
 Order served on the owners of every part of the area. Any owner may, within two months of such publication, 
 petition against the Order, and if such petition is presented and not withdrawn, the Order shall be provisional, 
 unless it is confirmed by Act of Parliament ; but if no petition is presented, or, if presented, has been withdrawn, 
 the Order shall be confirmed, and shall come into operation and have effect as if it were enacted by this Act. 
 The Local Government Board, in any Order sanctioning a scheme under this part of the Act, shall require the 
 insertion in the scheme of provisions for the accommodation of the working people displaced, but the amount (if 
 any) of such accommodation is discretionary with the Board. The compensation payable when compulsory 
 power is exercised will be governed by the same rules as those laid down for large areas in Part I. of the Act, 
 with the addition that the arbitrator is to have regard to any increased value given to other property of the same 
 owner by the operation of the scheme. The arbitrator, in the case of these schemes, is to be appointed by the 
 Local Government Board, and there will be no appeal from his award as in the case of a scheme under Part I. 
 
 The Act does not define what is an area too small for the application of Part I.; but Sects. 72 and 73 enact 
 that in any case where not more than 10 houses are included in a representation under Part I., the area is to be 
 dealt with under Part IT., and that where a local board considers that an area reported under Part II. should be 
 dealt with under Part I., or where the Council considers that an area represented to it under Part I. should be 
 dealt with under Part IT., the question shall be referred to the Secretary of State, who is then to appoint an 
 arbitrator to hold an inquiry, and report both as to the main question and as to any contribution, if the case is 
 to be dealt with under Part IT. 
 
 All expenses incurred by a local authority in execution of this part of the Act shall be defrayed by them out 
 of the local rate. 
 
 Sect. 45 of the Act authorises the Council, if a local authority fails to act, to institute proceedings for a 
 closing order or demolition of any buildings under Part JI., after giving a month’s notice to the local authority of 
 the intention to proceed, and the local authority is to pay the costs incurred, including any compensation, unless 
 in the case of an order for demolition or pulling down the same is disallowed on appeal. 
 
 The Council also has (under Sect. 46) concurrent authority with the local boards to promote and carry out 
 the smaller schemes, so that it need not in this respect give any preliminary notice or receive any representation, 
 and the question whether the cost, or any and what part of it, should be borne by the local authority or by the 
 Council, is to be determined by the Seeretary of State. The Council is also empowered to contribute 
 voluntarily to schemes undertaken by the local bodies. 
 
 Part III. of the Act gives the Council power to acquire land for, and to erect and manage lodging houses for 
 the working classes, and all expenses incurred in the execution of this part of this Act shall be defrayed out of 
 the Dwelling-house Improvement Fund, under Part I. of this Act. 
 
 In order to facilitate the exercise by the Council of the extensive powers given to it, vestries and district 
 boards are required to forward to the Council copies of any representations, complaints, informations or closing 
 orders, and to furnish all such particulars in relation to subsequent proceedings as the Council may ask for; and 
 further, the Medical Officer of the Council is, for the purpose of giving effect to the Act generally, to have as 
 much power as if he were the local medical officer (sects. 52 and 76), so that his representation can in future be 
 made to the Council and forwarded to the local authority. 
 
 Confers powers on the Council with regard to the acquisition of Brockwell-park, Waterlow-park, and North 
 Woolwich-gardens ; provides for the consolidation of by-laws relating to parks and open spaces; authorises the 
 provision of mortuaries for unidentified bodies; amends, in some respects, the law governing the Council’s 
 procedure and conduct of business ; and extends the power of the Council and District Boards to borrow under 
 Section 183 of “ Metropolis Management Act, 1855,” to any expenses incurred in the provision of any mortuary ; 
 and empowers the Council to purchase by agreement land to be added to an improvement area for artizans’ 
 dwellings ; exempts members of the Council trom service on juries in the County of London; provides for an 
 appeal against the certificate of the Superintending Architect as to general line of buildings ; authorises, under 
 certain conditions, larger buildings, without party walls, than hitherto allowed ; provides for the definition of the 
 line constituting the centre of the road, and makes sundry other amendments of the Building Acts. It further 
 empowers the Council to make inquiries relative to the water supply of London; and imposes penalties fcr 
 trespass in the Council’s sewers. 
 
 
 
 neal * ae 
 

 
 Forward 136% acres. 
 
 THe Torrennam LOcAL 
 Boarp Act, 538 and 54 
 Vic., cap. 244. 
 
 Tue Lonpon STREETS 
 (REMOVAL OF GATES) 
 Act, 53 and 54 Vic., 
 cap. 247. 
 
 Tar TecHNICAL INSTRUC- 
 TION Act, 54 Vie., cap. 4. 
 
 REGISTRATION OF ELEC- 
 tors Act, 54 Vic.,cap.18. 
 
 REFORMATORY AND INDUS- 
 TRIAL Scuoots Act, 54 
 and 55 Vic., cap. 23. 
 
 ALLOTMENTS Ratina Ex- 
 EMPTION Act, 54 and 55 
 Vic., cap. 33. 
 
 Tue Merropo.is (SHELTON 
 STREET, St. Gries) PRo- 
 VISIONAL ORDER COoN- 
 FIRMATION Act, 54 Vic., 
 cap. 53, 
 
 Lonpon (BOUNDARY 
 STREET, BETHNAL GREEN) 
 PROVISIONAL CONFIRMA- 
 Act, 54 and 55 Vic., 
 cap. 60. 
 
 Toe Lonpon County 
 Councit (Money) Act, 
 54 and 55 Vic., ch. 62. 
 
 Tur Lunacy Act, being an 
 Act to amend the Lunacy 
 Act, 1890, 54. and 55 Vic., 
 cap. 65. 
 
 County Covnorts (ELEC- 
 TIons) Aot, 54 and 55 
 Vic., cap. 68. 
 
 Factory AND WoRKSHOP 
 Act, 54 and 55 Vie., cap. 
 75. 
 
 Tort PUBLIC HEALTH 
 (Lonpon) Act, 54 and 
 55 Vic., cap. 76. 
 
 Forward 1262 acres. 
 
 15 
 
 Section 13 provides for the extension, for a period of six months, by agreement between the Council, the 
 Hackney District Board, and the Tottenham and Wood Green Joint Drainage Committee, of the provisions of 
 the “Lee Purification Act, 1886,” as to the reception into the sewers of the District Board and the Council of 
 the Tottenham sewage effluent. 
 
 Provides for the removal of the bars or gates in Torrington-place, Gordon-street, Upper Woburn-place, and 
 Sidmouth-street. 
 
 In 1891. 
 
 Enables Local Authorities, subject to the conditions and restrictions contained in the Technical Instruction 
 Act, 1889, to make provision in aid of technical or manual instruction, and to provide or assist in providing 
 scholarships in schools or institutions outside their districts, in cases where similar provision cannot be 
 so advantageously made within their districts. 
 
 Provides that where a parish is situate in a Parliamentary but not in a municipal borough, one-half of the 
 expenses and receipts under the Registration Acts, 1843 to 1888, in respect of such parish shall be defrayed 
 out of and paid to the county fund, and the other half defrayed out of and paid to the poor rate of the parish. 
 The revising barrister is to determine what expenses and receipts are incurred or arise in respect of such parish, 
 
 Authorises managers of certified schools to apprentice or dispose of a child with his own consent, although his 
 period of detention may not have expired. 
 
 Enacts that allotments shall be relieved from all liability to be assessed for sanitary purposes at a higher 
 rate than other cultivated lands, and for this purpose Section 1 provides that from and after the 1st October, 
 1891, Sub-Section 1 and Section 230 of the Public Health Act, 1875, shall be read and construed as if the word 
 “ allotments’ was inserted in such sections after the word ‘‘ woodlands.” 
 
 Allotment is defined as a parcel of land not exceeding 2 acres in extend. 
 
 Confirms a Provisional Order for further modifying the Shelton Street improvement scheme authorised by the 
 Confirming Act of 1887. 
 
 Confirms a provisional order made under the “ Housing of the Working Classes Act,” for the improvement of 
 an unhealthy area in the parishes of Bethnal-green and Shoreditch. The area to be cleared is 15 acres, or 
 thereabouts, in extent, and the total number of the working classes to be displaced is estimated at 5,719, and 
 those to be re-housed on the area, 4,600 ; and the total net cost of the scheme is estimated at £300,000. 
 
 See note as to the London Council (Money) Act, 1889, page 
 
 Provides that a lunatic sent to an asylum shall be classified as a pauper until it is ascertained that he is 
 entitled to be classified as a private patient ; and the provisions of the ‘‘ Local Government Act, 1888,” relating 
 to the accounts of County Councils and their officers, and to the audit of such accounts, shall apply to the 
 accounts of every asylum belonging wholly or in part to a County Council, and of the Visiting Committee and 
 officers thereof. The provisions of the “ Lunacy Act, 1890,” for the payment of expenses in relation to 
 pauper lunatics, shall be applicable with respect to lunatics in institutions for lunatics who become paupers. 
 If inany union it appears to the Lord Chancellor desirable, he may by writing, under his hand, empower the 
 Chairman of the Board of Guardians to sign orders for the reception of persons as pauper lunatics in 
 institutions for lunatics, which order shall have the same effect as if made by a Justice of the Peace. 
 
 Enacts that the day of election of Councillors shall be such day between the Ist and 8th of March as the 
 County Council may fix, and that if no date is so fixed it shall be the 8th of March; that Councillors shall 
 retire on the 8th of March in every third year, on which day the new Councillors shall come into office ; that 
 the 16th of March, or such other day within 10 days after the 8th of March, as the Council may from time 
 to time fix, shall be the day for the election of chairman and aldermen. All periods which in the “ Muni- 
 cipal Corporations Act, 1882,” are computed by reference to the 1st or 9th of November, shall be computed by 
 reference to such of the above mentioned days then next following, as the case requires. The day of election of 
 Councillors is to be fixed by the Council not less than six weeks before the 8th of March. There is to be no 
 election of a County Councillor to fill a casual vacancy which occurs within six months before the 8th of March. 
 
 The County Register is to be completed before the 20th of December in each year, and to come into operation 
 on the 1st of January following. The Burgess List forming the Burgess Roll which comes into operation on the 
 1st of November in every year, shall on and after that day until the next first day of January form part of the 
 
 County Register in substitution for the former Burgess Lists. The Chairman and Vice-Chairman of County 
 
 Councils, apd the Deputy Chairman of the London County Council, County Aldermen, and County Councillors 
 
 and Committees shall go out of office on the next following ordinary day of election or retirement (as the case may 
 
 be), fixed by this Act, but nothing shall authorise or require the Returning Officer to hold the election of a 
 
 ew Councillor to fill a casual vacancy at any time before the ordinary day of election, next after the passing 
 
 of this Act. 
 The declaration required to be made by a person elected to a corporate office may be made at any time within 
 three months after notice of election. A Returning Officer is not disqualified from being a member of a County 
 
 Council unless he has directly or indirectly received profit in respect of such appointment. 
 
 By Section 7 it is enacted that every factory built in London after the 1st of January, 1892, in which more 
 than 40 persons are employed, shall have a certificate from the Council that the factory is provided, on the 
 storeys above the ground-floor, with reasonable means of escape in case of fire. The Council is empowered to 
 require owners of factories, built before the above date, to provide the necessary means of escape within a certain 
 time, the owner being subject to a penalty for non-compliance ; any difference of opinion between the owner and 
 the Council is to be settled by arbitration. 
 
 The Council’s expenses in the execution of this Section shall be defrayed, as part of their expenses, under the 
 “ Metropolitan Building Act, 1855.” 
 
 This Act deals with the question of nuisances in general and also offensive trades, and the making of bye-laws 
 with reference thereto, by the Council for London, (dut excluding the City). Section 96 contains provisions 
 for reguluting the occupation of underground rooms as dwellings. The sanitary authorities for this purpose, 
 under Section 99, being the vestries and district boards (except in the City of London), and in case of default 
 by the sanitary authorities, in carrying out the provisions of this Section, the Council may institute the 
 necessary proceedings and recover from the sanitary authority all expenses incurred in and about such 
 proceedings. The Commissioners of Sewers are the sanitary authority in the City, and the Council have no 
 control over them. (This Act is dealt with at length at p. Return B, Headings F, G, H, and I). 
 
 (6321) F 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 Forward 1362 acres. 
 
 THe Lonpon OVERHEAD 
 Wires Act, 54 and 55 
 Vic., cap. 77. 
 
 Thr Lonpon Sxy Sians 
 Act, 54 and 55 Vic., cap. 
 roQ 
 75. 
 
 Tort TorrenHAM AND 
 W oop GREEN SEWERAGE 
 Aot, 54 and 55 Vic., cap. 
 205. 
 
 THe London Covnorn 
 (GENERAL Powers) Act, 
 54 and 55 Vic., cap. 206. 
 
 Peckham Rye ad- 
 
 ditional land .. 472 acres. 
 Maryon Park .. 12 
 Bostall Woods .. 61 
 
 >? 
 
 ) 
 
 MortTMAIN AND CHARI- 
 TABLE Usrs Act, 55 
 Vic., cap. 2. 
 
 Cuarity Inquiries (Ex- 
 PENSES) AotT, 55 and 56 
 Vic., cap. 15. 
 
 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES 
 (PurcHASE) Act, 55 and 
 56 Vic., cap. 18. 
 
 Smat~t Hotprnes  Acrz, 
 55 and 56 Vic., cap. 81. 
 
 Mitirary Lanps_ Act, 
 55 and 56 Vic., cap. 43. 
 
 Coroners Act, 55 and 56 
 Vic., cap. 56. 
 
 TrerrcRaPH Act, 55 and 56 
 Vic., cap. 59. 
 
 Snop Hours Act, 55 and 
 56 Vic., cap. 62. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Forward 2573 acres. 
 
 16 
 
 Confers certain powers on the Council for making bye-laws as to the placing of overhead wires, and carrying 
 same over private property. (This Act is dealt with at length at p. Return B, Headings F, G, H, and I). 
 
 Provides that it shall be unlawful to erect sky signs in London after 3rd July, 1891, and that sky signs 
 erected previously to the passing of this Act shall only be retained by license from the Council or im 
 the parishes in the City of London by the Commissioners of Sewers. (See Return B, Headings F, G, 
 H, and I). ; 
 
 Provides for the admission of the sewage of the districts of Tottenham Local Board and Wood Green Local 
 Board, called in the Act the “ joint drainage district,” into the Council’s sewers. 
 
 The Council’s Engineers, and their officers, are to have access to any station or works of the Joint Drainage 
 Committee, and any new station or works must be constructed and maintained to the satisfaction of the Council’s 
 Engineer. The Joint Drainage Committee is not to allow other areas to be drained through its sewers into the 
 Council’s sewers. ‘ 
 
 Sect. 7 limits the quantity of sewage to be delivered into the Council’s sewers, and specifies the amount of 
 money to be paid to the Council in case the quantity is exceeded. ‘The certificate of the Council’s Engineer as to 
 the quantity of sewage delivered is to be conclusive. 
 
 The Act prescribes the amounts to be paid annually to the Council in respect of the right to deliver sewage 
 into the Council’s sewers, and, further, by way of contribution towards the current expenses incurred by the 
 Council in respect of their main drainage system, the dates of payment, and the power of the Council to enforce 
 payment. 
 
 And further provides that the Tottenham and Wood Green Local Boards shall furnish to the Council a 
 certified copy of the current valuation of the property within their districts for the purposes of the County rate, 
 and, after the passing of this Act, a certified copy of the then current valuation list in force for the purposes of 
 the poor rate, and if the Council is dissatisfied with the valuation for the county rate, for the purposes of this Act 
 they may agree with the Joint Drainage Committee what the amount of the annual rateable value shall be, and, 
 in case of disagreement, the same shall be settled by arbitration, which shall be binding on all parties. 
 
 Gives power to the Council to reconstruct the bridge across Bow Creek at Barking-road, and improve the 
 approaches; to reconstruct four bridges in the Isle of Dogs; to form a new street from Evelyn-street to Creek- 
 road, Deptford ; to widen St. George’s-place, Knightsbridge, Fulham-palace-road and Queen-street, Hammer- 
 smith, and Fortess-road, Kentish-town; and to acquire land at Renfrew-road, Lambeth, for fire brigade 
 purposes. Section 47 extends the time for the completion of the Rosebery-avenue improvement. The Act also 
 provides for an exchange of land at Plumstead-common, the purchase of additional land at Peckham-rye- 
 common, the vesting of Maryon-park, Charlton, in the Council, the purchase of Bostall-woods, and confirms 
 the conveyance of Brockwell-park to the Council. It authorises the East Ham Local Board to contribute 
 £500 towards the purchase of North Woolwich-gardens, and includes all lands referred to in the Act among 
 the parks to which the by-laws under the “General Powers Act of 1890” are applicable. 
 
 It also provides for contributions by Local Authorities towards the costs of carrying out the above improve- 
 ments, in addition to the contribution before-mentioned by East Ham Local Board. 
 
 The Council is also empowered to grant pensions to persons formerly in the employ of the Metropolitan 
 Board of Works, but who were not held by the Board to be entitled to pensions, and to give a gratuity to any 
 such person or representative of such person, and to establish a superannuation and provident fund. 
 
 The Council is authorised to conduct inquiries and negotiations as to markets. 
 
 In 1892. 
 
 Amends the Mortmain and Charitable Uses Act, 1888, and the Council are a Local Authority under the Act. 
 
 Gives power to the Council to contribute towards the expenses of any inquiry conducted by the Charity Com- 
 missioners into any Charities which are to be expressly appropriated in whole or in part for the benefit of the 
 county, such contribution to be made out of the County Fund. 
 
 Empowers the Council as the local authority for the Administrative County of London, excluding the City, to 
 purchase the franchise of any weights and measures within the Council’s area 
 
 Gives power to the Council of any county, who are of opinion that there is a demand for small holdings to 
 Cares y y I : , 
 acquire suitable Jand for persons who may desire to buy and cultivate the holdings themselves. The Act 
 provides for payment of the purchase money by any person purchasing a small holding from the Council by 
 instalments. 
 
 Empowers the Council to purchase and hold land on behalf of Volunteer Corps for military purposes. The 
 
 Council may also, with the consent of the Local Government Board, lease any land held by them for public 
 purposes to a volunteer corps for military purposes. 
 
 Enables every Coroner for any county or borough to appoint, by writing, a deputy to be approved by the 
 Chairman of the Council who appointed the Coroner, and a duplicate of every such appointment of deputy 
 to be sent to the Council. The deputy may only act for the coroner during his illness or absence for any 
 lawful or reasonable cause, but shall notwithstanding the office of coroner becomes vacant by death or 
 otherwise, continue in office until a new deputy shall be appointed, and shall act as the coroner during such 
 vacancy as during the illness of the coroner. 
 
 Posts and Wires cannot be erected within the administrative County of London without the consent of the 
 Council. 
 
 Regulates the hours of employment of young persons in shops. The Council is empowered to appoint Inspectors 
 for the execution of the Act within the administrative County of London, excluding the City, the Common 
 Council being the authority for that purpose in the City, 
 
 — 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 — oe 
 
 
 

 
 Forward 2573 acres. 
 
 Nortu METROPOLITAN 
 TRAMWAYS Act, 55 and 
 56 Vic., cap. elx. 
 
 Lonpon Warer Act, 55 
 and 56 Vic., cap. 130. 
 
 Lra VatteEy DRrarnace 
 Aot, 55 and 56 Vic., 
 cap. 151. 
 
 (He Lonpon County 
 Councort (Monty) <Aort, 
 55 and 56 Vic., cap. 237. 
 
 Lonpon County Covnorn 
 (GENERAL Powers) Act, 
 55 and 56 Vic., cap. 238. 
 
 Spa Green oe 1 acre. 
 Victoria Park 
 
 Cemetery -. 113 acres. 
 Land at Highgate 
 
 Road .. ac * acre. 
 
 
 
 
 
 a 
 
 
 
 L7 
 
 Section 5 confirms the agreement between the Council and the North Metropolitan Tramways Company, 
 whereby the Council covenants that they will not until the 10th day of August, 1910, in any way exercise the 
 power of purchase over the tramways proposed to be acquired or worked by the Company. 
 
 Empowers the Council to pay the costs and expenses of promoting Bills in Parliament relating to the supply 
 of water in the Administrative County of London, and within the limits of the supply of the Metropolitan 
 Water Companies, and also empowers the Council to make inquiries as to the existing supply within the 
 Metropolitan area, and the charges made ‘for same, and the Council is empowered to defray the costs and 
 expenses of such inquiries, not exceeding £10,000, in addition to the sum of £5,000 already authorised by 
 Section 38 of the General Powers Act, 1890, 
 
 Section 4 provides for the appointment by the Council of one male person to act as one of the Commissioners 
 
 under this Act, to be called the “Lea Valley Drainage Commissioners.” 
 
 See note as to the London Council (Money) Act, 1889, page 
 
 Empowers the Council to widen and improve Sandy’s Row, Whitechapel ; to acquire land in Clerkenwell, and 
 
 exchange land near Peckham Rye; to purchase land adjoining the Highgate Road. The Council’s compulsory 
 powers for purchase of land for Blackwall Tunnel extended to 8th of August, 1894. Victoria Park Cemetery 
 closed for burials, and powers of the Metropolitan Open Spaces Acts, 1881 and 1887, applied. Enables the 
 Council to procure any of their officers or servants to be sworn in as constables for enforcing bye-laws as to 
 ferry boats. Extends the powers of the Council to make bye-laws as to county and other bridges. Gives 
 further powers as to superannuation. Empowers the Council to borrow for the improvement authorised by 
 the Act a sum not exceeding £112,000, up to 30th September, 1893, repayment not to extend beyond 60 years. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 270} acres authorized to be acquired since the Council was created. 
 SCHEDULE OF CLAUSES 
 obtained and inserted at the instance of the Council for the protection of Londoners 
 in private Acts of Parliament promoted by Railway Companies and other bodies, during 
 the Years 1889, 1890, 1891, and 1892. 
 a ee ee 
 Clause as Workmen’s | Houses of 
 N LO See Sewer to Bridges Placard | Building Act Tete ” | Labouring 
 mpeg ’ Bi Clause. over and Clause. Clause. Cl ares Class 
 under Roads. qa | Clause. 
 | | L 
 1889. | 
 Corporation of London (Tower Bridge Act) .. 15 | Ba Je ae x 21 
 Lea Bridge, Leyton, and Walthamstow Tram- | The Council’s usual Standard Clauses are inserted as set out in the note 
 ways Act at foot. 
 o 
 London and North Western Railway Act .. 16 | 17 18 a2 3 31 
 
 
 
 
 
 London Tramways Company (Limited) Exten- | The Council’s usual Standard Clauses are inserted as set out in the note 
 
 sions Act 
 
 Midland Railway Act .. 
 
 Shortlands and Nunhead Railway Act 
 
 South Eastern Railway Act 
 
 Southwark and Deptford Tramways Act 
 
 at foot. 
 
 se oe Ae 23 | 21 | ce es 3 
 
 Sec. 20 provides for payment of £12,000 to the Council for acquisition 
 of part of St. Pancras Burial Ground, to be applied in acquiring and 
 laying out other land in the parish of St. Pancras as a recreation ground, 
 
 Sec. 22 provides, that if the Company acquire any land at Bow, abutting 
 on the northern outfall sewer, the Council shall have the ri ght to 
 purchase a width of 25 feet of land for the purpose of enlarging and 
 extending the said sewer from Pudding Mill River to the River Lea. 
 
 
 
 
 
 «3 8 | 8 8 | Pd | re | 39 
 Sec. 19 as to interference with Lewisham Recreation Ground, construc- 
 tion of ornamental bridge across the Ravensborne, providing access 
 to the recreation ground, planting of embankment. 
 ee ee ee 91 
 
 89 89 90 585 68 & 69 
 
 
 
 ..| The Council’s usual Standard Clauses are inserted as set out in the note 
 at foot. 
 
 West Metropclitan Tramways Act .. .-| The Council’s usual Standard Clauses are inserted as set out in the note 
 
 at foot. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 Name of Act and Year. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1890. 
 City and South London Railway Act .. ee 
 
 Great Eastern Railway Act 
 
 Great Northern Railway (Various Powers) 
 Act 
 London and North Western Railway Act 
 
 London, Brighton and South Coast Railway 
 Act 
 
 London Tramways Company, Limited 
 
 Metropolitan Railway Act Se oe pa 
 
 Midland Railway (Additional Powers) Act .. 
 North Metropolitan Tramways Act .. ote 
 
 South Eastern Railway Act .. ee 
 
 South Western Railway Act .. ae 
 Tottenham Local Board Act .. sh 
 
 Tramways’ Orders Confirmation (No. 2) Act 
 (Lea Bridge, &c., Tramways) 
 
 1891. 
 
 Central London Railway Act .. 
 
 Great Northern Railway Act .. re 
 Hanover Chapel (Regent Street) Act .. : 
 Harrow Road and Paddington Tramways Act 
 
 London, Deptford and Greenwich Tramways 
 Act 
 Southwark and Vauxhall Water Act .. 
 South Western Railway Act .. e a 
 1892. 
 Great Northern and City Railway Act 
 
 Lea Valley Drainage Act Ha ee ele 
 
 London, Brighton and South Coast Railway 
 Act 
 
 
 
 
 London, Chatham and Dover Railway Act .. 
 
 
 
 
 North Metropolitan Tramways Act .. ee 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 South Eastern Railway Act .. AP sé 
 
 
 
 to the following effect. 
 
 
 
 18 
 
 EE EE a 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Clause as Houses of 
 
 Sewer to Bridges Placard |Building Act) Workmen’s | Labouring 
 Clause. over and Clause. Clause. Train Clause. Class 
 under Roads. Clause. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Aes 
 
 
 
 n 
 
 
 
 21 & 22 ve 
 Also Sec. 26 as to shafts in streets. 
 9 | 30 & 31 32 es 34 & 35 
 10 for protection of Northern Main Outfall Sewer. 
 13 14& 15 16 aye 31,32 & 33 
 36 - 85 % oe 53 
 6(1) |6(2),6(8)| 6 (14) 28 & 29 
 
 Sec. 6 also provides for footpaths, roadways and bridges being kept 
 in good repair and properly lighted; for protection of Wandsworth 
 and Tooting Bee Commons; for the abutments of the bridges at 
 Cuivert Road, Latchmere Road and Falcon Lane being faced with 
 white glazed bricks ; and for the widening of Upper Grange Road. 
 
 Sec. 7 provides for the preservation of a footpath at Clapham Junction. 
 
 Clauses agreed as to use of mechanical power, on approval of Board 
 of Trade, being limited to 7 years; consent of Council to be first 
 
 obtained. 
 
 i 44 28 & 29 
 subways, in accordance with plans to be 
 
 19 & 32 | Pe ie 
 Sec. 18 as to construction of 
 approved by the Council. 
 
 21 (4) (5) } 21 (2) (8) | . . =A 33 
 
 Clauses agreed as to use of electrical or mechanical power on approval 
 of Board of Trade, being limited to 7 years; consent of Council to 
 be first obtained. 
 
 
 
 13 (8(1)(2)(8) 8 (6) ( 32 & 33 
 (4) & (5) | 
 16 38 & 39 40) St: 25 & 26 
 
 
 
 Sec. 13 extends “Lea Purification Act, 1886,’ as to admission of 
 effluent into Council’s sewers. 
 
 The Council’s usual Standard Clauses are inserted, as set out in the 
 note at foot. 
 
 
 
 49 & 50 : 54 | 51 | 109 98 
 Clauses were also inserted for protection of streets during progress 
 of works, also as to the improvement of Davies Street. 
 13 . | Sh | 3 | 384 & 35 
 a a » Jeane owe re 
 The Council’s usual Standard Clauses are inserted, as set out in the 
 note at foot, also clauses providing for the widening of Harrow road. 
 The Council’s usual Standard Clauses are inserted as set out in the 
 note at foot. Sec. 5 provides that the tramway shall not be laid in 
 the new street (Evelyn Street to Creek Road) nor over the bridge, 
 until the Company have paid the contribution of £12,000 towards 
 the cost of the improvements. 
 
 
 
 | 
 
 
 
 - 
 o- 4 ee oe ee v 
 Clause inserted providing for allocation of capital to be raised—That 
 
 it should not be considered part of capital entitled to dividend. 
 
 
 
 16 | dl & 32 30 a i + 30 
 48 & 51 | 49 54 | 50 & 53 89 & 90 36 
 
 Clauses were also inserted for protection of streets during progress of 
 works. 
 Representation of Council, by one member on Board of Conservators 
 was obtained. 
 
 ry lard ‘arf 
 
 7 7 7 9 | x“ 29 
 
 Special clauses were inserted providing access to station from Buckine- 
 
 ham Palace Road, and as to reconstruction of bridge over Falcon 
 
 Road, Battersea. 
 
 12, 14, 15, 17 
 
 wis | 
 Clause confirming the agreement with the London County Council as 
 
 to purchase of tramways inserted; agreement scheduled, The 
 
 Council’s usual Standard Clauses are inserted as set out in note at 
 
 foot. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 11 oe 25 
 
 
 
 The Clauses referred to in the above Schedule probably vary slightly in each case, but are substantially 
 
 
 

 
 19 
 
 Nore.—Tur Councry’s StanparD Tramways (LAusEs, with probably slight variations to meet each 
 particular case, provide :— 
 
 (1) As to Gauge of Tramways. 
 (2) That the Company may be required to use improved form of rail. 
 (3) Penalty for not maintaining rails and road in good condition. 
 (4) Penalty for not maintaining Tramways in good condition to be recovered by Road Authority. 
 (5) That traffic shall be suspended during works of drainage. 
 (6) As to altering and widening part of street in which Tramway is laid, if required. 
 (7) For alteration of material of street or road. 
 (8) For alteration of Tramway to admit of erections in street. 
 (9) A Penalty for not making alteration of Tramway required. 
 (10) License for use of mechanical power. 
 (11) Saving rights of London County Council to stop up streets. 
 (12) As to purchase of Tramways as provided by Section 40 of the Tramways Act, 1870. 
 
 
 
 Tur Sewer Clause provides :— 
 
 For 21 days’ notice to the Council before Works are commenced, and reasonable orders of the Council shall 
 be complied with. All Works to be executed under the control of the Council, and the expenses to be 
 borne by the promoters. All rights, powers and authority of the Council preserved. 
 
 
 
 Tue Bripce CiauseE provides :— 
 
 That no bridge carrying a street over a railway shall be constructed so as to lessen the present width of the 
 street, including the footways ; the bridge must not be less than 40 feet wide between the parapets, and 
 must be screened so as to prevent the escape of steam, &c., into the roadway. 
 
 That when a railway bridge is constructed over a street, there must be a headway of not less than 18 feet 
 [or not less than that of the adjacent bridge] and a clear span of not less than 40 feet. 
 
 That all bridges are to be of a reasonably ornamental character; to be made and maintained (as to 
 bridges over roads) so as to prevent the dripping of water therefrom; to deaden the sound of traffic 
 passing over such roads, and the parapets of such bridges to be carried up to a height of not less than 7 
 feet above the rail level, or sufficient to hide the trains from view of the street. 
 
 No work to be commenced until 21 days’ previous notice in writing has been given to the Council; also 
 reasonable directions of the Council to be complied with; the Council to be saved harmless against all 
 expenses ; works to be done to the satisfaction of the Council, and all their expenses are to be paid by 
 the promoters. 
 
 
 
 THe PLracarp CLavsE provides :— 
 
 That no placards or advertisements (except those approved by the Council) shall be exhibited upon any part 
 of the works authorised by an Act; if so, they may be removed by the Council, but this does not apply 
 to the advertisements of a Railway Company relating to their own traffic. 
 
 
 
 Tue Burtpinc Act Cause provides :— 
 
 That no street or footway may be encroached upon without the consent of the Council, and no building 
 may be erected or maintained, beyond the general line of frontage. Buildings must be subject to the 
 Metropolitan Buildings Act. 
 
 
 
 Tue Workmen’s TRAIN CLAUSES provide :— 
 
 . . . ° - (al = 
 That a Railway Company may not claim exemption from the Board of Trade requirements under the “ Cheap 
 Trains Act, 1883,” or from any general or special Act which may be passed. 
 
 A Railway Company is required to run a certain number of trains morning and evening at cheap fares for 
 the convenience of the labouring classes, the Board of Trade having power to fix and regulate the same, 
 and the liability of the Company to pay compensation for injury to a passenger by such trains net to 
 exceed £100. 
 
 
 
 Tur LapourinG Ciass CLAusEs provide :— 
 
 That when twenty or more houses occupied by persons of the labouring class are taken under the powers_of 
 an Act, suitable accommodation shall be found for the persons displaced in the immediate neighbour- 
 hood, subject to the approval of the Secretary of State for the Home Department and subject to certain 
 provisions. 
 
 It is also provided that when houses have already been acquired by agreement or otherwise before the 
 passing of an Act, they shall be deemed to have been acquired for the purposes of the Act in which this 
 clause is inserted, and the persons displaced must also be accommodated. 
 
 (6321) G 
 
 
 

 
 20 
 
 4.—Certain minor Powers now vested in bodies other than the London 
 County Council, which might with advantage be concentrated in the 
 
 central body. 
 
 eee reer 
 
 Statute under which the 
 duty arises. 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 Sale of Food and Drugs Act, 
 1875, 38 and 39 Vict., c. 63; 
 and Amendment Act, 1879, 
 42 and 43 Vict., c. 30. 
 
 Gasworks Clauses Act, 1847, 
 10 and 11 Vict., c.15; and 
 Metropolis Gas Act, 1860, 
 23 and 24 Vict., c. 125. 
 
 Habitual Drunkards Act, 1879, 
 42 and 43 Vict., c. 19; and 
 The Inebriates Act, 1888, 51 
 and 52 Vict., c. 19. 
 
 Army Act, 1881, 44 and 45 
 Vict., c. 58. 
 
 Militia Storehouses, 17 and 18 
 Vict., c. 105. 
 
 Prisons Act, 1877, 40 and 41 
 Vict., c.-21. 
 
 Subject matter or duty 
 
 Correlative powers to 
 those in column 2 originally 
 vested in Justices of the 
 
 
 
 proposed to be transferred | City of London or Court Remarks. 
 to the Council. of the Mayor and 
 Aldermen in the Inner 
 Chamber. 
 2 ‘ 4 
 The appointment of per- |The jurisdiction in the| The Council have no 
 
 sons as analysts of all 
 articles of foodand drugs 
 sold within the district. 
 
 Disagreement between 
 Company and Vestry or 
 District Board as to 
 breaking up roads to lay 
 pipes and mains. 
 
 Powers in the Court of 
 Quarter Sessions to li- 
 cense houses as retreats 
 for habitual drunkards. 
 
 Power in Court of Quarter 
 Sessions to increase, if 
 necessary, the scale of 
 charges to be made for 
 carriages and _ horses 
 removing baggage and 
 stores. 
 
 Justices to provide store- 
 houses, purchase addi- 
 tional ones, and sell 
 those which may be un- 
 necessary. 
 
 As to providing prisons 
 Authority—namely, the 
 Prison Commissioners. 
 The Justices are to ap- 
 point Visiting Com- 
 mittees. 
 
 The Boroughd ustices shall 
 hold special Sessions to 
 appoint members, but 
 there is no power in the 
 County Council to be 
 represented. 
 
 Justices may make recom- 
 mendations as to aid to 
 be granted to discharged 
 prisoners. 
 
 City is in the Commis- 
 sioners of Sewers. 
 
 In the City the jurisdiction 
 is still with the City 
 Justices. 
 
 City Authority, Court of 
 Lord Meyor and Alder- 
 men. 
 
 In the City,Commissioners 
 of Lieutenancy. 
 
 Prison Authority in City— 
 theCourt of Lord Mayor 
 and Aldermen. 
 
 powers under this Act. 
 In the Metropolis out- 
 side the City, the 
 authority is in the ves- 
 tries or district boards. 
 
 The appeal to the Secre- 
 tary of State in case of 
 
 difference between 
 Company and Local 
 Authority should be 
 
 transferred to the 
 Council. 
 
 The powers of the Quarter 
 Sessions have not been 
 transferred to the 
 County Council. In 
 Scotland the powers 
 have been sotransferred 
 by Local Government 
 (Scotland) Act, 1889. 
 
 This power should be 
 transferred to the 
 Council as a_ repre- 
 sentative body. 
 
 No transference to the 
 Council, but it is sug- 
 gested that there 
 should be. 
 
 a 8 a = en ap 2 RR oe RTE RR A I RR I a EE I 8 A RE LE TS 
 
 a 
 
 pee 
 
 
 

 
 5.—Expenditure in respect of the powers of the London County Council, 
 
 which is payable out of the County Fund for general County purposes, 
 
 and therefore chargeable on all parishes in the Metropolis, inclusive of 
 
 the City. 
 
 
 
22 
 
 5,— Expenditure in respect of the Powers of the London County Council, which is payable 
 all parishes in the Metropolis, 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Classification of Expenditure. Heads of Expenditure. 
 Sub. 
 E.— Debt ee ee ee ee eo ee ee ee a = ard — ae = 
 Management of Metropolitan Consolidated Stock oe = = — — — = 
 I 
 1¥.— Administrative ee oe ee eo oe oe 1. Pensions by the late Metropolitan Board and the Council .. 
 2. Judicial Expenses eo ee eo eo ee ee 
 3. Council Election and Revising Barristers .. ve oe 
 4, Establishment Charges.. oe ee ee oe ee 
 5. Parliamentary Expenses ee ee ee ee ee an 
 6. Electric Lighting s ve ee oe ee ee a 
 7. Theatres and Music Halls, Music and Dancing Licenses .. 
 8. Subways .. 3. oe oe ee ve ee ve oe 
 9. Thames Floods Prevention .. ee ee ve ee ee 
 10, Contagious Diseases (Animals) Act .. ve ve ee ee 
 11. Electric Lighting oe oe ee oe oe A 
 12. Water Supply Enquiry.. oe ve ve ee se a 
 13. Miscellaneous Charges .. ee ee ee ve oe coe 
 111.— Works oe ee ee ee ee eo ee 1, Main Drainage Expenses ee ee ee ee ee ee 
 2. Fire Brigade Expenses: Regulations as regards fire in Theatres 
 and Music Halls 
 3. Parks and Open Spaces.. ee ve ee ee ee ee 
 4, Bridges and Woolwich Ferry .. ee ee ee ee ee 
 5. Thames Embankments.. <0 ee ee ee ee an 
 iV.—Grants to Local Authorities. . eo ee eo ee 1. Main Roads ee ee *e ee se ee “© “3 
 2. Indoor Poor ee eo eo ee ee ee ee ee 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 out of the County Fund _ for general county purposes, 
 
 inclusive of the City. 
 
 9 
 
 and therefore chargeable on 
 
 0 eS Ee 
 
 Lae 
 
 Originally conferred upon 
 
 
 
 i 
 
 Expend 
 
 iture out of the County Fund, 
 the charge for which 
 falls upon both the County and City Ratepayers. 
 [The figures for 1890-91 are used. | 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Moneys borrowed 
 
 by the London 
 
 County Council up 
 to the end of 1893 
 and now being paid | 
 
 Remarks— 
 
 [Expenditure by 
 the City ot London 
 
 Corporation 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Justices, Me. Bc Wis in ae be: F 
 and transferred to the and transferred to the | ei peas eae for the same class 
 London County London County P: nes Receipts in aid) 44 Payments diture is incurred. of service—the 
 Council. Council. _ yt to be deducted. St ae (See Class I ) year 1891. | 
 CMe RS) Gs 2o.0 wis. IGE £ Sons ass Oe £ s. d. 
 | J. { M.B-W. 831,314 18 3 — 56,657 16 10 
 _ — 11,334 3 4 Bridges. 
 942,649 1 7 208 7 - 842,445 14 7 
 - M.B.W. 8,458 11 6 41416 2 8,043 15 4 — — 
 J. — 38,143 4 -| 6,665 6 11 S477 170 ¥ — 7,461 4 9 
 J. (as to Revising a ‘1,365.17 4 3110 4 1,834 7 - — = 
 | Barristers) . 
 — M.B.W. (as to part). 87,266 17 5 2,640 15 4 84,626 2 1 — 5 
 = M.B.W. 15,054 10 6 SA = 15,054 10 6 == cr 
 — M.B.W. 876 19 8 - - - 876 19 8 a aes 
 Justices of County and —_ 1,528 10 4 22 Doe | 1,307 5 4 = - 
 City Justices, 
 = M.B.W. 284 19 10 Pee Ne ae 206 19 10 — — 
 J = M.B.W. 520 15 4 =) Sl = 52015 4 48,609 2 = 
 — M.B.W. 9,365 10 9 851 5 6 8,514 5 3 a ae 
 — — sy abi, ala = ee ay al all = = 
 a = 608 4 6 =} =) = | 608 4 6 — Power originally 
 | conferred upon 
 | IAC. 
 = — 701 12 2 482 6 8 269 5 6 os a 
 | 152,845 19 4 
 | en ee Tee NY 
 | = M.B.W. Items Ie as) 4,858 17 1 162,654 14 8 | 7,466,222 15 ex 
 N = M.B.W. 128,294 - 2] 42,0638 - 10 86,230 19 4 613,328 18 - 
 — M.B.W. 58,900 11 5 15815 8| 58,741.15 9 | 1,065,501 10 _ 
 = M.B.W. 18,464 12 4 908 6 8 | 17,556 5 8 | 2,818,005 7 5,354 1 
 | 
 | 
 — M.B.W. 10,955" Lom 9 50 - - 10;905" 115" 9 2,161,347 2 10 
 336.089 11 2 |14,173,014 17 4 
 LS Jagat 2 tks 
 — — 95 7 8 - = - 95 7 8 (a) 
 — = 407,391 16 8 is Pie 407,391 16 8 
 407,487 4 4 
 | 
 5 
 
 
 
 
 
 (a) Besides this debt the 
 
 , involve annual charge on the rates in respect of maintenance. The annual ¢ 
 the end of 1893 was as follows :— 
 Debts of former Commissioners of Sewers 
 Street Improvements 
 Local Improvements 
 
 the smount borrowed up to 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 re is further debt being paid off by the ratepaye 
 
 
 
 12,583,096 11 
 
 £13,870,860 1 
 
 —————————————— 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 £1,738,868 9 
 
 
 
 ————— 
 
 £ Sone the 
 275000 - - 
 
 5 
 
 1,012,763 10 2 
 
 
 
 
 
 rs of the whole administrative County, the services 
 
 harge for this debt is included in the £842,445 14s. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 for which do not 
 
 7d. (No. 1) and 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 24 
 
 6.—Powers of the London County Council exercised in the County but 
 stayed in respect of the area of the City. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Burtpine Acts, Lonpon Sxy Sians, anp OVERHEAD Wires Acts. 
 
 The Metropolitan Building Act, 1855, 18 & 19 Vict. c. 122.—The powers of part 2 of this 
 Act as to dangerous structures in the City are vested in the City Commissioners of Sewers. 
 
 The Metropolitan Building Act, 1869, 32 & 33 Vict. c. 82, transferred to the Board the duties 
 in connection with dangerous structures in the Metropolis (excluding the City), which, under the 
 Act of 1855, were discharged by the Metropolitan Police. 
 
 Metropolis Management Act, 1862, 25 & 26 Vict. c. 102.—Section 74 of this Act empowers 
 the Council to require the owner of any building which projects beyond the general line of the 
 street, should such building at any time be pulled down or demolished, to set back such building 
 for the improvement of the street. This power does not apply to the City or the Inns of Court, 
 but the City has similar power under 11 & 12 Vict. c. 163, sec. 1538. 
 
 The Metropolis Management and Building Acts Amendment Act, 1878, 41 & 42 Vict. c. 14.— 
 Part 2 empowers the Council to make bye-laws as to the foundations and sites of buildings, and 
 also empowers the Council to pull down and sell the materials of buildings not erected in 
 conformity with such bye-laws; by Section 20 the City is excluded from Part 2. 
 
 The Metropolis Management and Building Acts Amendment Act, 1882, 45 Vict. c. 14.—The 
 provisions of Sections 6, 7, 8 and 13, as to obstructions in streets, the requirement to afford direct 
 communication between two streets, the restrictions as to laying out streets for foot traffic only, 
 and as to temporary or movable wooden structures do not (see Section 26) apply to the City. 
 
 The London Sky Signs Act, 1891, 54 & 55 Vict. c. 78, provides that it shall be unlawful to 
 erect sky-signs in the county of London, after the 3rd July, 1891, without license from the 
 Council as to the part of the county outside the City; and that sky signs erected previously to 
 the passing of the Act shall only be retained by license for a term not exceeding six years, 
 The powers of the Act within the City are vested in the Commissioners of Sewers. 
 
 The London Overhead Wires Act, 1891, 54 & 55 Vict. c. 7 7, provides that within a month 
 after a Company shall have placed a wire overhead, they shall give notice to the Council and the 
 Local Authority specifying the position and locality in which the wire has been placed, and the 
 Council may make bye-laws, to be approved by the Board of Trade, for the whole county with 
 reference to the identification, regulation, strength of materials and removal of wires, and after 
 such bye-laws have been made the wires shall be placed subject to and in accordance with the 
 bye-laws. The Council, or other Local Authority, may appoint Inspectors for the purposes of 
 
 the Act. 
 
 Local Authority, other than the Council, outside the City means any Vestry or District Board. 
 
 Local Authority for the City is the Commissioners of Sewers. 
 
 Housing or tHE Workine Crasses Act. 
 
 Housing of the Working Classes Act, 1890, 53 & 54 Vie. ec. 70, repeals in whole or in 
 part the Acts known as Shaftesbury’s, Torren’s, and Cross’ Acts. 
 
 The Local Authority for the County of London for the purposes of Parts I. and III. of the 
 Act is the Council. For the City, throughout the Act, the Local Authority is the Commissioners 
 of Sewers. 
 
 Part I. lays down the procedure under which improvement schemes are to be made for the 
 clearance of large unhealthy areas and the re-arrangement and re-construction of the streets, 
 and the erection thereon of dwellings for the working classes. 
 
 Part II. enables Vestries and District Boards, in the case of unhealthy dwellings, to obtain 
 a closing order from a Magistrate, as provided by the Sanitary Acts, followed if need be by an 
 order for demolition, and incorporates such of the provisions of those Acts as are necessary for 
 the purpose. It also enables the Council and Vestries and District Boards to carry out smal] 
 schemes of clearance. 
 
 Part III. empowers the Council to acquire land for, and to erect and manage lodging houses 
 for the working classes. 
 
 Lunacy anp Inranr Lire Protection, PRevENTION oF CRUELTY TO CHILDREN AND SHOP 
 Hours Acts. 
 
 The Lunacy Acts (Amendment) Act, 1889, 52 & 53 Vic.,c. 41. amends the Acts relating to 
 pauper lunatics, and by Sec. 91 the Common Council is the Local Authority within the City. 
 
 The Lunacy Act, 1890, 53 Vic., c 5, consolidates and amends the law relating to the 
 reception and maintenance of pauper lunatics, and the management of Asylums. Sec. 240 makes 
 the Common Council the Local Authority for the City. 
 
 Infant Life Protection Act, 1872, 35 & 36 Vic., c. 38, provides for the registration of persons 
 and houses where infants are received for nursing and maintenance. 
 
 The Common Council are the Local Authority (Sec. 1 First Schedule) for the City and 
 the Consolidated Sewers Rate is charged with their expenses. 
 
 Prevention of Cruelty to and Protection of Children Act, 1889, 52 & 53 Vic., c. 44, which 
 gives power to the Council in the County of London, excluding the City, from time to time to 
 extend or restrict the hours during which children may not be employed in singing, playing or 
 performing for profit or offering anything for sale. The Authority within the City is the 
 Common Council. 
 
 Shop Hours Act, 1892, 55 and 56 Vict., c. 62, regulates the hours of the employment of 
 young persons in shops, and empowers the Council to appoint Inspectors for the execution of the 
 
 Act within the County of London, exclusive of the City. The Authority under the Act for the 
 City is the Common Council. 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 29 
 
 Gas Aorts. 
 
 Sale of Gas Act, 1859, 22 and 23 Vict., c. 66, provides for the sale of gas by a recognised 
 standard meter, and that copies of models of gasholders shall be deposited with the Lord Mayor 
 of London, and that Inspectors of Meters should be appointed in General or Quarter Sessions. 
 
 The powers of appointment of Inspectors and Examiners of meters given by this Act, as 
 amended by the Metropolitan Gas Act, 1860, were transferred to the Metropolitan Board, now 
 the Council, by the Metropolis Gas Amendment Act, 1861—(24 and 25 Vict., c. 179.) 
 
 Metropolitan Gas Act, 1860, 23 & 24 Vic. c. 125, provides for the appointment of Gas Examiners 
 by local authorities taking a supply of gas, for the control of testing places, and generally as to the 
 illuminating power, purity and pressure of gas supplied by Companies, and as to the enforcement, 
 of penalties for non-compliance with provisions of the Act. The Corporation, by the City of London 
 Gas Act, 1868 (31 & 32 Vic. c. 125), is authorised to manage testing places and appoint Examiners 
 in the City. 
 
 The Commercial Gas Act, 1875, 38 & 39 Vict. c. cc, provides for the appointment by the 
 Metropolitan Board of Gas Examiners for the several testing places, for the modes and times of 
 testing, and for reports to the Board, and for certified accounts being forwarded to the Board. 
 
 The Gaslight and Coke Company Act, 1876, 39 & 40 Vict. c. ccxxv, provides for the 
 appointment of Gas Examiners by the Corporation within the City and by the Metropolitan Board 
 elsewhere, as to the mode of testing, and for copies of audited accounts being delivered to the 
 Board and Corporation. 
 
 The Gaslight and Coke and other GasCompanies Acts Amendment Act, 1880, c. 181, provides 
 for improving the standards, for ascertaining and testing the illuminating power, purity, and 
 pressure of gas, and that an average of tests should represent the purity of gas. The Council 
 as the Local Authority is required to appoint Gas Examiners at all testing stations in the 
 Metropolis, outside the City parishes, but the Corporation is the Authority for the appointment 
 of Examiners for the City. 
 
 Water Act. 
 
 Metropolis Water Act, 1871, 34 and 35 Vic., c. 113, which empowers the Council as the 
 Local Authority for the County of London, in certain cases, to call upon the Water Companies to 
 give a constant supply of water. There are important provisions as to regulations for constant 
 supply, and the Metropolitan Board are the *‘ Metropolitan Authority,” except in the parishes of the 
 City, where the Corporation is the ‘‘ Metropolitan Authority.” The Metropolitan Board was 
 empowered to call upon the Companies to supply fire plugs throughout the whole of the 
 Metropolis. 
 
 TRAMWAYS AND Higuways anp Locomotives Acts. 
 
 The Tramways Act, 1870, 33 & 34 Vic., c. 78, contains provisions for the construction and 
 regulating the working of tramways, the Metropolitan Board of Works being constituted the 
 Local Authority for the Metropolis (excluding the City). The Act empowers the Local Authority 
 to require the Promoters of a tramway to sell their undertaking to them after the expiration of 
 21 years from the date when such tramway was authorised to be constructed. The Local 
 Authority for the City is the Corporation. 
 
 The Highways and Locomotives Amendment Act, 1878, 41 & 42 Vic., c. 77, empowers the 
 Council to make bye-laws for regulating the use of steam locomotives on highways and main 
 roads in the Metropolis, exclusive of the City of London, the Authority in the Uity being the 
 Jommon Council. 
 
 PrrROLEUM, EXPLosIves AND WeIGHTS AND Measures ACTS. 
 
 The Petroleum Acts, 1871 & 1879, 34 & 35 Vict. c. 105 and 42 & 48 Vict. c. 47, provide 
 that no petroleum over 3 gallons in bulk shall be kept or stored in any premises in the County of 
 London except in pursuance of a license from the Council, and that the Council, by their officers, 
 may test petroleum so as to ascertain the temperature at which it will give off inflammable 
 vapour. The Local Authority in the City is the Court of the Lord Mayor and Aldermen ; in the 
 rest of the County the Council is the Local Authority. 
 
 The Explosives Act, 1875, 38 Vict. c. 17, provides for the regulation, manufacture, storage 
 and conveyance of explosives. The Local Authority in the City is now the Common Council; 
 in the rest of the County the Council is the Local Authority. 
 
 Weicuts AND Mrasurss AcTs. 
 
 Weights and Measures Act, 1878, 41 & 42 Vict. c. 49, provides for the making of regulations 
 for the verification and stamping of weights and measures, and the appointment of Inspectors. 
 
 Weights and Measures Act, 1889, 52 & 53 Vict. c. 21, prescribes the manner in which coal 
 shall be sold and delivered to purchasers, and enacts that bread shall be sold by weight when so 
 requested by the purchaser. 
 
 Weights and Measures (Purchase) Act, 1892, 55 & 56 Vict. c. 18, empowers the Council to 
 purchase by agreement the franchise of any weights and measures, 
 
 The Acts of 1878, 1889, and 1892, are to be read as one, and the Locai Authority within the 
 City was, by the Act of 1878, the Court of the Lord Mayor and Aldermen of the City and the 
 London County Council is the Local Authority by the Act of 1888 for the rest of the County. 
 By the last-mentioned Act the Common Council is made the Local Authority for the City. 
 
 SLAUGHTER-HOUSES AND ConTaGcious Diszases (AnrimALs) Acts, AND Pustic Hrarta Act. 
 
 Slaughter-houses, &c. (Metropolis) Act, 1874, 37 & 38 Vict. c. 67. Providing for the absolute 
 prohibition against establishing anew, in the County of London, including the City, the businesses of 
 blood-boiler, bone-boiler, manure manufacturer, soap-boiler, tallow melter, or knacker, and for the 
 establishment anew of certain other offensive businesses with the sanction of the Local Authority, 
 which for the Metropolis was the Metropolitan Board, and for the City the Commissioners of 
 Sewers. It also empowered the Board to make bye-laws for regulating the conduct of businesses 
 specified in the Act, outside the City, and gave similar power to the Commissioners of Sewers 
 within the City. 
 
 (The whole of this Act has been repealed by the Public Health (London) Act, 1891 but in 
 effect is re-enacted by Section 19 of that Act.) 
 
 
 

 
 Notre — Although 
 the City have separate 
 jurisdiction or have 
 no power under the 
 seven Acts of Parlia- 
 ment included in this 
 and the next follow- 
 ing sub-division, the 
 City contributes to 
 any expense incurred 
 under such Acts by 
 the Couneil. 
 
 Nore.—This and 
 the next following 
 Act are set out for 
 information, but the 
 Council have no 
 powers under either 
 of the Acts. 
 
 See note above as to 
 this Act. 
 
 26 
 
 . 
 
 Contagious Diseases (Animals) Act, 1878, 4] & 42 Vict. c. 74, provides for the enforcement 
 by Local Authorities of orders made by the Privy Council, dealing with contagious, and infectious 
 diseases of cattle and other animals; requires the registration, with Local Authorities, of all 
 cowkeepers, dairymen or purveyors of milk; the inspection of cattle in dairies, and prescribes as 
 to the lighting, ventilation, &c., of dairies and cowsheds, and the precautions to be taken for 
 protecting milk against infection. Local Authorities to appoint Inspectors and other officers for 
 the execution and enforcement of the Act. 
 
 The Local Authority for the Metropolis, except the City, is the Council, the local Authority 
 for the City being the Corporation. The Corporation is also the sole authority for the whole of 
 the County of London for the purposes of the provisions of the Act relating to foreign animals. 
 
 The Contagious Diseases Acts Repeal Act, 1886, 49 Vict. c. 10, repeals the Contagious Diseases 
 Acts, 1866 to 1869. 
 
 The Public Health (London) Act, 1891, 54 & 55 Vic. c. 76, deals comprehensively with the 
 question of the prevention of nuisances and the carrying on of offensive trades, and the removal 
 of offensive or noxious matter and the making of bye-laws by the Council for the County of 
 London, excluding the City, the Sanitary Authority in the City being the Commissioners of 
 Sewers. Section 96 of the Act also contains provisions with reference to regulating the occupa- 
 tion of underground rooms as dwellings, the Sanitary Authorities for this purpose, outside the 
 City, being the Vestries and District Boards, the Council, in case of default, to institute the 
 necessary proceedings. In the City the Commissioners of Sewers are the Sanitary Authority, 
 and the Council has no control over them. 
 
 GENERAL PARKS AND GARDENS ACTS. 
 
 The Gardens in Towns Protection Act, 1863, 26 Vict., c. 13, provides that any garden or 
 ornamental ground in the Metropolis set apart for the use of the inhabitants, and not set in 
 proper order, may be dealt with by the Council and vested in a Committee of rated inhabitants, 
 to be kept as a garden or ornamental ground. In the event of the inhabitants not accepting the 
 charge the Council is to place the control of the garden under the Vestry or District Board. 
 
 The Metropolitan Open Spaces Act, 1877, 40 and 41 Vict., c. 35, authorises the Council to 
 acquire and hold open spaces, such as gardens in squares for the benefit of the public. 
 
 The Metropolitan Open Spaces Act, 1881, 44 & 45 Vic., c. 34, extended the operation of the 
 last mentioned Act, and includes disused burial grounds among the open spaces which may be 
 transferred to the Council, the City or to any Vestry, or district Board for the benefit of the 
 public. 
 
 The Open Spaces Act, 1887, 50 & 51 Vic., c. 32, extends the provisions of the Open Spaces 
 Act, 1881, to burial grounds vested in the Council, and empowers the Council to acquire land for 
 public walks and pleasure grounds, and to contribute towards the cost of public walks and 
 pleasure grounds provided by other persons. 
 
 GENERAL Commons AND OPEN Spaces Acts. 
 
 The Metropolitan Commons Act, 1866, 29 & 30 Vict. c. 122, provides for the preservation of 
 commons and open spaces in and near London. Under this Act the Metropolitan Board presented 
 memorials to the Inclosure Commissioners with respect to commons within the area of the 
 County, and the Conimissioners made enquiry and prepared schemes for their management, which 
 schemes were confirmed by Parliament. 
 
 The Metropolitan Commons Act, 1878, 41 and 42 Vic., c. 71, empowers the Council to 
 purchase and hold, with a view to prevent the extinction of the rights of common, any saleable 
 rights in common, or any tenement of a commoner to which rights of common are annexed. 
 
 ~ The Open Spaces Act, 1890, 53 and 54 Vic, ¢. 15, contains provisions for trustees of land 
 which is held for purposes of public recreation, to transfer such land to the Local Authority of 
 the district in which such land is situate. The Local Authority for the County of London is the 
 Council, or any Vestry or District Board within whose district the land shall be situate. In the 
 City the powers of the Act are in the Corporation. 
 
 The Metage on Grain (Port of London) Act, 1872, 36 & 37 Vic., cap. ¢., provides for the 
 abolition of the compulsory metage on grain paid to the Deputy Corn Meters, and in lieu thereof a 
 fixed small metage due is substituted and authorised to be levied until the 31st October, 1902, for 
 creating a fund, to be held by the Corporation, for the preservation of open spaces not within the 
 Metropolis, as defined by the Metropolitan Management Act, 1855, and for this purpose the 
 Corporation are authorised to borrow money on the credit of the grain duty, and on their estates 
 and revenues, not exceeding £99,000, which sum is to be repaid within 30 years after the 31st 
 October, 1872. 
 
 The Corporation of London (Open Spaces) Act, 1878, 41 & 42 Vict. c. exxvii, empowers the 
 Corporation, by agreement with the Dean and Chapter of St. Paul’s Cathedral, to acquire and 
 manage the churchyard of St. Paul as an open space, and to acquire by purchase, gift, or 
 otherwise, the freehold or other interest in common lands which are outside the area of the 
 Metropolis Management Act, 1855, but within 25 miles of the City, such lands to be held by the 
 Corporation as open spaces, uninclosed and unbuilt upon. 
 
 LocaL GOVERNMENT Act, 1888. 
 
 Local Government Act, 1888, 51 & 52 Vict. c. 41, transferred to the London County 
 Council the powers, duties, and liabilities of the Metropolitan Board of Works. 
 
 The Act also transferred to the Council from the Justices, or other bodies or persons, powers 
 as to the part of the county, other than the City, in regard to— 
 
 Appointment of Coroners. 
 
 Prisons, including portion of debt taken ever from the Justices of counties outside the City. 
 
 County bridges. : 
 
 Provisions for and enlargement and management of asylums for pauper lunatics, and pauper 
 tunatics without settlement, including portion of debt taken over from late County Justices. 
 
 Reformatory schools. 
 
 Drowned bodies. 
 
 
 
 — eT 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 . Powers of the London County Council exercised over and limited to the 
 
 area of the county outside the City, and the correlative powers 
 “ extant within the City; together with the Expenditure in respect 
 of those powers distinguishing the Expenditure chargeable on the 
 
 Ratepayers and that paid out of other sources. 
 
 (6321) 
 

 
 No. Acts of Parliament. 
 
 7. Powers of the London County Council exercised over and limited to the area of the county outside the 
 
 TE 
 
 Nature of the powers and duties under the Acts. 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 1855. 
 
 METROPOLITAN BUILDING 
 Act, 18 and 19 Vic., cap. 
 122. 
 
 2 1859. 
 
 Gas Sate BY MEASURE, 
 22 and 23 Vic., cap. 66; 
 and 24 and 25 Vic., cap. 
 79; and Gas Meter Test- 
 ing and Appoi: tment of 
 Inspectors. 
 
 3 1860. 
 
 METROPOLITAN Gas ACT, 
 23 and 24 Vic., cap. 125. 
 Testing Stations and Gas 
 Examiners and their Ex- 
 penses. 
 
 
 
 The various powers of the Building Act, 1855, relating to the construction of buildings; approval of plans of 
 buildings to which the rules of the Act are inapplicable; to determine in case of difference questions 
 as to conversion of houses into public buildings; to allow buildings containing more than 216,000 cubic 
 feet; to regulate the height of buildings; to consent as to the extension of buildings ; to permit variations 
 from provisions as to open spaces in rear of buildings; to take proceedings in cases of dilapidated and 
 neglected buildings; the appointment, payment, and pensioning of District Surveyors in every part of the 
 County, including the City area, are exercised and controlled exclusively by the County Council; but as 
 regards the repair or prevention of dangerous structures, the powers of the County Council are limited to 
 the area outside the City parishes, and this particular power, as regards the City parishes, is vested in the 
 Commissioners of Sewers. This special duty as to dangerous structures involves separate accounts and duplicate 
 expenditures. 
 
 To secure (amongst other purposes to the Metropolitan consumer of gas) a recognised standard meter, and for 
 providing for copies of models of gasholders, as approved by the Treasury, being deposited with the Lord 
 Mayor and with the Council, and for the sale by measure of gas according to meters stamped and approved 
 according to the models. This Act secured for the first time the advantages to the consumers of gas at 
 charges according to stamped meter, and directed the appointment of Inspectors of Meters at the expense of 
 the ratepayers. Their appointment was vested in General or Quarter Sessions of the County or County of a 
 City, and therefore in the City, but in 1861 this power of appointment of Inspectors and Examiners of Meters 
 was transferred to the Metropolitan Board of Works, who were directed to raise the expenses out of the 
 Metropolitan rate, exclusive of the City of London, although the Inspectors were to be appointed by the Board 
 of Works for the whole Metropolis, including the City (see Section 4 of the Act of 1859, as amended by the 
 Metropolis Gas Amendment Act, 1861, 24 and 25 Vict. cap. 79, and the definition of the Metropolis therein 
 contained, which is the same as that contained in the Metropolis Local Management Act of 1855), and 
 
 included the City Parishes. 
 
 This Act had for its object the securing to the public the supply of gas at a price, and of certain standard 
 illuminating power, purity and pressure, and for the providing of testing places. The Act only provided for a 
 Local Authority taking a supply of gas establishing proper apparatus for testing the illuminating power and 
 purity of the gas on the rules laid down in the Act and the Acts amending the same, and from time to time 
 gave them the power of apppointment and, out of any funds applicable by them, for their Local Purposes 
 authority to pay a Chemical Examiner or Gas Engineer as an Examiner for the purposes of the Act, and 
 subjected the Gas Companies to certain penalties in case of making default in complying with the provisions 
 of the Act as regards the supply of gas, and allowed the penalties to be sued for in the ordinary police courts. 
 The Metropolitan Board of Works not being a Local Authority taking a supply of gas, could not exercise 
 the powers of this Act. The City of London, however, could, and did, appoint Examiners and sue for 
 and recover penalties. The Act enacted that all penalties adjudged within the City of London should be 
 payable to the Chamberlain of the City of London in aid of the expenses of the police of the said City, and 
 declared that all expenditure incurred by the Local Authority under the Act should be paid out of a rate to 
 be raised in the ordinary way under the Metropolis Local Management Act, but as the Metropolitan Board of 
 Works was not a Local Authority, the appointment of Chemical Examiner and Gas Engineer remained under 
 this Act, and until 1875, vested only in the City of London and Vestries. It was left to private bill legislation 
 to correct this position, and to confer the powers of the Central Authority. 
 
 In 1875 and 1876 the three great Gas Companies—the Commercial, the Gas Light and Coke, and the South 
 Metropolitan Gas Companies—obtained private Acts of Parliament in which provisions for the first time were 
 inserted that the Metropolitan Board of Works should appoint and keep a Gas Examiner at the testing station, 
 who was to be paid by each of the Companies, with an appeal from his findings as regards purity, pressure, and 
 light to a Chief Examiner appointed by the Board of Trade, and in 1880 these three Companies obtained 
 another private Act of Parliament which, without affecting the question of the appointment of Examiners and 
 the payment thereof by the Companies respectively, improved the standards of ascertaining and testing the gas, 
 
 by providing that an average of tests should represent the purity of gas, and enacted that penalties or sums | 
 
 should be paid in case of the Gas Company’s supply being deficient according to the Examiner’s report, and 
 declared that penalties or sums ordered to be paid should, as regards the City, be recoverable and applied 
 in the same way as the penalties ordered to be paid under the old Act of 1860 were applicable, viz., in 
 reduction of police rate. Under these Acts the City Corporation is made the authority for the appointment 
 of Examiners for the gas supplied at the City parishes for the testing places, and generally as to the 
 illuminating power, purity, and pressure of gas supplied by Companies in the City of London, whilst the Board 
 was required to appoint and always keep appointed Gas Examiners at all other stations in the Metropolis 
 
 outside the City parishes 
 This system leads to duplicate expense by management and superannuation of officers, as well as an over- 
 lapping of jurisdictions. 
 ; Carried forward 
 
 those powers, distinguishing the expenditure chargeable on the ratepayers and that paid out of 
 
 SSS 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 other sources. 
 
 City, and the correlative powers extant within the City ; together with the expenditure 
 
 
 
 
 in respect of 
 
 ee seer  ————————aKGeCvVO~_er_ 
 
 Originally conferred upon 
 
 
 
 (b) By the 
 
 (a) By the Ratepayers in 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Discharged out of other Sources 
 and Dues. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Moneys bor- 
 
 
 
 The Metropolitan the parishes Paid sowed for the 
 Jetroncli Cit Ratepayers, ot the out of the Funds purposes of the 
 The Justices or Corporation, Metropolitan vif levied by the City of London, Oita - axpendions 
 and transferred by the Local Board 07; Commissioners London _ levied by the City of London specified under 
 Government Act ; County Council City Corporati 
 ; of Works of Sewers, . aac orporation. the several 
 , as special Commissioners heads and now 
 and transferred to County Rate. of Sewers [1891.] The Corporation The Thames being paid off. 
 [1890-91.] as Sewers Rate. as the Port Conservancy, and 
 : ; : Sanitary Authority, paid out of 
 [1890-91.] 
 " an : : 2 and ape out sh Dues Sa Water 
 : rom Justices orporation Funds. ents. 
 From Justices F y ‘ 
 ee apenty to the Recees us Loudon ee of [1891.] [1890-91.] 
 ey Gonrcilaths County Cuuncil. Sewers. { 
 : City. { 
 ( 
 Fr | 
 An Sy Gy aM MER Cho Ge 2  U/ Sen See ay GS Sasa 
 — — Originally | As regards 1,714 18 1] -1614 5(@) — — — we 
 vested in dangerous 
 Metropoli- | structures 
 tan Board| left under 
 of Works, the Act of 
 and trans- 1855, with 
 ferred by Commis- 
 Act of 1888] sioners of 
 to Council. | Sewers. 
 — — Ditto. oe 420 9 3] -326 8 4(a) ate = aus, = 
 m 
 = — Ditto. The Cor- 2002s, aCe Ola (nd = — — — 
 poration 
 appoints 
 Examiners 
 for the 
 City. 
 nN 
 4,698 4 7 571 4 10 — -— —_ = 
 
 (a) The receipts in aid exceeded the expenditure by these amounts. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 30 
 
 7. Powers of the London County Oouncil exercised over and limited to the area of the county outside the 
 
 No, 
 
 
 
 those powers, distinguishing the expenditure chargeable on the ratepayers and that paid out of 
 
 
 
 
 
 Acts of Parliament. Nature of the powers and lutics under the Acts, 
 | — —_— —-—- _ -_-— 
 Brought forward 
 1870. This was a General Act to facilitate the construction and to regulate the working of all Tramways, and it made 
 the Metropolitan Board of Works the Local Authority, under the Act for the Metropolis and the Metropolitan 
 Tramways Act, 33 and 34 Consolidated rate was the rate for the payment of the expenses incurred under the Act, but for the City of 
 Vic., cap. 78. London and the Liberties thereof it made the Mayor, Aldermen and Commons of the City of London the 
 
 Local Authority, and the Consolidated Sewers Rate as the local rate, and excepted from the Metropolis, the 
 City of London and Liberties thereof. The road authorities were, in the Metropolis, defined to be the parishes 
 and District Boards within the meaning of the Metropolis Local Management Act, 1855. The Act, which 
 was a general one (excepting Ireland), enabled Provisional Orders to be made for the construction of 
 tramways, on the application of the road authorities, with the consent of the Metropolitan Board of Works 
 as the Local Authority outside the City, or with the consent of the City as the Local Authority of the area 
 within the City of London. It gives important powers under Section 19 to Local Authorities who had a right 
 of acquiring the tramways by purchase, under Sections 43 and 44 after a 21 years’ term, or earlier by 
 agreement, and gave them powers when they had so acquired the property to lease or to take tolls on the 
 tramways so acquired, on terms which might be agreed to subject to the approval of the Board of Trade. 
 No Road Authority could apply for a Provisional Order except with the consent of the Metropolitan Board 
 of Works, except the City of London, and continually expenses were incurred by the Board of Works and now 
 by the Council, as its successor, in reference to these various schemes or applications for provisional orders by 
 the various Metropolitan Road Authorities, and expenses have to be incurred under the Act by the Council in 
 carrying the same into effect. But the ratepayer in the City parishes is exempt from having to contribute to 
 these expenses, although the traffic is largely to and from the City. Separate books and accounts have to be 
 kept in relation to the Council’s expenditure under this Act. 
 
 1871. This Act was intended to benefit the water consumer in the same way as the Gas Act was intended to confer 
 
 benefits on the gas consumer in the Metropolis, and to make further provisions for due supply, and in certain 
 
 METROPOLIS WATER ACT, cases, a constant supply, of pure and wholesome water, but it constituted, by Schedule A, the Metropolitan 
 34 and 35 Vic., cap. 113. Board of Works the “ Metropolitan Authority ” for carrying out the provisions of the Act for the Metropolis 
 Constant Supply, Quality, except the parishes in the City of London, and as regards those it constituted the Mayor, Aldermen, and 
 and Water Companies’ Commons of the City of London as the “ Metropolitan Authority.” The Act gives powers to each of these 
 Accounts. respective “ Metropolitan Authorities ” to call upon the Water Companies (subject to-appeal to the Board of 
 
 Trade) to supply a constant supply of pure and wholesome water, and it also conferred (but as regards this 
 power solely on the Metropolitan Board of Works and subsequently on the Council) the power of calling on 
 the Water Companies to supply fire plugs at the ratepayers’ expense throughout the whole Metropolis, 
 including the City of London. The Companies are to make regulations in reference to the constant supply 
 which are to be submitted to the Board of Trade for approval, and the Board of Works and its successor the 
 Council, as well as the City of London, have a right of appearing before the Board of Trade and objecting to 
 the ‘proposed regulations, thus enabling different views on the same class of regulations to be pressed forward 
 and argued by the two Metropolitan bodies before the Board of Trade in reference to these regulations. These 
 regulations are of the greatest possible importance, because they are to be binding on all parties in reference to 
 the mode of application of constant supply to private consumers’ houses. The Act contains most important 
 provisions with regard to the quality of the water, the accounts of the Companies being rendered to the Board 
 of Trade, the appointment of an auditor by the Board of Trade, and a particular audit of the Water Com- 
 panies’ accounts, all the powers and duties of the Board of Trade under this Act were by the Public Health 
 Act, 1872, Sec. 35, transferred to and are now vested in the Local Government Board. 
 
 1871. Under this Act the Board of Works and the Council as its successor is made the Local Authority for the 
 Metropolis, whilst in the City of London the Court of the Lord Mayor and Aldermen is made the Local 
 
 34 and 35 Vic., cap. 105, authority, and petroleum and other similar oils which give off an inflammable vapour below a certain 
 THe PETROLEUM AOT. temperature specified in the Act (which was subsequently amended by the Petroleum Act, 1879) are only to 
 Licensing Storage. be kept or sold by license from the Local Authority. As the object of this Act was to prevent danger from 
 
 explosions and fire, and the administration of security against fire was entrusted to the Metropolitan Board 
 of Works and now to the Council, it is somewhat incomprehensible why the regulations as to the storage of 
 petroleum annexed to which are to be found such conditions as to the mode of storage, nature, and situation 
 of the premises in which, and the nature of the goods with which petroleum, to which this Act applies, is to 
 be stored, the facilities for the testing of such petroleum from time to time, the mode of carrying such 
 petroleum within the district of the Licensing Authority, and generally as to the safe keeping of such 
 petroleum as may seem expedient to the Local Authority, is to be entrusted, as regards the great bulk of the 
 Metropolis, including the docks, wharves, and premises, and large stores outside the City of London to the 
 
 Central Authority, but the same duty is not to be entrusted to that body within the City parishes. 
 By the Petroleum Hawkers Act, 1881, any person licensed under the Act of 1871 may hawk petroleum 
 by himself or his servants subject to the conditions of that Act. 
 ; Carried forward 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 City, and the correlative powers extant within the City ; together with the expenditure 
 
 other sources— 
 
 continued. 
 
 i 
 
 Originally conferred upon 
 
 
 
 The Justices or Corporation, 
 and transferred by the Local 
 Government Act. 
 
 ~_ 
 
 From Justices 
 of County to the 
 
 Zondun County Council of the 
 
 Council. 
 
 TUE EE EEE EIEE NE ESSEIIIIISIEISSS SSIES 
 
 (6321) 
 
 
 
 The 
 
 Metropolitan 
 Board 
 of Works, 
 
 City 
 
 or Commissioners 
 
 of Sewers, 
 
 and transferred to 
 
 
 
 From Justices 
 
 of the City to 
 
 the Common The London 
 
 County Council. 
 City. 
 
 ~- Transferred 
 
 from 
 M.B.W. to 
 L.C.C. 
 — Ditto. 
 Transferred | Ditto. 
 from Jus- 
 tices to 
 Common 
 Council. 
 
 
 
 
 
 The City Com- 
 missioners of 
 
 Sewers. 
 
 Powers in 
 the City 
 remain 10 
 the Cor- 
 poration. 
 
 Ditto. 
 
 
 
 (a) By the 
 
 
 
 Metropolitan the parishes Paid 
 Ratepayers, ot the out of the Funds 
 levied by the City of London, of the 
 London _ levied by the City of London 
 County Council City Corporation. 
 as special Commissioners 
 County Rate. of Sewers {1891.] 
 [1890-91.] as Sewers Rate. 
 [{1890-91.] 
 £ s. d. Sse ne) i ae 
 4698 4 7 571 4 10 = 
 995 5: 6 — = 
 1116 8 —— = (a) 
 200 16 6 a 28 6 — 
 5,010 3 3 571 4 10 28 6 — 
 
 
 
 (6) By the 
 Ratepayers in 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 The Thames 
 Conservancy, and 
 paid out of 
 and Water 
 
 Rents. 
 
 1890-91.] 
 
 The Corporation 
 as the Port 
 Sanitary Authority, 
 and paid out of 
 Corporation Funds. 
 
 Dues 
 
 [1891.] 
 
 Discharged out of other Sources 
 and Dues. 
 
 in respect of 
 
 Moneys bor- 
 rowed for the 
 purposes of the 
 expenditure 
 specified under 
 the severm 
 heads and now 
 being paid off. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Eas. a eo) 8 1G! 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 
 (a) The Corporation expended £53 11s. 7d. in connection with water supply. 
 
 K 
 
 
 
 
 
 1,200 10 6 
 
 1,200 10 6 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
7. Powers of the London County Council exercised over and limited to the area of the county outside the 
 
 those powers, distinguishing the expenditure chargeable on the ratepayers and that paid out of 
 
 
 
 
 
 No, Acts of Parliament. Nature of the powers and duties under the Acts, 
 Brought forward 
 | 1872. The object of this Act was to make better provisions for the protection of infants entrusted to persons to be 
 nursed or maintained for hire or reward in that behalf, and it effected this by requiring houses of persons 
 | Inrane Lire Prorrerron receiving for hire two or more infants for nursing to be registered. The Local Authority in the Act was made 
 AGT. 705 sand ee H Vic. the Board of Works for the area of the Metropolis outside the City of London, and the Metropolitan 
 cap. 38. Consolidated Rate was made applicable to the payment of the general expenses, whilst in the City of 
 
 London the Act made the Common Council the Local Authority, and the local rate applicable for the 
 
 expenses the Consolidated Sewers Rate. This Act directed these respective Local Authorities to register the 
 
 names of persons and houses in which infants were kept, and gave power to the Local Authority to refuse to 
 | register any house unless they were satisfied that it was suitable for the purposes for which it was to te 
 | registered, and that the person applying to be registered was of good character, and able to maintain such 
 
 infant, and in case of the death of the infant notice was to be given to the coroner within twenty-four hours 
 { of the death. Penalties were also imposed in case of breach of the provisions of the Act. Duplicate expenses 
 have therefore to be incurred under this Act for the area outside the City of London, and for the small 
 area within the City of London. 
 
 Special Sessions, and under the Metropolis Local Management Act, 1862, before Justices could license 
 SLAUGHTER Hovszes (MeE- slaughter houses notice was required of the application for a license to be given to the Vestry or District 
 TROPOLIS) Act, 87 and Board, and they might oppose the same. The Slaughter Houses Act, 1874, had for its object the absolute 
 38 Vic., cap. 67. prohibition against establishing anew certain businesses, except with the consent and sanction of the Local 
 Authority, which, by this Act, was declared to be the Metropolitan Board of Works, as regards the Metropolis 
 outside the City, and as respects the City of London and liberties thereof the Commissioners of Sewers; and 
 it entrusted to the two Local Authorities, respectively, the power to make bye-laws for the regulation of 
 offensive businesses. When sanction for the establishment of a slaughter house was granted by the Local 
 Authority. it was made by the Act obligatory on the Justices as a matter of course to grant a license, and 
 it laid down certain rules as to objections being raised by other persons against the grant of the license, and 
 before application for a licence, notice had to be given to the Metropolitan Board. 
 This Act of 1874 was repealed and re-enacted in Section 19 of the Public Health (London) Act, 1891. (See 
 below No. 19.) It again kept up the distinction between the Local authorities, but by the Local Government 
 Act, 1888, the Justices powers of Licensing were transferred to the County Council. The consent of the 
 Commissioners of Sewers is required in the City instead of the consent of the Council, as to establishing anew 
 certain businesses under the Public Health Act, 1891, and the consolidated rate is substituted for the county 
 fund as applicable to the expenses of the Act. 
 
 8 1874, | Up till 1888 slaughter houses and cow houses could only be established by license granted by the Justices at 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 
 
 
 & Bis! 1875, For regulating the manufacture, keeping, selling, carrying and importing explosives. The Local Autaority is 
 the Metropolitan Board for the Metropolis outside the City, and the Lord Mayor and Aldermen for the City. 
 
 Exriostves Act, 38 Vic., The main duties of the Local Authorities are the approval of sites for factories and magazines, the granting of 
 
 cap. 17. | licences for gunpowder stores, and for amount to be kept in stores, to keep a yearly register of retail dealers, 
 
 and the approval of firework factories. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 -] 1875. The system of erecting, hiring, holding, and working municipal lodging houses or separate cottages in the suburbs 
 for the housing of the labouring classes, introduced in the Metropolis in 1851, by Lord Shaftesbury’s Act, and 
 
 ARTIZANS’ DWELLINGs vested in the Board of Works in 1885 (see No. 14), and the concurrent advantages of dealing 
 Acts, 38 and 39 Vic., cap. with unhealthy houses and small areas introduced by Tcrrens’ Act in 1868, and vested in the Board of Works 
 
 36. in 1879 (see No. 14) were further supplemented in 1875 by what is known as Cross’s Act. It how- 
 Unhealthy Areas dealt with | ever divided the jurisdiction and application of its provisions, and allowed the ratepayers in the City Parishes 
 by Cross’s Aets. immunity from contribution to the expenses of applying the Act locally situate outside those particular 
 The powers of Torren’s Acts parishes. The population was at the last census, excluding the City, 4,194,413 inhabitants; and in 
 were not vested in the the City parishes, 37,705. Bearing in mind this comparative division of the population, and the effect which 
 Board till 1879 and the the congested districts outside the City parishes might have upon the population in the City parishes, let the 
 powers of Shaftesbury’s recitals in Cross’s Acts speak for themselves. The object of the Act was to deal with unhealthy areas. It 
 Acts were not so vested recites that ‘there were various portions of many Cities and Boroughs so built, and the buildings thereon so 
 
 till 1885. (See Nos. 14a densely inhabited as to be highly injurious to the moral and physical welfare of the inhabitants,” and that there 
 | and 148 below.) were in such portions of such Cities and Boroughs a great number of houses, courts, and alleys which by 
 
 reason of want of air, light, and ventilation, or proper conveniences or other causes are unfit for human habi- 
 tation; and fevers and diseases constantly generated there, causing illness and death not only in the courts 
 and alleys, but also in other parts of such Cities and Boroughs, and that it often happers that, owing to the 
 fact that such houses, courts and alleys are the property of several owners, it is not in the power of any one 
 
 Carried forward 
 
 
 
 ra a aa TT on 
 

 
 City, and the correlative powers extant within the City ; together with the expenditure in respect of 
 
 other sources—continued. 
 
 
 
 Originally conferred upon 
 
 Discharged out of other Sources 
 and Dues. 
 
 (0) By the 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (a) By the Ratepayers in 
 The Metropolitan the Peiahas Paid Moneys bor- 
 : : Ratepayers, of the out of the Funds debt Ls 
 The Justices or Corporation, Metropolitan | City levied by the City of London, of the E conecaiieed 
 and transferred by the Local Board or Commissioners London — levied by the City of London cied iden 
 Government Act. RwOrs County Council City Corporation Ene several: 
 of Works, of Sewers, as special Commissioners é j h ae patos 
 and transferred to County Rate. of Sewers [1891.] The Corporation The Thames Beta oe ti ot 
 [1890-91.] as Sewers Rate. as the Port Conservancy, and gp 5 
 ey a Baie ie 1890-91 Sanitary Authority, paid out of 
 (1890-91.] and paid out of | Dues and Water 
 : From Justices Corporation Funds, Rents. 
 From Justices - 13 7 . 
 of County tothe] the Cityto | qrerondon | The City Com- 1891.) [1890-91.] 
 MandaniCount the Common Coane Gouna missioners of ‘ D 
 Bonnell Y! Council of the y : Sewers, 
 City. 
 aA ‘ ; i 
 BS Sh UE 25 6 tthe ee Sa ae no kien Me Su 2 as £ §. d. 
 _ ~~ —_— —_ 5,010 3 3 571 410 28 6 - - _ 1,200 10 6 
 — Original Transferred — 238 16 1 — —_ —_ = = 
 jurisdiction | fromM.B.W. 
 left in Com-| to L.C.C. 
 mon Council, 
 | & 
 Licensing —_ Powers of — 295 16 8(a|),1,000 - - = =: = a 
 | powers trans- M.B.W. as 
 ferred from to offensive 
 Justices to businesses 
 IEC O! transferred 
 to L.C.C. 
 * 
 ~ Transferred |Transferred — 29516 (al) 2214 - — = = mae 
 from fromM.B.W. 
 Justices to | to L.C.C. 
 Common 
 Council, 
 = — ‘Ditto. Originally, 79,492 18 -— {10,000 - - — (d) — — 1,821,187 16 11 
 and now in = (2) 
 the Com- 500,000 - - 
 missioners. (¢) 
 | 
 Tear a ee eer a = € 99 » 3 a 
 85,333 5 7 {11,593 18 10 28 6 - — 2,322 388 7 5 
 
 (a) The expenses under Slaughterhouses and Explosives were not divided in the accounts at this date. Half the total is taken as fairly representing 
 
 the expenses of each. | ; 
 (6) By the London County Council. 
 (ec) By the Commissioners of Sewers of the City of London. Re . . 
 (d) The Corporation have erected Dwellings for the Poor, but the annual cost, exclusive of original outlay or interest thereon, is less than the 
 
 rents received. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
34 
 
 7. Powers of the London County Council exercised over and limited to the area of the county outside the 
 
 those powers, distinguishing the expenditure chargeable on the ratepayers and that paid out of 
 
 
 
 No, Acts of Parliament. 
 
 Nature of the powers and duties under the Acts. 
 
 
 
 Brought forward 
 
 1875. owner to make such alterations as are necessary for the public health, and that it is necessary for the public 
 
 health that many of such houses, courts, and alleys should be pulled down, and such portions of the said 
 
 ARTIZANS’ DWELLINGS Cities and Boroughs should be reconstructed, and that it was expedient that provision be made for buildings 
 Aots, 38 and 39 Vic., cap. for the working classes who might be displaced in consequence thereof. The machinery by which the Act pro- 
 
 36. 
 
 Unhealthy Areas dealt with 
 by Cross’s Acts. 
 
 The powers of Torrens’ Acts 
 were not vested in the 
 Board till 1879, and the 
 powers of Shaftesbury’s 
 Acts were not so vested 
 
 posed to effect these objects was by conferring on the Local Authority a power to frame a scheme on an official 
 medical representation of the insanitary state of the area so as to bring it within the provisions of the Act 
 under which unhealthy areas could be cleared out. It was an Act admittedly requiring central administration 
 in the Metropolis and the powers of the Act were vested therefore not in the vestries, but in the Metropolitan 
 Board of Works. As usual the Act stayed the hands of the central authority at the border of the City 
 parishes, and the Commissioners of Sewers for the City of London under the Acts of 1848 and 1851 were by 
 the Act made the Local Authority for the area of the City parishes. 
 
 So long delayed had been this needful measure, and so numerous were the areas to which it applied that 
 till 1885. (See Nos. 14A | hardly had the Act of 1875 been passed when no less than 12 official representations were made before the close of 
 and 148 below.) — con- | that year as to insanitary and unhealthy areas, 3 of which were within a quarter of a mile of the City parishes, 
 tinued. 2 within half a mile, and 2 within three-quarters of a mile. The number of houses dealt with in one block 
 within a quarter of a mile of the City parishes was 550, and in another block within the same area 450, while 
 within half a mile another block of 227 houses was dealt with. 
 
 In the words of the Act quoted it is almost incomprehensible why these areas so found to be insanitary (as 
 subsequently appeared from the Acts of Parliament confirming the schemes which cleared and dealt with these 
 areas) should not have spread their disease and fevers to the population in the City parishes which were so 
 closely contiguous to them; but yet under the Act then, as now, the expenses attending the removal of these 
 insanitary areas were required to be raised by the Metropolitan Board as a separate charge upon the ratepayers 
 outside the area of the City parishes, and the ratepayers in the City parishes contributed nothing to the expenses 
 of the Act or to these 12, or the other schemes which were carried out close at their borders under Torrens’ Act 
 or its amending statutes, or under the provisions in Part I. of the re-enacted statute of the Housing of the 
 Working Classes Act, 1890. 
 
 The twelve representations which had been made up to the close of the year 1875, increased to twenty-six 
 in 1888, when the Board of Works ceased to exist, the Council has since caused two further schemes to be made 
 for areas within 54 yards and 660 yards respectively of the boundary of a City parish, at a net cost of 
 £5,950 and £300,000. The provisions of the Act of 1875 were repealed, and re-enacted under the Housing of 
 the Working Classes Act, 1890 (see No. 17). 
 
 It has been suggested that the Ratepayers of the City parishes also had to pay the expenses of carrying out 
 the Act in the City of London, but from a parliamentary return made by the Commissioners of Sewers of the 
 City of London, it appears that the following is the one and only scheme undertaken by them immediately after 
 the passing of the Act on the 19th Oct., 1875 :— 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Size of Areas Mond 
 Bi. regarding B nee Date of 
 Approxi: which Resolu-, e770" °° Actual A why Date of 
 . mate : for the | Estimated if Official ie 
 Locality. Size of | tons under seen Fee tes = Cost y RERE Improvement 
 Size o Sec. 3 urposes | Cost, net.| +, Date. presente Sele 
 Area. of the tion. 
 have been A 
 ct. 
 passed. 
 Sq. ft. 
 Golden Lane..| 60,000 45,335 °) 
 £347,000 |£284,544,, £328,765, | 19 Oct., 1875 | 24 Oct., 1876 
 indepen- |including 
 dent of |buildings, 
 a buildings. |but ex- 
 clusive of 
 Petticoat Sq...| 78,683 interest on 
 MeetingHouse | 10,000 81.055 loans. 
 Yard , 
 Stoney Lane..| 8116 |J J 
 
 
 
 
 
 CN _ EEE 
 
 Carried forward 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 City, and the correlative powers extant within the City; together with the expenditure in respect of 
 other sources—continued. 
 
 ——————————————— a ES 
 
 
 
 ~~ 
 Originally conferred upon 
 Discharged out of other Sources 
 and Dues. 
 (6) By the 
 (a) By the algpavers in M 
 The Metropolitan the parishes Paid sath gene 
 Metropolit Cit Hate Dey ets of the out of the Funds chil bie wens 
 The Justices or Corporation, SO DO a aby, levied by the City of London, Ee ans purposes of the 
 and transferred by the Local Board or Commissioners London — levied by the City of London alps 
 Government Act. of Works. Oe dawns County Council City Corporation. sen e pane 
 : ’ as special Commissioners the severa 
 and transferred to County Rate. of Sewers [1891.] The Corporation The Thames needs pa pig 
 [1890-91.] as Sewers Rate, as the Port Conservancy, and eing paid off. 
 [1890-91.] Sanitary Authority,| paid out of 
 From Justices ; “ and paid ee se Dues uae Water 
 From Justices ; F orporation Funds. ents. 
 of County to the} Of the City to | thepondon | The City Com- 8 890-9 
 London County| te Common | qounty Council. | ™8sioners of (1892.] [1890-91.] 
 Y]) Council of the y = Sewers. 
 
 Council. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 City. 
 ee ee ee ee | ee ee eee ee ee 
 a Seed Be eh ae G8, 0k a kB UE oe Sd. £ $8. d 
 a — — _ — 85,3338 5 7 | 11,593 18 10 28 6 — — AN 2,822,388 '7 5 
 < 
 VA 
 85,333 5 7 |11,593 18 10 28 6 — — — 2,322,388 7 5 
 
 
 
 (6821) L 
 

 
 36 
 
 7. Powers of the London County Council exercised over and limited to the area of the county outside the 
 
 those powers, distinguishing the expenditure chargeable on the ratepayers and that paid out of 
 
 | 
 
 
 
 | 
 No. Acts of Parliament. Nature of the powers and duties under the Acts, 
 | 
 ee SD A es ee a etree aD eS Pao ee 
 Brought forward “ 
 9 1875. 
 ARTIZANS’ DWELLINGS It appears from the accounts of the City Commissioners of Sewers of the City of London, that instead of 
 Acts, 38 and 39 Vic., cap. | following the precedent of the Board of Works of letting the above sites in nearly every instance to the Peabody 
 36. Trustees for the erection of Artizans’ Dwellings, they themselves erected and retained in the Petticoat Square 
 Unhealthy Areas dealt with | Scheme, buildings from which they receive a net income of £3,000, and that the Ratepayers in the City 
 by Cross’s Acts. parishes contribute at the present time about £8,000, which is raised by special rate out of the Commissioners 
 The powers of Torrens’ Acts | of Sewers Rate, and which is kept under separate headings, in accordance with the regulations of the Act as to 
 were not vested in the | Dwellings House Improvement Fund. 
 Board till 1879, and the 
 powers of Shaftesbury’s 
 Acts were not so vested 
 till 1885. (See Nos. 14a 
 and 148 below.) — con- 
 tinued. 
 10 1878. Under this Act the Justices in General or Quarter Sessions, and in the City of London, the Court of the Lord 
 Mayor and Aldermen were respectively made the authorities for appointing Inspectors, who are to be assigned 
 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES reasonable remuneration for their duties, to secure uniformity in weights and measures throughout the 
 Act, 41 and 42 Vic., cap. Metropolis. The Act laid down standards of weights, measures and capacity, and directed that the Justices, . 
 49, as the Local Authority, should appoint a sufficient number of Inspectors of weights and measures for keeping 
 the standards provided by the authority, and for stamping weights and measures with their denomination by 
 the Inspectors so appointed, and by the 53rd Sect. of the Act, the Justices were to make bye-laws for 
 regulating the comparison with local standards, and the verification and stamping of weights and measures in 
 use, and for regulating the local comparison of local standards, and generally for regulating the duties under 
 the Act of the Inspectors by the Justices, with power to impose fines not exceeding 20/- for breach of any 
 bye-law, and the fees to be taken by the Inspectors were to be fixed by the Justices, and the expenses of the 
 Act were to be paid in the cases of those portions of the present County which were within the Counties of 
 Middlesex, Surrey and Kent out of the County Rate for the several Counties, which did not extend to the City 
 of London, and for the expenses of the Inspectors and execution of the Act in the parishes of the City of London, 
 the Consolidated Rate was made the rate applicable for that purpose, and the powers of Vestries in the 
 Metropolis, haying under any Local Act Charter, or otherwise a right to appoint Inspectors or Examiners of 
 weights and measures were to cease if they so resolved. Although there was a power for Local Authorities 
 to combine for the purposes of the Act, the City Justices and the County Justices never combined for the 
 Metropolis, and power existed for the Local Authority to make separate bye-laws. The power of the Justices 
 under this Act was in 1889 (see No. 15) transferred to the London County Council, and that of the Justices 
 of the City vested in the Common Council. 
 11 1878. This Act repealed former Acts. 
 (a) Contagious DIsEAsES Its first object was to prevent the spread of infectious diseases in animals, including cows in dairies. . 
 (AnImMALs) Aor. Its second object was to apply for the first time under Section 34 new and additional precautions securing 
 
 (2) INSPECTION oF DarrizEs | the inspection of dairies and regulating the supply of milk coming from animals or quarters supposed to be 
 AND REGULATIONS AS TO | affected. It was supplemented in 1890 by an authority being conferred on the Medical Officer of the Local 
 THE Mritk Suppry 1n | Authority, but not on the Central Authority, to trace the source of milk impurity, and to summon the dairy 
 THE Merroporis, 41 & | producers before the Local Authority, and gave the Local Authority power to make orders to cease the 
 42 Vic., cap. 74. distribution of milk from the suspected or infected quarter. The main object of this Act (as to dairies) was 
 
 closely allied with Acts of Parliament relating to the licensing of slaughter-houses, cow-houses, dairies, and 
 other special trades. 
 
 The first object relating to the prevention of the spread of disease in animals was legislated upon in 1848 by 
 an annual Act, which was renewed up to 1866, the scheme up to that date being to prohibit the movement of 
 animals by Privy Council Order. 
 
 In 1866 the power of enforcing these orders was conferred for the first time on the Central Authority (the 
 Metropolitan Board of Works), who were to appoint Inspectors of diseased cattle, and the Court of the 
 Lord Mayor and Aldermen were allowed the patronage of appointing Inspectors for the City Districts, but 
 the only rate fixed for the expenses of the Act, payment of Inspectors, and compensation under the Act, was 
 the Metropolitan Consolidated Board rate paid alike by the City and the Metropolitan ratepayer. 
 
 In 1867 one of the Inspectors appointed by the Board of Works discovered that the great source of expense 
 and the cause of the cattle plague in the Metropolis arose from importation of disease into the City by cows 
 brought from Holland, and in 1867, at the instigation of the Board an Act was passed giving the Privy 
 Council power to regulate the landing of foreign cattle. 
 
 In 1868 the Board of Works were asked if they would carry out the views of the Privy Council, and would 
 establish and maintain a landing place and market for the slaughter and sale of foreign animals. The Board of 
 Works assented, but the City Corporation interposed, and intimated that they were prepared to establish such 
 a market, and without haying recourse to the imposition of any rate to maintain the same if they were allowed 
 
 Carried forward 
 
 = nal oe ie 
 ———— 2 a nn 
 
 Sn 
 

 
 37 
 
 with the 
 
 expenditure in respect of 
 
 City, and the correlative powers extant within the City ; together 
 
 other sources— continued. 
 
 
 
 Originally conferred upon 
 
 
 
 
 
 The Justices or Corporation, 
 and transferred by the Local 
 Government Act. 
 
 From Justices 
 of County to the 
 London County 
 
 Council. 
 
 ao 
 
 By the Act 
 of 1878 ori- 
 ginally con- 
 ferred on 
 Justices of 
 Counties in 
 which the 
 Metropolis 
 outside the 
 City ex- 
 tended the 
 rate appli- 
 cable being 
 the County 
 Rate. 
 
 Transferred 
 
 to L.C.C. 
 
 
 
 
 Discharged out of other Sources 
 and Dues. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (a) By tl (6) By the 
 a) by the Ratepayers in 
 The Metropolitan the pabrite Paid Moneys bor- 
 : F Ratepayers, of the out of the Funds ae ote 
 Metropolitan City levied by the City of London, igh purse the 
 Board or Commissioners London — levied by the City of London section’ ey 
 County Council City C at specified under 
 of Works, of Sewers, as special Commissioners OXPOFAMOI. the several 
 and transferred to County Rate. of Sewers [1891.] The Corporation The Thames ae epee 
 [1890-91.] as Sewers Rate. as the Port Conservancy, and gP } 
 ~ y 1890-9 Sanitary Authority, paid out of 
 [1890-91.] and paid out of | Dues and Water 
 From Justices whe Clin c Corporation Funds, Rents. 
 of the City to - e City Com- ¢ 
 the Common |, J uF oer missioners of [1891.] [1890-91.] 
 Council of the | VOURtY Gouncti. Sewers. 
 City. 
 { 
 £ San oe Cn 23) aS GE Sse 2 fh ti) £ $8; 
 — —_ _— \85,3833 5 7 | 11,593 18 10 28 6 O — _- 2,322,388 7 5 
 By the Act of 5,043 15 3 459 2 3] -559 6 11(b) = aS 19,365 14 2 
 1878 origin- 
 ally conferred 
 on the Court 
 of Lord Mayor 
 and Aldermen 
 of City and by 
 the Local Go- 
 vernment Act 
 vested in the 
 Common 
 Council. The 
 local rate to 
 be the Consol- 
 idated Sewers 
 Rate levied 
 by the Com- 
 missioners of 
 Sewers under 
 Act of 1848. 
 Conferred | Conferred (a) Norr.—-The -- mg € ee 
 by See. Yon} except as Commis- 
 the Corpo- | regards sioners of 
 ration of foreign ani- Sewers, 1848 
 London for} mals on Act, levy for 
 the pur- Metropoli- the purposes 
 poses of tan Board of this Act. 
 provisions of Works As regards 
 relating to | outside the foreign cattle 
 foreign cat-} City, and no rate is 
 tle. The transferred levied. The 
 expenses to L.C.C. receipts ex- 
 to be paid ceed the ex- 
 by rate penditure and 
 levied by are carried 
 the Com- to City Cor- 
 missioners poration 
 of Sewers credit to a 
 under City separate ac- 
 Act of 1848. count to repay 
 The Corpo- principal and 
 ration is interest of 
 also the au- moneys bor- 
 thority in rowed for 
 the City for Deptford 
 the general Market. 
 purposes of 
 the Act. —. — ee SSS jee ge eet ee ee 
 90,377 -— 10] 12,053 1 1 -531 —- 11 — — 2,341,754 1 7 
 
 
 
 (a) This charge is levied by the Council on the whole administrative county, including the City. 
 (4) This is the excess of receipts over expenditure. 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 38 
 
 7. Powers of the London County Council exercised over and limited to the area of the county outside the 
 
 those powers, distinguishing the expenditure chargeable on the ratepayers and that paid out of 
 
 No, Acts of Parliament. Nature of the powers and duties under the Acts. 
 
 giving the City this option, if they exercised it within fourteen days after the passing of the Act, but after passing 
 a Select Committee of the House it was withdrawn. 
 
 In 1869 a Consolidated Act was passed extending the definition of the disease of the animals to which the 
 Act applied, and in this Act the City Corporation were made the exclusive authority as regards foreign animals 
 for carrying out the Act, but for all other purposes and for the inspectors other than for foreign animals, the 
 duties and powers of the Act were exclusively conferred on the Metropolitan Board of Works. 
 
 As considerable compensation was at this time payable in respect of foreign animals, the ratepayers in the 
 City parishes were made liable to a rate to be levied by the City Commissioners of Sewers for the expenses 
 relating to foreign animals imported into the City, the Corporation exercising the power of appointment of these 
 veterinary surgeons and inspectors. At the same time the Act conferred a power on the Corporation to acquire 
 wharves for the landing and reception of foreign animals, as well as a similar power on the Metropolitan Board 
 of Works, but it provided that if the City ms ade: default in providing a foreign market by the 1st of January, 1872, 
 
 (a) Contagious DISEASES 
 (Animats) AocT. 
 
 (6) InspEcTion oF DAIRIES 
 AND REGULATIONS AS TO 
 THE MitK Suppriy OF 
 THE METROPOLIS, 41 & 42 
 Vic., ec. 74.—continued. 
 
 the Metropolitan Board of Works should be at liberty to do so. Under these powers the Corporation have 
 established the Deptford Foreign Cattle Market, and appropriated to their own use the income of the Market. 
 In 1877, cattle disease broke out, introduced again by a cargo of animals from Hamburgh, and landed at the 
 
 foreign cattle market. This was discovered by one of the Board’s inspectors, and led to further legislation, and 
 the passing of the Act of 1878, which enacted that foreign cattle were to be slaughtered at the port unless the 
 Privy Council should otherwise order. In consequence the liability to the heavy compensation payable for 
 foreign animals thus ceased to be a burden on the ratepayers, and notwithstanding that there are but little 
 or no duties for inspectors of foreign animals to perform, the Act still left the Corporation in possession of the 
 Deptford Foreign Cattle Market, from which they continue to draw and appropriate for their own use, as a 
 Corporation, and not in relief of rates, a large income :— 
 
 In the year 1891 the receipts from the market were ¥ .. £57,985 14 8 
 
 The expenditure, including the superintendent and inspector .. 33,472 2 1 
 
 Showing a balance of.. .. £24,613 12 
 Chargeable with interest .. 3,943 17 
 
 ork | 
 
 
 
 
 
 And a net market income of.. £20,569 15 1 
 
 
 
 And a capital debt of £101,000. 
 The ratepayers of the City parishes became liable under the Act of 1878 to contribute to the expenses of the 
 inspectors and for compensation payable for animals other than foreign animals, and the ratepayer of the City 
 parishes was thus in common with the Metropolitan ratepayer contributing to all the expenses of inspectors 
 
 under the Act. 
 In 1891, the Public Health Act was passed, but it did not interfere with the veterinary inspectors appointed 
 
 under the Act of 1878. 
 
 Brought forward 
 iu 1878. to receive the revenue to be derived from the tolls, wharfage, and rents of the market, and a Bill was introduced 
 Carried forward 
 
 Oe 
 ; - = a 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (al 
 
 other sources—continued. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Originally conferred upon 
 Discharged out of other Sources 
 
 
 
 
 
 and Dues. 
 (A SSS = a ana (6) By the 
 (a) By the Ratepayers in 
 The ee ien the parishes Paid 
 : F BLE DACRE, ot the out of the Fund 
 The Justices or Corporation, Metropolitan | City levied by the City of London, Ba ae 
 and transferred by the Local Board or Commissioners ns bey < ed by the City of London 
 Government Act. ounty Counci it a 
 of Works, of Sewers, as special Ceiitaiacionens Corporation. 
 and transferred to County Rate. of Sewers [1891.] The Corporation The Thames 
 [1890-91.] as Sewers Rate. as the Port Conservancy, and 
 . [1890-91 Sanitary Authority, paid out of 
 " cat J and paid out of | Dues and Water 
 - rom Justices Corporation Funds. Rents. 
 Sy Gapaters the of the City to The London whe City Com- : 
 London County| the Common | oounty Council. | Mssioners of {1891.] [1890-91.] 
 Council ¥! Council of the : Sewers. 
 
 City. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 £ eth £ s. d@ Am £ ss @ £ «d 
 _ — —_ = 90,377 O 10 |12,053 1- 1 -531 - 11 —_ — 
 90,377 - 10 {412,053 1 1 seal ce ail — = 
 
 (6321) M 
 
 
 
 City, and the correlative powers extant within the City ; together with the expenditure in respect of 
 
 Moneys bor- 
 rowed for the 
 
 purposes of the 
 
 expenditure 
 
 specified under 
 
 heads and now 
 being paid off. 
 
 the severa 
 
 £ 
 2,341,754 1 7 
 
 
 
 = 
 2,3 
 
 41, 
 
 
 
 ly And 
 fo 
 
 ———= 
 
 4 
 
 s. 
 
 1 
 
 d, 
 
 (! 
 
 
 
40 
 
 7. Powers of the London County Council exercised over and limited to the area of the county outside the 
 
 those powers, distinguishing the expenditure chargeable on the ratepayers and that paid out of 
 
 a a 
 
 
 
 
 
 No, Acts of Parliament. Nature of the powers and duties under the Acts. 
 | 
 | 
 i 
 | 
 | | 
 Brought forward 
 11 1878. As regards the second branch, the Inspection of Dairies, under Section 34 of the Act of 1878, the Privy 
 
 Council, for which authority the Local Government Board was substituted, obtained a power to make orders re- 
 (a) Contacious DisEAaszs | lating to the inspection of Dairies and the Board of Works, and the Council made the appointment of five 
 (AnimALs) AoT. Inspectors of Dairies. The Public Health Act, 1891, repealed the 34th Section of the Act of 1878, 
 (2) Inspection oF DarrreEs | and re-enacted it in Section 28 of the new Act, but by that Section it made the Common Council of the 
 AND REGULATIONS 4S TO | City the authority for executing the Clauses, within the area of the City parishes, conferring the appointment 
 THE Mitx Svurrty orf | of Inspectors of Dairies in the City (if any should be required) on that body, and it directed that the 
 THE METROPOLIs, 41 &42 | ratepayers in the City of London should be liable to be rated by the Commissioners of Sewers for the expenses 
 Vic., c. 74.—continued. under that Section, but it left the ratepayers of the City still liable to contribute to the County Rate for the 
 Inspectors outside the City. 
 With regard to the licensing of slaughter houses: in 1851, slaughter houses were to be licensed by the 
 Commissioners of Sewers. In 1851, a General Act was passed, by which slaughter houses were to be 
 licensed by the Justices, and the jurisdiction of the City was expressly saved. 
 In 1862, cow houses were added to slaughter houses as places to be licensed by the Justices, and the Act of 
 1874 required notices to be given, anda preliminary sanction by the Central Body and the City to a license for 
 slaughter houses before application was made to the Justices for a license under the Act, but the power of the 
 Justices for such licensing was taken away and vested in the Council by the Local Government Act, 1888, 
 Section 45, and that provision was again repealed and re-enacted by Clause 20 of the Public Health (London) 
 Act, 1891, but instead of making the County Council the Central Authority, the one Licensing Authority, it 
 made them the, Licensing Authority for the area outside the City of London, and it has made the County rate 
 applicable, for the expenses of such licenses. The Commissioners of Sewers are the Licensing Authority in the 
 City. Under the new powers the following licenses were granted in the year ending 31st March, 1893 :— 
 
 SE ASSES, RARER RES NSA RE SR SS NR RT SARS SS HR 
 
 County Tn 
 of London. | City Parishes. 
 
 
 
 Licenses granted for slaughter houses and knackers’ yards 541 
 es + » cow houses .. 5: oe at 535 
 » refused ,, slaughter houses 5r an 3A 5 No information 
 - » cow houses .. ic an Sr 11 available. 
 Number of premises registered for offensive trades other 
 than those of slaughterer of cattle and of knacker ae 159 
 a 
 12 1878, 
 
 41 and 42 Vic., cap. 77, | This Act authorises the making of bye-laws as to the hours in which locomotives may pass over roads and 
 HieHways Aanp Loco- bridges, but it limits the jurisdiction of the London County Council to the area outside the City parishes. 
 MOTIVES (AMENDMENT) The streets, therefore, adjoining the City parishes, say Holborn, the Strand, or Bishopsgate-street, might 
 Act. be subject to bye-laws which might allow of locomotives passing over one part of the street during one 
 
 set of hours, while another part of the street might be subject to another set of bye-laws, which only allow 
 locomotives to pass over the other part of the street during a different set of hours, and thus create a conflict, 
 of duties, and resulting expense. Regard should now, however, be had to Sec. 41 (4) (a) of the L.G. Act, 
 1888, which provides for the approval by the County Council of bye-laws, if difference is made by such bye- 
 laws between any main road maintained by the County Council and the other roads in the City. 
 
 Carried forward 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 From Justices 
 of County to the 
 London County 
 
 Council. 
 
 
 
 
 
 other sources—continued. 
 
 Originally conferred upon 
 
 The Justices or Corporation, 
 and transferred by the Local 
 Government Act. 
 
 ) 
 From Justices 
 of the City to 
 the Common 
 Council of the 
 City. 
 
 
 
 Originally 
 vested in 
 the Cor- 
 poration 
 and left 
 with them. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 The 
 Metropolitan City 
 Board or Commissioners 
 of Works, of Sewers, 
 
 and transferred to 
 
 eae ee 
 
 The London 
 County Council. 
 
 Originally 
 vested in 
 Metropoli- 
 tan Board 
 of Works 
 
 except as 
 regards the 
 City. 
 Transferred 
 or OKO. 
 
 The City Com- 
 missioners of 
 Sewers. 
 
 
 
 (a) By the 
 Metropolitan 
 Ratepayers, 
 levied by the 
 London 
 County Council 
 as special 
 County Rate. 
 
 {1890-91.] 
 
 
 
 —_—— 
 
 City, and the correlative powers extant within the City ; 
 
 3 14 
 
 90,380 14 10 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 with 
 
 to oret her 
 
 the expenditure in respect of 
 
 Discharged out of other Sources 
 and Dues. 
 () By the 
 
 Ratepayers in Moneys bor- 
 
 
 
 the parishes Paid rowed for the 
 _,__ot the out of the Funds purposes of the 
 City of London, of the expenditure 
 levied by the City of London specified under 
 Cc spel poe the several 
 ommissioners 
 of Sewers (1891.] The Corporation The Thames a wnid of 
 as Sewers Rate. as the Port Conservancy, and 
 Sanitary Authority paid out of 
 [1890-91.] and paid out of "| Dues and Water 
 Corporation Funds, Rents. 
 [1891.] [1890-91.] 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ase ds Soe ne Ree ee! aa eh Gr 28; Saad 
 COSStIN EP ApieonSik eT] = = 2,341,754 1 7 
 = fp Aa 2 om a fabs sal ee 
 12.053 ae lee 1 -531 - 11 — — 2,341,754 1 7 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
7. Powers of the London County Council exercised over and limited to the area of the county outside the 
 
 those powers, distinguishing the expenditure chargeable on the ratepayers and that paid out of 
 
 
 
 
 
 No, Acts of Parliament. Nature of the powers and duties under the Acts. 
 Brought forward 
 13 1881. 26 Vict. Cap. 13 (1863). 
 The object of this Act was to provide for squares and gardens already set apart for the use of the inhabitants, 
 Open Spaces ACTS. and not to interfere with the rights of owners of land not so set apart, and which have been neglected to be kept 
 Gardens in Towns Protec- | in proper order, and by the Act there was vested in the Metropolitan Board of Works any such place outside 
 tion Act. the City of London, and the expenses were to be defrayed!out of the General Rate of the Metropolitan Board of 
 
 Neglected Squares, Garden | Works, charged on all the ratepayers. As regards the land in the gardens or ornamental grounds in the 
 and Spaces Act of 1863. | City parishes, the Corporation of the City of London were to carry out the provisions of the Act, thus creating 
 a duplicate management, one inside and the other outside the City. The Board of Works might vest the garden 
 in a committee of rated inhabitants to be kept as a garden or as an ornamental ground, or if the owners or 
 occupiers should not agree to undertake such charge, the Board might vest the same in the Vestries or District 
 Boards in which the property was situated, who should thenceforth take charge of and maintain the same 
 subject to the approval of the Board of Works. In the City of London the Corporation would take charge and 
 maintain in default of Committee doing so. 
 Metropolitan Commons Act, 
 1866, 29 & 30 Vict. Cap. cxxii (1866). 
 | The object of this Act was to make provision for the improvement, protection, and management of commons 
 within the Metropolitan Police District. This district may roughly be taken to be an area of about 20 miles 
 round the City, with an additional band on the western half of probably two miles. As to a Metropolitan 
 Common, the whole or any part whereof is situate within the Metropolis, the Metropolitan Board of 
 Works and the General Rate levied by the Metropolitan Board of Works was made the Local Authority 
 and rate for the purposes of exercising the powers of the Act. As regards commons in the band outside the 
 County of London and situate within the district of a Local Board, under the Public Health Act, 1848, and the 
 Local Government Act of 1858, the Local Board was constituted the Local Authority, and the General District 
 Rate the rate for the payment of the expenses. Any other Metropolitan Common outside London the 
 Local Authority was the Vestry of the parish, and the Poor Rate was the local rate out of which the expenses 
 were to be paid. The Act authorised the Local Authority, or any one or more of such bodies, to present a scheme 
 to the Inclosure Commissioners for approval, and they had the power to settle a scheme stating the rights 
 affected, making provision for compensation, and for the confirmation of the scheme by Act of Parliament; and 
 under this Act various schemes were settled for the acquisition of Blackheath, Shepherds Bush, Hackney 
 Commons, Tooting Beck, Clapham Commons, and other commons. The Act authorised the Board of Works, 
 although they were not the Local Authority for the particular common proposed to be acquired, to contribute 
 to the expense of acquisition and payment of compensation, and the expenses were to be paid out of the 
 General Metropolitan Rate. Under this Act various expenses were incurred, and payments made for the ac- 
 quisition of many interests in the commons mentioned. ‘These expenses were leviable by a rate which ran into 
 the City parishes. Under an amending Act of 1869 (32 & 33 Vic., c. 107) a scheme might be made by the 
 Commissioners upon a representation of 12 ratepayers. 
 
 
 
 
 
 The Metage on Grain Act,| .. , ._ _. i 
 
 (Port of London) Act, | 36 J 85 Viet. Cap. C. (1872). : , , ; 
 
 1872, : The City of London, as representing the Port of London, obtained this Act by which the compulsory metage 
 | on grain, and the fillage and lastage paid to persons called Deputy Corn Meters, who collected the dues on grain 
 imported into the Port of London, was abolished, and in lieu thereof a fixed small metage due was substituted 
 and authorized to be levied as a fixed due, until the 31st October, 1902, for creating thereby a fund to be held 
 | by the Corporation for the preservation of open spaces not within the Metropolis, as defined by the Metropolis 
 
 Local Management Act, 1855, and the Act directed that compensation should be paid by the Common Council 
 to the Clerk of the Cocket Dues and Deputy Corn Meters, and that separate accounts of the receipt and 
 application of the funds should be kept, and the Act conferred powers on the City to borrow for the purposes of 
 the Act on the Corn Metage Dues and on their estates and revenues. This borrowing power was further 
 extended by the City of London Act of 1878 (see next page). Considering that the grain metage imported 
 into London is imported, not merely by reason of the population of the City, but of the whole of the 
 Metropolis, there does not seem to be any very well-grounded reason why this grain metage should be applied 
 for the providing of open spaces outside the Metropolitan area. 
 
 | Metropolitan Open Spaces |40 & 41 Vie. Cap. 35 (1877). 
 
 Act, 1877. The object of this Act was to afford facilities for making available open spaces situate within the Metropolis, 
 and to enable the Metropolitan Board to hold the same for the benefit of the public, and to make bye-laws 
 affecting the same. But the powers of the Act, as regards the City of London, were to be exercised by the 
 Mayor, Aldermen, and Commons of the City, who were to defray all the expenses caused by or connected with 
 the execution of the powers conferred by the Act, so that, as regards open spaces and gardens, whether enclosed 
 or unenclosed, or those which were made over by owners, say, of squares or other property, a duplicate jurisdic- 
 tion was created; and, by the Act, the Board and the Corporation could make different bye-laws for the same 
 class of open spaces. In 1887, by the 50 & 51 Vic. Cap. 32, this power was vested, co-ordinately with the Board 
 and the Corporation, in Vestries and District Boards, and provision was made as to the removal of 
 tombstones and monuments. Carried forward | 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 City, and the correlative powers extant within the City; together with the expenditure in respect of 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 other sources —continued. 
 | | 
 Originally conferred upon | , 
 | Discharged out of other Sources 
 { and Dues. 
 ) By tl (b) By the 
 (a) by the Ratepayers in 
 The M etropolitan the parishes Paid sane 
 Metropolit | Cit ateray ee ot the out of the Funds * aoe of the 
 The Justices or Corporation, elTOp Ot a.2 My levied by the City of London, of the ae } eke enditure 
 and transterred by the Local Board or Commissioners London | levied by the City of London : aA duper 
 Government Act. te r Sewer County Council City Corporation Pines "eral 
 or orks badaatahe 7 as special Commissioners ; i } ae rant Ww 
 and transferred to County Rate. of Sewers {1891 ] The Corporation The Thames ee mre 
 [1890-91.] as Sewers Rate. asthe Port Conservancy, and &P : 
 ae ae gh [1890-91 Sanitary Authority, paid out of 
 ; : -91.] and paid out of | Dues and Water 
 > one From Justices Corporation Funds. Rents. 
 cette; Othe City to | The Landon | “ni care 
 } London Count the Common | q» oa Coancil missioners of [1891.] [1890-91.] 
 Scant ¥] Council of the Uy CUS (gee sewerss 
 | Ss City. | 
 | 
 Caras: d: £ s. da. £ os. d. £ s. d. £8, ds £ gs. d. 
 | a = = = 90,380 14 10 | 12,053 1 1 531 - 11 _ — 2,341,754 1 7 
 fe Originally Transferred — — (a) — — — — — 
 conferred from 
 onCorpora-| M. W.B. to 
 tion in re- IDO Ge 
 | gard to City 
 and re- 
 mains with 
 it. 
 “ , 
 — — Ditto << — (a) ae = es = — 
 é™ 
 _ Originally — — — (a) ae As a ee _ 
 conferred 
 on Corpora- 
 tion and 
 remains 
 with it. 
 — Ditto Ditto _ — (a) = =a oe a rs 
 as to spaces 
 in City. 
 90,380 14 19 12.0538 LL =§3i = 11 — — 2,341,754 1 7 
 
 (a) See ante, p. 23. 
 
 ! (6321) N 
 
44 
 
 7. Powers of the London County Council exercised over and limited to the area of the county outside the 
 
 those powers, distinguishing the expenditure chargeable on the ratepayers and that paid out of 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 No. Acts of Parliament. Nature of the powers and duties under the Acts. 
 Se a Pe et aes a oe SS ES 
 | | Brought forward 
 
 13 1881. 41 & 42 Viet. Cap. exxvii. (1878). 
 
 This Act enabled the Corporation to acquire by purchase, gift, or otherwise, the freehold or any interest in 
 Open Spaces Acts.—con- | common lands or open spaces which were outside the area of the Met ropolis Local Management Act, but within 
 tinued. 25 miles of the City, although, so far as relates to commons, the Board of Works, under the Act of 1866, had 
 the power of acquisition of such as were situate in part or whole within the Metropolis. By this Act power was 
 B THE CoRPORATION OF |} given to apply the metage on grain dues for its purposes, and it enabled the Corporation to raise further sums 
 Lonpon (OpEn Spacgs) | of money on those dues, and also to mortgage their estate and revenues beyond the amounts authorised to be 
 Act, 1878. raised under the metage on Grain Act of 1872, and it constituted the Corporation the Authority to manage and 
 | ——— keep up any open spaces so acquired, and to make bye-laws for their management. The open spaces were to he 
 
 held in perpetuity by the Corporation. The Act also allowed of an arrangement being made by which St. 
 Paul’s Churchyard was to be acquired and managed by the Corporation as an open space. Under the Acts of 
 } 1872 and 1878, the City Corporation have acquired the following open spaces, viz.:—West Ham Park, 80 
 acres; Kilburn Park, 30 acres; Highgate Woods, 70 acres; Burnham Beeches, near Slough ; Coulsd on 
 Commons, near Croydon; and Wanstead Park, 182 acres. ‘The Corporation, under the powers of their Acts, 
 have also opened Long Lane, Smithfield Market ; and Blackfriars Bridge Gardens. The Metropolitan ratepayers 
 i have acquired, under separate Acts of Parliament, Finsbury Park, 1857 ; Southwark Park, 1864; Victoria Park, 
 1872 and 1887; and Battersea Park, Kennington Park, Bethnal Green Museum Garden in 1887; and the 
 | following commons under separate Acts, viz.:—Blackheath, 1871; Hampstead Heath, 1871; Shepherd’s 
 Bush, 1871; Hackney Commons, 1872 ; Tooting Beck, 1873; Clapham Common and Bostall Heath, 
 | 1877 ; Plumstead Common, 1878 ; Wormwood Scrubs, 1879 and 1885 ; Hackney Commons, 1881 ; Brook Green, Eel 
 i 
 
 
 
 3rook, and Parsons Green, 1881; Peckham Rye, 1882; Streatham Common, 1884; Highbury Fields, 1885 ; 
 
 Parliament Fields, 1886; and Clissold Park, and Wandsworth Common, 1887, Dulwich Park, and Ladywell 
 Recreation Ground, 1888; Myatts Fields, 1889; Waterlow Park, Brockwell Park, and North Woolwich 
 Gardens, 1890. 
 | METROPOLITAN OPEN | 44 4 45 Vic., Cap. 34 (1881). 
 } Spaces Act, 1881. The object of this Act was to extend the Act of 1877, and it defined open space as any land, whether enclosed 
 or unenclosed, which was not built on, and which was laid out as a garden, or which was used for the purposes 
 of recreation, or lay waste and unoccupied. The Act gave the administration thereof to the Mayor, Aldermen, 
 { and Commons of the City in Common Council assembled, so far as regards property in the parishes of the City, 
 } and the Metropolitan Board of Works as regards property outside the City, and it contained powers to trustees 
 of open spaces and owners of disused burial grounds to transfer them to Local Authorities, who would make bye- 
 laws. The Board and the Vestries or District Boards were enabled to carry out the Act jointly, and it directed 
 that the expenses should be raised as expenses incurred by the Metropolitan Board of Works, under the Act, or 
 by Vestries, and be paid out of any rate which they were authorised to raise under the Local Management Act, 
 1855, but as regards the City of London the Act directed its powers should be exercised by and have relation to 
 i the Corporation, who were to defray out of the metage of grain duty, or otherwise, all expenses under the 
 Act, and any bye-laws made by the Corporation for the regulation of any open spaces acquired under the 
 
 Act were to be made and allowed in manner prescribed by the Corporation of London Open Spaces Act, 1878. 
 
 } 
 | Open Spaces Act, 1890. 53 & 54 Vie. Cap. 15 (1890). 
 
 This Act makes further provision for the transfer of open spaces from Charitable or other Trustees to Local 
 Authorities and enlarges the definition of an open space. 
 
 14 1885. Prior to the establishment of the Metropolitan Board of Works in 1855, there had been conferred in 1851, 
 Tre Hovstne¢ OF THE | under what is known as Shaftesbury’s Act, on Vestries and Local Boards of Health, powers to establish by erection 
 Workin@ Crasses Act, | or purchasing only, renting, and furnishing labouring classes’ lodging houses. The adoption of the Act was 
 1885, as to Lodging | permissive. The Vestries and Local Boards of Health were to appoint Commissioners for carrying the Act 
 | Houses for Labouring | into execution, and the objects the Act bad in view, were regarded so far as central, as that the Act enabled 
 
 | Classes. Vestries of two or more parishes to concur in carrying out the Act, subject to the approval of the Secretary 
 ——— of State. Each Vestry outside the City of London having a population of not less than 10,000 could adopt the 
 
 A Tus Lapovurine Cuiasses | Act, and the City of London as being a city could adopt it for the parishes of the City of London. Such Boroughs 
 Lopeine Hovszs Act, | as adopted the Act, could rate separately for the expenses under the Act, all receipts from the lettings bemg 
 
 1851. carried to the appropriate Fund, and separate accounts being kept of all receipts and expenses under the Act 
 
 under an account to be entitled ‘The Lodging Houses’ Account.” 
 
 In 1866 and 1867, additional powers were conferred to allow of public moneys being advanced to local 
 authorities for the purposes of the Act, and in 1885 the Housing of the Working Classes Act (48 and 49 Vic., 
 cap. 72) was passed, and the powers under the above Acts were then for the first time vested in the Metropolitan 
 Board of Works for the Metropolis, but it did not confer on the Board the powers to acquire and 
 set up these artizan lodging houses within the area of the parishes in the City of ‘London, and 
 threw the whole expense of applying the powers and benefits under the Act conferred upon the 
 labouring classes of the Metropolis, upon the ratepayers outside the City parishes, whilst it left im the 
 Commissioners of Sewers of the City of London, the powers which corresponded with those which were 
 transferred from Parishes to the Board of Works, and which being corresponding powers ought 
 
 Carried forward | 
 
 ——— — 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 ‘ity, and the correlative powers extant within the City; together with the expenditure in respect of 
 
 other sources—continued. 
 
 Originally conferred upon 
 
 The Justices or Corporation, 
 and transterred by the Local 
 | Government Act. 
 
 The 
 
 Metropolitan 
 Board 
 of Works, 
 
 and transferred to 
 
 or Commissioners 
 
 (a) By the 
 Metropolitan 
 Ratepayers, 
 levied by the 
 London 
 County Council 
 
 City 
 
 
 
 From Justices 
 of the City to 
 the Common 
 Council of the 
 City. 
 
 From Justices 
 of County to the 
 | London County 
 Council. 
 
 Originally 
 in Corpora- 
 tion ancl re- 
 mains with 
 them. 
 
 Ditto, as to 
 Spaces in 
 City. 
 
 Ditto. 
 
 The Com- 
 missioners 
 of Sewers 
 originally 
 
 and still the 
 
 authority. 
 
 
 
 Tbe London 
 
 County Council. 
 
 Transferred 
 from 
 M.B.W. to 
 L.C.C. 
 
 Ditto. 
 
 Ditto, but 
 originally 
 with 
 Parishes. 
 
 (a) See ante, p- 23. 
 
 (6) By the City of London Corporation. 
 (c) See ante, p. 38. 
 
 of Sewers, as special 
 County Rate. 
 (1890-91. ] 
 The City Com- 
 missioners of 
 Sewers, 
 & Ivete 
 
 90,380 14 10 
 
 (a) 
 
 (®%) 
 
 
 
 90,380 14 10 
 
 (6) By the 
 Ratepayers in 
 the parishes 
 of the 
 
 City of London, 
 
 levied by the 
 City 
 Commissioners 
 of Sewers 
 as Sewers Rate. 
 
 {1890-91.] 
 
 oC Souls 
 
 12,053 1 1 
 
 (¢) 
 
 — — | —— | 
 
 12,053 1 1 
 
 Paid 
 out of the Funds 
 of the 
 City of London 
 Corporation. 
 
 Discharged out of other Sources 
 and Dues. 
 
 
 
 (1891.] The Corporation The Thames 
 as the Port Conservancy, and 
 Sanitary Authority, paid out of 
 and paid out of | Dues and Water 
 Corporation Funds, Rents. 
 [1891.] [1890-91.] 
 £ s. dd. ame Sc Tad. Dek eae 
 2bole> If — 
 
 14,662 19 9 
 
 
 
 14,131 18 10 
 
 ———S=|= SE 
 
 
 
 The amount borrowed by the London County Council is shown ante, p. 23. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 the several 
 heads and now 
 
 Moneys bor- 
 rowed for the 
 purposes of the 
 expenditure 
 specified under 
 being paid off. 
 
 
 
 £ s. de 
 2,341,754 1 7 
 234,000 - =(L 
 
 (See before.) 
 
 2,575,754 
 
 bey 
 
46 
 
 7. Powers of the London County Council exercised over and limited to the area of the county outside the 
 
 those powers, distinguishing the expenditure chargeable on the ratepayers and that paid out of 
 
 
 
 
 
 No. Acts of Parliament. 
 
 le 
 
 
 
 a 
 
 Wature of the powers and duties under the Acts. 
 
 
 
 A 
 
 1885, 
 
 THe Hovusine oF THE 
 WorxkINnG CLAsses Act, 
 1885. 
 
 Torrens’ Acts, as to un- 
 healthy dwellings, their 
 restoration and demolition 
 in certain cases, and also 
 38 and 39 Vic., cap. 36, 
 known as Cross’s Act. 
 
 1888. 
 
 Locat GOVERNMENT AoT. 
 
 
 
 Shaftesbury Act—continued. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Brought forward 
 
 to have been transferred in 1885, or at all events on the passing of Part III. of the Housing of the Working 
 Classes Act, 1890. The Act of 1885, allowed land to be bought by the Board or Council inside or outside the 
 Metropolis or County for the purposes of the Act, but deprived it of the power do so in the City parishes. In 
 fact it allowed the labouring classes in the City parishes, if any such there were, to have the benefits of the Act if 
 put in force by the Board of Works, but it exempted the ratepayers in the City parishes from any con- 
 tribution to the expense. The Act allowed separate cottages for the labouring classes to be provided, and 
 compulsory powers of purchase of land were conferred on both the Metropolitan Board of Works and the City. 
 The Act was never in fact put in force by the late Metropolitan Board of Works outside the City parishes. 
 
 The establishment of Labourers’ Municipal Lodging Houses, under the authority of Shaftesbury’s Act of 
 1851 (see ante No. 144, under the Housing of the Working Classes Act, 1885, as to Municipal Lodging Houses 
 for labouring classes) was supplemented in 1868 by Torrens’ Act to provide better dwellings for artizans and 
 labourers, and compelling, at the instance of the Local Authorities, the owners to make their houses habitable, 
 and, where not capable of being so made, giving the Local Authorities the power to demolish that which was 
 itself unhealthy, or caused unhealthiness. The powers of the Act were vested, as regards property in the City 
 parishes, in the Commissioners of Sewers, and their Consolidated Sewers Rate was made the rate to meet the 
 expenses, but there were but few such houses in the City parishes, and the ratepayers of those parishes covering 
 only 668 acres, did not under the Act have to contribute to the expenses of applying the Act over the 74,794 acres 
 constituting the great area of the Metropolis. These expenses for this latter area had to be provided by the 
 ratepayers of each particular district, and powers were vested in the Vestries and District Boards, as constituted 
 under the Act of 1855, to levy a rate in the same way as for the purpose of defraying the expenses under the 
 Shaftesbury Act, authorising the erection and running of Municipal Lodging Houses. It was, however, enacted 
 by Section 31 of the Act of 1868 that all expenses so to be defrayed out of a local rate should be limited to 2d. in 
 the £, and be raised as provided by the Metropolis Management Act, 1855. But this limit of 2d. upon the 
 Metropolitan ratepayer was repealed, and the rate became a rate unlimited in amount by the Act of 1890. In 
 1879 the Metropolitan Board of Works was so far recognised as the proper Central Authority in reference 
 to the enforcement of the benefits and powers of these Acts that the 42 and 43 Vic., Cap. 64, constituted the 
 Board of Works as the proper authority to intervene, where the J.ocal Authorities outside the area of the City 
 parishes neglected their duties. Although the power of the Vestries outside the City was over-ridden by the 
 Central Authority, yet the Central Authority had no power to deal with offenders and cases in the City parishes. 
 This Act of 1885 still kept the expenses of the Act separate, and practically freed the ratepayers in the City 
 parishes from the proper cost of contributing to the application and working of these Acts, and it was not till 
 the Housing of the Working Classes Act 1890, that the duty of working them could be enforced by the Council 
 as the Central Authority. The provisions of Torrens’ Acts were then re-enacted, and in substance form 
 Part IL. of the Act of 1890. The opportunity which thus in 1890 occurred of unifying the rate for these 
 expenses all over the Metropolis was lost, and the separate jurisdiction was kept up in the Commissioners for the 
 City of London and in the Council, and the City ratepayers were respectively relieved from contributing to the 
 expenses of working Part IT. throughout the Metropolis generally. 
 
 The condition of houses in the City parishes is now such that probably there is but little property to which 
 the Act could now be applied. 
 
 Deputy Lieutenant. 
 
 Appointment of Coroners (See Return A, Part I., Heading B). 
 
 Prisons, including portion of debt taken over from the Justices of counties outside the City 
 
 Militia storehouses for keeping arms, accoutrements, and clothes, the acquisition and hirmg of land and 
 barracks for such purposes, with powers to the Lieutenancy of the City and City Justices respectively to sell the 
 surplus storehouses and barracks, 
 
 County bridges. (Quere transferred by Secs. 35, 36 and 41 of L. G. Act, 1888 to L.C.C.) 
 
 Provision for and enlargement and management of asylums for pauper lunatics and pauper lunatics without 
 settlement (not being pauper lunatics without settlement in the City of London), inctuc ing portion of debt 
 taken over from late County Justices. 
 
 Reformatory and industrial schools, including portion taken over from the late County Justices. 
 
 Drowned bodies. 
 
 Sessions House. 
 
 Carried forward 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 other sources—continued. 
 
 
 
 
 City, and the correlative powers extant within the City ; together with the expenditure in 
 
 
 
 respect of 
 
 
 
 Originally conferred upon 
 
 The Justices or Corporation, 
 and transferred by the Local 
 Government Act. 
 
 From Justices 
 of County to the 
 
 
 
 From Justices 
 of the City to 
 the Common 
 
 London County Council of the 
 
 Council. 
 
 Originally 
 conferred 
 on Justices 
 of Coun- 
 ties, andin 
 part trans- 
 ferred to 
 
 the Council. 
 
 
 
 City. 
 
 Originally in | Originally 
 
 Commis- 
 sioners of 
 Sewers and 
 still with 
 them. 
 
 As regards 
 the City 
 left with 
 the Lieu- 
 tenancy of 
 the City 
 as to Militia 
 business 
 and Deputy 
 Lieutenant. 
 
 (6321) 
 
 
 
 
 
 (6) By the 
 
 Discharged out of other Sources 
 
 and 
 
 Dues. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (a) See ante, p. 33. 
 
 O 
 
 
 
 
 
 (a) By the Ratepayers i 
 The Metropolitan the paclaher. Paid sae wei Di 
 3 . Ratepayers, of the Sutomeihedtunds rowed or the 
 Metropolitan City levied by the | City of London, i.e pErposes the 
 Board or Commissioners London _ levied by the City of London be roe ee 
 County Council City Corporation specified un: 43 
 of Works, of Sewers, as special Gommissioners : ene pe ar 
 and transferred to County Rate. of Sewers [1891.] The Corporation The Thames horas aid off 
 [1890-91.] as Sewers Rate. as the Port Conservancy, and BP y 
 : : Sanitary Authority, paid out of 
 [1890-91.] and paid out of | Dues and Water 
 They Corporation Funds. Rents. 
 rr e City Com- - : - 
 The London OIERUneTaIOn [1891.] [1890-91.] 
 County Council. Sowers | 
 43 Gh ee nS oe Ee Re oo th £ San ds 
 = >= 90,380 14 10 | 12,053 1 11] 14,131 18 10 — —e 2,575,754 1 7 
 K mG — (2) _ — ee ae 
 with 
 Vestries and 
 District 
 Boards : 
 then with 
 M.B.W. 
 and 
 transferred 
 to Council. 
 210 - — = = — aes 
 22,047 110 _— 1,329 16 11 a —- = 
 5,597 13 11 =i 3,026 19 2 = = 62,131 13 4 
 -206 10 10 — — — — 595 - - 
 839 4 1 —_ — —_ — _ 
 96,836 6 1 —_ 3,272 13 11 — — 1,085,142 18 5 
 EVA) BS Es, _ 31412 1 _— — 9,168 11 8 
 69 15 4 — TO y= — = = 
 es =a <— se on 20,000 - — 
 233,365 17 11 | 12,053 1 1{| 22,147 10 11 — — 3,752,792 5 — 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 7. Powers of the London County Council exercised over and limited to the area of the county outside the 
 
 
 
 No. 
 
 en en ek 
 
 16 
 
 
 
 
 
 those powers, distinguishing the expenditure chargeable on the ratepayers and that paid out of 
 
 Acts of Parliament. 
 
 1889. 
 
 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES 
 
 Act, 1889, 52 
 Vie., cap. 21. 
 
 and 53 
 
 
 
 48 
 
 Nature of the powers and duties under the Acts. 
 
 
 
 Brought forward 
 
 The Weights and Measures Act, 1889, 52 and 53 Vic., cap. 21, amended the Act of 1878 by transferring the 
 appointment of Inspectors by the County Justices to the London County Council, but left the appointment in 
 the City in the Common Council. The Act illustrates the disadvantage of a dual system. 
 
 Part I. of the Act provides as follows :— 
 
 Every Weighing instrument used for trade outside the City parishes must be verified and stamped by an 
 Inspector appointed by the Council, and when used within the City parishes by an Inspector appointed by the 
 Common Council. 
 
 The powers of making bye-laws under Section 53 of the Act of 1878 are extended to making bye-laws for 
 Weighing instruments. 
 
 The Local Authority (7.e.) the Council and the City are to make general regulations (to be approved by the 
 Board of Trade) (a) for the verification and stamping of weights, measures, and weighing and measuring 
 instruments; (4) for the inspection of weights and measures, and weighing instruments. 
 
 The Board of Trade is to hold examinations and grant certificates of competency to Inspectors to be 
 appointed by the Council and the City, and no new Inspector may act as such until he has obtained a certificate. 
 
 Fees, which are to be fixed by the Council and the City are to be charged for all verification and stamping, 
 according to a scale in a schedule in the Act. 
 
 Part IT of the Act apples to the sale of Coal, either outside or inside the City parishes. 
 
 The enforcement of the following duties will be looked after by Inspectors appointed by the Council and 
 
 by the City, according to locality. 
 
 Section 20.—All Coal shall be sold by weight. 
 
 Section 21. Over 2 ewt. of Coal delivered by vehicle must be accompanied by Ticket, disclosing the 
 net weight of the Coal to be delivered. 
 
 Section 22.—Coal sold in bulk must be weighed when sent out, as well as the vehicle which contains it, 
 unless the vehicle is provided by the Purchaser; and the tare weight of the vehicle must be marked thereon in 
 such a way as the Local Authority approves. The Coal must be accompanied by a ticket showing the correct 
 weight of the Coal, as well as of the vehicle which contains it. 
 
 Sect. 25.—Where coal is sold by retail for delivery the seller must keep at the place of sale and delivery a 
 verified weighing instrument, and must if required by the purchaser or by any Inspector or other Officer 
 appointed for the purpose, weigh any coal before its sale or delivery. 
 
 Sect. 26.—The Local Authority are at liberty to erect fixed weighing instruments at convenient places for 
 weighing coal, and may provide and maintain sufficient portable instruments for the same purpose, and each 
 authority may appoint proper persons to keep and attend such instruments. 
 
 Sect. 27.—The seller, purchaser, person in charge of a vehicle with coal, Inspector of weights and measures, 
 or other person appointed for the purpose by the Local Authority, may require any coal or any vehicle used for the 
 carriage of coal in bulk to be weighed or re-weighed, provided that (a) no vendor shall be required to carry coal 
 beyond the distance prescribed by the County or the City respectively, although there is nothing to make the 
 regulations uniform, but in no case exceeding half a mile; and (6) where the purchaser requires the coal to be 
 weighed or re-weighed, and, it is found to be correct, he shall be liable to reasonable costs. 
 
 Section 28.—The County Council and the City may make Bye-laws, to be approved by the Board of Trade, 
 and published, but without necessarily being the same Bye-laws, (a) regulating, for the purposes of this Act, the 
 sale of Coal under 2 cwt.; (4) requiring a weighing instrument, of an approved form, to be carried with any 
 vehicle containing coal for sale or delivery ; (c) prescribing the distance beyond which coal is not required to be 
 carried for the purpose of being weighed, and which distance may be different according as each authority may 
 prescribe; (d) fixing the fees to be paid for the use of any weighing instrument maintained by the Local 
 Authority. 
 
 The County or City Inspector, or other appointed Officer, may enter, but only in their respective authorities, 
 any place where coal is kept for sale; he or they may also stop any vehicle with coal for sale or delivery, may 
 test the weights and weighing instruments, and weigh such coal. 
 
 Part III. of the Act refers to the law dealing with the sale of bread, which, as here amended, only requires 
 that all bread (except fancy bread or rolls) shall be sold by weight when so requested by or on behalf of the 
 purchaser, and that bakers shall provide scales for the purpose, but the enforcement of this provision is left 
 to the respective Inspectors of the Council and of the City. 
 
 Carried forwurd 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 —_—— — 
 
 
 
 i 
 
 49 
 
 City and the correlative powers extant within the City ; together with the expenditure in respect of 
 
 other sourees—continued. 
 
 nS SS SSS SSS SSS SSS 
 
 Originally conferred upon 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (a) By the 
 
 
 
 (0) By the 
 Ratepayers in 
 
 Discharged out of other Sources 
 and Dues. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 The Metropolitan | “thepariahes | paia Moneys bor. 
 atepayers, rity Py 
 The Justices or Corporation, Metropolitan City tovied by the City a ee ok aR ot peace ee 
 and transferred by the Local Board or Commissioners eyes a levied by the City of London Gearon sider 
 Government Act. of Works, of Sewers, peal ini Corporation. ‘ the several 
 and transferred to County Rate. of Sewers [1891.] The Corporation | The Thames tina paid off. 
 [1890-91.] as Sewers Rate. _ asthe Port Conservancy, and 
 = Sanitary Authority, paid out of 
 j (1890-91. ] \ and paid out of | Dues and Water 
 From Justices ir yereaaiis The City Com- | Corporation Funds. Henle 
 of County to the) the Common (1891. [1890-91.] 
 London County Gouncillottha County Council. 
 Council : 
 ‘i City. | 
 £ & Ol ce bee Sere: St Saad a5 RR th £ Se. Gs 
 — -- 233,365 17 11 |12,053 1 1 | 22,147 lo 11 —- — 3,752,792 5 - 
 By the Act of | By the Act (a) (a) a. — ie = 
 1878, of 1878, 
 originally originally 
 conferred conferred 
 upon the on the 
 Justices Court of 
 of the the Lord 
 counties in| Mayor and 
 which the Aldermen 
 Metropolis | of the City 
 extended, and by the 
 the rate to Local Go- 
 be the vernment 
 County Act, vested 
 Rate. in the 
 Transferred Common 
 to L.C.C. Council the 
 local rate to 
 be the Con- 
 solidated 
 Sewers 
 Rate. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 -_ —_— ——— | | ee 
 
 233,365 17 11 | 12,053 1 1 |22147 1011 = = 8,762,792 5 - 
 
 
 
 
 
 (a) See No, 10 ante, pp. 36-7. 
 
 
 
50 
 
 7. Powers of the London County Council exercised over and limited to the area of the county outside the 
 
 those powers, distinguishing the expenditure chargeable on the ratepayers and that paid out of 
 
 eS 
 
 No, Acts of Parliament. Nature of the powers and duties under the Acts. 
 
 Pee ie ya 
 Brought forward 
 
 17 1890. The Housing of the Working Classes Act, 1890, 53 and 54 Vict., cap. 70. This Act repealed the Artizans’ 
 HovsING OF THE WORKING | Dwellings Act, 31 and 32 Vic., cap. 130; 38 and 39 Vic., cap. 36; 42 and 43 Vic., cap. 63 and 64; 45 and 46 
 Crassks, Aot, 53 and 54 | Vic., cap. 54; 48 and 49 Vic., cap. 72. It re-enacted these Acts in parts I. and II, of the Act of 1890. The 
 
 Vic., Cap. 70. new Act repeated the double jurisdiction of the city and the county. 
 
 Part 1. The Council is the sole authority for framing improvement schemes to be made for the clearance of unhealthy 
 areas and the erection thereon of dwellings for the working classes effected by the Council, but the expenses 
 relating thereto even should they benefit property in the City parishes, are not to fall upon the Ratepayers of the 
 property in the City parishes. The Schemes carried out must provide for accommodating all the persons of the 
 working class displaced, unless the Secretary of State sees fit to dispense with the obligation, which he may do to 
 the extent of half the number of persons displaced, and under this provision the Council has itself undertaken 
 the “ Boundary Street, Bethnal Green” Scheme, and has agreed to carry out the following other Schemes, 
 the Local Authority contributing :— 
 
 As regards the Boundary Street Scheme, it relates to the clearance of about 15 acres within 640 yards 
 of the City boundary, involving the displacement of 5,719 persons, the rehousing on or near the area of 4,600 
 persons, and the estimated net cost of the scheme will amount to £300,000, about £170,000 of this sum was 
 expended during 1892-3. 
 
 The City ratepayer is not liable to this cost, which falls wholly on the Special County Fund. 
 
 Under Part II., the County Council is proceeding with (a) a clearance and rehousing scheme of 2,600 square 
 yards at Brookes Market, Holborn, within 36 yards of the City boundary, involving the displacement 
 of 55 persons; the rehousing on or near the same area of 60 persons, and the estimated cost of which is £5,950, 
 about £120 of this sum was expended during 1892-3. 
 
 The City ratepayer is not liable to this cost. 
 
 (4) Another scheme is also being carried out under Part II. of the Act. 
 
 (c) There are other Part II. schemes to which the Council contribute. 
 
 18 Part 2 ee ee ee Whenever the Council, as a Local Authority, finds it desirable that there should be an improvement scheme 
 for an area too small to be properly dealt with under Part I. of the Act, it is to frame one, and obtain its 
 confirmation under Part IL. of the Act. 
 
 The Act does not define what is an area too small for the application of Part I., but Sects. 72 and 73 enact 
 that in any case where not more than 10 houses are included in a representation under Part I., the area is to be 
 dealt with under Part IT., and that where (in the case of property in the City) the City considers that an area 
 reported under Part II. should be dealt with under Part I., or where the Council considers that an area 
 represented to it under Part I. shouid be dealt with under Part II., the question is to be referred to the 
 Secretary of State, who is then to appoint an Arbitrator to hold an enquiry, and report both as to the main 
 question and as to any contribution if the case is to be dealt with under Part II. 
 
 Part III. is substituted for the repealed Acts of 14 and 15, Vic., cap. 34, 29 and 30; Vic., cap. 28, 30 and 
 31; Vic., cap. 28 and 48 and 49 Vic., cap. 72, and re-enacts the provisions giving the Council power to acquire 
 land for and to erect and manage Lodging Houses for the Working Classes, and also a similar power to the City. 
 
 This Act repeated the error of 1885, by allowing the Commissioners of Sewers of the City of London to possess 
 a similar power, making duplicate expenses. In the City of [London there are practically no Labouring Classes, 
 and the Corporation Lodging Houses (see above under the Act of 1885) amply supply all the wants of the 
 City. The rents from these buildings produce a surplus income, so that the ratepayers of the City 
 parishes contribute nothing to the working of this part of the Act. The County Council are working 
 these provisions and establishing Municipal Lodging Houses, including one at Parker Street, Holborn, within 
 775 yards of the City boundary, at a cost of £16,610, but the ratepayers in the parishes of the City do 
 not contribute to their expenses. 
 
 Married forward 
 
 
 
 
 
 a et 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 other sources—continued. 
 
 SS SS SS SE es ES ESE eee erste serene 
 
 Originally conferred upon 
 
 Metropolitan 
 Board 
 of Works, 
 
 The Justices or Corporation, 
 and transferred by the Local 
 Governmert Act, 
 
 The 
 
 City 
 
 or Commissioners 
 
 of Sewers, 
 
 and transferred to 
 
 From Justices 
 of the City to 
 the Common 
 
 From Justices 
 of County to the 
 London County 
 
 Council. 
 
 The London 
 
 
 
 Originally 
 conferred 
 on the 
 L.C.C. 
 outside the 
 
 City. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (6321) 
 
 County Council. 
 
 The City Com- 
 missioners of 
 Sewers. 
 
 Originally 
 conferred 
 on the Com- 
 missioners 
 of Sewers 
 in the City. 
 
 (a) By the 
 Metropolitan 
 Ratepayers, 
 levied by the 
 London 
 County Council 
 as special 
 County Rate. 
 
 [1890-91.] 
 
 aS s. d. 
 233,365 17 11 
 — (4) 
 
 233,365 17 11 
 
 (a) See ante, p. 33. 
 
 (6) By the 
 
 Ratepayers in 
 the parishes 
 
 of the 
 
 City of London, 
 levied by the 
 
 
 
 E 
 
 City, and the correlative powers extant within the City ; together with the expenditure in respect of 
 
 Paid 
 
 out of the Funds 
 
 of the 
 
 City of London 
 
 . 
 
 Discharged out of other Sources 
 and Dues. 
 
 Moneys bor- 
 rowed for the 
 purposes of the 
 expenditure 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 : ae specified under 
 ae pre ie eat hee peepee 
 of Sewers {1891.] The Corporation The Thames agape: 
 as Sewers Rate. as the Port Conservancy, and belng Dau OF, 
 - Sanitary Authority paid out of 
 [1890-91.] and paid out of "| Dues and Water 
 | Corporation Funds, Rents. 
 {1891.] [1890-91.] 
 Sen Soe. ee Ses £ & 
 12,058 1 1 |22,147 10 11 3,752,792 5 — 
 — (a) — (a) — — a 
 12,053 1 1 {22,147 1011 + = 3,752,792 5B — 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 52 
 
 7. Powers of the London County Council exercised over and limited to the area of the county outside the 
 
 those powers, distinguishing the expenditure chargeable on the ratepayers and that paid out of 
 
 
 
 No. Acts of Parliament. Nature of the vowers and duties under the Acts. 
 
 ek eee rn rnin 
 
 | 
 { 
 | 
 
 ne oe 
 
 
 
 
 
 19 1891. Brought forward 
 The Public Health (London) Act, 1891, 54 4 55 Vic. Cap. 76. 
 Pusiic Heatru (Lonpon) Bye-laws.—The Council may make bye-laws for London but not for the parishes in the City. The 
 AoT. Commissioners of Sewers must make bye-laws for the City parishes. 
 
 1.—Relating to the removal or carriage by road or water of offensive or noxious matter or liquid, and as 
 to the construction and covering of the carriage or vessel used for such purpose. 
 
 2.-—As to the closing and filling up of cesspools and privies, the removal and disposal of refuse, and the 
 duties of occupiers in connection with house refuse, so as to facilitate its removal by the scavengers. 
 
 3.—With respect to water closets, earth closets, privies, ashpits (7.e. dustbins), cesspools and receptacles 
 for dung, and the proper accessories thereof in connection with buildings. 
 
 4.—For regulating the conduct of offensive trades, the structure of the premises for such trades, and the 
 mode in which application shall be made for establishing anew various specified businesses, see above 
 No. 8. By previous Acts licenses of Quarter Sessions were necessary for slaughter-houses and cow- 
 houses, and could only be obtained after notice to the Board of Works or to the City. By 
 Section 45 of the Local Government Act, 1888, the Justices’ duty of licensing in the Metropolis 
 was transferred to the Council. The trades of blood boiler, bone boiler, manure manufacturer, 
 soap boiler (unrestricted), tallow melter and knacker are specially prohibited from being established 
 anew. The trades of fellmonger, tripe boiler, slaughterer of cattle or horses, or other offensive 
 business, must not be established anew without sanction of the Council. 
 
 A Petty Sessional Court, consisting in the county of any Metropolitan Police Magistrate or in the City 
 of any Alderman sitting in Petty Sessions, may be empowered by summary order to deprive any person of 
 the right, either temporarily or permanently, of carrying on any business to which the bye-laws relate as a 
 punishment for breaking the same. The Metropolitan Cattle Market, the Cattle Market at Deptford, and the 
 slaughter houses thereat, are exempted from the Council’s jurisdiction. Any Sanitary Authority or person 
 aggrieved by any proposed bye-law under this section may object to the Local Government Board. The 
 Sanitary Authorities are charged with the administration of the bye-laws made in regard to Nos. 1, 2, and 3, and 
 the Council is charged with those under No, 4. 
 
 The Local Government Board may make orders for the following purposes. The Council is the 
 Authority for the Metropolis outside the City, and the Common Council for the City parishes will be the 
 Authority to administer and enforce them and the bye-laws made thereunder :— 
 
 (a) For the registration with the Council of all persons carrying on the trade of a dairyman. 
 
 (2) For the inspection of cattle in dairies, and for prescribing and regulating the lighting, ventilation, 
 
 cleansing, drainage, and water supply of dairies. 
 
 (c) For securing the cleanliness of milk vessels used for containing milk for sale. 
 
 (d) For prescribing precautions to be taken for protecting milk against infection or contamination. 
 
 (e) For authorising the Council to make bye-laws for any of these purposes. 
 
 Offensive Trades.—The Council may sanction the establishment anew of offensive trades in London (but not 
 inside the City parishes, in that area the Commissioners of Sewers are the Local Authority to enforce the provisions 
 of this part of the Act); but at least 14 days before doing so public notice is to be given of the application for 
 such sanction, and a time and place stated at which the Council or the Commissioners will hear objections. A copy 
 of the notice is also to be affixed on the premises concerned. After hearing objections (if any) the sanction is to be 
 granted or withheld as the Council or the City may respectively decide. The Council and the City may charge 
 for an order a fee not exceeding 40s. A business is deemed to be established anew if it is removed from one 
 premises to another, or if renewed on the same premises after being discontinued nine months or more, or if the 
 premises are enlarged without the consent of the Council or of the City ; but it is not so deemed because the 
 ownership has been changed, or because the building if wholly or partially pulled down or burnt down has been 
 reconstructed without extension on the same area. 
 
 No premises are to be used as a slaughter house, knacker’s yard, or cow house (for keeping cows) without 
 a license from the Council. A fee not exceeding 5s. may be charged for each license. Not less than 14 days’ 
 notice of the application must be given to the Sanitary Authority of the district before granting or renewing 
 a license, and the Sanitary Authority may oppose the application. Seven days’ notice of objection is to be 
 served on the applicant, but if no notice has been given, the Council may adjourn the hearing in order to inform 
 the applicant, and require his attendance when the case is re-heard. If a Committee refuse or recommend 
 the Council to refuse a renewal, the Council must itself hear the applicant against such refusal, if written 
 application is made by the applicant within seven days of his being informed of such decision. Slaughter houses 
 in the Metropolitan Cattie Market are exempted from this provision, and the Council’s jurisdiction is excluded 
 from the City. 
 
 The Council may make complaint or take proceedings against any Sanitary Authority, including the City 
 Corporation, if it remove and collect or deposit house or street refuse in such a manner as to cause a nuisance or 
 be injurious to the health of any of the inhabitants of the district. 
 
 Also if premises used by any Sanitary Authority, including the City Corporation, for the treatment or disposal 
 of refuse are a nuisance or injurious to health, such nuisance may be dealt with summarily under this Act, and 
 in this case the Council is to put the law into force. But no proceedings are to be taken by the Council against 
 a Sanitary Authority under this section except with the consent of the Local Government Board. Any fine 
 imposed on a Sanitary Authority is to be paid to the Council. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Carried forward 
 
 
 
 — SS a 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 The Justices or Corporation, 
 | and transferred by the Local 
 Government Act. 
 
 | 
 
 
 
 re From Justices 
 From Justices of the City to 
 
 of County to the 
 " the Common 
 London County} Council of the 
 
 | Council. City. 
 
 
 
 As to Dairies 
 and Milk 
 Inspection 
 the Corpo- 
 ration with- 
 
 | in the City. 
 
 It would 
 
 appear that 
 
 the Corpor- 
 ation is also 
 the licensing 
 authority in 
 
 the City. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 other sources—continued. 
 
 Originally conferred upon 
 
 
 
 
 
 City and the correlative powers extant within the City ; together with the expenditure in respect of 
 
 Discharged out of other Sources 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (a) Salary of Medical Officer. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 and Dues. 
 (ae Bes tt (6) By the 
 a) by the Ratepayers in _ 
 Me Metropolitan | chepirishes | pai pA 
 : : atepayers, ot the i Rae , 
 Metropolitan City levied by the City of London, a SLA elie se purpose Ee 
 Board or Commissioners - mene a levied by the City of London specified andor 
 ount; u 5 fine ks ane § 
 of Works, of Sewers, rae Frecial pce Corporation. . the several 
 and transferred to County Rate. of Sewers [1891.] The Corporation The Thames ae ape: 
 [1890-91.] as Sewers Rate. as the Port Conservancy, and gP E 
 ; Sanitary Authority, | paid out of 
 [1890-91.] and paid out of | Dues and Water 
 c Corporation Funds. Rents. 
 The City Com- z aie 
 5 The Ft anise we {1891.] [1890-91.] 
 ounty Council. Sewers. 
 Ses: aes CS tee Le a5 | Ge Sams £ s 
 — —_ 233,365 17 11 12,053 1 22,147 10 11 — a 3,752,792 5 
 The L.C.C. | For all pur- 307 13 5(a\) — — — — — 
 the original| poses 
 authority except 
 outside the | Dairies and 
 City for all] Milk, the 
 purposes. Commis- 
 sioners of 
 Sewers. 
 * 
 238,673 11 4! 12,053 1 1 |22,147 10 11 — = 3,752,792 5 
 
 
 
 
 
 d. 
 
 —— 
 

 
 o4 
 
 7. Powers of the London County Council exercised over and limited to the area of the county outside the 
 
 those powers, distinguishing the expenditure chargeable on the ratepayers and that paid out of 
 
 : tenses eanoneinseenns unseen 
 
 19 
 
 20 
 
 Acts of Parliament. Nature of the powers and duties under the Acts. 
 
 ee ee 
 
 
 
 
 
 Brought forward 
 1891. Appeals.—Any person aggrieved by any notice or act of any Sanitary Authority as regards the following matters 
 affecting the county outside the City may appeal to the Council, and its decision is in all cases to be final :— 
 Pustic Heatru (Lonpon) | (1) As to provision of ashpits or waterclosets in connection with houses. (2) As to repairs or alterations to any 
 Aot—continued. closet, privy, ashpit or cesspool, or as to order for removal of same. (3) As to constructing, covering, filling up, 
 or other alteration of drains. These appeals are to be conducted in accordance with the provisions of Sects. 211 
 
 and 212 of the Metropolis Management Act, 1855. 
 
 When an Order is isssued by a Sanitary Authority to any dairyman whose premises are within the county 
 requiring him not to supply milk within the district on the ground that infectious disease is caused by its 
 consumption, notice of the facts is forthwith to be served upon the Council by the Sanitary Authority, including 
 the City, 
 
 Mortuaries, §e.—The Council may require any Sanitary Authority, other than the City, to provide and 
 maintain a proper building fcr the reception of bodies for post-mortem examination. Such building may be 
 in connection with a mortuary but not with a workhouse, 
 
 The combination of Sanitary Authorities for carrying out the provisions of the Act with respect to mortuaries 
 and buildings for post-mortem examinations, or the contracting with each other for the purpose is authorised, 
 subject in every case to the approval of the Council. 
 
 The Council is to provide and maintain proper accommodation for the holding of inquests or it may arrange 
 with a Sanitary Authority to do so on such terms as may be agreed upon. 
 
 The Council may provide and fit up one or two suitable buildings for the reception of unidentified dead 
 bodies where they can be retained and preserved with a view to identification, and provide all such appliances as 
 may be necessary for such purpose. 
 
 Proceedings in default——The Council, on satisfactory proof being given that any Sanitary Authority other 
 than the City has failed in its duty with respect to (a) the removal of any nuisance, (4) the institution of 
 any proceedings, or (c) the enforcement of any bye-law, may institute any proceeding or do any act which the 
 Authority might have instituted or done for that purpose, and may recover costs from the defaulting Authority. 
 
 The Council may also make complaint to the Local Government Board, against any Sanitary Authority, 
 including the City, for failing to execute or enforce any provisions of the Act or of any bye-law, and the Local 
 Government Board, if satisfied that the complaint is justified, and that it cannot be remedied under the other 
 provisions of the Act, is to make an order limiting the time for the performance of the neglected duty by the 
 defaulting Authority. If disregarded this may be enforced by writ of mandamus, or the Local Government Board 
 may, except in the City, appoint the Council to perform the duty. In the latter case, the Council will have all 
 the powers of the Sanitary Authority, and will charge all costs and expenses to the Authority in default. For the 
 purpose of recovering such debt, power is given to the Council to levy the amount by a rate, or if a loan is 
 required for the purpose, the Council, with the consent of the Local Government Board, may borrow the sum 
 required in the name and on the security of the defaulting Authority. 
 
 The Council may, by an authorised officer, examine the book of any Sanitary Authority, including the City, 
 ordered by the Act to be kept, in which are entered all complaints of nuisances or of infringements of the law, 
 and the order of the Sanitary Authority thereon. The Council may also, if of opinion that any such Authority 
 has not appointed a sufficient number of Sanitary Inspectors, make a representation to that effect to the Local 
 Government Board, and that department, after holding a local enquiry, may order the appointment of 
 additional inspectors. 
 
 
 
 Salaries.—The Council is to pay one-half of the salaries of Medical Officers of Health and Sanitary Inspectors 
 appointed or re-appointed after Ist January, 1892, throughout London, including the City, out of the Exchequer 
 Contribution Account. 
 
 1891. The London Overhead Wires Act, 1891, 54 § 55 Vict. Cap. Ixxvii., provides that Companies shall within 
 one month after they shall have placed a wire overhead give notice to the Council and the Local Authority, 
 Lonpon Overnzap Wirzs | (the Commissioners of Sewers in the City, and the Vestries and District Boards for the rest of London), 
 Act, 54 and 55 Vic., cap. showing the locality and position of the wire, and after bye-laws shall have been made the wires shall be placed 
 lxxyii. subject to and in accordance with the bye-laws. Owners may require the Company to alter or remove a wire, and 
 in the event of the Company refusing or neglecting to do so, the Council may alter or remove the wire, and the 
 costs of so doing are to be paid by the Company. The Council may make and vary bye-laws. Should the Council 
 be of opinion that the bye-laws are not being adequately and uniformly administered, the Council may apply to 
 the Board of Trade, and that Board, after hearing the Vestry or District Board concerned, may make an order for 
 securing the enforcement of the bye-laws or for establishing uniformity of administration; and the order may 
 include power to the Council to enforce any bye-law and recover the expense from the Vestry or District Board. 
 The Council or the Local Authority may appoint inspectors for the purposes of the Act. The Council is the 
 body authorised to make bye-laws, but the Act does not afford any means for their enforcement in the City in 
 case of default by the Commissioners. 
 
 Carried forward 
 

 
 
 
 other sources—continued. 
 
 Originally conferred upon 
 
 The Justices or Corporation, Metropolitan 
 
 | and transferred by the Local 
 Government Act. 
 
 Beard 
 of Works, 
 
 From Justices 
 of the City to 
 the Common 
 Council of the 
 City. 
 
 From Justices 
 of County to the 
 London County 
 
 Council. 
 
 The London 
 County Council. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 The L.C.C. 
 the original 
 authority to 
 make _ bye- 
 laws for the 
 whole 
 County. 
 
 
 
 
 
 (6821) 
 
 City, and the correlative powers 
 
 The Com- 
 
 
 
 The 
 
 City 
 
 or Commissioners 
 
 of Sewers, 
 
 and transferred to 
 
 | 
 ( Sopa 
 
 The City Com- 
 missioners of 
 Sewers. 
 
 
 
 missioners 
 are the local 
 authority 
 forthe City: 
 they cannot 
 make bye- 
 laws, but 
 are not 
 obliged to 
 enforce 
 those of the 
 Council. 
 
 
 
 : 
 | 
 | 
 
 
 
 233,672 11 4 
 
 233,673 11 
 
 (a) By the 
 Metropolitan 
 Ratepayers, 
 levied by the 
 London 
 County Council 
 as special 
 County Rate. 
 
 [1890-91.] 
 
 
 
 (6) By the 
 Ratepayers in 
 the parishes 
 ot the 
 
 City of London, 
 
 levied by the 
 City 
 Commissioners 
 of Sewers 
 as Sewers Rate. 
 
 [1890-91.7 
 
 AO Er re 
 
 Paid 
 
 out of the Funds 
 
 of the 
 City of London 
 Corporation. 
 
 extant within the City; together with the expenditure in respect ot 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Discharged out of other Sources 
 and Dues. 
 
 Moneys bor- 
 rowed for the 
 purposes of the 
 expenditure 
 specified under 
 the several 
 heads and now 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Gee Ss ds 
 
 4 
 
 
 
 
 
 12,053 1 1 
 
 QQ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 {1891.] ! The Corporation The Thames : aia ai? 
 | as the Port | Conservancy, and PERE paid Gi 
 iSanitary Authority, | paid out of 
 and paid out of | Dues and Water 
 Corporation Funds.| ents. 
 i [1891.] [1890-91.] 
 ae Bethe aS de Se oS, Uw! £ s. d. 
 22,147 10 11 — 2 3,752,792 5 - 
 | 
 22.147 10 11 — a 3,752,792 5 — 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 56 
 
 P owers of the London County Council exercised over and limited to the area of the county outside the 
 
 No, 
 
 22 
 
 those powers, distinguishing the expenditure chargeable on the ratepayers and that paid out of 
 
 Acts of Parliament. 
 
 Sree ee a 
 
 
 
 {—— — 
 
 
 
 
 
 Nature of the powers and duties under the Acts. 
 
 
 
 1891. 
 
 Lonpon Sky Srans Act, 
 
 54 and 55 Vic., cap. 
 Ixxvii. 
 
 1892. 
 SnHor Hovrs Act, 1892, 
 
 55 & 56 Vict., c. 62. 
 
 Port or Lonpon. 
 
 [ Public Health Act of 1872.] 
 
 THaMES CONSERVANCY ACT, 
 1857, 27 & 28 Vict., c. 118, 
 and many other Acts. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Brought forward 
 The London Sky Signs Act, 1891, 54 4 55 Vict. Cap. lxxviii., provides that after 3rd July, 1891, it shall be 
 unlawful to erect any sky-sign in London, and that signs erected previously to the Act shall only be retained on 
 license from the Council or in the parishes of the City of London the City Commissioners of Sewers, after the 
 owner shall have obtained a certificate from a district surveyor that the sky-sign is not dangerous. Owners of 
 sky-signs may appeal to the Council or to the City Commissioners of Sewers as the case may be should the 
 district surveyor refuse to granta certificate. Penalties are prescribed for erecting or retaining sky-signs contrary 
 to the Act, and the Council or the City Commissioners of Sewers may take proceedings for the removal of 
 unlicensed sky-signs as if they were dangerous structures under the Building Act, 1855. No sky-sign to remain 
 longer than 6 years frem the date of the Act. 
 
 This Act provides that no person under the age of 18 years shall be employed in or about a shop for a longer 
 period than 74 hours, including meal times, in any one week. Employers are to exhibit notices to this effect. 
 Power is given to the Council, for the Metropolis outside the City, to appoint inspectors. In the City the 
 
 = 2 : 2 : : : ¥ 
 Authority is the Common Council. An inspector has power to enter premises, inspect registers, and examine 
 oung persons as to the hours worked. He must, if required, produce the certificate of his appointment. 
 youns t ) ) 
 
 There are numerous Acts of Parliament dealing with the Conservancy of the Thames scheduled to the 
 Thames Preservation Act, 1885, and by these Acts the Conservators are constituted. ‘There are now 23 
 Conservators, namely, the Lord Mayor, two City Aldermen, four members of the Common Council, the Deputy 
 Master, and one other person appointed by the Corporation of the Trinity House, two Conservators appointed 
 by the Lords of the Admiralty, two by the Board of Trade, two by owners of shipping registered in the Port of 
 London, one by owners of steamers plying on the Thames, two by owners of lighters and steam-tugs used on the 
 Thames, and one by occupiers of docks on the Thames, and four chiefly to represent the owners of property in 
 the upper part of the Thames, above Staines. 
 
 The jurisdiction of the Conservators extends to the soil, bed, and shores of the river from Cricklade, in 
 Wiltshire, to Yantlet Creek, in Kent, They take steps to prevent the pollution of the river (except so far as 
 the pollution is authorized by statute, as in the case of Metropolitan sewage). They regulate and improve the 
 navigation, prevent obstructions, repair locks and weirs, inspect steamboats, receive money from six Water 
 Companies getting a supply from the Thames (mostly for London use), and register pleasure-boats and steam- 
 launches. 
 
 It was proposed by the London County Council (General Powers) Bill, 1893, to confer powers upon the 
 Council to elect four persons out of their own body to be Conservators so long as they continue Members of the 
 
 Council, The House of Commons passed this provision, but it was struck out in Committee of the House of 
 Lords. 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 other sources—continued. 
 
 
 
 Originally conferred upon 
 
 The Justices or Corporation, 
 and transferred by the Local 
 Government Act. 
 
 The 
 Metropolitan City 
 Board or Commissioners 
 of Works, of Sewers, 
 
 and transferred to 
 
 
 
 From Justices 
 of the City to 
 the Common 
 Council of the 
 City. 
 
 From Justices 
 of County to the 
 London County 
 
 Council. 
 
 The London 
 County Council. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Outside City 
 0.02") 
 original 
 authority. 
 
 
 
 The City Com- 
 missioners of 
 Sewers. 
 
 Inside City, 
 Com- 
 missioners 
 of Sewers 
 original 
 authority. 
 
 (a) By the 
 Metropolitan 
 Ratepayers, 
 levied by the 
 London 
 County Council 
 as special 
 County Rate. 
 
 {1890-91.] 
 
 £ St aes 
 233,673 11 4 
 
 
 
 233,673 11 4 
 
 
 
 (6) By the 
 Ratepayers in 
 the parishes 
 of the 
 City of London, 
 levied by the 
 City 
 Commissioners 
 of Sewers 
 as Sewers Rate. 
 
 [1890-91.] 
 
 
 
 
 
 a ——__. 
 
 12,052 6 1 
 
 22,147 10 11 
 
 City and the correlative powers extant within the City; together with the expenditure in respect of 
 
 Discharged out of other Sources 
 and Dues. 
 
 Paid 
 out of the Funds 
 of the 
 City of London 
 Corporation. 
 
 
 
 Moneys bor- 
 rowed for the 
 purposes of the 
 expenditure 
 specified under 
 the several 
 heads and now 
 being paid off. 
 
 [1891.] The Corporation The Thames 
 as the Port Conservancy, and 
 Sanitary Authority, paid out of 
 and paid out of | Dues and Water 
 Corporation Funds, Rents. 
 (1891.] [1890-91.] 
 | 
 ae, he SS de £ Sade 
 22,147 10 11 - 
 fi 3,295 18 4 
 Ts _ 107,055 - - 
 
 3,295 18 4 
 
 107,055 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 (a) This is a receipt, no expenditure appearing in the accounts. 
 
 (4) This is exclusive of an old debt of £88,400, which is now being paid off or receiving interest. 
 
 £ s. a. 
 3,752,792 5 — 
 
 
 
 112,676 - - (8) 
 
 3,865,468 5 — 
 

 
 58 
 
 8.—SumMMARY of the preceding Statement with special reference to the Correlative 
 
 the present operation of the exemption now given to the City Parish Ratepayer 
 
 
 
 
 
 Classification of Expenditure. Heads of Expenditure. 
 (a.) Expenditure incurred by the Council under Acts 1, Giving power to promote and purchase tramways under Tramways 
 applicable to both the County and the City without ACH, S70 ets Sc oe ts ts "yc ro) PIE SS) 
 
 any corresponding expenditure in the City ; 
 2. For the due supply of water to the Metropolis. Metropolis Water 
 Act, 1871 oe 40 ae We 50 ; (M.B.) 
 
 3. Infant Life Protection Act, 1872, for protecting children maintained 
 apart from their parents, and granting licenses .. cet (DES) 
 
 4. Highways and Locomotives Act, 1878, for making bye-laws as to 
 5 y , ’ D 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 hours in which locomotives may pass over the highways (J.) 
 5. Local Government Act, 1888. (1) Provision for Militia Barracks, é 
 (2) County bridges, and (3) Deputy- Lieutenant .. (J.) 
 (5.) Expenditure incurred by the three bodies, the Council, 1, Weights and Measures Acts, 1878,1879 .. ‘ . (J.) 
 the Commissioners of Sewers, and the City Corpor- 
 ation, for the same purposes 
 (c.) Expenditure incurred by the two bodies, the Council 1. Repair or prevention of dangerous structures under Metropolitan 
 and the Commissioners of Sewers, for the same Building Act, 1855.. + . . a -» (M.B.) 
 purposes ee : : 
 2. Providing copies of models of gasholder, and appointment of 
 Inspectors of Meters, and providing testing of gas, and appoint- 
 ment of Examiners. Metropolitan Gas Act, 1860 and 1880 
 (M.B.) 
 3. Providing models of gasholders and appointment of Inspector of > 
 Meters. Sale of Gas Act, 1859 .. te a3 ren (MEBs) 
 4. Slaughter houses Act, 1874, for regulating certain businesses (M.B.) 
 5. Explosives Act, 1875. 
 6. Artizans’ Dwellings Acts, 1868, 1875, 1890.. ae -» (M.B.) 
 7. Sky Signs Act, 1891. 
 (d.) Expenditure incurred by the Council and the City 1. For the safe keeping of petroleum, and other substances. Petro- 
 Corporation for the same purposes leum Acts, 1871 and 1879.. ~ 3 ay <M?) 
 2. Against Contagious Diseases (Animals) Act, 1878 .. es (M.B.) 
 Local Government Act, 1888. 4 
 8. Coroners... iS Ags mh a 5c om es ee 
 4, Prisons .. oe i oe te 32 nie 4e (J.) 
 5. Asylums.. we aC ee ee ve ee sc (J.) 
 6. Reformatory Schools .. .s A os ee ee (J.) 
 7. Drowned bodies. 
 (e.) Expenditure incurred by the City Corporation .. ».| 1. Metropolitan Open Spaces Acts, 1877 and 1881 4c M.B. 
 y y Corp I pen Sf ) 
 
 ee _____ 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 59 
 
 Expenditure of the London County Council and the City Authorities, to illustrate 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 under Section 41 (3) of the Act of 1888. [See pp. 80-57 ante for details. | 
 anne eee eee EEE 
 Paid by Paid by Paid by 
 Number of County Ratepayers Ratepayers in City Parishes | City Corporation 
 Heads of Expenditure. under under out of its 
 County Council levy. Commissioners of Sewers levy. Corporate Funds and Dues. 
 £ cy | Uh £ hy Se £ $.1 as 
 i We 988 15 6 (nil) (nil) 
 | > 
 | J 
 E 5,043 15 3 459 2 3 —559 6 1l 
 | 
 cat | - 
 P Vil. 85,090 4 3 11,598 3:10 (nil) 
 | | 
 | J 
 w% | 
 | Vil. 142,550 16 4 (nil) 8,043 18 11 
 J 
 ir (nil) (nil) 14,662 19 9 
 233,673 11 4 12,052 6 1 22,147 11 9 
 ee ee eee eee rene reer nn Ke 
 
 
 

 
 60 
 
 9. Cost of certain concurrent services paid for by the Corporation of London, 
 and by the London County Council respectively. 
 
 City of London, 
 
 
 
 Judicial :— EA SC 
 Criminal Justice— 
 vecorder 3,900 -—- -— 
 Common Serjeant 1,750 - - 
 
 Officials and Establish- 
 ment ve 33 32911 4°9 
 Clerk of the Peace 
 
 
 
 200 - - 
 Magistracy— .. i 
 
 Officials and Establish-| 4,766 - —- 
 
 ment. 
 
 City Marshal .. als 381 9 - 
 Coroner = .-| 1,085 - - 
 Sheriffs .. 709 16 2 
 
 Administrative— 
 Lord Mayor— 10,000 - - 
 
 Establishment, includ- 
 
 ing taxes, rates, &c., 
 
 lighting, repairs, fur- 
 
 niture of the Man- 
 
 sion House, Robe 
 
 and State Coach of 
 
 the Lord Mayor 6,071 12 5 
 Allowances to Com- 
 
 mittees appointed by 
 
 the Court of Common 
 
 Council for their ex- 
 
 penses in a year 3,100 - - 
 Town Clerk 3,500 -— = 
 Principal Clerk : B80). = 
 Architect and Surveyor..| 1,500 -— — 
 Chamberlain 2,000 -— — 
 Principal Clerk .. 1,200 - - 
 Cashier BOD = -e 
 Rent Cashier 450 - —- 
 Comptroller of the Cham- 1,500 -— — 
 
 ber. 
 
 Remembrancer 2,000 - —- 
 
 Solicitor .. ret e000. eee 
 
 Medical Officer (Port bp 
 
 900 —- = 
 London). 
 Medical Officer (Commis- 1,100 - -(e) 
 sioners of Sewers). 
 Engineer .. os 2,500 -— -(c) 
 Chief Assistant 500 - - 
 One Inspector under Ex- 25 - - 
 plosives Act. 
 One Inspector of Gas 200 —- - 
 Measures. 
 One Inspectorof Weights 145 - - 
 and Measures. 
 Gas Testing Inspector 
 and Assistants ei 850 = =) = 
 Inspector under Con- 
 tagious Diseases 
 (Animals) Act 25 -— —-(d) 
 Hall Keeper 550 — = 
 Four Assistants 835 10 - 
 
 
 
 County of London. 
 
 
 
 £ 8. 
 
 1,500 - 
 1,500 - 
 
 0,617 4 
 2,405 —- 
 
 33,900 - 
 
 10,228 4 
 
 LOC 
 1500 — 
 1,000 = 
 1,500 — 
 600 — 
 390 — 
 400 —- 
 
 1,100 —- 
 1,000 —- 
 1,000 - 
 1,000 - 
 
 300 — 
 
 180 - 
 445 4 
 
 11 
 
 Criminal Justice :— 
 Chairman of 
 Sessions. 
 
 Quarter 
 
 Clerk. 
 
 Officials and Establishment. 
 
 —(a) | Clerks of the Peace. 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 Officials and Establishment. 
 
 11 Coroners. 
 
 Chairman of the Council. 
 
 Secretary to the Chairman. 
 
 Deputy-Chairman of 
 Council. 
 
 the 
 
 Tae ) 
 
 Clerk of the Council. 
 Deputy Clerk of the Council. 
 Superintending Architect. 
 Valuer. 
 Comptroller. 
 Assistant Comptroller. 
 Cashier. 
 receiver of Rents and Penal- 
 
 ties. 
 
 Parliamentary Agent. 
 
 Solicitor. 
 
 Assistant Solicitor. j 
 
 Medical Officer. : 
 
 Assistant Medical Officer. 
 
 Engineer. 
 4 Assistant Engineers. 
 5 Inspectors of Explosives. 
 
 20 Gas Examiners. 
 
 14 Inspectors of Weights and 
 Measures. 
 
 6 Gas Testing Inspectors. 
 
 10 Veterinary Inspectors 
 receive £1 each for a whole 
 day, or 10/6 for a half-day 
 and a travelling allowance. 
 
 Housekeeper. 
 
 Servants and Assistants. 
 
 _ (a) These are the Clerk of the Peace for the County of London, and Clerk of the Peace for the Sessions at 
 Newington, under section 118 (8) and (10) of the Local Government Act, 1888, which provides for the continuance 
 
 of existing Officers at their then existing salaries. 
 Pace : 
 (6) This is exclusive of fees for Parliamentary costs. 
 
 (c) This would be only in part applicable to central purposes. 
 (7) He also receives £475 a year as inspector of live cattle at the Metropolitan Cattle Market. 
 
 
 

 
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